FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Hull, AJ Hurdis, DA AF Hull, AJ Hurdis, DA TI A parameter estimation method for the flexural wave properties of a beam SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Letter ID STRUCTURAL INTENSITY; DECOMPOSITION C1 USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Submarine Sonar Dept, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Hull, AJ (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Submarine Sonar Dept, Newport, RI 02841 USA. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD APR 17 PY 2003 VL 262 IS 1 BP 187 EP 197 DI 10.1016/S0022-460X(02)01384-6 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 666LA UT WOS:000182177700011 ER PT J AU O'Shaughnessy, TJ Lin, HJ Ma, W AF O'Shaughnessy, TJ Lin, HJ Ma, W TI Functional synapse formation among rat cortical neurons grown on three-dimensional collagen gels SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE synaptogenesis; action potentials; spontaneous postsynaptic currents; patch clamp; immunocytochemistry; gamma-aminobutyric acidergic synaptic activity; mitogen-activated protein-2; synapsin I ID SPINAL-CORD; INJURY; REPAIR AB To investigate synaptic formation of neurons grown on three-dimensional (3D) colla-en gels, neurons dissociated from embryonic rat cerebral cortices were seeded onto type-I collagen gels and cultured in serum-free medium for up to 2 weeks. Double-immunostaining for mitogen-activated protein-2 (MAP-2). a neuronal cell body and dendritic marker, and synapsin 1, a synaptic vesicle antigen. was carried out to identify pre- and postsynaptic Structural specializations, respectively. MAP-2(+) neuronal soma and dendrites were found to be surrounded by numerous puncta of synapsin I in a I week-old culture. Whole-cell patch clamp experiments demonstrated that the neurons grown on 3D gels exhibit sodium and potassium currents similar to those seen in 2D culture. Spontaneous action potentials were found in neurons that had been in culture for 8-12 days. In addition, spontaneous. bicuculline-sensitive gamma-aminobutyric acidergic postsynaptic currents were also present. This is the first demonstration of functional synapse formation among neurons grown on 3D collagen gels. suggesting that type-I collagen can be a promising material for neuronal regeneration, (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP O'Shaughnessy, TJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900,4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 13 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3940 J9 NEUROSCI LETT JI Neurosci. Lett. PD APR 17 PY 2003 VL 340 IS 3 BP 169 EP 172 DI 10.1016/S0304-3940(03)00083-1 PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 669JB UT WOS:000182347200003 PM 12672533 ER PT J AU Kim, OK Je, JT Baldwin, JW Kooi, S Pehrsson, PE Buckley, LJ AF Kim, OK Je, JT Baldwin, JW Kooi, S Pehrsson, PE Buckley, LJ TI Solubilization of single-wall carbon nanotubes by supramolecular encapsulation of helical amylose SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID POLYMER; PROTEINS C1 USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kim, OK (reprint author), USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 18 TC 227 Z9 234 U1 6 U2 35 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 16 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 15 BP 4426 EP 4427 DI 10.1021/ja029233b PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 665TR UT WOS:000182137800013 PM 12683805 ER PT J AU Hoffman, ME Ohno, Y AF Hoffman, ME Ohno, Y TI Relations of multiple zeta values and their algebraic expression SO JOURNAL OF ALGEBRA LA English DT Article DE multiple zeta values; cyclic derivation; quasi-symmetric functions ID HARMONIC SERIES AB We establish a new class of relations, which we call the cyclic sum identities, among the multiple zeta values zeta(k(1),...,k(1)) = Sigman(l)>...greater than or equal to1greater than or equal ton(l)1/(n(l)(k1)... n(k)(k1)). These identities have an elementary proof and imply the "sum theorem" for multiple zeta values. They also have a succinct statement in terms of 11 cyclic derivations" as introduced by Rota, Sagan, and Stein. In addition, we discuss the expression of other relations of multiple zeta values via the shuffle and "harmonic" products on the underlying vector space h of the noncommutative polynomial ring Q(x, y), and also using an action of the Hopf algebra of quasi-symmetric functions on Q(x, y). Published by Elsevier Science (USA). C1 USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Kinki Univ, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Math & Phys, Higashiosaka, Osaka 5778502, Japan. RP Hoffman, ME (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RI Hoffman, Michael/D-9913-2011 OI Hoffman, Michael/0000-0002-9436-7596 NR 21 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-8693 J9 J ALGEBRA JI J. Algebra PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 262 IS 2 BP 332 EP 347 DI 10.1016/S0021-8693(03)00016-4 PG 16 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 670VR UT WOS:000182430300004 ER PT J AU Kilpatrick, SJ Jaccodine, RJ Thompson, PE AF Kilpatrick, SJ Jaccodine, RJ Thompson, PE TI Experimental study of the oxidation of silicon germanium alloys SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SI1-XGEX ALLOYS; WET OXIDATION; PRESSURE; BEHAVIOR; LAYERS; GESI AB We report on the in situ oxidation of a series of Si-Ge alloy layers grown epitaxially on a (100) Si substrate. The alloy compositions of the layers varied in Ge composition from 1.8% to a high of 16.8%. Oxidations were carried out in situ in a Scientia ESCA-300 system between 400 and 800 degreesC. In order to explore the transition from pure SiO2 to mixed SiO2-GeO2 films, dry oxidations were carried out under partial pressures which were varied by almost nine orders of magnitude. State of the art oxidations were also carried out in a double walled oxidation furnace at one atmosphere to compare with some of the published results. In situ oxidations and analyses were done at each stage of the process from initial cleaning to monolayer absorption and oxide formation. Films grown in the thin regime up to 10 nm were analyzed by angle resolved x-ray spectroscopy. These studies were carried out to explore the influence of alloy composition on the distribution of subbonded states of Si and their influence on interfacial properties. Comparisons were made between films that were grown as pure SiO2 and those that resulted in mixed SiO2-GeO2 with regard to the areal density of these states. In spite of the strong pileup of Ge at the interface during oxide growth, there was less than expected influence of alloy composition on the interface and some evidence that interfacial annealing was taking place. It was also confirmed that mixed oxide interfaces were poorer and more highly defective than those of pure SiO2 on the same alloy. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 IBM Corp, Microelect Div, Hopewell Jct, NY 12533 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kilpatrick, SJ (reprint author), IBM Corp, Microelect Div, Hopewell Jct, NY 12533 USA. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 8 BP 4896 EP 4901 DI 10.1063/1.1559944 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 660YL UT WOS:000181863100080 ER PT J AU Bendler, JT Fontanella, JJ Shlesinger, MF AF Bendler, JT Fontanella, JJ Shlesinger, MF TI Physical basis of fragility SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; POLYMERS; CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSITION; VISCOSITY; LAW AB Fragility of glass-forming liquids in the supercooled region is considered in the context of a defect diffusion theory. It is shown that a necessary condition that a liquid be "fragile" is that there is an attractive interaction between the mobile defects, i.e., that the defects cluster with falling temperature. The relationship between the model parameters and a widely used fragility index is described. Each of the model parameters provides a contribution to and insight into the fragility value. The behavior of exceptional cases, such as orientationally disordered crystals and aliphatic monohydric alcohols, is also naturally accounted for in terms of the model. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Off Naval Res, Div Phys Sci, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Bendler, JT (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 25 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 15 BP 6713 EP 6716 DI 10.1063/1.1566433 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 662KE UT WOS:000181945200001 ER PT J AU Zhong, Q Baronavski, AP Owrutsky, JC AF Zhong, Q Baronavski, AP Owrutsky, JC TI Vibrational energy relaxation of aqueous azide ion confined in reverse micelles SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; CHARGE-TRANSFER PROCESSES; SOLVATION DYNAMICS; AEROSOL-OT; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; ULTRAFAST DYNAMICS; CYANIDE ION; WATER; MICROEMULSIONS AB Vibrational energy relaxation (VER) times have been measured by ultrafast infrared spectroscopy near 2000 cm(-1) for the antisymmetric stretching nu(3) band of azide ion in water pools of nonionic reverse micelles (RM). The water pool radii were varied in the 1-3 nm range by adjusting the water-to-surfactant molar ratio, omega=[H2O]/[surfactant]. Compared to the value measured in this work for bulk water (0.81+/-0.06 ps), the VER decay times are about three times longer (2.5+/-0.2 ps) for the smallest RM studied (omega=1) and become shorter with increasing omega and RM size but do not reach the bulk value at the largest omega studied. Solvent shifts of the azide vibrational band in RMs have been previously reported [Langmuir 18, 7401 (2002)], and in a manner similar to the VER rates, tend toward the bulk water value with increasing omega. Studies of the VER dynamics of azide ion in RMs are used to investigate confinement effects on solvation and to explore the effects of continuously modifying the solute-solvent interaction by varying omega in the RMs. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Owrutsky, JC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6111, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012 NR 71 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 15 BP 7074 EP 7080 DI 10.1063/1.1562608 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 662KE UT WOS:000181945200037 ER PT J AU Sinars, DB Pikuz, SA Shelkovenko, TA Chandler, KM Hammer, DA Apruzese, JP AF Sinars, DB Pikuz, SA Shelkovenko, TA Chandler, KM Hammer, DA Apruzese, JP TI Time-resolved spectroscopy of Al, Ti, and Mo X pinch radiation using an X-ray streak camera SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE X pinch; dense plasma; X-ray spectroscopy; X-ray streak camera; emission line ratio calculations; time-resolved spectroscopy; exploding wires ID DIELECTRONIC SATELLITE SPECTRA; BE-LIKE FE; ELECTRON-BEAM; PLASMA; LINES; ALUMINUM; DENSE; POLARIZATION; EMISSION; POINT AB Time-resolved spectroscopic measurements of the radiation emitted from Al, Ti, and Mo X pinches have been made with < 10 ps time resolution. The radiation is emitted from micropinch plasmas with sizes of order 1 μm in times in the 10-100 ps range. Spectra implied that dense, &SIM;1 keV plasmas were produced, such as a 90 ps lifetime, 1.5-1.8 keV electron temperature and near solid-density Ti plasma. The experimental systems and analysis methods are described in detail, including line ratio calculations for μm-scale Ti and Al plasmas with ion densities of 10(19)-10(24) cm(-3) and &SIM;1 keV electron temperatures. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Cornell Univ, Plasma Studies Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USN, Radiat Hydrodynam Branch, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Sinars, DB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Pikuz, Sergey/M-8231-2015; Shelkovenko, Tatiana/M-8254-2015 NR 36 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 78 IS 1 BP 61 EP 83 AR PII S0022-4073(02)00180-2 DI 10.1016/S0022-4073(02)00180-2 PG 23 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 649TL UT WOS:000181224000005 ER PT J AU Lawson, GW Breen, JJ Marquez, M Singh, A Smith, BD AF Lawson, GW Breen, JJ Marquez, M Singh, A Smith, BD TI Polymerization of vesicles composed of N-(4-vinylbenzoyl)phosphatidylethanolamine SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID PERMEABILITY CHARACTERISTICS; BILAYER-MEMBRANES; LIPOSOMES; FUSION; COLOR C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Kraft Gen Foods Inc, R&D, Nanotechnol Lab, Glenview, IL 60025 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Smith, BD (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 8 BP 3557 EP 3560 DI 10.1021/la026975+ PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 670CD UT WOS:000182389100073 ER PT J AU Masumura, RA Rath, BB Pande, CS AF Masumura, RA Rath, BB Pande, CS TI Diffusion and excess vacancy production in Cu-Ni laminates SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE diffusion; excess vacancy production; Cu-Ni laminates ID COMPOSITES AB The excess vacancy concentration in a periodic laminate structure is examined by modifying Darken's equations for a finite sized binary diffusion couple. These equations are solved numerically for the excess or supersaturated vacancy concentration in a Cu-Ni laminate structure. A measure of potential pore condensation is also examined and compared with experimental results. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Masumura, RA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 346 IS 1-2 BP 60 EP 64 AR PII S0921-5093(02)00528-2 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00528-2 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 642RG UT WOS:000180817700008 ER PT J AU Pan, YL Aptowicz, KB Chang, RK Hart, M Eversole, JD AF Pan, YL Aptowicz, KB Chang, RK Hart, M Eversole, JD TI Characterizing and monitoring respiratory aerosols by light scattering SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE; LASER; SIZE AB The elastic-scattering intensity pattern from a single particle as a function of spherical coordinate angles theta and phi provides detailed information on the pattern's morphology. By use of an ellipsoidal reflector and a CCD camera, a single-laser-shot intensity pattern from a large angular range (theta from 90degrees to 168degrees and phi from 0degrees to 360degrees) was detected from a single aerosol (e.g., a Bacillus subtilis spore, a 1-mum-diameter polystyrene latex sphere, or a cluster of either of these) flowing through the reflector's focal volume at 5 m/s. Noticeable differences in the large-angle-range two-dimensional angular optical scattering (LATAOS) suggest that the LATAOS pattern could be useful in differentiating and classifying life-threatening aerosols from normal background aerosols. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Yale Univ, Ctr Laser Diagnost, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pan, YL (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. NR 21 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 18 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 28 IS 8 BP 589 EP 591 DI 10.1364/OL.28.000589 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 663CR UT WOS:000181989100001 PM 12703909 ER PT J AU Colton, JS Kennedy, TA Bracker, AS Gammon, D Miller, JB AF Colton, JS Kennedy, TA Bracker, AS Gammon, D Miller, JB TI Optically oriented and detected electron spin resonance in a lightly doped n-GaAs layer SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PURITY GAAS; QUANTUM DOTS; SEMICONDUCTORS; RELAXATION; NMR; HETEROSTRUCTURES; NUCLEI AB Spin resonance of localized electrons bound to donors in a specially designed n-GaAs layer has been performed at 236 MHz and 41 mT, using circular polarized light to polarize the electrons and photoluminescence to detect the electronic polarization. The polarization was diminished under the resonance condition. The electronic g factor obtained by this measurement is -0.41+/-0.01. The resonance linewidth of 2 mT corresponds to a spin lifetime of 28 ns. In order to observe the electronic spin resonance, nuclear effects were eliminated by application of rf fields to simultaneously resonate the nuclear spins. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Colton, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 16 AR 165315 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.165315 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 677TT UT WOS:000182824200060 ER PT J AU Petukhov, AG Mazin, II Chioncel, L Lichtenstein, AI AF Petukhov, AG Mazin, II Chioncel, L Lichtenstein, AI TI Correlated metals and the LDA+U method SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PARAMAGNETIC GROUND-STATE; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SPECTRA; PHOTOEMISSION; SYSTEMS; SR2RUO4; FEAL; NIO AB While the LDA+U method is well established for strongly correlated materials with well localized orbitals, its application to weakly correlated metals is questionable. By extending the LDA Stoner approach onto LDA+U, we show that LDA+U enhances the Stoner factor, while reducing the density of states. Arguably the most important correlation effects in metals, fluctuation-induced mass renormalization, and suppression of the Stoner factor, are missing from LDA+U. On the other hand, for moderately correlated metals LDA+U may be useful. With this in mind, we derive a version of LDA+U that is consistent with the Hohenberg-Kohn theorem and can be formulated as a constrained density functional theory. We illustrate all of the above on concrete examples, including the controversial case of magnetism in FeAl. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Nijmegen, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. RP Petukhov, AG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Mazin, Igor/B-6576-2008; Lichtenstein, Alexander/K-8730-2012 OI Lichtenstein, Alexander/0000-0003-0152-7122 NR 19 TC 243 Z9 245 U1 2 U2 30 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 15 AR 153106 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.153106 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 676FV UT WOS:000182741400006 ER PT J AU Rodina, AV Efros, AL Alekseev, AY AF Rodina, AV Efros, AL Alekseev, AY TI Effect of the surface on the electron quantum size levels and electron g factor in spherical semiconductor nanocrystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DETECTED MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CURVED SURFACE; DOTS; CDSE; CDS/HGS/CDS; STATES; WELLS; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITIONS; ABSORPTION AB The structure of the electron quantum size levels in spherical nanocrystals is studied in the framework of an eight-band effective-mass model at zero and weak magnetic fields. The effect of the nanocrystal surface is modeled through the boundary condition imposed on the envelope wave function at the surface. We show that the spin-orbit splitting of the valence band leads to the surface-induced spin-orbit splitting of the excited conduction-band states and to the additional surface-induced magnetic moment for electrons in bare nanocrystals. This additional magnetic moment manifests itself in a nonzero surface contribution to the linear Zeeman splitting of all quantum size energy levels including the ground 1S electron state. The fitting of the size dependence of the ground-state electron g factor in CdSe nanocrystals has allowed us to determine the appropriate surface parameter of the boundary conditions. The structure of the excited electron states is considered in the limits of weak and strong magnetic fields. C1 TU Berlin, Inst Solid State Phys, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Uppsala Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, S-75108 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Geneva, Dept Math, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP TU Berlin, Inst Solid State Phys, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. NR 51 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 15 AR 155312 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.155312 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 676FV UT WOS:000182741400061 ER PT J AU Twigg, ME Stahlbush, RE Fatemi, M Arthur, SD Fedison, JB Tucker, JB Wang, S AF Twigg, ME Stahlbush, RE Fatemi, M Arthur, SD Fedison, JB Tucker, JB Wang, S TI Structure of stacking faults formed during the forward bias of 4H-SiC p-i-n diodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DISLOCATION; TEM AB Using site-specific plan-view transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and light emission imaging, we have identified stacking faults formed during forward biasing of 4H-SiC p-i-n diodes. These stacking faults (SFs) are bounded by Shockley partial dislocations and are formed by shear strain rather than by the condensation of vacancies or interstitials. Detailed analysis using TEM diffraction contrast experiments reveal SFs with leading carbon-core Shockley partial dislocations as well as with the silicon-core partial dislocations observed in plastic deformation of 4H-SiC at elevated temperatures. The leading Shockley partials are seen to relieve both tensile and compressive strain during p-i-n diode operation, suggesting the presence of a complex inhomogeneous strain field in the 4H-SiC layer. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. GE Co, Ctr Res & Dev, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. Sterling Semicond, Danbury, CT 06810 USA. RP Twigg, ME (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 21 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 14 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 15 BP 2410 EP 2412 DI 10.1063/1.1566794 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 665DT UT WOS:000182104900014 ER PT J AU Tokmakian, R McClean, JL AF Tokmakian, R McClean, JL TI How realistic is the high-frequency signal of a 0.1 degrees resolution ocean model? SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE ocean modeling; prediction; realism; altimetry; sea surface height; North Atlantic ID CIRCULATION MODEL; WAVELET ANALYSIS AB [1] This paper describes the results from a comparative wavelet analysis of a 0.1, 40-level Parallel Ocean Program model simulation of the North Atlantic with coincident in situ measurements of sea surface height (SSH) and temperature. The wavelet analysis is used to examine the realism of the surface's variability and its high-frequency signals ( less than a year). Along the coast, it shows that the model's simulated fields of SSH are realistic with the correlations to tide gauge measurements on the order of 0.8. The wavelet spectra show that the model replicates the observations' frequency space. Comparisons of the model's temperatures to temperatures from NOAA buoys north and south of the Gulf Stream show that, while not replicating the location of mesoscale features all the time, the model's energy in the strong mesoscale regions compares favorably to data. Due to the TOPEX/POSEIDON's (T/P) sampling, which requires large areal averages and because of the model's spontaneous eddy field, the evaluation of the simulation in the open ocean is less conclusive. The model does show similarities to the T/P data at high latitudes where the sampling by the sensor is denser and also on the eastern side of the basin with its lower mesoscale activity. Spatially, there are similarities in the amplitude of the signals between the model and the observations in areas with a significant signal in a given spectral band. C1 USN, Dept Oceanog, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Tokmakian, R (reprint author), USN, Dept Oceanog, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD APR 11 PY 2003 VL 108 IS C4 AR 3115 DI 10.1029/2002JC001446 PG 14 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 669KY UT WOS:000182351500001 ER PT J AU Sullivan, JM Erwin, SC AF Sullivan, JM Erwin, SC TI Theory of dopants and defects in Co-doped TiO2 anatase SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM; PERIODIC BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; SEMICONDUCTORS; TRANSITION; MN AB We report first-principles microscopic calculations of the formation energy, electrical activity, and magnetic moment of Co dopants and a variety of native defects in TiO2 anatase. Using these results, we use equilibrium thermodynamics to predict the resulting carrier concentration, the average magnetic moment per Co, and the dominant oxidation state of Co. The predicted values are in good agreement with experiment under the assumption of O-poor growth conditions. In this regime, a substantial fraction of Co dopants occupy interstitial sites as donors. The incomplete compensation of these donors by substitutional Co acceptors then leads to n-type behavior, as observed experimentally. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Erwin, Steven/B-1850-2009 NR 27 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 11 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 14 AR 144415 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.144415 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 675WA UT WOS:000182718400045 ER PT J AU Blumberg, G Koitzsch, A Gozar, A Dennis, BS Kendziora, CA Fournier, P Greene, RL AF Blumberg, G Koitzsch, A Gozar, A Dennis, BS Kendziora, CA Fournier, P Greene, RL TI Comment on "Nonmonotonic d(x)(2)-(2)(y) superconducting order parameter in Nd2-xCexCuO4" - Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTOR; DOPED CUPRATE SUPERCONDUCTORS; ELECTRONIC RAMAN-SCATTERING; PAIRING SYMMETRY; DISPERSION; GAP C1 Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Blumberg, G (reprint author), Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 11 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 14 AR 149702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.149702 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 668XH UT WOS:000182320100060 ER PT J AU Abe, S Rajagopal, AK AF Abe, S Rajagopal, AK TI Revisiting disorder and Tsallis statistics SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Abe, S (reprint author), Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. NR 4 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD APR 11 PY 2003 VL 300 IS 5617 BP 249 EP 250 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 665RQ UT WOS:000182135400021 PM 12690173 ER PT J AU Winebarger, AR Warren, HP Mariska, JT AF Winebarger, AR Warren, HP Mariska, JT TI Transition Region and Coronal Explorer and Soft X-Ray Telescope active region loop observations: Comparisons with static solutions of the hydrodynamic equations SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; Sun : activity; Sun : corona; Sun : magnetic fields ID TEMPORAL VARIATIONS; SOLAR CORONA; TRACE DATA; TEMPERATURE; MODEL; DIAGNOSTICS; PROFILES; YOHKOH AB Active region coronal loop observations with broadband X-ray instruments have often been found to be consistent with the predictions of static loop models. Recent observations in the EUV, however, have discovered a class of active region loops that are difficult to reconcile with static loop models. In this paper, we take a comprehensive look at how coronal loops compare with static models. We select 67 loops with a large range of apex temperatures and half-lengths observed with either the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer or the Soft X-Ray Telescope. We compare these observations to static loop models using both uniform and nonuniform heating. We find that only 2 of the 67 loops are fully consistent with static solutions with uniform heating and a filling factor of unity. We further find that long, cool (<3 MK) loops are as much as 2500 times "overdense,'' while short, hot (>3 MK) loops are as much as 63 times "underdense '' when compared to the static solutions with uniform heating. We then consider the possibility that the disparity in the density could be due to steady, nonuniform heating along the loop and find that footpoint heating can increase densities only by a factor of 3 over density solutions with uniform heating while loop-top heating results in density solutions that are, at most, a factor of 2.5 smaller than the density solutions with uniform heating. Only 19 of the 67 loops in this data set could be fully consistent with hydrodynamic solutions with steady heating. Hence, we conclude that static loop models are poor representations of most active region loops. C1 Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Computat Phys Inc, 8001 Braddock Rd,Suite 210, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. EM winebarger@nrl.navy.mil; hwarren@nrl.navy.mil; mariska@nrl.navy.mil NR 32 TC 109 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 2003 VL 587 IS 1 BP 439 EP 449 DI 10.1086/368017 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 665EA UT WOS:000182105600037 ER PT J AU Vink, J Laming, JM Gu, MF Rasmussen, A Kaastra, JS AF Vink, J Laming, JM Gu, MF Rasmussen, A Kaastra, JS TI The slow temperature equilibration behind the shock front of SN 1006 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE shock waves; supernova remnants; X-rays : individual (SN 1006) ID X-RAY-SPECTRUM; SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; NONRADIATIVE SHOCKS; SN-1006; ELECTRONS AB We report on the observation of O VII Doppler line broadening in a compact knot at the edge of SN 1006 detected with the reflective grating spectrometer on board XMM-Newton. The observed line width of sigma = 3.4 +/- 0.5 eV at a line energy of 574 eV indicates an oxygen temperature of kT = 528 +/- 150 keV. Combined with the observed electron temperature of similar to1.5 keV, the observed broadening is direct evidence for temperature nonequilibration in high Mach number shocks and slow subsequent equilibration. The O VIII line emission allows an accurate determination of the ionization state of the plasma, which is characterized by a relatively high forbidden line contribution, indicating log n(e)t similar or equal to 9.2. C1 Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. SRON, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, MC 5247,550 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM jvink@astro.columbia.edu NR 25 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 2003 VL 587 IS 1 BP L31 EP L34 DI 10.1086/375125 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 665EB UT WOS:000182105700008 ER PT J AU Hoppel, K Bevilacqua, R Allen, D Nedoluha, G Randall, C AF Hoppel, K Bevilacqua, R Allen, D Nedoluha, G Randall, C TI POAM III observations of the anomalous 2002 Antarctic ozone hole SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POLAR VORTEX AB [1] The 2002 southern hemisphere winter was marked by unusually large wave activity, culminating with an unprecedented major warming in late September. This led to an similar to250 DU increase in column ozone near the pole as measured by the Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement (POAM) III instrument. POAM measurements of unusually high ozone mixing ratio throughout most of the stratosphere resulted primarily from air from outside the polar vortex being transported to the POAM measurement latitude. In the altitude region where chemical ozone loss from chlorine catalyzed chemistry occurs (below 600 K potential temperature) the 2002 ozone loss was similar to previous years up to the time of the major warming. The ozone loss diminished after this time (about 1 week earlier than usual), resulting in up to 20% less chemical ozone loss within the vortex than in previous winters. This corresponds to partial column ozone values below 600 K inside the polar vortex that were similar to25 DU larger in 2002 than in previous years. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, UCB 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP USN, Res Lab, Code 7227, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Karl.Hoppel@nrl.navy.mil; randall@lasp.colorado.edu RI Randall, Cora/L-8760-2014 OI Randall, Cora/0000-0002-4313-4397 NR 14 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD APR 9 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 7 AR 1394 DI 10.1029/2003GL016899 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 669JK UT WOS:000182348000005 ER PT J AU Prados, AI Nedoluha, GE Bevilacqua, RM Allen, DR Hoppel, KW Marenco, A AF Prados, AI Nedoluha, GE Bevilacqua, RM Allen, DR Hoppel, KW Marenco, A TI POAM III ozone in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere: Seasonal variability and comparisons to aircraft observations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE POAM; ozone; upper troposphere; lower stratosphere ID CROSS-TROPOPAUSE TRANSPORT; MOZAIC AIRBORNE PROGRAM; IN-SERVICE AIRCRAFT; WATER-VAPOR; EFFECTIVE DIFFUSIVITY; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; MASS-TRANSPORT; POLAR OZONE; SAGE-II; CLIMATOLOGY AB [1] We present Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement (POAM) III observations in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UT/LS) region. A statistical comparison is performed between POAM and coincident in situ ozone observations from the Measurement of Ozone and Water Vapor by Airbus In-Service Aircraft (MOZAIC) program, with coincidences occurring over the 9 to 12 km altitude range. The comparison indicates that POAM ozone in the UT/LS is biased high by about 0.03-0.07 ppmv, in good agreement with the results of POAM/ozonesonde comparisons. We show that the seasonal variation of UT/LS ozone in the high latitude Northern Hemisphere, obtained from POAM data, agrees well with previous measurements and theoretical considerations. In the lowermost stratosphere, the ozone seasonal cycle is dominated by diabatic descent of ozone rich air from the midstratosphere during winter. In the tropopause region, changes in the ozone seasonal cycle reflect the transition from lower stratospheric to upper tropospheric air. At 350 K, POAM ozone and water vapor mixing ratios, and equivalent latitudes at POAM sampling locations indicate isentropic troposphere to stratosphere exchange occurs during summer and fall. Variations in ozone mixing ratios are also shown to be consistent with variations in isentropic mixing at 350 K. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, UMR 5560, Lab Aerol, F-31400 Toulouse, France. RP Prados, AI (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 7220, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM prados@nrl.navy.mil; nedoluha@nrl.navy.mil; bevilacqua@nrl.navy.mil; drallen@nrl.navy.mil; karl.hoppel@nrl.navy.mil; mara@aero.obs-mip.fr NR 36 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD APR 9 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D7 AR 4218 DI 10.1029/2002JD002819 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 669KB UT WOS:000182349500004 ER PT J AU Palilis, LC Makinen, AJ Uchida, M Kafafi, ZH AF Palilis, LC Makinen, AJ Uchida, M Kafafi, ZH TI Highly efficient molecular organic light-emitting diodes based on exciplex emission SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICES; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; SILOLE DERIVATIVES; INTERFACE AB Highly efficient exciplex emission is observed from molecular organic light-emitting diodes (MOLEDs) based on silole derivatives as emissive and electron transport materials, and a hole transporting amine derivative. A silole derivative, 2,5-di-(3-biphenyl)-1,1-dimethyl- 3,4-diphenylsilacyclopentadiene (PPSPP), which shows blue fluorescence (476 nm) with a high solid-state photoluminescence quantum yield of 85% was used as the emitter. Another silole derivative, 2,5-bis-(2',2'-bipyridin-6-yl)-1,1-dimethyl-3,4-diphenylsilacyclopentadiene which exhibits high electron mobility, was used as the electron transport material. MOLEDs using these two siloles and N,N'-diphenyl-N,N-'-(2-napthyl)-(1,1'-phenyl)-4,4(')-diamine (NPB) as the hole transporter show electroluminescence (EL) emission centered at 495 nm. This red-shifted EL band relative to the blue fluorescence of PPSPP is assigned to a NPB:PPSPP exciplex. An operating voltage of 4.5 V was measured at 100 cd/m(2) and an EL quantum efficiency of 3.4% was achieved at 100 A/m(2). (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Chisso Corp, Kanagawa 2368605, Japan. SFA Inc, Largo, MD 20774 USA. RP Palilis, LC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 17 TC 130 Z9 133 U1 11 U2 36 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 7 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 14 BP 2209 EP 2211 DI 10.1063/1.1563838 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 663RH UT WOS:000182018800005 ER PT J AU Sharma, J Teter, JP Abbundi, RJ Guardala, NA AF Sharma, J Teter, JP Abbundi, RJ Guardala, NA TI Determination of radiation exposure history of common materials and computer hardware by using atomic (and magnetic force) microscopy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Defects produced by ionizing radiation are smaller than a micrometer and are unobservable in an optical microscope. An atomic force microscope was utilized to reveal their counts and structure in common materials like mica, silicon, organic solids, polymers, sugar, quartz, and calcite. A magnetic force microscope has shown the damage of radiation on computer hard disks. The present work shows that exposure to radioactive material leaves a permanent record, which can be read for dosimetric or forensic purposes by using atomic force microcopy on common objects or a magnetic force microscope on magnetic media. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Sharma, J (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 7 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 14 BP 2236 EP 2238 DI 10.1063/1.1565184 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 663RH UT WOS:000182018800014 ER PT J AU Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR AF Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR TI Ferromagnetic resonant interband tunneling diode SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR SUPERLATTICES; MAGNETIC HETEROSTRUCTURES; QUANTUM-WELLS; MAGNETORESISTANCE; SPECTROSCOPY; DEVICES; (GA AB We consider the spin-polarizing properties of a ferromagnetic resonant interband tunneling diode based on the type-II InAs/(AlSb)/GaMnSb/(AlSb)/InAs heterostructure system. The current-voltage characteristics are simulated using the effective bond-orbital method, in conjunction with self-consistent treatments of both the electrostatic potential and the magnetic exchange interaction. We find that the device can be employed as either a source of spin-polarized electrons, whose polarity varies with applied bias, or as a spin valve. For example, the polarization of electrons tunneling to the collector from an unpolarized emitter can exceed 75% in either direction. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Vurgaftman, I (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 7 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 14 BP 2296 EP 2298 DI 10.1063/1.1566085 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 663RH UT WOS:000182018800034 ER PT J AU Dawson, TH AF Dawson, TH TI Scaling laws for capillary vessels of mammals at rest and in exercise SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE capillaries; blood vessels; scaling laws; allometric reactions; mammals ID RESPIRATORY SYSTEM; BODY-MASS; DOMESTIC MAMMALS; DESIGN; HEART; POWER; METABOLISM; CAPACITY; OXYGEN; BIRDS AB A general derivation is presented for the scaling laws governing the size and number of capillary blood vessels in mammals. The derivation is based on the assumption of three idealized similarity principles known to apply, at least approximately, to resting mammals: (i) size-invariant blood pressure;, (ii) size-invariant fraction of blood in the capillaries; and (iii) size-invariant oxygen consumption and uptake, per unit of body mass, during each heart cycle. Results indicate that the radius and length of capillaries, and the number that are open and active in the resting state, should scale with mammal mass to the powers 1/12, 5/24 and 5/8, respectively, consistent with earlier work by the author. Measurements are presented supporting the results. Physiological changes accompanying strenuous exercise are accounted for by a change in the scaling law for capillary number, from scaling exponent 5/8 to 3/4. C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Dawson, TH (reprint author), USN Acad, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM dawson@usna.edu NR 39 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD APR 7 PY 2003 VL 270 IS 1516 BP 755 EP 763 DI 10.1098/rspb.2002.2304 PG 9 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 667TP UT WOS:000182249200014 PM 12713751 ER PT J AU Smith, M Collins, GE Wang, J AF Smith, M Collins, GE Wang, J TI Microscale solid-phase extraction system for explosives SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE solid-phase extraction; water analysis; environmental analysis; instrumentation; explosives ID ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTORS; ELECTROPHORESIS CHIPS; NITRAMINE EXPLOSIVES; WATER; CHROMATOGRAPHY; MUNITIONS AB A simple, semi-automated, microcolumn solid-phase extraction (SPE) system is optimized for the extraction, preconcentration and HPLC analysis of seven different explosives and explosive derivatives contaminating seawater, river water and well water samples. The microcolumns were constructed from 1/16 in. O.D. PTFE tubing (1 in = 2.54 cm) packed with 0.5-1.5 mg of SPE material, LiChrolut EN or Porapak R. The extraction system consisted of two syringe pumps, and several solenoid valves. Optimal detection limits were realized when the sample water flow-rate was maximally increased within the limits of the pump, 5-10 ml/min (despite exceeding the break-through threshold of the SPE microcolumn), and when the eluate volume collected from the column was minimized, <5 mul (despite very low recovery percentages), (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Collins, GE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 6112, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Wang, Joseph/C-6175-2011 NR 12 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 6 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD APR 4 PY 2003 VL 991 IS 2 BP 159 EP 167 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00234-6 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 664XY UT WOS:000182091100002 PM 12741596 ER PT J AU Saulter, AN Russell, PE Gallagher, EL Miles, JR AF Saulter, AN Russell, PE Gallagher, EL Miles, JR TI Observations of bed level change in a saturated surf zone SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE marine; sediments; processes; hydrodynamics; bedforms; surf zone ID SUSPENDED SAND; BEACH; TRANSPORT; MIGRATION; NEARSHORE; EVOLUTION; SEDIMENT; GEOMETRY; WAVES; RESUSPENSION AB [1] Sonar altimeter measurements of bed level change were made in conjunction with instantaneous measurements of sea surface elevation and currents at a fixed position in a saturated surf zone ( water depths less than 1 m). Two types of bed behavior were observed, classified as "progressive,'' where mean bed level showed a steady increase or decrease with time, and "oscillatory,'' where the bed level took a periodic motion (amplitudes 0.5-1.5 cm, periods 10-30 min). "Mixed'' combinations of the two behaviors were also observed. Comparisons between bed behavior and a wave-based mobility number parameter (Psi) observed oscillatory beds for Psi < 40 and mixed behavior for 40 < Psi < 80, suggesting that bed level oscillations were due to the presence of small-scale migratory bedforms ( ripples). Bed oscillations were suppressed with increased wave energy, such that progressive bed behavior was observed when 80 < Y. The increase in mobility numbers associated with progressive beds was due to the presence of an energetic infragravity component (Eu-ig/Eu-i > 1 and Eu-ig > 0.05 m(2) s(-2)) and strong mean current (> 0.1 ms(-1)). A fractal analysis of the bed level time series was used to test the hypothesis that the process of ripple migration is nonlinear ("self-organised'') rather than a direct response to variations in the forcing component. For low wave energy conditions, when ripples were observable ( oscillatory and mixed time series), values of the Local Hurst Exponent (0 < H-L < 1) suggested fractal behavior at ripple migration timescales, indicating that the process by which ripples migrate is nonlinear and is allowed to flourish when the hydrodynamic forcing is weak. C1 Univ Plymouth, Inst Marine Studies, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England. USN, Dept Oceanog, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Saulter, AN (reprint author), Meteorol Off, London Rd, Bracknell RG12 2SZ, Berks, England. EM andrew.saulter@metoffice.com; p.russell@plymouth.ac.uk; edith.gallagher@fandm.edu; jrmiles@plymouth.ac.uk NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD APR 4 PY 2003 VL 108 IS C4 AR 3112 DI 10.1029/2000JC000684 PG 15 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 667PH UT WOS:000182240900001 ER PT J AU Casalini, R Paluch, M Roland, CM AF Casalini, R Paluch, M Roland, CM TI Dynamics of salol at elevated pressure SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID FRAGILE GLASS FORMERS; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; CONFIGURATIONAL ENTROPY; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION; ALPHA-RELAXATION; LIGHT-SCATTERING; FORMING LIQUIDS; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; TRANSITION AB The dielectric alpha relaxation was measured in salol over a range of temperatures at pressures as high as 0.7 GPa. The application of pressure causes a shift of the excess wing, relative to the primary a peak, indicating that the two processes have a distinct origin. Over all measured conditions, the response to pressure of the alpha relaxation and the dc-conductivity can be described as a volume-activated process, with the respective activation volumes exhibiting the same temperature dependence. When these results are compared to published viscosity data for salol, decoupling is observed at higher pressures and lower temperatures. The steepness index (T-g-normalized temperature dependence of the alpha-relaxation times) decreases with pressure by -0.011 per MPa. Near T-g, the relaxation is governed equally by volume and by thermal energy, the usual result for molecular glass formers in the absence of extensive intermolecular hydrogen bonding. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Chem, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. RP Roland, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 37 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD APR 3 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 13 BP 2369 EP 2373 DI 10.1021/jp0267297 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 661ZY UT WOS:000181921900030 ER PT J AU Matteucci, MJ Reed, WJ Tanen, DA AF Matteucci, MJ Reed, WJ Tanen, DA TI Sodium thiosulfate fails to reduce nitrite-induced methemoglobinemia in vitro SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Emergency-Medicine CY MAR 15, 2002 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Emergency Med DE sodium thiosulfate; methemoglobinemia; hemoglobin ID N-ACETYLCYSTEINE; IN-VITRO; MANAGEMENT AB Objectives: To determine whether sodium thiosulfate (STS) produces a clinically significant decline in sodium nitrite-induced methemoglobinemia in an in-vitro model. Methods: This was an in-vitro, controlled study where methemoglobinemia was induced by the addition of sodium nitrite (0.4 mg/mL) to 35-mL aliquots of blood obtained from ten healthy volunteers. Methemoglobin (MetHb) concentrations were measured at 5-minute intervals for 30 minutes by co-oximetry, and each aliquot was then subdivided into six 5-mL samples (time zero). Sample 1 served as control. The remaining samples received serial dilutions of STS (0.125 mg, 1.25 mg, 12.5 mg, 125 mg, 1,250 mg). MetHb concentrations were measured by co-oximetry at baseline, 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes. Areas under the MetHb concentration-time curve (AUC) between time zero and 60 minutes were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Methemoglobin concentrations increased from 0.07 g/dL (+/-0.06) at baseline to 8.42 g/dL (+/-0.69) at time 0 (the addition of STS). No significant difference was detected between baseline and time 0 hemoglobin concentrations (15.8+/-0.5 vs. 16.1+/-0.6 g/dL). There was no detectable difference found between the AUCs (measured in g min/dL) of any of the STS serial dilutions or control groups (0.125 mg STS = 576.01+/-42.53; 1.25 mg STS = 573.47+/-40.82; 12.5 mg STS = 583.68+/-42.29; 125 mg STS = 554.75+/-42.68; 1,250 mg STS = 566.95+/-38.08; p = 0.81). Conclusions: Sodium thiosulfate was not found to be an effective reducing agent for the acute treatment of methemoglobinemia. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Matteucci, MJ (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 4 BP 299 EP 302 DI 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2003.tb01339.x PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 663FL UT WOS:000181995500002 PM 12670840 ER PT J AU Carrion, G Hierholzer, J Montano, S Alava, A Perez, J Guevara, A Laguna-Torres, V Mosquera, C Russell, K Cruz, C Chauca, G Kochel, T Birx, DL Sanchez, JL Carr, JK AF Carrion, G Hierholzer, J Montano, S Alava, A Perez, J Guevara, A Laguna-Torres, V Mosquera, C Russell, K Cruz, C Chauca, G Kochel, T Birx, DL Sanchez, JL Carr, JK TI Circulating recombinant form CRF02_AG in South America SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; HIV TYPE-1; SUBTYPE-A; GENETIC DIVERSITY; NIGERIA; IDENTIFICATION; PREDOMINANCE; AFRICA AB With the objective of monitoring the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) in South America, population-based surveillance studies were performed in seven countries. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, filter paper, fresh blood, and cocultivation samples were collected from HIV-positive patients from Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay, during a 7-year period (1995-2001). DNA was prepared and HIV envelope subtypes were determined by heteroduplex mobility assay and DNA sequencing from 1289 HIV-positive samples. While subtypes B and F were the most commonly observed subtypes, two CRF02_AG strains were detected, in Ecuador. This is the first report of the existence of this CRF in South America. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Natl Inst Hyg, Guayaquil, Ecuador. Hosp Vozandes, Clin Invest Lab, Quito, Ecuador. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Amer Embassy NMRCD, Unit 3800, APO, AA 34031 USA. RP Carrion, G (reprint author), Amer Embassy NMRCD, Unit 3800, APO, AA 34031 USA. NR 23 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD APR PY 2003 VL 19 IS 4 BP 329 EP 332 DI 10.1089/088922203764969537 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 672EW UT WOS:000182509100009 PM 12816083 ER PT J AU McFarland, JT Kuzma, C Millard, FE Johnstone, PAS AF McFarland, JT Kuzma, C Millard, FE Johnstone, PAS TI Palliative irradiation of the spleen SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY-CANCER CLINICAL TRIALS LA English DT Article DE spleen; splenic irradiation; leukemia; hematological diseases; myelofibrosis ID IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA; SPLENIC IRRADIATION; MYELOID METAPLASIA; MYELOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS; IMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIA; MYELOFIBROSIS; SPLENECTOMY; LEUKEMIA AB We analyzed the efficacy of splenic irradiation in a population of patients with hematologic diseases. The records of the Radiation Oncology Division, Naval Medical Center San Diego were retrospectively reviewed for all patients treated with splenic irradiation (SI) between January 1, 1990 and March 1, 2001. The charts of 17 patients were identified: 5 patients had chronic myelogenous leukemia, 4 had chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 4 had idiopathic myelofibrosis, 2 had polycythemia vera, and I patient each had idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and acute myelogenous leukemia. Patient ages ranged from 37 to 88 years. Sixteen of 17 suffered from symptomatic splenomegaly. Twenty-six courses of splenic irradiation were delivered to these 17 patients. Treatment courses generally consisted of two fractions of 50 cGy in the first week, two fractions of 75 cGy the second week, and two fractions of 100 cGy the third week. Blood counts were checked prior to each treatment. Seven of the 17 patients died I month or less after SI due to the terminal nature of their disease. Twenty-two of 25 treatment courses for splenomegaly resulted in decreased pain and symptoms. Five patients required two treatment courses for splenomegaly, and one patient required five treatment courses. Three of four patients treated for thrombocytopenia demonstrated improvement, but only one was evaluable for more than 2 weeks due to disease-related mortality. Three of five patients treated for leukocytosis had significant improvement. In general, patients suffered few significant complications from this palliative intervention. Splenic irradiation can effectively palliate symptomatic splenomegaly in patients for whom splenectomy is not an option. Retreatment is possible. Splenic irradiation is less effective in the treatment of thrombocytopenia or leukocytosis. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Div Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Div Med Oncol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Johnstone, PAS (reprint author), Emory Clin, Dept Radiat Oncol, 1365 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 19 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-3732 J9 AM J CLIN ONCOL-CANC JI Am. J. Clin. Oncol.-Cancer Clin. Trials PD APR PY 2003 VL 26 IS 2 BP 178 EP 183 DI 10.1097/00000421-200304000-00016 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 672KQ UT WOS:000182520100016 PM 12714892 ER PT J AU Pickhardt, PJ Friedland, JA Hruza, DS Fisher, AJ AF Pickhardt, PJ Friedland, JA Hruza, DS Fisher, AJ TI Case report. CT, MR cholangiopancreatography, and endoscopy findings in Bouveret's syndrome. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FISTULAS C1 USN, Natl Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Radiol Imaging Associates, Lakewood, CO 80235 USA. S Denver Gastroenterol, Englewood, CO 80110 USA. RP Pickhardt, PJ (reprint author), USN, Natl Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 9 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 180 IS 4 BP 1033 EP 1035 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 658XC UT WOS:000181745500026 PM 12646450 ER PT J AU Richards, AL Ratiwayanto, S Rahardjo, E Kelly, DJ Dasch, GA Fryauff, DJ Bangs, MJ AF Richards, AL Ratiwayanto, S Rahardjo, E Kelly, DJ Dasch, GA Fryauff, DJ Bangs, MJ TI Serologic evidence of infection with ehrlichiae and spotted fever group rickettsiae among residents of Gag Island, Indonesia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ETIOLOGIC AGENT; MURINE TYPHUS; IRIAN-JAYA; THAILAND; HUMANS; TICKS; JAPAN AB The causative agents of scrub and murine typhus are considered endemic to Indonesia. However, the presence of spotted fever group rickettsiae and ehrlichiae have not been previously described in this country. During an investigation of arthropod-borne diseases on Gag Island, located northwest of the island of New Guinea in eastern Indonesia, the prevalence of antibody to the etiologic agents of monocytic ehrlichiosis, spotted fever rickettsiosis, and scrub and murine typhus were determined. Analysis of 55 blood samples from residents of Gag Island showed seroreactivity to antigen preparations of Ehrlichia chaffeensis (7 of 48, 14.6%), two spotted fever group rickettsiae: Rickettsia rickettsii (5 of 48, 10.4%) and R. conorii (10 of 49, 20.4%), Orientia tsutsugamushi (5 of 53, 9.4%), and R. typhi (I of 48, 2.1% [by an indirect immunofluorescence assay] and 1 of 50, 2.0% [by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]). These results show serologic evidence of infection with ehrlichiae and spotted fever group rickettsiae for the first time in Indonesia in a location where the prevalence of antibody to O. tsutsugamushi and R. typhi was lower. C1 USN, Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. Natl Inst Hlth Res & Dev, Communicable Dis Res Ctr, Jakarta, Indonesia. USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. RP Richards, AL (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Rickettsial Dis Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 53 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 BP 480 EP 484 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 670RX UT WOS:000182423600023 PM 12875301 ER PT J AU Yankielun, NE Clark, JH AF Yankielun, NE Clark, JH TI Development of an instrument to electronically measure, record, and image washover of a towed body SO APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE washover; towed body; visualization AB Washover is the condition of occasional, partial, or complete inundation of the surface of a body floating in water. Washover is typically caused by wave and wind action. A knowledge of the three-dimensional spatial and temporal parameters of seawater washover of low-profile towed bodies, buoys, and other maritime towed, tethered, and free-floating bodies is extremely helpful in the understanding and improving of their hydrostatic and hydrodynamic performance under a wide variety of sea states. Here we discuss the theory, implementation, and initial testing of a newly developed electromagnetic measurement technique and system (patent pending). This system provides real-time three-dimensional spatial and temporal detection, measurement, and visualization of washover. Data can be acquired and displayed in real time, as well as stored for later post-processing and analysis. The system has been successfully tested in a seawater wave tank and shows promise for open-ocean washover testing of low-profile buoyant towed bodies. This washover assessment measuring system is expected to provide an empirically based benchmarking process for computational fluid dynamic assessments of turbulent flow around arbitrarily shaped surface-towed bodies. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Yankielun, NE (reprint author), US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-1187 J9 APPL OCEAN RES JI Appl. Ocean Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 25 IS 2 BP 93 EP 100 DI 10.1016/S0141-1187(03)00045-2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 723NB UT WOS:000185437500004 ER PT J AU Wu, C Puzinauskas, PV Tsai, JS AF Wu, C Puzinauskas, PV Tsai, JS TI Performance analysis and optimization of a supercharged Miller cycle Otto engine SO APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Performance analysis and optimization; of a supercharged Miller cycle Otto engine AB One of the major alternatives of the Otto cycle has been examined to determine its potential for increased efficiency and network power in the spark ignited internal combustion engine is to shorten the compression process relative to the expansion process by early close or late of intake valve. The modified Otto cycle is called Miller cycle. This paper deals with the analysis of a supercharged Otto engine adopted for Miller cycle operation. The Miller cycle shows no efficiency advantage and suffers a penalty in power output in the normally aspirated version. In the supercharged Otto engine :adopted for Miller cycle version, it has no efficiency advantage but does provide increased net work output with reduced propensity to engine knock problem. Sensitivity analysis of cycle efficiency versus early close of intake valve and that of cycle net work versus early close of intake valve are performed. Optimization on the cycle efficiency is obtained. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Yung Ta Inst Technol & Commerce, Dept Mech Engn, Pingtung, Taiwan. RP Wu, C (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, 121 Blake Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM swu@usna.edu NR 4 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-4311 J9 APPL THERM ENG JI Appl. Therm. Eng. PD APR PY 2003 VL 23 IS 5 BP 511 EP 521 DI 10.1016/S1359-4311(02)00239-9 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Mechanics GA 657AC UT WOS:000181642400001 ER PT J AU Bernardi, M Sheth, RK Annis, J Burles, S Eisenstein, DJ Finkbeiner, DP Hogg, D Lupton, RH Schlegel, DJ SubbaRao, M Bahcall, NA Blakeslee, JP Brinkmann, J Castander, FJ Connolly, AJ Csabai, I Doi, M Fukugita, M Frieman, J Heckman, T Hennessy, GS Ivezic, Z Knapp, GR Lamb, DQ McKay, T Munn, JA Nichol, R Okamura, S Schneider, DP Thakar, AR York, DG AF Bernardi, M Sheth, RK Annis, J Burles, S Eisenstein, DJ Finkbeiner, DP Hogg, D Lupton, RH Schlegel, DJ SubbaRao, M Bahcall, NA Blakeslee, JP Brinkmann, J Castander, FJ Connolly, AJ Csabai, I Doi, M Fukugita, M Frieman, J Heckman, T Hennessy, GS Ivezic, Z Knapp, GR Lamb, DQ McKay, T Munn, JA Nichol, R Okamura, S Schneider, DP Thakar, AR York, DG TI Early-type galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. I. The sample SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies : evolution; galaxies : fundamental parameters; galaxies : photometry; galaxies : stellar content ID FIELD ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; 2 DISTANT REGIONS; SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; SIGHT VELOCITY DISTRIBUTIONS; STELLAR POPULATION HISTORIES; ABSORPTION-LINE SPECTRA; FUNDAMENTAL PLANE; PECULIAR MOTIONS; INTERMEDIATE REDSHIFT; LUMINOSITY EVOLUTION AB A sample of nearly 9000 early-type galaxies, in the redshift range 0.01 less than or equal to z less than or equal to 0.3, was selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) using morphological and spectral criteria. This paper describes how the sample was selected, presents examples of images and seeing-corrected fits to the observed surface brightness profiles, describes our method for estimating K-corrections, and shows that the SDSS spectra are of sufficiently high quality to measure velocity dispersions accurately. It also provides catalogs of the measured photometric and spectroscopic parameters. In related papers, these data are used to study how early-type galaxy observables, including luminosity, effective radius, surface brightness, color, and velocity dispersion, are correlated with one another. C1 Univ Chicago, Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15620 USA. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85121 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys Complex Syst, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Tokyo, Astron Inst, Sch Sci, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Early Universe, Sch Sci, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2278582, Japan. Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Astron, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. RP Univ Chicago, Ctr Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RI Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; McKay, Timothy/C-1501-2009; OI McKay, Timothy/0000-0001-9036-6150; Csabai, Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898; Hogg, David/0000-0003-2866-9403; Blakeslee, John/0000-0002-5213-3548 NR 96 TC 203 Z9 205 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD APR PY 2003 VL 125 IS 4 BP 1817 EP 1848 DI 10.1086/367776 PG 32 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 658GK UT WOS:000181713100016 ER PT J AU Bernardi, M Sheth, RK Annis, J Burles, S Eisenstein, DJ Finkbeiner, DP Hogg, D Lupton, RH Schlegel, DJ SubbaRao, M Bahcall, NA Blakeslee, JP Brinkmann, J Castander, FJ Connolly, AJ Csabai, I Doi, M Fukugita, M Frieman, J Heckman, T Hennessy, GS Ivezic, Z Knapp, GR Lamb, DQ McKay, T Munn, JA Nichol, R Okamura, S Schneider, DP Thakar, AR York, DG AF Bernardi, M Sheth, RK Annis, J Burles, S Eisenstein, DJ Finkbeiner, DP Hogg, D Lupton, RH Schlegel, DJ SubbaRao, M Bahcall, NA Blakeslee, JP Brinkmann, J Castander, FJ Connolly, AJ Csabai, I Doi, M Fukugita, M Frieman, J Heckman, T Hennessy, GS Ivezic, Z Knapp, GR Lamb, DQ McKay, T Munn, JA Nichol, R Okamura, S Schneider, DP Thakar, AR York, DG TI Early-type galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. II. Correlations between observables SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies : evolution; galaxies : fundamental parameters; galaxies : photometry; galaxies : stellar ID TO-LIGHT RATIOS; FUNDAMENTAL PLANE; ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDE; REDSHIFT SURVEY; EVOLUTION; FIELD; BRIGHTNESS; CLUSTERS AB A magnitude-limited sample of nearly 9000 early-type galaxies, in the redshift range 0.01 less than or equal to z less than or equal to 0.3, was selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey using morphological and spectral criteria. The sample was used to study how early-type galaxy observables, including luminosity L, effective radius R(o), surface brightness I(o), color, and velocity dispersion sigma, are correlated with one another. Measurement biases are understood with mock catalogs that reproduce all of the observed scaling relations and their dependences on fitting technique. At any given redshift, the intrinsic distribution of luminosities, sizes, and velocity dispersions in our sample are all approximately Gaussian. A maximum likelihood analysis shows that sigma proportional to L(0.25+/-0.012), R(o) proportional to L(0.63+/-0.025), and R(o) proportional to I(-0.75+/-0.02) in the r* band. In addition, the mass-to-light ratio within the effective radius scales as M(o)/L proportional to L(0.14+/-0.02) or M(o)/L proportional to M(o)(0.22+/-0.05), and galaxies with larger effective masses have smaller effective densities: Delta(o) proportional to M(o)(-0.52+/-0.03). These relations are approximately the same in the g*, i*, and z* bands. Relative to the population at the median redshift in the sample, galaxies at lower and higher redshifts have evolved only little, with more evolution in the bluer bands. The luminosity function is consistent with weak passive luminosity evolution and a formation time of about 9 Gyr ago. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15620 USA. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85121 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys Complex Syst, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Tokyo, Astron Inst, Sch Sci, Tokyo 1180015, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Early Univ, Sch Sci, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2278582, Japan. Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Astron, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Bernardi, M (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RI Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; McKay, Timothy/C-1501-2009; OI McKay, Timothy/0000-0001-9036-6150; Csabai, Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898; Hogg, David/0000-0003-2866-9403; Blakeslee, John/0000-0002-5213-3548 NR 26 TC 219 Z9 219 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD APR PY 2003 VL 125 IS 4 BP 1849 EP 1865 DI 10.1086/374256 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 658GK UT WOS:000181713100017 ER PT J AU Bernardi, M Sheth, RK Annis, J Burles, S Eisenstein, DJ Finkbeiner, DP Hogg, DW Lupton, RH Schlegel, DJ SubbaRao, M Bahcall, NA Blakeslee, JP Brinkmann, J Castander, FJ Connolly, AJ Csabai, I Doi, M Fukugita, M Frieman, J Heckman, T Hennessy, GS Ivezic, Z Knapp, GR Lamb, DQ McKay, T Munn, JA Nichol, R Okamura, S Schneider, DP Thakar, AR York, DG AF Bernardi, M Sheth, RK Annis, J Burles, S Eisenstein, DJ Finkbeiner, DP Hogg, DW Lupton, RH Schlegel, DJ SubbaRao, M Bahcall, NA Blakeslee, JP Brinkmann, J Castander, FJ Connolly, AJ Csabai, I Doi, M Fukugita, M Frieman, J Heckman, T Hennessy, GS Ivezic, Z Knapp, GR Lamb, DQ McKay, T Munn, JA Nichol, R Okamura, S Schneider, DP Thakar, AR York, DG TI Early-type galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. III. The fundamental plane SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies : evolution; galaxies : fundamental parameters; galaxies : photometry; galaxies : stellar content ID FIELD ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; 2 DISTANT REGIONS; INTERMEDIATE REDSHIFT; LUMINOSITY EVOLUTION; PECULIAR VELOCITIES; CLUSTER E; SPECTROSCOPY; BRIGHTNESS; PHOTOMETRY; MOTIONS AB A magnitude-limited sample of nearly 9000 early-type galaxies in the redshift range 0.01 less than or equal to z less than or equal to 0.3 was selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) using morphological and spectral criteria. The fundamental plane relation in this sample is R(o) proportional to sigma(1.49+/-0.05)I(o)(-0.75+/-0.01) in the r* band. It is approximately the same in the g*, i*, and z* bands. Relative to the population at the median redshift in the sample, galaxies at lower and higher redshifts have evolved only a little. If the fundamental plane is used to quantify this evolution, then the apparent magnitude limit can masquerade as evolution; once this selection effect has been accounted for, the evolution is consistent with that of a passively evolving population that formed the bulk of its stars about 9 Gyr ago. One of the principal advantages of the SDSS sample over previous samples is that the galaxies in it lie in environments ranging from isolation in the field to the dense cores of clusters. The fundamental plane shows that galaxies in dense regions are slightly different from galaxies in less dense regions. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15620 USA. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85121 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys Complex Syst, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Tokyo, Sch Sci, Inst Astron, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Sch Sci, Res Ctr Early Universe, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Astron, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Bernardi, M (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RI Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; McKay, Timothy/C-1501-2009; OI McKay, Timothy/0000-0001-9036-6150; Csabai, Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898; Hogg, David/0000-0003-2866-9403; Blakeslee, John/0000-0002-5213-3548 NR 29 TC 237 Z9 240 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD APR PY 2003 VL 125 IS 4 BP 1866 EP 1881 DI 10.1086/367794 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 658GK UT WOS:000181713100018 ER PT J AU Bernardi, M Sheth, RK Annis, J Burles, S Finkbeiner, DP Lupton, RH Schlegel, DJ SubbaRao, M Bahcall, NA Blakeslee, JP Brinkmann, J Castander, FJ Connolly, AJ Csabai, I Doi, M Fukugita, M Frieman, J Heckman, T Hennessy, GS Ivezic, Z Knapp, GR Lamb, DQ McKay, T Munn, JA Nichol, R Okamura, S Schneider, DP Thakar, AR York, DG AF Bernardi, M Sheth, RK Annis, J Burles, S Finkbeiner, DP Lupton, RH Schlegel, DJ SubbaRao, M Bahcall, NA Blakeslee, JP Brinkmann, J Castander, FJ Connolly, AJ Csabai, I Doi, M Fukugita, M Frieman, J Heckman, T Hennessy, GS Ivezic, Z Knapp, GR Lamb, DQ McKay, T Munn, JA Nichol, R Okamura, S Schneider, DP Thakar, AR York, DG TI Early-type galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. IV. Colors and chemical evolution SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies : evolution; galaxies : fundamental parameters; galaxies : photometry; galaxies : stellar content ID STELLAR POPULATION HISTORIES; ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDE RELATION; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; FUNDAMENTAL PLANE; PRECISION PHOTOMETRY; VIRGO CLUSTERS; S0 GALAXIES; METALLICITY; UNIVERSALITY; PARAMETERS AB The colors and chemical abundances of early-type galaxies at redshifts z < 0.3 are studied using a sample of nearly 9000 galaxies, selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey using morphological and spectral criteria. In this sample, redder galaxies have larger velocity dispersions: g*-r* proportional to sigma(0.26+/-0.02). Color also correlates with magnitude, g* - r* proportional to (-0.025+/-0.003) Mr(*), and size, but these correlations are entirely due to the L-sigma and R(o)-sigma relations: the primary correlation is color-sigma. The red light in early-type galaxies is, on average, slightly more centrally concentrated than the blue. Because of these color gradients, the strength of the color-magnitude relation depends on whether or not the colors are defined using a fixed metric aperture; the color-sigma relation is less sensitive to this choice. Chemical evolution and star formation histories of early-type galaxies are investigated using co-added spectra of similar objects. The resulting library of co-added spectra contains spectra that represent a wide range of early-type galaxies. Chemical abundances correlate primarily with velocity dispersion: H beta proportional to sigma(-0.24+/-0.03), Mg(2) proportional to sigma(0.20+/-0.02), Mg b proportional to sigma(0.32+/-0.03), and [Fe] proportional to sigma(0.11+/-0.03). At fixed sigma, the population at z similar to 0.2 had weaker Mg(2) and stronger H beta absorption compared to the population at z similar to 0. It was also bluer. Comparison of these colors and line strengths and their evolution with single-burst stellar population models suggests a formation time of 9 Gyr ago, consistent with a fundamental plane analysis of this sample. Although the fundamental plane shows that galaxies in dense regions are slightly different from galaxies in less dense regions, the co-added spectra and color-magnitude relations show no statistically significant dependence on environment. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15620 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys Complex Syst, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Tokyo, Sch Sci, Inst Astron, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Sch Sci, Res Ctr Early Universe, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Astron, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Bernardi, M (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RI Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; McKay, Timothy/C-1501-2009; OI McKay, Timothy/0000-0001-9036-6150; Csabai, Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898; Blakeslee, John/0000-0002-5213-3548 NR 36 TC 168 Z9 169 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD APR PY 2003 VL 125 IS 4 BP 1882 EP 1896 DI 10.1086/367795 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 658GK UT WOS:000181713100019 ER PT J AU Muglach, K AF Muglach, K TI Dynamics of solar active regions - I. Photospheric and chromospheric oscillations observed with TRACE SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Sun : general; Sun : chromosphere; Sun : oscillations; Sun : activity ID ACOUSTIC-GRAVITY WAVES; STOKES-V PROFILES; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; QUIET SUN; FLUX TUBES; P-MODES; SUNSPOTS; GRAINS; SPECTRA; NETWORK AB I present results of an international joint observing campaign, which was carried out in September 1999 and 2000, to study the oscillatory behaviour of active regions (ARs). In this contribution I will concentrate on oscillations in the higher layers of the solar atmosphere as observed with the UV filters of the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer ( TRACE). I present the distribution of oscillatory power of two extended active regions. I find a number of well-known chromospheric dynamic phenomena such as running penumbral waves, enhanced 5 min power in the plage and network regions and additional 3 min power in the internetwork. In addition, I find that the 3 min power in the surroundings of the AR is decreased, an effect that has not been observed before. From the topology of the magnetic field I infer that this can be explained by an interaction of the acoustic wavefield with the expanding magnetic field of the active region. C1 Astrophys Inst Potsdam, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. RP USN, Artep Inc, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM muglach@solphys.nrl.navy.mil NR 60 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2003 VL 401 IS 2 BP 685 EP 697 DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20021901 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 658EN UT WOS:000181708800032 ER PT J AU Farr, RW Kane, PD AF Farr, RW Kane, PD TI Hepatitis in aviation personnel SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE hepatitis B; hepatitis C; chronic hepatitis ID UNITED-STATES-NAVY; VIRAL-HEPATITIS AB Background: This study examines the specific etiologies and aeromedical outcomes of naval aviation personnel with hepatitis. Methods: We searched the Biomedical Database of the Naval Aerospace Medical Institute for waiver requests for hepatitis. We reviewed the records for specific etiologies, possible risk factors, and the aeromedical outcomes of aviators who received waivers for chronic hepatitis. Results: We examined 48 initial and 95 follow-up waiver requests for hepatitis for naval aviation personnel from July 1988 to May 2001. Initial waiver requests were for chronic hepatitis C (HCV) in 23 (47.9%), chronic hepatitis B in 17 (35.4%), and other etiologies in 8 (16.7%). Asian Americans, who comprise 2% of the aviator population in the Biomedical Database, accounted for a disproportionate number of waiver requests for hepatitis: 7 (14.6%) of the total and 6 (35.3%,) of the aviators with HBV. Of the 48 aviators with hepatitis, waivers were granted in 32 (66.7%) cases, all of whom were asymptomatic. Waivers were denied to 16 (33.3%) aviators. One aviator with Hodgkin's disease in remission and one aviator with chronic HCV who became asymptomatic after treatment with interferon later received waivers for a total of 34 (70.8%) waivers. Two waivers were later revoked because of symptomatic HCV requiring interferon in one and incomplete physical exam in another. Conclusions: Aviation personnel who receive waivers for asymptomatic hepatitis occasionally present with symptomatic hepatitis, but most waiver recipients remain asymptomatic during their aviation careers. C1 USN, Aerosp Med Inst, Pensacola, FL USA. RP Farr, RW (reprint author), USS Harry S Truman, CVN-75, FPO, AE 09524 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 4 BP 354 EP 356 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 662KL UT WOS:000181945800010 PM 12688455 ER PT J AU Warner, HD AF Warner, HD TI Unmanned aerial vehicle ground control stations: Design issues, recommendations, and concepts SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN, Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Warner, HD (reprint author), USN, Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 4 BP 487 EP 488 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 662KL UT WOS:000181945800013 PM 12688458 ER PT J AU Jacobson, A Swain, GW Little, B Putnam, M AF Jacobson, A Swain, GW Little, B Putnam, M TI 12th International Congress on Marine Corrosion and Fouling - July 2004, Southampton, UK - Preface SO BIOFOULING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Rohm & Haas Co, Spring House, PA 19477 USA. Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. USN, SSC SD, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 1 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7014 J9 BIOFOULING JI Biofouling PD APR PY 2003 VL 19 SU S BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1080/0892701031000072208 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 662ZN UT WOS:000181980400001 ER PT J AU Schultz, MP Finlay, JA Callow, ME Callow, JA AF Schultz, MP Finlay, JA Callow, ME Callow, JA TI Three models to relate detachment of low form fouling at laboratory and ship scale SO BIOFOULING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Congress on Marine Corrosion and Fouling CY JUL, 2002 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP COIPM, USN Off Naval Res, Rohm & Hass Co, Florida Inst Technol, European Copper Antifouling Task Force, Arch Chem Inc, Hempels Marine Paints AS, Int Paint Inc, Jotun Paints AS, Sherwin Williams Co, US Coast Guard, Taylor & Francis Ltd, Poseidon Ocean Sci Inc DE adhesion strength; turbulent channel flow; shear stress; microfouling; fouling-release coatings; Enteromorpha; biofouling ID ADHESION STRENGTH; ENTEROMORPHA AB Since fouling-release coating systems do not prevent settlement, various methods to quantify the tenacity of adhesion of fouling organisms on these systems have been offered. One such method is the turbulent channel flow apparatus. The question. remains how the results from laboratory scale tests refute to the self-cleaning of a ship coated with a fouling-release surface. This paper relates the detachment strength of low form fouling determined in the laboratory using a turbulent channel flow to. the conditions necessary for detachment of these. organisms in a turbulent boundary layer at ship scale. A power-law formula, the ITTC-57 formula, and a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model are used to predict the skin-friction at ship scale. The results from. all three methods, show good agreement and are illustrated using turbulent-channel flow data for sporelings of the green macrofouling alga Enteromorpha growing on a fouling-release coating. C1 USN Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Univ Birmingham, Sch Biosci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. EM mschultz@usna.edu RI Callow, Maureen/A-2684-2008; Schultz, Michael/C-3670-2008 NR 19 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7014 EI 1029-2454 J9 BIOFOULING JI Biofouling PD APR PY 2003 VL 19 SU S BP 17 EP 26 DI 10.1080/0892701031000089516 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 662ZN UT WOS:000181980400003 PM 14618700 ER PT J AU Brady, RF Aronson, CL AF Brady, RF Aronson, CL TI Elastomeric fluorinated polyurethane coatings for nontoxic fouling control SO BIOFOULING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Congress on Marine Corrosion and Fouling CY JUL, 2002 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP COIPM, USN Off Naval Res, Rohm & Hass Co, Florida Inst Technol, European Copper Antifouling Task Force, Arch Chem Inc, Hempels Marine Paints AS, Int Paint Inc, Jotun Paints AS, Sherwin Williams Co, US Coast Guard, Taylor & Francis Ltd, Poseidon Ocean Sci Inc DE adhesion; elastic modulus; elastomeric coating; marine fouling; fracture; fluoropolymer; peel; surface energy ID INTERFACIAL SLIPPAGE; ADHESION AB Nontoxic antifouling coatings have been investigated for many years as possible successors to toxic antifouling paints. Polymers containing fluorine or silicone have been tested and each has been shown to be partially effective for different reasons. This paper describes a new coating which combines the best features of fluorinated and silicone coatings and is non-toxic. Four fluorinated elastomers were prepared and tested for fouling resistance during a full fouling season. The surface energy and mechanical properties of each polymer were measured and correlated to fouling performance. One of the elastomers. was shown to foul slowly, clean easily, be durable in the marine environment and organisms bonded to it only weakly. The surface energy, elastic modulus, and thickness of the elastomer may be varied as desired over wide ranges to meet differing performance requirements. C1 USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 15 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7014 J9 BIOFOULING JI Biofouling PD APR PY 2003 VL 19 SU S BP 59 EP 62 DI 10.1080/0892701031000061741 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 662ZN UT WOS:000181980400008 PM 14618705 ER PT J AU Lee, JS Ray, RI Lowe, KL Jones-Meehan, J Little, BJ AF Lee, JS Ray, RI Lowe, KL Jones-Meehan, J Little, BJ TI An evaluation of microbial growth and corrosion of 316L SS in glycol/seawater mixtures SO BIOFOULING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Congress on Marine Corrosion and Fouling CY JUL, 2002 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP COIPM, USN Off Naval Res, Rohm & Hass Co, Florida Inst Technol, European Copper Antifouling Task Force, Arch Chem Inc, Hempels Marine Paints AS, Int Paint Inc, Jotun Paints AS, Sherwin Williams Co, US Coast Guard, Taylor & Francis Ltd, Poseidon Ocean Sci Inc DE ethylene glycol; propylene glycol; engine coolants; bacterial degradation; seawater, anodic polarization; stainless steel; pitting corrosion ID POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; BACTERIAL METABOLISM; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; ETHYLENE-GLYCOL; DEGRADATION; BIODEGRADATION AB Glycol/seawater mixtures containing >50% glycol inhibit corrosion of 316L stainless steel and do not support bacterial growth. The results indicate bacteria are able to use low concentrations of glycol (10%) as a growth medium, but bacterial growth decreased with increasing glycol concentration. Pitting potential, determined by anodic polarization, was used to evaluate susceptibility of 316L SS to corrosion in seawater-contaminated glycol. Mixture containing a minimum concentration of 50% propylene glycol-based coolant inhibited pitting corrosion. A slightly higher minimum concentration (55%) was needed for corrosion protection in ethylene glycol mixtures. C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7014 J9 BIOFOULING JI Biofouling PD APR PY 2003 VL 19 SU S BP 151 EP 160 DI 10.1080/0892701031000078149 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 662ZN UT WOS:000181980400019 PM 14618716 ER PT J AU Araneta, MRG Schlangen, KM Edmonds, LD Destiche, DA Merz, RD Hobbs, CA Flood, TJ Harris, JA Krishnamurti, D Gray, GC AF Araneta, MRG Schlangen, KM Edmonds, LD Destiche, DA Merz, RD Hobbs, CA Flood, TJ Harris, JA Krishnamurti, D Gray, GC TI Prevalence of birth defects among infants of gulf war veterans in Arkansas, Arizona, California, Georgia, Hawaii, and Iowa, 1989-1993 SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aortic valve stenosis; birth defects; Gulf War veterans; hypospadias; Persian Gulf War; renal agenesis or hypoplasia; tricuspid valve insufficiency; tricuspid valve regurgitation ID PATERNAL EXPOSURES; RISK; HYPOSPADIAS; CRYPTORCHIDISM; CHILDREN; BORN; PREGNANCY AB BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies of birth defects among infants of Gulf War veterans (GWV) have been limited to military hospitals, anomalies diagnosed among newborns, or self-reported data. This study was conducted to measure the prevalence of birth defects among infants of GWVs and nondeployed veterans (NDV) in states that conducted active case ascertainment of birth defects between 1989-93. METHODS: Military records of 684,645 GWVs and 1,587,102 NDVs were electronically linked with 2,314,908 birth certificates from Arizona, Hawaii, Iowa, and selected counties of Arkansas, California, and Georgia; 11,961 GWV infants and 33,052 NDV infants were identified. Of these, 450 infants had mothers who served in the Gulf War, and 3966 had NDV mothers. RESULTS: Infants conceived postwar to male GWVs had significantly higher prevalence of tricuspid valve insufficiency (relative risk [RR], 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-6.6; p = 0.039) and aortic valve stenosis (RR, 6.0; 95% Cl, 1.2-31.0; p 0.026) compared to infants conceived postwar to NDV males. Among infants of male GWVs, aortic valve stenosis (RR, 16.3; 95% Cl, 0.09-294; p = 0.011) and renal agenesis or hypoplasia (RR, 16.3; 95% Cl, 0.09-294; p = 0.011) were significantly higher among infants conceived postwar than prewar. Hypospadias was significantly higher among infant sons conceived postwar to GWV women compared to NDV women (RR, 6.3; 95% Cl, 1.5-26.3; p - 0.015). CONCLUSION: We observed a higher prevalence of tricuspid valve insufficiency, aortic valve stenosis, and renal agenesis or hypoplasia among infants conceived postwar to GWV men, and a higher prevalence of hypospadias among infants conceived postwar to female GWVs. We did not have the ability to determine if the excess was caused by inherited or environmental factors, or was due to chance because of myriad reasons, including multiple comparisons. Although the statistical power was sufficient to compare the combined birth defects prevalence, larger sample sizes were needed for less frequent individual component defects. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Birth Defects & Pediat Genet Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Hawaii Birth Defects Program, Honolulu, HI USA. Arkansas Reprod Hlth Monitoring Syst, Little Rock, AR USA. Arizona Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Phoenix, AZ USA. California Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Emeryville, CA USA. Iowa Birth Defects Registry, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Araneta, MRG (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, 9500 Gilman Dr,0607 Stein Clin Res Bldg,Room 349, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 36 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1542-0752 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 4 BP 246 EP 260 DI 10.1002/bdra.10033 PG 15 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 720XE UT WOS:000185286800005 PM 12854660 ER PT J AU Gagne, PJ Newman, JB Muhs, BE AF Gagne, PJ Newman, JB Muhs, BE TI Ischemia due to peripartum cardiomyopathy threatening loss of a leg SO CARDIOLOGY IN THE YOUNG LA English DT Article DE embolism; arterial ischemia; thrombus ID EMBOLISM AB Ischemia of the leg in a peripartum female is an uncommon condition. Paradoxical arterial embolisation, and arterial dissection, are rarely encountered but recognized causes of this clinical condition. Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a rare life-threatening cardiac condition that can foster intracardiac thrombosis and produce peripheral vascular complications through embolization. We present here the case of a young, healthy, postpartum female who developed acute ischemia of the left leg, and asymptomatic arterial insufficiency of the right lower leg, as the presenting symptoms of peripartum cardiomyopathy, highlighting the fact that ischemia threatening the loss of a limb can be the initial manifestation of peripartum cardiomyopathy. C1 USN, Ctr Med, Dept Gen Surg, Portsmouth, VA USA. USN, Ctr Med, Dept Vasc Surg, Portsmouth, VA USA. NYU Med Ctr, Div Vasc Surg, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Gagne, PJ (reprint author), Univ Vasc Associates, 530 1st Ave,Suite 6F, New York, NY 10016 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU GREENWICH MEDICAL MEDIA LTD PI LONDON PA 137 EUSTON RD, 4TH FLOOR, LONDON NW1 2AA, ENGLAND SN 1047-9511 J9 CARDIOL YOUNG JI Cardiol. Young PD APR PY 2003 VL 13 IS 2 BP 209 EP 211 DI 10.1017/S1047951103000416 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Pediatrics SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Pediatrics GA 694ZH UT WOS:000183805400019 PM 12887083 ER PT J AU Clinton, TS Cooke, LM Graham, BS AF Clinton, TS Cooke, LM Graham, BS TI Cobb syndrome associated with a verrucous (angiokeratomalike) vascular malformation SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID CUTANEOMENINGOSPINAL ANGIOMATOSIS; HEMANGIOMA AB Cobb syndrome is defined by a cutaneous vascular lesion and a corresponding spinal cord vascular malformation within a segment or two of the involved dermatome. Even though Cobb syndrome has been reported in association with various cutaneous vascular lesions,, to our knowledge, only one other previous report describes verrucous changes overlying the cutaneous vascular lesion. We describe a patient with verrucous vascular malformation extending from his right chest to his right upper back in a dermatomal distribution. The patient's medical history included excision of a cavernous vascular malformation from the corresponding segment of his thoracic spinal cord 4 years prior, reversing 7 years of progressive leg weakness and neural deficits. Cobb syndrome was diagnosed based on the dermatomally distributed vascular malformation and the corresponding spinal cord vascular malformation. His skin lesions initially improved with erbium: YAG laser treatment but later recurred. This is the second reported case of Cobb syndrome associated with verrucous angiokeratomalike changes overlying the cutaneous vascular malformation. Because of the potentially severe neurologic sequelae caused by spinal cord lesions, clinicians should evaluate patients with dermatomally distributed cutaneous lesions on the trunk or extremities, including vascular malformations with verrucous features. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Great Lakes, IL USA. USN Hosp, USS, Tranquil Branch, Med Clin, Great Lakes, IL USA. RP Clinton, TS (reprint author), USS, Traquil Branch, Med Clin, 3420 Illinois St, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD APR PY 2003 VL 71 IS 4 BP 283 EP 287 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 667FQ UT WOS:000182220900004 PM 12729091 ER PT J AU Hurley, RM Sells, JP AF Hurley, RM Sells, JP TI An abbreviated word recognition protocol based on item difficulty SO EAR AND HEARING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Auditory-Society CY 2000 CL SCOTTSDALE, ARIZONA SP Amer Auditory Soc ID SPEECH-DISCRIMINATION; ACOUSTIC REFLEX; TESTS AB Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to develop a test methodology that would identify those patients requiring a full 50 item word recognition test and allow abbreviated testing of patients who do not need a full 50 item word recognition test. Design: Listeners with normal hearing and listeners with sensorineural hearing loss were administered Auditec(TM) recordings of a 50 word NU-6 list(s). From these listener responses, error rates were determined for each word in the NU-6 word pool. The NU-6 lists were then reordered based on decreasing word difficulty and 10 word and 25 word screening tests were developed. The predictive power of the 10 word and 25 word screening tests was then determined based on the 95% critical difference values for word recognition scores. Clinical decision analysis (CDA) was used to assess how well the 10 word and 25 word screening tests predicted 50 word performance. Results: Data analyses showed: 1) the four NU-6 50 word lists were equivalent in item difficulty; 2) the four NU-6 10 word and 25 word lists were equivalent in item difficulty; and 3) the 10 word and 25 word screening tests have hit rate (HR) values of 93 to 100%, false alarm rate (FAR) values of 0 to 20% and A' values of 0.946 to 1.00 depending upon word configuration and pass criterion. Conclusions: The four NU-6 10 word and 25 word screening tests differentiated listeners with impaired word recognition ability who required a full 50 word test from listeners with unimpaired word recognition ability who required only a 10 word or 25 word test. C1 Univ S Florida, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. USN, Ctr Ambulatory Care, Dept Audiol, Newport, RI USA. RP Hurley, RM (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 4202 E Flower Ave,PCD 1017, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. RI Gregory, Emily/A-5946-2012 NR 29 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0196-0202 J9 EAR HEARING JI Ear Hear. PD APR PY 2003 VL 24 IS 2 BP 111 EP 118 DI 10.1097/01.AUD.0000058113.56906.0D PG 8 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 747CC UT WOS:000186786800002 PM 12677108 ER PT J AU Iskandar, M Reyes, D Gaxiola, Y Fudge, E Foyos, J Lee, EW Kalu, P Garmestani, H Ogren, J Es-Said, OS AF Iskandar, M Reyes, D Gaxiola, Y Fudge, E Foyos, J Lee, EW Kalu, P Garmestani, H Ogren, J Es-Said, OS TI On identifying the most critical step in the sequence of heat treating operations in a 7249 aluminum alloy SO ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE age hardening; faulty heat treatments; tensile strength; quenching media AB The variables studied in the heat treatment processes of the 7249 aluminum alloy were 5 solution treatment temperatures (445-505degreesC), 3 quenching media (water, 20% polyalkylene glycol, and air), 3 natural aging times (0, 4, and 168 h) and 3 artificial aging temperatures (111, 121, and 131degreesC). The effect of varying these parameters on the mechanical strength was discussed. Quenching is identified to be the most critical step in this process. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Loyola Marymount Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Natl Sci Fdn, Res Experience Undergrad Program, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. FSU, FAMU, Coll Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Es-Said, OS (reprint author), Loyola Marymount Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Natl Sci Fdn, Res Experience Undergrad Program, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1350-6307 J9 ENG FAIL ANAL JI Eng. Fail. Anal. PD APR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 2 BP 199 EP 207 AR PII S1350-6307(02)00049-3 DI 10.1016/S1350-6307(02)00049-3 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 647KP UT WOS:000181092200005 ER PT J AU Rose-Pehrsson, SL Hart, SJ Street, TT Williams, FW Hammond, MH Gottuk, DT Wright, MT Wong, JT AF Rose-Pehrsson, SL Hart, SJ Street, TT Williams, FW Hammond, MH Gottuk, DT Wright, MT Wong, JT TI Early warning fire detection system using a probabilistic neural network SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fire detection; multi-criteria; sensor array; smoke detector; sensors; multivariate analysis; probabilistic neural network; nuisance source rejection ID ARRAY PATTERN-RECOGNITION; SENSOR ARRAY AB The Navy program, Damage Control-Automation for Reduced Manning is focused on enhancing automation of ship functions and damage control systems. A key element to this objective is the improvement of current fire detection systems. As in many applications, it is desired to increase detection sensitivity and, more importantly, increase the reliability of the detection system through improved nuisance alarm immunity. Improved reliability is needed, such that fire detection systems can automatically control fire suppression systems. The use of multi-criteria based detection technology continues to offer the most promising means to achieve both improved sensitivity to real fires, and reduced susceptibility to nuisance alarm sources. A multi-criteria early warning fire detection system, has been developed to provide reliable warning of actual fire conditions, in less time, with fewer nuisance alarms, than can be achieved with commercially available smoke detection systems. In this study, a four-sensor array and a Probabilistic Neural Network have been used to produce an early warning fire detection system. A prototype early warning fire detector was built and tested in a shipboard environment. The current alarm algorithm resulted in better overall performance than the commercial smoke detectors, by providing both improved nuisance source immunity, with generally equivalent or faster response times. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Hughes Associates Inc, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. RP Rose-Pehrsson, SL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 30 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 8 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0015-2684 J9 FIRE TECHNOL JI Fire Technol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 39 IS 2 BP 147 EP 171 DI 10.1023/A:1024260130050 PG 25 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 657UX UT WOS:000181685700004 ER PT J AU Bosshard, M AF Bosshard, M TI La 'Dure-Mere' SO FRENCH REVIEW LA French DT Book Review C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Bosshard, M (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN TEACH FRENCH PI CHAMPAIGN PA 57 EAST ARMORY AVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 USA SN 0016-111X J9 FR REV JI Fr. Rev. PD APR PY 2003 VL 76 IS 5 BP 1032 EP 1033 PG 2 WC Literature, Romance SC Literature GA 664RR UT WOS:000182075200040 ER PT J AU Kahn, AD Kellogg, JC AF Kahn, AD Kellogg, JC TI Low complexity, low-cost, altitude/heading hold flight control system SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB For many one-way unmanned aerial vehicle payload delivery and remote sensing missions, the heading to the target location and local winds are known. For these missions, only altitude and heading hold features are needed. Further, because the vehicle will not be returning, minimizing cost is a priority. Due to the desire to reduce the physical size of the vehicle, the Right control system needs to be of minimal complexity to facilitate miniaturization. Presented is a prototype altitude/heading hold flight control system that has been developed for use in small, stable UAV platforms. Topics covered in this paper include system architecture, hardware, user interface, and preliminary test-flight results. A brief description of the miniature target aircraft, the Naval Research Laboratory's Micro Tactical Expendable (MITE), will be presented as a representation of the class of vehicle under consideration. C1 ITT, AES, Alexandria, VA USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kahn, AD (reprint author), ITT, AES, Alexandria, VA USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD APR PY 2003 VL 18 IS 4 BP 14 EP 18 DI 10.1109/MAES.2003.1194084 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 666EW UT WOS:000182164900003 ER PT J AU Abbot, P Celuzza, S Dyer, I Gomes, B Fulford, J Lynch, J AF Abbot, P Celuzza, S Dyer, I Gomes, B Fulford, J Lynch, J TI Effects of East China Sea shallow-water environment on acoustic propagation SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE littoral environment; shallow-water acoustics; transmission loss; underwater acoustics measurements; underwater acoustics propagation ID OPTIMUM FREQUENCY; ATTENUATION; BOTTOM; SOUND; STATISTICS; SEDIMENTS AB Operational environmental acoustics experiments were conducted over the frequency range of 25 to 800 Hz in September 1997 in the East China Sea, where the water depth was about 100 in. Objectives of the data analysis reported here are to characterize this environment and to assess its complexities as they may impact acoustic propagation as measured by its transmission loss (TL). Conductivity-temperature-depths and expendable bathy-thermographs sampled the ocean, such that its spatial and temporal variability could be approximately separated. The sound-speed profiles are downward refracting, involve two water masses associated with the Kuroshio Current and Taiwan Warm Current, and have thermocline variations caused by internal tides. The bottom geoacoustic characteristics, presumed to be approximately horizontally isotropic, were based on data atlases and were estimated from the measured TL, for some interpretations. The TL data were obtained in octave bands from explosive signal underwater sound sources and sonobuoy receivers, both deployed at a depth of about 18 m. Tests were conducted in directions approximately normal and parallel to the bathymetric contours and the measured TL was, to zero order, independent of the direction of propagation. To higher order, directional differences in the TL were observed and ascribed to anisotropies in bottom properties. A state-of-the-art TL model was adopted, based on environmental idealizations typical of operational forecasting and compared with the measured TL. The comparison yields a probability density function that quantifies the uncertainty of such a TL model, caused by the stochastic variability of the environment, typically unknown a priori. For the model used, the pdf has a standard deviation of about 2 dB from 50 to 800 Hz and larger below 50 Hz. C1 Ocean Acoust Serv & Instrumentat Syst Inc, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Abbot, P (reprint author), Ocean Acoust Serv & Instrumentat Syst Inc, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD APR PY 2003 VL 28 IS 2 BP 192 EP 211 DI 10.1109/JOE.2003.811901 PG 20 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 698HH UT WOS:000183992600006 ER PT J AU Johannessen, OM Sagen, H Sandven, S Stark, KV AF Johannessen, OM Sagen, H Sandven, S Stark, KV TI Hotspots in ambient noise caused by ice-edge eddies in the Greenland and Barents Seas SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE ambient noise; ice-edge eddies; marginal ice zone (MIZ) ID ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION; ZONE AB Mesoscale eddies are frequently observed in the Greenland and Barents Seas' marginal ice zone (MIZ). The objective of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that acoustic hotspots along the ice-edge region are due to mesoscale eddy currents interacting with the broken-up ice floes in the MIZ. To test this hypothesis, ambient-noise case studies were carried out during the MIZEX 85-87 and SIZEX 89 field experiments. In each experiment, ice-edge eddies were localized visually from aircraft and by use of satellite remote-sensing data obtained in near real time. Sonobuoys were, thereafter, deployed by fix-wing aircraft and helicopters in selected eddy areas. Ambient-noise data, recorded over several hours by aircraft, were analyzed estimating averaged ambient-noise levels at four selected frequencies: 40, 100, 315, and 1000 Hz. The analysis showed high mean levels and large gradients in ambient noise near ice-edge eddies and during strong wind and wave forcing against the ice edge. The conclusion of this study is that mapping of the ice edge and localization of mesoscale ocean processes using remote sensing from space will provide important input to ambient-noise prediction in the MIZ. C1 Nansen Environm & Remote Sensing, N-5059 Bergen, Norway. Nansen Environm & Remote Sensing, N-5059 Bergen, Norway. USN, Ocean Res & Dev Activ, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Johannessen, OM (reprint author), Univ Bergen, Inst Geophys, N-5059 Bergen, Norway. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD APR PY 2003 VL 28 IS 2 BP 212 EP 228 DI 10.1109/JOE.2003.812497 PG 17 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 698HH UT WOS:000183992600007 ER PT J AU Yang, TC AF Yang, TC TI Temporal resolutions of time-reversal and passive-phase conjugation for underwater acoustic communications SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE passive-phase conjugation; spatial diversity; temporal resolution; time reversal; underwater acoustic communications ID SHALLOW-WATER; OCEAN AB In this paper, we study the temporal resolution of a time-reversal or passive-phase conjugation process as applied to underwater acoustic communications. Specifically, we address 1) the time resolution or the pulse width of a back-propagated time-compressed pulse as compared with the original transmitted pulse; 2) the effectiveness of temporal focusing as measured by the peak-to-sidelobe ratio of the back-propagated or phase-conjugated pulse (both pulse elongation and sidelobe leakages are causes of intersymbol interference and bit errors for communications); 3) the duration of temporal focusing or the temporal coherence time of the underwater acoustic channel; and 4) the stability of temporal focusing as measured by the phase fluctuations of successive pulses (symbols). Binary phase-shift keying signals collected at sea from a fixed source to a fixed receiver are used to extract the above four parameters and are compared with simulated results. Mid-frequency (3-4-kHz) data were collected in a dynamic shallow-water environment, exhibiting high temporal fluctuations over a scale of minutes. Despite this, the channel is found to be highly coherent over a length of 17 s. As a result, only one probe signal is used for 17 s of data. The bit error rate and variance of the symbol phase fluctuations are measured as a function of the number of receivers. They are of the same order as that calculated from the simulated data. The agreement suggests that these two quantities could be modeled for a communication channel with high coherence time. The phase variance can be used to determine the maximum data rate for a phase-shift keying signal for a given signal bandwidth and a given number of receivers. C1 USN, Res Lab, Dispers Wave Guide Effects Grp, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yang, TC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Dispers Wave Guide Effects Grp, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 24 TC 86 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD APR PY 2003 VL 28 IS 2 BP 229 EP 245 DI 10.1109/JOE.2003.811895 PG 17 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 698HH UT WOS:000183992600008 ER PT J AU Dasgupta, N Runkle, P Carin, L Couchman, L Yoder, T Bucaro, J Dobeck, GJ AF Dasgupta, N Runkle, P Carin, L Couchman, L Yoder, T Bucaro, J Dobeck, GJ TI Class-based target identification with multiaspect scattering data SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE genetic algorithm; hidden Markov model; Kullback-Leibler distance; positional moments ID HIDDEN MARKOV-MODELS; CLASSIFICATION; ALGORITHM; PURSUITS AB In underwater sensing applications, it is often difficult to train a classifier in advance for all targets that may be seen during testing, due to the large number of targets that may be encountered. We therefore partition the training data into target classes, with each class characteristic of multiple targets that share similar scattering physics. In some cases, one may have a priori insight into which targets should constitute a given class, while in other cases this segmentation must be done autonomously based on the scattering data. For the latter case, we constitute the classes using an information-theoretic mapping criterion. Having defined the target classes, the second phase of our identification procedure involves determining those features that enhance the similarity between the targets in a given class. This is achieved by using a genetic algorithm (GA)-based feature-selection algorithm with a Kullback-Leibler (KL) cost function. The classifier employed is appropriate for multiaspect scattering data and is based on a hidden Markov model (HMM). The performance of the class-based classification algorithm is examined using both measured and computed acoustic scattering data from submerged elastic targets. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Panama City, FL 32405 USA. RP Dasgupta, N (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0364-9059 EI 1558-1691 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD APR PY 2003 VL 28 IS 2 BP 271 EP 282 DI 10.1109/JOE.2003.811899 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 698HH UT WOS:000183992600012 ER PT J AU Koplow, JP Moore, SW Kliner, DAV AF Koplow, JP Moore, SW Kliner, DAV TI A new method for side pumping of double-clad fiber sources SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE double-clad fibers; erbium; optical fiber lasers and amplifiers; ytterbium ID AMPLIFIER; LASER; COMPACT AB We report a new method for pumping of double-clad, rare-earth-doped fiber sources using diode lasers, diode bars, or fiber-coupled pump sources. In this technique, the pump beam is launched by reflection from a mirror that is embedded in a channel cut into the inner cladding. The mirror may be curved to reduce the divergence of the pump beam, thereby allowing the use of highly divergent pump sources and low-numerical-aperture inner claddings. Additional advantages include high coupling efficiency, little loss of brightness in coupling the pump beam, relatively low sensitivity to misalignment, no obstruction of the fiber ends, no loss for light propagating in the core, simplicity (low parts count), compact and rugged packaging, scalability to high power, and low cost. Because of the large alignment tolerances, the technique is uniquely well suited to the direct coupling of the output of a. diode bar into one or more double-clad fibers. We present a detailed description and characterization of the technique. We also describe the performance of Yb-doped band Er-Yb-doped fiber amplifiers constructed with this method, including amplifiers with saturated output powers of 5.2 W (1064-nm wavelength) and 2.6 W (1550 nm) when pumped with two laser diodes. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Koplow, JP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jeff@ccf.nrl.navy.mil NR 22 TC 61 Z9 76 U1 2 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD APR PY 2003 VL 39 IS 4 BP 529 EP 540 DI 10.1109/JQE.2003.809336 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 657VF UT WOS:000181686500001 ER PT J AU Monzon, C AF Monzon, C TI A cross-polarized bistatic calibration device for RCS measurements SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE anisotropic cylinder; bistatic; canonical problem; cross-polarization; radar cross section (RCS) ID UNIDIRECTIONALLY CONDUCTING SCREEN; PHASED LINE SOURCE; SURFACE-WAVES; EXCITATION; SCATTERING AB A little known unidirectionally conducting canonical object is introduced which satisfies the requirements for use as a cross-polarized bistatic calibration device, including a signature with the desirable property of being able to be characterized analytically. Bistatic measurements are essential to understanding the stealth characteristics of military targets, and since no similar cross-polarization calibration target is available, the proposed device shows potential for becoming a new radar cross section (RCS) measurement standard. C1 NRL, SFA, Largo, MD 20774 USA. RP Monzon, C (reprint author), NRL, SFA, Largo, MD 20774 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD APR PY 2003 VL 51 IS 4 BP 833 EP 839 DI 10.1109/TAP.2003.811071 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 697FH UT WOS:000183931200020 ER PT J AU Chen, D Tsang, L Zhou, L Reising, SC Asher, WE Rose, LA Ding, KH Chen, CT AF Chen, D Tsang, L Zhou, L Reising, SC Asher, WE Rose, LA Ding, KH Chen, CT TI Microwave emission and scattering of foam based on Monte Carlo simulations of dense media SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE dense-media radiative transfer; electromagnetic wave scattering; microwave emissivity; Monte Carlo simulations; ocean foam ID RADIATIVE-TRANSFER THEORY; SEA; SURFACE; MODEL AB The foam-covered ocean surface is treated as densely packed air bubbles coated with thin layers of seawater. We apply Monte Carlo simulations of solutions of Maxwell's equations to calculate the absorption, scattering, and extinction coefficients at 10.8 and 36.5 GHz. These quantities are then used in dense-media radiative transfer theory to calculate the microwave emissivity. Numerical results of the model are illustrated As a function of foam parameters. Results of emissivities for both horizontal polarization and vertical polarizations at 10.8 and 36.5 GHz are compared with recent experimental measurements. C1 City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Elect Engn, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. Univ Washington, Dept Elect Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Microwave Remote Sensing Lab, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. Intel Corp, Sacramento, CA 95827 USA. RP Chen, D (reprint author), City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Elect Engn, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. NR 16 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD APR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 4 BP 782 EP 790 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2003.810711 PN 1 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 688BN UT WOS:000183412500005 ER PT J AU Gao, BC Yang, P Guo, G Park, SK Wiscombe, WJ Chen, B AF Gao, BC Yang, P Guo, G Park, SK Wiscombe, WJ Chen, B TI Measurements of water vapor and high clouds over the Tibetan Plateau with the Terra MODIS instrument SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE cirrus clouds; meteorology; remote sensing; Tibetan Plateau; water vapor ID CIRRUS CLOUDS; SATELLITE DATA; RADIANCES; RADIATION; CHANNEL; CLIMATE AB The seasonal variations of water vapor and cirrus clouds over the Tibetan Plateau are investigated using the recently available Level 3 monthly-mean atmospheric data products with a 1degrees x 1degrees latitude-longitude grid. The data products are derived from the multichannel imaging data acquired with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the Terra Spacecraft. It is shown that the water vapor concentration over the Tibetan Plateau is normally low, whereas high clouds (mainly cirrus clouds) over the Plateau occur quite frequently. On an annual scale, the water vapor concentration reaches its maximum in July and its minimum in January. During the summer season, the southeastern part of Tibetan Plateau, which can be affected by moistures originating from the Bay of Bengal and southeastern Asia, is slightly moister than the other parts of the Plateau. This observation is in agreement with the previous surface meteorological measurements by Chinese scientists from the 1950s to mid-1970s. The mean high-cloud reflectance over the Plateau reaches its maximum in April and minimum in November. This feature of high clouds over the Plateau has not been reported previously. The special channel centered at 1.375-mum on the MODIS instrument has allowed the observation. We present a plausible mechanism to explain the seasonal variations of high clouds over the Plateau. We expect that the water vapor and high-cloud measurements with MODIS can be used to improve the model initialization and validation for climate models involving the Tibetan Plateau and the nearby regions in Asia. C1 USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Seoul 120750, South Korea. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Climate & Radiat Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Maryland, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Gao, BC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7212, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Yang, Ping/B-4590-2011; Wiscombe, Warren/D-4665-2012 OI Wiscombe, Warren/0000-0001-6844-9849 NR 26 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD APR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 4 BP 895 EP 900 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2003.810704 PN 2 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 688BR UT WOS:000183412900001 ER PT J AU Stanney, KM Mollaghasemi, M Reeves, L Breaux, R Graeber, DA AF Stanney, KM Mollaghasemi, M Reeves, L Breaux, R Graeber, DA TI Usability engineering of virtual environments (VEs): identifying multiple criteria that drive effective VE system design SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER STUDIES LA English DT Review DE virtual environments; usability; multimodel interaction; presence; cybersickness; navigation; wayfinding ID ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS; PERFORMANCE; FRAMEWORK; MODEL; INFORMATION; COMPUTERS; DISPLAYS; ISSUES; INPUT AB Designing usable and effective interactive virtual environment (VE) systems is a new challenge for system developers and human factors specialists. In particular, traditional usability principles do not consider characteristics unique to VE systems, such as the design of wayfinding and navigational techniques, object. selection and manipulation, as well as integration of visual, auditory and haptic system outputs. VE designers must enhance presence, immersion, and system comfort, while minimizing sickness and deleterious aftereffects. Through the development of a multi-criteria assessment technique, the current effort categorizes and integrates these VE attributes into a systematic approach to designing and evaluating VE usability. Validation exercises suggest this technique, the Multi-criteria Assessment of Usability for Virtual Environments (MAUVE) system, provides a structured approach for achieving usability in VE system design and evaluation. Applications for this research include military, entertainment, and any other interactive system that seeks to provide-an enjoyable and effective user experience. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Cent Florida, Ind Engn & Mgmt Syst Dept, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. USN, Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Training Syst Div, Orlando, FL USA. Design Interact Inc, Orlando, FL USA. RP Stanney, KM (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Ind Engn & Mgmt Syst Dept, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM stanney@mail.ucf.edu NR 124 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1071-5819 J9 INT J HUM-COMPUT ST JI Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud. PD APR PY 2003 VL 58 IS 4 BP 447 EP 481 DI 10.1016/S1071-5819(03)00015-6 PG 35 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering; Psychology GA 668RU UT WOS:000182307600005 ER PT J AU Knapp, CI Feuille, F Cochran, DL Mellonig, JT AF Knapp, CI Feuille, F Cochran, DL Mellonig, JT TI Clinical and histologic evaluation of bone-replacement grafts in the treatment of localized alveolar ridge defects. Part 2: Bioactive glass particulate SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PERIODONTICS & RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID PARTIALLY EDENTULOUS PATIENTS; INTRABONY DEFECTS; BARRIER MEMBRANES; AUGMENTATION; DEBRIDEMENT; PLACEMENT; IMPLANTS AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using a bioactive alloplast and a physical barrier to augment localized alveolar ridge defects for the subsequent placement of dental implants. Twelve systemically healthy patients (aged 29 to 55 years) with inadequate dental alveolar ridge widths were selected for study. All patients completed initial therapy, which included scaling, root planing, and oral hygiene instruction. All ridge defects were augmented with a bioactive glass alloplast and a titanium-reinforced e-PTFE barrier. Vertical (height) and horizontal (width) hard tissue measurements were taken the day of ridge augmentation surgery (baseline) and at the 6-month reentry surgery. The change in ridge width varied from a loss of 1 mm to a gain of 4.5 mm, with a mean gain of 1.1 mm (P < .03). Eight of the 12 sites gained 1 mm or less. The difference in mean ridge width gain between maxillary and mandibular sites was not statistically significant (P > .08). Mean ridge width gain was 1.1 mm for both maxillary and mandibular sites. There was a loss in bone height of 0.3 mm from baseline. Four implants in four patients could not be placed because of inadequate ridge width augmentation. Histologic examination of the grafted sites revealed connective tissue encapsulation of most residual graft particles. In this study, bioactive glass particulate and an e-PTFE barrier did not consistently augment localized ridge defects for dental implant placement. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Periodont, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. USN, Dent Corps, Dent Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Mellonig, JT (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Periodont, MSC 7894,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU QUINTESSENCE PUBL CO INC PI CAROL STREAM PA 551 NORTH KIMBERLY DR, CAROL STREAM, IL 60188-1881 USA SN 0198-7569 J9 INT J PERIODONT REST JI Int. J. Periodontics Restor. Dent. PD APR PY 2003 VL 23 IS 2 BP 129 EP 137 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 672JK UT WOS:000182517300003 PM 12710816 ER PT J AU Kelso, JM Bardina, L Beyer, K AF Kelso, JM Bardina, L Beyer, K TI Allergy to canned tuna SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID FISH HYPERSENSITIVITY; IDENTIFICATION C1 USN, Med Ctr, Allergy Clin, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Jaffe Food Allergy Inst, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Kelso, JM (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Allergy Clin, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 5 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 111 IS 4 BP 901 EP 901 DI 10.1067/mai.2003.1375 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 667WW UT WOS:000182258500037 PM 12704377 ER PT J AU Chu, PC Ivanov, LM Korzhova, TP Margolina, TM Melnichenko, OV AF Chu, PC Ivanov, LM Korzhova, TP Margolina, TM Melnichenko, OV TI Analysis of sparse and noisy ocean current data using flow decomposition. Part I: Theory SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLY CONNECTED DOMAIN; OPEN BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; QUASI-GEOSTROPHIC MODEL; MATHEMATICAL-METHODS; SPLINES AB A new approach is developed to reconstruct a three-dimensional incompressible flow from noisy data in an open domain using a two-scalar (toroidal and poloidal) spectral representation. The results are presented in two parts: theory (first part) and application (second part). In Part I, this approach includes (a) a boundary extension method to determine normal and tangential velocities at an open boundary, (b) establishment of homogeneous open boundary conditions for the two potentials with a spatially varying coefficient kappa, (c) spectral expansion of kappa, (d) calculation of basis functions for each of the scalar potentials, and (e) determination of coefficients in the spectral decomposition of both velocity and kappa using linear or nonlinear regressions. The basis functions are the eigenfunctions of the Laplacian operator with homogeneous mixed boundary conditions and depend upon the spatially varying parameter kappa at the open boundary. A cost function used for poor data statistics is introduced to determine the optimal number of basis functions. An optimization scheme with iteration and regularization is proposed to obtain unique and stable solutions. In Part II, the capability of the method is demonstrated through reconstructing a 2D wind-driven circulation in a rotating channel, a baroclinic circulation in the eastern Black Sea, and a large-scale surface circulation in the Southern Ocean. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Naval Ocean Anal & Predict Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Marine Hydrophys, Sevastopol, Crimea, Ukraine. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Ctr Ecol Modeling & Recreat Geog, Sevastopol, Crimea, Ukraine. RP Chu, PC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Naval Ocean Anal & Predict Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 46 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 20 IS 4 BP 478 EP 491 DI 10.1175/1520-0426(2003)20<478:AOSANO>2.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 665EX UT WOS:000182107600005 ER PT J AU Chu, PC Ivanov, LM Korzhova, TP Margolina, TM Melnichenko, OV AF Chu, PC Ivanov, LM Korzhova, TP Margolina, TM Melnichenko, OV TI Analysis of sparse and noisy ocean current data using flow decomposition. Part II: Applications to Eulerian and Lagrangian data SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLY CONNECTED DOMAIN; QUASI-GEOSTROPHIC MODEL AB The capability of the reconstruction scheme developed in Part I is demonstrated here through three practical applications. First, the nonlinear regression model is used to reproduce the upper-layer three-dimensional circulation of the eastern Black Sea from model data distorted by white and red noises. Second, the quasigeostrophic approximation is used to reconstruct the shallow water circulation pattern in an open domain with various sampling strategies. Third, the large-scale circulation in the Southern Ocean is reproduced from the First Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP) Global Experiment (FGGE) drifter data with noncontrollable noise statistics. All three cases confirm that the theoretical approach is robust to various noise-to-signal ratios, number of observations, and station disposition. Using the simplified open boundary condition for analyzing long-term observational data is recommended because the nonlinear regression procedure requires considerable computer resources. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Naval Ocean Anal & Predict Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Marine Hydrophys, Sevastopol, Crimea, Ukraine. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Ctr Ecol Modeling & Recreat Geog, Sevastopol, Crimea, Ukraine. RP Chu, PC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Naval Ocean Anal & Predict Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 20 IS 4 BP 492 EP 512 DI 10.1175/1520-0426(2003)20<492:AOSANO>2.0.CO;2 PG 21 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 665EX UT WOS:000182107600006 ER PT J AU Gilardi, R Butcher, RJ AF Gilardi, R Butcher, RJ TI The structure of nitrocubane: the last in the series of nitrocubanes SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE nitrocubane structures; cubane structures; energetic materials ID 1,3,5,7-TETRANITROCUBANE; OCTANITROCUBANE; CHEMISTRY; CUBANES AB The structure of nitrocubane, C8H7NO2, 1, reported herein, is the last to be reported in a series of nitrocubanes, ranging from mono- to octanitrocubane. Compound 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma with cell dimensions a = 17.507(5), b = 6.584(2), and c = 5.832(2) Angstrom and Z = 4. Thus the nitrocubane molecule possesses a crystallographically imposed mirror plane. Since the nitro group is in the mirror plane, it is coplanar with the C1-C6 bond in the cubane skeleton. As has been found previously, the C1-C6 bond in the cubane skeleton that is coplanar to its attached nitro groups is shortened (1.533( 4) compared to an average value of 1.543(2) Angstrom for all other cubane C-C bonds). In addition the single substitution of the nitro group into the cubane skeleton causes a tetrahedral distortion which is exhibited by alternating C-C-C angles which are greater than and less than 90degrees. C1 USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Howard Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RP Gilardi, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI G, Neela/H-3016-2014 NR 14 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1074-1542 J9 J CHEM CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Chem. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2003 VL 33 IS 4 BP 281 EP 285 DI 10.1023/A:1024081128163 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Spectroscopy SC Crystallography; Spectroscopy GA 681PU UT WOS:000183045200010 ER PT J AU Casalini, R Paluch, M Roland, CM AF Casalini, R Paluch, M Roland, CM TI Dynamic crossover in supercooled liquids induced by high pressure SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION-TIME; ADAM-GIBBS MODEL; CONFIGURATIONAL ENTROPY; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; ALPHA-RELAXATION; LIGHT-SCATTERING; BETA-RELAXATION; TRANSITION; TEMPERATURE AB The physics underlying the dynamics of molecules near their glass temperature, T-g, comprises one of the major unsolved problems in condensed matter. Of particular interest are the striking changes in relaxation properties observed at temperatures similar to1.2 times higher than T-g. Herein, we describe experiments in which these changes in dynamics are induced by pressure variations. For several supercooled liquids, the relaxation time associated with the change in dynamics is found to be invariant to both temperature and pressure. That is, the time scale of the molecular motions determines the onset of strong intermolecular cooperativity and the accompanying dynamical changes. While thermodynamic variables such as temperature and pressure influence the crossover in dynamics, the governing variable is the time scale. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Chem, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. RP USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM casalini@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 29 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 13 BP 5701 EP 5703 DI 10.1063/1.1564046 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 657LF UT WOS:000181667900001 ER PT J AU Katzer, DS Storm, DF Binari, SC Roussos, JA Shanabrook, BV Glaser, ER AF Katzer, DS Storm, DF Binari, SC Roussos, JA Shanabrook, BV Glaser, ER TI Molecular beam epitaxy of beryllium-doped GaN buffer layers for AlGaN/GaN HEMTs SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE-XII) CY SEP 15-20, 2002 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA DE doping; molecular beam epitaxy; nitrides; high electron mobility transitors ID CONDUCTION AB We report on a study of buffer layer leakage currents in AlGaN/GaN HEMT structures with AlN buffer layers grown on 6H-SiC substrates by RF-plasma molecular beam epitaxy. We find that the use of a thin Be:GaN layer dramatically reduces the leakage currents in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. Four structures were grown under the same conditions, except for the Be concentration, using quarters of the same n(+) SiC substrate. Device isolation is improved by a factor of 10(3) and the transistor pinch-off characteristics are improved. Details of the growth conditions and measurements are presented. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Katzer, DS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW,Code 6852, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Katzer, D. Scott/N-7841-2013 NR 11 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD APR PY 2003 VL 251 IS 1-4 BP 481 EP 486 AR PII S0022-0248(02)02150-4 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(02)02150-4 PG 6 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 666LY UT WOS:000182179800089 ER PT J AU Bennett, BR Magno, R Papanicolaou, N AF Bennett, BR Magno, R Papanicolaou, N TI Controlled n-type doping of antimonides and arsenides using GaTe SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE-XII) CY SEP 15-20, 2002 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA DE doping; molecular beam epitaxy; antimonides; semiconducting III-V materials; semiconducting quaternary alloys; semiconducting gallium compounds ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; BEAM EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; ALSB/INAS HEMTS; QUANTUM-WELLS; INAS; LAYERS; GASB AB GaTe was used as a dopant source in molecular beam epitaxy to grow n-type AlSb, GaSb, InAs, and GaAs. Carrier density was independent of host material and growth temperature between 350degreesC and 550degreesC. Calibrations based upon the binary results were applied to alloys of InAlAsSb for high-frequency transistor applications. Controlled doping of these alloys was achieved at growth temperatures of 350degreesC and 400degreesC. Growth of a nominally undoped GaAs layer immediately after use of the GaTe cell indicated no significant memory effects. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bennett, BR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Code 6876,4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008 OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213 NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD APR PY 2003 VL 251 IS 1-4 BP 532 EP 537 AR PII S0022-0248(02)02186-3 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(02)02186-3 PG 6 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 666LY UT WOS:000182179800098 ER PT J AU Solov'ev, VA Terent'ev, YV Toropov, AA Mel'tser, BY Semenov, AN Ivanov, SV Kop'ev, PS Meyer, JR AF Solov'ev, VA Terent'ev, YV Toropov, AA Mel'tser, BY Semenov, AN Ivanov, SV Kop'ev, PS Meyer, JR TI MBE growth and photoluminescence properties of strained InAsSb/AlSbAs quantum wells SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE-XII) CY SEP 15-20, 2002 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA DE molecular beam epitaxy; quantum wells; semiconducting III-V materials ID HETEROSTRUCTURE DIODE-LASERS AB Heterostructures with a compressively strained single InAs1-xSbx/AlSb1-yAsy quantum well (QW) have been grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaSb(0 0 1) substrates and studied by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and photoliumnescence (PL) spectroscopy. An intense PL with the peak wavelength ranging from 2 to 4.5 mum (FWHM is of 30-50 meV) has been observed at 80 K as the QW width varies from 4 to 20 nm, respectively. The band gap energies of the InAsSb/AlSbAs QWs calculated for a wide range of x and y alloy compositions at the effective mass approximation, taking account of stresses accumulated in the QW and barriers, are in good agreement with the experimental values. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 RAS, Ioffe Physicotech Inst, Quantum Size Heterostruct Lab, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Solov'ev, VA (reprint author), RAS, Ioffe Physicotech Inst, Quantum Size Heterostruct Lab, Polytechnicheskaya 26, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. RI Ivanov, Sergey/C-1177-2014; Toropov, Alexey/C-1529-2014; Semenov, Alexey/E-3203-2014; Solov'ev, Viktor/E-4026-2014 NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD APR PY 2003 VL 251 IS 1-4 BP 538 EP 542 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(02)02317-5 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 666LY UT WOS:000182179800099 ER PT J AU Dutta, I AF Dutta, I TI A constitutive model for creep of lead-free solders undergoing strain-enhanced microstructural coarsening: A first report SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE lead-free solder; creep model; microstructural coarsening ID CRACK-GROWTH-RATE; GRAIN-GROWTH; JOINTS; ALLOY; EVOLUTION; FATIGUE AB Lead-free solder joints in microelectronic applications frequently have microstructures comprising a dispersion of intermetallic particles in a Sn matrix. During thermomechanical cycling (TMC) of the solder joint, these particles undergo strain-enhanced coarsening, resulting in a continuously evolving, creep behavior. Because the extent of coarsening is dependent on the stress/strain state, which is dependent on the location within a joint, it is important that creep models used in joint-life prediction incorporate these effects. Here, an approach for incorporating the effect of in-situ second-phase particle coarsening in a dislocation-creep model applicable to lead-free solder alloys is proposed. The formulation, which can be expressed in a closed analytic form following some simplifications, incorporates the effects of both static- and strain-enhanced coarsening and accounts for the effects of inelastic-strain history and hydrostatic constraint. Predictions of coarsening based on the model agreed reasonably well with experimentally observed trends. Because of its simplicity, the microstructurally adaptive creep model proposed here can be easily incorporated in current finite-element codes for joint behavior simulation. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech Engn, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Dutta, I (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech Engn, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 19 TC 84 Z9 85 U1 4 U2 12 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 4 BP 201 EP 207 DI 10.1007/s11664-003-0210-3 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 664LV UT WOS:000182063300001 ER PT J AU Gasper, K St Anna, L AF Gasper, K St Anna, L TI Are antibiotics effective for otitis media with effusion? SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN, Puget Sound Family Med Residency, Bremerton, WA USA. Univ Washington, Hlth Sci Lib, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Gasper, K (reprint author), USN, Puget Sound Family Med Residency, Bremerton, WA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU DOWDEN PUBLISHING CORP PI MONTVALE PA 110 SUMMIT AVE, MONTVALE, NJ 07645-1712 USA SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD APR PY 2003 VL 52 IS 4 BP 321 EP 322 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 665RD UT WOS:000182133800021 PM 12681093 ER PT J AU Ventura, H Inouye, L AF Ventura, H Inouye, L TI Physician documentation of herbal products increases with a passive reminder system. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 30-MAY 03, 2003 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 18 SU 1 BP 266 EP 266 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 673DF UT WOS:000182564301092 ER PT J AU Wanko, S Inouye, L AF Wanko, S Inouye, L TI Gender and ethnic disparities in osteoporosis risk factors and screening. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 30-MAY 03, 2003 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 18 SU 1 BP 266 EP 266 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 673DF UT WOS:000182564301093 ER PT J AU Roy, MJ Seegers, C Deuster, P Law, W Cherstniakova, S Young, S Sato, P Kamens, D Cantilena, L AF Roy, MJ Seegers, C Deuster, P Law, W Cherstniakova, S Young, S Sato, P Kamens, D Cantilena, L TI Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of combination preventive treatment with pyridostigmine, deet, and permethrin. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 30-MAY 03, 2003 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 18 SU 1 BP 270 EP 270 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 673DF UT WOS:000182564301112 ER PT J AU Cerza, M Boughey, B AF Cerza, M Boughey, B TI The effects of air infiltration on a large flat heat pipe at horizontal and vertical orientations SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE energy conversion; heat transfer; heat pipes; measurement techniques; multi-phase AB In the satellite or energy conversion industries flat heat pipes may be utilized to transfer heat to the thermal sink. In this investigation, a large flat heat pipe, 1.22m x 0.305 m x 0.0127 m, fabricated from 50 mil Monel 400 metal sheets and Monel 400 screens was videographed at horizontal and vertical orientations with an infrared video camera. The heat pipe evaporator section consisted of a 0.305 m x 0.305 m area (one heated side only) while the side opposite the heated section was insulated. The remaining area of the heat pipe served as the condenser. In the horizontal orientation the heated section was on the bottom. In the vertical orientation the evaporator was aligned below the condenser The sequence of photographs depicts heat inputs ranging from 200 W to 800 W and the effect of air infiltration on heat pipe operation for both orientations. For the horizontal orientation, the air is seen to recede towards the small fill pipe as the heat input is increased. For the vertical orientation, the air and water vapor exhibit a buoyant interaction with the result that the air presence inhibits heat transfer by rendering sections of the condenser surface ineffective. The effects depicted in this paper set the stage for future analytical and experimental work in flat heat pipe operation for both normal and variable conductance modes. [DOI: 10.1115/1.1532020]. C1 USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Cerza, M (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 2003 VL 125 IS 2 BP 349 EP 355 DI 10.1115/1.1532020 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA 663RU UT WOS:000182020000017 ER PT J AU Smedstad, OM Hurlburt, HE Metzger, EJ Rhodes, RC Shriver, JF Wallcraft, AJ Kara, AB AF Smedstad, OM Hurlburt, HE Metzger, EJ Rhodes, RC Shriver, JF Wallcraft, AJ Kara, AB TI An operational Eddy resolving 1/16 degrees global ocean nowcast/forecast system SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International Liege Colloquium on Ocean Dynamics CY MAY 07-11, 2001 CL LIEGE, BELGIUM DE global ocean prediction; prediction of mesoscale variability; data assimilation; ocean forecast verification ID NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; SOUTH-CHINA-SEA; ALTIMETER DATA; DATA ASSIMILATION; MOORED ARRAY; GULF-STREAM; MODEL; PREDICTION; 1/8-DEGREES; RESOLUTION AB The first real-time eddy resolving nearly global ocean nowcast/forecast system has been running daily at the Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) since 18 October 2000 and it became an operational system on 27 September 2001. Thirty-day forecasts are made once a week. The system, which was developed at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), uses the NRL Layered Ocean Model (NLOM) with 1/16degrees resolution and seven layers in the vertical, including a Kraus-Turner type bulk mixed layer. Sea surface temperature (SST) from satellite IR and satellite altimeter sea surface height (SSH) data from TOPEX/ POSEIDON (T/P), ERS-2 and Geosat-Follow-On (GFO), provided via NAVOCEANO's Altimeter Data Fusion Center (ADFC), are assimilated into the model. The large size of the model grid (4096 x 2304 x 7) and operational requirements make it necessary to use a computationally efficient ocean model and data assimilation scheme. The assimilation consists of an optimum interpolation (01) based scheme that uses an 01 deviation analysis with the model as a first guess, a statistical inference technique for vertical mass field updates, geostrophic balance for the velocity updates outside of the equatorial region and incremental updating of the model fields to further reduce inertia-gravity wave generation. A spatially varying mesoscale covariance function determined from T/P and ERS-2 data is used in the 01 analysis. The SST assimilation consists of relaxing the NLOM SST to the Modular Ocean Data Assimilation System (MODAS) SST analysis, which is performed daily at NAVOCEANO. Real-time and archived results from the model can be viewed at the NRL web site http://www.ocean.nrlssc.navy.mil/globaLnlom. This includes many zoom regions, nowcasts and forecasts of SSH, upper ocean currents and SST, forecast verification statistics, subsurface temperature cross-sections, the amount of altimeter data used for each nowcast from each satellite and nowcast comparisons with unassimilated data. The results show that the model has predictive skill for mesoscale and other types of variability lasting at least 1 month in most regions and when calculated globally. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V All rights reserved. C1 Planning Syst Inc, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Smedstad, OM (reprint author), Planning Syst Inc, MSAAP Bldg 9121, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 45 TC 50 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD APR PY 2003 VL 40 BP 341 EP 361 DI 10.1016/S0924-7963(03)00024-1 PG 21 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 674EW UT WOS:000182625300015 ER PT J AU Liao, SY Ivanov, S Ivanova, A Ghosh, S Cote, MA Keefe, K Coca-Prados, M Stanbridge, EJ Lerman, MI AF Liao, SY Ivanov, S Ivanova, A Ghosh, S Cote, MA Keefe, K Coca-Prados, M Stanbridge, EJ Lerman, MI TI Expression of cell surface transmembrane carbonic anhydrase genes CA9 and CA12 in the human eye: overexpression of CA12 (CAXII) in glaucoma SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article ID NONPIGMENTED CILIARY EPITHELIUM; OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA; CARCINOMA; PROTEIN; CLONING AB Purpose: Carbonic anhydrase enzymes (CAs) are universally involved in many fundamental physiological processes, including acid base regulation and fluid formation and movement. In glaucoma patients, CA inhibitors are very effective in lowering intraocular pressure by reducing the rate of aqueous humour secretion mediated by the CAs in the ciliary epithelium. In this work, we investigated the expression and tissue distribution of two recently discovered CA genes CA9 (CAIX) and CA12(CAXII) in fetal, neonatal, and adult human eyes with and without glaucoma. Methods: CAIX and CAXII expression in 16 normal and 10 glaucomatous eyes, and in cultured nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cells (NPE) from normal and glaucoma eye donors was assessed by immunostaining. In addition, northern blot hybridisation was performed to assess expression of CA4, CA9, and CA12 mRNA in cultured NPE cells from normal and glaucoma donors. Results: CAXII was localised primarily to the NPE with its expression prominent during embryonic eye development but which decreased significantly in adults. CAIX expression in the NPE was very low. The epithelium of cornea and lens occasionally expressed both enzymes at low levels during development and in adult eye, and no expression was detected in the retina. The NPE from glaucoma eyes expressed higher levels of CAXII, but not CAIX, in comparison with normal eyes. This expression pattern was retained in cultured NPE cell lines. NPE cells from a glaucoma patient showed a five-fold increase in the CA12 mRNA level with no detectable expression of CA9 mRNA. Also, no expression of the CA4 gene encoding a GPI anchored plasma membrane protein was detected on these northern blots. Conclusions: Transmembrane CAIX and CAXII enzymes are expressed in the ciliary cells and, thus, may be involved in aqueous humour production. CA12 may be a targeted gene in glaucoma. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Intramural Res Support Program, Frederick, MD USA. NCI, Immunobiol Lab, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Liao, SY (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA19401, N01-CO-12400, N01-CO-56000]; NEI NIH HHS [EY04873] NR 21 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0022-2593 J9 J MED GENET JI J. Med. Genet. PD APR PY 2003 VL 40 IS 4 BP 257 EP 261 DI 10.1136/jmg.40.4.257 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 666BN UT WOS:000182155900004 PM 12676895 ER PT J AU Linskey, ME Johnstone, PAS O'Leary, M Goetsch, S AF Linskey, ME Johnstone, PAS O'Leary, M Goetsch, S TI Radiation exposure of normal temporal bone structures during stereotactically guided gamma knife surgery for vestibular schwannomas SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE gamma knife; stereotactic radiosurgery; vestibular schwannoma ID SENSORINEURAL HEARING-LOSS; STEREOTAXIC RADIOSURGERY; IRRADIATION; EAR AB Object. The dosimetry of radiation exposure of healthy inner, middle, and external ear structures that leads to hearing loss, tinnitus, facial weakness, dizziness, vertigo, and imbalance after gamma knife surgery (GKS) for vestibular schwannomas (VSs) is unknown. The authors quantified the dose of radiation received by these structures after GKS for VS to assess the likelihood that these doses contributed to postradiosurgery complications. Methods. A retrospective study was performed using a prospectively acquired database of a consecutive series of 54 patients with VS who were treated with GKS during a 3.5-year period at an "open unit" gamma knife center. Point doses were measured for 18 healthy temporal bone structures in each patient, with the anatomical position of each sampling point confirmed by a fellowship-trained neurootologist. These values were compared against single-dose equivalents for the 5-year tolerance dose for a 5% risk of complications and the 5-year tolerance dose for a 50% risk of complications, which were calculated using known 2-Gy/fraction thresholds for chronic otitis, chondromalacia, and osseous necrosis, as well as the tumor margin dose and typical tumor margin prescription doses for patients in whom hearing preservation was attempted. External and middle ear doses were uniformly low. The intratemporal facial nerve is susceptible to unintentionally high radiation exposure at the fundus of the internal auditory canal, with higher than tumor margin doses detected in 26% of cases. In the cochlea, the basal turn near the modiolus and its inferior portion are most susceptible, with doses greater than 12 Gy detected in 10.8 and 14.8% of cases. In the vestibular labyrinth, the ampulated ends of the lateral and posterior semicircular canals are most susceptible, with doses greater than 12 Gy detected in 7.4 and 5.1% of cases. Conclusions. Doses delivered to middle and external ear structures are unlikely to contribute to post-GKS complications, but unexpectedly high doses may be delivered to sensitive areas of the intratemporal facial nerve and inner ear. Unintentional delivery of high doses to the stria vascularis, the sensory neuroepithelium of the inner ear organs and/or their ganglia, may play a role in the development of post-GKS tinnitus, hearing loss, dizziness, vertigo, and imbalance. Minimizing treatment complications post-GKS for VS requires precise dose planning conformality with the three-dimensional surface of the tumor. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Univ Arkansas, Dept Neurosurg, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. San Diego Gamma Knife Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA. RP Johnstone, PAS (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM pajohnstone@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 37 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA UNIV VIRGINIA, 1224 WEST MAIN ST, STE 450, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0022-3085 J9 J NEUROSURG JI J. Neurosurg. PD APR PY 2003 VL 98 IS 4 BP 800 EP 806 DI 10.3171/jns.2003.98.4.0800 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 662AD UT WOS:000181922400012 PM 12691405 ER PT J AU Mazurek, MT Pennington, SE Mills, WJ AF Mazurek, MT Pennington, SE Mills, WJ TI Successful reimplantation of a large segment of femoral shaft in a type IIIA open femur fracture: A case report SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA LA English DT Article DE open fracture; bone loss; reimplantation ID BONE LOSS; DEFECTS; RECONSTRUCTION; FRAGMENT; GRAFTS AB Segmental bone loss associated With high-energy open fractures is a difficult problem. The more perplexing, and controversial problem is that faced when the extruded segment of bone is retrieved from the field and available for potential reimplantation. Here we present successful reimplantation of a 13-cm segment of meta-diaphyseal femur in a 15-year-old boy. Successful reimplantation of the fragment was attributed to the anatomic location of the injury, meticulous Wound care. multiple debridements. sterilization of the extruded fragment in chlorhexidine, and the patient's age. C1 Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Inland Orthopaed Surg & Sports Med Clin, Pullman, WA USA. RP Mills, WJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 325 9Th Ave,Box 359798, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0890-5339 J9 J ORTHOP TRAUMA JI J. Orthop. Trauma PD APR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 BP 295 EP 299 DI 10.1097/00005131-200304000-00009 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 664YP UT WOS:000182092900009 PM 12679691 ER PT J AU Lu, ML Wang, J Freedman, A Jonsson, HH Flagan, RC McClatchey, RA Seinfeld, JH AF Lu, ML Wang, J Freedman, A Jonsson, HH Flagan, RC McClatchey, RA Seinfeld, JH TI Analysis of humidity halos around trade wind cumulus clouds SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; WATER-VAPOR; ABSORPTION; MICROPHYSICS; DETRAINMENT; TROPOSPHERE; ATMOSPHERES; SIMULATION; CONVECTION; EVOLUTION AB Regions of enhanced humidity in the vicinity of cumulus clouds, so-called cloud halos, reflect features of cloud evolution, exert radiative effects, and may serve as a locus for new particle formation. Reported here are the results of an aircraft sampling campaign carried out near Oahu, Hawaii, from 31 July through 10 August 2001, aimed at characterizing the properties of trade wind cumulus cloud halos. An Aerodyne Research, Inc., fast spectroscopic water vapor sensor, flown for the first time in this campaign, allowed characterization of humidity properties at 10-m spatial resolution. Statistical properties of 60 traverses through cloud halos over the campaign were in general agreement with measurements reported by Perry and Hobbs. One particularly long-lived cloud is analyzed in detail, through both airborne measurement and numerical simulation, to track evolution of the cloud halos over the cloud's lifetime. Results of both observation and the simulation show that cloud halos tend to be broad at lower levels and narrow at upper levels, and broader on the downshear side than on the upshear side, broadening with time particularly in the downshear direction. The high correlation of clear-air turbulence distribution with the halo distribution temporally and spatially suggests that the halo forms, in part, due to turbulent mixing at the cloud boundary. Radiative calculations carried out on the simulated cloud and halo field indicate that the halo radiative effect is largest near cloud top during mature and dissipation stages. The halo-enhanced atmospheric shortwave absorption, averaged over this period, is about 1.3% of total solar absorption in the column. C1 CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Seinfeld, JH (reprint author), CALTECH, 210-41, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Wang, Jian/G-9344-2011 NR 50 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD APR PY 2003 VL 60 IS 8 BP 1041 EP 1059 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(2003)60<1041:AOHHAT>2.0.CO;2 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 667GC UT WOS:000182222100003 ER PT J AU Mansour, AN Smith, PH Baker, WM Balasubramanian, M McBreen, J AF Mansour, AN Smith, PH Baker, WM Balasubramanian, M McBreen, J TI A comparative in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of nanophase V2O5 aerogel and ambigel cathodes SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION; LITHIUM INTERCALATION; VANADIUM-OXIDE; K-EDGE; BATTERIES; XEROGEL; XAS; SPECTRA AB We examined the evolution of the oxidation state and atomic structure of V in nanophase V2O5 aerogel and ambigel cathodes under in situ conditions using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). We show that the oxidation state of V in V2O5 aerogel and ambigel cathodes heated under vacuum (100 muTorr) at 220degreesC for 16 h is similar to that of V in a commercially obtained sample of orthorhombic V2O5. However, the local structure of V in aerogel and ambigel V2O5 has a higher degree of local symmetry relative to orthorhombic V2O5 and/or the average V-O bond length is greater than that of orthorhombic V2O5. Furthermore, we show that during the first cycle of discharge, the degree of Li insertion (x in Li-x V2O5) for the ambigel cathode is greater than that of the aerogel cathode (x = 3.06 for the ambigel cathode compared to x = 2.68 for the aerogel cathode) for the same cut-off voltage. Accordingly, the observed V K-edge energy shift for the fully discharged ambigel cathode is greater than that observed for the fully discharged aerogel cathode, and hence, the extent of reduction of pentavalent V is greater for the ambigel cathode. In both cases, the extent of reduction of the V is consistent with the amount of Li inserted (i.e., Li-x V2O5). Initially, pentavalent V is reduced to tetravalent V in the intercalation range 0 < x < 2 and then tetravalent V is reduced to trivalent V upon insertion of more Li (x > 2). Analyses of Fourier transform data reveal that V has a higher degree of local symmetry in the discharged state relative to that of the charged state. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Mat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Code 644, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM MansourAN@nswccd.navy.mil NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 EI 1945-7111 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD APR PY 2003 VL 150 IS 4 BP A403 EP A413 DI 10.1149/1.1554911 PG 11 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 654UU UT WOS:000181515100001 ER PT J AU Fang, JY Ma, W Selinger, JV Shashidhar, R AF Fang, JY Ma, W Selinger, JV Shashidhar, R TI Imaging biological cells using liquid crystals SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; OPTICAL AMPLIFICATION; NEURONS; CULTURE AB Biological cells have been imaged using liquid crystals as an optical amplification medium. Preferential orientation of the liquid-crystal molecules at the surfaces of cells immobilized on substrates leads to well-resolved images, with very sharp contrast compared to images observed by standard phase-contrast microscopy. The feasibility of this technique has been demonstrated for muscle cells, fat cells, and neurons. Calculations based on a continuum elastic theory reproduce the observed features of the images of muscle and fat cells and allow us to estimate the optimum resolution that can be achieved by this technique. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fang, JY (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Selinger, Jonathan/D-1445-2010 OI Selinger, Jonathan/0000-0002-4982-2457 NR 13 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD APR 1 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 7 BP 2865 EP 2869 DI 10.1021/la0264062 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 662ZT UT WOS:000181980900048 ER PT J AU Francisco, MEY Burgess, JP George, C Bailey, GS Gilliam, AF Seltzman, HH Thomas, BF AF Francisco, MEY Burgess, JP George, C Bailey, GS Gilliam, AF Seltzman, HH Thomas, BF TI Structure elucidation of a novel ring-constrained biaryl pyrazole CB, cannabinoid receptor antagonist SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE NMR; H-1 NMR; C-13 NMR; 2D NMR; X-ray; pyrazolo[1,5-f]phenanthridine; photocyclization; cannabinoid antagonists; conformation ID TRITIATION; SR141716A AB Upon irradiation with a 450 W high-pressure mercury lamp, the CB, cannabinoid antagonist N-(piperidinyl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-H-1-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (SR14-1716; 1) undergoes a photocyclization reaction to yield a single reaction product. This product, 2, the structure of which is based on a pyrazolo[1,5-f]phenanthridine ring system, was established by two-dimensional NMR techniques (COSY, HSQC, HMBC and ROESY), and was later confirmed by single-crystal x-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal structure shows two independent molecules of 3 and a half molecule of the 1,2-dichloroethane solvate. Compound 2 has reasonably high affinity for the CB, receptor (K-i = 48.0 +/- 2.7 nm). Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 RTI Int, Chem & Life Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Thomas, BF (reprint author), RTI Int, Chem & Life Sci, POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM bft@rti.org NR 11 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0749-1581 J9 MAGN RESON CHEM JI Magn. Reson. Chem. PD APR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 4 BP 265 EP 268 DI 10.1002/mrc.1174 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 660VW UT WOS:000181855600006 ER PT J AU Gray, WO Waters, JK Blume, AL Landsburg, AC AF Gray, WO Waters, JK Blume, AL Landsburg, AC TI Channel design and vessel maneuverability: Next steps SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY AND SNAME NEWS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the New-York-Metropolitan-Section-of-the-Society-of-Naval-Architects-and-Mar ine-Engineers CY JAN 09, 2002 CL JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY SP Soc Naval Architects Marine Engn, New York Metropolitan Sect AB A recent workshop on channel design and vessel maneuverability brought together channel designers, naval architects, pilots, and ship operators to review and share design approaches and standards that affect safety of operations. The desire was to develop policy recommendations that can be implemented both in the way channels are laid out and enlarged and how ships of various types using them should be designed and handled. Resulting recommendations based on the discussions promise to improve overall safety of ship operations in restricted waterways. C1 Gray Maritime Co, Darien, CT 06820 USA. USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. US Coast Guard, Off Vessel Traff Management, Washington, DC USA. Maritime Adv, Washington, DC USA. RP Gray, WO (reprint author), Gray Maritime Co, Darien, CT 06820 USA. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NAVAL ARCH MARINE ENG PI JERSEY CITY PA 601 PAVONIA AVENUE, JERSEY CITY, NJ 07306 USA SN 0025-3316 J9 MAR TECHNOL SNAME N JI Mar. Technol. Sname News PD APR PY 2003 VL 40 IS 2 BP 93 EP 105 PG 13 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 669RW UT WOS:000182365100004 ER PT J AU Horev, T Katz, J Almog, D Goldberg, A Shpigelman, LCA Rajnay, W AF Horev, T Katz, J Almog, D Goldberg, A Shpigelman, LCA Rajnay, W TI Oral health disparities between ranks in a military environment: Israel Defense Force as a model SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DENTAL-HEALTH; POPULATION; CARIES; VARIABLES; CPITN; CARE AB Some studies have demonstrated a relationship between occupational status and position in the workplace to use of dental services and oral health status. Ranks symbolize social status in the military hierarchy, which is different from that accepted in civilian workplace. Objective: This study was aimed at analyzing differences between officers and noncommissioned personnel in regard to dental treatment needs and use of dental services. Methods: One-thousand, one-hundred thirty-nine personnel of the Israel Defense Force were examined, using DMFT (decayed, missing, filled permanent teeth) and CPITN (community periodontal index of treatment needs) indices to define oral health status. A questionnaire was used to calculate utilization rates. Results: Noncommissioned personnel had on average 50% more unmet caries treatment needs, and 19.1% of them suffered from deep periodontal pockets. No differences were demonstrated in utilization rates. Conclusions: Military rank influences oral treatment needs the way civilian organizational structure does with the exception of utilization rates of dental services. C1 Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Hadassah Sch Dent Med, Dept Community Dent, IL-91010 Jerusalem, Israel. Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. Coll Dent, Dept Oral Maxillofacial Surg & Diagnost Sci, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Univ Rochester, Eastman Dent Ctr, Rochester, NY 14620 USA. USN Reserve, Dental Corps, VA Med Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs, Canandaigua, NY 14424 USA. RP Horev, T (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Hadassah Sch Dent Med, Dept Community Dent, POB 1172, IL-91010 Jerusalem, Israel. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 4 BP 326 EP 329 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AE UT WOS:000186549600011 PM 12733679 ER PT J AU Lucas, TW McGunnigle, JE AF Lucas, TW McGunnigle, JE TI When is model complexity too much? Illustrating the benefits of simple models with Hughes' salvo equations SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS LA English DT Article DE combat models; defense analysis; Hughes' salvo equations; JWARS; simulation; value of information AB The simulations that many defense analysts rely upon in their studies continue to grow in size and complexity. This paper contrasts the guidance that the authors have received-from some of the giants of military operations research-with the current practice. In particular, the analytic utility of Hughes' simple salvo equations is compared with that of the complex Joint Warfighting System (JWARS), with respect to JWARS' key performance parameters. The comparison suggests that a family of analytic tools supports the best analyses. It follows that smaller, more agile, and transparent models, such as Hughes' salvo equations, are underutilized in defense analyses. We believe that these models should receive more attention, use, and funding. To illustrate this point, this paper uses two very simple models (by modem standards) to rapidly generate insights on the value of information relative to force strength. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. USN, Kings Bay, GA 31547 USA. RP Lucas, TW (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Room G-236, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 48 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0894-069X J9 NAV RES LOG JI Nav. Res. Logist. PD APR PY 2003 VL 50 IS 3 BP 197 EP 217 DI 10.1002/nav.10062 PG 21 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA 658XG UT WOS:000181745900001 ER PT J AU Ross, CTF Huat, BH Chei, TB Chong, CM Mackney, MDA AF Ross, CTF Huat, BH Chei, TB Chong, CM Mackney, MDA TI The buckling of GRP hemi-ellipsoidal dome shells under external hydrostatic pressure SO OCEAN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE GRP domes; hemi-ellipsoidal shells; oblate; buckling; finite elements; external pressure AB The paper reports on a theoretical and an experimental investigation into six GRP hemi-ellipsoidal dome shells, which were tested to destruction under external hydrostatic pressure. All six domes were of oblate shape and of three different aspect ratios. Each aspect ratio consisted of two dome shells, one made from two layers of glass fibre and one made from three layers of glass fibre. The theoretical analysis was via the finite element method where a non-linear theory was used which allowed for both geometrical and material non-linearity. Comparison between theory and experiment was good. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Portsmouth, Dept Mech Engn, Portsmouth, Hants, England. USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Ross, CTF (reprint author), 6 Hurstville Dr, Waterlooville PO7 7NB, Hants, England. NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0029-8018 J9 OCEAN ENG JI Ocean Eng. PD APR PY 2003 VL 30 IS 5 BP 691 EP 705 AR PII S0029-8018(02)00039-2 DI 10.1016/S0029-8018(02)00039-2 PG 15 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 639TB UT WOS:000180644500007 ER PT J AU Mahalanobis, A Sims, SRF Van Nevel, A AF Mahalanobis, A Sims, SRF Van Nevel, A TI Signal-to-clutter measure for measuring automatic target recognition performance using complimentary eigenvalue distribution analysis SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE signal-to-clutter ratio; automatic target recognition; eigenvalue; eigenvectors ID CLASSIFICATION AB The performance of an automatic target recognition (ATR) algorithm is not only influenced by the relevance of the prior (training) information, but also by the level of difficulty posed by the clutter that surrounds the target. Thus, an objective measure of target- (or signal-) to-clutter ratio (SCR) is important for the assessment of ATRs. We describe a new metric for SCR based on an eigen analysis of a two-class problem. It is believed that an SCR metric, along with a measure for the relevancy of the training data, are the key parameters for the characterization of ATR performance. Various examples are given to illustrate the application of eigen analysis in determining the difficulty level of finding a particular target in the presence of clutter, and consequently how this new SCR metric defines the potential for false alarms. (C) 2003 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Lockheed Martin, Missles & Fire Control Syst, Orlando, FL 32819 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Missile Guidance Directorate, Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. USN, Image & Signal Proc Branch, Sensors & Signal Sci Div, Dept Res,Air Warfare Ctr ,Weapon Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Mahalanobis, A (reprint author), Lockheed Martin, Missles & Fire Control Syst, MP 450,5600 Sandlake Rd, Orlando, FL 32819 USA. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD APR PY 2003 VL 42 IS 4 BP 1144 EP 1151 DI 10.1117/1.1556012 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 666UE UT WOS:000182194200038 ER PT J AU Hoffer, ME Wester, D Kopke, RD Weisskopf, P Gottshall, K AF Hoffer, ME Wester, D Kopke, RD Weisskopf, P Gottshall, K TI Transtympanic management of tinnitus SO OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MENIERES-DISEASE; INTRATYMPANIC GENTAMICIN; THERAPY; HEARING AB Transtympanic therapy is becoming an important treatment modality for a number of otologic complaints. This article reviews the rationale and history for transtympanic therapy in the treatment of tinnitus. Results in two groups of tinnitus patients are then examined: those with Meniere's disease and those with tinnitus secondary to sudden or noise-induced sensorineural hearing loss. Finally, the difficulties with the current therapies and the questions that need to be addressed both in basic and clinical research are discussed, and where clinicians hope to be in the future with this therapy is examined. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Dept Def Spatial Orientat Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Hoffer, ME (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Dept Def Spatial Orientat Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0030-6665 J9 OTOLARYNG CLIN N AM JI Otolaryngol. Clin. N. Am. PD APR PY 2003 VL 36 IS 2 BP 353 EP + DI 10.1016/S0030-6665(02)00166-4 PG 8 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 675EF UT WOS:000182679500012 PM 12856303 ER PT J AU Blaschke, GS Lynch, J AF Blaschke, GS Lynch, J TI Terrorism: Its impact on primary pediatrics, part III SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA USA. USN Reserve, Med Corps, Washington, DC USA. USA, Med Corps, Washington, DC USA. RP Blaschke, GS (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD APR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 4 BP 216 EP 217 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 665LT UT WOS:000182122800002 PM 12723115 ER PT J AU Blaschke, GS Palfrey, JS Lynch, J AF Blaschke, GS Palfrey, JS Lynch, J TI Advocating for children during uncertain times SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA. Childrens Hosp, Div Gen Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USN Reserve, Med Corps, Washington, DC USA. USA, Med Corps, Washington, DC USA. RP Blaschke, GS (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD APR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 4 BP 271 EP + PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 665LT UT WOS:000182122800009 PM 12723122 ER PT J AU Epperly, M AF Epperly, M TI Graduating during a time of war SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN Reserve, Med Corps, Washington, DC USA. RP Epperly, M (reprint author), USN Reserve, Med Corps, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD APR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 4 BP 275 EP 276 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 665LT UT WOS:000182122800010 PM 12723123 ER PT J AU Ralston, ME Ecklund, K Emans, JB Torrey, SB Bailey, MC Schutzman, SA AF Ralston, ME Ecklund, K Emans, JB Torrey, SB Bailey, MC Schutzman, SA TI Role of oblique radiographs in blunt pediatric cervical spine injury SO PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE LA English DT Article DE cervical spine injury; oblique cervical spine radiography; standard cervical spine radiography ID RADIOLOGIC EVALUATION; WHIPLASH INJURIES; TRAUMA; RECOMMENDATIONS; DIAGNOSIS AB Objective: To determine the usefulness of oblique cervical spine radiography (OCSR) in the management of children who have sustained blunt cervical spine injury, particularly if OCSR is abnormal when no acute abnormalities are shown on standard cervical spine radiography (SCSR). Methods: We carried out a blinded radiographic review of 109 patients younger than 16 years evaluated at an academic pediatric trauma center and a community hospital between July 1990 and December 1997. All patients had SCSR (antero-posterior/lateral views) and OCSR performed for a trauma-related event within 7 days of injury. Results: In 105 patients (96.3%), radiographic impression after review of SCSR and OCSR did not differ from that after SCSR review alone (95% confidence interval 90.9%, 99.0%). Radiographic impression was revised after OCSR review in 4 patients, all with equivocal findings on SCSR, to normal in three patients and abnormal in one patient (subluxation). Of 78 patients without acute abnormalities on SCSR, no patient had acute abnormalities on OCSR (95% CI, 0-3.8%). Conclusions: In our series of 109 children who underwent acute radiographic evaluation of blunt cervical spine trauma, oblique views were unlikely to be abnormal if no acute abnormalities were evident on standard anteroposterior and lateral radiographs. Although few patients are likely to benefit from the addition of these views on a routine basis, a useful role for oblique cervical spine radiographs in detecting cervical spine injury in children cannot be excluded based on the results of this study. C1 Harvard Univ, Childrens Hosp Boston, Div Emergency Med, Dept Med,Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Childrens Hosp Boston, Dept Radiol, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Childrens Hosp Boston, Dept Orthoped Surg, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Ralston, ME (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, 27 Effingham St, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0749-5161 J9 PEDIATR EMERG CARE JI Pediatr. Emerg. Care PD APR PY 2003 VL 19 IS 2 BP 68 EP 72 DI 10.1097/00006565-200304000-00002 PG 5 WC Emergency Medicine; Pediatrics SC Emergency Medicine; Pediatrics GA 668QK UT WOS:000182304500002 PM 12698028 ER PT J AU Zuniga, ML Sidelinger, D Herzog, K Hurst, S Reznik, V Nader, P Blaschke, G AF Zuniga, ML Sidelinger, D Herzog, K Hurst, S Reznik, V Nader, P Blaschke, G TI What residents bring to the table: Self-awareness in delivery of culturally effective care SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Society CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Div Community Pediat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 4 SU S MA 499 BP 88A EP 88A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 661PA UT WOS:000181897900500 ER PT J AU Sidelinger, DE Herzog, KE Silva, FA Blaschke, GS Nader, PR Reznik, V AF Sidelinger, DE Herzog, KE Silva, FA Blaschke, GS Nader, PR Reznik, V TI Continuity clinic community snapshot: Engaging pediatric residents to learn about the communities in which they live and work SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Society CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, Div Community Pediat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 4 SU S MA 524 BP 92A EP 92A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 661PA UT WOS:000181897900525 ER PT J AU Yang, CH Yang, MJ Cheng, KA Culbertson, JC AF Yang, CH Yang, MJ Cheng, KA Culbertson, JC TI A novel InAs quantum wire system SO PHYSICA E-LOW-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS & NANOSTRUCTURES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superlattices Nano-Structures and Nano-Devices (ICSNN-02) CY JUL 22-26, 2002 CL TOULOUSE, FRANCE DE quantum wire; InAs; one-dimensional electrons; surface Fermi level pinning AB We report here a new technique in patterning high quality low-dimensional electrons in single InAs quantum wells. Grown by molecular beam epitaxy, the single InAs quantum well is sandwiched between AlSb barriers and capped by a thin layer of InAs. When the InAs cap layer is patterned by electron beam lithography and selectively removed, electrons are induced in the InAs quantum well below due to the different surface Fermi level pinning voltages on the exposed AlSb layer from the InAs cap. One-dimensional quantum wires can thus be conveniently defined by lithography and nm-shallow etching. We demonstrate that these one-dimensional electrons posses a long elastic mean free path ( > 1.4 mum) and a long coherence length (> 3 mum) at 2 K. (C)) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM yang@eng.umd.edu NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-9477 EI 1873-1759 J9 PHYSICA E JI Physica E PD APR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 1-4 BP 161 EP 163 DI 10.1016/S1386-9477(02)00731-2 PG 3 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 675ND UT WOS:000182700700056 ER PT J AU Foygel, M Morris, RD Petukhov, AG AF Foygel, M Morris, RD Petukhov, AG TI Variable-range hopping of spin polarons: Magnetoresistance in a modified Mott regime SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BOUND MAGNETIC POLARON; SEMICONDUCTORS; PERCOLATION AB We analize electrical conductivity controlled by hopping of bound spin polarons in disordered solids with wide distributions of electron energies and polaron shifts (barriers). By means of percolation theory and Monte Carlo simulations we have shown that in such materials at low temperatures, when hopping occurs in the vicinity of the Fermi level, a hard polaron gap does not manifest itself in the transport properties. This happens because as temperature decreases the hopping polaron trades the decreasing electron and polaron barriers for increasing hopping distance. As a result, in the absence of the Coulomb correlation effects, in this variable-range variable-barrier hopping regime, the electrical resistivity, rho, as a function of temperature, T, obeys a nonactivation law: ln(rho/rho(0))=(T/T)(p) with p=2/(d+2), where d is the dimensionality of the system. It differs from the standard Mott law for which p=1/(d+1). Also, we studied the effects of upper and lower boundaries in the polaron shift distribution on hopping conduction, which may result in a partial reentrance of the hard polaron gap. We discuss possible applications to the problem of giant negative magnetoresistance in dilute magnetic semiconductors and nanocomposites where for paramanetic materials p=3/(d+2). C1 S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. NASA, USRA RIACS, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Foygel, M (reprint author), S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. NR 22 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 13 AR 134205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.134205 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 673WW UT WOS:000182604100047 ER PT J AU Carroll, TL AF Carroll, TL TI Low-frequency switching in a transistor amplifier SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID L-DIODE CIRCUIT; CHAOTIC BEHAVIOR; COLPITTS OSCILLATOR; RESONATOR AB It is known from extensive work with the diode resonator that the nonlinear properties of a P-N junction can lead to period doubling, chaos, and other complicated behaviors in a driven circuit. There has been very little work on what happens when more than one P-N junction is present. In this work, the first step towards multiple P-N junction circuits is taken by doing both experiments and simulations with a single-transistor amplifier using a bipolar transistor. Period doubling and chaos are seen when the amplifier is driven with signals between 100 kHz and 1 MHz, and they coincide with a very low frequency switching between different period doubled (or chaotic) wave forms. The switching frequencies are between 5 and 10 Hz. The switching behavior was confirmed in a simplified model of the transistor amplifier. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Carroll, TL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 4 AR 046208 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.046208 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 677UD UT WOS:000182825400045 ER PT J AU Thomas, E Amatucci, WE Compton, C Christy, B Jackson, JD AF Thomas, E Amatucci, WE Compton, C Christy, B Jackson, JD TI Periodic long-range transport in a large volume dc glow discharge dusty plasma SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SMALL PARTICLES; ACOUSTIC-WAVES; GRAINS AB In an earlier paper, the authors reported on observations of a variety of particle transport phenomena observed in DUPLEX-the DUsty PLasma EXperiment at the Naval Research Laboratory [E. Thomas, Jr., W. E. Amatucci, C. Compton, and B. Christy, Phys. Plasmas 9, 3154 (2002)]. DUPLEX is a large, transparent polycarbonate cylinder that is 40 cm in radius and 80 cm in height. dc glow discharge argon plasmas are generated in DUPLEX. In this paper, the authors expand upon one particular feature of particle transport in DUPLEX, the long-range (i.e., greater than 15 cm), periodic (Tsimilar to2.5 min) transport of suspended alumina particles through the plasma. A detailed description of this particle motion through the plasma is presented. Finally, a qualitative model describing the phenomena that lead to this transport is also given. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Thomas, E (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM etjr@physics.auburn.edu NR 16 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1159 EP 1163 DI 10.1063/1.1559994 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 658PE UT WOS:000181728700029 ER PT J AU Jin, H Wu, H Osterhaus, G Wei, JN Davis, K Sha, D Floor, E Hsu, CC Kopke, RD Wu, JY AF Jin, H Wu, H Osterhaus, G Wei, JN Davis, K Sha, D Floor, E Hsu, CC Kopke, RD Wu, JY TI Demonstration of functional coupling between gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis and vesicular GABA transport into synaptic vesicles SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID L-GLUTAMATE DECARBOXYLASE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; DYNAMIC STORAGE; 67-KDA ISOFORM; 65-KDA ISOFORM; CLEFT-PALATE; MICE LACKING; BRAIN; PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN AB L-Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) exists as both membrane-associated and soluble forms in the mammalian brain. Here, we propose that there is a functional and structural coupling between the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by membrane-associated GAD and its packaging into synaptic vesicles (SVs) by vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT): This notion is supported by the following observations. First, newly synthesized [H-3]GABA from [H-3]L-glutamate by membrane-associated GAD is taken up preferentially over preexisting GABA by using immunoaffinity-purified GABAergic SVs. Second, the activity of SV-associated GAD and VGAT seems to be coupled because inhibition of GAD also decreases VGAT activity. Third, VGAT and SV-associated Ca2+/ calmodulin-dependent kinase II have been found to form a protein complex with GAD. A model is also proposed to link the neuronal stimulation to enhanced synthesis and packaging of GABA into SVs. C1 Univ Kansas, Dept Mol Biosci, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Kansas, Dept Med Chem, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. USN Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Wu, JY (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Mol Biosci, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS037851, NS37851] NR 33 TC 137 Z9 141 U1 0 U2 10 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD APR 1 PY 2003 VL 100 IS 7 BP 4293 EP 4298 DI 10.1073/pnas.0730698100 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 664JR UT WOS:000182058400135 PM 12634427 ER PT J AU Knopf, JW AF Knopf, JW TI The importance of international learning SO REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual APSA Conference CY 2001 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP APSA ID REGIMES AB A programme of research on learning in international relations began developing in the 1980s. However, learning research has not realised its potential. This article seeks to stimulate new work on learning by analysing why learning is important in international relations and outlining a research focus that reflects this assessment of learning's significance. The research so far has mostly treated learning as a foreign policy phenomenon, but this fails to capture one of the major reasons for interest in learning. Learning matters in part because of long-standing debates about whether it is possible to make progress in reducing the amount of armed conflict in world politics. For such progress to occur, it is likely that some form of learning would have to take place. However, learning by just a single state will often not be sufficient to change the quality of international outcomes. There thus needs to be research specifically on the possibility of shared learning by two or more states, a research focus this article will label 'international learning'. A few illustrative examples will demonstrate the feasibility of doing research on shared, cross-national learning. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Knopf, JW (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 64 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4221 USA SN 0260-2105 J9 REV INT STUD JI Rev. Int. Stud. PD APR PY 2003 VL 29 IS 2 BP 185 EP 207 DI 10.1017/S0260210503000123 PG 23 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 668UE UT WOS:000182310900002 ER PT J AU Wu, PK Ringeisen, BR Krizman, DB Frondoza, CG Brooks, M Bubb, DM Auyeung, RCY Pique, A Spargo, B McGill, RA Chrisey, DB AF Wu, PK Ringeisen, BR Krizman, DB Frondoza, CG Brooks, M Bubb, DM Auyeung, RCY Pique, A Spargo, B McGill, RA Chrisey, DB TI Laser transfer of biomaterials: Matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) and MAPLE Direct Write SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS; ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSOR; SOFT LITHOGRAPHY; DEPOSITION; SURFACES; ABLATION; PROTEINS; GLUCOSE; DNA AB Two techniques for transferring biomaterial using a pulsed laser beam were developed: matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) and MAPLE direct write (MDW). MAPLE is a large-area vacuum based technique suitable for coatings, i.e., antibiofouling, and MDW is a localized deposition technique capable of fast prototyping of devices, i.e., protein or tissue arrays. Both techniques have demonstrated the capability of transferring large (mol wt >100 kDa) molecules in different forms, e.g., liquid and gel, and preserving their functions. They can deposit patterned films with spatial accuracy and resolution of tens of mum and layering on a variety of substrate materials and geometries. MDW can dispense volumes less than 100 pl, transfer solid tissues, fabricate a complete device, and is computed aided design/computer aided manufacturing compatible. They are noncontact techniques and can be integrated with other sterile processes. These attributes are substantiated by films and arrays of biomaterials, e.g., polymers, enzymes, proteins, eucaryotic cells, and tissue, and a dopamine sensor. These examples, the instrumentation, basic mechanisms, a comparison with other techniques, and future developments are discussed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NCI, Ctr Adv Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. Good Samaritan Hosp, Johns Hopkins Orthopaed, Baltimore, MD 21239 USA. So Oregon Univ, Dept Phys, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. RP Wu, PK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 66 TC 96 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 4 BP 2546 EP 2557 DI 10.1063/1.1544081 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 660JA UT WOS:000181829000043 ER PT J AU Calloni, E Baker, JT Barone, F DeRosa, R Di Fiore, L Milano, L Restaino, SR AF Calloni, E Baker, JT Barone, F DeRosa, R Di Fiore, L Milano, L Restaino, SR TI Adaptive optics approach for prefiltering of geometrical fluctuations of the input laser beam of an interferometric gravitational waves detector SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID ALIGNMENT AB In this article we present a preliminary study and experimental results on the use of an adaptive optics (AO) system for the reduction of geometrical fluctuations in a laser beam. The AO system is based on a Shack-Hartmann wave front sensor and a micromachined deformable mirror as a corrective element. The aim of this work is to investigate the applicability of such technologies to improving wave front clean-up conditions in long baseline interferometric gravitational wave detection. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. Boeing LTS, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. AFRL, DEBS Kirtland AF Base, Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Sci Pharmaceut, I-84100 Salerno, Italy. RP Calloni, E (reprint author), Univ Naples Federico II, Complesso Univ Monte St Angelo,Via Cinthia, Naples, Italy. OI Milano, Leopoldo/0000-0001-9487-5876; calloni, enrico/0000-0003-4819-3297 NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 4 BP 2570 EP 2574 DI 10.1063/1.1537043 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 660JA UT WOS:000181829000046 ER PT J AU Moon, DW Lambrakos, SG Wong, RJ Metzbower, EA AF Moon, DW Lambrakos, SG Wong, RJ Metzbower, EA TI Macrostructure, hardness, and temperature in HSLA100 steel weld SO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF WELDING AND JOINING LA English DT Article AB A unique weld has been fabricated in HSLA 100 steel plate by gas metal arc welding at a heat input of 1(.)0 kJ mm(-1). The initial pass was made over the entire length of the plate ( similar to 750 mm). Each subsequent pass was indented approximately 25 mm and then made over the remaining length of the plate. This configuration allowed the consequence of a subsequent weld pass on the prior weld beads to be examined by slicing the welds at appropriate positions along its length. These slices were then polished and the macrostructure was determined. Hardness maps were then determined over the entire weld zone, including the heat affected zone and the base plate. Correlations were then determined between the hardness maps and the macrostructure. A bead on plate weld was made at the same heat input and was used to determine the temperature regimes in the weld as well as the thermal profile from these areas. Relationships are established between the various microstructures, the macrostructure, the calculated thermal profiles, and the hardness values. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USN, Ctr Surface Weap, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Moon, DW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6324, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 7 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA HUDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLAND SN 1362-1718 J9 SCI TECHNOL WELD JOI JI Sci. Technol. Weld. Join. PD APR PY 2003 VL 8 IS 2 BP 95 EP 101 DI 10.1179/136217103225010880 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 683CV UT WOS:000183130600003 ER PT J AU Weir, GE AF Weir, GE TI Fast attacks and boomers: Submarines in the Cold War - The National Museum of American History SO TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE LA English DT Article C1 USN, Hist Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Weir, GE (reprint author), USN, Hist Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4319 USA SN 0040-165X J9 TECHNOL CULT JI Technol. Cult. PD APR PY 2003 VL 44 IS 2 BP 359 EP 363 DI 10.1353/tech.2003.0096 PG 5 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA 675MD UT WOS:000182698300007 ER PT J AU Arnaud, FG Meryman, HT AF Arnaud, FG Meryman, HT TI WBC reduction in cryopreserved RBC units SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID RED-BLOOD-CELLS; PRESTORAGE LEUKOREDUCTION; TRANSFUSION REACTIONS; LEUKOCYTES; GLYCEROL; COMPONENTS; APOPTOSIS; PLASMA; FROZEN AB BACKGROUND: WBC reduction of blood components by filtration is widely practiced to decrease the incidence of alloimmunization. Freezing RBCs reduces the WBC load but is insufficient to achieve the currently recommended US limit of 5 X 10(6) cells per unit. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Blood units were WBC reduced by filtration or by buffy-coat (BC) removal and then frozen in the presence of a high-glycerol concentration. The count of residual WBCs was determined by flow cytometry after deglycerolization. RESULTS: Without WBC reduction, the total number of WBCs present after freezing and thawing was 11.5 +/- 9.2 x 10(6) WBCs per unit (n = 18). Particulate residues from monocytes and neutrophils that were detected in the remaining cell populations were positive for CD66b, CD3, CD14, and CD41. Removal of 40 mL of BC at the time of blood collection lowered the number of WBCs after freezing and deglycerolization to 1.9 +/- 1.20 x 10(6) per unit (n = 11). Similar results were obtained when only 20 mL of BC was removed using a modified bloodbag design. Unfiltered RBC units that were stored for 15 days at 4degreesC after BC.removal contained fewer than 5 x 10(6) WBCs after deglycerolization. Units WBC reduced by filtration before freezing had no detectable WBCs after thawing and washing (n = 14) and did not contain particulate residues. Filtration after deglycerolization was effective in reducing the WBC count below 10(6), although some debris was still present. CONCLUSION: RBC freezing alone will not reduce residual counts to recommended levels. However, initial removal of BC can provide an economical alternative to WBC filtration for cryopreserved units. Units that were not WBC reduced before freezing can be filtered after deglycerolization when needed. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Combat Casualty Care, Resuscitat Med Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Arnaud, FG (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Combat Casualty Care, Resuscitat Med Program, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD APR PY 2003 VL 43 IS 4 BP 517 EP 525 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2003.00358.x PG 9 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 664RQ UT WOS:000182075000016 PM 12662286 ER PT J AU Freedland, SJ Presti, JC Amling, CL Kane, CJ Aronson, WJ Dorey, F Terris, MK AF Freedland, SJ Presti, JC Amling, CL Kane, CJ Aronson, WJ Dorey, F Terris, MK CA Search Database Study Grp TI Time trends in biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy: Results of the search database SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEXTANT BIOPSIES; EXTRACAPSULAR EXTENSION; CANCER INCIDENCE; ANTIGEN; RATES; MORTALITY; STAGE; DISEASE; ERA AB Objectives. To determine whether in the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) era stage and/or grade migration of patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) has occurred. We also examined whether the biochemical recurrence rates after RIP have changed with time. Methods. A total of 1654 patients from the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital (SEARCH) database were analyzed for time trends in age, preoperative PSA level, clinical stage, biopsy Gleason score, prostatectomy Gleason grade, pathologic stage, margin status, and recurrence rates after RP. Results were stratified into three 4-year blocks of time between 1988 and 2002 for analysis. Results. The preoperative PSA level, patient age, tumor stage, rate of capsular penetration, and lymph node involvement decreased with time. Both biopsy and pathologic Gleason grade steadily increased with time. The positive margin rate and incidence of seminal vesicle involvement remained stable. On multivariate analysis, only serum PSA level (P <0.001) and biopsy Gleason score (P <0.001) were significant independent predictors of the time to recurrence after RP. The year of surgery was not a significant independent predictor of biochemical recurrence after RP in multivariate analysis. Conclusions. Despite lower stage and lower PSA levels with time, we found no improvement in PSA recurrence rates over time. This may reflect lead-time bias in detecting PSA recurrence by the use of more sensitive PSA assays. in recent years. (C) 2003, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Med Coll Georgia, Div Urol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Freedland, SJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, 10833 Le Comte Ave,66-124 CHS,Box 951738, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. OI Terris, Martha/0000-0002-3843-7270 NR 27 TC 73 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD APR PY 2003 VL 61 IS 4 BP 736 EP 741 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(02)02526-8 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 666TX UT WOS:000182193500015 PM 12670557 ER PT J AU Freedland, SJ Aronson, WJ Csathy, GS Kane, CJ Amling, CL Presti, JC Dorey, F Terris, MK AF Freedland, SJ Aronson, WJ Csathy, GS Kane, CJ Amling, CL Presti, JC Dorey, F Terris, MK CA Search Database Study Grp TI Comparison of percentage of total prostate needle biopsy tissue with cancer to percentage of cores with cancer for predicting PSA recurrence after radical prostatectomy: Results from the search database SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEXTANT BIOPSIES; EXTRACAPSULAR EXTENSION; CLINICAL UTILITY; RELAPSE; RISK AB Objectives. Tumor volume in the prostate needle biopsy is an important prognosticator for patients with prostate cancer. However, the best method to measure tumor volume in the prostate needle biopsy is unknown. We compared the total percentage of biopsy tissue with cancer to the percentage of cores positive for their ability to predict adverse pathologic findings and biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods. A retrospective survey of 355 patients from the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital database treated with RID between 1990 and 2002 was undertaken. Multivariate analysis was used to compare the percentage of cores and percentage of tissue with cancer to the standard clinical variables of age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, biopsy Gleason score, and clinical stage for their ability to predict positive surgical margins, non-organ-confined disease, seminal vesicle invasion, and time to PSA recurrence after RP. Results. On multivariate analysis, the percentage of tissue with cancer significantly predicted non-organ-confined disease and seminal vesicle invasion, but the percentage of cores did not significantly predict any of the pathologic features examined. In separate multivariate analysis, only the percentage of tissue with cancer, but not the percentage of cores with cancer, significantly predicted PSA failure. Moreover, when compared in the same multivariate analysis, only the percentage of tissue with cancer (hazard ratio 8.25, 95% confidence interval 3.06 to 22.22, P <0.001) was a significant predictor. The area under the receiver operating curves for predicting PSA failure was significantly greater for the percentage of tissue with cancer (0.697) than for the percentage of cores (0.644, P = 0.022). Cutpoints for the percentage of tissue with cancer (less than 20%, 20% to 40%, and greater than 40%) and the percentage of cores (less than 34%, 34% to 50%, greater than 50%) both provided significant preoperative risk stratification for biochemical failure, although the percentage of tissue with cancer cutpoints provided better risk stratification (higher hazard ratios and lower P value). Cutpoints for the percentage of tissue with cancer but not the percentage of cores positive further stratified patients who were at low (P = 0.041), intermediate (P = 0.002), and high (P = 0.023) risk on the basis of the PSA level and biopsy Gleason score. Conclusions. The percentage of tissue with cancer was better than the percentage of cores at predicting advanced pathologic features and PSA recurrence after RP. Unlike the percentage of cores, the percentage of tissue with cancer cutpoints further stratified low, intermediate, and high-risk patients on the basis of PSA level and biopsy Gleason score. Although the percentage of tissue with cancer is a slightly more cumbersome measurement than the percentage of positive cores, it provided statistically and clinically superior preoperative risk stratification for biochemical failure after RP. (C) 2003, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg & Pathol, Los Angeles, CA USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Med Coll Georgia, Div Urol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Freedland, SJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, 10833 Le Conte Ave,66-124 CHS,Box 951738, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. OI Terris, Martha/0000-0002-3843-7270 NR 15 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD APR PY 2003 VL 61 IS 4 BP 742 EP 747 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(02)02525-6 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 666TX UT WOS:000182193500016 PM 12670558 ER PT J AU Holmes, AL Green, GA Morgan, RL Livezey, KB AF Holmes, AL Green, GA Morgan, RL Livezey, KB TI Burrowing owl nest success and burrow longevity in North Central Oregon SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE burrowing owl; Athene cunicularia; nesting success; shrubsteppe; livestock; Oregon; trampling ID SPEOTYTO-CUNICULARIA; HABITAT; POPULATION; BEHAVIOR; ECOLOGY; IDAHO AB We studied nest success, borrow longevity, and rates of burrow reuse for a migratory population of But-rowing Owl (Athene cunicularia) in north central Oregon from 1995 to 1997. Nest success varied annually from 50% to 67%. Principal causes of nest failure were desertion (26%) and depredation by badgers (Taxidea taxus; 13%). Reuse of available nest and satellite borrows in subsequent years was 87% in 1996 and 57% in 1997. Reuse was highest at burrows in sandy soils, which may indicate that nest-site availability is a limiting factor in sandier soil types. Trampling by livestock resulted in the loss of 24% of all burrows between one season and the next, and natural erosion resulted in closure off 17%. Both causes of burrow failure occurred more frequently in soils with a sand component due to their friable nature. We recommend that habitat used by livestock be evaluated for use by Burrowing Owls, that occupied areas be managed to minimize destruction of burrows by livestock, and that predator-control efforts be revised to exclude mortality of badgers. C1 Point Reyes Bird Observ, Stinson Beach, CA 94970 USA. Parametrix Inc, Kirkland, WA 98033 USA. Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Heppner, OR 97836 USA. USN, Engn Field Act NW, Poulsbo, WA 98370 USA. RP Holmes, AL (reprint author), Point Reyes Bird Observ, Stinson Beach, CA 94970 USA. NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 13 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD APR PY 2003 VL 63 IS 2 BP 244 EP 250 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 676CP UT WOS:000182734600011 ER PT J AU Lindle, JR Bewley, WW Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR Varesi, JB Johnson, SM AF Lindle, JR Bewley, WW Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR Varesi, JB Johnson, SM TI Efficient 3-5-mu m negative luminescence from HgCdTe/Si photodiodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FOCAL-PLANE ARRAYS; FABRICATION; PERFORMANCE; DEVICES AB The negative luminescence of a midwave-infrared HgCdTe photodiode (cutoff wavelength=5.3 mum at 295 K) was investigated using a modulated, self-referencing, optical technique. Internal efficiencies were measured to be 88% throughout the 3-5-mum spectral region, nearly independent of temperature in the 240-300-K range. This corresponds to an apparent temperature reduction of greater than 50 K at room temperature and greater than 35 K at 240 K when the reverse bias is applied. The reverse saturation current density of 1.3 A/cm(2) is lower than any reported previously for a negative luminescence device with cutoff wavelength beyond 4 mum. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Raytheon Vis Syst, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. RP Lindle, JR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Lindle, James/A-9426-2009 NR 16 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 31 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 13 BP 2002 EP 2004 DI 10.1063/1.1563839 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 659WU UT WOS:000181801100002 ER PT J AU Snow, ES Novak, JP Campbell, PM Park, D AF Snow, ES Novak, JP Campbell, PM Park, D TI Random networks of carbon nanotubes as an electronic material SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; SINGLE-WALL; TRANSPORT; LOGIC AB We report on the transport properties of random networks of single-wall carbon nanotubes fabricated into thin-film transistors. At low nanotube densities (similar to1 mum(-2)) the networks are electrically continuous and behave like a p-type semiconductor with a field-effect mobility of similar to10 cm(2)/V s and a transistor on-to-off ratio similar to10(5). At higher densities (similar to10 mum-2) the field-effect mobility can exceed 100 cm(2)/V s; however, in this case the network behaves like a narrow band gap semiconductor with a high off-state current. The fact that useful device properties are achieved without precision assembly of the nanotubes suggests the random carbon nanotube networks may be a viable material for thin-film transistor applications. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Snow, ES (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM snow@bloch.nrl.navy.mil RI 李, 府中/H-4357-2011 NR 22 TC 566 Z9 570 U1 13 U2 142 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 31 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 13 BP 2145 EP 2147 DI 10.1063/1.1564291 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 659WU UT WOS:000181801100050 ER PT J AU Pinheiro, LM Ivanov, MK Sautkin, A Akhmanov, G Magalhaes, VH Volkonskaya, A Monteiro, JH Somoza, L Gardner, J Hamouni, N Cunha, MR AF Pinheiro, LM Ivanov, MK Sautkin, A Akhmanov, G Magalhaes, VH Volkonskaya, A Monteiro, JH Somoza, L Gardner, J Hamouni, N Cunha, MR TI Mud volcanism in the Gulf of Cadiz: results from the TTR-10 cruise SO MARINE GEOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Congress on Geological Processes on Deepwater European Margins CY FEB, 2001 CL MOSCOW, RUSSIA DE mud volcanoes; gas hydrates; hydrocarbon seepage; cold seeps; chemosynthetic communities; Gulf of Cadiz; South Portuguese margin; South Spanish margin; Northwest Moroccan margin ID SLOPE SW SPAIN; MEDITERRANEAN RIDGE; OF-CADIZ; BIVALVE MOLLUSKS; GAS; SYMBIONTS; FEATURES; HYDRATE; MARGIN; SEA AB A new deep water mud volcano field (between 2000 and 3500 in water depth) was discovered in the deep South Portuguese margin, as well as several new mud volcanoes in the South Spanish and Western Moroccan margins of the Gulf of Cadiz, during the TTR-10 (Training Through Research, UNESCO/IOC) cruise, in July/August 2000. This work followed the discovery of a large mud volcano field in the Gulf of Cadiz, first investigated during the TTR-9 cruise [Gardner (2001) Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, 339-342; Kenyon et al. (2000) IOC, Technical series no. 56]. The discoveries were made based on a SEAMAP side-scan sonar mosaic and multibeam. bathymetry (SEABEAM) collected in the area by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Washington, DC, USA, in 1992, kindly released for this purpose. Single-channel seismics, long-range side-scan sonar (OKEAN), TV-controlled grab, hull-mounted 3.5-kHz profiler and coring were used to investigate several seafloor features observed on the side-scan sonar imagery, in the South Iberia, Spanish and Moroccan margins of the Gulf of Cadiz, which were confirmed to be mud volcanoes. The typical structures related to fluid venting in the Gulf of Cadiz are essentially represented by conical mud volcanoes with diameters ranging from several tens of meters to 4 kin and heights that can reach 200 in. Some of these structures appear to be aligned along major conjugate NE-SW and NW-SE trending faults that can be identified on the side-scan sonar imagery. The new field discovered in the South Portuguese margin is the deepest in the Gulf of Cadiz area and includes three new mud volcanoes - Bonjardim, Olenin and Carlos Ribeiro - which seem to be quite active, with near-surface gas hydrate occurrence and a high saturation in H2S and hydrocarbon gases (mainly methane) in the mud breccia and overlying pelagic sediments. Gas hydrates were recovered from the Bonjardim mud volcano. An intensely gassified mud breccia, with one fragment of semi-consolidated claystone with a thin bituminous veneer at the surface, was recovered from the Carlos Ribeiro mud volcano. The fauna recovered consists mainly of pogonophoran worms belonging to several species and undetermined species of Foraminifera. Three new mud volcanoes were also discovered in the NW Moroccan margin: Rabat, Student and Jesus Baraza. These show a richer fauna that includes several species of molluscs, polychaetes, pogonophoran worms, crustaceans, echinoderms and some fragments of dead coral (Madrepora and Lophelia). Carbonate crusts were recovered from the Student mud volcano. The Ginsburg mud volcano, discovered during the previous TTR-9 cruise, was revisited and gas hydrates recovered once again. A new mud volcano was also discovered in the Spanish margin, Tasyo, where evidence was found of coral build-ups on the hard substratum of the mud volcanic edifice. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Aveiro, Dept Geociencias, P-3800 Aveiro, Portugal. Inst Geol & Mineiro, Dept Geol Marinha, Alfragide, Portugal. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Geol, UNESCO Ctr Marine Geol & Geophys, Moscow, Russia. Inst Geol & Minero, Div Geol Marina, Madrid, Spain. USN, Res Off, Washington, DC USA. Mohamed 5 Univ, Rabat, Morocco. Univ Aveiro, Dept Biol, P-3800 Aveiro, Portugal. RP Pinheiro, LM (reprint author), Univ Aveiro, Dept Geociencias, P-3800 Aveiro, Portugal. RI Cunha, Marina/B-7644-2008; Akhmanov, Grigorii/D-6245-2012; Pinheiro, Luis/M-4349-2013; Somoza, Luis/C-1400-2010; Magalhaes, Vitor/F-6770-2011; Gardner, Jonathan/M-3224-2016; OI Cunha, Marina/0000-0001-8833-6980; Pinheiro, Luis/0000-0001-7876-9272; Somoza, Luis/0000-0001-5451-2288; Magalhaes, Vitor/0000-0002-3205-771X; Akhmanov, Grigorii/0000-0002-8884-2629 NR 37 TC 121 Z9 126 U1 1 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-3227 J9 MAR GEOL JI Mar. Geol. PD MAR 30 PY 2003 VL 195 IS 1-4 BP 131 EP 151 DI 10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00685-0 PG 21 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA 662JC UT WOS:000181942700007 ER PT J AU Somoza, L Diaz-del-Rio, V Leon, R Ivanov, M Fernandez-Puga, MC Gardner, JM Hernandez-Molina, FJ Pinheiro, LM Rodero, J Lobato, A Maestro, A Vazquez, JT Medialdea, T Fernandez-Salas, LM AF Somoza, L Diaz-del-Rio, V Leon, R Ivanov, M Fernandez-Puga, MC Gardner, JM Hernandez-Molina, FJ Pinheiro, LM Rodero, J Lobato, A Maestro, A Vazquez, JT Medialdea, T Fernandez-Salas, LM TI Seabed morphology and hydrocarbon seepage in the Gulf of Cadiz mud volcano area: Acoustic imagery, multibeam and ultra-high resolution seismic data SO MARINE GEOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Congress on Geological Processes on Deepwater European Margins CY FEB, 2001 CL MOSCOW, RUSSIA DE mud volcanoes; carbonate mounds; diapirs; hydrocarbon seeps; chemosynthetic fauna; gas hydrates ID RIDGE ACCRETIONARY COMPLEX; BLACK-SEA; OF-CADIZ; GAS; DIAPIRISM; ATLANTIC; MARGIN; SLOPE; SPAIN; FLUID AB Extensive mud volcanism, mud diapirism and carbonate chimneys related to hydrocarbon-rich fluid venting are observed throughout the Spanish-Portuguese margin of the Gulf of Cadiz. All the mud volcanoes and diapirs addressed in this paper lie in the region of olistostrome/accretionary complex units which were emplaced in the Late Miocene in response to NW-directed convergence between the African and Eurasian plates. The study area was investigated by multibeam echo-sounder, high and ultra-high resolution seismic profiling, dredging and coring. The structures observed on multibeam bathymetry, at water depths between 500 and 1300 in, are dominated by elongate mud ridges, mud cones, mud volcanoes and crater-like collapse structures ranging in relief from 50 to 300 in and size from 0.8 to 2 km in diameter. The main morphotectonic features, named the Guadalquivir Diapiric Ridge (GDR) and the Cadiz Diapiric Ridge (CDR), are longitudinally shaped diapirs which trend NE-SW and consist of lower-middle Miocene plastic marly clays. The GDR field and the TASYO field, which consist of mud volcanoes and extensive fluid venting related to diapiric ridge development, are described in this paper. The GDR field is characterised by numerous, single, sub-circular mud volcanoes and mud cones. The single mud volcanoes are cone-shaped features with relatively gentle slopes of 3degrees-6degrees, consisting of several generations of mud breccia deposition with indications of gas-saturation, degassing structures and the presence of H2S. The mud cones have asymmetric profiles with steep slopes of up to 25degrees and contain large surficial deposits of hydrocarbon-derived carbonate chimneys and slabs. The TASYO field is characterised by an extensive concentration of small, sub-circular depressions, oval and multi-cone mud volcanoes and large sediment slides. Mud volcanoes in this area are characterised by moderate slopes (8degrees-12degrees), have bathymetric relief ranging from 100 to 190 in and consist of sulphide-rich mud breccia, calcite chimneys, carbonate crusts and chemosynthetic fauna (Pogonophora tube worms). We propose that all these hydrocarbon seepage structures are related to lateral compressional stress generated at the front of the olistostromic/accretionary wedge. This stress results in the uplifting and squeezing plastic marly clay deposits. Additionally, the compressional stress at the toe of the olistostrome forms overpressurised compartments which provide avenues for hydrocarbon-enriched fluids to migrate. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Geol Survey Spain, IGME, Marine Geol Div, Madrid 28003, Spain. Inst Espanol Oceanog, Ctr Oceanog Malaga, Malaga 29640, Spain. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Geol Fac, UNESCO Ctr Marine Geol & Geophys, Moscow, Russia. USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Cadiz, Fac Ciencias Mar, Cadiz 11510, Spain. Univ Aveiro, Dept Geosci, P-3800193 Aveiro, Portugal. Univ Granada, CSIC, Inst Andaluz Ciencias Tierra, E-18071 Granada, Spain. RP Somoza, L (reprint author), Geol Survey Spain, IGME, Marine Geol Div, Rios Rosas 23, Madrid 28003, Spain. RI Pinheiro, Luis/M-4349-2013; Somoza, Luis/C-1400-2010; Maestro, Adolfo/K-2434-2014; Fernandez-Salas, Luis Miguel/F-3261-2011; Vazquez, Juan-Tomas/L-7796-2014; Medialdea, Teresa/G-2647-2015; Leon, Ricardo/G-8314-2015; OI Pinheiro, Luis/0000-0001-7876-9272; Somoza, Luis/0000-0001-5451-2288; Maestro, Adolfo/0000-0002-7474-725X; Fernandez-Salas, Luis Miguel/0000-0001-9689-0084; Vazquez, Juan-Tomas/0000-0002-3747-4838; Medialdea, Teresa/0000-0002-7969-5751; Leon, Ricardo/0000-0001-5598-0710; Fernandez Puga, Maria del Carmen/0000-0002-3114-2058 NR 39 TC 115 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-3227 J9 MAR GEOL JI Mar. Geol. PD MAR 30 PY 2003 VL 195 IS 1-4 BP 153 EP 176 DI 10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00686-2 PG 24 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA 662JC UT WOS:000181942700008 ER PT J AU Mazurenko, LL Soloviev, VA Gardner, JM Ivanov, MK AF Mazurenko, LL Soloviev, VA Gardner, JM Ivanov, MK TI Gas hydrates in the Ginsburg and Yuma mud volcano sediments (Moroccan Margin): results of chemical and isotopic studies of pore water SO MARINE GEOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Congress on Geological Processes on Deepwater European Margins CY FEB, 2001 CL MOSCOW, RUSSIA DE gas hydrates; mud volcanoes; fluid migration; water isotopes; water chemistry; Gulf of Cadiz ID FRACTIONATION; HYDROGEN AB Two active mud volcanoes on the Atlantic continental margin of Morocco were sampled during a 1999 expedition on the RN Professor Logachev. The active mud volcanoes (named Yuma and Ginsburg) are each about 4 km in diameter, rise 150-250 in above the seafloor and are the first active methane-related mud volcanoes identified in this region. Gravity cores from the crest of the active mud volcanoes recovered methane hydrates (clathrates). Thirty-five pore water samples were extracted and analyzed from seven gravity cores taken in and around the active mud volcanoes. Estimated gas hydrate content in mud volcano sediments is 2-11% by volume and 4-19% by pore space. Chloride ion concentrations of the original mud volcano water are similar to those of surrounding seawater, but are isotopically different. The water is very high in oxygen (to + 35parts per thousand) and light in hydrogen (to - 70 parts per thousand). Pore water with these features has not been previously described in the published literature. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 All Russia Res Inst Geol & Mineral Resources Ocea, St Petersburg 190121, Russia. Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, UNESCOMSU, Ctr Marine Geol & Geophys, Fac Geol, Moscow 119899, Russia. RP Mazurenko, LL (reprint author), All Russia Res Inst Geol & Mineral Resources Ocea, St Petersburg 190121, Russia. NR 19 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-3227 J9 MAR GEOL JI Mar. Geol. PD MAR 30 PY 2003 VL 195 IS 1-4 BP 201 EP 210 DI 10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00688-6 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA 662JC UT WOS:000181942700010 ER PT J AU Chu, PC Lan, J AF Chu, PC Lan, J TI Extremely strong thermohaline sources/sinks generated by diagnostic initialization SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB [1] One difficulty for ocean modeling is the lack of velocity data for specifying the initial condition. Diagnostic initialization is widely used; it integrates the model from known temperature (T-c) and salinity (S-c) and zero velocity fields while holding (T-c, S-c) unchanged. After a period (around 30 days) of the diagnostic run, the velocity field (V-c) is established, and (T-c, S-c, V-c) fields are then treated as the initial conditions for the prognostic numerical modeling. During the diagnostic initialization period, the heat and salt 'source/sink' terms are generated at each time step. Maximum time rates of absolute change of the monthly mean T, S (0.1degrees/day, 0.1 ppt/day) are taken as the standard measures to identify the strength of the thermohaline 'sources/sinks'. Twenty four times of the standard measures (0.1degrees/hr, 0.1 ppt/hr) represent strong 'sources/sinks'. Ten times of the strong 'sources/sinks' (1degrees/hr, 1 ppt/hr) represent extremely strong 'sources/sinks'. The Princeton Ocean Model implemented for the Japan/East Sea is used to demonstrate the existence of extremely strong thermohaline sources and sinks generated by the diagnostic initialization with the annual mean T-c, S-c from the Navy's Global Digital Environmental Model. The effects of extremely strong and spatially nonuniform initial heating/cooling (salting/freshening) rates on thermohaline and velocity fields need to be further investigated. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Naval Ocean Anal & Predict Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. Ocean Univ Qingdao, Coll Phys & Environm Oceanog, Qingdao 266003, Peoples R China. RP Chu, PC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Naval Ocean Anal & Predict Lab, 833 Dyer Rd,Room 328, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. OI Lan, Jian/0000-0002-7688-7547 NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAR 29 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 6 AR 1341 DI 10.1029/2002GL016525 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 677PW UT WOS:000182817600004 ER PT J AU Puleo, JA Farquharson, G Frasier, SJ Holland, KT AF Puleo, JA Farquharson, G Frasier, SJ Holland, KT TI Comparison of optical and radar measurements of surf and swash zone velocity fields SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE particle image velocimetry; Doppler radar; remote sensing; nearshore currents ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; SAND-BAR MORPHOLOGY; OCEAN SURFACE; MICROWAVE BACKSCATTER; WAVE-DISPERSION; BREAKING WAVE; CURRENTS; SEA; QUANTIFICATION AB Surf zone bore celerities and swash zone surface currents were measured on a shallow sloping, low-energy beach using two remote sensing methods that differ fundamentally in their imaging mechanisms. Microwave Doppler radar measures electromagnetic backscatter from small-scale ocean surface roughness while video-based particle image velocimetry (PIV) relies on image texture resulting from variations in light reflectivity from the ocean surface. Imagery from the two methods showed high correlation, in which regions of high radar backscatter corresponded to visibly identifiable waves and bores propagating across the surf zone. Correlation coefficients between radial velocity time series sampled using the two methods at multiple locations across the surf zone were typically greater than 0.5 for frequencies less than a noise cutoff of 0.25 Hz. Similarly, spectra were found to be coherent at the 95% level with a nearly zero phase shift between the two signals near the broad spectral peak between 0.02 and 0.25 Hz. However, some significant differences were evident. PIV was capable of estimating both cross-shore and alongshore surface velocities while the use of one microwave Doppler radar system restricted surface velocity estimates from that technique to line of sight (radial) only. PIV was found to be more capable of estimating swash zone (uprush and backwash) surface velocities as a smoother water surface in the swash zone adversely affected radar reflectivity. In contrast, microwave Doppler radar was found to be more capable of estimating the surface velocity between bores when insufficient image texture was recorded in the video imagery. Both techniques were capable of measuring surf zone bore celerities through comparison to a shallow water model and to independent celerity estimates extracted from the slope of individual bore trajectories. Typical normalized errors were roughly 25% for radar and 15% for PIV. C1 USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Microwave Remote Sensing Lab, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Puleo, JA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Code 7440-3,Bldg 2438, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RI Holland, K. Todd/A-7673-2011; Frasier, Stephen/H-1536-2015; OI Holland, K. Todd/0000-0002-4601-6097; Frasier, Stephen/0000-0003-4287-2889; Farquharson, Gordon/0000-0002-3052-1646 NR 39 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR 28 PY 2003 VL 108 IS C3 AR 3100 DI 10.1029/2002JC001483 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 677QN UT WOS:000182819200002 ER PT J AU Ghorai, SK Cook, C Davis, M Venkataraman, SK George, C Beardsley, PM Reith, MEA Dutta, AK AF Ghorai, SK Cook, C Davis, M Venkataraman, SK George, C Beardsley, PM Reith, MEA Dutta, AK TI High affinity hydroxypiperidine analogues of 4-(2-benzhydryloxyethyl)-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)piperidine for the dopamine transporter: Stereospecific interactions in vitro and in vivo SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ABUSE THERAPEUTIC AGENTS; COCAINE-ABUSE; RHESUS-MONKEYS; HYPOTHESIS; GBR-12909; LIGANDS AB In our effort to develop high-affinity ligands for the dopamine transporter which might find potential use as cocaine medication, a polar hydroxy substituent was introduced into the piperidine ring of one of our disubstituted lead analogues derived from 1-[2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl] -4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine (GBR 12935). Both cis- and trans-3-hydroxy derivatives were synthesized and the racemic trans isomer, (+/-)-5, was further resolved into two enantiomers. Newly synthesized compounds were characterized for their binding affinity at the dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine transporter systems in rat brain. The two enantiomers (+)-5 and (-)-5 exhibited marked differential affinities at the dopamine transporter with (+)-5 being 122-fold more potent than (-)-5 in inhibiting radiolabeled cocaine analogue binding (IC50; 0.46 vs 56.7 nM) and 9-fold more active for inhibiting dopamine uptake (IC50; 4.05 vs 38.0 nM). Furthermore, the most active (+)-5 was 22-fold more potent at the dopamine transporter compared to the standard GBR 12909. Absolute configuration of one of the enantiomers was determined unambiguously by X-ray structural analysis. In in vivo locomotor activity studies, the enantiomer (+)-5 and the racemic ()-5, but not (-)-5, exhibited stimulant activity with a long duration of effect. All three compounds, (+)-5, (-)-5, and ()-5, within the dose range tested, partially (50%) but incompletely (80%) produced cocaine-like responses in mice trained to discriminate 10 mg/kg ip cocaine from vehicle. Compound (-)-5 was distinctive in this regard in that, unlike (+)-5 and (+/-)-5, it did not affect locomotor activity yet, but similar to them, was able to engender (albeit incompletely) cocaine-like responses. C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC USA. Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Biomed & Therapeut Sci, Peoria, IL 61605 USA. RP Dutta, AK (reprint author), Applebaum Coll Pharm & Hlth Sci, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Rm 3128, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. EM adutta@ea.cphs.wayne.edu OI dutta, aloke/0000-0003-3347-0538 FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA 12449] NR 22 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD MAR 27 PY 2003 VL 46 IS 7 BP 1220 EP 1228 DI 10.1021/jm020275k PG 9 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 658YY UT WOS:000181749900016 PM 12646032 ER PT J AU Bond, HE Henden, A Levay, ZG Panagia, N Sparks, WB Starrfield, S Wagner, RM Corradi, RLM Munari, U AF Bond, HE Henden, A Levay, ZG Panagia, N Sparks, WB Starrfield, S Wagner, RM Corradi, RLM Munari, U TI An energetic stellar outburst accompanied by circumstellar light echoes SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID V838 MON; EVOLUTION; DISCOVERY; ERUPTION; M31 AB Some classes of stars, including novae and supernovae, undergo explosive outbursts that eject stellar material into space. In 2002, the previously unknown variable star V838 Monocerotis brightened suddenly by a factor of similar to10(4). Unlike a supernova or nova, it did not explosively eject its outer layers; rather, it simply expanded to become a cool supergiant with a moderate-velocity stellar wind. Superluminal light echoes were discovered(1,2) as light from the outburst propagated into the surrounding, pre-existing circumstellar dust. Here we report high-resolution imaging and polarimetry of those light echoes, which allow us to set direct geometric distance limits to the object. At a distance of >6 kpc, V838 Mon at its maximum brightness was temporarily the brightest star in the Milky Way. The presence of the circumstellar dust implies that previous eruptions have occurred, and spectra show it to be a binary system. When combined with the high luminosity and unusual outburst behaviour, these characteristics indicate that V838 Mon represents a hitherto unknown type of stellar outburst, for which we have no completely satisfactory physical explanation. C1 Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Space Res Assoc, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Univ Arizona, Large Binocular Telescope Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Isaac Newton Grp Telescopes, Santa Cruz De La Palma 38700, Canarias, Spain. Osserv Astron Padova, INAF, I-36012 Asiago, VI, Italy. RP Bond, HE (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM bond@stsci.edu NR 29 TC 117 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 27 PY 2003 VL 422 IS 6930 BP 405 EP 408 DI 10.1038/nature01508 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 659WV UT WOS:000181801200037 PM 12660776 ER PT J AU Casalini, R Paluch, M Roland, CM AF Casalini, R Paluch, M Roland, CM TI The dynamics crossover region in phenol- and cresol-phthalein-dimethylethers under different conditions of pressure and temperature SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Workshop on Non-Equilibrium Phenomena in Supercooled Fluids, Glasses, and Amorphous Materials CY SEP 22-27, 2002 CL PISA, ITALY ID GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; SUPERCOOLED PHENYLPHTHALEIN-DIMETHYLETHER; ADAM-GIBBS MODEL; CONFIGURATIONAL ENTROPY; LIGHT-SCATTERING; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; GLASSFORMING LIQUIDS; ALPHA-RELAXATION; TRANSITION AB Dielectric relaxation times over a broad range of temperature and pressure for the glass former phenolphthalein-dimethylether (PDE) reveal a change of dynamics at a characteristic relaxation time tau(B). The value of tau(B) was found to be largely insensitive to the particular combination of pressure and temperature of the measurement. Data for a second glass former, cresolphthalein-dimethylether, having a molecular structure very close to that of PDE, were also analysed. In this case, tau(B) is much smaller, so the change of dynamics could not be observed in the elevated pressure experiments. The PDE data were in good agreement with the Adam-Gibbs model near T-g(tau > tau(B)), while deviating for tau < tau(B). Finally, a possible connection between the observed T-B and theoretical models is presented. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. RP USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM casalini@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 59 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD MAR 26 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 11 SI SI BP S859 EP S867 AR PII S0953-8984(03)58325-4 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/15/11/310 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 665YD UT WOS:000182148100011 ER PT J AU Ngai, KL AF Ngai, KL TI An extended coupling model description of the evolution of dynamics with time in supercooled liquids and ionic conductors SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Workshop on Non-Equilibrium Phenomena in Supercooled Fluids, Glasses, and Amorphous Materials CY SEP 22-27, 2002 CL PISA, ITALY ID GLASS-FORMING MATERIALS; GOLDSTEIN BETA-RELAXATION; LIGHT-SCATTERING DATA; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; SECONDARY RELAXATIONS; ALPHA-RELAXATION; ELECTRICAL RELAXATION; INTERACTING ARRAYS; CONSTANT LOSS; MOBILE IONS AB In the past the coupling model (CM) was focused on the dynamics at long times, when all relaxing units of an interacting system participate in the terminal, cooperative Kohlrausch relaxation. No attention was paid to the dynamics at short times when all the relaxing units are caged, nor to intermediate times when an increasing number of them are no longer caged. We now extend the CM to also address the dynamics in these earlier time regimes. The crux of the extended CM is the quantitatively determinable independent relaxation time, from which the characteristics of the dynamics in the short-time and intermediate-time regimes can be deduced. This description of the evolution of the dynamics by the extended CM is supported by broadband dielectric relaxation spectra of two archetypal systems, the glassy/molten ionic conductors and supercooled liquids. In supercooled liquids, the 'universal' Johari-Goldstein beta-relaxation provides evidence for the physical reality of the independent relaxation of the extended CM. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ngai, KL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ngai@estd.nrl.navy.mil NR 64 TC 227 Z9 228 U1 3 U2 22 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD MAR 26 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 11 SI SI BP S1107 EP S1125 AR PII S0953-8984(03)57915-2 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/15/11/332 PG 19 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 665YD UT WOS:000182148100033 ER PT J AU Carpenter, EE Cestone, V Landry, G Harris, VG Kemner, KM AF Carpenter, EE Cestone, V Landry, G Harris, VG Kemner, KM TI Synthesis of amorphous lepidocrocite thin films via spin-spray ferrite plating SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE C1 USN, Res Lab, Mat Phys Branch 6340, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Carpenter, EE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Mat Phys Branch 6340, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Harris, Vincent/A-8337-2009; Carpenter, Everett/A-2797-2010; ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011 OI Carpenter, Everett/0000-0002-3497-0318; NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD MAR 25 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 6 BP 1235 EP 1236 DI 10.1021/cm025657t PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 660CT UT WOS:000181816800004 ER PT J AU Halterman, K Elson, JM Overfelt, PL AF Halterman, K Elson, JM Overfelt, PL TI Characteristics of bound modes in coupled dielectric waveguides containing negative index media SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID PERMEABILITY; PERMITTIVITY AB We investigate the characteristics of guided wave modes in planar coupled waveguides. In particular, we calculate the dispersion relations for TM modes in which one or both of the guiding layers consists of negative index media (NIM)-where the permittivity and permeability are both negative. We find that the Poynting vector within the NIM waveguide axis can change sign and magnitude, a feature that is reflected in the dispersion curves. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Sensor & Signal Sci Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Halterman, K (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Sensor & Signal Sci Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RI Halterman, Klaus/G-3826-2012; OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134 NR 7 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD MAR 24 PY 2003 VL 11 IS 6 BP 521 EP 529 DI 10.1364/OE.11.000521 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 659EZ UT WOS:000181765500003 PM 19461760 ER PT J AU Zhong, Q Steinhurst, DA Baronavski, AP Owrutsky, JC AF Zhong, Q Steinhurst, DA Baronavski, AP Owrutsky, JC TI Ultrafast dissociation dynamics of ketones at 195 nm SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY EXCITED KETONES; N-3S RYDBERG STATE; UNIMOLECULAR DISSOCIATION; PHOTODISSOCIATION DYNAMICS; STEPWISE DISSOCIATION; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; ACETYL-CHLORIDE; ALPHA-CLEAVAGE; I REACTIONS; ACETONE AB The photodissociation dynamics of the 3s Rydberg state of three ketones (CH3CO-R, R = C2H5, C3H7, and iso-C4H9) and the ensuing dissociation of the nascent acetyl radical following 195 nm excitation were investigated by ultrafast photoionization spectroscopy. The 3s state the lifetimes of these ketones are similar (2.5-2.9 ps), though lifetimes of the acetyl radical range from 8.6 ps for CH3CO-C2H5, 15 ps for CH3CO-C3H7, to 23 ps for CH3CO-(iso-C4H9), which suggests that for larger R more vibrational degrees of freedom compete for the excess energy so that less energy is partitioned into the internal energy of the acetyl radical. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Owrutsky, JC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6111, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012 NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 21 PY 2003 VL 370 IS 5-6 BP 609 EP 615 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00167-2 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 655UV UT WOS:000181571800004 ER PT J AU Stive, MJF Reniers, AJHM AF Stive, MJF Reniers, AJHM TI Geophysics: Sandbars in motion SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID COASTAL PROFILE EVOLUTION; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; NORTH-CAROLINA; BEACH CUSPS; MODEL; NEARSHORE; WAVES; DUCK C1 Delft Univ Technol, Fac Civil Engn & Geosci, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands. USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Stive, MJF (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Fac Civil Engn & Geosci, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands. EM m.j.f.stive@ct.tudelft.nl; areniers@nps.navy.mil NR 20 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 21 PY 2003 VL 299 IS 5614 BP 1855 EP 1856 DI 10.1126/science.1082512 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 657LY UT WOS:000181669700033 PM 12649472 ER PT J AU Atoyan, AM Dermer, CD AF Atoyan, AM Dermer, CD TI Neutral beams from blazar jets SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : active; galaxies : jets; gamma rays : theory; radiation mechanisms : nonthermal; X-rays : galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; ENERGY COSMIC-RAYS; X-RAY; RELATIVISTIC NEUTRONS; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; MARKARIAN 501; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; RADIO-SOURCES; CRAB-NEBULA AB We treat the production of neutrons, photons, and neutrinos through photomeson interactions of relativistic protons with ambient photons in the compact inner jets of blazars. Internal synchrotron and external isotropic radiation due to scattered optical/UV accretion-disk radiation are considered as target photon fields. Protons are assumed to be accelerated to a maximum energy limited by the size scale and magnetic field of the jet, and by competing energy losses. We characterize the conditions when the photomeson interactions of ultrarelativistic protons become effective, and show that the presence of the external radiation field makes possible strong energy losses for protons with energies E(p)greater than or similar to10(15) eV. Without this component, effective energy losses of protons begin at E(p)greater than or similar to10(18) eV, and would rapidly disappear with expansion of the blob. We develop a model describing the production and escape of neutrons from a comoving spherical blob, which continue to interact with the ambient external radiation field on the parsec-scale broad-line region (BLR). Neutrons may carry 10% of the overall energy of the accelerated protons with E(p)greater than or similar to10(15) eV outside the BLR. Ultra high-energy gamma rays produced by photomeson interaction of neutrons outside the blob can also escape the BLR. The escaping neutrons, gamma rays, and neutrinos form a collimated neutral beam with a characteristic opening angle thetasimilar to1/Gamma, where Gamma is the bulk Lorentz factor of the inner jet. Energy and momentum is deposited in the extended jet from the decay of neutrons at distances l(d) (E-n)approximate to(E-n/10(17) eV) kpc, and through pair-production attenuation of gamma rays with energies E(gamma)greater than or similar to10(15) eV which propagate to similar to10-100 kpc distances. In this scenario, neutral beams of ultra high-energy gamma rays and neutrons can be the reason for straight extended jets, such as in Pictor A. Fluxes of neutrinos detectable with kilometer-scale neutrino telescopes are predicted from flat-spectrum radio quasars such as 3C279. C1 Univ Montreal, CRM, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Univ Montreal, CRM, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. EM atoyan@crm.umontreal.ca; dermer@gamma.nrl.navy.mil NR 81 TC 119 Z9 119 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2003 VL 586 IS 1 BP 79 EP 96 DI 10.1086/346261 PN 1 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 653RV UT WOS:000181451600007 ER PT J AU Gopalswamy, N Shimojo, M Lu, W Yashiro, S Shibasaki, K Howard, RA AF Gopalswamy, N Shimojo, M Lu, W Yashiro, S Shibasaki, K Howard, RA TI Prominence eruptions and coronal mass ejection: A statistical study using microwave observations SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun : corona; Sun : coronal mass ejections (CMEs) Sun : filaments; Sun : prominences; Sun : radio radiation ID H-ALPHA; X-RAY; RADIO; MISSION; ANGLE; SOHO AB We present the results of a statistical study of a large number of solar prominence events (PEs) observed by the Nobeyama Radioheliograph. We studied the association rate, relative timing, and spatial correspondence between PEs and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). We classified the PEs as radial and transverse, depending on whether the prominence moved predominantly in the radial or horizontal direction. The radial events were faster and attained a larger height above the solar surface than the transverse events. Out of the 186 events studied, 152 (82%) were radial events, while only 34 (18%) were transverse events. Comparison with white-light CME data revealed that 134 (72%) PEs were clearly associated with CMEs. We compare our results with those of other studies involving PEs and white-light CMEs in order to address the controversy in the rate of association between CMEs and prominence eruptions. We also studied the temporal and spatial relationship between prominence and CME events. The CMEs and PEs seem to start roughly at the same time. There was no solar cycle dependence of the temporal relationship. The spatial relationship was, however, solar cycle dependent. During the solar minimum, the central position angle of the CMEs had a tendency to be offset closer to the equator as compared to that of the PE, while no such effect was seen during solar maximum. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Extraterr Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Nobeyama Radio Observ, Minamisa Ku, Nagano 3841305, Japan. Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gopalswamy, N (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Extraterr Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RI Gopalswamy, Nat/D-3659-2012; Shimojo, Masumi/J-2605-2016; OI Shimojo, Masumi/0000-0002-2350-3749; Gopalswamy, Nat/0000-0001-5894-9954 NR 29 TC 160 Z9 165 U1 1 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2003 VL 586 IS 1 BP 562 EP 578 DI 10.1086/367614 PN 1 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 653RV UT WOS:000181451600045 ER PT J AU van Driel-Gesztelyi, L Demoulin, P Mandrini, CH Harra, L Klimchuk, JA AF van Driel-Gesztelyi, L Demoulin, P Mandrini, CH Harra, L Klimchuk, JA TI The long-term evolution of AR 7978: The scalings of the coronal plasma parameters with the mean photospheric magnetic field SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun : corona; Sun : magnetic fields; Sun : X-rays, gamma rays ID SOFT X-RAYS; SOLAR ACTIVE-REGION; TEMPERATURE STRUCTURE; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; HEATING MODELS; QUIET-SUN; YOHKOH; EMISSION; LOOPS; TELESCOPE AB We analyze the evolution of the fluxes observed in X-rays and correlate them with the magnetic flux density in active region (AR) NOAA 7978 from its birth throughout its decay, for five solar rotations. We use Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) data, together with Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Telescope (SXT) and Yohkoh Bragg Crystal Spectrometer (BCS) data, to determine the global evolution of the temperature and the emission measure of the coronal plasma at times when no significant brightenings were observed. We show that the mean X-ray flux and derived parameters, temperature and emission measure ( together with other quantities deduced from them, such as the density and the pressure), of the plasma in the AR follow power-law relationships with the mean magnetic flux density ((B) over bar). The exponents (b) of these power-law functions (a (B) over bar (b)) are derived using two different statistical methods, a classical least-squares method in log-log plots and a nonparametric method, which takes into account the fact that errors in the data may not be normally distributed. Both methods give similar exponents, within error bars, for the mean temperature and for both instruments (SXT and BCS); in particular, b stays in the range [0.27, 0.31] and [0.24, 0.57] for full-resolution SXT images and BCS data, respectively. For the emission measure, the exponent b lies in the range [0.85, 1.35] and [0.45, 1.96] for SXT and BCS, respectively. The determination of such power-law relations, when combined with the results from coronal heating models, can provide us with powerful tools for determining the mechanism responsible for the existence of the high-temperature corona. C1 Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Plasma Astrophys, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. Observ Paris, CNRS, FRE 2461, LESIA, F-92195 Meudon, France. UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. Konkoly Observ Budapest, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Plasma Astrophys, Celestijnenlaan 200B, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. EM lidia.vandriel@obspm.fr; pascal.demoulin@obspm.fr; mandrini@iafe.uba.ar; lkh@mssl.ucl.ac.uk; klimchuk@nrl.navy.mil RI Klimchuk, James/D-1041-2012; OI Klimchuk, James/0000-0003-2255-0305; Harra, Louise/0000-0001-9457-6200; Demoulin, Pascal/0000-0001-8215-6532 NR 47 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2003 VL 586 IS 1 BP 579 EP 591 PN 1 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 653RV UT WOS:000181451600046 ER PT J AU Demoulin, P van Driel-Gesztelyi, L Mandrini, CH Klimchuk, JA Harra, L AF Demoulin, P van Driel-Gesztelyi, L Mandrini, CH Klimchuk, JA Harra, L TI The long-term evolution of AR 7978: Testing coronal heating models SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE magnetic fields; Sun : corona; Sun : magnetic fields; Sun : X-rays, gamma rays ID CHROMOSPHERIC MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; STATIONARY SIPHON FLOWS; X-RAY TELESCOPE; SOLAR CORONA; ACTIVE REGIONS; TEMPERATURE STRUCTURE; DENSITY STRUCTURE; ENERGY-RELEASE; SCALING LAWS; ALFVEN WAVES AB We derive the dependence of the mean coronal heating rate on the magnetic flux density. Our results are based on a previous study of the plasma parameters and the magnetic flux density ((B) over bar) in the active region NOAA 7978 from its birth to its decay, throughout five solar rotations using the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Michelson Doppler Imager, Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Telescope (SXT), and Yohkoh Bragg Crystal Spectrometer (BCS). We use the scaling laws of coronal loops in thermal equilibrium to derive four observational estimates of the scaling of the coronal heating with (B) over bar (two from SXT and two from BCS observations). These results are used to test the validity of coronal heating models. We find that models based on the dissipation of stressed, current-carrying magnetic fields are in better agreement with the observations than models that attribute coronal heating to the dissipation of MHD waves injected at the base of the corona. This confirms, with smaller error bars, previous results obtained for individual coronal loops, as well as for the global coronal emission of the Sun and cool stars. Taking into account that the photospheric field is concentrated in thin magnetic flux tubes, both SXT and BCS data are in best agreement with models invoking a stochastic buildup of energy, current layers, and MHD turbulence. C1 Observ Paris, CNRS, FRE 2461, LESIA, F-92195 Meudon, France. Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Plasma Astrophys, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. Konkoly Observ Budapest, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Observ Paris, CNRS, FRE 2461, LESIA, F-92195 Meudon, France. EM pascal.demoulin@obspm.fr; lidia.vandriel@obspm.fr; mandrini@iafe.uba.ar; klimchuk@nrl.navy.mil; lkh@mssl.ucl.ac.uk RI Klimchuk, James/D-1041-2012; OI Klimchuk, James/0000-0003-2255-0305; Harra, Louise/0000-0001-9457-6200; Demoulin, Pascal/0000-0001-8215-6532 NR 68 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2003 VL 586 IS 1 BP 592 EP 605 DI 10.1086/367634 PN 1 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 653RV UT WOS:000181451600047 ER PT J AU Tanner, SEM Hughes, DW AF Tanner, SEM Hughes, DW TI Fast-dynamo action for a family of parameterized flows SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE magnetic fields; MHD; Sun : magnetic fields AB A desire to understand the dynamics of astrophysical and geophysical magnetic fields has led scientists to question the manner in which they are maintained. It seems clear that the only reasonable explanation for the existence of many observed magnetic fields is that of a hydromagnetic dynamo. In this scenario, magnetic field growth occurs via a transfer of kinetic to magnetic energy given a suitable flow and a seed magnetic field. In astrophysical scenarios, the magnetic Reynolds number, Re-m, a key parameter in the dynamo problem, is typically huge; for example, Re-m similar to 10(8) in the solar convection zone. Of particular interest, therefore, is ( kinematic) dynamo action at large Re-m, the so-called fast dynamo because of the fast convective timescale upon which the field is generated. The lifetime of the fast dynamo may be characterized by three distinct phases: growth, saturation, and equilibration, the relationship between which remains unclear. In this paper, we examine velocity and magnetic field structures in the different stages of the dynamo using a family of parameterized flows. In this way, we shed some light on the fundamental workings of the fast dynamo. C1 George Mason Univ, Inst Computat Sci & Informat, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Univ Leeds, Dept Appl Math, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. RP Tanner, SEM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7670D, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2003 VL 586 IS 1 BP 685 EP 691 DI 10.1086/345810 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 653RV UT WOS:000181451600054 ER PT J AU Nitta, NV Cliver, EW Tylka, AJ AF Nitta, NV Cliver, EW Tylka, AJ TI Low coronal signatures of large solar energetic particle events SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun : coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun : flares; Sun : particle emission ID MASS EJECTIONS; PROTON EVENTS; ACCELERATION; FLARES AB We report on the low coronal signatures of major solar energetic particle (SEP) events. Because large SEP events are highly associated with both flares and coronal mass ejections, we focused on flare-associated motions in soft X-rays. In a sample of a half-dozen well-observed flares associated with SEP events, we identified two basic types of motions or ejections. For one class of events including those of 2001 November 4 and 1998 April 20, the ejections occur on active region or larger scales. They have an extended "preeruption" phase in which the involved structures slowly rise or expand on timescales of tens of minutes. For the second class of events, including those on 1997 November 6 and 2001 April 15, the large-scale preeruption phase is absent. In these events, ejecta appear explosively at the onset of the flare impulsive phase. The observed differences in ejections appear to correlate with spectral/compositional/charge state characteristics of large SEP events, suggesting that flare ejecta are diagnostic of shock properties/environment. C1 Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophys Lab, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, VSBXS, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. USN, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Nitta, NV (reprint author), Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophys Lab, OL9-41,B-252,3251 Hanover St, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RI Tylka, Allan/G-9592-2014 NR 24 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2003 VL 586 IS 1 BP L103 EP L106 DI 10.1086/374613 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 653RX UT WOS:000181451800024 ER PT J AU Sakamuri, S Enyedy, IJ Zaman, WA Tella, SR Kozikowski, AP Flippen-Anderson, JL Farkas, T Johnson, KM Wang, S AF Sakamuri, S Enyedy, IJ Zaman, WA Tella, SR Kozikowski, AP Flippen-Anderson, JL Farkas, T Johnson, KM Wang, S TI 2,3-Disubstituted quinuclidines as a novel class of dopamine transporter inhibitors SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PHARMACOPHORE-BASED DISCOVERY; COCAINE ANALOGS; METHYL-ESTERS; HIGH-AFFINITY; BINDING; PHARMACOLOGY; ANTAGONISM; RECEPTOR AB There is considerable interest in developing dopamine transporter (DAT) inhibitors as potential therapies for the treatment of cocaine abuse. We report herein our pharmacophore-based discovery and molecular modeling-assisted rational design of 2,3-disubstituted quinuclidines as potent DAT inhibitors with a novel chemical scaffold. Through 3-D-database pharmacophore searching, compound 12 was identified as a very weak DAT inhibitor with K-i values of 7.3 and 8.9 muM in [H-3]mazindol binding and in inhibition of dopamine reuptake, respectively. Molecular modeling-assisted rational design and chemical modifications led to identification of potent analogues (-)-29 and 34 with K-i values of 14 and 32 nM for both compounds in binding affinity and inhibition of dopamine reuptake, respectively. Behavioral pharmacological evaluations in rodents showed that 34 has a profile very different from cocaine. While 34 is substantially more potent than cocaine as a DAT inhibitor, it is approximately four times less potent than cocaine in mimicking the discriminative stimulus properties of cocaine in rat. On the other hand, 34 (3-30 mg/kg) lacks either the locomotor stimulant or stereotypic properties of cocaine in mice. Importantly, 34 blocks locomotor stimulant activity induced by 20 mg/kg cocaine in mice, with an estimated ED50 of 19 mg/kg. Taken together, our data suggest that 34 represents a class of potent DAT inhibitors with a novel chemical scaffold and a behavioral pharmacological profile different from that of cocaine in rodents. Thus, 34 may serve as a novel lead compound in the ultimate development of therapeutic entities for cocaine abuse and/or addiction. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Georgetown Univ, Ctr Med, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Georgetown Univ, Ctr Med, Dept Oncol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Georgetown Univ, Ctr Med, Dept Neurosci, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Georgetown Univ, Ctr Med, Dept Pharmacol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Phenomenex Inc, Torrance, CA 90501 USA. RP Wang, S (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, CCGC 3316, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Johnson, Kenneth/E-7944-2014 FU NIDA NIH HHS [N01DA-7-8072] NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0968-0896 J9 BIOORGAN MED CHEM JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. PD MAR 20 PY 2003 VL 11 IS 6 BP 1123 EP 1136 AR PII S0968-0896(02)00450-9 DI 10.1016/S0968-0896(02)00450-9 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 655CZ UT WOS:000181534900035 PM 12614900 ER PT J AU Givoli, D Neta, B AF Givoli, D Neta, B TI High-order non-reflecting boundary scheme for time-dependent waves SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE waves; high-order; artificial boundary; non-reflecting boundary condition; higdon; auxiliary variables; finite difference ID PERFECTLY MATCHED LAYER; ELASTIC-WAVES; RADIATION CONDITIONS; NUMERICAL-SOLUTION; UNBOUNDED-DOMAINS; EQUATION; FORMULATION; MODELS; PROPAGATION; SCATTERING AB A new non-reflecting boundary scheme is proposed for time-dependent wave problems in unbounded domains. The linear time-dependent wave equation, with or without a dispersive term, is considered in a semi-infinite wave guide. The infinite domain is truncated via an artificial boundary B, and a high-order non-reflecting boundary condition (NRBC) is imposed on B. Then the problem is solved numerically in the finite domain bounded by B. The new boundary scheme is based on a reformulation of the sequence of NRBCs proposed by Higdon. In contrast to the original formulation of the Higdon conditions, the scheme constructed here does not involve any high derivatives beyond second order. This is made possible by introducing special auxiliary variables on B. As a result, the new NRBCs can easily be used up to any desired order. They can be incorporated in a finite element or a finite difference scheme; in the present paper the latter is used. The parameters appearing in the NRBC are chosen automatically via a special procedure. Numerical examples concerning a semi-infinite wave guide are used to demonstrate the performance of the new method. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Math, 1141 Cunningham Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM givolid@aerodyne.technion.ac.il RI Neta, Beny/B-1737-2009 NR 61 TC 113 Z9 119 U1 1 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD MAR 20 PY 2003 VL 186 IS 1 BP 24 EP 46 DI 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00005-6 PG 23 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 663VA UT WOS:000182025900002 ER PT J AU Brogniez, C Huret, N Eckermann, S Riviere, ED Pirre, M Herman, M Balois, JY Verwaerde, C Larsen, N Knudsen, B AF Brogniez, C Huret, N Eckermann, S Riviere, ED Pirre, M Herman, M Balois, JY Verwaerde, C Larsen, N Knudsen, B TI Polar stratospheric cloud microphysical properties measured by the microRADIBAL instrument on 25 January 2000 above Esrange and modeling interpretation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID CORRELATIVE MEASUREMENTS; VERTICAL PROFILES; OZONE HOLE; SAGE-II; AEROSOL; PARTICLES; WAVES AB [1] The balloonborne microRADIBAL instrument is a radiometer that measures the radiance and polarization of the sunlight scattered by the atmosphere, gas, and aerosols in a horizontal plane in the near-infrared range. It was launched from Esrange, Sweden, on 25 January 2000 in the framework of the Third European Stratospheric Experiment on Ozone (THESEO) 2000 campaign, and performed measurements in the vicinity of a large polar stratospheric cloud (PSC). The measurements provide diagrams of the radiance versus scattering angle at several altitudes. The aerosol signature, derived from the radiance measurements, has been modeled via Mie theory and the T-Matrix code. Three different size distributions of aerosols have been tested: monomodal and bimodal size distributions of spherical particles, and bimodal size distributions including a mode of spherical and a mode of nonspherical particles. The best agreement between the measured and modeled signatures is obtained considering a bimodal size distribution composed by a mode of medium spherical particles (median radius about 0.15 mum) and a second mode of larger nonspherical particles (median radius about 1.1 mum, aspect ratio about 0.6). Concentrations and surface densities of the PSC particles have been estimated. The existence of such particles has been tentatively explained using the Lagrangian Microphysical and Photochemical Lagrangian Stratospheric Model of Ozone (MiPLaSMO) model. On 25 January 2000 the polar stratospheric cloud detected by microRADIBAL is associated with a lee-wave event. Temperature perturbations due to lee-wave events were calculated using the National Research Laboratory Mountain Wave Forecast Model (MWFM) and have been included along trajectories. They are localized in a large region between the Norwegian mountains and Esrange. Their amplitude varies from 3 to 7 K. Detailed comparisons between measured and modeled surfaces and dimensional distributions of PSCs' particles are achieved. The two modes of particles detected by microRADIBAL can be interpreted from MiPLaSMO results considering different air masses located along the lines of sight. The air masses are characterized by two different temperature perturbations due to lee-wave events. With a small temperature perturbation (similar to3 K) that occurred just before the time of the measurement, supercooled ternary solution particles are predicted, and with a strong temperature perturbation (similar to6 K) that occurred four hours before the measurement, nitric acid trihydate particles are formed. C1 Univ Sci & Tech Lille Flandres Artois, Opt Atmospher Lab, CNRS, F-59655 Villeneuve Dascq, France. Univ Orleans, Lab Phys & Chim Environm, CNRS, F-45071 Orleans 2, France. USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Danish Inst Fundamental Metrol, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Univ Sci & Tech Lille Flandres Artois, Opt Atmospher Lab, CNRS, Batiment P5, F-59655 Villeneuve Dascq, France. EM colette.brogniez@univ-lille1.fr; nhuret@cnrs-orelans.fr; eckerman@ismap4.nrl.navy.mil; emmanuel.riviere@cnrs-orleans.fr; mpirre@odyssee.cnrs-orleans.fr; maurice.herman@univ-lille1.fr; jean-yves.balois@univ-lille1.fr; christian.verwaerde@univ-lille1.fr; nl@dmi.dk; bk@dmi.dk RI Larsen, Niels/G-3145-2014 NR 44 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 20 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D6 AR 8332 DI 10.1029/2001JD001017 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 667GK UT WOS:000182222800001 ER PT J AU Papanicolaou, NI Papaconstantopoulos, DA AF Papanicolaou, NI Papaconstantopoulos, DA TI Interatomic potential for Pd and molecular-dynamics simulation of diffusion in Pd/Pd(111) system SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Growth and Evolutio of Ultra Thin Films held at the 2000 European-Materials-Research-Society Spring Meeting CY JUN 18-21, 2000 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc DE interatomic potentials; molecular dynamics simulation; surface diffusion; adatoms; phonon spectra; palladium ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; SELF-DIFFUSION; TRANSITION-METALS; NOBLE-METALS; SURFACE; VACANCIES; ADATOMS; PD(111); STRAIN; ALLOYS AB We present a many-body interatomic potential for Pd within the second-moment approximation of the tight-binding model by fitting to the volume dependence of the total energy of the metal, computed by first-principles linearized augmented plane wave calculations. This potential achieved good accuracy for the elastic constants, phonon spectrum, along with the temperature dependence of the lattice constant of Pd. This was also used, in tandem with molecular-dynamics simulation, to study the self-diffusion of single adatoms on Pd(1 1 1) surface. The diffusion coefficient of Pd adatoms was computed, and was found to present Arrhenius behavior. The migration energy and pre-exponential factor for hopping mechanism were determined and compared with recent scanning tunneling microscopy measurements and previous calculations. Our computed values are generally in better agreement with the experimental data, than those of previous computational works. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, Div Solid State, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Papanicolaou, NI (reprint author), Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, Div Solid State, POB 1186, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD MAR 20 PY 2003 VL 428 IS 1-2 BP 40 EP 46 AR PII S0040-6090(02)01259-2 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(02)01259-2 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 672BG UT WOS:000182500500010 ER PT J AU Donta, ST Clauw, DJ Engel, CC Guarino, P Peduzzi, P Williams, DA Skinner, JS Barkhuizen, A Taylor, T Kazis, LE Sogg, S Hunt, SC Dougherty, CM Richardson, RD Kunkel, C Rodriguez, W Alicea, E Chiliade, P Ryan, M Gray, GC Lutwick, L Norwood, D Smith, S Everson, M Blackburn, W Martin, W Griffiss, JM Cooper, R Renner, E Schmitt, J McMurtry, C Thakore, M Mori, D Kerns, R Park, M Pullman-Mooar, S Bernstein, J Hershberger, P Salisbury, DC Feussner, JR AF Donta, ST Clauw, DJ Engel, CC Guarino, P Peduzzi, P Williams, DA Skinner, JS Barkhuizen, A Taylor, T Kazis, LE Sogg, S Hunt, SC Dougherty, CM Richardson, RD Kunkel, C Rodriguez, W Alicea, E Chiliade, P Ryan, M Gray, GC Lutwick, L Norwood, D Smith, S Everson, M Blackburn, W Martin, W Griffiss, JM Cooper, R Renner, E Schmitt, J McMurtry, C Thakore, M Mori, D Kerns, R Park, M Pullman-Mooar, S Bernstein, J Hershberger, P Salisbury, DC Feussner, JR CA VA Cooperative Study 470 Study Grp TI Cognitive behavioral therapy and aerobic exercise for Gulf War veterans' illnesses - A randomized controlled trial SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; LINEAR MIXED MODELS; FIBROMYALGIA; HEALTH; QUESTIONNAIRE; INTERVENTIONS; MANAGEMENT; INFERENCE; ADHERENCE; OUTCOMES AB Context Gulf War veterans' illnesses (GWVI), multisymptom illnesses characterized by persistent pain, fatigue, and cognitive symptoms, have been reported by many Gulf War veterans. There are currently no effective therapies available to treat GWVI. Objective To compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), exercise, and the combination of both for improving physical functioning and reducing the symptoms,of GWVI. Design, Setting, and Patients Randomized controlled 2 x 2 factorial trial conducted from April 1999 to September 2001 among 1092 Gulf War veterans who reported at least 2 of 3 symptom types (fatigue, pain, and cognitive) for more than 6 months and at the time of screening. Treatment assignment was unmasked except or a masked assessor of study outcomes at each clinical site (18 Department of Veterans Affairs [VA] and 2 Department of Defense [DOD] medical centers). Interventions Veterans were randomly assigned to receive usual care (n=271), consisting of any and all care received from inside or outside the VA or DOD health care systems; CBT plus usual care (n=286); exercise plus usual care (n=269); or CBT plus exercise plus usual care (n=266). Exercise sessions were 60 minutes and CBT sessions were 60 to 90 minutes; both met weekly for 12 weeks. Main Outcome Measures The primary end point was a 7-point or greater increase (improvement) on the Physical Component Summary scale of the Veterans Short Form 36-Item Health Survey at 12 months. Secondary outcomes were standardized measures of pain, fatigue, cognitive symptoms, distress, and mental health functioning. Participants were evaluated at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months. Results The percentage of veterans with improvement in physical function at 1 year was 11.5% for usual care, 11.7% for exercise alone, 18.4% for CBT plus exercise, and 18.5% for CBT alone. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) for improvement in exercise, CBT, and exercise plus CBT vs usual care were 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.63-1.82), 1.72 (95% CI, 0.91-3.23), and 1.84 (95% CI, 0.95-3.55), respectively. OR for the overall (marginal) effect of receiving CBT (n=552) vs no CBT (n=535) was 1.71 (95% CI, 1.15-2.53) and for exercise (n=531) vs no exercise (n=556) was 1.07 (95% CI, 0.76-1.50). For secondary outcomes, exercise alone or in combination with CBT significantly improved fatigue, distress, cognitive symptoms, and mental health functioning, while CBT alone significantly improved cognitive symptoms and menial health functioning. Neither treatment had a significant impact on pain. Conclusion Our results suggest that CBT and/or exercise can provide modest relief for some of the symptoms of chronic multisymptom illnesses such as GWVI. C1 VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst, Cooperat Studies Program Coordinating Ctr 151A, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. VA Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. VA Med & Reg Off Ctr, White River Jct, VT USA. VA Med Ctr, Bedford, MA USA. VA Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA USA. New Mexico VA Hlth Care Syst, Albuquerque, NM USA. San Juan VA Med Ctr, San Juan, PR USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. New York Harbor VA Healthcare Syst, New York, NY USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. John Cochran VA Med Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. Fargo VA Med & Reg Off Ctr, Fargo, ND USA. HH McGuire VA Med Ctr, Richmond, VA USA. VA New Jersey Hlth Care Syst, E Orange, NJ USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Dayton VA Med Ctr, Dayton, OH USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Peduzzi, P (reprint author), VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst, Cooperat Studies Program Coordinating Ctr 151A, 950 Campbell Ave, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. RI Williams, David/A-1180-2007 NR 51 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 19 PY 2003 VL 289 IS 11 BP 1396 EP 1404 DI 10.1001/jama.289.11.1396 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 656PM UT WOS:000181616200031 PM 12636462 ER PT J AU Papaconstantopoulos, DA Mehl, MJ AF Papaconstantopoulos, DA Mehl, MJ TI The Slater-Koster tight-binding method: a computationally efficient and accurate approach SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Review ID COHERENT-POTENTIAL-APPROXIMATION; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; VACANCY FORMATION ENERGY; EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; TRANSITION-METALS; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; NOBLE-METALS; DISLOCATION NUCLEATION; POSITRON-ANNIHILATION AB In this article we discuss the Slater-Koster (SK) tight-binding (TB) method from the perspective of our own developments and applications to this method. We first present an account of our work in constructing TB Hamiltonians and applying them to a variety of calculations which require an accurate representation of the electronic energy bands and density of states. In the second part of the article we present the Naval Research Laboratory TB method, wherein we demonstrate that this elaborate scheme can accurately account for both the band structure and total energy of a given system. The SK parameters generated by this method are transferable to other structures and provide the means for performing computationally demanding calculations of fairly large systems. These calculations, including molecular dynamics, are of comparable accuracy to first-principles calculations and three orders of magnitude faster. C1 USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM papacon@dave.nrl.navy.mil; mehl@dave.nrl.navy.mil RI Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016 NR 100 TC 85 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 17 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD MAR 19 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 10 BP R413 EP R440 AR PII S0953-8984(03)56655-3 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/15/10/201 PG 28 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 665PP UT WOS:000182130100003 ER PT J AU Schull, TL Kushmerick, JG Patterson, CH George, C Moore, MH Pollack, SK Shashidhar, R AF Schull, TL Kushmerick, JG Patterson, CH George, C Moore, MH Pollack, SK Shashidhar, R TI Ligand effects on charge transport in platinum(II) acetylides SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER; MOLECULAR WIRES; YNE POLYMERS; COMPLEXES; DEVICES; METALS; MODEL; CHAIN C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Schull, TL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM schull@nrl.navy.mil; kush@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil RI Kushmerick, James/C-2882-2008 NR 19 TC 106 Z9 106 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 19 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 11 BP 3202 EP 3203 DI 10.1021/ja029564o PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 655MF UT WOS:000181555600006 PM 12630861 ER PT J AU Cao, H Flippen-Anderson, J Cook, JM AF Cao, H Flippen-Anderson, J Cook, JM TI The synthesis of a dicyclopenta[a,e]pentalene via a molybdenum hexacarbonyl-mediated tandem allenic Pauson-Khand reaction SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CYCLOPENTENONES; CYCLOADDITION; HYDROCARBONS C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Cook, JM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM capncook@uwm.edu NR 16 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 19 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 11 BP 3230 EP 3231 DI 10.1021/ja021159+ PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 655MF UT WOS:000181555600020 PM 12630875 ER PT J AU Knickerbocker, T Strother, T Schwartz, MP Russell, JN Butler, J Smith, LM Hamers, RJ AF Knickerbocker, T Strother, T Schwartz, MP Russell, JN Butler, J Smith, LM Hamers, RJ TI DNA-modified diamond surfaces SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID TERMINATED SILICON SURFACES; VAPOR-DEPOSITED DIAMOND; BORON-DOPED DIAMOND; COVALENT ATTACHMENT; FIELD-EMISSION; MONOLAYERS; GOLD; IMMOBILIZATION; HYBRIDIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY AB Preparation and hybridization of DNA-modified polycrystalline diamond substrates with fluorescently labeled complementary and noncomplementary oligonucleotide sequences were investigated. Hydrogen-terminated, free-standing diamond substrates were photochemically modified to produce amine-terminated surfaces. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the initial attachment of a protected amine and the subsequent deprotection chemistry. Thiol-terminated DNA oligonucleotides were then linked to the amine-terminated diamond surfaces using a heterobifunctional linker. It is shown that hybridization on DNA-modified polycrystalline diamond is specific, with strong binding of perfectly matched 16-mer complements and little or no binding to 16-mers with 4 mismatched nucleotides. A direct comparison of DNA hybridization on DNA-modified diamond and DNA-modified surfaces of crystalline silicon shows that the diamond surfaces exhibit superior chemical stability under the conditions employed to hybridize and denature the DNA-modified surfaces. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hamers, RJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, 1101 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008; Russell, John/A-3621-2009; Schwartz, Michael/B-3417-2008; Schwartz, Mike/O-7963-2016; Hamers, Robert/C-6466-2008 OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176; Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3785-6606; Schwartz, Mike/0000-0003-3785-6606; Hamers, Robert/0000-0003-3821-9625 NR 40 TC 114 Z9 117 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 18 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 6 BP 1938 EP 1942 DI 10.1021/la026279 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 655PY UT WOS:000181562700006 ER PT J AU Johnson, EW Jung, AE Bobb, AJ AF Johnson, EW Jung, AE Bobb, AJ TI Cloning and expression analysis of a Cytochrome P450 promoter from zebrafish (Danio rerio) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Geocenters Inc, TD, NHRC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Toxicol, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1326 EP A1326 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796902700 ER PT J AU Qadri, SB Kim, H Yousuf, M Khan, HR AF Qadri, SB Kim, H Yousuf, M Khan, HR TI Synthesis of In2O3-Sc2O3 transparent conducting oxide films SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Physics and Chemistry of Advanced Laser Materials Processing CY JUN 18-21, 2002 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE DE transparent conducting oxide films; X-ray diffraction; electrical resistivity ID LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICES; THIN-FILMS; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; IN2O3-ZRO2; SCANDIA AB Films of M2O3-Sc2O3 were deposited on glass substrates at a temperature of 250 degreesC in an oxygen pressure of 10 mTorr using a pulsed laser deposition technique. Films with Sc2O3 composition varying between 0 and 1.0 wt.% have resistivities varying between 1.85 x 10(-3) Q cm and 2.18 x 10(-1) Q cm and their optical transparencies are more than 80% for wavelengths between 400 and 900 nm. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. FEM, D-73525 Schwabisch Gmund, Germany. RP Qadri, SB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 208 BP 611 EP 614 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(02)01402-2 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 661BK UT WOS:000181871200101 ER PT J AU Bates, JW AF Bates, JW TI Reconstruction of Ross' linear-mixing model for the equation of state of deuterium SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE deuterium; equation of state; linear mixing model ID SHOCKED LIQUID DEUTERIUM; ULTRASONIC-VELOCITY-MEASUREMENTS; MOLECULAR-METALLIC TRANSITION; GPA 1-6 MBAR; P-V-T; HIGH-DENSITY; FLUID HYDROGEN; HIGH-PRESSURE; TEMPERATURE; H-2 AB The linear mixing (LM) model proposed by Ross [Phys. Rev. B 58 (1998) 669] can accurately reproduce experimental Hugoniot data for shocked liquid deuterium at pressures up to 6 Mbax. Using a simple dissociation scheme, the model smoothly interpolates between (or linearly "mixes") a molecular fluid equation of state (EOS) applicable at low pressures, and a metallic-like description valid under more extreme conditions. with the relative composition of the mixture determined by minimizing the total Helmholtz free energy of the system. Although the formulation of the LM model is straightforward, it nevertheless involves a series of nontrivial computation,, and results whose details are fragmented in the published literature. We present an explicit and self-contained reconstruction of the LM model, and correct minor typographical errors that appeared in the original publications. Limitations of Ross' approach and comparisons with popular alternate theories are also discussed, although no attempt is made to conduct a thorough survey of existing EOS models for deuterium. Listings of the Mathematica codes used to compute the principal Hugoniot curve. and equilibrium thermodynamic quantities such as the specific heat, Gruneisen coefficient, and sound speed, are provided in the appendices. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Laser Plasma Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bates, JW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Laser Plasma Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bates@this.nrl.navy.mil NR 81 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 151 IS 2 BP 149 EP 170 AR PII S0010-4655(02)00698-7 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(02)00698-7 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 646BU UT WOS:000181015600003 ER PT J AU Johnstone, PAS AF Johnstone, PAS TI Biochemical failure after definitive therapy of prostate cancer: Defining the Chicken switch SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; SALVAGE RADIOTHERAPY; ANTIGEN; IMMEDIATE C1 USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Johnstone, PAS (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Radiat Oncol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 14, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0360-3016 J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 55 IS 4 BP 859 EP 860 DI 10.1016/S0360-3016(02)04214-1 PG 2 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 650NE UT WOS:000181269600001 PM 12605962 ER PT J AU Johnstone, PAS Riffenburgh, RH Moul, JW Sun, L Wu, HY McLeod, DG Kane, CJ Martin, DD Kusuda, L Lance, R Douglas, R Donahue, T Beat, MG Foley, J Chung, A Soderdahl, D Do, J Amling, CL AF Johnstone, PAS Riffenburgh, RH Moul, JW Sun, L Wu, HY McLeod, DG Kane, CJ Martin, DD Kusuda, L Lance, R Douglas, R Donahue, T Beat, MG Foley, J Chung, A Soderdahl, D Do, J Amling, CL TI Effect of age on biochemical disease-free outcome in patients with T1-T3 prostate cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy in an equal-access health care system: A radiation oncology report of the department of defense center for prostate disease research SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 44th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Therapeutic-Radiology-and-Oncology CY OCT 06-10, 2002 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Soc Therapeut Radiol & Oncol DE prostate neoplasms; radiotherapy; outcomes ID EXTERNAL-BEAM RADIATION; MEN LESS; THERAPY; ADENOCARCINOMA; OLD; PROGNOSIS; CARCINOMA; YOUNGER; ANTIGEN; RACE AB Purpose: It has traditionally been a common perception that young age is a negative prognostic factor in prostate cancer (CaP). Furthermore, many urologists believe that younger patients are better suited to surgery rather than radiotherapy (RT) because of this perception. However, the data on the effect of age on outcome in patients with CaP are unclear. The records of the Department of Defense Center for Prostate Disease Research were queried for the biochemical disease-free results of patients after definitive RT and analyzed by age. Methods and Materials: The records of 1018 patients with T1-T3 CaP treated with definitive RT between 1988 and 2000 were reviewed. The records of patients receiving adjuvant hormonal therapy or adjuvant or salvage RT postoperatively were excluded. Biochemical failure was calculated by the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology criteria. The median potential follow-up was 85.3 months as of December 31, 2001. Results: Age did not affect biochemical disease-free survival significantly when considered as <60 vs. greater than or equal to60 years (p = 0.646), by decade (p = 0.329), or as a continuous variable (correlation coefficient r = 0.017, regression slope = 0.007, with p = 0.588 and R-2 < 0.001). Using multiple regression analysis, age was still not significant (p = 0.408). Other variables analyzed were pretreatment prostate-specific antigen level (p < 0.001), Gleason sum (p = 0.023), stage (p = 0.828), and RT dose (p = 0.033). Conclusion: Age and biochemical disease-free survival after RT for CaP are not related. Age may not be a valid factor in choosing between primary treatment options for CaP. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USN, San Diego Med Ctr, KCA, Clin Invest Dept, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. USN, Ctr Med, Portsmouth, VA USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Malcolm Grow Med Ctr, Andrews AFB, MD USA. RP USN, San Diego Med Ctr, KCA, Clin Invest Dept, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM pajohnstone@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 27 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0360-3016 EI 1879-355X J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 55 IS 4 BP 964 EP 969 DI 10.1016/S0360-3016(02)04283-9 PG 6 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 650NE UT WOS:000181269600013 PM 12605974 ER PT J AU Lim, LC Kumar, FJ Amin, A AF Lim, LC Kumar, FJ Amin, A TI Trapped metastable phases in Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O-3-(8-9)%PbTiO3 single-crystal wafers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTIES; TRANSITIONS AB In addition to locally stressed rhombohedral phase, evidence for trapped metastable phases in (001)-cut single-crystal wafers of Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O-3-(8-9)%PbTiO3 has been obtained by means of the x-ray diffraction technique. The rhombohedral phase is stressed predominantly in compression in the plane of the wafer, both in unpoled and poled conditions, giving rise to the broad shoulder at the lower 2theta end of the rhombohedral peak. Trapped tetragonal phase, with its c axis lying both in the plane and perpendicular to the plane of the wafer, can also be detected in as-sliced, unpoled wafers. Upon poling along the [001] thickness direction, the tetragonal phase with its c axis lying in the plane of the wafer is transformed readily to the rhombohedral phase. In contrast, a minute amount of tetragonal phase with its c axis perpendicular to the plane of the wafer can be stabilized by the stressed rhombohedral matrix in poled state. At sufficiently high poling fields (i.e., greater than or equal to1.2 kV/mm), a trapped pseudomonoclinic phase may be formed among the locally stressed rhombohedral lattice. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Mech Engn, Singapore 119260, Singapore. Microfine Mat Technol Pte Ltd, Singapore 118407, Singapore. USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Lim, LC (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Mech Engn, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260, Singapore. NR 8 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 6 BP 3671 EP 3673 DI 10.1063/1.1555841 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 652JQ UT WOS:000181376400084 ER PT J AU Bermudez, VM AF Bermudez, VM TI Comment on "Pd growth and subsequent Schottky barrier formation on chemical vapor cleaned p-type GaN surfaces" [J. Appl. Phys. 91, 732 (2002)] SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID WURTZITE GAN; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CHEMISORPTION; STATES; BAND; SPECTROSCOPY; GAN(0001) AB This Comment attempts to clarify issues relating to the determination of the energy separation between the valence band maximum and the Fermi level in surface-sensitive photoemission experiments on wurtzite GaN. Such considerations are relevant to the measurement of band bending at the surface of wide-band gap materials. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bermudez, VM (reprint author), USN, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Res Lab, Code 6862, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 6 BP 3677 EP 3678 DI 10.1063/1.1542925 PG 2 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 652JQ UT WOS:000181376400086 ER PT J AU Sauer, KL Suits, BH Garroway, AN Miller, JB AF Sauer, KL Suits, BH Garroway, AN Miller, JB TI Secondary echoes in three-frequency nuclear quadrupole resonance of spin-1 nuclei SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COHERENCE; SOLIDS; NQR AB We demonstrate, theoretically and experimentally, that the irradiation of a powder sample containing spin-1 nuclei by two of the three characteristic nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) frequencies can result in several echo signals at the third NQR frequency. One of these echoes, the principal echo, has the same shape and time of occurrence as an echo produced after a pair of single-frequency excitations. The other echoes are not equivalent to any single-frequency echo. These secondary echoes are the focus of this paper. The time of occurrence and shape of the secondary echoes are determined by the correlation of the distribution in one transition frequency to the distribution in a second transition frequency. This correlation is in turn determined by the correlation between the distributions of the electric field gradient components, which is itself determined by the types and concentrations of crystalline defects present. We present the optimal conditions to observe such secondary echoes and compare theory with experiment using N-14 (I=1) in powder samples of sodium nitrite and RDX. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Sauer, KL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6122, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 11 BP 5071 EP 5081 DI 10.1063/1.1545442 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 650XJ UT WOS:000181289000033 ER PT J AU Lockhart, JA Wardlaw, WP AF Lockhart, JA Wardlaw, WP TI Chain addition cycles SO LINEAR ALGEBRA AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE chain addition; cryptography; fibonacci; matrix periods AB For each seed s = (s(1), s(2), ..., s(n)) of elements s(i) chosen from the ring Z(m) of integers modulo m, the infinite sequence S = S(m, s) = (s(k): k is an element of N) satisfying s(n+k) = s(k) + s(k+1) (addition in Z(m)) for every positive integer k is the (m, n) chain,addition sequence generated by the seed s. We investigate the maximal period, L-n(m), of chain addition cycles with seed length n (modulo m). The general problem is reduced to finding L-n(p(k)) for primes p and it is shown that if L-n(p(2)) not equal L-n(p), then L-n(p(k)) = p(k-1) L-n(p) for positive integers k. Further, conditions guaranteeing that L-n(p(2)) not equal L-n(p) are given. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Lockhart, JA (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0024-3795 J9 LINEAR ALGEBRA APPL JI Linear Alg. Appl. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 362 BP 1 EP 10 AR PII S0024-3795(02)00512-8 DI 10.1016/S0024-3795(02)00512-8 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 648MH UT WOS:000181154800001 ER PT J AU Yokomizo, T Enomoto, M Umezawa, O Spanos, G Rosenberg, RO AF Yokomizo, T Enomoto, M Umezawa, O Spanos, G Rosenberg, RO TI Three-dimensional distribution, morphology, and nucleation site of intragranular ferrite formed in association with inclusions SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE iron; phase transformation; ferrite; inclusion; morphology ID MEDIUM-CARBON STEELS; HEAT-AFFECTED ZONE; 3-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS; MN DEPLETION; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; TRANSFORMATION; PLATES AB The three-dimensional (3-D) distribution, morphology and nucleation site of intragranular ferrite formed in association with MnS particles were observed by computer-aided reconstruction of images obtained by serial sectioning in an Fe-0.1 mass% C-1.5mass% Mn alloy isothermally reacted at 610 and 640 degreesC. 3-D analysis indicated that essentially all the intragranular ferrite precipitates nucleate at inclusions. The 3-D shape of idiomorphic ferrite precipitates was considerably more irregular than would be expected from their shape on polished specimen surfaces. Electron backscattering diffraction analysis showed that ferrite particles nucleated at inclusions were often composed of several grains and subgrains, and most of them were in contact with the surfaces of inclusions. Widmanstatten ferrite which grew radially from inclusions had a lath rather than a plate shape at the temperature studied. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Ibaraki Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan. Ibaraki Univ, Fac Engn, Hitachi, Ibaraki 3168511, Japan. Yokohama Natl Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Div Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2408501, Japan. USN, Res Lab, Phys Met Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Enomoto, M (reprint author), Ibaraki Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan. RI UMEZAWA, Osamu/C-9702-2012 OI UMEZAWA, Osamu/0000-0003-0380-1885 NR 38 TC 47 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 344 IS 1-2 BP 261 EP 267 AR PII S0921-5093(02)00411-2 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00411-2 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 635FX UT WOS:000180389300031 ER PT J AU Campillo, AL Hsu, JWP Parameswaran, KR Fejer, MM AF Campillo, AL Hsu, JWP Parameswaran, KR Fejer, MM TI Direct imaging of multimode interference in a channel waveguide SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; LINBO3 WAVE-GUIDES; DEVICES; SYSTEM AB By use of a near-field scanning optical microscope in collection mode, multimode interference was directly measured in an annealed proton-exchanged LiNbO3 waveguide. Periodic transitions from a single-peaked Gaussianlike intensity distribution to a double-peaked intensity distribution were observed. The intensity distribution along the waveguide was calculated, and the results. agree well with the experimental observation. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Campillo, AL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM alc@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 28 IS 6 BP 399 EP 401 DI 10.1364/OL.28.000399 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 652ZT UT WOS:000181411300007 PM 12659259 ER PT J AU Cabria, I Mintmire, JW White, CT AF Cabria, I Mintmire, JW White, CT TI Metallic and semiconducting narrow carbon nanotubes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NANOSCALE GRAPHITIC TUBULES; DENSITY-OF-STATES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MATERIALS SCIENCE; ENERGETICS; POLYACETYLENE; FULLERENES AB We report local-density-functional results that show that narrow nanotubes with optimized diameters between about 0.34 and 0.5 nm can be either semiconducting or metallic, but with electron structures near the Fermi level that often cannot be understood starting from the graphene sheet model, successful in the study of larger diameter tubes. Our total-energy calculations indicate that narrow nanotubes recently observed either as the central shell of a multiwalled tube or encased in a porous zeolite, if isolated, should be stable against complete unzipping along the nanotube axis. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Cabria, I (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. NR 33 TC 108 Z9 109 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 12 AR 121406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.121406 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 666CL UT WOS:000182158000026 ER PT J AU Johnson, M Byers, J AF Johnson, M Byers, J TI Charge and spin diffusion in mesoscopic metal wires and at ferromagnet/nonmagnet interfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID POLARIZED TRANSPORT; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; GOLD-FILMS; INJECTION; ACCUMULATION; INTERFERENCE; MULTILAYERS; PERMALLOY; JUNCTION AB Issues related to "charge-spin coupling" and the diffusive transport of nonequilibrium spin polarized electrons in nonmagnetic materials and at the interface between ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic materials are discussed theoretically. Equations that govern charge and spin transport in three dimensions are derived and appropriate boundary conditions are discussed. These results are applied to a numerical calculation of spin accumulation and diffusion in a two-dimensional Van der Pauw cross. A detailed model of spin transport at ferromagnetic-nonmagnetic metal interfaces is reviewed, the limiting cases of high and low interface conductance are treated, and the relevance of "resistance mismatch" for a variety of experimental systems is analyzed. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 29 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 12 AR 125112 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.125112 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 666CL UT WOS:000182158000043 ER PT J AU Kim, SG Erwin, SC Nosho, BZ Whitman, LJ AF Kim, SG Erwin, SC Nosho, BZ Whitman, LJ TI Electronic versus geometric contrast in cross-sectional STM images of III-V semiconductor heterostructures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; INTERFACIAL STRUCTURE; GROWTH; HETEROJUNCTIONS; SUPERLATTICES; SURFACE AB We report first-principles calculations of the electronic and geometric structure of the (110) cross-sectional surfaces on InAs/GaSb superlattices, and compare the results with scanning tunneling microscopy images of filled electronic states. In both the predicted and measured images the InAs surfaces appear lower than GaSb, a height difference we show is caused primarily by differences in the electronic structure of the two materials. In contrast, local variations in the apparent height of surface atoms at InSb- or GaAs-like interfaces arise primarily from geometric distortions associated with local differences in bond length. Our calculated energies for atomic intermixing indicate that anion exchanges are exothermic at GaAs interfaces but endothermic at InSb interfaces. This difference may explain why GaAs interfaces are typically more disordered than InSb interfaces in these heterostructures. C1 Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kim, SG (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RI Erwin, Steven/B-1850-2009; Whitman, Lloyd/G-9320-2011 OI Whitman, Lloyd/0000-0002-3117-1174 NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 12 AR 121306 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.121306 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 666CL UT WOS:000182158000016 ER PT J AU Kuno, M Fromm, DP Johnson, ST Gallagher, A Nesbitt, DJ AF Kuno, M Fromm, DP Johnson, ST Gallagher, A Nesbitt, DJ TI Modeling distributed kinetics in isolated semiconductor quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CDSE/CDS CORE/SHELL NANOCRYSTALS; DETECTED MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; SINGLE MOLECULES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SPECTRAL DIFFUSION; JUMPS; SPECTROSCOPY; TIME; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE AB A detailed modeling of recently observed nonexponential fluorescence intermittency in colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) is presented. In particular, experiments have shown that both "on"-time and "off"-time probability densities generated from single-QD fluorescence trajectories follow an inverse power law, P(tau(on/off))proportional to1/tau(on/off)(1+alpha), over multiple decades in time, where the exponent 1+alpha can, in general, differ for "on" versus "off" episodes. Several models are considered and tested against their ability to predict inverse power law behavior in both P(tau(on)) and P(tau(off)). A physical picture involving electron tunneling to, and return from, traps located several nanometers away from the QD is found to be consistent with the observed P(tau(off)) but does not yield the inverse power-law behavior seen in P(tau(on)). However, a simple phenomenological model based on exponentially distributed and randomly switched on and off decay rates is analyzed in detail and shown to yield an inverse power-law behavior in both P(tau(on)) and P(tau(off)). Monte Carlo calculations are used to simulate the resulting blinking behavior, and are subsequently compared with experimental observations. Most relevantly, these comparisons indicate that the experimental on-->off blinking kinetics are independent of excitation intensity, in contradiction with previous multiphoton models of on/off intermittency based on an Auger-assisted ionization of the QD by recombination of a second electron-hole pair. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Nesbitt, DJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RI Kuno, Masaru/K-2673-2012 NR 62 TC 239 Z9 240 U1 4 U2 47 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 12 AR 125304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.125304 PG 15 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 666CL UT WOS:000182158000063 ER PT J AU Mochena, M Lin-Chung, PJ AF Mochena, M Lin-Chung, PJ TI Manganese nanoclusters and nanowires on GaAs surfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL SPIN INJECTION; III-V SEMICONDUCTORS; FERROMAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTOR; EXCHANGE INTERACTION; MAGNETISM; (GA,MN)AS; HETEROSTRUCTURE; SPINTRONICS; PARAMETERS; GA1-XMNXAS AB We have computed the ground-state local magnetic moments of manganese and neighboring arsenic for various cluster configurations on the (001) surface of a GaAs bulk crystal using a cluster of 512 atoms. For manganese we obtained a substantial local magnetic moment of (3.66+/-0.01)mu(B) for all cases considered. The induced magnetic moment of arsenic is less than that of manganese by two orders of magnitude, and falls off drastically beyond the nearest-neighbor distance. A small amount of charge is transferred from the manganese atom to the arsenic atom. The possibility of a spin-polarized wire channel on the arsenic layer below the surface is suggested. C1 Florida A&M Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mochena, M (reprint author), Florida A&M Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 12 AR 125317 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.125317 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 666CL UT WOS:000182158000076 ER PT J AU Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR AF Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR TI Spin-polarizing properties of the InAs/(AlSb)/GaMnSb/(AlSb)/InAs ferromagnetic resonant interband tunneling diode SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTOR; MAGNETOTRANSPORT PROPERTIES; CURIE-TEMPERATURE; SUPERLATTICES; INJECTION; MAGNETORESISTANCE; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SPECTROSCOPY; GA1-XMNXAS; (GA,MN)AS AB We theoretically investigate the low-temperature spin-dependent current-voltage characteristics of the ferromagnetic resonant interband tunneling diode (FRITD). The simulations are based on a transmission formulation of the effective bond-orbital method (EBOM), which self-consistently includes both the electrostatic potential and the magnetic exchange interaction. Despite negligible spin splitting in the InAs emitter and collector regions, this type-II InAs/(AlSb)/GaMnSb/(AlSb)/InAs structure can function either as a source of spin-polarized electrons, whose polarity depends on the applied bias, or as a spin valve. For unpolarized emitter electrons, the spin polarization of carriers transmitted to the collector can be as high as approximate to 90%. We consider both thicker-well structures, in which the interband tunneling occurs primarily via light-hole-like states, and thinner-well devices whose transport is dominated by heavy-hole transitions. Since the maximum FRITD operating temperature is limited primarily by the Curie temperature in the GaMnSb hole quantum well, the same favorable device performance may be achievable at 77 K by employing the digital incorporation of Mn into the center of a GaSb hole well. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 47 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 12 AR 125209 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.125209 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 666CL UT WOS:000182158000059 ER PT J AU Woods, LM Reinecke, TL AF Woods, LM Reinecke, TL TI Nonlinear polaritonic effects in photonic wires SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID AMPLIFIER; EXCITONS AB A theoretical description of polaritons in quasi-one-dimensional microcavities is given where the nonlinear effects due to Coulomb exciton-exciton interaction and phase space filling are included explicitly. Analytical results are obtained for the power and time dependences of the optical response including anomalous amplification at short delay times and scattering between quasi-one-dimensional subbands from the lower as well as from the upper polariton branches. Spin quantum beats for the long delay times are shown to be consistent with exchange splitting of optically active excitons induced by uniaxial strain. The power and exchange splitting dependences of this response are obtained. The nonlinear approach describing the optical effects for both time scales are similar and include the exchange interaction for longer delay times. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Woods, LM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 11 AR 115336 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.115336 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663YP UT WOS:000182035100112 ER PT J AU Meyers, MA Xu, YB Xue, Q Perez-Prado, MT McNelley, TR AF Meyers, MA Xu, YB Xue, Q Perez-Prado, MT McNelley, TR TI Microstructural evolution in adiabatic shear localization in stainless steel SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE AISI 304L; stainless steel; shear bands; adiabatic deformation; twinning; lattice rotation; amorphization; recrystallization ID SEVERE PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; STRAIN-RATE DEFORMATION; DYNAMIC RECRYSTALLIZATION; GRAIN-SIZE; ALLOY; TANTALUM; BOUNDARIES; TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR; COPPER AB Shear bands were generated under prescribed and controlled conditions in an AISI 304L stainless steel (Fe-18%Cr-8%Ni). Hat-shaped specimens were deformed in a Hopkinson bar at strain rates of ca 10(4) s(-1) and shear strains that could be varied between I and 100. Microstructural characterization was performed by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) with orientation imaging microscopy (OIM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The shear-band thickness was ca 1-8 mum. This alloy with low-stacking fault energy deforms, at the imposed strain rates (outside of the shear band), by planar dislocations and stacking fault packets, twinning, and occasional martensitic phase transformations at twin-band intersections and regions of high plastic deformation. EBSD reveals gradual lattice rotations of the grains approaching the core of the band. A [110] fiber texture (with the [110] direction perpendicular to both shear direction and shear plane normal) develops both within the shear band and in the adjacent grains. The formation of this texture, under an imposed global simple shear, suggests that rotations take place concurrently with the shearing deformation. This can be explained by compatibility requirements between neighboring deforming regions. EBSD could not reveal the deformation features at large strains because their scale was below the resolution of this technique. TEM reveals a number of features that are interpreted in terms of the mechanisms of deformation and recovery/recrystallization postulated,. They include the observation of grains with sizes in the nanocrystalline domain. The microstructural changes are described by an evolutionary model, leading from the initial grain size of 15 mum to the final submicronic (sub) grain size. Calculations are performed on the rotations of grain boundaries by grain-boundary diffusion, which is three orders of magnitude higher than bulk diffusion at the deformation temperatures. They indicate that the microstructural reorganization can take place within the deformation times of a few milliseconds. There is evidence that the unique microstructure is formed by rotational dynamic recrystallization. An amorphous region within the shear band is also observed and it is proposed that it is formed by a solid-state amorphization process; both the heating and cooling times within the band are extremely low and propitiate the retention of non-equilibrium structures. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China. RP McNelley, TR (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM tmcnelley@nps.navy.mil RI Perez-Prado, Maria Teresa/M-2050-2014; Meyers, Marc/A-2970-2016 OI Perez-Prado, Maria Teresa/0000-0003-0758-2851; Meyers, Marc/0000-0003-1698-5396 NR 67 TC 225 Z9 251 U1 17 U2 178 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1307 EP 1325 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00526-8 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 657QK UT WOS:000181677700010 ER PT J AU Serrador, JM Schlegel, TT Black, FO Wood, SJ AF Serrador, JM Schlegel, TT Black, FO Wood, SJ TI Vestibular-cerebrovascular interactions during upright tilt SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Div Aging, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Legacy Hlth Syst, Neurotol Res, Portland, OR USA. USN, NAMRL, Pensacola, FL USA. RI Serrador, Jorge/A-9172-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A20 EP A20 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733100097 ER PT J AU Thitoff, AR Johnson, EW Bobb, AJ Arfsten, DP AF Thitoff, AR Johnson, EW Bobb, AJ Arfsten, DP TI Characterization of mRNA levels present in skin and liver cells from CD-1 mice exposed subchronically to a gun cleaning compound (BreakFree (R)) in use with the US Military SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 GeoCenters Inc, Toxicol Mol Biol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A574 EP A574 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733102699 ER PT J AU Deng, G Collins, GE AF Deng, G Collins, GE TI Nonaqueous based microchip separation of toxic metal ions using 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-(N-propyl-N-sulfopropylamino)phenol SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE chip technology; nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis; metal cations; bromopyridylazopropylsulfo-propylaminophenol ID LED ABSORBENCY DETECTION; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; CHIP; ISOTACHOPHORESIS; EXPLOSIVES; COMPLEXES; WATER AB The colorimetric metal chelating agent, 2-(5-bromo-2-pyildylazo)-5-(N-propyl-N-sulfopropylainino)phenol (5-Br-PAPS), was demonstrated on a capillary electrophoresis microchip in the separation and detection of six metal ions of environmental concern, Cd2+, Pb2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Hg2+. The inclusion of methanol in the buffer was found to improve both the separation efficiency and sensitivity, in addition to making the technique directly amenable to the application of solid-phase extraction. The combination of metal chelation with solid-phase extraction on a C-18 silica gel microcolumn gave several hundred fold improvements in detection limits for the CE microchip measurements of toxic metal ions in water and extracted from a solid Plexiglas surface. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Chem Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Collins, GE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Chem Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 6116, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 20 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 989 IS 2 BP 311 EP 316 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00080-3 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 652JZ UT WOS:000181377200014 PM 12650264 ER PT J AU Rolison, DR AF Rolison, DR TI Catalytic nanoarchitectures - The importance of nothing and the unimportance of periodicity SO SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID FUEL-CELL ELECTROCATALYSTS; MESOPOROUS MATERIALS; COMPOSITE AEROGELS; METHANOL OXIDATION; POROUS MATERIALS; CARBON; GOLD; ARCHITECTURES; ELECTRODES; CHEMISTRY AB Heterogeneous catalysis has always been an inherently nanoscopic phenomenon with important technological and societal consequences for energy conversion and the production of chemicals. New opportunities for improved performance arise when the multifunctionality inherent in catalytic processes, including molecular transport of reactants and products, is rethought in light of architectures designed and fabricated from the appropriate nanoscale building blocks, including the use of "nothing" (void space) and deliberate disorder as design components. Architectures with all of the appropriate electrochemical and catalytic requirements, including large surface areas readily accessible to molecules, may now be assembled on the benchtop. Designing catalytic nanoarchitectures that depart from the hegemony of periodicity and order offers the promise of even higher activity. C1 USN, Res Lab, Adv Electrochem Mat Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rolison, DR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Adv Electrochem Mat Sect, Code 6171, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 37 TC 727 Z9 740 U1 20 U2 270 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 299 IS 5613 BP 1698 EP 1701 DI 10.1126/science.1082332 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 654WM UT WOS:000181519500035 PM 12637736 ER PT J AU Shantz, NC Leaitch, WR Caffrey, PF AF Shantz, NC Leaitch, WR Caffrey, PF TI Effect of organics of low solubility on the growth rate of cloud droplets SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE organic CCN; indirect aerosol effect ID CONDENSATION NUCLEUS ACTIVITY; SEA-SALT AEROSOL; CARBONACEOUS AEROSOLS; CHAMBER MEASUREMENTS; SURFACE-TENSION; ALPHA-PINENE; OXIDATION; PARTICLES; ALBEDO; POLLUTION AB Organic aerosols represent an important fraction of the fine particle aerosol, yet little is known about the role that these particles play in the indirect effect of aerosols on climate. The growth rates of organic acid particles due to the condensation of water were measured in a cloud condensation nucleus chamber. Delays in the cloud activation of organic acid particles were observed relative to ammonium sulfate, (NH4)(2)SO4. The inclusion of particle dissolution with time according to its water solubility in a kinetic model of condensational growth of droplets was able to reasonably reproduce the observed delays, indicating that the delays in the growth of the organic acid particles were mainly due to their lower solubilities. Applying the results in an adiabatic simulation of cloud droplet nucleation, the number of cloud droplets nucleated on particles with solubility equivalent to adipic acid were reduced relative to those nucleated on (NH4)(2)SO4 by up to 85%. The relative solubility of organic species must be considered when simulating the indirect effect of organic aerosol particles. C1 York Univ, Ctr Res Earth & Space Sci, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. Meteorol Serv Canada, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shantz, NC (reprint author), York Univ, Ctr Res Earth & Space Sci, 4700 Keele St, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. EM Nicole.Shantz@ec.gc.ca NR 34 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 13 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D5 AR 4168 DI 10.1029/2002JD002540 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 666AQ UT WOS:000182153800004 ER PT J AU Hallock, ZR Pistek, P Book, JW Miller, JL Shay, LK Perkins, HT AF Hallock, ZR Pistek, P Book, JW Miller, JL Shay, LK Perkins, HT TI A description of tides near the Chesapeake Bay entrance using in situ data with an adjoint model SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE tides; data assimilation; Chesapeake Bay ID DATA ASSIMILATION AB [1] Time series of surface elevation and current velocity in the vicinity of the Chesapeake Bay entrance are assimilated into a linear, barotropic model using an iterative adjoint method. Tide surface elevations, NOAA-NOS tidal data, moored acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), and ocean surface current radar (OSCR) data are included in the assimilation. Data are analyzed for three tidal constituents (M-2, S-2, O-1); tidal series are constructed from these constituents and then used in the model assimilations. Statistics of predicted currents compare favorably with those calculated from data not used in the assimilation. An error analysis of the data distribution is performed for the M-2 tidal component, showing lower errors near assimilation data series but large errors, particularly for velocity, at some locations. Addition of a hypothetical current mooring dramatically reduces errors over most of the domain. We believe these results give the most demonstrably accurate description now available of tidal currents for this region of strong currents and heavy shipping. C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. RP USN, Res Lab, Code 7332, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM hallock@nrlssc.navy.mil; pistek@ssc.usm.edu; book@nrlssc.navy.mil; nick@rsmas.miami.edu NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR 13 PY 2003 VL 108 IS C3 AR 3075 DI 10.1029/2001JC000820 PG 9 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 666VV UT WOS:000182197900006 ER PT J AU Kara, AB Rochford, PA Hurlburt, HE AF Kara, AB Rochford, PA Hurlburt, HE TI Mixed layer depth variability over the global ocean SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE mixed layer; isothermal layer; seasonal cycle; temperature; salinity; verification ID EQUATORIAL PACIFIC-OCEAN; BARRIER-LAYER; NORTH-PACIFIC; SURFACE-LAYER; SOLAR-RADIATION; SKILL SCORES; SEA ICE; TEMPERATURE; ATLANTIC; SALINITY AB [1] The spatial and monthly variability of the climatological mixed layer depth (MLD) for the global ocean is examined using the recently developed Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Ocean Mixed Layer Depth (NMLD) climatologies. The MLD fields are constructed using the subsurface temperature and salinity data from the World Ocean Atlas 1994 [Levitus et al., 1994; Levitus and Boyer, 1994]. To minimize the limitations of these global data in the MLD determination, a simple mixing scheme is introduced to form a stable water column. Using these new data sets, global MLD characteristics are produced on the basis of an optimal definition that employs a density-based criterion having a fixed temperature difference of DeltaT = 0.8degreesC and variable salinity. Strong seasonality of MLD is found in the subtropical Pacific Ocean and at high latitudes, as well as a very deep mixed layer in the North Atlantic Ocean in winter and a very shallow mixed layer in the Antarctic in all months. Using the climatological monthly MLD and isothermal layer depth (ILD) fields from the NMLD climatologies, an annual mean DeltaT field is presented, providing criteria for determining an ILD that is approximately equivalent to the optimal MLD. This enables MLD to be determined in cases where salinity data are not available. The validity of the correspondence between ILD and MLD is demonstrated using daily averaged subsurface temperature and salinity from two moorings: a Tropical Atmosphere Ocean array mooring in the western equatorial Pacific warm pool, where salinity stratification is important, and a Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute (WHOI) mooring in the Arabian Sea, where strongly reversing seasonal monsoon winds prevail. In the western equatorial Pacific warm pool the use of ILD criterion with an annual mean DeltaT value of 0.3degreesC yields comparable results with the optimal MLD, while large DeltaT values yield an overestimated MLD. An analysis of ILD and MLD in the WHOI mooring show that use of an incorrect DeltaT criterion for the ILD may underestimate or overestimate the optimal MLD. Finally, use of the spatial annual mean DeltaT values constructed from the NMLD climatologies can be used to estimate the optimal MLD from only subsurface temperature data via an equivalent ILD for any location over the global ocean. C1 Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Kara, AB (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. NR 56 TC 151 Z9 155 U1 3 U2 42 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR 13 PY 2003 VL 108 IS C3 AR 3079 DI 10.1029/2000JC000736 PG 15 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 666VV UT WOS:000182197900005 ER PT J AU Wei, ZL Petukhov, PA Xiao, YX Tuckmantel, W George, C Kellar, KJ Kozikowski, AP AF Wei, ZL Petukhov, PA Xiao, YX Tuckmantel, W George, C Kellar, KJ Kozikowski, AP TI Synthesis, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor binding affinities, and molecular modeling of constrained epibatidine analogues SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ANTINOCICEPTIVE PROPERTIES; PHARMACOPHORE; SERIES; AGONISTS; TARGETS AB Conformationally constrained epibatidine analogues 20a,b and 23a,b were synthesized using a radical cyclization as the key step. Radioligand displacement assays to six defined rat nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes showed that 20a,b bind with moderate affinities, while 23a,b have low affinities. 20a exhibits higher affinity for the beta2 containing subtype than for the beta4 containing counterpart, while 20b possesses reversed selectivity. Modeling studies suggest that the spatial distribution of the ligand's atoms around the pharmacophore elements may control their nAChR subtype selectivity. C1 Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Drug Discovery Program, Washington, DC 20057 USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Washington, DC 20057 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kozikowski, AP (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Drug Discovery Program, 3900 Reservoir Rd,NW, Washington, DC 20057 USA. EM kozikowa@georgetown.edu FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA06486, DA12976]; NIMH NIH HHS [N01MH80005] NR 23 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD MAR 13 PY 2003 VL 46 IS 6 BP 921 EP 924 DI 10.1021/jm025613w PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 652UL UT WOS:000181399100005 PM 12620069 ER PT J AU Eisenstein, DJ Hogg, DW Fukugita, M Nakamura, O Bernardi, M Finkbeiner, DP Schlegel, DJ Brinkmann, J Connolly, AJ Csabai, I Gunn, JE Ivezic, E Lamb, DQ Loveday, J Munn, JA Nichol, RC Schneider, DP Strauss, MA Szalay, A York, DG AF Eisenstein, DJ Hogg, DW Fukugita, M Nakamura, O Bernardi, M Finkbeiner, DP Schlegel, DJ Brinkmann, J Connolly, AJ Csabai, I Gunn, JE Ivezic, E Lamb, DQ Loveday, J Munn, JA Nichol, RC Schneider, DP Strauss, MA Szalay, A York, DG TI Average spectra of massive galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology : observations; galaxies : abundances; galaxies : clusters : general; galaxies : elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies : evolution; methods : statistical ID OLD STELLAR POPULATIONS; STAR-FORMATION HISTORY; SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; SURVEY PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEM; COLOR-MAGNITUDE RELATION; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; SURFACE PHOTOMETRY; ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS; ABSORPTION FEATURES; HUBBLE SEQUENCE AB We combine Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectra of 22,000 luminous, red, bulge-dominated galaxies to get high signal-to-noise ratio average spectra in the rest-frame optical and ultraviolet ( 2600 7000 A). The average spectra of these massive, quiescent galaxies are early type with weak emission lines and with absorption lines indicating an apparent excess of alpha-elements over solar abundance ratios. We make average spectra of subsamples selected by luminosity, environment, and redshift. The average spectra are remarkable in their similarity. What variations do exist in the average spectra as a function of luminosity and environment are found to form a nearly one-parameter family in spectrum space. We present a high signal-to-noise ratio spectrum of the variation. We measure the properties of the variation with a modified version of the Lick index system and compare to model spectra from stellar population syntheses. The variation may be a combination of age and chemical abundance differences, but the conservative conclusion is that the quality of the data considerably exceeds the current state of the models. C1 Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85121 USA. Univ Chicago, Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15217 USA. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys Complex Syst, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England. USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Eisenstein, DJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85121 USA. RI Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; OI Csabai, Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898; Hogg, David/0000-0003-2866-9403 NR 78 TC 95 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2003 VL 585 IS 2 BP 694 EP 713 DI 10.1086/346233 PN 1 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 650WU UT WOS:000181287200011 ER PT J AU Feldman, U Landi, E Curdt, W AF Feldman, U Landi, E Curdt, W TI Nonthermal mass motions within the high-temperature plasmas above a complex solar active region SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE plasmas; Sun : activity; Sun : corona ID SUMER; ANGSTROM; FLARES; LINES; NI AB We report on mass motions in high-temperature plasmas at radial distances of 1.06-1.20 R. corresponding to 3.3 x 10(4)-1.3 x 10(5) km above the west solar limb. The observations were conducted over a 53 hr time period while a complex active region moved across the west solar limb. We found that the nonthermal mass motions in the 2.6 x 10(6)-6.6 x 10(6) K plasmas that were imaged along the slit were in the 20-35 km s(-1) velocity range. The magnitude of the nonthermal mass motions was independent of the plasma temperature or its height above the limb. We also found that the emission measure distribution within the 2.6 x 10(6)-6.6 x 10(6) K plasma regimes did not change during most of the observations, an indication that on the average the temperature distribution among the various plasma volumes along the line of sight stayed unchanged. C1 Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Max Planck Inst Aeron, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. RP Feldman, U (reprint author), Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011 NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2003 VL 585 IS 2 BP 1087 EP 1094 DI 10.1086/346181 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 650WU UT WOS:000181287200045 ER PT J AU Gutteridge, CE de Laszlo, SE Kamenecka, TM McCauley, E van Riper, G Mumford, RA Kidambi, U Egger, LA Tong, S Hagmann, WK AF Gutteridge, CE de Laszlo, SE Kamenecka, TM McCauley, E van Riper, G Mumford, RA Kidambi, U Egger, LA Tong, S Hagmann, WK TI N-(3-phenylsulfonyl-3-piperidinoyl)-phenylalanine derivatives as potent, selective VLA-4 antagonists SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The SAR of 1-sulfonyl-cyclopentyl carboxylic acid amides, ligands for the VLA-4 integrin, was investigated. This effort resulted in the identification of N-(3-phenylsulfonyl-3-piperidinoyl)-(L)-4-(2, 6'-dimethoxyphenyl)phenylalanine 52 as a potent, selective VLA-4 antagonist (IC50 = 90 pM). Expansion of the SAR demonstrated that this structural unit can be used to identify a. diverse series of sub-nanomolar antagonists. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Merck Res Labs, Dept Med Chem, Rahway, NJ 07065 USA. Merck Res Labs, Dept Immunol & Rheumatol, Rahway, NJ 07065 USA. Merck Res Labs, Dept Pharmacol, Rahway, NJ 07065 USA. Merck Res Labs, Dept Basic Chem Analyt Sci, Rahway, NJ 07065 USA. RP Gutteridge, CE (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-894X J9 BIOORG MED CHEM LETT JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. PD MAR 10 PY 2003 VL 13 IS 5 BP 885 EP 890 DI 10.1016/S0960-894X(02)01077-6 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 655QG UT WOS:000181563500025 PM 12617914 ER PT J AU Paluch, M Roland, CM Casalini, R Meier, G Patkowski, A AF Paluch, M Roland, CM Casalini, R Meier, G Patkowski, A TI The relative contributions of temperature and volume to structural relaxation of van der Waals molecular liquids SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GLASS-TRANSITION; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; POSITRON-ANNIHILATION; PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; ENERGY LANDSCAPE; VISCOSITY; DYNAMICS; MODEL AB Pressure-volume-temperature measurements were carried out on two van der Waals liquids, 1,1(')-bis(p-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexane (BMPC) and 1,1(')-di(4-methoxy-5methylphenyl)cyclohexane (BMMPC). In combination with dielectric spectroscopy results, the relative contribution of temperature and density to the structural relaxation times were quantified. We find that the ratio of the isobaric expansion coefficient [-rho(-1) (partial derivativerho/partial derivativeT)(P), where rho is mass density and T is temperature, evaluated at P=0.1 MPa] to the coefficient of isochronal expansivity [-rho(-1) (partial derivativerho/partial derivativeT)(tau), evaluated at tau=1 s] equals 0.58 and 0.72 for BMPC and BMMPC, respectively. This indicates that density exerts more influence on the structural relaxation times than does thermal energy. Corroborating this finding, the ratio of the isochoric activation energy to the activation energy at constant pressure is determined to be ca. 0.4 at ambient pressure for both glass formers. The prevalence of density over thermal energy is contrary to prevailing ideas concerning the dynamics of supercooled liquids, and must be taken into account in developing models of the glass transition. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. Forschungszentrum Juelich, Inst Solid State Res, D-52428 Julich, Germany. Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Inst Phys, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. RP USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM roland@nrl.navy.mil NR 44 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 8 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 10 BP 4578 EP 4582 DI 10.1063/1.1545449 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 646ZB UT WOS:000181065800027 ER PT J AU Kleinberg, RL Flaum, C Straley, C Brewer, PG Malby, GE Peltzer, ET Friederich, G Yesinowski, JP AF Kleinberg, RL Flaum, C Straley, C Brewer, PG Malby, GE Peltzer, ET Friederich, G Yesinowski, JP TI Seafloor nuclear magnetic resonance assay of methane hydrate in sediment and rock SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article DE gas hydrate; NMR ID PORE-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; GAS-HYDRATE; POROUS-MEDIA; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; NMR RELAXATION; SELF-DIFFUSION; HEAVY-WATER; PRESSURE; MODEL AB Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of liquid water can be used to indirectly detect and assay methane hydrate in opaque earth materials. It is also potentially useful for quantifying pore size control of hydrate formation, and for estimating in situ hydraulic permeability of hydrate-affected earth formations. The method is quantitative, nondestructive, and volumetrically averaging over a spatially selected region. In the first controlled validation of this measurement, we have used NMR to measure changes in the liquid water content of sediment and rock resulting from methane hydrate formation. Hydrates were artificially formed at the seafloor by introducing methane into tubes containing sediments or rock saturated with seawater; after several weeks the samples were visited by a remotely operated vehicle on which NMR equipment was mounted. Reduction of the NMR signal indicated hydrate had formed in the sample within a well-defined measurement volume. Hydrate content determined by NMR quantitatively predicted the volume of methane gas evolved during subsequent dissociation. C1 Schlumberger Doll Res Ctr, Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA. Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kleinberg, RL (reprint author), Schlumberger Doll Res Ctr, Old Quarry Rd, Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA. EM kleinberg@slb.com; brpe@mbari.org; yesinowski@nrl.navy.mil OI Peltzer, Edward/0000-0003-2821-3553 NR 75 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 5 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD MAR 7 PY 2003 VL 108 IS B3 AR 2137 DI 10.1029/2001JB000919 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 665XK UT WOS:000182146400004 ER PT J AU Chen, WB Wu, HF Bernard, D Metcalf, MD Deschamps, JR Flippen-Anderson, JL MacKerell, AD Coop, A AF Chen, WB Wu, HF Bernard, D Metcalf, MD Deschamps, JR Flippen-Anderson, JL MacKerell, AD Coop, A TI Rearrangement of 5-trimethylsilylthebaine on treatment with L-selectride: An efficient synthesis of (+)-bractazonine SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID OPIUM-ALKALOIDS; O-DEMETHYLATION; DERIVATIVES; CHEMISTRY; THEBAINE AB Treatment of 5-trimethylsilylthebaine with L-Selectride gave rise to a rearrangement to 10-trimethylsilylbractazonine through migration of the phenyl group, whereas treatment of thebaine with strong Lewis acids is known to lead to a similar rearrangement through migration of the alkyl bridge to give, after reduction, (+)-neodihydrothebaine. It is suggested that the rearrangement of the alkyl group of thebaine is favored due to the formation of a tertiary benzylic cation. However, for 5-trimethylsilylthebaine, the lithium ion of L-Selectride acts as the Lewis acid and the P-silyl effect dominates in the stabilization of any positive charge. This rearrangement provides a clear example of the greater relative migratory aptitude of phenyl groups over alkyl groups, and provides an efficient synthesis of (+)-bractazonine from thebaine. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Coop, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, 20 N Pine St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM acoop@rx.umaryland.edu OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010; Bernard, Denzil/0000-0001-7529-3336; MacKerell, Alex/0000-0001-8287-6804 FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA-13583] NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD MAR 7 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 5 BP 1929 EP 1932 DI 10.1021/jo020704m PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 651PV UT WOS:000181329900038 PM 12608812 ER PT J AU Przybyl, AK Flippen-Anderson, JL Jacobson, AE Rice, KC AF Przybyl, AK Flippen-Anderson, JL Jacobson, AE Rice, KC TI Practical and high-yield syntheses of dihydromorphine from tetrahydrothebaine and efficient syntheses of (8S)-8-bromomorphide SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CODEINE AB A practical method for the conversion of tetrahydrothebaine to dihydromorphine in 92% yield is described. The procedure should allow more efficient production of opium products and may be easily modified for large-scale synthesis. The conversion of codeine to (8S)-8-bromomorphide, a potentially valuable intermediate to 6-demethoxyoripavine and derivatives, is also described. The absolute configuration of (8S)-8-bromomorphide was determined by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of the hydrobromide salt. C1 NIDDKD, Med Chem Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rice, KC (reprint author), NIDDKD, Med Chem Lab, NIH, Bldg 8,Room B1-22,8 Ctr Dr,MSC 0815, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM kr21@nih.gov NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD MAR 7 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 5 BP 2010 EP 2013 DI 10.1021/jo0206871 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 651PV UT WOS:000181329900051 PM 12608825 ER PT J AU Moss, RB Brandt, C Giermakowska, WK Savary, JR Theofan, G Zanetti, M Carlo, DJ Wallace, MR AF Moss, RB Brandt, C Giermakowska, WK Savary, JR Theofan, G Zanetti, M Carlo, DJ Wallace, MR TI HIV-specific immunity during structured antiviral drug treatment interruption SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE CD4; CD8; beta chemokine ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; T-CELL IMMUNITY; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; TYPE-1 INFECTION; RESPONSES; VIREMIA; ANTIGEN AB The immunologic correlates associated with control of viremia in HIV disease are poorly understood. We hypothesized that structured antiviral drug treatment interruptions could be utilized to better understand the relationship between HIV-specific immunity and viral replication. We thus examined the effects of two 8 weeks antiviral structured treatment interruptions (STIs) in a cohort of HIV-1 chronically infected individuals on highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) with (n = 13) and without (n = 12) therapeutic HIV immunizations. In this study, we observed that p24 gag antigen (np24) stimulated MIP-1beta levels and T helper immune responses prior to antiviral drug discontinuation were associated with control of viremia. Stronger and earlier production of gag peptide stimulated gamma interferon was observed in the immunized group during the structured antiviral drug interruptions. These results support the concept that HIV-specific immune responses are associated with control of viremia. Further study of immune-based therapies that enhance HIV-specific immunity is warranted. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Immune Response Corp, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. USN Hosp, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Moss, RB (reprint author), Immune Response Corp, 5935 Darwin Court, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. NR 20 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 7 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 11-12 BP 1066 EP 1071 AR PII S0264-410X(02)00610-2 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(02)00610-2 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 646WK UT WOS:000181058800006 PM 12559781 ER PT J AU Orr, MH Mignerey, PC AF Orr, MH Mignerey, PC TI Nonlinear internal waves in the South China Sea: Observation of the conversion of depression internal waves to elevation internal waves SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE internal waves; solitons; fine structure mixing; dissipation ID EVOLUTION; SOLITONS; SHELF; OCEAN AB The conversion of depression nonlinear internal solitons to elevation internal waves has been observed twice at the South China Sea continental shelf break. Shipboard X-band radar, tow-yo CTD, ADCP and high frequency acoustic flow visualization of the process are presented. The data focuses on up slope propagation of depression internal solitons from a water depth of similar to264 m to a water depth of similar to110 m. Dissipation by large amplitude shear instabilities was observed. The kinetic energy density was found to be a decreasing monotonic function of range with an energy dissipation rate coefficient of 0.063 km(-1). The rate of energy dissipation over the similar to16.5 km soliton propagation path was 0.17 W/m/m. Simple numerical models of the waveform evolution are qualitatively compared to the observations. The observations, extracted scale parameters and dissipation rates should be useful for testing a variety of evolution equation representations of internal soliton propagation. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Orr, MH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7120,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 9 TC 117 Z9 129 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR 6 PY 2003 VL 108 IS C3 AR 3064 DI 10.1029/2001JC001163 PG 16 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 665WR UT WOS:000182144700001 ER PT J AU Wynne, JH Hughes, JM Lloyd, CT Mushrush, GW AF Wynne, JH Hughes, JM Lloyd, CT Mushrush, GW TI Nickel-catalyzed reactions of indoles and fuel-instability reactions SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID OXIDATION; ALCOHOLS; KETONES AB The reactions that lead to fuel instability are not fully understood. Various reports in the literature link particular fuels with specific reactions, usually oxidation or free-radical processes. Trace quantities of metals are present in all processed fuels. The metal source can be naturally occurring or present from fuel handling. The usual case is to look at the catalysis reactions of metals or metal ions with molecular oxygen or other active oxygen species such as hydroperoxides. This paper reports on the reaction of a nitrogen heterocycle, indole, with Ni(0). We propose a mechanism that shows that catalytic amounts of metals such as nickel can produce compounds of higher molecular weight and increased polarity and thus actively participate in the fuel-instability process. C1 USN, Res Lab, Mat Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Chem, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Geocenters Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP Mushrush, GW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Mat Chem Branch, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD MAR 5 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 5 BP 945 EP 948 DI 10.1021/ie0207156 PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 651CL UT WOS:000181302700001 ER PT J AU Charles, PT Vora, GJ Andreadis, JD Fortney, AJ Meador, CE Dulcey, CS Stenger, DA AF Charles, PT Vora, GJ Andreadis, JD Fortney, AJ Meador, CE Dulcey, CS Stenger, DA TI Fabrication and surface characterization of DNA microarrays using amine- and thiol-terminated oligonucleotide probes SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID COVALENT ATTACHMENT; ARRAYS; HYBRIDIZATION; DENSITY; CYCLOCONDENSATION; ISOTHIOCYANATES; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION; SUPPORTS; GROWTH AB A versatile chemistry utilizing the homobifunctional cross-linker 1,4-phenylene diisothiocyanate (PDC) to attach both amine- and thiol-terminated oligonucleotides to aminosilane-coated slides was examined in a microarray format. Three common aminosilanes, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS),N-(2-aminoethyl)3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and MP7(aminoethyl-aminomethyl) phenethyltrimethoxysilane, were coated onto glass slides and silicon wafers and characterized using contact angle goniometry, ellipsometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Evaluation of the aminosilane-modified surfaces using contact angle measurements, LTV-vis spectroscopy, and covalent attachment of a Cy5-conjugated N-hydroxysuccinimide ester reporter molecule suggested that derivatization of the surface with APS + PDC resulted in the best overall coverage. Microarrays printed using APS + PDC chemistry to immobilize both amine- and thiol-terminated oligonucleotides resulted in rapid attachment, uniform spot morphology, and minimal background fluorescence. Both amine- and thiol-terminated oligonucleotides showed comparable attachment, although greater attachment and hybridization efficiencies were observed with amine-functionalized molecules at saturating printing densities. The data highlight the influence of surface chemistry on both immobilization and hybridization and, by extrapolation, on microarray data analysis. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. George Mason Univ, Ctr Bioresource Dev, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Charles, PT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6910,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Vora, Gary/0000-0002-0657-8597 NR 27 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 4 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 5 BP 1586 EP 1591 DI 10.1021/la026347s PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 651FJ UT WOS:000181309600020 ER PT J AU Singh, A Wong, EM Schnur, JM AF Singh, A Wong, EM Schnur, JM TI Toward the rational control of nanoscale structures using chiral self-assembly: Diacetylenic phosphocholines SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID LIPID TUBULES; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; HELICAL RIBBONS; NETWORK GEL; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINES; BILAYERS; MICROSTRUCTURES; MORPHOLOGY; NANOTUBES; PATTERNS AB Results reported in this study provide, for the first time, a simple approach to tune the diameter of nanoscale diacetylenic phospholipid-based tubules. We have found a clear correlation between the n segments of the acyl chains in diacetylenic phosphocholines and the diameter of nanotubules formed from lipid mixtures containing diacetylenic phosphocholine and a short-chain "spacer" lipid. Microscopic structures in the aqueous dispersions of equimolar mixtures of diacetylenic phospholipid, DCm,nPCS, and saturated spacer lipids (DCm'PCs) were studied to understand and formulate the basis for developing the "design" rules for the formation of stable nanoscale structures. An increase in the number of n resulted in an increase in the diameter of the tubules produced by the mixtures. Circular dichroism (CD) spectra of these mixtures were analyzed and the very complex CD spectra clearly confirmed the chiral nature of the nanotubule architecture. Tubules from most of the mixtures demonstrated long-term storage stability. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Singh, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 31 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 4 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 5 BP 1888 EP 1898 DI 10.1021/la026337r PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 651FJ UT WOS:000181309600058 ER PT J AU Schneider, J Barger, W Lee, GU AF Schneider, J Barger, W Lee, GU TI Nanometer scale surface properties of supported lipid bilayers measured with hydrophobic and hydrophilic atomic force microscope probes SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID MEMBRANE-FUSION; PHOSPHOLIPID-BILAYERS; ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; MONOLAYER FILMS; OSMOTIC-STRESS; ADHESION; HYDRATION; CANTILEVERS; MECHANISMS; CONTRAST AB Using the atomic force microscope (AFM), surface-forces measurements are made in water between chemically modified AFM probes and model membranes created by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition. A series of four different lipid monolayers with varying headgroups and monolayer properties were transferred onto monolayers on mica for analysis. Using a hydrophilic probe, the bilayers are elastically deformed at low load and punctured at a repeatable, material-dependent breakthrough force. Using hydrophobic probes, the bilayers are punctured on contact, at loads near zero, in all cases. This effect is also manifest when imaging mixed LB monolayers, which show a large topography contrast at-low load when using hydrophilic tips but none when using hydrophobic tips. These results provide evidence that the forces required to deform lipid bilayers are dramatically changed in the vicinity of nonpolar surfaces, which is central to the understanding of membrane fusion processes and the function of membrane-associated proteins. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Schneider, J (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RI Schneider, James/C-4095-2008; Lee, Gil/P-8696-2016 OI Schneider, James/0000-0001-8016-8687; Lee, Gil/0000-0002-7949-5848 NR 46 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 4 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 5 BP 1899 EP 1907 DI 10.1021/la026382z PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 651FJ UT WOS:000181309600059 ER PT J AU Rashkeev, SN Kuklja, MM Zerilli, FJ AF Rashkeev, SN Kuklja, MM Zerilli, FJ TI Electronic excitations and decomposition of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AB-INITIO SIMULATION; CYCLOTRIMETHYLENE TRINITRAMINE; ENERGETIC MATERIALS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DEFECTS; COMPRESSION; MECHANISM; SOLIDS AB We present first-principles density-functional calculations of the atomic and electronic structure of the molecular crystal 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7). Under either an isotropic or uniaxial applied stress, the ideal crystal lattice of this material accumulates elastic energy without any chemical or significant electronic structure changes. The presence of "reversed-orientationmolecule" defects narrows the band gap and lowers the decomposition barrier of the material in the solid phase. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USN, Res & Technol Dept, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Rashkeev, SN (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. NR 20 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 3 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 9 BP 1371 EP 1373 DI 10.1063/1.1557768 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 649HP UT WOS:000181201800017 ER PT J AU Zhao, HB Ren, YH Sun, B Lupke, G Hanbicki, AT Jonker, BT AF Zhao, HB Ren, YH Sun, B Lupke, G Hanbicki, AT Jonker, BT TI Band offsets at CdCr2Se4-(AlGa)As and CdCr2Se4-ZnSe interfaces SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL SPIN INJECTION; FERROMAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTOR CDCR2SE4; INTERNAL PHOTOEMISSION; DISCONTINUITIES; ABSORPTION; LASER; GAAS AB The band discontinuities of CdCr2Se4-(AlGa)As and CdCr2Se4-ZnSe heterojunctions are measured to high resolution by internal photoemission using a widely tunable optical parametric amplifier system. The conduction band offsets DeltaE(c)=660 and 530 meV at the CdCr2Se4-GaAs and CdCr2Se4-ZnSe interfaces are determined from the threshold energies of the photocurrent spectrum at room temperature. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. USN, Mat Phys Branch, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zhao, HB (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 3 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 9 BP 1422 EP 1424 DI 10.1063/1.1558956 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 649HP UT WOS:000181201800034 ER PT J AU Kim, JW Berg, RR Watkins, JS Tieh, TT AF Kim, JW Berg, RR Watkins, JS Tieh, TT TI Trapping capacity of faults in the Eocene Yegua Formation, East Sour Lake field, southeast Texas SO AAPG BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE AB The properties of a sheared zone in the Eocene Yegua Formation were investigated to evaluate the trapping capacity of faults. An 11-m core of Yegua sandstone at a depth of 3029 in shows highly sheared bedding and increasing dip from 10 to 30degrees with,depth. Porosity and permeability of the sheared zone range from 10 to 12% and 1 to 5 md, respectively (about 10-16% of porosity reduction and 29-60 md of permeability reduction). Most pores in this sandstone are of secondary origin. Pores in the sheared zone were deformed and collapsed because of clay smears and shear. Physical characters of sheared zones were investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A reduction of porosity and permeability with depth approaching the sheared zones created a capillary barrier that prevents hydrocarbon drainage and compartmentalized the reservoir. Initial oil/water, capillary displacement pressure of the sheared zone is 100 psi (6.89 X 10(5) Pa) sufficient to trap an average oil column of 210 m and gas column of 70 m. C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Kim, JW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM jkim@nrlssc.navy.mil; berg@geo.tamu.edu; jwatkins@geo.tamu.edu; tieh@geo.tamu.edu NR 21 TC 3 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC PETROLEUM GEOLOGIST PI TULSA PA 1444 S BOULDER AVE, PO BOX 979, TULSA, OK 74119-3604 USA SN 0149-1423 J9 AAPG BULL JI AAPG Bull. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 87 IS 3 BP 415 EP 425 DI 10.1306/08010201129 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 658BX UT WOS:000181702700004 ER PT J AU Bendler, JT AF Bendler, JT TI High heat polycarbonates containing bisaryl units: Theory & modeling. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Rapid City, SD USA. EM jbendler@usna.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 678-POLY BP U648 EP U648 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003375 ER PT J AU Berry, AD Sutto, TE AF Berry, AD Sutto, TE TI Synthesis and characterization of nanophase zirconium powder. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM berry@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 252-INOR BP U47 EP U47 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918000249 ER PT J AU Boyles, D Filipova, TS Bendler, JT Schroeder, MJ AF Boyles, D Filipova, TS Bendler, JT Schroeder, MJ TI Synthesis of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis[4 '(4-hydroxyphenyl)phenyl]ethene and its incorporation into homo- and heteropolymers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM dboyles@silver.sdsmt.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 677-POLY BP U648 EP U648 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003374 ER PT J AU Browning, CM Schroeder, MJ AF Browning, CM Schroeder, MJ TI Polydimethylsiloxane: A versatile polymer for teaching in the laboratory. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM m030762@usna.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 287-CHED BP U366 EP U366 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917801594 ER PT J AU Choi, YS Comin, MJ Clifford, G Balzarini, J Marquez, VE AF Choi, YS Comin, MJ Clifford, G Balzarini, J Marquez, VE TI Asymmetric synthesis of a conformationally locked carboxylic analog of L-3 '-deoxythymine that mimics the South conformation: Biological implications and enzyme recognition. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 NCI, Med Chem Lab, Ctr Canc Res, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Rega Inst, Louvain, Belgium. EM marquezv@dc37a.nci.nih.gov RI Choi, Yongseok/F-8375-2012 OI Choi, Yongseok/0000-0002-3622-3439 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 119-MEDI BP U195 EP U195 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918001042 ER PT J AU Cole, CL Malito, MP Rife, J Colton, RJ Whitman, LJ AF Cole, CL Malito, MP Rife, J Colton, RJ Whitman, LJ TI Force discrimination biosensor: An automated immunoassay system for the rapid detection of biological agents SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC USA. EM Christina.Cole@nrl.navy.mil RI Whitman, Lloyd/G-9320-2011 OI Whitman, Lloyd/0000-0002-3117-1174 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 013-ANYL BP U108 EP U108 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917800419 ER PT J AU Efros, A AF Efros, A TI Auger processes in nanosize semiconductor crystals. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM efros@dave.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 157-PHYS BP U457 EP U457 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918002335 ER PT J AU Filipova, TS Boyles, D Bendler, JT Schroeder, MJ AF Filipova, TS Boyles, D Bendler, JT Schroeder, MJ TI Synthesis of bis[4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)phenyl]propane and novel polycarbonates prepared therefrom. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM Tsvetanka.Filipova@sdsmt.edu; dboyles@silver.sdsmt.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 550-POLY BP U629 EP U629 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003247 ER PT J AU Foley, TJ Higa, KT Johnson, CE AF Foley, TJ Higa, KT Johnson, CE TI Surface modifications of aluminum nanoparticles to inhibit oxidative degradation. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Chem & Mat Div, Air Warfare Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM FoleyTJ@navair.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 775-INOR BP U145 EP U145 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918000769 ER PT J AU Furukawa, Y AF Furukawa, Y TI Elemental cycling rates in bioturbated skidaway saltmarsh SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Seafloor Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM yoko.furukawa@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Furukawa, Yoko/B-3099-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 081-GEOC BP U924 EP U924 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917804286 ER PT J AU Gent, D Larson, SL Granade, S Alshawabkeh, AN Bricka, RM AF Gent, D Larson, SL Granade, S Alshawabkeh, AN Bricka, RM TI Comparison between bench-scale and field-scale demonstration of chromium remediation by electrokinetics SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USN, Point Mugu Nawc, CA USA. Northeastern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Boston, MA USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Mississippi State, MS USA. EM gentd@wes.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 93 BP U811 EP U811 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917803804 ER PT J AU Hao, JT Boyles, D Bendler, JT AF Hao, JT Boyles, D Bendler, JT TI Synthesis of 4,4 '-bisphenolformal SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM dboyles@silver.sdsmt.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 497-ORGN BP U364 EP U364 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918001901 ER PT J AU Harrison, JA Gao, GT Chateauneuf, GM Mikulski, PT AF Harrison, JA Gao, GT Chateauneuf, GM Mikulski, PT TI Atomic-scale investigations of friction at amorphous carbon interfaces. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM jah@usna.edu RI Gao, Guangtu/F-4541-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 078-COMP BP U743 EP U744 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917803409 ER PT J AU Harrison, JA Chateauneuf, GM Gao, GT Mikulski, PT AF Harrison, JA Chateauneuf, GM Gao, GT Mikulski, PT TI Molecular dynamics investigations of the atomic-scale friction and wear at hydrocarbon interfaces. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM jah@usna.edu RI Gao, Guangtu/F-4541-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 60-COLL BP U616 EP U616 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917802811 ER PT J AU Houser, EJ Simonson, DL Stepnowski, JL McGill, RA AF Houser, EJ Simonson, DL Stepnowski, JL McGill, RA TI Linear and hyperbranched hydrogen bond acidic poly(silylene-methylene)s for chemical sensor applications SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NOVA Res, Alexandria, VA USA. EM eric.houser@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 316-PMSE BP U708 EP U708 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003735 ER PT J AU Irvin, D Lormand, KD Quintana, RL AF Irvin, D Lormand, KD Quintana, RL TI Nitrogen containing conjugated polymers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NAWC WD, Chem & Mat, China Lake, CA USA. EM irvindj@navair.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 289-PMSE BP U704 EP U704 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003708 ER PT J AU Irvin, JA Stasko, D Fallis, S Guenthner, AJ Webber, C Blackwell, J AF Irvin, JA Stasko, D Fallis, S Guenthner, AJ Webber, C Blackwell, J TI Polyimides for battery and fuel cell membranes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Univ Toledo, Dept Chem, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. NAWCWD, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM irvinja@navair.navy.mil RI Irvin, Jennifer/C-7968-2013 OI Irvin, Jennifer/0000-0003-3500-8419 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 208-FUEL BP U875 EP U876 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917804181 ER PT J AU Je, JT Lu, LD Whitten, D Kim, OK AF Je, JT Lu, LD Whitten, D Kim, OK TI J-aggregate formation onto polyelectrolyte and their energy/electron transfer quenching. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. QTL Biosyst LLC, Santa Fe, NM USA. EM jtje@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 524-POLY BP U625 EP U625 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003221 ER PT J AU Jensen, SD Stalick, WM Wynne, JH Lloyd, CT AF Jensen, SD Stalick, WM Wynne, JH Lloyd, CT TI Acylation and reductive amination of indole. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM sjensen2@gmu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 377-ORGN BP U343 EP U343 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918001782 ER PT J AU Kim, OK Je, J Baldwin, JW Pehrsson, PE Buckley, LJ AF Kim, OK Je, J Baldwin, JW Pehrsson, PE Buckley, LJ TI Solubilization of single-wall carbon nanotubes by supramolecular encapsulation of helical amylose SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM okkim@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 31 BP U956 EP U956 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917804453 ER PT J AU Kolel-Veetil, MK Keller, TM AF Kolel-Veetil, MK Keller, TM TI Syntheses of elastomeric poly(carborane-siloxane-acetylene)s SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Adv Mat Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM manojkv@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 333-POLY BP U580 EP U580 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003030 ER PT J AU Lawson, GE Singh, A AF Lawson, GE Singh, A TI Encapsulation of biomolecules via vesicles formed from headgroup polymerizable diacyl-phosphoethanolamine phospholipids. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 121-PMSE BP U678 EP U679 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003540 ER PT J AU Lin-Gibson, S Walls, HJ Kennedy, SB Welsh, ER AF Lin-Gibson, S Walls, HJ Kennedy, SB Welsh, ER TI Chitosan hydrogels: Crosslink kinetics and gel properties SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 124-PMSE BP U679 EP U679 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003543 ER PT J AU Lindsay, GA Chafin, AP Davis, MC Fallis, S Guenthner, AJ Hollins, RA Zarras, P AF Lindsay, GA Chafin, AP Davis, MC Fallis, S Guenthner, AJ Hollins, RA Zarras, P TI Electrical properties of polyimides for optical cladding. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, NAWCWD, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM lindsayga@navair.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 104-PMSE BP U676 EP U676 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003523 ER PT J AU Little, CA Keller, TM AF Little, CA Keller, TM TI Electrical conductivity studies on cobalt octacarbonyl complexes of 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(phenylethynyl)benzene. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM little@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 504-INOR BP U87 EP U87 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918000501 ER PT J AU Lloyd, CT Wynne, JH Cozzens, RF Mushrush, GW AF Lloyd, CT Wynne, JH Cozzens, RF Mushrush, GW TI Role of quaternary ammonium salts in oxidative reactions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM clloyd@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 358-ORGN BP U340 EP U340 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918001763 ER PT J AU Long, JW Rhodes, CP Doescher, MS Logan, MS Rolison, DR AF Long, JW Rhodes, CP Doescher, MS Logan, MS Rolison, DR TI Three-dimensional nanostructured architectures for energy storage. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jwlong@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 138-IEC BP U973 EP U973 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917804558 ER PT J AU Long, JW Rhodes, CP Young, AL Rolison, DR AF Long, JW Rhodes, CP Young, AL Rolison, DR TI Ultrathin protective polymer coatings as electrochemical proton gates: Making MnO2 nanoarchitectures stable in acid electrolytes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jwlong@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 306-INOR BP U55 EP U55 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918000303 ER PT J AU Lyn, M Barauh, T Pederson, MR Castleman, AW AF Lyn, M Barauh, T Pederson, MR Castleman, AW TI Update on Met-Cars: Production, structure, and spectroscopy. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Tulane Univ, Dept Chem, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Chem & Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM mlyn@tulane.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 25-PHYS BP U438 EP U438 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918002207 ER PT J AU Montgomery, MT Boyd, TJ Osburn, CL Mueller, JG Smith, DC AF Montgomery, MT Boyd, TJ Osburn, CL Mueller, JG Smith, DC TI Preferential degradation of PAHs over natural organic matter by bacteria in intertidal sediments SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM mtm@ccf.nrl.navy.mil RI Smith, David/A-8309-2013 OI Smith, David/0000-0003-0627-5788 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 021-GEOC BP U914 EP U914 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917804226 ER PT J AU Osburn, CL Donowick, T Montgomery, MT AF Osburn, CL Donowick, T Montgomery, MT TI Cometabolism of natural and anthropogenic aromatics in estuarine sediments SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM cosburn@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 020-GEOC BP U914 EP U914 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917804225 ER PT J AU Owrutsky, JC Zhong, Q Baronavski, AP AF Owrutsky, JC Zhong, Q Baronavski, AP TI Vibrational energy relaxation of aqueous azide ion confined in reverse micelles. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jeff@chem1.nrl.navy.mil RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 120-PHYS BP U451 EP U451 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918002300 ER PT J AU Purdy, AP Levien, E Hwang, A AF Purdy, AP Levien, E Hwang, A TI Synthesis and dielectric constants of polymers with cyclic carbonate pendant groups. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM purdy1@ccf.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 215-POLY BP U564 EP U564 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918002912 ER PT J AU Qian, XM Zhang, T Chiu, YH Levandier, DJ Miller, JS Dressler, R Ng, C AF Qian, XM Zhang, T Chiu, YH Levandier, DJ Miller, JS Dressler, R Ng, C TI State-selected ion-molecule reaction studies using the synchrotron-bsed pulsed-field-ionization method. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Dynam & Diagnost Div, Bethesda, MD USA. USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. EM XMqian@lbl.gov; rainer.dressler@hanscom.af.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 493-PHYS BP U522 EP U522 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918002664 ER PT J AU Richardson, SL Pederson, MR AF Richardson, SL Pederson, MR TI Using "oxa-bowls" to study the molecular recognition of alkali metal ions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Howard Univ, Sch Engn, Mat Sci Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20509 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC USA. EM slr@imhotep.ccmpf.howard.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 715-ORGN BP U418 EP U418 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918002118 ER PT J AU Rolison, DR Qadir, LR Atkinson, EJO Lyons, KES Cepak, VM AF Rolison, DR Qadir, LR Atkinson, EJO Lyons, KES Cepak, VM TI Sonochemically induced decomposition of energetic materials in aqueous media. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 136-IEC BP U972 EP U972 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917804556 ER PT J AU Rolison, DR Pietron, JJ Long, JW Stroud, RM Lucas, EM Logan, MS AF Rolison, DR Pietron, JJ Long, JW Stroud, RM Lucas, EM Logan, MS TI Catalysis in 3-D nanoarchitectures: What does bifunctionality mean when the "support" and the "catalyst" are comparably sized? SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NRL, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC USA. RI Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008 OI Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 474-INOR BP U83 EP U83 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918000471 ER PT J AU Russell, JN Schwartz, MP Barlow, DE Butler, JE D'Evelyn, MP Hamers, RJ AF Russell, JN Schwartz, MP Barlow, DE Butler, JE D'Evelyn, MP Hamers, RJ TI Reactive adsorption on the diamond (100) surface SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM russell2@ccsalpha3.nrl.navy.mil RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008; Barlow, Daniel/C-9006-2013; Hamers, Robert/C-6466-2008 OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176; Hamers, Robert/0000-0003-3821-9625 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 32 BP U612 EP U612 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917802783 ER PT J AU Sapsford, KE Delehanty, JB Golden, JP Taitt, CAR Shriver-Lake, LC Shubin, YS Ligler, FS AF Sapsford, KE Delehanty, JB Golden, JP Taitt, CAR Shriver-Lake, LC Shubin, YS Ligler, FS TI Array biosensor for homeland defense. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 George Mason Univ, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 0002-ANYL BP U107 EP U107 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917800408 ER PT J AU Schroeder, MJ Dillner, DK Ferrante, RF Fitzgerald, JP Heuer, WB AF Schroeder, MJ Dillner, DK Ferrante, RF Fitzgerald, JP Heuer, WB TI Integrated laboratory curriculum at the US Naval Academy. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM schroede@usna.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 86-CHED BP U337 EP U337 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917801393 ER PT J AU Scribner, AN Cole, CL Colton, RJ Whitman, LJ AF Scribner, AN Cole, CL Colton, RJ Whitman, LJ TI Comparison of immunoassay blocking strategies on metal oxide substrates. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM alicia.scribner@nrl.navy.mil RI Whitman, Lloyd/G-9320-2011 OI Whitman, Lloyd/0000-0002-3117-1174 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 318-BIOT BP U235 EP U235 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917801006 ER PT J AU Sheehan, PE AF Sheehan, PE TI "Bigger is better - The intrinsic difficulty of achieving high sensitivity SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM psheehan@stm2.nrl.navy.mil RI Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010 OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 63 BP U961 EP U961 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917804483 ER PT J AU Shriver-Lake, L Taitt, CR Sapsford, KE Shubin, Y Golden, JP Ligler, FS AF Shriver-Lake, L Taitt, CR Sapsford, KE Shubin, Y Golden, JP Ligler, FS TI Food allergen testing with an array biosensor. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lcs@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA AGFD-073 BP U80 EP U80 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917800286 ER PT J AU Simonson, DL Houser, EJ McGill, RA Stepnowski, JL AF Simonson, DL Houser, EJ McGill, RA Stepnowski, JL TI Copolymers of hyperbranching carbosilanes with hydrogen bond acidic functionalization for chemical sensor applications SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Sci Mat, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NOVA Res, Alexandria, VA USA. EM simonson@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 315-PMSE BP U708 EP U708 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003734 ER PT J AU Simonson, DL Houser, EJ McGill, RA AF Simonson, DL Houser, EJ McGill, RA TI Models of functionalized polymers for chemical sensor applications SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Sci Mat, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM simonson@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 259-PMSE BP U700 EP U700 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003678 ER PT J AU Sumner, MJ Sankarapandian, M Sorathia, U McGrath, JE Riffle, JS AF Sumner, MJ Sankarapandian, M Sorathia, U McGrath, JE Riffle, JS TI Synthesis of phthalonitrile monomers and networks SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Virginia Tech, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. IBM Corp, Microelect Div, Armonk, NY 10504 USA. USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Silver Spring, MD 20903 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM msumner@vt.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 336-POLY BP U580 EP U581 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003033 ER PT J AU Teichert, MA Luning-Prak, D AF Teichert, MA Luning-Prak, D TI Effects of pre-class preparation and reading quizzes on student study and learning. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. EM melonie@alum.mit.edu RI Luning Prak, Dianne/B-8503-2011 OI Luning Prak, Dianne/0000-0002-5589-7287 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 1259-CHED BP U541 EP U541 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917802564 ER PT J AU Thomas, CW Saprigin, AV Patterson, CH Dulcey, CS Spector, MS AF Thomas, CW Saprigin, AV Patterson, CH Dulcey, CS Spector, MS TI Covalent attachment of DNA to surfaces. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM cthomas@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 101-COLL BP U623 EP U623 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917802852 ER PT J AU Trammell, SA Jhaveri, SD Mauro, JM Goldston, HM Schauer, CL Tender, LM AF Trammell, SA Jhaveri, SD Mauro, JM Goldston, HM Schauer, CL Tender, LM TI Reagentless electrochemical biosensors based on protein scaffolds. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr BioMol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM trammell@ccs.nrl.navy.mil RI Schauer, Caroline/A-1020-2007; Schauer, Caroline/D-5350-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 142-ANYL BP U129 EP U129 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917800548 ER PT J AU Visger, BF Heuer, WB AF Visger, BF Heuer, WB TI Supramolecular complexation of a merocyanine dye by helical amylose. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 540-CHED BP U403 EP U404 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917801847 ER PT J AU White, CT Mintmire, JW AF White, CT Mintmire, JW TI Predicting properties of carbon nanotubes: Nanowires with a twist SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM carter.white@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 017-COMP BP U704 EP U704 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917803349 ER PT J AU Wolak, MA Jang, BB Picciolo, LC Kafafi, ZH AF Wolak, MA Jang, BB Picciolo, LC Kafafi, ZH TI Novel pentacene derivatives for use as red-emitters in organic light-emitting diodes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mwolak@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 174-ORGN BP U307 EP U308 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918001579 ER PT J AU Wynne, JH Snow, AW AF Wynne, JH Snow, AW TI Facile single-pot preparation of S-alkyl thiocarbamates. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM wynne@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 365-ORGN BP U341 EP U341 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918001770 ER PT J AU Yang, WS Auciello, O Butler, JE Cai, W Carlisle, JA Gerbi, J Gruen, DM Knickerbocker, T Lasseter, TL Russell, JN Smith, LM Hamers, RJ AF Yang, WS Auciello, O Butler, JE Cai, W Carlisle, JA Gerbi, J Gruen, DM Knickerbocker, T Lasseter, TL Russell, JN Smith, LM Hamers, RJ TI Covalently-bonded adducts of biomolecules with diamond thin films: Synthesis, biochemical properties, and bioelectronic characterization SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. EM wensha@chem.wisc.edu RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008; Hamers, Robert/C-6466-2008 OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176; Hamers, Robert/0000-0003-3821-9625 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 34 BP U612 EP U612 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917802785 ER PT J AU Zhong, Q Steinhurst, DA Baronavski, AP Owrutsky, JC AF Zhong, Q Steinhurst, DA Baronavski, AP Owrutsky, JC TI Ultrafast photodissociation dynamics of ketones at 195 nm. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM qzhong@ccs.nrl.navy.mil RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 348-PHYS BP U484 EP U484 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918002523 ER PT J AU Zhong, Q Baronavski, AP Owrutsky, JC AF Zhong, Q Baronavski, AP Owrutsky, JC TI Ultrafast infrared spectroscopy of vibrational and rotational relaxation of pseudohalide ions in reverse micelles. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM qzhong@ccs.nrl.navy.mil RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 347-PHYS BP U484 EP U484 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918002522 ER PT J AU Deschamps, JR Suwandi, LS Konaklieva, M AF Deschamps, JR Suwandi, LS Konaklieva, M TI 3,3-Bis(methylthio)-2-oxo-N-phenylpropanamide SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-STRUCTURE REPORTS ONLINE LA English DT Article ID INHIBITORS AB The title compound, C12H15NO3S2, is the result of a rearrangement of a bis(methylthio)-beta-lactam after prolonged exposure to silica gel. The compound crystallizes with a single molecule in the asymmetric unit. C1 USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. American Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA. RP Deschamps, JR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Code 6030, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1600-5368 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR E JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. E.-Struct Rep. Online PD MAR PY 2003 VL 59 BP O308 EP O309 DI 10.1107/S1600536803002769 PN 3 PG 2 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA 656LQ UT WOS:000181609600043 ER PT J AU Birenzvige, A Eversole, J Seaver, M Francesconi, S Valdes, E Kulaga, H AF Birenzvige, A Eversole, J Seaver, M Francesconi, S Valdes, E Kulaga, H TI Aerosol characteristics in a subway environment SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS; BACTERIA; DIVERSITY; PARTICLES; SOIL AB This paper presents an attempt to characterize biological and nonbiological aerosols in a subway environment. This opportunity to study a subway station atmosphere was approached as a collaboration of different organizations within the Department of Defense (DoD) and a suite of instruments was assembled for real-time monitoring, sample collection, and subsequent sample analysis. Based on ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence, aerosols of a biological nature were found to comprise a small fraction of the total aerosols (typically <1%). The total number concentration of aerosols exhibits a diurnal cycle that depends on the station usage. Several bacterial species were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. The most common element in the aerosols is iron. Sodium chloride is also prevalent in the aerosol mass. C1 Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Soldier Biol & Chem Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA USA. Geomet Technol, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Birenzvige, A (reprint author), Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Soldier Biol & Chem Command, Bldg E3160, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 27 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 37 IS 3 BP 210 EP 220 DI 10.1080/02786820390112614 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 641CF UT WOS:000180726300002 ER PT J AU Ross, S AF Ross, S TI Salamanca, 1812. SO ALBION LA English DT Book Review C1 USN, War Coll, Washington, DC 20350 USA. RP Ross, S (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Washington, DC 20350 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU APPALACHIAN STATE UNIV PI BOONE PA ALBION/HISTORY DEPT 210 WHITENER HALL, BOONE, NC 28608 USA SN 0095-1390 J9 ALBION JI Albion PD SPR PY 2003 VL 35 IS 1 BP 144 EP 145 DI 10.2307/4054552 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 702GE UT WOS:000184215500040 ER PT J AU Higgins, JC AF Higgins, JC TI The 'crashing asthimatic' SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; ACUTE SEVERE ASTHMA; MECHANICAL VENTILATION; AMINOPHYLLINE; CHILDREN; THERAPY; COST AB Asthma is a common chronic disorder, with a prevalence of 8 to 10 percent in the U.S. population. From 5 to 10 percent of patients have severe disease that does not respond to typical therapeutic interventions. To prevent life-threatening sequelae, it is important to identify patients with severe asthma who will require aggressive management of exacerbations. Objective monitoring of pulmonary status using a peak flow meter is essential in patients with persistent asthma. Patients who have a history of fragmented health care, intubation, or hospitalization for asthma and those With mental illness or psychosocial stressors are at increased risk for severe asthma. Oxygen, beta(2) agonists, and systemic corticosteroids are the mainstays of acute asthma therapy. inhaled anticholinergic medications provide additional bronchodilation. In patients who deteriorate despite usual therapeutic efforts, evidence supports individualized use of parenteral beta(2) agonists, magnesium sulfate, aminophylline, leukotriene inhibitors, or positive pressure mask ventilation before intubation. C1 Naval Hosp, Jacksonville, FL USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Herbert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Higgins, JC (reprint author), 428 Oak Pond Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32259 USA. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 BP 997 EP 1004 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 654YA UT WOS:000181523500012 PM 12643359 ER PT J AU Brown, GO Guardala, NA Price, JL Weiss, RG AF Brown, GO Guardala, NA Price, JL Weiss, RG TI Selectivity and efficiency of pyrene attachment to alkanes induced by broadband X-rays SO ANAIS DA ACADEMIA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIAS LA English DT Article DE broadband x-rays; pyrene; cyclohexane; heneicosane ID POLYETHYLENE FILMS; POLYMER-FILMS; PERYLENE; BOMBARDMENT; CYCLOHEXANE; RADIOLYSIS; PHOTOLYSIS; RADIATION; PROTONS AB Bombardment of pyrene-doped n-heneicosane (C21H44) in its orthorhombic solid phase with <1.3> MeV broadband X-rays results in the formation of both mono- and di-heneicosylpyrenes, whereas the same dose in liquid cyclohexane yields only monosubstituted pyrene. In both cases, the reaction efficiency decreases as pyrene concentration is increased from 10(-5) to 10(-2) M. Qualitatively, the overall attachment efficiency is higher in orthorhombic n-heneicosane than in liquid cyclohexane, but the selectivity of attachment is greater in cyclohexane. Differences between these results and those from irradiations of the same samples with eV range photons are discussed. C1 Georgetown Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20057 USA. USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Weiss, RG (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20057 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACAD BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIAS PI RIO JANEIRO PA RUA ANFILOFIO DE CARVALHO, 29, 3 ANDAR, 20030-060 RIO JANEIRO, BRAZIL SN 0001-3765 J9 AN ACAD BRAS CIENC JI An. Acad. Bras. Cienc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 75 IS 1 BP 33 EP 38 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 656PC UT WOS:000181615300005 PM 12715048 ER PT J AU Tanen, DA Danish, DC Clark, RF AF Tanen, DA Danish, DC Clark, RF TI Crotalidae Polyvalent Immune Fab antivenom limits the decrease in perfusion pressure of the anterior leg compartment in a porcine crotaline envenomation model SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; VENOM AB Study objective: Crotalidae Polyvalent Immune Fab (CroFab; FabAV) antivenom prevents a decrease in perfusion pressures in intramuscular crotaline envenomation compared with normal saline solution. Methods: We used a randomized, blinded, controlled acute animal preparation. Twenty anesthetized and instrumented swine were injected intramuscularly with 6 mg/kg Crotalus atrox venom into the anterior tibialis muscle of each hind limb (time 0). One hour after envenomation (time 1 hour), animals were randomized to receive 8 vials of reconstituted FabAV or an equal volume of normal saline solution (control) through a central venous line. The main outcome variable was the area under the perfusion-time curve (AUC) of the anterior compartment of the hind limb measured from time 1 hour to time 8 hours. Perfusion pressure was defined as mean arterial pressure-compartment pressure. Additionally, physiologic variables, including pulse rate, prothrombin time, fibrinogen level, platelet count, hemoglobin level, and hematocrit level, were monitored. Results: Venom injection resulted in a decrease in average perfusion pressures from 54.1 mm Hg (time 0) to 31.7 mm Hg (time 1 hour). Comparison of AUC between groups from time 1 hour (time of treatment) to the completion of the study at time 8 hours revealed a 57% greater AUC in animals that received FabAV (mean+/-SD: 211.1+/-67.9 versus 134.5+/-55.8 mrn Hg/h; P=.036; 95% confidence interval for difference 5.9 to 147.3). Comparison of the time curves for the mean prothrombin time from time 1 hour to the completion of the study by means of repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed a significant increase in the control group (P=.02). No significant difference was detected in the time curves for the means of mean arterial pressure, compartment pressure, pulse rate, hemoglobin level, hematocrit level, fibrinogen level, or platelet count over the course of the study. FabAV was found to significantly increase survival time when compared with the effect of the normal saline solution control from time 1 hour to time 8 hours, as determined by means of Kaplan-Meier estimation and the log-rank test (P=.029). Conclusion: FabAV limits the decrease in perfusion pressures in the anterior leg compartment after intramuscular crotaline venom injection in swine compared with saline solution. In addition, FabAV might prevent the development of coagulopathy and increase survival time in this model. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 91234 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Div Med Toxicol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Tanen, DA (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 91234 USA. NR 18 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 3 BP 384 EP 390 DI 10.1067/mem.2003.80 PG 7 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 651PT UT WOS:000181329700012 PM 12605206 ER PT J AU Navi, N Kim, H Horwitz, JS Wu, HD Qadri, SB AF Navi, N Kim, H Horwitz, JS Wu, HD Qadri, SB TI Anisotropic in-plane strain in W-doped (Ba, Sr,)TiO3 thin films deposited by pulsed-laser deposition on (001)MgO SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID MICROWAVE DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; COMBINATORIAL SYNTHESIS; LIBRARIES AB The structural and the microwave dielectric properties of BaxSr(1-x)TiO3 films (BST) with x = 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7, containing 1 mol % W have been investigated. The films were grown by pulsed-laser deposition on MgO (001) substrates at a temperature of 720 C in an oxygen pressure from 3 to 500 mTorr. The film structures were determined by X-ray diffraction. The lattice parameters were fitted to a tetragonal distortion of a cubic lattice. The out-of-plane lattice parameter (c) was calculated from the position of the (004) reflection. Using c, the in-plane lattice parameter, a, was calculated from the position of the (024) and (224) reflections. A deviation in the calculated values for a, beyond the systematic error, was found in the in-plane lattice parameter, suggesting an in-plane orthorhombic distortion (a, a'). Films with x = 0.7 showed a minimum in-plane distortion due to a better lattice match with the substrate. The ratio of the in-plane and out-of-plane lattice parameters was calculated as a measure of the lattice distortion (a/c and a'/c). The dielectric properties of the films deposited were measured at room temperature at 2 GHz using gap capacitors fabricated on top of the dielectric film. For all Ba/Sr ratios investigated in the W-doped material, the dielectric Q (1/ tan 8) was observed to be insensitive to the oxygen deposition pressure. A peak in the change in the dielectric constant, as a function of an applied electric field (0-80 kV/cm), was observed for films deposited in 50 mTorr of oxygen. The largest K-factor, K = (epsilon(0) -epsilon(V)/epsilon(0) x Q(0)), for films deposited from a BST x = 0.6 (1 mol % W-doped) target was observed in the film that had a minimum in-plane strain, where a similar to a' and c was greater than a and a'. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. George Washington Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. SFA Inc, Largo, MD 20774 USA. Nucl Res Ctr Negev, IL-84190 Beer Sheva, Israel. RP Horwitz, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM horwitz@ccsalpha3.nrl.navy.mil NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 76 IS 5 BP 841 EP 846 DI 10.1007/s00339-002-1717-9 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 659YF UT WOS:000181806100027 ER PT J AU Abess, LA Keel, DM Graham, BS AF Abess, LA Keel, DM Graham, BS TI Flagellate hyperpigmentation following intralesional bleomycin treatment of verruca plantaris SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CUTANEOUS TOXICITY; PIGMENTATION; ERYTHEMA; THERAPY; WARTS AB Background: Flagellate hyperpigmentation is a well-documented complication of systemic bleomycin sulfate therapy when using doses of 100 U or more as an antineoplastic agent. Two cases occurred after using systemic doses from 15 to 30 U injected intravenously or intrapleurally; however, it has not been described as a complication following intralesional treatment of verruca plantaris. Observations: We report a case of flagellate hyperpigmentation after intralesional injection of 14 U of bleomycin for verrucae plantaris and review the literature associated with this cutaneous complication. Conclusions: Flagellate hyperpigmentation from extremely low doses of intralesional bleomycin is a previously undescribed complication. Although the mechanisms of reaction are not clearly understood, the clinician should be mindful of this uncommon complication. C1 USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Graham, BS (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 34520 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 300, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 139 IS 3 BP 337 EP 339 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 655PJ UT WOS:000181561100012 PM 12622626 ER PT J AU Francis, S AF Francis, S TI The first, the few, the forgotten: Navy and Marine Corps women in World War I SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 USN, Washington, DC 20350 USA. RP Francis, S (reprint author), USN, Washington, DC 20350 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 29 IS 3 BP 470 EP 473 DI 10.1177/0095327X0302900311 PG 4 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 688PN UT WOS:000183444600010 ER PT J AU Pier, JR Munn, JA Hindsley, RB Hennessy, GS Kent, SM Lupton, RH Ivezic, Z AF Pier, JR Munn, JA Hindsley, RB Hennessy, GS Kent, SM Lupton, RH Ivezic, Z TI Astrometric calibration of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; methods : data analysis; surveys ID CELESTIAL EQUATOR; 1ST SURVEY; SYSTEM; CATALOG; REGIONS AB The astrometric calibration of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey is described. For point sources brighter than r similar to 20, the astrometric accuracy is 45 mas rms per coordinate when reduced against the USNO CCD Astrograph Catalog and 75 mas rms when reduced against Tycho-2, with an additional 20 30 mas systematic error in both cases. The rms errors are dominated by anomalous refraction and random errors in the primary reference catalogs. The relative astrometric accuracy between the r filter and each of the other filters (u, g, i, z) is 25-35 mas rms. At the survey limit (r similar to 22), the astrometric accuracy is limited by photon statistics to approximately 100 mas rms for typical seeing. Anomalous refraction is shown to contain components correlated over 2degrees or more on the sky. C1 USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Pier, JR (reprint author), USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, POB 1149, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. EM jrp@nofs.navy.mil; jam@nofs.navy.mil; hindsley@nrl.navy.mil; gsh@usno.navy.mil; skent@fnal.gov; rhl@astro.princeton.edu; ivezic@astro.princeton.edu NR 29 TC 746 Z9 748 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 125 IS 3 BP 1559 EP 1579 DI 10.1086/346138 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 647LR UT WOS:000181094700050 ER PT J AU Pourbaix, D Platais, I Detournay, S Jorissen, A Knapp, G Makarov, VV AF Pourbaix, D Platais, I Detournay, S Jorissen, A Knapp, G Makarov, VV TI How many Hipparcos Variability-Induced Movers are genuine binaries? SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars : binaries : close; astrometry; stars : variables : general ID PERIOD VARIABLE-STARS; SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY AB Hipparcos observations of some variable stars, and especially of long-period (e.g. Mira) variables, reveal a motion of the photocenter correlated with the brightness variation (variability-induced mover-VIM), suggesting the presence of a binary companion. A re-analysis of the Hipparcos photometric and astrometric data does not confirm the VIM solution for 62 among the 288 VIM objects (21%) in the Hipparcos catalogue. Most of these 288 VIMs are long-period (e.g. Mira) variables (LPV). The effect of a revised chromaticity correction, which accounts for the color variations along the light cycle, was then investigated. It is based on "instantaneous" V-I color indices derived from Hipparcos and Tycho-2 epoch photometry. Among the 188 LPVs flagged as VIM in the Hipparcos catalogue, 89 (47%) are not confirmed as VIM after this improved chromaticity correction is applied. This dramatic decrease in the number of VIM solutions is not surprising, since the chromaticity correction applied by the Hipparcos reduction consortia was based on a fixed V-I color. Astrophysical considerations lead us to adopt a more stringent criterion for accepting a VIM solution (first-kind risk of 0.27% instead of 10% as in the Hipparcos catalogue). With this more severe criterion, only 27 LPV stars remain VIM, thus rejecting 161 of the 188 (86%) of the LPVs defined as VIMs in the Hipparcos catalogue. C1 Free Univ Brussels, Inst Astron & Astrophys, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Space Res Assoc, Div Astron & Space Phys, Washington, DC 20024 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Mons, Dept Phys, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Pourbaix, D (reprint author), Free Univ Brussels, Inst Astron & Astrophys, CP 226,Blvd Triomphe, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. OI Makarov, Valeri/0000-0003-2336-7887 NR 23 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEXA PA 7, AVE DU HOGGAR, PARC D ACTIVITES COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEXA, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 399 IS 3 BP 1167 EP 1175 DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20021843 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 646QR UT WOS:000181046200040 ER PT J AU Kim, YJ Eckermann, SD Chun, HY AF Kim, YJ Eckermann, SD Chun, HY TI An overview of the past, present and future of gravity-wave drag parametrization for numerical climate and weather prediction models - Survey article SO ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN LA English DT Review ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; MOUNTAIN LEE WAVES; DOPPLER-SPREAD PARAMETERIZATION; QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; STRATIFIED SHEAR-FLOW; STRATOSPHERE-MESOSPHERE GCM; MIDDLE-ATMOSPHERE MODELS; DEEP TROPICAL CONVECTION; KINETIC-ENERGY SPECTRUM; DIRECTIONAL WIND-SHEAR AB An overview of the parametrization of gravity wave drag in numerical weather prediction and climate simulation models is presented. The focus is primarily on understanding the current status of gravity wave drag parametrization as a step towards the new parametrizations that will be needed for the next generation of atmospheric models. Both the early history and latest developments in the field are discussed. Parametrizations developed specifically for orographic and convective sources of gravity waves are described separately, as are newer parametrizations that collectively treat a spectrum of gravity wave motions. The differences in issues in and approaches for the parametrization of the lower and upper atmospheres are highlighted. Various emerging issues are also discussed, such as explicitly resolved gravity waves and gravity wave drag in models, and a range of unparametrized gravity wave processes that may need attention for the next generation of gravity wave drag parametrizations in models. C1 USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Yonsei Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Kim, YJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 301 TC 153 Z9 154 U1 2 U2 21 PU CANADIAN METEOROLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHIC SOC PI OTTAWA PA 150 LOUIS PASTEUR PVT., STE 112, MCDONALD BUILDING, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1N 6N5, CANADA SN 0705-5900 J9 ATMOS OCEAN JI Atmos.-Ocean PD MAR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 1 BP 65 EP 98 DI 10.3137/ao.410105 PG 34 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA 654YM UT WOS:000181524600005 ER PT J AU Bhatia, AK Landi, E Mason, HE AF Bhatia, AK Landi, E Mason, HE TI Atomic data and spectral line intensities for Ni XXI SO ATOMIC DATA AND NUCLEAR DATA TABLES LA English DT Article ID I ISOELECTRONIC-SEQUENCES; 2S22PK-2S2PK+1 TRANSITIONS; RATE COEFFICIENTS; CROSS-SECTIONS; TOKAMAK PLASMA; FE; NICKEL; IRON; WAVELENGTHS; CHROMIUM AB Electron impact collision strengths, energy levels, oscillator strengths and spontaneous radiative decay rates are calculated for Ni XXI. The configurations used are 2s(2)2p(4), 2s2p(5), 2p(6), 2s(2)2p(3)3s, and 2s(2)3p(3)3d giving rise to 58 fine-structure levels in intermediate coupling. Collision strengths are calculated at five incident energies, 85, 170, 255, 340, and 425 Ry. Excitation rate coefficients are calculated by assuming a Maxwellian electron velocity distribution at an electron temperature of log T-e(K) = 6.9, corresponding to maximum abundance of Ni XXI. Using the excitation rate coefficients and the radiative transition rates, statistical equilibrium equations for level populations are solved at electron densities 10(8)-10(14) cm(-1). Relative spectral line intensities are calculated. Proton excitation rates between the lowest three levels have been included in the statistical equilibrium equations. The predicted intensity ratios are compared with available observations, (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Appl Math & Theoret Phys, Cambridge CB3 9EW, England. RP Bhatia, AK (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 681, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011 NR 32 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0092-640X J9 ATOM DATA NUCL DATA JI Atom. Data Nucl. Data Tables PD MAR PY 2003 VL 83 IS 2 BP 71 EP 112 DI 10.1016/S0092-640X(03)00011-1 PG 42 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 676KC UT WOS:000182749800001 ER PT J AU Bhatia, AK Thomas, RJ Landi, E AF Bhatia, AK Thomas, RJ Landi, E TI Atomic data and spectral line intensities for Ne III SO ATOMIC DATA AND NUCLEAR DATA TABLES LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE-REGION SPECTRUM; EMISSION-LINES; CROSS-SECTIONS; RATE COEFFICIENTS; ELECTRON-IMPACT; ORION NEBULA; EXCITATION; ABUNDANCE; DENSITIES; ANGSTROM AB Electron impact collision strengths, energy levels, oscillator strengths and spontaneous radiative decay rates are calculated for Ne III. The configurations used are 2s(2)2p(4), 2s2p(5), 2s(2)2p(3)3s, and 2s(2)2p(3)3d giving rise to 57 fine-structure levels in intermediate coupling. Collision strengths are calculated at five incident energies, 5, 15, 25, 35, and 45 Ry. Excitation rate coefficients are calculated by assuming a Maxwellian electron velocity distribution at an electron temperature of log T-e(K) = 5.0, corresponding to maximum abundance of Ne III. Using the excitation rate coefficients and the radiative transition rates, statistical equilibrium equations for level populations are solved at electron densities covering 'the range of 10(8)-10(14) cm(-3). Relative spectral line intensities are calculated. Proton excitation rates between the lowest three levels have been included in the statistical equilibrium equations. The predicted Ne III line intensities are compared with SERTS rocket measurements of a solar active region and of a laboratory EUV light source. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bhatia, AK (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011 NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0092-640X J9 ATOM DATA NUCL DATA JI Atom. Data Nucl. Data Tables PD MAR PY 2003 VL 83 IS 2 BP 113 EP 152 DI 10.1016/S0092-640X(03)00012-3 PG 40 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 676KC UT WOS:000182749800002 ER PT J AU Babin, SM Sikora, TD Winstead, NS AF Babin, SM Sikora, TD Winstead, NS TI A case study of satellite synthetic aperture radar signatures of spatially evolving atmospheric convection over the Western Atlantic Ocean SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE atmospheric boundary-layer rolls; cold-air outbreak; synthetic aperture radar ID COLD-AIR OUTBREAK; MESOSCALE CELLULAR CONVECTION; MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; ROLL VORTICES; SEA-SURFACE; GULF-STREAM; IMAGERY; FOOTPRINTS; SIMULATION; STORMS AB A case study of a particularly intense cold air outbreak over the north Atlantic Ocean extending from the northeast coast of the United States to the Gulf Stream is described. A RADARSAT satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image of this outbreak dramatically illustrates the spatial evolution of convection. Nearly coincident images from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer are used to compare many interesting features. In addition, National Weather Service rawinsonde data, National Data Buoy Center buoy data, and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute Coastal Mixing and Optics mooring data are presented. We use these data to help describe the spatial evolution of the atmospheric boundary-layer processes involved in this outbreak. Rows of cellular convective clouds begin to appear some distance offshore and then slowly increase in horizontal diameter and wavelength in the downwind direction, with a subsequent jump in cloud diameter downwind of the Gulf Stream North Wall (GSNW). The SAR image shows a similar evolution of sea-surface footprints of these boundary-layer features. This change in boundary-layer structure is attributed to corresponding changes in static stability. About 300 km south of the GSNW in the SAR image, an even larger jump in cell diameter appears and the cells become non-uniform with bright crescents and filled semi-circles on the downwind sides of the cells. These are believed to be surface effects of gust fronts induced by the mesoscale cellular convection and enhanced by the overall northwesterly flow. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. USN Acad, Dept Oceanog, Annapolis, MD USA. RP Babin, SM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 106 IS 3 BP 527 EP 546 DI 10.1023/A:1021236600569 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 619UV UT WOS:000179496600008 ER PT J AU Perry, H Johnson, DR Larsen, K Trigg, C Vukovich, F AF Perry, H Johnson, DR Larsen, K Trigg, C Vukovich, F TI Blue crab larval dispersion and retention in the Mississippi Bight: Testing the hypothesis SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Blue Crab Conference CY MAR, 2000 CL UNIV NORTH CAROLINA WILMINGTON, WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA HO UNIV NORTH CAROLINA WILMINGTON ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS MEGALOPAE; CHESAPEAKE BAY; CIRCULATION; SETTLEMENT; TRANSPORT; WATERS; POPULATION; ESTUARIES; PATTERNS AB An hypothesis relating physical forcing to dispersion and retention of blue crab larvae was tested in the area of the Mississippi Bight. Seasonal circulation patterns derived from a 3-dimensional, primitive equation, sigma-coordinate model of the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) indicate favorable conditions for offshore dispersal of larvae and their return to nearshore waters as megalopae occur between April and October. Large basin-scale events, such as Loop Current intrusions into the GOM with spin-off eddy generation and anomalies in average wind stress may interrupt this circulation pattern and change the settlement success rate. Meteorological and hydrological factors thought to influence settlement were compared to daily records of megalopal abundance in Mississippi Sound for the years 1991 through 1999. Wind stress was strongly correlated with settlement success. Eastward wind stress during the months of July and August, when the larvae are at sea, and westward wind stress during recruitment in September and October were important in retaining larvae in the general area and subsequently returning them near shore as megalopae, respectively. Northward intrusion of the Loop Current and warm core ring detachment during late summer altered circulation patterns and decreased settlement success. C1 Univ So Mississippi, Gulf Coast Res Lab, Coll Marine Sci, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Perry, H (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Gulf Coast Res Lab, Coll Marine Sci, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 8 PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI PI MIAMI PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA SN 0007-4977 J9 B MAR SCI JI Bull. Mar. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 IS 2 BP 331 EP 346 PG 16 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 732CV UT WOS:000185924000007 ER PT J AU Qadir, LR Osburn-Atkinson, EJ Swider-Lyons, KE Cepak, VM Rolison, DR AF Qadir, LR Osburn-Atkinson, EJ Swider-Lyons, KE Cepak, VM Rolison, DR TI Sonochemically induced decomposition of energetic materials in aqueous media SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE high explosives; ultrasound; reductive denitration; environmental remediation; RDX; ammonium dinitramide; nitramines ID WATER; RDX; ULTRASOUND; KINETICS; NITRATE; REMOVAL; SYSTEM; METAL; TNT AB This study demonstrates that ultrasound rapidly degrades the energetic compounds RDX (cyclo-1,3,5-trinitramine-2,4,6-trimethylene) and ADN (ammonium dinitramide) in aqueous microheterogeneous media. The conditions for effective degradation of these nitramines, as monitored by UV absorption spectroscopy, were determined by varying sonication time, the heterogeneous phase and its suspension density, and the concentration of NaOH. In the presence of 5 mg/ml of aluminum powder and at pH similar to 12 (10 mM NaOH), 74% of the RDX and 86% of the ammonium dinitramide (ADN) in near-saturated solutions decompose within the first 20 min of sonication (20 kHz; 50 W; less than or equal to 5 degreesC). Sonication without Al powder and base yields minimal degradation of either RDX and ADN (similar to5-10%) or the nitrite/nitrate ions that are expected byproducts during RDX and ADN degradation. Sonication at high pH in the presence of dispersed aluminosilicate zeolite. alumina, or titanium dioxide also yields minimal degradation. Preliminary electrochemical studies and product analyses indicate that in situ ultrasonic generation of metallic aluminum and/or aluminum hydride drives reductive denitration of the nitramines. Sonochernical treatment in the presence of a reductant offers an effective and rapid waste remediation option for energetic waste compounds. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rolison, DR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Code 6170,4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAR PY 2003 VL 50 IS 8 BP 1107 EP 1114 AR PII S0045-6535(02)00770-1 DI 10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00770-1 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 638PW UT WOS:000180580300019 PM 12531718 ER PT J AU Cash, BD Schoenfeld, P Rex, D AF Cash, Brooks D. Schoenfeld, Philip Rex, Douglas TI An Evidence-Based Medicine Approach to Studies of Diagnostic Tests: Assessing the Validity of Virtual Colonoscopy SO CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 [Cash, Brooks D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Gastroenterol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Schoenfeld, Philip] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Div Gastroenterol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Schoenfeld, Philip] Vet Affairs Ctr Excellence Hlth Serv Res, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Rex, Douglas] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Div Gastroenterol, Indianapolis, IN USA. RP Cash, BD (reprint author), USN Hosp, Div Gastroenterol, 100 Brewster Ave, Camp Lejeune, NC 28547 USA. EM bdcash@nhcl.med.navy.mil NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1542-3565 J9 CLIN GASTROENTEROL H JI Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 1 IS 2 BP 136 EP 144 DI 10.1053/jcgh.2003.50021 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA V19KF UT WOS:000208070600010 PM 15017506 ER PT J AU Hale, BR Owusu-Agyei, S Fryauff, DJ Koram, KA Adjuik, M Oduro, AR Prescott, WR Baird, JK Nkrumah, F Ritchie, TL Franke, ED Binka, FN Horton, J Hoffman, SL AF Hale, BR Owusu-Agyei, S Fryauff, DJ Koram, KA Adjuik, M Oduro, AR Prescott, WR Baird, JK Nkrumah, F Ritchie, TL Franke, ED Binka, FN Horton, J Hoffman, SL TI A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging trial of tafenoquine for weekly prophylaxis against Plasmodium falciparum SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN CHALLENGE MODEL; VIVAX MALARIA; PRIMAQUINE PROPHYLAXIS; ANTIMALARIAL; EFFICACY; CHLOROQUINE; PROGUANIL; INFECTION; WR-238605; SAFETY AB Tafenoquine is a promising new 8-aminoquinoline drug that may be useful for malaria prophylaxis in nonpregnant persons with normal glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) function. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled chemoprophylaxis trial was conducted with adult residents of northern Ghana to determine the minimum effective weekly dose of tafenoquine for the prevention of infection by Plasmodium falciparum. The primary end point was a positive malaria blood smear result during the 13 weeks of study drug coverage. Relative to the placebo, all 4 tafenoquine dosages demonstrated significant protection against P. falciparum infection: for 25 mg/week, protective efficacy was 32% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20%-43%); for 50 mg/week, 84% (95% CI, 75%-91%); for 100 mg/week, 87% (95% CI, 78%-93%); and for 200 mg/week, 86% (95% CI, 76%-92%). The mefloquine dosage of 250 mg/week also demonstrated significant protection against P. falciparum infection (protective efficacy, 86%; 95% CI, 72%-93%). There was little difference between study groups in the adverse events reported, and there was no evidence of a relationship between tafenoquine dosage and reports of physical complaints or the occurrence of abnormal laboratory parameters. Tafenoquine dosages of 50, 100, and 200 mg/week were safe, well tolerated, and effective against P. falciparum infection in this study population. C1 Naval Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. Navrongo Hlth Res Ctr, Navrongo, Ghana. Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Accra, Ghana. USA, Med Mat Dev Activ, Ft Detrick, MD USA. WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. GlaxoSmithKline, Harlow, Essex, England. RP Fryauff, DJ (reprint author), Naval Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Villasante, Eileen/G-3602-2011 NR 29 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 5 BP 541 EP 549 DI 10.1086/367542 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 647CE UT WOS:000181073600001 PM 12594633 ER PT J AU Papanicolaou, NI Chamati, H Evangelakis, GA Papaconstantopoulos, DA AF Papanicolaou, NI Chamati, H Evangelakis, GA Papaconstantopoulos, DA TI Second-moment interatomic potential for Al, Ni and Ni-Al alloys, and molecular dynamics application SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT E-MRS 2002 Spring Meeting CY JUN 18-21, 2002 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE DE interatomic potentials; elastic constants; molecular-dynamics simulations; thermal expansion; vibrations; phonons; aluminum; nickel; nickel-aluminum alloys ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; DEBYE-WALLER FACTORS; EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; TRANSITION-METALS; DISORDERED NI3AL; TEMPERATURE; ALUMINUM; MODES; NICKEL; STRAIN AB We present an interatomic potential for Al, Ni and Ni-Al ordered alloys within the second-moment approximation of the tight-binding theory. The potential was obtained by fitting to the total energy of these materials computed by first-principles augmented-plane-wave calculations as a function of the volume. The scheme was validated by calculating the bulk modulus and the elastic constants of the pure metals and alloys that were found to be in fair agreement with the experimental measurements. In addition, we performed molecular-dynamics simulations and we obtained the thermal expansion coefficient, the temperature dependence of the atomic mean-square displacements and the phonon density of states of the compounds. Despite the simplicity of the model, we found satisfactory agreement with the available experimental data. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, Div Solid State, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Comp Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Papanicolaou, NI (reprint author), Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, Div Solid State, POB 1186, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. EM nikpap@cc.uoi.gr RI Chamati, Hassan/A-8628-2010 OI Chamati, Hassan/0000-0002-0831-6945 NR 37 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 EI 1879-0801 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 27 IS 1-2 BP 191 EP 198 DI 10.1016/S0927-0256(02)00445-7 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 657GA UT WOS:000181656700031 ER PT J AU Fiore, SM Cuevas, HM Oser, RL AF Fiore, SM Cuevas, HM Oser, RL TI A picture is worth a thousand connections: the facilitative effects of diagrams on mental model development and task performance SO COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE mental models; knowledge structures; knowledge acquisition; diagrams; card sorts ID KNOWLEDGE STRUCTURES; MINDS EYE; TEXT; ILLUSTRATIONS; MULTIMEDIA; WORDS AB This study investigated the influence of training format on knowledge structure development and how differing knowledge structure measurement techniques can be used to best assess training effectiveness. The presence of diagrams was manipulated in a computer-based training tutorial designed to assess mental model development and knowledge acquisition. Participants presented with diagrams were more likely to accurately draw connections across modules of the training. Diagrams also facilitated performance on measures of integrative knowledge but not on measures of declarative knowledge. The results are discussed in the context of mental model theory. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Cent Florida, Dept Psychol, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Training Syst Div, Orlando, FL USA. RP Fiore, SM (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Psychol, POB 161390, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. OI Fiore, Stephen/0000-0003-3529-1322 NR 39 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0747-5632 J9 COMPUT HUM BEHAV JI Comput. Hum. Behav. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 19 IS 2 BP 185 EP 199 AR PII S0747-5632(02)00054-7 DI 10.1016/S0747-5632(02)00054-7 PG 15 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 646BT UT WOS:000181015500004 ER PT J AU Gue, KR AF Gue, KR TI A dynamic distribution model for combat logistics SO COMPUTERS & OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE military logistics; distribution; dynamic facility location; integer programming ID ALGORITHM AB New warfighting concepts for the US Marine Corps emphasize small, highly mobile forces supported from the sea, rather than from large, land-based supply points. The goal of logistics planners is to support these forces with as little inventory on land as possible. We develop a multi-period, facility location and material flow model, and show how to configure the land-based distribution system over time to support a given battle plan with minimum inventory. We demonstrate results of the model with data from previous studies in combat logistics. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Gue, KR (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 20 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-0548 J9 COMPUT OPER RES JI Comput. Oper. Res. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 30 IS 3 BP 367 EP 381 AR PII S0305-0548(01)00104-6 DI 10.1016/S0305-0548(01)00104-6 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 618KZ UT WOS:000179418400004 ER PT J AU Purdy, AP Case, S George, C AF Purdy, AP Case, S George, C TI Ammonothermal crystal growth of germanium and its alloys: Synthesis of a hollow metallic crystal SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Editorial Material ID HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; GALLIUM NITRIDE; MICROTUBES; GOLD AB Elemental germanium and other metals, including Cu, In, Ag, Bi, Sn, and In, are transported under acidic ammonothermal conditions from the hot zone of a sealed quartz tube to the cool zone, where both crystalline and amorphous materials can deposit. Red amorphous Ge deposits when finely divided Ge that is covered with surface oxide is used along with NH4Br mineralizer. When the Ge feedstock is mixed with other metals or metal salts prior to heating, crystals of intermetallic compounds can be grown. Hexagonal crystals of a Cu-Sn-Ge alloy, Cu3Ge, [Sn6O8Ge(NH3)](n), and unusual hollow crystals of a Ag-Sn-Ge alloy were obtained from these reactions. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Purdy, AP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6125,4555 Overlook Ave SE, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 3 IS 2 BP 121 EP 124 DI 10.1021/cg025590m PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA 653HQ UT WOS:000181429500003 ER PT J AU Schneider, JM Matthews, JH Graham, BS AF Schneider, JM Matthews, JH Graham, BS TI Reiter's syndrome SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID REACTIVE ARTHRITIS AB Reiter's syndrome is a multisystem disease commonly triggered by a genitourinary infection or bacterial enteric infection. After a short latent period, ocular symptoms, oligoarthritis, and mucocutaneous involvement may occur. Classic cutaneous manifestations of Reiter's syndrome include keratoderma blennorrhagicum and balanitis circinata, both of which are microscopically similar to pustular psoriasis. C1 Skin Surg Ctr, Winston Salem, NC 27106 USA. USN Hosp, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Matthews, JH (reprint author), Skin Surg Ctr, 125 Sunnynoll Ct,Suite 100, Winston Salem, NC 27106 USA. NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAR PY 2003 VL 71 IS 3 BP 198 EP 200 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 657EZ UT WOS:000181653600005 PM 12661746 ER PT J AU Mora, AE Steeds, JW Butler, JE AF Mora, AE Steeds, JW Butler, JE TI Relationship between grain boundaries and broad luminescence peaks in CVD diamond films SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-Like Materials, Carbon Nanotubes, Nitrides and Sililcon Carbide (Diamond 2002) CY SEP 03-08, 2002 CL GRANADA, SPAIN SP AIXTRON AG, Elsevier, Inst Elect Engineers, iplas Innovat Plasma Syst GmbH, Jobin Yvon SA, Renishaw plc, Seki Techotron DE characterization; transmission electron microscopy; microscopic photoluminescence spectroscopy; grain boundaries ID MICROSCOPY; DEFECTS AB Broad luminescence bands have been frequently observed by micro-photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy of bulk samples of polycrystalline CVD diamond films; however, no definitive explanation exists for them at present. In an attempt to clarify the situation, a successful method for correlating TEM images with micro-PL spectroscopy has been developed and some links between grain boundaries and broad-band luminescence have been found. The samples studied were polycrystalline B-doped (boron doping at approximate to 10(18) cm(-3)) and unintentional N-doped (nominally undoped) CVD diamond films prepared for plan view TEM and analysed by micro-PL spectroscopy. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Bristol, Dept Phys, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Steeds, JW (reprint author), HH Wills Phys Lab, Royal Ft,Tyndall Ave, Bristol BS8 2EW, Avon, England. RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008 OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176 NR 6 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD MAR-JUL PY 2003 VL 12 IS 3-7 BP 310 EP 317 DI 10.1016/S0925-9635(02)00324-2 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 678MX UT WOS:000182872000016 ER PT J AU Wotherspoon, A Steeds, JW Catmull, B Butler, J AF Wotherspoon, A Steeds, JW Catmull, B Butler, J TI Photoluminescence and positron annihilation measurements of nitrogen doped CVD diamond SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-Like Materials, Carbon Nanotubes, Nitrides and Sililcon Carbide (Diamond 2002) CY SEP 03-08, 2002 CL GRANADA, SPAIN SP AIXTRON AG, Elsevier, Inst Elect Engineers, iplas Innovat Plasma Syst GmbH, Jobin Yvon SA, Renishaw plc, Seki Techotron DE chemical vapour deposition; n-type doping; optical properties; defect characterisation ID IRRADIATED DIAMOND; VACANCY; STATES AB A range of techniques have been used, to determine the nitrogen levels in a series of polycrystalline diamonds. The crystals were grown by the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) technique and EPR measurements indicate that they have a single substitutional nitrogen (N-s)concentration between 10 ppb and 50 ppm. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy provides an extremely sensitive way of detecting the nitrogen vacancy complex, in both the neutral (N-V)(0) and negative charge states (N-V)(-), down to the 10 ppb range and below. It has been observed that for diamonds with a single substitutional nitrogen content of approximately (0.5-2.0) ppm, the nitrogen vacancy complex exists in both charge states, with an almost equal abundance. Below this level, the complex exists with greater regularity in the neutral charge state, with the (N-V)(-) centre dominating at (N-s) levels greater than 2 ppm. Electron irradiation of so-called 'high nitrogen' films, with an (N-s) value in excess of 15 ppm, show an incredibly high abundance of the interstitial related 3H centre. Such samples show little sign of the neutral vacancy, GR1, although some absorption is evident in the tail of the (N-V)(-) centre. No evidence of the negative vacancy, the ND1 centre, was observed in PL spectra. For equivalent electron doses on 'low N' samples, typically with an (N-s) level of below 1 ppm, the GR1 centre completely dominates the PL spectra. For all diamonds the intensity of the nitrogen vacancy complexes are seen to reduce within the irradiated region. Annealing studies of high N samples reveal that by 900 degreesC all the vacancies are annealed with many being trapped at the nitrogen to form a large concentration of the (N-V)(0) centre. Positron annihilation measurements have been performed on the samples. As positron annihilation is sensitive to vacancy concentrations, it is expected to yield lifetime measurements that are strongly dependent on the bulk (N-V) concentration. Doppler broadening spectra have been recorded as the samples were illuminated with light varying from 325 to 785 nm. The shape 'S' parameter was found to increase upon illumination and relax back to its ground state, post-illumination. The relaxation time was found to vary between 30 and 200 hours and be strongly dependent on both the nitrogen concentration and the wavelength of light used. Work is currently on-going, and includes angular correlation of annihilation experiments. Lifetime measurements show clear evidence of the formation of positronium in the voids that are present in the CVD material. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Bristol, Dept Phys, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. USN, Res Labs, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wotherspoon, A (reprint author), Univ Bristol, Dept Phys, Tyndall Ave, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008 OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176 NR 9 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD MAR-JUL PY 2003 VL 12 IS 3-7 BP 652 EP 657 AR PII S0925-9635(02)00229-7 DI 10.1016/S0925-9635(02)00229-7 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 678MX UT WOS:000182872000080 ER PT J AU Thierfelder, K Robinson, S AF Thierfelder, K Robinson, S TI Trade and tradability: Exports, imports, and factor markets in the Salter-Swan model SO ECONOMIC RECORD LA English DT Article ID GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM-MODELS; TECHNOLOGY; WAGES AB We extend the Salter-Swan model to include both factor markets and semi-traded goods. In our model, changes in relative factor prices depend on changes in world commodity prices,factor endowments, and the trade balance. In contrast, only changes in world commodity prices can affect factor prices in the neoclassical trade model. The inclusion of semi-traded goods weakens the magnification effect in both the Stolper-Samuelson and Rybczynski theorems. When imports and domestic goods are poor substitutes, a characteristic of some commodities in developing countries, the sign of the Stolper-Samuelson theorem is reversed. C1 USN Acad, Dept Econ, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Int Food Policy Res Inst, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Thierfelder, K (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Econ, 589 McNair Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM thier@usna.edu NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-0249 J9 ECON REC JI Econ. Rec. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 79 IS 244 BP 103 EP 111 DI 10.1111/1475-4932.00081 PG 9 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 663XN UT WOS:000182032300007 ER PT J AU Sutto, TE Trulove, PC De Long, HC AF Sutto, TE Trulove, PC De Long, HC TI Direct X-ray diffraction evidence for imidazolium intercalation into graphite from an ionic liquid SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRODES AB 1,2-dimethyl-3-n-butylimidazolium (DMBI) tetrafluoroborate was electrochemically characterized at a graphitic paper working electrode. Cyclic voltammetry indicated reversible cationic intercalation of the graphitic paper. X-ray powder/thin film diffraction measurements of intercalated graphitic paper gave one primary diffraction peak at 3.44671 Angstrom. In addition, detailed diffraction studies revealed several additional reflections at 0 0 1 positions. The X-ray diffraction results are consistent with a DMBI x 1 C intercalate that has a c axis of 10.34013+/-0.0051 Angstrom and a resulting c axis expansion of 6.98 Angstrom. This result suggests that the plane of the five membered imidazolium ring is lying nearly parallel to the graphite sheets. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USAF, Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Sutto, TE (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 1099-0062 J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 6 IS 3 BP A50 EP A52 DI 10.1149/1.1543333 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 640VL UT WOS:000180708600002 ER PT J AU Thompson, PE Bennett, J AF Thompson, PE Bennett, J TI p(+)/n ultrashallow junctions in Si1-xGex formed by molecular beam epitaxy SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ION IMPLANTS; KEV BORON; SILICON; SI; SI(100); GROWTH; BF2 AB The use of low temperature Si molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) has been investigated for the formation of 10 nm ultrashallow doped layers. Uniformly B-doped Si1-xGex(x=0, 0.2, or 0.4) layers have been studied. The sheet resistance of the optimally doped, as-grown samples were substantially less than the best reported, ion-implanted shallow layers. The MBE-grown shallow-doped layers were not affected by 10 min of thermal processing up to 700degreesC. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Int SEMATECH, Austin, TX 78741 USA. RP Thompson, PE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 1099-0062 J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 6 IS 3 BP G41 EP G44 DI 10.1149/1.1545194 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 640VL UT WOS:000180708600016 ER PT J AU Hughes, JM Mushrush, GW Hardy, DR AF Hughes, JM Mushrush, GW Hardy, DR TI The relationship between the base extractable species found in middle distillate fuel and lubricity SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article AB The compositional changes a diesel fuel undergoes during hydrotreating were investigated, specifically in relation to the changes in natural lubricity components. A unique set of six diesel fuels from the United States, England, Israel, and Spain were hydrotreated to four different levels of sulfur and aromatic content. Three different ASTM methods were used to determine the lubricity of these samples. These tests showed that the lubricity of the fuels was severely impacted by the hydrotreating process. A chemical test was developed that employed a base extraction followed by GC analysis that positively correlated with the ASTM tests. Additionally, GC/MS was employed to determine the major classes of compounds that are responsible for a fuel's inherent lubricity. The samples were aged at ambient conditions for two years as well as undergoing accelerated aging experiments. There appears to be a fuel dependent relationship between aging and compositional changes that affords a fuel its lubricity. C1 W Springfield High Sch, Dept Sci, Springfield, VA 22152 USA. Geocenters Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. USN, Res Lab, Mat Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Chem, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. USN, Res Lab, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hughes, JM (reprint author), W Springfield High Sch, Dept Sci, 6100 Rolling Rd, Springfield, VA 22152 USA. EM Janet.Hughes@fcps.edu NR 14 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 2 BP 444 EP 449 DI 10.1021/ef010281b PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 658MB UT WOS:000181723800028 ER PT J AU Pan, WH Kastin, AJ Rigai, T McLay, R Pick, CG AF Pan, WH Kastin, AJ Rigai, T McLay, R Pick, CG TI Increased hippocampal uptake of tumor necrosis factor alpha and behavioral changes in mice SO EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE traumatic brain injury; staircase test; blood-brain barrier; transport; TNF alpha; IL1 beta; behavior; hippocampus ID BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; SPINAL-CORD-INJURY; STAIRCASE TEST; MESSENGER-RNA; TNF-ALPHA; HEAD-INJURY; EXPRESSION; MOUSE; PERMEABILITY; TRANSPORT AB Brain trauma may alter the function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and affect psychornotor activity. We have shown that the transport system for tumor necrosis factor a (TNFalpha) at the BBB undergoes regulatory changes after spinal cord injury. In this study, we show in CD I mice that mild trauma by weight-drop to the right temporal region specifically increases the uptake of blood-borne TNFalpha. This increase, measured by use of radiolabeled murine TNFalpha, occurred only in the right hippocampus 24 h after injury and returned to normal at 1 week. There was no increase in the uptake of the vascular marker albumin at I h, 24 h, or I week postinjury, indicating that the BBB remained relatively intact. Human interleukin-1beta, which does not cross the BBB by saturable transport, showed no significant changes in brain uptake after trauma. Therefore, the selective entry of TNFa in the injured right hippocampus may be explained by enhanced transport across the BBB. To explore the functional relevance of this transport regulation, we measured mouse behavior by the staircase test. The number of rearings, mainly reflective of exploratory behavior, decreased at I h and I day after injury but increased at 1 week after a 30-g weight-drop injury. The number of stairs ascended, mainly indicative of locomotor activity, was unchanged at all times tested. We conclude that mild, blunt brain trauma involving the hippocampus causes specific upregulation of TNFalpha transport and a selective change in exploratory behavior. Although no causal relationship can be established at this time, the behavioral changes might be related to the increased TNFalpha transport after trauma. C1 Tulane Univ, Sch Med, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. VAMC, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Fac Med, Dept Anat & Anthropol, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. USN, Ctr Med, Dept Mental Hlth, San Diego, CA USA. RP Pan, WH (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Sch Med, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM wpan@tulane.edu RI Pick, Chaim/D-4789-2009 NR 25 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0014-4819 J9 EXP BRAIN RES JI Exp. Brain Res. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 149 IS 2 BP 195 EP 199 DI 10.1007/s00221-002-1355-7 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 660BH UT WOS:000181813700008 PM 12610687 ER PT J AU Lattimer, BY Hanauska, CP Scheffey, JL Williams, FW AF Lattimer, BY Hanauska, CP Scheffey, JL Williams, FW TI The use of small-scale test data to characterize some aspects of fire fighting foam for suppression modeling SO FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE fire fighting foam; AFFF; environmental impact; fire modeling; drainage; evaporation; expansion ratio; radiant heating; small-scale testing ID DRAINAGE AB Concerns have been raised about the environmental impact of fluorocarbon-based fire fighting foams. To aid in developing alternative fire fighting foam formulations, fire suppression models are being constructed to evaluate the performance of new, innovative formulations. Some of the input parameters for the fire suppression models are specific to the foam and need to be measured experimentally. A small-scale test apparatus was developed in this study to measure the foam loss mechanisms (i.e., solution evaporated and drained) as well as the time to fuel ignition. In this test, the mass evaporated and drained is continuously measured for a static layer of foam exposed to a fixed irradiance level. The test apparatus was used to quantify the behavior of a single formulation of MIL-SPEC 6% aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) for a variety of test conditions. Methods for using the data from the small-scale testing in fire suppression models were developed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Hughes Associates Inc, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. USN, Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Washington, DC 20350 USA. RP Lattimer, BY (reprint author), Hughes Associates Inc, 3610 Commerce Dr,Suite 817, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. EM blattimer@haifire.com RI Lattimer, Brian/A-5114-2010 NR 22 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0379-7112 J9 FIRE SAFETY J JI Fire Saf. J. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 38 IS 2 BP 117 EP 146 AR PII S0379-7112(02)00054-1 DI 10.1016/S0379-7112(02)00054-1 PG 30 WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 658RF UT WOS:000181733700003 ER PT J AU Schwendt, AM Nobile, A Gobby, PL Steckle, WP AF Schwendt, AM Nobile, A Gobby, PL Steckle, WP TI Tritium inventory of inertial fusion energy target fabrication facilities: Effect of foam density and consideration of target yield of direct drive targets SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE IFE targets; tritium inventory; target filling ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE; INJECTION; LAYERS; DESIGN; ICF AB The tritium inventory of direct drive inertial fusion energy (IFE) target filling facilities is examined in the interest of minimizing the tritium inventory. A model is described that has been developed to evaluate the. tritium inventory of the target filling process as a function of filling and layering parameters, as well as target design parameters. Previous studies by A. Nobile et al. showed that the temperature and the fill system void fraction have a significant effect on the tritium inventory. The current study uses the model to examine the effect of deuterium-tritium (DT) ice layering time and density of the CH foam in the target on the tritium inventory. The study shows that increasing the foam density and decreasing the DT ice layering time significantly reduce the tritium inventory. Fortunately, one-dimensional target design calculations indicate that the foam density in the direct drive target can be increased to similar to200 mg/cm(3) without significant degradation of the target yield. Having evaluated and minimized the theoretical tritium inventory, calculations were performed with more realistic batch filling scenarios. The inventories associated with "real" filling scenarios approach the theoretical minimum inventory as the number of batches is increased, resulting in tritium inventories that seem acceptable for future IFE target DT filling facilities. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Gen Atom, Fus Grp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Schwendt, AM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 43 IS 2 BP 217 EP 229 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 650NZ UT WOS:000181271400008 ER PT J AU Appleby, D AF Appleby, D TI The emergence of monasticism: From the desert fathers to the early Middle Ages SO HISTORIAN LA English DT Book Review C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Appleby, D (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0018-2370 J9 HISTORIAN JI Historian PD SPR PY 2003 VL 65 IS 3 BP 755 EP 756 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 667JP UT WOS:000182228700057 ER PT J AU Peckerar, M Perkins, FK Hodge-Miller, A Ehrlich, R Fertig, S Tender, L AF Peckerar, M Perkins, FK Hodge-Miller, A Ehrlich, R Fertig, S Tender, L TI Sensor sensitivity training SO IEEE CIRCUITS & DEVICES LA English DT Article ID BIOSENSOR; ANALYTES C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Peckerar, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 8755-3996 J9 IEEE CIRCUITS DEVICE JI IEEE Circuits Devices PD MAR PY 2003 VL 19 IS 2 BP 17 EP 24 DI 10.1109/MCD.2003.1191434 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 661AH UT WOS:000181868500005 ER PT J AU Biermann, ML Diaz-Barriga, J Rabinovich, WS AF Biermann, ML Diaz-Barriga, J Rabinovich, WS TI Enhanced optical polarization anisotropy in quantum wells under anisotropic tensile strain SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE anisotropic media; micromaching; modulation; polarization; quantum wells; strain ID SUPERLATTICE ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; K-P THEORY; UNIAXIAL-STRESS; FEMTOSECOND AB Anisotropic in-plane strain in quantum wells leads to an optical polarization anisotropy that can be exploited in optoelectronic devices such as modulators. A theoretical model shows that the behavior of the polarization anisotropy with increasing strain anisotropy is radically different for quantum wells under anisotropic tensile and compressive strains of equal magnitude. This strikingly different behavior arises from the different valence-subband mixing that occurs in the cases of anisotropic tensile and compressive strain. Specifically, the mixing of the first heavy- and light-hole subbands that occurs only under anisotropic tensile strain is central to the polarization anisotropy. C1 USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Biermann, ML (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 39 IS 3 BP 401 EP 403 DI 10.1109/JQE.2002.808145 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 651QJ UT WOS:000181331800001 ER PT J AU Rabinovich, WS Mahon, R Goetz, PG Waluschka, E Katzer, DS Binari, SC Gilbreath, GC AF Rabinovich, WS Mahon, R Goetz, PG Waluschka, E Katzer, DS Binari, SC Gilbreath, GC TI A cat's eye multiple quantum-well modulating retro-reflector SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE optical communication; optical modulation; quantum-well devices AB A new kind of modulating retro-reflector using cat's eye optics and a multiple quantum-well electro-absorption modulator array is described. The device exhibits retro-reflection over a 30degrees field of view and can support data rates of up to 50 Mb/s using 1-mm pixels. The use of the device in free-space optical communication is discussed. C1 USN, Res Lab, Code 5650, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20768 USA. RP Rabinovich, WS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5650, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Katzer, D. Scott/N-7841-2013 NR 7 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 15 IS 3 BP 461 EP 463 DI 10.1109/LPT.2002.807904 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 650MG UT WOS:000181267500035 ER PT J AU Li, RR Kaufman, YJ Gao, BC Davis, CO AF Li, RR Kaufman, YJ Gao, BC Davis, CO TI Remote sensing of suspended sediments and shallow coastal waters SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE aerosol; remote sensing; ocean ID ZONE COLOR SCANNER; MODIS; AEROSOL; SYSTEM AB Ocean color sensors were designed mainly for remote sensing of chlorophyll concentrations over the clear open oceanic areas (Case 1 water) using channels between 0.4-0.86 mum. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) launched on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Terra and Aqua spacecrafts is equipped with narrow channels located within a wider wavelength range between 0.4-2.5 mum for a variety of remote sensing applications. The wide spectral range can provide improved capabilities for remote sensing of the more complex and turbid coastal waters (Case 2 water) and for improved atmospheric corrections for ocean scenes. In this paper, we describe an empirical algorithm that uses this wide spectral range to identify areas with suspended sediments in turbid waters and shallow waters with bottom reflections. The algorithm takes advantage of the strong water absorption at wavelengths longer than 1 mum that does not allow illumination of sediments in the water or a shallow ocean floor. MODIS data acquired over the east coast of China, west coast of Africa, Arabian Sea, Mississippi Delta, and west coast of Florida are used in this study. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Li, RR (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 15 TC 79 Z9 87 U1 3 U2 25 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD MAR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 3 BP 559 EP 566 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2003.810227 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 678MQ UT WOS:000182871300006 ER PT J AU Chubb, SR Cooper, AL West, JC Nedlin, GM Sletten, MA AF Chubb, SR Cooper, AL West, JC Nedlin, GM Sletten, MA TI Lessons learned from full-spectral modeling of signatures of an estuary front SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE composite scattering; Kirchoff Approximation radar cross section (RCS); wave-breaking; wave-current interaction ID STREAM CURRENT CONVERGENCE; RADAR BACKSCATTER; SCATTERING; SURFACE; WAVES AB Previously, we have modeled radar signatures, involving large variations (similar to10-15 dB) in radar cross section (RCS), that have been observed at strongly convergent ocean fronts and at an estuarine front. In each of these cases, we obtained quantitative agreement with measurement but only by including wave-breaking (WB) effects in an approximate manner. However, in each case, we used the composite scattering (CS) model at a frequency (9.4 GHz) where this model may be deficient. For this reason, questions remain concerning the importance of WB effects in these simulations. In the present study, we monitor the sensitivity of the simulations with respect to this CS approximation by comparing the results of this model with those from an alternative theory, based on simulations of RCS, derived from a common. wave spectrum. The spectrum is calculated using a full-spectral treatment of wave-current interaction. The resulting simulations are used to model the radar signature I of the buoyant plume associated with the efflux of fresh water from the Chesapeake Bay that was observed during the Chesapeake Outflow Plume Experiment 2 (COPE-H). In both cases, it is possible to simulate this signature, in quantitative agreement with experiment, but only by including WB effects. We find that the CS model, predictions for the behavior of the signature do not agree with the comparable predictions from the remaining model. Additional simulations indicate the difference between the two models, which is, rather large because of the large (60degrees) angle of incidence, occurs because the 6 model includes higher order terms that are not included in the Kirchoff Approximation. C1 USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Phys, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. RP Chubb, SR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD MAR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 3 BP 582 EP 587 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2003.809932 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 678MQ UT WOS:000182871300008 ER PT J AU Tyo, JS Konsolakis, A Diersen, DI Olsen, RC AF Tyo, JS Konsolakis, A Diersen, DI Olsen, RC TI Principal-components-based display strategy for spectral imagery SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE hyperspectral imagery; multidimensional imagery display; spectral imagery ID HYPERSPECTRAL DATA; COLOR; VISION; SPACE AB A new pseudocolor mapping strategy for use with spectral imagery is presented. This strategy is based on a principal components analysis of spectral data, and it capitalizes on the similarities between three-color human vision and high-dimensional hyperspectral datasets. The mapping is closely related to three-dimensional versions of scatter plots that are commonly used in remote sensing to visualize the-data cloud. The transformation results in final images Where the color assigned to-each pixel is solely determined by the position within the data cloud. Materials with similar spectral characteristics are presented in similar hues, and basic classification and clustering decisions can be made by the observer. Final images tend to have large regions of desaturated pixels that make the image more readily interpretable. The data cloud is, shown here to be conical in nature, and materials with common spectral signatures radiate from the origin of the cone, which is not (in general) at the origin of the spectral data. A supervised method for locating the origin of the cone based on identification of clusters in the data is presented, and the effects of proper origin orientation are illustrated. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM tyo@ieee.org; olsen@nps.navy.mil RI Olsen, Richard/O-2699-2015 OI Olsen, Richard/0000-0002-8344-9297 NR 28 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 EI 1558-0644 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD MAR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 3 BP 708 EP 718 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2003.808879 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 678MQ UT WOS:000182871300020 ER PT J AU Corzine, K Kou, XM Baker, JR AF Corzine, K Kou, XM Baker, JR TI Dynamic average-value modeling of a four-level drive system SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE average-value modeling; four-level converters; multilevel converters ID MULTILEVEL AB Multilevel power converters have gained much attention in recent years due to their high power quality, low switching losses, and high-voltage capability. These advantages make the multilevel converter a candidate for the next generation of Naval ship prolusion systems. Evaluation of these systems is typically assisted with a dynamic average-value models in order to rapidly predict system performance under several operating scenarios. In this paper, an average-value model is developed for the four-level diode-clamped converter which takes into account the active capacitor voltage balancing control. This model performance prediction is compared to a detailed model and laboratory measurements on an 18 kW rectifier/inverter test system. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Elect Engn, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. RP Corzine, K (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Elect Engn, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. NR 15 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0885-8993 J9 IEEE T POWER ELECTR JI IEEE Trans. Power Electron. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 18 IS 2 BP 619 EP 627 DI 10.1109/TPEL.2003.809344 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 660UB UT WOS:000181851000013 ER PT J AU Baggenstoss, PM AF Baggenstoss, PM TI The PDF projection theorem and the class-specific method SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Bayesian classification; class-dependent features; classification; class-specific features; hidden Markov models; maximum likelihood estimation; pattern classification; PDF estimation; probability density function ID HIDDEN MARKOV-MODELS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; APPROXIMATIONS; CLASSIFICATION AB In this paper, we present the theoretical foundation for optimal classification using class-specific features and provide examples of its use. A new probability density function (PDF) projection theorem makes it possible to project probability density functions from a low-dimensional feature space back to the raw data space. An M-ary classifier is constructed by estimating the PDFs of class-specific features, then transforming each PDF back to the raw data space where they can be fairly compared. Although statistical sufficiency is not a requirement, the classifier thus constructed will become equivalent to the optimal Bayes classifier if the features meet sufficiency requirements individually for each class. This classifier is completely modular and avoids the dimensionality curse associated with large complex problems. By recursive application of the projection theorem, it is possible to analyze complex signal processing chains. We apply the method to feature sets including linear functions of independent random variables, cepstrum, and MEL cepstrum. In addition, we demonstrate how it is possible to automate the feature and model selection process by direct comparison of log-likelihood values on the common raw data domain. C1 USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Baggenstoss, PM (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM p.m.baggenstoss@ieee.org NR 20 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 51 IS 3 BP 672 EP 685 DI 10.1109/TSP.2002.808109 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 647NH UT WOS:000181099200009 ER PT J AU Arveson, W Price, G AF Arveson, W Price, G TI The structure of spin systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article ID SHIFTS AB A spin system is a sequence of self-adjoint unitary operators U-1, U-2.... acting on a Hilbert space H which either commute or anticommute, UiUj = +/-UjUi for all i, j; it is called irreducible when {U-1, U-2....} is an irreducible set of operators. There is a unique infinite matrix (c(ij)) with 0, 1 entries satisfying UiUj = (-1)(UjUi,)-U-Cij i, j = 1, 2,.... Every matrix (c(ij)) with 0, 1 entries satisfying c(ij) = c(ji) and c(ii) = 0 arises from a nontrivial irreducible spin system, and there are uncountably many such matrices. In cases where the commutation matrix (c(ij)) is of "infinite rank" (these are the ones for which infinite dimensional irreducible representations exist), we show that the C*-algebra generated by an irreducible spin system is the CAR algebra, an infinite tensor product of copies of M-2(C), and we classify the irreducible spin systems associated with a given matrix (c(ij)) up to approximate unitary equivalence. That follows from a structural result. The C*-algebra generated by the universal spin system U-1, U-2.... of (c(ij)) decomposes into a tensor product C(X) circle times A, where X is a Cantor set (possibly finite) and A is either the CAR algebra or a finite tensor product of copies of M-2(C). We describe the nature of this decomposition in terms of the "symplectic" properties of the Z(2)-valued form omega(x,y) = Sigma(p,q=1)(infinity) c(pq)x(q)y(p), x, y ranging over the free infninite dimensional vector space over the Galois field Z(2). C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Arveson, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0129-167X J9 INT J MATH JI Int. J. Math. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 14 IS 2 BP 119 EP 137 DI 10.1142/S0129167X03001673 PG 19 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 661DV UT WOS:000181876700001 ER PT J AU DeYoung, J AF DeYoung, J TI Asteroids: A history. SO ISIS LA English DT Book Review C1 USN Observ, Time Serv, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP DeYoung, J (reprint author), USN Observ, Time Serv, Washington, DC 20392 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0021-1753 J9 ISIS JI Isis PD MAR PY 2003 VL 94 IS 1 BP 118 EP 119 DI 10.1086/376108 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA 659BK UT WOS:000181757000012 ER PT J AU van Keuren, D AF van Keuren, D TI Fifty years below zero: Tributes and meditations for the Naval Arctic Research Laboratory's first half century at barrow SO ISIS LA English DT Book Review C1 USN, Res Lab, NRL, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP van Keuren, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, NRL, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0021-1753 J9 ISIS JI Isis PD MAR PY 2003 VL 94 IS 1 BP 198 EP 199 DI 10.1086/376185 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA 659BK UT WOS:000181757000094 ER PT J AU Paik, CM Michael, WB AF Paik, CM Michael, WB TI The reliability and construct validity of scores on the Japanese version of an academic self-concept scale for a sample of college students SO JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Educational-Research-Association CY APR 24-28, 2000 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Educ Res Assoc DE self-concept; psychological measurement; validity study; factor analyses ID PORTUGUESE VERSION; VALIDATION; GOODNESS; FIT AB This study investigated the internal consistency, reliability, and construct validity of scores on the Japanese version of the Dimensions of Self-Concept (DCSC) academic self-concept scale for a sample of 177 students at a small Japanese private college. Confirmatory factor analyses showed promising support for the construct validity of scores on the six factor subscales (Level of Aspiration, Anxiety, Academic Interest and Satisfaction, Leadership and Initiative, Identification versus Alienation, and Stress), representing the six hypothesized constructs of academic self-concept. Internal consistency reliability of scores on the six subscales ranged from 0.82 to 0.87. C1 USN Acad, Language Studies Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Educ, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Paik, CM (reprint author), USN Acad, Language Studies Dept, 10C, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM chiepaik@nadn.navy.mil NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBL LTD PI OXFORD PA 108 COWLEY RD, OXFORD OX4 1JF, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-5368 J9 JPN PSYCHOL RES JI Jpn. Psychol. Res. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 45 IS 1 BP 60 EP 65 DI 10.1111/1468-5884.t01-1-00033 PG 6 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 660KR UT WOS:000181832800006 ER PT J AU Green, BE Whitesides, JL AF Green, BE Whitesides, JL TI Method for designing leading-edge fillets to eliminate flow separation SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article AB A design method is presented whereby the flow separation in the wing-fuselage juncture of aircraft is eliminated by the use of a leading-edge fillet. The design method uses a design rule that relates a change in skin friction to a change in surface slope. After determining the current skin-friction distribution on the plate ahead of the leading edge of the wing, a target skin-friction distribution that will eliminate flow separation is calculated. By the use of the design rule, the current skin-friction distribution is moved toward the target distribution by extending the leading edge of the wing to form a leading-edge fillet. The new leading-edge fillet is then analyzed by the flow solver and the process is iterated until convergence is achieved. C1 George Washington Univ, NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. George Washington Univ, NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Joint Inst Advancement Flight Sci, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Green, BE (reprint author), USN, Air Syst Command, Bldg 2187,Unit 5,Suite 1320-B,48110 Shaw Rd, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 40 IS 2 BP 282 EP 289 DI 10.2514/2.3121 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 664KM UT WOS:000182060300009 ER PT J AU Kelso, JM Connaughton, C Helm, RM Burks, W AF Kelso, JM Connaughton, C Helm, RM Burks, W TI Psychosomatic peanut allergy SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 USN, Med Ctr, Div Allergy, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Arkansas Childrens Hosp, Div Allergy Immunol, Little Rock, AR 72201 USA. RP Kelso, JM (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Div Allergy, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 2 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 111 IS 3 BP 650 EP 651 DI 10.1067/mai.2003.100 PG 2 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 656YW UT WOS:000181639500035 PM 12642854 ER PT J AU DeCredico, MA AF DeCredico, MA TI Fredericksburg! Fredericksburg! SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP DeCredico, MA (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408 USA SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 89 IS 4 BP 1533 EP 1533 PG 1 WC History SC History GA 654KB UT WOS:000181494800056 ER PT J AU Burk, SD Haack, T Rogers, LT Wagner, LJ AF Burk, SD Haack, T Rogers, LT Wagner, LJ TI Island wake dynamics and wake influence on the evaporation duct and radar propagation SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PAST ISOLATED TOPOGRAPHY; GENERATED LEE VORTICES; MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; 3-DIMENSIONAL OBSTACLES; MESOSCALE SIMULATION; MODEL; FLOW; CALIFORNIA; PREDICTION; PARAMETERIZATION AB The conditions under which atmospheric island wakes form leeward of Kauai, Hawaii, are investigated using idealized numerical simulations and real data forecasts from the U. S. Navy's Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS). Nondimensional mountain height (h) over cap is varied in a series of idealized simulations by altering the island's terrain height; with increasing (h) over cap, the wake configuration varies from two small counterrotating vortices to a straight wake to a meandering wake to a von Karman vortex street. In both the idealized and real data forecasts, stability changes across the wake alter the surface layer temperature and moisture profiles, thereby modifying the refractivity and evaporation duct height (EDH) fields. An electromagnetic (EM) propagation model and a radar clutter model are used to demonstrate that the alterations to the refractivity field created by the wake are capable of strongly affecting near-surface EM propagation. Substantial azimuthal variability in radar sea clutter was observed during radar performance tests conducted by the USS O'Kane leeward of Kauai in December of 1999; these anomalies were postulated to result from an island wake. Results from the linkage of COAMPS output with the two EM codes are compared with the radar returns collected aboard the O'Kane, and metrics are developed for comparing COAMPS forecast EDH values with those calculated directly from the shipboard observations. C1 USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. RP Burk, SD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM burk@nrlmry.navy.mil NR 47 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 42 IS 3 BP 349 EP 367 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(2003)042<0349:IWDAWI>2.0.CO;2 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 648XJ UT WOS:000181176200001 ER PT J AU Yater, JE Shih, A Butler, JE Pehrsson, PE AF Yater, JE Shih, A Butler, JE Pehrsson, PE TI Transmission of low-energy electrons in boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POLYCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND; EMISSION PROPERTIES; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; AFFINITY; SURFACE; SPECTROSCOPY; DESORPTION; TRANSPORT; HYDROGEN AB Transmission electron spectroscopy is used to, examine the low-energy electron transport and emission properties of nanocrystalline chemical-vapor-deposited diamond films. In particular, the intensity and energy distribution of transmitted electrons are measured as a function of film thickness and incident-beam parameters. Low-energy transmission is detected in measurements from two films of thickness 0.15 and 2.5 mum with similar boron concentrations. The transmitted energy distributions. are very similar for the two samples and are nearly identical to those obtained in reflection measurements. The full width at half maximum of the transmitted distribution is slightly broader for the thinner film (similar to0.8.-0.9 eV) than for the thicker film (similar to0.6-0.7 eV), and the maximum transmission yields are similar (similar to3-5 emitted electrons per incident electron). However, different beam energies are required to produce the low-energy transmission. The energy-dependent. data is interpreted using Monte Carlo simulations along with a qualitative model of the diamond nanostructure. From this analysis, the low-energy-electron escape depth is confirmed to be as long as -1 mum in the 2.5-mum-thick sample. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yater, JE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008 OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176 NR 18 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 5 BP 3082 EP 3089 DI 10.1063/1.1544648 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 651EF UT WOS:000181307000120 ER PT J AU Sentman, DD Wescott, EM Picard, RH Winick, JR Stenbaek-Nielsen, HC Dewan, EM Moudry, DR Sabbas, FTS Heavner, MJ Morrill, J AF Sentman, DD Wescott, EM Picard, RH Winick, JR Stenbaek-Nielsen, HC Dewan, EM Moudry, DR Sabbas, FTS Heavner, MJ Morrill, J TI Simultaneous observations of mesospheric gravity waves and sprites generated by a midwestern thunderstorm SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sprites, Elves and Their Global Activities CY SEP 10, 2002 CL FRANKFURT, GERMANY DE sprites; gravity waves; lightning ID OH NIGHTGLOW; PHOTOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS; VIBRATIONAL POPULATIONS; MSX SATELLITE; RED SPRITES; EMISSIONS; STRATOSPHERE; CONVECTION; IONIZATION; EXCITATION AB The present report investigates using simultaneous observations of coincident gravity waves and sprites to establish an upper limit on sprite-associated thermal energy deposition in the mesosphere. The University of Alaska operated a variety of optical imagers and photometers at two ground sites in support of the NASA Sprites99 balloon campaign. One site was atop a US Forest Service lookout tower on Bear Mt. in the Black Hills, in western South Dakota. On the night of 18 August 1999 we obtained from this site simultaneous images of sprites and OH airglow modulated by gravity waves emanating from a very active sprite producing thunderstorm over Nebraska, to the Southeast of Bear Mt. Using 25 s exposures with a bare CCD camera equipped with a red filter, we were able to coincidentally record both short duration ( < 10 ms) but bright ( > 3 MR) N-2 1PG red emissions from sprites and much weaker (similar to1 kR), but persistent, OH Meinel nightglow emissions. A time lapse movie created from images revealed short period, complete 360degrees concentric wave structures emanating radially outward from a central excitation region directly above the storm. During the initial stages of the storm outwardly expanding waves possessed a period of tau approximate to 10 min and wavelength lambda approximate to 50 km. Over a 1 h interval the waves gradually changed to longer period tau approximate to 11 min and shorter wavelength lambda approximate to 40 km. Over the full 2 It observation time, about two dozen bright sprites generated by the underlying thunderstorm were recorded near the center of the outwardly radiating gravity wave pattern. No distinctive OH brightness signatures uniquely associated with the sprites were detected at the level of 2% of the ambient background brightness, establishing an associated upper limit of approximately DeltaT less than or equal to 0.5 K for a neutral temperature perturbation over the Volume of the sprites. The corresponding total thermal energy deposited by the sprite is bounded by these measurements to be less than similar to1 GJ. This value is well above the total energy deposited into the medium by the sprite, estimated by several independent methods to be on the order of similar to1-10 MJ. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, NIS1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sentman, DD (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RI Sao Sabbas, Fernanda/B-7999-2014 OI Sao Sabbas, Fernanda/0000-0002-4381-7446 NR 57 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 2 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1364-6826 J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 65 IS 5 BP 537 EP 550 DI 10.1016/S1364-6826(02)00328-0 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 676GU UT WOS:000182743600008 ER PT J AU Bucsela, E Morrill, J Heavner, M Siefring, C Berg, S Hampton, D Moudry, D Wescott, E Sentman, D AF Bucsela, E Morrill, J Heavner, M Siefring, C Berg, S Hampton, D Moudry, D Wescott, E Sentman, D TI N-2(B-3 Pi(g)) and N-2(+)(A(2) Pi(u)) vibrational distributions observed 2 in sprites SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sprites, Elves and Their Global Activities CY SEP 10, 2002 CL FRANKFURT, GERMANY DE red sprites; ionized N-2; 1PG and Meinel spectra; vibrational distributions ID PHOTOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS; POPULATIONS; IONIZATION; EXCITATION; EMISSIONS; THUNDERSTORMS; DAYGLOW; ELVES; N-2+; N2 AB A pair of spectra taken simultaneously by two different ground-based instruments has been analyzed by our group. As with previous observations, the spectra are composed primarily of the N-2 first positive group (1PG) (B(3)Pi(g) - A(3)Sigma(u)(+)). In a previous study, we compared the N-2(B) vibrational distributions from the spectral analysis with those resulting from a time-dependent kinetic model of N-2 triplet excited state populations. Both spectra reflect emission between 50 and 60 km. The higher-attitude spectrum is primarily 1PG but also shows the presence of features which appear to be N-2(+) Meinel (A(2) Pi(u) - X(2)Sigma(g)(+)). The lower-attitude spectrum shows little or none of the apparent Meinel emission but has an N-2(B) vibrational distribution similar to ones observed in laboratory afterglows. In this paper we discuss the apparent presence of the Meinel emission and present the observed N-2(B) vibrational distributions. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA USA. Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, Boulder, CO USA. Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AL USA. RP Bucsela, E (reprint author), Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. NR 36 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1364-6826 J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 65 IS 5 BP 583 EP 590 DI 10.1016/S1364-6826(02)00316-4 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 676GU UT WOS:000182743600013 ER PT J AU McLay, RN Maki, PM Lyketsos, CG AF McLay, RN Maki, PM Lyketsos, CG TI Nulliparity and late menopause are associated with decreased cognitive decline SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ESTROGEN-REPLACEMENT THERAPY; BREAST-CANCER RISK; MINI-MENTAL-STATE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; OLDER WOMEN; CONTROLLED TRIAL; ELDERLY WOMEN; MEMORY; AGE; RECEPTORS AB Changes in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores were examined over a median of 12.8 years in a population of 361 community-dwelling postmenopausal women who had never received estrogen replacement therapy. In a linear regression model that took into account age, education, race, surgical versus natural menopause, use of birth control pills, and MMSE score at baseline, it was found that nulliparous women and women who went through menopause later in life had significantly less cognitive decline. These results suggest that greater lifetime exposure to endogenous estrogen may be associated with less age-related cognitive decline. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Neuropsychiat Serv, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. USN, Dept Psychiat, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Psychiat, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Psychol, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. RP Lyketsos, CG (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Neuropsychiat Serv, 320 Osler Bldg,600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [1R01-MH-47447] NR 45 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 5 U2 7 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 15 IS 2 BP 161 EP 167 DI 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.15.2.161 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 672VQ UT WOS:000182544000005 PM 12724456 ER PT J AU Weistroffer, JK Mills, WJ Shin, AY AF Weistroffer, JK Mills, WJ Shin, AY TI Recurrent rupture of the triceps tendon repaired with hamstring tendon autograft augmentation: A case report and repair technique SO JOURNAL OF SHOULDER AND ELBOW SURGERY LA English DT Article ID ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT; GRACILIS TENDONS; SEMITENDINOSUS C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Orthopaed Surg, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Orthoped Surg, Div Hand Surg, Rochester, MN USA. RP Weistroffer, JK (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Orthopaed Surg, San Diego, CA USA. OI Shin, Alexander/0000-0001-9658-8192 NR 24 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 1058-2746 J9 J SHOULDER ELB SURG JI J. Shoulder Elbow Surg. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 12 IS 2 BP 193 EP 196 DI 10.1016/S1058-2746(02)00016-2 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences; Surgery GA 669XH UT WOS:000182375700018 PM 12700576 ER PT J AU Brown, BA Brown, AR Shlesinger, MF AF Brown, BA Brown, AR Shlesinger, MF TI Solutions of doubly and higher order iterated equations SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dynamical systems; iterated equations; duplication equations; finite difference equations AB Michael Fisher once studied the solution of the equation f(f(x)) = x(2) - 2. We offer solutions to the general equation f(f(x)) = h(x) in the form f(x) = g(ag(-1)(x)) where a is in general a complex number. This leads to solving duplication formulas for g( x). For the case h(x) = x(2) - 2, the solution is readily found, while the h(x) = x(2) + 2 case is challenging. The solution to these types of equations can be related to differential equations. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22210 USA. RP Brown, BA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-4715 J9 J STAT PHYS JI J. Stat. Phys. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 110 IS 3-6 BP 1087 EP 1097 DI 10.1023/A:1022144826671 PG 11 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 640RG UT WOS:000180701300030 ER PT J AU Gendron, P Nandram, B AF Gendron, P Nandram, B TI Modeling heavy-tailed correlated noise with wavelet packet basis functions SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PLANNING AND INFERENCE LA English DT Article DE wavelet packet bases; environmental monitoring; heavy tails; student's t distribution; scoring ID SHRINKAGE; BASES; ALGORITHMS; SELECTION; TRANSFORM AB Empirical Bayes (EB) methods are used to model correlated and heavy-tailed time series background noise. Background noise is modeled as a multiband Student's t process and estimates of the degree of freedom parameters and scaling parameters at each subband are used to characterize the background clutter. We compare this model with a multiband Gaussian model to demonstrate its robustness and accuracy with both underwater acoustic and seismic recordings. We demonstrate the usefulness of this model as a means of parameter estimation for wavelet packet denoising by applying the model to ocean acoustic recordings of whale calls and ground motion measurements of quarry blast explosions. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3758 J9 J STAT PLAN INFER JI J. Stat. Plan. Infer. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 112 IS 1-2 BP 99 EP 114 AR PII S0378-3758(02)00326-9 DI 10.1016/S0378-3758(02)00326-9 PG 16 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 636HP UT WOS:000180448800007 ER PT J AU Keiffer, RS Novarini, JC Scharstein, RW AF Keiffer, RS Novarini, JC Scharstein, RW TI The role of the frozen surface approximation in small wave-height perturbation theory for moving surfaces SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID OCEAN SURFACE AB In the standard development of the small wave-height approximation (SWHA) perturbation theory for scattering from moving rough surfaces [e.g., E. Y. Harper and F. M. Labianca, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 58, 349-364 (1975) and F. M. Labianca and E. Y. Harp er, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 62, 1144-1157 (1977)] the necessity for any sort of frozen surface approximation is avoided by the replacement of the rough boundary by a flat (and static) boundary. In this paper, this seemingly fortuitous byproduct of the small wave-height approximation is examined and found to fail to fully agree with an analysis based on the kinematics of the problem. Specifically, the first order correction term from the standard perturbation approach predicts a scattered amplitude that depends of the source wave number, whereas the kinematics point to a scattered amplitude that depends on the scattered wave number. It is shown that a perturbation approach in which an explicit frozen surface approximation is made before the SWHA is invoked predicts (first order) scattered amplitudes that are in agreement with the analysis based on the kinematics. (C) 2003 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. Planning Syst Inc, Long Beach, MS 39560 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Elect Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RP Keiffer, RS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7181, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 113 IS 3 BP 1223 EP 1229 DI 10.1121/1.1548153 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 653CB UT WOS:000181416700005 PM 12656357 ER PT J AU Williams, EG AF Williams, EG TI Continuation of acoustic near-fields SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARY-ELEMENT METHOD; RAYLEIGH HYPOTHESIS; HOLOGRAPHY; RECONSTRUCTION; FORMULATION; GEOMETRIES; RADIATION; SURFACES AB This paper deals with the analytic continuation of a coherent pressure field specified on a finite sheet located close to and conformal to the surface of a vibrator. This analytic continuation is an extension or extrapolation of the given (measured) field into a region outside And tangential to them original finite sheet, and is based on the Green's function (the transfer function) relating acoustic quantities on the two conformal surfaces. The continuation of the measured pressure field is an inverse problem that requires the use or regularization theory, especially when noise is present in the data. An iteration algorithm is presented that is successful in continuing the. pressure field into the tangential sheet. The results are accurate close to the original boundary and taper (decay) toward zero with distance away from it. The algorithm is tested on numerical, and experimental data from a point-driven, rectangular plate. Results show. the successful extrapolation (continuation) of this data into an area nearly double that of the original pressure, field. This algorithm is not limited to planar surfaces and can be applied to arbitrarily shaped surfaces. (C) 2003 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Williams, EG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7130, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 21 TC 63 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 113 IS 3 BP 1273 EP 1281 DI 10.1121/1.1528173 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 653CB UT WOS:000181416700010 PM 12656362 ER PT J AU Yang, TC AF Yang, TC TI Beam intensity striations and applications SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW-WATER; INVARIANTS; SIGNALS; RANGE AB The single-element spectrogram for a continuous broadband signal, plotted as a function of range, has been shown to exhibit striated bands of intensity maxima and minima. The slope of the striations is an invariant of the modal interference and is described by a waveguide invariant parameter "beta." The striation pattern is analyzed and modeled in this paper for the beam outputs of a. horizontal line array obtained by conventional beamforming. Array beamforming makes it possible to measure the waveguide invariant parameter for weak signals due to the enhancement of signal levels by the array gain over that of a single element. It is shown that the signal beam spectrogram as a function of range exhibits the same striation pattern as that (predicted) for a single element. Specifically, for a broadside signal, the beam striation is identical to that of a single-element plus a constant signal gain. For a nonbroadside target, the signal beam intensity will be modified by a frequency-bearing dependent signal gain due to the signal spread over multiple beams, nevertheless the beam spectrogram retains the same striation pattern (slope) as for a single element. The sidelobe beams (outside the canonical cones containing the signal arrivals) exhibit an entirely different striation pattern as a function of frequency and range. For array processing, it is shown that a fast range-rate, close range target and a distant, slow range-rate interference source will have a different striation pattern (slope) in the corresponding beam spectrograms as a function of time, assuming no prior knowledge of the source ranges. The difference in the striations between the beam spectrograms can be used in array processing to suppress the interference contribution. A 5-7 dB interference suppression is demonstrated using simulated data. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yang, TC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 14 TC 27 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 4 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 113 IS 3 BP 1342 EP 1352 DI 10.1121/1.1534604 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 653CB UT WOS:000181416700017 PM 12656369 ER PT J AU Oeschger, J Goodman, L AF Oeschger, J Goodman, L TI Acoustic scattering from a thermally driven buoyant plume revisited SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SOUND-SCATTERING; FINITE-LENGTH; SUSPENDED SEDIMENTS; CALF LIVER; SIZE; MICROSTRUCTURE; BACKSCATTER; ZOOPLANKTON; CYLINDERS; TURBULENCE AB Far-field weak scattering theory is applied to the case of high-frequency broad-bandwidth acoustic scattering from a thermally generated buoyant plume in a controlled laboratory environment. To first order, the dominant scattering mechanism is thermally driven sound-speed variations that are related to temperature deviations from ambient. As a result, the received complex acoustic scattering is a measure of the one-component three-dimensional Fourier transform of the temperature difference field measured at the Bragg wave number. The Bragg wave number vector is the difference between the scattered and incident wave vectors. Solving for its magnitude yields the Bragg scattering condition; this is the Fourier component of the plume variability that produces scattering. Results are presented for multistatic scattering from unstable and turbulent plumes using a parallel scattering geometry. The data justify application of the far-field weak scattering, theory to the present case of a thermal plume. As;a consequence, quantitative results on medium variability can be inferred using high-frequency broad-bandwidth acoustic scattering. Particular attention is given to the role of anisotropy of the variability of the scattering field in determining the validity of far-field Bragg scattering. (C) 2003 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Coastal Syst Stn, Dahlgren Div, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, Intercampus Grad Sch, New Bedford, MA 02744 USA. RP Oeschger, J (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Coastal Syst Stn, Dahlgren Div, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 113 IS 3 BP 1353 EP 1367 DI 10.1121/1.154647 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 653CB UT WOS:000181416700018 PM 12656370 ER PT J AU Piquette, JC Paolero, AE AF Piquette, JC Paolero, AE TI Phase change measurement, and speed of sound and attenuation determination, from underwater acoustic panel tests SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB A technique for measuring the change in phase produced by the insertion of a panel between a projector and receiver is described. Presented also is a procedure for determining the phase speed and attenuation of the panel material. Although the methods were developed over the frequency decade 10-100 kHz, they are not limited to that band. It was observed that a "settling time" of approximately 20 min is required to obtain reproducible phase measurements if the experiment is disturbed even slightly. For example, rotating the panel 10 degrees, then immediately returning to the original position, causes the observed phases to differ by up to 10 deg from those obtained prior to the disturbance. These differences are distributed randomly across frequency. Temperature stabilization within the medium as well as the material is also required before measurements can take place. After the stated 20 min settling time, however, the phases return to the values obtained prior to rotation, or after temperature stabilization, to within +/-1/2 deg. The sound speed and attenuation determination technique employs least-squares fitting of a causal model to the measurements. Four.(or fewer) adjusted parameters accommodate the measurements over the stated frequency decade, even for samples that exhibit significant dispersion. The sound speed is typically determined to an accuracy of +/-30 m/s, as judged from a propagation-of-error calculation. This model assumes single-layered panels. C1 USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Piquette, JC (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 113 IS 3 BP 1518 EP 1525 DI 10.1121/1.1531984 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 653CB UT WOS:000181416700034 PM 12656386 ER PT J AU Brown, JR McAuliffe, DD Smith, KT Beavers, GM Presley, SM AF Brown, JR McAuliffe, DD Smith, KT Beavers, GM Presley, SM TI A constant flow valve for hand-compression hydraulic sprayers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE constant flow valve; hand compression sprayer AB A commercial inline constant flow valve for hand-compression hydraulic sprayers was tested to evaluate its capability to maintain constant pressure to the nozzle down to a preset cut-out pressure. The flow-control valve provided consistent flow rates when used with the H.D. Hudson X-Pert 9.5-liter hand-compression sprayers, This flow valve may have potential for use in vector control operations. C1 Naval Air Stn, Navy Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. Global Agr Technol & Engn LLC, Deerfield Beach, FL 33442 USA. RP Brown, JR (reprint author), Naval Air Stn, Navy Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, POB 43, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 19 IS 1 BP 91 EP 93 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 663VL UT WOS:000182026900020 PM 12674545 ER PT J AU Esser, RH Hobart, KD Kub, FJ AF Esser, RH Hobart, KD Kub, FJ TI Improved low-temperature Si-Si hydrophilic wafer bonding SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SILICON-ON-INSULATOR; BUBBLES; INTERFACE; MODEL AB Low-temperature processing is important for bond and exfoliation and materials integration techniques. Of particular importance for hydrophilic wafer bonding is the reduction and removal of thermally generated voids at the bond interface, i.e., voids not caused by particulates. Possible causes of thermally generated voids are excess water and hydrocarbon contamination, both at the bond interface. Several bonding preparation techniques were explored, and the effects on interfacial void density and bond strength were recorded. After bonding, all wafer pairs were annealed to 250degreesC. Infrared imaging was used to monitor void formation, and bond strength was measured using the blade insertion method. Microvoids with lateral dimensions greater than 30 mm were imaged using acoustic microscopy. The highest bond strength was 1260 mJ/m(2) for plasma-cleaned wafers followed closely by 1150 mJ/m(2) for an HF oxide strip before hydrophilization. In addition to these techniques, bonding in a vacuum or the use of a prebond anneal were able to eliminate interfacial voids up to the anneal temperature. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Esser, RH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 22 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 150 IS 3 BP G228 EP G231 DI 10.1149/1.1545469 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 647LE UT WOS:000181093600069 ER PT J AU Crum, NF Chun, HM Favata, MA Hale, BR AF Crum, NF Chun, HM Favata, MA Hale, BR TI Gastrointestinal Schistosomiasis japonicum infections in immigrants from the Island of Leyte, Philippines SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 USN, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Crum, NF (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU B C DECKER INC PI HAMILTON PA 20 HUGHSON ST SOUTH, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 2 BP 131 EP 132 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 657QJ UT WOS:000181677600013 PM 12650659 ER PT J AU Freedland, SJ Kane, CJ Presti, JC Terris, MK Amling, CL Dorey, F Aronson, WJ AF Freedland, SJ Kane, CJ Presti, JC Terris, MK Amling, CL Dorey, F Aronson, WJ TI Comparison of preoperative prostate specific antigen density and prostate specific antigen for predicting recurrence after radical prostatectomy: Results from the search data base SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostate; prostatic neoplasms; prostatectomy; prostate-specific antigen; tumor markers, biological ID SEXTANT BIOPSIES; EXTRACAPSULAR EXTENSION; CANCER; PERCENTAGE; PSA AB Purpose: Prostate specific antigen (PSA) density based on the surgical weight of the radical prostatectomy specimen has previously been shown to be an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. We determined whether preoperative PSA density calculated using transrectal ultrasound prostate volume was a better predictor of advanced pathological findings or biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy relative to PSA. Materials and Methods: We examined 552 men from the newly established Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital data base of men treated with radical prostatectomy at equal access medical centers to determine whether preoperative PSA density was a significant predictor of an adverse pathological condition or PSA recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Models using PSA density were compared with models using PSA to determine whether PSA density improved risk stratification relative to PSA. PSA density was examined as a continuous and a categorical variable using cutoffs to separate patients into groups at different risks for PSA failure. Results: PSA density and PSA were significant predictors of adverse pathological findings on univariate analysis. Using PSA density in the multivariate model resulted in slightly better but statistically insignificant improvement in prediction of positive surgical margins (p = 0.134) and extracapsular extension (p = 0.771) relative to using PSA in the model. Neither PSA nor PSA density were significant independent predictors of seminal vesicle invasion. Area under the ROC curves for predicting biochemical recurrence for PSA and PSA density were not significantly different (0.589 and 0.58, respectively, p = 0.691). On separate multivariate analyses PSA density and PSA were significant independent predictors of biochemical failure. The multivariate model using PSA density provided only slight improvement in risk assessment relative to the model using PSA (index C = 0.589 and 0.581, respectively). To determine whether using PSA density as a categorical variable would result in improved prognostication we evaluated PSA density to determine the cutoff points that would provide the greatest risk stratification. PSA density cutoffs of less than 0.4, 0.4 to 1 and greater than 1 ng./ml./cc separated patients into 3 distinct groups at increasing risk for biochemical failure (p < 0.001). While these cutoffs provided better risk stratification than when PSA density was examined as a continuous variable (index C = 0.684 versus 0.58), they provided only marginal improvement relative to the standard PSA cutoffs of less than 10, 10 to 20 and greater than 20 ng./ml. (index C = 0.676). Conclusions: The use of preoperative PSA density relative to PSA provided only slight improvement for predicting adverse pathological findings and biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. The minimal and statistically insignificant improvement in preoperative risk assessment provided by PSA density does not justify the time and effort necessary to calculate this value. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Urol, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. San Diego Naval Hosp, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. Med Coll Georgia, Div Urol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Kane, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. OI Terris, Martha/0000-0002-3843-7270 NR 16 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 169 IS 3 BP 969 EP 973 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000051400.85694.bb PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 644KM UT WOS:000180916500039 PM 12576824 ER PT J AU Auge, BK Wu, NZ Pietrow, PK Delvecchio, FC Preminger, GM AF Auge, BK Wu, NZ Pietrow, PK Delvecchio, FC Preminger, GM TI Ureteral access sheath facilitates inspection of incision of ureteropelvic junction SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE ureteral obstruction, ureteroscopy; surgical procedures, minimally invasive; electrocoagulation ID ACUCISE ENDOPYELOTOMY AB Purpose: The Acucise (Applied Medical, Rancho Santa Margarita, California) electrocautery balloon is a highly successful device used in managing congenital and secondary ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Correct orientation of the cutting wire is essential during insertion of the Acucise catheter to avoid injury to crossing vessels. Moreover, confirmation of the lateral ureteropelvic junction incision is typically verified by fluoroscopic identification of extravasated contrast material. We describe a technique of facilitated passage of the Acucise balloon through a ureteral access sheath followed by ureteroscopic visualization of the incision, affording the opportunity to improve the incision with the holmium laser if necessary. Materials and Methods: After retrograde pyelography and guidewire placement, a 12/14Fr, 35 cm. ureteral access sheath is fluoroscopically introduced to the proximal ureter. The Acucise balloon is advanced across the ureteropelvic junction and the balloon is partially inflated to confirm proper placement. Following lateral Acucise incision, flexible ureteroscopy allows direct visualization of the ureteropelvic junction, confirming a through-and-through incision. Completion of a partial incision can be performed if needed with a 200 mu. holmium laser fiber followed by routine stent placement. Results: During the last 8 months we have used the Acucise device through a ureteral access sheath to treat congenital or secondary ureteropelvic junction obstruction in 8 patients. All incisions demonstrated extravasation of contrast material on retrograde pyelography, and 6 incisions (75%) were noted to be transmural by flexible ureteroscopic inspection. Two patients (25%) with only a partial incision despite contrast extravasation underwent extended incision using the holmium laser. Short-term followup demonstrated patency of the ureteropelvic junction in 7 of the 8 patients (87.5%) with 1 eventually requiring a secondary open pyeloplasty. Conclusions: The ureteral access sheath greatly facilitates placement of the Acucise device and allows rapid ureteroscopic confirmation of the incision. Insertion and removal of the ureteral access sheath and flexible ureteroscope do not compromise or significantly increase the duration of the procedure. Moreover, flexible ureteroscopic visualization allows confirmation of a complete transmural incision and potentially increases success rates of this minimally invasive approach to ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Continued followup is necessary to confirm the long-term benefits of this procedure. C1 USN, Ctr Med, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. Duke Univ, Ctr Med, Dept Surg, Div Urol, Durham, NC USA. RP Auge, BK (reprint author), USN, Ctr Med, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. RI Preminger, Glenn/B-3990-2011 OI Preminger, Glenn/0000-0003-4287-602X NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 169 IS 3 BP 1070 EP 1073 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000049248.33552.7c PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 644KM UT WOS:000180916500066 PM 12576848 ER PT J AU Wang, SH Mohney, SE Hull, BA Bennett, BR AF Wang, SH Mohney, SE Hull, BA Bennett, BR TI Design of a shallow thermally stable ohmic contact to p-type InGaSb SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GASB; AU AB Ohmic contacts to p-type InGaSb have been investigated. The factors that influence the contact resistance, thermal stability, and shallowness of the contacts are examined. The most desirable contact studied in this work employs three layers. A very thin layer of palladium is deposited on the p-InGaSb first and is found to lower the resistance at the metal/semiconductor interface. The next layer is W, which is predicted to be in thermodynamic equilibrium with InGaSb and which serves as a diffusion barrier to protect the semiconductor from the reaction with the final capping layer. The final capping layer is a 100 or 150 nm Au layer. The Au lowers the metal sheet resistance, which we have found both experimentally and through modeling to influence the contact resistance measurements, and the Au layer provides a contact surface that does not oxidize. The contact resistance of the as-deposited Pd/W/Au (5/50/145 nm) contact is 0.08 Ohm min (corresponding to a specific contact resistance of < 3 X 10(-7) Ohm cm(2)), while the more thermally stable Pd/W/Au (5/145/100 nm) contact exhibits a contact resistance of 0.08 Ohm mm only after annealing at 250 degreesC for 3 h, in both cases on a p-In0.25Ga0.75Sb layer with a semiconductor sheet resistance of approximately 300 Ohm/square. The thermal stability of the Pd/W/Au contacts was also examined. The Pd/W/Au (5/145/100 nm) contacts remained shallow and exhibited no measurable electrical degradation when aged at 250 degreesC in N-2 for 100 h, while they survived at 250 degreesC for 14 days in sealed, evacuated, quartz tubes. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wang, SH (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008; Wang, Hsiao-an Sammy/A-2370-2010 OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213; NR 15 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 21 IS 2 BP 633 EP 640 DI 10.1116/1.1545731 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 673WV UT WOS:000182604000001 ER PT J AU Engle, A Lewis, R AF Engle, A Lewis, R TI A comparison of hydrodynamic impacts prediction methods with two dimensional drop test data SO MARINE STRUCTURES LA English DT Article AB The effect of hydrodynamic impacts on a ship's bow structure is an important design consideration. In addition, to possible failure to local structure, such impacts can generate slam-induced whipping loads, the magnitude of which when combined with ordinary wave induced loads, could lead to first passage failure of a ship's hull girder. This paper presents the results of a recent study that compares select methods of predicting hydrodynamic impacts with available test data of 2-D wedge shaped section shapes. Results based on peak pressures at different impact velocities are presented. The results are compared with traditional prediction theories of Wagner and Chuang. Crown Copyright (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Washington, DC USA. RP Engle, A (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Washington, DC USA. NR 13 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0951-8339 J9 MAR STRUCT JI Mar. Struct. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 16 IS 2 BP 175 EP 182 AR PII S0951-8339(02)00026-6 DI 10.1016/S0951-8339(02)00026-6 PG 8 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 645ZR UT WOS:000181010800005 ER PT J AU Lewis, D Imam, MA Kurihara, LK Fliflet, AW Kinkead, A Miserendino, S Egorov, S Bruce, RW Gold, S Jung, AM AF Lewis, D Imam, MA Kurihara, LK Fliflet, AW Kinkead, A Miserendino, S Egorov, S Bruce, RW Gold, S Jung, AM TI Material processing with a high frequency millimeter-wave source SO MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE millimeter-wave; high frequency; materials processing; gyrotron; quasi-optical; joining; coating; sintering; material synthesis; atmosphere control ID POWDERS AB A millimeter-wave beam based on a 15-kW, continuous-wave, 83-GHz gyrotron with superconducting magnets system is being investigated for use in material processing. The millimeter-wave beam can be focused to a few millimeters and manipulated quasi-optically and has been used in the following experiments: joining of ceramics (both similar and dissimilar materials), brazing of poled piezoelectric ceramics without significant heating and depoling, and coating of metals and polymers. Joining has been done directly and with reactive brazes. In coating, the beam's short wavelength and absorption depth permit effective ceramic-coating deposition on lower temperature materials, e.g., polymers and metals, without significant substrate heating, and localized deposition of coatings as well. Finally, the millimeter-wave source has been used in the efficient production of nanophase metal and ceramic powders, via a greatly accelerated modified polyol process producing smaller powders of greater uniformity. The results and implications of the various experiments will be discussed with some theoretical calculations and modeling. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod 603600, Russia. Thomas Jefferson Sci & Technol High Sch, Fairfax, VA USA. Icarus Res, Bethesda, MD USA. LET Corp, Washington, DC USA. NR 13 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 1042-6914 J9 MATER MANUF PROCESS JI Mater. Manuf. Process. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 18 IS 2 BP 151 EP 167 DI 10.1081/AMP-120018902 PG 17 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 669QG UT WOS:000182361500001 ER PT J AU Abdel-Hamid, TK AF Abdel-Hamid, TK TI Exercise and diet in obesity treatment: An integrative system dynamics perspective SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE metabolism; body composition; weight loss; simulation; feedback ID ALTERED BODY-WEIGHT; FAT-FREE MASS; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; METABOLIC-RATE AB Purpose: Demonstrate the utility of System Dynamics computer modeling to study and gain insight into the impacts of physical activity and diet on weight gain and loss. Methods: A holistic System Dynamics computer model is presented that integrates the processes of human metabolism, hormonal regulation, body composition, nutrition, and physical activity. These processes are not independent of one another, and the model captures the complex interdependencies between them in the regulation of body weight and energy metabolism. The article demonstrates how such an integrative simulation model can serve as a viable laboratory tool for controlled experimentation to investigate the impacts of physical activity and diet on body weight and composition. Results: In one experiment, weight loss from a moderate level of daily exercise was slightly less than the loss from dieting. Although exercise did have a favorable impact on body composition by protecting against the loss in fat-free mass (FFM), it, however, failed to blunt the drop in resting energy expenditure (REE) that accompanies diet-based weight loss. The smaller loss in FFM did indeed induce a smaller drop in nominal REE, however, the preservation of FFM also affected a relatively larger loss in FM, which, in turn, induced a larger adaptive reduction in the metabolic rate. The two adaptations almost totally offset one another, causing minimal differences in REE. In a second experiment, exercise regimens of moderate- to high-level intensity proved counterproductive as weight-reducing strategies. However, when the diet was changed from a balanced composition to one that was highly loaded with carbohydrates, it became possible to sustain the intense exercise regimen over the experimental period and achieve a significant drop in body weight. Conclusion: The results underscore the significant interaction effects between physical activity, diet, and body composition and demonstrate the utility of computer-based experimentation to study, gain insight into, and make predictions about their dynamics. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Abdel-Hamid, TK (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, 555 Dyer Rd,Code GB-Ah, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM tkabdelh@nps.navy.mil NR 30 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 35 IS 3 BP 400 EP 414 DI 10.1249/01.MSS.0000053659.32126.2D PG 15 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 652NZ UT WOS:000181386400005 PM 12618569 ER PT J AU Looney, R AF Looney, R TI The two faces of Islam: The house of Sa'ud from tradition to terror SO MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Washington, DC 20350 USA. RP Looney, R (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Washington, DC 20350 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIDDLE EAST INSTITUTE PI WASHINGTON PA 1761 N STREET NW, CIRCULATION DEPT, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2882 USA SN 0026-3141 J9 MIDDLE EAST J JI Middle East J. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 57 IS 2 BP 337 EP 339 PG 3 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA 682UT UT WOS:000183111300017 ER PT J AU Looney, R AF Looney, R TI Hawala: The terrorist's informal financial mechanism SO MIDDLE EAST POLICY LA English DT Article C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Looney, R (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 3 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1061-1924 J9 MIDDLE EAST POLICY JI Middle East Policy PD SPR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 1 BP 164 EP 167 DI 10.1111/1475-4967.00099 PG 4 WC Area Studies; International Relations SC Area Studies; International Relations GA 655VZ UT WOS:000181574500010 ER PT J AU Hoge, CW Messer, SC Engel, CC Krauss, M Amoroso, P Ryan, MAK Orman, DT AF Hoge, CW Messer, SC Engel, CC Krauss, M Amoroso, P Ryan, MAK Orman, DT TI Priorities for psychiatric research in the US military: An epidemiological approach SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; UNITED-STATES; HOUSEHOLD DYSFUNCTION; ARMY SOLDIERS; SUICIDE; DISORDERS; PERSONNEL; TRENDS; ABUSE; DEATH AB Among the 1.4 million active duty U.S. military service members, 6% receive outpatient treatment for a mental disorder each year. Over 25% of these service members leave military service within 6 months, a rate that is more than two times higher than the rate following treatment for any other illness category. There is clearly a need to define psychiatric research priorities and an unprecedented opportunity to enhance the field of psychiatric research in general using the well-characterized military population. The first priority is to better define the burden of mental disorders in terms of incidence, prevalence, severity, risk factors, and health care use. The impact of mental disorders on occupational functioning, particularly among new recruits, needs to be better characterized. Suicide research should include efforts to validate mortality data, define the normal level of rate variability, and establish surveillance for clusters. The highly structured occupational environment of the military lends itself to studies of preventive interventions designed to reduce disability or occupational attrition resulting from mental/behavioral problems. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20816 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20816 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Total Army Injury & Hlth Outcomes Database Projec, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. USA, Med Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Hoge, CW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 5 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 3 BP 182 EP 185 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AA UT WOS:000186549200004 PM 12685681 ER PT J AU Chamberlain, H Stander, V Merrill, LL AF Chamberlain, H Stander, V Merrill, LL TI Research on child abuse in the US armed forces SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL REGISTRY; MILITARY FAMILY; MEDICAL-CENTER; MALTREATMENT; NEGLECT; RISK AB Child maltreatment in the United States has provoked considerable interest in recent years. Child abuse and neglect are prevalent in all parts of American society. Although children of military personnel experience maltreatment, little research has been completed that compares child abuse rates in the military with those for civilian populations. Studies that have assessed child abuse in the armed forces have been based on official reports recorded in military Family Advocacy central registries. Because a standardized method for recording child abuse does not exist, conclusions regarding the prevalence of abuse are often inaccurate. We explore this and other methodological constraints that make estimating child abuse accurately difficult. A review of the literature also reveals that there are many correlates of child abuse unique to the military family. Finally, we discuss both the risk and protective factors within military life that may influence the occurrence of child maltreatment. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Chamberlain, H (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 3 BP 257 EP 260 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AA UT WOS:000186549200018 PM 12685695 ER PT J AU Sasson-Henry, P AF Sasson-Henry, P TI Hola, amigos SO MODERN LANGUAGE JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Sasson-Henry, P (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0026-7902 J9 MOD LANG J JI Mod. Lang. J. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 87 IS 1 BP 152 EP 154 PG 3 WC Education & Educational Research; Linguistics SC Education & Educational Research; Linguistics GA 649RY UT WOS:000181222800033 ER PT J AU Sasson-Henry, P AF Sasson-Henry, P TI Workbook/laboratory manual/video manual. SO MODERN LANGUAGE JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Sasson-Henry, P (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0026-7902 J9 MOD LANG J JI Mod. Lang. J. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 87 IS 1 BP 152 EP 154 PG 3 WC Education & Educational Research; Linguistics SC Education & Educational Research; Linguistics GA 649RY UT WOS:000181222800034 ER PT J AU Wilken, JA Kane, R Sullivan, CL Wallin, M Usiskin, JB Quig, ME Simsarian, J Saunders, C Crayton, H Mandler, R Kerr, D Reeves, D Fuchs, K Manning, C Keller, M AF Wilken, JA Kane, R Sullivan, CL Wallin, M Usiskin, JB Quig, ME Simsarian, J Saunders, C Crayton, H Mandler, R Kerr, D Reeves, D Fuchs, K Manning, C Keller, M TI The utility of computerized neuropsychological assessment of cognitive dysfunction in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis SO MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS LA English DT Article DE automated assessment; cognition; cognitive dysfunction; computerized neuropsychological assessment; multiple sclerosis; prediction of cognitive impairment ID MILD BRAIN INJURY; MONITORING RECOVERY; IMPAIRMENT; CONCUSSION; MEMORY; PERFORMANCE; EFFICIENCY; DISABILITY; MIGRAINE; PATTERNS AB Traditional paper-and-pencil neuropsychological batteries used to document cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients lack timing precision. This makes it difficult to accurately measure psychomotor slowing, a central cognitive symptom of MS. Additionally, traditional batteries lack multiple alternate forms necessary to control for practice effects when assessing cognition over time. Finally, such batteries are lengthy and expensive. Computerized neuropsychological batteries address many of these shortcomings. They measure response time more precisely, require less administration time, include alternate forms, and are ideal for rapid screening/triage. Although there are normative data on the reliability and validity of computerized measures, there have been no controlled validation studies with MS patients. The current study was designed to validate a computerized neuropsychological battery (ANAM) for use with relapsingremitting (RR) MS patients. Prior to initiation of interferon-beta-1a (Avonex) treatment, subjects participated in a neuropsychological evaluation consisting of traditional and computerized measures. Moderate-to-high correlations were found between computerized and traditional measures. Computerized tests accurately predicted performance on key traditional tests. The battery was also concordant with traditional measures in identifying RR MS patients with and without neurocognitive impairment. Findings are discussed with respect to increased accuracy and accessibility of neuropsychological evaluations for MS patients. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Washington, DC 20422 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20422 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv Line, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20057 USA. Neurol Ctr, Fairfax, VA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USN, San Diego, CA 92055 USA. Univ Virginia, Med Ctr, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. RP Wilken, JA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, 50 Irving St NW, Washington, DC 20422 USA. RI KERR, Douglas /B-9270-2008 NR 44 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 5 PU ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC PI LONDON PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON NW1 3BH, ENGLAND SN 1352-4585 J9 MULT SCLER JI Mult. Scler. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 9 IS 2 BP 119 EP 127 DI 10.1191/1352458503ms893oa PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 666QC UT WOS:000182187100002 PM 12708806 ER PT J AU Swanson, NL Billard, BD AF Swanson, NL Billard, BD TI Optimization of extinction from surface plasmon resonances of gold nanoparticles SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB We present a method to determine the total extinction of laser light due to excitations of the surface plasmon modes in gold nanoparticles, even for very large particle concentrations. The method uses the Mie theory efficiency parameter for single-particle scattering and absorption, a single-particle extinction parameter. We have previously shown that, by properly screening the scattered light, we can determine the extinction of laser light when the beam transverses as many as ten scattering mean free paths in a dense medium, i.e. in the presence of significant multiple scattering. We present the application of the method to the total extinction due mainly to the excitations of the surface plasmon resonance in gold nanoparticles. Although the results obtained from measurements in this multiple-particle medium are explained in terms of the single-particle Mie extinction parameter, we find that the optimum particle size for maximum multiple-scattering extinction is smaller than that for the maximum single-particle extinction parameter predicted by the Mie theory. C1 Western Washington Univ, Phys Astron Dept, Bellingham, WA 98227 USA. USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP Swanson, NL (reprint author), Western Washington Univ, Phys Astron Dept, Bellingham, WA 98227 USA. NR 13 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 14 IS 3 BP 353 EP 357 AR PII S0957-4484(03)52190-0 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/14/3/301 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 664NE UT WOS:000182066500004 ER PT J AU Malone, TB Carson, F AF Malone, TB Carson, F TI HSI top down requirements analysis SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The major objective of the discipline of human systems integration (HSI) in system development is to ensure that requirements and considerations for the human element of the system will influence design. The system must be designed to facilitate and support human performance capability, safety, reliability, survivability and accommodation. This objective is achieved by addressing human requirements early in system design and development, in fact, at the very outset of the design process. How this is accomplished is through application of the HSI top down requirements analysis (TDRA). This paper describes the TDRA process, discusses applications of the TDRA, and compares TDRA with bottom-up analysis. C1 Carlow Int Inc, Potomac Falls, VA USA. USN, Air Syst Command, Washington, DC 20350 USA. RP Malone, TB (reprint author), Carlow Int Inc, Potomac Falls, VA USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 USA SN 0028-1425 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 115 IS 2 BP 37 EP 48 DI 10.1111/j.1559-3584.2003.tb00203.x PG 12 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 688CV UT WOS:000183416100002 ER PT J AU Bekkedal, MYV Rossi, J McInturf, SM McDougle, F Lenger, A Ritchie, GD AF Bekkedal, MYV Rossi, J McInturf, SM McDougle, F Lenger, A Ritchie, GD TI Development of a tissue-based biosensor (TBB) for military deployment toxicology and environmental monitoring SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 20th International Neurotoxicology Conference on Emerging Issues in Neurotoxicology CY NOV 18-21, 2002 CL LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS C1 USN, NEL, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Wright State Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 24 IS 2 MA 78 BP 316 EP 316 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 654RZ UT WOS:000181511000087 ER PT J AU Waecker, NJ Hale, BR AF Waecker, NJ Hale, BR TI Smallpox vaccination: What the pediatrician needs to know SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article C1 USN Hosp, Ctr Med, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Waecker, NJ (reprint author), USN Hosp, Ctr Med, Dept Pediat, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 3 BP 178 EP 181 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 656BW UT WOS:000181589800006 PM 12661492 ER PT J AU O'Brien, T AF O'Brien, T TI Brother as problem in the 'Troilus' SO PHILOLOGICAL QUARTERLY LA English DT Article C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP O'Brien, T (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV IOWA PI IOWA CITY PA ENGLISH PHILOSOPHY BLDG DEPT PUBLICATIONS LOU EICHLER, IOWA CITY, IA 52242 USA SN 0031-7977 J9 PHILOLOGICAL QUART JI Philol. Q. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 82 IS 2 BP 125 EP 148 PG 24 WC Language & Linguistics; Literature SC Linguistics; Literature GA 993RQ UT WOS:000233973000001 ER PT J AU Mazin, II Antropov, VP AF Mazin, II Antropov, VP TI Electronic structure, electron-phonon coupling, and multiband effects in MgB2 SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE band theory; electron-phonon interaction; multi-gap superconductivity ID SUPERCONDUCTING MGB2; ART.; BORON; ANHARMONICITY; TEMPERATURE; ANISOTROPY; RELAXATION; SCATTERING; MAGNESIUM; COVALENT AB We review the current situation in the theory of superconducting and transport properties of MgB2. First principle calculations of the electronic structure and electron-phonon coupling are discussed and compared with the experiment. We also present a brief description of the multiband effects in superconductivity and transport, and how these manifest themselves in MgB2. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Mazin, II (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6391,4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Mazin, Igor/B-6576-2008 NR 67 TC 199 Z9 207 U1 4 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 49 EP 65 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02299-2 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02299-2 PG 17 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640AG UT WOS:000180663000008 ER PT J AU Casalini, R Paluch, M Roland, CM AF Casalini, R Paluch, M Roland, CM TI Influence of molecular structure on the dynamics of supercooled van der Waals liquids SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; GOLDSTEIN BETA-RELAXATION; ALPHA-RELAXATION; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; SECONDARY RELAXATIONS; PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; IONIC-CONDUCTIVITY; LIGHT-SCATTERING; VISCOUS LIQUIDS AB Dielectric spectroscopy was carried out on the van der Waals liquid, 1,1'-di(4-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)cyclohexane (BMMPC) in the supercooled state at pressures up to 218 MPa. The excess wing in this type-A glass former exhibits a response to pressure and temperature changes that is identical to that of the primary structural relaxation peak, indicating that the two processes reflect correlated molecular motions. Under no conditions was a distinct secondary peak observed in BMMPC, unlike the structurally very similar BMPC [1,1'-bis(p-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexane]. However, the pressure dependences of both the glass temperature and fragility for the two materials are very close. The fragility is a decreasing function of pressure, although there is no concomitant narrowing of the relaxation peak. The pressure dependence of the relaxation times could be described as a simple volume-activated process, with the activation volume at the glass transition having the same magnitude as the molar volume. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Chem, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. RP USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 52 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 031505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.031505 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 663TA UT WOS:000182020700029 PM 12689071 ER PT J AU Triandaf, I Bollt, EM Schwartz, IB AF Triandaf, I Bollt, EM Schwartz, IB TI Approximating stable and unstable manifolds in experiments SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CHAOTIC ATTRACTORS AB We introduce a procedure to reveal invariant stable and unstable manifolds, given only experimental data. We assume a model is not available and show how coordinate delay embedding coupled with invariant phase space regions can be used to construct stable and unstable manifolds of an embedded saddle. We show that the method is able to capture the fine structure of the manifold, is independent of dimension, and is efficient relative to previous techniques. C1 USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Clarkson Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. RP Triandaf, I (reprint author), USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Code 6792, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009 NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 037201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.037201 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 663TB UT WOS:000182020900084 PM 12689202 ER PT J AU Goldstein, LJ AF Goldstein, LJ TI Do nascent WMD arsenals deter? The Sino-Soviet crisis of 1969 SO POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY LA English DT Review C1 USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. RP Goldstein, LJ (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. NR 83 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACAD POLITICAL SCIENCE PI NEW YORK PA 475 RIVERSIDE DRIVE, SUITE 1274, NEW YORK, NY 10115-1274 USA SN 0032-3195 J9 POLIT SCI QUART JI Polit. Sci. Q. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 118 IS 1 BP 53 EP 79 PG 27 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA 672MR UT WOS:000182525100003 ER PT J AU Giraldo, JK AF Giraldo, JK TI Bounded missions: Military regimes and democratization in the southern cone and Brazil SO POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Giraldo, JK (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACAD POLITICAL SCIENCE PI NEW YORK PA 475 RIVERSIDE DRIVE, SUITE 1274, NEW YORK, NY 10115-1274 USA SN 0032-3195 J9 POLIT SCI QUART JI Polit. Sci. Q. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 118 IS 1 BP 170 EP 172 PG 3 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA 672MR UT WOS:000182525100034 ER PT J AU O'Meara, WP Thiringer, JK Johnstone, PAS AF O'Meara, WP Thiringer, JK Johnstone, PAS TI Follow-up of head and neck cancer patients post-radiotherapy SO RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE radiotherapy; head and neck neoplasm; squamous cell carcinoma; recurrence; second primary neoplasm; hypothyroidism; follow-up study ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMAS; LUNG-CANCER; HYPOTHYROIDISM AB Diverging opinions exist regarding follow-up studies post-radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. This report describes the efficacy of follow-up physical examinations, thyroid function tests and screening chest X-rays in post-radiotherapy patients in a practice analysis schema. This analysis suggests that physical examination and thyroid function testing remain valid parts of routine follow-up for head and neck cancer patients; chest X-rays appear less vital unless the patient's clinical situation warrants aggressive therapy of a second primary lung cancer. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Ctr Med, Div Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. USN, Ctr Med, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Div Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Johnstone, PAS (reprint author), USN, Ctr Med, Div Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 17 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0167-8140 J9 RADIOTHER ONCOL JI Radiother. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 66 IS 3 BP 323 EP 326 DI 10.1016/S0167-8140(02)00405-X PG 4 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 695ZL UT WOS:000183860200010 PM 12742272 ER PT J AU Koch, JA Aglitskiy, Y Brown, C Cowan, T Freeman, R Hatchett, S Holland, G Key, M MacKinnon, A Seely, J Snavely, R Stephens, R AF Koch, JA Aglitskiy, Y Brown, C Cowan, T Freeman, R Hatchett, S Holland, G Key, M MacKinnon, A Seely, J Snavely, R Stephens, R TI 4.5-and 8-keV emission and absorption x-ray imaging using spherically bent quartz 203 and 211 crystals (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; MASS OSCILLATIONS; PLASTIC TARGETS; HIGH-ENERGY; PLASMAS; MICROSCOPY AB We have used spherically-bent quartz 203 and 211 crystals to image 4.5- and 8-keV sources in both emission and absorption geometries. These imaging systems are straightforward to align, provide high throughput, and can provide high spatial resolution over large fields of view. We discuss the imaging geometry and alignment strategies, and we present experimental results we have obtained from a 1-ns-duration, multikilojoule laser facility and from sub-ps-duration, ultrahigh-intensity laser facilities. Our successful applications suggest that high-quality, spherically-bent quartz crystals may be used to image at many different x-ray energies due to the numerous diffraction planes available from quartz. This range of usable x-ray energies increases the number of applications that might benefit from high-resolution, high-brightness, monochromatic x-ray imaging using bent crystals. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Koch, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Cowan, Thomas/A-8713-2011; OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Cowan, Thomas/0000-0002-5845-000X; Stephens, Richard/0000-0002-7034-6141 NR 20 TC 67 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2130 EP 2135 DI 10.1063/1.1537448 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500172 ER PT J AU Aglitskiy, Y Obenschain, S Yunkin, V AF Aglitskiy, Y Obenschain, S Yunkin, V TI Bent Bragg-Fresnel lenses for x-ray imaging diagnostics SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID CRYSTAL AB Bent Bragg-Fresnel lenses were tested under conditions relevant to the NRL Nike Laser monochromatic backlighting experiments. This hybrid two-dimensional (2D) x-ray imaging diagnostics incorporates high resolution and 1D focusing of the linear Fresnel structure as well as monochromatic and 1D focusing nature of cylindrically bent Bragg crystals. Lenses made of silicon (111) and quartz (10 (1) under bar1 and 10 (1) under bar0) with focal length of 125 rum were tested on our x-ray test bench. First images of backlit targets were obtained. Experimental issues, possible applications and future developments including extension of these diagnostics to the harder x rays (>10 keV), are discussed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Microelect Technol, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia. RP Aglitskiy, Y (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2228 EP 2231 DI 10.1063/1.1537859 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500194 ER PT J AU Gwara, JJ AF Gwara, JJ TI Observations on the text of 'Grimalte y Gradisa' SO ROMANCE PHILOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FLORES,JUAN,DE C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Gwara, JJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BREPOLS PUBLISHERS PI TURNHOUT PA BEGIJNHOF 67, B-2300 TURNHOUT, BELGIUM SN 0035-8002 J9 ROMANCE PHILOL JI Roman. Philol. PD SPR PY 2003 VL 56 BP 245 EP 291 PG 47 WC Language & Linguistics; Literature, Romance SC Linguistics; Literature GA 019UY UT WOS:000235863400003 ER PT J AU Mace, NA AF Mace, NA TI Fielding's library: An annotated catalogue SO SCRIBLERIAN AND THE KIT-CATS LA English DT Book Review C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mace, NA (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK UNIV PI NEW YORK PA C/O PROF MARILYN GAULL, DEPT ENGLISH, NEW YORK, NY 10003-4556 USA SN 0036-9640 J9 SCRIBLERIAN KIT-CATS JI Scriblerian Kit-Cats PD SPR-FAL PY 2003 VL 35 IS 1-2 BP 81 EP 82 PG 2 WC Literature, British Isles SC Literature GA 689BX UT WOS:000183472700026 ER PT J AU Wilson, TJ AF Wilson, TJ TI A sea change for the United States Navy SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 USN, Washington, DC 20350 USA. RP Wilson, TJ (reprint author), USN, Washington, DC 20350 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 USA SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 44 IS 3 BP 23 EP 25 PG 3 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 659RW UT WOS:000181792100005 ER PT J AU Butler, JE Geis, MW Krohn, KE Lawless, J Deneault, S Lyszczarz, TM Flechtner, D Wright, R AF Butler, JE Geis, MW Krohn, KE Lawless, J Deneault, S Lyszczarz, TM Flechtner, D Wright, R TI Exceptionally high voltage Schottky diamond diodes and low boron doping SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE; FILMS AB Exceptionally pure epitaxial diamond layers have been grown by microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition, which have low boron doping, from 5 x 10(14) to 1 x 10(16) cm(-3), and the compensating n-type impurities are the lowest reported for any semiconducting diamond, <3 x 10(13) cm(-3). The hydrogen impurities that bind with the boron making them electrically inactive can be significantly reduced by baking the diamond to >700 degreesC for similar to1 s in air. Schottky diodes made on these epitaxial diamond films have breakdown voltages >6 kV, twelve times the highest breakdown voltage reported for any diamond diode and higher than any other semiconductor Schottky diode. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. Diamond Microelect Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90402 USA. RP Butler, JE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6174, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008 OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176 NR 22 TC 100 Z9 101 U1 5 U2 30 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0268-1242 J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH JI Semicond. Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 18 IS 3 SU S BP S67 EP S71 AR PII S0268-1242(03)34323-8 DI 10.1088/0268-1242/18/3/309 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 663EA UT WOS:000181992200010 ER PT J AU Snow, AW Foos, EE AF Snow, AW Foos, EE TI Conversion of alcohols to thiols via tosylate intermediates SO SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART LA English DT Article DE thiols; esters; alcohols; thiourea; ethyleneglycol oligomer ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; COLLOIDS; SURFACES; WATER AB High yielding syntheses of mercapto terminated mono-disperse dimer, trimer, and tetramer ethyleneoxide oligomers and of p-hydroxyphenethyl thiol via an alcohol-tosylate-thiol route are reported. Comparisons are made with the more conventional alcohol-bromide-thiol route. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Snow, AW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM snow@ccf.nrl.navy.mil NR 17 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 3 U2 26 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0039-7881 J9 SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART JI Synthesis PD MAR PY 2003 IS 4 BP 509 EP 512 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 658NQ UT WOS:000181727400008 ER PT J AU Ricci, V Shukla, A Chalivendra, VB Lee, KH AF Ricci, V Shukla, A Chalivendra, VB Lee, KH TI Subsonic interfacial fracture using strain gages in isotropic-orthotropic bimaterial SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE strain gages; bimaterial; interface; orthotropic; fracture; subsonic crack propagation ID STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR; PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMICS; COMPOSITE-MATERIALS; DYNAMIC FRACTURE; CRACK-GROWTH; TIP FIELDS; INITIATION; BEHAVIOR; GAUGES AB An experimental study has been conducted in which strain fields were used,to investigate the behavior of subsonic crack propagation along the interface of an isotropic-orthotropic bimaterial system. Strain field equations were developed from available field equations and critically evaluated in a parametric study to identify optimum strain gage location and orientation. Bimaterial specimens were prepared with PSM-1 polycarbonate and Scotchply(R) 1002 unidirectional, glass-fiber-reinforced, epoxy composite. Dynamic experiments were conducted using these specimen's with strain gages mounted on the composite half to obtain values of the dynamic complex stress intensity factor, K = K-1 + iK(2), in the region of the crack tip while photoelasticity was used on the PSM-1 half. Results show that the trend and magnitude of K obtained using strain gages compare favorably with those obtained using photoelasticity. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Mech Engn & Appl Mech, Dynam Photomech Lab, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Newport, RI 02841 USA. Sangju Natl Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Sangju City 742711, Kyunbuck, South Korea. RP Shukla, A (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Mech Engn & Appl Mech, Dynam Photomech Lab, 92 Upper Coll Rd Wales Hall, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8442 J9 THEOR APPL FRACT MEC JI Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 39 IS 2 BP 143 EP 161 DI 10.1016/S0167-8442(02)00155-6 PG 19 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 657DQ UT WOS:000181650500005 ER PT J AU Kimmel, EC Reboulet, JE Courson, DL Whitehead, GS Reinhart, PG AF Kimmel, EC Reboulet, JE Courson, DL Whitehead, GS Reinhart, PG TI Pulmonary function following exposure to carbon-graphite/epoxy composite material smoke. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Inhalat Pulm Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Geo Centres Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. ManTech Environm, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Duke Univ, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 206 BP 43 EP 43 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500209 ER PT J AU Reboulet, JE Courson, DL Whitehead, GS Reinhart, PG Kimmel, EC AF Reboulet, JE Courson, DL Whitehead, GS Reinhart, PG Kimmel, EC TI Acute toxicity of carbon-graphite/epoxy composite material smoke: Comparison with N-gas model predictions. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Inhalat Pulm Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Man Tech Environm, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Geo Centres Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Duke Univ, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 207 BP 43 EP 43 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500210 ER PT J AU Reinhart, PG Kimmel, EC Courson, DL Reboulet, JE Jung, AE Murray, JT AF Reinhart, PG Kimmel, EC Courson, DL Reboulet, JE Jung, AE Murray, JT TI Pulmonary toxicity of advanced composite material combustion atmospheres in rats. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Geo Centers Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. ManTech Environm Technol Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 215 BP 45 EP 45 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500218 ER PT J AU Still, KR Ritchie, GD Jung, AE Godfrey, RJ Briggs, GB AF Still, KR Ritchie, GD Jung, AE Godfrey, RJ Briggs, GB TI Absorption, distribution and clearance of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-nitrophenol (DBNP), a submarine atmospheric contaminant SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Toxicol Detachment, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Mantech Environm Technol Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 682 BP 141 EP 141 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500687 ER PT J AU Opresko, D Watson, A Still, K Hauschild, V Leach, G Krewski, D Bakshi, K Garrett, R Young, R AF Opresko, D Watson, A Still, K Hauschild, V Leach, G Krewski, D Bakshi, K Garrett, R Young, R TI Acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for sulfur mustard (Agent HD). SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. USN, NHRC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. USA, CHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 776 BP 160 EP 160 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500782 ER PT J AU Watson, AP Young, R Opresko, D Hauschild, V Leach, G Hinz, J Koller, L Bress, W Still, K Krewski, D Garrett, R Bakshi, K AF Watson, AP Young, R Opresko, D Hauschild, V Leach, G Hinz, J Koller, L Bress, W Still, K Krewski, D Garrett, R Bakshi, K TI Acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for nerve agents. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. USA, CHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. USAF, AFIERA, Brooks AFB, TX USA. Environm Hlth & Toxicol, Corvallis, OR USA. Vermont Dept Hlth, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. USN, NHRC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 775 BP 160 EP 160 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500781 ER PT J AU Mackie, RS Gutting, BW Rayms-Keller, A AF Mackie, RS Gutting, BW Rayms-Keller, A TI Investigating the Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae as an in vivo bioassay for chemical and biological weapons agents (CBWA). SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Chem Biol Syst Technol Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 798 BP 164 EP 165 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500804 ER PT J AU Bekkedal, MY Ritchie, GD McDougle, FJ McInturf, SM Rossi, J AF Bekkedal, MY Ritchie, GD McDougle, FJ McInturf, SM Rossi, J TI Use of the global assessment system for humans in military veterans to discriminate performance deficits. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Neurobehav Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dayton, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 910 BP 187 EP 187 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500916 ER PT J AU Rossi, J McInturf, SM McDougle, FJ Bekkedal, MY Ritchie, GD AF Rossi, J McInturf, SM McDougle, FJ Bekkedal, MY Ritchie, GD TI Use of a planar microelectrode array system to measure toxicant induced changes in the electrical activity of acute brain slices from bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Neurobehav Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1288 BP 264 EP 265 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501293 ER PT J AU Ritchie, GD Rossi, J McDougle, FJ McInturf, SM Bekkedal, MY AF Ritchie, GD Rossi, J McDougle, FJ McInturf, SM Bekkedal, MY TI Use of a planar microelectrode array system to measure effects of chemical challenges on an acute tissue slice preparation from mouse cerebellum. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Neurobehav Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1289 BP 265 EP 265 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501294 ER PT J AU Courson, DL Kimmel, EC Reboulet, JE Jung, AE Reinhart, PG AF Courson, DL Kimmel, EC Reboulet, JE Jung, AE Reinhart, PG TI Exposure of rat lung macrophages to JP-8 jet fuel. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Mantech Environm Technol Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Toxicol Detachment, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1406 BP 289 EP 289 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501412 ER PT J AU Arfsten, DP Johnson, EW Thitoff, AR Brinkley, WW Schaeffer, D Still, KR AF Arfsten, DP Johnson, EW Thitoff, AR Brinkley, WW Schaeffer, D Still, KR TI Acute toxicity assessment of BreakFree CLP (R): A small arms cleaning compound. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1855 BP 382 EP 382 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501862 ER PT J AU Inman, AO Carpenter, RL Briggs, B Brooks, JD Monteiro-Riviere, NA AF Inman, AO Carpenter, RL Briggs, B Brooks, JD Monteiro-Riviere, NA TI Percutaneous absorption of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-nitrophenol (DBNP) in isolated per-fused porcine skin. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Cutaneous Toxicol & Res Pharmacokinet, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1857 BP 383 EP 383 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501864 ER PT J AU Valeri, CR Lane, JP Srey, R Ragno, G AF Valeri, CR Lane, JP Srey, R Ragno, G TI Incidence of breakage of human RBCs frozen with 40-percent wt/vol glycerol using two different methods for storage at -80 degrees C SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID 4-DEGREES-C; ACP-215; AS-3 AB BACKGROUND: We reported previously that the incidence of breakage was 34.2 percent when human RBCs were frozen with 40-percent wt/vol glycerol in polyolefin plastic bags stored in aluminum containers at -80degreesC and subjected to transportation. When human RBCs were frozen with 40-percent wt/vol glycerol at -80degreesC in PVC plastic bags placed in polyester plastic bags and stored in rigid corrugated cardboard boxes, transportation resulted in a 2.4-percent incidence of breakage. The present study was done to confirm this incidence of breakage. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The Meryman-Hornblower freezing method was compared to the Naval Blood Research Laboratory (NBRL) method of freezing for incidence of bag breakage. Human RBCs frozen by the Meryman-Hornblower method with 40-percent wt/vol glycerol with supernatant glycerol and stored in polyolefin plastic bags in aluminum containers at -80degreesC were stored at the NBRL from 1974 to 2002. With the NBRL method, human RBCs frozen at -80degreesC without supernatant glycerol in the 800-mL PVC plastic primary bag inside a polyester plastic bag in a rigid corrugated cardboard box were stored at the NBRL from 1984 to 2002. RESULTS: The incidence of breakage for 532 units of RBCs that had been frozen by the Meryman-Hornblower method and stored in aluminum containers was 47.3 percent for nontransported units. RBCs that had been frozen by the NBRL method and stored in rigid corrugated cardboard boxes exhibited breakage of 2.4 percent for 2424 nontransported units and 6.7 percent for 633 transported units. DISCUSSION: The incidence of breakage was significantly lower for RBCs frozen by the NBRL method than for the RBCs frozen by the Meryman-Hornblower method. C1 Boston Univ, Sch Med, USN, Blood Res Lab, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Valeri, CR (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Med, USN, Blood Res Lab, 615 Albany St, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM navblood@bu.edu NR 6 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD MAR PY 2003 VL 43 IS 3 BP 411 EP 414 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2003.00317.x PG 4 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 658QU UT WOS:000181732600020 PM 12675730 ER PT J AU Gancarczyk, KJ Wu, HY McLeod, DG Kane, C Kusuda, L Lance, R Herring, J Foley, J Baldwin, D Bishoff, JT Soderdahl, D Moul, JW AF Gancarczyk, KJ Wu, HY McLeod, DG Kane, C Kusuda, L Lance, R Herring, J Foley, J Baldwin, D Bishoff, JT Soderdahl, D Moul, JW TI Using the percentage of biopsy cores positive for cancer, pretreatment PSA, and highest biopsy Gleason sum to predict pathologic stage after radical prostatectomy: The center for prostate disease research nomograms SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIGEN; MEN; COMBINATION; VALIDATION; SPECIMENS; INCREASE; SCORE AB Objectives. To develop probability nomograms to predict pathologic outcome at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP) on the basis of established prognostic factors and prostate biopsy quantitative histology. Methods. Using information from the database of the Center for Prostate Disease Research (CPDR), univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on 1510 men who had undergone transrectal ultrasound and biopsy for diagnosis and had radical prostatectomy as primary therapy, with variables of age, race, clinical stage, pretreatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA), biopsy Gleason sum, and percentage of biopsy cores positive for cancer (total number of cores positive for cancer divided by the total number of cores obtained). The percentages of biopsy cores positive were grouped as less than 30%, 30% to 59%, and greater than or equal to 60%. The three most significant variables were used to develop probability nomograms for pathologic stage. Results. PSA, biopsy Gleason sum, and percentage of cores positive were the three most significant independent predictors of pathologic stage. The assigned percentage of biopsy core-positive subgroups along with pretreatment PSA and highest Gleason sum were used to develop probability nomograms for pathologic stage. Conclusions. Pretreatment PSA, highest biopsy Gleason sum, and the percentage of cores positive for cancer are the most significant predictors for pathologic stage after radical prostatectomy. On the basis of these findings, CPDR probability nomograms were developed to predict pathologic outcome at the time of RP. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Portsmouth, VA USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Urol, Bethesda, MD USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. Malcolm Grow Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Andrews AFB, MD USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Augusta, GA USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NR 31 TC 55 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 61 IS 3 BP 589 EP 595 DI 10.1016/S0090-4925(02)02287-2 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 662CJ UT WOS:000181928200024 PM 12639653 ER PT J AU Kane, CJ Amling, CL Johnstone, PAS Pak, N Lance, RS Thrasher, JB Foley, JP Riffenburgh, RH Moul, JW AF Kane, CJ Amling, CL Johnstone, PAS Pak, N Lance, RS Thrasher, JB Foley, JP Riffenburgh, RH Moul, JW TI Limited value of bone scintigraphy and computed tomography in assessing biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOCAL RECURRENCE; CANCER; ANTIGEN; SCAN; PROGRESSION AB Objectives. To define the utility of bone scan and computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of patients with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Methods. A retrospective analysis of the Center for Prostate Disease Research database was undertaken to identify patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between 1989 and 1998. Patients who developed biochemical recurrence (two prostate-specific antigen [PSA] levels greater than 0.2 ng/mL) and underwent either bone scan or CT within 3 years of this recurrence were selected for analysis. The preoperative clinical parameters, pathologic findings, serum PSA levels, follow-up data, and radiographic results were reviewed. Results. One hundred thirty-two patients with biochemical recurrence and a bone scan or CT scan were identified. Of the 127 bone scans, 12 (9.4%) were positive. The patients with true-positive bone scans had an average PSA at the time of the bone scan of 61.3 +/- 71.2 ng/mL (range 1.3 to 123). Their PSA velocities, calculated from the PSA levels determined immediately before the radiographic studies, averaged 22.1 +/- 24.7 ng/mL/mo (range 0.14 to 60.0). Only 2 patients with a positive bone scan had a PSA velocity of less than 0.5 ng/mL/mo. Of the 86 CT scans, 12 (14.0%) were positive. On logistic regression analysis, PSA and PSA velocity predicted the bone scan result (P <0.001 each) and PSA velocity predicted the CT scan result (P = 0.047). Conclusions. Patients with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy have a low probability of a positive bone scan (9.4%) or a positive CT scan (14.0%) within 3 years of biochemical recurrence. Most patients with a positive bone scan have a high PSA level and a high PSA velocity (greater than 0.5 ng/mL/mo). Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Clin Invest, San Diego, CA USA. RP Kane, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Urol, 4150 Clement St 112F, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 22 TC 108 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 61 IS 3 BP 607 EP 611 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(02)02411-1 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 662CJ UT WOS:000181928200027 PM 12639656 ER PT J AU Givoli, D Neta, B AF Givoli, D Neta, B TI High-order non-reflecting boundary conditions for dispersive waves SO WAVE MOTION LA English DT Article ID PERFECTLY MATCHED LAYER; ELASTIC-WAVES; EQUATIONS; MODELS; SCATTERING; FLOWS AB Problems of linear time-dependent dispersive waves in an unbounded domain are considered. The infinite domain is truncated via an artificial boundary beta, and a high-order non-reflecting boundary condition (NRBC) is imposed on beta. Then the problem is solved by a finite difference (FD) scheme in the finite domain bounded by beta. The sequence of NRBCs proposed by Higdon is used. However, in contrast to the original low-order implementation of the Higdon conditions, a new scheme is devised which allows the easy use of a Higdon-type NRBC of any desired order. In addition, a procedure for the automatic choice of the parameters appearing in the NRBC is proposed. The performance of the scheme is demonstrated via numerical examples. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Aerosp Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Asher Ctr Space Res, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Givoli, D (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Aerosp Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. EM givolid@aerodyne.technion.ac.il; bneta@nps.navy.mil RI Neta, Beny/B-1737-2009 NR 38 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2125 J9 WAVE MOTION JI Wave Motion PD MAR PY 2003 VL 37 IS 3 BP 257 EP 271 AR PII S0165-2125(02)00074-4 DI 10.1016/S0165-2125(02)00074-4 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Mechanics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Acoustics; Mechanics; Physics GA 647XY UT WOS:000181120400004 ER PT J AU Karle, J Huang, L AF Karle, J Huang, L TI The glue that holds crystals together: a review SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Symposium on Organic Crystal Chemistry CY AUG 20-24, 2001 CL RYDZYNA, POLAND DE molecular interaction; packing energy; lattice energy; empirical methods; theory ID POTENTIALS; GEOMETRY AB The answer to the question as to-what are the origin and nature of-the forces that hold crystals together starts with the determination of the origin and nature of the forces that hold two molecules together. Attempts to answer this question-began early in the last century before modem quantum mechanics was established. Soon after it was established, however, it played an important role in facilitating an understanding of the attraction of molecules for one another. It is still a problem to express this understanding in terms of accurate calculations of complex systems such as crystals, which has led to very clever empirical. techniques. Both the status of some empirical methods and rigorous theoretical calculations will be discussed. The main topics to be described in some detail are the first attempts to account for the attraction between molecules, developments that have permitted the determination of packing energies for large numbers of organic molecules, the empirical investigation of the lattice energies associated with ionic crystals, and a discussion of an accurate quantum mechanical method for computing the interaction energy between two molecules and the possibility of this method having application to crystals in the future. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Karle, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2860 J9 J MOL STRUCT JI J. Mol. Struct. PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 647 IS 1-3 BP 9 EP 16 AR PII S0022-2860(02)00516-1 DI 10.1016/S0022-2860(02)00516-1 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 649TW UT WOS:000181224900003 ER PT J AU Karle, I Ranganathan, D AF Karle, I Ranganathan, D TI Construction of polar and hydrophobic pores and channels by assembly of peptide molecules SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Symposium on Organic Crystal Chemistry CY AUG 20-24, 2001 CL RYDZYNA, POLAND DE crystal structures; double-gating; empty channels; hybrid peptides; tubules with stacked hybrid macrocycles; zervamicin ion channels ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; NANOTUBES; DESIGN; MODEL; ACID AB Selected peptides and hybrid peptides (combinations of peptide sequences with organic moieties in a single molecule) self-assemble to form pores, channels and tubules. The assemblies occur in a Variety of motifs. Various physiological functions, such as ion transport through cell membranes, and physical functions, such as solubilizing difficult-to-dissolve molecules, are, facilitated by the tubes that-are formed by molecular assemblies. Examples from nature are the ionophores zervamicin and antiamoebin that transport K+ ions through cell membranes. In the area of the constriction of the hour-glass shaped channel in the ionophores, the channel-becomes quite convoluted and contains the double-gating mechanism that controls the ion passage. The formation-of fairly straight tubules has been accomplished by designing cyclic peptides that have a relatively flat backbone, with extended side-chains, and with amide groups and carbonyl groups that are perpendicular to the plane of the backbone. Further, the amide groups and carbonyl groups have to be spaced so that they are in register from one peptide to another, stacked over or under it, in order to form intermolecular (NHO)-O-. . .=C hydrogen bonds. Tubules of this type can be made if the-amino acid residues alternate between alpha- and beta-residues or between D- and L-residues. In order to obviate the register problem with all a-amino acid residues of the same hand, peptide segments have been interspersed with a number of different organic moieties, such as 1,3-adamantane dicarbonyl, norbornene dicarbonyl, 2,6-pyridyl dicarbonyl, cystine. and (CH2)(n) chains. Macrocycles that stacked vertically and formed tubules through hydrogen bonding, are hollow, open-ended, and continue to infinity. The inside diameter of the hollow tubules has varied to more than 10 Angstrom. The hydrophobic tubules are able to accommodate highly lipophilic substances. Successes and failures to make tubules and crystal structures of a number of the tubules will be shown. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Indian Inst Chem Technol, Discovery Lab, Hyderabad 500007, Andhra Pradesh, India. RP Karle, I (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2860 J9 J MOL STRUCT JI J. Mol. Struct. PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 647 IS 1-3 BP 85 EP 96 AR PII S0022-2860(02)00518-5 DI 10.1016/S0022-2860(02)00518-5 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 649TW UT WOS:000181224900009 ER PT J AU Flippen-Anderson, JL George, C Deschamps, JR AF Flippen-Anderson, JL George, C Deschamps, JR TI Molecular approaches to treatments for cocaine abuse SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Symposium on Organic Crystal Chemistry CY AUG 20-24, 2001 CL RYDZYNA, POLAND DE cocaine abuse; dopamine transporter ID DOPAMINE REUPTAKE BLOCKERS; PIPERIDINE-BASED ANALOGS; NON-NITROGEN INHIBITORS; CONFORMATIONAL-ANALYSIS; MONOAMINE TRANSPORTERS; RADICAL CYCLIZATION; POTENT DOPAMINE; TROPANE ANALOGS; CHEMISTRY; GBR-12909 AB Cocaine is a potent stimulant of the central nervous system with severe addiction potential. Its abuse is a major problem worldwide. The exact mechanism of action of cocaine is still uncertain but it is known that its reinforcing and stimulant effects are related to its ability to inhibit the membrane bound dopamine transporter (DAT). This paper discusses efforts that are underway to identify ligands for possible use in the treatment of cocaine abuse. Much of this effort has been focussed on understanding cocaine interactions at DAT receptor sites. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Flippen-Anderson, JL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Code 6030, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2860 J9 J MOL STRUCT JI J. Mol. Struct. PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 647 IS 1-3 BP 259 EP 267 AR PII S0022-2860(02)00532-X DI 10.1016/S0022-2860(02)00532-X PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 649TW UT WOS:000181224900024 ER PT J AU Ortner, G Bayer, M Larionov, A Timofeev, VB Forchel, A Lyanda-Geller, YB Reinecke, TL Hawrylak, P Fafard, S Wasilewski, Z AF Ortner, G Bayer, M Larionov, A Timofeev, VB Forchel, A Lyanda-Geller, YB Reinecke, TL Hawrylak, P Fafard, S Wasilewski, Z TI Fine structure of excitons in InAs/GaAs coupled quantum dots: A sensitive test of electronic coupling SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULES AB Exciton fine structure in InAs/GaAs coupled quantum dots has been studied by photoluminescence spectroscopy in magnetic fields up to 8 T. Pronounced anticrossings and mixings of optically bright and dark states as functions of magnetic field are seen. A theoretical treatment of the mixing of the excitonic states has been developed, and it traces observed features to structural asymmetries. These results provide direct evidence for coherent coupling of excitons in quantum dot molecules. C1 Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Microstruct Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. RP Ortner, G (reprint author), Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. NR 20 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 8 AR 086404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.086404 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 650XL UT WOS:000181289300035 PM 12633447 ER PT J AU Colton, RJ Russell, JN AF Colton, RJ Russell, JN TI Making the world a safer place SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Colton, RJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Russell, John/A-3621-2009 NR 11 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 299 IS 5611 BP 1324 EP 1325 DI 10.1126/science.1080688 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 649DU UT WOS:000181192300030 PM 12610285 ER PT J AU Klimchuk, JA AF Klimchuk, JA TI Journey from the center of the Sun SO NATURE LA English DT Book Review C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Klimchuk, JA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Klimchuk, James/D-1041-2012 OI Klimchuk, James/0000-0003-2255-0305 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 27 PY 2003 VL 421 IS 6926 BP 894 EP 895 DI 10.1038/421894a PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 649BK UT WOS:000181186900019 ER PT J AU Roland, CM Casalini, R AF Roland, CM Casalini, R TI Temperature and volume effects on local segmental relaxation in poly(vinyl acetate) SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT DEPENDENCE; LIQUID-GLASS TRANSITION; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; POLYVINYL ACETATE); PLASTIC CRYSTALS; POLYMER LIQUIDS; CHAIN DYNAMICS; HYDROGEN-BONDS AB Dielectric data on the local segmental relaxation of amorphous poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) are analyzed. At atmospheric pressure, the fragility (T-g-normalized temperature dependence) is invariant to molecular weight. Since the fragility is also independent of pressure, the combined temperature and pressure dependences of the relaxation times can be analyzed using the Avramov model of structural relaxation. This entropy model gives a satisfactory description of the data and yields an expression for the pressure dependence of the dynamic glass transition identical to the empirical Andersson equation. Although in principle the Avramov model parameters can be deduced from measurable thermodynamic properties of the glass-former, the results are at odds with the values obtained from fitting the relaxation times for PVAc. Using pressure-volume-temperature data, the respective contributions of thermal energy and volume to the local dynamics in PVAc were assessed. Specifically, we calculate the ratio of the isochoric to isobaric apparent activation energies. The obtained value, approximate to0.6 at atmospheric pressure just above T-g indicates that temperature and volume both govern to a significant degree the relaxation times. This result is supported by a comparison of the relative magnitude of the isobaric and isochronal thermal expansion coefficients. These properties of PVAc are similar to those of other nonassociated polymers and glass-forming liquids and can be shown to be weakly correlated with the degree of super-Arrhenius behavior. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 76 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 EI 1520-5835 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD FEB 25 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 4 BP 1361 EP 1367 DI 10.1021/ma025791z PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 647WN UT WOS:000181117200056 ER PT J AU Kwon, YW Cooke, RE Park, C AF Kwon, YW Cooke, RE Park, C TI Representative unit-cell models for open-cell metal foams with or without elastic filler SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE metal foam; open-cell; unit-cell; strength and stiffness; finite element analysis; elastic filler ID STEEL FOAM; STRENGTH AB Representative unit-cell models were developed for open-cell metallic foams in order to predict their effective elastic moduli and the failure strengths. Two different open-cell metallic foams were considered. One was just open-cell foam and the other was open-cell foam filled with an elastic material. The models were based on the metallic frames consisting of edges of tetrakaidecahedron. The filling material was modeled as elastic foundation to the tetrakaidecahedral frames. The frame structure of the unit-cell was analyzed using the finite element (FE) method. The failure strength was determined when the vertices of edges became plastic hinges under the assumption of elastic-perfectly-plastic material behavior of the metallic material. Both elastic modulus and failure strength were computed using a single step of FE analysis without any iterative or incremental procedure. In addition, a very small number of FEs was used. As a result, the unit-cell was computationally very efficient. In order to assess the representative unit-cell models, experiments were also conducted. The experimental data agreed very well with the predicted values of both stiffness and strength. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kwon, YW (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ywkwon@monterey.nps.navy.mil NR 21 TC 70 Z9 79 U1 6 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 25 PY 2003 VL 343 IS 1-2 BP 63 EP 70 AR PII S0921-5093(02)00360-X DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00360-X PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 626XP UT WOS:000179899400010 ER PT J AU Al-Kuhaili, MF Glosser, R Wickenden, AE Koleske, DD Henry, RL AF Al-Kuhaili, MF Glosser, R Wickenden, AE Koleske, DD Henry, RL TI Electroreflectance of hexagonal gallium nitride at the fundamental and E-1 spectral regions SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; GAN EPITAXIAL LAYERS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; WURTZITE GAN; INTERBAND-TRANSITIONS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRIC-FIELD; PHOTOREFLECTANCE; SEMICONDUCTORS; SCATTERING AB We have measured the room-temperature electroreflectance (ER) of hexagonal gallium nitride. Our measurements were obtained at the fundamental optical gap and at the E-1 critical point regions. The measurements were performed using front contact ER. In the fundamental region, the ER spectra were found to be of excitonic nature and in the low field regime. In the E-1 region, the ER spectra were also in the low field regime, but were fitted with two-dimensional critical points. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals, Dept Phys, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Al-Kuhaili, MF (reprint author), King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals, Dept Phys, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. RI Al-Kuhaili, Mohammad/B-5965-2015 OI Al-Kuhaili, Mohammad/0000-0001-5453-7645 NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 24 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 8 BP 1203 EP 1205 DI 10.1063/1.1556964 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 646ZD UT WOS:000181066000021 ER PT J AU He, LM Kear-Padilla, LL Lieberman, SH Andrews, JM AF He, LM Kear-Padilla, LL Lieberman, SH Andrews, JM TI Rapid in situ determination of total oil concentration in water using ultraviolet fluorescence and light scattering coupled with artificial neural networks SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE oil content monitor; oil contamination; petroleum products; fluorescence; light scattering; artificial neural network ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; SOILS AB Real-time measurement of total oil concentration in complex samples is required in wastewater discharge streams from ships and processing industries. A novel technology has been developed for the accurate quantification of a variety of single oils and their mixtures. Four major types of oils (lube oils 2190 and 9250, diesel fuel marine (DFM), and jet fuel (JP5)), each of which consisted of a dozen subtypes of oil samples, were examined to obtain both fluorescence and light scattering spectra as a function of concentration of single oils and mixtures. Tremendous variations in both fluorescence and scattering were observed among oil types, subtypes, and mixtures. The spectral response of an oil mixture was not the simple summation of respective single oils. To account for all these variations, a multivariate, nonlinear calibration method is applied to associate instrumental responses with oil concentrations using artificial neural networks (ANNs). The neural network architecture has been established by optimizing network parameters such as epochs, the number of neurons in the hidden layer, and learning rates in order to achieve the maximum accuracy of oil concentration measurements. It is demonstrated that the simultaneous, combined use of fluorescence and light scattering significantly improves the accuracy of measurement for oil samples. The newly developed technique permits the reliable, real-time determination of the total concentration of various oils and mixtures in water. Crown Copyright (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Dept Environm Hlth, Land & Water Qual Div, Water Qual Program, San Diego, CA 92101 USA. USN, Space & Warfare Syst Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Comp Sci Corp, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. RP He, LM (reprint author), Dept Environm Hlth, Land & Water Qual Div, Water Qual Program, 1255 Imperial Ave, San Diego, CA 92101 USA. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD FEB 22 PY 2003 VL 478 IS 2 BP 245 EP 258 DI 10.1016/S0003-2670(02)01471-X PG 14 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 641VL UT WOS:000180767700010 ER PT J AU Pedersen, TR McCarrick, M Gerken, E Selcher, C Sentman, D Carlson, HC Gurevich, A AF Pedersen, TR McCarrick, M Gerken, E Selcher, C Sentman, D Carlson, HC Gurevich, A TI Magnetic zenith enhancement of HF radio-induced airglow production at HAARP SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CAVITIES AB Airglow production at various beam positions relative to the magnetic field was investigated as part of an optics campaign at HAARP in February 2002. Strong emissions up to several hundred Rayleigh at 630.0 nm and more than 50 R at 557.7 nm were produced in a small spot approximately 6degrees in diameter located near the magnetic zenith when the transmitter beam was directed up the magnetic field. This effect was observed hundreds of times over a wide range of frequencies and ionospheric conditions. The spot at HAARP appears on average just equatorward of the nominal magnetic field direction, deflects somewhat toward the beam center when the beam is scanned, and varies slightly in size with transmitter frequency. Red-to-green ratios as low as 3 were observed, with both wavelengths showing significant onset delay. Identifiable enhancements in red-line emission were produced down to 2 MW ERP in a power ramp experiment. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. Adv Power Technol Inc, Washington, DC USA. Stanford Univ, STAR Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. USAF, Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA USA. PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. RP Pedersen, TR (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RI Gurevich, Aleksandr/K-8668-2015 OI Gurevich, Aleksandr/0000-0003-1125-9774 NR 11 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD FEB 22 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 4 AR 1169 DI 10.1029/2002GL016096 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 663AT UT WOS:000181983400001 ER PT J AU Gallagher, EL Thornton, EB Stanton, TP AF Gallagher, EL Thornton, EB Stanton, TP TI Sand bed roughness in the nearshore SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE seafloor roughness; bedforms; nearshore; surf zone; megaripples; bed friction ID HUMMOCKY CROSS-STRATIFICATION; BOTTOM BOUNDARY-LAYER; SURF ZONE; WAVE; FLOW; EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS; RIPPLES; MODEL AB [1] Measurements made using sonar altimeters mounted on an amphibious surveying vehicle are analyzed for root-mean-square (RMS) bedform roughness. Observations for 22 days over a 500 m x 700 m area are used to quantify the cross-shore distribution of roughness and its variability. Large bedforms (with amplitudes 5-50 cm) occur frequently in shallow water (<2 m water depth). However, the patchiness of these bedforms is also largest in shallow water. This is likely owing to the spatial and temporal variability of the waves and currents, of the sediment grain size distributions, and of the large-scale nearshore morphology. Large bedforms were observed to exist only for mobility numbers <150, above this threshold the RMS roughness was <2 cm and the bed was interpreted to have transitioned to sheet flow conditions. However, the state of the bed (e.g., large ripples, small ripples, flat bed) was not predictable for mobility numbers between about 30 and 150. Existing models for orbital ripples do not predict the observed large bedforms and have little predictive skill for these data. C1 Franklin & Marshall Coll, Dept Biol, Lancaster, PA 17604 USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Gallagher, EL (reprint author), Franklin & Marshall Coll, Dept Biol, POB 3003, Lancaster, PA 17604 USA. EM edith.gallagher@fandm.edu; thornton@oc.nps.navy.mil; stanton@oc.nps.navy.mil NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD FEB 21 PY 2003 VL 108 IS C2 AR 3039 DI 10.1029/2001JC001081 PG 8 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 663BJ UT WOS:000181984900005 ER PT J AU Miller, JB Zumbuhl, DM Marcus, CM Lyanda-Geller, YB Goldhaber-Gordon, D Campman, K Gossard, AC AF Miller, JB Zumbuhl, DM Marcus, CM Lyanda-Geller, YB Goldhaber-Gordon, D Campman, K Gossard, AC TI Gate-controlled spin-orbit quantum interference effects in lateral transport SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WEAK-LOCALIZATION; 2-DIMENSIONAL HOLES; 2 DIMENSIONS; WELLS; MAGNETORESISTANCE; ANTILOCALIZATION; HETEROSTRUCTURE; PRECESSION; DIFFUSION; SYSTEMS AB In situ control of spin-orbit coupling in coherent transport using a clean GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electron gas is realized, leading to a gate-tunable crossover from weak localization to antilocalization. The necessary theory of 2D magnetotransport in the presence of spin-orbit coupling beyond the diffusive approximation is developed and used to analyze experimental data. With this theory the Rashba contribution and linear and cubic Dresselhaus contributions to spin-orbit coupling are separately estimated, allowing the angular dependence of spin-orbit precession to be extracted at various gate voltages. C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Miller, JB (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Marcus, Charles/M-4526-2014 OI Marcus, Charles/0000-0003-2420-4692 NR 37 TC 309 Z9 309 U1 5 U2 40 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 21 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 7 AR 076807 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.076807 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 647JZ UT WOS:000181090800043 PM 12633263 ER PT J AU Vink, J Laming, JM AF Vink, J Laming, JM TI On the magnetic fields and particle acceleration in Cassiopeia A SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; gamma rays : observations; ISM : individual (Cassiopeia A); magnetic fields; shock waves; supernova remnants ID SUPERNOVA REMNANT CASSIOPEIA; X-RAY-EMISSION; HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRONS; CAS-A; COSMIC-RAYS; HALF-LIFE; LINE EMISSION; COMET HALLEY; TI-44; BREMSSTRAHLUNG AB We investigate the nonthermal X-ray emission from Cas A, using BeppoSAX, Compton Gamma Ray Observatory OSSE, and Chandra data. For the hard X-ray continuum we test the model proposed by Laming, which invokes nonthermal bremsstrahlung from electrons accelerated by lower hybrid plasma waves. The justification for this model comes from our determination of a lower limit to the average magnetic field of B > 0.5 mG. For such high magnetic fields, the synchrotron losses are severe enough that most of the electron populations responsible for the radio emission have maximum electron energies well below the limit for which X-ray synchrotron emission is important. However, we do suggest that the rim surrounding Cas A, seen in Chandra continuum images, is X-ray synchrotron emission. The width of this rim of 1."5-4" can be used to infer the magnetic field near the shock front, for which we estimate B = 0.08-0.16 mG and electron energies of similar to57-40 TeV. This magnetic field strength is lower than the average magnetic field but higher than what may be expected from shocked interstellar medium, suggesting either a high magnetic field in the wind of the progenitor or rapid postshock field amplification by nonlinear growth of plasma waves. Combining the two magnetic field measurements, we have constructed a simple two-zone model. Most of the radio emission comes from inside Cas A, where the magnetic field is strong. In contrast, the inverse Compton emission is dominated by emission from near the shock front. Only for our lower limit on the magnetic field strength near the shock front is it possible to explain the recent detection of TeV emission by the High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy experiment with inverse Compton emission, for which, in addition, we have to assume a rather high far-infrared photon density that should be twice as high as our best estimate of similar to70 cm(-3). Pion decay is therefore likely to be the dominant emission from Cas A at TeV energies. C1 Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Vink, J (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, MC 5247,550 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 65 TC 232 Z9 234 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 584 IS 2 BP 758 EP 769 DI 10.1086/345832 PN 1 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 643WG UT WOS:000180884100022 ER PT J AU Price, PA Kulkarni, SR Schmidt, BP Galama, TJ Bloom, JS Berger, E Frail, DA Djorgovski, SG Fox, DW Henden, AA Klose, S Harrison, FA Reichart, DE Sari, R Yost, SA Axelrod, TS McCarthy, P Holtzman, J Halpern, JP Kimble, RA Wheeler, JC Chevalier, RA Hurley, K Ricker, GR Costa, E Frontera, F Piro, L AF Price, PA Kulkarni, SR Schmidt, BP Galama, TJ Bloom, JS Berger, E Frail, DA Djorgovski, SG Fox, DW Henden, AA Klose, S Harrison, FA Reichart, DE Sari, R Yost, SA Axelrod, TS McCarthy, P Holtzman, J Halpern, JP Kimble, RA Wheeler, JC Chevalier, RA Hurley, K Ricker, GR Costa, E Frontera, F Piro, L TI GRB 010921: Strong limits on an underlying supernova from the Hubble Space Telescope SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; 25 APRIL 1998; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; OPTICAL AFTERGLOW; HOST GALAXY; ULTRAVIOLET EXTINCTION; BAND OBSERVATIONS; LIGHT-CURVE; GRB 970228; JET AB GRB 010921 was the first HETE-2 gamma-ray burst (GRB) to be localized via its afterglow emission. The low redshift of the host galaxy, z = 0.451, prompted us to undertake intensive multicolor observations with the Hubble Space Telescope with the goal of searching for an underlying supernova (SN) component. We do not detect any coincident SN to a limit 1.33 mag fainter than SN 1998bw at 99.7% confidence, making this one of the most sensitive searches for an underlying SN. Analysis of the afterglow data allows us to infer that the GRB was situated behind a net extinction (Milky Way and the host galaxy) of A(V) similar to 1.8 mag in the observer frame. Thus, had it not been for such heavy extinction, our data would have allowed us to probe for an underlying SN with brightness approaching those of more typical Type Ib/c SNe. C1 Australian Natl Univ, Mt Stromlo & Siding Spring Observ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. CALTECH, Palomar Observ, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. USN Observ, Univ Space Res Assoc, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. Karl Schwarzschild Observ, Thuringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. Carnegie Inst Washington Observ, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Astron, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astron & Solar Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. CNR, Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. CNR, Ist Astrofis Spaziale, Area Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. RP Price, PA (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Mt Stromlo & Siding Spring Observ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Via Cotter Rd, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. RI Kimble, Randy/D-5317-2012; Galama, Titus/D-1429-2014; PIRO, LUIGI/E-4954-2013; OI Galama, Titus/0000-0002-1036-396X; PIRO, LUIGI/0000-0003-4159-3984; Costa, Enrico/0000-0003-4925-8523; Schmidt, Brian/0000-0001-6589-1287; Schmidt, Brian/0000-0002-8538-9195 NR 57 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 584 IS 2 BP 931 EP 936 DI 10.1086/345734 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 643WG UT WOS:000180884100036 ER PT J AU DeLand, MT Shettle, EP Thomas, GE Olivero, JJ AF DeLand, MT Shettle, EP Thomas, GE Olivero, JJ TI Solar backscattered ultraviolet (SBUV) observations of polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) over two solar cycles SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE polar mesospheric clouds; PMC; noctilucent clouds; solar activity; solar cycle effects; SBUV ID STRATOSPHERIC WATER-VAPOR; ARCTIC SUMMER MESOSPHERE; NOCTILUCENT CLOUDS; THERMAL STRUCTURE; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; LOW LATITUDES; OZONE DATA; INSTRUMENT; CLIMATOLOGY; EUROPE AB Previous satellite measurements have provided nearly complete seasonal and geographic coverage of polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs), but previous data sets have not been able to evaluate changes in PMC behavior on decadal timescales. The Solar Backscattered Ultraviolet (SBUV) series of ozone measuring instruments have been flying continuously since 1978. While the instrument design is not optimized for PMC detection, the radiance data can be analyzed to examine the occurrence frequency and intensity of relatively bright PMCs. In this paper, we present PMC results from five SBUV and SBUV/2 instruments covering more than 23 years (1978-2002), starting just before the maximum of solar cycle 21 and extending through the maximum of solar cycle 23. The overlapping data sets from nearly identical instruments give an accurate picture of long-term variations. Multiple linear regression fits are used to examine solar and secular correlations. PMC occurrence frequency is anticorrelated with solar Lyman alpha irradiance, with an approximate 0.5-year phase lag in the Northern Hemisphere (R-solar = -0.87) and no phase lag in the Southern Hemisphere (R-solar = -0.65). The distribution of cloud brightness by season appears to be changing over time. When the PMC brightness for each season is characterized using an exponential cumulative distribution function, the exponent decreases in magnitude by a factor of 2 from 1978 to 2002 in the Southern Hemisphere (R-time = +0.85). This implies an increase in the relative proportion of the brightest PMCs. The secular brightness trend is less significant in the Northern Hemisphere (R-time = +0.58). We discuss possible origins for these changes. C1 Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Embry Riddle Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Daytona Beach, FL 32114 USA. RP DeLand, MT (reprint author), Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd,Suite 400, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. EM matthew_deland@sesda.com NR 70 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D8 AR 8445 DI 10.1029/2002JD002398 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 663BA UT WOS:000181984100001 ER PT J AU Kelley, MC Makela, JJ Chau, JL Nicolls, MJ AF Kelley, MC Makela, JJ Chau, JL Nicolls, MJ TI Penetration of the solar wind electric field into the magnetosphere/ionosphere system SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EQUATORIAL AB On April 17, 2002 an intense, long duration electric field penetration event was captured by the Jicamarca incoherent scatter radar. Other radars in the U. S. chain detected the event as well, although not with as much clarity. The Interplanetary Electric Field (IEF) is available from the ACE satellite as well. The ratio of the dawn-to-dusk component of the IEF to the dawn-to-dusk electric field in the equatorial ionosphere for periods less than about two hours is 15:1. We suggest that this corresponds to the ratio of the size of the magnetosphere to the length of the connection line between the Inter-planetary Magnetic Field (IMF) and the Earth's magnetic field. Simultaneous magnetic field measurements at Piura (off the magnetic equator) and at Jicamarca (under the magnetic equator) in Peru, reveal the same high frequency components and suggest that a chain of stations or an equatorial fleet of satellites in low earth orbit could be used to monitor the connection length continuously. C1 Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Radio Observ Jicamarca, Inst Geofis Peru, Lima, Peru. RP Kelley, MC (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, 318 Rhodes Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Chau, Jorge/C-7568-2013; Nicolls, Michael/N-8680-2013 OI Chau, Jorge/0000-0002-2364-8892; Nicolls, Michael/0000-0001-8267-6327 NR 9 TC 148 Z9 148 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 4 AR 1158 DI 10.1029/2002GL016321 PG 3 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 663AP UT WOS:000181983000004 ER PT J AU Lee, YW Stanish, I Rastogi, V Cheng, TC Singh, A AF Lee, YW Stanish, I Rastogi, V Cheng, TC Singh, A TI Sustained enzyme activity of organophosphorus hydrolase in polymer encased multilayer assemblies SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID LAYER-BY-LAYER; ULTRATHIN FILMS; POLYELECTROLYTES; IMMOBILIZATION; DEPOSITION; HYDROLYSIS; PESTICIDES; CAPSULES; PROTEINS; SENSORS AB Organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH), immobilized within polyelectrolyte multilayers deposited on glass beads (30-50 mum), showed sustained catalytic activity under ambient conditions for several months. OPH multilayers consist of two priming layers, branched poly(ethylene imine) (BPEI) and polystyrenesulfonate (PSS), followed by five alternating layers of BPEI and OPH. OPH multilayers coated on glass beads demonstrate catalytic activity similar to that of free enzyme, but over a much larger time scale (i.e., months vs hours). Stability of OPH multilayers coated on glass beads were also evaluated after depositing poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) as an outer priming layer for monomer assembly via electrostatic interactions. Three polymerizable monomers, 1,2-dihydroxypropyl methacrylate (DHPM), 1,2-dihydroxypropyl 4-vinylbenzyl ether (DHPVB), and N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (TMSED), were anchored to the outer PAA layer and subsequently polymerized by UV irradiation or base-catalyzed hydrolysis. Polymerized DHPVB and TMSED rendered robust multilayer systems without affecting OPH activity. In aqueous sodium chloride (2 M for 2 h), OPH multilayers stabilized with an outer coating of TMSED remained 27% active as opposed to 0% activity for uncapped systems. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USA, ERDEC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Singh, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6930,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 39 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD FEB 18 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 4 BP 1330 EP 1336 DI 10.1021/la0263065 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 646CR UT WOS:000181017700052 ER PT J AU Oila, J Saarinen, K Wickenden, AE Koleske, DD Henry, RL Twigg, ME AF Oila, J Saarinen, K Wickenden, AE Koleske, DD Henry, RL Twigg, ME TI Ga vacancies and grain boundaries in GaN SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THREADING-EDGE; POSITRON-ANNIHILATION; DISLOCATIONS; LUMINESCENCE; MORPHOLOGY; H-2 AB We have applied a low-energy positron beam to study epitaxial Si-doped GaN layers, where the grain size varies from 0.2 to 2-5 mum. Negatively charged Ga vacancies are found in n-type samples. Their concentration is independent of the grain size, suggesting that Ga vacancies exist in the grain interior. Positrons are observed to get trapped also at other negatively charged centers. The positron trapping rate at these defects correlates with the grain-boundary density. We attribute the observed shallow positron traps, which do not contain open volume, to negatively charged edge-type dislocations which define the grain boundaries. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Helsinki Univ Technol, Phys Lab, FIN-02015 Espoo, Finland. USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Oila, J (reprint author), Helsinki Univ Technol, Phys Lab, POB 1100, FIN-02015 Espoo, Finland. NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 17 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 7 BP 1021 EP 1023 DI 10.1063/1.1542946 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 644KR UT WOS:000180917000007 ER PT J AU Lograsso, TA Ross, AR Schlagel, DL Clark, AE Wun-Fogle, M AF Lograsso, TA Ross, AR Schlagel, DL Clark, AE Wun-Fogle, M TI Structural transformations in quenched Fe-Ga alloys SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE Fe-Ga system; magnetostriction; short-range ordering; x-ray diffraction; intermetallics ID AL ALLOYS AB It has been speculated that the large increase in magnetostriction in Fe-Ga alloys results from local short-range ordering of the Ga atoms along specific crystallographic directions in the disordered Fe structure. The structural transitions associated with different cooling rates from the high temperature disordered state were investigated with X-ray diffraction of oriented single crystals of Fe-19 at% Ga. Results are presented for long-range ordering during slow cooling and indirect evidence of local short-range ordering of Ga atoms in the disordered state when the alloys are quenched is also presented. In the latter case, the short-range ordering of Ga atoms leads to a tetragonal distortion of the lattice. The dependence of the magnetostrictive response of Fe-Ga alloys on thermal history has been found to be directly related to these structural transformations in Fe-19 at% Ga alloys and experimental support for the proposed magnetostriction model based on Ga-Ga pairing along [100] crystallographic directions is presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Met Ceram Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Clark Associates, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Lograsso, TA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Met Ceram Sci, 111 Metals Dev Bldg, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 15 TC 135 Z9 151 U1 1 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD FEB 17 PY 2003 VL 350 IS 1-2 BP 95 EP 101 AR PII S0925-8388(02)00933-7 DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(02)00933-7 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 643XZ UT WOS:000180890000018 ER PT J AU Gaconnet, C Chun, H Lim, M AF Gaconnet, C Chun, H Lim, M TI A case of malaria from the Afghanistan region SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Lim, M (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Div Infect Dis, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM mllim@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 4 BP 534 EP 535 DI 10.1086/367621 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 642AE UT WOS:000180778700025 PM 12567316 ER PT J AU Patel, S Lederman, E Wallace, M AF Patel, S Lederman, E Wallace, M TI Acetazolamide therapy and intracranial pressure SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS; AIDS C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Internal Med, San Diego, CA USA. RP Patel, S (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Clin Invest Dept KCA, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM skpatel@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 4 BP 538 EP 538 DI 10.1086/367646 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 642AE UT WOS:000180778700029 PM 12567320 ER PT J AU Chang, CP Liu, CH Kuo, HC AF Chang, CP Liu, CH Kuo, HC TI Typhoon Vamei: An equatorial tropical cyclone formation SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COLD SURGES; WINTER AB [1] Due to the diminishing Coriolis effect, the belt 300 km either side of the equator has been considered tropical cyclone-free. Typhoon Vamei, which developed near Singapore on 27 December 2001, was the first recorded tropical cyclone formation within 1.5 degrees of the equator. The development was the result of two interacting systems, a weak Borneo vortex that drifted into the southern tip of the South China Sea and remained there for four days, and a strong and persistent cold surge that created the large background cyclonic vorticity at the equator. The probability of a similar equatorial development is estimated to be once every 100-400 years. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Chang, CP (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Code MR-CP, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 15 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 3 AR 1150 DI 10.1029/2002GL016365 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 662FA UT WOS:000181935400001 ER PT J AU Philip, J Hess, P Feygelson, T Butler, JE Chattopadhyay, S Chen, KH Chen, LC AF Philip, J Hess, P Feygelson, T Butler, JE Chattopadhyay, S Chen, KH Chen, LC TI Elastic, mechanical, and thermal properties of nanocrystalline diamond films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE ACOUSTIC-WAVES; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; SILICON CARBON NITRIDE; POLYCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND; THIN-FILMS; YOUNGS MODULUS; CONDUCTIVITY; DIFFUSIVITY; DENSITY; MICROSTRUCTURE AB Nanocrystalline columnar-structured diamond films with column diameters less than 100 nm and thicknesses in the range of 1-5 mum were grown on silicon substrates by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in a microwave plasma reactor with purified methane and hydrogen used as the reactants. Uniform conformal nucleation densities in excess of 10(12) cm(-2) were accomplished prior to growth by seeding with explosively formed nanodiamonds, which resulted in good optical quality films. The film thickness was measured in situ by the laser reflectometry method. The grain size and optical quality of the films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Raman measurements. Broadband surface acoustic wave pulses were used to measure the anomalous dispersion in the layered systems. The experimental dispersion curves were fitted by theory, assuming the diamond film as an isotropic layer on an anisotropic silicon substrate, to determine mean values of the density and Young's modulus of the diamond films. The density was close to the density of single crystal diamond or polycrystalline diamond plates grown by the CVD technique, whereas the Young's modulus varied strongly with the nucleation density between 517 and 1120 GPa. Young's moduli close to the single crystal values were obtained for films grown with a nucleation density greater than or equal to10(12) cm(-2). The thermal diffusivity in these films was measured by the traveling wave technique. The value for similar to3.5-mum-thick nanocrystalline diamond films with nucleation densities greater than or equal to10(12) cm(-2) was similar to7.2 cm(2)/s, whereas those with lower nucleation densities showed a value of similar to5.5 cm(2)/s. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys Chem, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Geocenters Inc, Ft Washington, MD 20639 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Natl Taiwan Univ, Ctr Condensed Matter Sci, Taipei 106, Taiwan. RP Philip, J (reprint author), Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys Chem, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. EM peter.hess@urz.uni-heidelberg.de RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008; Chen, Kuei-Hsien/F-7924-2012; Chen, Li-Chyong/B-1705-2015 OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176; Chen, Li-Chyong/0000-0001-6373-7729 NR 26 TC 189 Z9 191 U1 8 U2 80 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 4 BP 2164 EP 2171 DI 10.1063/1.1537465 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640RU UT WOS:000180702400052 ER PT J AU Paluch, M Roland, CM Gapinski, J Patkowski, A AF Paluch, M Roland, CM Gapinski, J Patkowski, A TI Pressure and temperature dependence of structural relaxation in diglycidylether of bisphenol A SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMIC LIGHT-SCATTERING; SUPERCOOLED EPOXY-RESIN; FRAGILE GLASS FORMERS; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; THERMORHEOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY; FORMING LIQUIDS; TRANSITION; SPECTROSCOPY; VISCOSITY; POLYMERS AB The structural (alpha-) relaxation in diglycidylether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) has been examined using three spectroscopic methods: dielectric spectroscopy (DS), dynamic light scattering-photon correlation spectroscopy (LS), and mechanical spectroscopy. The DS and LS measurements were carried out as a function of both temperature and pressure. Moreover, pressure-volumetemperature measurements were obtained for the DGEBA. These data allow an assessment of the relative contributions of thermal energy and free volume to structural relaxation in DGEBA. The results clearly show a substantial role for both thermal and free volume fluctuations in the dramatic slowing down of the dynamics. The combined temperature- and pressure-dependences of the dielectric and light scattering relaxation times were analyzed using the Avramov equation, implying that the fragility (normalized temperature dependence) is pressure independent over the studied range of pressures. The pressure dependence was the same as measured by the different spectroscopies. Conformance to the time-temperature-pressure superposition principle was also observed for all measurement techniques. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Inst Phys, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. RP Paluch, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 53 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 7 BP 3177 EP 3186 DI 10.1063/1.1538597 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 640RV UT WOS:000180702500024 ER PT J AU Perez-Prado, MT McNelley, TR Swisher, DL Gonzalez-Doncel, G Ruano, OA AF Perez-Prado, MT McNelley, TR Swisher, DL Gonzalez-Doncel, G Ruano, OA TI Texture analysis of the transition from slip to grain boundary sliding in a continuously recrystallized superplastic aluminum alloy SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE aluminum alloys; recrystallization and recovery; grain boundaries; creep; superplasticity ID MG-CU ALLOY; MICROTEXTURE EVOLUTION; ROLLING TEXTURES; STAINLESS-STEEL; EUTECTIC ALLOY; SHEET ALLOY; ZR ALLOY; DEFORMATION; STRAIN; ZN AB An investigation was conducted into the phenomenon of continuous recrystallization in a superplastic Al-5%Ca-5%Zn alloy. The as-processed microstructure includes adjacent regions that have lattice orientations corresponding to the symmetric variants of the most prominent texture component, {2 2 5} <5 5 4>. This orientation is near the copper, or C, component, {1 1 2} <1 1 1>. A cellular dislocation structure with highly disoriented cell walls was present within these regions. Continuous recrystallization during static annealing resulted in the development of distinct boundaries accompanied by retention and sharpening of the texture and the development of a bimodal grain boundary disorientation distribution. The high-angle boundaries (50-62.8degrees) are the interfaces between grains having lattice orientations as symmetric variants of the texture, while the low-angle boundaries (2-15degrees) correspond to a cellular structure within the variants. Such a structure persists during superplastic deformation over a wide range of temperature and strain rate conditions. Both dislocation creep and grain boundary sliding operate simultaneously in response to the applied stress under all testing conditions investigated. The relative contribution of each of these mechanisms varies depending on the testing conditions. This is a consequence of the presence of the variants in the microstructure and their persistence during deformation. Fiber texture formation was not observed during either longitudinal or transverse deformation. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. CSIC, Ctr Nacl Invest Met, Dept Met Fis, Madrid 28040, Spain. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech Engn, 700 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM tmcnelley@nps.navy.mil RI Perez-Prado, Maria Teresa/M-2050-2014; Ruano, Oscar/H-1835-2015 OI Perez-Prado, Maria Teresa/0000-0003-0758-2851; Ruano, Oscar/0000-0001-6368-986X NR 54 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 EI 1873-4936 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 342 IS 1-2 BP 216 EP 230 AR PII S0921-5093(02)00275-7 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00275-7 PG 15 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 621BP UT WOS:000179568900024 ER PT J AU Chin-Bing, SA Warn-Varnas, A King, DB Lamb, KG Teixeira, M Hawkins, JA AF Chin-Bing, SA Warn-Varnas, A King, DB Lamb, KG Teixeira, M Hawkins, JA TI Analysis of coupled oceanographic and acoustic soliton simulations in the Yellow Sea: a search for soliton-induced resonances SO MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Nonlinear Evolution Equations and Wave Phenomena: Computation and Theory CY APR 09-12, 2001 CL ATHENS, GEORGIA DE solitons; resonances; anomalous signal loss ID PARABOLIC EQUATION; PROPAGATION; WAVE AB The area south of the Shandong peninsula has been of great interest to both oceanographers and underwater acousticians due to the measurements of Zhou et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 90 (1991) 2042]. Over a period of years, in the summer, they observed anomalous losses in shallow water acoustic signals. They attributed the losses to acoustic mode conversions produced by solitary internal waves (solitons). Their hypothesis remains unsubstantiated due to a scarcity of oceanographic measurements in this area. In this simulation study the non-hydrostatic, 2.5-dimensional Lamb model was used to generate solitons in an adjacent, deeper area than that examined by Zhou et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 90 (1991) 2042]. Topographic variations and semi-diurnal tidal strength magnitudes were obtained from digital atlases and published data. For summer conditions, the Lamb model simulations showed that the existing semi-diurnal tidal flow over the topographic variations could lead to the formulation of internal bores and solitons. SAR observations of solitons near this region were used to select parameters and initialize the Lamb model. The resulting soliton simulations were comparable to the two-dimensional surface spectra seen in the SAR data. Soliton amplitudes of 2-7 m were indicated. Acoustic studies were made using the highly accurate finite element parabolic equation (FEPE) acoustic model applied to the initial soliton state data generated by the Lamb model. Mode decomposition of the acoustic fields in the deeper region showed that the mode conversions necessary for anomalous signal losses were present. These findings are consistent with the soliton hypothesis made by Zhou et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 90 (1991) 2042]. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V on behalf of IMACS. C1 USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. Univ Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. Planning Syst Inc, Slidell, LA 70458 USA. RP Chin-Bing, SA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Code 7180, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4754 J9 MATH COMPUT SIMULAT JI Math. Comput. Simul. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 62 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 11 EP 20 AR PII S0378-4754(02)00192-1 DI 10.1016/S0378-4754(02)00192-1 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 651JR UT WOS:000181317200003 ER PT J AU Schafer, J Erwin, SC Hansmann, M Song, Z Rotenberg, E Kevan, SD Hellberg, CS Horn, K AF Schafer, J Erwin, SC Hansmann, M Song, Z Rotenberg, E Kevan, SD Hellberg, CS Horn, K TI Random registry shifts in quasi-one-dimensional adsorbate systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SI(111) SURFACE; QUANTUM CHAINS; RECONSTRUCTION; MG; SILICON; WAVE AB The apparent contradiction of one-dimensional adsorbate chains on Si(111) having a 3x2 unit cell and yet a 3x1 diffraction pattern is resolved for the example of Ba/Si(111)-(3x2). Random registry shifts between adsorbate chains are observed in tunneling microscopy, with very short interchain correlation lengths. Fourier analysis provides a natural explanation for a pseudo-(3x1) diffraction pattern. Within density-functional theory such registry shifts can occur with essentially negligible energy cost, leading to entropy-driven, virtually perfect disorder. Substrate states of high symmetry and one-dimensional character are inferred to promote this phenomenon. C1 Univ Augsburg, Inst Phys, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Max Planck Gesell, Fritz Haber Inst, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Univ Oregon, Dept Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. RP Schafer, J (reprint author), Univ Augsburg, Inst Phys, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany. RI Erwin, Steven/B-1850-2009; Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009; Hellberg, C. Stephen/E-5391-2010; Kevan, Stephen/F-6415-2010 OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844; Kevan, Stephen/0000-0002-4621-9142 NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 8 AR 085411 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.085411 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654WN UT WOS:000181520100060 ER PT J AU Zhang, X Bandhu, RS Sooryakumar, R Jonker, BT AF Zhang, X Bandhu, RS Sooryakumar, R Jonker, BT TI High-frequency standing longitudinal acoustic resonances in supported thin films SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SURFACE BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; HELIUM-ATOM SCATTERING; ALKALI-METAL FILMS; PHONONS; EXCITATIONS; LAYERS; MODES; WAVES AB Inelastic light scattering from epitaxial ZnSe films grown on GaAs reveal a large number of near equally spaced phonon modes with characteristic frequencies that depend on the film thickness and scale as the harmonics of a closed-end organ pipe. These periodic excitations that extend well beyond 100 GHz are identified as confined longitudinal acoustic resonances with negligible in-plane wave vector components. The calculated scattering cross sections, which consider the elasto-optic and surface/interface ripple channels in the film and substrate, account for all significant features of the Brillouin spectra. These include the conspicuous appearance of standing wave harmonics only beyond similar to45 GHz and apparent absence of Brillouin peaks related to alternate harmonics. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 7 AR 075407 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.075407 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654MT UT WOS:000181501200056 ER PT J AU Shah, AK Cormier, MH Ryan, WBF Jin, W Sinton, J Bergmanis, E Carlut, J Bradley, A Yoerger, D AF Shah, AK Cormier, MH Ryan, WBF Jin, W Sinton, J Bergmanis, E Carlut, J Bradley, A Yoerger, D TI Episodic dike swarms inferred from near-bottom magnetic anomaly maps at the southern East Pacific Rise SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article DE magnetism; seafloor; East Pacific Rise; intrusion; episodicity ID GEOMAGNETIC INTENSITY VARIATIONS; DE-FUCA RIDGE; MIDOCEAN RIDGES; OCEANIC-CRUST; SUBMERSIBLE OBSERVATIONS; LAYER 2A; COAXIAL SEGMENT; CREST; TELECHEMISTRY; CONSTRUCTION AB [1] Near-bottom, high-resolution magnetic field data gathered at the southern East Pacific Rise near 17degrees28'S, 18degrees14'S, and 18degrees37'S, using the autonomous underwater vehicle Autonomous Benthic Explorer (ABE) echo various geologic structures, including void space within lobate caverns, recent pillow mounds, and hydrothermal vent activity. This study is focused on a magnetic field low extending several kilometers along axis, coincident with a trough created by the draining of a lava lake during a highly effusive fissure eruption at 17degrees28'S. Similar lows are observed at three other drained lava lake troughs, including one which is at least 1800 years old, residing 400 m away from the present-day axis. We attribute these lows to the presence of shallow dike swarms. The degree to which other geologic features may contribute to the lows is constrained using geologic, geophysical, and geochemical observations and forward modeling. Compositional analyses of Alvin samples at 17degrees28'S do not support Fe or Ti variations as a primary source. Hypotheses requiring hydrothermal alteration and porosity variations are both inconsistent with geologic observations and near-bottom gravity data analysis from similar areas. Previous mappings between paleointensity variations and the observed magnetic field over distances of several kilometers from the axis suggest that such variations do not create the field low. The dominant source of the magnetization low is most likely the presence of a 100-200 m wide region of shallow dikes which are poorly magnetized relative to extrusives, or a region heated above magnetic blocking or Curie temperatures by intrusions during the most recent eruption (though the latter interpretation cannot explain the low at the fossil trough). In the first case, this extrusive thinning implies a change in eruptive behavior over the last 750-1500 years given the local spreading rate. For the latter case, thermal models suggest the anomaly had to have been created by a dike swarms totaling at least 45 m width during the most recent eruption(s), corresponding to 300 years of plate spreading. Models indicate that the source of the low is centered slightly east of the axial trough. This offset suggests that the axis has been progressively migrating westward over the past millennium, consistent with other studies covering greater length and timescales. Westward migration provides an explanation for the preferential emplacement of recent lavas flows west of the axis, evident in ABE bathymetry and submersible observations. C1 Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Shah, AK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Phys Branch, Code 7420,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ashah@gur.nrl.navy.mil RI IPGP, Geosciences Marines/F-8780-2010; Sinton, John/L-2815-2013; ipgp, Laboratoire geoscien/F-8471-2010; CARLUT, Julie/F-1662-2017 OI CARLUT, Julie/0000-0002-4493-8530 NR 61 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD FEB 14 PY 2003 VL 108 IS B2 AR 2097 DI 10.1029/2001JB000564 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 662RL UT WOS:000181961800002 ER PT J AU Lin, RQ Chubb, SR AF Lin, RQ Chubb, SR TI A comparison between radar imagery and coupled wave-current model results for a study of northwest Pacific seamount trapped waves SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE coupled wave-current model; radar image; seamount-trapped waves; SAR; detect ability ID MODULATIONS AB [1] This paper demonstrates that a coupled new coastal wave model [Lin and Huang, 1996a, 1996b; Lin and Perrie, 1997, 1999] combined with a coastal current circulation model [Haidvogel and Aike, 1999], accurately predicts the surface features of seamount trapped waves. The environmental conditions, such as wind, buoyancy frequency, bottom topography, latitude, and tidal current are the model-input parameters. We have tested the applicability of the coupled model, using a set of trapped waves in the vicinity of two seamounts in the Northwest Pacific ocean. Our motivation for doing this is to see if it is possible to understand the origin of sea surface manifestations of these seamounts that appear to be present in images derived using a synthetic aperture radar (SAR), from the Russian Kosmos 1870 satellite. Each seamount is about 0.7 km in height and has a 20 km semidiameter width, and the ocean is about 5 km in depth. The model results suggest it is possible to detect these kinds of sea surface signatures from even such small seamounts in deep ocean by radar imagery, directly, at low wind speeds (<1 m/s), and indirectly, at higher wind speeds, from wave-breaking that occurs in the shorter wavelength portions of the spectrum. C1 Carderock, David Taylor Model Basin, Dept Seakeeping, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lin, RQ (reprint author), Carderock, David Taylor Model Basin, Dept Seakeeping, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD FEB 13 PY 2003 VL 108 IS C2 AR 3032 DI 10.1029/2001JC000903 PG 10 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 662GN UT WOS:000181939100001 ER PT J AU Bruguier, NJ Minshull, TA Brozena, JM AF Bruguier, NJ Minshull, TA Brozena, JM TI Morphology and tectonics of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 7 degrees-12 degrees S SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article DE mid-ocean ridge; South Atlantic; crustal structure; gravity anomalies; swath bathymetry ID DE-FUCA RIDGE; SOUTH-ATLANTIC; SPREADING CENTER; HOTSPOT INTERACTIONS; ASCENSION ISLAND; MIDOCEAN RIDGES; OCEANIC-CRUST; MANTLE HETEROGENEITIES; AXIS DISCONTINUITIES; MAGNETIC-ANOMALIES AB [1] We present swath bathymetric, gravity, and magnetic data from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between the Ascension and the Bode Verde fracture zones, where significant ridge-hot spot interaction has been inferred. The ridge axis in this region may be divided into four segments. The central two segments exhibit rifted axial highs, while the northernmost and southernmost segments have deep rift valleys typical of slow-spreading mid-ocean ridges. Bathymetric and magnetic data indicate that both central segments have experienced ridge jumps since similar to1 Ma. Mantle Bouguer anomalies (MBAs) derived from shipboard free air gravity and swath bathymetric data show deep subcircular lows centered on the new ridge axes, suggesting that mantle flow has been established beneath the new spreading centers for at least similar to1 Myr. Inversion of gravity data indicates that crustal thicknesses vary by 4 km along axis, with the thickest crust occurring beneath a large axial volcanic edifice. Once the effects of lithospheric aging have been removed, a model in which gravity variations are attributed entirely to crustal thickness variations is more consistent with data from an axis-parallel seismic line than a model that includes additional along-axis variations in mantle temperature. Both geophysical and geochemical data from the region may be explained by the melting of small (< 200 km) mantle chemical heterogeneities rather than elevated temperatures. Therefore, there may be no Ascension/Circe plume. C1 Univ Cambridge Pembroke Coll, Cambridge CB2 1RF, England. Southampton Oceanog Ctr, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England. USN, Marine Geosci Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Univ Cambridge Pembroke Coll, Trumpington St, Cambridge CB2 1RF, England. EM ca4@pem.cam.ac.uk; tmin@soc.soton.ac.uk; john@qur.nrl.navy.mil RI Minshull, Timothy/D-1147-2010 OI Minshull, Timothy/0000-0002-8202-1379 NR 56 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD FEB 13 PY 2003 VL 108 IS B2 AR 2093 DI 10.1029/2001JB001172 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 662GX UT WOS:000181939900003 ER PT J AU Peiris, SM Russell, TP AF Peiris, SM Russell, TP TI Photolysis of compressed sodium azide (NaN3) as a synthetic pathway to nitrogen materials SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE AB The potential syntheses of pure nitrogen materials may involve photolysis of azide compounds. In this work, compressed solid samples of NaN3 were photolyzed in gem anvil cells at pressures up to 5.0 GPa. Reaction rates and mechanisms for the photolytic processes were studied using single-shot time-resolved (microsecond scale) absorption spectroscopy. Two broad absorption bands due to reaction intermediates were observed at 300 and 700 nm. Tentative assignments of the reaction intermediates and their reaction rates were used to help elucidate the potential for high-pressure syntheses of novel nitrogen structures. Finally, recovered products were analyzed with infrared and Raman vibrational spectroscopy. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Peiris, SM (reprint author), USN, Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Res & Technol Dept, 101 Str Ave, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD FEB 13 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 6 BP 944 EP 947 DI 10.1021/jp025963u PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 672QU UT WOS:000182533500025 ER PT J AU Viollier, E Rabouille, C Apitz, SE Breuer, E Chaillou, G Dedieu, K Furukawa, Y Grenz, C Hall, P Janssen, F Morford, JL Poggiale, JC Roberts, S Shimmield, T Taillefert, M Tengberg, A Wenzhofer, F Witte, U AF Viollier, E Rabouille, C Apitz, SE Breuer, E Chaillou, G Dedieu, K Furukawa, Y Grenz, C Hall, P Janssen, F Morford, JL Poggiale, JC Roberts, S Shimmield, T Taillefert, M Tengberg, A Wenzhofer, F Witte, U TI Benthic biogeochemistry: state of the art technologies and guidelines for the future of in situ survey SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Scientific Meeting on Benthic Dynamics: In Situ Surveillance of the Sediment-Water Interface CY MAR 25-29, 2002 CL UNIV ABERDEEN, ABERDEEN, SCOTLAND HO UNIV ABERDEEN DE sediment; biogeochemistry; in situ technologies; microelectrodes; benthic chambers; optodes; gel peepers ID COMMUNITY OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; PARTICULATE ORGANIC-CARBON; SEDIMENT-WATER INTERFACE; EASTERN NORTH PACIFIC; DEEP-SEA SEDIMENTS; CONTINENTAL-MARGIN SEDIMENTS; DIFFUSIVE BOUNDARY-LAYERS; FINE-SCALE MEASUREMENT; PORE-WATER; MARINE-SEDIMENTS AB Sediment and water can potentially be altered, chemically, physically and biologically as they are sampled at the seafloor, brought to the surface, processed and analysed. As a result, in situ observations of relatively undisturbed systems have become the goal of a growing body of scientists. Our understanding of sediment biogeochemistry and exchange fluxes was revolutionized by the introduction of benthic chambers and in situ micro-electrode profilers that allow for the direct measurement of chemical fluxes between sediment and water at the sea floor and for porewater composition. Since then, rapid progress in the technology of in situ sensors and benthic chambers (such as the introduction of gel probes, voltammetric electrodes or one- and two-dimensional optodes) have yielded major breakthroughs in the scientific understanding of benthic biogeochemistry. This paper is a synthesis of discussions held during the workshop on sediment biogeochemistry at the "Benthic Dynamics: in situ surveillance of the sediment-water interface" international conference (Aberdeen, UK-March 25-29, 2002). We present a review of existing in situ technologies for the study of benthic biogeochemistry dynamics and related scientific applications. Limitations and possible improvement (e.g., technology coupling) of these technologies and future development of new sensors are discussed. There are countless important scientific and technical issues that lend themselves to investigation using in situ benthic biogeochemical assessment. While the increasing availability of these tools will lead research in yet unanticipated directions, a few emerging issues include greater insight into the controls on organic matter (OM) mineralization, better models for the understanding of benthic fluxes to reconcile microelectrode and larger-scale chamber measurements, insight into the impacts of redox changes on trace metal behavior, new insights into geochemical reaction pathways in surface sediments, and a better understanding of contaminant fate in nearshore sediments. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Paris 07, UMR Physico Chim Fluides Geol, Lab Geochim Eaux, F-75251 Paris 05, France. IPGP, F-75251 Paris 05, France. CEA, CNRS, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. SSC San Diego D361, Sediment Management Lab, Div Environm Sci, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. SAMS, Dunstaffnage Marine Lab, Oban PA34 4AD, Argyll, Scotland. Univ Bordeaux 1, DGO, UMR CNRS 5805, F-33405 Talence, France. USN, Res Lab, Seafloor Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. UMR CNRS 6535, Lab Oceanog & Biogeochim, F-13009 Marseille, France. Univ Gothenburg, Dept Analyt & Marine Chem, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. Max Planck Inst Marine Microbiol, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Univ Copenhagen, Marine Biol Lab, DK-3000 Helsingor, Denmark. RP Viollier, E (reprint author), Univ Paris 07, UMR Physico Chim Fluides Geol, Lab Geochim Eaux, F-75251 Paris 05, France. EM viollier@ipgp.jussieu.fr RI Hall, Per/A-8010-2010; Shimmield, Tracy/B-4483-2010; GRENZ, Christian/F-7586-2011; janssen, felix/A-3701-2012; Wood, Chris/I-5638-2012; GRENZ, Christian/I-7830-2012; Furukawa, Yoko/B-3099-2013; Ross, Donald/F-7607-2012; OI janssen, felix/0000-0002-5607-4012; Ross, Donald/0000-0002-8659-3833; GRENZ, Christian/0000-0002-6922-9124; Rabouille, Christophe/0000-0003-1211-717X NR 192 TC 66 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PD FEB 12 PY 2003 VL 285 BP 5 EP 31 AR PII S0022-0981(02)00517-8 DI 10.1016/S0022-0981(02)00517-8 PG 27 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 646GE UT WOS:000181026600002 ER PT J AU Lin, RQ Perrie, W AF Lin, RQ Perrie, W TI Wave-current interactions in an idealized tidal estuary SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE wave-current interactions; time-varying currents and waves; shallow water waves; wave topographic interactions; wave action conservation; nonlinear dispersion ID SEAMOUNT-TRAPPED WAVES; FIEBERLING-GUYOT; NUMERICAL-METHOD; MODEL; WATER; KINEMATICS AB [1] We extended a recently developed model for wave-current interactions by Lin and Huang [1996a, 1996b] to simulate the impact of topography, currents, and slanting coastlines on sea state estimates. Our formulation uses the action conservation equation and the nonlinear dispersion relation, resulting in additional flux terms, partial derivative(c(w)A)/partial derivativew, Apartial derivativec(glambda)/ partial derivativelambda, Apartial derivative (c(gphi)cos phi)/partial derivativephi, and Apartial derivativec(gtheta) /partial derivativetheta, compared to "standard'' wave models such as WAM, where A is spectral action density, c(w) is phase velocity, and c(glambda), c(gphi), and c(gtheta) are group velocities. For large-scale motions in deep water without varying currents, these effects may be neglected. However, for shallow estuary waters with varying currents, we show that these effects can cause as much as 25% variation in wave height estimates during moderate wind conditions. This phenomenon is consistent with observations and theory, for example, regarding isolated topography such as seamounts. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Weap, Carderock Div, Dept Seakeeping, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Ocean Sci Div, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. RP Lin, RQ (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Weap, Carderock Div, Dept Seakeeping, David Taylor Model Basin,9500 MacArthur Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD FEB 8 PY 2003 VL 108 IS C2 AR 3023 DI 10.1029/2001JC001006 PG 18 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 661LX UT WOS:000181893000002 ER PT J AU Gumbel, J Siskind, DE Witt, G Torkar, KM Friedrich, M AF Gumbel, J Siskind, DE Witt, G Torkar, KM Friedrich, M TI Influences of ice particles on the ion chemistry of the polar summer mesosphere SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Review ID ELECTRON-TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE; INCOHERENT-SCATTER RADAR; NOCTILUCENT CLOUDS; D-REGION; CHARGED AEROSOLS; MESOPAUSE REGION; LOWER THERMOSPHERE; UPPER-ATMOSPHERE; LOWER IONOSPHERE; WATER-VAPOR AB [1] In the polar summer mesosphere, charge is distributed over a wide range of constituents closely connected to phenomena like noctilucent clouds (NLCs) and polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSEs). In this paper, we study how the presence of ice particles influences mesospheric ion chemistry, and how this may feed back on the particle population. To this end, we present an ion-chemical model that for the first time features close coupling with cluster growth and ice particle charging. Starting out from molecular ion reactions, the H+ (H2O)(n) proton hydrate chain is described using the Thomson model and Natanson's recombination scheme. Under most mesospheric conditions, electron capture by particles is expected to enhance the lifetimes and concentrations of positive ions and clusters. This has important consequences for the total charge density and mobility in the environment of particle layers. Extending the proton hydrate chain to large cluster sizes, we also quantify the efficiency of ionic nucleation of mesospheric ice particles. While ionic nucleation is not feasible as a major mesospheric nucleation process, it can become efficient given moderate atmospheric variations as induced by gravity waves. This leads to a scenario of rapid generation of populations with many small particles in local temperature minima. We show that electron capture to existing particles can significantly enhance the ionic nucleation of new particles. In summary, there are many potential connections between ion chemistry and layered phenomena in the mesosphere that should be included in comprehensive models of NLC/PMSE. Unfortunately, uncertainties in ionic reaction rates are a persistent problem and in great need of laboratory measurements representative for cold summer mesopause conditions. C1 Univ Space Res Assoc, Washington, DC USA. USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Austrian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, A-8010 Graz, Austria. Graz Tech Univ, Dept Commun & Wave Propagat, A-8010 Graz, Austria. RP Gumbel, J (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Meteorol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM gumbel@misu.su.se; siskind@uap2.nrl.navy.mil; gwitt@misu.su.se; klaus.torkar@oeaw.ac.at; friedrich@inw.tu-graz.ac.at NR 102 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D8 AR 8436 DI 10.1029/2002JD002413 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 661LH UT WOS:000181891700001 ER PT J AU Yan, XD Lvov, Y Ji, HF Singh, A Thundat, T AF Yan, XD Lvov, Y Ji, HF Singh, A Thundat, T TI A general microcantilever surface modification method using a multilayer for biospecific recognition SO ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FLUOROCARBON-HYDROCARBON INTERACTIONS; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; CANTILEVER ARRAY; WETTABILITY; RESONANCE; SENSOR; FILMS AB The key to microcantilever surface modification technology is to selectively modify one side of a microcantilever surface with molecular recognition layers. In this paper, we report a general microcantilever modification method using a multilayer film. C1 Louisiana Tech Univ, Inst Micromfg, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ji, HF (reprint author), Louisiana Tech Univ, Inst Micromfg, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. RI Lvov, Yuri/E-7633-2012 NR 19 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1477-0520 J9 ORG BIOMOL CHEM JI Org. Biomol. Chem. PD FEB 7 PY 2003 VL 1 IS 3 BP 460 EP 462 DI 10.1039/b209944f PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 657MC UT WOS:000181670100007 PM 12926245 ER PT J AU Lean, JL Warren, HP Mariska, JT Bishop, J AF Lean, JL Warren, HP Mariska, JT Bishop, J TI A new model of solar EUV irradiance variability - 2. Comparisons with empirical models and observations and implications for space weather SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE solar; EUV; irradiance; variability ID X-RAY IRRADIANCE; NITRIC-OXIDE EXPLORER; QUIET SUN; REFERENCE SPECTRUM; UPPER-ATMOSPHERE; CYCLE; INDEX; FORMULATION; IONOSPHERE; LINES AB [1] Motivated by the need for reliable specification of the Sun's electromagnetic radiation in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectrum, we have developed a new model of solar EUV irradiance variability at wavelengths from 50 to 1200 Angstrom. Solar images are used to quantify changes in the sources of EUV irradiance during the solar cycle. Optically thin EUV emission line fluxes are estimated from differential emission measures (DEMs) that characterize the properties of the solar atmosphere in the source regions, while fluxes for optically thick lines are modeled directly by specifying the source region contrasts. We compare the new model, NRLEUV, with three different empirical models of solar EUV irradiance since 1975. For solar cycles 21 and 22, NRLEUV predicts overall lower EUV irradiances and smaller solar cycle variability than the empirical models. The average total EUV energy at wavelengths from 50 to 1050 Angstrom is 2.9 mW m(-2), smaller than the HFG, EUVAC, and SOLAR2000 models for which average energies are 3.7, 4.3, and 5.6 mW m 2, respectively. These differences have distinct wavelength dependencies. The solar cycle variation in total EUV energy is 1.9 for NRLEUV compared with 2.7, 2.9, and 2.3 for HFG, EUVAC, and SOLAR2000. Here, too, the differences are wavelength dependent. We compare both the NRLEUV and the empirically modeled EUV irradiances with selected wavelength bands and emission lines measured during 4 years in cycle 21 by Atmospheric Explorer-E (AE-E) and two broad bands at 170-200 and 260-340 Angstrom measured in cycle 23 by the Solar X-Ray Photometer (SXP) on the Student Nitric Oxide Experiment (SNOE) and the Solar EUV Monitor (SEM) on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), respectively. The NRLEUV model reproduces the variations observed during solar rotation better than, or as well as, the empirical models. Comparisons of solar cycle variations are more ambiguous because undetected instrumental drifts can cause spurious trends in the observations over these longer timescales. Drifts in the AE-E instruments may explain why the HFG and EUVAC models, which are based on parameterizations of these data, have larger solar cycle variations than NRLEUV. We assess the implications for space weather of the significant differences among the modeled EUV irradiances by using the Atmospheric Ultraviolet Radiance Integrated Code (AURIC) to quantify corresponding differences in upper atmosphere energy deposition and photoionization rates. C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lean, JL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Lean, Judith/0000-0002-0087-9639 NR 38 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 5 PY 2003 VL 108 IS A2 AR 1059 DI 10.1029/2001JA009238 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 661PX UT WOS:000181899900001 ER PT J AU Manheimer, WM Fliflet, AW St Germain, K Linde, GJ Cheung, WJ Gregers-Hansen, V Danly, BG Ngo, MT AF Manheimer, WM Fliflet, AW St Germain, K Linde, GJ Cheung, WJ Gregers-Hansen, V Danly, BG Ngo, MT TI Initial cloud images with the NRL high power 94 GHz WARLOC radar SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GYROKLYSTRON AMPLIFIER AB [1] The Naval Research Laboratory has recently developed a high power 94 GHz radar with scanning capability, WARLOC. One application has been to image clouds. New capabilities of WARLOC include imaging with greatly improved sensitivity and detail, the ability to detect much lower cloud returns, the capability of using chirped pulses with pulse compression for high range resolution, the rapid generation of high resolution three dimensional images, and the possibility of producing extremely fine scale images with stretch processing. WARLOC is now set up on the western shore of Chesapeake Bay. This letter presents some of the first cloud images obtained. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Manheimer, WM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 11 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD FEB 4 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 3 AR 1103 DI 10.1029/2002GL016507 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 661JD UT WOS:000181886700006 ER PT J AU Chen, WB Metcalf, MD Coop, A Flippen-Anderson, JL Deschamps, JR AF Chen, WB Metcalf, MD Coop, A Flippen-Anderson, JL Deschamps, JR TI 5-Butylthevinone: stereochemistry of the Diels-Alder reaction of 5-butylthebaine with 3-buten-2-one SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-STRUCTURE REPORTS ONLINE LA English DT Article ID OPIUM-ALKALOIDS; THEBAINE; CHEMISTRY AB In this paper, we report on the X-ray analysis of 5-butylthevinone (7alpha-acetyl-4,5alpha-epoxy-3,6-dimethoxy-5beta-butyl-17-methyl-6alpha,14alpha-ethenoisomorphinan), C27H35NO4. This compound is the sole product of a Diels-Alder reaction of 5-butylthebaine with 3-buten-2-one, through attack of the dienophile on the beta-face of the diene, even though it has been suggested that the introduction of 5beta-substituents tends to hinder attack from the beta-face, and leads to the production of exo-etheno adducts through attack from the alpha-face. C1 USN, Struct Matter Lab, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Deschamps, JR (reprint author), USN, Struct Matter Lab, Res Lab, Code 6030, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1600-5368 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR E JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. E.-Struct Rep. Online PD FEB PY 2003 VL 59 BP O114 EP O116 DI 10.1107/S1600536802023413 PN 2 PG 3 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA 640NK UT WOS:000180694700029 ER PT J AU Kailasanath, K AF Kailasanath, K TI Recent developments in the research on pulse detonation engines SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material ID PROPULSION APPLICATIONS; GASEOUS DETONATIONS; SIMULATIONS C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr React Flow & Dynam Syst, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kailasanath, K (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr React Flow & Dynam Syst, Code 6410, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 125 TC 135 Z9 160 U1 6 U2 26 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 41 IS 2 BP 145 EP 159 DI 10.2514/2.1933 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 648ET UT WOS:000181137300001 ER PT J AU Crews, FT Miller, MW Ma, W Nixon, K Zawada, WM Zakhari, S AF Crews, FT Miller, MW Ma, W Nixon, K Zawada, WM Zakhari, S TI Neural stem cells and alcohol SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE stem cell proliferation; neural stem cells; alcohol use; transplantation ID RAT CEREBRAL-CORTEX; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; DENTATE GYRUS; ADULT-RAT; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; PROGENITOR CELLS; DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS; SUBVENTRICULAR ZONE; RECEPTOR ACTIVATION; ETHANOL EXPOSURE AB This article summarizes the proceedings of a symposium held at the 2002 Research Society on Alcoholism Meeting in San Francisco, California. The aim of this symposium was to review research on the effects of ethanol on neural stems cells and neurogenesis. Ethanol is known to alter neurogenesis during development; however, recent studies indicate that the brain forms new neurons from stem cells throughout life. Furthermore, stem cells can be transplanted into the brain, creating exciting new possibilities to study brain function. The symposium covered these research areas. Dr. Michael W. Miller reviewed knowledge on the effects of ethanol on stem cell proliferation and differentiation during development. Dr. Wu Ma described studies in culture indicating that (1) neural stem cells express functional muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAchR), (2) mAchR-mediated proliferation involves Ca2+ signaling and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation, and (3) phosphoinositol-3 kinase is a downstream effector for mAchR-mediated cell proliferation via activation of Akt. Drs. Kim Nixon and Fulton T. Crews followed with in vivo studies on ethanol's effects on adult neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Dr. W. Michael Zawada described studies directed at dopamine neuron cell transplants into mammalian central nervous system. These studies clearly establish that ethanol has significant effects on stem cells. C1 Univ N Carolina, Bowles Ctr Alcohol Studies, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. SUNY Upstate Med Univ, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NIAAA, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Crews, FT (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Bowles Ctr Alcohol Studies, Thurston Bowles Bldg,B7178, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. NR 128 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD FEB PY 2003 VL 27 IS 2 BP 324 EP 335 DI 10.1097/01.ALC.0000042581.46630.C5 PG 12 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 648VW UT WOS:000181172400019 PM 12605082 ER PT J AU Hardaway, CA Graham, BS Barnette, DJ Feldman, BD AF Hardaway, CA Graham, BS Barnette, DJ Feldman, BD TI Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma presenting in an adult - A case report and discussion of immunohistochemical staining SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma; adult; mohs; phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin; MyoD1 ID MALIGNANT TRITON TUMOR; DIAGNOSIS; CELL; DIFFERENTIATION; EMPHASIS AB Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of childhood but is rarely seen in adults. We report an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the cheek in a 21-year-old Filipino man presenting as a rapidly enlarging mass. An incisional biopsy was consistent with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient failed to respond to one cycle of chemotherapy after initial diagnosis and workup for metastatic disease. Wide local excision of the tumor was then completed With the use of the Mons technique to clear the glabrous cutaneous margins during surgery. A Mobs surgeon and dermatopathologist were involved in interpretation of the Mohs sections. Subsequent immunohistochemical staining revealed a poorly differentiated spindled and epithelioid cell tumor, Which stained diffusely positive for vimentin. S-100, and MyoD1. Rare rhabdomyoblasts were present and stained positively for desmin, muscle-specific actin, and phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin. The patient subsequently underwent radiation therapy for a total of 6,000 cGy, followed by two cycles of chemotherapy. The patient continues to be disease-free at 22 months after his wide local excision. C1 USN Hosp, Dept Clin Invest, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Hardaway, CA (reprint author), USN Hosp, Dept Clin Invest, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0193-1091 J9 AM J DERMATOPATH JI Am. J. Dermatopathol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 25 IS 1 BP 45 EP 52 DI 10.1097/00000372-200302000-00010 PG 8 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 639UV UT WOS:000180648500010 PM 12544100 ER PT J AU Chen, Y McCarron, RM Golech, S Bembry, J Ford, B Lenz, FA Azzam, N Spatz, M AF Chen, Y McCarron, RM Golech, S Bembry, J Ford, B Lenz, FA Azzam, N Spatz, M TI ET-1- and NO-mediated signal transduction pathway in human brain capillary endothelial cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE capillary endothelium; endothelin-1; nitric oxide; calcium mobilization; cytoskeleton ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; VASODILATOR-STIMULATED PHOSPHOPROTEIN; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; NITRIC-OXIDE; CA2+ MOBILIZATION; HUMAN NEUTROPHILS; ACTIN-FILAMENTS; PHOSPHORYLATION; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PERMEABILITY AB Previous studies have demonstrated that functional interaction between endothelin (ET)-1 and nitric oxide (NO) involves changes in Ca2+ mobilization and cytoskeleton in human brain microvascular endothelial cells. The focus of this investigation was to examine the possible existence of analogous interplay between these vasoactive substances and elucidate their signal transduction pathways in human brain capillary endothelial cells. The results indicate that ET-1-stimulated Ca2+ mobilization in these cells is dose-dependently inhibited by NOR-1 (an NO donor). This inhibition was prevented by ODQ (an inhibitor of guanylyl cyclase) or Rp-8-CPT-cGMPS (an inhibitor of protein kinase G). Treatment of endothelial cells with 8-bromo-cGMP reduced ET-1-induced Ca2+ mobilization in a manner similar to that observed with NOR-1 treatment. In addition, NOR-1 or cGMP reduced Ca2+ mobilization induced by mastoparan (an activator of G protein), inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, or thapsigargin (an inhibitor of Ca2+-ATPase). Interestingly, alterations in endothelial cytoskeleton (actin and vimentin) were associated with these effects. The data indicate for the first time that the cGMP-dependent protein kinase colocalizes with actin. These changes were accompanied by altered levels of phosphorylated vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein, which were elevated in endothelial cells incubated with NOR-1 and significantly reduced by ODQ or Rp-8-CPT-cGMPS. The findings indicate a potential mechanism by which the functional interrelationship between ET-1 and NO plays a role in regulating capillary tone, microcirculation, and blood-brain barrier function. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Resuscitat Med Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NINDS, Stroke Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Sect Dev Neurobiol, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurosurg, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RP McCarron, RM (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Resuscitat Med Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 42 TC 30 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6143 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-CELL PH JI Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 284 IS 2 BP C243 EP C249 DI 10.1152/ajpcell.00305.2002 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 635LK UT WOS:000180400200001 PM 12529247 ER PT J AU Harff, B AF Harff, B TI No lessons learned from the Holocaust? Assessing risks of genocide and political mass murder since 1955 SO AMERICAN POLITICAL SCIENCE REVIEW LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-RIGHTS; CIVIL-WARS; DEMOCRACY; REPRESSION AB This article reports a test of a structural model of the antecedents of genocide and politicide (political mass murder). A case-control research design is used to test alternative specifications of a multivariate model that identifies preconditions of geno-/politicide. The universe of analysis consists of 126 instances of internal war and regime collapse that began between 1955 and 1997, as identified by the State Failure project. Geno-/politicides began during 35 of these episodes of state failure. The analytic question is which factors distinguish the 35 episodes that led to geno-/politicides from those that did not. The case-control method is used to estimate the effects of theoretically specified domestic and international risk factors measured one year prior to the onset of geno-/politicide. The optimal model includes six factors that jointly make it possible to distinguish with 74% accuracy between internal wars and regime collapses that do and those that do not lead to geno-/politicide. The conclusion uses the model to assess the risks of future episodes in 25 countries. C1 USN Acad, Dept Polit Sci, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. RP Harff, B (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Polit Sci, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. NR 63 TC 190 Z9 190 U1 7 U2 31 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4221 USA SN 0003-0554 J9 AM POLIT SCI REV JI Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 97 IS 1 BP 57 EP 73 PG 17 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA 650ZC UT WOS:000181293900005 ER PT J AU Goldman, ER Anderson, GP Lebedev, N Lingerfelt, BM Winter, PT Patterson, CH Mauro, JM AF Goldman, ER Anderson, GP Lebedev, N Lingerfelt, BM Winter, PT Patterson, CH Mauro, JM TI Analysis of aqueous 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) using a fluorescent displacement immunoassay SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE environmental monitoring; seawater; explosives; fluorescent displacement immunoassay; 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) ID FLOW IMMUNOSENSOR; ANTIBODY AB We report a rapid, simple, and sensitive assay that is potentially amenable to high throughput screening for analysis of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) present in aqueous solutions. The assay is based on the change in fluorescence emission intensity of a fluorescently labeled TNT analogue pre-bound to an anti-TNT antibody that occurs upon its competitive displacement by TNT. The assay can be performed in both cuvette- and 96-well plate-based formats. TNT at a level of 0.5 mug L-1 (0.5 ppb) was detected in phosphate buffered saline; detection improved to 0.05 mug L-1 (0.05 ppb) for TNT dissolved in artificial sea-water. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Goldman, ER (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011 OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893 NR 14 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 375 IS 4 BP 471 EP 475 DI 10.1007/s00216-002-1713-0 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 657HD UT WOS:000181659600001 PM 12610696 ER PT J AU Lund, KL Mahon, RT Tanen, DA Bakhda, S AF Lund, KL Mahon, RT Tanen, DA Bakhda, S TI Swimming-induced pulmonary edema SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSING-CAPACITY; STRESS FAILURE; LUNG-VOLUME; CAPILLARIES; IMMERSION; PRESSURES AB Pulmonary edema of water immersion, which is not associated with aspiration or a closed glottis, is infrequently described in the literature. Swimming-induced pulmonary edema is a syndrome whose pathophysiologic characteristics have not been fully elucidated. Immersion alone has marked effects on central vascular volume, redistribution of pulmonary blood flow, and lung volumes. These changes are more prominent in cold water These changes, coupled with an elevated cardiac output, may expose regions of the capillary bed to high pressures that favor the extravasation of fluid by hydrostatic forces and potential stress failure of the capillaries. Patients with swimming-induced pulmonary edema present with dyspnea, cough, hypoxemia, and occasionally hemoptysis. Physical examination and chest radiographs usually reveal evidence of pulmonary edema. Treatment is symptomatic and conservative. Improvement and resolution of symptoms are usually rapid, with radiographic normalization in 24 to 48 hours. We describe here 3 cases of swimming-induced pulmonary edema. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Pulm Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Naval Operat Med Inst, Pensacola, FL USA. RP Lund, KL (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 25 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 41 IS 2 BP 251 EP 256 DI 10.1067/mem.2003.69 PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 640QE UT WOS:000180698800012 PM 12548277 ER PT J AU Stamper, DM Walch, M Jacobs, RN AF Stamper, DM Walch, M Jacobs, RN TI Bacterial population changes in a membrane bioreactor for graywater treatment monitored by denaturing gradient gel electrophoretic analysis of 16S rRNA gene fragments SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; DNA FRAGMENTS; PCR; BIAS; AMPLIFICATION; RHIZOSPHERE; ENRICHMENT; GLUCOSE AB The bacterial population of a graywater treatment system was monitored over the course of 100 days, along with several wastewater biochemical parameters. The graywater treatment system employed an 1,800-liter membrane bioreactor (MBR) to process the waste, with essentially 100% recycling of the biomass. Graywater feed consisting of 10% galley water and 90% laundry water, selected to approximate the graywater composition on board U.S. Navy ships, was collected offsite. Five-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5), oils and greases (O/G), nitrogen, and phosphorus were monitored in the feed and were found to vary greatly day to day. Changes in the bacterial population were monitored by PCR amplification of region 332 to 518 (Escherichia coli numbering) of the 16S rRNA gene and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of the resultant PCR products. DGGE analysis indicated a diverse and unstable bacterial population throughout the 100-day period, with spikes in feed strength causing significant changes in community structure. Long-term similarity between the communities was 0 to 25%, depending on the method of analysis. In spite of the unstable bacterial population, the MBR system was able to meet effluent quality parameters approximately 90% of the time. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Stamper, DM (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 24 TC 85 Z9 104 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 69 IS 2 BP 852 EP 860 DI 10.1128/AEM.69.2.852-860.2003 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 644PK UT WOS:000180927100017 PM 12571004 ER PT J AU Roy, DNG Orris, G Couchman, LS AF Roy, DNG Orris, G Couchman, LS TI Born series in obstacle scattering SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE born; inhomogeneity; obstacle; scattering ID ITERATIVE SOLUTION; BOUNDARY AB A Born series is derived for obstacle scattering without using integral equations. It is demonstrated that the Born approximation satisfies reciprocity relation manifestly which is not the case if integral, equations are used. Moreover, the determination of a Born term of any order using this approach has several numerical and computational advantages. In addition, since the method does not use integral equations, the solutions obtained are not affected by the interior spectrum of the adjoint problems: (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sachs Freeman Associates Inc, Largo, MD 20774 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Roy, DNG (reprint author), Sachs Freeman Associates Inc, 9315 Largo Dr W, Largo, MD 20774 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0893-9659 J9 APPL MATH LETT JI Appl. Math. Lett. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 16 IS 2 BP 205 EP 210 AR PII S0893-9659(02)00181-7 PG 6 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 652EX UT WOS:000181367800013 ER PT J AU Yousuf, M Qadri, SB Skelton, EF AF Yousuf, M Qadri, SB Skelton, EF TI Evidence for the existence of an unusual structure in the nanorods of InSb SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; HIGH-PRESSURE; III-V; SIZE; SEMICONDUCTORS; TRANSITIONS; TEMPERATURE; CRYSTAL; GROWTH AB Motivated by the recent prediction that InSb nanometer-diameter filaments can exhibit exotic physical properties, we have synthesized this material and have characterized the filaments. In this report, we describe the finding of an unusual phase of InSb. This new phase occurs when an InSb filament has a diameter of less than 100 nm. High-resolution X-ray-diffraction studies of InSb filaments, having radii 33.0 nm, indicate the InSb crystal lattice to be tetragonal, S.G. 14/mmm, with a unit-cell volume 12 times larger than that of the P-tin phase observed in bulk InSb above 2.0 GPa. The density of an InSb nanorod, as calculated from X-ray-diffraction data, is similar to22% more than that of the zinc-blende phase of InSb at ambient conditions, implying that the nanorod experiences a pressure of similar to2 GPa. In contrast, InSb nanorods with radii greater than or equal to50.0 nm are observed to show zinc-blende structure and densities nearly the same as that of the bulk. C1 George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yousuf, M (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 76 IS 2 BP 133 EP 137 DI 10.1007/s00339-002-1444-2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 624VG UT WOS:000179782000001 ER PT J AU Appel, G Ade, H Guerek, AG Stadler, S Mikalo, RP Schmeisser, D AF Appel, G Ade, H Guerek, AG Stadler, S Mikalo, RP Schmeisser, D TI Orientation studies of Si-phthalocyanine sulfonic acids cast on SiOx substrates SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; THIN-FILMS; MOLECULAR-ORIENTATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; POLYPYRROLE FILMS; CHLOROALUMINUM; SPECTROSCOPY AB Layers of dihydroxy silicon phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid and oligo-mu-oxo silicon phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid were prepared by solution-casting methods. The purity of the material was checked by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The orientation of the molecules in respect to the substrate plane was investigated by angle-dependent near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy. The morphology was characterized by atomic force microscopy. Most samples exhibited a significant orientation that was accompanied by crystalline structures; others had no orientation at all with a dominant amorphous morphology. This behavior indicates that several preparation parameters affect the crystallinity and the orientation of the phthalocyanines. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. TUBITAK, Marmara Res Ctr, Dept Chem, TR-41470 Gebze, Turkey. USN, Res Lab, Mat Phys Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Brandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus, Angew Phys Sensorik, D-03013 Cottbus, Germany. RP Ade, H (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Ade, Harald/E-7471-2011 NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 76 IS 2 BP 177 EP 182 DI 10.1007/s003390201320 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 624VG UT WOS:000179782000009 ER PT J AU Johnston, KJ Gaume, RA Fey, AL de Vegt, C Claussen, MJ AF Johnston, KJ Gaume, RA Fey, AL de Vegt, C Claussen, MJ TI The variable radio source T Tauri SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries : general; radio continuum ID STAR-FORMING REGIONS; IMAGING SURVEY; SYSTEM; EMISSION; MULTIPLICITY; OPHIUCHUS; DISK AB Centimeter-wavelength radio observations of the T Tauri system between 1983 and 2001 confirm that the radio emission from the optical star T Tau (T Tau N) has a spectral index of 0.6 and may be attributed to a stellar wind and nonthermal flares that are masked by the thermal emission. Right-circular polarization of 26% is detected in the 2 cm T Tau N emission. The infrared source (T Tau S) is confirmed to be nonthermal and variable in intensity, with a radio spectral index less than or equal to0. T Tau S displays weak extended emission and strong, compact left-circular polarization at wavelengths of 3.7 and 2 cm; the percentage of left-circularly polarized emission is larger at the shorter wavelengths. The 2 cm radio and optical positions of T Tau N are found to be coincident to 13 mas. Relative motion between the two radio sources (T Tau N and S) does not agree in detail with that measured at a wavelength of similar to2 mum. The difference in relative position is as large as 100 mas (15 AU) in declination in the 1980s. The recent IR detection of T Tau S as a binary star with a separation of 50 mas (7 AU) in 1997 December may explain this discrepancy. We suggest a scenario in which the radio emission detected toward T Tau S in our most recent observations (epoch 2001) is located at the position of the less luminous member of this binary system, T Tau Sb. A preliminary estimate of the orbital parameters of this system is an eccentricity of 0.7, semimajor axis 113 mas, inclination 69degrees, period 38.8 yr, and total system mass 5.3 M.. The circular polarization of the centimeter radio emission of T Tau N and T Tau S indicates that the emission from both components is gyrosynchrotron in nature. The opposite sense of circular polarization may indicate that it is dipole in nature. C1 USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP Johnston, KJ (reprint author), USN Observ, 3450 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington, DC 20392 USA. NR 34 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 125 IS 2 BP 858 EP 867 DI 10.1086/345727 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 639NL UT WOS:000180635900033 ER PT J AU Monet, DG Levine, SE Canzian, B Ables, HD Bird, AR Dahn, CC Guetter, HH Harris, HC Henden, AA Leggett, SK Levison, HF Luginbuhl, CB Martini, J Monet, AKB Munn, JA Pier, JR Rhodes, AR Riepe, B Sell, S Stone, RC Vrba, FJ Walker, RL Westerhout, G Brucato, RJ Reid, IN Schoening, W Hartley, M Read, MA Tritton, SB AF Monet, DG Levine, SE Canzian, B Ables, HD Bird, AR Dahn, CC Guetter, HH Harris, HC Henden, AA Leggett, SK Levison, HF Luginbuhl, CB Martini, J Monet, AKB Munn, JA Pier, JR Rhodes, AR Riepe, B Sell, S Stone, RC Vrba, FJ Walker, RL Westerhout, G Brucato, RJ Reid, IN Schoening, W Hartley, M Read, MA Tritton, SB TI The USNO-B catalog SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; catalogs ID PROPER MOTION PROGRAM; COMA CLUSTER; SKY SURVEY; GALAXIES; RELEASE AB USNO-B is an all-sky catalog that presents positions, proper motions, magnitudes in various optical passbands, and star/galaxy estimators for 1,042,618, 261 objects derived from 3,643,201, 733 separate observations. The data were obtained from scans of 7435 Schmidt plates taken for the various sky surveys during the last 50 years. USNO-B1.0 is believed to provide all-sky coverage, completeness down to V = 21, 0."2 astrometric accuracy at J2000, 0.3 mag photometric accuracy in up to five colors, and 85% accuracy for distinguishing stars from nonstellar objects. A brief discussion of various issues is given here, but the actual data are available from the US Naval Observatory Web site and others. C1 USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. CALTECH, Palomar Observ, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. Anglo Australian Observ, UK Schmidt Telescope, Coonabarabran, NSW 2357, Australia. Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. RP USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, POB 1149, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. RI Levison, Harold/C-6061-2013; OI Levison, Harold/0000-0001-5847-8099; Leggett, Sandy/0000-0002-3681-2989 NR 22 TC 1529 Z9 1540 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 125 IS 2 BP 984 EP 993 DI 10.1086/345888 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 639NL UT WOS:000180635900042 ER PT J AU Szkody, P Anderson, SF Schmidt, G Hall, PB Margon, B Miceli, A SubbaRao, M Frith, J Harris, H Hawley, S Lawton, B Covarrubias, R Covey, K Fan, XH Murphy, T Narayanan, V Raymond, S Rest, A Strauss, MA Stubbs, C Turner, E Voges, W Bauer, A Brinkmann, J Knapp, GR Schneider, DP AF Szkody, P Anderson, SF Schmidt, G Hall, PB Margon, B Miceli, A SubbaRao, M Frith, J Harris, H Hawley, S Lawton, B Covarrubias, R Covey, K Fan, XH Murphy, T Narayanan, V Raymond, S Rest, A Strauss, MA Stubbs, C Turner, E Voges, W Bauer, A Brinkmann, J Knapp, GR Schneider, DP TI Two rare magnetic cataclysmic variables with extreme cyclotron features identified in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE novae, cataclysmic variables; stars : individual (SDSS, J155331.12+551614.5, SDSS J132411.57+032050.5) ID AM HERCULIS BINARIES; ACCRETION RATE POLAR; LINE SPECTRUM; WHITE-DWARFS; STARS; FIELD AB Two newly identified magnetic cataclysmic variables discovered in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), SDSS J155331.12+551614.5 and SDSS J132411.57+032050.5, have spectra showing highly prominent, narrow, strongly polarized cyclotron humps with amplitudes that vary on orbital periods of 4.39 and 2.6 hr, respectively. In the former, the spacing of the humps indicates the third and fourth harmonics in a magnetic field of similar to60 MG. The narrowness of the cyclotron features and the lack of strong emission lines imply very low temperature plasmas and very low accretion rates, so that the accreting area is heated by particle collisions rather than accretion shocks. The detection of rare systems like these exemplifies the ability of the SDSS to find the lowest accretion rate close binaries. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Chicago, Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. USN Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Szkody, P (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RI Turner, Edwin/A-4295-2011; Margon, Bruce/B-5913-2012; Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012; OI Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724; Covey, Kevin/0000-0001-6914-7797 NR 32 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 583 IS 2 BP 902 EP 906 DI 10.1086/345418 PN 1 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 639NP UT WOS:000180636300036 ER PT J AU Pusey, ML Gorti, S Forsythe, E Konnert, J AF Pusey, ML Gorti, S Forsythe, E Konnert, J TI AFM studies of salt concentration effects on the (110) surface structure of tetragonal lysozyme crystals SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 NASA, MSFC, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. Univ Space Res Adm, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. USN, Res Lab, Lab Struct Matter, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 43A EP 43A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123800203 ER PT J AU Smith, VF Mahadevan, P AF Smith, VF Mahadevan, P TI Exploring the equilibrium folding properties of human cytoplasmic aconitase SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY MAR 01-05, 2003 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Biophys Soc, Axon Instruments, ALA Sci Instruments C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 SU S BP 501A EP 501A PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 682ZW UT WOS:000183123802460 ER PT J AU Delehanty, JB Ligler, FS AF Delehanty, JB Ligler, FS TI Method for printing functional protein Microarrays SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID GENE-EXPRESSION; ARRAYS; CYTOKINES; GLASS AB Piezoelectric dispensing of proteins from borosilicate glass capillaries is a popular method of protein biochip fabrication that offers the advantages of sample recovery and noncontact with the printing substrate. However little regard has been given to the quantitative aspects of dispensing minute volumes (1 nL or less) at the low protein concentrations (20 mug/mL or less) typically used in microprinting. Specifically, loss of protein sample due to nonspecific adsorption to the glass surface of the dispensing capillaries can limit the amount Of protein delivered to the substrate. We demonstrate the benefits of a low ionic strength buffer containing the carrier protein BSA that effectively minimizes the ionic strength-dependent phenomenon of nonspecific protein adsorption to borosilicate glass. Over the concentration range of 20-2.5 mug/mL, the dispensing of a reference IgG in 10 mMPBS including 0.1% BSA resulted in the deposition of 3.6- to 44-fold more IgG compared to the deposition of IgG in standard 150 mM PBS in the absence of BSA. Furthermore, when the IgG was dispensed with carrier protein, the resulting spots exhibited a more uniform morphology. In a direct immunoassay for cholera toxin, capture antibody spots dispensed in 10 mMPBS containing 0.1% BSA produced fluorescent signals that were 2.8- to 4.3-fold more intense than antibody spots that were dispensed in 150 mMPBS without BSA. Interestingly, no differences were observed in the specific activities of the capture antibodies as a result of printing in the different buffers. The implications of these results on the future development of protein biochips are discussed. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ligler, FS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 14 TC 41 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 10 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 USA SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD FEB PY 2003 VL 34 IS 2 BP 380 EP + PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 643ZB UT WOS:000180892500019 PM 12613260 ER PT J AU Krueger, JM Majde, JA Obal, F AF Krueger, JM Majde, JA Obal, F TI Sleep in host defense SO BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Scientific Meeting on Biological Mechanisms of Psychosocial Effects on Diseases (BiMPED) CY FEB 28-MAR 01, 2002 CL BETHESDA, MD DE sleep; infection; cancer; cytokines; GHRH; interleukin-1; tumor necrosis factor; nitric oxide; influenza; muramyl peptide ID HORMONE-RELEASING-HORMONE; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; FACTOR-KAPPA-B; SLOW-WAVE SLEEP; NITRIC-OXIDE; TNF-ALPHA; INFLUENZA INFECTION; HUMORAL REGULATION; INTERFERON-ALPHA; NATURAL-KILLER AB Sleep remains an important enigma in neurobiology; it has a robust adaptive value yet its function remains elusive. Changes in sleep are hallmarks of the acute phase response to infectious challenge. The molecular regulation of these responses involves a cytokine cascade within brain, including interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor, and several other substances such as growth hormone releasing hormone, prolactin, nitric oxide and nuclear factor kappaB. These substances are also involved in the regulation of normal spontaneous sleep. Fatigue and sleep disturbances are common in cancer patients and in those receiving cytokine therapy. Regardless, the role of sleep in cancer is relatively uninvestigated. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet & Comparat Anat Pharmacol & Physiol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. Univ Szeged, Albert Szent Gyorgyi Med Ctr, Dept Physiol, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary. RP Krueger, JM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet & Comparat Anat Pharmacol & Physiol, POB 646520, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM krueger@vetmed.wsu.edu FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD36520]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS25378, NS31453, NS27250] NR 62 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0889-1591 J9 BRAIN BEHAV IMMUN JI Brain Behav. Immun. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 17 SU 1 BP S41 EP S47 AR PII S0889-1591(02)00065-X PG 7 WC Immunology; Neurosciences SC Immunology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 660AQ UT WOS:000181812100008 PM 12615185 ER PT J AU Moninger, WR Mamrosh, RD Pauley, PM AF Moninger, WR Mamrosh, RD Pauley, PM TI Automated meteorological reports from commercial aircraft SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; WIND; TEMPERATURE; FORECASTS; ACCURACY AB The more than 170,000 observations per day, from aircraft worldwide are improving both computer-generated and human-made weather forecasts. C1 NOAA, Forecast Syst Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. NOAA, NWS Forecase Off, Green Bay, WI USA. USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Moninger, WR (reprint author), NOAA, Forecast Syst Lab, 325 Broadway,R-FSI, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RI moninger, william/G-4910-2015 OI moninger, william/0000-0003-0716-4721 NR 46 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 BP 203 EP 216 DI 10.1175/BAMS-84-2-203 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 649CH UT WOS:000181189000018 ER PT J AU Revercomb, HE Turner, DD Tobin, DC Knuteson, RO Feltz, WF Barnard, J Bosenberg, J Clough, S Cook, D Ferrare, R Goldsmith, J Gutman, S Halthore, R Lesht, B Liljegren, J Linne, H Michalsky, J Morris, V Porch, W Richardson, S Schmid, B Splitt, M Van Hove, T Westwater, E Whiteman, D AF Revercomb, HE Turner, DD Tobin, DC Knuteson, RO Feltz, WF Barnard, J Bosenberg, J Clough, S Cook, D Ferrare, R Goldsmith, J Gutman, S Halthore, R Lesht, B Liljegren, J Linne, H Michalsky, J Morris, V Porch, W Richardson, S Schmid, B Splitt, M Van Hove, T Westwater, E Whiteman, D TI The ARM program's water vapor intensive observation periods - Overview, initial accomplishments, and future challenges SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RAMAN LIDAR; METEOROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS; ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION; PRECIPITABLE WATER; COOLING RATES; GPS; TEMPERATURE; AEROSOLS; ACCURACY; NETWORK AB Results from a series of experiments focused on the lower troposphere have pointed,the way to significantly improving the accuracy of water vapor measurements. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Hamburg, Germany. Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Lexington, MA USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. Univ Colorado, Cooperat Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Turner, DD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Linne, Holger/J-8510-2014 OI Linne, Holger/0000-0003-3188-0429 NR 50 TC 101 Z9 109 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 84 IS 2 BP 217 EP 236 DI 10.1175/BAMS-84-2-217 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 649CH UT WOS:000181189000019 ER PT J AU Healy, LM AF Healy, LM TI Orbit propagation with Lie transfer maps in the perturbed Kepler problem SO CELESTIAL MECHANICS & DYNAMICAL ASTRONOMY LA English DT Article DE Lie transformation; orbit propagation; computer algebra AB The Lie transfer map method may be applied to orbit propagation problems in celestial mechanics. This method, described in another paper, is a perturbation method applicable to Hamiltonian systems. In this paper, it is used to calculate orbits for zonal perturbations to the Kepler (two-body) problem, in both expansion in the eccentricity and closed form. In contrast with a normal form method like that of Deprit, the Lie transformations here are used to effect a propagation of phase space in time, and not to transform one Hamiltonian into another. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Healy, LM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 8233, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-2958 J9 CELEST MECH DYN ASTR JI Celest. Mech. Dyn. Astron. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 85 IS 2 BP 175 EP 207 DI 10.1023/A:1022055721875 PG 33 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics GA 638GK UT WOS:000180563100003 ER PT J AU Chrisey, DB Pique, A McGill, RA Horwitz, JS Ringeisen, BR Bubb, DM Wu, PK AF Chrisey, DB Pique, A McGill, RA Horwitz, JS Ringeisen, BR Bubb, DM Wu, PK TI Laser deposition of polymer and biomaterial films SO CHEMICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID FREE-ELECTRON LASERS; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE) FILMS; IMPLANTATION TECHNIQUES LIMIT; FLUOROPOLYMER THIN-FILMS; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ABLATION DEPOSITION; ASSISTED DEPOSITION; MOLECULAR IMPLANTATION; EVAPORATION MAPLE; XECL LASER C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Seton Hall Univ, S Orange, NJ 07079 USA. So Oregon Univ, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. RP USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 136 TC 367 Z9 369 U1 7 U2 59 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0009-2665 EI 1520-6890 J9 CHEM REV JI Chem. Rev. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 103 IS 2 BP 553 EP 576 DI 10.1021/cr010428w PG 24 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 645QB UT WOS:000180988900010 PM 12580642 ER PT J AU Gould, MT Langworthy, MJ Santore, R Provencher, MT AF Gould, MT Langworthy, MJ Santore, R Provencher, MT TI An analysis of orthopaedic liability in the acute care setting SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PHYSICIANS; RESIDENTS; CLAIMS AB The risk of litigation in the emergency room is not directly proportional to the severity of injury. In fact, the risk of initiation of legal action is greater in cases of relatively modest permanent and partial disability. In these cases, failure to obtain and document informed consent, failure to effectively communicate with the patient and family, and failure to assure followup and prompt assessment of complications are the factors that have most frequently led to litigation. Orthopaedic surgery ranks fifth among medical specialties in the total number of claims filed and also fifth in the cumulative amount of financial payments. Approximately 30% of filed cases ultimately result in some form of financial payment. The driving force behind litigation is financial gain for plaintiff's attorneys and compensation for plaintiffs. The motive is not the improvement of medical delivery systems or individual behavior. Access to useful data of a le" gal nature is extremely difficult. Only a small number of cases go on to a jury-based decision of public record. It is difficult to get accurate and complete information on the total number of cases filed, cases withdrawn, terms of settlements, and arbitrations because of the confidential nature of the settlement process. C1 USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. UCSD, Dept Orthopaed, San Diego, CA USA. Sharp Mem Hosp & Rehabil Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. RP Gould, MT (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 112, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 22 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD FEB PY 2003 IS 407 BP 59 EP 66 DI 10.1097/01.blo.0000049697.69467.81 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 643UJ UT WOS:000180878600011 PM 12567130 ER PT J AU Whitworth, HA Othieno, M Barton, O AF Whitworth, HA Othieno, M Barton, O TI Failure analysis of composite pin loaded joints SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID LAMINATED COMPOSITES; STRENGTH; CRITERION; TENSILE; HOLE AB An analysis was performed to evaluate the bearing strength of pin-loaded composite joints. The analysis involved using the Chang-Scott-Springer characteristic curve model and a two-dimensional finite element analysis to evaluate the stress distribution around the fastener hole. Characteristic lengths in tension and compression were evaluated by applying the point stress failure criterion to a center notch plate subjected to tensile loading and a plate containing a circular inclusion subjected to compressive loading. The Yamada-Sun failure criterion was used to evaluate joint failure. The results were compared with available experimental data and good correlation observed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Howard Univ, Coll Engn Architecture & Comp Sci, Dept Mech Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA. LSI Log Corp, Milpitas, CA 95035 USA. USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Whitworth, HA (reprint author), Howard Univ, Coll Engn Architecture & Comp Sci, Dept Mech Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA. NR 21 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0263-8223 J9 COMPOS STRUCT JI Compos. Struct. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 59 IS 2 BP 261 EP 266 AR PII S0263-8223(02)00056-9 DI 10.1016/S0263-8223(02)00056-9 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 636BP UT WOS:000180434900009 ER PT J AU McCafferty, E AF McCafferty, E TI Semiconductor aspects of the passive oxide film on aluminum as modified by surface alloying SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ION-IMPLANTED ALUMINUM; PIT INITIATION; CORROSION; BLISTER; RUPTURE; METALS AB For a series of binary aluminum surface alloys prepared by ion implantation, the critical pitting potential is a linear function of the isoelectric point of the oxide of the alloying element in the binary alloy. This follows by first showing that the critical pitting potential is a linear function of the flat-band potential of the oxide-covered surface. The flat-band potential is shown to be a linear function of the isoelectric point of the oxide film on the alloy surface. Use is then made of the mixing rule to relate the isoelectric point of the mixed oxide on the binary alloy to the isoelectric point of its constituent oxides (the oxide of the alloying element plus Al2O3). For a series of ion-implanted binary aluminum surface alloys, there is good agreement between the predicted and experimental pitting potentials, given the simplifying assumptions that have been made. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP McCafferty, E (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 22 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0010-938X J9 CORROS SCI JI Corrosion Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 45 IS 2 BP 301 EP 308 AR PII S0010-938X(02)00095-1 DI 10.1016/S0010-938X(02)00095-1 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 616PQ UT WOS:000179312500005 ER PT J AU Weber, RO Aha, DW AF Weber, RO Aha, DW TI Intelligent delivery of military lessons learned SO DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE knowledge management; lessons learned systems; just-in-time knowledge; case-based reasoning; noncombatant evacuation operations ID KNOWLEDGE; SYSTEMS AB Lessons learned systems (LLS) are a common knowledge management (KM) initiative among the American government agencies (e.g., Department of Defense (DOD), Department of Energy (DOE), NASA). An effective lessons learned (LL) process can substantially improve decision processes, thus representing an essential chapter in a knowledge-sharing digital government. Unfortunately, these systems typically fail to deliver lessons when and where they are needed. In this paper, we introduce, describe, and empirically evaluate the monitored distribution (MD) approach for the active delivery of lessons learned. Our results show that this just-in-time information delivery approach, embedded in a decision support system (DSS) for plan authoring, significantly improved plan execution performance measures. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Drexel Univ, Coll Informat Sci & Technol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USN, Res Lab, Navy Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Drexel Univ, Coll Informat Sci & Technol, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM Rosina.Weber@drexel.edu NR 38 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9236 EI 1873-5797 J9 DECIS SUPPORT SYST JI Decis. Support Syst. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 34 IS 3 BP 287 EP 304 AR PII S0167-9236(02)00122-7 DI 10.1016/S0167-9236(02)00122-7 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA 619JN UT WOS:000179473000005 ER PT J AU Hart, RW White, HS Dunn, B Rolison, DR AF Hart, RW White, HS Dunn, B Rolison, DR TI 3-D microbatteries SO ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE battery; three-dimensional microbattery; energy storage; finite-element simulation; current distribution ID STORAGE AB Batteries based on three-dimensional (3-D) microstructures are shown to offer significant advantages (e.g., small areal footprint, short diffusion lengths) in comparison to thin film devices for powering microelectromechanical systems and miniaturized electronic devices. A key limitation in all 3-D periodic cell architectures is the inherent non-uniform current density. Finite-element simulations of the current and potential in several cathode/anode array configurations are presented to illustrate the difficulty in obtaining relatively uniform current densities in 3-D batteries based on periodic elements. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Chem, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP White, HS (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Chem, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. NR 13 TC 102 Z9 107 U1 4 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1388-2481 J9 ELECTROCHEM COMMUN JI Electrochem. Commun. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 5 IS 2 BP 120 EP 123 DI 10.1016/S1388-2481(02)00556-8 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 653GZ UT WOS:000181428000004 ER PT J AU Colella, KJ Keith, WL AF Colella, KJ Keith, WL TI Measurements and scaling of wall shear stress fluctuations SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID TURBULENT BOUNDARY-LAYER; VISCOUS SUBLAYER; VELOCITY; FIELD; FLOW AB Measurements of velocity and wall shear stress fluctuations were made in an external turbulent boundary layer developed over a towed surface-piercing flat plate. An array of eight flush-mounted wall shear stress sensors was used to compute the space-time correlation function. A methodology for in situ calibration of the sensors for ship hydrodynamic applications is presented. The intensity of the wall shear stress fluctuations, tau(rms)/tau(avg), was measured as 0.25 and 0.36 for R-0=3,150 and 2,160 respectively. The probability density is shown to exhibit positive skewness, and lack of flow reversals at the wall. Correlations between velocity and wall shear stress fluctuations are shown to collapse with outer boundary layer length and velocity scales, verifying the existence of large-scale coherent structures which convect and decay along the wall at an angle of inclination varying from 10 to 13degrees over the range of Reynolds numbers investigated. The wall shear stress convection velocity determined from narrow band correlation measurements is shown to scale with outer variables. The space-time correlation of the wall shear is shown to exhibit a well-defined convective ridge, and to decay 80% over approximately 36 for R-theta=3,150. C1 US Coast Guard Acad, Dept Engn, New London, CT 06320 USA. USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Submarine Sonar Dept, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Colella, KJ (reprint author), US Coast Guard Acad, Dept Engn, New London, CT 06320 USA. NR 28 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0723-4864 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD FEB PY 2003 VL 34 IS 2 BP 253 EP 260 DI 10.1007/S00348-002-0552-2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 655FL UT WOS:000181540600009 ER PT J AU Bendler, JT Fontanella, JJ Shlesinger, MF AF Bendler, JT Fontanella, JJ Shlesinger, MF TI Why conductivity decreases with pressure in ion-doped polymers SO FRACTALS-COMPLEX GEOMETRY PATTERNS AND SCALING IN NATURE AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID VOGEL AB The relaxation time scale in glassy materials is derived within a model of anomalous defect. diffusion. The effect of the defects on ion-doped polymeric glasses is to produce a stretched exponential waiting time distribution for ion jumps. The characteristic time scale for ion jumps is connected to the temperature and pressure dependent concentration of mobile defects. The resultant expression for ionic conductivity is compared with experimental results for the polymer electrolyte poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) containing LiCF3SO3. C1 USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Off Naval Res, Div Phys Sci, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Bendler, JT (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0218-348X J9 FRACTALS JI Fractals-Complex Geom. Patterns Scaling Nat. Soc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 11 SU S BP 93 EP 97 DI 10.1142/S0218348X03001756 PG 5 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Mathematics; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 663EE UT WOS:000181992600012 ER PT J AU Hoffman, RD Adams, BD AF Hoffman, RD Adams, BD TI Antimicrobial management of mutilating hand injuries SO HAND CLINICS LA English DT Article ID OPEN FRACTURES; BONE LOSS; PROPHYLAXIS; SURGERY; IRRIGATION; WOUNDS; PREVENTION; BACITRACIN; INFECTION AB The current role of antimicrobial drugs in the treatment of mutilating hand injuries is controversial. This article reviews the historic and current literature on the bacteriology of the mutilated hand and the use of antibiotics. Guidelines for systemic and topical antibiotic use are presented along with their potential hazards. C1 Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. USN Hosp, Dept Orthopaed, Jacksonville, FL 32214 USA. RP Adams, BD (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Lower Level,Pappajohn Pavil,200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0749-0712 J9 HAND CLIN JI Hand Clin. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 19 IS 1 BP 33 EP + AR PII S0749-0712(02)00055-0 DI 10.1016/S0749-0712(02)00055-0 PG 8 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 662PT UT WOS:000181956900004 PM 12683444 ER PT J AU Cranch, GA Nash, PJ Kirkendall, CK AF Cranch, GA Nash, PJ Kirkendall, CK TI Large-scale remotely interrogated arrays of fiber-optic interferometric sensors for underwater acoustic applications SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM); fiber laser; fiber-optic sensor; multiplexing; optical hydrophone; sonar; time-division multiplexing (TDM) ID PHASE-GENERATED CARRIER; OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS; INTENSITY NOISE; LASER; FREQUENCY; TRANSDUCTION; REDUCTION; FEEDBACK; SYSTEMS AB The fiber-optic interferometric acoustic sensor array has established itself as a potential alternative to the conventional sonar array based on electroceramic transducers. In this paper, we discuss all the aspects of a large-scale fiber-optic interferometric sensor array. We review the basic operating principles of the fiber-optic interferometric sensor, signal processing, and multiplexing techniques, we present results from a noise model for a full size system, and we determine the benefit of incorporating a remotely-pumped optical amplifier in the array. As a practical example we describe the design and construction of a prototype array with 96 hydrophones incorporating a remotely pumped erbium-doped fiber amplifier, called the fiber-optic bottom mounted array, which is based on a dense wavelength division and time division multiplexed architecture. These arrays have applications in military sonar and seismic surveying. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. SFA Inc, Largo, MD 20774 USA. QinetiQ Sensors & Elect, Winfrith Technol Ctr, Dorchester, Dorset, England. RP Cranch, GA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 49 TC 67 Z9 77 U1 5 U2 16 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 3 IS 1 BP 19 EP 30 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2003.810102 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 755WU UT WOS:000187435100004 ER PT J AU King, MD Menzel, WP Kaufman, YJ Tanre, D Gao, BC Platnick, S Ackerman, SA Remer, LA Pincus, R Hubanks, PA AF King, MD Menzel, WP Kaufman, YJ Tanre, D Gao, BC Platnick, S Ackerman, SA Remer, LA Pincus, R Hubanks, PA TI Cloud and aerosol properties, precipitable water, and profiles of temperature and water vapor from MODIS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE aerosols; aqua; clouds; meteorology; remote sensing; satellite applications; Terra; terrestrial atmosphere; water vapor ID RESOLUTION IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER; RETRIEVAL; SOUNDINGS; ALGORITHM; SOUNDER; 1ST AB The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is an earth-viewing sensor that flies on the Earth Observing System Terra and Aqua satellites, launched in 1999 and 2002, respectively. MODIS scans a swath width of 2330 km that is sufficiently wide to provide nearly complete global coverage every two days from a polar-orbiting, sun-synchronous, platform at an altitude of 705 km. MODIS provides images in 36 spectral bands between 0.415 and 14.235 mum with spatial resolutions of 250 m (two bands), 500 m (five bands), and 1000 m (29 bands). These bands have been carefully selected to enable advanced studies of land, ocean, and atmospheric properties. Twenty-six bands are used to derive atmospheric properties such as cloud mask, atmospheric profiles, aerosol properties, total precipitable water, and cloud properties. In this paper we describe each of these atmospheric data products, including characteristics of each of these products such as file size, spatial resolution used in producing the product, and data availability. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Earth Sci Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Wisconsin, NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Sci & Technol Lille, Opt Atmospher Lab, Villeneuve Dascq, France. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lab Atmospheres, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NOAA, Climate Diagnost Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP King, MD (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Earth Sci Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RI Menzel, W. Paul/B-8306-2011; King, Michael/C-7153-2011; Ackerman, Steven/G-1640-2011; Platnick, Steven/J-9982-2014; Pincus, Robert/B-1723-2013 OI Menzel, W. Paul/0000-0001-5690-1201; King, Michael/0000-0003-2645-7298; Ackerman, Steven/0000-0002-4476-0269; Platnick, Steven/0000-0003-3964-3567; Pincus, Robert/0000-0002-0016-3470 NR 25 TC 526 Z9 539 U1 5 U2 69 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD FEB PY 2003 VL 41 IS 2 BP 442 EP 458 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2002.808226 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 671ZB UT WOS:000182494600026 ER PT J AU Gao, BC Yang, P Li, RR AF Gao, BC Yang, P Li, RR TI Detection of high clouds in polar regions during the daytime using the MODIS 1.375-mu m channel SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE atmosphere; cirrus cloud; remote sensing ID IMAGING SPECTROMETER DATA; COVER ANALYSIS; SURFACE; CLASSIFICATION AB Identification of clouds over earth's polar regions is difficult from satellite radiometric measurements in the visible and infrared (IR) atmospheric window regions because of the high albedos of snow- and ice-covered surfaces in the visible and the low-temperature contrast between the surface and the troposphere in the IR. The Moderate Resolution Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MODIS) on the Terra Spacecraft has a near-IR channel located within the strong water vapor absorption regions close to 1.38 mum. This channel was originally designed for remote sensing of high-altitude clouds in the tropical and mid-latitude regions. In this paper, we report that this channel is also quite useful for detecting high clouds in polar regions during the daytime. Comparisons with IR emission techniques for polar cloud detections are also presented. C1 USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Gao, BC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Yang, Ping/B-4590-2011 NR 22 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD FEB PY 2003 VL 41 IS 2 BP 474 EP 481 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2002.808290 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 671ZB UT WOS:000182494600028 ER PT J AU Rauscher, C AF Rauscher, C TI Reconfigurable bandpassfilter with a three-to-one switchable passband width SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE bandpass; discrete tuned; microwave filter; miniature; reconfigurable; switched; tunable ID FILTERS AB A reconfigurable bandpass filter is described that aims to preserve the optimal performance of a broad-band system under changing signal conditions. It does so by allowing the passband width of the system's receiver to adapt. The filter can be switched between two discrete states with widely differing bandwidths of 500 and 1500 MHz, respectively, while keeping the passband responses centered at 10 GHz. The physical implementation comprises a hybrid-integrated microstrip circuit on a 0.010-in-thick quartz substrate. The circuit employs commercial beam-lead p-i-n diodes to switch fixed-valued reactance elements. Despite the presence of semiconductor switching devices, the filter. behaves very linearly, exhibiting measured passband third-order output-referenced intercept points that exceed 46 dBm in both switched states. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rauscher, C (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 68501-1, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 3 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 51 IS 2 BP 573 EP 577 DI 10.1109/TMTT.2002.807818 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 645LZ UT WOS:000180980100035 ER PT J AU Manheimer, WM Antonsen, TM Calame, JP Danly, BG Freund, HP Levush, B AF Manheimer, WM Antonsen, TM Calame, JP Danly, BG Freund, HP Levush, B TI Electron and ion noise in microwave tubes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science CY JUN, 2002 CL BANFF, CANADA SP IEEE DE electron noise; ion noise; microwave tube noise ID GHZ GYROKLYSTRON AMPLIFIER; SHOT-NOISE; AVERAGE POWER; FREQUENCY AB In nearly any application of a microwave tube, noise characteristics are important figures of merit. This paper reviews and presents new results of recent studies of such noise. The areas discussed are ion noise in linear beam tubes, one of the oldest studied noise phenomena, and electron noise in gyroklystrons, one of the newest areas of interest. C1 USN, Res Lab, NRL, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USN, Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. RP Manheimer, WM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, NRL, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Antonsen, Thomas/D-8791-2017 OI Antonsen, Thomas/0000-0002-2362-2430 NR 33 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 31 IS 1 BP 32 EP 39 DI 10.1109/TPS.2003.80889 PN 1 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 663XR UT WOS:000182032700006 ER PT J AU Bhutani, KR Khan, B AF Bhutani, KR Khan, B TI Optimal distribution of a hierarchy of network management agents SO INFORMATION SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE distributed hierarchy; network management; multi-agent system AB In this paper, we consider several mathematical and algorithmic problems which arise naturally in the optimal deployment of, modern network management systems. Specifically, we will consider the problem of minimizing the total communication costs within an architecture consisting of a distributed hierarchy of cooperating intelligent agents. We consider several communication cost models, and describe provable optimal schemes for distributing agents among machines in each of these models. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bhutani, KR (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Math, Washington, DC 20064 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0020-0255 J9 INFORM SCIENCES JI Inf. Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 149 IS 4 BP 235 EP 248 AR PII S0020-0255(02)00268-2 DI 10.1016/S0020-0255(02)00268-2 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA 648WU UT WOS:000181174700002 ER PT J AU Sternberg, O Moller, KD Grebel, H Stewart, KP Henry, RM AF Sternberg, O Moller, KD Grebel, H Stewart, KP Henry, RM TI Inductive cross shaped metal meshes on silicon substrate SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Thin inductive metal meshes on silicon substrate have been studied in the infrared spectral region. The wavelength-dependent transmissions of meshes with cross shaped, square shaped, rectangular shaped openings, and meshes with grating pattern were measured. The resonance wavelength and width of resonance were determined for various geometries of the openings. The Micro-Stripes program was used for the calculation of resonance wavelength and width of resonance of cross shaped metal meshes and best-fit formulas were developed for the presentation of the data. The dependence on the shape of the opening was studied for free standing thin meshes and meshes on a silicon substrate. The Wood anomaly was studied experimentally for cross, square, rectangular shaped meshes and for gratings on silicon substrate. A simple model for the dependence of the Wood anomaly on the refractive index is presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. New Jersey Inst Technol, Elect Imaging Ctr, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Moller, KD (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 44 IS 1 BP 17 EP 25 AR PII S1350-4495(02)00181-0 DI 10.1016/S1350-4495(02)00181-0 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 614YC UT WOS:000179218200003 ER PT J AU Hashim, AS AF Hashim, AS TI The Israeli-Turkish entente SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES LA English DT Book Review C1 USN, War Coll, Strateg Res Dept, Newport, RI USA. RP Hashim, AS (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Strateg Res Dept, Newport, RI USA. RI Hashim, Ahmed/G-3695-2016 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4221 USA SN 0020-7438 J9 INT J MIDDLE E STUD JI nnt. J. Middle East Stud. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 35 IS 1 BP 196 EP 198 DI 10.1017/S0020743803480070 PG 3 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA 662BM UT WOS:000181925900037 ER PT J AU Feuille, F Knapp, CI Brunsvold, MA Mellonig, JT AF Feuille, F Knapp, CI Brunsvold, MA Mellonig, JT TI Clinical and histologic evaluation of bone-replacement grafts in the treatment of localized alveolar ridge defects. Part 1: Mineralized freeze-dried bone allograft SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PERIODONTICS & RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID AUGMENTATION AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of mineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA) in conjunction with a titanium-reinforced expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (TR e-PTFE) barrier in the treatment of localized alveolar ridge deficiencies prior to endosseous dental implant placement. Twelve patients (aged 23 to 65 years) requiring tooth replacement with ridge augmentation were recruited to participate in this study. During ridge augmentation surgery, measurements were made prior to grafting with FDBA plus a TR e-PTFE barrier. Six months later, ridge measurements were repeated, and suitability for implant placement was assessed. At each implant site, a biopsy was taken from the grafted site. The implants were placed and allowed to osseointegrate for 13 weeks prior to phase-two surgery. Clinical data analyzed were horizontal ridge width changes and vertical ridge height changes. Histologic evaluation revealed the formation of new bone and residual particles in each graft site at the time of implant placement. Ten patients completed the study. The mean alveolar ridge width increased by 3.2 +/- 1.0 mm (P <.0005). Histomorphometric analysis revealed a range of new bone from 42.9% to 70.5%, with a mean of 47.6%. Graft particles remaining ranged from 29.5% to 57.1%, with a mean of 52.4%. The clinical and histologic findings of this study demonstrate that sites grafted with FDBA in conjunction with an e-PTFE barrier can provide a predictable way to augment deficient alveolar ridges prior to implant placement. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Periodont, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. USN, Dent Corps, Dent Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Mellonig, JT (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Periodont, MSC 7894,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 17 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 2 PU QUINTESSENCE PUBL CO INC PI CAROL STREAM PA 551 NORTH KIMBERLY DR, CAROL STREAM, IL 60188-1881 USA SN 0198-7569 J9 INT J PERIODONT REST JI Int. J. Periodontics Restor. Dent. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 23 IS 1 BP 29 EP 35 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 653FE UT WOS:000181423900004 PM 12617366 ER PT J AU Cheney, M Borden, B AF Cheney, M Borden, B TI Microlocal structure of inverse synthetic aperture radar data SO INVERSE PROBLEMS LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED RADON-TRANSFORM; X-RAY TRANSFORM; LOCAL TOMOGRAPHY; SCATTERING AB We consider the problem of all-weather identification of airborne targets. We show that structural elements of the target correspond to identifiable features of the radar data. Our approach is based on high-frequency scattering methods but is not limited to the standard weak-scatterer approximation: we also analyse multiple scattering and structural dispersion (situations normally interpreted in terms of poorly behaved image 'artifacts'). This work suggests a method for target identification that circumvents the need to create an intermediate radar image from which the object's characteristics are to be extracted. As such, this scheme may be applicable to efficient machine-based radar identification programmes. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Cheney, M (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0266-5611 J9 INVERSE PROBL JI Inverse Probl. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 19 IS 1 BP 173 EP 193 AR PII S0266-5611(03)37014-5 DI 10.1088/0266-5611/19/1/310 PG 21 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 650MP UT WOS:000181268200011 ER PT J AU Antevil, JL Muldoon, MP Battaglia, M Green, R AF Antevil, JL Muldoon, MP Battaglia, M Green, R TI Intraoperative anaphylactic shock associated with bacitracin irrigation during revision total knee arthroplasty - A case report SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article ID CESAREAN-SECTION; TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; FECAL PERITONITIS; ANTIBIOTICS; SURGERY; LAVAGE C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Gen Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Orthopaed, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Anaesthesia, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Antevil, JL (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Gen Surg, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM mpmuldoon@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 38 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 85A IS 2 BP 339 EP 342 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 641BE UT WOS:000180723500024 PM 12571314 ER PT J AU Frederickson, PA Davidson, KL AF Frederickson, PA Davidson, KL TI Observational buoy studies of coastal air-sea fluxes SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID DRAG COEFFICIENTS; SURFACE AB Recent advancements in measurement and analysis techniques have allowed air-sea fluxes to be measured directly from moving platforms at sea relatively easily. These advances should lead to improved surface flux parameterizations, and thus to improved coupled atmosphere-ocean modeling. The Naval Postgraduate School has developed a "flux buoy" (FB) that directly measures air-sea fluxes, mean meteorological parameters, and one-dimensional and directional wave spectra. In this study, the FB instrumentation and data analysis techniques are described, and the data collected during two U. S. east coast buoy deployments are used to examine the impact of atmospheric and surface wave properties on air-sea momentum transfer in coastal ocean regions. Data obtained off Duck, North Carolina, clearly show that, for a given wind speed, neutral drag coefficients in offshore winds are higher than those in onshore winds. Offshore wind drag coefficients observed over the wind speed range from 5 to 21 m s(-1) were modeled equally well by a linear regression on wind speed, and a Charnock model with a constant of 0.016. Measurements from an FB deployment off Wallops Island, Virginia, show that neutral drag coefficients in onshore winds increase as the wind-wave direction differences increase, especially beyond +/-60degrees. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Frederickson, PA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Code MR FD,589 Dyer Rd,Rm 254, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 16 IS 4 BP 593 EP 599 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<0593:OBSOCA>2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 644HP UT WOS:000180912100003 ER PT J AU Malvar, LJ Joshi, NR Beran, JA Novinson, T AF Malvar, LJ Joshi, NR Beran, JA Novinson, T TI Environmental effects on the short-term bond of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES FOR CONSTRUCTION LA English DT Article DE composite materials; bonding; corrosion; fiber reinforced polymers AB Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) are being increasingly used in many structural applications due to their excellent mechanical and corrosion resistance characteristics. CFRP sheets and strips are being used to strengthen waterfront concrete structures, such as piers and wharves. The CFRP reinforcements are bonded to beams, piles, and decks using structural adhesives. Adhesive strength can be affected by both short-term and long-term environmental exposure. In the current study, short-term effects of temperature, moisture, and chloride content on the CFRP adhesion are evaluated using pull-off tests. Three structural adhesives were chosen to assess the effects of three different temperatures and four different relative humidities on the CFRP adhesion to concrete cubes. In the case of concrete piles exposed to marine conditions, the effect of superficial chloride content on the short-term bond strength was also investigated. It was shown that high relative humidity may reduce bond strength below acceptable levels. C1 USN, Facilities Engn Serv Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA. Prairie View A&M Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, Kingsville, TX USA. RP Malvar, LJ (reprint author), USN, Facilities Engn Serv Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0268 J9 J COMPOS CONSTR JI J. Compos. Constr. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 7 IS 1 BP 58 EP 63 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2003)7:1(58) PG 6 WC Engineering, Civil; Mechanics; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Mechanics; Materials Science GA 636WD UT WOS:000180479500008 ER PT J AU Matteucci, MJ Roos, JA AF Matteucci, MJ Roos, JA TI Ottawa knee rule: A comparison of physician and triage-nurse utilization of a decision rule for knee injury radiography SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-College-of-Emergency-Physicians Research Forum CY OCT 15, 2001 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Coll Emergency Physicians DE knee injury; Ottawa Knee Rule; decision rule ID ANKLE RULES; VALIDATION; IMPLEMENTATION; EMERGENCY; ACCIDENT AB The Ottawa Knee Rule (OKR) is a clinical decision rule for the ordering of knee radiographs by physicians in patients with blunt knee injuries. However, in many Emergency Departments, radiographs are also ordered by nurses during triage. This study was designed to compare application of the OKR by triage nurses and physicians. A consecutive sample of all patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) of a tertiary care military teaching hospital with blunt knee injuries that met OKR inclusion criteria were enrolled. Radiographs were ordered on all patients. Nurses and physicians were blinded to each other's examinations. Nurse-physician inter-reviewer reliability was compared using the kappa statistic. Of 172 enrolled subjects, 38 were excluded for incomplete data or multiple entries, leaving 134 study patients. Four fractures (3 %) were detected. Fair inter-observer reliability was found on four of the five OKR components: patellar tenderness (PT, kappa = 0.31), proximal fibula tenderness (PFT, kappa = 0.31), inability to flex > 90 degrees (FLEX, kappa = 0.24) and inability to walk four steps (WALK, kappa = 0.44). Nurses were more likely to overestimate the presence of individual components (PT 3.5x, PFT 6.6x, FLEX 1.9x and WALK 4.8x) and were 3.6 times more likely than Emergency Physicians (EP), overall, to order radiographs, representing a 21% vs. 37% reduced radiography rate, respectively. No fractures were missed by physicians or nurses. Triage nurses and EPs in this study had fair agreement in their application of the OKR. Triage nurses greatly overestimated knee injuries, while maintaining sensitivity, at the expense of specificity and cost savings. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Matteucci, MJ (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0736-4679 J9 J EMERG MED JI J. Emerg. Med. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 24 IS 2 BP 147 EP 150 DI 10.1016/S0736-4679(02)00716-3 PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 649ZL UT WOS:000181237800005 PM 12609643 ER PT J AU McGrory, JE AF McGrory, JE TI Disruption of the extensor mechanism of the knee SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE quadriceps tendon tear; patellar tendon tear; knee injury ID QUADRICEPS TENDON RUPTURES; REPAIR AB Ruptures of the extensor mechanism of the knee are rare, when compared with other knee injuries, and are frequently misdiagnosed. The outcome after surgical repair may be compromised if surgery is delayed. A case of quadriceps tendon rupture that was misdiagnosed for 2 months and a review of the literature are presented. Including extensor mechanism disruption in the differential diagnosis, and careful attention to key physical findings in the examination of all acutely injured knees, will ensure that this important injury is not overlooked. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP McGrory, JE (reprint author), 3408 Miars Farm Circle, Chesapeake, VA 23321 USA. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0736-4679 J9 J EMERG MED JI J. Emerg. Med. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 24 IS 2 BP 163 EP 168 DI 10.1016/S0736-4679(02)00719-9 PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 649ZL UT WOS:000181237800008 PM 12609646 ER PT J AU Riga, PJ Shenenberger, DW AF Riga, PJ Shenenberger, DW TI Diagnostic and prognostic role of cardiac troponins SO JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA 23704 USA. RP Riga, PJ (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, 314 Washington St,Apt B, Portsmouth, VA 23704 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0954-6820 J9 J INTERN MED JI J. Intern. Med. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 253 IS 2 BP 250 EP 250 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2796.2003.01077.x PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 639AX UT WOS:000180606400023 PM 12542570 ER PT J AU Vaux, KK Jones, MC Bird, LM Bakhtar, OR Masliah, E Benirschke, K Jones, KL AF Vaux, KK Jones, MC Bird, LM Bakhtar, OR Masliah, E Benirschke, K Jones, KL TI Megalourethra and associated anomalies in infants of women with gestational diabetes. SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Western Regional Meeting of the American-Federation-for-Medical-Research CY JAN 29-FEB 01, 2003 CL CARMEL, CALIFORNIA SP American Fed Med Res C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Childrens Hosp & Hlth Ctr, Dept Dysmorphol & Med Genet, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU B C DECKER INC PI HAMILTON PA 20 HUGHSON ST SOUTH, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 51 SU 1 MA 334 BP S149 EP S149 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 638KF UT WOS:000180569600340 ER PT J AU Stievater, TH Rabinovich, WS Newman, HS Ebel, JL Mahon, R McGee, DJ Goetz, PG AF Stievater, TH Rabinovich, WS Newman, HS Ebel, JL Mahon, R McGee, DJ Goetz, PG TI Microcavity interferometry for MEMS device characterization SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE capacitive switch; optical interference; optical microcavity; RF MEMS ID MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS; NOISE; MICROSCOPE; SILICON AB We have developed a high resolution optical technique to measure the electromechanical properties of MEMS microstructures. The technique is applied to microbridges developed for capacitive switching in coplanar radio frequency (RF) waveguides. The thin metal ground plane on the substrate and the bottom of the bridge together form a microcavity for an optical beam. The wavelength of a cavity mode is a sensitive measure of the bridge position relative to the substrate. The technique is applied to the measurement of resonances and damping times of microbridges of varying lengths. It is also used to measure dc changes in bridge height of tenths of nanometers, driven ac displacements of less than a picometer, and bridge displacement noise of hundreds of femtometers per root Hertz. This extreme sensitivity exceeds previously demonstrated optical characterization methods. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Drew Univ, Madison, NJ 07940 USA. RP Stievater, TH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1057-7157 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 12 IS 1 BP 109 EP 116 DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2002.807465 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 651WY UT WOS:000181346200013 ER PT J AU Paluch, M Roland, CM AF Paluch, M Roland, CM TI The Avramov model of structural relaxation SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Letter ID GLASS-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; DYNAMIC LIGHT-SCATTERING; HIGH-PRESSURE; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; SQUARE-WELL; COORDINATION-NUMBER; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; PHOTON-CORRELATION; ALPHA-RELAXATION; VISCOSITY AB The Avramov model, an entropy-based description of the effects of temperature and pressure on structural relaxation times, assumes separability of these two dependences. This implies that the fragility of glass-formers is independent of pressure. Herein we show that experimental results for polymethyltolylsiloxane are at odds with this assumption. By introducing a linear increase of the coordination number of the liquid state with pressure, the model can be modified, enabling good agreement with experiment to be achieved. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. RP USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120,4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM paluch@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 55 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 EI 1873-4812 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD FEB PY 2003 VL 316 IS 2-3 BP 413 EP 417 AR PII S0022-3093(02)01963-4 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(02)01963-4 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 640JV UT WOS:000180686400027 ER PT J AU Chu, PC Wang, GH AF Chu, PC Wang, GH TI Seasonal variability of thermohaline front in the central South China Sea SO JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE thermohaline front; South China Sea; P-vector method; meandering; eddies ID CIRCULATION; WATER; INTRUSION; KUROSHIO AB An upper layer thermohaline front across the South China Sea (SCS) basin from the South Vietnamese coast (around 15degreesN) to Luzon Island (around 19degreesN) has been identified using the Navy's open domain Generalized Digital Environmental Model (GDEM) monthly mean temperature and salinity data on a 0.5degrees x 0.5degrees grid. This front does not occur at the surface in summer. The strength of this front is around 1degreesC/100 km at the surface and 1.4degreesC/100 km at the subsurface (50 in deep). A cross-basin current, inverted using the P-vector method, is associating with the front. Meandering and eddies have been identified along this current. Seasonal and vertical variabilities of the thermohaline structure across this front are reported in this paper. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. State Ocean Adm, Inst Oceanog 2, Lab Ocean Dynam Proc & Satellite Oceanog, Hangzhou 310012, Peoples R China. RP Chu, PC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 18 TC 22 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 9 PU TERRA SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PI TOKYO PA 2003 SANSEI JIYUGAOKA HAIMU, 5-27-19 OKUSAWA, SETAGAYA-KU, TOKYO, 158, JAPAN SN 0916-8370 J9 J OCEANOGR JI J. Oceanogr. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 59 IS 1 BP 65 EP 78 DI 10.1023/A:1022868407012 PG 14 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 627VY UT WOS:000179957900006 ER PT J AU Rogers, WE Hwang, PA Wang, DW AF Rogers, WE Hwang, PA Wang, DW TI Investigation of wave growth and decay in the SWAN model: Three regional-scale applications SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR ENERGY-TRANSFER; WIND-GENERATED WAVES; GRAVITY-WAVES; SPECTRUM; PARAMETERIZATIONS; COMPUTATIONS AB Wave growth and decay characteristics in a typical wave action model [Simulating Waves Nearshore (SWAN)] are investigated in this paper. This study is motivated by generally poor agreement between model results and measurements for a regional-scale model of a two-day period during the SandyDuck '97 experiment, wherein there is consistent underprediction of lower-frequency (0.05-0.19 Hz) energy. Two separate methods are presented for improving predictions of low-frequency energy: 1) by altering the weighting of the relative wavenumber term that exists in the whitecapping formulation and 2) by disallowing the breaking of swell. The SandyDuck '97 simulation is repeated with the proposed modifications. Using the first modification, a slight improvement is seen, and with the second modification an apparent problem with nonphysical dissipation of swell by the model is corrected. The modifications are then applied to two other test cases, one in Lake Michigan and the other in the Mississippi Bight. Both cases are of similar scale to the SandyDuck '97 experiment but are freer of uncertainties related to forcing. In both cases, the underprediction of low-frequency energy is observed using the original model, and in both cases agreement with observations is improved via the first of these two proposed modifications. During the course of this investigation, it becomes apparent that, though the model's dissipation term can be improved by these modifications, fundamental problems with the form of the term severely limit the level of improvement that can be achieved. C1 USN, Div Oceanog, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Rogers, WE (reprint author), USN, Div Oceanog, Res Lab, Code 7322, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 39 TC 94 Z9 99 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 33 IS 2 BP 366 EP 389 DI 10.1175/1520-0485(2003)033<0366:IOWGAD>2.0.CO;2 PG 24 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 642VW UT WOS:000180827000003 ER PT J AU Wang, GM Papaconstantopoulos, DA Blaisten-Barojas, E AF Wang, GM Papaconstantopoulos, DA Blaisten-Barojas, E TI Pressure induced transitions in calcium: a tight-binding approach SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY METHOD; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; NOBLE-METALS; CLUSTERS; CA AB A tight-binding (TB) hamiltonian for calcium is built with a high precision parametrization technique based on density functional calculations of the energy bands and the total energy at various lattice volumes. The new set of TB parameters is appropriate to study phenomena under pressures as high as 20 GPa. Specifically, both the metal to nonmetal transition at 4 GPa and the structural transition fcc to bcc at 19 GPa are well reproduced. These transitions and several static properties are in excellent agreement with experiments. Phonon frequencies, plasmon energy, melting temperature and the coefficient of thermal expansion were calculated with a molecular dynamics scheme of this TB hamiltonian. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 George Mason Univ, Sch Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Blaisten-Barojas, E (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Sch Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RI Blaisten-Barojas, Estela/B-9520-2009 NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD FEB PY 2003 VL 64 IS 2 BP 185 EP 192 AR PII S0022-3697(02)00199-3 DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(02)00199-3 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 629KT UT WOS:000180049400002 ER PT J AU Baker, MJ AF Baker, MJ TI An equilibrium conflict model of land tenure in hunter-gatherer societies SO JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY LA English DT Article ID PROPERTY-RIGHTS; TERRITORIALITY AB I apply features of the economics of conflict and spatial competition in developing a model of the emergence of land ownership in hunter-gatherer societies. Tenure regimes are the result of interactions between those seeking to defend claims to land and those seeking to infringe on those claims. The model highlights the dependence of land ownership on ecological parameters, such as resource density and predictability, and allows for situational ownership, in which the nature of ownership changes as realized ecological conditions change. The paper concludes with a comparative assessment of tenure across a representative sample of hunter-gatherer peoples. C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Baker, MJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 37 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-3808 J9 J POLIT ECON JI J. Polit. Econ. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 111 IS 1 BP 124 EP 173 DI 10.1086/344800 PG 50 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 634HU UT WOS:000180334600004 ER PT J AU Mulvaney, SP He, L Natan, MJ Keating, CD AF Mulvaney, SP He, L Natan, MJ Keating, CD TI Three-layer substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering: preparation and preliminary evaluation SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE SERS; Raman; substrates; colloidal gold; evaporated silver films ID SILVER-ISLAND FILMS; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; AU COLLOID MONOLAYERS; NANOSPHERE LITHOGRAPHY; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; AG FILM; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; SERS SPECTROSCOPY; METAL-SURFACES AB In surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), the magnitude of enhancement is highly dependent on the manometer-scale morphological and optical properties of the substrate employed. This paper reports the development of an improved SERS-active substrate that is based on a combination of nanoparticle assembly and evaporated thin films. Highly enhancing, three-layer SERS-active substrates were constructed by evaporation of an Ag film over an Ag-clad colloidal Au submonolayer; the distinguishing feature of the three-layer substrate is the formation of evaporated Ag islands between the surface-bound colloidal particles. UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the substrate morphology. The thickness of the evaporated layer was varied in order to determine the optimal substrate architecture. The estimated enhancement factor for the optimized substrate architecture was 7 x 10(4). Furthermore, better than 15% reproducibility in the Raman spectra for adsorbed analytes was observed from spot to spot on a given substrate, and also from substrate to substrate. Finally, a sub-picogram detection limit was demonstrated with the environmental pollutant 1,3,5-triazine. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Mulvaney, SP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mulvaney@stm2.nrl.navy.mil OI Keating, Christine/0000-0001-6039-1961 NR 88 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 31 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0377-0486 J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC JI J. Raman Spectrosc. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 34 IS 2 BP 163 EP 171 DI 10.1002/jrs.972 PG 9 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 649TJ UT WOS:000181223800013 ER PT J AU Gaunaurd, GC Everstine, GC AF Gaunaurd, GC Everstine, GC TI Energy radiated by point acoustic dipole that reverses its uniform velocity along its rectilinear path SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CLASSICAL ELECTRODYNAMICS; SOUND RADIATION; MOTION AB This work extends a mathematical approach developed recently for monopoles to describe the sound energy radiated by:a rectilinearly moving dipole that changes direction along its trajectory. Although the dipole travels with constant speed, it undergoes acceleration by reversing its direction during a finite time interval along its path. This work determines the joint angular and frequency distribution of the radiated energy, its angular distribution, and the total radiated energy output. Results for the radiated energy are systematized by expressing the radiation integrals in terms of hypergeometric functions. This procedure simplifies the evaluations, particularly at low Mach numbers, and permits the comparison of results to the earlier monopole case. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Gaunaurd, GC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Power Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 113 IS 2 BP 735 EP 740 DI 10.1121/1.1532031 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 643RU UT WOS:000180874900006 PM 12597168 ER PT J AU Crum, N Hardaway, C Graham, B AF Crum, N Hardaway, C Graham, B TI Development of an idlike reaction during treatment for acute pulmonary histoplasmosis: A new cutaneous manifestation in histoplasmosis SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ID REACTION; DERMATOPHYTES; INDIANAPOLIS AB Id reactions often occur secondary to release of antigens after initiation of antimicrobial therapy. This reaction commonly occurs during treatment of Trichophyton infections. The diagnosis is usually made clinically and is supported in the presence of an infection and/or initiation of therapy. We report an idlike reaction during histoplasmosis. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Crum, N (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Clin Invest, KCA, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM NFCrum@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 48 IS 2 SU S BP S5 EP S6 DI 10.1067/mjd.2003.110 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 648TP UT WOS:000181166900002 PM 12582371 ER PT J AU Naciri, J Carboni, C George, AK AF Naciri, J Carboni, C George, AK TI Low transition temperature organosiloxane liquid crystals displaying a de Vries smectic A phase SO LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article AB The synthesis, phase properties and electro-optic response of two new chiral low molar mass organosiloxane liquid crystalline materials are presented. The structure of the molecule contains a short (three silicon atoms) siloxy chain attached via a hydrocarbon chain to the non-chiral end of a chiral mesogenic moiety. The materials have low melting points (< -20&DEG;C) and broad smectic phase ranges (&SIM;80&DEG;C wide) extending to below room temperature. Both materials are electroclinic at room temperature. A 30&DEG; tilt of the optic axis can be achieved in fields of the order of 25 V μm(-1). The data presented indicate that in these materials the smectic phase is a de Vries-type smectic A phase. The electroclinic effect arises because the electric field produces a bias in the distribution of the direction of the tilt. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Sultan Qaboos Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Phys, Al Khoud 123, Oman. RP Naciri, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6900,455 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Jnaciri@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil NR 16 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0267-8292 J9 LIQ CRYST JI Liq. Cryst. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 30 IS 2 BP 219 EP 225 DI 10.1080/0267829021000060250 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA 658NK UT WOS:000181726900014 ER PT J AU Bohnker, BK Sherman, SS McGinnis, JA AF Bohnker, BK Sherman, SS McGinnis, JA TI Disease and nonbattle injury patterns: Afloat data from the US Fifth Fleet (2000-2001) SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES-NAVY; ILLNESS INCIDENCE AB Disease and nonbattle injury (DNBI) patterns were analyzed for reports from the Commander Fifth Fleet for 2000-2001 covering 217,972 person-weeks. The overall DNBI rate was 4.38 visits per 100 person-weeks with the largest subcategory being "other medical/surgical" conditions (1.36 visits/100 person-weeks and over 30% of the initial patient visits). This was followed by dermatological (0.89 visits/100 person-weeks) and respiratory conditions (0.65 visits/100 person-weeks). Collapsing total injuries would have created the third largest incidence category. The mean DNBI rate for cruisers/destroyers/ frigates (4.23 visits/100 person-weeks; SD, 2.64 visits) was not significantly different from aircraft carriers (4.76 visits/100 person-weeks; SD, 1.60, t(df = 207) = -0.91, p = 0.363) but was statistically different from supply ships (8.93 visits/100 person-weeks; SD, 2.44, t(df = 191) = -6.23, p = 0.000) and amphibious support ships (8.07 visits/100 person-weeks; SD, 3.99, t(df = 190) = -4.72, p = 0.000). These results are compared with historical data from land-based units, and the limitations in shipboard DNBI reporting are discussed. C1 USN, Ctr Environm Hlth, Portsmouth, VA USA. USN, Environm & Prevent Med Unit 5, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Bohnker, BK (reprint author), USN, Ctr Environm Hlth, Portsmouth, VA USA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 168 IS 2 BP 131 EP 134 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653EJ UT WOS:000181422000011 PM 12636141 ER PT J AU LaMar, JE Carr, RB Zinderman, C McDonald, K LaMar, JE AF LaMar, JE Carr, RB Zinderman, C McDonald, K LaMar, JE TI Sentinel cases of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus onboard a naval ship SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 42nd Annual Navy Occupational Health and Preventive Medicine Workshop CY MAR 18-22, 2002 CL NORFOLK, VIRGINIA ID HOSPITALS; MRSA AB Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is emerging as a community-acquired organism. A number of recent reports have documented its involvement in a variety of infections in which no risk factors for nosocomial transmission are present. This report presents the initial cases of a MRSA outbreak on a U.S. Navy ship. Each patient failed traditional antibiotic therapy and one required hospitalization. Their presentations evolved simultaneously and proved to be sentinel cases of an outbreak of cutaneous MRSA infections. The events of this outbreak emphasize the growing need to consider the prevalence of resistant organisms in outpatient settings, as well as the impact that infections from resistant organisms might have on the combat readiness of a military unit. Recommendations addressing infection-control guidelines for MRSA within close-quarter environments of healthy adults, such as military units, need to be developed and existing infection-control measures need to be regularly emphasized. C1 USS Seattle AOE 3, FPO, AE 09587 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USN, Environm & Prevent Med Unit 2, Norfolk, VA 23511 USA. RP LaMar, JE (reprint author), USS Seattle AOE 3, FPO, AE 09587 USA. NR 12 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 168 IS 2 BP 135 EP 138 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653EJ UT WOS:000181422000012 PM 12636142 ER PT J AU Roberts, JE Tropeano, AM Taylor, JM Konoske, PJ AF Roberts, JE Tropeano, AM Taylor, JM Konoske, PJ TI Identifying clinical supply requirements for Marine Corps dental capability SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The Naval Health Research Center developed and used a systematic process to review Marine Corps dental supply requirements. The approach (1) identified the dental procedures required to treat patients with dental conditions and (2) determined the consumable supplies and equipment needed to complete each procedure. By establishing the clinical requirement for each item pushed forward, the Naval Health Research Center model significantly reduced weight, cubic volume, and cost while enhancing far-forward dental capability. This effort produced a database that clarifies the relationship among dental conditions, dental procedures, consumables, and equipment when conducting authorized dental allowance list reviews, determining training requirements, and configuring supplies for future deployments. C1 Anteon Corp, San Diego, CA 92108 USA. Geocenters Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Roberts, JE (reprint author), Anteon Corp, 3430 Camino Del Rio N, San Diego, CA 92108 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 168 IS 2 BP 172 EP 176 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653EJ UT WOS:000181422000019 ER PT J AU Booth, A AF Booth, A TI Modernist fiction, cosmopolitanism, and the politics of community SO MODERN PHILOLOGY LA English DT Book Review C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Booth, A (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0026-8232 J9 MOD PHILOLOGY JI Mod. Philol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 100 IS 3 BP 498 EP 500 DI 10.1086/376666 PG 3 WC Language & Linguistics; Literature SC Linguistics; Literature GA 680EW UT WOS:000182964200013 ER PT J AU Ancona, MG Kooi, SE Kruppa, W Snow, AW Foos, EE Whitman, LJ Park, D Shirey, L AF Ancona, MG Kooi, SE Kruppa, W Snow, AW Foos, EE Whitman, LJ Park, D Shirey, L TI Patterning of narrow Au nanocluster lines using V2O5 nanowire masks and ion-beam milling SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GOLD NANOCLUSTERS; METAL; NANOPARTICLES; TRANSPORT; ENSEMBLE; SENSOR AB A shadow mask technique employing V2O5 nanowires and ion-beam milling is used to define narrow lines of monolayer-encapsulated Au nanoclusters. When positioned between electrodes these lines are shown to be conducting and to have nonlinear I-V characteristics with nonzero threshold voltages consistent with Coulomb blockade. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ancona, MG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ancona@estd.nrl.navy.mil RI Whitman, Lloyd/G-9320-2011; Shirey, Loretta/B-3164-2013 OI Whitman, Lloyd/0000-0002-3117-1174; Shirey, Loretta/0000-0003-2600-3405 NR 16 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 3 IS 2 BP 135 EP 138 DI 10.1021/nl0258224 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 645VW UT WOS:000181001500006 ER PT J AU Neimeier, D Teare, SW Westpfahl, D Klinglesmith, D Loos, G Euart, N Truesdell, L Romero, V Restaino, S Friedman, J AF Neimeier, D Teare, SW Westpfahl, D Klinglesmith, D Loos, G Euart, N Truesdell, L Romero, V Restaino, S Friedman, J TI Astronomical seeing at the Magdalena Ridge Observatory SO OBSERVATORY LA English DT Article ID DECADES C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. USN, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. RP Neimeier, D (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OBSERVATORY PI OXFORD PA RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, CHILTON DIDCOT,, OXFORD OX11 OQX, ENGLAND SN 0029-7704 J9 OBSERVATORY JI Observatory PD FEB PY 2003 VL 123 IS 1172 BP 25 EP 31 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 655YL UT WOS:000181580800003 ER PT J AU Van Nevel, A Mahalanobis, A AF Van Nevel, A Mahalanobis, A TI Comparative study of maximum average correlation height filter variants using ladar imagery SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE ladar; correlation filters; target recognition ID SYNTHETIC DISCRIMINANT FUNCTIONS; FACE RECOGNITION AB We present a study of a family of maximum average correlation height (MACH) filters. MACH filters were introduced by Mahalanobis et al., and several modifications such as the extended MACH (EMACH) and generalized MACH (GMACH) have been introduced to enhance the utility of the MACH filter approach. A comparison between the different filtering approaches and processing techniques is presented for the specific case of laser radar (ladar) imagery. The comparison utilizes both synthetic data for training and testing in one case, and synthetic training data and collected ladar imagery for testing in the second case. The results indicate that the GMACH variant of MACH filters is superior to both MACH and EMACH filters for the case of laser radar. (C) 2003 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Lockheed Martin Missiles & Fire Control, Orlando, FL USA. RP Van Nevel, A (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 42 IS 2 BP 541 EP 550 DI 10.1117/1.1531975 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 655BM UT WOS:000181531500033 ER PT J AU Wheeler, DS Poss, WB AF Wheeler, DS Poss, WB TI Mass casualty management in a changing world SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID CARE FACILITIES; TOKYO SUBWAY; DESTRUCTION; WEAPONS; PREPAREDNESS; EVENTS C1 USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Wheeler, DS (reprint author), Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Div Crit Care Med, 3333 Burnet Ave,OSB-5, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 32 IS 2 BP 98 EP 105 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 642RX UT WOS:000180819200005 PM 12616933 ER PT J AU Wheeler, DS Clapp, CR Poss, WB AF Wheeler, DS Clapp, CR Poss, WB TI Training in pediatric critical care medicine: A survey of pediatric residency training programs SO PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd World Congress on Pediatric Intensive Care CY JUN 25-29, 2000 CL MONTREAL, CANADA DE residency; education; Graduate Medical Education; critical care training; pediatric intensive care unit ID TRANSPORT TEAM; RESUSCITATION; EMERGENCY; PREPAREDNESS; KNOWLEDGE; ARREST; EXPERIENCE; EDUCATION; CHILDREN; OFFICE AB After completing their critical care rotations, pediatric residents are expected to have acquired skills in the resuscitation of critically ill newborns and children. Recent Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) guidelines have limited the time devoted to critical care training during pediatric residency. We sought to determine how individual programs have structured their critical care training experience in light of these changes. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was mailed to each pediatric residency program listed in the 1996-1997 Graduate Medical Education Directory. Information was obtained regarding the structure of critical care training. Data were analyzed using descriptive techniques, one-way analysis of variance with Scheffe post hoc test, and Fisher exact test as appropriate. Results: Data were received from 149 programs (71% response rate). Most programs were in compliance with ACGME standards regarding the number of months devoted to neonatal intensive care, pediatric intensive care, and emergency medicine. There were no significant differences in the total number of rotations in either the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) when the programs were stratified by size. There were no significant differences in the percentage of programs requiring night call in either the NICU or the PICU during off-service months. However, small programs (< 25 residents) required significantly fewer rotations in emergency medicine (P < 0.001). Most programs complemented the critical care experience by offering additional rotations and advanced life support training. Conclusions: Pediatric residency programs have structured their critical care rotations in a similar fashion in accordance with ACGME guidelines. The success in meeting the stated objectives, as measured by the ability of graduating residents to stabilize critically ill children, is not known and will require further study. C1 Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Div Crit Care Med, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. USN Hosp, Dept Pediat, Camp Lejeune, NC USA. USN, Dept Pediat, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Wheeler, DS (reprint author), 1707 Smokehouse Way, Loveland, OH 45140 USA. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0749-5161 J9 PEDIATR EMERG CARE JI Pediatr. Emerg. Care PD FEB PY 2003 VL 19 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1097/00006565-200302000-00001 PG 5 WC Emergency Medicine; Pediatrics SC Emergency Medicine; Pediatrics GA 647QR UT WOS:000181105800001 PM 12592104 ER PT J AU Singh, DJ AF Singh, DJ TI Prospects for quantum criticality in perovskite SrRhO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SPIN FLUCTUATIONS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SR2RUO4; FERROMAGNETISM; SR3RU2O7; METAMAGNETISM; COEXISTENCE; MAGNETISM; SR2RHO4 AB Density-functional studies of the perovskite structure SrRhO3 are reported using the full experimental orthorhombic crystal structure as well as a structure with relaxed atomic coordinates. A very soft ferromagnetic ground state is found as well as flat bands near the Fermi energy, E-F, that couple to the magnetism. As in the ruthenate magnets, a very large oxygen contribution to the magnetic moments is found. In light of experimental data for this compound, it is suggested that SrRhO3 is near a quantum critical point, and that the properties are substantially affected by quantum critical fluctuations. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Singh, DJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Singh, David/I-2416-2012 NR 35 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.054507 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 652BU UT WOS:000181360300062 ER PT J AU Carroll, TL AF Carroll, TL TI Chaotic communications that are difficult to detect SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID PHASE SYNCHRONIZATION; CHUA CIRCUITS; CHANNELS; OSCILLATORS; MODULATION; SYSTEMS AB Work on self-synchronizing systems for communications has had limited practicality because the chaotic signals were not as easy to detect in the presence of noise as conventional spread-spectrum signals. This difficulty may actually be an advantage in some cases, where one wants to conceal the existence of the communications signal. Conventional communications signals are cyclostationary; while they may look random, they have statistical properties that vary periodically. One may design chaotic communication signals that lack this cyclostationary property, and therefore are harder to detect. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP USN, Res Lab, Code 6345, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 026207 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.026207 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654WQ UT WOS:000181520300047 PM 12636776 ER PT J AU Collings, PJ Ratna, BR Shashidhar, R AF Collings, PJ Ratna, BR Shashidhar, R TI Order parameter measurements of dichroic dyes dissolved in smectic liquid crystals that tilt without layer contraction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ORIENTATIONAL ORDER; ELECTRIC-FIELD; A-PHASE; TRANSITION; SHRINKAGE; BEHAVIOR AB Measurements of the orientational order parameter of dissolved dichroic dyes are reported for two smectic-A liquid crystals that tilt in the presence of an in-plane electric field without any decrease in the layer spacing. The dye order parameter is determined by measuring the anisotropic absorption of linearly polarized light. Different dyes are used and measurements are also performed on a smectic liquid crystal that tilts with the expected layer contraction to check how closely the measurements reflect the order parameter of the liquid crystal. The variation of the dye order parameter with electric field is in accordance with the recently proposed model of azimuthal disorder of the tilt angle direction, but the surprising finding is that the local dye orientational order parameter is significantly lower than for the smectic liquid crystal that tilts with the expected layer contraction. This suggests that another mechanism might be contributing significantly to the smectic order, one possibility of which is the tendency for different parts of these siloxane-containing molecules to segregate within each layer. Another possible explanation is that the azimuthal disorder is due to a modulated phase with a high enough density of defects to decrease the value of the local order parameter. C1 USN, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Swarthmore Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Swarthmore, PA 19081 USA. RP Collings, PJ (reprint author), USN, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Code 6900,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 25 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 021705 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.021705 PN 1 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654WP UT WOS:000181520200056 PM 12636698 ER PT J AU Lai, YC Liu, ZH Billings, L Schwartz, IB AF Lai, YC Liu, ZH Billings, L Schwartz, IB TI Noise-induced unstable dimension variability and transition to chaos in random dynamical systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ON-OFF INTERMITTENCY; GENERALIZED DIMENSIONS; COHERENCE RESONANCE; STRANGE ATTRACTORS; STOCHASTIC CHAOS; FRACTAL MEASURES; SYNCHRONIZATION; BRAIN; SETS; OSCILLATORS AB Results are reported concerning the transition to chaos in random dynamical systems. In particular, situations are considered where a periodic attractor coexists with a nonattracting chaotic saddle, which can be expected in any periodic window of a nonlinear dynamical system. Under noise, the asymptotic attractor of the system can become chaotic, as characterized by the appearance of a positive Lyapunov exponent. Generic features of the transition include the following: (1) the noisy chaotic attractor is necessarily nonhyperbolic as there are periodic orbits embedded in it with distinct numbers of unstable directions (unstable dimension variability), and this nonhyperbolicity develops as soon as the attractor becomes chaotic; (2) for systems described by differential equations, the unstable dimension variability destroys the neutral direction of the flow in the sense that there is no longer a zero Lyapunov exponent after the noisy attractor becomes chaotic; and (3) the largest Lyapunov exponent becomes positive from zero in a continuous manner, and its scaling with the variation of the noise amplitude is algebraic. Formulas for the scaling exponent are derived in all dimensions. Numerical support using both low- and high-dimensional systems is provided. C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Math, Ctr Syst Sci & Engn Res, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Montclair State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA. USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lai, YC (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Math, Ctr Syst Sci & Engn Res, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009 NR 81 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 026210 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.026210 PN 2 PG 17 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654WQ UT WOS:000181520300050 PM 12636779 ER PT J AU Loschialpo, PF Smith, DL Forester, DW Rachford, FJ Schelleng, J AF Loschialpo, PF Smith, DL Forester, DW Rachford, FJ Schelleng, J TI Electromagnetic waves focused by a negative-index planar lens SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID LEFT-HANDED MATERIALS; PERFECT LENS; PERMEABILITY; PERMITTIVITY; REFRACTION; MEDIA AB We demonstrate that negative refraction occurs for both cw and pulsed electromagnetic waves when traversing from a "right-handed" (index > 0) to a "left-handed" (index < 0) material (LHM) which has causal dispersive intrinsic properties. We also demonstrate that a divergent line source spaced a distance H in front of a planar LHM slab and excited by either an impulse cw or a Gaussian frequency pulse is imaged at a distance H away, inside the LHM, and at H to the other side of the slab. The image size is similar tolambda consistent with limitations dictated by wave optics. We find no evidence of evanescent mode amplification. The studies were performed using numerical experiments with finite difference time domain solutions and incorporating a causal Lorentzian form for the frequency-dependent material properties. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. SFA Inc, Largo, MD 20774 USA. RP Loschialpo, PF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 12 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 025602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.025602 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654WQ UT WOS:000181520300009 PM 12636738 ER PT J AU Paluch, M Casalini, R Roland, CM AF Paluch, M Casalini, R Roland, CM TI Cohen-Grest model for the dynamics of supercooled liquids SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; FREE-VOLUME; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION; POSITRON-ANNIHILATION; GLASSFORMING LIQUIDS; ALPHA-RELAXATION; ORTHO-TERPHENYL; HIGH-PRESSURE AB Recent experiments have established that, at least for van der Waals glass formers, volume fluctuations contribute significantly to the slowing down of the dynamics near T(g). Accordingly, we use the Cohen-Grest (CG) free-volume model to analyze dielectric relaxation data for six van der Waals liquids. The CG equation accurately describes the structural relaxation times over broader ranges of temperature than the more common Vogel-Fulcher relation. Moreover, the CG equation requires two less adjustable parameters when the data span the Stickel temperature T(B) associated with a change in the dynamics. The characteristic temperature T(0) of the CG model can be identified with T(B), suggesting that the crossover reflects onset of percolation of the free volume. The CG parameters used to fit the structural relaxation times allow the free volume per liquidlike molecule to be calculated. These results, however, are at odds with free-volume estimates extracted from pressure-volume-temperature data. C1 USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. George Mason Univ, Dept Chem, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Paluch, M (reprint author), USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM roland@nrl.navy.mil NR 46 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 AR 021508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.021508 PN 1 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654WP UT WOS:000181520200043 PM 12636685 ER PT J AU Nagaosa, R Handler, RA AF Nagaosa, R Handler, RA TI Statistical analysis of coherent vortices near a free surface in a fully developed turbulence SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID DIRECT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; OPEN-CHANNEL FLOW; LOW-REYNOLDS-NUMBER; PASSIVE SCALAR; BOUNDARY-LAYER; MASS-TRANSFER; INTERFACE; TRANSPORT; VORTEX; WALL AB The dynamics of coherent vortices, their interactions with an unsheared gas-liquid interface, i.e., free surface, and their contribution to turbulent heat transfer has been investigated in a fully developed turbulence using the results from a direct numerical simulation. Fully resolved free surface turbulence simulations were performed at Reynolds numbers of 150 and 300 based on the wall shear velocity and water depth. Passive heat transfer at a Prandtl number of 1 is enforced by imposing a constant temperature difference between the bottom no-slip boundary and free surface. Instantaneous turbulent flow realizations are stored and used to establish a database from which the statistical properties of the flow can be established. The three-dimensional two-point correlations between the total heat flux at the free surface and the subsurface hydrodynamics are evaluated to determine the spatial extent of the coherent vortices which contribute to the enhancement of heat transport at the free surface. A conditional averaging technique is also used to explore the structure of the typical coherent vortices which promote heat transfer at the interface. The two-point correlation technique reveals ring-like coherent vortices in the subsurface region, which are comprised of a vortex pair and spanwise vortices. The conditional averaging strategy is also applied to an intense ejection (second quadrant) event to examine dynamics of coherent vortices and their development. The results of the statistical analysis near the second quadrant event reveals a hairpin-like vortex, known as a bursting eddy, which is generated in the near-wall region and advects toward the free surface. The eddy then changes its shape to a ring-like structure as it approaches very near to the free surface. Backward tracking of the ring-like vortex shows that its origin is clearly a near-wall hairpin-like bursting vortex associated with the ejection of low-speed fluid in the direction normal to the wall. The interaction of the ring-like vortex with the free surface produces a splat event, which involves fluid impingement onto the free surface from the turbulent bulk, an event which intensifies the local temperature gradient at the free surface. It is also found that turbulent shear layers, which can be identified as regions of intense spanwise vorticity, impact onto the free surface, accompanying the interaction of the ring-like vortex with the free surface. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Nansen Environm & Remote Sensing Ctr, N-5059 Bergen, Norway. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058569, Japan. RP Nansen Environm & Remote Sensing Ctr, Edvard Griegsvei 3A, N-5059 Bergen, Norway. EM nagaosa@nersc.no NR 57 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 EI 1089-7666 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD FEB PY 2003 VL 15 IS 2 BP 375 EP 394 DI 10.1063/1.1533071 PG 20 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 633ZV UT WOS:000180316100012 ER PT J AU Loftin, RB Rosenblum, L AF Loftin, RB Rosenblum, L TI Special Issue: IEEE Virtual Reality 2002 Conference - Introduction SO PRESENCE-TELEOPERATORS AND VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Loftin, RB (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU M I T PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA FIVE CAMBRIDGE CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA SN 1054-7460 J9 PRESENCE-TELEOP VIRT JI Presence-Teleoper. Virtual Env. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 12 IS 1 BP III EP IV DI 10.1162/105474603763835297 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 661CL UT WOS:000181873600001 ER PT J AU Trefftz, H Marsic, I Zyda, M AF Trefftz, H Marsic, I Zyda, M TI Handling heterogeneity in networked virtual environments SO PRESENCE-TELEOPERATORS AND VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Virtual Reality 2002 Conference CY MAR, 2002 CL ORLANDO, FL SP IEEE AB The availability of inexpensive and powerful graphics cards as well as fast Internet connections make networked virtual environments viable for millions of users and many new applications. It is therefore necessary to cope with the growing heterogeneity that arises from differences in computing power, network speed, and users' preferences. This paper describes an architecture that accommodates the heterogeneity while allowing a manager to define systemwide policies. One of the main objectives of our scheme is to allow slower nodes to participate in the session by preventing fast nodes from flooding slow nodes with too many messages. Policies and users' preferences can be expressed as simple linear equations forming a model that describes the system as a whole as well as its individual components. When solutions to this model are mapped back to the problem domain, viable solutions that accommodate heterogeneity and system policies are obtained. For example, slower nodes may receive less frequent updates than faster ones for one or several information streams. The results of our experiments with a proof-of-concept system are described. C1 Univ EAFIT, Dept Comp Sci, Medellin, Colombia. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Rutgers State Univ, CAIP Ctr, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, MOVES Inst, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Univ EAFIT, Dept Comp Sci, POB 3300, Medellin, Colombia. EM htrefftz@sigma.eafit.edu.co; marsic@caip.rutgers.edu; zyda@movesinstitute.org OI Trefftz, Helmuth/0000-0003-2441-506X NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA ONE ROGERS ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142-1209 USA SN 1054-7460 EI 1531-3263 J9 PRESENCE-TELEOP VIRT JI Presence-Teleoper. Virtual Env. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 12 IS 1 BP 37 EP 51 DI 10.1162/105474603763835323 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 661CL UT WOS:000181873600004 ER PT J AU Swift, DJP Parsons, BS Foyle, A Oertel, GF AF Swift, DJP Parsons, BS Foyle, A Oertel, GF TI Between beds and sequences: stratigraphic organization at intermediate scales in the Quaternary of the Virginia coast, USA SO SEDIMENTOLOGY LA English DT Review DE depositional systems; facies; facies models; lithofacies; Quaternary; stratigraphy; Virginia ID INNER SHELF; CHESAPEAKE BAY; UNITED-STATES; DELMARVA PENINSULA; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; ATLANTIC SHELF; SYSTEMS TRACT; ESTUARY; FACIES; SEA AB Stratigraphy presupposes a hierarchy of scales of spatial organization supplemented at the small-scale end by sedimentological concepts (beds, bed sets and bed cosets) and, at larger spatial scales, by sequence-stratigraphic concepts (systems tracts, parasequences, sequences). Between these two end-members are intermediate-scale bodies described as 'lithofacies', or simply 'facies'. A more restricted concept, granulometric facies, can be described in terms of horizontal grain-size gradients ('facies change') and cyclic vertical grain-size gradients ('stratification'). Assemblages of facies so defined (also called depositional systems) are not random, but occur in a limited suite of patterns. Such assemblages may be linked to two classes of bounding surfaces, a source diastem (the immediate source of the sediment) and a surface of closure (if preserved), between which is sandwiched a transgressive or regressive, basinward-fining facies succession. Systems-bounding surfaces are notably more continuous than internal (gradational) facies boundaries. By thus restricting the definition of a facies assemblage (depositional system), it is possible to describe the Quaternary of the Virginia coast with as few as 12 systems. Depositional systems in the Quaternary of the Virginia coast are allometric, in that any system can be derived from any other by plastic expansion of one or more facies relative to another, or by simple symmetry operations. Self-similarity prevails across this intermediate scale of stratigraphic organization. Facies assemblages (depositional systems) consist of event beds, which themselves have erosional basal boundaries and internal successions of microfacies. At larger spatial scales, depositional systems are repeated, either autocyclic repetitions forced by processes within the basin of deposition or allocyclic repetitions, as 'parasequences' and high-frequency sequences. In the Virginia Quaternary, systems architecture is compatible with sequence architecture and nests conformably within its framework, but analysis of systems architecture reveals rules beyond those governing sequence architecture. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Ocean Earth & Atmospher Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Marine Phys Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Penn State Univ, Behrend Coll, Sch Sci, Erie, PA 16563 USA. RP Swift, DJP (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Ocean Earth & Atmospher Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. NR 126 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0037-0746 J9 SEDIMENTOLOGY JI Sedimentology PD FEB PY 2003 VL 50 IS 1 BP 81 EP 111 DI 10.1046/j.1365-3091.2003.00540.x PG 31 WC Geology SC Geology GA 646VX UT WOS:000181057200004 ER PT J AU Gao, ZQ Fan, XG Bian, LG AF Gao, ZQ Fan, XG Bian, LG TI An analytical solution to one-dimensional thermal conduction-convection in soil SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE analytical solution; soil; thermal conduction; thermal convection ID FLUXES; WATER AB The equation of one-dimensional thermal conduction and convection in soil is solved analytically by applying the traditional harmonic method (HM) and the Laplace transform method (LTM). A simple method to determine accurate values of soil heat diffusivity and liquid water flux density is given. Using this method, we determined the soil thermal diffusivity, k = 0.85 X 10(-6) m(2) s(-1), and liquid water flux density, W = 4.3 X 10(-6) m(3) s(-1) m(-2), for the Naqu site in the summer of 1998. An experimental evaluation of the proposed methods is also given. C1 Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Gao, ZQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. NR 21 TC 50 Z9 76 U1 7 U2 24 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 168 IS 2 BP 99 EP 107 DI 10.1097/01.ss.0000055305.23789.be PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 646EY UT WOS:000181023000004 ER PT J AU Boos, JB Bennett, BR Kruppa, W Park, D Mittereder, J Chang, W Turner, NH AF Boos, JB Bennett, BR Kruppa, W Park, D Mittereder, J Chang, W Turner, NH TI AlSb/InAs HEMTs with a TiW/Au gate metalization for improved stability SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium (ISDRS 01) CY DEC 05-07, 2001 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP IEEE, Electron Device Soc, USA, Res Off, Natl Sci Fdn, USA, Res Lab, NASA, Univ Maryland, Elect & Comp Engn Dept DE TiW; HEMTs; HFETs; AlSb; InAs AB We report on the fabrication and characteristics of AlSb/InAs high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) with a TiW/Au gate metalization. Using gate leakage and S-parameter measurements as a measure of stability, the HEMTs were found to be thermally stable up to 180 degreesC when heat treated in a H-2/N-2 ambient. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Boos, JB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6853, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008 OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213 NR 4 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 47 IS 2 BP 181 EP 184 AR PII S0038-1101(02)00192-2 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(02)00192-2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 628LR UT WOS:000179997200003 ER PT J AU Mitra, S Rao, MV Jones, K Papanicolaou, N Wilson, S AF Mitra, S Rao, MV Jones, K Papanicolaou, N Wilson, S TI Deep levels in ion implanted field effect transistors on SiC SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium (ISDRS 01) CY DEC 05-07, 2001 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP IEEE, Electron Device Soc, USA, Res Off, Natl Sci Fdn, USA, Res Lab, NASA, Univ Maryland, Elect & Comp Engn Dept DE SiC; ion implantation; annealing; deep levels; MESFET; MISFET; DLTS ID TRANSIENT SPECTROSCOPY; ADVANCED POWER; SILICON; DEVICES AB N-channel FETs fabricated in SiC by ion implantation are studied by using deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) to detect deep levels, which may influence device performance significantly. Enhancement mode MISFETs, made on 6H-SiC p-type epilayer using nitrogen source/drain implantation and MESFETs, made on semi-insulating bulk 4H-SiC using nitrogen as the channel and source/drain implantations were used for the DLTS characterization. For both of these devices, effective channel mobility is much smaller than the bulk mobility, due to possible residual implant lattice damage or dielectric/SiC interface traps. For MESFETs five different traps were identified and characterized by activation energies of 0.51, 0.6, 0.68, 0.768 and 0.89 eV above the valence band edge E,. Five gate dielectric traps and eight interface hole/electron traps were revealed for MISFETs. Gate dielectric traps were distinguished by different activation energies of 0.109, 0.132, 0.15, 0.4 and 0.6 eV. Two shallow gate dielectric/semiconductor interface traps were identified at E-v + 0.2 eV (hole trap) and E-c - 0.362 eV (electron trap). Four deep level traps were found in the activation energy range of 0.6-0.8 eV above the valence band edge with capture cross-section similar to10(-16)-10(-17) cm(2). Other traps were detected at DeltaE = 0.437 and 0.47 eV above E-v. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Motorola Inc, SPS, Digital DNA Labs, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA. RP Rao, MV (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 47 IS 2 BP 193 EP 198 AR PII S0038-1101(02)00194-6 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(02)00194-6 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 628LR UT WOS:000179997200005 ER PT J AU Sampson, AR Singh, H Whitaker, LR AF Sampson, AR Singh, H Whitaker, LR TI Order restricted estimators: some bias results SO STATISTICS & PROBABILITY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE order restricted estimators; intuitive considerations; common variance ID ISOTONIC REGRESSION AB Stimulated by practical concerns in the use of order restricted estimators, we study some bias issues of isotonic estimators of ordered parameters. We obtain explicit expressions for biases of order restricted estimators of ordered means of two normal populations with common variance. Based on intuitive. considerations, we also propose a new estimator of the common variance of two normal populations having ordered normal means and show that it has smaller bias than the maximum likelihood estimator of the variance and has smaller mean squared error than the usual unbiased estimator of the common variance. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Stat, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Stat, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7152 J9 STAT PROBABIL LETT JI Stat. Probab. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 2003 VL 61 IS 3 BP 299 EP 308 AR PII S0167-7152(02)00392-9 DI 10.1016/S0167-7152(02)00392-9 PG 10 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 644EC UT WOS:000180904100009 ER PT J AU Wu, C Carr, MA AF Wu, C Carr, MA TI Intelligent computer-aided design optimization of heat pumps SO STRUCTURAL AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY OPTIMIZATION LA English DT Article DE intelligent computer; vapor cycle; heat; pump; design; optimization AB The Rankine vapor cycle plays a very important role in heat pump design and analysis. The vapor heat pump cycle design process can be long and tedious. The designer must obtain various cycle performance parameters, including compressor work, heat added, cooling load, and coefficient, of performance (COP), both quickly and accurately. This paper describes the use of an intelligent computer-aided software program in design and possible refinements of vapor heat pump technology. Several different arrangements of Rankine heat pump cycles are demonstrated. Objectives for improvements, constraints, and design optimization, which cannot be easily accomplished using conventional hand calculations, are emphasized. Using the featured software increases the engineer's efficiency and abilities in analyzing vapor heat pump designs. C1 USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Wu, C (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1615-147X J9 STRUCT MULTIDISCIP O JI Struct. Multidiscip. Optim. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 24 IS 6 BP 457 EP 463 DI 10.1007/s00158-002-0259-2 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA 657FD UT WOS:000181654100006 ER PT J AU Scharf, TW Singer, IL AF Scharf, TW Singer, IL TI Quantification of the thickness of carbon transfer films using Raman tribometry SO TRIBOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE friction; transfer film; Raman spectroscopy; diamond-like carbon ID DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; IN-SITU; NANOCOMPOSITE COATINGS; FRICTION BEHAVIOR; SLIDING CONTACT; SILICON-NITRIDE; WEAR BEHAVIOR; 3RD BODIES; SPECTROSCOPY; LUBRICANTS AB A method to quantify transfer film thickness of diamond-like nanocomposite (DLN) coatings during sliding is presented. Previously, we showed that as the transfer film thickened then thinned, Raman carbon spectra evolved from that of the coating, to the transfer film, then back again to the coating. In this paper, the transfer film thickness is quantified using Raman spectra with stylus profilometry and a light-scattering model based on Beer's Law. Non-linear least-square fits of Raman intensity versus thickness data of several transfer films gave an optical mean free path of similar to500 nm. The model was also used to quantify transfer film thickness between 10 and 960 nm from the Raman intensity ( at a given frequency) of the combined coating transfer film spectrum. Finally, the model was applied to in situ spectra during sliding to establish a thickness at which a transfer film wore through causing a rise in friction. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Scharf, TW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6176, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 32 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1023-8883 J9 TRIBOL LETT JI Tribol. Lett. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 14 IS 2 BP 137 EP 145 DI 10.1023/A:1021942822261 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 629KJ UT WOS:000180048600012 ER PT J AU Knaff, JA DeMaria, M Sampson, CR Gross, JM AF Knaff, JA DeMaria, M Sampson, CR Gross, JM TI Statistical, 5-day tropical cyclone intensity forecasts derived from climatology and persistence SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID TRACK FORECASTS; ATLANTIC BASIN; SCHEME AB Tropical cyclone track forecasting has improved recently to the point at which extending the official forecasts of both track and intensity to 5 days is being considered at the National Hurricane Center and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Current verification procedures at both of these operational centers utilize a suite of control models, derived from the "climatology'' and "persistence'' techniques, that make forecasts out to 3 days. To evaluate and verify 5-day forecasts, the current suite of control forecasts needs to be redeveloped to extend the forecasts from 72 to 120 h. This paper describes the development of 5-day tropical cyclone intensity forecast models derived from climatology and persistence for the Atlantic, the eastern North Pacific, and the western North Pacific Oceans. Results using independent input data show that these new models possess similar error and bias characteristics when compared with their predecessors in the North Atlantic and eastern North Pacific but that the west Pacific model shows a statistically significant improvement when compared with its forerunner. Errors associated with these tropical cyclone intensity forecast models are also shown to level off beyond 3 days in all of the basins studied. C1 Colorado State Univ, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NOAA, NESDIS, Ft Collins, CO USA. USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. Trop Predict Ctr, Miami, FL USA. RP Knaff, JA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Foothills Campus, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RI Sampson, Charles/F-5684-2010; Knaff, John /F-5599-2010; DeMaria, Mark/F-5583-2010 OI Knaff, John /0000-0003-0427-1409; NR 28 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 18 IS 1 BP 80 EP 92 DI 10.1175/1520-0434(2003)018<0080:SDTCIF>2.0.CO;2 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 646QT UT WOS:000181046300007 ER PT J AU Hartman, JR Vachet, RW Pearson, W Wheat, RJ Callahan, JH AF Hartman, JR Vachet, RW Pearson, W Wheat, RJ Callahan, JH TI A comparison of the gas, solution, and solid state coordination environments for the copper(II) complexes of a series of aminopyridine ligands of varying coordination number SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE tripod; copper(II); coordination complexes; mass spectroscopy; EPR; electrochemistry ID ION-MOLECULE REACTIONS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL EPR; REDOX POTENTIALS; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; TRIPODAL LIGAND; METAL-COMPLEXES; PHASE COMPLEXES; DIIMINE LIGANDS; AMINO-ACIDS; X-RAY AB The synthesis and characterization of the copper(II) complexes of a series of aminopyridine ligands that range from tri- to heptadentate is described. The ligands include the tripod ligand tris(2-((2-pyridylmethyl)amino)ethyl)amine, TREN-pyr, and the following linear ligands: (2-pyridylmethyl)(2-(2-(2-((2-pyridylmethyl)amino)ethyl)amino)ethyl)amine, TRIEN-pyr; bis(2-((2-pyridylmethyl)amino)ethyl)amine, DIEN-pyr; (2-pyridylmethyl)(2-((2-pyridylmethyl)amino)ethyl)amine, EN-pyr; bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine, AM-pyr; and methyl(2-((-pyridylmethyl)amino)ethyl)amine, MeEN-pyr. The following methods were used to determine the binding geometries of the Cu(II) complexes in the solid, solution, and gas phases: magnetic susceptibility measurements, absorption spectroscopy, EPR spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and analyzing the gas phase ion-molecule reactions in a mass spectrometer. The solid state structures for the TRIEN-pyr and DIEN-pyr complexes were determined by X-ray crystallography. [Cu(TRIEN-pyr)](BF4)(2) crystallized in the octahedral system, space group Pbca, with a = 9.4107(7), b =17.536(13), c = 30.132(6) Angstrom, and Z = 8 (R = 0.064, R-w = 0.060). [Cu(DIEN-pyr)](BF4)(2) crystallized in the octahedral system, space group Pbca, with a = 29.137(5), b = 14.829(3), c = 9.850(1) Angstrom, and Z = 8 (R = 0.071, R-w = 0.066). The coordination numbers of the Cu(II) complexes in this study are dependent on the denticity of the ligand. The complexes with AM-pyr, MeEN-pyr and TRIEN-pyr appear to be six-coordinate, DIEN-pyr to be five-coordinate and the EN-pyr to be four-coordinate in the solid state. The TREN-pyr complex was isolated as a dimer in the solid state but appears to be a tetragonally distorted monomeric complex in the solution and gas phases. For all of the complexes except DIEN-pyr, the coordination sphere appears to be independent of the phase of the complex. The Cu(II) DIEN-pyr complex appears to be five-coordinate in the solid phase, a mixture of four- and five-coordinate in the solution phase, and predominately four-coordinate in the gas phase. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hartman, JR (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, 572 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 69 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1693 J9 INORG CHIM ACTA JI Inorg. Chim. Acta PD JAN 30 PY 2003 VL 343 BP 119 EP 132 AR PII S0020-1693(02)01229-X DI 10.1016/S0020-1693(02)01229-X PG 14 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 643PT UT WOS:000180870200015 ER PT J AU Pique, A Auyeung, RCY Stepnowski, JL Weir, DW Arnold, CB McGill, RA Chrisey, DB AF Pique, A Auyeung, RCY Stepnowski, JL Weir, DW Arnold, CB McGill, RA Chrisey, DB TI Laser processing of polymer thin films for chemical sensor applications SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films CY APR 22-26, 2002 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP AVS Sci & Technol Soc, Adv Surface Engn Div DE polymer thin films; matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation; laser forward transfer; chemical sensors; saw resonators; chemiresistor ID LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; EVAPORATION MAPLE; ELECTRONIC NOSE; DEPOSITION; ABLATION; GROWTH; NM AB Contemporary and next-generation commercial and defense-related platforms offer countless applications for thin-film polymer coatings, including the areas of microelectronics, optoelectronics, and miniature chemical and biological sensors. In many cases, the compositional and structural complexity, and the anisotropy of the material properties preclude the processing of many of these polymers by conventional physical or chemical vapor deposition methods. The Naval Research Laboratory has developed several advanced laser-based processing techniques for depositing polymer thin films for a variety of structures and devices. The two techniques detailed in this work, matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) and MAPLE direct-write (MAPLE DW), are based on the concept of laser absorption by a matrix solution consisting of a solvent and the desired polymer. MAPLE is a physical vapor deposition process that takes place inside a vacuum chamber, while MAPLE DW is a laser forward-transfer process that is carried out under atmospheric conditions. Both processes have been successfully used in the fabrication of thin films and structures of a range of organic materials and systems. Examples of their use in the fabrication of two types of chemical sensors, together with a comparison of the performance of these laser-processed sensors and that of similar sensors made by traditional techniques are provided. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pique, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6370, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 29 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JAN 30 PY 2003 VL 163 BP 293 EP 299 AR PII S0257-8972(02)00606-0 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(02)00606-0 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 636JG UT WOS:000180450700046 ER PT J AU Bettess, P Shirron, J Laghrouche, O Peseux, B Sugimoto, R Trevelyan, J AF Bettess, P Shirron, J Laghrouche, O Peseux, B Sugimoto, R Trevelyan, J TI A numerical integration scheme for special finite elements for the Helmholtz equation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE short waves; finite elements; special finite elements; semi-analytical integration; numerical integration; partition of unity method (PUM) ID HIGH WAVE-NUMBER; PARTITION; DIFFRACTION; VERSION; FEM AB The theory for integrating the element matrices for rectangular, triangular and quadrilateral finite elements for the solution of the Helmholtz equation for very short waves is presented. A numerical integration scheme is developed. Samples of Maple and Fortran code for the evaluation of integration abscissae and weights are made available. The results are compared with those obtained using large numbers of Gauss-Legendre integration points for a range of testing wave problems. The results demonstrate that the method gives correct results, which gives confidence in the procedures, and show that large savings in computation time can be achieved. Copyright (C) 2002 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Durham, Sch Engn, Sci Labs, Durham DH1 3LE, England. SFA Inc, USN, Res Lab, Largo, MD 20774 USA. Ecole Cent Nantes, F-44321 Nantes, France. RP Bettess, P (reprint author), Univ Durham, Sch Engn, Sci Labs, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RI Trevelyan, Jon/K-1955-2012; OI Laghrouche, Omar/0000-0002-2439-2753 NR 36 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD JAN 28 PY 2003 VL 56 IS 4 BP 531 EP 552 DI 10.1002/nme.575 PG 22 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 638VZ UT WOS:000180594100003 ER PT J AU Claassen, JH AF Claassen, JH TI Noncontacting measurement of the inductive nonlinearity of a superconducting thin film SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INDUCTANCE AB Superconducting films are expected to contribute nonlinear effects in microwave circuits due to a current dependence of penetration depth lambda. Data from a two-coil mutual inductance measurement can be used to extract the coefficient J(0) representing a dependence of the form lambda(2)(J)=lambda(2)(0)[1+(J/J(0))(2)]. A method of extracting J(0), using a measurement of third-harmonic generation, is compared to one previously reported. The method is significantly easier to use and probably more accurate. Measurements on a number of YBa2Cu3O7-x films at 78 K have shown no sign of a nonquadratic nonlinearity, and give values of J(0) as high as similar to100 MA/cm(2). C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Claassen, JH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6340, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 27 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 4 BP 601 EP 603 DI 10.1063/1.1539554 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 638GV UT WOS:000180564000039 ER PT J AU Shirley, WM Scoville, SP Merwin, LH AF Shirley, WM Scoville, SP Merwin, LH TI (Arene)tricarbonylchromium complexes synthesized on NaX zeolite: Solid-state NIVIR and DRIFTS studies SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; VI METAL HEXACARBONYLS; FAUJASITIC ZEOLITES; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; Y-ZEOLITE; BENZENE; CHROMIUM; NMR; C-13 AB Various (arene)tricarbonylchromium complexes were synthesized within the confines of NaX zeolite and studied with diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and carbon-13 magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectroscopy. In each case, the surface complex Cr(CO)(3)(O-z)(3) (O-z represents a framework oxygen of the NaX zeolite) was prepared before a particular arene was added. The arenes benzene, toluene, mesitylene, anisole, and aniline all produce hexahapto pi-complexes physisorbed within the zeolite supercage. DRIFTS spectra show three bands in the carbonyl region indicating less than C-3v symmetry. The NMR spectra have narrow carbonyl bands near 240 ppm which indicate rapidly reorienting complexes within the zeolite. The (eta(6)-benzene)tricarbonylchromium complex is physisorbed at two sites as indicated both by the DRIFTS spectra and by two carbonyl resonances at 242.5 and 239.1 ppm at 300 K. Variable-temperature MAS NMR shows these two resonances coalescing near 360 K with an activation energy of 48 6 kJ/mol. When the temperature is decreased to 205 K, the high-frequency carbonyl resonance disappears. The 239 ppm resonance is still narrow at 134 K while MAS sidebands show that the resonance from physisorbed benzene is ca. 200 ppm wide. The complex prepared with pyridine gave a broad resonance as indicated by the spinning sidebands in the MAS NMR spectra. The pyridine complex was identified as Cr(CO)(3)(C5H5N)(3). C1 Pittsburg State Univ, Dept Chem, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Res & Technol Dept,Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Shirley, WM (reprint author), Pittsburg State Univ, Dept Chem, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 27 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 2 BP 358 EP 364 DI 10.1021/ic020512 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 638WC UT WOS:000180594400016 PM 12693215 ER PT J AU Harper, BA Knight, DA George, C Brandow, SL Dressick, WJ Dalcey, CS Schull, TL AF Harper, BA Knight, DA George, C Brandow, SL Dressick, WJ Dalcey, CS Schull, TL TI Coordination chemistry of the water-soluble ligand TPPTP and formation of a [Mo(CO)(5)(m-TPPTP)] monolayer on an alumina surface SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY STRUCTURE; ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS; BIPHASIC CATALYSIS; METAL-COMPLEXES; PHOSPHINE; PALLADIUM(II); DERIVATIVES; 1,3,5-TRIAZA-7-PHOSPHAADAMANTANE; TRIPHENYLPHOSPHANE AB Phosphonate and phosphonic acid functionalized phosphine complexes of platinum(II) were prepared via direct reaction of the ligands with K2PtCl4 in water. Either cis or trans geometries were found depending on the nature of the ligand. The crystal structure of P(3-C6H4PO3H2)(3).2H(2)O (6b) (triclinic, P (1) over bar, a = 8.3501(6) Angstrom, b = 10.1907(6) Angstrom, c = 14.6529(14) Angstrom, alpha = 94.177(6)degrees, beta = 105.885(6)degrees, gamma = 108.784(5)degrees, Z = 2) shows a layered arrangement of the phosphonic acid. The phosphonodiamide complex cis-[PtCl2(P[4-C6H4PO{N(CH3}(2)}](3))(2)].3H(2)O (10) was synthesized in 89% yield and hydrolyzed to the phosphonic acid complex using dilute HCl. Aqueous phase and silica gel supported catalytic phosphonylation of phenyl triflate using palladium phosphine complexes was achieved. A molybdenum complex, Mo(CO)(5){P(3-C6H4PO3H2)(3)} (11), was synthesized in situ and grafted to an alumina surface. XPS, RBS, and AFM studies confirm the formation of a monolayer of 11 on the alumina surface. C1 Loyola Univ, Dept Chem, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Knight, DA (reprint author), USN, ASEE Summer Fac, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Knight, David/0000-0001-5510-6265 NR 52 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 27 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 2 BP 516 EP 524 DI 10.1021/ic025862a PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 638WC UT WOS:000180594400035 PM 12693234 ER PT J AU Stephan, AW Meier, RR Dymond, KF Budzien, SA McCoy, RP AF Stephan, AW Meier, RR Dymond, KF Budzien, SA McCoy, RP TI Quenching rate coefficients for O+(P-2) derived from middle ultraviolet airglow SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ultraviolet; airglow; quenching; thermosphere; oxygen; nitrogen ID ATOMIC OXYGEN; DAYGLOW; NITROGEN; THERMOSPHERE; MIDLATITUDE; ATMOSPHERE; IONIZATION; EMISSIONS; DENSITIES; RETRIEVAL AB [1] O+(P-2) is produced in the sunlit thermosphere primarily by photoionization of atomic oxygen. Thermospheric atomic oxygen concentrations can be inferred from measurements of airglow produced near 732.0 nm by the transition of this excited state to the D-2 state and at 247.0 nm by the transition to the S-4 ground state. The accuracy of these concentrations depends on the accuracy of the important chemical reaction rates used in the airglow model, including quenching of O+(P-2). We obtain coefficients for the quenching of O+(P-2) by O and N-2 by modeling rocket and satellite limb measurements of thermospheric middle ultraviolet (MUV) airglow at 247.0 nm. We derive a reaction rate for N-2 of 1.8 x 10(-10) cm(3) s(-1), which is lower than the value obtained by other airglow studies but in agreement with laboratory measurements. We obtain a best fit value for the O reaction rate of 5.0 x 10(-11) cm(3) s(-1), with an upper limit of 8.4 x 10(-11) cm(3) s(-1). The value of the O reaction rate determined by fits to 172 altitude profiles of the 247.0 nm emission shows a strong correlation with the magnitude of the excitation g factor. However, the airglow profile above 260 km favors the upper limit we have identified. C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Stephan, AW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7643, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Meier, Robert/G-4749-2014; OI Meier, Robert/0000-0001-8497-7115; Dymond, Kenneth/0000-0001-8060-9016 NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JAN 24 PY 2003 VL 108 IS A1 AR 1034 DI 10.1029/2002JA009540 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 660KJ UT WOS:000181832100002 ER PT J AU Kral, MV Spanos, G AF Kral, MV Spanos, G TI Crystallography of grain boundary cementite dendrites SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE dendrite; cementite; austenite; EBSD (Electron Backscatter Diffraction) orientation relationship ID WIDMANSTATTEN CEMENTITE; ORIENTATION RELATIONSHIP; GROWTH; AUSTENITE; MORPHOLOGY; INTERFACE; ALLOYS; INTERDIFFUSION; PLATES; STEEL AB The crystallography and morphology of proeutectoid grain boundary cementite precipitates were studied in an isothermally transformed Fe-1.3%C-12%Mn steel. Grain boundary cementite precipitates develop with complex variations of a morphology that can be described as fern-like dendrites growing preferentially within and along austenite grain boundaries. The dendritic morphology was made most readily apparent by deep etching specimens of the alloy whose growth had been arrested after relatively short times during the solid state austenite-->cementite transformation. Trace analysis revealed that these precipitates usually have no crystallographically preferred primary or secondary dendrite arm growth directions. Electron Backscattered Diffraction pattern analysis showed that most of the grain boundary cementite precipitates approximated one of the known cementite-austenite crystallographic orientation relationships (OR) with at least one of its adjacent austenite grains. Occasionally, the grain boundary cementite exhibited an OR that achieved 'best fit' directions between the cementite and austenite in both adjacent austenite grains. (C) 2002 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Canterbury, Dept Mech Engn, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. USN, Res Lab, Phys Met Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kral, MV (reprint author), Univ Canterbury, Dept Mech Engn, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. RI Kral, Milo/C-2904-2009 NR 48 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JAN 22 PY 2003 VL 51 IS 2 BP 301 EP 311 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00231-8 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 643CR UT WOS:000180844800002 ER PT J AU Siskind, DE Eckermann, SD McCormack, JP Alexander, MJ Bacmeister, JT AF Siskind, DE Eckermann, SD McCormack, JP Alexander, MJ Bacmeister, JT TI Hemispheric differences in the temperature of the summertime stratosphere and mesosphere SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE mesosphere; stratosphere; gravity waves; polar mesospheric clouds; temperature ID GRAVITY-WAVE; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; THERMAL STRUCTURE; MESOPAUSE REGION; 2-DIMENSIONAL MODEL; SEASONAL-VARIATIONS; LOWER THERMOSPHERE; DOWNWARD CONTROL; WATER-VAPOR; MEAN-FLOW AB [1] We study two processes which may govern interhemispheric differences in the temperature of the summertime middle atmosphere. The first is the direct radiative effect arising from the eccentricity of Earth's orbit. The second factor is the difference in gravity-wave filtering due to the hemispheric asymmetries in the summertime mean winds of the troposphere and lower stratosphere. Using two different gravity-wave drag parameterizations and a zonal wind climatology, we find greater gravity wave induced acceleration of the zonal flow in the southern summer lower stratosphere, which leads to weaker gravity wave drag in the southern upper mesosphere. Using a two-dimensional chemical-dynamical model, we evaluate the temperature changes caused by these drag differences and compare them with those caused by direct radiative asymmetry. The radiative asymmetry peaks in the upper stratosphere but is nonnegligible between 20 and 80 km. The dynamical asymmetry has a primary contribution in the upper mesosphere and a secondary contribution in the lower stratosphere. Overall, our results support the idea that poleward of 30degrees the southern middle atmosphere is warmer than the north by 3-8K between 20 and 85 km. As a result, our model suggests that the relative humidity of the northern summer mesopause region is greater than in the south. This implies that mesospheric clouds (PMCs and NLCs) should be more frequent and more extensive in the north than in the south. C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Colorado Res Associates, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. RP Siskind, DE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7640,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM siskind@uap2.nrl.navy.mil; eckerman@uap2.nrl.navy.mil; mccormack@uap2.nrl.navy.mil; alexand@colorado-research.com; bacmj@janus.gsfc.nasa.gov OI Siskind, David/0000-0003-1394-7730 NR 45 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 22 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D2 AR 4051 DI 10.1029/2002JD002095 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 660FT UT WOS:000181823700001 ER PT J AU Herbers, THC Orzech, M Elgar, S Guza, RT AF Herbers, THC Orzech, M Elgar, S Guza, RT TI Shoaling transformation of wave frequency-directional spectra SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE ocean waves; wave spectra; beach; surf ID SURFACE GRAVITY-WAVES; BOUSSINESQ MODEL; BREAKING WAVES; BEACH; EVOLUTION; NEARSHORE; ENERGY; WATER AB [1] A Boussinesq model for the nonlinear transformation of the frequency-directional spectrum and bispectrum of surface gravity waves propagating over a gently sloping, alongshore uniform beach is compared with field and laboratory observations. Outside the surf zone the model predicts the observed spectral evolution, including energy transfers to harmonic components traveling in the direction of the dominant waves, and the cross-interactions of waves traveling in different directions that transfer energy to components with the vector sum wavenumber. The sea surface elevation skewness and asymmetry, third-order moments believed to be important for sediment transport, also are predicted well. Effects of surf zone wave breaking are incorporated with a heuristic frequency-dependent dissipation term in the spectral energy balance equation and an empirical relaxation of the bispectrum to Gaussian statistics. The associated coefficients are calibrated with observations that span a wide range of surf zone conditions. With calibrated coefficients, the model predicts observed surf zone frequency spectra well and surf zone skewness and asymmetry fairly well. The observed directional spectra inside the surf zone are broader than the predicted spectra, suggesting that neglected scattering effects associated with the random onset of wave breaking or with higher-order nonlinearity may be important. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Appl Ocean Phys & Engn MS 11, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Integrat Oceanog Div, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Herbers, THC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 37 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JAN 21 PY 2003 VL 108 IS C1 AR 3013 DI 10.1029/2001JC001304 PG 17 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 660JC UT WOS:000181829200001 ER PT J AU Ratna, BR Soto, CM Danner, L Blum, AS Fang, J Lin, T Johnson, JE AF Ratna, BR Soto, CM Danner, L Blum, AS Fang, J Lin, T Johnson, JE TI Reply to comments on complex pattern formation by cowpea mosaic virus nanoparticles SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Ratna, BR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JAN 21 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 2 BP 489 EP 490 DI 10.1021/1a0265934 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 637NQ UT WOS:000180519200042 ER PT J AU Lee, RL Hernandez-Andres, J AF Lee, RL Hernandez-Andres, J TI Measuring and modeling twilight's purple light SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID STRATOSPHERIC DUST; SKY; COLOR AB During many clear twilights, much of the solar sky is dominated by pastel purples. This purple light's red component has long been ascribed to transmission through and scattering by stratospheric dust and other aerosols. Clearly the vivid purples of post-volcanic twilights are related to increased stratospheric aerosol loading. Yet our time-series measurements of purple-light spectra, combined with radiative transfer modeling and satellite soundings, indicate that background stratospheric aerosols by themselves do not redden sunlight enough to cause the purple light's reds. Furthermore, scattering and extinction in both the troposphere and the stratosphere are needed to explain most purple lights. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 USN Acad, Math & Sci Div, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Univ Granada, Fac Ciencias, E-18071 Granada, Spain. RP USN Acad, Math & Sci Div, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM raylee@usna.edu RI Hernandez-Andres, Javier/B-9085-2013 OI Hernandez-Andres, Javier/0000-0002-6457-7568 NR 28 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 3 BP 445 EP 457 DI 10.1364/AO.42.000445 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA 636XV UT WOS:000180483300017 PM 12570266 ER PT J AU Hernandez-Andres, J Lee, RL Romero, J AF Hernandez-Andres, J Lee, RL Romero, J TI Color and luminance asymmetries in the clear sky SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SPECTRAL DISTRIBUTION; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION; RADIANCE; MODEL; DAYLIGHT; SKYLIGHT; POLARIZATION AB A long-standing assumption about the clear sky is that its colors and luminances are distributed symmetrically about the principal plane. As useful as this approximation is, our digital-image analyses show that clear-sky color and luminance routinely depart perceptibly from exact symmetry. These analyses reconfirm our earlier measurements with narrow field-of-view spectroradiometers [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 18, 1325 (2001)], and they do so with much higher temporal and angular resolution across the entire sky dome. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Granada, Dept Opt, Fac Ciencias, E-18071 Granada, Spain. USN Acad, Div Math & Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Univ Granada, Dept Opt, Fac Ciencias, E-18071 Granada, Spain. EM javierha@ugr.es RI Hernandez-Andres, Javier/B-9085-2013 OI Hernandez-Andres, Javier/0000-0002-6457-7568 NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 3 BP 458 EP 464 DI 10.1364/AO.42.000458 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 636XV UT WOS:000180483300018 PM 12570267 ER PT J AU Nadgorny, B Osofsky, MS Singh, DJ Woods, GT Soulen, RJ Lee, MK Bu, SD Eom, CB AF Nadgorny, B Osofsky, MS Singh, DJ Woods, GT Soulen, RJ Lee, MK Bu, SD Eom, CB TI Measurements of spin polarization of epitaxial SrRuO3 thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ANDREEV REFLECTION; POINT-CONTACT AB We have measured the transport spin polarization of epitaxial thin films of the conductive ferromagnetic oxide, SrRuO3, using point contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy. In spite of the fact that spin-up and spin-down electronic densities of states at the Fermi level for SrRuO3 calculated from band structure theory are practically the same, the experimental transport spin polarization for these films was found to be about 50%. This is a direct consequence of the Fermi velocity disparity between the majority and minority bands. The experimental results are compared with our theoretical estimates of the spin polarization in the ballistic and diffusive limits. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Nadgorny, B (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. EM nadgorny@hal.physics.wayne.edu RI Bu, Sang Don/B-1576-2008; Osofsky, Michael/A-1050-2010; Singh, David/I-2416-2012; Eom, Chang-Beom/I-5567-2014 OI Bu, Sang Don/0000-0003-4883-1308; NR 28 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 20 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 3 BP 427 EP 429 DI 10.1063/1.1539551 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 636HT UT WOS:000180449100039 ER PT J AU Dobisz, EA Bass, R Brandow, SL Chen, MS Dressick, WJ AF Dobisz, EA Bass, R Brandow, SL Chen, MS Dressick, WJ TI Electroless metal discharge layers for electron beam lithography SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NI DEPOSITION; FILM; CATALYST; FEATURES; MASK AB We report a method for fabrication of continuous, conformal, ultrathin (i.e., 15-30 nm) Cu films using a room temperature, aqueous-based, electroless deposition technique on silica and polymer planarizer surfaces. The Cu films are sufficiently homogeneous, electrically conductive, and optically transparent for use as resist discharge layers during e-beam patterning of the substrate. The grounded Cu film, deployed here as a resist underlayer, eliminates the 0.1-0.4 mum subfield stitching errors normally observed in the absence of the Cu film during resist patterning on a glass or insulating substrate. The Cu is readily removed using a nitric acid wet etch following patterning. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dobisz, EA (reprint author), IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. NR 18 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 20 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 3 BP 478 EP 480 DI 10.1063/1.1538350 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 636HT UT WOS:000180449100056 ER PT J AU Petrovykh, DY Yang, MJ Whitman, LJ AF Petrovykh, DY Yang, MJ Whitman, LJ TI Chemical and electronic properties of sulfur-passivated InAs surfaces SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; surface electrical transport (surface conductivity; surface recombination, etc.); surface electronic phenomena (work function, surface potential, surface states, etc.); etching; oxidation; indium arsenide; sulphides ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-SPECTROSCOPY; RAY-PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; V SEMICONDUCTOR SURFACES; SULFIDE PASSIVATION; ACCUMULATION LAYER; GAAS SURFACE; STATES; BAND; ALKANETHIOLS AB Treatment with ammonium sulfide ((NH4)(2)S-x) Solutions is used to produce model passivated InAs(001) surfaces with well-defined chemical and electronic properties. The passivation effectively removes oxides and contaminants, with minimal surface etching, and creates a covalently bonded sulfur layer with good short-term stability in ambient air and a variety of aqueous solutions, as characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Hall measurements. The sulfur passivation also preserves the surface charge accumulation layer, increasing the associated downward band bending. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Petrovykh, DY (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6177,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Petrovykh, Dmitri/A-3432-2008; Whitman, Lloyd/G-9320-2011 OI Petrovykh, Dmitri/0000-0001-9089-4076; Whitman, Lloyd/0000-0002-3117-1174 NR 55 TC 89 Z9 90 U1 3 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JAN 20 PY 2003 VL 523 IS 3 BP 231 EP 240 AR PII S0039-6028(02)02411-1 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(02)02411-1 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 639EL UT WOS:000180614600006 ER PT J AU Ashman, C Khanna, SN Pederson, MR AF Ashman, C Khanna, SN Pederson, MR TI Hydrogen absorption and magnetic moment of Ni-n clusters SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL CALCULATIONS; TRANSITION-METAL CLUSTERS; IRON CLUSTERS; CHEMISORPTION; APPROXIMATION AB Theoretical studies to investigate the effect of H absorption on the magnetic moment of small Ni-n clusters have been carried out using gradient corrected density functional approach. Our studies on clusters containing up to 4 Ni and 2 H atoms show that the successive addition of H atoms to Ni-n clusters leads to an oscillatory change in the magnetic moment. Electronic structure analysis shows that, in most cases, the changes in the magnetic moment can be related to the relative position of the majority and minority lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the preceding cluster. Ni2H2 is found to be marked by energetically close isomers with spin singlet and triplet multiplicities. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23112 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci 6392, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Phys, POB 842000, Richmond, VA 23112 USA. EM snkhanna@saturn.vcu.edu NR 17 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 EI 1873-4448 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 17 PY 2003 VL 368 IS 3-4 BP 257 EP 261 AR PII S0009-2614(02)01807-9 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(02)01807-9 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 634VA UT WOS:000180361200001 ER PT J AU Katz, DE DeLorimier, AJ Wolf, MK Hall, ER Cassels, FJ van Hamont, JE Newcomer, R Davachi, MA Taylor, DN McQueen, CE AF Katz, DE DeLorimier, AJ Wolf, MK Hall, ER Cassels, FJ van Hamont, JE Newcomer, R Davachi, MA Taylor, DN McQueen, CE TI Oral immunization of adult volunteers with microencapsulated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) CS6 antigen SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Vaccines for Enteric Diseases (VED 2001) CY SEP 12-14, 2001 CL TAMPERE, FINLAND DE enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC); biodegradable microspheres; oral immunization ID COLONIZATION FACTOR ANTIGENS; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; BIODEGRADABLE MICROSPHERES; VACCINE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; CHALLENGE AB As a step in the development of an oral vaccine against ETEC, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of CS6, a polymeric protein commonly found on the surface of ETEC. Formulations included I and 5 mg doses of CS6, either encapsulated in biodegradable polymer poly(D, L)-lactide-co-glycolide (PLG), or as free protein, administered orally in a solution of either normal saline or a rice-based buffer. Three doses of CS6 were given at 2-week intervals. Blood was collected immediately before and 7 days after each dose. All formulations were well tolerated. Four of five volunteers who received I mg CS6 in PLG microspheres with buffer had significant IgA ASC responses (median = 30 ASC per 10(6) PBMC) and significant serum IgG responses (median = 3.5-fold increase). Oral administration of these prototype ETEC vaccine formulations are safe and can elicit immune responses. The ASC, serum IgA, and serum IgG responses to CS6 are similar in magnitude to the responses after challenge with wild-type ETEC [Coster et al., unpublished data]. Further studies are underway to determine whether these immune responses are sufficient for protection. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Therapeut, Forest Glen Sect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Trials, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pharm, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Headquarters, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Katz, DE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 20 TC 84 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 17 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 5-6 BP 341 EP 346 AR PII S0264-410X(02)00613-8 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(02)00613-8 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 645BM UT WOS:000180956400003 PM 12531630 ER PT J AU Vranjican, MK AF Vranjican, MK TI Make pharmacy a medical specialty? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Letter C1 Naval Hosp, Jacksonville, FL 32214 USA. RP Vranjican, MK (reprint author), Naval Hosp, Jacksonville, FL 32214 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD JAN 15 PY 2003 VL 60 IS 2 BP 195 EP 195 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 640AU UT WOS:000180664200016 PM 12561668 ER PT J AU Dunlap, BI AF Dunlap, BI TI Angular momentum in solid-harmonic-Gaussian integral evaluation SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; MULTICENTER MOLECULAR INTEGRALS; J-MATRIX ENGINE; SPHERICAL-HARMONICS; FOURIER-TRANSFORM; ORBITALS; GRADIENTS; ELEMENTS AB Solid-harmonic derivatives of generalized Gaussian functions-exponential functions of a scalar argument that has no third derivatives with respect to any nuclear coordinate-are evaluated for three, four, and five centers without coupling any of the original angular momenta. Generalized Gaunt coefficients arise in this approach. They represent scalar coupling of all angular momenta lost from cross differentiation. All formulas are independent of all original angular momenta, which aids the evaluation of all integrals involving n centers at one time. Recurrence relations are given for the 3-j generalized Gaunt coefficient. The methods of Racah are used to obtain the coefficients that transform the generalized Gaunt coefficients into a representation in which the angular momentum lost due to cross differentiation are arbitrarily coupled, and thus show directly that the generalized Gaunt coefficients always represent scalar coupling. More intermediate information can be reused if the coupled generalized Gaunt coefficients are used to evaluate all the integrals involving a given set of centers. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, Res Lab, Theoret Chem Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dunlap, BI (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Theoret Chem Sect, Code 6189, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Dunlap, Brett/0000-0003-1356-6559 NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 3 BP 1036 EP 1043 DI 10.1063/1.1528935 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 634AB UT WOS:000180316700006 ER EF