FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Foss, RD Ellis, GL Auclair, PL AF Foss, RD Ellis, GL Auclair, PL TI Salivary gland cystadenocarcinomas - A clinicopathologic study of 57 cases SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cystadenocarcinoma; papillary cystadenocarcinoma; salivary gland; salivary gland neoplasm; oral cavity; parotid; sublingual ID GRADE PAPILLARY ADENOCARCINOMA; DUCT CARCINOMA; PAROTID-GLAND; ORAL CAVITY; ORIGIN; TUMORS AB Current classification schemes for salivary gland neoplasms categorize cystadenocarcinomas on the basis of a recurring histomorphologic pattern of cystic, and often, papillary growth without features of other specific types of salivary gland tumors. To ascertain the clinicomorphologic spectrum and biologic behavior of this tumor, the clinicopathologic features of 57 cystadenocarcinomas from the files of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology were studied. Excluding five Veterans Administration military cases, men and women were equally affected. Patients ranged in age from 20 to 86 years (mean, 58.8; median, 64), and patients aged over 50 years accounted for 71% of cases. Thirty-seven tumors (65%) occurred in major salivary glands, 35 in the parotid, and two in the sublingual glands. The 20 minor salivary gland tumors (35%) involved, in descending order, the lips, buccal mucosa, palate, tongue, retromolar area, and floor of mouth. Grossly, the lesions were cystic or multicystic masses that ranged in size from 0.4 to 6.0 cm. Microscopically, all tumors demonstrated an invasive, cystic growth pattern, and 75% had a conspicuous papillary component, The predominant cell type varied among tumors and included small cuboidal cells (35 cases), large cuboidal cells (nine cases), and tall columnar cells (seven cases). Six cases exhibited an admixture of cell types. Ruptured cysts with hemorrhage and granulation tissue were common. All 40 patients with follow-up data were either alive or had died of other causes and were free of tumor a mean interval of 59 months after their initial surgery. Three tumors recurred locally (mean interval, 76 months). Three tumors were metastatic to regional lymph nodes at the time of diagnosis, and one patient developed a regional lymph node metastasis after 55 months. Salivary gland cystadenocarcinomas represent a distinct group of malignancies that have an indolent biologic behavior. C1 ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL, DEPT ORAL PATHOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20306 USA. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL, DEPT VET AFFAIRS, SPECIAL REFERENCE LAB PATHOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20306 USA. NAVAL MED CTR, ORAL PATHOL BRANCH, SAN DIEGO, CA USA. USN, SCH DENT, DEPT ORAL PATHOL, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. NR 40 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0147-5185 J9 AM J SURG PATHOL JI Am. J. Surg. Pathol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 20 IS 12 BP 1440 EP 1447 DI 10.1097/00000478-199612000-00002 PG 8 WC Pathology; Surgery SC Pathology; Surgery GA VV544 UT WOS:A1996VV54400002 PM 8944036 ER PT J AU Schade, SZ Jolley, ME Sarauer, BJ Simonson, LG AF Schade, SZ Jolley, ME Sarauer, BJ Simonson, LG TI BODIPY-alpha-casein, a pH-independent protein substrate for protease assays using fluorescence polarization SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEOLYTIC-ENZYMES; GINGIVALIS AB BODIPY-alpha-casein is a new fluorescent protein substrate designed for fluorescence polarization studies to measure proteolytic activity at any pH over the range from pH 2 to 11. Kinetic protease assays in real-time were performed in 1 to 5 min using an FPM-1 fluorescence polarization instrument. A purified enzyme or bacterial culture was mixed with the BODIPY-alpha-casein in a buffer of an appropriate pH and the decrease in fluorescence polarization was automatically recorded at 0.5-min intervals. The initial decrease in fluorescence polarization with time was dependent on protease concentration. In 3-min assays at 37 degrees C, the sensitivity of detection was 8 mU for pepsin at pH 2.0, 1 mU for papain at pH 6.0, 0.6 mU for proteinase It at pH 1.4, and 2 mU for Streptomyces griseus alkaline protease at pH 11. Only 1-10 mu l of a growing culture was necessary to assay the protease activity of Porphyromonas gingivalis or Treponema denticola, oral bacteria that possess certain proteases on their surfaces. These assays have clinical applications, since certain pathogens use proteolytic activity as a virulence mechanism and differ hom their nonpathogenic counterparts in this characteristic. Fluorescence polarization assays are simple, rapid, and reproducible. (C) 1996 Academic Press Inc. C1 JOLLEY CONSULTING & RES INC,GRAYSLAKE,IL 60030. RP Schade, SZ (reprint author), USN,DENT RES INST,2701 SHERIDAN RD,GREAT LAKES,IL 60088, USA. NR 15 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 243 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1006/abio.1996.0475 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA VX622 UT WOS:A1996VX62200001 PM 8954519 ER PT J AU Fryauff, DJ Richards, AL Baird, JK Richie, TL Mouzin, E Tjitra, E Sutamihardja, MA Ratiwayanto, S Hadiputranto, H Larasati, RP Pudjoprawoto, N Subianto, B Hoffman, SL AF Fryauff, DJ Richards, AL Baird, JK Richie, TL Mouzin, E Tjitra, E Sutamihardja, MA Ratiwayanto, S Hadiputranto, H Larasati, RP Pudjoprawoto, N Subianto, B Hoffman, SL TI Lymphocyte proliferative response and subset profiles during extended periods of chloroquine or primaquine prophylaxis SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID MALARIA; PHARMACOKINETICS; FALCIPARUM AB Immune suppression and disturbances of normal leukocyte populations are side effects attributed to many antimalarial drugs and were concerns during a recent year-long placebo-controlled trial that compared daily primaquine (0.5 mg of base per kg of body weight per day) with weekly chloroquine (300 mg of base one time per week) for malaria prophylaxis, The study took place in Irian Jaya, Indonesia, from July 1994 to August 1995 and enrolled 129 Javanese men with normal glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase function. Tests for lymphocyte function and subset composition were conducted blindly on a cross-section of subjects during weeks 10 (n = 42) and 48 (n = 72) of supervised prophylaxis. Lymphocyte function, measured as the proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to a panel of mitogens (pokeweed mitogen, phytohemagglutinin, and concanavalin A) and antigens (purified protein derivative of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Clostridium tetani toroid) and expressed as a stimulation index, allowed for statistical comparison between groups and sampling times, The lymphocyte subset composition for each group and time point was based on flow cytometry profiling, and the results were expressed as the mean percentages of CD3 (total T cells), CD19 (total B cells), CD4(+) (T-helper and inducer cells), and CD8(+) (T suppressor and cytotoxic cells), CD3/CD16(+) CD56 (natural killer cells), CD3/anti-HLA-DR (activated T cells) cells and the CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratios. Lymphocyte stimulation indices were statistically comparable among the placebo, primaquine, and chloroquine groups at both time points, although the primaquine group was distinguished by having repeatedly greater proportions of subjects with high (>3.0) stimulation indices. The lymphocyte subset profiles of these groups at both time points were also similar and undistorted relative to those of healthy reference populations matched for age, sex, and ethnicity, The results provide quantitative support for the safety of daily primaquine prophylaxis. C1 USN,MED RES UNIT 2,JAKARTA,INDONESIA. NATL INST HLTH RES & DEV,INFECT DIS RES CTR,JAKARTA,INDONESIA. PROV HLTH SERV,IRIAN JAYA,INDONESIA. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD. NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 40 IS 12 BP 2737 EP 2742 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VW221 UT WOS:A1996VW22100012 PM 9124832 ER PT J AU Buffington, A Jackson, BV Korendyke, CM AF Buffington, A Jackson, BV Korendyke, CM TI Wide-angle stray-light reduction for a spaceborne optical hemispherical imager SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID HELIOS SPACECRAFT; MASS EJECTIONS; PHOTOMETERS AB We describe a simple visible-light stray-background-reducing baffle, suitable for use on a stabilized interplanetary platform. The design is a corrallike enclosure with five concentric walls. The baffle reduces direct sunlight and reflections from illuminated portions of the spacecraft by a factor of 10(-12), provided that all these lie beyond at least a hemisphere centered on the viewing aperture. With this condition these bright sources do not directly illuminate within the outermost wall of the corral, and diffraction over the wall tops is the dominant mechanism by which light reaches the corral interior. We present design calculations for such a corral, as well as a laboratory measurement confirming the basic design assumption. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Buffington, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE SCI,MS 0111,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 13 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 34 BP 6669 EP 6673 DI 10.1364/AO.35.006669 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA VV321 UT WOS:A1996VV32100006 PM 21151246 ER PT J AU Krech, JH RosePehrsson, SL AF Krech, JH RosePehrsson, SL TI Effect of chlorinated hydrocarbons on the fluorescence emission spectra of 1,3-bis-(1-pyrene) propane in solutions and poly(vinyl alcohol) films SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE fluorescence; excimer; exciplex; sensor ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; VIBRONIC BAND INTENSITIES; DODECYL-SULFATE MICELLES; INTRA-MOLECULAR EXCIMER; PREFERENTIAL SOLVATION; SPECTROCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS; INTRAMOLECULAR EXCIMERS; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; SOLVENT POLARITIES; PY SCALE AB This paper reports on our investigation of 1,3-bis-(1-pyrene)propane (bpp) as a potential probe for chlorinated hydrocarbons. Changes in the emission spectra of bpp in methanol solutions, upon addition of methylene chloride, chloroform, or carbon tetrachloride, are described. Dramatic changes in the emission spectrum were noted for CCl4, compared to the other additives. These effects are explained by the preferential solvation of bpp by CCl4 and the formation of an excited-state complex (exciplex), leading to quenching of the excimer emission and, ultimately, the monomer emission. When solutions of bpp in the neat chlorinated hydrocarbons were exposed over time to 350-nm light, changes in the emission spectrum were noted for all solvents. Changes in both the excitation and emission spectra of bpp in CCl4 are related to exciplex formation, leading to irreversible formation of photochemical products. Poly(vinyl alcohol) films containing bpp were exposed to CH2Cl2, CHCl3 or CCl4 vapors, and trends consistent with the solution study were observed. A rapid decrease in bpp excimer emission, upon exposure to CCl4 vapors, was observed. The effects of CCl4 in air and argon atmospheres on the bpp/PVA films were also investigated, with oxygen quenching limiting the ability of this system to detect low concentrations of CCl4. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 50 IS 12 BP 1528 EP 1534 DI 10.1366/0003702963904494 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA WC315 UT WOS:A1996WC31500010 ER PT J AU Abenheim, D AF Abenheim, D TI Alliance within the alliance: Franco-German military cooperation and the European pillar of defense - Haglund,DG SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review RP Abenheim, D (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT NATL SECUR AFFAIRS,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI NEW BRUNSWICK PA DEPT 3091 RUTGERS-THE STATE UNIV OF NJ, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 23 IS 2 BP 303 EP 305 DI 10.1177/0095327X9602300213 PG 3 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA WK860 UT WOS:A1996WK86000012 ER PT J AU Eitelberg, MJ AF Eitelberg, MJ TI Gays and lesbians in the military: Issues, concerns, and contrasts - Scott,WJ, Stanley,SC SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review RP Eitelberg, MJ (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT SYST MANAGEMENT,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI NEW BRUNSWICK PA DEPT 3091 RUTGERS-THE STATE UNIV OF NJ, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 22 IS 2 BP 314 EP 316 PG 3 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA TX185 UT WOS:A1996TX18500013 ER PT J AU Cullison, TR Muldoon, MP Gorman, JD Goff, WB AF Cullison, TR Muldoon, MP Gorman, JD Goff, WB TI The incidence of deep venous thrombosis in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction SO ARTHROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 61st Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Orthopaedic-Surgeons CY FEB 24-28, 1994 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Acad Orthopaed Surgeons DE anterior cruciate ligament; deep vein thrombosis; ultrasonography; pulmonary embolus ID VEIN THROMBOSIS; COMPLICATIONS; VENOGRAPHY; LEG AB We prospectively studied the incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. A total of 67 male patients (aged 19 to 39 years) were examined by compression ultrasonography to determine the presence of DVT in the operated extremity. All patients were studied preoperatively and 2 to 3 days postoperatively. The area of examination was from popliteal vein to inguinal ligament; no DVT prophylaxis was used. No patient had clotting preoperatively. The incidence of DVT was 1 in 67. One patient had an asymptomatic noncompressible lesion in the proximal femoral vein on postoperative day 3; repeat examination at day 10 was normal. Unless other risk factors are present, we do not recommend routine prophylaxis for male patients younger than 40 years of age who are undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. C1 USN,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,NAVAL MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. USN,DEPT RADIOL,NAVAL MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Cullison, TR (reprint author), USN,DEPT CLIN INVEST,NAVAL MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 20 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0749-8063 J9 ARTHROSCOPY JI Arthroscopy PD DEC PY 1996 VL 12 IS 6 BP 657 EP 659 DI 10.1016/S0749-8063(96)90166-8 PG 3 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA VZ368 UT WOS:A1996VZ36800003 PM 9115551 ER PT J AU Waltman, EB Foster, RS Pooley, GG Fender, RP Ghigo, FD AF Waltman, EB Foster, RS Pooley, GG Fender, RP Ghigo, FD TI Quenched radio emission in Cygnus X-3 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID EARLY-TYPE STARS; VLBI OBSERVATIONS; MASS-TRANSFER; 8.3 GHZ; OUTBURSTS; MILLIMETER; COMPANION; WINDS; STATE AB Flux density measurements for the x-ray binary Cygnus X-3 obtained at 15 GHz with the Ryle Telescope during 1994-1995 are compared with flux densities at 2.25 and 8.3 GHz obtained with the NRL-Green Bank Interferometer. The Ryle Telescope measured lower quenched radio flux densities at 15 GHz than those reported at 2.25 and 8.3 GHz prior to the 1994 February outburst. The time scales observed for the delay of small flare peak flux densities at lower frequencies sets limits on opacity in a spherically symmetric stellar wind. The upper-limit for the mass-loss rate (M over dot similar to 1.0X10(-5) M./yr) is close to the dynamical mass-loss rate for a 10 M. Wolf-Rayet star and 1.4 M. compact companion. A higher mass-loss rate (M over dot 2.0X10(-5) M./yr) may occur either if the wind is very hot (3.5X10(5) K), or if it is cool (less than or equal to 10,000 K) and partially ionized. Time scales observed for the onset of quenched radio emission support a model in which particle injection into the radio jet is suppressed. (C) 1996 American Astronomical Society. C1 CAVENDISH LAB,MULLARD RADIO ASTRON OBSERV,CAMBRIDGE CB3 0HE,ENGLAND. UNIV SUSSEX,CTR ASTRON,BRIGHTON BN1 9QH,E SUSSEX,ENGLAND. NATL RADIO ASTRON OBSERV,GREEN BANK,WV 24944. RP Waltman, EB (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,CODE 7210,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 40 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 112 IS 6 BP 2690 EP 2698 DI 10.1086/118213 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VX174 UT WOS:A1996VX17400024 ER PT J AU Goldstein, BE Neugebauer, M Phillips, JL Bame, S Gosling, JT McComas, D Wang, YM Sheeley, NR Suess, ST AF Goldstein, BE Neugebauer, M Phillips, JL Bame, S Gosling, JT McComas, D Wang, YM Sheeley, NR Suess, ST TI Ulysses plasma parameters: Latitudinal, radial, and temporal variations SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Sun: solar wind; interplanetary medium ID SOLAR-WIND; HELIOGRAPHIC LATITUDES; SCAN AB Observations by the Ulysses SWOOPS plasma experiment are used to investigate spatial and temporal gradients during the mission, with emphasis on more recent high latitude observations including the recent South Pole to North Pole passage during solar minimum. Compared to lower latitudes, the high latitude solar wind had higher average speed, proton temperature, and momentum flux, and lower number flux density. As the average momentum flux observed in the high speed wind was 21% greater than at the equator, during solar minimum the distance to the heliopause will be comparatively less in the solar equatorial plane than over the poles. The long term temporal gradients of momentum flux over the life of the mission are considerably larger than the latitudinal gradient observed by Ulysses during solar minimum. A modest North-South high latitude asymmetry is observed in the plasma parameters; the velocity is on the average 13 km/s to 24 km/s greater at Northern latitudes than at Southern, and temperature is also higher. The North-South temperature asymmetry is greater than can be explained by the North-South velocity difference and the dependence of solar wind temperature upon speed. The power law dependence of temperature on heliocentric distance, r, at high latitudes is in range r(-0.81to-1.03), where r(-0.81) is the Southern latitude result and r(-1.03) the Northern. The parameter T/n(1/2), where T is temperature and n is proton number density, can be better predicted from speed than can temperature alone. Comparison with calculations based on source models and magnetograph data indicate that the expansion of open coronal field lines close to the Sun was greater in the Southern hemisphere than in the Northern; this anticorrelation with the expansion factor is consistent with previous observational and theoretical work. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NASA, GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR, HUNTSVILLE, AL 35801 USA. RP CALTECH, JET PROP LAB, 4800 OAK GROVE DR, PASADENA, CA 91109 USA. NR 25 TC 113 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 5 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 316 IS 2 BP 296 EP 303 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WH396 UT WOS:A1996WH39600004 ER PT J AU Feldman, WC Barraclough, BL Phillips, JL Wang, YM AF Feldman, WC Barraclough, BL Phillips, JL Wang, YM TI Constraints on high-speed solar wind structure near its coronal base: A Ulysses perspective SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE solar wind; Sun: corona ID PLASMA OBSERVATIONS; TRANSITION REGION; HELIUM ABUNDANCE; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ALFVEN WAVES; ENERGY-FLOW; QUIET SUN; DIFFUSION; MODEL; FLUX AB Ulysses plasma data at high heliographic latitudes were studied to develop constraints on the structure of the corona at the base of the high-speed solar wind. Salient features of the flow poleward of +/-60 degrees revealed: 1) low variances of all bulk flow parameters, 2) parameter values that agree with those measured during high-speed conditions in the ecliptic plane when all are scaled to 1 AU, 3) the continuous presence of two interpenetrating proton streams that are not resolved in velocity space, 4) a single alpha-particle beam that travels at a speed that is close to the local Alfven speed faster than the primary proton beam, 5) a proton temperature that is a factor of 2.4 times that of the electrons, and 6) a constant helium abundance that averages 4.4%, about half that inferred from helioseismic data in the solar convection zone. These data are combined with a host of other remote-sensing solar data and solar wind data to develop support for a model of a well-mixed solar atmosphere that is driven by reconnection-generated plasma-jet transients. In this model, acceleration of the solar wind to its terminal speed is complete within a heliocentric distance of about 5 R(s). C1 USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, MS D466, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 64 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 316 IS 2 BP 355 EP 367 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WH396 UT WOS:A1996WH39600012 ER PT J AU Barret, D Grindlay, JE Strickman, M Vedrenne, G AF Barret, D Grindlay, JE Strickman, M Vedrenne, G TI CGRO/OSSE observations of the X-ray burster 4U 1915-05 (XB 1916-053) SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE X-rays, stars; stars, individual 4U 1915-05; gamma-rays, observations, stars, neutron ID DISCOVERY AB The X-ray burster 4U 1915-05 was observed from January 24, 1995 through February 14, 1995 by the OSSE experiment aboard the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory. While previous 1-30 keV observations suggested that 4U 1915-05 could be easily detectable by OSSE, no hard X-ray emission was detected, and stringent upper limits have been derived. The upper Limits are 1.4 10(-4) photons cm(-2) s(-1) and 6.5 10(-5) photons cm(-2) s(-1) in the 50-98 keV and 98-158 keV bands, respectively. This translates into luminosity limits of 1.4 10(35) ergs s(-1) and 1.7 10(35) ergs s(-1) assuming a source distance of 9.3 kpc. Based on the existing data, we define three distinct X-ray spectral states associated with three distinct intensity states of the source: high/very soft state, an intermediate/hard state and a low/(possibly) soft state with 1-37 keV X-ray luminosities of 1.2 10(37), 6 - 7 10(36) and 3 10(36) ergs s(-1), respectively. For these three states we have converted the OSSE upper limits into upper limits on any energy cutoff present in the X-ray to hard X-ray source spectrum. These upper limits range from similar to 10 keV up to 50 keV depending on source the intensity and spectral shape assumed. We found that they are consistent with the source being either in the high state or low state at the time of the OSSE observations. For the high state, the OSSE upper limits imply that less than similar to 4% of the total luminosity is radiated in the hard X-ray band. On the other hand, the source should have been detected in its intermediate state if the cutoff energy, as inferred from Ginga observations, is indeed larger than similar to 50 keV. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Barret, D (reprint author), CTR ETUD SPATIALE RAYONNEMENTS,CNRS,UPS,9 AV COLONEL ROCHE,BP 4346,TOULOUSE,FRANCE. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C269 EP C273 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300060 ER PT J AU deJager, OC Harding, AK Sreekumar, P Strickman, M AF deJager, OC Harding, AK Sreekumar, P Strickman, M TI The Crab and Vela gamma ray nebulae SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE ISM, individual objects, Crab nebula and Vela SNR; ISM, magnetic fields; gamma rays, observations; gamma rays, theory ID SUPERNOVA REMNANT; HIGH-ENERGY; PULSAR AB COMPTEL/EGRET observations of the Crab unpulsed component indicates that the 1-150 MeV emission is variable with a photon spectrum of the form similar to E(-1.7) exp(-E/25 MeV), which does not connect smoothly with the spectrum outside this interval. This hints at an independent synchrotron emission feature in the Crab Nebula. The flux in the 0.3 - 10 GeV interval is a factor similar to 3 larger than the predicted inverse Compton flux, which indicates that the field in the outer nebula decreases faster than predicted by MHD flow soultions. The OSSE detection of the Vela SNR is (spectrally) consistent with emission from the 1' radius compact nebula. The EGRET upper limit constrains the maximum particle energy in this compact nebula to values below the full polar cap potential drop. However, inverse Compton emission from the Vela X radio nebula is also expected in the EGRET range, leading to a constraint on the radio break frequency and nebular magnetic field strength. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. POTCHEFSTROOM UNIV CHRISTIAN HIGHER EDUC,SPACE RES UNIT,ZA-2520 POTCHEFSTROOM,SOUTH AFRICA. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RI Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012 NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C441 EP C444 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300097 ER PT J AU Dixon, DD Johnson, WN Kurfess, JD Pina, RK Puetter, RC Purcell, WR Tumer, TO Wheaton, WA Zych, AD AF Dixon, DD Johnson, WN Kurfess, JD Pina, RK Puetter, RC Purcell, WR Tumer, TO Wheaton, WA Zych, AD TI Pixon-based deconvolution SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE gamma rays, observations; methods, data analysis; techniques, image processing AB We describe a new technique, pixon-based deconvolution, for the reconstruction of images and spectra from low signal-to-noise data. In ''traditional'' techniques, such as Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Maximum Entropy (ME), the model parameters (e.g., pixel size) are considered ''nuisance parameters'', and generally held fixed in the course of deconvolution. Pixon techniques allow the model parameters to change according to the information contained in the data. The pixon model admits only that level of detail which is statistically justified by the data, thus greatly reducing the production of spurious sources and signal correlated residuals, common problems in ML and ME reconstructions. As a result, gains in sensitivity and spatial/energy resolution may be realized. Sample applications to data from OSSE and COMPTEL will be presented. C1 USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE SCI,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL 60208. CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYS GRP,PASADENA,CA 91109. RP Dixon, DD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521, USA. RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C683 EP C686 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300154 ER PT J AU Harris, MJ Purcell, WR Grabelsky, DA Johnson, WN Jung, GV Kinzer, RL Kurfess, JD McNaronBrown, K Strickman, MS Ulmer, MP AF Harris, MJ Purcell, WR Grabelsky, DA Johnson, WN Jung, GV Kinzer, RL Kurfess, JD McNaronBrown, K Strickman, MS Ulmer, MP TI Search for nucleosynthetic and cosmic-ray induced gamma-ray lines from the Galactic plane SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; ISM, cosmic rays; Galaxy, abundances; gamma-rays, observations ID LIMITS; AL-26; FE-60 AB We have combined all OSSE spectra of the central radian of the Galaxy obtained through the end of 1994. These data have been searched for evidence of diffuse emission of nucleosynthetic gamma-ray lines (Na-22, 1.275 MeV: Fe-60, 1.17 and 1.33 MeV) and cosmic-ray induced gamma-ray lines (de-excitation of C-12*, 4.44 MeV, and of O-16*, 6.13 MeV). We have looked in detail at possible systematic errors in the line measurements. Our preliminary results show no evidence for the presence of either broad or narrow cosmic-ray induced lines, nor for emission from Na-22, down to 3 sigma upper limits similar or equal to 2 10(-4)gamma/(cm(2)-sec-rad). We find weak evidence (approximate to 2 sigma) of Fe-60 line emission from positive Galactic longitudes in the central radian. C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL 60208. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. GEORGE MASON UNIV,PHYS CSI,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. RP Harris, MJ (reprint author), UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC,300 D ST SW,SUITE 801,WASHINGTON,DC 20024, USA. RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C343 EP C347 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300077 ER PT J AU Kinzer, RL Purcell, WR Johnson, WN Kurfess, JD Jung, G Skibo, J AF Kinzer, RL Purcell, WR Johnson, WN Kurfess, JD Jung, G Skibo, J TI OSSE observations of positron annihilation in the Galactic plane SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE Galaxy, structure; Galaxy, center; gamma rays, observations ID INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; RADIATION; FRACTION; AL-26 AB OSSE has measured the galactic longitude distribution of both the 511 keV annihilation line radiation and the three-photon positronium continuum within similar to 40 degrees of the center. They have similar shapes, with a composite longitude distribution well represented by an similar to 11 degrees FWHM Gaussian central bulge together with a possible broad disk component comprising as much as 15% of the integral flux between 40 degrees and 320 degrees longitude. Contributions from one or more discrete source(s) at or near the center with total annihilation radiation (line plus continuum) intensities of up to similar to 4 10(-4) photons cm(-2) s(-1) (2 sigma upper limit) are compatible with the observed distribution. The best estimate of the positronium fraction is 0.97 +/-0.03. No evidence for variation in the positronium fraction is observed. C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, EVANSTON, IL 60208 USA. UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC, WASHINGTON, DC 20024 USA. RP USN, RES LAB, CODE 7650, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C317 EP C320 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300071 ER PT J AU Kroeger, RA Strickman, MS Grove, JE Kaaret, P Ford, E Harmon, BA McConnell, M AF Kroeger, RA Strickman, MS Grove, JE Kaaret, P Ford, E Harmon, BA McConnell, M TI Gamma-ray observations of GRO J1655-40 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE X-rays, stars; stars, individual, GRO J1655-40; gamma rays, observations ID NOVA; COMPTONIZATION; MUSCA; LINE AB The bright transient X-ray source GRO J1655-40 = XN Sco 1994 was observed by the OSSE instrument on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (GRO). Preliminary results are reported here. The initial outburst from GRO J1655-40 was detected by BATSE on 27 Jul 1994. OSSE observations were made in five separate viewing periods starting between 4 Aug 1994 and 4 Apr 1995. The first, third, and fifth observations are near the peak luminosity. In the second observation, the source flux had dropped by several orders of magnitude and we can only set an upper limit. The fourth observation is a weak detection after the period of maximum outburst. In contrast with other X-ray novae such as GRO J0422 + 32, the spectrum determined by OSSE is consistent with a simple power law over the full range of detection, about 50 - 600 keV. The photon spectral index is in the range of -2.5 to -2.8 in all of the observations. We set an upper limit on fractional rms variation of <5% in the frequency range 0.01 - 60 Hz. No significant narrow or broad line features are observed at any energy. C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY. NASA,GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35812. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE,DURHAM,NH 03824. RP Kroeger, RA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7650,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C117 EP C120 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300023 ER PT J AU Kunz, M Kendziorra, E Kretschmar, P Maisack, M Staubert, R Ulmer, MP Kurfess, JD Wilson, RB AF Kunz, M Kendziorra, E Kretschmar, P Maisack, M Staubert, R Ulmer, MP Kurfess, JD Wilson, RB TI OSSE observations of Hercules X-1 during the main-on state SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE pulsars, individual, Her X-1; X-rays, stars ID RAY AB The binary X-ray pulsar Her X-1 has been observed by CGRO-OSSE during its Main-On state in July 1994. The average pulse period is determined. Main-On pulse profiles in the 30-60 keV range for successive binary orbits are compatible with a constant pulse width. A thin thermal bremsstrahlung spectrum is fitted to the phase average data, yielding kT = 15(1) keV. C1 INST ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,D-72076 TUBINGEN,GERMANY. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NASA,GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35812. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C233 EP C234 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300051 ER PT J AU Kurfess, JD AF Kurfess, JD TI Key results from the Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE gamma rays, observations; the Galaxy, center; stars, neutron; galaxies, active; stars, supernovae, general; stars, binaries, close ID HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; GALACTIC-CENTER; OSSE OBSERVATIONS; ANNIHILATION LINE; X-RAYS; RADIATION; SPECTRA; JET; COMPTONIZATION AB Key results obtained by the OSSE instrument during the first four years of the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory mission are presented. OSSE has undertaken extended observations of the gamma ray emission from the galactic center region and found the positron annihilation radiation to be consistent with a two-component model: a spheroidal component located at the galactic center and a weaker galactic disk component. Simultaneous observations with the SIGMA imaging instrument have provided the first low-energy gamma ray spectrum of the diffuse continuum emission from the galactic center region. Results on galactic sources include the spectral observations of two new rotation-powered pulsars, PSR 1509-58 and Vela, the discovery of 110 keV cyclotron emission from the Be X-ray binary A0535+26, and the discovery that galactic black hole transients have two spectral classes: thermal and power-law. Extragalactic sources also have two spectral classes. Seyfert galaxies are typified by thermal spectral with exponential cutoffs from 50 to several hundred keV, while blazars exhibit power-law spectra that extend into the EGRET energy range. Blazar spectra also often have a spectral break in the MeV region. OSSE has also obtained several observations of supernovae, including the first detection of Co-57 from SN 1987A, hard X-ray emission from a shock-heated pre-SN wind in SN 1993J, and upper limits for Ti-44 and Co-56 emission from Cas A and SN 1991T resp. Finally, recent observations to confirm the COMPTEL observation of 4.4 and 6.1 MeV line emission from the Orion region have provided only upper limits, thereby placing constraints on the intensity and/or distribution of the emission. RP Kurfess, JD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C5 EP C12 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300003 ER PT J AU Maisack, M Grove, JE Johnson, WN Jung, GV Kendziorra, E Kinzer, RL Kretschmar, P Kurfess, JD Starr, CH Staubert, R Strickman, MS AF Maisack, M Grove, JE Johnson, WN Jung, GV Kendziorra, E Kinzer, RL Kretschmar, P Kurfess, JD Starr, CH Staubert, R Strickman, MS TI Pulse shape analysis and spectroscopy of A 0535+26 during its 1994 outburst SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE stars, magnetic fields; stars, neutron; gamma rays, observations; X-rays, stars; stars, A 0535+26 AB The Be X-ray binary A 0535+26 was observed by OSSE on CGRO during a giant outburst in February 1994. Grove et al. (1995) detected a cyclotron absorption feature at 110 keV in the pulse phase averaged spectrum. In this paper, we present the analysis of the dependence of the pulse shape on energy and intensity, and discuss the development of the pulse averaged spectral shape during the observation. C1 USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC,WASHINGTON,DC 20024. RP Maisack, M (reprint author), UNIV TUBINGEN,INST ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,ABT ASTRON,D-72076 TUBINGEN,GERMANY. RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C179 EP C182 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300038 ER PT J AU Mattox, JR Koh, DT Lamb, RC Macomb, DJ Prince, TA Ray, PS AF Mattox, JR Koh, DT Lamb, RC Macomb, DJ Prince, TA Ray, PS TI A search for radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsars in the EGRET data SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE pulsars, general; gamma-rays, observations ID GEMINGA AB We are searching for radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsars among the brightest unidentified EGRET point sources. This investigation utilizes the computational resources of the Center for Advanced Computing Research at Caltech to compute Gigapoint power spectra. Multiple frequency derivatives are searched by accelerating event times before computing the Fourier transform. We demonstrate that such a search detects the pulsation of radio-quiet Geminga with 10(-12) significance directly from 6 days of EGRET data. The remaining unidentified EGRET sources have substantially less signal to noise to support a periodicity search, but can be detected with similar to 3 weeks of exposure if the pulsar lightcurve has sufficient harmonic content. Only upper limits have been obtained to date. We demonstrate that the error in transforming EGRET event times to the solar system barycenter caused by the inaccuracy of the EGRET position results in a detection at a frequency and frequency derivative different from the true values, but harmonic power is not lost. C1 CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125. IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES,IA 50011. GSFC,GRO SCI SUPPORT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Mattox, JR (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ASTRON,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C95 EP C98 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300017 ER PT J AU Matz, SM Fender, RP Burnell, SJB Grove, JE Strickman, MS AF Matz, SM Fender, RP Burnell, SJB Grove, JE Strickman, MS TI Hard X-ray and IR observations of Cygnus X-3 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE stars; Cygnus X-3; X-rays, stars; infrared, stars ID LIGHT-CURVE; EPHEMERIS AB In 1994 June-July we obtained nearly concurrent measurements of Cyg X-3 in hard X-rays and the infrared, using the OSSE instrument on GRO and the UKIRT. OSSE made a high significance measurement of the hard X-ray (> 50 keV) orbital light curve. Five days after the end of the OSSE observations we obtained a good IR K-band Light curve from data covering one orbit of Cyg X-3. Measurements of the light curve phase and shape probe the geometry of the system and the physics of radiation production and scattering. We determined for the first time that the light curve phases are consistent at these two different wavelengths. The light curve shapes were both marginally inconsistent (at about the 0.2% level) with the canonical soft X-ray shape measured by EXOSAT in 1983-1985. Underlying variations in DC IR flux and flaring during the observation make it difficult to draw unambiguous conclusions; more observations, with better IR coverage, are needed. C1 OPEN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,MILTON KEYNES MK7 6AA,BUCKS,ENGLAND. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Matz, SM (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,DEARBORN OBSERV,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C235 EP C238 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300052 ER PT J AU Mause, H Dermer, CD Schlickeiser, R AF Mause, H Dermer, CD Schlickeiser, R TI Temporal variability of high-energy emission from jet sources SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE galaxies, nuclei; galaxies, active; black hole physics; galaxies, jets; gamma rays, theory ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; TIDAL DISRUPTION; BLACK-HOLES; STARS; ACCRETION; GALAXIES AB We consider a model for transient high-energy gamma-ray emission arising from hot-spot formation in an accretion disk surrounding massive black holes. The high energy radiation is produced by relativistic electrons in the comoving fluid frame which Compton scatter external soft photons from the accretion-disk hot spot. The time-variable gamma radiation may account for flaring events from extragalactic sources of high-energy radiation. C1 MAX PLANCK INST RADIOASTRON,D-53010 BONN,GERMANY. USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C525 EP C528 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300116 ER PT J AU Much, R Harmon, BA Nolan, P Strickman, MS Bennett, K Buccheri, R Diehl, R Fierro, JM Fishman, GJ Grabelsky, DA Grove, JE Hermsen, W Johnson, WN Jung, GV Kinzer, RL Kroeger, RA Kuiper, L Kurfess, JD Lichti, GG Matz, SM McConnell, M Paciesas, WS Purcell, WR Ryan, J Schonfelder, V Steinle, H Strong, A Thompson, DJ Ulmer, MP Varendorff, M Wilson, CA Wilson, RB AF Much, R Harmon, BA Nolan, P Strickman, MS Bennett, K Buccheri, R Diehl, R Fierro, JM Fishman, GJ Grabelsky, DA Grove, JE Hermsen, W Johnson, WN Jung, GV Kinzer, RL Kroeger, RA Kuiper, L Kurfess, JD Lichti, GG Matz, SM McConnell, M Paciesas, WS Purcell, WR Ryan, J Schonfelder, V Steinle, H Strong, A Thompson, DJ Ulmer, MP Varendorff, M Wilson, CA Wilson, RB TI The Crab total gamma-ray emission as seen by CGRO SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE gamma rays, observations; ISM, Crab nebula ID PULSARS AB The Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory has completed 4 years of observations comprising a full-sky survey and several deep pointings. The Crab is one of the strongest perma- nent sources in the CGRO energy range (20 keV to 10 GeV). Its total (pulsed and unpulsed) emission is often used as a calibration standard. We present the results of an analysis of data from all four CGRO instruments obtained during contemporaneous Crab observations made during Phase I, II and III between 1991 and 1994. Emphasis is given to the cross-calibration of the four CGRO instruments. C1 MAX PLANCK INST EXTRATERR PHYS,D-85740 GARCHING,GERMANY. SRON,NL-3584 CA UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE,CTR SPACE SCI,DURHAM,NH 03857. CNR,IFCAI,I-90139 PALERMO,ITALY. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL 60208. UNIV SPACE RES ASSOCIATES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. STANFORD UNIV,HANSEN EXPT PHYS LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. NASA,GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR ES84,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35812. UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT PHYS,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899. RP Much, R (reprint author), EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY,ESTEC,DIV ASTROPHYS,NL-2200 AG NOORDWIJK,NETHERLANDS. RI Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 OI Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C703 EP C706 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300159 ER PT J AU Phlips, BF Jung, GV Leising, MD Grove, JE Johnson, WN Kinzer, RL Kroeger, RA Kurfess, JD Strickman, MS Grabelsky, DA Matz, SM Purcell, WR Ulmer, MP McNaronBrown, K AF Phlips, BF Jung, GV Leising, MD Grove, JE Johnson, WN Kinzer, RL Kroeger, RA Kurfess, JD Strickman, MS Grabelsky, DA Matz, SM Purcell, WR Ulmer, MP McNaronBrown, K TI Gamma ray observations of Cygnus X-1 with OSSE SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE gamma rays, observations; stars, individual, Cyg X-1; black hole physics ID SPECTRUM AB We report on similar to 120 days of observations of Cygnus X-1 with OSSE onboard the Compton Observatory. Emission is detected in the range 50 keV to 1 MeV, and we find evidence for a continuum of hard X-ray spectra over a broad range of fluxes rather than the existence of distinct flux states. Comparisons of the source spectra with various theoretical models show that an exponentially truncated power law best describes the average spectrum in the OSSE energy band. Although we have measured a new minimum in the hard X-ray flux from the source, no evidence was found for either a broad 1 MeV feature or a narrow 511 keV line previously reported in association with a low flux state. Upper limits on such emission features are an order of magnitude lower than earlier reported detections. The 5.6-day periodicity of the source measured at optical wavelengths was not detected with a sensitivity to the rms modulation fraction of 5% in the 60-140 keV energy band. C1 CLEMSON UNIV,CLEMSON,SC. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL. GEORGE MASON UNIV,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. RP Phlips, BF (reprint author), UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C155 EP C158 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300032 ER PT J AU Purcell, WR Bouchet, L Johnson, WN Jung, G Kinzer, RL Kurfess, JD Mandrou, P Roques, JP Skibo, JG Vedrenne, G AF Purcell, WR Bouchet, L Johnson, WN Jung, G Kinzer, RL Kurfess, JD Mandrou, P Roques, JP Skibo, JG Vedrenne, G TI Diffuse galactic gamma-ray continuum SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE gamma rays, observations; ISM, cosmic rays; Galaxy, center AB Coordinated observations of the galactic center region using the imaging SIGMA instrument and the high-sensitivity OSSE instrument were performed to separate the compact source contributions from the diffuse component. The resulting compact-source corrected spectrum of the galactic center region is found to be similar in both intensity and spectral index to the spectra obtained from OSSE observations of the galactic plane at l = 25 degrees and 339 degrees, suggesting that the spatial distribution of the emission is broad and nearly flat in galactic longitude. At energies below similar to 100 keV, the observed spectrum is found to be softer and more intense than predicted by theoretical models. The observed low energy continuum may be either diffuse in origin, or due to multiple unresolved X-ray sources below the SIGMA detection threshold. C1 CTR ETUD SPATIALE RAYONNEMENTS,TOULOUSE,FRANCE. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC,WASHINGTON,DC. RP Purcell, WR (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C389 EP C392 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300086 ER PT J AU Skibo, JG Ramaty, R Purcell, WR AF Skibo, JG Ramaty, R Purcell, WR TI Implications of the diffuse galactic continuum SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE gamma-rays, observations; ISM, cosmic rays, general ID X-RAY-SPECTRA; EMISSION; NUCLEI AB Observations made with Ginga, OSSE and COMPTEL provide evidence that the diffuse galactic continuum emission extends down to similar to 10 keV, and that the spectrum steepens below about several hundred keV. If this emission is electron bremsstrahlung, then a very large power (similar to 10(43) erg s(-1)) is required to maintain the electrons against energy losses to the interstellar medium. This exceeds by an order of magnitude the total power provided by galactic supernovae. We suggest that this power might be derived from the gravitational potential released on the passage of the ISM through galactic spiral arm compressions. Alternatively, the hard X-ray galactic continuum could be the superposition of unresolved point sources such as accreting neutron stars or black holes. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYS LAB,GREENBELT,MD 20771. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL 60308. RP Skibo, JG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,CODE 7653,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C403 EP C406 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300089 ER PT J AU Steele, IA Coe, MJ Fabregat, J Marti, J Paredes, JM Strickman, M Tavani, M AF Steele, IA Coe, MJ Fabregat, J Marti, J Paredes, JM Strickman, M Tavani, M TI Multiwavelength observations of the X-ray binary LSI +61 degrees 303 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE stars, LSI +61 degrees 303; stars, emission line, Be; radio continuum, stars; X-ray, stars ID STAR; LSI+61-DEGREES-303; OUTBURST; SPECTRA; RADIO AB We present optical spectroscopy and infrared photometry of the Be/X-ray binary system LSI+61 degrees 303 obtained simultaneously with the radio and high-energy observations reported elsewhere in these proceedings. Whilst the observations do not cover a sufficiently long timebase to disentangle uncorrelated and correlated behaviour, we do find evidence for variations in both the Palmer hydrogen line emission and infrared photometry from night to night during the observations. C1 UNIV VALENCIA,DEPT ASTRON,BURJASSOT 46100,SPAIN. UNIV BARCELONA,DEPT ASTRON & METEOROL,E-08028 BARCELONA,SPAIN. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,NEW YORK,NY 10027. RP Steele, IA (reprint author), UNIV SOUTHAMPTON,DEPT PHYS,SOUTHAMPTON SO17 1BJ,HANTS,ENGLAND. RI Fabregat, Juan/F-9066-2016 OI Fabregat, Juan/0000-0002-5986-9347 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C213 EP C216 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300046 ER PT J AU Strickman, M deJager, O Harding, A AF Strickman, M deJager, O Harding, A TI OSSE detection of the Vela synchrotron nebula SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE gamma rays, observations; ISM, individual objects, Vela SNR; ISM, supernova remnants ID X-RAY NEBULA; SUPERNOVA REMNANT; PULSAR AB We report on the detection of low energy gamma-rays from the Vela Supernova remnant at the similar to 9 sigma level with the OSSE instrument on CGRO during an observation from 31 August to 20 September 1994. The source has a power law photon spectral index of similar to -1.6 +/- 0.3 in the energy range similar to 0.06 MeV to similar to 0.4 MeV. Contamination by the galactic plane was found to be insignificant. This spectrum is perfectly consistent with an extrapolation of the E(-1.7) spectrum of the similar to 1' radius compact nebula surrounding the Vela Pulsar, as seen between 0.1-25 keV with imaging instruments. C1 POTCHEFSTROOM UNIV CHRISTIAN HIGHER EDUC,DEPT PHYS,SPACE RES UNIT,ZA-2520 POTCHEFSTROOM,SOUTH AFRICA. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. RP Strickman, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7650,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C449 EP C452 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300099 ER PT J AU Strickman, M Skibo, J Purcell, W Barret, D Motch, C AF Strickman, M Skibo, J Purcell, W Barret, D Motch, C TI OSSE detection of the low mass X-ray binary GS 1826-24 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE X-rays, stars; stars, individual, GS 1826-24; stars, neutron AB During November 1994, the OSSE instrument on board CGRO observed the low-mass X-ray binary GS 1826-24. This source has been previously detected by Ginga and TTM, but has not been reported in the OSSE band. During this observation, OSSE detected this source at approximately 7 standard deviations significance. The resulting spectrum, after subtracting an estimate of the galactic diffuse emission contribution, is consistent with a power law with photon index similar to -3. Fit together with the Ginga spectrum, the source can be represented by an exponentially cutoff power law with a reflection term. The observed cutoff energy (similar to 58 keV) may indicate that GS 1826-24 is a neutron star system rather than a black hole candidate as previously thought. C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL. CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. OBSERV STRASBOURG,STRASBOURG,FRANCE. RP Strickman, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7650,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C217 EP C220 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300047 ER PT J AU Sturner, SJ Dermer, CD Mattox, JR AF Sturner, SJ Dermer, CD Mattox, JR TI Are supernova remnants sources of >100 MeV gamma rays? SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE interstellar medium, cosmic rays, supernova remnants; gamma-rays, observations, theory; ISM, IC 443 ID OBSERVATIONAL DATA; X-RAY; W28; IDENTIFICATION; PULSAR AB We examine the second EGRET catalog to assess whether some unidentified > 100 MeV gamma-ray sources are associated with supernova remnants (SNRs). We find that the 95% confidence error contours of 5 high confidence and 2 marginal unidentified gamma-ray sources are coincident with SNRs. The most interesting associations are with SNRs that appear to be interacting with molecular clouds, namely IC 443, gamma Cygni, and W28. We consider whether the gamma-ray emission originates from pulsars, cosmic-ray interactions or, on the basis of time variability, compact objects. We compare the gamma-ray spectrum of the source 2EG J0618+2234 associated with IC 443 with the results of a cosmic ray interaction gamma-ray production model. A power-law proton spectrum with index -2.2 plus a very soft power-law primary accelerated electron spectrum with index similar to -3.5 can reproduce the observed gamma-ray spectrum. C1 NAS,NRC,WASHINGTON,DC. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ASTRON,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP Sturner, SJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,CODE 7653,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C445 EP C448 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300098 ER PT J AU Sturner, SJ Dermer, CD AF Sturner, SJ Dermer, CD TI Statistics of gamma-ray pulsars SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE stars, neutron, pulsars; stars, kinetics; Galaxy, stellar content ID GALACTIC PLANE; RADIO PULSARS AB We use Monte Carlo methods to simulate the galactic gamma-ray pulsar population using a Compton-induced pair cascade model for gamma-ray production from pulsars. We compare the distance, period, magnetic field, age, and gamma-ray flux distributions of the simulated pulsars with those of the seven known gamma-ray pulsars and find that this model can reproduce the observed trends given a pulsar cap size between 3 and 4 times larger than the nominal polar cap size. Polar caps of this size are suggested by braking index measurements and can be explained by the presence of an equatorial disk in the pulsar magnetosphere. The integrated flux from all pulsars below the EGRET point source threshold is calculated and found to contribute to the diffuse galactic gamma-ray flux at the 5%-10% level. RP Sturner, SJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,CODE 7653,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C99 EP C102 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300018 ER PT J AU Tavani, M Hermsen, W vanDijk, R Strickman, M Zhang, SN Foster, RS Ray, PS Mattox, J Ulmer, M Purcell, W Coe, M AF Tavani, M Hermsen, W vanDijk, R Strickman, M Zhang, SN Foster, RS Ray, PS Mattox, J Ulmer, M Purcell, W Coe, M TI Monitoring the gamma-ray source 2CG 135+1 and the radio star LSI +61 degrees 303 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE gamma-rays, observations; X-rays, stars; stars, individual, LSI +61 303, 2CG 135+1 ID COS-B; LSI+61-DEGREES-303 AB We report the results of a CGRO multi-instrument series of observations of the unidentified gamma-ray source 2CG 135+1 and of its possible counterpart, the peculiar radio source GT 0236+610 coincident with the Be star LSI +61 degrees 303. Previous observations of 2CG 135+1 are consistent with a positional coincidence of the gamma-ray source with LSI +61 degrees 303. Since January 1994, we continuously monitored the time variable radio source GT 0236+610 with the Green Bank Interferometer. For the first time, gamma-ray observations of 2CG 135+1 can be correlated with an extensive database of radio observations of LSI +61 degrees 303. We present OSSE and COMPTEL data obtained during the period May-June 1994, and BATSE data for the period April 1994-January 1995. We discuss the possible time variability of the gamma-ray emission and spectral properties of 2CG 135+1. Understanding the nature of 2CG 135+1 may be of crucial importance for the interpretation of a class of unidentified and time variable gamma-ray sources in the Galaxy. C1 SRON, NL-3584 CA UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. UNIV AMSTERDAM, INST ASTRON, NL-1098 SJ AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NASA, GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR, UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC, HUNTSVILLE, AL 35812 USA. UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ASTRON, COLLEGE PK, MD 20742 USA. NORTHWESTERN UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, EVANSTON, IL 60208 USA. UNIV SOUTHAMPTON, DEPT PHYS, SOUTHAMPTON SO17 1BJ, HANTS, ENGLAND. RP COLUMBIA UNIV, COLUMBIA ASTROPHYS LAB, 538 W 120TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10027 USA. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C243 EP C248 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300054 ER PT J AU Tavani, M Grove, JE Purcell, W Hermsen, W Kuiper, L Kaaret, P Ford, E Wilson, RB Finger, M Harmon, BA Zhang, SN Mattox, J Thompson, D Arons, J AF Tavani, M Grove, JE Purcell, W Hermsen, W Kuiper, L Kaaret, P Ford, E Wilson, RB Finger, M Harmon, BA Zhang, SN Mattox, J Thompson, D Arons, J TI High-energy emission from the PSR B1259-63 system near periastron SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE gamma-ray, observations; X-ray, stars; pulsars, individual, PSR B1259-63; shock waves ID PULSAR; PSR-1259-63; STARS; RADIO AB We report the results of a CGRO multi-instrument 3-week observation of the binary system containing the 47 ms pulsar PSR B1259-63 orbiting around a Be star companion in a very eccentric orbit. The PSR B1259-63 binary is a unique system for the study of the interaction of a rapidly rotating pulsar with time-variable nebular surroundings. CGRO observed the PSR B1259-63 system in coincidence with its most recent periastron passage (January 3-23, 1994). Unpulsed and nonthermal hard X-ray emission was detected up to 200 keV, with a photon index 1.8+/-0.2 and a flux of similar to 4 mCrab, corresponding to a luminosity of a few x 10(34) erg/s at the distance of 2 kpc. The hard X-ray flux and spectrum detected by CGRO agrees with the X-ray emission measured by simultaneous ASCA observations. EGRET upper limits are significant, and exclude strong inverse Compton cooling in the PSR B1259-63 system. We interpret the observed non-thermal emission as synchrotron radiation of shocked electron/positron pairs of the relativistic pulsar wind interacting with the mass outflow from the Be star. Our results clearly indicate, for the first time in a binary pulsar, that high energy emission can be shock-powered rather than caused by accretion. Furthermore, the PSR B1259-63 system shows that shock acceleration can increase the original energy of pulsar wind particles by a factor greater than or similar to 10, despite the high synchrotron and inverse Compton cooling rates near periastron. We also present results of an extensive search for pulsed gamma-ray emission from PSR B1259-63. The lack of pulsations constrains models of gamma-ray emission from rapidly rotating pulsars. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL 60208. SRON,NL-3584 CA UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS. NASA,GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35812. NASA,GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR,UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35812. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ASTRON,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Tavani, M (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV,COLUMBIA ASTROPHYS LAB,NEW YORK,NY 10027, USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C221 EP C226 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300048 ER PT J AU The, LS Leising, MD Kurfess, JD Johnson, WN Hartmann, DH Gehrels, N Grove, JE Purcell, WR AF The, LS Leising, MD Kurfess, JD Johnson, WN Hartmann, DH Gehrels, N Grove, JE Purcell, WR TI CGRO/OSSE observations of the Cassiopeia A SNR SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Compton Symposium CY JUN 12-14, 1995 CL MUNICH, GERMANY SP Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys, Garching, Marx Planck Gesell, Deut Agentur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten, Deut Aerosp DE gamma rays, observations; ISM, individual objects, Cas A; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances ID SUPER-NOVA REMNANTS; RAY-LINE EMISSION; X-RAY; TI-44; SPECTRA; MODELS AB We present all OSSE observations to date of the Cas A supernova remnant. The objectives are to detect the Ti-44 lines, one of which has been reportedly detected by COMPTEL, and the hard X-ray continuum above 40 keV, as indicated by HEAO-A2 measurements. Our best fit flux in each of three Ti-44 lines is (+1.76 +/-(1.51)(1.48)) 10(-5) gamma cm(-2) s(-1) with chi(nu)(2) = 1.01, d.o.f.=1780. The implied Ti-44 mass of similar to 10(-4) M. is compatible with explosive nucleosynthesis calculations. OSSE detected also a continuum below 200 keV at better than 4 sigma confidence level with a flux of similar to 9 10(-4) gamma cm(-2) s(-1) MeV(-1) at 100 keV. This continuum can be fitted equally well with a power law, an exponential, or a thermal bremsstrahlung model. The implied temperature of kT approximate to 35 keV can be interpreted as the emission from the shocked circumstellar matter (CSM) by the primary blastwave of the supernova. Alternatively, the continuum can also be interpreted as bremsstrahlung from accelerated electrons that are also producing the observed radio emission. C1 USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RP The, LS (reprint author), CLEMSON UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CLEMSON,SC 29634, USA. RI Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 4 SI SI BP C357 EP C360 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC063 UT WOS:A1996WC06300080 ER PT J AU Dere, KP AF Dere, KP TI The rate of magnetic reconnection observed in the solar atmosphere SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE MHD; Sun, atmosphere; Sun, corona; Sun, magnetic fields ID POLAR CORONAL HOLES; QUIET SUN; ACTIVE REGIONS; FLUX-TUBES; FIELDS; TELESCOPE AB The structure of the solar corona is often observed to evolve in a manner that is generally attributed to the process of magnetic field line reconnection. The spatial and temporal scales for a variety of reconnection events have been examined on the basis of descriptions in the scientific literature. These events tend to fall into two general categories. In the first category, reconnection proceeds as the corona adjusts itself to the emergence of new magnetic flux. In the second category, the field lines have been explosively blown open by a hare or mass ejection, and the field lines eventually return to a more potential field configuration by means of reconnection. Estimates of the density, temperature, and magnetic field strength in the reconnection volume provide a basis on which to calculate the reconnection rate expected for resistive diffusion, tearing mode reconnection, and reconnection at the Alfven speed. The observed temporal and spatial scales of the reconnection events indicate that the rate of reconnection is on the order of 0.001-0.1 of the Alfven rate, the Alfven speed divided by the observed length scale. This indicates that the effective Reynolds number for large-scale structures in the corona is of the order of 10-1000. In none of the cases examined does the reconnection appear to be driven by external flows, but the process is more properly described as the relaxation of nonpotential magnetic field configurations toward a potential configuration. RP Dere, KP (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 45 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 472 IS 2 BP 864 EP 873 DI 10.1086/178116 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VW210 UT WOS:A1996VW21000042 ER PT J AU Hoflich, P Khokhlov, A Wheeler, JC Phillips, MM Suntzeff, NB Hamuy, M AF Hoflich, P Khokhlov, A Wheeler, JC Phillips, MM Suntzeff, NB Hamuy, M TI Maximum brightness and postmaximum decline of light curves of type supernovae Ia: A comparison of theory and observations SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology, observations; cosmology, theory; distance scale; supernovae, general ID MEASURING EXTRAGALACTIC DISTANCES; 1991BG; MODELS AB We compare the observed correlations between the maximum brightness, postmaximum decline rate, and color at maximum light of Type Ia supernovae (SNs Ia) with model predictions. The observations are based on a total of 40 SNs Ia, including 29 SN of the Calan Tololo Supernova Search and 11 local SNs which cover a range of approximate to 2 mag in the absolute visual brightness. The observed correlations are not tight, one dimensional relations. Supernovae with the same postmaximum decline or the same color have a spread in visual magnitude of approximate to 0.7 mag. The dispersion in the color-magnitude relation may result from uncertainties in the distance determinations or the interstellar reddening within the host galaxy. The dispersion in the decline rate-magnitude relation suggests that an intrinsic spread in the supernova properties exists that cannot be accounted for by any single relation between visual brightness and postmaximum decline. Theoretical correlations are derived from a grid of models which encompasses delayed detonations, pulsating delayed detonations, the merging scenario, and helium detonations. We find that the observed correlations can be understood in terms of explosions of Chandrasekhar mass white dwarfs. Our models show an intrinsic spread in the relations of about 0.5 mag in the maximum brightness and approximate to 0.1 mag in the B-V color. Our study provides strong evidence against the mechanism of helium detonation for subluminous, red SNs Ia. C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT ASTRON,AUSTIN,TX 78712. UNIV BASEL,INST THEORET PHYS,CH-4056 BASEL,SWITZERLAND. USN,RES LAB,COMPUTAT PHYS & FLUID DYNAM LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. CTIO,LA SERENA,CHILE. CTIO,TUCSON,AZ 85719. RP Hoflich, P (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. RI Hamuy, Mario/G-7541-2016 NR 45 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 472 IS 2 BP L81 EP L84 DI 10.1086/310363 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VW211 UT WOS:A1996VW21100005 ER PT J AU Edwards, M AF Edwards, M TI Anthropometric measurements and ejection injuries SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AIR-FORCE AB Background: A previous study examined anthropometric variables to determine possible ejection seat risk factors. It concluded that individuals who weighed below the average body weight or who met the criteria of having a tall, thin physique as measured by body mass index (BMI = kg . m(-2)) were significantly more at risk for acceleration induced back injuries. Hypothesis: Because of the increased number of female pilots and the potential need to modify ejection seats for lighter aviators, this retrospective analysis of Naval Safety Center data attempted to reproduce and confirm the same results with more current data, covering a 5-yr period from lan 1989-Dec 1993. Methods: In this study, the same criteria were used to define back injury, including thoracic or lumbar vertebral fractures and soft tissue injuries, and the same anthropometric variables were used, including weight, height, BMI, and below average weight. Additional categories of injury were examined, including all spinal fractures alone without soft tissue back injuries, all injuries combined, and severity of injury. Sitting height and trunk height were added to the variables. Results: Out of 810 aircrew involved in mishaps, 199 ejected. Of all the ejections, 111 (56%) had some type of injury as a result of the ejection. Severe injuries occurred in 8 (4%) including 4 (2%) fatalities. Back injuries occurred in 44 (22%), and 8 (4%) involved spinal fractures. Although there were no significant risk factors for ejection back injury, weight and height were statistically significant risk factors for severe injury and spinal fracture, respectively. Conclusions: Aircrew with severe injury were heavier (average weight 88 kg. vs. 79 kg.). In addition, taller aircrew (185 vs. 180 cm.) were at increased risk for any spinal fracture. C1 USN,AIR STN,AEROSP & OPERAT MED INST,PENSACOLA,FL. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 67 IS 12 BP 1144 EP 1147 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA VX623 UT WOS:A1996VX62300005 PM 8968478 ER PT J AU FLEMING, B AF FLEMING, B TI ON TECHNIQUE IN PAINTING, THE CHURCH EXHIBITION + CHURCH,FREDERIC,EDWIN SO CENTENNIAL REVIEW LA English DT Article RP FLEMING, B (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTENNIAL REVIEW PI E LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV 312 LINTON HALL, E LANSING, MI 48824-1044 SN 0162-0177 J9 CENTENNIAL REV JI Centen. Rev. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 40 IS 1 BP 159 EP 168 PG 10 WC Literary Reviews SC Literature GA UV170 UT WOS:A1996UV17000019 ER PT J AU Karmel, SM AF Karmel, SM TI The political economy of China's financial reforms: Finance in late development - Bowles,P, White,G SO CHINA QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 USN, POSTGRAD SCH, MONTEREY, CA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0305-7410 J9 CHINA QUART JI China Q. PD DEC PY 1996 IS 148 BP 1367 EP 1368 PG 2 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA XE465 UT WOS:A1996XE46500020 ER PT J AU Douglass, CH Willliams, BA McDonald, JR AF Douglass, CH Willliams, BA McDonald, JR TI Low pressure flat flame studies of C2F4/O-2 SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD DEC PY 1996 VL 107 IS 4 BP 475 EP 478 DI 10.1016/S0010-2180(96)00129-0 PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA VU095 UT WOS:A1996VU09500010 ER PT J AU Bui, TX AF Bui, TX TI PRIISM '96 conference report SO DATA BASE FOR ADVANCES IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN, POSTGRAD SCH, DEPT SYST MANAGEMENT, MONTEREY, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0095-0033 J9 DATA BASE ADV INF SY JI Data Base Adv. Inf. Syst. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 27 IS 1 BP 11 EP 12 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA UQ324 UT WOS:A1996UQ32400002 ER PT J AU Hoff, HA Waytena, GL Vold, CL Suehle, JS Isaacson, IP Rebbert, ML Ma, DI Harris, K AF Hoff, HA Waytena, GL Vold, CL Suehle, JS Isaacson, IP Rebbert, ML Ma, DI Harris, K TI Ohmic contacts to semiconducting diamond using a Ti/Pt/Au trilayer metallization scheme SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE surface characterization; diffusion; electrical properties; diamond single crystals ID BORON-DOPED DIAMOND; SCHOTTKY DIODES; TI-AU; TRANSISTORS; FILMS AB Ohmic contacts have been fabricated on a naturally occurring type IIb diamond crystal using an annealed Ti/Pt/Au trilayer metallization where the Pt served successfully as a barrier to Ti diffusion into the Au capping layer. However, a specific contact resistance could not be reliably determined using transmission line model measurements. Auger microanalysis revealed the presence of Ti on the diamond surface near the ohmic contact pads. The most likely origin of the Ti on the diamond surface was determined to be lateral diffusion from beneath the contact pads. This would have produced a nonuniform concentration of Ti across the diamond surface which, in turn, would have affected the diamond sheet resistance in a complicated way. C1 USN, RES LAB, NANOELECT PROC FAC, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. HARRIS DIAMOND CORP, MT ARLINGTON, NJ 07865 USA. NR 22 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 EI 1879-0062 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 5 IS 12 BP 1450 EP 1456 DI 10.1016/S0925-9635(96)00566-3 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WA143 UT WOS:A1996WA14300010 ER PT J AU Wu, C Chen, LG Sun, FR AF Wu, C Chen, LG Sun, FR TI Effect of the heat transfer law on the finite-time, exergoeconomic performance of heat engines SO ENERGY LA English DT Article ID MAXIMUM-POWER; EFFICIENCY AB The efficiency bounds at maximum profit are obtained from finite-time exergoeconomic analysis for three common heat transfer laws: Newton's law (n = 1), a linear pheomenological law in irreversible thermodynamics (n = 1), and the radiative heat law (n = 4). The relation between optimal profit and efficiency of an endoreversible Carnot engine is derived on the basis of the general heat-transfer law q proportional to Delta(T-n). Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 NAVAL ACAD ENGN,FAC 306,WUHAN 430033,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP Wu, C (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT MECH ENGN,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 24 TC 25 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD DEC PY 1996 VL 21 IS 12 BP 1127 EP 1134 DI 10.1016/0360-5442(96)00073-4 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA VU364 UT WOS:A1996VU36400009 ER PT J AU Chen, LG Zeng, FM Sun, FR Wu, C AF Chen, LG Zeng, FM Sun, FR Wu, C TI Heat-transfer effects on net work and/or power as functions of efficiency for air-standard diesel cycles SO ENERGY LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES AB A performance analysis is performed on the air-standard Diesel cycle using finite-time thermodynamics. The relations between net work and/or power, efficiency, and compression ratio, and the maximum net work and/or power and the corresponding efficiency bound are derived for the cycle with heat-transfer considerations. Detailed numerical examples are given. The results obtained provide significant guidance to the performance evaluation and improvement for practice Diesel engines. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USN ACAD,DEPT MECH ENGN,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NAVAL ACAD ENGN,FAC 306,WUHAN 430033,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 10 TC 47 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD DEC PY 1996 VL 21 IS 12 BP 1201 EP 1205 DI 10.1016/0360-5442(96)00057-6 PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA VU364 UT WOS:A1996VU36400016 ER PT J AU Kubicki, JD Blake, GA Apitz, SE AF Kubicki, JD Blake, GA Apitz, SE TI Molecular orbital models of aqueous aluminum-acetate complexes SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-ACIDS; WATER DIMER; MICROWAVE-SPECTRA; ACETIC-ACID; SPECIATION; SOLVATION; ENERGIES; ABINITIO; CLUSTERS; IONS AB Molecular orbital calculations with HF/3-21G**, HF/6-311+G**, and MP2/6-311+G** basis sets (HF = Hartree-Fock approximation; MP2 = 2nd-order Moller-Plesset perturbation theory) have been performed on molecular clusters in the system acetate-aluminum-water. The results model the structures, energetics, and vibrational spectra of Al3+ and Al3+-acetate complexes in the aqueous phase. An octahedral to tetrahedral coordination change is predicted in the species Al3+ (OH)(m)(-). n(H2O) [where m + n = 6] as m increases from two to three. Calculated reaction energetics for aqueous Al3+-acetate complexation compare favorably with experimental enthalpies. In addition, the possible existence of more than one configuration for each Al3+-acetate species was investigated. Theoretical vibrational spectra of the Al3+-acetate complexes provide predictions for the identification of Al3+-acetate species in aqueous solutions. C1 CALTECH, DIV GEOL & PLANETARY SCI, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. RP Kubicki, JD (reprint author), USN, COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR, REMEDIAT RES LAB, CHEM & BIOCHEM BRANCH, RDT&E DIV, SAN DIEGO, CA 92152 USA. RI Kubicki, James/I-1843-2012 OI Kubicki, James/0000-0002-9277-9044 NR 71 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD DEC PY 1996 VL 60 IS 24 BP 4897 EP 4911 DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00285-2 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA WC737 UT WOS:A1996WC73700002 ER PT J AU Vogt, PR Sundvor, E AF Vogt, PR Sundvor, E TI Heat flow highs on the Norwegian-Barents-Svalbard continental slope: Deep crustal fractures, dewatering, or ''memory in the mud''? SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EVOLUTION; RIDGE AB Heat flow transects across the Norwegian-Barents-Svalbard continental margin (Sundvor and Eldholm, 1992) reveal anomalously high (by about 60 mK/m) sub-seafloor thermal gradients on the upper continental slope, at water depths about 600m-800m. Of several hypotheses which might explain these enhanced gradients, deep crustal fractures or igneous activity along the ocean continental crustal boundary (COB) is rejected by the lack of associated seismicity, extrusive/intrusive activity, or systematic correlation of gradient anomaly with the COB, which does not correspond to any specific water depth. A ''Memory in the Mud'' explanation is possible if the base of the Norwegian-Atlantic (warm) current rose by ca. 150-200 m ca. 50-300 years ago. However, high local spatial variability in observed gradients renders this mechanism suspect. Alternatively the thermal gradients were locally steepened by enhanced rise of pore fluids, mud and/or methane gas. This is most likely on the upper continental slope because post-opening sediment accumulations (i.e., dewatering) tend to be maximal there. C1 UNIV BERGEN,INST SOLID EARTH PHYS,BERGEN,NORWAY. RP Vogt, PR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,GEOSCI DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 18 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 24 BP 3571 EP 3574 DI 10.1029/96GL03259 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VW859 UT WOS:A1996VW85900014 ER PT J AU Andersen, GR Bennett, RH Barber, ME Todorovski, L Maynard, GL AF Andersen, GR Bennett, RH Barber, ME Todorovski, L Maynard, GL TI A multi-sensor piezometer for shallow marine sediments in coastal environments SO GEOTECHNICAL TESTING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE marine sediment; pore pressure; piezometer probe; sea floor ventilation; field calibration ID PORE PRESSURE; PROBE; WAVES AB A multi-sensor piezometer has been developed to measure dynamic excess and ambient pore pressures in shallow marine sediments under the effect of surface waves, tides, and currents. The probe consists of a shaft (1.5 m long with five porous stones at sub-seafloor depths ranging from 0.10 to 0.93 m) and two upper chambers (one that is hermetically sealed for the transducer electronics and another that is hydraulically connected to the free water column). Pore pressures in the sediments under the effect of surface waves are measured with differential pressure transducers referenced to the mean water column pressure (cyclic component removed by a specially designed cyclic damping system). Field deployments of the probe follow a calibration and verification sequence to assure the proper function of all necessary components. This sequence involves laboratory and dockside calibrations using a static fluid reservoir technique and the measurement of differential pressures in the free water column prior to insertion. Calibration and pore pressure data from one deployment in 9.4 m of water off the Gulf of Mexico Coast near Biloxi, Mississippi show excellent precision and cyclic response. C1 SEAPROBE INC,PICAYUNE,MS. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,PULLMAN,WA 99164. USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. RP Andersen, GR (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843, USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0149-6115 J9 GEOTECH TEST J JI Geotech. Test. J. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 19 IS 4 BP 373 EP 383 PG 11 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA WA685 UT WOS:A1996WA68500004 ER PT J AU Turner, RF AF Turner, RF TI Truman, Korea, and the Constitution: Debunking the ''imperial president'' myth SO HARVARD JOURNAL OF LAW AND PUBLIC POLICY LA English DT Article C1 USN,COLL WAR,WASHINGTON,DC 20350. US INST PEACE,WASHINGTON,DC. RP Turner, RF (reprint author), UNIV VIRGINIA,SCH LAW,CTR NATL SECUR LAW,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903, USA. NR 45 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARVARD SOC LAW PUBLIC POLICY PI CAMBRIDGE PA HARVARD LAW SCHOOL, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 SN 0193-4872 J9 HARVARD J LAW PUBL P JI Harv. J. Law Public Policy PD WIN PY 1996 VL 19 IS 2 BP 533 EP 585 PG 53 WC Law SC Government & Law GA TW123 UT WOS:A1996TW12300039 ER PT J AU Vurgaftman, I Freeman, PN Bhattacharya, PK Singh, J AF Vurgaftman, I Freeman, PN Bhattacharya, PK Singh, J TI Time-domain optical wave propagation in disordered and nonuniform guiding structures SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID GUIDES; FACETS; LASERS AB We formulate a time-domain numerical approach to optical wave propagation based on a locally one-dimensional implicit finite-difference approximation to the two-dimensional scalar wave equation and show how it can be used to study the nature of wave propagation in optical and optoelectronic devices with spatial nonuniformities and disorder, The technique is particularly well suited for the visualization of complex scattering and diffraction phenomena. We estimate the influence of interface roughness in semiconductor lasers with mirrors defined by etching processes as a function of a feature depth parameter and an in-plane correlation length, The reflectivity falls off exponentially with their product for small disorder yet remains close to its unperturbed value for the disorder scale attainable with the state-of-the-art etching technology, It is also shown how this approach can be applied to the design of an optically controlled heterojunction bipolar transistor, in which the light enters from a lateral waveguide and must be absorbed in the base collector depletion region. C1 AT&T BELL LABS,LUCENT TECHNOL,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,SOLID STATE ELECT LAB,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP Vurgaftman, I (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 32 IS 12 BP 2095 EP 2104 DI 10.1109/3.544755 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA VW509 UT WOS:A1996VW50900010 ER PT J AU Shaw, LB Bowman, SR Feldman, BJ Ganem, J AF Shaw, LB Bowman, SR Feldman, BJ Ganem, J TI Radiative and multiphonon relaxation of the Mid-IR transitions of Pr3+ in LaCl3 SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID LASER AB Electric and magnetic dipole transition probabilities, fluorescence branching ratios, integrated emission coefficients, fluorescence efficiencies, and fluorescence lifetimes are determined for the lower lying states of Pr:LaCl3 using the Judd-Ofelt theory and calculated multiphonon emission probabilities. The results are used to characterize demonstrated mid-IR laser transitions and predict new potential mid-IR laser transitions in Pr:LaCl3. C1 LOYOLA COLL,DEPT PHYS,BALTIMORE,MD 21210. RP Shaw, LB (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,LASER PHYS BRANCH,CODE 5640,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 18 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 32 IS 12 BP 2166 EP 2172 DI 10.1109/3.544764 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA VW509 UT WOS:A1996VW50900019 ER PT J AU Berkoff, TA Kersey, AD AF Berkoff, TA Kersey, AD TI Experimental demonstration of a fiber Bragg grating accelerometer SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCHEME; SENSOR AB We report a fiber Bragg grating transducer for the measurement of acceleration. Results obtained using interferometric wavelength-shift detection demonstrate a demodulated signal output range of 50-g rms with a minimum detectable signal of similar to 1 mg/root Hz. C1 USN,RES LAB,FIBER OPT SMART STRUCTURES SECT,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Berkoff, TA (reprint author), SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785, USA. NR 9 TC 137 Z9 158 U1 3 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 8 IS 12 BP 1677 EP 1679 DI 10.1109/68.544716 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA VV260 UT WOS:A1996VV26000032 ER PT J AU Howerton, MM Moeller, RP Gopalakrishnan, GK Burns, WK AF Howerton, MM Moeller, RP Gopalakrishnan, GK Burns, WK TI Low-biased fiber-optic link for microwave downconversion SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MODULATOR AB Downconversion of microwave signals using fiberoptic links is investigated while low-biasing one modulator in a cascaded pair. Enhancement of the downconverted signal and variation of intermodulation distortion terms as a function of phase bias are studied theoretically and experimentally. Distortion is significant at high local oscillator powers needed to minimize conversion loss. C1 BOSCH TELECOM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20877. RP Howerton, MM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,SFA,CODE 5671,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 8 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 8 IS 12 BP 1692 EP 1694 DI 10.1109/68.544721 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA VV260 UT WOS:A1996VV26000037 ER PT J AU Potyraj, PA Petrosky, KJ Hobart, KD Kub, FJ Thompson, PE AF Potyraj, PA Petrosky, KJ Hobart, KD Kub, FJ Thompson, PE TI A 230-watt S-band SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistor SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th Successive Annual IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium/Exhibition - Bridging the Spectrum CY JUN 18-20, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP IEEE MTT Soc AB Large-area Si/Si1-xGex heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBT's) have been demonstrated with record output power at S-Band, Under pulsed conditions in class C operation, a saturated power in excess of 230 W was achieved at 2.8 GHz, At 200 W the devices exhibited a collector efficiency of 46% and a power gain of 6.9 dB, Devices with implanted Si bases had comparable gain, but only 35% efficiency at 150 W, and saturated at 180 W, In class A operation, 13.5 dB gain was demonstrated at 3.1 GHz on smaller devices, For high f(max), a self-aligned silicided polysilicon-emitter structure was used in conjunction with a graded Si1-xGex base, Variable temperature de tests and accelerated life tests have indicated no reliability problems, The results indicate for the first time that Si/SiGe HBT's are suitable for high-power, high-frequency applications. C1 USN,RES LAB,ESTD,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Potyraj, PA (reprint author), NORTHROP GRUMMAN,ESSD,BALTIMORE,MD 21203, USA. NR 7 TC 21 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 44 IS 12 BP 2392 EP 2397 DI 10.1109/22.554567 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VZ141 UT WOS:A1996VZ14100015 ER PT J AU Frankel, MY Matthews, PJ Esman, RD AF Frankel, MY Matthews, PJ Esman, RD TI Two-dimensional fiber-optic control of a true time-steered array transmitter SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th Successive Annual IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium/Exhibition - Bridging the Spectrum CY JUN 18-20, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP IEEE MTT Soc ID PHASED-ARRAY; DELAY-LINE; ANTENNAS AB We report a first demonstration of a fiber-optic beamformer for independent two-dimensional (2-D) true time-delay steering of a transmitter array. The fiber-optic beamformer is based on a simple dispersive prism optical delay approach, with separate azimuth and elevation control stages. The azimuth dispersive prism stage includes an amount of dispersion in each link proportional to the corresponding column position in the array. The microwave signals, properly time delayed for azimuth steering, are amplified and serve as inputs to identical dispersive prisms feeding the elements in each column. The elevation dispersive prism stages include an amount of dispersion in each link proportional to the corresponding row position in the array. Each time-delayed microwave signal feeds a single flared-notch element in a 4 x 4 array, The 2-D array pattern measurements in an anechoic chamber clearly demonstrate independent +/-30 degrees azimuth and +/-30 degrees elevation steering. There is no observed squint over the microwave-component determined bandwidth of 6-18 GHz. RP Frankel, MY (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,CODE 5672,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 13 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 44 IS 12 BP 2696 EP 2702 DI 10.1109/22.554632 PN 2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VZ141 UT WOS:A1996VZ14100054 ER PT J AU Mullen, LJ Herczfeld, PR Contarino, VM AF Mullen, LJ Herczfeld, PR Contarino, VM TI Hybrid lidar-radar ocean experiment SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th Successive Annual IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium/Exhibition - Bridging the Spectrum CY JUN 18-20, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP IEEE MTT Soc ID UNDERWATER AB This paper concerns a novel hybrid lidar-radar system for underwater surveillance. Simulations and laboratory measurements incorporating the hybrid detection scheme revealed a 17-dB suppression of the water backscatter signal (clutter) and corresponding target contrast enhancement. These results led to the design, implementation and testing of a lidar-radar system for ocean experimentation. Details of this system, in addition to the goals and results of the ocean experiment, are presented. C1 USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,DIV AIRCRAFT,PATUXENT RIVER,MD 20607. RP Mullen, LJ (reprint author), DREXEL UNIV,CTR MICROWAVE LIGHTWAVE ENGN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 5 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 44 IS 12 BP 2703 EP 2710 PN 2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VZ141 UT WOS:A1996VZ14100055 ER PT J AU Witczak, SC Galloway, KF Schrimpf, RD Titus, JL Brews, JR Prevost, G AF Witczak, SC Galloway, KF Schrimpf, RD Titus, JL Brews, JR Prevost, G TI The determination of Si-SiO2 interface trap density in irradiated four-terminal VDMOSFETs using charge pumping SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID TRANSISTORS; MOSFETS; STATES; HUMP AB The utility of charge pumping to measure Si-SiO2 interface trap density in irradiated four-terminal VDMOSFETs is demonstrated. A modification of the conventional charge pumping approach is employed, where recombination of charge through interface traps in the neck region is measured in the drain. Three components of drain current resulting from the charge pumping measurement are identified. When the device is properly biased, charge pumping current can be separated from the other components of drain current and modeled over a wide range of interface trap densities using standard charge pumping theory. When sources of error are accounted for, radiation-induced interface trap densities measured with charge pumping are in good quantitative agreement with those estimated with the midgap charge separation and subthreshold hump techniques. C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,ADV TECHNOL DEPT,CRANE,IN 47522. THOMSON CSF,DIV RADIOCOMMUN,GENNEVILLIERS,FRANCE. VANDERBILT UNIV,SCH ENGN,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. RP Witczak, SC (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 NR 23 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2558 EP 2564 DI 10.1109/23.556836 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300008 ER PT J AU Stahlbush, RE AF Stahlbush, RE TI Electron trapping in buried oxides during irradiation at 40 and 300 K SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID SIMOX STRUCTURES; CHARGE; OXYGEN; DEFECTS; TRAPS; DEEP AB The formation of electron traps has been studied in thermally grown silicon dioxide that was encapsulated by polysilicon and annealed at temperatures from 1100 to 1325 degrees C. Samples with oxide thicknesses of 100 and 400 nm were examined by cryogenic and room temperature detrapping measurements. Two distinct electron traps were observed in buried oxides; the thermal trap depths are 0.5 and 1.1 eV and the tunneling depths are 0.9 and 1.5 eV. The deeper electron trap is filled by room temperature irradiation. The deeper trap is detrapped by thermal excitation between room temperature and 120 degrees C or by tunneling at fields between 4 and 5 MV/cm. The formation of both electron traps is diffusion limited and the Si/SiO2 interfaces are the source or sink for the diffusing species. While shallow trap formation monotonically increases with annealing temperature, trapping in the deeper trap peaks at about 1200 degrees C for the 400 nm thickness and at 1100 degrees C or lower for the 100 nm thickness. The occupation of shallow traps during cryogenic irradiation decreases the occupation of the deeper trap compared with room temperature irradiation. At high concentrations, the shallow traps decrease the tunneling field of the deeper trap by trap-assisted tunneling. RP Stahlbush, RE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6816,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2627 EP 2634 DI 10.1109/23.556845 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300017 ER PT J AU Lawrence, RK Mrstik, BJ Hughes, HL McMarr, PJ AF Lawrence, RK Mrstik, BJ Hughes, HL McMarr, PJ TI Dependence of radiation induced buried oxide charge on silicon-on-insulator fabrication technology SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID MOS DEVICES; CO-60 AB X-rays have been used to irradiate material fabricated using various Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) technologies, including the Bond and Etchback SOI (BESOI) process and several different Separation-by-Implantation-of-Oxygen (SIMOX) processes. The thickness of the buried oxide (BOX) in these samples ranged from 80 nn to 400 mn. The irradiations were done under high field (1 MV/cm) bias conditions. For each of these materials the net number of occupied traps in the buried oxide and the location of the charge centroid was determined. It was found that the location of the charge centroid depends on the density of the BOX, and on the radiation dose. It was also found that for buried oxides which have densities similar tb that of fused silica, the net number of occupied traps in the BOX saturates at approximately 1.1 x 10(13) cm(-2), and does not depend on the BOX thickness or fabrication technique. Both of these findings are important in device design, especially for substrates with thin buried oxides. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. RP Lawrence, RK (reprint author), ARACOR,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2639 EP 2645 DI 10.1109/23.556847 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300019 ER PT J AU Brady, FT Hughes, HL McMarr, PJ Mrstik, B AF Brady, FT Hughes, HL McMarr, PJ Mrstik, B TI Total dose hardening of SIMOX buried oxides for fully depleted devices in rad-tolerant applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID SOI AB A total dose hardening treatment is applied to SIMOX buried oxides, Total ionizing dose radiation testing is performed on fully-depleted transistors fabricated on both hardened and non-hardened substrates. At 200 krads x-ray dose, the front gate shift is reduced from -0.7 to -0.2 V for FETs built on the hardened wafers. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. RP Brady, FT (reprint author), LOCKHEED MARTIN FED SYST,MANASSAS,VA 22110, USA. NR 6 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2646 EP 2650 DI 10.1109/23.556848 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300020 ER PT J AU Tylka, AJ Dietrich, WF Boberg, PR Smith, EC Adams, JH AF Tylka, AJ Dietrich, WF Boberg, PR Smith, EC Adams, JH TI Single event upsets caused by solar energetic heavy ions SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID OCTOBER 1989; MODEL; RATES; ENVIRONMENT; PREDICTION; PARTICLES; PROTONS; ORBIT AB We calculate single event upset (SEU) rates due to protons, alphas, and heavier ions in two satellite systems for the major solar particle events of 1989-92, using a new and complete analysis of GOES proton data and high-energy heavy-ion fluences from the University of Chicago Cosmic Ray Telescope on IMP-8. These measurements cover the entire range of energies relevant to SEU studies and therefore overcome shortcomings of previous studies, which relied upon theoretical or semi-empirical estimates of high-energy heavy-ion spectra. We compare our results to the observed SEU rates in these events. The SEU rates in one device (AMD 93L422s on LEASATs) were overwhelmingly dominated by protons. However, even after taking into account uncertainties in the ground-test cross-section data, we find that at least similar to 45% of the SEUs in the other device (Fairchild 93L422s on TDRS-1) must have been caused by heavy ions. Our results demonstrate that both protons and heavy ions must be considered in order to make a reliable assessment of SEU vulnerabilites. Furthermore, the GOES/Chicago database of solar particle events provides a basis for making accurate solar particle SEU calculations and credible worst-case estimates. In particular, measurements of the historic solar particle events of October 1989 are used in ''worst week'' and ''worst day'' environment models in CREME96, a revision of NRL's Cosmic Ray Effects on MicroElectronics code. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,LAB ASTROPHYS & SPACE RES,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP Tylka, AJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,CODE 7654,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Tylka, Allan/G-9592-2014 NR 41 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2758 EP 2766 DI 10.1109/23.556863 PN 1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300035 ER PT J AU Xapsos, MA Summers, GP Shapiro, P Burke, EA AF Xapsos, MA Summers, GP Shapiro, P Burke, EA TI New techniques for predicting solar proton fluences for radiation effects applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID MISSIONS; EVENTS; CYCLES; MODEL AB At geosynchronous altitudes, solar proton events can be a significant source of radiation exposure for devices such as optical imagers, memories and solar cells. These events appear to occur randomly with respect to time and magnitude during the active period of each solar cycle. New probabilistic descriptions, including extreme value theory, are given in forms applicable to assessing mission risks for both single events and the cumulative fluence of multiple events. The analyses yield simpler forms than previous models, include more recent data, and can easily be incorporated into existing computer programs. C1 UNIV MARYLAND BALTIMORE CTY,BALTIMORE,MD 21228. SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20875. RP Xapsos, MA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2772 EP 2777 DI 10.1109/23.556865 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300037 PM 11540487 ER PT J AU Reed, RA Carts, MA Marshall, PW Marshall, CJ Buchner, S LaMacchia, M Mathes, B McMorrow, D AF Reed, RA Carts, MA Marshall, PW Marshall, CJ Buchner, S LaMacchia, M Mathes, B McMorrow, D TI Single event upset cross sections at various data rates SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID PERFORMANCE; CHARGE; ANALOG; LOGIC AB We present data which show that Single Event Upset (SEU) cross section varies linearly with frequency for most devices tested. We show that the SEU cross section can increase dramatically away from a linear relationship when the test setup is not optimized, or when testing near the maximum operating frequency. We also observe non-linear behavior in some complex circuit topologies. Knowledge of the relationship between SEU cross section and frequency is important for estimates of on-orbit SEU rates. C1 SFA INC,LARGO,MD. MOTOROLA GSTG,SCOTTSDALE,AZ. RP Reed, RA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 10 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2862 EP 2867 DI 10.1109/23.556878 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300050 ER PT J AU Musseau, O Gardic, F Roche, P Corbiere, T Reed, RA Buchner, S McDonald, P Melinger, J Tran, L Campbell, AB AF Musseau, O Gardic, F Roche, P Corbiere, T Reed, RA Buchner, S McDonald, P Melinger, J Tran, L Campbell, AB TI Analysis of multiple bit upsets (MBU) in a CMOS SRAM SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID SINGLE-EVENT; CHARGE COLLECTION; PULSED-LASER; SIMULATION; CIRCUITS AB Multiple Bit Upsets (MBU) have been studied in a 256k CMOS static RAM irradiated at normal incidence and grazing angle. In normal incidence the sensitive areas have been identified with pulsed laser irradiation. The laser power thresholds have been determined for single to quadruple upsets in adjacent cells. Both experimental data and 3D simulations emphasize the role of delayed charge collection, by diffusion, and charge sharing between sensitive areas. Upset tracks have been recorded at grazing angle and used to determine the charge collection depth. These data revealed the existence of an LET threshold for MBU at grazing angle. As the ion LET increases different types of tracks are observed and correlated to the topological pattern in adjacent memory cells. This phenomenon is due to an unexpected charge collection mechanism, which couples adjacent sensitive areas and results in charge transfer between memory cells. The comparison with previous data on the same device indicates a strong influence of both ion energy and angle of incidence on the cross section, emphasizing the intrinsic limitation of standard characterizations with low energy ions. These results indicate that the basic asumption of a rectangular parallelepipedic volume does not take into account coupling phenomena, such as occurs in MBUs, and is no longer valid at grazing angle. C1 MATRA MHS,F-44083 NANTES,FRANCE. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. RP Musseau, O (reprint author), CEA,BRUYERES CHATEL,FRANCE. NR 30 TC 46 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2879 EP 2888 DI 10.1109/23.556881 PN 1 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300053 ER PT J AU Buchner, S Campbell, AB Weatherford, T Knudson, A McDonald, P McMorrow, D Fischer, B Metzger, S Schlogl, M AF Buchner, S Campbell, AB Weatherford, T Knudson, A McDonald, P McMorrow, D Fischer, B Metzger, S Schlogl, M TI Charge collection in GaAs MESFET circuits using a high energy microbeam SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID SINGLE-EVENT UPSETS; NUCLEAR MICROPROBE; PULSED-LASER; ION AB The mechanisms responsible for. single event upsets can be studied more realistically in transistors that are part of an integrated test circuit than in single isolated test transistors with fixed biases on all the nodes. Both energetic, heavy ions and focused, pulsed laser light were used to generate transient voltages at a number of different nodes in a GaAs MESFET integrated test circuit. Three-dimensional maps of charge collection regions were generated with the use of the scanning ion microprobe at Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung (GSI). The results showed that charge was collected from all areas of the circuit, but with different efficiencies at different injection sites. Regions not covered with metal were exposed to pulsed laser light. The resulting transients had pulse shapes similar to those generated by ions and amplitudes that also depended on ion strike location. These results illustrate the usefulness of the ion microprobe technique for obtaining spatial and temporal information about SEU in integrated circuits. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH MBH,DARMSTADT,GERMANY. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2897 EP 2903 DI 10.1109/23.556883 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300055 ER PT J AU McMorrow, D Curtice, WR Buchner, S Knudson, AR Melinger, JS Campbell, AB AF McMorrow, D Curtice, WR Buchner, S Knudson, AR Melinger, JS Campbell, AB TI Charge-collection characteristics of GaAs MESFETs fabricated with a low-temperature grown GaAs buffer layer: Computer simulation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; HEAVY-ION; REDUCTION; PROTON AB Two-dimensional device simulations of GaAs MESFETs fabricated with a law-temperature grown GaAs (LT GaAs) buffer layer reveal a sensitive dependence of the charge-collection characteristics on various structural and operational parameters. Simulations performed for above-band-gap pursed laser excitation indicate that, even when the bulk of the charge is deposited above the LT region, the improved SEU and charge-collection performance of LT GaAs devices largely is a consequence of the reduced efficiency of the carrier-induced charge-enhancement (gain) mechanisms. RP McMorrow, D (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2904 EP 2912 DI 10.1109/23.556884 PN 1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300056 ER PT J AU Allenspach, M Dachs, C Johnson, GH Schrimpf, RD Lorfevre, E Palau, JM Brews, JR Galloway, KF Titus, JL Wheatley, CF AF Allenspach, M Dachs, C Johnson, GH Schrimpf, RD Lorfevre, E Palau, JM Brews, JR Galloway, KF Titus, JL Wheatley, CF TI SEGR and SEB in N-channel power MOSFETs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID EVENT GATE-RUPTURE AB For particular bias conditions, it is shown that a device can fail due to either single-event gate rupture (SEGR) or to single-event burnout (SEB). The likelihood of triggering SEGR is shown to be dependent on the ion impact position. Hardening techniques are suggested. C1 UNIV MONTPELLIER 2,CTR ELECT MONTPELLIER,F-34090 MONTPELLIER,FRANCE. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CRANE,IN 47522. RP Allenspach, M (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 NR 13 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2927 EP 2931 DI 10.1109/23.556887 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300059 ER PT J AU Johnson, GH Galloway, KF Schrimpf, RD Titus, JL Wheatley, CF Allenspach, M Dachs, C AF Johnson, GH Galloway, KF Schrimpf, RD Titus, JL Wheatley, CF Allenspach, M Dachs, C TI A physical interpretation for the single-event-gate-rupture cross-section of N-channel power MOSFETs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID BURNOUT AB The single-event-gate-rupture cross-section is measured as a function of drain-source and gate-source bias for some n-channel power MOSFETs. The experimental techniques are explained, and the results are interpreted with the help of two-dimensional computer modeling. C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CRANE,IN 47522. UNIV MONTPELLIER 2,MONTPELLIER,FRANCE. RP Johnson, GH (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2932 EP 2937 DI 10.1109/23.556888 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300060 ER PT J AU Titus, JL Wheatley, CF Allenspach, M Schrimpf, RD Burton, DI Brews, JR Galloway, KF Pease, RL AF Titus, JL Wheatley, CF Allenspach, M Schrimpf, RD Burton, DI Brews, JR Galloway, KF Pease, RL TI Influence of ion beam energy on SEGR failure thresholds of vertical power MOSFETs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT AB For the first time, experimental observations and numerical simulations show that the impact energy of the test ion influences the single-event gate rupture (SEGR) failure thresholds of vertical power MOSFETs. Current testing methodology may produce false hardness assurance. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,TUCSON,AZ 85721. HARRIS SEMICOND INC,MOUNTAIN TOP,PA 18707. RLP RES INC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87122. RP Titus, JL (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CRANE,IN 47522, USA. RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 NR 9 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2938 EP 2943 DI 10.1109/23.556889 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300061 ER PT J AU Wheatley, CF Titus, JL Burton, DI Carley, DR AF Wheatley, CF Titus, JL Burton, DI Carley, DR TI SEGR response of a radiation-hardened power MOSFET technology SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT AB SEGR response curves are presented for eighteen different device types of radiation-hardened power MOSFETs. Comparisons are made to demonstrate the technology's insensitivity to die size, rated blocking voltage, channel conductivity, and temperature. From this data, SEGR cross-sectional area curves are inferred. C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CRANE,IN 47522. HARRIS SEMICOND INC,MOUNTAIN TOP,PA 18707. NR 6 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2944 EP 2951 DI 10.1109/23.556890 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300062 ER PT J AU Knudson, AR Buchner, S McDonald, P Stapor, WJ Campbell, AB Grabowski, KS Knies, DL Lewis, S Zhao, Y AF Knudson, AR Buchner, S McDonald, P Stapor, WJ Campbell, AB Grabowski, KS Knies, DL Lewis, S Zhao, Y TI The effects of radiation on MEMS accelerometers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT AB Exposing just the mechanical part (sensor) of MEMS accelerometers td protons and heavy ions caused large changes in outputs representing the measured acceleration for the ADXL50 and very small changes for the ADXL04. The large voltage shift measured for the ADXL50 is attributed to charge generated by the ions and trapped in dielectric layers below the moveable mass. The trapped charge alters the electric field distribution which, in turn, changes the output voltage. The construction of the ADXL04 differs from that of the ADXL50 in that the dielectric layers are covered with a conducting polycrystalline silicon layer that effectively screens out the trapped charge, leaving the output voltage unchanged C1 ANALOG DEVICES INC,WILMINGTON,MA 01887. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. OI Grabowski, Kenneth/0000-0003-0816-001X NR 3 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 4 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 3122 EP 3126 DI 10.1109/23.556914 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300086 ER PT J AU Xapsos, MA AF Xapsos, MA TI Hard error dose distributions of gate oxide arrays in the laboratory and space environments SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID MOS DEVICES; IONS; FLUCTUATIONS; IONIZATION; CO-60 AB Hard errors or ''stuck bits'' observed in a single memory can occur over a broad range of macroscopically measured doses. It is shown here that a major contributing factor to this is the microscopic variation of deposited dose across the large array of gate oxides composing the memory. In addition, processing variations also contribute to the spreading of hard error doses. A statistical model of these factors is presented and compared to Co-60 data. Comparisons are then made between the hard error dose distribution for Co-60 and that expected in the heart of the proton belts. It is shown that even though the average hard error dose in the proton belts is greater, the onset hard error dose can be less. Thus, the relations between the onset dose for hard errors in the two environments should be thoroughly understood before qualifying parts for space applications. RP Xapsos, MA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,RADIAT EFFECT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 3139 EP 3144 DI 10.1109/23.556917 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300089 ER PT J AU Witczak, SC Schrimpf, RD Galloway, KF Fleetwood, DM Pease, RL Puhl, JM Schmidt, DM Combs, WE Suehle, JS AF Witczak, SC Schrimpf, RD Galloway, KF Fleetwood, DM Pease, RL Puhl, JM Schmidt, DM Combs, WE Suehle, JS TI Accelerated tests for simulating low dose rate gain degradation of lateral and substrate pnp bipolar junction transistors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT ID LINEAR INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS; HARDNESS-ASSURANCE AB The effect of dose rate on radiation-induced current gain degradation at 20 krad(Si) was quantified for lateral and substrate pnp bipolar transistors over the range of 0.001 to 294 rad(Si)/s. Degradation increases monotonically with decreasing dose rate, such that, at an emitter-to-base voltage of 0.7 V, radiation-induced excess base current differs by a factor of approximately, eight at the extreme dose rates. Degradation shows little dependence on dose rate below 0.005 rad(Si)/s, suggesting that further degradation enhancement at space-like dose rates may be negligible. In addition, the effect of ambient temperature on radiation-induced gain degradation at 294 rad(Si)/s was thoroughly investigated over the range of 25 to 240 degrees C. Degradation is enhanced with increasing temperature while simultaneously being moderated by in situ annealing such that, for a given total dose, an optimum irradiation temperature for maximum degradation results. Optimum irradiation temperature decreases logarithmically with total dose and is larger and more sensitive to dose in the substrate device than in the lateral device. Based on the measurement of midgap interface trap density in the base oxide, enhancement in transistor gain degradation due to elevated temperature is explained as an increase in surface recombination velocity in the base. Maximum high dose rate degradation at elevated temperature closely approaches low dose rate degradation for both devices. Based on high-temperature irradiations, a flexible procedure for the accelerated prediction of low dose rate gain degradation at 20 krad(Si) is developed for each of the devices studied. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 1332,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RLP RES INC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. NIST,IONIZING RADIAT DIV,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DEPT ADV TECHNOL,CRANE,IN 47522. NIST,DIV SEMICOND ELECT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Witczak, SC (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 NR 26 TC 55 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 3151 EP 3160 DI 10.1109/23.556919 PN 1 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300091 ER PT J AU Koga, R Looper, MD Pinkerton, SD Stapor, WJ McDonald, PT AF Koga, R Looper, MD Pinkerton, SD Stapor, WJ McDonald, PT TI Low dose rate proton irradiation of quartz crystal resonators SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT, INDIAN WELLS, CA SP IEEE NPSS, Def Nucl Agcy, Sandia Natl Labs, Phillips Labs, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Lab, Jet Prop Lab HO RENAISSANCE ESMERALD CONFERENCE RESORT AB Quartz crystal resonators were systematically irradiated with 65 MeV protons to characterize low dose rate radiation-induced degradation Results indicate: (1) test samples that exhibit large frequency shifts during testing bend to show large frequency shifts prior to irradiation, or during off-irradiation periods; (2) for radiation-sensitive samples, short-term effects seem to decrease after each irradiation on/off cycle (moreover, those devices in which radiation effects do not decrease after a few cycles ate not very sensitive); (3) the fabrication process may be an important determinant of susceptibility to low dose radiation-induced degradation; and (4) total-dose effects may be sublinear. C1 NRL,WASHINGTON,DC. RP Koga, R (reprint author), AEROSP CORP,EL SEGUNDO,CA 90245, USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 3174 EP 3181 DI 10.1109/23.556922 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC903 UT WOS:A1996WC90300094 ER PT J AU Rollwagen, FM Baqar, S AF Rollwagen, FM Baqar, S TI Oral cytokine administration SO IMMUNOLOGY TODAY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN INTERFERON-ALPHA; HIV-1 INFECTION; AIDS AB Current theories of cytokine action indicate that many function naturally under local conditions. As discussed here by Florence Rollwagen and Slahida Baqar, orally administered cytokines retain their biological activity and exhibit a variety of local and systemic actions that affect immunological and nonlymphoid organ systems. RP Rollwagen, FM (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 15 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0167-5699 J9 IMMUNOL TODAY JI Immunol. Today PD DEC PY 1996 VL 17 IS 12 BP 548 EP 550 DI 10.1016/S0167-5699(96)30065-0 PG 3 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA WA035 UT WOS:A1996WA03500006 PM 8991284 ER PT J AU Baqar, S Bourgeois, AL Applebee, LA Mourad, AS Kleinosky, MT Mohran, Z Murphy, JR AF Baqar, S Bourgeois, AL Applebee, LA Mourad, AS Kleinosky, MT Mohran, Z Murphy, JR TI Murine intranasal challenge model for the study of Campylobacter pathogenesis and immunity SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID JEJUNI INFECTION; MOUSE MODEL; VACCINE; MICE; COLI; IMMUNOGENICITY; PROTECTION; FLAGELLIN; CYTOKINES; RESPONSES AB Campylobacter jejuni infection of mice initiated by intranasal administration was investigated as a potential model for studies of pathogenesis and immunity, By using a standard challenge (5 x 10(9) CFU), C. jejuni 81-176 was more virulent for BALB/c (72% mortality) than for C3H/Hej (50%), CBA/CAJ (30%), or C58/J (0%), Intranasal challenge of BALB/c was used to compare the relative virulence of three reference strains; C. jejuni 81-176 was more virulent (killing 83% of challenged mice) than C. jejuni HC (0%) or C. coli VC-167 (0%), The course of intranasally initiated C. jejuni 81-176 infection in BALB/c was determined, C. jejuni was recovered from the lungs, intestinal tract, liver, and spleen at 4 h after challenge, the first interval evaluated, After this initial interval, three distinct patterns of infection were recognized: (i) a progressive decline in number of C. jejuni CFU (stomach, blood, lungs), (ii) decline followed by a second peak in the number of organisms recovered at 2 or 3 days postchallenge (intestine, liver, mesenteric lymph nodes), and (iii) persistence of approximately the same number of C. jejuni CFU during the course of the experiment (spleen), Intranasally induced infection initiated with a sublethal number of bacteria or intranasal immunization with killed Campylobacter preparations resulted in both the generation of Campylobacter antigen-specific immune responses and an acquired resistance to homologous rechallenge, The model was used to evaluate the relative virulence of nine low-in vitro-passage (no more than five passages) isolates of C. jejuni species from patients with diarrhea, The patient isolates were differentially virulent for mice; one killed all exposed mice, three were avirulent (no deaths) and the remainder showed an intermediate virulence, killing 17 to 33%, Mouse virulence of Campylobacter strains showed a trend toward isolates originating from individuals with watery diarrhea; however, no association was found between mouse virulence and other signs or symptoms, There were no observed relationships between mouse virulence and bacterial Lior serotype or Fla polymorphic group. Intranasal challenge of BALB/c with C. jejuni is a useful model for the study of infection and vaccination-acquired immunity to this agent. C1 UNIV ALEXANDRIA,DEPT BACTERIOL,ALEXANDRIA,EGYPT. USN,MED RES UNIT 3,CAIRO,EGYPT. UNIV TEXAS,SCH MED,CTR INFECT DIS,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV TEXAS,SCH PUBL HLTH,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP Baqar, S (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,ENTER DIS PROGRAM,DEPT INFECT DIS,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 39 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 64 IS 12 BP 4933 EP 4939 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA VU635 UT WOS:A1996VU63500008 PM 8945529 ER PT J AU Murphy, GS Oldfield, EC AF Murphy, GS Oldfield, EC TI Falciparum malaria SO INFECTIOUS DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; CEREBRAL MALARIA; INTRAVENOUS QUININE; UNITED-STATES; MEFLOQUINE PHARMACOKINETICS; EXCHANGE-TRANSFUSION; AMERICAN TRAVELERS; MALAWIAN CHILDREN; ANTIMALARIAL DRUG AB Falciparum malaria is one of the most common infectious illnesses in the world and can progress rapidly to coma and death in the nonimmune patient. The presentation is nonspecific, so blood smears must be made and read quickly. Proper therapy requires taking into account drug resistance, recognizing the signs of severe malaria, and proper treatment for complications. Long-sleeved clothing bed nets, insecticides, and chemoprophylaxis can help prevent malaria, but the infection must be suspected in any traveler returning from an endemic area. This article reviews epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of falciparum malaria in the temperate zone. C1 EASTERN VIRGINIA MED SCH,NORFOLK,VA 23501. USN,MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DIV INFECT DIS,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 123 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0891-5520 J9 INFECT DIS CLIN N AM JI Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 10 IS 4 BP 747 EP & DI 10.1016/S0891-5520(05)70325-1 PG 30 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA VX665 UT WOS:A1996VX66500005 PM 8958167 ER PT J AU Hunt, BW Sandifer, JB Assad, DA Gher, ME AF Hunt, BW Sandifer, JB Assad, DA Gher, ME TI Effect of flap design on healing and osseointegration of dental implants SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PERIODONTICS & RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID MULTICENTER AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate soft tissue healing and osseointegration of dental implants after the use of vestibular incision or crestal incision flap designs during placement of the dental implant fixture. A spilt-mouth design was used in 10 patients. The vestibular flap technique was used for half the implant fixtures and the crestal incision for the other half. Postsurgical healing was monitored for 30 days, and osseointegration at second-stage surgery was evaluated. The short-term results suggest that the use of either the vestibular incision or the crestal incision technique did not affect overall clinical healing or osseointegration. C1 USN,NAVAL DENT CLIN,DEPT PERIODONT,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. USN,DEPT PERIODONT,NAVAL DENT CLIN PEARL HARBOR,PENSACOLA,FL. RP Hunt, BW (reprint author), USN,SCH DENT,NATL NAVAL MED CTR,DEPT PERIODONT,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU QUINTESSENCE PUBL CO INC PI CAROL STREAM PA 551 KIMBERLY DR, CAROL STREAM, IL 60188-1881 SN 0198-7569 J9 INT J PERIODONT REST JI Int. J. Periodontics Restor. Dent. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 16 IS 6 BP 583 EP 593 PG 11 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WA013 UT WOS:A1996WA01300008 ER PT J AU Welch, LR Yu, GH Ravindran, B Kurfess, F Henriques, J Wilson, M Samuel, AL Masters, MW AF Welch, LR Yu, GH Ravindran, B Kurfess, F Henriques, J Wilson, M Samuel, AL Masters, MW TI Reverse engineering of computer-based control systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENCE GRAPH AB This article presents a process for the reengineering of computer-based control systems, and describes tools that automate portions of the process. The intermediate representation (IR) for capturing features of computer-based systems during reverse engineering is presented. A novel feature of the IR is that it incorporates the control system software architecture, a view that enables information to be captured at five levels of granularity: the program level, the task level, the package level, the subprogram level, and the statement level. A reverse engineering toolset that constructs the IR from Ada programs, displays the IR, and computes concurrency, communication and object-orientedness metrics is presented. Also described is the design of hypermedia techniques that enhance the usability of the reverse engineering tools. C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT COMP SCI & ENGN,ARLINGTON,TX 76019. NEW JERSEY INST TECHNOL,DEPT COMP & INFORMAT SCI,NEWARK,NJ 07102. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN,VA 22448. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-1940 J9 INT J SOFTW ENG KNOW JI Int. J. Softw. Eng. Knowl. Eng. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 6 IS 4 BP 531 EP 547 DI 10.1142/S0218194096000223 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA VZ102 UT WOS:A1996VZ10200001 ER PT J AU Ngai, KL Rendell, RW Plazek, DJ AF Ngai, KL Rendell, RW Plazek, DJ TI General applicability of the coupling model to viscoelasticity of polymers: From local segmental motion to terminal flow SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Internal Friction and Ultrasonic Attenuation in Solids (ICIFUAS 11) CY JUL 07-11, 1996 CL ECOLE NATIONALE DE MECANIQUE ET AEROTECHNIQUE, POITIERS, FRANCE HO ECOLE NATIONALE DE MECANIQUE ET AEROTECHNIQUE ID GLASS TRANSFORMATION TEMPERATURE; CONDENSED MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS; ELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; DIELECTRIC-SPECTROSCOPY; AMORPHOUS POLYMERS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; CIS-POLYISOPRENE; THERMORHEOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY; HYDROGENATED POLYBUTADIENE; COOPERATIVE RELAXATIONS AB We survey the important problems in polymer viscoelasticity that impede progress in this field. These problems manifest themselves as spectacular anomalies in the viscoelastic data that have been reproduced in different polymers and in different laboratories, but have largely been put aside for lack of explanation. Without solving these difficult problems, there can be no satisfactory understanding of the viscoelastic properties of polymers spanning across the local segmental motion, the glass-rubber softening dispersion, the rubbery plateau and the terminal dispersion. The coupling model, which has general applicablity to various relaxation mechanisms of polymers and beyond polymers, is able to resolve all these problems. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15361. RP Ngai, KL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 77 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD DEC PY 1996 VL 6 IS C8 BP 555 EP 566 DI 10.1051/jp4:19968121 PG 12 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA WM772 UT WOS:A1996WM77200122 ER PT J AU Kant, RA Carosella, CA Hubler, GK AF Kant, RA Carosella, CA Hubler, GK TI High resolution loss spectroscopy of quartz SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Internal Friction and Ultrasonic Attenuation in Solids (ICIFUAS 11) CY JUL 07-11, 1996 CL ECOLE NATIONALE DE MECANIQUE ET AEROTECHNIQUE, POITIERS, FRANCE HO ECOLE NATIONALE DE MECANIQUE ET AEROTECHNIQUE AB Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) scientists have developed an instrument that has extreme sensitivity to energy dissipation in mechanical resonators. While previous instruments measured loss to one part in ten, the new instrument measures mechanical loss to one part in 10(4) or better. Low defect levels, that result in small residuals of loss above background, are detectable because of the instrument's high resolution. We have used the resonator to examine loss spectroscopy of quartz resonators vibrating in flexure. The resonators have a large background loss that peaks up at low temperature. Although the peak very closely fits a Debye-like equation, the derived parameters, such as the decay time prefactor, are unphysical. RP Kant, RA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD DEC PY 1996 VL 6 IS C8 BP 837 EP 840 DI 10.1051/jp4:19968180 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA WM772 UT WOS:A1996WM77200181 ER PT J AU Lin, FL AF Lin, FL TI Rifampin-induced deterioration in steroid-dependent asthma SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 USN HOSP,NAVAL MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DIV ALLERGY,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Lin, FL (reprint author), USN HOSP,DEPT CLIN INVEST,NAVAL MED CTR,34800 BOB WILSON DR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 3 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 98 IS 6 BP 1125 EP 1125 DI 10.1016/S0091-6749(96)80203-X PN 1 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA WB378 UT WOS:A1996WB37800021 PM 8977517 ER PT J AU Symonds, CL AF Symonds, CL TI Davis and Lee at war - Woodworth,SE SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP Symonds, CL (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGAN AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47401 SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 83 IS 3 BP 1022 EP 1022 DI 10.2307/2945701 PG 1 WC History SC History GA VW921 UT WOS:A1996VW92100062 ER PT J AU Sankar, N Kumar, V Yun, XP AF Sankar, N Kumar, V Yun, XP TI Velocity and acceleration analysis of contact between three-dimensional rigid bodies SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID KINEMATICS AB During manipulation and locomotion tasks encountered in robotics, it is often necessary to control the relative motion between two contacting rigid bodies. In this paper we obtain the equations relating the motion of the contact points on the pair of contacting bodies to the rigid-body motions of the two bodies. The equations are developed rep to the second order. The velocity and acceleration constraints for contact, for rolling, and for pure rolling are derived. These equations depend on the local surface properties of each contacting body. Several examples are presented to illustrate the nature of the equations. C1 UNIV PENN,DEPT MECH ENGN & APPL MECH,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP Sankar, N (reprint author), QUEENS UNIV,DEPT COMP & INFORMAT SCI,KINGSTON,ON K7L 3N6,CANADA. RI Kumar, Vijay/B-8982-2013 NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0021-8936 J9 J APPL MECH-T ASME JI J. Appl. Mech.-Trans. ASME PD DEC PY 1996 VL 63 IS 4 BP 974 EP 984 DI 10.1115/1.2787255 PG 11 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA WE860 UT WOS:A1996WE86000017 ER PT J AU Yu, H Sanday, SC Bacon, DJ AF Yu, H Sanday, SC Bacon, DJ TI Elastic force on a point defect in or near a surface layer SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB The elastic force on a point defect within or near a surface layer is determined by the image method. There is no stable equilibrium position for the point defect in the surface layer, it is attracted either to the free surface or to the interface. When the point defect ts in the substrate it is attracted to the interface when the surface layer is softer than the substrate and to an equilibrium position in the substrate when the surface layer is stiffer than the substrate, the equilibrium position being a function of the elastic constants and the layer thickness. C1 UNIV LIVERPOOL,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. RP Yu, H (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0021-8936 J9 J APPL MECH-T ASME JI J. Appl. Mech.-Trans. ASME PD DEC PY 1996 VL 63 IS 4 BP 1042 EP 1045 PG 4 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA WE860 UT WOS:A1996WE86000028 ER PT J AU Nolas, GS Harris, VG Tritt, TM Slack, GA AF Nolas, GS Harris, VG Tritt, TM Slack, GA TI Low-temperature transport properties of the mixed-valence semiconductor Ru0.5Pd0.5Sb3 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; EDGE; ABSORPTION; SPECTRA AB We have measured the transport properties of Ru0.5Pd0.5Sb3 from 300 down to 4 K and compared them to those of the binary-skutterudite antimonides. In particular, the lattice thermal conductivity of this compound is substantially lower than that of CoSb3 and IrSb3. This is attributed to the mixed-valency of ruthenium in this compound. Using near-edge extended absorption fine structure analysis, it is observed that ruthenium in this compound is in the RU(4+)- and Ru2+-valence states in approximately equal proportions. The potential for thermoelectric applications of this material is also discussed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,MAT PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,DEPT PHYS,TROY,NY 12180. RP Nolas, GS (reprint author), MARLOW IND,DIV RES & DEV,DALLAS,TX 75238, USA. RI Harris, Vincent/A-8337-2009 NR 39 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 11 BP 6304 EP 6308 DI 10.1063/1.363707 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VV267 UT WOS:A1996VV26700033 ER PT J AU Sinkovits, RS DeVore, CR AF Sinkovits, RS DeVore, CR TI Direct simulation Monte Carlo study of H/H-2 and H/H-2/CO mixtures for diamond chemical vapor deposition SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SPHERE MOLECULAR-MODEL; GAS-MIXTURE; GROWTH; CHEMISTRY; HYDROGEN; REACTORS; KINETICS; SURFACE; FILMS AB One-dimensional direct simulation Monte Carlo calculations have been carried out on H/H-2 and H/H-2/CO mixtures under operating conditions typical of diffusion-dominated diamond chemical vapor deposition processes. Mechanisms have been included in the model for the adsorption and recombination of hydrogen atoms on the diamond surface and the dissociation of molecular hydrogen at the interior of the reactor. Hydrogen atom fluxes and recombinative and conductive heat fluxes to the diamond surface are calculated as a function of pressure, gas composition, hydrogen dissociation and surface reaction probabilities, reactor temperature, and distance between the activating source and substrate. The numerical calculations are shown to be in excellent agreement with analytical results in the limiting regimes of free-streaming particles at low pressures and continuum hydrodynamics at high pressures. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Sinkovits, RS (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, COMPUTAT PHYS & FLUID DYNAM LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI DeVore, C/A-6067-2015 OI DeVore, C/0000-0002-4668-591X NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 11 BP 6474 EP 6488 DI 10.1063/1.363667 PG 15 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VV267 UT WOS:A1996VV26700059 ER PT J AU Okkonen, SR Jacobs, GA AF Okkonen, SR Jacobs, GA TI Aliased propagating mesoscale features in altimeter data SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOPEX/POSEIDON AB Analytical expressions are presented for calculating alias wavelengths and the direction of propagation resulting from sampling propagating mesoscale wave fields by Geosat and Topex altimeters. Idealized and realistic data are used to illustrate representative examples of spatially aliased propagating wave fields. RP Okkonen, SR (reprint author), OCEAN DYNAM & PREDICT BRANCH,NAVAL RES LAB,CODE 7320,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 13 IS 6 BP 1311 EP 1316 DI 10.1175/1520-0426(1996)013<1311:APMFIA>2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VX837 UT WOS:A1996VX83700015 ER PT J AU Kapur, R Spargo, BJ Chen, MS Calvert, JM Rudolph, AS AF Kapur, R Spargo, BJ Chen, MS Calvert, JM Rudolph, AS TI Fabrication and selective surface modification of 3-dimensionally textured biomedical polymers from etched silicon substrates SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MICROTEXTURED SILICONE; DEPOSITION; GROWTH; CELLS; LASER; FILMS AB A new method is described for producing biomedically relevant polymers with precisely defined micron scale surface texture in the x, y, and z planes, Patterned Si templates were fabricated using photolithography to create a relief pattern in photoresist with lateral dimensions as small as 1 mu m. Electroless Ni was selectively deposited in the trenches of the patterned substrate, The Ni served as a resilient mask for transferring the patterns onto the Si substrate to depths of up to 8.5 mu m by anisotropic reactive ion etching with a fluorine-based plasma, The 3-dimensional (3-D) textured silicon substrates were used as robust, reusable molds for pattern transfer onto poly(dimethyl siloxane), low density poly(ethylene), poly(L-lactide), and poly(glycolide) by either casting or injection molding, The fidelity of the pattern transfer from the silicon substrates to the polymers was 90 to 95% in all three planes for ail polymers for more than 60 transfers from a single wafer, as determined by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, Further, the 3-D textured polymers were selectively modified to coat proteins either in the trenches or on the mesas by capillary modification or selective coating techniques, These selectively patterned 3-D polymer substrates may be useful for a variety of biomaterial applications. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,WASHINGTON,DC. GEOCENTERS INC,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20744. RP Kapur, R (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,CODE 6900,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 22 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-9304 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 33 IS 4 BP 205 EP 216 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(199624)33:4<205::AID-JBM1>3.0.CO;2-T PG 12 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA VW322 UT WOS:A1996VW32200001 PM 8953387 ER PT J AU Michalopoulou, ZH Porter, MB Ianniello, JP AF Michalopoulou, ZH Porter, MB Ianniello, JP TI Broadband source localization in the Gulf of Mexico SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL ACOUSTICS LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW-WATER; ARRAY AB The Gulf of Mexico experiment involved a broadband source (100-600 Hz) transmitting pseudorandom noise. The acoustic field was received by five hydrophones positioned vertically in the water column. By performing a correlation between the received time series and the transmitted signal, an approximation of the impulse response for the ocean channel is obtained. This impulse response is readily interpretable to yield information about the experiment, especially its geometry including receiver and bottom dept hs. With this refined environmental information, Re then apply matched-field processing to obtain the source position. C1 NEW JERSEY INST TECHNOL,CTR APPL MATH & STAT,NEWARK,NJ 07102. USN,CTR UNDERSEA WARFARE,NEW LONDON,CT 06320. RP Michalopoulou, ZH (reprint author), NEW JERSEY INST TECHNOL,DEPT MATH,NEWARK,NJ 07102, USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-396X J9 J COMPUT ACOUST JI J. Comput. Acoust. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 4 IS 4 BP 361 EP 370 DI 10.1142/S0218396X9600012X PG 10 WC Acoustics; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Acoustics; Mathematics GA VZ785 UT WOS:A1996VZ78500002 ER PT J AU Butcher, JD Zukowski, CW Brannen, SJ Fieseler, C OConnor, FG Farrish, S Lillegard, WA AF Butcher, JD Zukowski, CW Brannen, SJ Fieseler, C OConnor, FG Farrish, S Lillegard, WA TI Patient profile, referral sources, and consultant utilization in a primary care sports medicine clinic SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE sports medicine; primary health care; referral and consultation; repetition strain injury; sprains and strains AB BACKGROUND. Sports medicine has matured as a focused discipline within primary care with the number of primary care sports medicine physicians growing annually. The practices of these physicians range from ''part-time'' sports medicine as a part of a broader practice in their primary specialty, to functioning as a full-time team physician for a university or college. Managed care organizations are increasingly incorporating primary care sports medicine providers into their organizations. The optimal role of these providers in a managed care system has not been described. METHODS. A descriptive analysis was made of patient contacts in a referral-based, free-standing primary care sports medicine clinic associated with a large managed care system. This study describes patient information including demographic data, referral source, primary diagnosis, specialized diagnostic testing, and subsequent specialty consultation. RESULTS. A total of 1857 patient contacts were analyzed. New patients were referred from a full range of physicians both primary care (family practice, internal medicine, pediatrics, and emergency physicians) and other specialists, with family practice clinic providers (physicians, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners) accounting for the largest percentage of new referrals. The majority of patient visits were for orthopedic injuries (95.4%); the most frequently involved injury sites were: knee (26.5%), shoulder (18.2%), back (14.3%), and ankle (10%). The most common types of injury were: tendinitis (21.3%), chronic anterior knee pain (10.6%), and ligament sprains (9.9%). Specialized testing was requested for 8% of all patients. The majority of patients were treated at the Ft Belvoir Sports Medicine Clinic by primary care sports medicine physicians without further specialty referral, CONCLUSIONS. Primary care sports medicine physicians offer an intermediate level of care for patients while maintaining a practice in their primary care specialty. This dual practice is ideal in the managed care setting. This study demonstrates the complementary nature of primary care sports medicine and orthopedics, with the primary care sports medicine physician reducing the demand on orthopedists for nonsurgical treatment, This study also demonstrates the need for revision in the orthopedic curriculum for primary care physicians. C1 DWIGHT D EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT FAMILY PRACTICE,FT GORDON,GA 30905. USN ACAD,DEPT ORTHOPED,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. FT BELVOIR SPORTS MED CLIN,FT BELVOIR,VA. DULUTH CTR SPORTS MED,DULUTH,MN. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU APPLETON & LANGE PI E NORWALK PA 25 VAN ZANT ST, E NORWALK, CT 06855 SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 6 BP 556 EP 560 PG 5 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VY414 UT WOS:A1996VY41400017 PM 8969703 ER PT J AU Huyer, SA Grant, JR AF Huyer, SA Grant, JR TI Computation of unsteady separated flow fields using anisotropic vorticity elements SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID VORTEX METHODS; CONSTANT-RATE; AIRFOIL; SIMULATION AB A novel computational methodology to compute two-dimensional unsteady separated pow fields using a vorticity based formulation is presented Unlike traditional vor-tex methods, the elements used in this method are designed to take advantage of the natural anisotropy of most external flows. These vortex elements are disjoint and of compact support. The vorticity is uniform over rectangular elements whose initial thickness is set by a diffusion length scale. The elements are a mathematical construction which enables the vorticity of the flow to be created and followed numerically, and the Biot-Savart integral to be performed This integral specifies the associated velocity field. Since the vorticity of a single element is of finite extent, the velocity associated with an element is given by a nonsingular expression. Viscous diffusion effects are modeled using random walk and the advection term is computed by transporting the vorticity elements with the local velocity field Consequently, this Lagrangian mesh continually evolves through time. Since pressure does not explicitly appear in the formulation surface pressures are computed using a stagnation enthalpy formulation. These elements are used to compute vorticity production, accumulation, transport and viscous diffusion mechanisms for unsteady separated flow fields past a pitching airfoil. Dynamic stall vortex initiation and development were examined and compared with existing experimental data. Surface pressure data and integrated force coefficient data were found to be in excellent agreement with experimental data. Effects of geometry were provided with baseline calculations of the unsteady flow past an impulsively started cylinder. Both qualitative and quantitative comparisons with experimental data for equivalent test conditions establish the applicability of this approach to depict unsteady separated flow fields. RP Huyer, SA (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,NEWPORT,RI 02841, USA. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD DEC PY 1996 VL 118 IS 4 BP 839 EP 849 DI 10.1115/1.2835518 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA WD487 UT WOS:A1996WD48700033 ER PT J AU Bandyopadhyay, PR AF Bandyopadhyay, PR TI Small silicon pressure transducers for space-time correlation measurements in a flat plate boundary layer SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Editorial Material RP Bandyopadhyay, PR (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,NEWPORT,RI 02840, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD DEC PY 1996 VL 118 IS 4 BP 879 EP 879 DI 10.1115/1.2835528 PG 1 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA WD487 UT WOS:A1996WD48700043 ER PT J AU Farabee, TM Casarella, MJ AF Farabee, TM Casarella, MJ TI Small silicon pressure transducers for space-time correlation measurements in a flat plate boundary layer - Comment SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Editorial Material C1 CATHOLIC UNIV AMER,DEPT MECH ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20064. RP Farabee, TM (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CODE 725,BETHESDA,MD 20084, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD DEC PY 1996 VL 118 IS 4 BP 880 EP 881 DI 10.1115/1.2835531 PG 2 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA WD487 UT WOS:A1996WD48700046 ER PT J AU Keith, WL AF Keith, WL TI Small silicon pressure transducers for space-time correlation measurements in a flat plate boundary layer - Comment SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Editorial Material RP Keith, WL (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,SUBMARINE SONAR DEPT,NEW LONDON DETACHMENT,NEW LONDON,CT 06320, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD DEC PY 1996 VL 118 IS 4 BP 880 EP 880 DI 10.1115/1.2835530 PG 1 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA WD487 UT WOS:A1996WD48700045 ER PT J AU Keskinen, MJ Ganguli, G AF Keskinen, MJ Ganguli, G TI Simulation of dynamics and structure in the black aurora SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIVERGING ELECTRIC-FIELDS; KINETIC ALFVEN WAVES; NONLINEAR EVOLUTION; VELOCITY SHEAR; FREJA; DISTORTIONS; INSTABILITY; IONOSPHERE; FLOW AB Simulations Of the dynamics and structure associated with the black aurora have been performed. We find that the nonlinear evolution of the stratified Kelvin-Helmholtz shear instability in the presence of a density gradient leads to structured vortices and electric fields in addition to large density depletions. Timescales for vortex generation, roll-up, and breaking are of the order of a second with spatial scales of the order of several hundred meters to several kilometers. Good agreement is found between simulation results and recent experimental observations. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,BEAM PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Keskinen, MJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,CHARGED PARTICLE PHYS BRANCH,CODE 6794,4555 OVERLOOK AVE,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A12 BP 26995 EP 26999 DI 10.1029/96JA02175 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VW423 UT WOS:A1996VW42300026 ER PT J AU Rowland, HL Keskinen, MJ Villasenor, JS Wong, AY AF Rowland, HL Keskinen, MJ Villasenor, JS Wong, AY TI Observations and simulations of VLF harmonic generation with the high-power auroral simulation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POLAR ELECTROJET; ELF GENERATION; WAVES; EFFICIENCY; IONOSPHERE; RADIATION; SATELLITE; FACILITY; HEATER AB We report experimental results from the high-power auroral simulation facility showing that the lower D region can be heated so as to produce either a single, narrowband ELF/VLF radiation signal at the modulation frequency or a signal containing the modulation frequency and many odd harmonics. The measurements are compared to a new 2 1/2-dimensional simulation code that models the lower D region and the Earth ionospheric waveguide. The simulation spectra show good agreement with the observations. Rapidly switching the HF power off and on leads to perturbing currents in the D region that vary in time in a square wave type pattern. This generates an ELF/VLF wave with high, odd harmonics observed up to n=13 (f = nf(0,) where f(0) is the modulating frequency). A more smoothly changing power variation generates a narrowband signal at f(0). Simulations show how the D region affects the spectral shape. From these results we find that the heating should occur at a low altitude in the D region (approximately 75 km). Using the simulation results, we determine that the D region current needed to produce the magnetic field spectrum with the odd harmonics has a square wave time variation. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Rowland, HL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,BEAM PHYS BRANCH,CODE 6790,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A12 BP 27027 EP 27033 DI 10.1029/96JA02331 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VW423 UT WOS:A1996VW42300029 ER PT J AU Maurice, S Engle, IM Blanc, M Skubis, M AF Maurice, S Engle, IM Blanc, M Skubis, M TI Geometry of Saturn's magnetopause model SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOSPHERE SHAPE; DIPOLE; FIELD; SURFACE AB We report on an idealized three-dimensional model of Saturn's magnetopause. Using the subsolar point distance R(0) = 24 R(A), we provide an analytical parameterization of the magnetopause model described by Maurice and Engle [1995]. This representation of Saturn's magnetopause is consistent with Voyager 1 magnetopause crossing observations. The magnetopause shape is then scaled to 17 R(A) less than or equal to R(0) less than or equal to 45 R(S) and applied to Pioneer 11 and Voyager 2 observations. Results highlight variations of R(0) during magnetopause crossings (over a few hours) and/or between inbound and outbound crossings (over a few days). Finally, we extend the parameterization of Saturn's magnetopause to nonzero dipole tilt angles. The model is intended for use in support of the Cassini mission. C1 OBSERV MIDI PYRENEES,ASTROPHYS LAB,F-31400 TOULOUSE,FRANCE. USN ACAD,DEPT PHYS,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. RP Maurice, S (reprint author), EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY,ESTEC,DEPT SPACE SCI,NL-2200 AG NOORDWIJK,NETHERLANDS. NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A12 BP 27053 EP 27059 DI 10.1029/96JA02605 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VW423 UT WOS:A1996VW42300033 ER PT J AU Chen, J AF Chen, J TI Theory of prominence eruption and propagation: Interplanetary consequences SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID CORONAL MASS-EJECTIONS; DISAPPEARING SOLAR FILAMENTS; MAGNETIC CLOUDS; GEOMAGNETIC-ACTIVITY; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATION; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION; LOOP TRANSIENTS; 1 AU; WIND AB The dynamics of solar magnetic flux ropes are investigated. The model starts with an equilibrium flux rope which contains a low-density hot component and a denser cold component, qualitatively resembling a prominence cavity with an embedded prominence. The ''eruption'' of the entire flux rope is triggered by an increase in the poloidal magnetic flux of the structure. The subsequent expansion of the flux rope through a model corona and solar wind is analyzed using macroscopic quantities, including the forces, apex speed and height from the Sun, and magnetic field. The computed flux rope properties are in good agreement with those of observed magnetic clouds. On the basis of these results, magnetic clouds are identified as the interplanetary counterpart of the magnetic field and plasma of the initial cavity. The dense cold component, although drained out near the Sun, significantly influences the resulting magnetic structure in the heliosphere. After a cloud passes 1 AU, it is found that the magnetic field strength of the flux rope at 1 AU continues to-decrease and that the magnetic energy in any finite heliocentric sphere vanishes as similar to f(-1) even with zero resistivity, where tis time. The cumulative magnetic energy inside the 1 AU sphere associated with repeated eruptions of flux ropes is calculated. RP Chen, J (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, DIV PLASMA PHYS, BEAM PHYS BRANCH, CODE 6790, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 108 TC 241 Z9 247 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A12 BP 27499 EP 27519 DI 10.1029/96JA02644 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VW423 UT WOS:A1996VW42300070 ER PT J AU Golden, MS Boske, T Kielwein, M Knupfer, M Knauff, O Haffner, S Behr, G Fink, J Barman, SR Teehan, DA Robinson, AW Pickett, WE Singh, DJ Hilscher, G AF Golden, MS Boske, T Kielwein, M Knupfer, M Knauff, O Haffner, S Behr, G Fink, J Barman, SR Teehan, DA Robinson, AW Pickett, WE Singh, DJ Hilscher, G TI The electronic structure of intermetallic borocarbide and related superconductors from high energy spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Physics and Chemistry of Molecular and Oxide Superconductors CY AUG 02-06, 1996 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY ID YNI2B2C; PHOTOEMISSION; LA3NI2B2N3 AB Photoemission has beet? applied to study the electronic structure of YNi2B2C and related materials, with comparison of the results with the density of states generated from band structure calculations. The absence in photoemission of the predicted peak in the density of states at the Fermi level in undoped YNi2B2C, and the inconsistency of the photoemission data with a rigid-band model for the effects of Co doping on the electronic structure of YNi2-xCoxB2C are discussed In addition, recent photoemission data from the nerv superconductor La3Ni2B2N3 are presented. C1 SERC,DARESBURY LAB,DRAL,WARRINGTON WA4 4AD,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. UNIV BIRMINGHAM,SCH PHYS & SPACE RES,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TT,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. VIENNA TECH UNIV,INST EXPT PHYS,A-1040 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. RP Golden, MS (reprint author), INST FESTKORPER & WERKSTROFFORSCH DRESDEN,D-01171 DRESDEN,GERMANY. RI Golden, Mark/D-3469-2011; Singh, David/I-2416-2012; Fink, Joerg/A-6003-2012; Roy Barman, Sudipta/B-2026-2010 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 105 IS 5-6 BP 1617 EP 1622 DI 10.1007/BF00753931 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WC027 UT WOS:A1996WC02700089 ER PT J AU Wolf, SA Patten, FW AF Wolf, SA Patten, FW TI Electronic applications of high temperature superconductors SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Physics and Chemistry of Molecular and Oxide Superconductors CY AUG 02-06, 1996 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY AB Over the last decade there have emerged many electronic applications of HTS technology which have important military as well as commercial implications. Examples of these include space communications, terrestrial wireless communications, radar, surveillance, countermeasures, medical applications and cryo-electronics. I will review many of the efforts in in this area that have been supported by the DoD which has invested over $350M on this technology. In addition I will discuss the efforts to develop cryocoolers to support the HTS technology. C1 DEF SCI OFF,DARPA,ARLINGTON,VA 22203. RP Wolf, SA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Wolf, Stuart/A-7513-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 105 IS 5-6 BP 1761 EP 1767 DI 10.1007/BF00753953 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WC027 UT WOS:A1996WC02700111 ER PT J AU Wax, JR Wood, RE AF Wax, JR Wood, RE TI Maternal abdominal contours and their implications for labor and delivery SO JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE dystocia; cesarean section; labor AB Objective: To test the hypothesis that a markedly protuberant and unusually contoured fundus is not associated with an increased risk of dystocia, cesarean delivery, and adverse obstetrical outcome. Methods: A prospective blinded evaluation of 128 consecutive term laboring subjects with a single vertex fetus was performed by one or both authors. Inspection of the maternal abdomen categorized the contour as symmetrical with a central prominence (type I) or asymmetrical with a fundal prominence (type II). Patient demographics, intrapartum data, and maternal-fetal outcomes were compared by the Student t-test, Mann Whitney U test, or Fisher exact test. Interobserver agreement was evaluated by the kappa coefficient. Results: Ninety-six subjects had type I contours, and 32 subjects had type II contours. No differences in demographics, intrapartum data, mode of delivery, or adverse maternal-fetal outcomes were observed. Thirty-two subjects were evaluated by both examiners, who agreed on the presence of a type I contour in 22 women and the presence of a type II contour in 7 women. The kappa coefficient was 0.86, indicating excellent interobserver agreement in categorizing the maternal abdominal contour. Conclusions: The determination of a protuberant, asymmetric maternal abdominal contour is highly reliable, carries no clinical significance for parturition, and should be considered a normal variant. RP Wax, JR (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,DIV MATERNAL FETAL MED,PORTSMOUTH,VA 23708, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0939-6322 J9 J MATERN-FETAL INVES JI J. Matern.-Fetal Invest. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 6 IS 1 BP 31 EP 34 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA TW355 UT WOS:A1996TW35500008 ER PT J AU Gluckman, BJ Neel, EJ Netoff, TI Ditto, WL Spano, ML Schiff, SJ AF Gluckman, BJ Neel, EJ Netoff, TI Ditto, WL Spano, ML Schiff, SJ TI Electric field suppression of epileptiform activity in hippocampal slices SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID APPLIED CURRENTS; EXCITABILITY; STIMULATION; POTASSIUM; PURKINJE; EPILEPSY; INVITRO; CELLS AB 1. The effects of relatively small external DC electric fields on synchronous activity in CAI and CA3 from transverse and longitudinal type hippocampal slices were studied. 2. To record neuronal activity during significant field changes, differential DC amplification was employed with a reference electrode aligned along an isopotential with the recording electrode. 3. Suppression of epileptiform activity was observed in 31 of 33 slices independent of region studied and type of slice but was highly dependent on field orientation with respect to the apical dendritic-somatic axis. 4. Modulation of neuronal activity in these experiments was readily observed at field strengths less than or equal to 5-10 mV/mm. Suppression was seen with the field oriented (positive to negative potential) from the soma to the apical dentrites. 5. In vivo application of these results may be feasible. C1 CHILDRENS NATL MED CTR,DEPT NEUROSURG,WASHINGTON,DC 20010. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,WHITE OAK LAB,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,WASHINGTON,DC. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,PROGRAM NEUROSCI,WASHINGTON,DC. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH PHYS,ATLANTA,GA 30332. RI Spano, Mark/B-6883-2011; OI Ditto, William/0000-0002-7416-8012 FU NIMH NIH HHS [1R29-MH-50006-04] NR 18 TC 105 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3077 J9 J NEUROPHYSIOL JI J. Neurophysiol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 76 IS 6 BP 4202 EP 4205 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Physiology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA WA803 UT WOS:A1996WA80300058 PM 8985916 ER PT J AU Gardner, MJ Doolan, DL Hedstrom, RC Wang, RB Sedegah, M Gramzinski, RA Aguiar, JC Wang, H Margalith, M Hobart, P Hoffman, SL AF Gardner, MJ Doolan, DL Hedstrom, RC Wang, RB Sedegah, M Gramzinski, RA Aguiar, JC Wang, H Margalith, M Hobart, P Hoffman, SL TI DNA vaccines against malaria: Immunogenicity and protection in a rodent model SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Formulations and Drug Delivery CY OCT 10-13, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA ID YOELII CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; SPOROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-2; CD8+ T-CELLS; PLASMODIUM-YOELII; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; INTERFERON-GAMMA; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; ANTIGEN; RECOMBINANT AB Since the first demonstration of the technology a few years ago, DNA vaccines have emerged as a promising method of vaccination. In a variety of experimental systems, DNA vaccines have been shown not only to induce potent immune responses, but also to offer many advantages in terms of ease of construction, testing, and production. In this article we summarize the progress achieved in development of DNA vaccines that can protect mice from infection by the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii, describe initial studies of immunogenicity of a malaria DNA vaccine in a primate model, and outline the strategies being employed to design the next generation of malaria DNA vaccines. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889. VICAL INC,SAN DIEGO,CA 92121. RI Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015 NR 56 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSN PI WASHINGTON PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 85 IS 12 BP 1294 EP 1300 DI 10.1021/js960147h PG 7 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA VW460 UT WOS:A1996VW46000008 PM 8961142 ER PT J AU Staschen, CM Homer, LD AF Staschen, CM Homer, LD TI Experimental design and estimation of parameters in complex radioligand binding systems SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOKINETICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS LA English DT Article DE experimental design; radioligand binding; allosteric model; equilibrium; nonequilibrium; nonlinear regression analysis ID QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; RECEPTOR SUBTYPES; ANTAGONIST; INHIBITION; MODEL; EQUILIBRIUM; MYOCARDIUM; GALLAMINE AB A computer was used to simulate data from typical radioligand binding experiments with a 2-site competitive-allosteric model of a receptor. The 4 equilibrium parameters of this model cannot be estimated by fitting the model to equilibrium data. Data from simulations of association experiments give satisfactory estimates of the 9 competitive-allosteric model parameters, From the kinetic parameters, equilibrium constants may be calculated. Combining data from equilibrium simulations with data from association simulations provided estimates of the model parameters with smaller standard deviations. A further improvement in design was shown possible by including simulated experiments in which receptor was preincubated with inhibitor before adding ligand. This improvement was documented using Monte Carlo replications of parameter estimates using competing experimental designs. Replications also revealed certain biases in the parameter estimates and could provide a means of estimating those biases when parameter estimates are made using experimental rather than simulated data. Simulations offer a powerful tool in planning experiments designed to estimate kinetic parameters of a receptor system. This is especially true with complex systems that may require pooling data from different kinds of experiments in order to estimate the kinetic parameters. C1 EMANUEL HOSP & HLTH CTR,LEGACY RES,PORTLAND,OR 97227. RP Staschen, CM (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,THERMAL STRESS DIV 53,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0090-466X J9 J PHARMACOKINET BIOP JI J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 24 IS 6 BP 589 EP 609 DI 10.1007/BF02353482 PG 21 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA XV716 UT WOS:A1996XV71600004 PM 9300352 ER PT J AU Miller, AJ Lermusiaux, PFJ Poulain, PM AF Miller, AJ Lermusiaux, PFJ Poulain, PM TI A topographic-Rossby mode resonance over the Iceland-Faeroe Ridge SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID DIURNAL TIDAL CURRENTS; PLANETARY OSCILLATIONS; OCEAN; WAVES; CIRCULATION; PACIFIC AB An array of current meter moorings along 12 degrees W on the southern side of the Iceland-Faeroe Ridge reveals a narrowband barotropic oscillation with period 1.8 days in spectra of velocity. The signal is coherent over at least 55-km scales and propagates phase with shallow water on the right (toward the northwest). Velocity ellipses tend to be elongated (crossing contours of f/H) and rotate anticyclonically. Solutions of the rigid-lid barotropic shallow-water equations predict the occurrence of a topographic-Rossby normal mode on the south side of the ridge with spatial Scales exceeding 250 km and with intrinsic period near 1.84 days. This fundamental mode of the south side of the ridge has predicted spatial structure, phase propagation, and velocity ellipses consistent with the observed oscillation. The frictional amplitude e-folding decay time for this normal mode is estimated from the observations to be 13 days. The observed ocean currents are significantly coherent with zonal wind stress fluctuations (but not with wind stress curl) in the relevant period band, which indicates the oscillation is wind forced. This appears to be the first clear evidence of a stochastically forced resonant barotropic topographic-Rossby normal mode in the ocean. C1 HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA. RP Miller, AJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SCRIPPS INST OCEANOG,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. RI Lermusiaux, Pierre/H-6003-2011; OI Poulain, Pierre-Marie/0000-0003-1342-8463 NR 25 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 26 IS 12 BP 2735 EP 2747 DI 10.1175/1520-0485(1996)026<2735:ATMROT>2.0.CO;2 PG 13 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WC962 UT WOS:A1996WC96200010 ER PT J AU Challenor, PG Read, JF Pollard, RT Tokmakian, RT AF Challenor, PG Read, JF Pollard, RT Tokmakian, RT TI Measuring surface currents in drake passage from altimetry and hydrography SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT; MISSION; EARTH AB This paper describes a new method for combining altimetry data with hydrography in order to produce absolute surface geostrophic currents from altimetry. This method is then applied to data from the Drake Passage allowing surface currents to be monitored every 35 days during the second half of 1992. The resulting currents show several regions of strong currents with water flowing to the east and other places where the currents are either zero or flowing to the west. After comparison with a model it is suggested that this structure Is a result of the bathymetry. C1 SOUTHAMPTON OCEANOG CTR,GEORGE DEACON DIV OCEAN PROC,SOUTHAMPTON SO14 3ZH,HANTS,ENGLAND. USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA. RP Challenor, PG (reprint author), SOUTHAMPTON OCEANOG CTR,JAMES RENNELL DIV OCEAN CIRCULAT,EMPRESS DOCK,SOUTHAMPTON SO14 3ZH,HANTS,ENGLAND. RI Challenor, Peter/M-2579-2016 OI Challenor, Peter/0000-0001-8661-2718 NR 24 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 26 IS 12 BP 2748 EP 2759 DI 10.1175/1520-0485(1996)026<2748:MSCIDP>2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WC962 UT WOS:A1996WC96200011 ER PT J AU Phillips, L AF Phillips, L TI States of minimum dissipation in magnetohydrodynamics: A review SO JOURNAL OF PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TURBULENT RELAXATION; OPTIMUM THEORY; PLASMAS; PINCH; MAGNETOFLUID; DISRUPTIONS; BOUNDS; RATES; MODEL AB The hypothesis that the steady, or statistically steady, states of a magnetofluid can be predicted by minimizing the integral of the total energy dissipation is discussed in relation to theorems in fluid dynamics. A survey is made of the recent literature wherein the hypothesis is used to predict magnetofluid behaviour and some related work. A detailed discussion of boundary conditions is provided, and we close with a brief summary of the current state of research. RP Phillips, L (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6440,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0022-3778 J9 J PLASMA PHYS JI J. Plasma Phys. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 56 BP 531 EP 551 PN 3 PG 21 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA WR143 UT WOS:A1996WR14300012 ER PT J AU Larraza, A Denardo, B Atchley, A AF Larraza, A Denardo, B Atchley, A TI Absorption of sound by noise in one dimension SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB Experimental results are presented for the excess attenuation of monofrequency waves in the presence of high-intensity noise in one dimension. The theory by Rudenko and Chirkin predicts a Gaussian attenuation of a weak signal in the presence of shockless noise, thus showing that in one dimension translational invariance has been broken. The theory is modified to incorporate wail losses providing, only then, excellent agreement with experiment. The agreement is shown as the frequency, noise level, and distance from the source are varied. In addition, the spectral intensity of the high-frequency tail of fully developed shockless noise is observed to be an f(-3) power law in the frequency f, in accord with theory. This power law is a consequence of the far off equilibrium nature of the system. (C) 1996 Acoustical Society of America. C1 UNIV MISSISSIPPI,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677. UNIV MISSISSIPPI,NATL CTR PHYS ACOUST,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677. RP Larraza, A (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT PHYS,CODE PH LA,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 100 IS 6 BP 3554 EP 3560 DI 10.1121/1.417332 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA VX674 UT WOS:A1996VX67400008 ER PT J AU Carrelick, JM Carroll, G AF Carrelick, JM Carroll, G TI Compliant layer requirements for eliminating the plane wave reflection from submerged inertial panels SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter AB It is shown that the plane acoustic wave reflection from a submerged panel may be nulled with a compliant coating of constant storage modulus and modest loss factor at all frequencies for which the panel and coating are ''thin.'' (C) 1996 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,BETHESDA,MD 20084. RP Carrelick, JM (reprint author), CAMBRIDGE ACOUST ASSOCIATES INC,200 BOSTON AVE,SUITE 2500,MEDFORD,MA 02155, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 100 IS 6 BP 3971 EP 3972 PG 2 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA VX674 UT WOS:A1996VX67400047 ER PT J AU Westphal, DL Kinne, S Pilewskie, P Alvarez, JM Minnis, P Young, DF Benjamin, SG Eberhard, WL Kropfli, RA Matrosov, SY Snider, JB Uttal, TA Heymsfield, AJ Mace, GG Melfi, SH Starr, DO Soden, JJ AF Westphal, DL Kinne, S Pilewskie, P Alvarez, JM Minnis, P Young, DF Benjamin, SG Eberhard, WL Kropfli, RA Matrosov, SY Snider, JB Uttal, TA Heymsfield, AJ Mace, GG Melfi, SH Starr, DO Soden, JJ TI Initialization and validation of a simulation of cirrus using FIRE-II data SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID OCTOBER 1986; AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; RAMAN LIDAR; WATER-VAPOR; CLOUDS; ICE; SENSITIVITY; ABSORPTION AB Observations from a wide variety of instruments and platforms are used to validate many different aspects of a three-dimensional mesoscale simulation of the dynamics, cloud microphysics, and radiative transfer of a cirrus cloud system observed on 26 November 1991 during the second cirrus field program of the First International Satellite Cloud Climatology Program (ISCCP) Regional Experiment (FIRE-II) located in southeastern Kansas. The simulation was made with a mesoscale dynamical model utilizing a simplified bulk water cloud scheme and a spectral model of radiative transfer. Expressions for cirrus optical properties for solar and infrared wavelength intervals as functions of ice water content and effective particle radius are modified for the midlatitude cirrus observed during FIRE II and are shown to compare favorably with explicit size-resolving calculations of the optical properties. Rawinsonde. Raman lidar, and satellite data are evaluated and combined to produce a time-height cross section of humidity at the central FIRE-II site for model verification. Due to the wide spacing of rawinsondes and their infrequent release, important moisture features go undetected and are absent in the con ventional analyses. The upper-tropospheric humidities used for the initial conditions were generally less than 50% of those inferred from satellite data, yet over the course of a 24-h simulation the model produced a distribution that closely resembles the large-scale features of the satellite analysis. The simulated distribution and concentration of ice compares favorably wi th data from radar, lidar, satellite, and aircraft. Direct comparison is made between the radiative transfer simulation and data from broadband and spectral sensors and inferred quantities such as cloud albedo, optical depth, and top-of-the atmosphere 11-mu m brightness temperature, and the 6.7-mu m brightness temperature. Comparison is also made with theoretical heating rates calculated using the rawinsonde data and measured ice water size distributions hear the central site. For this case study, and perhaps for most other mesoscale applications, the differences between the observed and simulated radiative quantities are due more to errors in the prediction of ice water content, than to errors in the optical properties or the radiative transfer solution technique. C1 NASA,AMES RES CTR,MOFFETT FIELD,CA 94035. NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,HAMPTON,VA 23665. NOAA,FSL,BOULDER,CO. NOAA,ETL,BOULDER,CO. NCAR,BOULDER,CO. PENN STATE UNIV,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. PRINCETON UNIV,NOAA,GEOPHYS FLUID DYNAM LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08542. RP Westphal, DL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,7 GRACE HOPPER ST,STOP 2,MONTEREY,CA 94943, USA. RI Heymsfield, Andrew/E-7340-2011; Eberhard, Wynn/B-5402-2015; Benjamin, Stan/C-5818-2015; Minnis, Patrick/G-1902-2010 OI Benjamin, Stan/0000-0002-5751-8236; Minnis, Patrick/0000-0002-4733-6148 NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 23 BP 3397 EP 3429 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(1996)053<3397:IAVOAS>2.0.CO;2 PG 33 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VX673 UT WOS:A1996VX67300001 ER PT J AU Glendening, JW AF Glendening, JW TI Lineal eddy features under strong shear conditions SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER; COLD-AIR OUTBREAK; HORIZONTAL ROLL; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; TURBULENT TRANSPORT; EKMAN LAYER; VORTICES; INSTABILITY; CONVECTION; MODEL AB Large eddy simulation of a marine boundary layer (BL) with strong wind shear and weak buoyancy flux, over a relatively large horizontal domain (25 x 18 km) and long time period (16 h), produces lineal eddy structures with along-axis variations. These ''rolls'' are transient, their lifetime being roughly 8 h and their horizontal-to-vertical aspect ratio increases with time. At all heights above the surface layer, even above the BL, temporally coherent features propagate with a speed slightly slower than the vertically averaged BL velocity. The length scale of along-roll variation is about four and one-half times the corresponding cross-roll length scale. To examine the importance of the roll circulations, fluxes of momentum, heat, and water vapor are partitioned into roll and non-roll contributions, and additionally separated into contributions from the ascending and descending roll regions, to reveal differences in advective roll transport and in roll modulation of smaller-scale transfer. The roll influence is largest at mid-BL for momentum and moisture fluxes but largest near the BL top for heat flux. The implied K-theory mixing coefficients are quite different for each variable, even if the influence of the roll circulations is removed. Horizontal variations of surface flux are opposite in sign to flux variations within the BL bulk. RP Glendening, JW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,MARINE METEOROL DIV,GRACE HOPPER AVE,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 48 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 23 BP 3430 EP 3449 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(1996)053<3430:LEFUSS>2.0.CO;2 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VX673 UT WOS:A1996VX67300002 ER PT J AU Lee, HS Yang, XQ McBreen, J Choi, LS Okamoto, Y AF Lee, HS Yang, XQ McBreen, J Choi, LS Okamoto, Y TI The synthesis of a new family of anion receptors and the studies of their effect on ion pair dissociation and conductivity of lithium salts in nonaqueous solutions SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; COMPLEXES AB A new family of anion receptors, based on aza-ether compounds, has been synthesized. These compounds can have either cyclic or linear aza-ether structures in which the amine hydrogen is substituted with electron withdrawing groups such as CF3SO2-. When these compounds are added to Lithium salt nonaqueous electrolytes, such as LiCl/tetrahydrofuran (THF) or LiBr/THF solutions, the ionic conductivity can be dramatically increased. Near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy studies show that Cl- anions are complexed with the nitrogen groups in these compounds. The increase in ionic conductivity, the degree of complexation, and the stability of the complexes are related to the anion size and the structure of the aza compound. Unlike conventional anion complexing agents these compounds are not based on positively charged sites, Lewis acid metal centers, or hydrogen bonding, so they have the potential to be used as additives in lithium battery electrolytes. Details of the synthesis of several of these compounds are given. They can be synthesized with various geometries to accomodate polyatomic anions. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. POLYTECH INST NEW YORK,BROOKLYN,NY 11201. RP Lee, HS (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 11 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 143 IS 12 BP 3825 EP 3829 DI 10.1149/1.1837302 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA VZ933 UT WOS:A1996VZ93300010 ER PT J AU Gubler, KD Maier, RV Davis, R Koepsell, T Soderberg, R Rivara, FP AF Gubler, KD Maier, RV Davis, R Koepsell, T Soderberg, R Rivara, FP TI Trauma recidivism in the elderly SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th Annual Meeting of the Western-Trauma-Association CY FEB 26-MAR 01, 1996 CL GRAND TARGHEE, WY SP W Trauma Assoc DE trauma; injury; geriatric; aged; readmission; recidivism; recurrent; and comorbidity ID CO-MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; INDEX AB Background: The incidence of recurrent trauma in the elderly is unknown. This study evaluated the risk of readmission for injury among elderly trauma patients compared with an uninjured geriatric cohort, The effects of age, sea, race;preexisting illness, and ISS on trauma recidivism were determined, Methods: Population based retrospective cohort analysis of the elderly using administrative data from the Health Care Financing Administration was performed, The measured outcome was trauma admission within 5 years. The injured mere identified using hospital discharge data and the Injury Severity Score generated by ICD-Map. The uninjured were identified from Medicare eligibility files, Comorbid illness was assessed using ICD-9CM codes from outpatient and inpatient data files, Results: The injured members of the cohort had increased risk of subsequent new trauma admission (p < 0.001), Increasing Injury Severity Score, age, and comorbid illness are associated with trauma recidivism. Conclusion: Trauma in the elderly is recurrent, Further study. is required to develop age and injury specific interventions to prevent recurrent injury. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON, SCH MED, DEPT PEDIAT, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, SCH MED, DEPT SURG, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, SCH PUBL HLTH & COMMUNITY MED, DEPT EPIDEMIOL, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. USN, MED CTR, DEPT CLIN INVEST, SAN DIEGO, CA 92152 USA. USN, MED CTR, DEPT SURG, SAN DIEGO, CA 92152 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, HARBORVIEW MED CTR, HARBORVIEW INJURY PREVENT & RES CTR, SEATTLE, WA 98104 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R01-AA-07116]; PHS HHS [R40-CCR-00-2750] NR 29 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD DEC PY 1996 VL 41 IS 6 BP 952 EP 956 DI 10.1097/00005373-199612000-00002 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA VY407 UT WOS:A1996VY40700002 PM 8970545 ER PT J AU Dick, EJ Kittell, CL Meyer, H Farrar, PL Ropp, SL Esposito, JJ Buller, RML Neubauer, H Kang, YH McKee, AE AF Dick, EJ Kittell, CL Meyer, H Farrar, PL Ropp, SL Esposito, JJ Buller, RML Neubauer, H Kang, YH McKee, AE TI Mousepox outbreak in a laboratory mouse colony SO LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MICE INNATELY RESISTANT; ECTROMELIA VIRUS; INBRED MICE; LETHAL INFECTION; INCLUSION-BODY; COWPOX VIRUS; PROTEIN AB Mousepox was diagnosed in and eradicated from a laboratory mouse colony at the Naval Medical Research Institute. The outbreak began with increased mortality in a single room; subsequently, small numbers of animals in separate cages in other rooms were involved. Signs of disease were often mild, and overall mortality was low; BALB/cByJ mice were more severely affected, and many of them died spontaneously. Conjunctivitis was the most common clinical sign of disease in addition to occasional small, crusty scabs on sparsely haired or hairless areas of skin. Necropsy findings included conjunctivitis, enlarged spleen, and pale liver. Hemorrhage into the pyloric region of the stomach and proximal portion of the small. intestine was observed in experimentally infected animals. In immune competent and immune deficient mice, the most common histologic finding was multifocal to coalescing splenic necrosis; necrosis was seen less frequently in liver, lymph nodes, and Peyer's patches. Necrosis was rarely observed in ovary, vagina, uterus, colon, or lung. Splenic necrosis often involved over 50% of the examined tissue, including white and red pulp. Hepatic necrosis was evident as either large, well-demarcated areas of coagulative necrosis or as multiple, random, interlacing bands of necrosis. Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies were seen in conjunctival mucosae and haired palpebra. Ectromelia virus was confirmed as the causative agent of the epizootic by electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, animal inoculations, serologic testing, virus isolation, and polymerase chain reaction. Serologic testing was of little value in the initial stages of the outbreak, although 6 weeks later, orthopoxvirus-specific antibody was detected in colony mice by indirect fluorescent antibody and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay procedures. The outbreak originated from injection of mice with a contaminated, commercially produced, pooled mouse serum. The most relevant concern may be the unknown location of the source of the virus and the presence of a reservoir for this virus within the United States. C1 USN, MED RES INST, TECH SERV DEPT, BETHESDA, MD USA. FED ARMED FORCES MED ACAD, INST MICROBIOL, MUNICH, GERMANY. ST LOUIS UNIV, HLTH SCI CTR, SCH MED, DEPT MOL MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL, ST LOUIS, MO 63103 USA. ST LOUIS UNIV, HLTH SCI CTR, SCH MED, DEPT COMPARAT MED, ST LOUIS, MO 63103 USA. CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT, NATL CTR INFECT DIS, DIV VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS, ATLANTA, GA USA. NR 39 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 0023-6764 J9 LAB ANIM SCI JI Lab. Anim. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 46 IS 6 BP 602 EP 611 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA WC741 UT WOS:A1996WC74100002 PM 9001171 ER PT J AU Chu, PC AF Chu, PC TI The S-transform for obtaining localized spectra SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID BAROCLINIC INSTABILITY AB We used the recently developed S-transform, an extention to the ideas of the Gabor transform and wavelet transform, to analyze the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) sea level data set and to obtain the localized spectra, varying with time. Our S-spectra show some features that cannot be obtained from the Fourier transform, such as phase lock, temporal variability of spectra, and out-of-phase behavior of the semiannual, annual, and biannual signals between the western Pacific (Naura) station and the eastern Pacific (La Libertad) station. The annual signal is usually phase-locked with the semiannual signal, but not with the biannual signal. The annual signal is quite stationary in the western Pacific station and non-stationary in the eastern Pacific station. During 1980-84, the quasi-biannual (QB) signal was very strong at the western Pacific station and quite weak at the eastern Pacific station. However, during 1974-76 and 1986-90, the QB signal was weak at the western Pacific station and strong at the eastern Pacific station. This may imply different physical processes involved in the western and eastern Pacific during the El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) periods. RP Chu, PC (reprint author), USN, POSTGRAD SCH, MONTEREY, CA 93940 USA. NR 7 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI COLUMBIA PA 5565 STERRETT PLACE, STE 108, COLUMBIA, MD 21044 USA SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 29 IS 4 BP 28 EP 38 PG 11 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA UP589 UT WOS:A1995UP58900004 ER PT J AU Saunders, K AF Saunders, K TI Ocean instrumentation SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP Saunders, K (reprint author), NAVAL RES LAB, STENNIS SPACE CTR, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA C/O I CLAYION MATTHEWS, 1828 L ST, NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 29 IS 4 BP 54 EP 56 PG 3 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA UP589 UT WOS:A1995UP58900012 ER PT J AU Tseng, WF ChandlerHorowitz, D Papanicolaou, NA Boos, JB AF Tseng, WF ChandlerHorowitz, D Papanicolaou, NA Boos, JB TI Interdigitated hetero InGaAs/GaAs n-i-p-i modulators SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE interdigitated; shadow mask; n-i-p-i heterostructure; modulators; InGaAs/GaAs; MBE; semiconductors; electro-optic ID SHADOW MASK AB Interdigitated hetero InGaAs n-i-p-i InGaAs/GaAs modulators have been grown and fabricated by a shadow mask technique for selectively making contacts to n-and p-layers. Manipulations of exciton peak positions and intensities by external electrical bias and incident optical power have been demonstrated. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV ELECT SCI & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Tseng, WF (reprint author), NIST,DIV SEMICOND ELECT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-577X J9 MATER LETT JI Mater. Lett. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 29 IS 4-6 BP 249 EP 253 DI 10.1016/S0167-577X(96)00152-8 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VZ827 UT WOS:A1996VZ82700011 ER PT J AU Ohring, S Lugt, HJ AF Ohring, S Lugt, HJ TI Interaction of an obliquely rising vortex ring with a free surface in a viscous fluid SO MECCANICA LA English DT Article DE vortex-free-surface interaction; reconnection; vortex dynamics ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; PAIR; WALL AB A vortex ring, which approaches a free surface under various initial conditions and different values of Bow parameters, is investigated by means of numerical solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations. The study focuses on the connection process of the vortex ring with the free surface at low Reynolds number. Discrepancies between a numerical solution and experimental observations found recently with regard to the shape of the reconnected vorticity tubes have been resolved. The crucial parameter, which determines the essential differences at the low Reynolds number selected, is the angle of inclination at which the vortex ring rises toward the free surface. At an angle of inclination of 20 degrees circular vorticity tubes at the free surface evolve, while at an angle of 45 degrees the reconnection takes place in the form of an almost circular sheet. At higher Reynolds number this form of reconnection may change to the other form through instability. The possibility of vortex-ring reflection at the free surface is discussed. RP Ohring, S (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,BETHESDA,MD 20084, USA. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-6455 J9 MECCANICA JI Meccanica PD DEC PY 1996 VL 31 IS 6 BP 623 EP 655 DI 10.1007/BF00426971 PG 33 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA WD396 UT WOS:A1996WD39600002 ER PT J AU Lohrmann, DR AF Lohrmann, DR TI Simple technique modulates extended-interaction devices SO MICROWAVES & RF LA English DT Article AB MILLIMETER-WAVE extended-interaction oscillators and klystron amplifiers (EIOs and EIKAs) typically require a 3-kV key-on pulse between the tube's grid and cathode. However, the cathode is usually at a potential of -19 kV. Consequently, the 3-kV pulse to the grid and tube heater must be at that potential. A simple design method provides the required modulation of the tube cathode in a manner similar to the brightness keying of a television picture tube. RP Lohrmann, DR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5747,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENTON PUBL INC PI CLEVELAND PA 1100 SUPERIOR AVE, CLEVELAND, OH 44114 SN 0745-2993 J9 MICROWAVES RF JI Microw. RF PD DEC PY 1996 VL 35 IS 13 BP 115 EP & PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA WE769 UT WOS:A1996WE76900024 ER PT J AU Magnus, RH AF Magnus, RH TI The fragmentation of Afghanistan - Rubin,BR SO MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Magnus, RH (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIDDLE EAST INSTITUTE PI WASHINGTON PA 1761 N STREET NW, CIRCULATION DEPT, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2882 SN 0026-3141 J9 MIDDLE EAST J JI Middle East J. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 50 IS 1 BP 113 EP 114 PG 2 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA TW170 UT WOS:A1996TW17000007 ER PT J AU Edwards, M AF Edwards, M TI Benchmarks: Great Constitutional controversies in the Supreme Court - Eastland,T SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA,JUDGE ADVOCATE GEN SCH,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22901. RP Edwards, M (reprint author), USN,JUDGE ADVOCATE GEN CORPS,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 151 BP 276 EP 281 PG 6 WC Law SC Government & Law GA VP071 UT WOS:A1996VP07100014 ER PT J AU Beckman, TJ Lall, R Johnson, WB AF Beckman, TJ Lall, R Johnson, WB TI Salient personality characteristics among Navy divers SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB This study evaluated the personality characteristics of U.S. Navy divers. Seventy-two active duty Navy divers completed the Millon Index of Personality Styles. The sample strongly showed the traits of Enhancing, Modifying, Individuating, Thinking, and Controlling. The results are discussed in terms of adaptation to the environmental demands of military diving, Suggestions for further research are offered. RP Beckman, TJ (reprint author), USN,MED CLIN,BOX 121,HONOLULU,HI 96860, USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 161 IS 12 BP 717 EP 719 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VY074 UT WOS:A1996VY07400002 PM 8990825 ER PT J AU Etienne, HB Langenberg, SL AF Etienne, HB Langenberg, SL TI The reengineering of Naval Hospital Charleston SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Current changes in the practice of medicine and the downsizing of the military have resulted in the necessity to look at alternatives to current military hospital structure. Based on business case analysis and other economic factors, Naval Hospital Charleston has undergone a reorganization and introduced a primary care-based health care system. This model provides efficient, high-quality health care and addresses the need to maintain adequate support for operational forces. RP Etienne, HB (reprint author), USN HOSP,3600 RIVERS AVE,CHARLESTON,SC 29405, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 161 IS 12 BP 726 EP 727 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VY074 UT WOS:A1996VY07400005 PM 8990828 ER PT J AU Jamur, MC Hamawy, MM Grodzki, AC Siraganian, RP Oliver, C AF Jamur, MC Hamawy, MM Grodzki, AC Siraganian, RP Oliver, C TI Identification of a putative mast cell precursor using mast cell specific antibody BGD6 SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV FED PARANA,DEPT BIOL CELULAR,BR-80060000 CURITIBA,PARANA,BRAZIL. NIDR,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. OFF NAVAL RES,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD DEC PY 1996 VL 7 SU S BP 876 EP 876 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA WB018 UT WOS:A1996WB01800875 ER PT J AU Yu, EZY Xu, L Pikoulis, E Sun, LY Malcolm, D Nielsen, TB AF Yu, EZY Xu, L Pikoulis, E Sun, LY Malcolm, D Nielsen, TB TI Apoptosis and cell proliferation in rat epidermis following combined hemorrhage and incisional wound. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD DEC PY 1996 VL 7 SU S BP 1124 EP 1124 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA WB018 UT WOS:A1996WB01801125 ER PT J AU Kassim, NE Frail, DA AF Kassim, NE Frail, DA TI A new supernova remnant over the Galactic Centre SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Letter DE ISM, individual, G0.33+0.04; supernova remnants; Galaxy, centre; radio continuum, general ID SAGITTARIUS-A COMPLEX; IONIZED-GAS; SGR-A; RADIO; EMISSION; IMAGES; REGION AB Improved images and a newly determined spectrum - from 80 MHz to 15 GHz have clarified the nature of the radio source G0.33 + 0.04 at the Galactic Centre. Its non-thermal spectral index and its shelf-like morphology favour an interpretation that it is a supernova remnant. Furthermore, the absorption characteristics of the continuum spectrum at the lowest frequencies and its elongation along the plane suggest that, like Sgr A East, it is in physical proximity to the Galactic Centre. C1 NATL RADIO ASTRON OBSERV, SOCORRO, NM 87801 USA. RP Kassim, NE (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, CODE 7213, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 283 IS 3 BP L51 EP L57 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VY727 UT WOS:A1996VY72700001 ER PT J AU Harr, PA Elsberry, RL Chan, JCL AF Harr, PA Elsberry, RL Chan, JCL TI Transformation of a large monsoon depression to a tropical storm during TCM-93 SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID OBSERVATIONAL ANALYSIS; CYCLONE FORMATION; HURRICANE INTENSITY; EXTERNAL INFLUENCES; MOMENTUM; VORTEX; EVOLUTION; MESOSCALE; DYNAMICS; GENESIS AB Data obtained during two aircraft observing periods (AOP) from the TCM-93 mini field experiment are used to describe the transformation between 5 degrees and 10 degrees N of a large depression in the western North Pacific monsoon trough into a tropical cyclone over a 36-h period. The transformation is defined to occur in three stages. Although a large mesoscale convective system (MCS) was present along the eastern periphery of the monsoon depression during the preorganization stage characterized by observations from the first AOP, the overall convective organization of the broad circulation is weak. The structure of the MCS provided a midlevel subsynoptic contribution to the Vorticity of the monsoon depression and contributed to a shift in the center of the monsoon depression circulation between 800 and 600 mb toward the MCS location. However, the presence of unsaturated downdrafts associated with the MCS perturbed the low level thermodynamic conditions and contributed to the rapid decay of the MCS. Slow intensification of the monsoon depression circulation during the preorganization stage is primarily due to favorable interactions with large-scale mean and eddy circulations at both upper and lower levels. The overall convective signature was observed in hourly satellite imagery to become more organized during a 24-h period between the two AOPs. This organization stage was characterized by the formation of a new MCS near the midlevel circulation of the decaying MCS from the preorganization stage. Satellite imagery indicates that the broad monsoon depression began to organize around the new MCS and the outer convection started to be oriented in large principle bands. During the transformation to a tropical storm during the second AOP, the outer principal bands appear to separate the inner circulation of the monsoon depression from the large-scale monsoon trough environment. Convection rapidly develops along the periphery of the inner circulation that now contains a Vigorous central updraft and high values of equivalent potential temperature that extend to the middle troposphere. Although several episodes of MCS generation and decay occurred throughout the development of the monsoon depression, it is hypothesized that the subsynoptic processes in the MCS during the first AOP and the MCSs that formed immediately following the second AOP contributed to the concentration of the monsoon depression center and transformation to a tropical cyclone. C1 CITY UNIV HONG KONG,DEPT PHYS & MAT SCI,KOWLOON,HONG KONG. RP Harr, PA (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT METEOROL,CODE MR-HP,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. OI CHAN, Johnny Chung Leung/0000-0001-8390-7422 NR 34 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 124 IS 12 BP 2625 EP 2643 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1996)124<2625:TOALMD>2.0.CO;2 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VZ340 UT WOS:A1996VZ34000001 ER PT J AU Johnson, M AF Johnson, M TI The bipolar spin transistor SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Engineering Foundation Conference on Ordered Molecular and Nanoscale Electronics CY JUN, 1994 CL KEAUHOU KONA, HI SP Off Naval Res, Adv Res Proj Agcy ID INJECTION; METALS; CHARGE AB A novel three-terminal switching device, fabricated only from metals, has recently been demonstrated. Somewhat similar to a semiconductor transistor, the physical principles of operation are quite different. It is an active device driven by a thermodynamic force associated with the effective Zeeman energy of the spin polarized electrons in the base. 'Bipolar' has a double meaning: there are two polarities of carriers, upspin and downspin electrons; and the output can be a positive or negative voltage (or current). The three-terminal device does not have power gain, but because it shows a memory effect it is natural to use it as a storage element in a nonvolatile memory array. Power gain can be achieved in a five-terminal embodiment, allowing fanout and the linking of devices in logic operations. Switching times faster than 1 ns can be expected. Because all the layers are metals and charge carrier densities are high, fabrication of the device at submicron scales is quite possible and operation at the nanometer scale is conceivable. Thus, the possibility of achieving high packing densities is very plausible, and is not obviated by problems common to semiconductors such as heat dissipation and low carrier density. RP Johnson, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0957-4484 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD DEC PY 1996 VL 7 IS 4 BP 390 EP 396 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/7/4/015 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA WN781 UT WOS:A1996WN78100015 ER PT J AU Snow, ES Campbell, PM McMarr, PJ AF Snow, ES Campbell, PM McMarr, PJ TI AFM-based fabrication of free-standing Si nanostructures SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Engineering Foundation Conference on Ordered Molecular and Nanoscale Electronics CY JUN, 1994 CL KEAUHOU KONA, HI SP Off Naval Res, Adv Res Proj Agcy ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE; SELF-ASSEMBLED FILMS; SILICON; SURFACES; AIR AB AFM-generated surface modifications are used to fabricate free-standing Si nanostructures. We employ the local electric field of a metal-coated AFM tip which is operated in air to selectively oxidize regions of a H-passivated Si surface. The resulting oxide, similar to 1-2 nm thick, is used as a mask for deep selective etches of the unoxidized regions of Si. The etched structures reside on a buried oxide layer which is removed to produce free-standing Si wires and cantilevers. Due to the uniformity of the exposure and self-limiting etch processes, these structures are extremely uniform, which is a critical feature for nanometer-scale device applications. RP Snow, ES (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0957-4484 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD DEC PY 1996 VL 7 IS 4 BP 434 EP 437 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/7/4/024 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA WN781 UT WOS:A1996WN78100024 ER PT J AU Rao, MV Papanicolaou, NA Caneau, CC AF Rao, MV Papanicolaou, NA Caneau, CC TI Effect of transition metal implantation on the characteristics of In0.52Al0.48As/In0.53Ga0.47As metal-semiconductor-metal detectors SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE photodetectors; implantation; Ti; Fe; MSM; metal-semiconductor-metal; InAlAs; InGaAs ID CO-IMPLANTS; TI-IMPLANTS; PHOTODETECTOR; FE; IN0.53GA0.47AS; INGAAS; INP AB This work studied the effect of transition metal implantation on the de photoresponsivity and frequency response of both n- and p-type InAlAs/InGaAs metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors. A thin (500 Angstrom) InAlAs layer was grown on 1 mu m thick InGaAs to raise the Schottky barrier height of the metal-semiconductor interface. Multiple energy Fe and Ti implantation was performed into n- and p-type layers, respectively, to obtain uniform implant concentrations over the entire depth of the InAlAs/InGaAs layers. The Fe implantation caused an increase in photoresponsivity and a decrease in bandwidth, whereas the Ti implantation resulted in a decrease in photoresponsivity and a slight increase in bandwidth compared with the no-implantation case. (C) 1996 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. BELLCORE,RED BANK,NJ 07701. RP Rao, MV (reprint author), GEORGE MASON UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,FAIRFAX,VA 22030, USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PHOTO-OPT INSTRUM ENG PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 35 IS 12 BP 3400 EP 3403 DI 10.1117/1.601099 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA VX100 UT WOS:A1996VX10000006 ER PT J AU Carruthers, TF Duling, IN AF Carruthers, TF Duling, IN TI 10-GHz, 1.3-ps erbium fiber laser employing soliton pulse shortening SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MODE-LOCKED LASERS; LOCKING; NOISE AB An actively mode-locked single-polarization erbium fiber laser modulated at 10 GHz utilizes intracavity soliton formation to produce 1.3-ps pulses, well below the Kuizenga-Siegman limit, without passive mode locking. The observed degree of pulse shortening agrees with the predictions of recently developed soliton laser models. The pulse dropout ratio was measured to be less than 10(-12), and the rms amplitude and phase jitter are less than 1.1% and 0.16 ps, respectively. RP Carruthers, TF (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 21 TC 122 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 23 BP 1927 EP 1929 DI 10.1364/OL.21.001927 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA VV690 UT WOS:A1996VV69000019 PM 19881848 ER PT J AU Karmel, SM AF Karmel, SM TI Ethnic tension and the struggle for order: China's policies in Tibet SO PACIFIC AFFAIRS LA English DT Article AB Post-Mao reforms came to Tibet much later than to the rest of China, and like the aftershocks of an earthquake, they have been far less pronounced. In fact, since 1989, the ground seems to be shifting backwards, with many post-Mao reforms overturned or undermined. This article employs hundreds of sources in the Chinese press and a limited number of sources published abroad by social scientists and Tibetan partisans to analyze the international and domestic causes for recent, praetorian trends in China's most rebellious territory. After a brief historical overview, it discusses five sources for restrictions imposed upon Tibet by its current leaders: (1) the largest outpouring of Tibetan, ethnic nationalist protest and dissent since 1959; (2) an increasingly problematic international situation, which poses new challenges to Chinese authority in Tibet; (3) a national development plan which permits great disparity in ''open door'' policies in coastal and hinterland regions; (4) the leadership's continued ethnocentric attitudes toward the value of Tibetan culture generally; and finally (5) residual, ''leftist'' ideas on religion and class struggle. The conclusion argues that even before the absorption of Hong Kong, China already is pursuing a ''one country, two systems'' policy, with the systems defined by the degree of autonomy permitted and divided along ethnic lines. The conclusion also argues that the success of the policy in Tibet is by no means assured. RP Karmel, SM (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93940, USA. NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 11 PU UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA PI VANCOUVER PA 2029 WEST MALL, VANCOUVER BC V6T 1W5, CANADA SN 0030-851X J9 PAC AFF JI Pac. Aff. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 68 IS 4 BP 485 EP & PG 25 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA UC021 UT WOS:A1996UC02100001 ER PT J AU SmithJentsch, KA Salas, E Baker, DP AF SmithJentsch, KA Salas, E Baker, DP TI Training team performance-related assertiveness SO PERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COCKPIT MANAGEMENT ATTITUDES; GENDER DIFFERENCES; BEHAVIOR; DIMENSIONS; ORGANIZATIONS; CRITERION; VALIDITY; QUALITY; GIRLS; ACTS AB The present paper extends the existing literature on assertiveness in a way that supports industrial training as well as the selection of individuals for team positions. Data are reported from three studies that examined determinants of team performance-related assertiveness. First, data from 149 college students demonstrated that assertiveness consists of multiple dimensions which were not all related to performance in a team decision-making task. Second, data obtained from 225 business students indicated that correlations among self-report measures and peer ratings of the same assertive responses assigned by intact team members varied according to the interpersonal context (i.e., personal, stranger, work related) in which scale items were framed. Third, data from 60 college students suggested that team performance-related assertiveness has a significant skill component. Whereas both attitudinally focused and skill-based training improved attitudes toward team member assertiveness, practice and feedback were essential to producing behavioral effects. Implications for selection and team training are discussed. C1 UNIV CENT FLORIDA,ORLANDO,FL 32816. RP SmithJentsch, KA (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,TRAINING SYST DIV,CODE 4961,12350 RES PKWY,ORLANDO,FL 32826, USA. NR 42 TC 72 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 16 PU PERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY INC PI BOWLING GREEN PA 745 HASKINS ROAD, SUITE A, BOWLING GREEN, OH 43402 SN 0031-5826 J9 PERS PSYCHOL JI Pers. Psychol. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 49 IS 4 BP 909 EP 936 DI 10.1111/j.1744-6570.1996.tb02454.x PG 28 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA VY108 UT WOS:A1996VY10800005 ER PT J AU Kresin, VZ Wolf, SA AF Kresin, VZ Wolf, SA TI Observation of a possible oxygen isotope effect on the effective mass of carriers in YBa2CU3O6.94 - Comment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Letter ID PENETRATION DEPTH; SURFACE IMPEDANCE; SUPERCONDUCTORS; STATE AB In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. B 51, 16 487 (1995)] Zhao and Morris argued that the oxygen isotope substitution affects the value of the effective mass of the carrier, and such effect is manifested in the isotopic dependence of the penetration depth. The aim of this Comment is to point out serious inconsistencies in their analysis and to clarify the situation. C1 USN,RES LAB,MAT PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Kresin, VZ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Wolf, Stuart/A-7513-2009 NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 21 BP 15543 EP 15544 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.15543 PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VY201 UT WOS:A1996VY20100105 ER PT J AU Sen, S Sinkovits, RS AF Sen, S Sinkovits, RS TI Sound propagation in impure granular columns SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID HARMONIC-OSCILLATOR CHAIN; DYNAMICS; FLOWS; MEDIA; SAND; MECHANICS; EVOLUTION; BREAKDOWN; FRICTION; SPHERES AB We present a detailed simulational study of the vertical propagation of weak and strong impulses in deep gravitationally compacted granular columns [see R. S. Sinkovits and S. Sen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 2686.(1995)]. The intergrain potential is assumed to be V(delta)similar to delta(n), n greater than or equal to 2, where delta is the overlap between the grains. Due to gravitational compaction, the magnitude of the overlap between the grains increases progressively with increasing depth. Therefore the sound velocity increases as an impulse travels vertically downward into a granular column. For weak impulses, our large scale simulational studies show that the sound velocity c(weak) proportional to[(1-1/(n-1)]/2), where z is the depth at which c(weak) is measured. This result, which has been obtained from particle dynamical studies, is in perfect agreement with the predictions based upon elasticity theory. We then extend our analysis to show that (i) for columns with small void fractions, epsilon, c(weak)proportional to(1-epsilon)(z)([1-1/(n-1)]/2) and (ii) for large amplitude impulses, the velocity of the perturbation c(strong) behaves very differently compared to c(weak) at shallow depths with c(strong)-->c(weak) as z-->infinity. We also present a detailed numerical study of the velocity power spectra of the individual grains as a function of depth z. We close with a discussion of the effects of both light and heavy impurities on the vertical sound and shock propagation. C1 USN,RES LAB,COMPUTAT PHYS & FLUID DYNAM LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Sen, S (reprint author), SUNY BUFFALO,DEPT PHYS,BUFFALO,NY 14260, USA. NR 55 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD DEC PY 1996 VL 54 IS 6 BP 6857 EP 6865 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.6857 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA WA839 UT WOS:A1996WA83900117 ER PT J AU Ngai, KL Roland, CM AF Ngai, KL Roland, CM TI ''Depolarized light scattering study of molten zinc chloride'' - Comment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Letter ID ELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; ALPHA-RELAXATION; DYNAMICS; POLYMERS; LIQUIDS AB Lebon et al. [Phys. Rev. E 51, 4537 (1995)] have shown that the depolarized light scattering susceptibility spectrum of ZnCl2 at each temperature is well represented by the sum of contributions from the alpha process, the boson peak, and the microscopic peak. In this Comment, we point out that the fast alpha process of the coupling model of relaxation makes a very weak contribution to the susceptibility in nonfragile glass formers, such as ZnCl2. Consequently, the coupling model prediction for the fast dynamics in ZnCl2 is essentially the same as the approach of Lebon et al. RP Ngai, KL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD DEC PY 1996 VL 54 IS 6 BP 6969 EP 6971 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.6969 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA WA839 UT WOS:A1996WA83900137 ER PT J AU Sastri, SB Armistead, JP Keller, TM AF Sastri, SB Armistead, JP Keller, TM TI Phthalonitrile-carbon fiber composites SO POLYMER COMPOSITES LA English DT Article ID INTRINSICALLY CONDUCTIVE POLYMER; RESIN AB Phthalonitrile polymers offer promise as matrix materials for advanced composite applications. The phthalonitrile monomer is readily converted to a highly crosslinked thermosetting polymer in the presence of thermally stable organic amine catalysts. Rheometric studies were conducted to elucidate the optimum amine concentration for composite formulations. High quality composite panels were processed in an autoclave using unsized IM7 carbon fibers. Mechanical properties of the phthalonitrile/carbon composite are either better than or comparable to the state-of-the-art PMR-15 composites. Dynamic mechanical analysis reveal that samples postcured at elevated temperatures (375 degrees C) do not exhibit a glass transition temperature up to 450 degrees C and also retain similar to 90% of their initial modulus at 450 degrees C. Flame resistance of phthalonitrile/carbon composites, evaluated by cone calorimetric studies, excels over that of other polymeric composites for marine applications. The composites also show low water uptake, <1% after exposure to water for 16 months. RP Sastri, SB (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,MAT CHEM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 34 TC 102 Z9 109 U1 3 U2 21 PU SOC PLASTICS ENG INC PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06804-0403 SN 0272-8397 J9 POLYM COMPOSITE JI Polym. Compos. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 17 IS 6 BP 816 EP 822 DI 10.1002/pc.10674 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA VY491 UT WOS:A1996VY49100007 ER PT J AU Jacobs, SJ Sandusky, HW Elban, WL AF Jacobs, SJ Sandusky, HW Elban, WL TI Quasi-static compaction of porous propellant beds .1. Modeling ball powder experiments with deformed spheres in a regular lattice SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE compaction; porous bed; lattice density; particle shape; particle size; random packing AB A simple but physically-based model describing compaction of granular energetic materials is presented for the case where the grains deform plastically. The model assumes an ideal porous bed consisting of initially uniform spherical particles arranged in a cubic lattice. As the bed is loaded, the spheres are flattened at each contact; particle volume is conserved by allowing the radius of the uncontacted portion of the particle to expand. The contact forces are approximated as a constant stress (termed Meyer yield stress) multiplied by the contact area. The equations describe compaction from the initial lattice density (point contacts) until either contact surfaces on a grain begin touching each other or second nearest neighbor interactions occur. In actual porous beds, the particles are unlikely to be arranged in any long-range regular lattice because of random packing and variations in particle shape and size. Since initial bed densities are often between those of simple and face-centered cubic lattices, a mix of these two lattices is used to approximate an actual bed. In another approach to modeling actual porous beds, average lattice parameters (for initial packing density and number of contacts per particle) are used within the generalized equations for the regular lattices. Each approach successfully models quasi-static compaction data reported previously for ball propellants. C1 LOYOLA COLL,DEPT ELECT ENGN & ENGN SCI,BALTIMORE,MD 21210. RP Jacobs, SJ (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 89 IS 3 BP 209 EP 217 DI 10.1016/S0032-5910(96)03185-3 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA WB135 UT WOS:A1996WB13500004 ER PT J AU Sandusky, HW Elban, WL AF Sandusky, HW Elban, WL TI Quasi-static compaction of porous propellant beds .2. Experiments and application of lattice compaction model to cannon propellants SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE quasi-static compaction; bed displacement; bed density; propellants; yield stress AB Five cannon propellants were quasi-statically compacted in a 127 mm diameter die/ram set at pressures up to 150 MPa. Some of the propellants were similar in composition to much smaller particle size single- or double-base ball propellants that had been previously compacted in a 25.4 mm diameter die/ram set. Simultaneous measurements of applied and transmitted forces, bed displacement, and outer die wall strain were made during loading, unloading, and reloading (only for two materials). Bed densities at or exceeding theoretical maximum were achieved for each material during loading (and reloading). Thermal softening near maximum density was especially significant for the single-base propellants, which were the most difficult to compact. Beds of nitrocellulose-based propellants momentarily locked during unloading even though the die wall was well lubricated. The dominant compaction mechanism was plastic deformation with the virtual absence of fracture, the same as for the ball propellants. Profiles of axial stress versus density were fitted by a previously-developed model which requires only the initial bed density and the Meyer yield stress (p(y)). For one material, with compressive yield stress (Y) data that could be interpolated for the same strain rate during bed compaction, it was verified that p(y) similar to 3Y. For the nitrocellulose-based propellants, p(y) decreased systematically with increased plasticizer level. C1 LOYOLA COLL,DEPT ELECT ENGN & ENGN SCI,BALTIMORE,MD 21210. RP Sandusky, HW (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,WHITE OAK LAB,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 89 IS 3 BP 219 EP 229 DI 10.1016/S0032-5910(96)03186-5 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA WB135 UT WOS:A1996WB13500005 ER PT J AU Carr, LW Chandrasekhara, MS AF Carr, LW Chandrasekhara, MS TI Compressibility effects on dynamic stall SO PROGRESS IN AEROSPACE SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PITCHING AIRFOIL AB Dynamic stall delay of flow over airfoils rapidly pitching past the static stall angle has been studied by many scientists. However, the effect of compressibility on this dynamic stall behavior has been less comprehensively studied. This review presents a detailed assessment of research performed on this subject, including a historical review of work performed on both aircraft and helicopters, and offers insight into the impact of compressibility on the complex aerodynamic phenomenon known as dynamic stall. It also documents the major effect that compressibility can have on dynamic stall events, and the complete change of physics of the stall process that can occur as free-stream Mach number is increased. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 NASA,AMES RES CTR,FLUID MECH LAB BRANCH,MOFFETT FIELD,CA 94035. USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,NASA JOINT INST AERONAUT,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP Carr, LW (reprint author), USA,AVIAT & TROOP COMMAND,AVIAT RES,CTR DEV & ENGN,MOFFETT FIELD,CA 94035, USA. NR 71 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0376-0421 J9 PROG AEROSP SCI JI Prog. Aeosp. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 32 IS 6 BP 523 EP 573 DI 10.1016/0376-0421(95)00009-7 PG 51 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VY237 UT WOS:A1996VY23700001 ER PT J AU Natan, B Netzer, DW AF Natan, B Netzer, DW TI Boron carbide combustion in solid-fuel ramjets using bypass air. Part I: Experimental investigation SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article AB The effects of bypass air on the combustion of highly loaded boron carbide/HTPB fuel grains in it solid-fuel ramjet motor were investigated experimentally. It was found that combustion efficiency can be significantly increased by employing high bypass rations with low dump momentum. The results indicated that high bypass dump momentum causes the particles to collide with (tic wall and extinguish. Increasing pressure increased efficiency, apparently through the resulting increased residence time. Increased overall equivalence ratio (grain length) also was found to he beneficial, die result of it smaller percentage of larger particles which are generated in the recirculation zone. Sonic of the reduction in combustion efficiency was determined to be due to incomplete combustion of the HTPB rather than just to the incomplete burning or the boron carbide particles. C1 Technion Israel Inst Technol, Fac Aerosp Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. USN, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Natan, B (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Fac Aerosp Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RI Natan, Benveniste/E-4897-2012 NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 21 IS 6 BP 289 EP 294 DI 10.1002/prep.19960210602 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA V2980 UT WOS:000169019900001 ER PT J AU Stroup, MD AF Stroup, MD TI Land rights: The 1990s property rights rebellion - Yandle,B SO PUBLIC CHOICE LA English DT Book Review RP Stroup, MD (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEF RESOURCES MANAGEMENT INST,CODE 64SP,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-5829 J9 PUBLIC CHOICE JI Public Choice PD DEC PY 1996 VL 89 IS 3-4 BP 423 EP 426 PG 4 WC Economics; Political Science SC Business & Economics; Government & Law GA WB048 UT WOS:A1996WB04800013 ER PT J AU Zacharias, N AF Zacharias, N TI Measuring the atmospheric influence on differential astrometry: A simple method applied to wide-field CCD frames SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID ACCURACY AB Sets of short-exposure, guided CCD frames are used to measure the noise added by the atmosphere to differential astrometric observations. Large nightly variations that are correlated with the seeing have been found in the data obtained over two years at the KPNO and CTIO 0.9-m telescopes. The rms noise added by the atmosphere, after a linear transformation of the raw x,y data, is found to be 3-7 mas, normalized to 100-s exposure time and a field of view of 20 arcmin near the zenith. An additional nearly constant noise (base level) of 8.5 mas = 0.012 pixel is found for the KPNO and 6.0 mas = 0.015 pixel for the CTIO telescope. This implies that a ground based, all sky, astrometric survey from guided CCD frames is more likely limited by the base-level noise than by the atmosphere and could reach an accuracy better than 10 mas under good seeing conditions. C1 USN OBSERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20392. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 108 IS 730 BP 1135 EP 1138 DI 10.1086/133847 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VY121 UT WOS:A1996VY12100013 ER PT J AU Xapsos, MA Pogozelski, WK AF Xapsos, MA Pogozelski, WK TI Modeling the yield of double-strand breaks due to formation of multiply damaged sites in irradiated plasmid DNA SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SCAVENGER CONCENTRATION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; SINGLE-STRAND; IONIZING-RADIATIONS; ENERGY DEPOSITION; MECHANISMS; NEUTRONS; EVENTS AB Although double-strand breaks ha ve long been recognized as an important type of DNA lesion, it is well established that this broad class of damage does not correlate well with indicators of the effectiveness of radiation at the cellular level. Assays of double-strand breaks do not distinguish the degree of complexity or clustering of singly damaged sites produced in a single energy deposition event, which is currently hypothesized to be key to understanding cellular end points. As a step toward this understanding, double-strand breaks that are formed proportionally to dose in plasmid DNA are analyzed from the mechanistic aspect to evaluate the yield that arises from multiply damaged sites as hypothesized by Ward (Frog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mel. Biol. 35, 95-125, 1988) and Goodhead (Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 65, 7-17, 1994) as opposed to the yield that arises from single hydroxyl radicals as hypothesized by Siddiqi and Bothe (Radiat. Res. 112, 449-463, 1987). For low-LET radiation such as gamma rays, the importance of multiply damaged sites is shown to increase with the solution's hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity. For moderately high-LET radiation such as 100 keV/mu m helium ions, a much different behavior is observed. In this case, a large fraction of double-strand breaks are formed as a result of multiply damaged sites over a broad range of scavenging conditions. Results also indicate that the RBE for common cellular end points correlates more closely with the RBE for multiply damaged sites than with the RBE for total double-strand breaks over a range of LET up to at least 100 keV/mu m. (C) 1996 by Radiation Research society RP Xapsos, MA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,RADIAT EFFECTS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 146 IS 6 BP 668 EP 672 DI 10.2307/3579383 PG 5 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VW544 UT WOS:A1996VW54400010 PM 8955717 ER PT J AU VanWay, RL Williams, RO Johnstone, PAS Papin, PJ AF VanWay, RL Williams, RO Johnstone, PAS Papin, PJ TI Beam flatness perturbation effects of a perforated thermoplastic immobilization device on 6 and 12 MeV electron on beams SO RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE beam modification; electron beam flatness; dose distribution; electrons; immobilization devices; perforated thermoplastic; radiation therapy AB Purpose: Perforated thermoplastic masks are widely used in radiotherapy of head and neck malignancies. They provide for patient immobilization and increase setup reproducibility. Some oncology treatment centers cut mask portals (windows) for the beam to pass through; for those centers that do not, the mask affects beam fluence. The extent to which beam flatness is altered by such a mask is investigated. Materials and methods: The effect of perforated thermoplastic on 6 MeV and 12 MeV electron beams was described in terms of optical density differences in a comparative film study. Results: Variations of beam flatness were documented of up to 11.8% at 5 mm depth for 6 MeV, and 8.1% for 12 MeV electrons. The depth at which this effect may be considered insignificant (mean optical density differences <2%) is approximately 10 mm for both beam energies. Conclusions: For clinical situations where the target volume is superficial, some consideration should be given to beam inhomogeneity caused by the mask. C1 USN,MED CTR,DIV RADIAT ONCOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SAN DIEGO,CA 92182. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0167-8140 J9 RADIOTHER ONCOL JI Radiother. Oncol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 41 IS 3 BP 277 EP 280 DI 10.1016/S0167-8140(96)01848-8 PG 4 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA WC336 UT WOS:A1996WC33600012 PM 9027945 ER PT J AU Blood, CG Odowick, MS Marks, JS AF Blood, CG Odowick, MS Marks, JS TI Simulation of casualty sustainment during naval combat operations SO SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE casualty modeling; medical planning; shipboard casualties; forecasting; military medicine ID ILLNESS INCIDENCE; SHIPS AB Medical resource planning for military operations requires estimates of the average daily patient flows as well as maximum and minimum daily patient loads. To this end, a medical casualty projection system for shipboard forces (SHIPCAS) has been developed. The SHIPCAS simulation system provides estimates of the numbers of ships that may be attacked in a given scenario, and then yields numbers of expected casualties. The basis of the projections are eighty naval engagements which took place during the Second World War. The statistical distributions of ship hit rates, wounded-in-action, killed-in-action, and disease and non-battle injuries incidence were analyzed by battle intensity, weapon system, and ship type. Simulated data reflect the salient characteristics of empirical data in terms of number and distributions of ship attacks, ship type hit distributions, and weapon-specific casualty sustainment. The casualty estimates from the simulation results may be used as input for medical resource planning projections. C1 GEOCENTERS INC,NEWTON CTR,MA 02159. RP Blood, CG (reprint author), USN,HLTH RES CTR,MED INFORMAT SYST & OPERAT RES DEPT,OPERAT RES DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIMULATION COUNCILS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 17900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92117 SN 0037-5497 J9 SIMULATION JI Simulation PD DEC PY 1996 VL 67 IS 6 BP 367 EP 374 DI 10.1177/003754979606700602 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA WJ294 UT WOS:A1996WJ29400001 ER PT J AU Davis, MA Kersey, AD Sirkis, J Friebele, EJ AF Davis, MA Kersey, AD Sirkis, J Friebele, EJ TI Shape and vibration mode sensing using a fiber optic Bragg grating array SO SMART MATERIALS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID STRAIN-SENSOR SYSTEM; FILTER AB This paper discusses the use of wavelength division multiplexed fibre Bragg gratings for structural shape sensing and vibrational mode analysis. The gratings are surface attached to a cantilever beam and demodulated by a scanning fibre Fabry-Perot filter to obtain strain information at different locations along the structure. Two demodulation schemes are used, namely a single-sensor locked mode interrogation technique which permits vibrational analysis and a scanning multi-sensor approach for beam shape determination. Static beam deformation prediction is performed using a Rayleigh-Ritz type analysis with three optimized trial functions and the strain information obtained from the fibre Bragg grating sensors. The strain information is read into a PC which performs the shape modelling of the beam. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MECH ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NR 13 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 3 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0964-1726 J9 SMART MATER STRUCT JI Smart Mater. Struct. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 5 IS 6 BP 759 EP 765 DI 10.1088/0964-1726/5/6/005 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science GA WC018 UT WOS:A1996WC01800005 ER PT J AU Boyle, JP Thompson, TJ AF Boyle, JP Thompson, TJ TI Age-test Markov chains for drug testing and detection SO SOCIO-ECONOMIC PLANNING SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID URINARY-EXCRETION; HUMANS; BENZOYLECGONINE; COCAINE; SMOKING AB Random urinalysis strategies stratified by time since the last test are characterized with a set of Markov chain models. The probability of a person being tested depends on the amount of time since the person's last test. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has proposed a two strata drug testing strategy based on time since last test. The proposal included a high testing rate for people not yet tested in a given time period and a low testing rate for people testing negative in a given time period. Southern California Edison has implemented a variation of the NRC proposal. These strategies can be modeled within a Markov chain framework, Time to detection is calculated as a function of testing probabilities and drug usage levels. Drug user gaming strategies are discussed with illustrations. These models are implemented as part of a U.S. Navy drug policy analysis system. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd C1 CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,NATL CTR CHRON DIS PREVENT & HLTH PROMOT,DIV DIABET TRANSLAT K10,ATLANTA,GA 30341. USN,CTR PERSONNEL RES & DEV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-0121 J9 SOCIO ECON PLAN SCI JI Socio-Econ. Plan. Sci. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 30 IS 4 BP 303 EP 313 DI 10.1016/S0038-0121(96)00022-5 PG 11 WC Economics; Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA VV902 UT WOS:A1996VV90200005 ER PT J AU Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR RamMohan, LR AF Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR RamMohan, LR TI Detuned intersubband resonances for broadband field-modulated second-harmonic generation in a waveguide SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE semiconductors; quantum wells; optical properties ID QUANTUM-WELLS; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; TRANSITIONS; OPTICS AB Based on a comprehensive model of waveguide-mode second-harmoic generation in semiconductor quantum wells, we determine material, structural and waveguide parameters that are predicted to yield conversion efficiences exceeding by two orders of magnitude the best experimental results obtained to date and discuss the reasons for the failure to observe high efficiencies in previous experimental studies. An optimized In0.53Ga0.47As/In0.52Al0.48As asymmetric double-well structure is predicted to produce a peak efficiency of 14% at 10.6 mu m for a pump-beam intensity of 20 MW cm(-2). A novel mechanism for rapidly modulating the second-harmonic output from 14% to 0 by tuning the coherence length with an applied electric field is analyzed. Copyright (C) 1996 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd C1 WORCESTER POLYTECH INST,WORCESTER,MA 01609. RP Vurgaftman, I (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5613,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Ram-Mohan, Ramdas/C-5167-2012 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 100 IS 9 BP 663 EP 667 DI 10.1016/0038-1098(96)00493-0 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VR330 UT WOS:A1996VR33000010 ER PT J AU Pickett, WE Ethridge, EC Erwin, SC AF Pickett, WE Ethridge, EC Erwin, SC TI Niobium nitride: Stability and integrity of the ''NbO phase'' SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID METASTABILITY AB The ordered vacancy Pm3m (''NbO'') structure was identified by Treece et al. as the phase of their pulsed laser deposited thin film samples of niobium nitride. However, the stoichiometric Pm3m phase of NbN is not easily reconciled with published local density functional results, which predict a 5% smaller lattice constant than measured and a high energy compared with the competing rocksalt phase (which is common and therefore expected to be the stable phase). Here we investigate a possible tetragonal instability of the Pm3m structure that might complicate the interpretation of xray data on the thin films. We also consider the consequences of incorporation of hydrogen into the films. Neither of these aspects is able to resolve the apparent discrepancy. Copyright (C) 1996 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd RP Pickett, WE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Erwin, Steven/B-1850-2009 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 100 IS 10 BP 691 EP 693 DI 10.1016/0038-1098(96)00582-0 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VU470 UT WOS:A1996VU47000004 ER PT J AU Christianson, KA Anderson, WT AF Christianson, KA Anderson, WT TI Determination of AlGaAs/GaAs HEMT parasitic resistances SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID DRAIN SERIES RESISTANCES; MODULATION-DOPED FETS; MESFETS AB An improved technique has been developed to measure source and drain parasitic resistances of AlGaAs/GaAs HEMTs. Similar to the measurement technique typically used for MESFETs, a positive d.c. gate crowding current is applied. Because of the structure of the HEMT, this gate current must be kept very small in order to prevent significant leakage into the AlGaAs layer, which would result in current paths not present in normal operation of the device. The small d.c. gate current necessary to limit the current in this leakage path did not yield a usable signal-to-noise ratio of the measured gate-source, gate-drain and drain-source voltages needed to calculate the parasitic resistances. To overcome this problem, modulation of the drain current with a low-frequency a.c. signal coupled with lock-in techniques to measure the desired voltages was implemented. The resulting improvement in signal-to-noise ratio has made the gate crowding technique suitable for measuring the parasitic resistances of AlGaAs/GaAs HEMTs. RP Christianson, KA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6855,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 39 IS 12 BP 1757 EP 1760 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(96)00097-4 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA VY516 UT WOS:A1996VY51600009 ER PT J AU Seufert, KT Kiser, WR AF Seufert, KT Kiser, WR TI End-expiratory carbon monoxide levels as an estimate of passive smoking exposure aboard a nuclear-powered submarine SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID HEALTH AB Passive smoking is the involuntary inhalation of tobacco smoke by nonsmokers, The purpose of this study was to estimate the degree of passive smoking exposure sustained by smokers and nonsmokers in a nonventilated submarine through the measurement of end-expiratory carbon monoxide (EECO) levels. The initial and final EECO levels were compared for both smokers and nonsmokers. A simple linear regression equation was then used to compare the initial EECO levels in smokers (and their daily cigarette use) with the postsubmergence EECO levels in nonsmokers. Our results showed the postsubmergence EECO levels in the nonsmoking crew members approximated the initial EECO levels in crew members who smoked 21 cigarettes per day. Nonsmokers in a submerged submarine are exposed to significant levels of CO. Future studies are needed to determine the health consequences of this significantly increased level of exposure in nonsmokers. C1 USN HOSP,DEPT FAMILY PRACTICE,JACKSONVILLE,FL. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 89 IS 12 BP 1181 EP 1183 DI 10.1097/00007611-199612000-00009 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VX857 UT WOS:A1996VX85700009 PM 8969352 ER PT J AU Jones, RL Mess, D AF Jones, RL Mess, D TI Improved tetragonal phase stability at 1400 degrees C with scandia, yttria-stabilized zirconia SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 22-26, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Vacuum Met & Thin Films Div DE tetragonal phase stability; scandia,yttria-stabilized zirconia; thermal barrier coating; ultra-high temperature ID THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS; ALLOYS; TRANSFORMATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; SYSTEMS; TBC AB Sol-gel prepared plasma spray powders of Sc2O3,Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (SYSZ), where the total amount of stabilizer is similar to 7 mol.%. and the stabilizer contains 2.5-20% Y2O3, have been found to give significantly better tetragonal (t') phase stability at 1400 degrees C than present-day Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 thermal barrier coating (TBC) material. The results are discussed in the context of the ongoing effort to develop ZrO2-based (or other) ceramics suitable for ultra-high temperature TBC usage. C1 CAMBRIDGE MICROTECH INC, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. RP Jones, RL (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, DIV CHEM, CODE 6170, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 24 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 86 IS 1-3 BP 94 EP 101 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(96)03006-X PN 1 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA WB323 UT WOS:A1996WB32300016 ER PT J AU Jones, RL AF Jones, RL TI Catalytic combustion effects of m-ZrO2 doped with various metal nitrates SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 22-26, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Vacuum Met & Thin Films Div DE thermal barrier coatings; stabilized zirconia; catalytic combustion; diesel engines ID PROPANE; OXIDATION; ENGINES; OXIDES AB Considerable uncertainty exists over the potential benefit of zirconia thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in diesel engines, as well as their possible effect on NOx and other emissions. In the present study, a simple furnace system was used to identify catalytic combustion effects in the ignition and combustion of propane/air mixtures over catalyst-doped m-ZrO2 spheres. Three classes of catalysts were examined: zirconia-stabilizing oxides (CeO2, Y2O3, MgO), transition metal oxides (Co3O4, Cr2O3, Fe2O3), and noble metals (Pt). Each class exhibited characteristic combustion effects, with the ignition temperature increasing, e.g., from approximately 200 degrees C for Pt to 550 degrees C for the stabilizing oxides. The results are discussed in relation to diesel engine combustion, including the controversial Woschni effect wherein heat-insulating TBCs are postulated to actually increase heat loss from the combustion chamber. RP Jones, RL (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, DIV CHEM, CODE 6170, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 86 IS 1-3 BP 127 EP 134 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(96)03007-1 PN 1 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA WB323 UT WOS:A1996WB32300020 ER PT J AU Qadri, SB Horwitz, JS Chrisey, DB Donovan, EP Skelton, EF AF Qadri, SB Horwitz, JS Chrisey, DB Donovan, EP Skelton, EF TI Pulsed laser deposition and characterization of ZrO2-Al2O3 films SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 22-26, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Vacuum Met & Thin Films Div DE pulsed laser deposition; zirconia coating; tetragonal phase; high temperature corrosion; optical coatings ID THIN-FILMS; EVAPORATION; GROWTH AB Thin films of ZrO2-Al2O3 have been produced by pulsed laser deposition from targets that were mixtures of ZrO2 and Al2O3 with a pre-selected composition. The chemical composition of the film was the same as that of the target as determined by Rutherford back scattering (RBS). As deposited, the films were amorphous. Annealing the films at 1000 degrees C for 24 h in air resulted in the formation of a tetragonal phase of zirconia as determined by X-ray diffraction. RP Qadri, SB (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 86 IS 1-3 BP 149 EP 152 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(96)03003-4 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA WB323 UT WOS:A1996WB32300023 ER PT J AU Nazeri, A Qadri, SB AF Nazeri, A Qadri, SB TI Alumina-stabilized zirconia coatings for high-temperature protection of turbine blades SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 22-26, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Vacuum Met & Thin Films Div DE zirconia-alumina; sol-gel; protective coating ID STEEL AB Thin films of ZrO2-Al2O3 were deposited on fused silica, silicon, platinum and stainless steel by sol-gel processing of organo-metallic compounds. Four precursors with different atomic ratios of ZrAl were prepared. As deposited films were amorphous and annealing in air resulted in crystallization and densification of ZrO2 phases. Thin films heated as low as 600 degrees C showed crystallinity with cubic phase. All compositions tested in this work crystallized into cubic phase upon heating regardless of the kind of substrate. The particle sizes of the zirconia films were calculated from X-ray diffraction (XRD) data. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the films showed similar morphology for the films on various substrates. RP Nazeri, A (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 11 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 86 IS 1-3 BP 166 EP 169 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(96)03025-3 PN 1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA WB323 UT WOS:A1996WB32300026 ER PT J AU Bradshaw, DA Murray, KM Amundson, DE AF Bradshaw, DA Murray, KM Amundson, DE TI Spontaneous regression of a giant pulmonary bulla - Reply SO THORAX LA English DT Letter RP Bradshaw, DA (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DIV PULM,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1H 9JR SN 0040-6376 J9 THORAX JI Thorax PD DEC PY 1996 VL 51 IS 12 BP 1283 EP 1283 DI 10.1136/thx.51.12.1283-c PG 1 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA VY063 UT WOS:A1996VY06300029 ER PT J AU Beckman, TJ Mullins, ME Matthews, MD AF Beckman, TJ Mullins, ME Matthews, MD TI Case report on a diver with type II decompression sickness and viral meningitis SO UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE decompression sickness; viral meningitis; hyperbaric oxygen ID HYPERBARIC-OXYGEN AB A 33-yr-old man came to the emergency department with the chief complaint of a severe headache and decreased sensation in his right hand following a deep dive on scuba. Physical examination before recompression treatment was remarkable only for hypesthesia on the right hand. We diagnosed type II decompression sickness and the patient underwent standard recompression therapy. The patient experienced near-complete resolution of his symptoms, his only residual complaint being that of neck pain with head movement. To investigate other causes of headache, a computed tomography of the head was performed which was normal, and a lumbar puncture was performed which was consistent with viral meningitis. This is the first reported case of recompression treatment on a patient with viral meningitis and decompression sickness. C1 TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,EMERGENCY MED SERV,HONOLULU,HI 96859. RP Beckman, TJ (reprint author), USN,MED CLIN,BOX 121,HONOLULU,HI 96860, USA. OI Mullins, Michael/0000-0001-8605-0217 NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICAL SOC INC PI KENSINGTON PA 10531 METROPOLITAN AVE, KENSINGTON, MD 20895 SN 1066-2936 J9 UNDERSEA HYPERBAR M JI Undersea Hyperb. Med. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 23 IS 4 BP 243 EP 245 PG 3 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA WB271 UT WOS:A1996WB27100006 PM 8989855 ER PT J AU Wieselthier, JE Barnhart, CM Ephremides, A AF Wieselthier, Jeffrey E. Barnhart, Craig M. Ephremides, Anthony TI Data-delay evaluation in integrated wireless networks based on local product-form solutions for voice occupancy SO WIRELESS NETWORKS LA English DT Article AB In this paper we consider the evaluation of data-packet delay in wireless integrated voice/data networks. In networks that support voice in the classical circuit-switched fashion, the voice occupancy process satisfies a product-form solution under reasonable modeling assumptions. Although this product-form solution provides an accurate characterization of equilibrium voice-traffic behavior, it does not directly provide a method to evaluate data-packet delay. However, examination of each link separately in a manner that incorporates interaction with the rest of the network permits us to take advantage of the wireless nature of the network and obtain a three-flow characterization of each link, which also satisfies a product-form solution and is hence termed a "mini-product-form" solution. By matching the values of these flows to the average values obtained from the product-form solution of the entire network, we obtain a three-dimensional Markov chain characterization of the voice occupancy state on the link, which permits a simpler evaluation of data-packet delay. A further reduction is possible by converting the three-dimensional chain to a single-dimensional one. Performance results demonstrate that these models provide satisfactory delay estimates that also appear to be upper bounds on delay. C1 [Wieselthier, Jeffrey E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Barnhart, Craig M.] TRW, Data Technol Div, Aurora, CO 80011 USA. [Ephremides, Anthony] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Ephremides, Anthony] Univ Maryland, Inst Syst Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Wieselthier, JE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM wieselthier@itd.nrl.navy.mil; craig.barnhart@trw.com; tony@eng.umd.edu NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1022-0038 EI 1572-8196 J9 WIREL NETW JI Wirel. Netw. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 2 IS 4 BP 297 EP 314 DI 10.1007/BF01262049 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA V20QS UT WOS:000208155100005 ER PT J AU Nozette, S Lichtenberg, CL Spudis, P Bonner, R Ort, W Malaret, E Robinson, M Shoemaker, EM AF Nozette, S Lichtenberg, CL Spudis, P Bonner, R Ort, W Malaret, E Robinson, M Shoemaker, EM TI The Clementine bistatic radar experiment SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID OUTER PLANET SATELLITES; GREENLAND ICE-SHEET; COHERENT-BACKSCATTER; MOON; MERCURY; STABILITY; MODEL; POLARIZATION; GANYMEDE; CRATERS AB During the Clementine 1 mission, a bistatic radar experiment measured the magnitude and polarization of the radar echo versus bistatic angle, beta, for selected lunar areas. Observations of the lunar south pole yield a same-sense polarization enhancement around beta = 0. Analysis shows that the observed enhancement is localized to the permanently shadowed regions of the lunar south pole. Radar observations of periodically solar-illuminated lunar surfaces, including the north pole, yielded no such enhancement. A probable explanation for these differences is the presence of low-loss volume scatterers, such as water ice, in the permanently shadowed region at the south pole. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. LUNAR & PLANETARY INST,HOUSTON,TX 77058. PROTASIS INC,ALEXANDRIA,VA 22314. APPL COHERENT TECHNOL,HERNDON,VA 22070. US GEOL SURVEY,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86001. RP Nozette, S (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,SPACE EXPT DIRECTORATE,711 N FAYETTE ST,ALEXANDRIA,VA 22314, USA. NR 34 TC 192 Z9 206 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD NOV 29 PY 1996 VL 274 IS 5292 BP 1495 EP 1498 DI 10.1126/science.274.5292.1495 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VV775 UT WOS:A1996VV77500038 PM 8929403 ER PT J AU Hoppel, WA Frick, GM Fitzgerald, JW AF Hoppel, WA Frick, GM Fitzgerald, JW TI Deducing droplet concentration and supersaturation in marine boundary layer clouds from surface aerosol measurements SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID SIZE DISTRIBUTION; CONDENSATION NUCLEI; CCN CONCENTRATIONS; PACIFIC; ATLANTIC; SULFATES; STRATUS; COAST; OCEAN; ACID AB Air parcels in the marine boundary layer (MEL) are mixed up through nonprecipitating clouds at the top of the MBL many times (on average) before they can be removed by precipitation scavenging. The equivalent dry size of the particles (cloud condensation nuclei, CCN) upon which droplets are formed increases because of liquid phase oxidation of soluble trace gases during the cloud processing. The observed separation of the submicron size distribution into an interstitial mode and cloud droplet residue mode makes it possible to infer the effective MBL cloud supersaturation and cloud droplet concentrations from surface measurements of the aerosol size distribution during periods when nonprecipitating MBL clouds are present in the back trajectory and the MBL is well mixed. The effect of particle composition on the accuracy of the inferred cloud supersaturations is evaluated. A large database of hundreds of size distributions taken on an Atlantic and a Pacific cruise and an airship flight off the Oregon coast are used to calculate the range of effective MBL cloud supersaturations and droplet concentrations encountered during these expeditions. The inferred droplet concentrations on the Pacific cruise were mostly in the 25 to 150 cm(-3) range, whereas they were mostly in the 50 to 500 cm(-3) range for the Atlantic cruise. The inferred effective supersaturation in the tropical MBL clouds was typically in the 0.15% to 0.25% range. Recent work of rang and Munkelwitz [1994] would indicate that particles consisting of mixtures of ammonium sulfate and sulfuric acid would not have recrystalized in the differential mobility analyzer (DMA) within the range of relative humidities (45% to 60%) at which the DMA was operated. At these humidities the hydrated size can be as much as 20% greater than the dry size. Corrections for the hydrated size within the DMA at the time of measurement are included and are also used to correct previous measurements of the relationship between dry size and critical supersaturation made using the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) DMA and NRL thermal gradient CCN counter. RP Hoppel, WA (reprint author), USN, REMOTE SENSING DIV, CODE 7228, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 41 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD NOV 27 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D21 BP 26553 EP 26565 DI 10.1029/96JD02243 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VW421 UT WOS:A1996VW42100034 ER PT J AU Bergsagel, PL Chesi, M Nardini, E Brents, LA Kirby, SL Kuehl, WM AF Bergsagel, PL Chesi, M Nardini, E Brents, LA Kirby, SL Kuehl, WM TI Promiscuous translocations into immunoglobulin heavy chain switch regions in multiple myeloma SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE chromosome translocation; isotype switch recombination; cyclin D1; immunoglobulin heavy chain gene ID PLASMA-CELL LEUKEMIA; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; B-CELLS; ESTABLISHMENT; LINES; GENE; INTERLEUKIN-6; PATIENT; SUBLOCALIZATION; REARRANGEMENTS AB In multiple myeloma, karyotypic. 14q32 translocations have been identified at a variable frequency (10-60% in different studies). In the majority of cases, the partner chromosome has not been identified (14q+), and in the remaining cases, a diverse array of chromosomal partners has been implicated, with 11q13 being the most common. We developed a comprehensive Southern blot assay to identify and distinguish different kinds of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) switch recombination events. Illegitimate switch recombination fragments (defined as containing sequences from only one switch region) are potential markers of translocation events into IgH switch regions and were identified in 15 of 21 myeloma sell lines, including seven of eight karyotyped lines that have no detectable 14q32 translocation. From all nine lines or tumor samples analyzed Further, cloned illegitimate switch recombination fragments were confirmed to be IgH switch translocation breakpoints. In three of these cases, the translocation breakpoint was shown to be present in the primary tumor. These translocation breakpoints involve six chromosomal loci: 4p16.3 (two lines and the one tumor); 6; 8q24.13; 11q13.3 (in three lines); 16q23.1; and 21q22.1. We suggest that translocations into the IgH locus (i) are frequent (karyotypic 14q32 translocations and/or illegitimate switch recombination fragments are present in primary tumor samples and in 19 of 21 lines that we have analyzed); (ii) occur mainly in switch regions; and (iii) involve a diverse but nonrandom array (i.e., frequently 11q13 or 4p16) of chromosomal partners. This appears to be the most frequent genetic abnormality in multiple myeloma. C1 NCI,USN,MED ONCOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20889. UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. RP Bergsagel, PL (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,COLL MED,NEW YORK,NY 10021, USA. RI Bergsagel, Peter/A-7842-2011 OI Bergsagel, Peter/0000-0003-1523-7388 NR 46 TC 261 Z9 265 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 26 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 24 BP 13931 EP 13936 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.24.13931 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VV467 UT WOS:A1996VV46700086 PM 8943038 ER PT J AU Campbell, ML AF Campbell, ML TI Kinetic study of the reaction of Ru(a F-5(5)) with N2O and O-2 from 296 to 623 K SO JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-FARADAY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article ID EXOTHERMIC HOMOLOGOUS REACTIONS; TRANSITION-METAL ATOMS; NON-ARRHENIUS BEHAVIOR; GAS-PHASE; ACTIVATION BARRIERS; CHROMIUM ATOMS; TEMPERATURE; OXIDATION; RUTHENIUM; SERIES AB The gas-phase reactivity of Ru(a F-5(5)) with N2O and O-2 in the temperature range 296-623 K is reported. Ruthenium atoms were produced by the photodissociation of ruthenocene and detected by laser-induced fluorescence. The reaction rate of the ground a F-5(5) state with N2O is very slow and temperature dependent. The bimolecular rate constant exhibits marked non-Arrhenius behaviour. The rate constants are described by the empirical relation ln(k) = (-54.4 +/- 0.2) + (3.95 +/- 0.04)ln T or, alternatively, by the biexponential relation k(T)= (1.3 +/- 0.3) x 10-(12) exp(-11.1 +/- 0.5 kJ mol(-1)/RT) + (1.9 +/- 1.9) x 10(-10) exp(-37.8 +/- 5.7 kJ mol(-1)/RT) cm(3) s(-1) where the uncertainties are +/-sigma. The disappearance rates in the presence of N2O are independent of buffer gas identity (Ar or N-2) and total pressure indicating a bimolecular abstraction mechanism. The reaction rate of the a F-5(5) state with O-2 is pressure dependent and decreases with increasing temperature indicating adduct formation. The limiting low-pressure third-order, k(0), and limiting high-pressure second-order, k(infinity), room-temperature rate constants in argon buffer are (5.2 +/- 0.7) x 10(-29) cm(6) s(-1) and (2.8 +/- 0.2) x 10(-11) cm(3) s(-1), respectively. In N-2, k(0) and k(infinity) are (1.1 +/- 0.2) x 10(-28) cm(6) s(-1) and (6.3 +/- 0.3) x 10(-11) cm(3) s(-1), respectively An upper limit of 498 kJ mol(-1) is established for the bond energy of RuO(g) based on the lack of a bimolecular reaction for Ru(g) with O-2. RP Campbell, ML (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. RI beyazkilic, pinar/G-6781-2011 NR 51 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0956-5000 J9 J CHEM SOC FARADAY T JI J. Chem. Soc.-Faraday Trans. PD NOV 21 PY 1996 VL 92 IS 22 BP 4377 EP 4384 DI 10.1039/ft9969204377 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VX029 UT WOS:A1996VX02900006 ER PT J AU Laming, JM Raymond, JC McLaughlin, BM Blair, WP AF Laming, JM Raymond, JC McLaughlin, BM Blair, WP TI Electron-ion equilibration in nonradiative shocks associated with SN 1006 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic processes; ISM, individual (SN 1006); shock waves; supernova remnants ID HOPKINS-ULTRAVIOLET-TELESCOPE; RESOLVED LAYER; CYGNUS LOOP; HIGH-BETA; COLLISIONLESS DISSIPATION; IMPACT EXCITATION; SUPERNOVA REMNANT; CHARGE-EXCHANGE; IA SUPERNOVAE; X-RAY AB The ultraviolet spectrum of SN 1006 observed by the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope (HUT) is modeled to infer the degree of electron-ion equilibration at the nonradiative shocks in the remnant. Such an approach is possible since the spectrum has lines (He II lambda 1640) whose excitation is dominated by electrons, and others (C IV lambda 1550, N V lambda 1240, O VI lambda 1036) in which protons and other ions are more important, and the intensity ratio between these is sensitive to the electron-ion temperature ratio. We find substantially less than full equilibration, marginally consistent with existing plasma simulations but rather more suggestive of even lower equilibration than these studies would predict. The more stringent limits on the electron temperature resulting from this allow a more accurate determination of the distance to SN 1006. Our result is 1.8 +/- 0.3 kpc. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Laming, JM (reprint author), SFA INC,1401 MCCORMICK DR,LANDOVER,MD 20785, USA. NR 50 TC 107 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 1996 VL 472 IS 1 BP 267 EP 274 DI 10.1086/178061 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VU065 UT WOS:A1996VU06500026 ER PT J AU Ngai, KL Plazek, DJ Echeverria, I AF Ngai, KL Plazek, DJ Echeverria, I TI Viscoelastic properties of amorphous polymers .6. Local segmental contribution to the recoverable compliance of polymers SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID TIME-TEMPERATURE SUPERPOSITION; THERMORHEOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY; GLASS-TRANSITION; BEHAVIOR; MOTION; POLYISOBUTYLENE; DEPENDENCES; DISPERSION; ACETATE); DYNAMICS AB A prominent shoulder exhibited in the shear retardation spectrum of a high molecular weight polystyrene enables the local segmental contribution to the recoverable compliance to be isolated and determined for the first time. The prominence of this shoulder depends on the time/frequency window of the viscoelastic measurements. This interesting dependence is explained by the thermorheological complexity of the glass-rubber softening dispersion. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, PITTSBURGH, PA 15261 USA. Univ Nacl Educ Distancia, MADRID 28080, SPAIN. RP Ngai, KL (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 30 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD NOV 18 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 24 BP 7937 EP 7942 DI 10.1021/ma9605558 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA VU066 UT WOS:A1996VU06600038 ER PT J AU Booth, JC Wu, DH Qadri, SB Skelton, EF Osofsky, MS Pique, A Anlage, SM AF Booth, JC Wu, DH Qadri, SB Skelton, EF Osofsky, MS Pique, A Anlage, SM TI Large dynamical fluctuations in the microwave conductivity of YBa2Cu3O7-delta above T-c SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INPLANE PARACONDUCTIVITY; PENETRATION DEPTH; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; THIN-FILMS; UNIVERSALITY; IMPEDANCE; FIELDS AB We report a systematic investigation of dynamical fluctuation effects in the frequency-dependent microwave conductivity (45 MHz-45 GHz) of YBa2Cu3O7-delta thin films for T greater than or similar to T-c. Our measurements directly yield a dynamical critical exponent z in the range 2.3-3.0, and the fluctuation lifetime tau(fl), which diverges more quickly than Gaussian theory predicts as the temperature approaches T-c from above, independent of sample quality. In addition, both the temperature and the frequency dependence of the fluctuation conductivity sigma(fl) exhibit scaling behavior for temperatures 1-2 K above T-c, and can be collapsed onto the same universal curve. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NEOCERA INC,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP Booth, JC (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT PHYS,CTR SUPERCONDUCT RES,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. RI Osofsky, Michael/A-1050-2010 NR 24 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 18 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 21 BP 4438 EP 4441 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.4438 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VT692 UT WOS:A1996VT69200040 ER PT J AU MacVittie, TJ Farese, AM Davis, TA Lind, LB McKearn, JP AF MacVittie, TJ Farese, AM Davis, TA Lind, LB McKearn, JP TI Mobilization of CD34+ and hematopoietic clonogenic cells in normal nonhuman primates using myelopoietin, syndrome, G-CSF and synthokine plus G-CSF. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MARYLAND,CTR CANC,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20084. MONSANTO CO,SEARLE RES & DEV,ST LOUIS,MO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 2557 EP 2557 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT983 UT WOS:A1996VT98302557 ER PT J AU Hill, JM Kellogg, JH Chute, JP Frame, JN AF Hill, JM Kellogg, JH Chute, JP Frame, JN TI Acute cholecystitis as the presentation of de novo acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT HEMATOL ONCOL, BETHESDA, MD USA. USN, MED RES INST, BETHESDA, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 3388 EP 3388 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT986 UT WOS:A1996VT98600649 ER PT J AU Zumofen, G Klafter, J Shlesinger, MF AF Zumofen, G Klafter, J Shlesinger, MF TI Reactions controlled by enhanced diffusion: Deterministic and stochastic approaches SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ANOMALOUS DIFFUSION; REACTION-KINETICS; DISORDERED MEDIA; LEVY PROCESSES; FLUCTUATIONS; ANNIHILATION; TRANSPORT; DYNAMICS; DENSITY; SYSTEMS AB We study the transient A + B --> 0 reaction at stoichiometric conditions in dimensions d = 1, 2, and 3. The particles are assumed to follow enhanced diffusion resulting from Levy walks characterized by the index 1 < gamma less than or equal to 2. Particle density decays and particle-particle correlation functions are calculated using deterministic reaction diffusion equations and a stochastic model based on random walks. In particular we concentrate on the breakdown of the Ovchinnikov-Zeldovich segregation phenomenon. Segregation is shown to disappear in d=3 dimensions under enhanced diffusion conditions for gamma < 3/2. The erosion of the segregation is an example of Levy mixing. C1 TEL AVIV UNIV,SCH CHEM,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. OFF NAVAL RES,DIV PHYS,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. RP Zumofen, G (reprint author), ETH ZENTRUM,PHYS CHEM LAB,CH-8032 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0104 J9 CHEM PHYS JI Chem. Phys. PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 212 IS 1 BP 89 EP 98 DI 10.1016/S0301-0104(96)00219-4 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VT630 UT WOS:A1996VT63000009 ER PT J AU Rencsok, R Jackson, KA Kaplan, TA Harrison, JF Pederson, MR AF Rencsok, R Jackson, KA Kaplan, TA Harrison, JF Pederson, MR TI Electronic properties of the electride-type molecule Li(9-crown-3)(2). Comparison of Hartree-Fock and local density approximations: Implications for crystalline crown ether electrides SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LI(NH3)(4); ENERGIES; ANIONS AB We consider the title molecule and its positive ion and calculate the HOMO charge density for the neutral molecule and the potentials for the positive ion, using the Hartree-Fock (HF) and local density approximation (LDA). Both approximations suggest that the ground state of the neutral is Rydberg-like with a spatially extended HOMO charge density with the LDA density considerably more compact than the HF. We analyze this difference in terms of the potential energy seen by the HOMO electrons in the two approximations. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,CTR FUNDAMENTAL MAT RES,E LANSING,MI 48824. CENT MICHIGAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,MT PLEASANT,MI 48859. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,E LANSING,MI 48824. USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Rencsok, R (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 262 IS 3-4 BP 207 EP 212 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(96)01097-4 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VT117 UT WOS:A1996VT11700006 ER PT J AU Warren, RW Dunlap, BI AF Warren, RW Dunlap, BI TI Fractional occupation numbers and density functional energy gradients within the linear combination of Gaussian-type orbitals approach SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BASIS SET; FORCES AB Gradients of the total energy with respect to nuclear displacements using fractionally occupied orbitals within a linear combination of Gaussian-type orbitals density-functional theoretical approach are discussed. Expressions for the gradient in the fractional occupation number solution as well as for Fermi and Gaussian broadening are presented and related to preciously described methods. RP USN, RES LAB, THEORET CHEM SECT, CODE 6179, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. OI Dunlap, Brett/0000-0003-1356-6559 NR 35 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 EI 1873-4448 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 262 IS 3-4 BP 384 EP 392 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(96)01107-4 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VT117 UT WOS:A1996VT11700035 ER PT J AU Gross, RS Marcus, SL Eubanks, TM Dickey, JO Keppenne, CL AF Gross, RS Marcus, SL Eubanks, TM Dickey, JO Keppenne, CL TI Detection of an ENSO signal in seasonal length-of-day variations SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AXIAL ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; NINO SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE MODEL; EL-NINO; EARTHS ROTATION; SPACE GEODESY; CYCLE; BUDGET; CHAOS; FLUCTUATIONS AB Conservation of angular momentum dictates that as the wind-driven axial atmospheric angular momentum changes, so will the length-of-day (LOD). In particular, as the strength of the seasonal zonal winds change, so should the strength of the seasonal LOD signals. Here, observed changes in the strengths of the annual and semiannual LOD signals during 1963-1991 are analyzed and shown to be both significantly correlated (at the 99% significance level) with the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), and to exhibit trends of comparable magnitude but opposite signs. This reported correlation between the SOI and changes in the amplitude of the seasonal LOD signals demonstrates a linkage between seasonal LOD (and hence seasonal zonal wind) variability and the El Nino / Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. Furthermore, this study suggests that observed variations in the amplitudes of the seasonal LOD signals can be used to study changes in the strengths of the seasonal atmospheric zonal winds on interannual to decadal and longer time scales. C1 USN OBSERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20392. RP Gross, RS (reprint author), CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,4800 OAK GROVE DR,MAIL STOP 238-332,PASADENA,CA 91109, USA. OI Marcus, Steven/0000-0002-5763-6961; Eubanks, Thomas Marshall/0000-0001-9543-0414 NR 31 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 23 BP 3373 EP 3376 DI 10.1029/96GL03260 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VU346 UT WOS:A1996VU34600023 ER PT J AU Cukauskas, EJ Allen, LH AF Cukauskas, EJ Allen, LH TI The properties of co-sputtered YBa2Cu3O7 and CeO2 thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY JUNCTIONS; FLUX-FLOW TRANSISTORS; HIGH-TC; DEVICES; SUPERCONDUCTORS AB We have investigated the morphology and superconducting properties of off-axis co-sputtered thin films of YBa2Cu3O7 and CeO2. The composite films were made with CeO2 concentrations up to approximately 43%. Morphology investigations using x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy suggest that films with less than 29% CeO2 may consist of a distorted YBCO crystal structure with Ce being incorporated into the lattice. Films with more than 29% consist of a new material phase. T-c and resistance ratio decreased with increasing CeO2 concentration. Degradation of T-c after photoresist processing was observed for films with higher amounts of CeO2. However, this degradation was reversed and T-c improved beyond that of the as-deposited film by processing the films with an oxygen plasma etch. The temperature dependence of the critical current near T-c showed two power law dependence regions with a crossover near 0.99 T-c for films having low concentrations of CeO2. This crossover shifted to lower temperatures for films with higher amounts of CeO2. I-c's were decreased by small applied magnetic fields, and for some samples response was observed which was greater than 0.5 mA/G and increased with decreasing temperature. For a sample having 26% CeO2, a 40% reduction in critical current for a 2 G applied field was observed. These magnetic field responses indicate that this material may be a promising candidate for the development of Josephson vortex flow devices. RP Cukauskas, EJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV ELECT SCI & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 10 BP 5843 EP 5849 DI 10.1063/1.363577 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VU987 UT WOS:A1996VU98700044 ER PT J AU Marmorino, GO Trump, CL AF Marmorino, GO Trump, CL TI High-resolution measurements made across a tidal intrusion front SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; DENSITY GRADIENTS; SURFACE; FRONTOGENESIS; PLUME; FLOWS AB High spatial resolution current and hydrographic measurements have been made across a tidal intrusion front in the James River estuary, Virginia, during the first few hours of flood. The current measurements were made with a surface-towed acoustic Doppler current profiler which was used in both profile and side-scan configurations. The profile data show a 30-50 cm s(-1) inflow of water from the Chesapeake Bay, a time-evolving across-front density gradient, and downward velocity beneath the front of about 15 cm s(-1). The side-scan observations directly measure the across-front change in current and provide a view of the three-dimensional character of the frontal interface. The nearsurface horizontal strain rate, a critical parameter for understanding the modulation of surface waves across the front, is estimated to be about 0.04 s(-1). Using Phillips' [1984] theory as a guide, fronts with such large strain rates as these should be discernible in imagery from the ERS 1 C band synthetic aperture radar for wind speeds of less than or equal to 4 m s(-1). RP Marmorino, GO (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,CODE 7250,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 28 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 101 IS C11 BP 25661 EP 25674 DI 10.1029/96JC02384 PG 14 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA VT419 UT WOS:A1996VT41900007 ER PT J AU Stammer, D Tokmakian, R Semtner, A Wunsch, C AF Stammer, D Tokmakian, R Semtner, A Wunsch, C TI How well does a 1/4 degrees global circulation model simulate large-scale oceanic observations? SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENT; NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; SOUTH INDIAN-OCEAN; DRAKE PASSAGE; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; HORIZONTAL RESOLUTION; HYDROGRAPHIC SECTION; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; HEAT-FLUX; SEA-LEVEL AB Numerical high-resolution ocean general circulation models have experienced a revolutionary development during the last decade. Today they are run globally in realistic configuration with realistic surface boundary forcing. To fully use the results of those models in understanding various aspects of the ocean general circulation and to combine ocean observations with models (state estimation) in a manner consistent with the data and model dynamics, stringent model-data comparisons are a necessary first step. In this paper a quantitative model-data comparison is carried out for the global Parallel Ocean Climate Model (POCM), known also as the Semtner and Chervin model, with nominal lateral resolution of 1/4 degrees. The focus is on various aspects of the simulated large-scale circulation and their relation to the TOPEX/POSEIDON sea surface height (SSH) observations and World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) hydrography. Comparisons are made for (1) the global mean sea surface circulation and absolute slopes, (2) rms SSH variability and eddy kinetic energy, (3) the simulation of the observed seasonal cycle in SSH, (4) two-dimensional frequency-wavenumber spectra of the large-scale fluctuations, as well as (5) the hydrography for WOCE sections. Recent improvements in external surface forcing fields including daily wind-stress fields and sea surface heat fluxes lead to a significant improvement in the overall agreement of the simulated and observed large-scale mean circulation and its variability. However, simulated amplitudes of variability remain low by about a factor of 2 to 4 over a broad spectral range, including the long wavelengths and periods. Both the causes and consequences of this low variability remain obscure. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OCEANOG,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP Stammer, D (reprint author), MIT,DEPT EARTH ATMOSPHER & PLANETARY SCI,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. NR 79 TC 169 Z9 169 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 101 IS C11 BP 25779 EP 25811 DI 10.1029/96JC01754 PG 33 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA VT419 UT WOS:A1996VT41900015 ER PT J AU Ramaswamy, AL Shin, H Armstrong, RW Lee, CH Sharma, J AF Ramaswamy, AL Shin, H Armstrong, RW Lee, CH Sharma, J TI Nanosecond and picosecond laser-induced cracking and ignition of single crystals of ammonium perchlorate SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Nanosecond and picosecond laser irradiations have been used to study the decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4) crystals, a main component of propellants. Chlorate (NH4ClO3) decomposition product was detected via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The decomposition is initiated amid associated mechanical deformations and microcracking processes occurring on a time scale commensurate with actual frequencies of energetic crystal decompositions pertinent to propellant combustion. Optical, scanning electron and atomic force microscopy methods have been applied to characterization of the laser-damage zones. Individual initiation or residual ''hot spot'' sites have been detected in the electron and atomic force microscope images, and are related to the cracking behaviour of the perchlorate allotropic phases. Evidence of the 240 degrees C orthorhombic to rock-salt type cubic transformation was obtained in nanosecond laser irradiations through a remnant microstructure of ultrafine cracks whose intersection points marked an array of decomposition sites. A dislocation model description is given for the connected cracking and decomposition site observations. C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903. RP Ramaswamy, AL (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 14 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 31 IS 22 BP 6035 EP 6042 DI 10.1007/BF01152156 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VU993 UT WOS:A1996VU99300026 ER PT J AU Viudez, A Haney, RL AF Viudez, A Haney, RL TI On the shear and curvature vorticity equations SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID COORDINATE AB The tendency equations for shear and curvature vorticity are interpreted as a function of the terms that modify speed and direction in a fluid element. The tendency equations consistent with this interpretation do not contain time derivatives on the right-hand side, and the interchange terms are kinematically independent of the shear and curvature vorticity tendencies. It is shown that an understanding of the anholonomic reference frame in which these equations are formulated, and the directional derivatives in this frame, is fundamental for the correct formulation and interpretation of these equations. Previous formulations. none of which have the above properties, are discussed and compared with those proposed here. Since shear and curvature vorticity and their rate of change are not Galilean invariant quantities, the above equations only represent relationships between kinematic and dynamic quantities that hold when the different terms are referred to the same reference system. When the equations are referred to a system of axes fixed to the earth, the new results show that both shear and curvature vorticity tendencies depend explicitly on the earth's rotation, although only the curvature tendency depends on the beta effect. The authors define the interchange between shear and curvature vorticity as the amount of vorticity that is cancelled when the shear and curvature tendencies are added. Except for special cases (e.g., when the flow is horizontally nondivergent and therefore relative vorticity is conserved) this interchange between shear and curvature vorticity cannot be identified with a unique collection of interchange terms on the right-hand side of the tendency equations. RP Viudez, A (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT METEOROL,589 DYER RD,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. RI Viudez, Alvaro/A-8201-2008 OI Viudez, Alvaro/0000-0001-7862-9835 NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 22 BP 3384 EP 3394 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(1996)053<3384:OTSACV>2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VV304 UT WOS:A1996VV30400014 ER PT J AU Culler, KW Price, GL AF Culler, KW Price, GL TI On the ranks of skew-centrosymmetric matrices over finite fields SO LINEAR ALGEBRA AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID CANONICAL SHIFTS; ENTROPY AB For any finite field F we determine the number of n by n matrices of skew-centrosymmetric form which are invertible over F. This result is obtained using a unimodality property of the ranks of matrices of this form. As a corollary to this result we count die n by n matrices of skew-centrosymmetric form of any specified rank. C1 USN ACAD,DEPT MATH 9E,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0024-3795 J9 LINEAR ALGEBRA APPL JI Linear Alg. Appl. PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 248 BP 317 EP 325 DI 10.1016/0024-3795(95)00249-9 PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA VP812 UT WOS:A1996VP81200017 ER PT J AU Lu, ZW Klein, BM Singh, DJ AF Lu, ZW Klein, BM Singh, DJ TI Electronic structure of heazlewoodite Ni3S2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DENSITY AB The electronic structure of heazlewoodite Ni3S2 has been studied within the local-density approximation, using an extended general-potential linearized augmented-plane-wave method. The calculation indicates that unlike many other transition-metal sulfides and oxides, Ni3S2 is a rather conventional metal with marginal electron-electron correlation effect. The electron-phonon enhancement factor similar to 0.5 is estimated from the calculated band-structure density of states at the Fermi level and the experimental electronic specific-heat coefficient. Examining the charge distribution reveals metallic as well as fairly strong covalent bonding in Ni3S2. C1 USN, RES LAB, COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP UNIV CALIF DAVIS, DEPT PHYS, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. RI Singh, David/I-2416-2012 NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 19 BP 13542 EP 13545 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.13542 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VV264 UT WOS:A1996VV26400034 ER PT J AU Sung, MM Ahn, J Bykov, V Rabalais, JW Koleske, DD Wickenden, AE AF Sung, MM Ahn, J Bykov, V Rabalais, JW Koleske, DD Wickenden, AE TI Composition and structure of the GaN{0001}-(1x1) surface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; OF-FLIGHT SCATTERING; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; RECOILING SPECTROMETRY; GALLIUM NITRIDE; W(211) SURFACE; TOF-SARS; GAN; GROWTH; HYDROGEN AB The composition and structure of the n-type GaN{<000(1)over bar>}-(1x1) surface of samples grown on sapphire by organometallic vapor-phase epitaxy (OMVPE) has been determined through the use of time-of-flight scattering and recoiling spectrometry (TOE-SAPS), three-dimensional classical ion trajectory simulations, low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), and thermal decomposition mass spectrometry (MS). Elastic recoil detection was used to determine the bulk hydrogen concentration. TOF-SARS spectra of scattered and recoiled ions plus fast neutrals were collected as a function of crystal azimuthal rotation angle delta and beam incident angle alpha using 4 keV Ne+ or Ar+ primary ions in order to determine the surface termination layer, presence and location of impurities, and possible reconstruction or relaxation. LEED, TOF-SARS, and MS were monitored as a function sample temperature up to the point of decomposition. The totality of these data leads to the conclusions that the (1x1) surface is neither reconstructed nor relaxed, that it is terminated in a N layer, that Ga comprises the second layer, that there are two domains rotated by 60 degrees from each other, and that there are steps on the surface. Hydro en atoms are bound to the outerlayer N atoms and protrude outward from the surface with of similar to 3/4 a coverage monolayer, facilitating autocompensation of the (1x1) structure. The bulk hydrogen concentration is similar to 4x10(19) atoms/cm(3). Evolution of gases commences at similar to 850 degrees C with the observed evolution of N-2, NH2, and H-2. These results are discussed in terms of reconstruction phenomena, autocompensation, film/substrate polarity matching, and the role of hydrogen in stabilizing the growth of GaN. C1 UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT CHEM,HOUSTON,TX 77204. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 53 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 20 BP 14652 EP 14663 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.14652 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VX717 UT WOS:A1996VX71700065 ER PT J AU Dunlap, BI Boettger, JC AF Dunlap, BI Boettger, JC TI Local-density-functional study of the fullerenes, graphene and graphite SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE; C-60; APPROXIMATIONS; POTENTIALS; SEPARATION; SURFACES; DILAYER; SYSTEMS AB Large basis set local-density-functional calculations on fullerenes, graphene and graphite suggest that fullerene stability increases monotonically with the number of carbon atoms (N), and is nearly linear in 1/N. C-60 is less stable energetically than C-70 and higher fullerenes, despite the apparent preference for C-60 in nature. The heat of formation found here for C-60 relative to graphite is in good agreement with experiment, while the heat of formation for graphene relative to graphite is overestimated by a factor of two. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Dunlap, BI (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,THEORET CHEM SECT,CODE 6179,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. OI Dunlap, Brett/0000-0003-1356-6559 NR 34 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 13 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD NOV 14 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 21 BP 4907 EP 4913 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/29/21/004 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA VU407 UT WOS:A1996VU40700004 ER PT J AU Gray, GC Coate, BD Anderson, CM Kang, HK Berg, SW Wignall, FS Knoke, JD BarrettConnor, E AF Gray, GC Coate, BD Anderson, CM Kang, HK Berg, SW Wignall, FS Knoke, JD BarrettConnor, E TI The postwar hospitalization experience of US veterans of the Persian Gulf War SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES-ARMY; NAVY PERSONNEL; DESERT-STORM; RECRUITS; HEALTH AB Background Since the Persian Gulf War ended in 1991, many veterans of that conflict have reported diverse, unexplained symptoms. To evaluate the health of Gulf War veterans, we studied their postwar hospitalization experience and compared it with that of other military personnel serving at the same time who did not go to the Persian Gulf. Methods Using a retrospective cohort approach and data from Department of Defense hospitals, we studied hospitalizations of 547,076 veterans of the Gulf War who were serving in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force and 618,335 other veterans from the same era who did not serve in the Persian Gulf. Using multivariate logistic-regression models, we analyzed risk factors for hospitalization both overall and in 14 broad diagnostic categories during three periods from August 1991 through September 1993 (a total of 45 comparisons). Results After the war, the overall odds ratio for hospitalization of the Gulf War veterans was not higher than that of the other veterans, even after adjustment for selection effects related to deployment. In 16 of the 42 comparisons involving specific diagnoses, the risk of hospitalization among Gulf War veterans differed significantly from that among other veterans. Among these 16 comparisons, Gulf War veterans were at higher risk in 5: neoplasms (largely benign) during 1991, diseases of the genitourinary system during 1991, diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs (mostly forms of anemia) during 1992, and mental disorders during both 1992 and 1993. The differences were not consistent over time and could be accounted for by deferred care, postwar pregnancies, and postwar stress. Conclusions During the two years after the Persian Gulf War, there was no excess of unexplained hospitalization among Americans who remained on active duty after serving in that conflict. (C) 1996, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS,ENVIRONM EPIDEMIOL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC. USN,CTR ENVIRONM HLTH,NORFOLK,VA. NAVAL MED RES UNIT 2,JAKARTA,INDONESIA. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SCH MED,DEPT FAMILY & PREVENT MED,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP Gray, GC (reprint author), USN,HLTH RES CTR,DIV CLIN EPIDEMIOL,EMERGING ILLNESS RES TEAM,POB 85122,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. NR 41 TC 133 Z9 134 U1 1 U2 1 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD NOV 14 PY 1996 VL 335 IS 20 BP 1505 EP 1513 DI 10.1056/NEJM199611143352007 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VT340 UT WOS:A1996VT34000007 PM 8890103 ER PT J AU Gu, ZJ Dong, J Allan, CB Choudhury, SB Franco, R Moura, JJG LeGall, J Przybyla, AE Roseboom, W Albracht, SPJ Axley, MJ Scott, RA Maroney, MJ AF Gu, ZJ Dong, J Allan, CB Choudhury, SB Franco, R Moura, JJG LeGall, J Przybyla, AE Roseboom, W Albracht, SPJ Axley, MJ Scott, RA Maroney, MJ TI Structure of the Ni sites in hydrogenases by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Species variation and the effects of redox poise SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DESULFOVIBRIO-GIGAS HYDROGENASE; THIOCAPSA-ROSEOPERSICINA HYDROGENASE; METHANOBACTERIUM-THERMOAUTOTROPHICUM; ACTIVE FORM; NICKEL; EXAFS; CENTERS; ACTIVATION; MECHANISM; BACULATUS AB Structural information obtained from the analysis of nickel K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopic data of [NiFe]hydrogenases from Desulfovibrio gigas, Thiocapsa roseopersicina, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (ATCC 27774), Escherichia coli (hydrogenase-1), Chromatium vinosum, and Alcaligenes eutrophus H16 (NAD(+)-reducing, soluble hydrogenase), poised in different redox states, is reported. The data allow the active-site structures of enzymes from several species to be compared, and allow the effects of redox poise on the structure of the nickel sites to be examined. In addition, the structure of the nickel site obtained from recent crystallographic studies of the D. gigas enzyme (Volbeda, A.; Charon, M.-H.; Piras, C.; Hatchikian, E. C.; Frey, M.; Fontecilla-Camps, J. C. Nature 1995, 373, 580-587) is compared with the structural features obtained from the analysis of XAS data from the same enzyme. The nickel sites of all but the oxidized (as isolated) sample of A. eutrophus hydrogenase are quite similar. The nickel K-edge energies shift 0.9-1.5 eV to lower energy upon reduction from oxidized (forms A and B) to fully reduced forms. This value is comparable with no more than a one-electron metal-centered oxidation state change. With the exception of T. roseopersicina hydrogenase, most of the edge energy shift (-0.8 eV) occurs upon reduction of the oxidized enzymes to the EPR-silent intermediate redox level (SI). Analysis of the XANES features assigned to 1s-->3d electronic transitions indicates that the shift in energy that occurs for reduction of the enzymes to the SI level may be attributed at least in part to an increase in the coordination number from five to six. The smallest edge energy shift is observed for the T. roseopersicina enzyme, where the XANES data indicate that the nickel center is always six-coordinate. With the exception of the oxidized sample of A. eutrophus hydrogenase, the EXAFS data are dominated by scattering from S-donor ligands at similar to 2.2 Angstrom. The enzyme obtained from T. roseopersicina also shows evidence for the presence of O,N-donor ligands. The data from A. eutrophus hydrogenase are unique in that they indicate that a significant structural change occurs upon reduction of the enzyme. EXAFS data obtained from the oxidized (as isolated) A. eutrophus enzyme indicate that the EXAFS is dominated by scattering from 3-4 N,O-donor atoms at 2.06(2) Angstrom, with contributions from 2-3 S-donor ligands at 2.35(2) Angstrom. This changes upon reduction to a more typical nickel site composed of similar to 4 S-donor ligands at a Ni-S distance of 2.19(2) Angstrom. Evidence for the presence of atoms in the 2.4-2.9 Angstrom distance range is found in most samples, particularly the reduced enzymes (SI, form C, and R). The analysis of these data is complicated by the fact that it is difficult to distinguish between S and Fe scattering atoms at this distance, and by the potential presence of both S and another metal atom at similar distances. The results of EXAFS analysis are shown to be in general agreement with the published crystal structure of the D. gigas enzyme. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,CTR METALLOENZYME STUDIES,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT CHEM,AMHERST,MA 01003. UNIV NOVA LISBOA,FAC CIENCIAS,DEPT QUIM,CTR QUIM FINA & BIOTECHNOL,P-2825 MONTE DE CAPARICA,LISBON,PORTUGAL. UNIV AMSTERDAM,EC SLATER INST BIOCHEM RES,FS,NL-1018 TV AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. USN,MED RES INST,NATL NAVAL MED CTR,BETHESDA,MD 20889. RI Moura, Jose/D-6426-2013; REQUIMTE, FMN/M-5611-2013; REQUIMTE, SMB/M-5694-2013; REQUIMTE, UCIBIO/N-9846-2013; Franco, Ricardo/C-5247-2008 OI Roseboom, Winfried/0000-0002-4034-8330; Moura, Isabel/0000-0003-0971-4977; Moura, Jose/0000-0002-4726-2388; Franco, Ricardo/0000-0002-5139-2871 NR 39 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 13 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 45 BP 11155 EP 11165 DI 10.1021/ja962429p PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VT466 UT WOS:A1996VT46600024 ER PT J AU Spector, MS Easwaran, KRK Jyothi, G Selinger, JV Singh, A Schnur, JM AF Spector, MS Easwaran, KRK Jyothi, G Selinger, JV Singh, A Schnur, JM TI Chiral molecular self-assembly of phospholipid tubules: A circular dichroism study SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE tubule; phospholipid; chirality; diacetylene ID LIPID TUBULES; BILAYER-MEMBRANES; MICROSTRUCTURES AB We report on spectroscopic studies of the chiral structure in phospholipid tubules formed in mixtures of alcohol and water. Synthetic phospholipids containing diacetylenic moieties in the acyl chains self-assemble into hollow, cylindrical tubules in appropriate conditions. Circular dichroism provides a direct measure of chirality of the molecular structure. We find that the CD spectra of tubules formed in mixtures of alcohol and water depends strongly on the alcohol used and the lipid concentration. The relative spectral intensity of different circular dichroism bands correlates with the number of bilayers observed using microscopy. The results provide experimental evidence that tubule formation is based on chiral packing of the lipid molecules and that interbilayer interactions are important to the tubule structure. C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. INDIAN INST SCI,MOL BIOPHYS UNIT,BANGALORE 560012,KARNATAKA,INDIA. RI Selinger, Jonathan/D-1445-2010 OI Selinger, Jonathan/0000-0002-4982-2457 NR 28 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 3 U2 21 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 12 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 23 BP 12943 EP 12946 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.23.12943 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VT054 UT WOS:A1996VT05400050 PM 8917523 ER PT J AU Ehrlich, Y Cohen, C Zigler, A Krall, J Sprangle, P Esarey, E AF Ehrlich, Y Cohen, C Zigler, A Krall, J Sprangle, P Esarey, E TI Guiding of high intensity laser pulses in straight and curved plasma channel experiments SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CAPILLARY DISCHARGE; SELF-MODULATION; ACCELERATION; DENSITY; PROPAGATION; WAVES; BEAMS AB Experimental demonstration of optical guiding of a high intensity (>10(16) W/cm(2)) laser pulse in a 1 cm long cylindrical plasma channel formed by a slow capillary discharge is presented. Optical guiding in a curved plasma (radius of curvature = 10 cm) is also demonstrated. It is shown experimentally that the guiding mechanism is insensitive to laser intensity over a wide range (similar to 10(8)-10(16) W/cm(2)). Results show guiding over similar or equal to 11 vacuum diffraction lengths in both straight and curved channels, in agreement with theory and simulation. C1 USN,RES LAB,BEAM PHYS BRANCH,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Ehrlich, Y (reprint author), HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,ROCAH INST PHYS,JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. NR 30 TC 239 Z9 244 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 11 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 20 BP 4186 EP 4189 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.4186 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VR556 UT WOS:A1996VR55600020 ER PT J AU Afanas'ev, VV Stesmans, A Twigg, ME AF Afanas'ev, VV Stesmans, A Twigg, ME TI Epitaxial growth of SiO2 produced in silicon by oxygen ion implantation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEFECTS; OXIDE AB Oxide layers produced hy implantation of (001) silicon with oxygen were found to contain a crystalline phase in registry with the Si substrate. The crystals resemble the coesite phase of SiO(2) with the b axis oriented along a [001] Si substrate direction. Formation of oxide crystals requires confinement of the oxide layer between two silicon layers, indicating the necessity of high pressure for epitaxial growth. C1 USN, RES LAB, DIV ELECT TECHNOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP Afanas'ev, VV (reprint author), CATHOLIC UNIV LEUVEN, DEPT PHYS, CELESTIJNENLAAN 200D, B-3001 LOUVAIN, BELGIUM. NR 22 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 11 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 20 BP 4206 EP 4209 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.4206 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VR556 UT WOS:A1996VR55600025 ER PT J AU Zaccheo, TS Karovska, M Cook, JW Howard, RA Brueckner, GE Korendyke, CM Schwenn, R AF Zaccheo, TS Karovska, M Cook, JW Howard, RA Brueckner, GE Korendyke, CM Schwenn, R TI Enhancing the spatial resolution of solar coronagraph observations using dynamic imaging SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE instrumentation, miscellaneous; space vehicles; Sun, corona; techniques, image processing AB The Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) C1 coronagraph on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) is designed to image the corona from 1.1 to 3.0 R.. The resolution of C1 is defined by the size of its CCD pixels, which correspond to 5''.6, and not by the diffraction limit of the optical system, which may be as small as 3''. The resolution of C1 can be improved using the technique of ''dynamic imaging''-the process of acquiring successive images of the same scene using sub-pixel displacements of the steerable primary mirror. We developed a technique we call the fractional pixel restoration (FPR) algorithm that utilizes these observations to construct an image with improved resolution. Simulations were used to test this algorithm and to explore its limitations. We also applied the direct co-addition and FPR algorithms to laboratory preflight images of a wire mesh grid. These results show that the resolution of the C1 coronagraph can be significantly enhanced, even in the presence of noise and modest differences between successive images. In some cases, the results can even reach the diffraction limit of the telescope. C1 USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. MAX PLANCK INST AERON,D-37189 KATLENBURG DUHM,GERMANY. RP Zaccheo, TS (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 1996 VL 471 IS 2 BP 1058 EP & DI 10.1086/178033 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VR611 UT WOS:A1996VR61100046 ER PT J AU Boisseau, JR Wheeler, JC Oran, ES Khokhlov, AM AF Boisseau, JR Wheeler, JC Oran, ES Khokhlov, AM TI The multidimensional structure of detonations in type Ia supernovae SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; supernovae, general; white dwarfs AB Many current models of Type Ia supernovae involve detonations at some phase of the explosion. Experimental and computational results for detonations in terrestrial fuel-air mixtures show that multidimensional effects are critical to understanding the initiation, propagation, and quenching of real detonations. Multidimensional calculations produce structures that can lead to unsteady detonation propagation in simulations of fuel-air mixtures, in agreement with experiments. We present here the first results to demonstrate the presence of multidimensional effects in detonations in degenerate carbon-oxygen matter. Our simulations show that perturbations induce transverse waves in the carbon-burning layer that interact and create pockets of incompletely burned material. This increases the effective size of the burning region, reduces the detonation velocity, and produces a different composition distribution in the detonated material relative to those predicted by one-dimensional calculations. C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT ASTRON,AUSTIN,TX 78712. USN,RES LAB,COMPUTAT PHYS & FLUID DYNAM LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Boisseau, JR (reprint author), SAN DIEGO SUPERCOMP CTR,POB 85608,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. NR 16 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 1996 VL 471 IS 2 BP L99 EP & DI 10.1086/310338 PN 2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VR612 UT WOS:A1996VR61200007 ER PT J AU English, DC Banse, K Martin, DL Perry, MJ AF English, DC Banse, K Martin, DL Perry, MJ TI Electronic overshoot and other bias in the CZCS Global Data Set: Comparison with ground truth from the subarctic Pacific SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID ZONE COLOR SCANNER; PHYTOPLANKTON PIGMENT; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; OCEAN; DYNAMICS; DIATOMS; IMAGERY; BLOOMS; WATERS AB For an area near Ocean Weather Station P in the eastern subarctic Pacific, in situ observations of surface phytoplankton pigment are compared to pigment concentration estimates from the Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS). CZCS data favourably supplement the in situ data, but a few extreme CZCS estimates have erroneously elevated the temporal composites of the region in the NASA Global Data Set. Effects of CZCS subsampling, atmospheric correction, cloud and systematic error detection on accuracy and variability are examined. For the open ocean, accurate atmospheric correction and detection of cloud contamination are the most important requirements for quantitative application of CZCS data. C1 USN,OCEANOG OFF,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. RP English, DC (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH OCEANOG,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD NOV 10 PY 1996 VL 17 IS 16 BP 3157 EP 3168 PG 12 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA VL981 UT WOS:A1996VL98100006 ER PT J AU Wike, WM Kiser, WR AF Wike, WM Kiser, WR TI Iron deficiency anaemia and febrile convulsions - Possible confounding factors include lead toxicity ... SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Letter RP Wike, WM (reprint author), USN HOSP,DEPT FAMILY PRACTICE,JACKSONVILLE,FL 32214, USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1H 9JR SN 0959-8138 J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD NOV 9 PY 1996 VL 313 IS 7066 BP 1205 EP 1205 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VR907 UT WOS:A1996VR90700048 PM 8916766 ER PT J AU Tycko, R Weliky, DP Berger, AE AF Tycko, R Weliky, DP Berger, AE TI Investigation of molecular structure in solids by two-dimensional NMR exchange spectroscopy with magic angle spinning SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ALANYL-GLYCYL-GLYCINE; STATE NMR; ROTATING SOLIDS; SIDEBAND INTENSITIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SPIN-1/2 NUCLEI; SPECTRA; CONFORMATION; PEPTIDES AB An approach to the investigation of molecular structures in disordered solids, using two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) exchange spectroscopy with magic angle spinning (MAS)I is described. This approach permits the determination of the relative orientation of two isotopically labeled chemical groups within a molecule in an unoriented sample, thus placing strong constraints on the molecular conformation. Structural information is contained in the amplitudes of crosspeaks in rotor-synchronized 2D MAS exchange spectra that connect spinning sideband Lines of the two labeled sites. The theory for calculating the amplitudes of spinning sideband crosspeaks in 2D MAS exchange spectra, in the limit of complete magnetization exchange between the labeled sites, is presented in detail. A new technique that enhances the sensitivity of 2D MAS exchange spectra to molecular structure, called orientationally weighted 2D MAS exchange spectroscopy, is introduced. Symmetry principles that underlie the construction of pulse sequences for orientationally weighted 2D MAS exchange spectroscopy are explained. Experimental demonstrations of the utility of 2D MAS exchange spectroscopy in structural investigations of peptide and protein backbone conformations are carried out on a model C-13-labeled tripeptide, L-alanylglycylglycine. The dihedral angles phi and psi that characterize the peptide backbone conformation at Gly-2 are obtained accurately from the orientationally weighted and unweighted 2D C-13 NMR exchange spectra. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN,VA 22448. RP Tycko, R (reprint author), NIDDKD,CHEM PHYS LAB,NIH,BLDG 2,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 55 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD NOV 8 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 18 BP 7915 EP 7930 DI 10.1063/1.472708 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VQ841 UT WOS:A1996VQ84100005 ER PT J AU Ngai, KL Phillies, GDJ AF Ngai, KL Phillies, GDJ TI Coupling model analysis of polymer dynamics in solution: Probe diffusion and viscosity SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POLYVINYL METHYL-ETHER) SOLUTIONS; GLASS TRANSFORMATION TEMPERATURE; HYDRODYNAMIC SCALING MODEL; ELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; POLY(ACRYLIC ACID) WATER; 12-ARM STAR POLYSTYRENES; SELF-DIFFUSION; TRANSLATIONAL DIFFUSION; CONCENTRATED-SOLUTIONS; LINEAR POLYSTYRENES AB The coupling model of Ngai et al. [K. L. Ngai, Disorder Effects in Relaxation Processes, edited by R. Richert and A. Blumen (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1994)] is applied to treat polymer dynamics in solution. Important dynamic quantities considered here include the zero-shear viscosity eta and the light-scattering spectrum (held correlation function) g((1))(t) of optical probes suspended in solution. The coupling model describes systems in terms of two times, a basic relaxation time tau(0) and a crossover time t(c), and a coupling exponent n. Use of scaling arguments allows us to extract values for n from the concentration dependence of eta and, by three separate paths, from the concentration, time, and scattering vector dependencies of g((1))(t). Values of n from these four distinct physical approaches are shown to be mutually consistent, especially in the higher-concentration, large-probe-particle regime in which the scaling arguments are most likely to be valid. The behavior of rt above the solutionlike-meltlike viscosity transition, and the effect of probe size on n, are briefly discussed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 WORCESTER POLYTECH INST, DEPT PHYS, WORCESTER, MA 01609 USA. WORCESTER POLYTECH INST, ASSOCIATED BIOCHEM FAC, WORCESTER, MA 01609 USA. RP USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Phillies, George/E-8109-2011; OI Phillies, George/0000-0001-5538-4361 NR 70 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD NOV 8 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 18 BP 8385 EP 8397 DI 10.1063/1.472693 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VQ841 UT WOS:A1996VQ84100053 ER PT J AU Gill, GS AF Gill, GS TI Simultaneous pulse compression and Doppler processing with step frequency waveform SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE radar; radar clutter; radar interference AB The author models the step frequency waveform in which the frequency of successive pulses is increased linearly in discrete steps. It is shown how to simultaneously realise the pulse compression and pulse Doppler processing with this waveform to improve the signal to noise ratio and to discriminate against clutter for detection of moving targets. RP Gill, GS (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 2 TC 16 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD, ENGLAND SG1 2AY SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD NOV 7 PY 1996 VL 32 IS 23 BP 2178 EP 2179 DI 10.1049/el:19961412 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VU447 UT WOS:A1996VU44700052 ER PT J AU Rudzinsky, MS Zia, RKP AF Rudzinsky, MS Zia, RKP TI Distribution of structure factors and phase transitions in a driven lattice gas SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID FIELD-THEORY; DIFFUSIVE SYSTEMS; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; CRITICAL DYNAMICS; MODEL; STATES AB Using Monte Carlo methods, we study the full distribution of structure factors in the standard driven lattice gas at half filling. The time evolution of the structure factors associated with the two lowest non-trivial wavevectors is used to construct histograms. For saturation drive, at temperatures well above T-c, both are exponentially distributed but with different widths. These results are well described by a continuum field theory with a dynamics which violates the usual fluctuation dissipation theorem. As T is lowered, one of these distributions remains essentially unaltered. By contrast, the other develops a maximum away from the origin, while staying single-peaked throughout. This behaviour is an unmistakable signal for a continuous transition. C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,CTR STOCHAST PROCESSES SCI & ENGN,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. RP Rudzinsky, MS (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,STRATEG & SPACE SYST DEPT,DAHLGREN DIV,17320 DAHLGREN RD,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD NOV 7 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 21 BP 6717 EP 6728 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/29/21/008 PG 12 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA VT264 UT WOS:A1996VT26400008 ER PT J AU Bodnar, JW Bradley, MK AF Bodnar, JW Bradley, MK TI A chromatin switch SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EUKARYOTIC DNA ORGANIZATION; MATRIX ATTACHMENT REGIONS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; NUCLEAR MATRIX; GENE-PRODUCT; MEDIATED TRANSCRIPTION; MOLECULAR-BASIS; DOMAIN MODEL; REPLICATION; ADENOVIRUS AB Cellular and molecular biological approaches that study eukaryotic gene regulation have led to separate models which describe structure and mechanism with differing precision. Using principles of combinatorial and cooperative interactions inherent in both models, we have extended concepts derived from a ''genetic switch'' for prokaryotes to a chromatin switch for eukaryotes composed of DNA, transactivators, nucleosomes and the nuclear matrix. We present a consensus model for gene regulation that uses a simple Monte Carlo method for simulating condensation and extension of chromatin. Such a chromatin switch can be modulated by known biochemical and molecular modifications, and the transactivator binding sites or enhancers within DNA domains can be organized into a hierarchy to control cell cycling and differentiation. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited. RP Bodnar, JW (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-5193 J9 J THEOR BIOL JI J. Theor. Biol. PD NOV 7 PY 1996 VL 183 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1006/jtbi.1996.0195 PG 7 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA VU831 UT WOS:A1996VU83100001 PM 8959107 ER PT J AU Karle, IL Ranganathan, D Haridas, V AF Karle, IL Ranganathan, D Haridas, V TI Crystal structure of cyclo(Adm-Cyst)(3): Example of a topologically defined double-helical cystine cyclic peptide SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTORS; CONFORMATION; PROTEINS; SUPERFAMILY; KNOTS C1 CSIR,REG RES LAB,BIOMOL RES UNIT,TRIVANDRUM 695019,KERALA,INDIA. RP Karle, IL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI V, haridas/K-2992-2012; TVM, NIIST/E-5132-2012 OI TVM, NIIST/0000-0002-5814-466X NR 19 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD NOV 6 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 44 BP 10916 EP 10917 DI 10.1021/ja961741w PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VR419 UT WOS:A1996VR41900040 ER PT J AU Berry, AD Tonucci, RJ Fatemi, M AF Berry, AD Tonucci, RJ Fatemi, M TI Fabrication of GaAs and InAs wires in nanochannel glass SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM WIRES; NANOCRYSTALS; DOTS AB A newly developed porous glass, nanochannel glass, was used to fabricate uniform, high-density GaAs and InAs micro- and nanowires with high aspect ratios. The fabrication process utilized reactions between organogallium and organoindium compounds with arsine to produce polycrystalline GaAs and InAs with crystallite sizes of approximately 50-130 Angstrom when annealed at 400-500 degrees C. At the higher annealing temperatures, the InAs wires exhibited an increase in surface porosity and grain size, whereas the GaAs wires maintained a uniform, smooth texture. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. USN,RES LAB,DIV ELECT SCI & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Berry, AD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6174,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 20 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 4 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 19 BP 2846 EP 2848 DI 10.1063/1.117338 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VQ170 UT WOS:A1996VQ17000018 ER PT J AU Roland, CM Bero, CA AF Roland, CM Bero, CA TI Normal mode relaxation in linear and branched polyisoprene SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID SLOW DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; UNDILUTED CIS-POLYISOPRENE; POLYMER MELTS; TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCES; CONCENTRATED-SOLUTIONS; RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; POLYBUTADIENE MATRIX; SEGMENTAL RELAXATION; CONSTRAINT RELEASE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS AB Dielectric spectroscopy was carried out on linear and three-arm star polyisoprenes (PI). The shape of the normal mode peak differed significantly from the corresponding mechanical terminal relaxation function, although the temperature dependencies measured for the two spectroscopies were similar. This represents a departure from the usual correlation between time and temperature dependencies. In accord with mechanical relaxation data on these same polymers, the normal mode peak is found to be broader and more sensitive to temperature for star-branched PI than for the linear polymer. RP Roland, CM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6120,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 68 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD NOV 4 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 23 BP 7521 EP 7526 DI 10.1021/ma960099n PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA VQ879 UT WOS:A1996VQ87900029 ER PT J AU Gluckman, BJ Netoff, TI Neel, EJ Ditto, WL Spano, ML Schiff, SJ AF Gluckman, BJ Netoff, TI Neel, EJ Ditto, WL Spano, ML Schiff, SJ TI Stochastic resonance in a neuronal network from mammalian brain SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID APPLIED ELECTRIC-FIELDS; CRAYFISH MECHANORECEPTORS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; SINGLE NEURON; NOISE; MODEL; CELLS; SYNCHRONIZATION; EXCITABILITY; INFORMATION AB Stochastic resonance, a nonlinear phenomenon in which random noise optimizes a system's response to a signal, has been postulated to provide a role for noise in information processing in the brain. In these experiments, a time varying electric field was used to deliver both signal and noise directly to a network of neurons from mammalian brain. As the magnitude of the stochastic component of the field was increased, resonance was observed in the response of the neuronal network to a weak periodic signal. This is the first demonstration of stochastic resonance in neuronal networks from the brain. C1 CHILDRENS NATL MED CTR, DEPT NEUROSURG, WASHINGTON, DC 20010 USA. CHILDRENS NATL MED CTR, DEPT NEUROSURG, WASHINGTON, DC 20010 USA. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV, SCH MED, WASHINGTON, DC 20010 USA. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV, PROGRAM NEUROSCI, WASHINGTON, DC 20052 USA. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, SCH PHYS, ATLANTA, GA 30332 USA. RP Gluckman, BJ (reprint author), USN, CTR SURFACE WARFARE, SILVER SPRING, MD 20903 USA. RI Spano, Mark/B-6883-2011; OI Ditto, William/0000-0002-7416-8012 NR 34 TC 223 Z9 226 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 4 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 19 BP 4098 EP 4101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.4098 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VQ147 UT WOS:A1996VQ14700040 ER PT J AU Lim, TW Bosse, A Fisher, S AF Lim, TW Bosse, A Fisher, S TI Structural damage detection using real-time modal parameter identification algorithm SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB A new approach to conducting structural damage detection is described. The approach employs a real-time modal parameter identification algorithm implemented in a digital-signal-processor-based data acquisition system, Because the modal parameter extraction process is conducted in real time, the algorithm is capable of identifying changes in structural properties attributable to structural damage as soon as they occur, Using the algorithm and a laboratory truss structure, it is demonstrated experimentally that continuous, real-time monitoring of anomalies attributable to structural damage is feasible. This monitoring capability will provide an early warning to an operator so that proper measures can he taken before a catastrophic failure occurs, The results of the damage detection study using the truss are presented along with the description of the real-time modal parameter identification algorithm. C1 SEALES & ASSOCIATES INC,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. USN,RES LAB,CTR SPACE TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Lim, TW (reprint author), UNIV KANSAS,DEPT AEROSP ENGN,LAWRENCE,KS 66045, USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 34 IS 11 BP 2370 EP 2376 DI 10.2514/3.13403 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VQ108 UT WOS:A1996VQ10800020 ER PT J AU Chang, EJ Kailasanath, K AF Chang, EJ Kailasanath, K TI Behavior of heavy particles in an acoustically forced confined shear flow SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP Chang, EJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CTR REACT FLOW & DYNAM SYST,COMPUTAT PHYS & FLUID DYNAM LAB,CODE 6410,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 34 IS 11 BP 2429 EP 2431 DI 10.2514/3.13413 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VQ108 UT WOS:A1996VQ10800029 ER PT J AU Keyser, JS Postma, GN AF Keyser, JS Postma, GN TI Brown tumor of the mandible SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GIANT-CELL LESIONS; HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; SKELETON C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,PORTSMOUTH,VA. NR 14 TC 42 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0196-0709 J9 AM J OTOLARYNG JI Am. J. Otolaryngol. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 17 IS 6 BP 407 EP 410 DI 10.1016/S0196-0709(96)90075-7 PG 4 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA VU679 UT WOS:A1996VU67900010 PM 8944301 ER PT J AU Covey, DC Sapega, AA Sherman, GM AF Covey, DC Sapega, AA Sherman, GM TI Testing for isometry during reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament - Anatomic and biomechanical considerations SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID KNEE-JOINT; INJURIES AB The change in the distance of linear separation between each pair of osseous fiber attachment sites of the posterior cruciate ligaments was measured and plotted as a function of the knee flexion angle from 0 degrees to 120 degrees, Data were collected under four sequential test conditions that had in common quadriceps relaxation, absence of tibial rotation forces, and horizontal femoral stabilization, The posterior cruciate ligament fibers were intact or transected (excursion wires left intact) with gravitational joint distraction of the lower leg unconstrained or constrained, The mall, posterior oblique fiber region was the most isometric of the four tested fiber regions, Progressively increasing deviations from isometry were seen in the posterior longitudinal, central, and anterior fiber regions, in that order, Transection of the posterior cruciate ligament, combined with unconstrained gravitational distraction of the knee joint, further increased the magnitude of deviation from isometry of the anterior and central fibers, but only changed the pattern of deviation for the more nearly isometric posterior fibers. Under simulated operative conditions, most of the posterior cruciate ligament's anatomic attachment sites exhibit nonisometric behavior, with near isometry demonstrated only by the relatively small posterior fiber attachment sites, If isometry alone is used for bone tunnel placement, the large anterior and central fiber regions will be left largely unreconstructed. Because the normal behavior of most of the fibers of the posterior cruciate ligament involves 4 to 6 mm of end-to-end length increase with progressive knee flexion, this pattern and degree of deviation from isometry should be sought to approximate an anatomic reconstruction of the anterocentral bulk of the ligament. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,MCKAY LAB ORTHOPAED SURG RES,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Covey, DC (reprint author), USN HOSP,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,BOONE RD,BREMERTON,WA 98312, USA. NR 28 TC 44 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC SOC SPORT MED PI WALTHAM PA 230 CALVARY STREET, WALTHAM, MA 02154 SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 24 IS 6 BP 740 EP 746 DI 10.1177/036354659602400607 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA VV148 UT WOS:A1996VV14800007 PM 8947394 ER PT J AU Feigelson, BJ Acosta, JA Feigelson, HS Findley, A Saunders, EL AF Feigelson, BJ Acosta, JA Feigelson, HS Findley, A Saunders, EL TI T1 breast carcinoma in women 70 years of age and older may not require axillary lymph node dissection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Annual Meeting of the Southwestern Surgical Congress CY APR 28-MAY 01, 1996 CL SCOTTSDALE, AZ ID CANCER; THERAPY; METASTASES; IMPACT AB BACKGROUND: The current trend in breast cancer treatment is toward breast conservation and selective use of axillary lymph node dissection, Patient eligiblity criteria for treatment without axillary dissection are evolving. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the tumor registry over a 10-year period at Naval Medical Center San Diego and included all women aged 70 and older with T1 breast carcinoma (n = 78). Data included tumor size, surgical therapy, post-operative therapy, recurrence, and survival. The women were divided into groups by the approach taken toward the axilla. RESULTS: No patient was given adjuvant chemotherapy. There were no axillary cancer recurrences in our patients. No statistically significant difference existed, regardless of the approach to the axilla, in recurrence or survival between groups. CONCLUSION: Axillary dissection in this population did not influence postoperative treatment, decrease recurrence, or improve survival, Our study suggests breast cancer treatment in this population should not include axillary dissection. (C) 1996 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT SURG,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. USN,MED CTR,DEPT RADIAT ONCOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Feigelson, BJ (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 11 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 172 IS 5 BP 487 EP 490 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(96)00249-8 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA VR818 UT WOS:A1996VR81800017 PM 8942550 ER PT J AU Galvin, F AF Galvin, F TI Disjoint curves SO AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL MONTHLY LA English DT Letter C1 USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. AMERICAN UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20016. RP Galvin, F (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATHEMATICAL ASSOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1529 18TH STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-9890 J9 AM MATH MON JI Am. Math. Mon. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 103 IS 9 BP 813 EP 813 PG 1 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA VT080 UT WOS:A1996VT08000014 ER PT J AU Holzsager, R AF Holzsager, R TI Disjoint curves SO AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL MONTHLY LA English DT Letter C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. AMERICAN UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20016. RP Holzsager, R (reprint author), UNIV KANSAS,LAWRENCE,KS 66045, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATHEMATICAL ASSOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1529 18TH STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-9890 J9 AM MATH MON JI Am. Math. Mon. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 103 IS 9 BP 813 EP 814 PG 2 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA VT080 UT WOS:A1996VT08000017 ER PT J AU Meyerson, MD AF Meyerson, MD TI Disjoint curves SO AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL MONTHLY LA English DT Letter C1 USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. AMERICAN UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20016. RP Meyerson, MD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATHEMATICAL ASSOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1529 18TH STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-9890 J9 AM MATH MON JI Am. Math. Mon. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 103 IS 9 BP 813 EP 813 PG 1 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA VT080 UT WOS:A1996VT08000016 ER PT J AU Robinson, RM AF Robinson, RM TI Disjoint curves SO AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL MONTHLY LA English DT Letter C1 USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. AMERICAN UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20016. RP Robinson, RM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATHEMATICAL ASSOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1529 18TH STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-9890 J9 AM MATH MON JI Am. Math. Mon. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 103 IS 9 BP 813 EP 813 PG 1 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA VT080 UT WOS:A1996VT08000015 ER PT J AU Turner, D Chang, CY Fang, K Cuomo, P Murphy, D AF Turner, D Chang, CY Fang, K Cuomo, P Murphy, D TI Kinesin movement on glutaraldehyde-fixed microtubules SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ASSEMBLY INVITRO; ORGANELLES; TRANSPORT; PROTEIN; TUBULIN; DYNEIN; MOTOR; FORCE AB Glutaraldehyde-cross-linked microtubules were investigated as substrates for kinesin motility. Microtubules, formed in vitro from chicken brain tubulin, were stabilized with Taxol and chemically fixed with glutaraldehyde. The degree of tubulin monomer cross-linking as a function of time and glutaraldehyde concentration was characterized using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Atomic force microscopy of fixed microtubules indicated that the cross-linking is sufficient to stabilize the gross structure of the microtubules against air drying or a distilled water challenge. Kinesin movement on immobilized, fixed microtubules was determined using a kinesin-coated bead motility assay observed with differential interference contrast microscopy. Within measurement error, kinesin bead movement velocities were independent of the degree of microtubule cross-linking. Binding affinity, however, decreased with increased cross-linking. Although air- and water-challenged microtubules did not support kinesin motility, a dilute suspension of glutaraldehyde-fixed microtubules in buffer supported kinesin motility for at least 2 days without any substantial degradation of activity. Fixed microtubules may be useful for several applications, including affinity purification of microtubule-associated proteins and motility measurements under extreme conditions of temperature and other variables. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20052. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT CELL BIOL & ANAT,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. RP Turner, D (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,LAB MOL INTERFACIAL INTERACT,CODE 6930,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM45745] NR 18 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 242 IS 1 BP 20 EP 25 DI 10.1006/abio.1996.0422 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA VT729 UT WOS:A1996VT72900004 PM 8923959 ER PT J AU Sharpe, RW Bethel, KJ Keefe, KS Hall, FW Levine, EM Regillo, CD AF Sharpe, RW Bethel, KJ Keefe, KS Hall, FW Levine, EM Regillo, CD TI Choroidal hematopoiesis in an adult SO ARCHIVES OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article RP Sharpe, RW (reprint author), USN,DEPT CLIN INVEST,MED CTR,34800 BOB WILSON DR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9950 J9 ARCH OPHTHALMOL-CHIC JI Arch. Ophthalmol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 114 IS 11 BP 1421 EP 1422 PG 2 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA VQ707 UT WOS:A1996VQ70700022 PM 8906040 ER PT J AU Anderson, GP Breslin, KA Ligler, FS AF Anderson, GP Breslin, KA Ligler, FS TI Assay development for a portable fiberoptic biosensor SO ASAIO JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENT SIGNAL ACQUISITION; EVANESCENT-WAVE BIOSENSOR; OPTIC BIOSENSOR; IMMUNOASSAYS; ANTIBODIES; ANTIGEN; PROBES; PLAGUE; TOXIN AB The fiberoptic biosensor with tapered optical probes has been developed to perform rapid and sensitive fluoroimmunoassays. A number of assays for biologic analytes were developed using a laboratory breadboard device that employed a large, 514 nm argon ion laser. These assays, with limits of detection of 5-50 ng/ml for protein antigens, showed promise for clinical use because of their demonstrated lack of matrix effects from plasma, serum, or blood. However, such a large device was impractical for on-site diagnostics, so a new, portable, multichannel biosensor was developed. To test this new biosensor, which uses 635 nm laser diodes, the assays were converted to use the cyanine dye, Cy5. The detection antibodies were labeled with Cy5 and assays performed to detect the F1 antigen of Yersinia pestis and the protective antigen of Bacillus anthracis. The limit of detection was found to improve by a factor of 10 for each assay. The portable biosensor was then evaluated in a blind test containing F1 antigen spiked into 30 of 173 serum samples. One hundred percent detection was achieved for samples with 100 ng/ml or more F1 antigen, with a specificity of 88%. C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011 OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893 NR 20 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1058-2916 J9 ASAIO J JI Asaio J. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 42 IS 6 BP 942 EP 946 PG 5 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Transplantation SC Engineering; Transplantation GA VW430 UT WOS:A1996VW43000004 PM 8959266 ER PT J AU Hilton, JL Seidelmann, PK Middour, J AF Hilton, JL Seidelmann, PK Middour, J TI Prospects for determining asteroid masses SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PERTURBATIONS; PALLAS; ORBIT; MARS AB The orbits of 4583 main belt asteroids are integrated orbits for 57 years and searched for asteroid-asteroid encounters from which it may be possible to determine the masses of 23 of the largest asteroids (diameter greater than or equal to 200 km) and 11 smaller asteroids. The search is conducted using a scattering formula which serves as a useful filter for identifying encounters that can lead to a mass determination. A total of 460 such encounters were found. The ten most useful of these encounters are examined in detail. The results show that, to make a reliable mass determination, the mean distance of the perturbed asteroid must be known to within a few times 10(-8) AU. An observing program targeting the asteroids listed here would have a substantial impact on our knowledge of asteroid masses and densities. (C) 1996 American Astronomical Society. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Hilton, JL (reprint author), USN OBSERV,3450 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20392, USA. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 112 IS 5 BP 2319 EP 2329 DI 10.1086/118185 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VQ496 UT WOS:A1996VQ49600047 ER PT J AU Zacharias, N Zacharias, MI Douglass, GG Wycoff, GL AF Zacharias, N Zacharias, MI Douglass, GG Wycoff, GL TI The Twin Astrographic Catalog (TAC) version 1.0 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CAPE PHOTOGRAPHIC CATALOG; CPC2; ADJUSTMENT AB A first version of the Twin Astrographic Catalog (TAG) of positions for 705,679 stars within -18 degrees less than or equal to delta less than or equal to 90 degrees has been produced. The sky coverage of the TAC is complete to over 90% in that area. The limiting magnitude is about B=12.0. Positions are based on 4912 plates taken with the U.S. Naval Observatory Twin Astrograph (blue, yellow lens) at epochs 1977-1986. The TAC is supplemented by proper motions which are obtained from a combination with a re-reduced Astrographic Catalog (AC). Some AC zones are available now and a complete northern hemisphere is expected by fall 1996. Proper motions of almost all TAC stars will be generated as the AC work progresses. The average precision of a catalog position is 90 mas per coordinate at epoch of observation. A large fraction of that error is introduced by the currently available reference stars. The inherent precision of the TAC data is considerably better. The precision of the proper motions is currently 2.5 to 4 mas/yr. Magnitude-dependent systematic errors have been found and preliminarily corrected. The final reduction of this plate material will be performed with the Hipparcos catalog in 1997. The TAC is about three times more precise than the PPM or ACRS in the northern hemisphere at current epochs and contains about three times more stars. The TAC has a higher star density than the Tycho catalog and provides independent, high precision positions for a large fraction of the Tycho stars at an epoch about 10 years earlier than the Tycho mean epoch. The TAC version 1.0 data are released as the AC zones become available. For latest information, look at the U.S. Naval Observatory World Wide Web page http://aries.usno.navy.mil/ad/tac.html. (C) 1996 American Astronomical Society. C1 USN OBSERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20392. NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 112 IS 5 BP 2336 EP 2348 DI 10.1086/118187 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VQ496 UT WOS:A1996VQ49600049 ER PT J AU Barlow, MJ NguyenQRieu TruongBach Cernicharo, J GonzalezAlfonso, E Liu, XW Cox, P Sylvester, RJ Clegg, PE Griffin, MJ Swinyard, BM Unger, SJ Baluteau, JP Caux, E Cohen, M Cohen, RJ Emery, RJ Fischer, J Furniss, I Glencross, WM Greenhouse, MA Gry, C Joubert, M Lim, T Lorenzetti, D Nisini, B Omont, A Orfei, R Pequignot, D Saraceno, P Serra, G Skinner, CJ Smith, HA Walker, HJ Armand, C Burgdorf, M Ewart, D DiGiorgio, A Molinari, S Price, M Sidher, S Texier, D Trams, N AF Barlow, MJ NguyenQRieu TruongBach Cernicharo, J GonzalezAlfonso, E Liu, XW Cox, P Sylvester, RJ Clegg, PE Griffin, MJ Swinyard, BM Unger, SJ Baluteau, JP Caux, E Cohen, M Cohen, RJ Emery, RJ Fischer, J Furniss, I Glencross, WM Greenhouse, MA Gry, C Joubert, M Lim, T Lorenzetti, D Nisini, B Omont, A Orfei, R Pequignot, D Saraceno, P Serra, G Skinner, CJ Smith, HA Walker, HJ Armand, C Burgdorf, M Ewart, D DiGiorgio, A Molinari, S Price, M Sidher, S Texier, D Trams, N TI The rich far-infrared water vapour spectrum of W Hya SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars, general; stars, individual, W Hya; stars, mass loss; stars, AGE and post-AGE ID OH-IR STARS; EVOLVED STARS; CIRCUMSTELLAR ENVELOPES; EMISSION; MASERS; SIO AB We present an ISO Long Wavelength Spectrometer (LWS) grating spectrum of the oxygen-rich AGE star W Hya from 43-197 mu m. The spectrum is dominated by a forest of water vapour emission lines, confirming that H2O molecules are the dominant coolants of the winds of these stars. We have constructed an outflow model for the H2O spectrum of W Hya, which successfully matches the fluxes of most of the observed H2O lines, using an adopted wind temperature profile. These fits are sensitive to the mass loss rate, to the H2O abundance and to the inner radius of the H2O emitting region. The best fit parameters correspond to a mass loss rate of 6 x 10(-7) M. yr(-1) inner and outer radii for the emitting region of 1.5 x 10(14) and 1 x 10(16) cm, and a H2O/H-2 abundance of 8 x 10(-4) for r less than or equal to 4.5 x 10(14) cm and 3 x 10(-4) at large radii. A decrease of the H2O/H-2 abundance in the outer envelope is consistent with the predictions of photochemical models. The availability for the first time of observations of the line fluxes from the dominant coolant species should enable improved models of the wind temperature distribution to be produced. C1 OBSERV PARIS, F-75014 PARIS, FRANCE. CSIC, IEM, DEPT FIS MOL, E-28006 MADRID, SPAIN. OAN, E-28800 ALCALA DE HENARES, SPAIN. UNIV ALCALA DE HENARES, DEPT FIS, E-28871 ALCALA DE HENARES, MADRID, SPAIN. UNIV PARIS 11, INST ASTROPHYS SPATIALE, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. UNIV LONDON QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL, DEPT PHYS, LONDON E1 4NS, ENGLAND. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DEPT SPACE SCI, CHILTON OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. CNRS, ASTRON SPATIALE LAB, F-13376 MARSEILLE 12, FRANCE. UPS, CNRS, CTR ETUD SPATIALE RAYONNEMENTS, F-31029 TOULOUSE, FRANCE. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, RADIO ASTRON LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV MANCHESTER, NUFFIELD RADIO ASTRON LABS, MACCLESFIELD SK11 9DL, CHESHIRE, ENGLAND. USN, RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. SMITHSONIAN INST, NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA. OSSERV ASTRON ROMA, I-00040 MONTE PORZIO CATO, ITALY. CNES, F-75001 PARIS, FRANCE. CNR, IST FIS SPAZIO INTERPLANETARIO, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. INST ASTROPHYS, F-75014 PARIS, FRANCE. OBSERV PARIS, F-92190 MEUDON, FRANCE. SPACE TELESCOPE SCI INST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. ISO, SCI OPERAT CTR, LWS INSTRUMENT DEDICATED TEAM, E-28080 MADRID, SPAIN. RP Barlow, MJ (reprint author), UNIV LONDON UNIV COLL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, GOWER ST, LONDON WC1E 6BT, ENGLAND. RI Barlow, Michael/A-5638-2009 OI Barlow, Michael/0000-0002-3875-1171 NR 13 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 315 IS 2 BP L241 EP L244 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VU266 UT WOS:A1996VU26600052 ER PT J AU Cernicharo, J Barlow, MJ GonzalezAlfonso, E Cox, P Clegg, PE NguyenQRieu Omont, A Guelin, M Liu, XW Sylvester, RJ Lim, T Griffin, MJ Swinyard, BM Unger, SJ Ade, PAR Baluteau, JP Caux, E Cohen, M Emery, RJ Fischer, J Furniss, I Glencross, WM Greenhouse, MA Gry, C Joubert, M Lorenzetti, D Nisini, B Orfei, R Pequignot, D Saraceno, P Serra, G Skinner, CJ Smith, HA Towlson, WA Walker, HJ Armand, C Burgdorf, M Ewart, D DiGiorgio, A Molinari, S Price, M Sidher, S Texier, D Trams, N AF Cernicharo, J Barlow, MJ GonzalezAlfonso, E Cox, P Clegg, PE NguyenQRieu Omont, A Guelin, M Liu, XW Sylvester, RJ Lim, T Griffin, MJ Swinyard, BM Unger, SJ Ade, PAR Baluteau, JP Caux, E Cohen, M Emery, RJ Fischer, J Furniss, I Glencross, WM Greenhouse, MA Gry, C Joubert, M Lorenzetti, D Nisini, B Orfei, R Pequignot, D Saraceno, P Serra, G Skinner, CJ Smith, HA Towlson, WA Walker, HJ Armand, C Burgdorf, M Ewart, D DiGiorgio, A Molinari, S Price, M Sidher, S Texier, D Trams, N TI The ISO/LWS far infrared spectrum of IRC+10216 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars, AGE and post AGE; stars, individual, IRC+10216; stars, circumstellar matter; infrared, stars ID HCN AB We present an ISO Long Wavelength Spectrometer (LWS) grating spectrum of the carbon-rich circumstellar envelope -CSE- of IRC+10216 between 43 and 197 mu m. The spectrum consists of strong dust emission plus a forest of emission lines from CO, HCN, (HCN)-C-13 and vibrationally excited HCN (nu(2)=1(1),2(0,2) and nu(1,3)=1) All the CO lines between J=14-13 and J=39-38 have been detected while lines of HCN with J(u) as high as 48 have also been observed. The molecular emission arises from the warm and dense gas located in the innermost zone of the CSE. The CO and HCN emission can be easily explained if the vibrational and rotational temperatures are around 700-1500 K. We also report the tentative detection of the bending mode of the C-3 molecule around 62 cm(-1) (157.2 mu m). C1 OAN, E-28800 A DE HENARES, SPAIN. UNIV LONDON UNIV COLL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON WC1E 6BT, ENGLAND. UNIV ALCALA DE HENARES, DEPT FIS, E-28871 ALCALA DE HENARES, SPAIN. UNIV PARIS 11, INST ASTROPHYS SPATIALE, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. UNIV LONDON QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL, LONDON E1 4NS, ENGLAND. OBSERV PARIS, F-75014 PARIS, FRANCE. INST ASTROPHYS, F-75014 PARIS, FRANCE. INST RADIO ASTRON MILLIMETR, F-38406 ST MARTIN DHERES, FRANCE. ISO, SCI OPERAT CTR, LWS INSTRUMENT DEDICATED TEAM, E-28080 MADRID, SPAIN. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. ASTRON SPATIALE LAB, F-13376 MARSEILLE, FRANCE. UPS, CNRS, CTR ETUD SPATIALE RAYONNEMENTS, F-31029 TOULOUSE, FRANCE. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, RADIO ASTRON LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. SMITHSONIAN INST, NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA. USN, RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. OBSERV ASTRON ROMA, I-00040 MONTE PORZIO CATO, ITALY. CNES, F-75001 PARIS, FRANCE. CNR, IST FIS SPAZIO INTERPLANETARIO, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. OBSERV PARIS, SECT ASTROPHYS, F-92190 PARIS, FRANCE. SPACE TELESCOPE SCI INST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. RP Cernicharo, J (reprint author), CSIC, IEM, DEPT FIS MOL, SERRANO 123, E-28006 MADRID, SPAIN. RI Barlow, Michael/A-5638-2009; Molinari, Sergio/O-4095-2016 OI Barlow, Michael/0000-0002-3875-1171; Molinari, Sergio/0000-0002-9826-7525 NR 11 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 315 IS 2 BP L201 EP L204 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VU266 UT WOS:A1996VU26600042 ER PT J AU Clegg, PE Ade, PAR Armand, C Baluteau, JP Barlow, MJ Buckley, MA Berges, JC Burgdorf, M Caux, E Ceccarelli, C Cerulli, R Church, SE Cotin, F Cox, P Cruvellier, P Culhane, JL Davis, GR DiGiorgio, A Diplock, BR Drummond, DL Emery, RJ Ewart, JD Fischer, J Furniss, I Glencross, WM Greenhouse, MA Griffin, MJ Gry, C Harwood, AS Hazell, AS Joubert, M King, KJ Lim, T Liseau, R Long, JA Lorenzetti, D Molinari, S Murray, AG Naylor, DA Nisini, B Norman, K Omont, A Orfei, R Patrick, TJ Pequignot, D Pouliquen, D Price, MC NguyenQRieu Rogers, AJ Robinson, FD Saisse, M Saraceno, P Serra, G Sidher, SD Smith, AF Smith, HA Spinoglio, L Swinyard, BM Texier, D Towlson, WA Trams, NR Unger, SJ White, GJ AF Clegg, PE Ade, PAR Armand, C Baluteau, JP Barlow, MJ Buckley, MA Berges, JC Burgdorf, M Caux, E Ceccarelli, C Cerulli, R Church, SE Cotin, F Cox, P Cruvellier, P Culhane, JL Davis, GR DiGiorgio, A Diplock, BR Drummond, DL Emery, RJ Ewart, JD Fischer, J Furniss, I Glencross, WM Greenhouse, MA Griffin, MJ Gry, C Harwood, AS Hazell, AS Joubert, M King, KJ Lim, T Liseau, R Long, JA Lorenzetti, D Molinari, S Murray, AG Naylor, DA Nisini, B Norman, K Omont, A Orfei, R Patrick, TJ Pequignot, D Pouliquen, D Price, MC NguyenQRieu Rogers, AJ Robinson, FD Saisse, M Saraceno, P Serra, G Sidher, SD Smith, AF Smith, HA Spinoglio, L Swinyard, BM Texier, D Towlson, WA Trams, NR Unger, SJ White, GJ TI The ISO long-wavelength spectrometer SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE artificial satellites, space probes; instrumentation, spectrographs; infrared, general AB The Long-Wavelength Spectrometer (LWS) is one of two complementary spectrometers aboard the European Space Agency's Infrared Space Observatory(1) (ISO) (Kessler et al., 1996). It operates over the wavelength range 43 - 196.9 mu m at either medium (about 150 to 200) or high (6800 to 9700) spectral resolving power. This Letter describes the instrument and its modes of operation. a companion paper (Swinyard et al, 1996) describes its performance and calibration. C1 ISO SCI OPERAT CTR, LWS INSTRUMENT DEDICATED TEAM, E-28080 MADRID, SPAIN. ASTRON SPATIALE LAB, CNRS, F-13376 MARSEILLE 12, FRANCE. OBSERV MARSEILLE, F-13248 MARSEILLE, FRANCE. UNIV LONDON UNIV COLL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON WC1E 6BT, ENGLAND. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. CTR ETUD SPATIALE RAYONNEMENTS, CNRS, F-31029 TOULOUSE, FRANCE. CNR, IST FIS SPAZIO INTERPLANETARIO, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. CALTECH, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. UNIV PARIS 11, INST ASTROPHYS SPATIALE, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. UCL, MULLARD SPACE SCI LAB, DORKING RH5 6NT, SURREY, ENGLAND. UNIV SASKATCHEWAN, INST SPACE & ATMOSPHER STUDIES, SASKATOON, SK S7N 5E2, CANADA. SMITHSONIAN INST, ASTROPHYS LAB, NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA. CNES, F-75001 PARIS, FRANCE. NAVAL RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. STOCKHOLM OBSERV, S-13336 SALTSJOBADEN, SWEDEN. OSSERV ASTRON ROMA, I-00040 MONTE PORZIO CATO, ITALY. UNIV LETHBRIDGE, DEPT PHYS, LETHBRIDGE, AB T1K 3M4, CANADA. INST ASTROPHYS, CNRS, F-75014 PARIS, FRANCE. OBSERV PARIS, F-92190 MEUDON, FRANCE. OBSERV PARIS, F-75014 PARIS, FRANCE. NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA. RP UNIV LONDON QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL, MILE END RD, LONDON E1 4NS, ENGLAND. RI Barlow, Michael/A-5638-2009; Molinari, Sergio/O-4095-2016 OI Barlow, Michael/0000-0002-3875-1171; Molinari, Sergio/0000-0002-9826-7525 NR 5 TC 286 Z9 287 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 315 IS 2 BP L38 EP L42 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VU266 UT WOS:A1996VU26600003 ER PT J AU Fischer, J Shier, LM Luhman, ML Satyapal, S Smith, HA Stacey, GJ Unger, SJ Greenhouse, MA Spinoglio, L Malkan, MA Lord, SD Miles, JW Shure, MA Clegg, PE Ade, PAR Armand, C Burgdorf, M Church, SE Davis, GR DiGiorgio, A Ewart, D Furniss, I Glencross, WM Gry, C Lim, T Molinari, S NguyenRieu, Q Price, MC Sidher, SD Smith, A Swinyard, BM Texier, D Trams, NR Wolfire, MG AF Fischer, J Shier, LM Luhman, ML Satyapal, S Smith, HA Stacey, GJ Unger, SJ Greenhouse, MA Spinoglio, L Malkan, MA Lord, SD Miles, JW Shure, MA Clegg, PE Ade, PAR Armand, C Burgdorf, M Church, SE Davis, GR DiGiorgio, A Ewart, D Furniss, I Glencross, WM Gry, C Lim, T Molinari, S NguyenRieu, Q Price, MC Sidher, SD Smith, A Swinyard, BM Texier, D Trams, NR Wolfire, MG TI LWS observations of the colliding galaxies NGC 4038/39 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE infrared, galaxies; galaxies, interactions; galaxies, starburst; galaxies, evolution; galaxies, nuclei; galaxies, individual NGC 4038/39 ID MOLECULAR CLOUDS; ANTENNAE; EMISSION AB Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) Long Wavelength Spectrometer (LWS) and ground-based Fabry-Perot imaging spectroscopic observations are used to penetrate the extinction to the powerful burst of star formation that has occurred in the extranuclear molecular cloud complex in the galaxy overlap region of the galaxies NGC 4038/39 (''The Antennae''). Parameters of the starburst and typical molecular cloud core characteristics are derived. It is found that the starburst can power the infrared luminosity of this galaxy system. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST, NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM, ASTROPHYS LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA. CORNELL UNIV, DEPT ASTRON, ITHACA, NY 14853 USA. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIV S&A, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. CNR, IST FIS SPAZIO INTERPLANETARIO, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT ASTRON, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. CALTECH, IPAC, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. GEORGIA STATE UNIV, CTR HIGH ANGULAR RES ASTRO, ATLANTA, GA 30303 USA. UNIV LONDON QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL, DEPT PHYS, LONDON E1 4NS, ENGLAND. ISO, SCI OPERAT CTR, LWS INSTRUMENT DEDICATED TEAM, MADRID 50727, SPAIN. CALTECH, DIV PHYS MATH & ASTRON, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. UNIV SASKATCHEWAN, INST SPACE & ATMOSPHER STUDIES, SASKATOON, SK S7N 5E2, CANADA. UNIV LONDON UNIV COLL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON WC1E 6BT, ENGLAND. ASTRON SPATIALE LAB, CNRS, F-13248 MARSEILLE 12, FRANCE. OBSERV PARIS, F-75014 PARIS, FRANCE. RP Fischer, J (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, 4555 OVERLOOOK AVE SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Molinari, Sergio/O-4095-2016 OI Molinari, Sergio/0000-0002-9826-7525 NR 15 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 315 IS 2 BP L97 EP L100 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VU266 UT WOS:A1996VU26600016 ER PT J AU Liu, XW Barlow, MJ NguyenQRieu TruongBach Cox, P Pequignot, D Clegg, PE Swinyard, BM Griffin, MJ Baluteau, JP Lim, T Skinner, CJ Smith, HA Ade, PAR Furniss, I Towlson, WA Unger, SJ King, KJ Davis, GR Cohen, M Emery, RJ Fischer, J Glencross, WM Caux, E Greenhouse, MA Gry, C Joubert, M Lorenzetti, D Nisini, B Omont, A Orfei, R Saraceno, P Serra, G Walker, HJ Armand, C Burgdorf, M DiGiorgio, A Molinari, S Price, M Texier, D Sidher, S Trams, N AF Liu, XW Barlow, MJ NguyenQRieu TruongBach Cox, P Pequignot, D Clegg, PE Swinyard, BM Griffin, MJ Baluteau, JP Lim, T Skinner, CJ Smith, HA Ade, PAR Furniss, I Towlson, WA Unger, SJ King, KJ Davis, GR Cohen, M Emery, RJ Fischer, J Glencross, WM Caux, E Greenhouse, MA Gry, C Joubert, M Lorenzetti, D Nisini, B Omont, A Orfei, R Saraceno, P Serra, G Walker, HJ Armand, C Burgdorf, M DiGiorgio, A Molinari, S Price, M Texier, D Sidher, S Trams, N TI The ISO LWS grating spectrum of NGC 7027 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE planetary nebulae, general; planetary nebulae, individual, NGC 7027; ISM, atoms; ISM, molecules ID PLANETARY-NEBULAE; NGC-7027; EMISSION AB We present a high signal-to-noise ISO Long Wavelength Spectrometer (LWS) grating spectrum of the planetary nebula NGC7027 from 43-194 mu m. In total 40 emission lines have been detected, with 30 identified. From the ionized region, we observe fine-structure lines from [N Il], [N III] and [O III]. The [O I] and [C II] fine-structure lines from the photodissociation region are the strongest features observed in this spectral region. Amongst the molecular lines, 11 pure rotation CO lines from J=14-13 up to J=24-23 have been detected. The most striking result, however, is the detection in this carbon-rich nebula of the o-H2O 179.53 mu m and the OH 119.3 mu m fundamental lines. Astrophysical implications are briefly discussed. C1 OBSERV PARIS, F-75014 PARIS, FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 11, INST ASTROPHYS SPATIALE, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. OBSERV PARIS, F-92190 MEUDON, FRANCE. UNIV LONDON QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL, DEPT PHYS, LONDON E1 4NS, ENGLAND. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DEPT SPACE SCI, CHILTON OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. ASTRON SPATIALE LAB, CNRS, F-13376 MARSEILLE 12, FRANCE. ISO, SCI OPERAT CTR, LWS INSTRUMENT DEDICATED TEAM, E-28080 MADRID, SPAIN. SPACE TELESCOPE SCI INST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. SMITHSONIAN INST, NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM, ASTROPHYS LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA. UNIV SASKATCHEWAN, INST SPACE & ATMOSPHERE STUDIES, SASKATOON, SK S7N 5E2, CANADA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, RADIO ASTRON LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. USN, RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. UNIV TOULOUSE 3, CTR ETUD SPATIALE RAYONNEMENTS, CNRS, F-31029 TOULOUSE, FRANCE. CNES, F-75001 PARIS, FRANCE. OSSERV ASTRON ROMA, I-00040 MONTE PORZIO CATO, ITALY. CNR, IST FIS SPAZIO INTERPLANETARIO, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. INST ASTROPHYS, F-75014 PARIS, FRANCE. RP UNIV LONDON UNIV COLL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, GOWER ST, LONDON WC1E 6BT, ENGLAND. RI Barlow, Michael/A-5638-2009 OI Barlow, Michael/0000-0002-3875-1171 NR 14 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 315 IS 2 BP L257 EP L260 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VU266 UT WOS:A1996VU26600056 ER PT J AU Nisini, B Lorenzetti, D Cohen, M Ceccarelli, C Giannini, T Liseau, R Molinari, S Radicchi, A Saraceno, P Spinoglio, L Tommasi, E Clegg, PE Ade, PAR Armand, C Barlow, MJ Burgdorf, M Caux, E Cerulli, P Church, SE DiGiorgio, A Fischer, J Furniss, I Glencross, WM Griffin, MJ Gry, C King, KJ Lim, T Naylor, DA Texier, D Orfei, R NguyenQRieu Sidher, S Smith, BM Swinyard, BM Trams, N Unger, SJ White, GJ AF Nisini, B Lorenzetti, D Cohen, M Ceccarelli, C Giannini, T Liseau, R Molinari, S Radicchi, A Saraceno, P Spinoglio, L Tommasi, E Clegg, PE Ade, PAR Armand, C Barlow, MJ Burgdorf, M Caux, E Cerulli, P Church, SE DiGiorgio, A Fischer, J Furniss, I Glencross, WM Griffin, MJ Gry, C King, KJ Lim, T Naylor, DA Texier, D Orfei, R NguyenQRieu Sidher, S Smith, BM Swinyard, BM Trams, N Unger, SJ White, GJ TI LWS-spectroscopy of Herbig Haro objects and molecular outflows in the Cha II dark cloud SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars, formation; stars, individual, IRAS 12496-7650; ISM, jets and outflows; ISRI, individual objects, HH52,53,54; infrared, ISM, lines ID PHOTODISSOCIATION REGIONS; EXCITING STARS; AE STAR; EMISSION AB We present the first far infrared spectra of the Herbig Hare objects HH 52-53-54 and of IRAS 12496-7650, all located in the nearby star forming region known as Chamaleon II dark cloud, obtained with the Long Wavelength Spectrometer (LWS) onboard the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). The richest spectrum is found in HH54, showing molecular transitions (CO with J(u) from 19 to 14, water vapour mainly in its ortho form and OH) and low excitation fine structure lines ([OI]63, 145 mu m, [CII]158 mu m). In HH52 and HH53, only the [OI] and [CII] lines are detected. The LWS spectrum of IRAS 12496-7650 shows both fine structure and CO lines. The [CII]158 mu m line is ubiquitous in the region, as proved by its presence in all ISO pointings, including the raster scan maps. The fine structure lines are used to evaluate the physical parameters of the emitting regions. In particular, the mass loss rates of each outflow present in the region, are derived from the [OI]63 mu m line luminosity. C1 OSSERV ASTRON ROMA, I-00040 MONTE PORZIO CATO, ITALY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, RADIO ASTRON LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. OBSERV GRENOBLE, ASTROPHYS LAB, F-38041 GRENOBLE, FRANCE. STOCKHOLM OBSERV, S-13336 SALTSJOBADEN, SWEDEN. ISO, SCI OPERAT CTR, LWS INSTRUMENT DEDICATED TEAM, VILLAFRANCA, SPAIN. UNIV LONDON QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL, DEPT PHYS, LONDON E1 4NS, ENGLAND. UNIV LONDON UNIV COLL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON WC1E 6BT, ENGLAND. UNIV TOULOUSE 3, CESR, CNRS, F-31029 TOULOUSE, FRANCE. CALTECH, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. USN, RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DEPT SPACE SCI, CHILTON OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. UNIV LETHBRIDGE, DEPT PHYS, LETHBRIDGE, AB T1K 3M4, CANADA. OBSERV PARIS, F-75014 PARIS, FRANCE. SMITHSONIAN INST, NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM, ASTROPHYS LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA. RP Nisini, B (reprint author), CNR, IST FIS SPAZIO INTERPLANETARIO, CASELLA POSTALE 27, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. RI Barlow, Michael/A-5638-2009; Molinari, Sergio/O-4095-2016 OI Barlow, Michael/0000-0002-3875-1171; Molinari, Sergio/0000-0002-9826-7525 NR 17 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 315 IS 2 BP L321 EP L324 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VU266 UT WOS:A1996VU26600072 ER PT J AU Saraceno, P Ceccarelli, C Clegg, P Correia, C DiGiorgio, A Giannini, T Griffin, M Lorenzetti, D Molinari, S NguyenQRieu Nisini, B Radicchi, A Spinoglio, L Tommasi, E White, GJ Ade, PAR Andre, P Armand, C Barlow, MJ Burgdorf, M Caux, E Cerulli, P Fischer, J Furniss, I Glencross, B Gry, C King, KJ Lim, T Liseau, R Minchin, N Naylor, D Texier, D Orfei, R Palla, F Sidher, S Smith, HA Swinyard, B Trams, N Unger, S AF Saraceno, P Ceccarelli, C Clegg, P Correia, C DiGiorgio, A Giannini, T Griffin, M Lorenzetti, D Molinari, S NguyenQRieu Nisini, B Radicchi, A Spinoglio, L Tommasi, E White, GJ Ade, PAR Andre, P Armand, C Barlow, MJ Burgdorf, M Caux, E Cerulli, P Fischer, J Furniss, I Glencross, B Gry, C King, KJ Lim, T Liseau, R Minchin, N Naylor, D Texier, D Orfei, R Palla, F Sidher, S Smith, HA Swinyard, B Trams, N Unger, S TI LWS observations of the bright rimmed globule IC1396N SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars, formation; ISM, jets and outflows; ISM, individual objects, 1C1396N; infrared, ISM, lines ID EMISSION; DENSITY AB We present the first far-infrared spectrum of the IRAS source associated with IC1396N, located in the HII region IC1396 together with submillimeter and millimeter photometry. A rich spectrum of CO, OH, and H2O lines are detected in the ISO-LWS spectrum, indicative of a warm, dense region, probably shock excited, around the source. Among the fine structure lines, [OIII] and [NIII] are also detected and can be explained by the presence of the O6 star HD206267 approximately 16 pc away. The far infrared and submillimeter spectral energy distribution is fitted with a model assuming spherical grey-bodies with a radial power law of density and temperature. An accurate measure of the bolometric luminosity and an estimate of the total envelope mass are obtained. C1 OBSERV GRENOBLE, ASTROPHYS LAB, F-38041 GRENOBLE, FRANCE. UNIV LONDON QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL, DEPT PHYS, LONDON E1 4NS, ENGLAND. ISO, SCI OPERAT CTR, LWS INSTUMENT DEDICATED TEAM, VILLAFRANCA, SPAIN. OSSERV ASTRON ROMA, I-00040 MONTE PORZIO CATO, ITALY. OBSERV PARIS, F-75014 PARIS, FRANCE. CENS, CEA, SERV ASTROPHYS, F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE, FRANCE. UNIV LONDON UNIV COLL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON WC1E 6BT, ENGLAND. UNIV TOULOUSE 3, CESR, CNRS, F-31029 TOULOUSE, FRANCE. USN, RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. STOCKHOLM OBSERV, S-13336 SALTSJOBADEN, SWEDEN. UNIV LETHBRIDGE, DEPT PHYS, LETHBRIDGE, AB T1K 3M4, CANADA. OSSERV ASTROFIS ARCETRI, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. SMITHSONIAN INST, NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM, ASTROPHYS LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DEPT SPACE SCI, CHILTON OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. RP Saraceno, P (reprint author), CNR, IST FIS SPAZIO INTERPLANETARIO, CP 27, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. RI Barlow, Michael/A-5638-2009; Molinari, Sergio/O-4095-2016 OI Barlow, Michael/0000-0002-3875-1171; Molinari, Sergio/0000-0002-9826-7525 NR 15 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 315 IS 2 BP L293 EP L296 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VU266 UT WOS:A1996VU26600065 ER PT J AU Swinyard, BM Clegg, PE Ade, PAR Armand, C Balteau, JP Barlow, MJ Berges, JC Burgdorf, M Caux, E Ceccarelli, C Cerulli, R Church, SE Colgan, S Cotin, F Cox, P Cruvellier, P Davis, GR DiGiorgio, A Emery, RJ Ewart, D Fischer, J Furniss, I Glencrossi, WM Greenhouse, M Griffin, MJ Gry, C Haas, MR Joubert, M King, KJ Lim, T Liseau, R Lord, S Lorenzetti, D Molinari, S Naylor, DA Nisini, B Omont, A Orfei, R Patrick, T Pequignot, D Pouliquen, D Price, MC NguyenQRieu Robinson, FD Saisse, M Saraceno, P Serra, G Sidher, SD Smith, HA Spinoglio, L Texier, D Towlson, WA Trams, N Unger, SJ White, GJ AF Swinyard, BM Clegg, PE Ade, PAR Armand, C Balteau, JP Barlow, MJ Berges, JC Burgdorf, M Caux, E Ceccarelli, C Cerulli, R Church, SE Colgan, S Cotin, F Cox, P Cruvellier, P Davis, GR DiGiorgio, A Emery, RJ Ewart, D Fischer, J Furniss, I Glencrossi, WM Greenhouse, M Griffin, MJ Gry, C Haas, MR Joubert, M King, KJ Lim, T Liseau, R Lord, S Lorenzetti, D Molinari, S Naylor, DA Nisini, B Omont, A Orfei, R Patrick, T Pequignot, D Pouliquen, D Price, MC NguyenQRieu Robinson, FD Saisse, M Saraceno, P Serra, G Sidher, SD Smith, HA Spinoglio, L Texier, D Towlson, WA Trams, N Unger, SJ White, GJ TI Calibration and performance of the ISO Long-Wavelength Spectrometer SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE artificial satellites; instrumentation, spectrographs; infrared, general AB The wavelength and flux calibration, and the in-orbit performance of the Infrared Space Observatory Long-Wavelength Spectrometer (LWS) are described. The LWS calibration is mostly complete and the instrument's performance in orbit is largely as expected before launch. The effects of ionising radiation on the detectors, and the techniques used to minimise them are outlined. The overall sensitivity figures achieved in practice are summarised. The standard processing of LWS data is described. C1 UNIV LONDON QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL, LONDON E1 4NS, ENGLAND. ISO, SCI OPERAT CTR, LWS INSTRUMENT DEDICATED TEAM, VILLAFRANCA, SPAIN. OBSERV MARSEILLE, F-13248 MARSEILLE, FRANCE. UNIV LONDON UNIV COLL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LONDON WC1E 6BT, ENGLAND. ASTRON SPATIALE LAB, F-13376 MARSEILLE, FRANCE. CTR ETUD SPATIALE RAYONNEMENTS, F-31029 TOULOUSE, FRANCE. CNR, IST FIS SPAZIO INTERPLANETARIO, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. CALTECH, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. NASA, AMES RES CTR, ASTROPHYS BRANCH 2456, DIV SPACE SCI, MOFFETT FIELD, CA 94035 USA. UNIV PARIS 11, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. UNIV SASKATCHEWAN, INST SPACE & ATMOSPHER STUDIES, SASKATOON, SK S7N 5E2, CANADA. USN, RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. SMITHSONIAN INST, ASTROPHYS LAB, NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA. CNES, F-75001 PARIS, FRANCE. STOCKHOLM OBSERV, S-13336 SALTSJOBADEN, SWEDEN. CALTECH, IPAC, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. OSSERV ASTRON ROMA, I-00040 MONTE PORZIO CATO, ITALY. UNIV LETHBRIDGE, DEPT PHYS, LETHBRIDGE, AB T1K 3M4, CANADA. INST ASTROPHYS, F-75014 PARIS, FRANCE. MULLARD SPACE SCI LAB, DORKING RH5 6NT, SURREY, ENGLAND. OBSERV PARIS, SECT ASTROPHYS, F-92190 PARIS, FRANCE. OBSERV PARIS, F-75014 PARIS, FRANCE. NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA. RP Swinyard, BM (reprint author), RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. RI Barlow, Michael/A-5638-2009; Colgan, Sean/M-4742-2014; Molinari, Sergio/O-4095-2016 OI Barlow, Michael/0000-0002-3875-1171; Molinari, Sergio/0000-0002-9826-7525 NR 6 TC 107 Z9 107 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 315 IS 2 BP L43 EP L48 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VU266 UT WOS:A1996VU26600004 ER PT J AU Boberg, PR Tylka, AJ Adams, JH AF Boberg, PR Tylka, AJ Adams, JH TI Solar energetic fe charge state measurements: Implications for acceleration by coronal mass ejection-driven shocks SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; solar wind; Sun, particle emission; shock waves ID MEAN IONIC CHARGE; PARTICLES; FLARES; TEMPERATURE; IONIZATION; NUCLEON AB A variety of studies have demonstrated that large (gradual) solar energetic particle (SEP) events are produced by shocks driven by fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs). As the CME-driven shocks propagate through the corona and interplanetary space, they accelerate energetic particles from ambient plasma. A key piece of evidence supporting the CME-driven shock acceleration scenario is the SEP Fe mean charge state measurements from similar to 1 MeV nucleon(-1) to 200-600 MeV nucleon(-1), which are consistent with each other and imply acceleration in either the high corona or interplanetary space. However, the SEP Fe mean ionic charge state measurements are generally inconsistent with typical quasi-stationary interstream or coronal hole solar wind Fe charge state measurements, despite the fact that gradual SEP time profiles indicate that shock acceleration subsequent to departure from the corona dominates the SEP observations. These Fe results indicate that neither overtaken solar wind nor charge state biasing of the solar wind as it is swept up and accelerated by the shock are the dominant component accelerated by the CME-driven shock. We suggest that the dominant component for both the plasma and SEP populations appears to be expelled ''coronal'' plasma stored in the so-called sheath region (between the CME and the shock front), and that swept-up solar wind generally makes only a minor contribution to the SEPs. The only concurrent observation of SEP and solar wind charge states made to date (by instruments on board ISEE 3 in 1978 September) supports this view. We suggest that coordinated SEP and solar wind charge state observations should be given high priority by state-of-the-art instruments currently deployed on board the Solar Anomalous Magnetospheric Particle Explorer, Wind, and the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory. C1 USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Tylka, Allan/G-9592-2014 NR 41 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 471 IS 1 BP L65 EP L68 DI 10.1086/310324 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VP224 UT WOS:A1996VP22400017 ER PT J AU Bhatia, AK Doschek, GA AF Bhatia, AK Doschek, GA TI Atomic data and spectral line intensities for Fe XI SO ATOMIC DATA AND NUCLEAR DATA TABLES LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; EXCITATION AB Electron impact collision strengths and spontaneous radiative decay rates are calculated for Fe XI. The data pertain to the 48 levels of the configurations 3s(2)3p(4), 3s3p(5), 3s(2)3p(3)3d, and 3p(6). Collision strengths are calculated at three incident electron energies, 8.0, 16.0, and 24.0 Ry. Relative spectral line intensities are calculated for all astrophysically important transitions. These are obtained by computing the excitation rate coefficients, i.e., the collision strengths integrated over a Maxwellian electron distribution, and then solving the equations of detailed balance for the populations of the 48 energy levels, assuming a collisional excitation model and an electron temperature of 1.3 x 10(6) K. This temperature is typical for Fe XI when formed in equilibrium by collisional ionization and recombination. Using the excitation rate coefficients and the radiative decay rates, level populations are computed for several electron densities and are given in this paper. We also investigate the effects of proton excitation and solar radiative excitation on the level populations and line intensities. Finally, the calculated relative line intensities are compared with experimental solar intensities where available. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Bhatia, AK (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ASTRON & SOLAR PHYS LAB,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA. NR 24 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0092-640X J9 ATOM DATA NUCL DATA JI Atom. Data Nucl. Data Tables PD NOV PY 1996 VL 64 IS 2 BP 183 EP 222 DI 10.1006/adnd.1996.0021 PG 40 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA VZ367 UT WOS:A1996VZ36700002 ER PT J AU Young, FC Rose, DV AF Young, FC Rose, DV TI Radioactivities produced in commonly used materials by proton and deuteron beams up to 10 MeV SO ATOMIC DATA AND NUCLEAR DATA TABLES LA English DT Article ID EXCITATION-FUNCTIONS; NUCLEAR-REACTIONS; NATURAL NICKEL AB Proton- and deuteron-induced nuclear reactions which produce radioactivities are surveyed. Reactions with up to 10-MeV protons or deuterons on carbon, aluminum (#6061), titanium-alloy, stainless steel (#304), and brass targets are identified. For each target material, the nuclear reaction, associated radioactivity, half-life, and decay products are tabulated. Measured cross sections from the published literature are used to determine reaction yields for producing radioactivities. Proton- and deuteron-induced reactions which emit the following products are considered: neutrons, protons, deuterons, tritons, He-3, and alpha particles. For protons, thick-target yields are evaluated for (p, n) reactions on elements in these targets. For deuterons, thick-target yields are evaluated for (d, n), (d, p), and (d, alpha) reactions on elements for which cross sections are reported in the literature. Graphs of thick-target yield as a function of incident ion energy are presented for the more abundant elements in these targets. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. RP Young, FC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 80 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0092-640X J9 ATOM DATA NUCL DATA JI Atom. Data Nucl. Data Tables PD NOV PY 1996 VL 64 IS 2 BP 223 EP 251 DI 10.1006/adnd.1996.0022 PG 29 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA VZ367 UT WOS:A1996VZ36700003 ER PT J AU Lewis, SA AF Lewis, SA TI Removal of coomassie blue precipitates from polyacrylamide gels SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article RP Lewis, SA (reprint author), USN,MED RES UNIT 3,PSC 452,CODE 101F,FPO,AE 09835, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD NOV PY 1996 VL 21 IS 5 BP 820 EP 820 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA VR346 UT WOS:A1996VR34600013 PM 8922619 ER PT J AU Bluth, RT Durkee, PA Seinfeld, JH Flagan, RC Russell, LM Crowley, PA Finn, P AF Bluth, RT Durkee, PA Seinfeld, JH Flagan, RC Russell, LM Crowley, PA Finn, P TI Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely-Piloted Aircraft Studies (CIRPAS) SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB A remotely piloted aircraft research facility is described that will provide new capabilities for atmospheric and oceanographic measurements. The aircraft can fly up to 24 h over remote ocean regions, at low or high altitude, and in various other challenging mission scenarios. The aircraft will fly research missions at speeds of 40 ms(-1) and provide high spatial resolution measurements. Data will be transmitted in real time to a ground station for analysis and decision-making purposes. The facility will expand the opportunities for universities to participate in field measurement programs. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA. CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125. PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. DEPT ENERGY,GERMANTOWN,MD. RP Bluth, RT (reprint author), OFF NAVAL RES,800 N QUINCY ST,ARLINGTON,VA 22217, USA. NR 5 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 77 IS 11 BP 2691 EP 2699 DI 10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<2691:CFIRPA>2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VW729 UT WOS:A1996VW72900006 ER PT J AU Nero, RW Huster, ME AF Nero, RW Huster, ME TI Low-frequency acoustic imaging of Pacific salmon on the high seas SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ONCORHYNCHUS; SCATTERING; STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR; FISH AB Near-surface fish are visible in high-resolution acoustic images of the sea surface obtained from the Gulf of Alaska in late February 1992. Images were made using time domain beamforming of data taken using explosive sources and a horizontal-line-array (HLA) receiver. images are of high resolution to a range of 4 km. Targets in the images are determined to be Pacific salmon based on the historical absence of other large fish and a match of a peak in their scattering spectra near 500 Hz with predictions of swimbladder resonance. Scattering levels indicate that the salmon occur singly or in small groups of two to four individuals. Counts of 114 salmon/km(2) are comparable with historical estimates of 160 salmon/km(2). Salmon were seen in daytime images, but at night, only a few weak targets were observed. At night the salmon are hypothesized to have migrated very close to the sea surface where they became acoustic dipoles and were acoustically invisible to the HLA. The spatial arrangement of salmon in the images suggests that at small spatial scales (2-200 m), they are uniformly distributed whereas at larger spatial scales (400-2000 m), they are aggregated. C1 AETC INC,SAN DIEGO,CA 92122. RP Nero, RW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 38 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 53 IS 11 BP 2513 EP 2523 DI 10.1139/cjfas-53-11-2513 PG 11 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA WK898 UT WOS:A1996WK89800012 ER PT J AU Markowitz, MA Singh, A AF Markowitz, MA Singh, A TI Microstructure formation properties of 1,2-bis(15-thia-pentacosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-3-phosphocholine: An acyl chain modified diacetylenic phospholipid SO CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS OF LIPIDS LA English DT Article DE tubule; gel; ribbons; diacetylene; phospholipid; microstructure ID LIPID TUBULES; MEMBRANES; BILAYERS; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINES; BEHAVIOR AB An acyl chain modified diacetylenic phospholipid containing a sulfur beta to the diacetylene, 1,2-bis(15-thia-pentacosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-3-phosphocholine, was synthesized. Comparisons of the UV spectra of the lipid, the diacetylenic carboxylic acid precursor, and the unmodified diacetylenic lipid 1,2-bis(tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-3-phosphocholine reveal that the sulfur acts as an auxochrome resulting in bathochromic shifts and higher intensities for the absorption peaks. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to determine the acyl chain melting transition temperatures of 1,2-bis(15-thia-pentacosa-10:12-diynoyl)-sn-3-phosphocholine in water (31.2 degrees C) and 70:30 ethanol:water mixture (28.7 degrees C) and revealed that the lipid packed more homogeneously in the ethanol:water mixture. Subsequent dispersal of the lipid in water produced ribbons with diameters ranging from 0.01-0.1 mu m while dispersal in 70:30 ethanol:water leads to formation of tubules with diameters ranging from 0.6-0.8 mu m. A gel comprised of interwoven ribbons was formed from an equimolar mixture of the lipid and 1,2-bis(nonoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DNPC) in 0.1 M aqueous NaCl. C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,LAB MOL INTERFACIAL INTERACT,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0009-3084 J9 CHEM PHYS LIPIDS JI Chem. Phys. Lipids PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 84 IS 1 BP 65 EP 74 DI 10.1016/S0009-3084(96)02623-0 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA VV090 UT WOS:A1996VV09000007 ER PT J AU Merrill, LL Hervig, LK Milner, JS AF Merrill, LL Hervig, LK Milner, JS TI Childhood parenting experiences, intimate partner conflict resolution, and adult risk for child physical abuse SO CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT LA English DT Article DE child abuse risk; childhood abuse; intimate partner violence ID ALCOHOLISM SCREENING-TEST; POTENTIAL INVENTORY; DATING VIOLENCE; SOCIAL SUPPORT; AGGRESSION; COURTSHIP; TACTICS; MALTREATMENT; PREDICTION; PATTERNS AB This study investigated the relationships between conflict resolution tactics experienced during childhood, intimate partner conflict resolution tactics, alcohol problems, and adult child physical abuse risk. Participants were 1,544 Navy recruit trainees who volunteered to complete measures of parenting practices and spousal physical violence experienced during their childhood, the conflict resolution techniques used in their intimate relationships, their personal history of alcohol problems, and child physical abuse potential. Regression analyses indicated that the receipt of intimate partner physical violence accounted for the most variance in predicting who would inflict physical violence against an intimate partner; and the infliction of intimate partner physical violence accounted for the most variance in predicting who would receive physical violence from an intimate partner. Other analyses indicated that among the parent and intimate partner physically violent events, parent-child violence experienced during childhood accounted for the most variance in explaining child abuse risk in females and males, with the infliction of intimate partner violence adding only to the prediction of child abuse risk in females. Analyses also revealed that after the effects of violent experiences were removed, alcohol problems contributed significantly, albeit very modestly, to the prediction of who expressed intimate partner physical violence for males and females, who was physically injured by an intimate partner (in the case of male injury), and who was at risk of child physical abuse for males and females. C1 USN,HLTH RES CTR,DEPT HUMAN PERFORMANCE,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186. NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DEPT PSYCHOL,DE KALB,IL. RP Merrill, LL (reprint author), USN,HLTH RES CTR,MED INFORMAT SYST & OPERAT RES DEPT,POB 85122,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. NR 60 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0145-2134 J9 CHILD ABUSE NEGLECT JI Child Abuse Negl. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 20 IS 11 BP 1049 EP 1065 DI 10.1016/0145-2134(96)00094-4 PG 17 WC Family Studies; Psychology, Social; Social Work SC Family Studies; Psychology; Social Work GA VQ740 UT WOS:A1996VQ74000005 PM 8958455 ER PT J AU Rice, BE Lamichhane, C Joseph, SW Rollins, DM AF Rice, BE Lamichhane, C Joseph, SW Rollins, DM TI Development of a rapid and specific colony-lift immunoassay for detection and enumeration of Campylobacter jejuni, C-coli, and C-lari SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEINS; IDENTIFICATION; PURIFICATION; INFECTIONS; ENTERITIS; EPITOPES; FLAGELLA; ANTIGEN; CHICKEN; POULTRY AB Contamination of retail poultry by Campylobacter spp, is a significant source of human diarrheal disease, We have developed a colony-lift immunoassay (CLI) for the detection of Campylobacter jejuni, C. call, and C. lari isolated from such sources and grown on selective agar medium or on filter membranes. This technique has been successfully utilized to quantify Campylobacter colonies within 18 to 28 h after sampling, Hydrophobic, high-protein-binding membranes were prewet with methanol and used to imprint bacterial cells from the agar or filter membrane, while leaving colonies intact and viable, The membranes were air dried, peroxidase neutralized, blocked with bovine serum albumin in phosphate-buffered saline, and hybridized for 5 min with an affinity-purified, horseradish peroxidase-labeled goat anti-Campylobacter antibody preparation (Kirkegaard and Ferry Laboratories), The membranes were washed briefly, exposed to a 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine membrane substrate, rinsed in deionized water, and allowed to dry, Lifted colonies of Campylobacter were identified by a blue color reaction on the membrane, Replicas of the membranes were made by marking the location of the Campylobacter colonies on clear transparencies, which were subsequently utilized to locate the original colony on the filter membrane or agar plate, The specificity of this antibody preparation has been evaluated against a wide range of Campylobacter spp., including American Type Culture Collection type and reference strains, retail poultry isolates, and isolates obtained from cloacal swabs of live commercial broiler chickens, Specificity against numerous non-Campylobacter spp. obtained from the same sources was also evaluated. The CLI provided a rapid and simple means for detection and enumeration of enteropathogenic Campylobacter organisms, We have successfully combined this CLI procedure with methods recently developed in our laboratories for retail meat and poultry sampling, Potentially, broader applications for use of this technique include detection and enumeration of campylobacters from clinical, veterinary, and environmental samples. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MICROBIOL,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. KIRKEGAARD & PERRY LABS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20879. RP Rice, BE (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,ENTER DIS PROGRAM,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 39 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 3 IS 6 BP 669 EP 677 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VQ351 UT WOS:A1996VQ35100009 PM 8914757 ER PT J AU Smith, KL Wilson, M Hightower, AW Kelley, PW Struewing, JP Juranek, DD McAuley, JB AF Smith, KL Wilson, M Hightower, AW Kelley, PW Struewing, JP Juranek, DD McAuley, JB TI Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in US Military recruits in 1989: Comparison with data published in 1965 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; PREGNANT-WOMEN C1 STANFORD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,DIV PARASIT DIS,ATLANTA,GA. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV PREVENT MED,ADV PREVENT MED STUDIES BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC. USN,ENVIRONM & PREVENT MED UNIT 5,SAN DIEGO,CA. RI Struewing, Jeffery/C-3221-2008; Struewing, Jeffery/I-7502-2013 OI Struewing, Jeffery/0000-0002-4848-3334 NR 10 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 23 IS 5 BP 1182 EP 1183 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VQ906 UT WOS:A1996VQ90600046 PM 8922828 ER PT J AU Lewis, T AF Lewis, T TI Netstorms: The crash of '96 SO COMPUTER LA English DT Article RP Lewis, T (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD NOV PY 1996 VL 29 IS 11 BP 12 EP & DI 10.1109/2.485889 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA VT315 UT WOS:A1996VT31500009 ER PT J AU Dyka, CT Ingel, RP Flippen, LD AF Dyka, CT Ingel, RP Flippen, LD TI A new approach to dynamic condensation for FEM SO COMPUTERS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID MODEL-REDUCTION; HOMOGENIZATION AB A new dynamic condensation model reduction (CMR) theory is implemented into a linear finite element environment, and applied to transient two-dimensional elasticity problems. This approach, which utilizes projection operators, avoids both the periodic media and global boundary layer restrictions which limit popular methods of homogenization/smoothing. This method is a general purpose approach that is applicable to heterogeneous media and allows dynamic degree of freedom (d.o.f.) reduction in a straight- forward fashion without the introduction of additional approximations. The CMR algorithm is directly applicable to general second-order (in time) linear differential equations and has been coupled with both explicit and implicit FEM solvers in this work. The CMR method contains Guyan reduction as a special case. Numerical results and direct comparisons to Guyan reduction for two-dimensional wave propagation problems are made. In addition, the results indicate a relaxation of the Courant stability limit for explicit analysis, allowing larger time steps in the reduced models. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Dyka, CT (reprint author), GEOCENTERS INC,10903 INDIAN HEAD HIGHWAY,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20744, USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-7949 J9 COMPUT STRUCT JI Comput. Struct. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 61 IS 4 BP 763 EP 773 DI 10.1016/0045-7949(96)00017-X PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA VJ669 UT WOS:A1996VJ66900016 ER PT J AU Sinkovits, RS DeVore, CR Shamamian, VA AF Sinkovits, RS DeVore, CR Shamamian, VA TI Kinetic effects in the chemistry of diamond CVD source gases and implications for diamond growth SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE diamond; CVD; chemical kinetics ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ACETYLENE; PLASMA; MECHANISM; HYDROGEN; SURFACE; FLAMES AB Perfectly stirred reactor calculations have been carried out on six different gas mixtures containing ethanol, water, methane, acetylene, oxygen and hydrogen at conditions typical of low-pressure (about I Torr) diamond chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactors, For reactors: operating under conditions in which the flow or diffusive Lime-scales are short compared with the chemical time-scales, the selection of viable source gas mixtures for diamond growth based solely on the overall C-H-O stoichiometry becomes impossible and kinetic effects must be taken into account. Numerical results are presented which show the dependence of the maximum theoretical diamond deposition rate and diamond quality as a function of mass Bow rate. RP USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI DeVore, C/A-6067-2015 OI DeVore, C/0000-0002-4668-591X NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 EI 1879-0062 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 5 IS 11 BP 1344 EP 1354 DI 10.1016/0925-9635(96)00558-4 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VH528 UT WOS:A1996VH52800018 ER PT J AU Wu, C Chen, LG Sun, FR AF Wu, C Chen, LG Sun, FR TI Performance analysis of solar three-heat-reservoir cooling systems SO ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE solar; three-heat-reservoir; COP ID OPERATING TEMPERATURES; OPTIMUM POWER; CONCENTRATORS; REFRIGERATOR AB The optimum performance of a solar three-heat-reservoir cooling system, which consists of a solar collector and a three-heat-reservoir cooler, was studied. The analysis is based on the linear (conventional and/or conductive) and radiative heat transfer models of solar collectors and the general optimum characteristics of endoreversible three-heat-reservoir coolers with Newton's and linear phenomenological heat transfer laws between the working fluid and the reservoirs of the coolers. The overall coefficient of performance (COP) of the system is adopted as the objective function of the performance analysis. The optimum operating temperatures of the collectors at the system maximum possible COP or at the system maximum possible cooling load are carried out. The results provide the basis for designing a real solar three-heat-reservoir cooling system. (C) 1996 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Wu, C (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT MECH ENGN,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0196-8904 J9 ENERG CONVERS MANAGE JI Energy Conv. Manag. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 37 IS 11 BP 1671 EP 1676 DI 10.1016/0196-8904(96)00014-3 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics GA UN419 UT WOS:A1996UN41900009 ER PT J AU Hughes, JM Hardy, DR Beal, EJ AF Hughes, JM Hardy, DR Beal, EJ TI A flash point value for n-dodecane based on the manual Pensky-Martens closed cup method (ASTM D-93) SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. GEOCENTERS INC,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20744. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 10 IS 6 BP 1276 EP 1277 DI 10.1021/ef960002y PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA VV056 UT WOS:A1996VV05600023 ER PT J AU Apitz, SE MeyersSchulte, KJ AF Apitz, SE MeyersSchulte, KJ TI Effects of substrate mineralogy on the biodegradability of fuel components SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE biodegradability; mineralogical effects; n-alkanes; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; MICROBIAL TRANSFORMATION; ADSORPTION DESORPTION; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; SOIL; WATER; OIL; BIOREMEDIATION; CONTAMINANTS AB Experiments were carried out to determine the effects of mineralogy on the biodegradability of components of a whole fuel by a soil microbial consortium. Samples of quartz sand (Fischer Sea Sand) and illite clay (API 35) were spiked with marine diesel fuel, aged, slurried, and inoculated, and concentrations of fuel components were monitored over time. To help distinguish biotic from abiotic processes, identical samples were poisoned with mercuric chloride and were run in parallel. While there was chromatographic and biomarker evidence of n-alkane biodegradation in the sand samples, illite samples showed no evidence of biogenic loss of aliphatic components. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, on the other hand, were lost equivalently on both minerals and in both cases were lost to a much greater extent than were total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs). These results suggest that under our experimental conditions, illite inhibited the bioavailability of some TPH components to the soil microbial consortium. C1 COMP SCI CORP, SAN DIEGO, CA 92110 USA. RP Apitz, SE (reprint author), USN COMMAND, CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR, RES DEV TESTING & EVALUAT DIV 361, REMEDIAT RES LAB, SAN DIEGO, CA 92152 USA. NR 67 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 15 IS 11 BP 1883 EP 1893 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1996)015<1883:EOSMOT>2.3.CO;2 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA VR118 UT WOS:A1996VR11800005 ER PT J AU LaRussa, VF Kessler, SW Henson, VA Cutting, M Polsinelli, T Knight, RD Wright, DG AF LaRussa, VF Kessler, SW Henson, VA Cutting, M Polsinelli, T Knight, RD Wright, DG TI Efficiency of human HLA-mismatched CD34(+) cells from unrelated donors in establishing in vitro hematopoiesis in allogeneic long-term marrow cultures SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CD34(+) cells; stromal cells; MHC restriction ID HUMAN-BONE-MARROW; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; COLONY-FORMING CELLS; CLASS-II ANTIGENS; PROGENITOR CELLS; STEM-CELLS; T-CELLS; STROMAL CELLS; PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION; INVITRO HEMATOPOIESIS AB We have examined the capacity of highly purified human CD34(+) marrow cell isolates from unrelated, HLA-mismatched donors to establish in vitro hematopoiesis on recipient marrow stromal cells in 2-stage hematopoietic long-term marrow cultures (H-LTMC). HLA-typing of both peripheral blood mononuclear cells and CD34(+) marrow cells was performed for both HLA class T and KLA class II antigens for eight healthy individuals. Significant antigenic mismatches for these molecules ranged from three to six antigens for each recipient-donor pair. Comparison of MHC antigen expression by peripheral blood cells and CD34(+) marrow cell isolates confirmed the presence of identical HLA-A, -B, and -C, and -DR specificities on the surface of these cells. Typing of -DQ specificities, however, was not consistently reactive on CD34(+) cells. The greater than or equal to 20% plating efficiency of purified CD34(+) cells for BFU-E, CFU-GM, and CFU-MIX allowed us to use inoculum doses of 10(3), 10(4), and 10(5) cells to determine the efficiency of allogeneic CD34(+) cells in achieving in vitro engraftment and the establishment of hematopoiesis in H-LTMC. Engraftment of adherent BFU-E, CFU-GM, and CFU-MIX was equally efficient for autologous and allogeneic CD34(+) cells. In vitro hematopoiesis reflected by the cumulative recoveries of progenitor cells over time was also equivalent for allogeneic and autologous CD34(+) cells. These results demonstrate that highly purified, HLA-mismatched CD34(+) marrow cells proliferate and establish in vitro hematopoiesis as efficiently as autologous cells in marrow derived stromal cell cultures and confirm that interactions between stromal cells and highly purified CD34(+), DR(-), and CD34(+), DR(+) marrow cell isolates are not MHC-restricted. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV MED,DEPT HEMATOL & VASC BIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20084. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,ORGAN TRANSPLANTAT SERV,SUMMIT,NJ. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV COMMUNICABLE DIS & IMMUNOL,DEPT BACTERIAL DIS,SUMMIT,NJ. CIBA GEIGY CORP,CLIN RES,SUMMIT,NJ. BOSTON UNIV,SCH MED,SECT HEMATOL & ONCOL,BOSTON,MA 02118. NR 62 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 24 IS 13 BP 1475 EP 1483 PG 9 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA VW260 UT WOS:A1996VW26000004 PM 8950230 ER PT J AU Broadwell, RD BakerCairns, BJ Friden, PM Oliver, C Villegas, JC AF Broadwell, RD BakerCairns, BJ Friden, PM Oliver, C Villegas, JC TI Transcytosis of protein through the mammalian cerebral epithelium and endothelium .3. Receptor-mediated transcytosis through the blood-brain barrier of blood-borne transferrin and antibody against the transferrin receptor SO EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; WHEAT-GERM-AGGLUTININ; CNS TISSUE POSSESS; HORSERADISH-PEROXIDASE; DRUG-DELIVERY; RAT-BRAIN; TRANSPORT; ENDOCYTOSIS; CELLS; IRON AB Diferric-transferrin (Tf; 80K mel. wt.) and the OX26 antibody (150K mel. wt.) against the transferrin receptor (TfR) were evaluated in the rat at light and ultrastructural levels as potential vehicles for the blood to brain transcellular transfer (transcytosis) of native horseradish peroxidase (40K mel. wt.), which by itself does not cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). OX26, the Fab fragment of OX26 (50K mel. wt.), and Tf complexed to two ferric ions were conjugated to HRP irreversibly in a 1:1 molar ratio. The indirect immunoperoxidase technique with OX26 as the monoclonal primary antibody applied to the surface of cryostat sections or delivered intravenously to the live rat revealed TfRs on BBB capillaries, arterioles, and venules; TfRs were absent on non-BBB vessels supplying the circumventricular organs (i.e., median eminence, choroid plexus). OX26-HRP and OX26(Fab)-HRP delivered intravenously and diferric-Tf-HRP administered into the carotid artery labeled BBB vessels throughout the CNS without discernible disruption of the BBB or extravasation of the blood-borne probes into the brain parenchyma, No reaction product for the probes was observed in sites deficient in a BBB. Each of the macromolecular conjugates was endocytosed by BBB endothelia and labeled presumptive endocytic vesicles, endosomes, and dense bodies. OX26-HRP and Tf-HRP, but not OX26(Fab)-HRP, appeared to undergo transcytosis through BBB endothelia for subsequent labeling of perivascular cells. Distinct differences in the intracellular and extracellular distributions between OX26-HRP and Tf-HRP were identified: (1) endocytosis and sequestration of blood-borne OX26-HRP within BBB endothelia were more prominent than those for diferric-Tf-HRP; (2) only OX26-HRP labeled the Gels complex in BBB endothelia; (3) peroxidase labeling of CNS perivascular clefts and perivascular cells in rats receiving diferric-Tf-HRP was conspicuous at less than 1 h postinjection but not so in rats with blood-borne OX26-HRP at 5 min through 6 h postinjection; and (4) peroxidase-labeled CNS neurons and glial cells were identified readily in rats receiving diferric-Tf-HRP. The results suggest that the receptor-mediated, transendothelial transfer of Tf-HRP from blood to brain is more efficient and direct than that of OX26-HRP. Labeling of the Gels complex in BBB endothelia with blood-borne OX26-HRP implies that the transendothelial transfer of OX26-HRP follows intraendothelial pathways associated with the process of adsorptive transcytosis. A diagram is provided depicting the possible intracellular and transcellular pathways within BBB endothelia available to blood-borne diferric-Tf and OX26 as vectors for delivery into the CNS of non-lipid-soluble macromolecules that otherwise are denied entry by the blood-brain fluid barriers. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 GENENTECH INC, S SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94080 USA. ALKERMES INC, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. OFF NAVAL RES, ARLINGTON, VA 22217 USA. UNIV CANTABRIA, DEPT CELL BIOL, E-39005 SANTANDER, SPAIN. RP US DEPT HHS, OFF RES INTEGR, SUITE 700, 5515 SECUR LANE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852 USA. FU FIC NIH HHS [F05 TW042]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS18030] NR 54 TC 87 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4886 EI 1090-2430 J9 EXP NEUROL JI Exp. Neurol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 142 IS 1 BP 47 EP 65 DI 10.1006/exnr.1996.0178 PG 19 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VT664 UT WOS:A1996VT66400006 PM 8912898 ER PT J AU Butler, JT Sasao, T AF Butler, JT Sasao, T TI Average number of nodes in binary decision diagrams of Fibonacci functions SO FIBONACCI QUARTERLY LA English DT Article C1 USN, POSTGRAD SCH, DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN, MONTEREY, CA 94943 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FIBONACCI ASSOC PI AURORA PA C/O PATTY SOLSAA, PO BOX 320, AURORA, SD 57002-0320 USA SN 0015-0517 J9 FIBONACCI QUART JI Fibonacci Q. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 34 IS 5 BP 413 EP 422 PG 10 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA VR394 UT WOS:A1996VR39400004 ER PT J AU Haber, I Callahan, DA Friedman, A Grote, DP Langdon, AB AF Haber, I Callahan, DA Friedman, A Grote, DP Langdon, AB TI Transverse-longitudinal temperature equilibration in a long uniform beam SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Heavy Ion Inertial Fusion CY SEP 06-09, 1995 CL PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB, PRINCETON, NJ HO PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB AB Computer simulations are employed to examine the transfer of transverse thermal energy to the longitudinal direction via a collective electrostatic instability which is driven by an initial temperature anisotropy. The nature of the instability is illustrated using electrostatic particle-in-cell simulations in an axisymmetric geometry, but with three components of the velocity. Results are presented for a long coasting space-charge-dominated beam, propagating in a uniform focused channel to illustrate the development of a coherent mode structure with an axial wavelength comparable with the beam diameter, and growth times comparable with the betatron period. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RP Haber, I (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, DIV PLASMA PHYS, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 32-33 BP 169 EP 174 DI 10.1016/S0920-3796(96)00465-6 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC005 UT WOS:A1996WC00500024 ER PT J AU Grote, DP Friedman, A Haber, I Yu, S AF Grote, DP Friedman, A Haber, I Yu, S TI Three-dimensional simulations of high current beams in induction accelerators with WARP3d SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Heavy Ion Inertial Fusion CY SEP 06-09, 1995 CL PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB, PRINCETON, NJ HO PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB AB For many issues relevant to acceleration and propagation of heavy ion beams for inertial confinement fusion, understanding the behavior of the beam requires the self-consistent inclusion of the self-fields of the beams in multiple dimensions. For these reasons, the three-dimensional simulation code WARP3d was developed. The code combines the In this paper the general structure of the code is reviewed and details of two ongoing applications are presented along with a discussion of simulation techniques used. The most important results of this work are presented. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA USA. RP Grote, DP (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 11 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 32-33 BP 193 EP 200 DI 10.1016/S0920-3796(96)00469-3 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA WC005 UT WOS:A1996WC00500028 ER PT J AU Randall, CE Rusch, DW Olivero, JJ Bevilacqua, RM Poole, LR Lumpe, JD Fromm, MD Hoppel, KW Hornstein, JS Shettle, EP AF Randall, CE Rusch, DW Olivero, JJ Bevilacqua, RM Poole, LR Lumpe, JD Fromm, MD Hoppel, KW Hornstein, JS Shettle, EP TI An overview of POAM II aerosol measurements at 1.06 mu m SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STRATOSPHERIC AEROSOL; OZONE AB We present aerosol measurements by the Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement (POAM) II instrument, from November 1993 through February 1996. Aerosol extinction profiles are in good agreement with coincident SAGE II measurements from 15 to 24 km. Extinction is continuing to decline since the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo. Seasonal variation in extinction in both hemispheres is examined on constant ground-referenced and tropopause-referenced altitude surfaces. Aerosol extinction peaks in the winter in the north outside the vortex. This also appears to occur in the south, but cannot be followed throughout the winter since FOAM II measurements occur entirely inside the vortex at this time. A summer maximum at 19 km and above in the south is observed when the extinction ratio outside the vortex is plotted at a constant tropopause-referenced altitude. This is not true for the north. We conclude that in late spring in the south FOAM II is sampling low extinction, vortex-processed air, or that an unidentified mechanism operates in the south, but not in the north. Signatures of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) are prevalent in the southern hemisphere data. PSCs are also observed in the northern hemisphere, but much less frequently. Evidence of enhanced diabatic descent in the polar vortex in both hemispheres is observed at 500 and 600 K. At 400 K the distinction between extinction ratios inside and outside the vortex in early winter is not as clear as at higher altitudes. C1 EMBRY RIDDLE AERONAUT UNIV,DAYTONA BEACH,FL 32114. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,HAMPTON,VA 23681. CPI,FAIRFAX,VA 22031. RP Randall, CE (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,ATMOSPHER & SPACE PHYS LAB,CAMPUS BOX 392,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. RI Fromm, Michael/F-4639-2010; Randall, Cora/L-8760-2014 OI Randall, Cora/0000-0002-4313-4397 NR 13 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 22 BP 3195 EP 3198 DI 10.1029/96GL02921 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VQ924 UT WOS:A1996VQ92400032 ER PT J AU Rosenblum, L Durbin, J Obeysekare, U Sibert, L Tate, D Templeman, J Agrawal, J Fasulo, D Meyer, T Newton, G Shalev, A King, T AF Rosenblum, L Durbin, J Obeysekare, U Sibert, L Tate, D Templeman, J Agrawal, J Fasulo, D Meyer, T Newton, G Shalev, A King, T TI Shipboard VR: From damage control to design SO IEEE COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article RP Rosenblum, L (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0272-1716 J9 IEEE COMPUT GRAPH JI IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 16 IS 6 BP 10 EP 13 DI 10.1109/38.544067 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA VP677 UT WOS:A1996VP67700003 ER PT J AU Rosenblum, L Stansfield, S Zyda, M AF Rosenblum, L Stansfield, S Zyda, M TI On apples, oranges, and the interdisciplinary nature of VR SO IEEE COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,TECH STAFF,VIRTUAL REAL INTELLIGENT SIMULAT LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT COMP SCI,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP Rosenblum, L (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,VIRTUAL REAL SYST & RES,DIV INFORMAT TECHNOL,ADV INFORMAT TECHNOL BRANCH,CODE 5580,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0272-1716 J9 IEEE COMPUT GRAPH JI IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 16 IS 6 BP 20 EP 22 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA VP677 UT WOS:A1996VP67700005 ER PT J AU Berkoff, TA Kersey, AD AF Berkoff, TA Kersey, AD TI Fiber Bragg grating array sensor system using a bandpass wavelength division multiplexer and interferometric detection SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STRAIN-SENSOR; SCHEME AB A multiplexing approach for high-resolution sensing with Bragg gratings is described. The scheme uses a bandpass wavelength division multiplexer to separate the returned wavelengths from an array of gratings, and interferometric processing to attain high-strain resolution. A strain resolution of 1.5 nanostrain/root Hz is demonstrated, with a sensor bandwidth of 10 Hz-2 kHz for four sensors. C1 USN,RES LAB,FIBER OPT SMART STRUCT SECT,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Berkoff, TA (reprint author), SFA INC,1401 MCCORMICK DR,LANDOVER,MD 20785, USA. NR 6 TC 45 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 8 IS 11 BP 1522 EP 1524 DI 10.1109/68.541570 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA VP086 UT WOS:A1996VP08600034 ER PT J AU Krska, JHY Yoon, JU Nee, JT Roitman, P Campisi, GJ Brown, GA Chung, JE AF Krska, JHY Yoon, JU Nee, JT Roitman, P Campisi, GJ Brown, GA Chung, JE TI A model for SIMOX buried-oxide high-field conduction SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article ID LOW-ENERGY; OXYGEN IMPLANTATION; DEFECT DENSITY; SILICON; TEMPERATURE; MECHANISM; GENERATION; FILMS AB A new model for SIMOX buried-oxide (BOX) high-field conduction which incorporates the role of silicon islands and BOX nonstoichiometry is presented, For single-implant SIMOX BOX high-field conduction, the onset E-field for both positive and negative applied bias is much lower than the expected onset E-field for that of thermal oxide, In addition, the onset E-field for injection from the substrate is lower than for injection from the top-silicon. We propose that conduction by electron injection from the top interface is due to Fowler-Nordheim tunneling with oxide-nonstoichiometry-induced modification of the effective barrier-height, Conduction by electron injection from the bottom interface is due to a two-step Fowler-Nordheim tunneling mechanism with cathode E-field enhancement caused by the presence of silicon islands located near the oxide-substrate interface of single-implant SIMOX. These mechanisms were verified using numerical simulation, electrical, and physical measurements, A modified Fowler-Nordheim equation can be used to model BOX conduction through the addition of three parameters, K-e, k(a), and phi(BOX). The E-field enhancement factors (k(c) - and k(a)) can be directly correlated to silicon island shape, location and density, while the effective barrier-height (phi(BOX)) can be correlated to BOX nonstoichiometry, Monitoring these parameters has potential use as a simple method for SIMOX BOX quality control. C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC,DALLAS,TX 75265. RP Krska, JHY (reprint author), MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD NOV PY 1996 VL 43 IS 11 BP 1956 EP 1964 DI 10.1109/16.543033 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA VR356 UT WOS:A1996VR35600027 ER PT J AU Wackerman, CC Rufenach, CL Shuchman, RA Johannessen, JA Davidson, KL AF Wackerman, CC Rufenach, CL Shuchman, RA Johannessen, JA Davidson, KL TI Vector retrieval using ERS-1 synthetic aperture radar imagery SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER; ROLL VORTICES; OCEAN AB An automated algorithm intended for operational use is developed and tested for estimating wind speed and direction using ERS-1 SAR imagery, The wind direction comes from the orientation of low frequency, linear signatures in the SAR imagery that we believe are manifestations of roll vortices within the planetary boundary layer, The wind direction thus has inherently a 180 degrees ambiguity since only a single SAR image is used, Wind speed is estimated by using a new algorithm that utilizes both the estimated wind direction and sigma(o) values to invert radar cross section models, We show that: 1) on average the direction of the roll vortices signatures is approximately 11 degrees to the right of the surface wind direction and can be used to estimate the surface wind direction to within +/-19 degrees and 2) utilizing these estimated wind directions from the SAR imagery subsequently improves wind speed estimation, generating errors of approximately +/-1,2 m/s, for ERS-1 SAR data collected during the Norwegian Continental Shelf Experiment in 1991. C1 EUROPEAN SPACE TECHNOL CTR, EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY, DIV EARTH SCI, OCEAN SEA ICE UNIT, NL-2200 AG NOORDWIJK, NETHERLANDS. USN, POSTGRAD SCH, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. RP ENVIRONM RES INST MICHIGAN, CTR EARTH SCI, ANN ARBOR, MI 48113 USA. NR 27 TC 88 Z9 91 U1 2 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 EI 1558-0644 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD NOV PY 1996 VL 34 IS 6 BP 1343 EP 1352 DI 10.1109/36.544558 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA VW814 UT WOS:A1996VW81400006 ER PT J AU Lawless, PA Yamamoto, T Shofran, SP Boss, CB Nunez, CM Ramsey, GH Engels, RL AF Lawless, PA Yamamoto, T Shofran, SP Boss, CB Nunez, CM Ramsey, GH Engels, RL TI Characteristics of a fast rise time power supply for a pulsed plasma reactor for chemical vapor destruction SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Industry-Applications-Society 28th Annual Meeting CY OCT 02-08, 1993 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP IEEE, Ind Applicat Soc DE corona discharge; gas cleaning; nanosecond rise time; power supply; pulsed plasma; rotating spark gap; VOC destruction AB Rotating spark gap devices for switching high-voltage direct current (dc) into a corona plasma reactor can achieve pulse rise times in the range of tens of nanoseconds, The fast rise times lead to vigorous plasma generation without sparking at instantaneous applied voltages higher than can be obtained with de. The resulting energetic plasma is effective for destroying a variety of molecules, The spark gap circuit configuration plays an important role in the effectiveness of the plasma generation, A single-gap circuit is effective for generating moderate peak voltages, but is limited by a multiple sparking phenomenon, A double-gap circuit can achieve equal peak voltages with every spark, but with a reduced number of pulses, compared to the single gap. Both configurations have an upper voltage imposed by the changing impedance of the reactor as voltage and frequency are varied, The pulse characteristics are reported for both types of circuits, The general performance of the reactors for destruction of some compounds with both circuits is also reported. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,RALEIGH,NC 27603. US EPA,AIR & ENERGY ENGN RES LAB,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DEPT NAVY,DAHLGREN,VA 22448. RP Lawless, PA (reprint author), RES TRIANGLE INST,POB 12194,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709, USA. RI Engels, Rutger/A-5984-2010 NR 5 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-9994 J9 IEEE T IND APPL JI IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 32 IS 6 BP 1257 EP 1265 DI 10.1109/28.556627 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA WC669 UT WOS:A1996WC66900003 ER PT J AU June, CH Blair, PJ Riley, J Carroll, R StLouis, DC Levine, BL AF June, CH Blair, PJ Riley, J Carroll, R StLouis, DC Levine, BL TI CD28 coreceptor signal transduction in T cell activation. SO IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RI Levine, Bruce/D-1688-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0019-2805 J9 IMMUNOLOGY JI Immunology PD NOV PY 1996 VL 89 SU 1 BP SAA81 EP SAA81 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA VT999 UT WOS:A1996VT99900081 ER PT J AU Wang, RB Charoenvit, Y Daly, TM Long, CA Corradin, G Hoffman, SL AF Wang, RB Charoenvit, Y Daly, TM Long, CA Corradin, G Hoffman, SL TI Protective efficacy against malaria of a combination sporozoite and erythrocytic stage vaccine SO IMMUNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE circumsporozoite protein; merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1); multiple antigen peptide; Plasmodium yoelii; synthetic peptide vaccine ID MEROZOITE SURFACE-ANTIGEN; CARBOXYL-TERMINAL FRAGMENT; PLASMODIUM-YOELII; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; FALCIPARUM; IMMUNIZATION; PARASITE; MICE; GENE AB Most malariologists believe that optimal malaria vaccines will induce protective immune responses against different stages of the parasite's life cycle. A multiple antigen peptide (MAP) vaccine based on the Plasmodium yoelii circumsporozoite protein (PyCSP) protects mice against sporozoite challenge by inducing antibodies that prevent sporozoites from invading hepatocytes. A purified recombinant protein vaccine based on the P. yoelii merozoite surface protein-1 (PyMSP-1) protects mice against challenge with infected erythrocytes, presumably by inducing antibodies against the erythrocytic stage of the parasite. We now report studies designed to determine if the PyMSP-1 vaccine protects against challenge with sporozoites, the stage encountered in the field, and if immunization with a combination of the PyCSP and PyMSP-1 vaccines provides additive or synergistic protection against sporozoite challenge. In two experiments, using TiterMax(R) or Ribi R-700 as adjuvant, 3 of 19 mice immunized with the PyMSP-1 vaccine were completely protected against sporozoite challenge. The remaining mice had significantly delayed onset and lower levels of peak parasitemia than did control mice (11.1 +/- 2.8% vs. 36.7 +/- 1.6% in experiment #2, P < 0.01). Immunization with the combination vaccine reduced by approximately 50% the level of antibodies induced to PyCSP and PyMSP-1, as compared to that induced by the individual components. However, in two experiments, there was evidence of additive protection. Six of 19 (31.6%) immunized with the PyCSP vaccine, 3 of 19 (15.8%) immunized with the PyMSP-1 vaccine, and 10 of 19 (52.6%) immunized with the combination were completely protected against sporozoite challenge. This modest increase in protection in the combination group may be a reflection of additive anti-PyCSP and anti-PyMSP-1 immunity, since mice in the combination group had diminished levels of antibodies to each components. These studies indicate that considerable work may be required to optimize the construction, delivery, and assessment of multi-stage malaria vaccines. C1 USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19102. UNIV LAUSANNE,INST BIOCHEM,CH-1066 EPALINGES,SWITZERLAND. NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2478 J9 IMMUNOL LETT JI Immunol. Lett. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2-3 BP 83 EP 93 DI 10.1016/S0165-2478(96)02610-7 PG 11 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA WF019 UT WOS:A1996WF01900004 PM 9024983 ER PT J AU Carr, TW Schwartz, IB AF Carr, TW Schwartz, IB TI Subharmonic-saddle connections as a precursor to chaos in a periodically modulated laser SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIFURCATION AND CHAOS LA English DT Article ID INJECTED SIGNAL; ATTRACTORS; BIFURCATIONS AB We investigate the onset of chaos in a model for a periodically-forced class-B laser. By periodically modulating the laser-cavity damping rate we consider a pair of coupled nonautonomous ordinary differential equations for the laser intensity and population inversion. As the excitation is increased, the system exhibits saddle-node bifurcations to subharmonic oscillations, period-doubling bifurcations, chaos, and crises. Our investigations focus on the role of a pair of unstable orbits in the onset of the first chaotic attractor. One orbit is a subharmonic saddle while the other is a period one saddle. Upon creation of the period one saddle due to a period doubling bifurcation, its stable manifold immediately forms transverse intersections with the unstable manifold of a coexisting subharmonic saddle forming a heteroclinic crossing. These heteroclinic intersections provide a mechanism for the formation of horseshoes and the development of a chaotic attractor. RP Carr, TW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,SPECIAL PROJECT NONLINEAR SCI,CODE 67003,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-1274 J9 INT J BIFURCAT CHAOS JI Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos PD NOV PY 1996 VL 6 IS 11 BP 2047 EP 2053 DI 10.1142/S0218127496001326 PG 7 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Mathematics; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA WH957 UT WOS:A1996WH95700006 ER PT J AU Brook, I Frazier, EH Yeager, JK AF Brook, I Frazier, EH Yeager, JK TI Microbiology of infected atopic dermatitis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ABSCESSES; CHILDREN; BACTERIA AB Background. Bacterial infections occur frequently in lesions of atopic dermatitis (AD). The objectives of the study were to establish the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of secondarily infected AD. Methods. A retrospective review was carried out of clinical and microbiology laboratory records and of data obtained from patients with secondarily infected an lesions, whose specimens of infected sites were processed for the presence of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Results. Bacterial growth was noted in 41 specimens. Aerobic or facultative anaerobic bacteria only were present in 15 patients (36%), anaerobic bacteria only in eight (20%), and mixed anaerobic-aerobic flora was present in 18 (44%). Seventy-two isolates were recovered (1.8 per specimen), 34 aerobic or facultative bacteria, 35 strict anaerobes, and three Candida sp, The predominant aerobic and facultative bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (12 isolates), Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus in five isolates, and Escherichia coli in four. The predominant anaerobes were Peptostreptococcus spp. (13 isolates), pigmented Prevotella and Porphyromonas spp, in eight, and Fusobacterium spp. in four isolates. Single bacterial isolates were recovered in 14 patients (34%), seven of which were S. aureus. Twenty-one of the organisms isolated from 16 patients (39%) produced the enzyme beta-lactamase. Organisms that resided in the mucous membranes close to the lesions predominated in these infections. Enteric gram-negative rods and Bacteroides fragilis group predominated in lesions on legs and buttocks. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, pigmented Prevotella, and Porphyromonas and Fusobacterium spp. were most frequently recovered in lesions of the finger, scalp, face, and neck. Conclusions. The polymicrobial etiology of secondarily infected AD lesions and the association of bacterial flora with the anatomic site of the lesions are demonstrated. C1 USN HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. USN HOSP,DEPT DERMATOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. USN HOSP,DEPT LAB MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 15 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON ON L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 35 IS 11 BP 791 EP 793 DI 10.1111/j.1365-4362.1996.tb02975.x PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA VQ937 UT WOS:A1996VQ93700007 PM 8915731 ER PT J AU Randel, JM Pugh, HL Reed, SK AF Randel, JM Pugh, HL Reed, SK TI Differences in expert and novice situation awareness in naturalistic decision making SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER STUDIES LA English DT Article ID KNOWLEDGE AB We studied situation awareness as the first part of a decision in a naturalistic setting involving a complex cognitive task. Three measures of situation awareness were used. Further we examined differences in decision making by expert and novice performers, including their use of rules and possible conflicts in using rules. Twenty-eight electronic warfare technicians from U.S. Navy ships were classified as novices, intermediates, or experts according to their performance on a scenario exercise. Results indicated that expertise included proficiency in the following skills: visually and verbally recalling radar emitters that appear on the screen, the ability to make correct decisions based on better situation awareness, and the ability to understand the conditions for applying rules in a consistent manner. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited C1 SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV, SAN DIEGO, CA USA. RP USN, CTR PERSONNEL RES & DEV, 53335 RYNE RD, SAN DIEGO, CA 92152 USA. NR 36 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1071-5819 EI 1095-9300 J9 INT J HUM-COMPUT ST JI Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 45 IS 5 BP 579 EP 597 DI 10.1006/ijhc.1996.0068 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering; Psychology GA VQ765 UT WOS:A1996VQ76500004 ER PT J AU Georgiou, IT Vakakis, AF AF Georgiou, IT Vakakis, AF TI An invariant manifold approach for studying waves in a one-dimensional array of non-linear oscillators SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NON-LINEAR MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID MICROSTRUCTURED LATTICE; MODE LOCALIZATION; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS; MOTION; CHAIN AB We consider a one-dimensional linear spring-mass array coupled to a one-dimensional array of uncoupled pendula. The principal aim of this study is to investigate the non-linear dynamics of this large-scale system in the limit of weak non-linearities, i.e. when the (fast) non-linear pendulum effects are small compared to the underlying (slow) linear dynamics of the linear spring-mass chain. We approach the dynamics in the context of invariant manifolds of motion. In particular, we prove the existence of an invariant manifold containing the (predominantly) slow dynamics of the system, with the fast pendulum dynamics providing small perturbations to the motions on the invariant manifold. By restricting the motion on the slow invariant manifold and performing asymptotic analysis we prove that the non-linear large-scale system possesses propagation and attenuation zones (PZs and AZs) in the frequency domain, similarly to the corresponding zones of the linearized system. Inside PZs non-linear travelling wave solutions exist, whereas in AZs only attenuating waves are permissible. Copyright (C) 1996 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MECH & IND ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801. RP Georgiou, IT (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,SPECIAL PROJECT NONLINEAR SCI,CODE 67003,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0020-7462 J9 INT J NONLINEAR MECH JI Int. J. Non-Linear Mech. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 31 IS 6 BP 871 EP 886 DI 10.1016/S0020-7462(96)00104-7 PG 16 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA WD724 UT WOS:A1996WD72400007 ER PT J AU Bankert, RLL Aha, DW AF Bankert, RLL Aha, DW TI Improvement to a neural network cloud classifier SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID AVHRR IMAGERY AB Examination of various feature selection algorithms has led to an improvement in the performance of a probabilistic neural network (PNN) cloud classifier. These algorithms reduce the number of network inputs by eliminating redundant and/or irrelevant features (spectral, textural, and physical measurements). One such algorithm, selecting 11 of the 204 total features, provides a 7% increase in PNN overall accuracy compared to an earlier version using 15 features. This algorithm employs the same search procedure as before, but a different evaluation function than used previously, which provides a similar bias to that of the PNN classifier. Noticeable accuracy improvements were also evident in individual cloud-type classes. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Bankert, RLL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,7 GRACE HOPPER AVE,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 3 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 35 IS 11 BP 2036 EP 2039 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1996)035<2036:ITANNC>2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VV053 UT WOS:A1996VV05300008 ER PT J AU Buss, CA AF Buss, CA TI Crises in US foreign policy: An international history reader - Hunt,MH SO JOURNAL OF ASIAN STUDIES LA English DT Book Review RP Buss, CA (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN ASIAN STUDIES INC PI ANN ARBOR PA UNIV MICH 1 LANE HALL, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 SN 0021-9118 J9 J ASIAN STUD JI J. Asian Stud. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 55 IS 4 BP 966 EP 967 DI 10.2307/2646536 PG 2 WC Area Studies; Asian Studies SC Area Studies; Asian Studies GA WM457 UT WOS:A1996WM45700013 ER PT J AU Cai, WJ Chu, PC AF Cai, WJ Chu, PC TI Ocean climate drift and interdecadal oscillation due to a change in thermal damping SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; MIXED BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA; HEAT-FLUX; VARIABILITY; DRIVEN; TEMPERATURE; STABILITY; SALINITY AB The authors investigate the effect of a change in the rate of thermal damping upon the climate of an ocean general circulation model. Initially, the thermal forcing condition is that proposed by Haney, that is, restoring the model surface temperature to a climatology. The restoring condition represents a strong damping. When a steady state is reached, the thermal damping is switched to a weaker one, but the atmosphere-ocean heat exchange is adjusted so that at the moment of the switch the heat flux is identical to that prior to the switch. It is found that interdecadal oscillations and climate drift occur as a result of the switch, regardless of the forcing condition for salinity. The cause for the variability and drift can be traced to the spinup. During the spinup, the surface climatology of the model ocean is forcefully ''nudged'' toward that of the climatology, regardless of whether or not the internal dynamics of the model ocean can maintain the climatology. This leads to intermittent convections in the spinup state. When the thermal damping becomes weaker, the system chooses a convective pattern (the location and intensity of the convection) more compatible with the internal dynamics. An implication of these results is that drift and variability in a coupled model may be caused by the mechanism. Effects of flux corrections in coupled models are discussed. C1 CSIRO, DIV ATMOSPHER RES, ASPENDALE, VIC 3195, AUSTRALIA. USN, POSTGRAD SCH, DEPT OCEANOG, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. RI Cai, Wenju/C-2864-2012 NR 51 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 9 IS 11 BP 2821 EP 2833 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<2821:OCDAIO>2.0.CO;2 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VX838 UT WOS:A1996VX83800011 ER PT J AU Shappell, SA Kearns, GL Valentine, JL Neri, DF DeJohn, CA AF Shappell, SA Kearns, GL Valentine, JL Neri, DF DeJohn, CA TI Chronopharmacokinetics and chronopharmacodynamics of dextromethamphetamine in man SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CIRCADIAN VARIATION; METHAMPHETAMINE; PHARMACOKINETICS; AMPHETAMINE; DISCRIMINATION; SCOPOLAMINE; PERFORMANCE; ETHANOL; MEMORY; HUMANS AB Stimulants, in particular the amphetamines, have been studied as countermeasures to fatigue induced by circadian desynchronosis and extended flight operations. To make recommendations concerning the use of dextromethamphetamine for operational tasks, its chronopharmacokinetic and chronopharmacodynamic profiles and influence on circadian rhythms as a countermeasure to performance deficits and fatigue were studied. Ten male volunteers, divided into two groups of five each, were given 30 mg/70 kg of oral dextromethamphetamine during two test sessions one week apart and were evaluated with cognitive (dichotic listening, pattern recognition, and compensatory tracking), subjective (fatigue scale), and physiologic (blood pressure) testing. Session order was counterbalanced with dextromethamphetamine administration at either 8:40 AM or 8:40 PM during session one and a crossover to the other time during session two. Subjective and cognitive testing was begun 1.5 hours before dextromethamphetamine administration and continued every half hour until 12.5 hours after administration. Blood pressure was measured immediately before behavioral testing. Serum and urine were collected at regular intervals for gas chromatography/mass spectrometer analysis of methamphetamine and one of its metabolites, amphetamine. No differences were found in the day-versus-night pharmacokinetic profile of dextromethamphetamine. Cognitive performance and subjective fatigue improved after daytime administration of dextromethamphetamine in comparison to performance before drug administration. This effect was suppressed during the circadian trough, which occurred approximately 8 hours into the night sessions (4:30 AM). No correlations were seen between serum concentration of methamphetamine and measured behavioral parameters. C1 USN,AIR FORCE,US ATLANTIC FLEET,NORFOLK,VA. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,SECT PEDIAT CLIN PHARMACOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR. ARKANSAS CHILDRENS HOSP,TOXICOL & THERAPEUT LAB,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72202. HARVARD UNIV,BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP,SCH MED,LAB CIRCADIAN & SLEEP DISORDERS MED,BOSTON,MA 02115. FAA,TOXICOL & ACCID RES LAB,CIVIL AEROMED INST,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK. USN,AEROSP MED RES LAB,NAVAL AIR STN,PENSACOLA,FL. RI Neri, Dario/P-4368-2016 NR 66 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 36 IS 11 BP 1051 EP 1063 DI 10.1177/009127009603601109 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VZ415 UT WOS:A1996VZ41500009 PM 8973994 ER PT J AU Fatemi, M AF Fatemi, M TI Characterization of semiconductor strained layers grown on (110)-type substrates by high-resolution X-ray diffractometry SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article ID HETEROSTRUCTURES AB We present an analytical approach to determine the strain and composition in simple epitaxial films, superlattices and multiple quantum wells grown on (110) substrates by means of the high-resolution X-ray rocking curve technique. Peak separations between the substrate and the epilayer are used from suitable reflections to calculate the lattice parameters in the epilayer using simple equations, followed by a calculation of the layer strain and composition based on the linear elasticity theory. Two independent reflections are sufficient to fully characterize SiGe layers grown on Si, if no tilts relative to the substrate are present, whereas most compound semiconductors may require additional rocking curves to account for the layer tilt. The effect of film thickness on the calculations is examined, and a procedure to correct for the deviation from Vegard's law in SiGe is formulated. The technique is demonstrated for an SiGe multiple quantum well grown on an Si(110) substrate. RP Fatemi, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV ELECT SCI & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD NOV PY 1996 VL 169 IS 2 BP 261 EP 268 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(96)00378-8 PG 8 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA VZ056 UT WOS:A1996VZ05600009 ER PT J AU Stephens, MB Wilson, RF AF Stephens, MB Wilson, RF TI Mnemonics SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Letter C1 USN HOSP,BREMERTON,WA. RP Stephens, MB (reprint author), USN HOSP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. RI Stephens, Mark/A-2679-2015 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU APPLETON & LANGE PI E NORWALK PA 25 VAN ZANT ST, E NORWALK, CT 06855 SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 43 IS 5 BP 432 EP 432 PG 1 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VT556 UT WOS:A1996VT55600005 PM 8965066 ER PT J AU Huba, JD Bernhardt, PA Ossakow, SL Zalesak, ST AF Huba, JD Bernhardt, PA Ossakow, SL Zalesak, ST TI The Rayleigh-Taylor instability is not damped by recombination in the F region SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EQUATORIAL SPREAD-F; TURBULENCE AB The collisional Rayleigh-Taylor instability plays a crucial role in explaining the onset and development of equatorial spread F. A number of linear and nonlinear analyses of the instability have been developed for the F region that include recombinative damping. It has been argued that recombination damps the unstable density perturbations and provides a mechanism to suppress the onset of instability or saturate the instability via mode coupling. We show that F region recombination, in fact, does not damp unstable density perturbations relative to the background ionosphere. Recombination acts to reduce the total electron density, both the ambient background and the perturbation, at a rate nu(R). C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. RP Huba, JD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,CODE 6790,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 23 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A11 BP 24553 EP 24556 DI 10.1029/96JA02527 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VQ495 UT WOS:A1996VQ49500021 ER PT J AU Huba, JD AF Huba, JD TI Impulsive plasmoid penetration of a tangential discontinuity: Two-dimensional ideal and Hall magnetohydrodynamics SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITY; LATITUDE BOUNDARY-LAYER; SOLAR-WIND FILAMENT; MAGNETOSPHERIC BOUNDARY; DAYSIDE MAGNETOPAUSE; PRESSURE VARIATIONS; ISEE OBSERVATIONS; SIMULATIONS; IRREGULARITIES; MAGNETOSHEATH AB Impulsive plasmoid penetration of a tangential discontinuity (e.g., the magnetopause) is studied using two-dimensional ideal and Hall magnetohydrodynamics. The model assumes a unidirectional magnetic field and describes the plasma and field dynamics transverse to the field; this is an idealized model and not typical of the magnetopause. Two magnetic field configurations are studied: the parallel field case where the magnetic fields in the magnetosheath and magnetosphere are in the same direction and the antiparallel field case where they are in opposite directions. The evolution of the plasmoid is symmetric about its propagation direction in ideal MHD. One new ideal MHD result is that after the plasmoid penetrates the discontinuity it undergoes vortex shedding. The Hall MHD results are similar to those obtained by Savoini et al. [1994]. The major similarity is that the plasmoid penetration process is asymmetric. The Hall antiparallel field case, although asymmetric, evolves very much like the ideal MHD case. However, the Hall parallel field case evolves much differently from the ideal MHD case. The plasmoid undergoes a substantial deformation in the direction orthogonal to the propagation direction and does not penetrate as far into the magnetosphere. We suggest that the Hall term can be an important mechanism to provide asymmetric plasmoid propagation through the discontinuity and that Hall MHD can capture important macroscopic effects observed in hybrid simulations that are not described by ideal MHD. RP Huba, JD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,BEAM PHYS BRANCH,CODE 6790,4555 OVERLOOK AVE,SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 41 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A11 BP 24855 EP 24868 DI 10.1029/96JA02563 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VQ495 UT WOS:A1996VQ49500047 ER PT J AU Harold, JB Chen, J AF Harold, JB Chen, J TI Kinetic thinning in one-dimensional self-consistent current sheets SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HYBRID SIMULATIONS; NONLINEAR DYNAMICS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; MAGNETOTAIL; QUIET AB The plasma that enters the region of the magnetotail current sheet can consist of multiple populations, each having a different spatial and temporal history. Processes remote from the current sheet can affect the distribution function of each component. In turn, these populations determine the structure of the current sheet. This interaction provides a purely kinetic mechanism by which ''remote'' processes can influence the current sheet structure. We investigate the effects of such multicomponent distributions on the current sheet, using self-consistent, one-dimensional test particle simulations. We model the system by separating the incoming plasma distribution into two components: a slowly drifting Maxwellian primary population and a low-density secondary population. We then examine the influence of the secondary component by varying the energy and maximum pitch angle of this population. We find that changes in a small fraction of the incoming particle distribution can strongly modify the current sheet structure. In particular, increasing the field alignment or energy of 10% of the incoming particles can lead to significant thinning of the current sheet. This ''kinetic thinning'' is distinct from forces related to the large-scale electric and magnetic fields and suggests that remote processes can have a strong influence on the structure of the magnetotail. C1 USN,RES LAB,BEAM PHYS BRANCH,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A11 BP 24899 EP 24909 DI 10.1029/96JA02038 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VQ495 UT WOS:A1996VQ49500050 ER PT J AU Holland, DL Chen, J Agranov, A AF Holland, DL Chen, J Agranov, A TI Effects of a constant cross-tail magnetic field on the particle dynamics in the magnetotail SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CURRENT SHEET; HYBRID SIMULATIONS; NONLINEAR DYNAMICS; GEOMAGNETIC TAIL; PLASMA SHEET; QUIET; CONFIGURATION; SIGNATURE; MOTION; ORBITS AB The effects of a constant cross-tail magnetic field B-y on the phase space structures and the observational signatures of nonlinear particle dynamics in the quiet time magnetotail are examined. The separation of phase space into dynamically distinct regions (transient, stochastic and integrable) is found to persist, albeit with considerable complications. In addition, it is shown that if \B-y\ is less than the B-z component, the resonant coherent chaotic scattering of particles and the resulting distribution function features persist. If \B-y\ greater than or similar to B-z, on the other hand, the majority of the particles are forward scattered through the current sheet, and there is no discernible signature of the resonance in the distribution function. This is significant in that the presence or absence of the resonance effect in observed distribution functions can constrain the magnitude of B-y. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,BEAM PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Holland, DL (reprint author), ILLINOIS STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,311 MOULTON HALL,NORMAL,IL 61790, USA. NR 23 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 101 IS A11 BP 24997 EP 25002 DI 10.1029/95JA02282 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VQ495 UT WOS:A1996VQ49500060 ER PT J AU Kamman, JW Patek, SD Hoeckley, SA AF Kamman, JW Patek, SD Hoeckley, SA TI Application of multivariable linear control design to marine towed systems SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID REDUCTION AB Model-based design and testing of controllers for underwater towed systems are discussed, The application of the linear quadratic Gaussian/loop transfer recovery (LQG/LTR) control design methodology to the development of depth, roll, and yaw rate controllers for a vehicle towed by a single tow cable is described, Software tools used for model generation and for testing the robustness of designed controllers are also described. The software allows controllers to be tested, for example, against model uncertainties, sensor noise, tow vessel motion disturbances, simulated unsteady vehicle hydrodynamics, actuator dynamics, and nonlinear vehicle hydrodynamics. The software shows that with the appropriate design parameters, the LQG/LTR methodology can produce robust controllers. This observation has generally been backed by sea-trial experience. C1 MIT,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. USN,CTR COASTAL SYST,DEPT COASTAL TECHNOL,PANAMA CITY,FL 32407. RP Kamman, JW (reprint author), WESTERN MICHIGAN UNIV,DEPT AERONAUT & MECH ENGN,KALAMAZOO,MI 49008, USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0731-5090 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 19 IS 6 BP 1246 EP 1251 DI 10.2514/3.21779 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA VR850 UT WOS:A1996VR85000008 ER PT J AU Wang, RB Charoenvit, Y Corradin, G DelaVega, P Franke, ED Hoffman, SL AF Wang, RB Charoenvit, Y Corradin, G DelaVega, P Franke, ED Hoffman, SL TI Protection against malaria by Plasmodium yoelii sporozoite surface protein 2 linear peptide induction of CD4(+) T cell- and IFN-gamma-dependent elimination of infected hepatocytes SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; INTERFERON-GAMMA; MURINE MALARIA; CS PROTEIN; CD4+; ANTIBODIES; VACCINE; IMMUNIZATION; MICE; LYMPHOCYTES AB Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite surface protein 2 (SSP2), also known as TRAP, is included in experimental human malaria vaccines because Plasmodium yoelii SSP2 is the target of protective CD8(+) CTL that eliminate P. yoelii-infected hepatocytes in mice, We now report that immunization with a synthetic branched-chain peptide including four copies of a PySSPZ sequence, NPNEPS, and two tetanus toxin T helper epitopes in the adjuvant TiterMax, or with an 18 amino acid peptide (NPNEPS), in the adjuvant protects A/J, but not BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice, Transfer of T lymphocyte-enriched immune splenocytes protects naive mice; in vivo depletion of CD4(+) T cells eliminates vaccine-induced protection; and in vivo treatment with anti-IFN-gamma reverses vaccine-induced activity against infected hepatocytes, Lymph node cells from immunized A/J, BALB/c, and C57BL/6 mice recognize the (NPNEPS), peptide in vitro, However, the protected A/J mice respond with a predominantly Th1 pattern of lymphocyte response, and the non-protected strains of mice respond with a Th2 pattern, There are many examples of CD4(+) T cells transferring protection against infectious organisms, However, to our knowledge, this is the first formal demonstration that immunization with a linear synthetic peptide induces CD4(+) T cell-dependent, IFN-gamma dependent, genetically restricted sterile protective immunity against an infectious agent. C1 UNIV LAUSANNE,INST BIOCHEM,CH-1066 EPALINGES,SWITZERLAND. USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. RI Villasante, Eileen/G-3602-2011 NR 42 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 157 IS 9 BP 4061 EP 4067 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA VP227 UT WOS:A1996VP22700037 PM 8892640 ER PT J AU Casey, JL Niro, GA Engle, RE Vega, A Gomez, H McCarthy, M Watts, DM Hyams, KC Gerin, JL AF Casey, JL Niro, GA Engle, RE Vega, A Gomez, H McCarthy, M Watts, DM Hyams, KC Gerin, JL TI Hepatitis B virus (HBV) hepatitis D virus (HDV) coinfection in outbreaks of acute hepatitis in the Peruvian Amazon Basin: The roles of HDV genotype III and HBV genotype F SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DELTA-VIRUS; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; YUCPA INDIANS; SANTA-MARTA; INFECTION; VENEZUELA; SUBTYPES AB Recurring outbreaks of acute hepatitis have been a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among Peruvian military personnel stationed in the Amazon Basin region of Peru. The role of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection was investigated as the possible cause of acute hepatitis among 88 military patients stationed at four different jungle outposts during 1992-1993. Analysis of serum markers indicated that 95% (84/88) had evidence of acute HBV infection; 64% (54/84) mere also infected with HDV, Genetic analysis of PCR-amplified HDV and HBV fragments showed exclusively HDV genotype III and HBV genotype F. Furthermore, HDV RNA sequences were similar among patients from the same outpost but different from those at other jungle locations. The data suggested focal sources of HDV infection in the jungle environment of the outposts and, further, confirmed the unique association of HDV genotype III with severe cases of human disease in northern South America. C1 PERUVIAN SANTA ROSA MIL HOSP,IQUITOS,PERU. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD. USN,MED RES INST DETACHMENT,LIMA,PERU. RP Casey, JL (reprint author), GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,DIV MOL VIROL & IMMUNOL,5640 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. RI Niro, Grazia/Q-9087-2016; OI Niro, Grazia/0000-0002-6169-9586; Bossa, Fabrizio/0000-0002-4518-9949 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-45179] NR 24 TC 97 Z9 108 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 174 IS 5 BP 920 EP 926 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VN181 UT WOS:A1996VN18100004 PM 8896491 ER PT J AU Merz, M Nucker, N Pellegrin, E Schuppler, S Kielwein, M Knupfer, M Golden, MS Fink, J Chen, CT Chakarian, V Idzerda, YU Erb, A AF Merz, M Nucker, N Pellegrin, E Schuppler, S Kielwein, M Knupfer, M Golden, MS Fink, J Chen, CT Chakarian, V Idzerda, YU Erb, A TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy of PrxY1-xBa2CU3O7-y single crystals SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Physics and Chemistry of Molecular and Oxide Superconductors CY AUG 02-06, 1996 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; Y1-XPRXBA2CU3O7; PRBA2CU3O7; STATE AB Substituting Y in orthorhombic (Y,RE)Ba2Cu3O7 by arty rare-earth element RE has generally little effect on the superconducting properties, For RE = Pr, however, superconductivity is completely suppressed. To elucidate this effect we have studied the unoccupied electronic structure of PrxY1-xBa2Cu3O7-y (x = 0.0, 0.4, 0.8) by polarization-dependent Ols x-ray absorption spectroscopy on detwinned single crystals. Along with the comparison of undoped (y approximate to 0.9) to the doped materials (y approximate to 0.1), this allows a test of the current theoretical explanations for the suppression of super-conductivity, While we can rule out models involving hole filling or charge transfer from planes to chains our data is consistent with approaches based on Pr4f-O2p(pi) hybridization. C1 IFW DRESDEN EV,D-01171 DRESDEN,GERMANY. SRRC,HSINCHU 300,TAIWAN. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV GENEVA,DPMC,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. RP Merz, M (reprint author), FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE,INFP,POB 3640,D-76021 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. RI Golden, Mark/D-3469-2011; Erb, Andreas/F-2210-2010; Fink, Joerg/A-6003-2012 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 105 IS 3-4 BP 347 EP 352 DI 10.1007/BF00768410 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VX652 UT WOS:A1996VX65200011 ER PT J AU Taft, RM Cameron, SM Knudson, RC Runyan, DA AF Taft, RM Cameron, SM Knudson, RC Runyan, DA TI The effect of primers and surface characteristics on the adhesion-in-peel force of silicone elastomers bonded to resin materials SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article AB Facial prostheses, when used in conjunction with craniofacial implants, require a retentive matrix to hold attachments and/or magnets. The retentive matrix is usually fabricated with autopolymerizing acrylic resin or a visible light-polymerized resin. The purpose of this study was to compare the adhesion-in-peel force of a silicone adhesive to autopolymerizing polymethyl methacrylate and light-polymerizing urethane dimethacrylate gel with two surface textures: (1) pumice polish only or (2) pumice polish and bead retention, and two surface primers: (1) Dow Corning 1205 primer or (2) Dow Corning S-2260 primer. The 1205 primer produced an adhesion-in-peel force that was statistically significantly stronger (p <0.05) regardless of which type of resin or surface preparation was used. C1 USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,PROSTHODONT RESIDENCY PROGRAM,FT GORDON,GA. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. USA,DENT ACTIV,FT GORDON,GA 30905. NR 11 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 76 IS 5 BP 515 EP 518 DI 10.1016/S0022-3913(96)90010-4 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VR629 UT WOS:A1996VR62900011 PM 8933442 ER PT J AU Fischer, RJ AF Fischer, RJ TI Loupe microsurgical tubal sterilization reversal - Experience at a community-level naval hospital SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE tubal ligation; sterilization reversal; microsurgery ID FEMALE STERILIZATION; ANASTOMOSIS; REVERSIBILITY; CAUTERY AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the success rates of loupe microsurgical tubal sterilization reversal procedures performed by a generalist obstetrician-gynecologist at a community-level naval hospital. STUDY DESIGN: Consecutive patients who underwent microsurgical tubal anastomosis under loupe magnification by the author during a 16-month period were subjected to a review for outcome in this case series report. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients who underwent reversal of tubal ligation by the author were examined for outcome. By 29 months after the last case studied, the overall conception rate was 78.3% and intrauterine pregnancy rate 69.6%. The miscarriage and ectopic rates were 13.0% and 8.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Loupe microsurgical tubal reversal by a properly trained generalist obstetrician-gynecologist at a community hospital rendered success rates comparable to those published in the literature. C1 USN HOSP,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,JACKSONVILLE,FL. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA P.O. DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 SN 0024-7758 J9 J REPROD MED JI J. Reprod. Med. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 41 IS 11 BP 855 EP 859 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA VW932 UT WOS:A1996VW93200012 PM 8951138 ER PT J AU Piquette, JC AF Piquette, JC TI Some new techniques for panel measurements SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TRANSDUCER TRANSIENT SUPPRESSION; UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC PANELS AB Several methods for improving conventional panel measurement methodology are described. Methods for reducing the low-frequency cutoff of conventional echo-reduction tests, and for simulating impulse-response testing are presented. The new methods are demonstrated to reduce the low-frequency cutoff for conventional echo-reduction tests by an octave (to 5 kHz), and evidence is provided that suggests that lowering by another octave is feasible. The simulated impulse-response testing was achieved by radiating, through the use of exact transient-suppression methods, broadband interrogating waves, centered on 10 kHz, of single-cycle and half-cycle duration. A new, approximate method of staged transient suppression that permits significantly enhanced projector output relative to that achieved with exact transient suppression is described. The staged transient-suppression method is applicable to the improvement of insertion-loss tests. Finally, a new method for correcting edge-diffraction-contaminated insertion-loss measurements of panels fabricated of decoupling materials is presented. The new method was demonstrated in the frequency range of 500-11 000 Hz, and utilizes staged transient suppression in its implementation. RP Piquette, JC (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,UNDERWATER SOUND REFERENCE DETACHMENT,POB 568337,ORLANDO,FL 32856, USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 100 IS 5 BP 3227 EP 3236 DI 10.1121/1.417206 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA VT753 UT WOS:A1996VT75300034 ER PT J AU Strasberg, M AF Strasberg, M TI Continuous structures as ''fuzzy'' substructures SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter AB This Letter discusses when and how the representation of Seize's ''fuzzy'' substructures by a multitude of sprung masses can be applied to a single continuous or complicated substructure which itself has many closely spaced frequencies of resonance and antiresonance. RP Strasberg, M (reprint author), NSWC,DAVID TAYLOR MODEL BASIN,BETHESDA,MD 20084, USA. NR 11 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 100 IS 5 BP 3456 EP 3459 DI 10.1121/1.416991 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA VT753 UT WOS:A1996VT75300062 ER PT J AU Palya, WL Walter, D Kessel, R Lucke, R AF Palya, WL Walter, D Kessel, R Lucke, R TI Investigating behavioral dynamics with a fixed-time extinction schedule and linear analysis SO JOURNAL OF THE EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE linear systems analysis; frequency domain; variable-interval schedules; transfer function; interreinforcement interval distribution; key peck; pigeons AB This paper describes the behavioral adaptation observed for 16 pigeons responding to a step transition in the reinforcement rate in a repeated-trial design. Within each trial, following exposure for a fixed period to a variable-interval schedule, there was an unsignaled change in the schedule to extinction. The step transition allowed an experimental test of the applicability of a linear analysis to steady-state dynamic behavior. The computations required for this test yielded, as an intermediate result, transfer functions for each of the 16 birds from 1 mHz to 256 mHz. The transfer functions obtained show greater responsiveness to lower frequencies (i.e., longer time-scale structures in the reinforcement schedule); hence, the pigeons have the characteristics of a low-pass filter The outcome of the test is that some predictability of the pigeons' future behavior is possible. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Palya, WL (reprint author), JACKSONVILLE STATE UNIV,DEPT PSYCHOL,JACKSONVILLE,AL 36265, USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC EXP ANALYSIS BEHAVIOR INC PI BLOOMINGTON PA INDIANA UNIV DEPT PSYCHOLOGY, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47405 SN 0022-5002 J9 J EXP ANAL BEHAV JI J. Exp. Anal. Behav. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 66 IS 3 BP 391 EP 409 DI 10.1901/jeab.1996.66-391 PG 19 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA VR695 UT WOS:A1996VR69500010 PM 16812829 ER PT J AU Marrian, CRK Perkins, FK Park, D Dobisz, EA Peckerar, MC Rhee, KW Bass, R AF Marrian, CRK Perkins, FK Park, D Dobisz, EA Peckerar, MC Rhee, KW Bass, R TI Modeling of electron elastic and inelastic scattering SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Conference on Electron, Ion, and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication (EIBPN) CY MAY 28-31, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Soc Amer ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; BEAM LITHOGRAPHY; PROXIMITY CORRECTION; ENERGY DISSIPATION AB The role of the form of the elastic and inelastic cross section in Monte Carlo simulations of electron-solid scattering has been studied to understand the processes whereby energy is deposited by electrons as they traverse thin films. Specifically we are interested in these phenomena as they relate to proximity effects in electron-beam lithography and the detection of electrons by a Schottky diode with a patterned absorber overlayer. Lithographic point and line spread functions have been measured in three resist materials. We show that the inclusion of discrete inelastic scattering events whereby fast secondaries are generated is essential for matching simulation and experiment. The secondaries are crucial in determining the shape of the spread functions in the 0.1-1 mu m regime and must be included to model proximity effects. Further, the fitting of line spread function simulations to experiment allows the accurate prediction of dot spread functions and applied dose thresholds as well as three dimensional resist profiles. The form of the elastic cross section is important in determining the energy loss in, and transmission through, thin metallic films. For electron energies where the film transmission is low, the Mott cross section provides a more accurate simulation than the screened Rutherford cross section. C1 SACHS FREEMAN ASSOCIATES INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. RP Marrian, CRK (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV ELECT SCI & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 14 IS 6 BP 3864 EP 3869 DI 10.1116/1.588683 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VZ361 UT WOS:A1996VZ36100087 ER PT J AU Peckerar, M Marrian, C Perkins, FK AF Peckerar, M Marrian, C Perkins, FK TI Feature contrast in dose-equalization schemes used for electron-beam proximity control SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Conference on Electron, Ion, and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication (EIBPN) CY MAY 28-31, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Soc Amer ID LITHOGRAPHY AB Dose equalization by the GHOST technique fails to provide homogeneous contrast when the two-Gaussian model does not adequately portray the beam-energy dose distribution. This leads to an undesirable pattern dependence to the contrast obtained. The degree to which this breakdown occurs is shown in computer simulation. The most severe breakdown occurs in enclosed (annular) structures where the effect of ''higher order'' Gaussian deposition peaks are concentrated. Unanticipated background fluctuations of about 10% of the nominal exposure dose are obtained. As a result of this study, test structures are proposed which can extend the utility of dose equalization. RP Peckerar, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV ELECT SCI & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 14 IS 6 BP 3880 EP 3886 DI 10.1116/1.588686 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VZ361 UT WOS:A1996VZ36100090 ER PT J AU Moon, EE Everett, PN Rhee, K Smith, HI AF Moon, EE Everett, PN Rhee, K Smith, HI TI Simultaneous measurement of gap and superposition in a precision aligner for x-ray nanolithography SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Conference on Electron, Ion, and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication (EIBPN) CY MAY 28-31, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Soc Amer ID BEAM LITHOGRAPHY AB Previously we described an x-ray mask alignment system, capable of nanometer-level superposition precision, whose alignment signal did not appear to be adversely affected by overlayers of resist, polysilicon, or metal [E. E. Moon, P. N. Everett, and H. I. Smith, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 13, 2648 (1995)]. The system, called interferometric broad-band imaging (IBBI), employs grating and grid type alignment marks on mask and substrate, respectively. These are viewed at an inclined angle, through the mask, using f/10 optics with a working distance of 110 mm. The inclined angle and long working distance avoid interruption of the x-ray beam. Using a charge-coupled-device camera, misalignment is measured from two identical sets of interference fringes (similar to 50 mu m period) that move in opposite directions as the mask is moved relative to the substrate. Alignment corresponds to matching the spatial phases of the two sets of fringes. Here we demonstrate that the same alignment optics and grating type alignment mark on the mask can be used to measure the mask-sample gap, with a sensitivity similar to 50 nm, via a diffractive-Michelson interferometer. No mark is required on the substrate. X-ray exposures were carried out with the IBBI system. The disparity between (a) the misalignment as measured by the IBBI system and (b) the postprocessing misalignment, as measured on the substrate by a related moire technique, was evaluated. Mean disparities of 0.1, -0.4, and -0.3 nm were measured for alignment marks of 1, 2, and 4 mu m period, respectively. The 3-sigma values of the distributions were 2.4, 7.3, and 5.9 nm. The larger values for the 2 mu m period case are attributed to multiple defects in the grating alignment marks. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Moon, EE (reprint author), MIT,ELECT RES LAB,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 14 IS 6 BP 3969 EP 3973 DI 10.1116/1.588625 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VZ361 UT WOS:A1996VZ36100110 ER PT J AU Dobisz, EA Koops, HWP Perkins, FK Marrian, CRK Brandow, SL AF Dobisz, EA Koops, HWP Perkins, FK Marrian, CRK Brandow, SL TI Three dimensional electron optical modeling of scanning tunneling microscope lithography in resists SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Conference on Electron, Ion, and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication (EIBPN) CY MAY 28-31, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, IEEE Electron Device Soc, Opt Soc Amer ID FABRICATION; SCALE; STM AB Three dimensional electron optical simulations were used to model scanning tunneling microscope (STM) lithography in resists under field emission conditions. This work focuses on the effect of resists, as dielectric layers, between the tip and conducting substrate on the operation of the STM. Simulations were run for resist thicknesses of 1-50 nm, which are comparable to our experiments, and tip-resist separations of 1-20 nm. Simulations were run for a ''best'' tip of radius 10 nm and a typical tip of radius 50 nm. The results show that the presence of a resist layer dramatically reduces the range of stable STM operation, which is observed experimentally. For a given tip-substrate distance and fixed tip-substrate voltage, the interposition of the dielectric layer expels electric field and causes the electric field at the tip to increase. Although the tip will retract from the substrate, the tip-resist distance is less than the prior tip-bare substrate distance. for the same tip-sample voltage and same electric field at the tip. The effect increases with resist thickness. For a 25 nm thick resist layer, the STM will operate a factor of 2 closer to the resist than a bare substrate. In addition, the energy of the electrons entering the resist is 50% less than the applied tip-substrate bias. Estimates of spot size based upon emission centered about the tip-sample axis are less than or equal to 15 nm, which is consistent with the best experimental results. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. C1 DEUTCHE TELEKOM,DARMSTADT,GERMANY. RP Dobisz, EA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 14 IS 6 BP 4148 EP 4152 DI 10.1116/1.588609 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VZ361 UT WOS:A1996VZ36100148 ER PT J AU Jones, BA Aly, HM Forsyth, EA Sidawy, AN AF Jones, BA Aly, HM Forsyth, EA Sidawy, AN TI Phenotypic characterization of human smooth muscle cells derived from atherosclerotic tibial and peroneal arteries SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID RESTENOTIC LESIONS; CORONARY; PLAQUE; PROLIFERATION; CULTURE; CONTRACTILE; EXPRESSION; BIOLOGY; AORTA AB Purpose: The vascular smooth muscle cell plays a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerosis. The objectives of this study were to characterize smooth muscle cells from the human atherosclerotic tibial artery to determine their phenotypic properties and to examine the contractile reactions of these cells to physiologic and pharmacologic stimuli. Methods: After below-knee amputations were performed, vascular smooth muscle cells were harvested and cultivated from tibioperoneal source. Characterization was done with transmission electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry. The contractile properties were determined by observing the response to various stimuli. In addition, segments of vessels harvested were submitted to electron microscopy studies for comparison with the cultured cells. Results: Immunofluorescent labeling was positive for ct-smooth muscle actin. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of a thickened basal laminae and large intracellular lipid vacuoles. The earlier passages revealed cells with a large number of microfilaments characteristic of a contractile cell. As later passages were examined, there was a notable change in character with an increasing amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complexes. The increased thickness of the basal lamina in the cultured cells resembled that found in vessel segments studied by electron microscopy. A rapid contraction response was seen when the cells were incubated with angiotensin II, bradykinin, or endothelin. No response was seen with the addition of isoproterenol, nitroglycerin, or nitroprusside, known smooth-muscle relaxants. Conclusion: This model demonstrates the apparent inability of these smooth muscle cells from atherosclerotic tibial arteries to relax to pharmacologic and physiologic stimuli. In addition, as seen by transmission electron microscopy, these cells maintain their atherosclerotic phenotype after multiple passages. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT SURG, WASHINGTON, DC 20422 USA. NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT SURG, WASHINGTON, DC USA. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV, MED CTR, DEPT SURG, WASHINGTON, DC 20052 USA. GEORGETOWN UNIV, MED CTR, DEPT SURG, WASHINGTON, DC 20057 USA. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 24 IS 5 BP 883 EP 891 DI 10.1016/S0741-5214(96)70027-7 PG 9 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VR838 UT WOS:A1996VR83800027 PM 8918338 ER PT J AU Dunlevy, TM OMalley, TP Postma, GN AF Dunlevy, TM OMalley, TP Postma, GN TI Optimal concentration of epinephrine for vasoconstriction in neck surgery SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article ID FLOW AB The addition of epinephrine to local anesthetics decreases bleeding, reduces systemic toxicity, and increases duration of action. However, epinephrine has significant side effects. Four concentrations of epinephrine were compared to determine the minimum concentration required for maximal vasoconstriction. Eighty-one subjects undergoing surgical procedures with general anesthesia were injected with 1% lidocaine containing varying concentrations of epinephrine, Blood flow measurements were then made at 1-minute intervals for 10 minutes using a laser Doppler flowmeter. There were no differences in blood flow reduction between epinephrine concentrations of 1:100,000, 1:200,000, and 1:400,000. However, epinephrine 1:800,000 provided significantly less vasoconstriction. We recommend using an epinephrine concentration of 1:200,000 or 1:400,000 to provide optimal initial hemostasis while minimizing potential side effects. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,PORTSMOUTH,VA. USN HOSP,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL,CAMP PENDLETON,CA. NR 15 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU LARYNGOSCOPE CO PI ST LOUIS PA 10 S BROADWAY 14TH FLOOR, ST LOUIS, MO 63102-1741 SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD NOV PY 1996 VL 106 IS 11 BP 1412 EP 1414 DI 10.1097/00005537-199611000-00020 PG 3 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA VT173 UT WOS:A1996VT17300019 PM 8914911 ER PT J AU Guan, ZF Deng, F Liu, QZ Lau, SS Hewett, CA AF Guan, ZF Deng, F Liu, QZ Lau, SS Hewett, CA TI Ni-diamond interactions SO MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE nickel films; diamond substrate; heat spreading applications AB The interactions between evaporated Ni films and diamond substrates have been investigated for heat spreading applications. It was found that the Ni film deposited on single crystal diamond substrates at room temperature under conventional vacuum condition re-aligns epitaxially after annealing at 750 degrees C in a forming gas ambient. The realignment process is believed to initiate with the formation of epitaxial interfacial NiC layer. For chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond substrates, reactions occur at temperatures as low as 600 degrees C, forming various carbides in the layer. All epitaxially realigned and reacted Ni films adhere firmly to the substrate, thus serving as a metallized-glue layer for die-attaching semiconductor chips. C1 USN,NAVAL COMMAND,CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDTE DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. RP Guan, ZF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0254-0584 J9 MATER CHEM PHYS JI Mater. Chem. Phys. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 46 IS 2-3 BP 230 EP 232 DI 10.1016/S0254-0584(97)80018-1 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VV439 UT WOS:A1996VV43900019 ER PT J AU Kouroukafopoulos, A Hatzitrifon, NK Webb, T Aifantis, EC AF Kouroukafopoulos, A Hatzitrifon, NK Webb, T Aifantis, EC TI Equilibrium solute distribution near an interface crack tip and environment-assisted cracking in bi-materials SO MECHANICS RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,CTR MECH MAT & INSTABIL,HOUGHTON,MI 49931. RP Kouroukafopoulos, A (reprint author), ARISTOTELIAN UNIV THESSALONIKI,LAB MECH,PB 468,GR-54006 THESSALONIKI,GREECE. RI Aifantis, Elias/F-7087-2011 OI Aifantis, Elias/0000-0002-6846-5686 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0093-6413 J9 MECH RES COMMUN JI Mech. Res. Commun. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 23 IS 6 BP 583 EP 588 DI 10.1016/S0093-6413(96)00062-6 PG 6 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA VZ630 UT WOS:A1996VZ63000003 ER PT J AU Allenspach, M Brews, JR Galloway, KE Johnson, GH Schrimpf, RD Pease, RL Titus, JL Wheatley, CF AF Allenspach, M Brews, JR Galloway, KE Johnson, GH Schrimpf, RD Pease, RL Titus, JL Wheatley, CF TI SEGR: A unique failure mode for power MOSFETs in spacecraft SO MICROELECTRONICS AND RELIABILITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Symposium on Reliability of Electron Devices, Failure Physics and Analysis (ESREF 96) CY OCT 08-11, 1996 CL ENSCHEDE, NETHERLANDS SP IEEE, Electron Devices Soc AB Power MOSFETs are vulnerable to catastrophic single-event phenomena when exposed to the radiation environment of space. In particular, single-event-gate-rupture (SEGR) is a failure mechanism unique to DMOS power transistors caused by the passage of a heavy ion through the neck region of the device and the subsequent transient electric field across the gate oxide. This paper will describe the failure mode, present supporting experimental data, and demonstrate an effective simulation tool for predicting gate rupture. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 RLP RES INC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87122. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CRANE,IN 47522. RP Allenspach, M (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0026-2714 J9 MICROELECTRON RELIAB JI Microelectron. Reliab. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 36 IS 11-12 BP 1871 EP 1874 DI 10.1016/0026-2714(96)00218-1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VN502 UT WOS:A1996VN50200062 ER PT J AU Voge, VM AF Voge, VM TI General characteristics of US Air Force and US Army rated male and female aircrew SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The issue of women flying military combat aircraft has been controversial. We conducted a comprehensive survey, via anonymous questionnaire, of all U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force rated female aircrew and an equal number of age- and duty-matched male aircrew. We are reporting on the general information section of the questionnaire here: age, time in the military, flight role, desire to remain in the military, marital status, number of children, spousal encouragement of career, type of aircraft flown, aircraft mishap and injury history, and reasons for extended periods of illness/medical incapacitation to fly. Males' and females' responses in most areas surveyed were very similar. However, women were more than twice as likely to have been medically grounded for a period of more than 30 days. Not all the excess groundings were due to pregnancies. The responses to this section of the questionnaire indicate that female military officer aircrew are similar to their male counterparts, About 20% of married female aircrew do not postpone pregnancies in deference to their military careers. RP Voge, VM (reprint author), USN,SCH HLTH SCI,SAN DIEGO DETACHMENT,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 161 IS 11 BP 654 EP 657 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VT576 UT WOS:A1996VT57600004 PM 8961717 ER PT J AU Taylor, HA AF Taylor, HA TI Providing the advanced life support in obstetrics course within the military family practice training system SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LOW-RISK PREGNANCIES; PHYSICIANS; MANAGEMENT AB ''The Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO) Course is designed to assist health professionals in developing and maintaining the knowledge and skills they will need to effectively manage the emergencies which arise in obstetrics. Given the fact that the vast majority of military family physicians provide maternity care, often in small overseas facilities without in-hospital obstetrician backup, inclusion of this course into the military family practice residency training curriculum would be very beneficial to the mission of family practice within the military. A brief background of the ALSO movement and the ALSO course curriculum are provided, Lessons learned to aid military family practice departments in providing quality ALSO courses are described, as are arguments for the inclusion of ALSO training into military family practice training curriculums. RP Taylor, HA (reprint author), USN HOSP,DEPT FAMILY PRACTICE,2080 CHILD ST,JACKSONVILLE,FL 32214, USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 161 IS 11 BP 696 EP 700 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VT576 UT WOS:A1996VT57600014 PM 8961727 ER PT J AU Wang, QU Johnson, JK Broughton, JQ AF Wang, QU Johnson, JK Broughton, JQ TI Thermodynamic properties and phase equilibrium of fluid hydrogen from path integral simulations SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; ORTHO-D-2 CLUSTERS; GIBBS ENSEMBLE; FREE-ENERGY; STATE; PARA-H-2; SYSTEMS; H-2 AB The thermodynamic properties of normal and para-hydrogen are computed from multiple time-step path integral hybrid Monte Carlo (PIHMC) simulations. Four different isotropic pair potentials are evaluated by comparing simulation results with experimental data. The Silvera-Goldman potential is found to be the most accurate of the potentials tested for computing the density and internal energy of fluid hydrogen. Using the Silvera-Goldman potential, simulation and experimental data are compared on isobars ranging from 0.1 to 100 MPa and for temperatures from 18 to 300 K. The Gibbs free energy is calculated from the PIHMC simulations by an adaptation of Widom's particle insertion technique to a path integral fluid. A new method is developed for computing phase equilibria for quantum fluids directly by combining PIHMC with the Gibbs ensemble technique. This Gibbs-PIHMC method is used to calculate the vapour-liquid phase diagram of hydrogen from simulations. Agreement with experimental data is good. C1 USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Wang, QU (reprint author), UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT CHEM & PETR ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260, USA. RI Johnson, Karl/E-9733-2013 OI Johnson, Karl/0000-0002-3608-8003 NR 43 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0026-8976 J9 MOL PHYS JI Mol. Phys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 89 IS 4 BP 1105 EP 1119 DI 10.1080/002689796173516 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VT278 UT WOS:A1996VT27800013 ER PT J AU Zdziarski, AA Johnson, WN Magdziarz, P AF Zdziarski, AA Johnson, WN Magdziarz, P TI Broad-band gamma-ray and X-ray spectra of NGC 4151 and their implications for physical processes and geometry SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies, individual, NGC 4151; galaxies, Seyfert; gamma-rays, observations; gamma-rays, theory; X-rays, galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ACCRETION DISK; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; THERMAL PLASMAS; CROSS-SECTIONS; LINE-PROFILE; COLD MATTER; BLACK-HOLES; CYGNUS X-1; NGC-4151 AB We study gamma-ray observations of NGC 4151 by the Gamma Ray Observatory (GRO)/OSSE contemporaneous with X-ray observations by ROSAT and Ginga in 1991 June and ASCA in 1993 May. The spectra are well modelled by thermal Comptonization and a dual neutral absorber. We also find, for the first time for NGC 4151, a Compton-reflection spectral component in the Ginga/OSSE data. When reflection is taken into account, the intrinsic X-ray energy spectral index is alpha similar to 0.8 and the plasma temperature is similar to 60 keV for both observations, conditions which imply an optical depth of similar to 1. The X-ray spectral index is within the range, alpha similar to 0.95+/-0.15, observed from other Seyfert Is. Also, the OSSE spectra of those and other observations of NGC 4151 are statistically indistinguishable from the average OSSE spectrum of radio-quiet Seyfert Is. Thus, NGC 4151 observed in 1991 and 1993 has the intrinsic X-ray/gamma-ray spectrum typical for Seyfert Is, and the main property distinguishing it from other Seyfert Is is a large absorbing column of similar to 10(23) cm(-2). We find no evidence for a strong, broad and redshifted Fe K alpha line component in the ASCA spectrum of 1993 May. Also, the Compton-reflection component in the Ginga/OSSE spectrum is a few times too small to account for the strength of the broad/redshifted line reported elsewhere to be found in this and other ASCA spectra of NGC 4151. On the other hand, we confirm previous studies in that archival X-ray data do imply strong intrinsic X-ray variability and hardness of the intrinsic spectrum in low X-ray states. An observed softening of the intrinsic X-ray spectrum with the increasing flux implies that variability in gamma-rays is weaker than in X-rays, which agrees with the 100-keV flux changing only within a factor of 2 in archival OSSE and GRANAT/SIGMA observations. The relative hardness of the intrinsic X-ray spectrum rules out the homogeneous hot corona/cold disc model for this source. Instead, the hot plasma has to subtend a small solid angle as seen from the source of UV radiation. If the hot plasma is purely thermal, it consists of electrons rather than e(+/-) pairs. On the other hand, the plasma can be pair-dominated if a small fraction of the power is non-thermal. C1 USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV, ASTRON OBSERV, PL-30244 KRAKOW, POLAND. RP Zdziarski, AA (reprint author), COPERNICUS ASTRON CTR, BARTYCKA 18, PL-00716 WARSAW, POLAND. RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 NR 66 TC 194 Z9 194 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 283 IS 1 BP 193 EP 206 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VR110 UT WOS:A1996VR11000021 ER PT J AU Zhang, CA Randall, DA Moeng, CH Branson, M Moyer, KA Wang, Q AF Zhang, CA Randall, DA Moeng, CH Branson, M Moyer, KA Wang, Q TI A surface flux parameterization based on the vertically averaged turbulence kinetic energy SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER; MODEL; TEMPERATURE; VELOCITY; HEAT; FORMULATION; CONVECTION; INTERFACE; BUOYANCY; SCALE AB A new bulk transfer formulation for the surface turbulent fluxes of momentum, heat, and moisture has been, developed by using the square root of the vertically averaged turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) in the atmospheric boundary layer as a Velocity scale, in place of the mean wind speed. The new parameterization utilizes the surface radiative (skin) temperature instead of the temperature at a ''roughness height.'' Field observations and large-eddy simulation (LES) results were used to develop the parameterization. It has been tested using an independent dataset from the First ISLSCP (International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project) Field Experiment (FIFE). The predicted surface momentum flux compares very well with the observations, despite the fact that the data used for developing the new parameterization have a very different roughness length from the independent FIFE data. This shows that the parameterization can represent a wide range of surface roughness boundary conditions. The predicted sensible and latent heat fluxes also agree well with the FIFE observations, although the predicted surface sensible heat flux is somewhat less than observed at the FIFE site. The diurnal cycles of the predicted surface sensible heat and latent heat fluxes correspond very well with the observations in both magnitude and phase. C1 NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES, BOULDER, CO 80307 USA. WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, WOODS HOLE, MA 02543 USA. USN, POSTGRAD SCH, MONTEREY, CA USA. RP COLORADO STATE UNIV, DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI, FT COLLINS, CO 80523 USA. RI Randall, David/E-6113-2011 OI Randall, David/0000-0001-6935-4112 NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 124 IS 11 BP 2521 EP 2536 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1996)124<2521:ASFPBO>2.0.CO;2 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VT172 UT WOS:A1996VT17200008 ER PT J AU Daley, R AF Daley, R TI Generation of global multivariate error covariances by singular-value decomposition of the linear balance equation SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID INTERPOLATION AB Effective data assimilation algorithms require the estimation and specification of second-moment forecast error statistics. The imposition of multivariate constraints has been found to be a particularly effective way of extracting the maximum amount of information from the observations. In the optimal interpolation (OI) algorithm, geostrophic constraints were imposed, and these have been extended to the global case in the newer three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) algorithm by the application of the linear balance equation or a Rossby-Hough expansion. This study shows that the imposition of the linear balance equation (or the Rossby-Hough expansion) in the Tropics (although mathematically attractive) is not correct and may have deleterious effects on the assimilated products. A procedure is developed, based on the singular-value decomposition (svd) of the linear balance equation, for generating global forecast error covariances in which the multivariate coupling between wind and mass is completely user controlled. Thus, two modal spaces are defined: a spectral (spherical harmonic) space for controlling the redness of the spectrum and a balance (svd) space for controlling the coupling. In this way it is possible for the rotational wind and mass error covariances to be closely coupled in the extratropics and essentially univariate at low latitudes. RP Daley, R (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,7 GRACE HOPPER AVE,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 124 IS 11 BP 2574 EP 2587 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1996)124<2574:GOGMEC>2.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VT172 UT WOS:A1996VT17200012 ER PT J AU Holtz, RL Provenzano, V AF Holtz, RL Provenzano, V TI Reconsideration of a high-temperature, high-strength nanocomposite concept SO NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB A concept for high-strength, high-temperature nanocomposites proposed by N. Louat [Acta Metall. <(33)under bar>, #1, 59-69 (1985)] is discussed in the context of several model metallic nanocomposite systems that have been tested: Cu-Nb, Ag-Ni, and Ag-Cu. It is argued that the conditions of the model that the particle and matrix phases be immiscible means that the particle-matrix interface is likely to be weak relative to either constituent phase; therefore, the Louat model for strength enhancement and high-temperature strength retention cannot be met in practical nanocomposites. Copyright (C) 1996 Acta Metallurgica Inc. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Holtz, RL (reprint author), GEOCENTERS INC,10903 INDIAN HEAD HWY,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20744, USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0965-9773 J9 NANOSTRUCT MATER JI Nanostruct. Mater. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 7 IS 8 BP 905 EP 911 DI 10.1016/S0965-9773(96)00060-8 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VU712 UT WOS:A1996VU71200008 ER PT J AU Kruse, DK AF Kruse, DK TI Secretary's notes SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 SN 0028-1425 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 108 IS 6 BP 6 EP 6 PG 1 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA VT586 UT WOS:A1996VT58600002 ER PT J AU Habayeb, AR AF Habayeb, AR TI System engineering of computer integrated manufacturing SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Technologies to manufacture affordable systems are of very high interest to naval aviation, the Navy, other services and industry. The current environment of downsizing and continued budget reduction is causing DoD to seek effective methods to improve the affordability and availability of critical devices. Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) and flexible manufacturing (FM) proved to be the appropriate choice for cost effective manufacturing. CIM deals with the effective utilization of computers and automation in manufacturing to improve production (quality yield, cycle time) and reduce the unit product cost. This paper uses a system engineering approach to formulate the architecture and design of an infrared focal plane array CIM factory. A system engineering approach deals with the total issue of building systems: the determination of the requirements, establishing the architecture, performing system partitioning and integration of hardware and software, applying the evaluation measures (metrics), and doing design tradeoff analyses of options and alternatives. At a given partitioning level, system integration is the process of blending hardware and software building blocks into a unified functioning whole. Computer integrated manufacturing is considered the integration of mini-factories (clusters of workcells) through a distributed computing environment (DCE) and the automation of manufacturing processes. RP Habayeb, AR (reprint author), USN,AIR SYST COMMAND,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 SN 0028-1425 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 108 IS 6 BP 59 EP 71 PG 13 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA VT586 UT WOS:A1996VT58600006 ER PT J AU ODonoghue, KF Marlow, DT AF ODonoghue, KF Marlow, DT TI Time synchronization services aboard surface ships SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The modern day surface ship is composed of a number of individual systems which together operate the platform. Vital to making such a collection of systems work in this real-time environment is a common understanding of time. As additional functions and processors are added to systems, more demands are being placed on the time distribution function. Experience has shown that currently employed techniques for time distribution are not scalable to the more distributed approaches for building shipboard control systems. Use of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components also drives the need for new approaches to implementing time services. This paper presents requirements for time services, an overview of current time synchronization approaches, and a technical approach being investigated for future shipboard time synchronization. RP ODonoghue, KF (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN DIV,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 SN 0028-1425 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 108 IS 6 BP 73 EP 84 PG 12 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA VT586 UT WOS:A1996VT58600007 ER PT J AU Johnson, TM AF Johnson, TM TI Ataxic hemiparesis and hemiageusia from an isolated post-traumatic midbrain lesion SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FEATURES RP Johnson, TM (reprint author), USN HOSP,DEPT NEUROL,CAMP PENDLETON,CA 92055, USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD NOV PY 1996 VL 47 IS 5 BP 1348 EP 1349 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VR425 UT WOS:A1996VR42500047 PM 8909461 ER PT J AU Lattimore, MR AF Lattimore, MR TI An apparent pH-induced effect on extended wear hydrogel lens water content SO OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE tearfilm pH; hydrogel contact lenses; extended wear; water content ID HUMAN TEAR PH; CONTACT-LENSES; HUMAN CORNEA; FILM AB Numerous studies have examined the separate issues of precorneal tearfilm pH and hydrogel lens water content. None have examined the two issues in an associated, clinical fashion. Earlier research by this author has shown that stabilized hydrogel lens anterior surface pH correlates with established values for the precorneal tearfilm pH. This technique was therefore paired with two different methods of hydrogel lens water content assessment to determine if there was a predictable tear pH-related effect on soft lens hydration. Sixty-five volunteer subjects were fitted with either 38% (polymacon) or 58% (etafilcon A) water content hydrogel lenses on an extended-wear basis. The in situ hydrogel lens anterior surface pH was measured with a flat-surfaced, self-referenced pH electrode 5 min after initial fitting, and on subsequent extended wear follow-up examinations. On each follow-up, associated lens water content was determined by gravimetric and/or refractive analysis, yielding a total of 517 paired data points over a 33 month period. While the anterior lens surface pH increased in a nonlinear fashion with immediate duration of extended lens wear [p < 0.001 analysis of variance (ANOVA) by number of days extended lens wear], the water content decreased in a nonlinear fashion under the same conditions (p < 0.001 by ANOVA). Correlation of these two nonlinear functions yielded a negatively sloped linear regression (r = 0.99 and 0.97) for each material. The slopes of the resultant linear functions were significantly different (p < 0.01) by t-test; the higher water content material exhibited a greater sensitivity to pH. The routine labeling of pH-induced water content changes by hydrogel lens manufacturers would provide an objective model for clinical lens behavior, and assist in lens type and parameter selection when fitting extended-wear soft lenses. Additionally, as other lens materials are characterized, it may be possible to model the ''ideal'' hydrogel material in terms of apparent pH-dependent or -independent behavior. RP Lattimore, MR (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,34800 BOB WILSON DR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1040-5488 J9 OPTOMETRY VISION SCI JI Optom. Vis. Sci. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 73 IS 11 BP 689 EP 694 DI 10.1097/00006324-199611000-00003 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA VW980 UT WOS:A1996VW98000003 PM 8950750 ER PT J AU Stazzone, AM Slaats, S Mortagy, A Kleinosky, M Diab, A Mourad, A Hebert, A Merrell, BR Watson, RR Murphy, JR AF Stazzone, AM Slaats, S Mortagy, A Kleinosky, M Diab, A Mourad, A Hebert, A Merrell, BR Watson, RR Murphy, JR TI Frequency of Giardia and Cryptosporidium infections in Egyptian children as determined by conventional and immunofluorescence methods SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Giardia; Cryptosporidium; immunofluorescence; diarrhea; Egypt ID DEVELOPING WORLD; DIAGNOSIS; PREVALENCE; SPECIMENS; DIARRHEA; DISEASE; OOCYSTS C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT FAMILY & COMMUNITY MED,TUCSON,AZ. USN,MED RES UNIT 3,DIARRHEAL DIS & ENTER PATHOGENS PROGRAM,CAIRO,EGYPT. RP Stazzone, AM (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,COLL MED,DEPT TRAUMA SURG,UNDERGRAD BIOL RES PROGRAM,POB 245063,TUCSON,AZ 85724, USA. FU PHS HHS [08037] NR 25 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 15 IS 11 BP 1044 EP 1046 DI 10.1097/00006454-199611000-00023 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA VT450 UT WOS:A1996VT45000014 PM 8933557 ER PT J AU Battaglia, SG Kiser, WR AF Battaglia, SG Kiser, WR TI Day care injuries SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Letter RP Battaglia, SG (reprint author), USN HOSP,DEPT FAMILY PRACTICE,JACKSONVILLE,FL 32214, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD NOV PY 1996 VL 98 IS 5 BP 1005 EP 1005 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA VR466 UT WOS:A1996VR46600033 PM 8909509 ER PT J AU George, C FlippenAnderson, JL Bianco, A Crisma, M Formaggio, F Toniolo, C AF George, C FlippenAnderson, JL Bianco, A Crisma, M Formaggio, F Toniolo, C TI Crystallographic characterization of tryptophan-containing peptide 3(10)-helices SO PEPTIDE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-AMINO-ACIDS; HYDROGEN-BOND DISTANCES; STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS; PREFERRED CONFORMATION; AMINOISOBUTYRIC-ACID; LINEAR OLIGOPEPTIDE; GEOMETRY; ANGLES; PARALLEL; HELICES AB The molecular and crystal structures of four peptides containing one L-Trp guest residue in Aib (alpha-aminoisobutyric acid or C-alpha-methyl alanine) host oligopeptide chains have been determined by X-ray diffraction. The peptides are Z-Aib-L-Trp-Aib-OMe, Z-(Aib)(2)-L-Trp-Aib-OMe, Z-(Aib)(3)-L-Trp-Aib-OtBu and Boc-(Aib)(3)-L-Trp-Aib-OMe. Right-handed beta-turns and incipient and fully developed 3(10)-helices are formed in the crystal state by the tri-, tetra- and pentapeptides, respectively. The Trp residue is easily accommodated in these folded structures. The average geometry and preferred conformation for the Trp indolyl side chain are also discussed. C1 UNIV PADUA,DEPT ORGAN CHEM,CNR,BIOPOLYMER RES CTR,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RI Crisma, Marco/K-6626-2013; OI Crisma, Marco/0000-0003-3552-4106; TONIOLO, CLAUDIO/0000-0002-2327-1423 NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 SN 1040-5704 J9 PEPTIDE RES JI Peptide Res. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 9 IS 6 BP 315 EP 321 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA WJ930 UT WOS:A1996WJ93000010 PM 9048426 ER PT J AU Hess, DW Deisz, JJ Serene, JW AF Hess, DW Deisz, JJ Serene, JW TI Low-energy excitations in an incipient antiferromagnet SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID DIMENSIONAL HUBBARD-MODEL; STATE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB We present fully self-consistent calculations in the fluctuation exchange approximation for the half-filled Hubbard model in two dimensions. A non-Fermi-liquid state evolves with decreasing temperature in this self-consistent model of coupled spin fluctuations and quasiparticles. The mean-field phase transition to long-range antiferromagnetic order is suppressed and we find no evidence of a phase transition to long-range magnetic order. We show that the real part of the self-energy at zero energy shows a positive slope and the imaginary part of the self-energy shows a local minimum. The scale of this structure is set by the zero-temperature gap in mean-field theory. The growth of spin fluctuations is reflected in the evolution of sharply peaked structure in the spin fluctuation propagator around zero energy and Q = (pi, pi). We present calculations for the Hubbard model in one dimension in a two-particle self-consistent parquet approximation. A second-moment sum rule suggests that vertex corrections to the self-energy are responsible for the greater accuracy of the parquet approximation compared with other self-consistent perturbation theories. C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20057. RP Hess, DW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 74 IS 5 BP 457 EP 468 DI 10.1080/01418639608240348 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA VR702 UT WOS:A1996VR70200006 ER PT J AU Rajagopal, AK AF Rajagopal, AK TI Time-dependent variational principle and the effective action in density-functional theory and Berry's phase SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID MAGNUS FORCE; SUPERCONDUCTOR; VORTEX; FLOW; LINE AB An alternative form of the variational principle is set up by defining an action functional which takes explicit account of the time path and thus is different from that used traditionally in time-dependent density-functional theory. This has the attractive feature of not having the formal difficulties in defining the effective potential and the effective interaction as its functional derivatives. Also, the Berry phase, not explicitly found at first sight in a time-dependent density-functional theory, is shown to reside in this action functional. It lies buried as the sum over the individual phases of the occupied states associated with the time-dependent Kohn-Sham orbitals. Some recent work on superconductivity and ferroelectricity in the literature are cited as examples of the Berry-phase considerations developed here. RP Rajagopal, AK (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 13 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV PY 1996 VL 54 IS 5 BP 3916 EP 3922 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.3916 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA VT673 UT WOS:A1996VT67300033 ER PT J AU Liu, X Stamps, RL Sooryakumar, R Prinz, GA AF Liu, X Stamps, RL Sooryakumar, R Prinz, GA TI Spin-wave hybridization and magnetic anisotropies in a thick bcc cobalt film SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERROMAGNETIC-FILMS; LIGHT-SCATTERING; MAGNONS; CO AB Magnetic anisotropies of a 357 Angstrom thick Co film were examined using Brillouin light scattering. The Co has bcc structure, and was found to have a significant fourfold anisotropy in addition to a strong uniaxial anisotropy. This film is one of the thickest bce to structures and we find that the surface and n=1 bulk spin waves have comparable frequencies and are strongly mixed. Unusual behavior of the scattering intensities suggest the possible presence of inhomogeneous internal fields that result in a different dependence for the bulk mode frequencies on field orientation than for the surface mode. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Liu, X (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,174 W 18TH AVE,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. RI Stamps, Robert/E-7304-2011 OI Stamps, Robert/0000-0003-0713-4864 NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 17 BP 11903 EP 11906 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.11903 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VT681 UT WOS:A1996VT68100016 ER PT J AU Jaime, M Salamon, MB Rubinstein, M Treece, RE Horwitz, JS Chrisey, DB AF Jaime, M Salamon, MB Rubinstein, M Treece, RE Horwitz, JS Chrisey, DB TI High-temperature thermopower in La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 films: Evidence for polaronic transport SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETORESISTANCE; RESISTIVITY; OXIDE AB Thermoelectric power, electrical resistivity, and magnetization experiments, performed in the paramagnetic phase of La2/3Ca1/3MnO3, provide evidence for polaron-dominated conduction in colossal magnetoresistance materials. At high temperatures, a large, nearly-field-independent difference between the activation energies for resistivity rho and thermopower S, a characteristic of Holstein polarons, is observed, and Inp ceases to scale with the magnetization. On approaching T-c, both energies become field dependent, indicating that the polarons are magnetically polarized. Below T-c, the thermopower follows a law S(H)similar to 1/rho(H) as in nonsaturated ferromagnetic metals. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Jaime, M (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,1110 W GREEN ST,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. RI Jaime, Marcelo/F-3791-2015 OI Jaime, Marcelo/0000-0001-5360-5220 NR 23 TC 314 Z9 322 U1 4 U2 28 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 17 BP 11914 EP 11917 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.11914 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VT681 UT WOS:A1996VT68100019 ER PT J AU FullerMora, WW AF FullerMora, WW TI Angular dependence of I-c(H) in Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox tapes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANISOTROPY; TEXTURE AB Measurements of the critical current, I-c, as a function of the angle between the applied magnetic field and the face of a Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox tape have been performed. Defining theta as the angle between the basal plane and the magnetic field but perpendicular to the current, the data do not scale well with H sin(theta). For a given value of magnetic field, as theta increases I-c decreases much faster than would be expected from a simple sin(theta) law. This paper shows that other scaling functions, based on the anisotropy of the critical field, fit the data much better over the entire angular range. RP FullerMora, WW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 17 BP 11977 EP 11980 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.11977 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VT681 UT WOS:A1996VT68100036 ER PT J AU Browning, VM Osofsky, MS Byers, JM Ehrlich, AC Dosseul, F AF Browning, VM Osofsky, MS Byers, JM Ehrlich, AC Dosseul, F TI Magnetotransport and magnetism in single-crystal PrBa2CU3O7-delta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; NORMAL STATE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SUPPRESSION; HYBRIDIZATION; TRANSPORT; OXYGEN; PR; TC; GD AB The PrBa2Cu3O7-delta (Pr 123) system is known to exhibit antiferromagnetic ordering of the Cu spins in the Cu-O planes and chains, in addition to the observed antiferromagnetism due to the ordering of the Pr ions. The antiferromagnetism of the Cu-O planes is generally associated with the insulating nature of transport in Pr 123 and electrical conduction is believed to result through ''hopping'' transport between disordered Cu-O chain segments. However, the possible effects of magnetic ordering in the Cu-O chains on transport properties have not been discussed. If the Cu-O chains play a dominant role in the electrical transport (as suggested by many of the popular theories), then the magnetic ordering of the chains should also be seen in the transport properties. We present magnetization and magnetotransport measurements on single crystal Pr 123 samples which suggest that the magnetism associated with the Cu-O chains does indeed mediate transport in this system. These results confirm that the chains play a significant role in the transport properties and underscore the need for further study of the interplay between magnetism and transport in Pr 123. C1 INST NATL SCI APPL,F-31077 TOULOUSE,FRANCE. RP Browning, VM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Osofsky, Michael/A-1050-2010 NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 18 BP 13058 EP 13062 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.13058 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VT682 UT WOS:A1996VT68200066 ER PT J AU Carroll, TL Heagy, JF Pecora, LM AF Carroll, TL Heagy, JF Pecora, LM TI Transforming signals with chaotic synchronization SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS; COMMUNICATION; OSCILLATOR AB We introduce a general technique to alter the properties of chaotic signals used with coupled chaotic systems. The changes we introduce allow one to vary the synchronization properties of synchronized chaotic circuits, synchronize chaotic systems that do not otherwise synchronize, vary the spectral properties of chaotic signals, and produce a variety of chaotic signals from one chaotic circuit. The transformations we study could potentially aid designers of synchronous chaotic circuits, as it is far easier to design new transformations than to design new chaotic circuits. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. OI Carroll, Thomas/0000-0002-2371-2049 NR 21 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD NOV PY 1996 VL 54 IS 5 BP 4676 EP 4680 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.4676 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA VU537 UT WOS:A1996VU53700035 ER PT J AU Fung, YT Chang, SW AF Fung, YT Chang, SW TI Surface and internal signatures of organized vortex motions in stratified fluids SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID WAKES; FLOWS; MODEL AB Internal vortex patterns and the corresponding free surface signatures generated in the late wakes by a submerged sphere moving in a stratified fluid are numerically simulated by a three-dimensional time-dependent model. The flow is assumed to be incompressible and hydrostatic with the Boussinesq approximation. A free surface is included to admit barotropic modes and to investigate the surface signature of internal vortices. The turbulent mixing is modeled using the Smagorinsky formula for horizontal fluxes and a Richardson number closure for vertical fluxes. The numerical techniques include a second-order finite difference scheme with a staggered and stretched grid system. A split-explicit method is used to separately integrate the fast barotropic modes and the slow baroclinic modes in time. This method allows us to economically simulate the time history of the slowly evolving vortices. Preliminary results for the velocity field, the flow pattern, the density distribution, and the induced surface signature are presented. They consistently reveal the existence of coherent structures in the stratified flow field. Sensitivity studies are performed to examine how the depth of submerged objects, the depth of channel floors, and the size of moving objects affect the evolution of the horizontal vortices. A mechanism based on the interaction of the wake vorticity and the buoyancy induced oscillation is proposed for the generation and growth of the horizontal vortices in stratified fluids. The vorticity stretching thus produced in the direction of stratification is responsible for the generation and evolution of concentrated vortices in stratified fluids. This mechanism explains why the horizontal vortices appear long after the initial disturbances generated by a submerged moving body have dissipated, and why they exist only in stratified fluids but not in homogeneous media. In view of the proposed mechanism, the horizontal vortices are buoyancy-induced and a model with the stratification properly represented is required to adequately describe the organized vortex motion in stratified wakes. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP Fung, YT (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD NOV PY 1996 VL 8 IS 11 BP 3023 EP 3056 DI 10.1063/1.869078 PG 34 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA VP367 UT WOS:A1996VP36700021 ER PT J AU Friedman, H Lockhart, LB Blifford, IH AF Friedman, H Lockhart, LB Blifford, IH TI Detecting the Soviet bomb: Joe-1 in a rain barrel SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on the History of the Soviet Atomic Project (40s and 50s) CY 1996 CL DUBNA, RUSSIA C1 NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES,ATMOSPHER AEROSOL PROJECT,BOULDER,CO 80307. RP Friedman, H (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD NOV PY 1996 VL 49 IS 11 BP 38 EP 41 DI 10.1063/1.881547 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VQ892 UT WOS:A1996VQ89200008 ER PT J AU Buono, MJ Borin, TL Sjoholm, NT Hodgdon, JA AF Buono, MJ Borin, TL Sjoholm, NT Hodgdon, JA TI Validity and reliability of a timed 5 km cycle ergometer ride to predict maximum oxygen uptake SO PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article DE exercise; timed cycle ride; fitness AB The purpose of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of a timed 5 km cycle ergometer ride to predict maximum oxygen uptake (V(O2)max). Fifty-two healthy volunteers had their V-O2 max, determined during a maximal treadmill run. They also performed a timed 5 km cycle ergometer ride. The resistance setting for the cycle ride was set at a rate of 0.5 kg/20 kg body weight. A significant inverse relationship was found between the logarithm of cycle time and V-O2 max (r = -0.83). Furthermore, the test-retest reliability for the 5 km ride was determined to be r = 0.93 (n = 20). These results suggest that a timed 5 km cycle ergometer ride is a valid and reliable predictor of V-O2 max. Furthermore, the timed cycle ride offers several methodological advantages which makes it potentially useful in clinical, military, and research settings. C1 SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV,DEPT EXERCISE & NUTR SCI,SAN DIEGO,CA 92182. USN,HLTH RES CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92138. RP Buono, MJ (reprint author), SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92182, USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0967-3334 J9 PHYSIOL MEAS JI Physiol. Meas. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 17 IS 4 BP 313 EP 317 DI 10.1088/0967-3334/17/4/009 PG 5 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical; Physiology SC Biophysics; Engineering; Physiology GA VV472 UT WOS:A1996VV47200009 PM 8953630 ER PT J AU Lappert, PW AF Lappert, PW TI Scarless fetal skin repair: ''Unborn patients'' and ''fetal material'' SO PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Letter RP Lappert, PW (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT PLAST & RECONSTRUCT SURG,PORTSMOUTH,VA 23708, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0032-1052 J9 PLAST RECONSTR SURG JI Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 98 IS 6 BP 1125 EP 1125 DI 10.1097/00006534-199611000-00056 PG 1 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA VQ891 UT WOS:A1996VQ89100052 PM 8911505 ER PT J AU Stone, RC AF Stone, RC TI An accurate method for computing atmospheric refraction SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID ASTRONOMICAL REFRACTION; ASTROMETRY AB This paper describes a method for computing atmospheric refraction that is simple, highly accurate, and usable for wavelengths lambda lambda 3000-10,000 Angstrom. When compared with the Refraction Tables of the Pulkovo Observatory [Albalakin, V. R. 1985 (Leningrad, Nauka)], the computed and Pulkovo refractions are in extremely good agreement (similar to 10 mas or better) for zenith distances under 65 degrees, and at a zenith distance of 75 degrees, the agreement degrades to about similar to 150 mas. Moreover, this refraction is easy to compute, since only knowledge of the meteorological conditions at the observing site (e.g., ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure, and dew point or relative humidity), the apparent zenith distance of the object being observed, and the location of the observing site relative to the Earth's geoid are needed for its calculation. Because of its simplicity and high accuracy, the refraction presented in this paper is well suited for programs where huge amounts of data need to be processed quickly to star positions or for accurately setting automated telescopes. In addition, the refraction for a given telescope passband will differ in a way dependent on the spectrum of the object being observed. This paper describes how a mean refraction, weighting the selective refraction over the passband, can be computed. RP Stone, RC (reprint author), USN OBSERV,FLAGSTAFF STN,POB 1149,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86002, USA. NR 25 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 108 IS 729 BP 1051 EP 1058 DI 10.1086/133831 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VT192 UT WOS:A1996VT19200013 ER PT J AU Gong, J Volakis, JL Wang, HTG AF Gong, J Volakis, JL Wang, HTG TI Efficient finite element simulation of slot antennas using prismatic elements SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 URSI International Symposium on Electromagnetic Theory CY MAY 23-26, 1995 CL SMOLNY INST, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA SP Int Union Radio Sci, St Petersburg Univ HO SMOLNY INST ID ARBITRARY SHAPE; EDGE-ELEMENTS; SCATTERING; SURFACES AB A hybrid finite element-boundary integral (FE-BI) simulation technique to treat narrow slot antennas etched on a planar platform is discussed. Specifically, the prismatic elements are used to reduce the redundant sampling rates and ease the mesh generation process, Numerical results for an antenna slot and frequency selective surfaces are presented in order to demonstrate the validity and capability of the technique. C1 USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. RP Gong, J (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,RADIAT LAB,1301 BEAL AVE,EECS BLDG,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 31 IS 6 BP 1837 EP 1844 DI 10.1029/96RS02423 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA VW106 UT WOS:A1996VW10600048 ER PT J AU Jordan, AK Tamil, LS AF Jordan, AK Tamil, LS TI Inverse scattering theory for optical waveguides and devices: Synthesis from rational and nonrational reflection coefficients SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 URSI International Symposium on Electromagnetic Theory CY MAY 23-26, 1995 CL SMOLNY INST, ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA SP Int Union Radio Sci, St Petersburg Univ HO SMOLNY INST ID WAVE-GUIDES; RENORMALIZATION; DESIGN AB Electromagnetic inverse scattering theory is applied to the synthesis of optical waveguides and devices from specified reflection and transmission characteristics. The permittivity profiles in the inhomogeneous core regions of the devices are reconstructed from their transverse reflection coefficients. Two applications of this theory are demonstrated with examples using specified reflection coefficients: design of a single-mode inhomogeneous optical waveguide and design of an optical logic gate. The previous inverse scattering theory which used reflection coefficients that are rational functions of the transverse wavenumber has been supplemented with an inverse scattering theory that uses nonrational reflection coefficients. This inverse scattering theory uses an iterative discretized space-time finite-difference method with the ''leapfrog'' algorithm. The initial values for the iterative method are obtained from the inverse theory that uses rational function reflection coefficients. The inverse scattering calculations have been verified by finite-difference frequency domain direct scattering techniques. C1 UNIV TEXAS,ERIK JONSSON SCH ENGN & COMP SCI,BROADBAND COMMUN LAB,RICHARDSON,TX 75083. RP Jordan, AK (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Tamil, Lakshman/M-1180-2014 OI Tamil, Lakshman/0000-0003-4523-9376 NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 31 IS 6 BP 1863 EP 1876 DI 10.1029/96RS02501 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA VW106 UT WOS:A1996VW10600051 ER PT J AU Powers, RL Lewandowski, LM Dinger, RJ AF Powers, RL Lewandowski, LM Dinger, RJ TI High frequency surface wave radar - HFSWR SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT&E DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. RP Powers, RL (reprint author), SANDERS,SURVEILLANC SYST DIV,NASHUA,NH, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 37 IS 11 BP 25 EP & PG 7 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA VU755 UT WOS:A1996VU75500005 ER PT J AU Sandy, RJ AF Sandy, RJ TI The Navy's bathymetric databases ... From the sea SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article RP Sandy, RJ (reprint author), USN,OCEANOG OFF,SEAFLOOR DATABASES DIV,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 37 IS 11 BP 53 EP 56 PG 4 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA VU755 UT WOS:A1996VU75500011 ER PT J AU Forchel, A Steffen, R Koch, T Michel, M Albrecht, M Reinecke, TL AF Forchel, A Steffen, R Koch, T Michel, M Albrecht, M Reinecke, TL TI Optical studies of free-standing single InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Winterschool on New Developments in Solid State Physics - Nanostructure Physics and Technology CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SALZBURG, AUSTRIA ID WIRES; GAAS/ALGAAS AB Using electron beam lithography and wet chemical etching we have developed single InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots with diameters between 200 nm and 40 nm. The lithographic definition permits the dot shape as well as the dot size to be controlled. In addition to circular dots, which allow the transition between two- and zero-dimensional systems to be studied, we have fabricated rectangular dots which can be used to study the changeover from one- to zero-dimensional structures. Photoluminescence spectra of the dots show a lateral quantization-induced increase of the bandgap energy as well as emission of higher dot states. The experimental results for the lateral confinement energies can be described well by numerical calculations. The average number of electron-hole pairs in the dot can be derived from different features of the spectre. With decreasing dot diameter we observe a continuous reduction of the luminescence linewidths in our structures. This variation is consistent with a decrease of elastic scattering processes by well widths and compositional fluctuations for reduced dot size. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Forchel, A (reprint author), UNIV WURZBURG,D-97074 WURZBURG,GERMANY. OI Forchel, Alfred/0000-0002-9377-9935 NR 16 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0268-1242 J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH JI Semicond. Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 11 IS 11 SU S BP 1529 EP 1533 DI 10.1088/0268-1242/11/11S/013 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA VW130 UT WOS:A1996VW13000013 ER PT J AU Campbell, PM Snow, ES AF Campbell, PM Snow, ES TI Proximal probe-based fabrication of nanostructures SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Winterschool on New Developments in Solid State Physics - Nanostructure Physics and Technology CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SALZBURG, AUSTRIA ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; NANOMETER-SCALE; SILICON; SURFACES; STM AB We describe a simple and reliable process for the fabrication of nanometre-scale silicon structures by using the local electric field of a proximal probe tip (either an STM or a conducting tip atomic force microscope) to write surface oxide patterns by local anodic oxidation. These oxide patterns can be used as masks for selective etching to transfer the pattern into the substrate. This process has been used to fabricate side-gated Si field effect transistors with critical features as small as 30 nm. Alternatively, this process of anodic oxidation can be used to oxidize completely through thin metal films to make lateral metal-oxide-metal tunnel junctions. RP Campbell, PM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0268-1242 J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH JI Semicond. Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 11 IS 11 SU S BP 1558 EP 1562 DI 10.1088/0268-1242/11/11S/018 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA VW130 UT WOS:A1996VW13000018 ER PT J AU Keenan, FP Foster, VJ Aggarwal, KM Widing, KG AF Keenan, FP Foster, VJ Aggarwal, KM Widing, KG TI Fe XXI emission line ratios as electron temperature diagnostics for the coronae of cool stars SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CARBON ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; SOLAR-FLARES; COLLISION STRENGTHS; XUV OBSERVATIONS; COMPACT FLARE; CA-XV; TRANSITIONS; SPECTRA; IRON; SUN AB Theoretical Fe XXI electron temperature and density sensitive emission line ratios are presented for R(1) = I(2s(2)2p(2 3)P(1) - 2s2p(3 5)S)/I(2s(2)2p(2 3)P(0) - 2s(2)2p(2 3)P(1)) and R(2) = I(2s(2)2p(2 3)P(1) - 2s(2)2p(2 1)S)/I(2s(2)2p(2 3)P(0) - 2s(2)2p(2 3)P(1)). A comparison of these with observational data for the 1973 December 17 solar Barr, obtained by the Naval Research Laboratory's S082A and S082B spectrographs on board Skylab, reveals reasonably good agreement between theory and observation for R(1) [= I(242.07 Angstrom)/I(1354.08 Angstrom)], which provides some support for the accuracy of the atomic data adopted in the line ratio calculations. However, our results for R(2) indicate that the emission feature in flare spectra at 338.06 Angstrom, previously identified as the Fe XXI 2s(2)2p(2 3)P(1) - 2s(2)2p(2 1)S line, is not due to this species but may be the Ca V 3p(4 3)P(1) - 3p(3)3d P-3(2) transition. The potential of using R(1) as an electron temperature diagnostic for the Fe XXI line emitting regions of cool star coronae, through a combination of Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer and Hubble Space Telescope observations, is briefly discussed. C1 UNIV DELHI,DEPT PHYS & ASTROPHYS,DELHI 110007,INDIA. USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC. RP Keenan, FP (reprint author), QUEENS UNIV BELFAST,DEPT PURE & APPL PHYS,BELFAST BT7 1NN,ANTRIM,NORTH IRELAND. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 169 IS 1 BP 47 EP 53 DI 10.1007/BF00153832 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VY869 UT WOS:A1996VY86900003 ER PT J AU Corwin, AL Dai, TC Duc, DD Suu, PI Van, NT Ha, LD Janick, M Kanti, L Sie, A Soderquist, R Graham, R Wignall, SF Hyams, KC AF Corwin, AL Dai, TC Duc, DD Suu, PI Van, NT Ha, LD Janick, M Kanti, L Sie, A Soderquist, R Graham, R Wignall, SF Hyams, KC TI Acute viral hepatitis in Hanoi, Viet Nam SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE hepatitis A; hepatitis B; hepatitis C; hepatitis E; Viet Nam ID HO-CHI-MINH; HIGH-RISK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; VIRUS AB A study of acute hepatitis was conducted in Hanoi, Viet Nam, from January 1993 to February 1995; 188 sera from clinical hepatitis cases were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulin (Ig) M anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV), IgM anti-hepatitis B core antigen (HBc), IgG anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV), IgG anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) and IgM anti-HEV. Additionally, 187 sera from control subjects, matched by age, sex and month of admission, with no recent history of hepatitis, were tested for comparative purposes. There was serological evidence of recent HAV (29%) and hepatitis B virus (24%) infection in 53% of cases (2 mixed infections), compared with 2% of controls. HCV infections were detected in 10% of cases (with no IgM anti-HAV or IgM anti-HBc) and in 1% of control sera. There was no significant difference in the proportion of IgG anti-HEV positive sera between cases (in the absence of IgM anti-HAV or IgM anti-HBc) (21%) and controls (14%); 3% of all case sera were IgM anti-HEV positive. Younger cases (<20 years) were more likely to have recent HAV infections (41%) than those aged greater than or equal to 20 years (21%) (P < 0.01). In contrast, a higher percentage of adult cases had IgM anti-HBc, IgG anti-HCV and IgG anti-HEV (in the absence of recent HAV or HBV infection) than did children. No seasonal trend in hepatitis admissions was detected, nor an association between water-borne infections (HAV and HEV) and the warmer months. Hepatitis patients lived throughout Hanoi and surrounding areas, with no identifiable geographical clustering, regardless of serological marker. C1 BACH MAI HOSP,INST CLIN RES TROP MED,HANOI,VIETNAM. INST PROTECT CHILDRENS HLTH,HANOI,VIETNAM. NATL INST HYG & EPIDEMIOL,HANOI,VIETNAM. ABBOTT LABS,WORLD TRADE CTR,SINGAPORE 099253,SINGAPORE. MCPA,DM PACIFIC HFFA,HONOLULU,HI 96819. USN,MED RES INST,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. RP Corwin, AL (reprint author), USN,MED RES UNIT 2,BOX 3,UNIT 8132,APO,AP 96520, USA. NR 10 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC TROPICAL MEDICINE PI LONDON PA MANSON HOUSE 26 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, ENGLAND W1N 4EY SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 90 IS 6 BP 647 EP 648 DI 10.1016/S0035-9203(96)90418-6 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA WB510 UT WOS:A1996WB51000014 PM 9015503 ER PT J AU Moore, GR AF Moore, GR TI Reproductive hazards: Military policy implications SO WOMENS HEALTH ISSUES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Forum on the Health of Women in the Military - Executive Summary CY JUN 17-19, 1996 CL UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI, BETHESDA, MD HO UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI RP Moore, GR (reprint author), USN,DEPT CLIN AFFAIRS,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1049-3867 J9 WOMEN HEALTH ISS JI Womens Health Iss. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 6 IS 6 BP 363 EP 366 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies GA VY285 UT WOS:A1996VY28500011 PM 9044667 ER PT J AU Moore, J AF Moore, J TI Exercise, conditioning, and fitness as it relates to injury in active-duty women SO WOMENS HEALTH ISSUES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Forum on the Health of Women in the Military - Executive Summary CY JUN 17-19, 1996 CL UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI, BETHESDA, MD HO UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI RP Moore, J (reprint author), USN,DEPT SPORTS MED,CAMP PENDLETON,CA 92055, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1049-3867 J9 WOMEN HEALTH ISS JI Womens Health Iss. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 6 IS 6 BP 374 EP 380 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies GA VY285 UT WOS:A1996VY28500015 PM 9044671 ER PT J AU Urban, JJ Famini, GR AF Urban, JJ Famini, GR TI Conformational analysis - Preface SO THEOCHEM-JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA,EDGEWOOD RES,SCBRD,ASI,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. RP Urban, JJ (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,121 BLAKE RD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 THEOCHEM-J MOL STRUC JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD OCT 30 PY 1996 VL 370 IS 2-3 BP R7 EP R7 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA WD056 UT WOS:A1996WD05600001 ER PT J AU Rosenberg, A Tonucci, RJ Bolden, EA AF Rosenberg, A Tonucci, RJ Bolden, EA TI Photonic band-structure effects in the visible and near ultraviolet observed in solid-state dielectric arrays SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Two-dimensional photonic band-structure effects have been observed in the visible and near-uv regions, between 350 and 800 nm. These effects appear in all-solid-state arrays of glass cylinders in a glass matrix. The arrays have center-to-center nearest-neighbor separations between 0.188 and 0.278 mu m, perfect long-range order, and low refractive index contrast. For light propagating perpendicular to the cylinder axes, very narrow attenuations appear in the transmission spectra as a result of the photonic band structure. The positions of these attenuations are determined by the periodicity, composition, and symmetry of the arrays. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Rosenberg, A (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,OPT PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 12 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 28 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 18 BP 2638 EP 2640 DI 10.1063/1.117543 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VP265 UT WOS:A1996VP26500006 ER PT J AU Henderson, DR AF Henderson, DR TI The case for sweatshops SO FORTUNE LA English DT Article RP Henderson, DR (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93940, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU TIME INC PI NEW YORK PA TIME & LIFE BUILDING ROCKEFELLER CENTER, NEW YORK, NY 10020-1393 SN 0015-8259 J9 FORTUNE JI Fortune PD OCT 28 PY 1996 VL 134 IS 8 BP 48 EP & PG 2 WC Business SC Business & Economics GA VL643 UT WOS:A1996VL64300018 ER PT J AU Yang, JP Qadri, SB Ratna, BR AF Yang, JP Qadri, SB Ratna, BR TI Structural and morphological characterization of PbS nanocrystallites synthesized in the bicontinuous cubic phase of a lipid SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SIZED SEMICONDUCTOR CLUSTERS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SYSTEMS; MONOLAYERS; CHEMISTRY AB We report the synthesis and characterization of monodispersed lead sulfide (PbS) particles with diameters in the range 4-14 nm, using bicontinuous cubic phase as a matrix, It was found, through polarized optical microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering studies, that the viscous isotropic bicontinuous cubic phase continued to exist in the ternary sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (AOT)/water/sodium sulfide (Na2S) system as long as the concentration of aqueous Na2S solution was below 0.5 M, The exposure of this ternary mixture to aqueous 0.40 M lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)(2)) solution led to the formation of PbS nanocrystallites within the mesophase, A series of PbS particulate samples were synthesized, using different concentrations of aqueous Na2S solutions ranging between 0.025 and 0.30 M, extracted from the lipid matrix and capped by thiol molecules. The structure and diameter of the particles were determined from X-ray diffraction studies. The particle size was found to increase linearly with increase in Na2S concentration. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) characterization of monoparticulate-layer samples, prepared by Langmuir-Blodgett technique showed PbS particles of uniform size when the concentration of Na2S solution was lower than 0.10 M. High-resolution TEM revealed the particles to be crystalline with no stacking fault. The monodispersity of the particles was lost for Na2S concentration >0.20 M and the larger particles showed cubic morphology. Absorption spectra showed blue shift with decreasing size, with no excitonic peaks. C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. GEORGETOWN UNIV,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. NR 21 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD OCT 24 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 43 BP 17255 EP 17259 DI 10.1021/jp961366u PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VP261 UT WOS:A1996VP26100026 ER PT J AU Gaberson, HA AF Gaberson, HA TI On the problem of oscillating walk of washing machines - Comments SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Letter RP Gaberson, HA (reprint author), USN,FACIL ENGN SERV CTR,CODE 60,PORT HUENEME,CA 93043, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD OCT 24 PY 1996 VL 197 IS 2 BP 251 EP 251 DI 10.1006/jsvi.1996.0528 PG 1 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA VP294 UT WOS:A1996VP29400007 ER PT J AU Ray, PS Thorsett, SE Jenet, FA vanKerkwijk, MH Kulkarni, SR Prince, TA Sandhu, JS Nice, DJ AF Ray, PS Thorsett, SE Jenet, FA vanKerkwijk, MH Kulkarni, SR Prince, TA Sandhu, JS Nice, DJ TI A survey for millisecond pulsars SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries, close; pulsars, general; surveys ID RADIO PULSARS; CYGNUS LOOP; BINARY; ARECIBO; SYSTEMS; MASSES AB We have searched 960 square degrees of sky for radio pulsars, using the 305 m telescope at Arecibo, Puerto Rico. The 430 MHz survey reached a limiting sensitivity for slow pulsars of 0.7 mJy using a dual-polarization, 32 channel filter bank over 8 MHz of bandwidth. We have detected one new millisecond pulsar, 11 new slow pulsars, one previously known millisecond pulsar, and eight previously known slow pulsars. The new millisecond pulsar, PSR J2033+17, with a period of 5.9 ms, has been found to be in a binary system. The Keplerian circular orbital solution has a period of 56.2 days and a semimajor axis of 20.7 lt-s. One of the slow pulsars, PSR J2043+2740, is the second fastest pulsar that is not either recycled or associated with a supernova remnant. It is near the Cygnus Loop remnant, but timing measurements imply a pulsar characteristic age of 1.2 Myr, which makes an association unlikely. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,JOSEPH HENRY LABS,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. CALTECH,DIV PHYS MATH & ASTRON,PASADENA,CA 91125. CALTECH,OWENS VALLEY RADIO OBSERV,PASADENA,CA 91125. NATL RADIO ASTRON OBSERV,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903. RP Ray, PS (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,CODE 7213,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 NR 32 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 20 PY 1996 VL 470 IS 2 BP 1103 EP 1110 DI 10.1086/177934 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VM998 UT WOS:A1996VM99800037 ER PT J AU Emslie, AG Henoux, JC Mariska, JT Newton, EK AF Emslie, AG Henoux, JC Mariska, JT Newton, EK TI The viability of energetic protons as an agent for atmospheric heating during the impulsive phase of solar flares SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE sun, flares ID HARD X-RAY; BREMSSTRAHLUNG PRODUCTION; LY-ALPHA; ELECTRON; HYDROGEN; BEAM; POLARIZATION; DIAGNOSTICS; ABUNDANCES; SPECTRA AB Recent observations of gamma-ray line intensities in solar flares results have led to the suggestion that the energy content in accelerated protons may rival that of accelerated electrons. However, simply having a large energy content in accelerated protons is not sufficient to ensure an important role for protons in driving the response of the atmosphere to flare energy input: a viable model must also deposit a large fraction of the particle energy at the top of the chromosphere to account for the large increase in soft X-ray emission measure that characterizes the main phase of a flare. While hard X-ray producing electrons indeed deposit a sufficient amount of energy at the appropriate depths in the atmosphere, only protons with a characteristic energy of order 1 MeV do likewise. It is intriguing that a characteristic energy of just this value has been obtained through independent analysis of gamma-ray line intensities. However, it must be noted that protons of this energy do not have a signature in hard X-rays, leading us to conclude that a substantial fraction of the flare energy budget must still reside in deka-keV electrons. In order to complete the global energetic picture, further corroborating observational diagnostics for MeV protons are desirable. In this Letter, we discuss such suitable observations. C1 OBSERV PARIS,CNRS,DASOP,URA 326,F-92195 MEUDON,FRANCE. USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT PHYS,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899. RP Emslie, AG (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT PHYS,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899, USA. NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 20 PY 1996 VL 470 IS 2 BP L131 EP L134 DI 10.1086/310305 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VM999 UT WOS:A1996VM99900014 ER PT J AU Campillo, AJ Eversole, JD Lin, HB AF Campillo, AJ Eversole, JD Lin, HB TI A spectroscopic tour through the liquid aerosol interface: Implications for atmospheric chemistry - Comment SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID MORPHOLOGY-DEPENDENT RESONANCES; STIMULATED RAMAN-SCATTERING; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; MIE SCATTERING; MICRODROPLETS; DROPLET; LASER; EMISSION; WATER; FLUORESCENCE AB Our data contradicts the claim of Zhang et. al. [1994] that water droplets fro RP Campillo, AJ (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, CODE 5610, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD OCT 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D17 BP 23053 EP 23058 DI 10.1029/96JD02158 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VN184 UT WOS:A1996VN18400028 ER PT J AU Katona, TM Pierson, SW AF Katona, TM Pierson, SW TI Zero-field current-voltage characteristics in high-temperature superconductors SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article DE current-voltage characteristics; I-T phase diagram ID KOSTERLITZ-THOULESS TRANSITION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; THIN-FILMS; 2-DIMENSIONAL VORTEX; PHASE FLUCTUATIONS; COULOMB-GAS; VORTICES AB Zero-field current-voltage (I-V) data from a variety of samples of various high-temperature superconductors are re-analyzed to test the recently proposed current-temperature (I-T) phase diagram [S.W. Pierson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 (1995) 2359]. It is found that the I-V curves are well-described by this phase diagram. Furthermore, because the slopes of the various phase lines can be related to the effective interlayer coupling, it is shown that the I-T phase diagram provides a convenient framework in which to characterize samples. We discuss how the structure of the I-T phase diagram can be further tested and how more can be learned about these materials by probing parts of the I-T phase space which most experiments have neglected. Finally, further details of the I-T phase space are discussed. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. WORCESTER POLYTECH INST,DEPT PHYS,WORCESTER,MA 01609. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT 20 PY 1996 VL 270 IS 3-4 BP 242 EP 248 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(96)00521-7 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VR460 UT WOS:A1996VR46000006 ER PT J AU Duncan, JH Milligan, CD Zhang, S AF Duncan, JH Milligan, CD Zhang, S TI On the interaction between a bubble and a submerged compliant structure SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article ID CAVITATION BUBBLES; TRANSIENT CAVITIES; FREE-SURFACE; BOUNDARIES; COLLAPSE; GROWTH AB The interaction between a growing and collapsing bubble and two types of compliant structures is explored numerically. The fluid motion is modelled as a potential flow and computed using a boundary element method. The structure is modelled with linear elastic theory and its response is computed using a finite element method. The fluid and structural models are coupled by matching the pressure and the normal component of the velocity at the fluid-structure interface using non-linear boundary conditions. The first type of compliant structure is a rigid wall covered by a composite coating. These calculations simulate the experiments of Shima et al. [1]. It is found that when the mass per unit area of the coating is large, the bubble moves toward the coating, while when the mass per unit area is small, the bubble moves away from the coating. The numerical results on bubble collapse height (the height above the wall at which the north and south poles of the bubble meet at the end of the calculation) are in good agreement with the experimental results and represent a significant improvement over past attempts to simulate this phenomenon. The distribution of mass through the thickness of the coating is found to be an important factor in the fluid-structure interaction. The second compliant structure is a neutrally buoyant, submerged, spherical shell. The effect of the initial distance between the shell and the bubble and the shell diameter and stiffness on the fluid-structure interaction is explored. It is found that for small initial distances between the bubble and the shell, the bubble moves toward the shell, while the shell moves away from the bubble as the bubble grows and toward the bubble as the bubble collapses. Both the rigid body motion and the deformation of the shell are larger for the smaller shells. For the range of geometries and shell properties considered, it is found that the bubble motion is affected more by the rigid body motion of the shell than the deformation of the shell. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited C1 USN, CTR SURFACE WARFARE, CARDEROCK DIV, BETHESDA, MD 20084 USA. SAIC, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401 USA. RP UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT MECH ENGN, COLLEGE PK, MD 20742 USA. NR 30 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X EI 1095-8568 J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD OCT 17 PY 1996 VL 197 IS 1 BP 17 EP 44 DI 10.1006/jsvi.1996.0515 PG 28 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA VM954 UT WOS:A1996VM95400002 ER PT J AU Newton, JA Pepper, PV AF Newton, JA Pepper, PV TI Relapsing fever SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Newton, JA (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,PORTSMOUTH,VA 23708, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD OCT 17 PY 1996 VL 335 IS 16 BP 1197 EP 1197 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VN401 UT WOS:A1996VN40100005 PM 8815942 ER PT J AU George, C Purdy, AP AF George, C Purdy, AP TI Bis(tert-butylthiolato-S)germanium-imide trimer SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID 1ST AB The cyclic germanium (IV) imide thiolate, cyclo-tri-mu-imido-tris[bis(tert-butylthiolato-S)germanium], [Ge-3{(CH3)(3)CS}(6)(NH)(3)], was synthesized and its absolute structure determined. The six-membered ring formed by the trimer has a greater non-planarity than the only other reported Ge-IV-imide trimer. The Ge-N ring distances range from 1.755(13) to 1.829(12) Angstrom and average 1.807 Angstrom. The Ge-S distances range from 2.171(4) to 2.272(5) Angstrom and average 2.218 Angstrom. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP George, C (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-2701 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR C JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C-Cryst. Struct. Commun. PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 52 BP 2489 EP 2491 DI 10.1107/S0108270196007822 PN 10 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA VQ629 UT WOS:A1996VQ62900045 ER PT J AU Hyde, RW Geigel, EJ Utell, MJ Krasney, JA Frampton, MW AF Hyde, RW Geigel, EJ Utell, MJ Krasney, JA Frampton, MW TI Determination of production of nitric oxide (NO) by the lungs of humans. SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV ROCHESTER,DEPT MED,ROCHESTER,NY. USN,DEPT PHYSIOL,BUFFALO,NY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 3486 EP 3486 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11903476 ER PT J AU Huba, JD AF Huba, JD TI The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability: Finite Larmor radius magnetohydrodynamics SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID KINETIC SIMULATION; VELOCITY-SHEAR; MAGNETOPAUSE; PLASMA; VENUS AB A preliminary theoretical and computational study of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in an inhomogeneous plasma is presented using finite Larmor radius magnetohydrodynamic (FLR MI-ID) theory. We show that FLR effects (1) can increase or decrease the linear growth rate, (2) cause the nonlinear evolution to be asymmetric, and (3) allow plasma 'blobs' to detach from the boundary layer. The asymmetric growth and nonlinear evolution depend on the sign of B .Omega where B is the magnetic field and Omega = del x V is the vorticity. The simulation results are qualitatively consistent with the hybrid simulations of Thomas and Winske (1991, 1993) and Thomas (1995). These results suggest that FLR MHD can capture important physical processes on length scales approaching the ion Larmor radius. RP Huba, JD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,CODE 6790,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 22 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 21 BP 2907 EP 2910 DI 10.1029/96GL02767 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VM610 UT WOS:A1996VM61000011 ER PT J AU Chandra, S Froidevaux, L Waters, JW White, OR Rottman, GJ Prinz, DK Brueckner, GE AF Chandra, S Froidevaux, L Waters, JW White, OR Rottman, GJ Prinz, DK Brueckner, GE TI Ozone variability in the upper stratosphere during the declining phase of the solar cycle 22 SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; RECENT TRENDS; NIMBUS-7; INSTRUMENT; MODEL; SBUV AB Recent studies of the solar cycle variation of ozone have shown that the response of ozone in the upper stratosphere to solar UV variation, as inferred from the SBUV (Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet) type measurements, is about a factor of two greater than estimated from 2-D photochemical models. Because of potential errors in accounting for the long term instrument drift in the SBUV type of measurements, the significance of this discrepancy is difficult to quantify. In this paper, ozone measurements from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and the solar irradiance measurements from the Solar Stellar Irradiance Comparison Experiment (SOLSTICE) and the Solar Ultraviolet Irradiance Monitor (SUSIM) onboard the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) are analyzed to estimate the upper stratosphere ozone response to changes in the solar UV irradiance. During the three year period of UARS measurements, analyzed here for the declining phase of the solar cycle 22, the solar irradiance in the 200-205 nm range decreased by about 5 % from a near solar maximum to a near solar minimum level. During the same period, ozone mixing ratio measured from the MLS instrument decreased by about 2-4 % in the 0.7-3 hPa region. In the upper stratosphere, the general characateristics of the MLS time series are similar to those inferred from the NOAA-11 SBUV/2 measurements. The SBUV/2 trends above 1.5 hPa, however, are significantly greater than those derived from the MLS data. The UARS data suggest that the long term solar UV response of ozone in the upper stratosphere is underestimated by 2-D photochemical models as in previous studies based on the SBUV type measurements. C1 CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA. NCAR,HIGH ALTITUDE OBSERV,BOULDER,CO. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Chandra, S (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,CODE 916,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA. NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 21 BP 2935 EP 2938 DI 10.1029/96GL02760 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VM610 UT WOS:A1996VM61000018 ER PT J AU Jacobs, GA Mitchell, JL AF Jacobs, GA Mitchell, JL TI Ocean circulation variations associated with the Antarctic circumpolar wave SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MISSION AB Altimeter data analysis indicates persistent sea surface height (SSH) anomalies propagating eastward about the Antarctic continent. The spatial and temporal characteristics match variations in the atmosphere and sea surface temperature (SST) that are associated with the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave (ACW). During the observation time period, the SSH appears quasiperiodic with a dominant 4 year period and 180 degrees longitude wavelength. Thus, the SSH signature of the ACW appears as two anomalies on opposite sides of the Antarctic continent propagating eastward at 10 cm/s. The SSH response to observed wind forcing agrees in terms of amplitude and phase with simple quasigeostrophic dynamics. RP Jacobs, GA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7323,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. RI Jacobs, Gregg/C-1456-2008 NR 12 TC 82 Z9 88 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 21 BP 2947 EP 2950 DI 10.1029/96GL02492 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VM610 UT WOS:A1996VM61000021 ER PT J AU Murphy, DP Myers, MC Weidman, DJ Antoniades, JA Fernsler, RF Meger, RA AF Murphy, DP Myers, MC Weidman, DJ Antoniades, JA Fernsler, RF Meger, RA TI Use of an active wire B-theta cell for electron beam conditioning SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The propagation of intense, relativistic electron beams in air is subject to the resistive hose instability. Conditioning the beam prior to injecting it into the air can extend its range by reducing the hose growth rate and by reducing the initial spatial perturbations that seed the hose instability. Experiments have been performed using the SuperIBEX accelerator (I-peak=10-30 kA, E=4.5 MeV, 40 ns full width at half-maximum) to develop conditioning cells that suppress the hose. This paper describes the performance of an active wire B-theta cell that is used in conjunction with an ion focused regime (IFR) cell. The IFR cell detunes the instability by producing a head-to-tail radius taper on the beam. The wire eel maintains this radius taper while producing an emittance taper that is necessary to suppress the hose growth. In addition, the wire cell reduces the initial beam perturbations through the anharmonic centering force associated with the wire current and its azimuthal magnetic field B-theta. The ability of the B-theta cell to reduce the beam offset with a minimal increase in the beam radius gives it several advantages over the use of a simple, thick scattering foil to perform the radius taper to emittance taper conversion. The SuperIBEX beam propagation distance, in terms of the betatron oscillation scale length, was extended to similar to 10 lambda(beta) using these cells. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 NICOLET IMAGING SYST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92121. RP Murphy, DP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 8 BP 4249 EP 4257 DI 10.1063/1.363384 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VM272 UT WOS:A1996VM27200001 ER PT J AU Myers, MC Fernsler, RF Meger, RA Antoniades, JA Murphy, DP Hubbard, RF AF Myers, MC Fernsler, RF Meger, RA Antoniades, JA Murphy, DP Hubbard, RF TI Emittance tailoring of electron beams for propagation in dense gas SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ION-FOCUSED REGIME; HOSE INSTABILITY; TRANSPORT; SIMULATION; CHANNEL; CELLS AB An intense relativistic electron beam injected into dense gas characteristically propagates in a self-pinched mode but is susceptible to the resistive hose instability. This convective instability typically leads to large amplitude beam motion and the disruption of propagation. Theory and computation suggest that, although resistive hose cannot be completely suppressed, its convective growth can be reduced by varying the average betatron oscillation frequency from head to tail in the beam pulse. We report here on experiments designed to implement this variation by tailoring the beam emittance using an ion-focused regime ''conditioning'' cell. Conditioning effectiveness is assessed by using measured beam quantities to evaluate a detuning parameter eta(t). This information is correlated with beam propagation measurements to determine the optimum conditioning for resistive hose suppression. RP Myers, MC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 8 BP 4258 EP 4267 DI 10.1063/1.363385 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VM272 UT WOS:A1996VM27200002 ER PT J AU Walters, RJ Messenger, SR Cotal, HL Summers, GP AF Walters, RJ Messenger, SR Cotal, HL Summers, GP TI Annealing of irradiated epitaxial InP solar cells SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LEVEL TRANSIENT SPECTROSCOPY; P-TYPE INP AB The annealing behavior of electron, proton, and alpha particle irradiated, epitaxial n(+)p InP solar cells has been characterized using several techniques. Current-voltage measurements were made under simulated 1 sun, AM0 solar illumination and in the dark. The radiation-induced defect spectra were monitored using deep level transient spectroscopy and the base carrier concentration profiles were determined through capacitance-voltage measurements. The irradiated cells were annealed at temperatures ranging from 300 up to 500 K. Some cells were annealed while under illumination at short circuit while others were annealed in the dark. These experiments produced essentially the same results independent of illumination and independent of the irradiating particle. An annealing stage was observed between 400 and 500 K, in which the radiation-induced defects labeled H3 and H4 were removed and the carrier concentration recovered slightly, Concurrently there was a small reduction in the junction recombination current and a slight increase in the photovoltaic (PV) output of the cell; however, most of the radiation-induced defects did not anneal, and the overall PV recovery was very small. A full analysis of the annealing data is given, and a model for the radiation response and annealing behavior of the cells is presented. The results are compared to those reported previously for irradiated, diffused junction InP solar cells. Although the radiation-induced degradation mechanisms appear to be essentially the same in the two eel types, the recovery of the PV output is found to be quite different. This difference in cell recovery is explained in terms of the defect annealing characteristics in the individual cell types. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. UNIV MARYLAND BALTIMORE CTY,DEPT PHYS,BALTIMORE,MD 21228. RP Walters, RJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6615,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 8 BP 4315 EP 4321 DI 10.1063/1.363380 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VM272 UT WOS:A1996VM27200010 ER PT J AU Chow, GM Markowitz, MA Rayne, R Dunn, DN Singh, A AF Chow, GM Markowitz, MA Rayne, R Dunn, DN Singh, A TI Phospholipid mediated synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE phospholipid; Au nanoparticle; HRTEM; multiple twinning; dispersion ID INTRAVESICULAR PRECIPITATION; PARTICLES; SUBMICROMETER; VESICLES; SILVER; OXIDE AB Nanoscale Au particles were synthesized by the reduction of gold (III) chloride involving phospholipid membranes with bound Pd catalysts. The membrane bound Pd catalysts facilitated the reduction of An ions by hypophosphite. The synthesized An powders were freeze-dried and subsequently dispersed in water. The particles were studied using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The yield of Au powder was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. The nanoscale particles had a mixed-size distribution, and many were multiply twinned. The dispersion property of the Au particles during the synthesis was attributed to the thermal disordering of the phospholipid mixture, which became more effective as a dispersant with increasing temperature during the precipitation of Au particles. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 USN, RES LAB, DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. USN, RES LAB, DIV CHEM, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP Chow, GM (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, LAB MOL INTERFACIAL INTERACT, CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN, CODE 6930, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 30 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 EI 1095-7103 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 183 IS 1 BP 135 EP 142 DI 10.1006/jcis.1996.0527 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VV314 UT WOS:A1996VV31400017 ER PT J AU Miao, MS VanCamp, PE VanDoren, VE Ladik, JJ Mintmire, JW AF Miao, MS VanCamp, PE VanDoren, VE Ladik, JJ Mintmire, JW TI Conformation and electronic structure of polyethylene: A density-functional approach SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; TIGHT-BINDING APPROXIMATION; POLYMERS; ABINITIO; POLYACETYLENE; SYSTEMS AB Two different local-density approximations, the Gaspar-Kohn-Sham and the Perdew-Zunger approximations, of the density-functional method have been used to calculate structural and electronic properties of polyethylene systems with several different dihedral angles. For each system, the CC bond lengths and the CCC and HCH bond angles are optimized simultaneously. Ail the parameters appear to be strongly coupled with torsional freedom and vary with the change in dihedral angle in a pattern similar to that of the total energy. The total energy has an absolute minimum for the planar zigzag conformation but a distinct local minimum for the quasistable helical conformation. another minimum occurs in the energy curve close to this gauche minimum. The calculated valence and conduction bands are discussed and compared with other theoretical calculations and experiment. C1 UNIV ERLANGEN NURNBERG, INST THEORET PHYS, D-8520 ERLANGEN, GERMANY. USN, RES LAB, DIV CHEM, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP UNIV ANTWERP, RIJKSUNIV CTR ANTWERP, DEPT PHYS, GROENENBORGERLAAN 171, B-2020 ANTWERP, BELGIUM. OI Mintmire, John/0000-0002-6551-0349 NR 41 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 15 BP 10430 EP 10435 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.10430 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VT674 UT WOS:A1996VT67400046 ER PT J AU Weitering, HH Shi, X Erwin, SC AF Weitering, HH Shi, X Erwin, SC TI Band dispersions of the pi-bonded-chain reconstruction of Si(111)3x1-Li: A critical evaluation of theory and experiment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; (ROOT(3)X-ROOT(3)R30-DEGREES AG/SI(111) SURFACE; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATIONS; TRANS-POLYACETYLENE; STRUCTURAL MODEL; PHOTOEMISSION; NA; SI(111)-(7X7); SI(111)2X1 AB The surface-state band-structure of the three-domain Si(111) 3 x 1-Li reconstruction has been determined using angle-resolved photoemission. Experimental band dispersions are compared to theoretical calculations for the extended Pandey model and the Seiwatz model. Even though the extended Pandey model is favored on the basis of scanning tunneling microscopy and total-energy considerations, the calculated surface states are inconsistent with experiment. The calculated states for the Seiwatz model are consistent with the experimental dispersion along the main symmetry direction (<(Gamma)over bar> (A) over bar) but serious discrepancies exist in other parts of the Brillouin zone. The disparity between the density-functional-theory calculations and experiment indicate that exchange and correlation in pi-bonded Si chains may need to be analyzed beyond the mean-field band-structure approach. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Weitering, HH (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. RI Erwin, Steven/B-1850-2009 NR 51 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 15 BP 10585 EP 10592 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.10585 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VT674 UT WOS:A1996VT67400061 ER PT J AU Aleshin, AN Mironkov, NB Suvorov, AV Conklin, JA Su, TM Kaner, RB AF Aleshin, AN Mironkov, NB Suvorov, AV Conklin, JA Su, TM Kaner, RB TI Transport properties of ion-implanted and chemically doped polyaniline films SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; THERMAL-PROPERTIES; SI-B; POLYMERS; POLYIMIDE AB The low-temperature de conductivity and magnetoconductivity of ion-implanted (Ar+) and chemically doped (H2SO4) polyaniline films have been studied. The metal-insulator transition has been observed for ion-implanted polyaniline films on increasing the irradiation dose to 3x10(17) ions cm(-2). The maximum values of the room-temperature conductivity reached 800 S cm(-1) for ion-implanted and 8 S cm(-1) far chemically doped polyaniline films. In both cases, for samples on the insulator side of the metal-insulator transition, sigma(T)=sigma(0)exp[-[T-0/T](m)], where m similar to 0.5, whereas for the most heavily ion-implanted polyaniline films sigma(T similar to-T at T>20 K; the minimum in the sigma(T) occurs at T similar to 20 K and a negative magnetoconductance Delta sigma(H,T)similar to H-2 has been observed. It is shown that electron-electron Coulomb interactions play an important role in charge-carrier transport in ion-implanted polyaniline films near the metal-insulator transition. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT CHEM, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, BIOCHEM & SOLID STATE SCI CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095 USA. RP RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, AF IOFFE PHYSICOTECH INST, ST PETERSBURG 194021, RUSSIA. RI Aleshin, Andrey/C-7815-2014 NR 33 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 16 BP 11638 EP 11643 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.11638 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VT675 UT WOS:A1996VT67500092 ER PT J AU Nedlin, GM Chubb, SR Cooper, AL AF Nedlin, GM Chubb, SR Cooper, AL TI Nonlinear coherent multiwave modes: Universal integrals of motion and effective Hamiltonian SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB It is shown that a resonant nonlinear interaction of waves may result in a variety of collective multiwave modes of coherent resonantly coupled waves. The equations of motion for the modes have a universal set of integrals (''collision constants'') reflecting a ''particle balance'' (in quantum-mechanical terms) in wave collisions. The existence of these integrals ensures that the collective modes are completely integrable. Any multiwave mode can be described by an effective single degree of freedom conservative Hamiltonian, similar to the one known for three-wave coherent modes (triads). RP Nedlin, GM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 14 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 16 BP 3267 EP 3271 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3267 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VM032 UT WOS:A1996VM03200001 ER PT J AU Snyder, JE Harris, VG Koon, NC Sui, X Kryder, MH AF Snyder, JE Harris, VG Koon, NC Sui, X Kryder, MH TI Local structure of the amorphous precursor to Ba-hexaferrite thin films: An anisotropic octahedral Fe-O glass network SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Anisotropic local structure has been observed around both the Fe and Ba ions in the amorphous precursor to Ba-hexaferrite thin films, using, polarization-dependent extended x-ray-absorption fine structure. This anisotropic local structure, consisting mainly of a network of Fe-O octahedra, determines the orientation of the fast-growing basal planes. during crystallization, and thus the directions of the c axes and the resulting magnetic anisotropy. C1 KOMAG,MILPITAS,CA 95035. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,CTR DATA STORAGE SYST,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. RP Snyder, JE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6342,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Harris, Vincent/A-8337-2009 NR 12 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 14 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 16 BP 3383 EP 3386 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3383 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VM032 UT WOS:A1996VM03200029 ER PT J AU Shier, LM Rieke, MJ Rieke, GH AF Shier, LM Rieke, MJ Rieke, GH TI Obscured active galactic nuclei in luminous infrared galaxies SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies, active; galaxies, evolution; galaxies, starburst; galaxies, stellar content; infrared, galaxies; quasars, general ID STELLAR VELOCITY DISPERSION; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; STARBURST GALAXIES; MERGING GALAXIES; STAR-FORMATION; INTERACTING GALAXIES; SPIRAL GALAXIES; IRAS GALAXIES; MOLECULAR GAS; RADIO-SOURCES AB We examine the nature of the central power source in very luminous infrared galaxies. The infrared properties of the galaxies, including their far-infrared and 2.2 mu m fluxes, CO indices, and Brackett line fluxes are compared to models of starburst stellar populations. Among seven galaxies we found two dominated by emission from young stars, two dominated by emission from an AGN, and three transition cases. Our results are consistent with evidence for active nuclei in the same galaxies at other wavelengths. Nuclear mass measurements obtained for the galaxies indicate an initial mass function biased toward high-mass stars in two galaxies. After demonstrating our methods in well-studied galaxies, we define complete samples of high luminosity and ultraluminous galaxies. We find that the space density of embedded and unembedded quasars in the local universe is similar for objects of similar luminosity. If quasars evolve from embedded sources to optically prominent objects, it appears that the lifetime of a quasar is no more than about 10(8) yr. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,STEWARD OBSERV,TUCSON,AZ 85721. RP Shier, LM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,CODE 7217,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 71 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 10 PY 1996 VL 470 IS 1 BP 222 EP 236 DI 10.1086/177863 PN 1 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VL723 UT WOS:A1996VL72300019 ER PT J AU Crenshaw, DM RodriguezPascual, PM Penton, SV Edelson, RA Alloin, D Ayres, TR Clavel, J Horne, K Johnson, WN Kaspi, S Korista, KT Kriss, GA Krolik, JH Malkan, MA Maoz, D Netzer, H OBrien, PT Peterson, BM Reichert, GA Shull, JM Ulrich, MH Wamsteker, W Warwick, RS Yaqoob, T Balonek, TJ Barr, P Bromage, GE Carini, M Carone, TE Cheng, FZ Chuvaev, KK Dietrich, M Doroshenko, VT DultzinHacyan, D Filippenko, AV Gaskell, CM Glass, IS Goad, MR Hutchings, J Kazanas, D Kollatschny, W Koratkar, AP Laor, A Leighly, K Lyutyi, VM MacAlpine, GM Malkov, YF Martin, PG McCollum, B Merkulova, NI Metik, L Metlov, VG Miller, HR Morris, SL Oknyanskij, VL Penfold, J Perez, E Perola, GC Pike, G Pogge, RW Pronik, I Pronik, VI Ptak, RL RecondoGonzalez, MC RodriguezEspinoza, JM Rokaki, EL Roland, J Sadun, AC Salamanca, I SantosLleo, M Sergeev, SG Smith, SM Snijders, MAJ Sparke, LS Stirpe, GM Stoner, RE Sun, WH vanGroningen, E Wagner, RM Wagner, S Wanders, I Welsh, WF Weymann, RJ Wilkes, BJ Zheng, W AF Crenshaw, DM RodriguezPascual, PM Penton, SV Edelson, RA Alloin, D Ayres, TR Clavel, J Horne, K Johnson, WN Kaspi, S Korista, KT Kriss, GA Krolik, JH Malkan, MA Maoz, D Netzer, H OBrien, PT Peterson, BM Reichert, GA Shull, JM Ulrich, MH Wamsteker, W Warwick, RS Yaqoob, T Balonek, TJ Barr, P Bromage, GE Carini, M Carone, TE Cheng, FZ Chuvaev, KK Dietrich, M Doroshenko, VT DultzinHacyan, D Filippenko, AV Gaskell, CM Glass, IS Goad, MR Hutchings, J Kazanas, D Kollatschny, W Koratkar, AP Laor, A Leighly, K Lyutyi, VM MacAlpine, GM Malkov, YF Martin, PG McCollum, B Merkulova, NI Metik, L Metlov, VG Miller, HR Morris, SL Oknyanskij, VL Penfold, J Perez, E Perola, GC Pike, G Pogge, RW Pronik, I Pronik, VI Ptak, RL RecondoGonzalez, MC RodriguezEspinoza, JM Rokaki, EL Roland, J Sadun, AC Salamanca, I SantosLleo, M Sergeev, SG Smith, SM Snijders, MAJ Sparke, LS Stirpe, GM Stoner, RE Sun, WH vanGroningen, E Wagner, RM Wagner, S Wanders, I Welsh, WF Weymann, RJ Wilkes, BJ Zheng, W TI Multiwavelength observations of short-timescale variability in NGC 4151 .1. Ultraviolet observations SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies, active; galaxies, individual (NGC 4151); galaxies, Seyfert; ultraviolet, galaxies ID BROAD-LINE REGION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; X-RAY; DETAILED OBSERVATIONS; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; OPTICAL WAVELENGTHS; NGC-4151; IUE; NGC-5548; SIZE AB We present the results of an intensive ultraviolet monitoring campaign on the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4151, as part of an effort to study its short-timescale variability over a broad range in wavelength. The nucleus of NGC 4151 was observed continuously with the International Ultraviolet Explorer for 9.3 days, yielding a pair of LWP and SWP spectra every similar to 70 minutes, and during 4 hr periods for 4 days prior to and 5 days after the continuous-monitoring period. The sampling frequency of the observations is an order of magnitude higher than that of any previous UV monitoring campaign on a Seyfert galaxy. The continuum fluxes in bands from 1275 to 2688 Angstrom went through four significant and well-defined ''events'' of duration 2-3 days during the continuous-monitoring period. We find that the amplitudes of the continuum variations decrease with increasing wavelength, which extends a general trend for this and other Seyfert galaxies to smaller timescales (i.e., a few days). The continuum variations in all the UV bands are simultaneous to within an accuracy of similar to 0.15 days, providing a strict constraint on continuum models. The emission-line light curves show only one major event during the continuous monitoring (a slow rise followed by a shallow dip) and do not correlate well with continuum light curves over the short duration of the campaign, because the timescale for continuum variations is apparently smaller than the response times of the emission lines. C1 EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY, IUE OBSERV, E-28080 MADRID, SPAIN. UNIV COLORADO, CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE ASTRON, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. UNIV IOWA, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, IOWA CITY, IA 52242 USA. OBSERV PARIS, CNRS, URA 173, F-92195 MEUDON, FRANCE. ESTEC, EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY, DIV ASTROPHYS, ISO OBSERV, NL-2200 AG NOORDWIJK, NETHERLANDS. UNIV ST ANDREWS, SCH PHYS & ASTRON, ST ANDREWS KY16 9SS, FIFE, SCOTLAND. USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. TEL AVIV UNIV, RAYMOND & BEVERLY SACKLER FAC EXACT SCI, SCH PHYS & ASTRON, IL-69978 TEL AVIV, ISRAEL. TEL AVIV UNIV, RAYMOND & BEVERLY SACKLER FAC EXACT SCI, WISE OBSERV, IL-69978 TEL AVIV, ISRAEL. UNIV KENTUCKY, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, LEXINGTON, KY 40506 USA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, BLOOMBERG CTR, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT ASTRON, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV OXFORD, DEPT ASTRON, OXFORD OX1 3RH, ENGLAND. OHIO STATE UNIV, DEPT ASTRON, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA. UNIV COLORADO, JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. UNIV COLORADO, NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, GERMANY. Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, ENGLAND. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lab High Energy Astrophys, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Colgate Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, NY 13346 USA. Univ Cent Lancashire, Ctr Astrophys, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, ENGLAND. Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Automated Space Studies, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Sci & Technol China, Ctr Astrophys, Hefei 230026, Anhui, PEOPLES R CHINA. Landessternwarte Konigstuhl, D-69117 Heidelberg, GERMANY. Sternberg State Astron Inst, UA-334413 Crimea, UKRAINE. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, MEXICO. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Observ, SOUTH AFRICA. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Dominion Astrophys Observ, Victoria, BC V8X 4M6, CANADA. Univ Sternwarte Gottingen, D-37083 Gottingen, GERMANY. CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RIKEN, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 35101, JAPAN. Univ Moscow, Sternberg Astron Inst, Moscow 119899, RUSSIA. Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Crimean Astrophys Observ, UA-334413 Crimea, UKRAINE. Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, CANADA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Comp Sci Corp, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Astron Observ, S-75120 Uppsala, SWEDEN. Univ Calgary, Dept Phys & Astron, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, CANADA. Mt Royal Coll, Dept Math Phys & Engn, Calgary, AB T3E 6K6, CANADA. Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, SPAIN. Univ Rome, Inst Astron, I-00161 Rome, ITALY. Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, SPAIN. Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, SCOTLAND. Inst Astrophys, F-75014 Paris, FRANCE. Agnes Scott Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. Agnes Scott Coll, Bradley Observ, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. Inst Radio Astron Millimetr, F-38046 St Martin Dheres, FRANCE. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Osservatorio Astron Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, ITALY. Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Chungli 32054, TAIWAN. Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. Keele Univ, Dept Phys, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, ENGLAND. Observ Carnegie Inst Washington, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. Harvard Univ, Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Crenshaw, DM (reprint author), NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, ASTRON & SOLAR PHYS LAB, COMP SCI CORP, CODE 681, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA. RI Morris, Simon/G-7981-2011; Oknyanskij, Victor/I-9267-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Recondo, Carmen/B-1215-2012; Stirpe, Giovanna/O-9393-2015; OI Morris, Simon/0000-0003-4866-110X; Recondo, Carmen/0000-0001-9813-6798; Stirpe, Giovanna/0000-0002-3702-8731; Gaskell, C/0000-0003-4888-2009; Wilkes, Belinda/0000-0003-1809-2364; Perez, Enrique/0000-0001-9737-4559 NR 53 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 10 PY 1996 VL 470 IS 1 BP 322 EP 335 DI 10.1086/177869 PN 1 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VL723 UT WOS:A1996VL72300025 ER PT J AU Warwick, RS Smith, DA Yaqoob, T Edelson, R Johnson, WN Reichert, GA Clavel, J Magdziarz, P Peterson, BM Zdziarski, AA AF Warwick, RS Smith, DA Yaqoob, T Edelson, R Johnson, WN Reichert, GA Clavel, J Magdziarz, P Peterson, BM Zdziarski, AA TI Multiwavelength observations of short-timescale variability in NGC 4151 .3. X-ray and gammma-ray observations SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies, individual (NGC 4151); galaxies, Seyfert; gamma rays, observations; X-rays, galaxies ID SEYFERT-GALAXIES; NGC-4151; EMISSION; CONSTRAINTS; ABSORPTION; ASTRONOMY; GEOMETRY; FEATURES; SPECTRUM; ASCA AB A series of ROSAT, ASCA and Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) observations of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151 were carried out during the period 1993 November 30-December 13 as part of an intensive campaign to study the multiwavelength spectral characteristics of its short-timescale variability. In the softest X-ray bands monitored by ROSAT (0.1-0.4 keV, 0.5-1.0 keV), the source flux remained constant throughout the observing period. However, in an adjacent band (1.0-2.0 keV) significant variability was evident, the most obvious feature being a marked increase (a factor of 1.45) in the count rate over a timescale of similar to 2 days commencing roughly 3 days into the monitoring period. In contrast, only a low amplitude of variability (less than or similar to 10%) was measured in the four ASCA observations in the 2-10 keV band (but note that the first ASCA observation was performed somewhat after the onset of the flux increase seen by ROSAT). The count rates recorded by the Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment (OSSE) on CGRO are consistent with +/-15% variations in the 50-150 keV gamma-ray band, but there is no direct correspondence between the gamma-ray and soft X-ray light curves. The 0.1 to similar to 300 keV spectrum of NGC 4151 is dominated by a hard power-law continuum which is cutoff at both high (similar to 90 keV) and low (similar to 4 keV) energy. A high-energy cutoff is characteristic of a continuum generated by the process of thermal Comptonization, whereas that at low energy arises from absorption in line-of-sight gas. In NGC 4151 this gas may be partially photoionized by the continuum source, but still retains significant opacity below 1 keV. The observed soft X-ray variability may be the result of changes in the level of the underlying soft-hard X-ray continuum or changes in the line-of-sight absorption. The data marginally favor the former, in which case the difference between the soft X-ray and gamma-ray light curves implies a steepening of the continuum as the source brightens, consistent with earlier observations. As noted in earlier studies, there is a soft excess below 1 keV which probably arises from more than one scattered and/or thermal component. The 1-2 keV soft X-ray and the ultraviolet continuum light curves (e.g., near 1440 Angstrom) show reasonably good correspondence, although the relative amplitude of the variations is much higher in the X-ray data. The observed ultraviolet to X-ray correlation has a slope similar to that established in earlier studies, although a significant residual ultraviolet flux is evident in the recent observations. A possible interpretation is that the X-ray to gamma-ray continuum is produced in a patchy dissipative corona above the surface of an accretion disk and that the correlated ultraviolet flux results from the reprocessing of part of this continuum by the disk. The residual ultraviolet flux may then arise from the reprocessing and/or the viscous heating of the disk. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HIGH ENERGY PHYS LAB,GREENBELT,MD 20771. UNIV IOWA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. ESTEC,ISO OBSERV,NL-2200 AG NOORDWIJK,NETHERLANDS. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV,ASTRON OBSERV,PL-30244 KRAKOW,POLAND. OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. NICHOLAS COPERNICUS ASTRON CTR,PL-00716 WARSAW,POLAND. RP Warwick, RS (reprint author), UNIV LEICESTER,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LEICESTER LE1 7RH,LEICS,ENGLAND. RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 NR 35 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 10 PY 1996 VL 470 IS 1 BP 349 EP 363 DI 10.1086/177871 PN 1 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VL723 UT WOS:A1996VL72300027 ER PT J AU Edelson, RA Alexander, T Crenshaw, DM Kaspi, S Malkan, MA Peterson, BM Warwick, RS Clavel, J Filippenko, AV Horne, K Korista, KT Kriss, GA Krolik, JH Maoz, D Nandra, K OBrien, PT Penton, SV Yaqoob, T Albrecht, P Alloin, D Ayres, TR Balonek, TJ Barr, P Barth, AJ Bertram, R Bromage, GE Carini, M Carone, TE Cheng, FZ Chuvaev, KK Dietrich, M DultzinHacyan, D Gaskell, CM Glass, IS Goad, MR Hemar, S Ho, LC Huchra, JP Hutchings, J Johnson, WN Kazanas, D Kollatschny, W Koratkar, AP Kovo, O Laor, A MacAlpine, GM Magdziarz, P Martin, PG Matheson, T McCollum, B Miller, HR Morris, SL Oknyanskij, VL Penfold, J Perez, E Perola, GC Pike, G Pogge, RW Ptak, RL Qian, BC RecondoGonzalez, MC Reichert, GA RodriguezEspinoza, JM RodriguezPascual, PM Rokaki, EL Roland, J Sadun, AC Salamanca, I SantosLleo, M Shields, JC Shull, JM Smith, DA Smith, SM Snijders, MAJ Stirpe, GM Stoner, RE Sun, WH Ulrich, MH vanGroningen, E Wagner, RM Wagner, S Wanders, I Welsh, WF Weymann, RJ Wilkes, BJ Wu, H Wurster, J Xue, SJ Zdziarski, AA Zheng, W Zou, ZL AF Edelson, RA Alexander, T Crenshaw, DM Kaspi, S Malkan, MA Peterson, BM Warwick, RS Clavel, J Filippenko, AV Horne, K Korista, KT Kriss, GA Krolik, JH Maoz, D Nandra, K OBrien, PT Penton, SV Yaqoob, T Albrecht, P Alloin, D Ayres, TR Balonek, TJ Barr, P Barth, AJ Bertram, R Bromage, GE Carini, M Carone, TE Cheng, FZ Chuvaev, KK Dietrich, M DultzinHacyan, D Gaskell, CM Glass, IS Goad, MR Hemar, S Ho, LC Huchra, JP Hutchings, J Johnson, WN Kazanas, D Kollatschny, W Koratkar, AP Kovo, O Laor, A MacAlpine, GM Magdziarz, P Martin, PG Matheson, T McCollum, B Miller, HR Morris, SL Oknyanskij, VL Penfold, J Perez, E Perola, GC Pike, G Pogge, RW Ptak, RL Qian, BC RecondoGonzalez, MC Reichert, GA RodriguezEspinoza, JM RodriguezPascual, PM Rokaki, EL Roland, J Sadun, AC Salamanca, I SantosLleo, M Shields, JC Shull, JM Smith, DA Smith, SM Snijders, MAJ Stirpe, GM Stoner, RE Sun, WH Ulrich, MH vanGroningen, E Wagner, RM Wagner, S Wanders, I Welsh, WF Weymann, RJ Wilkes, BJ Wu, H Wurster, J Xue, SJ Zdziarski, AA Zheng, W Zou, ZL TI Multiwavelength observations of short-timescale variability in NGC 4151 .4. Analysis of multiwavelength continuum variability SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies, active; galaxies, individual (NGC 4151); galaxies, Seyfert; ultraviolet, galaxies; X-rays, galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; OBJECT PKS 2155-304; BROAD-LINE REGION; X-RAY-EMISSION; CFA SEYFERT-GALAXIES; ULTRAVIOLET VARIABILITY; ACCRETION DISKS; COMPTON REFLECTION; BAND PROPERTIES; UV CONTINUUM AB This paper combines data from the three preceding papers in order to analyze the multi-wave-band variability and spectral energy distribution of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4151 during the 1993 December monitoring campaign. The source, which was near its peak historical brightness, showed strong, correlated variability at X-ray, ultraviolet, and optical wavelengths. The strongest variations were seen in medium-energy (similar to 1.5 keV) X-rays, with a normalized variability amplitude (NVA) of 24%. Weaker (NVA = 6%) variations (uncorrelated with those at lower energies) were seen at soft gamma-ray energies of similar to 100 keV. No significant variability was seen in softer (0.1-1 keV) X-ray bands. In the ultraviolet/optical regime, the NVA decreased from 9% to 1% as the wavelength increased from 1275 to 6900 Angstrom These data do not probe extreme ultraviolet (1200 Angstrom to 0.1 keV) or hard X-ray (2-50 keV) variability. The phase differences between variations in different bands were consistent with zero lag, with upper limits of less than or similar to 0.15 day between 1275 Angstrom and the other ultraviolet bands, less than or similar to 0,3 day between 1275 Angstrom and 1.5 keV, and less than or similar to 1 day between 1275 and 5125 Angstrom These tight limits represent more than an order of magnitude improvement over those determined in previous multi-wave-band AGN monitoring campaigns. The ultraviolet fluctuation power spectra showed no evidence for periodicity, but were instead well fitted with a very steep, red power law (a less than or equal to -2.5). If photons emitted at a ''primary'' wave band are absorbed by nearby material and ''reprocessed'' to produce emission at a secondary wave band, causality arguments require that variations in the secondary band follow those in the primary band. The tight interband correlation and limits on the ultraviolet and medium-energy X-ray lags indicate that the reprocessing region is smaller than similar to 0.15 it-day in size. After correcting for strong (a factor of greater than or similar to 15) line-of-sight absorption, the medium-energy X-ray luminosity variations appear adequate to drive the ultraviolet/optical variations. However, the medium-energy X-ray NVA is 2-4 times that in the ultraviolet, and the single-epoch, absorption-corrected X-ray/gamma-ray luminosity is only about one-third of that of the ultraviolet/optical/infrared, suggesting that at most about a third of the total low-energy flux could be reprocessed high-energy emission. The strong wavelength dependence of the ultraviolet NVAs is consistent with an origin in an accretion disk, with the variable emission coming from the hotter inner regions and nonvariable emission from the cooler outer regions. These data, when combined with the results of disk fits, indicate a boundary between these regions near a radius of order R approximate to 0.07 1t-day. No interband lag would be expected, as reprocessing (and thus propagation between regions) need not occur, and the orbital timescale of similar to 1 day is consistent with the observed variability timescale. However, such a model does not immediately explain the good correlation between ultraviolet and X-ray variations. C1 TEL AVIV UNIV,SACKLER FAC EXACT SCI,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. TEL AVIV UNIV,SACKLER FAC EXACT SCI,WISE OBSERV,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ASTRON PROGRAM,COMP SCI CORP,GREENBELT,MD 20771. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ASTRON,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. UNIV LEICESTER,DEPT ASTRON,LEICESTER LE1 7RH,LEICS,ENGLAND. EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY,ISO PROJECT,MADRID 28080,SPAIN. UNIV ST ANDREWS,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,ST ANDREWS KY16 9SS,FIFE,SCOTLAND. UNIV KENTUCKY,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LEXINGTON,KY 40506. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HIGH ENERGY PHYS LAB,GREENBELT,MD 20771. UNIV COLORADO,CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE ASTRON,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV STERNWARTE GOTTINGEN,D-37083 GOTTINGEN,GERMANY. CTR ETUD SACLAY,SERV ASTROPHYS,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. COLGATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,HAMILTON,NY 13346. LOWELL OBSERV,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86001. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. EUREKA SCI INC,OAKLAND,CA. UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,CTR ASTROPHYS,HEFEI,ANHUI,PEOPLES R CHINA. CRIMEAN ASTROPHYS OBSERV,UA-334413 NAUCHNYI,CRIMEA,UKRAINE. LANDESSTERNWARTE KONIGSTUHL,D-69117 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. UNIV NACL AUTONOMA MEXICO,INST ASTRON,MEXICO CITY 04510,DF,MEXICO. UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LINCOLN,NE 68588. S AFRICAN ASTRON OBSERV,ZA-7935 CAPE TOWN,SOUTH AFRICA. SPACE TELESCOPE SCI INST,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. DOMINION ASTROPHYS OBSERV,VICTORIA,BC V8X 4M6,CANADA. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT ASTRON,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV,ASTRON OBSERV,PL-30244 KRAKOW,POLAND. UNIV TORONTO,CANADIAN INST THEORET ASTROPHYS,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A1,CANADA. GEORGIA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ATLANTA,GA 30303. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV,STERNBERG ASTRON INST,MOSCOW 119899,RUSSIA. UNIV CALGARY,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CALGARY,AB T2N 1N4,CANADA. MT ROYAL COLL,DEPT ENGN MATH & PHYS,CALGARY,AB T3E 6K6,CANADA. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA,IST ASTRON,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,BOWLING GREEN,OH 43403. CHINESE ACAD SCI,SHANGHAI OBSERV,SHANGHAI,PEOPLES R CHINA. UNIV OVIEDO,FAC CIENCIAS,DEPT FIS,OVIEDO,ASTURIAS,SPAIN. INST ASTROFIS CANARIAS,E-38200 LA LAGUNA,TENERIFE,SPAIN. ESA,IUE OBSERV,MADRID 28080,SPAIN. UNIV EDINBURGH,ROYAL OBSERV EDINBURGH,EDINBURGH EH9 3HJ,MIDLOTHIAN,SCOTLAND. INST ASTROPHYS,F-75014 PARIS,FRANCE. AGNES SCOTT COLL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,DECATUR,GA 30030. AGNES SCOTT COLL,BRADLEY OBSERV,DECATUR,GA 30030. ROYAL GREENWICH OBSERV,CAMBRIDGE CB3 0EZ,ENGLAND. LAEFF,E-28080 MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV ARIZONA,STEWARD OBSERV,TUCSON,AZ 85726. UNIV COLORADO,JILA,BOULDER,CO 80309. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80309. IRAM,F-38046 ST MARTIN DHERES,FRANCE. OSSERVATORIO ASTRON BOLOGNA,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. NATL CENT UNIV,INST ASTRON,CHUNGLI 32054,TAIWAN. EUROPEAN SO OBSERV,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. ASTRON OBSERV,S-75120 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. UNIV KEELE,DEPT PHYS,KEELE ST5 5BG,STAFFS,ENGLAND. CARNEGIE INST WASHINGTON OBSERV,PASADENA,CA 91101. CHINESE ACAD SCI,BEIJING ASTRON OBSERV,BEIJING 100080,PEOPLES R CHINA. NICHOLAS COPERNICUS ASTRON CTR,PL-00716 WARSAW,POLAND. RP Edelson, RA (reprint author), UNIV IOWA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,203 VAN ALLEN,IOWA CITY,IA 52242, USA. RI Morris, Simon/G-7981-2011; Oknyanskij, Victor/I-9267-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Recondo, Carmen/B-1215-2012; Stirpe, Giovanna/O-9393-2015; OI Morris, Simon/0000-0003-4866-110X; Recondo, Carmen/0000-0001-9813-6798; Stirpe, Giovanna/0000-0002-3702-8731; Gaskell, C/0000-0003-4888-2009; Wilkes, Belinda/0000-0003-1809-2364; Perez, Enrique/0000-0001-9737-4559 NR 64 TC 141 Z9 144 U1 0 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 10 PY 1996 VL 470 IS 1 BP 364 EP 377 DI 10.1086/177872 PN 1 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VL723 UT WOS:A1996VL72300028 ER PT J AU Cook, JW Rutten, RJ Hoekzema, NM AF Cook, JW Rutten, RJ Hoekzema, NM TI Ultraviolet jets and bright points in the solar chromosphere .1. Search for one-to-one relationships SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun, chromosphere; Sun, granulation; Sun, UV radiation ID HIGH-RESOLUTION TELESCOPE; TEMPERATURE MINIMUM REGION; TRANSITION ZONE; FINE-STRUCTURE; SPECTROGRAPH OBSERVATIONS; QUIET SUN; CONTINUUM; 1600-A; DISK AB Ultraviolet spectrograms and spectroheliograms of the solar chromosphere are used to test the suggestion of Dere, Bartoe, & Brueckner and Rutten & Uitenbroek that bright points in quiet Sun cell interiors observed at lambda = 1600 Angstrom, chromospheric jets observed in C I lines near lambda = 1560 Angstrom and Ca II K-2v bright points are associated with each other and that they are all manifestations of the same wave interaction in the nonmagnetic chromosphere. We search for spatio-temporal connections between 1600 Angstrom bright points and C I blue jets using data from the High Resolution Telescope and Spectrograph VI rocket flight, comparing 1600 Angstrom spectroheliograms and a cospatial C I Doppler shift map on a pixel-by-pixel basis. We find no direct evidence for spatial colocation of bright points and jets, not for instantaneous correspondence and also not when allowing for phase delays as long as 3 minutes. Also, the average brightness evolution and its rms fluctuation are not obviously different between sites of large C I blueshift and the remaining surface. C1 STERREKUNDIG INST, NL-3508 TA UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. RP USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, CODE 7668, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Hoekzema, Nick/A-2413-2010 NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 10 PY 1996 VL 470 IS 1 BP 647 EP + DI 10.1086/177896 PN 1 PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VL723 UT WOS:A1996VL72300052 ER PT J AU Merwin, LH Nissan, RA Stephens, TS Wallner, AS AF Merwin, LH Nissan, RA Stephens, TS Wallner, AS TI Magnetic resonance imaging study of solid rocket propellants and liners SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SUSCEPTIBILITY AB Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to study solid rocket propellants and liner material. The samples studied were simulants, used mainly for safety reasons, of real systems using ammonium sulfate in place of the energetic materials. The polymeric binder was hydroxy-terminated poly(butadiene) (HTPB) reacted with isopherone diisocyanate. MRI was used to observe variations in intensity in the simulant samples due to differing percentages of solids loading. It also showed the homogeneous intensity obtained for an unfilled sample used for comparison with the 82% filled material. The liner material, HTPB and dimeryl diisocyanate, was imaged despite its relative rigidity observed from its short T-2 value. Samples of poly(alkylene) oxide simulants were imaged, and various bubbles and regions of filler inhomogeneity were observed. These defects were correlated with photomicrographs of the sample. MRI can be used to image real systems of solid rocket components. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 USN,CTR AIR WARFARE,DIV WEAPONS,CHEM & MAT BRANCH,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. MISSOURI WESTERN STATE COLL,DEPT CHEM,ST JOSEPH,MO 64507. RI Stephens, Thomas/D-9512-2012 NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD OCT 10 PY 1996 VL 62 IS 2 BP 341 EP 348 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19961010)62:2<341::AID-APP8>3.0.CO;2-X PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA VH421 UT WOS:A1996VH42100008 ER PT J AU Hsieh, T Wang, KC AF Hsieh, T Wang, KC TI Three-dimensional separated flow structure over a cylinder with a hemispherical cap SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID VORTICAL FLOWS; TOPOLOGY AB Thin-layer Navier-Stokes solutions are obtained for an incompressible laminar flow over a hemisphere-cylinder at 10 degrees, 30 degrees and 50 degrees incidence to exhibit some three-dimensional separated flow characteristics. Some of the results are compared with a previous water-tunnel investigation for the same body geometry. Good agreement is found, even for some detailed features. Although the geometry is relatively simple, the separated flow surprisingly embraces a number of intricate structural characteristics unique to three-dimensional flows. Particularly noteworthy are the separation sequence at increasing incidence, tornado-like vortices, outward-spiralling vortices, limit cycles, coaxial counter-spiralling patterns and horseshoe vortex systems. Physical insights to these new features are offered. C1 SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92182. RP Hsieh, T (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,INFORMAT SCI & SYST BRANCH,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 27 TC 18 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD OCT 10 PY 1996 VL 324 BP 83 EP 108 DI 10.1017/S0022112096007847 PG 26 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA VP744 UT WOS:A1996VP74400004 ER PT J AU Kroes, GJ Wiesenekker, G Baerends, EJ Mowrey, RC Neuhauser, D AF Kroes, GJ Wiesenekker, G Baerends, EJ Mowrey, RC Neuhauser, D TI Dissociative chemisorption of H-2 on Cu(100): A four-dimensional study of the effect of parallel translational motion on the reaction dynamics SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; DEPENDENT QUANTUM DYNAMICS; WAVE-PACKET APPROACH; DIRECT VIBRATIONAL-EXCITATION; METAL-SURFACES; ASSOCIATIVE DESORPTION; CU(111) SURFACE; SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; NI-SURFACES; MOLECULAR PHOTOFRAGMENTATION AB Results are reported of a four-dimensional dynamics study on the dissociation of H-2 on Cu(100), The potential-energy surface was taken from density functional calculations, which employed the generalized gradient approximation and a slab representation for the surface. Reaction occurs preferentially in impacts near the bridge and hollow sites. Collisions near top sites promote vibrational excitation. The conclusion that vibrationally inelastic scattering and reaction occur preferentially on different sites can be generalized to other low index Cu surfaces. Resonances affect the reaction in the 4D model through a mechanism in which the molecule, trapped by excitation of the molecular bond which is weakened at the surface near top sites, is allowed more time to tunnel through the barrier to reaction. The calculated dependence of the diffraction probabilities on incidence energy suggests that a measurement of low-order diffraction would be able to determine whether the minimum barrier to reaction occurs for impacts on the bridge sites (as theory predicts) or on the hollow or top sites, The calculated reaction probabilities are in good agreement with experiment, further improvement being expected from including the rotational degrees of freedom in the model. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, RES LAB, THEORET CHEM SECT, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095 USA. RP FREE UNIV AMSTERDAM, DE BOELELAAN 1083, NL-1081 HV AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. RI Baerends, Evert Jan/F-7206-2011 OI Baerends, Evert Jan/0000-0002-3045-4906 NR 117 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 8 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 14 BP 5979 EP 5998 DI 10.1063/1.472450 PG 20 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VL696 UT WOS:A1996VL69600034 ER PT J AU Qadri, SB Yang, J Ratna, BR Skelton, EF Hu, JZ AF Qadri, SB Yang, J Ratna, BR Skelton, EF Hu, JZ TI Pressure induced structural transitions in nanometer size particles of PbS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CDS; NANOCLUSTERS; NANOCRYSTALS; CLUSTERS AB At elevated pressure, PbS undergoes a first order phase transition from the NaCl or B1 structure to an orthorhombic structure. The effects of particle sizes in the nanometer range on this transition have been investigated using energy-dispersive x-ray diffraction of synchrotron produced wiggler radiation. Relative to the bulk crystals, the onset of transition pressure showed a significant increase with decreasing particle size. The results also show that compressibility increases with decreasing particle size: this increase is continuous through the phase transition. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 CARNEGIE INST WASHINGTON,WASHINGTON,DC 20015. RP Qadri, SB (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 21 TC 122 Z9 124 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 7 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 15 BP 2205 EP 2207 DI 10.1063/1.117166 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VL184 UT WOS:A1996VL18400019 ER PT J AU Mott, PH Roland, CM AF Mott, PH Roland, CM TI Elasticity of natural rubber networks SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS POLYMER NETWORKS; DIFFUSED-CONSTRAINT THEORY; STRESS-STRAIN ISOTHERMS; HIGH ELONGATIONS; BIREFRINGENCE; DYNAMICS; MODEL; POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE); CIS-1,4-POLYISOPRENE; ORIENTATION AB Stress, strain, and optical birefringence were measured for cross-linked natural rubber in compression and tension over a range of strains. The experimental data were compared to the constrained-junction theory (Flory, P. J.; Erman, B. Macromolecules 1982, 25, 800) and to the constrained-chain theory (Kloczkowski, A.; Mark, J. E.; Erman, B. Macromolecules 1995, 28, 5089). These elasticity theories were found to fit both the stress and birefringence data quite well in tension. However, discrepancies arise when both compression and tension data are analyzed together. The differences between the models were minor, compared to their deviation from experiment. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 59 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD OCT 7 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 21 BP 6941 EP 6945 DI 10.1021/ma960189s PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA VL631 UT WOS:A1996VL63100036 ER PT J AU Pickett, WE AF Pickett, WE TI Single spin superconductivity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SYMMETRY AB A spin-compensated half-metallic antiferromagnetic is shown to allow a new, type of superconductivity in which only one spin channel is superconducting. This S = 1 triplet pairing state that arises from a unique type of normal state will differ markedly from conventional, heavy fermion, or high temperature superconductors. Characteristics of such a state are outlined, and guidelines for making promising candidates are presented. RP Pickett, WE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 16 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 7 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 15 BP 3185 EP 3188 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3185 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VL096 UT WOS:A1996VL09600032 ER PT J AU Elezzabi, AY Freeman, MR Johnson, M AF Elezzabi, AY Freeman, MR Johnson, M TI Direct measurement of the conduction electron spin-lattice relaxation time T-1 in gold SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FILMS AB A time-resolved technique for the direct measurement of the conduction electron spin-lattice relaxation time T-1 is Introduced. The method is based on the detection of the polar Kerr rotation induced by optically switched picosecond risetime transient magnetic fields. Demonstrated on polycrystalline gold films, the first direct measurement of T-1 in a metal is presented. The measured value T-1 - 45 +/- 5 ps suggests that Matthiessen's rule is not obeyed for conduction electron spin scattering. The technique can be applied at room temperature to a variety of conduction electron systems with spin relaxation times as short as a few ps. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Elezzabi, AY (reprint author), UNIV ALBERTA,DEPT PHYS,EDMONTON,AB T6G 2J1,CANADA. RI Freeman, Mark/E-4609-2013 NR 20 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 6 U2 16 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 7 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 15 BP 3220 EP 3223 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3220 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VL096 UT WOS:A1996VL09600041 ER PT J AU Franke, R Salkauskas, K AF Franke, R Salkauskas, K TI Localization of multivariate interpolation and smoothing methods SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE multivariate interpolation; scattered data fitting; radial basis functions ID RADIAL-FUNCTION INTERPOLATION; CONDITION NUMBERS; SCATTERED-DATA; INVERSES; MATRICES AB Multivariate smoothing or interpolation methods for scattered data are frequently localized by computing the value of the required function at a point from data in some small neighborhood of the point. We describe the piecewise nature of the resulting function and show how a smoothing of the usually discontinuous function can be carried out by a convolution which preserves interpolation. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MATH,MONTEREY,CA 93943. UNIV CALGARY,CALGARY,AB T2N 1N4,CANADA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0427 J9 J COMPUT APPL MATH JI J. Comput. Appl. Math. PD OCT 5 PY 1996 VL 73 IS 1-2 BP 79 EP 94 DI 10.1016/0377-0427(96)00036-2 PG 16 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA VM917 UT WOS:A1996VM91700005 ER PT J AU Brown, FM Mohareb, EW Yousif, F Sultan, Y Girgis, NI AF Brown, FM Mohareb, EW Yousif, F Sultan, Y Girgis, NI TI Angiostrongylus eosinophilic meningitis in Egypt SO LANCET LA English DT Letter C1 THEODOR BILHARZ RES INST,CAIRO,EGYPT. ABBASSIA FEVER HOSP,CAIRO,EGYPT. RP Brown, FM (reprint author), USN,MED RES UNIT 3,PSC 452,BOX 5000,CAIRO,EGYPT. NR 3 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1B 3SL SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD OCT 5 PY 1996 VL 348 IS 9032 BP 964 EP 965 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)65382-2 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VL097 UT WOS:A1996VL09700060 PM 8843838 ER PT J AU Ross, IM AF Ross, IM TI Extremally steered singular thrust-arcs for space flight in an atmosphere SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA LA English DT Article AB This paper advances prior results on the problem of time-free, Mayer-optimal control of a blunt space vehicle's flight in an atmosphere. The extremally steered, first order, singular are is partially singular and the Lie-bracket formalism employed previously for the totally singular case is not quite applicable. However, by differentiating the switching function, a relationship is obtained between the totally and partially singular arcs. For the special case of coplanar flight, the singular thrust control is expressed in a nonlinear state feedback form. This form indicates that the singular thrust magnitude is separable as the sum of five types of forces: one due to gravity alone, another due to centrifugal effects, a third due to drag alone, a fourth due to atmospheric density gradient, and finally a fifth due to a coupling between these forces. The extremal steering angle along the singular are is obtained as an implicit function of the states. An explicit solution is obtained for the special case of a low-density atmosphere. For proper combinations of steering and rocket exhaust speed, the singular are satisfies the generalized Legendre-Clebsch condition and the Goh-Robbins condition making it a strong candidate for Mayer optimality. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Ross, IM (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,CODE AA-RO,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0094-5765 J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT JI Acta Astronaut. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 39 IS 8 BP 569 EP 577 DI 10.1016/S0094-5765(97)00003-9 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA XJ839 UT WOS:A1996XJ83900003 ER PT J AU Ostergaard, CA Thomas, MD Limjoco, UR AF Ostergaard, CA Thomas, MD Limjoco, UR TI A case of inflammatory breast cancer SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Letter RP Ostergaard, CA (reprint author), USN HOSP,TWENTYNINE PALMS,CA 92278, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 5 BP 1470 EP & PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VL809 UT WOS:A1996VL80900005 PM 8857771 ER PT J AU Gillespie, DT AF Gillespie, DT TI The multivariate Langevin and Fokker-Planck equations SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB A novel derivation of the Langevin equation that was recently presented in this journal for a univariate continuous Markov process is generalized here to the more widely applicable multivariate case. The companion multivariate forward and backward Fokker-Planck equations are also derived. The derivations require just a few modest assumptions, and are driven by a self-consistency condition and some established theorems of random variable theory and ordinary calculus. The constructive nature of the derivations shows why a multivariate continuous Markov process must evolve according to equations of the canonical Langevin and Fokker-Planck forms, and also sheds new light on some uniqueness issues. The need for self-consistency in the time-evolution equations of both Markovian and non-Markovian stochastic processes is emphasized, and it is pointed out that for a great many non-Markovian processes self-consistency can be ensured most easily through the multivariate Markov theory. (C) 1996 American Association of Physics Teachers. RP USN, WARFARE CTR, RES & TECHNOL DIV, CHINA LAKE, CA 93555 USA. NR 6 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS PI COLLEGE PARK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PARK, MD 20740-3845 USA SN 0002-9505 EI 1943-2909 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 64 IS 10 BP 1246 EP 1257 DI 10.1119/1.18387 PG 12 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA VL181 UT WOS:A1996VL18100011 ER PT J AU Hayes, CG Phillips, IA Callahan, JD Griebenow, WF Hyams, KC Wu, SJ Watts, DM AF Hayes, CG Phillips, IA Callahan, JD Griebenow, WF Hyams, KC Wu, SJ Watts, DM TI The epidemiology of dengue virus infection among urban, jungle, and rural populations in the Amazon region of Peru SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; TRANSMISSION AB The first confirmed outbreak of dengue fever in Peru occurred during 1990 in Iquitos, a city of approximately 300,000 residents in the Amazon region. Because of the apparent establishment of endemic transmission of this mosquito-borne viral disease following the outbreak, epidemiologic studies were initiated in 1992. Blood specimens and data on demographic, environmental, and medical history factors were collected from volunteers in an urban sector of Iquitos, in a rural area on the outskirts of Iquitos, and in three nearby jungle communities. A follow-up blood specimen was obtained approximately one year later from a sample of subjects. Sera were tested for dengue IgG antibody by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and specificity was verified using a plaque-reduction neutralization test. Dengue antibody prevalence was 66% in the urban population, 26% in the rural population, and 32-67% in the three jungle areas. A significant association was found between age and antibody prevalence, with a steady increase in prevalence from 18% among subjects less than five years of age to greater than 90% for subjects more than 50 years old. Increased antibody prevalence also was associated with urban and jungle residence and with a piped source of household drinking water. Seroconversions were documented in four of five surveyed communities. These results indicate that dengue virus transmission continues in and around Iquitos and suggest that transmission also occurred prior to the 1990 epidemic. C1 USN,MED RES INST DETACHMENT,LIMA,PERU. RP Hayes, CG (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,DEPT INFECT DIS,CODE 04,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 18 TC 52 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 55 IS 4 BP 459 EP 463 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA VR968 UT WOS:A1996VR96800024 PM 8916809 ER PT J AU Freeman, RK Swegle, J Sise, MJ AF Freeman, RK Swegle, J Sise, MJ TI The surgical complications of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Southern-California-Chapter of the American-College-of-Surgeons CY JAN 19-21, 1996 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP Amer Coll Surgeons, So Calif Chapter ID SYNDROME TYPE-IV; SPONTANEOUS RUPTURE; COLONIC PERFORATION; VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS; PATIENT; ARTERY AB Between January 1975 and July 1995, 44 gastrointestinal and 45 vascular complications of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV (EDS-IV) were reported in the literature,This included 41 colon perforations, 2 paraesophageal hernias, 22 spontaneous hemorrhages, 17 aneurysms, and 5 arterial dissections. Twenty-seven colonic perforations were treated with resection and diversion, 11 with total abdominal colectomy (TAG), and 3 with primary colon repair. Reperforation occurred in 15 resection/diversion patients versus none treated with TAC (P < 0.05). Seven patients (23.3%) died from their gastrointestinal complications. Eleven vascular complications were treated with nonoperative management, eight with vessel ligation, 20 with arterial reconstruction, and two with therapeutic angiography. Eighteen patients underwent angiography, with three (22%) major complications and one death (5.6%). Twelve (30%) patients died from vascular complications of EDS-IV, seven of whom had been treated with arterial reconstruction (P < 0.05). This review supports treating colon perforations in EDS-IV patients with TAC and end ileostomy to avoid a reperforation or an anastamotic leak. EDS-IV patients with vascular complications should be treated with nonoperative therapy and noninvasive imaging techniques when possible. Operative intervention, when required, should focus on simple vessel ligation rather than reconstruction. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT GEN SURG,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Freeman, RK (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT SURG,DIV VASC SURG,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 50 TC 76 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 1776 PEACHTREE RD, NW., SUITE 410N, ATLANTA, GA 30309-2352 SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 62 IS 10 BP 869 EP 873 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA VJ943 UT WOS:A1996VJ94300020 PM 8813174 ER PT J AU Waters, JH Howard, RS Lesnik, IK AF Waters, JH Howard, RS Lesnik, IK TI Plasma potassium response after tromethamine (THAM) or sodium bicarbonate in the acidotic rabbit SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Article ID INTRACELLULAR PH; ACIDOSIS; EXERCISE; HYPOXIA; INJURY AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the plasma potassium (K+) response after administration of tromethamine (THAM) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in an acidotic rabbit model. Eighteen healthy, adult female New Zealand White rabbits were subjected to severe hypoxia until a base deficit of -10 mEq/L resulted. Rabbits were then randomized to receive THAM solution, NaHCO3, or no drug (control). The drug was administered over 2 min in quantities calculated to correct a base deficit of 10 or greater. Plasma K+ and sodium (Na+) were measured for 45 min after drug administration. No difference in K+ response was noted after THAM, NaHCO3, or no drug. In contrast, THAM resulted in significantly lower Na+ concentrations when compared to the NaHCO3 or the control group (P < 0.05). In this rabbit model, alkalinization after THAM administration results in K+ changes similar to those after NaHCO3. THAM should be considered when treating acidosis in patients where hypernatremia is a concern. C1 USN,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Waters, JH (reprint author), USN,DEPT CLIN INVEST,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 83 IS 4 BP 789 EP 792 DI 10.1097/00000539-199610000-00023 PG 4 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA VK391 UT WOS:A1996VK39100023 PM 8831322 ER PT J AU Zimmerman, AA Funk, KJ Tidwell, JL AF Zimmerman, AA Funk, KJ Tidwell, JL TI Propofol and alfentanil prevent the increase in intraocular pressure caused by succinylcholine and endotracheal intubation during a rapid sequence induction of anesthesia SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Article ID INTRA-OCULAR PRESSURE; OPEN EYE SURGERY; TRACHEAL INTUBATION; MUSCLE-RELAXANTS; INDUCED RISE; OPEN GLOBE; SUXAMETHONIUM; THIOPENTONE; INJURIES; FAILURE AB The increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) associated with succinylcholine (Sch) has made its use in patients with open globe injuries controversial. Studies that have examined techniques to prevent the increase in IOP due to Sch have shown a larger increase in IOP from the stimulus of laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. The purpose of our study was to examine whether the combination of propofol and alfentanil would prevent the increase in IOP due to Sch as well as endotracheal intubation during a rapid sequence induction of anesthesia. Sixty patients were randomized to receive either thiopental 5 mg/kg and Sch 1.5 mg/kg (Group I), propofol 2 mg/kg and Sch 1.5 mg/kg (Group II), or propofol 2 mg/kg, alfentanil 40 mu g/kg, and Sch 1.5 mg/kg (Group III). The IOP was measured continuously from baseline awake (control) values until 15 s after successful intubation. All three groups had a significant decrease in IOP with the induction of anesthesia. Succinylcholine produced a consistant increase in IOP from the postinduction low in Groups I and II, but this increase was not significantly higher than baseline. The postintubation IOPs in Groups I and II were significantly higher than baseline (P < 0.001). During the entire study period, the IOP in Group III never increased above baseline. The IOP in Groups I and II had already begun to decline by 15 s postintubation, suggesting that laryngoscopy and intubation have the greatest effect on increasing IOP. We conclude that the combination of propofol and alfentanil prevents the increase in IOP from Sch as well as the increase associated with endotracheal intubation during a rapid sequence induction of anesthesia. C1 USN,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. USN,MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. USN,MED CTR,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 28 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 83 IS 4 BP 814 EP 817 DI 10.1097/00000539-199610000-00028 PG 4 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA VK391 UT WOS:A1996VK39100028 PM 8831327 ER PT J AU Briggs, WL Henson, VE AF Briggs, WL Henson, VE TI A table of analytical discrete Fourier transforms SO APPLIED NUMERICAL MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article AB While most people rely on numerical methods (most notably the fast Fourier transform) for computing discrete Fourier transforms (DFTs), there it is still an occasional need to have analytical DFTs close at hand. Such a table of analytical DFTs is provided in this paper, along with comments and observations, in the belief that it will serve as a useful resource or teaching aid for Fourier practitioners. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MATH,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP Briggs, WL (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,DEPT MATH,DENVER,CO 80204, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9274 J9 APPL NUMER MATH JI Appl. Numer. Math. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 21 IS 4 BP 375 EP 384 DI 10.1016/0168-9274(96)00018-9 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA VV962 UT WOS:A1996VV96200003 ER PT J AU Greinwald, JH Leichtman, LG Simko, EJ AF Greinwald, JH Leichtman, LG Simko, EJ TI Hereditary thyroglossal duct cysts SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID METHYLATION; GENE AB Objective: To examine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hereditary thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs). Data Sources: A complete English-language literature review, assisted by MEDLINE and BIOSIS, of hereditary cases of TGDC was performed between 1975 and 1996. Three new cases from our institution were included in the study. Study Population: Patients with a diagnosis of hereditary TGDC. Data Extraction: All case reports were reviewed by multiple observers to confirm the diagnosis of hereditary TGDC. Data Synthesis: A review of the literature revealed that a hereditary pattern has been described in 18 patients from 6 families; 11 of the 18 cases were reported in the United States. We report 3 new cases of TGDC herein, bringing the total of US cases to 14. In all 14 US cases, the patients were female, presented at a mean age of 6.1 years, and had a predominately autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. These findings are in sharp contrast to those in international cases (n=7), in which only 29% of the patients were female and the mean age at presentation was much older (16.2 years). An autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance was found in 2 of 3 foreign families. Interestingly, the patients with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance were older than those with an autosomal recessive pattern (13.9 years vs 6.2 years, respectively). Conclusions: Cases of hereditary TGDC are female predominant and usually have an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. The sexual bias may be explained by genetic imprinting. Although no racial differences were noted in our study, distinct variations in presentation based on nationality were present. The recurrence rate after a Sistrunk procedure is similar to that in nonhereditary cases. C1 EASTERN VIRGINIA MED SCH,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL,NORFOLK,VA 23501. EASTERN VIRGINIA MED SCH,DEPT PEDIAT,NORFOLK,VA 23501. USN,MED CTR,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,PORTSMOUTH,VA. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 122 IS 10 BP 1094 EP 1096 PG 3 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA VL777 UT WOS:A1996VL77700010 PM 8859122 ER PT J AU Majde, JA AF Majde, JA TI Influenza: Learn from the past SO ASM NEWS LA English DT Letter ID ENHANCEMENT; INFECTION C1 USN,OFF NAVAL RES,BIOMED SCI & TECHNOL PROGRAM,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0044-7897 J9 ASM NEWS JI ASM News PD OCT PY 1996 VL 62 IS 10 BP 514 EP 514 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA VL750 UT WOS:A1996VL75000004 ER PT J AU Drake, JJ Stern, RA Stringfellow, GS Mathioudakis, M Laming, JM Lambert, DL AF Drake, JJ Stern, RA Stringfellow, GS Mathioudakis, M Laming, JM Lambert, DL TI Detection of quiescent extreme-ultraviolet emission from the very low mass dwarf van Biesbroeck 8: Evidence for a turbulent field dynamo SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE MHD; stars, coronae; stars, individual (van Biesbroeck 8); stars, low-mass, brown dwarfs; turbulence; ultraviolet, stars ID LOWER MAIN-SEQUENCE; X-RAY-EMISSION; STELLAR CORONAE; STARS; ROTATION; SCALE; END AB We report the detection of quiescent EUV emission from the very low mass dwarf VB 8 by the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (EUVE) in the Lexan/B band (65-190 Angstrom). We interpret this emission in terms of a hot coronal plasma and combine this information with previous X-ray detections to estimate the quiescent plasma temperature and emission measure. The combined observations made by Einstein, ROSAT, and EUVE between 1979 and 1994 are consistent with a quiescent coronal plasma temperature of(2-6) x 10(6) degrees and indicate the same emission measure to within a factor of about 2. The non-flaring corona of VB 8 then appears relatively constant over timescales of more than 10 yr. Our results are consistent with the picture of a turbulently driven or distributive dynamo for VB 8, rather than with a large-scale field dynamo which appears to dominate the solar corona. Evidence from X-ray and optical data concerning the long-term coronal variability of the more active stars of higher mass also points toward the idea that active late-type stars in general are dominated by a turbulent dynamo. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 01238 USA. SOLAR & ASTROPHYS LAB, PALO ALTO, CA 94304 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, CTR EUV ASTROPHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. UNIV COLORADO, CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE ASTRON, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. ARMAGH OBSERV, ARMAGH BT61 9DG, NORTH IRELAND. SACHS FREEMAN ASSOCIATES INC, LANDOVER, MD 20785 USA. USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. UNIV TEXAS, DEPT ASTRON, AUSTIN, TX 78712 USA. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, CTR EUV ASTROPHYS, 2150 KITTREDGE ST, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 44 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 469 IS 2 BP 828 EP 833 DI 10.1086/177830 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VJ788 UT WOS:A1996VJ78800038 ER PT J AU Hurley, K Li, P Murakami, T Shibata, R Ogasaka, Y Pedersen, H Vrba, F Luginbuhl, C Cline, T Palmer, D Ricker, G Kouveliotou, C Kawai, N Matsuoka, M Yoshida, A Yamauchi, M AF Hurley, K Li, P Murakami, T Shibata, R Ogasaka, Y Pedersen, H Vrba, F Luginbuhl, C Cline, T Palmer, D Ricker, G Kouveliotou, C Kawai, N Matsuoka, M Yoshida, A Yamauchi, M TI ASCA rediscovery of the X-ray source in the 1978 November 19 gamma-ray burst error box SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays, bursts; stars, neutron ID NEUTRON STAR MODELS; CONSTRAINTS AB We present an analysis of the X-ray content of the 1978 November 19 gamma-ray burst error box using ASCA. We confirm the presence of a source that was detected by Einstein, but not confirmed by EXOSAT, and measure its spectrum between 0.5 and 8 keV. Using a power-law fit with an index of 1.77, the source flux is 1.6 x 10(-13) erg cm(-2) s(-1). This source was also observed by ROSAT. Using both old and new optical and radio data, we examine a possible counterpart for the X-ray source. We find that the probability of a chance association between the X-ray source and the gamma-ray burst error box is small enough to warrant its consideration as a possible counterpart to the burst source. C1 INST SPACE & ASTRONAUT SCI, KANAGAWA 229, JAPAN. COPENHAGEN UNIV OBSERV, NBIFAFG, DK-2100 COPENHAGEN O, DENMARK. USN OBSERV, FLAGSTAFF STN, FLAGSTAFF, AZ 86002 USA. NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA. MIT, CTR SPACE RES, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. NASA, GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR, HUNTSVILLE, AL 35812 USA. RIKEN, WAKO, SAITAMA 35101, JAPAN. MIYAZAKI UNIV, MIYAZAKI 88921, JAPAN. KANAGAWA UNIV, KANAGAWA KU, YOKOHAMA, KANAGAWA 221, JAPAN. RP Hurley, K (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, SPACE SCI LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 469 IS 2 BP L105 EP + DI 10.1086/310272 PN 2 PG 0 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VJ790 UT WOS:A1996VJ79000010 ER PT J AU Axley, MJ Dad, LK Harabin, AL AF Axley, MJ Dad, LK Harabin, AL TI Hydrogenase encapsulation into red blood cells and regeneration of electron acceptor SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ALCALIGENES-EUTROPHUS; SOLUBLE HYDROGENASE AB Biochemical decompression has been proposed as a method for reducing the amount of time required for deep-sea divers to return to the surface. Divers breathing H-2/O-2 mixtures would be presented with hydrogenase enzyme, and decompression would be accelerated by means of the enzymic removal of excess H-2 from the tissues. We have studied FAD as a hydrogenase electron acceptor that is capable of transferring electrons derived from Hz oxidation directly to O-2. Kinetic activity constants for the soluble hydrogenase from the bacterium Alcaligenes eutrophus H16 were determined with FAD, FMN and riboflavin as electron accepters, and these, values were compared with those obtained with the physiological electron acceptor NAD(+). The Michaelis constants (K-m) were similar for FAD, FMN and NAD. However, the maximal catalytic-centre activity (k(cat)) was much lower for the flavins, and the catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K-m) with FAD was 1/20th the value for NAD(+). After enzyme-catalysed FAD reduction to FADH(2), the FAD could be regenerated by addition of O-2 and reduced again by the enzyme in the presence of H-2. Thus FAD sewed as a regenerable electron shuttle between H-2 and O-2, H2O2, a by-product of FADH(2) oxidation by O-2, inhibited the enzyme. Much greater inhibition was observed with the reduced form of the enzyme. Active hydrogenase was efficiently encapsulated into human and pig red blood cells. Hydrogen consumption was seen with lysed carrier cells, but was demonstrated with unlysed carrier cells only when FAD was co-encapsulated along with enzyme. These results demonstrate that red blood cells encapsulating hydrogenase and FAD act as a system for continuous Hz consumption in a mammalian tissue without addition of exogenous factors, and such cells may provide a biotherapeutic method for reducing the risk and treatment of decompression sickness. RP Axley, MJ (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,CODE 512,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, ENGLAND W1N 3AJ SN 0885-4513 J9 BIOTECHNOL APPL BIOC JI Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 24 BP 95 EP 100 PN 2 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA VL179 UT WOS:A1996VL17900001 PM 8865603 ER PT J AU Collins, CA Paquette, RG Ramp, SR AF Collins, CA Paquette, RG Ramp, SR TI Annual variability of ocean currents at 350-M depth over the continental slope off Point Sur, California SO CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE OCEANIC FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS REPORTS LA English DT Article ID SEASONAL VARIABILITY; FLOW AB Currents were measured at 350 m from May 1989 through February 1995 over the 800-m isobath off Point Sur, California. Mean flows were directed toward 334 degrees T at 7.6 cm/s. The pattern of monthly mean flow reveals a distinct annual pattern: the spring transition begins in mid-April and is marked by a tripling of undercurrent speeds, onshore now and minimum temperatures. The strong poleward flow persists until mid-July and is accompanied by steady warming. When the flow decelerates, temperatures remain elevated until mid-December, when cooling begins. El Nino conditions resulted in warming during much of the period between July 1991 and November 1992; no dramatic change of the current pattern was observed. RP Collins, CA (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OCEANOG,833 DYER RD,ROOM 328,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCRIPPS INST OCEANOGRAPHY PI LA JOLLA PA A-003, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 SN 0575-3317 J9 CAL COOP OCEAN FISH JI Calif. Coop. Ocean. Fish. Invest. Rep. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 37 BP 257 EP 263 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA VY004 UT WOS:A1996VY00400023 ER PT J AU Appleby, DF AF Appleby, DF TI Spiritual progress in Carolingian Saxony: A case from ninth-century Corvey SO CATHOLIC HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Article RP Appleby, DF (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CATHOLIC UNIV AMER PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 620 MICHIGAN AVENUE NE ADMIN BLDG ROOM 303, WASHINGTON, DC 20064 SN 0008-8080 J9 CATHOL HIST REV JI Cathol. Hist. Rev. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 82 IS 4 BP 599 EP 613 PG 15 WC History SC History GA VU520 UT WOS:A1996VU52000001 ER PT J AU Gruneberg, K Naciri, J Shashidhar, R AF Gruneberg, K Naciri, J Shashidhar, R TI Ferroelectric properties of a fast switching cyclic siloxane oligomer SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE POLYMERS; AC PHASE-CHANGE; SPONTANEOUS POLARIZATION AB The synthesis and properties of a novel ferroelectric cyclic siloxane oligomer are reported. The properties of the oligomer are compared to those of a linear siloxane polymer and its unattached side group consisting of the same mesogenic moiety as the cyclic siloxane oligomer. The ferroelectric and electroclinic response times as well as the tilt angles of the cyclic material are found to be similar to those of the monomer while the spontaneous polarization is comparable to that of the linear siloxane polymer. These studies constitute the first detailed comparison of the ferroelectric properties of cyclic and linear siloxane polymers. RP Gruneberg, K (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,CODE 6950,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 8 IS 10 BP 2486 EP 2490 DI 10.1021/cm960194a PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA VN248 UT WOS:A1996VN24800015 ER PT J AU Waecker, NJ Dankner, WM Stefanova, R Cave, MD Davis, CE AF Waecker, NJ Dankner, WM Stefanova, R Cave, MD Davis, CE TI Nosocomial transmission of M-bovis-BCG to children on cancer chemotherapy (Chemorx) and to their health care workers (HCW). SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. JOHN L MCCLELLAN MEM VET ADM MED CTR,LITTLE ROCK,AR. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 23 IS 4 BP 153 EP 153 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VN246 UT WOS:A1996VN24600199 ER PT J AU Brook, I Yocum, P Frazier, EH AF Brook, I Yocum, P Frazier, EH TI Bacteriology and beta-lactamase activity in acute and chronic maxillary sinusitis. SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,MED CTR,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 23 IS 4 BP 203 EP 203 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VN246 UT WOS:A1996VN24600249 ER PT J AU Kawecki, TG Chappie, SS Mahony, DR AF Kawecki, TG Chappie, SS Mahony, DR TI High temperature Superconducting Space Experiment II (HTSSE II) cryogenic design SO CRYOGENICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Space Cryogenics Workshop CY JUL 25-26, 1995 CL CALVERTON, MD SP NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr DE high temperature superconductivity; space cryogenics; cryocooler; microwave devices AB At 60 to 80 K large performance gains are possible from high temperature superconducting (HTS) microwave devices for communications applications. The High Temperature Superconducting Space Experiment II (HTSSE II) will demonstrate eight HTS experiments in space for up to 3 years of operation. HTSSE II is the first application of HTS technology to space. In addition to demonstrating HTS devices, an important secondary goal is to demonstrate the cryogenic technologies required for long life HTS space applications. HTSSE II utilizes a British Aerospace 80 K Stirling cycle cryocooler to refrigerate a central cryogenic bus of seven HTS experiments and has an additional stand-alone TRW I-ITS experiment cooled by a TRW Stirling cycle cryocooler. The HTSSE II flight unit has been assembled and has successfully passed vibration and thermal vacuum environmental tests. HTSSE II was developed on a fixed budget and a fast track schedule of 24 months and is due to launch in March 1997 on the ARGOS spacecraft. This paper presents the design and test results of the cryogenic subsystem, cryocooler integration and a cryogenic coaxial cable I/O assembly. C1 SWALES & ASSOCIATES INC,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP Kawecki, TG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,NAVAL CTR SPACE TECHNOL,CODE 8223,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0011-2275 J9 CRYOGENICS JI Cryogenics PD OCT PY 1996 VL 36 IS 10 BP 741 EP 752 DI 10.1016/0011-2275(96)00036-7 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA VJ538 UT WOS:A1996VJ53800004 ER PT J AU Hayes, CG Halstead, SB AF Hayes, CG Halstead, SB TI Dengue and Japanese encephalitis SO CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID T-LYMPHOCYTE CLONES; SEROTYPE SPECIFICITIES; VIRUS TYPE-2; RNA GENOME; FEVER; MICE; NS3; INFECTION; PROTEINS; STRAINS AB This article summarizes recent research at the molecular and host population level for the two major mosquito-borne flaviviral pathogens, dengue and Japanese encephalitis. Although the flavivirus genome is completely known and complete RNA genomes have been synthesized which are capable of replicating whole viruses, the function of most genes is unclear. Current work focuses on understanding non-structural genes. These are translated into enzymes which cleave the polyprotein, replicate RNA, and then wind and package it into viral particles, A remarkable breakthrough in host defence against viruses has been achieved by inserting a small piece of negative strand dengue RNA into a mosquito. This 'antisense' RNA prevents normal replication. Meanwhile, dengue fever continues to expand as a human disease problem; outbreaks were reported as soon as US troops landed in both Somalia and Haiti. Reasons why dengue hemorrhagic fever occurs in some but not all persons infected with a second dengue virus continue to puzzle researchers. It is now clear that epidemics of dengue hemorrhagic fever in the American tropics are not caused by indigenous viruses but by viruses which were imported from Southeast Asia. Japanese encephalitis has spread to Ball, Indonesia. The good news for travellers is that a new live-attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine produced in China has been shown to be 98% protective against naturally occurring disease and, unlike the current mouse brain-derived vaccine, has very low rates of side reactions. C1 USN,MED RES & DEV COMMAND,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CURRENT SCIENCE PI PHILADELPHIA PA 400 MARKET STREET,SUITE 750 ATTN:SARAH WHEALEN/SUB MGR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0951-7375 J9 CURR OPIN INFECT DIS JI Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 9 IS 5 BP 308 EP 312 DI 10.1097/00001432-199610000-00005 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA VL301 UT WOS:A1996VL30100005 ER PT J AU Baird, JK Hoffman, SL AF Baird, JK Hoffman, SL TI Progress in prevention and treatment of malaria SO CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN; HUMAN CEREBRAL MALARIA; IMPREGNATED BED NETS; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE-PROTEIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; GAMBIAN CHILDREN; LACTIC-ACIDOSIS; CELL EPITOPES AB Malaria poses an enormous and growing threat to people living in or visiting the tropics, Here we discuss recent advances made in understanding the parasites that cause malaria, and how these relate to the ability to prevent and treat this infection. There is no vaccine ready for manufacture and distribution, and recent trials emphasize the need for a better understanding of immunity against malaria. In this regard, the accomplishment of transfecting Plasmodium falciparum opens many avenues of investigation. Recent large-scale studies offer convincing evidence that insecticide-impregnated bednets substantially reduce morbidity and mortality in hyper- to holoendemic areas. Such programmes may mitigate the malaria situation until effective vaccines become available. RP Baird, JK (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,NAVAL MED RES INST ANNEX,12300 WASHINGTON AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 91 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CURRENT SCIENCE PI PHILADELPHIA PA 400 MARKET STREET,SUITE 750 ATTN:SARAH WHEALEN/SUB MGR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0951-7375 J9 CURR OPIN INFECT DIS JI Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 9 IS 5 BP 319 EP 329 DI 10.1097/00001432-199610000-00007 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA VL301 UT WOS:A1996VL30100007 ER PT J AU Sajben, FP Schmidt, C AF Sajben, FP Schmidt, C TI Subcutaneous T-cell lymphoma: A case report and additional observations SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID HISTIOCYTIC CYTOPHAGIC PANNICULITIS; MALIGNANT HISTIOCYTOSIS; HEMOPHAGOCYTIC SYNDROME; ERYTHROPHAGOCYTOSIS; REARRANGEMENT; TISSUE; ORIGIN; GENE AB Subcutaneous T-cell lymphoma is rare. Differentiation from several clinically similar entities such as malignant histiocytosis, histiocytic cytophagic panniculitis, Weber-Christian disease, and systemic lymphoma can be difficult, Our patient presented with plaquelike lesions on her lower extremities, fevers, hepatic dysfunction, and a laboratory-proven coagulopathy. Examination of a skin biopsy specimen revealed a benign-appearing histiolymphocytic infiltrate with panniculitis and erythrophagocytosis, Immunohistochemical staining of the infiltrate demonstrated a predominance of T cells, At autopsy, an atypical T-cell infiltrate was noted in the skin, subcutis, and other organs. Subcutaneous T-cell lymphoma is a rare type of peripheral T-cell lymphoma whose diagnosis is problematic. Based on the initial difficulty finding the lymphomatous infiltrate in our case, it is conceivable that previously reported cases of histiocytic cytophagic panniculitis, malignant histiocytosis, and Weber-Christian disease were in fact unrecognized cases of lymphoma. RP Sajben, FP (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT DERMATOL,HONOLULU,HI, USA. NR 42 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD OCT PY 1996 VL 58 IS 4 BP 297 EP 302 PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA VM960 UT WOS:A1996VM96000011 PM 8894431 ER PT J AU Johnstone, PAS AF Johnstone, PAS TI Skin cancer and intraoperative radiation therapy: Strange bedfellows SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Letter C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. RP Johnstone, PAS (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 22 IS 10 BP 891 EP 892 PG 2 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA VV368 UT WOS:A1996VV36800011 PM 9246173 ER PT J AU Weitzman, RA AF Weitzman, RA TI The Rasch model plus guessing SO EDUCATIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article AB The need for equating is one of the principal reasons for using an item response model rather than the classical model to guide test construction. Use of the Rasch item response model in test construction makes equating especially easy. The Rasch model, however, does not have a guessing parameter, whereas most tests that require equating contain multiple-choice items subject to guessing. This limitation of the Rasch model has led many test developers to use a three-parameter model that accounts for guessing, though at the expense of increased difficulty in equating. Despite the Rasch model's limitations with respect to guessing, some test developers still use it in multiple-choice testing. This article examines the use of the Rasch model in multiple-choice testing, particularly with respect to the problems of goodness of fit and equating. Although goodness of fit turns out to be a problem small enough to ignore, modification of the Rasch model to account for guessing may be necessary to ensure accurate equating. RP Weitzman, RA (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA, USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE SCIENCE PRESS PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 0013-1644 J9 EDUC PSYCHOL MEAS JI Educ. Psychol. Meas. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 56 IS 5 BP 779 EP 790 DI 10.1177/0013164496056005005 PG 12 WC Psychology, Educational; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Psychology, Mathematical SC Psychology; Mathematics GA VJ305 UT WOS:A1996VJ30500005 ER PT J AU Wu, C AF Wu, C TI Performance of an endoreversible Carnot refrigerator SO ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE refrigerator; performance; endoreversible ID MAXIMUM-POWER; HEAT ENGINES; EFFICIENCY AB The performance characteristic of an endoreversible Carnot refrigerator is investigated. The relationship between the coefficient of performance and the cooling load of the refrigerator is obtained. The result provides a realistic design criterion for actual refrigerators. (C) 1996 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Wu, C (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT MECH ENGN,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0196-8904 J9 ENERG CONVERS MANAGE JI Energy Conv. Manag. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 37 IS 10 BP 1509 EP 1512 DI 10.1016/0196-8904(96)00005-2 PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics GA UF532 UT WOS:A1996UF53200003 ER PT J AU Wu, C AF Wu, C TI Heat exchanger effect on a gas refrigeration cycle SO ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE heat exchanger; performance; gas refrigeration ID PERFORMANCE AB The heat exchanger effect on the power input of a gas refrigerator with a given cooling load is analyzed. The finite-time thermodynamic model adopted is a Brayton cycle coupled to a heat source and a heat sink with two heat exchangers. Both the heat source and heat sink have infinite heat capacity rates. Mathematical expressions for minimum power input and other characteristics of the refrigerator at minimum power are obtained for the cycle. The results of this theoretical work provide base line criteria for use in the performance evaluation and design of such refrigeration cycles as well as for use in performance comparisons with existing refrigerators. (C) 1996 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Wu, C (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT MECH ENGN,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0196-8904 J9 ENERG CONVERS MANAGE JI Energy Conv. Manag. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 37 IS 10 BP 1513 EP 1516 DI 10.1016/0196-8904(96)00004-0 PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics GA UF532 UT WOS:A1996UF53200004 ER PT J AU King, CL Jia, XL June, CH Abe, R Lee, KP AF King, CL Jia, XL June, CH Abe, R Lee, KP TI CD28-deficient mice generate an impaired Th2 response to Schistosoma mansoni infection SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE co-stimulatory molecule; CD28; Th1/Th2 subset; schistosomiasis ID T-CELL ACTIVATION; GRANULOMA-FORMATION; COSTIMULATORY MOLECULES; DISTINCT ROLES; LYMPHOCYTES-T; IMMUNITY; B7-1; CYTOKINE; CTLA-4; INVIVO AB Engagement of CD28 on T cells provides a co-stimulatory signal necessary for T cell activation and differentiation. Recent findings suggest that priming of T helper (Th)2 cells is more dependent on CD28 activation than Th1 cells. The present study examines whether mice that lack expression of CD28 as a result of gene targeting are capable of generating a Th2 response characteristic during infection with the intravascular trematode parasite Schistosoma mansoni. Mutant and control mice were either inoculated in the footpad with S. mansoni eggs (a potent inducer of a Th2 response) or infected percutaneously with the parasite. Draining lymph nodes (after footpad injection) or spleen cells (after natural infection) were harvested at 12 days and 8 weeks, respectively and examined for cytokine responses to egg antigens. CD28-deficient mice (-/-) generated diminished egg antigen-driven interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 production (by 5- to 17-fold, respectively) compared to CD28-expressing (+/+) littermates. In contrast, lymphocyte proliferation and interferon (IFN)-gamma production to egg antigens were equivalent for mutant and control mice. Infected CD28-/- mice also had reduced immunoglobulin secretion. Serum levels of parasite antigen-specific IgG1 and polyclonal IgE were significantly diminished in CD28-/- compared to CD28+/+ mice, Lack of CD28 expression had no effect on granuloma formation around eggs trapped in the Liver, but increased susceptibility of mice to primary schistosomiasis infection, These studies indicate that CD28 activation contributes to T cell priming required for generation of a Th2 response to an intravascular dwelling helminth parasite. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CLEVELAND,OH. USN,MED RES INST,CELL IMMUNE BIOL PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD. RP King, CL (reprint author), CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,SCH MED,DIV GEOG MED,RM W137,2109 ADELBERT RD,CLEVELAND,OH 44106, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI01202] NR 54 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0014-2980 J9 EUR J IMMUNOL JI Eur. J. Immunol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 26 IS 10 BP 2448 EP 2455 DI 10.1002/eji.1830261027 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA VM200 UT WOS:A1996VM20000026 PM 8898959 ER PT J AU Schwarz, WR Flack, KA Driver, DM Jovic, S AF Schwarz, WR Flack, KA Driver, DM Jovic, S TI A combined experimental and computational study of pressure-driven three-dimensional separation in a turbulent boundary layer SO EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting to Celebrate Peter Bradshaws 60th Birthday CY JAN 12, 1996 CL STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD, CA HO STANFORD UNIV DE three-dimensional separation; turbulent boundary layer; adverse pressure gradient ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; 3-DIMENSIONAL SEPARATION; TOPOLOGY AB Experimental data and computational results are compared for a pressure-driven three-dimensional separation in a two-dimensional turbulent boundary layer. The comparisons include surface-flow visualizations, wall static pressures, and skin-friction coefficients. With the use of an open-circuit low-speed wind tunnel, the separation pattern was generated by a streamwise adverse pressure gradient combined with localized overhead suction that represented 6% of the test section entrance flow. This separation pattern was characterized by its topological critical points: a saddle point of separation, a nodal point of attachment, two additional saddle points, and two foci. Calculations of the experiment were made by using the INS3D computer code with the Spalart-Allmaras one-equation turbulence model. The topology of the computed near-wall particle traces was similar to the experimental separation pattern having the same geometric aspect ratio and the same number and types of critical points seen in the experiment. Comparisons between experimental data and computed results for static-pressure coefficient and skin-friction coefficient also showed good agreement. Results from the use of another turbulence model, Baldwin-Barth, had a much larger separated region. This experiment provides new data that isolate a three-dimensional separation pattern driven by pressure gradient and the amount of turbulent mixing. (C) Elsevier Science Inc., 1996 C1 STEVENS INST TECHNOL,DEPT MECH ENGN,HOBOKEN,NJ 07030. USN ACAD,DEPT ENGN MECH,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NASA,AMES RES CTR,MOFFETT FIELD,CA 94035. ELORET INST,PALO ALTO,CA 94035. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0894-1777 J9 EXP THERM FLUID SCI JI Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 13 IS 3 BP 252 EP 265 DI 10.1016/S0894-1777(96)00085-4 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Physics GA VN804 UT WOS:A1996VN80400008 ER PT J AU Opsahl, MS Robins, ED OConnor, DM Scott, RT Fritz, MA AF Opsahl, MS Robins, ED OConnor, DM Scott, RT Fritz, MA TI Characteristics of gonadotropin response, follicular development, and endometrial growth and maturation across consecutive cycles of clomiphene citrate treatment SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Article DE clomiphene citrate; follicular development; endometrial thickness; luteal phase deficiency ID OVULATION INDUCTION; LUTEAL PHASE; INVITRO FERTILIZATION; UTERINE VOLUME; THICKNESS; WOMEN; ESTROGEN; ESTRADIOL; THERAPY; PATTERN AB Objective: To examine the patterns of gonadotropin response, follicular development, and endometrial growth and maturation across consecutive cycles of clomiphene citrate (CC) treatment. Design: Prospective analysis of cycle characteristics. Setting: Academic tertiary medical center. Patients: Nineteen consenting anovulatory infertile women receiving standardized, cyclic, incremental treatment with CC (50 to 150 mg/d, cycle days 5 to 9) for ovulation induction. Interventions: In each of up to six consecutive treatment cycles, urinary LH was monitored twice daily from cycle day 10 until detection of the LH surge or day 21; blood samples and transvaginal ultrasound (US) examination were obtained on cycle days 3, 10, and every 1 to 3 days thereafter until collapse of the dominant follicle. Endometrial biopsy was performed 11 to Results: Follicular phase duration, peak follicular diameter, the number of preovulatory follicles, and peak endometrial thickness and echo pattern remained consistent across consecutive ovulatory (n=55) and anovulatory (n=23) treatment cycles. Endometrial dating was greater than or equal to 3 days out of phase in 2 of 31 (6%) cycles sampled. Peak serum E(2) and P concentrations did not vary with cycle number or correlate with endometrial thickness or echo pattern. Cycle day 10 FSH levels were significantly higher in ovulatory subjects than in anovulatory subjects. Conclusions: Patterns of gonadotropin response, follicular development, and endometrial growth and maturation remain consistent across consecutive cycles of CC treatment. C1 USN,NATL MED CTR,BETHESDA,MD. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. OI Opsahl, Michael/0000-0002-8754-7943 NR 25 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE PI BIRMINGHAM PA 1209 MONTGOMERY HIGHWAY, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35216-2809 SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 66 IS 4 BP 533 EP 539 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA VJ100 UT WOS:A1996VJ10000008 PM 8816613 ER PT J AU Mathew, J AF Mathew, J TI Electronically steerable plasma mirror based radar - Concept and characteristics SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID ANTENNAS AB An alternative to using a phased array to steer a radar beam is to electronically control the orientation of an inertialess broadband microwave reflector. Recent experiments have demonstrated that a planar plasma mirror immersed in a magnetic field can be formed with electron densities high enough to reflect X-band microwave beams. A plasma mirror performs like a metal mirror, but it is inertialess. Compared to high performance phased array systems, a plasma mirror based radar system is much simpler and is therefore more affordable. Electronic steering of microwave beams using a plasma mirror permits the use of wide instantaneous bandwidth waveforms. Potential areas of application for a plasma mirror based antenna system include ship self-defense, high-resolution radar imaging, target identification, electronic countermeasures, high data rate communications, spread spectrum links and remote sensing. As a reflector, the plasma mirror exhibits extremely low loss and the reflectivity is very nearly 100%. Since a perfectly reflecting object cannot radiate, the noise temperature contribution of the plasma mirror to the antenna temperature, is likely to be small. The plasma sheet can be steered in elevation by tilting the magnetic field, and steering in azimuth may be accomplished by designating cathode initiation sites. Switching times between successive mirror orientations may be less than 20 mu s. RP Mathew, J (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, CODE 6700, BLDG A59, 4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 11 IS 10 BP 38 EP 44 DI 10.1109/62.538801 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VM208 UT WOS:A1996VM20800012 ER PT J AU Yang, TC Yates, TW AF Yang, TC Yates, TW TI Acoustic inversion of bottom reflectivity and bottom sound-speed profile SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB This paper applies a full-field technique to invert bottom sound profile and bottom reflectivity from simulated acoustic data in a shallow water environment. Bottom sound-speed profile and bottom reflectivity have been traditionally estimated using seismic reflection/refraction techniques when acoustic ray paths and travel time can be identified and measured from the data. However, in shallow water, the many multipaths due to bottom reflection/refraction make such identification and measurement rather difficult. A full-field inversion technique is presented here that uses a broad-band source and a vertical array for bottom sound-speed and reflectivity inversion. The technique is a modified matched field inversion technique referred to as matched beam processing. Matched beam processing uses conventional beamforming processing to transform the field data into the beam domain and correlate that with the replica field also in the beam domain. This allows the analysis to track the acoustic field as a function of incident/reflected angle and minimize contamination or mismatch due to sidelobe leakage. C1 VECTOR RES CO,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. RP Yang, TC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 21 IS 4 BP 367 EP 376 DI 10.1109/48.544047 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA VU550 UT WOS:A1996VU55000005 ER PT J AU Booth, NO Baxley, PA Rice, JA Schey, PW Hodgkiss, WS DSpain, GL Murray, JJ AF Booth, NO Baxley, PA Rice, JA Schey, PW Hodgkiss, WS DSpain, GL Murray, JJ TI Source localization with broad-band matched-field processing in shallow water SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID RANGE; DEPTH; ARRAY; SIGNALS; BEARING AB Acoustic source localization using matched-field processing is presented for multitone signals from the Shallow Water Evaluation cell Experiment #3 (SWellEX-3), The experiment was carried out in July 1991 west of Point Loma, CA, in 200 m of water of complex bathymetry, The multitone signal (ten tones between 50 and 200 Hz) was transmitted from an acoustic source towed at various depths over tracks which produced complex propagation paths to a vertical line array receiver, Broad-band and narrow-band processing, localization, and tracking results are compared with each other and with independent estimates of source position, With narrow-band processing, mismatch between the data and the predicted signal replica of similar to 1 dB reduced the mainlobe to levels equal to or below the sidelobes, Incoherently averaging the processing output over the multiple tones reduced range/depth sidelobe levels, allowing accurate source localization and tracking. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SCRIPPS INST OCEANOG,MARINE PHYS LAB,SAN DIEGO,CA 92093. RP Booth, NO (reprint author), USN,ACOUST BRANCH,CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT&E DIV,CODE 881,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 24 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 21 IS 4 BP 402 EP 412 DI 10.1109/48.544051 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA VU550 UT WOS:A1996VU55000009 ER PT J AU Wood, WT Lindwall, DA AF Wood, WT Lindwall, DA TI Full waveform inversion of field sonar returns for a visco-acoustic earth; A comparison of linearized and fully nonlinear methods SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB The techniques of linearized least squares inversion (LLSI) and simulated annealing (SA) are both used to invert a series of synthetic and real normal-incidence, geo-acoustic sonar returns for estimates of impedance versus two-way travel time in the top several meters of ocean floor sediment, The objective is to determine the better (faster, more accurate) method for inverting this class of data, LLSI uses an over parameterized earth, i.e., one composed of layers whose thickness corresponds to a travel time equal to the sample interval, This makes the inverse problem quite large, but also makes it nearly linear, SA uses a more efficient parameterization, one whose layers have variable thickness as well as variable impedance, Because of the relatively narrow frequency band (similar to 1 octave at 20 dB down from the peak) the time domain signal is oscillatory and inversion for layer thickness is nonlinear, Results show greater time efficiency in solving the large linear problem (LLSI) than in solving the small nonlinear problem (SA), However, in both cases almost all of the waveform energy was modeled, indicating that essentially all the information in the data had been successfully recovered, The inversions are applied to 10-20 kHz field data acquired offshore Florida, and several techniques are employed to enhance the effectiveness of each inversion method. RP Wood, WT (reprint author), NRL,CODE 7432,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 21 IS 4 BP 423 EP 431 DI 10.1109/48.544053 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA VU550 UT WOS:A1996VU55000011 ER PT J AU Scanlon, GA Bourke, RH Wilson, JH AF Scanlon, GA Bourke, RH Wilson, JH TI Estimation of bottom scattering strength from measured and modeled mid-frequency sonar reverberation levels SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID MARINE-SEDIMENTS; SOUND-VELOCITY AB Hamilton-type geoacoustic models were developed for Area Foxtrot, a shallow water test bed south of Long Island, for emerging active sonar systems where the surface sediment type is highly spatially variable, Reverberation levels (RL) were modeled using the finite-element parabolic equation (FEPE) propagation model to augment the generic sonar model (GSM) propagation model because the bottom loss model in GSM did not estimate transmission loss (TL) accurately in shallow water, FEPE estimates reveal that there is a greater than 15 dB difference between TL for sand and that for silt-clay sediments in Area Foxtrot. The comparison between modeled RL and measured RL (from a 1991 active sonar exercise) enabled bottom scattering strength kernels to be developed for Area Foxtrot, Bottom scattering strength was found to be a function of sediment type, Hard sand sediment has a bottom scattering strength which obeys Lambert's law (sin(2) theta) while that of silt-clay sediment is consistent with sub-bottom volume scattering (sin theta), The RL's in Area Foxtrot are azimuth-dependent and are a function of TL and bottom scattering strength (and hence bottom sediment type), Sonar beams steered towards the hard sand show higher RL's than for silt-clay, and knowledge of the sediment type and its spatial variation must be known to model RL accurately, A method to determine sediment type using measured RL's and RL slopes is given. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OCEANOG,MONTEREY,CA 93943. NEPTUNE SCI INC,SAN DIEGO,CA 92123. RP Scanlon, GA (reprint author), HMS WARRIOR,CINCFLEETWOC,NORTHWOOD HA6 3HP,MIDDX,ENGLAND. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 21 IS 4 BP 440 EP 451 DI 10.1109/48.544055 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA VU550 UT WOS:A1996VU55000013 ER PT J AU Jackson, DR Briggs, KB Williams, KL Richardson, MD AF Jackson, DR Briggs, KB Williams, KL Richardson, MD TI Tests of models for high-frequency seafloor backscatter SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW GRAZING ANGLES; ACOUSTIC BACKSCATTER; SEA-FLOOR; SOUND-SCATTERING; BOTTOM BACKSCATTERING; ROUGHNESS; SURFACE; SEDIMENTS; INHOMOGENEITIES; APPROXIMATION AB The interaction of high-frequency sound with the seafloor is inherently a stochastic process, Inversion techniques must, therefore, employ good stochastic models for bottom acoustic scattering, An assortment of physical models for bottom backscattering strength is tested by comparison with scattering strength data obtained at 40 kHz at three shallow water sites spanning a range of sediment types from fine silt to coarse sand, These acoustic data are accompanied by sediment physical property data obtained by core sample analysis and in situ probes, In addition, stereo photography was used to measure the power spectrum of bottom relief on centimeter scales, These physical data provided the inputs needed to test the backscatter models, which treat scattering from both the rough sediment-water interface and the sediment volume, For the three sites considered here, the perturbation model for scattering from a slightly rough fluid seafloor performs well, Volume scattering is predicted to be weak except at a site having a layer of methane bubbles. C1 USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. RP Jackson, DR (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,APPL PHYS LAB,SEATTLE,WA 98105, USA. RI williams, kevin/H-2224-2011 NR 44 TC 58 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 21 IS 4 BP 458 EP 470 DI 10.1109/48.544057 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA VU550 UT WOS:A1996VU55000015 ER PT J AU Null, JM Bourke, RH Wilson, JH AF Null, JM Bourke, RH Wilson, JH TI Perturbative inversion of geoacoustic parameters in a shallow water environment SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID COMPRESSIONAL-WAVE ATTENUATION; SEA-FLOOR; ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; BOTTOM; SOUND AB In many strategic shallow water areas, the geoacoustic properties of the sub-bottom are largely unknown. This paper demonstrates that inverse theory and measured data from a single hydrophone can be used to accurately deduce the geoacoustic properties of the sub-bottom, even when the initial background geoacoustic model is a highly inaccurate estimate, Since propagation in shallow water is very sensitive to the geoacoustic properties of the sub-bottom, the inverse technique is a vitally important, practical, and inexpensive means to improve sonar performance prediction in a potentially hostile environment. To provide ground truth for the inverse technique, measured data collected during Project GEMINI were compared to the inverse solutions. Detailed, site-specific geoacoustic models were developed for two array locations and the finite-element parabolic equation (FEPE) model was used to estimate transmission loss (TL), The model estimates from FEPE compared well with the measured data and the detailed geoacoustic models were considered as ''ground truth.'' To test the efficacy of the technique, initial background geoacoustic models were constructed assuming no a priori information of the bottom, The resultant inverse solution was used to predict the geoacoustic properties at each of the sites, The final results were in excellent agreement with the measured data and the resulting TL estimates derived from the inverse technique were as good or better than the TL estimates obtained from the detailed, site-specific geoacoustic models. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OCEANOG,MONTEREY,CA 93943. NEPTUNE SCI INC,SAN DIEGO,CA 92123. RP Null, JM (reprint author), USS INCHON,OPERAT AEROL DIV,MCS 12,FPO,AA 34091, USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 21 IS 4 BP 480 EP 504 DI 10.1109/48.544059 PG 25 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA VU550 UT WOS:A1996VU55000017 ER PT J AU Davis, GA Weiss, RE LaRue, RA Williams, KJ Esman, RD AF Davis, GA Weiss, RE LaRue, RA Williams, KJ Esman, RD TI A 920-1650-nm high-current photodetector SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MICROWAVE PHOTODETECTORS; HETEROJUNCTION; INP AB We present novel (InGa)As photodetectors which exhibit 150 mA continuous photocurrent at 2 W power dissipation, A responsivity of 0.97 A/W at 1319 nm is achieved with greater than 60% external quantum efficiency from 920 to 1650 nm, Measured dark currents are below 1 nA and bandwidths of 295 MHz are achieved, These low dark-current devices have utility to applications requiring large output current and large dynamic range. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Davis, GA (reprint author), INTEVAC ADV TECHNOL DIV,3580 BASSETT ST,SANTA CLARA,CA 95054, USA. NR 7 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 8 IS 10 BP 1373 EP 1375 DI 10.1109/68.536659 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA VH227 UT WOS:A1996VH22700031 ER PT J AU Musman, S Kerr, D Bachmann, C AF Musman, S Kerr, D Bachmann, C TI Automatic recognition of ISAR ship images SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB Inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) produces images of ships at sea which human operators can be trained to recognize Because ISAR uses the ship's own varying angular motions (roll, pitch, and yawl for cross-range resolution, the viewing aspect and cross-range scale factor are continually changing on time scales of a few seconds. This and other characteristics of ISAR imaging make the problem of automatic recognition of ISAR images quite distinct from the recognition of optical images. The nature of ISAR imaging of ships, and single-frame and multiple-frame techniques for segmentation, feature extraction, and classification are described. Results are shown which illustrate a capability for automatic recognition of ISAR ship imagery. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 8 TC 100 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9251 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 1392 EP 1404 DI 10.1109/7.543860 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA VP816 UT WOS:A1996VP81600018 ER PT J AU Creusere, CD Mitra, SK AF Creusere, CD Mitra, SK TI Image coding using wavelets based on perfect reconstruction IIR filter banks SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUBBAND; DESIGN AB This paper re-examines modulated polyphase filter banks which use reverse-time subfilters to achieve perfect reconstruction and studies their performance for image coding when used to form a wavelet decomposition, To code the wavelet coefficients, we use the embedded zerotree wavelet (EZW) algorithm developed by Shapiro which is reasonably simple and yet achieves very good rate-distortion performance. The problem of eliminating filter transients is thoroughly studied here and optimal results are derived in both the absence and presence of subband coefficient quantization, Using this analysis as a starting point, we develop a new method of coding the filter states (required to eliminate edge transients) for transmission to the receiver which efficiently exploits interscale redundancy and is easily incorporated into the zerotree algorithm, Comparing this direct transmission method to circular convolution, we find that it achieves superior rate-distortion performance in a wide range of cases, Coding comparisons between two infinite impulse response (IIR) wavelets and a number of biorthogonal wavelets are presented here. These comparisons indicate that the performance of the polyphase allpass wavelet is comparable to that of the best finite impulse response (FIR) biorthogonal wavelets with considerably reduced computational complexity. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106 USA. RP Creusere, CD (reprint author), USN, AIR WARFARE CTR, WEAP DIV, CHINA LAKE, CA 93555 USA. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8215 EI 1558-2205 J9 IEEE T CIRC SYST VID JI IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 6 IS 5 BP 447 EP 458 DI 10.1109/76.538927 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VL233 UT WOS:A1996VL23300004 ER PT J AU Yoder, MN AF Yoder, MN TI Wide bandgap semiconductor materials and devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article ID POWER AB Given a matrix of all semiconductor materials and their properties, the highest and the lowest of these property values will almost always be associated with wide bandgap materials. The many possible combinations of these ''poles and zeros'' lead not only to superlative electron device performance, but to new device concepts as well. An overview of wide bandgap semiconductor properties is presented followed by several concepts for both new and enhanced devices. Finally, impediments to immediate exploitation and a time-oriented appraisal of the various materials and devices is presented. RP Yoder, MN (reprint author), OFF NAVAL RES,DIV ELECT,ARLINGTON,VA 22217, USA. NR 16 TC 104 Z9 109 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD OCT PY 1996 VL 43 IS 10 BP 1633 EP 1636 DI 10.1109/16.536807 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA VH846 UT WOS:A1996VH84600005 ER PT J AU Yamamoto, Y Yun, XP AF Yamamoto, Y Yun, XP TI Effect of the dynamic interaction on coordinated control of mobile manipulators SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION LA English DT Article AB A mobile manipulator composed of a manipulator and a mobile platform has a much larger workspace than a fixed-base manipulator due to the mobility provided by the platform. While the on-board manipulator reaches out and performs manipulation tasks, the role of the mobile platform is to position the manipulator in a preferred configuration, In this paper, we study the effect of the dynamic interaction between the manipulator and the mobile platform of a mobile manipulator on the task performance. We consider the task that the end point of the manipulator tracks a desired trajectory in a fixed reference frame, The effect of the dynamic interaction on the tracking performance is examined by comparing four different cases: 1) with full compensation of the dynamic interaction with each other; 2) with the mobile platform compensating the dynamic interaction caused by the manipulator; 3) with the manipulator compensating the dynamic interaction caused by the mobile platform; and 4) without any compensation of the dynamic interaction at all. Simulation results from representative trajectories are presented to illustrate the effect. C1 USN, POSTGRAD SCH, DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. RP IBARAKI UNIV, DEPT SYST ENGN, HITACHI, IBARAKI 316, JAPAN. NR 20 TC 134 Z9 143 U1 3 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1042-296X J9 IEEE T ROBOTIC AUTOM JI IEEE Trans. Robot. Autom. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 12 IS 5 BP 816 EP 824 DI 10.1109/70.538986 PG 9 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Robotics GA VL563 UT WOS:A1996VL56300016 ER PT J AU MacDonald, JM Cavalluzzo, LC AF MacDonald, JM Cavalluzzo, LC TI Railroad deregulation: Pricing reforms, shipper responses, and the effects on labor SO INDUSTRIAL & LABOR RELATIONS REVIEW LA English DT Article ID INDUSTRY; EARNINGS; RENT AB The Staggers Rail Act of 1980 relaxed restrictions on pricing and eased abandonment procedures in the railroad industry. Although the Act made virtually no reference to labor, its impact on labor has been dramatic. The long-term contraction of industry employment accelerated quite sharply after 1980. Wages increased until 1985, then declined substantially. The authors, whose empirical analysis uses data on aggregate rail employment for the years 1963-90, Current Population Survey data for 1973-88, and evidence from collective bargaining agreements for 1971-90, argue that pricing adjustments under the Staggers Act led to changes in shipper behavior, which in turn allowed for large declines in the derived demand for rail labor despite increasing output; and the observed pattern of wage change followed from the realization of the Act's eventual effects on employment. C1 USN,CTR ANAL,WASHINGTON,DC. RP MacDonald, JM (reprint author), USDA,ECON RES SERV,FCED,ROOM 1134,1301 NEW YORK AVE NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20005, USA. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU INDUSTRIAL LABOR RELAT REV PI ITHACA PA CORNELL UNIV, ITHACA, NY 14851-0952 SN 0019-7939 J9 IND LABOR RELAT REV JI Ind. Labor Relat. Rev. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 50 IS 1 BP 80 EP 91 DI 10.2307/2524390 PG 12 WC Industrial Relations & Labor SC Business & Economics GA VK658 UT WOS:A1996VK65800006 ER PT J AU Pande, CS AF Pande, CS TI Recent developments in practical high-T-c superconductors SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA RP Pande, CS (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 48 IS 10 BP 18 EP 18 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA VL567 UT WOS:A1996VL56700015 ER PT J AU Gubser, DU AF Gubser, DU TI Superconducting homopolar motor and conductor development SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MICROSTRUCTURE AB The U.S. Navy has been developing superconducting homopolar motors for ship applications since 1969; a successful at-sea demonstration of the first motor, using NbTi wire for the magnet, was achieved in the early 1980s. Recently, this same motor was used as a test bed to demonstrate progress in high-critical-temperature superconducting magnet technology using bismuth-strontium-calcium-copper-oxide (BSCCO) compounds. In the fall of 1995, this motor achieved a performance of 124 kW operating at a temperature of 4.2 K and 91 kW while operating at 28 K. Future tests ave scheduled using new magnets with conductors of both the 2223 and the 2212 BSCCO phases. This article describes the advantages of superconducting propulsion and recent progress in the development of BSCCO conductors for use in Navy power systems. RP Gubser, DU (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,CODE 6300,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 48 IS 10 BP 30 EP 34 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA VL567 UT WOS:A1996VL56700018 ER PT J AU Cone, EJ Jufer, R Darwin, WD Needleman, SB AF Cone, EJ Jufer, R Darwin, WD Needleman, SB TI Forensic drug testing for opiates .7. Urinary excretion profile of intranasal (snorted) heroin SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POPPY SEED INGESTION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MORPHINE; CODEINE; URINALYSIS; 6-ACETYLMORPHINE; CONSUMPTION C1 USN,DRUG SCREENING LAB,GREAT LAKES,IL 60088. RP Cone, EJ (reprint author), NIDA,ADDICT RES CTR,NIH,POB 5180,BALTIMORE,MD 21224, USA. NR 19 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 20 IS 6 BP 379 EP 392 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA VK231 UT WOS:A1996VK23100008 PM 8889673 ER PT J AU Huestis, MA Mitchell, JM Cone, EJ AF Huestis, MA Mitchell, JM Cone, EJ TI Urinary excretion profiles of 11-nor-9-carboxy-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol in humans after single smoked doses of marijuana SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; GC-MS; TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL; METABOLITES; CANNABINOIDS; USERS; DELTA-1-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL; DISPOSITION C1 USN,AIR STN,NAVY DRUG SCREENING LAB,JACKSONVILLE,FL 32212. RP Huestis, MA (reprint author), NIDA,ADDICT RES CTR,NIH,BALTIMORE,MD 21224, USA. NR 21 TC 69 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 6 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 20 IS 6 BP 441 EP 452 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA VK231 UT WOS:A1996VK23100016 PM 8889681 ER PT J AU Fothergill, DM Carlson, NA AF Fothergill, DM Carlson, NA TI Effects of N2O narcosis on breathing and effort sensations during exercise and inspiratory resistive loading SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nitrous oxide; respiratory sensation; perceived leg exertion; nitrous oxide narcosis; diving; exercise tolerance; breathing resistance ID PERCENT NITROUS-OXIDE; VENTILATORY RESPONSE; HUMANS; BREATHLESSNESS; PERFORMANCE; PRESSURES; OXYGEN; TIME; CO2 AB The influence of nitrous oxide (N2O) narcosis on the responses to exercise and inspiratory resistive loading was studied in thirteen male US Navy divers. Each diver performed an incremental bicycle exercise test at 1 ATA to volitional exhaustion while breathing a 23% N2O gas mixture and a nonnarcotic gas of the same PO2, density, and viscosity. The same gas mixtures were used during four subsequent 30-min steady-state submaximal exercise trials in which the subjects breathed the mixtures both with and without an inspiratory resistance (5.5 vs. 1.1 cmH(2)O . s . l(-1) at 1 l/s). Throughout each test, subjective ratings of respiratory effort (RE), leg exertion, and narcosis were obtained with a category-ratio scale. The level of narcosis was rated between slight and moderate for the N2O mixture but showed great individual variation. Perceived leg exertion and the time to exhaustion were not significantly different with the two breathing mixtures. Heart rate was unaffected by the gas mixture and inspiratory resistance at rest and during steady-state exercise but was significantly lower with the N2O mixture during incremental exercise (P < 0.05). Despite significant increases in inspiratory occlusion pressure (13%; P < 0.05), esophageal pressure (12%; P < 0.001), expired minute ventilation (4%; P < 0.01), and the work rate of breathing (15%; P < 0.001) when the subjects breathed the N2O mixture, RE during both steady-state and incremental exercise was 25% lower with the narcotic gas than with the nonnarcotic mixture (P < 0.05). We conclude that the narcotic-mediated changes in ventilation, heart rate, and RE induced by 23% N2O are not of sufficient magnitude to influence exercise tolerance at surface pressure. Furthermore, the load-compensating respiratory reflexes responsible for maintaining ventilation during resistive breathing are not depressed by N2O narcosis. RP Fothergill, DM (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,CODE 0534,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 81 IS 4 BP 1562 EP 1571 PG 10 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA VM563 UT WOS:A1996VM56300017 PM 8904569 ER PT J AU Muldoon, MP Padgett, DE Rothen, R Cady, GW Melillo, AS AF Muldoon, MP Padgett, DE Rothen, R Cady, GW Melillo, AS TI Failure of a non-porous-coated acetabular component inserted without cement in primary total hip arthroplasty SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article ID 10-YEAR FOLLOW-UP; REPLACEMENT; 5-YEAR AB Thirty-four patients (thirty-eight hips) had a primary total hip arthroplasty with insertion of a non-porous-coated titanium-alloy acetabular component without cement, This component is initially stabilized with use of a central acetabular polyethylene peg, which is inserted into the pelvis, as well as supplementary cortical-bone screws inserted into the ilium. The original diagnosis was degenerative joint disease in thirty-four hips and avascular necrosis in four hips, Twenty-five femoral components were inserted with cement, and thirteen non-porous-coated femoral implants were inserted without cement, The acetabulum was prepared with so-called line-to-line reaming, Thirty-five hips in thirty-one patients were available for clinical and radiographic follow-up at a mean of 4.5 Sears (range, two to seven years), Serial measurements of the position of the acetabular component revealed that eighteen cups (51 per cent) had migrated, Of these, eleven had been revised, Radiolucent lines of at least one millimeter in thickness at the bone-prosthesis interface were noted adjacent to all but six of the acetabular components, Although this series was small, it demonstrates an unacceptably high rate of failure of non-porous-coated acetabular components after a relatively short duration, We question the efficacy of this acetabular component, inserted without cement, as part of a primary total hip arthroplasty. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Muldoon, MP (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT ORTHOPED,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 78A IS 10 BP 1486 EP 1490 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA VN124 UT WOS:A1996VN12400005 PM 8876575 ER PT J AU Ellenberger, NW AF Ellenberger, NW TI Land and love, profit, debt, and power: Two important centuries in the life of the British aristocracy SO JOURNAL OF BRITISH STUDIES LA English DT Review RP Ellenberger, NW (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0021-9371 J9 J BRIT STUD JI J. Br. Stud. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 35 IS 4 BP 536 EP 541 DI 10.1086/386122 PG 6 WC History SC History GA VT145 UT WOS:A1996VT14500006 ER PT J AU Koubek, E Elert, M AF Koubek, E Elert, M TI A demonstration of crystal-field effects in octahedral complexes SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article C1 DENISON UNIV,GRANVILLE,OH 43023. RP Koubek, E (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 73 IS 10 BP 947 EP 947 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA VH590 UT WOS:A1996VH59000033 ER PT J AU Geltmacher, AB Matic, P Harvey, DP AF Geltmacher, AB Matic, P Harvey, DP TI An experimental study evaluating macroscopic cavity interactions as a model of microvoid ductility SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID NOTCHED BARS; VOID LINKING; LOCALIZATION; GROWTH; SIMULATION; FRACTURE; FAILURE; SHEET AB An experimental study of the interactions between macroscopic cavities was conducted The goal was to determine simple cavity arrangements producing deformations similar to commonly observed features of ductile fracture. The production of cavity-centered fracture surface features and ligament thinning, representative of the type observed around and between microvoids on ductile fracture surfaces, were the specific objectives of this macroscopic study. The specimens employed were cylindrical tension specimens containing from one to six coplanar radial holes, with spherical end profiles, located at the center of the specimen and either zero or one cylindrical hole located on the longitudinal axis of the specimen. The results of this parametric study identified the two specimens that best produced the desired features. The load displacement results of these experiments also illustrate the effect of cavity geometry on the net strength and ductility of the array system. Specimens of these designs provide a future basis for simple and economical model studies of void interactions. RP Geltmacher, AB (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,MAT & MECH BRANCH,CODE 6382,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0094-4289 J9 J ENG MATER-T ASME JI J. Eng. Mater. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 1996 VL 118 IS 4 BP 515 EP 521 DI 10.1115/1.2805950 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA VV011 UT WOS:A1996VV01100011 ER PT J AU Herrin, VE Gray, GC AF Herrin, VE Gray, GC TI Decreasing rates of hospitalization for varicella among young adults SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES-ARMY; HEALTHY-CHILDREN; MARINE CORPS; RECRUITS; VACCINE; COMPLICATIONS; POPULATION; NAVY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Hospitalizations for varicella-zoster virus infection (n = 13,018) among active-duty Navy and Marine Corps personnel were studied retrospectively for the years 1981-1994. A large increase in hospitalization rates occurred during the 1980s, peaking in 1987 with 2025 total hospitalizations and a crude rate of 258/100,000 persons. Since that time, hospitalization rates have decreased markedly, with only 473 hospitalizations in 1994 (rate, 74/100,000 persons). In unconditional logistic regression risk factor modeling for varicella hospitalization, personnel at highest risk of hospitalization had foreign homes of record, were most junior in rank, had less than or equal to 2 years of military service, were Filipino or black, were male, and served in the Navy. Adjusted risk of hospitalization fell >2-fold from 1987 -1988 to 1993-1994. These finding may assist military public health officials in developing strategies to prevent varicella morbidity. C1 USN,EMERGING ILLNESS RES TEAM,DIV CLIN EPIDEMIOL,HLTH RES CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186. UNIV MISSISSIPPI,MED CTR,DEPT MED,JACKSON,MS 39216. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 174 IS 4 BP 835 EP 838 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VK045 UT WOS:A1996VK04500022 PM 8843224 ER PT J AU Hoffman, ME Moen, C AF Hoffman, ME Moen, C TI Sums of triple harmonic series SO JOURNAL OF NUMBER THEORY LA English DT Article AB For positive integers a, b, c with a greater than or equal to 2, let A(a, b, c) denote the triple harmonic series Sigma/i>j>k greater than or equal to 1 1/i(a)j(b)k(c). We show that the sum of the A(a, b, c) with a+b+c=n is zeta(n)=Sigma(i greater than or equal to 1) 1/i(n). A similar identity for double harmonic series goes back to Euler. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 USN ACAD,DEPT MATH,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. RI Hoffman, Michael/D-9913-2011 OI Hoffman, Michael/0000-0002-9436-7596 NR 3 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-314X J9 J NUMBER THEORY JI J. Number Theory PD OCT PY 1996 VL 60 IS 2 BP 329 EP 331 DI 10.1006/jnth.1996.0127 PG 3 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA VM512 UT WOS:A1996VM51200008 ER PT J AU Milano, M Barrett, L Marshall, E AF Milano, M Barrett, L Marshall, E TI Extraction of a horizontally impacted mandibular canine through a genioplasty approach: Report of a case SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article C1 USN,DEPT ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL SURG,SAN DIEGO MED CTR,DENT CORPS,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 10 BP 1240 EP 1242 DI 10.1016/S0278-2391(96)90360-2 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VL687 UT WOS:A1996VL68700023 PM 8859244 ER PT J AU Mehl, MJ Stokes, HT Boyer, LL AF Mehl, MJ Stokes, HT Boyer, LL TI Development of a Kohn-Sham like potential in the self-consistent atomic deformation model SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Williamsburg Workshop on Fundamental Experiments on Ferroelectrics CY FEB 05-08, 1995 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA SP USN, Office Naval Res DE ab initio calculations; electronic structure AB This is a brief description of how to derive the local 'atomic' potentials from the Self-Consistent Atomic Deformation (SCAD) model density functional. Particular attention is paid to the spherically averaged case. RP Mehl, MJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016 NR 4 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD OCT PY 1996 VL 57 IS 10 BP 1405 EP 1407 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(96)00005-4 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VK053 UT WOS:A1996VK05300006 ER PT J AU Kim, M Hwang, YF AF Kim, M Hwang, YF TI Analysis of wave dispersion in coarsely laminated symmetric composite plates SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MEDIA AB The elastic wave phenomena in a multilayer composite plate of arbitrary layers of elastic and viscoelastic materials with or without fluid loading are discussed in this article. Emphasis is placed on understanding the peculiar dispersion behaviors due to the extremely nonuniform material property and damping among the layers. Classification of the types (or modes) of wave propagation is accomplished by analyzing the dispersion curves, detailed modal patterns (that show the relative motions along the thickness of the plate), and strain energy distributions among the layers. A three-layer sandwich, elastic/viscoelastic/elastic, composite plate is used as a numerical example. The calculated dispersion curves are displayed in a frequency-phase speed plot and, sometimes, accompanied by a wave number-frequency plot as an aid to understanding the wave phenomena significance of structural acoustics. The major differences between the dispersion characteristics of the sandwich plate with a soft core and that of a uniform solid plate are identified and reasons for the differences are provided. Effects of the core material properties, such as the amount of damping on the wave dispersion characteristics, the propagating wave modal structures, and other factors of structural acoustics significance of a sandwich plate, are discussed. The dispersion curves calculated from the analytical method based on the elasticity theory show good agreement with results calculated independently by the finite element method. (C) 1996 Acoustical Society of America. RP Kim, M (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,BETHESDA,MD 20084, USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 100 IS 4 BP 1981 EP 1991 DI 10.1121/1.417908 PN 1 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA VN885 UT WOS:A1996VN88500006 ER PT J AU Schechter, RS Mignogna, RB Delsanto, PP AF Schechter, RS Mignogna, RB Delsanto, PP TI Ultrasonic tomography using curved ray paths obtained by wave propagation simulations on a massively parallel computer SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ALGEBRAIC RECONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES; DIFFRACTION TOMOGRAPHY; X-RAY; ART; ALGORITHM AB Current ultrasonic tomography methods do not properly handle cases involving large refraction, mode conversion, strong scattering, or finite apertures. To account for these different effects, a method has been developed utilizing a very efficient code to model elastic wave propagation on a massively parallel computer. The computation also determines in a detailed way the ray paths of first arrival acoustic energy through solids even with strong scatterers. By using these fast parallel forward and ray path codes as part of an iterative tomography algorithm (ART), a major improvement is obtained over using straight-line ray paths. In addition, the wave propagation approach permits improved tomographic reconstructions in cases having large changes in the refractive index (>10%), where traditional ray-tracing methods, based on the geometrical acoustics approximation, become numerically unstable. The entire tomography computation required is immense, but is feasible because the code is highly parallel and is implemented on a parallel supercomputer. (C) 1996 Acoustical Society of America. C1 POLITECN TORINO, INFM, DIPARTMENTO FIS, I-10129 TURIN, ITALY. RP Schechter, RS (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 100 IS 4 BP 2103 EP 2111 DI 10.1121/1.417920 PN 1 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA VN885 UT WOS:A1996VN88500018 ER PT J AU Kelso, JM AF Kelso, JM TI Fixed food eruption SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALLERGY C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DIV ALLERGY,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Kelso, JM (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 4 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 35 IS 4 BP 638 EP 639 DI 10.1016/S0190-9622(96)90698-2 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA WB036 UT WOS:A1996WB03600029 PM 8859301 ER PT J AU Ashe, MJ Tripp, GA Eichmiller, FC George, LA Meiers, JC AF Ashe, MJ Tripp, GA Eichmiller, FC George, LA Meiers, JC TI Surface roughness of glass-ceramic insert-composite restorations: Assessing several polishing techniques SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB The authors compared the effectiveness of seven polishing methods on glass-ceramic insert-composite restorations placed in plastic resin squares. The polishing methods used carbide dental finishing burs and diamond polishing paste, diamond abrasive finishing burs and diamond polishing paste, diamond abrasive finishing burs and composite resin finishing disks, diamond abrasive finishing burs and composite resin polishing points, diamond abrasive finishing burs only, diamond abrasive finishing burs followed by resin impregnated disks and an aluminum oxide polishing abrasive paste, and diamond abrasive finishing burs followed by diamond polishing paste. All systems achieved comparable smoothness except the carbide finishing burs, which damaged the insert-composite margin. C1 USN,SCH DENT,DEPT COMPREHENS DENT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. USN,SCH DENT,RES DEPT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP Ashe, MJ (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,AMER DENT ASSOC HLTH FDN,BLDG 224,ROOM A153,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [P50 DEO 9322] NR 6 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DENTAL ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 127 IS 10 BP 1495 EP 1500 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VL780 UT WOS:A1996VL78000014 PM 8908919 ER PT J AU Ganguli, R Chopra, I Haas, DJ AF Ganguli, R Chopra, I Haas, DJ TI Formulation of a helicopter rotor system damage detection methodology SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB A helicopter rotor-system damage detection methodology is formulated for an articulated rotor in hover, and in forward flight. Damages modeled are moisture absorption, loss of trim mass, misadjusted pitch-link, damaged trailing-edge nap, damaged pitch-control system and inoperative lag damper. These damages are represented by changes in mass, stiffness, damping and aerodynamic properties of the rotor blade. A rotor aeroelastic analysis based on finite element discretization in space and time, and capable of modeling dissimilar blades, is used to simulate the undamaged and the damaged rotor. Changes in rotor system behavior are identified for the selected faults and tables of rotor system diagnostics are compiled. Rotor faults detectable from blade tip response include moisture absorption, misadjusted pitch-link, damaged trailing-edge flap and damaged pitch-control system. Rotor faults detectable from vibratory hub forces include moisture absorption, loss of trim mass, damaged pitch-control system and damaged lag damper. Finally, rotor faults detectable from vibratory hub moments include misadjusted pitch-link, damaged trailing-edge flap and damaged pitch-control system. C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SEA BASED AVIAT OFF,DAVID TAYLOR MODEL BASIN,CARDEROCK DIV,BETHESDA,MD. RP Ganguli, R (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,CTR ROTORCRAFT EDUC & RES,DEPT AEROSP ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. RI Ganguli, Ranjan/B-2592-2010 NR 18 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 41 IS 4 BP 302 EP 312 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VN424 UT WOS:A1996VN42400003 ER PT J AU Melvin, PJ Ward, LM Axelrad, P AF Melvin, PJ Ward, LM Axelrad, P TI The analysis of GPS attitude data from a slowly rotating, symmetrical gravity gradient satellite SO JOURNAL OF THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AAS/AIAA Spaceflight Mechanics Conference CY FEB 13-16, 1995 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Amer Astronaut Soc, AIAA ID MOTION AB The purpose of this paper is to compare theoretical, attitude dynamical models for a gravity gradient satellite to empirical results based on data collected on-board the Air Force RADCAL satellite using a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver. The on-board data is processed using a Kalman filter which estimates attitude angles, rates, and disturbance torques. The filter is tuned by examination of the autocorrelation of the angle residuals. The optimal tuning is obtained when the once and twice per orbit periods are minimized in the residuals and when periods shorter than 20 minutes are minimized in the disturbance torques. The correlations in the residuals with periods near ten minutes are attributed to the integrated GPS multipath from the spacecraft structure. The attitude control system works to the design level with the librations controlled to less than 20 degrees in roll and pitch. The fluctuations in the librational energy are at the level predicted from pre-flight analysis of a hysteresis damper. C1 STANFORD UNIV,WW HANSEN LABS PHYS,GRAV PROBE B,STANFORD,CA 94305. UNIV COLORADO,COLORADO CTR ASTRODYNAM RES,DEPT AEROSP ENGN SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP Melvin, PJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,ASTRODYNAM & SPACE APPLICAT OFF,CODE 8103,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASTRONAUTICAL SOC PI SPRINGFIELD PA 6352 ROLLING MILL PLACE SUITE 102, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22152 SN 0021-9142 J9 J ASTRONAUT SCI JI J. Astronaut. Sci. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 44 IS 4 BP 515 EP 539 PG 25 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA XF358 UT WOS:A1996XF35800005 ER PT J AU Li, SW Peng, MS Williams, RT AF Li, SW Peng, MS Williams, RT TI A three-dimensional study of the influence of mountains on a front SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID STRATIFIED ROTATING ATMOSPHERE; PRIMITIVE-EQUATION; BAROCLINIC WAVES; COLD FRONTS; FRONTOGENESIS; OROGRAPHY; TOPOGRAPHY; RIDGE; FLOW AB The objective of this study is to investigate mountain effects on a frontal system in three dimensions. The frontal system is developed from the most unstable Eady wave in a baroclinic state without a mountain. The developed frontal system is then introduced into a new model domain that contains mountains with different sizes, shapes, and orientations. In general, it is found that the cold front experiences a weakening on the upwind slope and strengthening on the downwind slope of a mountain. The locations of these upwind and downwind sides are determined by the horizontal winds associated with the front. Before the front reaches a mountain, the prevailing wind impinging on the mountain is the prefrontal southwesterly. After the front reaches the top of the mountain, the impinging wind shifts to be the postfrontal northwesterly. Therefore, mountain-induced frontogenetic forcing by these winds varies spatially as the front passes the mountain. When the front moves down the slope, it speeds up and the frontal deformation is then caused by the strong advection over the northern part of the mountain. After the front has moved away from the mountain, its original horizontal structure and location are restored. The frontogenetic forcing is dominated mainly by the convergence-divergence associated with the Bow over the mountain. The front experiences major intensification when it is in the leeside convergence zone. As the front moves farther downstream, it enters the divergence zone and its intensity is reduced. When the front has moved away from the influence of the mountain, its intensity returns approximately to its original level irrespective of the mountain's size and shape. The postfrontal winds contribute to the strong convergence, which causes enhanced lee frontogenesis. For an east-west oriented elliptic mountain that resembles the Alps, the leeside downslope wind induced by the postfrontal Bow is toward the south instead of toward the east as in the other cases. Therefore, the front moves with an average speed that is the same as the front with no mountain. In this case, the front also has a net increase in its intensity for the same period of integration. Simulations with this mountain profile compare favorably with many observed phenomena near the Alps. Overall, the most important factor that determines the net effect of the mountain on a front is its orientation relative to the front. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT METEOROL,MONTEREY,CA 93943. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 19 BP 2757 EP 2772 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(1996)053<2757:ATDSOT>2.0.CO;2 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VN865 UT WOS:A1996VN86500001 ER PT J AU Rabinovich, WS Bowman, SR Mahon, R Walsh, A Beadie, G Adler, CL Katzer, DS IkossiAnastasiou, K AF Rabinovich, WS Bowman, SR Mahon, R Walsh, A Beadie, G Adler, CL Katzer, DS IkossiAnastasiou, K TI Gray-scale response of multiple-quantum-well spatial light modulators SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices CY JUN, 1995 CL ESTES PK, CO ID PHOTOREFRACTIVE DEVICES; CORRELATOR AB The gray-scale response of spatial light modulators based on perpendicular-held photorefractive multiple quantum wells is studied. It is shown that the gray scale exhibits both linear and saturated regimes that are accessible by variation of the applied field and the gate time. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America. C1 CLEVELAND STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CLEVELAND,OH 44115. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. RP Rabinovich, WS (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Katzer, D. Scott/N-7841-2013 NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 13 IS 10 BP 2235 EP 2241 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.13.002235 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA VM990 UT WOS:A1996VM99000017 ER PT J AU Rychnovsky, S Gilbreath, GC Zavriyev, A AF Rychnovsky, S Gilbreath, GC Zavriyev, A TI Measurements of photorefractive and absorptive gratings in GaAs:EL2 and their use in extracting material parameters SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices CY JUN, 1995 CL ESTES PK, CO ID CROSS-SECTIONS; DEEP-LEVEL; PHOTOIONIZATION; EL2 AB Simultaneous measurements of the photorefractive and the absorptive grating gain components in GaAs:EL2 are made and are shown to display qualitative behavior consistent with linearized solutions of a two-carrier rate equation model. These two components, together with the linear absorption coefficient, permit determination of four independent material parameters, e.g., the ionized and the nonionized EL2 densities, the hole photoionization cross section (sigma(h)), and the electro-optic coefficient (r(41)). Data obtained at optical wavelengths of 0.96 and 1.06 mu m indicate that sigma(h) and r(41) are larger than published values. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America. C1 ALLIED SIGNAL TECH SERV CORP,COLUMBIA,MD 21045. USN,RES LAB,ELECTRO OPT TECHNOL SECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Rychnovsky, S (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,OPT PHYS BRANCH,CODE 5611,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 13 IS 10 BP 2361 EP 2368 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.13.002361 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA VM990 UT WOS:A1996VM99000031 ER PT J AU Krispin, J Glaz, HM Collins, JP AF Krispin, J Glaz, HM Collins, JP TI High-resolution solutions of stiff chemically reacting flows SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION-LAWS; IMPLICIT; NONEQUILIBRIUM; SCHEME AB The objective of this work is to develop a high-resolution scheme for the equations of gasdynamics with stiff source terms, such as found when modeling chemically reacting flows. We do this by modifying a Godunov-like, hybrid implicit-explicit scheme to handle both stiff and nonstiff source terms. This modification retains second-order accurate steady states. Innovative approaches for stiff source terms are implemented. The resulting scheme is applied to the equations for nonequilibrium, chemically reacting noms in two dimensions. Two unsteady problems are studied: 1) a doubly periodic, unstable, low Mach number shear-layer flow and 2) the simulation of the evolution of a shock wave caused from the transverse injection of fluid into supersonic flow. In both flowfields, and fur several reaction models, the numerical results prove that the extended implicit-explicit methodology can handle complex flow problems and produce highly resolved solutions. We also found that our standard approach to nonstiff sources cannot handle stiff problems; even when using very small integration steps the solution becomes unstable and eventually breaks down. C1 USN, CTR SURFACE WARFARE, INFORMAT & SYST SCI BRANCH, SILVER SPRING, MD 20903 USA. RP Krispin, J (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT MATH, COLLEGE PK, MD 20742 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0887-8722 J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 10 IS 4 BP 570 EP 578 DI 10.2514/3.831 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA VN988 UT WOS:A1996VN98800004 ER PT J AU Kaul, UK Shreeve, RP AF Kaul, UK Shreeve, RP TI Full viscous modeling in generalized coordinates of heat conducting flows in rotating systems SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS AB A computational and analytical study has been carried out that assesses viscous formulations used currently in the state-of-the-art and widely used incompressible viscous how solution methodologies in generalized curvilinear coordinates. These methodologies use a powerful and simple approximate factorization delta scheme. The conventional thin (viscous) layer form used for steady-state flows is analyzed and is then improved to extend its applicability, in general, to the solution of unsteady incompressible flows, Then, this improved thin-layer formulation is further extended to include more terms of the same order that are ignored in the thin-layer approximation because of the limitation imposed by the use of a conservation form of the viscous flux vector, This is achieved by recasting the viscous vector in nonconservation form, The resulting formulation represents the full-viscous (FV) formulation (except for higher-order cross-derivative terms), Solutions with the full-viscous, improved, and conventional thin-layer formulations are shown to be different, even for laminar heat conducting flow. Also, the steady state full-viscous solutions with and without the cross-derivative terms are compared and are found to be practically the same. This delineates the need, in general, for the FV formulation for turbulent flows, where turbulent viscosity variation in space is large, The methodology developed here is then used to compute flow in II rotating square duct with fast and slow rotation, The limiting solutions obtained are compared with the analytic limiting solutions and previously obtained reduced numerical solutions, Agreement is shown to be very good. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,MONTEREY,CA 94303. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0887-8722 J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf. PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 10 IS 4 BP 621 EP 626 DI 10.2514/3.838 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA VN988 UT WOS:A1996VN98800011 ER PT J AU VanderSalm, TJ Kaur, S Lancey, RA Okike, ON Pezzella, AT Stahl, RF Leone, L Li, JM Valeri, CR Michelson, AD AF VanderSalm, TJ Kaur, S Lancey, RA Okike, ON Pezzella, AT Stahl, RF Leone, L Li, JM Valeri, CR Michelson, AD TI Reduction of bleeding after heart operations through the prophylactic use of epsilon-aminocaproic acid SO JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID ENDOGENOUS PLATELET FIBRINOGEN; MURINE MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; GRANULE MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; ACTIVATED PLATELETS; VONWILLEBRAND-FACTOR; SURFACE EXPRESSION; GLYCOPROTEIN-IB; BLOOD-LOSS; APROTININ AB Excessive postoperative bleeding after heart operations continues to be a source of morbidity. This prospective double-blind study evaluated epsilon-aminocaproic acid as an agent to reduce postoperative bleeding and investigated its mode of action, One hundred three patients were randomly assigned to receive either 30 gm epsilon-aminocaproic acid (51 patients) or an equivalent volume of placebo (52 patients). In a subset of these patients (14 epsilon-aminocaproic acid, 12 placebo), tests of platelet function and fibrinolysis were performed. Results: By multivariate analysis, three factors were associated with decreased blood loss in the first 24 hours after operation: epsilon-aminocaproic acid versus placebo (647 ml versus 839 ml, p = 0.001), surgeon 1 versus all other surgeons (582 ml versus 978 ml, p = 0.002), and no intraaortic balloon versus intraaortic balloon pump use (664 ml versus 1410 ml, p = 0.02). No significant differences in platelet function could be demonstrated between the two groups. Inhibited fibrinolysis, as reflected by less depression of the euglobulin clot lysis and no rise in D-dimer levels, was significant in the epsilon-aminocaproic acid group compared with the placebo group, Conclusion: The intraoperative use of epsilon-aminocaproic acid reduces postoperative cardiac surgical bleeding. C1 UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,SCH MED,MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,WORCESTER,MA 01655. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,SCH MED,MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIA,WORCESTER,MA 01655. BOSTON UNIV,USN,BLOOD RES LAB,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02215. RP VanderSalm, TJ (reprint author), UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,SCH MED,DEPT SURG,DIV CARDIOTHORAC SURG,MED CTR,55 LAKE AVE N,WORCESTER,MA 01655, USA. NR 45 TC 71 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-5223 J9 J THORAC CARDIOV SUR JI J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 112 IS 4 BP 1098 EP 1107 DI 10.1016/S0022-5223(96)70112-5 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA VW275 UT WOS:A1996VW27500030 PM 8873738 ER PT J AU Kuria, IM Raad, PE AF Kuria, IM Raad, PE TI An implicit multidomain spectral collocation method for the simulation orf gas bearings between textured surfaces SO JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID INDUCED SHEAR-FILM; ROUGHNESS; LUBRICATION; EQUATION AB This work presents an implicit, multidomain, Chebyshev spectral collocation method for the solution of the compressible Reynolds equation of lubrication for a self-acting air bearing supporting a taper-flat slider. The method maintains second-order accuracy in time and exponential accuracy in space. Multiple domains are introduced to allow for the distribution of additional collocation points in the boundary layer regions without increasing the number of collocation points everywhere else in the computational domain. Multiple domains are also used to resolve individual sinusoidal roughness waves, demonstrating the method's utility in resolving geometric and/or flow features in rite interior of the computational domain. The ordinary differential equations governing the slider's two degrees of freedom are integrated in time by the use of a fourth-order Adams-Bashforth method which allows for accurate and efficient coupling with the fluid dynamics of the gas bearing. The strength of the multidomain pseudospectral method in resolving problems with important geometric features and boundary layers is demonstrated by numerical experiments for sliders possessing different taper lengths and surface textures. C1 SO METHODIST UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,DALLAS,TX 75275. RP Kuria, IM (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,DETACHMENT NEW LONDON,NEW LONDON,CT 06320, USA. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0742-4787 J9 J TRIBOL-T ASME JI J. Tribol.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 1996 VL 118 IS 4 BP 783 EP 793 DI 10.1115/1.2831609 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA VP237 UT WOS:A1996VP23700011 ER PT J AU Ward, JF Nowacki, M Sands, JP Conner, RJ Huisman, TK AF Ward, JF Nowacki, M Sands, JP Conner, RJ Huisman, TK TI Malignant cytological washings from radical prostatectomy specimens: A possible mechanism for local recurrence of prostate cancer following surgical treatment of organ confined disease SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostate; neoplasm recurrence, local; cytology; prostatectomy ID CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; TUMOR AB Purpose: Local recurrence of prostate cancer following complete and successful resection of organ confined disease has been variably reported in men. We hypothesized that observed secretions from the cut distal urethra during radical prostatectomy may contain malignant prostatic epithelial cells and contribute to this problem. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was done of prostate cytology specimens from 50 consecutive men with clinically organ confined adenocarcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical retropubic or radical perineal prostatectomy. Direct cytological evaluation by 1 examiner was used to identify malignant or benign cells in these washings. Results: Of 33 radical perineal and 17 radical retropubic prostatectomy specimens organ confinement was confirmed in 58%. Malignant prostatic epithelial cells were observed in 24% of all cytology specimens. Of cytological washings from prostates with pathologically confirmed organ confined cancers 17% showed malignant cells. While perineural invasion was noted in a majority of tumors with positive washings, only Gleason grade was a statistically significant predictor of recurrence (p = 0.009). Surgical approach did not alter the rate of positive cytology. Conclusions: Malignant prostatic epithelial cells can be identified in the prostatic washings from men with pathologically organ confined prostate cancer. Surgical approach did not change the cytological findings. Gleason grade is a statistically significant predictor of cytological malignancy, These cells may represent a mechanism of failure following successful radical prostatectomy. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT UROL,LAB PATHOL DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Ward, JF (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 156 IS 4 BP 1381 EP 1384 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)65591-5 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VH857 UT WOS:A1996VH85700033 PM 8808876 ER PT J AU Ward, JF Nowacki, M Sands, JP Conner, RJ Huisman, TK AF Ward, JF Nowacki, M Sands, JP Conner, RJ Huisman, TK TI Malignant cytological washings from radical prostatectomy specimens: A possible mechanism for local recurrence of prostate cancer following surgical treatment of organ confined disease - Reply SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT UROL,LAB PATHOL DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Ward, JF (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 156 IS 4 BP 1384 EP 1385 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VH857 UT WOS:A1996VH85700035 ER PT J AU Greinwald, JH Holtel, MR AF Greinwald, JH Holtel, MR TI Absorption of topical cocaine in rhinologic procedures SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Southern-Section of the American-Laryngological-Rhinological-and-Otological-Society-Inc CY JAN 05, 1996 CL NAPLES, FL SP Amer Laryngol Rhinol & Otol Soc, So Sect ID BENZOYLECGONINE AB Although topical intranasal cocaine remains a common anesthetic in nasal surgery, controversy surrounds its dosage and mucosal absorption, A prospective study of 12 patients undergoing nasal surgery was performed to evaluate the absorption of cocaine solution from standard cotton pledgets. Of a 160-mg cocaine solution applied, a mean amount of 102 mg or 63.8% was recovered by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis, Similar analysis of nasopharyngeal packs revealed less than 1.5% cocaine loss in the nasopharynx, Serum levels of cocaine were rarely detectable and did not correlate with either the amount of nasal absorption or time of mucosal contact. These results indicate that less than 37% of cocaine is absorbed from cotton pledgets during nasal surgery. The cocaine dose of 160 mg, used by many otolaryngologists, did not result in significant plasma levels. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,PORTSMOUTH,VA. EASTERN VIRGINIA MED SCH,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,NORFOLK,VA 23501. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LARYNGOSCOPE CO PI ST LOUIS PA 10 S BROADWAY 14TH FLOOR, ST LOUIS, MO 63102-1741 SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD OCT PY 1996 VL 106 IS 10 BP 1223 EP 1225 DI 10.1097/00005537-199610000-00009 PG 3 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA VL057 UT WOS:A1996VL05700009 PM 8849789 ER PT J AU Ly, LN AF Ly, LN TI A numerical algorithm for solving a coupled problem of the air-sea-wave interaction SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article DE numerical algorithm; computing scheme; air-sea-wave interaction; numerical modeling; air-sea boundary layers; wind-induced waves ID BOUNDARY-LAYER STRUCTURE; MODEL AB The ''partly coupled'' algorithm and numerical schemes are developed to solve a coupled model of air-sea-wave interaction, using the matrix and simple pivotal-condensation methods. The ''partly coupled'' algorithm is used to handle boundary conditions at the air-sea interface to allow for solving systems of the atmospheric and oceanic equations, as two separate systems. This ''partly coupled'' algorithm is simpler, more effective, and requires less computing efforts to solve an air-sea-wave coupled model compared to the ''fully coupled'' algorithm developed by Ly [1] for solving a coupled model of the baroclinic atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers. In the numerical schemes, the buoyancy terms of dissipation and TKE budget equations are used as conditions for rearranging equation coefficient vectors to satisfy stability conditions. The mathematical coupled model of the air-sea-wave system is also presented. The model equations are written in the same form for both atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers, and include equations for momentum, the k-epsilon turbulence scheme, and stratification in the atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers. In the model, ocean wind-induced wave effects are modeled by using boundary conditions for the turbulent energy dissipation at the interface in a k-epsilon turbulence closure of the coupled model. Numerical experiments are designed for various geostrophic winds, wave heights, and wave ages under neutral atmospheric stratification to demonstrate an example in solving a coupled model of the air-sea-wave system. The numerical simulations show that surface wind-induced waves have strong effects on the basic physical characteristics of the air-sea system. RP Ly, LN (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OCEANOG,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 24 IS 7 BP 19 EP 32 DI 10.1016/0895-7177(96)00123-9 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA VN510 UT WOS:A1996VN51000002 ER PT J AU Ng, PH Wagner, DK AF Ng, PH Wagner, DK TI A simplex algorithm for a class of Leontief flow problems SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article DE linear programming; simplex algorithm; Leontief matrices; network flows; computational complexity AB A matrix N is Leontief if it has exactly one positive entry per column and there exists a nonnegative x such that Nx > 0. A Leontief flow problem is a linear-programming problem of the form min{c(inverted perpendicular)x\Nx = b;x greater than or equal to 0}, where N is a certain type of Leontief matrix. It is shown that for b > 0 this problem can be solved in O(n(2)U log npU) pivots by the simplex method using Dantzig's rule for choosing the entering variable, where n is the number of variables, p is the largest entry of N in absolute value, and U is a valid upper bound on any extreme-point solution. Classes of problems where this is a strongly polynomial bound are identified. C1 OFF NAVAL RES,DIV MATH COMP & INFORMAT SCI,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. RP Ng, PH (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,DIV SCI & MATH,MORRIS,MN 56267, USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 24 IS 7 BP 69 EP 75 DI 10.1016/0895-7177(96)00128-8 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA VN510 UT WOS:A1996VN51000007 ER PT J AU Hurtado, SL Conway, TL AF Hurtado, SL Conway, TL TI Changes in smoking prevalence following a strict no-smoking policy in US Navy recruit training SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIOR; IMPACT; BAN; ATTITUDES; CESSATION AB This study examined 449 U.S. Navy recruits who reported that they were current smokers upon entering Navy recruit training, Recruits were prohibited from using tobacco for the duration of the 8 weeks of basic training, Participants completed tobacco surveys at entry into the Navy, upon graduation from recruit training, and after 1 year of service, Forty percent of the smokers at entry into the Navy changed their classification to former smokers at the end of recruit training, At the 1-year follow-up, 19% of the initial smokers classified themselves as former smokers, Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that having a higher intent to quit was predictive of reporting oneself as a former smoker at recruit training graduation. Smoking fewer cigarettes per day at entry into the Navy and more years of regular tobacco use were predictive of reporting oneself as a former smoker at the 1-year follow-up, Findings from this study suggested a meaningful impact of the Navy's no-smoking policy during recruit training in reducing smoking prevalence. RP Hurtado, SL (reprint author), USN,HLTH RES CTR,DEPT HLTH SCI & EPIDEMIOL,POB 85122,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 161 IS 10 BP 571 EP 576 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VN509 UT WOS:A1996VN50900001 PM 8918116 ER PT J AU Wood, DP AF Wood, DP TI Sexual abuse during childhood and adolescence and its effects on the physical and emotional quality of life of the survivor: A review of the literature SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC PELVIC PAIN; HEALTH RISK; WOMEN; HISTORY; MANAGEMENT; DISSOCIATION; PREVALENCE; DIAGNOSIS; VARIABLES; DISORDER C1 USN,RESERVE READINESS CTR,NR FLEET HOSP,AURORA,CO. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 161 IS 10 BP 582 EP 587 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VN509 UT WOS:A1996VN50900003 PM 8918118 ER PT J AU Voge, VM AF Voge, VM TI Self-reported menstrual concerns of US Air Force and US Army rated women aircrew SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB A comprehensive anonymous questionnaire survey of all U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force rated female aircrew, with age- and duty-matched males, was conducted. This report addresses the menstrual concerns part of the questionnaire, which sought information from women on discomfort problems during the menstrual cycle and methods used for combating this discomfort. Five hundred sixty-seven women were surveyed. Only 9% of respondents admitted to having any menstrual complaints and, of these, only 17% attempted to take themselves off the flight schedule during the problem days. Even so, 41% of all women aircrew admitted to taking some form of medication for menstrual discomfort while on flight status. Most respondents to this section of the questionnaire were openly hostile, seemingly sensitive to sex-specific questions, This could be a safety-of-flight issue, in that menstrual symptoms could be a serious in-flight distraction to the female aircrew member. RP Voge, VM (reprint author), USN,SCH HLTH SCI,SAN DIEGO DETACHMENT,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 161 IS 10 BP 614 EP 615 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VN509 UT WOS:A1996VN50900009 PM 8918123 ER PT J AU Deutsch, WM Simecek, JW AF Deutsch, WM Simecek, JW TI Dental emergencies among marines ashore in Operations Desert Shield/Storm SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of dental emergency visits for Marine Corps personnel ashore during Operations Desert Shield/Storm. We investigated the period of August 18, 1990, through April 19, 1991, during which 16 dental treatment facilities treated 4,776 dental emergencies in Marine Corps personnel. All dental treatment facilities maintained log books of dental treatment rendered, from which data were obtained, For the 35 weeks, a rate of 100.5 emergencies/1,000 Marines was calculated. The range, on a per week basis, was 1,4 to 4.6 emergencies/1,000 Marines. Caries, defective restorations, and endodontic complaints accounted for 54.3% of emergency visits. RP Deutsch, WM (reprint author), USN,INST DENT RES,DEPT CLIN INVEST,2701 N SHERIDAN RD,BLDG 1 H,GREAT LAKES,IL 60088, USA. NR 6 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 161 IS 10 BP 620 EP 623 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VN509 UT WOS:A1996VN50900011 PM 8918125 ER PT J AU Becker, W Trumper, J Lundgren, SC Cordes, JM Zepka, AF AF Becker, W Trumper, J Lundgren, SC Cordes, JM Zepka, AF TI ROSAT observations of the binary millisecond pulsar PSR j0751+1807 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Letter DE binaries, general; stars, individual, RX J075109.7+180736; stars, neutron; pulsars, individual, PSR J0751+1807; X-rays, general ID RAPIDLY SPINNING PULSARS; ENERGETIC RADIATION; X-RAYS AB We report the discovery of the binary millisecond pulsar PSR J0751+1807 in the soft X-ray domain with ROSAT. The low number of source counts does not allow a detailed spectral modelling. Assuming an energy spectrum similar to that of PSR J0437-4715 implies, for the pulsar X-ray flux, f(x) similar to 1 x 10(-13) erg s(-1) cm(-2) within the 0.1-2.4 keV energy range. This corresponds to an X-ray luminosity of L(x) similar to 4.7 x 10(31) erg s(-1) if we adopt the dispersion measure based pulsar distance of 2 kpc. A photon arrival time analysis does not reveal significant X-ray pulses. A sine-wave fit to the folded light curve results in a 2 sigma pulsed fraction upper limit of 35 per cent. C1 USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. CORNELL UNIV,ITHACA,NY 14853. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Becker, W (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST EXTRATERR PHYS,D-85740 GARCHING,GERMANY. NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 282 IS 3 BP L33 EP L36 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VK875 UT WOS:A1996VK87500001 ER PT J AU Chang, CP Chen, JM Harr, PA Carr, LE AF Chang, CP Chen, JM Harr, PA Carr, LE TI Northwestward-propagating wave patterns over the tropical western North Pacific during summer SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID SYNOPTIC-SCALE DISTURBANCES; MULTIPLE SETS; DATA FIELDS; CYCLONES AB The possible relationship between northwestward-propagating wave disturbances and tropical cyclones over the tropical western North Pacific during summer is studied using data assimilated by the navy's global model during May-September 1989-91. A multiple-set canonical correlation (MCC) analysis is applied to the 850-hPa meridional (upsilon) component over a core domain covering the western Pacific. The analysis seeks the maximal geometrically averaged correlation between 12 consecutive twice-daily fields. Two MCC components, with a 90 degrees phase difference and comparable variances that combine to nearly one-third of the total variance, describe the northwestward-propagating pattern with a period near 8-9 days. Upstream of this steady northwestward-propagating pattern there is a weaker, westward propagation along 5 degrees N that may be traced back to 170 degrees E. The surface pressure cell advancing east of the Philippines is consistent with low-level winds for a circulation in gradient wind balance. It has a zonal wavelength near 28 degrees longitude, a northeast-southwest meridional tilt, a slightly forward tilt from 850 to 300 hPa, and a phase reversal above 200 hPa. The warm core extends from 925 to 200 hPa over the surface low with maximum at 200 hPa. Although there is a positive correlation, the low-level moisture structure is different from the surface pressure and upsilon(850). A poleward moisture flux is clearly seen around the leading cell, but in the adjacent cell (with opposite polarity) to the southeast, moisture is nearly out of phase with pressure. This asymmetric moisture distribution is similar to that normally found in a tropical cyclone and its associated anticyclone where widespread subsidence dominates. Both the structure and a comparison of named storm center locations against the various phases of the MCC modes suggest that the disturbance cyclonic cells during periods of high wave amplitudes are associated with tropical cyclone occurrences. During such periods either the wave disturbances modulate the sensitivity of the tropical atmosphere to the various physical mechanisms associated with tropical cyclone occurrences, or the presence of tropical cyclones modulate the amplitude of the wave disturbances. RP Chang, CP (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT METEOROL,MR-CP,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 21 TC 68 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 124 IS 10 BP 2245 EP 2266 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1996)124<2245:NPWPOT>2.0.CO;2 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VL888 UT WOS:A1996VL88800008 ER PT J AU Henry, RL Nordquist, PER Gorman, RJ Blakemore, JS Moore, WJ AF Henry, RL Nordquist, PER Gorman, RJ Blakemore, JS Moore, WJ TI Zone melt growth of GaAs for gamma ray detector applications SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID SEMI-INSULATING GAAS; GALLIUM-ARSENIDE AB Vertical Zone Melt Growth (VZM) is being investigated as a technique for preparation of bulk GaAs crystals with applications as ambient temperature gamma ray detectors/spectrometers. Zone refining (repeated passes of a molten zone across a crystal) and zone levelling (one pass of a molten zone which is gallium rich) are being investigated for improving the purity of bulk GaAs and lowering the deep level donor defect (EL2) concentration. GaAs which has been zone refined and GaAs which has been zone levelled with a gallium rich melt have been grown, characterized and processed as detectors. In this paper, we discuss details of the VZM growth of GaAs and the crystalline and electronic properties achieved by zone levelling and zone refining. C1 WESTERN WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,BELLINGHAM,WA 98225. RP Henry, RL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6872,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 30 EP 35 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00299-9 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700009 ER PT J AU McGregor, DS Antolak, AJ Cross, ES Fang, ZQ Goorsky, MS Henry, RL James, RB Look, DC Mier, MG Morse, DH Nordquist, PER Olsen, R Schieber, M Schlesinger, TE Soria, E Toney, JE VanScyoc, J Yoon, H AF McGregor, DS Antolak, AJ Cross, ES Fang, ZQ Goorsky, MS Henry, RL James, RB Look, DC Mier, MG Morse, DH Nordquist, PER Olsen, R Schieber, M Schlesinger, TE Soria, E Toney, JE VanScyoc, J Yoon, H TI Material analysis and characterization on zone refined and zone leveled vertical zone melt GaAs for radiation spectrometers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID LIQUID-ENCAPSULATED CZOCHRALSKI; BULK GAAS; DETECTORS; CRYSTALS; GROWTH; CENTERS; FIELD AB GaAs is a wide band gap (1.42 eV) semiconductor that has shown promise as a room temperature operated gamma-ray detector. A practical gamma-ray detector would be large in volume, hence the resistivity of the material must be high to ensure large depletion volumes and low leakage currents. Commercially available semi-insulating (SI) bulk GaAs is compensated by a balance between native defect deep donors (EL2) and residual dopant impurities. The high concentrations of electrically active deep and shallow levels are believed to contribute to electric field distortions observed in gamma-ray detectors fabricated from SI bulk GaAs. Hence, the controlled reduction of native defects and contaminant impurities may yield improved bulk GaAs for gamma-ray detectors. Custom grown vertical zone melt (VZM) bulk GaAs is presently under investigation as an alternative material for room temperature operated gamma-ray detectors. The VZM technique allows for zone refinement (ZR) and zone leveling (ZL) of the GaAs ingots. Custom growth of the material allows for controlled changes in the bulk crystal, including deliberate reductions in EL2 and impurity concentrations. Comparisons are made to commercial vertical gradient freeze (VGF) and liquid encapsulated Czochralski (LEG) bulk GaAs. C1 CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. SOLID STATE ELECT DIRECTORATE,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP McGregor, DS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS-671,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 84 EP 87 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00337-3 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700021 ER PT J AU Moore, WJ Henry, RL Nordquist, PER AF Moore, WJ Henry, RL Nordquist, PER TI Properties of gallium arsenide purified by zone refining and zone levelling SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID GAAS; GROWTH AB Bulk GaAs purified in a vertical zone melt (VZM) process by zone refining and zone levelling has been evaluated with emphasis on those properties required for high energy gamma-ray spectrometers. Concentrations for the major electrically active centers: EL2 and the shallow accepters C and Zn have been determined. Shallow acceptor concentrations have been determined by infrared spectroscopy including electronic 1s-2p and local vibrational mode absorption measurements. EL2 concentrations were determined from near-IR absorption. Zinc was found to be a major contaminant in commercial LEC material, often present in concentrations exceeding that of carbon. Zone refining has established a distribution coefficient, k(Zn), of 0.6 for zinc. By contrast, the apparent distribution coefficient for carbon, k(C), was found to be in the range 0.9 < k(C) < 1.1. This is substantially nearer 1 than the range of values found in other recent experiments. EL2, the dominant electrically active defect in commercial LEC material, is present in crystals grown from stoichiometric melts with concentrations in the high 10(15) cm(-3) range. Gallium doping yields a further reduction in EL2 concentration but requires use of Ga with greater than 6-9s purity to avoid contaminating previously zone-refined material. RP Moore, WJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 102 EP 106 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00340-3 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700025 ER PT J AU McGregor, DS Chui, HC Flatley, JE Henry, RL Nordquist, PER Olsen, RW Pocha, M Wang, CL AF McGregor, DS Chui, HC Flatley, JE Henry, RL Nordquist, PER Olsen, RW Pocha, M Wang, CL TI Comparison of vertical gradient freeze bulk GaAs and custom grown vertical zone melt bulk GaAs as radiation spectrometers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Room Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, Associated Electronics and Applications CY SEP 18-22, 1995 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CNRS, CEA, European Mat Res Soc, European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Mairie Grenoble, Sandia Natl Lab, Soc Electriciens & Electroniciens Dauphine Savoie, Conseil Gen Isere, Sci Applicat Int Corp ID PARTICLE DETECTORS; N-GAAS; FIELD AB Custom grown vertical zone melt (VZM) ingots of GaAs have been zone refined and zone leveled. The crystallinity, impurity concentrations, defect concentrations, and electrical properties of the ingots have been studied. Radiation detectors fabricated from the ingots have been compared to radiation detectors fabricated from commercially available vertical gradient freeze (VGF) material. Preliminary results suggest that electrical homogeneity may be a major factor in determining the performance of GaAs gamma ray detectors. Deep level EL2 concentrations were reduced in the VZM material, however gamma ray detectors fabricated from the material exhibited inferior resolution. Commercial semi-insulating bulk VGF GaAs material demonstrated much better resolution than the VZM detectors, giving best energy resolutions of 7.8% FWHM for 122 keV gamma rays and 5% FWHM for 356 keV gamma rays. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. DELECTRONIX,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP McGregor, DS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS-9671,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 165 EP 168 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)00302-6 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA VW527 UT WOS:A1996VW52700039 ER PT J AU Irwin, DE Savitz, DA Bowes, WA StAndre, KA AF Irwin, DE Savitz, DA Bowes, WA StAndre, KA TI Race, age, and cesarean delivery in a military population SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SECTION; CALIFORNIA; RATES; RISE AB Objective: To evaluate the relationship between race, age, and the risk of cesarean delivery. Methods: This was a cohort study of 3603 nulliparous enlisted United States Navy women who were on active duty and had a singleton delivery between October 1987 and September 1989. Type of delivery and complications of pregnancy, labor, or delivery were identified through hospital discharge diagnoses codes. Demographic risk factors were obtained from military personnel files. Results: Women over age 30 had a significantly increased risk of cesarean delivery (odds ratio [OR] 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-1.9) compared with women under age 30. Multiple logistic regression modeling adjusted for education, marital status, military rank, type of hospital, and complications of pregnancy, labor and delivery showed African-American women over age 30 to have a significantly increased risk for cesarean delivery (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.1-4.2) compared with white women over age 30. Among women under 30, African-Americans were not at a greater risk of cesarean delivery (OR 1.1; 95% CI 0.89-1.3). Other demographic factors were not related to the risk of cesarean delivery, but complications of pregnancy, labor, and delivery were strong predictors. Conclusion: We observed an increased risk in this unique population over age 30. Active duty military women serve as a useful population to examine demographic differences because of equitable access to medical care. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,CHAPEL HILL,NC. UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,CHAPEL HILL,NC. USN,BUR MED & SURG,WASHINGTON,DC 20350. NR 18 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 88 IS 4 BP 530 EP 533 DI 10.1016/0029-7844(96)00263-3 PN 1 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA VK449 UT WOS:A1996VK44900009 PM 8841212 ER PT J AU Forsnes, EV Segna, RA AF Forsnes, EV Segna, RA TI Dural ectasia presenting as an adnexal mass SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMAGING EVALUATION; MR AB Background: Dural ectasia associated with the sacrum is uncommon, even more so in presenting as an adnexal mass. Case: A 49-year-old, postmenopausal woman presented with the ultrasonographic finding of a complex left adnexal mass. Diagnostic laparoscopy revealed a 2-cm left ovarian cystic lesion and a 6-cm retroperitoneal mass. Subsequent laparotomy revealed bilateral, retroperitoneal, cystic masses attached to the anterior sacrum. Postoperative pelvic magnetic resonance imaging revealed multilevel dural ectasia involving the ventral foramina of the sacrum, with extension into the pelvis most prominent on the left at the S1-S2 level. Conclusion: Dural ectasia, as well as other growths of neurologic origin, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of the pelvic mass. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,DIV GYNECOL ONCOL,PORTSMOUTH,VA 23708. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 88 IS 4 SU S BP 712 EP 713 DI 10.1016/0029-7844(96)00099-3 PN 2 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA VL281 UT WOS:A1996VL28100028 PM 8841263 ER PT J AU Germain, M Rarick, T Robins, E AF Germain, M Rarick, T Robins, E TI Management of intermittent ovarian torsion by laparoscopic oophoropexy SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADNEXAL TORSION; UTERINE ADNEXA; CHILDREN AB Background: Ovarian torsion is a serious gynecologic condition that often results in adnexal removal. If recurrent, this can result in castration of young patients. Torsion in the pediatric population is rare, but it presents more management challenges for gynecologists. There are few reports of prophylactic oophoropexy in patients with intermittent torsion. Case: A patient with a history of left adnexal torsion was treated with salpingo-oophorectomy at age 10. She subsequently presented at age 12 with right lower quadrant pain, and was found to have a 7 x 6 cm right adnexal mass on ultrasound examination. She was diagnosed with ovarian edema secondary to intermittent torsion. At laparoscopy, she was found to have a 3-cm utero-ovarian ligament. She was treated with laparoscopic shortening of the utero-ovarian ligament, and has remained symptom-free for 1 year. Conclusion: We believe that this is the first reported case of laparoscopic triplication of the utero-ovarian ligament to prevent recurrent torsion. In young patients, this treatment may be a reasonable alternative to oophoropexy as prophylaxis for ovarian torsion. C1 USN,NATL MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,BETHESDA,MD. NR 15 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 88 IS 4 SU S BP 715 EP 717 DI 10.1016/0029-7844(96)00096-8 PN 2 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA VL281 UT WOS:A1996VL28100030 PM 8841265 ER PT J AU Forsnes, EV Eggleston, MK Burtman, M AF Forsnes, EV Eggleston, MK Burtman, M TI Placental abruption and spontaneous rupture of renal angiomyolipoma in a pregnant woman with tuberous sclerosis SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article RP Forsnes, EV (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,PORTSMOUTH,VA 23708, USA. NR 4 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 88 IS 4 SU S BP 725 EP 725 DI 10.1016/0029-7844(96)00276-1 PN 2 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA VL281 UT WOS:A1996VL28100036 PM 8841271 ER PT J AU Galdorisi, G AF Galdorisi, G TI The United States Freedom of Navigation Program: A bridge for international compliance with the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea? SO OCEAN DEVELOPMENT AND INTERNATIONAL LAW LA English DT Article C1 USN,CORONADO,CA 92118. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0090-8320 J9 OCEAN DEV INT LAW JI Ocean Dev. Int. Law PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 27 IS 4 BP 399 EP 408 PG 10 WC International Relations; Law SC International Relations; Government & Law GA VR511 UT WOS:A1996VR51100004 ER PT J AU Kessler, HP AF Kessler, HP TI Median rhomboid glossitis SO ORAL SURGERY ORAL MEDICINE ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL RADIOLOGY AND ENDODONTICS LA English DT Letter RP Kessler, HP (reprint author), USN,SCH DENT,NATL NAVAL MED CTR,BETHESDA,MD 20814, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 1079-2104 J9 ORAL SURG ORAL MED O JI Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 82 IS 4 BP 360 EP 360 DI 10.1016/S1079-2104(96)80293-9 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VQ037 UT WOS:A1996VQ03700002 PM 8899768 ER PT J AU Kelly, KE Mohs, DC AF Kelly, KE Mohs, DC TI The external auditory canal - Anatomy and physiology SO OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID IMPACTED CERUMEN; BREAST FLUID; OTITIS; WAX AB The external auditory canal (EAC) performs both auditory and nonauditory functions. Although relatively simple compared with other portions of the ear, the anatomy and physiology of the EAC are well adapted to permit efficient function under environment extremes in temperature, humidity, bacterial colonization, and trauma. This article closely examines the embryology, anatomy, and physiology of the normal EAC. A discussion of cerumen impaction, the most common disease of the EAC, is also included. RP Kelly, KE (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 50 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0030-6665 J9 OTOLARYNG CLIN N AM JI Otolaryngol. Clin. N. Am. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 29 IS 5 BP 725 EP & PG 16 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA VK808 UT WOS:A1996VK80800003 PM 8893213 ER PT J AU Stevens, DM Weiss, DD Koller, WA Bianchi, DA AF Stevens, DM Weiss, DD Koller, WA Bianchi, DA TI Survival of normothermic microvascular flaps after prolonged secondary ischemia: Effects of hyperbaric oxygen SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID SKIN FLAPS; FREE-RADICALS; REPERFUSION AB Although hyperbaric oxygen has been shown to improve the survival rate of ischemic grafts and flaps of many types, it has not been studied extensively in free tissue transfer. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen on flap survival when exposed to critical combinations of primary ischemia, reperfusion, and secondary ischemia times. Unilateral abdominal adipocutaneous island flaps based on the superficial inferior epigastric vessels were raised in 133 Sprague-Dawley rats. Primary normothermic ischemia was induced by applying a microvascular clamp to the vascular pedicle for 6 hours. The clamp was removed for 2 hours of reperfusion and then reapplied for a 6-, 10-, or 14-hour period of secondary ischemia. After completion of the secondary ischemia time, the clamp was removed, and the animals were randomly assigned to one of three treatment regimens. The control animals breathed normobaric air, and the others breathed normobaric 100% oxygen or hyperbaric oxygen (100% oxygen at the equivalent of 33 feet of seawater, 2.0 atmospheres absolute), respectively, for two periods of 90 minutes for 7 days. Flap survival was assessed at postoperative day 7 and was found to be an all-or-none phenomenon. Maximum likelihood-derived survival curves were fitted to the data and used to calculate the secondary ischemic time at which 50% of the flaps survived (D50). The D50 for the air and 100% oxygen groups was 6 hours, whereas that for the hyperbaric oxygen group was 10 hours. This difference in D50 was found to be statistically significant (analysis of variance, p < 0.05). Chi-squared statistical evaluation of pooled data reaffirmed a statistically significant increase in flap survival of the animals treated with hyperbaric oxygen vs. those treated with air or 100% oxygen (p < 0.03 and p < 0.01, respectively). Hyperbaric oxygen enhances the tolerance of normothermic, microvascular flaps to prolonged secondary ischemia. A similar effect was not noted in the 100% oxygen group; therefore the additional expense and technology of a hyperbaric chamber system is necessary to achieve this effect. C1 NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG, BETHESDA, MD USA. USN, MED RES INST, DIVING MED DEPT, BETHESDA, MD USA. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 115 IS 4 BP 360 EP 364 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA VN797 UT WOS:A1996VN79700013 PM 8861891 ER PT J AU Saccuzzo, DP Craig, AS Johnson, NE Larson, GE AF Saccuzzo, DP Craig, AS Johnson, NE Larson, GE TI Gender differences in dynamic spatial abilities SO PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES LA English DT Article ID SEX-RELATED DIFFERENCES; PERFORMANCE-FACTORS; META-ANALYSIS; INTELLIGENCE; TESTS AB Gender differences in spatial ability were evaluated for two computerized dynamic (one power and one speed) and two static paper and pencil (one power and one speed) tests over sessions. Four factors were evaluated in a factorial design: gender, practice (i.e. session), paper and pencil vs dynamic (i.e. computerized) spatial tests, and power vs speed. A total of 250 paid volunteer men and women were tested in a counterbalanced design over two sessions. Results revealed two significant (P <0.05) triple interactions involving gender, session, and power vs speed as well as dynamic vs paper and pencil tests. Although men generally did better than women and all subjects improved with practice, women improved at a faster rate for the speeded computer task and were not statistically different from the men at session 2. Future research should be directed toward two main thrusts: the effects of practice on the power tests and the effect of practice on the predictive validity of the speeded computerized tests. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USN,CTR PERSONNEL RES & DEV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. RP Saccuzzo, DP (reprint author), SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV,6363 ALVARADO COURT,SUITE 103,SAN DIEGO,CA 92120, USA. NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0191-8869 J9 PERS INDIV DIFFER JI Pers. Individ. Differ. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 21 IS 4 BP 599 EP 607 DI 10.1016/0191-8869(96)00090-6 PG 9 WC Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA VJ665 UT WOS:A1996VJ66500015 ER PT J AU Agassi, D Cullen, JR AF Agassi, D Cullen, JR TI Current-phase relation in an intermediately coupled superconductor-superconductor junction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID JOSEPHSON-JUNCTIONS; ANDREEV SCATTERING; INTERFACE STATES; CLEAN LIMIT; WEAK LINKS; HETEROJUNCTIONS; ENERGY AB The limiting configuration of the S-N-S' junction in which the N-layer thickness is of the order of the screening length in metals (approximate to 1-2 Angstrom) may serve as a model for a clean S-S' interface. This configuration supports one N-layer-attached gap state (manifold), with eigenenergy close to and less than the smaller superconducting gap. This gap state is interpreted as the excitation associated with breakage of interface-attached Cooper pairs, comprised of one electron from each side of the thin-N layer. The corresponding junction's current-phase (psi) relation is calculated. The gap state is shown to contribute an appreciable ''sin(2 psi)'' correction term to the ''sin(psi)'' Josephson term. The corresponding maximum-current magnetic-flux dependence of a two-junction configuration (SQUID) is predicted to have zeros shifted from their common loci at half-integer flux quanta. RP Agassi, D (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,WHITE OAK SITE,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 14 BP 10112 EP 10120 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.10112 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM546 UT WOS:A1996VM54600079 ER PT J AU Sprangle, P Esarey, E Krall, J AF Sprangle, P Esarey, E Krall, J TI Self-guiding and stability of intense optical beams in gases undergoing ionization SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; RADIATION BEAMS; ACCELERATION; PULSE; PLASMAS; FREQUENCY; FIELD; GENERATION; MODULATION; WAVES AB The propagation of intense optical beams in gases undergoing ionization is analyzed. Two types of optical beam modes are considered: a fundamental Gaussian and a higher-order radially polarized beam. The propagation dynamics include the effects of diffraction, nonlinear self-focusing, and ionization. For sufficiently intense optical beams the neutral gas undergoes ionization, generating a plasma which tends to defocus the beam. An envelope equation governing the spot size for both types of beams is derived, analyzed, and solved numerically. Self-guided solutions, which result from a balancing of diffraction, plasma defocusing, and nonlinear self-focusing, are analyzed for both types of beams. These equilibrium solutions are found to be unstable due to an ionization-modulation instability for which asymptotic growth rates are obtained. A self-guided inverse Cherenkov accelerator based on the higher-order radially polarized mode is proposed and analyzed. In addition, the depletion of the optical field due to collision and ionization losses is analyzed and the attenuation length is derived. RP Sprangle, P (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, DIV PLASMA PHYS, BEAM PHYS BRANCH, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 64 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 4211 EP 4232 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.4211 PN B PG 22 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA VN177 UT WOS:A1996VN17700041 ER PT J AU Tsang, KY Ngai, KL AF Tsang, KY Ngai, KL TI Relaxation in interacting arrays of oscillators SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID JOSEPHSON-JUNCTION ARRAYS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; DYNAMICS AB We analyze a system of interacting arrays of globally coupled nonlinear oscillators. The relaxation in the interacting arrays with different interaction strengths is compared to that in an array not subject to interaction with others. The relaxation of the latter is found to be an exponential function of time. On the other hand the relaxation of the interacting arrays is slowed down and departs from an exponential of time. There exists a crossover time, t(c), before which relaxation of the interacting arrays is still an exponential function. However, beyond t(c) relaxation is no longer exponential but well approximated by a stretched exponential exp[-(t/r)beta]. The fractional exponent beta decreases further from unity with increasing interaction strength. The result bears strong similarity to the basic features suggested by the coupling model and seen experimentally by neutron scattering for relaxation in densely packed interacting molecules in glass-forming liquids. C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102. RP Tsang, KY (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 18 TC 115 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP R3067 EP R3070 PN A PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA VN176 UT WOS:A1996VN17600002 ER PT J AU Swanekamp, SB Grossmann, JM Fruchtman, A Oliver, BV Ottinger, PF AF Swanekamp, SB Grossmann, JM Fruchtman, A Oliver, BV Ottinger, PF TI Particle-in-cell simulations of fast magnetic field penetration into plasmas due to the Hall electric field SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID OPENING SWITCH; CURRENTS; DENSITY AB Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations are used to study the penetration of magnetic field into plasmas in the electron-magnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) regime. These simulations represent the first definitive verification of EMHD with a PIC code. When ions are immobile, the PIC results reproduce many aspects of fluid treatments of the problem. However, the PIC results show a speed of penetration that is between 10% and 50% slower than predicted by one-dimensional fluid treatments. In addition, the PIC simulations show the formation of vortices in the electron flow behind the EMHD shock front. The size of these vortices is on the order of the collisionless electron skin depth and is closely coupled to the effects of electron inertia. An energy analysis shows that one-half the energy entering the plasma is stored as magnetic field energy while the other half is shared between internal plasma energy (thermal motion and electron vortices) and electron kinetic energy loss from the volume to the boundaries. The amount of internal plasma energy saturates after an initial transient phase so that late in time the rate that magnetic energy increases in the plasma is the same as the rate at which kinetic energy flows out through the boundaries. When ions are mobile it is observed that axial magnetic field penetration is followed by localized thinning in the ion density. The density thinning is produced by the large electrostatic fields that exist inside the electron vortices which act to reduce the space-charge imbalance necessary to support the vortices. This mechanism may play a role during the opening process of a plasma opening switch. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, RES LAB, DIV PLASMA PHYS, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 32 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 1996 VL 3 IS 10 BP 3556 EP 3563 DI 10.1063/1.871946 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VL795 UT WOS:A1996VL79500005 ER PT J AU Owen, G AF Owen, G TI Political economy of fairness - Zajac,EE SO PUBLIC CHOICE LA English DT Book Review RP Owen, G (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-5829 J9 PUBLIC CHOICE JI Public Choice PD OCT PY 1996 VL 89 IS 1-2 BP 214 EP 217 PG 4 WC Economics; Political Science SC Business & Economics; Government & Law GA VP167 UT WOS:A1996VP16700016 ER PT J AU Langland, RH Elsberry, RL Errico, RM AF Langland, RH Elsberry, RL Errico, RM TI Adjoint sensitivity of an idealized extratropical cyclone with moist physical processes SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE adjoint model; explosive cyclone development; diabatic heating; latent-heat release; mesoscale modelling; sensitivity analysis ID EXPLOSIVELY DEEPENING CYCLONE; SURFACE-ENERGY FLUXES; NCAR MESOSCALE MODEL; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; WESTERN ATLANTIC; MARINE CYCLONE; CYCLOGENESIS; HEAT; ASSIMILATION; DIAGNOSTICS AB An adjoint model (MAMS1) that includes parametrizations for convective (subgrid-scale), and non-convective (grid-scale) precipitation, and surface latent-heat flux is used to investigate an idealized extratropical cyclogenesis. The adjoint sensitivity information demonstrates the effects that perturbations of model variables and parameters at various times during the cyclone life cycle have on forecast cyclone intensity. For a nonlinear trajectory that includes precipitation processes and surface latent-heat flux, the accuracy of the tangent-linear and adjoint model is much higher when moist physical processes are included. Inclusion of moist processes in the adjoint model increases sensitivity magnitude compared with sensitivity obtained with a dry adjoint model, but does not alter the primary spatial pattern of sensitivity. The larger cyclone deepening rates that occur with the inclusion of moisture are related to latent-heat release from condensation of water vapour in areas of the middle and lower troposphere (the warm-front region) that are strongly sensitive to temperature perturbations in both dry and moist cyclone simulations. The effects of diabatic heating on cyclone development are interpreted as a reinforcement of dry baroclinic instability and not a separate development mechanism (which would have a unique non-baroclinic sensitivity signature). The sensitivity patterns explain why favourably positioned latent-heat release is an ingredient that can lead to explosive baroclinic development. Cyclone intensity is very sensitive to the vertical distribution of temperature perturbations, so this feature of diabatic heating is critical to the cyclone forecast. An increase in the transfer coefficient C-E, for the surface latent-heat flux can intensify the cyclone by adding moisture to the lower troposphere in the cyclone warm sector before the release of latent heat by precipitation processes. Perturbations of C-E have more effect on cyclone intensity than perturbations of the transfer coefficients involved in surface sensible-heat flux and surface stress during most of the cyclone life cycle. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA. NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES,BOULDER,CO 80307. RP Langland, RH (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV MARINE METEOROL,7 GRACE HOPPER AVE,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 48 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI READING PA 104 OXFORD ROAD, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 7LJ SN 0035-9009 J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 122 IS 536 BP 1891 EP 1920 DI 10.1256/smsqj.53607 PN B PG 30 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VY346 UT WOS:A1996VY34600007 ER PT J AU Haas, DG Siefring, CL Baumback, MM Rodriguez, P AF Haas, DG Siefring, CL Baumback, MM Rodriguez, P TI Space-flight digital signal processor system for on-board processing of experiment data SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB We have developed a digital signal processor (DSP) system to extend the capabilities of a variety of scientific instruments used to make in situ ionospheric plasma measurements from sounding rockets and spacecraft. The DSP system is extremely flexible due to the use of a field programmable gate array, sigma-delta analog-to-digital converters, and a highly integrated single-chip DSP. Using virtually identical circuitry, we have operated DSP systems processing data from low-frequency electric field detectors, Langmuir probes, and several radio-frequency receivers on several sounding rockets and spacecraft with different digital telemetry interfaces. The DSP system provides three major improvements to our instruments: (1) reduced telemetry bandwidth (data) requirements, (2) improved signal-to-noise ratio, and (3) digital antialiasing filtering. We describe our DSP system and show three examples of how we have implemented it with our instruments. Similar systems should be of interest to researchers in many fields of research. RP Haas, DG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,CHARGED PARTICLE PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 67 IS 10 BP 3751 EP 3754 DI 10.1063/1.1147143 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA VN037 UT WOS:A1996VN03700065 ER PT J AU Whitman, EC AF Whitman, EC TI 'Lighting the Littoral' ... Again SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP Whitman, EC (reprint author), USN,OFF OCEANOGRAPHER,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 37 IS 10 BP 96 EP 96 PG 1 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA VN465 UT WOS:A1996VN46500017 ER PT J AU Alemayehu, A McKirnan, MD Mozingo, RD Gray, CG AF Alemayehu, A McKirnan, MD Mozingo, RD Gray, CG TI Hypertonic saline/dextran treatment for severe pressure-driven hemorrhage in dehydrated conscious swine SO SHOCK LA English DT Article ID ORGAN BLOOD-FLOW; SALINE DEXTRAN; HYPOTENSIVE RESUSCITATION; UNCONTROLLED HEMORRHAGE; FLUID RESUSCITATION; SHOCK; VOLUME; INJURY; MODEL AB Although dehydration impairs the response to a fixed volume hemorrhage, both 7.5% hypertonic saline/6% dextran 70 (HSD; 4 mL/kg) and standard Ringer's lactate (33 mL/kg) are effective resuscitation fluids. However, the efficacy of resuscitation during continuing hemorrhage remains in question. Using a conscious swine model of continuous pressure-driven hemorrhage, we evaluated the effects of dehydration and HSD resuscitation on survival time, hemorrhage volume, regional blood flows, and central hemodynamics. Three groups of pigs were compared: euhydrated control (EC); dehydrated control (48 h water deprived) (DC); and dehydrated and resuscitated with HSD (D+HSD). All pigs were subjected to an initial 37% blood volume hemorrhage for 60 min followed by a continuous hemorrhage proportional to the instantaneous mean arterial pressure. The D+HSD pigs were resuscitated at the end of the 37% blood volume hemorrhage. Dehydration reduced body weight (-6.5 +/- .3%) and increased hematocrit (8.9 +/- 1.8%), serum osmolality (11.6 +/- .9%), serum sodium (11.9 +/- .9%), and serum total protein (9.4 +/- 1.8%). Compared with the EC group, DC had a greater increase in heart rate and arterial base deficit in response to the pressure-driven hemorrhage and a reduced pH and survival time (159 vs. 107 min). In contrast to the DC group, D+HSD had increased mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, oxygen delivery, and regional blood flows to the gut (superior mesenteric artery), kidneys, liver (hepatic artery), and adrenals at 5 min after HSD resuscitation. The HSD did not increase blood loss but tended to prolong survival (+26 min; p = .1079). Thus, dehydration compromises survival time (-33%) and the hemodynamic and metabolic responses to pressure-driven hemorrhage, while treatment with HSD improves the hemodynamic responses. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PATHOL 0612,SAN DIEGO,CA 92093. USN,MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMEDICAL PRESS PI AUGUSTA PA 1021 15TH ST, BIOTECH PARK STE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901 SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD OCT PY 1996 VL 6 IS 4 BP 298 EP 306 DI 10.1097/00024382-199610000-00013 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN106 UT WOS:A1996VN10600013 PM 8902949 ER PT J AU Alberts, VA Catalano, G Poole, MA AF Alberts, VA Catalano, G Poole, MA TI Tardive dyskinesia as a result of long-term prochlorperazine use SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME AB Prochlorperazine is a centrally acting dopamine receptor antagonist that is most commonly used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting. Like many dopamine antagonists, prochlorperazine has the ability to induce extrapyramidal reactions in susceptible patients. Rarely, however, have cases of tardive dyskinesia been caused by the long-term use of this agent. We report the case of a patient who used prochlorperazine for a prolonged period and, during hospital admission, was found to have a new movement disorder. Alternative antiemetics that do not pose a risk of movement disorders, such as ondansetron and ganisetron, are readily available and are efficacious. C1 UNIV S FLORIDA,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV MED,TAMPA,FL. UNIV S FLORIDA,DEPT INTERNAL MED,TAMPA,FL. USN,MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 89 IS 10 BP 989 EP 991 DI 10.1097/00007611-199610000-00010 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VM626 UT WOS:A1996VM62600010 PM 8865792 ER PT J AU Fountzoulas, CG Gonzales, A Hirvonen, JK Sartwell, BD Lancaster, F AF Fountzoulas, CG Gonzales, A Hirvonen, JK Sartwell, BD Lancaster, F TI Corpus Christi Army Depot ion implanter: Capabilities and capacities for industrial applications SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Surface Modification of Metals by Ion Beams (SMMIB 95) CY SEP 04-08, 1995 CL SAN SEBASTIAN, SPAIN SP INASMET DE ion implanter; capabilities; capacities; industrial ID WEAR AB The features and initial results obtained from using a large-scale production, non-mass-analyzed ion implanter installed at the Corpus Christi Army Depot (CCAD) in September 1994 will be discussed, The ISC-5000 ion implanter (Implant Sciences Corporation, Wakefield, MA) is the largest non-semiconductor implanter in the USA. This machine has been devoted to the treatment of cutting tools and other critical components of interest to the US Army. The ion implanter is a fully automated user-friendly machine. Its large-diameter (0.762 m) target platen allows the simultaneous processing of up to 500 tooling inserts of various shapes and sizes in one batch, The following types of cutting tool and material have been ion implanted with nitrogen: (1) both TiN coated and uncoated cutting tools of WC (Co) and high speed steel, which include cutting tools such as inserts, reamers, end mills and taps, and (2) Cr-plated specimens of copper-based material. The coated WC cutting tools were tested for the machining of high nickel alloys and show an average of 30% tool life improvement over non-ion-implanted TiN inserts. This performance improvement in conjunction with the large tool-volume-processing capacity make the CCAD machine economical to operate and have provided actual hardware demonstrations of the benefits of the ion implantation process. C1 USA,CORPUS CHRISTI DEPOT,CORPUS CHRISTI,TX 78419. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NATL DEF CTR ENVIRONM EXCELLENCE,JOHNSTOWN,PA 15904. RP Fountzoulas, CG (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005, USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 84 IS 1-3 BP 574 EP 578 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(96)02843-5 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VK485 UT WOS:A1996VK48500044 ER PT J AU Luscombe, JH Luban, M AF Luscombe, JH Luban, M TI Non-equilibrium structure factor for the disordering of adsorbed monolayers SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter DE low energy electron diffraction (LEED); models of non-equilibrium phenomena; models of surface kinetics; non-equilibrium thermodynamics and staticstical mechanics; surface diffusion ID KINETICS AB We consider the non-equilibrium, time-dependent elastic-scattering structure factor S(q,t), for the disordering of an ordered overlayer, initially in equilibrium at temperature T-I and characterized by the structure factor S(q,0)=chi(q,T-1), upon a Sudden increase in temperature T-I-T-F al constant coverage, such that the adsorbates equilibrate at T-F in a disordered phase. The initial decay of a peak in chi(q,T-I) proceeds exponentially in time, exp (-t/tau(q)), where tau(q) is a wavevector-dependent lifetime, before it crosses over to a power-law, t(-1) decay. When chi(q,T-I) is peaked at the boundaries of the Brillouin zone (BZ), the peak approximately maintains its shape in q-space as it decays exponentially. Except near the center of the BZ, after the peak has decayed sufficiently, the dependence of S(q,t) on q is as though the spins quasi-equilibrate to the equilibrium structure factor associated with T-F, chi(q,T-F), in that the ratio S(q,t)/chi(q,T-F) is independent of q, but is dependent on time, approaching unity as t(-1) for large t. For systems exhibiting an initial peak for q approximate to 0, the peak decays exponentially but does not preserve its shape, since tau(q) strongly depends on q, diverging as q(-2) for q-->0. For these systems too, away from the center of the BZ, S(q,t)/chi(q,T-F) rapidly evolves to a slowly decaying function of t/t(w), independent of q. In this case, however, the characteristic time scale, t(w), is anomalously long, proportional to xi(2), where xi is the correlation length associated with the initial state. This behavior of t(w), can be related to the random walk of domain boundaries. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RP Luscombe, JH (reprint author), USN, POSTGRAD SCH, DEPT PHYS, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 1996 VL 365 IS 3 BP L676 EP L680 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(96)00854-0 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VH120 UT WOS:A1996VH12000003 ER PT J AU Levine, BL Ueda, Y Faith, A June, CH AF Levine, BL Ueda, Y Faith, A June, CH TI Signal transduction properties of the T cell activation monoclonal antibody panel: Ubiquitous increase in cellular substrate tyrosine phosphorylation in the absence of detectable calcium mobilization SO TISSUE ANTIGENS LA English DT Article DE T lymphocytes; calcium; tyrosine phosphorylation ID ZETA AB A panel of coded monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) submitted to the T cell section of the Vth International Workshop and Conference on Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens was examined for the ability to induce cellular activation. Intracellular calcium levels were examined by loading resting T cells with the Ca++-specific dye Indo-1, incubating the cells with Ab, cross-linking with goat anti-mouse Ab and analyzing by flow cytometry. Only 11 out of 68 Abs induced a detectable rise in Ca++; two of these Abs induced a substantial rise in Ca++. In resting T cells, 63 of 68 Abs induced increased tyrosine phosphorylation of substrates compared to negative control. Approximately half of the Abs that induced tyrosine phosphorylation induced substrates different from those seen following treatment of cells with anti-CD3 Ab. All mAbs that induced a rise in Ca++ also induced increased tyrosine phosphorylation. These experiments show a distinct difference in the ability of cross-linked Ab to induce changes in tyrosine phosphorylation and intracellular free Ca+. Furthermore, these results indicate that transient increases in cellular substrate phosphorylation may have questionable biologic significance in T cells. C1 ST MARIANNA UNIV,SCH MED,DIV ALLERGY & RHEUMAT DIS,INST MED SCI,KANAGAWA,JAPAN. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,ST MARYS HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT IMMUNOL,LONDON,ENGLAND. RP Levine, BL (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,MS 06,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20814, USA. RI Levine, Bruce/D-1688-2009 NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0001-2815 J9 TISSUE ANTIGENS JI Tissue Antigens PD OCT PY 1996 VL 48 IS 4-I BP 319 EP 324 DI 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1996.tb02651.x PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology SC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology GA VR928 UT WOS:A1996VR92800011 PM 8946686 ER PT J AU Singer, IL LeMogne, T Donnet, C Martin, JM AF Singer, IL LeMogne, T Donnet, C Martin, JM TI Friction behavior and wear analysis of SiC sliding against Mo in SO2, O-2 and H2S at gas pressures between 4 and 40 Pa SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE vapor phase lubrication; friction; wear ID SILICON-CARBIDE; SHEAR-STRENGTH; FILMS; LUBRICATION; OXIDATION; CONTACTS AB Friction tests were performed in an ultrahigh vacuum chamber with an BC pin sliding against an Mo flat during and after exposure to gases at pressures between 4 and 40 Pa. Wear tracks, scars and debris were analyzed ex situ with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Steady-stale friction coefficients were between 0.10 and 0.15 in SO2 and O-2 gases and less than 0.01 in H2S gas; in contrast, tests performed at <10(-5) Pa after H2S exposure gave friction coefficients of about 1. SEM/EDX of wear features formed in SO2 and O-2 tests showed that tracks on Mo and sears on SiC were covered and surrounded by small (1-5 mu m), flakelike Mo particles. In contrast, tracks formed in H2S had long stretches of a smoothly burnished surface with very little debris. TEM of wear debris collected from both pin and flat also found only metallic Mo particles. The lubricant afforded by the gases is discussed in terms of the third-body products formed during sliding, and the friction and wear behavior in SO2 and O-2 is accounted for by the adhesive junction theory of Bowden and Tabor. C1 ECOLE CENT LYON, LAB TRIBOL & DYNAM SYST, F-69131 ECULLY, FRANCE. RP Singer, IL (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 47 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-2004 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 950 EP 956 DI 10.1080/10402009608983617 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA VP652 UT WOS:A1996VP65200026 ER PT J AU West, TC Mitchell, WE Murray, RI AF West, TC Mitchell, WE Murray, RI TI Effects of water temperature on cracking of wet-welded carbon steel SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 USN,SEA SYST COMMAND,ARLINGTON,VA. RP West, TC (reprint author), WELDING ENGN SERV,LAFAYETTE,LA, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA PO BOX 351040, MIAMI, FL 33135 SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 75 IS 10 BP 51 EP 55 PG 5 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VK586 UT WOS:A1996VK58600010 ER PT J AU Fox, AG Eakes, MW Franke, GL AF Fox, AG Eakes, MW Franke, GL TI The effect of small changes in flux basicity on the acicular ferrite content and mechanical properties of submerged arc weld metal of Navy HY-100 steel SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE HY-100; submerged arc welding; CCT diagram; weld metal toughness; high-strength steel; flux basicity; filler metal; acicular ferrite ID INCLUSION FORMATION; NUCLEATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; TOUGHNESS; DEPOSITS; TITANIUM; WELDMENTS; STRENGTH; BAINITE; STRESS AB The effect of small differences in flux basicity on the microstructure and mechanical properties of submerged arc weld metal of Navy HY-100 steel has been investigated. It was found that an increase in the flux basicity index from 2.5 to 3.0 (calculated by the formula proposed by Tuliani, Boniszewski and Eaton, 1969, Weld. Met. and Fab. 37 (8): 327-329) led to a decrease in the total oxygen content of the weld metal from 0.034 to 0.027 wt-%. This decrease in weld metal oxygen content led to increasing average nonmetallic inclusion size and an increased propensity for acicular ferrite formation, which were found to increase both the strength and toughness of the weld metal. These results suggest that careful control of the chemistry of both the filler metal and flux is necessary to produce consistently high strength and toughness in weld metal during the submerged arc welding of HY-100 steel. C1 USN, CTR SURFACE WARFARE, ANNAPOLIS DETACHMENT CADEROCK DIV, WELDING BRANCH, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21402 USA. RP Fox, AG (reprint author), USN, POSTGRAD SCH, CTR MAT SCI & ENGN, MONTEREY, CA 93940 USA. NR 69 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA 550 N W LEJEUNE RD, MIAMI, FL 33126 USA SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 75 IS 10 BP S330 EP S342 PG 13 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VK586 UT WOS:A1996VK58600017 ER PT J AU Hsu, DSY Gray, HF AF Hsu, DSY Gray, HF TI Vertical thin-film-edge field emitters: Fabrication by chemical beam deposition, imaging of cathodoluminescence and characterization of emission SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE chemical vapor deposition (CVD); electron emission; field emission; platinum ID SIDEWALL LITHOGRAPHY; LINEWIDTH AB We report the first fabrication of ungated vertical thin-film-edge field emitters using chemical beam deposition techniques, and the first measurement of field electron emission from arrays of such emitters. The deposition method has been shown to result in optimal material and structural film properties which are required for low voltage operation of thin-film-edge field emitters. These characteristics include an extremely small grain size, low stress, high purity, uniform thickness and a vertical geometry. We have imaged well-resolved emission patterns by cathodoluminescence using the field-emitted electrons, and have measured well-behaved Fowler-Nordheim current-voltage characteristics. Other advantages, such as robustness and inexpensive manufacturing, are also discussed. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV ELECT SCI & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Hsu, DSY (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6170,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD SEP 30 PY 1996 VL 286 IS 1-2 BP 92 EP 97 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(95)08520-3 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA VY061 UT WOS:A1996VY06100014 ER PT J AU Nedoluha, GE Bevilacqua, RM Gomez, RM Waltman, WB Hicks, BC Thacker, DL Matthews, WA AF Nedoluha, GE Bevilacqua, RM Gomez, RM Waltman, WB Hicks, BC Thacker, DL Matthews, WA TI Measurements of water vapor in the middle atmosphere and implications for mesospheric transport SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID SEASONAL VARIABILITY; GRAVITY-WAVES; H2O; THERMOSPHERE; SPECTROSCOPY; STRATOSPHERE; OZONE; MODEL AB We present data obtained during more than 3 years of nearly continuous measurements of middle atmospheric water vapor. The data are obtained from ground-based measurements at 22 GHz taken at two sites, one in each hemisphere, using the Naval Research Laboratory water vapor millimeter-wave spectrometer (WVMS). With the construction of a second instrument, it has been possible to maintain continuous monitoring from both sites since January 1994. The measurements from both instruments show significant seasonal variability. There is a clear annual cycle, with the water vapor above similar to 60 km increasing in summer and decreasing in winter. The observed amplitude of the annual oscillation is larger at 45.0 degrees S than at 34.4 degrees N, a result which is qualitatively consistent with the higher latitude of the southern hemisphere site. There is also an indication of a semiannual cycle, particularly at altitudes near 80 km. The annual cycle is consistent with transport due primarily to advection, while the weaker semiannual cycle may be indicative of the effect of gravity waves on diffusive transport. C1 NATL INST WATER & ATMOSPHER RES, CENTRAL OTAGO, NEW ZEALAND. INTERFEROMETR INC, VIENNA, AUSTRIA. RP Nedoluha, GE (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, CODE 7220, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 32 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 27 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D16 BP 21183 EP 21193 DI 10.1029/96JD01741 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VK041 UT WOS:A1996VK04100001 ER PT J AU Eckermann, SD Marks, CJ AF Eckermann, SD Marks, CJ TI An idealized ray model of gravity wave-tidal interactions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; MEAN ZONAL ACCELERATION; SLOWLY VARYING MODEL; SHORT INTERNAL WAVES; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; LOWER THERMOSPHERE; PLANETARY-WAVES; DIURNAL VARIABILITY; SELF-ACCELERATION; MOMENTUM FLUXES AB The interaction of a gravity wave with a solar tide is analyzed using ray theory in order to assess whether the temporal oscillation of the tide has any significant effects on the interaction. We consider two types of solution: a ''full ray solution,'' in which tidal accelerations are included in the gravity wave ray-tracing equations, and a second ''Lindzen solution,'' in which they are neglected; the latter is so named because it yields similar results to the parameterization of Lindzen [1981]. Initially, we consider an idealized tide of constant velocity amplitude in a steady isothermal atmosphere, as this allows analytical solutions to be derived. A numerical ray-tracing code is employed to determine ray solutions within more complex tidal backgrounds. Full ray solutions often differ markedly in amplitude, wavenumber, and trajectory from Lindzen solutions for the same wave, highlighting the importance of tidal accelerations. Tidal accelerations have a stabilizing influence on gravity wave amplitudes by refracting waves to larger intrinsic phase speeds, thus reducing both the occurrence and intensity of tidally modulated gravity wave breaking. Even in the absence of dissipation, time-varying refraction gives rise to time-oscillating gravity wave action densities, partial derivative A/partial derivative t, which in turn lead to wave momentum-flux densities which are anticorrelated with tidal winds in agreement with mesospheric observations. Although partial derivative A/partial derivative t averages to zero over one cycle of a constant-amplitude tide, its phase locking to the tide implies transient flow accelerations which temporarily amplify tidal wind oscillations and might permanently change tidal amplitudes in a nonlinear interactive model. Numerical simulations through more complex tidal backgrounds show instances where permanent partial derivative A/partial derivative t values are induced in a gravity wave through its interaction with the tide. Our results point to weaknesses in a Lindzen parameterization of gravity wave-tidal interactions. A simple extension of the parameterization is suggested which incorporates some of these time-varying influences. C1 NATL INST WATER & ATMOSPHER RES LTD, WELLINGTON, NEW ZEALAND. COMPUTAT PHYS INC, FAIRFAX, VA USA. USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 87 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 27 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D16 BP 21195 EP 21212 DI 10.1029/96JD01660 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VK041 UT WOS:A1996VK04100002 ER PT J AU Holbrook, WS Hoskins, H Wood, WT Stephen, RA Lizarralde, D AF Holbrook, WS Hoskins, H Wood, WT Stephen, RA Lizarralde, D TI Methane hydrate and free gas on the blake ridge from vertical seismic profiling SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BOTTOM-SIMULATING REFLECTORS; WAVE-FORM INVERSION; VELOCITY STRUCTURE; OUTER RIDGE; ZONE; SEDIMENTS; HORIZONS; BASE AB Seismic velocities measured in three drill holes through a gas hydrate deposit on the Blake Ridge, offshore South Carolina, indicate that substantial free gas exists to at least 250 meters beneath the bottom-simulating reflection (BSR). Both methane hydrate and free gas exist even where a clear BSR is absent. The low reflectance, or blanking, above the BSR is caused by lithologic homogeneity of the sediments rather than by hydrate cementation. The average methane hydrate saturation above the BSR is relatively low (5 to 7 percent of porosity), which suggests that earlier global estimates of methane in hydrates may be too high by as much as a factor of 3. C1 USN, RES LAB, BAY ST LOUIS, MS 39529 USA. WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, MIT WOODS HOLE JOINT PROGRAM, WOODS HOLE, MA 02543 USA. RP Holbrook, WS (reprint author), WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS, WOODS HOLE, MA 02543 USA. RI Holbrook, W. Steven/G-9800-2011; OI Holbrook, W. Steven/0000-0003-0065-8841; Stephen, Ralph/0000-0003-0937-2049 NR 36 TC 301 Z9 352 U1 5 U2 59 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD SEP 27 PY 1996 VL 273 IS 5283 BP 1840 EP 1843 DI 10.1126/science.273.5283.1840 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VJ713 UT WOS:A1996VJ71300039 ER PT J AU Cho, G Yesinowski, JP AF Cho, G Yesinowski, JP TI H-1 and F-19 multiple-quantum NMR dynamics in quasi-one-dimensional spin clusters in apatites SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SOLID-STATE NMR; MAS-NMR; HYDROXYAPATITE; SIMULATION; SURFACES; HYDROGEN; ZEOLITE; SILICON; PROBE AB The H-1 multiple-quantum NMR dynamics of quasi-one-dimensional distributions of clusters of uniformly spaced proton spins in hydroxyapatite, Ca-5(OH)(PO4)(3), and related fluorine-containing apatites have been studied. Two different growth exponents characterizing the power-law dependence of the effective size upon preparation time are observed at short and long times for the hydroxyapatite samples. The corresponding growth exponents are 0.98 and 1.78 for the most stoichiometric sample, which suggest a possible transition from 1-D to 2-D growth at longer preparation times. A slight deficiency of hydroxyl groups in another sample of hydroxyapatite leads to a decreased rate of MQ coherence growth and a measurable decrease in the short-time growth exponent to 0.83. The H-1 MQ dynamics of two fluorohydroxyapatite solid solutions, Ca5Fx(OH)(1-x)(PO4)(3), exhibit both decreasing rates of MQ coherence growth as x increases and decreased values of the short-time growth exponent. A I-D cluster model is developed to account for the effects upon the MQ dynamics of randomly distributed defects (either vacancies or substitutions) in the linear chain of proton spins. The F-19 MQ NMR dynamics of a single crystal of mineral fluorapatite, Ca-5(PO4)(3), at different orientations with respect to the external magnetic field exhibit oscillatory behavior. These oscillations are reproduced in density matrix calculations for the finite 1-D clusters of fluoride ions that are present in a defect-containing sample. Implications of these single-crystal results for future studies of the effects of dimensionality upon MQ NMR dynamics are discussed. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,E LANSING,MI 48823. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 39 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 39 BP 15716 EP 15725 DI 10.1021/jp9614815 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VK046 UT WOS:A1996VK04600014 ER PT J AU Jernigan, GG Thompson, PE Silvestre, CL AF Jernigan, GG Thompson, PE Silvestre, CL TI Ge segregation during the initial stages of Si1-xGex alloy growth SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; SIGE BURIED LAYER; SURFACE SEGREGATION; DEPENDENCE AB Segregation of Ge in the ''leading edge'' of Si1-xGex alloys grown by molecular beam epitaxy is investigated using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Alloys of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40% Ge were grown in varying thickness (0-20 nm) at 500 degrees C to observe segregation during the initial stages of alloy growth. The length of the leading edge was found to decrease with increasing Ge concentration (4.8, 2.8, 2.4, and 2.0 nm, respectively). The amount of segregated Ge was found to increase with Ge concentration. A complete monolayer of Ge was found on the surface for all Ge concentrations and an increasing amount of Ge (20%, 55%, 80%, and 95%, respectively) was found in the second atomic layer. RP Jernigan, GG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 11 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 13 BP 1894 EP 1896 DI 10.1063/1.117469 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VH795 UT WOS:A1996VH79500025 ER PT J AU Zumofen, G Klafter, J Shlesinger, MF AF Zumofen, G Klafter, J Shlesinger, MF TI Breakdown of Ovchinnikov-Zeldovich segregation in the A+B->0 reaction under Levy mixing SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ANOMALOUS DIFFUSION; LEVY; ANNIHILATION; DYNAMICS AB Density fluctuations in the transient A + B --> 0 reaction, at stoichiometric conditions, cause the Ovchinnikov-Zeldovich segregation which slows down the reaction process. Continuous mixing that homogenizes the reactants can suppress the role of the fluctuations. Levy walks which lead to an anomalous diffusion provide such a mixing mechanism. For Levy walks with the number of steps distributed as P(n) similar to n(-1-gamma), n > 0, 1 < gamma < 2, we demonstrate that segregation disappears in d = 3 dimensions for gamma < 3/2. Particle densities and particle-particle correlation functions are presented. The erosion of the segregation is an example of Levy mixing. C1 TEL AVIV UNIV,SCH CHEM,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. OFF NAVAL RES,DIV PHYS,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. RP Zumofen, G (reprint author), ETH ZURICH,PHYS CHEM LAB,CH-8092 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. NR 22 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 13 BP 2830 EP 2833 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2830 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VH767 UT WOS:A1996VH76700059 ER PT J AU Szpak, S MosierBoss, PA AF Szpak, S MosierBoss, PA TI On the behavior of the cathodically polarized Pd/D system: A response to Vigier's comments SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID CODEPOSITION AB Electrodes prepared by Pd/D codeposition exhibit highly expanded surfaces which achieve high degrees of D/Pd loading within seconds. In this communication, morphology of the Pd electrode, the structure of the interphase, and selected thermal effects are discussed. C1 USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT & E DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD SEP 23 PY 1996 VL 221 IS 1-2 BP 141 EP 143 DI 10.1016/0375-9601(96)00450-1 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VF938 UT WOS:A1996VF93800021 ER PT J AU Mascola, JR Louder, MK Surman, SR Vancott, TC Yu, XF Bradac, J Porter, KR Nelson, KE Girard, M McNeil, JG McCutchan, FE Birx, DL Burke, DS AF Mascola, JR Louder, MK Surman, SR Vancott, TC Yu, XF Bradac, J Porter, KR Nelson, KE Girard, M McNeil, JG McCutchan, FE Birx, DL Burke, DS TI Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 neutralizing antibody serotyping using serum pools and an infectivity reduction assay SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; NORTHERN THAILAND; HIV TYPE-1; DIVERSITY; SUBTYPES; GP120; AIDS; SENSITIVITY AB Classification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by neutralization serotype may be important for the design of active and passive immunization strategies. Neutralizing antibody serotyping is hindered by the lack of standard reagents and assay format, and by the weak activity of many individual sera. To facilitate cross-clade neutralization analysis, we used an infectivity reduction assay (IRA) and selected clade-specific serum (or plasma) pools from subjects infected with clade B and E HIV-1, respectively, Several serum pools were utilized; some were selected for strong neutralizing activity against intraclade viruses and others were derived from conveniently available samples, Against a panel of 51 clade B and E viruses, serum pools displayed strong neutralization of most intraclade viruses and significantly diminished cross-clade neutralization, Results mere confirmed against a blinded panel of 20 viruses, The data indicate that the phylogenetic classification of virus subtypes B and E corresponds to two distinct neutralization serotypes, This approach to neutralizing antibody serotyping may be useful in defining the antigenic relationship among viruses from other clades. C1 USN,MED RES INST,DEPT INFECT DIS,BETHESDA,MD 20889. HENRY M JACKSON FDN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. NIAID,DIV AIDS,NIH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20892. INST PASTEUR,PARIS,FRANCE. RP Mascola, JR (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV RETROVIROL,13 TAFT COURT,SUITE 200,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. OI /0000-0002-5704-8094 FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA 09541] NR 43 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 14 BP 1319 EP 1328 DI 10.1089/aid.1996.12.1319 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA VJ248 UT WOS:A1996VJ24800004 PM 8891111 ER PT J AU Huba, JD Chen, J AF Huba, JD Chen, J TI Plasma dynamics of magnetic flux injection the solar atmosphere SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE MHD; sun, chromosphere; sun, corona; sun, magnetic fields ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION-LAWS; BRAGG CRYSTAL SPECTROMETER; CA-XIX; FIELDS; EVOLUTION; INSTABILITY; CHROMOSPHERE; EQUILIBRIUM; INITIATION AB A computational analysis of magnetic flux injection from the solar photosphere into the solar chromosphere and corona is presented. The model is one-dimensional and describes the evolution of the plasma and neutrals in the vertical x-direction; the magnetic field is assumed to be unidirectional in the horizontal plane. The initial magnetic field profile is a step function (a magnetic piston): B = B-0 + Delta B for x less than or equal to x(0) and B = B-0 for x > x(0). The held is then allowed to relax self-consistently for t > 0 and x > x(x0) a shock is launched followed by the relaxation of the magnetic piston. Simulation results are presented for different initial positions x(0) of the field jump in the chromosphere. When the piston (Delta B similar to tens of gauss) is very low in the chromosphere, a weak shock is launched that results in upward plasma and neutral velocities V similar or equal to few km s(-1) in the upper chromosphere and corona; the plasma and neutrals only attain velocities V similar or equal to tens of m s(-1) in the lower chromosphere. A quasi-steady state follows, and the piston does not relax significantly because the pressure change across the magnetic piston is small. When the piston is initiated in the upper chromosphere, a stronger shock is launched into the corona; plasma and neutral velocities V similar or equal to tens of km s(-1) are generated. Subsequently, the magnetic field piston relaxes and penetrates the transition layer into the corona; the upward velocities are V similar or equal to hundreds of km s(-1). At the same time, plasma and neutrals are being swept into the corona. RP USN, RES LAB, DIV PLASMA PHYS, BEAM PHYS BRANCH, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 469 IS 1 BP 412 EP 422 DI 10.1086/177791 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VG436 UT WOS:A1996VG43600041 ER PT J AU Sheeley, NR AF Sheeley, NR TI Elemental abundance variations in the solar atmosphere SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE sun, abundances; sun, corona; sun, sunspots; sun, transition region ID ENERGETIC PARTICLES; TRANSITION REGION; ULTRAVIOLET OBSERVATIONS; PHOTOSPHERIC ABUNDANCES; DIFFUSION; BALANCE; OXYGEN; MODELS; SPECTRUM; HELIUM AB Skylab solar images in the transition region lines of neon, magnesium, and calcium have been used to trace elemental abundance variations in sunspots and the quiet Sun. Sunspots are invariably accompanied by spikelike features, enriched in elements of low first ionization potential (FIP) such as magnesium and calcium, and extending outward from the penumbras. Material with the normal, unenriched, photospheric-like composition is sometimes seen over the umbra, but it is only seen in the presence of very bright chromospheric emission associated with flares or emerging flux. The salt-and-pepper fields of the quiet Sun give rise to small-scale strutures, enhanced in the lines of both helium and neon, and having the ''photospheric'' composition. However, enrichments of low-FIP elements are sometimes found at unipolar flux concentrations in coronal holes, and occasionally they have very large enrichment factors. These observations suggest that the composition depends on whether the plasma is coronal or not and that the fractionation process is somehow related to the production of coronal material. RP Sheeley, NR (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, CODE 7672, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 41 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 20 PY 1996 VL 469 IS 1 BP 423 EP + DI 10.1086/177792 PN 1 PG 0 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VG436 UT WOS:A1996VG43600042 ER PT J AU Singer, IL AF Singer, IL TI Mechanics and chemistry of solids in sliding contact SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Physical and Chemical Mechanisms of Tribology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1995 CL BAR HARBOR, ME ID DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; FRICTION BEHAVIOR; DEBRIS FORMATION; TRANSFER FILMS; WEAR BEHAVIOR; COATINGS; STEEL AB Wear behavior of coated surfaces has been studied extensively over the past 20 years, Although the behavior can be discussed in terms of classical models, it is described more completely using third-body concepts. These concepts consider the processes that take place at a moving inter-face: deformation and particle detachment, third-body formation and kinematics, and particle ejection. Tribological and analytical studies of several practical surface treatments, including TiN hard coatings and Mo-2 lubricant coatings, will be presented to illustrate the influence of third bodies on friction and wear behavior. More fundamental aspects of solid lubrication have also been studied in an ultrahigh vacuum chamber using gases to lubricate well-characterized surfaces. These studies indicate how third bodies form, how they influence friction and wear, and why some surface treatments are better than others. They also point to the need for better understanding of (1) the physical protection afforded by surface films, (2) tribochemical processes, and (3) chemical and mechanical properties of third bodies. RP Singer, IL (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, SURFACE CHEM BRANCH, CODE 6176, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 54 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 18 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 19 BP 4486 EP 4491 DI 10.1021/la951056n PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA VH414 UT WOS:A1996VH41400003 ER PT J AU Perry, MD Harrison, JA AF Perry, MD Harrison, JA TI Molecular dynamics studies of the frictional properties of hydrocarbon materials SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Physical and Chemical Mechanisms of Tribology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1995 CL BAR HARBOR, ME ID ATOMIC-SCALE FRICTION; DIAMOND SURFACES; ENERGY-DISSIPATION; FILMS; CRYSTAL; GROWTH; TIP; SIMULATIONS; DEPOSITION; MECHANISM AB This essay discusses the importance of friction and wear and the necessity to understand these processes on the atomic level. Because of the unique friction and wear characteristics of diamond, molecular dynamics simulations were used to examine the friction and wear properties of diamond. These simulations have complemented available experimental data obtained with an atomic force microscope and that obtained with instruments which yield more macroscopic data. In particular, it was shown that the presence of methane molecules, trapped between diamond (111) surfaces, significantly reduces the calculated friction coefficients in agreement with experiment [Hayward and Field, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., IMechE Conf, 1987, 1, 205]. In addition, the limitations of molecular dynamics simulations and possible future directions for this type are research are discussed. C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 43 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 18 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 19 BP 4552 EP 4556 DI 10.1021/la9508957 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA VH414 UT WOS:A1996VH41400015 ER PT J AU Colton, RJ AF Colton, RJ TI Forum on new ideas in tribology SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Editorial Material ID ATOMIC-SCALE FRICTION; ENERGY-DISSIPATION; WEAR; DIAMOND; FILMS; TRIBOCHEMISTRY; NANOTRIBOLOGY; SPECTROSCOPY; MONOLAYER; SURFACES AB The ''Forum on New Ideas'' was held at the end of the workshop to give participants an opportunity to express new ideas and directions in tribology. In addition, it gave an opportunity to review the highlights of the workshop and to continue discussion on important topics. It is the latter point that occupied most of the session. These pages contain a summary of these discussions and my views on what is new in tribology. RP Colton, RJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6177,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 18 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 19 BP 4574 EP 4582 DI 10.1021/la960018g PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA VH414 UT WOS:A1996VH41400020 ER PT J AU Streitz, FH Mintmire, JW AF Streitz, FH Mintmire, JW TI Molecular dynamics simulations of elastic response and tensile failure of alumina SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Physical and Chemical Mechanisms of Tribology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 1995 CL BAR HARBOR, ME ID EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; SCALE FRICTION; FCC METALS; SURFACES; MODEL; ELECTRONEGATIVITY; ALPHA-AL2O3; MICROSCOPY; INTERFACES; PRINCIPLES AB We present the results of molecular dynamics simulations of alpha-alumina performed using the ES+ potential. We concentrate here on the applicability of these potentials to the study of surface structure and thin film elastic response. The aluminum-terminated (0001) surface of alpha-alumina is found to undergo dramatic relaxation away from bulk values, driven by the electrostatics of atoms near the surface. We find that the local valence is reduced by 25% for surface and near-surface atoms in this orientation. We demonstrate that the strain variation of the elastic constants in a 25 Angstrom thick film of alpha-alumina can differ substantially from the expected behavior in a bulk crystal. The thin film was found to yield at a stress of approximately 45 GPa, in agreement with a calculation of the theoretical limit of yield stress. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. OI Mintmire, John/0000-0002-6551-0349 NR 45 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 18 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 19 BP 4605 EP 4609 DI 10.1021/la950906w PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA VH414 UT WOS:A1996VH41400025 ER PT J AU MosierBoss, PA Newbery, R Szpak, S Lieberman, SH Rovang, JW AF MosierBoss, PA Newbery, R Szpak, S Lieberman, SH Rovang, JW TI Versatile, low-volume, thin-layer cell for in situ spectroelectrochemistry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; ENHANCED RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SILVER ELECTRODE; SYSTEM; SOCL2 AB The design of a versatile, thin-layer cell to perform in situ spectroelectrochemistry is discussed, The cell is low-volume, leak-tight, and easily disassembled. It is constructed of chemically resistant materials and can be used to probe the electrochemical reactions of corrosives as well as moisture- and air-sensitive materials. The use of this cell to monitor the electrochemical reactions of oxyhalide electrolytes by in situ infrared spectroelectrochemistry and pyridine by surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy is demonstrated. C1 3M COLUMBIA,COLUMBIA,MO 65202. RP MosierBoss, PA (reprint author), USN COMMAND,CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT & E DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 18 BP 3277 EP 3282 DI 10.1021/ac960084n PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA VG141 UT WOS:A1996VG14100031 ER PT J AU Atkinson, LP Miller, JL Lee, TN Dunstan, WM AF Atkinson, LP Miller, JL Lee, TN Dunstan, WM TI Nutrients and chlorophyll at the shelf break off the southeastern united states during the genesis of Atlantic lows experiment: Winter 1986 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID STREAM FRONTAL EDDIES; GULF-STREAM; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; VARIABILITY; WATERS; WIND AB The outer shelf and upper slope off Charleston, South Carolina, were the site of oceanographic and meteorological measurements during the winter of 1986. The purpose of the study was to test ideas about front formation, heat transport, and stratification during cold air outbreaks. An ancillary part of the study was the observation of nutrients and chlorophyll concentrations. The observations extended across the shelf and sometimes crossed the Gulf Stream front. The results show slightly elevated nitrate concentrations in outer shelf waters (1 - 2 mu M NO3) with chlorophyll concentrations in the 1 - 1.8 mu g L(-1) range. When effects of Gulf Stream frontal eddies are eliminated, the estimated wintertime wind-driven transport of nutrients from the deep ocean to the shelf is comparable to that observed during spring and summer. Thus significant onshore nutrient transport can occur throughout the year in this region. C1 OLD DOMINION UNIV,DEPT OCEANOG,NORFOLK,VA 23529. UNIV MIAMI,ROSENSTIEL SCH MARINE & ATMOSPHER SCI,MIAMI,FL 33149. USN,RES LAB,OCEAN SCI BRANCH,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. RP Atkinson, LP (reprint author), OLD DOMINION UNIV,CTR COASTAL PHYS OCEANOG,NORFOLK,VA 23529, USA. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 101 IS C9 BP 20565 EP 20578 DI 10.1029/96JC00690 PG 14 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA VH015 UT WOS:A1996VH01500007 ER PT J AU Paduan, JD Rosenfeld, LK AF Paduan, JD Rosenfeld, LK TI Remotely sensed surface currents in monterey bay from shore-based HF radar (Coastal Ocean Dynamics Application Radar) SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-FREQUENCY RADAR; SEASONAL VARIABILITY; VECTOR CORRELATION; TIME SERIES; CALIFORNIA; VIEW; FLOW AB Near-surface currents in Monterey Bay derived from a network of shore-based HF radars are presented for August-December 1994 and compared with those from April to September 1992. Focus is placed on the low-frequency (2- to 30-day period) motions in the remotely sensed data and on comparison of radar-derived currents with moored current and wind observations, ship-based acoustic Doppler current profiler observations, satellite-based surface temperature imagery, and surface drifter velocities. The radar-derived picture of the late summer mean flow is very similar in the two realizations and is consistent with historical data. Flow is equatorward in the outer part of the bay, poleward in a narrow band nearshore, and very sluggish in the middle of the bay. Low-pass-filtered time series of radar-derived currents are highly correlated with moored current observations and with winds in the outer part of the bay. The vector time series are also coherent across a broad frequency band with currents typically in phase between 1- and 9-m depths and with l-m currents typically 40 degrees-60 degrees to the right of the wind. Overall, these results confirm the utility of Coastal Ocean Dynamics Applications Radar (CODAR)-type HF radars for the study of coastal surface currents out to ranges similar to 50 km from shore, particularly for highly averaged fields. Data variability and comparison with in situ observations for high-frequency (1- to 48-hour period) motions point to the need to better characterize and minimize sources of error in the radar observations. C1 MONTEREY BAY AQUARIUM RES INST,MOSS LANDING,CA. RP Paduan, JD (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OCEANOG,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 54 TC 170 Z9 175 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 101 IS C9 BP 20669 EP 20686 DI 10.1029/96JC01663 PG 18 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA VH015 UT WOS:A1996VH01500015 ER PT J AU Askari, F Donato, TF Morrison, JM AF Askari, F Donato, TF Morrison, JM TI Detection of oceanic fronts at low grazing angles using an X band real aperture radar SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTION; SEA-SURFACE; WAVES; MODEL; BACKSCATTERING; FEATURES; SCATTER; WATER AB We examine the radar signatures and changes in the surface roughness associated with oceanic features in the low grazing angle (LGA) scattering regime. The X band (HH) radar signatures consist of high-amplitude sea spikes, step changes in the normalized radar cross-section (NRCS) modulations, and bright narrowbanded frontal structures. Using in situ observations coupled with airborne precision radiation thermometer (PRT-5) data, we show that the step changes in radar cross-section modulations are associated with either thermal stability-induced stress variations or current velocity variations, Superimposed on the step changes are additional modulations that result from wave breaking and hydrodynamic straining. The amplitudes of the NRCS LGA measurements are compared with the predictions of four backscattering models: the Bragg, the tilted-Bragg, the wedge, and the plume model. It is shown that while the simple Bragg model can describe the measurements to a limited degree, it generally tends to underpredict the results. Agreement is improved by including the tilt contribution from the longwave surface waves in the context of the composite scattering model. We use the wedge and plume models as the basis for explaining the cross sections associated with the high-amplitude sea spikes. The wedge model is used to describe scattering from sharply crested waves, and the plume model is used to. describe the extreme cross sections that are associated with breaking waves near the fronts. In describing the probability density function characteristics we show that the backscattering statistics exhibit ''K distribution'' behavior for the Gulf Stream current region and near-frontal regions, while the cooler shelf waters have characteristics of an exponential distribution. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT MARINE EARTH & ATMOSPHER SCI,RALEIGH,NC 27650. RP Askari, F (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 101 IS C9 BP 20883 EP 20898 DI 10.1029/96JC00999 PG 16 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA VH015 UT WOS:A1996VH01500029 ER PT J AU Gondek, D Zdziarski, AA Johnson, WN George, IM McNaronBrown, K Magdziarz, P Smith, D Gruber, DE AF Gondek, D Zdziarski, AA Johnson, WN George, IM McNaronBrown, K Magdziarz, P Smith, D Gruber, DE TI The average X-ray/gamma-ray spectrum of radio-quiet Seyfert 1s SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion discs; galaxies, active; galaxies, Seyfert; gamma-rays, observations; gamma-rays, theory; X-rays, galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; PAIR PRODUCTION; COLD MATTER; BLACK-HOLE; COMPTON-SCATTERING; PHYSICAL PROCESSES; ACCRETION DISKS; COMPACT SOURCES; EMISSION; GALAXIES AB We have obtained the average 1-500 keV spectrum of radio-quiet Seyfert Is using data from EXOSAT, Ginga, HEAO-1 and GRO OSSE. The spectral fit to the combined average EXOSAT and OSSE data is fully consistent with that for Ginga and OSSE, confirming results from an earlier Ginga/OSSE sample. The average spectrum is well fitted by a power-law X-ray continuum with an energy spectral index of alpha similar or equal to 0.9 moderately absorbed by an ionized medium and with a Compton reflection component. A high-energy cut-off (or a break) in the power-law component at a few hundred keV or more is required by the data. We also show that the corresponding average spectrum from HEAO-1 A1 and A4 is fully compatible with that obtained from EXOSAT, Ginga and OSSE. These results confirm that the apparent discrepancy between the results of Ginga (with alpha similar or equal to 0.9) and the previous results of EXOSAT and HEAO-1 (with alpha similar or equal to 0.7) is indeed due to ionized absorption and Compton reflection first taken into account for Ginga but not for the previous missions. Also, our results confirm that the Seyfert 1 spectra are on average cut off in gamma-rays at energies of at least a few hundred keV, not at similar to 40 keV (as suggested earlier by OSSE data alone). The average spectrum is compatible either with emission from an optically thin relativistic thermal plasma in a disc corona, or with a non-thermal plasma with a power-law injection of relativistic electrons. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, INST THEORET PHYS, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106 USA. USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, HIGH ENERGY PHYS LAB, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA. UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC, TUCSON, AZ USA. GEORGE MASON UNIV, FAIRFAX, VA 22030 USA. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV, ASTRON OBSERV, PL-30244 KRAKOW, POLAND. UNIV LEICESTER, DEPT PHYS, LEICESTER LE1 7RH, LEICS, ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE SCI, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. RP Gondek, D (reprint author), NICHOLAS COPERNICUS ASTRON CTR, BARTYCKA 18, PL-00716 WARSAW, POLAND. RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 NR 49 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 282 IS 2 BP 646 EP 652 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VJ094 UT WOS:A1996VJ09400029 ER PT J AU Lehmberg, RH AF Lehmberg, RH TI Spatial profile distortion of harmonically-converted partially-coherent light SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ANGULAR-DISPERSION; LASER-BEAM; UNIFORMITY; FUSION AB Incoherent Light techniques (ISI and PCL) have been proposed to achieve the high degree of spatial beam uniformity required in the foot pulse of a laser fusion driver. Although these techniques provide outstanding beam smoothing performance in KrF lasers, their use in glass lasers appears to be limited by nonlinear optical effects. The simulations presented in this paper show that the harmonic conversion process can introduce distortion of the time-averaged focal profile, and this distortion is exacerbated by even the modest amount of self phase modulation likely to be generated in the low intensity foot pulse. RP Lehmberg, RH (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 130 IS 1-3 BP 51 EP 56 DI 10.1016/0030-4018(96)00244-1 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA VE370 UT WOS:A1996VE37000010 ER PT J AU Petrov, KP Curl, RF Tittel, FK Goldberg, L AF Petrov, KP Curl, RF Tittel, FK Goldberg, L TI Continuous-wave tunable 8.7-mu m spectroscopic source pumped by fiber-coupled communications lasers SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Tunable narrow-band cw difference-frequency generation at 8.7 mu m was demonstrated in silver gallium selenide (AgGaSe2) at room temperature. The crystal was pumped by an injection-seeded Er/Yb-codoped fiber amplifier at 1.554 mu m and a fiber-coupled diode-pumped monolithic ring Nd:YAG laser at 1.319 mu m. The difference-frequency output was used for high-resolution spectroscopy of sulfur dioxide (SO2). (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Petrov, KP (reprint author), RICE UNIV,RICE QUANTUM INST,HOUSTON,TX 77251, USA. NR 6 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 18 BP 1451 EP 1453 DI 10.1364/OL.21.001451 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA VG594 UT WOS:A1996VG59400013 PM 19881688 ER PT J AU Carr, TW Schwartz, IB AF Carr, TW Schwartz, IB TI Controlling high-dimensional unstable steady states using delay, duration and feedback SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Measures of Spatio-Temporal Dynamics CY JUN 11-13, 1995 CL BRYN MAWR COLL, BRYN MAWR, PA SP USN, Naval Air Warfare Ctr Aircraft Div, Inst Nonlineaire Nice, Bryn Mawr Coll HO BRYN MAWR COLL DE control; nonlinear dynamics; chaos; multimode lasers ID CONTROLLING CHAOS; MULTIMODE LASER; SYSTEM; ORBITS; STABILIZATION AB We present a control method for stabilizing steady states using only discrete pulses of an available system parameter. In addition to the feedback amplitude of the pulse, we employ the pulse width and delay as additional parameters. This allows us to stabilize steady states with more than one unstable direction and prevent unwanted transients in the high-dimensional stable subspace. We have applied our method to a model of a multimode laser whose steady state becomes unstable due to a Hopf bifurcation and may exhibit periodic oscillations and chaos, We also show the importance of considering the delay between the system measurement and application of control that will be present in any real experiment. RP Carr, TW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,SPECIAL PROJECT NONLINEAR SCI,CODE 6700 3,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009 NR 24 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 96 IS 1-4 BP 17 EP 25 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(96)00011-5 PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA VJ204 UT WOS:A1996VJ20400004 ER PT J AU Passamante, A Bromely, D Farrell, ME AF Passamante, A Bromely, D Farrell, ME TI Time series characterization using the repeatability of similar sequences SO PHYSICA D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Measures of Spatio-Temporal Dynamics CY JUN 11-13, 1995 CL BRYN MAWR COLL, BRYN MAWR, PA SP USN, Naval Air Warfare Ctr Aircraft Div, Inst Nonlineaire Nice, Bryn Mawr Coll HO BRYN MAWR COLL AB In this work we characterize data using the repeatability of similar data sequences (of length of the order of 5-100 times the embedding dimension) which are found in the data itself. A system which is constrained to move on a compact region of phase space will generate time data having some similar data sequences or strings which are somewhat repeatable. The more orderly and predictable the time data the more sequence repeatability will be manifested. Tn this paper we quantify these repeatability properties for two nonlinear systems Henon and Duffing. Henon repeatability results are compared to white noise and the Duffing repeatability results are compared to phase randomized versions of the same Duffing data. Results show that usable differences are observed and indicate that this may be a robust, effective and practical technique to characterize the complexity of time series data. RP Passamante, A (reprint author), USN,WARMINSTER,PA 18974, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 96 IS 1-4 BP 100 EP 109 DI 10.1016/0167-2789(96)00015-2 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA VJ204 UT WOS:A1996VJ20400009 ER PT J AU Stokes, HT Boyer, LL Mehl, MJ AF Stokes, HT Boyer, LL Mehl, MJ TI Spherical self-consistent atomic deformation model for first-principles energy calculations in ionic crystalline solids SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INDUCED BREATHING MODEL; ALKALINE-EARTH OXIDES; ELECTRON-GAS THEORY; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; CHARGE-DENSITIES AB We present a first-principles method [called spherical self-consistent atomic deformation (SSCAD)] for calculating the energy per unit cell in ionic crystalline solids. SSCAD is a density-functional method using the local-density approximation (LDA). Wave functions are localized about each ion, resulting in a single-particle Schrodinger's equation for each ion. To simplify the calculation, we spherically average the potential energy in each of these equations. The electron density is determined from the self-consistent solution of these equations. SSCAD scales as order N and runs very fast, even for crystals with large unit cells. We discuss some of the limitations of SSCAD, and we give examples of using SSCAD to determine crystalline structure, phonon dispersion, elastic moduli, and charge transfer. RP Stokes, HT (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016 NR 27 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 11 BP 7729 EP 7736 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.7729 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VL145 UT WOS:A1996VL14500035 ER PT J AU Porezag, D Pederson, MR AF Porezag, D Pederson, MR TI Infrared intensities and Raman-scattering activities within density-functional theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; SELF-INTERACTION CORRECTION; SYSTEM-SIZE; ANALYTIC EVALUATION; VIBRATIONAL-MODES; HYDROGEN-EXCHANGE; ORBITAL APPROACH; APPROXIMATION; SIMULATIONS; ENERGY AB We show that the computational complexity associated with the density-functional-based determination of infrared intensities and nonresonant Raman scattering activities is the same as that required for vibrational modes. Further, we use extremely large basis sets to determine the intrinsic accuracy for calculating such phenomena within the density-functional theory. We present benchmark calculations on CH4, H2O, C2H2, C2H4, and C2H6 within both the local-density approximation (LDA) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Tests of the reliability and numerical stability of the theoretical scheme are presented. We show that in order to obtain reliable results, appropriate polarization basis functions and well-converged wave Functions are necessary. While most of the Raman spectra predicted by LDA agree very well with experimental data, some of the infrared intensities show substantial errors. The GGA functional overcomes most of these deficiencies, leading to an overall good agreement with experiment. C1 USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Porezag, D (reprint author), TECH UNIV,INST PHYS,D-09009 CHEMNITZ,GERMANY. NR 42 TC 271 Z9 271 U1 6 U2 39 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 11 BP 7830 EP 7836 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.7830 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VL145 UT WOS:A1996VL14500046 ER PT J AU Engel, GE Pickett, WE AF Engel, GE Pickett, WE TI Investigation of density functionals to predict both ground-state properties and band structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM MONTE-CARLO; SELF-INTERACTION CORRECTION; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; APPROXIMATION; SEMICONDUCTORS; GAPS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; EXCHANGE; ELECTRON; METALS AB By incorporating part of the correlation energy into a modified kinetic energy functional within a Kohn-Sham-like theory, it is possible to obtain significantly altered band structures, while preserving goad agreement with experiment for ground state properties well described by the usual local density approximation (LDA). A particular such functional obtained by introducing a local density-dependent mass is investigated. By construction, it reproduces the valence-band narrowing of free-electron-like metals. Applied to semiconductors, a significant gap increase with respect to the LDA gap is observed in silicon and germanium; for diamond carbon, the correction is negligible. The proposed strategy is quite general and could facilitate the construction of density functionals which simultaneously predict ground state properties and band structures for a given class of materials. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP GEORGE MASON UNIV, INST COMPUTAT SCI, FAIRFAX, VA 22030 USA. NR 61 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 12 BP 8420 EP 8429 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.8420 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VM976 UT WOS:A1996VM97600032 ER PT J AU Dressick, WJ Dulcey, CS Chen, MS Calvert, JM AF Dressick, WJ Dulcey, CS Chen, MS Calvert, JM TI Photochemical studies of (aminoethylaminomethyl)phenethyltrimethoxysilane self-assembled monolayer films SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE self-assembled monolayers; photochemistry; patterning; electroless deposition ID SELECTIVE ELECTROLESS METALLIZATION; COPLANAR MOLECULAR ASSEMBLIES AB The deep UV (193 nm) photochemistry of the self-assembled monolayer film PEDA, H2NCH2CH2NHCH2C6H4CH2CH2Si(OCH3)(3), has been studied on Si and SiO2 surfaces using UV and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, contact angle goniometry, and laser-desorption Fourier transform mass spectrometry. Mechanistic studies show that Si-C cleavage is the ultimate photochemical pathway; however, interpretation of the photochemical data is complicated by formation of a surface-bound intermediate, as well as adsorption of photoproducts to the substrate surface. Treatment of the exposed film with high ionic strength aqueous solutions is found to remove the adsorbed material. Patterned 193 nm exposure of PEDA SAM films on SiO2 produces a surface template of reactive amine groups at relatively low doses (similar to 400 mi cm(-2)), which can be used for selective, high-resolution attachment or deposition of materials on the unexposed regions of the film. RP Dressick, WJ (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN, CODE 6950, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 16 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 284 BP 568 EP 572 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(95)08424-X PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA VV928 UT WOS:A1996VV92800141 ER PT J AU Sharma, PL Chatis, PA Dogon, AL Mayers, DL McCutchan, FE Page, C Crumpacker, CS AF Sharma, PL Chatis, PA Dogon, AL Mayers, DL McCutchan, FE Page, C Crumpacker, CS TI AZT-related mutation Lys70Arg in reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 confers decrease in susceptibility to ddATP in in vitro RT inhibition assay SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ZIDOVUDINE RESISTANCE MUTATIONS; POL GENE-MUTATIONS; REDUCED SENSITIVITY; CELL-CULTURE; IN-VIVO; THERAPY; HIV-1; DIDANOSINE; DIDEOXYINOSINE; VARIANTS AB The genetic basis for didanosine (ddl) resistance in human immunodefeciency virus (HIV-1) has previously been shown to be commonly associated with a Leu to Val change at codon 74 in the HIV-1 RT gene. In this study sequential viral isolates were analyzed from five patients with prior zidovudine (ATT) use who received 6 to 16 months of ddl therapy. Following ddl therapy, viral isolates exhibited an increased ATT susceptibility and decreased ddl susceptibility. Sequence and nested PCR analysis of the HIV-1 RT gene revealed that two viral isolates contained the Leu to Val change at codon 74, and three other isolates with reduced susceptibility to ddl each contained changes at codons 65, 70, and 72. Site-directed mutagenesis was employed to insert specific mutations in RT gene of proviral clone pNL4-3. Analysis of virion-associated reverse transcriptase activity indicated that the Lys70Arg mutation resulted in an enzyme with 2- to 4-fold decreased susceptibility to ddATP. Statistical analysis of the inhibitory concentration for RT activity between pNF4-3 and mutant Lys70Arg viruses obtained in three independent RT inhibition assays was significant (P = 0.05) by student t test paired analysis. Drug susceptibility assays on the virus with Lys70Arg mutation showed a marginal decrease in susceptibility to ddl (1.5- to 2-fold) and about 4- to 6-fold decrease in susceptibilty to AZT. Mutations Lys65Glu and Arg72Ser resulted in an impaired RT with greatly diminished functional RT activity. The AZT-associated Lys70Arg mutation results in an RT enzyme with decreased susceptibility to ddATP, (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 BETH ISRAEL HOSP,DEPT MED,BOSTON,MA 02215. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02215. DU PONT,BOSTON,MA. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. USN,MED RES INST,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. HENRY M JACKSON FDN RES LABS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. RP Sharma, PL (reprint author), BETH ISRAEL HOSP,DIV INFECT DIS,BOSTON,MA 02215, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-29173, AI-01101, AI-62354] NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 223 IS 2 BP 365 EP 369 DI 10.1006/viro.1996.0488 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA VJ810 UT WOS:A1996VJ81000011 PM 8806572 ER PT J AU Fey, AL Clegg, AW Fiedler, RL AF Fey, AL Clegg, AW Fiedler, RL TI VLBI observations of eight extreme scattering event sources: Milliarcsecond-scale structure SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE radio continuum, galaxies; scattering ID VARIABLE RADIO-SOURCES; BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; QUASI-STELLAR OBJECTS; 5 GHZ; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; COMPLETE SAMPLE; LIGHT CURVES; NRAO 140; BASE AB We present multiple-epoch, multiple-frequency VLBI observations of eight extragalactic sources whose radio light curves have undergone an extreme scattering event (ESE). The VLBI observations were made at times during which the sources were not undergoing ESE events. The eight sources show relatively simple intrinsic structure, with one or two dominant components containing the majority of the total flux density, and component angular sizes on the order of several milliarcseconds. We have interpreted the ESE light curves for these sources in the context of a simple statistical scattering model. There appears to be no direct correspondence between intrinsic source structure and the form of the radio light curves during an ESE. Our results suggest that some of the variations in the radio light curves of these sources are due to the complexity of the scattering medium itself. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Fey, AL (reprint author), USN OBSERV,CODE EO,3540 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20392, USA. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 10 PY 1996 VL 468 IS 2 BP 543 EP 555 DI 10.1086/177713 PN 1 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VE596 UT WOS:A1996VE59600008 ER PT J AU Lin, CS AF Lin, CS TI Ocean surface profiling lidar SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID LASER AB This paper describes a waveform-sampling lidar system and field experiment. The lidar used a diode laser and a Nd:YAG laser transmitters that had different wavelengths and temporal pulse-width characteristics. The diode laser wavelength was 904 nm and the Nd:YAG laser wavelength was 1064 nm. The pulse widths of the diode laser and the Nd:YAG laser were 10 ns and 26 ns respectively. Both transmitters shared the same lidar-receiver and data acquisition system. The data acquisition system included a high-speed waveform-sampler and a mass-storage tape drive to collect and store high-resolution lidar waveform data. This paper describes the lidar and the data acquisition systems. The lidar range, laser waveform and reflectivity data collected in airborne experiments performed over the ocean water were analysed and discussed. Simulation of lidar bathymetry data analyses using the airborne experimental results were also discussed. RP Lin, CS (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD SEP 10 PY 1996 VL 17 IS 13 BP 2667 EP 2680 PG 14 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA VC476 UT WOS:A1996VC47600012 ER PT J AU Brook, I Frazier, EH AF Brook, I Frazier, EH TI Microbiology of acute purulent pericarditis - A 12-year experience in a military hospital SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BACTEROIDES; CLOSTRIDIUM; BACTERIA; GROWTH AB Objective: To study the aerobic and anaerobic microbiological and clinical characteristics in 15 cases of acute pericarditis treated over a 12-year period. Design: Retrospective review of microbiological and clinical data. Setting: Military hospital in Bethesda, Md. Results: Aerobic or facultative bacteria alone were present in 7 specimens (47%), anaerobic bacteria alone in 6 specimens (40%), and mixed aerobic-anaerobic flora in 2 specimens (13%). In total, there were 21 isolates: 10 aerobic or facultative bacteria and II anaerobic bacteria, an average of 1.4 per specimen. Anaerobic bacteria predominated in patients with pericarditis who also had mediastinitis that followed esophageal perforation and in patients whose pericarditis was associated with orofacial and dental infections. The predominant aerobic bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (3 isolates) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (2 isolates), and the predominant anaerobic bacteria were Prevotella species (4 isolates), Peptostreptococcus species (3 isolates), and Propionibacterium acnes (2 isolates). Conclusion: The findings in our study highlight the potential importance of anaerobic bacteria in acute pericarditis. C1 USN HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,BETHESDA,MD. USN HOSP,DEPT INFECT DIS,BETHESDA,MD. NR 25 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD SEP 9 PY 1996 VL 156 IS 16 BP 1857 EP 1860 DI 10.1001/archinte.156.16.1857 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VF627 UT WOS:A1996VF62700011 PM 8790081 ER EF