FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT S AU Gaskill, DK Hite, JK Culbertson, JC Jernigan, GG Tedesco, JL Nyakiti, LO Wheeler, VD Myers-Ward, RL Garces, NY Eddy, CR AF Gaskill, D. K. Hite, J. K. Culbertson, J. C. Jernigan, G. G. Tedesco, J. L. Nyakiti, L. O. Wheeler, V. D. Myers-Ward, R. L. Garces, N. Y. Eddy, C. R., Jr. BE Monakhov, EV Hornos, T Svensson, BG TI Observations on C-face SiC Graphene Growth in Argon SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2010 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th European Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2010 CL Sundvolden Conf Ctr, Oslo, NORWAY SP Aixtron, Dow Corning, Birkeland Innovation, Centrotherm, CREE Inc, Gen Elect, LPE, Norden NordForsk, SiCED, SiCrystal AG, Res Council Norway, Univ Oslo HO Sundvolden Conf Ctr DE Epitaxial graphene; graphene growth; C-face SiC ID EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE; CARRIER MOBILITY AB The growth of epitaxial graphene on C-face 6H-SiC substrates is investigated using process conditions that can form small, local areas of graphene. The thickness of SiC lost to Si sublimation is not completely countered by the thickness of the resulting graphene and so graphene-covered basins (GCBs) are formed. The GCBs are most likely nucleated at threading dislocations from the substrate. The GCB morphology exhibits ridges, similar to those found on continuous films. The GCBs expand through erosion of the surrounding SiC substrate walls, eventually coalescing into continuous films. The ratio of the Raman D and G peaks was used to estimate the crystallite length scale and it was found to be about 200 nm for small GCBs and > 1 mu m for continuous films. C1 [Gaskill, D. K.; Hite, J. K.; Tedesco, J. L.; Nyakiti, L. O.; Wheeler, V. D.; Myers-Ward, R. L.; Garces, N. Y.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Adv SiC Epitaxial Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Culbertson, J. C.] USN, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gaskill, DK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Adv SiC Epitaxial Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gaskill@nrl.navy.mil RI Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 FU NRL's NanoScience Institute; Office of Naval Research FX Dr.J.K. Hite, Dr. L.O. Nyakiti, Dr. J.L. Tedesco and Dr. V.D. Wheeler are grateful for ASEE postdoctoral fellowships. This work was supported through NRL's NanoScience Institute and funded by the Office of Naval Research. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2011 VL 679-680 BP 789 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.679-680.789 PG 2 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA BVJ83 UT WOS:000291673500189 ER PT S AU Goss, JP Briddon, PR Nagareddy, VK Wright, NG Horsfall, AB Caldwell, JD Gaskill, DK Jernigan, GG AF Goss, Jonathan P. Briddon, Patrick R. Nagareddy, Venkata K. Wright, Nicholas G. Horsfall, Alton B. Caldwell, Joshua D. Gaskill, D. Kurt Jernigan, Glenn G. BE Monakhov, EV Hornos, T Svensson, BG TI Influence of intercalated silicon on the transport properties of graphene SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2010 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th European Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2010 CL Sundvolden Conf Ctr, Oslo, NORWAY SP Aixtron, Dow Corning, Birkeland Innovation, Centrotherm, CREE Inc, Gen Elect, LPE, Norden NordForsk, SiCED, SiCrystal AG, Res Council Norway, Univ Oslo HO Sundvolden Conf Ctr DE graphene; silicon; doping; density function theory ID EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE; POINTS AB Epitaxial graphene produced from SiC substrates exhibits a carrier mobility reduction thought to arise from intercalated silicon. We present the results of density functional simulations and show that individual silicon atoms are highly mobile on and between graphene sheets, suggesting that thermally stable structures involving individual Si impurities are likely to result from the interaction of silicon with defects in the graphene sheets. C1 [Goss, Jonathan P.; Briddon, Patrick R.; Nagareddy, Venkata K.; Wright, Nicholas G.; Horsfall, Alton B.] Newcastle Univ, Sch Elect Elect & Comp Engn, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Caldwell, Joshua D.; Gaskill, D. Kurt; Jernigan, Glenn G.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Goss, JP (reprint author), Newcastle Univ, Sch Elect Elect & Comp Engn, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. EM J.P.Goss@ncl.ac.k; Patrick.Briddon@ncl.ac.k; V.K.Nagareddy@ncl.ac.k; N.G.Wright@ncl.ac.k; A.B.Horsfall@ncl.ac.k; joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil; kurt.gaskill@nrl.navy.mil; glenn.jernigan@nrl.navy.mil RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; Wright, Nick/O-1092-2013; Nagareddy, Karthik/F-3380-2014; OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Nagareddy, Karthik/0000-0002-8765-3834; Wright, Nicholas/0000-0003-3169-4159 FU Extreme Technologies Project; EPSRC; Dorothy Hodgkins Postgraduate Award scheme FX We wish to thank ONE North East under the Extreme Technologies Project and EPSRC for a PhD studentship under the Dorothy Hodgkins Postgraduate Award scheme. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2011 VL 679-680 BP 793 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.679-680.793 PG 2 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA BVJ83 UT WOS:000291673500190 ER PT S AU Budzien, SA Stephan, AW Bishop, RL Christensen, AB Hecht, JH Minschwaner, KR AF Budzien, Scott A. Stephan, Andrew W. Bishop, Rebecca L. Christensen, Andrew B. Hecht, James H. Minschwaner, Kenneth R. BE Fineschi, S Fennelly, J TI The RAIDS experiment on the ISS: On-orbit Performance SO SOLAR PHYSICS AND SPACE WEATHER INSTRUMENTATION IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Solar Physics and Space Weather Instrumentation IV CY AUG 21-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE airglow; ultraviolet; remote sensing; thermosphere; ionosphere AB The Remote Atmospheric and Ionospheric Detection System (RAIDS) is new NASA experiment studying the Earth's thermosphere and ionosphere from a vantage point on the International Space Station (ISS). RAIDS along with a companion hyperspectral imaging experiment were launched in September 2009 to operate as the first US payload on the Japanese Experiment Module-Exposed Facility. The scientific objectives of the RAIDS experiment are to study the temperature of the lower thermosphere (100-200 km), to measure composition and chemistry of the lower thermosphere and ionosphere, and to measure the initial source of O+ 83.4 nm emission. The RAIDS sensor complement includes three photometers, three spectrometers, and two spectrographs which span the wavelength range 50-874 nm and scan or image the atmospheric limb 90-300 km. After installation aboard the ISS, RAIDS underwent a 30-day checkout period before entering science operations. RAIDS is serving as a pathfinder for atmospheric remote sensing from the ISS, and the experiment team gained valuable operational insights using this space platform throughout the first year of the mission. This paper describes key aspects of experiment performance relevant to interpreting RAIDS science data and designing future atmospheric remote sensing experiments for the ISS. C1 [Budzien, Scott A.; Stephan, Andrew W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Budzien, SA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-758-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8148 AR 814805 DI 10.1117/12.893962 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BXZ21 UT WOS:000297671900004 ER PT S AU Moses, JD Brown, C Doschek, G Ko, YK Korendyke, C Laming, JM Socker, D Tylka, A McMullin, D Ng, C Wassom, S Lee, M Auchere, F Fineschi, S Carter, T AF Moses, J. Daniel Brown, Charles Doschek, George Ko, Yuan-Kuen Korendyke, Clarence Laming, J. Martin Socker, Dennis Tylka, Allen McMullin, Donald Ng, Chee Wassom, Steven Lee, Martin Auchere, Frederic Fineschi, Silvano Carter, Tim BE Fineschi, S Fennelly, J TI The coronal suprathermal particle explorer (C-SPEX) SO SOLAR PHYSICS AND SPACE WEATHER INSTRUMENTATION IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Solar Physics and Space Weather Instrumentation IV CY AUG 21-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE UV spectroscopy; solar physics; solar energetic particles; coronagraph; solar coronal spectroscopy; space weather; International Space Station ID NEAR-SUN; SHOCK; ACCELERATION; INJECTION AB The primary science objective of the Coronal Suprathermal Particle Explorer (C-SPEX) is to investigate the spatial and temporal variations of coronal suprathermal particle populations that are seeds for acceleration to solar energetic particles (SEPs). It is understood that such seed particle populations vary with coronal structures and can change responding to solar flare and coronal mass ejection (CME) events. Models have shown that higher densities of suprathermal protons can result in higher rates of acceleration to high energies. Understanding the variations in the suprathermal seed particle population is thus crucial for understanding the variations in SEPs. However, direct measurements are still lacking. C-SPEX will measure the variation in the suprathermal protons across various coronal magnetic structures, before/after the passage of CME shocks, in the post-CME current sheets, and before/after major solar flares. Understanding the causes for variation in the suprathermal seed particle population and its effect on the variation in SEPs will also help build the predictive capability of SEPs that reach Earth. The C-SPEX measurements will be obtained from instrumentation on the International Space Station (ISS) employing well-established UV coronal spectroscopy techniques. C1 [Moses, J. Daniel; Brown, Charles; Doschek, George; Ko, Yuan-Kuen; Korendyke, Clarence; Laming, J. Martin; Socker, Dennis; Tylka, Allen] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Moses, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Tylka, Allan/G-9592-2014; OI Auchere, Frederic/0000-0003-0972-7022 NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-758-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8148 AR 81480J DI 10.1117/12.896868 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BXZ21 UT WOS:000297671900018 ER PT S AU Stephan, AW Christensen, AB Minschwaner, K Budzien, SA Bishop, RL Hecht, JH AF Stephan, Andrew W. Christensen, Andrew B. Minschwaner, Kenneth Budzien, Scott A. Bishop, Rebecca L. Hecht, James H. BE Fineschi, S Fennelly, J TI Characterization of sensitivity degradation seen from the UV to NIR by RAIDS on the International Space Station SO SOLAR PHYSICS AND SPACE WEATHER INSTRUMENTATION IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Solar Physics and Space Weather Instrumentation IV CY AUG 21-24, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE International Space Station; ultraviolet; contamination; calibration; remote sensing AB This paper presents an analysis of the sensitivity changes experienced by three of the eight sensors that comprise the Remote Atmospheric and Ionospheric Detection System (RAIDS) after more than a year operating on board the International Space Station (ISS). These sensors are the Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrograph (EUVS) that covers 550-1100 angstrom, the Middle Ultraviolet (MUV) spectrometer that covers 1900-3100 angstrom, and the Near Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS) that covers 7220-8740 angstrom. The scientific goal for RAIDS is comprehensive remote sensing of the temperature, composition, and structure of the lower thermosphere and ionosphere from 85-200 km. RAIDS was installed on the ISS Japanese Expansion Module External Facility (JEM-EF) in September of 2009. After initial checkout the sensors began routine operations that are only interrupted for sensor safety by occasional ISS maneuvers as well as a few days per month when the orbit imparts a risk from exposure to the Sun. This history of measurements has been used to evaluate the rate of degradation of the RAIDS sensors exposed to an environment with significant sources of particulate and molecular contamination. The RAIDS EUVS, including both contamination and detector gain sag, has shown an overall signal loss rate of 0.2% per day since the start of the mission, with an upper boundary of 0.13% per day attributed solely to contamination effects. This upper boundary is driven by uncertainty in the change in the emission field due to changing solar conditions, and there is strong evidence that the true loss due to contamination is significantly smaller. The MUV and NIRS have shown stability to within 1% over the first year of operations. C1 [Stephan, Andrew W.; Budzien, Scott A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Stephan, AW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM andrew.stephan@nrl.navy.mil NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-758-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8148 AR 814804 DI 10.1117/12.894093 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BXZ21 UT WOS:000297671900003 ER PT S AU Sanghera, J Shaw, B Kim, W Villalobos, G Baker, C Frantz, J Hunt, M Sadowski, B Aggarwal, I AF Sanghera, Jasbinder Shaw, Brandon Kim, Woohong Villalobos, Guillermo Baker, Colin Frantz, Jesse Hunt, Michael Sadowski, Bryan Aggarwal, Ishwar BE Clarkson, WA Hodgson, N Shori, R TI Ceramic laser materials SO SOLID STATE LASERS XX: TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Solid State Lasers XX - Technology and Devices CY JAN 23-27, 2011 CL San Francisco, CA SP SPIE DE ceramics; laser materials; 100 KW; microchip lasers; ultrashort pulse; ceramic composites; non-oxide ceramics ID SOLID-STATE LASERS; PERFORMANCE; GENERATION; CRYSTALS AB Ceramic laser materials have come a long way since the first demonstration of lasing in 1964. Improvements in powder synthesis and ceramic sintering as well as novel ideas have led to notable achievements. These include the first Nd:YAG ceramic laser in 1995, breaking the 1 KW mark in 2002 and then the remarkable demonstration of more than 100 KW output power from a YAG ceramic laser system in 2009. Additional developments have included highly doped microchip lasers, ultrashort pulse lasers, novel materials such as sesquioxides, fluoride ceramic lasers, selenide ceramic lasers in the 2 to 3 mu m region, composite ceramic lasers for better thermal management, and single crystal lasers derived from polycrystalline ceramics. This paper highlights some of these notable achievements. C1 [Sanghera, Jasbinder; Shaw, Brandon; Kim, Woohong; Villalobos, Guillermo; Baker, Colin; Frantz, Jesse; Aggarwal, Ishwar] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sanghera, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM sanghera@nrl.navy.mil RI Baker, Colin/I-6657-2015 NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8449-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 7912 AR 79121Q DI 10.1117/12.879521 PG 15 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BXZ84 UT WOS:000297726600047 ER PT J AU Barbara, KA Sukowati, S Rusmiarto, S Susapto, D Bangs, MJ Kinzer, MH AF Barbara, Kathryn A. Sukowati, Supratman Rusmiarto, Saptoro Susapto, Dwiko Bangs, Michael J. Kinzer, Michael H. TI SURVEY OF ANOPHELES MOSQUITOES (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) IN WEST SUMBA DISTRICT, INDONESIA SO SOUTHEAST ASIAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Anopheles; malaria vectors; Sumba Island; Indonesia ID FIELD-EVALUATION; LOMBOK ISLAND; SPOROZOITES; MALARIA AB In August 2007, mosquitoes were collected using four different collection methods at 2 upland interior and 2 coastal villages in West Sumba District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Methods included human-baited and unbaited tent and malaise traps, human-landing collections (HLC), and unbaited CDC light traps. Mosquitoes were identified to species by morphological characters and all anophelines were tested for malaria circumsporozoite protein (CSP) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). During six trap nights, 4,174 Anopheles mosquitoes belonging to 13 species were captured and identified: An. aconitus, An. annularis, An. barbirostris, An. flavirostris, Hyrcanus Group species, An. indefinitus, An. kochi, An. leucosphyrus group, An. maculatus s.l., An. subpictus s.l., An. sundaicus s.l., An. tessellatus, and An. vagus. Of potential disease vectors, An. annularis, An. subpictus, and An. vagus were the most frequently collected species in the upland interior sites, whereas An. sundaicus, An. subpictus, and An. vagus were most commonly found along the coast. The predominant species from evening human-landing collections (mosquitoes per human) were An. subpictus and An. vagus in the upland interior and An. sundaicus along the coast. All mosquitoes were non-reactive for Plasmodium CSP. One specimen of the An. leucosphyrus group was captured from indoor HLC in Tenateke Village, an upland interior location. This finding appears to represent a new collection record for Sumba Island. C1 [Barbara, Kathryn A.; Rusmiarto, Saptoro; Susapto, Dwiko; Kinzer, Michael H.] USN, Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Sukowati, Supratman] Natl Inst Hlth Res & Dev, Ecol & Hlth Status Res & Dev Ctr, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Bangs, Michael J.] Publ Hlth & Malaria Control Dept, Kuala Kencana, Papua, Indonesia. RP Barbara, KA (reprint author), USN, Environm & Prevent Med Unit 2, 1285 W D St, Norfolk, VA 23511 USA. EM kbarbara@bvwireless.net FU US Department of Defense Global Epidemic Information System FX This study was supported by the US Department of Defense Global Epidemic Information System. We thank Budi Santoso, Malaria Field Coordinator for West Sumba District and Marten Caley, Head of Ministry of Health for West Sumba District for their enthusiastic support of this project. Craig Stoops supplied input on study design and methodology. Agus Rahmat provided maps depicted in Fig 1. The opinions or assertions expressed herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as representing those of the US Navy, or the Department of Defense. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 11 PU SOUTHEAST ASIAN MINISTERS EDUC ORGANIZATION PI BANGKOK PA SEAMEO-TROPMED, 420-6 RAJVITHI RD,, BANGKOK 10400, THAILAND SN 0125-1562 J9 SE ASIAN J TROP MED JI Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health PD JAN PY 2011 VL 42 IS 1 BP 71 EP 82 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Medicine GA 720KF UT WOS:000287278900011 PM 21323168 ER PT J AU Dahl, EJ AF Dahl, Erik J. TI The Plots that Failed: Intelligence Lessons Learned from Unsuccessful Terrorist Attacks Against the United States SO STUDIES IN CONFLICT & TERRORISM LA English DT Article AB While much of the focus of terrorism research is on successful terrorist attacks, the most significant lessons for terrorism prevention may come from examination of terrorist plots and attacks that do not succeed. This article analyzes 176 terrorist plots against American targets that have been thwarted or otherwise failed during the past 25 years. It considers what kinds of intelligence and security measures are most useful in counterterrorism, and argues that the conventional wisdom about why intelligence fails-because analysts and agencies are unable to "connect the dots"-is wrong. Most plots, especially domestic terrorist plots, are not foiled through imaginative analysis, but through conventional law enforcement efforts and aggressive domestic intelligence collection that reveal to authorities just what the plotters are up to. C1 USN, Natl Secur Affairs Dept, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Dahl, EJ (reprint author), USN, Natl Secur Affairs Dept, Postgrad Sch, 1411 Cunningham Rd,Bldg 302,Room 319, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ejdahl@nps.edu NR 92 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1057-610X J9 STUD CONFL TERROR JI Stud. Confl. Terror. PY 2011 VL 34 IS 8 BP 621 EP 648 DI 10.1080/1057610X.2011.582628 PG 28 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 887WS UT WOS:000299963100003 ER PT J AU Stevenson, J AF Stevenson, Jonathan TI Echoes of Gunfire: bin Laden, the US and the Greater Middle East SO SURVIVAL LA English DT Article C1 [Stevenson, Jonathan] USN, War Coll, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Stevenson, J (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Newport, RI 02841 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0039-6338 J9 SURVIVAL JI Survival PY 2011 VL 53 IS 3 BP 11 EP 18 AR PII 938096409 DI 10.1080/00396338.2011.586183 PG 8 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 772XI UT WOS:000291271100002 ER PT J AU Springborg, R AF Springborg, Robert TI The Precarious Economics of Arab Springs SO SURVIVAL LA English DT Article C1 [Springborg, Robert] USN, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Postgrad Sch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Springborg, Robert] London Middle E Inst, London, England. RP Springborg, R (reprint author), USN, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Postgrad Sch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0039-6338 J9 SURVIVAL JI Survival PY 2011 VL 53 IS 6 BP 85 EP 103 DI 10.1080/00396338.2011.636271 PG 19 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 880TE UT WOS:000299429500006 ER PT J AU Stevenson, J AF Stevenson, Jonathan TI Negotiating With Evil: When to Talk to Terrorists SO SURVIVAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Stevenson, Jonathan] USN, War Coll, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Stevenson, J (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Newport, RI 02841 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0039-6338 EI 1468-2699 J9 SURVIVAL JI Survival PY 2011 VL 53 IS 2 BP 167 EP 175 AR PII 935795356 DI 10.1080/00396338.2011.571019 PG 9 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 746LY UT WOS:000289249600013 ER PT J AU Knutson, EM AF Knutson, Elizabeth M. TI Writing In Between Worlds: Reflections on Language and Identity from Works by Nancy Huston and Leila Sebbar SO SYMPOSIUM-A QUARTERLY JOURNAL IN MODERN LITERATURES LA English DT Article DE cultural heterogeneity; exile; identity; language; liminal space; mobility; writing ID FRENCH AB This article analyzes the themes of language, cultural heterogeneity, and writing as liminal space in autobiographical nonfiction texts by Canadian-born bilingual author Nancy Huston and Algerian-born French writer Leila Sebbar. In their coauthored correspondence on the theme of exile, Lettres parisiennes: Autopsie de l'exil, Huston and Sebbar describe writing as a land or territory, a place of one's own, and Sebbar defines exile as the very foundation of her being. Each writer explores the meaning of language in her life (English and French for Huston, French and Arabic for Sebbar), particularly as it relates to childhood and loss. Other themes include the construction and performance of self through language and writing; mobility, even instability, as vital constituents of identity; and exile and difference as freedom. While "exile" for these authors is not a question of forced migration, their reflections on living in between and across cultures-in the fault lines-have rich resonance for theorists, writers, travelers, and users of language in a globalized world. C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Knutson, EM (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0039-7709 J9 SYMPOSIUM JI Symp.-Q. J. Mod. Lit. PY 2011 VL 65 IS 4 BP 253 EP 270 DI 10.1080/00397709.2011.628589 PG 18 WC Literature SC Literature GA 888JM UT WOS:000299999800002 ER PT S AU Sanghera, J Kim, W Villalobos, G Shaw, B Baker, C Frantz, J Hunt, M Sadowski, B Aggarwal, I AF Sanghera, Jasbinder Kim, Woohong Villalobos, Guillermo Shaw, Brandon Baker, Colin Frantz, Jesse Hunt, Michael Sadowski, Bryan Aggarwal, Ishwar BE Titterton, DH Richardson, MA TI Development of Ceramic Laser Host Materials SO TECHNOLOGIES FOR OPTICAL COUNTERMEASURES VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Technologies for Optical Countermeasures VIII CY SEP 21-22, 2011 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP SPIE DE ceramics; laser materials; 100 KW; microchip lasers; ultrashort pulse; ceramic composites; non-oxide ceramics ID SOLID-STATE LASERS; PERFORMANCE; GENERATION; EFFICIENCY; CRYSTALS AB Ceramic laser materials have come a long way since the first demonstration of lasing in 1964. Improvements in powder synthesis and ceramic sintering as well as novel ideas have led to notable achievements. These include the first Nd:YAG ceramic laser in 1995, breaking the 1 KW mark in 2002 and then the remarkable demonstration of more than 100 KW output power from a YAG ceramic laser system in 2009. Additional developments have included highly doped microchip lasers, ultrashort pulse lasers, novel materials such as sesquioxides, fluoride ceramic lasers, selenide ceramic lasers in the 2 to 3 mu m region, composite ceramic lasers for better thermal management, and single crystal lasers derived from polycrystalline ceramics. This paper highlights some of these notable achievements. C1 [Sanghera, Jasbinder; Kim, Woohong; Villalobos, Guillermo; Shaw, Brandon; Baker, Colin; Frantz, Jesse] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sanghera, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Baker, Colin/I-6657-2015 NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-815-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8187 AR 81870G DI 10.1117/12.903736 PG 15 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BXX95 UT WOS:000297571800008 ER PT S AU Shyu, H Taczak, TM Cox, K Gover, R Maraviglia, C Cahill, C AF Shyu, Hawjye Taczak, Thomas M. Cox, Kevin Gover, Robert Maraviglia, Carlos Cahill, Colin BE Mobley, SB Murrer, RL TI High Fidelity Real-Time Maritime Scene Rendering SO TECHNOLOGIES FOR SYNTHETIC ENVIRONMENTS: HARDWARE-IN-THE-LOOP XVI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Technologies for Synthetic Environments - Hardware-in-the-Loop XVI CY APR 27-28, 2011 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE Synthetic; scene-generator; clutter; real-time; rendering; infrared; ShipIR ID CHAMP RTC AB The ability to simulate authentic engagements using real-world hardware is an increasingly important tool. For rendering maritime environments, scene generators must be capable of rendering radiometrically accurate scenes with correct temporal and spatial characteristics. When the simulation is used as input to real-world hardware or human observers, the scene generator must operate in real-time. This paper introduces a novel, real-time scene generation capability for rendering radiometrically accurate scenes of backgrounds and targets in maritime environments. The new model is an optimized and parallelized version of the US Navy CRUISE_Missiles rendering engine. It was designed to accept environmental descriptions and engagement geometry data from external sources, render a scene, transform the radiometric scene using the electro-optical response functions of a sensor under test, and output the resulting signal to real-world hardware. This paper reviews components of the scene rendering algorithm, and details the modifications required to run this code in real-time. A description of the simulation architecture and interfaces to external hardware and models is presented. Performance assessments of the frame rate and radiometric accuracy of the new code are summarized. This work was completed in FY10 under Office of Secretary of Defense (OSD) Central Test and Evaluation Investment Program (CTEIP) funding and will undergo a validation process in FY11. C1 [Shyu, Hawjye; Gover, Robert; Maraviglia, Carlos] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shyu, H (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-589-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8015 AR 80150H DI 10.1117/12.884522 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA BVT10 UT WOS:000292701200016 ER PT J AU Schoeneck, DJ Porter, AL Kostoff, RN Berger, EM AF Schoeneck, David J. Porter, Alan L. Kostoff, Ronald N. Berger, Elena M. TI Assessment of Brazil's research literature SO TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS & STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE research profiling; Brazil; Brasil; bibliometrics; text mining; tech mining; R&D trends; competitive technical intelligence ID SCIENCE-AND-TECHNOLOGY; INFRASTRUCTURE; CHINA; PUBLICATIONS AB This 'country study' analyses substantial samples of research papers by Brazilian authors drawn from two global databases. The approach and the findings may each be of interest. Our approach is to examine R&D outputs through bibliometrics (to identify key authors, institutions, journals, etc.) and text mining with taxonomy generation (to identify pervasive research thrusts). We extend prior country studies by providing for interactive data access and exploring military-relevant R&D information. The resulting publication activity profiles provide insight on Brazilian R&D strengths and investment strategies, and help identify opportunities for collaboration. Brazil, a nation of 190 million, evidences a substantial research enterprise, with major capabilities in the life and biomedical sciences, as well as the physical sciences. We benchmark research patterns and trends against several other countries. We find a large measure of international collaboration, particularly with the USA. C1 [Schoeneck, David J.; Porter, Alan L.] Search Technol Inc, Norcross, GA USA. [Porter, Alan L.; Berger, Elena M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Technol Policy & Assessment Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Kostoff, Ronald N.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Porter, AL (reprint author), Search Technol Inc, Norcross, GA USA. EM aporter@searchtech.com RI porter, alan/A-7013-2009 OI porter, alan/0000-0002-4520-6518 NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 24 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0953-7325 J9 TECHNOL ANAL STRATEG JI Technol. Anal. Strateg. Manage. PY 2011 VL 23 IS 6 BP 601 EP 621 DI 10.1080/09537325.2011.585029 PG 21 WC Management; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Business & Economics; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 782AX UT WOS:000291980900001 ER PT J AU Aboul-Enein, Y AF Aboul-Enein, Youssef TI Silence is Death: The Life and Work of Tahar Djaout SO TERRORISM AND POLITICAL VIOLENCE LA English DT Book Review C1 [Aboul-Enein, Youssef] USN, N Potomac, MD USA. RP Aboul-Enein, Y (reprint author), USN, N Potomac, MD USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0954-6553 J9 TERROR POLIT VIOLENC JI Terror. Polit. Violence PY 2011 VL 23 IS 4 BP 679 EP 681 DI 10.1080/09546553.2011.598438 PG 4 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 881EZ UT WOS:000299465500016 ER PT J AU Scheck, C Cheng, C Tran, K Zupan, M AF Scheck, Caroline Cheng, Christopher Kim Tran Zupan, Marc GP TMS TI IMPACT OF ULTRASONIC IMPACT TREATMENT ON A 5456 ALUMINUM ALLOY CHARACTERIZED THROUGH MICRO-SPECIMEN TESTING AND X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY SO TMS2011 SUPPLEMENTAL PROCEEDINGS, VOL 2: MATERIALS FABRICATION, PROPERTIES, CHARACTERIZATION, AND MODELING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT TMS 140th Annual Meeting and Exhibition CY FEB 27-MAR 03, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP TMS DE Aluminum; Micro-Tensile; Ultrasonic Impact Treatment; microCT AB Ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) is a surface treatment that causes severe plastic deformation (SPD). UIT gives excellent parameter control and has a high energy efficiency, unlike similar processes such as shot peening. The objective of this work is to investigate the measured hardness, strength, and void properties of an ultrasonically impacted 5456-J116 aluminum. Micro-indentation is used to map the hardness properties while microsample specimens directly measure tensile mechanical properties. The micro species (3mm in length by 1mm wide with a gage section of 250 mu m(2)) are made at varying distances from the UIT treated surface and tested to characterize the Young's modulus and yield strength. Voids in the gage section of the micro specimens are analyzed before and after testing using novel X-ray tomography. These void characteristics are linked to the yield and plastic deformation behavior of the material. C1 [Scheck, Caroline; Cheng, Christopher; Zupan, Marc] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Kim Tran] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Scheck, C (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. FU NSF [CBET-0821236] FX This research effort was funded in part through NSF grant number CBET-0821236. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND BN 978-1-11802-946-6 PY 2011 BP 205 EP 212 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BHY36 UT WOS:000327013200026 ER PT S AU Armstrong, JT Mozurkewich, D Schmitt, HR Restaino, SR Hindsley, RB AF Armstrong, J. T. Mozurkewich, D. Schmitt, H. R. Restaino, S. R. Hindsley, R. B. BE Dolne, JJ Karr, TJ Gamiz, VL Rogers, S Casasent, DP TI Comparing the sensitivities of intensity interferometry and Michelson interferometry SO UNCONVENTIONAL IMAGING, WAVEFRONT SENSING, AND ADAPTIVE CODED APERTURE IMAGING AND NON-IMAGING SENSOR SYSTEMS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unconventional Imaging, Wavefront Sensing, and Adaptive Coded Aperture Imaging and Non-Imaging Sensor Systems CY AUG 21-25, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE optical interferometry; intensity interferometry; Michelson interferometry ID LIGHT; FLUCTUATIONS; STARS AB Intensity interferometry, in which intensity fluctuations at separate apertures are measured and then correlated, is an attractive technique for high angular resolution measurements because of its simplicity. There is no need to transport light beams from the telescopes of the interferometer array to a beam combiner, and the telescope optics need not be precise. Michelson interferometry, in which light beams are brought together and the interference pattern is measured, is significantly more difficult, requiring precision optics and precise pathlength control, but it has a great advantage in sensitivity, requiring milliseconds to make a detection that might require hours with an intensity interferometer. However, for interferometry with a large number of array elements, the sensitivity of Michelson interferometry suffers from the fact that the light beams must be shared among many correlations, thereby reducing the sensitivity of each measurement. We explore these and other influences on the relative sensitivities of these techniques to determine under what circumstances, if any, their sensitivities become comparable. C1 [Armstrong, J. T.; Hindsley, R. B.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Armstrong, JT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7215,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM tom.armstrong@nrl.navy.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-775-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8165 AR 81650Z DI 10.1117/12.894039 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BXZ26 UT WOS:000297677300024 ER PT S AU Restaino, SR Andrews, JR AF Restaino, S. R. Andrews, J. R. BE Dolne, JJ Karr, TJ Gamiz, VL Rogers, S Casasent, DP TI Comparison of Michelson Interferometer, Intensity Interferometer and Filled Aperture Telescope SNR for GEO satellites detection SO UNCONVENTIONAL IMAGING, WAVEFRONT SENSING, AND ADAPTIVE CODED APERTURE IMAGING AND NON-IMAGING SENSOR SYSTEMS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unconventional Imaging, Wavefront Sensing, and Adaptive Coded Aperture Imaging and Non-Imaging Sensor Systems CY AUG 21-25, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE ID PROTOTYPE OPTICAL INTERFEROMETER; LIGHT AB The observation of satellites at geostationary earth orbits (GEO) from the ground presents some formidable technical and scientific challenges. In recent years, several approaches have been proposed and some have undergone field tests. The Naval Research Laboratory has pioneered the use of the Michelson-style sparse aperture interferometers for this problem by using the Naval Prototype Optical Interferometer (NPOI). Other groups have proposed the use of Intensity Interferometry to solve this problem. It is in this framework that we are addressing the issue of comparing Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNR) expressions and numerical simulations for various approaches in order to establish which is the most suitable technique for ground based observations. In this paper we present a comparison of SNR simulations for a Michelson Interferometer, an Intensity Interferometer and a filled aperture telescope. We present the basic background of the two interferometric techniques and the standard SNR expressions for the three approaches. We review the parameters of the simulations discussing the limitations and we will present the results. C1 [Restaino, S. R.; Andrews, J. R.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. RP Restaino, SR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-775-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8165 AR 81650R DI 10.1117/12.896622 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BXZ26 UT WOS:000297677300017 ER PT J AU Hanafi, HA Szumlas, DE Fryauff, DJ El-Hossary, SS Singer, GA Osman, SG Watany, N Furman, BD Hoel, DF AF Hanafi, Hanafi A. Szumlas, Daniel E. Fryauff, David J. El-Hossary, Shabaan S. Singer, Gamal A. Osman, Samir G. Watany, Noha Furman, Barry D. Hoel, David F. TI Effects of Ivermectin on Blood-Feeding Phlebotomus papatasi, and the Promastigote Stage of Leishmania major SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Ivermectin; Phlebotomus papatasi; Leishmania major ID VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; SAND FLIES; IMPACT; ONCHOCERCIASIS; TRANSMISSION; AVERMECTINS; INFECTIONS; INSECTICIDE; FILARIASIS; SURVIVAL AB Ivermectin (IVM) is a chemically modified macrocyclic lactone of Streptomyces avermitilis that acts as a potent neurotoxin against many nematodes and arthropods. Little is known of IVM's effect against either blood-feeding Phlebotomus sand flies, or the infective promastigote stage of Leishmania transmitted by these flies. We injected hamsters subcutaneously with two standard IVM treatments (200 and 400 mu g/kg body weight) and allowed cohorts of Leishmania major-infected Phlebotomus papatasi to blood-feed on these animals at various posttreatment time points (4 h, 1, 2, 6, and 10 days). Infected and uninfected sand flies that bit treated and untreated hamsters served as controls. Serum levels of IVM in low-and high-dose-treated hamsters were determined at the five time points. Sand fly mortality following blood feeding was recorded at 24-h intervals and, in relation to IVM treatment, was time and dose dependent. Mortality was most rapid and greatest among infected flies that fed nearest to time of dosing. Mean survival of infected sand flies after feeding on untreated hamsters was 11.5 days, whereas that of infected sand flies that fed 4 h, 1 day, or 2 days posttreatment on high-dose-treated hamsters (400 mu g/kg) was 1.6, 2.1, and 2.7 days, respectively. Infected and uninfected sand flies that blood fed 6 days following low-dose IVM treatment (200 mu g/kg) still experienced significantly greater mortality (p < 0.02) than controls. Promastigotes dissected out of surviving flies that fed on IVM-treated hamsters showed typical motility and survival. Moreover, 21.7% of IVM-treated hamsters developed lesions after being fed upon by infected sand flies. L. major promastigotes appeared to be tolerant to ng/mL blood levels of IVM that caused significant mortality for up to 10 days posttreatment in blood-feeding P. papatasi. C1 [Hanafi, Hanafi A.; Szumlas, Daniel E.; Fryauff, David J.; El-Hossary, Shabaan S.; Watany, Noha; Furman, Barry D.; Hoel, David F.] USN, Vector Biol Res Program, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo 11517, Egypt. [Singer, Gamal A.] Helwan Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Helwan, Egypt. [Osman, Samir G.] Egyptian Co Chem & Pharmaceut ADWIA, Dept Res & Dev, Cairo, Egypt. RP Hanafi, HA (reprint author), USN, Vector Biol Res Program, Med Res Unit 3, 3A Imtidad Ramses St, Cairo 11517, Egypt. EM hanafi.hanafi.ctr.eg@med.navy.mil FU Military Infectious Diseases Research Program [6000-RAD1-U-E0305-U0005-04-N3] FX The authors thank Fetouh Ali and Ahmed Fawzy of the U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3 Vector Biology Research Program for their technical support, and are also grateful to Ms. Maria Badra for reviewing and processing this manuscript. This work was supported by the Military Infectious Diseases Research Program, Work Unit No. 6000-RAD1-U-E0305-U0005-04-N3. NR 46 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 11 IS 1 BP 43 EP 52 DI 10.1089/vbz.2009.0030 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 711IJ UT WOS:000286582700008 PM 20518644 ER PT J AU Norris, SM Huss, MT Palarea, RE AF Norris, Sarah M. Huss, Matthew T. Palarea, Russell E. TI A Pattern of Violence: Analyzing the Relationship Between Intimate Partner Violence and Stalking SO VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS LA English DT Article DE stalking behavior; domestic abuse; domestic violence; batterers; psychopathology ID BECK DEPRESSION INVENTORY; DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; PSYCHIATRIC OUTPATIENTS; RISK-FACTORS; VALIDITY; STALKERS AB As the literature on stalking has grown, several studies have proposed a relationship between stalking and intimate partner violence (IPV). This study examines a clinical sample of intimate partner batterers to assess the stalking-related behaviors committed against the participants' intimate partners. The study examined the levels of severity between stalking-related behaviors and IPV, as well as identified differences between batterers who exhibited stalking-related behaviors and those who did not. A significant relationship between stalking-related behavior and IPV was found, with more severe stalking related to higher levels of IPV and more extreme psychopathology. C1 [Huss, Matthew T.] Creighton Univ, Dept Psychol, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Palarea, Russell E.] USN, Criminal Invest Serv, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Huss, MT (reprint author), Creighton Univ, Dept Psychol, 2500 Calif Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. EM mhuss@creighton.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [R03 MH058929-01] NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 11 WEST 42ND STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 0886-6708 J9 VIOLENCE VICTIMS JI Violence Vict. PY 2011 VL 26 IS 1 BP 103 EP 115 DI 10.1891/0886-6708.26.1.103 PG 13 WC Criminology & Penology SC Criminology & Penology GA 793KH UT WOS:000292819900007 PM 21776832 ER PT S AU Harris, DC AF Harris, Daniel C. BE Tustison, RW TI History of Magnetorheological Finishing SO WINDOW AND DOME TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Window and Dome Technologies and Materials XII CY APR 27-28, 2011 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE AB Magnetorheological finishing (MRF) is a deterministic method for producing complex optics with figure accuracy <50 nm and surface roughness <1 nm. MRF was invented at the Luikov Institute of Heat and Mass Transfer in Minsk, Belarus in the late 1980s by a team led by William Kordonski. When the Soviet Union opened up, New York businessman Lowell Mintz was invited to Minsk in 1990 to explore possibilities for technology transfer. Mintz was told of the potential for MRF, but did not understand whether it had value. Mintz was referred to Harvey Pollicove at the Center for Optics Manufacturing of the University of Rochester. As a result of their conversation, they sent Prof. Steve Jacobs to visit Minsk and evaluate MRF. From Jacobs' positive findings, and with support from Lowell Mintz, Kordonski and his colleagues were invited in 1993 to work at the Center for Optics Manufacturing with Jacobs and Don Golini to refine MRF technology. A "preprototype" finishing machine was operating by 1994. Prof. Greg Forbes and doctoral student Paul Dumas developed algorithms for deterministic control of MRF. In 1996, Golini recognized the commercial potential of MRF, secured investment capital from Lowell Mintz, and founded QED Technologies. The first commercial MRF machine was unveiled in 1998. It was followed by more advanced models and by groundbreaking subaperture stitching interferometers for metrology. In 2006, QED was acquired by and became a division of Cabot Microelectronics. This paper recounts the history of the development of MRF and the founding of QED Technologies. C1 USN, Air Syst Command, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Harris, DC (reprint author), USN, Air Syst Command, 1900 N Knox Rd,Stop 6303, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM Daniel.Harris@navy.mil NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-590-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2011 VL 8016 AR 80160N DI 10.1117/12.882557 PG 22 WC Optics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Optics; Physics GA BWW03 UT WOS:000295118800020 ER PT B AU Trenchard, M Lohrenz, M Gray, T AF Trenchard, Michael Lohrenz, Maura Gray, Tom BE Baralt, J Callaos, N Ham, C Lace, N Lesso, W Zinn, CD TI Color Compression Optimization Techniques for Localized Aeronautical Charts SO WMSCI 2011: 15TH WORLD MULTI-CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMICS, CYBERNETICS AND INFORMATICS, VOL I LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th World Multi-Conference on Systematics, Cybernetics and Informatics (WMSCI 2011) CY JUL 19-22, 2011 CL Orlando, FL SP Int Inst Informat & Syst DE color compression; digital mapping; aeronautical charts; CIELAB; color palette AB Aeronautical chart data used widely by the U.S. military and its Allies is typically compressed using vector quantization in a multi-stage approach. The first stage is a simple red-green-blue (RGB) 3:1 color compression, which reduces the chart data from 24-bit color to 8-bit color, using a color palette to map the resulting color indices back to 24-bit RGB. For the compressed U.S. military aeronautical charts discussed in this paper, the color palette is limited to 216 indices to accommodate additional colors for mission-specific overlays. Reducing color from 24-bit to 8-bit is a "lossy" compression technique, since there is potential for color data loss. Optimizing the selection of a color palette to best represent a given set of aeronautical charts is key to minimizing color loss during compression. This paper evaluates two color palette selection techniques and their associated color compression schemes, and compares each with two different color spaces, to determine which combination of techniques will result in the least amount of color loss. The first technique selects the most prevalent 216 color values in a given set of charts as the color palette, and then color-clusters the remaining colors to their closest color palette value by Euclidean distance in the chosen color space. The second technique progressively increases Euclidean distances to generate 216 color clusters and selects the weighted centroid value of each color cluster to produce the color palette. The color palette selection techniques are performed both in RGB (red-green-blue) color space and the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) L*a*b* (CIELAB) color space. CIELAB color space is designed to be perceptually uniform, meaning that a change of the same amount in color value should produce a change of about the same visual importance. A high color variability aeronautical chart is used to evaluate each technique in terms of average distortion per pixel between the color compressed image and its source. Visual color loss is expected to be reduced by performing color clustering and color matching calculations in CIELAB color space. C1 [Trenchard, Michael; Lohrenz, Maura] Naval Res Lab, Geospatial Sci & Technol Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Gray, Tom] QinetiQ North Amer, Technol Solut Grp, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. FU NRL 6.2 Base Program [602435N] FX This research was funded by Program Element 602435N by the NRL 6.2 Base Program. The authors wish to thank Dr. Fred Petry, Mr. Alfredo Fajardo, and Ms. Maivan Ly for their guidance and support of the investigation of this research and the transition of this research to mission planning applications. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT INST INFORMATICS & SYSTEMICS PI ORLANDO PA 14269 LORD BARCLAY DR, ORLANDO, FL 32837 USA BN 978-1-936338-29-0 PY 2011 BP 293 EP 298 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BG8OX UT WOS:000392561800053 ER PT J AU Deuster, PA Powell-Dunford, N Crago, MS Cuda, AS AF Deuster, Patricia A. Powell-Dunford, Nicole Crago, Mark S. Cuda, Amanda S. TI Menstrual and Oral Contraceptive Use Patterns Among Deployed Military Women by Race and Ethnicity SO WOMEN & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE dysmenorrhea; breast tenderness; health care; missed work; oral contraceptive agents; race; ethnicity ID POSTMENARCHEAL PERIOD; PREMENSTRUAL SYMPTOMS; PREVALENCE; DYSMENORRHEA; CYCLE; POPULATION; AMENORRHEA; PERFORMANCE; STRESS; HEALTH AB Menstrual cycle patterns and concerns and oral contraceptive use in the combat environment were examined in Caucasian, Asian, Hispanic, and African American women to guide the development of educational resources for women soldiers. An anonymous, questionnaire was completed by 455 U.S. Army womenCaucasian (CA: n = 141); Asian (AS: n = 67); Hispanic (HIS: n = 67); and African American (AA: n = 184) to compare menstrual patterns and concerns, dysmenorrhea, and oral contraceptive patterns. Total menstrual concerns were significantly lower among African Americans relative to Caucasians, Asians, or Hispanics; Asians and Hispanics reported the greatest concern. Overall, secondary amenorrhea was noted by 14.9% of women. Severe dysmenorrhea rates were significantly lower in African American (6.1%) compared to Caucasian (11.6%), Asian (20.9%) and Hispanic (19.7%) women. Asian women reported missing less workonly 9.3% with moderate to severe dysmenorrhea missed work compared to 25.1% of all other women. Only 9.2% of women with mild, compared to 25.8% with moderate to severe (OR = 3.44; p 0.0001) dysmenorrhea sought health care. Less than 50% of women took oral contraceptive, and less than half of those women took oral contraceptive continuously. African Americans seemed to experience menstruation as less bothersome than others, despite no difference in the proportion with menstrual irregularities, mean duration of menses, and/or mean time between cycles. C1 [Deuster, Patricia A.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Mil & Emergency Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Powell-Dunford, Nicole] USN, Operat Med Inst, Pensacola, FL USA. [Crago, Mark S.] Womac Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Fayetteville, NC USA. [Cuda, Amanda S.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Deuster, PA (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Mil & Emergency Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM pdeuster@usuhs.mil RI Deuster, Patricia/G-3838-2015 OI Deuster, Patricia/0000-0002-7895-0888 NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 0363-0242 J9 WOMEN HEALTH JI Women Health PY 2011 VL 51 IS 1 BP 41 EP 54 AR PII 934591987 DI 10.1080/03630242.2011.540742 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies GA 733SA UT WOS:000288281900003 PM 21391160 ER PT J AU McCartt, AD Gates, SD Jeffries, JB Hanson, RK Joubert, LM Buhr, TL AF McCartt, A. Daniel Gates, Sean D. Jeffries, Jay B. Hanson, Ronald K. Joubert, Lydia M. Buhr, Tony L. TI Response of Bacillus thuringiensis Al Hakam Endospores to Gas Dynamic Heating in a Shock Tube SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIKALISCHE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Bacillus Endospores; Flow Cytometry; Shock Wave Heat Resistance; Laser Diagnostics; Scanning Electron Microscopy ID SURFACE HYDROPHOBICITY; CEREUS SPORES; RESISTANCE; ANTHRACIS; ADHESION; SUBTILIS; SEQUENCE AB Experiments were conducted in a gas-driven shock tube to investigate shock wave-induced damage to Bacillus thuringiensis Al Hakam endospores over a wide range of post-shock temperatures in non-oxidative gas environments. The results were compared with previous studies on B. atrophaeus and B. subtilis and demonstrate that B. thuringiensis Al Hakam exhibited a qualitatively similar response to rapid shock heating, even though this strain has a significantly different endospore structure. B. thuringiensis Al Hakam endospores were nebulized into an aqueous aerosol, which was loaded into the Stanford aerosol shock tube, and subjected to shock waves of controlled strength. Endospores experienced uniform test temperatures between 500 and 1000 K and pressures ranging from 2 atm to 7 atm for approximately 2.5 ms. During this process the bio-aerosol was monitored using in situ time-resolved laser absorption and scattering diagnostics. Additionally, shock-treated bio-aerosol samples were extracted for ex situ analysis including viability plating, flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. B. thuringiensis Al Hakam endospores lost the ability to form colonies at post-shock temperatures above 500 K while significant breakdown in morphology was observed only for post-shock temperatures above 700 K. While viability loss and endospore morphological deterioration adhere to a similar framework across all endospore species studied, phenomena unique to B. thuringiensis Al Hakam were noted in the SEM images and optical extinction data. This initial characterization of the response of B. thuringiensis Al Hakam spores treated with shock/blast waves shows that these methods have potential for spore inactivation and detection. C1 [McCartt, A. Daniel; Gates, Sean D.; Jeffries, Jay B.; Hanson, Ronald K.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Joubert, Lydia M.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Med Sch, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Buhr, Tony L.] USN, Surface Warfare Ctr Dahlgren, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP McCartt, AD (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Bldg 520,452 Escondido Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM mccartt@stanford.edu FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [AB07TAS014]; Chemical Sciences Division [51532CHCBB] FX We celebrate the birthday of Professor Dr. Kohse-Hoinghaus. Like many examples of her research, the work here applies physical chemistry tools and laser diagnostics to solve problems in other disciplines. This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency via grant AB07TAS014, administered by the Army Research Office under grant 51532CHCBB with Dr. Jennifer Becker of the Chemical Sciences Division as contract monitor. Alice Young and Zachary Minter at Naval Surface Warfare Center-Dahlgren provided technical assistance with the spore preparation. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU OLDENBOURG VERLAG PI MUNICH PA LEKTORAT MINT, POSTFACH 80 13 60, D-81613 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 0942-9352 J9 Z PHYS CHEM JI Z. Phys. Chemie-Int. J. Res. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 225 IS 11-12 SI SI BP 1367 EP 1377 DI 10.1524/zpch.2011.0183 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 880GQ UT WOS:000299393700012 ER PT J AU Lebedev, N Griva, I Kedziora, GS Blom, A Schnur, JM AF Lebedev, Nikolai Griva, Igor Kedziora, Gary S. Blom, Anders Schnur, Joel M. TI The Effect of Water on Electron Transfer through Conductive Oligo(phenylene vinylene) Quinones SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR CONDUCTANCE; SURFACES; TRANSPORT AB Electron transfer (ET) through oxidized (QOPV) and reduced-protonated (HQOPV) forms of oligo(phenylene vinylene) quinone placed between two gold electrodes in the absence and presence of external water molecules is calculated using density functional theory with a nonequilibrium Green's function method. The results show that the presence of hydrogen atoms as an internal component (in reduced-protonated form of the molecule) screens the stimulating effect of oxygen on QOPV conductivity and eliminates the efficiency of the molecule conductance at low bias voltages. The formation of a complex with water restores the HQOPV conductivity at low biases and opens several additional strong conductivity channels below the Fermi level, substantially improving the efficiency of ET between QOPV and the electrode, especially at longer distances between the molecule and the metal. This effect of water can be utilized in the construction of novel highly efficient electrochemically gated electronic devices. It also opens a possibility for the fine regulation of direction of ET in "soft" molecular electronic devices with flexible organization and in biological systems. C1 [Lebedev, Nikolai] USN, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Griva, Igor] George Mason Univ, Dept Math & Computat, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Griva, Igor] George Mason Univ, Dept Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Kedziora, Gary S.] High Performance Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Blom, Anders] QuantumWise AS, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Schnur, Joel M.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Lebedev, N (reprint author), USN, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM nikolai.lebedev@nrl.navy.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and Naval Research Laboratory base programs. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD DEC 30 PY 2010 VL 114 IS 51 BP 22710 EP 22717 DI 10.1021/jp108868z PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 696NB UT WOS:000285447000049 ER PT J AU Montazami, R Jain, V Heflin, JR AF Montazami, Reza Jain, Vaibhav Heflin, James R. TI High contrast asymmetric solid state electrochromic devices based on layer-by-layer deposition of polyaniline and poly(aniline sulfonic acid) SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Polyaniline; Electrochromic; Ionic self-assembled multilayer; Layer-by-layer ID THIN-FILMS; POLYMER-FILMS; MULTILAYERS; NANOASSEMBLIES; DERIVATIVES; COLORATION AB Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly was employed for alternating deposition of two electrochromic polymers to fabricate a single film composite. We report a wide spectral range, high contrast asymmetric solid state electrochromic device, fabricated by LbL assembly of the polycation polyaniline (emeraldine base) (PANI) and the polyanion poly(aniline sulfonic acid), (PASA). Detailed spectral and electrochemical investigation of the dual electrochrome thin film confirm that both electrochromic polymers contribute to the electrochromic and electrochemical characteristics of the composite. Under the application of +/-2.3 V potential the system exhibited an average contrast of 49.7% across the full visible spectrum. The dual electrochrome system was compared to single electrochrome systems, and it was observed that PANI predominantly affects the electrochromic optical spectra of the composite, whereas PASA increases the switching speed. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Montazami, Reza] Virginia Tech, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Jain, Vaibhav] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Heflin, James R.] Virginia Tech, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Montazami, R (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM rezam@vt.edu RI Montazami, Reza/A-6115-2012 NR 30 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 44 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD DEC 30 PY 2010 VL 56 IS 2 BP 990 EP 994 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.09.049 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 692TL UT WOS:000285177900050 ER PT J AU Huang, LL Massa, L AF Huang, Lulu Massa, Lou TI The kernel energy method Construction of 3- and 4-tuple kernels from a list of double kernel interactions SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE Quantum calculation; KEM; Biological molecules; Interaction energies; Insulin ID MOLECULAR TAILORING APPROACH; FRAGMENT-BASED APPROACH; QUANTUM CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; ORBITAL METHOD; COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY; ELONGATION METHOD; ADMA APPROACH; MACROMOLECULES AB The kernel energy method (KEM) provides a way to calculate the ab moo energy of very large biological molecules The results are accurate and the computational time reduced However by use of a list of double kernel interactions a significant additional reduction of computational effort may be achieved still retaining ab moo accuracy A numerical comparison of the indices that name the known double interactions in question allow one to list higher order interactions having the property of topological continuity within the full molecule of interest When that list of interactions is unpacked as a kernel expansion which weights the relative importance of each kernel in an expression for the total molecular energy high accuracy and a further significant reduction in computational effort results A KEM molecular energy calculation based upon the HF/STO3G chemical model is applied to the protein insulin as an illustration (C) 2010 Elsevier B V All rights reserved C1 [Massa, Lou] CUNY, Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Massa, Lou] CUNY, Grad Sch, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Huang, Lulu] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Massa, L (reprint author), CUNY, Hunter Coll, 695 Pk Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA. FU Office of Naval Research; NIH, National Center For Research Resources [S06GM606654, RR-03037] FX The research reported in this article was supported by the Office of Naval Research One of us (L M) wishes to thank the U S Navy Summer Faculty Research Program administered by the American Society of Engineering Education for the opportunity to spend summers at NRL (L M) thanks NIH for grants (NIGMS MBRS SCORE5 S06GM606654 and RR-03037 the National Center For Research Resources) We thank a referee for insightful suggestions which have improved our manuscript NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD DEC 30 PY 2010 VL 962 IS 1-3 BP 72 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2010.09.017 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 696KK UT WOS:000285440100011 ER PT J AU Carstairs, SD Schneir, AB AF Carstairs, Shaun D. Schneir, Aaron B. TI Opsoclonus Due to Diphenhydramine Poisoning. SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Carstairs, Shaun D.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Schneir, Aaron B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Carstairs, SD (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM shaunc@yahoo.com OI Carstairs, Shaun/0000-0003-4558-9704 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 30 PY 2010 VL 363 IS 27 BP E40 EP E40 DI 10.1056/NEJMicm1002035 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 700SD UT WOS:000285763700011 PM 21190451 ER PT J AU Ryan, JP Fischer, AM Kudela, RM McManus, MA Myers, JS Paduan, JD Ruhsam, CM Woodson, CB Zhang, Y AF Ryan, J. P. Fischer, A. M. Kudela, R. M. McManus, M. A. Myers, J. S. Paduan, J. D. Ruhsam, C. M. Woodson, C. B. Zhang, Y. TI Recurrent frontal slicks of a coastal ocean upwelling shadow SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN MONTEREY BAY; DIFFERENT WATER-MASSES; MID-ATLANTIC BIGHT; LA-PLATA ESTUARY; GEORGES BANK; THIN-LAYERS; RED TIDE; SURFACE CIRCULATION; SOUTHERN FLANK; FISH LARVAE AB Marine ecosystems are greatly influenced by the structure and dynamics of fronts. In coastal upwelling systems, frontogenesis occurs frequently by upwelling and transport of cold water and warming in sheltered "upwelling shadow" retention sites. Monterey Bay, in the California Current upwelling system, hosts a dynamic upwelling shadow environment. Using a decade of satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) observations with ancillary remote sensing and in situ data, we describe recurrent surface slicks that develop along the seaward periphery of the Monterey Bay upwelling shadow, and we examine their relationships with fronts. Slick median dimensions, 17.5 km long and 0.8 km wide, describe their elongated structure. Although the typical pattern is a single slick, multiple slicks may concurrently develop in association with different types of fronts. Repeated volume surveys through a front, underlying a slick, revealed lateral mixing and interleaving of regional water types. Velocity fields from coastal HF radar show that slicks may coincide with a variety of surface circulation patterns, that they may extend contiguously across regions having very different surface velocity, and that they may be separated from the shear front of upwelling filaments by 5-10 km. Slicks occur in all seasons and may coincide with both upwelling and downwelling wind forcing. Surfactant accumulation in small-scale convergence zones is indicated as the primary mechanism of slick formation, not ocean current shear or small-scale air-sea coupling. The results of this study emphasize the role of upwelling system fronts in creating small-scale structure and dynamics that influence plankton ecology. C1 [Ryan, J. P.; Fischer, A. M.; Zhang, Y.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95062 USA. [Fischer, A. M.] Univ Tasmania, Natl Ctr Marine Conservat & Resource Sustainabil, Launceston, Tas 7250, Australia. [Kudela, R. M.; Ruhsam, C. M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ocean Sci Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [McManus, M. A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Myers, J. S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Univ Affiliated Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Paduan, J. D.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Woodson, C. B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Environm Fluid Mech Lab, Stanford, CA 95039 USA. RP Ryan, JP (reprint author), Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, 7700 Sandholdt Rd, Moss Landing, CA 95062 USA. EM ryjo@mbari.org OI Fischer, Andrew/0000-0001-5284-6428 FU David and Lucile Packard Foundation FX This research was supported by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. We thank the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and NASA for providing RADARSAT-1 images through cooperative agreement. The acquisition and processing of SAR images were made possible by the Alaska Satellite Facility (ASF) and the developers of ASF's Map-Ready software. All AVHRR SST images were provided through the NOAA CoastWatch program, and AVHRR data processing was supported by the Central and Northern California Ocean Observing System (CeNCOOS) program. HF radar data was supported by the State of California's Coastal Ocean Currents Monitoring Program (COCMP). We thank the MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS) team for acquisition of the MAS image presented in Figure 15b. Thermistor string and ADCP data for slick case studies were provided by the Partnership for Interdisciplinary Studies of the Coastal Ocean (PISCO) program. The wind data for Long Marine Laboratory were provided by R. Franks of the University of California, Santa Cruz. NR 78 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD DEC 29 PY 2010 VL 115 AR C12070 DI 10.1029/2010JC006398 PG 15 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 701PT UT WOS:000285835000003 ER PT J AU Walker, KT Hedlin, MAH de Groot-Hedlin, C Vergoz, J Le Pichon, A Drob, DP AF Walker, Kristoffer T. Hedlin, Michael A. H. de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine Vergoz, Julien Le Pichon, Alexis Drob, Douglas P. TI Source location of the 19 February 2008 Oregon bolide using seismic networks and infrasound arrays SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID SOURCE-SCANNING ALGORITHM; SHOCK-WAVE; GLACIAL EARTHQUAKES; ACOUSTIC-SIGNALS; LOWER ATMOSPHERE; RUPTURE PLANE; MIGRATION; MODEL; PROPAGATION; FREQUENCY AB On 19 February 2008 a bolide traveled across the sky along a southern trajectory ending in a terminal burst above Oregon. The event was well recorded by the USArray, other seismic networks, four infrasound arrays, and several video cameras. We compare the results of locating the burst using these different sensor networks. Specifically, we reverse time migrate acoustic-to-seismic coupled signals recorded by the USArray out to 800 km range to image the source in 2-D space and time. We also apply a grid search over source altitude and time, minimizing the misfit between observed and predicted arrival times using 3-D ray tracing with a high-resolution atmospheric velocity model. Our seismic and video results suggest a point source rather than a line source associated with a hypersonic trajectory. We compare the seismic source locations to those obtained by using different combinations of observed infrasound array signal back azimuths and arrival times. We find that all locations are consistent. However, the seismic location is more accurate than the infrasound locations due to the larger number of seismic sensors, a more favorable seismic source-receiver geometry, and shorter ranges to the seismometers. For the infrasound array locations, correcting for the wind improved the accuracy, but implementing arrival times while increasing the precision reduced the accuracy presumably due to limitations of the source location method and/or atmospheric velocity model. We show that despite known complexities associated with acoustic-to-seismic coupling, aboveground infrasound sources can be located with dense seismic networks with remarkably high accuracy and precision. C1 [Walker, Kristoffer T.; Hedlin, Michael A. H.; de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Lab Atmospher Acoust, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Vergoz, Julien; Le Pichon, Alexis] CEA DAM DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [Drob, Douglas P.] USN, Res Lab, Upper Atmospher Modeling Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Walker, KT (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Lab Atmospher Acoust, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM walker@ucsd.edu RI de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine/A-4919-2013; Drob, Douglas/G-4061-2014 OI de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine/0000-0002-3063-2805; Drob, Douglas/0000-0002-2045-7740 FU IRIS, the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology FX This study has would not have been possible without generous contributions from a large group of people. Boulder Real Time Technologies provided waveform plotting and data manipulation software. Frank Vernon provided access to the USArray seismic waveform database and assisted with questions regarding Antelope software. Matt Fouch (University of Arizona) and David James (Carnegie Institution of Washington) permitted access to waveforms from their High Lava Plains Seismic Experiment. Gene Humphries (University of Oregon) provided waveforms from the Wallowa Flexible Array Experiment. The public affairs office at Gowen Field in Boise, Idaho provided information on the location of the security camera that clearly recorded the bolide entry and terminal burst. Paula Negele and Renee King of the Providence Portland Medical Center and Rob van Anrooy of the Valley Hospital Medical Center in Spokane, WA provided images and GPS coordinates from their security cameras. Jeffrey Brower supplied the light amplitude curve from his all-sky camera in West Kelowna, B.C. and a measurement of the azimuth to the terminal burst. Alan Hildebrand, of the University of Calgary, and Don Hladiuk made available the Calgary all-sky video and terminal burst time. The ECMWF model was supplied by the Provisional Technical Secretariat of the CTBTO solely for the purpose of CTBT and related scientific and technical activities. Robert Lunsford of the American Meteor Society provided a quantitative summary of human reports of the meteor. We would like to acknowledge the support of IRIS, the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology, for collecting and giving access to seismic data from the USArray and regional PASSCAL experiments. Last, two anonymous reviewers made thoughtful suggestions that improved this paper. NR 89 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD DEC 29 PY 2010 VL 115 AR B12329 DI 10.1029/2010JB007863 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 701PY UT WOS:000285835500006 ER PT J AU Boeneman, K Prasuhn, DE Blanco-Canosa, JB Dawson, PE Melinger, JS Ancona, M Stewart, MH Susumu, K Huston, A Medintz, IL AF Boeneman, Kelly Prasuhn, Duane E. Blanco-Canosa, Juan B. Dawson, Philip E. Melinger, Joseph S. Ancona, Mario Stewart, Michael H. Susumu, Kimihiro Huston, Alan Medintz, Igor L. TI Self-Assembled Quantum Dot-Sensitized Multivalent DNA Photonic Wires SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; SEMICONDUCTOR; NANOCRYSTALS; PROTEINS; STABILITY; LIGHT; BIOMOLECULES; PROGRESS; LIGANDS; PRIMERS AB Combining the inherent scaffolding provided by DNA structure with spatial control over fluorophore positioning allows the creation of DNA-based photonic wires with the capacity to transfer excitation energy over distances greater than 150 A. We demonstrate hybrid multifluorophore DNA-photonic wires that both self-assemble around semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) and exploit their unique photophysical properties. In this architecture, the QDs function as both central nanoscaffolds and ultraviolet energy harvesting donors that drive Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) cascades through the DNA wires with emissions that approach the near-infrared. To assemble the wires, DNA fragments labeled with a series of increasingly red-shifted acceptor-dyes were hybridized in a predetermined linear arrangement to a complementary DNA template that was chemoselectively modified with a hexahistidine-appended peptide. The peptide portion facilitated metal-affinity coordination of multiple hybridized DNA-dye structures to a central OD completing the final nanocrystal-DNA photonic wire structure. We assembled several such hybrid structures where labeled-acceptor dyes were excited by the QDs and arranged to interact with each other via consecutive FRET processes. The inherently facile reconfiguration properties of this design allowed testing of alternate formats including the addition of an intercalating dye located in the template DNA or placement of multiple identical dye acceptors that engaged in homoFRET. Lastly, a photonic structure linking the central QD with multiple copies of DNA hybridized with 4-sequentially arranged acceptor dyes and demonstrating 4-consecutive energy transfer steps was examined. Step-by-step monitoring of energy transfer with both steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy allowed efficiencies to be tracked through the structures and suggested that acceptor dye quantum yields are the predominant limiting factor. Integrating such DNA-based photonic structures with QDs can help create a new generation of biophotonic wire assemblies with widespread potential in nanotechnology. C1 [Boeneman, Kelly; Prasuhn, Duane E.; Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stewart, Michael H.; Susumu, Kimihiro; Huston, Alan] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Melinger, Joseph S.; Ancona, Mario] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Blanco-Canosa, Juan B.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Blanco-Canosa, Juan B.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil RI Gemmill, Kelly/G-2167-2012 FU CB Directorate/Physical S&T Division (DTRA); ONR; NRL; NRL-NSI; ASEE through NRL FX The authors acknowledge the CB Directorate/Physical S&T Division (DTRA), ONR, NRL and the NRL-NSI for financial support. K.B. and D.E.P. acknowledge ASEE fellowships through NRL. J.B.B.-C acknowledges a Marie Curie IOF. NR 56 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 5 U2 91 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD DEC 29 PY 2010 VL 132 IS 51 BP 18177 EP 18190 DI 10.1021/ja106465x PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 701LF UT WOS:000285818700036 PM 21141858 ER PT J AU Razzaque, S Jean, P Mena, O AF Razzaque, Soebur Jean, Pierre Mena, Olga TI High energy neutrinos from novae in symbiotic binaries: The case of V407 Cygni SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION LINE-PROFILES; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; STARS; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRA; OBJECTS; ATLAS AB Detection of high-energy (>= 100 MeV) gamma rays by the Fermi Large Area Telescope from a nova in the symbiotic binary system V407 Cygni has opened the possibility of high-energy neutrino detection from this type of source. A thermonuclear explosion on the white dwarf surface sets off a nova shell in motion that expands and slows down in a dense surrounding medium provided by the red giant companion. Particles are accelerated in the shocks of the shell and interact with the surrounding medium to produce observed gamma rays. We show that proton-proton interaction, which is most likely responsible for producing gamma rays via neutral pion decay, produces >= 0:1 GeV neutrinos that can be detected by the current and future experiments at >= 10 GeV. C1 [Razzaque, Soebur] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Jean, Pierre] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Mena, Olga] CSIC, IFIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Madrid, Spain. [Mena, Olga] Univ Valencia, E-46003 Valencia, Spain. RP Razzaque, S (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM srazzaque@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil FU NASA FX We thank C. C. Cheung, C. D. Dermer, A. Yu. Smirnov, C. Spiering, and K. S. Wood for helpful comments and discussion. The work of S. R. was supported in part by the Fermi Cycle II Guest Investigator Program by NASA. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC 28 PY 2010 VL 82 IS 12 AR 123012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.82.123012 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 713OW UT WOS:000286748300002 ER PT J AU Zu, LJ Wills, AW Kennedy, TA Glaser, ER Norris, DJ AF Zu, Lijun Wills, Andrew W. Kennedy, Thomas A. Glaser, Evan R. Norris, David J. TI Effect of Different Manganese Precursors on the Doping Efficiency in ZnSe Nanocrystals SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID CDS/ZNS CORE/SHELL NANOCRYSTALS; LUMINESCENCE QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; DOPED ZNS; ORGANOMETALLIC SYNTHESIS; DOTS; MN; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SPINTRONICS; ZNSMN2+ AB We prepare ZnSe nanocrystals in the presence of several different Mn precursors to investigate the incorporation of Mn as an intentional impurity. Four different Mn sources, including dimethylmanganese, tricarbonyl methylcyclopentadienylmanganese, Mn(II) cyclohexanebutyrate, and Mn(2)(mu-SeMe)(2)(CO)(8) are tested in a standard hot-injection organometallic synthesis. The resulting ZnSe nanocrystals can exhibit two optical emission peaks: one related to the incorporation of Mn at around 585 nm and one due to electron-hole recombination in the nanocrystal at around 400 nm. We use the photoluminescence intensity ratio of these two peaks to extract information about the doping efficiency. These results are further verified with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Among the four Mn sources, dimethylmanganese leads to the highest doping efficiency, tricarbonyl methylcyclopentadienymanganese and Mn(2)(mu-SeMe)(2)(CO)(8) lead to poor incorporation, and Mn(II) cyclohexanebutyrate leads to weak incorporation of Mn that appears to be mostly at or near the nanocrystal surface. C1 [Kennedy, Thomas A.; Glaser, Evan R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zu, Lijun; Wills, Andrew W.; Norris, David J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Norris, DJ (reprint author), ETH, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. EM dnorris@ethz.ch RI Norris, David/F-4022-2010 FU National Science Foundation (NSF); NSF MRSEC [DMR-0819885]; NSF Materials World Network [DMR-0908629]; NSF through the MRSEC; ERC; MRI programs; Office of Naval Research; [CTS-0332484] FX This work was primarily supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF). L.Z. received funding under award no. CTS-0332484. A.W.W. was supported under the NSF MRSEC Program under DMR-0819885 and the NSF Materials World Network under DMR-0908629. This work also utilized the Characterization Facility at the University of Minnesota, which has received capital equipment funding from the NSF through the MRSEC, ERC, and MRI programs. T.A.K. and E.G. received funding from the Office of Naval Research. NR 48 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 38 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD DEC 23 PY 2010 VL 114 IS 50 BP 21969 EP 21975 DI 10.1021/jp106594n PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 693PU UT WOS:000285236800012 ER PT J AU Kon, AA AF Kon, Alexander A. TI Shared and Physician-Directed Decision Making in Clinical Practice Reply SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Kon, AA (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM aakon@ucdavis.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 22 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 24 BP 2698 EP 2698 DI 10.1001/jama.2010.1788-a PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 697MP UT WOS:000285518000013 ER PT J AU Moore, TE Fok, MC Delcourt, DC Slinker, SP Fedder, JA AF Moore, T. E. Fok, M. -C. Delcourt, D. C. Slinker, S. P. Fedder, J. A. TI Global response to local ionospheric mass ejection SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-WIND; PLASMA SHEET; RING CURRENT; ION OUTFLOW; POLAR-CAP; DENSITY; EVENTS AB We revisit a reported "Ionospheric Mass Ejection" using prior event observations to guide a global simulation of local ionospheric outflows, global magnetospheric circulation, and plasma sheet pressurization, and comparing our results with the observed global response. Our simulation framework is based on test particle motions in the Lyon-Fedder-Mobarry (LFM) global circulation model electromagnetic fields. The inner magnetosphere is simulated with the Comprehensive Ring Current Model (CRCM) of Fok and Wolf, driven by the transpolar potential developed by the LFM magnetosphere, and includes an embedded plasmaspheric simulation. Global circulation is stimulated using the observed solar wind conditions for the period 24-25 September 1998. This period begins with the arrival of a Coronal Mass Ejection, initially with northward, but later with southward interplanetary magnetic field. Test particles are launched from the ionosphere with fluxes specified by local empirical relationships of outflow to electrodynamic and particle precipitation imposed by the MHD simulation. Particles are tracked until they are lost from the system downstream or into the atmosphere, using the full equations of motion. Results are compared with the observed ring current and a simulation of polar and auroral wind outflows driven globally by solar wind dynamic pressure. We find good quantitative agreement with the observed ring current, and reasonable qualitative agreement with earlier simulation results, suggesting that the solar wind driven global simulation generates realistic energy dissipation in the ionosphere and that the Strangeway relations provide a realistic local outflow description. C1 [Moore, T. E.; Fok, M. -C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Geospace Phys Lab, Heliophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Delcourt, D. C.] Ctr Etud Environm Terrestre & Planetaires, F-94107 St Maur, France. [Fedder, J. A.] Leading Edge Technol Inc, Alexandria, VA 22301 USA. [Slinker, S. P.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Moore, TE (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Geospace Phys Lab, Heliophys Sci Div, Code 670, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM t.e.moore@nasa.gov RI Moore, Thomas/D-4675-2012; Fok, Mei-Ching/D-1626-2012 OI Moore, Thomas/0000-0002-3150-1137; FU NASA Heliophysics Division [WBS 936723.02.01.03.82]; NASA FX We thank Manuel Buenfil and Robert Wiegand, who through their mastery of mathematics, programming, database, and visualization, made this work possible. We acknowledge support from the NASA Heliophysics Division through the ROSES program under WBS 936723.02.01.03.82, and NASA's High Performance Computing Program. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD DEC 21 PY 2010 VL 115 AR A00J14 DI 10.1029/2010JA015640 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 699BQ UT WOS:000285639300004 ER PT J AU Yesinowski, JP Ladouceur, HD Purdy, AP Miller, JB AF Yesinowski, James P. Ladouceur, Harold D. Purdy, Andrew P. Miller, Joel B. TI Electrical and ionic conductivity effects on magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance parameters of CuI SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SOLID-STATE NMR; CUPROUS HALIDES; CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; QUADRUPOLAR NUCLEI; DYNAMICAL STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; LATTICE RELAXATION; ROTATING SOLIDS; GAAS-IN; MAS NMR AB We investigate experimentally and theoretically the effects of two different types of conductivity, electrical and ionic, upon magic-angle spinning NMR spectra. The experimental demonstration of these effects involves (63)Cu, (65)Cu, and (127)I variable temperature MAS-NMR experiments on samples of gamma-CuI, a Cu(+)-ion conductor at elevated temperatures as well as a wide bandgap semiconductor. We extend previous observations that the chemical shifts depend very strongly upon the square of the spinning-speed as well as the particular sample studied and the magnetic field strength. By using the (207)Pb resonance of lead nitrate mixed with the gamma-CuI as an internal chemical shift thermometer we show that frictional heating effects of the rotor do not account for the observations. Instead, we find that spinning bulk CuI, a p-type semiconductor due to Cu(+) vacancies in nonstoichiometric samples, in a magnetic field generates induced AC electric currents from the Lorentz force that can resistively heat the sample by over 200 degrees C. These induced currents oscillate along the rotor spinning axis at the spinning speed. Their associated heating effects are disrupted in samples containing inert filler material, indicating the existence of macroscopic current pathways between micron-sized crystallites. Accurate measurements of the temperature-dependence of the (63)Cu and (127)I chemical shifts in such diluted samples reveal that they are of similar magnitude (ca. 0.27 ppm/K) but opposite sign (being negative for (63)Cu), and appear to depend slightly upon the particular sample. This relationship is identical to the corresponding slopes of the chemical shifts versus square of the spinning speed, again consistent with sample heating as the source of the observed large shift changes. Higher drive-gas pressures are required to spin samples that have higher effective electrical conductivities, indicating the presence of a braking effect arising from the induced currents produced by rotating a conductor in a homogeneous magnetic field. We present a theoretical analysis and finite-element simulations that account for the magnitude and rapid time-scale of the resistive heating effects and the quadratic spinning speed dependence of the chemical shift observed experimentally. Known thermophysical properties are used as inputs to the model, the sole adjustable parameter being a scaling of the bulk thermal conductivity of CuI in order to account for the effective thermal conductivity of the rotating powdered sample. In addition to the dramatic consequences of electrical conductivity in the sample, ionic conductivity also influences the spectra. All three nuclei exhibit quadrupolar satellite transitions extending over several hundred kilohertz that reflect defects perturbing the cubic symmetry of the zincblende lattice. Broadening of these satellite transitions with increasing temperature arises from the onset of Cu(+) ion jumps to sites with different electric field gradients, a process that interferes with the formation of rotational echoes. This broadening has been quantitatively analyzed for the (63)Cu and (65)Cu nuclei using a simple model in the literature to yield an activation barrier of 0.64 eV (61.7 kJ/mole) for the Cu(+) ion jumping motion responsible for the ionic conductivity that agrees with earlier results based on (63)Cu NMR relaxation times of static samples. [doi:10.1063/1.3526484] C1 [Yesinowski, James P.; Ladouceur, Harold D.; Purdy, Andrew P.; Miller, Joel B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yesinowski, JP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM yesinowski@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 68 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD DEC 21 PY 2010 VL 133 IS 23 AR 234509 DI 10.1063/1.3526484 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 697NG UT WOS:000285519700031 PM 21186877 ER PT J AU Landerville, AC Conroy, MW Budzevich, MM Lin, Y White, CT Oleynik, II AF Landerville, A. C. Conroy, M. W. Budzevich, M. M. Lin, Y. White, C. T. Oleynik, I. I. TI Equations of state for energetic materials from density functional theory with van der Waals, thermal, and zero-point energy corrections SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR-CRYSTALS; SOLID NITROMETHANE; DIFFRACTION; PRESSURES; GPA; HMX AB It is shown that the introduction of zero-point energy and thermal effects to density functional theory with an empirical van der Waals correction results in a significant improvement in the prediction of equilibrium volumes and isothermal equations of state for hydrostatic compressions of energetic materials at nonzero temperatures. This method can be used to predict the thermophysical properties of these materials for a wide range of pressures and temperatures. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3526754] C1 [Landerville, A. C.; Conroy, M. W.; Budzevich, M. M.; Lin, Y.; Oleynik, I. I.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [White, C. T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Landerville, AC (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. RI Oleynik, Ivan/R-5004-2016 OI Oleynik, Ivan/0000-0002-5348-6484 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); NRL; ARO within MURI FX The work at the USF and NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and NRL. In addition, USF received a partial support from ARO within MURI on insensitive munitions. Calculations were performed using NSF TeraGrid facilities, USF Research Computing Cluster, and computational facilities of Materials Simulation Laboratory at the University of South Florida. NR 29 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 29 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD DEC 20 PY 2010 VL 97 IS 25 AR 251908 DI 10.1063/1.3526754 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 700SJ UT WOS:000285764300026 ER PT J AU Lall, AA Terray, A Hart, SJ AF Lall, A. A. Terray, A. Hart, S. J. TI On-the-fly cross flow laser guided separation of aerosol particles based on size, refractive index and density-theoretical analysis SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID FORCE OPTICAL TRAP; ELECTRICAL MOBILITY ANALYSIS; AGGREGATE SURFACE-AREA; RADIATION PRESSURE; VOLUME DISTRIBUTIONS; ONLINE MEASUREMENT; CHROMATOGRAPHY; BEAM; MANIPULATION; LEVITATION AB Laser separation of particles is achieved using forces resulting from the momentum exchange between particles and photons constituting the laser radiation. Particles can experience different optical forces depending on their size and/or optical properties, such as refractive index. Thus, particles can move at different speeds in the presence of an optical force, leading to spatial separations. In this paper, we present a theoretical analysis on laser separation of non-absorbing aerosol particles moving at speeds (1-10 cm/sec) which are several orders of magnitude greater than typical particle speeds used in previous studies in liquid medium. The calculations are presented for particle deflection by a loosely focused Gaussian 1064 nm laser, which simultaneously holds and deflects particles entrained in flow perpendicular to their direction of travel. The gradient force holds the particles against the viscous drag for a short period of time. The scattering force simultaneously pushes the particles, perpendicular to the flow, during this period. Our calculations show particle deflections of over 2500 mu m for 15 mu m aerosol particles, and a separation of over 1500 mu m between 5 mu m and 10 mu m particles when the laser is operated at 10W. We show that a separation of about 421 mu m can be achieved between two particles of the same size (10 mu m) but having a refractive index difference of 0.1. Density based separations are also possible. Two 10 mu m particles with a density difference of 600 kg/m(3) can be separated by 193 mu m. Examples are shown for separation distances between polystyrene, poly(methylmethacrylate), silica and water particles. These large laser guided deflections represent a novel achievement for optical separation in the gas phase. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Lall, A. A.] Excet Inc, Springfield, VA USA. [Terray, A.; Hart, S. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lall, AA (reprint author), Excet Inc, Springfield, VA USA. EM sean.hart@nrl.navy.mi FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [BA09DET067]; Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX The authors would like to acknowledge funding by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under contract number BA09DET067, and the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 12 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD DEC 20 PY 2010 VL 18 IS 26 BP 26775 EP 26790 DI 10.1364/OE.18.026775 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA 698HF UT WOS:000285584200072 PM 21196954 ER PT J AU Melinger, JS Harsha, SS Laman, N Grischkowsky, D AF Melinger, Joseph S. Harsha, S. Sree Laman, N. Grischkowsky, D. TI Temperature dependent characterization of terahertz vibrations of explosives and related threat materials SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID TIME-DOMAIN SPECTROSCOPY; FAR-INFRARED SPECTRA; SECURITY APPLICATIONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; THEORETICAL-ANALYSIS; HMX; THZ; REFINEMENT; PETN; FORM AB Waveguide terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is used to characterize the temperature dependent vibrational properties of three threat-related materials: 4-amino-dinitrotoluene (4A-DNT), pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX). These materials are characterized as thin polycrystalline layers deposited in the 50 micron gap of a metal parallel plate waveguide. For each material waveguide THz-TDS at least partially resolves the underlying vibrational spectrum and reveals new features that have not been observed in previous free space measurements of these materials. Strong experimental evidence for a phase transformation is observed for 4A-DNT as the polycrystalline layer on the waveguide surface is cooled to near 200 K. For PETN a highly resolved spectrum containing eleven vibrational lines is observed at 11 K with full-width at half maximum linewidths ranging from 7 GHz to 40 GHz. Based on comparison to measurements in the literature, our PETN measurement suggests that it is possible to produce narrow linewidths from a polycrystalline layer that approach those from a single crystal. Finally, for HMX, a highly resolved vibrational spectrum is measured that is assigned to the metastable gamma polymorph. (C)2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Melinger, Joseph S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Harsha, S. Sree; Laman, N.; Grischkowsky, D.] Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Melinger, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Code 6812, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joseph.melinger@nrl.navy.mil RI Srikantaiah, Sree/D-7744-2011 FU Office of Naval Research; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [10-2960M] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (10-2960M). NR 26 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 16 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD DEC 20 PY 2010 VL 18 IS 26 BP 27238 EP 27250 DI 10.1364/OE.18.027238 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA 698HF UT WOS:000285584200103 PM 21197001 ER PT J AU Englert, CR Harlander, JM Emmert, JT Babcock, DD Roesler, FL AF Englert, Christoph R. Harlander, John M. Emmert, John T. Babcock, David D. Roesler, Frederick L. TI Initial ground-based thermospheric wind measurements using Doppler asymmetric spatial heterodyne spectroscopy (DASH) SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID PEROT-INTERFEROMETER MEASUREMENTS; ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH SATELLITE; MILLSTONE HILL; CIRCULATION AB We present the first thermospheric wind measurements using a Doppler Asymmetric Spatial Heterodyne (DASH) spectrometer and the oxygen red-line nightglow emission. The ground-based observations were made from Washington, DC and include simultaneous calibration measurements to track and correct instrument drifts. Even though the measurements were made under challenging thermal and light pollution conditions, they are of good quality with photon statistics uncertainties between about three and twenty-nine meters per second, depending on the nightglow intensity. The wind data are commensurate with a representative set of Millstone Hill Fabry-Perot wind measurements selected for similar geomagnetic and solar cycle conditions. (C)2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Englert, Christoph R.; Emmert, John T.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Harlander, John M.] St Cloud State Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Engn Sci, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. [Babcock, David D.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Roesler, Frederick L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Englert, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7641,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Christoph.Englert@nrl.navy.mil OI Englert, Christoph/0000-0002-2145-6168 FU Office of Naval Research; NSF FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The authors would like to thank Ronen Feldman, Andrew N. Straatveit, John F. Moser, W. Layne Marlin, Patrick B. Bell, David E. Siskind, Thomas J. Immel, Stephen B. Mende, and Todd R. Pedersen for their assistance and/or valuable discussions. The Millstone Hill FPI wind data were obtained from the NSF-supported CEDAR database at the National Center for Atmospheric Research. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 10 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD DEC 20 PY 2010 VL 18 IS 26 BP 27416 EP 27430 DI 10.1364/OE.18.027416 PG 15 WC Optics SC Optics GA 698HF UT WOS:000285584200004 PM 21197018 ER PT J AU Xu, X Schmitz, WJ Hurlburt, HE Hogan, PJ Chassignet, EP AF Xu, X. Schmitz, W. J., Jr. Hurlburt, H. E. Hogan, P. J. Chassignet, E. P. TI Transport of Nordic Seas overflow water into and within the Irminger Sea: An eddy-resolving simulation and observations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID DENMARK STRAIT OVERFLOW; SUBPOLAR NORTH-ATLANTIC; GREENLAND-SCOTLAND RIDGE; BANK CHANNEL OVERFLOW; GIBBS FRACTURE-ZONE; ICELAND BASIN; DEEP-WATER; BOUNDARY CURRENT; LABRADOR SEA; BOTTOM-WATER AB Results from a climatologically forced, eddy-resolving (1/12 degrees) Atlantic simulation using the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model help clarify some presently unresolved connections between volume transports of Nordic Seas overflow water at key locations in the northernmost North Atlantic Ocean. The model results demonstrate that, in addition to the known westward flow through the Charlie Gibbs Fracture Zone (CGFZ), some Iceland Scotland overflow water (ISOW) flows westward through gaps in the Reykjanes Ridge north of the CGFZ into the Irminger Sea, and some flows southward along the eastern flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge into the West European Basin. These results provide insights into the well-known inconsistency between observed westward transport of ISOW through the CGFZ (2.4 Sv) and the transports upstream at Southeast of Iceland section (3.2 Sv) and downstream in the western Irminger Sea (4.5 Sv). Although the portion of the simulated ISOW that flows through CGFZ is about 500 m deeper than observed, the model results also show two ISOW pathways of this flow into the Irminger Sea, one northward along the western flank of the Reykjanes Ridge and the other westward before turning north-eastward on the western side of the Irminger Basin. Comparisons with the long-term moored instrument database in the Irminger Sea show that the model-based mean circulation is in reasonable agreement with observed volume transports of overflow water and that it gives approximately correct temperature and salinity characteristics. C1 [Xu, X.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Chassignet, E. P.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Hurlburt, H. E.; Hogan, P. J.] USN, Div Oceanog, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Schmitz, W. J., Jr.] Texas A&M Univ, Harte Res Inst, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. RP Xu, X (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, 1020 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM xiaobiao.xu@usm.edu FU National Ocean Partnership Program; Office of Naval Research [601153N] FX This work is a contribution to the project "U.S.-GODAE: Global Ocean Prediction using the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM)" funded under the National Ocean Partnership Program and to the 6.1 project " Global Remote Littoral Forcing via Deep Water Pathways" funded by the Office of Naval Research under program element 601153N. Simulations were performed on the supercomputer at the Naval Oceanographic Office, Stennis Space Center, MS, provided by the U.S. Defense Department High Performance Computing Modernization Program. The authors thank A. Wallcraft and E. J. Metzger from NRL/SSC for help on the configurations of numerical experiments. Figures 4a and A1b are plotted using Ocean Data View (http://odv.awi.de). This is Naval Research Laboratory publication number NRL/JA/7304-10-251, and it has been approved for public release. NR 55 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD DEC 18 PY 2010 VL 115 AR C12048 DI 10.1029/2010JC006351 PG 20 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 696UB UT WOS:000285465800002 ER PT J AU Defang, GN Khetawat, D Broder, CC Quinnan, GV AF Defang, Gabriel N. Khetawat, Dimple Broder, Christopher C. Quinnan, Gerald V., Jr. TI Induction of neutralizing antibodies to Hendra and Nipah glycoproteins using a Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus in vivo expression system SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Henipavirus; Alphavirus replicon; Vaccine ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ALPHAVIRUS REPLICON PARTICLES; TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION; MUCOSAL CHALLENGE; HIGH INFECTIVITY; SUBUNIT VACCINE; MEMBRANE-FUSION; FLYING-FOXES; TYPE-1 MN; PROTECTION AB The emergence of Hendra Virus (Hey) and Nipah Virus (NiV) which can cause fatal infections in both animals and humans has triggered a search for an effective vaccine. Here, we have explored the potential for generating an effective humoral immune response to these zoonotic pathogens using an alphavirus-based vaccine platform. Groups of mice were immunized with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles (VRPs) encoding the attachment or fusion glycoproteins of either Hey or NiV. We demonstrate the induction of highly potent cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies to both viruses using this approach. Preliminary study suggested early enhancement in the antibody response with use of a modified version of VRP. Overall, these data suggest that the use of an alphavirus-derived vaccine platform might serve as a viable approach for the development of an effective vaccine against the henipaviruses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Defang, Gabriel N.] USN, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Defang, Gabriel N.; Quinnan, Gerald V., Jr.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Defang, Gabriel N.; Khetawat, Dimple; Broder, Christopher C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Defang, GN (reprint author), USN, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM gabriel.defang@med.navy.mil FU NIH [AI037438, AI054715]; Middle Atlantic Regional Center of Excellence (MARCE) for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease Research, NIH [AI057168] FX This work was supported by NIH grants AI037438, AI054715 and the Middle Atlantic Regional Center of Excellence (MARCE) for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease Research, NIH AI057168. NR 60 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD DEC 16 PY 2010 VL 29 IS 2 BP 212 EP 220 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.10.053 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 717OM UT WOS:000287057300009 PM 21050901 ER PT J AU Mied, RP Schulz, WJ Handler, RA Snow, CM Fusina, RA Porter, JH AF Mied, Richard P. Schulz, William J. Handler, Robert A. Snow, Charlotte M. Fusina, Robert A. Porter, John H. TI Remote and local forcing of a coastal lagoon The Virginia Coast Reserve SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Remote forcing; Lagoon; Continental shelf wave; Virginia coast r serve; Tide; Wind ID CHESAPEAKE BAY; DELAWARE BAY; TIDAL VARIABILITY; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; TIME-SERIES; ADJACENT; RIVER; CIRCULATION; DISPERSAL; DYNAMICS AB The effects of local and remote wind forcing of water level heights in the Virginia Coast Reserve (VCR) are examined in order to determine the significant forces governing estuarine motions over subtidal time scales Recent (1996-2008) data from tide and wind stations in the lagoon a tide station to the north at Sandy Hook NJ and one offshore wind station at the Chesapeake Light Tower are examined Sea surface height spectrum calculations reveal significant diurnal and semidiurnal tidal effects along with subtidal variations but a suppressed inertial signal Sea-surface heights (SSH) with 2-5 day periods at Wachapreague VA are coherent with those at Sandy Hook and lag them in time suggesting that southward-propagating continental shelf waves provide subtidal variability within the lagoon The coherence between lagoon winds and sea surface height as well as between winds and cross-lagoon sea height gradient were significant at a relatively small number of frequency and wind direction combinations The frequencies at which this wind forcing occurs are the tidal and subtidal bands present to the north so that lagoon winds selectively augment existing SSH signals but do not generate them The impact of the wind direction is closely related to the geometry of the lagoon and bounding landmasses The effect of wind stress is also constrained by geometry in affecting the cross-lagoon water height gradient Water levels at subtidal frequencies are likely forced by a combination of local wind forcing remote wind forcing and oceanic forcing modified by the complex topography of the lagoon shelf and barrier Islands Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 [Mied, Richard P.; Handler, Robert A.; Snow, Charlotte M.; Fusina, Robert A.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schulz, William J.] USN Acad, Dept Oceanog, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Porter, John H.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Mied, RP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7200,4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU National Science Foundation [BSR-8702333-06, DEB 9211772, DEB-9411974, DEB-0080381, DEB-0621014]; Naval Research Laboratory [72-6286-00] FX Some data used in this publication were provided by the Virginia Coast Reserve LTER project and was based upon work supported by National Science Foundation grants BSR-8702333-06 DEB 9211772 DEB-9411974 DEB-0080381 and DEB-0621014 The Virginia Coast Reserve of the Nature Conservancy provided access to study sites Work at the Naval Research Laboratory was supported by project 72-6286-00 We would also like to express our appreciation to Joseph Rhea (NRL) for invaluable programming and data assistance NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-4343 J9 CONT SHELF RES JI Cont. Shelf Res. PD DEC 15 PY 2010 VL 30 IS 20 BP 2057 EP 2066 DI 10.1016/j.csr.2010.10.005 PG 10 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 701HK UT WOS:000285808800002 ER PT J AU Jiang, T Emerson, D Twarowski, K Finkenstadt, D Therrien, J AF Jiang, T. Emerson, D. Twarowski, K. Finkenstadt, D. Therrien, J. TI Rotation of the linear-polarization plane of transmitted and reflected light by single-and few-layer graphene SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SHEETS; FILMS AB Transmission and reflection measurements performed on single- and few-layer graphene indicate the presence of circular dichroism (CD). Surface roughness appears to moderate the effect with ultraflat graphene on mica not showing CD. Application of an external magnetic field had no effect, ruling out any contribution from spin polarization. Symmetry breaking of the graphene lattice due to a soft shear mode in the graphene sheet is believed to be the origin of the requisite asymmetry for this effect to occur. C1 [Emerson, D.; Twarowski, K.; Therrien, J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Jiang, T.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Finkenstadt, D.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Therrien, J (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM joel_therrien@uml.edu FU National Science Foundation under the Nanoscale Science and Engineering Centers [NSF-0425826]; Office of Naval Research, via the NRL-USNA FX We would like to thank Anna Swan of Boston University for providing the Raman analysis of our samples and Zhiyoung Gu at UML for the use of the facilities in his laboratory for some of these experiments. We would also like to thank Alkim Akyurtlu and Nantakan Wongkasem of UML for their input on the chirality measurements and Antonio Castro-Neto from Boston University for comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under the Nanoscale Science and Engineering Centers Program (Award No. NSF-0425826). D.F. was supported by the Office of Naval Research, via the NRL-USNA Cooperative Program. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC 15 PY 2010 VL 82 IS 23 AR 235430 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.235430 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 713XB UT WOS:000286769600007 ER PT J AU Gee, AM Pfalzer, L Stout, N Levy, E McGarvey, C Springer, B Soballe, P Gerber, L AF Gee, A. Morehead Pfalzer, L. Stout, N. Levy, E. McGarvey, C. Springer, B. Soballe, P. Gerber, L. TI Racial Disparities in Physical and Functional Domains in Women with Early Breast Cancer SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Michigan, Flint, MI 48503 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. CLM Consulting, Rockville, MD USA. Balboa Naval Hosp, San Diego, CA USA. George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD DEC 15 PY 2010 VL 70 SU 24 MA P1-10-06 DI 10.1158/0008-5472.SABCS10-P1-10-06 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V43QL UT WOS:000209695800458 ER PT J AU Overfelt, PL Halterman, K Feng, SM Bowling, DR AF Overfelt, P. L. Halterman, Klaus Feng, Simin Bowling, D. R. TI Mode bifurcation and fold points of complex dispersion curves for the negative index metamaterial Goubau line SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LEAKY WAVES; FREQUENCY; GUIDES AB In this paper the complex dispersion curves of the four lowest-order transverse magnetic modes of a dielectric Goubau line (epsilon > 0, mu > 0) are compared with those of a weakly dispersive negative index metamaterial (NIM) Goubau line. The vastly different dispersion curve structure for the NIM Goubau line is characterized by unusual features such as mode bifurcation, complex fold points, both proper and improper complex modes, and merging of complex and real modes. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3465330] C1 [Overfelt, P. L.; Halterman, Klaus; Feng, Simin; Bowling, D. R.] USN, Res & Intelligence Dept, Div Phys, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Overfelt, PL (reprint author), USN, Res & Intelligence Dept, Div Phys, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM klaus.halterman@navy.mil RI Halterman, Klaus/G-3826-2012; OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134 FU ONR [N0001410-WX-20737]; DOD HPCMP; HPC FX The authors acknowledge G. A. Lindsay, Z. Sechrist, and G. Ostrom for valuable discussions and the support from ONR under Contract No. N0001410-WX-20737, as well as NAVAIR's ILIR program from ONR. K. H. is also supported in part by a grant of HPC resources as part of the DOD HPCMP. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 15 PY 2010 VL 108 IS 12 AR 124310 DI 10.1063/1.3465330 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 700UC UT WOS:000285768800103 ER PT J AU Doschek, GA Feldman, U AF Doschek, G. A. Feldman, U. TI The solar UV-x-ray spectrum from 1.5 to 2000 angstrom SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID ULTRAVIOLET IMAGING SPECTROMETER; ACTIVE-REGION LOOPS; TRANSITION REGION; QUIET-SUN; RATE COEFFICIENTS; DIELECTRONIC RECOMBINATION; SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS; DENSITY-MEASUREMENTS; ENERGETIC PARTICLES; HINOTORI SATELLITE AB This review illustrates the potential of UV-x-ray spectroscopy for determining the physical conditions in the solar chromosphere, transition region and corona, and how spectroscopy can be used as a tool to understand the physical mechanisms governing the atmosphere. It also illustrates the potential for understanding transient events such as solar flares. This is a vast topic, and therefore the review is necessarily not complete, but we have tried to be as general as possible in showing in particular how solar spectra are currently being used to understand the solar upper atmosphere. The review is intended for non-solar physicists with an interest in spectroscopy as well as for solar physicists who are not specialists in spectroscopy. C1 [Doschek, G. A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Feldman, U.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. RP Doschek, GA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ufeldman@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil FU NASA; ONR/NRL; JAXA; NAOJ; STFC; ESA (European Space Agency); NSC (Norway) FX The authors acknowledge support from the NASA Hinode program and from ONR/NRL 6.1 basic research funds. Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, collaborating with NAOJ as domestic partner, and NASA (USA) and STFC (UK) as international partners. Scientific operation of the Hinode mission is conducted by the Hinode science team organized at ISAS/JAXA. This team mainly consists of scientists from institutes in the partner countries. Support for the post-launch operation is provided by JAXA and NAOJ, STFC, NASA, ESA (European Space Agency) and NSC (Norway). We are grateful to the Hinode team for all their efforts in the design, build and operation of the mission. NR 107 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 EI 1361-6455 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD DEC 14 PY 2010 VL 43 IS 23 AR 232001 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/43/23/232001 PG 23 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 683FS UT WOS:000284458100002 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Allafort, A Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Baring, MG Bastieri, D Bellazzini, R Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Cecchi, C Celik, O Chaty, S Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Conrad, J den Hartog, PR Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Dib, R Dormody, M Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Enoto, T Favuzzi, C Frailis, M Fusco, P Gargano, F Gehrels, N Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hays, E Israel, GL Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Kaspi, VM Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Lee, SH Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Makeev, A Marelli, M Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Mehault, J Michelson, PF Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Naumann-Godo, M Nolan, PL Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Parent, D Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Rea, N Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Sadrozinski, HFW Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strickman, MS Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Winer, BL Wood, KS Yang, Z Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Allafort, A. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. G. Bastieri, D. Bellazzini, R. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe. Chaty, S. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Conrad, J. den Hartog, P. R. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Dib, R. Dormody, M. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Enoto, T. Favuzzi, C. Frailis, M. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hays, E. Israel, G. L. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Kaspi, V. M. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Lee, S. -H. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Marelli, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Mehault, J. Michelson, P. F. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Naumann-Godo, M. Nolan, P. L. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Rea, N. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. S. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Yang, Z. Ziegler, M. TI SEARCH FOR GAMMA-RAY EMISSION FROM MAGNETARS WITH THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: stars; magnetic fields; pulsars: individual (4U 0142+614, 1E 1048.1-5937, 1E 1841-045, 1E 1547-5408, 1RXS J1708-4009, XTE J1810-197, CXOU J1647-4552, 1E 2259+586, SGR 1900+14, SGR 1806-20, SGR 1627-41, SGR 0501+4516, SGR 0418+5729); stars: magnetars ID RESONANT CYCLOTRON SCATTERING; HARD X-RAYS; 4U 0142+61; AXP 4U-0142+61; 1E 1547.0-5408; SGR 0501+4516; CRAB PULSAR; DISCOVERY; REPEATER; OUTBURST AB We report on the search for 0.1-10 GeV emission from magnetars in 17 months of Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) observations. No significant evidence for gamma-ray emission from any of the currently known magnetars is found. The most stringent upper limits to date on their persistent emission in the Fermi energy range are estimated between similar to 10(-12) and 10(-10) erg s(-1) cm(-2), depending on the source. We also searched for gamma-ray pulsations and possible outbursts, also with no significant detection. The upper limits derived support the presence of a cutoff at an energy below a few MeV in the persistent emission of magnetars. They also show the likely need for a revision of current models of outer-gap emission from strongly magnetized pulsars, which, in some realizations, predict detectable GeV emission from magnetars at flux levels exceeding the upper limits identified here using the Fermi-LAT observations. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Cheung, C. C.; Dermer, C. D.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Parent, D.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Cheung, C. C.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; den Hartog, P. R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Enoto, T.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; den Hartog, P. R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Enoto, T.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Chaty, S.; Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Tibaldo, L.] CEA IRFU CNRS Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, Serv Astrophys, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.; Rea, N.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Celik, Oe.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe.; Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Celik, Oe.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.; Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Conrad, J.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dib, R.; Kaspi, V. M.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Dormody, M.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Dormody, M.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astron Trieste, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Giommi, P.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Israel, G. L.] Osserv Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Roma, Italy. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mehault, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Okumura, A.; Ozaki, M.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.; Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Tramacere, A.] INTEGRAL Sci Data Ctr, CH-1290 Chavannes Des Bois, Switzerland. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM tburnett@u.washington.edu; andrea.caliandro@ieec.uab.es; daniela.hadasch@gmail.com; rea@ieec.uab.es RI Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Rea, Nanda/I-2853-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013 OI Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Marelli, Martino/0000-0002-8017-0338; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Chaty, Sylvain/0000-0002-5769-8601; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Israel, GianLuca/0000-0001-5480-6438; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Rea, Nanda/0000-0003-2177-6388; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; FU K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; International Doctorate on Astroparticle Physics (IDAPP); NASA, United States; DOE, United States; CEA/Irfu, France; IN2P3/CNRS, France; ASI, Italy; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; KEK, Japan; JAXA, Japan; Swedish Research Council; National Space Board in Sweden; INAF in Italy; CNES in France FX Partially supported by the International Doctorate on Astroparticle Physics (IDAPP) program.; The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and DOE in the United States, CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS in France, ASI and INFN in Italy, MEXT, KEK, and JAXA in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support from INAF in Italy and CNES in France for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. NR 43 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 10 PY 2010 VL 725 IS 1 BP L73 EP L78 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/725/1/L73 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 684UE UT WOS:000284575400016 ER PT J AU Caraveo, PA De Luca, A Marelli, M Bignami, GF Ray, PS Parkinson, PMS Kanbach, G AF Caraveo, P. A. De Luca, A. Marelli, M. Bignami, G. F. Ray, P. S. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Kanbach, G. TI X-RAY PULSATIONS FROM THE RADIO-QUIET GAMMA-RAY PULSAR IN CTA 1 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE pulsars: individual (PSR J0007+7303); stars: neutron ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; SUPERNOVA REMNANT CTA-1; PHOTON IMAGING CAMERA; XMM-NEWTON; GEMINGA; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRUM AB Prompted by the Fermi-LAT discovery of a radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsar inside the CTA 1 supernova remnant, we obtained a 130 ks XMM-Newton observation to assess the timing behavior of this pulsar. Exploiting both the unprecedented photon harvest and the contemporary Fermi-LAT timing measurements, a 4.7 sigma single-peak pulsation is detected, making PSR J0007+7303 the second example, after Geminga, of a radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsar also seen to pulsate in X-rays. Phase-resolved spectroscopy shows that the off-pulse portion of the light curve is dominated by a power-law, non-thermal spectrum, while the X-ray peak emission appears to be mainly of thermal origin, probably from a polar cap heated by magnetospheric return currents, pointing to a hot spot varying throughout the pulsar rotation. C1 [Caraveo, P. A.; De Luca, A.; Marelli, M.; Bignami, G. F.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [De Luca, A.; Bignami, G. F.] Ist Univ Super IUSS Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [De Luca, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Marelli, M.] Univ Insubria, I-21100 Varese, Italy. [Ray, P. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Kanbach, G.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Caraveo, PA (reprint author), INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, Via Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM pat@iasf-milano.inaf.it RI Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; OI Marelli, Martino/0000-0002-8017-0338; Bignami, Giovanni/0000-0001-9582-2450; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; De Luca, Andrea/0000-0001-6739-687X; Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 FU ESA; USA (NASA); [ASI-INAF I/088/06/0]; [NASA NIPR NNG10PL01I30] FX This work was supported by contracts ASI-INAF I/088/06/0 and NASA NIPR NNG10PL01I30.; Based on observations with XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA member states and the USA (NASA). NR 24 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 10 PY 2010 VL 725 IS 1 BP L6 EP L10 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/725/1/L6 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 684UE UT WOS:000284575400002 ER PT J AU Jallo, LJ Schoenitz, M Dreizin, EL Dave, RN Johnson, CE AF Jallo, Laila J. Schoenitz, Mirko Dreizin, Edward L. Dave, Rajesh N. Johnson, Curtis E. TI The effect of surface modification of aluminum powder on its flowability, combustion and reactivity SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dry coating; Silane treatment; Flowability; Reactivity; Combustion ID INVERSE GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; POLYMORPHIC PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; CARBON-BLACK; PARTICLES; ENERGY; IGNITION; FORCES AB Surface modification of aluminum powders for the purpose of flow improvement was performed and several samples were prepared. Correlations between the flowability and reactivity for these powders as well as for the initial untreated aluminum powder were established. The powders were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), particle size distribution, angle of repose flowability test, Constant Volume Explosion (CVE) combustion test, and Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). The surface modification of micron-sized aluminum powders was done by: (1) dry coating nano-particles of silica, titania and carbon black onto the surface of spherical aluminum powders and (2) chemically and physically altering the surface properties of the same powders with methyltrichlorosilane. All surface modifications improved flowability of the powders. CVE measurements indicate that powders with an improved flowability exhibit improved combustion characteristics if the powder treatment does not add an inert component to aluminum. The TGA results do not show significant differences in the reactivity of various powders. Based on combined flowability and CVE characteristics, the silane modified material gave the best results followed by the powders dry coated with carbon, titania and silica, respectively. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jallo, Laila J.; Schoenitz, Mirko; Dreizin, Edward L.; Dave, Rajesh N.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Otto York Dept Chem Biol & Pharmaceut Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Johnson, Curtis E.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA USA. RP Dave, RN (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Otto York Dept Chem Biol & Pharmaceut Engn, 138 Warren St, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. EM dave@adm.njit.edu RI Dreizin, Edward/O-6416-2014; OI Dave, Rajesh/0000-0001-7706-2259; Dreizin, Edward/0000-0003-0859-0984 FU U.S. Naval Undersea Warfare Center; National Science Foundation through the ERC [EEC-0540855]; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency FX This work has been supported by the U.S. Naval Undersea Warfare Center, the National Science Foundation through the ERC (EEC-0540855) awards, and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. Authors also thank Aveka, Inc., Woodbury, MN, for providing use of the MAIC device. We thank Roger Sullivan and Brian Zentner (Naval Air Warfare Center) for assistance with the silane treatment process, and Gregory Ostrom for conducting the ion chromatography analysis. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD DEC 10 PY 2010 VL 204 IS 1 BP 63 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2010.07.017 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 664XS UT WOS:000282997900008 ER PT J AU Palma, JL Atas, E Hardison, L Marder, TB Collings, JC Beeby, A Melinger, JS Krause, JL Kleiman, VD Roitberg, AE AF Palma, Julio L. Atas, Evrim Hardison, Lindsay Marder, Todd B. Collings, Jonathan C. Beeby, Andrew Melinger, Joseph S. Krause, Jeffrey L. Kleiman, Valeria D. Roitberg, Adrian E. TI Electronic Spectra of the Nanostar Dendrimer: Theory and Experiment SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID MM3 FORCE-FIELD; SIMILAR PHENYLACETYLENE DENDRIMERS; CORRELATED EXCIMER FORMATION; CARLO-QUANTUM MECHANICS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; MOLECULAR-MECHANICS; ANTENNA SUPERMOLECULES; DESIGNING DENDRIMERS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES AB We present a sequential molecular dynamics/quantum mechanics (MD/QM) study and steady-state spectroscopy measurements of the nanostar dendrimer (a phenylene-ethynylene dendrimer attached to a ethynylperylene chromophore) to determine the temperature dependence of the electronic absorption process. We studied the nanostar as separate units and performed MD simulations for each chromophore at 10 and 300 K to study the effects of the temperature on the structures. The absorption spectrum of the nanostar, at 10 and 300 K, was computed using an ensemble of 8000 structures for each chromophore. Quantum mechanical (QM) ZINDO/S calculations were performed for each conformation in the ensemble, including 16 excited states for a total of 128 000 excitation energies, and the intensity was scaled linearly with the number of conjugated units. Our calculations and experimental spectra measured for the individual chromophores and the nanostar are in good agreement. We found that for each system, the spectral features are narrow at 10 K because the transitions are localized in wavelength and the absorption energy depends primarily on the length of the chromophore, while at 300 K, the spectra features are quite broad and blue-shifted due to conformational changes on the systems. We explain in detail the effects of temperature and their consequence for the absorption process. C1 [Palma, Julio L.; Atas, Evrim; Hardison, Lindsay; Krause, Jeffrey L.; Kleiman, Valeria D.; Roitberg, Adrian E.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Palma, Julio L.; Krause, Jeffrey L.; Roitberg, Adrian E.] Univ Florida, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Marder, Todd B.; Collings, Jonathan C.; Beeby, Andrew] Univ Durham, Dept Chem, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Melinger, Joseph S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kleiman, VD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM kleiman@ufl.edu; roitberg@ufl.edu RI Roitberg, Adrian/A-2378-2009; Beeby, Andrew/G-2866-2012; Kleiman, Valeria/H-7818-2013; OI Kleiman, Valeria/0000-0002-9975-6558; Marder, Todd/0000-0002-9990-0169 FU DOE [DE-FG02-02ER45995]; NSF [CHE-0239120]; University of Florida; Large Allocations Resource Committee [TG-MCA05S010]; One North East via UIC FX This work was supported in part by DOE Grant DE-FG02-02ER45995 to J.L.K. and A.E.R., NSF Grant CHE-0239120 to V.D.K., and a University of Florida Alumni Fellowship to J.L.P. Computer resources were provided by the Large Allocations Resource Committee through Grant TG-MCA05S010 to A.E.R. and by the University of Florida High-Performance Computing Center. We wish to thank Prof. J. Moore (University of Illinois) for providing us with the nanostar sample. A.B. and T.B.M. thank One North East for support via the UIC Nanotechnology programme. J.L.P. gratefully acknowledges the help of Dr. Marcelo Videa and the Chemistry Department of ITESM Campus Monterrey. NR 71 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD DEC 9 PY 2010 VL 114 IS 48 BP 20702 EP 20712 DI 10.1021/jp1062918 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 686YS UT WOS:000284738900051 ER PT J AU Jansen, R Min, BC Dash, SP Sharma, S Kioseoglou, G Hanbicki, AT van't Erve, OMJ Thompson, PE Jonker, BT AF Jansen, R. Min, B. C. Dash, S. P. Sharma, S. Kioseoglou, G. Hanbicki, A. T. van't Erve, O. M. J. Thompson, P. E. Jonker, B. T. TI Electrical spin injection into moderately doped silicon enabled by tailored interfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL/TUNNEL BARRIER CONTACT; TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; SEMICONDUCTOR; POLARIZATION AB Whereas spin injection from a ferromagnet into heavily doped Si is facilitated by tunneling through a narrow depletion region, it is shown here that for moderately doped Si it is crucial to suppress the Schottky barrier. Reducing carrier depletion by exposing the Si surface to a Cs flux prior to Al2O3 tunnel barrier growth, we demonstrate spin injection by tunneling from Fe into Si (confirmed by circular polarized electroluminescence) and achieve electrical detection (via the Hanle effect) of spin accumulation induced at room temperature in Ni80Fe20/Al2O3/Si junctions with 1.5 x 1018 cm(-3) carrier density. Tailored interfaces thus enable spin injection into moderately doped Si. C1 [Jansen, R.; Min, B. C.; Dash, S. P.; Sharma, S.] Univ Twente, MESA Inst Nanotechnol, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Min, B. C.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Ctr Spintron Res, Seoul 136791, South Korea. [Kioseoglou, G.; Hanbicki, A. T.; van't Erve, O. M. J.; Thompson, P. E.; Jonker, B. T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kioseoglou, G.] Univ Crete, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. RP Jansen, R (reprint author), Univ Twente, MESA Inst Nanotechnol, POB 217, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. RI Dash, Saroj/G-5225-2010; OI Min, Byoung-Chul/0000-0001-8215-3286 FU NWO; NanoNed; Netherlands Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM); Office of Naval Research FX We are grateful to R. Keim for TEM work and M. P. de Jong for help with the deposition of Fe and tunnel oxide on spin-LED samples. We acknowledge financial support from NWO (VIDI program), NanoNed, and the Netherlands Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM). The work at NRL was supported by core programs and the Office of Naval Research. NR 31 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC 8 PY 2010 VL 82 IS 24 AR 241305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.241305 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 715PB UT WOS:000286895300002 ER PT J AU Stine, R Robinson, JT Sheehan, PE Tamanaha, CR AF Stine, Rory Robinson, Jeremy T. Sheehan, Paul E. Tamanaha, Cy R. TI Real-Time DNA Detection Using Reduced Graphene Oxide Field Effect Transistors SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID LABEL-FREE DETECTION; RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; NANOWIRE NANOSENSORS; ELECTRICAL DETECTION; SILICON NANOWIRES; SENSORS; CARBON; HYBRIDIZATION; GRAPHITE; ARRAYS AB DNA sensing: Single strands of DNA are covalently attached to nanometer-thick layers of reduced graphene oxide, forming an FET device capable of sensitive, label-free detection of complementary DNA hybridization. C1 [Stine, Rory; Robinson, Jeremy T.; Sheehan, Paul E.; Tamanaha, Cy R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Tamanaha, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM cy.tamanaha@nrl.navy.mil RI Robinson, Jeremy/F-2748-2010; Yang, Zengchao/H-3884-2011; Stine, Rory/C-6709-2013; Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010 OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124 FU ONR; NRL's Nanoscience Institute; Defense Threat Reduction Agency Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense [BRC07-N-2-0049] FX R.S. is an employee of Nova Research, Inc., 1900 Elkin St., Alexandria, VA. We would like to acknowledge ONR, NRL's Nanoscience Institute, and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (Grant No. BRC07-N-2-0049) for funding. NR 34 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 7 U2 110 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD DEC 7 PY 2010 VL 22 IS 46 BP 5297 EP 5300 DI 10.1002/adma.201002121 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 695TZ UT WOS:000285396800014 PM 20872408 ER PT J AU Barry, MA Boudreau, BP Johnson, BD Reed, AH AF Barry, M. A. Boudreau, B. P. Johnson, B. D. Reed, A. H. TI First-order description of the mechanical fracture behavior of fine-grained surficial marine sediments during gas bubble growth SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE LA English DT Article ID ECKERNFORDE BAY; MUDDY SEDIMENTS; METHANE; POCKMARKS; GELATIN; ASCENT; CRACK; SOIL AB Bubbles in sediments, imaged via Computed Tomography (CT) scanning, and in surrogate transparent material (gelatin), are well-described geometrically as eccentric oblate spheroids. While sediments are undoubtedly visco-elasto-plastic solids, only part of that complex behavior appears to influence significantly the formation and shape of gas bubbles. Specifically, the shape of these bubbles can be explained if the mechanical response of fine-grained sediment is approximated by Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM). To determine the adequacy of the LEFM approximation for gas bubble growth in fine-grained sediments, a number of gas bubbles were injected and grown in natural sediments, while monitoring the size and shape using an industrial CT scanner. A comparison of measured inverse aspect ratios (IARs) of the injected bubbles with calculated IARs from pressure records provides support for the LEFM theory. Deviations from LEFM are observable in the data, but as bubbles grow larger they trend more closely toward the theory. The use of LEFM has been shown to describe gas bubble growth in shallow coastal sediments to first order. C1 [Barry, M. A.; Boudreau, B. P.; Johnson, B. D.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada. [Reed, A. H.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Barry, MA (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, 1355 Oxford St, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada. EM barrym@dal.ca FU US Office of Naval Research [N00014-05-1-175, N00014-08-1-0818]; NSERC; NRL [0601153N] FX We gratefully acknowledge support for this work by the US Office of Naval Research under Grants N00014-05-1-175 and N00014-08-1-0818 and a NSERC Discovery Grant to BPB. The CT-scanning work was also supported by NRL Base Funding, PE#0601153N. We thank the anonymous reviewers for their critical, but enlightening comments. NR 33 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf. PD DEC 7 PY 2010 VL 115 AR F04029 DI 10.1029/2010JF001833 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 693XL UT WOS:000285258600001 ER PT J AU Bermudez, VM AF Bermudez, V. M. TI Effect of Humidity on the Interaction of Dimethyl Methylphosphonate (DMMP) Vapor with SiO2 and Al2O3 Surfaces, Studied Using Infrared Attenuated Total Reflection Spectroscopy SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID ASSEMBLED ALKANETHIOLATE MONOLAYERS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; ALUMINUM-OXIDE SURFACES; H/D ISOTOPIC DILUTION; THIN-FILM WATER; ALPHA-AL2O3 0001; SILICA SURFACES; METAL-OXIDES; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; ROOM-TEMPERATURE AB Infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy has been used to study the interaction of DMMP vapor with SiO2, Al2O3, and AlO(OH) vs relative humidity (RH) and DMMP partial pressure (P/P-0). For SiO2 the growth with increasing RH once-like and liquid-like layers is seen in agreement with previous work. H <-> D exchange during exposure to H2O and D2O indicates that the ice-like layer is more resistant to exchange, consistent with stronger H-bonding than in the liquid-like layer. Exposure of nominally dry SiO2 to D2O indicates the existence of adsorbed H2O that does not exhibit an spectrum. The ice-like layer appears only at a finite RH. Exposure of SiO2 to DMMP in the absence of intentionally added H2O shows the formation of a strongly bound molecular species followed by a liquid-like layer. The strong interaction involves SiO-H center dot center dot center dot O=P bonds to surface silanols and/or HO-H center dot center dot center dot O=P bonds to preadsorbed molecular H2O. At a finite RH the ice-like layer forms on SiO2 even in the presence of DMMP up to P/P-0 = 0.30. DMMP does no: appear to penetrate the ice-like layer under these conditions, and the tendency to form a such a layer drives the displacement of DM MP. Amorphous Al2O3 and AlO(OH) do not exhibit an ice-like H2O layer. Both have a higher surface OH content than does SiO2, which leads to higher coverages of H2O or DM MP at equivalent RH or P/P-0. At low P/P-0, for which adsorption is dominated by Al-OH center dot center dot center dot O=P bonding, a-Al2O3 interacts with DM MP more strongly than does AlO(OH) as a result of the higher acidity of OH sites on the former. Up to RH = 0.30 and P/P-0 = 0.30, DMMP appears to remain bonded to the surface rather than being displaced by H2O. H2O appears to have little or no effect on the total amount of DMMP adsorbed on any of these surfaces, up to an RH of 0.30 and a P/P-0 of 0.30. The results have implications for the transport of DMMP and related molecules on oxide surfaces in the environment. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bermudez, VM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM victor.bermudez@nrl.navy.mil FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [TAS-CBS.FATE.03.10.NRL.001] FX This work was funded and supported by contract TAS-CBS.FATE.03.10.NRL.001 from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). D. E. Tevault is thanked for several helpful communications. A. Snow is thanked for help with the contact angle measurements, D.Y. Petrovykh for help with the XPS measurements and E. E. Foos and K. D. Hobart for providing the UV/O3 facilities. F. K. Perkins is thanked for growing the thermal SiO2 film. NR 89 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD DEC 7 PY 2010 VL 26 IS 23 BP 18144 EP 18154 DI 10.1021/la103381r PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 686XM UT WOS:000284732300055 PM 21069963 ER PT J AU Lee, ZP Ahn, YH Mobley, C Arnone, R AF Lee, ZhongPing Ahn, Yu-Hwan Mobley, Curtis Arnone, Robert TI Removal of surface-reflected light for the measurement of remote-sensing reflectance from an above-surface platform SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID OCEAN COLOR; IN-WATER; OPTIMIZATION; VALIDATION; SYSTEM; MODEL AB Using hyperspectral measurements made in the field, we show that the effective sea-surface reflectance rho (defined as the ratio of the surface-reflected radiance at the specular direction corresponding to the downwelling sky radiance from one direction) varies not only for different measurement scans, but also can differ by a factor of 8 between 400 nm and 800 nm for the same scan. This means that the derived water-leaving radiance (or remote-sensing reflectance) can be highly inaccurate if a spectrally constant rho value is applied (although errors can be reduced by carefully filtering measured raw data). To remove surface-reflected light in field measurements of remote sensing reflectance, a spectral optimization approach was applied, with results compared with those from remote-sensing models and from direct measurements. The agreement from different determinations suggests that reasonable results for remote sensing reflectance of clear blue water to turbid brown water are obtainable from above-surface measurements, even under conditions of high waves. (C)2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Lee, ZhongPing] Mississippi State Univ, Geosyst Res Inst, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Ahn, Yu-Hwan] Korea Ocean Res & Dev Inst Ansan, Ansan 425600, South Korea. [Mobley, Curtis] Sequoia Sci Inc, Bellevue, WA 98005 USA. [Arnone, Robert] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Lee, ZP (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Geosyst Res Inst, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM zplee@ngi.msstate.edu FU Naval Research Laboratory; Northern Gulf Institute; NASA; U. S. Office of Naval Research FX We are grateful for the financial support provided by the Naval Research Laboratory (Z.-P. Lee and R. Arnone), the Northern Gulf Institute (Z.-P. Lee), the Water Cycle and Energy and Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Programs of NASA (Z.-P. Lee), and the Environmental Optics Program of the U. S. Office of Naval Research (C. D. Mobley). The comments and suggestions from the two anonymous reviewers are greatly appreciated. NR 27 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 3 U2 14 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD DEC 6 PY 2010 VL 18 IS 25 BP 26313 EP 26324 DI 10.1364/OE.18.026313 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 700NE UT WOS:000285749500089 PM 21164981 ER PT J AU Harlander, JM Englert, CR Babcock, DD Roesler, FL AF Harlander, John M. Englert, Christoph R. Babcock, David D. Roesler, Frederick L. TI Design and laboratory tests of a Doppler Asymmetric Spatial Heterodyne (DASH) interferometer for upper atmospheric wind and temperature observations SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID RESEARCH SATELLITE; SPECTROSCOPY AB We describe the design, fabrication and laboratory tests of a Doppler Asymmetric Spatial Heterodyne (DASH) interferometer for upper atmospheric wind and temperature observations of the O[(1)D] 630 nm emission. The monolithic interferometer has no moving parts, a large etendue, relaxed fabrication and alignment tolerances and can measure multiple emission lines simultaneously. Laboratory measurements indicate that the design resolution and etendue were achieved and that thermal drifts can be determined with sufficient precision for geophysical applications. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Harlander, John M.] St Cloud State Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Engn Sci, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. [Englert, Christoph R.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Babcock, David D.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Roesler, Frederick L.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Phys, Madison, WI USA. RP Harlander, JM (reprint author), St Cloud State Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Engn Sci, 720 4th Ave S, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. EM jmharlander@stcloudstate.edu OI Englert, Christoph/0000-0002-2145-6168 FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The authors would like to thank Ian Miller and Vaz Zastera of LightMachinery, Ronen Feldman, Andrew N. Straatveit, John F. Moser, W. Layne Marlin, Patrick B. Bell, and Brody Fuchs for their contributions to this work. NR 10 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 13 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD DEC 6 PY 2010 VL 18 IS 25 BP 26430 EP 26440 DI 10.1364/OE.18.026430 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 700NE UT WOS:000285749500101 PM 21164993 ER PT J AU Sanghera, J Florea, C Busse, L Shaw, B Miklos, F Aggarwal, I AF Sanghera, Jasbinder Florea, Catalin Busse, Lynda Shaw, Brandon Miklos, Fritz Aggarwal, Ishwar TI Reduced Fresnel losses in chalcogenide fibers by using anti-reflective surface structures on fiber end faces SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID FABRICATION; GRATINGS; OPTICS AB We demonstrate microstructuring of chalcogenide fiber end faces in order to obtain enhanced transmission due to the antireflective properties of the microstructured surfaces. A variety of molding approaches have been investigated for As(2)S(3) and As(2)Se(3) fibers. Transmission as high as 97% per facet was obtained in the case of As(2)S(3) fiber, compared to the native, Fresnel-loss limited, transmission of 83%. The potential for hydrophobic character was also demonstrated by increasing the contact angle of water droplets to greater than 120 degrees. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Sanghera, Jasbinder; Busse, Lynda; Shaw, Brandon; Aggarwal, Ishwar] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Florea, Catalin; Miklos, Fritz] GTEC Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Sanghera, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM sanghera@nrl.navy.mil FU Joint Aircraft Survivability Program Office; Test Resource Management Center FX We thank TelAztec, Inc. for suggesting the design and providing the shim. Funding for this work was provided by the Joint Aircraft Survivability Program Office and the Test Resource Management Center through the Science and Technology/Test and Evaluation Program. NR 17 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 23 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD DEC 6 PY 2010 VL 18 IS 25 BP 26760 EP 26768 DI 10.1364/OE.18.026760 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 700NE UT WOS:000285749500134 PM 21165026 ER PT J AU Tischler, JG Kennedy, TA Glaser, ER Efros, AL Foos, EE Boercker, JE Zega, TJ Stroud, RM Erwin, SC AF Tischler, J. G. Kennedy, T. A. Glaser, E. R. Efros, Al L. Foos, E. E. Boercker, J. E. Zega, T. J. Stroud, R. M. Erwin, S. C. TI Band-edge excitons in PbSe nanocrystals and nanorods SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CDSE QUANTUM DOTS; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; FINE-STRUCTURE; LEAD SELENIDE; OPTICAL GAIN; EMISSION; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; GENERATION; BRIGHT AB We investigate the fine structure of band-edge excitons in PbSe nanocrystals and nanorods using circularly polarized magnetophotoluminescence and optically detected magnetic resonance and, based on the results, propose a singlet-triplet model of exciton photoluminescence from nondegenerate conduction and valence bands. From the data and model we extract g-factors for electrons and holes of +1.2 and +0.8, respectively. The splitting of the triplet ground state, which is responsible for the low-temperature photoluminescence, is 88 mu eV for nanorods, and less than 20 mu eV for nanocrystals. The intervalley splitting of the electron and hole levels in the nanocrystals is much larger than the electron-hole exchange interaction. C1 [Tischler, J. G.; Kennedy, T. A.; Glaser, E. R.; Efros, Al L.; Foos, E. E.; Boercker, J. E.; Zega, T. J.; Stroud, R. M.; Erwin, S. C.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Tischler, JG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008 OI Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015 FU National Research Council; Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX J.E.B acknowledges the National Research Council post-doctoral program, while the Office of Naval Research (ONR) is gratefully acknowledged for financial support of this work. NR 37 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 36 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC 6 PY 2010 VL 82 IS 24 AR 245303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.245303 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 715OT UT WOS:000286894500004 ER PT J AU Liu, HL Foster, BT Hagan, ME McInerney, JM Maute, A Qian, L Richmond, AD Roble, RG Solomon, SC Garcia, RR Kinnison, D Marsh, DR Smith, AK Richter, J Sassi, F Oberheide, J AF Liu, H. -L. Foster, B. T. Hagan, M. E. McInerney, J. M. Maute, A. Qian, L. Richmond, A. D. Roble, R. G. Solomon, S. C. Garcia, R. R. Kinnison, D. Marsh, D. R. Smith, A. K. Richter, J. Sassi, F. Oberheide, J. TI Thermosphere extension of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; STRATOSPHERIC WARMING EVENT; NONMIGRATING DIURNAL TIDES; CHEMICAL-TRANSPORT MODEL; MIGRATING SOLAR TIDES; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; PLANETARY-WAVES; GRAVITY-WAVE; SEASONAL-VARIATION; TIDAL VARIABILITY AB In atmospheric and space environment studies it is key to understand and to quantify the coupling of atmospheric regions and the solar impacts on the whole atmosphere system. There is thus a need for a numerical model that encompasses the whole atmosphere and can self-consistently simulate the dynamic, physical, chemical, radiative, and electrodynamic processes that are important for the Sun-Earth system. This is the goal for developing the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM). In this work, we report the development and preliminary validation of the thermospheric extension of WACCM (WACCM-X), which extends from the Earth's surface to the upper thermosphere. The WACCM-X uses the finite volume dynamical core from the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model and includes an interactive chemistry module resolving most known neutral chemistry and major ion chemistry in the middle and upper atmosphere, and photolysis and photoionization. Upper atmosphere processes, such as nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium, radiative transfer, auroral processes, ion drag, and molecular diffusion of major and minor species, have been included in the model. We evaluate the model performance by examining the quantities essential for the climate and weather of the upper atmosphere: the mean compositional, thermal, and wind structures from the troposphere to the upper thermosphere and their variability on interannual, seasonal, and daily scales. These quantities are compared with observational and previous model results. C1 [Liu, H. -L.; Foster, B. T.; Hagan, M. E.; McInerney, J. M.; Maute, A.; Qian, L.; Richmond, A. D.; Roble, R. G.; Solomon, S. C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Garcia, R. R.; Kinnison, D.; Marsh, D. R.; Smith, A. K.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Oberheide, J.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. [Sassi, F.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Liu, HL (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM liuh@ucar.edu RI Liu, Han-Li/A-9549-2008; Oberheide, Jens/C-6156-2011; Solomon, Stanley/J-4847-2012; Qian, Liying/D-9236-2013; Marsh, Daniel/A-8406-2008; Hagan, Maura/C-7200-2008; OI Liu, Han-Li/0000-0002-6370-0704; Oberheide, Jens/0000-0001-6721-2540; Solomon, Stanley/0000-0002-5291-3034; Qian, Liying/0000-0003-2430-1388; Sassi, Fabrizio/0000-0002-9492-7434; Marsh, Daniel/0000-0001-6699-494X; Hagan, Maura/0000-0002-8866-7429; Richmond, Arthur/0000-0002-6708-1023 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-07-C-0209]; National Science Foundation [ATM-0535466, ATM-0836386]; NASA [NNX09AJ83G]; DFG [OB 299/2-3] FX This work is in part supported by the Office of Naval Research (N00014-07-C-0209), National Science Foundation CEDAR grants ATM-0535466 and ATM-0836386, and NASA LWS Strategic Capability grant NNX09AJ83G. J.O. was supported by the DFG through its CAWSES program, grant OB 299/2-3. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. NR 122 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD DEC 4 PY 2010 VL 115 AR A12302 DI 10.1029/2010JA015586 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 690QT UT WOS:000285020000008 ER PT J AU Arrowsmith, SJ Johnson, JB Drob, DP Hedlin, MAH AF Arrowsmith, Stephen J. Johnson, Jeffrey B. Drob, Douglas P. Hedlin, Michael A. H. TI THE SEISMOACOUSTIC WAVEFIELD: A NEW PARADIGM IN STUDYING GEOPHYSICAL PHENOMENA SO REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Review ID MOUNT-ST-HELENS; ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH SATELLITE; COUPLED AIR WAVES; ART. NO. 1003; ALASKAN EARTHQUAKE; STROMBOLI-VOLCANO; INFRASONIC OBSERVATIONS; ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENTS; INFORMATION-CONTENT; LOWER THERMOSPHERE AB The field of seismoacoustics is emerging as an important discipline in its own right, owing to the value of colocated seismic and infrasound arrays that sample elastic energy propagating in both the solid Earth and the atmosphere. The fusion of seismic and infrasonic data provides unique constraints for studying a broad range of topics including the source physics of natural and man-made events, interaction of mechanical waves in Earth's crust and atmosphere, source location and characterization, and inversion of atmospheric and shallow subsurface properties. This review article traces the seismoacoustic wavefield from source to receiver. Beginning at the source, we review the latest insights into the physics of natural and anthropogenic sources that have arisen from the analysis of seismoacoustic data. Next, a comparative review of 3-D models of the atmosphere and solid Earth and the latest algorithms for modeling the propagation of mechanical waves through these media provides the framework for a discussion of the seismoacoustic path. The optimal measurement of seismic and acoustic waves, including a discussion of instrumentation, as well as of array configurations and regional networks, is then outlined. Finally, we focus on broad research applications where the analysis of seismoacoustic data is starting to yield important new results, such as in the field of nuclear explosion monitoring. This review is intended to provide a primer on the field of seismoacoustics for seismologists or acousticians, while also providing a more general review of what constraints seismoacoustics can uniquely provide for understanding geophysical phenomena. C1 [Arrowsmith, Stephen J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Drob, Douglas P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hedlin, Michael A. H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Lab Atmospher Acoust, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Johnson, Jeffrey B.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP Arrowsmith, SJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM arrows@lanl.gov RI Drob, Douglas/G-4061-2014 OI Drob, Douglas/0000-0002-2045-7740 NR 167 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 8755-1209 EI 1944-9208 J9 REV GEOPHYS JI Rev. Geophys. PD DEC 4 PY 2010 VL 48 AR RG4003 DI 10.1029/2010RG000335 PG 23 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 690PY UT WOS:000285017900001 ER PT J AU Griva, I Schnur, JM Lebedev, N AF Griva, Igor Schnur, Joel M. Lebedev, Nikolai TI The Role of Electrode Curvature in Controlling Electron Transfer between the Photosynthetic Reaction Center Protein and Gold Nanoelectrodes SO CHEMPHYSCHEM LA English DT Article DE bioinorganic interfaces; electron transfer; nanostructures; photosynthesis; proteins ID RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES R-26; CYTOCHROME C(2) C1 [Lebedev, Nikolai] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Griva, Igor] George Mason Univ, Dept Math & Computat, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Griva, Igor] George Mason Univ, Dept Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Schnur, Joel M.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Lebedev, N (reprint author), USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM nikolai.lebedev@nrl.navy.mil FU DARPA; AFOSR; ONR through NRL FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of this work by DARPA, AFOSR, and ONR through NRL base programs. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1439-4235 J9 CHEMPHYSCHEM JI ChemPhysChem PD DEC 3 PY 2010 VL 11 IS 17 BP 3589 EP 3591 DI 10.1002/cphc.201000643 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 693WU UT WOS:000285256900004 PM 20973026 ER PT J AU Nguyen, VC Chen, L Klaus, H AF Viet Cuong Nguyen Chen, Lang Klaus, Halterman TI Total Transmission and Total Reflection by Zero Index Metamaterials with Defects SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID REFRACTION; SCATTERING; NIHILITY; LIGHT AB We theoretically investigate microwave transmission through a zero-index metamaterial loaded with dielectric defects. The metamaterial is impedance matched to free space, with the permittivity and permeability tending towards zero over a given frequency range. By simply varying the radii and permittivities of the defects, total transmission or reflection of the impinging electromagnetic wave can be achieved. The proposed defect structure can offer advances in shielding or cloaking technologies without restricting the object's viewpoint. Active control of the observed exotic transmission and reflection signatures can occur by incorporating tunable refractive index materials such as liquid crystals and BaSrTiO(3). C1 [Viet Cuong Nguyen; Chen, Lang] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Klaus, Halterman] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Phys, Res & Intelligence Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Nguyen, VC (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore. EM langchen@ntu.edu.sg RI CHEN, LANG/A-2251-2011; Halterman, Klaus/G-3826-2012; OI Nguyen, Viet Cuong/0000-0003-1145-5652; Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134 FU NTU; ONR; HPC as part of the DOD HPCMP FX L. C. acknowledges support from NTU. K. H. is supported in part by ONR and by a grant of HPC resources as part of the DOD HPCMP and would like to thank J. Martin for useful discussions. NR 26 TC 122 Z9 123 U1 15 U2 86 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD DEC 3 PY 2010 VL 105 IS 23 AR 233908 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.233908 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 713KL UT WOS:000286736800010 PM 21231467 ER PT J AU Oppenheim, KC Korter, TM Melinger, JS Grischkowsky, D AF Oppenheim, Keith C. Korter, Timothy M. Melinger, Joseph S. Grischkowsky, Daniel TI Solid-State Density Functional Theory Investigation of the Terahertz Spectra of the Structural Isomers 1,2-Dicyanobenzene and 1,3-Dicyanobenzene SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY; ABSORPTION; CRYSTAL AB The high-resolution waveguide terahertz (THz) time-domain spectra (20-100 cm(-1)) of the two structural isomers 1 2-dicyanobenzene (1 2-DCB) and 1 3-dicyanobenzene (1 3 DCB) have been modeled and assigned using solid-state density functional theory The THz spectra of these similar molecules are distinctly different in the low-frequency region with the differences being driven by modifications of the crystal packing arrangement between the isomers Simulations utilizing the hybrid density functionals B3LYP and PBE0 were performed to determine the origins of the observed vibrational features External lattice vibrations (hindered translations and rotations) are found to dominate these spectra reinforcing the need for proper solid-state models in the analysis of the THz spectra of organic molecular solids These calculations wet e able to account for all of the observed spectral features exhibited by both Isomers even in the case of 1 2-DCB where the spectrum was found to be the result of two coexisting crystalline polymorphs C1 [Oppenheim, Keith C.; Korter, Timothy M.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Chem, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Melinger, Joseph S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Grischkowsky, Daniel] Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Korter, TM (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Chem, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. FU Syracuse University; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [09 2438M]; National Science Foundation [CHE 084705] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from Syracuse University the National Science Foundation CAREER Program (CHE 084705) and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (09 2438M) NR 21 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD DEC 2 PY 2010 VL 114 IS 47 BP 12513 EP 12521 DI 10.1021/jp107597q PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 683EP UT WOS:000284454800019 PM 21049898 ER PT J AU Meyerson, MD Kidwell, ME AF Meyerson, M. D. Kidwell, M. E. TI A Euclidean Path SO AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL MONTHLY LA English DT Letter C1 [Meyerson, M. D.; Kidwell, M. E.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Meyerson, MD (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATHEMATICAL ASSOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1529 18TH STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-9890 EI 1930-0972 J9 AM MATH MON JI Am. Math. Mon. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 117 IS 10 BP 929 EP 931 PG 3 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 748HX UT WOS:000289382800010 ER PT J AU Gowing, S Mori, T Neely, S AF Gowing, S. Mori, T. Neely, S. TI Research on Two Phase Waterjet Nozzles SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID MASS AB Air-augmented waterjets derive their propulsion from compressed gas mixed directly into the main flow. The gas bubbles expand as the mixture passes through the pressure gradient of the convergent nozzle, and energy is imparted to the water from the air in a complex fashion. This experiment measures the exchange of air and water energy for three nozzles over a range of flowrares and void fractions using compressed air injected and mixed upstream of the nozzle entrance. Pressures and nozzle thrust are measured to examine flow changes. The results are compared with predictions from a one-dimensional bubbly flow model. The measured efficiencies are lower than or comparable to predicted values. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4002999] C1 [Gowing, S.; Neely, S.] USN, Carderock Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Mori, T.] Minist Def, Tech Res & Dev Inst, Tokyo 1628801, Japan. RP Gowing, S (reprint author), USN, Carderock Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM scott.gowing@navy.mil; tymori@castle.ocn.ne.jp; stephen.neely@navy.mil FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was funded by the U.S. Office of Naval Research under the technical guidance of Dr. Ki-Han Kim. The participation of Dr. Takayuki Mori was made possible through the Engineer and Scientist Exchange Program of the U.S. Department of the Navy International Programs Office (NIPO). Robert J. Etter, NSWCCD, served as the Host Establishment ESEP Contact Officer, 2006-2007. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 12 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD DEC PY 2010 VL 132 IS 12 AR 121302 DI 10.1115/1.4002999 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 716WC UT WOS:000287003200010 ER PT J AU Maximenko, SI Messenger, SR Cress, CD Freitas, JA Walters, RJ AF Maximenko, S. I. Messenger, S. R. Cress, C. D. Freitas, J. A., Jr. Walters, Robert J. TI Application of CL/EBIC-SEM Techniques for Characterization of Radiation Effects in Multijunction Solar Cells SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NUCLEAR AND SPACE RADIATION EFFECTS CONFERENCE (NSREC) CY JUL 19-23, 2010 CL Denver, CO DE Cathodoluminescence (CL); electron beam induced current (EBIC); irradiation damage; multijunction (MJ) solar cells; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) ID NONIONIZING ENERGY-LOSS; DEVICE APPLICATIONS; IRRADIATION; SEMICONDUCTORS; PROTONS; SPACE; DEGRADATION; DEFECTS AB We report the results of the characterization of irradiated InGaP2/GaAs/Ge multijunction (MJ) solar cells using the cathodoluminescence (CL) imaging/spectroscopy and electron beam induced current (EBIC) modes of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These techniques were applied to verify the influence of irradiation damage on the optoelectronic properties of each subcell in the monolithic MJ structure and correlate them with the illuminated (AM0, 1 sun, 25 degrees C) current-voltage (I-V) and quantum efficiency (QE) measurements. Minority carrier lifetime degradation data from CL measurements confirm that the GaAs subcell dominates the overall degradation of the 3J device. Also, a carrier removal mechanism in the GaAs subcell was revealed from the EBIC/CL measurements. C1 [Maximenko, S. I.] Global Def Technol & Syst Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. [Messenger, S. R.; Cress, C. D.; Freitas, J. A., Jr.; Walters, Robert J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Maximenko, SI (reprint author), Global Def Technol & Syst Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. EM scream@nrl.navy.mil RI Cress, Cory/A-8673-2009; OI Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 22 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 57 IS 6 BP 3095 EP 3100 DI 10.1109/TNS.2010.2083691 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 695FE UT WOS:000285355200013 ER PT J AU Khine, YY Creamer, DB Finette, S AF Khine, Yu Yu Creamer, Dennis B. Finette, Steven TI ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION IN AN UNCERTAIN WAVEGUIDE ENVIRONMENT USING STOCHASTIC BASIS EXPANSIONS SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL ACOUSTICS LA English DT Article DE Random media; uncertainty; acoustic propagation; polynomial chaos ID GENERALIZED POLYNOMIAL CHAOS; LARGE RANDOMNESS; EQUATIONS; MODELS AB A generalization of acoustic propagation in an uncertain ocean waveguide environment is described using a probabilistic formulation in terms of stochastic basis expansions. The problem is studied in the context of wave propagation in random media, where environmental uncertainty and its interaction with the acoustic field are described by stochastic, rather than deterministic parameters and fields. This representation, constructed explicitly in terms of Karhunen-Loeve (KL) and polynomial chaos (PC) expansions, leads to coupled differential equations for the expansion coefficients from which the stochastic acoustic field can be obtained as a random process. The equations are solved in the narrow-angle parabolic approximation using a split-step method to compute moments of the random acoustic field at any point in the waveguide. Results are compared with Monte-Carlo computations of the acoustic field in the same environment to study the convergence of the truncated stochastic basis expansion representing the acoustic field. The rate of convergence of the truncated chaos expansion was found to be dependent on the particular moment computed. For the first and second moments corresponding to the mean field and the field intensity, convergence was achieved rapidly, only requiring low order expansions. Another second moment, the acoustic spatial coherence, converged more slowly due to the relative phase information that, in this formulation, is described by polynomial approximation. While stochastic basis expansions show promise for the development of compact representations of the acoustic field in the presence of environmental uncertainty, accelerated convergence schemes will be needed to allow for practical applications. C1 [Khine, Yu Yu; Creamer, Dennis B.; Finette, Steven] USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Finette, S (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM yuyu.khine.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; db_creamer@yahoo.com; steven.finette@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by funding from the Office of Naval Research. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-396X J9 J COMPUT ACOUST JI J. Comput. Acoust. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 18 IS 4 BP 397 EP 441 DI 10.1142/S0218396X10004255 PG 45 WC Acoustics; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Acoustics; Mathematics GA 700ZH UT WOS:000285783600005 ER PT J AU Namazi, NM Scharpf, WJ Obermark, J Caron, JN AF Namazi, Nader M. Scharpf, William J. Obermark, Jerome Caron, James N. TI Global registration and moving objects detection in noisy airborne image sequences SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE image motion estimation and global registration; EM algorithm; least-squares estimation; affine motion; maximum likelihood detection ID MOTION ESTIMATION AB This paper presents a method for registration of noisy airborne images for the purpose of the detection of moving objects. A new iterative algorithm is developed and presented for the correction of geometrical distortion caused by global motion in a scene. A binary hypotheses test is subsequently established using a likelihood ratio test (LRT) to classify the pixels in the corrected image as either locally moving (object motion) or not moving (stationary). The paper also incorporates the use of the Expectation-Maximization method for estimation of statistical image features needed by the LRT. We use and present experiments with real image sequences to validate the analytical developments. (C) 2010 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3520057] C1 [Namazi, Nader M.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Scharpf, William J.] USN, Res Lab, NCST, Electroopt Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Obermark, Jerome] DCS Corp, Alexandria, VA USA. [Caron, James N.] Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD USA. RP Namazi, NM (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA. EM namazi@cua.edu FU U. S. Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to thank the U. S. Naval Research Laboratory and the Office of Naval Research for support and use of facilities for this work. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 49 IS 12 AR 127005 DI 10.1117/1.3520057 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 700NF UT WOS:000285749600031 ER PT J AU Rostkier-Edelstein, D Hacker, JP AF Rostkier-Edelstein, Dorita Hacker, Joshua P. TI The Roles of Surface-Observation Ensemble Assimilation and Model Complexity for Nowcasting of PBL Profiles: A Factor Separation Analysis SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; KALMAN FILTER; MESOSCALE MODEL; CONVECTION; PARAMETERIZATION; IMPLEMENTATION; SENSITIVITY; SIMULATION AB Recent results showed the ability of surface-observation assimilation with a single-column model (SCM) and an ensemble filter (EF) to skillfully estimate the vertical structure of the PBL when only climatological information is provided for initialization and forcing. The present study quantifies the relative benefits of model complexity, compared to surface-observation assimilation, for making 30-min SCM ensemble predictions (nowcasts). The SCM is initialized and forced by timely mesoscale forecasts, making it capable of providing flow-dependent probabilistic very short-range forecasts of PBL profiles wherever surface observations are available. Factor separation (FS) analysis measures the relative contributions to skill from EF surface assimilation compared to selected SCM components: parameterized radiation and objectively scaled horizontal advection. Here, the SCM-EF system is presented and its deterministic skill (as represented by ensemble-mean error) is analyzed with FS. Results show that surface assimilation can more meaningfully contribute to the skill levels of temperature, wind, and mixing-ratio nowcasts than model enhancements under a wide range of flow scenarios. However, in the convective PBL regime surface assimilation can enhance the moist bias often observed in parameterized PBL mixing ratio profiles due to poor covariances estimated from the ensemble. Then, the SCM-EF proves useful in revealing a model deficiency. Externally imposed horizontal advection is required to provide skillful ensemble-mean forecasts when not assimilating surface observations, but can offset the benefit realized from assimilation by quickly sweeping the updated state out of the domain. The radiation scheme has a minor effect on forecast performance. It improves the nowcast surface temperature at night, and can act synergistically with assimilation to improve low-level jet predictions, but the effect above the surface steeply decreases with height. The results suggest that an SCM-EF may be helpful in wind-power and pollutant dispersion applications. C1 [Rostkier-Edelstein, Dorita] Israel Inst Biol Res, IL-74100 Ness Ziona, Israel. [Hacker, Joshua P.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Rostkier-Edelstein, D (reprint author), Israel Inst Biol Res, POB 19, IL-74100 Ness Ziona, Israel. EM doritar@iibr.gov.il FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Environmental Sciences Division FX The authors are grateful to the developers of the NCAR Data Assimilation Research Testbed (DART) for providing a useful platform for experimentation. We acknowledge M. Pocernich and E. Gilleland for guidance on the R packages ("verification" and "bootstrap"; information online at http://www.r-project.org), which were used for our calculations. We acknowledge T. Hopson and Z. Klausner for insightful discussions on the bootstrap technique. Two anonymous reviews improved the accuracy of the discussion. D. Rostkier-Edelstein acknowledges the NCAR Research Applications Laboratory visitors program. Data were obtained from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Environmental Sciences Division. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 25 IS 6 BP 1670 EP 1690 DI 10.1175/2010WAF2222435.1 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 702AS UT WOS:000285867000005 ER PT J AU Olson, SE Christlieb, AJ Fatemi, FK AF Olson, Spencer E. Christlieb, Andrew J. Fatemi, Fredrik K. TI PID feedback for load-balanced parallel gridless DSMC SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Load balancing; Parallel; DSMC; Gridless ID SIMULATION MONTE-CARLO; FLOW; IMPLEMENTATION; COMPUTATIONS; TRANSITION; DYNAMICS; REGIME; PLATE AB Parallel code presents a non-trivial problem of load balancing computational workload throughout a system of hardware and software resources. The task of load balancing is further complicated when the number of allowable processors changes through time. This paper presents a two-component load-balancing mechanism using optimal initial workload distribution and dynamic load maintenance. The initial guess is provided by inversion of the workload distribution function. Workload distribution inversion enables efficient domain decomposition for arbitrary workloads and easily compensates for changes in system resources. Dynamic load balancing is provided by process feedback control as used, for example, in control mechanisms of physical processes. Proportional, integral, and differential (PID) feedback readily allows controls to compensate for runtime-changes of the workload distribution function. This paper demonstrates a one-dimensional realization of the ideas presented here. We apply this load-balancing technique to our gridless direct simulation Monte Carlo algorithm. We demonstrate that the method does indeed maintain uniform workload distribution across available resources as the workload and usable system resources undergo change through time. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Olson, Spencer E.] USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Christlieb, Andrew J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Math, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Fatemi, Fredrik K.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Olson, SE (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM olsonse@umich.edu FU Army Research Office; Office of Naval Research [42791-PH]; National Research Council FX This work was partially supported by the Army Research Office and the Office of Naval Research (Project number 42791-PH). S.E.O. was partially supported for this work by a National Research Council research associateship. Computational resources for this work were provided by the Naval Research Laboratory as a part of the Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 181 IS 12 BP 2063 EP 2071 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2010.06.045 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 679TX UT WOS:000284184800016 ER PT J AU Huang, LL Massa, L AF Huang, Lulu Massa, Lou TI Kernel Energy Method: Drug-Target Interaction Energies for Drug Design SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 50th annual Sanibel Symposium CY FEB 24-MAR 02, 2010 CL St. Simons Island, REP OF GEORGIA DE drug; RNA-target; Moller-Plesset second-order; quantum mechanics; interaction energy ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; VALENCE BASIS-SETS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; SITE; ELEMENTS; COMPLEX; TDA1; RNA AB The full power of ab initio quantum mechanics applied to obtain the interaction of drugs and their molecular targets can provide detailed energetics useful to understanding of mechanism and drug design. The computational problem is the growth in quantum computational difficulty with the number of atoms in the molecule. As biochemical molecules are often large, the computational difficulty of the full quantum problem is challenging. Two things help alleviate the difficulty, viz., (1) parallel supercomputers, and (2) quantum crystallography and the use of quantum kernels, a method well suited for parallel computation. Calculations are simplified by approximating a full molecule by smaller "kernels" of atoms. Here, it is suggested that problems of medicinal chemistry, such as the rational design of drugs, may be illuminated by the use of the ab initio quantum-mechanical kernel energy method. Example calculations within the MP2/3-21G chemical model are illustrated for three aminoglycoside drugs, which attach to ribosomal A-site RNA nucleotide targets. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 110: 2886-2893, 2010 C1 [Huang, Lulu] USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Massa, Lou] CUNY Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Massa, Lou] CUNY, Grad Sch, New York, NY 10065 USA. RP Huang, LL (reprint author), USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM huang@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; NIH [S06GM606654, RR-03037] FX Contract grant sponsor: Office of Naval Research.; Contract grant sponsor: NIH.; Contract grant number: NIGMS MBRS SCORE5 S06GM606654, RR-03037 (National Center For Research Resources). NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0020-7608 EI 1097-461X J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 110 IS 15 SI SI BP 2886 EP 2893 DI 10.1002/qua.22846 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA 674QI UT WOS:000283761900017 ER PT J AU Royset, JO Sato, H AF Royset, Johannes O. Sato, Hiroyuki TI Route Optimization for Multiple Searchers SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS LA English DT Article DE military operations research; search and surveillance; route planning; mixed-integer nonlinear programing ID INTEGER NONLINEAR PROGRAMS; CUTTING-PLANE METHOD; MOVING-TARGET; CONSTRAINED-PATH; ALGORITHM; TRACKING; UAVS AB We consider a discrete time-and-space route-optimization problem across a finite time horizon in which multiple searchers seek to detect one or more probabilistically moving targets. This article formulates a novel convex mixed-integer nonlinear program for this problem that generalizes earlier models to situations with multiple targets, searcher deconfliction, and target-and location-dependent search effectiveness. We present two solution approaches, one based on the cutting-plane method and the other on linearization. These approaches result in the first practical exact algorithms for solving this important problem, which arises broadly in military, rescue, law enforcement, and border patrol operations. The cutting-plane approach solves many realistically sized problem instances in a few minutes, while existing branch-and-bound algorithms fail. A specialized cut improves solution time by 50% in difficult problem instances. The approach based on linearization, which is applicable in important special cases, may further reduce solution time with one or two orders of magnitude. The solution time for the cutting-plane approach tends to remain constant as the number of searchers grows. In part, then, we overcome the difficulty that earlier solution methods have with many searchers. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.dagger Naval Research Logistics 57: 701-717, 2010 C1 [Royset, Johannes O.; Sato, Hiroyuki] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Royset, JO (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM joroyset@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N0001409AF00002] FX J. O. Royset acknowledges financial support from the Office of Naval Research under grant N0001409AF00002. The authors thank Distinguished Professor R.K. Wood, Naval Postgraduate School, for valuable advice during the course of this study and Professor M. Kress, Naval Postgraduate School, for commenting on a draft of this article. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-069X EI 1520-6750 J9 NAV RES LOG JI Nav. Res. Logist. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 57 IS 8 BP 701 EP 717 DI 10.1002/nav.20432 PG 17 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA 679PR UT WOS:000284173800003 ER PT J AU Kujawski, E Angelis, D AF Kujawski, Edouard Angelis, Diana TI Monitoring Risk Response Actions for Effective Project Risk Management SO SYSTEMS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE risk analysis; technical risk; risk response actions; decision tree; risk curves; risk dependencies; correlation; risk dynamics; microscopic analysis; Monte Carlo simulation; design of experiments ID SYSTEMS AB Complex projects typically involve high-consequence, project-specific risks that require detailed analysis and for which risk response actions (RRAs) need to be developed and implemented. The risk picture is dynamic. The sources and consequences of risks evolve and change over the project lifecycle; thus, it is necessary to constantly monitor risk. RRAs that do not keep pace with the changing project situation are a major cause of risk management failures. This paper extends traditional cost risk analysis from a purely macroscopic perspective by evaluating and tracking project-specific risks and RRAs at the microscopic level. The key elements of the method are (i) develop risk scenarios, (ii) model them using generalized decision trees, and (iii) quantify the risks using Monte Carlo simulation. For each risk the probability and cost values are conditional on the specific RRA and the preceding outcomes. The use of fractional factorial design provides a subset of all possible RRA combinations for efficiently determining the preferred total project RRA solution. Risk curves are generated to provide the necessary information to analyze, track, and manage the performance of the selected RRAs over time. Project managers and team leaders can use this information to dynamically manage the RRAs to keep pace with the changing project situation, thereby increasing the probability of project success in a cost-effective manner. The approach is detailed using a realistic but simplified case of a project examined first with one and then expanded to three technical risks. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 13: 353-368, 2010 C1 [Kujawski, Edouard] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Angelis, Diana] USN, Postgrad Sch, Def Resources Management Inst, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kujawski, E (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM eku-jawsk@nps.edu; diangeli@nps.edu RI Caposaldo, Marica/I-8659-2014 FU Acquisition Chair of the Graduate School of Business & Public Policy at the Naval Postgraduate School FX The research presented in this paper was supported in part by the Acquisition Chair of the Graduate School of Business & Public Policy at the Naval Postgraduate School. The authors also thank the anonymous referees whose constructive comments and suggestions helped to substantially improve the paper. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 19 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1098-1241 J9 SYSTEMS ENG JI Syst. Eng. PD WIN PY 2010 VL 13 IS 4 BP 353 EP 368 DI 10.1002/sys.20154 PG 16 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 677RE UT WOS:000284008700004 ER PT J AU Wang, C AF Wang, Chong TI Does the monitoring role of buyout houses improve discretionary accruals quality? SO ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE LA English DT Article DE Accruals quality; Discretionary accruals quality; LBO; Reverse LBO; Agency problem; M40; M41 ID EARNINGS MANAGEMENT; OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE; AGENCY COSTS; EQUITY; FIRM AB Using a sample of reverse leveraged buyout ('reverse-LBO') firms, I find that discretionary accruals quality (AQ), the quality of accruals that are subject to management discretion, significantly improves from pre-LBO to post-reverse LBO. Moreover, buyout houses' board seats and the length of firms' stay-in-private periods are significant explanatory variables for the cross-sectional variation in discretionary AQ for post-reverse-LBO firms. My findings suggest that the monitoring provided by private equity buyout houses improves discretionary AQ, consistent with the view of Jensen (1989a,b) that LBOs are a solution to inefficiencies that arise from agency problems. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Wang, C (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RI alrefaei, hessa/F-1443-2015 NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0810-5391 J9 ACCOUNT FINANC JI Account . Financ. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 50 IS 4 BP 993 EP 1012 DI 10.1111/j.1467-629X.2010.00351.x PG 20 WC Business, Finance SC Business & Economics GA 674GO UT WOS:000283725000012 ER PT J AU Boeneman, K Deschamps, JR Buckhout-White, S Prasuhn, DE Blanco-Canosa, JB Dawson, PE Stewart, MH Susumu, K Goldman, ER Ancona, M Medintz, IL AF Boeneman, Kelly Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Buckhout-White, Susan Prasuhn, Duane E. Blanco-Canosa, Juan B. Dawson, Philip E. Stewart, Michael H. Susumu, Kimihiro Goldman, Ellen R. Ancona, Mario Medintz, Igor L. TI Quantum Dot DNA Bioconjugates: Attachment Chemistry Strongly Influences the Resulting Composite Architecture SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE semiconductor nanocrystal; quantum dot; self-assembly; biotin; streptavidin; DNA; FRET; Forster resonance energy transfer; dye; fluorophore; modeling; structure ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; CHEMOSELECTIVE LIGATION; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; NANOCRYSTALS; DIAGNOSTICS; NANOSENSOR; PROTEINS; BIOSENSORS; PEPTIDES; APTAMER AB The unique properties provided by hybrid semiconductor quantum dot (QD) bioconjugates continue to stimulate interest for many applications ranging from biosensing to energy harvesting. Understanding both the structure and function of these composite materials is an important component in their development. Here, we compare the architecture that results from using two common self-assembly chemistries to attach DNA to QDs. DNA modified to display either a terminal biotin or an oligohistidine peptidyl sequence was assembled to streptavidin/amphiphilic polymer- or PEG-functionalized QDs, respectively. A series of complementary acceptor dye-labeled DNA were hybridized to different positions on the DNA in each QD configuration and the separation distances between the QD-donor and each dye-acceptor probed with Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET). The polyhistidine self-assembly yielded QD-DNA bioconjugates where predicted and experimental separation distances matched reasonably well. Although displaying efficient FRET, data from QD-DNA bioconjugates assembled using biotin-streptavidin chemistry did not match any predicted separation distances. Modeling based upon known QD and DNA structures along with the linkage chemistry and FRET-derived distances was used to simulate each QD-DNA structure and provide insight into the underlying architecture. Although displaying some rotational freedom, the DNA modified with the polyhistidine assembles to the QD with its structure extended out from the QD-PEG surface as predicted. In contrast, the random orientation of streptavidin on the QD surface resulted in DNA with a wide variety of possible orientations relative to the QD which cannot be controlled during assembly. These results suggest that if a particular QD biocomposite structure is desired, for example, random versus oriented, the type of bioconjugation chemistry utilized will be a key influencing factor. C1 [Boeneman, Kelly; Deschamps, Jeffrey R.; Buckhout-White, Susan; Prasuhn, Duane E.; Goldman, Ellen R.; Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stewart, Michael H.; Susumu, Kimihiro] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Code 5611, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ancona, Mario] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Code 6876, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Buckhout-White, Susan] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Blanco-Canosa, Juan B.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Blanco-Canosa, Juan B.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil RI Gemmill, Kelly/G-2167-2012; OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 FU CB Directorate/Physical S&T Division (DTRA); ONR; NRL; NRL-NSI; ASEE; NIH [P41 RR-01081] FX The authors acknowledge the CB Directorate/Physical S&T Division (DTRA), ONR, NRL, and the NRL-NSI for financial support. K.B. and D.P. acknowledge ASEE fellowships through NRL. J.B.B.-C acknowledges a Marie Curie IOF.; UCSF Chimera package from the Resource for Biocomputing, Visualization, and Informatics at the University of California, San Francisco was also utilized (supported by NIH P41 RR-01081). NR 59 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 7 U2 114 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD DEC PY 2010 VL 4 IS 12 BP 7253 EP 7266 DI 10.1021/nn1021346 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 696NW UT WOS:000285449100026 PM 21082822 ER PT J AU Syverson, P AF Syverson, Paul TI Opening Two Envelopes SO ACTA ANALYTICA-INTERNATIONAL PERIODICAL FOR PHILOSOPHY IN THE ANALYTICAL TRADITION LA English DT Article DE Conditional expectation; Exchange paradox; Epistemic possibility; Bounded and unbounded values; Decision theory; Topology ID 2-ENVELOPE PARADOX; EXCHANGE PARADOX; BAYESIAN RESOLUTION; EXPECTATIONS AB In the two-envelope problem, one is offered a choice between two envelopes, one containing twice as much money as the other. After seeing the contents of the chosen envelope, the chooser is offered the opportunity to make an exchange for the other envelope. However, it appears to be advantageous to switch, regardless of what is observed in the chosen envelope. This problem has an extensive literature with connections to probability and decision theory. The literature is roughly divided between those that attempt to explain what is flawed in arguments for the advantage of switching and those that attempt to explain when such arguments can be correct if counterintuitive. We observe that arguments in the literature of the two-envelope problem that the problem is paradoxical are not supported by the probability distributions meant to illustrate the paradoxical nature. To correct this, we present a distribution that does support the usual arguments. Aside from questions about the interpretation of variables, algebraic ambiguity, modal confusions and the like, most of the interesting aspects of the two-envelope problem are assumed to require probability distributions on an infinite space. Our next main contribution is to show that the same counterintuitive arguments can be reflected in finite versions of the problem; thus they do not inherently require reasoning about infinite values. A topological representation of the problem is presented that captures both finite and infinite cases, explicating intuitions underlying the arguments both that there is an advantage to switching and that there is not. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Syverson, P (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM syverson@itd.nrl.navy.mil NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0353-5150 J9 ACTA ANAL JI Acta Anal.-Int. Period. Philos. A. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 25 IS 4 BP 479 EP 498 DI 10.1007/s12136-010-0096-7 PG 20 WC Philosophy SC Philosophy GA 680VZ UT WOS:000284266900007 ER PT J AU Chandrasekhara, MS AF Chandrasekhara, M. S. TI Optimum Gurney flap height determination for "lost-lift" recovery in compressible dynamic stall control SO AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Internatiuonal Conference on Aerospace Science and Technology CY JUN 26-28, 2008 CL Bangalore, INDIA DE Flow control; Unsteady aerodynamics; Gurney flap ID ENHANCEMENT; MECHANISMS; AIRFOIL; DESIGN AB A variable droop leading edge (VDLE) airfoil was successfully used to control compressible dynamic stall and its associated adverse pitching moment variations. But, the price for this success was a 10% loss of lift. A Gurney flap was then attached normally to the airfoil pressure surface at its trailing edge to recover this "lost-lift". Gurney flaps are seldom used in compressible flow environment, especially when large angles of attack changes are involved. So, it became necessary to find the optimum flap height that worked satisfactorily for all helicopter retreating blade flow conditions of interest. Parametric experimental studies of airfoil relative performance data with three separate Gurney flaps (0.01c-0.03c height) indicated that a 1%-chord height flap was the most satisfactory. Even though the appropriate Gurney flap height was thus established, a post-experiment analysis of the ensemble averaged airfoil unsteady canonical pressure distributions offered an explanation for the observed success of the 1% Gurney flap. Based on the findings, it is suggested that canonical pressures could serve as a new parameter that can be used for the determination of the Gurney flap height and minimize the experimental effort. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Chandrasekhara, MS (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM mchandra@nps.edu NR 18 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1270-9638 J9 AEROSP SCI TECHNOL JI Aerosp. Sci. Technol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 14 IS 8 BP 551 EP 556 DI 10.1016/j.ast.2010.04.010 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 695VD UT WOS:000285399800004 ER PT J AU Symonds, CL AF Symonds, Craig L. TI HELLDIVERS! SO AMERICAN HERITAGE LA English DT Article C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Symonds, CL (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HERITAGE SUBSCRIPTION DEPT PI NEW YORK PA FORBES BUILDING 60 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-8738 J9 AM HERITAGE JI Am. Herit. PD WIN PY 2010 VL 59 IS 4 BP 79 EP 81 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 529WA UT WOS:000272548400038 ER PT J AU Mungan, CE AF Mungan, Carl E. TI More about the falling raindrop SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material AB A simple strategy is presented for solving the "inverse rocket" problem of a particle accumulating material from a medium through which it falls vertically. Some forms of drag can also be easily included, thereby changing the constant acceleration to a more realistic value. [DOI: 10.1119/1.3471338] C1 USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mungan, CE (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM mungan@usna.edu NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 78 IS 12 BP 1421 EP 1421 DI 10.1119/1.3471338 PG 1 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 682AC UT WOS:000284366200029 ER PT J AU Kim, JS Ligler, FS AF Kim, Jason S. Ligler, Frances S. TI Utilization of microparticles in next-generation assays for microflow cytometers SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE Microparticle; Flow cytometry; Microfluidics; Microflow cytometer; Biosensors ID PARTICLE-COUNTING IMMUNOASSAY; FLOW CYTOMETER; LIGHT-SCATTERING; SUPERPARAMAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; MAGNETIC-FIELD; CELL ANALYSIS; MAGNETOPHORESIS; SPECTROSCOPY AB Micron-sized particles have primarily been used in microfabricated flow cytometers for calibration purposes and proof-of-concept experiments. With increasing frequency, microparticles are serving as a platform for assays measured in these small analytical devices. Light scattering has been used to measure the agglomeration of antibody-coated particles in the presence of an antigen. Impedance detection is another technology being integrated into microflow cytometers for microparticle-based assays. Fluorescence is the most popular detection method in flow cytometry, enabling highly sensitive multiplexed assays. Finally, magnetic particles have also been used to measure antigen levels using a magnetophoretic micro-device. We review the progress of microparticle-based assays in microflow cytometry in terms of the advantages and limitations of each approach. C1 [Kim, Jason S.; Ligler, Frances S.] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ligler, FS (reprint author), USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM frances.ligler@nrl.navy.mil FU NIH [UO1 A1075489] FX JSK was a postdoctoral fellow of the American Society for Engineering Education. The work presented here was performed under NIH grant UO1 A1075489 and ONR/NRL 6.2 work unit 6336. The views presented here are those of the authors and do not represent the opinion or policy of the National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, the US Navy, or the Department of Defense. NR 55 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 23 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 398 IS 6 BP 2373 EP 2382 DI 10.1007/s00216-010-3848-8 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 672ML UT WOS:000283588600005 PM 20526882 ER PT J AU Zins, SR Amare, MF Tadaki, DK Elster, EA Davis, TA AF Zins, Stephen R. Amare, Mihret F. Tadaki, Douglas K. Elster, Eric. A. Davis, Thomas A. TI Comparative analysis of angiogenic gene expression in normal and impaired wound healing in diabetic mice: effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy SO ANGIOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Acute wound healing; Angiogenesis; Extracorporeal shock wave therapy; Impaired wound healing; Wound closure ID EPIDERMAL-GROWTH-FACTOR; SKIN FLAP MODEL; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES; PROSTAGLANDIN BIOSYNTHESIS; CXC CHEMOKINES; FACTOR-ALPHA; IN-VIVO; INFLAMMATION; ISCHEMIA; MECHANOTRANSDUCTION AB Impaired wound healing is a persistent clinical problem which has been treated with mixed results. Studies aimed at elucidating the mechanism of impaired wound healing have focused on small cohorts of genes which leave an incomplete picture of the wound healing process. We aimed to investigate impaired wound healing via a comprehensive panel of angiogenic/inflammation-related genes and wound closure kinetics with and without the application of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), which has been demonstrated to improve wound healing. Full-thickness skin from the dorsal surface of "normal" (BALB/c) and "impaired" (db (+)/db (+)) mice was excised, and wound margin tissue was harvested 2, 7, and 10 days post injury. A separate, but identical wound model was established over 40 days in order to measure wound closure kinetics. Over time, the normal non-ESWT treated wounds exhibited varying patterns of elevated expression of 25-30 genes, whereas wounds with impaired healing displayed prolonged elevated expression of only a few genes (CXCL2, CXCL5, CSF3, MMP9, TGF-alpha). In response to ESWT, gene expression was augmented in both types of wounds, especially in the expression of PECAM-1; however, ESWT had no effect on wound closure in either model. In addition, multiple doses of ESWT exacerbated the delayed wound healing, and actually caused the wounds to initially increase in size. These data provide a more complete picture of impaired wound healing, and a way to evaluate various promising treatments. C1 [Zins, Stephen R.; Amare, Mihret F.; Tadaki, Douglas K.; Elster, Eric. A.; Davis, Thomas A.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Regenerat Med Dept, Operat & Undersea Med Directorate, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Davis, TA (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Regenerat Med Dept, Operat & Undersea Med Directorate, Room 2A10,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM thomas.davis1@med.navy.mil FU ONR [602236N.42237.W160.A0806, 601153N.04508.5180.A0801] FX We thank Michelle Lazzaro and Yina Mo for their expert technical assistance. We thank Tissue Regenerative Technologies Inc. (Woodstock, GA) for the use of the DermaGold (TM) shockwave instrument. This work was supported by ONR work units 602236N.42237.W160.A0806 and 601153N.04508.5180.A0801. NR 65 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-6970 J9 ANGIOGENESIS JI Angiogenesis PD DEC PY 2010 VL 13 IS 4 BP 293 EP 304 DI 10.1007/s10456-010-9186-9 PG 12 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 679ID UT WOS:000284154200002 PM 20848181 ER PT J AU Muterspaugh, MW Hartkopf, WI Lane, BF O'Connell, J Williamson, M Kulkarni, SR Konacki, M Burke, BF Colavita, MM Shao, M Wiktorowicz, SJ AF Muterspaugh, Matthew W. Hartkopf, William I. Lane, Benjamin F. O'Connell, J. Williamson, M. Kulkarni, S. R. Konacki, Maciej Burke, Bernard F. Colavita, M. M. Shao, M. Wiktorowicz, Sloane J. TI THE PHASES DIFFERENTIAL ASTROMETRY DATA ARCHIVE. II. UPDATED BINARY STAR ORBITS AND A LONG PERIOD ECLIPSING BINARY SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; binaries: close; binaries: eclipsing; binaries: visual; techniques: interferometric ID RADIAL-VELOCITY OBSERVATIONS; PALOMAR TESTBED INTERFEROMETER; SOLAR-TYPE STARS; SPECTROSCOPIC BINARIES; PRECISION ASTROMETRY; ADAPTIVE OPTICS; SYSTEM; MULTIPLICITY; MASSES; TELESCOPE AB Differential astrometry measurements from the Palomar High-precision Astrometric Search for Exoplanet Systems have been combined with lower precision single-aperture measurements covering a much longer timespan ( from eyepiece measurements, speckle interferometry, and adaptive optics) to determine improved visual orbits for 20 binary stars. In some cases, radial velocity observations exist to constrain the full three-dimensional orbit and determine component masses. The visual orbit of one of these binaries-alpha Com ( HD 114378)-shows that the system is likely to have eclipses, despite its very long period of 26 years. The next eclipse is predicted to be within a week of 2015 January 24. C1 [Muterspaugh, Matthew W.; O'Connell, J.] Tennessee State Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Math & Phys, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Muterspaugh, Matthew W.; Williamson, M.] Tennessee State Univ, Ctr Excellence Informat Syst, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Hartkopf, William I.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Lane, Benjamin F.] Draper Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kulkarni, S. R.] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Konacki, Maciej] Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. [Konacki, Maciej] Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Astron Observ, PL-60286 Poznan, Poland. [Burke, Bernard F.] MIT, Dept Phys, MIT Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Colavita, M. M.; Shao, M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Wiktorowicz, Sloane J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Muterspaugh, MW (reprint author), Tennessee State Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Math & Phys, Boswell Sci Hall, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. EM matthew1@coe.tsuniv.edu; wih@usno.navy.mil; blane@draper.com; maciej@ncac.torun.pl FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNG05GJ58G]; NASA [NAS7-03001 (JPL 1336910)]; National Science Foundation [AST 0300096, AST 0507590, AST 0505366]; Townes Fellowship Program; Tennessee State University; State of Tennessee through its Centers of Excellence program; California Institute of Technology Astronomy Department; Foundation for Polish Science; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [N203 3020 35] FX PHASES benefits from the efforts of the PTI collaboration members who have each contributed to the development of an extremely reliable observational instrument. Without this outstanding engineering effort to produce a solid foundation, advanced phase-referencing techniques would not have been possible. We thank PTI's night assistant Kevin Rykoski for his efforts to maintain PTI in excellent condition and operating PTI in phase-referencing mode every week. Thanks are also extended to Ken Johnston and the U. S. Naval Observatory for their continued support of the USNO Double Star Program. Part of the work described in this paper was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Interferometer data were obtained at the Palomar Observatory with the NASA Palomar Testbed Interferometer, supported by NASA contracts to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the Simbad database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This research has made use of SAOImage DS9, developed by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. M.W.M. acknowledges support from the Townes Fellowship Program, Tennessee State University, and the state of Tennessee through its Centers of Excellence program. Some of the software used for analysis was developed as part of the SIM Double Blind Test with support from NASA contract NAS7-03001 (JPL 1336910). PHASES is funded in part by the California Institute of Technology Astronomy Department and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNG05GJ58G issued through the Terrestrial Planet Finder Foundation Science Program. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation through grants AST 0300096, AST 0507590, and AST 0505366. M.K. is supported by the Foundation for Polish Science through a FOCUS grant and fellowship, by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education through grant N203 3020 35. NR 47 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 140 IS 6 BP 1623 EP 1630 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1623 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 679EK UT WOS:000284143500003 ER PT J AU Muterspaugh, MW Fekel, FC Lane, BF Hartkopf, WI Kulkarni, SR Konacki, M Burke, BF Colavita, MM Shao, M Williamson, M AF Muterspaugh, Matthew W. Fekel, Francis C. Lane, Benjamin F. Hartkopf, William I. Kulkarni, S. R. Konacki, Maciej Burke, Bernard F. Colavita, M. M. Shao, M. Williamson, M. TI THE PHASES DIFFERENTIAL ASTROMETRY DATA ARCHIVE. IV. THE TRIPLE STAR SYSTEMS 63 Gem A AND HR 2896 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; binaries: close; binaries: visual ID PALOMAR TESTBED INTERFEROMETER; BINARY-SYSTEMS; PLANET SEARCH; CHARA ARRAY; DETECTABILITY; ORBITS; MASS AB Differential astrometry measurements from the Palomar High-precision Astrometric Search for Exoplanet Systems (PHASES) are used to constrain the astrometric orbit of the previously known less than or similar to 2 day subsystem in the triple system 63 Gem A and have detected a previously unknown two-year Keplerian wobble superimposed on the visual orbit of the much longer period (213 years) binary system HR 2896. 63 Gem A was already known to be triple from spectroscopic work, and absorption lines from all three stars can be identified and their individual Doppler shifts measured; new velocities for all three components are presented to aid in constraining the orbit and measuring the stellar masses. In fact, 63 Gem itself is a sextuple system: the hierarchical triple (Aa1-Aa2)-Ab (in which Aa1 and Aa2 orbit each other with a rapid period just under 2 days, and Ab orbits these every two years), plus three distant common proper motion companions. The very small astrometric perturbation caused by the inner pair in 63 Gem A stretches the limits of current astrometric capabilities, but PHASES observations are able to constrain the orientation of the orbit. The two bright stars comprising the HR 2896 long-period (213 year) system have a combined spectral type of K0III and the newly detected object's mass estimate places it in the regime of being an M dwarf. The motion of the stars are slow enough that their spectral features are always blended, preventing Doppler studies. The PHASES measurements and radial velocities (when available) have been combined with lower precision single-aperture measurements covering a much longer time frame (from eyepiece measurements, speckle interferometry, and adaptive optics) to improve the characterization of the long-period orbits in both binaries. The visual orbits of the short-and long-period systems are presented for both systems and used to calculate two possible values of the mutual inclinations between inner and outer orbits of 152 degrees +/- 12 degrees or a less likely value of 31 degrees +/- 11 degrees for 63 Gem A and 10.. 2 +/- 2 degrees.4 or 171 degrees.2 +/- 2 degrees.8 for HR 2896. The first is not coplanar, whereas the second is either nearly coplanar or anti-coplanar. C1 [Muterspaugh, Matthew W.] Tennessee State Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Math & Phys, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Muterspaugh, Matthew W.; Fekel, Francis C.; Williamson, M.] Tennessee State Univ, Ctr Excellence Informat Syst, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Lane, Benjamin F.] Draper Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Hartkopf, William I.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Kulkarni, S. R.] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Konacki, Maciej] Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. [Konacki, Maciej] Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Astron Observ, PL-60286 Poznan, Poland. [Burke, Bernard F.] MIT, Dept Phys, MIT Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Colavita, M. M.; Shao, M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Muterspaugh, MW (reprint author), Tennessee State Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Math & Phys, Boswell Sci Hall, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. EM matthew1@coe.tsuniv.edu; blane@draper.com; wih@usno.navy.mil; maciej@ncac.torun.pl FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNG05GJ58G]; NASA [NAS7-03001 (JPL 1336910)]; National Science Foundation [AST 0300096, AST 0507590, AST 0505366]; Townes Fellowship Program; Tennessee State University; State of Tennessee through its Centers of Excellence program; California Institute of Technology, Astronomy Department; Foundation for Polish Science; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [N203 3020 35] FX PHASES benefits from the efforts of the PTI collaboration members who have each contributed to the development of an extremely reliable observational instrument. Without this outstanding engineering effort to produce a solid foundation, advanced phase-referencing techniques would not have been possible. We thank PTI's night assistant Kevin Rykoski for his efforts to maintain PTI in excellent condition and operating PTI in phase-referencing mode every week. Thanks are also extended to Ken Johnston and the U. S. Naval Observatory for their continued support of the USNO Double Star Program. Part of the work described in this paper was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Interferometer data were obtained at the Palomar Observatory with the NASA Palomar Testbed Interferometer, supported by NASA contracts to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the Simbad database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This research has made use of SAOImage DS9, developed by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. M.W.M. acknowledges support from the Townes Fellowship Program, Tennessee State University, and the state of Tennessee through its Centers of Excellence program. Some of the software used for analysis was developed as part of the SIM Double Blind Test with support from NASA contract NAS7-03001 (JPL 1336910). PHASES is funded in part by the California Institute of Technology, Astronomy Department, and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNG05GJ58G issued through the Terrestrial Planet Finder Foundation Science Program. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation through grants AST 0300096, AST 0507590, and AST 0505366. M.K. is supported by the Foundation for Polish Science through a FOCUS grant and fellowship, by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education through grant N203 3020 35. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 140 IS 6 BP 1646 EP 1656 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1646 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 679EK UT WOS:000284143500005 ER PT J AU Muterspaugh, MW Lane, BF Kulkarni, SR Konacki, M Burke, BF Colavita, MM Shao, M Hartkopf, WI Boss, AP Williamson, M AF Muterspaugh, Matthew W. Lane, Benjamin F. Kulkarni, S. R. Konacki, Maciej Burke, Bernard F. Colavita, M. M. Shao, M. Hartkopf, William I. Boss, Alan P. Williamson, M. TI THE PHASES DIFFERENTIAL ASTROMETRY DATA ARCHIVE. V. CANDIDATE SUBSTELLAR COMPANIONS TO BINARY SYSTEMS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; binaries: close; binaries: visual; techniques: interferometric ID PALOMAR TESTBED INTERFEROMETER; PRECISION RADIAL-VELOCITIES; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; GIANT PLANET FORMATION; EXTRA-SOLAR PLANETS; STAR CD-ROM; BARNARDS STAR; GRAVITATIONAL-INSTABILITY; CORALIE SURVEY; GJ 802B AB The Palomar High-precision Astrometric Search for Exoplanet Systems monitored 51 subarcsecond binary systems to evaluate whether tertiary companions as small as Jovian planets orbited either the primary or secondary stars, perturbing their otherwise smooth Keplerian motions. Six binaries are presented that show evidence of substellar companions orbiting either the primary or secondary star. Of these six systems, the likelihoods of two of the detected perturbations to represent real objects are considered to be "high confidence," while the remaining four systems are less certain and will require continued observations for confirmation. C1 [Muterspaugh, Matthew W.] Tennessee State Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Math & Phys, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Muterspaugh, Matthew W.; Williamson, M.] Tennessee State Univ, Ctr Excellence Informat Syst, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Lane, Benjamin F.] Draper Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kulkarni, S. R.] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Konacki, Maciej] Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. [Konacki, Maciej] Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Astron Observ, PL-60286 Poznan, Poland. [Burke, Bernard F.] MIT, Dept Phys, MIT Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Colavita, M. M.; Shao, M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Hartkopf, William I.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Boss, Alan P.] Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. RP Muterspaugh, MW (reprint author), Tennessee State Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Math & Phys, Boswell Sci Hall, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. EM matthew1@coe.tsuniv.edu; blane@draper.com; maciej@ncac.torun.pl FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNG05GJ58G]; NASA [NAS7-03001 (JPL 1336910)]; National Science Foundation [AST 0300096, AST 0507590, AST 0505366]; Townes Fellowship Program; Tennessee State University; State of Tennessee through its Centers of Excellence program; California Institute of Technology Astronomy Department; Foundation for Polish Science; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [N203 3020 35] FX PHASES benefits from the efforts of the PTI collaboration members who have each contributed to the development of an extremely reliable observational instrument. Without this outstanding engineering effort to produce a solid foundation, advanced phase-referencing techniques would not have been possible. We thank PTI's night assistant Kevin Rykoski for his efforts to maintain PTI in excellent condition and operating PTI in phase-referencing mode every week. Thanks are also extended toKen Johnston and the U. S. Naval Observatory for their continued support of the USNO Double Star Program. Part of thework described in this paper was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Interferometer data were obtained at the Palomar Observatory with the NASA Palomar Testbed Interferometer, supported by NASA contracts to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the Simbad database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. M.W.M. acknowledges support from the Townes Fellowship Program, Tennessee State University, and the state of Tennessee through its Centers of Excellence program. Some of the software used for analysis was developed as part of the SIM Double Blind Test with support from NASA contract NAS7-03001 (JPL 1336910). PHASES is funded in part by the California Institute of Technology Astronomy Department, and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant no. NNG05GJ58G issued through the Terrestrial Planet Finder Foundation Science Program. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation through grants AST 0300096, AST 0507590, and AST 0505366. M.K. is supported by the Foundation for Polish Science through a FOCUS grant and fellowship, by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education through grant N203 3020 35. NR 64 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 140 IS 6 BP 1657 EP 1671 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1657 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 679EK UT WOS:000284143500006 ER PT J AU Lazio, TJW Shankland, PD Farrell, WM Blank, DL AF Lazio, T. Joseph W. Shankland, P. D. Farrell, W. M. Blank, D. L. TI RADIO OBSERVATIONS OF HD 80606 NEAR PLANETARY PERIASTRON SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; planets and satellites: magnetic fields; planets and satellites: individual (HD 80606b); radio continuum: planetary systems ID EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; MAGNETOSPHERIC EMISSIONS; FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE; NEARBY STARS; COOL STARS; 74 MHZ; SEARCH; TRANSIT; SYSTEMS; ORBIT AB This paper reports Very Large Array observations at 325 and 1425 MHz (lambda 90 cm and lambda 20 cm) during and near the periastron passage of HD 80606b on HJD 2454424.86 (2007 November 20). We obtain flux density limits (3 sigma) of 1.7 mJy and 48 mu Jy at 325 and 1425 MHz, respectively, equivalent to planetary luminosity limits of 2.3x10(24) erg s(-1) and 2.7 x 10(23) erg s-1. Unfortunately, these are several orders of magnitude above the nominal Jovian value (at 40 MHz) of 2x10(18) erg s-1. The motivation for these observations was that the planetary magnetospheric emission is driven by a stellar wind-planetary magnetosphere interaction so that the planetary luminosity would be elevated near periastron. We estimate that, near periastron, HD 80606b might be as much as 3000 times more luminous than Jupiter. Recent transit observations of HD 80606b provide reasonably stringent constraints on the planetary mass and radius, and, because of the planet's highly eccentric orbit, its rotation period is likely to be "pseudo-synchronized" to its orbital period, allowing a robust estimate of the former. Consequently, we are able to make relatively robust estimates of the emission frequency of the planetary magnetospheric emission and find it to be around 60-90 MHz. While this is too low for our reported observations, we compare HD 80606b to other high-eccentricity systems and assess the detection possibilities for both near-term and more distant future systems. Of the known high-eccentricity planets, only HD 80606b is likely to be detectable, as the others (HD 20782B and HD 4113) are both lower mass and longer rotational periods, which imply weaker magnetic field strengths. We find that both the forthcoming "EVLA low band" system, which will operate as low as 65 MHz, and the Low Frequency Array may be able to improve upon our planetary luminosity limits for HD 80606b, and do so at a more optimum frequency. If the low-frequency component of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA-lo) and a future lunar radio array are able to approach their thermal noise limits, they should be able to detect an HD 80606b-like planet, unless the amount by which the planet's luminosity increases is substantially less than the factor of 3000 that we estimate; for the SKA-lo, which is to be located in the southern hemisphere, future planetary surveys will have to find southern hemisphere equivalents of HD 80606b. C1 [Lazio, T. Joseph W.; Farrell, W. M.] NASA, Lunar Sci Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Lazio, T. Joseph W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Shankland, P. D.] USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Farrell, W. M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Blank, D. L.] James Cook Univ, Sch Math & Phys Sci, Ctr Astron, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. RP Lazio, TJW (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, M-S 138-308,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RI Farrell, William/I-4865-2013 FU NASA Lunar Science Institute [NNA09DB30A]; 6.1 Base FX We thank G. Laughlin for the initial inspiration for these observations and for pointing out that HD 80606b should be in a state of pseudo-synchronization; J. Schneider for the Extrasolar Planets Encyclopedia; and P. Perley and W. Koski for helpful discussions. T.J.W.L. thanks USNO, where much of this paper was written, for its hospitality. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. The LUNAR consortium is funded by the NASA Lunar Science Institute (via Cooperative Agreement NNA09DB30A) to investigate concepts for astrophysical observatories on the Moon. Basic research at NRL is supported by 6.1 Base funding. NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 140 IS 6 BP 1929 EP 1933 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1929 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 679EK UT WOS:000284143500028 ER PT J AU Vieira, K Girard, TM van Altena, WF Zacharias, N Casetti-Dinescu, DI Korchagin, VI Platais, I Monet, DG Lopez, CE Herrera, D Castillo, DJ AF Vieira, Katherine Girard, Terrence M. van Altena, William F. Zacharias, Norbert Casetti-Dinescu, Dana I. Korchagin, Vladimir I. Platais, Imants Monet, David G. Lopez, Carlos E. Herrera, David Castillo, Danilo J. TI PROPER-MOTION STUDY OF THE MAGELLANIC CLOUDS USING SPM MATERIAL SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; catalogs; Magellanic Clouds; proper motions ID INERTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM; N-BODY SIMULATIONS; MILKY-WAY; DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION; HALO MASS; STREAM; CATALOG; KINEMATICS; PROGRAM; ORIGIN AB Absolute proper motions are determined for stars and galaxies to V = 17.5 over a 450 deg(2) area that encloses both Magellanic Clouds. The proper motions are based on photographic and CCD observations of the Yale/San Juan Southern Proper Motion program, which span a baseline of 40 years. Multiple, local relative proper-motion measures are combined in an overlap solution using photometrically selected Galactic disk stars to define a global relative system that is then transformed to absolute using external galaxies and Hipparcos stars to tie into the ICRS. The resulting catalog of 1.4 million objects is used to derive the mean absolute proper motions of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC); (mu(alpha) cos delta, mu(delta))(LMC) = (1.89, + 0.39)+/-(0.27, 0.27) mas yr(-1) and (mu(alpha) cos delta, mu(delta))(SMC) = (0.98,-1.01) +/-(0.30, 0.29) mas yr(-1). These mean motions are based on best-measured samples of 3822 LMC stars and 964 SMC stars. A dominant portion (0.25 mas yr(-1)) of the formal errors is due to the estimated uncertainty in the inertial system of the Hipparcos Catalog stars used to anchor the bright end of our proper motion measures. A more precise determination can be made for the proper motion of the SMC relative to the LMC; (mu(alpha) (cos delta), mu(delta))(SMC-LMC) = (-0.91,-1.49) +/- (0.16, 0.15) mas yr(-1). This differential value is combined with measurements of the proper motion of the LMC taken from the literature to produce new absolute proper-motion determinations for the SMC, as well as an estimate of the total velocity difference of the two clouds to within +/- 54 km s(-1). The absolute proper-motion results are consistent with the Clouds' orbits being marginally bound to the Milky Way, albeit on an elongated orbit. The inferred relative velocity between the Clouds places them near their binding energy limit and, thus, no definitive conclusion can be made as to whether or not the Clouds are bound to one another. C1 [Vieira, Katherine; Girard, Terrence M.; van Altena, William F.; Casetti-Dinescu, Dana I.; Korchagin, Vladimir I.; Herrera, David] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Zacharias, Norbert] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Platais, Imants] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Monet, David G.] USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. [Lopez, Carlos E.; Castillo, Danilo J.] Univ San Juan, RA-5413 Chimbas, San Juan, Argentina. [Lopez, Carlos E.; Castillo, Danilo J.] Yale So Observ, RA-5413 Chimbas, San Juan, Argentina. RP Vieira, K (reprint author), Ctr Invest Astron, Apartado Postal 264, Merida 5101A, Venezuela. EM kvieira@cida.ve; terry.girard@yale.edu; william.vanaltena@yale.edu; nz@usno.navy.mil; dana.casetti@yale.edu; vkorchagin@sfedu.ru; imants@pha.jhu.edu; dgm@nofs.navy.mil; cel_2018@yahoo.com.ar; david.herrera@yale.edu; daniloeros@hotmail.com RI Korchagin, Vladimir/L-5324-2016 FU National Science Foundation [AST04-07292, AST04-07293, AST09-08996]; Yale Astronomy Department; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX K. Vieira also thanks the National Science Foundation (grants AST04-07292, AST04-07293, AST09-08996) and the Yale Astronomy Department for their financial support during her graduate career. She and the other authors are grateful to the NSF and to Yale University for support of the SPM and this research in particular throughout the many years required to complete the SPM.; This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. NR 88 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 140 IS 6 BP 1934 EP 1950 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1934 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 679EK UT WOS:000284143500029 ER PT J AU Lazio, TJW Clarke, TE Lane, WM Gross, C Kassim, NE Ray, PS Wood, D York, JA Kerkhoff, A Hicks, B Polisensky, E Stewart, K Dalal, NP Cohen, AS Erickson, WC AF Lazio, T. Joseph W. Clarke, Tracy E. Lane, W. M. Gross, C. Kassim, N. E. Ray, P. S. Wood, D. York, J. A. Kerkhoff, A. Hicks, B. Polisensky, E. Stewart, K. Dalal, N. Paravastu Cohen, A. S. Erickson, W. C. TI SURVEYING THE DYNAMIC RADIO SKY WITH THE LONG WAVELENGTH DEMONSTRATOR ARRAY SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE instrumentation: interferometers; methods: observational; radio continuum: general ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; STELLAR WIND CONDITIONS; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; GIANT PULSES; CRAB PULSAR; AIR-SHOWERS; FREQUENCY OBSERVATIONS; ENERGY NEUTRINOS; COSMIC-RAYS; SEARCH AB This paper presents a search for radio transients at a frequency of 73.8 MHz (4 m wavelength) using the all-sky imaging capabilities of the Long Wavelength Demonstrator Array (LWDA). The LWDA was a 16-dipole phased array telescope, located on the site of the Very Large Array in New Mexico. The field of view of the individual dipoles was essentially the entire sky, and the number of dipoles was sufficiently small that a simple software correlator could be used to make all-sky images. From 2006 October to 2007 February, we conducted an all-sky transient search program, acquiring a total of 106 hr of data; the time sampling varied, being 5 minutes at the start of the program and improving to 2 minutes by the end of the program. We were able to detect solar flares, and in a special-purpose mode, radio reflections from ionized meteor trails during the 2006 Leonid meteor shower. We detected no transients originating outside of the solar system above a flux density limit of 500 Jy, equivalent to a limit of no more than about 10(-2) events yr(-1) deg(-2), having a pulse energy density greater than or similar to 1.5 x 10(-20) J m(-2) Hz(-1) at 73.8 MHz for pulse widths of about 300 s. This event rate is comparable to that determined from previous all-sky transient searches, but at a lower frequency than most previous all-sky searches. We believe that the LWDA illustrates how an all-sky imaging mode could be a useful operational model for low-frequency instruments such as the Low Frequency Array, the Long Wavelength Array station, the low-frequency component of the Square Kilometre Array, and potentially the Lunar Radio Array. C1 [Lazio, T. Joseph W.; Clarke, Tracy E.; Lane, W. M.; Gross, C.; Kassim, N. E.; Hicks, B.; Polisensky, E.; Stewart, K.] USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lazio, T. Joseph W.] NASA, Lunar Sci Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Ray, P. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wood, D.] Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. [York, J. A.; Kerkhoff, A.] Univ Texas Austin, Appl Res Labs, Austin, TX 78713 USA. [Dalal, N. Paravastu] Amer Soc Engn Educ, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Cohen, A. S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Erickson, W. C.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Math & Sci, Sandy Bay, Tas 7005, Australia. RP Lazio, TJW (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, M-S 138-308,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM Joseph.Lazio@jpl.nasa.gov OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 FU NASA Lunar Science Institute [NNA09DB30A]; 6.1 Base FX The LWDA was a joint project of NRL, the Applied Research Laboratories of the University of Texas at Austin, and the University of New Mexico. We thank the members of the University of New Mexico faculty and students who assisted with the infrastructure, construction, and maintenance of the LWDA and the many staff members of the NRAO who provided technical support in establishing the LWDA near the VLA. We thank K. Weiler, D. Munton, and L. J. Rickard for their guidance during various stages of the project. We thank J. Cordes for providing the software to generate Figure 7. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. The LUNAR consortium, headquartered at the University of Colorado, is funded by the NASA Lunar Science Institute (via Cooperative Agreement NNA09DB30A) to investigate concepts for astrophysical observatories on the Moon. Basic research in radio astronomy at the NRL is supported by 6.1 Base funding. NR 112 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 140 IS 6 BP 1995 EP 2006 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1995 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 679EK UT WOS:000284143500035 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bellazzini, R Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Carrigan, S Casandjian, JM Charles, E Chaty, S Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J DeCesar, ME Dermer, CD de Palma, F Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Favuzzi, C Fortin, P Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, I Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Harding, AK Hays, E Jean, P Johannesson, G Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lee, SH Lemoine-Goumard, M Garde, ML Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Naumann-Godo, M Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Pancrazi, B Parent, D Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ripken, J Romani, RW Roth, M Sadrozinski, HFW Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Spinelli, P Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vasileiou, V Venter, C Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Webb, N Winer, BL Yang, Z Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bellazzini, R. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Carrigan, S. Casandjian, J. M. Charles, E. Chaty, S. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. DeCesar, M. E. Dermer, C. D. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Favuzzi, C. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Harding, A. K. Hays, E. Jean, P. Johannesson, G. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lee, S. -H. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Garde, M. Llena Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Naumann-Godo, M. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Pancrazi, B. Parent, D. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ripken, J. Romani, R. W. Roth, M. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vasileiou, V. Venter, C. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Webb, N. Winer, B. L. Yang, Z. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI A population of gamma-ray emitting globular clusters seen with the Fermi Large Area Telescope SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE pulsars: general; globular clusters: general; gamma rays: general ID TO-LIGHT RATIO; SPACE-TELESCOPE; OMEGA-CENTAURI; MILLISECOND PULSARS; 47 TUCANAE; GLOBULAR-CLUSTER-47 TUCANAE; COMPACT BINARIES; XMM-NEWTON; PHOTOMETRY; DISCOVERY AB Context. Globular clusters with their large populations of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are believed to be potential emitters of high-energy gamma-ray emission. The observation of this emission provides a powerful tool to assess the millisecond pulsar population of a cluster, is essential for understanding the importance of binary systems for the evolution of globular clusters, and provides complementary insights into magnetospheric emission processes. Aims. Our goal is to constrain the millisecond pulsar populations in globular clusters from analysis of gamma-ray observations. Methods. We use 546 days of continuous sky-survey observations obtained with the Large Area Telescope aboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope to study the gamma-ray emission towards 13 globular clusters. Results. Steady point-like high-energy gamma-ray emission has been significantly detected towards 8 globular clusters. Five of them (47 Tucanae, Omega Cen, NGC 6388, Terzan 5, and M 28) show hard spectral power indices (0.7 < Gamma < 1.4) and clear evidence for an exponential cut-off in the range 1.0-2.6 GeV, which is the characteristic signature of magnetospheric emission from MSPs. Three of them (M 62, NGC 6440 and NGC 6652) also show hard spectral indices (1.0 < Gamma < 1.7), however the presence of an exponential cut-off can not be unambiguously established. Three of them (Omega Cen, NGC 6388, NGC 6652) have no known radio or X-ray MSPs yet still exhibit MSP spectral properties. From the observed gamma-ray luminosities, we estimate the total number of MSPs that is expected to be present in these globular clusters. We show that our estimates of the MSP population correlate with the stellar encounter rate and we estimate 2600-4700 MSPs in Galactic globular clusters, commensurate with previous estimates. Conclusions. The observation of high-energy gamma-ray emission from globular clusters thus provides a reliable independent method to assess their millisecond pulsar populations. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Cheung, C. C.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Parent, D.; Strickman, M. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Cheung, C. C.] Natl Res Council Res Associate, Natl Acad Sci, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Johannesson, G.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Johannesson, G.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Sgro, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Chaty, S.; Grenier, I.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, CEA IRFU CNRS,Lab AIM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Carrigan, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Jean, P.; Knoedlseder, J.; Pancrazi, B.; Vilchez, N.; Webb, N.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Brandt, T. J.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fortin, P.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.; Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Garde, M. Llena; Ripken, J.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Garde, M. Llena; Ripken, J.; Yang, Z.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.] Royal Swedish Acad Sci, Stockholm, Sweden. [DeCesar, M. E.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; Johnson, T. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [DeCesar, M. E.; Johnson, T. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [DeCesar, M. E.; Johnson, T. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astron Trieste, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Guiriec, S.; Vitale, V.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Kerr, M.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Takahashi, T.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Tramacere, A.] INTEGRAL Sci Data Ctr, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Vasileiou, V.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Venter, C.] North West Univ, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, S-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. [Guillemot, L.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jurgen.knodlseder@cesr.fr; benoit.pancrazi@cesr.fr; natalie.webb@cesr.fr RI Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Venter, Christo/E-6884-2011; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 OI Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Chaty, Sylvain/0000-0002-5769-8601; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Venter, Christo/0000-0002-2666-4812; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; NR 53 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 4 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 524 AR A75 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201014458 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 685JP UT WOS:000284625300024 ER PT J AU Parkinson, PMS Dormody, M Ziegler, M Ray, PS Abdo, AA Ballet, J Baring, MG Belfiore, A Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Camilo, F Caraveo, PA de Luca, A Ferrara, EC Freire, PCC Grove, JE Gwon, C Harding, AK Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Johnston, S Keith, M Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Makeev, A Marelli, M Michelson, PF Parent, D Ransom, SM Reimer, O Romani, RW Smith, DA Thompson, DJ Watters, K Weltevrede, P Wolff, MT Wood, KS AF Parkinson, P. M. Saz Dormody, M. Ziegler, M. Ray, P. S. Abdo, A. A. Ballet, J. Baring, M. G. Belfiore, A. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Camilo, F. Caraveo, P. A. de Luca, A. Ferrara, E. C. Freire, P. C. C. Grove, J. E. Gwon, C. Harding, A. K. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnston, S. Keith, M. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Makeev, A. Marelli, M. Michelson, P. F. Parent, D. Ransom, S. M. Reimer, O. Romani, R. W. Smith, D. A. Thompson, D. J. Watters, K. Weltevrede, P. Wolff, M. T. Wood, K. S. TI EIGHT gamma-RAY PULSARS DISCOVERED IN BLIND FREQUENCY SEARCHES OF FERMI LAT DATA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: general; open clusters and associations: individual (Westerlund 2); pulsars: general; pulsars: individual (PSR J1023-5746, PSR J1044-5737, PSR J1413-6205, PSR J1429-5911, PSR J1846+0919, PSR J1954+2836, PSR J1957+5033, PSR J2055+25); X-rays: individual (CXOU J102302.8-574606, XMMU J205549.4+253959) ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; CLUSTER WESTERLUND-2; SOURCE LIST; RADIO; CATALOG; POPULATION; LUMINOSITIES; EMISSION AB We report the discovery of eight gamma-ray pulsars in blind frequency searches of similar to 650 source positions using the Large Area Telescope (LAT), on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. We present the timing models, light curves, and detailed spectral parameters of the new pulsars. PSRs J1023-5746, J1044-5737, J1413-5205, J1429-5911, and J1954+2836 are young (tau(c) < 100 kyr), energetic ((E) over dot greater than or similar to 10(36) erg s(-1)), and located within the Galactic plane (vertical bar b vertical bar < 3 degrees). The remaining three pulsars, PSRs J1846+0919, J1957+5033, and J2055+25, are less energetic, and located off the plane. Five pulsars are associated with sources included in the Fermi-LAT bright gamma-ray source list, but only one, PSR J1413-6205, is clearly associated with an EGRET source. PSR J1023-5746 has the smallest characteristic age (tau(c) = 4.6 kyr) and is the most energetic ((E) over dot = 1.1 x 10(37) erg s(-1)) of all gamma-ray pulsars discovered so far in blind searches. By analyzing > 100 ks of publicly available archival Chandra X-ray data, we have identified the likely counterpart of PSR J1023-5746 as a faint, highly absorbed source, CXOU J102302.8-574606. The large X-ray absorption indicates that this could be among the most distant gamma-ray pulsars detected so far. PSR J1023-5746 is positionally coincident with the TeV source HESS J1023-575, located near the young stellar cluster Westerlund 2, while PSR J1954+2836 is coincident with a 4.3 sigma excess reported by Milagro at a median energy of 35 TeV. PSRs J1957+5033 and J2055+25 have the largest characteristic ages (tau(c) similar to 1 Myr) and are the least energetic ((E) over dot similar to 5 x 10(33) erg s(-1)) of the newly discovered pulsars. We used recent XMM observations to identify the counterpart of PSR J2055+25 as XMMU J205549.4+253959. Deep radio follow-up observations of the eight pulsars resulted in no detections of pulsations and upper limits comparable to the faintest known radio pulsars, indicating that these pulsars can be included among the growing population of radio-quiet pulsars in our Galaxy being uncovered by the LAT, and currently numbering more than 20. C1 [Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Dormody, M.; Ziegler, M.; Belfiore, A.; Johnson, R. P.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Ray, P. S.; Abdo, A. A.; Grove, J. E.; Gwon, C.; Makeev, A.; Parent, D.; Wolff, M. T.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ballet, J.] Univ Paris Diderot, Laboratoire AIM, CEA, IRFU,CNRS,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Belfiore, A.; Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Belfiore, A.] Univ Pavia, DFNT, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai, IEEC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Camilo, F.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [de Luca, A.] IUSS, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Ferrara, E. C.; Harding, A. K.; Johnson, T. J.; Thompson, D. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Freire, P. C. C.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Johnson, T. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Johnson, T. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Johnston, S.; Keith, M.] CSIRO, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Knoedlseder, J.] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Makeev, A.; Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Marelli, M.] Univ Insubria, I-21100 Varese, Italy. [Michelson, P. F.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Michelson, P. F.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Thompson, D. J.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Smith, D. A.] Ctr Etud Nucleaires Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucleaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Ransom, S. M.] NRAO, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Weltevrede, P.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Parkinson, PMS (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM pablo@scipp.ucsc.edu; mdormody@ucsc.edu; ziegler@scipp.ucsc.edu; Paul.Ray@nrl.navy.mil RI Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; OI Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018 FU Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France; Associated Universities, Inc.; National Science Foundation; Commonwealth Government FX Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France.; The GBT is operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.; The Arecibo Observatory is part of the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center, which is operated by Cornell University under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation.; The Parkes radio telescope is part of the Australia Telescope which is funded by the Commonwealth Government for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. NR 44 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 725 IS 1 BP 571 EP 584 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/725/1/571 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 684UN UT WOS:000284576700070 ER PT J AU Hahn, M Bryans, P Landi, E Miralles, MP Savin, DW AF Hahn, M. Bryans, P. Landi, E. Miralles, M. P. Savin, D. W. TI PROPERTIES OF A POLAR CORONAL HOLE DURING THE SOLAR MINIMUM IN 2007 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: abundances; Sun: activity; Sun: corona ID COLLISIONAL IONIZATION EQUILIBRIUM; ULTRAVIOLET IMAGING SPECTROMETER; AN ATOMIC DATABASE; EMISSION-LINES; RATE COEFFICIENTS; ION TEMPERATURES; SOHO MISSION; CHIANTI; WIND; SUMER AB We report measurements of a polar coronal hole during the recent solar minimum using the Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer on Hinode. Five observations are analyzed that span the polar coronal hole from the central meridian to the boundary with the quiet-Sun corona. We study the observations above the solar limb in the height range of 1.03-1.20R(circle dot). The electron temperature T-e and emission measure (EM) are found using a geometric mean emission measure method. The EM derived from the elements Fe, Si, S, and Al are compared in order to measure relative coronal-to-photospheric abundance enhancement factors. We also studied the ion temperature T-i and the non-thermal velocity v(nt) using the line profiles. All these measurements are compared to polar coronal hole observations from the previous (1996-1997) solar minimum and to model predictions for relative abundances. There are many similarities in the physical properties of the polar coronal holes between the two minima at these low heights. We find that the electron density, T-e, and Ti are comparable in both minima. T-e shows a comparable gradient with height. Both minima show a decreasing Ti with increasing charge-to-mass ratio q/M. A previously observed upturn of Ti for ions above q/M > 0.25 was not found here. We also compared relative coronal-to-photospheric elemental abundance enhancement factors for a number of elements. These ratios were similar to 1 for both the low first ionization potential (FIP) elements Si and Al and the marginally high FIP element S relative to the low FIP element Fe, as is expected based on earlier observations and models for a polar coronal hole. These results are consistent with no FIP effect in a polar coronal hole. C1 [Hahn, M.; Savin, D. W.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Bryans, P.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Landi, E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Miralles, M. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Hahn, M (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, MC 5247,550 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011; Savin, Daniel/B-9576-2012; Bryans, Paul/C-9196-2012; Hahn, Michael /A-6038-2013 OI Savin, Daniel/0000-0002-1111-6610; FU NASA; Naval Research Laboratory FX We thank S. R. Cranmer and J. M. Laming for stimulating discussions. M. H. and D. W. S. were supported in part by the NASA Solar Heliospheric Physics program. The work of E. L. and M. P. M. is supported by several NASA grants. The work of P. B. was performed under contract with the Naval Research Laboratory and was funded by NASA. NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 725 IS 1 BP 774 EP 786 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/725/1/774 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 684UN UT WOS:000284576700086 ER PT J AU Jenkins, JM Borucki, WJ Koch, DG Marcy, GW Cochran, WD Welsh, WF Basri, G Batalha, NM Buchhave, LA Brown, TM Caldwell, DA Dunham, EW Endl, M Fischer, DA Gautier, TN Geary, JC Gilliland, RL Howell, SB Isaacson, H Johnson, JA Latham, DW Lissauer, JJ Monet, DG Rowe, JF Sasselov, DD Howard, AW MacQueen, P Orosz, JA Chandrasekaran, H Twicken, JD Bryson, ST Quintana, EV Clarke, BD Li, J Allen, C Tenenbaum, P Wu, HL Meibom, S Klaus, TC Middour, CK Cote, MT McCauliff, S Girouard, FR Gunter, JP Wohler, B Hall, JR Ibrahim, K Uddin, AKMK Wu, MS Bhavsar, PA Van Cleve, J Pletcher, DL Dotson, JL Haas, MR AF Jenkins, Jon M. Borucki, William J. Koch, David G. Marcy, Geoffrey W. Cochran, William D. Welsh, William F. Basri, Gibor Batalha, Natalie M. Buchhave, Lars A. Brown, Timothy M. Caldwell, Douglas A. Dunham, Edward W. Endl, Michael Fischer, Debra A. Gautier, Thomas N., III Geary, John C. Gilliland, Ronald L. Howell, Steve B. Isaacson, Howard Johnson, John Asher Latham, David W. Lissauer, Jack J. Monet, David G. Rowe, Jason F. Sasselov, Dimitar D. Howard, Andrew W. MacQueen, Phillip Orosz, Jerome A. Chandrasekaran, Hema Twicken, Joseph D. Bryson, Stephen T. Quintana, Elisa V. Clarke, Bruce D. Li, Jie Allen, Christopher Tenenbaum, Peter Wu, Hayley Meibom, Soren Klaus, Todd C. Middour, Christopher K. Cote, Miles T. McCauliff, Sean Girouard, Forrest R. Gunter, Jay P. Wohler, Bill Hall, Jennifer R. Ibrahim, Khadeejah Uddin, A. K. M. Kamal Wu, Michael S. Bhavsar, Paresh A. Van Cleve, Jeffrey Pletcher, David L. Dotson, Jessie L. Haas, Michael R. TI DISCOVERY AND ROSSITER-McLAUGHLIN EFFECT OF EXOPLANET KEPLER-8b SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE radio lines: planetary systems; stars: fundamental parameters; stars: individual (Kepler-8, KIC 6822244, 2MASS 18450914+4227038) ID SPIN-ORBIT ALIGNMENT; EXTRASOLAR PLANETARY SYSTEMS; SPECTROSCOPIC TRANSIT; DYNAMICAL RELAXATION; RETROGRADE ORBIT; Y-2 ISOCHRONES; HD 147506B; PARAMETERS; ECCENTRICITY; MISALIGNMENT AB We report on the discovery and the Rossiter-McLaughlin (R-M) effect of Kepler-8b, a transiting planet identified by the NASA Kepler Mission. Kepler photometry and Keck-HIRES radial velocities yield the radius and mass of the planet around this F8IV subgiant host star. The planet has a radius R(P) = 1.419 R(J) and a mass M(P) = 0.60 M(J), yielding a density of 0.26 g cm(-3), one of the lowest planetary densities known. The orbital period is P = 3.523 days and the orbital semimajor axis is 0.0483(-0.0012)(+0.0006) AU. The star has a large rotational v sin i of 10.5 +/- 0.7 kms(-1) and is relatively faint (V approximate to 13.89 mag); both properties are deleterious to precise Doppler measurements. The velocities are indeed noisy, with scatter of 30 ms(-1), but exhibit a period and phase that are consistent with those implied by transit photometry. We securely detect the R-M effect, confirming the planet's existence and establishing its orbit as prograde. We measure an inclination between the projected planetary orbital axis and the projected stellar rotation axis of lambda = -26 degrees.4 +/- 10 degrees.1, indicating a significant inclination of the planetary orbit. R-M measurements of a large sample of transiting planets from Kepler will provide a statistically robust measure of the true distribution of spin-orbit orientations for hot Jupiters around F and early G stars. C1 [Jenkins, Jon M.; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Chandrasekaran, Hema; Twicken, Joseph D.; Quintana, Elisa V.; Clarke, Bruce D.; Li, Jie; Tenenbaum, Peter; Wu, Hayley; Van Cleve, Jeffrey] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Basri, Gibor; Isaacson, Howard; Howard, Andrew W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cochran, William D.; Endl, Michael; MacQueen, Phillip] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Welsh, William F.; Orosz, Jerome A.] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Batalha, Natalie M.] San Jose State Univ, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Buchhave, Lars A.; Geary, John C.; Latham, David W.; Sasselov, Dimitar D.; Meibom, Soren] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Buchhave, Lars A.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Brown, Timothy M.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Dunham, Edward W.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Fischer, Debra A.] Radcliffe Inst, Cambridge, MA USA. [Fischer, Debra A.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. [Gautier, Thomas N., III] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Gilliland, Ronald L.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Howell, Steve B.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Monet, David G.] USN Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Allen, Christopher; Klaus, Todd C.; Middour, Christopher K.; McCauliff, Sean; Girouard, Forrest R.; Gunter, Jay P.; Wohler, Bill; Hall, Jennifer R.; Ibrahim, Khadeejah; Uddin, A. K. M. Kamal] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Orbital Sci Corp, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Wu, Michael S.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Bast Technol, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Jenkins, JM (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM Jon.Jenkins@nasa.gov RI Caldwell, Douglas/L-7911-2014; Howard, Andrew/D-4148-2015; OI Caldwell, Douglas/0000-0003-1963-9616; Howard, Andrew/0000-0001-8638-0320; Buchhave, Lars A./0000-0003-1605-5666; Fischer, Debra/0000-0003-2221-0861 FU W. M. Keck Foundation; NASA's Science Mission Directorate; NASA [NNX06AH52G] FX Based in part on observations obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership between the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation.; Funding for this mission is provided by NASA's Science Mission Directorate. Many people have contributed to the success of the Kepler Mission, and it is impossible to acknowledge them all. Valuable advice and assistance were provided by Willie Torres, Riley Duren, M. Crane, D. Ciardi, and Josh Winn. Special technical help was provided by Carly Chubak, G. Mandushev, and Josh Winn. We thank E. Bachtel and his team at Ball Aerospace for their work on the Kepler photometer and R. Thompson for key contributions to engineering, and C. Botosh for able management. G.W.M. thanks and acknowledges support from NASA Cooperative Agreement NNX06AH52G. NR 74 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2010 VL 724 IS 2 BP 1108 EP 1119 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/724/2/1108 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 679GE UT WOS:000284149000021 ER PT J AU Dermer, CD Razzaque, S AF Dermer, Charles D. Razzaque, Soebur TI ACCELERATION OF ULTRA-HIGH-ENERGY COSMIC RAYS IN THE COLLIDING SHELLS OF BLAZARS AND GAMMA-RAY BURSTS: CONSTRAINTS FROM THE FERMI GAMMA-RAY SPACE TELESCOPE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; gamma rays: galaxies; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; shock waves ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; PHOTOMESON PRODUCTION; POSSIBLE ASSOCIATION; EMISSION; GALAXIES; CENTAURUS; COMPONENT; OBJECTS AB Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope measurements of spectra, variability timescales, and maximum photon energies give lower limits to the apparent jet powers and, through gamma gamma opacity arguments, the bulk Lorentz factors of relativistic jets. The maximum cosmic-ray particle energy is limited by these two quantities in Fermi acceleration scenarios. Recent data are used to constrain the maximum energies of cosmic-ray protons and Fe nuclei accelerated in colliding shells of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and blazars. The Fermi results indicate that Fe rather than protons are more likely to be accelerated to ultra-high energies in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), whereas powerful GRBs can accelerate both protons and Fe to greater than or similar to 10(20) eV. Emissivity of nonthermal radiation from radio galaxies and blazars is estimated from the First Fermi AGN Catalog, and shown to favor BL Lac objects and FR1 radio galaxies over flat spectrum radio quasars, FR2 radio galaxies, and long-duration GRBs as the sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. C1 [Dermer, Charles D.; Razzaque, Soebur] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dermer, CD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7653, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM charles.dermer@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research and NASA Fermi Guest Investigator [NNG10PK07I, NNG 10PE02I] FX We thank R. Blandford, C. C. Cheung, D. Eichler, J. Finke, T. Piran, and D. Wanderman for helpful discussions and correspondence, and acknowledge useful comments by the referee. This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research and NASA Fermi Guest Investigator grants NNG10PK07I and NNG 10PE02I. NR 65 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2010 VL 724 IS 2 BP 1366 EP 1372 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/724/2/1366 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 679GE UT WOS:000284149000041 ER PT J AU Patsourakos, S Vourlidas, A Stenborg, G AF Patsourakos, S. Vourlidas, A. Stenborg, G. TI THE GENESIS OF AN IMPULSIVE CORONAL MASS EJECTION OBSERVED AT ULTRA-HIGH CADENCE BY AIA ON SDO SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) ID ACCELERATION; EVOLUTION; CMES AB The study of fast, eruptive events in the low solar corona is one of the science objectives of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) imagers on the recently launched Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), which take full disk images in 10 wavelengths with arcsecond resolution and 12 s cadence. We study with AIA the formation of an impulsive coronal mass ejection (CME) which occurred on 2010 June 13 and was associated with an M1.0 class flare. Specifically, we analyze the formation of the CME EUV bubble and its initial dynamics and thermal evolution in the low corona using AIA images in three wavelengths (171 angstrom, 193 angstrom, and 211 angstrom). We derive the first ultra-high cadence measurements of the temporal evolution of the CME bubble aspect ratio (=bubble height/bubble radius). Our main result is that the CME formation undergoes three phases: it starts with a slow self-similar expansion followed by a fast but short-lived (similar to 70 s) period of strong lateral overexpansion which essentially creates the CME. Then the CME undergoes another phase of self-similar expansion until it exits the AIA field of view. During the studied interval, the CME height-time profile shows a strong, short-lived, acceleration followed by deceleration. The lateral overexpansion phase coincides with the deceleration phase. The impulsive flare heating and CME acceleration are closely coupled. However, the lateral overexpansion of the CME occurs during the declining phase and is therefore not linked to flare reconnection. In addition, the multi-thermal analysis of the bubble does not show significant evidence of temperature change. C1 [Patsourakos, S.] Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, Sect Astrogeophys, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Vourlidas, A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stenborg, G.] Interferometrics Inc, Herdon, VA USA. RP Patsourakos, S (reprint author), Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, Sect Astrogeophys, POB 1186, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 NR 20 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2010 VL 724 IS 2 BP L188 EP L193 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/724/2/L188 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 679GU UT WOS:000284150700013 ER PT J AU Lock, RJ Vaidyanathan, R Burgess, SC Loveless, J AF Lock, Richard J. Vaidyanathan, Ravi Burgess, Stuart C. Loveless, John TI Development of a biologically inspired multi-modal wing model for aerial-aquatic robotic vehicles through empirical and numerical modelling of the common guillemot, Uria aalge SO BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS LA English DT Article ID SPEEDS; FLIGHT; FOILS AB The common guillemot, Uria aalge, a member of the auk family of seabirds exhibits locomotive capabilities in both aerial and aquatic substrates. Simplistic forms of this ability have yet to be achieved by robotic vehicle designs and offer significant potential as inspiration for future concept designs. In this investigation, we initially investigate the power requirements of the guillemot associated with different modes of locomotion, empirically determining the saving associated with the retraction of the wing during aquatic operations. A numerical model of a morphing wing is then created to allow power requirements to be determined for different wing orientations, taking into account the complex kinematic and inertial dynamics associated with the motion. Validation of the numerical model is achieved by comparisons with the actual behaviour of the guillemot, which is done by considering specific mission tasks, where by the optimal solutions are found utilizing an evolutionary algorithm, which are found to be in close agreement with the biological case. C1 [Lock, Richard J.; Vaidyanathan, Ravi; Burgess, Stuart C.] Univ Bristol, Dept Mech Engn, Bristol Robot Lab, Bristol BS8 1TR, Avon, England. [Vaidyanathan, Ravi] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Monterey, CA 93930 USA. [Loveless, John] Univ Bristol, Dept Civil Engn, Bristol BS8 1TR, Avon, England. RP Lock, RJ (reprint author), Univ Bristol, Dept Mech Engn, Bristol Robot Lab, Bristol BS8 1TR, Avon, England. EM richard.lock@bristol.ac.uk; r.vaidyanathan@bristol.ac.uk; s.c.burgess@bristol.ac.uk; J.Loveless@bristol.ac.uk FU UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) FX The authors thank the Bristol Robotics Laboratory (BRL) for the use of their rapid prototyping machine. Thanks also go to Ed Charles from the Natural History Unit, BBC Bristol for providing footage and images that have been a great help during the research. This research was supported by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) and its Doctoral Training Assistantship (DTA) Program. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-3182 J9 BIOINSPIR BIOMIM JI Bioinspir. Biomim. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 5 IS 4 AR 046001 DI 10.1088/1748-3182/5/4/046001 PG 15 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Robotics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Robotics GA 684TW UT WOS:000284574000011 PM 21057174 ER PT J AU Bjorkstedt, EP Goericke, R McClatchie, S Weber, E Watson, W Lo, N Peterson, B Emmett, B Peterson, J Durazo, R Gaxiola-Castro, G Chavez, F Pennington, JT Collins, CA Field, J Ralston, S Sakuma, K Bograd, SJ Schwing, FB Xue, Y Sydeman, WJ Thompson, SA Santora, JA Largier, J Halle, C Morgan, S Kim, SY Merkens, KPB Hildebrand, JA Munger, LM AF Bjorkstedt, Eric P. Goericke, Ralf McClatchie, Sam Weber, Ed Watson, William Lo, Nancy Peterson, Bill Emmett, Bob Peterson, Jay Durazo, Reginaldo Gaxiola-Castro, Gilberto Chavez, Francisco Pennington, J. T. Collins, C. A. Field, John Ralston, Steve Sakuma, Keith Bograd, Steven J. Schwing, Franklin B. Xue, Yan Sydeman, William J. Thompson, Sarah Ann Santora, Jarrod A. Largier, John Halle, Chris Morgan, Steven Kim, Sung Yong Merkens, Karlina P. B. Hildebrand, John A. Munger, Lisa M. TI STATE OF THE CALIFORNIA CURRENT 2009-2010: REGIONAL VARIATION PERSISTS THROUGH TRANSITION FROM LA NINA TO EL NINO (AND BACK?) SO CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE OCEANIC FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS REPORTS LA English DT Article AB This report summarizes observations of the California Current System (CCS) from Baja California, Mexico to Oregon for the period from spring 2009 through spring 2010. During this period, changes in the state of the CCS reflected a transition from cool La Nina conditions into and through a short-lived, relatively weak El Nino event. Weaker than normal upwelling and several extended relaxation events contributed to warming over much of the CCS during summer 2009, especially in the north. Moderation of La Nina conditions in the CCS coincided with the development of El Nino conditions in the equatorial Pacific, yet manifested well in advance of any evidence for direct effects of El Nino on the CCS. Responses to El Nino in fall 2009 and winter 2009-2010 appear to have varied substantially with latitude: conditions off southern California returned to near climatological values with the decline of La Nina, and did not indicate any subsequent response to El Nino, yet the northern CCS warmed subtantially following the decline of La Nina and was strongly affected by intense downwelling during winter 2009-2010. The 2009-2010 El Nino diminished rapidly in early 2010, and upwelling off central and southern California resumed unusually early and strongly for a spring following an El Nino, but recovery from El Nino in early 2010 appears to be less robust in the northern CCS. Thus, despite dynamic changes in the overall state of the California Current, 2009-2010 continued the recent pattern of strong regional variability across the CCS. C1 [Bjorkstedt, Eric P.] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Fisheries Serv, Trinidad, CA 95570 USA. [Bjorkstedt, Eric P.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Fisheries Biol, Trinidad, CA 95570 USA. [Goericke, Ralf; Kim, Sung Yong; Merkens, Karlina P. B.; Hildebrand, John A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [McClatchie, Sam; Weber, Ed; Watson, William; Lo, Nancy] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Peterson, Bill; Emmett, Bob] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Fisheries Serv, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Peterson, Jay] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Cooperat Inst Marine Resource Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Durazo, Reginaldo] UABC Fac Ciencias Marinas, Ensenada, BC, Mexico. [Gaxiola-Castro, Gilberto] CICESE Dept Oceanog Biol, Ensenada, BC, Mexico. [Chavez, Francisco; Pennington, J. T.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. [Collins, C. A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Field, John; Ralston, Steve; Sakuma, Keith] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Bograd, Steven J.; Schwing, Franklin B.] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Div Environm Res, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA. [Xue, Yan] Natl Ocean Atmospher Adm, Natl Weather Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA. [Sydeman, William J.; Thompson, Sarah Ann; Santora, Jarrod A.] Farallon Inst Adv Ecosyst Res, Petaluma, CA 94975 USA. [Largier, John; Halle, Chris; Morgan, Steven] Bodega Bay Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA. [Munger, Lisa M.] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Coral Reef Ecosyst Div, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA. RP Bjorkstedt, EP (reprint author), NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Fisheries Serv, POB 690, Trinidad, CA 95570 USA. RI Merkens, Karlina/I-9062-2012; Kim, Sung Yong/B-9852-2009; Weber, Edward/A-6986-2009 OI Merkens, Karlina/0000-0002-5314-6148; Kim, Sung Yong/0000-0003-1962-8992; Weber, Edward/0000-0002-0942-434X FU CICESE; SEMARNAT-CONACYT [23804]; UCMEXUS [CN07-125]; SEP-CONACYT [23804, 23947]; Sonoma County Water Agency; NOAA; CeNCOOS; UC Davis; NOAA Fisheries Service; California Ocean Protection Council; CAMEO; California Sea Grant; NSF; NASA; State of California under the Coastal Ocean Currents Monitoring Program (COCMP); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); National Science Foundation (NSF); Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX IMECOCAL surveys were supported by CICESE, SEMARNAT-CONACYT 23804, UCMEXUS (CN07-125), and SEP-CONACYT 23947 and 23804 projects. Recent CalCOFI surveys were greatly assisted by the captains and crews of the NOAA ships Mac-Arthur II and Miller Freeman and the R/V New Horizon. Central California observations were supported by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation and NOAA. Bodega Line surveys were supported by the Sonoma County Water Agency, NOAA, CeNCOOS and UC Davis and could not have been collected without Captain Steve Neil and crew of the R/V Mussel Point. Anne Slaughter analyzed Bodega copepod samples. Trinidad Head Line surveys were supported by NOAA Fisheries Service and the California Ocean Protection Council and by the able efforts of Captain Scott Martin and the crew of the R/V Coral Sea, Kathryn Crane, Jose Montoya, and the many HSU students and volunteers who sailed on these cruises. Observations along the Newport Hydrographic Line and off the OR-WA coast were supported in part by NOAA's FATE and SAIP programs and CAMEO. Seabird surveys in recent years were supported by grants from the California Ocean Protection Council, California Sea Grant, NOAA, NSF, and NASA. HF radar mapping ocean surface currents has been sponsored by the State of California under the Coastal Ocean Currents Monitoring Program (COCMP), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Science Foundation (NSF), Office of Naval Research (ONR). HF radar data were provided by Scripps Institution of Oceanography at University of California, San Diego; University of Southern California; Marine Science Institute at University of California, Santa Barbara; California Polytechnic State University; Naval Postgraduate School; Romberg Tiburon Center at San Francisco State University; Humboldt State University; Bodega Marine Laboratory at University of California, Davis; and Oregon State University. NR 57 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 9 PU SCRIPPS INST OCEANOGRAPHY PI LA JOLLA PA A-003, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA SN 0575-3317 J9 CAL COOP OCEAN FISH JI Calif. Coop. Ocean. Fish. Invest. Rep. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 51 BP 39 EP 69 PG 31 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA V24JY UT WOS:000208407900002 ER PT J AU Young, PE Gentry, AB Acosta, RD Greenwald, BD Riddle, M AF Young, Patrick E. Gentry, Andrew B. Acosta, Ruben D. Greenwald, Bruce D. Riddle, Mark TI Endoscopic Ultrasound Does Not Accurately Stage Early Adenocarcinoma or High-Grade Dysplasia of the Esophagus SO CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Endosonography; Esophageal Cancer; Barrett's Esophagus; Staging ID FINE-NEEDLE-ASPIRATION; BARRETTS-ESOPHAGUS; MUCOSAL RESECTION; INTRAMUCOSAL ADENOCARCINOMA; INTEROBSERVER AGREEMENT; MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE; SPRAY CRYOTHERAPY; CLINICAL IMPACT; EARLY CANCER; EUS AB BACKGROUND & AIMS: Patients with esophageal high-grade dysplasia or mucosal esophageal cancer can be successfully treated by endoscopy. We performed a systematic review of the literature to determine whether endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) correctly predicts the T-stage of early esophageal cancers, compared with pathology specimens obtained by using endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) or surgery. METHODS: Standard systematic review methods were used to perform reference searches, determine eligibility, abstract data, and analyze data. When possible, individual patient-level data were abstracted, in addition to publication-level aggregate data. RESULTS: Twelve studies had sufficient information to abstract and review for quality; 8 had individual patient-level data (n = 132). Compared with surgical or EMR pathology staging, EUS had T-stage concordance of 65%, including all studies (n = 12), but only 56% concordance when limited to individual patient-level data. Factors such as initial biopsy pathology (high-grade dysplasia vs early-stage cancer) did not appear to affect the concordance of staging between EUS and EMR/surgical staging. CONCLUSIONS: EUS is not sufficiently accurate in determining the T-stage of high-grade dysplasias or superficial adenocarcinomas; other means of staging, such as EMR, should be used. C1 [Young, Patrick E.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, CDR MC FS USN, Div Gastroenterol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Young, Patrick E.; Gentry, Andrew B.; Acosta, Ruben D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Gentry, Andrew B.] USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Greenwald, Bruce D.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Riddle, Mark] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Young, PE (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, CDR MC FS USN, Div Gastroenterol, 8901 Wisconsin Ave,Bldg1, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM patrick.young2@med.navy.mil RI Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011 NR 53 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1542-3565 J9 CLIN GASTROENTEROL H JI Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 8 IS 12 BP 1037 EP 1041 DI 10.1016/j.cgh.2010.08.020 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 695ZU UT WOS:000285412500013 PM 20831900 ER PT J AU Kortepeter, MG Seaworth, BJ Tasker, SA Burgess, TH Coldren, RL Aronson, NE AF Kortepeter, Mark G. Seaworth, Barbara J. Tasker, Sybil A. Burgess, Timothy H. Coldren, Rodney L. Aronson, Naomi E. TI Health Care Workers and Researchers Traveling to Developing-World Clinical Settings: Disease Transmission Risk and Mitigation SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; INFECTION-CONTROL; SOUTH-AFRICA; EXPOSURE; TEMPERATURE; SURVIVAL AB With the recent emphasis on funding and training opportunities for global health and humanitarian aid and the increased interest in the field, many health care workers and medical researchers are traveling from resource-replete to resource-limited settings. This type of travel brings unique disease risks not routinely considered for the business or vacationing traveler. This review provides practical advice for this special population of travelers, targeted to specific health care-related risks (needlestick, hemorrhagic fever viruses, severe viral respiratory disease, and tuberculosis), with suggestions for risk mitigation. C1 [Kortepeter, Mark G.; Coldren, Rodney L.; Aronson, Naomi E.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Burgess, Timothy H.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Seaworth, Barbara J.] Univ Texas Hlth Ctr Tyler, Tyler, TX USA. [Tasker, Sybil A.] Pharmaceut Prod Dev Inc, Wilmington, NC USA. RP Aronson, NE (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Room A3060,4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM naronson@usuhs.mil NR 57 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2010 VL 51 IS 11 BP 1298 EP 1305 DI 10.1086/657115 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 675RZ UT WOS:000283850200014 PM 21039283 ER PT J AU Axelrod, DA Dzebisashvili, N Schnitzler, MA Salvalaggio, PR Segev, DL Gentry, SE Tuttle-Newhall, J Lentine, KL AF Axelrod, David A. Dzebisashvili, Nino Schnitzler, Mark A. Salvalaggio, Paolo R. Segev, Dorry L. Gentry, Sommer E. Tuttle-Newhall, Janet Lentine, Krista L. TI The Interplay of Socioeconomic Status, Distance to Center, and Interdonor Service Area Travel on Kidney Transplant Access and Outcomes SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; RACIAL DISPARITIES; GEOGRAPHIC DIFFERENCES; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE; RATES; INSURANCE; DIALYSIS; PATIENT AB Background and objectives: Variation in kidney transplant access across the United States may motivate relocation of patients with ability to travel to better-supplied areas. Design, setting, participants, & measurements: We examined national transplant registry and U.S. Census data for kidney transplant candidates listed in 1999 to 2009 with a reported residential zip code (n = 203,267). Cox's regression was used to assess associations of socioeconomic status (SES), distance from residence to transplant center, and relocation to a different donation service area (DSA) with transplant access and outcomes. Results: Patients in the highest SES quartile had increased access to transplant compared with those with lowest SES, driven strongly by 76% higher likelihood of living donor transplantation (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.70 to 1.83). Waitlist death was reduced in high compared with low SES candidates (aHR 0.86, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.89). High SES patients also experienced lower mortality after living and deceased donor transplant. Patients living farther from the transplant center had reduced access to deceased donor transplant and increased risk of post-transplant death. Inter-DSA travel was associated with a dramatic increase in deceased donor transplant access (HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.88 to 2.00) and was predicted by high SES, white race, and longer deceased-donor allograft waiting time in initial DSA. Conclusions: Ongoing disparities exist in kidney transplantation access and outcomes on the basis of geography and SES despite near-universal insurance coverage under Medicare. Inter-DSA travel improves access and is more common among high SES candidates. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 5: 2276-2288, 2010 doi: 10.2215/CJN.04940610 C1 [Dzebisashvili, Nino; Schnitzler, Mark A.; Lentine, Krista L.] St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Outcomes Res, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. [Tuttle-Newhall, Janet] St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. [Axelrod, David A.] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Hanover, NH USA. [Salvalaggio, Paolo R.] Univ Washington, Kidney & Pancreas Transplant Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Segev, Dorry L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Gentry, Sommer E.] USN Acad, Dept Math, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Lentine, KL (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Outcomes Res, 3545 Lafayette Ave, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. EM lentinek@slu.edu OI Gentry, Sommer/0000-0003-4530-8917 FU National Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) [RC1 1RC1DK086450-01, K08DK073036]; Hitchcock Foundation FX This work was supported by an American Recovery and Reinvestment Act grant from the National Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK; RC1 1RC1DK086450-01). Dr. Axelrod was supported by a grant from the Hitchcock Foundation. Dr. Lentine also received career development support from NIDDK grant (K08DK073036). An abstract describing portions of this work was presented at the American Transplant Congress in Boston, MA, May 30 through June 3, 2009. Data reported here were supplied by UNOS as the contractor for OPTN. The interpretation and reporting of these data are the responsibility of the authors and in no way should be seen as an official policy of or interpretation by OPTN, the U.S. Government, NIDDK, or the National Institutes of Health. NR 27 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC NEPHROLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1725 I ST, NW STE 510, WASHINGTON, DC 20006 USA SN 1555-9041 J9 CLIN J AM SOC NEPHRO JI Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 5 IS 12 BP 2276 EP 2288 DI 10.2215/CJN.04940610 PG 13 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 691LA UT WOS:000285080100021 PM 20798250 ER PT J AU Denning, PJ Kahn, RE AF Denning, Peter J. Kahn, Robert E. TI The Profession of IT The Long Quest for Universal Information Access SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Denning, Peter J.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Innovat & Informat Superior, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Kahn, Robert E.] Corp Natl Res Initiat, Reston, VA 20191 USA. RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Innovat & Informat Superior, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pjd@nps.edu; rkahn@cnri.reston.va.us NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0001-0782 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD DEC PY 2010 VL 53 IS 12 BP 34 EP 36 DI 10.1145/1859204.1859218 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 697SV UT WOS:000285537800022 ER PT J AU Qian, H Shaw, PT Ko, DS AF Qian, Hui Shaw, Ping-Tung Ko, Dong Shan TI Generation of internal waves by barotropic tidal flow over a steep ridge SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS LA English DT Article DE Internal wave generation; Barotropic tides; Ridges; Luzon Strait ID LUZON STRAIT; CONVERSION; TIDES; OCEAN; TOPOGRAPHY; SOLITONS; MODEL; BAY AB A three-dimensional nonhydrostatic numerical model is used to study the generation of Internal waves the barotropic tidal flow over a steep two-dimensional ridge in an ocean with strong upper-ocean The process is examined by varying topographic width amplitude of the barotropic tide stratification at three ridge heights The results show that a large amount of energy is converted the barotropic tide to the baroclinic wave when the slope parameter defined as the ratio of the ridge slope to the maximum wave slope is greater than 1 The energy flux of internal waves be normalized by the vertical integral of the buoyancy frequency over the ridge depths and the energy of the barotropic tides in the water column A relationship between the normalized flux and the slope parameter is derived The normalized energy flux reaches a constant value of the slope parameter when the slope parameter is greater than 1 5 It is inferred that wave generation is most efficient at the presence of strong upper-ocean stratification over a tall ridge In the Luzon Strait the strength of the shallow thermocline and the location of the front could affect generation of Internal solitary waves in the northern South China Sea (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved C1 [Qian, Hui; Shaw, Ping-Tung] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ko, Dong Shan] USN, Div Oceanog, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Shaw, PT (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Box 8208, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. FU Office of Naval Research of the US Navy [N00014-05-1-0280, N00014-10-1-0319] FX Suggestions provided by two reviewers help improve the manuscript The research is supported by the Office of Naval Research of the US Navy under Contracts N00014-05-1-0280 and N00014-10-1-0319 NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0967-0637 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 57 IS 12 BP 1521 EP 1531 DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2010.09.001 PG 11 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 696HI UT WOS:000285432100001 ER PT J AU Simon, LV Carstairs, KL Reardon, JM Rudinsky, SL Riffenburgh, RH Tanen, DA AF Simon, Leslie V. Carstairs, Keri L. Reardon, Jacqueline M. Rudinsky, Sherri L. Riffenburgh, Robert H. Tanen, David A. TI Oxygen saturation is not clinically useful in the exclusion of bacterial pneumonia in febrile infants SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN; MANAGEMENT; SYMPTOMS; SIGNS; FEVER; AGE AB Background Acute respiratory infection remains a common presentation to Emergency Departments. Oxygen saturations (Sao(2)) may be useful in determining which febrile infants require chest x-rays (CXR) in investigation for bacterial pneumonia (PNA). This study aimed to determine whether Sao(2) is clinically useful in excluding bacterial PNA in febrile infants <24 months. Methods A febrile infant registry was instituted at a tertiary care military hospital (55 000 annual patients, 27% children) from December 2002-December 2003. Eligible patients consisted of infants <3 months with temperature >= 38 degrees C or 3-24 months with temperature >= 39 degrees C. Bacterial PNA was defined in this cohort by a CXR revealing a 'lobar infiltrate' by a board-certified radiologist. Descriptive statistics are presented on groups who received CXR versus groups who did not, and on infants who had bacterial PNA versus those who did not. Student t tests were used to compare maximum temperature (Tmax), RR, and Sao(2). Logistic regression for PNA was performed using age, sex, Tmax, RR, HR and Sao(2). A Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve was created to show Sao(2) cut-off points as related to sensitivity and specificity. Results 985 patients (55% boys; median age: 12 months) met entry criteria. 790 underwent CXR and 82 were diagnosed with bacterial PNA. Sao(2) was lower in infants with bacterial PNA (96.6% +/- 2.5% vs 97.7% +/- 1.8%, p<0.001). Sao(2) was also predictive of bacterial PNA by logistic regression (p=0.017) but the ROC curve yielded a poor sensitivity/specificity profile (area under curve (AUC) of 0.6786). Conclusions In febrile infants, Sao(2) was not found to be clinically useful for excluding bacterial PNA. C1 [Riffenburgh, Robert H.] USN, Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Simon, Leslie V.; Carstairs, Keri L.; Reardon, Jacqueline M.; Rudinsky, Sherri L.; Tanen, David A.] USN, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Tanen, DA (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM David.tanen@med.navy.mil FU Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy Department, Washington, DC [S-05-75] FX The Chief, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy Department, Washington, DC, Clinical Investigations Program, sponsored this report #S-05-75 as required by NSHBETHINST 6000.41B. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1472-0205 J9 EMERG MED J JI Emerg. Med. J. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 27 IS 12 BP 904 EP 906 DI 10.1136/emj.2008.069047 PG 3 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 693RC UT WOS:000285241800005 PM 20871096 ER PT J AU Willauer, HD Hardy, DR Lewis, MK Ndubizu, EC Williams, FW AF Willauer, Heather D. Hardy, Dennis R. Lewis, M. Kathleen Ndubizu, Ejiogu C. Williams, Frederick W. TI Extraction of CO2 from Seawater and Aqueous Bicarbonate Systems by Ion-Exchange Resin Processes SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID GAS-PERMEABLE MEMBRANES; PHASE-TRANSITION; RECOVERY; PRESSURE AB Ion-exchange resins in dynamic seawater and model bicarbonate systems were studied to determine their feasibility and practicality for extracting large quantities of carbon dioxide from seawater for use as a carbon feedstock for fuel synthesis. The capacity and selectivity of both a strong acid cation-exchange resin and a strong base anion-exchange resin revealed that the cation-exchange resin total carbon dioxide recovery (0.32 mg/g of resin) was far superior to the anion-exchange capacity (0.07 mg/g of resin). In addition, the ease of regeneration of the cation-exchange resin was demonstrated using deionized water as a possible substitute for strong acids. The laboratory-scale data are used to estimate the full industrial-scale feasibility of a carbon-capture process by these approaches. C1 [Willauer, Heather D.; Hardy, Dennis R.; Ndubizu, Ejiogu C.; Williams, Frederick W.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lewis, M. Kathleen] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Lewis, M. Kathleen] Luzerne Cty Community Coll, Nanticoke, PA 18634 USA. RP Willauer, HD (reprint author), USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Code 6180,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM heather.willauer@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research both directly and through the Naval Research Laboratory. The authors acknowledge the valuable input from Professor Kathleen Hardy of St. Mary's College of Maryland. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD DEC PY 2010 VL 24 BP 6682 EP 6688 DI 10.1021/ef101212e PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 694AF UT WOS:000285266000058 ER PT J AU Jeffords, RD Heitmeyer, CL Archer, MM Leonard, EI AF Jeffords, Ralph D. Heitmeyer, Constance L. Archer, Myla M. Leonard, Elizabeth I. TI Model-based construction and verification of critical systems using composition and partial refinement SO FORMAL METHODS IN SYSTEM DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Formal specification; Refinement; Composition; Proof rules; Fault-tolerance; Theorem proving; Masking ID SPECIFICATIONS; REQUIREMENTS AB This article introduces a new model-based method for incrementally constructing critical systems and illustrates its application to the development of fault-tolerant systems. The method relies on a special form of composition to combine software components and a set of proof rules to obtain high confidence of the correctness of the composed system. As in conventional component-based software development, two (or more) components are combined, but in contrast to many component-based approaches used in practice, which combine components consisting of code, our method combines components represented as state machine models. In the first phase of the method, a model is developed of the normal system behavior, and system properties are shown to hold in the model. In the second phase, a model of the required fault-handling behavior is developed and "or-composed" with the original system model to create a fault-tolerant extension which is, by construction, "fully faithful" (every execution possible in the normal system is possible in the fault-tolerant system). To model the fault-handling behavior, the set of states of the normal system model is extended through new state variables and new ranges for some existing state variables, and new fault-handling transitions are defined. Once constructed, the fault-tolerant extension is shown, using a set of property inheritance and compositional proof rules, to satisfy both the overall system properties, typically weakened, and selected fault-tolerance properties. These rules can often be used to verify the properties automatically. To provide a formal foundation for the method, formal notions of or-composition, partial refinement, fault-tolerant extension, and full faithfulness are introduced. To demonstrate and validate the method, we describe its application to a real-world, fault-tolerant avionics system. C1 [Jeffords, Ralph D.; Heitmeyer, Constance L.; Archer, Myla M.; Leonard, Elizabeth I.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jeffords, RD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jeffords@itd.nrl.navy.mil RI Heitmeyer, Constance/F-6500-2011; OI Heitmeyer, Constance/0000-0001-7942-9309 FU Office of Naval Research FX This research is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-9856 EI 1572-8102 J9 FORM METHOD SYST DES JI Form. Methods Syst. Des. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 37 IS 2-3 BP 265 EP 294 DI 10.1007/s10703-010-0106-9 PG 30 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 711ZQ UT WOS:000286631700006 ER PT J AU Satter, EK Walters, MC Hurt, M Bolton, JG Dever, T AF Satter, E. K. Walters, M. C. Hurt, M. Bolton, J. G. Dever, T. TI A brief overview of the most common histiocytic disorders SO GIORNALE ITALIANO DI DERMATOLOGIA E VENEREOLOGIA LA English DT Review DE Histiocytosis; Histiocytosis, langerhans-cell; Histiocytosis, non-langerhans-cell; Histiocytic sarcoma ID LANGERHANS CELL HISTIOCYTOSIS; GENERALIZED ERUPTIVE HISTIOCYTOMA; BENIGN CEPHALIC HISTIOCYTOSIS; ROSAI-DORFMAN-DISEASE; PROGRESSIVE NODULAR HISTIOCYTOSIS; PRIMARY PAPULAR XANTHOMA; OF-THE-LITERATURE; NECROBIOTIC XANTHOGRANULOMA; JUVENILE XANTHOGRANULOMA; MASSIVE LYMPHADENOPATHY AB Histiocytosis refers to a diverse collection of disorders unified by a proliferation and accumulation of histiocytes into a variety of organs. The following review article will discuss and briefly describe the clinical and histological findings of some of the more common histiocytic disorders. The article is divided into sections according to the current classification system and prevalence of the condition. C1 [Satter, E. K.] USN, Dept Dermatol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Satter, E. K.] USN, Dept Pathol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Satter, EK (reprint author), USN, Dept Dermatol, San Diego Med Ctr, 34520 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 300, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM elizabeth.satter@med.navy.mil NR 87 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA PI TURIN PA CORSO BRAMANTE 83-85 INT JOURNALS DEPT., 10126 TURIN, ITALY SN 0026-4741 J9 GIORN ITAL DERMAT V JI G. Ital. Dermatol. Venereol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 145 IS 6 BP 717 EP 731 PG 15 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 707PK UT WOS:000286298300004 PM 21139549 ER PT J AU Kompella, S Wieselthier, JE Ephremides, A Sherali, HD Nguyen, GD AF Kompella, Sastry Wieselthier, Jeffrey E. Ephremides, Anthony Sherali, Hanif D. Nguyen, Gam D. TI On Optimal SINR-Based Scheduling in Multihop Wireless Networks SO IEEE-ACM TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORKING LA English DT Article DE Joint scheduling and routing; minimum-length scheduling; multihop wireless networks; optimization; spatial-TDMA AB In this paper, we revisit the problem of determining the minimum-length schedule that satisfies certain traffic demands in a wireless network. Traditional approaches for the determination of minimum-length schedules are based on a collision channel model, in which neighboring transmissions cause destructive interference if and only if they are within the "interference region" of the receiving nodes. By contrast, we adopt here a more realistic model for the physical layer by requiring that a threshold be exceeded by the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for a transmission to be successful. We present a novel formulation of the problem that incorporates various power and rate adaptation schemes while seamlessly integrating the generation of "matchings" (i.e., sets of links that can be activated simultaneously) by taking into consideration the SINR constraints at the receivers. For the formulated problem, we propose a column-generation-based solution method and show that it theoretically converges to a globally optimal solution, with a potential advantage of not having to enumerate all the feasible matchings a priori. We also discuss the influence of power control, spatial reuse, and variable transmission rates on network performance. Furthermore, we include aspects of the routing problem and provide computational results for our proposed column-generation-based solution procedure. C1 [Kompella, Sastry] USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wieselthier, Jeffrey E.] Wieselthier Res, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA. [Ephremides, Anthony] Univ Maryland, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Ephremides, Anthony] Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sherali, Hanif D.] Virginia Tech, Grado Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Kompella, S (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM sastry.kompella@nrl.navy.mil FU ONR; NSF [CCF-0905204, CCF-0728966, CMMI-0969169]; ONR [N00140911164]; Army MURI [W911NF-05-1-0246] FX The work of S. Kompella, J.E. Wieselthier, and G.D Nguyen was supported by the ONR. The work of A. Ephremides was supported in part by NSF grants CCF-0905204 and CCF-0728966, ONR Grant N00140911164, and Army MURI Grant W911NF-05-1-0246. The work of H.D Sherali was supported by NSF Grant CMMI-0969169. NR 19 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1063-6692 J9 IEEE ACM T NETWORK JI IEEE-ACM Trans. Netw. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1713 EP 1724 DI 10.1109/TNET.2010.2048338 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA 697MB UT WOS:000285516600004 ER PT J AU Garfinkel, SL Parker-Wood, A Huynh, D Migletz, J AF Garfinkel, Simson L. Parker-Wood, Aleatha Huynh, Daniel Migletz, James TI An Automated Solution to the Multiuser Carved Data Ascription Problem SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY LA English DT Article DE Data mining; forensics; information security ID DISPUTED FEDERALIST-PAPERS; AUTHORSHIP AB This paper presents a novel solution to the problem of determining the ownership of carved information found on disk drives and other storage media that have been used by more than one person. When a computer is subject to forensic examination, information may be found that cannot be readily ascribed to a specific user. Such information is typically not located in a specific file or directory, but is found through file carving, which recovers data from unallocated disk sectors. Because the data is carved, it does not have associated file system metadata, and its owner cannot be readily ascertained. The technique presented in this paper starts by automatically recovering both file system metadata as well as extended metadata embedded in files (for instance, embedded timestamps) directly from a disk image. This metadata is then used to find exemplars and to create a machine learning classifier that can be used to ascertain the likely owner of the carved data. The resulting classifier is well suited for use in a legal setting since the accuracy can be easily verified using cross-validation. Our technique also results in a classifier that is easily validated by manual inspection. We report results of the technique applied to both specific hard drive data created in our laboratory and multiuser drives that we acquired on the secondary market. We also present a tool set that automatically creates the classifier and performs validation. C1 [Garfinkel, Simson L.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA. [Parker-Wood, Aleatha] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Huynh, Daniel] US Mil Acad, Dept Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10096 USA. [Migletz, James] US Marine Corps, Quantico, VA 22134 USA. RP Garfinkel, SL (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA. EM simsong@acm.org NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1556-6013 J9 IEEE T INF FOREN SEC JI IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensic Secur. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 5 IS 4 BP 868 EP 882 DI 10.1109/TIFS.2010.2060484 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 681YG UT WOS:000284360000024 ER PT J AU Cress, CD McMorrow, JJ Robinson, JT Friedman, AL Landi, BJ AF Cress, Cory D. McMorrow, Julian J. Robinson, Jeremy T. Friedman, Adam L. Landi, Brian J. TI Radiation Effects in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Thin-Film-Transistors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NUCLEAR AND SPACE RADIATION EFFECTS CONFERENCE (NSREC) CY JUL 19-23, 2010 CL Denver, CO DE Carbon electronics; carbon nanotube field effect transistor; radiation effects; SWCNT-TFT; total ionizing dose (TID) ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; ALIGNED ARRAYS; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; NETWORKS; IRRADIATION; PERFORMANCE; ELECTRONICS; HYSTERESIS; CIRCUITS; RAMAN AB The fabrication, characterization, and radiation response of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) thin-film field effect transistors (SWCNT-TFTs) has been performed. SWCNT-TFTs were fabricated on SiO2-Si substrates from 98% pure semiconducting SWCNTs separated by density gradient ultracentrifugation. Optical and Raman characterization, in concert with measured drain current I-on/I-off ratios, up to 10(4), confirmed the high enrichment of semiconducting-SWCNTs. Total ionizing dose (TID) effects, up to 10 MRads, were measured in situ for a SWCNT-TFT under static vacuum. The results revealed a lateral translation of the SWCNT-TFT transfer characteristics to negative gate bias resulting from hole trapping within the SiO2 and SiO2-SWCNT interface. Additional TID exposure conducted in air on the same device had the opposite effect, shifting the transfer characteristics to higher gate voltage, and increasing the channel conductance. No significant change was observed in the device mobility or the SWCNT Raman spectra following a TID exposure of 10 Mrad(Si), indicating extrinsic factors dominate the transfer characteristics in the SWCNT-TFT devices during irradiation. The extrinsic effects of charge trapping and the role that gas adsorption plays in the radiation response are discussed. C1 [Cress, Cory D.; Robinson, Jeremy T.; Friedman, Adam L.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [McMorrow, Julian J.] N Amer Inc, Global Strategies Grp, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. [Landi, Brian J.] Rochester Inst Technol, Chem & Biomed Engn Dept, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Cress, CD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM carbon.electronics@nrl.navy.mil RI Robinson, Jeremy/F-2748-2010; Cress, Cory/A-8673-2009; Friedman, Adam/D-9610-2011; OI Friedman, Adam/0000-0003-0597-5432; Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency MIPR [10-2197M]; NRL; National Research Council FX This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency MIPR #10-2197M. The work of C. D. Cress was supported by the NRL Karles Distinguished Scholar Fellowship program. The work of A. L. Friedman was supported by the National Research Council. NR 29 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 27 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 57 IS 6 BP 3040 EP 3045 DI 10.1109/TNS.2010.2078515 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 695FE UT WOS:000285355200005 ER PT J AU DasGupta, S McMorrow, D Reed, RA Schrimpf, RD Boos, JB Ramachandran, V AF DasGupta, Sandeepan McMorrow, Dale Reed, Robert A. Schrimpf, Ronald D. Boos, J. Brad Ramachandran, Vishwa TI Process and Contamination Effects on the Single-Event Response of AlSb/InAs HEMTs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NUCLEAR AND SPACE RADIATION EFFECTS CONFERENCE (NSREC) CY JUL 19-23, 2010 CL Denver, CO DE AlSb/InAs; charge collection; high electron mobility transistors (HEMT); single event; TCAD ID ELECTRON-MOBILITY TRANSISTORS; CHARGE-COLLECTION AB We investigate the dependence of the single-event response of AlSb/InAs HEMTs on details of the doping, layer thicknesses, and contamination levels. The transconductance depends on the Delta-doping and layer thickness, which are shown to have the maximum impact on charge collection when the device is biased near the pinch-off voltage. In the on condition (near zero gate bias), the effect is minimal. The possible role of carbon contamination near the substrate-buffer heterointerface in reducing some of the longer transients is discussed. C1 [DasGupta, Sandeepan; Reed, Robert A.; Schrimpf, Ronald D.; Ramachandran, Vishwa] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [McMorrow, Dale; Boos, J. Brad] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP DasGupta, S (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM sandeepan.dasgupta@vanderbilt.edu RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX Manuscript received July 16, 2010; revised August 26, 2010; accepted August 27, 2010. Date of publication October 04, 2010; date of current version December 15, 2010. This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Basic Research Program for Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 57 IS 6 BP 3262 EP 3266 DI 10.1109/TNS.2010.2075941 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 695FE UT WOS:000285355200038 ER PT J AU Horst, SJ Phillips, SD Saha, P Cressler, JD McMorrow, D Marshall, P AF Horst, Stephen J. Phillips, Stanley D. Saha, Prabir Cressler, John D. McMorrow, Dale Marshall, Paul TI A Theory of Single-Event Transient Response in Cross-Coupled Negative Resistance Oscillators SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NUCLEAR AND SPACE RADIATION EFFECTS CONFERENCE (NSREC) CY JUL 19-23, 2010 CL Denver, CO DE HBT; microwave oscillators; radiation effects; radiation hardening; SiGe; silicon-germanium; VCO ID VOLTAGE-CONTROLLED OSCILLATORS; TECHNOLOGY; HBTS AB A theory of the circuit-based response to SET phenomena in resonant tank oscillators is presented. Transients are shown to be caused by a change in the voltage state of the circuit's characteristic differential equation. The SET amplitude and phase response is derived for arbitrary strike waveforms and shown to be time-variant based on the strike time relative to the period of oscillation. Measurements in the time-domain are used to support the theory, while the frequency-domain is used to gauge potential impact on system performance. A design-oriented analysis of the relevant trade-offs is also presented. C1 [Horst, Stephen J.; Phillips, Stanley D.; Saha, Prabir; Cressler, John D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [McMorrow, Dale] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Marshall, Paul] NASA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Horst, SJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM shorst@gatech.edu FU NASA; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-09-C-0031] FX Manuscript received July 15, 2010; revised August 27, 2010, September 07, 2010; accepted September 07, 2010. Date of publication October 07, 2010; date of current version December 15, 2010. This work was supported in part by NASA and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under HDTRA1-09-C-0031. NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 57 IS 6 BP 3349 EP 3357 DI 10.1109/TNS.2010.2076834 PN 1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 695FE UT WOS:000285355200051 ER PT J AU McMorrow, D Warner, J DasGupta, S Ramachandran, V Boos, JB Reed, R Schrimpf, R Paillet, P Ferlet-Cavrois, V Baggio, J Buchner, S El-Mamouni, F Raine, M Duhamel, O AF McMorrow, Dale Warner, Jeffrey DasGupta, Sandeepan Ramachandran, Vishwa Boos, J. Brad Reed, Robert Schrimpf, Ronald Paillet, Philippe Ferlet-Cavrois, Veronique Baggio, Jacques Buchner, Stephen El-Mamouni, Farah Raine, Melanie Duhamel, Olivier TI Novel Energy-Dependent Effects Revealed in GeV Heavy-Ion-Induced Transient Measurements of Antimony-Based III-V HEMTs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NUCLEAR AND SPACE RADIATION EFFECTS CONFERENCE (NSREC) CY JUL 19-23, 2010 CL Denver, CO DE Charge collection; high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT); indium arsenide (InAs); ion radiation effects; single-event effect (SEE); single-event transient ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ALSB/INAS HEMTS; ELECTRONIC DEVICES; CHARGE-COLLECTION; LOW-VOLTAGE; SPEED; IRRADIATION; TRANSISTORS; MOBILITY AB High-bandwidth (16 GHz) time-resolved charge-collection measurements for heavy-ion irradiation of up to 70 GeV/amu are performed on low-power 6.1 angstrom lattice spacing InAlSb/InAs HEMT devices. Event cross sections are measured to be significantly larger than the active areas of the devices. Novel energy-dependent effects are observed. C1 [McMorrow, Dale; Warner, Jeffrey; Boos, J. Brad; Buchner, Stephen] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [DasGupta, Sandeepan; Ramachandran, Vishwa; Reed, Robert; Schrimpf, Ronald; El-Mamouni, Farah] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Buchner, Stephen] GTEC, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. [Paillet, Philippe; Ferlet-Cavrois, Veronique; Baggio, Jacques; Raine, Melanie; Duhamel, Olivier] CEA, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. RP McMorrow, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; jeffrey.warner@nrl.navy.mil; sandeepan.dasgupta@vanderbilt.edu; vishwa.ra-machandran@vanderbilt.edu; boos@nrl.navy.mil; robert.reed@vanderbilt.edu; ron.schrimpf@van-derbilt.edu; philippe.paillet@cea.fr; Veronique.Ferlet-Cavrois@esa.int; jacques.baggio@cea.fr'; Stephen.buchner.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; farah.el.mamouni@vanderbilt.edu; melanie.raine@cea.fr; olivier.duhamel@cea.fr RI Raine, Melanie/F-6357-2011; Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Raine, Melanie/0000-0002-1898-9473; Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX Manuscript received July 17, 2010; revised August 31, 2010; accepted September 21, 2010. Date of current version December 15, 2010. This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency 6.1 program. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 57 IS 6 BP 3358 EP 3365 DI 10.1109/TNS.2010.2086487 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 695FE UT WOS:000285355200052 ER PT J AU Moen, KA Phillips, SD Wilcox, EP Cressler, JD Nayfeh, H Sutton, AK Warner, JH Buchner, SP McMorrow, D Vizkelethy, G Dodd, P AF Moen, Kurt A. Phillips, Stanley D. Wilcox, Edward P. Cressler, John D. Nayfeh, Hasan Sutton, Akil K. Warner, Jeffrey H. Buchner, Stephen P. McMorrow, Dale Vizkelethy, Gyorgy Dodd, Paul TI Evaluating the Influence of Various Body-Contacting Schemes on Single Event Transients in 45-nm SOI CMOS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NUCLEAR AND SPACE RADIATION EFFECTS CONFERENCE (NSREC) CY JUL 19-23, 2010 CL Denver, CO DE 45 nm; boy-contact; CMOS; Single-Event Transient (SET); SOI ID HEAVY-ION; 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; PROTON IRRADIATION; RF PERFORMANCE; TECHNOLOGIES; HBTS AB We investigate the single-event transient (SET) response of T-body and notched-body contacted MOSFETs from a commercial 45 nm SOI RF-CMOS technology. Although body-contacted devices suffer from reduced RF performance compared to floating body devices, previous work on 65 nm and 90 nm MOSFETs has shown that the presence of a body-contact significantly mitigates the total ionizing dose (TID) sensitivity that is exhibited in floating-body SOI MOSFETs. The influence of body-contacting schemes on the single-event effect (SEE) sensitivity is examined here through time-resolved measurements of laser and microbeam-induced transients from T-body and notched-body MOSFETs. Laser-induced transients demonstrate the reduced SEE sensitivity of the notched-body MOSFETs as compared to the T-body MOSFETs; this is evidenced by a uniform reduction in the peak transient magnitudes and collected charge for transients captured at the worst-case bias of V-DS = 1.0 V, as well as with all terminals grounded. Microbeam-induced transient data are also presented to support the validity of the laser-induced transient data. Together, these data provide new insight into the RF versus TID versus SEE tradeoffs associated with body contacting schemes in nm-scale MOSFETs, an important concern for emerging space-based electronics applications. C1 [Moen, Kurt A.; Phillips, Stanley D.; Wilcox, Edward P.; Cressler, John D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Nayfeh, Hasan; Sutton, Akil K.] IBM Semicond Res & Dev Ctr, Hopewell Jct, NY 12533 USA. [Warner, Jeffrey H.; Buchner, Stephen P.; McMorrow, Dale] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Vizkelethy, Gyorgy; Dodd, Paul] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Moen, KA (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM kmoen@ece.gatech.edu; stan.phillips@gatech.edu; twilcox@ece.gatech.edu; cressler@ece.gatech.edu; nayfeh@us.ibm.com; aksutton@us.ibm.com; jeffrey.warner@nrl.navy.mil; stephen.buchner.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; gvizkel@sandia.gov; pedodd@sandia.gov OI Moen, Kurt/0000-0001-7697-8636 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-09-C-0031]; IBM; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Manuscript received July 16, 2010; revised August 26, 2010; accepted August 30, 2010. Date of publication October 18, 2010; date of current version December 15, 2010. This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under HDTRA1-09-C-0031, IBM, and Sandia National Laboratories, a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 57 IS 6 BP 3366 EP 3372 DI 10.1109/TNS.2010.2076304 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 695FE UT WOS:000285355200053 ER PT J AU Jagannathan, S Gadlage, MJ Bhuva, BL Schrimpf, RD Narasimham, B Chetia, J Ahlbin, JR Massengill, LW AF Jagannathan, Srikanth Gadlage, Matthew J. Bhuva, Bharat L. Schrimpf, Ronald D. Narasimham, Balaji Chetia, Jugantor Ahlbin, Jonathan R. Massengill, Lloyd W. TI Independent Measurement of SET Pulse Widths From N-Hits and P-Hits in 65-nm CMOS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NUCLEAR AND SPACE RADIATION EFFECTS CONFERENCE (NSREC) CY JUL 19-23, 2010 CL Denver, CO DE N-hits; P-hits; pulse width; SET; single event transient; soft error ID TRANSIENT; PROPAGATION; TECHNOLOGY; LASER AB A novel circuit design for separating single-event transients due to N-hits and P-hits is described. Measurement results obtained from a 65 nm technology using heavy-ions show different dominant mechanisms for charge collection for P-hits and N-hits. The data collected represent the first such separation of SET pulse widths for 65 nm bulk CMOS technology. For low LET particles, N-hit transients are longer, but for high LET particles, P-hit transients are longer. N-well depth and the parasitic bipolar effect are shown to be the most important parameters affecting transient pulse widths. C1 [Jagannathan, Srikanth; Bhuva, Bharat L.; Schrimpf, Ronald D.; Chetia, Jugantor; Ahlbin, Jonathan R.; Massengill, Lloyd W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Gadlage, Matthew J.] NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. [Narasimham, Balaji] Broadcomm Corp, Irvine, CA 92617 USA. RP Jagannathan, S (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM srikanth.jagannathan@vanderbilt.edu; matthew.gadlage@navy.mil; Bhuva@eecsmail.vuse.vanderbilt.edu; ron.schrimpf@vanderbilt.edu; balajin@broadcom.com; Jugantor.Chetia@vanderbilt.edu; jon.ahlbin@vanderbilt.edu; lloyd.w.massengill@vanderbilt.edu RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 FU Cisco Systems; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-09-C-0038] FX Manuscript received July 16, 2010; revised August 30, 2010; accepted September 06, 2010. Date of current version December 15, 2010. This work was supported in part by Cisco Systems and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under contract HDTRA1-09-C-0038. NR 14 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 57 IS 6 BP 3386 EP 3391 DI 10.1109/TNS.2010.2076836 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 695FE UT WOS:000285355200056 ER PT J AU Kanyogoro, N Buchner, S McMorrow, D Hughes, H Liu, MS Hurst, A Carpasso, C AF Kanyogoro, Nderitu Buchner, Stephen McMorrow, Dale Hughes, Harold Liu, Michael S. Hurst, Al Carpasso, Charles TI A New Approach for Single-Event Effects Testing With Heavy Ion and Pulsed-Laser Irradiation: CMOS/SOI SRAM Substrate Removal SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NUCLEAR AND SPACE RADIATION EFFECTS CONFERENCE (NSREC) CY JUL 19-23, 2010 CL Denver, CO DE Heavy ions; laser; silicon substrate; single-event upset; SRAM AB A novel methodology for completely removing the silicon substrate of SOI devices for single-event effects testing is introduced and demonstrated using a 90 nm, 4 Mb SRAM test vehicle. Applications and significance are discussed. C1 [Kanyogoro, Nderitu; Buchner, Stephen] GTEC, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. [Buchner, Stephen; McMorrow, Dale; Hughes, Harold] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Liu, Michael S.] TSS, Bloomington, MN 55437 USA. [Hurst, Al] Trusted Semicond Solut, Anoka, MN 55303 USA. [Carpasso, Charles] Freescale Semicond, Austin, TX 78535 USA. RP Kanyogoro, N (reprint author), GTEC, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. EM nderitu.kanyogoro.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; stephen.buchner.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; hap.hughes@nrl.navy.mil; mike.s.liu@comcast.net; al.hurst@trustedsemi.com; c.carposso@freescale.com FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency through MIPR [10-2197M] FX Manuscript received July 16, 2010; revised September 07, 2010; accepted September 13, 2010. Date of current version December 15, 2010. This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency through MIPR 10-2197M. NR 7 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 57 IS 6 BP 3414 EP 3418 DI 10.1109/TNS.2010.2085450 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 695FE UT WOS:000285355200060 ER PT J AU Messenger, SR Warner, JH Uribe, R Walters, RJ AF Messenger, Scott R. Warner, Jeffrey H. Uribe, Roberto Walters, Robert J. TI Monte Carlo Analyses of the NEO Beam Electron Beam Facility for Space Solar Cell Radiation Qualification SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NUCLEAR AND SPACE RADIATION EFFECTS CONFERENCE (NSREC) CY JUL 19-23, 2010 CL Denver, CO DE Dosimetry; Monte Carlo transport; nonionizing energy loss; solar cells ID DAMAGE AB MCNPX Monte Carlo electron transport analyses are used to characterize the electron beam facility at NEO Beam. The electron flux and energy profiles are quantified along the beam path leading to a better understanding of solar cell damage. Experimental results are compared to the MCNPX simulations. C1 [Messenger, Scott R.; Warner, Jeffrey H.; Walters, Robert J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Uribe, Roberto] Kent State Coll Technol, Kent, OH 44242 USA. RP Messenger, SR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM scream@nrl.navy.mil; ruribe@kent.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 57 IS 6 BP 3470 EP 3476 DI 10.1109/TNS.2010.2083689 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 695FE UT WOS:000285355200069 ER PT J AU Armstrong, SE Olson, BD Holman, WT Warner, J McMorrow, D Massengill, LW AF Armstrong, S. E. Olson, B. D. Holman, W. T. Warner, J. McMorrow, D. Massengill, L. W. TI Demonstration of a Differential Layout Solution for Improved ASET Tolerance in CMOS A/MS Circuits SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NUCLEAR AND SPACE RADIATION EFFECTS CONFERENCE (NSREC) CY JUL 19-23, 2010 CL Denver, CO DE Charge sharing; radiation hardened by design; single event effects; single event transients ID 130 NM CMOS; 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; CHARGE-COLLECTION; DESIGN TECHNIQUE; THROUGH-WAFER; SINGLE; MITIGATION AB Layout techniques that exploit charge-sharing phenomena for analog single-event transient (ASET) mitigation in fully-differential analog/mixed-signal (A/MS) designs are experimentally explored in a 65 nm CMOS process. Benefits of the proposed RHBD layout techniques are illustrated through circuit simulations. Preliminary RHBD layout guidelines are discussed. C1 [Armstrong, S. E.; Olson, B. D.] NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. [Armstrong, S. E.; Holman, W. T.; Massengill, L. W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Radiat Effects Grp, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Warner, J.; McMorrow, D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Armstrong, SE (reprint author), NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. EM sarah.armstrong@vanderbilt.edu; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; lloyd.massengill@vanderbilt.edu FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-09-C-0038]; DARPA FX Manuscript received July 16, 2010; revised September 01, 2010, September 14, 2010; accepted September 14, 2010. Date of current version December 15, 2010. This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under Contract HDTRA1-09-C-0038 and in part by DARPA. NR 18 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 57 IS 6 BP 3615 EP 3619 DI 10.1109/TNS.2010.2080320 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 695FE UT WOS:000285355200089 ER PT J AU Ferrari, S Zhang, GX Wettergren, TA AF Ferrari, Silvia Zhang, Guoxian Wettergren, Thomas A. TI Probabilistic Track Coverage in Cooperative Sensor Networks SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART B-CYBERNETICS LA English DT Article DE Geometric transversals; Poisson flats; probability; search theory; sensor networks; target tracking; track coverage; track detection ID PERFORMANCE; SEARCH AB The quality of service of a network performing cooperative track detection is represented by the probability of obtaining multiple elementary detections over time along a target track. Recently, two different lines of research, namely, distributed-search theory and geometric transversals, have been used in the literature for deriving the probability of track detection as a function of random and deterministic sensors' positions, respectively. In this paper, we prove that these two approaches are equivalent under the same problem formulation. Also, we present a new performance function that is derived by extending the geometric-transversal approach to the case of random sensors' positions using Poisson flats. As a result, a unified approach for addressing track detection in both deterministic and probabilistic sensor networks is obtained. The new performance function is validated through numerical simulations and is shown to bring about considerable computational savings for both deterministic and probabilistic sensor networks. C1 [Ferrari, Silvia; Zhang, Guoxian] Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Wettergren, Thomas A.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Ferrari, S (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. OI Wettergren, Thomas/0000-0002-6623-8412 FU Office of Naval Research [321]; National Science Foundation [ECS 0448906] FX Manuscript received May 1, 2009; revised October 5, 2009; accepted December 17, 2009. Date of publication March 15, 2010; date of current version November 17, 2010. This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research under Code 321 and in part by the National Science Foundation under CAREER ECS 0448906. This paper was recommended by Associate Editor R. Lynch. NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1083-4419 J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CY B JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B-Cybern. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1492 EP 1504 DI 10.1109/TSMCB.2010.2041449 PG 13 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science GA 681ZR UT WOS:000284364400007 PM 20236903 ER PT J AU LeFurjah, G Marshall, R Casey, TS Haack, T Boyer, DD AF LeFurjah, G. Marshall, R. Casey, T. S. Haack, T. Boyer, D. De Forest TI Synthesis of mesoscale numerical weather prediction and empirical site-specific radar clutter models SO IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION LA English DT Article AB A littoral clutter modelling approach that derives three-dimensional refractivity profiles from mesoscale numerical weather prediction (MSNWP), applies them to parabolic equation (PE) propagation models, and combines them with empirical surface clutter reflectivity models to generate a more realistic model of surface clutter, is described. The MSNWP model is COAMPS (R), coupled atmospheric mesoscale numerical prediction system. This study updates a paper for the IEEE Radar Conference in 2008: overwater discrete clutter, oil rigs, have been added to the model; new model comparisons with recorded data have been executed; and an evaporative duct model was appended below the refractivity profiles Burk et al. developed the approach presented here (i.e. COAMPS (R) provides atmospheric data for propagation models, which in turn provide data for clutter models). The current work advances this technology into the littorals. It has been tested over many cases of atmospheric conditions in several geographic areas. This synthesis of MSNWP and radar clutter models can provide clutter and propagation forecasts for military planners, retroactive prediction of propagation for clutter test data analysis and realistic models for radar system design and performance analysis. C1 [LeFurjah, G.; Marshall, R.; Casey, T. S.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. [Haack, T.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Boyer, D. De Forest] Technol Serv Corp, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP LeFurjah, G (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. EM george.lefurjah@navy.mil NR 19 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 1751-8784 J9 IET RADAR SONAR NAV JI IET Radar Sonar Navig. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 4 IS 6 BP 747 EP 754 DI 10.1049/iet-rsn.2009.0145 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 647ML UT WOS:000281622500001 ER PT J AU Chakravarty, S AF Chakravarty, S. TI Immunological underpinnings in the development of an attenuated sporozoite vaccine to prevent and eliminate Plasmodium falciparum malaria SO IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Congress of the British-Society-for-Immunology CY DEC 06-10, 2010 CL Liverpool, ENGLAND SP British Soc Immunol C1 [Chakravarty, S.] Sanaria Inc, Attenuated Sporozoite Vaccine Lab, Rockville, MD USA. [Chakravarty, S.] Sanaria Inc, Clin Dev Team, Rockville, MD USA. [Chakravarty, S.] USN, Med Res Ctr, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Chakravarty, S.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Chakravarty, S.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Chakravarty, S.] LUMC, Leiden Malaria Res Grp, Leiden, Netherlands. [Chakravarty, S.] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Chakravarty, S.] Prot Potential LLC, Rockville, MD USA. [Chakravarty, S.] NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0019-2805 J9 IMMUNOLOGY JI Immunology PD DEC PY 2010 VL 131 SU 1 BP 9 EP 9 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 689XL UT WOS:000284964100024 ER PT J AU Nichols, JF Aralis, H Merino, SG Barrack, MT Stalker-Fader, L Rauh, MJ AF Nichols, Jeanne F. Aralis, Hilary Garcia Merino, Sonia Barrack, Michelle T. Stalker-Fader, Lindsay Rauh, Mitchell J. TI Utility of the Actiheart Accelerometer for Estimating Exercise Energy Expenditure in Female Adolescent Runners SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE accelerometry; physical activity assessment; oxygen consumption; athletes ID COMBINED HEART-RATE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ACTIVITY MONITORS; BONE TURNOVER; CHILDREN; WOMEN; CALIBRATION; AVAILABILITY; VALIDATION; MOVEMENT AB There is a growing need to accurately assess exercise energy expenditure (EEE) in athletic populations that may be at risk for health disorders because of an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. The Actiheart combines heart rate and uniaxial accelerometry to estimate energy expenditure above rest. The authors' purpose was to determine the utility of the Actiheart for predicting EEE in female adolescent runners (N = 39, age 15.7 +/- 1.1 yr). EEE was measured by indirect calorimetry and predicted by the Actiheart during three 8-min stages of treadmill running at individualized velocities corresponding to each runner's training, including recovery, tempo, and 5-km-race pace. Repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc comparisons across the 3 running stages indicated that the Actiheart was sensitive to changes in intensity (p < .01), but accelerometer output tended to plateau at race pace. Pairwise comparisons of the mean difference between Actiheart- and criterion-measured EEE yielded values of 0.0436, 0.0539, and 0.0753 kcal . kg(-1) min(-1) during recovery, tempo, and race pace, respectively (p < .0001). Bland Altman plots indicated that the Actiheart consistently underestimated EEE except in 1 runner's recovery bout. A linear mixed-model regression analysis with height as a covariate provided an improved EEE prediction model, with the overall standard error of the estimate for the 3 speeds reduced to 0.0101 kcal . kg(-1) . min(-1). Using the manufacturer's equation that combines heart rate and uniaxial motion, the Actiheart may have limited use in accurately assessing EEE, and therefore energy availability, in young, female competitive runners. C1 [Nichols, Jeanne F.; Stalker-Fader, Lindsay; Rauh, Mitchell J.] San Diego State Univ, Sch Exercise & Nutr Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Aralis, Hilary] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Garcia Merino, Sonia] Univ Europea Madrid, Fac Phys Act & Sport Sci, Madrid, Spain. [Barrack, Michelle T.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Nutr Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Nichols, JF (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Sch Exercise & Nutr Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. FU Center for Health and Nutrition Research at the University of California Davis; American College of Sports Medicine, NASA FX This study was funded by grants from the Center for Health and Nutrition Research at the University of California Davis and from the American College of Sports Medicine, NASA Space Physiology Research Program. None of the authors had a personal or financial conflict of interest. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1526-484X J9 INT J SPORT NUTR EXE JI Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 20 IS 6 BP 487 EP 495 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Sport Sciences SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Sport Sciences GA 696GR UT WOS:000285430400005 PM 21116021 ER PT J AU Berger, MT AF Berger, Mark T. TI The Empire Project: The Rise and Fall of the British World System, 1830-1970 SO ITINERARIO-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON THE HISTORY OF EUROPEAN EXPANSION AND GLOBAL INTERACTION LA English DT Book Review C1 [Berger, Mark T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Berger, MT (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0165-1153 J9 ITINERARIO JI Itinerario PD DEC PY 2010 VL 34 IS 3 SI SI BP 124 EP 126 DI 10.1017/S0165115310000756 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 768EC UT WOS:000290913300012 ER PT J AU Haack, T Wang, C Garrett, S Glazer, A Mailhot, J Marshall, R AF Haack, Tracy Wang, Changgui Garrett, Sally Glazer, Anna Mailhot, Jocelyn Marshall, Robert TI Mesoscale Modeling of Boundary Layer Refractivity and Atmospheric Ducting SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RADIO REFRACTIVITY; WALLOPS ISLAND; PERSIAN-GULF; C-BAND; PROPAGATION; STATISTICS; CALIFORNIA; RESOLUTION; VIRGINIA; STREAM AB In this study four mesoscale forecasting systems were used to investigate the four-dimensional structure of atmospheric refractivity and ducting layers that occur within evolving synoptic conditions over the eastern seaboard of the United States. The aim of this study was to identify the most important components of forecasting systems that contribute to refractive structures simulated in a littoral environment. Over a 7-day period in April May of 2000 near Wallops Island, Virginia, meteorological parameters at the ocean surface and within the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) were measured to characterize the spatiotemporal variability contributing to ducting. By using traditional statistical metrics to gauge performance, the models were found to generally overpredict MABL moisture, resulting in fewer and weaker ducts than were diagnosed from vertical profile observations. Mesoscale features in ducting were linked to highly resolved sea surface temperature forcing and associated changes in surface stability and to local variations in internal boundary layers that developed during periods of offshore flow. Sensitivity tests that permit greater mesoscale detail to develop on the model grids revealed that initialization of the simulations and the resolution of sea surface temperature analyses were critical factors for accurate predictions of coastal refractivity. C1 [Haack, Tracy] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Wang, Changgui] Met Off, Joint Ctr Mesoscale Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England. [Garrett, Sally] Def Technol Agcy, Auckland, New Zealand. [Glazer, Anna; Mailhot, Jocelyn] Environm Canada, Meteorol Serv Canada, Dorval, PQ, Canada. [Marshall, Robert] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP Haack, T (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM tracy.haack@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [0602271N]; Ministry of Defence, U.K. [0602435N] FX Our gratitude is extended to Stephane Gaudreault, a recent addition to the ABCANZ model intercomparison team and a contributor to our ongoing effort. We thank Ross Rottier and others at JHU/APL for the helicopter measurements and Kenneth Davidson of NPS for supplying the buoy data. We are grateful to Duncan Cook, Dan Dockery, and two anonymous reviewers whose suggestions helped to shape the manuscript. The ABCANZ model intercomparison collaboration was supported by the Office of Naval Research, Program Element 0602271N. Contributions from the U.S. authors were also supported by Program Element 0602435N, and those from the U.K. author were supported by the DERTP funded by the Ministry of Defence, U.K. This paper is British Crown Copyright. NR 25 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 49 IS 12 BP 2437 EP 2457 DI 10.1175/2010JAMC2415.1 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 702KV UT WOS:000285894500004 ER PT J AU Harris, RJ Mecikalski, JR MacKenzie, WM Durkee, PA Nielsen, KE AF Harris, Ryan J. Mecikalski, John R. MacKenzie, Wayne M., Jr. Durkee, Philip A. Nielsen, Kurt E. TI The Definition of GOES Infrared Lightning Initiation Interest Fields SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID KENNEDY-SPACE-CENTER; UNITED-STATES; THUNDERSTORM ELECTRIFICATION; CONVECTIVE INITIATION; MAPPING ARRAY; GOES IMAGERY; CLOUD; RADAR; REFLECTIVITY; SIGNATURES AB Within cumulus cloud fields that develop in conditionally unstable air masses, only a fraction of the cumuli may eventually develop into deep convection. Identifying which of these convective clouds is most likely to generate lightning often starts with little more than a qualitative visual satellite analysis. The goal of this study is to identify the observed satellite infrared (IR) signatures associated with growing cumulus clouds prior to the first lightning strike, or lightning initiation (LI). This study quantifies the behavior of 10 Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-12 (GOES-12) IR fields of interest in the 1 h in advance of LI. A total of 172 lightning-producing storms, which occurred during the 2009 convective season, are manually tracked and studied over four regions: northern Alabama, central Oklahoma, the Kennedy Space Center, and Washington, D.C. Four-dimensional and cloud-to-ground lightning array data provide a total cloud lightning picture (in-cloud, cloud-to-cloud, cloud-to-air, and cloud-to-ground) and thus precise LI points for each storm in both time and space. Statistical significance tests are conducted on observed trends for each of the 10 LI fields to determine the unique information each field provides in terms of behavior prior to LI. Eight out of 10 LI fields exhibited useful information at least 15 min in advance of LI, with 35 min being the average. Statistical test; on these eight fields are compared for separate large geographical areas. Median IR temperatures and 3.9-mu m reflectance values are then determined for all 172 events as an outcome, which may be valuable when implementing a LI prediction algorithm into real-time satellite-based systems. C1 [Mecikalski, John R.] Univ Alabama, Natl Space Sci & Technol Ctr, Dept Atmospher Sci, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Harris, Ryan J.; Durkee, Philip A.; Nielsen, Kurt E.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Harris, Ryan J.; Durkee, Philip A.; Nielsen, Kurt E.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Space Syst Acad Grp, Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [MacKenzie, Wayne M., Jr.] Univ Alabama, Natl Space Sci & Technol Ctr, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. RP Mecikalski, JR (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Natl Space Sci & Technol Ctr, Dept Atmospher Sci, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. EM johnm@nsstc.uah.edu RI MacKenzie, Wayne/A-2123-2011 OI MacKenzie, Wayne/0000-0003-2121-3278 FU Applied Meteorological Unit at Patrick AFB; National Science Foundation [0813603] FX We thank Mr. William Roeder, the 45th Weather Squadron, and the Applied Meteorological Unit at Patrick AFB for providing funding and data support and accommodating a site visit to Cape Canaveral, Florida; Dr. Pat Harr, Mary Jordan, and Bob Creasey helped with deciphering statistical results, coding, and data support. We also thank John Walker from University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAHuntsville) for his coding help, and especially Dr. Bill McCaul (UAHuntsville) for the "flash grouping" algorithm and assistance with lightning data acquisition. Doctors Bill Rison of New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Bill Beasley from the University of Oklahoma, and Don MacGorman of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Severe Storms Laboratory provided valuable assistance obtaining the Oklahoma lightning data archive. Jeff Zautner from the 14th Weather Squadron was crucial in supplying the processed NLDN data as well. This research was partially supported by National Science Foundation Grant 0813603. The quality of this paper was substantially improved on the basis of comments from three anonymous reviewers. NR 55 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 49 IS 12 BP 2527 EP 2543 DI 10.1175/2010JAMC2575.1 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 702KV UT WOS:000285894500009 ER PT J AU Mukhopadhyay, S Thomason, MK Lentz, S Nolan, N Willner, K Gee, JE Glass, MB Inglis, TJJ Merritt, A Levy, A Sozhamannan, S Mateczun, A Read, TD AF Mukhopadhyay, Sanghamitra Thomason, Maureen K. Lentz, Shannon Nolan, Nichole Willner, Kristin Gee, Jay E. Glass, Mindy B. Inglis, Timothy J. J. Merritt, Adam Levy, Avram Sozhamannan, Shanmuga Mateczun, Al Read, Timothy D. TI High-Redundancy Draft Sequencing of 15 Clinical and Environmental Burkholderia Strains SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS-PSEUDOMALLEI; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; MELIOIDOSIS; OUTBREAK; AGENTS; MALLEI AB The Gram-negative Burkholderia genus includes several species of intracellular bacterial pathogens that pose substantial risk to humans. In this study, we have generated draft genome sequences of 15 strains of B. oklahomensis, B. pseudomallei, B. thailandensis, and B. ubonensis to an average sequence read coverage of 25- to 40-fold. C1 [Mukhopadhyay, Sanghamitra; Thomason, Maureen K.; Lentz, Shannon; Nolan, Nichole; Willner, Kristin; Sozhamannan, Shanmuga; Mateczun, Al; Read, Timothy D.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Biol Def Res Directorate, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Gee, Jay E.; Glass, Mindy B.; Merritt, Adam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Inglis, Timothy J. J.; Levy, Avram] PathW Lab Med WA, Div Microbiol & Infect Dis, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. RP Read, TD (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, 615 Michael St, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM tread@emory.edu RI Read, Timothy/E-6240-2011 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [XX0013_06_NM_B] FX This work was funded by grant XX0013_06_NM_B from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency to T.D.R. Some of the authors are employees of the U.S. Government, and this work was prepared as part of their official duties. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 192 IS 23 BP 6313 EP 6314 DI 10.1128/JB.00991-10 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 677LQ UT WOS:000283994300026 PM 20870763 ER PT J AU Provencher, MT Bhatia, S Ghodadra, NS Grumet, RC Bach, BR Dewing, CB LeClere, L Romeo, AA AF Provencher, Matthew T. Bhatia, Sanjeev Ghodadra, Neil S. Grumet, Robert C. Bach, Bernard R., Jr. Dewing, Christopher B. LeClere, Lance Romeo, Anthony A. TI Recurrent Shoulder Instability: Current Concepts for Evaluation and Management of Glenoid Bone Loss SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 77th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Orthopaedic-Surgeons CY MAR 09-13, 2010 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Acad Orthopaed Surg ID ANTERIOR GLENOHUMERAL INSTABILITY; 3-DIMENSIONAL COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; LATARJET PROCEDURE; ARTHROSCOPIC STABILIZATION; DISLOCATION; INFERIOR; REPAIR; RECONSTRUCTION; DEFICIENCY; DIAGNOSIS RP Provencher, MT (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 112, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. OI Romeo, Anthony/0000-0003-4848-3411 NR 47 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 2 U2 3 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD DEC 1 PY 2010 VL 92A SU 2 BP 133 EP 151 DI 10.2106/JBJS.J.00906 PG 19 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 691YH UT WOS:000285118200014 PM 21123597 ER PT J AU Izzard, L Fuller, A Blacksell, SD Paris, DH Richards, AL Aukkanit, N Nguyen, C Jiang, J Fenwick, S Day, NPJ Graves, S Stenos, J AF Izzard, Leonard Fuller, Andrew Blacksell, Stuart D. Paris, Daniel H. Richards, Allen L. Aukkanit, Nuntipa Nguyen, Chelsea Jiang, Ju Fenwick, Stan Day, Nicholas P. J. Graves, Stephen Stenos, John TI Isolation of a Novel Orientia Species (O. chuto sp nov.) from a Patient Infected in Dubai SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; RICKETTSIA-TSUTSUGAMUSHI; SCRUB TYPHUS; ANTIGENIC VARIANTS; SPOTTED-FEVER; IDENTIFICATION; GENUS AB In July 2006, an Australian tourist returning from Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), developed acute scrub typhus. Her signs and symptoms included fever, myalgia, headache, rash, and eschar. Orientia tsutsugamushi serology demonstrated a 4-fold rise in antibody titers in paired serum collections (1: 512 to 1: 8,192), with the sera reacting strongest against the Gilliam strain antigen. An Orientia species was isolated by the in vitro culture of the patient's acute blood taken prior to antibiotic treatment. The gene sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (rrs), partial 56-kDa gene, and the full open reading frame 47-kDa gene was performed, and comparisons of this new Orientia sp. isolate to previously characterized strains demonstrated significant sequence diversity. The closest homology to the rrs sequence of the new Orientia sp. isolate was with three strains of O. tsutsugamushi (Ikeda, Kato, and Karp), with a nucleotide sequence similarity of 98.5%. The closest homology to the 47-kDa gene sequence was with O. tsutsugamushi strain Gilliam, with a nucleotide similarity of 82.3%, while the closest homology to the 56-kDa gene sequence was with O. tsutsugamushi strain TA686, with a nucleotide similarity of 53.1%. The molecular divergence and geographically unique origin lead us to believe that this organism should be considered a novel species. Therefore, we have proposed the name "Orientia chuto," and the prototype strain of this species is strain Dubai, named after the location in which the patient was infected. C1 [Izzard, Leonard; Nguyen, Chelsea; Graves, Stephen; Stenos, John] Geelong Hosp, Australian Rickettsial Reference Lab Barwon Biome, Geelong, Vic 3220, Australia. [Izzard, Leonard; Fenwick, Stan; Stenos, John] Murdoch Univ, Div Hlth Sci, Sch Vet & Biomed Sci, Murdoch, WA 6156, Australia. [Blacksell, Stuart D.; Paris, Daniel H.; Richards, Allen L.; Aukkanit, Nuntipa; Day, Nicholas P. J.] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Mahidol Oxford Trop Med Res Unit, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Fuller, Andrew] Alfred Hosp, Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia. [Blacksell, Stuart D.; Paris, Daniel H.; Aukkanit, Nuntipa] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Ctr Clin Vaccinol & Trop Med, Churchill Hosp, Oxford, England. [Richards, Allen L.; Jiang, Ju] USN, Med Res Ctr, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Richards, Allen L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Stenos, J (reprint author), Barwon Hlth, ARRL, POB 281, Geelong, Vic 3220, Australia. EM johns@barwonhealth.org.au RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI Blacksell, Stuart/0000-0001-6576-726X NR 16 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 48 IS 12 BP 4404 EP 4409 DI 10.1128/JCM.01526-10 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 686JU UT WOS:000284693400010 PM 20926708 ER PT J AU Baucom, JN Thomas, JP Pogue, WR Qidwai, MAS AF Baucom, J. N. Thomas, J. P. Pogue, W. R., III Qidwai, M. A. Siddiq TI Tiled Composite Laminates SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE delamination; polymer matrix composites; joining ID INTERLAMINAR STRESSES; DELAMINATION; DESIGN; PREDICTION; STRENGTH; FRACTURE; ELEMENTS; FAILURE AB This article describes our efforts to develop a meso-scale in-plane tiling technique for fiber-reinforced composite laminates. Such a technique expands the design space of the laminate, and the ability to tailor local laminate properties may provide a means, for example, to mitigate stress concentrations that arise in places such as along free edges of the laminate. Preliminary fabrication of tiled laminates produced material with an elastic modulus that is nearly equal to that of continuously reinforced laminates; however, the strength of these first specimens was significantly reduced. Finite element analyses were then performed to characterize the effects of features unique to tiled composite laminates, such as the existence of resin-rich tile-to-tile interfaces, and to explore the effects of relative arrangement of tiles through the thickness of the laminate. This led to a novel composite joint geometry as well as recommendations to minimize strength reduction. Strength retention of laminates fabricated using the new design guidelines was experimentally found to exceed 92% in comparison with the traditional analogs. Finally, we discuss the potential application of composite tiling for the suppression of free-edge delamination. C1 [Baucom, J. N.; Thomas, J. P.; Pogue, W. R., III] USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Qidwai, M. A. Siddiq] USN, Res Lab, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Baucom, JN (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Code 6350, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jared.baucom@nrl.navy.mil OI Qidwai, Siddiq/0000-0002-2389-118X FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Research Laboratory; DoD FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support of this study by the Office of Naval Research and Naval Research Laboratory under the Core Research Program. This study was supported in part by a grant of computer time from the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program at ASC. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0021-9983 J9 J COMPOS MATER JI J. Compos Mater. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 44 IS 26 BP 3115 EP 3132 DI 10.1177/0021998310373516 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 690IC UT WOS:000284995400003 ER PT J AU Weiss, SN Huang, LL Massa, L AF Weiss, Stewart N. Huang, Lulu Massa, Lou TI A Generalized Higher Order Kernel Energy Approximation Method SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE quantum mechanics; interaction energy; biological molecules; graph theory; efficient energy calculation ID GROUND-STATE ENERGIES; LARGE MOLECULES; BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES; DENSITY AB We present a general mathematical model that can be used to improve almost all fragment-based methods for ab initio calculation of total molecular energy. Fragment-based methods of computing total molecular energy mathematically decompose a molecule into smaller fragments, quantum-mechanically compute the energies of single and multiple fragments, and then combine the computed fragment energies in some particular way to compute the total molecular energy. Because the kernel energy method (KEM) is a fragment-based method that has been used with much success on many biological molecules, our model is presented in the context of the KEM in particular. In this generalized model, the total energy is not based on sums of all possible double-, triple-, and quadruple-kernel interactions, but on the interactions of precisely those combinations of kernels that are connected in the mathematical graph that represents the fragmented molecule. This makes it possible to estimate total molecular energy with high accuracy and no superfluous computation and greatly extends the utility of the KEM and other fragment-based methods. We demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of our model by presenting how it has been used on the yeast initiator tRNA molecule, ytRN(i)(Met) (1YFG in the Protein Data Bank), with kernel computations using the Hartree-Fock equations with a limited basis of Gaussian STO-3G type. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 31: 2889-2899, 2010 C1 [Weiss, Stewart N.] CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Comp Sci, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Weiss, Stewart N.] CUNY, Grad Ctr, Dept Comp Sci, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Huang, Lulu] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Massa, Lou] CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Massa, Lou] CUNY, Grad Ctr, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Weiss, SN (reprint author), CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Comp Sci, 695 Pk Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM stewart.weiss@hunter.cuny.edu NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 31 IS 16 BP 2889 EP 2899 DI 10.1002/jcc.21584 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 672VT UT WOS:000283615800008 PM 20564332 ER PT J AU Kaplowitz, DA Jouet, RJ Zachariah, MR AF Kaplowitz, Dan A. Jouet, R. J. Zachariah, Michael R. TI Aerosol synthesis and reactive behavior of faceted aluminum nanocrystals SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE Growth from vapor; Aerosol; Metals; Nanocrystals ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; WIRE EXPLOSION PROCESS; NANOPARTICLE OXIDATION; TRIISOBUTYLALUMINUM; POWDER; MECHANISM; SURFACES; FILMS AB We show a low temperature gas-phase synthesis route to produce faceted aluminum crystals in the aerosol phase Use of tnisobutylaluminum whose decomposition temperature is below the melting point of elemental aluminum enabled us to grow nanocrystals from its vapor TEM shows both polyhedral crystalline and spherical particle morphologies but with the addition of an annealing furnace one can significantly enhance the production of just the polyhedral particles The results on surface passivation with oxygen suggest that these nanocrystals are less pyrophoric than the corresponding spherical aluminum nanoparticles and combustion tests show an increase in energy release compared to commercial nanoaluminum (C) 2010 Elsevier BV All rights reserved C1 [Kaplowitz, Dan A.; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Kaplowitz, Dan A.; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Jouet, R. J.] USN, Indian Head Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Zachariah, MR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency; University of Maryland Center for Energetic Concepts Development (CECD); Maryland NanoCenter; NSF FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency the University of Maryland Center for Energetic Concepts Development (CECD) and the Maryland NanoCenter and its NispLab The NispLab is supported in part by the NSF as MRSEC shared experimental facility We would also like to thank Christopher Bunker at the Air Force Research Laboratory for detailed discussions supporting this work and assistance with characterization of the materials NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD DEC 1 PY 2010 VL 312 IS 24 BP 3625 EP 3630 DI 10.1016/jjcrysgro.2010.09.015 PG 6 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 689HD UT WOS:000284917800014 ER PT J AU Oweis, GF Winkel, ES Cutbrith, JM Ceccio, SL Perlin, M Dowling, DR AF Oweis, Ghanem F. Winkel, Eric S. Cutbrith, James M. Ceccio, Steven L. Perlin, Marc Dowling, David R. TI The mean velocity profile of a smooth-flat-plate turbulent boundary layer at high Reynolds number SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE turbulent boundary layers ID FRICTION DRAG REDUCTION; INTERMEDIATE REGION; WALL; FLOWS; INTENSITY; CHANNEL; BALANCE; STRESS; LAW AB Smooth flat-plate turbulent boundary layers (TBLs) have been studied for nearly a century. However, there is a relative dearth of measurements at Reynolds numbers typical of full-scale marine and aerospace transportation systems (Re(theta) = U(e)theta/nu > 10(5), where U(e) = free-stream speed, theta = TBL momentum thickness and nu = kinematic viscosity). This paper presents new experimental results for the TBL that forms on a smooth flat plate at nominal Re(theta) values of 0.5 x 10(5), 1.0 x 10(5) and 1.5 x 10(5). Nominal boundary layer thicknesses (delta) were 80-90 mm, and Karman numbers (delta(+)) were 17 000, 32 000 and 47 000, respectively. The experiments were conducted in the William B. Morgan Large Cavitation Channel on a polished (k(+) < 0.2) flat-plate test model 12.9m long and 3.05 m wide at water flow speeds up to 20 ms(-1). Direct measurements of static pressure and mean wall shear stress were obtained with pressure taps and floating-plate skin friction force balances. The TBL developed a mild favourable pressure gradient that led to a streamwise flow speed increase of similar to 2.5% over the 11 m long test surface, and was consistent with test section sidewall and model surface boundarylayer growth. At each Re(theta), mean streamwise velocity profile pairs, separated by 24 cm, were measured more than 10 m from the model's leading edge using conventional laser Doppler velocimetry. Between these profile pairs, a unique near-wall implementation of particle tracking velocimetry was used to measure the near-wall velocity profile. The composite profile measurements span the wall-normal coordinate range from y(+) < 1 to y > 2 delta. To within experimental uncertainty, the measured mean velocity profiles can be fit using traditional zero-pressure-gradient (ZPG) TBL asymptotics with some modifications for the mild favourable pressure gradient. The fitted profile pairs satisfy the von-Karman momentum integral equation to within 1%. However, the profiles reported here show distinct differences from equivalent ZPG profiles. The near-wall indicator function has more prominent extrema, the log-law constants differ slightly, and the profiles' wake component is less pronounced. C1 [Winkel, Eric S.; Ceccio, Steven L.; Dowling, David R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Oweis, Ghanem F.] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Mech Engn, Fac Engn & Architecture, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon. [Cutbrith, James M.] USN, Carderock Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, WB Morgan Large Cavitat Channel, Memphis, TN 38113 USA. [Perlin, Marc] Univ Michigan, Dept Naval Architecture & Marine Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Dowling, DR (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM drd@umich.edu FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to thank the technical staff of the US Navy's William B. Morgan Large Cavitation Channel, especially Mr R. Etter. In addition, Mr K. Pruss, Mr W. Kirkpatrick and co-workers of the University of Michigan machine shops contributed substantially to the construction of the test model and instrumentation. Mr D. Brown of the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory and Dr H. Petrie of the Pennsylvania State University provided helpful insight and advice. This research was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (Dr L. Porter, Program Manager) and the Office of Naval Research (Dr L. P. Purtell, Program Manager). The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the position or the policy of the United States Government, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 42 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 20 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 665 BP 357 EP 381 DI 10.1017/S0022112010003952 PG 25 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 696WT UT WOS:000285472800013 ER PT J AU Effler, SW Perkins, M Peng, F Strait, C Weidemann, AD Auer, MT AF Effler, Steven W. Perkins, MaryGail Peng, Feng Strait, Christopher Weidemann, Alan D. Auer, Martin T. TI Light-absorbing components in Lake Superior SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Lake Superior; Light absorption; Minerogenic particles; Remote sensing ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; ABSORPTION SPECTRAL SLOPES; NEW-YORK; MINEROGENIC PARTICLES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ONONDAGA LAKE; FINGER LAKES; SCATTERING; CHLOROPHYLL; WATERS AB Features of light absorption are critical to optical aspects of water quality and in regulating the signal available for remote sensing. Spectral characteristics and spatial patterns of light-absorbing components, and their relationships with optically active constituents, are documented for the Sturgeon River, Keweenaw Bay, and Lake Superior based on analyses of samples collected on two cruises (2006 and 2007, 20 sites). The absorption coefficient, a (m(-1)), is partitioned according to the additive components (a(x)) of colored dissolved organic matter (a(CDOM)), non-algal particles (a(NAP)), phytoplankton (a(phi),), and water itself (a(w): known). The role of minerogenic particles and their iron content in regulating amp is evaluated based on paired measurements by an individual particle analysis technique (Peng et al., 2009), through empirical analyses and Mie theory calculations of absorption by these particles (a(m)). Spectral characteristics of amp and a(phi)) were consistent with those reported for other case 2 (i.e., phytoplankton not dominant) systems. However, the slope values that describe a(CDOM) spectra for the bay and the lake were unusually low, suggesting an atypical composition for the lake's CDOM. The dominant absorbing component in the blue wavelengths was CDOM, representing >= 75% of a at a wavelength of 440 nm at all sites in the 2006 survey. A general gradient in both a(CDOM) and a(NAP) extended from the Sturgeon River, through the bay, into eastern Lake Superior in that survey. Relationships between a(x) and optically active constituents were within the broad ranges reported for other case 2 systems. Minerogenic particles, related to their iron content, are demonstrated to be an important component of a(NAP). (C) 2010 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Effler, Steven W.; Perkins, MaryGail; Peng, Feng; Strait, Christopher] Upstate Freshwater Inst, Syracuse, NY 13214 USA. [Weidemann, Alan D.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Auer, Martin T.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Effler, SW (reprint author), Upstate Freshwater Inst, POB 506, Syracuse, NY 13214 USA. EM sweffler@upstatefreshwater.org OI Peng, Feng/0000-0002-3616-1063 FU Naval Research Laboratory FX Funding for this research was provided in part by Naval Research Laboratory for the "Lidar and hyperspectral remote sensing of the littoral environment" project. Sampling and field optical measurements were assisted by Tony Prestigiacomo aboard the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's R/V Lake Guardian (pelagic waters of lake Superior) and Michigan Technological University's R/V Agassiz (Keweenaw Bay). Laboratory analyses of absorption and chlorophyll a concentrations were performed by Lingsen Zhang and Whitney Forbes, respectively. U.S. EPA graciously contributed ship time aboard the R/V Lake Guardian to Michigan Tech as part of a cruise combining graduate instruction and value-added research. This is contribution 275 of the Upstate Freshwater Institute. NR 47 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 36 IS 4 BP 656 EP 665 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2010.08.001 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 692QN UT WOS:000285170300009 ER PT J AU Joye, CD Calame, JP Garven, M Levush, B AF Joye, Colin D. Calame, Jeffrey P. Garven, Morag Levush, Baruch TI UV-LIGA microfabrication of 220 GHz sheet beam amplifier gratings with SU-8 photoresists SO JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID HIGH-ASPECT-RATIO; COPPER ELECTRODEPOSITION; ADDITIVES; MICROSTRUCTURES; LITHOGRAPHY; MICROVIA; REMOVAL; CATHODE; PULSE AB Microfabrication techniques have been developed using ultraviolet photolithography (UV-LIGA) with SU-8 photoresists to create advanced sheet beam amplifier circuits for the next generation of vacuum electron traveling wave amplifiers in the 210-220 GHz (G-band) frequency regime. We describe methods that have led to successfully fabricated millimeter wave circuits, including applying ultra-thick SU-8 photoresist layers on copper, copper electroforming solutions, and the challenging removal of the SU-8 photoresists. A table of experimental liquid SU-8 removal chemistries and results is also presented. C1 [Joye, Colin D.; Calame, Jeffrey P.; Levush, Baruch] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Garven, Morag] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. RP Joye, CD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6840, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM colin.joye@nrl.navy.mil FU US Office of Naval Research FX Funding for this work was provided by the US Office of Naval Research. The authors wish to acknowledge the work of Dr R Bass of NRL Code 6853 for procuring the masks, and Mr B S Albright and Mr L N Blankenship for technical assistance. NR 34 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 24 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0960-1317 J9 J MICROMECH MICROENG JI J. Micromech. Microeng. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 20 IS 12 AR 125016 DI 10.1088/0960-1317/20/12/125016 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 688CX UT WOS:000284828500016 ER PT J AU Readnower, RD Chavko, M Adeeb, S Conroy, MD Pauly, JR McCarron, RM Sullivan, PG AF Readnower, Ryan D. Chavko, Mikulas Adeeb, Saleena Conroy, Michael D. Pauly, James R. McCarron, Richard M. Sullivan, Patrick G. TI Increase in Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability, Oxidative Stress, and Activated Microglia in a Rat Model of Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE traumatic brain injury; oxidative stress; inflammation; blood-brain barrier; PK11195 ID BENZODIAZEPINE BINDING-SITES; PERIPHERAL BENZODIAZEPINE; INDUCED NEUROTRAUMA; HEAD-INJURY; EXERCISE PERFORMANCE; NEURONAL DEATH; LUNG INJURY; MOUSE MODEL; TIME-COURSE; EXPOSURE AB Traumatic brain injury (TBI) as a consequence of exposure to blast is increasingly prevalent in military populations, with the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms mostly unknown. In the present study, we utilized an air-driven shock tube to investigate the effects of blast exposure (120 kPa) on rat brains. Immediately following exposure to blast, neurological function was reduced. BBB permeability was measured using IgG antibody and evaluating its immunoreactivity in the brain. At 3 and 24 hr postexposure, there was a transient significant increase in IgG staining in the cortex. At 3 days postexposure, IgG immunoreactivity returned to control levels. Quantitative immunostaining was employed to determine the temporal course of brain oxidative stress following exposure to blast. Levels of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) were significantly increased at 3 hr postexposure and returned to control levels at 24 hr postexposure. The response of microglia to blast exposure was determined by autoradiographic localization of H-3-PK11195 binding. At 5 days postexposure, increased binding was observed in the contralateral and ipsilateral dentate gyrus. These regions also displayed increased binding at 10 days postexposure; in addition to these regions there was increased binding in the contralateral ventral hippocampus and substantia nigra at this time point. By using antibodies against CD11b/c, microglia morphology characteristic of activated microglia was observed in the hippocampus and substantia nigra of animals exposed to blast. These results indicate that BBB breakdown, oxidative stress, and microglia activation likely play a role in the neuropathology associated with TBI as a result of blast exposure. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Readnower, Ryan D.; Conroy, Michael D.; Pauly, James R.; Sullivan, Patrick G.] Univ Kentucky, Spinal Cord & Brain Injury Res Ctr, Lexington, KY USA. [Chavko, Mikulas; Adeeb, Saleena; McCarron, Richard M.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Sullivan, PG (reprint author), 741 S Limestone,BBSRB 475, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM patsull@email.uky.edu FU Office of Naval Research Work Unit [601153N.04508.5180.A0805]; National Institutes of Health [5T32 DA022738] FX Contract grant sponsor: Office of Naval Research Work Unit 601153N.04508.5180.A0805; Contract grant sponsor: National Institutes of Health; Contract grant number: 5T32 DA022738. NR 62 TC 91 Z9 94 U1 4 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0360-4012 J9 J NEUROSCI RES JI J. Neurosci. Res. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 88 IS 16 BP 3530 EP 3539 DI 10.1002/jnr.22510 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 679WJ UT WOS:000284191200011 PM 20882564 ER PT J AU Wachs, JP Kolsch, M Goshorn, D AF Wachs, Juan P. Koelsch, Mathias Goshorn, Deborah TI Human posture recognition for intelligent vehicles SO JOURNAL OF REAL-TIME IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Articulated body posture recognition; Pose detection; Computer vision; Gesture recognition; Syntactical behavior classifiers; Error correction ID PEDESTRIAN DETECTION; CLASSIFICATION; FEATURES AB Pedestrian detection systems are finding their way into many modern "intelligent" vehicles. The body posture could reveal further insight about the pedestrian's intent and her awareness of the oncoming car. This article details the algorithms and implementation of a library for real-time body posture recognition. It requires prior person detection and then calculates overall stance, torso orientation in four increments, and head location and orientation, all based on individual frames. A syntactic post-processing module takes temporal information into account and smoothes the results over time while correcting improbable configurations. We show accuracy and timing measurements for the library and its utilization in a training application. C1 [Wachs, Juan P.] Purdue Univ, Sch Ind Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Koelsch, Mathias; Goshorn, Deborah] USN, Postgrad Sch, MOVES Inst, Monterey, CA USA. RP Wachs, JP (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Ind Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM jpwachs@purdue.edu OI Wachs, Juan/0000-0002-6425-5745 FU Office of Naval Research FX This research was supported by a grant from the Office of Naval Research and it was performed while the first author held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Postgraduate School. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1861-8200 EI 1861-8219 J9 J REAL-TIME IMAGE PR JI J. Real-Time Image Process. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 5 IS 4 SI SI BP 231 EP 244 DI 10.1007/s11554-010-0150-0 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 681PX UT WOS:000284330400003 ER PT J AU Nichols, JM Seaver, M Trickey, ST Scandell, K Salvino, LW Aktas, E AF Nichols, J. M. Seaver, M. Trickey, S. T. Scandell, K. Salvino, L. W. Aktas, E. TI Real-Time Strain Monitoring of a Navy Vessel During Open Water Transit SO JOURNAL OF SHIP RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE fiber optics; U S Navy; vessel management ID SENSORS; SYSTEM AB In this work we describe the installation of a real-time, fiber-optic strain monitoring system aboard a US Navy vessel undergoing sea trials The system is lightweight, unintrusive, corrosion resistant, and provides dynamic strain response measurements from direct current (DC) up to 360 Hz Also described are the data acquisition and subsequent analysis The goals of the study were to demonstrate a fiber-optic strain monitoring system under real world conditions and to better understand the source of deck cracking above an area housing mission-critical components The results of the two-day trial indicate that there exist large stresses in the deck plate during normal ship operation Based on the results, it is clear that ship maneuvers, slewing of the radar located on the deck plate, and Insolation-related effects are not the primary source of the observed stress C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Scandell, K.; Salvino, L. W.] USN, Sea Syst Command, Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOC NAVAL ARCH MARINE ENG PI JERSEY CITY PA 601 PAVONIA AVENUE, JERSEY CITY, NJ 07306 USA SN 0022-4502 J9 J SHIP RES JI J. Ship Res. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 54 IS 4 BP 225 EP 230 PG 6 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 683CX UT WOS:000284450400001 ER PT J AU Mansour, AN Badway, F Yoon, WS Chung, KY Amatucci, GG AF Mansour, A. N. Badway, F. Yoon, W-S. Chung, K. Y. Amatucci, G. G. TI In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopic investigation of the electrochemical conversion reactions of CuF2-MoO3 nanocomposite SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Copper fluorides; Conversion reactions; Energy storage; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Redox couple; Lithium batteries; Nanocomposite ID NEAR-EDGE-STRUCTURE; FINE-STRUCTURE; FLUORIDE NANOCOMPOSITES; REVERSIBLE FORMATION; METAL FLUORIDES; CLUSTERS; LITHIUM; CU; DIFFRACTION; BATTERIES AB We have used X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Cu K-edge to investigate the electrochemical conversion reaction of 20 nm size 85 wt% CuF2-15 wt% MoO3 nanocomposite under in situ conditions. The nanocomposite was prepared by high energy milling. Upon discharge, the lithiation reaction with the nanocomposite resulted in the formation of nanophase metallic Cu, which is consistent with the conversion of CuF2 into Cu and LiF. Based on XANES and Fourier transforms of EXAFS spectra, we show that the discharge process proceeded via the formation of highly dispersed Cu particles. Based on the coordination number of the first shell of Cu, the average size of the Cu particles was estimated to be in the 1-3 nm range in the fully discharged state. (c) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Mansour, A. N.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Syst & Mat Power & Protect Branch, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Badway, F.; Amatucci, G. G.] Rutgers State Univ, Energy Storage Res Grp, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, N Brunswick, NJ 08902 USA. [Yoon, W-S.] Kookmin Univ, Sch Adv Mat Eng, Seoul 136702, South Korea. [Chung, K. Y.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Battery Res Ctr, Seoul 136791, South Korea. RP Mansour, AN (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Syst & Mat Power & Protect Branch, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM Azzam.Mansour@navy.mil RI Yoon, Won-Sub/H-2343-2011; Chung, Kyung Yoon/E-4646-2011 OI Chung, Kyung Yoon/0000-0002-1273-746X FU Carderock Division of the Naval Surface Warfare Center [0601152N]; U.S. Government; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Priority Research Centers [2009-0093814]; CMPS of MEST/NRF [R11-2005-048-00000-0] FX ANM acknowledges support by the Carderock Division of the Naval Surface Warfare Center's In-house Laboratory Independent Research Program administrated under ONR's Program Element 0601152N. GGA acknowledges support by the U.S. Government. The XAS experiments were conducted at the National Synchrotron Light Source of Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract no. DE-AC02-98CH10886. This work at Kookmin University was supported by Priority Research Centers Program (2009-0093814) and the CMPS (R11-2005-048-00000-0) of MEST/NRF. NR 47 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 42 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 183 IS 12 BP 3029 EP 3038 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2010.09.029 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 696GY UT WOS:000285431100040 ER PT J AU Smith, HE Kerr, SM Fehlings, MG Chapman, J Maltenfort, M Zavlasky, J Harris, E Albert, TJ Harrop, J Hilibrand, AS Anderson, DG Vaccaro, AR AF Smith, Harvey E. Kerr, Stewart M. Fehlings, Michael G. Chapman, Jens Maltenfort, Mitchell Zavlasky, James Harris, Eric Albert, Todd J. Harrop, James Hilibrand, Alan S. Anderson, D. Greg Vaccaro, Alexander R. TI Trends in Epidemiology and Management of Type II Odontoid Fractures 20-Year Experience at a Model System Spine Injury Tertiary Referral Center SO JOURNAL OF SPINAL DISORDERS & TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE type II odontoid fracture; spine trauma ID ANTERIOR SCREW FIXATION; CERVICAL-SPINE; DENS FRACTURES; MYELOPATHY; REMOTE; AXIS AB Study Design: A retrospective cohort study of consecutive type II Odontoid fractures presenting to a Level 1 Regional Model Systems Spinal Cord Injury Center between June 1985 and July 2006. Objective: To assess trends in management of type II Odontoid fractures presenting to a Level 1 Model Systems Regional Spinal Cord Injury Center over a 20-year period. Summary of Background Data: Type II Odontoid fracture management is controversial, and a majority of studies have had relatively small cohorts. There is no consensus regarding definitive treatment, particularly in older patients. Methods: Medical records of 263 consecutive type II Odontoid fractures from June 1985 to July 2006 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were excluded if they had neurologic deficits, nonacute fracture, or ambiguous fracture classification. A cohort of 192 neurologically intact, acute type II odontoid fractures were identified. Admission records were reviewed for age, date of injury, date of admission, date of discharge, mechanism of injury, associated injuries, medical comorbidities, and radiologic findings. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in the rate of presentation of type II odontoid fractures with time. The average age and medical comorbidities of the patient did not change over time. The probability of operative management markedly increased over time, corresponding to a statistically significant increase in length of hospital stay for patients undergoing surgery. The discharge disposition correlated significantly to both age of the patient and associated injuries. Conclusions: The number and frequency of type II odontoid fractures compared with other spine injuries seems to be increasing over the last 2 decades, which may be correlated with the increasing number of elderly persons in the population, given that referral patterns have been unchanged at our institution. Prospective outcomes data are needed to better elucidate optimal treatment algorithms from both, an outcomes and cost-efficacy perspective. C1 [Smith, Harvey E.] Methodist Hosp, Ctr Orthopaed Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kerr, Stewart M.] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Harrop, James] Thomas Jefferson Univ Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. [Fehlings, Michael G.] Univ Toronto, Div Neurosurg, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. [Chapman, Jens] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Seattle, WA USA. [Chapman, Jens] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Neurol Surg, Seattle, WA USA. [Harris, Eric] Thomas Jefferson Univ Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. [Zavlasky, James; Albert, Todd J.; Hilibrand, Alan S.; Anderson, D. Greg; Vaccaro, Alexander R.] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. [Maltenfort, Mitchell] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Neurol Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. [Albert, Todd J.; Hilibrand, Alan S.; Anderson, D. Greg; Vaccaro, Alexander R.] Rothman Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Smith, HE (reprint author), Methodist Hosp, Ctr Orthopaed Surg, 6550 Fannin,Smith Tower 25th Floor, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM Harveysmith27@gmail.com RI AOCID, AO Foundation/R-6455-2016 FU AO Spine North America, a nonprofit public foundation FX This study was supported by a grant from the AO Spine North America, a nonprofit public foundation. NR 25 TC 28 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1536-0652 J9 J SPINAL DISORD TECH JI J. Spinal Disord. Tech. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 23 IS 8 BP 501 EP 505 DI 10.1097/BSD.0b013e3181cc43c7 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 689QG UT WOS:000284942700010 PM 20940632 ER PT J AU Trickey, JS Branstetter, BK Finneran, JJ AF Trickey, Jennifer S. Branstetter, Brian K. Finneran, James J. TI Auditory masking of a 10 kHz tone with environmental, comodulated, and Gaussian noise in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL RATIOS; CRITICAL BANDWIDTH; 3 PINNIPEDS; RELEASE; UNDERWATER; DURATION; PATTERN; BAND AB The pattern of auditory masking derived from Gaussian noise is often cited and used to predict the detrimental effects of masking noise on marine mammals. However, environmental noise (both anthropogenic and natural) may not always be Gaussian distributed. Some noise sources are highly structured with complex amplitude fluctuations that extend across frequency regions, which are often termed comodulated noise. Recent evidence with bottlenose dolphins using comodulated noise demonstrated a significant release from masking compared to Gaussian maskers of the same bandwidth and pressure spectral density level, a result known as comodulation masking release. The present study demonstrates a pattern of masking where both temporally fluctuating comodulated noise and environmental noise produce lower masked thresholds compared to Gaussian noise of the same spectral density level and bandwidth. Furthermore, a threshold reduction or "masking release" occurred when the environmental noise bandwidth increased beyond a critical band. These results provide further evidence that conventional models of auditory masking using Gaussian maskers (i.e., the power spectrum model) do not fully describe the masking effects that occur in realistic environments. (C) 2010 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3506367] C1 [Trickey, Jennifer S.] G2 Software Syst Inc, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. [Branstetter, Brian K.] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Finneran, James J.] USN, Marine Mammal Program, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Trickey, JS (reprint author), G2 Software Syst Inc, 4250 Pacific Highway,Suite 125, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. EM trickey@g2ss.com OI Trickey, Jennifer/0000-0002-6080-8744 FU Office of Naval Research FX We would like to thank Hitomi Aihara, Linda Green, Erik Robinson, Megan Sloan, and Megan Tormey for animal training, and Patrick Moore for helpful suggestions and technical support. Financial support was provided by the Office of Naval Research. We would also like to thank two anonymous reviewers for suggestions on an earlier draft. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 11 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 128 IS 6 BP 3799 EP 3804 DI 10.1121/1.3506367 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 704OF UT WOS:000286061600055 PM 21218911 ER PT J AU Fritz, BK Hoffmann, WC Farooq, M Walker, T Bonds, J AF Fritz, Bradley K. Hoffmann, W. Clint Farooq, Muhammad Walker, Todd Bonds, Jane TI FILTRATION EFFECTS DUE TO BIOASSAY CAGE DESIGN AND SCREEN TYPE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Bioassay cages; spray flux; spray filtration ID COLLECTION EFFICIENCY; MOSQUITO BIOASSAY; ULV MALATHION; DROPLET SIZE; AIR-FLOW; PENETRATION; SAMPLERS; AEROSOLS AB The use of bioassay cages in the efficacy assessment of pesticides, application techniques, and technologies is common practice using numerous cage designs, which vary in both shape and size as well as type of mesh. The objective of this work was to examine various cage shapes and mesh types for their filtration effects on air speed, spray droplet size, and spray volume. Reductions in wind speed and droplet size seen inside the cages were measured by placing cages in a low-speed wind tunnel at air speeds of 0.5 m/sec, 1 m/sec, 2 m/sec, and 4 m/sec and cage face orientations (relative to the air stream) of 0 degrees, 10 degrees, 22.5 degrees, and 45 degrees. Reduction in spray volume inside a select number of cages was also evaluated under similar conditions. Generally, greater air speed reductions were seen at lower external air speeds with overall reductions ranging from 30% to 88%, depending on cage type and tunnel air speed. Cages constructed with screens of lower porosities and smaller cylindrical-shaped cages tended to provide greater resistance to air flow and spray volume. Overall, spray droplet size inside the cages was minimally reduced by 0-10%. There was a 32-100% reduction in concentration of the spray volume applied relative to that recovered inside the bioassay cages, depending on the cage geometry and screening material used. In general, concentration reductions were greatest at lower air speeds and for cages with lower porosity screens. As a result of this work, field researchers involved in assessing the efficacy of vector control applications will have a better understanding of the air speed and spray volume entering insect bioassay cages, relative to the amount applied, resulting in better recommended application techniques and dosage levels. C1 [Fritz, Bradley K.; Hoffmann, W. Clint] ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Farooq, Muhammad; Walker, Todd] USN, Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. [Bonds, Jane] Florida A&M Univ, Publ Hlth Entomol Res & Educ Ctr, Panama City, FL 32405 USA. RP Fritz, BK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. FU Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board FX This study was supported in part by a grant from the Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program, funded by the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 26 IS 4 BP 411 EP 421 DI 10.2987/10-6031.1 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 697QI UT WOS:000285529800007 PM 21290937 ER PT J AU Farooq, M Walker, TW Heintschel, BP Hoffmann, WC Fritz, BK Smith, VL Robinson, CA English, T AF Farooq, Muhammad Walker, Todd W. Heintschel, Bryan P. Hoffmann, Wesley C. Fritz, Bradley K. Smith, Vincent L. Robinson, Cathy A. English, Trey TI IMPACT OF ELECTROSTATIC AND CONVENTIONAL SPRAYERS CHARACTERISTICS ON DISPERSION OF BARRIER SPRAY SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Charge-mass ratio; evaluation; barrier sprays; residual spray; mosquito control ID MOSQUITO-CONTROL; CROSS-FLOW AB A study was conducted to analyze the performance of 3 electrostatic (Electrolon BP2.5 (TM), Spectrum Electrostatic 4010, and Spectrum Electrostatic head on a Stihl 420) and 2 conventional (Buffalo Turbine CSM2 and Stihl 420) sprayers for barrier sprays to suppress an adult mosquito population in an enclosed area. Sprayer characteristics such as charge-mass ratio, air velocity, flow rate, and droplet spectra were measured while spraying water. Dispersion of the spray cloud from these sprayers was determined using coverage on water-sensitive cards at various heights (0.5 m, 1.0 m, 1.5 m, 2.0 m, 2.5 m, and 3.0 m) and depths (I m, 3 m, and 5 m) into the under-forest vegetation while spraying bifenthrin (Talstar (TM) 7.9% AI; FMC Corporation, Philadelphia, PA) at the rate of 21.8 ml/300 m of treated row. The charge-mass ratio data show that Electrostatic head on a Stihl 420 did not impart enough charge to the droplets to be considered as an electrostatic sprayer. In general, the charged spray cloud moved down toward the ground. The Electrolon BP 2.5 had significantly lower spray coverage on cards, indicating lack of spray dispersion. This sprayer had the lowest air velocity and did not have the air capacity needed to deliver droplets close to the target for electrostatic force to affect deposition. The analysis shows that these 2 sprayers are not a suitable choice for barrier sprays on vegetation. The results indicate that the Buffalo Turbine is suitable for barriers wider than 3 m, and the Spectrum 4010 and Stihl 420 are suitable for 1-3-m-wide barriers. C1 [Farooq, Muhammad; Walker, Todd W.; Heintschel, Bryan P.; Smith, Vincent L.; Robinson, Cathy A.] USN, Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. [Hoffmann, Wesley C.; Fritz, Bradley K.] ARS, USDA, Area Wide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. [English, Trey] Adapco, Sanford, FL 32771 USA. RP Farooq, M (reprint author), USN, Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. FU U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) FX This study was supported in part by a grant from the Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program, funded by the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). We thank Eric Paulsen of CMAVE Gainesville for fabrication of the test bench. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 26 IS 4 BP 422 EP 429 DI 10.2987/09-5891.1 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 697QI UT WOS:000285529800008 PM 21290938 ER PT J AU Miller, JS Hoel, LA Smith, MM AF Miller, John S. Hoel, Lester A. Smith, Michelle M. TI Evaluating Unplanned Stand-Alone Transportation Projects: Linking Incremental and Comprehensive Planning SO JOURNAL OF URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Evaluation; Planning; Decision making; Urban development; Transportation corridors ID GROWTH MANAGEMENT; STATES AB Transportation agencies may review proposed projects that were not examined as part of the long range planning process. Typically, these projects require an immediate response and lack detailed data. This paper describes a methodology to assess such unplanned or "stand-alone" transportation projects and applies it to two case studies: a large development involving several major new highway sections and a pedestrian crossing of a four-lane arterial bisecting residential and commercial areas. The methodology specifies the trade-offs and uncertainties of the proposed stand-alone projects. For example, adding phasing to an existing signal resulted in a lower capital cost, and a lower feasibility of pedestrian use, than constructing an overpass. Yet, neither alternative assures crash risk is minimized because the extent of pedestrian compliance with traffic laws is not known. The outcome is thus a timely clarification of each alternative's advantages which can be compared to existing policies. Limitations are the availability of site-specific knowledge, the willingness to articulate difficult choices that are clarified by this work, and the feasibility of fully considering cumulative impacts. However, by formalizing the analysis of stand-alone projects, the methodology strengthens the link between such incremental decision making and comprehensive long range planning. C1 [Miller, John S.] Virginia Transportat Res Council, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Hoel, Lester A.] Univ Virginia, St Helena, CA 94574 USA. [Smith, Michelle M.] USN, Facil Engn Command, San Diego, CA 92101 USA. RP Miller, JS (reprint author), Virginia Transportat Res Council, 530 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. EM john.miller@vdot.virginia.gov; lah@virginia.edu; michellemarie6483@gmail.com NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9488 J9 J URBAN PLAN D-ASCE JI J. Urban Plan. Dev.-ASCE PD DEC PY 2010 VL 136 IS 4 BP 320 EP 329 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000032 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Urban Studies SC Engineering; Urban Studies GA 681BA UT WOS:000284280000005 ER PT J AU Pema, E Mehay, S AF Pema, Elda Mehay, Stephen TI The role of job assignment and human capital endowments in explaining gender differences in job performance and promotion SO LABOUR ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Gender gap in pay and promotions; Job assignment; Fast tracks; Internal labor markets ID ECONOMICS PROFESSION; LABOR-MARKET; PAY; SEX; EARNINGS; SALARIES; LADDERS; GROWTH; FIRM AB We test a job ladders theory of career progression within internal labor markets as developed by Lazear and Rosen (1990). The theory argues that gender promotion gaps are due to sorting of men and women into career tracks with different promotion opportunities based on ex ante quit probabilities. Analyzing US federal government employees using a dynamic unobserved panel data model, we find that job assignment is one of the strongest predictors of gender differences in promotion. We also find that women have to jump higher performance hurdles to promote across grades, but, within grades, their promotion probabilities are comparable to those of men. In this organization, women can be found in both fast-and slow-track jobs, based on their promotion history, suggesting that unobserved heterogeneity is revealed to the firm over the worker's career. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pema, Elda; Mehay, Stephen] USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Pema, E (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, 555 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM epema@nps.edu NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-5371 J9 LABOUR ECON JI Labour Econ. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 17 IS 6 BP 998 EP 1009 DI 10.1016/j.labeco.2010.02.006 PG 12 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 692DC UT WOS:000285130700012 ER PT J AU Ray, RI Lee, JS Little, BJ Gerke, TL AF Ray, R. I. Lee, J. S. Little, B. J. Gerke, T. L. TI The anatomy of tubercles: A corrosion study in a fresh water estuary SO MATERIALS AND CORROSION-WERKSTOFFE UND KORROSION LA English DT Article ID BACTERIOGENIC IRON-OXIDES; DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEM; BIOMINERALIZATION; PRECIPITATION; SCALES; GROWTH; PIPES AB The structure and mineralogy of corrosion products formed on carbon steel coupons exposed in Duluth Superior Harbor (DSH, USA), were investigated and compared with corrosion products on similar substrata from other locations. Corrosion products in DSH form within a few months each year and are removed by ice scour and reform. The corrosion products formed in DSH are tubercles with an outer surface, an inner shell of magnetite, and a core of iron(III) oxyhydroxides, goethite, and lepidocrocite, in association with stalks produced by bacteria. In general, the tubercles formed in DSH are similar in morphology and mineralogy to corrosion products described for carbon steel and cast iron exposed to treated waters in decades-old drinking water and cooling water systems. DSH tubercles are unique in several structural details. DSH tubercles increase areal coverage of the substratum by consolidation of tubercles. Furthermore, the core material extends into the pit and is an exact replica of the pit profile. C1 [Ray, R. I.; Lee, J. S.; Little, B. J.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Gerke, T. L.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Little, BJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7303,Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM blittle@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [0601153N]; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Detroit District FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research Program element 0601153N (6.1 Research Program) and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Detroit District. NRL Publication number NRL/JA/7330-10-0254. We thank Timothy Phillips, Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, for drafting Fig. 8. NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-5117 J9 MATER CORROS JI Mater. Corros. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 61 IS 12 BP 993 EP 999 DI 10.1002/maco.201005739 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 701DH UT WOS:000285794000003 ER PT J AU Mastro, MA Hardy, AW Boasso, A Shearer, GM Eddy, CR Kub, FJ AF Mastro, Michael A. Hardy, Andrew W. Boasso, Adriano Shearer, Gene M. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Kub, Francis J. TI Non-toxic inhibition of HIV-1 replication with silver-copper nanoparticles SO MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE HIV; Nanoparticles; Silver; Copper ID GP120; CELLS; SULFADIAZINE; APOPTOSIS; SIZE AB Cu and Ag-Cu mixed alloy nanoparticles displayed significant inhibition to HIV-1 replication with limited toxicity to human cells at relatively low concentrations of metal. A previous study (Elechiguerra et al. in J Nanobiotechnol 3:6-16, 2005) suggested a size-specific Ag nanoparticle can be tailored to block or damage the glycoprotein (gp) 120/gp41 spike or, more specifically, the invariant epitope at the gp120 binding site. Two different protocols were employed to test whether nanoparticles block entry of HIV-1, and in both instances the nanoparticles acted at some point other than initial binding. This work shows that Ag, Cu, and Ag-Cu mixed alloy metals display a chemically dependent inactivation of the target virus. C1 [Mastro, Michael A.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.; Kub, Francis J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hardy, Andrew W.] Vitae Pharmaceut, Ft Washington, PA USA. [Boasso, Adriano; Shearer, Gene M.] NCI, Expt Immunol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20910 USA. RP Mastro, MA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Code 6882,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.mastro@nrl.navy.mil OI Boasso, Adriano/0000-0001-9673-6319 FU Office of Naval Research FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU BIRKHAUSER BOSTON INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 675 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1054-2523 J9 MED CHEM RES JI Med. Chem. Res. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1074 EP 1081 DI 10.1007/s00044-009-9253-1 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 682VV UT WOS:000284432000006 ER PT J AU Robinson, GE AF Robinson, Glenn E. TI The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: A People's War SO MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Robinson, Glenn E.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Robinson, GE (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIDDLE EAST INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1761 N ST NW, CIRCULATION DEPT, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2882 USA SN 0026-3141 J9 MIDDLE EAST J JI Middle East J. PD WIN PY 2010 VL 64 IS 1 BP 134 EP 134 PG 1 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA 671EU UT WOS:000283483900013 ER PT J AU Mclay, R Spira, J Reeves, D AF McLay, Robert Spira, James Reeves, Dennis TI Use of Computerized Neuropsychological Testing to Help Determine Fitness to Return to Combat Operations When Taking Medication That Can Influence Cognitive Function SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; MONITORING RECOVERY; ASSESSMENT METRICS; PERFORMANCE; SOLDIERS; ANAM; IRAQ AB Nowhere is it more important to maintain peek mental functioning than in a combat zone. Conditions ranging from pain to head injury to post-traumatic stress disorder can cause impairments in neuropsychological function and place service members at risk. Medications can sometimes help alleviate these problems, but also have the risk of further slowing cognitive function or impairing reaction time. Standard methods of neuropsychological testing are often not available in a combat environment. New technologies are being advanced that can allow portable, computerized neuropsychological testing to be performed at almost any location. We present a case that demonstrates how the use of such handheld technology can assist a military physician in assessing the influence of medication on reaction time and in determining if and when a service member is ready to return to combat. C1 [McLay, Robert] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Mental Hlth, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Spira, James] RTI Int, San Diego, CA 92130 USA. [Reeves, Dennis] Def Ctr Excellence, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. RP Mclay, R (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Mental Hlth, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 175 IS 12 BP 945 EP 946 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 691KO UT WOS:000285078900004 PM 21265298 ER PT J AU Malvadkar, NA Hancock, MJ Sekeroglu, K Dressick, WJ Demirel, MC AF Malvadkar, Niranjan A. Hancock, Matthew J. Sekeroglu, Koray Dressick, Walter J. Demirel, Melik C. TI An engineered anisotropic nanofilm with unidirectional wetting properties SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CONTACT ANGLES; LIQUID-DROPS; RETENTION FORCES; SURFACES; ADHESION; FILMS; DROPLETS; MOTION; ROUGH AB Anisotropic textured surfaces allow water striders to walk on water, butterflies to shed water from their wings and plants to trap insects and pollen. Capturing these natural features in biomimetic surfaces is an active area of research. Here, we report an engineered nanofilm, composed of an array of poly(p-xylylene) nanorods, which demonstrates anisotropic wetting behaviour by means of a pin-release droplet ratchet mechanism. Droplet retention forces in the pin and release directions differ by up to 80 mu N, which is over ten times greater than the values reported for other engineered anisotropic surfaces. The nanofilm provides a microscale smooth surface on which to transport microlitre droplets, and is also relatively easy to synthesize by a bottom-up vapour-phase technique. An accompanying comprehensive model successfully describes the film's anisotropic wetting behaviour as a function of measurable film morphology parameters. C1 [Malvadkar, Niranjan A.; Sekeroglu, Koray; Demirel, Melik C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Malvadkar, Niranjan A.; Sekeroglu, Koray; Demirel, Melik C.] Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Hancock, Matthew J.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Dressick, Walter J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Demirel, MC (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM mdemirel@engr.psu.edu RI Hancock, Matthew/G-3859-2010; Malvadkar, Niranjan/E-8662-2010; Demirel, Melik/E-4495-2010; Demirel, Melik/E-3775-2016 OI Hancock, Matthew/0000-0001-9820-3620; Malvadkar, Niranjan/0000-0002-6763-8469; FU Pennsylvania State University; Office of Naval Research under the Naval Research Laboratory FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support for this work from the Pennsylvania State University and the Office of Naval Research under the Naval Research Laboratory Core 6.1 Research Program and the Young Investigator Program. We thank J. Bush for a number of useful discussions. NR 38 TC 176 Z9 181 U1 27 U2 191 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 EI 1476-4660 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 9 IS 12 BP 1023 EP 1028 DI 10.1038/NMAT2864 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 684CR UT WOS:000284525300024 PM 20935657 ER PT J AU Kim, H Melinger, JS Khachatrian, A Charipar, NA Auyeung, RCY Pique, A AF Kim, Heungsoo Melinger, Joseph S. Khachatrian, Ani Charipar, Nicholas A. Auyeung, Raymond C. Y. Pique, Alberto TI Fabrication of terahertz metamaterials by laser printing SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPLIT-RING RESONATORS; REFRACTION; INDEX AB A laser printing technique was used to fabricate split-ring resonators (SRRs) on Si substrates for terahertz (THz) metamaterials and their resonance behavior evaluated by THz time-domain spectroscopy. The laser-printed Ag SRRs exhibited sharp edge definition and excellent thickness uniformity, which resulted in an electromagnetic response similar to that from identical Au SRR structures prepared by conventional photolithography. These results demonstrate that laser printing is a practical alternative to conventional photolithography for fabricating metamaterial structures at terahertz frequencies, since it allows their design to be easily modified and optimized. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Kim, Heungsoo; Melinger, Joseph S.; Khachatrian, Ani; Charipar, Nicholas A.; Auyeung, Raymond C. Y.; Pique, Alberto] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kim, H (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM heungsoo.kim@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (ONR). NR 16 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 27 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2010 VL 35 IS 23 BP 4039 EP 4041 DI 10.1364/OL.35.004039 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 688EI UT WOS:000284832200061 PM 21124605 ER PT J AU Henning, A Gaines, RJ Carr, D Lambert, E AF Henning, Amy Gaines, Robert J. Carr, Donald Lambert, Edward TI Acute Compartment Syndrome of the Foot Following Fixation of a Pilon Variant Ankle Fracture SO ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article AB Acute traumatic compartment syndrome of the foot is a serious potential complication after fractures, crush injuries, or reperfusion injury after vascular repair. Foot compartment syndrome in association with injuries to the ankle is rare. This article presents a case of acute compartment syndrome of the foot following open reduction and internal fixation of an ankle fracture. A 16-year-old girl presented after sustaining a left ankle injury. Radiographs demonstrated a length-stable posterior and lateral malleolar ankle fracture. Initial treatment consisted of a bulky splint and crutches pending the improvement of her swelling. Over the course of a week, the soft tissue environment of the distal lower extremity improved, and the patient underwent open reduction and internal fixation of both her fibula and distal tibia through 2 approaches. Approximately 2 hours from the completion of surgery, the patient reported worsening pain over the medial aspect of her foot and into her calcaneus. Physical examination of the foot demonstrated a swollen and tense abductor hallicus and heel pad. Posterior tibial and dorsalis pedis pulses were palpable and her sensation was intact throughout her foot. C1 [Henning, Amy; Gaines, Robert J.; Carr, Donald; Lambert, Edward] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Bone & Joint Sports Med Inst, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Carr, Donald; Lambert, Edward] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Gaines, RJ (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Bone & Joint Sports Med Inst, 27 Effingham St, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM robert.gaines@med.navy.mil NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0147-7447 J9 ORTHOPEDICS JI Orthopedics PD DEC PY 2010 VL 33 IS 12 DI 10.3928/01477447-20101021-33 PG 6 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA V24SP UT WOS:000208430400001 ER PT J AU Donaldson, CJ Hoffer, ME Balough, BJ Gottshall, KR AF Donaldson, Chadwick J. Hoffer, Michael E. Balough, Ben J. Gottshall, Kim R. TI Prognostic assessments of medical therapy and vestibular testing in post-traumatic migraine-associated dizziness patients SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID BRAIN-INJURY; HISTORY; PROPHYLAXIS; DYSFUNCTION AB OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to characterize our clinical population of patients suffering with post-traumatic migraine-associated dizziness (PTMAD) and determine any associations with medical interventions and vestibular testing metrics to help predict response to treatments. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The electronic medical records of 83 patients presenting to a tertiary referral center who were given a diagnosis of PTMAD and who had been treated were retrospectively reviewed. General characteristics, clinical treatment, pre- and post-vestibular therapy testing metrics, and success and failure outcomes were assessed. Patients were assigned into responder and nonresponder groups related to their headaches and evaluated at two specific time points. Medication failures and vestibular test metrics were compared to identify and predict clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Seventy-two of 82 patients (88%) were analyzed at two time points. Use of verapamil, topiramate, gabapentin, amitryptiline, and valproic acid showed no comparative treatment benefit in responders compared to nonresponders (P = 0.294). Findings associated with successful treatments include response to initial medication (P = 0.001), final dynamic gait index (DGI) scores (P = 0.029), final vertical dynamic visual acuity test (DVAT) scores (up, 0.007; down, 0.006), and both final and change in computerized dynamic posturography-sensory organization test (CDP-SOT) scores (P = 0.001, P = 0.032). The antipsychotic quetiapine was specifically associated with outcome failures (P = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Specific prophylactic antimigraine medications were not associated with improved outcomes in PTMAD patients. Initial clinical responses and vestibular test metrics may guide physicians to predict successful outcomes. Copyright (C) 2010. Published by Mosby, Inc. C1 [Donaldson, Chadwick J.; Hoffer, Michael E.; Balough, Ben J.; Gottshall, Kim R.] USN, Spatial Orientat Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Donaldson, CJ (reprint author), USN, Spatial Orientat Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego Med Ctr, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 143 IS 6 BP 820 EP 825 DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2010.09.024 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 690BF UT WOS:000284974400015 PM 21109084 ER PT J AU Carstairs, SD Luk, JY Tomaszewski, CA Cantrell, FL AF Carstairs, Shaun D. Luk, Joyce Y. Tomaszewski, Christian A. Cantrell, F. Lee TI Ingestion of Lantana camara Is Not Associated With Significant Effects in Children SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE Lantana camara; poisoning; plant; toxicity ID ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AB OBJECTIVE: We sought to identify characteristics of children with reported ingestion of Lantana camara. METHODS: We reviewed the California Poison Control System database for all reported pediatric ingestions of L camara for the years 1997-2008. Data collected included age, gender, clinical effects, duration of effects, medical interventions, and outcomes. RESULTS: There were a total of 641 patients; patient ages ranged from 1 to 16 years, with a mean of 2.5 years. Reported effects included vomiting (n = 30), abdominal pain (n = 8), agitation (n = 6), diarrhea (n = 6), throat/mouth irritation (n = 5), tachycardia (n = 4), drowsiness (n = 3), nausea (n = 2), and mydriasis (n = 1). There was no difference in frequency of symptoms between patients who ingested ripe (15.5% [95% confidence interval: 9.1%-21.8%]) versus unripe (6.0% [95% confidence interval: 0.9%-11.1%]) berries or between patients who ingested berries (10.5% [95% confidence interval: 7.3%-13.8%]) versus other plant parts (7.1% [95% confidence interval: 4.0%-10.3%]). Fifty-one patients (8%) were treated in a health care facility and 2 (0.3%) were admitted. No significant effects and no deaths were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: Ingestion of L camara (including unripe berries) was not associated with significant toxicity; patients who ingested unripe berries did not exhibit more-frequent or more-severe symptoms than did patients who ingested ripe berries or other plant parts. Most patients displayed no or minimal symptoms. Children with asymptomatic ingestions and those with mild symptoms can be treated at home. Pediatrics 2010;126:e1585-e1588 C1 [Carstairs, Shaun D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Med Ctr, Div Med Toxicol, Dept Emergency Med,Sch Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Luk, Joyce Y.] Univ Calif San Diego, Skaggs Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Carstairs, Shaun D.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Cantrell, F. Lee] Calif Poison Control Syst, San Diego Div, San Diego, CA USA. RP Carstairs, SD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Med Ctr, Div Med Toxicol, Dept Emergency Med,Sch Med, MC 8925,200 W Arbor Dr, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. EM shaunc@yahoo.com OI Carstairs, Shaun/0000-0003-4558-9704 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2010 VL 126 IS 6 BP E1585 EP E1588 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-1669 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 688EF UT WOS:000284831900021 PM 21041281 ER PT J AU Crosby, F Zhou, HM Huynh, Q AF Crosby, Frank Zhou, Haomin Huynh, Quyen TI Total Variation Methods for Three Dimensional Lidar Image Denoising SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID TOTAL VARIATION MINIMIZATION; RESTORATION AB New imaging capabilities have given rise to higher dimensional image processing. This paper presents a generalization of total variation (Tv) based denoising model with a specific application to three-dimensional flash lidar imagery. The generalization uses a weighted norm, rather than the standard Euclidean measure, that accounts for sampling differences that may exist along different axes. We compare this new method against successive two-dimensional denoising and three-dimensional TV denoising. The results show that denoising with a weighted norm presents much better object recognition for multi-plane objects compared with both of the other methods. Further, it does not blur single plane objects beyond the result obtained with two-dimensional denoising. C1 [Crosby, Frank; Huynh, Quyen] USN, Surface Warfare Ctr Panama City, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. [Zhou, Haomin] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Math, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Crosby, F (reprint author), USN, Surface Warfare Ctr Panama City, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. EM frank.crosby@navy.mil NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA SN 0099-1112 J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 76 IS 12 BP 1365 EP 1371 PG 7 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 696NX UT WOS:000285449200006 ER PT J AU Henderson, DR AF Henderson, David R. TI Seeds of Destruction SO POLICY REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 [Henderson, David R.] Hoover Inst War Revolut & Peace, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Henderson, David R.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA USA. RP Henderson, DR (reprint author), Hoover Inst War Revolut & Peace, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU HOOVER INST PI STANFORD PA STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD, CA 94305-601 USA SN 0146-5945 J9 POLICY REV JI Policy Rev. PD DEC-JAN PY 2010 IS 164 BP 101 EP 106 PG 6 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA 691IX UT WOS:000285074600007 ER PT J AU Zagar, TM Higgins, KA Miles, EF Vujaskovic, Z Dewhirst, MW Clough, RW Prosnitz, LR Jones, EL AF Zagar, Timothy M. Higgins, Kristin A. Miles, Edward F. Vujaskovic, Zeljko Dewhirst, Mark W. Clough, Robert W. Prosnitz, Leonard R. Jones, Ellen L. TI Durable palliation of breast cancer chest wall recurrence with radiation therapy, hyperthermia, and chemotherapy SO RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Breast cancer recurrence; Chest wall; Radiation; Chemotherapy; Hyperthermia ID RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; POSTOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY; SUPERFICIAL HYPERTHERMIA; LOCOREGIONAL RECURRENCE; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; LOCAL HYPERTHERMIA; REIRRADIATION; MASTECTOMY; CARCINOMA; RESECTION AB Background and purpose: Chest wall recurrences of breast cancer are a therapeutic challenge and durable local control is difficult to achieve. Our objective was to determine the local progression free survival (LPFS) and toxicity of thermochemoradiotherapy (ThChRT) for chest wall recurrence. Methods: Twenty-seven patients received ThChRT for chest wall failure from 2/1995 to 6/2007 and make up this retrospective series. All received concurrent superficial hyperthermia twice weekly (median 8 sessions), chemotherapy (capecitabine in 21, vinorelbine in 2, and paclitaxel in 4), and radiation (median 45 Gy). Patients were followed up every 1.5-3 months and responses were graded with RECIST criteria and toxicities with the NCI CTC v4.0. Results: Twenty-three (85%) patients were previously irradiated (median 60.4 Gy) and 22 (81%) patients received prior chemotherapy. Median follow-up was 11 months. Complete response (CR) was achieved in 16/20(80%) of patients with follow-up data, and 1 year LPFS was 76%. Overall survival was 23 months for patients with CR, and 5.4 months in patients achieving a partial response (PR) (p = 0.01). Twenty-two patients experienced acute grade 1/2 treatment related toxicities, primarily moist desquamation. Two patients experienced 3rd degree burns; all resolved with conservative measures. Conclusions: ThChRT offers durable palliation and prolonged LPFS with tolerable acute toxicity, especially if CR is achieved. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. Radiotherapy and Oncology 97 (2010) 535-540 C1 [Zagar, Timothy M.; Higgins, Kristin A.; Vujaskovic, Zeljko; Dewhirst, Mark W.; Clough, Robert W.; Prosnitz, Leonard R.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Miles, Edward F.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Jones, Ellen L.] Univ N Carolina, Canc Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Vujaskovic, Z (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Box 3085, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM vujas001@mc.duke.edu FU Varian Corporation; GlaxoSmithKline, Inc.; National Institutes of Health FX E.L. Jones, M.D., Ph.D., on speaker's bureau and consultant, BSD Medical; M.W. Dewhirst is a paid consultant and Chair of the Scientific Advisory Board of Celsion, Inc., and is recipient of research contracts from Varian Corporation and GlaxoSmithKline, Inc., M.W.D. and V.J. are recipients of grants from the National Institutes of Health; all other authors had none. NR 39 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0167-8140 J9 RADIOTHER ONCOL JI Radiother. Oncol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 97 IS 3 BP 535 EP 540 DI 10.1016/j.radonc.2010.10.020 PG 6 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 693KE UT WOS:000285222200032 PM 21074876 ER PT J AU Seelig, AD Jacobson, IG Smith, B Hooper, TI Boyko, EJ Gackstetter, GD Gehrman, P Macera, CA Smith, TC AF Seelig, Amber D. Jacobson, Isabel G. Smith, Besa Hooper, Tomoko I. Boyko, Edward J. Gackstetter, Gary D. Gehrman, Philip Macera, Carol A. Smith, Tyler C. CA Millennium Cohort Study Team TI Sleep Patterns Before, During, and After Deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan SO SLEEP LA English DT Article DE Sleep; deployment; Millennium Cohort; mental health; veterans ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; MILITARY DEPLOYMENT; MILLENNIUM COHORT; GENERAL-POPULATION; COMBAT DEPLOYMENT; DECISION-MAKING; YOUNG-ADULTS; DURATION; DEPRIVATION; HEALTH AB Study Objectives: To determine the associations between deployment in support of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and sleep quantity and quality. Design: Longitudinal cohort study Setting: The Millennium Cohort Study survey is administered via a secure website or US mail. Participants: Data were from 41,225 Millennium Cohort members who completed baseline (2001-2003) and follow-up (2004-2006) surveys. Participants were placed into 1 of 3 exposure groups based on their deployment status at follow-up: nondeployed, survey completed during deployment, or survey completed postdeployment. Interventions: N/A Measurements and Results: Study outcomes were self-reported sleep duration and trouble sleeping, defined as having trouble falling asleep or staying asleep. Adjusted mean sleep duration was significantly shorter among those in the deployed and postdeployment groups compared with those who did not deploy. Additionally, male gender and greater stress were significantly associated with shorter sleep duration. Personnel who completed their survey during deployment or postdeployment were significantly more likely to have trouble sleeping than those who had not deployed. Lower self-reported general health, female gender, and reporting of mental health symptoms at baseline were also significantly associated with increased odds of trouble sleeping. Conclusions: Deployment significantly influenced sleep quality and quantity in this population though effect size was mediated with statistical modeling that included mental health symptoms. Personnel reporting combat exposures or mental health symptoms had increased odds of trouble sleeping. These findings merit further research to increase understanding of temporal relationships between sleep and mental health outcomes occurring during and after deployment. C1 [Seelig, Amber D.; Jacobson, Isabel G.; Smith, Besa; Smith, Tyler C.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Hooper, Tomoko I.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Boyko, Edward J.] Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Gackstetter, Gary D.] Analyt Serv Inc ANSER, Arlington, VA USA. [Gehrman, Philip] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Penn Sleep Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Seelig, Amber D.; Macera, Carol A.] San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Seelig, AD (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Deployment Hlth Res, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM amber.seelig@med.navy.mil FU Henry M. Jackson Foundation FX In addition to the authors, the Millennium Cohort Study Team includes Melissa Bagnell, Lacy Farnell, Gia Gumbs, Nisara Granado, Jaime Horton, Kelly Jones, Molly Kelton, Cynthia LeardMann, Travis Leleu, Gordon Lynch, Jamie McGrew, Amanda Pietrucha, Teresa Powell, Donald Sandweiss, Beverly Sheppard, Katherine Snell, Steven Spiegel, Kari Welch, Martin White, James Whitmer, and Charlene Wong, from the Department of Deployment Health Research, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA; Paul Amoroso, from the Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA; Gregory Gray, from the College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; James Riddle; Margaret Ryan from the Naval Hospital Camp Pendleton, Camp Pendleton, CA; and Timothy Wells from the US Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH.; The authors thank the Millennium Cohort Study participants, without whom these analyses would not be possible. We thank Scott Seggerman from the Management Information Division, US Defense Manpower Data Center, Monterey, CA; Michelle Stoia from the Naval Health Research Center; and all the professionals from the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, especially those from the Military Operational Medicine Research Program, Fort Detrick, MD. We appreciate the support of the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, MD. NR 41 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD DEC 1 PY 2010 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1615 EP 1622 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 686TZ UT WOS:000284719900006 PM 21120123 ER PT J AU Miller, NL Shattuck, LG Matsangas, P AF Miller, Nita Lewis Shattuck, Lawrence G. Matsangas, Panagiotis TI Longitudinal Study of Sleep Patterns of United States Military Academy Cadets SO SLEEP LA English DT Article DE Sleep deprivation; actigraphy; adolescent sleep patterns; college-age students; military education ID SELF-REPORTED SLEEP; CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; LONG SLEEPERS; DAYTIME SLEEPINESS; STRIKING CHANGES; DOSE-RESPONSE; YOUNG-ADULTS; DEPRIVATION AB Study Objectives: The study provided an opportunity to observe sleep patterns in a college-age population attending the United States Military Academy. Design: This 4-year longitudinal study investigated sleep patterns of cadets. A stratified sample of 80 cadets had sleep patterns monitored using actigraphy for 8 months: one month in both fall and spring academic semesters over a 4-year period. Setting: Data were collected at the United States Military Academy, West Point, NY. Participants: Participants were members of the class of 2007 (n similar to 1300) ranging in age from 17 to 22 when entering USMA. Measurements and Results:A sample of the class (n = 80) wore wrist activity monitors and completed activity logs for one month in fall and spring academic semesters for the 4-year period. On average over the 4 years, cadets slept < 5.5 h on school nights. Cadets napped extensively, perhaps in an attempt to compensate for chronic sleep debt. Cadets slept more during fall than spring semesters. Male and female cadet sleep patterns varied dramatically, with males consistently receiving less sleep than females (similar to 21 m for nighttime sleep and similar to 23 m for daily sleep). Conclusions: Cadet sleep at USMA is related to academic year, semester, season, sex, school day or weekend, and day of the week. These students suffer from chronic sleep debt. Restrictions imposed by the military academy limit the generalizability of the findings to other college age populations. C1 [Miller, Nita Lewis] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Matsangas, Panagiotis] USN, Postgrad Sch, MOVES Inst, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Miller, NL (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, 1411 Cunningham Dr, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM nlmiller@nps.edu FU United States Military Academy, West Point, NY; U.S. Army FX We would like to acknowledge the support provided by the senior leadership of the United States Military Academy, West Point, NY. Without their permission and unflagging encouragement, this study would never have been completed. We received funding for the study from the Program Executive Office Soldier (PEO-Soldier) of the U.S. Army. Dr. Mary Carskadon and her colleagues in the Providence Sleep Research Interest Group (PSRIG) offered invaluable insights in the design and implementation of the study. Enthusiastic graduate students from the Naval Postgraduate School assisted in various analyses. Lastly, we acknowledge the selfless service of the Cadets of the Class of 2007 from the United States Military Academy, many of whom are currently serving their country both here and abroad. NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 EI 1550-9109 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD DEC 1 PY 2010 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1623 EP 1631 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 686TZ UT WOS:000284719900007 PM 21120124 ER PT J AU Kujawski, E AF Kujawski, Edouard TI Unintended Consequences of Performance Specifications for the Reliability of Military Weapon Systems SO SYSTEMS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE performance specifications; standards; reliability; systems engineering; design; reliability predictions; Perry memorandum AB The use of performance specifications became a key US Department of Defense (DoD) acquisition reform in the 1990s. Gone were the detailed military specifications for parts and materials selection, workmanship, derating, and fault tolerance. Maximum use was to be made of commercial specs. Reliability would be specified only in quantitative terms such as Mean-Time-To-Failure (MTTF) and/or the reliability R(t). However, there are significant differences between commercial and military weapon systems whereby performance specifications might bring in significantly greater mission risk. Reliability data from 1996 to 2000 might be an indicator of negative unintended consequences of the cancellation of military specifications. The acquisition of successful military systems requires a mix of performance and prescriptive reliability requirements that depend on the application, technology maturity, and complexity. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 13: 405-412, 2010 C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kujawski, E (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ekujawsk@nps.edu NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1098-1241 J9 SYSTEMS ENG JI Syst. Eng. PD WIN PY 2010 VL 13 IS 4 BP 405 EP 412 DI 10.1002/sys.20152 PG 8 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 677RE UT WOS:000284008700008 ER PT J AU de Figueiredo, MR Muratore, C Franz, R Chromik, RR Wahl, KJ Voevodin, AA O'Sullivan, M Lechthaler, M Mitterer, C AF de Figueiredo, M. Rebelo Muratore, C. Franz, R. Chromik, R. R. Wahl, K. J. Voevodin, A. A. O'Sullivan, M. Lechthaler, M. Mitterer, C. TI In Situ Studies of TiC1-x N (x) Hard Coating Tribology SO TRIBOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE TiCN; Low-friction; In situ tribometry; Tribofilm ID DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; NANOCOMPOSITE COATINGS; 3RD BODIES; FRICTION; WEAR; BEHAVIOR; FILMS; TRIBOMETRY; ARC; MICROSTRUCTURE AB TiC1-x N (x) hard coatings present time-dependent tribological behavior with an initial running-in period (500-2000 cycles) marked by an elevated friction coefficient, followed by > 10000 cycles with low-friction and wear at room temperature (RT) in ambient air. The mechanisms behind this behavior are not completely understood. Tribological tests performed at RT and at different relative humidity (RH) levels revealed that a minimum value between 15 and 25% RH is needed to trigger the low-friction regime at a sliding speed of 100 mm s(-1). By in situ observations of transfer film growth, it could be observed that third body material is formed during this running-in period by plowing of the coating and shearing of the removed material. The appearance and thickening of the transfer film marks the beginning of the steady-state low-friction regime where the velocity is accommodated by interfacial sliding. At this stage in the tribological test, the recorded Raman spectra indicated the presence of C-H bonds in the wear track. Use of in situ analytical tools during wear tests provided insights with respect to tribological phenomena that were not available by conventional, post-mortem analysis methods. C1 [de Figueiredo, M. Rebelo; Franz, R.; Mitterer, C.] Univ Leoben, Dept Phys Met & Mat Testing, Christian Doppler Lab Adv Hard Coatings, A-8700 Leoben, Austria. [Muratore, C.; Voevodin, A. A.] Mat & Mfg Directorate, Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Chromik, R. R.] McGill Univ, Dept Min & Mat Engn, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Wahl, K. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Mol Interfaces & Tribol Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [O'Sullivan, M.] PLANSEE Composite Mat GmbH, D-86983 Lechbruck, Germany. [Lechthaler, M.] OC Oerlikon Balzers AG, FL-9496 Balzers, Liechtenstein. RP de Figueiredo, MR (reprint author), Univ Leoben, Dept Phys Met & Mat Testing, Christian Doppler Lab Adv Hard Coatings, Franz Josef Str 18, A-8700 Leoben, Austria. EM marisa.figueiredo@unileoben.ac.at RI Chromik, Richard/D-8566-2011; Rebelo de Figueiredo, Marisa/F-8671-2011; Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013; Mitterer, Christian/B-4491-2010; Franz, Robert/G-5263-2010; OI Mitterer, Christian/0000-0002-7768-7926; Franz, Robert/0000-0003-4842-7276; Wahl, Kathryn/0000-0001-8163-6964; Rebelo de Figueiredo, Marisa/0000-0003-2031-9345 FU Christian Doppler Research Association; Office of Naval Research FX Financial support by the Christian Doppler Research Association is highly acknowledged. K. J. Wahl was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1023-8883 J9 TRIBOL LETT JI Tribol. Lett. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 40 IS 3 BP 365 EP 373 DI 10.1007/s11249-010-9664-7 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 684ZK UT WOS:000284593600010 ER PT J AU Smith, MP Ponnusamy, L Jiang, J Abu Ayyash, L Richards, AL Apperson, CS AF Smith, Michael P. Ponnusamy, Loganathan Jiang, Ju Abu Ayyash, Luma Richards, Allen L. Apperson, Charles S. TI Bacterial Pathogens in Ixodid Ticks from a Piedmont County in North Carolina: Prevalence of Rickettsial Organisms SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Amblyomma americanum; American dog tick; Black-legged tick; Borrelia lone star tick; Dermacentor variabilis; Ehrlichia chaffeensis; Ixodes scapularis; Pathogen prevalence; Rickettsia; Rickettsia amblyommii ID AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM ACARI; WHITE-TAILED DEER; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; FEVER GROUP RICKETTSIAE; LONE STAR TICK; REAL-TIME PCR; BORRELIA-LONESTARI; SPOTTED-FEVER; LYME-DISEASE AB In North Carolina, reported human cases of tick-borne illness, specifically Rocky Mountain spotted fever, have escalated over the past decade. To determine the relative abundance of vectors and to estimate the risk of acquiring a tick-borne illness in peri-residential landscapes, ticks were collected in Chatham County, a typical Piedmont county and, samples of the ticks were tested for infection with selected bacterial pathogens using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. Ticks (n = 3746) were collected by flagging vegetation at 26 sites from April to July 2006. The predominant questing tick was Amblyomma americanum (98.5%) with significantly fewer Dermacentor variabilis (1.0%) and Ixodes scapularis (0.5%) collected. Spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae were detected in 68.2% of 1590 A. americanum with 56.4% of the molecular isolates identified as Rickettsia amblyommii, an informally named member of the SFG rickettsiae. Comparatively, smaller numbers of A. americanum contained Ehrlichia chaffeensis (1.8%) and Borrelia lonestari (0.4%). Of 15 I. scapularis nymphs tested, 6 (40%) were positive for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. Seven (19.4%) of 36 adult D. variabilis tested positive for Rickettsia montanensis, 4 (11.1%) were positive for R. amblyommii, and 5 (13.9%) were infected with unidentified species of SFG rickettsiae. The tick population in Chatham County contains a diverse array of microbes, some of which are known or potential pathogens. Highest attack rates would be expected from A. americanum ticks, and highest potential risk of infection with a tick-transmitted agent would be to rickettsial organisms, particularly R. amblyommii. Accordingly, longitudinal eco-epidemiology investigations are needed to determine the public health importance of A. americanum infected with rickettsial organisms. C1 [Jiang, Ju; Richards, Allen L.] USN, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Smith, Michael P.; Ponnusamy, Loganathan; Abu Ayyash, Luma; Apperson, Charles S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Richards, AL (reprint author), USN, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM allen.richards@med.navy.mil; charles_apperson@ncsu.edu RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU DoD GEIS program [847705.82000.25GB .A0074] FX We thank Drs. Kevin Donohue and Sayed Khalil for their ideas and assistance in developing reagents for extraction of genomic DNA from ticks. This work was supported in part by the DoD GEIS program work unit # 847705.82000.25GB .A0074. NR 69 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 3 U2 18 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 10 IS 10 BP 939 EP 952 DI 10.1089/vbz.2009.0178 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 689TL UT WOS:000284952100001 PM 20455778 ER PT J AU Calvo, DC Rudd, KE Zampolli, M Sanders, WM Bibee, LD AF Calvo, D. C. Rudd, K. E. Zampolli, M. Sanders, W. M. Bibee, L. D. TI Simulation of acoustic scattering from an aluminum cylinder near a rough interface using the elastodynamic finite integration technique SO WAVE MOTION LA English DT Article DE Scattering; EFIT; Reverberation; Ocean acoustics; Elastodynamics; Roughness ID WAVE-PROPAGATION; SOUND-SCATTERING; BOTTOM; MEDIA; GEOMETRIES; SURFACE; OBJECTS AB We present calculations of acoustic scattering from an aluminum cylinder near a rough interface computed using the elastodynamic finite integration technique (EFIT) a time-domain numerical method useful for pulse propagation in inhomogeneous fluid-elastic environments These calculations are relevant to the modeling of underwater acoustic scattering by objects near the ocean seafloor in the low-frequency structural-acoustics regime where penetrability of both the object and seafloor are important The generality of the EFIT allows for the inclusion of stratified seafloors with rough interfaces and volume inhomogeneities such as shells or rocks Non-reflecting computational boundaries are implemented using a recursive convolution time-domain form of the perfectly matched layer (PML) The scheme and examples discussed are in two space dimensions for computational simplicity The explicitness of the scheme (unknowns only depend on spatially local values at previous time steps) however allows for straightforward parallelization by decomposing the domain which is efficient for three-dimensional problems We first examine the relationship between source geometry and bottom penetration for grazing angles below the critical angle for a fluid-fluid interface similar to a water-sand interface in the ocean Ensemble averaged bottom penetration is then computed for a statistically rough power-law interface and comparison is made with the flat-interface case The aluminum cylinder is then introduced at variable height relative to the fluid-fluid interface and backscattering is computed for both sub and supercritical incidence angles Separation of interface reverberation and cylinder echo contributions to the total backscatter is made to demonstrate the importance of roughness The EFIT is demonstrated to effectively capture the enhancement of bottom penetration and object backscatter for subcritical incidence angles for a buried object under a rough interface We also consider an example of scattering in the presence of a rough interface and small randomly distributed subsurface inhomogeneities to demonstrate how different environmental factors can influence an echo from an object Published by Elsevier B V C1 [Calvo, D. C.; Rudd, K. E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zampolli, M.] TNO Def Secur & Safety, The Hague, Netherlands. [Sanders, W. M.; Bibee, L. D.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Calvo, DC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX Work sponsored by the Office of Naval Research NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2125 J9 WAVE MOTION JI Wave Motion PD DEC PY 2010 VL 47 IS 8 BP 616 EP 634 DI 10.1016/j.wavemoti.2010.05.002 PG 19 WC Acoustics; Mechanics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Acoustics; Mechanics; Physics GA 689ZX UT WOS:000284970800011 ER PT J AU Kim, YJ Flatau, M AF Kim, Young-Joon Flatau, Maria TI Hindcasting the January 2009 Arctic Sudden Stratospheric Warming and Its Influence on the Arctic Oscillation with Unified Parameterization of Orographic Drag in NOGAPS. Part I: Extended-Range Stand-Alone Forecast SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID VERTICAL COORDINATE; NUMERICAL FORECASTS; WEATHER REGIMES; MODEL; TROPOSPHERE; EVENTS; WINTER; FLOW; CIRCULATION; IMPROVEMENT AB A very strong Arctic major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event occurred in late January 2009. The stratospheric temperature climbed abruptly and the zonal winds reversed direction, completely splitting the polar stratospheric vortex. A hindcast of this event is attempted by using the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS), which includes the full stratosphere with its top at around 65 km. As Part I of this study, extended-range (3 week) forecast experiments are performed using NOGAPS without the aid of data assimilation. A unified parameterization of orographic drag is designed by combining two parameterization schemes; one by Webster et al., and the other by Kim and Arakawa and Kim and Doyle. With the new unified orographic drag scheme implemented, NOGAPS is able to reproduce the salient features of this Arctic SSW event owing to enhanced planetary wave activity induced by more comprehensive subgrid-scale orographic drag processes. The impact of the SSW on the tropospheric circulation is also investigated in view of the Arctic Oscillation (AO) index, which calculated using 1000-hPa geopotential height. The NOGAPS with upgraded orographic drag physics better simulates the trend of the AO index as verified by the Met Office analysis, demonstrating its improved stratosphere-troposphere coupling. It is argued that the new model is more suitable for forecasting SSW events in the future and can serve as a tool for studying various stratospheric phenomena. C1 [Kim, Young-Joon; Flatau, Maria] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kim, YJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM yj.kim@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [0601153N] FX The authors appreciate the support by the Office of Naval Research under ONR Program Element 0601153N. They thank T. Hogan for processing the initial and boundary conditions for the runs, T. Whitcomb for transferring and processing the UKMO analysis data, J. Cummings for providing and explaining the SST and sea-ice data, and M. Peng for comments. They thank D. Boyd at UKMO for retrieving the UKMO data from the archive. They also acknowledge the constructive comments from the anonymous reviewers that helped improve the manuscript. The computing time was provided in large part by the Navy DSRC (DoD Super-computing Resource Center). NR 35 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 25 IS 6 BP 1628 EP 1644 DI 10.1175/2010WAF2222421.1 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 702AS UT WOS:000285867000003 ER PT J AU Kim, YC Best, RB Mittal, J AF Kim, Young C. Best, Robert B. Mittal, Jeetain TI Macromolecular crowding effects on protein-protein binding affinity and specificity SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES; SICKLE HEMOGLOBIN; CONFINEMENT; STABILITY; DYNAMICS; COMPLEX; RATES; THERMODYNAMICS; ASSOCIATION; SIMULATIONS AB Macromolecular crowding in cells is recognized to have a significant impact on biological function, yet quantitative models for its effects are relatively undeveloped. The influence of crowding on protein-protein interactions is of particular interest, since these mediate many processes in the cell, including the self-assembly of larger complexes, recognition, and signaling. We use a residue-level coarse-grained model to investigate the effects of macromolecular crowding on the assembly of protein-protein complexes. Interactions between the proteins are treated using a fully transferable energy function, and interactions of protein residues with the spherical crowders are repulsive. We show that the binding free energy for two protein complexes, ubiquitin/UIM1 and cytochrome c/cytochrome c peroxidase, decreases modestly as the concentration of crowding agents increases. To obtain a quantitative description of the stabilizing effect, we map the aspherical individual proteins and protein complexes onto spheres whose radii are calculated from the crowder-excluded protein volumes. With this correspondence, we find that the change in the binding free energy due to crowding can be quantitatively described by the scaled particle theory model without any fitting parameters. The effects of a mixture of different-size crowders-as would be found in a real cell-are predicted by the same model with an additivity ansatz. We also obtain the remarkable result that crowding increases the fraction of specific complexes at the expense of nonspecific transient encounter complexes in a crowded environment. This result, due to the greater excluded volume of the nonspecific complexes, demonstrates that macromolecular crowding can have subtle functional effects beyond the relative stability of bound and unbound complexes. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3516589] C1 [Kim, Young C.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Best, Robert B.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. [Mittal, Jeetain] Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Kim, YC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM yckim@dave.nrl.navy.mil; rbb24@cam.ac.uk; jeetain@lehigh.edu RI Best, Robert/H-7588-2016 OI Best, Robert/0000-0002-7893-3543 FU Royal Society University FX R.B.B. is supported by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship. NR 40 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 39 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD NOV 28 PY 2010 VL 133 IS 20 AR 205101 DI 10.1063/1.3516589 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 690LB UT WOS:000285005200020 PM 21133453 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, NF Hullsiek, KH Ganesan, A Weintrob, A Okulicz, JF Agan, BK AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler Ganesan, Anuradha Weintrob, Amy Okulicz, Jason F. Agan, Brian K. CA Infectious Dis Clinical Res TI Is Kaposi's sarcoma occurring at higher CD4 cell counts over the course of the HIV epidemic? SO AIDS LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; UNITED-STATES; INFECTED PERSONS; IMPACT; AIDS; SEROCONVERSION; INDIVIDUALS; FEATURES; CANCERS; TRENDS C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler; Ganesan, Anuradha; Weintrob, Amy; Okulicz, Jason F.; Agan, Brian K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Bethesda, MD USA. [Weintrob, Amy] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Okulicz, Jason F.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Crum-Cianflone, NF (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Infect Dis Clin, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM nancy.crum@med.navy.mil OI Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [Y1-AI-5072]; Department of Defense (DoD) [IDCRP-000-04] FX Support for this work (IDCRP-000-04) was provided by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072. The content of this publication is the sole responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the NIH or the Department of Health and Human Services, the DoD, the Departments of the Army, Navy or Air Force, nor the US Government. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement by the US Government. The authors acknowledge that the research protocol ('Incidence and Risk Factors for AIDS-Defining and Non-AIDS-Defining Cancers in an HIV-Infected Cohort') received applicable Institutional Board review and approval. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD NOV 27 PY 2010 VL 24 IS 18 BP 2881 EP 2883 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833f9fb8 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 678EU UT WOS:000284057300017 PM 20827160 ER PT J AU Mazeina, L Bermudez, VM Perkins, FK Arnold, SP Prokes, SM AF Mazeina, Lena Bermudez, Victor M. Perkins, F. Keith Arnold, Stephen P. Prokes, S. M. TI Interaction of functionalized Ga2O3 NW-based room temperature gas sensors with different hydrocarbons SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE Nanowires; Functionalization; Capacitance-based sensors; Ga2O3 ID ABSORPTION INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; PYRUVIC-ACID; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; FT-IR; ADSORPTION; OXIDE; BETA-GA2O3; SURFACES AB Ga2O3 nanowires (NWs) incorporated into capacitance-based room temperature gas sensors were functionalized with acetic and pyruvic acid (AC and PA, respectively) with the goal of achieving higher selectivity toward different groups of hydrocarbons. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to determine the geometry of the resulting adsorbate complexes. A bridge-like geometry was observed for adsorbed AC and a mixture of different geometries for PA, some of which had hydrogen-bonded OH groups. In addition, FTIR studies showed evidence of the enolic form of PA adsorbed on the surface. The AC-functionalized NWs showed a significant decrease in response to such common analytes as acetone and nitromethane as well as to triethylamine (TEA). In the case of PA-functionalized NWs, no response was observed to nitromethane, however, the response to TEA increased one order of magnitude compared to the bare NWs. FTIR spectroscopy was used to obtain more insight into the mechanism of interaction of AC- and PA-functionalized NWs with these analytes. This work demonstrates the use of a bifunctional molecule (PA) to modify the response of an oxide sensor in a way that a monofunctional molecule (AC) cannot. A significant result of this work is that the functionalization chemistry does not presume the existence of OH groups on the initial oxide surface. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mazeina, Lena; Bermudez, Victor M.; Perkins, F. Keith; Arnold, Stephen P.; Prokes, S. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Prokes, SM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM sharka.prokes@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. LM thanks National Research Council for the administrative support. Art Snow is thanked for providing distilled triethylamine. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD NOV 26 PY 2010 VL 151 IS 1 BP 114 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.snb.2010.09.038 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 687QN UT WOS:000284793100017 ER PT J AU Elam, MB Lovato, LC Byington, RP Bonds, D Leiter, L Crouse, JR Linz, P Marcovina, S O'Connor, PJ Ginsberg, HN AF Elam, Marshall B. Lovato, Laura C. Byington, Robert P. Bonds, Denise Leiter, Lawrence Crouse, John R. Linz, Peter Marcovina, Santica O'Connor, Patrick J. Ginsberg, Henry N. CA ACCORD Study Grp TI Hypertriglyceridemia and Low HDL-C Predicts Fenofibrate Response in The ACCORD-Lipid Trial SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Type 2 Diabetes; Cholesterol lowering drugs; Cardiovascular C1 Memphis Vet Affairs Med Cntr, Memphis, TN USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. NHLBI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. St Michaels Hlth Cntr, Toronto, ON, Canada. USN, Med Cntr, Div Cardiol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Hlth Partners Rsch Fdn, Minneapolis, MN USA. Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 23 PY 2010 VL 122 IS 21 SU S MA A19724 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA V21UD UT WOS:000208231603243 ER PT J AU Hartley, DJ Janssens, RVF Riedinger, LL Riley, MA Wang, X Aguilar, A Carpenter, MP Chiara, CJ Chowdhury, P Darby, IG Garg, U Ijaz, QA Kondev, FG Lakshmi, S Lauritsen, T Ma, WC McCutchan, EA Mukhopadhyay, S Seyfried, EP Shirwadkar, U Stefanescu, I Tandel, SK Vanhoy, JR Zhu, S AF Hartley, D. J. Janssens, R. V. F. Riedinger, L. L. Riley, M. A. Wang, X. Aguilar, A. Carpenter, M. P. Chiara, C. J. Chowdhury, P. Darby, I. G. Garg, U. Ijaz, Q. A. Kondev, F. G. Lakshmi, S. Lauritsen, T. Ma, W. C. McCutchan, E. A. Mukhopadhyay, S. Seyfried, E. P. Shirwadkar, U. Stefanescu, I. Tandel, S. K. Vanhoy, J. R. Zhu, S. TI Band crossings in Ta-166 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; COINCIDENCE DATA; NUCLEI AB High-spin states in the odd-odd nucleus Ta-166 are investigated through the 5n channel of the V-51 + Sn-120 reaction. Four new bands are observed and linked into the previous level scheme. Configurations for the bands are proposed, based on measured alignments and B(M1)/B(E2) transition strength ratios. C1 [Hartley, D. J.; Seyfried, E. P.; Vanhoy, J. R.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Janssens, R. V. F.; Carpenter, M. P.; Chiara, C. J.; Lauritsen, T.; McCutchan, E. A.; Stefanescu, I.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Riedinger, L. L.; Darby, I. G.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Riley, M. A.; Wang, X.; Aguilar, A.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Chiara, C. J.; Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chiara, C. J.; Stefanescu, I.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Chowdhury, P.; Lakshmi, S.; Shirwadkar, U.; Tandel, S. K.] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Garg, U.; Mukhopadhyay, S.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, South Bend, IN 46556 USA. [Ijaz, Q. A.; Ma, W. C.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Hartley, DJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RI Soundara Pandian, Lakshmi/C-8107-2013; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Soundara Pandian, Lakshmi/0000-0003-3099-1039; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 FU National Science Foundation [PHY-0854815, PHY-0754674, PHY07-58100]; US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-FG02-94ER40848, DE-FG02-96ER40983] FX The authors thank the ANL operations staff at Gammasphere and gratefully acknowledge the efforts of J. P. Greene for target preparation. We thank D. C. Radford and H. Q. Jin for their software support. This work is funded by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. PHY-0854815 (USNA), No. PHY-0754674 (FSU), and No. PHY07-58100 (ND), as well as by the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contracts No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 (ANL), No. DE-FG02-94ER40848 (UML), and No. DE-FG02-96ER40983 (UT). NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV 23 PY 2010 VL 82 IS 5 AR 057302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.82.057302 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 713JA UT WOS:000286733100005 ER PT J AU Shabaev, A Dutton, Z Kennedy, TA Efros, AL AF Shabaev, A. Dutton, Z. Kennedy, T. A. Efros, Al L. TI Slow-light propagation using mode locking of spin precession in quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; ELECTRON-SPIN; GROUP-VELOCITY; ATOMIC VAPOR; STORAGE; PULSES; OPTICS; GAS AB We propose using mode locking to enable coherent nonlinear optical effects in inhomogenously broadened spin ensembles. We carry out detailed calculations for quantum dot systems in which increased spin coherence via mode locking has been recently observed [A. Greilich et al., Science 313, 341 (2006); 317, 1896 (2007)]. We show how, in the presence of spin locking, a strong pulse-matching effect occurs, providing a powerful tool for high-bandwidth linear optical processing. We then go on to study "slow light" in this system and show that high-bandwidth pulses can be controllably delayed by a time comparable to the pulse width. C1 [Shabaev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Dutton, Z.] Raytheon BBN Technol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dutton, Z.; Kennedy, T. A.; Efros, Al L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shabaev, A (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. FU ONR; NIST [70NANB7H6138 Am001] FX The authors acknowledge financial support of ONR and NIST 70NANB7H6138 Am001. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV 22 PY 2010 VL 82 IS 5 AR 053823 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.82.053823 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 683GL UT WOS:000284460400009 ER PT J AU Razzaque, S AF Razzaque, Soebur TI A LEPTONIC-HADRONIC MODEL FOR THE AFTERGLOW OF GAMMA-RAY BURST 090510 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray burst: individual (GRB 090510); relativistic processes; shock waves ID EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION; GRB 080916C; COMPONENTS; MISSION; CURVES; SWIFT; JETS AB We model multiwavelength afterglow data from the short gamma-ray burst (GRB) 090510 using a combined leptonic-hadronic model of synchrotron radiation from an adiabatic blast wave. High-energy, greater than or similar to 100 MeV, emission in our model is dominated by proton-synchrotron radiation, while electron-synchrotron radiation dominates in the X-ray and ultraviolet wavelengths. The collimation-corrected GRB energy, depending on the jet-break time, in this model could be as low as 3 x 1051 erg but two orders of magnitude larger than the absolute gamma-ray energy. We also calculated the opacities for electron-positron pair production by gamma-rays and found that TeV gamma-rays from proton-synchrotron radiation can escape the blast wave at early time, and their detection can provide evidence of a hadronic emission component dominating at high energies. C1 [Razzaque, Soebur] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM srazzaque@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; NASA FX I thank the Fermi-LAT, GBM, and Swift team members, especially M. De Pasquale, C. D. Dermer, J. D. Finke, N. Gehrels, S. Guiriec, V. Pelassa, and F. Piron, for providing data and useful comments. This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research and NASA Fermi Cycle 2 Guest Investigator Program. NR 39 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD NOV 20 PY 2010 VL 724 IS 1 BP L109 EP L112 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/724/1/L109 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 679HM UT WOS:000284152500023 ER PT J AU McSwain, MV Grundstrom, ED Gies, DR Ray, PS AF McSwain, M. Virginia Grundstrom, Erika D. Gies, Douglas R. Ray, Paul S. TI H alpha EMISSION VARIABILITY IN THE gamma-RAY BINARY LS I+61 303 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; stars: emission-line, Be; stars: individual (LS I+61 303); stars: winds, outflows ID X-RAY; MICROQUASAR LS-I+61-303; RADIO OBSERVATIONS; NEUTRON-STAR; LSI+61-DEGREES-303; I+61-DEGREES-303; LS-I-+61-303 AB LS I +61 303 is an exceptionally rare example of a high-mass X-ray binary that also exhibits McV-TcV emission, making it one of only a handful of "gamma-ray binaries." Here we present H alpha spectra that show strong variability during the 26.5 day orbital period and over decadal timescales. We detect evidence of a spiral density wave in the Be circumstellar disk over part of the orbit. The H alpha line profile also exhibits a dramatic emission burst shortly before apastron, observed as a redshifted shoulder in the line profile, as the compact source moves almost directly away from the observer. We investigate several possible origins for this red shoulder, including an accretion disk, mass-transfer stream, and a compact pulsar wind nebula that forms via a shock between the Be star's wind and the relativistic pulsar wind. C1 [McSwain, M. Virginia] Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Grundstrom, Erika D.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Stevens Ctr 6301, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Gies, Douglas R.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr High Angular Resolut Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Ray, Paul S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP McSwain, MV (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, 16 Mem Dr E, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM mcswain@lehigh.edu; erika.grundstrom@vanderbilt.edu; gies@chara.gsu.edu; paul.ray@nrl.navy.mil OI Grundstrom, Erika/0000-0002-5130-0260 FU NASA [NNX08AV70G, NNG08E1671, NNX09AT67G]; Lehigh University; National Science Foundation [AST-0506573, AST-0606861] FX We are grateful to the University of Wyoming, especially Chip Kobulnicky and Dan Kiminki, for providing telescope time and observing support at WIRO. We also thank Di Harmer and the staff at KPNO for their hard work to schedule and support the Coude Feed observations. Christina Aragona, Tabetha Boyajian, Amber Marsh, and Rachael Roettenbacher helped collect the spectra presented here and should be cheered for their heroic efforts. We also appreciate helpful conversations with George McCluskey regarding these results. This work is supported by NASA DPR numbers NNX08AV70G, NNG08E1671, and NNX09AT67G. M.V.M. is grateful for an institutional grant from Lehigh University. The research work of D.R.G. is supported by the National Science Foundation under grants Nos. AST-0506573 and AST-0606861. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2010 VL 724 IS 1 BP 379 EP 385 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/724/1/379 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 678RC UT WOS:000284096900032 ER PT J AU Pastorello, A Smartt, SJ Botticella, MT Maguire, K Fraser, M Smith, K Kotak, R Magill, L Valenti, S Young, DR Gezari, S Bresolin, F Kudritzki, R Howell, DA Rest, A Metcalfe, N Mattila, S Kankare, E Huang, KY Urata, Y Burgett, WS Chambers, KC Dombeck, T Flewelling, H Grav, T Heasley, JN Hodapp, KW Kaiser, N Luppino, GA Lupton, RH Magnier, EA Monet, DG Morgan, JS Onaka, PM Price, PA Rhoads, PH Siegmund, WA Stubbs, CW Sweeney, WE Tonry, JL Wainscoat, RJ Waterson, MF Waters, C Wynn-Williams, CG AF Pastorello, A. Smartt, S. J. Botticella, M. T. Maguire, K. Fraser, M. Smith, K. Kotak, R. Magill, L. Valenti, S. Young, D. R. Gezari, S. Bresolin, F. Kudritzki, R. Howell, D. A. Rest, A. Metcalfe, N. Mattila, S. Kankare, E. Huang, K. Y. Urata, Y. Burgett, W. S. Chambers, K. C. Dombeck, T. Flewelling, H. Grav, T. Heasley, J. N. Hodapp, K. W. Kaiser, N. Luppino, G. A. Lupton, R. H. Magnier, E. A. Monet, D. G. Morgan, J. S. Onaka, P. M. Price, P. A. Rhoads, P. H. Siegmund, W. A. Stubbs, C. W. Sweeney, W. E. Tonry, J. L. Wainscoat, R. J. Waterson, M. F. Waters, C. Wynn-Williams, C. G. TI ULTRA-BRIGHT OPTICAL TRANSIENTS ARE LINKED WITH TYPE Ic SUPERNOVAE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE supernovae: general; supernovae: individual (SN 2010gx, SCP-06F6, SN 2005ap) ID INFRARED LIGHT CURVES; GAMMA-RAY BURST; PAIR-INSTABILITY; SN 2002AP; DISCOVERY; 1998BW; METAMORPHOSIS; PHOTOMETRY; EXPLOSION; EVOLUTION AB Recent searches by unbiased, wide-field surveys have uncovered a group of extremely luminous optical transients. The initial discoveries of SN 2005ap by the Texas Supernova Search and SCP-06F6 in a deep Hubble pencil beam survey were followed by the Palomar Transient Factory confirmation of host redshifts for other similar transients. The transients share the common properties of high optical luminosities (peak magnitudes similar to -21 to -23), blue colors, and a lack of H or He spectral features. The physical mechanism that produces the luminosity is uncertain, with suggestions ranging from jet-driven explosion to pulsational pair instability. Here, we report the most detailed photometric and spectral coverage of an ultra-bright transient (SN 2010gx) detected in the Pan-STARRS 1 sky survey. In common with other transients in this family, early-time spectra show a blue continuum and prominent broad absorption lines of O II. However, about 25 days after discovery, the spectra developed type Ic supernova features, showing the characteristic broad Fe II and Si II absorption lines. Detailed, post-maximum follow-up may show that all SN 2005ap and SCP-06F6 type transients are linked to supernovae Ic. This poses problems in understanding the physics of the explosions: there is no indication from late-time photometry that the luminosity is powered by (56)Ni, the broad light curves suggest very large ejected masses, and the slow spectral evolution is quite different from typical Ic timescales. The nature of the progenitor stars and the origin of the luminosity are intriguing and open questions. C1 [Pastorello, A.; Smartt, S. J.; Botticella, M. T.; Maguire, K.; Fraser, M.; Smith, K.; Kotak, R.; Magill, L.; Valenti, S.; Young, D. R.; Mattila, S.; Kankare, E.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Gezari, S.; Grav, T.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Bresolin, F.; Kudritzki, R.; Burgett, W. S.; Chambers, K. C.; Dombeck, T.; Flewelling, H.; Heasley, J. N.; Hodapp, K. W.; Kaiser, N.; Luppino, G. A.; Magnier, E. A.; Morgan, J. S.; Onaka, P. M.; Price, P. A.; Rhoads, P. H.; Siegmund, W. A.; Sweeney, W. E.; Tonry, J. L.; Wainscoat, R. J.; Waterson, M. F.; Waters, C.; Wynn-Williams, C. G.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Howell, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA. [Howell, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA. [Rest, A.; Stubbs, C. W.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Metcalfe, N.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Mattila, S.; Kankare, E.] Univ Turku, Tuorla Observ, Dept Phys & Astron, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland. [Mattila, S.] AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Stockholm Observ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Kankare, E.] Nord Optic Telescope, E-38700 Santa Cruz De La Palma, Spain. [Huang, K. Y.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Urata, Y.] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Lupton, R. H.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Monet, D. G.] USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Pastorello, A (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. EM a.pastorello@qub.ac.uk RI Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012; Waterson, Mark/B-7352-2013; OI Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724; Waterson, Mark/0000-0002-0192-2686; Kotak, Rubina/0000-0001-5455-3653; Fraser, Morgan/0000-0003-2191-1674; Chambers, Kenneth /0000-0001-6965-7789; Metcalfe, Nigel/0000-0001-9034-4402; Flewelling, Heather/0000-0002-1050-4056 FU EURYI FX The PS1 Surveys have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy at the University of Hawaii in Manoa, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, the University of Durham, the University of Edinburgh, the Queens University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, and the Los Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Incorporated. This work was conducted as part of a EURYI scheme award. NR 49 TC 99 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD NOV 20 PY 2010 VL 724 IS 1 BP L16 EP L21 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/724/1/L16 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 679HM UT WOS:000284152500004 ER PT J AU Strawn, AA Hwang, PF Davis, T Elster, E Tadaki, D Sheppard, F AF Strawn, Alan Anthony Hwang, Paul F. Davis, Thomas Elster, Eric Tadaki, Doug Sheppard, Forest TI Lyophilized Platelet Transfusion Does Not Constitute An Immunologic "Second Hit" In a Non-Human Primate Hemorrhagic Shock Model. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 52nd Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology (ASH) CY DEC 04-07, 2010 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 [Strawn, Alan Anthony; Elster, Eric; Sheppard, Forest] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Hwang, Paul F.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Davis, Thomas; Tadaki, Doug] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 19 PY 2010 VL 116 IS 21 BP 1376 EP 1376 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 752BH UT WOS:000289662203691 ER PT J AU Saneyoshi, H Deschamps, JR Marquez, VE AF Saneyoshi, Hisao Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Marquez, Victor E. TI Synthesis of Conformationally Locked L-Deoxythreosyl Phosphonate Nucleosides Built on a Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane Template SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGS; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; CYCLOPROPYLAMINES; VERSATILE; HIV AB Two conformationally locked versions of L-deoxythreosyl phosphonate nucleosides (2 and 3) were synthesized to investigate the preference of HIV reverse transcriptase for a conformation displaying either a fully diaxial or fully diequatorial disposition of substituents Synthesis of the enantiomeric 4-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)bicyclo[3 1 0]hexan-2-ol carbocyclic nucleoside precursors (diaxially disposed) proceeded straightforwardly from commercially available (1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-2-cyclopent-2-enyl-1-yl acetate employing a hydroxyl-directed Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation that culminated with a Mitsunobu coupling of the purine base For the more complicated 1-(6-amino-9H-punn-9-yl)bicyclo[3 1 0]hexan-3-ol carbocyclic nucleoside precursors (diequatorially disposed), the obligatory linear approach required the syntheses of key 1-aminobicyclo[3 1 0]hexan-3-yl benzoate precursors that were assembled via the amide variant of the Kulinkovich reaction involving the intramolecular cyclopropanation of a substituted delta-vinylamide Completion of the purine ring was achieved by conventional approaches but with much improved yields through the use of a microwave reactor The syntheses of the phosphonates and the corresponding diphosphates were achieved by conventional means None of the diphosphates, which were supposed to act as nucleoside triphosphate mimics, could compete with dATP even when present in a 10-fold excess C1 [Saneyoshi, Hisao; Marquez, Victor E.] NCI, Biol Chem Lab, Ctr Canc Res, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Marquez, VE (reprint author), NCI, Biol Chem Lab, Ctr Canc Res, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 FU NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research FX We express their gratitude to Drs Stephen H Hughes, Paul Boyer, and B Christie Vu of the HIV Drug Resistant Program at NCI for the biological testing The advice and help of Dr Stefan G Sarafianos of the Department of Microbiology at the University of Missouri-Columbia is also appreciated This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD NOV 19 PY 2010 VL 75 IS 22 BP 7659 EP 7669 DI 10.1021/jo101475p PG 11 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 678MO UT WOS:000284080300019 PM 20964394 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellardi, F Bellazzini, R Belli, F Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bogart, JR Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Burnett, TH Busetto, G Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Carlson, P Carrigan, S Casandjian, JM Ceccanti, M Cecchi, C Celik, O Charles, E Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Cillis, AN Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Corbet, R DeKlotz, M Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Di Bernardo, G Silva, EDE Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Dubois, R Fabiani, D Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Fortin, P Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gaggero, D Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grasso, D Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guiriec, S Gustafsson, M Hadasch, D Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Horan, D Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Garde, ML Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Mehault, J Michelson, PF Minuti, M Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Moretti, E Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Naumann-Godo, M Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Petrosian, V Pinchera, M Piron, F Porter, TA Profumo, S Raino, S Rando, R Rapposelli, E Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ripken, J Ritz, S Rochester, LS Romani, RW Roth, M Sadrozinski, HFW Saggini, N Sanchez, D Sander, A Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stawarz, L Stephens, TE Strickman, MS Strong, AW Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tibolla, O Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Turri, M Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wallace, E Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Yang, Z Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellardi, F. Bellazzini, R. Belli, F. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bogart, J. R. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Burnett, T. H. Busetto, G. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Carlson, P. Carrigan, S. Casandjian, J. M. Ceccanti, M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Cillis, A. N. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Corbet, R. DeKlotz, M. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Di Bernardo, G. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Dubois, R. Fabiani, D. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Fortin, P. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gaggero, D. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grasso, D. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guiriec, S. Gustafsson, M. Hadasch, D. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Garde, M. Llena Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Mehault, J. Michelson, P. F. Minuti, M. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Naumann-Godo, M. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Petrosian, V. Pinchera, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Profumo, S. Raino, S. Rando, R. Rapposelli, E. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ripken, J. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Romani, R. W. Roth, M. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Saggini, N. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stawarz, L. Stephens, T. E. Strickman, M. S. Strong, A. W. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, O. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Turri, M. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wallace, E. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Yang, Z. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI Fermi LAT observations of cosmic-ray electrons from 7 GeV to 1 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; SPACE-TELESCOPE; ENERGY-SPECTRA; SOLAR MINIMUM; POSITRONS; PROPAGATION; MODULATION; SPECTROMETER; GALAXY AB We present the results of our analysis of cosmic-ray electrons using about 8 x 10(6) electron candidates detected in the first 12 months on-orbit by the Fermi Large Area Telescope. This work extends our previously published cosmic-ray electron spectrum down to 7 GeV, giving a spectral range of approximately 2.5 decades up to 1 TeV. We describe in detail the analysis and its validation using beam-test and on-orbit data. In addition, we describe the spectrum measured via a subset of events selected for the best energy resolution as a cross-check on the measurement using the full event sample. Our electron spectrum can be described with a power law proportional to E-3.08+/-0.05 with no prominent spectral features within systematic uncertainties. Within the limits of our uncertainties, we can accommodate a slight spectral hardening at around 100 GeV and a slight softening above 500 GeV. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bogart, J. R.; Borgland, A. W.; Brez, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Turri, M.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bogart, J. R.; Borgland, A. W.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Turri, M.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Profumo, S.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Profumo, S.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellardi, F.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Ceccanti, M.; Di Bernardo, G.; Fabiani, D.; Gaggero, D.; Grasso, D.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Minuti, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pinchera, M.; Rapposelli, E.; Razzano, M.; Saggini, N.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA IRFU CNRS, Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Moretti, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Moretti, E.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Busetto, G.; Buson, S.; Gustafsson, M.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Busetto, G.; Buson, S.; Carrigan, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Brandt, T. J.; Hughes, R. E.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Belli, F.; Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Belli, F.; Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] M Merlin Univ, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.; Horan, D.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.; Wallace, E.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Carlson, P.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Carlson, P.; Conrad, J.; Garde, M. 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[Grondin, M. -H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Reposeur, T.] Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Grondin, M. -H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Reposeur, T.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Kataoka, J.; Nakamori, T.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Okumura, A.; Ozaki, M.; Stawarz, L.; Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Orlando, E.; Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Stawarz, L.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Stephens, T. E.] Wyle Labs, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tibolla, O.] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Tramacere, A.] INTEGRAL Sci Data Ctr, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Ackermann, M (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM alexander.a.moiseev@nasa.gov; carmelo.sgro@pi.infn.it RI Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; Grasso, Dario/I-2440-2012; OI De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Moretti, Elena/0000-0001-5477-9097; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Stephens, Thomas/0000-0003-3065-6871; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Grasso, Dario/0000-0001-7761-7242; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726 FU K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; International Doctorate on Astroparticle Physics (IDAPP) program FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States; the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. We would like to thank the INFN GRID Data Centers of Pisa, Trieste, and CNAF-Bologna; the DOE SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Computing Division and the CNRS/IN2P3 Computing Center (CC-IN2P3-Lyon/Villeurbanne) in partnership with CEA/DSM/Irfu for their strong support in performing the massive simulations necessary for this work. J. Conrad is Fellow of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, funded by a grant from the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation. L. Tibaldo is partially supported by the International Doctorate on Astroparticle Physics (IDAPP) program. NR 47 TC 245 Z9 247 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 18 PY 2010 VL 82 IS 9 AR 092004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.82.092004 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 682KI UT WOS:000284402000002 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Burnett, TH Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Carrigan, S Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Charles, E Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cuoco, A Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Di Bernardo, G Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gaggero, D Gargano, F Germani, S Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grasso, D Grenier, IA Grove, JE Guiriec, S Gustafsson, M Hadasch, D Harding, AK Hayashi, K Hays, E Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lee, SH Lemoine-Goumard, M Garde, ML Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Mehault, J Michelson, PF Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Moretti, E Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Naumann-Godo, M Nolan, PL Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Profumo, S Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ripken, J Ritz, S Roth, M Sadrozinski, HFW Sander, A Schalk, TL Sgro, C Siegal-Gaskins, J Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strickman, MS Strong, AW Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Yang, Z Ylinen, T Zaharijas, G Ziegler, M AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Burnett, T. H. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Carrigan, S. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cuoco, A. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Di Bernardo, G. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gaggero, D. Gargano, F. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grasso, D. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Guiriec, S. Gustafsson, M. Hadasch, D. Harding, A. K. Hayashi, K. Hays, E. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lee, S. -H. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Garde, M. Llena Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Mehault, J. Michelson, P. F. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Naumann-Godo, M. Nolan, P. L. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Profumo, S. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ripken, J. Ritz, S. Roth, M. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sander, A. Schalk, T. L. Sgro, C. Siegal-Gaskins, J. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. S. Strong, A. W. Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Yang, Z. Ylinen, T. Zaharijas, G. Ziegler, M. TI Searches for cosmic-ray electron anisotropies with the Fermi Large Area Telescope SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ARRIVAL DIRECTIONS; SPECTRUM; MILAGRO; CLUMPS AB The Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi satellite (Fermi LAT) detected more than 1.6 x 10(6) cosmic-ray electrons/positrons with energies above 60 GeV during its first year of operation. The arrival directions of these events were searched for anisotropies of angular scale extending from similar to 10 degrees up to 90 degrees, and of minimum energy extending from 60 GeV up to 480 GeV. Two independent techniques were used to search for anisotropies, both resulting in null results. Upper limits on the degree of the anisotropy were set that depended on the analyzed energy range and on the anisotropy's angular scale. The upper limits for a dipole anisotropy ranged from similar to 0.5% to similar to 10%. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Profumo, S.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Profumo, S.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Di Bernardo, G.; Gaggero, D.; Grasso, D.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA IRFU CNRS, Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Gustafsson, M.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Carrigan, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Celik, Oe; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.; Thompson, D. J.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe; Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Celik, Oe; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Cheung, C. C.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Parent, D.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.; Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cheung, C. C.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Mehault, J.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, CNRS, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Garde, M. Llena; Ripken, J.; Yang, Z.; Zaharijas, G.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Cuoco, A.; Garde, M. Llena; Moretti, E.; Ripken, J.; Yang, Z.; Ylinen, T.; Zaharijas, G.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astron Trieste, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hayashi, K.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Giommi, P.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hughes, R. E.; Sander, A.; Siegal-Gaskins, J.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kataoka, J.; Nakamori, T.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux 1, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS IN2p3, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Moretti, E.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Okumura, A.; Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Orlando, E.; Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Tramacere, A.] INTEGRAL Sci Data Ctr, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. [Zaharijas, G.] CEA Saclay, Inst Theoret Phys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Ackermann, M (reprint author), Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM mazziotta@ba.infn.it; vvasilei@milkyway.gsfc.nasa.gov RI giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; Grasso, Dario/I-2440-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; OI De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Moretti, Elena/0000-0001-5477-9097; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Grasso, Dario/0000-0001-7761-7242; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Zaharijas, Gabrijela/0000-0001-8484-7791; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726 NR 36 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD NOV 18 PY 2010 VL 82 IS 9 AR 092003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.82.092003 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 682KI UT WOS:000284402000001 ER PT J AU Hedlin, MAH Drob, D Walker, K de Groot-Hedlin, C AF Hedlin, Michael A. H. Drob, Doug Walker, Kris de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine TI A study of acoustic propagation from a large bolide in the atmosphere with a dense seismic network SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID INFRASOUND PROPAGATION; SOUND-PROPAGATION; GRAVITY-WAVES; THERMOSPHERE; EARTHQUAKE; WINDS AB A large meteor entered the atmosphere above northeastern Oregon on 19 February 2008 at 530 PST. Several hundreds of broadband seismic stations in the U.S. Pacific Northwest recorded acoustic-to-seismic coupled signals from this event. The travel times of the first arriving energy are consistent with a terminal explosion source model, suggesting that the large size of the explosion masked any signals associated with a continuous line source along its supersonic trajectory. Several infrasound arrays in North America also recorded this event. Both the seismic and infrasound data have been used to locate the explosion in 3-D space and time. Climatological atmospheric velocity models predict that infrasound signals from sources that occur at mid-northern latitudes in winter are usually ducted to the east due to eastward zonal winds. In this paper, we analyze travel time picks and use 3-D ray tracing to generate synthetic travel times based on various atmospheric models to show that the seismic network data instead reveal a predominant westward propagation direction. A sudden stratospheric warming event that reversed the zonal wind flow explains this westward propagation. The seismic data illuminate in unprecedented spatial detail the range and azimuthal definition of shadow zones out to a range of 500 km, suggesting that dense seismic networks can be used to study infrasound propagation at spatial resolutions that exceed that which can be done with only a handful of globally distributed infrasound arrays. C1 [Hedlin, Michael A. H.; Walker, Kris; de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Lab Atmospher Acoust, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Drob, Doug] USN, Res Lab, Upper Atmospher Modeling Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hedlin, MAH (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Lab Atmospher Acoust, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine/A-4919-2013; Drob, Douglas/G-4061-2014 OI de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine/0000-0002-3063-2805; Drob, Douglas/0000-0002-2045-7740 FU U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command FX This study would not have been possible without generous contributions from a large group of people. We are deeply indebted to Matt Fouch (University of Arizona) and David James (Carnegie Institution of Washington) for giving us access to data from their High Lava Plains Seismic Experiment. We are also very much indebted to Gene Humphries (University of Oregon) for giving us access to data from the Wallowa Flexible Array Experiment. We would like to extend our deep appreciation to Jeffrey Brower of the Global Meteor Scatter Network for providing us with the video from his all-sky camera in West Kelowna, British Columbia, and his estimate of the azimuth to the terminal burst. We would like to thank Alan Hildebrand of the University of Calgary and Don Hladiuk for providing us with the Calgary all-sky video and terminal burst time. In particular, we would like to acknowledge Earthscope and IRIS for the data from USArray, without which this study would not have been possible. The ECMWF data have been kindly provided by the Provisional Technical Secretariat of CTBTO solely for the purpose of CTBT-related scientific and technical activities. We frequently used Boulder Real-Time Technologies Antelope software to analyze the data. We would like to extend our deep appreciation to two anonymous reviewers who provided insightful comments and made numerous suggestions that strengthened our paper. This publication was made possible through the support provided by the U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command. NR 61 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD NOV 17 PY 2010 VL 115 AR B11312 DI 10.1029/2010JB007669 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 683PG UT WOS:000284487100004 ER PT J AU Juliano, JJ Porter, K Mwapasa, V Sem, R Rogers, WO Ariey, F Wongsrichanalai, C Read, A Meshnick, SR AF Juliano, Jonathan J. Porter, Kimberly Mwapasa, Victor Sem, Rithy Rogers, William O. Ariey, Frederic Wongsrichanalai, Chansuda Read, Andrew Meshnick, Steven R. TI Exposing malaria in-host diversity and estimating population diversity by capture-recapture using massively parallel pyrosequencing SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium falciparum; next generation sequencing ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM INFECTIONS; HETERODUPLEX TRACKING ASSAY; SPECIES-RICHNESS; DRUG-RESISTANCE; ANTIMALARIAL TRIALS; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; PCR; PARASITES; RECOMBINATION; TRANSMISSION AB Malaria infections commonly contain multiple genetically distinct variants. Mathematical and animal models suggest that interactions among these variants have a profound impact on the emergence of drug resistance. However, methods currently used for quantifying parasite diversity in individual infections are insensitive to low-abundance variants and are not quantitative for variant population sizes. To more completely describe the in-host complexity and ecology of malaria infections, we used massively parallel pyrosequencing to characterize malaria parasite diversity in the infections of a group of patients. By individually sequencing single strands of DNA in a complex mixture, this technique can quantify uncommon variants in mixed infections. The in-host diversity revealed by this method far exceeded that described by currently recommended genotyping methods, with as many as sixfold more variants per infection. In addition, in paired pre- and posttreatment samples, we show a complex milieu of parasites, including variants likely up-selected and down-selected by drug therapy. As with all surveys of diversity, sampling limitations prevent full discovery and differences in sampling effort can confound comparisons among samples, hosts, and populations. Here, we used ecological approaches of species accumulation curves and capture-recapture to estimate the number of variants we failed to detect in the population, and show that these methods enable comparisons of diversity before and after treatment, as well as between malaria populations. The combination of ecological statistics and massively parallel pyrosequencing provides a powerful tool for studying the evolution of drug resistance and the in-host ecology of malaria infections. C1 [Juliano, Jonathan J.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Porter, Kimberly; Meshnick, Steven R.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Mwapasa, Victor] Univ Malawi, Coll Med, Dept Community Hlth, Blantyre 3, Malawi. [Sem, Rithy] Natl Ctr Parasitol Entomol & Malaria Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Rogers, William O.; Wongsrichanalai, Chansuda] USN, Med Res Unit 2, Honolulu, HI 96860 USA. [Ariey, Frederic] Inst Pasteur Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Read, Andrew] Penn State Univ, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Read, Andrew] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Read, Andrew] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Juliano, JJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. EM jjuliano@med.unc.edu RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [1R21AI076785, T32-AI070114-01]; National Center for Research Resources [KL2RR025746] FX We thank Xiaojun Guan for cluster computing support. We are also grateful to Dr. Socheat Duong and Dr. Sinuon Muth of the Cambodian National Malaria Control Program for their support. We thank Steve Taylor, Ian Hastings, and our anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful reviews. This project was funded by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Grant 1R21AI076785, National Center for Research Resources Award KL2RR025746 (to J.J.J.), and National Research Service Award T32-AI070114-01 from NIAID (to K.P.). A.R. has benefited from discussion with members of the Research and Policy in Infectious Disease Dynamics program of the Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security, and the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. NR 50 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 16 PY 2010 VL 107 IS 46 BP 20138 EP 20143 DI 10.1073/pnas.1007068107 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 680UT UT WOS:000284261800096 PM 21041629 ER PT J AU Neta, B Petkovic, MS AF Neta, B. Petkovic, M. S. TI Construction of optimal order nonlinear solvers using inverse interpolation SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Multipoint iterative methods; Nonlinear equations; Optimal order of convergence; Inverse interpolation ID 4TH-ORDER ITERATIVE METHODS; EQUATIONS; FAMILY; CONVERGENCE AB There is a vast literature on finding simple roots of nonlinear equations by iterative methods. These methods can be classified by order, by the information used or by efficiency. There are very few optimal methods, that is methods of order 2(m) requiring m + 1 function evaluations per iteration. Here we give a general way to construct such methods by using inverse interpolation and any optimal two-point method. The presented optimal multipoint methods are tested on numerical examples and compared to existing methods of the same order of convergence. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Neta, B.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Petkovic, M. S.] Univ Nis, Fac Elect Engn, Dept Math, Nish 18000, Serbia. RP Neta, B (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM byneta@gmail.com RI Neta, Beny/B-1737-2009; OI Neta, Beny/0000-0002-7417-7496 FU Serbian Ministry of Science [144024] FX This work was partially supported by the Serbian Ministry of Science under grant 144024. NR 23 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 EI 1873-5649 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD NOV 15 PY 2010 VL 217 IS 6 BP 2448 EP 2455 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2010.07.045 PG 8 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 665QA UT WOS:000283049300017 ER PT J AU Lindquist, JM Giraldo, FX Neta, B AF Lindquist, Joseph M. Giraldo, Francis X. Neta, Beny TI Klein-Gordon equation with advection on unbounded domains using spectral elements and high-order non-reflecting boundary conditions SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Klein-Gordon equation; Advection; High-order; Non-reflecting boundary condition; Spectral elements; Higdon; Givoli-Neta; Runge-Kutta ID TIME-DEPENDENT WAVES; DISPERSIVE WAVES; ELASTIC-WAVES; FORMULATION; EXTENSIONS AB A reduced shallow water model under constant, non-zero advection in the infinite channel is considered. High-order (Givoli-Neta) non-reflecting boundary conditions are introduced in various configurations to create a finite computational space and solved using a spectral element formulation with high-order time integration. Numerical examples are used to demonstrate the synergy of using high-order spatial, time, and boundary discretization. We show that by balancing all numerical errors involved, high-order accuracy can be achieved for unbounded domain problems. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Lindquist, Joseph M.; Giraldo, Francis X.; Neta, Beny] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Lindquist, JM (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jmlindqu@nps.edu RI Neta, Beny/B-1737-2009; OI Neta, Beny/0000-0002-7417-7496 FU US Army; Naval Postgraduate School FX The first author is indebted to the US Army for its support. The authors would like to express their appreciation to the Naval Postgraduate School for its support of this research. Finally, the authors wish to thank the reviewers for their helpful insights, suggestions and comments. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 EI 1873-5649 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD NOV 15 PY 2010 VL 217 IS 6 BP 2710 EP 2723 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2010.07.079 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 665QA UT WOS:000283049300045 ER PT J AU Nyakiti, LO Chaudhuri, J Gu, Z Edgar, JH AF Nyakiti, L. O. Chaudhuri, J. Gu, Z. Edgar, J. H. TI Transmission electron microscopy study of defects in AlN crystals with rough and smooth surface grains SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE Dislocations; Grain boundaries; Polarity; Transmission election microscopy; Sublimation-recombination crystal growth; Aluminum nitride AB Defects present in (0 0 0 1) textured polycrystalline AlN grown by the sublimation-recombination method were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. Grains in the polycrystalline boule had either a smooth or a rough surface. The rough surface grains had mainly edge dislocations, whereas the smooth surface grains had some sub-grain boundaries and were mostly free of dislocations. Dislocations at the grain boundaries were pinned and could not be annihilated. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chaudhuri, J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Nyakiti, L. O.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gu, Z.; Edgar, J. H.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Chaudhuri, J (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM jharna.chaudhuri@ttu.edu RI Chaudhuri, Jharna/E-8863-2013 FU NSF [DMR 0408774, DMR0515858]; Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the NSF grant #DMR 0408774 and # DMR0515858. TEM work was carried out at the SHaRE User Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), which is sponsored by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. The authors like to thank Dr. Ed Kenik at ORNL for many valuable suggestions and help with the TEM work. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD NOV 15 PY 2010 VL 312 IS 23 BP 3479 EP 3484 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2010.09.014 PG 6 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 686AY UT WOS:000284670400012 ER PT J AU Yin, BJ Ma, G Yen, CY Zhou, ZP Wang, GX Divino, CM Casares, S Chen, SH Yang, WC Pan, PY AF Yin, Bingjiao Ma, Ge Yen, Chun-Yu Zhou, Zuping Wang, George X. Divino, Celia M. Casares, Sofia Chen, Shu-Hsia Yang, Wen-Chin Pan, Ping-Ying TI Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Prevent Type 1 Diabetes in Murine Models SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REGULATORY T-CELLS; IMMUNE TOLERANCE; DISEASE; MICE; RECEPTOR; COSTIMULATION; PATHOGENESIS; MECHANISMS; EXPANSION; MEDIATE AB Effective immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D) relies on active induction of peripheral tolerance. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a critical role in suppressing immune responses in various pathologic settings via multiple mechanisms, including expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs). In this study, we investigated whether MDSCs could act as APCs to induce expansion of Ag-specific Tregs, suppress T cell proliferation, and prevent autoimmune T1D development. We found that MDSC-mediated expansion of Tregs and T cell suppression required MHC-dependent Ag presentation. A murine T1D model was established in INS-HA/RAG(-/-) mice in which animals received CD4-HA-TCR transgenic T cells via adoptive transfer. We found a significant reduction in the incidence of diabetes in recipients receiving MDSC plus HA, but not OVA peptide, leading to 75% diabetes-free mice among the treated animals. To test further whether MDSCs could prevent diabetes onset in NOD mice, nondiabetic NOD/SCID mice were injected with inflammatory T cells from diabetic NOD mice. MDSCs significantly prevented diabetes onset, and 60% of MDSC-treated mice remained diabetes free. The pancreata of treated mice showed significantly lower levels of lymphocyte infiltration in islet and less insulitis compared with that of the control groups. The protective effects of MDSCs might be mediated by inducing anergy in autoreactive T cells and the development of CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp3(+) Tregs. Thist study demonstrates a remarkable capacity of transferred MDSCs to downregulate Ag-specific autoimmune responses and prevent diabetes onset, suggesting that MDSCs possess great potential as a novel cell-based tolerogenic therapy in the control of T1D and other autoimmune diseases. The Journal of Immunology, 2010, 185: 5828-5834. C1 [Yin, Bingjiao; Ma, Ge; Zhou, Zuping; Wang, George X.; Chen, Shu-Hsia; Pan, Ping-Ying] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Chen, Shu-Hsia] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gen Surg, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Yen, Chun-Yu; Divino, Celia M.; Yang, Wen-Chin] Acad Sinica, Agr Biotechnol Res Ctr, Taipei, Taiwan. [Yen, Chun-Yu; Yang, Wen-Chin] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Zool, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Casares, Sofia] USN, Med Res Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program,Infect Dis Directo, Silver Spring, MD 20920 USA. RP Chen, SH (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, Box 1496,1 Gustave L Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM shu-hisa.chen@mssm.edu; wcyang@gate.sinica.edu.tw; ping-ying.pan@mssm.edu RI Yang, Wen-Chin/D-3441-2015 FU National Cancer Institute [CA70337, CA109322, DK073603]; Black Family Stem Cell Foundation FX This work was supported in part by National Cancer Institute RO1 Grants CA70337, CA109322, and DK073603 and by a grant from Black Family Stem Cell Foundation. NR 29 TC 70 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD NOV 15 PY 2010 VL 185 IS 10 BP 5828 EP 5834 DI 10.4049/jimmunol.0903636 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 675RJ UT WOS:000283848000020 PM 20956337 ER PT J AU Hastings, AS Tulchinsky, DA Williams, KJ Pan, H Beling, A Campbell, JC AF Hastings, Alexander S. Tulchinsky, David A. Williams, Keith J. Pan, Huapu Beling, Andreas Campbell, Joe C. TI Minimizing Photodiode Nonlinearities by Compensating Voltage-Dependent Responsivity Effects SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Distortion; nonlinearities; p-i-n photodiodes ID HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR-TRANSISTORS; ELECTRIC-FIELD; PHOTODETECTORS; MULTIPLICATION AB Two voltage-dependant responsivity effects, impact ionization and Franz-Keldysh oscillations, are shown to have opposing effects at certain wavelengths in p-i-n photodiodes. It is shown that these two effects can compensate each other and minimize photodiode nonlinearities when optimized with respect to wavelength and bias voltage. C1 [Hastings, Alexander S.; Tulchinsky, David A.; Williams, Keith J.] USN, Res Lab, Photon Technol Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pan, Huapu; Beling, Andreas; Campbell, Joe C.] Univ Virginia, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RP Hastings, AS (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM alex.hastings@nrl.navy.mil RI Pan, Huapu/C-8987-2011; Pan, Huapu/F-9019-2011 NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0733-8724 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD NOV 15 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 22 BP 3329 EP 3333 DI 10.1109/JLT.2010.2081968 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA 684GZ UT WOS:000284539700001 ER PT J AU Montes-Hugo, MA Churnside, JH Gould, RW Arnone, RA Foy, R AF Montes-Hugo, M. A. Churnside, J. H. Gould, R. W. Arnone, R. A. Foy, R. TI Spatial coherence between remotely sensed ocean color data and vertical distribution of lidar backscattering in coastal stratified waters SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Vertical structure; Inherent optical properties; Statistical modes; Ocean color; Passive optical data; Backscattering; Lidar; Alaska; Coastal waters ID DIFFUSE REFLECTANCE; NATURAL-WATERS; PHYTOPLANKTON; CHLOROPHYLL; ATLANTIC; LIGHT; MODEL; BIGHT; SHIP AB Detection of sub-surface optical layers in marine waters has important applications in fisheries management, climate modeling, and decision-based systems related to military operations. Concurrent changes in the magnitude and spatial variability of remote sensing reflectance (R(rs)) ratios and submerged scattering layers were investigated in coastal waters of the northern Gulf of Alaska during summer of 2002 based on high resolution and simultaneous passive (MicroSAS) and active (Fish Lidar Oceanic Experimental, FLOE) optical measurements. Principal Component Analysis revealed that the spatial variability of total lidar backscattering signal (5) between 2.1 and 20 m depth was weakly associated with changes in the inherent optical properties (IOPs) of surface waters. Also based on a 250-m footprint, the vertical attenuation of S was inversely related to the IOPs (Spearman Rank Correlation up to -0.43). Low (arithmetic average and standard deviation) and high (skewness and kurtosis) moments of R(rs)(443)/R(rs)(490) and R(rs)(508)/R(rs)(555) ratios were correlated with vertical changes in total lidar backscattering signal (5) at different locations. This suggests the use of sub-pixel ocean color statistics to infer the spatial distribution of sub-surface scattering layers in coastal waters characterized by stratified conditions, well defined S layers (i.e., magnitude of S maximum comparable to near surface values), and relatively high vertically integrated phytoplankton pigments in the euphotic zone (chlorophyll a concentration >150 mg m(-2)). (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Montes-Hugo, M. A.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39529 USA. [Churnside, J. H.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Montes-Hugo, M. A.; Gould, R. W.; Arnone, R. A.] NASA, Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Foy, R.] NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA. RP Montes-Hugo, MA (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39529 USA. EM mmontes@ngi.msstate.edu RI Churnside, James/H-4873-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015 FU NRL [PE0601153N] FX This work was supported by the NRL internal project "3D Remote Sensing with a Multiple-Band Active and Passive System: Theoretical Basis", PE0601153N. We thank the captain and crew of the FV Laura of Kodiak, the pilot of the aircraft, and Tim Veenstra at Airborne Technologies Inc. (Wasilla, Alaska). NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD NOV 15 PY 2010 VL 114 IS 11 BP 2584 EP 2593 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2010.05.023 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 655IE UT WOS:000282242000017 ER PT J AU Arrigo, KR Pabi, S van Dijken, GL Maslowski, W AF Arrigo, Kevin R. Pabi, Sudeshna van Dijken, Gert L. Maslowski, Wieslaw TI Air-sea flux of CO2 in the Arctic Ocean, 1998-2003 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article AB The Arctic Ocean has experienced an unprecedented reduction in sea ice over the last 3 decades, increasing the potential for greater exchange of gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) between the atmosphere and the upper ocean. The present study utilizes remotely sensed data on distributions of both sea ice and chlorophyll a, together with modeled temperature and salinity fields, to obtain high-resolution basin-scale estimates of the air-sea flux of CO2 (FCO2) in the Arctic Ocean for the years 1998-2003. Concentrations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) were derived from multiple linear regression relationships with sea surface temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll a. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)) in surface waters was computed from DIC and alkalinity, the latter of which varied with salinity. FCO2 was calculated from the air-sea difference in pCO(2) and wind speed. Annual FCO2 was highest in the Atlantic-dominated Greenland and Barents sectors due to their lower sea ice cover, although area-normalized FCO2 in these sectors was low. Only the Siberian sector exhibited a significant increase in annual FCO2 during the time of our study, due to a corresponding increase in ice-free water. Overall, the Arctic Ocean was a net atmospheric sink for CO2, with annual FCO2 averaging 118 +/- 7 Tg C yr(-1) during 1998-2003. C1 [Arrigo, Kevin R.; Pabi, Sudeshna; van Dijken, Gert L.] Stanford Univ, Dept Environm Earth Syst Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Maslowski, Wieslaw] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Arrigo, KR (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Environm Earth Syst Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM arrigo@stanford.edu RI Van Dijken, Gert/C-5276-2011 FU NASA [NNG05GC92G] FX We thank all the members of the Arrigo research group for their helpful discussions and suggestions to improve the manuscript. We also thank the Shelf Basin Interaction (SBI) project for providing some of the data used to develop the algorithms presented in this paper. This research was supported by NASA grant NNG05GC92G to K. Arrigo. NR 57 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD NOV 12 PY 2010 VL 115 AR G04024 DI 10.1029/2009JG001224 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 680GT UT WOS:000284221100001 ER PT J AU Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Alekseev, I Alford, J Anderson, BD Anson, D Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barnby, LS Baumgart, S Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Biritz, B Bland, LC Bonner, BE Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bridgeman, A Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Catu, O Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Chung, P Clarke, RF Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Dash, S Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Efimov, LG Elhalhuli, E Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Eun, L Evdokimov, O Fachini, P Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Ganti, MS Garcia-Solis, EJ Geromitsos, A Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Guertin, SM Gupta, A Guryn, W Haag, B Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffman, AM Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Huang, B Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jena, C Jin, F Jones, CL Jones, PG Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kajimoto, K Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kizka, V Klein, SR Knospe, AG Kocoloski, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Koroleva, L Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Krus, M Kumar, L Kurnadi, P Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, CH Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, L Li, N Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lin, G Lin, XY Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, J Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Love, WA Lu, Y Lukashov, EV Luo, X Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McDonald, D McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mischke, A Mitrovski, MK Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nattrass, C Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Ng, MJ Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Phatak, SC Pile, P Planinic, M Ploskon, MA Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Poskanzer, AM Potukuchi, BVKS Powell, CB Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Qiu, H Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Sahoo, R Sakai, S Sakrejda, I Sakuma, T Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Staszak, D Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Timoshenko, S Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Tram, VN Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Leeuwen, M van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, YF Xie, W Xu, H Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yepes, P Yip, K Yoo, IK Yue, Q Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhou, J Zhou, W Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y AF Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anderson, B. D. Anson, Daniel Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Barnby, L. S. Baumgart, S. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Biritz, B. Bland, L. C. Bonner, B. E. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bridgeman, A. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. de la Barca Sanchez, M. Calderon Catu, O. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chajecki, Z. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Chung, P. Clarke, R. F. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Das, D. Dash, S. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Dunlop, J. C. Mazumdar, M. R. 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Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Krus, M. Kumar, L. Kurnadi, P. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, C-H Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, L. Li, N. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lin, G. Lin, X. Y. Lindenbaum, S. J. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, H. Liu, J. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Love, W. A. Lu, Y. Lukashov, E. V. Luo, X. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Mangotra, L. K. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. Matulenko, Yu. A. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mischke, A. Mitrovski, M. K. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Nandi, B. K. Nattrass, C. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Netrakanti, P. K. Ng, M. J. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Peitzmann, T. Perevoztchikov, V. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Phatak, S. C. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Ploskon, M. A. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Poskanzer, A. M. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Powell, C. B. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Rose, A. Roy, C. Ruan, L. Sahoo, R. Sakai, S. Sakrejda, I. Sakuma, T. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. R. Seele, J. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Sorensen, P. Sowinski, J. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Staszak, D. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Timoshenko, S. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Tram, V. N. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tsai, O. D. Ulery, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Leeuwen, M. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. F. Xie, W. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K Yue, Q. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhou, J. Zhou, W. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneev, R. Zoulkarneeva, Y. CA STAR Collaboration TI Measurement of the Bottom Quark Contribution to Nonphotonic Electron Production in p plus p Collisions at root s=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TOMOGRAPHY; MATTER AB The contribution of B meson decays to nonphotonic electrons, which are mainly produced by the semileptonic decays of heavy-flavor mesons, in p + p collisions at root s = 200 GeV has been measured using azimuthal correlations between nonphotonic electrons and hadrons. The extracted B decay contribution is approximately 50% at a transverse momentum of p(T) >= 5 GeV/c. These measurements constrain the nuclear modification factor for electrons from B and D meson decays. The result indicates that B meson production in heavy ion collisions is also suppressed at high p(T). C1 [Bridgeman, A.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barnby, L. S.; Elhalhuli, E.; Jones, P. G.; Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Arkhipkin, D.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Love, W. A.; Ogawa, A.; Perevoztchikov, V.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Ng, M. J.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [de la Barca Sanchez, M. Calderon; Cebra, D.; Das, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Liu, H.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.; Salur, S.; Sangaline, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Biritz, B.; Cendejas, R.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Ghazikhanian, V.; Guertin, S. M.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Kurnadi, P.; Sakai, S.; Staszak, D.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.; Xu, W.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Betts, R. R.; Evdokimov, O.; Garcia-Solis, E. J.; Hofman, D. J.; Kauder, K.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; McShane, T. S.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Chung, P.; Kapitan, J.; Kouchpil, V.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. [Kollegger, T.; Mitrovski, M. K.; Schuster, T. R.; Stock, R.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. [Dash, S.; Jena, C.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Phatak, S. C.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Sowinski, J.; Stevens, J. R.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Koroleva, L.; Morozov, B.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Dogra, S. M.; Gupta, A.; Mangotra, L. K.; Potukuchi, B. V. K. S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Alakhverdyants, A. V.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Kizka, V.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneev, R.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Alford, J.; Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kumar, L.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Subba, N. L.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Fatemi, R.; Fersch, R. G.; Korsch, W.; Webb, G.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Qiu, H.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.; Zhan, W.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Ahammed, Z.; Dong, X.; Grebenyuk, O.; Hjort, E.; Jacobs, P.; Kikola, D. P.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Ploskon, M. A.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Powell, C. B.; Ritter, H. G.; Rose, A.; Sakrejda, I.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Tram, V. N.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Corliss, R.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Hoffman, A. M.; Jones, C. L.; Kocoloski, A.; Leight, W.; Milner, R.; Redwine, R.; Sakuma, T.; Seele, J.; Surrow, B.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Walker, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.; Simon, F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Tarnowsky, T.; Wang, H.; Westfall, G. 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[Hirsch, A.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Ulery, J.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Lee, C-H; Yoo, I-K] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Bonner, B. E.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.; Zhou, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Huang, B.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Luo, X.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Li, X.; Xu, Q. H.; Zhou, W.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Chen, J. H.; Han, L-X; Jin, F.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Tian, J.; Xue, L.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. 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P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Kisiel, A.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bellwied, R.; De Silva, L. C.; Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Li, N.; Li, Z. M.; Lin, X. Y.; Liu, F.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y. F.; Zhang, J. B.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Baumgart, S.; Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Catu, O.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Lin, G.; Majka, R.; Nattrass, C.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Aggarwal, MM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Xue, Liang/F-8077-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013 OI Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Xue, Liang/0000-0002-2321-9019; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900 FU RHIC Operations Group; RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; Open Science Grid consortium; Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG, Germany; CNRS/IN2P3; STFC; EPSRC of the United Kingdom; FAPESP; CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Ed. and Sci. of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; GA; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM; NWO of the Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Sci. and Higher Ed.; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Sci., Ed. and Sports of the Rep. Of Croatia; Russian Ministry of Sci. and Tech; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, the Sloan Foundation, the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" of Germany, CNRS/IN2P3, STFC and EPSRC of the United Kingdom, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, Ministry of Ed. and Sci. of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FOM and NWO of the Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, Polish Ministry of Sci. and Higher Ed., Korea Research Foundation, Ministry of Sci., Ed. and Sports of the Rep. Of Croatia, Russian Ministry of Sci. and Tech, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 20 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 12 PY 2010 VL 105 IS 20 AR 202301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.202301 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 679FU UT WOS:000284147800003 PM 21231222 ER PT J AU Bernstein, N Kulp, JL Cato, MA Clark, TD AF Bernstein, Noam Kulp, John L., III Cato, Michael A., Jr. Clark, Thomas D. TI Simulations of Nanocylinders Self-Assembled from Cyclic beta-Tripeptides SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC NANOTUBES; AB-INITIO; PEPTIDE; DENSITY; APPROXIMATION; TETRAPEPTIDE; ARCHITECTURE; EXCHANGE; LIGANDS; ACIDS AB This paper examines the self-assembly of cyclic beta-tripeptides using density functional theory On the basis of literature precedents, those cyclic. peptides were expected to sell-assemble into cylindrical structures by stacking through backbone-backbone hydrogen bonding Our calculations show that such stacking is energetically favorable. that the. association energy per cyclic peptide decreases (becomes more favorable), and that the overall macrodipole moment of the cylindrical assembly increases with the number or stacked rings, for up to eight rings For a Stucture in which two peptide ring units are joined through a single side chain-side chain covalent linker, the association energy between the two rings is favorable, albeit less so than for the unlinked rings Significantly the association energy in the dimers is only weakly dependent on the length (above a certain minimum) and conformation of the covalent linkers Finally as a plausible tome for controlling assembly/disassembly of nanocylinders, we show that, lot it pair of rings. each beating a single ammo-functionalized side chain, protonation of the amino group results in a strongly positive (unfavorable) association energy between the two rings. C1 [Bernstein, Noam; Kulp, John L., III; Clark, Thomas D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cato, Michael A., Jr.] Jackson State Univ, Dept Chem, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. [Cato, Michael A., Jr.] Jackson State Univ, Interdisciplinary Ctr Nanotox, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. RP Bernstein, N (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research; Air Force Research Laboratory High Perfromance Computing Center FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and The Naval Research Laboratory's Institute for Nanoscience Computations were carried out at the Air Force Research Laboratory High Perfromance Computing Center. the Mississippi Center for Supercomputing Research (Jackson State University). and the Wroclaw Centre for Networking and Supercomputing (Wroclaw University of Techology. Poland). We thank Dmitri Petrovykh for helpful discussions NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD NOV 11 PY 2010 VL 114 IS 44 BP 11948 EP 11952 DI 10.1021/jp103447w PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 673ZR UT WOS:000283703200011 PM 20961136 ER PT J AU Bartnik, AC Efros, AL Koh, WK Murray, CB Wise, FW AF Bartnik, A. C. Efros, Al. L. Koh, W. -K. Murray, C. B. Wise, F. W. TI Electronic states and optical properties of PbSe nanorods and nanowires SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DOTS; SHAPE CONTROL; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; INTERBAND ABSORPTION; ORIENTED ATTACHMENT; MAGNETIC-FIELD; NANOCRYSTALS; CONFINEMENT; WIRES; SPECTROSCOPY AB A theory of the electronic-structure and excitonic absorption spectra of PbS and PbSe nanowires and nanorods in the framework of a four-band effective-mass model is presented. Calculations conducted for PbSe show that dielectric contrast dramatically strengthens the exciton binding in narrow nanowires and nanorods. However, the self-interaction energies of the electron and hole nearly cancel the Coulomb binding, and as a result the optical absorption spectra are practically unaffected by the strong dielectric contrast between PbSe and the surrounding medium. Measurements of the size-dependent absorption spectra of colloidal PbSe nanorods are also presented. Using room-temperature energy-band parameters extracted from the optical spectra of spherical PbSe nanocrystals, the theory provides good quantitative agreement with the measured spectra. C1 [Bartnik, A. C.; Wise, F. W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Efros, Al. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Koh, W. -K.; Murray, C. B.] Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Murray, C. B.] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Bartnik, AC (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Koh, Weon-kyu/G-8623-2013; OI Koh, Weon-kyu/0000-0002-6913-4184 FU Cornell Center for Nanoscale Systems (CNS) through National Science Foundation [EEC-0646547]; National Science Foundation [DMR 0520404, DMS-0935165]; Nano/Bio Interface Center through the National Science Foundation (NSEC) [DMR08-32802] FX A. C. B. thanks Jun Yang for assistance with numerical optimizations and for enlightening discussions. This work was supported by the Cornell Center for Nanoscale Systems (CNS) through National Science Foundation under Grant No. EEC-0646547 and in part by the Cornell Center for Materials Research (CCMR) with funding from the Materials Research Science and Engineering Center program of the National Science Foundation (cooperative Agreement No. DMR 0520404). Al.L.E. thanks the U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). W.-K.K. and C. B. M. acknowledge financial support from the NSF under Grant No. DMS-0935165. This research was partially supported by the Nano/Bio Interface Center through the National Science Foundation (NSEC Grant No. DMR08-32802) with a seed grant that initiated the investigation of the synthesis of the nanorods. NR 64 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 57 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 11 PY 2010 VL 82 IS 19 AR 195313 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.195313 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 678PC UT WOS:000284090600004 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Allafort, A Atwood, WB Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Baring, MG Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bhat, PN Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Brez, A Briggs, MS Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Burnett, TH Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Carrigan, S Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Celik, O Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chen, AW Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Connaughton, V Conrad, J Costamante, L Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Dingus, BL Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Finke, J Fortin, P Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giglietto, N Gilmore, RC Giommi, P Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Granot, J Greiner, J Grenier, IA Grove, JE Guiriec, S Gustafsson, M Hadasch, D Hayashida, M Hays, E Horan, D Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Knodlseder, J Kocevski, D Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lee, SH Garde, ML Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Makeev, A Mazziotta, N McConville, W McEnery, JE McGlynn, S Mehault, J Meszaros, P Michelson, PF Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Moretti, E Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Naumann-Godo, M Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Primack, JR Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Reyes, LC Ripken, J Ritz, S Romani, RW Roth, M Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Scargle, JD Schalk, TL Sgro, C Shaw, MS Siskind, EJ Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stecker, FW Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V von Kienlin, A Waite, AP Wang, P Wilson-Hodge, C Winer, BL Wood, KS Yamazaki, R Yang, Z Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Allafort, A. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bhat, P. N. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Briggs, M. S. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Burnett, T. H. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Carrigan, S. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Celik, O. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chen, A. W. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Connaughton, V. Conrad, J. Costamante, L. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Dingus, B. L. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Finke, J. Fortin, P. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Gilmore, R. C. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Granot, J. Greiner, J. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Guiriec, S. Gustafsson, M. Hadasch, D. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Knoedlseder, J. Kocevski, D. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lee, S-H Garde, M. Llena Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. McGlynn, S. Mehault, J. Meszaros, P. Michelson, P. F. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Naumann-Godo, M. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Primack, J. R. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reyes, L. C. Ripken, J. Ritz, S. Romani, R. W. Roth, M. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Scargle, J. D. Schalk, T. L. Sgro, C. Shaw, M. S. Siskind, E. J. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stecker, F. W. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. von Kienlin, A. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Wilson-Hodge, C. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Yamazaki, R. Yang, Z. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE CONSTRAINTS ON THE GAMMA-RAY OPACITY OF THE UNIVERSE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE diffuse radiation; dust, extinction; gamma rays: general ID EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; INTERGALACTIC MAGNETIC-FIELDS; ALL-SKY SURVEY; TEV BLAZARS; DETECTED BLAZARS; LIKELIHOOD RATIO; SPACE-TELESCOPE; GALAXY COUNTS; GEV EMISSION; UPPER LIMITS AB The extragalactic background light (EBL) includes photons with wavelengths from ultraviolet to infrared, which are effective at attenuating gamma rays with energy above similar to 10 GeV during propagation from sources at cosmological distances. This results in a redshift- and energy-dependent attenuation of the gamma-ray flux of extragalactic sources such as blazars and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). The Large Area Telescope on board Fermi detects a sample of gamma-ray blazars with redshift up to z similar to 3, and GRBs with redshift up to z similar to 4.3. Using photons above 10 GeV collected by Fermi over more than one year of observations for these sources, we investigate the effect of gamma-ray flux attenuation by the EBL. We place upper limits on the gamma-ray opacity of the universe at various energies and redshifts and compare this with predictions from well-known EBL models. We find that an EBL intensity in the optical-ultraviolet wavelengths as great as predicted by the "baseline" model of Stecker et al. can be ruled out with high confidence. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocevski, D.; Lande, J.; Lee, S-H; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocevski, D.; Lande, J.; Lee, S-H; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Cheung, C. C.; Dermer, C. D.; Finke, J.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Parent, D.; Razzaque, S.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Cheung, C. C.; Finke, J.; Razzaque, S.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Gilmore, R. C.; Johnson, R. P.; Primack, J. R.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Gilmore, R. C.; Johnson, R. P.; Primack, J. R.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Lab AIM, CEA,IRFU,CNRS,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Moretti, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Moretti, E.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Gustafsson, M.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Carrigan, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Brandt, T. J.; Hughes, R. E.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bhat, P. N.; Briggs, M. S.; Connaughton, V.; Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.; Horan, D.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.; Chen, A. W.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.] Sci Data Ctr, ASI, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Celik, O.; Gehrels, N.; Hays, E.; McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.; Stecker, F. W.; Thompson, D. J.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, O.; Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, O.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Celik, O.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.; Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Mehault, J.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Garde, M. Llena; Ripken, J.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Garde, M. Llena; McGlynn, S.; Ripken, J.; Yang, Z.; Ylinen, T.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Coll Udine, Sez Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dingus, B. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Granot, J.] Univ Hertfordshire, Sci & Technol Res Inst, Ctr Astrophys Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Greiner, J.; Orlando, E.; von Kienlin, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Kataoka, J.; Nakamori, T.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Lott, B.] Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Lott, B.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McGlynn, S.; Ylinen, T.] AlbaNova, Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Meszaros, P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ohno, M.; Okumura, A.; Ozaki, M.; Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reyes, L. C.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Tramacere, A.] INTEGRAL Sci Data Ctr, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Wilson-Hodge, C.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Yamazaki, R.] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Bouvier, A (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM bouvier@stanford.edu; chen@iasf-milano.inaf.it; silvia.raino@ba.infn.it; md.razzaque.ctr.bg@nrl.navy.mil; anita.reimer@uibk.ac.at; lreyes@kicp.uchicago.edu RI Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Stecker, Floyd/D-3169-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; OI Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Dingus, Brenda/0000-0001-8451-7450; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Moretti, Elena/0000-0001-5477-9097; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726 FU Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago [NSF PHY-0114422, NSF PHY-0551142]; Marie Curie IRG [248037] FX The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. The Fermi GBM collaboration acknowledges support for GBM development, operations and data analysis from NASA in the US and BMWi/DLR in Germany. L.R.C. acknowledges support by the Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago through grants NSF PHY-0114422 and NSF PHY-0551142 and an endowment from the Kavli Foundation and its founder Fred Kavli. A. R. acknowledges support by Marie Curie IRG grant 248037 within the FP7 Program. Furthermore, helpful comments from the referee are acknowledged. NR 83 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 3 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 2010 VL 723 IS 2 BP 1082 EP 1096 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/723/2/1082 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 678QA UT WOS:000284093700011 ER PT J AU Zhu, JA Krivorotov, IN Halterman, K Valls, OT AF Zhu, Jian Krivorotov, Ilya N. Halterman, Klaus Valls, Oriol T. TI Angular Dependence of the Superconducting Transition Temperature in Ferromagnet-Superconductor-Ferromagnet Trilayers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ODD TRIPLET SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB The superconducting transition temperature T-c of a ferromagnet (F)-superconductor (S)-ferromagnet trilayer depends on the mutual orientation of the magnetic moments of the F layers. This effect has been previously observed in F/S/F systems as a T-c difference between parallel and antiparallel configurations of the F layers. Here we report measurements of T-c in CuNi/Nb/CuNi trilayers as a function of the angle between the magnetic moments of the CuNi ferromagnets. The observed angular dependence of T-c is in qualitative agreement with a F/S proximity theory that accounts for the odd triplet component of the condensate predicted to arise for noncollinear orientation of the magnetic moments of the F layers. C1 [Zhu, Jian; Krivorotov, Ilya N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Halterman, Klaus] USN, Res & Intelligence Dept, Div Phys, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Valls, Oriol T.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Valls, Oriol T.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Zhu, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RI Zhu, Jian/C-3248-2012; Halterman, Klaus/G-3826-2012; OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134 FU NSF [DMR-0748810, ECCS-1002358]; ONR; DOD HPCMP; HPC FX This work was supported by NSF Grants No. DMR-0748810 and No. ECCS-1002358. K. H. is supported in part by ONR and by a grant of HPC resources as part of the DOD HPCMP. NR 28 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 10 PY 2010 VL 105 IS 20 AR 207002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.207002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 678DP UT WOS:000284052700013 PM 21231256 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, NF Roediger, M Hullsiek, KH Ganesan, A Landrum, M Weintrob, A Agan, B Medina, S Rahkola, J Hale, B Janoff, EN AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Roediger, Mollie Hullsiek, Kathy Huppler Ganesan, Anuradha Landrum, Michael Weintrob, Amy Agan, Brian Medina, Sheila Rahkola, Jeremy Hale, Braden Janoff, Edward N. CA Infect Dis Clinical Res Program HI TI The association of ethnicity with antibody responses to pneumococcal vaccination among adults with HIV infection SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Ethnicity; Antibodies; Pneumococcal vaccination; HIV ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; HIV-1-INFECTED UGANDAN ADULTS; POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; RISK-FACTORS; RESISTANCE PATTERNS; CLINICAL-FEATURES; CHARLESTON COUNTY; CONJUGATE VACCINE; SOUTH-CAROLINA; DISEASE AB Ethnicity may be associated with the incidence of pneumococcal infections and the frequency of protective vaccine responses. Earlier studies have suggested that HIV-infected persons of black ethnicity develop less robust immune responses to pneumococcal vaccination that may relate to their higher incidence of invasive disease. We evaluated the association of ethnicity with capsule-specific antibody responses to pneumococcal revaccination, with either the pneumococcal conjugate (PCV) or polysaccharide (PPV) vaccines among 188 HIV-infected adults. The proportion of the 77 African Americans (AA) and 111 Caucasians with comparable virologic and immunologic parameters who achieved a positive immune response (>= 2-fold rise in capsule-specific IgG from baseline with post-vaccination value >= 1 mu g/mL for >= 2 of 4 serotypes) at day 60 after revaccination was similar (43% vs. 49%, respectively, p = 0.65). Results were also similar when vaccine types (PPV and PCV) were examined separately. Mean changes in log(10) transformed IgG levels from baseline to days 60 and 180 post-vaccination were also not significantly different between AA and Caucasians. In summary, in this ethnically diverse cohort with equal access to care, we did not observe differential antibody responses between AA and Caucasian HIV-infected adults after pneumococcal revaccination. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Roediger, Mollie; Hullsiek, Kathy Huppler; Ganesan, Anuradha; Landrum, Michael; Weintrob, Amy; Agan, Brian; Medina, Sheila; Hale, Braden] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Roediger, Mollie; Hullsiek, Kathy Huppler] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Landrum, Michael] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [Weintrob, Amy] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Rahkola, Jeremy; Janoff, Edward N.] Univ Colorado, Mucosal & Vaccine Res Program Colorado MAVRC, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Hale, Braden] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Rahkola, Jeremy; Janoff, Edward N.] Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Crum-Cianflone, NF (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM nancy.crum@med.navy.mil OI Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU Department of Defense (DoD) through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences [IDCRP RV-150]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [Y1-AI-5072]; Veterans Affairs Research Service FX Support for this work (IDCRP RV-150) was provided by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072. Additional support was obtained from the Veterans Affairs Research Service. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 10 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 48 BP 7583 EP 7588 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.09.056 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 696HN UT WOS:000285432600002 PM 20887830 ER PT J AU Kaganovich, D Helle, MH Gordon, DF Ting, A AF Kaganovich, D. Helle, M. H. Gordon, D. F. Ting, A. TI Measurements of colliding shock wave and supersonic gas flow SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The collision between a laser generated shock wave and a supersonic flow from a gas jet was studied using pump-probe Schlieren shadowgraphy. The velocity of a gas escaping into vacuum from a high pressure gas jet nozzle was measured and verified in simulation. Time resolved tracking of the shock wave provided critical information about the gas jet vertical velocity and horizontal gas density profile. The measured velocity of the diatomic gas jet was found to be close to the theoretical maximum escape velocity of the gas released into vacuum. Modification of the hemispherical shock wave structure by the supersonic flow was minimal. However, the propagation of the shock wave was observed to be substantially effected by the gas flow. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3511329] C1 [Kaganovich, D.; Helle, M. H.; Gordon, D. F.; Ting, A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kaganovich, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dmitri.kaganovich@nrl.navy.mil OI Kaganovich, Dmitri/0000-0002-0905-5871 FU Department of Energy; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy and the Office of Naval Research. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 8 PY 2010 VL 97 IS 19 AR 191501 DI 10.1063/1.3511329 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 679OE UT WOS:000284169900016 ER PT J AU Tadjer, MJ Feygelson, TI Hobart, KD Caldwell, JD Anderson, TJ Butler, JE Eddy, CR Gaskill, DK Lew, KK VanMil, BL Myers-Ward, RL Kub, FJ Sollenberger, G Brillson, L AF Tadjer, Marko J. Feygelson, Tatyana I. Hobart, Karl D. Caldwell, Joshua D. Anderson, Travis J. Butler, James E. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Gaskill, D. Kurt Lew, K. K. VanMil, Brenda L. Myers-Ward, Rachael L. Kub, Fritz J. Sollenberger, Gregory Brillson, Leonard TI On the high curvature coefficient rectifying behavior of nanocrystalline diamond heterojunctions to 4H-SiC SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BACKWARD DIODES; FILMS; CATHODOLUMINESCENCE; NANODIAMOND; DETECTORS; SURFACE; TUNNEL; GROWTH; CVD AB Heterojunctions of p(+) B-doped nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) to n(-) 4H-SiC were studied by electrical and cathodoluminescence (CL) methods. Current rectification at 30 degrees C had a curvature coefficient gamma(0) of 42.1 V(-1) at zero bias, gamma(max) of 105.35 V(-1) at 0.2 V, and a reverse current of <10 nA/cm(2). The NCD sheet resistance decreased from 4.1 x 10(11) to 403.56 Omega/sq. as the carrier density N(s) was increased from 3.5 x 10(5) to 1.5 x 10(16) cm(-2) by B(2)H(6) doping. The 348 cm(2)/V-s mobility of the B-free NCD films was comparable to that of single crystal diamond. CL data revealed traps 0.6-0.8 eV from the NCD EV edge. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3515858] C1 [Tadjer, Marko J.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Feygelson, Tatyana I.] SAIC Inc, Washington, DC 20003 USA. [Hobart, Karl D.; Caldwell, Joshua D.; Anderson, Travis J.; Butler, James E.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.; Gaskill, D. Kurt; Lew, K. K.; VanMil, Brenda L.; Myers-Ward, Rachael L.; Kub, Fritz J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sollenberger, Gregory; Brillson, Leonard] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Tadjer, MJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM mtadjer@umd.edu RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; Butler, James/B-7965-2008 OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176 FU ASEE FX M.J.T. is sincerely grateful to Dr. Martin Peckerar and Dr. John Melngailis (University of Maryland) for device physics discussions. Milt Rebbert and Dr. Eugene Imhoff (NRL) were instrumental in sample preparation. Financial support for J.DC. K.K.L., R.L.M-W. and B. L. V. was partially provided by the ASEE. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 8 PY 2010 VL 97 IS 19 AR 193510 DI 10.1063/1.3515858 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 679OE UT WOS:000284169900083 ER PT J AU Cunningham, PD Hayden, LM AF Cunningham, Paul D. Hayden, L. Michael TI Optical properties of DAST in the THz range SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID TERAHERTZ-WAVE GENERATION; ORGANIC-CRYSTAL; LASER; RECTIFICATION; SPECTROSCOPY; PULSES; AIR AB We report the far-infrared properties of the organic crystal DAST, a popular terahertz emitter, from 0.6 - 12 THz through use of a THz spectrometer incorporating air-plasma THz generation and electro-optic (EO) sampling in a poled EO polymer. We identify absorption features at 1.1, 3.1, 5.2, 7.1, 8.4, 11, and 12.3 THz and at 1.1, 1.3, 1.6, 2.2, 3, 5.2, 7.2, 9.6 and 11.7 THz for a-axis and b-axis polarized THz radiation respectively. These results allow for more accurate prediction of the optimum crystal thickness for broadband THz emission via optical rectification and difference frequency generation. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Cunningham, Paul D.; Hayden, L. Michael] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Cunningham, PD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM paul.cunningham.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; hayden@umbc.edu FU National Science Foundation [DMR 0120967]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA 9550-07-1-0122] FX This material is based upon work supported by the STC program of the National Science Foundation No. DMR 0120967 and a grant from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research No. FA 9550-07-1-0122. NR 25 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 30 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD NOV 8 PY 2010 VL 18 IS 23 BP 23620 EP 23625 DI 10.1364/OE.18.023620 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 676TG UT WOS:000283940900031 PM 21164706 ER PT J AU Lu, Q Collins, GE AF Lu, Qin Collins, Greg E. TI Lab on a chip packing of submicron particles for high performance EOF pumping SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE Packed bed microchannel; EOF pump; Silica beads; High pressure; Lab on a chip ID CAPILLARY LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ELECTROOSMOTIC PUMP; ELECTROCHROMATOGRAPHY; FABRICATION; MICROCHIP; COLUMNS; SYSTEMS AB The packing of submicrometer sized silica beads inside a microchannel was enabled by a novel method which avoids the complication and limitations of generating a frit using conventional approaches and the restriction of flow using a submicrometer sized weir A micrometer sized weir and two short columns of 5 mu m and 800 nm silica beads packed in succession behind the weir together functioned as a high pressure frit to allow the construction of a primary packed bed of 390 nm silica beads This packed bed microchannel was tested as an EOF pump wherein it exhibited superior performance with regards to pressure tolerance i e sustaining good flow rate under extremely high back pressure and maximal pressure generation Under a modest applied electric field strength of 150 V/cm the flow rate against a back pressure of 1200 psi (similar to 83 MPa) was 40 nL/min and the maximal pressure reached 1470 psi (similar to 10 MPa) This work has demonstrated that it is possible to create a high performance packed bed microchannel EOF pump using nanometer sized silica beads as long as proper care is taken during the packing process to minimize the undesirable mixing of two different sized particles at the boundaries between particle segments and to maximize the packing density throughout the entire packed bed Published by Elsevier B V C1 [Lu, Qin; Collins, Greg E.] USN, Res Lab, SW Chem Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Collins, GE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, SW Chem Div, 4555 Overlook Ave,Code 6112, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX The authors would like to thank the Office of Naval Research (ONR) for funding support of this effort through the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD NOV 5 PY 2010 VL 1217 IS 45 BP 7153 EP 7157 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.09.009 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 677EX UT WOS:000283973000019 PM 20926092 ER PT J AU Sorooshian, A Murphy, SM Hersey, S Bahreini, R Jonsson, H Flagan, RC Seinfeld, JH AF Sorooshian, Armin Murphy, Shane M. Hersey, Scott Bahreini, Roya Jonsson, Haflidi Flagan, Richard C. Seinfeld, John H. TI Constraining the contribution of organic acids and AMS m/z 44 to the organic aerosol budget: On the importance of meteorology, aerosol hygroscopicity, and region SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETER; FOG DROPLETS; TOF-AMS; DASH-SP; SECONDARY; SIZE; CLOUD; ATMOSPHERE; RESOLUTION; PARTICLES AB Airborne measurements in regions of varying meteorology and pollution are used to quantify the contribution of organic acids and a mass spectral marker for oxygenated aerosols, m/z 44, to the total organic aerosol budget. Organic acids and m/z 44 separately are shown to exhibit their highest organic mass fractions in the vicinity of clouds. The contribution of such oxygenated species is shown to increase as a function of relative humidity, aerosol hygroscopicity (and decreasing organic mass fraction), and is typically greater off the California coast versus the continental atmospheres studied. Reasons include more efficient chemistry and partitioning of organic acid precursors with increasing water in the reaction medium, and high aqueous-phase processing times in boundary layers with higher cloud volume fractions. These results highlight the importance of secondary organic aerosol formation in both wet aerosols and cloud droplets. Citation: Sorooshian, A., S. M. Murphy, S. Hersey, R. Bahreini, H. Jonsson, R. C. Flagan, and J. H. Seinfeld (2010), Constraining the contribution of organic acids and AMS m/z 44 to the organic aerosol budget: On the importance of meteorology, aerosol hygroscopicity, and region, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L21807, doi: 10.1029/2010GL044951. C1 [Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Murphy, Shane M.; Bahreini, Roya] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Hersey, Scott; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Hersey, Scott; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Jonsson, Haflidi] USN, Ctr Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft S, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93933 USA. RP Sorooshian, A (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, POB 210011, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM armin@email.arizona.edu RI Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; OI Sorooshian, Armin/0000-0002-2243-2264 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-1-0811]; NASA; NRC; NOAA [NA06OAR4310082]; ONR [N00014-04-1-0118]; NSF [ATM-0340832] FX AS acknowledges support from an Office of Naval Research YIP award (N00014-10-1-0811). SMM acknowledges a NASA Earth and Space Sciences Fellowship and a NRC Postdoctoral Fellowship. The aircraft measurements were supported by NOAA grant NA06OAR4310082, ONR grant N00014-04-1-0118, and NSF grant ATM-0340832. The authors acknowledge Barbara Ervens for helpful discussions. NR 28 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD NOV 4 PY 2010 VL 37 AR L21807 DI 10.1029/2010GL044951 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 676TQ UT WOS:000283941900003 ER PT J AU DeLand, MT Shettle, EP Levelt, PF Kowalewski, MG AF DeLand, Matthew T. Shettle, Eric P. Levelt, Pieternel F. Kowalewski, Matthew G. TI Polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) observed by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on Aura SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID SOLAR BACKSCATTER ULTRAVIOLET; CALIBRATION; SATELLITE; ICE AB Backscattered ultraviolet (BUV) instruments designed for measuring stratospheric ozone profiles have proven to be robust tools for observing polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs). These measurements are available for more than 30 years and have been used to demonstrate the existence of long-term variations in PMC occurrence frequency and brightness. The Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on the EOS Aura satellite provides new and improved capabilities for PMC characterization. OMI uses smaller pixels than previous BUV instruments, which increases its ability to identify PMCs and discern more spatial structure, and its wide cross-track viewing swath provides full polar coverage up to 90 latitude every day in both hemispheres. This cross-track coverage allows the evolution of PMC regions to be followed over several consecutive orbits. Localized PMC variations determined from OMI measurements are consistent with coincident Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet model 2 (SBUV/2) measurements. Nine seasons of PMC observations from OMI are now available and clearly demonstrate the advantages of these measurements for PMC analysis. C1 [DeLand, Matthew T.; Kowalewski, Matthew G.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Shettle, Eric P.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Levelt, Pieternel F.] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands. RP DeLand, MT (reprint author), Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd,Ste 600, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. EM matthew_deland@ssaihq.com FU NASA's Office of Earth Science [NNH08CD48C]; Office of Naval Research FX Most of this work was supported by grant NNH08CD48C from NASA's Office of Earth Science. Part of E.P. Shettle's work was supported by NRL internal funding from the Office of Naval Research. We greatly appreciate many insightful discussions with Gary Thomas and John Olivero. We acknowledge the valuable comments from three anonymous reviewers. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD NOV 2 PY 2010 VL 115 AR D21301 DI 10.1029/2009JD013685 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 676UQ UT WOS:000283944500002 ER PT J AU Biffinger, JC Ringeisen, BR AF Biffinger, J. C. Ringeisen, B. R. TI Air-exposed microbial fuel cells and screening techniques SO JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 14th International Biotechnology Symposium and Exhibition (IBS-2008) CY SEP 14-18, 2010 CL Rimini, ITALY DE Microbial fuel cell; Shewanella; High throughput screening; Carbohydrates C1 [Biffinger, J. C.; Ringeisen, B. R.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1656 J9 J BIOTECHNOL JI J. Biotechnol. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 150 SU 1 BP S24 EP S25 DI 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.08.074 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 741OQ UT WOS:000288873400058 ER PT J AU Lampe, M Fernsler, RF Slinker, SP Gordon, DF AF Lampe, Martin Fernsler, Richard F. Slinker, Steven P. Gordon, Daniel F. TI Traveling wave model for laser-guided discharges SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE AIR; POSITIVE STREAMER; PLASMA CHANNEL; ELECTRICAL DISCHARGES; MEGAVOLT DISCHARGES; LEADER DISCHARGES; GROUND ROD; FILAMENTS; PULSE; BREAKDOWN AB We present an easily solvable 1D traveling wave model for laser-guided discharges By assuming constant propagation speed u, the hydro/electrodynamic/chemistry equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations in retarded time tau Negative discharges are shown to propagate only if u > mu E(b), where mu, is electron mobility and E(b) is the breakdown field, positive discharges propagate only if the channel preconductance exceeds similar to 6 X 10(-11) m/Omega The axial electric field E is shown to spike up to several times E(b) and then relax to similar to E(b) for as long as the gas remains cold In this streamer region, the channel conductance, current, and potential all increase linearly with tau The transition to the leader stage, where E is much smaller, occurs in two steps excitation of vibrational and low-lying electronic states, then gas heating The propagation range decreases as a function of initial radius and (for given maximum voltage) of the voltage rise rate Expansion of the hot channel is shown to increase the range [doi 10 1063/1 3494160] C1 [Lampe, Martin; Fernsler, Richard F.; Slinker, Steven P.; Gordon, Daniel F.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research; Army Research Office, Development and Engineering Center FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and by the Army Research Office, Development and Engineering Center The authors are grateful to Dr Phillip Sprangle for originating and encouraging this research and for contributing to the initial stages of the work The authors also extend special thanks to Dr A Wahab Ali, the guiding spirit behind the CHMAIR II code NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2010 VL 17 IS 11 AR 113511 DI 10.1063/1.3494160 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 697BB UT WOS:000285486500104 ER PT J AU Ferrer, G AF Ferrer, Geraldo TI Open architecture, inventory pooling and maintenance modules SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Open architecture; Inventory management; Pooling effects; Distribution network; Ardalan heuristics; Case study ID LOCATION; MODELS; GRAPH AB The adoption of open architecture has several economic implications in the life of an asset, including developmental, production, storage, training and maintenance costs. This research responds to an inquiry by the Program Executive Officer Integrated Weapons System (US Department of the Navy) regarding the value of open architecture (OA) in the design of complex assets. With this intent, we evaluate how the inventory allocation of spare engines for the F-16 operations in the continental United States would be affected with and without the adoption of open architecture, focusing on the benefits of inventory pooling to meet the demand of many users from a small number of storage sites. We use a distance-constrained version of the Ardalan heuristic for solving the facility location problem, responding to practical limitations exposed by the model. This article shows that open architecture may provide substantial supply chain cost reduction, and simplification of the distribution network when combined with proper inventory storage policies. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Ferrer, G (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, IN 234 555 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM gferrer@nps.edu OI Ferrer, Geraldo/0000-0003-1395-6143 FU Naval Postgraduate School Acquisition Research Chair FX The authors wish to acknowledge two anonymous referees for providing numerous suggestions that greatly improved this study. We are thankful to Retired Rear Admiral Jim Greene, the Naval Postgraduate School Acquisition Research Chair, and to Prof. Keith Snider, director of the Acquisitions Research Program, for securing the necessary research funds to support this work. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5273 J9 INT J PROD ECON JI Int. J. Prod. Econ. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 128 IS 1 SI SI BP 393 EP 403 DI 10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.07.034 PG 11 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 679BO UT WOS:000284134600039 ER PT J AU Bollt, EM Yao, C Schwartz, IB AF Bollt, Erik M. Yao, Chen Schwartz, Ira B. TI Dimensional implications of dynamical data on manifolds to empirical KL analysis SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE Dimension reduction; POD; Empirical KL analysis; Slow manifold; Singular perturbation ID CHAOS AB We explore the approximation of attracting manifolds of complex systems using dimension reducing methods. Complex systems having high-dimensional dynamics typically are initially analyzed by exploring techniques to reduce the dimension. Linear techniques, such as Galerkin projection methods, and nonlinear techniques, such as center manifold reduction are just some of the examples used to approximate the manifolds on which the attractors lie. In general, if the manifold is not highly curved, then both linear and nonlinear methods approximate the surface well. However, if the manifold curvature changes significantly with respect to parametric variations, then linear techniques may fail to give an accurate model of the manifold. This may not be a surprise in itself, but it is a fact so often overlooked or misunderstood when utilizing the popular KL method, that we offer this explicit study of the effects and consequences. Here we show that certain dimensions defined by linear methods are highly sensitive when modeled in situations where the attracting manifolds have large parametric curvature. Specifically, we show how manifold curvature mediates the dimension when using a linear basis set as a model. We punctuate our results with the definition of what we call, a "curvature induced parameter," d(cl). Both finite- and infinite-dimensional models are used to illustrate the theory. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bollt, Erik M.; Yao, Chen] Clarkson Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. [Schwartz, Ira B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bollt, EM (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. EM bolltem@clarkson.edu RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009 FU NSF [DMS-0404778]; Office of Naval Research FX EMB and CY are supported by the NSF under DMS-0404778. IBS is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD NOV 1 PY 2010 VL 239 IS 23-24 BP 2039 EP 2049 DI 10.1016/j.physd.2010.07.004 PG 11 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 680PU UT WOS:000284247700002 ER PT J AU Apte, UM Cavaliere, RA Kulkarni, SS AF Apte, Uday M. Cavaliere, Richard A. Kulkarni, Shailesh S. TI Analysis and Improvement of Information-Intensive Services: Evidence from Insurance Claims Handling Operations SO PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE service operations; information-intensive services; service classification; insurance claims handling operations ID MANAGEMENT; ECONOMY AB Information-intensive services (IIS), such as financial services, business services, health care, and education, form a large and growing part of the service sector in the US economy. In this paper we present a classification of IIS based on their operational characteristics. We also propose empirically grounded conceptual analysis and prescriptive frameworks useful for the improvement of certain types of IIS. By conducting statistical analyses of a large sample of claims data from one of the largest property and casualty companies in the United States, we isolate key drivers of service performance and identify preemptive actions that can favorably impact performance metrics. Those results demonstrate the direct operationalization of the proposed frameworks with primary data. Our conceptual analysis, empirical findings, and the prescriptive framework that follow, provide an action plan that can lead to a systemic improvement in the performance of information and customer contact intensive services. C1 [Apte, Uday M.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Cavaliere, Richard A.] St Josephs Univ, Dept Math, Philadelphia, PA 19131 USA. [Kulkarni, Shailesh S.] Univ N Texas, ITDS Dept, Denton, TX 76203 USA. RP Apte, UM (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM umapte@nps.edu; rcavalie@sju.edu; kulkarni@unt.edu NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU PRODUCTION OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT SOC PI BALTIMORE PA UNIV BALTIMORE, 1420 CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201 USA SN 1059-1478 J9 PROD OPER MANAG JI Prod. Oper. Manag. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 19 IS 6 BP 665 EP 678 DI 10.3401/poms.1080.01150 PG 14 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 679MS UT WOS:000284166100002 ER PT J AU Segev, DL Gentry, SE AF Segev, D. L. Gentry, S. E. TI The Physician Carries a Significant Burden of Living Donation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Letter ID KIDNEY C1 [Segev, D. L.; Gentry, S. E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Segev, D. L.] Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Gentry, S. E.] USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Segev, DL (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 10 IS 11 BP 2559 EP 2559 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2010.03277.x PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 672OM UT WOS:000283595700025 ER PT J AU Howse, D Logie, M Bluiett, AG O'Connor, S Condon, NJ Ganem, J Bowman, SR AF Howse, Daniel Logie, Michael Bluiett, A. G. O'Connor, S. Condon, N. J. Ganem, Joseph Bowman, S. R. TI Optically-pumped mid-IR phosphor using Tm3+-sensitized Pr3+-doped KPb2Cl5 SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-TRANSFER PROCESSES; POTASSIUM LEAD CHLORIDE; UP-CONVERSION PROCESSES; SOLID-STATE LASER; ER-DOPED KPB2CL5; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; EMISSION PROPERTIES; MU-M; GROWTH AB Efficient energy transfer at room temperature from Tm3+ to Pr3+ has been demonstrated in co-doped KPb2Cl5. Because of the low phonon energies in KPb2Cl5, the energy transfer processes result in the conversion of 805 nm laser diode pump energy to a broad band of mid-IR radiation between 3500 to 5500 nm. Energy transfer pathways, rates, and quantum efficiencies are evaluated. Results show that the material is suitable as a phosphor for the 4 to 5 mu m spectral range that can be optically pumped with low-cost 0.8 mu m laser diodes. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Howse, Daniel; Logie, Michael; Ganem, Joseph] Loyola Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA. [Bluiett, A. G.; O'Connor, S.; Condon, N. J.; Bowman, S. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ganem, J (reprint author), Loyola Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, 4501 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA. EM ganem@loyola.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); National Research Council (NRC); Sachs Freeman Associates, Inc.; National Science Foundation (NSF) Division of Electrical and Communication Systems [ECS-0245455] FX The Office of Naval Research (ONR), the National Research Council (NRC), and Sachs Freeman Associates, Inc., supported this work. Work at Loyola College is supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Division of Electrical and Communication Systems under grant ECS-0245455. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 EI 1520-8540 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 27 IS 11 BP 2384 EP 2392 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 674VS UT WOS:000283778900041 ER PT J AU Rosen, E Kallhammer, JE Eriksson, D Nentwich, M Fredriksson, R Smith, K AF Rosen, Erik Kallhammer, Jan-Erik Eriksson, Dick Nentwich, Matthias Fredriksson, Rikard Smith, Kip TI Pedestrian injury mitigation by autonomous braking SO ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Pedestrian; Autonomous braking; Mitigation effectiveness; Real-life data AB The objective of this study was to calculate the potential effectiveness of a pedestrian injury mitigation system that autonomously brakes the car prior to impact. The effectiveness was measured by the reduction of fatally and severely injured pedestrians. The database from the German In-Depth Accident Study (GIDAS) was queried for pedestrians hit by the front of cars from 1999 to 2007. Case by case information on vehicle and pedestrian velocities and trajectories were analysed to estimate the field of view needed for a vehicle-based sensor to detect the pedestrians one second prior to the crash. The pre-impact braking system was assumed to activate the brakes one second prior to crash and to provide a braking deceleration up to the limit of the road surface conditions, but never to exceed 0.6 g. New impact speeds were then calculated for pedestrians that would have been detected by the sensor. These calculations assumed that all pedestrians who were within a given field of view but not obstructed by surrounding objects would be detected. The changes in fatality and severe injury risks were quantified using risk curves derived by logistic regression of the accident data. Summing the risks for all pedestrians, relationships between mitigation effectiveness, sensor field of view, braking initiation time, and deceleration were established. The study documents that the effectiveness at reducing fatally (severely) injured pedestrians in frontal collisions with cars reached 40% (27%) at a field of view of 40 degrees. Increasing the field of view further led to only marginal improvements in effectiveness. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rosen, Erik; Kallhammer, Jan-Erik; Eriksson, Dick; Nentwich, Matthias; Fredriksson, Rikard] Autoliv Res, S-44783 Vargarda, Sweden. [Smith, Kip] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA USA. RP Rosen, E (reprint author), Autoliv Res, Wallentinsvagen 22, S-44783 Vargarda, Sweden. EM erik.rosen@autoliv.com NR 21 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0001-4575 J9 ACCIDENT ANAL PREV JI Accid. Anal. Prev. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1949 EP 1957 DI 10.1016/j.aap.2010.05.018 PG 9 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 655HS UT WOS:000282240500050 PM 20728647 ER PT J AU Fonda, RW Knipling, KE AF Fonda, R. W. Knipling, K. E. TI Texture development in near-alpha Ti friction stir welds SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Friction stir welding; Shear texture; Titanium alloys; Electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) ID CHANNEL ANGULAR EXTRUSION; GRAIN-STRUCTURE; PERSISTENCE CHARACTERISTICS; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; IDEAL ORIENTATIONS; STAINLESS-STEEL; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; SHEAR TEXTURES; PURE TITANIUM; TORSION AB The microstructures and crystallographic textures produced during friction stir welding of the near-alpha Ti-5111 titanium alloy were characterized as a function of welding speed. The textures produced were compared with ideal hexagonal close packed (hcp) shear textures and with predicted textures of hcp Burgers variants of ideal body-centered cubic (bcc) shear textures, showing that the deposited welds are dominated by the hcp P(1) and bcc D(1) textures. The hcp P(1) shear texture was dominant at slow weld speeds, while the bee D(1) shear texture was dominant at the fast weld speed. This variation appears to result from a poor transmission of the shear deformation from the rotating tool to the deposited weld that develops at faster welding speeds. These observations are compared to other studies of friction stir welds in hcp and bcc materials reported in the literature. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Fonda, R. W.; Knipling, K. E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fonda, RW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6356,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM richard.fonda@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to acknowledge funding for this research through the Office of Naval Research, as well as the numerous helpful discussions with Dr. Saiyi Li and Dr. David Rowenhorst. NR 45 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 58 IS 19 BP 6452 EP 6463 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.08.007 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 675EB UT WOS:000283807900025 ER PT J AU Ball, RE AF Ball, Robert E. TI COMBINING SAFETY and SURVIVABILITY for future spacefaring SO AEROSPACE AMERICA LA English DT Article C1 [Ball, Robert E.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0740-722X J9 AEROSPACE AM JI Aerosp. Am. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 48 IS 10 BP 16 EP 20 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA V24KA UT WOS:000208408100006 ER PT J AU Dauner, A Ekanayake, S Pal, S Kochel, T Wu, SJ AF Dauner, Allison Ekanayake, Sajeewane Pal, Subhamoy Kochel, Tadeusz Wu, Shuenn-Jue TI PAN-SEROTYPE SEQUENCE-SPECIFIC DETECTION OF DENGUE VIRUS USING LOOP-MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Dauner, Allison; Ekanayake, Sajeewane; Pal, Subhamoy; Kochel, Tadeusz; Wu, Shuenn-Jue] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RI Pal, Subhamoy/A-9526-2015 OI Pal, Subhamoy/0000-0003-0133-8444 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 94 BP 29 EP 29 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819700095 ER PT J AU Mayes, RC Gregory, MJ Cepeda, D Nunez, G Cevallos, A Espinoza, N O'Dowd, A Savarino, SJ AF Mayes, Ryan C. Gregory, Michael J. Cepeda, David Nunez, Gladys Cevallos, Ana Espinoza, Nereyda O'Dowd, Aisling Savarino, Stephen J. TI IMMUNOGENICITY AND PROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF A FIMBRIAL ADHESIN-BASED VACCINE AGAINST ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI IN AOTUS NANCYMAAE: EVALUATION OF DOSING AND ROUTE OF VACCINATION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Mayes, Ryan C.; Gregory, Michael J.; Cepeda, David; Nunez, Gladys; Cevallos, Ana; Espinoza, Nereyda] US Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. [O'Dowd, Aisling; Savarino, Stephen J.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 486 BP 145 EP 146 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819700487 ER PT J AU Tamminga, C Maioletesi, S Fedders, C Bonhoeffer, J Heininger, U Moorthy, V Richie, T Epstein, J AF Tamminga, Cindy Maioletesi, Santina Fedders, Charlotte Bonhoeffer, Jan Heininger, Uli Moorthy, Vasee Richie, Thomas Epstein, Judith TI A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF SAFETY DATA REPORTING FROM MALARIA, TUBERCULOSIS, AND HIV VACCINE TRIALS: THE NEED FOR INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Tamminga, Cindy; Maioletesi, Santina; Fedders, Charlotte; Richie, Thomas; Epstein, Judith] USN, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Bonhoeffer, Jan; Heininger, Uli] Univ Childrens Hosp, Div Infect Dis & Vaccines, Basel, Switzerland. [Moorthy, Vasee] WHO, Initiat Vaccine Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RI Bonhoeffer, Jan/E-5903-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 492 BP 147 EP 147 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819700493 ER PT J AU Kuchuloria, T Clark, DV Akhvlediani, T Nanuashvili, A Makhviladze, M Kanashvili, M Tsertsvadze, T Endeladze, M Chokheli, M Chikviladze, T Chubinidze, M House, B Farrell, M Maksoud, MA Hepburn, MJ Pimentel, G AF Kuchuloria, Tinatin Clark, Danielle V. Akhvlediani, Tamar Nanuashvili, Alexander Makhviladze, Manana Kanashvili, Marine Tsertsvadze, Tengiz Endeladze, Marina Chokheli, Maiko Chikviladze, Tamar Chubinidze, Marine House, Brent Farrell, Margaret Maksoud, Mohamed Abdel Hepburn, Matthew J. Pimentel, Guillermo TI LABORATORY SURVEILLANCE FOR THE POSSIBLE INFECTIOUS CAUSES OF UNDIFFERENTIATED FEBRILE ILLNESSES IN THE COUNTRY OF GEORGIA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Kuchuloria, Tinatin; Akhvlediani, Tamar] I Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Univ, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Kuchuloria, Tinatin; Akhvlediani, Tamar] Technol Management Co, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Clark, Danielle V.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Nanuashvili, Alexander] Serv Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Makhviladze, Manana; Kanashvili, Marine] V Bochorishvili Antisepsis Ctr, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Tsertsvadze, Tengiz; Endeladze, Marina] AIDS & Clin Immunol Res Ctr, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Chokheli, Maiko; Chikviladze, Tamar; Chubinidze, Marine] Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [House, Brent; Farrell, Margaret; Maksoud, Mohamed Abdel; Pimentel, Guillermo] USN, Global Dis Detect & Response Program, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Hepburn, Matthew J.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 504 BP 151 EP 151 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819700505 ER PT J AU Chao, CC Zhang, ZW Chen, HW Mutumanje, E Ching, WM AF Chao, Chien-Chung Zhang, Zhiwen Chen, Hua-Wei Mutumanje, Elissa Ching, Wei-Mei TI EVALUATION OF METHYLATED RECOMBINANT OMPB FRAGMENTS AS REAGENTS FOR SERO-DIAGNOSIS OF RICKETTSIA TYPHI IN ELISA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Chao, Chien-Chung; Zhang, Zhiwen; Chen, Hua-Wei; Mutumanje, Elissa; Ching, Wei-Mei] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 654 BP 195 EP 195 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701023 ER PT J AU Gutteridge, CE Baxter, MC Hughes, SM Sadowski, BW Rodrigo, LG Smith, MB O'Neil, MT McCalmont, WF Gerena, L Montip, G AF Gutteridge, Clare E. Baxter, Michael C. Hughes, Stephen M. Sadowski, Brett W. Rodrigo, Leighton G. Smith, Matthew B. O'Neil, Michael T. McCalmont, William F. Gerena, Lucia Montip, Gettayacamin TI DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL CHEMICAL SERIES WITH ACTIVITY AGAINST BOTH BLOOD- AND LIVER-STAGES OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Gutteridge, Clare E.; Baxter, Michael C.; Hughes, Stephen M.; Sadowski, Brett W.; Rodrigo, Leighton G.; Smith, Matthew B.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [O'Neil, Michael T.; McCalmont, William F.; Gerena, Lucia] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Montip, Gettayacamin] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 712 BP 212 EP 212 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701080 ER PT J AU Chen, P Myers, B Curti, E Aguiar, J Limbach, K Patterson, NB Sedegah, M Richie, TL Bruder, JT AF Chen, Ping Myers, Bennett Curti, Elena Aguiar, Joao Limbach, Keith Patterson, Noelle B. Sedegah, Martha Richie, Thomas L. Bruder, Joseph T. TI HIGH THROUGHPUT GENOMICS SCREENING FOR MALARIA ANTIGEN DISCOVERY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Chen, Ping; Myers, Bennett; Bruder, Joseph T.] GenVec Inc, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Curti, Elena; Aguiar, Joao; Limbach, Keith; Patterson, Noelle B.; Sedegah, Martha; Richie, Thomas L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 740 BP 220 EP 220 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701108 ER PT J AU Epstein, JE Lyke, KE Laurens, MB Reyes, S Tamminga, C Sedegah, M Thomas, N Murphy, J Billingsley, PF James, E Gunasekera, A Anderson, C Chakravarty, S Richman, A Li, M Ahumada, A Komisar, J Bennett, J Brandt, W Plowe, CV Ockenhouse, CF Sim, BKL Edelman, R Richie, TL Hoffman, SL AF Epstein, Judith E. Lyke, Kirsten E. Laurens, Matthew B. Reyes, Sharina Tamminga, Cindy Sedegah, Martha Thomas, Nicole Murphy, Jittawadee Billingsley, Peter F. James, Eric Gunasekera, Anusha Anderson, Charles Chakravarty, Sumana Richman, Adam Li, Ming Ahumada, Adriana Komisar, Jack Bennett, Jason Brandt, Walter Plowe, Christopher V. Ockenhouse, Christian F. Sim, B. Kim Lee Edelman, Robert Richie, Thomas L. Hoffman, Stephen L. TI THE FIRST PHASE 1/2A TRIAL OF THE METABOLICALLY-ACTIVE, WHOLE ORGANISM PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM SPOROZOITE (PFSPZ) VACCINE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Epstein, Judith E.; Reyes, Sharina; Tamminga, Cindy; Sedegah, Martha; Thomas, Nicole; Richie, Thomas L.] USN, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Laurens, Matthew B.; Plowe, Christopher V.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Murphy, Jittawadee; Komisar, Jack; Bennett, Jason; Ockenhouse, Christian F.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Billingsley, Peter F.; James, Eric; Gunasekera, Anusha; Anderson, Charles; Chakravarty, Sumana; Richman, Adam; Li, Ming; Ahumada, Adriana; Sim, B. Kim Lee; Hoffman, Stephen L.] Sanaria Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Brandt, Walter] PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiat, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 807 BP 239 EP 240 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701175 ER PT J AU Sedegah, M Chuang, IL McGrath, S House, B Ganeshan, H Lejano, J Abot, E Banania, G Sayo, R Farooq, F Belmonte, M Richie, NO Wood, C Long, CA Regis, D Tamminga, C Spring, M Limbach, K Patterson, NB Bruder, J Doolan, DL Soisson, L Diggs, C Ockenhouse, CF Richie, TL AF Sedegah, Martha Chuang, Ilin McGrath, Shannon House, Brent Ganeshan, Harini Lejano, Jennylynn Abot, Esteban Banania, Glenna Sayo, Renato Farooq, Fouzia Belmonte, Maria Richie, Nancy O. Wood, Chloe Long, Carole A. Regis, David Tamminga, Cindy Spring, Michele Limbach, Keith Patterson, Noelle B. Bruder, Joe Doolan, Denise L. Soisson, Lorraine Diggs, Carter Ockenhouse, Christian F. Richie, Thomas L. TI ANALYSIS OF CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNE RESPONSES IN VOLUNTEERS STERILELY PROTECTED AGAINST PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM SPOROZOITE CHALLENGE FOLLOWING IMMUNIZATION WITH A GENE-BASED VACCINE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Sedegah, Martha; Chuang, Ilin; House, Brent; Ganeshan, Harini; Lejano, Jennylynn; Abot, Esteban; Banania, Glenna; Sayo, Renato; Farooq, Fouzia; Belmonte, Maria; Regis, David; Tamminga, Cindy; Limbach, Keith; Patterson, Noelle B.; Richie, Thomas L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. [McGrath, Shannon; Richie, Nancy O.; Wood, Chloe; Spring, Michele; Ockenhouse, Christian F.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Long, Carole A.] NIAID, Lab Malaria & Vector Res, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. [Bruder, Joe] GenVec Inc, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Doolan, Denise L.] Queensland Inst Med Res, Brisbane, Qld 4006, Australia. [Soisson, Lorraine; Diggs, Carter] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. RI Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 806 BP 239 EP 239 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701174 ER PT J AU Chuang, I Sattabongkot, J Fryauff, D Tosh, D Murphy, J Saunders, D Richardson, J William, J Bethel, D Richie, T Ware, L Spring, M Fukuda, M Tamminga, C Guerrero, M Bennett, J Cummings, J Yadava, A Komisar, J Polhemus, M Ockenhouse, C AF Chuang, Ilin Sattabongkot, Jetsumon Fryauff, David Tosh, Donna Murphy, Jittawadee Saunders, David Richardson, Jason William, Jack Bethel, Delia Richie, Thomas Ware, Lisa Spring, Michele Fukuda, Mark Tamminga, Cindy Guerrero, Melanie Bennett, Jason Cummings, James Yadava, Anjali Komisar, Jack Polhemus, Mark Ockenhouse, Christian TI DEVELOPMENT OF A SAFE AND REPRODUCIBLE HUMAN SPOROZOITE CHALLENGE MODEL FOR PLASMODIUM VIVAX IN HEALTHY ADULTS IN THE UNITED STATES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Chuang, Ilin; Fryauff, David; Richie, Thomas; Tamminga, Cindy; Polhemus, Mark] USN, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Sattabongkot, Jetsumon; Saunders, David; Richardson, Jason; Bethel, Delia] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Tosh, Donna; Guerrero, Melanie; Cummings, James] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Clin Trials Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Murphy, Jittawadee; William, Jack] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Ware, Lisa; Spring, Michele; Bennett, Jason; Yadava, Anjali; Komisar, Jack; Ockenhouse, Christian] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 808 BP 240 EP 240 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701176 ER PT J AU Klein, TA Kim, HC Song, JW Chae, JS Jang, WJ Park, KH Sames, WJ Richards, AL AF Klein, Terry A. Kim, Heung-Chul Song, Jin-Won Chae, Joon-Seok Jang, Won-Jong Park, Kyung-Hee Sames, William J. Richards, Allen L. TI SOCIOECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS: INCREASING THE POTENTIAL RISK OF TICK-BORNE DISEASES IN THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Klein, Terry A.] 65th Med Brigade, APO, AE USA. [Kim, Heung-Chul] 168th Multifunct Med Battal, Med Detachment 5, APO, AE USA. [Song, Jin-Won] Korea Univ, Coll Med, Seoul 136705, South Korea. [Chae, Joon-Seok] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Vet Med, Seoul, South Korea. [Jang, Won-Jong; Park, Kyung-Hee] Konkuk Univ, Coll Med, Seoul, South Korea. [Sames, William J.] Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC USA. [Richards, Allen L.] USN, Rickettsial Dis Res Program, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 820 BP 244 EP 244 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701188 ER PT J AU Thomas, N Epstein, JE Hoffman, SL AF Thomas, Nicole Epstein, Judith E. Hoffman, Stephen L. TI A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE SAFETY OF LICENSED LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Thomas, Nicole] Natl Capitol Consortium Pediat Infect Dis Fellows, Bethesda, MD USA. [Epstein, Judith E.] USN, Med Res Ctr, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Hoffman, Stephen L.] Sanaria Inc, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 931 BP 278 EP 278 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701299 ER PT J AU Fryauff, DJ McCoy, AJ Atuguba, F Amati, MI Oduro, AR Anyorigiya, T Asoala, V Awine, T Koram, KA Hodgson, A Richards, S Nkrumah, F AF Fryauff, David J. McCoy, Andrea J. Atuguba, Frank Amati, Mary I. Oduro, Abraham R. Anyorigiya, Thomas Asoala, Victor Awine, Timothy Koram, Kwadwo A. Hodgson, Abraham Richards, Samantha Nkrumah, Francis TI DOES ENHANCED DETECTION AND ANALYSIS OF MALARIA INFECTIONS IN UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD SAMPLES EXPLAIN LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AND FETAL ANEMIA IN NEWBORNS OF THE KASSENA-NANKANA DISTRICT OF NORTHEASTERN GHANA? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Fryauff, David J.; McCoy, Andrea J.; Richards, Samantha] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Atuguba, Frank; Amati, Mary I.; Oduro, Abraham R.; Anyorigiya, Thomas; Asoala, Victor; Awine, Timothy; Hodgson, Abraham] Navrongo Hlth Res Ctr, Navrongo, Ghana. [Koram, Kwadwo A.; Nkrumah, Francis] Noguchi Mem Inst Hlth Res, Accra, Ghana. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 945 BP 282 EP 282 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701313 ER PT J AU Roberts, A Tamminga, C Wurapa, E Epstein, J Malone, P Whitman, T Levine, G Richie, T AF Roberts, Anne Tamminga, Cindy Wurapa, Eyako Epstein, Judith Malone, Patrick Whitman, Timothy Levine, Gail Richie, Thomas TI A COST ANALYSIS: A MALARIA OUTBREAK AMONG MILITARY PERSONNEL DEPLOYED TO LIBERIA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Roberts, Anne; Malone, Patrick] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Tamminga, Cindy; Epstein, Judith; Levine, Gail; Richie, Thomas] USN, Med Res Ctr, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Wurapa, Eyako] 95th CA BDE Surg, Fayetteville, NC USA. [Whitman, Timothy] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 972 BP 290 EP 291 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701339 ER PT J AU Tamminga, C Epstein, JE Kronmann, K Wells, N Ockenhouse, CF Richie, TL AF Tamminga, Cindy Epstein, Judith E. Kronmann, Karl Wells, Natalie Ockenhouse, Christian F. Richie, Thomas L. TI THE IMPACT OF MALARIA ON THE UNITED STATES MILITARY: SEPTEMBER 2001 TO PRESENT SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Tamminga, Cindy; Epstein, Judith E.; Richie, Thomas L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Kronmann, Karl] Ghana Detachment, Naval Med Res Unit 3, Legon, Ghana. [Wells, Natalie] USN, Environm Prevent Med Unit 2, Norfolk, VA USA. [Ockenhouse, Christian F.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 971 BP 290 EP 290 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701338 ER PT J AU Chuang, I Sedegah, M Cicatelli, S Spring, M Tamminga, C Bennett, J Guerrero, M Polhemus, M Cummings, J Angov, E Bruder, J Patterson, N Limbach, K Bergmann-Leitner, E Murphy, J Soisson, L Diggs, C Ockenhouse, C Richie, T AF Chuang, Ilin Sedegah, Martha Cicatelli, Susan Spring, Michele Tamminga, Cindy Bennett, Jason Guerrero, Melanie Polhemus, Mark Cummings, James Angov, Evelina Bruder, Joe Patterson, Noelle Limbach, Keith Bergmann-Leitner, Elke Murphy, Jittawadee Soisson, Lorraine Diggs, Carter Ockenhouse, Christian Richie, Thomas TI PHASE 1/2A CLINICAL TRIAL ON SAFETY, TOLERABILITY, IMMUNOGENICITY AND EFFICACY OF PRIME BOOST REGIMEN OF DNA- AND ADENOVIRUS-VECTORED MALARIA VACCINES ENCODING PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN (CSP) AND APICAL MEMBRANE ANTIGEN (AMA1) IN MALARIA-NAIVE ADULTS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Chuang, Ilin; Sedegah, Martha; Tamminga, Cindy; Patterson, Noelle; Limbach, Keith; Richie, Thomas] USN, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Cicatelli, Susan; Guerrero, Melanie; Cummings, James] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Clin Trials Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Spring, Michele; Bennett, Jason; Angov, Evelina; Bergmann-Leitner, Elke; Ockenhouse, Christian] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Polhemus, Mark] USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Bruder, Joe] GenVec, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Murphy, Jittawadee] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Soisson, Lorraine; Diggs, Carter] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 984 BP 294 EP 294 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701351 ER PT J AU Sedegah, M Chakravarty, S Lyke, KE Epstein, JE Anderson, C Ganeshan, H Lejano, J Abot, E Banania, GJ Sayo, R Belmonte, M Park, C Richie, TL Hoffman, SL AF Sedegah, Martha Chakravarty, Sumana Lyke, Kirsten E. Epstein, Judith E. Anderson, Charles Ganeshan, Harini Lejano, Jennylynn Abot, Estaban Banania, Glenna J. Sayo, Renato Belmonte, Maria Park, Christine Richie, Thomas L. Hoffman, Stephen L. TI INTERFERON GAMMA ELISPOT RESPONSES IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS FROM VOLUNTEERS IMMUNIZED WITH A METABOLICALLY ACTIVE, NON-REPLICATING PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM SPOROZOITE VACCINE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Sedegah, Martha; Epstein, Judith E.; Ganeshan, Harini; Lejano, Jennylynn; Abot, Estaban; Banania, Glenna J.; Sayo, Renato; Belmonte, Maria; Park, Christine; Richie, Thomas L.] USN, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Chakravarty, Sumana; Anderson, Charles; Hoffman, Stephen L.] Sanaria Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Lyke, Kirsten E.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 985 BP 295 EP 295 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701352 ER PT J AU Sim, BKL Stafford, RE Ahumada, A Li, ML Chattopadhyay, R Sedegah, M Chen, E Xu, R Orozco, M Jiang, B Wang, RB Ganeshan, H Abbot, S Herrera, S Hoffman, SL AF Sim, B. Kim Lee Stafford, Richard E. Ahumada, Adriana Li, Minglin Chattopadhyay, Rana Sedegah, Martha Chen, Emily Xu, Ray Orozco, Maria Jiang, Bing Wang, Ruobing Ganeshan, Harini Abbot, Steve Herrera, Socrates Hoffman, Stephen L. TI DEVELOPMENT OF A PLASMODIUM VIVAX RECOMBINANT CS PROTEIN VACCINE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Sim, B. Kim Lee; Stafford, Richard E.; Ahumada, Adriana; Li, Minglin; Chen, Emily; Xu, Ray; Orozco, Maria; Jiang, Bing; Hoffman, Stephen L.] Prot Potential, Rockville, MD USA. [Chattopadhyay, Rana] Sanaria, Rockville, MD USA. [Sedegah, Martha; Ganeshan, Harini; Abbot, Steve] USN, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Herrera, Socrates] Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Herrera, Socrates] Univ Valle Cali, Inst Immunol, Cali, Colombia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 987 BP 295 EP 295 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701354 ER PT J AU Dosanjh, NS Stafford, RE Ahumada, A Chen, E Li, ML Velmurugan, S Conteh, S Gao, LX Sedegah, M Belmonte, M Li, T Abebe, Y Eappen, A Bruder, JT Reed, SG Hoffman, SL Sim, BKL AF Dosanjh, Nuvjeevan S. Stafford, Richard E. Ahumada, Adriana Chen, Emily Li, Minglin Velmurugan, Soundarapandian Conteh, Solomon Gao, Lixin Sedegah, Martha Belmonte, Maria Li, Tao Abebe, Yonas Eappen, Abraham Bruder, Joseph T. Reed, Steven G. Hoffman, Stephen L. Sim, B. Kim Lee TI DEVELOPMENT OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM CELTOS AS A MALARIA VACCINE IMMUNOGEN SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Dosanjh, Nuvjeevan S.; Stafford, Richard E.; Ahumada, Adriana; Chen, Emily; Li, Minglin; Gao, Lixin; Hoffman, Stephen L.; Sim, B. Kim Lee] Prot Potential, Rockville, MD USA. [Velmurugan, Soundarapandian; Conteh, Solomon; Li, Tao; Abebe, Yonas; Eappen, Abraham] Sanaria, Rockville, MD USA. [Sedegah, Martha; Belmonte, Maria] USN, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Bruder, Joseph T.] Genvec, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Reed, Steven G.] Infect Dis Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 988 BP 296 EP 296 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701355 ER PT J AU Glennon, E Chen, HW Zhang, ZW Ching, WM AF Glennon, Erin Chen, Hua-Wei Zhang, Zhiwen Ching, Wei-Mei TI DETECTION OF Q-FEVER SPECIFIC ANTIBODIES UTILIZING COM-1 ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAYS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Glennon, Erin; Chen, Hua-Wei; Zhang, Zhiwen; Ching, Wei-Mei] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 1024 BP 306 EP 306 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701391 ER PT J AU Ching, WM Chao, CC Chan, TC Zhang, ZW Huber, E Chen, HW AF Ching, Wei-Mei Chao, Chien-Chung Chan, Teik-Chye Zhang, Zhiwen Huber, Erin Chen, Hua-Wei TI COMBINATION OF DNA VACCINE PLASMIDS CARRYING THE GENE CODING FOR THE TRUNCATED 47 KDA ANTIGEN AND THE CODON OPTIMIZED GENE OF 56 KDA ANTIGEN CAN PROVIDE EXCELLENT PROTECTION AGAINST THE HOMOLOGOUS CHALLENGE OF ORIENTIA KARP STRAIN IN A MOUSE MODEL SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Ching, Wei-Mei; Chao, Chien-Chung; Chan, Teik-Chye; Zhang, Zhiwen; Huber, Erin; Chen, Hua-Wei] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 1027 BP 307 EP 307 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701394 ER PT J AU Nzussouo, NT Manoncourt, S Shuck-Lee, D Cornelius, C Kronmann, K Ampofo, W Kadjo-Adje, H Diop, OM Buhari, O Duggar, C Davis, R Deming, M AF Nzussouo, Ndahwouh Talla Manoncourt, Serge Shuck-Lee, Deidra Cornelius, Claire Kronmann, Karl Ampofo, William Kadjo-Adje, H. Diop, Ousmane M. Buhari, Oyofo Duggar, Chris Davis, Richard Deming, Michael TI ESTABLISHING THE CAPACITY FOR INFLUENZA SENTINEL SURVEILLANCE IN LIMITED-RESOURCE SETTINGS: A PROGRESS REPORT FROM WEST AFRICA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [Nzussouo, Ndahwouh Talla; Duggar, Chris; Davis, Richard; Deming, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nzussouo, Ndahwouh Talla] USN, Georgia Global Dis Detect & Response Program, Med Res Unit 3, Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Accra, Ghana. [Manoncourt, Serge] USN, Global Dis Detect & Response Program, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Shuck-Lee, Deidra; Cornelius, Claire; Buhari, Oyofo] USN, Viral & Zoonot Dis Res Program, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Kronmann, Karl] USN, Viral & Zoonot Dis Res Program, Med Res Unit 3, Accra, Ghana. [Kadjo-Adje, H.] Inst Pasteur, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Diop, Ousmane M.] Inst Pasteur, Dakar, Senegal. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 1164 BP 346 EP 346 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701531 ER PT J AU McCoy, A Husain, T Angov, E Narum, D Bruder, J Stoyanov, C Trager, L Flynn, B Tewari, K Leitner, E Komisar, J Ockenhouse, C Richie, T Weiss, W Seder, R AF McCoy, Andrea Husain, Tupur Angov, Evelina Narum, David Bruder, Joseph Stoyanov, Cristina Trager, Lauren Flynn, Barbara Tewari, Kavita Leitner, Elke Komisar, Jack Ockenhouse, Christian Richie, Thomas Weiss, Walter Seder, Robert TI PRIME-BOOST MALARIA VACCINES IN RHESUS MONKEYS USING PROTEIN IN POLY I:C ADJUVANT AND ADENOVIRUS VECTORS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH) CY NOV 03-07, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg (ASTMH) C1 [McCoy, Andrea; Husain, Tupur; Richie, Thomas; Weiss, Walter] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Angov, Evelina; Leitner, Elke; Komisar, Jack; Ockenhouse, Christian] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Narum, David; Stoyanov, Cristina; Trager, Lauren; Flynn, Barbara; Tewari, Kavita; Seder, Robert] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Bruder, Joseph] GenVec Inc, Gaithersburg, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 SU S MA 1173 BP 349 EP 349 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 832QF UT WOS:000295819701540 ER PT J AU Thangawng, AL Kim, JS Golden, JP Anderson, GP Robertson, KL Low, V Ligler, FS AF Thangawng, Abel L. Kim, Jason S. Golden, Joel P. Anderson, George P. Robertson, Kelly L. Low, Vyechi Ligler, Frances S. TI A hard microflow cytometer using groove-generated sheath flow for multiplexed bead and cell assays SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Flow cytometry; Microflow cytometer; Hydrodynamic focusing ID WATERS; FISH AB With a view toward developing a rugged microflow cytometer, a sheath flow system was micromachined in hard plastic (polymethylmethacrylate) for analysis of particles and cells using optical detection. Six optical fibers were incorporated into the interrogation region of the chip, in which hydrodynamic focusing narrowed the core stream to similar to 35 mu m x 40 mu m. The use of a relatively large channel at the inlet as well as in the interrogation region (375 mu m x 125 mu m) successfully minimized the risk of clogging. The device could withstand pressures greater than 100 psi without leaking. Assays using both coded microparticles and cells were demonstrated using the microflow cytometer. Multiplexed immunoassays detected nine different bacteria and toxins using a single mixture of coded microspheres. A549 cancer cells processed with locked nucleic acid probes were evaluated using fluorescence in situ hybridization. C1 [Thangawng, Abel L.; Kim, Jason S.; Golden, Joel P.; Anderson, George P.; Robertson, Kelly L.; Low, Vyechi; Ligler, Frances S.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ligler, FS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Frances.ligler@nrl.navy.mil RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011 OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893 FU NIH [UO1 A1075489]; ONR [6336] FX ALT and KLR were Postdoctoral Fellows of the National Research Council and JSK was a Postdoctoral Fellow of the American Society of Engineering Education. VL was an undergraduate summer intern in the Naval Research Enterprise Internship Program. This work was supported by ONR 6.2 work unit 6336 and NIH grant UO1 A1075489. The views are those of the authors and do not represent opinion or policy of the US Navy, Department of Defense, National Institutes of Health or Department of Health and Human Services. NR 18 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 21 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 398 IS 5 BP 1871 EP 1881 DI 10.1007/s00216-010-4019-7 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 668BV UT WOS:000283244500006 PM 20658281 ER PT J AU von Benda-Beckmann, AM Lam, FPA Moretti, DJ Fulkerson, K Ainslie, MA van Ijsselmuide, SP Theriault, J Beerens, SP AF von Benda-Beckmann, A. M. Lam, F. P. A. Moretti, D. J. Fulkerson, K. Ainslie, M. A. van Ijsselmuide, S. P. Theriault, J. Beerens, S. P. TI Detection of Blainville's beaked whales with towed arrays SO APPLIED ACOUSTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Workshop on Detection, Classification and Localization of Marine Mammals using Passive Acoustics/1st International Workshop on Density Estimation of Marine Mammals Using Passive Acoustics CY SEP 10-13, 2009 CL Univ Pavia, Collegio Cairoli, ITALY HO Univ Pavia DE Detection; Towed arrays; Beaked whales ID MESOPLODON-DENSIROSTRIS AB The detection performance of a towed hydrophone array for deep-diving species is quantified by comparing detections of echolocation clicks from foraging groups of Blainville's beaked whales (Mesoplodon densirostris) from the TNO Delphinus array to detections from bottom-mounted hydrophones at the Atlantic Undersea Test and Evaluation Center (AUTEC) in the Bahamas. A beaked whale group detection probability of 40% is obtained at close ranges (R < 2000 m) with the Delphinus towed array, and a maximum detection range of 5000 m is measured. The detection function can be explained by models, when taking into account the range in rms source levels (200-220 dB re 1 mu Pa(2) m(2)), and the high system noise levels during the experiment. The model results suggest that detection ranges up to about 7 km are possible under favourable conditions, and demonstrate the effectiveness of using towed arrays to monitor deep-diving species, such as beaked whales. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [von Benda-Beckmann, A. M.; Lam, F. P. A.; Ainslie, M. A.; van Ijsselmuide, S. P.; Beerens, S. P.] TNO, Def Secur & Safety, Observat Syst, The Hague, Netherlands. [Moretti, D. J.; Fulkerson, K.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div Newport, Newport, RI USA. [Theriault, J.] Def R&D Canada Atlantic, Dartmouth, NS, Canada. RP von Benda-Beckmann, AM (reprint author), TNO, Def Secur & Safety, Observat Syst, The Hague, Netherlands. EM sander.vonbendabeckmann@tno.nl OI Lam, Frans-Peter/0000-0001-9570-7567 NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0003-682X J9 APPL ACOUST JI Appl. Acoust. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 71 IS 11 SI SI BP 1027 EP 1035 DI 10.1016/j.apacoust.2010.05.015 PG 9 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA 654YM UT WOS:000282207200006 ER PT J AU Moretti, D Marques, TA Thomas, L DiMarzio, N Dilley, A Morrissey, R McCarthy, E Ward, J Jarvis, S AF Moretti, D. Marques, T. A. Thomas, L. DiMarzio, N. Dilley, A. Morrissey, R. McCarthy, E. Ward, J. Jarvis, S. TI A dive counting density estimation method for Blainville's beaked whale (Mesoplodon densirostris) using a bottom-mounted hydrophone field as applied to a Mid-Frequency Active (MFA) sonar operation SO APPLIED ACOUSTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Workshop on Detection, Classification and Localization of Marine Mammals using Passive Acoustics/1st International Workshop on Density Estimation of Marine Mammals Using Passive Acoustics CY SEP 10-13, 2009 CL Univ Pavia, Collegio Cairoli, ITALY HO Univ Pavia DE Bioacoustics; Cue counting; Estimating animal abundance; Passive acoustic monitoring ID DIVING BEHAVIOR AB We present a passive acoustic method for estimating the density of echolocating cetaceans that dive synchronously, based on isolation of dive starts using a field of distributed bottom-mounted hydrophones. The method assumes that all dive starts of the target species within a defined area are detected, and that independent estimates of dive rate and group size are available. We apply the method to estimate the density of Blainville's beaked whales (Mesoplodon densirostris) at the Atlantic Undersea Test and Evaluation Center (AUTEC) in the Bahamas during the time of a multi-ship active sonar exercise. Estimated densities for the 65 h before the exercise, 68 h during, 65 h after, and the final 43 h monitored were 16.99 (95% Cl 13.47-21.43), 4.76(3.78-6.00), 8.67(6.87-10.94), and 24.75 (19.62-31.23) respectively, illustrating a possible avoidance reaction. Results for the 65 h before were compared with those from the click count density estimation algorithm developed by Marques et al. [Marques T, Thomas L, Ward J, DiMarzio N, Tyack P. Estimating cetacean population density using fixed passive acoustic sensors. An example with Blainville's beaked whales. J Acoust Soc Am 2009;125(4):1982-1994]. The click count-based estimate was 19.23 animals/1000 km(2) (95% CI 12.69-29.13)-similar (13% higher), but with higher variance (CV 21% for click count method versus 12% for the dive count method). We discuss potential reasons for the differences, and compare the utility of the two methods. For both, obtaining reliable estimates of the factors that scale the measured quantity (dive starts or detected clicks) to density is the key hurdle. Defining the area monitored in the dive count method can also be problematic, particularly if the array is small. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Marques, T. A.; Thomas, L.] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modelling, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland. [Moretti, D.; DiMarzio, N.; Dilley, A.; Morrissey, R.; McCarthy, E.; Ward, J.; Jarvis, S.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div Newport, Newport, RI USA. RP Moretti, D (reprint author), NUWC, Bldg 1351,Code 70T, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM david.moretti@navy.mil RI Marques, Tiago/A-5530-2010; OI Marques, Tiago/0000-0002-2581-1972; Thomas, Len/0000-0002-7436-067X NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0003-682X J9 APPL ACOUST JI Appl. Acoust. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 71 IS 11 SI SI BP 1036 EP 1042 DI 10.1016/j.apacoust.2010.04.011 PG 7 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA 654YM UT WOS:000282207200007 ER PT J AU Kjornrattanawanich, B Windt, DL Seely, JF AF Kjornrattanawanich, Benjawan Windt, David L. Seely, John F. TI Optical constants determination of samarium, holmium, and erbium in the 1.5-850 eV spectral range using a transmittance method SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; LANTHANUM GROUP; ABSORPTION; PHOTOABSORPTION; COEFFICIENTS; SCATTERING; NEODYMIUM; SCANDIUM; REGION AB The optical constants beta and delta of the complex refractive index (n) over tilde = 1 - delta + i beta of Sm, Ho, and Er were obtained in the 1.5-850 eV energy range using a transmittance method. Thin films of Sm, Ho, and Er were deposited by magnetron sputtering, and transmittance was measured using synchrotron radiation under a high vacuum condition. All films were directly coated on Si photodiodes, which were used as coating substrates, as well as photon detectors. Si was used as capping layer while a thin W layer was used as barrier against interface diffusion between Si and the highly reactive rare earth elements. The constants beta were extracted from transmittance results, and the constants d were calculated based on measured beta values using the Kramers-Kronig formalism. Small deficiencies determined from the present data using the partial sum rules were partly attributed to the sputtered film densities that could be slightly lower than the bulk values. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Kjornrattanawanich, Benjawan] Univ Space Res Assoc, NSLS Beamline X24C, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Windt, David L.] Reflect Xray Opt LLC, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Seely, John F.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kjornrattanawanich, B (reprint author), Univ Space Res Assoc, NSLS Beamline X24C, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM benjawan@bnl.gov FU NASA [NNH07AF54I]; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the NASA project NNH07AF54I titled "High-Reflectance Multilayer Coatings using Rare Earth Elements for Solar EUV Imaging Applications," and by the Office of Naval Research. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 13 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD NOV 1 PY 2010 VL 49 IS 31 BP 6006 EP 6013 DI 10.1364/AO.49.006006 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 673IN UT WOS:000283653000031 ER PT J AU Alvarenga, J Jarosz, PR Schauerman, CM Moses, BT Landi, BJ Cress, CD Raffaelle, RP AF Alvarenga, Jack Jarosz, Paul R. Schauerman, Chris M. Moses, Brian T. Landi, Brian J. Cress, Cory D. Raffaelle, Ryne P. TI High conductivity carbon nanotube wires from radial densification and ionic doping SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL TREATMENT; FIBERS; TRANSPORT; NETWORKS AB Application of drawing dies to radially densify sheets of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into bulk wires has shown the ability to control electrical conductivity and wire density. Simultaneous use of KAuBr(4) doping solution, during wire drawing, has led to an electrical conductivity in the CNT wire of 1.3 x10(6) S/m. Temperature-dependent electrical measurements show that conduction is dominated by fluctuation-assisted tunneling, and introduction of KAuBr(4) significantly reduces the tunneling barrier between individual nanotubes. Ultimately, the concomitant doping and densification process leads to closer packed CNTs and a reduced charge transfer barrier, resulting in enhanced bulk electrical conductivity. (c) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3506703] C1 [Alvarenga, Jack; Jarosz, Paul R.; Schauerman, Chris M.; Moses, Brian T.; Landi, Brian J.] Rochester Inst Technol, NanoPower Res Labs, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Cress, Cory D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Raffaelle, Ryne P.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Alvarenga, J (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, NanoPower Res Labs, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM brian.landi@rit.edu RI Cress, Cory/A-8673-2009; OI Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU U.S. Government; Tyco Electronics; Lockheed Martin; NRL FX The authors acknowledge material contributions from Nanocomp Technologies, Inc., as well as financial support by the U.S. Government, Tyco Electronics, and Lockheed Martin. C. D. Cress acknowledges financial support from the NRL Karles Distinguished Scholar Fellowship Program. NR 21 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 42 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 1 PY 2010 VL 97 IS 18 AR 182106 DI 10.1063/1.3506703 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 676RK UT WOS:000283934100039 ER PT J AU Gaball, C Lovald, S Khraishi, T Eisbach, K Baack, B AF Gaball, Curtis Lovald, Scott Khraishi, Tariq Eisbach, Karl Baack, Bret TI Engineering Analysis of an Unreported Complication of Septoplasty SO ARCHIVES OF FACIAL PLASTIC SURGERY LA English DT Article AB Objectives: To describe a cause of recurrent nasal obstructive symptoms after septoplasties including the creation of a sizable submucous window and to suggest treatments for this complication. Methods: Case report of a woman presenting with side-changing nasal dyspnea approximately 1 year after undergoing septoplasty and engineering analysis of nasal cavity airflow. We created a computer model of the airway, analyzed varying sizes of surgical defects, and optimized the geometry of the submucous window. Results: An optimum area of resection to maximize the area of cartilage and/or bone resected and to minimize deflection of the septal area of iatrogenic litheness is a rectangular shape approximately 44 mm long by 12 mm high in our model. Conclusions: A large submucous window can result in obstruction of nasal airflow after septoplasty owing to displacement of this compliant area with respiration under the forces described in the Bernoulli theorem. Treatment may include turbinate reduction and/or septal reconstruction. C1 [Gaball, Curtis] USN, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Lovald, Scott] Exponent Inc, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Khraishi, Tariq] Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Baack, Bret] Univ New Mexico, Dept Surg, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Gaball, Curtis; Eisbach, Karl] Eisbach Facial Plast Surg, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Gaball, C (reprint author), USN, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego Med Ctr, 34520 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1521-2491 J9 ARCH FACIAL PLAST S JI Arch. Facial Plast. Surg. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 12 IS 6 BP 385 EP 392 DI 10.1001/archfacial.2010.84 PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 680KH UT WOS:000284230300008 PM 21079115 ER PT J AU Nash, WP Vasterling, J Ewing-Cobbs, L Horn, S Gaskin, T Golden, J Riley, WT Bowles, SV Favret, J Lester, P Koffman, R Farnsworth, LC Baker, DG AF Nash, William P. Vasterling, Jennifer Ewing-Cobbs, Linda Horn, Sarah Gaskin, Thomas Golden, John Riley, William T. Bowles, Stephen V. Favret, James Lester, Patricia Koffman, Robert Farnsworth, Laura C. Baker, Dewleen G. TI Consensus Recommendations for Common Data Elements for Operational Stress Research and Surveillance: Report of a Federal Interagency Working Group SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE Combat disorders; Military personnel; Preventive psychiatry; Rehabilitation; Research design; Stress; psychological ID MENTAL-HEALTH; POSTTRAUMATIC GROWTH; MILITARY PERSONNEL; COMBAT DEPLOYMENT; IRAQ-WAR; AFGHANISTAN; DISORDERS; INVENTORY; RESILIENCE; PREVENTION AB Empirical studies and surveillance projects increasingly assess and address potentially adverse psychological health outcomes from the stress of military operations, but no standards yet exist for common concept definitions, variable categories, and measures. This article reports the consensus recommendations of the federal interagency Operational Stress Working Group for common data elements to be used in future operational stress research and surveillance with the goal of improving comparability across studies. Operational stress encompasses more than just combat; it occurs everywhere service members and their families live and work. Posttraumatic stress is not the only adverse mental or behavioral health outcome of importance. The Operational Stress Working Group contends that a primary goal of operational stress research and surveillance is to promote prevention of adverse mental and behavioral outcomes, especially by recognizing the preclinical and subclinical states of distress and dysfunction that portend a risk for failure of role performance or future mental disorders. Recommendations for data elements are divided into 3 tiers: core, supplemental, and emerging, including variable domains and specific measures for assessing operational stressor exposures, stress outcomes, moderating factors, and mediating processes. Attention is drawn to the emerging construct of stress injury as a generic term for subclinical operational stress, and to emerging data elements addressing biological, psychological, and spiritual mediators of risk. Methodologies are needed for identifying preclinical and subclinical states of distress or dysfunction that are markers of risk for failure of role performance and future clinical mental disorders, so that targeted prevention interventions can be developed and evaluated. C1 [Nash, William P.; Horn, Sarah; Golden, John] Def Ctr Excellence Psychol Hlth & Traumat Brain I, Vet Adm, Arlington, VA USA. [Nash, William P.; Baker, Dewleen G.] Vet Adm San Diego Healthcare Syst, Ctr Excellence Stress & Mental Hlth, San Diego, CA USA. [Vasterling, Jennifer] VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Boston, MA USA. [Vasterling, Jennifer] Natl Ctr PTSD, Boston, MA USA. [Ewing-Cobbs, Linda] Univ Texas Houston, Houston, TX USA. [Ewing-Cobbs, Linda] Childrens Learning Inst, Dan L Duncan Neurodev Clin, Houston, TX USA. [Nash, William P.; Baker, Dewleen G.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Gaskin, Thomas] Marine Corps, Headquarters, Combat & Operat Stress Control, Quantico, VA USA. [Riley, William T.] NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Bowles, Stephen V.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Favret, James] USAF, Washington, DC 20330 USA. [Lester, Patricia] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Semel Inst Neurosc & Human Behav, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Koffman, Robert] USN, Bur Med & Surg, Washington, DC USA. [Farnsworth, Laura C.] San Jose State Univ, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. RP Nash, WP (reprint author), POB 10920, Burke, VA 22015 USA. EM william.nash@opstress.net NR 69 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 7 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 91 IS 11 BP 1673 EP 1683 DI 10.1016/j.apmr.2010.06.035 PG 11 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 681UQ UT WOS:000284346400007 PM 21044711 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, D Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Carrigan, S Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Charles, E Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Dermer, CD de Palma, F Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Horan, D Hughes, RE Jean, P Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lee, SH Lemoine-Goumard, M Garde, ML Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Makeev, A Martin, P Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Naumann-Godo, M Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ripken, J Ritz, S Romani, RW Sadrozinski, HFW Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strickman, MS Strong, AW Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Yang, Z Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Carrigan, S. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Dermer, C. D. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Jean, P. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lee, S. -H. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Garde, M. Llena Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Martin, P. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Naumann-Godo, M. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ripken, J. Ritz, S. Romani, R. W. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. S. Strong, A. W. Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Yang, Z. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI Detection of the Small Magellanic Cloud in gamma-rays with Fermi/LAT SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; cosmic rays; Magellanic Clouds; gamma rays: general ID ENERGY COSMIC-RAYS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; ALL-SKY SURVEY; X-RAY; INFRARED-EMISSION; STAR-FORMATION; DRIVEN DYNAMO; SOURCE LIST; GALAXY AB Context. The flux of gamma rays with energies greater than 100 MeV is dominated by diffuse emission coming from cosmic-rays (CRs) illuminating the interstellar medium (ISM) of our Galaxy through the processes of Bremsstrahlung, pion production and decay, and inverse-Compton scattering. The study of this diffuse emission provides insight into the origin and transport of cosmic rays. Aims. We searched for gamma-ray emission from the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) in order to derive constraints on the cosmic-ray population and transport in an external system with properties different from the Milky Way. Methods. We analysed the first 17 months of continuous all-sky observations by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) of the Fermi mission to determine the spatial distribution, flux and spectrum of the gamma-ray emission from the SMC. We also used past radio synchrotron observations of the SMC to study the population of CR electrons specifically. Results. We obtained the first detection of the SMC in high-energy gamma rays, with an integrated >100 MeV flux of (3.7 +/- 0.7) x 10(-8) ph cm(-2) s(-1), with additional systematic uncertainty of <= 16%. The emission is steady and from an extended source similar to 3 degrees in size. It is not clearly correlated with the distribution of massive stars or neutral gas, nor with known pulsars or supernova remnants, but a certain correlation with supergiant shells is observed. Conclusions. The observed flux implies an upper limit on the average CR nuclei density in the SMC of similar to 15% of the value measured locally in the Milky Way. The population of high-energy pulsars of the SMC may account for a substantial fraction of the gamma-ray flux, which would make the inferred CR nuclei density even lower. The average density of CR electrons derived from radio synchrotron observations is consistent with the same reduction factor but the uncertainties are large. From our current knowledge of the SMC, such a low CR density does not seem to be due to a lower rate of CR injection and rather indicates a smaller CR confinement volume characteristic size. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Cheung, C. C.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Parent, D.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Cheung, C. C.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CNRS, Serv Astrophys,Lab AIM,CEA IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Carrigan, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Jean, P.; Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Brandt, T. J.; Hughes, R. E.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Celik, Oe.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Thompson, D. J.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe.; Vasileiou, V.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Celik, Oe.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.; Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Garde, M. Llena; Ripken, J.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Garde, M. Llena; Ripken, J.; Yang, Z.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gasparrini, D.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Inst Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Kataoka, J.; Nakamori, T.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Kerr, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Martin, P.; Orlando, E.; Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Okumura, A.; Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Div Space Sci, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Tramacere, A.] INTEGRAL Sci Data Ctr, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, S-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jean@cesr.fr; knodlseder@cesr.fr; martinp@mpe.mpg.de RI Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726 NR 65 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 523 AR A46 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201014855 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 695BW UT WOS:000285346600050 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Allafort, A Atwood, WB Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Burnett, TH Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Cannon, A Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Dubois, R Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Fortin, P Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Guiriec, S Gustafsson, M Hadasch, D Harding, AK Hayashi, K Hayashida, M Hays, E Healey, SE Jean, P Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lee, SH Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Martin, P Mazziotta, MN Mehault, J Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Naumann-Godo, M Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pepe, M Persic, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Ritz, S Romani, RW Sadrozinski, HFW Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strickman, MS Strigari, L Strong, AW Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vianello, G Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Yang, Z Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Allafort, A. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Burnett, T. H. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Cannon, A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Dubois, R. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Guiriec, S. Gustafsson, M. Hadasch, D. Harding, A. K. Hayashi, K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Healey, S. E. Jean, P. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lee, S. -H. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Martin, P. Mazziotta, M. N. Mehault, J. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Naumann-Godo, M. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pepe, M. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Ritz, S. Romani, R. W. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. S. Strigari, L. Strong, A. W. Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vianello, G. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Yang, Z. Ziegler, M. TI Fermi Large Area Telescope observations of Local Group galaxies: detection of M31 and search for M33 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Local Group; cosmic rays; gamma rays: galaxies ID LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; STAR-FORMATION; NGC 253; NEUTRAL HYDROGEN; NEARBY GALAXIES; SPACE-TELESCOPE; ATOMIC GAS; STARBURST; DISTANCE AB Context. Cosmic rays (CRs) can be studied through the galaxy-wide gamma-ray emission that they generate when propagating in the interstellar medium. The comparison of the diffuse signals from different systems may inform us about the key parameters in CR acceleration and transport. Aims. We aim to determine and compare the properties of the cosmic-ray-induced gamma-ray emission of several Local Group galaxies. Methods. We use 2 years of nearly continuous sky-survey observations obtained with the Large Area Telescope aboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope to search for gamma-ray emission from M31 and M33. We compare the results with those for the Large Magellanic Cloud, the Small Magellanic Cloud, the Milky Way, and the starburst galaxies M82 and NGC 253. Results. We detect a gamma-ray signal at 5 sigma significance in the energy range 200 MeV-20 GeV that is consistent with originating from M31. The integral photon flux above 100 MeV amounts to (9.1 +/- 1.9(stat) +/- 1.0(sys)) x 10(-9) ph cm(-2) s(-1). We find no evidence for emission from M33 and derive an upper limit on the photon flux > 100 MeV of 5.1 x 10(-9) ph cm(-2) s(-1) (2 sigma). Comparing these results to the properties of other Local Group galaxies, we find indications of a correlation between star formation rate and gamma-ray luminosity that also holds for the starburst galaxies. Conclusions. The gamma-ray luminosity of M31 is about half that of the Milky Way, which implies that the ratio between the average CR densities in M31 and the Milky Way amounts to xi = 0.35 +/- 0.25. The observed correlation between gamma-ray luminosity and star formation rate suggests that the flux of M33 is not far below the current upper limit from the LAT observations. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Parent, D.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Healey, S. E.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Strigari, L.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Healey, S. E.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Strigari, L.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CNRS, CEA IRFU,Lab AIM,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Persic, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Gustafsson, M.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Jean, P.; Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Brandt, T. J.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Cannon, A.; Celik, Oe.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; Johnson, T. J.; Moiseev, A. A.; Thompson, D. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cannon, A.] Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Celik, Oe.; Moiseev, A. A.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Celik, Oe.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.; Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Mehault, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Frailis, M.; Persic, M.] Osserv Astron Trieste, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hayashi, K.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Giroletti, M.] INAF, Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Grondin, M. -H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Johnson, T. J.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Johnson, T. J.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Martin, P.; Orlando, E.; Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Okumura, A.; Ozaki, M.; Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tibaldo, L.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.; Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Tramacere, A.] INTEGRAL Sci Data Ctr, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bechtol@stanford.edu; jean@cesr.fr; knodlseder@cesr.fr; martinp@mpe.mpg.de RI Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; OI Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577 NR 47 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 523 AR L2 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201015759 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 695BW UT WOS:000285346600003 ER PT J AU Fludra, A Warren, H AF Fludra, A. Warren, H. TI Radiative and magnetic properties of solar active regions II. Spatially resolved analysis of O V 62.97 nm transition region emission SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Sun: UV radiation; Sun: surface magnetism; Sun: transition region; Sun: corona; magnetic fields ID CORONAL DIAGNOSTIC SPECTROMETER; X-RAY; OSCILLATIONS; SOHO AB Context. Global relationships between the photospheric magnetic flux and the extreme ultraviolet emission integrated over active region area have been studied in a previous paper by Fludra & Ireland (2008, A&A, 483, 609). Spatially integrated EUV line intensities are tightly correlated with the total unsigned magnetic flux, and yet these global power laws have been shown to be insufficient for accurately determining the coronal heating mechanism owing to the mathematical ill-conditioning of the inverse problem. Aims. Our aim is to establish a relationship between the EUV line intensities and the photospheric magnetic flux density on small spatial scales in active regions and investigate whether it provides a way of identifying the process that heats the coronal loops. Methods. We compare spatially resolved EUV transition region emission and the photospheric magnetic flux density. This analysis is based on the O V 62.97 nm line recorded by the SOHO Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer (CDS) and SOHO MDI magnetograms for six solar active regions. The magnetic flux density phi is converted to a simulated O V intensity using a model relationship I(phi, L) = C phi L-delta(lambda), where the loop length L is obtained from potential magnetic field extrapolations. This simulated spatial distribution of O V intensities is convolved with the CDS instrument's point spread function and compared pixel by pixel with the observed O V line intensity. Parameters delta and lambda are derived to give the best fit for the observed and simulated intensities. Results. Spatially-resolved analysis of the transition region emission reveals the complex nature of the heating processes in active regions. In some active regions, particularly large, local intensity enhancements up to a factor of five are present. When areas with O V intensities above 3000 erg cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1) are ignored, a power law has been fitted to the relationship between the local O V line intensity and the photospheric magnetic flux density in each active region. The average power index delta from all regions is 0.4 +/- 0.1 and lambda = -0.15 +/- 0.07. However, the scatter of intensities in all regions is significantly greater than +/- 3 sigma from the fitted model. We therefore determine for the first time an empirical lower boundary for the I-OV - phi relationship that is the same for five active regions. We postulate that it represents a basal heating. Because this boundary is present in the spatially-resolved data, this is compelling proof that the magnetic field is one of the major factors contributing to the basal component of the heating of the coronal plasma. We discuss the implications for the diagnostics of the coronal heating mechanism. C1 [Fludra, A.] STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab, Space Sci & Technol Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Warren, H.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fludra, A (reprint author), STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab, Space Sci & Technol Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. EM andrzej.fludra@stfc.ac.uk; harry.warren@nrl.navy.mil FU UK Science and Technology Facilities Council FX This work was supported by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. SOHO is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. CDS was built and is operated by a consortium led by the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory and including the Mullard Space Science Laboratory, the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Oslo University and the Max-Planck-Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching. The authors thank Dr T. Hoeksema for information on the performance of the SOHO MDI instrument. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 523 AR A47 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201014261 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 695BW UT WOS:000285346600051 ER PT J AU Riquelme, D Bronfman, L Mauersberger, R May, J Wilson, TL AF Riquelme, D. Bronfman, L. Mauersberger, R. May, J. Wilson, T. L. TI A survey of the Galactic center region in HCO+, (HCO+)-C-13, and SiO SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ISM: clouds; ISM: molecules; Galaxy: center; surveys ID CENTER MOLECULAR CLOUDS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; NEARBY GALAXIES; LINE EMISSION; INNER GALAXY; DENSE GAS; LOOPS; HCN; CO AB Aims. A large-scale survey of the Galactic center region in the 3 mm rotational transitions of SiO, HCO+ and (HCO+)-C-13 (beamsize similar to 3'.6) was conducted to provide an estimate of cloud conditions, heating mechanisms, chemistry, and other properties. Methods. Using the NANTEN 4 m telescope from Nagoya University, a region between -5 degrees.75 < l < 5 degrees.6 and -0 degrees.68 < b < 1 degrees.3 was mapped in the J = 1 -> 0 lines of HCO+ and (HCO+)-C-13 and in the J = 2 -> 1 line of SiO with a spacing of 3'.75 (HCO+) and 1'.875 (SiO and (HCO+)-C-13). Results. Velocity channel maps, longitude-velocity maps, and latitude-velocity maps are presented. We identify 51 molecular clouds; 33 of them belong to the Galactic center and 18 to disk gas. We derive an average of the luminosity ratio of SiO(J = 2 -> 1)/CO(J = 1 -> 0) in clouds belonging to the Galactic center of 4.9 x 10(-3) and for disk clouds of 3.4 x 10(-3). The luminosity ratio of HCO+(J = 1 -> 0)/CO(J = 1 -> 0) in the Galactic center is 3.5 x 10(-2), and for disk clouds it is 1.5 x 10(-2). We can distinguish clearly between regions where the SiO or HCO+ dominate. C1 [Riquelme, D.; Mauersberger, R.] IRAM, E-18012 Granada, Spain. [Riquelme, D.; Bronfman, L.; May, J.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Mauersberger, R.] Joint ALMA Observ, Vitacura, Santiago Chile, Chile. [Wilson, T. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Riquelme, D (reprint author), IRAM, Av Div Pastora 7,Local 20, E-18012 Granada, Spain. EM riquelme@iram.es RI Bronfman, Leonardo/H-9544-2013 OI Bronfman, Leonardo/0000-0002-9574-8454 FU Chilean Center for Astrophysics FONDAP [N 15010003]; Center of Excellence in Astrophysics and Associated Technologies [PFB 06]; DGI [AYA 2008-06181-C02-02] FX We acknowledge support by the Chilean Center for Astrophysics FONDAP N 15010003 and by Center of Excellence in Astrophysics and Associated Technologies PFB 06. D. R. and R. M. were supported by DGI grant AYA 2008-06181-C02-02. We thank Fernando Olmos for help with the observations. We are grateful to the personnel and students from Nagoya University who supported observations at the telescope and keep the data reduction pack at Cerro Calan. We also want to thanks Jesus Martin-Pintado for helpful discussions. We thank the referee, Y. Fukui, and the editor of A&A, M. Walmsley, for valuable comments. NR 65 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 523 AR A45 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200913359 PG 180 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 695BW UT WOS:000285346600049 ER PT J AU Patsourakos, S Vourlidas, A Kliem, B AF Patsourakos, S. Vourlidas, A. Kliem, B. TI Toward understanding the early stages of an impulsively accelerated coronal mass ejection SECCHI observations SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: flares ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET WAVE; MAGNETIC-FLUX ROPE; QUADRATURE OBSERVATIONS; LASCO OBSERVATIONS; ENERGY-RELEASE; STEREO; FLARE; MODEL; CME; EIT AB Context. The expanding magnetic flux in coronal mass ejections (CMEs) often forms a cavity. Studies of CME cavities have so far been limited to the pre-event configuration to evolved CMEs at great heights, and to two-dimensional imaging data. Aims. Quantitative analysis of three-dimensional cavity evolution at CME onset can reveal information that is relevant to the genesis of the eruption. Methods. A spherical model was simultaneously fit to Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUVI) and Inner Coronagraph (COR1) data of an impulsively accelerated CME on 25 March 2008, which displays a well-defined extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and white-light cavity of nearly circular shape already at low heights h approximate to 0.2 R-circle dot. The center height h(t) and radial expansion r(t) of the cavity were obtained in the whole height range of the main acceleration. We interpret them as the axis height and as a quantity proportional to the minor radius of a flux rope. Results. The three-dimensional expansion of the CME exhibits two phases in the course of its main upward acceleration. From the first h and r data points, taken shortly after the onset of the main acceleration, the erupting flux shows an overexpansion compared to its rise, as expressed by the decrease in the aspect ratio from kappa = h/r approximate to 3 to kappa approximate to (1.5-2). This phase is approximately coincident with the impulsive rise in the acceleration and is followed by a phase of very gradual change in the aspect ratio (a nearly self-similar expansion) toward kappa similar to 2.5 at h similar to 10 R-circle dot. The initial overexpansion of the CME cavity can be caused by flux conservation around a rising flux rope of decreasing axial current and by the addition of flux to a growing, or by even newly formed, flux rope by magnetic reconnection. Further analysis will be required to decide which of these contributions is dominant. The data also suggest that the horizontal component of the impulsive cavity expansion (parallel to the solar surface) triggers the associated EUV wave, which subsequently detaches from the CME volume. C1 [Patsourakos, S.] Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, Sect Astrogeophys, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Vourlidas, A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kliem, B.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Surrey, England. [Kliem, B.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Potsdam, Germany. RP Patsourakos, S (reprint author), Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, Sect Astrogeophys, POB 1186, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. EM spatsour@cc.uoi.gr; vourlidas@nrl.navy.mil; bkliem@uni-potsdam.de RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 FU NASA [NNH06AD58I, NNX08AG44G]; STFC; DFG FX The SECCHI data used here were produced by an international consortium of the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Lab (USA), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK), University of Birmingham (UK), Max-Planck-Institut for Solar System Research (Germany), Centre Spatiale de Liege (Belgium), Institut d'Optique Theorique et Appliquee (France), and Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France). We gratefully acknowledge very constructive discussions with T. G. Forbes about cavity expansion, which significantly helped to interpret the results. We also thank the referee for helpful comments. This work was suported by NASA grants NNH06AD58I and NNX08AG44G, by an STFC Rolling Grant, and by the DFG. NR 59 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 522 AR A100 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200913599 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 679HS UT WOS:000284153100106 ER PT J AU Landi, E Klimchuk, JA AF Landi, E. Klimchuk, J. A. TI ON THE ISOTHERMALITY OF SOLAR PLASMAS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; stars: coronae; Sun: corona; Sun: UV radiation; Sun: X-rays, gamma rays; techniques: spectroscopic ID ACTIVE-REGION LOOPS; IMAGING SPECTROMETER OBSERVATIONS; EMISSION-LINES; ATOMIC DATABASE; CORONAL LOOPS; TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENTS; THERMAL STRUCTURE; QUIET-SUN; TRACE; CHIANTI AB Recent measurements have shown that the quiet unstructured solar corona observed at the solar limb is close to isothermal, at a temperature that does not appear to change over wide areas or with time. Some individual active region loop structures have also been found to be nearly isothermal both along their axis and across their cross section. Even a complex active region observed at the solar limb has been found to be composed of three distinct isothermal plasmas. If confirmed, these results would pose formidable challenges to the current theoretical understanding of the thermal structure and heating of the solar corona. For example, no current theoretical model can explain the excess densities and lifetimes of many observed loops if the loops are in fact isothermal. All of these measurements are based on the so-called emission measure (EM) diagnostic technique that is applied to a set of optically thin lines under the assumption of isothermal plasma. It provides simultaneous measurement of both the temperature and EM. In this work, we develop a new method to quantify the uncertainties in the technique and to rigorously assess its ability to discriminate between isothermal and multithermal plasmas. We define a formal measure of the uncertainty in the EM diagnostic technique that can easily be applied to real data. We here apply it to synthetic data based on a variety of assumed plasma thermal distributions and develop a method to quantitatively assess the degree of multithermality of a plasma. C1 [Landi, E.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Landi, E.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Klimchuk, J. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Landi, E (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011; Klimchuk, James/D-1041-2012 OI Klimchuk, James/0000-0003-2255-0305 FU NASA; ONR FX The work of E.L. is supported by several NASA grants. The work of J.A.K. was supported by the NASA Living With a Star Program and by ONR. The idea for this study was born at a meeting of the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) working group on The Role of Spectroscopic and Imaging Data in Understanding Coronal Heating led by Dr. Susanna Parenti. NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2010 VL 723 IS 1 BP 320 EP 328 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/723/1/320 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 678OX UT WOS:000284090100026 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Allafort, A Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Carrigan, S Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Chaty, S Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Conrad, J Dermer, CD de Palma, F Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Gehrels, N Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hill, AB Horan, D Hughes, RE Itoh, R Jackson, MS Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lee, SH Lemoine-Goumard, M Livingstone, M Garde, ML Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Mehault, J Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Naumann-Godo, M Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Roth, M Sadrozinski, HFW Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tibolla, O Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wallace, E Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Yang, Z Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Allafort, A. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Carrigan, S. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe Chaty, S. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. Dermer, C. D. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hill, A. B. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Itoh, R. Jackson, M. S. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lee, S. -H. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Livingstone, M. Garde, M. Llena Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Mehault, J. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Naumann-Godo, M. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Roth, M. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, O. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wallace, E. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Yang, Z. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE OBSERVATION OF A GAMMA-RAY SOURCE AT THE POSITION OF ETA CARINAE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; stars: individual (Eta Carinae); supergiants ID PROPORTIONAL COUNTER ARRAY; SOURCE LIST; EMISSION; CATALOG; PULSARS; CALIBRATION; BINARIES; SEARCHES; STARS; LAT AB The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope detected a gamma-ray source that is spatially consistent with the location of Eta Carinae. This source has been persistently bright since the beginning of the LAT survey observations (from 2008 August to 2009 July, the time interval considered here). The gamma-ray signal is detected significantly throughout the LAT energy band (i.e., up to similar to 100 GeV). The 0.1-100 GeV energy spectrum is well represented by a combination of a cutoff power-law model (<10 GeV) and a hard power-law component (>10 GeV). The total flux (>100 MeV) is 3.7(-0.1)(+0.3) x 10(-7) photons s(-1) cm(-2), with additional systematic uncertainties of 10%, and consistent with the average flux measured by AGILE. The light curve obtained by Fermi is consistent with steady emission. Our observations do not confirm the presence of a gamma-ray flare in 2008 October, as reported by Tavani et al., although we cannot exclude that a flare lasting only a few hours escaped detection by the Fermi LAT. We also do not find any evidence for gamma-ray variability that correlates with the large X-ray variability of Eta Carinae observed during 2008 December and 2009 January. We are thus not able to establish an unambiguous identification of the LAT source with Eta Carinae. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Chaty, S.; Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CNRS, CEA Saclay,CEA,IRFU,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Carrigan, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Brandt, T. J.; Hughes, R. E.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.; Wallace, E.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.; Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Celik, Oe; Ferrara, E. C.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.; Thompson, D. J.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe; Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Celik, Oe; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.; Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Mehault, J.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Garde, M. Llena; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; Garde, M. Llena; Yang, Z.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, UMR 5797, IN2P3, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astron Trieste, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Itoh, R.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Guillemot, L.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Hill, A. B.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, UMR 5571, Lab Astrophys Grenoble LAOG, F-38041 Grenoble 09, France. [Jackson, M. S.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Kataoka, J.; Nakamori, T.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Livingstone, M.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Okumura, A.; Ozaki, M.; Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tibolla, O.] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Tramacere, A.] INTEGRAL Sci Data Ctr, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Cheung, C. C.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Parent, D.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. EM Jurgen.Knodlseder@cesr.fr; hirotaka@hep01.hepl.hiroshima-u.ac.jp RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013 OI Hill, Adam/0000-0003-3470-4834; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Chaty, Sylvain/0000-0002-5769-8601; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; FU European Community [ERC-StG-200911]; International Doctorate on Astroparticle Physics (IDAPP) FX Funded by contract ERC-StG-200911 from the European Community.; Partially supported by the International Doctorate on Astroparticle Physics (IDAPP) program. NR 29 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2010 VL 723 IS 1 BP 649 EP 657 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/723/1/649 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 678OX UT WOS:000284090100057 ER PT J AU Moore, MH Ferrante, RF Moore, WJ Hudson, R AF Moore, Marla H. Ferrante, Robert F. Moore, W. James Hudson, Reggie TI INFRARED SPECTRA AND OPTICAL CONSTANTS OF NITRILE ICES RELEVANT TO TITAN'S ATMOSPHERE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE catalogs; infrared: planetary systems; methods: laboratory; planets and satellites: individual (Titan); techniques: spectroscopic ID DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES; REFRACTIVE-INDEXES; CO2; STRATOSPHERE; INTENSITIES; HC3N; DENSITIES; REGION; C2N2; C4N2 AB Spectra and optical constants of nitrile ices known or suspected to be in Titan's atmosphere are presented from 2.0 to 333.3 mu m (similar to 5000-30 cm(-1)). These results are relevant to the ongoing modeling of Cassini CIRS observations of Titan's winter pole. Ices studied are: HCN, hydrogen cyanide; C2N2, cyanogen; CH3CN, acetonitrile; C2H5CN, propionitrile; and HC3N, cyanoacetylene. For each of these molecules, we also report new cryogenic measurements of the real refractive index, n, determined in both the amorphous and crystalline phases at 670 nm. These new values have been incorporated into our optical constant calculations. Spectra were measured and optical constants were calculated for each nitrile at a variety of temperatures, including, but not limited to, 20, 35, 50, 75, 95, and 110 K, in both the amorphous phase and the crystalline phase. This laboratory effort used a dedicated FTIR spectrometer to record transmission spectra of thin-film ice samples. Laser interference was used to measure film thickness during condensation onto a transparent cold window attached to the tail section of a closed-cycle helium cryostat. Optical constants, real (n) and imaginary (k) refractive indices, were determined using Kramers-Kronig analysis. Our calculation reproduces the complete spectrum, including all interference effects. C1 [Moore, Marla H.; Moore, W. James] NASA, USRA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ferrante, Robert F.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Moore, MH (reprint author), NASA, USRA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 691, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Marla.h.moore@nasa.gov RI Hudson, Reggie/E-2335-2012 FU NASA; Goddard Center for Astrobiology FX The authors acknowledge support through NASA's Cassini Data Analysis and Planetary Atmospheres programs, and The Goddard Center for Astrobiology. We thank Mark Loeffler for measuring the index of refraction of nitrile ices at 670 nm. We acknowledge the initial driving force for new spectroscopy measurements by Raj Khanna (deceased), data sharing by Neil Dello Russo, and ongoing guidance for Titan relevance from Bob Samuelson and Carrie Anderson. We also thank an anonymous referee for helpful comments that led to the improvement of this manuscript. NR 40 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 26 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 191 IS 1 BP 96 EP 112 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/191/1/96 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 688EU UT WOS:000284833400006 ER PT J AU Kessler, DA Gamezo, VN Oran, ES AF Kessler, D. A. Gamezo, V. N. Oran, E. S. TI Simulations of flame acceleration and deflagration-to-detonation transitions in methane-air systems SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Deflagration-to-detonation transition; Methane-air explosions; Flame acceleration; Obstructed channels ID BURNING VELOCITY; HOT-SPOTS; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; REACTION-MECHANISMS; HYDROCARBON FUELS; CHEMICAL-KINETICS; MIXTURES; DDT; COMBUSTION; PREDICTION AB Flame acceleration and deflagration-to-detonation transitions (DDT) in large obstructed channels filled with a stoichiometric methane-air mixture are simulated using a single-step reaction mechanism. The reaction parameters are calibrated using known velocities and length scales of laminar flames and detonations. Calculations of the flame dynamics and DDT in channels with obstacles are compared to previously reported experimental data. The results obtained using the simple reaction model qualitatively, and in many cases, quantitatively match the experiments and are found to be largely insensitive to small variations in model parameters. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Combustion Institute. C1 [Kessler, D. A.; Gamezo, V. N.; Oran, E. S.] USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kessler, DA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) through the Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) through the Office of Naval Research. Computational facilities were provided by the Laboratory for Computational Physics and Fluid Dynamics and the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Project. The authors thank R. Karl Zipf, Michael Sapko, Khaled Mohamed, Walter Marchewka, James Addis, Frank Karnack, and Eric Weiss of NIOSH for many engaging discussions concerning methane-air explosions and Alexei Poludnenko for several discussions concerning the nature of turbulence in shock-laden flows. The authors also thank an anonymous reviewer for several insightful comments during the review process. NR 50 TC 50 Z9 57 U1 4 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD NOV PY 2010 VL 157 IS 11 BP 2063 EP 2077 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.04.011 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 661HR UT WOS:000282717200006 ER PT J AU Pidaparti, RM Aghazadeh, BS Whitfield, A Rao, AS Mercier, GP AF Pidaparti, Ramana M. Aghazadeh, Babak Seyed Whitfield, Angela Rao, A. S. Mercier, Gerald P. TI Classification of corrosion defects in NiAl bronze through image analysis SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Nickel; SEM; Modeling Studies; Pitting Corrosion; Acid Corrosion; Corrosion Fatigue ID ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION; PITTING CORROSION; INITIATION; EXPOSURE; ALLOYS; STRESS; DAMAGE AB Corrosion surface damage in the form of pitting and micro-cracks is observed in many metals. Cracks usually initiate from the pits and grow under cyclic stresses and eventually lead to material failure. An image analysis based on wavelet transforms and fractals was used to study the corrosion morphology of nickel aluminum bronze metal under varying corrosion conditions and applied stresses. Image feature parameters were extracted and analyzed to classify the pits/cracks in the metal samples. The results obtained indicate that classification of pits/cracks is possible with image analysis and may be used for correlating service/failure conditions based on corrosion morphology. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pidaparti, Ramana M.; Aghazadeh, Babak Seyed] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Whitfield, Angela; Rao, A. S.; Mercier, Gerald P.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Dept Alloy Dev & Mech, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Pidaparti, RM (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 401 W Main St, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM rmpidaparti@vcu.edu FU US National Science Foundation [DMR-0505496]; Office of Naval Research, Virginia FX The first two authors thank US National Science Foundation for supporting this work through a Grant DMR-0505496. The authors also acknowledge the financial support from Dr. Airan Perez, Program Officer, Office of Naval Research, Virginia. NR 24 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0010-938X J9 CORROS SCI JI Corrosion Sci. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 52 IS 11 BP 3661 EP 3666 DI 10.1016/j.corsci.2010.07.017 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 659IX UT WOS:000282561300010 ER PT J AU Wankel, SD Joye, SB Samarkin, VA Shah, SR Friederich, G Melas-Kyriazi, J Girguis, PR AF Wankel, Scott D. Joye, Samantha B. Samarkin, Vladimir A. Shah, Sunita R. Friederich, Gernot Melas-Kyriazi, John Girguis, Peter R. TI New constraints on methane fluxes and rates of anaerobic methane oxidation in a Gulf of Mexico brine pool via in situ mass spectrometry SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Methane flux; Mass spectrometer; Brine pool; Methane oxidation; Gulf of Mexico ID SEA-FLOOR BRINES; GAS HYDRATE; COLD SEEPS; RIFTIA-PACHYPTILA; SULFATE REDUCTION; DISSOLVED-GASES; SAANICH INLET; SEDIMENTS; SLOPE; BIOGEOCHEMISTRY AB Deep-sea biogeochemical cycles are, in general, poorly understood owing to the difficulties of making measurements in situ, recovering samples with minimal perturbation, and, in many cases, coping with high spatial and temporal heterogeneity. In particular, biogeochemical fluxes of volatiles such as methane remain largely unconstrained because of the difficulties with accurate quantification in situ and the patchiness of point sources such as seeps and brine pools. To better constrain biogeochemical fluxes and cycling, we have developed a deep-sea in situ mass spectrometer (ISMS) to enable high-resolution quantification of volatiles in situ. Here we report direct measurements of methane concentrations made in a Gulf of Mexico brine pool located at a depth of over 2300 m. Concentrations of up to 33 mM methane were observed within the brine pool, whereas concentrations in the water directly above were three orders of magnitude lower. These direct measurements enabled us to make the first accurate estimates of the diffusive flux from a brine pool, calculated to be 1.1 +/- 0.2 mol m(-2) yr(-1). Integrated rate measurements of aerobic methane oxidation in the water column overlying the brine pool were similar to 320 mu mol m(-2) yr(-1), accounting at most for just 0.03% of the diffusive methane flux from the brine pool. Calculated rates of anaerobic methane oxidation were 600-1200 mu M yr(-1), one to two orders of magnitude higher than previously published values of AOM in anoxic fluids. These findings suggest that brine pools are enormous point sources of methane in the deep sea, and may, in aggregate, have a pronounced impact on the global marine methane cycle. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wankel, Scott D.; Girguis, Peter R.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Joye, Samantha B.; Samarkin, Vladimir A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Shah, Sunita R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Friederich, Gernot] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Melas-Kyriazi, John] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Girguis, PR (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM pgirguis@oeb.harvard.edu RI Shah Walter, Sunita/D-4981-2013; OI Shah Walter, Sunita/0000-0003-2206-9052; Joye, Samantha/0000-0003-1610-451X FU U.S. Department of the Interior BOEMRE; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; David and Lucile Packard Foundation, Harvard University; National Science Foundation [MCB-0702504] FX We are especially grateful to Stephane Hourdez for his immense help with the Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry instrument during this expedition. We are also grateful to Dr. Charles Fisher for his support, as well as to the captains and crew of the RV Ronald H. Brown and RV Atlantis. Special thanks to the pilots and support staff of the DSV ALVIN and DSV JASON II from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for help in collecting and processing samples. Extra thanks go especially to Matthew Heinz and Tito Collasius for their assistance in the machine shop. This research was supported by the U.S. Department of the Interior BOEMRE, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, Harvard University, and the National Science Foundation (MCB-0702504). NR 52 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 34 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 57 IS 21-23 BP 2022 EP 2029 DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.05.009 PG 8 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 694TZ UT WOS:000285323200017 ER PT J AU Letada, PR Uebelhoer, NS Masters, R Satter, EK Shumaker, PR AF Letada, Philip R. Uebelhoer, Nathan S. Masters, Reid Satter, Elizabeth K. Shumaker, Peter R. TI Alopecia of the Scalp After Ineffective Treatment of Bowen's Disease Using Red Light 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Photodynamic Therapy: Two Case Reports SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID CELL CARCINOMA AB The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters. C1 [Letada, Philip R.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Letada, PR (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM Philip.Letada@med.navy.mil NR 11 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 36 IS 11 BP 1786 EP 1789 DI 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2010.01750.x PG 4 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 669BY UT WOS:000283322600030 PM 20961355 ER PT J AU Ochoa, TJ Rivera, FP Bernal, M Meza, R Ecker, L Gil, AI Cepeda, D Mosquito, S Mercado, E Maves, RC Hall, ER Svennerholm, AM McVeigh, A Savarino, S Lanata, CF AF Ochoa, Theresa J. Rivera, Fulton P. Bernal, Maria Meza, Rina Ecker, Lucie Gil, Ana I. Cepeda, David Mosquito, Susan Mercado, Erik Maves, Ryan C. Hall, Eric R. Svennerholm, Ann-Mari McVeigh, Annette Savarino, Stephen Lanata, Claudio F. TI Detection of the CS20 colonization factor antigen in diffuse-adhering Escherichia coli strains SO FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE colonization factor antigens; enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; diarrheagenic Escherichia coli; diffusely adherent Escherichia coli; diarrhea; children ID GM1-ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; IDENTIFICATION; ADHESINS; TOXIN; PCR AB We analyzed a randomly selected group of 30 diffusely adherent (DAEC), 30 enteropathogenic, 30 enteroaggregative, and five Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from children with diarrhea. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) colonization factors (CFs) were evaluated by a dot-blot assay using 21 CF-specific monoclonal antibodies. Out of 95 non-ETEC strains, three DAEC were found to express coli surface antigen 20 (CS20). No other E. coli expressed CFs. We confirmed the three CS20-positive strains as ETEC-negative by repeat PCR and as toxin-negative by ganglioside-GM1-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To our knowledge, this is the first study that has identified currently recognized CFs in non-ETEC diarrheagenic E. coli strains identified using molecular methods. CFs may be an unrecognized relevant adherence factor in other E. coli, which may then play a role in pathogenesis and the immune response of the host. C1 [Ochoa, Theresa J.; Rivera, Fulton P.; Mosquito, Susan; Mercado, Erik] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Inst Med Trop Alexander von Humboldt, Lima 33, Peru. [Ochoa, Theresa J.] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Bernal, Maria; Meza, Rina; Cepeda, David; Maves, Ryan C.] US Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. [Ecker, Lucie; Gil, Ana I.; Lanata, Claudio F.] Inst Invest Nutr, Lima, Peru. [Hall, Eric R.; McVeigh, Annette; Savarino, Stephen] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Svennerholm, Ann-Mari] Univ Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Lanata, Claudio F.] Univ Peruana Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru. RP Ochoa, TJ (reprint author), Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Inst Med Trop Alexander von Humboldt, Av Honorio Delgado 430, Lima 33, Peru. EM theresa.j.ochoa@uth.tmc.edu FU United States Military Infectious Disease Research Program (MIDRP) [60000.000.0.B0017]; C.F.L.'s Institutional Research Funds; [1K01TW007405] FX T.J.O. is supported by 1K01TW007405. This work has been partially funded by C.F.L.'s Institutional Research Funds and by the United States Military Infectious Disease Research Program (MIDRP), work unit number 60000.000.0.B0017. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0928-8244 J9 FEMS IMMUNOL MED MIC JI FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 60 IS 2 BP 186 EP 189 DI 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2010.00730.x PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 662ME UT WOS:000282810600011 PM 21064230 ER PT J AU Dharia, NV Plouffe, D Bopp, SER Gonzalez-Paez, GE Lucas, C Salas, C Soberon, V Bursulaya, B Kochel, TJ Bacon, DJ Winzeler, EA AF Dharia, Neekesh V. Plouffe, David Bopp, Selina E. R. Gonzalez-Paez, Gonzalo E. Lucas, Carmen Salas, Carola Soberon, Valeria Bursulaya, Badry Kochel, Tadeusz J. Bacon, David J. Winzeler, Elizabeth A. TI Genome scanning of Amazonian Plasmodium falciparum shows subtelomeric instability and clindamycin-resistant parasites SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID LIMITED GENETIC DIVERSITY; RAPID DIAGNOSTIC-TEST; 23S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; CHLOROQUINE RESISTANCE; QUININE RESISTANCE; MALARIA PARASITES; DRUG-RESISTANCE; IN-VITRO; CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS AB Here, we fully characterize the genomes of 14 Plasmodium falciparum patient isolates taken recently from the Iquitos region using genome scanning, a microarray-based technique that delineates the majority of single-base changes, indels, and copy number variants distinguishing the coding regions of two clones. We show that the parasite population in the Peruvian Amazon bears a limited number of genotypes and low recombination frequencies. Despite the essentially clonal nature of some isolates, we see high frequencies of mutations in subtelomeric highly variable genes and internal var genes, indicating mutations arising during self-mating or mitotic replication. The data also reveal that one or two meioses separate different isolates, showing that P. falciparum clones isolated from different individuals in defined geographical regions could be useful in linkage analyses or quantitative trait locus studies. Through pairwise comparisons of different isolates we discovered point mutations in the apicoplast genome that are close to known mutations that confer clindamycin resistance in other species, but which were hitherto unknown in malaria parasites. Subsequent drug sensitivity testing revealed over 100-fold increase of clindamycin EC50 in strains harboring one of these mutations. This evidence of clindamycin-resistant parasites in the Amazon suggests that a shift should be made in health policy away from quinine + clindamycin therapy for malaria in pregnant women and infants, and that the development of new lincosamide antibiotics for malaria should be reconsidered. [Supplemental material is available online at http://www.genome.org. The microarray data from this study have been submitted to the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo) under accession no. GSE22861 and are also at http://www.scripps.edu/cb/winzeler/resources/pf_peru.] C1 [Dharia, Neekesh V.; Bopp, Selina E. R.; Gonzalez-Paez, Gonzalo E.; Winzeler, Elizabeth A.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, ICND 202, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Plouffe, David; Bursulaya, Badry; Winzeler, Elizabeth A.] Novartis Res Fdn, Genom Inst, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Lucas, Carmen; Salas, Carola; Soberon, Valeria; Kochel, Tadeusz J.; Bacon, David J.] USN, Parasitol Program, Med Res Ctr Detachment, APO, AA 34031 USA. RP Winzeler, EA (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, ICND 202, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM winzeler@scripps.edu FU WM Keck Foundation; National Institutes of Health [R01AI059472]; Medicines for Malaria Venture; Wellcome Trust FX We thank C. McNamara and S.J. Westenberger for helpful discussions. D.J.B. and T.J.K. are military service members, and this work was prepared as part of their official duties. E.A.W. was supported by grants from the WM Keck Foundation and the National Institutes of Health (R01AI059472). Malaria work at GNF is partially supported by grants from the Medicines for Malaria Venture and the Wellcome Trust. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the Department of the Navy, the Department of Defense, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the U.S. government. The study protocol was approved by the Naval Medical Research Center Institutional Review Board in compliance with all applicable Federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects. NR 83 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 1088-9051 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 20 IS 11 BP 1534 EP 1544 DI 10.1101/gr.105163.110 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 673JF UT WOS:000283654800007 PM 20829224 ER PT J AU Chapelle, FH Singletary, MA AF Chapelle, Francis H. Singletary, Michael A. TI Combining Source-Area Treatment with MNA: A Tale of Two Sites SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Chapelle, Francis H.] US Geol Survey, Columbia, SC 29210 USA. [Singletary, Michael A.] USN, Facil Engn Command SE, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. RP Chapelle, FH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 720 Gracern Rd,Suite 129, Columbia, SC 29210 USA. EM chapelle@usgs.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 48 IS 6 BP 803 EP 805 PG 3 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 675KB UT WOS:000283828300009 PM 21416660 ER PT J AU Chesley, SR Baer, J Monet, DG AF Chesley, Steven R. Baer, James Monet, David G. TI Treatment of star catalog biases in asteroid astrometric observations SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Asteroids; Comets ID PHOTOMETRIC DATA; 99942 APOPHIS; UCAC2; 2MASS; SHAPE AB In this paper, we discuss the detection of systematic biases in star positions of the USNO A1.0, A2.0, and B1.0 catalogs, as deduced from the residuals of numbered asteroid observations. We present a technique for the removal of these biases, and validate this technique by illustrating the resulting improvements in numbered asteroid residuals, and by establishing that debiased orbits predict omitted observations more accurately than do orbits derived from non-debiased observations. We also illustrate the benefits of debiasing to high-precision astrometric applications such as asteroid mass determination and collision analysis, including a refined prediction of the impact probability of 99942 Apophis. Specifically, we find the IP of Apophis to be lowered by nearly an order of magnitude to 4.5 x 10(-6) for the 2036 close approach. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Baer, James] James Cook Univ, Sch Engn & Phys Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Chesley, Steven R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Monet, David G.] USN Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Baer, J (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Sch Engn & Phys Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. EM steve.chesley@jpl.nasa.gov; jimbaer1@earthlink.net FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX We are grateful to Tim Spahr and Gareth Williams of the Minor Planet Center at Harvard Univ., who provided the astrometric catalog information, which was vital for this effort to proceed. Numerous observers and observing programs provided valuable information beyond what is available from the MPC data files. In particular, we thank Bob McMillan (Spacewatch), Ed Beshore (Catalina Sky Survey), Scott Stuart (LINEAR), Bruce Koehn (LONEOS) and Ken Lawrence (NEAT) for their cooperation. Finally, we are sincerely grateful to Andrea Milani, for his expertise and help at each step of this effort. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. Some of the results in this paper have been derived using the HEALPix package (Gorski et al., 2005). This research was conducted in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 33 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD NOV PY 2010 VL 210 IS 1 BP 158 EP 181 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.06.003 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 665LH UT WOS:000283036100014 ER PT J AU Kushto, GP Makinen, AJ Lane, PA AF Kushto, Gary P. Maekinen, Antti J. Lane, Paul A. TI Organic Photovoltaic Cells Using Group 10 Metallophthalocyanine Electron Donors SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Fullerenes; organic compounds; photovoltaic devices; transition metal compounds ID SOLAR-CELLS; PHTHALOCYANINES; INTERFACES; NI AB Organic planar heterojunction solar cells using C(60) as an electron acceptor and group 10 metal phthalocyanines ( nickel, palladium, and platinum) as electron donors have been fabricated and evaluated for their device characteristics. Upon changing the metal center, these devices exhibit interesting trends, such as variations in the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, and power-conversion efficiency. Devices based on palladium phthalocyanine (PdPc) exhibited the best performance, achieving power-conversion efficiencies of 2.4% under AM1.5G (76mW/cm(2)) illumination. This is due to the higher ionization potential of PdPc and greater efficiency of charge photogeneration. Nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) has the highest hole mobility, but cells using NiPc have the weakest charge-generation efficiency. This is due to poor exciton diffusion to the organic heterojunction that can be overcome by using a composite NiPc:C(60) charge-generation layer. An optimized NiPc-based cell has a power-conversion efficiency of 1.9%. C1 [Kushto, Gary P.; Maekinen, Antti J.; Lane, Paul A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kushto, GP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gary.kushto@nrl.navy.mil; antti.makinen@nrl.navy.mil; paul.lane@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1552 EP 1559 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2010.2052354 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 736IY UT WOS:000288488400006 ER PT J AU Lewis, TG Pickl, S Peek, B Xu, GL AF Lewis, Ted G. Pickl, Stefan Peek, Ben Xu, Guoliang TI Network Science SO IEEE NETWORK LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Lewis, Ted G.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Pickl, Stefan] UBw Munchen, Acad Highly Gifted Pupils, Munich, Germany. [Pickl, Stefan] Univ Cologne, D-5000 Cologne 41, Germany. [Pickl, Stefan] Univ Nevada, CASA, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Pickl, Stefan] NPS Monterey, Ctr Network Innovat & Expt, CENETIX, Monterey, CA USA. [Pickl, Stefan] Stanford Univ, Res Program Intelligent Networks & Secur Struct, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Pickl, Stefan] Stanford Univ, Res Program Crit Infrastruct & Syst Anal CRISYS, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Xu, Guoliang] Arizona State Univ, Sch Comp Informat & Decis Syst Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Xu, Guoliang] Univ Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Lewis, TG (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Ctr Homeland Def & Secur, Monterey, CA USA. EM tlewis@nps.edu; stefan.pickl@unibw.de; ben@peek.com; xue@asu.edu NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0890-8044 J9 IEEE NETWORK JI IEEE Netw. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 24 IS 6 BP 4 EP 5 DI 10.1109/MNET.2010.5634435 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA 680IT UT WOS:000284226300002 ER PT J AU Clark, PC Cook, GR Fisher, EL Fulp, JD Linhoff, V Irvine, CE AF Clark, Paul C. Cook, Glenn R. Fisher, Edward L. Fulp, John D. Linhoff, Valerie Irvine, Cynthia E. TI New Pathways in Identity Management SO IEEE SECURITY & PRIVACY LA English DT Article C1 [Clark, Paul C.; Fulp, John D.; Linhoff, Valerie; Irvine, Cynthia E.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Cook, Glenn R.; Fisher, Edward L.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Informat Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Clark, PC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM pcclark@nps.edu; grcook@nps.edu; elfisher@nps.edu; jdfulp@nps.edu; vllinhof@nps.edu; irvine@nps.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1540-7993 J9 IEEE SECUR PRIV JI IEEE Secur. Priv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 8 IS 6 BP 64 EP 67 DI 10.1109/MSP.2010.183 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 691AM UT WOS:000285052700011 ER PT J AU Kindt, RW Pickles, WR AF Kindt, Rick W. Pickles, William R. TI Ultrawideband All-Metal Flared-Notch Array Radiator SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE Domain decomposition; finite element method; phased array; tapered-slot; thick flared-notch element; ultrawideband arrays; Vivaldi array ID PHASED-ARRAYS; ANTENNA; DESIGN; ELEMENTS AB Simulations and measurements are presented for an all-metal flared-notch array element in both single and dual-polarization configurations. The ultrawideband radiator exhibits an operational bandwidth of 12:1 for broadside scan and 8:1 bandwidth at a 45-degree scan in all planes, maintaining active VSWR<2. The feed consists of a direct coax-to-slot-line transition that mounts directly into the base of the radiator. The all-metal flared-notches are machined from common metal stock and fed via SMA coaxial connectors. No soldering is required for any part of the design-including the feed-and assembly is simple and modular. The array parts are machined using a high-precision wire-EDM cutting technology, ensuring that measurements (in the 700 MHz-9 GHz range) are repeatable and give close agreement with theory, even through multiple assembly cycles of the modular construction system. This paper presents results for a 32-element linear array of horizontal elements and also an 8 x 8 planar array of dual-polarized elements, comparing measurements with full-wave simulations of the complete finite array structures. C1 [Kindt, Rick W.; Pickles, William R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kindt, RW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM rick.kindt@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research in 2008-2009. NR 29 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-926X EI 1558-2221 J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 58 IS 11 BP 3568 EP 3575 DI 10.1109/TAP.2010.2071360 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 676SY UT WOS:000283940100016 ER PT J AU Gliese, U Colladay, K Hastings, AS Tulchinsky, DA Urick, VJ Williams, KJ AF Gliese, Ulrik Colladay, Kristina Hastings, Alexander S. Tulchinsky, David A. Urick, Vincent J. Williams, Keith J. TI RF Power Conversion Efficiency of Photodiodes Driven by Mach-Zehnder Modulators SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE Analog photonics; microwave photonics; optoelectronics; photodiodes; power conversion efficiency (PCE) ID HIGH-CURRENT PHOTODETECTORS; SATURATION; PERFORMANCE; COMPRESSION; DESIGN; LINKS AB A comprehensive analysis supported by experimental results is provided for RF and microwave power conversion efficiency (PCE) of photodiodes driven by optical signals with either shaped or pure sinusoidal intensity-envelopes where the shaping is performed with a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM). It is shown that optical envelope-shaping provides a significantly improved maximum theoretical PCE of 67% as compared to 50% for sinusoidal intensity-envelopes. Practical PCEs of 40.5%-53.5% have been achieved as compared to previously published efficiencies in the 32%-41% range. The results demonstrate that high-current photodiodes can be used as efficient wideband high-power output stages in microwave photonic distribution systems leading to less complex and more efficient antenna array backplanes. C1 [Gliese, Ulrik; Colladay, Kristina] NRL, Global Strategies Grp, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. [Hastings, Alexander S.; Tulchinsky, David A.; Urick, Vincent J.; Williams, Keith J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gliese, U (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, SGT, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM ulrik.gliese@nasa.gov; kristina.colladay@nrl.navy.mil; hastings@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; david.tulchinsky@nrl.navy.mil; vin-cent.urick@nrl.navy.mil; keith.williams@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 58 IS 11 SI SI BP 3359 EP 3371 DI 10.1109/TMTT.2010.2075530 PN 2 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 680GE UT WOS:000284219600042 ER PT J AU Mahajan, B Berzofsky, JA Boykins, RA Majam, V Zheng, H Chattopadhyay, R de la Vega, P Moch, JK Haynes, JD Belyakov, IM Nakhasi, HL Kumar, S AF Mahajan, Babita Berzofsky, Jay A. Boykins, Robert A. Majam, Victoria Zheng, Hong Chattopadhyay, Rana de la Vega, Patricia Moch, J. Kathleen Haynes, J. David Belyakov, Igor M. Nakhasi, Hira L. Kumar, Sanjai TI Multiple Antigen Peptide Vaccines against Plasmodium falciparum Malaria SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID B-CELL EPITOPES; RED-BLOOD-CELLS; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; T-CELL; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES; SPOROZOITE VACCINE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; ANTIBODIES; IMMUNOGENICITY AB The multiple antigen peptide (MAP) approach is an effective method to chemically synthesize and deliver multiple T-cell and B-cell epitopes as the constituents of a single immunogen. Here we report on the design, chemical synthesis, and immunogenicity of three Plasmodium falciparum MAP vaccines that incorporated antigenic epitopes from the sporozoite, liver, and blood stages of the life cycle. Antibody and cellular responses were determined in three inbred (C57BL/6, BALB/c, and A/J) strains, one congenic (HLA-A2 on the C57BL/6 background) strain, and one outbred strain (CD1) of mice. All three MAPs were immunogenic and induced both antibody and cellular responses, albeit in a somewhat genetically restricted manner. Antibodies against MAP-1, MAP-2, and MAP-3 had an antiparasite effect that was also dependent on the mouse major histocompatibility complex background. Anti-MAP-1 (CSP-based) antibodies blocked the invasion of HepG2 liver cells by P. falciparum sporozoites (highest, 95.16% in HLA-A2 C57BL/6; lowest, 11.21% in BALB/c). Furthermore, antibodies generated following immunizations with the MAP-2 (PfCSP, PfLSA-1, PfMSP-1(42), and PfMSP-3b) and MAP-3 (PfRAP-1, PfRAP-2, PfSERA, and PfMSP-1(42)) vaccines were able to reduce the growth of blood stage parasites in erythrocyte cultures to various degrees. Thus, MAP-based vaccines remain a viable option to induce effective antibody and cellular responses. These results warrant further development and preclinical and clinical testing of the next generation of candidate MAP vaccines that are based on the conserved protective epitopes from Plasmodium antigens that are widely recognized by populations of divergent HLA types from around the world. C1 [Kumar, Sanjai] US FDA, Malaria Res Program, Div Emerging & Transfus Transmitted Dis, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Berzofsky, Jay A.; Belyakov, Igor M.] NCI, Vaccine Branch, Ctr Canc Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [de la Vega, Patricia; Moch, J. Kathleen; Haynes, J. David] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [de la Vega, Patricia; Moch, J. Kathleen; Haynes, J. David] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Kumar, S (reprint author), US FDA, Malaria Res Program, Div Emerging & Transfus Transmitted Dis, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM Sanjai.kumar@fda.hhs.gov NR 63 TC 24 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 78 IS 11 BP 4613 EP 4624 DI 10.1128/IAI.00533-10 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 665RB UT WOS:000283052100018 PM 20823210 ER PT J AU Hamrick, TA Fricker, RD Brown, GG AF Hamrick, Thomas A. Fricker, Ronald D., Jr. Brown, Gerald G. TI Assessing What Distinguishes Highly Cited from Less-Cited Papers Published in Interfaces SO INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE citation; bibliometrics; impact; impact factor ID CITING BEHAVIOR; OLD PAPERS; CITATION; REASONS; CONTINUE; INDEX AB We evaluate what distinguishes a highly cited Interfaces paper from other Interfaces papers that are cited less often. Citations are used to acknowledge prior relevant research, to document sources of information, and to substantiate claims. As such, citations play a key role in the evolution of knowledge. More recently, citations are also being used to quantify the impact of papers and journals, a practice not without controversy, but one that motivates our work here. We find that Edelman competition papers, longer papers, tutorials, papers with larger numbers of references to prior literature, and papers with a larger number of "callouts" (a feature no longer used by Interfaces) tend to have a higher number of citations. C1 [Hamrick, Thomas A.; Fricker, Ronald D., Jr.; Brown, Gerald G.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Hamrick, TA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM tahamric@nps.edu; rdfricker@nps.edu; gbrown@nps.edu NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 16 PU INFORMS PI HANOVER PA 7240 PARKWAY DR, STE 310, HANOVER, MD 21076-1344 USA SN 0092-2102 J9 INTERFACES JI Interfaces PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 40 IS 6 BP 454 EP 464 DI 10.1287/inte.1100.0527 PG 11 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 690II UT WOS:000284996100007 ER PT J AU Earhart, K Carter, B AF Earhart, Ken Carter, Brian TI Addressing global health security in Eastern Mediterranean countries by increasing regional cooperation on zoonotic diseases SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Earhart, Ken] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Med Corps, Cairo, Egypt. [Carter, Brian] US Dept State, Middle E&N Africa Biosecur Engagement Program, Bur Int Secur & Nonproliferat, Off Cooperat Threat Reduct, Washington, DC 20520 USA. RP Earhart, K (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit 3, Med Corps, Cairo, Egypt. EM kenneth.earhart@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-8579 J9 INT J ANTIMICROB AG JI Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents PD NOV PY 2010 VL 36 SU 1 BP S3 EP S4 DI 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.06.011 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 665PC UT WOS:000283046900003 PM 20850278 ER PT J AU Zaki, AN AF Zaki, Adel N. TI Biosafety and biosecurity measures: management of biosafety level 3 facilities SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS LA English DT Article DE Biosafety; Biosecurity AB With the increasing biological threat from emerging infectious diseases and bioterrorism, it has become essential for governments around the globe to increase awareness and preparedness for identifying and containing those agents. This article introduces the basic concepts of laboratory management, laboratory biosafety and laboratory biosecurity. Assessment criteria for laboratories' biorisk should include both biosafety and biosecurity measures. The assessment requires setting specific goals and selecting management approaches. In order to implement technologies at the laboratory working level, a management team should be created whose role is to implement biorisk policies, rules and regulations appropriate for that facility. Rules and regulations required by government authorities are presented, with special emphasis on methods for air control, and liquid and solid waste management. Management and biorisk measures and appropriate physical facilities must keep pace, ensuring efficient facilities that protect workers, the environment, the product (research, diagnostic and/or vaccine) and the biological pathogen. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Society of Chemotherapy. C1 USN, Med Res Unit 3, FPO, AE 09835 USA. RP Zaki, AN (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit 3, PSC 452,Box 5000, FPO, AE 09835 USA. EM adel.zaki.ctr.eg@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 9 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-8579 J9 INT J ANTIMICROB AG JI Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents PD NOV PY 2010 VL 36 SU 1 BP S70 EP S74 DI 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.06.026 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 665PC UT WOS:000283046900018 PM 20801002 ER PT J AU Chu, PC Fan, CW AF Chu, Peter C. Fan, Chenwu TI Optimal Linear Fitting for Objective Determination of Ocean Mixed Layer Depth from Glider Profiles SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PACIFIC-OCEAN; BARRIER LAYER; MODEL; VARIABILITY AB A new optimal linear fitting method has been developed to determine mixed layer depth from profile data. This methodology includes three steps: 1) fitting the profile data from the first point near the surface to a depth using a linear polynomial, 2) computing the error ratio of absolute bias of few data points below that depth versus the root-mean-square error of data points from the surface to that depth between observed and fitted data, and 3) finding the depth (i.e., the mixed layer depth) with maximum error ratio. Temperature profiles in the western North Atlantic Ocean over 14 November-5 December 2007, collected from two gliders (Seagliders) deployed by the Naval Oceanographic Office, are used to demonstrate the capability of this method. The mean quality index (1.0 for perfect determination) for determining mixed layer depth is greater than 0.97, which is much higher than the critical value of 0.8 for well-defined mixed layer depth with that index. C1 [Chu, Peter C.; Fan, Chenwu] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Chu, PC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pcchu@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Oceanographic Office; Naval Postgraduate School FX The Office of Naval Research, the Naval Oceanographic Office, and the Naval Postgraduate School supported this study. The authors thank the Naval Oceanographic Office for providing hydrographic data from two gliders. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 27 IS 11 BP 1893 EP 1898 DI 10.1175/2010JTECHO804.1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 680PX UT WOS:000284248000008 ER PT J AU Antevil, JL Carroll, CG Roberts, PF Johnston, MG Strange, RG AF Antevil, Jared L. Carroll, Craig G. Roberts, Peter F. Johnston, Michael G. Strange, Robert G. TI Myasthenia Gravis-An Unexpected Cause of Respiratory Failure and Reversible Left Ventricular Dysfunction after Cardiac Surgery SO JOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material ID CRISIS; HEART AB P>We report a case of postpericardiotomy myasthenia gravis. A 68-year-old male patient without prior history of neuromuscular or autoimmune disorders presented with respiratory failure and severe left ventricular dysfunction four weeks after mitral valve replacement. Markedly elevated acetylcholine receptor antibodies were noted, and the patient responded promptly to immunologic therapy. Awareness of this rare but potentially fatal consequence of cardiac surgery may allow the early institution of specific treatment. (J Card Surg 2010;25:662-664). C1 [Antevil, Jared L.; Roberts, Peter F.; Strange, Robert G.] USN, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Carroll, Craig G.] USN, Dept Neurol, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Johnston, Michael G.] USN, Dept Gen Surg, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Antevil, JL (reprint author), USN, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Med Ctr Portsmouth, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM jared.antevil@med.navy.mil NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0886-0440 J9 J CARDIAC SURG JI J. Card. Surg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 25 IS 6 BP 662 EP 664 DI 10.1111/j.1540-8191.2010.01093.x PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Surgery GA 678YY UT WOS:000284121100010 PM 20796093 ER PT J AU Kelly, KA Small, RJ Samelson, RM Qiu, B Joyce, TM Kwon, YO Cronin, MF AF Kelly, Kathryn A. Small, R. Justin Samelson, R. M. Qiu, Bo Joyce, Terrence M. Kwon, Young-Oh Cronin, Meghan F. TI Western Boundary Currents and Frontal Air-Sea Interaction: Gulf Stream and Kuroshio Extension SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID SUBTROPICAL MODE WATER; OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE INTERACTION; NORTHERN RECIRCULATION GYRE; SURFACE TEMPERATURE; STORM-TRACKS; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; DECADAL VARIABILITY; HEAT-TRANSPORT; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; STRATIFORM CLOUDINESS AB In the Northern Hemisphere midlatitude western boundary current (WBC) systems there is a complex interaction between dynamics and thermodynamics and between atmosphere and ocean. Their potential contribution to the climate system motivated major parallel field programs in both the North Pacific [Kuroshio Extension System Study (KESS)] and the North Atlantic [ Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) Mode Water Dynamics Experiment (CLIMODE)], and preliminary observations and analyses from these programs highlight that complexity. The Gulf Stream (GS) in the North Atlantic and the Kuroshio Extension (KE) in the North Pacific have broad similarities, as subtropical gyre WBCs, but they also have significant differences, which affect the regional air-sea exchange processes and their larger-scale interactions. The 15-yr satellite altimeter data record, which provides a rich source of information, is combined here with the longer historical record from in situ data to describe and compare the current systems. While many important similarities have been noted on the dynamic and thermodynamic aspects of the time-varyingGS and KE, some not-so-subtle differences exist in current variability, mode water properties, and recirculation gyre structure. This paper provides a comprehensive comparison of these two current systems from both dynamical and thermodynamical perspectives with the goal of developing and evaluating hypotheses about the physics underlying the observed differences, and exploring the WBC's potential to influence midlatitude sea-air interaction. Differences between the GS and KE systems offer opportunities to compare the dominant processes and thereby to advance understanding of their role in the climate system. C1 [Kelly, Kathryn A.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Small, R. Justin] USN, Jacobs Technol, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Samelson, R. M.] Oregon State Univ, COAS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Qiu, Bo] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Joyce, Terrence M.; Kwon, Young-Oh] WHOI, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Cronin, Meghan F.] NOAA, PMEL, Seattle, WA USA. RP Kelly, KA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, POB 355640, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM kkelly@apl.washington.edu RI Kwon, Young-Oh/C-2190-2008; Qiu, Bo/D-9569-2017 OI Kwon, Young-Oh/0000-0002-1241-2817; FU NASA [1267196, NNX08AR30G, 1207881]; NSF [OCE-0424912, OCE-0424516, OCE-0220680, OCE-0424865]; WHOI Ocean Climate Change Institute FX KAK was supported by NASA Contracts 1267196 and NNX08AR30G and by NSF Grant OCE-0424912 (CLIMODE). RMS was supported by NSF Grant OCE-0424516. BQ was supported by NSF Grant OCE-0220680 and by NASA Contract 1207881. TJ was supported by NSF Grant OCE-0424865. Y-OK was supported by the Claudia Heyman Fellowship of the WHOI Ocean Climate Change Institute. NR 100 TC 80 Z9 83 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 23 IS 21 BP 5644 EP 5667 DI 10.1175/2010JCLI3346.1 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 683HG UT WOS:000284463700006 ER PT J AU Metzgar, D Baynes, D Myers, CA Kammerer, P Unabia, M Faix, DJ Blair, PJ AF Metzgar, David Baynes, Darcie Myers, Christopher A. Kammerer, Peter Unabia, Michelle Faix, Dennis J. Blair, Patrick J. TI Initial Identification and Characterization of an Emerging Zoonotic Influenza Virus Prior to Pandemic Spread SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; A H1N1 VIRUS; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; UNIVERSAL BIOSENSOR; VACCINE STRAINS; HUMANS; PCR; SURVEILLANCE; SENSITIVITY AB Two cases of febrile respiratory illness associated with untypeable influenza A virus were identified in Southern California in March 2009. One was initially detected as influenza virus using an experimental diagnostic device in a clinical trial, while the other was detected at a local reference lab using a diagnostic PCR assay. In both cases, analyses yielded negative results for strain-specific tests targeting circulating strains of influenza A virus (seasonal H1 and H3). These two samples became the first reported cases of the pandemic 2009/H1N1 influenza virus. The first reportable characterization was made from the second collected specimen on 15 April 2009 at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention central lab using traditional culture and sequencing methods. The novel nature of the strain and its apparent zoonotic origins were initially characterized using the first collected specimen at the Naval Health Research Center in San Diego, CA, on 13 April using an experimental molecular analysis tool, PCR electro-spray ionization-mass spectrometry (PCR/ESI-MS), designed to amplify PCR products from any strain of influenza virus and to generate informative (phylogenetic) strain identifications through mass spectrometry of PCR amplicons. The ability of this high-throughput tool to correctly identify both well-characterized and novel influenza strains offers the possibility to integrate surveillance for emerging strains with on-site rapid diagnosis used for patient management, shortening the times between the emergence of new strains, their detection and identification, and appropriate public health response activities. Here we describe the initial characterization of the pandemic 2009/H1N1 influenza strain and discuss the possible roles of diagnostic tools with discovery potential. C1 [Metzgar, David; Baynes, Darcie; Myers, Christopher A.; Kammerer, Peter; Unabia, Michelle; Faix, Dennis J.; Blair, Patrick J.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Resp Dis Res, San Diego, CA USA. RP Metzgar, D (reprint author), Ibis Biosci, 2251 Faraday Ave,Suite 150, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. EM dmetzgar@ibisbio.com RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU Department of Defense (DoD) Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (GEIS), a Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center [60501]; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) FX This work represents NHRC report number 10-22 supported by the Department of Defense (DoD) Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (GEIS), a Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, under research work unit no. 60501. The T5000 Universal Biosensor was developed and provided to NHRC with support from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). NR 18 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 48 IS 11 BP 4228 EP 4234 DI 10.1128/JCM.01336-10 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 672MK UT WOS:000283588500057 PM 20861338 ER PT J AU Radice, JJ Vinson, JR AF Radice, J. J. Vinson, J. R. TI On the Design of Three-layer Symmetric and Three-layer Asymmetric Adherends in Lap Shear Joints SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE joining of advanced composites; structural analysis optimization ID ADHESIVE-BONDED JOINTS AB Design studies are performed for composite material adherends in an axially loaded single lap shear joint with a three-layer adherend architecture. An optimal three-layer symmetric design and an improved three-layer asymmetric design are found. For the specific composite and adhesive material systems chosen, peel stresses are reduced by approximately 7% by using this improved three-layer asymmetric architecture. The maximum principal stress is reduced by approximately 4% for this optimized architecture. C1 [Radice, J. J.] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Vinson, J. R.] Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Spencer Lab, Newark, DE 19717 USA. RP Radice, JJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM radice@usna.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0021-9983 J9 J COMPOS MATER JI J. Compos Mater. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 44 IS 23 BP 2625 EP 2642 DI 10.1177/0021998310365174 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 670LO UT WOS:000283423400001 ER PT J AU Tadjer, MJ Anderson, TJ Hobart, KD Mastro, MA Hite, JK Caldwell, JD Picard, YN Kub, FJ Eddy, CR AF Tadjer, Marko J. Anderson, Travis J. Hobart, Karl D. Mastro, Michael A. Hite, Jennifer K. Caldwell, Joshua D. Picard, Yoosuf N. Kub, Fritz J. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. TI Electrical and Optical Characterization of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with In Situ and Ex Situ Deposited SiNx Layers SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Phase Stability, Phase Transformation and Reactive Phase Formation in Electronic Materials VII CY FEB 14-18, 2010 CL Seattle, WA DE AlGaN/GaN HEMT; power switching; in situ passivation; surface state density; photoluminescence; electroluminescence; Raman thermography ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE; MOBILITY TRANSISTORS; BOOST CONVERTER; LEAKAGE CURRENT; GAN-HEMT; HFETS; POWER; RAMAN; PASSIVATION AB A comparative study of AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) surface passivation using ex situ and in situ deposited SiNx is presented. Performing ex situ SiNx passivation increased the reverse gate leakage and off-state channel leakage by about three orders of magnitude. The in situ SiNx layer was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and capacitance-voltage (CV) measurements. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra indicated a reduction of nonradiative recombination centers in in situ SiNx-passivated samples, indicating improved crystal quality. CV measurements indicated a reduction of surface state density as well, and thus better overall passivation using in situ SiNx. Electroluminescence (EL) images of the channel regions in AlGaN/GaN HEMT devices operating in forward blocking mode with up to 400 V drain bias demonstrated reduced channel emission profiles of in situ-passivated devices. Compared with a nonpassivated reference sample, the reduced EL emission profiles correlated with a reduced channel temperature on ex situ SiNx-passivated devices. C1 [Tadjer, Marko J.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Anderson, Travis J.; Hobart, Karl D.; Mastro, Michael A.; Hite, Jennifer K.; Caldwell, Joshua D.; Picard, Yoosuf N.; Kub, Fritz J.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Tadjer, MJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM mtadjer@umd.edu RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015; OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826; Picard, Yoosuf/0000-0002-2853-5213 NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 39 IS 11 SI SI BP 2452 EP 2458 DI 10.1007/s11664-010-1343-9 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 665AV UT WOS:000283007300014 ER PT J AU Huntsberger, T Keegan, M Brizzolara, R AF Huntsberger, Terry Keegan, Michael Brizzolara, Robert TI Special Issue on State of the Art in Maritime Autonomous Surface and Underwater Vehicles, Part 1 SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Keegan, Michael] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1556-4959 J9 J FIELD ROBOT JI J. Field Robot. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 27 IS 6 SI SI BP 699 EP 701 DI 10.1002/rob.20375 PG 3 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA 670BJ UT WOS:000283394900001 ER PT J AU Benjamin, MR Schmidt, H Newman, PM Leonard, JJ AF Benjamin, Michael R. Schmidt, Henrik Newman, Paul M. Leonard, John J. TI Nested Autonomy for Unmanned Marine Vehicles with MOOS-IvP SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS LA English DT Article ID UNDERWATER VEHICLES; ARCHITECTURE AB This document describes the MOOS-IvP autonomy software for unmanned marine vehicles and its use in largescale ocean sensing systems. MOOS-IvP is composed of two open-source software projects funded by the Office of Naval Research. MOOS provides a core autonomy middleware capability, and the MOOS project additionally provides a set of ubiquitous infrastructure utilities. The IvP Helm is the primary component of an additional set of capabilities implemented to form a full marine autonomy suite known as MOOS-IvP. This software and architecture are platform and mission agnostic and allow for a scalable nesting of unmanned vehicle nodes to form large-scale, long-endurance ocean sensing systems composed of heterogeneous platform types with varying degrees of communications connectivity, bandwidth, and latency. Published 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Benjamin, Michael R.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Schmidt, Henrik] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Lab Autonomous Marine Sensing Syst, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Newman, Paul M.] Univ Oxford, Dept Engn Sci, Oxford OX1 3PJ, England. [Leonard, John J.] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Comp Sci & Artificial Intelligence Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Benjamin, MR (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM michael.r.benjamin@navy.mil; henrik@mit.edu; pnewman@robots.ox.ac.uk; jleonard@mit.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N-00014-97-1-0202]; ONR under GOATS [N-00014-08-1-0013]; ONR [N-00014-08-1-0011, 311]; Naval Undersea Warfare Center in Newport, Rhode Island FX The prototype of MOOS was developed by Paul Newman at MIT under the GOATS'2000 NURC Joint Research Program, with Office of Naval Research (ONR) support from Grant N-00014-97-1-0202 (Program Managers Tom Curtin, Jeff Simmen, Tom Swean, and Randy Jacobson). The development of the nested autonomy concept for environmental acoustic sensing and the MIT component of the GLINT'08 experiment was funded by the ONR under the GOATS program, Grant N-00014-08-1-0013 (Program Manager Ellen Livingston). The development of the unified communication, command, and control infrastructure and the execution of the SWAMSI09 experiment were supported by ONR, Grant N-00014-08-1-0011 (Program Manager Bob Headrick). The IvP-Helm autonomy software and the basic research involved in the interval programming model for multiobjective optimization were developed under support from ONR Code 311 (Program Managers Don Wagner and Behzad Kamgar-Parsi). Prior prototype development of IvP concepts benefited from the support of the In-house Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) program at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center in Newport, Rhode Island. The NATO Undersea Research Centre (NURC) has supported the development of the MOOS-IvP nested autonomy concept by conducting seven major field experiments, in which MIT LAMSS has been a partner, including GOATS'2000 and '2002, FAF'2003, FAF'2005, CCLNet'08, GLINT'08, and GLINT'09. Without the world-class seagoing experiment capabilities of NURC, with its state-of-the-art RVs, NRV Alliance and CRV Leonardo, and their outstanding crew, and NURC's excellent engineering and logistics support, the nested autonomy concept and the underlying MOOS-IvP software base would not have reached the level of sophistication and robustness that it has achieved. NR 22 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1556-4959 J9 J FIELD ROBOT JI J. Field Robot. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 27 IS 6 SI SI BP 834 EP 875 DI 10.1002/rob.20370 PG 42 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA 670BJ UT WOS:000283394900009 ER PT J AU Connatser, RM Prokes, SM Glembocki, OJ Schuler, RL Gardner, CW Lewis, SA Lewis, LA AF Connatser, R. Maggie Prokes, Sharka M. Glembocki, Orest J. Schuler, Rebecca L. Gardner, Charles W. Lewis, Samuel A., Sr. Lewis, Linda A. TI Toward Surface-Enhanced Raman Imaging of Latent Fingerprints SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; latent fingerprints; fingerprint degradation; surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy; enhancement factor; dispersible Raman substrates; dielectric core-metal shell nanowires; macro-Raman chemical imaging ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES; SPECTROSCOPY; SCATTERING; SERS; ACIDS AB Exposure to light or heat, or simply a dearth of fingerprint material, renders some latent fingerprints undetectable using conventional methods. We begin to address such elusive fingerprints using detection targeting photo- and thermally stable fingerprint constituents: surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). SERS can give descriptive vibrational spectra of amino acids, among other robust fingerprint constituents, and good sensitivity can be attained by improving metal-dielectric nanoparticle substrates. With SERS chemical imaging, vibrational bands' intensities recreate a visual of fingerprint topography. The impact of nanoparticle synthesis route, dispersal methodology-deposition solvent, and laser wavelength are discussed, as are data from enhanced vibrational spectra of fingerprint components. SERS and Raman chemical images of fingerprints and realistic contaminants are shown. To our knowledge, this represents the first SERS imaging of fingerprints. In conclusion, this work progresses toward the ultimate goal of vibrationally detecting latent prints that would otherwise remain undetected using traditional development methods. C1 [Connatser, R. Maggie; Lewis, Samuel A., Sr.; Lewis, Linda A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Prokes, Sharka M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Glembocki, Orest J.; Schuler, Rebecca L.; Gardner, Charles W.] ChemImage Corp, Pittsburgh, PA 15208 USA. RP Connatser, RM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, NTRC Bldg,2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM connatserrm@ornl.gov FU High Temperature Materials Laboratory at Oak Ridge National Lab; National Institute of Justice; Office of Naval Research; Technical Support Working Group FX We gratefully acknowledge microscopy support by Jane Y. Howe at the High Temperature Materials Laboratory at Oak Ridge National Lab.; Supported by grants from the National Institute of Justice, the Office of Naval Research, and the Technical Support Working Group. NR 35 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 9 U2 64 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 55 IS 6 BP 1462 EP 1470 DI 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01484.x PG 9 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 674HH UT WOS:000283727700008 PM 20629909 ER PT J AU Cowling, ID Yakimenko, OA Whidborne, JF Cooke, AK AF Cowling, Ian D. Yakimenko, Oleg A. Whidborne, James F. Cooke, Alastair K. TI Direct Method Based Control System for an Autonomous Quadrotor SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & ROBOTIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Inverse dynamics based control; Differential flatness; Virtual domain parameterization; Autonomous systems; Quadrotor ID DIRECT TRAJECTORY OPTIMIZATION; DIFFERENTIAL INCLUSION; INVERSE DYNAMICS; MINI ROTORCRAFT; COLLOCATION; TRACKING AB This paper proposes a real time control algorithm for autonomous operation of a quadrotor unmanned air vehicle. The quadrotor is a small agile vehicle, which as well as being a excellent test bed for advanced control techniques could also be suitable for internal surveillance, search and rescue and remote inspection. The proposed control scheme incorporates two key aspects of autonomy; trajectory planning and trajectory following. Using the differentially-flat dynamics property of the system, the trajectory optimization is posed as a non-linear constrained optimization within the output space in the virtual domain, not explicitly related to the time domain. A suitable parameterization using a virtual argument as opposed to time is applied, which ensures initial and terminal constraint satisfaction. The speed profile is optimized independently, followed by the mapping to the time domain achieved using a speed factor. Trajectory following is achieved with a standard multi-variable control technique and a digital switch is used to re-optimize the reference trajectory in the event of infeasibility or mission change. The paper includes simulations using a full dynamic model of the quadrotor demonstrating the suitability of the proposed control scheme. C1 [Yakimenko, Oleg A.] USN, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Whidborne, James F.; Cooke, Alastair K.] Cranfield Univ, Dept Aerosp Sci, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England. RP Yakimenko, OA (reprint author), USN, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ian@bbsr.co.uk; oayakime@nps.edu; j.f.whidborne@cranfield.ac.uk; a.cooke@cranfield.ac.uk RI Whidborne, James/N-1768-2014 OI Whidborne, James/0000-0002-6310-8946 NR 59 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-0296 EI 1573-0409 J9 J INTELL ROBOT SYST JI J. Intell. Robot. Syst. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 60 IS 2 BP 285 EP 316 DI 10.1007/s10846-010-9416-9 PG 32 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Computer Science; Robotics GA 655ST UT WOS:000282270500006 ER PT J AU Johnson, B Kidwell, ME Michael, TS AF Johnson, Brenda Kidwell, Mark E. Michael, T. S. TI INTRINSICALLY KNOTTED GRAPHS HAVE AT LEAST 21 EDGES SO JOURNAL OF KNOT THEORY AND ITS RAMIFICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Intrinsically knotted graphs; delta-wye operation ID SPATIAL GRAPHS; CONJECTURE; MINORS AB We prove that every intrinsically knotted graph has at least 21 edges. C1 [Johnson, Brenda] Union Coll, Dept Math, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. [Kidwell, Mark E.; Michael, T. S.] USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Johnson, B (reprint author), Union Coll, Dept Math, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. EM johnsonb@union.edu; mek@usna.edu; tsm@usna.edu NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-2165 J9 J KNOT THEOR RAMIF JI J. Knot Theory Ramifications PD NOV PY 2010 VL 19 IS 11 BP 1423 EP 1429 DI 10.1142/S0218216510008455 PG 7 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 695GZ UT WOS:000285359900002 ER PT J AU Lambrakos, SG AF Lambrakos, S. G. TI Spatial Modulation and Filtering of Diffusion Patterns for Inverse Analysis of Heat Deposition SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE joining; modeling processes; welding ID WELDS; CONDUCTION; MODEL AB General parameterizations are constructed for spatial modulation and filtering of heat diffusion patterns according to general energy deposition characteristics occurring within a volume of material resulting from a volumetrically coupled energy source. These parameterizations include previously constructed models of energy deposition as special cases. The construction of a general parameterization of energy deposition processes is necessary for their inverse analysis. The structure of such a parameterization follows from the concepts of model and data spaces that imply the existence of an optimal parametric representation for a given class of inverse problems. Accordingly, the optimal parametric representation is determined by the characteristics of the available data, which in principle can contain both experimental measurements and numerical simulation data. Parameterizations for spatial modulation and filtering of heat diffusion follow from the observation that many different types of energy deposition processes can be represented by weighted sums of basis functions whose general forms are that of spatially modulated or filtered diffusion. A significant aspect of the parameterizations presented is that the definition of the inverse heat deposition problem, which is adopted for their construction, provides a rigorous foundation for a highly flexible and general parameterization of energy deposition processes, which is essential for their inverse analysis. A preliminary proof is presented that shows the significance of these parameterizations for the application of similarity transformations to the inverse analysis of energy deposition processes. The applicability of similarity transforms to the inverse analysis of heat deposition is another property that follows from the specific definition of the inverse heat deposition problem considered here. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lambrakos, SG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lambrakos@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX One of the authors (SGL) acknowledges the support by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) internal core program. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1104 EP 1115 DI 10.1007/s11665-009-9592-6 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 668XH UT WOS:000283307900003 ER PT J AU Barbara, KA Farzeli, A Ibrahim, IN Antonjaya, U Yunianto, A Winoto, I Ester Perwitasari, D Widjaya, S Richards, AL Williams, M Blair, PJ AF Barbara, Kathryn A. Farzeli, Arik Ibrahim, Ima N. Antonjaya, Ungke Yunianto, Andre Winoto, Imelda Ester Perwitasari, Dian Widjaya, Susana Richards, Allen L. Williams, Maya Blair, Patrick J. TI Rickettsial Infections of Fleas Collected From Small Mammals on Four Islands in Indonesia SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Xenopsylla cheopis; rickettsia; small mammals; Indonesia ID FEVER GROUP RICKETTSIAE; MURINE TYPHUS; XENOPSYLLA-CHEOPIS; TRANSMISSION; FELIS AB Ectoparasites were sampled from small mammals collected in West Java, West Sumatra, North Sulawesi, and East Kalimantan, Indonesia, in 2007-2008 and were screened for evidence of infection from bacteria in the Rickettsaceae family. During eight trap nights at eight sites, 208 fleas were collected from 96 of 507 small mammals trapped from four orders (379 Rodentia; 123 Soricomorpha; two Carnivora; three Scandentia). Two species of fleas were collected: Xenopsylla cheopis (n = 204) and Nosopsyllus spp. (n = 4). Among the 208 fleas collected, 171 X. cheopis were removed from rats (Rattus spp.) and 33 X, cheopis from shrews (Suncus murinus). X. cheopis were pooled and tested for DNA from rickettsial agents Rickettsia typhi, Rickettsia felis, and spotted fever group rickettsiae. R. typhi, the agent of murine typhus, was detected in X. cheopis collected from small mammals in West Java and East Kalimantan. R. felis was detected in X. cheopis collected from small mammals in Manado, North Sulawesi. R. felis and spotted fever group rickettsiae were detected in a pool of X. cheopis collected from an animal in East Kalimantan. Sixteen percent of the X. cheopis pools were found positive for Rickettsia spp.; four (10.8%) R. typhi, one (2.7%) R. fells, and one (2.7%) codetection of R. felis aid a spotted fever group rickettsia. These data suggest that rickettsial infections remain a threat to human health across Indonesia. C1 [Barbara, Kathryn A.; Farzeli, Arik; Antonjaya, Ungke; Winoto, Imelda; Ester; Widjaya, Susana; Williams, Maya; Blair, Patrick J.] USN, Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Richards, Allen L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Barbara, Kathryn A.] Navy Environm Prevent, Med Unit 2, Norfolk, VA 23511 USA. RP Barbara, KA (reprint author), Navy Environm Prevent, Med Unit 2, 1887 Powhatan St, Norfolk, VA 23511 USA. EM kbarbara@bvwireless.net RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU United States Department of Defense Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center FX We thank H. Yudhi Prayudha Isak Djuarsa (West Java Province), Hj. Rosmini Savitrim (West Sumatera Province), H. Andi Madjid Nurdin (East Kalimantan Province), and Engelberth Emil Pijoh (North Sulawesi Province) for their strong support of this project. This work was supported by the United States Department of Defense Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center. The opinions or assertions expressed herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as representing those of the Department of Defense or the Department of the Navy. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 47 IS 6 BP 1173 EP 1178 DI 10.1603/ME10064 PG 6 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 684RR UT WOS:000284567500028 PM 21175069 ER PT J AU Hoel, DF Kline, DL Hogsette, JA Bernier, UR El-Hossary, SS Hanafi, HA Watany, N Fawaz, EY Furman, BD Obenauer, PJ Szumlas, DE AF Hoel, D. F. Kline, D. L. Hogsette, J. A. Bernier, U. R. El-Hossary, S. S. Hanafi, H. A. Watany, N. Fawaz, E. Y. Furman, B. D. Obenauer, P. J. Szumlas, D. E. TI Efficacy of Commercial Mosquito Traps in Capturing Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Egypt SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE baited trap; carbon dioxide; BG-Sentinel trap; Mosquito Magnet Pro trap; Phlebotomus papatasi ID L-LACTIC ACID; US MILITARY OPERATIONS; TALLIL-AIR BASE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SOUTHERN EGYPT; AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; 1-OCTEN-3-OL; SANDFLIES; ATTRACTANTS; NORTH AB Four types of commercial mosquito control traps, the Mosquito Magnet Pro (MMP), the Sentinel 360 (S360), the BC-Sentinel (BGS), and the Mega-Catch Ultra (MCU), were compared with a standard Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light trap for efficacy in collecting phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a small farming village in the Nile River Valley 10 km north of Aswan, Egypt. Each trap was baited with either carbon dioxide (CO(2)) from combustion of butane gas (MMP), dry ice (CDC and BGS traps), light (MCU and S360), or dry ice and light (CDC). Traps were rotted through five sites in a 5 X 5 Latin square design, repeated four times during the height of the sand fly season (June, August, and September 2007) at a site where 94% of sand flies in past collections were Phlebotomus papatasi (Scopoli). A total of 6,440 sand flies was collected, of which 6,037 (93.7%) were P. papatasi. Of the CO(2)-baited traps, the BGS trap collected twice as many P. papatasi as the MMP and CDC light traps, and at least three times more P. papatasi than the light-only MCU and S360 traps (1 < 0.05). Mean numbers (+/-SE) of P. papatasi captured per trap night were as follows: BGS 142.1 (+/-45.8) > MMP 56.8 (+/-9.0) > CDC 52.3 (+/-6.1) > MCU 38.2 (+/-6.4) > S360 12.5 (+/-1.8). Results indicate that several types of commercial traps are suitable substitutes for the CDC light trap in sand fly surveillance programs. C1 [Hoel, D. F.] ARS, Med Entomol Collaborat, Navy Marine Corps Publ Hlth Ctr Detachment, USDA,Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [El-Hossary, S. S.; Hanafi, H. A.; Watany, N.; Fawaz, E. Y.; Furman, B. D.; Obenauer, P. J.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Szumlas, D. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Hoel, DF (reprint author), ARS, Med Entomol Collaborat, Navy Marine Corps Publ Hlth Ctr Detachment, USDA,Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM David.Hoel@ars.usda.gov FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program; Military Infectious Diseases Research Program FX We thank Maria Badra of the United States Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3 for her assistance with logistics for all personnel and materials pertaining to this study, and to El-Shaimaa Nour El-Din and Rania Kaldas for their help in processing and identifying sand fly specimens. This work was conducted concurrently with other Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program- and Military Infectious Diseases Research Program-supported projects and, as such, was made possible from these funding sources. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 47 IS 6 BP 1179 EP 1184 DI 10.1603/ME10144 PG 6 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 684RR UT WOS:000284567500029 PM 21175070 ER PT J AU Politzer, P Murray, JS Bulat, FA AF Politzer, Peter Murray, Jane S. Bulat, Felipe A. TI Average local ionization energy: A review SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MODELING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Modeling Interaction in Biomolecules IV CY SEP 14-19, 2009 CL Hruba Skala, CZECH REPUBLIC DE Atomic shell structure; Average local ionization energy; Carbon nanotubes; Electronegativity; Local polarizability and hardness; Molecular reactivity ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; SURFACE-ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIALS; ATOMIC SHELL STRUCTURE; SHAM ORBITAL ENERGIES; STATIC DIPOLE POLARIZABILITY; KOHN-SHAM; HARTREE-FOCK; MOLECULAR-SURFACES; FUKUI FUNCTION; ELECTRIC POLARIZABILITIES AB The average local ionization energy (I) over bar (r) is the energy necessary to remove an electron from the point r in the space of a system. Its lowest values reveal the locations of the least tightly-held electrons, and thus the favored sites for reaction with electrophiles or radicals. In this paper, we review the definition of (I) over bar (r) and some of its key properties. Apart from its relevance to reactive behavior, (I) over bar (r) has an important role in several fundamental areas, including atomic shell structure, electronegativity and local polarizability and hardness. All of these aspects of (I) over bar (r) are discussed. C1 [Politzer, Peter; Murray, Jane S.] CleveTheoComp, Cleveland, OH 44113 USA. [Bulat, Felipe A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Politzer, P (reprint author), CleveTheoComp, 1951 W 26th St,Suite 409, Cleveland, OH 44113 USA. EM ppolitze@uno.edu NR 148 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 2 U2 42 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1610-2940 EI 0948-5023 J9 J MOL MODEL JI J. Mol. Model. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 16 IS 11 BP 1731 EP 1742 DI 10.1007/s00894-010-0709-5 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry; Computer Science GA 658UR UT WOS:000282515400008 PM 20411398 ER PT J AU Hwang, PA AF Hwang, Paul A. TI Comments on "Relating the Drag Coefficient and the Roughness Length over the Sea to the Wavelength of the Peak Waves" SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Editorial Material ID WIND STRESS C1 USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hwang, PA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM paul.hwang@nrl.navy.mil NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 40 IS 11 BP 2556 EP 2562 DI 10.1175/2010JPO4409.1 PG 7 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 690AR UT WOS:000284972900014 ER PT J AU Knoepp, LR Shippey, SH Grace, CC Cundiff, GW Derogatis, LR Handa, VL AF Knoepp, Leise R. Shippey, Stuart H. Grace, Chi Chiung Cundiff, Geoffrey W. Derogatis, Leonard R. Handa, Victoria L. TI Sexual Complaints, Pelvic Floor Symptoms, and Sexual Distress in Women over Forty SO JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Sexual Distress; FSDS; SPEQ; PISQ ID DYSFUNCTION; INCONTINENCE; PREVALENCE; SAMPLE; SCALE AB Introduction. The American Psychiatric Association recommends considering sexually related personal distress when assessing female sexual dysfunction. Currently, there is little data regarding the impact of sexual complaints on sexual distress. Aim. To investigate the association between sexual complaints and perceived sexual distress in a population of ambulatory adult women. Methods. Using the short forms of the Personal Experiences Questionnaire and Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Function Questionnaire, we assessed sexual complaints among 305 women seeking outpatient gynecologic care. Depressive symptoms were quantified using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CESD) score. Sexual distress was measured using the Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS). Using multivariable logistic regression, we compared sexual complaints between distressed and nondistressed women. Main Outcome Measures. Sexual distress, defined by FSDS score >= 15. Results. FSDS scores were available for 292/305 participants. Seventy-six (26%) scores reflected distress. Distressed women were more likely to be younger (55.2 +/- 1.0 years vs. 56.7 +/- 0.8 years, P = 0.017); have higher CESD scores (16.6 vs. 9.5, P = 0.001); and report decreased arousal (56.8% vs. 25.1%, P = 0.001), infrequent orgasm (54% vs. 28.8%, P = 0.001), and dyspareunia (39.7% vs. 10.6%, P = 0.001). Women with sexual distress were also more likely to report sexual difficulty related to pelvic floor symptoms, including urinary incontinence with sexual activity (9% vs. 1.3%, P = 0.005), sexual avoidance due to vaginal prolapse (13.9% vs. 1%, P = 0.001), or sexual activity restriction due to fear of urinary incontinence (14.9% vs. 0.5%, P = 0.001). After multivariate analysis, sexual distress was significantly associated with dyspareunia (odds ratio [OR] 3.11, P = 0.008) and depression score (OR 1.05, P = 0.006), and inversely associated with feelings of arousal during sex (OR 0.19, P = 0.001). Conclusion. Our results indicate that sexually related personal distress is significantly associated with dyspareunia, depressive symptoms, and decreased arousal during sexual activity. This contributes to our understanding of how sexual complaints may adversely affect women's quality of life. Knoepp LR, Shippey SH, Chen CCG, Cundiff GW, Derogatis LR, and Handa VL. Sexual complaints, pelvic floor symptoms, and sexual distress in women over forty. J Sex Med 2010;7:3675-3682. C1 [Knoepp, Leise R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Johns Hopkins Bayview Med Ctr, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Shippey, Stuart H.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Cundiff, Geoffrey W.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Derogatis, Leonard R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Knoepp, LR (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Johns Hopkins Bayview Med Ctr, Sch Med, 4940 Eastern Ave,Room A-121, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. EM lknoepp@gmail.com FU NICHD NIH HHS [K23 HD045806] NR 20 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1743-6095 J9 J SEX MED JI J. Sex. Med. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 7 IS 11 BP 3675 EP 3682 DI 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01955.x PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 672PG UT WOS:000283598000016 PM 20704643 ER PT J AU Piquette, JC AF Piquette, Jean C. TI Approximate transducer transient suppression with increased output amplitude SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB A technique for the rapid, smooth turn-on of a transducer is described. The method is based on a previously described technique [J. C. Piquette, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 92, 1203-1213 (1992)]. In the previous method, transducer output amplitude is severely reduced compared to that obtained when driving the transducer using a standard gated sine due to the presence of a ramp component in the transient-suppressing voltage waveform. In the present work, approximate methods that eliminate the ramp component are described. Eliminating the ramp component results in significantly greater output amplitude, although the level of transient suppression that is achieved is not as good as that seen when using the exact transient-suppressing drive. Nonetheless, the smoothness (i.e., lack of spikes) in the transducer response is not compromised by the approximations. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3490855] C1 USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Piquette, JC (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM jean.piquette@navy.mil FU PMS450 FX Funding for the present work provided by PMS450, Program Executive Officer (Submarines), is gratefully acknowledged. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 128 IS 5 BP 2543 EP 2548 DI 10.1121/1.3490855 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 685GT UT WOS:000284617900026 PM 21110552 ER PT J AU Nho, SJ Strauss, EJ Lenart, BA Provencher, MT Mazzocca, AD Verma, NN Romeo, AA AF Nho, Shane J. Strauss, Eric J. Lenart, Brett A. Provencher, Matthew T. Mazzocca, Augustus D. Verma, Nikhil N. Romeo, Anthony A. TI Long Head of the Biceps Tendinopathy: Diagnosis and Management SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS LA English DT Review ID BIOABSORBABLE INTERFERENCE SCREW; SUPERIOR LABRUM ANTERIOR; ROTATOR CUFF REPAIR; 4-YEAR FOLLOW-UP; BIOMECHANICAL EVALUATION; ARTHROSCOPIC FINDINGS; TENODESIS TECHNIQUES; FIXATION TECHNIQUES; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MR ARTHROGRAPHY AB Tendinopathy of the long head of the biceps brachii encompasses a spectrum of pathology ranging from inflammatory tendinitis to degenerative tendinosis. Disorders of the long head of the biceps often occur in conjunction with other shoulder pathology. A thorough patient history, physical examination, and radiographic evaluation are necessary for diagnosis. Nonsurgical management, including rest, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, and injections, is attempted first in patients with mild disease. Surgical management is indicated for refractory or severe disease. In addition to simple biceps tenotomy, a variety of tenodesis techniques has been described. Open biceps tenodesis has been used historically. However, promising results have recently been reported with arthroscopic tenodesis. C1 [Nho, Shane J.; Strauss, Eric J.; Lenart, Brett A.; Verma, Nikhil N.; Romeo, Anthony A.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Sect Shoulder & Elbow Surg,Div Sports Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Provencher, Matthew T.] USN, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Mazzocca, Augustus D.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, New England Musculoskeletal Inst, Farmington, CT USA. RP Nho, SJ (reprint author), Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Sect Shoulder & Elbow Surg,Div Sports Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. OI Romeo, Anthony/0000-0003-4848-3411 FU Arthrex; DJ Orthopaedics; Linvatec; Smith Nephew; Athletico; MioMed; Ossur FX Dr. Nho or an immediate family member has received research or institutional support from Arthrex, DJ Orthopaedics, Linvatec, Smith & Nephew, Athletico, and MioMed. Dr. Provencher or an immediate family member serves as a board member, owner, officer, or committee member of the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy Association of North America, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, and Society of Military Orthopaedic Surgeons. Dr. Mazzocca or an immediate family member is a member of a speakers' bureau or has made paid presentations on behalf of, serves as a paid consultant to or is an employee of, and has received research or institutional support from Arthrex. Dr. Verma or an immediate family member is a member of a speakers' bureau or has made paid presentations on behalf of Smith & Nephew and Arthrosurface; serves as a paid consultant to or is an employee of Smith & Nephew; has received research or institutional support from Smith & Nephew, DJ Orthopaedics, Arthrex, and Ossur; and has stock or stock options held in Omeros. Dr. Romeo or an immediate family member has received royalties from Arthrex; is a member of a speakers' bureau or has made paid presentations on behalf of Arthrex and DJ Orthopaedics; serves as a paid consultant to or is an employee of Arthrex; has received research or institutional support from Arthrex, Ossur, and Smith & Nephew; has received nonincome support (such as equipment or services), commercially derived honoraria, or other non-research-related funding (such as paid travel) from Arthrex and DJ Orthopaedics; and serves as a board member, owner, officer, or committee member of the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons, and Arthroscopy Association of North America. Neither of the following authors nor any immediate family member has received anything of value from or owns stock in a commercial company or institution related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article: Dr. Strauss and Dr. Lenart. NR 63 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ACAD ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS PI ROSEMENT PA 6300 N RIVER ROAD, ROSEMENT, IL 60018-4262 USA SN 1067-151X J9 J AM ACAD ORTHOP SUR JI J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 18 IS 11 BP 645 EP 656 PG 12 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 672UI UT WOS:000283612000002 PM 21041799 ER PT J AU Hodyss, D Hendricks, E AF Hodyss, Daniel Hendricks, Eric TI The Resonant Excitation of Baroclinic Waves by the Divergent Circulation of Recurving Tropical Cyclones SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION; DOWNSTREAM IMPACTS; ENERGY DISPERSION; BETA-PLANE; FLOW; MODEL; MOTION; STABILITY; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB This paper explores the hypothesis that a tropical cyclone (TC) may produce baroclinic waves through the divergent circulation that arises from its low level inflow and upper level outflow The model setting is a quasigeostrophic (QG) two layer fluid in which the effect of the tropical cyclone is parameterized through a source term on the QG potential vorticity equation Equations predicting the spectral subset of baroclinic waves that are excited through linear resonance are derived The near TC pattern of the barochnic waves in the streamfunction field typically takes the form of a ridge trough couplet whose phase with respect to the TC varies with the speed and direction of the TCs motion sector The predictions from the linearized theory are verified in two ways 1) fully nonlinear simulations are shown and 2) comparison is made to the observed upper level ridge trough couplets produced by recurving TCs in the Navy s Operational Global Prediction System (NOGAPS) The implications of this work for the predictability of downstream Impacts from recurving TCs are briefly described C1 [Hodyss, Daniel; Hendricks, Eric] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Hodyss, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. FU NRL [BE-4287-0-0-5]; National Research Council FX DH thanks Dr S Jones for a useful and encouraging conversation on this subject The authors thank Dr Michael Riemer for his careful reading and insightful comments on this manuscript DH gratefully acknowledges support from the NRL Base Program through BE-4287-0-0-5 This research was performed while EH held a National Research Council Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory in Monterey, CA NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 67 IS 11 BP 3600 EP 3616 DI 10.1175/2010JAS3459.1 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 686ZI UT WOS:000284740600010 ER PT J AU Bellitto, VJ Melnik, MI Sorensen, DN Chang, JC AF Bellitto, Victor J. Melnik, Mikhail I. Sorensen, Daniel N. Chang, Joseph C. TI Predicting the shock sensitivity of cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 37th Annual Conference of the North-American-Thermal-Analysis-Society CY SEP 20-23, 2009 CL Lubbock, TX SP N Amer Thermal Anal Soc DE RDX; HMX; Statistical; DSC; AFM; Surface ID RDX AB We studied the surface and thermal properties of seven different varieties of cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine (RDX) crystalline explosives from five manufacturers using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The specific varieties of the RDX studied were acquired from the previous Reduced Sensitivity RDX Round Robin program. They were chosen because intensive characterization of the materials already existed including shock sensitivity and cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine (HMX) impurity levels. AFM scans revealed a diversity of surface defects. To quantify the surface defects on the crystalline surface of the RDX particles, surface roughness measurements were acquired. Statistical analysis was undertaken to correlate the observed surface, HMX impurity levels, and DSC thermal curve properties with the known shock sensitivities of the material. It was determined that a statistically significant relationship exists between surface roughness and the shock sensitivity of the material while no relationship was observed between the DSC thermal properties and either surface roughness or shock sensitivity. The HMX content greatly affected the thermal properties of RDX but was uncorrelated with the shock sensitivity. C1 [Bellitto, Victor J.; Sorensen, Daniel N.; Chang, Joseph C.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. [Melnik, Mikhail I.] Niagara Univ, Dept Commerce, Niagara, NY 14109 USA. RP Bellitto, VJ (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, 4104 Evans Way,Suite 102, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. EM victor.bellitto@navy.mil NR 13 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-6150 J9 J THERM ANAL CALORIM JI J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 102 IS 2 BP 557 EP 562 DI 10.1007/s10973-010-0978-3 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 666DB UT WOS:000283090400021 ER PT J AU Armstrong, AW Ulukan, S Weiner, M Mostafa, M Shaheen, H Nakhla, I Tribble, DR Riddle, MS AF Armstrong, Adam W. Ulukan, Sefa Weiner, Matthew Mostafa, Manal Shaheen, Hind Nakhla, Isabelle Tribble, David R. Riddle, Mark S. TI A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Rifaximin for the Prevention of Travelers' Diarrhea in US Military Personnel Deployed to Incirlik Air Base, Incirlik, Turkey SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMPACT AB Background. Infectious diarrhea is an important problem among travelers and deployed US military overseas causing substantial morbidity due to acute illness and may result in burdensome postinfectious sequelae. Methods. The nonsystemic antibiotic rifaximin was evaluated for prevention of travelers' diarrhea (TD) in a US military and civilian adult beneficiary population in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. In all, 100 volunteers deployed to Incirlik Air Base, Turkey, received rifaximin 1,100 mg once daily or placebo for 2 weeks, and participants were followed daily for 2 weeks. Results. In an intention to treat analysis (n = 95), TD (based on subjects meeting case definition or early treatment) developed in 6.3% (3 of 48) of the rifaximin group compared with 19.2% (9 of 47) in the placebo group (Fisher's exact test p = 0.07). Rifaximin provided 67% (95% confidence interval, -13% to 91%, p = 0.07) protection against TD. Rifaximn 1,100 mg once daily was well tolerated with no observed differences in adverse events, whether solicited or unsolicited among the two treatment groups. Conclusions. Rifaximin may represent an option among military personnel on deployment for prevention of TD with supportive future studies that consider deployment length, settings, and operational situations where widespread use of chemoprophylaxis may increase force health protection without undue risk during critical deployments. C1 [Riddle, Mark S.] USN, Enter Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20817 USA. [Armstrong, Adam W.; Weiner, Matthew; Mostafa, Manal; Shaheen, Hind; Nakhla, Isabelle] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Ulukan, Sefa] Incirlik Air Base, Incirlik, Turkey. [Tribble, David R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Riddle, MS (reprint author), USN, Enter Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20817 USA. EM mark.riddle@med.navy.mil RI Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011; Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU Salix Pharmaceuticals; Department of Defense (Fort Detrick, MD, USA) [6000.RAD1.D.E0301] FX This study was supported by Salix Pharmaceuticals under a cooperative research and development agreement, and the Department of Defense Military Infectious Disease Research Program (Fort Detrick, MD, USA) under work unit no. 6000.RAD1.D.E0301. NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 17 IS 6 BP 392 EP 394 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2010.00462.x PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 677IN UT WOS:000283982900006 PM 21050319 ER PT J AU Ovtchinnikov, SG Cooke, SJ Shtokhamer, R Vlasov, AN Mkrtchyan, MM Kostas, C Petillo, JJ Levush, B AF Ovtchinnikov, Serguei G. Cooke, Simon J. Shtokhamer, Roman Vlasov, Alexander N. Mkrtchyan, Masis M. Kostas, Christopher Petillo, John J. Levush, Baruch TI High accuracy electron beam model development in MICHELLE: eBEAM SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID GUN AB The authors present a new software tool (eBEAM) for high accuracy simulations of electron beams with stochastic space charge effects as a module of the SAIC/NRL MICHELLE particle simulation code. In modeling low current electron beam systems such as in electron beam lithography and electron microscopy, it is necessary to simulate ensembles of individual electrons to account correctly for the statistical effects of interparticle interactions. This article demonstrates the use of CPU/GPU hybrid techniques that run on multiple platforms to accomplish the simulation task within the MICHELLE/eBEAM framework. (C) 2010 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3503899] C1 [Ovtchinnikov, Serguei G.; Shtokhamer, Roman; Mkrtchyan, Masis M.; Kostas, Christopher; Petillo, John J.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. [Cooke, Simon J.; Vlasov, Alexander N.; Levush, Baruch] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ovtchinnikov, SG (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, 700 Technol Pk Dr,Suite 201, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. EM ovtchinnikov@saic.com RI Cooke, Simon/A-9530-2010 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD NOV PY 2010 VL 28 IS 6 BP C6J8 EP C6J12 DI 10.1116/1.3503899 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 690OX UT WOS:000285015200052 ER PT J AU Meegan, J Field, C Sidor, I Romano, T Casinghino, S Smith, CR Kashinsky, L Fair, PA Bossart, G Wells, R Dunn, JL AF Meegan, Jenny Field, Cara Sidor, Inga Romano, Tracy Casinghino, Sandra Smith, Cynthia R. Kashinsky, Lizabeth Fair, Patricia A. Bossart, Gregory Wells, Randall Dunn, J. Lawrence TI Development, validation, and utilization of a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies against Brucella species in marine mammals SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Brucella; competitive enzyme-linked; immunosorbent; assay; marine; mammals; validation ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; SEALS PHOCA-HISPIDA; BOVINE BRUCELLOSIS; RINGED SEALS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; DNA POLYMORPHISM; SP INFECTION; STRAINS AB A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) was developed by using a whole-cell antigen from a marine Brucella sp isolated from a harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) The assay was designed to screen sera from multiple marine mammal species for the presence of antibodies against marine-origin Brucella Based on comparisons with culture confirmed cases specificity and sensitivity for cetacean samples tested were 73% and 100%, respectively For pinniped samples, specificity and sensitivity values were 77% and 67%, respectively Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus schauinslandi, n = 28) and bottlenose dolphin (Turstops truncatus, n = 48) serum samples were tested, and the results were compared with several other assays designed to detect Brucella abortus antibodies The comparison testing revealed the marine-origin cELISA to be more sensitive than the B abortus tests by the detection of additional positive serum samples The newly developed cELISA is an effective serologic method for detection of the presence of antibodies against marine-origin Brucella sp in marine mammals C1 [Meegan, Jenny; Field, Cara; Sidor, Inga; Romano, Tracy; Casinghino, Sandra; Dunn, J. Lawrence] Mystic Aquarium & Inst Explorat, Mystic, CT USA. [Kashinsky, Lizabeth] Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Smith, Cynthia R.] USN, Marine Mammal Program, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Fair, Patricia A.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomo, Charleston, SC USA. [Wells, Randall] Mote Marine Lab, Chicago Zool Soc, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. [Bossart, Gregory] Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst Inc, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. RP Meegan, J (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Aquat Anim Hlth Dept, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA) [NA04OAR4600209, NA03NMF4390408]; Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution's; Wild Dolphins license tag; NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service; Dolphin Quest; Disney's Animal Programs FX The Brucella Project is funded by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA) Oceans and Human Health Initiative Grant NA04OAR4600209 and has received previous support from the NOAA Fisheries Prescott Grant Award NA03NMF4390408 The wild Hawaiian monk seal blood samples were collected under Scientific Research and Enhancement Permit to Take Marine Mammals 848-1335 The wild bottlenose dolphin blood samples were collected under the National Marine Fisheries Service Scientific Research permit 522 1569 and 522-1785 issued to Dr Randall Wells of the Sarasota Dolphin Research Program (SDRP) in Sarasota Bay, Florida and 998 1678 issued to Dr Greg Bossart as part of the Bottlenose Dolphin Health and Risk Assessment Project conducted in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, and the estuarine waters of Charleston South Carolina Funding was partially provided by the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution's Project Wild Dolphins license tag, NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, Dolphin Quest, and Disney's Animal Programs Brian Balmer's expertise in preparing and processing samples for the SDRP is much appreciated The authors also thank John McGiven of the Veterinary Laboratory Agency (Surrey UK) for supplying the terrestrial Brucella and Yersinia serum samples This work constitutes scientific contribution 181 from the Sea Research Foundation NR 39 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 12 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 22 IS 6 BP 856 EP 862 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 685ZL UT WOS:000284666500003 PM 21088168 ER PT J AU Gaffney, PG AF Gaffney, Paul G., II TI Happy Days SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Gaffney, Paul G., II] Monmouth Univ, Chair ORRAP, Long Branch, NJ 07764 USA. [Gaffney, Paul G., II] USN, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Gaffney, PG (reprint author), Monmouth Univ, Chair ORRAP, Long Branch, NJ 07764 USA. EM president@monmouth.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI COLUMBIA PA 5565 STERRETT PLACE, STE 108, COLUMBIA, MD 21044 USA SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 44 IS 6 BP 10 EP 12 PG 3 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 712FG UT WOS:000286649500003 ER PT J AU Xue, L Mock, W Belytschko, T AF Xue, Liang Mock, Willis, Jr. Belytschko, Ted TI Penetration of DH-36 steel plates with and without polyurea coating SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Structural impact; Ductile fracture; Ballistic penetration; Damage plasticity model; Composite plates ID BALLISTIC RESISTANCE; FRACTURE INITIATION; DUCTILE FRACTURE; STRAIN RATES; PROJECTILES; PERFORATION; BEHAVIOR; TARGETS; IMPACT AB Numerical and experimental studies on the impact and penetration of armor plates subjected to sub-ordnance range impact velocities by pointed and flat strikers is presented. Three target scenarios are considered: (1) a blank (unbacked) steel plate; (2) the same steel plate backed by a thick layer of polyurea; and (3) two identical steel plates of half the original thickness placed on both sides of the polyurea layer. For the blank plate, two fracture mechanisms of the steel plate - shear plugging and petalling of the plates - are observed in the simulation. For the same plate with a thick polyurea coating at the back side, it is found that the polyurea coating provides additional resistance in terms of energy absorption through two mechanisms: (1) the increase in the energy dissipated by the steel plate and (2) increased energy stored in the polyurea itself. For the sandwich configuration of the target plate, where the polyurea layer is placed between two steel plates, no advantage in terms of penetration resistance is found. These numerical results agree with experimental observations on the failure modes and exit velocities. (c) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Xue, Liang; Belytschko, Ted] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Mock, Willis, Jr.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP Belytschko, T (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM tedbelytschko@northwestern.edu RI Belytschko, Ted/B-6710-2009; Xue, Liang/A-1266-2007 OI Xue, Liang/0000-0003-0468-0624 FU Ships and Engineering Systems Div. of the Office of Naval Research [N00014-06-1-0505] FX This work is supported by the Ships and Engineering Systems Div. of the Office of Naval Research (Grant N00014-06-1-0505) to Northwestern University through Dr. Roshdy Barsoum. NR 34 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 42 IS 11 BP 981 EP 1003 DI 10.1016/j.mechmat.2010.08.004 PG 23 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 685XA UT WOS:000284660200003 ER PT J AU Stroup, SP Garvin, AN Irby, J Stroup, KK L'Esperance, JO Auge, BK AF Stroup, Sean P. Garvin, Angelina N. Irby, John Stroup, Kelly K. L'Esperance, James O. Auge, Brian K. TI Practice Patterns of Primary Care Providers and Urologists for Use of Medical Expulsion Therapy SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DISTAL URETER STONES; TAMSULOSIN; NIFEDIPINE; MANAGEMENT; FACILITATE; EFFICACY; PASSAGE; TRIAL AB Purpose: alpha-blockers and calcium channel blockers have shown promise for medical expulsion therapy (MET) of distal ureteral calculi <1 cm in size. Although MET has been discussed in urology for some time, little has been written about MET in the emergency medicine and primary care literature. We sought to evaluate current practice patterns of MET among urologists, emergency medicine physicians, other primary care providers, and frontline military care providers. Methods: Web-based, self-developed survey to assess the current practice patterns of providers for the initial management of uncomplicated ureteral calculi, and specifically, their frequency of using MET. Cross-tabulation strategies utilizing compiled survey results were used to assess survey outcomes and determine prevalence values for understanding, familiarity, and therapeutic interventions for nephrolithiasis. Results: Of 293 medical professionals, 114 (39%) were urologists, 55 (48%) of which were fellowship trained in endourology. Fifty-six (19%) were emergency medicine physicians, 22(8%) were family practitioners, and 19(7%) were internists and other primary care physicians. Other physician subspecialists and medical paraprofessionals comprised the remaining 34%. Overall 27% of respondents were unfamiliar with MET for expulsion of uncomplicated ureteral stones, including 13% of staff physicians, 21% of emergency medicine doctors, 56% of family practitioners, 40% of internists, and 43% of other primary care providers. The overall prevalence of use of MET was 45%. All urologists were familiar with MET, but 31% rarely, never, or only sometimes used this therapy. Specifically, urologists, emergency physicians, family practitioners, internists, and other providers, usually or always used MET 69%, 55%, 16%, 16%, and 27%, of the time, respectively. In academic institutions, 71.6% use MET usually or almost always compared to 36% in military healthcare settings and 47% in other practice settings. Tamsulosin is the most widely used medication for MET, accounting for 57% of MET use. Factors identified that inhibit more widespread use of MET include, physician unfamiliarity with MET (72%), the belief that MET is not effective (10%), patient unwillingness to undergo MET (5%), and medications not covered by insurance plans (4%). Conclusion: While MET has been established as a reasonable adjunct for management of uncomplicated ureteral stones, it may be underutilized due to physician unfamiliarity with this type of treatment and perceived ineffectiveness. This therapy may be of particular benefit to forward deployed forces. Education programs and practice-specific guidelines to target this audience may help to improve the dispersion of MET into the medical community. C1 [Stroup, Sean P.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Urol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Stroup, Sean P.; Garvin, Angelina N.; Irby, John; Stroup, Kelly K.; L'Esperance, James O.; Auge, Brian K.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [L'Esperance, James O.; Auge, Brian K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Stroup, SP (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Div Urol, 200 W Arbor Dr 8897, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. FU Office of Naval Research, Alexandria, Virginia FX Funding was provided through a grant from the Office of Naval Research, Alexandria, Virginia. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 175 IS 11 BP 883 EP 889 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 679TK UT WOS:000284183500013 PM 21121500 ER PT J AU Simecek, JW Diefenderfer, KE AF Simecek, John W. Diefenderfer, Kim E. TI An Evaluation of U.S. Navy Dental Corps Classification Guidelines SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERSONNEL; EMERGENCIES AB Objectives: The aims of this research were to evaluate the effectiveness of two different sets of dental classification guidelines to differentiate dental emergency (DE) rates between deployable and nondeployable personnel. Methods: A retrospective study of the dental records of two cohorts of Marine Corps recruits examined and treated using different classification guidelines was completed. Results: Both classification systems showed significant differences between DE rates of nondeployable and deployable personnel. No statistical difference was observed when comparing the adjusted HRs of the two cohorts. Conclusions: Results of this study suggest that both guidelines are able to distinguish between deployable and nondeployable personnel and give reasonable assurance that class 1 and 2 patients will not experience a DE for a 6-month period. Incorporating factors such as caries risk, number of missing and filled teeth, and number of third molars may improve the ability of the dental classification systems in predicting DE. C1 [Simecek, John W.] USN, Med Res Unit San Antonio, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA. [Diefenderfer, Kim E.] USN, Hlth Clin, Fisher Healthcare Clin, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. RP Simecek, JW (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit San Antonio, 8315 Navy Rd, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA. FU Bureau of Medicine and Surgery [N3239806RCG4001] FX Funding was provided by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery award no. N3239806RCG4001. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 175 IS 11 BP 895 EP 900 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 679TK UT WOS:000284183500015 PM 21121502 ER PT J AU Gelaro, R Langland, RH Pellerin, S Todling, R AF Gelaro, Ronald Langland, Rolf H. Pellerin, Simon Todling, Ricardo TI The THORPEX Observation Impact Intercomparison Experiment SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID VARIATIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; OBSERVING SYSTEM EXPERIMENTS; ADJOINT; SENSITIVITY; FORECAST; ATLANTIC AB An experiment is being conducted to directly compare the impact of all assimilated observations on short-range forecast errors in different forecast systems using an adjoint-based technique The technique allows detailed comparison of observation impacts in terms of data type, location, satellite sounding channel, or other relevant attributes This paper describes results for a "baseline" set of observations assimilated by three forecast systems for the month of January 2007 Despite differences in the assimilation algorithms and forecast models, the impacts of the major observation types are similar in each forecast system in a global sense However, regional details and other aspects of the results can differ substantially Large forecast error reductions are provided by satellite radiances geostationary satellite winds, radiosondes, and commercial aircraft Other observation types provide smaller impacts individually, but their combined impact is significant Only a small majority of the total number of observations assimilated actually improves the forecast, and most of the improvement comes from a large number of observations that have relatively small individual Impacts Accounting for this behavior may be especially important when considering strategies for deploying adaptive (or "targeted") components of the observing system C1 [Gelaro, Ronald; Todling, Ricardo] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Langland, Rolf H.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Pellerin, Simon] Environm Canada, Dorval, PQ, Canada. RP Gelaro, R (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. FU NASA [MAP/04-0000-0080]; Naval Research Laboratory and the Office of Naval Research [BE-43 5-037] FX The design of the baseline experiment benefitted from discussions with Pierre Gauthier of Universite du Quebec, Montreal, Carla Cardinali of ECMWF, Stephane Laroche of Environment Canada, and Florence Rabier of Meteo-France The authors thank Yannick Tremolet of ECMWF for his work in developing the adjoint of the GSI analysis scheme used in GEOS-5, and Judy St-James and Monique Tanguay of Environment Canada for their help in developing the GDPS and conducting experiments We thank Ron Errico of GMAO for many hours of insightful discussions about the work We thank Carla Cardinali and two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions that improved the paper significantly This work was supported by the NASA Modeling, Analysis and Prediction program (MAP/04-0000-0080) and by the Naval Research Laboratory and the Office of Naval Research, under Program Element 0602435N, Project Number BE-43 5-037 NR 24 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 138 IS 11 BP 4009 EP 4025 DI 10.1175/2010MWR3393.1 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 690WG UT WOS:000285039700001 ER PT J AU Zeng, B Mu, G Luo, HQ Xiang, T Mazin, II Yang, H Shan, L Ren, C Dai, PC Wen, HH AF Zeng, B. Mu, G. Luo, H. Q. Xiang, T. Mazin, I. I. Yang, H. Shan, L. Ren, C. Dai, P. C. Wen, H. -H. TI Anisotropic structure of the order parameter in FeSe0.45Te0.55 revealed by angle-resolved specific heat SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS; VORTEX STATE AB The central issues for understanding iron (Fe)-based superconductors are the symmetry and structure of the superconducting gap. So far the experimental data and theoretical models have been highly controversial. Some experiments favor two or more constant or nearly constant gaps, others indicate strong anisotropy and yet others suggest gap zeros ('nodes'). A unique method for addressing this issue, and one of very few methods that are bulk and angle resolved, is measuring the electronic-specific heat in a rotating magnetic field. In this study, we present the first such measurement for an Fe-based high-T-c superconductor. We observed a fourfold oscillation of the specific heat as a function of the in-plane magnetic field direction. Our results are consistent with the expectations for an extended s-wave model, with a significant gap anisotropy on the electron pockets and the gap minima along the Gamma M (Fe-Fe bond) direction. C1 [Zeng, B.; Mu, G.; Luo, H. Q.; Xiang, T.; Yang, H.; Shan, L.; Ren, C.; Dai, P. C.; Wen, H. -H.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Natl Lab Superconduct, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Zeng, B.; Mu, G.; Luo, H. Q.; Xiang, T.; Yang, H.; Shan, L.; Ren, C.; Dai, P. C.; Wen, H. -H.] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Mazin, I. I.] USN, Code 6391, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Yang, H.; Wen, H. -H.] Nanjing Univ, Natl Lab Solid State Microstruct, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. [Yang, H.; Wen, H. -H.] Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. [Dai, P. C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Dai, P. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wen, HH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Natl Lab Superconduct, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. EM hhwen@aphy.iphy.ac.cn RI Mu, Gang/G-9407-2011; Dai, Pengcheng /C-9171-2012; Luo, Huiqian/F-4049-2012; Zeng, Bin/O-3370-2013 OI Mu, Gang/0000-0001-5676-4702; Dai, Pengcheng /0000-0002-6088-3170; Zeng, Bin/0000-0002-0090-4371 FU Natural Science Foundation of China; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2011CB605900, 2006CB921802]; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Office of the Naval Research; US DOE, BES, through DOE [DE-FG02-05ER46202]; Division of Scientific User Facilities FX We thank A. Chubukov, P. Hirschfeld, K. Kuroki, D. H. Lee, Y. Matsuda, T. Shibauchi, I. Vekhter and F. Wang for valuable discussions. This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China, the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (973 Projects No. 2011CB605900, No. 2006CB921802), and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Project ITSNEM). I. I. M. was supported by the Office of the Naval Research. P. C. D. was supported by the US DOE, BES, through DOE DE-FG02-05ER46202 and Division of Scientific User Facilities. NR 47 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 38 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 1 AR 112 DI 10.1038/ncomms1115 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 732YE UT WOS:000288224800010 ER PT J AU Bewley, W Canedy, C Kim, CS Kim, M Lindle, JR Abell, J Vurgaftman, I Meyer, J AF Bewley, William Canedy, Chadwick Kim, Chul Soo Kim, Mijin Lindle, J. Ryan Abell, Joshua Vurgaftman, Igor Meyer, Jerry TI Ridge-width dependence of midinfrared interband cascade laser characteristics SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE midinfrared semiconductor lasers; interband cascade laser; laser mode control; ridge waveguide ID QUANTUM-WELL LASERS; HIGH-POWER; NARROW-RIDGE AB We report an experimental study of how the light-current characteristics and lateral mode properties of interband cascade lasers depend on ridge width. Narrower ridges provide greater heat dissipation due to lateral flow, along with operation in a single lateral mode. However, sidewall imperfections increase the cw threshold current density somewhat, from J(th) = 582 A/cm(2) at 300 K for an 11-mu m-wide ridge to 713 A/cm(2) and 1.07 kA/cm(2) for 5- and 3-mu m-wide ridges, respectively. The narrowest ridges similarly display a degradation of the slope efficiency. A 13-mu m-wide ridge produced 45 mW per facet of cw output power and maximum wall-plug efficiency of 3.5% per facet at T = 20 degrees C. A 5-mu m-wide ridge with 3-mm cavity length and no facet coatings operated cw at lambda = 3.5-mu m to a new record temperature of 345 K for the 3 to 4-mu m spectral range. (C) 2010 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3498772] C1 [Bewley, William; Canedy, Chadwick; Kim, Chul Soo; Kim, Mijin; Lindle, J. Ryan; Abell, Joshua; Vurgaftman, Igor; Meyer, Jerry] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bewley, W (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5613,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM igor.vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil NR 19 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 49 IS 11 AR 111116 DI 10.1117/1.3498772 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 690IJ UT WOS:000284996200019 ER PT J AU Botez, D Shin, JC Kumar, S Mawst, LJ Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR AF Botez, Dan Shin, Jae Cheol Kumar, Sushil Mawst, Luke J. Vurgaftman, Igor Meyer, Jerry R. TI Electron leakage and its suppression via deep-well structures in 4.5-to 5.0-mu m-emitting quantum cascade lasers SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE quantum cascade lasers; mid infrared; threshold-current characteristic temperature; slope-efficiency characteristic temperature; electron leakage current; hot electrons ID CONTINUOUS-WAVE OPERATION; MU-M; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; PERFORMANCE; LIGHT AB The equations for threshold-current density J(th) and external differential quantum efficiency eta(d) of quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are modified to include electron leakage and the electron-backfilling term corrected to take into account hot electrons in the injector. We show that by introducing both deep quantum wells and tall barriers in the active regions of 4.8-mu m-emitting QCLs, and by tapering the conduction-band edge of both injector and extractor regions, one can significantly reduce electron leakage. The characteristic temperatures for J(th) and eta(d), denoted by T(0) and T(1), respectively, are found to reach values as high as 278 and 285 K over the 20 to 90 degrees C temperature range, which means that J(th) and eta(d) display approximate to 2.3 slower variation than conventional 4.5- to 5.0-mu m-emitting, high-performance QCLs over the same temperature range. A model for the thermal excitation of hot injected electrons from the upper laser level to the upper active-region energy states, wherefrom some relax to the lower active-region states and some are scattered to the upper miniband, is used to estimate the leakage current. Estimated T(0) values are in good agreement with experiment for both conventional QCLs and deep-well QCLs. The T(1) values are justified by increases in both electron leakage and waveguide loss with temperature. (C) 2010 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3509368] C1 [Botez, Dan; Shin, Jae Cheol; Mawst, Luke J.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kumar, Sushil] Lehigh Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Vurgaftman, Igor] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Botez, D (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM botez@engr.wisc.edu FU National Science Foundation [ECCS-0925104] FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant ECCS-0925104. The authors are grateful to Jerome Faist for valuable technical discussions. NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 49 IS 11 AR 111108 DI 10.1117/1.3509368 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 690IJ UT WOS:000284996200011 ER PT J AU Meyer, J Vurgaftman, I AF Meyer, Jerry Vurgaftman, Igor TI Quantum and Interband Cascade Lasers SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Meyer, Jerry; Vurgaftman, Igor] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Meyer, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jerry.meyer@nrl.navy.mil; igor.vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 49 IS 11 AR 111101 DI 10.1117/1.3512992 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA 690IJ UT WOS:000284996200004 ER PT J AU Nichols, JM Waterman, JR Menon, R Devitt, J AF Nichols, Jonathan M. Waterman, James R. Menon, Raghu Devitt, John TI Modeling and analysis of a high-performance midwave infrared panoramic periscope SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE midwave infrared sensor; panoramic imager; periscope; high resolution AB A high-resolution midwave infrared panoramic periscope sensor system has been developed. The sensor includes an f/2.5 catadioptric optical system that provides a field of view with 360-deg horizontal azimuth and -10- to +30-deg elevation without requiring moving components (e. g., rotating mirrors). The focal plane is a 2048x2048, 15-mu m-pitch InSb detector operating at 80 K. An onboard thermoelectric reference source allows for real-time nonuniformity correction using the two-point correction method. The entire system (detector-Dewar assembly, cooler, electronics, and optics) is packaged to fit in an 8-in.-high, 6.5-in.-diameter volume. This work describes both the system optics and the electronics and presents sample imagery. We model both the sensor's radiometric performance, quantified by the noise-equivalent temperature difference, and its resolution performance. Model predictions are then compared with estimates obtained from experimental data. The ability of the system to resolve targets as a function of imaged spatial frequency is also presented. (C) 2010 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3505866] C1 [Nichols, Jonathan M.; Waterman, James R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Menon, Raghu] RemoteReality Inc, Westborough, MA 01581 USA. [Devitt, John] L3 Cincinnati Elect, Mason, OH USA. RP Nichols, JM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Office of Naval Research for this work under the Future Naval Capabilities, Situational Panoramic Infrared System program. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 49 IS 11 AR 113202 DI 10.1117/1.3505866 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 690IJ UT WOS:000284996200031 ER PT J AU Schechter, RS Chun, ST AF Schechter, Richard S. Chun, Sung-Taek TI High-resolution 3-D imaging of objects through walls SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE through-the-wall imaging; radar; finite-difference time domain AB This paper describes the use of microwaves to accurately image objects behind dielectric walls. The data are first simulated by using a finite-difference time-domain code. A large model of a room with walls and objects inside is used as a test case. Since the model and associated volume are big compared to wavelengths, the code is run on a parallel supercomputer. A fixed 2-D receiver array captures all the return data simultaneously. A time-domain backprojection algorithm with a correction for the time delay and refraction caused by the front wall then reconstructs high-fidelity 3-D images. A rigorous refraction correction using Snell's law and a simpler but faster linear correction are compared in both 2-D and 3-D. It is shown that imaging in 3-D and viewing an image in the plane parallel to the receiver array is necessary to identify objects by shape. It is also shown that a simple linear correction for the wall is sufficient. (C) 2010 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3509364] C1 [Schechter, Richard S.; Chun, Sung-Taek] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Schechter, RS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Richard.Schechter@nrl.navy.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 49 IS 11 AR 113204 DI 10.1117/1.3509364 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 690IJ UT WOS:000284996200033 ER PT J AU Aaron, MT Applegate, RA Porter, J Thibos, LN Schallhorn, SC Brunstetter, TJ Tanzer, DJ AF Aaron, Michelle T. Applegate, Raymond A. Porter, Jason Thibos, Larry N. Schallhorn, Steve C. Brunstetter, Tyson J. Tanzer, David J. TI Why Preoperative Acuity Predicts Postoperative Acuity in Wavefront-Guided LASIK SO OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE LASIK; preoperative acuity; regression to the mean ID VISUAL-ACUITY; REGRESSION AB Purpose. To critically evaluate the following clinical wisdom regarding custom (wavefront-guided) laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) that subjects with better-than-average best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before surgery have a greater risk of losing BCVA postoperatively than do subjects with worse-than-average BCVA before surgery. Methods. High contrast BCVA was measured once before and 3 months after custom LASIK in one eye of 79 subjects. Preoperative spherical equivalent refractive error ranged between -1.00 and -10.38 D. The sample was divided into one of two subsamples: eyes that had better-than-average preoperative BCVA (<-0.11 logMAR) and eyes that had average or worse-than-average preoperative BCVA (>=-0.11 logMAR). Controls were implemented for retinal magnification and for the statistical phenomenon of regression to the mean of the preoperative acuity measurement. Results. On average, for the entire sample, moving the correction from the spectacle plane to the corneal plane increased letter acuity 4.7% (1 letter, 0.02 logMAR). For each subsample, the percentage regression to the mean was 57.24%. After correcting for magnification effects and regression to the mean, eyes with better-than-average preoperative acuity had a small but significant gain in acuity (similar to 1 letter, p = 0.040) that was nearly identical to the gain for eyes with worse-than-average preoperative acuity (similar to 1.5 letters, p = 0.002). Conclusions. Custom LASIK produced a statistically significant gain in visual acuity after correction for magnification effects. Dividing the sample into two subsamples based on preoperative acuity confirmed the common clinical observation that eyes with better-than-average acuity tend to remain the same or lose acuity, whereas eyes with worse-than-average acuity tend to gain acuity. However, when only one acuity measurement is taken at a single time point and the sample is subsampled nonrandomly, this clinical observation is due to a statistical artifact (regression to the mean) and is not attributable to the surgery. (Optom Vis Sci 2010;87:861-866) C1 [Aaron, Michelle T.] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, San Antonio, TX USA. [Applegate, Raymond A.; Porter, Jason] Univ Houston, Coll Optometry, Visual Opt Inst, Houston, TX 77004 USA. [Thibos, Larry N.] Indiana Univ, Sch Optometry, Bloomington, IN USA. [Schallhorn, Steve C.] Opt Express, San Diego, CA USA. [Brunstetter, Tyson J.; Tanzer, David J.] USN, Navy Refract Surg Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Aaron, MT (reprint author), USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, 2507 Kennedy Circle, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA. EM michkoe7@yahoo.com FU National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD [R01 EY08520, R01 EY019105]; University of Houston, College of Optometry Core [P30 EY07551]; Borish Endowment FX We thank the members of the Navy and Marine Corps and their families who volunteered to participate in our research. We also thank Dr. Harold Bedell for statistical advice and reading/commenting on the manuscript, and Dr. Ying Sheng Hu for confirming the regression to the mean calculations. This work was supported by the United States Air Force, Air Force Institute of Technology Scholarship (to MTA). This work was also supported by grants from the National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (R01 EY08520 and R01 EY019105; to RAA), University of Houston, College of Optometry Core grant P30 EY07551, and the Borish Endowment funding for the Chair of Optometry (to RAA). NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-5488 J9 OPTOMETRY VISION SCI JI Optom. Vis. Sci. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 87 IS 11 BP 861 EP 866 DI 10.1097/OPX.0b013e3181f6fb49 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 674KQ UT WOS:000283741800009 PM 20871471 ER PT J AU Masterson, DM AF Masterson, Daniel M. TI A Tragedy of Democracy in North America SO PACIFIC HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 [Masterson, Daniel M.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Masterson, DM (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI BERKELEY PA C/O JOURNALS & DIGITAL PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2000 CENTER ST, STE 303, BERKELEY, CA 94704-1223 USA SN 0030-8684 J9 PAC HIST REV JI Pac. Hist. Rev. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 79 IS 4 BP 666 EP U287 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 671GF UT WOS:000283487800023 ER PT J AU Vardanyan, M Melemedjian, OK Price, TJ Ossipov, MH Lai, J Roberts, E Boos, TL Deschamps, JR Jacobson, AE Rice, KC Porreca, F AF Vardanyan, Marina Melemedjian, Ohannes K. Price, Theodore J. Ossipov, Michael H. Lai, Josephine Roberts, Ed Boos, Terrence L. Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Jacobson, Arthur E. Rice, Kenner C. Porreca, Frank TI Reversal of pancreatitis-induced pain by an orally available, small molecule interleukin-6 receptor antagonist SO PAIN LA English DT Article DE Pancreatitis; Pain; Mechanisms; Interleukin-6 ID PERIPHERAL-NERVE INJURY; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; CAPSAICIN RECEPTOR; NEUROPATHIC PAIN; DOUBLE-BLIND; CHAN SU; IL-6; RATS; NEURONS; CANCER AB Pancreatic pain resulting from chronic inflammation of the pancreas is often intractable and clinically difficult to manage with available analgesics reflecting the need for more effective therapies. The mechanisms underlying pancreatitis pain are not well understood. Here, the possibility that interleukin-6 (IL-6) may promote pancreatitis pain was investigated with TB-2-081 (3-O-formyl-20R,21-epoxyresibufogenin, EBRF), a small molecule IL-6 receptor antagonist that was semi-synthetically derived from natural sources. The potential activity and mechanism of TB-2-081 were investigated following the induction of persistent pancreatitis using dibutyltin dichloride (DBTC) in rats. TB-2-081 displaces the binding of IL-6 to the human recombinant soluble IL-6 receptor with apparent high affinity and inhibits IL-6 mediated cell growth. Systemic or oral, but not intrathecal, administration of TB-2-081 reversed DBTC-induced abdominal hypersensitivity in a dose-and time-dependent manner. IL-6 levels were significantly up-regulated in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of rats with pancreatitis on day 6 after DBTC injection. IL-6-enhanced capsaicin-evoked release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from cultured DRG neurons was blocked by TB-2-081. Our data demonstrate that TB-2-081 acts as a systemically available and orally active small molecule IL-6 receptor antagonist. TB-2-081 effectively reduces pancreatitis-induced pain through peripheral mechanisms that are likely due to (a) increased expression of IL-6 in the DRG and (b) IL-6-mediated sensitization of nociceptive neurons. The activity of TB-2-081 implicates an important role for IL-6 in sustaining pancreatitis pain. Strategies targeting IL-6 actions through small molecule antagonists may offer novel approaches to improve the therapy of chronic pancreatitis and other chronic pain states. (C) 2010 International Association for the Study of Pain. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Vardanyan, Marina; Melemedjian, Ohannes K.; Price, Theodore J.; Ossipov, Michael H.; Lai, Josephine; Porreca, Frank] Univ Arizona, Dept Pharmacol, Coll Med, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. [Roberts, Ed] Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Boos, Terrence L.; Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] NIAAA, Drug Design & Synth Sect, Chem Biol Res Branch, NIDA,NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Struct Matter Lab, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Porreca, F (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Pharmacol, Coll Med, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. EM frankp@email.arizona.edu RI Price, Theodore/A-5094-2010; OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010; Price, Theodore/0000-0002-6971-6221 FU National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) [Y1-DA6002]; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; NIH [NS065926, DA023513] FX The research of the Drug Design and Synthesis Section, CBRB, NIDA & NIAAA, was supported by the NIH Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. We thank NIDA for support of the X-ray crystallographic studies (NIDA Contract Y1-DA6002). This work was also funded by NIH Grants NS065926 and DA023513. NR 44 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3959 J9 PAIN JI Pain PD NOV PY 2010 VL 151 IS 2 BP 257 EP 265 DI 10.1016/j.pain.2010.05.022 PG 9 WC Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Anesthesiology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 662QJ UT WOS:000282826100009 PM 20599324 ER PT J AU Adkins, RM Somes, G Morrison, JC Hill, JB Watson, EM Magann, EF Krushkal, J AF Adkins, Ronald M. Somes, Grant Morrison, John C. Hill, James B. Watson, Erin M. Magann, Everett F. Krushkal, Julia TI Association of Birth Weight With Polymorphisms in the IGF2, H19, and IGF2R Genes SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FOR-GESTATIONAL-AGE; BECKWITH-WIEDEMANN-SYNDROME; BODY-MASS INDEX; FETAL-GROWTH; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT; RECEPTOR GENE; REGION; VARIANTS; SIZE; METHYLATION AB There is a substantial genetic component for birth weight variation. We tested 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IGF2, H19, and IGF2R genes for associations with birth weight variation in 342 mother-newborn pairs (birth weight 2.1-4.7 kg at term) and 527 parent-newborn trios (birth weight 2.1-5.1 kg) across three localities. SNPs in the IGF2R (rs8191754; maternal genotype), IGF2 (rs3741205; newborn genotype), and 5' region of the H19 (rs2067051, rs2251375, and rs4929984) genes were associated with birth weight. Detailed analyses to distinguish direct maternal, direct newborn, and parent of origin effects for the most strongly associated H19 SNP (rs4929984) determined that the association of maternal genotype with newborn birth weight was due to parent of origin effects not direct maternal effects. That SNP is located near the CTCF binding sites that influence expression of the maternally imprinted IGF2 and paternally imprinted H19 locus, and there are statistically significant and independent opposite effects of the same rs4929984 allele, depending on the parent from which it was inherited. (Pediatr Res 68: 429-434, 2010) C1 [Adkins, Ronald M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Pediat, Hlth Sci Ctr, Memphis, TN 38103 USA. [Somes, Grant; Krushkal, Julia] Univ Tennessee, Dept Prevent Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, Memphis, TN 38103 USA. [Morrison, John C.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Hill, James B.; Watson, Erin M.; Magann, Everett F.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Adkins, RM (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Pediat, Hlth Sci Ctr, 308 W Patient Tower,50 N Dunlap, Memphis, TN 38103 USA. EM radkins1@uthsc.edu FU US National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [HD055462]; Children's Foundation Research Center of Memphis; University of Tennessee Health Science Center's Clinical Translational Science Institute; Accredo Foundation; Urban Child Institute, Memphis, TN; US National Center for Research Resources [M01-RR00211] FX Supported by the Grant HD055462 from the US National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the Children's Foundation Research Center of Memphis, University of Tennessee Health Science Center's Clinical Translational Science Institute, and Accredo Foundation [to R.M.A.]; by the grants from the Urban Child Institute, Memphis, TN [to G.S.]; and by the Grant M01-RR00211 from the US National Center for Research Resources. NR 41 TC 40 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 W CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 68 IS 5 BP 429 EP 434 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 670GR UT WOS:000283409700012 PM 20639793 ER PT J AU Hafez, MM AF Hafez, Mohammed M. TI Walking Away from Terrorism: Accounts of Disengagement from Radical and Extremist Movements SO PERSPECTIVES ON POLITICS LA English DT Book Review C1 [Hafez, Mohammed M.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Hafez, MM (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1537-5927 J9 PERSPECT POLIT JI Perspect. Polit. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 8 IS 4 BP 1271 EP 1272 DI 10.1017/S1537592710002902 PG 3 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA 684TZ UT WOS:000284574500100 ER PT J AU Mazin, II Devereaux, TP Analytis, JG Chu, JH Fisher, IR Muschler, B Hackl, R AF Mazin, I. I. Devereaux, T. P. Analytis, J. G. Chu, Jiun-Haw Fisher, I. R. Muschler, B. Hackl, R. TI Pinpointing gap minima in Ba(Fe0.94Co0.06)(2)As-2 via band-structure calculations and electronic Raman scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTORS AB A detailed knowledge of the gap structure for the Fe-pnictide superconductors is still rather rudimentary with several conflicting reports of either nodes, deep gap minima, or fully isotropic gaps on the Fermi-surface sheets, both in the k(x)-k(y) plane and along the c axis. In this Rapid Communication, we present considerations for electronic Raman scattering which can help clarify the gap structure and topology using different light-scattering geometries. Using density-functional calculations for the Raman vertices, it is shown that the location of the gap minima may occur on loops stretching over a portion of the c axis in Ba(Fe0.94Co0.06)(2)As-2. C1 [Mazin, I. I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Devereaux, T. P.; Analytis, J. G.; Chu, Jiun-Haw; Fisher, I. R.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Devereaux, T. P.; Analytis, J. G.; Chu, Jiun-Haw; Fisher, I. R.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Muschler, B.; Hackl, R.] Bayer Akad Wissenschaft, Walther Meissner Inst, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Mazin, II (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6393, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research; DFG via Research Unit [HA 2071/3, HA 2071/7, FOR538, SPP1458]; BaCaTeC; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-76SF00515] FX I.I.M. acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research. R.H acknowledges support by the DFG under Grants No. HA 2071/3 and No. HA 2071/7 via Research Unit FOR538 and priority Program SPP1458, respectively. R.H. and T.P.D. acknowledge support from BaCaTeC. The work at SLAC and Stanford University is supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. NR 16 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 1 PY 2010 VL 82 IS 18 AR 180502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.180502 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 673GL UT WOS:000283647300002 ER PT J AU Colombant, DG Manheimer, WM AF Colombant, Denis G. Manheimer, Wallace M. TI Internal tests and improvements of the Krook model for nonlocal electron energy transport in laser produced plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID STEEP TEMPERATURE-GRADIENTS; HEAT-TRANSPORT; CONDUCTION; RADIATION AB Electron thermal transport in a laser produced plasma cannot be described with a local approximation in many regions of a laser produced plasma because the electron mean free path is longer than the temperature gradient scale length Since a Krook model for the electron Vlasov equation is analytically solvable in the nonlocal limit, one can find simple expressions for the electron thermal flux in the nonlocal limit, and these can be economically incorporated into fluid simulations The Krook model provides reasonable descriptions of both preheat and flux limitation We have analyzed the Krook model in a series of publications Here we streamline the presentation of the model, show qualitatively just what the model predicts in certain situations, give internal tests to check the validity of the model, and provide more accurate analytic approximations to the integral formulas which the model gives rise to (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics [doi:10.1063/1.3505304] C1 [Colombant, Denis G.; Manheimer, Wallace M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Colombant, DG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Code 6730, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU ONR; DOE FX This work was supported by ONR and DOE NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2010 VL 17 IS 11 AR 112706 DI 10.1063/1.3505304 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 697BB UT WOS:000285486500067 ER PT J AU Walker, DN Fernsler, RF Blackwell, DD Amatucci, WE AF Walker, D. N. Fernsler, R. F. Blackwell, D. D. Amatucci, W. E. TI Using rf impedance probe measurements to determine plasma potential and the electron energy distribution SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB Earlier work has demonstrated the usefulness of a network analyzer in plasma diagnostics using spherical probes in the thin sheath limit The rf signal applied to the probe by the network analyzer is small in magnitude compared to probe bias voltages, and the instrument returns both real and imaginary parts of the complex plasma impedance as a function of frequency for given bias voltages This information can be used to determine sheath resistance, sheath density profiles, and a technique for measuring electron temperature The present work outlines a method for finding plasma potential and the electron energy distribution within a limited energy range The results are compared to those using conventional Langmuir probe techniques The rf method has general application to diverse areas of plasma investigations when the plasma is uniform and probe dimensions are much less than the size of the plasma These applications include laboratory and space environments (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics [doi 10 1063/1 3501308] C1 [Walker, D. N.] Global Strategies Grp Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. [Fernsler, R. F.; Blackwell, D. D.; Amatucci, W. E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Walker, DN (reprint author), Global Strategies Grp Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD NOV PY 2010 VL 17 IS 11 AR 113503 DI 10.1063/1.3501308 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 697BB UT WOS:000285486500096 ER PT J AU Bishop-Lilly, KA Turell, MJ Willner, KM Butani, A Nolan, NME Lentz, SM Akmal, A Mateczun, A Brahmbhatt, TN Sozhamannan, S Whitehouse, CA Read, TD AF Bishop-Lilly, Kimberly A. Turell, Michael J. Willner, Kristin M. Butani, Amy Nolan, Nichole M. E. Lentz, Shannon M. Akmal, Arya Mateczun, Al Brahmbhatt, Trupti N. Sozhamannan, Shanmuga Whitehouse, Chris A. Read, Timothy D. TI Arbovirus Detection in Insect Vectors by Rapid, High-Throughput Pyrosequencing SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-INFECTION; DENGUE-2 VIRUS; AEDES-AEGYPTI; GENOME; DIVERSITY; BACTERIUM; MICROBES; SEQUENCE; GENES AB Background: Despite the global threat caused by arthropod-borne viruses, there is not an efficient method for screening vector populations to detect novel viral sequences. Current viral detection and surveillance methods based on culture can be costly and time consuming and are predicated on prior knowledge of the etiologic agent, as they rely on specific oligonucleotide primers or antibodies. Therefore, these techniques may be unsuitable for situations when the causative agent of an outbreak is unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings: In this study we explored the use of high-throughput pyrosequencing for surveillance of arthropod-borne RNA viruses. Dengue virus, a member of the positive strand RNA Flavivirus family that is transmitted by several members of the Aedes genus of mosquitoes, was used as a model. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes experimentally infected with dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) were pooled with noninfected mosquitoes to simulate samples derived from ongoing arbovirus surveillance programs. Using random-primed methods, total RNA was reverse-transcribed and resulting cDNA subjected to 454 pyrosequencing. Conclusions/Significance: In two types of samples, one with 5 adult mosquitoes infected with DENV-1- and the other with 1 DENV-1 infected mosquito and 4 noninfected mosquitoes, we identified DENV-1 DNA sequences. DENV-1 sequences were not detected in an uninfected control pool of 5 adult mosquitoes. We calculated the proportion of the Ae. aegypti metagenome contributed by each infecting Dengue virus genome (p(IP)), which ranged from 2.75x10(-8) to 1.08x10(-7). DENV-1 RNA was sufficiently concentrated in the mosquito that its detection was feasible using current high-throughput sequencing instrumentation. We also identified some of the components of the mosquito microflora on the basis of the sequence of expressed RNA. This included members of the bacterial genera Pirellula and Asaia, various fungi, and a potentially uncharacterized mycovirus. C1 [Bishop-Lilly, Kimberly A.; Willner, Kristin M.; Butani, Amy; Nolan, Nichole M. E.; Lentz, Shannon M.; Akmal, Arya; Mateczun, Al; Brahmbhatt, Trupti N.; Sozhamannan, Shanmuga; Read, Timothy D.] USN, Biol Def Res Directorate, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Turell, Michael J.; Whitehouse, Chris A.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bishop-Lilly, KA (reprint author), USN, Biol Def Res Directorate, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM Kim.bishop-lilly@med.navy.mil RI Read, Timothy/E-6240-2011 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [G.G.0004_06_NM_B] FX Funding was provided by Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA; www.dtra.mil) for project G.G.0004_06_NM_B to T. D. Read. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 4 IS 11 AR e878 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000878 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 687GB UT WOS:000284765900020 PM 21085471 ER PT J AU Christophersen, M Phlips, BF AF Christophersen, Marc Phlips, Bernard F. TI Recent Patents on Electrophoretic Displays and Materials SO RECENT PATENTS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Electrophoretic display; charged particles; electronic paper; flexible displays; micro-capsule; optical properties; thin film ID ELECTRONIC PAPER; DISPERSION POLYMERIZATION; PARTICLES; MICROCAPSULES; INK AB Electrophoretic displays (EPDs) have made their way into consumer products. EPDs enable displays that offer the look and form of a printed page, often called "electronic paper". We will review recent apparatus and method patents for EPD devices and their fabrication. A brief introduction into the basic display operation and history of EPDs is given, while pointing out the technological challenges and difficulties for inventors. Recently, the majority of scientific publications and patenting activity has been directed to micro-segmented EPDs. These devices exhibit high optical reflectance and contrast, wide viewing angle, and high image resolution. Micro-segmented EPDs can also be integrated with flexible transistors technologies into flexible displays. Typical particles size ranges from 200 nm to 2 micrometer. Currently one very active area of patenting is the development of full-color EPDs. We summarize the recent patenting activity for EPDs and provide comments on perceiving factors driving intellectual property protection for EPD technologies. C1 [Christophersen, Marc; Phlips, Bernard F.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Christophersen, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7654,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM marc.christophersen@nrl.navy.mil RI Christophersen, Marc/B-6795-2008 FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory FX We would like to thank Andrew McGill for helpful discussions. This work was funded by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. NR 63 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1872-2105 J9 RECENT PAT NANOTECH JI Recent Pat. Nanotechnology PD NOV PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 137 EP 149 PG 13 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 709LB UT WOS:000286438400001 PM 20565384 ER PT J AU Todd, CS Nasir, A Stanekzai, MR Abed, AMS Strathdee, SA Bautista, CT Scott, PT Botros, BA Tjaden, J AF Todd, Catherine S. Nasir, Abdul Stanekzai, Mohammad Raza Abed, Abdullah M. S. Strathdee, Steffanie A. Bautista, Christian T. Scott, Paul T. Botros, Boulos A. Tjaden, Jeffrey TI Prevalence and Correlates of Syphilis and Condom Use Among Male Injection Drug Users in Four Afghan Cities SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International AIDS Conference CY AUG 03-08, 2008 CL Mexico City, MEXICO ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; FEMALE SEX WORKERS; RISK BEHAVIORS; HEPATITIS-B; HIV-INFECTION; PAKISTAN; KABUL; INDIA; TRANSMISSION; PREVENTION AB Background: Injecting drug use is increasing in Afghanistan but little is known about sexual risk behaviors and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence among injection drug users (IDU). The purpose of this study is to assess prevalence and correlates of syphilis and condom use with female sex workers (FSWs) among male IDUs in Hirat, Jalalabad, Kabul, and Mazar-i-Sharif, Afghanistan. Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional study completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire and serologic testing for syphilis between June 2005 and January 2008. Factors associated with syphilis condom use with FSWs were assessed with site-controlled logistic regression analysis. Results: Of 1078 male IDUs, most (90.3%) reported prior sexual experience, of whom 27.6% reported any condom use. Sexual experiences with FSWs (58.1%) and men or boys (25.7%) were common, although prior condom use with FSWs (32.6%) or male partners (10.8%) was relatively rare. Few reported having a lifetime STI diagnosis (6.3%, n = 68) or symptoms (10.4%, n = 110) in the last 6 months. Prevalence of syphilis was 3.72% (95% CI: 2.66%-5.06%) and varied significantly between sites ranging from 0% (Jalalabad) to 13.9% (Mazar-i-Sharif) (P < 0.001). Syphilis was significantly associated with STI diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.84) or sex with FSWs (AOR = 3.82) in the last 6 months, and with lower (<= 6 years) educational level (AOR = 2.20). Prior condom use with FSWs was independently associated with living outside Afghanistan in the last decade (AOR = 5.52, 95% CI: 1.83-16.71), higher income (AOR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.17-3.51), greater number of lifetime partners (AOR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.32-2.45), and younger age (AOR = 0.985, 95% CI: 0.973-0.998). Conclusions: Although prevalence of syphilis and condom use varied significantly by site, high levels of risky sexual behavior were common, and consistent condom use was rare among IDUs in Afghanistan. Harm reduction programming should incorporate sexual risk reduction and condom promotion and distribution in Afghan cities. C1 [Todd, Catherine S.] Columbia Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Nasir, Abdul; Stanekzai, Mohammad Raza] Int Rescue Comm, Kabul, Afghanistan. [Abed, Abdullah M. S.] Natl HIV AIDS Control Program, Minist Publ Hlth, Kabul, Afghanistan. [Strathdee, Steffanie A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Bautista, Christian T.; Scott, Paul T.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. [Botros, Boulos A.; Tjaden, Jeffrey] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. RP Todd, CS (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, PH 16-69,622 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM cst2121@columbia.edu RI Bautista, Christian/B-2812-2011 FU FIC NIH HHS [K01TW007408] NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 37 IS 11 BP 719 EP 725 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181e2c76a PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 671FY UT WOS:000283487100010 PM 20585276 ER PT J AU Viall, NM Spence, HE Vourlidas, A Howard, R AF Viall, Nicholeen M. Spence, Harlan E. Vourlidas, Angelos Howard, Russell TI Examining Periodic Solar-Wind Density Structures Observed in the SECCHI Heliospheric Imagers SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SUN; EJECTION; DRIVEN; CORONA AB We present an analysis of small-scale, periodic, solar-wind density enhancements (length scales as small as approximate to 1000 Mm) observed in images from the Heliospheric Imager (HI) aboard STEREO-A. We discuss their possible relationship to periodic fluctuations of the proton density that have been identified at 1 AU using in-situ plasma measurements. Specifically, Viall, Kepko, and Spence (J. Geophys. Res. 113, A07101, 2008) examined 11 years of in-situ solar-wind density measurements at 1 AU and demonstrated that not only turbulent structures, but also nonturbulent, periodic density structures exist in the solar wind with scale sizes of hundreds to one thousand Mm. In a subsequent paper, Viall, Spence, and Kasper (Geophys. Res. Lett. 36, L23102, 2009) analyzed the alpha-to-proton solar-wind abundance ratio measured during one such event of periodic density structures, demonstrating that the plasma behavior was highly suggestive that either temporally or spatially varying coronal source plasma created those density structures. Large periodic density structures observed at 1 AU, which were generated in the corona, can be observable in coronal and heliospheric white-light images if they possess sufficiently high density contrast. Indeed, we identify such periodic density structures as they enter the HI field of view and follow them as they advect with the solar wind through the images. The smaller, periodic density structures that we identify in the images are comparable in size to the larger structures analyzed in-situ at 1 AU, yielding further evidence that periodic density enhancements are a consequence of coronal activity as the solar wind is formed. C1 [Viall, Nicholeen M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Solar Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Spence, Harlan E.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Vourlidas, Angelos; Howard, Russell] USN, Res Lab, Solar Phys Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Viall, NM (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Solar Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Nicholeen.M.Viall@nasa.gov RI Viall, Nicholeen/D-1687-2012; Spence, Harlan/A-1942-2011; Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009; OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948; Spence, Harlan/0000-0002-2526-2205 FU NASA [NNG05GK65G] FX We thank the STEREO/SECCHI team for the use of these excellent data. The STEREO/SECCHI data used here are produced by an international consortium of the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Lab (USA), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK), University of Birmingham (UK), Max-Planck-Institut for Sonnensystemforschung (Germany), Centre Spatiale de Liege (Belgium), Institut d'Optique Theorique et Appliquee (France), and Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France). This research was supported by NASA Grant No. NNG05GK65G and an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Goddard Space Flight Center, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 267 IS 1 BP 175 EP 202 DI 10.1007/s11207-010-9633-1 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 682VG UT WOS:000284430500008 ER PT J AU Ancona, MG Bennett, BR Boos, JB AF Ancona, M. G. Bennett, B. R. Boos, J. B. TI Scaling projections for Sb-based p-channel FETs SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Hole transport; Antimonides; p-Channel; Device scaling; Density-gradient theory; Complementary circuits ID ELECTRON; PERFORMANCE; SINGLE; STATE; HEMTS AB Numerical device modeling is used to study p-channel FETs with InSb, GaSb and InGaSb channels. To be as realistic as possible, the basic parameters are chosen to be those measured experimentally in state-of-the-art high-mobility materials, and where possible, predictions are compared against published data. Confinement effects are captured in the simulations using the density-gradient description of quantum transport. The emphasis is on projecting scaling properties and ultimate performance, with key issues being short-channel effects, the importance of source-drain leakage current, power considerations and p(+)-cap design. Although important, issues related to gate leakage current and gate stack design are not well addressed by modeling, and so are not considered in detail. With III-V complementary circuits and high-speed, low-power applications in mind, the general conclusion is that among the antimonide-based pFETs, InGaSb devices provide the best balance of speed and power dissipation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ancona, M. G.; Bennett, B. R.; Boos, J. B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ancona, MG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ancona@estd.nrl.navy.mil RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008 OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213 FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors thank the Office of Naval Research for partial support of this work. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 54 IS 11 BP 1349 EP 1358 DI 10.1016/j.sse.2010.06.022 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 644DC UT WOS:000281350600019 ER PT J AU Storm, DF Katzer, DS Deen, DA Bass, R Meyer, DJ Roussos, JA Binari, SC Paskova, T Preble, EA Evans, KR AF Storm, D. F. Katzer, D. S. Deen, D. A. Bass, R. Meyer, D. J. Roussos, J. A. Binari, S. C. Paskova, T. Preble, E. A. Evans, K. R. TI Proximity effects of beryllium-doped GaN buffer layers on the electronic properties of epitaxial AlGaN/GaN heterostructures SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Gallium nitride; High electron mobility transistor; Molecular beam epitaxy; Homoepitaxy; Doping ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; MICROWAVE-POWER PERFORMANCE; HEMTS; MBE; GROWTH; TRANSISTORS; GANHEMTS AB AlGaN/GaN/Be:GaN heterostructures have been grown by rf-plasma molecular beam epitaxy on freestanding semi-insulating GaN substrates, employing unintentionally-doped (UID) GaN buffer layers with thicknesses. d(UID), varying between 50 nm and 500 nm. We have found that the heterostructures with UID buffers thicker than 200 nm exhibit much improved Hall properties and inter-device isolation current compared to heterostructures with d(UID) < 200 nm. The output conductance of devices fabricated on these heterostructures increases as d(UID) decreases below 200 nm, and devices with gate lengths of 240 nm and 1 mu m exhibited no significant difference in output conductance. Evidence of buffer trapping is observed in devices for which d(UID) <= 100 nm. The observed effects are tentatively explained by the presence of parallel conduction paths in samples with non-optimized UID buffer thickness. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Storm, D. F.; Katzer, D. S.; Deen, D. A.; Bass, R.; Meyer, D. J.; Roussos, J. A.; Binari, S. C.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Paskova, T.; Preble, E. A.; Evans, K. R.] Kyma Technol Inc, Raleigh, NC 27617 USA. RP Storm, DF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.storm@nrl.navy.mil RI Paskova, Tanya/D-2203-2009; Katzer, D. Scott/N-7841-2013 FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Neil Green for device processing. The work at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 54 IS 11 BP 1470 EP 1473 DI 10.1016/j.sse.2010.05.041 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 644DC UT WOS:000281350600038 ER PT J AU Gaver, DP Jacobs, PA AF Gaver, Donald P. Jacobs, Patricia A. TI Reliability Growth Management Metrics and Statistical Methods for Discrete-Use Systems Comment SO TECHNOMETRICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Gaver, Donald P.; Jacobs, Patricia A.] USN, Dept Operat Res, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Gaver, DP (reprint author), USN, Dept Operat Res, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM dgaver@nps.edu; pajacobs@nps.edu NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 732 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1943 USA SN 0040-1706 J9 TECHNOMETRICS JI Technometrics PD NOV PY 2010 VL 52 IS 4 BP 389 EP 391 DI 10.1198/TECH.2010.09193 PG 3 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 698BB UT WOS:000285565400003 ER PT J AU Porch, D AF Porch, Douglas TI The Bitter Sea:The Struggle for Mastery in the Mediterranean, 1935-1949 SO WAR IN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Porch, Douglas] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Porch, D (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0968-3445 J9 WAR HIST JI War Hist. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 17 IS 4 BP 544 EP 546 DI 10.1177/09683445100170040908 PG 3 WC History; International Relations SC History; International Relations GA 682KY UT WOS:000284403600017 ER PT J AU Wojciechowski, J Chase-Baldwin, K Wasieloski, LP Padilla, S Vora, GJ Taitt, CR AF Wojciechowski, Jason Chase-Baldwin, Kitty Wasieloski, Leonard P., Jr. Padilla, Susana Vora, Gary J. Taitt, Chris Rowe TI Enhancement of deoxyribonucleic acid microarray performance using post-hybridization signal amplification SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE CombiMatrix; Microarray; Electrochemical detection; Super avidin-biotin system; Secondary enzymatic enhancement ID CATALYZED REPORTER DEPOSITION; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; SUBTYPE IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION PROFILES; PATHOGEN DETECTION; DEHALOCOCCOIDES; PREDICTORS; CANCER; ASSAYS; GENES AB Microarray performance depends upon the ability to screen samples against a vast array of probes with the appropriate sensitivity and selectivity While these factors are significantly influenced by probe design they are also subject to the particular detection methodology and reagents employed Herein we describe the incorporation of super avidin-biotin system (SABS) and secondary enzymatic enhancement (SEE) as post-hybridization signal amplification techniques to improve the sensitivity of oligonucleotide microarrays To these ends we tested these methods on electrochemically Interrogated arrays using both purified influenza A PCR products and randomly amplified genomic Francisella tularensis DNA as targets While SABS treatment did not improve sensitivity for CombiMatrix ElectraSense (R) arrays using purified influenza A cDNA chip sensitivity was improved 10-fold for randomly amplified targets SEE improved performance to a greater degree and was able to lower the detection limits 10-fold for influenza A and 100-fold for F tularensis DNA These results indicate the promising capability of post-hybridization amplification techniques for enhancing microarray performance Published by Elsevier B V C1 [Wojciechowski, Jason; Vora, Gary J.; Taitt, Chris Rowe] USN, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20376 USA. [Chase-Baldwin, Kitty; Wasieloski, Leonard P., Jr.; Padilla, Susana] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Wojciechowski, J (reprint author), USN, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Bld 30,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20376 USA. OI Vora, Gary/0000-0002-0657-8597 FU Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense/Defense Threat Reduction Agency [8 10006_07_RD_B, 8 10016_07_NRL_B]; American Society for Engineering Education FX This work was supported by Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense/Defense Threat Reduction Agency Projects 8 10006_07_RD_B and 8 10016_07_NRL_B J W was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship sponsored through the American Society for Engineering Education Opinions interpretations conclusions and recommendations are those of the authors and do not represent those of the US Government the US Department of Defense US Army or the US Navy NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD OCT 29 PY 2010 VL 679 IS 1-2 BP 85 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.aca.2010.09.007 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 677CA UT WOS:000283965500011 PM 20951861 ER PT J AU Ansumana, R Malanoski, AP Bockarie, AS Sundufu, AJ Jimmy, DH Bangura, U Jacobsen, KH Lin, BC Stenger, DA AF Ansumana, Rashid Malanoski, Anthony P. Bockarie, Alfred S. Sundufu, Abu James Jimmy, David H. Bangura, Umaru Jacobsen, Kathryn H. Lin, Baochuan Stenger, David A. TI Enabling methods for community health mapping in developing countries SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH GEOGRAPHICS LA English DT Article ID GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; GIS; CARE AB Background: Spatial epidemiology is useful but difficult to apply in developing countries due to the low availability of digitized maps and address systems, accurate population distributions, and computational tools. A community-based mapping approach was used to demonstrate that participatory geographic information system (PGIS) techniques can provide information helpful for health and community development. Results: The PGIS process allowed for the rapid determination of sectional (neighborhood) boundaries within the city of Bo, Sierra Leone. When combined with data about hospital laboratory visits, a catchment area for one hospital in Bo could be established. A survey of households from within the catchment area determined that the average population per household (about 6 individuals) was similar to that found in the 2004 census. However, we also found that the average house was inhabited by more than one household, for an average of 17.5 inhabitants per residential building, which is critical information to know when estimating population size using remote imagery that can detect and enumerate buildings. Conclusions: The methods developed in this paper serve as a model for the involvement of communities in the generation of municipal maps and their application to community and health concerns. C1 [Malanoski, Anthony P.; Lin, Baochuan; Stenger, David A.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ansumana, Rashid; Bockarie, Alfred S.; Sundufu, Abu James; Jimmy, David H.; Bangura, Umaru] Njala Univ, Mercy Hosp Res Lab, Kulanda Town, Bo, Sierra Leone. [Jacobsen, Kathryn H.] George Mason Univ, Dept Global & Community Hlth, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Malanoski, AP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM anthony.malanoski@nrl.navy.mil RI Jacobsen, Kathryn/B-5857-2008; Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011; Lin, Baochuan/A-8390-2009 OI Jacobsen, Kathryn/0000-0002-4198-6246; Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X; Lin, Baochuan/0000-0002-9484-0785 NR 22 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-072X J9 INT J HEALTH GEOGR JI Int. J. Health Geogr. PD OCT 29 PY 2010 VL 9 AR 56 DI 10.1186/1476-072X-9-56 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 681XP UT WOS:000284357900001 PM 21034454 ER PT J AU Min, M Wang, PC Campbell, JR Zong, XM Li, Y AF Min, Min Wang, Pucai Campbell, James R. Zong, Xuemei Li, Ying TI Midlatitude cirrus cloud radiative forcing over China SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; ALGORITHM DESCRIPTION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; RADAR MEASUREMENTS; TROPICAL CIRRUS; PART I; LIDAR; CLIMATE; SCATTERING; RETRIEVAL AB Midlatitude cirrus cloud radiative forcing (CRF) values at the tropopause over China are estimated using a radiative transfer model initialized by Earth-orbiting Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) measurements. A derived diurnal mean CRF, solved as a function of solar zenith angle, theta, though varied over the solar day, is used to evaluate the sensitivity and influence of theta on CRF calculations. Although a total mean net (NET) CRF of 36.5 +/- 48.4 W m (2), estimated using direct observation data, is approximately equal to the value of 36.8 +/- 50.4 W m (2) from the diurnal mean simulations, monthly differences illustrate a seasonality function dictating the influence of theta on CRF. A significant positive NET effect exceeding similar to 80 W m (2) over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is found, which is in contrast to a NET CRF found to be closer to 20 W m (2) for most parts of China. This finding is attributable to a more prominent warming effect of cirrus clouds observed over higher terrain. Furthermore, a warmer and more humid thermal profile over the high terrain in summer induces decreases in longwave (LW) and NET CRF over the plateau. The seasonal spatial variability of cirrus cloud visible optical depths also contributes to the corresponding spatial variability of shortwave (SW), LW, and NET CRF solved. C1 [Min, Min; Wang, Pucai; Zong, Xuemei] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Key Lab Middle Atmosphere & Global Environm Obser, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Min, Min] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Satellite Meteorol Ctr, Key Lab Radiometr Calibrat & Validat Environm Sat, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Campbell, James R.] USN, Res Lab, UCAR Visiting Scientist Program, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Li, Ying] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Atmospher Boundary Layer Phys & Atm, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Li, Ying] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. RP Min, M (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Key Lab Middle Atmosphere & Global Environm Obser, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. EM minmin@cma.gov.cn RI Campbell, James/C-4884-2012 OI Campbell, James/0000-0003-0251-4550 FU National Science Foundation of China [40875984]; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2010CB950800, 2010CB950802]; National Science Foundation for Youth Science Foundation of China [40705012] FX The authors thank Xiangao Xia who has provided many worthwhile suggestions. CALIOP and MODIS data sets and the Fu-Liou radiative transfer code are freely disseminated by the NASA Langley Research Center, and we acknowledge them for these valuable resources. Surface albedo data are freely downloaded from the IGBP website. We acknowledge their efforts and cooperation in providing the high-quality data. Author J.C. thanks J.S. Reid and D. L. Westphal for their support. We appreciate the valuable comments and suggestions made by three anonymous reviewers that greatly improved the paper. This research has been supported by National Science Foundation of China (40875984), National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) under grant 2010CB950800 (2010CB950802), and National Science Foundation for Youth Science Foundation of China (40705012). NR 53 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD OCT 29 PY 2010 VL 115 AR D20210 DI 10.1029/2010JD014161 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 674MP UT WOS:000283750600008 ER PT J AU Crawford, C Akdogan, T Alarcon, R Bertozzi, W Booth, E Botto, T Calarco, JR Clasie, B DeGrush, A Donnelly, TW Dow, K Farkhondeh, M Fatemi, R Filoti, O Franklin, W Gao, H Geis, E Gilad, S Hasell, D Karpius, P Kohl, M Kolster, H Lee, T Lomon, E Maschinot, A Matthews, J McIlhany, K Meitanis, N Milner, R Rapaport, J Redwine, R Seely, J Shinozaki, A Sindile, A Sirca, S Six, E Smith, T Tonguc, B Tschalaer, C Tsentalovich, E Turchinetz, W Xiao, Y Xu, W Zhang, C Zhou, Z Ziskin, V Zwart, T AF Crawford, C. Akdogan, T. Alarcon, R. Bertozzi, W. Booth, E. Botto, T. Calarco, J. R. Clasie, B. DeGrush, A. Donnelly, T. W. Dow, K. Farkhondeh, M. Fatemi, R. Filoti, O. Franklin, W. Gao, H. Geis, E. Gilad, S. Hasell, D. Karpius, P. Kohl, M. Kolster, H. Lee, T. Lomon, E. Maschinot, A. Matthews, J. McIlhany, K. Meitanis, N. Milner, R. Rapaport, J. Redwine, R. Seely, J. Shinozaki, A. Sindile, A. Sirca, S. Six, E. Smith, T. Tonguc, B. Tschalaer, C. Tsentalovich, E. Turchinetz, W. Xiao, Y. Xu, W. Zhang, C. Zhou, Z. Ziskin, V. Zwart, T. TI Role of mesons in the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SQUARED 4-MOMENTUM TRANSFERS; ELECTRON-DEUTERON SCATTERING; PROTON ELASTIC-SCATTERING; LARGE MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; EXCLUSIVE PROCESSES; POLARIZATION TRANSFER; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; PRECISION-MEASUREMENT; PERTURBATIVE QCD; CHARGE RADIUS AB The roles played by mesons in the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon are explored using as a basis a model containing vector mesons with coupling to the continuum together with the asymptotic Q(2) behavior of perturbative QCD. Specifically, the vector dominance model (GKex) developed by E. L. Lomon is employed, as it is known to be very successful in representing the existing high-quality data published to date. An analysis is made of the experimental uncertainties present when the differences between the GKex model and the data are expanded in orthonormal basis functions. A main motivation for the present study is to provide insight into how the various ingredients in this model yield the measured behavior, including discussions of when dipole form factors are to be expected or not, of which mesons are the major contributors, for instance, at low Q(2) or large distances, and of what effects are predicted from coupling to the continuum. Such insights are first discussed in momentum space, followed by an analysis of how different and potentially useful information emerges when both the experimental and theoretical electric form factors are Fourier transformed to coordinate space. While these Fourier transforms should not be interpreted as "charge distributions," nevertheless the roles played by the various mesons, especially those which are dominant at large or small distance scales, can be explored via such experiment-theory comparisons. C1 [Crawford, C.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40504 USA. [Akdogan, T.; Bertozzi, W.; Botto, T.; Clasie, B.; DeGrush, A.; Donnelly, T. W.; Dow, K.; Farkhondeh, M.; Fatemi, R.; Franklin, W.; Gilad, S.; Hasell, D.; Kolster, H.; Lomon, E.; Maschinot, A.; Matthews, J.; Meitanis, N.; Milner, R.; Redwine, R.; Seely, J.; Shinozaki, A.; Sirca, S.; Six, E.; Tschalaer, C.; Tsentalovich, E.; Turchinetz, W.; Xiao, Y.; Zhang, C.; Zhou, Z.; Ziskin, V.; Zwart, T.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Alarcon, R.; Geis, E.; Tonguc, B.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Booth, E.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Calarco, J. R.; Filoti, O.; Karpius, P.; Lee, T.; Sindile, A.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Gao, H.; Xu, W.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Kohl, M.] Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23664 USA. [McIlhany, K.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Rapaport, J.] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Smith, T.] Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Crawford, C (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40504 USA. RI Gao, Haiyan/G-2589-2011 FU United States Department of Energy [DE-FC02-94ER40818]; National Science Foundation [PHY-0855584] FX This work has been supported by the United States Department of Energy under Cooperative Agreement DE-FC02-94ER40818 and National Science Foundation Grant No. PHY-0855584. NR 105 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT 29 PY 2010 VL 82 IS 4 AR 045211 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.82.045211 PG 18 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 673GV UT WOS:000283648400012 ER PT J AU Islam, MF Nossa, JF Canali, CM Pederson, M AF Islam, M. Fhokrul Nossa, Javier F. Canali, Carlo M. Pederson, Mark TI First-principles study of spin-electric coupling in a {Cu-3} single molecular magnet SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPINTRONICS; APPROXIMATION; MAGNETIZATION AB We report on a study of the electronic and magnetic properties of the triangular antiferromagnetic {Cu3} single-molecule magnet, based on spin-density-functional theory. Our calculations show that the low-energy magnetic properties are correctly described by an effective three-site spin s = 1/2 Heisenberg model, with an antiferromagnetic exchange coupling J approximate to 5 meV. The ground-state manifold of the model is composed of two degenerate spin S = 1/2 doublets of opposite chirality. Due to lack of inversion symmetry in the molecule these two states are coupled by an external electric field, even when spin-orbit interaction is absent. The spin-electric coupling can be viewed as originating from a modified exchange constant delta J induced by the electric field. We find that the calculated transition rate between the chiral states yields an effective electric dipole moment d = 3.38 x 10(-33) C m approximate to e10(-4)a, where a is the Cu separation. For external electric fields epsilon approximate to 10(8) V/m this value corresponds to a Rabi time tau approximate to 1 ns and to a delta J on the order of a few mu eV. C1 [Islam, M. Fhokrul; Nossa, Javier F.; Canali, Carlo M.] Linnaeus Univ, Sch Comp Sci Phys & Math, Kalmar, Sweden. [Pederson, Mark] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Islam, MF (reprint author), Linnaeus Univ, Sch Comp Sci Phys & Math, Kalmar, Sweden. OI Islam, Md/0000-0003-1847-0863 FU Faculty of Natural Sciences at Linnaeus University; Swedish Research Council [621-2007-5019] FX We would like to thank Daniel Loss for introducing us to this problem and for several useful discussions. This work was supported by the Faculty of Natural Sciences at Linnaeus University and the Swedish Research Council under Grant No. 621-2007-5019. NR 37 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 26 PY 2010 VL 82 IS 15 AR 155446 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.155446 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 671GM UT WOS:000283488600012 ER PT J AU Wang, JW Auyeung, RCY Kim, H Charipar, NA Pique, A AF Wang, Jiwen Auyeung, Raymond C. Y. Kim, Heungsoo Charipar, Nicholas A. Pique, Alberto TI Three-Dimensional Printing of Interconnects by Laser Direct-Write of Silver Nanopastes SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ALUMINA SUSPENSIONS; PERIODIC STRUCTURES; FABRICATION; ELECTRODES; RHEOLOGY; FILM C1 [Wang, Jiwen; Auyeung, Raymond C. Y.; Kim, Heungsoo; Charipar, Nicholas A.; Pique, Alberto] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wang, JW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM wangjiwen@gmail.com; pique@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); National Research Council at Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was supported by Office of Naval Research (ONR). J.W. performed the work while holding a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at The Naval Research Laboratory. NR 23 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 4 U2 55 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD OCT 25 PY 2010 VL 22 IS 40 BP 4462 EP 4466 DI 10.1002/adma.201001729 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 677OE UT WOS:000284000900005 PM 20818617 ER PT J AU Highfill-McRoy, RM Larson, GE Booth-Kewley, S Garland, CF AF Highfill-McRoy, Robyn M. Larson, Gerald E. Booth-Kewley, Stephanie Garland, Cedric F. TI Psychiatric diagnoses and punishment for misconduct: the effects of PTSD in combat-deployed Marines SO BMC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; VIETNAM VETERANS; INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE; ANTISOCIAL-BEHAVIOR; TRAUMATIC STRESS; SUBSTANCE USE; WAR; RISK; EXPOSURE AB Background: Research on Vietnam veterans suggests an association between psychological problems, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and misconduct; however, this has rarely been studied in veterans of Operation Iraqi Freedom or Operation Enduring Freedom. The objective of this study was to investigate whether psychological problems were associated with three types of misconduct outcomes (demotions, drug-related discharges, and punitive discharges.) Methods: A population-based study was conducted on all U. S. Marines who entered the military between October 1, 2001, and September 30, 2006, and deployed outside of the United States before the end of the study period, September 30, 2007. Demographic, psychiatric, deployment, and personnel information was collected from military records. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was conducted to investigate associations between the independent variables and the three types of misconduct in war-deployed (n = 77 998) and non-war-deployed (n = 13 944) Marines. Results: Marines in both the war-deployed and non-war-deployed cohorts with a non-PTSD psychiatric diagnosis had an elevated risk for all three misconduct outcomes (hazard ratios ranged from 3.93 to 5.65). PTSD was a significant predictor of drug-related discharges in both the war-deployed and non-war-deployed cohorts. In the war-deployed cohort only, a specific diagnosis of PTSD was associated with an increased risk for both demotions (hazard ratio, 8.60; 95% confidence interval, 6.95 to 10.64) and punitive discharges (HR, 11.06; 95% CI, 8.06 to 15.16). Conclusions: These results provide evidence of an association between PTSD and behavior problems in Marines deployed to war. Moreover, because misconduct can lead to disqualification for some Veterans Administration benefits, personnel with the most serious manifestations of PTSD may face additional barriers to care. C1 [Highfill-McRoy, Robyn M.; Larson, Gerald E.; Booth-Kewley, Stephanie; Garland, Cedric F.] USN, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Program, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Garland, Cedric F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Garland, Cedric F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Moores UCSD Canc Ctr, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Highfill-McRoy, RM (reprint author), USN, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Program, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM Robyn.McRoy@med.navy.mil NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-244X J9 BMC PSYCHIATRY JI BMC Psychiatry PD OCT 25 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 88 DI 10.1186/1471-244X-10-88 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 682UZ UT WOS:000284429800001 PM 20974004 ER PT J AU Kessler, DA Oran, ES Kaplan, CR AF Kessler, David A. Oran, Elaine S. Kaplan, Carolyn R. TI Towards the development of a multiscale, multiphysics method for the simulation of rarefied gas flows SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE computational methods; gas dynamics; kinetic theory ID MONTE-CARLO METHOD; NONLINEAR BOLTZMANN-EQUATION; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; SMOOTH TRANSITION MODEL; COUPLING BOLTZMANN; NUMERICAL-SOLUTION; MICROCHANNEL FLOW; KINETIC-THEORY; SCHEMES; HYDRODYNAMICS AB We introduce a coupled multiscale, multiphysics method (CM(3)) for solving for the behaviour of rarefied gas flows. The approach is to solve the kinetic equation for rarefied gases (the Boltzmann equation) over a very short interval of time in order to obtain accurate estimates of the components of the stress tensor and heat-flux vector. These estimates are used to close the conservation laws for mass, momentum and energy, which are subsequently used to advance continuum-level flow variables forward in time. After a finite time interval, the Boltzmann equation is solved again for the new continuum field, and the cycle is repeated. The target applications for this type of method are transition-regime gas flows for which standard continuum models (e.g. Navier-Stokes equations) cannot be used, but solution of Boltzmann's equation is prohibitively expensive. The use of molecular-level data to close the conservation laws significantly extends the range of applicability of the continuum conservation laws. In this study, the CM(3) is used to perform two proof-of-principle calculations: a low-speed Rayleigh flow and a thermal Fourier flow. Velocity, temperature, shear-stress and heat-flux profiles compare well with direct-simulation Monte Carlo solutions for various Knudsen numbers ranging from the near-continuum regime to the transition regime. We discuss algorithmic problems and the solutions necessary to implement the CM(3), building upon the conceptual framework of the heterogeneous multiscale methods. C1 [Kessler, David A.; Oran, Elaine S.; Kaplan, Carolyn R.] USN, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kessler, DA (reprint author), USN, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dakessle@lcp.nrl.navy.mil FU National Academies of Science; Naval Research Laboratory through the Office of Naval Research FX We would like to thank the National Academies of Science Postdoctoral Research Associateship Program and the Naval Research Laboratory through the Office of Naval Research for funding this work. Computing resources were provided by the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program. We would also like to thank Dr J. Lui for assistance with implementing LCPFCT, Dr D. Mott for valuable insight regarding DSMC boundary conditions and Dr A. Staples for general information regarding multiscale methods. NR 76 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD OCT 25 PY 2010 VL 661 BP 262 EP 293 DI 10.1017/S0022112010002934 PG 32 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 677AC UT WOS:000283960300012 ER PT J AU Kim, BJ Mastro, MA Hite, J Eddy, CR Kim, J AF Kim, Byung-Jae Mastro, Michael A. Hite, Jennifer Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Kim, Jihyun TI Transparent conductive graphene electrode in GaN-based ultra-violet light emitting diodes SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID LAYER GRAPHENE; FILMS AB We report a graphene-based transparent conductive electrode for use in ultraviolet (UV) GaN light emitting diodes (LEDs). A few-layer graphene (FLG) layer was mechanically deposited. UV light at a peak wavelength of 368nm was successfully emitted by the FLG layer as transparent contact to p-GaN. The emission of UV light through the thin graphene layer was brighter than through the thick graphene layer. The thickness of the graphene layer was characterized by micro-Raman spectroscopy. Our results indicate that this novel graphene-based transparent conductive electrode holds great promise for use in UV optoelectronics for which conventional ITO is less transparent than graphene. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Kim, Byung-Jae; Kim, Jihyun] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea. [Mastro, Michael A.; Hite, Jennifer; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kim, BJ (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea. EM hyunhyun7@korea.ac.kr RI Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013; Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 FU Minstry of Education, Science and Technology [R0903962, 2010-0008242]; Office of Naval Research FX The research at Korea University was supported by New & Renewable Energy R&D program (R0903962) under the Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Minstry of Education, Science and Technology(2010-0008242) and BK21 program. Research at the US Naval Research Lab was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 17 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 44 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD OCT 25 PY 2010 VL 18 IS 22 BP 23030 EP 23034 DI 10.1364/OE.18.023030 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 672CK UT WOS:000283560400043 PM 21164643 ER PT J AU Siskind, DE Eckermann, SD McCormack, JP Coy, L Hoppel, KW Baker, NL AF Siskind, David. E. Eckermann, Stephen. D. McCormack, John P. Coy, Larry Hoppel, Karl W. Baker, Nancy L. TI Case studies of the mesospheric response to recent minor, major, and extended stratospheric warmings SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID STATIONARY PLANETARY-WAVES; INTERNAL GRAVITY-WAVES; GENERAL-CIRCULATION; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; DOWNWARD CONTROL; WEATHER REGIMES; WINTER; MODEL; WINDS; TEMPERATURES AB We have studied the mesospheric response to two recent stratospheric warmings by performing short-term forecasts at medium (1.5 degrees) and high (0.5 degrees) spatial resolution under different gravity wave drag (GWD) scenarios. We validated our models with our high-altitude analysis that extends from 0 to 90 km. For the minor warming of January 2008, reduced upper-level orographic GWD weakened the downward residual circulation and cooled the mesosphere. Parameterized nonorographic GWD increased the simulated mesospheric cooling. For the prolonged major warming of 2006, heavily attenuated orographic GWD led to pronounced cooling near 50 km. During the extended phase of this event, an unusually strong westerly polar vortex reformed in the lower mesosphere, which allowed westward propagating nonorographic gravity waves to reach the mesosphere and break, with net westward accelerations of over 50 ms(-1) d(-1). This, in turn, forced a strong residual circulation, yielding descent velocities over 2 cm s(-1) between 65 degrees N and 85 degrees N, consistent with previous reports of enhanced downward transport of trace constituents. The resulting adiabatic heating, as evidenced by the unusually vertically displaced stratopause at 80 km, is likely a direct consequence of this enhanced gravity wave driven descent. High-resolution simulations without parameterized GWD were closer to the analysis than medium-resolution simulations with parameterized orographic GWD only, but still did not fully simulate the mesospheric thermal response. Specifically, the 80 km temperature enhancement was still underestimated in these simulations. This suggests that higher spatial resolution is needed to adequately resolve extratropical gravity wave momentum fluxes. C1 [Siskind, David. E.; Eckermann, Stephen. D.; McCormack, John P.; Coy, Larry] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Baker, Nancy L.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Hoppel, Karl W.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Siskind, DE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.siskind@nrl.navy.mil OI McCormack, John/0000-0002-3674-0508 FU Office of Naval Research; NASA [NNH09AK64I]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX This work was supported by grants from the Office of Naval Research, NASA's Heliophysics Guest Investigator Program (grant NNH09AK64I), the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, and a grant of computer time from the DoD Supercomputing Resource Centers. Helpful discussions with Fabrizio Sassi are appreciated. NR 61 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 4 U2 14 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD OCT 23 PY 2010 VL 115 AR D00N03 DI 10.1029/2010JD014114 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 671XH UT WOS:000283546600007 ER PT J AU Englert, CR Stevens, MH Siskind, DE Harlander, JM Roesler, FL AF Englert, Christoph R. Stevens, Michael H. Siskind, David E. Harlander, John M. Roesler, Frederick L. TI Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals on STPSat-1 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID SPACE-SHUTTLE EXHAUST; OH OBSERVATIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; SHIMMER; CLOUDS; OZONE; MODEL AB The Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals (SHIMMER) was a high-resolution, near ultraviolet spectrometer that imaged the Earth's limb for 2.5 years between March 2007 and October 2009. The instrument used the Spatial Heterodyne Spectroscopy technique for the first time on a satellite and successfully demonstrated its capabilities. SHIMMER measured the solar resonance fluorescence of the OH A(2)Sigma(+)-X-2 Pi (0, 0) band around 309 nm, which allows the retrieval of mesospheric OH density profiles. It also measured the Rayleigh scattered background from the clear atmosphere and solar scattering from polar mesospheric cloud particles. We present details on the SHIMMER mission, the payload design, and the data analysis. A comparison between SHIMMER and concurrent Microwave Limb Sounder OH data shows good agreement between 60 and 90 km altitude for several latitudes and seasons. We also find good agreement of the SHIMMER OH densities and standard photochemical model calculations between 60 and 80 km. We find no evidence of a 25%-35% mesospheric OH deficit, previously reported using Middle Atmosphere High-Resolution Spectrograph Investigation (MAHRSI) OH data. However, independent analysis of Rayleigh scattered background signals observed by SHIMMER and MAHRSI under similar lighting conditions revealed that MAHRSI radiances are systematically smaller than SHIMMER radiances by 24%. Although this difference is well outside of the combined uncertainties for both experiments, the agreement of SHIMMER OH with Microwave Limb Sounder OH and standard photochemistry results, together with our Rayleigh scattering comparison, suggests an unidentified MAHRSI calibration problem that effectively eliminates the mesospheric OH deficit reported using MAHRSI observations. C1 [Englert, Christoph R.; Stevens, Michael H.; Siskind, David E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Harlander, John M.] St Cloud State Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Engn, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. [Roesler, Frederick L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Englert, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 7640, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM christoph.englert@nrl.navy.mil OI Stevens, Michael/0000-0003-1082-8955; Englert, Christoph/0000-0002-2145-6168 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Heliophysics Division FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Heliophysics Division. SHIMMER is a joint program between the Naval Research Laboratory and the DoD Space Test Program. The authors thank Robert (Bob) R. Conway, Joel G. Cardon, Ronen Feldman, John F. Moser, W. Layne Marlin, Andrew N. Straatveit, Charles M. Brown, Michael A. Carr, Andrew W. Stephan, and Robert R. Meier for their contributions to the SHIMMER project, Christian von Savigny for providing the independent pointing validation using the TRUE code, Shuhui Wang for her help with the MLS data, and Andrew J. Kochenash for his assistance with the photochemical model. We also thank the teams of AeroAstro, Tiger Innovations, Naval Center for Space Technology, DoD Space Test Program, and Aerospace Corporation for their contributions. NR 41 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD OCT 22 PY 2010 VL 115 AR D20306 DI 10.1029/2010JD014398 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 671XG UT WOS:000283546500006 ER PT J AU Mezic, I Loire, S Fonoberov, VA Hogan, P AF Mezic, Igor Loire, S. Fonoberov, Vladimir A. Hogan, P. TI A New Mixing Diagnostic and Gulf Oil Spill Movement SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LAGRANGIAN COHERENT STRUCTURES; APERIODIC FLOWS; FLUID-FLOWS; 2-DIMENSIONAL TURBULENCE AB Chaotic advection has served as the paradigm for mixing in fluid flows with simple time dependence. Its skeletal structure is based on analysis of invariant attracting and repelling manifolds in fluid flows. Here we develop a finite-time theory for two-dimensional incompressible fluid flows with arbitrary time dependence and introduce a new mixing diagnostic based on it. Besides stretching events around attracting and repelling manifolds, this allows us to detect hyperbolic mixing zones. We used the new diagnostic to forecast the spatial location and timing of oil washing ashore in Plaquemines Parish and Grand Isle, Louisiana, and Pensacola, Florida, in May 2010 and the flow of oil toward Panama City Beach, Florida, in June 2010. C1 [Mezic, Igor; Loire, S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Ctr Control Dynam Syst & Computat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Mezic, Igor; Loire, S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mech Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Fonoberov, Vladimir A.] Aimdyn, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA. [Hogan, P.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Mezic, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Ctr Control Dynam Syst & Computat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM mezic@engineering.ucsb.edu FU Aimdyn; Naval Research Laboratory in Stennis, MS FX We thank B. Lipphardt of the University of Delaware, whose initial calculations showed the potential of the concepts described here in the context of the Gulf oil spill; and G. Haller for useful comments. The work of I.M., S.L., and V.A.F. was supported by Aimdyn. I.M. and S.L. were consultants for Aimdyn. P.H.'s work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory in Stennis, MS. We are thankful to the leadership of the U.S. Coast Guard at the Cocodrie, Louisiana, site for their interest in this work. NR 24 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 22 PY 2010 VL 330 IS 6003 BP 486 EP 489 DI 10.1126/science.1194607 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 669EL UT WOS:000283329100034 PM 20813922 ER PT J AU Littman, AJ Boyko, EJ Jacobson, IG Horton, J Gackstetter, GD Smith, B Hooper, T Wells, TS Amoroso, PJ Smith, TC AF Littman, Alyson J. Boyko, Edward J. Jacobson, Isabel G. Horton, Jaime Gackstetter, Gary D. Smith, Besa Hooper, Tomoko Wells, Timothy S. Amoroso, Paul J. Smith, Tyler C. CA Millennium Cohort Study TI Assessing nonresponse bias at follow-up in a large prospective cohort of relatively young and mobile military service members SO BMC MEDICAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MILLENNIUM COHORT; US MILITARY; ATTRITION; HEALTH; DEPLOYMENT; POPULATION; PREDICTORS; VACCINATION; DEPRESSION; PREVALENCE AB Background: Nonresponse bias in a longitudinal study could affect the magnitude and direction of measures of association. We identified sociodemographic, behavioral, military, and health-related predictors of response to the first follow-up questionnaire in a large military cohort and assessed the extent to which nonresponse biased measures of association. Methods: Data are from the baseline and first follow-up survey of the Millennium Cohort Study. Seventy-six thousand, seven hundred and seventy-five eligible individuals completed the baseline survey and were presumed alive at the time of follow-up; of these, 54,960 (71.6%) completed the first follow-up survey. Logistic regression models were used to calculate inverse probability weights using propensity scores. Results: Characteristics associated with a greater probability of response included female gender, older age, higher education level, officer rank, active-duty status, and a self-reported history of military exposures. Ever smokers, those with a history of chronic alcohol consumption or a major depressive disorder, and those separated from the military at follow-up had a lower probability of response. Nonresponse to the follow-up questionnaire did not result in appreciable bias; bias was greatest in subgroups with small numbers. Conclusions: These findings suggest that prospective analyses from this cohort are not substantially biased by non-response at the first follow-up assessment. C1 [Littman, Alyson J.; Boyko, Edward J.] Dept Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Littman, Alyson J.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Gackstetter, Gary D.] Analyt Serv INC, Arlington, VA USA. [Jacobson, Isabel G.; Horton, Jaime; Smith, Besa; Wells, Timothy S.; Smith, Tyler C.] USN, Dept Deployment Hlth Res, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Hooper, Tomoko] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Amoroso, Paul J.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA USA. RP Littman, AJ (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. EM alyson@u.washington.edu FU U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Research and Development; Department of Defense [60002] FX This material is based upon work supported in part by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Research and Development, Cooperative Studies Program. This work represents report 09.34, supported by the Department of Defense, under work unit no. 60002. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the Department of Veterans Affairs, Department of the Navy, Department of the Army, Department of the Air Force, Department of Defense, or the US Government. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (Protocol NHRC.2000.007). NR 28 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2288 J9 BMC MED RES METHODOL JI BMC Med. Res. Methodol. PD OCT 21 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 99 DI 10.1186/1471-2288-10-99 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 728ZU UT WOS:000287914500001 PM 20964861 ER PT J AU Landt, H Cheung, CC Healey, SE AF Landt, Hermine Cheung, Chi C. Healey, Stephen E. TI The optical spectra of X-shaped radio galaxies SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: nuclei ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; BLACK-HOLE SYSTEM; COMPLETE SAMPLE; SUPERMASSIVE BINARY; SOURCE CANDIDATES; H-BETA; EMISSION; CHANDRA; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY AB X-shaped radio galaxies are defined by their peculiar large-scale radio morphology. In addition to the classical double-lobed structure they have a pair of low-luminosity wings that straddles the nucleus at almost right angles to the active lobes, thus giving the impression of an 'X'. In this paper we study for the first time the optical spectral properties of this object class using a large sample (similar to 50 sources). We find that the X-shaped radio population is composed roughly equally of sources with weak and strong emission-line spectra, which makes them, in combination with the well-known fact that they preferentially have radio powers intermediate between those of Fanaroff-Riley type I (FR I) and type II (FR II) radio galaxies, the archetypal transition population. We do not find evidence in support of the proposition that the X shape is the result of a recent merger: X-shaped radio sources do not have unusually broad emission lines, their nuclear environments are in general not dusty and their host galaxies do not show signs of enhanced star formation. Instead, we observe that the nuclear regions of X-shaped radio sources have relatively high temperatures. This finding favours models which propose that the X shape is the result of an overpressured environment. C1 [Landt, Hermine] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Cheung, Chi C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cheung, Chi C.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Healey, Stephen E.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Landt, H (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. EM hlandt@unimelb.edu.au NR 54 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD OCT 21 PY 2010 VL 408 IS 2 BP 1103 EP 1112 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17183.x PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 660KA UT WOS:000282639100036 ER PT J AU Surls, J Nazarov-Stoica, C Kehl, M Casares, S Brumeanu, TD AF Surls, Jacqueline Nazarov-Stoica, Cristina Kehl, Margaret Casares, Sofia Brumeanu, Teodor-D. TI Differential effect of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T-regulatory cells on the B and T helper cell responses to influenza virus vaccination SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza virus; Foxp3(+) T-regulatory cells; Vaccination; Immune responses ID IMMUNOLOGICAL SELF-TOLERANCE; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; DENDRITIC CELLS; MEMORY CELLS; CLASS-I; CD4(+); INFECTION; RECEPTOR; ANTIGEN; SUPPRESSION AB The T-regulatory (T-reg) cells restrict the T-cell functions in various viral infections including influenza infection. However little is known about the effect of T-regs in influenza vaccination. Herein, we found that immunization of BALB/c mice with a prototype of UV-inactivated influenza PR8/A/34 virus vaccine expanded the CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T-reg pool and fostered the development of virus-specific CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T-reg cells. Increasing the size of Foxp3(+) T-reg pool did not alter the primary PR8-specific B-cell response, but it did suppress the primary and memory PR8-specific T helper responses induced by vaccination. In contrast, the vaccination-induced T helper cell response was augmented in the absence of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T-reg cells. Since CD4 T helper cells contribute to anti-influenza protection, therapeutic "quenching" of T-reg function prior to vaccination may enhance the efficacy of influenza vaccination. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Surls, Jacqueline; Nazarov-Stoica, Cristina; Kehl, Margaret; Casares, Sofia; Brumeanu, Teodor-D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Div Immunol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Casares, Sofia] USN, Med Res Ctr, Infect Dis Directorate, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Brumeanu, TD (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Div Immunol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd,A3074, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM tbrumeanu@usuhs.edu FU Uniformed Services University of the Health [RO83U-07/09] FX This work was supported by a grant from the Uniformed Services University of the Health (RO83U-07/09) to T-D.B. We thank Mrs Karen Wolcott and Kateryna Lund from USUHS Biomedical Instrumentation Center for valuable assistance with FACS and Luminex analyses, and Dr. Constantin A Bona for critical comments on the manuscript. NR 65 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD OCT 21 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 45 BP 7319 EP 7330 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.08.074 PG 12 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 677WY UT WOS:000284026600013 PM 20832492 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Dermer, CD de Palma, F Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dumora, D Favuzzi, C Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gehrels, N Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Horan, D Hughes, RE Jackson, MS Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Katsuta, J Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lee, SH Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Naumann-Godo, M Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ripken, J Roth, M Sadrozinski, HF Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spinelli, P Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Tibaldo, L Tibolla, O Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Dermer, C. D. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dumora, D. Favuzzi, C. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M-H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Jackson, M. S. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Katsuta, J. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lee, S-H. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Naumann-Godo, M. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ripken, J. Roth, M. Sadrozinski, H. FW. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, O. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI FERMI-LAT STUDY OF GAMMA-RAY EMISSION IN THE DIRECTION OF SUPERNOVA REMNANT W49B SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; ISM: individual objects (W49B); radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; X-RAY; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; RX J1713.7-3946; COSMIC-RAYS; CATALOG; RADIO; DISCOVERY; PULSARS; ORIGIN AB We present an analysis of the gamma-ray data obtained with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope in the direction of SNR W49B (G43.3-0.2). A bright unresolved gamma-ray source detected at a significance of 38 sigma is found to coincide with SNR W49B. The energy spectrum in the 0.2-200 GeV range gradually steepens toward high energies. The luminosity is estimated to be 1.5 x 10(36) (D/8 kpc)(2) erg s(-1) in this energy range. There is no indication that the gamma-ray emission comes from a pulsar. Assuming that the supernova remnant (SNR) shell is the site of gamma-ray production, the observed spectrum can be explained either by the decay of neutral pi mesons produced through the proton-proton collisions or by electron bremsstrahlung. The calculated energy density of relativistic particles responsible for the LAT flux is estimated to be remarkably large, U-e,U-p > 10(4) eV cm(-3), for either gamma-ray production mechanism. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Cheung, C. C.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Cheung, C. C.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Lee, S-H.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Lee, S-H.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Omodei, N.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA IRFU, CNRS,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Celik, Oe; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe; Vasileiou, V.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Celik, Oe; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, CNRS, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Ripken, J.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; Ripken, J.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M-H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M-H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, UMR 5797, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Guillemot, L.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Hughes, R. E.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Jackson, M. S.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Katsuta, J.; Okumura, A.; Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Katsuta, J.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Grad Sch Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sadrozinski, H. FW.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Sadrozinski, H. FW.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tibolla, O.] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Tramacere, A.] INTEGRAL Sci Data Ctr, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM katsuta@astro.isas.jaxa.jp; htajima@slac.stanford.edu; Taka.Tanaka@stanford.edu; uchiyama@slac.stanford.edu RI Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015 OI Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673 FU K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; International Doctorate on Astroparticle Physics (IDAPP) program; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France FX Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow, funded by a grant from the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation.; Partially supported by the International Doctorate on Astroparticle Physics (IDAPP) program.; Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. NR 29 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 20 PY 2010 VL 722 IS 2 BP 1303 EP 1311 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/722/2/1303 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 678LK UT WOS:000284075400026 ER PT J AU Vourlidas, A Howard, RA Esfandiari, E Patsourakos, S Yashiro, S Michalek, G AF Vourlidas, A. Howard, R. A. Esfandiari, E. Patsourakos, S. Yashiro, S. Michalek, G. TI COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF CORONAL MASS EJECTION MASS AND ENERGY PROPERTIES OVER A FULL SOLAR CYCLE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE methods: statistical; Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) ID SPACED DATA; LASCO; BRIGHTNESS; ENERGETICS; INTERPLANETARY; DISTRIBUTIONS; CALIBRATION; PARAMETERS; DENSITY; SPEEDS AB The LASCO coronagraphs, in continuous operation since 1995, have observed the evolution of the solar corona and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) over a full solar cycle with high-quality images and regular cadence. This is the first time that such a data set becomes available and constitutes a unique resource for the study of CMEs. In this paper, we present a comprehensive investigation of the solar cycle dependence on the CME mass and energy over a full solar cycle (1996-2009) including the first in-depth discussion of the mass and energy analysis methods and their associated errors. Our analysis provides several results worthy of further studies. It demonstrates the possible existence of two event classes: "normal" CMEs reaching constant mass for > 10 R(circle dot) and "pseudo"-CMEs which disappear in the C3 field of view. It shows that the mass and energy properties of CME reach constant levels and therefore should be measured only above similar to 10R(circle dot). The mass density (g/R(circle dot)(2)) of CMEs varies relatively little (< order of magnitude) suggesting that the majority of the mass originates from a small range in coronal heights. We find a sudden reduction in the CME mass in mid-2003 which may be related to a change in the electron content of the large-scale corona and we uncover the presence of a 6 month periodicity in the ejected mass from 2003 onward. C1 [Esfandiari, E.] Adnet Syst Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Patsourakos, S.] Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, Sect Astrogeophys, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Yashiro, S.] Catholic Univ Amer, Ctr Solar & Space Weather, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Michalek, G.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, Krakow, Poland. RP Vourlidas, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7663, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 NR 50 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 20 PY 2010 VL 722 IS 2 BP 1522 EP 1538 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/722/2/1522 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 678LK UT WOS:000284075400042 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Thernisien, A Luhmann, JG Vourlidas, A Davies, JA Lin, RP Bale, SD AF Liu, Ying Thernisien, Arnaud Luhmann, Janet G. Vourlidas, Angelos Davies, Jackie A. Lin, Robert P. Bale, Stuart D. TI RECONSTRUCTING CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS WITH COORDINATED IMAGING AND IN SITU OBSERVATIONS: GLOBAL STRUCTURE, KINEMATICS, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR SPACE WEATHER FORECASTING SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE shock waves; solar-terrestrial relations; solar wind; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) ID INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; SOLAR-WIND; EARTH; SHOCK; SUN; HELIOSPHERE; MISSION; SECCHI; VIEW; CME AB We reconstruct the global structure and kinematics of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) using coordinated imaging and in situ observations from multiple vantage points. A forward modeling technique, which assumes a rope-like morphology for CMEs, is used to determine the global structure (including orientation and propagation direction) from coronagraph observations. We reconstruct the corresponding structure from in situ measurements at 1 AU with the Grad-Shafranov method, which gives the flux-rope orientation, cross section, and a rough knowledge of the propagation direction. CME kinematics (propagation direction and radial distance) during the transit from the Sun to 1 AU are studied with a geometric triangulation technique, which provides an unambiguous association between solar observations and in situ signatures; a track fitting approach is invoked when data are available from only one spacecraft. We show how the results obtained from imaging and in situ data can be compared by applying these methods to the 2007 November 14-16 and 2008 December 12 CMEs. This merged imaging and in situ study shows important consequences and implications for CME research as well as space weather forecasting: (1) CME propagation directions can be determined to a relatively good precision as shown by the consistency between different methods; (2) the geometric triangulation technique shows a promising capability to link solar observations with corresponding in situ signatures at 1 AU and to predict CME arrival at the Earth; (3) the flux rope within CMEs, which has the most hazardous southward magnetic field, cannot be imaged at large distances due to expansion; (4) the flux-rope orientation derived from in situ measurements at 1 AU may have a large deviation from that determined by coronagraph image modeling; and (5) we find, for the first time, that CMEs undergo a westward migration with respect to the Sun-Earth line at their acceleration phase, which we suggest is a universal feature produced by the magnetic field connecting the Sun and ejecta. The importance of having dedicated spacecraft at L4 and L5, which are well situated for the triangulation concept, is also discussed based on the results. C1 [Liu, Ying; Luhmann, Janet G.; Lin, Robert P.; Bale, Stuart D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Thernisien, Arnaud] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Vourlidas, Angelos] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Davies, Jackie A.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Space Sci & Technol Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Lin, Robert P.] Kyung Hee Univ, Sch Space Res, Yongin 446701, Gyeonggi, South Korea. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM liuxying@ssl.berkeley.edu RI Bale, Stuart/E-7533-2011; Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009; OI Bale, Stuart/0000-0002-1989-3596; Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948; Liu, Ying/0000-0002-3483-5909 FU STEREO project [NAS5-03131]; KMEST [R31-10016] FX The research was supported by the STEREO project under grant NAS5-03131. Y. Liu thanks N. Lugaz of the University of Hawaii for helpful discussion. SECCHI was developed by a consortium of NRL, LMSAL and GSFC (US), RAL and Univ. Birmingham (UK), MPI (Germany), CSL (Belgium), and IOTA and IAS (France). We also acknowledge the use of data from WIND, ACE, and SOHO. R. Lin has been supported in part by the WCU grant (No. R31-10016) funded by KMEST. NR 44 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CI