FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Burk, SD Thompson, WT AF Burk, SD Thompson, WT TI Mesoscale modeling of summertime refractive conditions in the Southern California bight SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PREDICTION; TRANSPORT AB Large vertical gradients of temperature and moisture, often present at the top of the atmospheric boundary layer, can result in anomalous electromagnetic propagation. Layers in which the modified refractive index M decreases with height can act to trap microwave energy depending on the frequency and angle of incidence of the signal. Here the authors examine the ability of a mesoscale model to forecast the topography of such a trapping layer and to predict temporal trends in trapping-layer structure and depth. Data from the Variability of Coastal Atmospheric Refractivity (VOCAR) experiment are used to examine the fidelity of model forecasts. The intensive observing period of VOCAR occurred from 23 August to 3 September 1993 in the Southern California bight. The mesoscale numerical weather prediction model used has a sophisticated physics package that includes a second-order closure turbulence scheme, detailed radiative flux computations, and explicit cloud physics. The impact of several specific mesoscale and synoptic events (e.g., sea-land breezes, a migrating low) upon the refractivity field is examined along with the model's capacity to forecast these features. The model exhibits significant promise in its ability to forecast trends in the height of the microwave trapping layer. Furthermore, these trends in trapping-layer depth are found to correlate rather well with the temporal behavior of the measured propagation factor. RP USN, NAVAL RES LAB, MARINE METEOROL DIV, 7 GRACE HOPPER AVE, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. NR 25 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 36 IS 1 BP 22 EP 31 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1997)036<0022:MMOSRC>2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA WE829 UT WOS:A1997WE82900003 ER PT J AU Hardner, HT Weissman, MB Jaime, M Treece, RE Dorsey, PC Horwitz, JS Chrisey, DB AF Hardner, HT Weissman, MB Jaime, M Treece, RE Dorsey, PC Horwitz, JS Chrisey, DB TI Non-Gaussian noise in a colossal magnetoresistive film SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID 1/F NOISE; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; THIN-FILMS AB Anomalous non-Gaussian effects appear in the resistance fluctuations of a macroscopic sample of the colossal magnetoresistive material La2/3Ca1/3MnO3. Individual resistance switches are frequently resolved. The results indicate the presence of highly inhomogeneous hopping resistance a among magnetic domains in this partially disordered material. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP UNIV ILLINOIS, DEPT PHYS, 1110 W GREEN ST, URBANA, IL 61801 USA. RI Jaime, Marcelo/F-3791-2015 OI Jaime, Marcelo/0000-0001-5360-5220 NR 19 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 1 BP 272 EP 275 DI 10.1063/1.363844 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WA947 UT WOS:A1997WA94700042 ER PT J AU Goforth, HW Arnall, DA Bennett, BL Law, PG AF Goforth, HW Arnall, DA Bennett, BL Law, PG TI Persistence of supercompensated muscle glycogen in trained subjects after carbohydrate loading SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE supercompensation; glucose polymers; humans ID HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; ECCENTRIC EXERCISE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; RESYNTHESIS; ENZYMES; PERFORMANCE; REST; TIME; DIET; MEN AB Several carbohydrate (CHO)-loading protocols have been used to achieve muscle glycogen supercompensation and prolong endurance performance. This study assessed the persistence of muscle glycogen supercompensation over the 3 days after the supercompensation protocol. Trained male athletes completed a B-day CHO-loading protocol that included cycle ergometer exercise and dietary manipulations. The 3-day depletion phase began with 115 min of cycling at 75% peak oxygen uptake followed by 3 X 60-s sprints and included the subjects consuming a low-CHO/high-protein/high-fat (10:41:49%) diet. Subjects cycled 40 min at the same intensity for the next 2 days. During the 3-day repletion phase, subjects rested and consumed a high-CHO/low-protein/low-fat (85:08:07%) diet, including a glucose-polymer beverage. A 3-day postloading phase followed, which involved a moderately high CHO diet (60%) and no exercise. Glycogen values for vastus lateralis biopsies at baseline and postloading days 1-3 were 408 +/- 168 (SD), 729 +/- 222, 648 +/- 186, and 714 +/- 196 mmol/kg dry wt, respectively. The CHO-loading protocol increased muscle glycogen by 1.79 times baseline, and muscle glycogen remained near this level during the 3-day postloading period. Results indicate that supercompensated muscle glycogen levels can be maintained for at least 3 days in a resting athlete when a moderate-CHO diet is consumed. RP Goforth, HW (reprint author), USN,HLTH RES CTR,DEPT HUMAN PERFORMANCE,POB 85122,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 82 IS 1 BP 342 EP 347 PG 6 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA WG328 UT WOS:A1997WG32800046 PM 9029236 ER PT J AU Watson, BT Hennrikus, WL AF Watson, BT Hennrikus, WL TI Postaxial type-B polydactyly - Prevalence and treatment SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article AB A prospective screening program of 11,161 newborns identified twenty-one infants who had postaxial type-B polydactyly (a prevalence of one in 531 live births), Sixteen infants (76 per cent) had bilateral postaxial type-B polydactyly, Eighteen infants (86 per cent) had a family history of the anomaly The racial prevalence was one in 143 live births of black infants and one in 1339 live births of white infants. The duplicated small fingers were treated in the newborn nursery with suture ligation at the base of the pedicle, One infant had a second procedure to remove a blackened digit that remained firmly attached one month after the initial treatment, No other complications occurred, Fifteen patients (twenty-eight fingers) were reexamined at an average age of twenty months (range, twelve to thirty-seven months). Twelve fingers (43 per cent) had a residual bump, with an average diameter of two millimeters (range, one to six millimeters), Despite the residual bumps, all of the parents were satisfied with the cosmetic result. C1 VALLEY CHILDRENS HOSP,DEPT ORTHOPAED,FRESNO,CA 93703. RP Watson, BT (reprint author), USN HOSP,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG & CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 14 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 79A IS 1 BP 65 EP 68 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA WF033 UT WOS:A1997WF03300007 PM 9010187 ER PT J AU DeSisto, WJ Rappoli, BJ AF DeSisto, WJ Rappoli, BJ TI In-line UV spectroscopy of YBa2Cu3O7 MOCVD precursors SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Metalorganic Vapour Phase Epitaxy CY JUN 09-13, 1996 CL CARDIFF INT ARENA, CARDIFF, WALES HO CARDIFF INT ARENA ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; BA AB Real-time UV absorbance of YBCO MOCVD precursors was monitored in-line at the bubbler effluent using a remote fiber-optic based dual-wavelength detection scheme. A S/N of 50:1 was obtained by signal averaging detector response over a one second interval. This technique provided a chemical specific measurement of extremely dilute concentrations of MOCVD source materials. In addition, several concentration transients were observed. Multi-wavelength detection (PDA/spectrograph) provided full spectral information. Bubbler efficiency of Y(thd)(3) was shown to improve as system pressure was increased. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP DeSisto, WJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV ELECT SCI & TECHNOL,CODE 6861,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JAN PY 1997 VL 170 IS 1-4 BP 242 EP 245 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(96)00624-0 PG 4 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA WD062 UT WOS:A1997WD06200044 ER PT J AU Wickenden, AE Alexander, WB Koleske, DD Freitas, JA AF Wickenden, AE Alexander, WB Koleske, DD Freitas, JA TI The influence of strain and mosaic structure on electrical and optical properties of GaN films on sapphire substrates SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Metalorganic Vapour Phase Epitaxy CY JUN 09-13, 1996 CL CARDIFF INT ARENA, CARDIFF, WALES HO CARDIFF INT ARENA ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION AB Photoluminescence, electron transport measurements, and seven-crystal X-ray diffractometry have been used to analyze high mobility (intentionally silicon-doped) and highly resistive (unintentionally doped) GaN films grown on a-plane (<11(2)over bar 0>) sapphire substrates. Values of omega/2 theta X-ray rocking curve FWHMs were seen which were lower than typically reported for GaN films on sapphire, and this has been attributed to the increased thickness of the analyzed films. Broadening was observed in the tail of the omega/2 theta X-ray rocking curve of a Si-doped GaN film relative to that of unintentionally doped films, indicating diffuse scatter of the X-ray beam. Mosaic structure and curvature induced in the sapphire substrate by the subsequently grown GaN film was also observed. C1 SACHS FREEMAN ASSOCIATES INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. RP Wickenden, AE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6861,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JAN PY 1997 VL 170 IS 1-4 BP 367 EP 371 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(96)00655-0 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA WD062 UT WOS:A1997WD06200069 ER PT J AU Milos, MF Dickens, SH AF Milos, MF Dickens, SH TI Effects of different shear test designs on dentin bond strength. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,ADAHF PAFFENBARGER RES CTR,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. USN,SCH DENT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 192 EP 192 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68000190 ER PT J AU Ralls, SA Simonson, LG Schade, SZ Ahlf, RL Cohen, ME Bolden, JA AF Ralls, SA Simonson, LG Schade, SZ Ahlf, RL Cohen, ME Bolden, JA TI Rapid detection of certain periodontopathic bacteria using a protease activity test. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,INST DENT RES,GREAT LAKES,IL 60088. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 304 EP 304 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68000302 ER PT J AU Schade, SZ Bolden, JA Sarauer, BJ Simonson, LG AF Schade, SZ Bolden, JA Sarauer, BJ Simonson, LG TI Certain oral bacteria show high protease activity by fluorescence polarization. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,INST DENT RES,GREAT LAKES,IL 60088. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 305 EP 305 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68000303 ER PT J AU Euler, G Miller, G Hutter, J Dalesandro, M AF Euler, G Miller, G Hutter, J Dalesandro, M TI Interleukin-6 in neutrophils from peripheral blood and inflammatory periradicular tissues. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,SCH DENT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. GEOCENTERS INC,BETHESDA,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 1242 EP 1242 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68001242 ER PT J AU Eichmiller, FC Hoffman, KM Guiseppetti, AA Wray, MM Avers, RJ AF Eichmiller, FC Hoffman, KM Guiseppetti, AA Wray, MM Avers, RJ TI Acid-assisted consolidation of silver alloys. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,ADAHF PAFFENBARGER RES CTR,GAITHERSBURG,MD. USN,SCH DENT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 1475 EP 1475 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68001471 ER PT J AU DeloreyLytle, JA Miksch, V Eichmiller, FC AF DeloreyLytle, JA Miksch, V Eichmiller, FC TI Microleakage of consolidated silver with various cavity liners. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,SCH DENT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. ADAHF PAFFENBARGER RES INST,GAITHERSBURG,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 1477 EP 1477 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68001472 ER PT J AU Simecek, JW Stone, ME Schutt, RW AF Simecek, JW Stone, ME Schutt, RW TI The lucidence of emergent dental conditions occurring in US Naval personnel SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,INST DENT RES,GREAT LAKES,IL. USN,DENT CTR,GREAT LAKES,IL. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 1559 EP 1559 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68001553 ER PT J AU Esquire, RG AF Esquire, RG TI Relation between phased dental delivery & emergency-prone dental conditions SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,DENT CTR,DENT BATTAL 2,CAMP LEJEUNE,NC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 1560 EP 1560 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68001557 ER PT J AU Simecek, JW Patterson, CW AF Simecek, JW Patterson, CW TI Dental emergencies in US Navy Personnel during a deployment at sea SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,INST DENT RES,GREAT LAKES,IL. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 1561 EP 1561 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68001558 ER PT J AU Simecek, JW Deutsch, WM Sidoff, SL AF Simecek, JW Deutsch, WM Sidoff, SL TI Distribution of dental emergencies of US Navy and Marine Corps personnel during operation restore hope. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,INST DENT RES,GREAT LAKES,IL. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 1562 EP 1562 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68001562 ER PT J AU Romney, RL Dickens, SH AF Romney, RL Dickens, SH TI Bonding to dry dentin with water-modified acetone-based primers. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,SCH DENT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NISI,PAFFENBARGER RES CTR,ADAHF,GAITHERSBURG,MD. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 1948 EP 1948 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68001946 ER PT J AU Simonson, LG Ralls, SA Ahlf, RL Cohen, ME Bolden, JA AF Simonson, LG Ralls, SA Ahlf, RL Cohen, ME Bolden, JA TI Rapid detection of clinical levels of mutans streptococci using the MuSt test(TM) SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,DENT RES INST,GREAT LAKES,IL 60088. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 2015 EP 2015 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68002008 ER PT J AU Fahncke, CR Kelly, JR Antonucci, JM AF Fahncke, CR Kelly, JR Antonucci, JM TI Influence of veneering material on failure of in-ceram FPD analogs SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. USN,SCH DENT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 2378 EP 2378 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68002376 ER PT J AU Pederson, ED Turner, DW Glynn, CT Merritt, C Teck, PL AF Pederson, ED Turner, DW Glynn, CT Merritt, C Teck, PL TI Bactericidal effects of PMN azurophil granule components on Treponema denticola. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,INST DENT RES,GREAT LAKES,IL 60088. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 2652 EP 2652 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68002649 ER PT J AU Leiendecker, T York, A Poindexter, F Chisick, M AF Leiendecker, T York, A Poindexter, F Chisick, M TI Periodontal screening and recording findings of active duty US military. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,INST DENT RES,BETHESDA,MD 20084. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 2694 EP 2694 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68002690 ER PT J AU Roddy, WC Brand, J Schultz, ST AF Roddy, WC Brand, J Schultz, ST TI Exposure dosages on an anthropometric phantom utilizing different radiographic techniques. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,DENT RES INST,GREAT LAKES,IL. UNIV OKLAHOMA,COLL DENT,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 2859 EP 2859 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68002852 ER PT J AU vonGonten, AS Kelly, JR Antonucci, JM AF vonGonten, AS Kelly, JR Antonucci, JM TI Load-bearing behavior of hydroxyapatite cement bioresorbable fiber mesh craniofacial structures. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,SCH DENT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 2935 EP 2935 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68002926 ER PT J AU Cummings, G Lenoci, K Malik, N Dalesandro, M Miller, G AF Cummings, G Lenoci, K Malik, N Dalesandro, M Miller, G TI Antibacterial effectiveness of temporary endodontic filling materials. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,SCH DENT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. GEOCENTERS INC,BETHESDA,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 2969 EP 2969 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68002963 ER PT J AU Ellert, DO Kelly, JR AF Ellert, DO Kelly, JR TI All-ceramic crown failure as a function of occlusal contact location. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,SCH DENT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 3030 EP 3030 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68003025 ER PT J AU Sonnier, K Dalesandro, M Gu, X Diehl, S Miller, G AF Sonnier, K Dalesandro, M Gu, X Diehl, S Miller, G TI Association of superantigens in the development of advanced periodontitis. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GEOCENTERS INC,BETHESDA,MD. NIDR,USN,DENT RES INST,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 3176 EP 3176 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68003169 ER PT J AU Mushrush, GW Basak, SC Slone, JE Beal, EJ Basu, S Stalick, WM Hardy, DR AF Mushrush, GW Basak, SC Slone, JE Beal, EJ Basu, S Stalick, WM Hardy, DR TI Computational study of the environmental fate of selected aircraft fuel system deicing compounds SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING & TOXIC AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE CONTROL LA English DT Article DE icing inhibitors; jet fuel; toxicology; environmental fate AB The current fuel system icing inhibitor (FSII) additives used for commercial and military aircraft are ethylene glycol mono methyl ether (EGME) and diethylene glycol mono methyl ether (DiEGME). Propylene glycol is used for wing deicing. Fuel deicing additives are required in military fuels an optional in commercial fuels with wing deicing being weather dependent. The acetals and ketals of reduced sugars are being synthesized and modeled computationally because they are less toxic and more environmentally benign than EGME and DiEGME. Each compound is being with an emphasis on deicing effectiveness, human toxicity, and environmental hazard. This paper reports on three compounds derived from the sugar mannose. C1 USN,RES LAB,NAVY TECHNOL CTR SAFETY & SURVIVABIL,CODE 6181,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV MINNESOTA,NAT RESOURCES RES INST,CTR WATER & ENVIRONM,DULUTH,MN 55811. RP Mushrush, GW (reprint author), GEORGE MASON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,FAIRFAX,VA 22030, USA. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 1077-1204 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL A JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Environ. Sci. Eng. Toxic Hazard. Subst. Control PY 1997 VL 32 IS 8 BP 2201 EP 2211 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA XV184 UT WOS:A1997XV18400010 ER PT J AU MacMillan, S Barraclough, DR Quinn, JM Coleman, RJ AF MacMillan, S Barraclough, DR Quinn, JM Coleman, RJ TI The 1995 revision of the joint US/UK geomagnetic field models .1. Secular variation SO JOURNAL OF GEOMAGNETISM AND GEOELECTRICITY LA English DT Article AB We present the methods used to derive mathematical models of global secular variation of the main geomagnetic field for the period 1985 to 2000. These secular-variation models are used in the construction of the candidate US/UK models for the Definitive Geomagnetic Reference Field at 1990, the International Geomagnetic Reference Field for 1995 to 2000, and the World Magnetic Model for 1995 to 2000 (see paper II, Quinn et al., 1997). The main sources of data for the secular-variation models are geomagnetic observatories and repeat stations. Over the areas devoid of these data secular-variation information is extracted from aeromagnetic and satellite data. We describe how secular variation is predicted up to the year 2000 at the observatories and repeat stations, how the aeromagnetic and satellite data are used, and how all the data are combined to produce the required models. C1 USN,OCEANOG OFF,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39522. RP MacMillan, S (reprint author), BRITISH GEOL SURVEY,W MAINS RD,EDINBURGH EH9 3LA,MIDLOTHIAN,SCOTLAND. NR 8 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU TERRA SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PI TOKYO PA 2003 SANSEI JIYUGAOKA HAIMU, 5-27-19 OKUSAWA, SETAGAYA-KU, TOKYO 158, JAPAN SN 0022-1392 J9 J GEOMAGN GEOELECTR JI J. Geomagn. Geoelectr. PY 1997 VL 49 IS 2-3 BP 229 EP 243 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA WX170 UT WOS:A1997WX17000006 ER PT J AU Quinn, JM Coleman, RJ MacMillan, S Barraclough, DR AF Quinn, JM Coleman, RJ MacMillan, S Barraclough, DR TI The 1995 revision of the joint US/UK geomagnetic field models .2. Main field SO JOURNAL OF GEOMAGNETISM AND GEOELECTRICITY LA English DT Article ID MAGSAT AB This paper presents the 1995 main-field revision of the World Magnetic Model (WMM-95). It is based on Project MAGNET high-level (greater than or equal to 15,000 ft.) vector aeromagnetic survey data collected between 1988 and 1994 and on scalar total intensity data collected by the Polar Orbiting Geomagnetic Survey (FOGS) satellite during the period 1991 through 1993. The spherical harmonic model produced from these data describes that portion of the Earth's magnetic field generated internal to the Earth's surface at the 1995.0 Epoch. When combined with the spherical harmonic model of the Earth's secular variation described in paper I, the Earth's main magnetic field is fully characterized between the years 1995 and 2000. Regional magnetic field models for the conterminous United States, Alaska and, Hawaii were generated as by-products of the global modeling process. C1 USN,OCEANOG OFF,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39522. BRITISH GEOL SURVEY,EDINBURGH EH9 3LA,MIDLOTHIAN,SCOTLAND. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU TERRA SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PI TOKYO PA 2003 SANSEI JIYUGAOKA HAIMU, 5-27-19 OKUSAWA, SETAGAYA-KU, TOKYO 158, JAPAN SN 0022-1392 J9 J GEOMAGN GEOELECTR JI J. Geomagn. Geoelectr. PY 1997 VL 49 IS 2-3 BP 245 EP 261 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA WX170 UT WOS:A1997WX17000007 ER PT J AU Lim, TW Bosse, A Fisher, S AF Lim, TW Bosse, A Fisher, S TI Adaptive filters for real-time system identification and control SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID EIGENSYSTEM REALIZATION-ALGORITHM AB An adaptive filter or a neural network concept has been used to develop an algorithm for real-time system identification and control. The algorithm permits not only identification of transfer functions of linear structural systems but also extraction of modal parameters such as natural frequencies, damping ratios, and mode shape coefficients in real time. Because the algorithm is capable of identifying a single mode at a time, bandpass filters are employed to make it work properly for systems with multiple modes. The algorithm has been implemented in a digital signal processor-based data acquisition and control system for the system identification and control experiments with the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory space truss. It was experimentally demonstrated that the algorithm was capable of identifying modal parameters of the truss accurately by using a truss tip-mounted accelerometer as a sensor and a piezoceramic active strut as a disturbance source. The algorithm was also successfully employed to conduct active vibration suppression and performance monitoring of the feedback controller by using the active strut and a collocated force transducer. C1 SWALES & ASSOCIATES INC,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Lim, TW (reprint author), UNIV KANSAS,DEPT AEROSP ENGN,LAWRENCE,KS 66045, USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0731-5090 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 20 IS 1 BP 61 EP 66 DI 10.2514/2.3995 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA WC645 UT WOS:A1997WC64500008 ER PT J AU Xie, GG Lam, SS AF Xie, GG Lam, SS TI An efficient network architecture motivated by application-level QoS SO JOURNAL OF HIGH SPEED NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE application-level QoS; deterministic traffic model; burst scheduling; admission control; selective early ADU discard AB We consider application-level quality of service (QoS) requirements in design of networks that provide delay and loss guarantees Using this approach, we have designed a novel network architecture that in many aspects is more efficient than ones motivated exclusively by packet QoS. An overview of our work is presented in this paper. The centerpiece of our design is a traffic model that enables delivery of application specific information to the network. Based on the traffic model, we have developed: (i) efficient network techniques for providing application-level delay guarantees, (ii) an admission control algorithm for a statistical service that bounds application data losses below a specified value, and (iii) network techniques for managing application data losses to achieve fairness and protection of high priority data units marked by applications (e.g., I frames of MPEG applications). C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Comp Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Xie, GG (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM xie@cs.nps.navy.mil; lam@cs.utexas.edu NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6801 J9 J HIGH SPEED NETW JI J. High Speed Netw. PY 1997 VL 6 IS 3 BP 165 EP 179 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA YW229 UT WOS:000071911400001 ER PT J AU Kostoff, RN Eberhart, HJ Toothman, DR AF Kostoff, RN Eberhart, HJ Toothman, DR TI Database tomography for information retrieval SO JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Database tomography is an information extraction and analysis system which operates on textual databases. Its primary use to date has been tb identify pervasive technical thrusts and themes, and the interrelationships among these themes and sub-themes, which are intrinsic to large textual databases. Its two main algorithmic components are multiword phrase frequency analysis and phrase proximity analysis. This paper shows how database tomography can be used to enhance information retrieval from large textual databases through the newly developed process of simulated nucleation. The principles of simulated nucleation are presented, and the advantages for information retrieval are delineated. An application is described of developing, from Science Citation Index and Engineering Compendex, a database of journal articles focused on near-Earth space science and technology. C1 USN, CTR AIR WARFARE, CHINA LAKE, CA USA. DSTI INC, ROCKVILLE, MD USA. RP Kostoff, RN (reprint author), OFF NAVAL RES, CODE 354, 800 N QUINCY ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22217 USA. NR 31 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0165-5515 J9 J INF SCI JI J. Inf. Sci. PY 1997 VL 23 IS 4 BP 301 EP 311 DI 10.1177/016555159702300404 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA XM465 UT WOS:A1997XM46500004 ER PT J AU Jones, RT Sirkis, JS Friebele, EJ AF Jones, RT Sirkis, JS Friebele, EJ TI Detection of impact location and magnitude for isotropic plates using neural networks SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID DAMAGE DETECTION; STRUCTURAL DAMAGE AB A neural network-based method of determining the location and magnitude of transverse impact events on isotropic plates is investigated experimentally. Time data from four sensors mounted in the corners of an aluminum plate was processed to provide inputs for two backpropagation neural networks. The first neural network was responsible for detecting impact location. After 1 million iterations of training, this neural network was able to locate impacts with an average RMS error of 1.55 radial centimeters on a 58.5 centimeter by 36.8 centimeter (23 inch by 14.5 inch) fully-clamped plate. The second neural network was responsible for impact magnitude detection. This neural network was able to determine the impact magnitude with an average of 13.8% error. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,SMART MAT & STRUCT RES CTR,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 23 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU TECHNOMIC PUBL CO INC PI LANCASTER PA 851 NEW HOLLAND AVE, BOX 3535, LANCASTER, PA 17604 SN 1045-389X J9 J INTEL MAT SYST STR JI J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 8 IS 1 BP 90 EP 99 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WT370 UT WOS:A1997WT37000008 ER PT J AU Chakarian, V Idzerda, YU Kao, CC Chen, CT AF Chakarian, V Idzerda, YU Kao, CC Chen, CT TI Circular polarized soft X-ray resonant magnetic scattering studies of FeCo/Mn/FeCo multilayers SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium E on Magnetic Ultrathin Films, Multilayers and Surfaces at the 1996 European-Materials-Research-Society Spring Meeting CY JUN 04-07, 1996 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc, Ford Motor Co, Thompson CSF, YKK, Toshiba, SMI, Hitachi, Holm SI DE X-ray scattering; magnetic dichroism; multilayers; magnetic ordering ID DICHROISM; EDGES AB We present some of our recent results of circular polarized soft X-ray resonant magnetic scattering studies, a technique which combines the power of X-ray scattering and magnetic circular dichroism. The energy, angle, and polarization dependence of the reflectivity near the L-edges of the each element provides a new means for determining multilayer magnetic ordering in a heteromagnetic multilayer in an element-specific manner. As an example, the results from a Fe25Co75/Mn/Fe25Co75 trilayer are presented. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. RP Chakarian, V (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,USN,RES LAB,BLDG 5108,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 12 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 165 IS 1-3 BP 52 EP 55 DI 10.1016/S0304-8853(96)00471-4 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA WF862 UT WOS:A1997WF86200013 ER PT J AU Cohen, ME AF Cohen, ME TI On the interpretation of microbial clusters in periodontal disease SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE periodontal diseases; oral microbiology; biostatistics; cluster analysis ID PATTERNS AB Cluster analysis is sometimes used in periodontal research to describe patterns of microbial identifications observed among cases (subjects or sites). These patterns are assumed to define subsets of cases that are meaningful, in the sense of defining periodontal subgroups that have reliable differences in some aspect of their disease. However, cluster analysis is an exploratory, first-stage technique that does not incorporate the machinery that allows one to evaluate the statistical significance and reliability of the patterns observed. Problems inherent in drawing inferences from cluster analysis are discussed and, as one methodological example of how the statistical significance of clustering might be determined, a randomization-based test for binary scaled microbial identifications is described. The introduction of cluster analysis to the study of periodontal microbiology was important and innovative, but future work needs to incorporate validation by either statistical means or independent replication. The present rarity of such confirmatory methods in the literature suggests caution in accepting specific cluster-based hypotheses about patient-microbial patterns. RP Cohen, ME (reprint author), USN,INST DENT RES,BLDG 1-H,2701 SHERIDAN RD,GREAT LAKES,IL 60088, USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0022-3484 J9 J PERIODONTAL RES JI J. Periodont. Res. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 32 IS 1 BP 47 EP 53 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1997.tb01381.x PN 1 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WN710 UT WOS:A1997WN71000006 PM 9085242 ER PT J AU Shay, LK Chang, SW AF Shay, LK Chang, SW TI Free surface effects on the near-inertial ocean current response to a hurricane: A revisit SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID MOVING STORM; MODEL; SHELF; MEXICO; WAKE; GULF AB Free surface effects induced by an idealized hurricane based on observed air-sea variables in Hurricane Frederic are revisited to examine the barotropic and baroclinic response. Over five inertial periods comparisons between a one-layer and a 17-level model indicate a difference of 6-8 cm s(-1) in the depth-averaged current and sea level oscillations of 4-5 cm. In a one-layer simulation, the surface slope geostrophically balances the depth averaged current, whereas the 17-level model simulations indicate a near-inertially oscillating current of 7-8 cm s(-1) found by removing the depth-averaged flow from the geostrophic currents induced by the surface slope. Surface undulations are driven by the depth-averaged nonlinear terms in the density equation, that is, [up,], [vp,], and [wp,]. Based on fits of the 17 levels of demodulated horizontal velocities at 1.03f (f the Coriolis parameter) to the eigenfunctions, maximum amplitudes of the barotropic and first baroclinic modes are 7 and 58 cm s(-1), respectively. The barotropic mode amplitude is consistent with the current found by removing the depth-averaged flow from the geostrophic current that contributes 2%-3% to the energy in the near-inertial wave pass band. Vertical velocity eigenfunctions at the surface indicate that the barotropic mode is at least 50 to 80 times larger than the baroclinic mode. Surface displacements by the barotropic mode have amplitudes of +/-4 cm, explaining 90% to 95% of the height variations. The first baroclinic mode contributes about 0.2-0.4 cm to the free surface displacements. The weak barotropic near-inertial current provides a physical mechanism for the eventual breakup of the sea surface depression induced by the hurricane's wind stress and surface Ekman divergence. C1 USN,RES LAB,MARINE METEOROL DIV,MONTEREY,CA. RP Shay, LK (reprint author), UNIV MIAMI,ROSENSTIEL SCH MARINE & ATMOSPHER SCI,MPO,DIV METEOROL & PHYS OCEANOG,MIAMI,FL 33149, USA. NR 25 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 27 IS 1 BP 23 EP 39 DI 10.1175/1520-0485(1997)027<0023:FSEOTN>2.0.CO;2 PG 17 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WG321 UT WOS:A1997WG32100003 ER PT J AU Viudez, A Haney, RL AF Viudez, A Haney, RL TI On the relative vorticity of the Atlantic jet in the Alboran Sea SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CURVATURE VORTICITY; SURFACE OUTFLOW; GYRE; STRAIT; CURRENTS; SHEAR; FLOWS; MODEL AB It is shown, from hydrographic data, that the eastward flowing Atlantic jet (AJ) in the Alboran Sea has zero or positive relative vorticity. This holds even when the AJ curves anticyclonically around the western and eastern Alboran gyres; This feature is due to the presence of large positive shear vorticity mainly caused by the interaction between the AJ and the slow westward flow of Mediterranean Water on the northern side of the AJ. It is also shown that the AJ acquires negative curvature vorticity at the same time that it acquires positive shear vorticity at the exit of the Strait of Gibraltar. This feature is described in terms of a shear and curvature conversion. It is found that the cross-stream variation of alongstream geopotential differences is the main term in this vorticity interchange description of the AJ in the western Alboran Sea. RP Viudez, A (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT METEOROL,589 DYER RD,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. RI Viudez, Alvaro/A-8201-2008 OI Viudez, Alvaro/0000-0001-7862-9835 NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 27 IS 1 BP 175 EP 185 DI 10.1175/1520-0485(1997)027<0175:OTRVOT>2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WG321 UT WOS:A1997WG32100012 ER PT J AU Pugh, VJ Richardson, FS Gruber, JB Seltzer, MD AF Pugh, VJ Richardson, FS Gruber, JB Seltzer, MD TI Characterization and analysis of the 4f-electronic states of trivalent holmium in yttrium scandium gallium garnet SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE inorganic compounds; optical materials; oxides; crystal fields; optical properties ID CRYSTAL-FIELD ANALYSES; ENERGY-LEVELS; TRIGONAL NA3.2NACLO4.6H2O; OPTICAL-SPECTRA; ALUMINUM-GARNET; GROWTH; TRANSITIONS; THULIUM; ND-3+ AB The electronic energy-level structure of Ho3+-doped yttrium scandium gallium garner (Ho:YSGG) is examined over the 0-41,600 cm(-1) spectral range. Data obtained from a combination of optical absorption, emission and emission excitation spectra measurements are used to locate and assign 232 of the 465 crystal-field (Stark) levels predicted to be split out of the 45 lowest-energy 4f(10)[SL]J multiplet manifolds of Ho3+ in Ho:YSGG. The experimentally characterized energy-level structure is analyzed in terms of a model Hamiltonian defined to represent the major atomic-like (isotropic) interactions that contribute to the LS(term) and J(multiplet) structure of 4f(10)(Ho3+), as well as the anisotropic crystal-field interactions that determine the splittings between Stark levels within the [SL]J multiplet manifolds of 4f(10)(Ho3+). A parameterized form of the model Hamiltonian is used to perform parametric fits of calculated to observed energy-level data, and the results obtained from these data fits show a root-mean-square deviation of <9 cm(-1) between the calculated and experimentally determined energies. The crystal-field interaction strengths and anisotropies determined in the present study for Ho3+ in YSGG are compared to those determined previously for Ho3+ in YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet, Y3Al5O12) and for Er3+ in both YSGG and YAG. These comparisons show small but clearly measurable differences between the crystal-field interactions operative in YSGG vs YAG (for both Ho3+ and Er3+ dopant ions). The most significant differences between the results obtained from comparative crystal-field analyses of the Ho3+ vs Er3+ systems are seen in the two-electron correlation-crystal-field (CCF) contributions to energy-level structure. Whereas CCF interactions appear to play a very important role in determining the energy-level structures of several 4f(10)(Er3+) multiplet manifolds, no evidence is found for strong CCF effects on the energy-level structures of 4f(10)(Ho3+) multiplet manifolds. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT CHEM,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22901. SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SAN JOSE,CA 95192. USN,CTR AIR WARFARE,DIV WEAPONS,RES DEPT,CHEM DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD JAN PY 1997 VL 58 IS 1 BP 85 EP 101 DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(96)00100-X PG 17 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA WB621 UT WOS:A1997WB62100012 ER PT J AU Dahlburg, RB AF Dahlburg, RB TI Transition to turbulent electric current sheet reconnection SO JOURNAL OF PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY INSTABILITY; SOLAR SURGES; TEARING MODE AB Electric current sheets develop in the solar corona when different flux systems come into contact. At these sheets magnetic energy is transformed into heat and kinetic energy by means of reconnection. We have previously demonstrated how to accelerate neutral sheet energy conversion by means of a transition to turbulent, reconnection via ideal, three-dimensional secondary instabilities, as conjectured by Montgomery. In this paper we describe how our previous results are modified by the presence of a finite mean sheetwise magnetic field. We find a stabilization from this field, due to a decrease in energy transfer from the basic magnetic field to the three-dimensional perturbed fields. An increase in perturbed dissipative energy losses is also observed. RP Dahlburg, RB (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, COMPUTAT PHYS & FLUID DYNAM LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 19 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-3778 J9 J PLASMA PHYS JI J. Plasma Phys. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 57 BP 35 EP 45 DI 10.1017/S0022377896005247 PN 1 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA WY352 UT WOS:A1997WY35200002 ER PT J AU Apruzese, JP Whitney, KG Davis, J Kepple, PC AF Apruzese, JP Whitney, KG Davis, J Kepple, PC TI K-shell line ratios and powers for diagnosing cylindrical plasmas of neon, aluminum, argon, and titanium SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-EMISSION; Z-PINCH; GAS-PUFF; RADIATION; IMPLOSIONS; SPECTRA; GENERATORS; DENSITY AB Detailed collisional-radiative-equilibrium calculations resonance lines of the hydrogen- and helium-like ionic stages: are presented as isocontours in temperature and density space along with the total power emitted from those stages. Taken together, the contours provide a one-to-one correspondence between line ratios and power outputs and the electron temperatures and ion densities of uniform, cylindrically symmetric, optically thick plasmas. The results are given for different sized neon, aluminum, argon, and titanium plasmas, and for temperatures which favor ionization to the K shell. The underlying physics determining the dependencies of the various quantities and some of the limitations of their application are discussed. These results are intended for use in the diagnosis of Z-pinch plasmas, and can provide insight into how their properties depend on generator and load design. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Apruzese, JP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,RADIAT HYDRODYNAM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 26 TC 93 Z9 98 U1 2 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 57 IS 1 BP 41 EP 61 DI 10.1016/S0022-4073(96)00097-0 PG 21 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA WC326 UT WOS:A1997WC32600005 ER PT J AU Barnes, DA Vizzini, AJ Macander, AB AF Barnes, DA Vizzini, AJ Macander, AB TI The nature of failure of thick-section laminated composites containing pre-existing edge delamination SO JOURNAL OF REINFORCED PLASTICS AND COMPOSITES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Technical Conference of the American-Society-for-Composites CY OCT 07-09, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Soc Composites ID COMPRESSION FAILURE; GROWTH AB An analytical and experimental investigation was performed to study the compression failure of thick-section laminated composites containing a pre-existing semicircular edge delamination. A three-dimensional linear finite element model was developed to predict the stress field acting along the delamination front for a laminate of arbitrary thickness and stacking sequence, and a semi-circular edge delamination of arbitrary location and size. Experimentally; thick-section E-glass fabric/vinylester laminated composite specimens containing either a single or multiple simulated semi-circular edge delamination(s) were tested in compression and in four-point bending loading conditions to ascertain the dominant failure mode. In specimens containing only a single simulated edge delamination, experimental results have shown that the failure mode depends on the depth of the initial delamination. The failure mode changed from in-plane (shear-dominated) fracture to sublaminate buckling with the consequence of delamination growth as the depth of the initial delamination decreased. However, in the specimen containing multiple simulated edge delaminations, delamination growth occurred without sublaminate buckling, possibly indicating that multiple delaminations have a larger effect on the stress state than a single delamination does. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT AEROSP ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,BETHESDA,MD 20084. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TECHNOMIC PUBL CO INC PI LANCASTER PA 851 NEW HOLLAND AVE, BOX 3535, LANCASTER, PA 17604 SN 0731-6844 J9 J REINF PLAST COMP JI J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. PY 1997 VL 16 IS 17 BP 1536 EP 1549 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA YH737 UT WOS:A1997YH73700001 ER PT J AU Raouf, RA AF Raouf, RA TI A study of the effects of fiber waviness on the buckling characteristics of laminated plates SO JOURNAL OF REINFORCED PLASTICS AND COMPOSITES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Technical Conference of the American-Society-for-Composites CY OCT 07-09, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Soc Composites AB The equations of equilibrium of a composite plate with in-plane fiber waviness are derived and the effects of waviness on the buckling loads are studied. The plate is assumed to be in cylindrical bending and the resulting eigenvalue problem is solved using a combination of a shooting algorithm and the secant method. A numerical example of a plate with sinusoidal fiber waviness shows that the buckling load decreases as the amplitude of the waviness increases. However, results indicate that it is possible to enhance the stability characteristics of the plate by introducing artificial fiber waviness to increase its buckling load. RP Raouf, RA (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT MECH ENGN,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TECHNOMIC PUBL CO INC PI LANCASTER PA 851 NEW HOLLAND AVE, BOX 3535, LANCASTER, PA 17604 SN 0731-6844 J9 J REINF PLAST COMP JI J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. PY 1997 VL 16 IS 17 BP 1591 EP 1598 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA YH737 UT WOS:A1997YH73700005 ER PT J AU Nazeri, A TrzaskomaPaulette, PP Bauer, D AF Nazeri, A TrzaskomaPaulette, PP Bauer, D TI Synthesis and properties of cerium and titanium oxide thin coatings for corrosion protection of 304 stainless steel SO JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ceria; titania; corrosion-resistance; coatings; stainless steel ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; CHROMIUM; ALLOYS AB Powders and thin coatings of ceria and titania were synthesized from aqueous and solvent-based precursors. Thin coatings were deposited on polished 304 stainless steel coupons by dipping them in the appropriate sol-gel oxide precursors. The coatings were subsequently densified and crystallized at several hundreds of degrees. It was possible to obtain dense titania coatings by applying thin coatings of cerium dioxide prior to titania on stainless steel substrates. Underlayer ceria coatings proved to be pivotal in obtaining dense titania coatings and preserving the integrity of the stainless steel while going through the high temperature treatments. The effect of processing parameters such as the atmosphere of heat-treatment, and temperature on the microstructure and crystal structure of the films and powders of ceria and titania was investigated. X-ray diffraction was used to identify the crystal structure of films and powders upon heat-treatment. Electrochemical measurements in NaCl, and analytical techniques such as SEM and EDX were used to evaluate the corrosion performance and pitting morphology of coated samples. A composite coating of ceria and titania was able to prevent crevice corrosion and increase the pitting resistance of the 304 stainless steel relative to the uncoated substrate. RP Nazeri, A (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,MAT & TECHNOL DIV,4555 OVER LOOK AVE,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 14 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 18 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-0707 J9 J SOL-GEL SCI TECHN JI J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. PY 1997 VL 10 IS 3 BP 317 EP 331 DI 10.1023/A:1018381503008 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA YL639 UT WOS:A1997YL63900009 ER PT J AU Moore, FG McInville, RM AF Moore, FG McInville, RM TI New semiempirical model for wing-tail interference SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article AB A new semiempirical model to predict wing-tail interference on missile configurations has been developed. The new model is grounded in slender body theory at low angle of attack and uses experimental data at high angle of attack to estimate the interference term as a percent of slender body theory. The theory is developed for the roll position of both 0 deg [fins in plus (+) fin arrangement] and 45 deg [fins in cross (x) fin arrangement]. Comparison of the new method to existing approaches and experimental data appears to show the new technique to be a potential improvement in the state of the art for wing-tail interference prediction methods. However, additional wind-tunnel data for wing-tail interference are needed for evaluation of the new model before definitive statements can be made on its added value and, in particular, its accuracy outside the range of data upon which it was based. RP Moore, FG (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,WEAPON SYST DEPT,DAHLGREN DIV,AEROMECH BRANCH,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 34 IS 1 BP 48 EP 53 DI 10.2514/2.3191 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA WG795 UT WOS:A1997WG79500009 ER PT J AU Moore, FG McInville, RM AF Moore, FG McInville, RM TI Nonlinear aeroprediction methodology for roll position of 45 degrees SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article AB The US. Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren Division, aeroprediction code has been extended to the roll position of 45 deg (or fins in cross or x orientation). New technology developed and discussed includes wing body and body-wing interference factors for this roll orientation and to angles of attack of 90 deg; approximate methods to estimate wing-alone center of pressure shift at high angles of attack and 45 deg roll position; and fin choking at high Mach number. This new technology allows aerodynamics to be estimated with average accuracy levels of +/-10% on normal and axial force coefficients and +/-4% of body length on center of pressure. Exceptions to these accuracy levels are at subsonic Mach number and high angle of attack, where wind-tunnel sting interference effects are present, and at high Mach number and angle of attack, where internal shock interactions from a forward fin onto an aft-mounted fin are present. Results are presented for several wing-body and wing-body-tail configurations at various Mach numbers and angles of attack to support this average accuracy level conclusion. RP Moore, FG (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,WEAPONS SYST DEPT,DAHLGREN DIV,AEROMECH BRANCH,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 34 IS 1 BP 54 EP 61 DI 10.2514/2.3192 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA WG795 UT WOS:A1997WG79500010 ER PT J AU Larraza, A Denardo, B AF Larraza, A Denardo, B TI Acoustic waveguides as tools in fundamental nonlinear physics SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article C1 UNIV MISSISSIPPI,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677. UNIV MISSISSIPPI,NATL CTR PHYS ACOUST,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677. RP Larraza, A (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT PHYS,CODE PHLA,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 101 IS 1 BP 27 EP 28 DI 10.1121/1.419505 PG 2 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA WB854 UT WOS:A1997WB85400001 ER PT J AU Piquette, JC Forsythe, SE AF Piquette, JC Forsythe, SE TI A nonlinear material model of lead magnesium niobate (PMN) SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB A one-dimensional material model of lead magnesium niobate (PMN) is presented. The model includes saturation phenomenology, but excludes hysteresis and dispersion. (Constant temperature is assumed.) It is shown that the strain can be taken to respond as an exactly quadratic function in the electric displacement D throughout the saturation region and yet still deduce the full observed response of the material, including flattening of the curve, when the strain is expressed as a function of electric field E. The model developed here is shown to be compatible with experimental measurements previously acquired by other researchers. RP Piquette, JC (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,UNDERWATER SOUND REFERENCE DETACHMENT,POB 568337,ORLANDO,FL 32856, USA. NR 9 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 101 IS 1 BP 289 EP 296 DI 10.1121/1.418009 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA WB854 UT WOS:A1997WB85400030 ER PT J AU Wilson, JH Veenhuis, RS AF Wilson, JH Veenhuis, RS TI Shallow water beamforming with small aperture, horizontal, towed arrays SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID RANGE-DEPENDENT ENVIRONMENT; MOVING POINT-SOURCE; UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC FIELD; FOURIER-SERIES METHOD; MATCHED-FIELD; SOURCE LOCALIZATION; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; MODE; SOUND AB This paper shows that the performance of plane-wave beamformers is significantly degraded in shallow water for horizontal arrays, even for short aperture arrays. Horizontal towed arrays must have short apertures for practical reasons, and the plane-wave beamformer needs to be augmented to optimize performance in shallow water. Matched-field processing (MFP) is a beamforming technique which allows for the detection and localization of an acoustic source in range and depth using passive sonar. The performance of MFP to augment plane-wave beamforming in shallow water environments using a short aperture horizontal line array is investigated It is realized that MFP performance is enhanced when vertical arrays are used in deep water, or large aperture horizontal arrays are available in shallow water. However, this paper addresses the realistic case of operational, tactical horizontal arrays which are practical to deploy in shallow water. This paper attempts to integrate inverse beamforming (IBF) [A. H. Nuttall and J. H. Wilson, J. Acoust. Sec. Am. 90, 2004-2019 (1991); J. H. Wilson, J. Acoust. Sec. Am. 98, 3250-3261 (1995)], a plane-wave beamformer, with MFP so that the strengths of each are utilized. Results of test cases using synthetic data are presented to evaluate the effects of frequency, bottom type, relative target bearing, and sound-speed profile on MFP and IBF performance. IBF consists of three algorithms: the Fourier integral method (FIM) beamformer; the eight nearest neighbor peak picker (ENNPP); and a sophisticated M of N tracker. It is shown that MFP performance is significantly better than plane-wave beamforming for higher frequencies, for more reflective bottom types in shallow water, and for relative target bearings away from the broadside beams. IBF, or plane-wave beamforming, performs well at very low frequencies (VLF), in mud/silt-clay bottoms, and at beams near broadside. It is also shown that the performance of any plane-wave beamformer, including IBF, is severely degraded in shallow water for relative bearings away from the broadside beams, particularly at higher frequencies. Finally, the MFP algorithm in conjunction with the ENNPP and M of N tracker are shown to perform well in the real, deep water ocean environment. No appropriate shallow water measured data is available to evaluate the integrated IBF/MFP algorithm in shallow water. (C) 1997 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OCEANOG,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP Wilson, JH (reprint author), NEPTUNE SCI INC,4711 VIEWRIDGE AVE,SUITE 150,SAN DIEGO,CA 92123, USA. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 101 IS 1 BP 384 EP 394 DI 10.1121/1.417984 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA WB854 UT WOS:A1997WB85400041 ER PT J AU Li, TM AF Li, TM TI Air-sea interactions of relevance to the ITCZ: Analysis of coupled instabilities and experiments in a hybrid coupled GCM SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE MODEL; SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TROPICAL PACIFIC; SEASONAL CYCLE; CIRCULATION; VARIABILITY; WINDS AB The eastern Pacific and Atlantic have a curious climatic asymmetry relative to the equator. Whereas the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) characterized by persistent and heavy rainfall and the warmest surface waters reside north of the equator, a cold tongue in sea surface temperature (SST) occurs at and south of the equator even though the time-mean solar radiation is approximately symmetric about the equator. In this paper the author investigates the relative role of three types of coupled ocean-atmosphere interaction processes-the meridional wind-SST feedback, the evaporation-wind feedback, and the low-level stratus cloud-SST feedback-in determining the climatic asymmetry relative to the equator. This study has two components. First, a simple analytical model is constructed in which the aforementioned three positive-feedback mechanisms are all included in a unified dynamic framework. The author's stability analysis indicates that in a reasonable parameter regime the growth rates associated with the three coupled instabilities are of the same order of magnitude, suggesting that they are all important in contributing to the climatic asymmetry. Because of the dependence of the three feedback mechanisms on the existence of a shallow oceanic mixed layer that, in turn, is a result of equatorial easterlies, the existence of the equatorial easterlies is essential for the amplification of the climatic asymmetry. Next, a hybrid coupled general circulation model is used in which a realistic continental and coastal geometry is presented. The model starts from an ideal symmetric condition forced only by the annual-mean insolation at the top of the atmosphere which is approximately symmetric about the equator. In the presence of the three air-sea interaction mechanisms, the coupled model is capable of reproducing a realistic asymmetric time-mean state in the eastern Pacific and Atlantic. The fundamental cause of the asymmetry in the eastern Pacific is the tilt of the western coast of the Americas, which perturbs SST in the vicinity of the coastal region through a so-called coastal wind-upwelling mechanism. The asymmetry in the Atlantic, on the other hand, results from the land-ocean thermal contrast between the bulge of northwestern Africa and the ocean to the south. The ocean-atmosphere interactions act as an amplifier to amplify the asymmetry set up by the continental or coastal asymmetry. Numerical experiments presented here demonstrate the importance of the geographic asymmetries and the ocean-atmosphere interactions in determining the preferred climatic position for the ITCZ. RP Li, TM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,UNIV CORP ATMOSPHER RES,VISITING SCI PROGRAM,7 GRACE HOPPER AVE,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 23 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD JAN 1 PY 1997 VL 54 IS 1 BP 134 EP 147 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(1997)054<0134:ASIORT>2.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA WD277 UT WOS:A1997WD27700010 ER PT J AU Strohkendl, FP Dalton, LR Hellwarth, RW Sarkas, HW Kafafi, ZH AF Strohkendl, FP Dalton, LR Hellwarth, RW Sarkas, HW Kafafi, ZH TI Phase-mismatched degenerate four-wave mixing: Complex third-order susceptibility tensor elements of C-60 at 768 nm SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR-OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; FILMS AB We describe and analyze an ah-optical method to measure bath the magnitude and the phase of each (complex) element of the chi((3)) tensor that determines degenerate four-wave mixing in a thin isotropic film on a thick substrate. me use the method to characterize the chi((3)) tensor of a 10-mu m C-60 film (on a CaF2 substrate) for 110-fs pulses at 768 nm. Using a fused-quartz plate as the nonlinear standard, we find the two independent Maker-Terhune elements of chi((3)) to have magnitudes \c(1221)(-omega, omega, omega, -omega)\ = (0.44 +/- 0.03) X 10(-12) esu and \c(1122)(-omega, omega, omega, -omega)\ = (0.50 +/- 0.03) X 10(-12) esu and phase angles phi(1221) and phi(1122), whose magnitudes are 145 degrees +/- 17 degrees and 139 degrees +/- 10 degrees. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 UNIV SO CALIF,DEPT ELECT ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Strohkendl, FP (reprint author), UNIV SO CALIF,DEPT CHEM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089, USA. NR 14 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 14 IS 1 BP 92 EP 98 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.14.000092 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA WC274 UT WOS:A1997WC27400011 ER PT J AU Miller, JB AF Miller, JB TI The phases of polymers as determined by NMR SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Proceedings of the 11th International Congress on Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry CY AUG 12, 1996 CL N AMER THERMAL ANAL SOC, PHILADELPHIA, PA HO N AMER THERMAL ANAL SOC DE dynamics; morphology; semicrystalline polymers ID SOLID-STATE NMR; POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE) FIBERS; C-13 NMR; RESOLUTION; MELT AB Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been used to study the morphology and dynamics in semicrystalline polymers. Dynamics may be observed through NMR relaxation rates that are sensitive to motions in the 1-10(8) Hz range, or through modulation of anisotropic magnetic interactions, such as the chemical shift and dipole-dipole interactions. Morphological structure may be inferred through NMR measurements of polymer dynamics or investigated directly through studies of the magnetic interactions. Here, we discuss the study of morphological structure in semicrystalline polymers using NMR, and review results on poly(ethylene terephthalate) that address the question of the number of phases in this semicrystalline polymer. RP Miller, JB (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6120,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0368-4466 J9 J THERM ANAL JI J. Therm. Anal. PY 1997 VL 49 IS 1 BP 521 EP 524 DI 10.1007/BF01987479 PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA XD480 UT WOS:A1997XD48000065 ER PT J AU Williams, RJ AF Williams, RJ TI Red cell thermodynamics - A materials perspective SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Avrami exponent; erythrocyte; hemolysis; osmotic lysis; osmotic stress; red cells; spectrin ID ERYTHROCYTE-MEMBRANE; SPECTRIN; PROTEINS AB A cohort of human red cells of the same age persists in the circulation for about 110 days without access to repair but disappears over the next 10 days. Hyperosmotic stress accelerates the process exponentially. The kinetics are Avrami in all cases we have examined, with n = 2. We have previously modelled this as a stress failure in a viscoelastic cytoskeleton, but because of the two dimensional long range order in the cytoskeleton, the data can also be interpreted as a state change in a crystalline material. RP Williams, RJ (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,TRANSPLANTAT & CRYOBIOL RES PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0368-4466 J9 J THERM ANAL JI J. Therm. Anal. PY 1997 VL 49 IS 2 BP 801 EP 808 DI 10.1007/BF01996763 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA XJ183 UT WOS:A1997XJ18300025 ER PT J AU Hey, JM Mehl, PM MacFarlane, DR AF Hey, JM Mehl, PM MacFarlane, DR TI A combined differential scanning calorimeter optical video microscope for crystallization studies SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE cryo-microscopy; crystallization; DSC; ICE; microscopy ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; CRYOMICROSCOPY; NUCLEATION AB A simultaneous differential scanning calorimeter (DSC)-optical video microscope instrument has been developed. The instrument development included slight modifications to the sample head of a Perkin-Elmer DSC-7, along with the use of a CCD camera and magnifying lenses. The instrument permitted simultaneous following of optical and thermal events during isothermal and non-isothermal DSC experiments. The DSC curves were almost identical to those given by a standard DSC-7. The operational temperature range of the instrument is between -160 to 600 degrees C. The capabilities of the DSC-video microscope are illustrated by examples of ice crystallization data in aqueous solutions of glycerol and dimethyl sulphoxide. C1 MONASH UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CLAYTON,VIC 3168,AUSTRALIA. RP Hey, JM (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,MED CTR,TRANSFUS & CRYOPRESERVAT PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. RI MacFarlane, Douglas/A-9642-2008 OI MacFarlane, Douglas/0000-0001-5963-9659 NR 8 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0368-4466 J9 J THERM ANAL JI J. Therm. Anal. PY 1997 VL 49 IS 2 BP 991 EP 998 DI 10.1007/BF01996785 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA XJ183 UT WOS:A1997XJ18300047 ER PT J AU Tompa, AS Boswell, RF Skahan, P Gotzmer, C AF Tompa, AS Boswell, RF Skahan, P Gotzmer, C TI Low/high temperature relationships in dinitramide salts by DEA/DSC and study of oxidation of aluminum powders by DSC/TG SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE basicity; dinitramides; kinetics; oxidation; tan delta; transition temperatures AB The dinitramide salts of ammonia (ADN), hexamethylenetetramine (HDN), potassium (KDN), and sodium (NaDN) showed a linear relationship between the DSC rate of decomposition at the peak maximum and the DEA tan delta value at the low temperature transition peak. As the cation basicity increased in the series ADN< HDN < KDN less than or equal to NaDN, there was an increase in the tow temperature transition peak, the energy barrier for relaxation, and the decomposition peak temperature, and a decrease in the tans value at the low temperature transition peak, specific heat capacity, and the rate and enthalpy of decomposition. The more basic salts were more thermally stable (i.e., higher decomposition temperature) and less energetic (i.e., lower enthalpy of decomposition). The more internal free volume (disorder) present in these salts, the higher the rates of relaxation and decomposition. Five aluminum powders of different surface areas were analyzed by DSC in platinum sample pans, and it was found that the enthalpy and rate of oxidation increased as the particle size of Al decreased while the enthalpy of the Al melt decreased. TG showed a two-step weight gain in the oxidation of Al with plateaus in the 650 and 1130 degrees C regions and the percent weight gain increased as the particle size of Al decreased. Variable DSC and TG heating rate studies showed that the activation energies for the first step in the oxidation process increased as the particle size of Al increased. RP Tompa, AS (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,INDIAN HEAD DIV,101 STRAUSS AVE,INDIAN HEAD,MD 20640, USA. NR 9 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0368-4466 J9 J THERM ANAL JI J. Therm. Anal. PY 1997 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1161 EP 1170 DI 10.1007/BF01983671 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA XL950 UT WOS:A1997XL95000004 ER PT J AU Lee, I Reed, RR Brady, VL Finnegan, SA AF Lee, I Reed, RR Brady, VL Finnegan, SA TI Energy release in the reaction of metal powders with fluorine containing polymers SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE metal/halogen compounds; pyrotechnics AB Fluorine and its derivatives have been used as a substitute to oxygen-containing oxidizers in higher performing propellants and other energetic materials. They typically react rapidly with metals or thin oxide layers of the metals to produce metal fluorides, generally in the gaseous state. Thermal reactions of stoichiometric mixtures of metal (M=Al, Ti) -F containing polymers have been studied using thermal analyzers and their energetics are compared with the metals in other halogen element containing oxidizers. The experimental results indicated that thermal reaction becomes more exothermic as the bond strength between AI-X (X=F, Br, I) becomes stronger. It was also found that oxidation of metal powders is largely affected by the size of metal powders as well as the nature of existing oxide layer. RP Lee, I (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAP DIV,RES & TECHNOL DIV,474330D,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0368-4466 J9 J THERM ANAL JI J. Therm. Anal. PY 1997 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1699 EP 1705 DI 10.1007/BF01983730 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA XL950 UT WOS:A1997XL95000063 ER PT J AU Mehrkam, PA Cochran, R AF Mehrkam, PA Cochran, R TI Evaluation of materials for composite repair applications SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB There are many adhesives and resins available for repair of composite aircraft structures. The selection of repair materials is based on several requirements, including the type of structure being repaired, structural loads, thermal stability, and process limitations of the material and structure. The Navy's requirement for performing repair actions at remote locations has placed a number of additional constraints on materials being developed for repair applications. Specifically, Navy field repair requirements impose the need for materials that are storable at ambient temperatures, processable with vacuum bag/heat blanket repair equipment, similar in mechanical properties to production materials, and compatible with field-level maintenance personnel capabilities and training. Developmental efforts at the Naval Air Warfare Center supporting naval aircraft in the fleet led to the evaluation of several materials for repair of complex shaped graphite/epoxy structures. The repair applications include structural bonding, wet lay-up patches, honeycomb core splicing, back side sealing, and filling small scratches. A series of materials supplied by Magnolia Plastics, including Magnobond 6362, 6367, 6371, 6391, 6392, 6396 and 6398, was tested to determine compatibility with repair procedures, mechanical strength, and thermal stability in an 82 degrees C (180 degrees F) hot-wet environment. Results of the evaluation and potential applications for the materials are presented. RP Mehrkam, PA (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,DIV AIRCRAFT,WARMINSTER,PA 18974, USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU TECHNOMIC PUBL CO INC PI LANCASTER PA 851 NEW HOLLAND AVE, BOX 3535, LANCASTER, PA 17604 SN 0892-7057 J9 J THERMOPLAST COMPOS JI J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 10 IS 1 BP 51 EP 60 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA WJ811 UT WOS:A1997WJ81100005 ER PT J AU Xu, L Sun, LY Rollwagen, FM Li, YY Pacheco, ND Pikoulis, E Leppaniemi, A Soltero, R Burris, D Malcolm, D Nielsen, TB AF Xu, L Sun, LY Rollwagen, FM Li, YY Pacheco, ND Pikoulis, E Leppaniemi, A Soltero, R Burris, D Malcolm, D Nielsen, TB TI Cellular responses to surgical trauma, hemorrhage, and resuscitation with diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin in rats SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE hemorrhagic shock; wound healing; bacterial translocation; 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine; interleukin-6; cell proliferation; wound management; trauma ID FOCAL CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; BACTERIAL TRANSLOCATION; NITRIC-OXIDE; LYMPHOCYTE-PROLIFERATION; BRAIN INJURY; INTERLEUKIN-6; HEMODILUTION; ALPHA; BLOOD AB Background: Resuscitation with acellular oxygen carrier solutions offers the potential advantage of improved oxygen delivery compared with crystalloid solutions, but the detailed consequences of improved resuscitation have not been fully evaluated, This study evaluated local and systemic cellular effects of trauma, hemorrhage, and resuscitation in a model of hemorrhage and surgical trauma. Methods: Rats with a 10 cm full-thickness incisional wound and a 15 mL/kg hemorrhage were either not resuscitated or resuscitated with blood or diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin (DCLHb), Cellular proliferative responses were evaluated at 1.5, 6, 24, and 48 hours after wounding by labelling in vivo with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine. Plasma levels of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha; and interferon-gamma were measured by bioassay or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Bacterial translocation was measured by culturing liver homogenates. Results: Trauma inhibited keratinocyte and hepatocyte proliferation at 1.5 and 6 hours, and stimulated subsequent proliferation of keratinocytes and liver nonparenchymal cells, DCLHb stimulated wound keratinocyte proliferation, attenuated the inhibition of hepatocyte proliferation, eliminated bacterial translocation to the liver, protected the intestine from ischemic damage, and induced a rapid increase of interleukin-6 during the early phase of injury. Conclusions: Surgical trauma alone, or in combination with hemorrhage, modulated cell proliferation both in the wound and in the remote organs of intestine and liver, DCLHb enhanced wound healing and cell proliferation as well as, or better than, freshly drawn blood, which may be beneficial for trauma care. C1 USN,MED RES INST,RESUSCITAT MED PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT SURG,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 57 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JAN PY 1997 VL 42 IS 1 BP 32 EP 41 DI 10.1097/00005373-199701000-00007 PG 10 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA WD269 UT WOS:A1997WD26900007 PM 9003255 ER PT J AU Pehrsson, PE Thoms, BD AF Pehrsson, PE Thoms, BD TI Surface oxidation chemistry of beta-SiC SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-LOSS-SPECTROSCOPY; CRYSTAL SILICON-CARBIDE; BETA-SIC(001) SURFACE; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; INITIAL-STAGES; ADSORPTION; SI(111); SCATTERING; SI(100); GROWTH AB Well-ordered, Si- and C-terminated beta-SiC (100) surfaces were oxidized at low oxygen pressure and high temperature to elucidate the mechanism of oxidation. The samples were studied by high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS), Auger electron and electron loss spectroscopies, and low energy electron diffraction. Si-terminated surfaces exposed at T (sub)=1050 degrees C to either O-2 or hot filament-activated oxygen (O+O-2*) and then cooled without oxygen were C-terminated and exhibited similar oxidation rates, surface composition, and HREELS spectra. The change from Si- to C-termination slightly shifted the surface optical phonon. Activated oxygen played no discernible role in the removal of the Si overlayer at this temperature. Samples oxidized under similar conditions but cooled under oxygen were Si-terminated, indicating that the surface lost carbon as CO and CO2 during cooldown. The conversion from Si- to C-termination during oxidation did not occur because of self-limiting etching of a Si monolayer, but rather because the oxidation products of silicon volatilized more rapidly than those of carbon. Oxidation at room temperature resulted in formation of a Si oxide layer. (C) 1997 American Vacuum Society. RP Pehrsson, PE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 15 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1116/1.580466 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA WD690 UT WOS:A1997WD69000001 ER PT J AU Centeno, JA Mullick, FG Jorgenson, DS Ramos, M Panos, R Johnson, FB AF Centeno, JA Mullick, FG Jorgenson, DS Ramos, M Panos, R Johnson, FB TI Microprobe analysis of pathological inclusions in fibrous capsules associated with silicone breast implants. SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,PLAST SURG SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 76 IS 1 BP 1062 EP 1062 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA WD486 UT WOS:A1997WD48601077 ER PT B AU Soltan, P Lasher, M Dahlke, W Acantilado, N McDonald, M AF Soltan, P Lasher, M Dahlke, W Acantilado, N McDonald, M BE Veiko, VP TI Laser projected 3-D volumetric displays SO LASER APPLICATIONS ENGINEERING (LAE-96) SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Laser Applications Engineering (LAE-96) CY JUL 03-05, 1996 CL ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA SP Fed Tech Univ, Inst Fine Mech & Opt, St Petersburg, S I Vavilov State Opt Inst, St. Petersburg, State Tech Univ, St Petersburg, Russian Acad Sci, Gen Phys Inst, Moscow, Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Russia Chapter, State Comm Higher Educ Russian Federat, Minist Sci & Tech Policy Russian Federat, Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Laser Assoc, St Petersburg Assoc Scientists & Scholars, D S Rozhdestvensky Opt Soc DE three-dimensional displays; volumetric displays; laser projection displays; laser scanning AB A three dimensional volumetric display system utilizing a rotating helical surface is described. The rotating helix system permits images to be displayed in a three-dimensional format that can be observed without the use of special glasses. its rotating helical screen sweeps out a cylindrical envelope, providing a volumetric display medium through which scanned laser pulses are projected. The light scatters from the surface of the helix so that each voxel appears to emanate from specific points in space. Each point has x-y-coordinates determined by the laser scanner and a z-coordinate determined by the intersection of the laser beam and the helix surface. Display images are created by synchronizing the interaction of the laser pulses and the moving screen to address a full three-dimensional volume that gives the viewer true depth cues (binocular parallax, accommodation, convergence) without the need for any special viewing aids. We describe recent work on the development of mechanical, optical, electronic, and software engineering for a display system based on a 36-inch diameter helix using high speed, multichannel, random access laser scanners. Color images are created using red, green and blue laser sources. The system is capable of displaying 500,000 voxels per second, per color. A portable, 12-inch diameter, translucent helix system is also presented. RP Soltan, P (reprint author), USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT&E DIV,53490 DOW ST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2506-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3091 BP 96 EP 109 DI 10.1117/12.271781 PG 14 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BH57A UT WOS:A1997BH57A00015 ER PT B AU Daly, GM Chrisey, DB Pond, JM Osofsky, M Miller, M Lubitz, P Horwitz, JS Auyeung, RCY Soulen, RJ AF Daly, GM Chrisey, DB Pond, JM Osofsky, M Miller, M Lubitz, P Horwitz, JS Auyeung, RCY Soulen, RJ BE Dubowski, JJ TI Pulsed laser deposition of high temperature superconducting and metallic thin films for novel three terminal device applications SO LASER APPLICATIONS IN MICROELECTRONIC AND OPTOELECTRONIC MANUFACTURING II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Applications in Microelectronic and Optoelectronic Manufacturing II CY FEB 10-12, 1997 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE pulsed laser deposition; high temperature superconductors; spin-injection; YBCO AB Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) has been used to deposit high quality thin films of Ni81Fe19/Au/ YBa2Cu3O7-5 onto (100) oriented substrates of MgO and SrTiO3 for the purpose of fabricating a novel high temperature superconducting three terminal device. The ferromagnet-normal metal-superconductor (F-N-S) structure is currently being investigated to determine the effect of the injection of a spin-polarized current on the order parameter of a high temperature superconducting thin film. High quality films with sharp interfaces, free of defects, are required in order to maximize the spin-injection effect. The surface morphology and transport properties of the YBa2Cu3O7-5 films have been investigated using scanning electron microscopy and ac susceptibility measurements, respectively, as a function of increasing laser fluence. Deposition at 2.0-2.4 J/cm(2), 790 degrees C and 320 m Torr O-2 produces films with a sharp superconducting transition and a smooth surface. The growth of Au on YBCO under different PLD conditions has been observed by atomic force microscopy. Surface clustering of Au occurs at elevated temperatures and is attributed to increased surface mobility. The presence or absence of a background gas influences the cluster size. These results are discussed within the framework of the role of excess energy of PLD adatoms with changing laser fluence and background gas. RP Daly, GM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2402-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2991 BP 226 EP 237 DI 10.1117/12.273730 PG 12 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics GA BH84C UT WOS:A1997BH84C00025 ER PT B AU Horwitz, JS Chrisey, DB Carter, AC Chang, W Knauss, LA Pond, JM Kirchoefer, SW Korn, D Qadri, SB AF Horwitz, JS Chrisey, DB Carter, AC Chang, W Knauss, LA Pond, JM Kirchoefer, SW Korn, D Qadri, SB BE Dubowski, JJ TI Pulsed laser deposition of ferroelectric thin films for active microwave electronic devices SO LASER APPLICATIONS IN MICROELECTRONIC AND OPTOELECTRONIC MANUFACTURING II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Applications in Microelectronic and Optoelectronic Manufacturing II CY FEB 10-12, 1997 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE ferroelectric thin films; pulsed laser deposition; microwave devices; loss tangent AB High quality thin films of SrxBa(1-x)TiO3 are currently being grown using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). These films are being used for the construction of frequency tunable microwave electronic devices. In particular, a low phase noise, voltage controlled oscillator (1.5 - 2.5 GHz) is currently being developed. Single phase and oriented SrxBa(1-x)TiO3 films have been deposited by PLD onto (100) LaAlO3 and MgO and single crystal Ag films. The dielectric properties of these films has been measured at 1 MHz and between 1 and 20 GHz. A 75% change in the capacitance can be achieved using a 40 V bias across a 5 mu m interdigital capacitor gap (80 kV/cm). The dissipation factor (measured at 1 MHz) depends on film composition and temperature. Dielectric loss measurement at 1 - 20 GHz have shown a dielectric loss tangent as small as 1.25 x 10(-2). RP Horwitz, JS (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2402-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2991 BP 238 EP 246 DI 10.1117/12.273731 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics GA BH84C UT WOS:A1997BH84C00026 ER PT J AU Campbell, ML AF Campbell, ML TI Kinetic study of the reaction of Rh(a(4)F(9/2)) with N2O, O-2 and NO SO LASER CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE rhodium; kinetics; gas-phase; N2O; O-2; NO ID TRANSITION-METAL ATOMS; EXOTHERMIC HOMOLOGOUS REACTIONS; GAS-PHASE; ACTIVATION BARRIERS; DEPLETION KINETICS; OXIDATION REACTIONS; RHODIUM CATALYSTS; CHROMIUM ATOMS; TEMPERATURE; SERIES AB The gas phase reactivity of Rh(a(4)F(9/2)) with N2O, O-2 and NO is reported. Removal rate constants for the excited stares of rhodium below 13,000 cm(-1) are also reported. The reaction rate of Rh(a(4)F(9/2)) with N2O is relatively temperature insensitive. The rate constants for the bimolecular reaction are described in Arrhenius form by (1.3 +/- 0.3) x 10(-12) exp (-1.3 +/- 0.8 kJ/mol/RT) cm(3) s(-1). The reaction rates of the a(4)F(9/2) stale with O-2 and NO are pressure dependent. For O-2, the limiting low pressure third-order, k(0), and limiting high-pressure second-order, k(infinity), room temperature rate constants in argon buffer are (6.6 +/- 0.6) x 10(-30) cm(6) s(-1) and (2.1 +/- 0.2) x 10(-11) cm(3) s(-1), respectively. For NO, k(0) and k(infinity) are (1.3 +/- 0.2) x 10(-30) cm(6) s(-1) and (1.2 +/- 0.4) x 10(-11) cm(3) s(-1), respectively. The removal rates of the excited states are faster than the ground state by a factor of 2 or more. C1 USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Campbell, ML (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0278-6273 J9 LASER CHEM JI Laser Chem. PY 1997 VL 17 IS 4 BP 219 EP 237 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 119GA UT WOS:000075886600005 ER PT B AU Whitesel, HK Overby, JK Sarkady, AA Jacobson, CP AF Whitesel, HK Overby, JK Sarkady, AA Jacobson, CP BE Linden, KJ TI Code division multiplexing of fiber optic sensors with LED sources SO LASER DIODE AND LED APPLICATIONS III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Diode and LED Applications III CY FEB 10-11, 1997 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy DE sensors; optical fiber sensors; fiber optic sensors; multiplexing; fiber optic sensor multiplexing; code division multiplexing; time division multiplexing AB Code division multiplexing can be used to increase the number of sensors operated on one light emitting diode (LED) and thereby reduce the unit sensor cost of the complete sensor system. We have successfully designed a system to multiplex 32 sensors on one LED with output power of approximately 0.4mW, at 850nm wavelength. The LED is modulated with a pseudorandom pulse sequence and distributed through a 2 X 32 coupler to 32 reflective sensors. Sensor response is measured by computing the cross correlation of the transmitted code and the sensor reflection. The response is separated in time by varying the length of the sensor fiber. Sensor noise is reduced by averaging and cross correlation of the sensor response with the transmitted code sequence. All processing is done by microcomputer and a digital oscilloscope. The system was demonstrated with multimode fiber connected to 2 Fabry-Perot sensors and 1 amplitude sensor. Noise values on each sensor imply that more than 32 sensors can be monitored with code division multiplexing technology. RP Whitesel, HK (reprint author), NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CTR,CARDEROCK DIV,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2411-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3000 BP 9 EP 16 DI 10.1117/12.263488 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BH07E UT WOS:A1997BH07E00002 ER PT B AU Mastro, S AF Mastro, S BE Linden, KJ TI Fabry-Perot, Bragg grating, and optical MEMS sensors for naval shipboard use SO LASER DIODE AND LED APPLICATIONS III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Diode and LED Applications III CY FEB 10-11, 1997 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy DE fiber optic sensors; Bragg grating; Fabry-Perot; MEMS; embedded sensors AB In an effort to support the advancement of US Navy initiatives in improved machinery diagnostics and control, improved information collection for damage control systems, and greater integration of shipboard sensor information the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division (NSWCCD) is engaged in an ongoing project to evaluate and develop advanced optical sensors. Initial efforts focused on examining the possibility of replacing some mature conventional sensors with their optical counterparts. Currently, NSWCCD is focusing on specific niche applications where measurements can not be made by conventional means, or where optical sensors provide a significant performance advantage. Focus areas of innovative fiber optic sensors have included EMI immunity, measurement of absolute strain, smart structure development, and linking advanced sensors to optical communications networks. Sensor technologies being investigated include Fabry-Perot type interferometers, grating type fiber optic sensors, and optically operated MEMS sensors. Commercial, off-the-shelf (COTS) sensors which utilize the preceding technologies are being tested and evaluated in Navy laboratories. In addition, research initiatives are underway to develop new sensors as well as methods for interfacing these sensors with current and future controls, communication, and monitoring equipment. RP Mastro, S (reprint author), NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CTR,CARDEROCK DIV,CODE 9532,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19112, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2411-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3000 BP 60 EP 70 DI 10.1117/12.263496 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BH07E UT WOS:A1997BH07E00008 ER PT B AU Busse, LE Moon, JA Sanghera, JS Aggarwal, ID AF Busse, LE Moon, JA Sanghera, JS Aggarwal, ID BE Bennett, HE Guenther, AH Kozlowski, MR Newnam, BE Soileau, MJ TI Mid-IR high power transmission through chalcogenide fibers: Current results and future challenges SO LASER-INDUCED DAMAGE IN OPTICAL MATERIALS: 1996 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 28th Annual Boulder Damage Symposium on Laser-Induced Damage in Optical Materials - 1996 CY OCT 07-09, 1996 CL BOULDER, CO SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Labs, Bennett Opt Res, Univ Cent Florida, Ctr Res & Educ Opt & Lasers, Los Alamos Natl Lab, NIST, Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE IR laser power delivery; chalcogenide optical fibers; optical damage AB We present current results and discuss future potential for laser power transmission through chalcogenide fibers in the 2 - 11 mu m wavelength region. Results include both high average power and high peak power laser transmission. Multiple pulse laser induced damage thresholds are presented for polished glass surfaces, bulk glass and fiber endfaces. Important issues for optimum power delivery are discussed, including antireflection coatings on fiber endfaces and a method for smoothing the fiber output spatial distribution. RP Busse, LE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5603,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2370-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2966 BP 553 EP 563 DI 10.1117/12.274278 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA BH93D UT WOS:A1997BH93D00070 ER PT S AU Esarey, E Hubbard, RF Ting, A Sprangle, P Leemans, WP AF Esarey, E Hubbard, RF Ting, A Sprangle, P Leemans, WP BE Miley, GH Campbell, EM TI Electron injection and acceleration by colliding laser pulses in plasmas SO LASER INTERACTION AND RELATED PLASMA PHENOMENA - 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Laser Interaction and Related Plasma Phenomena (LIRPP 97) CY APR 13-18, 1996 CL NAVAL POSTGRAD SCH, MONTEREY, CA SP Univ Illinois, Fus Studies Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, US DOE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Soc, Amer Nucl Soc, Fus Energy Div, Naval Postgrad Sch, Fus Power Associates HO NAVAL POSTGRAD SCH AB An injector and accelerator is analyzed that uses three collinear laser pulses in a plasma: an intense pump pulse, which generates a large wakefield (greater than or equal to 15 GV/m), and two counterpropagating injection pulses. When the injection pulses collide, a slow phase velocity ponderomotive wave is generated that injects electrons into the fast wakefield for acceleration. For injection pulse intensities of 5 x 10(16) W/cm(2) and wake field amplitudes of delta n/n similar or equal to 0.6, the production of ultrashort (less than or equal to 20 fs) relativistic electron bunches with energy spreads less than or equal to 20% and densities greater than or equal to 10(17) cm(-3) appears possible. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Beam Phys Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Esarey, E (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Beam Phys Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-696-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1997 IS 406 BP 485 EP 494 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Optics; Physics GA BK14M UT WOS:000071320600057 ER PT B AU Steele, RJ Fuerschbach, PW AF Steele, RJ Fuerschbach, PW BE Fabbro, R Kar, A Matsunawa, A TI Spot size and effective focal length measurements for a fast axial flow CO2 laser SO LASER MATERIALS PROCESSING CONFERENCE, PTS 1 & 2: ICALEO '97 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Laser Materials Processing Conference CY NOV 17-20, 1997 CL CATAMARAN RESORT HOTEL, SAN DIEGO, CA HO CATAMARAN RESORT HOTEL AB An evaluation of the variation in focal plane position and spot size for a 1650 W fast axial flow CO2 laser was performed. Multiple measurements of the focused beam were taken at stepped intervals along the beam axis to create a composite representation of the focus region. Measurements were made at several power levels from low to full power for each of five nominally identical ZnSe (f= 127 mm) lenses. It was found that as laser output power increases, the minimum focused spot radius increases, and the position of minimum focus shifts toward the laser resonator. These effects were attributed to observed variations in the diameter of the beam entering the focusing lens. For the assumed identical lenses examined, variations in spot radius and focal plane position were seen. Lenses with high rated absorption had a larger variation in spot size and effective focal length than those with low absorption. Lenses that had previously been degraded by welding spatter had the greatest variation. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Steele, RJ (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LASER INST AMERICA PI ORLANDO PA 12424 RESEARCH PKWY, STE 130, ORLANDO, FL 32826 USA BN 0-912035-56-0 PY 1997 BP A167 EP A176 PG 10 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics GA BK84A UT WOS:000073607300019 ER PT B AU Metzbower, EA AF Metzbower, EA BE Fabbro, R Kar, A Matsunawa, A TI Absorption in the keyhole SO LASER MATERIALS PROCESSING CONFERENCE, PTS 1 & 2: ICALEO '97 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Laser Materials Processing Conference CY NOV 17-20, 1997 CL CATAMARAN RESORT HOTEL, SAN DIEGO, CA HO CATAMARAN RESORT HOTEL AB The absorption of the laser energy in the keyhole is a function of the laser frequency (or wavelength), the chemistry of the material being welded and the temperature of the vapor. The absorption greatly affects the shape of the fusion zone as well as the integrity and efficiency of the laser welding process. In this paper absorption is assumed to be by an inverse Bremsstralung process, i.e. the photons are absorbed by the electrons in the vapor. The inverse absorption is a function of the density of states of the alloying elements and the frequency of the laser radiation. This coefficient is calculated for both CO2 and Nd:YAG laser radiation for both iron and aluminum. The appropriate equations for the calculations are stated and the results for iron and aluminum are depicted. The difference in the Bremsstrahlung absorption between CO2 and Nd:YAG laser radiation is illustrated in a series of graphs. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Metzbower, EA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6320, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LASER INST AMERICA PI ORLANDO PA 12424 RESEARCH PKWY, STE 130, ORLANDO, FL 32826 USA BN 0-912035-56-0 PY 1997 BP G16 EP G25 PG 10 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics GA BK84A UT WOS:000073607300111 ER PT B AU Ricks, DW Willhite, HW AF Ricks, DW Willhite, HW BE Kamerman, GW TI Hand-held imaging laser radar SO LASER RADAR TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Technology and Applications II CY APR 23-25, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE laser radar; imaging; scannerless; binary-optic; tactical intelligence AB We investigated laser radar technology for tactical intelligence; that is, we wanted to build a camcorder-sized device for information on terrain, and for reconnaissance and surveillance of various targets. Our performance requirements were: field of view 15 mrad by 150 mrad, image resolution 0.15 mrad, range 1 km, range depth resolution 15 cm, and acquisition time one third of a second. We designed imaging devices using two of the most promising technologies that we found. The first imager uses a digital CCD camera with a modulated image intensifier. The laser is a Q-switched, flashlamp-pumped, Nd:YAG laser. There is no scanner in this system. The range is obtained by a technology similar to classical continuous phase detection. The second imager uses a diode-pumped solid stare laser, and fiber optics to relay the image to thirty-two avalanche photodiodes. The laser beam is split into thirty-two beams and a binary optics scanner is used for scanning between beams. The range is obtained with time-of-flight electronics. Both imaging system designs meet the basic requirements, and could also be used in automatic target recognition, aimpoint selection, target tracking, obstacle avoidance, and other imaging laser radar applications. RP Ricks, DW (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,CODE 452240D,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2480-3 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3065 BP 30 EP 41 DI 10.1117/12.281033 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BJ51D UT WOS:A1997BJ51D00004 ER PT B AU Gilbreath, GC Davis, MA Rolsma, P Meehan, T Eichinger, R Anderson, JM AF Gilbreath, GC Davis, MA Rolsma, P Meehan, T Eichinger, R Anderson, JM BE Kamerman, GW TI NRL@SOR: Satellite laser ranging with robust links SO LASER RADAR TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Technology and Applications II CY APR 23-25, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE calibration; precision orbit determination; GPS laser radar; satellite laser ranging; TiPS; tethers in space AB This paper describes the Satellite Laser Ranging system which was integrated and operated by the Naval Research Laboratory at the USAF Phillips Laboratory's Starfire Optical Range. A 300 mJ, 250 ps, 10 Hz doubled Nd:YAG laser system has been integrated on the 3.5 meter telescope at that facility. It operated in a campaign driven mode from March, 1995, to March, 1997. During that time, NRL@SOR has provided support to the Geoscience community for spacecraft as low as GFZ (400 km) and as high as GPS (20,000 km); been key in an international SLR campaign to improve the orbits of the GPS NAVSTAR satellites which have retroreflectors; supported the Tether Physics Experiment in Space and obtained the first laser radar returns from that target; externally calibrated for the first time the NAVSPACMD ''fence'' receivers; and obtained data on ''unenhanced'' targets at LEO. RP Gilbreath, GC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2480-3 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3065 BP 116 EP 130 DI 10.1117/12.281034 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BJ51D UT WOS:A1997BJ51D00012 ER PT S AU Butler, JE Vestyck, DJ Gilmore, A Steeds, JW AF Butler, JE Vestyck, DJ Gilmore, A Steeds, JW BE Konov, VI Ralchenko, VG TI CVD diamond TEM sample preparation by laser machining SO LASERS IN SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND PROCESSING OF DIAMOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers in Synthesis, Characterization, and Processing of Diamond CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL TASHKENT, UZBEKISTAN SP Gen Phys Inst, Russian Acad Sci ID THIN-FILMS; MORPHOLOGY AB The defect structure of diamond films grown by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in studied by using laser machining to slice thin sections from free standing films ca. 200 microns thick. This technique has enabled the examination of the defects at the nucleation and growth surface of optically clear CVD diamond films. A cw Q-switched Nd+3/YAG laser was used to slice 1 to 15 micron thick wedges, ca. 3mm in length from 150 to 220 micron thick diamond films. The edges of the as cut wedges were thin enough for examination by transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Subsequent ion milling was used to thin the edges further. Remarkably low defect densities are observed at the growth surface after 150 microns of growth. C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Butler, JE (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 6174, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008 OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-2942-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3484 BP 129 EP 132 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA BM50F UT WOS:000078905700016 ER PT B AU Johnstone, GS Williams, GD AF Johnstone, GS Williams, GD GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Reliable multicast under error conditions SO LCN'97 - 22ND ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON LOCAL COMPUTER NETWORKS, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN 97) CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP IEEE Comp Soc, Tech Comm Comp Commun AB Reliable multicast protocols provide means to deliver data from one sender to many receivers with assurance. Reliable multicast is better suited than unicast for bandwidth restricted, high error rate, hostile communications environments found in the military's tactical arena. General purpose protocols ensure adaptability to the military's variety of communications suites. Acceptable multicast protocols must support varying assurance levels, from unreliable delivery to full reliability. This paper documents experimental results gathered on one implementation of the Xpress Transport Protocol, a transport protocol that provides reliable multicast as well as unicast service. The experiments observe unicast and multicast transmissions with varying numbers of induced errors. Performance measurements examine various challenges present in a communications medium subject to hostile conditions. The results demonstrate that use of reliable multicast in a tactical environment is possible. Suggestions are made for modification of the error recovery algorithm, making the protocol more responsive in a local environment. RP Johnstone, GS (reprint author), USN,COMP & TELECOMMUN STN,JACKSONVILLE,FL, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 BN 0-8186-8142-X PY 1997 BP 379 EP 386 DI 10.1109/LCN.1997.631007 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BJ89W UT WOS:A1997BJ89W00041 ER PT J AU Roush, PE AF Roush, PE TI Leadership without easy answers - Heifetz,R SO LEADERSHIP QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review RP Roush, PE (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT LEADERSHIP ETH & LAW,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JAI PRESS INC PI GREENWICH PA 55 OLD POST RD-#2, PO BOX 1678, GREENWICH, CT 06836-1678 SN 1048-9843 J9 LEADERSHIP QUART JI Leadersh. Q. PY 1997 VL 8 IS 1 BP 85 EP 88 DI 10.1016/S1048-9843(97)90032-1 PG 4 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA WJ566 UT WOS:A1997WJ56600005 ER PT B AU Crandall, KA Taylor, SB Kakarla, UK Naciri, J Shashidhar, R Geer, RE AF Crandall, KA Taylor, SB Kakarla, UK Naciri, J Shashidhar, R Geer, RE BE Shashidhar, R TI Development of liquid-crystalline materials for IR sensing SO LIQUID CRYSTAL MATERIALS, DEVICES, AND APPLICATIONS V SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Liquid Crystal Materials, Devices, and Applications V CY FEB 12-13, 1997 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE pyroelectricity; liquid crystals; IR sensors; focal plane arrays AB The pyroelectric properties of three chiral smectic liquid crystalline materials have been investigated. The magnitude of the pyroelectric coefficient for in two of these compounds is very high exceeding 200 nC/cm2K. A mixture containing one of these compounds exhibits a high pyroelectric coefficient over a temperature range that is attractive for thermal (or IR) sensing applications. The relevant figure of merit of these materials as elements for IR sensors is discussed in comparison to those that are currently used in sensing devices. RP Crandall, KA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,CODE 6950,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2426-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3015 BP 105 EP 111 DI 10.1117/12.271385 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA BH70J UT WOS:A1997BH70J00012 ER PT B AU Huang, L OFerrall, C Vargo, T Shashidhar, R Fritz, W Smith, S Hewitt, R Doane, W AF Huang, L OFerrall, C Vargo, T Shashidhar, R Fritz, W Smith, S Hewitt, R Doane, W BE Shashidhar, R TI Conducting polymer substrates for plastic liquid crystal display SO LIQUID CRYSTAL MATERIALS, DEVICES, AND APPLICATIONS V SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Liquid Crystal Materials, Devices, and Applications V CY FEB 12-13, 1997 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE reflective display; plastic display; conducting polymer; polypyrrole; photolithography AB In a conventional liquid crystal display device (LCD), glass substrates coated with an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer are typically used for the application of an electric field to the liquid crystal material. For many applications, there is a need for a LCD with a plastic substrate. Polypyrrole is a well known conducting polymer for its high conductivity and chemical stability. Compared with the currently used ITO conducting layer, polypyrrole is more compatible mechanically with plastic, Because it is an organic material, it should be able to bend and flex with the substrate. Therefore, it is a good candidate for the conducting surface needed in a plastic LCD. Here we present the preparation of polypyrrole films on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate by an in-situ solution deposition process and their patterning by conventional photolithography techniques. We will discuss their important physical properties, such as surface resistance and optical transmission, and their suitability as a substitute for ITO as an electrode for a plastic reflective Ch-LCD. RP Huang, L (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6900,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2426-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3015 BP 150 EP 153 DI 10.1117/12.271390 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA BH70J UT WOS:A1997BH70J00017 ER PT B AU Aha, DW Wettschereck, D AF Aha, DW Wettschereck, D BE VanSomeren, M Widmer, G TI Case-based learning: Beyond classification of feature vectors SO MACHINE LEARNING : ECML-97 SE LECTURE NOTES IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th European Conference on Machine Learning CY APR 23-25, 1997 CL PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Univ Econ, Fac Informat & Stat, Czech Tech Univ, Fac Elect Engn, Charles Univ, Ctr Theoret Study, Acad Sci Prague, Ctr Theoret Study, European Network Excellence Machine Learning, Komercni Banka, as, AXIOM,sro ID DERIVATIONAL ANALOGY; NEAREST-NEIGHBOR; SYSTEMS AB The dominant theme of case-based research at recent ML conferences has been on classifying cases represented by feature vectors. However, other useful tasks can be targeted, and other representations are often preferable. We review the recent literature on case-based learning, focusing on alternative performance tasks and more expressive case representations. We also highlight topics in need of additional research. C1 USN, Res Lab, Navy Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC 20375 USA. German Natl Res Ctr Informat Technol, GMD, FIT KI, D-53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany. RP Aha, DW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Navy Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN 33 PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, W-1000 BERLIN 33, GERMANY BN 3-540-62858-4 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 1997 VL 1224 BP 329 EP 336 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BK99C UT WOS:000074016200029 ER PT S AU Conrad, TP AF Conrad, TP BE Williams, TM TI Managing complex software projects - Experiences with real-time mission-critical systems SO MANAGING AND MODELLING COMPLEX PROJECTS SE NATO ADVANCED SCIENCE INSTITUTES SERIES, SUB-SERIES 4, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Managing and Modelling Complex Projects CY NOV 13-15, 1996 CL KIEV, UKRAINE SP NATO C1 USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-6708 BN 0-7923-4844-3 J9 NATO ASI S 4 SCI TEC PY 1997 VL 17 BP 123 EP 146 PG 24 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA BK78P UT WOS:000073380100009 ER PT B AU Hattendorf, JB AF Hattendorf, JB BE Hattendorf, JB TI Untitled - Introduction SO MARITIME HISTORY, VOL 2: EIGHTEENTH CENTURY AND THE CLASSIC AGE OF SAIL SE OPEN FORUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT John Carter Brown Library Summer Institute in Early Modern Maritime History CY AUG, 1993 CL PROVIDENCE, RI SP John Carter Brown Lib, Natl Endowment Humanities C1 USN,WAR COLL,NEWPORT,RI. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KRIEGER PUBLISHING CO PI MALABAR PA KRIEGER DRIVE, MALABAR, FL 32950 BN 1-57524-007-6 J9 OPEN FORUM SER PY 1997 BP R14 EP R16 PG 3 WC History SC History GA BH20A UT WOS:A1997BH20A00001 ER PT B AU Chiang, J Murray, N AF Chiang, J Murray, N BE Arav, N Shlosman, I Weymann, RJ TI Disk winds in cataclysmic variables and AGNs SO MASS EJECTION FROM ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Mass Ejection from Active Galactic Nuclei CY FEB 19-21, 1997 CL CARNEGIE OBSERV, PASADENA, CA SP NASA HO CARNEGIE OBSERV AB Like AGNs, cataclysmic variables exhibit broad emission lines; and in high luminosity CVs, the lines are single-peaked. However, in contrast to AGNs, there is compelling evidence for outflows and disks in CVs. Hence, these systems provide useful laboratories to test the applicability of the disk wind model for the formation of broad emission lines. In particular, observations of emission line profiles from high inclination novae and nova-like variables at various phases during eclipse can determine the distribution of the line emission from a CV accretion disk. We present disk wind model calculations of eclipse line profiles, and we show how high spectral and temporal resolution observations of appropriate CVs may enable us to distinguish between various wind driving mechanisms. C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chiang, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7653, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 1-886733-48-1 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 1997 VL 128 BP 252 EP 257 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK80H UT WOS:000073445300037 ER PT S AU Flom, SR Pong, RGS Shirk, JS Bartoli, FJ Cozzens, RF Boyle, ME Snow, AW AF Flom, SR Pong, RGS Shirk, JS Bartoli, FJ Cozzens, RF Boyle, ME Snow, AW BE Sutherland, R Pachter, R Hood, P Hagan, D Lewis, K Perry, J TI Optical limiting in phthalocyanine solutions and in pure liquid phthalocyanines SO MATERIALS FOR OPTICAL LIMITING II SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Materials for Optical Limiting II, at 1997 MRS Spring Meeting CY MAR 31-APR 02, 1997 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Mat Res Soc, USAF, Wright Lab, Def Res Agcy, UK, Sci Applicat Int Corp AB Optical limiting, degenerate four-wave mixing and transient absorption experiments have been performed on a neat liquid lead substituted phthalocyanine. The photophysical mechanisms responsible for the good optical limiting observed in other phthalocyanine solutions are maintained in this pure liquid despite its different peripheral substitution pattern. The liquid is shown to have excited state absorption cross sections that exceed those of the ground state through much of the visible spectrum. Hybrid absorptive/refractive nonlinear response is demonstrated to contribute to both the four-wave mixing and optical limiting response. The mechanism and states responsible are discussed. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Flom, SR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-383-5 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1997 VL 479 BP 23 EP 28 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA BK27B UT WOS:000071653700004 ER PT S AU Pong, RGS Shirk, JS Flom, SR Snow, AW AF Pong, RGS Shirk, JS Flom, SR Snow, AW BE Sutherland, R Pachter, R Hood, P Hagan, D Lewis, K Perry, J TI Limiting mechanisms in a photoconducting liquid phthalocyanine SO MATERIALS FOR OPTICAL LIMITING II SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Materials for Optical Limiting II, at 1997 MRS Spring Meeting CY MAR 31-APR 02, 1997 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Mat Res Soc, USAF, Wright Lab, Def Res Agcy, UK, Sci Applicat Int Corp AB Photoexcitation of a new pure liquid phthalocyanine gives both a strong nonlinear absorption and photoelectrical charge generation. The novel photoelectrical properties of the material lead to plasma formation, an additional limiting mechanism, at moderate fluences. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pong, RGS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-383-5 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1997 VL 479 BP 53 EP 58 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA BK27B UT WOS:000071653700008 ER PT S AU Jones, HN AF Jones, HN BE George, EP Gotthardt, R Otsuka, K TrolierMcKinstry, S WunFogle, M TI Frequency effects on the damping capacity of superelastic nitinol SO MATERIALS FOR SMART SYSTEMS II SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Materials for Smart Systems II, at the 1996 MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 02-05, 1996 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc, USA Res Off, Furukawa Elect Co Ltd, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, PIOLAX Inc AB The evolution of the stress-strain behavior of a superelastic NiTi alloy over a range of cyclic frequencies up to 10 Hz is presented. Due to the stress-strain hysteresis typical of these alloys work is dissipated as heat during every cycle. Also, the heat release and absorption induced by the cyclic phase transformation responsible for the superelastic effect causes the material to undergo a cyclic temperature history which is superimposed on the average temperature resulting from the dissipative nature of the stress-strain cycle. As the cyclic frequency is increased the imposed strain rate is also necessarily increased. The stress-strain loops at very low frequencies are under isothermal conditions. As the cyclic rate is increased nearly adiabatic conditions are achieved at the higher frequencies. This affects the hysteretic cyclic behavior and the damping capacity of the material. RP Jones, HN (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,PHYS MET BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-363-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1997 VL 459 BP 471 EP 476 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BH71E UT WOS:A1997BH71E00066 ER PT S AU Lindberg, JF AF Lindberg, JF BE George, EP Gotthardt, R Otsuka, K TrolierMcKinstry, S WunFogle, M TI The application of high energy density transducer materials to smart systems SO MATERIALS FOR SMART SYSTEMS II SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Materials for Smart Systems II, at the 1996 MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 02-05, 1996 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc, USA Res Off, Furukawa Elect Co Ltd, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, PIOLAX Inc AB Recent NUWC research efforts in the field of high power sonar transducers designed to produce high acoustic outputs over significant bandwidths while being of minimal size and weight have been aided by advances in the continuing development of several new high energy density transducer drive materials, Both Terfenol-D, a rare earth magnetostrictive material, and lead magnesium niobate, a relaxer ferroelectric, have demonstrated a tenfold increase in field-limited energy density over a typical very hard lead zirconate titanate (i.e., Clevite PZT-8) piezoelectric ceramic. The Center's focus is to double the demonstrated performance of each material and to address such issues as hysteresis reduction in the magnetostrictive material and coupling coefficient improvements in the electrostrictive materials. Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) can also be considered a high energy density material because of its excellent energy density and its broad bandwidth possibilities. The application of these material technologies, either separately or as hybrid composites, to smart material design will be detailed. RP Lindberg, JF (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR DETACHMENT NEW LONDON,NEW LONDON,CT 06320, USA. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-363-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1997 VL 459 BP 509 EP 519 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BH71E UT WOS:A1997BH71E00072 ER PT S AU Spano, ML In, V Ditto, WL AF Spano, ML In, V Ditto, WL BE George, EP Gotthardt, R Otsuka, K TrolierMcKinstry, S WunFogle, M TI Maintaining chaos SO MATERIALS FOR SMART SYSTEMS II SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Materials for Smart Systems II, at the 1996 MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 02-05, 1996 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc, USA Res Off, Furukawa Elect Co Ltd, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, PIOLAX Inc AB The recognition of chaos as a new type of behavior for complex systems initially spurred efforts to avoid it and, later, to control it. Yet in many cases chaos may be beneficial. We present a method for maintaining chaos in physical systems and implement the method on a simple magnetomechanical system. Application to other systems is discussed briefly. RP Spano, ML (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,WHITE OAK LAB,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. OI Ditto, William/0000-0002-7416-8012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-363-0 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1997 VL 459 BP 545 EP 555 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BH71E UT WOS:A1997BH71E00075 ER PT B AU Yu, HY AF Yu, HY BE Varadan, VV Chandra, J TI A new model prescribing the extent of thermoelastic martensitic transformations SO MATHEMATICS AND CONTROL IN SMART STRUCTURES - SMART STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS 1997 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Mathematics and Control in Smart Structures - Smart Structures and Materials 1997 CY MAR 03-06, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Soc Exptl Mech Inc, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, USAF Wright Lab, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy, Amer Inst Chem Engineers, Amer Phys Soc, Div Mat Phys, Ceram Soc Japan, USA Res Lab, Intelligent Mat Forum, Japan AB A model using energy balance is proposed to describe the volume fraction of martensitic transformations. It is found that in the absence of external stress, the volume fraction of martensite 5 in the forward austenite-to-martensite transformation is proportional to the undercooling (M-s - T) and inversely proportional to a linear function of the instantaneous temperature T. Similarly, for the reverse transformation from martensite to austenite, xi is proportional to (T - A(f)) and inversely proportional to a linear function of T. The results obtained from this model are in good agreement with experimental results. RP Yu, HY (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2452-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3039 BP 25 EP 32 DI 10.1117/12.276573 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Applied; Optics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mathematics; Optics GA BJ12X UT WOS:A1997BJ12X00003 ER PT J AU Webb, TW Zhu, XH Aifantis, EC AF Webb, TW Zhu, XH Aifantis, EC TI A simple method for calculating shear band angles for pressure sensitive plastic materials SO MECHANICS RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article C1 MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT MECH MAT & INSTABILITIES,HOUGHTON,MI 49931. ARISTOTELIAN UNIV THESSALONIKI,LAB MECH,GR-54006 THESSALONIKI,GREECE. RP Webb, TW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Aifantis, Elias/F-7087-2011 OI Aifantis, Elias/0000-0002-6846-5686 NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0093-6413 J9 MECH RES COMMUN JI Mech. Res. Commun. PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 24 IS 1 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.1016/S0093-6413(96)00080-8 PG 6 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA WF848 UT WOS:A1997WF84800011 ER PT B AU Conrad, DW Davis, AV Golightley, SK Bart, JC Ligler, FS AF Conrad, DW Davis, AV Golightley, SK Bart, JC Ligler, FS BE Gourley, PL Katzir, A TI Photoactivatable silanes for the site-specific immobilization of antibodies SO MICRO- AND NANOFABRICATED ELECTRO-OPTICAL MECHANICAL SYSTEMS FOR BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS, PROCEEDINGS OF SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st SPIE Conference on Microfabricated and Nanofabricated Electro-Optical Mechanical Systems for Biomedical and Environmental Applications CY FEB 10-11, 1997 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE antibody immobilization; array; biosensor; immunochemical sensor; photoactivatable; photoimmobilization; photopatterning; silane AB The development of techniques which can be used for the discrete immobilization of multiple antibodies on solid supports has important applications in the areas of clinical diagnostics, drug discovery, and biosensor development.(1-9) While photolithography has provided many elegant methods for generating spatially-resolved reactive surface functionalities, the problem of nonspecific adsorption of proteins which occurs during sequential immobilization steps continues to hamper the development of antibody sensing arrays. This nonspecific adsorption prevents the establishment of unique and individually-addressable binding sites on the substrate surface. In as effort to solve this problem, we have synthesized and characterized a series of photoactivatable silanes which can be used for the tight-directed attachment of antibodies to solid supports. These compounds produce amine-reactive functional groups upon irradiation with UV light. The first silane derivative prepared yielded a relatively hydrophobic surface when it was used for substrate modification. The resultant surface exhibited a high degree of nonspecific protein adsorption even in the absence of light activation. We therefore decided to synthesize a more hydrophilic analog. This second derivative displayed low nonspecific protein binding even in the absence of detergents or protein blocking agents. We have used this second compound to discretely immobilize four different IgG antibodies (each directed against a different antigen) on several hydroxyl-bearing substrates. Antigen binding experiments using fluorescent and I-125-labeled antigens have confirmed that the immobilized antibodies retain their functionalities. RP Conrad, DW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,CODE 6900,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2389-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2978 BP 12 EP 21 DI 10.1117/12.269962 PG 2 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BH52D UT WOS:A1997BH52D00002 ER PT B AU Turner, D Testoff, M Gaber, B AF Turner, D Testoff, M Gaber, B BE Gourley, PL Katzir, A TI Direct enzymatic hydrolysis and patterning of a chemisorbed peptide thin film SO MICRO- AND NANOFABRICATED ELECTRO-OPTICAL MECHANICAL SYSTEMS FOR BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS, PROCEEDINGS OF SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st SPIE Conference on Microfabricated and Nanofabricated Electro-Optical Mechanical Systems for Biomedical and Environmental Applications CY FEB 10-11, 1997 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE chymotrypsin; enzyme; peptide; immobilization; silane; fluorescence; AFM; LFM AB We have demonstrated that covalently immobilized enzyme can be used to chemically modify and pattern a chemisorbed peptide film on a solid substrate. The enzyme, alpha-chymotrypsin, was covalently attached to silica and latex spherical beads by glutaraldehyde crosslinking to an amino surface functionality. The fluorescent peptide, suc-ala-ala-phe-AMC (SAAP-AMC) was immobilized to an aminosilane-modified flat silica surface by forming an amide bond to its free carboxylic acid group. SAAP-AMC surfaces were characterized using water wettability, fluorescence spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Upon attack by alpha-chymotrypsin coated beads, the fluorescent AMC group (325nm ex. 395nm em) is cleaved from the SAAP-AMC peptide surface and a red-shift occurs in the AMC fluorescence providing a standard marker for enzymatic activity (345nm ex, 440nm em). Thus, the signature far a-chymotrypsin bead activity against the surface is a reduction in fluorescence intensity from the peptide surface (at 395nm) and a concomitant increase in fluorescence in the solution above the surface (at 440 nm). Treatment of the SAAP-AMC silica surfaces with alpha-chymotrypsin-beads showed a reduction of the surface fluorescence to background in less than 24 hours, with a corresponding increase of free AMC fluorescence in solution. By restricting the contact region of the beads with the peptide surface we were able to demonstrate chemical patterning of the peptide surfaces. RP Turner, D (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,LAB MOL INTERFACIAL INTERACT,CODE 6930,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2389-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2978 BP 22 EP 30 DI 10.1117/12.269971 PG 3 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BH52D UT WOS:A1997BH52D00003 ER PT J AU Pederson, ED Turner, DW Lamberts, BL Schade, SZ AF Pederson, ED Turner, DW Lamberts, BL Schade, SZ TI Reducing medium for the cultivation of Porphyromonas gingivalis SO MICROBIOS LA English DT Article DE reducing medium; Porphyromonas gingivalis ID BLACK-PIGMENTED BACTEROIDES; VIRULENCE; W50 AB Porphyromonas gingivalis, a micro-organism frequently associated with human periodontal diseases, is commonly cultured under a reducing atmosphere in enclosed cabinets or glove boxes. This paper reports a modified Wilkins-Chalgren (MWC) medium for the culture of Fl gingivalis under atmospheric conditions at 37 degrees C. On the basis of preliminary tests, WC broth was supplemented as follows: 500 mg/l cysteine hydrochloride; 250 mg/l sodium thioglycolate; and 1,000 mg/l sodium bicarbonate. Three Fl gingivalis isolates (JKG-I, 33277 and A7436) showed very similar growth over 24 and 48 h periods when cultured both in WC medium in an anaerobic chamber and in the MWC medium. Culture of these isolates both in the anaerobic chamber and in the MWC medium yielded very similar data with respect to trypsin-like activity, total protease activity, and reactivity to monoclonal antibodies specific for P. gingivalis. Growth in the MWC medium varied over a 3- to 4-fold range for seven additional isolates (JKG-7, D86B6, D13B11, D84D2, JKG9, D67D9, D82F5) over 24 and 48 h periods. RP Pederson, ED (reprint author), USN,DENT RES INST,2701 SHERIDAN RD,BLDG 1-H,NAVL TRAINING CTR,GREAT LAKES,IL 60088, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU FACULTY PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 88 REGENT ST, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB2 1DP SN 0026-2633 J9 MICROBIOS JI Microbios PY 1997 VL 89 IS 359 BP 119 EP 124 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA XM199 UT WOS:A1997XM19900005 PM 9237385 ER PT S AU Debrestian, DJ Lumpe, JD Bevilacqua, RM Shettle, EP Hornstein, JS Olivero, JJ AF Debrestian, DJ Lumpe, JD Bevilacqua, RM Shettle, EP Hornstein, JS Olivero, JJ BE Grossmann, KU Riese, M Clemesha, BR TI POAM II observations of polar mesospheric clouds in the Southern Hemisphere SO MIDDLE AND UPPER ATMOSPHERES: SMALL SCALE STRUCTURES AND REMOTE SENSING SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH-SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT C1-2 and C1-3 Symposia of COSPAR Scientific Commission C on Middle and Upper Atmospheres - Small Scale Structures and Remote Sensing, at 31st COSPAR Scientific Assembly CY JUL 14-21, 1996 CL BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND SP Comm Space Res, Comm Space Res, Sci Comm Solar Terrestrial Phys AB The POAM II instrument has been taking data for approximately three years. PMCs have been detected in all three Southern Hemisphere seasons. The POAM II PMC data set has been analyzed using a simple geometric cloud model. We find mean cloud altitudes deduced from these data are 82-83 km with a mean thickness of 2.6 km. The means of the 448.1 nm peak slant optical depth were determined to range from 1.2 x 10(-3) to 1.9 x 10(-3) for the three seasons, corresponding to cloud extinction coefficients of 3.9 x 10(-6) to 6.1 x 10(-6) km(-1), respectively. The wavelength dependence of the measured slant optical depth for the clouds with largest extinction suggest an upper limit to the modal particle radii for these clouds of approximately 70 nm. (C) 1997 COSPAR. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. EMBRY RIDDLE AERONAUT UNIV, DEPT PHYS SCI, DAYTONA BEACH, FL 32114 USA. RP Debrestian, DJ (reprint author), COMPUTAT PHYS INC, FAIRFAX, VA 22031 USA. NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD LANGFORD LANE KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 BN 0-08-043104-6 J9 ADV SPACE RES-SERIES PY 1997 VL 19 IS 4 BP 587 EP 590 DI 10.1016/S0273-1177(97)00178-6 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BH89M UT WOS:A1997BH89M00009 ER PT J AU Ghoreishi, A Zahedi, D AF Ghoreishi, A Zahedi, D TI Prospects for regime change in Iran SO MIDDLE EAST POLICY LA English DT Article ID REVOLUTION C1 UNIV SO CALIF,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. RP Ghoreishi, A (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT NATL SECUR AFFAIRS,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIDDLE EAST POLICY COUNCIL PI WASHINGTON PA 1730 M ST, NW, STE 512, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 1061-1924 J9 MIDDLE EAST POLICY JI Middle East Policy PD JAN PY 1997 VL 5 IS 1 BP 85 EP 101 DI 10.1111/j.1475-4967.1997.tb00251.x PG 17 WC Area Studies; International Relations SC Area Studies; International Relations GA WG183 UT WOS:A1997WG18300008 ER PT B AU Wahlen, BE Jimenez, J AF Wahlen, BE Jimenez, J GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Performance comparison of Hermitian and Reed-Solomon codes SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc AB This paper compares the performance of low and high-rate Reed-Solomon codes with Hermitian codes, that is, algebraic-geometric codes based on Hermitian curves, over fields containing 16, 64, 256, 512, and 4096 elements. Comparisons of Reed-Solomon codes with much longer Hermitian codes over the same field demonstrate the utility of Hermitian codes with respect to the trade-off between coding gain and bandwidth expansion. Comparisons of Reed-Solomon and Hermitian codes of the same length, but over different fields, show an increasingly favorable trade-off between bandwidth expansion and complexity of finite-field arithmetic computations as code length increases. C1 USN Command, Control & Ocean Surveillance Ctr, RDT&E Div, NR&D, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Wahlen, BE (reprint author), USN Command, Control & Ocean Surveillance Ctr, RDT&E Div, NR&D, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 15 EP 19 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900004 ER PT B AU Sridhar, S Kang, K AF Sridhar, S Kang, K GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI A new priority policy for channel assignment in PCS networks SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc AB This paper presents a new policy called the threshold priority policy (TPP) dor channel assignment in personal communication service (PC'S) networks. The performance qi-this policy is compared with the performance of the well-known cutoff priority policy (SPP), The major performance measures used include blocking probability of new calls, forced termination probability, overall blacking probability and call non-completion probability. Several simulation experiments are done to study the sensitivity of the different policies to parameters such as offered load and portable mobility. These results are used to validate the analytical results obtained in an earlier study. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Management, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Sridhar, S (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Management, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 114 EP 118 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900023 ER PT B AU Katsoulis, G Robertson, RC AF Katsoulis, G Robertson, RC GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Performance bounds for multiple tone interference of frequency-hopped noncoherent MFSK systems SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc AB In this paper the performance degradation resulting from multitone interference of orthogonal, noncoherent frequency-hopped, M-ary frequency-shift keyed receivers (FH/MFSK) is investigated. The effect of thermal and other wideband noise is not neglected, and the multiple, equal power jamming tones are assumed to correspond to some or all of the possible FH M-ary orthogonal signaling tones. Furthermore, the channel is modeled as a Ricean fading channel, and both the information signal and the interference signal are assumed to be affected by channel fading. Both band and independent multitone interference are considered. Performance is evaluated by obtaining a union bound on the probability of bit error, and receiver performance is compared with exact results for band multitone interference of a noncoherent FH/MFSK receiver under comparable circumstances. Except for the case of Rayleigh fading of the signal, the union bound is very tight for those cases that can be compared with exact results. The advantages of the union bound approach are twofold. First, the union bound approach yields a solution that is far less computationally intensive than that obtained with the exact approach. Second, the union bound approach allows numerical results to be obtained for interference conditions that are not amenable to exact analysis, such as independent multitone interference of FH/MFSK. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Katsoulis, G (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 307 EP 312 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900059 ER PT B AU Eggertsen, KF Cirineo, A Cameron, AG Cleveland, JR AF Eggertsen, KF Cirineo, A Cameron, AG Cleveland, JR GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Approach to a common solution for the family of interoperable range system transceivers (first) SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc AB As the DoD strives to improve the fighting effectiveness of the war fighters in the digitized battlefield, the test and training ranges require instrumentation systems that lower the cost and improve the fidelity of training exercises. A significant component of these systems consists of RF transceivers that provide the connectivity to collect and transport important test and training data. The future systems must provide fully integrated communications capabilities that operate under increasingly diverse and dynamic battlefield conditions, allow insertion of new technologies, accommodate changes in doctrine and mission, and do not interfere with test and training activities. These future systems must fully integrate voice, data, video, and data transport services in a manner which makes efficient use of the limited RF spectrum. Toward this end, the Technical Working Group (TWG) of the FIRST project has initiated an effort to define a modem DoD Standard Datalink capability to serve Test and Evaluation (T&E) and Training within the US Navy, Air Force and Amy. The objective of this standardization is to improve the processes for range system integration and thereby lower the cost of range operation. Our paper discusses the common solution in terms of the system need, the development approach and the performance characteristics. Expected performance enhancements include adaptable interfaces, greater mission flexibility, increased capacity and range, and lower transceiver and battery weight made available by new commercial technologies. Use of "dual mode" military/commercial technology and synergism offers the opportunity to achieve the first universal bit rate, global joint commercial military standard. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Pt Mugu, CA USA. RP Eggertsen, KF (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Pt Mugu, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 419 EP 423 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900080 ER PT B AU Axford, RA Evanoff, GA Bostrom, GA North, RC Owens, KC Toy, J AF Axford, RA Evanoff, GA Bostrom, GA North, RC Owens, KC Toy, J GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI ACTS mobile terminal on USS PRINCETON (CG 59) (U) SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc AB (U) The Naval Command, Control and Ocean Surveillance Center's RDT&E Division (NRaD) and the Jet Propulsion Lab (JPL) installed JPL's Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS) Mobile Terminal (AMT) on USS PRINCETON (CG 59) in July 1996. The AMT remained installed for one year during which time PRINCETON deployed in the Eastern Pacific, Sea of Cortez and Caribbean on a six-month drug interdiction patrol in support of the U.S. Coast Guard. Via ACTS, NASA's experimental geostationary K/Ka-band communications satellite at 100 West Longitude, PRINCETON enjoyed the benefits of a full-duplex T1 data rate (1.536 Mbps) pipe back to CONUS during her deployment. This paper describes the installation and testing of the AMT on PRINCETON and the communications services that PRINCETON used via ACTS while on deployment. C1 USN, Command Control & Ocean Surveillance Ctr, Res Dev Test & Evaluat Div NraD, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Axford, RA (reprint author), USN, Command Control & Ocean Surveillance Ctr, Res Dev Test & Evaluat Div NraD, 53560 Hull St, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 887 EP 891 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900171 ER PT B AU Moose, PH Schaffler, K Scotty, S Watkins, J Wellborn, R Axford, RA AF Moose, PH Schaffler, K Scotty, S Watkins, J Wellborn, R Axford, RA GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Unclassified the Naval Postgraduate School GBS testbed SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc AB A downlink testbed for the Global Broadcast System (GBS) has been installed at the Naval Postgraduate School in the NPS Systems Technology Laboratory (STL). The purpose of the testbed is to conduct research on the link characteristics of GBS broadcasts that can be received in Monterey. Currently, the GBS Conus transmission is a Ku-band signal from the uplink testbed at the Pentagon via the medium power SBS-6 satellite located at 79 degrees West. Beginning in 1998, UFO-8 high power GBS broadcasts at Ka-band will be analyzed. In addition, the testbed receives and analyzes commercial Direct TV and Dish Net Ku-band broadcasts. The testbed has been instrumented to monitor carrier power levels and background noise levels for each of the active transponders. Statistical analysis of this data is planned to develop distributions of C/No and Eb/No for the different transmissions. Values are compared with computed link budgets. Correlation with local meteorological measurements is planned.. Bit error rate testing is included to evaluate receiver/decoder losses and to validate effects of variable data rate. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Moose, PH (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 901 EP 905 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900173 ER PT B AU Choi, JH AF Choi, JH GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Sensitivity of modulation index in satellite communication link analysis SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc AB The development of more efficient and reliable satelite communication systems requires more accurate link closure information between ground station and spacecraft or aircraft through developing effective coding and modulation techniques especially for deep space communication systems. Relations of modulation index with bandwidth, bit-error rate, signal to noise ratio, ranging, commanding, telemetry, and carrier power losses have been investigated and compared with hardware simulation results of Clementine (or Deep Space Program Science Experiment, (DSPSE) satellite communication links. Most criteria are characterized in terms of the BER, loop bandwidth to data rate ratio, signal-to-noise ratio, and modulation index. The results show that modulation indices exert a significant influence on satellite communication links, and that there exists an optimuim range of modulation index which can be determined through the proposed analytical aspects of modulation index range determination for different aspects of ranging, command, telemetry, and carrier power losses. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Choi, JH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 8140-2,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 929 EP 935 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900178 ER PT B AU Buddenberg, R AF Buddenberg, R GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Session layer requirements for multicast Internets SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc AB Why a focus on the Session Layer of the ISO Reference Model in any discussion on networking(1)? Quality of Service (QoS) control and the Whole Elephant. The parable about the blind men describing an elephant is useful to the discussion. Each feels one part of the elephant's anatomy and reports that part as the whole elephant. So the man who feels the elephant's tail has a wholly different mind's picture than the one feeling the elephant's side. And so it goes with QoS in a multicast environment. Each exploratory feel seems to yield a different view. This paper attempts to add some vision and get some notion of what the whole elephant ought to look like. This exercise is, of course, complicated by the fact that we're looking at an elephant that has yet to be built. First, we must understand that multicast won't happen until if happens at several cooperating ISO layers. And as we consider the ubiquitous multicast implications at each layer, the QoS issue pops up every time. Solet's focus on QoS. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Buddenberg, R (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Code SM-Bu, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 969 EP 972 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900185 ER PT B AU Macker, JP AF Macker, JP GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Reliable multicast transport and integrated erasure-based forward error correction SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc AB Multicast networking is an important emerging technology area for both commercial and military group-based data dissemination. In addition, a number of emerging applications can benefit from a reliable multicast transport service. A variety of approaches have been developed regarding the general application of Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) techniques over Internet protocol (IP) multicasting to achieve reliable delivery. In this paper, we investigate the application of erasure-based processing and parity-based recovery to a reliable multicast protocol framework. The integrated design approach described is shown to have improved efficiency and scalability features over reliable multicasting techniques based solely on ARQ. These bandwidth utilization improvements are expected to be substantial when applied across future multipoint communication infrastructures, especially over bandwidth-constrained and/or asymmetric networks. C1 USN, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Macker, JP (reprint author), USN, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 973 EP 977 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900186 ER PT B AU Lay, R AF Lay, R GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Errors in High Frequency Automatic Link Establishment radios SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc AB Error correcting techniques used by High Frequency Automatic Link Establishment (HF ALE) radios, including those with link protection, transform a basic 24-bit ALE word into 147 bits to be transmitted and received. This paper examines the effect errors in the 147 received bits have on the received 24-bit ALE word. C1 USN, Command Control & Ocean Surveillance Ctr, Res Dev Test & Evaluat Div, Elect Countermeasures Branch, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Lay, R (reprint author), USN, Command Control & Ocean Surveillance Ctr, Res Dev Test & Evaluat Div, Elect Countermeasures Branch, Code 751,Bldg 586, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 1036 EP 1040 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900197 ER PT B AU Ziegler, MA Shaw, JJ Burns, CS Hurthere, JE AF Ziegler, MA Shaw, JJ Burns, CS Hurthere, JE GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Television direct to sailors (TV-DTS) event awareness and quality of life for sailors and marines at sea SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc AB The availability of high powered, C-band, global-beam, commercial satellite transponders on the International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (INTELSAT) system will soon support a new worldwide broadcast capability to meet the current event awareness and quality of life (QOL) needs of Sailors and Marines serving on U.S. Navy ships. The Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command (SPAWAR) in cooperation with Naval Media Center (NAVMEDIACEN) and the American Forces Information Service (AFIS) will field Television Direct to Sailors (TV-DTS) to bring real-time television to ships operating at sea. TV-DTS will broadcast a 3.6 Mbps digital signal to a 1.2 meter C-band shipboard antenna to support two compressed video channels, three radio channels and one data channel. Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS) will provide programming procured from licensed commercial television and government news and entertainment sources. Strong support from the Public Affairs Offices of the Navy and Secretary of Defense accelerated funding to enable a rapid terminal fielding and broadcast implementation effort beginning in the Fall of 1997. C1 USN, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Ziegler, MA (reprint author), USN, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 1179 EP 1183 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900224 ER PT B AU Lundy, GM Bekas, AJ AF Lundy, GM Bekas, AJ GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Wireless communications for a multiple robot system SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc AB A multidisciplinary research project is being undertaken at NPS to develop a semi-autonomous robotic system to detect and clear lab mines and Unexploded Ordnance (UXO). The robotic system under development consists of a land vehicle, an aerial vehicle, and a ground-based control station. Reliable communication between these three stations is needed. A traditional wire-based network requires that the vehicles be tethered and severely limits the mobility of the vehicles. A wireless Local Area Network (LAN) is proposed to provide communications between the control station and the vehicles. The objective of this work is to specify and develop the physical (hardware) and logical (software) architecture of a wireless LAN that accommodates the needs of the mine/UXO project. Through art analysis of wireless modulation techniques, a market survey of wireless devices, and a field test of wireless devices, a wireless LAN is designed to meet the technological, performance, regulation, interference and mobility requirements of the mine/UXO project. Finally, the wireless communication protocol (specified by a FSM model and implemented in ANSI C code using Windows socket network programming) completes the wireless LAN implementation. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Lundy, GM (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 1293 EP 1297 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900245 ER PT B AU Klinker, JE Mihelcic, DM AF Klinker, JE Mihelcic, DM GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Reducing the risk of multi-level secure (MLS) workstations SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc AB Great interest exists within the military in using recent advances in Multi-Level Secure (MLS) technology to improve operational capability. However, many practical operational applications demand more from the technology from an assurance standpoint than is currently available in most commercial MLS products. For example, following a strict "Yellow book" [3] definition for the separation of DoD Secret to Unclassified requires B3 level technology. The most usable commercial MLS products on the market today are targeted at the BI level, a substantial reduction in assurance from the B3 mandated by the Yellow Book. However the "Yellow Book" was merely written as a guideline for applying MLS technology. While there is certainly some risk associated with using B1 level technology, there are practical measures that can be taken to substantially reduce the risk of using BI level technology. This paper documents several techniques we have employed on several MLS installations in the Navy. The techniques are designed to reduce the overall risk of penetration on the systems. While many of the techniques can be used to improve the security of most Unix operating systems they particularly reduce the operational risk of using an MLS operating system. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Klinker, JE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5544, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 1422 EP 1426 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900269 ER PT B AU Uziel, A Tummala, M AF Uziel, A Tummala, M GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Protocol architecture for tactical integrated services mobile networks SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc AB Recently, wireless ATM has received considerable interest in the commercial mobile communications area. In this paper, we address several issues related to wireless integrated services networks with emphasis on military environment. Several design issues related to the employment of a (single) macrocell integrated services network in the tactical military environment are discussed. A protocol architecture for integrated services mobile networks to meet the tactical needs is described, taking into consideration low bit-rate services, admission control issues, and user priorities. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Uziel, A (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 1532 EP 1536 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900290 ER PT B AU Lee, CH AF Lee, CH GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Decentralized power management algorithm for frequency reuse SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Code ECLE, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Lee, CH (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Code ECLE, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 1542 EP 1546 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900292 ER PT B AU Wieselthier, JE Nguyen, GD Ephremides, A AF Wieselthier, JE Nguyen, GD Ephremides, A GP IEEE IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Algorithms for finding optimal offered load in wireless communication networks SO MILCOM 97 PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MILCOM 97 - Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century CY NOV 02-05, 1997 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Armed Forces Commun & Electr Assoc AB In this paper we study the problem of finding the input load that optimizes the total throughput in circuit-switched, multihop, wireless networks that are subject to QoS constraints on blocking probability. By doing so, we are able to "size" the network capability for a given admission-control policy, thereby determining how much traffic the network can support as well as the offered loads that achieve this optimum. A "projection algorithm," based on the use of Lagrangian optimization techniques and heuristics, is developed, and its behavior is investigated. Extensive computational results demonstrate that this algorithm provides reliable convergence to optimal solutions. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wieselthier, JE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4250-X PY 1997 BP 1570 EP 1574 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BK13K UT WOS:000071292900297 ER PT S AU Abels, R AF Abels, R BE Jorgensen, AN Clausen, BL TI English logistics and military administration, 871-1066: The impact of the Viking wars SO MILITARY ASPECTS OF SCANDINAVIAN SOCIETY IN A EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVE, AD 1-1300 SE PUBLICATIONS FROM THE NATIONAL MUSEUM IN ARCHAEOLOGY & HISTORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Research Seminar on Military Aspects of Scandinavian Society in a European Perspective, AD 1-1300 CY MAY 02-04, 1996 CL COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SP Danish Natl Res Fdn ID EARLY 11TH-CENTURY; DANEGELD; HEREGELD; TAXATION C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATIONAL MUSEUM DENMARK PI COPENHAGAN PA DEPT ARCHAEOLOGY & EARLY HIST 12, FREDERIKSHOLMS KANAL, DK-1220 COPENHAGAN, DENMARK SN 0909-9506 BN 87-89384-54-7 J9 PUBL NATL MUS STUD PY 1997 VL 2 BP 257 EP 265 PG 9 WC Archaeology; History SC Archaeology; History GA BM44U UT WOS:000078767400027 ER PT S AU Smedstad, LF Perkins, AL Fox, DN Carnes, MM Heburn, GW Sakalaukus, PJ Hines, MM AF Smedstad, LF Perkins, AL Fox, DN Carnes, MM Heburn, GW Sakalaukus, PJ Hines, MM BE Chinni, MJ TI Ocean modeling with the Naval Ocean Models and Assimilation Demonstration System SO MILITARY, GOVERNMENT, AND AEROSPACE SIMULATION SE SIMULATION SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Simulation MultiConference on Military, Government, and Aerospace Simulation CY APR 06-10, 1997 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Soc Comp Simulat Int DE computer systems; man-machine interfaces; model design; real-time simulation; regional models AB We present an overview of an Ocean Modeling System developed at the Naval Research Laboratory. The Naval Ocean Models and Assimilation Demonstration System (NOMADS) has been designed to provide forward areas with both nowcasts and forecasts of the local ocean environment. We include a description of system requirements and the Graphical User Interface (GUI). The functionality of the Nowcast and Forecast routines are also presented. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ocean Dynam & Predict Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Smedstad, LF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ocean Dynam & Predict Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC COMPUTER SIMULATION PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 17900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92177 USA SN 0735-9276 BN 1-56555-120-6 J9 SIMUL SERIES PY 1997 VL 29 IS 4 BP 18 EP 22 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Engineering; Computer Science GA BQ03P UT WOS:000086918900004 ER PT S AU Yu, WP AF Yu, WP BE Chinni, MJ TI Target cross polarization effect on missile end-game tracking SO MILITARY, GOVERNMENT, AND AEROSPACE SIMULATION SE SIMULATION SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Simulation MultiConference on Military, Government, and Aerospace Simulation CY APR 06-10, 1997 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Soc Comp Simulat Int DE cross-polarization; RCS/glint; cross-coupling; tracking-loop; N-point model; end-game AB Radio-frequency (RF) target models are needed for RF chamber hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) missile flyout and complete digital missile flyout simulations. Both RCS and Glint noise play an important role in radar detection/acquisition and more importantly in tracking of a target. In addition to target glint effects there are also cross-coupling effects, between the elevation and the azimuth tracking channels, that could affect the performance of a missile tracker due to Electromagnetic (EM) Wave Depolarization phenomena. One is due to the cross-polarized radar echoes by the target itself and the other is due to the cross-polarization of radar echoes by the missile seeker radome. Missile tracking errors due to cross-coupling can greatly affect a missile tracker in the end-game tracking of a target. Target modeling methodology using N-point scatterer models has been mature enough for missile flyout simulations. However, most of the missile flyout and end-game tracking scenarios are still restricted by the availability of target models. It is the intent here to show that the application of N-point scatterer models can be used also for the study of cross polarization effect in an end-game target tracking scenario. The signature model derived, based on dominant scatterers of the target, would be invaluable for weapon system effectiveness and lethality analyses. Simple missile flyout and end-game scenarios to account for the cross-coupling effects using available target models are demonstrated. Issues related to scatterer model validity and applicability are discussed. C1 USN, Grayson Merrill Missile Syst Evaluat Lab, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Point Mugu, CA 93042 USA. RP Yu, WP (reprint author), USN, Grayson Merrill Missile Syst Evaluat Lab, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Point Mugu, CA 93042 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC COMPUTER SIMULATION PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 17900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92177 USA SN 0735-9276 BN 1-56555-120-6 J9 SIMUL SERIES PY 1997 VL 29 IS 4 BP 42 EP 47 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Engineering; Computer Science GA BQ03P UT WOS:000086918900008 ER PT S AU Alper, N Siquig, R Stein, C Kent, J Lowe, S Corbin, J Anantharaj, V Chambless, B Clarke, E AF Alper, N Siquig, R Stein, C Kent, J Lowe, S Corbin, J Anantharaj, V Chambless, B Clarke, E BE Chinni, MJ TI MEL: An Internet based distributed geospatial data discovery and retrieval system SO MILITARY, GOVERNMENT, AND AEROSPACE SIMULATION SE Simulation Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Simulation MultiConference on Military, Government, and Aerospace Simulation CY APR 06-10, 1997 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Soc Comp Simulat Int DE distributed systems; geospatial data; environmental data; modeling and simulation; digital library AB The Master Environmental Library (MEL) is an Internet based data discovery and retrieval system providing access to geographically distributed oceanographic, meteorological, near space and terrain databases. MEL is sponsored by the Defense Modeling and Simulation Office and its goal is to provide near-realtime, scenario, historical and climatological datasets and products for such purposes as simulations, mission planning and rehearsal, and scene modeling. Users access MEL over either the Internet for open access data, or soon, a secure network for limited access data. Queries are formulated and results viewed using either HTML or Java(TM) interfaces. A Java(TM) applet allows interactive information visualization and comparing of results, thus assisting in the discovery of data of relevance fi om a potentially large list of search results. Data can be ordered and will be delivered via FTP or on tape via mail. MEL is currently the first and only system that allows the searching and retrieval of data from the databases of the different Armed Services and other Federal organizations. C1 USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM alper@nrlmry.navy.mil; siquig@nrlmry.navy.mil; stein@nrlmry.navy.mil; kent@nrlmry.navy.mil; lower@nrlmry.navy.mil; corbin@cast.msstate.edu; val@cast.msstate.edu; billy@cast.msstate.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MODELING SIMULATION INT-SCS PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 17900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92177 USA SN 0735-9276 BN 1-56555-120-6 J9 SIMUL SERIES PY 1997 VL 29 IS 4 BP 183 EP 188 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Engineering; Computer Science GA BQ03P UT WOS:000086918900029 ER PT S AU Hays, RT Castillo, E Bradley, SK Seamon, AG AF Hays, RT Castillo, E Bradley, SK Seamon, AG BE Chinni, MJ TI A virtual environment for submarine ship handling: Perceptual and hardware trade-offs SO MILITARY, GOVERNMENT, AND AEROSPACE SIMULATION SE SIMULATION SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Simulation MultiConference on Military, Government, and Aerospace Simulation CY APR 06-10, 1997 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Soc Comp Simulat Int DE trainers; real-time simulation; naval; virtual environments C1 USN, Warfare Ctr, Training Syst Div, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Hays, RT (reprint author), USN, Warfare Ctr, Training Syst Div, 12350 Res Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC COMPUTER SIMULATION PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 17900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92177 USA SN 0735-9276 BN 1-56555-120-6 J9 SIMUL SERIES PY 1997 VL 29 IS 4 BP 217 EP 222 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Engineering; Computer Science GA BQ03P UT WOS:000086918900034 ER PT J AU Conrad, KA Kiser, WR AF Conrad, KA Kiser, WR TI Doxycycline vs mefloquine SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID PROPHYLAXIS RP Conrad, KA (reprint author), USN HOSP,DEPT FAMILY PRACTICE,JACKSONVILLE,FL 32214, USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 162 IS 1 BP R8 EP R8 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WB973 UT WOS:A1997WB97300005 PM 9002694 ER PT J AU Alderton, DL Wolfe, JH Larson, GE AF Alderton, DL Wolfe, JH Larson, GE TI The ECAT battery SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WORKING-MEMORY; VALIDITY AB The Enhanced Computer-Administered Test (ECAT) battery was selected by a Joint-Services panel of testing experts tasked with finding computerized tests that were likely to increase validity when added to the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB). The tests are described in this article and illustrated with sample items. Factor analysis of the ASVAB and ECAT battery showed that, although there is considerable overlap between the batteries, the ECAT battery measures 3 ability factors beyond those measured by the ASVAB: Working Memory, Spatial Ability, and Psychomotor Ability. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,ATLANTA,GA. USN,CTR PERSONNEL RES & DEV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. OI Wolfe, John/0000-0002-4262-8520 NR 44 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 2 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 1997 VL 9 IS 1 BP 5 EP 37 DI 10.1207/s15327876mp0901_1 PG 33 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA WE074 UT WOS:A1997WE07400002 ER PT J AU Larson, GE Alderton, DL AF Larson, GE Alderton, DL TI Test-retest results for the ECAT battery SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article AB To determine reliabilities and practice effects for the Enhanced Computer-Administered Test battery, the tests were administered twice to a sample of 313 high school and junior college students (223 men and 90 women). The test-retest interval was either 4 or 5 weeks, depending on the test site. The main results were (a) statistically significant practice effects for all tests except Assembling Objects, although some of these score gains may not be of practical significance; (b) reliabilities ranging from a low of .75 to a high of .91; and (c) relatively lower scores for women on all psychomotor tests and certain spatial tests. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,ATLANTA,GA. RP Larson, GE (reprint author), USN,CTR PERSONNEL RES & DEV,53335 RYNE RD,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 1997 VL 9 IS 1 BP 39 EP 47 DI 10.1207/s15327876mp0901_2 PG 9 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA WE074 UT WOS:A1997WE07400003 ER PT J AU Wolfe, JH AF Wolfe, JH TI Incremental validity of ECAT battery factors SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The Enhanced Computer-Administered Test (ECAT) project was a Joint-Services effort to estimate the potential increase in validity that could be obtained by adding new computerized tests to the current Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB). More than 10,000 recruits were tested with 9 experimental computerized tests of working memory, spatial ability, and psychomotor ability. Data on the examinees' subsequent performance at 3 Army, 2 Air Force, and 13 Navy technical schools were collected. The data measured laboratory, shop, training simulator, and other tests of hands-on performance as well as school grades. The corrected multiple correlation of 4 ASVAB factors with each criterion was compared with the multiple correlation from 3 ECAT factors added to the predictor set. Results showed very large increases in validity (exceeding .10) for prediction of Air Force and Navy Air Traffic Control performance using working memory and spatial tests and even larger increases for the Army's 11H Heavy Antiarmor Weapons Crewman time-on-target averages using psychomotor and spatial tests. Some other schools, where ASVAB's validity was already high, did not show higher validity when ECAT battery factors were added. Averaged over all schools, validity for predicting school grades increased 1.9%, and validity for predicting hands-on performance increased 6.6%. C1 USN,CTR PERSONNEL RES & DEV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. OI Wolfe, John/0000-0002-4262-8520 NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 1997 VL 9 IS 1 BP 49 EP 76 DI 10.1207/s15327876mp0901_3 PG 28 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA WE074 UT WOS:A1997WE07400004 ER PT J AU Held, JD Wolfe, JH AF Held, JD Wolfe, JH TI Validities of unit-weighted composites of the ASVAB and the ECAT battery SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Currently, assignment to training in each entry-level enlisted job in the U.S. military is influenced by examinees' scores on the classification composite for that job from be Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB). For a cross-service Sample of the 18 occupations in the Enhanced Computer-Administered Test (ECAT) project, enhancements of their respective operational ASVAB composites (9 unique ones) are evaluated here. Analyses are reported on the gains in validity from adding 1 test with unit weight to each composite, the addition coming either from the other ASVAB tests or from the 9 tests of the ECAT battery. In more than half the schools, the best ASVAB additions were Coding Speed or Mechanical Comprehension. In the ECAT battery, 1 test of psychomotor ability (Two-Hand Tracking) and 2 tests of working memory (Mental Counters and Sequential Memory) were the most promising additions. The utility of the new composites for person-job matching is discussed. RP Held, JD (reprint author), USN,CTR PERSONNEL RES & DEV,53335 RYNE RD,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. OI Wolfe, John/0000-0002-4262-8520 NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 1997 VL 9 IS 1 BP 77 EP 84 DI 10.1207/s15327876mp0901_4 PG 8 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA WE074 UT WOS:A1997WE07400005 ER PT J AU Wolfe, JH AF Wolfe, JH TI Stepwise selection of ECATs for maximum mean validity SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The problem addressed in this article is how to select a common battery of predictor tests for all armed services schools. A technique was developed for selecting a subset of tests from a larger test pool in order to maximize the mean corrected validity across occupational samples. The method involved adding or deleting tests stepwise to build a battery having a specified number of tests. The method was applied to the combined battery consisting of the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) and the Enhanced Computer-Administered Test (ECAT) battery. The analyses showed that, if all ASVAB tests were forced in first, validity tended to level off after 3 ECAT tests were added, each test representing a different ECAT factor. The first 3 ECAT tests selected by the procedure were Two-Hand Tracking, Mental Counters, and Assembling Objects. These 3 ECAT tests produced 76% of the validity gain from the full 9-test ECAT battery for preferred (i.e., hands-on performance oriented) school criteria. Also, a combination of 3 ECAT battery tests and 5 ASVAB tests had greater mean validity than did the full ASVAB of 10 tests. A variety of alternative combinations of 3 ECAT tests had nearly the same validity as did the optimal tests, as long as the tests measured the 3 basic ECAT battery factors of Psychomotor Ability, Working Memory, and Spatial Ability. C1 USN,CTR PERSONNEL RES & DEV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. OI Wolfe, John/0000-0002-4262-8520 NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 1997 VL 9 IS 1 BP 85 EP 95 DI 10.1207/s15327876mp0901_5 PG 11 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA WE074 UT WOS:A1997WE07400006 ER PT J AU Kelly, TL Ryman, DH Schlangen, K Gomez, SA Elsmore, TF AF Kelly, TL Ryman, DH Schlangen, K Gomez, SA Elsmore, TF TI The effects of a single dose of pemoline on performance and mood during sleep deprivation SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEXTROAMPHETAMINE AB Stimulants may be used to improve performance during sleep deprivation. A previous study found that multiple doses of pemoline (37.5 mg every 12 hr) during 64 hr of sleep deprivation improved speed of cognitive performance with variable effects on accuracy. In this study, a single dose of 37.5 mg of pemoline was administered once during the 2nd of 2 nights of sleep deprivation. With this administration schedule, participants showed improved performance, predominantly on accuracy (percentage correct) measures. Effects on speed were minimal. The three tasks which were primarily tests of reaction time showed no stimulant effects. Pemoline had no negative effects on performance, in contrast to the findings of the multiple-dose study. Administration at the time of maximum need (previous sleep deprivation added to the effects of the circadian low period for performance and alertness) may explain the change in effects. C1 US PACIFIC FLEET,SAN DIEGO,CA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Kelly, TL (reprint author), USN,HLTH RES CTR,POB 85122,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 1997 VL 9 IS 3 BP 213 EP 225 DI 10.1207/s15327876mp0903_3 PG 13 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA XF523 UT WOS:A1997XF52300003 ER PT J AU Williams, D Englund, CE Sucec, AA Overson, MD AF Williams, D Englund, CE Sucec, AA Overson, MD TI Effects of chemical protective clothing, exercise, and diphenhydramine on cognitive performance during sleep deprivation SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WEARING INDUSTRIAL RESPIRATORS; MENTAL PERFORMANCE; SIGNAL-DETECTION; VISUAL-FIELD; PSYCHOMOTOR; ANTIHISTAMINES; CETIRIZINE; HEAT AB The cognitive performance effects of some stressors experienced in military training and combat were determined in a field experiment. The effects of wearing chemical protective clothing (CPC) at Mission-Oriented Protective Posture Level IV, walking 18 to 24 miles (29-39 km) while carrying a heavy backpack, and taking 50-mg oral doses every 6 hr of diphenhydramine (an antihistamine) were investigated on 72 Marines during a 36-hr sleep deprivation double-blind, placebo-controlled experiment. We administered tests that measured reaction time, spatial ability, memory, and logical reasoning. The results suggest that wearing CPC for an Il-hr period or prolonged engagement in moderate exercise produces general cognitive impairment in sleep-deprived participants. However, after repeated dosing, taking diphenhydramine has little cognitive effect. These results suggest that, if a job is near the limit of a person's cognitive abilities, performance may suffer if the person is sleep deprived and required to wear CPC or engage in prolonged, moderate exercise. RP Williams, D (reprint author), USN,HLTH RES CTR,POB 85122,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. NR 59 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 1997 VL 9 IS 4 BP 329 EP 358 DI 10.1207/s15327876mp0904_5 PG 30 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA YF559 UT WOS:A1997YF55900006 ER PT J AU Hayes, BC Sands, JI AF Hayes, BC Sands, JI TI Non-traditional military responses to end wars: Considerations for policymakers SO MILLENNIUM-JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES LA English DT Article AB Many in the defence community have decried the increasing role of the military in complex emergencies, claiming that these peacekeeping operations divert the focus of the military from warfighting and lead to decreased unit readiness. Sceptics believe that peace operations tasks should continue to be narrowly construed, with the focus remaining on achieving a safe and secure environment for target populations, relief workers, and peacekeepers. This article argues for an alternative view: that the military can do much within the context of its short-term security mission to have a broader impact on the long-term security of a failed state. However, in order to do so, it contends that the military must look beyond traditional roles to see how it can assist rehabilitation and development in a failed state. Instead of merely helping to stop the violence, the military can and should do more to pave the way for a long-term, stable peace. C1 USN, War Coll, Ctr Naval Warfare Studies, Decis Support Dept, Newport, RI 02840 USA. Newmarket Co, Washington, DC USA. RP Hayes, BC (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Ctr Naval Warfare Studies, Decis Support Dept, Newport, RI 02840 USA. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MILLENNIUM PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA LONDON SCHOOL ECONOMICS HOUGHTON ST, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2A 2AE SN 0305-8298 J9 MILLENNIUM-J INT ST JI Millennium-J. Int. Stud. PY 1997 VL 26 IS 3 BP 819 EP + DI 10.1177/03058298970260030501 PG 27 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA ZH135 UT WOS:000073076300012 ER PT J AU Hayes, BC AF Hayes, BC TI Casualties of the new world order: The causes of failure of UN missions to civil wars SO MILLENNIUM-JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES LA English DT Book Review C1 USN, War Coll, Decis Support Unit, Newport, RI 02840 USA. RP Hayes, BC (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Decis Support Unit, Newport, RI 02840 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MILLENNIUM PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA LONDON SCHOOL ECONOMICS HOUGHTON ST, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2A 2AE SN 0305-8298 J9 MILLENNIUM-J INT ST JI Millennium-J. Int. Stud. PY 1997 VL 26 IS 3 BP 893 EP 895 DI 10.1177/03058298970260030714 PG 3 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA ZH135 UT WOS:000073076300030 ER PT B AU Solka, JL Marchette, DJ Rogers, GW Poston, WL AF Solka, JL Marchette, DJ Rogers, GW Poston, WL BE Scott, DW TI Application of statistical visualization techniques to image classification SO MINING AND MODELING MASSIVE DATA SETS IN SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND BUSINESS WITH A SUBTHEME IN ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS SE COMPUTING SCIENCE AND STATISTICS (SERIES) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th Symposium on the Interface between Computing Science and Statistics CY MAY 14-17, 1997 CL HOUSTON, TX SP Univ Texas M D Anderson Cancer Ctr, Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Public Hlth, W M Keck Ctr Computational Biol AB This paper details our recent work in the application of existing and the development of new statistical visualization techniques to the problem of the identification of optimal feature sets for use in low-level vision processing. In particular we are interested in displaying the relationship of extracted feature sets that are often multi-class and high dimensional in nature. The identified feature sets are ultimately employed within a statistical classification framework to identify regions of interest within images. The techniques discussed will include parallel coordinates, the grand tour and several-new Visualization techniques. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, Syst Res & Technol Dept, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP Solka, JL (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, Syst Res & Technol Dept, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERFACE FOUNDATION NORTH AMERICA PI FAIRFAX PA PO BOX 7460, FAIRFAX, VA 22039-7460 USA BN 1-886658-04-8 J9 COMP SCI STAT PY 1997 VL 29 IS 1 BP 299 EP 305 PG 7 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied; Statistics & Probability SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA BM60M UT WOS:000079222400075 ER PT B AU Wallet, BC Marchette, DJ Wegman, EJ AF Wallet, BC Marchette, DJ Wegman, EJ BE Scott, DW TI Evolutionary subspace pursuit SO MINING AND MODELING MASSIVE DATA SETS IN SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND BUSINESS WITH A SUBTHEME IN ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS SE COMPUTING SCIENCE AND STATISTICS (SERIES) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th Symposium on the Interface between Computing Science and Statistics CY MAY 14-17, 1997 CL HOUSTON, TX SP Univ Texas M D Anderson Cancer Ctr, Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Public Hlth, W M Keck Ctr Computational Biol AB We develop a method for using a genetic algorithm for performing local dimensionality reduction. Lower dimensional linear subspaces are found which most closely fit data in a higher dimensional space. Data points are then projected orthogonally to the appropriate subspace. This allows for dimensionality reduction while still preserving the local structure. Our method is applied to a number of artificial data sets, and we discuss how this method could be used for discriminant analysis, clustering, and exploratory data analysis. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Syst Res & Technol Dept, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP Wallet, BC (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Syst Res & Technol Dept, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERFACE FOUNDATION NORTH AMERICA PI FAIRFAX PA PO BOX 7460, FAIRFAX, VA 22039-7460 USA BN 1-886658-04-8 J9 COMP SCI STAT PY 1997 VL 29 IS 1 BP 402 EP 406 PG 5 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied; Statistics & Probability SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA BM60M UT WOS:000079222400099 ER PT B AU Solka, JL Marchette, DJ AF Solka, JL Marchette, DJ BE Scott, DW TI A new data driven mixture estimator for spatially dependent observations SO MINING AND MODELING MASSIVE DATA SETS IN SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND BUSINESS WITH A SUBTHEME IN ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS SE COMPUTING SCIENCE AND STATISTICS (SERIES) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th Symposium on the Interface between Computing Science and Statistics CY MAY 14-17, 1997 CL HOUSTON, TX SP Univ Texas M D Anderson Cancer Ctr, Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Public Hlth, W M Keck Ctr Computational Biol AB This paper describes a new adaptive mixtures estimator that is especially designed to process random samples obtained from an inherently spatial process. The new estimator allows for the incorporation of the spatial information into both the parameter estimation and term creation process. A description of the new algorithm along with pedagogical results on a few examples are discussed within the paper. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, Syst Res & Technol Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP Solka, JL (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, Syst Res & Technol Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERFACE FOUNDATION NORTH AMERICA PI FAIRFAX PA PO BOX 7460, FAIRFAX, VA 22039-7460 USA BN 1-886658-04-8 J9 COMP SCI STAT PY 1997 VL 29 IS 1 BP 462 EP 466 PG 5 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied; Statistics & Probability SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA BM60M UT WOS:000079222400115 ER PT B AU Marchette, DJ Wegman, EJ AF Marchette, DJ Wegman, EJ BE Scott, DW TI Finding modes with the filtered kernel estimator SO MINING AND MODELING MASSIVE DATA SETS IN SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND BUSINESS WITH A SUBTHEME IN ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS SE COMPUTING SCIENCE AND STATISTICS (SERIES) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th Symposium on the Interface between Computing Science and Statistics CY MAY 14-17, 1997 CL HOUSTON, TX SP Univ Texas M D Anderson Cancer Ctr, Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Public Hlth, W M Keck Ctr Computational Biol ID DENSITY AB The mode tree is a useful tool for visualizing the modal structure of a density. Locations of modes of the density are plotted as a function of the bandwidth used in a kernel estimate of the density. Since the mode tree uses a single bandwidth in the kernel estimator, it exhibits all the drawbacks that a single bandwidth kernel estimator has, particularly for densities with large tails or differences in the scales of the modes. A modification is presented that uses the filtered kernel estimator, a version of the kernel estimator using a small number of bandwidths. The different bandwidths allow different amounts of smoothing in different regions, which allows the reduction of spurious modes in the tails while at the same time allowing better resolution in selected areas. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP Marchette, DJ (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, B10, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERFACE FOUNDATION NORTH AMERICA PI FAIRFAX PA PO BOX 7460, FAIRFAX, VA 22039-7460 USA BN 1-886658-04-8 J9 COMP SCI STAT PY 1997 VL 29 IS 1 BP 498 EP 507 PG 10 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied; Statistics & Probability SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA BM60M UT WOS:000079222400122 ER PT B AU Everett, HR Gage, DW AF Everett, HR Gage, DW BE Kenyon, CH Kachroo, P TI A third generation security robot SO MOBILE ROBOTS XI AND AUTOMATED VEHICLE CONTROL SYSTEMS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Mobile Robots XI and Automated Vehicle Control Systems CY NOV 20-21, 1996 CL BOSTON, MA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE security; robot; teleoperation; non-lethal AB ROBART III is an advanced demonstration platform for non-lethal security response measures, incorporating reflexive teleoperated control concepts developed on the earlier ROBART II system. The addition of threat-response capability to the detection and assessment features developed on previous systems (ROBART I and ROBART II) has been motivated by increased military interest in Law Enforcement and Operations Other Than War. Like the MDARS robotic security system being developed at NCCOSC RDTE DIV (the Navy's Command Control and Communications center in San Diego, called NRaD for short), ROBART III will be capable of autonomously navigating in semi-structured environments such as office buildings and warehouses. Reflexive teleoperation mode employs the vehicle's extensive onboard sensor suite to prevent collisions with obstacles when the human operator assumes control and remotely drives the vehicle to investigate a situation of interest. The non-lethal-response weapon incorporated in the ROBART III system is a pneumatically-powered dart gun capable of firing a variety of 3/16-inch-diameter projectiles, including tranquilizer darts. A Gatling-gun style rotating barrel arrangement allows six shots with minimal mechanical complexity. All six darts can be fired individually or in rapid succession, and a visible-red laser sight is provided to facilitate manual operation under joystick control using video relayed to the operator from the robot's head-mounted camera. This paper presents a general description of the overall ROBART III system, with focus on sensor-assisted reflexive teleoperation of both navigation and weapon firing, and various issues related to non-lethal response capabilities. RP Everett, HR (reprint author), USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT&E DIV,NCCOSC RDTE DIV D371,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2305-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2903 BP 118 EP 126 DI 10.1117/12.265336 PG 9 WC Automation & Control Systems; Optics SC Automation & Control Systems; Optics GA BH22E UT WOS:A1997BH22E00012 ER PT J AU Hill, JM AF Hill, JM TI Thinking about 'Beowulf' - Earl,JW SO MODERN LANGUAGE REVIEW LA English DT Book Review RP Hill, JM (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W S MANEY AND SON LTD PI LEEDS PA HUDSON ROAD, LEEDS, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND LS9 7DL SN 0026-7937 J9 MOD LANG REV JI Mod. Lang. Rev. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 92 BP 160 EP 162 DI 10.2307/3734706 PN 1 PG 3 WC Language & Linguistics; Literature SC Linguistics; Literature GA WG980 UT WOS:A1997WG98000029 ER PT B AU Hull, AJ AF Hull, AJ BE Gilchrist, MD TI An inverse method to measure the vibration parameters of a liquid-filled shell SO MODERN PRACTICE IN STRESS AND VIBRATION ANALYSIS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Modern Practice in Stress and Vibration Analysis CY SEP 03-05, 1997 CL DUBLIN, IRELAND SP Univ Coll Dublin, Inst Phys, Stress & Vibrat Grp AB This paper develops an inverse method for determining the parameters of a model that describes a liquid-filled cylindrical shell under axial tension subjected to an external displacement. The model assumes that an extensional wave and a breathing wave each propagate in both the positive and negative axial directions of the shell, which results in six unknown parameters: two forced wavenumbers and four wave propagation coefficients. Based on experimental testing, the extensional and breathing wavenumbers are first estimated and then inserted as numerical values into the model at four spatial pressure field locations. The model equations are now rewritten as a four-by-four system of linear equations that are equated to the data. The solutions are the unknown wave propagation coefficients. The model and experimental results are discussed, and recommendations to improve the inverse method are presented. C1 USN, Submarine Sonar Dept, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Newport, RI 02840 USA. RP Hull, AJ (reprint author), USN, Submarine Sonar Dept, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Newport, RI 02840 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU A A BALKEMA PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA SCHIPHOLWEG 107C, PO BOX 447, 2316 XC LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5410-896-7 PY 1997 BP 37 EP 44 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BK50Z UT WOS:000072387300005 ER PT J AU Lindle, JR Bartoli, FJ Flom, SR Harter, AT Ratna, BR Shashidhar, R AF Lindle, JR Bartoli, FJ Flom, SR Harter, AT Ratna, BR Shashidhar, R TI Field-induced biaxiality in the refractive index of chiral smectic a liquid crystals SO MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SECTION A-MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Liquid Crystal Conference CY JUN 24-28, 1996 CL KENT STATE UNIV, KENT, OH SP Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent State Univ, Dept Chem, Kent State Univ, Liquid Crystal Inst, Int Liquid Crystal Soc, Natl Sci Fdn, Sci & Technol Ctr Adv Liquid Crystalline Opt Mat, Samsung Electr Co Ltd, Gordon & Breach Sci Publ, USN, Off Naval Res, Natl Sci Fdn, Cystaloid Electr, Minolta Ltd, Soc Informat Display, Blake Ind, EM Ind Inc, Instec Inc, Linkam Sci Instruments, ROLIC Ltd, Siemens Energy & Automat Inc, Aerosp Display Syst, McNeil Travel HO KENT STATE UNIV ID AC PHASE-CHANGE AB The transmission of a homogeneously aligned chiral smectic A liquid crystal, placed between crossed and parallel polarizers, is measured as a function of polarization angle for a series of applied voltages. The experimental results exhibit a pronounced field-dependent birefringence, providing clear evidence for field-induced biaxiality in the refractive index in these systems. It is shown that the biaxiality is strongly correlated with the electroclinic tilt angle. RP Lindle, JR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Lindle, James/A-9426-2009 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1058-725X J9 MOL CRYST LIQ CRYS A JI Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol. Sect. A-Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. PY 1997 VL 302 BP 127 EP 132 DI 10.1080/10587259708041818 PG 6 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA YH159 UT WOS:A1997YH15900017 ER PT J AU Rao, DSS Prasad, SK Chandrasekhar, S Mery, S Shashidhar, R AF Rao, DSS Prasad, SK Chandrasekhar, S Mery, S Shashidhar, R TI X-ray, dielectric and high pressure studies on a compound exhibiting ferro-, ferri- and antiferroelectric smectic phases SO MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SECTION A-MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Dynamics and Defects in Liquid Crystals CY OCT 12-13, 1995 CL CUYAHOGA FALLS, OH DE ferroelectric; ferrielectric; antiferroelectric; smectics; x-ray; dielectric constant; high pressure studies; pressure temperature phase diagram; critical end point ID LIQUID-CRYSTALS; MIXTURES AB We report X-ray layer spacing, dielectric constant and high pressure measurements on a compound that exhibits the following sequence of phase transitions: smectic A-ferroelectric smectic C*-ferrielectric smectic C-gamma*-antiferroelectric smectic C-A*-hexatic antiferroelectric smectic I-A*-crystal K. The pressure-temperature diagram shows two three-phase meeting points, which are topologically consistent with critical end points, and reentrant behavior of the C* and C-7* phases as the pressure is varied at constant temperature. C1 CTR LIQUID CRYSTAL RES, BANGALORE 560013, KARNATAKA, INDIA. INST PHYS & CHIM MAT STRASBOURG, GMO, F-67037 STRASBOURG, FRANCE. USN, RES LAB, CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Rao, Shankar/B-1203-2009; Chandrasekhar, S/E-5358-2012; OI MERY, Stephane/0000-0001-8410-8729 NR 12 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU GORDON BREACH PUBLISHING, TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, 8TH FL, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1058-725X J9 MOL CRYST LIQ CRYS A JI Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol. Sect. A-Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. PY 1997 VL 292 BP 301 EP 310 DI 10.1080/10587259708031939 PG 10 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA WW248 UT WOS:A1997WW24800026 ER PT J AU Hardiker, V AF Hardiker, V TI A global numerical weather prediction model with variable resolution SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; INITIALIZATION; ATMOSPHERE; TYPHOON; LEVEL AB A conformal transformation suggested by F. Schmidt is followed to implement a global spectral model with variable resolution. A conformal mapping is defined from a physical sphere (like the earth) to a transformed (computational) sphere. The model equations are discretized on the computational sphere, and the conventional spectral technique is applied to march forward in time. Two types of transformations are investigated in the present study, namely the rotation and the stretching transformation. Application of the stretching transformation leads to finer resolution in the meridional direction; however, due to the spherical geometry, the resolution becomes finer in the latitudinal direction also, and furthermore. the rotation can be used to relocate the model poles. The idea is now to rotate the north pole and refine the resolution around the new north pole by applying the stretching transformation. A multilevel global spectral model is formulated from the current Florida State University global spectral model to implement the total (rotation followed by stretching) transformation. The control run in this study is a conventional T-170 resolution global spectral model. The transformed T-83 resolution global spectral model is used to study Hurricane Andrew. The performance of the transformed model is clearly seen to be improved in describing the structure, intensity, and motion of the hurricane over the conventional T-85 resolution spectral model. The computational cost for the transformed model is approximately one-half the cost for the conventional T-170 model. The conformal transformation technique can be thus used as a viable alternative to the limited-area models. RP Hardiker, V (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,UCAR VISITING SCIENTIST PROGRAM,7 GRACE HOPPER AVE,STOP 2,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 42 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 125 IS 1 BP 59 EP 73 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1997)125<0059:AGNWPM>2.0.CO;2 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA WB964 UT WOS:A1997WB96400004 ER PT S AU Johnson, CE Higa, KT AF Johnson, CE Higa, KT BE Komarneni, S Parker, JC Wollenberger, HJ TI Preparation of nanometer sized aluminum powders SO NANOPHASE AND NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS II SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Nanophase and Nanocomposite Materials II, at the 1996 MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 02-05, 1996 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc AB Nanometer aluminum powders have been prepared from the catalytic thermal decomposition of aluminum hydride adducts in organic solvents. This process provides excellent control of particle size and uniformity with batch particle sizes ranging from 50 to 600 nm. Variables affecting particle size were explored, including reaction temperature, catalyst concentration, and adducting amine concentration. Passivation techniques of the reactive aluminum powders were established for safe handling in air. Samples were mainly characterized by scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. RP Johnson, CE (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,CHEM & MAT BRANCH,RES & TECHNOL GRP,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-361-4 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1997 VL 457 BP 131 EP 135 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BH71D UT WOS:A1997BH71D00019 ER PT S AU Edelstein, AS Harris, VG Rolison, D Perepezko, JH Smith, D AF Edelstein, AS Harris, VG Rolison, D Perepezko, JH Smith, D BE Komarneni, S Parker, JC Wollenberger, HJ TI Nanocrystalline solid solutions of Cu/Co and other novel nanomaterials SO NANOPHASE AND NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS II SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Nanophase and Nanocomposite Materials II, at the 1996 MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 02-05, 1996 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc AB A brief review will be given of the preparation, synthesis and properties of the Cu/Co system. The special case of the synthesis of nanocrystalline Cu.80Co.20 by precipitation and reduction of hydroxides is discussed in more detail. It was found that the lattice constant of nanocrystalline Cu.80Co.20, determined from x-ray diffraction measurements, approximately fits Vegard's Law and the average nearest neighbor distance from both the Cu and Co atoms, determined from EXAFS measurements, is shifted from their bulk values. Samples given the minimum heat treatment needed to reduce the hydroxides contained Go-rich regions. Heat treatments cause the Co to segregate preferentially onto the surface of the Cu crystals. The presence of the Co delays the oxidation of the Cu surfaces. RP Edelstein, AS (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-361-4 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1997 VL 457 BP 261 EP 271 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BH71D UT WOS:A1997BH71D00040 ER PT S AU Feldstein, MJ Keating, CD Zheng, W Liau, YH MacDiarmid, AG Natan, MJ Scherer, NF AF Feldstein, MJ Keating, CD Zheng, W Liau, YH MacDiarmid, AG Natan, MJ Scherer, NF BE Shalaev, VM Moskovits, M TI Time-resolved carrier dynamics near the insulator - Metal transition SO NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS: CLUSTERS, COMPOSITES, AND THIN FILMS SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Review CT Symposium on Nanostructured Materials - Clusters, Composites, and Thin Films, at the 213th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY APR 13-17, 1997 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Phys Chem ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER; GOLD-FILMS; MONOLAYERS; POLYCRYSTALLINE; KINETICS AB Carrier dynamics in polyaniline and colloidal Au films have been examined using a combined approach of time resolved laser spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). These systems exhibit insulator-metal transitions (IMT) in conjunction with synthetic modification of their structure. The relationship between structure and reactivity, in terms of hot carrier lifetimes and transport, has been identified by correlating changes in the dynamics with the directly measured morphology. Physical insight into the processes affecting carrier lifetimes and localization and the nature of the IMT has been derived from an analysis of the experimental data. The results and conclusions presented herein have implications for directing research and development in device applications based on thin film technologies. C1 PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT CHEM, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. UNIV PENN, DEPT CHEM, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV PENN, RES STRUCT MATTER LAB, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV CHICAGO, DEPT CHEM, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. RP Feldstein, MJ (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3536-8 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1997 VL 679 BP 141 EP 151 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Materials Science, Composites SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BJ87D UT WOS:A1997BJ87D00011 ER PT J AU Lewis, D Rayne, RJ Bender, BA Kurihara, LK Chow, GM Fliflet, A Kincaid, A Bruce, R AF Lewis, D Rayne, RJ Bender, BA Kurihara, LK Chow, GM Fliflet, A Kincaid, A Bruce, R TI Conventional and high frequency microwave processing of nanophase ceramic materials SO NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Nanostructured Materials CY JUL 08-12, 1996 CL KONA, HI SP NIST, ONR, DOE, XEROX, ELSEVIER, ACTA METALLURGICA, NSF AB Results are given for preliminary experiments on processing of conventional and nanophase ceramic materials by conventional (2.45 GHz) and high frequency (greater than or equal to 3.5 GHz) microwave processing. Characterization of materials processed under different conditions (time, temperature, frequency) includes XRD, density, and microstructure. The basis for such experimentation is discussed briefly, including results of previous measurements showing significant advantages in high frequency microwave processing of nanophase ceramics, and previous experi-ments, showing enhanced sintering of aluminum oxide with 28 GHz microwave processing. The results to-date, while somewhat promising, do not show these dramatic results. (C) 1997 Acta Metallurgica Inc. RP Lewis, D (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 1 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0965-9773 J9 NANOSTRUCT MATER JI Nanostruct. Mater. PY 1997 VL 9 IS 1-8 BP 97 EP 100 DI 10.1016/S0965-9773(97)00027-5 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA XB969 UT WOS:A1997XB96900016 ER PT J AU Gonsalves, KE Rangarajan, SP Law, CC GarciaRuiz, A Chow, GM AF Gonsalves, KE Rangarajan, SP Law, CC GarciaRuiz, A Chow, GM TI M50 nanostructured steel - The chemical synthesis and characterization of powders and compacts SO NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Nanostructured Materials CY JUL 08-12, 1996 CL KONA, HI SP NIST, ONR, DOE, XEROX, ELSEVIER, ACTA METALLURGICA, NSF AB Three different chemical routes have been investigated for the synthesis of nanostructured M50 steel. One method involves the ultrasound decomposition of organometallic precursors, the second method is the thermal decomposition of these precursors and the third is the co-reduction of metal halides using a reducing agent. These powders have further been compacted by vacuum hot pressing. The compacts are crystalline as evidenced by the peaks corresponding to bcc alpha-Fe, and the average grain size in the compacts was determined to be approximate to 30 nm by line broadening analysis. SEM/EDAX measurements on the powders and the compacts revealed a homogenous microstructure, with low porosity. TEM and electron diffraction were also performed on the compacts. The consolidated samples had a hardness of VHN 871 as compared to a hardness of VHN 800 for conventional, M50 steel. The samples had a high yield strength and modulus of elasticity. (C) 1997 Acta Metallurgica Inc. C1 PRATT & WHITNEY,E HARTFORD,CT 06108. USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Gonsalves, KE (reprint author), UNIV CONNECTICUT,INST MAT SCI,STORRS,CT 06269, USA. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0965-9773 J9 NANOSTRUCT MATER JI Nanostruct. Mater. PY 1997 VL 9 IS 1-8 BP 169 EP 172 DI 10.1016/S0965-9773(97)00045-7 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA XB969 UT WOS:A1997XB96900034 ER PT J AU Ayers, JD Harris, VG Sprague, JA Elam, WT Jones, HN AF Ayers, JD Harris, VG Sprague, JA Elam, WT Jones, HN TI A model for nucleation of nanocrystals in the soft magnetic alloy Fe73.5Nb3Cu1Si13.5B9 SO NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Nanostructured Materials CY JUL 08-12, 1996 CL KONA, HI SP NIST, ONR, DOE, XEROX, ELSEVIER, ACTA METALLURGICA, NSF ID FE73.5SI13.5B9NB3CU1 AB Melt-spun ribbons of the alloy Fe73.5Nb3Cu1Si13.5B9 are amorphous, but heat treating them at 550 degrees C for one hour generates a microstructure which consists of DO3 structure Fe-Si crystallites about 10 nm in diameter which are separated from one another by remnant amorphous films that are enriched in B and Nb. Numerous investigators have proposed that nucleation on this exceedingly fine scale occurs at sites which are locally enriched in Fe, this enrichment being caused by partitioning of Cu during the heat treatment. Extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) results show that Cu rich clusters with a near fee structure form early in the precipitation process, and that the size of these clusters is influenced by the presence of Nb. These results, anti an extensive transmission electron microscopy study, support an argument that the DO3 precipitates form in intimate contact with the Cu clusters, rather than at sites displaced from them. This model is consistent with results from other experimental studies and with theoretical analyses which show that the surface energy barrier to nucleation of subsequent phases is lowest at the first-formed precipitate. (C) 1997 Acta Metallurgica Inc. RP Ayers, JD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Harris, Vincent/A-8337-2009 NR 5 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0965-9773 J9 NANOSTRUCT MATER JI Nanostruct. Mater. PY 1997 VL 9 IS 1-8 BP 391 EP 396 DI 10.1016/S0965-9773(97)00091-3 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA XB969 UT WOS:A1997XB96900080 ER PT J AU Gilmore, CM Sprague, JA AF Gilmore, CM Sprague, JA TI Computer modeling the deposition of nanoscale thin films SO NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Nanostructured Materials CY JUL 08-12, 1996 CL KONA, HI SP NIST, ONR, DOE, XEROX, ELSEVIER, ACTA METALLURGICA, NSF ID EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SILICON AB The embedded atom method for simulating the deposition of thin films with nanoscale dimensions will be reviewed and this technique will be compared with some of the other methods for molecular dynamics simulation. Recent results of molecular dynamics simulations that relate to the fabrication of nanostructured materials will be presented. Simulations include the low temperature deposition of Pt and Cu onto Cu substrates with energetic incoming atoms as occurs in many deposition processes such as sputter or ion beam deposition. The effects of heat of solution, incident energy, and incident momentum on the mixing of atoms and the formation of interstitials in the substrate will be discussed. (C) 1997 Acta Metallurgica Inc. C1 USN,RES LAB,SURFACE MODIFICAT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Gilmore, CM (reprint author), GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,INST SCI MAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20052, USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0965-9773 J9 NANOSTRUCT MATER JI Nanostruct. Mater. PY 1997 VL 9 IS 1-8 BP 643 EP 650 DI 10.1016/S0965-9773(97)00143-8 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA XB969 UT WOS:A1997XB96900132 ER PT J AU Feng, CR Chow, GM Rangarajan, SP Chen, X Gonsalves, KE Law, CC AF Feng, CR Chow, GM Rangarajan, SP Chen, X Gonsalves, KE Law, CC TI TEM and HRTEM characterization of nanostructured M50 type steel SO NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB Nanostructured M50 type steel materials were prepared by hot pressing the precursor powders. The precursor powders were chemically synthesized using Mo different techniques, namely, thermal decomposition and co-reduction. During the hot press process, the precursor powders were transformed to nanocrystalline phases with the precipitation of fine carbides. Simultaneously, the crystalline powders were densified. The densified samples were studied using both conventional and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The effects of hot pressing parameters such as temperature, time and pressure on the development of nanostructures, grain growth and formation of defects are discussed. C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,INST MAT SCI,STORRS,CT 06269. UNITED TECHNOL CORP,PRATT & WHITNEY,E HARTFORD,CT 06108. RP Feng, CR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0965-9773 J9 NANOSTRUCT MATER JI Nanostruct. Mater. PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 8 IS 1 BP 45 EP 54 DI 10.1016/S0965-9773(97)00064-0 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WP914 UT WOS:A1997WP91400005 ER PT J AU Hoffman, SL Crutcher, JM Puri, SK Ansari, AA Villinger, F Franke, ED Singh, PP Finkelman, F Gately, ML Dutta, GP Sedegah, M AF Hoffman, SL Crutcher, JM Puri, SK Ansari, AA Villinger, F Franke, ED Singh, PP Finkelman, F Gately, ML Dutta, GP Sedegah, M TI Sterile protection of monkeys against malaria after administration of interleukin-12 SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-12; SCHISTOSOMA-MANSONI; GAMMA-INTERFERON; IFN-GAMMA; IL-12; CELLS; HEPATOCYTES; LYMPHOCYTES; EXPRESSION; INDUCTION AB An estimated 300-500 million new infections and 1.5-2.7 million deaths attributed to malaria occur annually in the developing world(1), and every year tens of millions of travelers from countries where malaria is not transmitted visit countries with malaria. Because the parasites that cause malaria have developed resistance to many antimalarial drugs, new methods for prevention are required. Intraperitoneal injection into mice of one dose of 150 ng (approximately 7.5 mu g per kg body weight) recombinant mouse interleukin-12 (rmIL-12) 2 days before challenge with Plasmodium yoelii sporozoites protects 100% of mice against malaria(2). We report that one subcutaneous injection of 10 mu g/kg recombinant human IL-12 (rhIL-12) 2 days before challenge with P. cynomolgi sporozoites protected seven of seven rhesus monkeys. Protection was associated with marked increases in plasma levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and relative increases of lymphoid cell messenger RNA coding for IFN-gamma and several other cytokines. We speculate that rIL-12 protects monkeys through IFN-gamma-dependent elimination of P. cynomolgi-infected hepatocytes. This first report of rIL-12-induced protection of primates against: an infectious agent supports assessment of rhIL-12 for immunoprophylaxis of human malaria. C1 CENT DRUG RES INST,DIV MICROBIOL,LUCKNOW 22601,UTTAR PRADESH,INDIA. EMORY UNIV,WINSHIP CANC CTR,ATLANTA,GA 30322. UNIV CINCINNATI,MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV IMMUNOL,CINCINNATI,OH 45267. HOFFMANN LA ROCHE INC,NUTLEY,NJ 07110. RP Hoffman, SL (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,12300 WASHINGTON AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. RI Villasante, Eileen/G-3602-2011 FU PHS HHS [1R01-27057-08] NR 22 TC 115 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 3 IS 1 BP 80 EP 83 DI 10.1038/nm0197-80 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA WA733 UT WOS:A1997WA73300042 PM 8986746 ER PT J AU Jacobs, KS McComas, JP AF Jacobs, KS McComas, JP TI Maintenance avoidance and maintenance reduction SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Maintenance is performed to restore a system's inherent reliability. However, reliability is not enough: a maintenance task must ''pay for itself'' in dollars or readiness. This applies to all types of maintenance: corrective, preventive, and alterative. We can reduce corrective maintenance costs through preventive and alterative maintenance. We can reduce preventive maintenance costs by eliminating inapplicable and ineffecitve tasks. We must weigh alterative maintenance costs against the value of improved readiness and cost-avoidance of future corrective maintenance. The U.S. Navy is improving alterative maintenance by engineering for reduced maintenance (ERM). This process corrects the root cause of some high-cost items by replacing the system, component, or coating with an improved design or material. It overcomes the limit of preventive maintenance: higher levels of inherent reliability require design improvement. The U.S. Navy is improving preventive maintenance through condition-based maintenance (CBM). The Navy's CBM initiative encompasses three parallel efforts: rules (improving maintenance requirements and plans), tools (using computer and diagnostic technology to facilitate maintenance decision-making), and schools (educating all levels of maintenance decision-makers in reliability and condition-based maintenance engineering principles). This paper addresses how the U.S. Navy surface ship community plans to avoid inapplicable and ineffective maintenance and reduce maintenance costs without sacrificing reliability. RP Jacobs, KS (reprint author), USN,SEA SYST COMMANDS SURFACE SHIP MAINTENANCE DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 SN 0028-1425 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 109 IS 1 BP 47 EP 56 PG 10 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA WG873 UT WOS:A1997WG87300012 ER PT B AU Uhlmann, JK Julier, S Csorba, M AF Uhlmann, JK Julier, S Csorba, M BE Speigle, SA TI Nondivergent simultaneous map building and localization using covariance intersection SO NAVIGATION AND CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES FOR UNMANNED SYSTEMS II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Navigation and Control Technologies for Unmanned Systems II CY APR 23, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Assoc Unmanned Vehicle Syst Int DE autonomous vehicles; data fusion; filtering; Covariance Intersection; Kalman filter; map building; matrix inequalities; nonlinear filtering AB The Covariance Intersection (CI) framework represents a generalization of the Kalman filter that permits filtering and estimation to be performed in the presence of unmodeled correlations. As described in previous papers, unmodeled correlations arise in virtually all real-world problems; but in many applications the correlations are so significant that they cannot be ''swept under the rug'' simply by injecting extra stabilizing noise within a traditional Kalman filter. In this paper we briefly describe some of the properties of the CI algorithm and demonstrate their relevance to the notoriously difficult problem of simultaneous map building and localization for autonomous vehicles. RP Uhlmann, JK (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5580,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2502-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3087 BP 2 EP 11 DI 10.1117/12.277216 PG 10 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Aerospace; Optics; Transportation SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Optics; Transportation GA BJ16Q UT WOS:A1997BJ16Q00001 ER PT J AU Carome, MA Kang, YH Bohen, EM Nicholson, DE Carr, FE Kiandoli, LC Brummel, SE Yuan, CM AF Carome, MA Kang, YH Bohen, EM Nicholson, DE Carr, FE Kiandoli, LC Brummel, SE Yuan, CM TI Distribution of the cellular uptake of phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides in the rat kidney in vivo SO NEPHRON LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 27th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Nephrology CY OCT 26-29, 1994 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Amer Soc Nephrol, Eur Comm, Biomed I, Ctr Hosp Reg, Bordeaux, Natl Kidney Res Fund DE phosphorothioate oligonucleotide; antisense; rat kidney; gene therapy; autoradiography ID ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; GENE-EXPRESSION; RNASE-H; GROWTH; INHIBITION; LEUKEMIA; TRANSPORT; INVIVO; CELLS; MICE AB Previous animal studies have demonstrated that following systemic administration phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides (S-ODNs) are primarily excreted by the kidneys and that renal tissue levels of S-ODNs exceed that of other organs, Thus, the kidney may be an ideal target organ for application of antisense S-ODNs in vivo, We examined which cells within the rat kidney have uptake of radiolabeled S-ODNs following intravenous infusion. A 20-base S-35-ODN was infused into 6 adult male Wistar rats. Three animals each were sacrificed 30 min and 4 h after infusion. The kidneys were then removed, fixed, and tissue autoradiography was performed. Similar results were obtained in both groups, The highest level of radioactivity was seen within the proximal tubules. Lower levels of activity were seen within the glomerulus, the parietal epithelial cells of Bowman's space, and distal tubular cells, Very weak activity was also detected within the cells of the loop of Henle and the medullary collecting ducts. These results demonstrated that within the kidney S-ODNs were taken up primarily by proximal tubular cells, with much lower uptake by cells in other segments of the nephron. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,SERV NEPHROL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,ENDOCRINE SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. USN,MED RES INST,DIV PATHOL,BETHESDA,MD. RP Carome, MA (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,BLDG 6,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 39 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0028-2766 J9 NEPHRON JI Nephron PD JAN PY 1997 VL 75 IS 1 BP 82 EP 87 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA WF962 UT WOS:A1997WF96200014 PM 9031275 ER PT B AU Bachmann, CM AF Bachmann, CM BE Principe, J Gile, L Morgan, N Wilson, E TI Novel projection pursuit indices for feature extraction and classification: An inter-comparison in a remote sensing application SO NEURAL NETWORKS FOR SIGNAL PROCESSING VII LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th IEEE Workshop on Neural Networks for Signal Processing (NNSP 97) CY SEP 24-26, 1997 CL AMELIA ISLAND, FL SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc, Neural Networks Tech Comm, IEEE Neural Network Council, USAF Off Sci Res AB Projection Pursuit [7] [10] (PP) techniques are used to search for statistically interesting low-dimensional projections of complex, high-dimensional data. These projections reveal data structure useful for automatic classification applications. We derive a novel class of Projection Pursuit algorithms, comparing them with related PP algorithms [7] [8] [11] [2] [1]. Texture-based cloud detection in Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) imagery from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory is provided as a basis for inter-comparison. RP Bachmann, CM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,REMOTE SENSING HYDRODYNAM BRANCH,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4256-9 PY 1997 BP 54 EP 63 DI 10.1109/NNSP.1997.622383 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BJ79Z UT WOS:A1997BJ79Z00006 ER PT B AU Larkin, MJ AF Larkin, MJ BE Principe, J Gile, L Morgan, N Wilson, E TI Optimal feature extraction techniques to improve classification performance, with application to sonar signals SO NEURAL NETWORKS FOR SIGNAL PROCESSING VII LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th IEEE Workshop on Neural Networks for Signal Processing (NNSP 97) CY SEP 24-26, 1997 CL AMELIA ISLAND, FL SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc, Neural Networks Tech Comm, IEEE Neural Network Council, USAF Off Sci Res AB Feature extraction is an important preliminary step to classification of complex signals. By reducing a high-dimensional signal to a lower-dimensional feature set which preserves the relevant structure of the signal, classification performance is enhanced. A classification system was developed to classify sonar signals as to whether the object detected is minelike or non-minelike. Results are presented comparing classification performance when various feature extraction methods are implemented. RP Larkin, MJ (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,CODE 3111,1176 HOWELL ST,NEWPORT,RI 02841, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4256-9 PY 1997 BP 64 EP 71 DI 10.1109/NNSP.1997.622384 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BJ79Z UT WOS:A1997BJ79Z00007 ER PT B AU Barlow, JG AF Barlow, JG BE Cogar, WB TI The question of command for Operation Olympic SO NEW INTERPRETATIONS IN NAVAL HISTORY: SELECTED PAPERS FROM THE TWELFTH NAVAL HISTORY SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Naval History Symposium on New Interpretations in Naval History CY OCT 26-27, 1995 CL USN ACAD, ANNAPOLIS, MD HO USN ACAD AB The decision as to which of the branches of the military would command the Allied forces for the projected invasion of Japan became a major issue for Fleet Admiral Ernest King and General of the Army George Marshall. In this paper, Dr. Barlow draws on high-level navy and army sources to examine how the services' thinking on matters of unified command for Operation Olympic changed over the course of the debate. He concludes that the navy's wartime support for unified command at the theater level was much stronger (and the army's much weaker) than one might think, given their positions today. C1 USN, Hist Ctr, Contemporary Hist Branch, Washington, DC 20350 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NAVAL INST PRESS PI ANNAPOLIS PA 291 WOOD RD, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21402 USA BN 1-55750-624-8 PY 1997 BP 325 EP 338 PG 14 WC History SC History GA BK28A UT WOS:000071665000023 ER PT B AU Mansour, AN Melendres, CA AF Mansour, AN Melendres, CA BE Savadogo, O Roberge, PR TI X-ray absorption spectra and the structure of the higher oxide forms of nickel SO NEW MATERIALS FOR FUEL CELL AND MODERN BATTERY SYSTEMS II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on New Materials for Fuel Cell and Modern Battery Systems CY JUL 06-10, 1997 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP Ecole Polytech Montreal, Dept Met & Genie Materiaux, Quebec Minist Energy & Resources ID FINE-STRUCTURE SPECTRA; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRODES AB X-ray absorption spectra have been measured for beta-NiOOH, Ni3O2(OH)(4), Ni2O3. 6H(2)O, chemically and electrochemically prepared gamma-NiOOH as well as commercially obtained NiO2. Information on the local structure and nature of bonding of nickel in these compounds have been derived using theoretical standards generated with the FEFF code. Spectra of Ni, NiO, and KNiIO6 were used as standard-reference for Ni-0, Ni2+, and Ni4+, respectively. Based on the x-ray absorption edge energies and local structure parameters, we conclude that the various nickel oxycompounds consist of a mixture of phases. One phase consists of Ni2+ in the form of alpha-Ni(OH)(2) and/or beta-Ni(OH)(2). The other phase contains Ni4+ and is likely to be NiO2, a material which can be obtained in pure form, e.g., by electrochemical oxidation of LiNiO2. The fraction of each phase depends on preparation conditions. A chemically prepared gamma-NiOOH sample showed the highest fraction of NiO2 (i.e., Ni4+). C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, W Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Mansour, AN (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, W Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE MONTREAL PI MONTREAL PA C/O SERVICE EDITION CP 6079, SUCC CENTRE-VILLE, MONTREAL, QUEBEC H3C 3A7, CANADA BN 2-553-00624-1 PY 1997 BP 166 EP 177 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BM70L UT WOS:000079562400015 ER PT J AU Horwitz, JS Chrisey, DB Dorsey, PC Knauss, LA Pond, JM Wilson, M Osofsky, MS Qadri, SB Caulfield, J Auyeung, RCY AF Horwitz, JS Chrisey, DB Dorsey, PC Knauss, LA Pond, JM Wilson, M Osofsky, MS Qadri, SB Caulfield, J Auyeung, RCY TI Pulsed laser deposition of electronic ceramics SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Proceedings of the Joint International Symposium of the '96 MRS-J Conference(Symp.N) and the 3rd Ion Engineering Conference CY MAY 23-24, 1996 CL CHIBA, JAPAN ID THIN-FILMS AB High quality thin films of electronic ceramics are currently being deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) for a variety of applications. Examples of these applications include ferroelectric thin films for active microwave electronics and rare-earth doped manganite thin films for uncooled infrared focal plane arrays (IRFPAs). Single phase and oriented SrxBa(1-x)TiO3 films have been deposited by PLD onto (100) substrates of LaAlO3 for active microwave devices. The dielectric properties of these films has been measured using gold interdigital capacitors deposited on top of the film. A 2: 1 change in the capacitance can be achieved using a 40 V bias across a 5-10 mu m capacitor gap. The dissipation factor (measured at 1 MHz) depends on film composition and temperature. Rare-earth manganite (RE(x)M(1-x)Mn(O delta)) thin films have also been deposited by PLD for use in uncooled IRFPAs, The temperature dependence of the resistivity has been measured for La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 and La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 thin films deposited onto LaAlO3 substrates. Film properties depend strongly on composition and post-deposition processing conditions to vary the oxygen stoichiometry. The temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) has been measured to be between 2 and 15%. Based on preliminary measurements, these films will increase the sensitivity of the uncooled IR detector to be comparable or greater than a cooled detector based on HgCdTe. RP Horwitz, JS (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Osofsky, Michael/A-1050-2010 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JAN PY 1997 VL 121 IS 1-4 BP 371 EP 377 DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(96)00540-X PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA WH943 UT WOS:A1997WH94300080 ER PT J AU Marquez, VE Ezzitouni, A Siddiqui, MA Russ, P Ikeda, H George, C AF Marquez, VE Ezzitouni, A Siddiqui, MA Russ, P Ikeda, H George, C TI Conformational analysis of nucleosides constructed on a bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane template. Structure-antiviral activity analysis for the northern and southern hemispheres of the pseudorotational cycle SO NUCLEOSIDES & NUCLEOTIDES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XII International Round Table on Nucleosides, Nucleotides and their Biological Applications - Making Drugs Out of Nucleosides and Oligonucleotides CY SEP 15-19, 1996 CL LA JOLLA, CA ID CARBOCYCLIC THYMIDINE AB A conformational analysis of carbocyclic nucleosides built on a rigid bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane template (1-4, Northern and 5-8 Southern) showed that the Northern conformation prefers an anti glycosyl torsion angle whereas the Southern conformation favors the syn range. Antiviral activity was mostly associated with the Northern conformers. C1 USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Marquez, VE (reprint author), NCI,MED CHEM LAB,DIV BASIC SCI,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 4 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0732-8311 J9 NUCLEOS NUCLEOT JI Nucleosides Nucleotides PY 1997 VL 16 IS 7-9 BP 1431 EP 1434 DI 10.1080/07328319708006199 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA YF530 UT WOS:A1997YF53000096 ER PT J AU Wang, HT Guenther, RB AF Wang, HT Guenther, RB TI Calculation of the far field finite depth Green's function SO OCEAN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB This note presents a numerical method for calculating the far field part of the Green's function fora source in steady translation below the surface of fluid of finite depth. The principal steps of the numerical scheme are outlined, with emphasis on those aspects which are needed for a computer implementation of the scheme. Numerical results are given to show the behavior of the function in various parts of the computation domain, the computer requirements of the method, and its expected accuracy. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. RP Wang, HT (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0029-8018 J9 OCEAN ENG JI Ocean Eng. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 24 IS 1 BP 83 EP 94 DI 10.1016/0029-8018(95)00052-6 PG 12 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA VL223 UT WOS:A1997VL22300007 ER PT B AU Arnone, RA Sydor, M Gould, RA AF Arnone, RA Sydor, M Gould, RA BE Ackleson, SG Frouin, R TI Remote sensing reflectance of case 2 waters SO OCEAN OPTICS XIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Optics XIII CY OCT 22-25, 1996 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP USN, Off Naval Res, NASA, Russian Acad Sci, Amer Geophys Union, Oceanog Soc, US, Amer Soc Limnol & Oceanog, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Canada, Def Res Estab Valcartier, Canada, Alliance Marine Remote Sensing, Canada AB We consider the variability of spectra in case 2 waters with different scattering and absorption coefficients in order to examine the limits on the validity of RSR = C b(bt lambda)/a(t lambda). The spectral scattering coefficient is shown to be strongly correlated with sediment cross sectional area. In high scattering environments the remote sensing reflectance can be linearly related to the particle cross sectional area. RSR spectra show a decrease with the absorption by Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) for lambda < 600 nm. However, at extremely high scattering levels, absorption by DOM and even pure water became less important in this region. The transition from case 2 to case I waters appears to occur when the scattering to absorption ratio is less then 0.6. In situ ac9 and RSR data were collected in the northern coastal Gulf of Mexico and off North Carolina.. The RSR spectra are shown to be related to the in situ absorption and scattering coefficients, and the cross sectional area of the particles, We explore methods of characterizing waters based on the dimensionless ratio of the scattering and absorption coefficients. RP Arnone, RA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7243,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2367-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2963 BP 222 EP 227 DI 10.1117/12.266446 PG 2 WC Oceanography; Optics SC Oceanography; Optics GA BH31C UT WOS:A1997BH31C00035 ER PT B AU Weidemann, AD Pegau, WS Jugan, LA Bowers, TE AF Weidemann, AD Pegau, WS Jugan, LA Bowers, TE BE Ackleson, SG Frouin, R TI Tidal influences on optical variability in shallow water SO OCEAN OPTICS XIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Optics XIII CY OCT 22-25, 1996 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP USN, Off Naval Res, NASA, Russian Acad Sci, Amer Geophys Union, Oceanog Soc, US, Amer Soc Limnol & Oceanog, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Canada, Def Res Estab Valcartier, Canada, Alliance Marine Remote Sensing, Canada DE optical variability; tidal influences; attenuation; absorption; physical forcing AB Over the past few years, several extensive exercises supported by NR, Optics Programs have taken place in US coastal waters. Analysis of optical data collected has progressed from simply observing high spatial and temporal variability, to linking this variability with physical forcing factors. Data from the most recent exercises off the Oceanside, CA and Le Jeune, NC areas are presented, Optical and oceanographic casts were taken at Oceanside in October 1995 using an ac-9 and an associated CTD. Optical properties were observed to correlate very well with the temperature and density structure of the water column. In turn, the temperature/density structure varied in conjunction with the main component of the local tidal cycle. Optical casts over a 15 hour period when other physical forcing factors are believed to be minimal are presented. During the two-week Oceanside exercise, an optical mooring recorded absorption, total attenuation, irradiance, and backscattering. Cyclic changes in the optical properties of a factor between two and four were observed, with a base of 0.5 to 1.0 m(-1) in total attenuation at 532 nm and highs of 2.5 to 5.0 m(-1). Phase shifts in the optical data indicate that tidal influences were also modulated and at times overshadowed by large scale meteorological events, local long shore currents, and other physical forces. At Le Jeune, absorption, attenuation, temperature, and density fields were observed to fluctuate with the tidal cycle at distances of up to 12 mi from New River Inlet. The mean tidal height and density are shown to correlate with a factor of three change in both the absorption and attenuation over a tidal cycle. Warm, high density water with low optical properties advected through the area during the measurement period and overshadowed the variability attributable to tides. RP Weidemann, AD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7331,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2367-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2963 BP 320 EP 325 DI 10.1117/12.266463 PG 2 WC Oceanography; Optics SC Oceanography; Optics GA BH31C UT WOS:A1997BH31C00051 ER PT B AU Ackleson, SG AF Ackleson, SG BE Ackleson, SG Frouin, R TI Diffuse attenuation in optically-shallow water: Effects of bottom reflectance SO OCEAN OPTICS XIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Optics XIII CY OCT 22-25, 1996 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP USN, Off Naval Res, NASA, Russian Acad Sci, Amer Geophys Union, Oceanog Soc, US, Amer Soc Limnol & Oceanog, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Canada, Def Res Estab Valcartier, Canada, Alliance Marine Remote Sensing, Canada DE diffuse attenuation coefficient; optically-shallow water; bottom reflectance AB It is well-known that in the ocean, where the depth of the ocean floor is large compared with the attenuation length of irradiance, the diffuse attenuation coefficients for vector and scalar irradiance (K-functions) are not affected by the optical properties or proximity of the ocean floor. This is the case of an optically deep ocean where the attenuation coefficients are determined solely by the inherent optical properties of the water and the distribution of radiance. Since, within opticall-deep water, variability in the K-functions due to radiance distribution are small relative to the effects of the inherent optical properties of water, K-functions have been treated as quasi-inherent optical properties. Furthermore, when the depth of the ocean floor is shallow enough so that it becomes illuminated by downwelling irradiance, i.e. when the ocean is optically shallow, the in-water light field is modified by the optical properties of the ocean floor. The effect decreases with increasing depth and distance from the ocean floor. It is not generally appreciated, however, that the associated K-functions will also be affected by both the optical properties and the proximity of the ocean floor and, therefore, cannot be treated as quasi-inherent optical properties. If these effects are neglected, large errors, exceeding 25% in some cases, can result from modeling the optically shallow scalar irradiance profile as a function of a constant diffuse attenuation coefficient. RP Ackleson, SG (reprint author), OFF NAVAL RES,800 N QUINCY ST,ARLINGTON,VA 22217, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2367-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2963 BP 326 EP 330 DI 10.1117/12.266464 PG 3 WC Oceanography; Optics SC Oceanography; Optics GA BH31C UT WOS:A1997BH31C00052 ER PT B AU Terrie, G Ladner, S Gould, R AF Terrie, G Ladner, S Gould, R BE Ackleson, SG Frouin, R TI Effects of suspended sediment concentration on the absorption and scattering coefficients SO OCEAN OPTICS XIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Optics XIII CY OCT 22-25, 1996 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP USN, Off Naval Res, NASA, Russian Acad Sci, Amer Geophys Union, Oceanog Soc, US, Amer Soc Limnol & Oceanog, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Canada, Def Res Estab Valcartier, Canada, Alliance Marine Remote Sensing, Canada DE water optical properties; suspended sediment concentration; particle size distribution AB The scattering coefficient (b) for the nearshore waters off the coast of North Carolina near Camp Lejeune is strongly influenced by suspended sediment concentration and total particulate cross-sectional area (x(g)). In-situ measurements of a and b were made using a WET Labs AC9 meter. Estimates of suspended sediment concentration and total particulate cross-sectional area were determined from laser particle size analyses of surface water samples. The SeaWiFS bio-optical algorithm was modified for Case II waters and used to estimate a and b(b) from remote sensing reflectance (R(rs)). After conversion from backscattering (b(b)) to total scattering (b), modeled a and b values from the modified SeaWiFS algorithm were compared to the measured values. The differences between the measured and estimated values appear to be directly related to increases in suspended sediment concentration and x(g). Correlations of about 0.90 were obtained for b vs x(g) and b(b) vs x(g). RP Terrie, G (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7243,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2367-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2963 BP 549 EP 553 DI 10.1117/12.266501 PG 3 WC Oceanography; Optics SC Oceanography; Optics GA BH31C UT WOS:A1997BH31C00087 ER PT B AU Haltrin, VI Kattawar, GW Weidemann, AD AF Haltrin, VI Kattawar, GW Weidemann, AD BE Ackleson, SG Frouin, R TI Modeling of elastic and inelastic scattering effects in oceanic optics SO OCEAN OPTICS XIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Optics XIII CY OCT 22-25, 1996 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP USN, Off Naval Res, NASA, Russian Acad Sci, Amer Geophys Union, Oceanog Soc, US, Amer Soc Limnol & Oceanog, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Canada, Def Res Estab Valcartier, Canada, Alliance Marine Remote Sensing, Canada DE ocean optics; optical properties; light propagation; scattering; absorption; diffuse reflectance; sea water; Raman scattering; chlorophyll fluorescence; CDOM fluorescence AB The results of model calculations of apparent optical properties for realistic marine waters with inclusion of Raman scattering and fluorescence are presented. It is shown that the underwater light spectrum can be divided, by a threshold wavelength, into two regions with different behavior of apparent optical properties, and also that inelastic effects are significant and should be considered in ocean optics measurements. RP Haltrin, VI (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,OCEAN SCI BRANCH,CODE 7331,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2367-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2963 BP 597 EP 602 DI 10.1117/12.266367 PG 4 WC Oceanography; Optics SC Oceanography; Optics GA BH31C UT WOS:A1997BH31C00095 ER PT B AU Mullen, L Contarino, VM AF Mullen, L Contarino, VM BE Ackleson, SG Frouin, R TI Modulated pulse lidar for enhanced underwater detection SO OCEAN OPTICS XIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Optics XIII CY OCT 22-25, 1996 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP USN, Off Naval Res, NASA, Russian Acad Sci, Amer Geophys Union, Oceanog Soc, US, Amer Soc Limnol & Oceanog, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Canada, Def Res Estab Valcartier, Canada, Alliance Marine Remote Sensing, Canada DE lidar; radar; laser radar; ocean remote sensing; optical modulation AB Past laboratory experiments established the ability of the modulated pulse lidar system to improve underwater target contrast. Due to the limitations of the laboratory environment in assessing the performance of the new detection scheme, a system was designed and constructed for use in an ocean experiment which was carried out in December, 1995. Results from the field test confirm the capability of modulated pulse lidar to reduce backscatter clutter and enhance underwater target contrast. In addition, the existence of microwave subcarrier interference effects confirmed that the microwave signal integrity was maintained throughout the range of measurements. RP Mullen, L (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,DIV AIRCRAFT,22541 MILLSTONE RD,PATUXENT RIVER,MD 20670, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2367-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2963 BP 731 EP 736 DI 10.1117/12.266392 PG 4 WC Oceanography; Optics SC Oceanography; Optics GA BH31C UT WOS:A1997BH31C00117 ER PT B AU Johnson, DR Meridith, RW AF Johnson, DR Meridith, RW BE Ackleson, SG Frouin, R TI Modeling the environmental/optical relation in near shore regions SO OCEAN OPTICS XIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Optics XIII CY OCT 22-25, 1996 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP USN, Off Naval Res, NASA, Russian Acad Sci, Amer Geophys Union, Oceanog Soc, US, Amer Soc Limnol & Oceanog, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Canada, Def Res Estab Valcartier, Canada, Alliance Marine Remote Sensing, Canada AB Fresh water runoff into the ocean from rivers amd estuaries contains colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) that strongly affects optical absorption. If conservative mixing occurs between these fresh water plumes and the surrounding high salinity/low CDOM oceanic waters, then a linear relationship should exist between salinity and optical absorption, enabling remote mapping of the plume's dispersion. In this study we test this relationship in the near shore region with optical absorption and salinity time series taken during four different experiments in separate locations and separate seasons. Our conclusion is that in very near shore regions, away from the immediate river runoff, the conservative mixing relationship is easily violated. RP Johnson, DR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39509, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2367-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2963 BP 856 EP 861 DI 10.1117/12.266415 PG 2 WC Oceanography; Optics SC Oceanography; Optics GA BH31C UT WOS:A1997BH31C00136 ER PT B AU Macha, WR Rogers, KE AF Macha, WR Rogers, KE GP IEEE TI Submersible pop-up buoy for RF communication SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB Buoy geometries for ocean applications are as varied and diverse as the programs that give rise to their needs. NRaD is designing for ONR an autonomous, battery-powered pop-up buoy system to provide RF communications between the sea surface and a remote ship or shore terminus, or an airborne or spaceborne repeater. This buoy system will act as a communication relay, sending and receiving data over an RF link, and shuttling that information via fiber-optic link, to and from a sensor system on the ocean floor. Unique design features include an inherently positive, variable-displacement spar; a variable-ballast chamber to regulate surface exposure; and a self-compensating tether-management/counterbalance system. Four micro-controllers distributed throughout the buoy system control all buoy parameters. An innovative antenna configuration combines several transmit and receive antennas in a smooth mast, which will reduce drag and snagging. Onboard engineering sensors will collect and store voltages, currents, pitch, roll, temperature, and other buoy performance data on a regular basis while the spar is submerged, and will send that information to the user,when RF communication is established Safety features include backup acoustic commands to the buoy and a GPS locator/beacon that will detect and report the spar's position should it break away from its mooring. RP Macha, WR (reprint author), USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RES DEV TEST & EVALUAT DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 186 EP 191 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00032 ER PT B AU Leybourne, BA Cranford, KE Morales, A AF Leybourne, BA Cranford, KE Morales, A GP IEEE TI Moored acoustic Doppler current profiler data reduction and database applications SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB One problem inherent in collecting vast amounts of oceanographic data such as Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) data is processing, editing, and storing these data so that they may be retrieved in a useful form. In this paper we outline the processing phase and discuss the underlying problems associated with preparing a final moored ADCP data set for end users. In this case the end user is the U.S. Navy, and the data may be used in various ways. For most purposes, edited raw data yield vital information on tides, storm surges, and seasonal variations. Another use for these data is to develop and constrain models of basin circulation. For this purpose the data must be further refined by the end user. Processing of raw ADCP data has been useful in obtaining ground truth for ocean circulation models in certain areas of the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. Examples in these areas use processed ADCP data to study movement of pollutants with the motion of the water mass. RP Leybourne, BA (reprint author), USN,OCEANOG OFF,DIV GEOPHYS,STENNIS SPACE CTR,MS 39522, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 280 EP 286 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00049 ER PT B AU Broadhead, MK Pflug, LA AF Broadhead, MK Pflug, LA GP IEEE TI Deconvolution for transient classification using fourth order statistics SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB Considered are numerical experiments involving an exponentially damped harmonic source signature, and underwater acoustics Green's functions (GF's) representing bottom-limited propagation in a wave guide. It has been shown that the fourth order blind deconvolution functional proposed by Wiggins [1] can be used to generate a class of signals from the propagation distorted signature such that one or more members of the class are ''close'' to the original signature. There are obvious applications to improving sonar target classification in the presence of multipath distortion. In this paper it is demonstrated that the algorithm based on the Cabrelli (1984) functional (D-norm) can be implemented in a similar fashion, and that it performs significantly better in the presence of additive noise that does the Wiggins V-norm. RP Broadhead, MK (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,ACOUST DIV,STENNIS SPACE CTR,MS 39529, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 436 EP 440 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00077 ER PT B AU Chan, F Rabe, E AF Chan, F Rabe, E GP IEEE TI A non-linear phase-only algorithm for active sonar signal processing SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB In highly reverberant environments the standard signal processing chain for wideband active sonar may be improved by using a phase-only filter to perform replica correlation. Because of the significant distortion of the signal magnitude spectrum, the phase-only filter performs better in such adverse conditions. RP Chan, F (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,CODE 3422,NEWPORT,RI 02840, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 506 EP 511 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00089 ER PT B AU Rudolph, DK Bernard, LJ AF Rudolph, DK Bernard, LJ GP IEEE TI ''NOVO 21'' - The Naval Oceanographic Office of the 21st century SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB The Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) mission is to collect, process, and distribute products and data to the Department of Defense and other national and international customers. Four milestones in the last four years significantly increased NAVOCEANO's capabilities to carry out this mission. First, the introduction of the Integrated Data Base Management System (IDBMS) in 1994 has provided management of over 150 years of irreplaceable ocean data. Second, when NAVOCEANO was designated one of four Department of Defense Major Shared Resource Centers in 1995, a High Performance Computing Center was established. This Center ranks among the top ten Computing Centers in the world and provides leading-edge processing and storage capability. Third, the introduction of the T-AGS 60 PATHFINDER class multipurpose oceanographic survey ships in 1996 has allowed ''one-stop shopping'' in the coastal and deep waters of the world, onboard data processing, and high-speed data transmissions for rapid characterization of the marine environment. Fourth, the completion of the Surf Eagle project in 1997 will provide the Warfighting Support Center the capability of all-source analysis of high-resolution, digital imagery. Independently these four ''pillars'' represent major milestones. Combined, they support a robust foundation for ''NAVO 21,'' the Naval Oceanographic Office of the 21st Century. This paper discusses the ''NAVO 21'' concept. RP Rudolph, DK (reprint author), USN,OCEANOG OFF,1002 BALCH BLVD,STENNIS SPACE CTR,MS 39522, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 679 EP 685 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00120 ER PT B AU Jarvis, S Janiesch, R Fitzpatrick, K Morrissey, R AF Jarvis, S Janiesch, R Fitzpatrick, K Morrissey, R GP IEEE TI Results from recent sea trials of the underwater digital acoustic telemetry system SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB The Underwater Digital Acoustic Telemetry (UDAT) system is a set of underwater acoustic telemetry modems developed by the Test and Evaluation Department at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division, Newport. The modems were designed to provide robust underwater acoustic communication at throughput data rates of approximately 900 and 1800 bits per second, Since February 1996 the modems have been used in seven exercises in four diverse deep water and shallow water environments. The results from the tests are very encouraging. Continuous, low error transmission has been achieved over many minutes (similar to 20 min.). Detection ranges for the system have exceeded 4 km in shallow water and 8 km in deep water. In January 1997, the acoustic modems were used for continuous, full duplex communications. This paper will review the design of the UDAT system, discuss the results from the field tests, and present the current status of the modems. RP Jarvis, S (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,DIV NEWPORT,NEWPORT,RI 02840, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 702 EP 708 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00125 ER PT B AU Sullivan, EJ AF Sullivan, EJ GP IEEE TI Model-based array processing in a fading channel SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB Model-based processing is a method of including physical models in the processing scheme in order to enhance the performance (smaller error variance) of the processor. The method is based on a state-space approach which leads to Kalman type estimators. A major advantage of this approach is that the stochastic aspects of the problem (system and measurement noise) can be included in a natural way, thereby allowing modeling errors to be accomodated by the processor. In the case of array processing, one can consider several types of signal models: Indeed, in the case of a standard beamformer, the linear phase or time delay progression associated with a particular signal direction or ''beam'' implicitly assumes a plane wave model for the signal. However, the fact that the array is moving is not considered. It has been shown that the inclusion of the array motion in the proper way results in a significantly smaller variance on the bearing error, thereby providing a passive synthetic aperture effect. In this work the model-based method is applied to simulated towed array data in a fading channel. The amplitude of the signal, along with its source frequency and bearing are considered as the elements of a state vector to be estimated in a Kalman type estimation scheme. In this manner, the Kalman filter provides a recursive type of estimator, i.e., an adaptive processor which provides estimates of the relevant parameters, even when they are varying slowly in time. Results are shown where the data were generated with a random (Rayleigh) amplitude. The results show that the processor can track the amplitude variations and render high quality estimates of the bearing angle and source frequency, even at very low signal to noise ratios. RP Sullivan, EJ (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,NEWPORT,RI 02841, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 779 EP 783 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00137 ER PT B AU KamgarParsi, B KamgarParsi, B AF KamgarParsi, B KamgarParsi, B GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI Registration algorithms for geophysical maps SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB Map making surveys conducted underwater, where access to GPS is not available, can incur significant positional inaccuracies. To obtain accurate geophysical maps (e.g. seafloor elevation map, gravity map) for use in high precision navigation, positional inaccuracies need to be corrected by registering overlapping surveys. In this paper, we present an algorithm for automatic registration of overlapping data patches. The matching primitives we use in the registration algorithm are contours of constant field value. This makes it possible to apply the algorithm to regions where map features (peaks, ridges, etc.) are scarce. The basic structure of the algorithm is similar to that developed previously in [7]. The new algorithm, however, improves upon the previous technique in several ways, including a new technique for efficient contour matching and a closed-form solution for the optimum transformation. These improvements make the registration more accurate and computationally less intensive. We demonstrate the efficacy of the algorithm on synthetic gravity data. RP KamgarParsi, B (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, ADV INFORMAT TECHNOL BRANCH, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 974 EP 980 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00169 ER PT B AU Benjamin, KC Walden, AK VanBuren, AL AF Benjamin, KC Walden, AK VanBuren, AL GP IEEE TI Design and development of a constant beamwidth transducer for sub-bottom acoustic profiling SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB The design, fabrication, and acoustic calibration for a new Constant Beamwidth Transducer (CBT) is presented. Although designed for a sub-bottom profiling application, the transducer may be used whenever a spatially constant sound beam is desired over a relatively wide frequency range. The CBT design is based on the theoretical work presented earlier by Van Buren et al. [1] and relies on an axis-symmetric velocity distribution acting over a spherically curved surface. The velocity distribution follows a Legendre shading function that is accomplished by dividing the surface electrode pattern into several discrete concentric rings. Design theory, fabrication, and measured results for a prototype transducer are presented. RP Benjamin, KC (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR DIV,NEWPORT,RI 02841, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 1054 EP 1059 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00183 ER PT B AU Cowen, S Briest, S Dombrowski, J AF Cowen, S Briest, S Dombrowski, J GP IEEE TI Underwater docking of autonomous undersea vehicles using optical terminal guidance SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB Missions in which an autonomous undersea vehicle docks with an underwater node for the purpose of battery recharging and/or data transfer greatly increase the scope of potential applications possible with UUV's. Robust and accurate vehicle guidance to a small, simple and reliable docking structure is a critical capability which must be developed in order to achieve this end. This paper describes a simple but highly effective underwater vehicle guidance scheme which is based upon an optical quadrant tracker which locks onto a visible light source located at the dock in the same manner as a Sidewinder air-to-air missile tracks its target in air. An optical terminal guidance system based upon this concept was developed by NRaD. Optical guidance and docking was demonstrated using two autonomous underwater vehicles: a SeaGrant Odyssey IIB and the NRaD Flying plug. The optical docking system was demonstrated to be accurate and robust for vehicle terminal guidance during field operations and provided targeting accuracy on the order of 1 centimeter under real-world conditions, even in turbid bay water. Such a system is projected to provide reliable terminal vehicle guidance to an underwater dock from a maximum acquisition range of approximately 100 meters in typical continental shelf ocean water. RP Cowen, S (reprint author), USN,CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT&E DIV,ADV CONCEPTS BRANCH,SAN DIEGO,CA, USA. NR 0 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 1143 EP 1147 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00199 ER PT B AU Howarth, TR Ting, RY AF Howarth, TR Ting, RY GP IEEE TI Development of a broadband underwater sound projector SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB An underwater sound projector has been recently developed for operation over a decade long frequency range. The output of the projector has been designed for 10 kHz to 100 kHz operation on an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). The transducer is resonant at 100 kHz but has been designed to deliver high sound pressure levels without impedance or phase instabilities. The transducer features the first successful stacking of 1-3 piezocomposite materials. The selection of the 1-3 piezocomposite materials has resulted in the mode-free sound output while the stacking arrangement permits acoustic operation with twice the sound output at half the resonance frequency of a single layer. The stacking is done mechanically in series and electrically in parallel with the center electrode as the positive plane. Furthermore, the center electrode has been segmented into four individual elements such that combinations of the sectors offer the ability to access nine different apertures. RP Howarth, TR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,ACOUST DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 1195 EP 1201 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00210 ER PT B AU Jenne, KE Ivey, LE AF Jenne, KE Ivey, LE GP IEEE TI Design of a hydrophone array for littoral waters SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc RP Jenne, KE (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,CODE 2161,1176 HOWELL ST,NEWPORT,RI 02841, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 1202 EP 1202 PG 1 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00211 ER PT B AU Rochon, GL Luong, PV Costolo, JH Ruby, G Goon, LA AF Rochon, GL Luong, PV Costolo, JH Ruby, G Goon, LA GP IEEE TI Three-dimensional visualization of oceanographic data: A case study of the Gulf of Mexico's coastal interface with Texas and Louisiana SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc C1 USN,OCEANOG OFF,STENNIS SPACE CTR,MS 39522. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 1209 EP 1209 PG 1 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00213 ER PT B AU Head, MEM Luong, P Costolo, JH Countryman, K Szczechowski, C AF Head, MEM Luong, P Costolo, JH Countryman, K Szczechowski, C GP IEEE TI Applications of 3-D visualizations of oceanographic data bases SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB Creative use of two-dimensional (2-D) techniques in oceanographic data analysis has proven sufficient for many tasks of analysis, review, and planning. Often, however, a greater understanding of a data set and reduced analysis time can be achieved by supplementing traditional methods with three-dimensional (3-D) visualization and display techniques. Virtual-environment visualization of 3-D surfaces offers a means to review large ocean areas rapidly as a component of oceanographic data base verification and validation. For this paper, 3-D temperature, salinity, and density surfaces are combined with high-resolution models of seafloor bathymetry and supplemented with retrievable alphanumeric markups such as latitudes and longitudes and point values of displayed parameters. These visualizations can enhance considerably the oceanographer's ability to detect and analyze features within the data sets. Applications to quality control of oceanographic data bases and modeled oceanographic fields are described and illustrated. Oceanographic fields for the examples are drawn from the Generalized Digital Environmental Model (GDEM) and the Modular Ocean Data Assimilation System(MODAS). Other potential applications described include sound-speed and density surfaces and oceanographic-feature displays for training, planning, and rehearsal as well as tactical displays for overall improved situational awareness. Examples presented may be viewed and navigated using electro-optical 3-D eyewear in the Commander, Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command booth. RP Head, MEM (reprint author), USN,OCEANOG OFF,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 1210 EP 1215 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00214 ER PT B AU Todd, MD Vohra, ST Leban, F AF Todd, MD Vohra, ST Leban, F GP IEEE TI Dynamical measurements of ship crane load pendulation SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB Logistics operations such as ship-to-ship cargo transfer on the high seas can be impaired by dangerous crane load oscillations induced by the prevailing sea state. In efforts to measure and characterize the ship and crane load motions for potential control algorithm identification, a system of fiber optic (FO) high-performance, low-frequency accelerometers and an optical radar are used. Data from these subsytems are concatenated, controlled, and analyzed in the LabVIEW(TM) virtual instrument environment. A 1:24 scale model test of the cargo transfer scenario was conducted, and some results from a preliminary ''dry'' test are presented in this work. Results indicate the existence of relatively long transient dynamics modes and complex chaotic behavior in a region near primary crane load swing resonance. Brief mention is also given of a phase-sensitive detection technique that can be used to analyze the data. RP Todd, MD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5673,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 1230 EP 1236 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00217 ER PT B AU Bunce, JA AF Bunce, JA GP IEEE TI Multibeam seabed topographic classification SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB The Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) conducts military oceanographic surveys that provide environmental products to the U.S. Navy. To meet these requirements, all NAVOCEANO survey ships have transitioned from single-beam echosounders to both shallow-and deep-water multibeam sonar systems. Digital seabed classification technology has proven successful with single-beam sonar systems. The vast efficiency achieved with multibeam systems necessitates the transition to a multibeam seabed classification system. This paper describes the adaptation of a single-beam-based classification system to a swath format. The conclusion of this study is that multibeam sonar can be used for seabed classification and can provide a real-time seabed classification for a broad range of hydrographic, environmental, and military operations. RP Bunce, JA (reprint author), USN,OCEANOG OFF,STENNIS SPACE CTR,MS 39522, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 1260 EP 1265 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00222 ER PT B AU Gauthier, E Peterson, T Marino, A AF Gauthier, E Peterson, T Marino, A GP IEEE TI Acoustic testing dockside & at sea of the last American SASS SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB The US Navy Multibeam Bathymetric Sonar known as the Sonar A-ray Survey System, SASS, was installed and successfully operated by NAVOCEANO on the USNS Wyman since 1989. This paper describes unique testing dockside at Souda Bay Crete, and also at sea in the Mediterranean prior to its final SURVOPS the latter part of 1996. A special test frame, allowing acoustic evaluation dockside of individual hydrophones and projectors was designed, fabricated on board, and positioned by divers during the testing at various points along the array domes on the Wyman's hull. The purpose of the tests was to determine if any possible deterioration of the transducers had taken place over the years, because although the latest hardware and software designs were always incorporated into the SASS electronics, the transducers stayed the same. A calibrated NRL Test Transducer was used as both a hydrophone, and as a projector to measure the Transmitted Voltage Response (TVR), and the Sensitivity of the projector and hydrophones respectively, and the effect any excess attenuation caused by possible debris in the domes and growth on the windows may have had. The special test frame, constructed of plywood and 2x3's, was designed to straddle the projector dome and hold the NRL test transducer about 1 meter away from the projectors. The transducer was located at the end of a moveable arm which could be pinned in position at 0, 30, 45, and 60 degree angles from the projectors. It was at first believed that a floatation device such as an inner tube, or inverted barrels filled with air would be required to float and hold the frame against the dome. As it turned out the buoyancy of the frame itself was sufficient, and weights were required to sink the frame. The weights were then removed allowing the frame to float tightly up and around the dome and were re-attached whenever the test frame had to be moved. Tests at sea were aimed at investigating the effect losing several hydrophone channels had on the wide swath coverage of SASS, and if improvements in coverage could be effected through installation of recently designed noise reduction software. The theory behind the software design is discussed, and the results of both the dockside and at sea testing is presented. Although there is,currently no American SASS, the system is alive and well with the latest improvements aboard the UK's HMS Scott. Much of what was learned from these last Wyman tests has been incorporated into the Scott system. The success of the Wyman dockside transducer evaluations at Souda Bay demonstrates the value of relatively inexpensive procedures which is especially important during these days of reduced government funding. RP Gauthier, E (reprint author), USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RTD&E DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 1347 EP 1352 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00237 ER PT B AU Dotson, KL Roberts, GE AF Dotson, KL Roberts, GE GP IEEE TI Synthetic Environment Tactical Integration Virtual Torpedo Project SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc AB Fiscal realities and a reprioritization of United States (US) military spending have demanded that all systems and capabilities be fully exploited through an effective and efficient development, testing, training and operations continuum. To the US submarine community, this has meant that the traditional isolationist culture had to change, new and novel data communications technologies were required and all available resources and technologies had to be fully exploited for development, testing, training, and operation. Until recently, however, submarine communications systems and architectures were ill equipped to handle data and communications links required to support most resource sharing. With the recent advances in submarine communications systems, the time is at hand to implement this critical element of the new US military paradigm. The Naval Undersea Warfare Center's Synthetic Environment Tactical Integration (SETT) Virtual Torpedo Project (VTP) utilizes new and innovative communications capabilities to provide a resource sharing capability to the submarine offering a high fiscal and capability payoff. VTP provides operational submarines with real-time access to high fidelity torpedo simulations of the US Navy's undersea Weapons Analysis Facility (WAF). The WAF is a Hardware-In-The-Loop (HITL) facility offering extremely high fidelity torpedo engagement capability with full interactivity with the firing platform. Novel submarine communications capabilities are incorporated into VTP to allow for bi-directional data flow with up to two submarines at depth and speed. Additionally, hardware independent software (Java language) and a related downloadable client architecture are being developed to provide interoperability and reuse across the US Department of Defense (DoD) test and training infrastructure. Recent tests and demonstrations such as Synthetic Theater of War - Europe (STOW-E) have implemented the capability to intermingle real and virtual worlds. However, the utility of these synthetic environments and the ability to; provide such a capability economically for day-to-day use, in an undersea domain, has yet to be demonstrated. Through the use of state of the art underwater communications systems, innovative information compression methods and a Java based Infrastructure, VTP addresses all of these issues and will provide a day-to-day virtual torpedo capability at a twenty-to-one (20:1) cost reduction over recoverable exercise torpedoes. RP Dotson, KL (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR DIV,NEWPORT,RI 02840, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 1431 EP 1436 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00252 ER PT B AU Fell, PJ AF Fell, PJ GP IEEE TI World geodetic system 1984 - A summary of enhancements through the development of the new geopotential model EGM96 SO OCEANS '97 MTS/IEEE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Oceans 97 MTS/IEEE Conference CY OCT 06-09, 1997 CL HALIFAX, CANADA SP IEEE Ocean Engn Soc, Marine Technol Soc C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN,VA 22448. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-4108-2 PY 1997 BP 1504 EP 1504 PG 1 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Geology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BJ68T UT WOS:A1997BJ68T00265 ER PT J AU Buss, AH Rosenblatt, MJ AF Buss, AH Rosenblatt, MJ TI Activity delay in stochastic project networks SO OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NET PRESENT VALUE; CASH FLOWS; PROGRAMMING APPROACH; PERT NETWORKS; MAXIMIZE AB In this paper we deal with a stochastic project network and consider the impact of activity delay to maximize the expected present value of a project. It is shown that in certain situations, delaying the onset of an activity from its earliest start time can indeed increase the present value of a project due to the postponing of associated negative cash flows. Furthermore, a project that could otherwise be rejected (negative expected present value) may become profitable (positive expected present value) due to delay. We demonstrate that even activities on the critical path, as determined by each activity's expected duration, may be profitably delayed. Optimal and approximate procedures are developed to determine the amount of delay of the various activities. C1 TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. WASHINGTON UNIV,ST LOUIS,MO 63130. RP Buss, AH (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93940, USA. NR 24 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU INST OPERATIONS RESEARCH MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PI LINTHICUM HTS PA 901 ELKRIDGE LANDING RD, STE 400, LINTHICUM HTS, MD 21090-2909 SN 0030-364X J9 OPER RES JI Oper. Res. PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 45 IS 1 BP 126 EP 139 DI 10.1287/opre.45.1.126 PG 14 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA WV678 UT WOS:A1997WV67800011 ER PT J AU Derick, RJ Robin, AL Walters, TR Barnebey, HS Choplin, N Schuman, J Kelley, EP Chen, KK Stoecker, JF AF Derick, RJ Robin, AL Walters, TR Barnebey, HS Choplin, N Schuman, J Kelley, EP Chen, KK Stoecker, JF TI Brimonidine tartrate - A one-month dose response study SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTRAOCULAR-PRESSURE; APRACLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE; LASER TRABECULOPLASTY; EFFICACY; GLAUCOMA; THERAPY; TIMOLOL AB Background: Brimonidine tartrate is a relatively selective alpha(2)-agonist that effectively reduces mean intraocular pressure (IOP) and the incidence of IOP spikes after laser trabeculoplasty. The authors were interested in evaluating the dose response of brimonidine when applied topically for a longer duration in patients with elevated IOPs. Methods: The authors conducted a 1-month, multicentered, double-masked, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel clinical study in 194 patients with ocular hypertension or glaucoma (mean IOP, 25.6 +/- 3.2 mmHg). The authors administered three concentrations of brimonidine (0.08%, 0.2%, and 0.5%) or placebo bilaterally every 12 hours for 1 month. The authors evaluated the following parameters: IOP, heart rate, blood pressure, visual acuity, pupil size, basal tear secretion as well as patient comfort at baseline, day 1, week 1, week 3, and week 4. Results: All concentrations of brimonidine significantly reduced IOP, compared to baseline and placebo, at all follow-up visits. Maximum mean IOP decreases from baseline of 20.8%, 27.2%, and 30.1% were observed for the 0.08%, 0.20%, and 0.5% treatment groups, respectively. On days 1 and 21, the 0.2% and 0.5% treatment groups exhibited significantly greater IOP decreases than did the 0.08% group. After the initial steep decline in IOP, the effect decreased slightly and stabilized at day 14 at the level that was maintained throughout the study. The most frequent side effects reported were fatigue and dry mouth. No significant changes in heart rate were reported. Statistically significant decreases in mean blood pressure without clinical symptoms were observed within the 0.2% and 0.5% treatment groups. Conclusion: Brimonidine 0.2% is well tolerated, efficacious, and shows potential as an agent in the long-term treatment of elevated IOP. C1 SINAI HOSP,BALTIMORE,MD 21215. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV HOSP,WILMER EYE INST,BALTIMORE,MD 21287. USN HOSP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. NEW ENGLAND EYE CTR,BOSTON,MA. ALLERGAN PHARMACEUT INC,IRVINE,CA 92715. RI Schuman, Joel/K-7304-2012; OI Schuman, Joel/0000-0002-8885-3766; Robin, Alan/0000-0003-1959-8770 NR 19 TC 80 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD JAN PY 1997 VL 104 IS 1 BP 131 EP 136 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA WE575 UT WOS:A1997WE57500034 PM 9022117 ER PT B AU Prather, DW Levitt, HL Alexander, EM Marrian, CR Spezio, AE AF Prather, DW Levitt, HL Alexander, EM Marrian, CR Spezio, AE BE Casasent, DP Chao, TH TI Diffractive optical devices for spatial image separation SO OPTICAL PATTERN RECOGNITION VIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical Pattern Recognition VIII CY APR 22-23, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE diffractive optical element; DOE; spatial image separator; channelized; receiver AB Efficient diffractive optical element (DOE) spatial image separator devices that segment an image and redirect corresponding regions to independent photodetectors are presented. These devices constitute a compact single-element alternative to prism arrays or reflective wedge arrays. DOE's with micron features are fabricated using conventional microlithography techniques amenable to low-cost production. The system application described is a high-speed RF phase measurement processor for the NRL Channelized Direction Finding (CDF) receiver. This paper describes the design, fabrication, analysis, and empirical measurements of a 3 segment and 15 segment diffractive spatial image separator. RP Prather, DW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2488-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3073 BP 421 EP 429 DI 10.1117/12.270391 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA BH52H UT WOS:A1997BH52H00044 ER PT J AU Lin, HB Campillo, AJ AF Lin, HB Campillo, AJ TI Microcavity enhanced Raman gain SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID WHISPERING-GALLERY MODES; DIELECTRIC MICROSPHERES; OPTICAL CAVITIES; SCATTERING; MICRODROPLETS; SPECTRUM; EMISSION; LASERS AB The cavity QED behavior of stimulated Raman gain within a droplet microcavity was experimentally investigated. Stimulated Raman scattering thresholds were measured as a function of microdroplet size and composition. Gain enhancements were estimated by comparing measured thresholds to reported values for liquid core fibers having equivalent interaction lengths. The resulting gain enhancement was found to vary inversely with the homogeneous linewidth of the various liquids studied as well as the inverse of the mode volume of the cavity resonance. Enhancements as large as 500 +/- 300 were observed in carbon disulfide, the species with the narrowest linewidth examined. RP Lin, HB (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,OPT PHYS BRANCH,CODE 5610,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 20 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD JAN 1 PY 1997 VL 133 IS 1-6 BP 287 EP 292 DI 10.1016/S0030-4018(96)00414-2 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA VY132 UT WOS:A1997VY13200055 ER PT J AU Bashkansky, M Duncan, MD Kahn, M Lewis, D Reintjes, J AF Bashkansky, M Duncan, MD Kahn, M Lewis, D Reintjes, J TI Subsurface defect detection in ceramics by high-speed high-resolution optical coherent tomography SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY AB We use optical coherence tomography with a new configuration to determine the size and location of subsurface defects in solid ceramic and composite ceramic materials. Cross-sectional subsurface regions either parallel or perpendicular to the surface were examined. We present experimental results showing that the size and distribution of small subsurface defects can be determined with depth and lateral resolutions of 10 and 4 mu m, respectively. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America RP Bashkansky, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 14 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 1997 VL 22 IS 1 BP 61 EP 63 DI 10.1364/OL.22.000061 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA WC674 UT WOS:A1997WC67400021 PM 18183103 ER PT B AU Anderson, GW Chipman, LE Kub, FJ Park, D Frankel, MY Carruthers, TF Modolo, JA Hobart, KD Katzer, DS AF Anderson, GW Chipman, LE Kub, FJ Park, D Frankel, MY Carruthers, TF Modolo, JA Hobart, KD Katzer, DS BE Park, YS Ramaswamy, RV TI GaAs metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector mixers for microwave single sideband modulation SO OPTOELECTRONIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Conference on Optoelectronic Integrated Circuits CY FEB 12-14, 1997 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP USN, Off Naval Res, Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy DE single sideband modulation; photodetectors; GaAs MSM photodiodes; optical single sideband modulator AB A new optical technique for microwave single sideband modulation is reported. It uses metal-semiconductor-metal Schottky photodiodes formed in a GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As materials system to detect microwave in-phase and quadrature signals on optical carriers. Modulation of the photodetector bias voltages results in a single sideband modulation of the microwave signal. rf and and undesired-sideband suppression of 36 dB and 27 dB, respectively, were achieved. The optical wavelength was 850 nm, and the bandwidth of the photodetectors is greater than or equal to 29 GHz. RP Anderson, GW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Katzer, D. Scott/N-7841-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2417-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3006 BP 68 EP 73 DI 10.1117/12.264204 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BH15A UT WOS:A1997BH15A00008 ER PT B AU Lindsay, G Chafin, A Gratz, R Hollins, R Nadler, M Nickel, E StengerSmith, J Yee, R Herman, W Ashley, P AF Lindsay, G Chafin, A Gratz, R Hollins, R Nadler, M Nickel, E StengerSmith, J Yee, R Herman, W Ashley, P BE Park, YS Ramaswamy, RV TI High performance electro-optic polymers for high frequency modulators SO OPTOELECTRONIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Conference on Optoelectronic Integrated Circuits CY FEB 12-14, 1997 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP USN, Off Naval Res, Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy AB New thermally stable, spin-castable, electro-optic (EO) polymers designed for high frequency optical modulators are reported (the third generation accordion polymers). The softening temperature (the glass transition temperature) is about 240 degrees C, and the upper limit on short term thermal baking stability is about 320 degrees C. The refractive index at 1.3 microns is about 1.73 and fairly birefringent. The second-order nonlinear optic coefficient, d(33), of a second generation accordion polymer containing essentially the same chromophore, measured by second-harmonic generation at 1.06 microns, is 120 pm/V (resonance enhanced by the 495 nm absorption). Measurement of the electro-optic coefficient, r(33), is in progress. The added thermal stability in these polymers is due to the all-aryl amine electron donor. The molecular topology of the polymer backbone makes it possible for over 85 weight percent of the bulk material to be comprised of EO-active chromophore. The chromophores are configured in a head-to-head mainchain topology. The films are completely amorphous (no microcrystalline scattering sites). RP Lindsay, G (reprint author), USN,NAWCWPNS 4B2200D,1 ADM CIR,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2417-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3006 BP 390 EP 396 DI 10.1117/12.264248 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BH15A UT WOS:A1997BH15A00042 ER PT S AU Kub, FJ Anderson, GW Alexander, EM Frankel, MY Kang, JU AF Kub, FJ Anderson, GW Alexander, EM Frankel, MY Kang, JU BE Wang, SY Park, YS TI Large-length, high-speed, discrete silicon photodetectors for coherent optical processing SO OPTOELECTRONIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Optoelectronic Integrated Circuits II Conference (OEIC II) CY JAN 28-30, 1998 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE large-length photodetectors; high-speed photodetectors; silicon photodetectors; heterodyne photodetectors; coherent optical processing AB Silicon photodiodes with active area dimensions of l-mm and 5-mm lengths and approximate to 30-mu m width fabricated by a standard, 2-mu m complimentary metal-oxide-silicon process have been used in a coherent optical processing system with ac coupling. The effective bandwidth of the detectors as measured in the coherent optical test arrangement was > 1.25 GHz, and it is estimated that the actual bandwidth of the detectors as used in such a system may be 5 GHz, where ac coupling removes the effects of the full widths at half maximum and of the fall times of the detectors on the test arrangement response. Photodetector rise times in response to impulse optical excitation at 810-nm wavelength were of the order of 100 ps. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kub, FJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Kang, Jin/A-3228-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-2729-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3290 BP 57 EP 62 DI 10.1117/12.298263 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BK25Z UT WOS:000071633100007 ER PT J AU Chen, RF Chadwick, DB Lieberman, SH AF Chen, RF Chadwick, DB Lieberman, SH TI The application of time-resolved spectrofluorometry to measuring benthic fluxes of organic compounds SO ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry CY SEP 04-08, 1995 CL DONOSTIA, SPAIN SP Board European Assoc Organ Geochemists (EAOG) DE benthic fluxes; fiber-optic fluorometry; DOC; fluorescence spectroscopy; PAH ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; INTERSTITIAL WATERS; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; SURFACE WATERS; NORTH PACIFIC; FLUORESCENCE; CARBON; MATTER; LASER AB A fiber-optic fluorometry system is used in conjunction with a benthic flux chamber in an attempt to estimate fluxes of dissolved organic carbon (DOG) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in situ from coastal marine sediments. These initial deployments in San Diego Bay demonstrate the usefulness of laser-induced fluorescence measurements for continuous DOC determinations and reveal the possibility of using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy to estimate PAH concentrations. DOC fluxes from these contaminated sediments are high and may be a result of chamber contamination or may be associated with easily resuspended sediment particles. Sediment fluorescence profiles are also discussed. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,CHEM & BIOCHEM BRANCH,SAN DIEGO,CA 92151. RP Chen, RF (reprint author), UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,ENVIRONM SCI PROGRAM,100 MORRISSEY BLVD,BOSTON,MA 02125, USA. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0146-6380 J9 ORG GEOCHEM JI Org. Geochem. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 26 IS 1-2 BP 67 EP 77 DI 10.1016/S0146-6380(96)00154-4 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA XE807 UT WOS:A1997XE80700009 ER PT S AU Daly, GM Murata, H Merritt, CD Miller, M Kafafi, ZH Inada, H Shirota, Y AF Daly, GM Murata, H Merritt, CD Miller, M Kafafi, ZH Inada, H Shirota, Y BE Kafafi, ZH TI Enhanced performance of molecular organic light emitting diodes on polyester substrates SO ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING MATERIALS AND DEVICES SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices CY JUL 30-AUG 01, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers AB Enhanced performance has been observed for molecular organic light emitting diodes (MOLEDs) consisting of two to four organic layers sequentially vacuum vapor deposited onto patterned indium-tin oxide (ITO) on polyester (PET) films. For the device structures studied, the performance of diodes fabricated on polyester is comparable to or better than their analogs on glass substrates. For example, at 100 A/m(2), a luminous power efficiency of 4.4 lm/W and external quantum yield of 2.7% is observed for a device structure consisting of two hole transport layers, a doped emitting layer and an electron transport layer on a polyester substrate. The same device made on a glass substrate has a luminous power efficiency of 3.5 lm/W and external quantum yield of 2.3%. The enhanced performance of the plastic MOLEDs is attributed to increased optical output coupling. Electrical and optical performance for comparative device structures has been characterized by current-voltage-luminance measurements and electroluminescence spectra, and ITO surface morphology has been studied by Atomic Force Microscopy. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Daly, GM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Murata, Hideyuki/J-8453-2012 OI Murata, Hideyuki/0000-0001-8248-9652 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-2570-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3148 BP 393 EP 400 DI 10.1117/12.295547 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Optics SC Chemistry; Optics GA BK34P UT WOS:000071859600044 ER PT S AU Murata, H Merritt, CD Kafafi, ZH Tokuhisa, H Tsutsui, T AF Murata, H Merritt, CD Kafafi, ZH Tokuhisa, H Tsutsui, T BE Kafafi, ZH TI Emission mechanism in molecularly doped light-emitting diodes SO ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING MATERIALS AND DEVICES SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices CY JUL 30-AUG 01, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers AB The emission mechanism of rubrene doped molecular organic light-emitting diodes (MOLEDs) is discussed in terms of energy transfer and direct carrier recombination at the dopant. The emission mechanism is investigated by using single layer devices composed of 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnapthacene (rubrene) as the dopant and N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-bis(3-melhylphenyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine (TPD) as the host. Efficient energy transfer from TPD to rubrene is observed by photoluminescence spectroscopy. Carrier trapping by rubrene is suggested by current-voltage and drift mobility measurements of the doped and undoped TPD films in single layered devices. It is found that electrons can be injected into the hole transporter, TPD. The spatial distribution of the creation of rubrene excitons is studied by changing the thickness and location of the doped TPD layer in multilayered devices. In rubrene doped TPD, the width of the emission zone extends about 20 nm from the Alq(3) interface. In undoped TPD, the diffusion length of TPD exciton is found to be no wider than 5 nm. The penetration depth of the electron injection into undoped TPD is found to be less than or equal to 5 nm from the Alq(3) interface. By rubrene doping, the penetration depth of electron injection seems to be extended beyond 5 nm. The dominant emission mechanism for rubrene-doped TPD is attributed to the electron-hole recombination on rubrene molecules. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Murata, H (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Murata, Hideyuki/J-8453-2012 OI Murata, Hideyuki/0000-0001-8248-9652 NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-2570-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3148 BP 401 EP 407 DI 10.1117/12.295548 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Optics SC Chemistry; Optics GA BK34P UT WOS:000071859600045 ER PT J AU Clark, WB Brook, I Bianki, D Thompson, DH AF Clark, WB Brook, I Bianki, D Thompson, DH TI Microbiology of otitis externa SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIOLOGY; MEDIA AB Microbiologic and clinical data from 26 patients with otitis externa were prospectively evaluated. Specimens were processed for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Bacterial growth was noted in 23 specimens. A total of 33 aerobic and 2 anaerobic bacteria were recovered. Aerobic bacteria only were isolated in 21 (91%) patients, anaerobic bacteria only in 1 (4%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in 1 (4%). The most common isolates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa(14 instances), Staphylococcus aureus(7), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (2), Proteus mirabilis (2), Enterococcus faecalis (2), Bacteroides fragilis(1), and Peptostreptococcus magnus(1). One isolate was recovered in 13 (57%) patients, 2 isolates in 8 (35%), and 3 isolates in 2 (9%). These data illustrate the polymicrobial nature of otitis externa in about half of the patients and the role of anaerobic bacteria in 8% of them. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the therapeutic implications of these findings. C1 USN HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. USN HOSP,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 16 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 116 IS 1 BP 23 EP 25 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(97)70346-2 PG 3 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA WE761 UT WOS:A1997WE76100005 PM 9018252 ER PT J AU Dunlevy, TM Wall, MP AF Dunlevy, TM Wall, MP TI Pediatric subacute acetaminophen toxicity SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 99th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 16-20, 1995 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID OVERDOSE; CHILD RP Dunlevy, TM (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,PORTSMOUTH,VA 23708, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 116 IS 1 BP 134 EP 136 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(97)70366-8 PG 3 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA WE761 UT WOS:A1997WE76100027 PM 9018274 ER PT B AU Voigt, RJ Shukla, SB Barton, RJ AF Voigt, RJ Shukla, SB Barton, RJ BE Lai, WS Kobayashi, H TI A cluster-based hierarchical approach to inter-domain multicast SO PERFORMANCE AND CONTROL OF NETWORK SYSTEMS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Performance and Control of Network Systems CY NOV 03-05, 1997 CL DALLAS, TX SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE hierarchical; multicast; video conferencing AB Widespread acceptance and use of the internet requires more efficient utilization of the available bandwidth. Multi-party interactions are increasing with the typical application, such as video conferencing, being high bandwidth with heavy user interaction. The first generation of multicast protocols are based on the formation of one or more routing delivery trees for a specified number of participants who are identified by a single group address. This address space, known as a class ''D'' address, is a flat, global address space with no initial scope or scaling boundaries. Recent efforts have introduced administrative scoping and hierarchies to address the these problems, however, the logical inherent hierarchy used by the unicast routing protocols to assist in route aggregation (a scaling issue) does not apply to multicast. Aggregation of multiple unicast entities has already occurred through the use of the multicast address. Aggregation of multiple multicast addresses implies a priori knowledge of the locations of the members across groups resulting in an undesirable implementation. We propose a solution to the scaling and scope control problems using a cluster based hierarchical multicast architecture which pre-supposes no underlying unicast protocol. We provide solutions to the construction of delivery trees, scalability and scope control problems which is not overly complex. We characterize the path length performance of this solution and. back up the analysis through simulations. RP Voigt, RJ (reprint author), USN,BUPERS SDC,POB 16134,ARLINGTON,VA 22215, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2664-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3231 BP 113 EP 126 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Optics; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Optics; Telecommunications GA BJ78Y UT WOS:A1997BJ78Y00011 ER PT J AU Mushrush, GW Stalick, WM Beal, EJ Basu, SC Slone, JE Cummings, J AF Mushrush, GW Stalick, WM Beal, EJ Basu, SC Slone, JE Cummings, J TI The synthesis of acetals and ketals of the reduced sugar mannose as fuel system icing inhibitors. SO PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The current fuel system icing inhibitor additives used in both the military and commercial airlines are ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) and diethylene glycol monomethyl ether (DiEGME). These deicing compounds are toxic at the concentrations that are required for effective deicing. When fuel system Sumps, filters and storage tanks are drained, they contain EGME/DiEGME and create a personnel hazard. Acetals and ketals of reduced sugars represent viable alternatives to glycol based additives. They are inexpensive, fuel stable for at least one year and show similar icing inhibitor characteristics. This paper summarizes the synthesis and fuel studies for these compounds. C1 GEORGE MASON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. NAVAL AIR WARFARE CTR,TRENTON,NJ 08628. RP Mushrush, GW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,FUELS SECT,NAVY TECHNOL CTR SAFETY & SURVIVABIL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 6 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 1091-6466 J9 PET SCI TECHNOL JI Pet. Sci. Technol. PY 1997 VL 15 IS 3-4 BP 237 EP 244 DI 10.1080/10916469708949654 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA WU784 UT WOS:A1997WU78400002 ER PT J AU Morris, RE PruittMentle, D Black, BH Malhotra, R AF Morris, RE PruittMentle, D Black, BH Malhotra, R TI The impact of [60]fullerene on jet fuel stability SO PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER; C60; BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE; FULLERENES; SOLVENTS; C-60 AB The use of Buckminsterfullerene (C-60) has been investigated as a jet fuel deposit inhibitor. Based on deposit reductions observed in accelerated storage stability tests of marine diesel fuels, it was hoped that fullerenes would produce similar reductions in thermal deposits. It was found, however, that the most profound impact of the fullerene was to photosensitize the fuel towards formation of high levels of hydroperoxides. Although this may not necessarily be occurring via free radical autoxidation, the rapid formation of hydroperoxides would constitute a likely autoxidation initiator. C1 GEOCENTERS INC, FT WASHINGTON, MD 20744 USA. SRI INT, MOL PHYS LAB, MENLO PK, CA 94025 USA. RP Morris, RE (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, TECHNOL CTR SAFETY & SURVIVABIL, CODE 6181, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. OI Malhotra, Ripudaman/0000-0003-0808-8177 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 1091-6466 J9 PET SCI TECHNOL JI Pet. Sci. Technol. PY 1997 VL 15 IS 3-4 BP 381 EP 396 DI 10.1080/10916469708949665 PG 16 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA WU784 UT WOS:A1997WU78400013 ER PT J AU Mushrush, GW Beal, EJ Slone, JE Morgan, A Berhane, MK AF Mushrush, GW Beal, EJ Slone, JE Morgan, A Berhane, MK TI A model study of the oxidation of undecylenic acid by tert-butyl hydroperoxide: Fuel instability reactions SO PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISTILLATE AB The subject of fuel instability reactions is usually complicated in that no one species is entirely responsible. Thus multi-component model systems need to be employed to simplify the study of alternate mechanisms and pathways. If the system is too complicated, the reaction pathways are too varied and complicated to discern. Additionally, the suite of heteroatoms present in a finished fuel depends on the source of the crude. Model systems thus represent a reasonable alternative. The model system employed in this study consists of tert-butyl hydroperoxide, and undecylenic acid in benzene solvent. Although radical mechanisms are complex, the slate of products was explainable by a few competing reactions. C1 USN,RES LAB,TECHNOL CTR SAFETY & SURVIVABIL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Mushrush, GW (reprint author), GEORGE MASON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,FAIRFAX,VA 22030, USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 1091-6466 J9 PET SCI TECHNOL JI Pet. Sci. Technol. PY 1997 VL 15 IS 5-6 BP 397 EP 408 DI 10.1080/10916469708949666 PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA XD038 UT WOS:A1997XD03800001 ER PT J AU Mushrush, GW Beal, EJ Hardy, DR Rosenberg, SM AF Mushrush, GW Beal, EJ Hardy, DR Rosenberg, SM TI The purification and analytical determination of tert-butyl hydroperoxide for fuel instability studies SO PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEPOSIT FORMATION AB The most reactive oxygen compounds present in any fuel are the various alkyl and aromatic hydroperoxides that form by chemical reactions from dissolved molecular oxygen. When peroxide species are added as dopants in fuel oxidation studies, anhydrous peroxides are usually required. Anhydrous peroxide species are sensitive to trace quantities of metals, metal ions, and mineral acids. Thus, any peroxide compound should be handled carefully with anhydrous peroxides being especially dangerous. We describe our methods for purifying and analytically determining purity of low molecular weight alkyl hydroperoxides. C1 USN,RES LAB,TECHNOL CTR SAFETY & SURVIVABIL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Mushrush, GW (reprint author), GEORGE MASON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,FAIRFAX,VA 22030, USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 1091-6466 J9 PET SCI TECHNOL JI Pet. Sci. Technol. PY 1997 VL 15 IS 7-8 BP 699 EP 706 DI 10.1080/10916469708949682 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA XR756 UT WOS:A1997XR75600007 ER PT J AU Morris, RE Beal, EJ Mitchell, CS AF Morris, RE Beal, EJ Mitchell, CS TI Impact of red dye on the stability of marine diesel fuels SO PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The use of red dye formulations to identify high sulfur diesel fuels were mandated before their effects on fuel stability had been thoroughly investigated. The effects of the red dye on stability were studied in a group of ten low-and high-sulfur diesel fuels. The red dye was not found to significantly degrade storage stability and thermal oxidation stability of these fuels, beyond normal variations. There were some effects noticed on blending compatibility, but, in general, these were within the range of effects due to fuel composition. C1 GEOCENTERS INC,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20744. RP Morris, RE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,NAVY TECHNOL CTR SAFETY & SURVIVABIL,CODE 6181,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 1091-6466 J9 PET SCI TECHNOL JI Pet. Sci. Technol. PY 1997 VL 15 IS 9-10 BP 907 EP 919 DI 10.1080/10916469708949695 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA YK527 UT WOS:A1997YK52700008 ER PT B AU King, D Ingle, D AF King, D Ingle, D BE Arecchi, AV TI Compact, portable 1064 nm laser system for field calibration of laser detectors SO PHOTOMETRIC ENGINEERING OF SOURCES AND SYSTEMS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Photometric Engineering of Sources and Systems CY JUL 29-30, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE laser standard; metrology; calibration; Nd:YAG laser; laser transmitter AB A rugged, portable Nd:YAG standard has been developed to calibrate Navy laser detectors or systems from 0.05 mj to 120 mj at 1064 nm. The Laser Transmitter Support Standard was designed as a versatile calibration standard for accurate energy and pulsewidth measurements. It has excellent polarization ratio characteristics and can be configured to perform boresight testing. The Class IV laser system was designed to enable eye safe calibrations. The prototype standard has been used in a range of field applications including the calibration of laser transmitter test sets. The paper will explain the performance specifications, capabilities, and uses of the LTSS-1064, as well as the polarization, noise, portability, and safety issues that were overcome. RP King, D (reprint author), USN,WARFARE ASSESSMENT DIV,POB 5000,CORONA,CA 91718, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2562-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3140 BP 68 EP 73 DI 10.1117/12.279231 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA BJ67Q UT WOS:A1997BJ67Q00008 ER PT S AU Lindsay, GA Wynne, KJ StengerSmith, JD Chafin, AP Hollins, RA Roberts, MJ Merwin, LH Herman, WN AF Lindsay, GA Wynne, KJ StengerSmith, JD Chafin, AP Hollins, RA Roberts, MJ Merwin, LH Herman, WN BE Jenekhe, SA Wynne, KJ TI Accordion polymers for nonlinear optical applications SO PHOTONIC AND OPTOELECTRONIC POLYMERS SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Review CT Symposium on Polymers for Advanced Optical Applications, at the Pacific Polymer Conference CY DEC 12-16, 1995 CL KAUAI, HI SP Pacific Polym Federat ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; MAIN-CHAIN; POLED POLYMER; WAVE-GUIDE; FILMS AB The design and synthesis of mainchain polymers with chromophores in the syndioregic (head-to-head) configuration are reviewed, and recent unpublished results are included. Polymers were designed for both electric-field poling and Langmuir-Blodgett-Kuhn (LBK) deposition. Corona poling in the dark was shown to give excellent results for polycinnamamides, whereas poling in room light at elevated temperatures resulted in photo-oxidative degradation. A Mach-Zehnder intensity modulator was fabricated and the measured electro-optic coefficient (r(33)) was 9 pm/V at a wavelength of 1.3 mu m. New mainchain syndioregic polymers containing isomers of phenylene diacetonitrile as bridging groups were synthesized. Preliminary d(33) and r(33) measurements on one promising polymer were close to the expected values. In an alternative approach which avoids electric-field poling polar multilayer -(AB)(n)-films were fabricated by the LBK technique. Two complementary amphiphilic polymers were alternatively deposited by Y-type deposition. In Polymer A, the chromophore's electron accepting end is connected to a hydrophobic bridging unit, and its electron donating end is connected to a hydrophilic bridging unit. The converse is true for Polymer B. These multilayer thin films have second order nonlinear optical properties which are stable at ambient temperature in the absence of oxygen. Microstructural information on a 92-bilayer polymer film was obtained from polarized optical measurements. C1 US DEPT NAVY, OFF NAVAL RES, PHYS SCI S&T DIV 331, ARLINGTON, VA 22217 USA. USN, AIR WARFARE CTR, DIV AIRCRAFT, AVION BRANCH, PATUXENT RIVER, MD 20670 USA. RP Lindsay, GA (reprint author), USN, AIR WARFARE CTR, WEAPONS DIV, CHEM & MAT BRANCH, 4B2200D, CHINA LAKE, CA 93555 USA. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3519-8 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1997 VL 672 BP 133 EP 150 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BJ87B UT WOS:A1997BJ87B00010 ER PT S AU Howell, BF deRaaff, A Marino, T AF Howell, BF deRaaff, A Marino, T BE Scranton, AB Bowman, CN Peiffer, RW TI Pigmented coatings cured with visible light SO PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Fundamentals and Applications of Photopolymerization, at the 211th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 24-28, 1996 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Polym Mat, Sci & Engn Inc AB In order to develop an environmentally;friendly, visible light curable, pigmented coating which can be applied for touch up purposes to-minimally prepared steel surfaces, use of photobleaching photoinitiators has been investigated. Additional requirements are that the coating does not yellow during aging and that it can be applied to a cold surface. Photoinitiators containing BAPO [bis(2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl)-2,4,4-trimethylpentyl-phosphine oxide] and DIBF (5,7-diodo-3-butoxy-6-fluorone) were tested, DIBF can initiate curing by free radical reactions as well as by cationic means. It is used with an amine and the cationic photoinitiator OPPI (4-octyloxyphenylphenyl-iodonium hexafluoroantimonate) for radical initiation, but for cationic initiation only OPPI and. DIBF are needed. A cycloaliphatic epoxy has been rapidly cured cationically with this pair and only a small amount (0.1%) of DIBF photoinitiator is required. Performance test results are excellent indicating that through cure has been achieved. C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,ANNAPOLIS DETACHMENT,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. SPECTRA GRP LTD,MAUINEE,OH 43537. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3520-1 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1997 VL 673 BP 219 EP 232 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA BJ91C UT WOS:A1997BJ91C00016 ER PT J AU Singh, DJ AF Singh, DJ TI Magnetic and electronic properties of LiMnO2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; RESISTIVITY; FILMS AB Local spin density approximation calculations are used to elucidate the electronic and magnetic properties of layered LiMnO2. An insulating ground state with magnetic high spin Mn is found, consistent with the distortion of the O octahedra. However, there is Mn 3d-O 2p hybridization, which reduces the spin moment considerably from the nominal Hund's rule value. The magnetic coupling within the MnO2 trilayers is antiferromagnetic and frustrated, while the coupling between trilayers is very weak. This may result in a suppression of long range order down to low temperatures despite the strong intralayer magnetic interactions and resulting magnetic correlations. The results imply that these will be largely one dimensional along the b-axis Mn chains. RP Singh, DJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Singh, David/I-2416-2012 NR 17 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 1 BP 309 EP 312 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.309 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WD788 UT WOS:A1997WD78800055 ER PT J AU Singh, DJ AF Singh, DJ TI Magnetoelectronic effects in pyrochlore Tl2Mn2O7: Role of Tl-O covalency SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; BAND THEORY; TRANSPORT; RESISTIVITY; FILMS; CO AB First principles calculations are used to elucidate the magnetic and electronic structure of pyrochlore Tl2Mn2O7. It is found that the bonding has an important covalent contribution from Tl-O interactions. The high spin ferromagnetic ground state has a very large differentiation between minority and majority spin electronic properties. In particular, the minority spin channel contains a single, nearly spherical high velocity Fermi surface derived from strongly mixed combinations of Tl, Mn, and O orbitals, while the majority spin channel contains three smaller Fermi surfaces with much lower Fermi velocities. The proximity to a band edge in the majority channel may lead to localization of these states if sufficient disorder is present. In any case, highly spin differentiated transport results, with the conduction dominated by the minority channel. RP Singh, DJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Singh, David/I-2416-2012 NR 25 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 1 BP 313 EP 316 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.313 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WD788 UT WOS:A1997WD78800056 ER PT J AU von Hardenberg, J Paparella, F Platt, N Provenzale, A Spiegel, EA Tresser, C AF von Hardenberg, J Paparella, F Platt, N Provenzale, A Spiegel, EA Tresser, C TI Missing motor of on-off intermittency SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID TIME-SERIES; STRANGE ATTRACTORS; DIMENSION; SYSTEMS; CHAOS AB We illustrate the failure of standard algorithms to predict correctly the dimension of some composite maps that produce on-off intermittency. Examination of the phase portraits of some examples suggests that the culprit is a nearly singular density of points close to the origin and we describe ways to refine the algorithms so as to obtain correct results. C1 USN, CTR SURFACE WARFARE, SILVER SPRING, MD 20903 USA. COLUMBIA UNIV, DEPT ASTRON, NEW YORK, NY 10027 USA. IBM CORP, THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR, YORKTOWN HTS, NY 10598 USA. RP von Hardenberg, J (reprint author), CNR, IST COSMOGEOFIS, I-10125 TURIN, ITALY. RI von Hardenberg, Jost/D-1872-2010; OI von Hardenberg, Jost/0000-0002-5312-8070; Paparella, Francesco/0000-0003-1526-970X NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN PY 1997 VL 55 IS 1 BP 58 EP 64 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.55.58 PN A PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA WD545 UT WOS:A1997WD54500013 ER PT J AU Sandberg, WC Obeysekare, U Williams, C Qasba, A AF Sandberg, WC Obeysekare, U Williams, C Qasba, A TI Visualization of shear-induced ordering in atomic liquids SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF LIQUIDS LA English DT Article DE visualization; animation; shear-induced order; NEMD ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SELF-DIFFUSION; FLUIDS AB A visualizaton and animation capability has been extended to provide insights into the short time dynamics in atomic liquids. Non-Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics shear flow simulations have been carried out in several isotopically substituted Lennard-Jones liquids for four shear rates. The results of these simulations have been visualized and animated to show the computed trajectories of selected atoms and the variation in their local environment in a sheared systems. Linear ordering along the direction of shear is seen al the highest shear rate. This ordered structure is inclined in the plane normal to the shear direction. The local environments about chosen atoms are observed to undergo extensive deviation from a spherical shape. C1 USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sandberg, WC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING RG1 8JL, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0031-9104 J9 PHYS CHEM LIQ JI Phys. Chem. Liq. PY 1997 VL 35 IS 2 BP 67 EP + DI 10.1080/00319109708030574 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA ZB474 UT WOS:000072475600001 ER PT B AU Pennella, JJ AF Pennella, JJ BE Malotky, LO Pennellla, JJ TI Department of defense counterdrug technology development of non-intrusive inspection systems SO PHYSICS-BASED TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE DETECTION OF CONTRABAND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Physics-Based Technologies for the Detection of Contraband CY NOV 19-20, 1996 CL BOSTON, MA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NIST, Off Natl Drug Control Policy, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Sandia Natl Labs, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Harris Corp, MITRE Corp, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Natl Inst Justice, US Customs, Fed Bur Investigat, Amer Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, Calif Peace Officers Assoc, Natl Forens Sci Technol Ctr DE non-intrusive inspection; contraband; cocaine; heroin; marijuana; traffickers AB The Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division serves as the Executive Agent for the DoD's Contraband Detection and Cargo Container Inspection Technology Development Program. The goal of the DoD non-intrusive inspection (NII) program is to develop prototype equipment that can be used to inspect containers and vehicles, quickly and in large numbers without unnecessary delays in the movement of legitimate cargo. This paper summarizes the past accomplishments of the program, current status, and future plans. RP Pennella, JJ (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DEV PROGRAM OFF,DEPT DEF COUNTERDRUG TECHNOL,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2338-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2936 BP 2 EP 8 DI 10.1117/12.266256 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BH22B UT WOS:A1997BH22B00001 ER PT B AU Uziel, A Tummala, M AF Uziel, A Tummala, M GP IEEE TI Modeling of low data rate services for mobile ATM SO PIMRC '97 - EIGHTH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PERSONAL, INDOOR AND MOBILE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS: WAVES OF THE YEAR 2000+, TECHNICAL PROGRAM, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications - Waves of the Year 2000+ (PIMRC 97) CY SEP 01-04, 1997 CL HELSINKI, FINLAND SP IEEE Commun Soc, IEEE Commun Chapter Finland, IEEE Finland Sect, IEE, IEICE AB In (macroceli) wireless transmission, the available data rates are much smaller, hence the applications are limited to low bit-rate services. Tn this paper, we discuss modeling schemes for these services and propose new models, which reflect the services to be used in a low bit-rate environment. We define desired QoS requirements over the radio link for these services and present results of a homogeneous-source multiplexer. RP Uziel, A (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3871-5 PY 1997 BP 194 EP 198 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJ70N UT WOS:A1997BJ70N00039 ER PT J AU Engle, IM AF Engle, IM TI Mercury's magnetosphere: Another look SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Mercury - The Planet and Its Magnetosphere CY MAY, 1995 CL IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON, LONDON, ENGLAND SP European Space Agcy, Imperial Coll London, Phys Dept HO IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; SOLAR-WIND AB The measurements made of Mercury's magnetic field during the Mercury I flyby and the Mercury III flyby have been incorporated into models of the Hermean magnetosphere-magnetotail system. When the magnetic field data for the first half of the Mercury I flyby and all of the Mercury III flyby were incorporated pinto a single fit of a scaled version of the Beard (J. Geophys. Res. 84, 2118-2122, 1979) Earth magnetosphere-magnetotail system, a r.m.s. deviation of 9.3 nT for-the magnetic field vector was obtained (Bergan and Engle, J. Geophys. Res. 86, 1617-1620, 1981). This paper presents results of a study that employs an adaptation of that Beard model but also adopts the assumption that the incident solar wind pressure was different at the times of the two Mercury magnetosphere encounters. Resulting different standoff distances and scaling factors for the data of the two respective flybys result directly from that single assumption. The study yields a comparable fit of reduced r.m.s. deviation of 7.1 nT and a strength of the Mercury planetary dipole moment D (before any displacement effects are incorporated) between 154 nT R(M)(3) (Merc 1) and 182 nT R(M)(3), (Merc 3). The corresponding standoff distances are 1.31 R(M) for the Merc 3 encounter and 1.08 R(M) for the Merc 1 encounter. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Engle, IM (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT PHYS,572 HOLLOWAY RD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0032-0633 J9 PLANET SPACE SCI JI Planet Space Sci. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 45 IS 1 BP 127 EP 132 DI 10.1016/S0032-0633(96)00094-3 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WM407 UT WOS:A1997WM40700016 ER PT S AU Harris, HC Dahn, CC Monet, DG Pier, JR AF Harris, HC Dahn, CC Monet, DG Pier, JR BE Habing, HJ Lamers, HJG TI Trigonometric parallaxes of Planetary Nebulae SO PLANETARY NEBULAE SE IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 180th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRONINGEN, NETHERLANDS SP Int Astronom Union, Kapteyn Astronom Inst, Royal Acad Sci, Univ Groningen, Fdn Sci, Board Univ Groningen, Kluwer Publishers ID DISTANCES; CATALOG AB The accuracy of parallaxes obtained with ground-based CCD cameras now often reaches or exceeds 0.5 milliarcseconds. This improved accuracy permits us to measure significant parallaxes and determine distances for the nearest planetary nebulae. At present, the central stars of 11 planetary nebulae have been observed as part of the USNO parallax program. We now have determined distances with accuracies better than 20 percent for four central stars and better than 50 percent for five more. This paper gives the present status of the program, a brief interpretation of the results, and future prospects. C1 USN Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. RP Harris, HC (reprint author), USN Observ, POB 1149, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 BN 0-7923-4892-3 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1997 IS 180 BP 40 EP 45 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BL56K UT WOS:000075895400012 ER PT S AU Hajian, AR Frank, A Balick, B Terzian, Y AF Hajian, AR Frank, A Balick, B Terzian, Y BE Habing, HJ Lamers, HJG TI The dynamics of PNe halos and the timescale correlation distance SO PLANETARY NEBULAE SE IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 180th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRONINGEN, NETHERLANDS SP Int Astronom Union, Kapteyn Astronom Inst, Royal Acad Sci, Univ Groningen, Fdn Sci, Board Univ Groningen, Kluwer Publishers C1 USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55409 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Hajian, AR (reprint author), USN Observ, 3540 Massachussetts Av NW, Washington, DC 20392 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 BN 0-7923-4892-3 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1997 IS 180 BP 47 EP 47 PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BL56K UT WOS:000075895400014 ER PT S AU Balick, B Alexander, J Hajian, A Terzian, Y Perinotto, M Patriarchi, P AF Balick, B Alexander, J Hajian, A Terzian, Y Perinotto, M Patriarchi, P BE Habing, HJ Lamers, HJG TI Narrowband HST images of microstructures in planetary nebulae SO PLANETARY NEBULAE SE IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 180th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRONINGEN, NETHERLANDS SP Int Astronom Union, Kapteyn Astronom Inst, Royal Acad Sci, Univ Groningen, Fdn Sci, Board Univ Groningen, Kluwer Publishers C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Florence, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, CNR, GNA, CGN, I-50125 Florence, Italy. RP Balick, B (reprint author), Univ Washington, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 BN 0-7923-4892-3 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1997 IS 180 BP 208 EP 208 PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BL56K UT WOS:000075895400067 ER PT S AU Hodge, TM Woodward, CE Kelly, DM Fischer, J Greenhouse, MA Satyapal, S Smith, HA Pipher, JL Forrest, WJ AF Hodge, TM Woodward, CE Kelly, DM Fischer, J Greenhouse, MA Satyapal, S Smith, HA Pipher, JL Forrest, WJ BE Habing, HJ Lamers, HJG TI Near-IR emission line imaging of PN SO PLANETARY NEBULAE SE IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 180th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRONINGEN, NETHERLANDS SP Int Astronom Union, Kapteyn Astronom Inst, Royal Acad Sci, Univ Groningen, Fdn Sci, Board Univ Groningen, Kluwer Publishers C1 Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Hodge, TM (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, POB 2905,Univ Stn, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 BN 0-7923-4892-3 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1997 IS 180 BP 237 EP 237 PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BL56K UT WOS:000075895400093 ER PT B AU Germain, M Urban, S Murison, M Seidelmann, PK Johnston, KJ Shao, M Fanson, J Yu, J Davinic, N Rickard, LJ AF Germain, M Urban, S Murison, M Seidelmann, PK Johnston, KJ Shao, M Fanson, J Yu, J Davinic, N Rickard, LJ BE Soderblom, DR TI Fizeau Astrometric Mapping Explorer SO PLANETS BEYOND THE SOLAR SYSTEM AND THE NEXT GENERATION OF SPACE MISSIONS SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Planets beyond the Solar System and the Next Generation of Space Missions CY OCT 16-18, 1996 CL SPACE TELESCOPE SCI INST, BALTIMORE, MD HO SPACE TELESCOPE SCI INST AB The Fizeau Astrometric Mapping Explorer (FAME) is a proposed mid-sized satellite that would measure positions, proper motions, and parallaxes of all stars down to magnitude 15, from an elliptical high-Earth orbit. The estimated positional accuracy with be better than 50 mu arcsec for stars of magnitude 9 and brighter. Colors will also be determined for all stars down to magnitude 10. The payload has been designed to fit within the envelope of a Delta-Lite launch vehicle. The mission would have a lifetime of 2.5 years, and can be launched by the year 2000 with a total cost of $70M. FAME is a multi-institutional collaboration between NRL, JPL, and USNO. The instrumentation and spacecraft bus are under development at JPL and NRL, respectively. Science operations and data analysis are to be carried out at USNO. The principal investigator is Dr. K. Johnston, Scientific Director of the U.S. Naval Observatory. C1 USN Observ, Washington, DC 20390 USA. RP Germain, M (reprint author), USN Observ, Washington, DC 20390 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 1-886733-39-2 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 1997 VL 119 BP 273 EP 276 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK79Z UT WOS:000073439700030 ER PT B AU Nee, SMF Cole, T Yoo, C Burge, D AF Nee, SMF Cole, T Yoo, C Burge, D BE Goldstein, DH Chipman, RA TI Characterization of infrared polarizers SO POLARIZATION: MEASUREMENT, ANALYSIS, AND REMOTE SENSING SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Polarization - Measurement, Analysis, and Remote Sensing CY JUL 30-AUG 01, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE polarizers; infrared; polarization; extinction ratio; depolarization; near-specular scattering; contrast; Mueller matrix AB The three independent characteristics of a polarizer are transmittance, extinction ratio, and cross-polarized scattering. Extinction ratio, depolarization, incoherent near-specular scattering (NSS), and contrasts are mutually dependent.(1) Spectra of transmittance, extinction ratio, depolarization, and contrast for wiregrid polarizers were measured in the 3- to 5-mu m wavelength region using the zones average method developed in Ref. [1]. Good polarizers are hard to find in this region. By putting two polarizers in a series with the polarization axes parallel to each other, the extinction ratio can be improved greatly by the ratio of total NSS to cross-polarized NSS of the rear polarizer. RP Nee, SMF (reprint author), NAVAL AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAP DIV,RES & TECHNOL GRP,PHYS BRANCH,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2543-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3121 BP 213 EP 224 DI 10.1117/12.283858 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BJ78K UT WOS:A1997BJ78K00025 ER PT J AU Purdy, AP Houser, E George, CF AF Purdy, AP Houser, E George, CF TI Lithium dicyanamide, its reactions with cyanuric chloride, and the crystal structures of LiN(CN)(2)(MeCN)(2) and LiCN(C5H5N)(2) SO POLYHEDRON LA English DT Article DE lithium dicyanamide; lithium carbon nitride; carbon nitride; tricyanomelamine; lithium cyanide ID CARBON NITRIDE; NITROGEN; FILMS; DEPOSITION; SOLIDS AB Reactions of dicyanamides with cyanuric chloride were investigated as possible routes to carbon nitrides. Anhydrous lithium dicyanamide (1) was synthesized from NaN(CN)(2) and LiCl in THF. Compound 1 was found to react with cyanuric chloride to form a yellow product, which forms an amorphous lithium-carbon nitride with an approximate formula CN0.7Li0.2 upon thermolysis to 700 degrees C. Upon heating to 1000 degrees C, the product decomposes with the distillation of lithium cyanide. Reactions between cyanuric chloride and trimethylstannyl dicyanamide were also investigated. Lithium dicyanamide was also found to trimerize and polymerize at 280-320 degrees C. Additionally, two Li-C-N complexes were structurally characterized. The bis (acetonitrile) adduct of 1 crystallizes with the lithium atoms linking the cyano nitrogens into infinite Li-N=C-N-C=N-chains, and the bis(pyridine) adduct of LiCN consists of infinite zig-zag -Li-C=N-chains. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Purdy, AP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6120,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 37 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 4 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0277-5387 J9 POLYHEDRON JI Polyhedron PY 1997 VL 16 IS 20 BP 3671 EP 3679 DI 10.1016/S0277-5387(97)00097-1 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA XQ924 UT WOS:A1997XQ92400028 ER PT J AU Buckley, GS Roland, CM AF Buckley, GS Roland, CM TI Reversible optical data storage on poly(ethylene terephthalate) SO POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LASER; MICROLITHOGRAPHY AB A desirable feature of optical data storage processes is that they provide high contrast between the image and background. Thermal marking techniques are inherently advantageous in this regard, because of the nonlinearity of the response, A thermal method for lithography on polymer films has been developed based on selective exposure of the films to infrared laser radiation passing through a mask, Radiation induced crystallization, melting and ablation have been demonstrated with the processes prevailing at different levels of radiation intensity, These methods are capable of producing high resolution images with excellent edge acuity and minimal Interference from diffraction. The absence of diffraction effects is due to the nonlinear response of the polymer film to the radiation. The best resolution obtained to date (submicron) is limited by the size of the smallest features present on the masks used to create the pattern. The ultimate resolution achievable by these methods is presently unknown. RP Buckley, GS (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, DIV CHEM, CODE 6120, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0032-3888 EI 1548-2634 J9 POLYM ENG SCI JI Polym. Eng. Sci. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 37 IS 1 BP 138 EP 142 DI 10.1002/pen.11654 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA WF741 UT WOS:A1997WF74100016 ER PT B AU Lewis, H Grun, C Salkind, A AF Lewis, H Grun, C Salkind, A BE Attewell, A Keily, T TI Cellulosic separator applications: New and improved separators for alkaline rechargeable cells SO POWER SOURCES 16: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN NON-MECHANICAL ELECTRICAL POWER SOURCES SE POWER SOURCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Power Sources Symposium - Research and Development in Non-Mechanical Electrical Power Sources CY APR 21-23, 1997 CL BRIGHTON, ENGLAND SP Int Power Sources Symp Ltd DE cellulosic separators; separators; alkaline rechargeable cells AB A study has been established at Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane Division (NAVSURFWARCENDIV) and Rutgers University to obtain material analysis data on cellulosic separator properties such as tensile strength and swelling of alkaline-soaked film samples, degree of polymerization and crystallinity, cationic and anionic diffusion and penetration rates in alkaline media, and X-ray diffraction for crystallinity. These data are then related to cycle- and wet-life information from model electrochemical cells as a function of separator composition on an alkaline chemistry rechargeable cell set. The first examples used in this program are silver-zinc rechargeable cells of 28 Ah capacity, identical in every respect except for the separator composition, which are being tested in statistically significant numbers under identical temperature and relative humidity conditions, with 45% KOH as the electrolyte. The cycle-life test regime of continuous cycling is: C/5 discharge to 1.30 V, and C/30 and C/60 charge to 2.03 V, while the wet-life test regime includes a 30-day wet-stand at full charge between cycles. At the outset of the cell testing, a baseline cell was selected from each set in the matrix after the so-called formation cycling was complete, and the physical properties of crystallinity, tensile strength, and degree of polymerization were re-measured. Then, at intervals during cycle- and wet-life cycling, and as cells fail the life tests, these properties will be measured again for selected cells. In this way a correlation will be established between separator life under charge/discharge conditions in actual cells and the critical physical properties of each separator film. Eight separator compositions, all cellulose-based, are being evaluated. The purpose of the study is to utilize the cycle- and wet-life data which are a function of separator composition and physical properties in the alkaline chemistry rechargeable cell set, to designate a 'best' separator for incorporation into actual production cells by the manufacturing community for silver/zinc rechargeable cells. The recommendations will take the form of minimum separator physical properties which are beneficial to cell performance and long life, resulting in an improvement in the assets available for Fleet use in the US Navy. This paper discusses the data available to date on cycle- and wet-life, and their relationship to separator physical properties before and at several stages during cycling. RP Lewis, H (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,300 HIGHWAY 361,CRANE,IN 47522, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-20509-8 J9 POWER SOUR PY 1997 VL 16 BP 29 EP 38 PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BH75D UT WOS:A1997BH75D00006 ER PT B AU Dow, EG Bessette, RR Seeback, GL MarshOrndorff, C Meunier, H VanZee, J Medeiros, MG AF Dow, EG Bessette, RR Seeback, GL MarshOrndorff, C Meunier, H VanZee, J Medeiros, MG BE Attewell, A Keily, T TI Enhanced electrochemical performance in the development of the aluminum hydrogen peroxide semi-fuel cell SO POWER SOURCES 16: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN NON-MECHANICAL ELECTRICAL POWER SOURCES SE POWER SOURCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Power Sources Symposium - Research and Development in Non-Mechanical Electrical Power Sources CY APR 21-23, 1997 CL BRIGHTON, ENGLAND SP Int Power Sources Symp Ltd DE aluminum anode primary batteries; hydrogen peroxide; applications underwater vehicles AB Significant accomplishments from this research effort have defined and characterized the nature and rate of the chemical dynamics at the anode and cathode, thus allowing the development of the aluminum/hydrogen peroxide couple as an energy-dense semi-fuel cell system. This effort has included the investigation of new aluminum alloys, development of new electrocatalysts for the hydrogen peroxide, optimization of the operating parameters and modelling of the electrochemical performance of the couple. Furthermore, it has demonstrated a technique that will enhance the electrochemical properties of selected aluminum anodes, while controlling unwanted corrosion reactions at a tolerable level. The unique methodology described in this paper involves the use of additives to activate the surface of the aluminum anode-electrolyte, thus avoiding alloying, processing and heat treating. In addition to this anode development, we have identified a novel electrocatalyst that enhances effective and efficient electrochemical reduction of hydrogen peroxide, thus shifting the predilection of the peroxide from parasitic decomposition to desired high rate electrochemical reduction. The improved performance of this electrochemical couple has led to the attainment of current densities of 500 to 800 mA cm(-2), five to seven times that originally achievable at comparable cell voltages of 1.4 to 1.2. System-level modelling, based on the experimental evidence reported in this paper, indicates that the aluminum/hydrogen peroxide couple is a versatile and energetic electrochemical energy source. RP Dow, EG (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,DIV NEWPORT,NEWPORT,RI 02841, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-20509-8 J9 POWER SOUR PY 1997 VL 16 BP 207 EP 212 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BH75D UT WOS:A1997BH75D00031 ER PT B AU Banner, JA Winchester, CS AF Banner, JA Winchester, CS BE Attewell, A Keily, T TI High energy battery safety: Anecdotes, issues and approaches SO POWER SOURCES 16: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN NON-MECHANICAL ELECTRICAL POWER SOURCES SE POWER SOURCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Power Sources Symposium - Research and Development in Non-Mechanical Electrical Power Sources CY APR 21-23, 1997 CL BRIGHTON, ENGLAND SP Int Power Sources Symp Ltd DE safety reviews AB The safety aspects of a battery's electrochemistry, design and manufacture can determine how, where or even if that battery may be used. Batteries that contain lithium require special consideration; the properties that make lithium useful for energy storage also increase the risks associated with its use. In this paper, safety issues for lithium and non-lithium primary and rechargeable battery systems are described. Historical anecdotes of battery safety incidents, both military and non-military, are presented. The US Navy's approach to lithium battery safety testing is also described. RP Banner, JA (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,WHITE OAK SITE,10901 NEW HAMPSHIRE AVE,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-20509-8 J9 POWER SOUR PY 1997 VL 16 BP 271 EP 274 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BH75D UT WOS:A1997BH75D00042 ER PT B AU Reinecke, TL Broido, DA AF Reinecke, TL Broido, DA GP IEEE TI Thermoelectric transport in low dimensional superlattice systems SO PROCEEDINGS ICT'97 - XVI INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THERMOELECTRICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Thermoelectrics (XVI ICT 97) CY AUG 26-29, 1997 CL DRESDEN, GERMANY SP Sachs Staatsminist Wissensch & Kunst, Deut Forschungsgemeinsch, European Commiss, Directorate Gen XII, USAF European Off Aerosp Res & Dev, Inst Solid State & Mat Res Dresden, Thermoelect Grp, Int Thermoelect Soc, IEEE, Inst Festkorper Werkstofforsch Dresden AB We discuss the thermoelectric transport coefficients and the figure of merit of realistic quantum well and quantum wire superlattice systems. The electronic contribution to the transport is described in detail by including the effects of the heat current along the barriers, of carrier tunneling through the barriers, of well width dependence of the scattering rates, and of lifting of the valley degeneracy in realistic superlattice systems. The lattice thermal conductivity is described by including the effects of interface scattering. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Reinecke, TL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4057-4 PY 1997 BP 424 EP 428 DI 10.1109/ICT.1997.667170 PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Materials Science GA BK89B UT WOS:000073809800093 ER PT S AU Griscom, DL AF Griscom, DL BE Matthews, GE Williams, RT TI Visible/infra-red absorption study in fiber geometry of metastable defect states in high-purity fused silicas SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DEFECTS IN INSULATING MATERIALS - ICDIM 96 SE MATERIALS SCIENCE FORUM LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Defects in Insulating Materials (ICDIM 96) CY JUL 15-19, 1996 CL WAKE FOREST UNIV, WINSTON SALEM, NC SP AMP Inc, Hughes Res Labs, Int Sci Fdn, Natl Sci Fdn, Newport, Wake Forest Univ HO WAKE FOREST UNIV DE radiation damage; color centers; silicon dioxide; optical fibers ID SELF-TRAPPED EXCITON; AMORPHOUS SIO2; THERMAL SIO2; EX CENTER; RADIATION; PAIR; CREATION; GLASSES; QUARTZ AB Optical absorption in the range similar to 400-1000 nm has been recorded for pure-silica-core optical fibers during exposure to Co-60 gamma rays at similar to 27C. The two studied core materials were notable for their low hydroxyl and chloride contents; one had 0.5 mass % fluorine doping. A complex spectrum comprising at least three Gaussian bands reached steady-state intensities similar to 10-30 dB/m near 1.8 eV during the early stages of irradiation. This spectrum could be suppressed by either in-situ white-light bleaching or ex-situ thermal annealing at similar to 20C but recovered within similar to 1/2 hour when irradiation was continued in the dark. After long-term exposure (greater than or equal to 10(6) s) at dose rates of 15, 61, and 321 Gy(Si)/min, the sites responsible for these bands were subject to irreversible radiation bleaching according to dose-rate-independent second-order kinetics. Among the models considered for these (apparently fundamental) defects are quenched-in strained-bond sites which serve as shallow traps for holes. RP Griscom, DL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI ZURICH-UETIKON PA BRANDRAIN 6, CH-8707 ZURICH-UETIKON, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 0-87849-756-0 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 1997 VL 239- BP 19 EP 24 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BH33W UT WOS:A1997BH33W00005 ER PT B AU Barton, O Ratcliffe, CP AF Barton, O Ratcliffe, CP GP SOC EXPTL MECH TI Modal analysis of a thick sandwich plate: A comparison between theory and experiment SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 15TH INTERNATIONAL MODAL ANALYSIS CONFERENCE - IMAC, VOLS I AND II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Modal Analysis Conference - Current Horizon for Structural Damage Detection (IMAC) CY FEB 03-06, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Exptl Mech Inc AB Composite structures beam, plates, and shells, are commonplace in many sectors of the automotive and aircraft industries. Use of such structures is now being considered for off-shore and naval applications because of the potential for improved strength to weight ratio and resistance to harsh environments. This paper considers the theoretical and experimental modal analysis of a thick sandwich plate, approximately 20 feet by six feet. This plate is a scale model of a new design for a ship's deck. In service, it is the fundamental mode that is normally most problematic fora ship's deck. Results are presented from an experimental modal analysis with the plate suspended on rubber bungee cords. RP Barton, O (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT MECH ENGN,590 HOLLOWAY RD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-912053-53-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3089 BP 71 EP 75 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA BH25Y UT WOS:A1997BH25Y00012 ER PT B AU Gordis, JH AF Gordis, JH GP SOC EXPTL MECH TI Artificial boundary conditions for model updating and damage detection SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 15TH INTERNATIONAL MODAL ANALYSIS CONFERENCE - IMAC, VOLS I AND II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Modal Analysis Conference - Current Horizon for Structural Damage Detection (IMAC) CY FEB 03-06, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Exptl Mech Inc AB The updating of finite element models commonly makes use of measured modal parameters. The number of modal parameters measured in a typical modal test is small, while the number of model parameters to be adjusted can be large. In this paper, it is shown that the natural frequencies for the structure under a variety of boundary conditions are available from any square, spatially incomplete frequency response function data, without any actual physical alteration of the boundary conditions, hence the term ''artificial boundary conditions.'' This approach can provide potentially a large number of additional and distinct mode frequencies from the same modal test. The simplest example of this approach is that the driving point antiresonance frequencies correspond to the natural frequencies obtained from the structure with the driving point DOF constrained to ground. This result is developed generally for multiple measured points, and is shown to be related to previous results concerning omitted coordinate systems and spatially incomplete test data. The approach is applied to sensitivity-based model updating and damage detection. RP Gordis, JH (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MECH ENGN,CODE ME GO,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-912053-53-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3089 BP 1256 EP 1262 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA BH25Y UT WOS:A1997BH25Y00183 ER PT B AU Gordis, JH AF Gordis, JH GP SOC EXPTL MECH TI On the analytic disassembly of structural matrices SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 15TH INTERNATIONAL MODAL ANALYSIS CONFERENCE - IMAC, VOLS I AND II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Modal Analysis Conference - Current Horizon for Structural Damage Detection (IMAC) CY FEB 03-06, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Exptl Mech Inc AB The analytical dissasembly of global stiffness and mass matrices is examined. The conditions necessary for the unique disassembly of structural matrices are identified. The unique disassembly of global stiffness matrices is shown to be posssible for restricted structure topologies. The disassembly takes the form of a transformation which renders the global matrix block-diagonal, where each block represents an exact reduced element matrix. It is shown that it is not possible to uniquely dissassemble a global mass matrix. Graph-theoretic concepts are used to interpret the disassembly transformation matrices. The disassembly of structural matrices has applications in system identification and damage detection. RP Gordis, JH (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MECH ENGN,CODE ME GO,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-912053-53-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3089 BP 1292 EP 1297 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA BH25Y UT WOS:A1997BH25Y00188 ER PT B AU Hoerst, BC Ratcliffe, CP AF Hoerst, BC Ratcliffe, CP GP SOC EXPTL MECH TI Damage detection in beams using Laplacian operators on experimental modal data SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 15TH INTERNATIONAL MODAL ANALYSIS CONFERENCE - IMAC, VOLS I AND II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Modal Analysis Conference - Current Horizon for Structural Damage Detection (IMAC) CY FEB 03-06, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Exptl Mech Inc AB The effect of damage on the dynamic properties of structures such as beams and plates has previously been studied. Most of the work considers the variation of natural frequencies, although some also considers the change in mode shape. However, little work considers using mode shape data for locating damage. This paper presents a technique for identifying and pinpointing structural damage in a beam. The procedure operates solely on mode shape data from the damaged structure, and does not require a priori knowledge of the undamaged structure. When damage is relatively severe, a finite difference approximation of Laplace's differential operator to the mode shape successfully identifies the location of the damage. When damage is less severe, it is shown that further processing of the Laplacian significantly increase the sensitivity of the procedure, and in some cases enables the location of less than 0.5% damage to be found. The procedure is best suited to the mode shape obtained from the fundamental natural frequency. RP Hoerst, BC (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT MECH ENGN,590 HOLLOWAY RD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-912053-53-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3089 BP 1305 EP 1311 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA BH25Y UT WOS:A1997BH25Y00190 ER PT B AU Mukherjee, R Song, GB Satava, R AF Mukherjee, R Song, GB Satava, R BE Boom, H Robinson, C Rutten, W Neuman, M Wijkstra, H TI An articulated manipulator for enhanced dexterity in minimally invasive surgery SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 18TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY, VOL 18, PTS 1-5 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual International Conference of IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-amd-Biology-Society CY OCT 31-NOV 03, 1996 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP IEEE Engn Med & Biol Soc AB This paper presents the design of a novel Articulated Manipulator for Minimally invasive Surgery (AMMIS) that has been developed at the US Naval Postgraduate School. This manipulator (patent pending) is expected to provide surgeons with improved dexterity during minimally invasive surgical procedures and be ideally suited for tele-surgery. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Mukherjee, R (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-3812-X J9 P IEEE EMBS PY 1997 VL 18 BP 220 EP 222 PG 3 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA BK41A UT WOS:000072079000108 ER PT S AU Kang, W Gu, GX Sparks, A Banda, S AF Kang, W Gu, GX Sparks, A Banda, S GP AMER AUTOMAT CONTROL COUNCIL TI Surge control and test functions for axial flow compressors SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-6 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 American Control Conference CY JUN 04-06, 1997 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Amer Automat Control Council, Int Federat Automat Control RP Kang, W (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MATH,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0743-1619 BN 0-7803-3833-2 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 1997 BP 3721 EP 3725 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BJ29B UT WOS:A1997BJ29B00799 ER PT B AU Kiriakidis, K AF Kiriakidis, K GP IEEE TI Dynamic output feedback control of gas furnaces via fuzzy modeling SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONTROL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications CY OCT 05-07, 1997 CL HARTFORD, CT SP IEEE Control Syst Soc, ASME Dynam Syst & Control Div AB The paper addresses the control problem of complex plants, using state space realizations derived from Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy models. In particular, a state feedback controller, based on estimated state information, is proposed for the regulation of gas furnaces, The method comprises procedures to design a converging state estimator and a stabilizing controller separately. It is shown that if the estimator and controller gains satisfy an additional sufficient condition the observer-based closed loop is stable. Simulation studies on the fuzzy model of the gas furnace process verify the result. RP Kiriakidis, K (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT WEAP & SYST ENGN,105 MARYLAND AVE,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3877-4 PY 1997 BP 79 EP 84 DI 10.1109/CCA.1997.627480 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BJ81D UT WOS:A1997BJ81D00015 ER PT B AU Song, G Longman, RW Cai, L AF Song, G Longman, RW Cai, L GP IEEE TI Integrated adaptive-robust control of robot manipulators with joint stick-slip friction SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONTROL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications CY OCT 05-07, 1997 CL HARTFORD, CT SP IEEE Control Syst Soc, ASME Dynam Syst & Control Div AB In this paper, an integrated adaptive-robust approach along with a smooth adaptive robust friction compensation strategy are applied to tracking control of robot manipulators with joint stick-slip friction. The designed controller takes advantage of both adaptive and robust approaches: namely, the ability to ''learn'' like adaptive controllers and the ability to reject disturbance and to handle various uncertainties including stick-slip friction, like robust controllers. The uncertainties due to unknown robot link parameters, unknown viscous friction coefficient, and unknown maximum static friction, which are linear in parameters, are compensated by the integrated adaptive-robust control method. On the other hand, the exponential friction (used To model the Stribeck effect: the downward bend of friction torque at low velocities), which are nonlinear in parameters, and external disturbances, are compensated by a robust compensator with a self-learning upper bounding function when no a priori knowledge on the exponential friction and disturbances are available. The employed robust compensators produce smooth control action, and avoid motion intermittency, which are commonly associated with stick-slip friction. The proposed controller guarantees global asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system, as proved by Lyapunov's direct method. RP Song, G (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3877-4 PY 1997 BP 177 EP 182 DI 10.1109/CCA.1997.627534 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BJ81D UT WOS:A1997BJ81D00032 ER PT B AU McGill, RA Chrisey, DB Mlsna, TE Stepnowski, JL Chung, R Cotal, H AF McGill, RA Chrisey, DB Mlsna, TE Stepnowski, JL Chung, R Cotal, H GP IEEE TI Performance optimization of surface acoustic wave chemical sensors SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium CY MAY 28-30, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP IEEE, Ultrason Ferroelect & Frequency Control Soc, USA CECOM, Ft Monmouth, NJ, US RP McGill, RA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6170 & 6670,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3729-8 PY 1997 BP 140 EP 146 DI 10.1109/FREQ.1997.638535 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BJ96F UT WOS:A1997BJ96F00020 ER PT B AU McCaskill, TB AF McCaskill, TB GP IEEE TI Analysis of the frequency stability history of GPS Navstar clocks SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium CY MAY 28-30, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP IEEE, Ultrason Ferroelect & Frequency Control Soc, USA CECOM, Ft Monmouth, NJ, US AB The two-sample Allan variance has been the standard metric for assessing the frequency stability of atomic clocks which may be characterized by nonstationary noise processes. The convergence of the Allan variance for the noise types typical of atomic clocks might appear to suggest that the variance could be estimated to an arbitrary degree of accuracy by processing more data over longer and longer periods of time, which would lead to progressively smaller confidence intervals. This tacit assumption, however, was called into question because of the behavior of one of the Global Positioning System (GPS) on-orbit Navstar atomic clocks whose frequency stability profile exhibited significant change with the processing of additional data. Because of the peculiar nonstationary behavior of this clock, a model for the frequency stability history was developed and is now incorporated as a routine part of the analysis of Navstar clocks conducted by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL).(dagger) The frequency stability history corresponds to the output of an N-sample moving average filter operating on the sequence of squared first differences of the M-day frequency offset measurements. This procedure assumes that the stochastic process has increment's whose second order properties are slowly evolving over time such that, to a reasonable approximation, it has stationary increments over the N sample-interval. Frequency stability histories are presented using from one to 120-sample averages-the number of samples averaged representing a compromise between the time resolution and the stability of the estimate. Included are frequency stability histories for both cesium and rubidium on-orbit Navstar clocks. The results indicate that the frequency stability of most of the Navstar clocks :is invariant over the useful life of the clock, that the frequency stability of some of the clocks degrades over the life of the clock, and that the frequency stability of still others improves after an initial transient. The frequency stability history is now used to detect and measure degradation in the frequency stability. Significant changes in the frequency stability are reported to the GPS Master Control Station (MCS). RP McCaskill, TB (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3729-8 PY 1997 BP 295 EP 303 DI 10.1109/FREQ.1997.638562 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BJ96F UT WOS:A1997BJ96F00046 ER PT B AU Skolnik, M AF Skolnik, M GP IEEE TI Spaceborne radar for the global surveillance of ships over the ocean SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 IEEE NATIONAL RADAR CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 IEEE National Radar Conference CY MAY 13-15, 1997 CL SYRACUSE, NY SP IEEE, Aerosp & Electr Syst Soc, IEEE, Syracuse Sect, IEEE, Mohawk Valley Sect AB This paper describes a spaceborne radar (SBR) concept for the world-wide detection and tracking of ships. After a brief discussion of several different radar approaches, the fixed sidelooking radar with noncoherent processing is described as the preferred method based on its reliability and cost. The characteristics of this radar are given along with potential methods for acquiring target information for such purposes as recognition and determining ship's direction and speed to aid in tracking. Comparisons with published descriptions of SBR for aircraft surveillance show SBR for the ocean surveillance of ships to be significantly smaller and less complex than SBR for the surveillance of aircraft. RP Skolnik, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3732-8 J9 RADAR CONF PY 1997 BP 120 EP 125 DI 10.1109/NRC.1997.588219 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BJ19U UT WOS:A1997BJ19U00022 ER PT S AU Heitmeyer, C Kirby, J Labaw, B AF Heitmeyer, C Kirby, J Labaw, B GP ACM SIGSOFT TI The SCR method for formally specifying, verifying, and validating requirements: Tool support SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING SE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 97) - Pulling Together CY MAY 17-23, 1997 CL BOSTON, MA SP IEEE Comp Soc Tech Council Software Engn, ACM SIGSOFT AB SCR*, a set of tools for developing requirements specifications for real-time embedded systems, is described. The tools, which are based on a formal requirements model, include a specification editor, a consistency checker, and a simulator. Recent additions to SCR* are a dependency graph browser and a verifier. RP Heitmeyer, C (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5546,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Heitmeyer, Constance/F-6500-2011; OI Heitmeyer, Constance/0000-0001-7942-9309 NR 0 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 SN 0270-5257 BN 0-89791-914-9 J9 PROC INT CONF SOFTW PY 1997 BP 610 EP 611 DI 10.1145/253228.253498 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BH83V UT WOS:A1997BH83V00082 ER PT B AU Muessig, PR Laack, DR AF Muessig, PR Laack, DR BE Andradottir, S Healy, KJ Withers, DH Nelson, BL TI Optimizing the selection of VV & A activities - a risk/benefit approach SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC 97) CY DEC 07-10, 1997 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Stat Assoc, Assoc Comp Machinery, Special Interest Grp Simulat, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci, Coll Simulat, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Syst Man & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, NIST, Soc Comp Simulat Int AB This paper discusses a risk/benefit analysis approach to the selection of an optimal set of VV&A activities. The approach is an adaptation of MIL-STD-882C (System Safety Program Requirements) to the requirements of establishing the credibility of models and simulations (M&S). Risks and benefits elf M&S use are quantified in terms of impact level and probability of occurrence within the context of specific applications. These assessments are then used to determine the level of M&S credibility required to minimize risk and/or maximize benefit. The required level of credibility is then used to select the most appropriate mix of VV&A activities from a standard set of activities that is calibrated to varying levels of required credibility. The end result is an ability to objectively justify the chosen set of VV&A activities, and to monitor the impact of risk/benefit changes on VV&A requirements. (This paper was originally presented at the Summer Computer Simulation Conference in Arlington, Virginia in July, 1997. It is presented here (in modified form) as part of WSC '97 IT-101 (Establishing Simulation Credibility Through VV&A)). C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Muessig, PR (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Code 418000D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4278-X PY 1997 BP 60 EP 66 DI 10.1145/268437.268449 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA BK18F UT WOS:000071432100009 ER PT B AU Kang, K Gue, KR AF Kang, K Gue, KR BE Andradottir, S Healy, KJ Withers, DH Nelson, BL TI Sea based logistics: Distribution problems for future global contingencies SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC 97) CY DEC 07-10, 1997 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Stat Assoc, Assoc Comp Machinery, Special Interest Grp Simulat, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci, Coll Simulat, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Syst Man & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, NIST, Soc Comp Simulat Int AB Evolving doctrine in the U.S. Marine Corps emphasizes small, highly-mobile forces, supported from the sea rather than from large, land-based supply points. We introduce some emerging problems in sea based logistics, and show how simulation might be used to address them. We describe a simulation model of the offload of supplies to support a Marine Air-Ground Task Force, and show how to determine the number and allocation of different material handling devices for such an operation. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Management, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kang, K (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Management, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4278-X PY 1997 BP 911 EP 916 DI 10.1145/268437.268677 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA BK18F UT WOS:000071432100131 ER PT B AU Parry, SH McAneny, MC Dromerhauser, RJ AF Parry, SH McAneny, MC Dromerhauser, RJ BE Andradottir, S Healy, KJ Withers, DH Nelson, BL TI Applications of the Universal Joint Task List to joint exercise results SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC 97) CY DEC 07-10, 1997 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Stat Assoc, Assoc Comp Machinery, Special Interest Grp Simulat, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci, Coll Simulat, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Syst Man & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, NIST, Soc Comp Simulat Int AB The foundation of readiness is training. The Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS) Joint Training Program institutes methods far identifying training requirements through review of the Commander-in-Chiefs (CINC) missions and the compilation of Joint Mission Essential Task Lists. The Universal Joint Task List comprehensively outlines these joint essential tasks, providing a summary of CINC missions, joint tasks, and corresponding supporting and enabling tasks. Computer aided exercises (CAXs) are tools available for monitoring and training a staff in these tasks. CAXs are an essential part of staff training, although one of their major weaknesses is their inability to accurately measure the level of training received by the players. This paper develops an exercise analysis methodology for evaluating critical event causal audit trails. Specific objectives ate to determine quantifiable measures of effectiveness designed to work with data manipulated by computer simulations and to test MOEs using the Joint Theater Level Simulation (JTLS). This includes the development of post-exercise analysis techniques for wargame data. This paper provides a methodology for extracting appropriate data from a CAX to develop causal audit trails for critical events. The results of a CAX will then be more available for trend analysis and feedback. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Parry, SH (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-4278-X PY 1997 BP 933 EP 940 DI 10.1145/268437.268686 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA BK18F UT WOS:000071432100134 ER PT S AU Kang, W Liang, K AF Kang, W Liang, K GP IEEE IEEE TI The stability and invariants of control systems with pitchfork or cusp bifurcations SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 36TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL, VOLS 1-5 SE IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL - PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control CY DEC 10-12, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP IEEE Controls Syst Soc, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci DE bifurcations; invariants; normal forms; feedbacks AB The control of bifurcation by state feedback for nonlinear systems with cubic degeneracy is addressed in this paper. Normal forms and invariants are employed to classify the bifurcations of the closed-loop systems. It is proved that, for systems with uncontrollable linearization, the closed-loop system tem under state feedback usually has either pitchfork or cusp bifurcations if the quadratic degeneracy condition does not hold. Cubic invariants are found to characterize the bifurcations of the closed-loop systems. It is also proved that the cusp or pitchfork bifurcations addressed in this paper can be rendered supercritical by state feedbacks under some weak conditions. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kang, W (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0191-2216 BN 0-7803-4187-2 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 1997 BP 378 EP 383 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA BK43K UT WOS:000072164400074 ER PT S AU Kang, W AF Kang, W GP IEEE IEEE TI Invariants and stability of control systems with transcritical and saddle-node bifurcations SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 36TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL, VOLS 1-5 SE IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL - PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control CY DEC 10-12, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP IEEE Controls Syst Soc, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci DE bifurcations; invariants; normal forms; feedbacks AB State feedback control of bifurcations with quadratic or cubic degeneracy is addressed in [14] and the present paper. Based on normal forms and invariants of nonlinear control systems, the classification of bifurcations for systems with a single uncontrollable mode is obtained. Using invariants, characterizations of stability are derived for a family of bifurcations, including saddle-node bifurcation and transcritical bifurcation in this paper, and pitchfork bifurcation, cusp bifurcation, and hysteresis in [14]. Bifurcations in systems under feedbacks which are not zero at the critical point are also addressed. In the case of a saddle-node bifurcation, continuous but not differential feedbacks are introduced to remove the bifurcation and to achieve the stability. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kang, W (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0191-2216 BN 0-7803-4187-2 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 1997 BP 1162 EP 1167 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA BK43K UT WOS:000072164400228 ER PT S AU Fahroo, F Wang, Y AF Fahroo, F Wang, Y GP IEEE IEEE TI Optimal location of piezoceramic actuators for vibration suppression of a flexible structure SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 36TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL, VOLS 1-5 SE IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL - PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control CY DEC 10-12, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP IEEE Controls Syst Soc, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci AB In this work, the problem of optimal placement of piezoceramic actuators along a flexible structure is considered. The design goal is to optimize the actuators' performance in vibration suppression of a beam cantilevered on one end to a rotating hub. First, the control problem is presented as an infinite-dimensional linear quadratic regulator problem. Then, an approximation framework based on a Legendre polynomials based Galerkin method for approximating the control system is developed. Two different approximate performance measures that are based on the LQR cost function are considered and numerical examples are presented to illustrate effectiveness of each measure. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Fahroo, F (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Math, Code MA FF, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0191-2216 BN 0-7803-4187-2 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 1997 BP 1966 EP 1971 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA BK43K UT WOS:000072164400392 ER PT B AU Lagnado, I delaHoussaye, P AF Lagnado, I delaHoussaye, P BE Cristoloveanu, S TI TFSOS: Quo vadis SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SILICON-ON-INSULATOR TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES SE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Symposium on Silicon-On-Insulator Technology and Devices, at 192nd Meeting of Electrochemical-Society / 48th Annual Meeting of International-Society-of-Electrochemistry CY AUG 31-SEP 05, 1997 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP Electrochem Soc, Int Soc Electrochem AB The ability to communicate anywhere, anytime is enabled by many technological factors. One of the most important is the integration of advanced analog radio frequency (RF) and microwave components (active and passive) with digital processors onto an affordable very large scare integrated circuit (VLSIC). These microwave integrated circuits (MICs) should provide for the same powerful reductions in cost that VLSI technology has achieved for digital applications. Further advances in technology will ultimately allow for the fabrication of a complete wireless transceiver to be placed on a single VLSI chip. The advances in the underlying silicon-on-insulator microwave device technology, particularly silicon-on-sapphire, will focus on the development of wide bandwidth wireless communications and ultimately the system-on-a-chip product. RP Lagnado, I (reprint author), USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT&E DIV CODE D805,53475 STROTHE RD,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2896 BN 1-56677-176-5 J9 ELEC SOC S PY 1997 VL 97 IS 23 BP 329 EP 339 PG 11 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BJ30Y UT WOS:A1997BJ30Y00047 ER PT S AU Share, GH Murphy, RJ Ryan, J AF Share, GH Murphy, RJ Ryan, J BE Dermer, CD Strickman, MS Kurfess, JD TI Solar and stellar gamma ray observations with COMPTON SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH COMPTON SYMPOSIUM, PTS 1 AND 2: PT 1: THE COMPTON OBSERVATORY IN REVIEW; PT 2: PAPERS AND PRESENTATIONS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Compton Symposium CY APR 27-30, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA AB Observations by the Compton GRO are providing fundamental insights into the high-energy physics of solar flares. Most of the analyses have been made of the flares emitted by active region number 6659 in 1991 June. Hard X-ray pulses in flares show energy dependent delays of up to similar to 200 ms due to time of flight, consistent with the location of an acceleration region above the soft X-ray loop and an impact zone in the footpoints. Comparison of electron bremsstrahlung and 80 GHz synchroton emissions provides information on magnetic field strengths in the corona. Temporal variations as short as 0.1 s are observed at energies above 10 MeV constraining acceleration models. Protons are observed to be accelerated up to energies in excess of a few GeV and relativistic ions are still present in sufficient intensities up to eight hours after the impulsive phase of the 11 June flare to be detected in the gamma rays they produce st energies above 50 MeV. Comparison of the energy dependence of time profiles suggests that particle acceleration is continuing hours after the impulsive phase and that trapped particles do not provide the dominant emission. Individual gamma-ray lines are resolved and provide information on the accelerated ion spectra and the ambient elemental composition. The 1991 June 4 flare produced the highest line fluence observed to date and had an ambient abundance close to that observed in the corona. A rather high accelerated alpha/p ratio, similar to 0.5, is inferred from the line measurements. The energy deposited in ions >1 MeV/AMU is at least an order of magnitude larger than that of electrons in this event. Temporal variation is observed in the accelerated electron/ion ratio over abroad energy range, in the ambient abundances, and in the spectral hardness in the June flares. Comparisons of the neutron capture and de-excitation lines provide measurements of the He-3/H ratio, and information on the He-4/H ratio in the photosphere. We also report on a search for hard X-rays from selected stars. C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Share, GH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7652, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-659-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1997 IS 410 BP 17 EP 36 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK17N UT WOS:000071400800002 ER PT S AU Grove, JE Grindlay, JE Harmon, BA Hua, XM Kazanas, D McConnell, M AF Grove, JE Grindlay, JE Harmon, BA Hua, XM Kazanas, D McConnell, M BE Dermer, CD Strickman, MS Kurfess, JD TI Galactic black hole binaries: High-energy radiation SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH COMPTON SYMPOSIUM, PTS 1 AND 2: PT 1: THE COMPTON OBSERVATORY IN REVIEW; PT 2: PAPERS AND PRESENTATIONS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Compton Symposium CY APR 27-30, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA AB Observations of galactic black hole candidates made by the instruments aboard the Compton GRO in the hard X-ray and gamma-ray hands have significantly enhanced our knowledge of the phenomenology of the emission from these objects. Understanding these observations presents a formidable challenge to theoretical models of the accretion flow onto the compact object and of the physical mechanisms that generate high-energy radiation. Here we summarise the current state of observations and theoretical interpretation of the emission from black hole candidates above 20 keV. The all-sky monitoring capability of BATSE allows, for the first time, nearly continuous studies of the high-energy emission from more than a dozen black hole candidates. These long-term datasets are particularly well-suited to multi-wavelength comparison studies, from the radio upward in frequency (Zhang et al. 1997a, these proceedings). Energy spectral evolution and/or spectral state transitions have been observed from many of the black hole candidates. Moderately deep searches elf the galactic plane suggest a deficit of weak gamma-ray transients. Such population studies have implications for the origin of black hole binaries and the nature of secretion events. Observations above 50 keV from OSSE demonstrate that in the gamma-ray band there rrist two spectral states that appear to be the extensions of the X-ray low (hard) and high (soft), or perhaps very high, states. The former state cuts off with e-folding energy similar to 100 keV and has its peak luminosity near this energy; thus substantial corrections need to be made to historical estimates of the bolometric luminosity of black holes in the "low" state, In contrast, in the X-ray high (soft) state, the luminosity peaks in the soft X-rays and the spectrum extends with an unbroken power law, even up to energies above 500 keV in some cases. COMPTEL has detected emission above 750 keV from Cyg X-l and the transient GRO J0422+32. In both cases the data suggest that an additional week, hard spectral component is required beyond that observed by OSSE at lower energies, although the precise spectral form is get to be determined. C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Grove, JE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-659-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1997 IS 410 BP 122 EP 140 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK17N UT WOS:000071400800008 ER PT S AU Johnson, WN Zdziarski, AA Madejski, GM Paciesas, WS Steinle, H Lin, YC AF Johnson, WN Zdziarski, AA Madejski, GM Paciesas, WS Steinle, H Lin, YC BE Dermer, CD Strickman, MS Kurfess, JD TI Seyferts and radio galaxies SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH COMPTON SYMPOSIUM, PTS 1 AND 2: PT 1: THE COMPTON OBSERVATORY IN REVIEW; PT 2: PAPERS AND PRESENTATIONS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Compton Symposium CY APR 27-30, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA AB Observations with Compton Gamma Ray Observatory have provided key insights to the high energy emission mechanisms in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and clearly separate them into a. class of Blazars, with apparent nonthermal jet emissions often peeking in the EGRET energy band, and into the Seyfert class with emissions more closely related to the accretion disk presumably energizing the nuclear black hole. OSSE measurements indicate that the high energy emission from Seyfert AGN has a high energy cutoff below similar to 100-200 keV and no Seyferts have been detected by COMPTEL or :EGRET. Here, we review the X-ray and gamma-ray observations of Seyferts and Radio Galaxies and the broad band emission models that describe the observed spectral characteristics. A comparision of Seyfert 1, Seyfert 2, and radio galaxies can be made in the context of the AGN unification models. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Johnson, WN (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7651, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-659-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1997 IS 410 BP 283 EP 305 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK17N UT WOS:000071400800017 ER PT S AU Kurfess, JD Bertsch, DL Fishman, GJ Schonfelder, V AF Kurfess, JD Bertsch, DL Fishman, GJ Schonfelder, V BE Dermer, CD Strickman, MS Kurfess, JD TI Overview of the Compton Observatory instruments SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH COMPTON SYMPOSIUM, PTS 1 AND 2: PT 1: THE COMPTON OBSERVATORY IN REVIEW; PT 2: PAPERS AND PRESENTATIONS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Compton Symposium CY APR 27-30, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA AB The Compton Gamma. Ray Observatory and its complement of four scientific instruments has completed over six years of outstanding an-orbit operation. In this paper we summarise the capabilities of the four CGRO experiments. The enhanced capabilities that have been achieved since the beginning of the mission are discussed. Recently, the spacecraft has been re-boosted to a higher orbit that could extend the mission lifetime for another ten years. This will enable continued monitoring of the hard X-ray sky by BATSE, continued mapping of the Galaxy across the gamma ray spectrum, the capability to observe rare events such as extragalactic supernovae, and solar flare observations during the next solar maximum by all instruments. The instrumental capabilities for an extended mission are discussed. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kurfess, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-659-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1997 IS 410 BP 509 EP 523 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK17N UT WOS:000071400800031 ER PT S AU Dermer, CD Skibo, JG AF Dermer, CD Skibo, JG BE Dermer, CD Strickman, MS Kurfess, JD TI Positron transport and annihilation are expanding flows: A model for the high-latitude annihilation feature SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH COMPTON SYMPOSIUM, PTS 1 AND 2: PT 1: THE COMPTON OBSERVATORY IN REVIEW; PT 2: PAPERS AND PRESENTATIONS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Compton Symposium CY APR 27-30, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA AB Positron sources in the vicinity of the Galactic Center can account for the recently discovered high-latitude 0.511 MeV annihilation radiation if the positrons are convected away from the disk of the Galaxy and annihilate during transport. Here we describe our treatment for positron energy loss and thermalization, transport, and annihilation. The concept of the Maxwell-Boltzmann length (a generalized stopping distance) is outlined, and a. model map of the distribution of annihilation radiation is presented for idealized flows. C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dermer, CD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7653, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-659-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1997 IS 410 BP 1044 EP 1048 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK17N UT WOS:000071400800134 ER PT S AU Kinzer, RL Purcell, WR Kurfess, JD AF Kinzer, RL Purcell, WR Kurfess, JD BE Dermer, CD Strickman, MS Kurfess, JD TI Diffuse 50 keV to 10 MeV gamma-ray emission from the inner Galactic ridge SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH COMPTON SYMPOSIUM, PTS 1 AND 2: PT 1: THE COMPTON OBSERVATORY IN REVIEW; PT 2: PAPERS AND PRESENTATIONS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Compton Symposium CY APR 27-30, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA AB Measurements of the 50 keV to 10 MeV gamma-ray spectra from the inner Galactic ridge made by the OSSE are reported. Spectra are found to comprise a soft low-energy continuum component which can be represented by an exponentially absorbed power-law, a positronium continuum, a 0.511 MeV positron annihilation line, and an underlying continuum which is consistent with a power-law extension of the cosmic-ray induced spectrum observed above 30 MeV. The cosmic-ray component is measured from similar to 200 keV to 10 MeV. This component appears to exhibit a constant spectral shape over the 0 degrees to 60 degrees longitude range, in agreement with measurements above 30 MeV. When account is taken of variable discrete source contributions and the energy-dependent collimator response, both the soft low-energy continuum and the cosmic-ray induced continuum longitude distributions are consistent with the Galactic CO distribution. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kinzer, RL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-659-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1997 IS 410 BP 1193 EP 1197 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK17N UT WOS:000071400800163 ER PT S AU Skibo, J AF Skibo, J BE Dermer, CD Strickman, MS Kurfess, JD TI The diffuse Galactic continuum observed with EGRET: Where's the bump? SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH COMPTON SYMPOSIUM, PTS 1 AND 2: PT 1: THE COMPTON OBSERVATORY IN REVIEW; PT 2: PAPERS AND PRESENTATIONS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Compton Symposium CY APR 27-30, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA AB It is shown that the spectrum of the diffuse Galactic emission observed xith EGRET is consistent with being solely due to electron bremsstrahlung and displays no clear pion bump. However, the required electron spectrum is harder than that observed locally and it is necessary to confine the bulk of the electrons in dark molecular clouds to avoid excess inverse Compton emission. Futhermore, the resulting synchrotron radio spectrum is harder than that observed from the Galactic disk. Therefore, whereas the EGRET observations alone do not prove that nuclear cosmic rays pervade the Galaxy, it is difficult to reconcile all the evidence solely in terms of electrons. C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Skibo, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7653, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-659-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1997 IS 410 BP 1208 EP 1212 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK17N UT WOS:000071400800166 ER PT S AU Dermer, CD AF Dermer, CD BE Dermer, CD Strickman, MS Kurfess, JD TI Accreting isolated black holes and the unidentified EGRET sources SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH COMPTON SYMPOSIUM, PTS 1 AND 2: PT 1: THE COMPTON OBSERVATORY IN REVIEW; PT 2: PAPERS AND PRESENTATIONS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Compton Symposium CY APR 27-30, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA AB Many of the unidentified > 100 MeV EGRET gamma-ray sources are conjectured to originate from a population of isolated approximate to 10-100 M. black holes secreting from the ISM. The low-latitude sources are mostly distant (similar to several kpc) black holes accreting from high density molecular gas, whereas the medium latitude sources are black holes within a few hundred pc which secrete from the more tenuous local ISM. The gamma-ray luminosity is assumed to be proportional to the Bondi-Hoyle accretion rate, and the nearby and distant sources have gamma-ray powers of less than or similar to 10(33) ergs s(-1) and greater than or similar to 10(35) ergs s(-1), respectively, in both cases far below the Eddington luminosity. The number of sources is compatible with estimates of black hole formation rates. In contrast to a, pulsar origin for the unidentified sources, this model can account for gamma-ray flux variability. C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dermer, CD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7653, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-659-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1997 IS 410 BP 1275 EP 1279 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK17N UT WOS:000071400800180 ER PT S AU Chiang, J Dermer, CD Skibo, JG AF Chiang, J Dermer, CD Skibo, JG BE Dermer, CD Strickman, MS Kurfess, JD TI Scattered emission and the X-gamma spectra of Seyfert galaxies SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH COMPTON SYMPOSIUM, PTS 1 AND 2: PT 1: THE COMPTON OBSERVATORY IN REVIEW; PT 2: PAPERS AND PRESENTATIONS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Compton Symposium CY APR 27-30, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA AB We have developed a Monte Carlo code in order to compute the emergent X-ray and gamma-ray spectra for different geometries and orientations of Seyfert galaxies. Our calculation includes reflection off a cold, optically thick accretion disk, obscuration and reflection by a neutral torus, and reprocessing of the radiation by an ionized cone of material located within the opening angle of the torus. We assume a standard spectral form for the central X-gamma continuum emission, and we attempt to fit the broad band spectra of Seyfert galaxies NGC 4945, NGC 4151 and IC 4329A using data obtained by the Ginga ROSAT, ASCA and OSSE instruments. These three objects span the range of Seyfert classifications, and by fitting their spectra we infer the torus geometries surrounding their central X-gamma sources. In particular, we find that the strength of the reflection hump can be a, useful diagnostic for constraining the covering factor of the disk-torus system as seen by the central continuum source. C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chiang, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7653, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-659-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1997 IS 410 BP 1308 EP 1312 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK17N UT WOS:000071400800186 ER PT S AU Kurfess, JD McNaron-Brown, K Purcell, WR Kinzer, RL Johnson, WN AF Kurfess, JD McNaron-Brown, K Purcell, WR Kinzer, RL Johnson, WN BE Dermer, CD Strickman, MS Kurfess, JD TI A small scan angle-dependent background systematic in non-standard OSSE observations SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH COMPTON SYMPOSIUM, PTS 1 AND 2: PT 1: THE COMPTON OBSERVATORY IN REVIEW; PT 2: PAPERS AND PRESENTATIONS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Compton Symposium CY APR 27-30, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA AB We have used the large set of OSSE data, acquired during AGN observations and high galactic latitude mapping observations to study scan-angle dependent background. A small scan-angle dependent background is observed in continuum bands and is adequately characterized by a sinusoidal function of scan angle. The effect is not significant for observations which use the standard OSSE background offsets or for gamma ray Lines like the 511 KeV positron annihilation line. It can be significant for non-standard observations of sources near the OSSE sensitivity limit which use large or asymmetrical background offsets or one-aided offsets. C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kurfess, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-659-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1997 IS 410 BP 1572 EP 1576 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK17N UT WOS:000071400800234 ER PT B AU Kirschenbaum, SS Gray, WD AF Kirschenbaum, SS Gray, WD GP HUMAN FACTORS & ERGONOM SOC TI Running in a fog: Dynamic decision making under uncertainty SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY 41ST ANNUAL MEETING, 1997, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Human-Factors-and-Ergonomics-Society CY 1997 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Human Factors & Ergonom Soc C1 USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR DIV,NEWPORT,RI 02841. RI Gray, Wayne/C-1809-2008 OI Gray, Wayne/0000-0002-1704-7433 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOC PI SANTA MONICA PA PO BOX 1369, SANTA MONICA, CA 90406-1369 BN 0-945289-07-3 PY 1997 BP 157 EP 157 PG 1 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics SC Engineering; Computer Science GA BJ82J UT WOS:A1997BJ82J00036 ER PT B AU Bohan, JA Wallace, DF AF Bohan, JA Wallace, DF GP HUMAN FACTORS & ERGONOM SOC TI Team ergonomics and human engineering methods for the design of collaborative work environments: A case study SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY 41ST ANNUAL MEETING, 1997, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Human-Factors-and-Ergonomics-Society CY 1997 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Human Factors & Ergonom Soc AB Everyday, in both the workplace and the home, we see evidence of how human engineering has advanced software technologies. The advances in computer software were enabled through the application of standardized methodologies grounded in sound systems engineering. It is increasingly apparent that these methodologies have applications to domains other than Human Computer Interface (HCI) development. Specifically, the design of collaborative work environments benefits greatly from the application of human engineering processes. The Tactical Information GUI Engineering & Requirements Specification (TIGERS) methodology was developed to define, articulate, and integrate user requirements into tactical computer interface design (Wallace, Dawson, & Blaylock, 1995). This proven human engineering methodology has been applied to the redesign of the Naval Space Operations Center (NAVSPOC) at the Naval Space Command, in Dahlgren, Virginia (Wallace, Bohan, & White, 1996). This paper discusses the successful application of this human engineering method to the operations center domain. RP Bohan, JA (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN DIV,NSWCDD,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOC PI SANTA MONICA PA PO BOX 1369, SANTA MONICA, CA 90406-1369 BN 0-945289-07-3 PY 1997 BP 1066 EP 1070 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics SC Engineering; Computer Science GA BJ82J UT WOS:A1997BJ82J00233 ER PT B AU Pruitt, JS Burns, JJ Wetteland, CR Dumestre, TL AF Pruitt, JS Burns, JJ Wetteland, CR Dumestre, TL GP HUMAN FACTORS & ERGONOM SOC TI ShipMATE: Shipboard Mobile Aid for Training and Evaluation SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY 41ST ANNUAL MEETING, 1997, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Human-Factors-and-Ergonomics-Society CY 1997 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Human Factors & Ergonom Soc AB Training tactical decision making teams is as difficult a training challenge as military trainers face today. The navy's Advanced Embedded Training System (AETS) seeks to integrate scenario generation and support tools with advanced data collection and reduction technologies in an effort to support those responsible for shipboard team training. In order to realize the potential of both the advanced technologies and the expertise of the trainers, we are developing a hand-held device which links the trainer to the automated data collection and performance assessment subsystem. The ShipMATE (Shipboard Mobile Aid for Training and Evaluation) is designed to integrate the trainer into all aspects of scenario-based training including a real time, interactive link to the automated data collection and performance assessment subsystem. In this paper, we present a detailed description of ShipMATE focusing on the first performance measurement tool hosted by the system. RP Pruitt, JS (reprint author), USN,WARFARE CTR,TRAINING SYST DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOC PI SANTA MONICA PA PO BOX 1369, SANTA MONICA, CA 90406-1369 BN 0-945289-07-3 PY 1997 BP 1113 EP 1117 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics SC Engineering; Computer Science GA BJ82J UT WOS:A1997BJ82J00244 ER PT B AU Pflug, LA Ioup, GE Ioup, JW Jackson, P AF Pflug, LA Ioup, GE Ioup, JW Jackson, P GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Variability in higher order statistics of measured shallow-water shipping noise SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING WORKSHOP ON HIGHER-ORDER STATISTICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Signal Processing Workshop on Higher-Order Statistics CY JUL 21-23, 1997 CL BANFF, CANADA SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc, USN, Off Naval Res AB Many underwater acoustic signal processing algorithms are designed for use in stationary and/or Gaussian noise. While these assumptions are often valid for applications in deep water ocean areas, they may not be appropriate for shallow water areas, especially in the presence of local shipping activity. Local shipping also produces spatial correlation in the noise and introduces additional complexity for multichannel processing. In this paper, two 30-minute sets of ambient ocean noise, recorded near the San Diego, California coast, are analyzed for stationarity and Gaussianity using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Since processing algorithms based on higher order statistics often assume Gaussianity, time-dependent fluctuations in the third and fourth order cumulants are also analyzed. The analysis reveals significant variability in the time lengths of stationary periods, and episodic periods of nonGaussianity that last for up to five minutes. Statistical fluctuations appear predominantly in the second and fourth order cumulants rather than the third order cumulant. The shipping noise is also shown to be correlated between pairs of hydrophones with the level of correlation varying over time and the correlation ranging from positive to negative with increasing channel separation. RP Pflug, LA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7173,STENNIS SPACE CTR,MS 39529, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 BN 0-8186-8006-7 PY 1997 BP 400 EP 404 DI 10.1109/HOST.1997.613555 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BJ29F UT WOS:A1997BJ29F00080 ER PT B AU Pflug, LA Ioup, GE Ioup, JW AF Pflug, LA Ioup, GE Ioup, JW GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Higher order moment detection of transients in measured shallow-water noise SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING WORKSHOP ON HIGHER-ORDER STATISTICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Signal Processing Workshop on Higher-Order Statistics CY JUL 21-23, 1997 CL BANFF, CANADA SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc, USN, Off Naval Res AB A comparison between second and fourth order moment detectors is made for three low frequency transient signals embedded in measured ambient shipping noise from a shallow-water area. Detector evaluations must be made over short periods of time because of the nonstationary nature of the noise. Results indicate that the fourth order moment detects better than the second order moment for the two nonGaussian transient signals, but not as well for the more Gaussian transient signal. This suggests that the fourth order moment detector be used in addition to the second order moment detector, rather than as a replacement. The results of detection simulations with independent Gaussian noise are given for comparison to the results with the measured shipping noise. The comparison indicates that gains for the fourth order moment detector over the second order moment detector are higher in the shipping noise than in the Gaussian noise for the two nonGaussian signals. RP Pflug, LA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7173,STENNIS SPACE CTR,MS 39529, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 BN 0-8186-8006-7 PY 1997 BP 405 EP 409 DI 10.1109/HOST.1997.613556 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BJ29F UT WOS:A1997BJ29F00081 ER PT B AU Pierce, RD AF Pierce, RD GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Application of the positive alpha-stable distribution SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING WORKSHOP ON HIGHER-ORDER STATISTICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Signal Processing Workshop on Higher-Order Statistics CY JUL 21-23, 1997 CL BANFF, CANADA SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc, USN, Off Naval Res AB Many physical phenomena are non-Gaussian and if the observed data have frequently occurring extreme values, then the phenomena may be modeled as a random process with an alpha-stable distribution. When positive and negative outcomes are equally likely, then the process would be symmetric alpha-stable (S alpha S); however when only positive outcomes are possible, then the process would be positive alpha-stable (P alpha S). Phenomena related to energy or power are examples. This paper presents the characteristics and potential applications for the P alpha S distribution. For this distribution all negative-order moments exist and ratios of these moments are used to estimate alpha. Application areas that will be examined include: seismic activity, ocean wave variability, and radar sea clutter modulation. The correlation properties of these data are examined. RP Pierce, RD (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910, USA. NR 0 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 BN 0-8186-8006-7 PY 1997 BP 420 EP 424 DI 10.1109/HOST.1997.613559 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BJ29F UT WOS:A1997BJ29F00084 ER PT B AU Prokes, SM AF Prokes, SM BE Schmuki, P Lockwood, DJ Isaacs, H Bsiesy, A TI The role of oxygen related defect centers and room temperature red photoluminescence in porous silicon. SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PITS AND PORES: FORMATION, PROPERTIES, AND SIGNIFICANCE FOR ADVANCED LUMINESCENT MATERIALS SE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Pits and Pores, at the 191st Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY MAY 04-09, 1997 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc AB Since bulk silicon does not emit light in the visible part of the spectrum, the discovery of visible luminescence from porous silicon has been quite surprising, This material differs from bulk silicon in one important way, in that it consists of interconnected silicon nanostructures, having very large surface to volume ratios, The first emission mechanism proposed involved carrier recombination within quantum size silicon particles, but more recent work has shown that surface emission models play an important rob in the emission process. The problems with the quantum confinement model win be discussed in view of current data, and an oxygen center luminescence model will be discussed, with supporting experimental data. A direct correlation between the presence of these centers and the red photoluminescence in both as-made and oxidized PSi will be presented. RP Prokes, SM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2896 BN 1-56677-134-X J9 ELEC SOC S PY 1997 VL 97 IS 7 BP 378 EP 388 PG 11 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BK03G UT WOS:A1997BK03G00034 ER PT B AU Irey, PM Marlow, DT Harrison, RD AF Irey, PM Marlow, DT Harrison, RD GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Distributing time sensitive data in a COTS shared media environment SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE JOINT WORKSHOP ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME SYSTEMS: FIFTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME SYSTEMS (WPDRTS) AND THE THIRD WORKSHOP ON OBJECT-ORIENTED REAL-TIME SYSTEMS (OORTS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Real-Time Systems (WPDRTS) / 3rd Workshop on Object-Oriented Real-Time Systems (OORTS) CY APR 01-03, 1997 CL GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SP Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, NSWCDD, US, USA, MICOM, Hollands Signaalapparaten, Netherlands AB Traditionally, the Navy has developed systems which distribute time-sensitive data using specialized components such as dedicated point-to-point communications links. Today, however, the Navy is moving away from specialized solutions and toward Commercial-Off-the-Shelf (COTS) components to both keep up with the rapid pace of technology changes and to reduce system costs. COTS components are designed to meet needs of applications in the general commercial marketplace, not the specialized needs of real-time applications. This paper examines the ability of COTS workstations to distribute and process time sensitive data in a shared media environment. Several metrics are defined and then used to evaluate the performance of a simulated time sensitive data distribution and processing mechanism running on COTS workstations from Hewlett Packard, the Digital Equipment Corporation, and Sun Microsystems. The data collected is analyzed. COTS real-time operating system features are then used to tune the performance of the client and sever components of the mechanism. RP Irey, PM (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SYST RES & TECHNOL DEPT,COMBAT SYST BRANCH,DAHLGREN DIV,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 BN 0-8186-8097-0 PY 1997 BP 53 EP 62 DI 10.1109/WPDRTS.1997.637863 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BJ89V UT WOS:A1997BJ89V00007 ER PT B AU Binning, PW Galysh, I AF Binning, PW Galysh, I GP INST NAVIGAT INST NAVIGAT INST NAVIGAT TI Satellite to satellite relative navigation using GPS pseudoranges SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING - NAVIGATION AND POSITIONING IN THE INFORMATION AGE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ION National Meeting on Navigation and Positioning in the Information Age CY JAN 14-16, 1997 CL SANTA MONICA, CA SP Inst Navigat AB Researchers at NRL have written an orbit determination package which is able to process GPS measurements in an effort to estimate an absolute and a relative spacecraft state. This paper will focus solely on the relative navigation algorithms and the simulated attainable accuracies through the use of GPS simulation hardware. There will be three differential algorithms presented which represent possible methods for determining the relative state between two spacecraft. Two different separation distances will be presented. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Binning, PW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST NAVIGATION PI WASHINGTON PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA PY 1997 BP 407 EP 415 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA BK05J UT WOS:000071004000038 ER PT B AU Gordon, D Subramanian, D AF Gordon, D Subramanian, D BE Shafto, MG Langley, P TI A cognitive model of learning to navigate SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINETEENTH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE COGNITIVE SCIENCE SOCIETY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Annual Conference of the Cognitive-Science-Society CY AUG 07-10, 1997 CL STANFORD UNIV, Stanford, CA SP Cognit Sci Soc HO STANFORD UNIV AB Our goal is to develop a cognitive model of how humans acquire skills on complex cognitive tasks. We are pursuing this goal by designing computational architectures for the NRL Navigation task, which requires competent sensorimotor coordination. In this paper, we analyze the NRL Navigation task in depth. We then use data from experiments with human subjects learning this task to guide us in constructing a cognitive model of skill acquisition for the task. Verbal protocol data augments the black box view provided by execution traces of inputs and outputs. Computational experiments allow us to explore a space of alternative architectures for the task, guided by the quality of fit to human performance data. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gordon, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5510,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC PUBL PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430 USA BN 0-8058-2941-5 PY 1997 BP 271 EP 276 PG 6 WC Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA BS07J UT WOS:000168551500047 ER PT B AU Trafton, JG Wauchope, K Raymond, P Deubner, B Stroup, J Marsh, E AF Trafton, JG Wauchope, K Raymond, P Deubner, B Stroup, J Marsh, E BE Shafto, MG Langley, P TI How natural is natural language for intelligent tutoring systems? SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINETEENTH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE COGNITIVE SCIENCE SOCIETY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Annual Conference of the Cognitive-Science-Society CY AUG 07-10, 1997 CL STANFORD UNIV, Stanford, CA SP Cognit Sci Soc HO STANFORD UNIV C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Trafton, JG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC PUBL PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430 USA BN 0-8058-2941-5 PY 1997 BP 1070 EP 1070 PG 1 WC Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA BS07J UT WOS:000168551500365 ER PT S AU Valent, PJ Young, DK Palowitch, AW AF Valent, PJ Young, DK Palowitch, AW BE Chung, JS Das, BM Matsui, T Thiel, H TI Simulation of Deep Ocean Relocation of dredged material SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL I, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers DE dredging; dredged materials; numerical modeling; environmental effects; abyssal seafloor AB Each year, 300 x 10(6) m(3) (400 x 10(6) yd(3)) of sediment are dredged in the United States of which 3 to 5 percent is polluted and cannot be used beneficially or returned to the environment. Disposal of this polluted dredged material is a national problem. One possible solution under study is to relocate polluted dredged material to the seafloor of the abyssal ocean, considered to include those depths greater than 3000 meters. A project sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency focused on physics-based simulations of processes involved in this waste management option. SimDOR, which stands for Simulation of Deep Ocean Relocation, concentrated primarily on sites of the abyssal seafloor of the North Atlantic Ocean and considered dredged material coming from the eastern seaboard of the United Stares. Results from the SimDOR project are also generally applicable to west coast and Gulf of Mexico ports. The SimDOR project took advantage of recent advances in numerical modeling capabilities, simulation concepts, and visualization technology. Concepts and analytical models were developed and integrated to enable simulation of the entire process from dredging through long-term impact on the abyssal environment, allowing engineers, scientists, environmentalists, and the public an opportunity to study and understand all aspects of this option. Systems to dredge sediments, load containers, transport them to the ocean site, and ensure their safe descent to the abyssal seafloor were designed, simulated, and evaluated Hydrodynamic, geochemical, and biological effects of the relocation process on scales ranging from the rime of disposal of dredged material on the abyssal seafloor to years, tens of years, and thousands of years in the future were simulated and visualized. It is concluded that deep ocean relocation of polluted, dredged material offers a potentially economically sound and environmentally safe alternative to land-based waste isolation. RP Valent, PJ (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, STENNIS SPACE CTR, MS 39529 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-29-X J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 505 EP 509 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA BJ14B UT WOS:A1997BJ14B00075 ER PT S AU Karr, L Hakonson, TE Harre, B AF Karr, L Hakonson, TE Harre, B BE Chung, JS Das, BM Matsui, T Thiel, H TI Infiltration control cover technology demonstration at Marine Corps base Hawaii - Preliminary of water balance monitoring SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL I, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers DE landfill; capping; water harvesting; water balance; infiltration AB This paper presents preliminary results from a landfill capping demonstration conducted by the Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center (NFESC) at Marine Corps Base Hawaii (MCBH). Specific details about construction and sampling methods used in the study are not presented here as they appear elsewhere (Hakonson, 1994 and 1996). This paper summarizes some of the data that has been collected on precipitation, runoff, and percolation from the MCBH covers beginning November 1995 through July 1996. Data from this analysis were also compared against corresponding data for a clay cap obtained from Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) KELP, Version 3, water balance model (EPA, 1994). Preliminary results from the runoff enhancing structures (RES) designs appear encouraging in that they are producing results in line with the technical theory behind them. RP Karr, L (reprint author), USN, FACILITIES ENGN RES CTR, PORT HUENEME, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-29-X J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 526 EP 531 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA BJ14B UT WOS:A1997BJ14B00079 ER PT S AU Chan, DB AF Chan, DB BE Chung, JS Das, BM Matsui, T Thiel, H TI Decomposition of PCB in soils/sediments using the base-catalyzed decomposition process (BCDP) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL I, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers DE PCB; BCDP; remediation AB The BCDP, patented by the Environmental Protection Agency/National Risk Management Research Laboratory (EPA/NRMRL) in Cincinnati Ohio is a cost-effective treatment process for removal/detoxification of PCBs and other halogenated compounds in a contaminated medium, either liquid or soils/sediments. The BCDP is a catalytic transfer hydrogenation reaction. by which. the chlorine or other halogen atoms on chlorinated/halogenated molecules, such PCBs. are removed and replaced with hydrogen atoms under a low-temperature environment and in the presence of a metal catalyst and a hydrogen donor. A BCDP system of 1-2 tan per hour capacity was developed, designed. fabricated. and demonstrated at the U. S. Navy Public Works Center(PWC) in Guam. The system was then modified (mainly on Air Pollution Control System (APCS) components) and used at the same site to cleanup 10,000 tons of PCB contaminated soils. The soil originally contained an average of 2,500 parts per million (ppm) PCBs that was successfully reduced down to a maximum of 2 ppm per PCB congener, which has met regulator's cleanup standard. RP Chan, DB (reprint author), USN, FACILITIES ENGN SERV CTR, PORT HUENEME, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-29-X J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 554 EP 560 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA BJ14B UT WOS:A1997BJ14B00084 ER PT S AU Major, W Karr, L Warren, G Norbutas, J AF Major, W Karr, L Warren, G Norbutas, J BE Chung, JS Das, BM Matsui, T Thiel, H TI Red Hill fuel tank leak detection SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL I, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers DE Leak detection; fuel storage; underground storage tanks; finite element modeling; low range differential pressure system AB The Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center (NFESC) is currently tasked with a Research, Development, Test and Evaluation (RDT&E) project for a leak detection system for the large tanks in the Red Hill Underground Fuel Storage Facility near Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Initial calibration and demonstration tests have been conducted on a prototype version of the system installed in an underground storage tank (UST) at the Naval Air Station North Island, San Diego. The Red Hill Facility system is scheduled for calibration, demonstration and certification testing in the summer of 1997. RP Major, W (reprint author), USN, FACILITIES ENGN SERV CTR, PORT HUENEME, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-29-X J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 561 EP 565 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA BJ14B UT WOS:A1997BJ14B00085 ER PT S AU Kang, W Papoulias, FA AF Kang, W Papoulias, FA BE Chung, JS Frederking, RMW Saeki, H Bekker, AT TI Bifurcation and normal forms of dive plane reversal of submersible vehicles SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL II, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers AB The problem of dive plane reversal of submersible vehicles at low speeds is analyzed using bifurcation theory, Simulation and numerical results are supported by a formal analysis procedure which includes calculation of normal forms and invariant resonant terms, It is shown that the primary loss of stability occurs in the form of a pitchfork bifurcation. A Feedback control strategy is proposed which guarantees local stability of the nominal equilibrium state across the bifurcation point, Other applications, currently under consideration, for this general approach of bifurcation control are outlined. RP Kang, W (reprint author), USN, POSTGRAD SCH, MONTEREY, CA 93940 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-30-3 J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 62 EP 68 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA BJ14C UT WOS:A1997BJ14C00010 ER PT S AU Barthelemy, JL AF Barthelemy, JL BE Chung, JS Frederking, RMW Saeki, H Bekker, AT TI Landing and parking curves for the C-17 Globemaster on sea ice: McMurdo Station, Antarctica SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL II, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers AB The United States Antarctic Program operates a seasonal sea-ice runway at McMurdo Station that supports heavy-haul wheeled aircraft during the short bur viral resupply window. The Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center provides criteria to the National Science Foundation for the safe operation of these aircraft. During 1996, landing and parking curves were developed for the newest Air Force transport, the C-17 Globemaster, which had been scheduled tentatively for service in Antarctica in the month of October 1996. Although this new transport weighs somewhat less than the C-5 Galaxy it is scheduled to replace, the C-17 also has just half as many wheels, and leaves correspondingly heavier footprints on the ice. III spite of somewhat greater localized stresses around the landing gear. the thickness of sea ice grown during the ''typical'' antarctic winter is sufficient to support the maximum aircraft weight of 2.6 MN on landing, takeoff and during turnaround parking. RP Barthelemy, JL (reprint author), USN, FACIL ENGN SERV CTR, PORT HUENEME, CA 93041 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-30-3 J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 523 EP 528 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA BJ14C UT WOS:A1997BJ14C00080 ER PT S AU Posey, PG Preller, RH AF Posey, PG Preller, RH BE Chung, JS Frederking, RMW Saeki, H Bekker, AT TI The Polar Ice Prediction System (PIPS 2.0) - The navy's sea ice forecasting system SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL II, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers DE sea ice forecast; ice drift; ice edge and ice model AB The Polar ice Prediction System (PIPS 2.0) is the operational model used by the Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FNMOC) for sea ice forecasting. The PIPS 2.0 coupled ice-ocean model forecasts ice conditions from the North Pole south to 30 degrees N latitude. The PIPS 2.0 makes a 120-hour forecast each day of ice drift, ice thickness and ice concentration. Ice concentration data from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) is used to initialize the system's forecast. Results from PIPS 2.0 forecasts with and without the use of SSM/I data for initialization will be discussed. RP Posey, PG (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, STENNIS SPACE CTR, MS 39529 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-30-3 J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 537 EP 543 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA BJ14C UT WOS:A1997BJ14C00082 ER PT S AU Preller, RH Posey, PG AF Preller, RH Posey, PG BE Chung, JS Frederking, RMW Saeki, H Bekker, AT TI Source locations of contaminated sea ice derived using backward trajectories from an ice-ocean model SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL II, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers DE Arctic contaminants; contaminated sediments; ice drift; contaminated sea ice; ice AB Results from the U.S. Navy's Polar Ice Prediction System 2.0 (PIPS 2.0), a coupled ice-ocean model, are used to determine source locations of sediment laden sea ice found in the Arctic, Model derived daily ice velocities are used to calculate a ''backward trajectory'' for parcels of sea ice. The ''end'' of this trajectory represents the location at which the ice formed or detached from landfast ice. For ice parcels that contain contaminated sediment, this technique may provide a method for determining the source locations of these contaminants. RP Preller, RH (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, STENNIS SPACE CTR, MS 39529 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-30-3 J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 608 EP 614 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA BJ14C UT WOS:A1997BJ14C00092 ER PT S AU Lin, RQ Perrie, W AF Lin, RQ Perrie, W BE Chung, JS Kim, CH Olagnon, M Naito, S TI Shallow water equilibrium range waves SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL III, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers DE equilibrium range; wave breaking; finite water depth; conformal transformation method AB Zakharov and Filonenko (1966) found the equilibrium energy spectrum, E-e = alpha omega(-4) in deep water, by applying a conformal transformation method to the steady state energy balance equation. Following their approach, we derive the equilibrium energy in finite water depth. For the linear case in the deep water limit, our formulation agrees with the omega(-4) solution by Zakharov and Filonenko (1966). In the shallow water, our formulation is approximately proportional to omega(-2) and can be shown to be consistent with observations. To study the wave breaking dissipation energy, we define a single wave breaking condition for finite depth water, motivated by the deep water formulation by Banner and Phillips (1974), using a normalized wave amplitude concept for finite water depth. Wave breaking dissipation energy was evaluated as the difference between the equilibrium energy spectrum, E-e, and corresponding maximum energy spectrum, using an appropriate coupling joint probability, following Yuen (1982). RP Lin, RQ (reprint author), USN, CTR SURFACE WARFARE, CARDEROCK DIV, DAVID TAYLOR MODEL BASIN, BETHESDA, MD 20084 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-31-1 J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 156 EP 161 PG 6 WC Engineering, Marine; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA BJ14D UT WOS:A1997BJ14D00023 ER PT S AU Su, MY AF Su, MY BE Chung, JS Kim, CH Olagnon, M Naito, S TI Shallow-water nonlinear wave instabilities and energy transfer SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL III, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers AB There are essentially two types of three-dimensional instabilities of nonlinear surface gravity waves (Types I and II). Their relative importance depend on their wave steepness as well as on the water depth on which waves travel. In shallow water, Type II instability is one-order stronger than Type I instability and has the strongest instability in the directions away from the main wave propagation direction. The current theories about nonlinear wave-wave interactions in shallow water include three types: The first is unidirectional (Freilich and Guza, 1984). The second is three dimensional in general and strongest in the primary wave direction, but is suppressed in very shallow water(Hasselman, 1962). The third is also 3-dimensional but is enhanced in shallow water (McLean, 1982, Su a al., 1982b Liu and Huang, 1996). This paper shall discuss the physical meaning and the relationship among the above nonlinear wave instabilities and the nonlinear wave-wave interactions. RP Su, MY (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, STENNIS SPACE CTR, MS 39529 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-31-1 J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 175 EP 177 PG 3 WC Engineering, Marine; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA BJ14D UT WOS:A1997BJ14D00026 ER PT S AU Teague, WJ Hwang, PA Wang, DWC Thompson, EF Jacobs, GA AF Teague, WJ Hwang, PA Wang, DWC Thompson, EF Jacobs, GA BE Chung, JS Kim, CH Olagnon, M Naito, S TI A wave/wind climatology for the Gulf of Mexico SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL III, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers DE waves; winds; climatology; satellite; buoy AB Significant wave heights, wave period, and wind speed over the Gull of Mexico have been derived from the NASA altimeter on the TOPEX / POSEIDON satellite for 1992-1995. TOPEX / POSEIDON ground tracks in this region are approximately 300 km apart and have an along track resolution of about 7 km. Climatological maps of the Gulf of Mexico for these parameters have been generated for annual and seasonal time periods. Strong seasonality is clearly shown from these maps. Wave heights and wind speeds are found to increase from east to west across the Gulf. The fall and winter seasons are found to be most intense, with the largest significant wave heights and highest wind speeds observed during the fall season of 1995. Summer seasonal values were typically very low. The satellite data compare well with the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) in situ buoy data and Army Corps of Engineers Wave Information Studies (WIS) Gulf of Mexico wave hindcast model statistics. Statistics of wave parameters derived from TOPEX / POSEIDON are improved over earlier satellite missions due to the improvements in altimeter accuracy and longer satellite lifetime. RP Teague, WJ (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, STENNIS SPACE CTR, MS 39529 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-31-1 J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 279 EP 286 PG 8 WC Engineering, Marine; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA BJ14D UT WOS:A1997BJ14D00041 ER PT S AU Huang, ET AF Huang, ET BE Chung, JS Kim, CH Olagnon, M Naito, S TI Motional dynamics of coupled pontoons in seaways SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL III, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers DE ISO-configured; pontoons; modular construction; at-sea assembly; progressive connection; separation distance; dynamic motions; hydrodynamic and mechanical couplings AB The United Stares Navy is developing the connecting technology required to assemble floating platforms under conditions of elevated sea states, using ISO-configured pontoons suitable for rapid transport aboard commercial containerships. Assembly of pontoon structures on open water is influenced substantially by rapid random motions induced by waves, requiring a means for drawing together and aligning adjoining pontoons as the connection is made. The sea keeping characteristics of pontoons that are coupled both mechanically and hydrodynamically have been established to guide the design of connecting hardware. Hydraulic model tests conducted by the Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center (NFESC) indicate that a particular coupling apparatus may either reduce or augment wave-induced relative motion, depending on the layout and dynamic characteristics of the rigging system. Improper rigging could result in unacceptable excursions between sections - relative motions leading to collisions between pontoons or over tensioning of drawing lines - both problems that limit the success of engaging the coupling apparatus. The dynamic behavior of coupled pontoon sections is most sensitive to the level of pre-tensioning measured within the drawing lines. This paper presents the motional characteristics of a pair of coupled, ISO-configured pontoons as observed in a hydraulic model test, and addresses the significance of these tests to the design of rigid connectors. RP Huang, ET (reprint author), USN, FACILITIES ENGN SERV CTR, PORT HUENEME, CA 93043 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-31-1 J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 596 EP 601 PG 6 WC Engineering, Marine; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA BJ14D UT WOS:A1997BJ14D00087 ER PT S AU Paguio, RF Flores, R AF Paguio, RF Flores, R BE Puthli, RS Suga, Y Patrikalakis, N TI Navy total asset visibility: A system component review SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL IV, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers DE logistics; tracking; wireless; radio frequency; inventory; tags; assets AB The Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center (NFESC) is developing a logistics management system to support the shifting operational paradigm of the Unites States Navy. The shift from shore-based to sea-based facilities Hill require a more efficient use of operating space and will nor allow for the storage of an oversupply of goods. NFESC is using Radio Frequency Identification technologies to develop a refined asset tracking system that will allow the Navy to keep a much more accurate accounting of its inventory status. Users at all points in the supply chain will have the capability to access autonomous, real-time container manifest, and asset location information as items are sent from warehousing facilities in the continental United States to off shore bases throughout the world. RP Paguio, RF (reprint author), USN, FACIL ENGN SERV CTR, PORT HUENEME, CA 93041 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-32-X J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 768 EP 772 PG 5 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA BJ14E UT WOS:A1997BJ14E00115 ER PT S AU Hatch, WG Huang, ET Barthelemy, JL AF Hatch, WG Huang, ET Barthelemy, JL BE Puthli, RS Suga, Y Patrikalakis, N TI Developing and testing a rough-water flexible connector system for pontoon barges SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL IV, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers DE navy-lightered (NL) pontoon; barge; causeway section; constant tension winch; flexible connector; separation force; pretension; in-line configuration; hip-tow configuration and modified in-line configuration AB This paper presents the test results from a series of sea trials involving a new flexible connection system for joining multiple pontoon barges in elevated seaways. The tests were conducted to verify the performance of proposed rigging systems and operational procedures, and establish the credibility of the new flexible connector concept. The new connector and supporting methods of rigging and joining are designed to reduce and relieve the dynamic loads that occur as a result of relative motions and tug-induced forces. information that is presented includes a description of the test the flexible connector system, description of test conditions and procedures, details of calibration, summary of results, and list of lessons learned. RP Hatch, WG (reprint author), USN, FACIL ENGN SERV CTR, PORT HUENEME, CA 93041 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-32-X J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 773 EP 779 PG 7 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA BJ14E UT WOS:A1997BJ14E00116 ER PT S AU Lin, SS AF Lin, SS BE Puthli, RS Suga, Y Patrikalakis, N TI Rapid steel pile cutting technology SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL IV, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers DE elevated causeway; pile cutting; amphibious cargo transfer; steel cutting technologies; explosives and shaped charges; abrasive water jet AB This paper presents the results of the technological assessment of steel pipe pile cutting technologies, and the preliminary tests of an automated plasma are cutter. A rapid pipe cutting technology is needed in support of the Navy Modular Elevated Causeway System, which transfers cargo from ships moored offshore to an unimproved beach staging area The developed cutter will be used to improve the efficiency of the causeway system installation by reducing the pile cutting time from 20 minutes with the current practice to less than 3 minutes. RP Lin, SS (reprint author), USN, FACIL ENGN SERV CTR, PORT HUENEME, CA 93041 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-32-X J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 780 EP 783 PG 4 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA BJ14E UT WOS:A1997BJ14E00117 ER PT S AU Murdoch, MA Bretz, G AF Murdoch, MA Bretz, G BE Puthli, RS Suga, Y Patrikalakis, N TI Design of an expeditionary port facility SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL IV, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers DE piers; ports; expeditionary; deployable; causeways; RO/RO; single point moorings AB The Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center (NFESC) was tasked to develop a conceptual design package for an expeditionary port facility capable of rapid installation, simultaneous offload of two deep draft cargo ships during operations, and located up to 3 km offshore. The system design for the Rapidly Deployed Pier (RDP) includes a floating multi-deck pierhead moored by a single point mooring at the bow and a compliant mooring system aft, involving the pierhead to be rotated about the SPM pivot point, The floating pierhead is connected to shore by a fixed, elevated approachway constructed using a cantilevered construction method. RP Murdoch, MA (reprint author), USN, FACIL ENGN SERV CTR, PORT HUENEME, CA 93041 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-32-X J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 784 EP 789 PG 6 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA BJ14E UT WOS:A1997BJ14E00118 ER PT S AU Silver, AL Dalzell, JF AF Silver, AL Dalzell, JF BE Puthli, RS Suga, Y Patrikalakis, N TI Risk based decisions for entrance channel operation and design SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH (1997) INTERNATIONAL OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL IV, 1997 SE International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-97) CY MAY 25-30, 1997 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Int Soc Offshore & Polar Engineers DE channels; ports; waves; ship motions; dynamic drafts; tide; operator guidance AB Economic and environmental pressures have required the Navy to minimize dredging when determining the depth of entrance channels for deep draft ships. To maintain the capability of these deep draft ships transiting shallow entrance channels safely, the Navy has developed a risk-based methodology to aid in grounding avoidance and minimizing required channel depth. This methodology generates a prediction of the underkeel clearance of the ship during transit of a channel of a defined depth and calculates the associated risk. The risk of the ship touching the channel bottom is calculated based upon the uncertainties in each of the major parameters contributing to the underkeel clearance prediction. A summary of the details of the underkeel clearance prediction, the risk model, and its application in an operational system and channel depth determination is provided. RP Silver, AL (reprint author), USN, CTR SURFACE WARFARE, BETHESDA, MD 20084 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OFFSHORE& POLAR ENGINEERS PI CUPERTINO PA PO BOX 189, CUPERTINO, CA 95015-0189 USA SN 1098-6189 BN 1-880653-32-X J9 INT OFFSHORE POLAR E PY 1997 BP 815 EP 822 PG 8 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA BJ14E UT WOS:A1997BJ14E00122 ER PT B AU Kersten, PR AF Kersten, PR GP IEEE TI Implementation issues in the fuzzy c-Medians clustering algorithm SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SIXTH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUZZY SYSTEMS, VOLS I - III LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE 97) CY JUL 01-05, 1997 CL BARCELONA, SPAIN SP IEEE, Neural Network Council AB The fuzzy c-Median (FCMED) clustering algorithm is an alternating optimization (AO) method of solving the fuzzy c-Means (FCM) clustering algorithm using the l(1)-norm. This algorithm is more resistant to outliers than the FCM-AO algorithm using the l(2)-norm. The robustness of the FCMED does not come free, since the fuzzy median is the cluster-centering statistic and exact evaluation of the fuzzy median usually involves ordering the sample values. The efficiency of calculating the fuzzy median is an important implementation issue. Two other evaluation methods are considered for the fuzzy median: The first is the remedian, which statisticians use to simplify the estimation of the median. A fuzzy remedian is defined and used to approximate the fuzzy median. The second method finds the root of the derivative of the functional equation defining the fuzzy median. Both approaches are described and illustrated in this paper. RP Kersten, PR (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAP DIV,TARGET RECOGNIT SECT,CODE 452220D,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3797-2 PY 1997 BP 957 EP 962 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA BJ56L UT WOS:A1997BJ56L00156 ER PT B AU RosePehrsson, SL Choi, LS AF RosePehrsson, SL Choi, LS BE Ricco, AJ Vanyek, P Horvai, G Silva, AF TI Investigations of quartz crystal microbalances for detection of oily waste water SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SENSORS AND ANALYTICAL ELECTROCHEMICAL METHODS SE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Chemical and Biological Sensors and Analytical Electrochemical Methods CY 1997 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP Int Soc Electrochem, Electrochem Soc AB Quartz crystal microbalances are being investigated for detection of hydrocarbons in oily waste water. Gold, silver, and aluminum electrode devices are being coated with cast thin film polymers or self-assembled trichlorosilane functionalized materials. The responses observed for these coatings were reversible and reproducible. The differences in sensor responses to aromatic and alkane chemical species were not as great as expected for benzyl-, n-decyl-, and docosyl- trichlorosilane coatings. These materials appear to be very sensitive to deposition techniques. The thicker polymer coating are easier to deposit and provided more reproducible responses. The polyisobutylene coated devices provided responses for benzene, toluene, xylene (BTX) and naphthalene. Silane functionalized materials have demonstrated sensitivity to alkanes, isopropanol, diesel fuel marine, and the actual effluent samples. The gold electrode devices demonstrated the best stability over time in the aqueous medium, while the silver electrode devices were the least stable, with visible evidence of oxidation or corrosion in both dry air and in water. RP RosePehrsson, SL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6116,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2896 BN 1-56677-147-1 J9 ELEC SOC S PY 1997 VL 97 IS 19 BP 841 EP 847 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BJ30V UT WOS:A1997BJ30V00101 ER PT B AU Hagans, PL Swider, KE Rolison, DR AF Hagans, PL Swider, KE Rolison, DR BE McBreen, J Mukerjee, S Srinivasan, S TI The chemical state of Ru in Pt-Ru direct methanol fuel cell anode electrocatalysts SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTRODE MATERIALS AND PROCESSES FOR ENERGY CONVERSION AND STORAGE IV SE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Electrode Materials and Processes for Energy Conversion and Storage IV, at the 191st Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY MAY 04-09, 1997 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP Electrochem Sci AB Bulk and surface analyses of commercial as-received direct methanol fuel cell Pt-Ru electrocatalysts indicate that a significant portion of the Ru exists as RuO2 and/or a hydrous oxide. A consistent picture of the chemical state of these catalysts arises from their characterization by glow discharge mass spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analysis and x-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, In two of the commercial Pt-Ru catalysts examined, the amount of Ru present as oxidized Ru was similar to 95 and 75 atom%. Tn addition, significant quantities of various transition metal and light element impurities are incorporated in the as-received catalysts. The ramifications of these findings are discussed with regard to the existence of metal alloy, the state of the surfaces that farm the catalyst-ionomer-reductant interphase, the degree of catalyst activity and the methanol decomposition mechanism. RP Hagans, PL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6170,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2896 BN 1-56677-140-4 J9 ELEC SOC S PY 1997 VL 97 IS 13 BP 86 EP 105 PG 20 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BJ58T UT WOS:A1997BJ58T00007 ER PT B AU McElvany, SW Holliman, CL AF McElvany, SW Holliman, CL BE Kadish, KM Ruoff, RS TI Gas-phase oxidation of fullerene and metallofullerene ions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON RECENT ADVANCES IN THE CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS OF FULLERENES AND RELATED MATERIALS, VOL 4 SE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Symposium of the Fullerenes-Group of the Electrochemical-Society, at the 191st Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society - Fullerenes: Chemistry, Physics, and New Directions IX CY MAY 04-09, 1997 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc, Fullerenes Grp AB The gas-phase ion/molecule reactions of fullerenes and endohedral metallofullerenes have been studied using Fourier transform mass spectrometry. The C-60 and C-70 anions react with ozone readily to add up to 16 oxygen atoms, while larger fullerenes, metallofullerenes and all cationic species are unreactive with ozone. Collision-induced dissociation experiments are used to probe the structure and bonding in these oxidized fullerenes. Comparisons are made betwen the known reactivity and behavior of the corresponding bulk species with the gas-phase properties of the ions examined in this study. RP McElvany, SW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6113,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2896 BN 1-56677-141-2 J9 ELEC SOC S PY 1997 VL 97 IS 14 BP 772 EP 782 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Physics GA BJ44R UT WOS:A1997BJ44R00080 ER PT S AU Gray, JE Harter, TL AF Gray, JE Harter, TL GP IEEE COMP SOC TI On the application of e(hD2) to evaluate integrals SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-NINTH SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY SE PROCEEDINGS - SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory CY MAR 09-11, 1997 CL COOKEVILLE, TN SP Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Control Syst Soc, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Mfg Res, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Elect Power AB We derive some results on determining the exponential of a derivative squared and apply it to several integrals including a communication theory integral. Using this technique, one can, in principle, compute the expected value of any function whose variables are Gaussian distributed. Some generalizations to defining functions defined as operators acting on other functions is also briefly considered. RP Gray, JE (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CODE N92 & B35,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 0094-2898 BN 0-8186-7873-9 J9 SOUTHEAST SYMP SYSTE PY 1997 BP 64 EP 68 DI 10.1109/SSST.1997.581580 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BH39D UT WOS:A1997BH39D00013 ER PT S AU Chen, RC Blair, WD AF Chen, RC Blair, WD GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Aeolotropic filter design and measurement gating for remote tracking with gridlock error SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-NINTH SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY SE PROCEEDINGS - SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory CY MAR 09-11, 1997 CL COOKEVILLE, TN SP Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Control Syst Soc, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Mfg Res, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Elect Power AB This paper analyzes the effect of gridlock (i, e., alignment) errors on a target track filtering algorithm used for tracking with radar measurements from a remote platform. The case considered is that in which two ships are located in a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, and radar measurements from one platform (remote) are used by another platform (local) to estimate the target position and velocity in the local platform coordinate system. Relative location errors only are considered. The effect of gridlock error on parameters of the remote platform filtering algorithm, as determined by a set of given design criteria, is investigated. In particular, the effects of gridlock error on the filter measurement gating threshold and filter gain coefficients are analyzed. RP Chen, RC (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN DIV,SYST RES & TECHNOL DEPT,CODE B32,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 0094-2898 BN 0-8186-7873-9 J9 SOUTHEAST SYMP SYSTE PY 1997 BP 75 EP 80 DI 10.1109/SSST.1997.581582 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BH39D UT WOS:A1997BH39D00015 ER PT S AU Murray, WJ Gray, JE AF Murray, WJ Gray, JE GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Target tracking with explicit control of filter lag SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-NINTH SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY SE PROCEEDINGS - SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory CY MAR 09-11, 1997 CL COOKEVILLE, TN SP Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Control Syst Soc, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Mfg Res, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Elect Power AB This paper presents a method of gain adjustment for an alpha-beta filter when data points are lost or when the tracking interval changes. The steady state position and velocity lags are first derived for a step acceleration input. The standard predictor-corrector form of the filter equations are algebraically rearranged into two uncoupled difference equations; one equation for the smoothed position and one for smoothed velocity. The equations are then solved for the smoothed estimates using the method of undetermined coefficients. The solution is shown to consist of input acceleration, transient terms and steady state lags. The transient terms counteract the effects of the steady state lags until the time determined by the filters lag time. The steady-state lags are used for optimal adjustment of filter gains for aperiodic track conditions. For a varying trade update interval, the filter gains which preserve a nominal periodic filter lag are derived. Such gain selection will preserve the nominal lags associated with the constant tracking interval regardless of how the update interval varies. An example demonstrates the improvement in performance from using this approach. RP Murray, WJ (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN DIV,COMBAT SYST DEPT,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 0094-2898 BN 0-8186-7873-9 J9 SOUTHEAST SYMP SYSTE PY 1997 BP 81 EP 85 DI 10.1109/SSST.1997.581583 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BH39D UT WOS:A1997BH39D00016 ER PT S AU Burton, SL Foster, GJ Gray, JE AF Burton, SL Foster, GJ Gray, JE GP IEEE COMP SOC TI A method for characterizing track goodness when design mismatch occurs SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-NINTH SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY SE PROCEEDINGS - SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory CY MAR 09-11, 1997 CL COOKEVILLE, TN SP Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Control Syst Soc, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Mfg Res, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Elect Power AB While the Kalman filter has been theoretically shown to be optimal as a tracking filter in sensor applications, the performance of the filter can be sub-optimal when the filter parameters are poorly selected or when the filter is used to track a class of target other than that for which the filter is optimized. Constant gain, steady state versions of the Kalman filter have properties that can be easily characterized analytically and then optimized for a selected design criteria. In this paper, we use the mean squared error in velocity as the design criterion to motivate the concept of track goodness and develop two indicators of track quality. We then use one of these indicators to predict the performance of a Kalman filter and an alpha-beta filter on an accelerating target for a range of designed acceleration parameters. Finally, we compare the predicted performance of both filters against the actual performance for design parameters at, above, and below the actual target acceleration. RP Burton, SL (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN DIV,COMBAT SYST DEPT,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 0094-2898 BN 0-8186-7873-9 J9 SOUTHEAST SYMP SYSTE PY 1997 BP 86 EP 89 DI 10.1109/SSST.1997.581584 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BH39D UT WOS:A1997BH39D00017 ER PT S AU Blair, WD BrandtPearce, M AF Blair, WD BrandtPearce, M GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Statistical description of monopulse parameters for tracking Rayleigh targets SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-NINTH SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY SE PROCEEDINGS - SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory CY MAR 09-11, 1997 CL COOKEVILLE, TN SP Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Control Syst Soc, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Mfg Res, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Elect Power AB Using the amplitude-conditioned Probability Density Function (PDF) for monopulse measurements, the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) is developed for any unbiased estimator of the Direction-of-Arrival (DOA). Maximum Likelihood (ML) end Method of Moments (MM) estimators of the DOA are developed along with estimates of the variances associated with the monopulse ratios and DOA estimate. The case of an unknown target amplitude is addressed by using the ML estimate of the target amplitude parameter formed from the sum-signal. Using simulation results, the performances of the ML and MM estimators of the DOA are compared with the standard monopulse ratio and the performance of the variance estimators is studied. RP Blair, WD (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SYST RES & TECHNOL DEPT,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 0094-2898 BN 0-8186-7873-9 J9 SOUTHEAST SYMP SYSTE PY 1997 BP 128 EP 132 DI 10.1109/SSST.1997.581592 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BH39D UT WOS:A1997BH39D00025 ER PT S AU Pieper, RJ Powers, JP Pace, PE AF Pieper, RJ Powers, JP Pace, PE GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Secure optical communications using wavelength tunable optical filters SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-NINTH SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY SE PROCEEDINGS - SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory CY MAR 09-11, 1997 CL COOKEVILLE, TN SP Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Control Syst Soc, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Mfg Res, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Elect Power AB This report will present several conceptual designs for all-optical implementations to enhance the security of optical communications links. The method takes advantage of technology which uses the wavelength selective filtering properties of electronically tunable high finesse Fabry-Perot interferometers(FPIs. For the application under consideration the FPI would physically separate from a broad band (e.g., > 20 nm) optical source, such as superluminescent LED, a narrow band (e.g., < 0.1 nm) of wavelengths and the latter would be modulated with the information signal of interest. The modulated optical signal is combined with the unmodulated part of the broadband signal prior to transmission. The decoding process at the receiver would require an identical FPI tuned to the same narrow band of wavelengths in order to selectively extract the modulated narrowband signal carrying the information transmitted. Robustness of the security is enhanced by the electronic tunability of the FPIs which could potentially lead to a wavelength-hopped transmission and tracking communication system. RP Pieper, RJ (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 0094-2898 BN 0-8186-7873-9 J9 SOUTHEAST SYMP SYSTE PY 1997 BP 261 EP 265 DI 10.1109/SSST.1997.581629 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BH39D UT WOS:A1997BH39D00050 ER PT S AU Pieper, RJ Kraus, AD AF Pieper, RJ Kraus, AD GP IEEE COMP SOC TI A transient analysis of heat transfer in double stack cold plates SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-NINTH SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY SE PROCEEDINGS - SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory CY MAR 09-11, 1997 CL COOKEVILLE, TN SP Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Control Syst Soc, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Mfg Res, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Elect Power AB There is practical interest in the mathematical characterization of the transient performance of heat dis sipating extended surfaces to problems in electronic packaging. Although there has been a significant amount of work concentrating on predicting transient behavior in basic monolithic Rn structures and shapes, none of these investigations is capable of handling complicated fin structures such as single or double cold-stack plates. As an example illustrating the application of the two-port method for transient analysis, the transient response to a step increase in power dissipation is predicted. RP Pieper, RJ (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 0094-2898 BN 0-8186-7873-9 J9 SOUTHEAST SYMP SYSTE PY 1997 BP 348 EP 352 DI 10.1109/SSST.1997.581660 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BH39D UT WOS:A1997BH39D00066 ER PT S AU Pieper, RJ Weatherford, T AF Pieper, RJ Weatherford, T GP IEEE COMP SOC TI An exact analysis for bimolecular band-to-band recombination lifetime under high injection conditions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-NINTH SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY SE PROCEEDINGS - SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory CY MAR 09-11, 1997 CL COOKEVILLE, TN SP Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Control Syst Soc, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Mfg Res, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Elect Power AB The bimolecular model for predicting transient band-to-band recombination lifetime in semiconductors is nonlinear in the excess carrier concentrations. Usually a low-injection assumption is made which linearizes the problem and yields for direct recombination the well known rule-of-thumb that the excess carrier lifetime should depend inversely on the doping concentration. For applications in which the low-injection assumption is invalid a more precise analysis which produces an injection dependent lifetime is presented. RP Pieper, RJ (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,MONTEREY,CA, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 0094-2898 BN 0-8186-7873-9 J9 SOUTHEAST SYMP SYSTE PY 1997 BP 415 EP 419 DI 10.1109/SSST.1997.581693 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BH39D UT WOS:A1997BH39D00078 ER PT S AU Groves, GW Blair, WD AF Groves, GW Blair, WD GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Simulation of narrow-band monopulse measurements of closely-spaced targets SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-NINTH SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY SE PROCEEDINGS - SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory CY MAR 09-11, 1997 CL COOKEVILLE, TN SP Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Control Syst Soc, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Mfg Res, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Elect Power AB When more than one target is in the main lobe of a monopulse radar, the problem of target resolution is important. Simulation of monopulse measurements by two methods of resolving the targets is considered. The first method uses pulse-compression by means of a phase-coded waveform in order to enhance the range resolution. The second is the transmission of a series of short pulses combined with Doppler processing in order to resolve targets in radial velocity rather than by range measurements alone. The returning echoed subpulses do not occur simultaneously with those generated by the signal-processing system, causing each subpulse to generally contribute to two consecutive matched-filter outputs. Thus, to be fully resolvable by measurement of range, any two targets in the beam must be separated by a range (time) exceeding two subpulse intervals. In Pulse Doppler the returning echoes are captured within a series of Range Gates during the periods between the transmitted pulses. Knowledge of both range and range rate, subject to ambiguities in both, is obtained. An algorithm for the simulation of monopulse measurements of closely-spaced targets at given ranges, range rates, and RCS is presented. RP Groves, GW (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SYST RES & TECHNOL DEPT,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 0094-2898 BN 0-8186-7873-9 J9 SOUTHEAST SYMP SYSTE PY 1997 BP 430 EP 434 DI 10.1109/SSST.1997.581696 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BH39D UT WOS:A1997BH39D00081 ER PT S AU Blair, WD Watson, GA BrandtPearce, M AF Blair, WD Watson, GA BrandtPearce, M GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Monopulse processing for DOA estimation of two unresolved Rayleigh targets with known relative RCS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-NINTH SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY SE PROCEEDINGS - SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory CY MAR 09-11, 1997 CL COOKEVILLE, TN SP Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Control Syst Soc, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Mfg Res, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Elect Power AB When two targets are closely-spaced with respect to the resolution of a radar, the measurements of the two targets will be merged when the target echoes are not resolved in angle, range, or radial velocity (i.e., Doppler processing). Monopulse processing is considered for Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) estimation of two unresolved Rayleigh targets with known relative Radar Cross Section (RCS). The mean of the in-phase (i.e., the real part) monopulse ratio and the variance of the in-phase and quadrature monopulse ratios are utilized to estimate the DOAs of the two targets. Simulation results that illustrate performance of the DOA estimators are given along with simulation results for a tracking example. RP Blair, WD (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SYST RES & TECHNOL DEPT,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 0094-2898 BN 0-8186-7873-9 J9 SOUTHEAST SYMP SYSTE PY 1997 BP 435 EP 439 DI 10.1109/SSST.1997.581697 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BH39D UT WOS:A1997BH39D00082 ER PT S AU Blair, WD BrandtPearce, M AF Blair, WD BrandtPearce, M GP IEEE COMP SOC TI On the probability distribution of monopulse measurements in the presence of sea-surface induced multipath SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-NINTH SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY SE PROCEEDINGS - SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory CY MAR 09-11, 1997 CL COOKEVILLE, TN SP Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Control Syst Soc, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Mfg Res, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Elect Power AB In tracking of low elevation targets with a monopulse radar, the presence of reflections from the sea surface can cause severe errors in the Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) measurements of the target. Since the target echoes that are received directly and via the sea surface are unresolved in time and frequency, tracking targets in the presence of sea-surface induced multipath is a special case of tracking unresolved targets. The sea-surface reflection consists of a specular (coherent) component and a diffuse (noncoherent) component. The probability density function of the measured amplitude of the sum signal and the amplitude-conditioned means and variances of the in-phase and quadrature monopulse ratios are given for low elevation targets in the presence of sea-surface induced multipath. RP Blair, WD (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SYST RES & TECHNOL DEPT,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 0094-2898 BN 0-8186-7873-9 J9 SOUTHEAST SYMP SYSTE PY 1997 BP 445 EP 449 DI 10.1109/SSST.1997.581702 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BH39D UT WOS:A1997BH39D00084 ER PT S AU Blair, WD Pearce, MB AF Blair, WD Pearce, MB GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Discrimination of targets and RGPO echoes using frequency diversity SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-NINTH SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY SE PROCEEDINGS - SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory CY MAR 09-11, 1997 CL COOKEVILLE, TN SP Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Control Syst Soc, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Mfg Res, Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Elect Power AB Targets performing Range Gate Pull Off (RGPO) utilize Digital Radio Frequency Memory (DRFM) to store the radar pulse and repeat the pulse at the radar with a controlled delay, so that the radar receives signals from the actual target and a false target. The use of frequency diversity in the discrimination of actual target echoes from the RGPO echoes is considered. The amplitudes of the target echoes are considered to be Rayleigh distributed, while the amplitude the RGPO echoes are considered to be fixed across the frequencies. Estimators of the amplitude parameters for Rayleigh and fixed-amplitude targets are presented along with algorithms for discriminating between fixed-amplitude and Rayleigh targets. The performance of the discrimination algorithms are illustrated through the results of Monte Carlo simulations. RP Blair, WD (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SYST RES & TECHNOL DEPT,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 0094-2898 BN 0-8186-7873-9 J9 SOUTHEAST SYMP SYSTE PY 1997 BP 509 EP 513 DI 10.1109/SSST.1997.581719 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BH39D UT WOS:A1997BH39D00096 ER PT B AU Peckerar, M Henry, R Koleske, D Wickenden, A AF Peckerar, M Henry, R Koleske, D Wickenden, A BE Buckley, DN Chu, SNG Hou, SQ Sah, RE Vilcot, JP Deen, MJ TI Material, characterization and devices: The evolution of GaN as an electronic material SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-SIXTH STATE-OF-THE-ART PROGRAM ON COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS (SOTAPOCS XXVI) SE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 26th State of the Art Program on Compound Semiconductors (SOTAPOCS XXVI) at the 191st Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY MAY 04-09, 1997 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc, Electr Div AB GaN-based materials are attractive as the basis for various types of power devices and for devices operated at high temperature. One of the major advantages of this material over other competitors (such as SIG) is that lattice-matched heterostructures( based on AlGaN or on InGaN) am available, allowing for the fabrication of new classes of RF power devices and LEDs. Highly resistive buffer layers can be grown which separate the active device regions from the semiconductor/substrate interface, improving FET performance. All of this is achieved while maintaining the high breakdown fields of the wide-bandgap semiconductors with good carrier mobility. In addition, other unique properties of the GaN system may be further exploited for novel devices. These include low (or negative) electron affinity and persistent photoconductivity. Of course, wide bandgap allows for the possibility of blue LEDs and lasers. The paper below reviews the evolving status of GaN material with respect to these properties and their device application. RP Peckerar, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV ELECT SCI & TECHNOL,SURFACE & INTERFACE SCI BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2896 BN 1-56677-128-5 J9 ELEC SOC S PY 1997 VL 97 IS 1 BP 162 EP 169 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Engineering; Materials Science GA BH73D UT WOS:A1997BH73D00018 ER PT B AU Kurihara, LK Chow, GM Choi, LS Schoen, PE AF Kurihara, LK Chow, GM Choi, LS Schoen, PE BE Battle, TP Henein, H TI Chemical synthesis and processing of nanostructured aluminum nitride SO PROCESSING AND HANDLING OF POWDERS AND DUSTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Processing and Handling of Powders and Dusts, at the Annual Meeting of the Minerals-Metals-and-Materials-Society CY FEB 09-13, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Minerals Met & Mat Soc AB Nanostructured ceramic AlN materials were fabricated using chemical routes. The precursor powders of aluminum hydroxide were synthesized by the hydrolysis of aluminum tri-sec-butoxide. These precursor powders were calcined and subsequently transformed to nanoscale AIN powders by nitriding in an ammonia environment furnace at temperatures to 1100 degrees C. The powders were characterized using XRD, TEM and TGA. C1 USN, Res Lab, Lab Mol Interfacial Interact, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kurihara, LK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Lab Mol Interfacial Interact, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-359-7 PY 1997 BP 3 EP 12 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Ceramics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BK35U UT WOS:000071898000001 ER PT J AU Edelstein, AS Murday, JS Rath, BB AF Edelstein, AS Murday, JS Rath, BB TI Challenges in nanomaterials design SO PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Festschrift on Progress in Materials Science in Honour of Professor Robert W Cahn CY DEC, 1995 CL BANGALORE, INDIA SP Indian Inst Met, Bangalore chapter, Mat Res Soc India ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SEMICONDUCTOR INTERFACES; MOLYBDENUM NANOCRYSTALS; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; OVERLAPPING REGIONS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SINGLE MOLECULES C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Edelstein, AS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 120 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0079-6425 J9 PROG MATER SCI JI Prog. Mater. Sci. PY 1997 VL 42 IS 1-4 BP 5 EP 21 DI 10.1016/S0079-6425(97)00005-4 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA YT046 UT WOS:000071558600003 ER PT B AU Battalino, TE AF Battalino, TE BE Bissonnette, LR Dainty, C TI Air mass characterization for optical propagation modeling in the coastal marine atmosphere SO PROPAGATION AND IMAGING THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Propagation and Imaging through the Atmosphere CY JUL 29-31, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE aerosol model; optical propagation; air mass parameter; condensation nuclei; extinction AB The U.S. Navy Aerosol Model (NAM) was developed to compute aerosol extinction coefficients at visual and infrared wavelengths in the marine boundary layer atmosphere. The NAM provides an empirical assessment of the aerosol particle size distribution, which is derived from an input of background meteorological measurements, representative of real-time atmospheric conditions. The NAM aerosol size distribution can be specified as the superimposition of three distinct aerosol production mechanisms, the first of which is comprised of an air mass driven component that can be parameterized in a variety of ways. The amplitude of the air mass component is the largest of the three aerosol modes and is the most difficult to measure. The other two modes depend upon wind speed to actuate the aerosol yield and are not of primary interest here. Air mass characterization is accomplished by parameterizing the amplitude of the air mass component; four methodologies are discussed: (1) measuring the atmospheric radon gas concentration which is used as an air mass tracer, (2) computing air trajectories to determine air mass histories, (3) indexing trajectories to the radon count, and (4) measuring the condensation nuclei (CN) count. Data bases from the Navy EOPACE (Electro Optical Propagation Assessment in Coastal Environments) program will be employed to test and evaluate the potential air mass parameters. The advantages and disadvantages of each approach are discussed. The air mass index scheme using radon and air trajectories is outlined and the full development of the CN air mass parameter technique, including numerical and analytical solutions, is presented. RP Battalino, TE (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAP DIV,GEOPHYS BRANCH,CODE 521420E,POINT MUGU NAWC,CA 93042, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2547-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3125 BP 47 EP 58 DI 10.1117/12.283898 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics GA BJ67Z UT WOS:A1997BJ67Z00005 ER PT B AU Littfin, KM Goroch, AK AF Littfin, KM Goroch, AK BE Bissonnette, LR Dainty, C TI Determination of an air mass using nephelometer measurements and the Navy Aerosol Model SO PROPAGATION AND IMAGING THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Propagation and Imaging through the Atmosphere CY JUL 29-31, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE extinction; aerosol; scattering; air mass; radon; nephelometer; visibility AB The origin of an air mass is an important factor in predicting performance of electrooptical systems in coastal environments. The aerosol content varies significantly depending upon whether the air mass is anthropogenic or natural, marine or continental, rural or urban. Measurement of radon concentration is a traditional method used to determine the origin of an air mass, but sensitive radon monitors are not readily available. A method of determining aerosol concentration from more easily obtainable three-wavelength nephelometer measurements can be used in conjunction with the Navy Aerosol Model to determine the air mass characteristic. This paper explores this process, using data collected during an EOPACE (Electrooptical Propagation Assessment in Coastal Environments) experiment in November 1996. Radon and nephelometer data were collected, along with a full complement of meteorological and aerosol data, during a wide range of meteorological conditions. RP Littfin, KM (reprint author), USN COMMAND,CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,PROPAGAT DIV,49170 PROPAGAT PATH,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2547-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3125 BP 59 EP 65 DI 10.1117/12.283902 PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics GA BJ67Z UT WOS:A1997BJ67Z00006 ER PT B AU Rosenthal, J Helvey, R McGovern, M Greiman, P Cohenour, B AF Rosenthal, J Helvey, R McGovern, M Greiman, P Cohenour, B BE Bissonnette, LR Dainty, C TI Battlespace weather and EM/EO conditions for joint strike support SO PROPAGATION AND IMAGING THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Propagation and Imaging through the Atmosphere CY JUL 29-31, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers AB Battlespace meteorological and oceanographic (METOC) conditions can be defined and displayed using the Navy's C4ISR architecture for use in strike planning, optimizing weapons performance, and post-operation assessment. Using the Tactical Environmental Support System (TESS), METOC satellite imagery has been exploited to derive estimates of temperature and cloud conditions along Tomahawk flight paths, and integrated with operational geometry to support missile launches conducted during Joint Warrior Interoperability Demonstration (JWID-95). The integrated and fused displays were sent from the Battle Management Interoperability Center (BMIC) at the Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division, Point Mugu, and transmitted to fleet units where they were inserted as strike warfare support products on a home page for transmission to other JWID participants. Other support techniques are also being implemented using home page/internet technology. The EM/EO propagation environment is being characterized remotely by application of the ''satellite-IR duct technique'' which allows duct heights to be displayed over low-cloud regions over subtropical ocean areas. To provide duct height estimates in regions without clouds or in-situ measurements, or predictions of ducting conditions, the ''equivalent altitude'' and ''experduct'' techniques are employed to demonstrate additional automated capabilities using synoptic weather considerations. RP Rosenthal, J (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAP DIV,GEOPHYS BRANCH,CODE 521400E,POINT MUGU NAWC,CA 93042, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2547-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3125 BP 89 EP 96 DI 10.1117/12.279035 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics GA BJ67Z UT WOS:A1997BJ67Z00009 ER PT B AU McGrath, CP Badzik, GD AF McGrath, CP Badzik, GD BE Bissonnette, LR Dainty, C TI Improving the EOTDA ocean background model SO PROPAGATION AND IMAGING THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Propagation and Imaging through the Atmosphere CY JUL 29-31, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE EOPACE; EOTDA; EOMDA; SeaRad; ocean backgrounds; tactical decision aid; ocean radiance model AB The Electro-Optical Tactical Decision Aid (EOTDA) is a strike warfare mission planning tool originally developed by the US Air Force. The US Navy has added navy sensors and targets to the EOTDA and installed it into current fleet mission planning and support systems. Fleet experience with the EOTDA and previous studies have noted the need for improvement, especially for scenarios involving ocean backgrounds. In order to test and improve the water background model in the EOTDA, a modified version has been created that replaces the existing semi-empirical model with the SeaRad model that was developed by Naval Command, Control and Ocean Surveillance Systems (NRaD). The SeaRad model is a more rigorous solution based on the Cox-Munk wave-slope probabilities. During the April 1996 Electrooptical Propagation Assessment in Coastal Environments (EOPACE) trials, data was collected to evaluate the effects of the SeaRad version of the EOTDA. Data was collected using a calibrated airborne infrared imaging system and operational FLIR systems against ship targets. A modified version of MODTRAN also containing the SeaRad model is used to correct the data for the influences of the atmosphere. This report uses these data along with the modified EOTDA to evaluate the effects of the SeaRad model on ocean background predictions under clear and clouded skies. Upon using the more accurate water reflection model, the significance of the sky and cloud radiance contributions become more apparent leading to recommendations for further improvements. RP McGrath, CP (reprint author), USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2547-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3125 BP 148 EP 156 DI 10.1117/12.279020 PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics GA BJ67Z UT WOS:A1997BJ67Z00014 ER PT B AU Carlson, R Law, DB Csanadi, C Edwards, G Tong, R AF Carlson, R Law, DB Csanadi, C Edwards, G Tong, R BE Bissonnette, LR Dainty, C TI Thermal infrared propagation across the surf influenced marine atmospheric boundary layer SO PROPAGATION AND IMAGING THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Propagation and Imaging through the Atmosphere CY JUL 29-31, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE atmospheric transmission; thermal infrared; marine atmospheric boundary layer AB Thermal infrared propagation data has been collected across the surf influenced marine atmospheric boundary layer as a part of the Electro-Optical Propagation in a Coastal Environment (EOPACE) surf zone experiment. This data was collected at Scripps Pier, La Jolla, California in January-February 1996. Preliminary analysis shows that the changes in transmittance are highly correlated with changes in bulk environmental parameters such as wind speed and direction, humidity, and marine haze. The effect of wave height is unclear from this preliminary analysis. An unexpected result was the up to 30% drop in transmission measured during the transition period when the wind speed drops and the air mass flow changes direction. This change occurs in the evening when the wind changes direction from onshore to offshore and in the morning when the wind changes from offshore to onshore. A similar drop in transmittance was not found under any other conditions. This is possibly due to the topography of the site with the steep hill rising up from the beach. The onshore-offshore flow may be very much influenced by this land form. RP Carlson, R (reprint author), USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT&E DIV,CODE 743,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2547-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3125 BP 192 EP 202 DI 10.1117/12.283900 PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics GA BJ67Z UT WOS:A1997BJ67Z00018 ER PT B AU Hindsley, R AF Hindsley, R BE Humphreys, RM TI The Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Proper motions and galactic structure SO PROPER MOTIONS AND GALACTIC ASTRONOMY SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Proper Motions and Galactic Astronomy CY DEC 12-13, 1996 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP Natl Sci Fdn AB The Sloan Digital Sky Survey is a 5-year project that will begin in 1997 and produce optical photometry in five optical bands down to 22nd magnitude. In addition, spectroscopy of a million galaxies, 100,000 quasars, and 50,000 stars will he obtained. The role of the stellar photometry and astrometry for obtaining proper motions and galactic structure will be described. C1 USN Observ, Astrometry Dept, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Hindsley, R (reprint author), USN Observ, Astrometry Dept, 3450 Massachusetts Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20392 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 1-886733-47-3 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 1997 VL 127 BP 33 EP 40 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK80G UT WOS:000073444700005 ER PT B AU Papaconstantopoulos, DA Mehl, MJ Akdim, B AF Papaconstantopoulos, DA Mehl, MJ Akdim, B BE Gonis, A Meike, A Turchi, PEA TI Application of a new tight-binding total energy method to 4-d transition metals and compounds SO PROPERTIES OF COMPLEX INORGANIC SOLIDS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Alloy Conference (IAC-1) CY JUN 16-21, 1996 CL ATHENS, GREECE RP Papaconstantopoulos, DA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,CODE 6690,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 BN 0-306-45606-0 PY 1997 BP 253 EP 259 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Mineralogy; Physics GA BJ04L UT WOS:A1997BJ04L00033 ER PT J AU Backer, DC Dexter, MR Zepka, A Ng, D Werthimer, DJ Ray, PS Foster, RS AF Backer, DC Dexter, MR Zepka, A Ng, D Werthimer, DJ Ray, PS Foster, RS TI A programmable 36 MHz digital filter bank for radio science SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID HYBRID SPECTROMETER; INTERFEROMETRY; CORRELATOR AB We have designed and constructed an agile eight-channel digital filter bank on a 9U VME board that operates at a maximum clock rate of 36 MHz. A set of these boards has been employed to create 100-200 MHz, 50-100 channel spectrometers. Our applications involve detection of weak signals in a background of noise-pulsar radio astronomy and the search for narrow-band radio emissions from extraterrestrial civilizations. The agility factors include total bandwidth, spacing of filter channels, selection of filter response, and choice of output data format (voltage or detected power). The input is a complex analog voltage centered on zero frequency which is passed to the board via coaxial ports on the front panel. The computational kernels on this board are Harris HSP 43168 Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter devices. We can also operate the board in a 16-channel output mode. The 2-4 bit format digital output is presented to a custom back plane. Along with our development we have written a suite of simulation software tasks both to determine the sensitivity loss and nonlinear gain response that result from quantization and to optimize filter responses. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,RADIO ASTRON LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Backer, DC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,601 CAMPBELL HALL,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 NR 10 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 109 IS 731 BP 61 EP 68 DI 10.1086/133859 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WC509 UT WOS:A1997WC50900008 ER PT B AU Borden, B AF Borden, B BE Miceli, WJ TI Reduction of ISAR image artifacts caused by re-entrant structures SO RADAR PROCESSING, TECHNOLOGY, AND APPLICATIONS II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Processing, Technology, and Applications II CY JUL 31-AUG 01, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE SAR; ISAR; inlet; duct; cavity; image artifact; gamma-transform; struve transform AB The standard ISAR high-frequency weak-scatterer model is inappropriate to targets with inlets and cavities, and images created under this model assumption often display artifacts associated with these structures. Since inlets and cavities (typically) make a strong contribution to the radar field scattered from aircraft targets, these artifacts often confound the image interpretation process and considerable effort has been spent in recent years to model, isolate: and remove these sources of error. Many of the more complete and accurate scattering models require extensive knowledge about the cavity/inlet shape and size and, moreover, are numerically intensive-features that make them unsuitable for many imaging applications. We examine an older (and less accurate) model based on a weak-scattering modal expansion of the structure which appears to be well-suited to ISAR imaging. In addition, the analysis shows how cavity/inlet shape-specific information may be estimated from an ordinary ISAR image. RP Borden, B (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAP DIV,RES & TECHNOL DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2583-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3161 BP 9 EP 19 DI 10.1117/12.279476 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BJ74P UT WOS:A1997BJ74P00002 ER PT B AU Elson, JM Tran, P Escobar, FJ AF Elson, JM Tran, P Escobar, FJ BE Miceli, WJ TI Application of the MOMI method to the magnetic field integral equation SO RADAR PROCESSING, TECHNOLOGY, AND APPLICATIONS II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Processing, Technology, and Applications II CY JUL 31-AUG 01, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE MFIE; MOMI; magnetic field integral equation; rough surface; scattering; iteration AB We apply the method of ordered multiple interactions (MOMI) to the magnetic field integral equation for a scattering problem involving an infinitely long cylinder suspended over a numerically-generated randomly rough surface. The cylinder and rough surface are infinite conductors. We consider two-dimensional geometry (invariance in the gamma-direction) and calculate the scattering of a plane wave which is polarized in the plane of scattering. We examine some convergence characteristics of the MOMI method when applied to this scattering problem. Our results indicate that the MOMI method does not converge for scattering only from isolated cylinders, but converges rapidly for scattering only from randomly rough surfaces. To obtain solutions for the problem with both cylinder and rough surface present, we adopt a hybrid method where the cylinder portion is solved exactly and the rough surface portion is solved by iteration. RP Elson, JM (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAPONS DIV,COMPUTAT SCI BRANCH,RES & TECHNOL GRP,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2583-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3161 BP 29 EP 37 DI 10.1117/12.279478 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BJ74P UT WOS:A1997BJ74P00004 ER PT B AU Chen, VC Lu, ZZ AF Chen, VC Lu, ZZ BE Miceli, WJ TI Radar imaging of multiple moving targets SO RADAR PROCESSING, TECHNOLOGY, AND APPLICATIONS II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Processing, Technology, and Applications II CY JUL 31-AUG 01, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE multiple targets; radar imaging; time-frequency processing AB In this paper, we discuss the issue of radar imaging of multiple moving targets. When multiple moving targets are close to each other, the return signals from these targets are overlapped in time. Thus, by applying conventional motion compensation algorithms, when targets have rotational motion or maneuvering, multiple targets may not be resolved and each individual target cannot be clearly imaged. However, in cases where each individual target has its own velocity and moving direction different from others, then the different Doppler histories can be utilized to separate targets from each others. First we describe multiple target resolution. Then: we introduce the time-frequency based phase correction algorithm and discuss its limitation. Based on our previous work on time-frequency image formation, we propose a new method for radar imaging of multiple moving targets. With the new method, targets can be either point or extended targets, and target's motion can be either translational or rotational motion. Some examples are given for comparing the new method with the conventional Fourier method and time-frequency based phase correction methods. RP Chen, VC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV RADAR,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2583-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3161 BP 102 EP 112 DI 10.1117/12.279463 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BJ74P UT WOS:A1997BJ74P00011 ER PT B AU Knaell, K AF Knaell, K BE Miceli, WJ TI Advances in three-dimensional SAR from curvilinear apertures SO RADAR PROCESSING, TECHNOLOGY, AND APPLICATIONS II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Processing, Technology, and Applications II CY JUL 31-AUG 01, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE 3D; SAR; ISAR; ML; PML; CLEAN; radar; aperture; image AB Three-dimensional images free of sidelobe interaction effects of CLEAN have been generated by the PML algorithm. Some implementation speedups are possible and the significance of PML may extend to autofocus. Roil data while traversing a circular path is found suitable to define a curved aperture for preliminary three-dimensional ship imagery. RP Knaell, K (reprint author), NSWC,CARDEROCK DIV,BETHESDA,MD 20084, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2583-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3161 BP 178 EP 184 DI 10.1117/12.283951 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BJ74P UT WOS:A1997BJ74P00018 ER PT J AU Justus, BL Rychnovsky, S Miller, MA Pawlovich, KJ Huston, AL AF Justus, BL Rychnovsky, S Miller, MA Pawlovich, KJ Huston, AL TI Optically stimulated luminescence radiation dosimetry using doped silica glass SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article ID VYCOR GLASS; THERMOLUMINESCENCE AB Optically stimulated luminescence is reported from novel transparent glass phosphors that were previously exposed to Co-60 gamma radiation. Emission of blue-green light from the glass is stimulated by near-infrared light from a low power diode laser. Optically stimulated luminescence dosimetry measurements using the glass phosphors exhibit a linear exposure response from 2.58 mu C.kg(-1) to 12.9 C.kg(-1) (10 mR to 50 kR). Optical stimulation with pulsed laser light provides the ability to perform multiple readouts of the exposure. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Justus, BL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 11 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1997 VL 74 IS 3 BP 151 EP 154 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA YT960 UT WOS:000071664700005 ER PT J AU Rogers, LT AF Rogers, LT TI Likelihood estimation of tropospheric duct parameters from horizontal propagation measurements SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB A Bayesian estimation technique using an embedded electromagnetic parabolic equation model is implemented to solve the inverse problem of determining the atmospheric refractivity from measurements of beyond-line-of-sight radio-frequency propagation factors. The inverted refractivity structure is associated with the trapping layer that can be formed by the capping inversion of the stable marine boundary layer. Why this inverse problem is of interest is established by describing the refractivity structure associated with the stable marine boundary layer in the context of its effect on horizontal propagation and then describing the difficulty of obtaining representative estimates of the tropospheric refractivity structure using existing sensing methods. The implementation is then described. A three-parameter model of the marine boundary layer is used; two of the three parameters are inverted, while the third is assumed to be a random variable. The inversion method is applied to radio data from the Variability Of Coastal Atmospheric Refractivity Experiment (VOCAR). A matrix of propagation factors corresponding to the two parameters to be inverted is calculated for the path geometry and the frequencies of VOCAR. Parameter likelihoods are determined for the entire parameter space, and mean estimates of refractivity parameters are computed from the distributions. The parameter estimates are compared with values obtained from radiosondes launched during VOCAR. The remotely sensed refractivity parameters for multiple-frequency sensing show good agreement with directly sensed observations. RP Rogers, LT (reprint author), USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,OCEAN & ATMOSPHER SCI DIV,RES TEST & EVALUAT DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 21 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 32 IS 1 BP 79 EP 92 DI 10.1029/96RS02904 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA WF147 UT WOS:A1997WF14700007 ER PT J AU Basart, JP Burns, JO Dennison, BK Weiler, KW Kassim, NE Castillo, SP McCune, BM AF Basart, JP Burns, JO Dennison, BK Weiler, KW Kassim, NE Castillo, SP McCune, BM TI Directions for space-based low frequency radio astronomy .1. System considerations SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MHZ AB Although observations at the low end of the radio astronomy spectrum were the precursor of all work in radio astronomy, this portion of the spectrum has languished for decades while research at the upper radio frequencies has fluorished. Previous work at low frequencies (below 30 MHz) has clearly shown that sensitive high-resolution ground-based observations are extremely difficult to make, if not impossible. Observation quality at low frequencies can leap forward using space-based interferometers. Radio telescopes such as these can be built principally from ''off-the-shelf'' components. A relatively low cost space program can make great strides in deploying arrays of antennas and receivers that would produce data contributing significantly to our understanding of galaxies and galactic nebulae. This paper discusses the various aspects of low-frequency telescopes such as past history and significant issues like sensitivity, interfer-ence, baseline calibration, wave scattering, and mapping. All aspects of the first stages of space-based, low-frequency radio telescopes can be accomplished with no dependencies on new types of hardware. The time has come to open the final electromagnetic frontier in astronomy. C1 NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV, DEPT ASTRON, LAS CRUCES, NM 88003 USA. NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV, DEPT ELECT ENGN, LAS CRUCES, NM 88003 USA. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV, LAB PHYS SCI, LAS CRUCES, NM 88003 USA. USN, RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP Basart, JP (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV, DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN, 333 DURHAM, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 32 IS 1 BP 251 EP 263 DI 10.1029/96RS02407 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA WF147 UT WOS:A1997WF14700020 ER PT J AU Basart, JP Burns, JO Dennison, BK Weiler, KW Kassim, NE Castillo, SP McCune, BM AF Basart, JP Burns, JO Dennison, BK Weiler, KW Kassim, NE Castillo, SP McCune, BM TI Directions for space-based low-frequency radio astronomy .2. Telescopes SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Astronomical studies of celestial sources at low radio frequencies (0.3 to 30 MHz) lag far behind the investigations of celestial sources at high radio frequencies. In a companion paper [Basart et al., this issue] we discussed the need for low-frequency investigations, and in this paper we discuss the telescopes required to make the observations. Radio telescopes for use in the low-frequency range can be built principally from ''off-the-shelf'' components. For relatively little cost for a space mission, great strides can be made in deploying arrays of antennas and receivers in space that would produce data contributing significantly to our understanding of galaxies and galactic nebulae. In this paper we discuss an evolutionary sequence of telescopes, antenna systems, receivers, and (u, v) plane coverage. The telescopes are space-based because of the disruptive aspects of the Earth's ionosphere on low-frequency celestial signals traveling to the Earth's surface. Orbiting antennas consisting of array elements deposited on a Kevlar balloon have strong advantages of nearly identical multiple beams over 4 pi steradians and few mechanical aspects in deployment and operation. The relatively narrow beam width of these antennas can significantly help reduce the ''confusion'' problem. The evolutionary sequence of telescopes starts with an Earth-orbiting spectrometer to measure the low-frequency radio environment in space, proceeds to a two-element interferometer, then to an orbiting array, and ends with a telescope on the lunar farside. The sequence is in the order of increasing capability which is also the order of increasing complexity and cost. All the missions can be accomplished with current technology. C1 NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV, DEPT ASTRON, LAS CRUCES, NM 88003 USA. NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV, DEPT ELECT ENGN, LAS CRUCES, NM 88003 USA. NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV, PHYS SCI LAB, LAS CRUCES, NM 88003 USA. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. USN, RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP Basart, JP (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV, DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN, 333 DURHAM, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 32 IS 1 BP 265 EP 275 DI 10.1029/96RS02408 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA WF147 UT WOS:A1997WF14700021 ER PT J AU McNeil, KM Boswell, GE AF McNeil, KM Boswell, GE TI General case of the day SO RADIOGRAPHICS LA English DT Article DE lung, abnormalities ID INTRALOBAR PULMONARY SEQUESTRATION C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP McNeil, KM (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,34800 BOB WILSON DR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 SN 0271-5333 J9 RADIOGRAPHICS JI Radiographics PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 17 IS 1 BP 240 EP 242 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA WD896 UT WOS:A1997WD89600026 PM 9017815 ER PT B AU Joyce, JA AF Joyce, JA BE Mahidhara, RK Geltmacher, AB Matic, P Sadananda, K TI Predicting the ductile-to-brittle transition in nuclear pressure vessel steels from Charpy surveillance specimens SO RECENT ADVANCES IN FRACTURE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Recent Advances in Fracture, at the Annual Meeting of the Minerals-Metals-and-Materials-Society CY FEB 10-13, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP ASM-MSD Flow & Fracture Comm, Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Mech Met Comm, USA, Res Off, Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div AB One important application of elastic-plastic fracture mechanics has been to assure the structural integrity of nuclear reactor pressure vessels. Presently a lower bound K-IR roughness curve is shifted relative to a reference temperature RTNDT and used to define the ductile-to-brittle transition. The RTNDT is thus a very critical value and is defined very conservatively in terms of Charpy and dynamic tear specimen results. Continued application of these requirement; are now a principal limitation to continued operation of several commercial nuclear power plants. Recent work by ASTM Committee E08 has proposed a method to obtain a new reference temperature and a method to define, using a probabalistic approach, a median ductile-to-brittle transition curve from a set of six properly tested small samples which would in many cases be precracked Charpy specimens. Statistical confidence bounds would then be available for this median transition "Master Curve" which would be specific to the particular nuclear plant of interest, and could be used to assure that the pressure vessel had adequate toughness for continued operation. C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Joyce, JA (reprint author), USN Acad, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSON INT NURSING PUBLICATIONS PI NEW YORK PA 133 EAST 58TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA BN 0-87339-364-3 PY 1997 BP 65 EP 75 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Engineering; Mechanics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BK36J UT WOS:000071901900006 ER PT B AU Sadananda, K Vasudevan, AK Louat, N AF Sadananda, K Vasudevan, AK Louat, N BE Mahidhara, RK Geltmacher, AB Matic, P Sadananda, K TI Dislocation behavior under fatigue SO RECENT ADVANCES IN FRACTURE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Recent Advances in Fracture, at the Annual Meeting of the Minerals-Metals-and-Materials-Society CY FEB 10-13, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP ASM-MSD Flow & Fracture Comm, Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Mech Met Comm, USA, Res Off, Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div AB Fatigue is the plasticity induced damage resulting from the irreversible motion of dislocations. Using dislocation concepts, we have shown that plasticity originated from the crack tip cannot contribute to crack closure. To explain the literature data, we have developed a unified approach that accounts for the effects of load ratio on crack growth rates without invoking crack closure. We extended the concepts to crack nucleation, short crack growth and long crack growth. The approach is based on the requirement that to uniquely describe fatigue, one needs two load parameters; one defining the amplitude and the other defining the maximum stress. This requirement manifests as two critical thresholds, Delta K*(th) and K*(max), for fatigue crack growth that must be met simultaneously for a crack to move forward. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sadananda, K (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6323, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU MASSON INT NURSING PUBLICATIONS PI NEW YORK PA 133 EAST 58TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA BN 0-87339-364-3 PY 1997 BP 395 EP 402 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Engineering; Mechanics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BK36J UT WOS:000071901900034 ER PT S AU Dahlburg, RB Antiochos, SK AF Dahlburg, RB Antiochos, SK BE Priest, ER Baker, DN TI Magnetic fluxtube reconnection SO RECONNECTION IN THE SOLAR CORONA AND MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORMS SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH-SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT DO 4 Symposium of COSPAR Scientific Commission D on Reconnection in the Solar Corona and Magnetospheric Substorms, at the 31st COSPAR Scientific Assembly CY JUL 14-21, 1996 CL BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND SP Comm Space Res, Sci Comm Solar Terr Phys, Int Astron Union, UN Off Outer Space Affairs ID TUBES AB We present the results of 3D numerical simulations of initially discrete magnetic fluxtubes interacting via magnetic reconnection. The initial topology consists of two orthogonal fluxtubes. Each fluxtube has a uniform twist, force-free magnetic field specified by the Gold-Hoyle model. The fluxtubes are then forced together by an initial flow configuration consisting of two superimposed stagnation point flows. We observe three distinct types of interaction, which depend on the twist and on the Lundquist numbers, between the fluxtubes. For low twist the fluxtubes experience an elastic collision. For a higher twist complete reconnection is observed. If the Lundquist numbers are raised fluxtube tunneling occurs. Published by Elsevier Science on behalf of COSPAR. RP Dahlburg, RB (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, CODE 6440, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Antiochos, Spiro/D-4668-2012 OI Antiochos, Spiro/0000-0003-0176-4312 NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD LANGFORD LANE KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 BN 0-08-043292-1 J9 ADV SPACE RES-SERIES PY 1997 VL 19 IS 12 BP 1781 EP 1784 DI 10.1016/S0273-1177(97)00075-6 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BJ39X UT WOS:A1997BJ39X00005 ER PT S AU Dahlburg, RB Karpen, JT AF Dahlburg, RB Karpen, JT BE Priest, ER Baker, DN TI Reconnection in adjoining coronal helmet streamers SO RECONNECTION IN THE SOLAR CORONA AND MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORMS SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH-SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT DO 4 Symposium of COSPAR Scientific Commission D on Reconnection in the Solar Corona and Magnetospheric Substorms, at the 31st COSPAR Scientific Assembly CY JUL 14-21, 1996 CL BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND SP Comm Space Res, Sci Comm Solar Terr Phys, Int Astron Union, UN Off Outer Space Affairs ID CURRENT SHEET AB Complex magnetic and plasma structures observed in the coronal streamer belt (Crooker et al., 1993; Woo 1994) might arise from the instabilities and evolution of multiple current sheets formed by adjoining coronal helmet streamers. Previously we examined the static triple current sheet (TCS), and found that three linearly unstable modes exist, two of which are potentially observable by the LASCO instrument onboard SOHO (Dahlburg and Karpen 1995). Here we investigate the variations created in this model by the inclusion of wake flows, which have been observed in coronal streamers (see Figure 1). Our principal finding is that the structure of the modes is changed significantly by the Alfvenic and sub-Alfvenic wake flow, while their, growth rates are not. Published by Elsevier Science on behalf of COSPAR. RP Dahlburg, RB (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Karpen, Judith/E-1484-2012 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD LANGFORD LANE KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 BN 0-08-043292-1 J9 ADV SPACE RES-SERIES PY 1997 VL 19 IS 12 BP 1887 EP 1890 DI 10.1016/S0273-1177(97)00094-X PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BJ39X UT WOS:A1997BJ39X00024 ER PT B AU Bashkansky, M Duncan, MD Kahn, M Lewis, D Reintjes, J AF Bashkansky, M Duncan, MD Kahn, M Lewis, D Reintjes, J BE Thompson, DO Chimenti, DE TI Depth-resolved subsurface defect detection in ceramics using optical gating techniques SO REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION, VOLS 16A AND 16B SE REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Symposium on Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation CY JUL 28-AUG 02, 1996 CL BRUNSWICK, ME SP Iowa State Univ, Ctr NDE, Amer Soc Nondestruct Testing, US DOE, Ames Lab, FAA, NIST, Natl Sci Fdn, Ind Univ Cooperat Res Ctr Program RP Bashkansky, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,CODE 5640,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 BN 0-306-45597-8 J9 REV PROG Q PY 1997 VL 16 BP 1961 EP 1967 PN A&B PG 7 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA BJ03K UT WOS:A1997BJ03K00256 ER PT J AU Harris, VG AF Harris, VG TI A spinning-stage, total electron-yield detector for the elimination of diffraction peaks in x-ray absorption spectra SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID FINE-STRUCTURE; SURFACE; SPECTROSCOPY AB A primary problem in collecting and analyzing x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) from crystalline samples, including thin films grown on crystalline substrates, is the contamination of the x-ray absorption spectrum by diffraction events. To address this limitation, a total electron-yield detector equipped with a spinning stage was developed. Samples of (MnZn)Fe2O4, grown on single crystal (100) MgO substrates, were used to illustrate its effectiveness as an electron-yield detector and in eliminating diffraction-related contamination from the XAFS. The design and performance characteristics of this detector are presented and discussed. RP Harris, VG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Harris, Vincent/A-8337-2009 NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 68 IS 1 BP 23 EP 29 DI 10.1063/1.1147815 PN 1 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA WD236 UT WOS:A1997WD23600005 ER PT J AU Tepper, G Losee, J AF Tepper, G Losee, J TI Detection of single photon ionization events using a contactless microwave technique SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the electron-hole pairs generated in a material by a single photon ionization event have been detected using a microwave technique. The detection mechanism is based on the attenuation of a resonant electromagnetic wave and, unlike conventional particle detectors, does not rely on charge or scintillation light collection. The current technique has an inherent fast response (microwave frequency of 9 GHz) and is not affected by the problems associated with charge sweeping and/or light measurements. Experimental results for single high energy x-ray photons absorbed in high purity p-germanium are presented. The results demonstrate the potential for a new class of gamma/particle detectors and a useful method to study the kinetics of particle interactions in materials. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RES DEV TEST & EVALUAT DIV,NRAD,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT APPL MECH & ENGN SCI,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 68 IS 1 BP 55 EP 57 DI 10.1063/1.1147653 PN 1 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA WD236 UT WOS:A1997WD23600010 ER PT J AU Young, FC Hinshelwood, DD Stephanakis, SJ AF Young, FC Hinshelwood, DD Stephanakis, SJ TI A Rutherford scattering diagnostic for intense pulsed proton beams transported in low-pressure gases SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 12-16, 1996 CL MONTEREY, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab ID ION AB Rutherford scattering of pulsed I MeV proton beams is developed as a time-resolved fluence diagnostic for proton transport experiments. The incident beam is scattered from a thin aluminum target and recorded with a silicon PIN detector. For a pinched-beam diode, fluences of protons transported in 1 Torr air are consistent with fluences determined with calorimeters, provided the proton energy is smaller than expected from the measured ion current and voltage. Beam bunching is observed as the flight path increases, consistent with reduced proton energy at the head of the beam. RP Young, FC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 68 IS 1 BP 281 EP 284 DI 10.1063/1.1147823 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA WD237 UT WOS:A1997WD23700005 ER PT J AU Aglitskiy, Y Lehecka, T Deniz, A Hardgrove, J Seely, J Brown, C Feldman, U Pawley, C Gerber, K Bodner, S Obenschain, S Lehmberg, R McLean, E Pronko, M Sethian, J Stamper, J Schmitt, A Sullivan, C Holland, G Laming, M AF Aglitskiy, Y Lehecka, T Deniz, A Hardgrove, J Seely, J Brown, C Feldman, U Pawley, C Gerber, K Bodner, S Obenschain, S Lehmberg, R McLean, E Pronko, M Sethian, J Stamper, J Schmitt, A Sullivan, C Holland, G Laming, M TI X-ray spectroscopy of plasmas created by the Nike KrF laser SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 12-16, 1996 CL MONTEREY, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab ID INCOHERENCE AB The x-ray emission from plasmas created by the Naval Research Laboratory Nike KrF laser was characterized using spectroscopic instruments. The targets were thin foils of aluminum and titanium and were irradiated by laser energies in the range 100-1500 J. Using a spherical-crystal imaging spectrometer operating in the 1-2 keV x-ray region, the density, temperature, and opacity of aluminum plasmas were determined with a spatial resolution of 10 mu m in the direction perpendicular to the target surface. The spectral line ratios indicated that the aluminum plasmas were relatively dense, cool, and optically thick near the target surface. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV SPACE SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. RP Aglitskiy, Y (reprint author), SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102, USA. NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 68 IS 1 BP 806 EP 809 DI 10.1063/1.1147695 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA WD237 UT WOS:A1997WD23700136 ER PT J AU Sanford, TWL Nash, TJ Mock, RC Spielman, RB Seamen, JF McGurn, JS Jobe, D Gilliland, TL Vargas, M Whitney, KG Thornhill, JW Pulsifer, PE Apruzese, JP AF Sanford, TWL Nash, TJ Mock, RC Spielman, RB Seamen, JF McGurn, JS Jobe, D Gilliland, TL Vargas, M Whitney, KG Thornhill, JW Pulsifer, PE Apruzese, JP TI Time-dependent electron temperature diagnostics for high-power, aluminum z-pinch plasmas SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 12-16, 1996 CL MONTEREY, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab ID IMPLOSIONS AB Time-resolved x-ray pinhole photographs and time-integrated radially resolved x-ray crystal-spectrometer measurements of azimuthally symmetric aluminum-wire implosions suggest that the densest phase of the pinch is composed of a hot plasma core surrounded by a cooler plasma halo. The slope of the free-bound x-ray continuum, provides a time-resolved, model-independent diagnostic of the core electron temperature. A simultaneous measurement of the time-resolved K-shell line spectra provides the electron temperature of the spatially averaged plasma. Together, the two diagnostics support a one-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic model prediction of a plasma whose thermalization on axis produces steep radial gradients in temperature, from temperatures in excess of 1 kV in the core to below 1 kV in the surrounding plasma halo. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Sanford, TWL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 13 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 68 IS 1 BP 852 EP 857 DI 10.1063/1.1147707 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA WD237 UT WOS:A1997WD23700148 ER PT J AU Noonan, WA Jones, TG Ottinger, PF AF Noonan, WA Jones, TG Ottinger, PF TI Laser induced fluorescence diagnostic for measuring small magnetic fields SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 12-16, 1996 CL MONTEREY, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab ID INERTIAL-CONFINEMENT-FUSION; ION-BEAMS; TRANSPORT AB A novel, spatially and temporally resolved diagnostic is being developed to measure small B fields by detecting Zeeman shifts much smaller than the transition linewidth. This diagnostic technique will be used to measure magnetic fields associated with intense ion beam propagation through a low-pressure gas, as envisioned for particle beam fusion. High sensitivity is achieved by a variation on the Babcock technique using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy. The LIF from a J = 1 --> 0 transition in a probe species is viewed parallel to B. In this direction, Delta M = 0 fluorescence is not observed, while Delta M = +/- 1 fluorescence is right- and left-circularly polarized and can be measured separately using polarization filters. If a narrow-band pump laser is tuned to a half-maximum point of the unsplit transition line, the presence of the magnetic field shifts one of the Delta M = +/- 1 absorption transitions into resonance with the laser and shifts the other transition further out of resonance. For small field strengths, the difference in the fluorescence signals is proportional to the Zeeman split. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 68 IS 1 BP 1032 EP 1035 DI 10.1063/1.1147780 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA WD237 UT WOS:A1997WD23700187 ER PT J AU Brown, C Seely, J Feldman, U Obenschain, S Bodner, S Pawley, C Gerber, K Serlin, V Sethian, J Aglitskiy, Y Lehecka, T Holland, G AF Brown, C Seely, J Feldman, U Obenschain, S Bodner, S Pawley, C Gerber, K Serlin, V Sethian, J Aglitskiy, Y Lehecka, T Holland, G TI X-ray imaging of targets irradiated by the Nike KrF laser SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 12-16, 1996 CL MONTEREY, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab ID INCOHERENCE AB Foil targets irradiated by the Naval Research Laboratory Nike KrF laser were imaged in the x-ray region with two-dimensional spatial resolution in the 2-10 mu m range. The images revealed the smoothness of the emission from target and backlighter foils, the acceleration of the target foils, and the growth of Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities that were seeded by patterns on the irradiated sides of CH foils. C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102. SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. RP Brown, C (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 6 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 68 IS 1 BP 1099 EP 1102 DI 10.1063/1.1147796 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA WD237 UT WOS:A1997WD23700204 ER PT J AU Buot, FA AF Buot, FA TI General theory of quantum distribution function transport equations: superfluid systems and ultrafast dynamics of optically excited semiconductors SO RIVISTA DEL NUOVO CIMENTO LA English DT Article ID RESONANT-TUNNELING STRUCTURES; THERMO FIELD-DYNAMICS; MANY-BODY THEORY; NONEQUILIBRIUM THEORY; KINETIC-EQUATIONS; OSCILLATIONS; EQUILIBRIUM; FORMULATION; PHYSICS; DEVICES C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Buot, FA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 65 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC ITALIANA FISICA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA SARAGOZZA, 12, I-40123 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 0393-697X EI 1826-9850 J9 RIV NUOVO CIMENTO JI Riv. Nuovo Cimento PY 1997 VL 20 IS 9 BP 1 EP 75 DI 10.1007/BF02880871 PG 75 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YV392 UT WOS:000071818400001 ER PT S AU Rodriguez, P AF Rodriguez, P BE Habbal, SR TI Plasma waves in the solar corona SO ROBOTIC EXPLORATION CLOSE TO THE SUN: SCIENTIFIC BASIS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Scientific Basis for Robotic Exploration Close to the Sun CY APR 15-18, 1996 CL MARLBOROUGH, MA SP Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, NASA AB Measurement of the spectrum of plasma waves in the solar corona is needed in order to answer questions on the nature of the plasma turbulence and energy transfer responsible for the high coronal temperatures. In planned solar probe missions, wave measurements at low frequency are important for understanding magnetohydrodynamic heating processes of the corona. Higher frequency plasma waves provide a relatively sensitive signature of the kinetic processes that may be involved in the heating, transport, and acceleration of particles. Because there have been no in situ measurements of the solar corona, the spectrum of plasma waves cannot be precisely predicted; however, experience with solar wind and magnetospheric experiments suggests that the very dynamic nature of the corona must lead to a wide range of plasma wave emissions. Indeed, the dynamic spectra of solar radio bursts received at earth are an indication that many plasma emission processes occur in the corona. It is therefore suggested that the plasma wave spectrum up to and above the local plasma frequency should be measured during future in situ missions. We discuss this approach to planned solar probe missions and suggest some of the experimental results that may be achieved. RP Rodriguez, P (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6755,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-618-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1997 IS 385 BP 47 EP 58 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BH28X UT WOS:A1997BH28X00006 ER PT J AU Blachowski, TJ Oestreich, M AF Blachowski, TJ Oestreich, M GP SAFE ASSOC TI Preliminary screening results for an electrical detonator utilizing BNCP as the principal energetic material SO SAFE - PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM, SAFE ASSOCIATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Symposium of the SAFE Association CY SEP 08-10, 1997 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP SAFE Assoc AB The Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center (IHDIV, NSWC) is the lead service activity for cartridges, Cartridge Actuated Devices (CADs), and Aircrew Escape Propulsion Systems (AEPS) for the Department of Defense. In this role, the CAD Research and Development/Product Improvement Program Branch has been actively investigating newly developed energetic materials for use in aircrew escape applications. Pacific Scientific, Energy Dynamics Division, has been active in the design, development, and production of detonators, cartridges, and CADs for these systems since 1968. Currently, Pacific Scientific is optimizing the production process for a new energetic material, BNCP, for use in these components. BNCP (Tetraamminebis (5-nitro-2H-tetrazolateo-N-2) cobalt (III) perchlorate) accepts an input stimulus and produces a detonation output. This paper presents a series of preliminary screening test results for a Government-owned electrical detonator design where BNCP has replaced the current ignition material. These test results supplement the prior findings which evaluated BNCP in an optical detonator configuration and were presented at the Joint Propulsion Conference in 1996 (AIAA Paper #96-2619)(1). RP Blachowski, TJ (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,INDIAN HEAD DIV,101 STRAUSS AVE,INDIAN HEAD,MD 20640, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAFE ASSOC PI YONCALLA PA 4995 SCOTTS VALLEY RD, PO BOX 490, YONCALLA, OR 97499-0490 PY 1997 BP 105 EP 112 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BJ88H UT WOS:A1997BJ88H00013 ER PT J AU Blachowski, T Porter, S AF Blachowski, T Porter, S GP SAFE ASSOC TI Laser initiated ordnance systems for crew escape - A cooperative approach SO SAFE - PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM, SAFE ASSOCIATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Symposium of the SAFE Association CY SEP 08-10, 1997 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP SAFE Assoc AB This paper presents the status of a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) between the Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center (IHDIV, NSWC) and The Ensign-Bickford Company. This CRADA is an ongoing effort to promote and enhance the laser initiated ordnance technology available to the aircraft crew community. Laser Initiated Ordnance systems offer potential size and weight advantages over current signal transfer systems in addition to inherent immunity to electromagnetic interference. Presently, this CRADA is focused on the environmental testing of the fiber optic transmission line portion of a laser initiated ordnance system. Follow-on efforts proposed include investigation of the optical initiators and detonators required to function the escape system CAD/PAD work performing devices. RP Blachowski, T (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,INDIAN HEAD DIV,INDIAN HEAD,MD 20640, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAFE ASSOC PI YONCALLA PA 4995 SCOTTS VALLEY RD, PO BOX 490, YONCALLA, OR 97499-0490 PY 1997 BP 130 EP 138 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BJ88H UT WOS:A1997BJ88H00016 ER PT J AU Rapaport, M Forster, E Schoenbeck, A Domzalski, L AF Rapaport, M Forster, E Schoenbeck, A Domzalski, L GP SAFE ASSOC TI Establishing a spinal injury criterion for military seats SO SAFE - PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM, SAFE ASSOCIATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Symposium of the SAFE Association CY SEP 08-10, 1997 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP SAFE Assoc AB Currently, military specifications require use of an acceleration-time criterion to assess the physiological acceptability of crash resistant seats and restraint systems. With the evolution of crash test dummies which now exhibit greater bio-fidelic performance, military researchers are considering ''direct force'' measurements taken within the Hybrid III anthropomorphic test device (ATD) as an alternate evaluation criterion. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) recently established such a criterion as part of a new dynamic test requirement for the certification of airline passenger seats.(1) Prior to military tri-service implementation of a similar requirement, validation of the methodology with the ''aerospace'' model of the Hybrid III manikin was necessary. This paper describes the test program conducted with Hybrid III crash test dummies to establish a lumbar spinal load injury criterion for military crash resistant seat compliance testing. The effort was sponsored under the Naval Air Systems Command's (PMA-202) Advanced Crashworthy Aircrew Survival Systems (ACASS) Program. Dynamic testing was conducted on the Horizontal Accelerator Facility at the Naval Air Warfare Center, Aircraft Division, Warminster, PA. The test program examined the lumbar spinal response of Hybrid III test dummies when exposed to predominantly vertical helicopter crash pulses under controlled laboratory conditions. Sufficient data was acquired to conduct a statistical analysis of the Hybrid III's lumbar spine response to compressive loading (i.e., + Gz headward direction). The analysis supports the recommendation to employ lumbar force as a primary physiological criterion for military crash resistant seat compliance. Also, the merits of using this injury indicator during escape system testing are discussed. RP Rapaport, M (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,AIRCRAFT DIV,PATUXENT RIVER,MD 20670, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAFE ASSOC PI YONCALLA PA 4995 SCOTTS VALLEY RD, PO BOX 490, YONCALLA, OR 97499-0490 PY 1997 BP 156 EP 164 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BJ88H UT WOS:A1997BJ88H00019 ER PT J AU Jaffee, M Coughlin, R Moore, B AF Jaffee, M Coughlin, R Moore, B GP SAFE ASSOC TI Priority one: Survival! .2. Navy state-of-the-art survival item update SO SAFE - PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM, SAFE ASSOCIATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Symposium of the SAFE Association CY SEP 08-10, 1997 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP SAFE Assoc AB The STATE-OF-THE-ART(SOA) program exists at the Naval Air Warfare Center at Patuxent River, Maryland. It is a R&D funded effort that identifies the requirements for a mission through fleet-generated deficiencies. The result is replacement of survival items that are usually non-developmental items (NDI) in nature and that are introduced after fleet assessment. At the 1995 SAFE Symposium, a paper was presented regarding a database developed by the State-of-the-Art (SOA) program at the Naval Air Warfare Center with the goal of determining what the priority of survival items should be for survival, evasion and rescue. That paper, Priority One, Survival!, discussed the database, explained its initial findings and requested feedback from the community pertaining to this issue. During the 1996 SAFE Symposium, Mr. James Johnson continued the discussion is his presentation, Survival Equipment, Has It Really Changed? However, feedback from survival schools, survival equipment businesses, safety centers and other services has not been forthcoming as was hoped. This paper will address findings now that the database has matured, and will attempt to broaden the discussion regarding this important issue. Military as well as civilian usage of survival items will be addressed as well as the priority items for different aircraft, environments, military services and countries. Military and civilian survival handbooks and other literature will be included in the presentation. RP Jaffee, M (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,AIRCRAFT DIV,PATUXENT RIVER,MD 20670, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAFE ASSOC PI YONCALLA PA 4995 SCOTTS VALLEY RD, PO BOX 490, YONCALLA, OR 97499-0490 PY 1997 BP 165 EP 175 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BJ88H UT WOS:A1997BJ88H00020 ER PT B AU Sabal, DL Dohm, GJ AF Sabal, DL Dohm, GJ GP SAFE ASSOC TI Protective coating analysis SO SAFE - PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM, SAFE ASSOCIATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Symposium of the SAFE Association CY SEP 08-10, 1997 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP SAFE Assoc AB As a National Center for Energetics, the Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center (IHDIV, NSWC) provides quality products in support of the Fleet In concert with this effort, the AEPS/PAD Engineering and Production Divisions provide life-cycle support for Navy Aircrew Escape Propulsion Systems (AEPS) devices. This has led to a strive for technical excellence as well as environmental responsibility. To support these goals, the AEPS/PAD Engineering and Production Divisions conducted testing of low Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) coatings for use on AEPS devices. Testing was performed to identify an environmentally compliant coating with improved durability. Phase I subjected twenty-six coating systems to qualitative and resistance properties testing. The coatings included epoxies, latex, urethanes, calcium sulfonates, vinyls, and alkyds. Six systems were selected for more stringent Phase II testing after evaluation using a weighted scoring system. Heavily weighted characteristics were those that exhibited the greatest potential to impact worker health, paint performance, and the environment. Phase II resulted in the selection of a polyurethane and polyamide epoxy system. Tests demonstrated that polyurethane coatings exhibit excellent adhesion, great resistance to chipping, chemical resistance, flexibility, and high gloss retention. This paper discusses development test methods, results, and lessons learned from the Protective Coating Analysis performed at the Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center. RP Sabal, DL (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,INDIAN HEAD DIV,INDIAN HEAD,MD 20640, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAFE ASSOC PI YONCALLA PA 4995 SCOTTS VALLEY RD, PO BOX 490, YONCALLA, OR 97499-0490 PY 1997 BP 209 EP 219 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BJ88H UT WOS:A1997BJ88H00024 ER PT B AU Tucker, HD Todd, WL Kennedy, G AF Tucker, HD Todd, WL Kennedy, G GP SAFE ASSOC TI Data to design: Anthropometry in Naval aviation SO SAFE - PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM, SAFE ASSOCIATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Symposium of the SAFE Association CY SEP 08-10, 1997 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP SAFE Assoc AB The design of many aircrew systems depends on anthropometry, or the measurement of the human body's dimensions. Traditionally, body dimensions and contours had been painstakingly quantified using tapes, calipers, and rulers. These inefficient traditional methods are being replaced by newer methods including multivariate statistical database derivation and digital measuring technologies. These data can be manipulated by various computer software applications to study, model, design, and prototype what Naval aviators wear, and digitally quantify their accommodation within a crewstation. This paper will discuss two new, statistically-derived, anthropometric databases and their application in the re-engineering design of Naval aircraft crewstations and aircrew life support systems (ALSS); cockpit accommodation modeling and analysis using the CAD based, FaroArm(TM) portable coordinate measuring machine; ALSS design, sizing, and prototyping using whole body scanning technology with CAD/CAM applications; and the potential for design integration of what the pilot wears with the crewstation in which he/she wears it. RP Tucker, HD (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,DIV AIRCRAFT,CREW SYST DIV,PATUXENT RIVER,MD 20670, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAFE ASSOC PI YONCALLA PA 4995 SCOTTS VALLEY RD, PO BOX 490, YONCALLA, OR 97499-0490 PY 1997 BP 304 EP 310 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BJ88H UT WOS:A1997BJ88H00033 ER PT J AU Caulder, S Hernandez, E Ilkka, T Mastroianni, L AF Caulder, S Hernandez, E Ilkka, T Mastroianni, L GP SAFE ASSOC TI Quality evaluation testing of rocket motors for aircrew escape applications SO SAFE - PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM, SAFE ASSOCIATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Symposium of the SAFE Association CY SEP 08-10, 1997 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP SAFE Assoc AB A requirement of in-service engineering is to evaluate ordnance for degradation and maximizing service-life. Composite rocket motors are returned from the field for quality evaluation testing. These motors primarily contain ammonium perchlorate as the oxidizer and carboxyl-terminated polybutadiene as the binder. The quality evaluation tests consist of static firing as well as chemical and morphological examination of dissected motors. A high-speed computer is used to acquire all ballistic data and perform near real-time analysis during static firing. This analysis determines unit performance with respect to all required ballistic parameters. In addition to this, the capability exists to perform in-depth investigation into perturbations and abnormalities. A scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis capabilities is used to determine the chemical and morphological changes taking place during the aging process. Microstructural changes such as AP particle size growth and binder-filler interactions are correlated with ballistic results. Other methods are also used to investigate phenomena that could lead to reduced propellant performance. The results of the chemical, morphological and ballistic testing for various units will be discussed. Emphasis will be placed on the mechanisms leading to performance degradation. RP Caulder, S (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,INDIAN HEAD DIV,INDIAN HEAD,MD 20640, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAFE ASSOC PI YONCALLA PA 4995 SCOTTS VALLEY RD, PO BOX 490, YONCALLA, OR 97499-0490 PY 1997 BP 344 EP 355 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BJ88H UT WOS:A1997BJ88H00038 ER PT J AU Hunter, RW Engineer, M AF Hunter, RW Engineer, M GP SAFE ASSOC TI NACES drogue parachute service life-extension evaluation program SO SAFE - PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM, SAFE ASSOCIATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Symposium of the SAFE Association CY SEP 08-10, 1997 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP SAFE Assoc AB The current need is to reduce life-cycle and maintenance costs 4 naval equipment without compromising its reliability. The latter is particularly true for emergency egress equipment, such as parachutes where failure is life-threatening. The NACES drogue parachute is pressure packed in a sealed container that shelters it from the environment. Reducing the life-cycle costs of the parachute by extending its service life should be a minimum risk effort. For this reason, a program was performed to evaluate the feasibility of extending the parachute's service life. Evaluation of the data led to the following conclusions. The service life of the packed parachute could be safely extended from six to eight years. The serial number of the container and the serial number of the parachute are not related. The set-dice life of the container is not controlled, and the user cannot determine the parachute serial number without unpacking the parachute. The results show an excessive amount of data scatter between testing facilities. This scatter-results from the variety of test methods used and the inherent variable nature of textile materials. RP Hunter, RW (reprint author), USN,AIRWARFARE CTR,WEAPONS DIV,CREW SYST DEPT,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAFE ASSOC PI YONCALLA PA 4995 SCOTTS VALLEY RD, PO BOX 490, YONCALLA, OR 97499-0490 PY 1997 BP 380 EP 389 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BJ88H UT WOS:A1997BJ88H00042 ER PT J AU Stevens, DE AF Stevens, DE GP SAFE ASSOC TI Virtual horizon altitude warning system SO SAFE - PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM, SAFE ASSOCIATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Symposium of the SAFE Association CY SEP 08-10, 1997 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP SAFE Assoc AB Fatal spatial disorientation mishaps in military, civil and commercial aviation hare remained relatively constant since statistics have been kept. ''Controlled Fight'' into the ground, particularly during reduced visibility, continues despite sophisticated displays and ground proximity warning devices. The underlying reason may be that the pilot is not aware of rite warning, not aware of its urgency, or there is insufficient time to react. Current warnings must be visually or aln ally detected, perceived and then cognitively interpreted. If the warning is nor sufficiently compelling, it may be heard or seen but not perceived. Even if the warning is perceived, it may come too late. The Virtual Horizon Altitude Warning System (VHAWS) concept uses the projection of a virtual or ''Malcolm Horizon'' in the cockpit, This artificial horizon is superimposed over the position of the actual horizon. In addition to the pitch and roll display capability of the ''Malcolm Horizon'', representation of elevation is added. During poor visibility or darkness, the elevation and rate of movement of the virtual horizon parallels that of the real horizon, subconsciously providing the pilot with descent rare and ground proximity cues. In extremis, the rate of elevation of the virtual horizon can be exaggerated to trigger a reflexive ''ground rush'' reaction in the pilot as a reflective warning. RP Stevens, DE (reprint author), USN,ARNOLD ENGN DEV CTR,TULLAHOMA,TN 37388, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAFE ASSOC PI YONCALLA PA 4995 SCOTTS VALLEY RD, PO BOX 490, YONCALLA, OR 97499-0490 PY 1997 BP 405 EP 416 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BJ88H UT WOS:A1997BJ88H00044 ER PT J AU Hennings, EJ AF Hennings, EJ GP SAFE ASSOC TI Mishap data evaluation of current Naval aircraft 1987-1996 SO SAFE - PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM, SAFE ASSOCIATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Symposium of the SAFE Association CY SEP 08-10, 1997 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP SAFE Assoc AB This report documents a study of U.S Naval mishap data from January 1987 to September 1996 involving F/A-18A,B,C,D; AV-8B/TAV-8B; F-14A,B,C,D; EA-6B; T-45; T-2; S-3; and TA-4 aircraft. The study was conducted to determine which technological improvements in aircraft and aircrew safety systems might reduce the mishap/injury/lethality rates of the subject aircraft and crewmembers. Data were first sorted into aircraft categories, including aircraft lost per year by platform and mishaps per 100,000 flight hours by year and by platform The crewmembers involved were then sorted into injury categories. For those crewmembers in the categories of fatality, permanent total disability permanent partial disability, and major injury, the data were sorted into eject/no eject categories and then into technology categories that may have prevented the fatality or injury, first for the entire group and then for only those crewmembers who ejected. The results of this study indicate that 268 of the aircraft listed above have been lost in the 10 years studied. These mishaps involved 416 crewmembers, 192 (46.2%) of which were killed, disabled or received a major injury. Of these 192 crewmembers, the largest number of fatalities and injuries (83 crewmembers (43.2%)) may have been eliminated if an automatic ejection system were available. One hundred twenty-three of these 192 crewmembers were known to have ejected and of these, 41 (33.3%) may have been helped if an improved propulsion system were available. Thirty-three (26.8%) of the 123 would have been helped with an improved restraint system, while 30 (24.4%) would have been helped with an optimized parachute system. It should be noted that each crewmember may have been helped by improvements in more than one technology category; therefore the numbers do not add up to 100%. RP Hennings, EJ (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAPONS DIV,CREW SYST DEPT,EMERGENCY EGRESS & CRASHWORTHY SYST DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAFE ASSOC PI YONCALLA PA 4995 SCOTTS VALLEY RD, PO BOX 490, YONCALLA, OR 97499-0490 PY 1997 BP 465 EP 475 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BJ88H UT WOS:A1997BJ88H00051 ER PT B AU Tran, P AF Tran, P BE Gu, ZH Maradudin, AA TI Dressed Rayleigh expansion for rough surface scattering SO SCATTERING AND SURFACE ROUGHNESS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Scattering and Surface Roughness CY JUL 30-31, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE Raleigh hypothesis; dressed Rayleigh expansion; rough surface scattering AB The Dressed Rayleigh expansion is used to calculate the scattering of electromagnetic radiation from a randomly rough surface. This expansion was developed for grating calculation by Agassi and George [Phys. Rev. B 33, 2393-2400, 1986] to eliminate the numerical overflow, due to the evanescent waves, when the grating height is large. This dressed expansion involves redefining the expansion coefficient so that the matrix element is multiplied by an exponential damping factor. We find that this damping is too strong causing numerical underflow. As the root mean square (rms) roughness increases, the size of the expansion must decrease to avoid this numerical problem. RP Tran, P (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAPONS DIV,RES & TECHNOL GRP,CODE 4B4000D,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2563-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3141 BP 90 EP 96 DI 10.1117/12.279235 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA BJ67R UT WOS:A1997BJ67R00010 ER PT J AU Metzbower, EA Spanos, G Fonda, RW Vandermeer, RA AF Metzbower, EA Spanos, G Fonda, RW Vandermeer, RA TI Prediction of microstructure and properties in the heat affected zone of HSLA-100 weldments SO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF WELDING AND JOINING LA English DT Article ID STEEL; DIAGRAMS; WELDS; MODEL; MN; SI AB The objective of this study was to model the evolution of the microstructure and the resultant hardness in the heat affected zone (HAZ) of HSLA-100 steel weldments. The experimental HAZ results of Spanos et al., where four different weld thermal cycles, with two peak temperatures (1400 and 900 degrees C) and two cooling rates (5 and 60 K s(-1)), were emulated in a heating/quenching dilatometer, are compared with the results of three weld simulation models for the decomposition of austenite. The three models are those of Kirkaldy and co-workers, Ion, Easterling, and Ashby, and Bhadeshia and co-workers. All of the models require the chemical composition, a thermal profile, and an austenite grain size measurement. All of the models gave excellent results for the fast cooling rates. Bhadeshia's model gave good results for one of the slower cooling rates, but not the other. Neither Kirkaldy's model nor that of Ion et al. was satisfactory for the slower cooling rate cases. RP Metzbower, EA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,PHYS MET BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU INST MATERIALS PI LONDON PA 1 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON, ENGLAND SW1Y 5DB SN 1362-1718 J9 SCI TECHNOL WELD JOI JI Sci. Technol. Weld. Join. PY 1997 VL 2 IS 1 BP 27 EP 32 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA XV169 UT WOS:A1997XV16900004 ER PT J AU Mundra, K Blackburn, JM DebRoy, T AF Mundra, K Blackburn, JM DebRoy, T TI Absorption and transport of hydrogen during gas metal arc welding of low alloy steel SO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF WELDING AND JOINING LA English DT Article ID HEAT-TRANSFER; PHASE-CHANGE; CONVECTION; FLOW AB Although hydrogen induced cracking remains a major problem in the welding of steels, the present methods of managing hydrogen in the weldment are mostly empirical in nature. In recent years, numerical modelling of heat transfer and fluid flow has provided detailed insight into the physical processes in welding. However, very little effort has been made in the past to use these transport phenomena based calculations to understand the dissolution of hydrogen in the weld metal and its subsequent transport in the liquid and solid regions. The aim of the present work was to address this important need. Heat transfer fluid flow, and hydrogen transport Calculations in transient, three-dimensional form are used to predict the spatial distribution of hydrogen concentration in the weld metal during gas metal arc welding of mild steels for different welding conditions. The enhanced hydrogen solubility in the weld metal above that predicted by Sieverts law was determined from a model for the partitioning of hydrogen between the weldment and its plasma environment. The model considers the presence of a superequilibrium concentration of atomic hydrogen which is significantly higher than that produced by thermal dissociation. The results indicate that for a meaningful prediction of the hydrogen concentration in the weld metal, hydrogen absorption at the weld pool surface, transport of hydrogen within the weld pool, and the diffusion of hydrogen away from the solidified weld metal should be considered simultaneously. The agreement between the experimental and predicted results indicates significant promise for predicting weld metal hydrogen concentration infusion welds from fundamentals of transport phenomena. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,WELDING BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20084. RI DebRoy, Tarasankar/A-2106-2010 NR 28 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 6 PU INST MATERIALS PI LONDON PA 1 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON, ENGLAND SW1Y 5DB SN 1362-1718 J9 SCI TECHNOL WELD JOI JI Sci. Technol. Weld. Join. PY 1997 VL 2 IS 4 BP 174 EP 184 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA YK878 UT WOS:A1997YK87800006 ER PT J AU Gaffney, PG Herr, FL AF Gaffney, PG Herr, FL TI Ocean science and technology at the Office of Naval Research SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 ONR SENSING & SYST DIV,ARLINGTON,TX. RP Gaffney, PG (reprint author), USN,ARLINGTON,VA 22217, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 38 IS 1 BP 23 EP & PG 4 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA WE084 UT WOS:A1997WE08400007 ER PT B AU Kim, C AF Kim, C BE Whitaker, AF ClarkIngram, M Hessler, SL TI V-22 Aircraft Environmental Program SO SECOND AEROSPACE ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE SE NASA CONFERENCE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Aerospace Environmental Technology Conference CY AUG 06-08, 1996 CL HUNTSVILLE, AL SP NASA, NASA Operat Environm Team, NASA, Off Space Flight, SAMPE Space Mfg Trust Comm, Aerosp Ind Assoc, Air Transport Assoc, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, Amer Soc Met Int, Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Ctr Mfg Sci, Univ Alabama Huntsville AB Since February 1991, the Department of Defense (DoD) has required that weapon system acquisition programs incorporate environmental considerations into the development of the weapon system, including the design, test, operation, maintenance and disposal. Prior to this date, DoD's policies were oriented towards operation of facilities and installation, with the focus on the pollution control devices required for compliance, and the cleanup or restoration of problems created by past activities. Studies done by the DoD and individual services, have resulted in the conclusion that a major portion of the environmental problems experienced by the facilities and installations are a direct result of the weapon system being operated and maintained at these sites. Additional environmental policy and regulations, e.g., Executive Orders, have further specified environmental requirements for weapon system acquisition programs. The resulting problem was that there was no method established for implementing this environmental policy into an already complicated, expensive, and time consuming acquisition process. The V-22 Osprey Aircraft Program innovatively integrated the environmental requirements into the acquisition process. The Program established a multi-disciplinary team to coordinate and implement environmental requirements. This team consists of program management personnel, environmental and materials engineers, legal counsel, and U.S. Marine Corps aircraft maintenance personnel. The team developed an environmental strategy by analyzing the aircraft system and identifying specific technical and environmental issues. The environmental team educated as many people within the V-22 acquisition team as possible, and worked closely with the program's prime contractors - Bell Helicopter Textron, Boeing Helicopters and Allison Engine Company. Through the efforts of the government and the prime contractors, the V-22 program was able to establish and implement an effective environmental program. This program assures compliance with all environmental regulations and policies, but also provides a product that reduces the operating, support and disposal cost of the aircraft and decreases potential risk to personnel and the environment by reducing the use and generation of hazardous materials and wastes. RP Kim, C (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,DIV AIRCRAFT,HIGHWAY 547,LAKEHURST,NJ 08733, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU NASA PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON, DC 20546 J9 NASA CONF P PY 1997 VL 3349 BP 253 EP 262 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA BJ47U UT WOS:A1997BJ47U00030 ER PT J AU Farncomb, RE Nauflett, GW AF Farncomb, RE Nauflett, GW BE Whitaker, AF ClarkIngram, M Hessler, SL TI Supercritical carbon dioxide processing of a pyrotechnic SO SECOND AEROSPACE ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE SE NASA CONFERENCE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Aerospace Environmental Technology Conference CY AUG 06-08, 1996 CL HUNTSVILLE, AL SP NASA, NASA Operat Environm Team, NASA, Off Space Flight, SAMPE Space Mfg Trust Comm, Aerosp Ind Assoc, Air Transport Assoc, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, Amer Soc Met Int, Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Ctr Mfg Sci, Univ Alabama Huntsville AB The magnesium, Teflon and Viton (MTV) pyrotechnic ignition material has been produced at NSWC/IHD since the early 1950's using the Shock-Gel process. MTV crumb was prepared by slurrying magnesium and Teflon in an acetone solution of Viton, followed by drowning the mixture with hexane. Residual acetone was extracted from the MTV crumb with additional hexane washes. The hexane wet MTV crumb was oven dried, extruded and cut to length. The Shock-Gel process generates ten pounds of hazardous waste per pound of MTV produced. The new and improved method for MTV preparation was designated the Super-Shock process. In this process carbon dioxide replaces hexane as the antisolvent. The MTV crumb was extracted with SC-CO2 to remove, trace amounts of acetone thereby eliminating the need for drying prior to extrusion. The Super-Shock process generates essentially no hazardous waste because carbon dioxide, acetone and out of specification crumb were recycled. RP Farncomb, RE (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,INDIAN HEAD,MD 20640, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NASA PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON, DC 20546 J9 NASA CONF P PY 1997 VL 3349 BP 385 EP 390 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA BJ47U UT WOS:A1997BJ47U00042 ER PT J AU Nauflett, GW Farncomb, RE AF Nauflett, GW Farncomb, RE BE Whitaker, AF ClarkIngram, M Hessler, SL TI Development of an electrochemical waste treatment facility SO SECOND AEROSPACE ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE SE NASA CONFERENCE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Aerospace Environmental Technology Conference CY AUG 06-08, 1996 CL HUNTSVILLE, AL SP NASA, NASA Operat Environm Team, NASA, Off Space Flight, SAMPE Space Mfg Trust Comm, Aerosp Ind Assoc, Air Transport Assoc, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, Amer Soc Met Int, Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Ctr Mfg Sci, Univ Alabama Huntsville AB Electrochemical Oxidation can offer a viable alternative to incineration, landfill, and deep well injection for disposal of harmful chemicals. The U.S. Navy generates about one million pounds of Otto Fuel LI waste per year. About two thirds of the waste is liquid and one third of it is solid waste contaminated with the fuel. Otto Fuel II is a three component liquid monopropellant used for torpedo propulsion. The Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center has been tasked to conduct a feasibility study utilizing an indirect electrochemical oxidation process for the destruction of Otto Fuel II waste, and provide technical and engineering support for construction of a full scale disposal facility at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Keyport, WA. Indirect electrochemical oxidation of organic materials is facilitated by using metals ions in a mineral acid electrolyte as a regenerative catalyst or mediator. Silver, cobalt, nickel, cerium, magnesium, and iron have been used as regenerative oxidants(1). Catalyzed Electrochemical Oxidation (CEO), a low temperature and low pressure electrochemical oxidation process developed by Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories (PNL) is being examined for use in the destruction of Otto Fuel II Waste(2,3). The CEO process uses the regenerative oxidant cerium (Ce3+/Ce4+) for the treatment of organic waste. Laboratory and bench scale studies showed that Otto Fuel II is readily destroyed by the CEO process. Pilot scale CEO studies are planned to determine the operational requirements for a full scale CEO plant to treat Otto Fuel LI waste. A summary of this work will be presented in this paper. The primary focus of the paper centers around the establishment of requirements for a full scale CEO facility. RP Nauflett, GW (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,101 STRAUSS AVE,INDIAN HEAD,MD 20640, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NASA PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON, DC 20546 J9 NASA CONF P PY 1997 VL 3349 BP 429 EP 436 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA BJ47U UT WOS:A1997BJ47U00046 ER PT B AU Elliott, KC Hickling, A McFadden, R AF Elliott, KC Hickling, A McFadden, R BE Whitaker, AF ClarkIngram, M Hessler, SL TI The design of a small transportable solid rocket motor exhaust scrubber SO SECOND AEROSPACE ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE SE NASA CONFERENCE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Aerospace Environmental Technology Conference CY AUG 06-08, 1996 CL HUNTSVILLE, AL SP NASA, NASA Operat Environm Team, NASA, Off Space Flight, SAMPE Space Mfg Trust Comm, Aerosp Ind Assoc, Air Transport Assoc, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, Amer Soc Met Int, Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Ctr Mfg Sci, Univ Alabama Huntsville AB The Naval Surface Warfare Center, Indian Head Division (NSWC/IHD) is being funded by CNO45 to develop a system to scrub rocket motor exhaust gases from test firings. NSWC/IHD has initiated a pilot program to design and fabricate a transportable system to perform this scrubbing without adversely affecting static testing results. This effort will also provide data for future scale-up design efforts. This paper addresses previous scrubber design efforts, current design requirements and constraints, our design approach, and elements of the final design. RP Elliott, KC (reprint author), NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CTR,INDIAN HEAD,MD 20640, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NASA PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON, DC 20546 J9 NASA CONF P PY 1997 VL 3349 BP 523 EP 531 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA BJ47U UT WOS:A1997BJ47U00056 ER PT B AU Shier, LM Fischer, J AF Shier, LM Fischer, J BE Arnaboldi, M daCosta, GS Saha, P TI Stellar kinematics in merging galaxies: Clues to the fate of merger remnants SO SECOND STROMLO SYMPOSIUM: THE NATURE OF ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Stromlo Symposium on the Nature of Elliptical Galaxies CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL AUSTR ACAD SCI, CANBERRA, AUSTRALIA SP Austr Natl Univ, Mt Stromlo Observ, Austr Natl Univ, Siding Spring Observ, Austr Govt, Dept Ind Sci & Tourism, QANTAS, Austr Telescope Natl Facil, Univ Sydney, Res Ctr Theoret Astrophys, Anglo Austr Observ, Austr Acad Sci HO AUSTR ACAD SCI C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shier, LM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 1-886733-36-8 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 1997 VL 116 BP 502 EP 503 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK73M UT WOS:000073252500098 ER PT S AU Pipitone, F Hartley, R AF Pipitone, F Hartley, R BE Nnaji, BO Wang, A TI Moving-correlation-code triangulation range imaging SO SENSORS AND CONTROLS FOR ADVANCED MANUFACTURING SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensors and Controls for Advanced Manufacturing CY OCT 14-15, 1997 CL PITTSBURGH, PA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NIST, Coalit Intelligent Mfg Syst, Acad Coalit Intelligent Mfg Syst DE range; rangefinder; triangulation; structured light AB A new method is described for obtaining accurate range images at high speed in a low-cost instrument. A prototype has been built and tested, and a patent application submitted. The method resembles grid-coding in that a camera and a stripe projector are directed at a scene, but the projector is different. It consists of a thin light source (xenon tube and slit) on the axis of a turntable, and a binary mask conforming to a cylinder coaxial with this. The mask has alternate black and clear stripes parallel to the axis. It forms a DeBruijn sequence, i.e., a sequence in which all possible sub-sequences of given length n occur. No lens is used, deliberately smoothing the resulting illumination. In operation, the turntable rotates, and six consecutive images are taken at uniform intervals. A given pixel records six consecutive samples of a scene point. This six-vector, when normalized to unity to accommodate reflectance variations, is unique to the place in the sequence from which it came. Thus we can compute the position in 3-space of the surface point at which the pixel is looking. Observed accuracy is .1 millimeter at 30 centimeters range. C1 USN, Res Lab, Navy Ctr Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pipitone, F (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Navy Ctr Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-2633-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3201 BP 91 EP 97 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Manufacturing; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BK34Q UT WOS:000071860200010 ER PT S AU Bashkansky, M Duncan, MD Reintjes, J AF Bashkansky, M Duncan, MD Reintjes, J BE Nnaji, BO Wang, A TI Optical-gating techniques for material inspection SO SENSORS AND CONTROLS FOR ADVANCED MANUFACTURING SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensors and Controls for Advanced Manufacturing CY OCT 14-15, 1997 CL PITTSBURGH, PA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NIST, Coalit Intelligent Mfg Syst, Acad Coalit Intelligent Mfg Syst DE optical coherence tomography; OCT; non-destructive evaluation; NDE; ceramics; imaging; scanning AB Optical gating techniques provide an important method for the non-destructive evaluation of a number of different transparent, translucent, and even highly scattering materials. We have used optical coherence tomography with 1.3 mu m wavelength light to probe the subsurface region of ceramic, diamond film, single crystal silicon carbide, and other samples. We have demonstrated sample penetration depths of 100 to 1300 mu m. We have achieved lateral spatial resolutions of 5 mu m and depth resolutions of 10 mu m. We have developed scanning techniques that allow arbitrary planes in the sample to be imaged in less than 1 second and we have extended the scanning capabilities to allow for scanning over spherical convex or concave surfaces. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bashkansky, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5642,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-2633-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3201 BP 98 EP 106 PG 9 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Manufacturing; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BK34Q UT WOS:000071860200011 ER PT J AU Shin, YS Chisum, JE AF Shin, YS Chisum, JE TI Modeling and simulation of underwater shock problems using a coupled Lagrangian-Eulerian analysis approach SO SHOCK AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article AB The application of coupled Lagrangian-Eulerian analysis to various types of underwater shock problems was investigated, with the verification and validation of this analysis approach in mind. Analyses were conducted for a simple TNT detonation problem and for the classical problems of an infinite cylindrical shell and a spherical shell loaded by a plane acoustic step wave. The advantages, disadvantages, and limitations of this approach are identified and discussed. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. RP Shin, YS (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MECH ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 12 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 1070-9622 J9 SHOCK VIB JI Shock Vib. PY 1997 VL 4 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA WA784 UT WOS:A1997WA78400001 ER PT J AU Chisum, JE Shin, YS AF Chisum, JE Shin, YS TI Explosion gas bubbles near simple boundaries SO SHOCK AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article AB Finite element analyses of explosion gas bubbles show that including the compressibility of the surrounding media leads to appreciable differences in key areas of the bubble's behavior. In order to more fully understand the behavior of bubbles created by detonations near simple boundaries, analyses incorporating fluid compressibility were conducted at various stand-off distances from simple rigid and constant pressure surface boundaries. The results from these analyses serve to characterize the behavior of the bubbles for the charge type, charge weight, and hydrostatic pressure used in the analyses. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. RP Chisum, JE (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MECH ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 8 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 1070-9622 J9 SHOCK VIB JI Shock Vib. PY 1997 VL 4 IS 1 BP 11 EP 25 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA WA784 UT WOS:A1997WA78400002 ER PT J AU Waldo, GV AF Waldo, GV TI Reflected-afterflow virtual-source model compared to exact calculations for elastic cylinders attacked by planar waves SO SHOCK AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article AB A recently developed theoretical approximation, the reflected-afterflow virtual-source (RA VS) model, is applied to the case of a planar shock wave attacking an elastic cylindrical shell. Calculations are shown to be in good agreement with the exact calculations that were published by Huang for all locations and times. It is concluded that the RAVS model gives a good approximation for the loading and response of an elastic cylindrical shell attacked by planar waves. The RAVS model is shown to be even better for spherical waves that are of much more practical interest. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. RP Waldo, GV (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,BETHESDA,MD 20084, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 1070-9622 J9 SHOCK VIB JI Shock Vib. PY 1997 VL 4 IS 2 BP 93 EP 102 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA WK597 UT WOS:A1997WK59700002 ER PT B AU Ricks, RL Klausen, MB Barnett, JT AF Ricks, RL Klausen, MB Barnett, JT BE Drummond, OE TI Neyman-Pearson tracker performance assessment SO SIGNAL AND DATA PROCESSING OF SMALL TARGETS 1997 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1997 CY JUL 29-31, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE tracker performance assessment; Neyman-Pearson criteria; false track confirmation; target detection; InfraRed Search and Track (IRST) systems AB In this paper, a method of testing combinations of image processing, track-before-detect, and track-after-detect algorithms is presented. It emphasizes false track confirmation rates and the time required to confirm true tracks whereas methods in the literature emphasize track purity and accuracy in estimating the target state. This method, which is an extension of the Neyman-Pearson criterion, yields a single performance measure, the expected time to confirm a true target track. The value of this method is in potential for component algorithm (spatial filter, track-before-detect, track-after-detect) tradeoff and track discriminant studies. Using it, one may quantitatively compare the effect of different spatial filters or different track discriminants, or the effect of using more computationally intensive track-after-detect algorithms and less computationally intensive hack-before-detect algorithms. RP Ricks, RL (reprint author), USN,COMMAND & CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RES DEV TEST & EVALUAT DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2585-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3163 BP 189 EP 193 DI 10.1117/12.283960 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BJ90Z UT WOS:A1997BJ90Z00017 ER PT B AU Watson, GA Blair, WD Rice, TR AF Watson, GA Blair, WD Rice, TR BE Drummond, OE TI Enhanced electronically scanned array resource management through multisensor integration SO SIGNAL AND DATA PROCESSING OF SMALL TARGETS 1997 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1997 CY JUL 29-31, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE tracking; multisensor integration; resource management; IMM algorithm; electronically scanned array AB The integration of multiple sensors for target tracking and resource management has been intensely investigated and several effective techniques have been developed. These conventional techniques employ decision-directed logic and are very complex but have the potential to improve performance. For most systems, each sensor provides its information to a central location where the integration occurs. The central track is employed for system decisions and it is typically not used by the individual sensors. This low level of integration provides a manageable tracking environment but restricts the potential for system improvement. An Electronically Scanned Array (ESA) is highly controllable and has the ability to greatly enhance tracking performance. Resource allocation for an ESA is critical since it must support multiple functions, and several modern techniques have been developed to enhance its performance as a stand-alone sensor by effectively managing its time-energy budget. The integration of an ESA with other sensors can further enhance the tracking and reduce the resource allocation requirements of the ESA. This paper presents a technique for ESA resource management through the use of multisensor integration. The proposed technique avoids the decision-directed logic associated with conventional techniques by employing the Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) algorithm. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of this modern integration technique. RP Watson, GA (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SYST RES & TECHNOL DEPT,DAHLGREN DIV,CODE B32,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2585-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3163 BP 329 EP 340 DI 10.1117/12.283963 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BJ90Z UT WOS:A1997BJ90Z00029 ER PT B AU Blair, WD Watson, GA BrandtPearce, M AF Blair, WD Watson, GA BrandtPearce, M BE Drummond, OE TI Monopulse tracking of two unresolved Rayleigh targets SO SIGNAL AND DATA PROCESSING OF SMALL TARGETS 1997 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1997 CY JUL 29-31, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE radar signal processing; target tracking; sensor resolution AB When two targets are closely-spaced with respect to the resolution of a radar, the measurements of the two targets will be merged when the target echoes are not resolved in angle, range, or radial velocity (i.e., Doppler processing). Monopulse processing is considered for Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) estimation of two unresolved Rayleigh targets with known relative Radar Cross Section (RCS). The probability distribution of the complex monopulse ratio is developed for two unresolved Rayleigh targets. The Fisher information matrix and Cramer Rao bounds are developed for the DOA estimation of two unresolved Rayleigh targets using a standard monopulse radar. When the two Rayleigh targets are separated by more than one-half of the radar beamwidth, DOA estimation is accomplished for each target by treating the other target as interference. When the two targets are separated by less than one-half of a beamwidth, the antenna boresight is pointed between the two targets, and the mean of the in-phase (i.e.,the real part) monopulse ratio and the variance of the in-phase and quadrature monopulse ratios are utilized to estimate the DOAs of the two targets. Simulation results that illustrate performance of the DOA estimators are given along with a simple tracking example. RP Blair, WD (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SYST RES & TECHNOL DEPT,DAHLGREN DIV,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2585-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3163 BP 452 EP 463 DI 10.1117/12.283968 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BJ90Z UT WOS:A1997BJ90Z00039 ER PT B AU Smith, JF AF Smith, JF BE Kadar, I TI A fuzzy logic multisensor association algorithm SO SIGNAL PROCESSING, SENSOR FUSION, AND TARGET RECOGNITION VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor Fusion, and Target Recognition VI CY APR 21-24, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE fuzzy clustering; fuzzy sets; fuzzy logic; recursive; multisensor; association; superclustering; outlier suppression; ESM; radar AB A recursive multisensor association algorithm has been developed based on fuzzy logic. It simultaneously determines fuzzy grades of membership and fuzzy cluster centers, It is capable of associating data from various sensor types and in its simplest form makes no assumption about noise statistics as many association algorithms do, e,g., [G.V. Trunk and J.D. Wilson, ''Association of DF Bearing Measurements with Radar Track,'' IEEE Trans on AES, Vol. AES-23,, No. 4, July 1987], The algorithm is capable of performing without operator intervention, i.e., it is unsupervised. It associates data from the same target for multiple sensor types. The algorithm also provides an estimate of the number of targets present, reduced noise estimates of the quantities being measured and a measure of confidence To assign to the data association, The fuzzy logic formalism used offers the opportunity to incorporate additional information or heuristic rules easily, A comparison of the algorithm to a more conventioned Bayesian association algorithm is provided, Also, procedures for defuzzification, i.e,, mapping fuzzy results to hard results are discussed as well as the method of determining target validity, Various simulated and experimentally measured real-time data sets are analyzed and provide a basis for comparison of the fuzzy and Bayesian association algorithms. RP Smith, JF (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,TACT ELECT WARFARE DIV,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2483-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3068 BP 76 EP 87 DI 10.1117/12.280788 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA BJ39A UT WOS:A1997BJ39A00008 ER PT B AU Ancona, MG Yu, Z Lee, WC Dutton, RW Voorde, PV AF Ancona, MG Yu, Z Lee, WC Dutton, RW Voorde, PV GP IEEE TI Density-gradient simulations of quantum effects in ultra-thin-oxide MOS structures SO SISPAD '97 - 1997 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SIMULATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSES AND DEVICES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices (SISPAD 97) CY SEP 08-10, 1997 CL CAMBRIDGE, MA SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc AB The density-gradient approach to quantum transport theory is used to model the C-V characteristics of MOS devices with ultra-thin gate oxides. The method is shown to provide a physics-based approach the works well in all bias regimes and is simple enough for engineering applications. RP Ancona, MG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3775-1 PY 1997 BP 97 EP 100 DI 10.1109/SISPAD.1997.621345 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BJ53T UT WOS:A1997BJ53T00024 ER PT B AU Brutzman, D Zyda, M Watsen, K Macedonia, M AF Brutzman, D Zyda, M Watsen, K Macedonia, M GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Virtual Reality Transfer Protocol (VRTP) design rationale SO SIXTH IEEE WORKSHOPS ON ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES: INFRASTRUCTURE FOR COLLABORATIVE ENTERPRISES, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th IEEE Workshops on Enabling Technologies - Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises (WET-ICE 97) CY JUN 18-20, 1997 CL MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA SP IEEE Comp Soc, Concurrent Engn Res Ctr, W Virginia Univ, IEEE Commun Soc, Tech Comm Informat Infrastruct, Assoc Comp Machinery, SIGGROUP HO MIT AB The capabilities of the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) permit building large-scale virtual environments (LSVEs) using the Internet and the World Wide Web. However the underlying network support provided by the hypertext transfer protocol (http) is insufficient for LSVEs. Additional capabilities for lightweight peer-to-peer communications and network monitoring need to be combined with the client-server capabilities of http. To accomplish this task, we present a detailed design rationale for the virtual reality transfer protocol (vrtp). vrtp is designed to support VRML in the same manner as http was designed to support HTML. Since vrtp must be highly optimized on individual desktops and across the Internet, a Cyberspace Backbone (CBone) is also needed for vrtp development and testing. vrtp appears to be a necessary next step in the deployment of all-encompassing interactive internetworked 3D worlds. RP Brutzman, D (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,CODE UW-BR,CS-ZK,CS-WA,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 BN 0-8186-7967-0 PY 1997 BP 179 EP 186 DI 10.1109/ENABL.1997.630811 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BJ77B UT WOS:A1997BJ77B00028 ER PT S AU Kurfess, JD AF Kurfess, JD BE Dufour, RJ TorresPeimbert, S TI Gamma ray lines from supernovae, supernovae remnants, and the interstellar medium SO SIXTH TEXAS-MEXICO CONFERENCE ON ASTROPHYSICS: ASTROPHYSICAL PLASMAS NEAR AND FAR SE REVISTA MEXICANA DE ASTRONOMIA Y ASTROFISICA, SERIE DE CONFERENCIAS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Texas-Mexico Conference on Astrophysics : Astrophysical Plasmas - Near and Far CY MAR 06-08, 1997 CL RICE UNIV, HOUSTON, TX HO RICE UNIV DE gamma rays, observations; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; supernovae, general AB The early observations, status and future prospects of gamma ray line astronomy are discussed. The initial observations were achieved by Bob Haymes and his team at Rice University with the first detection of an astronomical gamma, ray spectral line - a feature near 0.5 MeV-associated with the positron annihilation line from the galactic center region. The field has progressed slowly due to the low fluxes. Nevertheless, exciting results have been achieved on gamma ray line observations of supernovae. the detection of radioactive Al-26 from the galactic plane, and evidence for diffuse emission from Orion. With prospects for significant improvement in sensitivity, it is clear that gamma ray line astronomy has an important future. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kurfess, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTONOMA MEXICO INSTITUTO ASTRONOMIA PI MEXICO CITY PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-264, MEXICO CITY 04510, MEXICO SN 1405-2059 J9 REV MEX AST ASTR PY 1997 VL 7 BP 118 EP 123 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BK86R UT WOS:000073706100017 ER PT J AU El-Daly, A Pitman, KT Ferguson, BJ Snyderman, CH AF El-Daly, A Pitman, KT Ferguson, BJ Snyderman, CH TI Primary extracranial meningioma of the maxillary antrum SO SKULL BASE SURGERY LA English DT Article ID PARA-NASAL SINUSES; CAVITY AB A case of primary extracranial meningioma of the maxillary antrum is reported. A 45-year-old male presented with symptoms of chronic sinusitis. Imaging studies showed a soft tissue mass with calcification, filling the maxillary antrum. The:mass was removed moved surgically, and pathological studies revealed a fibroblastic meningioma. The maxillary antrum is an uncommon location of primary extracranial meningioma, and our case is the sixth to be reported in that location. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Snyderman, CH (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 SEVENTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA SN 1052-1453 J9 SKULL BASE SURG JI Skull Base Surg. PY 1997 VL 7 IS 4 BP 211 EP 215 DI 10.1055/s-2008-1058598 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 179XC UT WOS:000079354500009 PM 17171033 ER PT S AU Agrawal, BN Elshafei, MA AF Agrawal, BN Elshafei, MA BE Hariz, A Varadan, VK Reinhold, O TI Shape control of composite material plates using piezoelectric actuators SO SMART MATERIALS, STRUCTURES, AND INTEGRATED SYSTEMS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Smart Materials, Structures, and Integrated Systems CY DEC 11-13, 1997 CL ADELAIDE, AUSTRALIA SP Univ S Austr, Microelectr Ctr, Austr, Def Sci & Technol Org, Austr, Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE composite material plates; piezoelectric actuators; shape control; intelligent structure; finite element AB This paper concerns ?he shape control of composite material plates using piezoelectric actuators. A finite element formulation is developed for modeling laminated composite plate that has piezoelectric actuators and sensors. To improve the accuracy of the prediction of the plate deformation, a Simple higher-order deformation theory is used. The electrical potential is treated as a generalized coordinate, allowing it to vary over the element. For the shape control, an optimization algorithm, based on finite element techniques, is developed to determine optimal actuator voltages to minimize the surface error between the desired shape and actual deformed shape, The error function for a plate element is determined by calculating the mean square of the surface error over tile surface, instead of determining it only at the node points of the element. Based, on these techniques, Matlab codes were developed. Analyses were performed to determine optimum actuator voltages. The analytical results demonstrate the feasibility of using piezoelectric actuators for the active shape control of spacecraft reflectors. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Spacecraft Res & Design Ctr, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. RP Agrawal, BN (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Spacecraft Res & Design Ctr, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-2679-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3241 BP 300 EP 311 DI 10.1117/12.293510 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA BK08T UT WOS:000071156200033 ER PT B AU Friebele, EJ Putnam, MA Kersey, AD Greenblatt, AS Ruthven, GP Krim, MH Gottschalck, KS AF Friebele, EJ Putnam, MA Kersey, AD Greenblatt, AS Ruthven, GP Krim, MH Gottschalck, KS BE Claus, RO TI Ultrahigh sensitivity strain sensing using fiber cavity etalons SO SMART SENSING, PROCESSING, AND INSTRUMENTATION - SMART STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS 1997 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Smart Sensing, Processing, and Instrumentation - Smart Structures and Materials 1997 CY MAR 03-05, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Soc Exptl Mech Inc, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, USAF Wright Lab, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy, Amer Inst Chem Engineers, Amer Phys Soc, Div Mat Phys, Ceram Soc Japan, USA Res Lab, Intelligent Mat Forum, Japan DE fiber optic sensors; strain sensing; thermal apparent strain; microdynamics AB Ultrahigh sensitivity strain sensors are required for precision applications where length changes on the order of nanometers must be detected. Using a single mode fiber as a cavity etalon, a new, ultrahigh sensitivity optical fiber sensor has been developed. The sensor is fabricated by gold-coating the cleaved ends of similar to 1 m long single mode fiber to form a moderate finesse (F approximate to 50) fiber cavity etalon. The sensor has demonstrated static strain sensitivity of similar to 1 np and low frequency noise performance of similar to 4 p epsilon/root Hz at 10 Hz. The results of quasistatic stepped strain (<50 n epsilon) and free vibration dynamic strain measurements of these sensors bonded to low expansion struts will be reported. RP Friebele, EJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2455-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3042 BP 100 EP 110 DI 10.1117/12.275728 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science; Optics GA BJ06W UT WOS:A1997BJ06W00011 ER PT B AU Putnam, MA Dennis, ML Kang, JU Tsai, TE Duling, IN Friebele, EJ AF Putnam, MA Dennis, ML Kang, JU Tsai, TE Duling, IN Friebele, EJ BE Claus, RO TI Sensor grating demodulation using a passively mode locked fiber laser SO SMART SENSING, PROCESSING, AND INSTRUMENTATION - SMART STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS 1997 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Smart Sensing, Processing, and Instrumentation - Smart Structures and Materials 1997 CY MAR 03-05, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Soc Exptl Mech Inc, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, USAF Wright Lab, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy, Amer Inst Chem Engineers, Amer Phys Soc, Div Mat Phys, Ceram Soc Japan, USA Res Lab, Intelligent Mat Forum, Japan DE fiber laser; strain sensing; fiber Bragg gratings; mode locked erbium-doped fiber laser AB A fiber Bragg grating sensor array is interrogated using a broad bandwidth passively mode locked fiber laser source. A novel demodulation scheme is demonstrated using highly dispersive fiber to convert the grating wavelength shift to a temporal shift in the arrival time of the reflected pulses. The mode locked fiber laser was then modified and operated in the square pulse regime, where 4W, 10 ns pulses with bandwidths greater than 60 nm were used successfully to illuminate 2% fiber Bragg gratings. RP Putnam, MA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Kang, Jin/A-3228-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2455-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3042 BP 352 EP 357 DI 10.1117/12.275754 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science; Optics GA BJ06W UT WOS:A1997BJ06W00037 ER PT B AU Kersey, AD Davis, MA Berkoff, TA Dandridge, A Jones, RT Tsai, T Cogdell, G Wang, G Havsgaard, GB Pran, K Knudsen, S AF Kersey, AD Davis, MA Berkoff, TA Dandridge, A Jones, RT Tsai, T Cogdell, G Wang, G Havsgaard, GB Pran, K Knudsen, S BE Claus, RO TI Transient load monitoring on a composite null ship using distributed fiber optic Bragg grating sensors SO SMART SENSING, PROCESSING, AND INSTRUMENTATION - SMART STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS 1997 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Smart Sensing, Processing, and Instrumentation - Smart Structures and Materials 1997 CY MAR 03-05, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Soc Exptl Mech Inc, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, USAF Wright Lab, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy, Amer Inst Chem Engineers, Amer Phys Soc, Div Mat Phys, Ceram Soc Japan, USA Res Lab, Intelligent Mat Forum, Japan AB We describe strain data recorded using fiber optic Bragg grating sensors mounted to the hull of a GRP composite ship. Twelve gratings were attached to the structure, in three arrays of four elements. The electro-optics system used was able to monitor a single set of four elements at a time. The preliminary results indicate the usefulness of distributed fiber Bragg grating sensor systems for monitoring transient loading events on such structures. RP Kersey, AD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5600,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2455-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3042 BP 421 EP 430 DI 10.1117/12.275763 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science; Optics GA BJ06W UT WOS:A1997BJ06W00045 ER PT B AU Kirby, GC Lim, TW Weber, R Bosse, AB Povich, C Fisher, S AF Kirby, GC Lim, TW Weber, R Bosse, AB Povich, C Fisher, S BE Regelbrugge, ME TI Strain-based shape estimation algorithms for a cantilever beam SO SMART STRUCTURES AND INTEGRATED SYSTEMS - SMART STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS 1997 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Smart Structures and Integrated Systems - Smart Structures and Materials 1997 CY MAR 03-06, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Soc Exptl Mech Inc, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, USAF Wright Lab, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy, Amer Inst Chem Engineers, Amer Phys Soc, Div Mat Phys, Ceram Soc Japan, USA Res Lab, Intelligent Mat Forum, Japan DE shape estimation; smart structures; strain-displacement mapping; metrology AB Strain-displacement mappings based on linear and quadratic curvature assumptions are derived, compared for a numerical model and applied to a 4.37 m tapered composite boom with a circular cross-section. Displacement estimations are obtained for both the vertical and horizontal directions with displacement estimation errors of less than 0.2 mm in the vertical direction and 1 mm in the horizontal direction. Limitations on strain displacement algorithms for long booms are discussed as well as strain sensor noise effects on estimation accuracy. RP Kirby, GC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2454-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3041 BP 788 EP 798 DI 10.1117/12.275704 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Optics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Optics GA BJ06V UT WOS:A1997BJ06V00070 ER PT B AU Davis, MA Kersey, AD Berkoff, TA Jones, RT Idriss, RL Kodinduma, M AF Davis, MA Kersey, AD Berkoff, TA Jones, RT Idriss, RL Kodinduma, M BE Stubbs, N TI Dynamic strain monitoring of an in-use interstate bridge using fiber Bragg grating sensors SO SMART SYSTEMS FOR BRIDGES, STRUCTURES, AND HIGHWAYS - SMART STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS 1997 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Smart Systems for Bridges, Structures, and Highways - Smart Structures and Materials 1997 CY MAR 05-06, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Soc Exptl Mech Inc, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, USAF, Wright Lab, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy, Amer Inst Chem Engineers, Amer Phys Soc, Div Mat Phys, Ceram Soc Japan, UAS Res Lab, Intelligent Mat Forum, Japan AB We describe the monitoring of the dynamic strain response of an in-service I-10 interstate bridge due to traffic loading. FBG sensors were attached to the center support girder of one span of the structure. Using a fiber Bragg grating interrogation system based on a wavelength division multiplexer, the sensors were monitored for various vehicle loading conditions. RP Davis, MA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5600,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 5 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2456-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3043 BP 87 EP 95 DI 10.1117/12.274634 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BH93J UT WOS:A1997BH93J00011 ER PT S AU Shyu, HJ AF Shyu, HJ GP IEEE TI Applying morphological filters to acoustic broadband correlograms SO SMC '97 CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS - 1997 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS, VOLS 1-5: CONFERENCE THEME: COMPUTATIONAL CYBERNETICS AND SIMULATION SE IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNATICS, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Computational Cybernetics and Simulation (SMC 97) CY OCT 12-15, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP IEEE Syst Man & Cybernet Soc AB An acoustic broadband correlogram, a two-dimensional display over time of the crosscorrelation of signals received by a two-sensor system, is often used to detect targets close to the sensor system. Often, the correlogram is cluttered by the strong interference generated by distant and yet strong sources. These strong interferers appear in the form of dark vertical and nearly-vertical lines in the broadband correlogram and hinder the detection of nearby targets. This paper presents an automatic target detection system for broadband acoustic correlograms designed to take into account the interference from strong sources. The system consists of three parts: (I) a pre-processing stage, (2) a Delay Curve Hough Transform (DCHT) and (3) an onion peeling process. The pre-processing stage consists of a morphological filter (the rolling are) and a linear histogram stretching process to improve the contrast of the morphologically filtered correlogram. The modified Hough Transform, based on the assumption that the target moves with constant velocity, is designed to detect delay curves in the broadband correlograms. Finally, the onion peeling process is an iterative process that sequentially removes the strongest detected delay curve from the correlogram and feeds the modified correlogram back to the Hough Transform to detect the next strongest delay curve. RP Shyu, HJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV INFORMAT TECHNOL,CODE 5582,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 1062-922X BN 0-7803-4054-X J9 IEEE SYS MAN CYBERN PY 1997 BP 4182 EP 4187 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BJ80Y UT WOS:A1997BJ80Y00729 ER PT S AU Hutchins, SG Kemple, WG Entin, EE Kleinman, DL AF Hutchins, SG Kemple, WG Entin, EE Kleinman, DL GP IEEE TI Measures of effectiveness under different command and control organizational architectures SO SMC '97 CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS - 1997 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS, VOLS 1-5: CONFERENCE THEME: COMPUTATIONAL CYBERNETICS AND SIMULATION SE IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNATICS, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Computational Cybernetics and Simulation (SMC 97) CY OCT 12-15, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP IEEE Syst Man & Cybernet Soc AB Today's military faces enormous pressure to downsize and restructure. In addition, operations-other-than-war, such as humanitarian assistance and peace-keeping, differ significantly from traditional combat missions. The unique characteristics of peace-keeping missions involve inherently more complex command arrangements. Moreover, the increased political sensitivity associated with these missions further exacerbates the stress on command and control (C2) arrangements. Thus, Joint and Coalition doctrine is more complex and reliant on the synchronized employment of combined arms. The process of organizing for Joint and Coalition operations must be driven by the disparate missions and the requisite tasks involved. Depending on the specific mission, the diverse range of future anticipated operations can require a wide variety of Service capabilities under a Joint Force Coalition. It follows that the C2 organization should be flexible in order to allow commanders to meet the many and diverse operations that are expected to continue to be undertaken. This paper reports on the use of measurement instruments developed for the initial experiment conducted under the Adaptive Architectures for Command and Control (A2C2) program. The goal of the A2C2 research effort is to provide insights based on exploring innovative thinking and empirical research on organizational design that can assist in positioning the Joint community to face the diverse challenges and dynamic changes that are projected for the future. RP Hutchins, SG (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,ACAD GRP C3,589 DYER RD,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 1062-922X BN 0-7803-4054-X J9 IEEE SYS MAN CYBERN PY 1997 BP 4342 EP 4347 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BJ80Y UT WOS:A1997BJ80Y00758 ER PT B AU Sidman, RR AF Sidman, RR GP SOC TECH COMMUN TI Using the internet/intranet to control documentation costs SO SOCIETY FOR TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION 44TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE, 1997 PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 44th Annual Conference of the Society-for-Technical-Communication CY MAY 11-14, 1997 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP Soc Tech Commun C1 USN,FLEET MAT SUPPORT OFF,MECHANICSBURG,PA 17055. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION PI ARLINGTON PA 901 N STUART ST, SUITE 904, ARLINGTON, VA 22203-1854 BN 0-914548-95-6 PY 1997 BP 392 EP 392 PG 1 WC Communication SC Communication GA BJ02T UT WOS:A1997BJ02T00165 ER PT J AU Wilhelm, K Lemaire, P Curdt, W Schuhle, U Marsch, E Poland, AI Jordan, SD Thomas, RJ Hassler, DM Huber, MCE Vial, JC Kuhne, M Siegmund, OHW Gabriel, A Timothy, JG Grewing, M Feldman, U Hollandt, J Brekke, P AF Wilhelm, K Lemaire, P Curdt, W Schuhle, U Marsch, E Poland, AI Jordan, SD Thomas, RJ Hassler, DM Huber, MCE Vial, JC Kuhne, M Siegmund, OHW Gabriel, A Timothy, JG Grewing, M Feldman, U Hollandt, J Brekke, P TI First results of the SUMER telescope and spectrometer on SOHO .1. Spectra and spectroradiometry SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR SPECTRUM; TRANSITION REGION; EXPLOSIVE EVENTS; LINES; SPECTROGRAPH; CHROMOSPHERE; CORONA; ATM; INSTRUMENTS; ATMOSPHERE AB SUMER - the Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of the Emitted Radiation instrument on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) - observed its first light on January 24, 1996, and subsequently obtained a detailed spectrum with detector B in the wavelength range from 660 to 1490 Angstrom (in first order) inside and above the limb in the north polar coronal hole. Using detector A of the instrument, this range was later extended to 1610 Angstrom. The second-order spectra of detectors A and B cover 330 to 805 Angstrom and are superimposed on the first-order spectra. Many more features and areas of the Sun and their spectra have been observed since, including coronal holes, polar plumes and active regions. The atoms and ions emitting this radiation exist at temperatures below 2 x 10(6) K and are thus ideally suited to investigate the solar transition region where the temperature increases from chromospheric to coronal values. SUMER can also be: operated in a manner such that it makes Images or spectroheliograms of different sizes in selected spectral lines. A detailed line profile with spectral resolution elements between 22 and 45 m Angstrom is produced for each line at each spatial location along the slit. From the line width, intensity and wavelength position we are able to deduce temperature, density, and velocity of the emitting atoms and ions for each emission line and spatial element in the spectroheliogram. Because of the high spectral resolution and low noise of SUMER, we have been able to detect faint lines not previously observed and, in addition, to determine their spectral profiles. SUMER has already recorded over 2000 extreme ultraviolet emission lines and many identifications have been made on the disk and in the corona. C1 UNIV PARIS 11, INST ASTROPHYS SPATIALE, CNRS, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA. NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES, HIGH ALTITUDE OBSERV, BOULDER, CO 80307 USA. EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY, ESTEC, DEPT SPACE SCI, NL-2200 AG NOORDWIJK, NETHERLANDS. PHYS TECH BUNDESANSTALT, D-10587 BERLIN, GERMANY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, SPACE SCI LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV NEW BRUNSWICK, FREDERICTON, NB E3B 5A3, CANADA. INST ASTRON, D-72076 TUBINGEN, GERMANY. USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. UNIV OSLO, INST THEORET ASTROPHYS, N-0315 OSLO, NORWAY. RP Wilhelm, K (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST AERON, D-37189 KATLENBURG DUHM, GERMANY. RI Hollandt, Jorg/A-2124-2014 NR 59 TC 292 Z9 293 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 170 IS 1 BP 75 EP 104 DI 10.1023/A:1004923511980 PG 30 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WP474 UT WOS:A1997WP47400005 ER PT S AU Keffer, DJ Streitz, FH Mintmire, JW AF Keffer, DJ Streitz, FH Mintmire, JW BE Davies, PK Jacobson, AJ Torardi, CC Vanderah, TA TI Atomic-scale simulations of structural properties of ceramics SO SOLID-STATE CHEMISTRY OF INORGANIC MATERIALS SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Solid-State Chemistry of Inorganic Materials CY DEC 02-05, 1996 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc, Natl Sci Fdn, Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, DuPont Co, Exxon Res & Engn Co AB We have recently developed a novel computational method for molecular dynamics simulations of metal oxide ceramics. This approach explicitly includes variable charge transfer between anions and cations. This method has been used to model the structural properties of bulk and surface alumina and aluminum systems including tensile failure of the bulk systems, as well as to model the rupture under tensile stress of an interface between a (0001) face of alpha-alumina and a (111) face of aluminum. We have applied this method to perform atomic-scale simulations of nanoindentation of ceramic and model rigid tips onto metal and ceramic substrates. RP Keffer, DJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6179,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Keffer, David/C-5133-2014; OI Keffer, David/0000-0002-6246-0286; Mintmire, John/0000-0002-6551-0349 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-357-6 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1997 VL 453 BP 209 EP 214 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BH92W UT WOS:A1997BH92W00030 ER PT J AU Rao, MV Stacey, W Dietrich, HB AF Rao, MV Stacey, W Dietrich, HB TI Characteristics of fully implanted GaAs vertical PIN diodes SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID INP AB In this paper we present results on GaAs vertical PIN diodes for which the active device layers were created entirely by ion implantation into undoped semi-insulating substrates. The I region was similar to 2 mu m thick. The n(+) layer was made with multiple MeV energy co-implants of Si and S at 200 degrees C and the shallow p(+) layer by keV energy co-implants of Be and P. The implants were rapidly thermally annealed. Circular PIN diodes with a 35 mu m diameter were made. The unpassivated diodes exhibited an ideality factor of 1.8, a reverse breakdown voltage of -56 V, and a reverse leakage current of 1 mu A at -20 V bias. The off-state capacitance of the diodes is similar to 66 fF and the on-state resistance (R(on)) of the diodes at a forward current of 10 mA and a frequency of 10 GHz is 1.6 Omega. Most of the R(on) at high currents is attributed to the parasitic resistance of the contact regions. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 RAYTHEON CO, DIV RES, LEXINGTON, MA 02173 USA. USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. GEORGE MASON UNIV, DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN, FAIRFAX, VA 22030 USA. RP SFA INC, LANDOVER, MD 20789 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 EI 1879-2405 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 41 IS 1 BP 47 EP 50 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(96)00128-1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA WD209 UT WOS:A1997WD20900008 ER PT B AU Scheps, R AF Scheps, R BE Scheps, R TI Considerations for long-pulse solid state dye laser operation SO SOLID STATE LASERS VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Solid State Lasers VI Conference CY FEB 10-11, 1997 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE dye laser; laser diodes; solid state dye laser; diode-pumping AB Considerations for long-pulse operation of solid state dye lasers are discussed. The goal is to develop an all solid state dye laser which can be pumped directly with laser diodes. Experimental attempts to achieve long pulse operation will be described for rhodamine 700 dye in two different solid state hosts. Criteria for solid state dye host materials will also be presented. RP Scheps, R (reprint author), USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,CODE D754,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2397-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2986 BP 176 EP 179 DI 10.1117/12.269992 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA BH52E UT WOS:A1997BH52E00021 ER PT J AU Clark, DR Lahren, KM AF Clark, DR Lahren, KM TI Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY-FAILURE; FACE-MASK; MECHANICAL VENTILATION; NASAL MASK; ACUTE EXACERBATIONS; AIRWAY PRESSURE; SEVERE ASTHMA; DISEASE; TRIAL AB Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) has been used in treatment of a variety of clinical conditions, including acute respiratory failure (ARF) due to status asthmaticus, We present the case of a patient admitted with acute exacerbation of asthma who had ARF and required mechanical ventilation, After extubation, he had respiratory distress and was successfully treated with NPPV, NPPV was continued for approximately 24 hours, with clinical improvement and avoidance of reintubation. Despite the benefits of NPPV tie, improved patient comfort, reduced need for sedation, and avoidance of complications associated with mechanical ventilation), it has not been widely used, Understanding the clinical indications for and limitations of NPPV allows successful use of this noninvasive method of mechanical ventilation. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,PORTSMOUTH,VA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 90 IS 1 BP 72 EP 74 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WD324 UT WOS:A1997WD32400017 PM 9003830 ER PT J AU Riedler, W Torkar, K Rudenauer, F Fehringer, M Pedersen, A Schmidt, R Grard, RJL Arends, H Narheim, BT Troim, J Torbert, R Olsen, RC Whipple, E Goldstein, R Valavanoglou, N Zhao, H AF Riedler, W Torkar, K Rudenauer, F Fehringer, M Pedersen, A Schmidt, R Grard, RJL Arends, H Narheim, BT Troim, J Torbert, R Olsen, RC Whipple, E Goldstein, R Valavanoglou, N Zhao, H TI Active spacecraft potential control SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Article ID METAL ION-SOURCE; PLASMA; PHOTOEMISSION; INSTABILITY; CYCLOTRON; EMISSION; DENSITY AB Charging of the outer surface or of the entire structure of a spacecraft in orbit can have a severe impact on the scientific output of the instruments. Typical floating potentials for magnetospheric satellites (from +1 to several tens of volts in sunlight) make it practically impossible to measure the cold (several eV) component of the ambient plasma. Effects of spacecraft charging are reduced by an entirely conductive surface of the spacecraft and by active charge neutralisation, which in the case of Cluster only deals with a positive potential. The Cluster spacecraft are instrumented with ion emitters of the liquid-metal ion-source type, which will produce indium ions at 5 to 8 keV energy. The operating principle is field evaporation of indium in the apex field of a needle. The advantages are low power consumption, compactness and high mass efficiency. The ion current will be adjusted in a feedback loop with instruments measuring the spacecraft potential (EFW and PEACE). A stand alone mode is also foreseen as a back-up. The design and principles of the operation of the active spacecraft potential control instrument (ASPOC) are presented in detail. Flight experience with a similar instrument on the Geotail spacecraft is outlined. C1 OSTERREICH FORSCHUNGSZENT SEIBERSDORF GMBH,A-2444 SEIBERSDORF,AUSTRIA. EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY,EUROPEAN SPACE RES & TECHNOL CTR,DEPT SPACE SCI,NL-2200 AG NOORDWIJK,NETHERLANDS. FORSVARETS FORSKNINGINST,N-2007 KJELLER,NORWAY. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE,DURHAM,NH 03824. USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93943. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA 91109. GRAZ TECH UNIV,A-8010 GRAZ,AUSTRIA. CHINESE ACAD SCI,CTR SPACE SCI & APPL RES,BEIJING 100080,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP Riedler, W (reprint author), AUSTRIAN ACAD SCI,INST WELTRAUMFORSCH,INFFELDGASSE 12,A-8010 GRAZ,AUSTRIA. RI Olsen, Richard/O-2699-2015 OI Olsen, Richard/0000-0002-8344-9297 NR 38 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 3 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-6308 J9 SPACE SCI REV JI Space Sci. Rev. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 79 IS 1-2 BP 271 EP 302 DI 10.1023/A:1004921614592 PG 32 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WN946 UT WOS:A1997WN94600013 ER PT S AU Whalen, BP Brown, MA AF Whalen, BP Brown, MA BE ElGenk, MS TI Naval research laboratory advanced solar panel concentrator experiment (ASPaCE) SO SPACE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL FORUM, PTS 1-3: 1ST CONFERENCE ON FUTURE SCIENCE & EARTH SCIENCE MISSIONS; 1ST CONFERENCE ON SYNERGISTIC POWER & PROPULSION SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY; 1ST CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF THERMOPHYSICS IN MICROGRAVITY; 2ND CONFERENCE ON COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF SPACE; - 2ND CONFERENCE ON NEXT GENERATION LAUNCH SYSTEMS; 14TH SYMPOSIUM ON SPACE NUCLEAR POWER AND PROPULSION SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Space Technology and Applications International Forum (STAIF-97) CY JAN 26-30, 1997 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Def Special Weapons Agcy, NASA, UN DOE, USAF AB An effort to develop a lightweight, high power solar array at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has produced a trough solar concentrator of novel design. The NRL design utilizes two thin film reflectors, supported and tensioned by catenary wires, to increase the power output of a fold-out solar panel array. A novel reflector stowage design allows the reflectors to be wider than the solar cell panel to produce geometric concentration ratios approaching the theoretical limit of 3 to 1. Another advantage of the NRL design is that the outer solar panel is exposed to allow energy collection while the array is stowed. A proof of concept model has been developed and tested successfully for stowage and deployment mechanism integrity. Research and analysis is ongoing for a large-scale concentrator, and a specific power of greater than 100 W/Kg is projected. RP Whalen, BP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,ALLIED SIGNAL TECH SERV CORP,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-679-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1997 IS 387 BP 423 EP 426 DI 10.1063/1.52025 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BH56D UT WOS:A1997BH56D00064 ER PT S AU Nazeri, A Kim, J AF Nazeri, A Kim, J BE ElGenk, MS TI Wick materials by sol-gel processing SO SPACE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL FORUM, PTS 1-3: 1ST CONFERENCE ON FUTURE SCIENCE & EARTH SCIENCE MISSIONS; 1ST CONFERENCE ON SYNERGISTIC POWER & PROPULSION SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY; 1ST CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF THERMOPHYSICS IN MICROGRAVITY; 2ND CONFERENCE ON COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF SPACE; - 2ND CONFERENCE ON NEXT GENERATION LAUNCH SYSTEMS; 14TH SYMPOSIUM ON SPACE NUCLEAR POWER AND PROPULSION SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Space Technology and Applications International Forum (STAIF-97) CY JAN 26-30, 1997 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Def Special Weapons Agcy, NASA, UN DOE, USAF AB In capillary pumped loops (CPL) devices, the fine porous wick, located in the evaporator, provides the means for passively pumping the fluid through the system, using surface tension forces exerted onto a liquid in a small diameter pore at the liquid/vapor interface. The Naval Research Laboratory's Materials Science and technology Division and Naval Center for Space Technology have been investigating the use of sol-gel processing for development of organically modified ceramic wicks with micron or submicron pores, high porosity, low thermal conductivity and structural flexibility. Gels with average pore sizes as small as 0.5 mu m, 30-80% continuous porosity, some flexibility and thermal stability to at least 473K were successfully prepared. Microstructures of these hybrids were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and some conventional wick property testing were performed. RP Nazeri, A (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6312 & CODE 8221,4555 OVERLOOK AVE,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-679-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1997 IS 387 BP 601 EP 605 DI 10.1063/1.52053 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BH56D UT WOS:A1997BH56D00093 ER PT S AU Kim, JH Cheung, K Haught, E Kroliczeck, EJ Butler, D Ku, JT Cullimore, B Baumann, J AF Kim, JH Cheung, K Haught, E Kroliczeck, EJ Butler, D Ku, JT Cullimore, B Baumann, J BE ElGenk, MS TI The capillary pumped loop III (CAPL III) flight demonstration description and status SO SPACE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL FORUM, PTS 1-3: 1ST CONFERENCE ON FUTURE SCIENCE & EARTH SCIENCE MISSIONS; 1ST CONFERENCE ON SYNERGISTIC POWER & PROPULSION SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY; 1ST CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF THERMOPHYSICS IN MICROGRAVITY; 2ND CONFERENCE ON COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF SPACE; - 2ND CONFERENCE ON NEXT GENERATION LAUNCH SYSTEMS; 14TH SYMPOSIUM ON SPACE NUCLEAR POWER AND PROPULSION SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Space Technology and Applications International Forum (STAIF-97) CY JAN 26-30, 1997 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Def Special Weapons Agcy, NASA, UN DOE, USAF AB To realize the full benefits of capillary pump loop (CPL) devices, for use in spacecraft thermal control subsystems, a reliable, load sharing, multiple evaporator system must be developed and successfully demonstrated in space. The Capillary Pumped Loop Flight Experiment 3 (CAPL III) will be the second attempt to flight demonstrate a multiple evaporator CPL in space environment. Using the lessons learned from CAPL I, which was flown aboard STS-60 in February 1994, new hardware and concepts are being developed for CAPL III to enable load sharing between evaporators, reliable system start-up / re-start, and reliable continuous operation. Started in May 1996, CAPL III is primarily a joint venture between the Naval Research Laboratory and the NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center, with Swales and Associates, Inc. as an industry partner. The program is scheduled to meet an STS flight opportunity in mid-1998. This paper will present the requirements and the preliminary design description of the CAPL III CPL system. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), USN,CTR SPACE TECHNOL,RES LAB,CODE 8221,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-679-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1997 IS 387 BP 623 EP 628 DI 10.1063/1.52055 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BH56D UT WOS:A1997BH56D00096 ER PT S AU Binning, PW AF Binning, PW BE Howell, KC Cicci, DA Cochran, JE Kelso, TS TI Satellite orbit determination using GPS pseudoranges under SA SO SPACEFLIGHT MECHANICS 1997, PTS 1 AND 2 SE ADVANCES IN THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAS/AIAA Space Flight Mechanics Conference CY FEB 10-12, 1997 CL HUNTSVILLE, AL SP Amer Astronaut Soc, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut AB Analysis has been conducted on satellite state estimate accuracies which might be attainable in real time and in a post processing environment using measurements from the Global Positioning System. It is assumed that both frequencies are available to the receiver although the measurements are corrupted by Selective Availability (SA). An extended Kalman filter and backwards smoother are applied to the pseudoranges to determine the satellite state estimate. The broadcast navigation parameters are used to determine the real time accuracies while the National Imagery and Mapping Agency's (NIMA) GPS estimates are used for the post processing environment. Actual data from the TOPEX satellite is analyzed and the results are compared against the JPL Precision Orbit Ephemeris (POE). RP Binning, PW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,ASTRODYNAM & SPACE APPLICAT OFF,CODE 8103,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIVELT INC PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 SN 0065-3438 BN 0-87703-432-X J9 ADV ASTRONAUT SCI PY 1997 VL 95 BP 183 EP 193 PN 1&2 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BJ27M UT WOS:A1997BJ27M00011 ER PT S AU Ross, IM Park, SY AF Ross, IM Park, SY BE Howell, KC Cicci, DA Cochran, JE Kelso, TS TI Some necessary conditions for the optimality of synergetic maneuvers SO SPACEFLIGHT MECHANICS 1997, PTS 1 AND 2 SE ADVANCES IN THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAS/AIAA Space Flight Mechanics Conference CY FEB 10-12, 1997 CL HUNTSVILLE, AL SP Amer Astronaut Soc, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut AB Necessary conditions for the optimality of heating-rate constrained synergetic maneuvers are derived in this paper. Only the nonsingular (regular) problem is considered in some detail. The necessary conditions lead to the class of extremals that belong either to the exterior are or the boundary are. The junction conditions determine how these class of extremals may be joined. All of these conditions are obtained by considering the D-form of the Lagrangian which is obtained by directly adjoining the constraints to the Hamiltonian. Our conditions show that a number of extremals hitherto not considered in the literature should be included in the construction of the switching structure. In addition, a number of new junction conditions are derived which may be used by numerical analysts to validate their codes. RP Ross, IM (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,MAIL CODE AA-RO,1 UNIV CIRCLE,MONTEREY,CA 93953, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIVELT INC PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 SN 0065-3438 BN 0-87703-432-X J9 ADV ASTRONAUT SCI PY 1997 VL 95 BP 569 EP 581 PN 1&2 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BJ27M UT WOS:A1997BJ27M00038 ER PT S AU Neta, B Vallado, D AF Neta, B Vallado, D BE Howell, KC Cicci, DA Cochran, JE Kelso, TS TI On satellite umbra/penumbra entry and exit positions SO SPACEFLIGHT MECHANICS 1997, PTS 1 AND 2 SE ADVANCES IN THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAS/AIAA Space Flight Mechanics Conference CY FEB 10-12, 1997 CL HUNTSVILLE, AL SP Amer Astronaut Soc, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut AB The problem of computing Earth satellite entry and exit positions through the Earth's umbra and penumbra, for satellites in elliptical orbits, is solved without the use of a quartic equation, A condition for existence of a solution is given, This problem is related to perturbation force result diation pressure. RP Neta, B (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MATH,CODE MA-ND,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIVELT INC PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 SN 0065-3438 BN 0-87703-432-X J9 ADV ASTRONAUT SCI PY 1997 VL 95 BP 715 EP 724 PN 1&2 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BJ27M UT WOS:A1997BJ27M00048 ER PT S AU Shaw, JK Baronavski, AP Ladouceur, HD AF Shaw, JK Baronavski, AP Ladouceur, HD BE Hinton, D Schaefer, PW TI Applications of the walker method SO SPECTRAL THEORY AND COMPUTATIONAL METHODS OF STURM-LIOUVILLE PROBLEMS SE LECTURE NOTES IN PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Spectral Theory and Computational Methods of Sturm-Liouville Problems CY 1996 CL UNIV TENNESSEE, KNOXVILLE, TN HO UNIV TENNESSEE RP Shaw, JK (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6110,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0075-8469 BN 0-8247-0030-9 J9 LECT NOTES PURE APPL PY 1997 VL 191 BP 377 EP 395 PG 19 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA BH74X UT WOS:A1997BH74X00015 ER PT B AU Hertz, P AF Hertz, P BE Babu, GJ Feigelson, ED TI Statistical tests for changing periods in sparsely sampled data SO STATISTICAL CHALLENGES IN MODERN ASTRONOMY II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Statistical Challenges in Modern Astronomy II Conference (SCMA II) CY JUN, 1996 CL PENN STATE UNIV, UNIVERSITY PK, PA SP Int Astron Union, Int Stat Inst, Inst Math Stat HO PENN STATE UNIV RP Hertz, P (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV SPACE SCI,CODE 7621,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 BN 0-387-98203-5 PY 1997 BP 391 EP 392 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BJ16X UT WOS:A1997BJ16X00023 ER PT B AU Cockayne, WR Darken, RP AF Cockayne, WR Darken, RP BE Fisher, SS Merritt, JO Bolas, MT TI The failings and future of VR SO STEREOSCOPIC DISPLAYS AND VIRTUAL REALITY SYSTEMS IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems IV CY FEB 11-14, 1997 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Soc Imaging Sci & Technol DE virtual reality; virtual environments; UCD; HCl; killer-app AB The field of VR has come to another crossroad in its development. The field has spent hundreds of man years and untold millions of dollars developing technology without an explicit guiding vision. The search for the next big thing will not be ended in the focus on technology. The field of VR must begin to focus on the user to define and refine its technology. RP Cockayne, WR (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT COMP SCI,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2423-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3012 BP 494 EP 497 DI 10.1117/12.274493 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Optics SC Computer Science; Optics GA BH98B UT WOS:A1997BH98B00057 ER PT S AU Hobbs, SL Sritharan, SS AF Hobbs, SL Sritharan, SS BE Goldstein, JA Gretsky, NE Uhl, JJ TI Nonlinear filtering theory for stochastic reaction-diffusion equations SO STOCHASTIC PROCESSES AND FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS, IN CELEBRATION OF M M RAO'S 65TH BIRTHDAY SE LECTURE NOTES IN PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference in Modern Analysis and Probability - Stochastic Processes and Functional Analysis, in Celebration of M M Raos 65th Birthday CY NOV 18-20, 1994 CL UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE, RIVERSIDE, CA SP Univ Calif Riverside, Coll Nat & Agr Sci, Univ Calif Riverside, Math Dept, Natl Sci Fdn HO UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE AB We examine the nonlinear filtering problem for the stochastic reaction-diffusion equation with additive noise. We derive the Zakai and Fujisaki-Kallianpur-Kunita filtering equations for the evolution of the un-normalized and normalized conditional expectation, and prove existence and uniqueness theorems for measure valued solutions. RP Hobbs, SL (reprint author), USN,CODE 784,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0075-8469 BN 0-8247-9801-5 J9 LECT NOTES PURE APPL PY 1997 VL 186 BP 219 EP 234 PG 16 WC Mathematics, Applied; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA BH04F UT WOS:A1997BH04F00019 ER PT S AU Ngai, KL Roland, CM AF Ngai, KL Roland, CM BE Angell, CA Ngai, KL Kieffer, J Egami, T Nienhaus, GU TI Fast dynamics in glass-formers: Relation to fragility and the Kohlrausch exponent SO STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF GLASSES AND GLASS FORMERS SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Structure and Dynamics of Glasses and Glass Formers CY DEC 02-06, 1996 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc AB From the Raman spectra and related inferences from low temperature specific heat data, Sokolov and coworkers have established that the ratio of the quasielastic and vibrational contributions at low temperatures (5 similar to 10K) up to T-g correlates well with the degree of fragility and beta of the glass-former. As pointed out by Sokolov (see his contribution in this Volume) such a correlation between the fast dynamics and structural alpha-relaxation at T-g (i.e., m and beta) is intriguing, since at and below T-g, the alpha-relaxation time tau(alpha) is more than twelve orders of magnitude longer than the quasielastic contribution and the boson peak. We show in this paper how the Coupling Model (CM) may provide an explanation for this correlation. RP Ngai, KL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 SN 0886-7860 BN 1-55899-359-2 J9 MAT RES S C PY 1997 VL 455 BP 81 EP 90 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BJ28C UT WOS:A1997BJ28C00007 ER PT S AU Ngai, KL Rizos, AK AF Ngai, KL Rizos, AK BE Angell, CA Ngai, KL Kieffer, J Egami, T Nienhaus, GU TI Possible causes of the change of dynamics in glass-forming materials subjected to reduced dimension SO STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF GLASSES AND GLASS FORMERS SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Structure and Dynamics of Glasses and Glass Formers CY DEC 02-06, 1996 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc AB There is currently many ongoing investigations of the change in the glass transition temperature when a material is reduced in dimension from the normal bulk state. Tile reduction in dimension can be accomplished by casting the material as thin films with or without a substrate or putting it in nanometer size pores. In this work, we explore possible causes of the change in dynamics of the bulk material when the glass-former is subjected to such modifications. The existence of a growing cooperative length scale L(T) with decreasing temperature in bulk fragile glass-forming liquids reaching the size of approximately 1.5-2.0 nm at the glass transition temperature is the basis of our consideration. When the reduced dimension is comparable to L(T-g), cooperative dynamics within a lengthscale equal to L(T-g) can no longer be maintained in all three dimensions throughout the sample. The imposed reduction of the cooperative length scale speeds up the dynamics and causes a reduction of the glass transition temperature. For polymeric glass-formers particularly at higher molecular weights, reduction of one dimension in thin films engenders orientation of the polymer chains when their radius of gyration becomes comparable to the film thickness. The latter is known to cause also a reduction of the glass transition temeperature. RP Ngai, KL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 SN 0886-7860 BN 1-55899-359-2 J9 MAT RES S C PY 1997 VL 455 BP 147 EP 150 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BJ28C UT WOS:A1997BJ28C00014 ER PT B AU MacKinnon, J AF MacKinnon, J GP NATL CONF STAND LAB TI Laboratory out year plan for electrical standards SO SUCCESS IN THE 21ST CENTURY DEPENDS ON MODERN METROLOGY, VOLS 1-2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National-Conference-of-Standards-Laboratories Workshop and Symposium on Success in the 21st Century Depends on Modern Metrology CY JUL 27-31, 1997 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Natl Conf Stand Lab AB This paper outlines the out year objectives for the electrical standards section of the Navy Primary Standards Laboratory electromagnetics areas. It describes how the laboratory must adjust to support future Navy measurement requirements during an era of continued downsizing, budget cuts and technology improvements. It is possible to provide increased customer service, improved measurement quality, and tighter uncertainties through proper use of increased automation, the world wide web, and the application of a quality system such as outlined in NAVLAP and the ANSI/NCSL Z540-1 documents. Measurement areas discussed will include DC/low frequency, Microwave, Electro-optics and Magnetics. C1 USN, Primary Stand Lab, San Diego, CA 92135 USA. RP MacKinnon, J (reprint author), USN, Primary Stand Lab, San Diego, CA 92135 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL CONFERENCE STANDARDS LAB PI BOULDER PA 1800 30TH STREET, SUITE 305B, BOULDER, CO 80301 USA PY 1997 BP 223 EP 229 PG 7 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BL34X UT WOS:000075219700023 ER PT B AU Ohlendorf, R AF Ohlendorf, R GP NATL CONF STAND LAB TI Schwien mercury manometer measurement audit correlation program SO SUCCESS IN THE 21ST CENTURY DEPENDS ON MODERN METROLOGY, VOLS 1-2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT National-Conference-of-Standards-Laboratories Workshop and Symposium on Success in the 21st Century Depends on Modern Metrology CY JUL 27-31, 1997 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Natl Conf Stand Lab AB Schwien mercury manometers are the primary low pressure standard in many calibration laboratories, including the Navy Primary Standards Laboratory (NPSL) in San Diego, CA. Currently, each Schwien manometer is calibrated by laboratory personnel, NPSL or Schwien Engineering Inc., Pomona, CA. Each manometer is individually calibrated according to manufacturers specifications and are not intercompared because of the lack of procedures and quality transfer standards. NPSL has developed and established a measurement audit/correlation program for Schwien manometers using a high quality absolute pressure transducer. This paper will present the audit/correlation findings and results from three Navy laboratory Schwien manometers and the master manometer of Schwien Engineering Inc. The benefit of this program would be to assure the manometers are directly traceable to and are in agreement with NPSL's manometer. This measurement audit/correlation program would result in a certification procedure that will reduce the manometers calibration costs. C1 USN, Navy Primary Stand Lab, Aviat Depot N Isl, San Diego, CA 92135 USA. RP Ohlendorf, R (reprint author), USN, Navy Primary Stand Lab, Aviat Depot N Isl, San Diego, CA 92135 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL CONFERENCE STANDARDS LAB PI BOULDER PA 1800 30TH STREET, SUITE 305B, BOULDER, CO 80301 USA PY 1997 BP 307 EP 320 PG 14 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BL34X UT WOS:000075219700033 ER PT S AU Delaboudiniere, JP Stern, RA Maucherat, A Portier-Fozzani, F Neupert, WM Gurman, JB Catura, RC Lemen, JR Shing, L Artzner, GE Brunaud, J Gabriel, AH Michels, DJ Moses, JD Au, B Dere, KP Howard, RA Kreplin, R Defise, JM Jamar, C Rochus, P Chauvineau, JP Marioge, JP Clette, F Cugnon, P Van Dessel, EL AF Delaboudiniere, JP Stern, RA Maucherat, A Portier-Fozzani, F Neupert, WM Gurman, JB Catura, RC Lemen, JR Shing, L Artzner, GE Brunaud, J Gabriel, AH Michels, DJ Moses, JD Au, B Dere, KP Howard, RA Kreplin, R Defise, JM Jamar, C Rochus, P Chauvineau, JP Marioge, JP Clette, F Cugnon, P Van Dessel, EL BE Antonucci, E Shea, MA TI Imaging the solar corona in the EUV SO SUN AND ITS ATMOSPHERE SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT E2.1 Symposium of COSPAR Scientific Commission E on the Sun and Its Atmosphere, at the 31st COSPAR Scientific Assembly CY JUL 14-SEP 21, 1996 CL BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND SP Comm Space Res, European Space Agcy, Inst Space & Astron Sci ID TELESCOPE AB The SOHO (SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory) satellite was launched on December 2nd 1995. After arriving at the Earth-Sun (L1) Lagrangian point on February 14th 1996, it began to continuously observe the Sun. As one of the instruments onboard SOHO, the EIT (Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope) images the Sun's corona in 4 EUV wavelengths, The Hell filter at 304 Angstrom images the chromosphere and the base of the transition region at a temperature of 5 - 8 x 10(4) K; the Fe IX-X filter at 171 Angstrom images the corona at a temperature of similar to 1.3 x 10(6) K; the Fe XII filter at 195 Angstrom images the quiet corona outside coronal holes at a temperature of similar to 1.6 x 10(6) K; and the Fe XV filter at 284 Angstrom images active regions with a temperature of similar to 2.0 x 10(6) K. About 5000 images have been obtained up to the present, In this paper, we describe also some aspects of the telescope and the detector performance for application in the observations, Images and movies of all the wavelengths allow a look at different phenomena present in the Sun's corona, and in particular, magnetic field reconnection. (C) 1997 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Paris 11, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, F-91405 Orsay, France. Astron Spatiale Lab, F-13376 Marseille 12, France. Lockheed Martin, Solar & Astrophys Lab, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20365 USA. Ctr Spatial Liege, Liege, Belgium. Inst Opt Theor & Appl, F-91403 Orsay, France. Observ Royal Belgique, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium. RP Delaboudiniere, JP (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, F-91405 Orsay, France. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD LANGFORD LANE KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 BN 0-08-043309-X J9 ADV SPACE RES PY 1997 VL 20 IS 12 BP 2231 EP 2237 DI 10.1016/S0273-1177(97)01049-1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BK38L UT WOS:000071955600003 ER PT S AU Ngai, KL Rendell, RW AF Ngai, KL Rendell, RW BE Fourkas, JT Kivelson, D Mohanty, U Nelson, KA TI Basic physics of the coupling model: Direct experimental evidences SO SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS: ADVANCES AND NOVEL APPLICATIONS SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Review CT Symposium on Supercooled Liquids - Advances and Novel Applications, at the 212th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 25-29, 1996 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Phys Chem ID GLASS TRANSFORMATION TEMPERATURE; CONDENSED MACROMOLECULAR SYSTEMS; ELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; NON-ARRHENIUS CONDUCTIVITY; FAST IONIC CONDUCTORS; COOPERATIVE RELAXATIONS; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; CORRELATED SYSTEMS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ALPHA-RELAXATION AB The fundamental results of the Coupling Model, i.e. crossover from independent relaxation at short-times to slowed down cooperative relaxation at a temperature independent time t(c), are represented by three equations. They are shown to be in accord with experimental data in molecular glass formers, glass-forming, glassy or crystalline ionic conductors, and concentrated colloidal suspensions. Emphasis is given in this work to the colloidal suspensions which have the advantage of the absence of vibrational contributions and the experimentally measured intermediate scattering function is attributed entirely to diffusion dynamics. Direct evidences of such crossover are demonstrated. These, together with the many successful applications of the predictions to several fields and many materials have led us to believe that the Coupling Model has captured the basic physics of relaxation in materials with many-body interactions. We mention in passing that the theoretical basis of the Coupling Model is closely related to chaos in Hamiltonian dynamical systems. RP USN, RES LAB, CODE 6807, 4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 75 TC 108 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3531-7 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1997 VL 676 BP 45 EP 66 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA BJ91B UT WOS:A1997BJ91B00004 ER PT J AU Zhang, WE Wang, FC Yang, CH Yang, MJ AF Zhang, WE Wang, FC Yang, CH Yang, MJ TI The ultimate scaling limit of semiconductor-based transistors SO SUPERLATTICES AND MICROSTRUCTURES LA English DT Article AB Scaling of conventional MOSFETs is expected to reach a fundamental limit when the effective channel length is less than similar to 100 nm. Beyond this limit, MOSFETs will cease to be a three-terminal amplifier because of the short channel effects. In this paper, we report two new quantum transistors: one is silicon-based and the other InAs quantum-well based, and both are expected to work at room temperature. The silicon-based transistor is similar to a conventional MOSFET, but now the source and the drain are replaced by shallow silicides. Using a quantum tunneling MOSFET with 10 nm channel length as an example, numerical simulation in two dimensions shows that this new MOSFET has three-terminal transistor behavior with gain and impedance isolation. We have also investigated another transistor structure using an InAs quantum well and AlSb barriers. Using the unique surface Fermi level pinning characteristics of the InAs/AlSb heterojunction system, we have realized a FET with 35 nm channel length and demonstrated the possibility of further scaling the lateral dimension of transistors in the nanometre regime. (C) 1997 Academic Press Limited. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zhang, WE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0749-6036 J9 SUPERLATTICE MICROST JI Superlattices Microstruct. PY 1997 VL 22 IS 3 BP 417 EP 420 DI 10.1006/spmi.1996.0241 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YQ169 UT WOS:000071355800021 ER PT J AU Wagner, RJ Shanabrook, BV Yang, MJ Waterman, JR AF Wagner, RJ Shanabrook, BV Yang, MJ Waterman, JR TI Electron-hole hybridizing in InAs single quantum wells clad with GaSb SO SUPERLATTICES AND MICROSTRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE GaSb/ImAs heterostructures ID CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE; SUPERLATTICES AB Far infrared magneto-optical measurements have been performed on a series of InAs single quantum wells (11-30 nm) clad with thick GaSb layers where either GaAs-like or InSb-like bonds are formed at the heterointerfaces. The rich absorption spectra are found to have both 'interband' and 'intraband' (electron and hole cyclotron resonance) characteristics. From these results, the k = 0 subband energy gap has been determined and electron and hole effective masses estimated as functions of interface bond type and InAs well width. The electron-hole hybridization has subtle effects on the data and suggests a small hybridized energy. (C) 1997 Academic Press Limited RP Wagner, RJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0749-6036 J9 SUPERLATTICE MICROST JI Superlattices Microstruct. PY 1997 VL 21 IS 1 BP 95 EP 99 DI 10.1006/spmi.1996.0176 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WF193 UT WOS:A1997WF19300014 ER PT J AU Bennett, BR Shanabrook, BV Glaser, ER Magno, R Twigg, ME AF Bennett, BR Shanabrook, BV Glaser, ER Magno, R Twigg, ME TI Composition and strain of self-assembled (In,Ga,Al)Sb/(Ga,Al)As quantum dots SO SUPERLATTICES AND MICROSTRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE quantum dots; Raman spectroscopy; photoluminescence; InSb; GaSb; AlSb ID BEAM EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; ISLANDS; RECONSTRUCTION; GAAS(100) AB Quantum dots of InSb, GaSb, and AlSb were grown on GaAs by molecular beam epitaxy and characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), photoluminescence, and Raman spectroscopy. AFM measurements reveal that InSb morphology can be a function of the initial GaAs surface reconstruction. Photoluminescence measurements demonstrate that strain and confinement effects result in a type-II band alignment for InSb quantum dots, with electrons in the GaAs and holes in the InSb. Raman spectra reveal phonon modes from quantum dots of GaSb, AlSb, and InSb, and indicate the segregation of Ga into AlSb. (C) 1997 Academic Press Limited RP Bennett, BR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008 OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213 NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0749-6036 J9 SUPERLATTICE MICROST JI Superlattices Microstruct. PY 1997 VL 21 IS 2 BP 267 EP 272 DI 10.1006/spmi.1996.0195 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WE335 UT WOS:A1997WE33500016 ER PT S AU McNelley, TR McMahon, ME AF McNelley, TR McMahon, ME BE Chokshi, AH TI Application of EBSP methods to analyze continuous grain refinement processes in SUPRAL 2004 SO SUPERPLASTICITY IN ADVANCED MATERIALS - ICSAM-97 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1997 International Conference on Superplasticity in Advanced Materials (ICSAM-97) CY JAN 29-31, 1997 CL INDIAN INST SCI, BANGALORE, INDIA SP Indian Inst Sci, Dept Met, Jawaharlal Nehru Ctr Adv Sci Res, Dept Sci & Technol, India, Aeronaut Res & Dev Board, India, All India Council Tech Educ, Board Res Nucl Sci, India, Inst Mech & Mat, US HO INDIAN INST SCI ID FCC METALS; ALUMINUM; RECRYSTALLIZATION; SIMULATION; BOUNDARIES; TEXTURES AB Electron back-scatter pattern (EBSP) analysis of as-processed, processed and annealed, and superplastically deformed specimens of commercially processed SUPRAL, 2004 material has been employed to reveal the boundary misorientation distribution and evolution. Earlier studies utilizing Xray diffraction and TEM on this alloy have attributed the transition to microstructures capable of supporting extensive superplastic now to continuous recrystallization occurring early in the deformation process. The micro- and mesotextural data of the present study show that the deformation texture evident in the as-processed material persists without the formation of recrystallization texture components and remains up to the apparent onset of the grain boundary sliding regime. There is no evidence of the recrystallization involving the formation and migration of high-angle boundaries during the refinement process. Microtextural and boundary data from this study provide evidence that the microstructural transition enabling superplastic mechanical behavior of SUPRAL 2004 may be described by a recovery-dominated, continuous process involving the development of moderately misoriented boundaries and leading to a refined microstructure with a boundary distribution of low interfacial energy character. RP McNelley, TR (reprint author), USN, POSTGRAD SCH, DEPT MECH ENGN, 700 DYER RD, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI STAFA-ZURICH PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 0-87849-759-5 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 1997 VL 243-2 BP 527 EP 536 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BH33Y UT WOS:A1997BH33Y00077 ER PT B AU Nelson, HH McDonald, JR Robertson, R AF Nelson, HH McDonald, JR Robertson, R BE Bell, RS TI Multi-sensor ordnance signatures for algorithm development and model training SO SYMPOSIUM ON THE APPLICATION OF GEOPHYSICS TO ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS, VOLS 1 & 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP) CY MAR 23-26, 1997 CL JOHN ASCUAGAS NUGGET HOTEL, RENO, NV SP Environm & Engn Geophys Soc, ABEM Instrument AB, COLOG Inc, Geonics Ltd, Geophys Survey Syst Inc, Mt Sporis Instruments HO JOHN ASCUAGAS NUGGET HOTEL AB The Naval Research Laboratory is developing a Multi-Sensor Towed Array Detection System, MTADS, for ordnance detection and site characterization. One component of this task is construction and validation of algorithms for target characterization and location for use in the data analysis system. In support of this task, we have collected an extensive set of ordnance signatures using total field magnetometers, total field magnetometers deployed as vertical gradiometers and specially modified Geonics EM-61 pulsed induction sensors. The ordnance items characterized range from Mk 42 submunitions to Mk 82, 500 lb bombs at depths ranging from the surface to 20 ft. Where appropriate, signatures are recorded as a function of azimuth and inclination. We discuss the details of the sensor systems and the data collection methodologies. Typical signatures are presented and compared to simple models. We anticipate that this data set will become one of the standards for passive and active sensor algorithm development and training in the ordnance detection community. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Nelson, HH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6110, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI WHEAT RIDGE PA 10200 W 44TH AVE #304, WHEAT RIDGE, CO 80033 USA PY 1997 BP 863 EP 869 DI 10.4133/1.2922466 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Environmental Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BK73B UT WOS:000073241900089 ER PT J AU Kwon, AH Conklin, JA Makhinson, M Kaner, RB AF Kwon, AH Conklin, JA Makhinson, M Kaner, RB TI Chemical synthesis and characterization of fluoro-substituted polyanilines SO SYNTHETIC METALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on the Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals CY JUL 28-AUG 02, 1996 CL SNOWBIRD, UT SP Univ Utah, Elsevier Sci SA, Los Alamos Nat Lab, Monsanto, Off Naval Res, US Dept Energy, Bayer Corp, Taiwan United Microelec Corp, Uniax DE polyaniline and derivatives; infrared spectroscopy; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; UV-VIS absorption ID POLYMER AB Polyfluoroanilines can be synthesized chemically from fluorine-substituted aniline monomers by an acid assisted persulfate initiated polymerization route typically used for polyaniline synthesis. Successful polymerizations of 2 and 3-fluoroanilines have been accomplished. Typical polymer yields are between 3-7% by weight. In contrast, poly(4-fluoroaniline) undergoes dehalogenation during polymerization, where the fluorine is displaced allowing for the more favorable head-to-tail polymerization of aniline. Characterizations of the polymer products have been carried out using UV-VIS, FT-IR, and NMR spectroscopies, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and relative solubilities of the polyfluoroaniline powders determined in various organic solvents. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR SOLID STATE SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. USN,RES LAB,SURFACE MODIFICAT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Kwon, AH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,405 HILGARD AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. NR 11 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0379-6779 J9 SYNTHETIC MET JI Synth. Met. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 84 IS 1-3 BP 95 EP 96 DI 10.1016/S0379-6779(96)03853-2 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA WW431 UT WOS:A1997WW43100029 ER PT J AU Wynne, KJ Lindsay, GA StengerSmith, JD Chafin, AP Hollins, RA Roberts, MJ Merwin, LH Herman, WN AF Wynne, KJ Lindsay, GA StengerSmith, JD Chafin, AP Hollins, RA Roberts, MJ Merwin, LH Herman, WN TI Accordion polymers for nonlinear optical applications SO SYNTHETIC METALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on the Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals CY JUL 28-AUG 02, 1996 CL SNOWBIRD, UT SP Univ Utah, Elsevier Sci SA, Los Alamos Nat Lab, Monsanto, Off Naval Res, US Dept Energy, Bayer Corp, Taiwan United Microelec Corp, Uniax DE accordion polymers; nonlinear optical properties; Langmuir-Blodgett processing ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION AB The design and synthesis of mainchain chromophore polymers in a syndioregic (head-to-head) configuration is described. Polymers were designed for both electric-field poling and Langmuir-Blodgett-Kuhn (LBK) deposition. LBK deposition gives intrinsically polar films (no E-field poling) as evidenced by nonlinear optical (chi((2))) properties. C1 NAWCWPNS,CHEM & MAT BRANCH,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. NAWCAD,AVION BRANCH,WARMINSTER,PA 18974. RP Wynne, KJ (reprint author), OFF NAVAL RES,PHYS SCI S&T DIV 331,ARLINGTON,VA 22217, USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0379-6779 J9 SYNTHETIC MET JI Synth. Met. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 84 IS 1-3 BP 143 EP 146 DI 10.1016/S0379-6779(97)80685-6 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA WW431 UT WOS:A1997WW43100052 ER PT J AU Liess, M Lane, PA Vardeny, ZV Kafafi, ZH AF Liess, M Lane, PA Vardeny, ZV Kafafi, ZH TI Electro modulated photo induced absorption of C-60 doped MEH-PPV SO SYNTHETIC METALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on the Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals CY JUL 28-AUG 02, 1996 CL SNOWBIRD, UT SP Univ Utah, Elsevier Sci SA, Los Alamos Nat Lab, Monsanto, Off Naval Res, US Dept Energy, Bayer Corp, Taiwan United Microelec Corp, Uniax DE photoinduced absorption; electroabsorption; poly(phenylene vinylene); fullerene AB We have studied the field induced absorption (FIA) spectra of C-60 doped and undoped MEH-PPV films in the spectral range, (h) over bar omega(p), of 0.2 to 4 eV, with and without CW illumination with photon energy above the optical gap E-g. For (h) over bar omega(p) > E-g we measured the electroabsorption (EA) spectrum of the doped material with and without illumination and compared it with that of the undoped material. For (h) over bar omega(p) < E-g the dominant effect is the field induced modulation of the lifetime of the C-60:PPV charge transfer complexes. This novel technique reveals three absorption bands at 0.4, 1.18 and 1.65 eV, which we assigned to bound pairs of C-60(-):PPV+ complexes. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Liess, M (reprint author), UNIV UTAH,DEPT PHYS,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112, USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0379-6779 J9 SYNTHETIC MET JI Synth. Met. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 84 IS 1-3 BP 683 EP 684 DI 10.1016/S0379-6779(96)04108-2 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA WW431 UT WOS:A1997WW43100286 ER PT J AU Su, TM Ball, IJ Conklin, JA Huang, SC Larson, RK Nguyen, SL Lew, BM Kaner, RB AF Su, TM Ball, IJ Conklin, JA Huang, SC Larson, RK Nguyen, SL Lew, BM Kaner, RB TI Polyaniline/polyimide blends for pervaporation and gas separation studies SO SYNTHETIC METALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on the Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals CY JUL 28-AUG 02, 1996 CL SNOWBIRD, UT SP Univ Utah, Elsevier Sci SA, Los Alamos Nat Lab, Monsanto, Off Naval Res, US Dept Energy, Bayer Corp, Taiwan United Microelec Corp, Uniax DE polyaniline and derivatives; solid/gas interfaces; solid/liquid interfaces ID ACID; MEMBRANES; POLYMER AB Free-standing fully dense films have been successfully produced from drying blends of polyaniline and a polyamic acid precursor to polyimide. These blends exhibit an improved thermal stability relative to polyaniline. In gas permeability studies, a polyaniline/polyimide blend has a greater gas selectivity and shows an increase in permeability for all gases studied relative to polyimide. Pervaporation of water and water/acetic acid mixtures has been performed using these blends. The selectivity of the blends for water/acetic acid mixtures is considerably improved from that of undoped polyaniline and is comparable to that of HCl doped polyaniline. This is consistent with some of the polyamic acid acting as a ''polymeric'' dopant. The polymeric dopants also lead to lower fluxes for water/acetic acid relative to undoped polyaniline. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT BIOCHEM & CHEM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR SOLID STATE SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. USN,RES LAB,SURFACE MODIFICAT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Su, TM (reprint author), CITY COLL SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT CHEM,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94112, USA. NR 8 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0379-6779 J9 SYNTHETIC MET JI Synth. Met. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 84 IS 1-3 BP 801 EP 802 DI 10.1016/S0379-6779(96)04153-7 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA WW431 UT WOS:A1997WW43100331 ER PT S AU Ehrlich, AC Gillespie, DJ AF Ehrlich, AC Gillespie, DJ BE Tritt, TM Kanatzidis, MG Lyon, HB Maham, GD TI Experimental transport phenomena and optimization strategies for thermoelectrics SO THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS - NEW DIRECTIONS AND APPROACHES SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Thermoelectric Materials - New Directions and Approaches CY MAR 31-APR 03, 1997 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Mat Res Soc, USN, Off Naval Res, USA, Res Off, DARPA, USN, Naval Res Lab AB When a new and promising thermoelectric material is discovered, an effort is undertaken to improve its ''figure of merit''. If the effort is to be more efficient than one of trial and error with perhaps some ''rule of thumb guidance'' then it is important to be able to make the connection between experimental data and the underlying material characteristics, electronic and phononic, that influence the figure of merit. Transport and fermiology experimental data can be used to evaluate these material characteristics and thus establish trends as a function of some controllable parameter, such as composition. In this paper some of the generic-materials characteristics, generally believed to be required for a high figure of merit, will be discussed in terms of the experimental approach to their evaluation and optimization. Transport and fermiology experiments will be emphasized and both will be outlined in what they can reveal and what can be obscured by the simplifying assumptions generally used in their interpretation. RP Ehrlich, AC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6341,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-382-7 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1997 VL 478 BP 37 EP 45 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BJ57R UT WOS:A1997BJ57R00004 ER PT S AU Reinecke, TL Broido, DA AF Reinecke, TL Broido, DA BE Tritt, TM Kanatzidis, MG Lyon, HB Maham, GD TI Thermoelectric transport in superlattices SO THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS - NEW DIRECTIONS AND APPROACHES SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Thermoelectric Materials - New Directions and Approaches CY MAR 31-APR 03, 1997 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Mat Res Soc, USN, Off Naval Res, USA, Res Off, DARPA, USN, Naval Res Lab AB The thermoelectric transport properties of superlattices have been studied using an exact solution of the Boltzmann equation. The role of heat transport along the barrier layers, of carrier tunneling through the barriers, of valley degeneracy and of the well width and energy dependences of the carrier-phonon scattering rates on the thermoelectric figure of merit are given. Calculations are given for Bi2Te3 and for PbTe, and the results of recent experiments are discussed. RP Reinecke, TL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-382-7 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1997 VL 478 BP 161 EP 167 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BJ57R UT WOS:A1997BJ57R00021 ER PT S AU Singh, DJ Mazin, II Kim, SG Nordstrom, L AF Singh, DJ Mazin, II Kim, SG Nordstrom, L BE Tritt, TM Kanatzidis, MG Lyon, HB Maham, GD TI Computational studies of novel thermoelectric materials SO THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS - NEW DIRECTIONS AND APPROACHES SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Thermoelectric Materials - New Directions and Approaches CY MAR 31-APR 03, 1997 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Mat Res Soc, USN, Off Naval Res, USA, Res Off, DARPA, USN, Naval Res Lab AB The thermoelectric properties of La-filled skutterudites and beta-Zn4Sb3 are discussed from the point of view of their electronic structures. These are calculated from first principles within the local density approximation. The electronic structures are in turn used determine transport related quantities. beta-Zn4Sb3 is found to be metallic with a complex Fermi surface topology, which yields a non-trivial dependence of the Hall concentration on the band filling. Calculations of the variation with band filling are used to extract the carrier concentration from the experimental Hall number. At this band filling, which corresponds to 0.1 electrons per 22 atom unit cell, we calculate a Seebeck coefficient and temperature dependence in good agreement with the experimental value. The high Seebeck coefficients in a metallic material are remarkable, and arise because of the strong energy dependence of the Fermiology near the experimental band filling. Virtual crystal calculations for La(Fe,Co)(4)Sb-12 show that the system obeys almost perfect rigid band behavior with varying Co concentration, and has a substantial band gap at a position corresponding to the composition LaFe3CoSb12. The valence band maximum occurs at the Gamma point and is due to a singly degenerate dispersive (Fe,Co)-Sb band, which by itself would not be favorable for TE. However, very flat transition metal derived bands occur in close proximity and become active as the doping level is increased, giving a non-trivial dependence of the properties on carrier concentration and explaining the favorable TE properties. RP Singh, DJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6691,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Mazin, Igor/B-6576-2008; Singh, David/I-2416-2012 NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-382-7 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1997 VL 478 BP 187 EP 198 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BJ57R UT WOS:A1997BJ57R00024 ER PT S AU Corcoran, SG Colton, RJ Lilleodden, ET Gerberich, WW AF Corcoran, SG Colton, RJ Lilleodden, ET Gerberich, WW BE Gerberich, WW Gao, HJ Sundgren, JE Baker, SP TI Nanoindentation studies of yield point phenomena on gold single crystals SO THIN FILMS: STRESSES AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES VI SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Thin Films - Stresses and Mechanical Properties VI, at the 1996 MRS Spring Meeting CY APR 08-12, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Mat Res Soc, Mat Test Syst Inc, Hysitron Inc, US DOE AB Nanoindentation studies often show an instantaneous displacement-excursion in the load-displacement curve. This anomaly is generally associated with a surface contamination effect, dislocation emission, a phase transition, or an oxide break-through event. The determination of which effect is operative is often difficult when investigating oxide covered surfaces. We have performed a detailed nanoindentation study on clean, flame annealed single-crystal Au thus eliminating the effects of a surface oxide or contamination layer. Multiple displacement excursions were observed exhibiting a new phenomenon of ''staircase'' yielding. Owing to the fact that our radius of contact is more than an order of magnitude smaller than the average dislocation spacing expected for well annealed Au, the excursions are explained in terms of multiple dislocation nucleation events on parallel slip bands. Indentation data were taken on Au (111), (110), and (100) single crystal surfaces. RP Corcoran, SG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6177,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-339-8 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1997 VL 436 BP 159 EP 164 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA BH29Z UT WOS:A1997BH29Z00025 ER PT B AU Schneidewind, NF AF Schneidewind, NF GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Standard for software reliability engineering SO THIRD IEEE INTERNATIONAL SOFTWARE ENGINEERING STANDARDS SYMPOSIUM AND FORUM (ISESS 97) - EMERGING INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd IEEE International Software Engineering Standards Symposium and Forum - Emerging International Standards (ISESS 97) / Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination Symposium CY JUN 01-06, 1997 CL WALNUT CREEK, CA SP IEEE Comp Soc, Tech Council Software Engn, IEEE Software Engn Stand Comm, Inst Elect Engineers, UK, Amer Soc Qual Control, Software Div, IEEE Canada, Appl Software Engn Ctr, Ctr Rech Informat Montreal RP Schneidewind, NF (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,CODE SMSS,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 BN 0-8186-7837-2 PY 1997 BP 288 EP 288 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BJ06L UT WOS:A1997BJ06L00028 ER PT B AU Nguyen, CM Kim, KHK AF Nguyen, CM Kim, KHK GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Toward optimal assignment of human functions in complex defense systems via uniform object modeling and real time simulation SO THIRD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON OBJECT-ORIENTED REAL-TIME DEPENDABLE SYSTEMS, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Object-Oriented Real-Time Dependable Systems CY FEB 05-07, 1997 CL NEWPORT BEACH, CA SP IEEE Comp Soc, Tech Comm Distributed Proc, IFIP WG 10 4 Dependable Comp DE resource allocation; real-time systems; complex systems; human operator; globally optimal; risk incursion; scheduling; real-time object AB The view of a complex real-time computer-based application system as one in which not only automated machine components are embedded but also human sewers, especially those who perform time-sensitive tasks in close interaction with machine components, are ''embedded'' as components, is adapted. Efforts for optimal scheduling of executing components can then be applied not only to the machine components but also to embedded human operators, preferably in a uniform integrated fashion. The notion of the risk incursion function (RIF) introduced earlier by the authors is advocated as the guide for optimal allocation of both machine and human resources. Also, an approach to uniform representation of application environments, machine functions and components, and human functions and components in the form of a uniform network of realtime objects is advocated. RP Nguyen, CM (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,ADV SYST TECHNOL BRANCH,CODE B40,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 BN 0-8186-8047-4 PY 1997 BP 332 EP 338 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BJ48V UT WOS:A1997BJ48V00043 ER PT B AU Hummel, CA AF Hummel, CA BE Leung, KC TI The Mark III interferometer spectroscopic binary program SO THIRD PACIFIC RIM CONFERENCE ON RECENT DEVELOPMENT ON BINARY STAR RESEARCH SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Pacific Rim Conference on Recent Development on Binary Star Research CY OCT 26-NOV 01, 1995 CL CHIANG MAI, THAILAND SP Chiang Mai Univ, Thai Astronom Soc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Natl Res Council Thailand, Think Earth Thailand, Trantraphun Dept Store, Thailand, Tra Co Ltd, Thailand AB Operations of the Mark III optical interferometer on Mt. Wilson, California, ended in late 1992. We review some results of a three-year long program to resolve spectroscopic binaries at high angular resolution. C1 USN Observ, NRL, Opt Interferometer Project, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Hummel, CA (reprint author), USN Observ, NRL, Opt Interferometer Project, AD5,3450 Massachusetts Av NW, Washington, DC 20392 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 1-886733-50-3 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 1997 VL 130 BP 19 EP 22 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK80J UT WOS:000073445600004 ER PT B AU Armstrong, JT AF Armstrong, JT BE Leung, KC TI Long-baseline Optical Interferometry and close binaries SO THIRD PACIFIC RIM CONFERENCE ON RECENT DEVELOPMENT ON BINARY STAR RESEARCH SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Pacific Rim Conference on Recent Development on Binary Star Research CY OCT 26-NOV 01, 1995 CL CHIANG MAI, THAILAND SP Chiang Mai Univ, Thai Astronom Soc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Natl Res Council Thailand, Think Earth Thailand, Trantraphun Dept Store, Thailand, Tra Co Ltd, Thailand AB The imaging array of the Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer (NPOI) will make it possible to resolve binaries with separations as small as 400 microarcsec (mu as), and to make images of stellar surfaces and circumbinary material. The NPOI and its expected capabilities are described here. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Armstrong, JT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7215, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 1-886733-50-3 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 1997 VL 130 BP 23 EP 28 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK80J UT WOS:000073445600005 ER PT S AU Scott, T Fargues, M Coutu, G AF Scott, T Fargues, M Coutu, G BE Singh, A TI Adaptive octave filter bank with adaptive magnitude and phase SO THIRTIETH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS & COMPUTERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL PACIFIC GROVE, CA SP Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, California, San Jose State Univ, San Jose, California, IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB The theory and performance of an adaptive octave filter bank is examined. This filter structure is derived from the discrete cosi ne transform filter, which is itself a generalization of the frequency sampling filter that includes phase. In this previous work, the bandpass filters were uniformly spaced in frequency. In this paper. the bandpasses are octavely space in frequency. The previous work resulted in a-discrete cosine transform filter that is realized as a FIR filter as the cascade of an all-zero FIR filter with a bank of IIR digital resonators. In this papers, a similar result occurs, although the complexity is increased In both the previous uniform filter bank and the present octave bank, each bandpass filter has an adaptive magnitude and an adaptive phase. The result of such a realization is that each coefficient can be directly identified with an amplitude or a phase of the transfer function at a particular frequency when run as an adaptive filter. The update method examined is the LMS algorithm, with the coefficients being adapted as the magnitudes and phases at a full range of frequencies. RP Scott, T (reprint author), USN,GROTON,CT 06340, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 1058-6393 BN 0-8186-7646-9 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 1997 BP 8 EP 12 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BH95W UT WOS:A1997BH95W00002 ER PT S AU Lee, CH AF Lee, CH BE Singh, A TI RF link power control with field test data SO THIRTIETH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS & COMPUTERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL PACIFIC GROVE, CA SP Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, California, San Jose State Univ, San Jose, California, IEEE Signal Proc Soc RP Lee, CH (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 1058-6393 BN 0-8186-7646-9 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 1997 BP 622 EP 626 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BH95W UT WOS:A1997BH95W00123 ER PT S AU Lee, CH North, R AF Lee, CH North, R BE Singh, A TI Decentralized power management in RF mesh networks for frequency reuse SO THIRTIETH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS & COMPUTERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL PACIFIC GROVE, CA SP Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, California, San Jose State Univ, San Jose, California, IEEE Signal Proc Soc RP Lee, CH (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 1058-6393 BN 0-8186-7646-9 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 1997 BP 627 EP 631 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BH95W UT WOS:A1997BH95W00124 ER PT S AU Hutchins, RG AF Hutchins, RG BE Singh, A TI Neural network chaotic system identification SO THIRTIETH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS & COMPUTERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL PACIFIC GROVE, CA SP Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, California, San Jose State Univ, San Jose, California, IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB This research focuses on system identification using alternative neural network architectures, where the dynamics of the underlying system are chaotic. A neural network is trained on the measured input-output data of the actual system. The actual system model examined here is based on the Lorenz equations for the chaotic attractor of the same name. For comparison, a quadratic system is also studied. In this research, both standard feed forward network architectures and recurrent network topologies proved inadequate to successfully identify the chaotic system, although the quadratic system was readily identified by both architectures. A radial basis network architecture was able to capture the qualitative behavior of the chaotic system on predictive data sets. However, the absolute error in the estimates remained high. Subsampling either produced no substantive improvement or led to impractical retina sizes. RP Hutchins, RG (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 1058-6393 BN 0-8186-7646-9 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 1997 BP 809 EP 812 DI 10.1109/ACSSC.1996.599056 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BH95W UT WOS:A1997BH95W00161 ER PT S AU Larkin, MJ AF Larkin, MJ BE Singh, A TI Sonar signal classification using the BCM learning algorithm SO THIRTIETH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS & COMPUTERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL PACIFIC GROVE, CA SP Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, California, San Jose State Univ, San Jose, California, IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB Previous work by the author has demonstrated the capability of the Bienenstock Cooper Munro (BCM) model of neural synaptic modification to perform feature extraction, thus enhancing the performance of automated classifiers. Recent work has applied the BCM algorithm to sonar images of minelike objects, with the output of the BCM networks fed into a neural network classifier. This paper demonstrates the capability of this approach to classify objects as minelike or non-minelike, and to further classify the minelike objects by type. RP Larkin, MJ (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,CODE 3111,1176 HOWELL ST,NEWPORT,RI 02841, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 1058-6393 BN 0-8186-7646-9 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 1997 BP 844 EP 847 DI 10.1109/ACSSC.1996.599063 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BH95W UT WOS:A1997BH95W00168 ER PT S AU Barsanti, RJ Fargues, MP AF Barsanti, RJ Fargues, MP BE Singh, A TI Wavelet-based denoising of acoustic transients SO THIRTIETH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS & COMPUTERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL PACIFIC GROVE, CA SP Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, California, San Jose State Univ, San Jose, California, IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB This study Investigates the application of orthonormal wavelet analysis to the removal of noise from acoustic transients. Results show that Wavelet based denoising schemes perform better than classical Wiener filtering. RP Barsanti, RJ (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 1058-6393 BN 0-8186-7646-9 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 1997 BP 848 EP 852 DI 10.1109/ACSSC.1996.599064 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BH95W UT WOS:A1997BH95W00169 ER PT S AU Hanson, GA Iltis, RA AF Hanson, GA Iltis, RA BE Singh, A TI On minimax detection of signals with unknown parameters SO THIRTIETH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS & COMPUTERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL PACIFIC GROVE, CA SP Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, California, San Jose State Univ, San Jose, California, IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB In this paper we review two different strategies for mini-max detection of complex signals with unknown parameters in additive Gaussian noise. The first strategy is based on the least-favorable distribution of the unknown parameters, The second strategy is a distribution-free approach which seeks to maximize performance for the worst case parameter values. Conditions are given under which the two detectors produce identical performance. RP Hanson, GA (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAP DIV,CODE 472C00D,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 1058-6393 BN 0-8186-7646-9 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 1997 BP 873 EP 877 DI 10.1109/ACSSC.1996.599069 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BH95W UT WOS:A1997BH95W00174 ER PT S AU Khalil, N Hippenstiel, R AF Khalil, N Hippenstiel, R BE Singh, A TI Wavelet transforms of correlation functions of frequency hopped signals SO THIRTIETH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS & COMPUTERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL PACIFIC GROVE, CA SP Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, California, San Jose State Univ, San Jose, California, IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB This work uses the so called instantaneous correlation function to extract features and parameters of frequency hopped signals. Wavelet transforms allow a faster processing throughput than conventional Fourier transforms do. Wavelet analysis of the correlation surface is performed to identify the modulation and to obtain estimates of signal parameters. RP Khalil, N (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 1058-6393 BN 0-8186-7646-9 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 1997 BP 964 EP 967 DI 10.1109/ACSSC.1996.599087 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BH95W UT WOS:A1997BH95W00192 ER PT S AU Hutchins, RG Dunham, DT AF Hutchins, RG Dunham, DT BE Singh, A TI Evaluation of a probabilistic multihypothesis tracking algorithm in cluttered environments SO THIRTIETH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS & COMPUTERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL PACIFIC GROVE, CA SP Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, California, San Jose State Univ, San Jose, California, IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB This research examines the probabilistic multi-hypothesis tracker (PMHT), a batch-mode, empirical, Bayesian data association and tracking algorithm. Like a traditional multihypothesis tracker (MHT), track estimation is deferred until more conclusive data is gathered. However, unlike a traditional algorithm, PMHT does not attempt to enumerate all possible combinations of feasible data association links, but uses a probabilistic structure derived using expectation-maximization. This study is focusing on two issues: the behavior of the PMHT algorithm in clutter and algorithm initialization in clutter. We also compare performance between this algorithm and other algorithms, including a nearest neighbor tracker, a probabilistic data association filter (PDAF), and a traditional measurement-oriented MHT algorithm. RP Hutchins, RG (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 1058-6393 BN 0-8186-7646-9 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 1997 BP 1260 EP 1264 DI 10.1109/ACSSC.1996.599147 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BH95W UT WOS:A1997BH95W00250 ER PT S AU Creusere, CD AF Creusere, CD BE Singh, A TI Perfect reconstruction time-varying IIR filter banks SO THIRTIETH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS & COMPUTERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL PACIFIC GROVE, CA SP Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, California, San Jose State Univ, San Jose, California, IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB We consider here the general problem of implementing perfect reconstruction IIR filter banks, allowing the use of both causal and noncausal filtering stages. Past work including that of smith & Chung and Chen & Vaidyanathan has focused exclusively on filter banks having only noncausal filtering stages, probably because the computationally efficient modulated polyphase allpass filter bank falls into this category. We use a canonical direct form II framework here which is closely related to that of Chen and Vaidyanathan. In addition to considering extensions of this framework to include causal filtering stages, we point out some constraints analogous to those found by Smith and Chung for their direct form I implementation. Finally, we consider in detail the problem of selecting initial filter states to guarantee perfect cancellation of startup transients for finite length sequences in the time-varying case. We derive here a result for circular convolution with time-varying IIR filters analogous to that found by Smith & Eddins for time-invariant filters. RP Creusere, CD (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 1058-6393 BN 0-8186-7646-9 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 1997 BP 1319 EP 1323 DI 10.1109/ACSSC.1996.599161 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BH95W UT WOS:A1997BH95W00262 ER PT S AU Ramesh, B AF Ramesh, B BE Nunamaker, JF Sprague, RH TI Towards a meta-model for representing organizational memory SO THIRTIETH HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES, VOL 2: INFORMATION SYSTEMS - COLLABORATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 30) CY JAN 07-10, 1997 CL WAILEA, HI SP Univ Hawaii, Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Business Adm AB For each of the stakeholders involved in complex organizational processes, some useful support can be provided by recording in some structured fashion relevant portions of organizational memory. For this purpose, components of OM should include rich contextual information not only to provide derailed viewpoints of individual decision makers, but also to identify interdependencies among differing perspectives and viewpoints. An effective scheme for the capture and use of OM includes both formal and informal information. We describe a meta-model that can be used to represent comprehensive OM schemes. We describe the capabilities of a prototype OMS that provides a variety of facilitates for the capture, maintenance and use of OM. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Ramesh, B (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1060-3425 BN 0-8186-7743-0 J9 P ANN HICSS PY 1997 BP 320 EP 329 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BK74U UT WOS:000073324400032 ER PT S AU Bui, TX Ma, PC Stricker, C AF Bui, TX Ma, PC Stricker, C BE Nunamaker, JF Sprague, RH TI Supporting argumentation in software development SO THIRTIETH HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES, VOL 2: INFORMATION SYSTEMS - COLLABORATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 30) CY JAN 07-10, 1997 CL WAILEA, HI SP Univ Hawaii, Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Business Adm DE software development; project management; argumentation theory; group decision and negotiation support AB This paper proposes an argumentation language to support and archive argumentation in teamwork Teamwork effectiveness can be improved by continuous exchange of information, arguments and by joint agreements on actions. The proposed language is intended to be used as a mechanism for negotiation support and organizational repository. Far each task of the development process, a decision problem can be seen as one which requites the team members to identify what action to fake and what resources are affected by each action. The language is next applied to support argumentation in software development. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Bui, TX (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1060-3425 BN 0-8186-7743-0 J9 P ANN HICSS PY 1997 BP 514 EP 523 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BK74U UT WOS:000073324400054 ER PT S AU Bui, T Sankaran, S AF Bui, T Sankaran, S BE Nunamaker, JF Sprague, RH TI Group decision and negotiation support in telemedicine: An application of intelligent mobile agents as non-human teleworkers SO THIRTIETH HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES, VOL 4: INFORMATION SYSTEMS - INTERNET AND THE DIGITAL ECONOMY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 30) CY JAN 07-10, 1997 CL WAILEA, HI SP Univ Hawaii, Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Business Adm AB Rapid advances of the Internet, multimedia technology and virtual reality have opened new opportunities for organizations to re-design their traditional functional units often separated by vast distances into a virtually cohesive and cost effective enterprise This paper proposes an Internet-based framework for supporting collaborative work among human and non-human teleworkers. The proposed framework enables the geographically dispersed organization to distribute work across the Internet and embed intelligent software agents - as teleworkers - capable of supporting decision and negotiation to facilitate implementation of complex distributed decision making. The proposed framework is currently being simulated on a telemedicine project. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Bui, T (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1060-3425 BN 0-8186-7743-0 J9 P ANN HICSS PY 1997 BP 120 EP 129 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BK74W UT WOS:000073325300013 ER PT S AU Bitzer, SM Kamel, MN AF Bitzer, SM Kamel, MN BE Nunamaker, JF Sprague, RH TI Workflow reengineering: A methodology for Business Process Reengineering using workflow management technology SO THIRTIETH HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES, VOL 4: INFORMATION SYSTEMS - INTERNET AND THE DIGITAL ECONOMY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 30) CY JAN 07-10, 1997 CL WAILEA, HI SP Univ Hawaii, Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Business Adm AB The Workflow Reengineering Methodology (WRM) is a proposed methodology that uses workflow management automation to enable Business Process Reengineering (BPR). Unlike published BPR methodologies that use historical and estimated process data gathered from workflow participants, WRM uses the more accurate, real-time process measurements, gathered by the workflow tool, to improve the efficiency, effectiveness and flexibility of the workflow. The methodology consists of five phases and 32 component steps, together with associated data collection forms to facilitate its implementation. Using the proposed methodology, a case study was conducted to improve the processing of on-line equipment manuals and electronic discrepancy reports for a Naval organization. Preliminary results indicate significant reduction in cycle time, costs as well as personnel required to manage the process. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Port Hueneme Div, E Coast Operat, Virginia Beach, VA 23461 USA. RP Bitzer, SM (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Port Hueneme Div, E Coast Operat, Virginia Beach, VA 23461 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1060-3425 BN 0-8186-7743-0 J9 P ANN HICSS PY 1997 BP 415 EP 426 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BK74W UT WOS:000073325300043 ER PT S AU Bhargava, HK Jacobson, DL AF Bhargava, HK Jacobson, DL BE Sprague, RH TI Genetic storms: Investigating the Gulf War Syndrome SO THIRTIETH HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES, VOL 5: ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 30) CY JAN 07-10, 1997 CL WAILEA, HI SP Univ Hawaii, Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Business Adm AB Exploratory data analysis problems involving lots of data, but few hypotheses about them, are modeled as search problems over large unstructured spaces. For example, following the 1991 Persian Gulf conflict, medical evaluations of participants-conducted due to reports of a "Gulf War Syndrome" - have produced large amounts of medical data. This data, the basis for our investigation of the syndrome, ranges over more than 150 attributes, making the search problem over the attribute space a hard one. We solve it with a genetic algorithm, intertwined with algorithms that operate on the detailed data. Computational results suggest the system has performed a comrehensive search at low cost. Our findings: no indication yet of a single syndrome or other medical entity, but numerous correlations of exposure/demographic information and associated symptoms/diagnoses exist and merit further medical research. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Bhargava, HK (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Code SM-BH,555 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1060-3425 BN 0-8186-7743-0 J9 P ANN HICSS PY 1997 BP 539 EP 548 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BK74X UT WOS:000073325800057 ER PT B AU Collins, GE Gibbs, CG Gutsche, CD AF Collins, GE Gibbs, CG Gutsche, CD GP IEEE TI Sensitive detection of organic pollutants in water using self-assembled monolayers of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arenetetrathiol on a quartz crystal microbalance SO TRANSDUCERS 97 - 1997 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOLID-STATE SENSORS AND ACTUATORS, DIGEST OF TECHNICAL PAPERS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators CY JUN 16-19, 1997 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc DE calixarene; self-assembly; quartz crystal microbalance AB This paper will discuss a novel approach to chemical sensing of trace organics in aqueous, liquid media utilizing a self-assembled monolayer of p-tertbutylcalix[4]arenetetrathiol (BCAT) on a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Replacement of the phenol functionalities of p-tert-butyl-calix[4]arene with thiols enables the self assembly of these basket-shaped, complexing agents onto a mercury-coated QCM (see Figure 2). Our results demonstrate that the BCAT cage exhibits reversible, shape-or size-selective adsorption of various organic pollutants at the low ppm level in water. RP Collins, GE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6116,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3829-4 PY 1997 BP 1327 EP 1330 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BJ35B UT WOS:A1997BJ35B00327 ER PT B AU Davis, MA Kersey, AD AF Davis, MA Kersey, AD BE Chachich, AC DeVries, MJ TI Fiber Bragg grating based systems for transportation infrastructure monitoring SO TRANSPORTATION SENSORS AND CONTROLS: COLLISION AVOIDANCE, TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT, AND ITS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Transportation Sensors and Controls - Collision Avoidance, Traffic Management and ITS CY NOV 18-20, 1996 CL BOSTON, MA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers AB This paper describes two fiber Bragg grating based strain sensing systems. The two systems are designed for separate applications, one for many-sensor static strain measurements while the other is capable of monitoring strains with high sampling rates. Results are presented for the use of the dynamic system for monitoring strain on an active I-10 bridge in New Mexico. RP Davis, MA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5673,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2304-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 2902 BP 201 EP 210 DI 10.1117/12.267146 PG 10 WC Optics; Transportation SC Optics; Transportation GA BH32J UT WOS:A1997BH32J00021 ER PT J AU Kostick, JA Segall, AE Conway, JC Amateau, MF Opet, S AF Kostick, JA Segall, AE Conway, JC Amateau, MF Opet, S TI The sliding wear behavior of cobalt-based hardfacing alloys used in steam valve applications SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASME/STLE 1996 Tribology Conference CY OCT 13-17, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Soc Tribologists & Lubricat Engineers DE cobalt; wear; galling; hardness effects in tribology AB The tribological characteristics of a low carbon cobalt-based alloy were compared to a higher carbon cobalt-based alloy for application in a steam valve. In order to simulate the severe conditions typical for a steam valve, wear tests were conducted using a pin-on-rotating ring test configuration in an unlubricated steam atmosphere at 260 degrees C. After the wear tests were completed, both optical and scanning electron microscopy was used to determine the mode of material removal during the wearing process. A statistical analysis of the wear data involving several parameters did not establish a clear correlation between material properties and the observed wear rates. Nevertheless, the tribological performance of the lower carbon cobalt-based alloy was similar to the higher carbon cobalt-based alloy under the test conditions of high temperature steam. In both cases, adhesive wear was found to be the dominant material removal mechanism. C1 USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,DIV AIRCRAFT,LAKEHURST,NJ. RP Kostick, JA (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,APPL RES LAB,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16804, USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 840 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 SN 0569-8197 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 40 IS 1 BP 168 EP 172 DI 10.1080/10402009708983643 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA WF791 UT WOS:A1997WF79100024 ER PT B AU Lee, YT Bein, TW Hah, C Loellbach, J Feng, JZ Merkle, CL AF Lee, YT Bein, TW Hah, C Loellbach, J Feng, JZ Merkle, CL BE Hah, C TI CFD research on axial-flow turbomachinery SO TURBOMACHINERY FLUID DYNAMICS AND HEAT TRANSFER SE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING : A SERIES OF TEXTBOOKS AND REFERENCE BOOKS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Turbomachinery Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer, on the Occasion of Dr B Lakshminarayanas 60th Birthday CY JUN 13-14, 1995 CL PENN STATE UNIV, UNIVERSITY PK, PA SP Penn State Univ, USN, Off Naval Res HO PENN STATE UNIV RP Lee, YT (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAVID TAYLOR MODEL BASIN,CARDEROCK DIV,BETHESDA,MD 20084, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 BN 0-8247-9829-5 J9 MECH ENG SE PY 1997 VL 110 BP 253 EP 275 PG 23 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering; Thermodynamics GA BH15X UT WOS:A1997BH15X00012 ER PT B AU Hobson, GV Williams, AJH Rickel, HJG AF Hobson, GV Williams, AJH Rickel, HJG BE Hah, C TI Unsteady laser-Doppler-velocimetry measurements in a cascade of controlled-diffusion compressor blades at stall SO TURBOMACHINERY FLUID DYNAMICS AND HEAT TRANSFER SE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING : A SERIES OF TEXTBOOKS AND REFERENCE BOOKS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Turbomachinery Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer, on the Occasion of Dr B Lakshminarayanas 60th Birthday CY JUN 13-14, 1995 CL PENN STATE UNIV, UNIVERSITY PK, PA SP Penn State Univ, USN, Off Naval Res HO PENN STATE UNIV RP Hobson, GV (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93940, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 BN 0-8247-9829-5 J9 MECH ENG SE PY 1997 VL 110 BP 327 EP 347 PG 21 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering; Thermodynamics GA BH15X UT WOS:A1997BH15X00016 ER PT B AU Hammersley, VL Wharton, SP Winter, BT AF Hammersley, VL Wharton, SP Winter, BT BE Frank, HA Seo, ET TI Redistribution of NAVSEC-1 composition on zinc anodes during silver-zinc cell cycling SO TWELFTH ANNUAL BATTERY CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS AND ADVANCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances CY JAN 14-17, 1997 CL CALIF STATE UNIV, LONG BEACH, CA SP Adv Lead Acid Battery Consortium, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, Electrochem Soc Inc, Independent Battery Manufacturers Assoc, IEEE Aerosp & Electr Syst Soc, Int Cadmium Assoc, N Amer Off, Arvin Instruments, So Calif Edison Co, Batteries Int Ltd, Darnell Grp, Int Battery Technol Inc, Intertec Int Inc, ITE JEC Press Inc, 7 Mt Sci Inc, Business Commun Co Inc HO CALIF STATE UNIV AB The present study consisted of analyzing zinc plates for the distribution of the NAVSEC-1 mixture. The mixture consists of 2% cadmium oxide and 1% lead oxide. The effectiveness of these additives to reduce hydrogen evolution and minimize shape change depends on the distribution of the components. Comparisons of virgin zinc plates with baseline and 50 cycle cell plates were made. RP Hammersley, VL (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CRANE,IN 47522, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3631-3 PY 1997 BP 109 EP 110 DI 10.1109/BCAA.1997.574088 PG 2 WC Electrochemistry; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical SC Electrochemistry; Engineering GA BH34J UT WOS:A1997BH34J00021 ER PT B AU Lewis, HL Wharton, SP AF Lewis, HL Wharton, SP BE Frank, HA Seo, ET TI Zinc and silver migration during rechargeable silver-zinc cell cycling SO TWELFTH ANNUAL BATTERY CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS AND ADVANCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances CY JAN 14-17, 1997 CL CALIF STATE UNIV, LONG BEACH, CA SP Adv Lead Acid Battery Consortium, Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, Electrochem Soc Inc, Independent Battery Manufacturers Assoc, IEEE Aerosp & Electr Syst Soc, Int Cadmium Assoc, N Amer Off, Arvin Instruments, So Calif Edison Co, Batteries Int Ltd, Darnell Grp, Int Battery Technol Inc, Intertec Int Inc, ITE JEC Press Inc, 7 Mt Sci Inc, Business Commun Co Inc HO CALIF STATE UNIV AB A study has been established at NAVSURFWARCENDIV Crane to obtain zinc and silver migration rate data on cellulosic separators derived from a variety of cellulose and cellophane sources, in silver-zinc alkaline rechargeable cells. These data are to be related to cycle and wet life data from the model electrochemical cells as a function of separator composition for the rechargeable cell set The first examples used in this program are cells of 28 Ahr capacity, identical in every respect except for the separator composition, which are being tested in statistically significant numbers under identical temperature and relative humidity conditions, with 45% KOH as the electrolyte. The cycle life test regime is C/5 discharge to 1.30 V and C/30 and C/60 charge to 2.03 V continuous cycling, while the wet life test regime includes a 30-day wet stand at full charge between cycles. At the outset of the cell testing, a baseline cell was selected from each set in the matrix after the formation cycling was complete, and the silver and zinc migration through successive separator layers were determined. Also, at intervals during life cycle and wet life, and as cells fail the life tests, the measurements will be repeated. In this way a correlation may be established between silver and zinc migration rates under charge-discharge conditions in actual cells and the cycle and wet life of the respective cell types. Eight separator compositions, all cellulose-based, are being evaluated. The purpose of the study is to utilize the cycle and wet life data which are, in part, a function of the formation of soft and hard shorting in the rechargeable cell set, to designate a ''best'' separator for incorporation into actual production cells by the manufacturing community for silver-zinc rechargeable cells. The recommendations will take the form of minimum separator physical properties which are beneficial to cell performance and long life, resulting in an improvement in the assets available for Navy Fleet use. This paper will discuss the data available to date on silver and zinc migration and their relationship to cell cycling at several stages during the cell life. RP Lewis, HL (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,300 HIGHWAY 361,CRANE,IN 47522, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3631-3 PY 1997 BP 111 EP 119 DI 10.1109/BCAA.1997.574089 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical SC Electrochemistry; Engineering GA BH34J UT WOS:A1997BH34J00022 ER PT B AU Morgan, MA Robertson, RC AF Morgan, MA Robertson, RC BE Baum, CE Carin, L Stone, AP TI Optimized TEM horn impulse receiving antenna SO ULTRA-WIDEBAND, SHORT-PULSE ELECTROMAGNETICS 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics (UWB,SP 3) CY MAY 27-31, 1996 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Summa Fdn, Permanent HPEM Comm RP Morgan, MA (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 BN 0-306-45593-5 PY 1997 BP 121 EP 128 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BH71A UT WOS:A1997BH71A00016 ER PT B AU Samaddar, SN Mokole, EL AF Samaddar, SN Mokole, EL BE Baum, CE Carin, L Stone, AP TI Some basic properties of antennas associated with ultrawideband radiation SO ULTRA-WIDEBAND, SHORT-PULSE ELECTROMAGNETICS 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics (UWB,SP 3) CY MAY 27-31, 1996 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Summa Fdn, Permanent HPEM Comm RP Samaddar, SN (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV RADAR,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 BN 0-306-45593-5 PY 1997 BP 147 EP 164 PG 18 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BH71A UT WOS:A1997BH71A00019 ER PT B AU Steiner, M Gerlach, K Lin, FC AF Steiner, M Gerlach, K Lin, FC BE Baum, CE Carin, L Stone, AP TI Ultra-wideband radar detection in white noise SO ULTRA-WIDEBAND, SHORT-PULSE ELECTROMAGNETICS 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics (UWB,SP 3) CY MAY 27-31, 1996 CL ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Summa Fdn, Permanent HPEM Comm RP Steiner, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 BN 0-306-45593-5 PY 1997 BP 361 EP 372 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BH71A UT WOS:A1997BH71A00043 ER PT B AU Owen, G AF Owen, G BE Albers, W Guth, W Hammerstein, P Moldovanu, B vanDamme, E TI The consistent solution for non-atomic games SO UNDERSTANDING STRATEGIC INTERACTION: ESSAYS IN HONOR OF REINHARD SELTEN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Jerusalem Conference on Understanding Strategic Interaction CY 1995 CL JERUSALEM, ISRAEL C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MATH,MONTEREY,CA 93943. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN 33 PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, W-1000 BERLIN 33, GERMANY BN 3-540-61490-7 PY 1997 BP 279 EP 285 PG 7 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA BG66M UT WOS:A1997BG66M00021 ER PT S AU Doolan, DL Hoffman, SL Southwood, S Wentworth, PA Sette, A AF Doolan, DL Hoffman, SL Southwood, S Wentworth, PA Sette, A BE Brown, F Burton, D Doherty, P Mekalanos, J Norrby, E TI Design of a subunit malaria vaccine incorporating HLA-restricted CD8+ T-cell epitopes of multiple Plasmodium falciparum antigens SO VACCINES 97 - MOLECULAR APPROACHES TO THE CONTROL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES SE VACCINES (COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY PRESS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual Meeting on Modern Approaches to the Control of Infectious Diseases CY SEP 09-13, 1996 CL COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY SP Pharmacia LKB Biotechnol, Alza Corp, Amgen Inc, BASF Biores Corp, Becton Dickinson & Co, Boehringer Mannheim Corp, Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Chiron Corp, Chugai Res Inst Molec Med Inc, Diagnost Prod Corp, DuPont Merck Pharm Co, Forest Labs Inc, Genentech Inc, Hoechst Marion Roussel Inc, Hoffman La Roche Inc, Johnson & Johnson, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd, Life Technol Inc, Eli Lilly & Co, Merck Genome Res InstOncogene Sci Inc, Pall Corp, Perkin Elmer Corp, Appl Biosyst Div, Pfizer Inc, Pharmacia & Upjohn Inc, Research Genet Inc, Sandoz Res Inst, Schering Plough Corp, Sumitomo Pharm Co Ltd, Wyeth Ayerst Res, Zeneca Grp PLC, Amer Cyanamid Co, Kirin Brewery, Monsanto Co, Pioneer Hi Bred Int Inc, Westvaco Corp HO COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB RP Doolan, DL (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,ROCKVILLE,MD 20889, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY PRESS PI PLAINVIEW PA 10 SKYLINE DRIVE, PLAINVIEW, NY 11803-2500 SN 0899-4056 BN 0-87969-516-1 J9 VACCINES PY 1997 BP 207 EP 211 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Microbiology; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Research & Experimental Medicine; Microbiology; Virology GA BH99A UT WOS:A1997BH99A00036 ER PT J AU Moss, RB Giermakowska, W Lanza, P Turner, JL Wallace, MR Jensen, FC Theofan, G Richieri, SP Carlo, DJ AF Moss, RB Giermakowska, W Lanza, P Turner, JL Wallace, MR Jensen, FC Theofan, G Richieri, SP Carlo, DJ TI Cross-clade immune responses after immunization with a whole-killed gp120-depleted human immunodeficiency virus type-1 immunogen in Incomplete Freund's adjuvant (HIV-1 immunogen, REMUNE (TM)) in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 seropositive subjects SO VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in AIDS Vaccine Development - 9th Annual Meeting of the National-Cooperative-Vaccine-Development-Groups-for-AIDS CY MAY 04-07, 1997 CL BETHESDA, MARYLAND SP Natl Cooperat Vaccine Dev Grp AIDS ID VACCINE AB Lymphocyte proliferation responses to gp120-depleted HZ321 virus (clade A) antigen were compared to BAL human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) virus antigen (clade B) responses, clade E HIV virus antigen responses, and purified native p24 antigen responses in 15 human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) seropositive subjects immunized with a whole-killed inactivated gp120-depleted HIV-1 antigen in Incomplete Freund's adjuvant (HIV-1 immunogen, REMUNE(TM)). A significant increase in lymphocyte proliferation to HZ321 antigen was observed after immunization with the HIV-1 immunogen (p = 0.02). A strong association was demonstrated between the HIV-I immunizing antigen, HZ321, and native p24 antigen responses (r = 0.80, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, a strong association in terms of proliferative responses was demonstrated between HZ321 virus (clade A) responses and BAL virus (clade B) (r = 0.95, p < 0.0001) and clade E virus antigen (r = 0.92, g < 0.0001). Proliferative responses to HIV antigens also correlated with baseline CD4 counts. Taken together, these results support the specificity of immune responses induced by REMUNE (HIV-1 immunogen). The development of cross-reactive immune responses between clades and to the more conserved epitopes of the virus have implications in the development of therapeutic and prophylactic HIV vaccines. C1 Immune Response Corp, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. Univ Penn, Grad Hosp, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Moss, RB (reprint author), Immune Response Corp, 5935 Darwin Court, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. NR 19 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0882-8245 J9 VIRAL IMMUNOL JI Viral Immunol. PY 1997 VL 10 IS 4 BP 221 EP 228 DI 10.1089/vim.1997.10.221 PG 8 WC Immunology; Virology SC Immunology; Virology GA YV371 UT WOS:000071785700006 PM 9473153 ER PT S AU Creusere, CD AF Creusere, CD BE Rajala, SA Rabbani, M TI Adaptive embedding for reduced complexity image and video compression SO VISUAL COMMUNICATIONS AND IMAGE PROCESSING '98, PTS 1 AND 2 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Visual Communications and Image Processing 1998 Conference CY JAN 28-30, 1998 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Soc Imaging Sci & Technol DE image compression; video compression; low complexity; EZW; wavelet compression; embedded compression; embedded zerotree wavelet AB An embedded coding algorithm creates a compressed bit stream which can be truncated to produce reduced resolution versions of the original image. This property allows such algorithms to preciseIy achieve fixed bit rates, reducing or eliminating the need for rate control in video transmission applications, Furthermore, embedded bit streams have a certain degree of innate error resistance and can also be used lo facilitate unequal error protection. Unfortunately, embedded compression algorithms are relatively slow. In this paper, we introduce the concept of adaptive embedding in an effort to address this problem. Such embedding increases the speed of the algorithm by reducing the number of separate resolution layers contained within the bit stream. Since it is often impossible to effectively use the many Layers created by existing embedded coders, sacrificing some them to speed up the processing may be quite acceptable, We show here that adaptive embedding increases execution speed by 28% for fixed-rate video compression with only a 2% reduction in rate-distortion performance. Finally, we also introduce an alternate form of lossless compression which increases execution speed by another 6-10% at the expense of reconstruction quality. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Creusere, CD (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-2749-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3309 BP 48 EP 57 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BK38Z UT WOS:000071969700005 ER PT B AU Hummel, CA AF Hummel, CA BE Docobo, JA Elipe, A McAlister, H TI Images of Mizar A from long baseline optical interferometry SO VISUAL DOUBLE STARS: FORMATION, DYNAMICS AND EVOLUTIONARY TRACKS SE ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Visual Binary Stars - Formation, Dynamics and Evolutionary Tracks, Commemorating the 5th Centenary of the University of Santiago de Compostela CY JUL 29-AUG 01, 1996 CL SANTIAGO COMPOSTE, SPAIN SP Univ Santiago Compostela, Reg Govt Galicia, Spanish Minist Educ C1 USN Observ, Opt Interferometer Project, NRL, Univ Space Res Assoc, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Hummel, CA (reprint author), USN Observ, Opt Interferometer Project, NRL, Univ Space Res Assoc, AD5,3450 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington, DC 20392 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-4793-5 J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SC L PY 1997 VL 223 BP 55 EP 61 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK59D UT WOS:000072648300007 ER PT B AU Worley, CE Douglass, GG AF Worley, CE Douglass, GG BE Docobo, JA Elipe, A McAlister, H TI Thirty years of work: Construction of the Washington Visual Double Star Catalog and its future SO VISUAL DOUBLE STARS: FORMATION, DYNAMICS AND EVOLUTIONARY TRACKS SE ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Visual Binary Stars - Formation, Dynamics and Evolutionary Tracks, Commemorating the 5th Centenary of the University of Santiago de Compostela CY JUL 29-AUG 01, 1996 CL SANTIAGO COMPOSTE, SPAIN SP Univ Santiago Compostela, Reg Govt Galicia, Spanish Minist Educ AB A new edition of the Washington Visual Double Star Catalog (1996.0) has now been completed and issued. This report discusses some of the back-ground concerning such compilations, their contents and arrangement of the data, as well as prospects for future enhancements. C1 USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Worley, CE (reprint author), USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-4793-5 J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SC L PY 1997 VL 223 BP 485 EP 487 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BK59D UT WOS:000072648300057 ER PT B AU Marchette, DJ Solka, JL AF Marchette, DJ Solka, JL BE Park, SK Juday, RD TI A mixture based MAP estimator for image segmentation SO VISUAL INFORMATION PROCESSING VI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Visual Information Processing VI CY APR 21-22, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE image segmentation; mixture models; MAP estimators; EM algorithm AB One method for Image segmentation involves fitting a mixture model to features extracted from an image, then using this statistical model to segment the image according to the posterior probabilities associated with each component, This procedure has the disadvantage that it can produce a noisy and disconnected segmentation. Using the posterior probabilities from the mixture, a Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) estimator can be produced which smooths the segmentation. This in turn can be used to improve the original mixture estimates via the Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm for mixture models. This has the dual benefit of incorporating spatial information into the estimation of the mixture parameters, as well as producing improved segmentation, The algorithm is described, and applied to synthetic and real images. The results on the synthetic images show both improved segmentation and improved estimation of the mixture parameters. RP Marchette, DJ (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CODE B10,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2489-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3074 BP 72 EP 80 DI 10.1117/12.280640 PG 9 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Optics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Optics GA BJ34W UT WOS:A1997BJ34W00008 ER PT J AU Farncomb, RE Nauflett, GW AF Farncomb, RE Nauflett, GW TI Innovative polymer processing in carbon dioxide SO WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article AB Carbon dioxide was used as the solvent in two innovative polymer processes, the preparation of energetic polymers and a Viton based pyrotechnic. The energetic polymer prepared was poly-3-nitratomethyl-3-methyl oxetane and the pyrotechnic was a magnesium, Teflon and Viton (MTV) crumb. Liquid carbon dioxide (LCO2) at 140 atm and 0 degrees C replaces methylene chloride as the solvent in the two step energetic polymers preparation. The monomer, 3,3-(methanol) methyl oxetane, was nitrated with nitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) and subsequently polymerized using gaseous boron trifluoride (BF3). Polymerizations in LCO2 simplifies solvent removal and purification. The LCO2 solvent evaporates on release of the pressure. Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) was used for oligomer extraction and fractionation of the polymers. To our knowledge, this was the first time carbon dioxide was used as the processing fluid for N2O5 nitration and for polymerization using gaseous BF3. Various batches of MTV up to 200 grams were prepared using a new method designated the Super-Shock Process. The MTV prepared by this new process meets the requirements of a class 1.3 explosive. In this process the Viton was precipitated from an acetone/magnesium/Teflon/Viton paste with carbon dioxide, thus coating the magnesium and Teflon with Viton. Virtually no hazardous waste was generated in this process. The processing fluids, acetone and carbon dioxide were recovered and recycled. Since the starting materials were not chemically or physically altered during processing, any off specification MTV was mixed with acetone and the proper amounts of starting materials and added to the next batch. In the old process over 10 pounds of hazardous waste are produced per pound of MTV. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Farncomb, RE (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-053X J9 WASTE MANAGE JI Waste Manage. PY 1997 VL 17 IS 2-3 BP 123 EP 127 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ZA650 UT WOS:000072387200004 ER PT J AU Burch, D Johnson, M Sims, K AF Burch, D Johnson, M Sims, K TI Value added products from reclamation of military munitions SO WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article AB The Department of Defense has a backlog of excess, obsolete and unserviceable munitions for disposal. For many of these munition items the only method of disposal is open burning/open detonation (OB/OD) which destroys valuable resources which can be reclaimed and converted to useful products. The Crane Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center (NAVSURFWARCENDIV Crane) in support of the Navy's Ordnance Reclamation Program and the Joint Service Large Rocket Motor Disposal Program has been developing technology for the removal and reclamation of the energetics from munitions. The University of Missouri-Rolla has demonstrated the use of high pressure waterjet technology for removal of PBX explosives from projectiles and warheads. Development work is nearing completion for demonstrating the capability to remove Class 1.1 propellant from strategic rocket motors using high pressure waterjets. Current projects are under way focusing on resource recovery and recycling (R3) of the reclaimed energetics while minimizing disposal. The current reclamation projects include reformulation of the explosives and Class 1.1 propellants into commercial blasting agents, reuse of Navy gun propellant for various applications including agriculture and oil-gas well stimulation. Other projects include the recovery of RDX/HMX from Class 1.1 explosives and propellants and the conversion of Explosive D into higher value products. Lab/bench scale testing has been completed on many of these processes, and for some pilot scale demonstrations have been or are scheduled to be completed during 1997. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All lights reserved. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Crane Div, Crane, IN 47522 USA. RP Burch, D (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Crane Div, Code 4073,300 Highway 361, Crane, IN 47522 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-053X J9 WASTE MANAGE JI Waste Manage. PY 1997 VL 17 IS 2-3 BP 159 EP 163 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ZA650 UT WOS:000072387200010 ER PT B AU Szu, H Hsu, C AF Szu, H Hsu, C BE Szu, HH TI Symmetric codec video compression for N-to-N teleconferences using biorthogonal subband wavelets SO WAVELET APPLICATIONS IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Conference on Wavelet Applications CY APR 22-24, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers AB In order to achieve high data compression, high fidelity images, multi-resolution imaging, and N-to-N teleconferencing, we propose a biorthogonal subband wavelet for the N-to-N teleconferencing which includes a wavelet compression algorithm, a wavelet based motion estimation, and a network design operatively connecting visual communication terminals. RP Szu, H (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN DIV,CODE B40,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2493-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3078 BP 12 EP 22 DI 10.1117/12.271717 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BH61A UT WOS:A1997BH61A00002 ER PT B AU Szu, H Hsu, C Landa, J Jones, T OKane, B OConnor, J Murenzi, R Smith, M AF Szu, H Hsu, C Landa, J Jones, T OKane, B OConnor, J Murenzi, R Smith, M BE Szu, HH TI Image compression quality metrics SO WAVELET APPLICATIONS IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Conference on Wavelet Applications CY APR 22-24, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers AB Battlefield reconnaissance through tactical surveillance video systems requires transmission of images through a limited bandwidth and capacity to achieve Aided Target Recognition (ATR), of which some lossy compression is indispensable. Based on available resolution, ATR can have three functionality goals: (1) detection of a target, (2) recognition of target classes, and (3) identification of individual target membership. Thus, it is desirable to build an intelligent lookup table which maps a specific ATR goal into an appropriate image compression. Such a table may be built implicitly by employing the exemplar training procedure of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). In order to illustrate this concept, we will introduce a computational metric called Feature Persistence Measure (FPM), useful for X-ray luggage inspections, and further generalized here to capture human performance in a tactical imaging scenario. RP Szu, H (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN DIV,DAHLGREN,VA 22446, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2493-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3078 BP 42 EP 55 DI 10.1117/12.271768 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BH61A UT WOS:A1997BH61A00005 ER PT B AU Szu, HH LeMoigne, J Netanyahu, NS Hsu, CC AF Szu, HH LeMoigne, J Netanyahu, NS Hsu, CC BE Szu, HH TI Integration of local texture information in the automatic classification of Landsat images SO WAVELET APPLICATIONS IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Conference on Wavelet Applications CY APR 22-24, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE wavelets; artificial neural networks; classification; texture analysis; remote sensing imagery AB As the amount of multidimensional remotely sensed data is growing tremendously, Earth scientists need more efficient ways to search and analyze such data. In particular, extracting image content is emerging as one of the most powerful tools to perform data mining. One of the most promising methods to extract image content is image classification, which provides a labeling of each pixel in the image. In this paper, we concentrate on neural network classifiers and show how information obtained through a wavelet transform can be integrated in such a classifier. After a systematic dimensionality reduction by a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique, we apply a local spatial frequency analysis. This local analysis with a composite edge/texture wavelet transform provides statistical texture information of the Landsat imagery testset. The network is trained with both radiometric Landsat/Thematic Mapper (TM) bands and with the additional texture bands provided by the wavelet analysis. The paper describes the type of wavelets chosen for this application, and several sets of results are presented. RP Szu, HH (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2493-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3078 BP 116 EP 127 DI 10.1117/12.271708 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BH61A UT WOS:A1997BH61A00010 ER PT B AU Szu, H Hsu, C AF Szu, H Hsu, C BE Szu, HH TI Landsat spectral demixing a la superresolution of blind matrix inversion by constraint MaxEnt neural nets SO WAVELET APPLICATIONS IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Conference on Wavelet Applications CY APR 22-24, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers AB A single pixel of a Landsat image has seven channels receiving 0.1 to 10 microns of radiation from the ground within a 20x20 meter footprint. In principle, the pattern of seven values can be utilized to identify ground sources within the pixel footprint by using methodologies called spectral blind demixing of unknown sources when the reflectance matrix W-ij for the ith object and the jth band is either partially unknown or difficult to measure in the outer space. We can assume a linear mixing model for a long distance propagation of weak sources. The satellite measurements of seven bands in a single pixel U-i = (j) Sigma WijVj are obtained from V-j objects in the footprint of the pixel, of which both the set of objects V-j and the reflectance matrix W-ij are unknown. We postulate the constraint maximum entropy with Lagarangian multipliers lambda(i) to incorporate the measurement to be the Hopfield-like energy function. Use is made of the traditional Lagrangian variation method to estimate the unknown sub-pixel object V-j in a standard recursion equation between the variation of the multipliers Delta lambda(i) and the departure from the known measurement Delta U-i, which allows us to recursively apply the gradient descent of Hopfield-like neural networks to estimate the unknown reflectance associative memory matrix, W-ij. We shall refer to the double recursions for the double unknowns methodology as the Lagrangian-Hopfield Neural Network. Results of simulations and diagnoses are given. As an application of the method in the spatial frequency domain, the adaptive Wavelet Transform (WT) of Landsat images mixes a special type of spectral information of a group of pixels called a macro-pixel; e.g., the zero-mean edge wavelet covers a minimum group of 3x3 macro-pixels; and the zero-mean texture wavelet covers a minimum group of 9x9 macro-pixels. Then, the identical demixing of the peak WT coefficient in the transform domain, which is different in meaning from that of a single pixel in the image domain, shall provide us with the strongest set of partial coherence information of the macro-pixel, i.e. the group of spectral sources based on the infrared far-field coherence theorem of Zernike. Thus, the identical demixing mathematical procedure, when operated in the WT domain, may give the useful information referred to as the superresolution of a macro-pixel. RP Szu, H (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN DIV,CODE B40,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2493-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3078 BP 147 EP 160 DI 10.1117/12.271711 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BH61A UT WOS:A1997BH61A00013 ER PT B AU Noel, SE Szu, HH AF Noel, SE Szu, HH BE Szu, HH TI Multiple-resolution clustering for recursive divide and conquer SO WAVELET APPLICATIONS IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Conference on Wavelet Applications CY APR 22-24, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE multiple-resolution clustering; recursive divide and conquer; traveling salesman problem; multiresolution analysis; path minimization; combinatorial optimization; theorem of orthogonal division errors; random fractals; point processes; unsupervised clustering AB In recent work, a recursive divide-and-conquer approach was developed for path-minimization problems such as the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). The approach is based on multiple-resolution clustering to decompose a problem into minimally-dependent parts. It is particularly effective for large-scale, fractal data sets, which exhibit clustering on all scales, and hence at all resolutions. This leads to the application of wavelets for performing the necessary multiple-resolution clustering. While the general topic of multiple-resolution clustering via wavelets is relatively immature, it has been explored for certain specific applications. However, nothing in the literature addresses the specific type of multiple-resolution clustering needed for the divide-and-conquer approach. That is the primary goal of this paper. RP Noel, SE (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN DIV,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2493-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3078 BP 266 EP 279 DI 10.1117/12.271725 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BH61A UT WOS:A1997BH61A00025 ER PT B AU Noel, SE Gohel, Y Szu, HH AF Noel, SE Gohel, Y Szu, HH BE Szu, HH TI Wavelet detection of singularities in the presence of fractal noise SO WAVELET APPLICATIONS IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Conference on Wavelet Applications CY APR 22-24, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE Hermitian Hat wavelet; radar quadrature processing; wavelet shrinkage; fractal noise AB Here we detect singularities with generalized quadrature processing using the recently developed Hermitian Hat wavelet. Our intended application is radar target detection for the optimal fuzing of ship self-defense munitions. We first develop a wavelet-based fractal noise model to represent sea clutter. We then investigate wavelet shrinkage as a way to reduce and smooth the noise before attempting wavelet detection. Finally, we use the complex phase of the Hermitian Hat wavelet to detect a simulated target singularity in the presence of our fractal noise. RP Noel, SE (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN DIV,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2493-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3078 BP 374 EP 383 DI 10.1117/12.271770 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BH61A UT WOS:A1997BH61A00035 ER PT B AU Chen, VC AF Chen, VC BE Szu, HH TI Radar range profile analysis with natural frame time-frequency representation SO WAVELET APPLICATIONS IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Conference on Wavelet Applications CY APR 22-24, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE radar range profile; radar imaging; time-frequency processing AB Range profiles generated by a high range resolution radar have been used for non-cooperative target identification, especially in cases when radar range-Doppler image cannot be generated due to various reasons. Since a range profile is inherently a transient phenomenon, underlying features may not be identified in the time domain or frequency domain alone. However, the joint time-frequency analysis may provide a localized time-frequency information for identifying significant features of targets. A basis set, which is natural to the signal and called the natural frame, can be derived from the signal's energy distribution in the joint time-frequency domain. In this paper, the natural frame decomposition is used for best representing radar range profiles, a time-frequency ridge detector is applied for finding the natural frame set, which can be used as the target features for classification. RP Chen, VC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV RADAR,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2493-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3078 BP 433 EP 448 DI 10.1117/12.271736 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BH61A UT WOS:A1997BH61A00041 ER PT B AU Szu, H Hsu, C AF Szu, H Hsu, C BE Szu, HH TI Edge-texture wavelet features for automated X-ray inspection SO WAVELET APPLICATIONS IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Conference on Wavelet Applications CY APR 22-24, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers AB Computer Aided Target Recognition (ATR) is introduced to reduce the False Alarm Rate (FAR) based on a pair of X-ray (backscattering and transmission) images. We assume that a homogeneous texture feature persists throughout the Area Of Interest (AOI) in cases of contraband drug substances. We introduce an adaptive edge-texture Wavelet Transform (WT) in order to match the substance texture. Furthermore, we introduce a Feature Persistence Measure (FPM) in terms of a multi-resolution fractal dimension analysis. Results of an FPM plotted against the size of the box region show that the reflectance AOI is similar to the false contraband; but that of actransmitted AOI reveals a different fractal dimension between the positive and negative contrabands. Thus we can reduce the FAR. RP Szu, H (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGEN DIV,DAHLGREN,VA 22446, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2493-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3078 BP 456 EP 467 DI 10.1117/12.271738 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BH61A UT WOS:A1997BH61A00043 ER PT B AU Lake, DE AF Lake, DE BE Szu, HH TI Adaptive signal estimation using projection libraries SO WAVELET APPLICATIONS IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Conference on Wavelet Applications CY APR 22-24, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE adaptive signal estimation; waveform dictionary; projection library; atomic decomposition; change point AB Many results in approximation theory, nonparametric regression, and adaptive signal representation assume that the signal is a smooth function or nonstationary in some smooth sense. These assumptions are not always applicable and perhaps even more importantly the times where the signal is not smooth (i.e., jumps) are themselves important features to preserve in the signal representation. Previously, computationally efficient methods were developed to implement these approaches for the relatively simple problem of estimating multiple change points from a piecewise constant signal. In this paper, this approach is presented in the modern framework of waveform dictionaries, bases libraries, and atomic decomposition. RP Lake, DE (reprint author), OFF NAVAL RES,ARLINGTON,VA 22217, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2493-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3078 BP 602 EP 609 DI 10.1117/12.271751 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BH61A UT WOS:A1997BH61A00056 ER PT S AU Ainsworth, TL Lee, JS Schuler, DL Du, LJ AF Ainsworth, TL Lee, JS Schuler, DL Du, LJ BE Mott, H Boerner, WM TI Polarimetric feature characterization methods for target detection in coastal areas SO WIDEBAND INTERFEROMETRIC SENSING AND IMAGING POLARIMETRY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Wideband Interferometric Sensing and Imaging Polarimetry CY JUL 28-29, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers AB Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has been successfully applied for, terrain and land-use classification, soil moisture and biomass measurements, and many other areas of remote sensing. However, its application to ocean and coastal areas has not been developed fully. This paper describes several remote-sensing applications for the littoral zone using polarimetric SAR. SIR-C L-band and C-band images are used for illustration. C1 USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ainsworth, TL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7263, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-2542-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3120 BP 174 EP 179 DI 10.1117/12.300621 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BK25W UT WOS:000071632400014 ER PT S AU Lee, JS Grunes, MR Boerner, WM AF Lee, JS Grunes, MR Boerner, WM BE Mott, H Boerner, WM TI Polarimetric property preservation in SAR speckle filtering SO WIDEBAND INTERFEROMETRIC SENSING AND IMAGING POLARIMETRY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Wideband Interferometric Sensing and Imaging Polarimetry CY JUL 28-29, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE polarimetric SAR; speckle filtering; terrain classification; coherent interference AB Speckle reduction of polarimetric SAR imagery has been studied using several different approaches. All these approaches exploited the degree of independence between HH, HV and VV channels. The statistical characteristics, such as correlation between channels, and polarimetric property preservation, were not addressed. This paper proposes a new approach in polarimetric SAR filtering. The new approach emphasizes not introducing cross-talk, preserving polarimetric information and statistical correlation between channels, and not degrading the image quality. To avoid cross-talk, each element of the covariance matrix has to be filtered independently. This rules out current methods of polarimetric SAR filtering. To preserve the polarimetric signature, each element of the covariance matrix should be filtered in a way similar to multi-look processing by averaging the covariance matrix of neighboring pixels, but without the deficiency of smearing edges, or degrading image quality. The proposed polarimetric SAR filter uses edge-directed non-square windows and applies the local statistics filter. The impact of using this polarimetric speckle filtering on terrain classification is also studied. NASA/JPL Les Landes polarimetric P-Band and C-Band SAR data is used for illustration. C1 USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7263, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-2542-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3120 BP 236 EP 242 DI 10.1117/12.300624 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BK25W UT WOS:000071632400021 ER PT S AU Schuler, DL Ainsworth, TL Lee, JS Grunes, MR De Grandi, G AF Schuler, DL Ainsworth, TL Lee, JS Grunes, MR De Grandi, G BE Mott, H Boerner, WM TI Remote topographic sensing using polarimetric SAR data SO WIDEBAND INTERFEROMETRIC SENSING AND IMAGING POLARIMETRY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Wideband Interferometric Sensing and Imaging Polarimetry CY JUL 28-29, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE polarimetric SAR; remote sensing; topography; slope measurement AB A new remote sensing technique using polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data has been developed which can measure terrain slopes in the azimuthal, or along-track, direction. Terrain elevation maps can then be generated by integrating these slopes. The processing of both single-pass, and orthogonal two-pass, datasets is investigated. When single-pass SAR data is used elevation groundtruth must be available for at least one point of each profile formed in the azimuthal direction. When orthogonal two-pass slope data is employed, the elevation surface may be generated as an iterative solution of the Poisson equation and only a single elevation tie-point is required. The study presented uses orthogonal two-pass NASA/JPL AIRSAR P-band data as a test of the Poisson equation approach for an area in Death Valley National Park, California. The orthogonal two-pass results have been compared with a co-registered, conventional, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) product. Technique accuracy and potential applications are discussed. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Schuler, DL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-2542-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3120 BP 243 EP 254 DI 10.1117/12.278955 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BK25W UT WOS:000071632400022 ER PT B AU Harris, DC AF Harris, DC BE Tustison, RW TI Side-by-side comparison of erosion-resistant coatings SO WINDOW AND DOME TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS V SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Window and Dome Technologies and Applications CY APR 21-22, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE erosion; rain erosion; sand erosion; coatings; erosion-resistant coatings; boron phosphide; gallium phosphide; zinc sulfide; magnesium fluoride; silicon; infrared emittance AB Optical properties and rain and sand erosion resistance of the following infrared window materials were measured: (1) Barr & Stroud boron phosphide coating on multispectral zinc sulfide, (2) Barr & Stroud gallium phosphide coating (with a thin outer layer of boron phosphide) on multispectral zinc sulfide, (3) Raytheon zinc sulfide coating on multispectral zinc sulfide, (4) Texas Instruments bulk gallium phosphide, (5) polycrystalline magnesium fluoride, and (6) single-crystal silicon. ZnS-coated ZnS has low optical emission for operation at 500 degrees C in both the 3-5 and 8-10 mu m regions. Bulk GaP and bare MgF2 have low emission only in the 3-5 mu m region. BP/ZnS and BP/GaP/ZnS have prohibitive optical emission at 500 degrees C in both the 3-5 and 8-10 mu m regions. In whirling arm rain erosion experiments, none of the coated materials was as durable as bare MgF2. BP/ZnS is more durable than ZnS/ZnS, but subsurface damage preceded damage to the BP coating in BP/ZnS. GaP fractured easily on orthogonal crystal planes upon raindrop impact. In sand erosion experiments, BP and BP/GaP/ZnS were best and MgF2 was second most durable. A procedure is proposed for conducting comparative rain and sand erosion tests of inclined windows. RP Harris, DC (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,CODE 4B2200D,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2475-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3060 BP 17 EP 29 DI 10.1117/12.277054 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BJ21Y UT WOS:A1997BJ21Y00003 ER PT B AU Johnson, LF Moran, MB AF Johnson, LF Moran, MB BE Tustison, RW TI Synthesis and characterization of carbon nitride films SO WINDOW AND DOME TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS V SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Window and Dome Technologies and Applications CY APR 21-22, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE chlorine-doped carbon nitride; electron cylcotron resonance chemical vapor deposition (ECR-CVD); atomic force microscopy (AFM); electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA); Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy; optical constants AB Carbon nitride films were deposited on a variety of substrates by electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using halogenated hydrocarbon precursors in a high-density-nitrogen plasma. With the proper deposition conditions, the chlorine-doped carbon nitride films are conformal, extremely smooth and uniform over large areas. Deposition rates in the 5-kilowatt ECR-CVD chamber of up to ten microns per hour over a four-inch-diameter substrate have been demonstrated. Low-melting substrates like plastics and low-melting glasses have been coated because the deposition temperatures can be kept below 100 degrees C in the streaming plasma of the ECR-CVD. Aim microstructure and chemical composition were studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM), Auger spectroscopy, electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Preliminary results indicate that the carbon nitride coatings deposited using halogenated-hydrocarbon precursors contain less than ten atomic percent chlorine and very little carbon-hydrogen bonding. One set of experimental conditions resulted in the deposition of 100-micron-size crystallites on a glass substrate. RP Johnson, LF (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,CODE 4B1100D,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2475-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3060 BP 30 EP 41 DI 10.1117/12.277063 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BJ21Y UT WOS:A1997BJ21Y00004 ER PT B AU Moran, MB Johnson, LF AF Moran, MB Johnson, LF BE Tustison, RW TI Diamond-like-carbon films synthesized by electron cyclotron resonance chemical vapor deposition SO WINDOW AND DOME TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS V SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Window and Dome Technologies and Applications CY APR 21-22, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers AB The preceding paper in these proceedings provided a detailed discussion of colloidal and crystalline-phase chlorine-doped carbon nitride (CNx:Cl) films synthesized by electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) chemical vapor deposition (CVD).(1) This paper will focus on diamond-like carbon (DLC) and hydrogenated carbon-nitride (CNx:H) films deposited by ECR-CVD in either a nitrogen- or an argon-high-density plasma using one of the following hydrocarbon precursors; trichlorethylene, tetrachloroethylene, neopentane or ethylene, For clarity, results and discussions for the CNx:Cl deposits will be presented again. Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy will show that the ECR-CVD experiments so far have resulted in four distinctly different chemical compositions; CNx:Cl, CNx:H, hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) and chlorine-doped amorphous carbon (a-C:Cl). The a-C:H films deposited from neopentane and. nitrogen have the lowest refractive index and the highest bandgap. The a-C:Cl films exhibit a strong infrared peak at about 1560 cm(-1) indicating that they may contain a large amount of microcrystalline graphite. RP Moran, MB (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,CODE 4B1100D,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2475-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3060 BP 42 EP 54 DI 10.1117/12.277064 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BJ21Y UT WOS:A1997BJ21Y00005 ER PT B AU Harris, DC Schmid, F Black, DR Savrun, E Bates, HE AF Harris, DC Schmid, F Black, DR Savrun, E Bates, HE BE Tustison, RW TI Factors that influence mechanical failure of sapphire at high temperature SO WINDOW AND DOME TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS V SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Window and Dome Technologies and Applications CY APR 21-22, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE sapphire; mechanical strength; x-ray topography; twinning AB Sapphire's loss of strength between 200 and 1000 degrees C depends on orientation and state of stress. The critical weakness of sapphire occurs in compression along the c-axis of the crystal. In flexure tests of sapphire that is not subject to c-axis compression, the strength actually increases between 200 and 1000 degrees C. Compression on the c-axis causes twinning on rhombohedral crystal planes. Then twins on different planes intersect, a crack forms and the specimen is then subject to tensile failure. Doping with Mg2+, Ti4+, or introduction of a TiO2 second phase each doubled the c-axis compressive strength of sapphire at 600 degrees C, probably by inhibiting twin propagation. X-ray topography was employed to investigate the relationship between surface and bulk defects and mechanical strength in sapphire. Low angle grain boundaries were not associated with mechanical weakness. Wide, transverse scratches that are evident to x-rays, but not obvious in optical microscopy, can weaken sapphire. Topography demonstrated that annealing reduces long range strain in polished sapphire. RP Harris, DC (reprint author), NAVAL AIR WARFARE CTR,CODE 4B2200D,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2475-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1997 VL 3060 BP 226 EP 235 DI 10.1117/12.277047 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BJ21Y UT WOS:A1997BJ21Y00020 ER PT J AU Devarajan, S Ghanem, H Thierfelder, K AF Devarajan, S Ghanem, H Thierfelder, K TI Economic reform and labor unions: A general-equilibrium analysis applied to Bangladesh and Indonesia SO WORLD BANK ECONOMIC REVIEW LA English DT Article ID MODELS AB Noting the trend toward more independent trade unions in developing countries, this article examines whether the presence of unions strengthens or weakens the benefits to be gained from economic policy reform. We show that the presence of ''passive'' unions-ones that choose their wage-employment contract given the firm's cost-minimizing strategy-increases the welfare gains from trade liberalization, be cause trade reform lowers the wage premium enjoyed by the unionized sector, reducing a distortion in the labor market. These gains are amplified when the unions are ''active,'' namely, when they negotiate a contract with the firm that is off its labor demand curve. Such a contract results in featherbedding-paying workers more than their marginal product-and trade reform reduces the amount of featherbedding. The policy implication for Bangladesh-a country with strong trade unions and a protected unionized sector-is that the benefits of further trade liberalization may be greater than otherwise predicted. In Indonesia, where both unionization and import tariffs are low, allowing greater independence to unions may preserve flexibility and reward workers better than the current minimum-wage policy. C1 WORLD BANK,EUROPE & CENT ASIA COUNTRY DEV 4,WASHINGTON,DC 20433. USN ACAD,DEPT ECON,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. RP Devarajan, S (reprint author), WORLD BANK,POLICY RES DEPT,WASHINGTON,DC 20433, USA. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD BANK PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1818 H STREET, NW ROOM J1085 ATTN: SANDY KEOWEN, WASHINGTON, DC 20433 SN 0258-6770 J9 WORLD BANK ECON REV JI World Bank Econ. Rev. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 11 IS 1 BP 145 EP 170 PG 26 WC Business, Finance; Economics; Planning & Development SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA WK888 UT WOS:A1997WK88800007 ER PT J AU Buchanan, JL Gilbert, RP AF Buchanan, JL Gilbert, RP TI Transmission loss in the far field over a one-layer seabed assuming the Biot sediment model SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANGEWANDTE MATHEMATIK UND MECHANIK LA English DT Article ID FINITE-DEPTH OCEAN; WAVE-PROPAGATION; EQUATIONS AB A system of differential equations is derived from Biot's constitutive and motion equations for a poroelastic material and a model for a one-layer seabed is constructed. A normal modes representation for pressure in the far field is found ii? the case of constant parameters. The model's prediction for transmission loss is examined for five different types of sediments and compared to the predictions of a solid elastic halfspace model. C1 UNIV DELAWARE,DEPT MATH SCI,NEWARK,DE 19716. RP Buchanan, JL (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT MATH,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIE VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0044-2267 J9 Z ANGEW MATH MECH JI Z. Angew. Math. Mech. PY 1997 VL 77 IS 2 BP 121 EP 135 DI 10.1002/zamm.19970770210 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA WP814 UT WOS:A1997WP81400005 ER PT J AU Rossi, J Ritchie, GD Macys, DA Still, KR AF Rossi, J Ritchie, GD Macys, DA Still, KR TI An overview of the development, validation, and application of neurobehavioral and neuromolecular toxicity assessment batteries: Potential applications to combustion toxicology SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Colloquium on Advances in Combustion Toxicology CY APR 11-13, 1995 CL OKLAHOMA CITY, OK SP CAMI, FAA DE neurobehavioral and neuromolecular batteries; behavioral tests; animal models; risk assessment; pharmacokinetic model ID LEAD-EXPOSURE; NEUROTOXICITY; SENSITIVITY AB Currently, there are few alternatives to the use of animals in toxicology for human risk assessment. Neurobehavioral toxicology is an emerging area in which complex performance capacity is evaluated during or following toxicological exposure. While a number of single tests and a few more complex neurobehavioral batteries exist, no fully validated and comprehensive neurobehavioral toxicity assessment battery has yet been developed. The Neurobehavioral Toxicity Assessment Battery (NTAB) is a multi-test battery being developed by the Naval Medical Research Institute Detachment (Toxicology) (NMRI/TD) to categorize the potential neurobehavioral toxicity of compounds of Navy interest, especially those found in combustion atmospheres. The NTAB is intended to identify specific areas of deficit (e.g. motivational, sensory, motor, and cognitive) from complex changes in performance induced by toxic exposures, as well as to provide a mechanism to evaluate recovery of neurobehavioral integrity. Portions of the NTAB have been successfully used to assess the risk of brief exposure to low concentrations of combustion gases, including smoke from electrical aircraft fires, ozone-depleting substances and their replacements, and the novel neuroconvulsant trimethylolpropane phosphate. The goal of the NMRI/TD Neurobehavioral Toxicology Group and the Tri-Service Toxicology Consortium's neurobehavioral toxicology program is the incorporation of more molecular techniques involving neurophysiology, neuropharmacology, in vivo electrochemistry, and real-time microdialysis for correlative use with the neurobehavioral battery in human risk assessment. This overview discusses the application of neurobehavioral and neuromolecular endpoint test batteries to combustion toxicology. C1 GEOCENTERS INC,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Rossi, J (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST DETACHMENT TOXICOL,2612 5TH ST,BLDG 433,AREA B,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433, USA. NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD DEC 31 PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1-3 BP 107 EP 117 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(96)03498-1 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA WE804 UT WOS:A1996WE80400010 PM 9016744 ER PT J AU Kaufman, JW Scherer, PW Yang, CCG AF Kaufman, JW Scherer, PW Yang, CCG TI Predicted combustion product deposition in the human airway SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Colloquium on Advances in Combustion Toxicology CY APR 11-13, 1995 CL OKLAHOMA CITY, OK SP CAMI, FAA DE aerosol; respiratory particle deposition; breathing ID SULFATE AEROSOLS; PARTICLES; GROWTH; MODEL AB Fires involving modern polymeric materials produce toxic vapours and particles of widely varying composition and size depending on available oxygen and localized temperatures. Adverse health effects of inhaled combustion-generated particles depend on physiological interactions at the airway deposition site. The present work is a theoretical investigation into the importance of airway humidity and temperature profiles, initial particle size, particle size distribution and ionic concentration on airway particle deposition. A modified numerical model accounting for hygroscopic particle growth was used to predict airway deposition of 0.1-10.0 mu m mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) particles. Dynamic humidity profiles were generated with an unsteady state model of heat and water vapour transport. Results suggest that for hygroscopic particles < 2.0 mu m, MMAD dynamic end-inspiratory humidity profiles produce up to 250% greater predicted nasopharyngeal deposition than steady state humidity profiles. Assuming combustion products are hygroscopic, these results also suggest that less pulmonary deposition will occur than previously predicted. In addition, higher upper airway concentrations of combustion products may have significant health consequences independent of pulmonary deposition patterns. C1 USN,CTR AIR WARFARE,DIV AIRCRAFT,HUMAN PERFORMANCE TECHNOL BRANCH,WARMINSTER,PA 18974. UNIV PENN,DEPT BIOENGN,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD DEC 31 PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1-3 BP 123 EP 128 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(96)03500-7 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA WE804 UT WOS:A1996WE80400012 PM 9016746 ER PT J AU Ting, A Krushelnick, K Moore, CI Burris, HR Esarey, E Krall, J Sprangle, P AF Ting, A Krushelnick, K Moore, CI Burris, HR Esarey, E Krall, J Sprangle, P TI Temporal evolution of self-modulated laser wakefields measured by coherent Thomson scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RELATIVISTIC PLASMA-WAVE; ELECTRON ACCELERATION; UNDERDENSE PLASMAS; PULSES; INSTABILITY; EXCITATION; GENERATION; RAMAN; PROPAGATION; FREQUENCY AB Coherent Thomson scattering of a picosecond probe laser was used to measure the time evolution of plasma wakefields produced by a high intensity laser pulse (7 x 10(18) W/cm(2)) in an underdense plasma (m(e) approximate to 10(19) cm(-3)) in the self-modulated laser wakefield accelerator configuration. Large amplitude plasma wakefields which lasted less than 5 ps were observed to decay into ion acoustic waves. The time scales associated with these measurements were consistent with the effects of the modulational instability and the enhancement of scattered signal from plasma channel formation. C1 CORNELL UNIV,PLASMA STUDIES LAB,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP Ting, A (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 34 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD DEC 30 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 27 BP 5377 EP 5380 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.5377 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA WA093 UT WOS:A1996WA09300017 ER PT J AU Smith, FP Kidwell, DA AF Smith, FP Kidwell, DA TI Cocaine in hair, saliva, skin swabs, and urine of cocaine users' children SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE cocaine; hair analysis; saliva; passive exposure; drug testing; children ID ABUSE; DRUG; METABOLITES; EXPOSURE; CHEWERS AB The concentrations of cocaine and benzoylecgonine (BE) in the hair, saliva, skin secretions, and urine samples of cocaine-using mothers, their children, and other adults living in the same environment were compared. Subjects were screened from urban cocaine dependence treatment patients. Drug using adults had mean hair concentrations of 2.4 ng cocaine/mg hair (range=0-12.2, sigma=3.1, 15/16 positive) and 0.39 ng BE/mg hair (range=O-1.9, sigma=0.62), compared with children's mean hair concentrations of 2.4 ng cocaine/mg of hair (range=0-14.4, sigma=3.8, 22/24 positive) and 0.74 ng benzoylecgonine/mg hair (range= 0-5.4 sigma=1.3). None of the children's urine specimens (0/22) were positive above 300 ng BE/ml. In contrast, 3/16 adult urine specimens were positive, even though they were enrolled in drug treatment. Saliva had detectable levels of BE for only one child (1/17) and one adult (1/17). Forehead swabs contained measurable quantities of cocaine for most children (19/26) and adults (15/17) and BE for children (7/26) and adults (7/17). Unlike urine results, overall hair cocaine concentrations for adults paralleled those of children and a clear cut-off concentration could not be established to differentiate these two groups. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Smith, FP (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT JUSTICE SCI,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294, USA. NR 34 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0379-0738 J9 FORENSIC SCI INT JI Forensic Sci.Int. PD DEC 27 PY 1996 VL 83 IS 3 BP 179 EP 189 DI 10.1016/S0379-0738(96)02035-X PG 11 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA WF184 UT WOS:A1996WF18400003 PM 9032952 ER PT J AU Fernsler, RF Rowland, HL AF Fernsler, RF Rowland, HL TI Models of lightning-produced sprites and elves SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st General Assembly of the International-Union-of-Geodesy-and-Geophysics CY 1995 CL BOULDER, CO SP Int Union Geodesy & Geophys ID ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSES; AIRCRAFT CAMPAIGN; LOWER IONOSPHERE; IONIZATION; PROPAGATION; FIELDS AB Three different types of optical phenomena have been observed at high altitude above thunderstorms: an enhanced airglow (''elves'') at roughly similar to 90 km; a reddish glow (''sprites'') from 50 to 90 km; and an upward moving, bluish emission (''jets'') below 40 km. A likely explanation for some or all of these phenomena is gas breakdown caused by the electromagnetic fields of lightning discharges. This paper examines the connection between these fields and breakdown at high altitude, using both analytic models and numerical simulations. Included in the calculations are the radiation fields from the lightning return stroke and the quasi-static fields from the continuing current. The different nature of the two fields is shown to produce two distinct types of breakdown, with characteristics similar to those of elves and sprites. Also mentioned is a third breakdown mechanism which may account for blue jets. RP Fernsler, RF (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, DIV PLASMA PHYS, CODE 6790, 4555 OVERLOOK NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 23 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD DEC 27 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D23 BP 29653 EP 29662 DI 10.1029/96JD02159 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA WA693 UT WOS:A1996WA69300027 ER PT J AU Fischer, JW Hollins, RA LoweMa, CK Nissan, RA Chapman, RD AF Fischer, JW Hollins, RA LoweMa, CK Nissan, RA Chapman, RD TI Synthesis and characterization of 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetranitramine derivatives SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB A series of new nitramines have been synthesized. All of the new compounds possess four nitramine moieties arranged about a cyclobutane ring in a 1 alpha,2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta (cis,trans,cis) configuration. One of the new materials, 1, is unusually thermally and hydrolytically stable but sensitive to impact. 1,2,3,4-Cyclobutanetetranitramine (3) is reported for the first time. C1 USN,CTR WARFARE,WEAP DIV,RES & TECHNOL GRP CODE 4B2200D,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD DEC 27 PY 1996 VL 61 IS 26 BP 9340 EP 9343 DI 10.1021/jo9613040 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA WC120 UT WOS:A1996WC12000040 ER PT J AU Appella, DH Christianson, LA Karle, IL Powell, DR Gellman, SH AF Appella, DH Christianson, LA Karle, IL Powell, DR Gellman, SH TI beta-peptide foldamers: Robust Helix formation in a new family of beta-amino acid oligomers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY STRUCTURE; PROTEINS; DESIGN; CONFORMATIONS; POLYPEPTIDES; DERIVATIVES; MOLECULES; BACKBONE; ALANINE C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT CHEM,MADISON,WI 53706. USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 34 TC 525 Z9 529 U1 2 U2 73 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD DEC 25 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 51 BP 13071 EP 13072 DI 10.1021/ja963290l PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WA827 UT WOS:A1996WA82700027 ER PT J AU Russell, JN Bermudez, VM Leming, A AF Russell, JN Bermudez, VM Leming, A TI Adsorption and thermal decomposition of hydrazoic acid on Al(111) SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ALN THIN-FILMS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; ALUMINUM NITRIDE; INFRARED-SPECTRUM; HYDROGEN AZIDE; ELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ION-IMPLANTATION; FT-IRAS AB The surface chemistry of hydrazoic acid (HN3) on Al(111) was investigated from 100 to 800 K with temperature-programmed desorption, infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS), Auger electron spectroscopy, and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). IRRAS suggests that the first monolayer dissociatively chemisorbs as N-2(ads) and NH(ads) at 120 K. Subsequently, HN3 adsorbs molecularly in two phases, a physisorbed second layer and a condensed multilayer. In the former, the N-3 chain of the HN3 is aligned normal to the substrate surface, while in the latter HN3 exhibits a random orientation. Molecular HN3 desorbs at 125 K, and two decomposition products, N-2 and H-2, desorb at 295 and 615 K, respectively. Mixed-isotope desorption experiments show that N-2 is derived from an intact NN species, rather than from recombinative desorption of N(ads), and is consistent with the IRRAS observation of chemisorbed N-2. IRRAS indicates that the NH species dissociates into N(ads) and H(ads) above 320 K, with H-2 thermal desorption resulting from dissociation of the AlHx (1 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 3) moiety. After the sample was annealed at 800 K, N was observed with Auger spectroscopy. The partially nitrided Al(111) surface exhibits a concentric, double hexagonal LEED pattern indicating AlN(0001) islands. IRRAS indicates that the islands are Al-terminated and capped with H at temperatures as high as 700 K. C1 USN, RES LAB, DIV ELECT SCI & TECHNOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP Russell, JN (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, DIV CHEM, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Russell, John/A-3621-2009 NR 79 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD DEC 25 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 26 BP 6492 EP 6500 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA WA877 UT WOS:A1996WA87700054 ER PT J AU Winton, MJ Russell, SD Wolk, JA Gronsky, R AF Winton, MJ Russell, SD Wolk, JA Gronsky, R TI Processing independent photoluminescence response of chemically etched porous silicon SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; WAFERS AB Room temperature photoluminescence spectra from samples of chemically etched porous silicon were analyzed as a function of dopant type, dopant concentration, etchant chemistry, and etching times, In stark contrast to electrochemically etched porous silicon, no significant variations in peak location or width were observed to result from stain etching, This invariance of peak location is presumed to be due to either chemical or electronic passivation of the luminescent silicon nanostructures that prevents subsequent modification after their initial formation. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RES DEV TESTING & EVALUAT DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. RP Winton, MJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 12 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD DEC 23 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 26 BP 4026 EP 4028 DI 10.1063/1.117859 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VY894 UT WOS:A1996VY89400022 ER PT J AU Murphy, RJ Share, GH Grove, JE Johnson, WN Kurfess, JD Purcell, WR McNaronBrown, K Ramaty, R AF Murphy, RJ Share, GH Grove, JE Johnson, WN Kurfess, JD Purcell, WR McNaronBrown, K Ramaty, R TI Limits on nuclear gamma-ray emission from Orion SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; gamma rays, observations; ISM, cosmic rays; stars, abundances ID MOLECULAR CLOUDS; LIGHT-ELEMENTS; COSMIC-RAYS; COMPLEX; LINES; SYSTEM; ORIGIN; WINDS AB The discovery of gamma-ray line emission in the 3-7 MeV range from the Orion complex was recently reported. The observed Compton Telescope (COMPTEL) spectrum suggested that the emission results from the de-excitation of excited states of C-12 and O-16. We report on a search for these lines using the Oriented Scintillation Spectroscopy Experiment (OSSE) on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) during a 5 week observation in 1995 from April to June. The OSSE detectors were pointed midway between the Orion A and B radio sources in three different viewing configurations. We find no compelling evidence for line emission near 4.4 or 6.1 MeV. The sensitivity of the OSSE measurements is dependent on the widths of the reported C and O lines and on the source location and spatial extent. A point source at the flux level reported by COMPTEL and located on-axis would have been detected by OSSE at similar to 7 sigma and similar to 5 sigma levels of confidence for narrow and broad lines, respectively. A spatially distributed source of the same strength with a distribution following the intense CO emission localized around Orion A and Orion B would have been detected by OSSE at similar to 3.5 sigma and similar to 2.5 sigma, respectively. Thus, these OSSE observations require that any gamma-ray line source must be even more extended to be consistent with the reported COMPTEL intensity. C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL 60208. GEORGE MASON UNIV,INST COMPUTAT SCI & INFORMAT,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. RP Murphy, RJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,CODE 7650,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 1996 VL 473 IS 2 BP 990 EP 997 DI 10.1086/178209 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VZ151 UT WOS:A1996VZ15100038 ER PT J AU Lee, KP Carlson, LM Woodcock, JB Ramachandra, N Schultz, TL Davis, TA Lowe, JB Thompson, CB Larsen, RD AF Lee, KP Carlson, LM Woodcock, JB Ramachandra, N Schultz, TL Davis, TA Lowe, JB Thompson, CB Larsen, RD TI Molecular cloning and characterization of CFT1, a developmentally regulated avian alpha(1,3)-fucosyltransferase gene SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SIALYL-LEWIS-X; HUMAN ALPHA(1,3)FUCOSYLTRANSFERASE GENE; ELAM-1-DEPENDENT CELL-ADHESION; CARBOHYDRATE ANTIGEN; FUCOSYL-TRANSFERASE; EMBRYONIC ANTIGEN; ALPHA(1,3)-FUCOSYL-TRANSFERASE GENE; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; DETERMINES EXPRESSION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY AB Although coordinate expression of carbohydrate epitopes during development is well described, mechanisms which regulate this expression remain largely unknown. In this study we demonstrate that developing chicken B cells express the Lewis(x) terminal oligosaccharide structure in a stage-specific manner. To examine regulation of this expression, we have cloned and expressed the chicken alpha(1,3)-fucosyltransferase gene involved in Lewis(x) biosynthesis, naming it chicken fucosyltransferase 1 (CFT1), CFT1 is characterized by a single long open reading frame of 356 amino acids encoding a type II transmembrane glycoprotein. The domain structure and predicted amino acid sequence are highly conserved between CFT1 and mammalian Fuc-TIV genes (52.8% and 46.3% identity to mouse and human respectively). In vitro CFT1 fucosyltransferase activity utilizes LacNAc > 3'sialyl-LacNAc accepters with almost no utilization of other neutral type II (lactose, 2-fucosyllactose), or type I (lacto-N-biose I) accepters, CFT1-transfected cells make cell surface Lewis(x) (COS-7) and Lewis(x) + VIM-2 structures (Chinese hamster ovary). CFT1 gene expression is tissue-specific and includes embryonic thymus and bursa. Furthermore, expression of the CFT1 gene and cell surface Lewis(x) structures are closely linked during B cell development. These findings reveal the evolutionary conservation between nonmammalian and mammalian alpha(1,3)-fucosyltransferase genes and demonstrate a role for fucosyltransferase gene regulation in the developmental expression of oligosaccharide structures. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. NIAID,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. GLYCOMED INC,ALAMEDA,CA 94501. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT PATHOL,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV CHICAGO,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,DEPT MOL GENET & CELL BIOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,DEPT MED,GWENN KNAPP CTR LUPUS & IMMUNOL RES,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP Lee, KP (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,RM 228,BLDG 18,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 61 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD DEC 20 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 51 BP 32960 EP 32967 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA VZ373 UT WOS:A1996VZ37300074 PM 8955139 ER PT J AU Mott, PH Roland, CM AF Mott, PH Roland, CM TI Birefringence of rubber during creep and recovery SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS POLYMER NETWORKS; MODEL ATOMIC GLASS; STRAIN BIREFRINGENCE; STRUCTURAL RELAXATIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DEFORMATION; STRESS; VISCOELASTICITY; ELASTICITY; BEHAVIOR AB Measurements of creep and recovery of lightly cross-linked polybutadiene, carried out in both shear and compression geometries, reveal two deviations from the stress optical law: the birefringence increases during the constant stress creep, and the birefringence is not zero during the stress-free recovery. Most interestingly, the sign of the birefringence during recovery was found to be opposite to that during creep. This implies that the chain segments have a net orientation opposite to the macroscopic deformation. C1 USN, RES LAB, DIV CHEM, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 62 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 EI 1520-5835 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD DEC 16 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 26 BP 8492 EP 8496 DI 10.1021/ma9608479 PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA VY915 UT WOS:A1996VY91500031 ER PT J AU Sanford, TWL Allshouse, GO Marder, BM Nash, TJ Mock, RC Spielman, RB Seamen, JF McGurn, JC Jobe, D Gilliland, TL Vargas, M Struve, KW Stygar, WA Douglas, MR Matzen, MK Hammer, JH DeGroot, JS Eddleman, JL Peterson, DL Mosher, D Whitney, KG Thornhill, JW Pulsifer, PE Apruzese, JP Maron, Y AF Sanford, TWL Allshouse, GO Marder, BM Nash, TJ Mock, RC Spielman, RB Seamen, JF McGurn, JC Jobe, D Gilliland, TL Vargas, M Struve, KW Stygar, WA Douglas, MR Matzen, MK Hammer, JH DeGroot, JS Eddleman, JL Peterson, DL Mosher, D Whitney, KG Thornhill, JW Pulsifer, PE Apruzese, JP Maron, Y TI Improved symmetry greatly increases X-ray power from wire-array Z-pinches SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-NUMBER AB A systematic experimental study of annular aluminum-wire Z-pinches on a 20-TW electrical generator shows that the measured spatial characteristics and emitted x-ray power agree more closely with rad-hydro simulations when large numbers of wires are used. The measured x-ray power increases first slowly and then rapidly with decreasing interwire gap spacing. Simulations suggested that this increase reflects the transition from implosion of individual wire plasmas to one of an azimuthally symmetric plasma shell. In the plasma-shell regime, x-ray powers of 40 TW are achieved. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. USN,RES LAB,PULSED POWER PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. USN,RES LAB,RADIAT HYDRODYNAM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT NUCL PHYS,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. RP Sanford, TWL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 19 TC 254 Z9 272 U1 4 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD DEC 16 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 25 BP 5063 EP 5066 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.5063 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VY111 UT WOS:A1996VY11100022 ER PT J AU George, C Purdy, AP AF George, C Purdy, AP TI [2,2'-oxybis(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanolato-O)](N,N,N'N'-tetrameth ylethylenediamine-N,N')copper(II) hemibenzene solvate SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID COMPLEXES AB The title compound, [Cu(C6F12O3)(C6H16N2)].0.5C(6)H(6), forms a four-coordinate complex, with the Cu-II ion in a slightly distorted square-planar environment. The six-membered chelate ring and the co-ligand form a complex with approximate molecular C-2 symmetry. The benzene solvate molecule lies on a crystallographic inversion center. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP George, C (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-2701 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR C JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C-Cryst. Struct. Commun. PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 52 BP 2987 EP 2989 DI 10.1107/S0108270196010700 PN 12 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA WE594 UT WOS:A1996WE59400018 ER PT J AU Tokmakian, R AF Tokmakian, R TI Comparisons of time series from two global models with tide-gauge data SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CIRCULATION MODEL AB To understand climate change and to predict changes in climate, both atmospheric and ocean models need to be able to reproduce the responses of the system they are estimating. An evaluation of two related global ocean models, using a nine year time series of model sea surface heights and measurements of sea level from a global tide gauge set, shows that the ocean models satisfactorily reproduce the instantaneous local change in sea level. Sea level can be used as a tool to understand a model's ability to simulate sea surface temperature and thus influence atmospheric flows. The implication for climate modeling is that these ocean models can be used to simulate seasonal to decadal variations in global ocean circulation when coupled to high quality atmospheric models. RP Tokmakian, R (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OCEANOG,833 DYER RD,RM 328,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 25 BP 3759 EP 3762 DI 10.1029/96GL03583 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VY929 UT WOS:A1996VY92900022 ER PT J AU McGill, RA Rice, JK Baronavski, AP Owrutsky, JC Lowry, AH Stavrev, KK Tamm, T Zerner, MC AF McGill, RA Rice, JK Baronavski, AP Owrutsky, JC Lowry, AH Stavrev, KK Tamm, T Zerner, MC TI Using theoretical descriptors to model solvent effects in the isomerization of cis-stilbene SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Atomic, Molecular, and Condensed Matter Theory and Computational Methods CY FEB 24-MAR 02, 1996 CL ST AUGUSTINE, FL ID SOLVATION ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS; DIFFERENTIAL-OVERLAP TECHNIQUE; TRANSITION-METAL COMPLEXES; INTERMEDIATE NEGLECT; MOLECULAR-SURFACES; SPECTROSCOPY; DEPENDENCE; GEPOL AB Experimental observations of the photoinduced excited-state lifetime of cis-stilbene have shown a distinct dependence on solvation processes. The rate of decay, dominated by a cis-trans isomerization, is more rapid in polar solvents than in nonpolar solvents. Linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) techniques show that this can be explained in terms of polarity and polarizability parameters for the solvent. Theoretical linear solvation energy relationship (TLSER) analysis shows that this can be explained in terms of solvent polarizability and electrostatic basicity. New TLSER descriptors based on calculated solvent bond diplole parameters are also successful in describing this solvent dependence. Solvent-dependent dipole moments are calculated for an approximate stilbene transition-state geometry using the polarizable continuum model (PCM), which suggests the usefulness of a more detailed study of this photoisomerization process using current solvation theory and computational techniques. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 USN, RES LAB, STRUCT MATTER LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. USN, RES LAB, DIV CHEM, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. UNIV FLORIDA, QUANTUM THEORY PROJECT, GAINESVILLE, FL 32611 USA. RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012; Tamm, Toomas/G-5165-2016 OI Tamm, Toomas/0000-0002-5275-8580 NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0020-7608 J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 60 IS 7 BP 1595 EP 1606 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-461X(1996)60:7<1595::AID-QUA41>3.0.CO;2-Z PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA VV912 UT WOS:A1996VV91200043 ER PT J AU Huang, L Massa, L Karle, J AF Huang, L Massa, L Karle, J TI Kernel projector matrices for leu(1)-zervamicin SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Atomic, Molecular, and Condensed Matter Theory and Computational Methods CY FEB 24-MAR 02, 1996 CL ST AUGUSTINE, FL ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; SYSTEM-SIZE; DENSITY-MATRIX; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ATOMS AB By performing ab initio calculations on fragments of leu(1)-zervamicin, it is demonstrated that accurate wave functions can be obtained for this large structure by combining the results from the fragments. Input information consists of atomic coordinates as obtained, for example, from a crystal structure determination. The fragments are composed of a kernel of atoms surrounded by a chosen neighborhood of atoms. The entire molecule is divided into individual kernels and their neighborhoods are added for the individual fragment calculations on the basis of the distances of other atoms from the atoms in a kernel. The hydrated leu(1)-zervamicin is composed of 295 atoms which could be handled in full by Gaussian 94. The results of the fragment calculations were combined to provide an electron density distribution for the molecule. This distribution was compared with one that represents the distribution obtained from a calculation on the entire molecule at once. The clear implication of this study is that it is feasible to perform ab initio calculations on structures by the use of fragments. The time involved increases essentially linearly with complexity. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 USN, RES LAB, STRUCT MATTER LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. CUNY HUNTER COLL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA. CUNY GRAD CTR, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA. GEOCENTERS INC, FT WASHINGTON, MD 20744 USA. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0020-7608 J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 60 IS 7 BP 1691 EP 1700 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-461X(1996)60:7<1691::AID-QUA52>3.0.CO;2-0 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA VV912 UT WOS:A1996VV91200054 ER PT J AU Wang, WN Fox, NA Steeds, JW Lin, SR Butler, JE AF Wang, WN Fox, NA Steeds, JW Lin, SR Butler, JE TI Negative electron affinity observed in boron-doped p-type diamond films by scanning field emission spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-DEPOSITED DIAMOND; EMITTERS; GROWTH AB Field emission properties of boron-doped diamond films were studied by combined scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and scanning field emission spectroscopy. A detailed spatial correlation between field emission sites and diamond morphology, surface work function, and diamond quality can be established by this technique. A possible indication of negative electron affinity of the (111) faces near the (111)/(111) and (111)/(100) grain boundaries and high defect sites of boron doped p-type diamond films were observed by field emission I-V (current-voltage) measurement. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 CHUNG SHAN INST SCI & TECHNOL,TAYUAN,TAIWAN. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Wang, WN (reprint author), UNIV BRISTOL,HH WILLS PHYS LAB,ROYAL FT,TYNDALL AVE,BRISTOL BS8 1TL,AVON,ENGLAND. RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008 OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176 NR 15 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 12 BP 6809 EP 6812 DI 10.1063/1.363809 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VX872 UT WOS:A1996VX87200034 ER PT J AU Moore, WJ Holm, RT AF Moore, WJ Holm, RT TI Infrared dielectric constant of gallium arsenide SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The real dielectric constant of gallium arsenide has been determined at 300 and at 5 K from fits to observed interference in transmission of thin samples with parallel surfaces. Measurement was carried out over all or part of the range 30-4000 cm(-1). An accuracy of +/-0.5% is estimated based on the quality of the analytic fits and the sample thickness measurement technique. We find at 300 K, epsilon(0)=12.90 and epsilon(infinity)=10.86. At 5 K, E(0)=12.46 and E(infinity)=10.58. An analytic expression for the dielectric function is given which allows accurate values of the real dielectric constant to be determined throughout most of the 0-4000 cm(-1) spectral range. The observed ratio epsilon(0)/epsilon(infinity) agrees with the Lyddane-Sachs-Teller relation calculated with Raman values of transverse and longitudinal optical phonon frequencies to better than 0.1% at 300 and at 5 K. RP Moore, WJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 13 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 12 BP 6939 EP 6942 DI 10.1063/1.363818 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VX872 UT WOS:A1996VX87200058 ER PT J AU Mor, G Yamshchikov, G Sedegah, M Takeno, M Wang, RB Houghten, RA Hoffman, S Klinman, DM AF Mor, G Yamshchikov, G Sedegah, M Takeno, M Wang, RB Houghten, RA Hoffman, S Klinman, DM TI Induction of neonatal tolerance by plasmid DNA vaccination of mice SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE DNA vaccine; tolerance; malaria; neonate; epitope ID CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; CELLS; GENE; IMMUNIZATION; PROTECTION; MATURATION; INJECTION; MALARIA; IL-6 AB Plasmid DNA vaccines capable of preventing viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections are currently under development, Our labs have shown that a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the circumsporozoite protein of the malaria parasite elicits protective immunity against live sporozoite challenge in adult BALB/c mice. We now find that the same DNA vaccine induces tolerance rather than immunity when administered to 2-5 d-old mice, Neonatal, tolerized animals were unable to mount antibody, cytokine or cytotoxic responses when rechallenged a with DNA vaccine in vitro or in vivo. Tolerance was specific for immunogenic epitopes expressed by the vaccine-encoded, endogenously produced antigen. Mice challenged with exogenous circumsporozoite protein produced antibodies against a different set of epitopes, and were not tolerized, These findings demonstrate important differences in the nature and specificity of the immune response elicited by DNA vaccines versus conventional protein immunogens. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,SECT RETROVIRAL IMMUNOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. TORREY PINES INST MOL STUDIES,SAN DIEGO,CA 92121. USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NR 35 TC 105 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 98 IS 12 BP 2700 EP 2705 DI 10.1172/JCI119094 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA VZ318 UT WOS:A1996VZ31800008 PM 8981914 ER PT J AU Brown, SW Kennedy, TA Gammon, D Snow, ES AF Brown, SW Kennedy, TA Gammon, D Snow, ES TI Spectrally resolved overhauser shifts in single GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; HETEROSTRUCTURES; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; POLARIZATION; GAAS; WELL AB In this work, the direct observation of spectrally resolved, polarization-dependent shifts in excitonic Zeeman splittings arising from dynamic polarization of lattice nuclei (the Overhauser effect) in single quantum dots is reported. Overhauser shifts corresponding to effective nuclear fields greater than 1.3 T were observed from quantum dots in a 4.2-nm-wide quantum well. These electron-nuclear interactions are an important aspect of the optical properties of quantum dots and may significantly affect recombination dynamics in quantum dots even in the absence of an external magnetic field. RP Brown, SW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 25 TC 89 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 24 BP 17339 EP 17342 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WD553 UT WOS:A1996WD55300020 ER PT J AU Konkowski, DA Helliwell, TM AF Konkowski, DA Helliwell, TM TI Improved Cauchy horizon stability conjecture SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHARGED BLACK-HOLE; MASS-INFLATION; SITTER SPACE; INSTABILITY; SINGULARITY; INTERIOR AB An improved stability conjecture for Cauchy horizons is presented. The conjecture predicts the stability of Cauchy horizons based upon the behavior of test fields, and in the case of instability it also predicts the nature of the singularities produced. The results for Cauchy horizons in Reissner-Nordstrom, Kerr, Reissner-Nordstrom-de Sitter, Kerr-de Sitter, anti-de Sitter, and a type V LRS spacetime are reviewed. A new prediction is made for scalar fields in anti-de Sitter spacetime. The improved conjecture agrees with the stability and singularity types in all cases for which exact back reaction solutions have been found. C1 USN ACAD,DEPT MATH,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. HARVEY MUDD COLL,DEPT PHYS,CLAREMONT,CA 91711. RP Konkowski, DA (reprint author), UNIV LONDON QUEEN MARY & WESTFIELD COLL,SCH MATH SCI,MILE END RD,LONDON E1 4NS,ENGLAND. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 12 BP 7898 EP 7901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.7898 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA WA837 UT WOS:A1996WA83700076 ER PT J AU Seitzman, LE Wahl, KJ AF Seitzman, LE Wahl, KJ TI A chemical diagnostic for failure prediction of solid lubricated systems SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 22-26, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Vacuum Met & Thin Films Div ID DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; RAMAN-SCATTERING; COATINGS; FILMS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; TRIBOLOGY AB MoS2 and i-silicone coatings on metal and ceramic substrates were worn by low speed sliding, and the coefficient of friction was monitored throughout. Optical microscopy plus micro-Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy were used to evaluate the physical and chemical changes in the tracks as sliding progressed. In general, no bulk chemical changes to the coating were observed. However, as the coating was worn, chemical contributions from the substrate could be observed by Raman, photoluminescence, or both. In some cases, these chemical changes occurred prior to any significant change in friction coefficient. The potential of a Raman/photoluminescence chemical diagnostic for predicting lubricant failure is discussed. RP Seitzman, LE (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, CODE 6176, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. OI Wahl, Kathryn/0000-0001-8163-6964 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 86-7 IS 1-3 BP 455 EP 459 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(96)02945-3 PN 2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA WC006 UT WOS:A1996WC00600001 ER PT J AU Qadri, SB Skelton, EF Lubitz, P Nguyen, NV Khan, HR AF Qadri, SB Skelton, EF Lubitz, P Nguyen, NV Khan, HR TI Electron beam deposition of ZrO2-ZnO films SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 22-26, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Vacuum Met & Thin Films Div DE ellipsometry; X-ray fluorescence ID THIN-FILMS AB Thin films of zirconia-zincia (ZrO2-ZnO) have been produced by an electron beam evaporation technique. Two separate targets of ZrO2 and ZnO were used and a range of composition was selected from 10 to 60 wt.% of zinc. The final compositions of the deposited films were determined by X-ray fluorescence. Films deposited at 300 degrees C all crystallized in the cubic phase of ZrO2. The refractive indices of these films were measured by an ellipsometric technique. Preliminary electrical resistivity measurements as a function of temperature are also presented. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV SEMICOND ELECT, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. FORSCHUNGSINST EDELMET & MET CHEM, D-73525 SCHWABISCH GMUND, GERMANY. RP USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 18 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 290 BP 80 EP 83 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(96)09195-X PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA WB819 UT WOS:A1996WB81900017 ER PT J AU Glesener, JW Morrish, AA AF Glesener, JW Morrish, AA TI Investigation of the field emission current from polycrystalline diamond films SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 22-26, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Vacuum Met & Thin Films Div DE field emission; diamond; boron; nitrogen ID NEGATIVE-ELECTRON-AFFINITY; SURFACES AB The held emission current from boron-doped polycrystalline diamond films was investigated. The current measurements were carried out as a function of voltage and temperature. The motivation for the current-temperature measurements was to assess the thermal stability of the diamond emitters and gain some insight into a possible emission mechanism. Results from the current-temperature measurements found that the emission current in the N-doped material had an exponential dependence on temperature of 0.16 eV. For the B-doped samples, the emission current appeared to be independent of temperature. Assuming a work function for B-doped diamond greater than 1 eV, the current-voltage measurements revealed that the electron emission sites had field enhancement factors greater than 1000. This combined with the temperature independence results led to the conclusion that for B-doped polycrystalline diamond films, electron emission is from the valence band. RP Glesener, JW (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, 4555 OVERLOOK AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 290 BP 153 EP 156 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(96)09093-1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA WB819 UT WOS:A1996WB81900031 ER PT J AU Perry, MD Harrison, JA AF Perry, MD Harrison, JA TI Molecular dynamics investigations of the effects of debris molecules on the friction and wear of diamond SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 22-26, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Vacuum Met & Thin Films Div DE diamond; friction; debris; wear; methane ID ATOMIC-SCALE FRICTION; ENERGY-DISSIPATION; SURFACES; FILMS; TIP; SIMULATIONS; BOUNDARY; FORCE AB The friction between two diamond surfaces placed in sliding contact has been investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. These simulations show that the friction between two hydrogen-terminated diamond (111) surfaces is significantly reduced when methane molecules are placed between the diamond surfaces compared to the same two surfaces in the absence of the debris, or third-body, molecules. Macroscopic experiments that have examined the friction of diamond on diamond in the presence of debris (Hayward and Field, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., IMechE Conf: 1 (1987) 205) show similar trends. The specific atomic-scale motions which lead to the reduced friction and to the deformation of the methane molecules are identified. C1 USN ACAD, DEPT CHEM, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21402 USA. NR 39 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 290 BP 211 EP 215 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(96)09025-6 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA WB819 UT WOS:A1996WB81900043 ER PT J AU Sartwell, BD McGuire, GE Jehn, HA Petrov I AF Sartwell, BD McGuire, GE Jehn, HA Petrov, I TI Papers presented at the 23rd International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films, San Diego, CA, USA, April 22-26, 1996 - Preface SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 MICROELECT CTR N CAROLINA, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA. FORSCHUNGINST EDELMET & MET CHEM, D-73525 SCHWAEBISCHE GMUN, GERMANY. UNIV ILLINOIS, URBANA, IL 61801 USA. RP Sartwell, BD (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, CODE 6170, 4555 OVERLOOK AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 290 BP R11 EP R11 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(99)80010-8 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA WB819 UT WOS:A1996WB81900001 ER PT J AU Campbell, ML AF Campbell, ML TI Temperature-dependent study of the kinetics of Os(a(5)D(4)) with N2O and O-2 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL ATOMS; EXOTHERMIC HOMOLOGOUS REACTIONS; GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; LOW-LYING STATES; ACTIVATION BARRIERS; OXIDATION REACTIONS; LINEAR ALKANES; CHROMIUM ATOMS; COPPER ATOMS; CU ATOMS AB The gas-phase reactivity of Os(a(5)D(4)) with N2O and O-2 in the temperature range 373-623 K is reported. Osmium atoms were produced by the photodissociation of osmocene and detected by laser-induced fluorescence. The reaction rate constants of the ground a(5)D(4) state with N2O and O-2 are temperature-dependent. The bimolecular rate constants are described in Arrhenius form by k(N2O) = (5.8 +/- 1.4) x 10(-11) exp(-38.1 +/- 1.2 kJ/mol/RT) cm(3) s(-1) and k(O-2) = (2.7 +/- 0.4) x 10(-11) exp(-9.0 +/- 0.5 kJ/mol/RT) cm(3) s(-1) where the uncertainties are +/-2 sigma. The disappearance rates in the presence of both reactants are independent of buffer gas identity (Ar or N-2) and total pressure, indicating a bimolecular abstraction mechanism. RP Campbell, ML (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 58 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD DEC 12 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 50 BP 19430 EP 19435 DI 10.1021/jp962505a PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VX875 UT WOS:A1996VX87500035 ER PT J AU Foster, VJ Mathioudakis, M Keenan, FP Drake, JJ Widing, KG AF Foster, VJ Mathioudakis, M Keenan, FP Drake, JJ Widing, KG TI Fe x emission lines in solar and stellar spectra SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic data; Sun, flares; Sun, UV radiation; ultraviolet, stars ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRUM; ELECTRON-DENSITY DIAGNOSTICS; RATIOS; SUN; EXCITATION; PROCYON; FLARES; CORONA; IRON; ANGSTROMS AB Theoretical electron density sensitive emission line ratios involving Fe x 3s(2)3p(5)-3s(2)3p(4)3d transitions in the 170-190 Angstrom wavelength range are compared with observational data for a solar active region and flares, obtained during the Skylab mission, and alpha Cen and Procyon observations from the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (EUVE) satellite. Electron densities derived from the majority of the ratios are consistent for the events but are in poor agreement with the values of N-e estimated from diagnostic lines in other species observed in the spectra, casting doubt on the accuracy of the theoretical line ratio calculations and, hence, the atomic data of Mohan et al. used in their derivation. At low N-e, the present ratios are significantly different from those of Young et al., while the latter imply densities that are in somewhat better agreement with densities derived from other diagnostics. This would appear to indicate that the electron impact excitation rates of Bhatia & Doschek adopted by Young et al. are to be preferred over the Mohan et al. results. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR EUV ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Foster, VJ (reprint author), QUEENS UNIV BELFAST,DEPT PURE & APPL PHYS,BELFAST BT7 1NN,ANTRIM,NORTH IRELAND. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 1996 VL 473 IS 1 BP 560 EP 564 DI 10.1086/178167 PN 1 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VX329 UT WOS:A1996VX32900047 ER PT J AU Sen, S Sinkovits, RS Chakravarti, S AF Sen, S Sinkovits, RS Chakravarti, S TI Algebraic relaxation laws for classical particles in 1D anharmonic potentials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS; SPIN AB Using extensive numerical analysis and exact calculations we show that the relaxation of a classical particle in 1D anharmonic potential landscapes with a leading quartic term follows a lit decay law at all temperatures, leading to a logarithmically increasing mean square displacement. For leading anharmonic terms of forth x(2n) we find that the asymptotic relaxation is consistent with 1/t(phi), where phi = 1/(n - 1) at all temperatures. We briefly comment on the possible implications of this result in the study of displacive structural transitions and in complex systems. C1 CALIF STATE POLYTECH UNIV POMONA,DEPT PHYS,POMONA,CA 91768. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Sen, S (reprint author), SUNY BUFFALO,DEPT PHYS,BUFFALO,NY 14260, USA. NR 13 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD DEC 9 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 24 BP 4855 EP 4859 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.4855 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VW707 UT WOS:A1996VW70700001 ER PT J AU Owrutsky, JC Baronavski, AP AF Owrutsky, JC Baronavski, AP TI Ultrafast infrared study of the ultraviolet photodissociation of Mn-2(CO)(10) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID METAL-METAL BONDS; RESOLVED IR SPECTROSCOPY; GAS-PHASE MN2(CO)10; DIMANGANESE DECACARBONYL; RECOMBINATION KINETICS; VIBRATIONAL-ENERGY; EXCITED-STATES; FEMTOSECOND; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; DYNAMICS AB The 310 nm photodissociation of dimanganese decarbonyl, Mn-2(CO)(10), in cyclohexane has been studied using ultrafast infrared spectroscopy. Subpicosecond IR detection near 5 mu m, in the region of carbonyl stretch vibrations, is carried out using a frequency-resolved broad (> 100 cm(-1)) IR probe pulse. The evolution of infrared spectra provide information on Mn-2(CO)(10) and its photoproducts. In the terminal carbonyl region (1970-2050 cm(-1)), bleach signals are observed due to loss of the parent compounds. A broad, featureless absorption appears promptly and narrows upon vibrational cooling (on the 50 ps time scale) to reveal IR spectral features consistent with those previously assigned to two photoproducts, Mn(CO)(5) and Mn-2(CO)(9). The bleach signals partially recover, indicating ground state recovery of vibrationally excited Mn-2(CO)(10), which is consistent with previous reports of geminate recombination. Mn-2(CO)(9) signal appearance times are 54(4) ps for the terminal CO band at 2052 cm(-1) and 31(5) ps for the bridge band at 1760 cm(-1). The direct observation of the bridging band establishes 31 ps as an upper limit for the bridge bond formation. The time dependence of the signal is probably due primarily to vibrational cooling of low frequency modes. The times are somewhat longer than the shorter of two times measured in the visible region and attributed to low frequency mode thermalization by Zhang and Harris [J. Chem. Phys. 95, 4024 (1991)]. Vibrational coherence effects were observed at early times (close to the vibrational dephasing time). RP Owrutsky, JC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20034, USA. RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012 NR 44 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD DEC 8 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 22 BP 9864 EP 9873 DI 10.1063/1.472858 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA VW947 UT WOS:A1996VW94700016 ER PT J AU Szebeni, J Wassef, NM Rudolph, AS Alving, CR AF Szebeni, J Wassef, NM Rudolph, AS Alving, CR TI Complement activation in human serum by liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin: The role of natural anti-phospholipid antibodies SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES LA English DT Article DE liposome; complement; hemoglobin; natural anti-phospholipid antibody; antibody ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; BIOLOGICAL RESPONSES; PATHWAY ACTIVATION; CHOLESTEROL; RAT; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE; ERYTHROCYTES; BINDING; SYSTEM; INVIVO AB In exploring the occurrence and mechanism of liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin (LEH)-induced complement (C) activation, we found that normal human serum contained low titers of IgG and IgM class natural antibodies with reactivity against LEH, and that the amount of vesicle-bound IgM significantly correlated with LEH-induced C consumption. IgM binding to LEH was inhibited by phosphocholine and ATP, but not by choline chloride. These data suggest that naturally occurring antibodies play a key role in LEH-induced C activation, and that a major portion of these antibodies are directed against the phosphate moiety on the phospholipid headgroups of liposome bilayers. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT MEMBRANE BIOCHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 31 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-2736 J9 BBA-BIOMEMBRANES JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Biomembr. PD DEC 4 PY 1996 VL 1285 IS 2 BP 127 EP 130 DI 10.1016/S0005-2736(96)00201-5 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA VX692 UT WOS:A1996VX69200002 PM 8972696 ER PT J AU Leslie, SB Puvvada, S Ratna, BR Rudolph, AS AF Leslie, SB Puvvada, S Ratna, BR Rudolph, AS TI Encapsulation of hemoglobin in a bicontinuous cubic phase lipid SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES LA English DT Article DE cubic phase; hemoglobin; encapsulation; drug delivery; monoolein; lipid ID WATER-SYSTEM; PROTEINS; SPECTROSCOPY; LAMELLAR; FTIR AB The effects of encapsulating bovine hemoglobin (BHb) in the bicontinuous cubic phase formed by monooleoylglycerol and water was investigated with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Cubic phase was formed in the presence of 1-10 wt% BHb. Studies using X-ray diffraction reveal that at 0.5-2.5 wt% BHb, the cubic phase structure is characterized by the double diamond lattice (Pn3m). At 2.5-5 wt% BHb, coexistence of two cubic phase structures, Pn3m and the gyroid lattice (Ia3d), was observed while at BHb concentrations higher than 5 wt% the gyroid structure persists. FTIR shows there is an increase in intensity of the free upsilon C = 0 (1745 cm(-1)) and a corresponding decrease in the intensity of the hydrogen bonded upsilon C = 0 (1720 cm(-1)) as the BHb concentration is increased. The upsilon C-O-CO peak shifts from 1183 cm(-1) to 1181 cm(-1) as the concentration of BHb is raised from 2.5 to 10 wt% indicating BHb may induce subtle changes in the interfacial region of cubic phase monoolein. The bandwidth of the upsilon(as)CH(2) stretch (2926 cm(-1)) increased in the presence of 5 wt% BI-IT, compared to samples with 2.5 or 10 wt% BHb. The increase in frequency of the upsilon(s)CH(2) stretch (2854 cm(-1)) induced by increasing temperature 20 to 60 degrees C was dampened when BHb was present compared to samples heated in isotonic buffer. Analysis of the amide I band at 1650 cm(-1) showed that the secondary structure of BHb is not affected by encapsulation in monoolein. In vitro release studies showed that 45% of the entrapped BHb was released after 144 h at 37 degrees C. The porous nature of bulk cubic phase was further demonstrated by diffusion of K2Fe(CN)(6) and conversion of 73% of the oxyhemoglobin to methemoglobin after 1 h. These results suggest that the cubic phase may be useful for encapsulation of Hb as a red cell substitute and for the encapsulation and delivery of other bioactive agents. C1 USN, RES LAB, CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. GEORGETOWN UNIV, MED CTR, DEPT BIOCHEM, WASHINGTON, DC 20007 USA. NR 28 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-2736 J9 BBA-BIOMEMBRANES JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Biomembr. PD DEC 4 PY 1996 VL 1285 IS 2 BP 246 EP 254 DI 10.1016/S0005-2736(96)00169-1 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA VX692 UT WOS:A1996VX69200015 ER PT J AU Kim, OK Choi, LS Zhang, HY He, XH Shih, YH AF Kim, OK Choi, LS Zhang, HY He, XH Shih, YH TI Second-harmonic generation by spontaneous self-poling of supramolecular thin films of an amylose-dye inclusion complex SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; ASSEMBLED MULTILAYERS; SPECTROSCOPY C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT PHYS,BALTIMORE,MD 21228. RP Kim, OK (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 20 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD DEC 4 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 48 BP 12220 EP 12221 DI 10.1021/ja961890e PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VX055 UT WOS:A1996VX05500028 ER PT J AU Schwartz, IB Triandaf, I AF Schwartz, IB Triandaf, I TI Sustaining chaos by using basin boundary saddles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ATTRACTORS; LASER AB We present a general method for preserving chaos in nonchaotic parameter regions by using the natural dynamics of the system, and apply it to a CO2-laser model. Chaos is preserved by redirecting the flow towards the chaotic region along unstable manifolds of basin boundary saddles, with the use of small infrequent parameter perturbations. C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,APPL PHYS OPERAT,MCLEAN,VA 22102. RP Schwartz, IB (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,SPECIAL PROJECT NONLINEAR SCI,DIV PLASMA PHYS,CODE 67003,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009 NR 18 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD DEC 2 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 23 BP 4740 EP 4743 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.4740 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VV468 UT WOS:A1996VV46800013 ER PT J AU Pearson, DH Tonucci, RJ AF Pearson, DH Tonucci, RJ TI Parallel patterning with nanochannel glass replica membranes SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE; LITHOGRAPHY; FABRICATION; ALUMINUM; DEVICES RP Pearson, DH (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5614,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 8 IS 12 BP 1031 EP 1034 DI 10.1002/adma.19960081222 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA VZ589 UT WOS:A1996VZ58900021 ER PT J AU Raouf, RA Palazotto, AN AF Raouf, RA Palazotto, AN TI Nonlinear analysis of pressurized spinning fiber-reinforced tori SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The symbolic manipulator Mathematica is used to implement a procedure combining the theory of elasticity, differential geometry, calculus of variations, and variational techniques to derive and solve a set of equations that approximates the nonlinear steady-state response of pressurized spinning toroidal shells. The nonlinearity is geometric and the torus is fiber reinforced along its major direction. The resulting set of nonlinear equations is solved for various values of the applied pressure, fiber content, and spinning speeds. Qualitative results are obtained and linear results are compared and contrasted to nonlinear results. C1 USAF,INST TECHNOL,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Raouf, RA (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT MECH ENGN,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 34 IS 12 BP 2596 EP 2603 DI 10.2514/3.13444 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VW746 UT WOS:A1996VW74600020 ER PT J AU Nguyen, MT Weiss, PJ LaBarre, RC Miller, LK Oldfield, EC Wallace, MR AF Nguyen, MT Weiss, PJ LaBarre, RC Miller, LK Oldfield, EC Wallace, MR TI Orally administered amphotericin B in the treatment of oral candidiasis in HIV-infected patients caused by azole-resistant Candida albicans SO AIDS LA English DT Letter ID AIDS PATIENTS; FLUCONAZOLE RESISTANCE C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Nguyen, MT (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DIV INFECT DIS,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 12 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD DEC PY 1996 VL 10 IS 14 BP 1745 EP 1747 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA VY172 UT WOS:A1996VY17200027 PM 8970703 ER PT J AU Abels, R AF Abels, R TI An English empire: Bede and the early Anglo-Saxon kings - Higham,NJ SO ALBION LA English DT Book Review RP Abels, R (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU APPALACHIAN STATE UNIV PI BOONE PA ALBION/HISTORY DEPT 210 WHITENER HALL, BOONE, NC 28608 SN 0095-1390 J9 ALBION JI Albion PD WIN PY 1996 VL 28 IS 4 BP 658 EP 660 DI 10.2307/4052034 PG 3 WC History SC History GA WT684 UT WOS:A1996WT68400006 ER PT J AU Korale, ME Meiers, JC AF Korale, ME Meiers, JC TI Microleakage of dentin bonding systems used with spherical and admixed amalgams SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID MARGINAL MICROLEAKAGE; CAVITY-VARNISH; RESTORATIONS; INVITRO; ADHESIVE; ALLOY AB Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of the dentin bonding systems (DBS) Tenure, Syntac, Amalgambond and All-Bond 2 using a resin-lined amalgam technique in preventing short-term microleakage in Class V cavity preparations restored with a spherical and an admired alloy. Materials and Methods: Class V cavity preparations were made on the mesial and distal surfaces of non-carious human mandibular molars with the occlusal margins in enamel and gingival margins in cementum. Prepared teeth were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups (n=10) consisting of each DBS, no liner and Copalite for both amalgam alloys. Samples were thermocycled, stained and sectioned to evaluate microleakage. Results: The DBS-lined restorations had significantly less microleakage at both occlusal and gingival margins than the Copalite and unlined restorations. Among DBS, Syntac had significantly more microleakage with both alloys than either All-Bond 2 or Amalgambond. These results do not totally correlate to a previous study which used the same experimental design but included viscous liners in addition to the same DBS, indicating a potential difference between resin-lined versus resin-bonded amalgam techniques in preventing microleakage. C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,CTR HLTH,DEPT RESTORAT DENT & ENDODONTOL,SCH DENT MED,FARMINGTON,CT 06030. USN,SCH DENT,BETHLEHEM,PA. UNIV CONNECTICUT,SCH DENT MED,DEPT RESTORAT DENT & ENDODONTOL,CTR HLTH,FARMINGTON,CT 06032. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSHER & LINDER, INC PI SAN ANTONIO PA 9859 IH-10 WEST, SUITE 107/489, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78230-2236 SN 0894-8275 J9 AM J DENT JI Am. J. Dent. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 9 IS 6 BP 249 EP 252 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WF881 UT WOS:A1996WF88100004 PM 9545878 ER PT J AU Peters, AD Meiers, JC AF Peters, AD Meiers, JC TI Effect of polymerization mode of a dual-cured resin cement on time-dependent shear bond strength to porcelain SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID ETCHED PORCELAIN; LIGHT AB Purpose: To evaluate the shear bond strengths to porcelain and setting times of a dual-cured resin cement with light/chemical curing (dual) or chemical only curing versus time. Materials and Methods: Variolink resin cement was bonded to specimens of etched, silanated porcelain. Groups of specimens were cured by dual cured or by chemical curing only. Shear bond strengths were recorded at 2, 3, 5, 60 minutes and 24 hours for dual cured and at 10, 20, 40, 50, 60 minutes and 24 hours for chemical-cured only after mixing. Kinetic-temperature profiles of dual and chemical curing modes of cement were calculated. Results: Maximum bond strengths and time to attainment were 17.5+/-2.7 MPa at 60 minutes for chemical-cured and 26.1+/-2.3 MPa at 5 minutes for dual-cured. The peak in the kinetic-temperature setting profiles were 14.1+/-0.9 minutes for chemical curing and 52.2+/-5.2 seconds for dual curing. Dual curing provided significantly higher shear bond strengths versus chemical curing at both the 60-minute and 24-hour time periods. C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,CTR HLTH,SCH DENT MED,DEPT RESTORAT DENT & ENDODONTOL,FARMINGTON,CT 06030. USN,SCH DENT,COMPREHENS DENT DEPT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSHER & LINDER, INC PI SAN ANTONIO PA 9859 IH-10 WEST, SUITE 107/489, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78230-2236 SN 0894-8275 J9 AM J DENT JI Am. J. Dent. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 9 IS 6 BP 264 EP 268 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WF881 UT WOS:A1996WF88100007 PM 9545881 ER EF