FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Maddox, LTJS Elster, CDRE McNally, CDRMP Beckett, CDRCG AF Maddox, L. T. John S. Elster, C. D. R. Eric McNally, C. D. R. Michael P. Beckett, C. D. R. Charmagne G. TI Advanced Dressings for Pilonidal Disease: A Randomized Trial of Two Dressings SO WOUNDS-A COMPENDIUM OF CLINICAL RESEARCH AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID VACUUM-ASSISTED CLOSURE; PRESSURE WOUND THERAPY; SINUS-DISEASE; MANAGEMENT C1 [Maddox, L. T. John S.; McNally, C. D. R. Michael P.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr Bethesda, Dept Gen Surg, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Elster, C. D. R. Eric; Beckett, C. D. R. Charmagne G.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Maddox, LTJS (reprint author), Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr Bethesda, Dept Gen Surg, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM john.maddox@med.navy.mil NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU H M P COMMUNICATIONS PI MALVERN PA 83 GENERAL WARREN BLVD, STE 100, MALVERN, PA 19355 USA SN 1044-7946 EI 1943-2704 J9 WOUNDS JI Wounds-Compend. Clin. Res. Pract. PD SEP PY 2012 SU S BP 21 EP 22 PG 2 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 005VD UT WOS:000308777300009 ER PT J AU Cheung, CC Stawarz, L Siemiginowska, A Gobeille, D Wardle, JFC Harris, DE Schwartz, DA AF Cheung, C. C. Stawarz, L. Siemiginowska, A. Gobeille, D. Wardle, J. F. C. Harris, D. E. Schwartz, D. A. TI DISCOVERY OF A KILOPARSEC-SCALE X-RAY/RADIO JET IN THE z=4.72 QUASAR GB 1428+4217 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; quasars: individual (GB 1428+4217); radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; radio continuum: galaxies; X-rays: galaxies ID RAY-EMISSION; HIGH-REDSHIFT; RADIO GALAXIES; BLAZAR; CHANDRA; LOBES AB We report the discovery of a one-sided 3.'' 6 (24 kpc, projected) long jet in the high-redshift, z = 4.72, quasar GB 1428+4217 in new Chandra X-ray and Very Large Array (VLA) radio observations. This is the highest redshift kiloparsec-scale X-ray/radio jet known. Analysis of archival very long baseline interferometry 2.3 and 8.6 GHz data reveal a faint one-sided jet extending out to similar to 200 pc and aligned to within similar to 30 degrees of the Chandra/VLA emission. The 3.'' 6 distant knot is not detected in an archival Hubble Space Telescope image, and its broadband spectral energy distribution is consistent with an origin from inverse Compton scattering of cosmic microwave background photons for the X-rays. Assuming also equipartition between the radiating particles and magnetic field, the implied jet Lorentz factor is approximate to 5. This is similar to the other two known z similar to 4 kpc scale X-ray jet cases and smaller than typically inferred in lower-redshift cases. Although there are still but a few such very high redshift quasar X-ray jets known, for an inverse Compton origin, the present data suggest that they are less relativistic on large scales than their lower-redshift counterparts. C1 [Cheung, C. C.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Stawarz, L.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Stawarz, L.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Siemiginowska, A.; Harris, D. E.; Schwartz, D. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gobeille, D.; Wardle, J. F. C.] Brandeis Univ, Dept Phys, Waltham, MA 02454 USA. [Gobeille, D.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. RP Cheung, CC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Teddy.Cheung.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA [NAS8-39073, GO7-8114]; Chandra X-Ray Observatory Center; NSF [NSF1009261]; NRAO; NASA DPR [S-15633-Y] FX This research was supported in part by NASA through contract NAS8-39073 (A. S., D. E. H., and D. A. S.) and Chandra Award number GO7-8114 issued to NRAO and Eureka Scientific (C. C. C.) and Brandeis University (D. G. and J.F.C.W.) by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-39073. Radio astronomy at Brandeis University is supported by NSF Grant NSF1009261. This work began while C. C. C. was supported by a Jansky fellowship from NRAO; his work at NRL is supported in part by NASA DPR S-15633-Y. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 756 IS 1 AR L20 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/756/1/L20 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 996HF UT WOS:000308074800020 ER PT J AU Naidu, SS Rao, SV Blankenship, J Cavendish, JJ Farah, T Moussa, I Rihal, CS Srinivas, VS Yakubov, SJ AF Naidu, Srihari S. Rao, Sunil V. Blankenship, James Cavendish, Jeffrey J. Farah, Tony Moussa, Issam Rihal, Charanjit S. Srinivas, Vankeepuram S. Yakubov, Steven J. TI Clinical expert consensus statement on best practices in the cardiac catheterization laboratory: Society for cardiovascular angiography and interventions SO CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS LA English DT Article DE angiography coronary; diagnostic cardiac catheterization; complications adult cath; intervention; percutaneous coronary intervention ID PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION; CONTRAST-INDUCED NEPHROPATHY; INFORMED-CONSENT; RISK ADJUSTMENT; FEMORAL-ARTERY; TASK-FORCE; VALIDATION; PREDICTION; GUIDELINES; CARDIOLOGY C1 [Naidu, Srihari S.] Winthrop Univ Hosp, Div Cardiol, Mineola, NY 11501 USA. [Rao, Sunil V.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Blankenship, James] Geisinger Med Ctr, Danville, PA 17822 USA. [Cavendish, Jeffrey J.] USN, Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Farah, Tony] W Penn Allegheny Hlth Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Moussa, Issam] Mayo Clin, Div Cardiol, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Rihal, Charanjit S.] Mayo Clin, Div Cardiol, Rochester, MN USA. [Srinivas, Vankeepuram S.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, New York, NY USA. [Yakubov, Steven J.] Riverside Methodist Hosp, Columbus, OH 43214 USA. RP Naidu, SS (reprint author), Winthrop Univ Hosp, Div Cardiol, Mineola, NY 11501 USA. NR 31 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1522-1946 J9 CATHETER CARDIO INTE JI Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 80 IS 3 BP 456 EP 464 DI 10.1002/ccd.24311 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 996JH UT WOS:000308080500022 PM 22434598 ER PT J AU Broderick, MP Faix, DJ Hansen, CJ Blair, PJ AF Broderick, Michael P. Faix, Dennis J. Hansen, Christian J. Blair, Patrick J. TI Trends in Meningococcal Disease in the United States Military, 1971-2010 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CONJUGATE VACCINE; RISK-FACTORS AB Meningococci have historically caused extensive illness among members of the United States military. Three successive meningococcal vaccine types were used from 1971 through 2010; overall disease incidence dropped by >90% during this period. During 2006-2010, disease incidence of 0.38 (cases per 100,000 person-years) among members of the US military was not significantly different from the incidence of 0.26 among the age-matched US general population. Of the 26 cases in the US military, 5 were fatal, 15 were vaccine failures (e.g., illness in a person who had been vaccinated), and 9 were caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup Y. Incidences among 17- to 19-year-old basic trainees and among US Marines were significantly higher than among comparison military populations (p<0.05). No apparent change in epidemiology of meningococcal disease was observed after replacement of quadrivalent polysaccharide vaccine with conjugate vaccine in 2007. The data demonstrate that vaccination with meningococcal vaccine is effective. C1 [Broderick, Michael P.; Faix, Dennis J.; Hansen, Christian J.; Blair, Patrick J.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Broderick, MP (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM michael.broderick@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU Global Emerging Infections System division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center FX The Naval Health Research Center Meningococcal Disease Surveillance is supported by the Global Emerging Infections System division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2012 VL 18 IS 9 BP 1430 EP 1437 DI 10.3201/eid1809.120257 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 995EC UT WOS:000307989700005 PM 22932005 ER PT J AU Belden, J Ravela, S Truscott, TT Techet, AH AF Belden, Jesse Ravela, Sai Truscott, Tadd T. Techet, Alexandra H. TI Three-dimensional bubble field resolution using synthetic aperture imaging: application to a plunging jet SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID AIR ENTRAINMENT; VOID-FRACTION; FLOWS; SIZE; VELOCIMETRY AB A methodology for resolving three-dimensional (3D) bubble fields using 3D synthetic aperture imaging (SA imaging) is developed and applied to the bubbly flows induced by a turbulent circular plunging jet. 3D SA imaging involves capturing entirely in-focus images in an array of cameras with multiple viewpoints, then reprojecting the images into the measurement volume and combining them post capture. The result is a stack of synthetically refocused images that span the measurement volume with each refocused image having a narrow focus on a particular plane. In this paper, bubble shadow images are captured by projecting diffuse backlight onto the measurement volume. 3D SA imaging is ideally suited to investigate optically dense multiphase flows due to the ability to reconstruct volumes that contain partial occlusions. Instantaneous bubble sizes and locations in the plunging jet bubble fields are extracted from the volumes using two feature extraction algorithms and presented for various jet heights. The data are compared with existing literature on bubble penetration depth and size distributions. A scaling law for the integrated air concentration as a function of depth below the free-surface is proposed. Coupled with scaling laws for a parameter describing the radius of the bubble cone and radial concentration profiles, this new scaling law can be used to determine the entire air concentration profile given a minimal number of single-point measurements. C1 [Belden, Jesse] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Ravela, Sai] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Truscott, Tadd T.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Techet, Alexandra H.] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Belden, J (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM jesse.belden@navy.mil; ravela@mit.edu; truscott@byu.edu; ahtechet@mit.edu FU Office of Naval Research, University Laboratory Initiative (ULI) program [N00014-10-1-0342]; Naval Undersea Warfare Center In-house Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) funds; ONR [N00014-09-1-1167] FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research, University Laboratory Initiative (ULI) program (Grant no. N00014-10-1-0342, monitored by Dr. Teresa McMullen) and Naval Undersea Warfare Center In-house Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) funds (monitored by Dr. Tony Ruffa). Additional funds were provided under ONR Grant N00014-09-1-1167, monitored by Dr. Steven J. Russell. The work was carried out at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI, USA. We gratefully acknowledge Jason O'Connell of Tech Imaging and Karl Wiencek of Photron for providing the cameras, helping with the experiment and providing regular sanity checks. Also, we appreciate the work of Eric Hardester and Matthew Elverud of BYU for performing the manual bubble extraction. Finally, thanks to Michael Axiak for helping with the experiments. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0723-4864 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD SEP PY 2012 VL 53 IS 3 BP 839 EP 861 DI 10.1007/s00348-012-1322-4 PG 23 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 995FM UT WOS:000307993300019 ER PT J AU Rao, SM AF Rao, Sadasiva M. TI A True Domain Decomposition Procedure Based on Method of Moments to Handle Electrically Large Bodies SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE Electromagnetic fields; integral equations; method of moments; numerical methods ID ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; ALGORITHM AB A true domain decomposition method to obtain numerical solution involving electrically large bodies using the method of moments (MOM) formulation is the subject matter of the present work. The electrically large body is initially divided into smaller sub-structures. By defining a set of new basis functions adaptively, utilizing the primary basis functions, a solution scheme is developed which completely eliminates the interaction of one substructure with the rest of the body. This procedure enables to solve each substructure independently and involves no iterative solution as a final step. The present method is conceptually simple and applicable to any MOM solution. Further, the method can easily handle multiple right-hand side vectors much the same way as the conventional MOM solution. A few representative numerical examples are presented to illustrate the applicability of the new method. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rao, SM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Code 5314, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM sadasiva.rao@nrl.navy.mil NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 60 IS 9 BP 4233 EP 4238 DI 10.1109/TAP.2012.2207056 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 001KW UT WOS:000308460600023 ER PT J AU Aubry, M Roche, C Dupont-Rouzeyrol, M Aaskov, J Viallon, J Marfel, M Lalita, P Elbourne-Duituturaga, S Chanteau, S Musso, D Pavlin, BI Harrison, D Kool, JL Cao-Lormeau, VM AF Aubry, Maite Roche, Claudine Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Myrielle Aaskov, John Viallon, Jerome Marfel, Maria Lalita, Paul Elbourne-Duituturaga, Salanieta Chanteau, Suzanne Musso, Didier Pavlin, Boris I. Harrison, Dustin Kool, Jacob L. Cao-Lormeau, Van-Mai TI Use of serum and blood samples on filter paper to improve the surveillance of dengue in Pacific Island Countries SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dengue virus; Filter paper; Real-time RT-PCR; Pacific Island Countries; Surveillance ID FRENCH-POLYNESIA; VIRUS; SEQUENCES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DIAGNOSIS; TYPE-1; HAWAII; RNA AB Background: In Pacific Island Countries (PICs) the epidemiology of dengue is characterized by long-term transmission of a single dengue virus (DENV) serotype. The emergence of a new serotype in one island country often indicates major outbreaks with this serotype will follow in other PICs. Objectives: Filter paper (FP) cards on which whole blood or serum from dengue suspected patients had been dried was evaluated as a method for transportation of this material by standard mail delivery throughout the Pacific. Study design: Twenty-two FP-dried whole blood samples collected from patients in New Caledonia and Wallis & Futuna Islands, during DENV-1 and DENV-4 transmission, and 76 FP-dried sera collected from patients in Yap State, Majuro (Republic of Marshall Islands), Tonga and Fiji, before and during outbreaks of DENV-2 in Yap State and DENV-4 in Majuro, were tested for the presence of DENV RNA, by serotype specific RT-PCR, at the Institut Louis Malarde in French Polynesia. Results: The serotype of DENV could be determined, by a variety of RT-PCR procedures, in the FP-dried samples after more than three weeks of transport at ambient temperatures. In most cases, the sequencing of the envelope gene to genotype the viruses also was possible. Conclusions: The serotype and genotype of DENV can be determined from FP-dried serum or whole blood samples transported over thousands of kilometers at ambient, tropical, temperatures. This simple and low-cost approach to virus identification should be evaluated in isolated and resource poor settings for surveillance for a range of significant viral diseases. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B. V. C1 [Aubry, Maite; Roche, Claudine; Viallon, Jerome; Musso, Didier; Cao-Lormeau, Van-Mai] Inst Louis Malarde, Papeete 98713, Fr Polynesia. [Aubry, Maite] Univ Polynesie Francaise, Faaa Tahiti 98702, Fr Polynesia. [Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Myrielle; Chanteau, Suzanne] Inst Pasteur Nouvelle Caledonie, Noumea 98845, New Caledonia. [Aaskov, John] Queensland Univ Technol, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. [Marfel, Maria] Yap State Dept Hlth Serv, FM-96943 Colonia, Yap, Micronesia. [Lalita, Paul] Majuro Hosp, MH-96960 Majuro, Marshall Island. [Elbourne-Duituturaga, Salanieta] Secretariat Pacific Community, Suva, Fiji. [Pavlin, Boris I.] World Hlth Org, Boroko, National Capita, Papua N Guinea. [Harrison, Dustin] USN, Res Dept, Med Res Unit, Honolulu, HI USA. [Kool, Jacob L.] World Hlth Org, Pacific Tech Support Div, Suva, Fiji. RP Cao-Lormeau, VM (reprint author), Inst Louis Malarde, BP 30, Papeete 98713, Fr Polynesia. EM mlormeau@ilm.pf OI Cao-Lormeau, Van-Mai/0000-0001-5606-7480; Kool, Jacob/0000-0002-9605-2918 FU "Fonds de Cooperation Economique, Sociale et Culturelle pour le Pacifique" - Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres et Europeennes, France [75/1/2009]; "Agence Nationale pour la Recherche", France [ANR-09-MIEN-028-01, ANR-09-MIEN-028-02] FX This work was supported by the "Fonds de Cooperation Economique, Sociale et Culturelle pour le Pacifique" - Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres et Europeennes, France (Convention No. 75/1/2009) (URL: http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr) and by the "Agence Nationale pour la Recherche", France (Decisions attributives d'aide N ANR-09-MIEN-028-01, ANR-09-MIEN-028-02), URL: http://www.agence-nationale-recherche.fr. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; We are grateful to Jean-Francois Yvon, medical analysis laboratory at Sia hospital, Wallis & Futuna Islands; to Sitanilei Hoko and Ane Ika, Vaiola Hospital, Tonga; and to Uraia Rabuatoka and Taina Naivalu, Mataika House, Fiji, for providing samples spotted on FP-cards from dengue suspected and confirmed patients. We are grateful to Anita Teissier and Aurore Shan Yan, ILM, French Polynesia, for contributing to the RNA extraction step on the Easymag system. We also thank Olivia O'Connor and Aurelie Guigon, IPNC, New Caledonia, for the confirmation of dengue and preparation of FP-dried blood spots. We thank Veronique Vialette, ILM, French Polynesia, for presenting the study during the LabNet meeting (November 2010, Suva, Fiji) and providing the material to the representatives of laboratories in PICs. We are grateful to Tom Kiedrzynski, SPC, New Caledonia, for his support in motivating laboratories within the PPHSN to participate in this study. For Dustin Harrison, this work was prepared as part of his official duties as a U. S. Government employee, Lieutenant, microbiologist, US NAMRU-2 Pacific. The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the U.S. Government. NR 36 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 55 IS 1 BP 23 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.05.010 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 995GX UT WOS:000307997300006 PM 22695001 ER PT J AU Fabi, S Bolton, J Goldman, MP Guiha, I AF Fabi, Sabrina Bolton, Joanna Goldman, Mitchel P. Guiha, Isabella TI The Fabi-Bolton chest wrinkle scale: a pilot validation study SO JOURNAL OF COSMETIC DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chest; rejuvenation; wrinkles; scale; decolletage ID L-LACTIC ACID; GRADING SCALE; REJUVENATION; SKIN; NECK; LASER AB Up until now, no objective scale has existed to evaluate chest wrinkles and assess the efficacy of treatment. This study was designed to validate a new photonumeric wrinkle assessment scale using standardized photographic methodology to obtain reference photographs. Multiple photographs from 28 volunteer subjects with varying degrees of chest wrinkles were evaluated by a study team of two independent physicians. Photographs of 16 subjects representing the full spectrum of chest wrinkle severity were selected and classified using the FabiBolton (FB) 5-point wrinkle scale (1 = wrinkles absent; 2 = shallow but visible wrinkles; 3 = moderately deep wrinkles; 4 = deep wrinkles, with well-defined edges; 5 = wrinkles very deep with redundant folds). One representative photograph was chosen by study team consensus for each of the five scale points. A second, independent group of evaluators rated the randomly arranged photographs using the FB wrinkle scale. The numeric results were then tabulated and compared. The FB wrinkle scale provided a reproducible and effective method for assessing chest wrinkles with very little interrater variability. The FB wrinkle scale is a reliable tool for the classification of chest wrinkles and evaluation of therapeutic and cosmetic interventions. C1 [Fabi, Sabrina; Goldman, Mitchel P.; Guiha, Isabella] Cosmet Laser Dermatol, Goldman Butterwick Fitzpatrick Groff & Fabi, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Bolton, Joanna] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Fabi, S (reprint author), Cosmet Laser Dermatol, Goldman Butterwick Fitzpatrick Groff & Fabi, 9339 Genesee Ave,Suite 300, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. EM sfabi@gbkderm.com NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1473-2130 J9 J COSMET DERMATOL-US JI J. Cosmet. Dermatol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 11 IS 3 BP 229 EP 234 DI 10.1111/j.1473-2165.2012.00628.x PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 999EF UT WOS:000308291500010 PM 22938008 ER PT J AU Crandall, M Satter, EK Hurt, M AF Crandall, Michael Satter, Elizabeth K. Hurt, Mary TI Extraocular sebaceous carcinoma arising in a nevus sebaceous during pregnancy SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID TRICHOBLASTOMA C1 [Satter, Elizabeth K.] USN Hosp, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Crandall, Michael] MAG39 Med Dept, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. [Hurt, Mary] Dept Dermatol, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. RP Satter, EK (reprint author), USN, Dept Dermatol, Med Ctr, 34520 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 300, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM elizabeth.satter@med.navy.mil NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 67 IS 3 BP E111 EP E113 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.09.019 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 993AK UT WOS:000307824000005 PM 22890736 ER PT J AU Ray, RI Little, BJ AF Ray, Richard I. Little, Brenda J. TI Coating Performance in Duluth Superior Harbor-Part 1 SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Ray, Richard I.; Little, Brenda J.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Ray, RI (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7332, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ASSOC CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0094-1492 J9 MATER PERFORMANCE JI Mater. Perform. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 51 IS 9 BP 48 EP 51 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 003NK UT WOS:000308618400009 ER PT J AU Hite, J Twigg, M Mastro, M Freitas, J Meyer, J Vurgaftman, I O'Connor, S Condon, N Kub, F Bowman, S Eddy, C AF Hite, Jennifer Twigg, Mark Mastro, Michael Freitas, Jaime, Jr. Meyer, Jerry Vurgaftman, Igor O'Connor, Shawn Condon, Nicholas Kub, Fritz Bowman, Steven Eddy, Charles, Jr. TI Development of periodically oriented gallium nitride for non-linear optics [Invited] SO OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; THIN-FILMS; GAN; POLARITY; CRYSTALS; ALN AB Methods for growing periodically alternating polarities of GaN on GaN substrates have been developed. The resulting periodically oriented samples demonstrate feasibility of using this method to produce structures of utility in optical parametric generation. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Hite, Jennifer; Twigg, Mark; Mastro, Michael; Freitas, Jaime, Jr.; Meyer, Jerry; Vurgaftman, Igor; O'Connor, Shawn; Condon, Nicholas; Kub, Fritz; Bowman, Steven; Eddy, Charles, Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hite, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jennifer.hite@nrl.navy.mil RI Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported under the Office of Naval Research. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 18 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2159-3930 J9 OPT MATER EXPRESS JI Opt. Mater. Express PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 2 IS 9 BP 1203 EP 1208 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA 003GW UT WOS:000308598300003 ER PT J AU Forsberg, JA Healey, JH Brennan, MF AF Forsberg, Jonathan Agner Healey, John H. Brennan, Murray F. TI A Probabilistic Analysis of Completely Excised High-grade Soft Tissue Sarcomas of the Extremity: An Application of a Bayesian Belief Network SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; LOCAL RECURRENCE; NOMOGRAM; SURVIVAL; DEATH; RISK AB It is important to understand the relative importance of prognostic variables in patients with soft tissue sarcomas. The purpose of this study was to describe the hierarchical relationships between features inherent to completely excised, localized high-grade soft tissue sarcomas of the extremity and compare the associations to those previously reported. Data were collected from the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Sarcoma Database. All adult patients with high-grade extremity soft tissue sarcomas who underwent complete excision (R0 margins) at our institution between 1982 and 2010 were included in the analysis. Bayesian belief network (BBN) modeling software was used to develop a hierarchical network of features trained to estimate the likelihood of disease-specific survival. Important relationships depicted by the BBN model were compared to those previously reported. The records of 1318 consecutive patients met the inclusion criteria, and all were included in the analysis. First-degree associates of disease-specific survival were the primary tumor size; presence of and time to distant recurrence; and presence of and time to local recurrence. On cross-validation, the BBN model was sufficiently robust, with an area under the curve of 0.94 (95 % confidence interval 0.93-0.96). We successfully described the hierarchical relationships between features inherent to patients with completely excised high-grade soft tissue sarcomas of the extremity. The relationships defined by the BBN model were similar to those previously reported. Cross-validation results were encouraging, demonstrating that BBN modeling can be used to graphically illustrate the complex hierarchical relationships between prognostic features in this setting. C1 [Forsberg, Jonathan Agner] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Forsberg, Jonathan Agner] Karolinska Inst, Karolinska Univ Hosp, Sect Orthopaed & Sports Med, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Stockholm, Sweden. [Healey, John H.; Brennan, Murray F.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Healey, John H.; Brennan, Murray F.] Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Forsberg, JA (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM jaforsberg@me.com OI Brennan, Murray/0000-0003-2358-4371 FU U.S. National Cancer Institute [P01 CA047179]; Maynard Limb Preservation Fund FX We thank Lionel Santibanez for his superb editorial assistance, Mithat Gonen, PhD, for his timely statistical advice, and Nicole Moraco for helpful data assembly. Supported in part by the U.S. National Cancer Institute (Soft Tissue Sarcoma Program Project (grant P01 CA047179) and the Maynard Limb Preservation Fund. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 19 IS 9 BP 2992 EP 3001 DI 10.1245/s10434-012-2345-z PG 10 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 000AC UT WOS:000308357100030 PM 22526900 ER PT J AU Goolsby, R AF Goolsby, Rebecca TI Lifting elephants: from data to model SO COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL ORGANIZATION THEORY LA English DT Editorial Material DE Social media; Dynamic network analysis; Crisis management; Agent-based modeling; Social networks C1 Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Goolsby, R (reprint author), Off Naval Res, ONR 342,875 N Randolph St,Suite 1452, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. EM Rebecca_Goolsby@onr.navy.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-298X J9 COMPUT MATH ORGAN TH JI Comput. Math. Organ. Theory PD SEP PY 2012 VL 18 IS 3 SI SI BP 255 EP 256 DI 10.1007/s10588-012-9127-9 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 993TX UT WOS:000307883600001 ER PT J AU Mungan, CE AF Mungan, Carl E. TI Frictional torque on a rotating disc SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Resistance to motion often includes a dry frictional term independent of the speed of an object and a fluid drag term varying linearly with speed in the viscous limit. (At higher speeds, quadratic drag can also occur.) Here, measurements are performed for an aluminium disc mounted on bearings that is given an initial twist and allowed to spin until it comes to a stop. It is found that a sum of both the dry and fluid resistive terms are needed to accurately fit the entire data. However, the speed-independent term alone suffices over any suitably limited range of motion, permitting one to use the standard kinematic equations for constant angular acceleration. The measurements and theory are appropriate for an introductory physics laboratory at the college level. C1 USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mungan, CE (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM mungan@usna.edu NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0143-0807 J9 EUR J PHYS JI Eur. J. Phys. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 33 IS 5 BP 1119 EP 1123 DI 10.1088/0143-0807/33/5/1119 PG 5 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 989SB UT WOS:000307579500010 ER PT J AU King, CL AF King, Cynthia L. TI Reverse Outlining: A Method for Effective Revision of Document Structure SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article DE Comprehensive edit; document organization; document revision; reverse outline ID WRITING PERFORMANCE; STRATEGIES; STUDENTS AB Problem: One of the biggest problems with student and novice writing is that it often lacks clear organization and a coherent structure. However, it is difficult for newer writers to conceptualize a clear structure prior to writing a first draft. Thus, there is a need for an effective process to help writers revise early drafts with a particular focus on organizational clarity. Key concepts: Two concepts underlie this issue. The first is revision, which is the process of changing text to better achieve the writer's goals and serve the reader's needs. Two general categories of revision exist: a comprehensive edit (a thorough review of content, organization, visual design, style, illustrations, accessibility, and reuse to best serve readers) and a copyedit (a review of proper adherence to accepted language standards, which includes attention to grammar, spelling, punctuation, and sentence structure). The second is organizational structure (the arrangement and relationship of ideas), which is critical to help readers understand and use the information in the document. Key lessons: A reverse outline-a process that helps improve document structure and organization from an early draft-was developed to help writers make the organizational structure of an existing document to assess and improve the structure in a subsequent revision explicit. Reverse outlining has four steps: (1) identifying and listing discourse topics from a written draft, (2) arranging the discourse topics into an outline, (3) assessing the structure for appropriateness to audience and purpose, and (4) creating the new structure, modifying content where necessary, and adding headings, bullets, overview statements, and other advanced organizers. The reverse outlining process has been used extensively in the classroom and in the workplace. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP King, CL (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM clking@nps.edu NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0361-1434 J9 IEEE T PROF COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Prof. Commun. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 55 IS 3 BP 254 EP 261 DI 10.1109/TPC.2012.2207838 PG 8 WC Communication; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Communication; Engineering GA 995LI UT WOS:000308009200004 ER PT J AU Leski, T Vora, GJ Taitt, CR AF Leski, Tomasz Vora, Gary J. Taitt, Chris Rowe TI Multidrug resistance determinants from NDM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in the USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS LA English DT Letter C1 [Leski, Tomasz; Vora, Gary J.; Taitt, Chris Rowe] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Vora, GJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Bldg 30,Code 6910, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gary.vora@nrl.navy.mil RI Leski, Tomasz/K-6916-2013; OI Leski, Tomasz/0000-0001-7688-9887; Vora, Gary/0000-0002-0657-8597 NR 5 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-8579 J9 INT J ANTIMICROB AG JI Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents PD SEP PY 2012 VL 40 IS 3 BP 282 EP 284 DI 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.05.019 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 985YP UT WOS:000307306700020 PM 22817914 ER PT J AU Araya, F Dell, R Donoso, P Marianov, V Martinez, F Weintraub, A AF Araya, Fernando Dell, Robert Donoso, Pedro Marianov, Vladimir Martinez, Francisco Weintraub, Andres TI Optimizing location and size of rural schools in Chile SO INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS IN OPERATIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE location; rural schools; education policy ID SWITCHING CENTERS; FACILITIES; GRAPH AB The Chilean Ministry of Education oversees preschool, primary, and secondary education in both urban and rural areas. Many parts of Chile are sparsely populated and there are currently over 4,000 rural schools (almost 38% of all schools in Chile) educating 9.5% of the students in the country. Many of the rural schools are small with only one teacher responsible for instruction of all local students (multigrade schools). The geographical distribution of the rural schools has not been coordinated and this has resulted in unequal utilization of existing schools and some unreasonably long travel distances by students. Good management of the rural schools is fundamental to meeting Chile's goal of providing quality education to its citizens. Seeking to improve the situation, the Ministry of Education ordered a study of the optimal location and size of rural schools with the general goals of reducing the number of lesser quality multigrade schools and reducing student travel distances while maintaining reasonable costs. This paper presents results of this study obtained using an integer linear program that has been embedded in a geographical information system. We present computational results for the entire country. Recommendations include where to open new rural schools as well as where to expand, reduce, close, or leave unchanged existing schools. We show how recommendations are sensitive to key parameters such as the cost of transportation. C1 [Araya, Fernando] Univ Chile, Coll Phys Sci & Math, Grad Program, Santiago, Chile. [Dell, Robert] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA USA. [Donoso, Pedro; Martinez, Francisco] Univ Chile, Coll Phys Sci & Math, Dept Civil Engn, Santiago, Chile. [Marianov, Vladimir] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Elect Engn, Santiago, Chile. [Weintraub, Andres] Univ Chile, Coll Phys Sci & Math, Dept Ind Engn, Santiago, Chile. RP Araya, F (reprint author), Univ Chile, Coll Phys Sci & Math, Grad Program, Santiago, Chile. EM marianov@ing.puc.cl RI Marianov, Vladimir/D-1360-2011; Matrtinez, Francisco/M-2320-2016 OI Marianov, Vladimir/0000-0002-5343-0106; FU Institute for Complex Engineering Systems [ICM-MIDEPLAN, P-05-004-F]; CONICYT [FBO16]; FONDECYT [1100296] FX The authors thank the Chilean Ministry of Education for their support, as well as for giving us the opportunity of contributing with a new decision tool, which we hope will be useful in present and future decisions about school location. This work was in part supported by the Institute for Complex Engineering Systems, through grants ICM-MIDEPLAN, P-05-004-F, CONICYT FBO16 and FONDECYT GRANT 1100296. This support is gratefully acknowledged by Weintraub, Martinez, and Marianov. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0969-6016 EI 1475-3995 J9 INT T OPER RES JI Int. Trans. Oper. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 BP 695 EP 710 DI 10.1111/j.1475-3995.2012.00843.x PG 16 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 987AG UT WOS:000307388200005 ER PT J AU Keller, M Marvin, K Steele, C Figueiro, M Rea, M AF Keller, M. Marvin, K. Steele, C. Figueiro, M. Rea, M. TI At-sea trial of 24-h based submarine watchstanding schedules: implications for circadian rhythm management SO JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 21st Congress of the European-Sleep-Research-Society CY SEP 04-08, 2012 CL Paris, FRANCE SP European Sleep Res Soc C1 [Keller, M.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Marvin, K.] USN, Submarine Med Res Lab, Groton, CT USA. [Steele, C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Figueiro, M.; Rea, M.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1105 J9 J SLEEP RES JI J. Sleep Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 21 SU 1 SI SI BP 37 EP 37 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 994VV UT WOS:000307963200084 ER PT J AU Robertson, KL Liu, JL AF Robertson, Kelly L. Liu, Jinny L. TI Engineered viral nanoparticles for flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy applications SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID TOBACCO-MOSAIC-VIRUS; RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS; CHIMERIC ADENOVIRUS 5/F35; INTRACELLULAR TRAFFICKING; TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR; SURFACE MODIFICATION; MULTIVALENT DISPLAY; FOLATE RECEPTOR; CLICK CHEMISTRY; QUANTUM DOTS AB Viral nanoparticles (VNPs) are attractive platforms for use in the biotechnology and biomedical fields because of their biological nature. A wide variety of these particles, labeled with fluorescent reporters, have been characterized using flow cytometry and cellular imaging techniques. Fluorescence microscopy allows the direct observation of VNPs on the cell surface or inside the membrane as well as the cellular localization of the nanoparticles while flow cytometry allows the statistical quantification of nanoparticle uptake and targeting specificity. These techniques are essential when characterizing the properties of VNPs and provide information toward the use of VNPs for targeting, imaging, and/or cargo delivery. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2012, 4:511524. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1177 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. This article is a U.S. Government work, and as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America. C1 [Robertson, Kelly L.; Liu, Jinny L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Robertson, KL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kelly.robertson@nrl.navy.mil NR 73 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1939-5116 EI 1939-0041 J9 WIRES NANOMED NANOBI JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 4 IS 5 BP 511 EP 524 DI 10.1002/wnan.1177 PG 14 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 994MH UT WOS:000307934400003 PM 22700447 ER PT J AU Froehlich, B Livingston, MA AF Froehlich, Bernd Livingston, Mark A. TI A New Department: Spatial Interfaces SO IEEE COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Froehlich, Bernd] Bauhaus Univ Weimar, Weimar, Germany. [Livingston, Mark A.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Froehlich, B (reprint author), Bauhaus Univ Weimar, Weimar, Germany. EM bernd.froehlich@uni-weimar.de; mark.livingston@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0272-1716 J9 IEEE COMPUT GRAPH JI IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 32 IS 5 BP 3 EP 3 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 994DJ UT WOS:000307910800001 ER PT J AU Kammerer, PE Montiel, S Kriner, P Bojorquez, I Ramirez, VB Vazquez-Erlbeck, M Azziz-Baumgartner, E Blair, PJ AF Kammerer, Peter E. Montiel, Sonia Kriner, Paula Bojorquez, Ietza Bejarano Ramirez, Veronica Vazquez-Erlbeck, Martha Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo Blair, Patrick J. TI Influenza-like illness surveillance on the California-Mexico border, 2004-2009 SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Bacterial infections; human; influenza; respiratory tract infections; sentinel surveillance ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TRACT INFECTIONS; CLINICAL-SAMPLES; CHILDREN; DISEASE; US; IMPACT; IDENTIFICATION; ADENOVIRUSES AB Background Since 2004, the Naval Health Research Center, with San Diego and Imperial counties, has collaborated with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to conduct respiratory disease surveillance in the US-Mexico border region. In 2007, the Secretariat of Health, Mexico and the Institute of Public Health of Baja California joined the collaboration. Objectives The identification of circulating respiratory pathogens in respiratory specimens from patients with influenza-like illness (ILI). Methods Demographic, symptom information and respiratory swabs were collected from enrollees who met the case definition for ILI. Specimens underwent PCR testing and culture in virology and bacteriology. Results From 2004 through 2009, 1855 persons were sampled. Overall, 36% of the participants had a pathogen identified. The most frequent pathogen was influenza (25%), with those aged 615 years the most frequently affected. In April 2009, a young female participant from Imperial County, California, was among the first documented cases of 2009 H1N1. Additional pathogens included influenza B, adenovirus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, enterovirus, herpes simplex virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pyogenes. Conclusions The US-Mexico border is one of the busiest in the world, with a large number of daily crossings. Due to its traffic, this area is an ideal location for surveillance sites. We identified a pathogen in 36% of the specimens tested, with influenza A the most common pathogen. A number of other viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens were identified. An understanding of the incidence of respiratory pathogens in border populations is useful for development of regional vaccination and disease prevention responses. C1 [Kammerer, Peter E.] USN, Dept Resp Dis Res, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Montiel, Sonia; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bojorquez, Ietza] Colegio Frontera Norte, Dept Populat Studies, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico. RP Kammerer, PE (reprint author), USN, Dept Resp Dis Res, Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM peter.kammerer@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU Department of Defense [60501]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System; US Department of State Biosecurity Engagement Program FX We thank Melinda Balansay, Daisy Cabrera, Rob Coon, Christian Hansen, Karen Ferran, Akiko Kimura, Angelica Pon, and the staffs of participating county and jurisdictional health departments and clinics. This represents report 11-15, supported by the Department of Defense, under work unit no. 60501. This study was also funded by grants from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, and the US Department of State Biosecurity Engagement Program. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, the US Government, or the CDC. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing protection of human subjects in research. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD SEP PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 358 EP 366 DI 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00316.x PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 989KR UT WOS:000307559200008 PM 22212638 ER PT J AU Barrett, BS Fitzmaurice, SJ Pritchard, SR AF Barrett, Bradford S. Fitzmaurice, Sean J. Pritchard, Sarah R. TI Intraseasonal variability of surface ozone in Santiago, Chile: Modulation by phase of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Surface ozone; Intraseasonal; Santiago; Madden-Julian Oscillation ID CIRCULATION; ATMOSPHERE; AIR; DEPTH; WIND; FLOW AB In Santiago, Chile, summertime surface ozone (O-3) concentrations regularly exceed local and international health thresholds due to high antecedent pollutants, frequent clear skies, and warm surface air temperatures. However, few (if any) studies exist that have examined the intraseasonal variability of surface O-3 or its modulation by phase of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to investigate the intraseasonal variability of surface O-3 and the meteorological parameters known to affect O-3 concentrations during summer months in Santiago, and connect any observed variability to phase of the MJO. Ozone concentrations at seven stations in the Chilean National Air Quality Information System (SINCA), along with upper-air, surface, and reanalysis data, were used to create composites for each phase of the MJO. Results confirm that for the Santiago metropolitan region, both maximum daily O-3 concentrations, as well as the diurnal cycle of O-3, depend on MJO Phase. Ozone concentrations were highest during Phases 5 and 6 and lowest during Phases 1 and 2. Cloud cover anomalies best agreed with this pattern of O-3 variability, with low (high) cloud cover anomalies occurring during days with high (low) ozone. Surface temperature and strength and height of the lower-troposphere temperature inversion had similar, but less pronounced, connections to O-3, with slightly warmer surface temperatures and stronger inversions closer to the ground occurring on days with higher O-3. Wind velocity was found to vary little between days with low and high ozone. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Barrett, Bradford S.; Pritchard, Sarah R.] USN Acad, Dept Oceanog, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. [Fitzmaurice, Sean J.] Naval Nucl Power Training Command, Charleston, SC USA. RP Barrett, BS (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Oceanog, 572C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. EM bbarrett@usna.edu FU U.S. Naval Academy Research Council (NARC) FX We would like to thank the U.S. Naval Academy Research Council (NARC) for financial support for this investigation. Additionally, NCEP Reanalysis 2 data was provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA, from their Web site at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their comments to improve the manuscript. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 57 BP 55 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.04.040 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 983SX UT WOS:000307140100008 ER PT J AU Gao, JQ Wang, ZG Shen, Y Li, MH Wang, YJ Finkel, P Li, JF Viehland, D AF Gao, Junqi Wang, Zhiguang Shen, Ying Li, Menghui Wang, Yaojin Finkel, Peter Li, Jiefang Viehland, D. TI Self-powered low noise magnetic sensor SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Ceramics; Magnetic sensor ID LAMINATE COMPOSITES AB In this letter, we present a self-powered magnetic sensor based on Metglas/Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) laminates which has an extremely low equivalent magnetic noise in the quasi-static frequency range of f<100 Hz. The magnetic noise density was only 7 pT/root Hz at 1 Hz and less than 2 pT/root Hz for 10 Hz 23.1 m s(-1)) and 41 points for weak storms around each cyclone center to supplement the observations used by the analysis. Secondly, a vortex relocation method for nested grids is developed to correct the cyclone position in the background fields of the analysis for each nested mesh. Lastly, the 3DVAR analysis is modified to gradually reduce the horizontal length scale and geostrophic coupling constraint near the center of a tropical cyclone for minimizing the problems introduced by improper covariances and coupling constraint used in the analysis. The synthetic observations significantly improve the intensity and structure of the analysis and the track forecast. The vortex relocation significantly improves the first guess background, avoiding the large analysis corrections that would be needed to correct cyclone position, and reducing the imbalance introduced by such large analysis increments. The modifications to the analysis length scale and geostrophic coupling constraint successfully improve the inner core analysis, providing a tighter circulation, and reducing the underestimate of the mass field gradient. Among the three upgrades, the vortex relocation provides the largest improvement to the tropical cyclone initialization and forecast. C1 [Liou, Chi-Sann; Sashegyi, Keith D.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Liou, CS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM liou@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [PE-0602435 N] FX This research is supported by the Office of Naval Research through program PE-0602435 N. We benefit from the discussions with the rest of COAMPS-TC development team members, especially Drs. James Doyle and Richard Hodur. We also appreciate comments and suggestions from two anonymous reviewers. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0921-030X J9 NAT HAZARDS JI Nat. Hazards PD SEP PY 2012 VL 63 IS 3 BP 1375 EP 1391 DI 10.1007/s11069-011-9838-0 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 976MS UT WOS:000306589500006 ER PT J AU Briggs, B Dickerman, JD AF Briggs, Benjamin Dickerman, Joseph D. TI Bleeding disorders in Noonan Syndrome SO PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER LA English DT Letter ID VON-WILLEBRAND-DISEASE; PLATELET-FUNCTION C1 [Briggs, Benjamin] USN, LT MC, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Dickerman, Joseph D.] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Briggs, B (reprint author), USN, LT MC, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. EM benjamin.briggs@med.navy.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 1545-5009 J9 PEDIATR BLOOD CANCER JI Pediatr. Blood Cancer PD SEP PY 2012 VL 59 IS 3 BP 593 EP 593 DI 10.1002/pbc.24150 PG 1 WC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics SC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics GA 972XJ UT WOS:000306314400038 ER PT J AU Rao, SM AF Rao, Sadasiva M. TI A new iterative method to solve the method of moments based electromagnetic field problems SO MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE method of moments; mumerical methods; electromagnetics; integral equations; iterative methods AB In this work, we present a new iterative method to solve electromagnetic field problems using the method of moments formulation.The new method requires much fewer mathematical operations per iteration when compared to other available methods. Further, the method can easily handle multiple right-hand side vectors much the same way as direct solution techniques. Several numerical examples are presented to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the new method. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2042-2046, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27023 C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rao, SM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Code 5314, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM sadasiva.rao@nrl.navy.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0895-2477 J9 MICROW OPT TECHN LET JI Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 54 IS 9 BP 2042 EP 2046 DI 10.1002/mop.27023 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA 960LN UT WOS:000305389600009 ER PT J AU Dasgupta, N Sorge, E Butler, B Wen, TC Shetty, DK Cambrea, LR Harris, DC AF Dasgupta, Niladri Soerge, Erinn Butler, Bruce Wen, Tzu-Chien Shetty, Dinesh K. Cambrea, Lee R. Harris, Daniel C. TI Synthesis and characterization of Al2-xScx(WO4)(3) ceramics for low-expansion infrared-transmitting windows SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE THERMAL-EXPANSION; TUNGSTATE SOLID-SOLUTION; SCHEELITE-TYPE COMPOUNDS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; POWDER DIFFRACTION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; MOLYBDATES; ASSIGNMENTS; TRANSITION AB A low thermal-expansion material was synthesized with potential application in thermal-shock-resistant infrared-transmitting windows. The material is derived from a solid solution of Al-2(WO4)(3), which has positive thermal expansion, and Sc-2(WO4)(3) with a negative thermal expansion. An optimum composition of Al0.5Sc1.5(WO4)(3) was identified by synthesizing solid solutions, Al2-x Sc (x) (WO4)(3), by a solid-state route with compositions ranging from x = 0 to 2.0. A single orthorhombic phase was obtained at all compositions. A composition corresponding to x = 1.5 had a low coefficient of thermal expansion of -0.15 x 10(-6)/A degrees C in the temperature range 25-700 A degrees C. A low temperature solution combustion process was developed for this optimum composition, resulting in a single-phase powder with a surface area of similar to 4 m(2)/g and average particle size (as determined from surface area) of 92 nm. The powder was consolidated by slip-casting, sintering, and hot-isostatic pressing into visibly translucent disks with a peak in-line transmittance of 73 % at 2300 cm(-1). Significant infrared absorption in a 1-mm-thick disk of this material begins near 2200 cm(-1) and features three absorptions arising from 2-phonon transitions at 2002, 1847, and 1676 cm(-1). The infrared and Raman spectra are interpreted in terms of 1-, 2-, and 3-phonon vibrational transitions. C1 [Dasgupta, Niladri; Soerge, Erinn; Butler, Bruce] Mat & Syst Res Inc, Salt Lake City, UT 84104 USA. [Wen, Tzu-Chien; Shetty, Dinesh K.] Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Cambrea, Lee R.; Harris, Daniel C.] USN, Air Syst Command, Res Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Dasgupta, N (reprint author), St Gobain, NRDC, 9 Goddard Rd, Northborough, MA 01532 USA. EM n_dasgupta2004@yahoo.com OI Shetty, Dinesh/0000-0003-4132-1372 NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 47 IS 17 BP 6286 EP 6296 DI 10.1007/s10853-012-6548-2 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 958JQ UT WOS:000305233200011 ER PT J AU Jayaprakash, A Choi, JK Chahine, GL Martin, F Donnelly, M Franc, JP Karimi, A AF Jayaprakash, Arvind Choi, Jin-Keun Chahine, Georges L. Martin, Farrel Donnelly, Martin Franc, Jean-Pierre Karimi, Ayat TI Scaling study of cavitation pitting from cavitating jets and ultrasonic horns SO WEAR LA English DT Article DE Cavitation erosion; Erosion testing; Pitting tests; Steel; Nonferrous metals ID BUBBLE COLLAPSE; EROSION; BOUNDARY; DAMAGE AB Cavitation erosion prediction and characterization of cavitation field strength are of interest to industries suffering from cavitation erosion detrimental effects. One means to evaluate cavitation fields and materials is to examine pitting rates during the incubation period, where the test sample undergoes localized permanent deformations shaped as individual pits. In this study, samples from three metallic materials, an Aluminum alloy (Al 7075), a Nickel Aluminum Bronze (NAB) and a Duplex Stainless Steel (SS A2205) were subjected to a vast range of cavitation intensities generated by cavitating jets at different driving pressures and by an ultrasonic horn. The resulting pitted sample surfaces were examined and characterized with a non-contact 3D optical scanner and the resulting damage computer-analyzed. A statistical analysis of the pit population and its characteristics was then carried out. It was found that the various cavitation field strengths can be correlated to the measured pit distributions and that two characteristic quantities: a characteristic number of pits per unit surface area and unit time, and a characteristic pit diameter or a characteristic pit depth can be attributed to a given "cavitation intensity level". This characterization concept can be used in the future to study the cavitation intensity of the full scale and to develop methods of full scale predictions based on model scale erosion data. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jayaprakash, Arvind; Choi, Jin-Keun; Chahine, Georges L.] DYNAFLOW INC, Jessup, MD USA. [Martin, Farrel] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Donnelly, Martin] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Franc, Jean-Pierre] Grenoble Univ, LEGI, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France. [Karimi, Ayat] Swiss Fed Inst Technol EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Choi, JK (reprint author), DYNAFLOW INC, 10621-J Iron Bridge Rd, Jessup, MD USA. EM jkchoi@dynaflow-inc.com; farrel.martin@nrl.navy.mil; martin.donnelly@navy.mil; Jean-Pierre.Franc@legi.grenoble-inp.fr; ayat.karimi@epfl.ch OI chahine, georges/0000-0003-1610-3314; Choi, Jin-Keun/0000-0002-5086-7345 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-08-C-0450] FX Support for this work was provided by Office of Naval Research (ONR) under contract number N00014-08-C-0450, monitored by Dr. Ki-Han Kim. We would also like to thank many colleagues at Dynaflow for their contributions, comments, and useful discussions; most especially we would like to thank Mr. Patrick Aley, Mr. Emmanuel Coleman, and Mr. Cesar Sanchez for spending many hours using their skills to conduct the tests and making careful measurements and photography. NR 38 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD AUG 30 PY 2012 VL 296 IS 1-2 BP 619 EP 629 DI 10.1016/j.wear.2012.07.025 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 073RF UT WOS:000313759500019 ER PT J AU Ganguli, G Rudakov, L Crabtree, C Mithaiwala, M AF Ganguli, Gurudas Rudakov, Leonid Crabtree, Christopher Mithaiwala, Manish TI Multi-pass whistler gain in a magnetospheric cavity due to induced nonlinear scattering SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PLASMASPHERIC HISS; SLOT REGION; BELT; ORIGIN AB Multi-pass gain in whistler energy is possible in the radiation belts if the wave amplitude is sufficiently large. Large amplitude magnetospherically reflected whistlers can induce nonlinear scattering and form a magnetospheric cavity filled with nearly isotropic spectrum of wave vectors perpendicular to the magnetic field with low obliqueness. This increases the wave-particle resonance time and maintains a large pitch angle scattering rate. Enhanced pitch angle scattering and precipitation of trapped electrons into the radiation belt loss cone provides a proportionate gain in the whistler energy. Citation: Ganguli, G., L. Rudakov, C. Crabtree, and M. Mithaiwala (2012), Multi-pass whistler gain in a magnetospheric cavity due to induced nonlinear scattering, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L16105, doi:10.1029/2012GL052942. C1 [Ganguli, Gurudas; Crabtree, Christopher; Mithaiwala, Manish] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rudakov, Leonid] Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Ganguli, G (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gurudas.ganguli@nrl.navy.mil OI Crabtree, Christopher/0000-0002-6682-9992 FU Naval Research Laboratory Base Program; DTRA FX This work was supported by Naval Research Laboratory Base Program and DTRA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 30 PY 2012 VL 39 AR L16105 DI 10.1029/2012GL052942 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 999KA UT WOS:000308309000003 ER PT J AU Korovina, A Garsany, Y Epshteyn, A Purdy, AP More, K Swider-Lyons, KE Ramaker, DE AF Korovina, Anna Garsany, Yannick Epshteyn, Albert Purdy, Andrew P. More, Karren Swider-Lyons, Karen E. Ramaker, David E. TI Understanding Oxygen Reduction on Tantalum Oxyphosphate and Tantalum Oxide Supported Platinum by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; FUEL-CELL; ADSORPTION SITES; METAL-CATALYSTS; IN-SITU; HYDROGEN; ELECTROCATALYSTS; PT(111); ELECTRODES; INTERFACE AB The Pt activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is improved when Pt nanoparticles are supported on nanoscale layers of tantalum oxyphosphate (nominally, TaOPO4) on Vulcan carbon (VC) and heated at high temperature (660 C) in reducing conditions. We attempt to explain the increased activity of the Pt-TaOPO4/VC "HT" by comparison to other less-active electrocatalysts comprising Pt on tantalum oxide (Pt-Ta2O5/VC) and Pt-TaOPO4/VC heated to 200 degrees C in air. Our toolbox for this analysis contains the rotating disk electrode methodology for characterization of the ORR and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy with high-resolution energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) capabilities. The adsorption of molecular species on the Pt and Ta is determined from the Delta mu XANES (X-ray absorption near-edge structure) adsorbate isolation technique of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data for electrocatalsyts in situ, whereby H and OH adsorption products from water activation can be used to infer how an e lectrocatalyst would react for oxygen reduction. The Delta mu XANES analysis at the Pt L-2 edge suggests that interfacial hydrogen xists between the Pt and the support for Pt-Ta2O5/VC and Pt-TaOPO4/VC "HT" at potentials > 0.3 V vs RHE even after surface H is removed. More importantly, in the most active sample, Pt-TaOPO4/VC "HT", the onset potential for O(H) adsorption is highest in the Delta mu XANES. The XAS and microscopy/EDS results show that the Pt-TaOPO4/VC "HT" is Pt-Ta2O5/VC with polyphosphate groups directly associated with the Pt. From the body of results, we surmise that the nanoscale ILyer of polyphosphate on the Pt-TaOPO4/VC "HT" facilitates proton conduction to the Pt particles and hence moves the quilibrium for OH adsorption on the Pt to higher potentials. C1 [Korovina, Anna; Ramaker, David E.] George Washington Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Garsany, Yannick] Excet Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. [Epshteyn, Albert; Purdy, Andrew P.; Swider-Lyons, Karen E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [More, Karren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ramaker, DE (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM ramaker@gwu.edu RI More, Karren/A-8097-2016 OI More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097 FU Office of Naval Research; U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Material Sciences and Division of Chemical Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Naval Research Laboratory; Fuel Cell Technologies Program, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, the U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX We are grateful to the Office of Naval Research for support of this research. The synchrotron measurements were successful due to the help of Dr. Kumi Pandya. The National Synchrotron Light Source is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Material Sciences and Division of Chemical Sciences, under contract number DE-AC02-98CH10886. The X11 beamline is supported by the Naval Research Laboratory and contributions from Participating Research Team (PRT) members. Microscopy is supported by the Fuel Cell Technologies Program, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, the U.S. Department of Energy, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Facility, which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 51 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 66 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD AUG 30 PY 2012 VL 116 IS 34 BP 18175 EP 18183 DI 10.1021/jp302023h PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 996UJ UT WOS:000308120000023 ER PT J AU Marras, S Kelly, JF Giraldo, FX Vazquez, M AF Marras, S. Kelly, J. F. Giraldo, F. X. Vazquez, M. TI Variational multiscale stabilization of high-order spectral elements for the advection-diffusion equation SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Spectral elements; High-order methods; Variational multiscale stabilization (VMS); Advection-diffusion; Numerical weather prediction; First-Order Subcells (FOS) method; Monotonic schemes ID COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; DIMINISHING SOLD METHODS; BUBBLE FUNCTIONS; SPURIOUS OSCILLATIONS; INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; ATMOSPHERIC MODELS; COMPRESSIBLE EULER; FINITE-ELEMENTS; GALERKIN METHOD AB One major issue in the accurate solution of advection-dominated problems by means of high-order methods is the ability of the solver to maintain monotonicity. This problem is critical for spectral elements, where Gibbs oscillations may pollute the solution. However, typical filter-based stabilization techniques used with spectral elements are not monotone. In this paper, residual-based stabilization methods originally derived for finite elements are constructed and applied to high-order spectral elements. In particular, we show that the use of the variational multiscale (VMS) method greatly improves the solution of the transport-diffusion equation by reducing over-and under-shoots, and can be therefore considered an alternative to filter-based schemes. We also combine these methods with discontinuity capturing schemes (DC) to suppress oscillations that may occur in proximity of boundaries or internal layers. Additional improvement in the solution is also obtained when a method that we call FOS (for First-Order Subcells) is used in combination with VMS and DC. In the regions where discontinuities occur, FOS subdivides a spectral element of order p into p(2) subcells and then uses 1st-order basis functions and integration rules on every subcell of the element. The algorithms are assessed with the solution of classical steady and transient 1D, 2D, and pseudo-3D problems using spectral elements up to order 16. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Marras, S.; Vazquez, M.] Barcelona Supercomp Ctr BSC CNS, Barcelona, Spain. [Kelly, J. F.; Giraldo, F. X.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Vazquez, M.] IIIA CSIC, Bellaterra, Spain. RP Marras, S (reprint author), Barcelona Supercomp Ctr, CASE, C Jordi Girona 29, Barcelona 08034, Spain. EM simone.marras@bsc.es RI Marras, Simone/F-2018-2014; Vazquez, Mariano/A-7416-2016; Marras, Simone/K-9155-2016 OI Marras, Simone/0000-0002-7498-049X; Vazquez, Mariano/0000-0002-2526-6708; Marras, Simone/0000-0002-7498-049X FU Office of Naval Research Global (ONRG) [N62909-09-1-4083]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) [PE-0602435N]; National Research Council (NRC) FX S.M. and F. X. G. gratefully acknowledge the support of the Office of Naval Research Global (ONRG) that provided support for S. M. through the Visiting Scientist Program with Grant N62909-09-1-4083. The work of F. X. G. and J.F.K. was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through Grant PE-0602435N. J.F.K. is supported by the National Research Council (NRC). Discussions on VMS with Guillaume Houzeaux, support by Shiva Gopalakrishnan with runs on the cluster at NPS, and comments by Luca Bonaventura on the manuscript are greatly appreciated. The authors are thankful to an anonymous reviewer for his remarks and suggestions on mass conservation. NR 68 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD AUG 30 PY 2012 VL 231 IS 21 BP 7187 EP 7213 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2012.06.028 PG 27 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 996EJ UT WOS:000308067000011 ER PT J AU Etz, C Maznichenko, IV Bottcher, D Henk, J Yaresko, AN Hergert, W Mazin, II Mertig, I Ernst, A AF Etz, C. Maznichenko, I. V. Boettcher, D. Henk, J. Yaresko, A. N. Hergert, W. Mazin, I. I. Mertig, I. Ernst, A. TI Indications of weak electronic correlations in SrRuO3 from first-principles calculations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; DIFFRACTION AB We provide, by a detailed first-principles investigation, evidence for weak electronic correlations in SrRuO3. The magnetism in SrRuO3, in terms of the equilibrium magnetization and critical temperature, is well described by the generalized gradient approximation. Including Hubbard-type correlations results in worse agreement with experiment. C1 [Etz, C.; Boettcher, D.; Mertig, I.; Ernst, A.] Max Planck Inst Mikrostrukturphys, D-06120 Halle, Germany. [Etz, C.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Maznichenko, I. V.; Henk, J.; Hergert, W.; Mertig, I.] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Phys, D-06099 Halle, Germany. [Yaresko, A. N.] Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Mazin, I. I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Etz, C (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Mikrostrukturphys, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany. RI Maznichenko, Igor/I-5982-2012; Ernst, Arthur/K-1836-2012; Mazin, Igor/B-6576-2008; Etz, Corina/E-3112-2014 FU DFG within Collaborative Research Center [SFB 762] FX This work was supported by the DFG within the Collaborative Research Center SFB 762 "Functionality of Oxide Inter-faces." The calculations were performed at the Rechenzentrum Garching of the Max Planck Society (Germany). NR 30 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 30 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 6 AR 064441 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.064441 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 996XL UT WOS:000308128000003 ER PT J AU Solenov, D Velizhanin, KA AF Solenov, Dmitry Velizhanin, Kirill A. TI Adsorbate Transport on Graphene by Electromigration SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONALIZATION AB Chemical functionalization of graphene holds promise for various applications ranging from nanoelectronics to catalysis, drug delivery, and nanoassembly. In many applications it is important to be able to transport adsorbates on graphene in real time. We propose to use electromigration to drive the adsorbate transport across the graphene sheet. To assess the efficiency of electromigration, we develop a tight-binding model of electromigration of an adsorbate on graphene and obtain simple analytical expressions for different contributions to the electromigration force. Using experimentally accessible parameters of realistic graphene-based devices as well as electronic structure theory calculations to parametrize the developed model, we argue that electromigration on graphene can be efficient. As an example, we show that the drift velocity of atomic oxygen covalently bound to graphene can reach similar to 1 cm/s. C1 [Solenov, Dmitry] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Velizhanin, Kirill A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Velizhanin, Kirill A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Solenov, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM d.solenov@gmail.com; kirill@lanl.gov RI Solenov, Dmitry/H-6250-2012; Velizhanin, Kirill/C-4835-2008 FU NNSA of the U.S. DOE at LANL [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; ONR; NAS/LPS FX We thank Sergei Tretiak and Sergei Ivanov for consulting on the electronic structure theory calculations. We also acknowledge valuable discussions with Ivar Martin, Tom Reinecke, and Chad Junkermeier. This work was performed under the NNSA of the U.S. DOE at LANL under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396, and, in part, by ONR and NAS/LPS. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 32 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 30 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 9 AR 095504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.095504 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 996ZV UT WOS:000308134400008 PM 23002848 ER PT J AU Sutto, TE Duncan, TT AF Sutto, Thomas E. Duncan, Teresa T. TI The intercalation behavior of ionic liquids in the layered metal dichalcogenide TiS2 SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Ionic liquids; Intercalation; Titanium disulfide ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; IMIDAZOLIUM SALTS; NANOCOMPOSITES; GRAPHITE; MONTMORILLONITE AB The intercalation of the layered dichalcogenide TiS2 by a series of substituted imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids was undertaken in order to determine the utility of ionic liquids as surfactants for exfoliating these layered metals. The ionic liquids were a series of straight chain substituted imidazoliums, 1,2-dimethyl-3-R-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate, where R = propyl, butyl, decyl or hexadecyl. Three different types of intercalation reactions were performed: electrochemically-induced intercalation, solution reactions in which the ionic liquid was dissolved in acetonitrile, and direct thermal reaction of the ionic liquid with the metal dichalcogenide. Results indicated ordered, first stage intercalation of the metal dichalcogenide for only the thermal reactions. Based on X-ray analysis of the interlayer distances, the planes of the propyl- and butyl-substituted imidazolium rings were arranged perpendicular to the a-b plane in a single layer, with the side chains parallel to the a-b plane. However, both the decyl- and hexadecyl-substituted imidazoliums were oriented with the plane of the imidazolium ring and the side chains perpendicular to the a-b plane. The decyl-substituted imidazoliums were oriented as a single layer within the TiS2 van der Waals gap, but the hexadecyl-substituted imidazoliums were arranged in a bi-layer between the TiS2 sheets, giving rise to a c-axis expansion of over 49 angstrom. Results indicate that the best surfactants for exfoliating the dichalcogenide to create nanocomposites of the dichalcogenides would be either the decyl- or hexadecyl-substituted imidazoliums. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sutto, Thomas E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Duncan, Teresa T.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Sutto, TE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6364,Bldg 3,Rm 225,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM thomas.sutto@nrl.navy.mil NR 15 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 81 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD AUG 30 PY 2012 VL 77 BP 204 EP 211 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.05.104 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 983PN UT WOS:000307131300030 ER PT J AU Lu, D Nikas, SP Han, XW Parrish, DA Makriyannis, A AF Lu, Dai Nikas, Spyros P. Han, Xiu-Wen Parrish, Damon A. Makriyannis, Alexandros TI Synthesis and characterization of a compact tricyclic resorcinol from (+)- and (-)-3-pinanol SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article DE 3-Pinanol; Resorcinol; Cannabinoids ID CANNABINOID RECEPTOR PROBES; ALPHA-PINENE; ADAMANTYL CANNABINOIDS; SIDE-CHAIN; LIGANDS; REQUIREMENTS; HYDRATION; ACIDS AB Resorcinol derivatives are important building blocks in the synthesis of natural products and pharmaceutical compounds including cannabinoids. Here we describe the synthesis and the structural characterization of a key resorcinol which carries a fully restricted bridged bicyclic group. We also report a potential mechanism for the acid catalyzed condensation of (+)- or (-)-3-pinanol with 2,6-dimethoxyphenol. The synthesized resorcinol facilitates the development of novel conformationally restricted cannabinoid analogs. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lu, Dai; Nikas, Spyros P.; Han, Xiu-Wen; Makriyannis, Alexandros] Northeastern Univ, Ctr Drug Discovery, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Makriyannis, A (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Ctr Drug Discovery, 360 Huntington Ave,116 Mugar Life Sci Bldg, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM a.makriyannis@neu.edu FU National Institute on Drug Abuse [DA009158, DA003801, DA007215] FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, DA009158, DA003801, and DA007215. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD AUG 29 PY 2012 VL 53 IS 35 BP 4636 EP 4638 DI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.05.165 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 989ZR UT WOS:000307601300002 PM 24052669 ER PT J AU Crabtree, C Rudakov, L Ganguli, G Mithaiwala, M AF Crabtree, C. Rudakov, L. Ganguli, G. Mithaiwala, M. TI Collisionless and collisional dissipation of magnetospherically reflecting whistler waves SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID IONS AB In this letter we consider the dissipation of magnetospherically reflecting whistler waves from both ionospheric sources and from sources outside the plasmasphere such as chorus. We use a simple spatially dependent model of the suprathermal electron population, a standard cold plasma density model based on a diffusive equilibrium, and a range of plasmaspheric temperatures to demonstrate that the often-ignored (electron-ion) collisional damping is usually at least the same order of magnitude and often an order of magnitude larger than the dissipation due to collisionless damping (Landau and transit-time). Furthermore the collisional damping is sensitive to the cold plasmaspheric temperature, which depends on location (night/day-side) and solar conditions. These results indicate that accurate spatially dependent models of plasmaspheric temperatures as well as suprathermal electron fluxes are necessary for modeling the dissipation of magnetospherically reflecting whistler waves. Citation: Crabtree, C., L. Rudakov, G. Ganguli, and M. Mithaiwala (2012), Collisionless and collisional dissipation of magnetospherically reflecting whistler waves, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L16103, doi:10.1029/2012GL052921. C1 [Crabtree, C.; Ganguli, G.; Mithaiwala, M.] USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rudakov, L.] Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Crabtree, C (reprint author), USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM chris.crabtree@nrl.navy.mil OI Crabtree, Christopher/0000-0002-6682-9992 FU Naval Research Laboratory Base program FX This work is supported by the Naval Research Laboratory Base program. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 29 PY 2012 VL 39 AR L16103 DI 10.1029/2012GL052921 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 999JZ UT WOS:000308308800006 ER PT J AU Willauer, HD DiMascio, F Hardy, DR Lewis, MK Williams, FW AF Willauer, Heather D. DiMascio, Felice Hardy, Dennis R. Lewis, M. Kathleen Williams, Frederick W. TI Development of an Electrochemical Acidification Cell for the Recovery of CO2 and H-2 from Seawater II. Evaluation of the Cell by Natural Seawater SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GAS-PERMEABLE MEMBRANES; CARBON-DIOXIDE; DESALINATION PLANTS; PHASE-TRANSITION; SYSTEM; PRESSURE; ELECTRODEIONIZATION; PARAMETERS; SOLUBILITY AB A novel electrochemical acidification process has been developed in a successful feasibility attempt to extract large quantities of CO2 in the form of bicarbonate and carbonate from seawater for potential use as a source of carbon for hydrocarbon production at sea. This indirect approach acidifies seawater by the electrolytic production of acid. Lowering seawater pH was found to be proportional to the applied current to the cell. Spontaneous degassing and recovery of CO2 below pH 4.5 was reduced from 92% in synthetic seawater to 30% in natural seawater. The effects of increased operational time, flow rate, current, and natural seawater's complex equilibrium buffer on process performance and CO2 recovery have been shown to be essential for further improvements in future cell design, efficiency, and scale-up. C1 [Willauer, Heather D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [DiMascio, Felice; Lewis, M. Kathleen] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Hardy, Dennis R.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Lewis, M. Kathleen] Luzerne Cty Community Coll, Nanticoke, PA 18634 USA. [Williams, Frederick W.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Willauer, HD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Code 6300-2,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Heather.Willauer@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research both directly and through the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD AUG 29 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 34 BP 11254 EP 11260 DI 10.1021/ie301006y PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 995VY UT WOS:000308043500031 ER PT J AU Dermer, CD AF Dermer, Charles D. TI Diffuse Galactic Gamma Rays from Shock-Accelerated Cosmic Rays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERNOVA REMNANT W44; P-P INTERACTION; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; HIGH-ENERGY; FERMI LAT; ASTRONOMICAL ENVIRONMENTS; ASTROPHYSICAL SHOCKS; SPECTRUM; EMISSION; PARAMETERIZATION AB A shock-accelerated particle flux proportional to p(-s), where p is the particle momentum, follows from simple theoretical considerations of cosmic-ray acceleration at nonrelativistic shocks followed by rigidity-dependent escape into the Galactic halo. A flux of shock-accelerated cosmic-ray protons with s approximate to 2.8 provides an adequate fit to the Fermi Large Area Telescope gamma-ray emission spectra of high-latitude and molecular cloud gas when uncertainties in nuclear production models are considered. A break in the spectrum of cosmic-ray protons claimed by Neronov, Semikoz, and Taylor [Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 051105 (2012)] when fitting the gamma-ray spectra of high-latitude molecular clouds is a consequence of using a cosmic-ray proton flux described by a power law in kinetic energy. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dermer, CD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7653, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM charles.dermer@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; NASA through the Fermi Guest Investigator program FX The author thanks A. Atoyan, J. D. Finke, J. Hewitt, R. J. Murphy, and S. Razzaque for discussions and Professor T. Kamae for supplying his secondary nuclear production code. I would also like to thank A. Strong for many interesting and useful comments and I. Moskalenko and T. Porter for pertinent remarks. This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research and NASA through the Fermi Guest Investigator program. NR 56 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 29 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 9 AR 091101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.091101 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 996ZR UT WOS:000308134000002 PM 23002818 ER PT J AU Lindsay, L Broido, DA Reinecke, TL AF Lindsay, L. Broido, D. A. Reinecke, T. L. TI Thermal Conductivity and Large Isotope Effect in GaN from First Principles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING; NITRIDES; GRAPHENE; DIAMOND; DEVICES; PBTE AB We present atomistic first principles results for the lattice thermal conductivity of GaN and compare them to those for GaP, GaAs, and GaSb. In GaN we find a large increase to the thermal conductivity with isotopic enrichment, similar to 65% at room temperature. We show that both the high thermal conductivity and its enhancement with isotopic enrichment in GaN arise from the weak coupling of heat-carrying acoustic phonons with optic phonons. This weak scattering results from stiff atomic bonds and the large Ga to N mass ratio, which give phonons high frequencies and also a pronounced energy gap between acoustic and optic phonons compared to other materials. Rigorous understanding of these features in GaN gives important insights into the interplay between intrinsic phonon-phonon scattering and isotopic scattering in a range of materials. C1 [Lindsay, L.; Reinecke, T. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Broido, D. A.] Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. RP Lindsay, L (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Lindsay, Lucas/C-9221-2012 OI Lindsay, Lucas/0000-0001-9645-7993 FU ONR; DARPA; NRC/NRL Research Associateship Program; National Science Foundation [1066634]; S3TEC, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-09ER46577] FX This work was supported in part by ONR and DARPA (L. L. and T. L. R.). L. L. acknowledges support from the NRC/NRL Research Associateship Program. D. A. B. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1066634 and from the S3TEC, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award No. DE-FG02-09ER46577. NR 34 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 4 U2 66 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 28 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 9 AR 095901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.095901 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 995NO UT WOS:000308016200005 PM 23002858 ER PT J AU Kulkarni, S Augoff, K Rivera, L McCue, B Khoury, T Groman, A Zhang, L Tian, LL Sossey-Alaoui, K AF Kulkarni, Swati Augoff, Katarzyna Rivera, Louis McCue, Brian Khoury, Thaer Groman, Adrienne Zhang, Li Tian, Lili Sossey-Alaoui, Khalid TI Increased Expression Levels of WAVE3 Are Associated with the Progression and Metastasis of Triple Negative Breast Cancer SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CIRCULATING TUMOR-CELLS; EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; LAMELLIPODIA FORMATION; PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; FOLLOW-UP; GENE; MICRORNA; INVASION; MIGRATION AB Background: Breast Cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease comprised of at least five genetically distinct subtypes, which together form the second leading cause of cancer death in women in the United States. Within BC subtypes, those classified as Triple Negative BCs (TNBCs) exhibit dismal survival rates due to their propensity to develop distant metastases. We have identified the WAVE3 protein, which is a critical regulator of actin cytoskeleton dynamics that are required for the motility and invasion of cancer cells through its activation of the Arp2/3 complex, as a key regulator of the different steps of the invasion-metastasis cascade in BC, especially in the more aggressive TNBCs. Our published studies have also shown that elevated expression levels of WAVE3 in the TNBC cell lines directly contribute to their increased invasion and metastasis potentials both in vitro and in vivo in murine models of BC metastasis. Methodology/Principal Findings: Herein, we utilized both immunohistochemistry (IHC) of primary human BC tumors as well as quantitative real-time RT-PCR of WAVE3 in the peripheral blood of BC patients to clearly establish that WAVE3 is a predictive marker of overall BC patients' survival. High levels of WAVE3 were predictive for reduced distant recurrence-free survival as well as for decreased disease-specific mortality. Our analysis of WAVE3 expression levels in the peripheral blood of BC patients showed that WAVE3 is highly expressed in the blood of patients who developed metastatic breast cancer compared to those who did not. WAVE3 expression was also highly upregulated in the blood of BC patients with the more aggressive TNBC subtype. Conclusions: Together, these findings establish WAVE3 as a novel marker for increased risk of breast-cancer-specific mortality and for the metastatic potential of the TNBCs, and also identify WAVE3 as an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of metastatic BC. C1 [Kulkarni, Swati] Univ Chicago, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Augoff, Katarzyna; McCue, Brian; Sossey-Alaoui, Khalid] Cleveland Clin, Dept Mol Cardiol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Rivera, Louis] USN, Dept Surg, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Khoury, Thaer] Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Dept Pathol, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. [Groman, Adrienne] Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Dept Biostat, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. [Zhang, Li] Cleveland Clin, Dept Quantitat Hlth Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Tian, Lili] Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Dept Canc Prevent & Control, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. RP Kulkarni, S (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM skulkarni@surgery.bsd.uchicago.edu; sosseyk@ccf.org FU Cleveland Clinic Foundation, U.S. Department of Defense [W81XWH-08-1-0236]; National Institutes of Health [P01HL073311, P50HL077107]; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center [P30 CA043703] FX This work was supported in part by Cleveland Clinic Foundation, U.S. Department of Defense grant number W81XWH-08-1-0236 to KSA, by National Institutes of Health grants P01HL073311 and P50HL077107, and by pilot funding from the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center (P30 CA043703). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 53 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 27 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e42895 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0042895 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 995WH UT WOS:000308044800016 PM 22952619 ER PT J AU Ortenzi, L Mazin, II Blaha, P Boeri, L AF Ortenzi, L. Mazin, I. I. Blaha, P. Boeri, L. TI Accounting for spin fluctuations beyond local spin density approximation in the density functional theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; IRON; SUPERCONDUCTORS; MAGNETISM; PRESSURES; METALS; STATE; NI3AL AB We present a method to correct the magnetic properties of itinerant systems in the local-spin-density approximation (LSDA), and we apply it to the ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition under pressure in a typical itinerant system Ni3Al. We obtain a scaling of the critical fluctuations as a function of pressure equivalent to the one obtained within Moryia's theory. Moreover, we show that in this material the role of the band structure is crucial in driving the transition. Finally, we calculate the magnetic moment as a function of pressure and find that it gives a scaling of the Curie temperature that is in good agreement with experiment. The method can be easily extended to the antiferromagnetic case and applied, for instance, to the Fe pnictides in order to correct the LSDA magnetic moment. C1 [Ortenzi, L.; Boeri, L.] Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Mazin, I. I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Blaha, P.] TU Vienna, Inst Mat Chem, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. RP Ortenzi, L (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, Heisenbergstr 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. RI Blaha, Peter/F-2847-2010; Boeri, Lilia/B-6162-2015 OI Boeri, Lilia/0000-0003-1186-2207 NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 27 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 6 AR 064437 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.064437 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 995IU UT WOS:000308002400005 ER PT J AU Economou, SE Climente, JI Badolato, A Bracker, AS Gammon, D Doty, MF AF Economou, Sophia E. Climente, Juan I. Badolato, Antonio Bracker, Allan S. Gammon, Daniel Doty, Matthew F. TI Scalable qubit architecture based on holes in quantum dot molecules SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN; SEMICONDUCTOR AB Spins confined in quantum dots are a leading candidate for solid-state quantum bits that can be coherently controlled by optical pulses. There are, however, many challenges to developing a scalable multibit information processing device based on spins in quantum dots, including the natural inhomogeneous distribution of quantum dot energy levels, the difficulty of creating all-optical spin manipulation protocols compatible with nondestructive readout, and the substantial electron-nuclear hyperfine interaction-induced decoherence. Here, we present a scalable qubit design and device architecture based on the spin states of single holes confined in a quantum dot molecule. The quantum dot molecule qubit enables a new strategy for optical coherent control with dramatically enhanced wavelength tunability. The use of hole spins allows the suppression of decoherence via hyperfine interactions and enables coherent spin rotations using Raman transitions mediated by a hole-spin-mixed optically excited state. Because the spin mixing is present only in the optically excited state, dephasing and decoherence are strongly suppressed in the ground states that define the qubits and nondestructive readout is possible. We present the qubit and device designs and analyze the wavelength tunability and fidelity of gate operations that can be implemented using this strategy. We then present experimental and theoretical progress toward implementing this design. C1 [Economou, Sophia E.; Bracker, Allan S.; Gammon, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Climente, Juan I.] Univ Jaume 1, Dept Quim Fis & Analit, E-12080 Castellon de La Plana, Spain. [Badolato, Antonio] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Doty, Matthew F.] Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Economou, SE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM doty@udel.edu RI Climente, Juan/K-1699-2014; Badolato, Antonio/E-9778-2015; OI Climente, Juan/0000-0001-6984-6424; Doty, Matthew/0000-0001-7999-3567 FU Laboratory for Physical Sciences-National Security Agency (NSA); Office of Naval Research; Army Research Office-NSA; MICINN [CTQ2011-27324]; National Science Foundation [ECCS-1101754] FX S.E.E. acknowledges support from the Laboratory for Physical Sciences-National Security Agency (NSA) and in part from the Office of Naval Research. A. S. B. and D. G. acknowledge support from Army Research Office-NSA. J.I.C. acknowledges support from MICINN Project No. CTQ2011-27324. M. F. D. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation award Grant No. ECCS-1101754. NR 48 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 24 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 8 AR 085319 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.085319 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 995JU UT WOS:000308005100007 ER PT J AU Stevens, MH Deaver, LE Hervig, ME Russell, JM Siskind, DE Sheese, PE Llewellyn, EJ Gattinger, RL Hoffner, J Marshall, BT AF Stevens, Michael H. Deaver, Lance E. Hervig, Mark E. Russell, James M., III Siskind, David E. Sheese, Patrick E. Llewellyn, Edward J. Gattinger, Richard L. Hoeffner, Josef Marshall, B. T. TI Validation of upper mesospheric and lower thermospheric temperatures measured by the Solar Occultation for Ice Experiment SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID SUMMER MESOSPHERE; THERMAL STRUCTURE; MESOPAUSE; MODEL; RETRIEVAL AB Temperature observations in the polar mesosphere and lower thermosphere are critical for studies of polar mesospheric cloud (PMC) formation and variability. The Solar Occultation for Ice Experiment (SOFIE) on NASA's Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) satellite has been measuring temperatures in the polar atmosphere nearly continuously since 2007. We herein present an improved SOFIE temperature data set and validate it against a variety of satellite and ground-based observations. We find that when taking all comparisons together, SOFIE temperatures are in agreement with independent observations to within reported systematic uncertainties from 15 to 88 km altitude. Between 88 and 95 km SOFIE temperatures have a warm bias that peaks between 10 and 15 K in the Arctic summer and 20-30 K in the Antarctic summer. Much of the warm bias is likely related to uncertainties in prescribed atomic oxygen densities that are required for the SOFIE temperature retrieval. C1 [Stevens, Michael H.; Siskind, David E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Deaver, Lance E.; Hervig, Mark E.; Marshall, B. T.] GATS Inc, Newport News, VA USA. [Russell, James M., III] Hampton Univ, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Sheese, Patrick E.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Llewellyn, Edward J.; Gattinger, Richard L.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Hoeffner, Josef] Inst Atmospher Phys, Kuhlungsborn, Germany. RP Stevens, MH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7641,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.stevens@nrl.navy.mil OI Stevens, Michael/0000-0003-1082-8955 FU NASA [NAS5-03132]; Canadian Space Agency FX Funding of this research was provided by NASA's Small Explorers Program under contract NAS5-03132 that supports the implementation of the AIM mission. The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE), also known as SCISAT, is a Canadian-led mission mainly supported by the Canadian Space Agency. We thank Andrew Kochenash for his assistance in the analysis of SABER temperatures. NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 23 PY 2012 VL 117 AR D16304 DI 10.1029/2012JD017689 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 996GC UT WOS:000308071900002 ER PT J AU Bulat, FA Burgess, JS Matis, BR Baldwin, JW Macaveiu, L Murray, JS Politzer, P AF Bulat, Felipe A. Burgess, James S. Matis, Bernard R. Baldwin, Jeffrey W. Macaveiu, Laura Murray, Jane S. Politzer, Peter TI Hydrogenation and Fluorination of Graphene Models: Analysis via the Average Local Ionization Energy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-SURFACES; CARBON NANOTUBES; SYSTEMS; ATOMS; REACTIVITY; GRAPHITE; CORONENE; VOLUMES; BINDING; PYRENE AB We have investigated the use of the average local ionization energy, (I) over bar (s)(r), as a. means for rapidly predicting the relative reactivities of different sites on two model graphene surfaces toward the successive addition of one, two, and three hydrogen or fluorine atoms. The (I) over bar (s)(r) results were compared with directly computed interaction energies, at the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level. (I) over bar (s)(r) correctly predicts that the edges of graphene sheets are more reactive than the interior portions. It shows that added hydrogens activate the adjoining (ortho) sites and deactivate those that are separated by one site (meta). Overall, (I) over bar (s)(r) is effective for rapidly (single calculations) estimating the relative site reactivities of these large systems, although it reflects only the system prior to an interaction and cannot take into account postinteraction factors, e.g., structural distortion. C1 [Macaveiu, Laura; Murray, Jane S.; Politzer, Peter] CleveTheoComp LLC, Cleveland, OH 44113 USA. [Bulat, Felipe A.] Fable Theory & Computat LLC, Washington, DC 20009 USA. [Burgess, James S.; Matis, Bernard R.; Baldwin, Jeffrey W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Murray, JS (reprint author), CleveTheoComp LLC, Cleveland, OH 44113 USA. EM jsmurray@uno.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX An allocation of computer time from the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP) is gratefully acknowledged. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 62 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD AUG 23 PY 2012 VL 116 IS 33 BP 8644 EP 8652 DI 10.1021/jp3053604 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 992BC UT WOS:000307749000026 PM 22803693 ER PT J AU Ramsier, MA Cunningham, AJ Moritz, GL Finneran, JJ Williams, CV Ong, PS Gursky-Doyen, SL Dominy, NJ AF Ramsier, Marissa A. Cunningham, Andrew J. Moritz, Gillian L. Finneran, James J. Williams, Cathy V. Ong, Perry S. Gursky-Doyen, Sharon L. Dominy, Nathaniel J. TI Primate communication in the pure ultrasound SO BIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ultrasound; sensory ecology; bioacoustics; auditory brainstem response; evoked potential audiogram ID MICROCEBUS-MURINUS; VOCALIZATIONS; SENSITIVITY; SIGNALS; SILENT AB Few mammals-cetaceans, domestic cats and select bats and rodents-can send and receive vocal signals contained within the ultrasonic domain, or pure ultrasound (greater than 20 kHz). Here, we use the auditory brainstem response (ABR) method to demonstrate that a species of nocturnal primate, the Philippine tarsier (Tarsius syrichta), has a high-frequency limit of auditory sensitivity of ca 91 kHz. We also recorded a vocalization with a dominant frequency of 70 kHz. Such values are among the highest recorded for any terrestrial mammal, and a relatively extreme example of ultrasonic communication. For Philippine tarsiers, ultrasonic vocalizations might represent a private channel of communication that subverts detection by predators, prey and competitors, enhances energetic efficiency, or improves detection against low-frequency background noise. C1 [Ramsier, Marissa A.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Anthropol, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Cunningham, Andrew J.] Harvard Univ, Dept Human Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Moritz, Gillian L.; Dominy, Nathaniel J.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Anthropol, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Moritz, Gillian L.; Dominy, Nathaniel J.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Finneran, James J.] USN, Marine Mammal Program, SSC Pacific, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Williams, Cathy V.] Duke Univ, Duke Lemur Ctr, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [Ong, Perry S.] Univ Philippines, Inst Biol, Quezon City 1101, Philippines. [Gursky-Doyen, Sharon L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anthropol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Ramsier, MA (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, Dept Anthropol, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM marissa.ramsier@humboldt.edu; nathaniel.j.dominy@dartmouth.edu RI Zimmermann, Elke/D-2281-2015; OI Dominy, Nathaniel/0000-0001-5916-418X FU David and Lucile Packard Foundation (NJD); Fulbright Foundation; Primate Conservation Inc.; Conservation International and Texas AM University FX Research permission was received from the barangay of Motorpool, the Office of the Punong Barangay, the Office of the Municipal Mayor, Congressman G.A. Romarate, the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples and the Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (permit R13-2010-003). We thank the Mamanwa, E. M. Bade, E. S. Buiser, R. F. Burkard, C. Cuevas, L. D. Dagsaan, M. R. Duya, M. L. E. Ceso, L. M. Gales, L. R. Heaney, J.-J. Hublin, A. U. Luczon, B. E. B. Magsaganay, S. F. Matugas, T. M. S. Lim, M. G. T. Pascua, M. Pedregosa-Hospodarsky, C. Piazzas, J. D. Quinonez, C. Salibay, F. Spoor, the Max Planck Society and De La Salle University-Dasmarinas. Funding was received from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation (NJD) and the Fulbright Foundation, Primate Conservation Inc., Conservation International and Texas A&M University (S.L.G.). NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 10 U2 59 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1744-9561 J9 BIOL LETTERS JI Biol. Lett. PD AUG 23 PY 2012 VL 8 IS 4 BP 508 EP 511 DI 10.1098/rsbl.2011.1149 PG 4 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 973LN UT WOS:000306361700009 PM 22319094 ER PT J AU Todd, CS Nasir, A Mansoor, GF Sahibzada, SM Jagodzinski, LL Salimi, F Khateri, MN Hale, BR Barthel, RV Scott, PT AF Todd, Catherine S. Nasir, Abdul Mansoor, G. Farooq Sahibzada, Sayed M. Jagodzinski, Linda L. Salimi, Farzana Khateri, M. Naim Hale, Braden R. Barthel, R. Vincent Scott, Paul T. TI Cross-sectional assessment of prevalence and correlates of blood-borne and sexually-transmitted infections among Afghan National Army recruits SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Afghanistan; Military populations; HIV; Sexual risk behavior; Drug use ID FEMALE SEX WORKERS; HEPATITIS-B; MILITARY PERSONNEL; RISK BEHAVIORS; CONDOM USE; HIV RISK; INTERVENTION; SOLDIERS; DISEASES; TRENDS AB Background: Few data are available in Afghanistan to shape national military force health practices, particularly with regard to sexually-transmitted infections (STIs). We measured prevalence and correlates of HIV, syphilis, herpes simplex 2 virus (HSV-2), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among Afghan National Army (ANA) recruits. Methods: A cross-sectional sample of male ANA recruits aged 18-35 years were randomly selected at the Kabul Military Training Center between February 2010 and January 2011. Participants completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire and serum-based rapid testing for syphilis and hepatitis C virus antibody on-site; HIV and HSV-2 screening, and confirmatory testing were performed off-site. Prevalence of each infection was calculated and logistic regression analysis performed to identify correlates. Results: Of 5313 recruits approached, 4750 consented to participation. Participants had a mean age of 21.8 years (SD +/- 3.8), 65.5% had lived outside Afghanistan, and 44.3% had no formal education. Few reported prior marijuana (16.3%), alcohol (5.3%), or opiate (3.4%) use. Of sexually active recruits (58.7%, N = 2786), 21.3% reported paying women for sex and 21.3% reported sex with males. Prevalence of HIV (0.063%, 95% CI: 0.013- 0.19), syphilis (0.65%, 95% CI: 0.44 - 0.93), and HCV (0.82%, 95% CI: 0.58 - 1.12) were quite low. Prevalence of HSV-2 was 3.03% (95% CI: 2.56 - 3.57), which was independently associated with age (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00 - 1.09) and having a television (socioeconomic marker) (AOR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.03 - 2.05). Conclusion: Though prevalence of HIV, HCV, syphilis, and HSV-2 was low, sexual risk behaviors and intoxicant use were present among a substantial minority, indicating need for prevention programming. Formative work is needed to determine a culturally appropriate approach for prevention programming to reduce STI risk among Afghan National Army troops. C1 [Todd, Catherine S.] Columbia Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Nasir, Abdul; Mansoor, G. Farooq; Sahibzada, Sayed M.] Hlth Protect & Res Org, Taimany, Kabul, Afghanistan. [Jagodzinski, Linda L.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Salimi, Farzana] Minist Publ Hlth, Afghan Publ Hlth Inst, Kabul, Afghanistan. [Khateri, M. Naim] Minist Def, Shash Darak, Kabul, Afghanistan. [Hale, Braden R.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, HIV AIDS Prevent Program, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Barthel, R. Vincent] US NAMRU 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Scott, Paul T.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Todd, CS (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 622 W 168th St,PH 16-69, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM cst2121@columbia.edu FU Walter Reed Army Institute of Research FX This study was funded by the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Material has been reviewed by the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. There is no objection to its presentation and/or publication. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors, and are not to be construed as official, or as reflecting true views of the United States Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD AUG 21 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 196 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-12-196 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 027KQ UT WOS:000310351500001 PM 22909128 ER PT J AU Das, SK Kim, YC Fisher, ME AF Das, Subir K. Kim, Young C. Fisher, Michael E. TI Near critical electrolytes: Are the charge-charge sum rules obeyed? SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID IONIC FLUIDS; PRIMITIVE MODEL; MONTE-CARLO; COEXISTENCE; FLUCTUATIONS AB In an electrolyte solution the charge-charge structure factor obeys S-ZZ(k; T, rho) = 0 + xi(2)(Z,1)k(2) - xi(4)(Z,2)k(4) + ... , where xi(Z,1) and xi(Z,2) are the second- and fourth-moment charge-charge correlation lengths depending on the temperature T and the overall ion density rho. The vanishing of the leading term, the first Stillinger-Lovett (SL) sum rule, simply reflects bulk electroneutrality. The second SL rule, or second-moment condition, dictates that xi(Z,1) = xi(D), where the Debye screening length xi(D) is proportional to root T/rho. In this paper we present results from grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations of a fully size and charge symmetric 1:1 (finely-discretized) hard-sphere electrolyte, or restricted primitive model. By design, electroneutrality is imposed during the simulations, so satisfying the first sum rule automatically. However, careful finite-size scaling analyses of extensive histogram reweighted data indicate that the second-moment condition is violated at criticality, xi(c)(Z,1) exceeding xi(c)(D) by approximately 8%. It is also found that xi(4)(Z,2) diverges to +infinity as T -> T-c in a manner closely mirroring the density-density fluctuations, S-NN(0). These findings contradict generalized Debye-Huckel theory and also the exactly soluble charge-symmetric spherical models, both of which support the second-moment condition at criticality and the finiteness of the fourth-moment. Nevertheless, the observed behavior is strikingly similar to that of the charge-asymmetric spherical models. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4743957] C1 [Das, Subir K.] Jawaharlal Nehru Ctr Adv Sci Res, Theoret Sci Unit, Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India. [Kim, Young C.] USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fisher, Michael E.] Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Das, SK (reprint author), Jawaharlal Nehru Ctr Adv Sci Res, Theoret Sci Unit, Jakkur PO, Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 21 PY 2012 VL 137 IS 7 AR 074902 DI 10.1063/1.4743957 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 999AE UT WOS:000308280700044 PM 22920140 ER PT J AU Osburn, CL Handsel, LT Mikan, MP Paerl, HW Montgomery, MT AF Osburn, Christopher L. Handsel, Lauren T. Mikan, Molly P. Paerl, Hans W. Montgomery, Michael T. TI Fluorescence Tracking of Dissolved and Particulate Organic Matter Quality in a River-Dominated Estuary SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NORTH-CAROLINA; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; WASTE-WATER; AMINO-ACIDS; SPECTROSCOPY; CARBON; ECOSYSTEMS; DYNAMICS; PHOTOREACTIVITY AB Excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence was combined with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) to model base-extracted particulate (POM) and dissolved (DOM) organic matter quality in the Neuse River Estuary (NRE), North Carolina, before and after passage of Hurricane Irene in August 2011. Principle components analysis was used to determine that four of the PARAFAC components (C1-C3 and C6) were terrestrial sources to the NRE. One component (C4), prevalent in DOM of nutrient-impacted streams and estuaries and produced in phytoplankton cultures, was enriched in the POM and in surface sediment pore water DOM. One component (CS) was related to recent autochthonous production. Photoexposure of unfiltered Neuse River water caused an increase in slope ratio values (S-R) which corresponded to an increase in the ratio C2:C3 for DOM, and the production of C4 fluorescence in both POM and DOM. Changes to the relative abundance of C4 in POM and DOM indicated that advection of pore water DOM from surface sediments into overlying waters could increase the autochthonous quality of DOM in shallow microtidal estuaries. Modeling POM and DOM simultaneously with PARAFAC is an informative technique that is applicable to assessments of estuarine water quality. C1 [Osburn, Christopher L.; Mikan, Molly P.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Handsel, Lauren T.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Paerl, Hans W.] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Montgomery, Michael T.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Osburn, CL (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Box 8208, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM closburn@ncsu.edu OI Osburn, Christopher/0000-0002-9334-4202 FU NC State University Faculty Research Professional Development grant; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program Environmental Restoration grant; Lower Neuse Basin Association (Neuse River Modeling and Monitoring Project, ModMon); National Science Foundation [OCE 0825466, CBET 0932632] FX We thank Haywood Phthisic for facilitating field collection of samples in the Neuse River Basin. Jeremy Braddy, Karen Rossignol, and Benjamin Peierls aided with Neuse River Estuary sample collection and processing. Jennifer Dixon, Taylor Edmonds, and Melissa Staub provided technical assistance. Del Bohnenstiel is thanked for advice on stastistics. We appreciate the comments of three anonymous reviewers, which improved this manuscript. This work was supported by a NC State University Faculty Research Professional Development grant (C.L.O.), the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program Environmental Restoration grant (M.T.M., C.L.O.), the Lower Neuse Basin Association (Neuse River Modeling and Monitoring Project, ModMon) (H.W.P.), and the National Science Foundation (OCE 0825466, CBET 0932632) (H.W.P.). NR 54 TC 65 Z9 69 U1 8 U2 125 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 21 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 16 BP 8628 EP 8636 DI 10.1021/es3007723 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 991JQ UT WOS:000307697700012 PM 22803700 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Allafort, A Baldini, L Ballet, J Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Cillis, AN Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cutini, S de Palma, F Dermer, CD Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Fortin, P Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Guiriec, S Gustafsson, M Hadasch, D Hayashida, M Hays, E Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Martin, P Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Michelson, PF Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nishino, S Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ozaki, M Parent, D Persic, M Pesce-Rollins, M Petrosian, V Pierbattista, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Ritz, S Roth, M Sbarra, C Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stawarz, L Strong, AW Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Vandenbroucke, J Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Wood, M Yang, Z AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Allafort, A. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Cillis, A. N. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Fortin, P. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Guiriec, S. Gustafsson, M. Hadasch, D. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Martin, P. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Michelson, P. F. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nishino, S. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ozaki, M. Parent, D. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Petrosian, V. Pierbattista, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Ritz, S. Roth, M. Sbarra, C. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stawarz, Lukasz Strong, A. W. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Vandenbroucke, J. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wood, M. Yang, Z. TI GeV OBSERVATIONS OF STAR-FORMING GALAXIES WITH THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; galaxies: starburst; gamma rays: diffuse background; gamma rays: galaxies ID GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; DENSE MOLECULAR GAS; SMALL-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION; COSMIC-RAY; STARBURST GALAXIES; SPIRAL GALAXIES; RADIO-CONTINUUM AB Recent detections of the starburst galaxies M82 and NGC 253 by gamma-ray telescopes suggest that galaxies rapidly forming massive stars are more luminous at gamma-ray energies compared to their quiescent relatives. Building upon those results, we examine a sample of 69 dwarf, spiral, and luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies at photon energies 0.1-100 GeV using 3 years of data collected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi). Measured fluxes from significantly detected sources and flux upper limits for the remaining galaxies are used to explore the physics of cosmic rays in galaxies. We find further evidence for quasi-linear scaling relations between gamma-ray luminosity and both radio continuum luminosity and total infrared luminosity which apply both to quiescent galaxies of the Local Group and low-redshift starburst galaxies (conservative P-values less than or similar to 0.05 accounting for statistical and systematic uncertainties). The normalizations of these scaling relations correspond to luminosity ratios of log(L0.1-100GeV/L-1.4GHz) = 1.7 +/- 0.1((statistical)) +/- 0.2((dispersion)) and log(L0.1-100GeV/L8-1000 (mu m)) = -4.3 +/- 0.1((statistical)) +/- 0.2((dispersion)) for a galaxy with a star formation rate of 1 M-circle dot yr(-1), assuming a Chabrier initial mass function. Using the relationship between infrared luminosity and gamma-ray luminosity, the collective intensity of unresolved star-forming galaxies at redshifts 0 < z < 2.5 above 0.1 GeV is estimated to be 0.4-2.4 x 10(-6) ph cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1) (4%-23% of the intensity of the isotropic diffuse component measured with the LAT). We anticipate that similar to 10 galaxies could be detected by their cosmic-ray-induced gamma-ray emission during a 10 year Fermi mission. C1 [Ackermann, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Uchiyama, Y.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Uchiyama, Y.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Pierbattista, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,CEA,IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Gustafsson, M.; Rando, R.; Sbarra, C.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Pivato, G.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bouvier, A.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Bouvier, A.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.] IN2P3, CNRS, Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEE CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cheung, C. C.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Cillis, A. N.] Parbellon IAFE, Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Cillis, A. N.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Dermer, C. D.; Lovellette, M. N.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Nishino, S.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hayashida, M.] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Hughes, R. E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Katagiri, H.] Ibaraki Univ, Coll Sci, Mito, Ibaraki 3108512, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.] IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, IRAP, UPS OMP, GAHEC, Toulouse, France. [Longo, F.; Persic, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Lott, B.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Martin, P.; Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Ohno, M.; Ozaki, M.; Stawarz, Lukasz] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Okumura, A.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Persic, M.] Osserv Astron Trieste, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Stawarz, Lukasz] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. RP Ackermann, M (reprint author), Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. EM bechtol@stanford.edu; analia.cillis@gmail.com; funk@slac.stanford.edu; dtorres@ieec.uab.es RI Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007 OI Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X FU K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Stanford Graduate Fellowship FX Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow, funded by a grant from the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation.; K.B. thanks Eric Feigelson of the Penn State Center for Astrostatistics for suggestions regarding the analysis of partially censored data sets. K. B. is supported by a Stanford Graduate Fellowship. NR 150 TC 114 Z9 115 U1 1 U2 16 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2012 VL 755 IS 2 AR 164 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/755/2/164 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 992PL UT WOS:000307791400081 ER PT J AU Dermer, CD Murase, K Takami, H AF Dermer, Charles D. Murase, Kohta Takami, Hajime TI VARIABLE GAMMA-RAY EMISSION INDUCED BY ULTRA-HIGH ENERGY NEUTRAL BEAMS: APPLICATION TO 4C+21.35 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: jets; gamma rays: general; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; PHOTON-PHOTON COLLISIONS; BLAZAR 3C 454.3; SPACE-TELESCOPE; RELATIVISTIC JETS; TEV VARIABILITY; COSMIC-RAYS; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS AB The flat-spectrum radio quasar 4C +21.35 (PKS 1222+216) displays prominent nuclear infrared emission from approximate to 1200 K dust. A 70-400 GeV flare with approximate to 10 minute variations during half an hour of observations was found by the MAGIC telescopes, and GeV variability was observed on sub-day timescales with the Large Area Telescope on Fermi. We examine 4C +21.35, assuming that it is a source of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). UHECR proton acceleration in the inner jet powers a neutral beam of neutrinos, neutrons, and gamma-rays from p gamma photopion production. The radiative efficiency and production spectra of neutrals formed through photohadronic processes with isotropic external target photons of the broad-line region (BLR) and torus are calculated. Secondary radiations made by this process have a beaming factor proportional to delta(5)(D), where delta(D) is the Doppler factor. The pair-production optical depth for gamma-rays and the photopion efficiency for UHECR neutrons as they pass through external isotropic radiation fields are calculated. If target photons come from the BLR and dust torus, large Doppler factors, delta(D) greater than or similar to 100, are required to produce rapidly variable secondary radiation with isotropic luminosity greater than or similar to 10(47) erg s(-1) at the pc scale. The gamma-ray spectra from leptonic secondaries are calculated from cascades initiated by the UHECR neutron beam at the pc-scale region and fit to the flaring spectrum of 4C +21.35. Detection of greater than or similar to 100 TeV neutrinos from 4C +21.35 or other very high energy gamma-ray blazars with IceCube or KM3NeT would confirm this scenario. C1 [Dermer, Charles D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Murase, Kohta] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Takami, Hajime] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Takami, Hajime] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Cosmophys Grp,Theory Ctr, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RP Dermer, CD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7653, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM charles.dermer@nrl.navy.mil; murase.2@osu.edu; takami@mpp.mpg.de RI Murase, Kohta/B-2710-2016 OI Murase, Kohta/0000-0002-5358-5642 FU Office of Naval Research; JSPS; CCAPP FX We thank the referee, Dr. Boris Stern, for a valuable report, in particular, pointing out the importance of presenting the combined production spectra for inner-jet physics from both BLR and IR torus target photon fields. We also thank Armen Atoyan, Justin Finke, and Soebur Razzaque for discussions. The work of C. D. D. is supported by the Office of Naval Research. K. M. is supported by JSPS and CCAPP. NR 94 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2012 VL 755 IS 2 AR 147 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/755/2/147 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 992PL UT WOS:000307791400064 ER PT J AU Giacintucci, S O'Sullivan, E Clarke, TE Murgia, M Vrtilek, JM Venturi, T David, LP Raychaudhury, S Athreya, RM AF Giacintucci, Simona O'Sullivan, Ewan Clarke, Tracy E. Murgia, Matteo Vrtilek, Jan M. Venturi, Tiziana David, Laurence P. Raychaudhury, Somak Athreya, Ramana M. TI RECURRENT RADIO OUTBURSTS AT THE CENTER OF THE NGC 1407 GALAXY GROUP SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: individual (NGC 1407); intergalactic medium; radio continuum: galaxies; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID GALACTIC NUCLEUS FEEDBACK; X-RAY CAVITIES; SYNCHROTRON SPECTRUM; INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; SHOCK ACCELERATION; LOCAL UNIVERSE; HOT GAS; CLUSTERS; BUBBLES; CHANDRA AB We present deep Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) radio observations at 240, 330, and 610 MHz of the complex radio source at the center of the NGC 1407 galaxy group. Previous GMRT observations at 240 MHz revealed faint, diffuse emission enclosing the central twin-jet radio galaxy. This has been interpreted as an indication of two possible radio outbursts occurring at different times. Both the inner double and diffuse components are detected in the new GMRT images at high levels of significance. Combining the GMRT observations with archival Very Large Array data at 1.4 and 4.9 GHz, we derive the total spectrum of both components. The inner double has a spectral index alpha = 0.7, typical for active, extended radio galaxies, whereas the spectrum of the large-scale emission is very steep, with alpha = 1.8 between 240 MHz and 1.4 GHz. The radiative age of the large-scale component is very long, similar to 300 Myr, compared to similar to 30 Myr estimated for the central double, confirming that the diffuse component was generated during a former cycle of activity of the central galaxy. The current activity have so far released an energy which is nearly one order of magnitude lower than that associated with the former outburst. The group x-ray emission in the Chandra and XMM-Newton images and extended radio emission show a similar swept-back morphology. We speculate that the two structures are both affected by the motion of the group core, perhaps due to the core sloshing in response to a recent encounter with the nearby elliptical galaxy NGC 1400. C1 [Giacintucci, Simona] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Giacintucci, Simona] Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [O'Sullivan, Ewan; Vrtilek, Jan M.; David, Laurence P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Clarke, Tracy E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Murgia, Matteo] INAF, Osservatorio Astronom Cagliari, I-09012 Capoterra, CA, Italy. [Venturi, Tiziana] INAF, Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Raychaudhury, Somak] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Athreya, Ramana M.] Indian Inst Sci Educ & Res, Pune 411021, Maharashtra, India. RP Giacintucci, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM simona@astro.umd.edu OI Murgia, Matteo/0000-0002-4800-0806; O'Sullivan, Ewan/0000-0002-5671-6900; Venturi, Tiziana/0000-0002-8476-6307 FU NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship [PF0-110071]; European Community under the Marie Curie Research Training Network; 6.1 Base funding; Smithsonian Institution; CXC; Chandra X-Ray Center (CXC) FX We thank the staff of the GMRT for their help during the observations. GMRT is run by the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research. S. G. acknowledges the support of NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship PF0-110071 awarded by the Chandra X-Ray Center (CXC), which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO). E.O.S. acknowledges the support of the European Community under the Marie Curie Research Training Network. Basic research in astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is funded by 6.1 Base funding. J.M.V., L. P. D., and E.O.S. acknowledge the support of the Smithsonian Institution and CXC. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 64 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2012 VL 755 IS 2 AR 172 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/755/2/172 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 992PL UT WOS:000307791400089 ER PT J AU Robbrecht, E Wang, YM AF Robbrecht, E. Wang, Y. -M. TI DETERMINING THE NORTH-SOUTH DISPLACEMENT OF THE HELIOSPHERIC CURRENT SHEET FROM CORONAL STREAMER OBSERVATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE interplanetary medium; Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Sun: heliosphere; sunspots; Sun: surface magnetism ID FAST LATITUDE SCAN; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ULYSSES; MINIMUM; ASYMMETRY; EVOLUTION; BOUNDARY; ORIGIN; PHASE; SUN AB Inferences based on interplanetary field measurements have suggested a statistical tendency for the heliospheric current sheet (HCS) to be displaced southward of the heliographic equator during the past four solar cycles. Here, we use synoptic maps of white-light streamer structures to determine more directly the longitudinally averaged latitude of the HCS, after separating out the contribution of streamers without magnetic polarity reversals ("pseudostreamers"). We find a strong tendency for the HCS to be shifted southward by a few degrees during 2007-2011, but no significant shift during the 1996-1997 sunspot minimum. Fluctuations in the magnitude and direction of the north-south shifts often occur on timescales as short as one or two Carrington rotations, as a result of changes in the streamer structures due to active region emergence. The largest shifts occurred during 2010-2011 and were on the order of -6 degrees. Such southward displacements are consistent with the overwhelming dominance of northern-hemisphere sunspot activity during the rising phase of the current solar cycle 24, resulting in a strong axisymmetric quadrupole component whose sign at the equator matched that of the north polar field; the symmetry-breaking effect of the quadrupole was further enhanced by the weakness of the polar fields. C1 [Robbrecht, E.] Royal Observ Belgium, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium. [Wang, Y. -M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Robbrecht, E (reprint author), Royal Observ Belgium, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium. EM eva.robbrecht@oma.be; yi.wang@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA; ONR FX We are indebted to N. B. Rich and A. F. R. Thernisien for constructing the white-light streamer maps. This work was supported by NASA and ONR. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2012 VL 755 IS 2 AR 135 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/755/2/135 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 992PL UT WOS:000307791400052 ER PT J AU Brooks, DH Warren, HP Ugarte-Urra, I AF Brooks, David H. Warren, Harry P. Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio TI SOLAR CORONAL LOOPS RESOLVED BY HINODE AND THE SOLAR DYNAMICS OBSERVATORY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE magnetic fields; methods: data analysis; Sun: corona; Sun: UV radiation; techniques: spectroscopic ID EUV IMAGING SPECTROMETER; EMISSION MEASURE DISTRIBUTIONS; ACTIVE-REGION LOOPS; ATOMIC DATABASE; TEMPERATURE; TRACE; CHROMOSPHERE; DENSITY; CHIANTI; LINES AB Despite decades of studying the Sun, the coronal heating problem remains unsolved. One fundamental issue is that we do not know the spatial scale of the coronal heating mechanism. At a spatial resolution of 1000 km or more, it is likely that most observations represent superpositions of multiple unresolved structures. In this Letter, we use a combination of spectroscopic data from the Hinode EUV Imaging Spectrometer and high-resolution images from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on the Solar Dynamics Observatory to determine the spatial scales of coronal loops. We use density measurements to construct multi-thread models of the observed loops and confirm these models using the higher spatial resolution imaging data. The results allow us to set constraints on the number of threads needed to reproduce a particular loop structure. We demonstrate that in several cases million degree loops are revealed to be single monolithic structures that are fully spatially resolved by current instruments. The majority of loops, however, must be composed of a number of finer, unresolved threads, but the models suggest that even for these loops the number of threads could be small, implying that they are also close to being resolved. These results challenge heating models of loops based on the reconnection of braided magnetic fields in the corona. C1 [Brooks, David H.; Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Warren, Harry P.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Brooks, DH (reprint author), ISAS JAXA, Hinode Team, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. EM dhbrooks@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil OI Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio/0000-0001-5503-0491 FU Naval Research Laboratory; NASA Hinode program FX We thank the referee for positive comments and suggestions. This work was performed under contract with the Naval Research Laboratory and was funded by the NASA Hinode program. Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, with NAOJ as domestic partner and NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. It is operated by these agencies in cooperation with ESA and NSC (Norway). NR 30 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD AUG 20 PY 2012 VL 755 IS 2 AR L33 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/755/2/L33 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 989VM UT WOS:000307588900011 ER PT J AU Aglitskiy, Y Karasik, M Velikovich, AL Serlin, V Weaver, J Kessler, TJ Schmitt, AJ Obenschain, SP Metzler, N Oh, J AF Aglitskiy, Y. Karasik, M. Velikovich, A. L. Serlin, V. Weaver, J. Kessler, T. J. Schmitt, A. J. Obenschain, S. P. Metzler, N. Oh, J. TI Observation of Strong Oscillations of Areal Mass in an Unsupported Shock Wave SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITY; LASER IMPRINT REDUCTION; TARGETS; PERTURBATION; FEEDOUT; DRIVEN; GROWTH; PULSE AB An experimental study of hydrodynamic perturbation evolution in a strong unsupported shock wave, which is immediately followed by an expansion wave, is reported. A planar solid plastic target rippled on the front side is irradiated with a 350-450 ps long laser pulse. The perturbation evolution in the target is observed using face-on monochromatic x-ray radiography during and for up to 4 ns after the laser pulse. The theoretically predicted large oscillations of the areal mass in the target are observed for the first time. Multiple phase reversals of the areal mass modulation are detected. C1 [Aglitskiy, Y.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22150 USA. [Karasik, M.; Velikovich, A. L.; Serlin, V.; Weaver, J.; Kessler, T. J.; Schmitt, A. J.; Obenschain, S. P.] USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Metzler, N.; Oh, J.] Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Metzler, N.] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. RP Aglitskiy, Y (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22150 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy FX The authors acknowledge the excellent technical support of the Nike Laser Crew. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Defense Programs. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 20 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 8 AR 085001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.085001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 991OP UT WOS:000307711300008 PM 23002750 ER PT J AU Barlow, DE AF Barlow, Daniel E. TI Probing the chemistry between biotic and abiotic components of biointerfaces SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Barlow, Daniel E.] US Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM daniel.barlow@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 413-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621802598 ER PT J AU Biswas, D Saavedra, JE Keefer, LK Holland, RJ Cao, Z Deschamps, JR AF Biswas, Debanjan Saavedra, Joseph E. Keefer, Larry K. Holland, Ryan J. Cao, Zhao Deschamps, Jeffrey R. TI O-2-Functionalized methylamine diazeniumdiolates as potential nitroxyl prodrugs SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Biswas, Debanjan; Saavedra, Joseph E.; Keefer, Larry K.; Holland, Ryan J.; Cao, Zhao] NCI, Drug Design Sect, Biol Chem Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM biswasd@mail.nih.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 391-MEDI PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621806113 ER PT J AU Burden, DK Barlow, DE Spillmann, CM Everett, RK Rittschof, D Orihuela, B Wahl, KJ AF Burden, Daniel K. Barlow, Daniel E. Spillmann, Christopher M. Everett, Richard K. Rittschof, Daniel Orihuela, Beatriz Wahl, Kathryn J. TI In situ analysis of spatial and temporal variations in newly formed barnacle adhesive SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Burden, Daniel K.; Barlow, Daniel E.; Wahl, Kathryn J.] US Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Spillmann, Christopher M.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Everett, Richard K.] US Naval Res Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rittschof, Daniel; Orihuela, Beatriz] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. EM daniel.burden.ctr@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 652-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621802821 ER PT J AU Clark, TD Kolel-Veetil, M Barlow, D Fears, KP Bernstein, N Kulp, JL Wahl, KJ AF Clark, Thomas D. Kolel-Veetil, Manoj Barlow, Daniel Fears, Kenan P. Bernstein, Noam Kulp, John L., III Wahl, Kathryn J. TI Cyclic peptide nanorod polymers SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Clark, Thomas D.; Kolel-Veetil, Manoj; Barlow, Daniel; Fears, Kenan P.; Bernstein, Noam; Kulp, John L., III; Wahl, Kathryn J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM thomas.clark@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 282-ORGN PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621806500 ER PT J AU Coneski, PN Wynne, JH AF Coneski, Peter N. Wynne, James H. TI Improving the antifouling behavior of polyurethane coatings via calculated complexity SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Coneski, Peter N.; Wynne, James H.] US Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM peter.coneski.ctr@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 413-PMSE PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621808169 ER PT J AU Coughlin, MM Kelly, CK Lin, S MacArthur, AHR AF Coughlin, Mary M. Kelly, Colin K. Lin, Shirley MacArthur, Amy H. Roy TI Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed cyanation of aryl chlorides via concurrent tandem catalysis SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Coughlin, Mary M.; Kelly, Colin K.; Lin, Shirley; MacArthur, Amy H. Roy] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM macarthu@usna.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 461-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621805309 ER PT J AU Efros, A AF Efros, Alexander TI Non-blinking semiconductor nanocrystals: Suppression of nonradiative Auger processes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Efros, Alexander] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC USA. EM efros@dave.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 307-PHYS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621807459 ER PT J AU Fears, K Heilweil, E Owrutsky, J Clark, T AF Fears, Kenan Heilweil, Edwin Owrutsky, Jeff Clark, Thomas TI Electronic and vibrational circular dichroism of peptides adsorbed on inorganic nanoparticles SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Fears, Kenan; Owrutsky, Jeff; Clark, Thomas] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Heilweil, Edwin] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM kenan.fears.ctr@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 619-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621802791 ER PT J AU Foos, EE Yoon, W Smith, AR Tischler, JG AF Foos, Edward E. Yoon, Woojun Smith, Anthony R. Tischler, Joseph G. TI Inorganic nanocrystal films for photovoltaics SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Foos, Edward E.; Tischler, Joseph G.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Yoon, Woojun; Smith, Anthony R.] Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM edward.foos@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 663-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621805499 ER PT J AU Giles, SL Heller, N Clayton, C Wynne, JH AF Giles, Spencer L. Heller, Nicholas Clayton, Clive Wynne, James H. TI Fundamental analysis of polymer domain separation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Giles, Spencer L.; Wynne, James H.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Heller, Nicholas; Clayton, Clive] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM spencer.giles@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 303-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621802496 ER PT J AU Guenthner, AJ Davis, MC Reams, JT Sahagun, C Mabry, JM AF Guenthner, Andrew J. Davis, Matthew C. Reams, Josiah T. Sahagun, Christopher Mabry, Joseph M. TI High-performance biobased cyanate ester resins with low moisture uptake SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Guenthner, Andrew J.; Mabry, Joseph M.] Air Force Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. [Davis, Matthew C.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Reams, Josiah T.; Sahagun, Christopher] Air Force Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Natl Res Council, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. EM andrew.guenthner@edwards.af.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 327-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621808485 ER PT J AU Harrison, JA Ryan, KE Keating, PL Grierson, DS Turner, KT Carpick, RW AF Harrison, Judith A. Ryan, Kathleen E. Keating, Pamela L. Grierson, David S. Turner, Kevin T. Carpick, Robert W. TI Large-scale molecular dynamics simulations of tip-surface contact between carbon-based materials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Harrison, Judith A.; Ryan, Kathleen E.; Keating, Pamela L.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Turner, Kevin T.; Carpick, Robert W.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Grierson, David S.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jah@usna.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 100-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621802303 ER PT J AU Haverhals, LM Christman, EE Foley, MP Brown, EK Szmacinski, H De Long, HC Trulove, PC AF Haverhals, Luke M. Christman, E. E. Foley, M. P. Brown, E. K. Szmacinski, H. De Long, H. C. Trulove, P. C. TI Microscopic characterizations of fiber welded biocomposite materials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Haverhals, Luke M.; Christman, E. E.; Foley, M. P.; Brown, E. K.; Trulove, P. C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD USA. [Szmacinski, H.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Fluorescence Spect, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [De Long, H. C.] Air Force Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA USA. EM haverhal@usna.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 59-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621801431 ER PT J AU Hummer, G Rozycki, B Kim, YC AF Hummer, Gerhard Rozycki, Bartosz Kim, Young C. TI Structure and dynamics of multiprotein assemblies from simulation and experiment SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hummer, Gerhard] NIDDK, Chem Phys Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Rozycki, Bartosz] Max Planck Inst Colloids & Interfaces, Dept Theory & Biosyst, Potsdam, Germany. [Kim, Young C.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gerhard.hummer@nih.gov RI Rozycki, Bartosz/B-7005-2009; Hummer, Gerhard/A-2546-2013 OI Rozycki, Bartosz/0000-0001-5938-7308; Hummer, Gerhard/0000-0001-7768-746X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 248-COMP PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621803189 ER PT J AU Johannes, MD Hoang, K AF Johannes, Michelle D. Khang Hoang TI Tailoring LiMPO4 (M = Mn, Fe, Co) cathode materials for efficient transport and storage SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Johannes, Michelle D.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Khang Hoang] George Mason Univ, Dept Computat & Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM michelle.johannes@nrl.navy.mil RI Hoang, Khang/C-2879-2008 OI Hoang, Khang/0000-0003-1889-0745 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 565-ENFL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621804110 ER PT J AU Kolel-Veetil, MK Keller, TM AF Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K. Keller, Teddy M. TI Crosslinked POSS network from an unusual hydrosilylation: Low-T stabilization of a-cristobalite phase in its amorphous regions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K.; Keller, Teddy M.] Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM manoj.kolel-veetil@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 253-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621808417 ER PT J AU Kutana, A Kilin, DS AF Kutana, Alex Kilin, Dmitri S. TI Calculations of electronic relaxation times in semiconductor nanocrystals SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Kutana, Alex] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kilin, Dmitri S.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Chem, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. EM kutana@dave.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 92-COMP PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621803040 ER PT J AU Lipkowitz, K AF Lipkowitz, Kenny TI Navy needs and the Materials Genome Initiative SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Lipkowitz, Kenny] Off Naval Res, Naval Mat Div, Arlington, VA 22207 USA. EM kenny.lipkowitz@navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 105-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621808285 ER PT J AU Melde, BJ Johnson, BJ AF Melde, Brian J. Johnson, Brandy J. TI Functional nanoporous organosilicates for air purification and remediation applications SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Melde, Brian J.; Johnson, Brandy J.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.melde@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 638-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621805477 ER PT J AU Nita, R Trammell, SA Moore, M Funk, AR Chang, EL Knight, DA AF Nita, Rafaela Trammell, Scott A. Moore, Martin Funk, Aaron R. Chang, Eddie L. Knight, D. Andrew TI Homogeneous copper catalyzed hydrolysis of phosphate esters on a gold nanoparticle platform: Modulation of activity using laser excitation and ligand cooperativity SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Nita, Rafaela; Moore, Martin; Funk, Aaron R.; Knight, D. Andrew] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Trammell, Scott A.; Chang, Eddie L.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM aknight@fit.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 136-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621805007 ER PT J AU Pomfret, MB Steinhurst, DA Owrutsky, JC AF Pomfret, Michael B. Steinhurst, Daniel A. Owrutsky, Jeffrey C. TI In situ Fourier transform infrared emission of solid oxide fuel cell anodes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Pomfret, Michael B.; Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Steinhurst, Daniel A.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. EM michael.pomfret@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 375-ENFL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621803832 ER PT J AU Purdy, A Smoot, E Butcher, R AF Purdy, Andrew Smoot, Emily Butcher, Ray TI Synthesis, thermal stability, and reaction chemistry of silylcarbonates SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Purdy, Andrew; Smoot, Emily] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Butcher, Ray] Howard Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20059 USA. EM andrew.purdy@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 758-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621805583 ER PT J AU Smith, AR Heuer, WB Yoon, W Boercker, JE Tischler, JG Foos, EE AF Smith, Anthony R. Heuer, William B. Yoon, Woojun Boercker, Janice E. Tischler, Joseph G. Foos, Edward E. TI Role of ligand structure on the optical and electrical properties of PbSe nanocrystalline films SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Smith, Anthony R.; Yoon, Woojun; Boercker, Janice E.; Tischler, Joseph G.; Foos, Edward E.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Heuer, William B.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM arsmith181@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 673-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621802841 ER PT J AU Stewart, DA Kundu, A Li, W Lindsay, L Mingo, N Broido, D AF Stewart, Derek A. Kundu, Anupam Li, Wu Lindsay, Lucas Mingo, Natalio Broido, David TI Designing thermal transport in energy materials: A first principles approach SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Stewart, Derek A.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Nanoscale Facil, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kundu, Anupam; Li, Wu; Mingo, Natalio] CEA Grenoble, LITEN, F-38054 Grenoble, France. [Lindsay, Lucas] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Broido, David] Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. EM stewart@cnf.cornell.edu RI Stewart, Derek/B-6115-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 636-ENFL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621804177 ER PT J AU Wahl, KJ Burden, DK Barlow, DE Spillmann, CM Everett, RK Rittschof, D AF Wahl, Kathryn J. Burden, Daniel K. Barlow, Daniel E. Spillmann, Christopher M. Everett, Richard K. Rittschof, Daniel TI Microscopic and spectroscopic studies of bioadhesive interfaces SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Wahl, Kathryn J.; Burden, Daniel K.; Barlow, Daniel E.; Spillmann, Christopher M.; Everett, Richard K.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Burden, Daniel K.] NRC Post Doc, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rittschof, Daniel] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. EM kathryn.wahl@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 101-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621802304 ER PT J AU Wojnarowska, Z Paluch, M Wlodarczyk, P Dulski, M Wrzalik, R Roland, CM AF Wojnarowska, Z. Paluch, M. Wlodarczyk, P. Dulski, M. Wrzalik, R. Roland, C. M. TI Tracking of Proton Transfer Reaction in Supercooled RNA Nucleoside SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GENETIC-IMPLICATIONS; TAUTOMERISM; MUTATIONS; ACID AB In this paper we address a longstanding debate concerning the proton transfer reaction of DNA and RNA compounds. The sample tested is beta-uridine, one of the four basic components of RNA, which has been suggested to have the capacity to adopt lactam and lactim tautomeric forms. The essential biological importance of this RNA nucleoside has motivated a number of experimental and theoretical investigations in the past However, the kinetics of the proton transfer reaction of this compound has not been examined. Herein, we employ dielectric spectroscopy and refractive index measurements to experimentally characterize lactam-lactim transformation in the supercooled liquid state. We quantify the kinetics of beta-uridine tautomerization and suggest a mechanism for the configurational changes. The obtained data are compared to quantum chemical calculations. Finally the biological importance of our results is discussed. C1 [Wojnarowska, Z.; Paluch, M.; Wlodarczyk, P.; Dulski, M.; Wrzalik, R.] Univ Silesia, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. [Roland, C. M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wojnarowska, Z (reprint author), Univ Silesia, Inst Phys, Ul Uniwersytecka 4, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. EM zwojnaro@us.edu.pl FU National Science Center [MAESTRO2]; Office of Naval Research FX The work at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research. Z.W. and M.P. are deeply thankful for the financial support received from the National Science Center (Grant MAESTRO2). NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1948-7185 J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett. PD AUG 16 PY 2012 VL 3 IS 16 BP 2288 EP 2292 DI 10.1021/jz300541t PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 991JM UT WOS:000307697300031 PM 26295785 ER PT J AU Hooper, JP AF Hooper, Joseph P. TI Impact fragmentation of aluminum reactive materials SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMIC FRAGMENTATION; FRACTURE; INSTABILITY; COMMINUTION AB We report the fragmentation of brittle, granular aluminum spheres following high velocity impact (0.5-2.0 km/s) on thin steel plates. These spheres, machined from isostatically pressed aluminum powder, represent a prototypical metallic reactive material. The fragments generated by the impacts are collected in a soft-catch apparatus and analyzed down to a length scale of 44 mu m. With increasing velocity, there is a transition from an exponential Poisson-process fragment distribution with a characteristic length scale to a power-law behavior indicative of scale-invariance. A normalized power-law distribution with a finite size cutoff is introduced and used to analyze the number and mass distributions of the recovered fragments. At high impact velocities, the power-law behavior dominates the distribution and the power-law exponent is identical to the universal value for brittle fragmentation discussed in recent works. The length scale at which the power-law behavior decays is consistent with the idea that the length of side microbranches or damage zones from primary cracks is governing this cutoff. The transition in fragment distribution at high strain-rates also implies a significant increase in small fragments that can rapidly combust in an ambient atmosphere. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4746788] C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Hooper, JP (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jphooper@nps.edu FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency via the Advanced Energetics Initiative; Office of Naval Research's Reactive Materials program FX The authors would like to thank Grant Richardson, Richard Lee, and Sam Thuot for technical work setting up the shots and sieving the fragments, and Jason Jouet and Amy Lees for useful discussions. This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency via the Advanced Energetics Initiative and by the Office of Naval Research's Reactive Materials program. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 112 IS 4 AR 043508 DI 10.1063/1.4746788 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 000SZ UT WOS:000308410100022 ER PT J AU Henley, ND AF Henley, Nadine D. TI Rapid-Onset Skin Rash SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN, Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Branch Hlth Clin, El Centro, CA USA. RP Henley, ND (reprint author), USN, Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Branch Hlth Clin, El Centro, CA USA. EM nadine.henley@med.navy.mil NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 4 BP 361 EP 362 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 991GV UT WOS:000307690400009 PM 22963026 ER PT J AU Reed, JB Njeuhmeli, E Thomas, AG Bacon, MC Bailey, R Cherutich, P Curran, K Dickson, K Farley, T Hankins, C Hatzold, K Justman, J Mwandi, Z Nkinsi, L Ridzon, R Ryan, C Bock, N AF Reed, Jason Bailey Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel Thomas, Anne Goldzier Bacon, Melanie C. Bailey, Robert Cherutich, Peter Curran, Kelly Dickson, Kim Farley, Tim Hankins, Catherine Hatzold, Karin Justman, Jessica Mwandi, Zebedee Nkinsi, Luke Ridzon, Renee Ryan, Caroline Bock, Naomi TI Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision: An HIV Prevention Priority for PEPFAR SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE male circumcision; HIV prevention; PEPFAR ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; FEMALE PARTNERS; TARGET-CELLS; YOUNG MEN; INFECTION; RISK; TRANSMISSION; KISUMU AB As the science demonstrating strong evidence for voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) for HIV prevention has evolved, the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has collaborated with international agencies, donors, and partner country governments supporting VMMC programming. Mathematical models forecast that quickly reaching a large number of uncircumcised men with VMMC in strategically chosen populations may dramatically reduce community-level HIV incidence and save billions of dollars in HIV care and treatment costs. Because VMMC is a 1-time procedure that confers life-long partial protection against HIV, programs for adult men are vital short-term investments with long-term benefits. VMMC also provides a unique opportunity to reach boys and men with HIV testing and counseling services and referrals for other HIV services, including treatment. After formal recommendations by WHO in 2007, priority countries have pursued expansion of VMMC. More than 1 million males have received VMMC thus far, with the most notable successes coming from Kenya's Nyanza Province. However, a myriad of necessary cultural, political, and ethical considerations have moderated the pace of overall success. Because many millions more uncircumcised men would benefit from VMMC services now, US President Barack Obama committed PEPFAR to provide 4.7 million males with VMMC by 2014. Innovative circumcision methods-such as medical devices that remove the foreskin without injected anesthesia and/or sutures-are being rigorously evaluated. Incorporation of safe innovations into surgical VMMC programs may provide the opportunity to reach more men more quickly with services and dramatically reduce HIV incidence for all. C1 [Reed, Jason Bailey; Bock, Naomi] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Thomas, Anne Goldzier] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def HIV AIDS Program, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Bacon, Melanie C.] US Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD USA. [Bailey, Robert] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. [Curran, Kelly] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Jhpiego, Baltimore, MD USA. [Dickson, Kim] UNICEF, Hlth Sect, New York, NY USA. [Farley, Tim] WHO, Sigma3 Serv, Nyon, Switzerland. [Hankins, Catherine] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Geneva, Switzerland. [Hankins, Catherine] Joint United Nations Programme HIV AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland. [Justman, Jessica] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Int Ctr AIDS Care & Treatment Programs, New York, NY USA. [Mwandi, Zebedee] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. [Ridzon, Renee] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Ahimsa Grp LLC, Seattle, WA USA. [Ryan, Caroline] Off Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC USA. RP Reed, JB (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jreed1@cdc.gov OI Hankins, Catherine/0000-0002-1642-8592 FU PEPFAR FX Various authors receive financial support or have professional relationships from PEPFAR (either as employees of PEPFAR-supported US Government agencies or as grantees/contractors) as outlined in the Copyright Transfer Agreement Forms. NR 54 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 60 SU 3 BP S88 EP S95 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825cac4e PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 981TR UT WOS:000306994100007 PM 22797745 ER PT J AU Irvin, DJ Stenger-Smith, JD Yandek, GR Carberry, JR Currie, DA Theodoropoulou, N Irvin, JA AF Irvin, David J. Stenger-Smith, John D. Yandek, Gregory R. Carberry, Jamie R. Currie, Daniel A. Theodoropoulou, Nikoleta Irvin, Jennifer A. TI Enhanced electrochemical response of solution-deposited n-doping polymer via cocasting with ionic liquid SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE co-casting; electroactive polymer; conducting polymers; electrochemistry; morphology; ion mobility; ionic liquid; n-doping ID QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE; LADDER POLYMERS; CONDUCTING POLYMERS; FILMS; TRANSPORT; REDOX; STATE; BBL AB A novel cocasting approach is presented for improving electroactivity of solution-cast films of conducting polymers. Solutions of the n-doping polymer poly(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline) (BBL) were co-deposited with the ionic liquid electrolyte 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMIBTI). The resultant co-continuous mixture yielded highly porous polymer films (CC-BBL) upon removal of solvent and EMIBTI. Electrochemical quartz crystal microgravimetry revealed that the n-doping process in neat ionic liquid is anion-dominant, which is contrary to what is observed in dilute electrolyte solutions. The CC-BBL films exhibit a thirty-fold increase in initial current response and capacity relative to non-cocast BBL films. While current response and capacity of the non-cocast BBL improve with cycling, they level out after 800 cycles at 35% of those of the CC-BBL. CC-BBL shows high n-doping stability; no decrease in electroactivity is seen after 1000 cycles. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012 C1 [Carberry, Jamie R.; Currie, Daniel A.; Theodoropoulou, Nikoleta; Irvin, Jennifer A.] SW Texas State Univ, Coll Sci, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. [Irvin, David J.] Syst & Mat Res Corp, Austin, TX 78756 USA. [Stenger-Smith, John D.] USN, Res Dept, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Yandek, Gregory R.] USAF, Prop Mat Applicat Branch, Res Lab, Prop Directorate Edwards AFB, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. RP Irvin, JA (reprint author), SW Texas State Univ, Coll Sci, 601 Univ Dr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. EM jennifer.irvin@txstate.edu RI Irvin, Jennifer/C-7968-2013 OI Irvin, Jennifer/0000-0003-3500-8419 FU Office of Naval Research; ACS PRF [50120-UNI10] FX The authors thank the Office of Naval Research (Drs. M. Anderson and P. Armistead) and ACS PRF (grant #50120-UNI10) for the financial support of this project. (Supporting Information is available online from Wiley InterScience or from the author). Helpful suggestions from the reviewers are also appreciated. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 50 IS 16 BP 1145 EP 1150 DI 10.1002/polb.23111 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 969TV UT WOS:000306082700001 ER PT J AU Pomfret, MB Pietron, JJ AF Pomfret, Michael B. Pietron, Jeremy J. TI A Raman spectroelectrochemical study of potential-controlled benzenethiol desorption from Pt-Fe group alloy films SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Raman spectroscopy; Cyclic voltammetry; Platinum; Platinum alloys; Benzenethiol; PEM fuel cell ID FUEL-CELLS; IN-SITU; TRANSITION-METALS; OXYGEN REDUCTION; SURFACE; SPECTROSCOPY; OXIDATION; ELECTROCATALYSTS; ADSORPTION; HYDROGEN AB A combination of in situ Raman spectroelectrochemistry and cyclic voltammetric (CV) stripping methods is used to study the adsorption/desorption of benzenethiol (BT) at platinum (Pt) alloy electrodes. The data from both methods confirm that alloying Pt with Fe group metals enhances the sulfur tolerance of the alloy over Pt. The Raman signal of BT adsorbed at electrodeposited films of Pt3Co and Pt4Ni diminishes to a greater extent after only one oxidation/reduction cycle than that observed for BT adsorbed at pure Pt films. Oxidatively desorbed BT readsorbs at Pt3Co at a potential that is similar to 50 mV lower than that at which it readsorbs at either Pt or Pt4Ni films, further demonstrating its enhanced sulfur tolerance. Sulfate bands are absent from the spectra of all films, indicating that the metal-S bonds that form upon adsorption are broken during oxidative removal of BT rather than cleavage of C-S bonds in the BT adsorbate. The CV stripping data confirm that BT is more readily electrochemically stripped from the alloy films than from pure Pt films. The combination of Raman spectroelectrochemistry and CV stripping enables more comprehensive characterization of sulfur-tolerant electrocatalyst surfaces in situ, under electrochemical conditions. Published by Elsevier KV C1 [Pomfret, Michael B.; Pietron, Jeremy J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pomfret, MB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.pomfret@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through U.S. Naval Research Laboratory FX Support for this work was provided by the Office of Naval Research through the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. The authors acknowledge Nimel D. Theodore, Daniel K. Burden and Kathryn J. Wahl (NRL) for equipment use and Thomas P. Moffat (NIST), Debra R. Rolison, Jeffrey C. Owrutsky, Olga A. Baturina, Yannick Garsany, and Benjamin D. Gould (NRL) for helpful discussions. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 212 BP 212 EP 219 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.04.010 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 963AQ UT WOS:000305592900026 ER PT J AU Harmon, DF Reynolds, MB Graham, SR Hopkinson, KM AF Harmon, D. F. Reynolds, M. B. Graham, S. R. Hopkinson, K. M. TI Integrating disruption-prone links into reliable networks: a transmission control protocol friendly approach SO IET COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID AD HOC NETWORKS; DELAY-TOLERANT NETWORK; TCP PERFORMANCE AB Although progress has been made to satisfy mobility at the network's edge, much work remains for deeper mobility requirements. In many emergency or military applications, fixed network infrastructure may not be available or even possible. As mobile military data requirements grow, and spectrum limitations increase, systems must better utilise the diminishing available bandwidth of wireless radio frequency and free space optical links. To achieve better utilisation, disruption-prone networks require disruption-tolerant protocols or localised buffering to mask disruptions. Transmission control protocol (TCP)/IP assumes reliable links and performs well in networks with congestion dominated packet losses, but poorly with link failure dominated packet losses. Although TCP might be altered for disruptive environments, evolutionary reasons make it difficult to do so well without partitioning networks into reliable and disruption-tolerant systems. Instead, the authors examine transport layer aware helper protocols, with intermediate buffering in routers, to assist TCP across disruption-prone network portions. The buffering does not require TCP modifications at communicating nodes and integrate well with existing routers (i.e. TCP friendly). Experimental results show that TCP can reliably establish and maintain connections under poor link availability using the buffering protocol. Few TCP connections complete without it. C1 [Harmon, D. F.; Graham, S. R.; Hopkinson, K. M.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Reynolds, M. B.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Crane Div, Crane, IN 47522 USA. RP Harmon, DF (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM duane.harmon@us.af.mil; michael.reynolds@navy.mil; dr.scott.graham@gmail.com; kenneth.hopkinson@afit.edu OI Graham, Scott/0000-0003-0193-1192 FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 1751-8628 EI 1751-8636 J9 IET COMMUN JI IET Commun. PD AUG 14 PY 2012 VL 6 IS 12 BP 1702 EP 1709 DI 10.1049/iet-com.2011.0504 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 027OJ UT WOS:000310362100014 ER PT J AU Pletsch, HJ Guillemot, L Allen, B Kramer, M Aulbert, C Fehrmann, H Baring, MG Camilo, F Caraveo, PA Grove, JE Kerr, M Marelli, M Ransom, SM Ray, PS Parkinson, PMS AF Pletsch, H. J. Guillemot, L. Allen, B. Kramer, M. Aulbert, C. Fehrmann, H. Baring, M. G. Camilo, F. Caraveo, P. A. Grove, J. E. Kerr, M. Marelli, M. Ransom, S. M. Ray, P. S. Parkinson, P. M. Saz TI PSR J1838-0537: DISCOVERY OF A YOUNG, ENERGETIC GAMMA-RAY PULSAR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: stars; ISM: individual objects (HESS J1841-055); pulsars: individual (PSR J1838-0537) ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; TIME-DIFFERENCING TECHNIQUE; MILLISECOND PULSARS; SOURCE CATALOG; RADIO; SEARCH; EMISSION; GLITCHES AB We report the discovery of PSR J1838-0537, a gamma-ray pulsar found through a blind search of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). The pulsar has a spin frequency of 6.9 Hz and a frequency derivative of -2.2 x 10 (11) Hz s (1), implying a young characteristic age of 4970 yr and a large spin-down power of 5.9 x 10(36) erg s(-1). Follow-up observations with radio telescopes detected no pulsations; thus PSR J1838-0537 appears radio-quiet as viewed from Earth. In 2009 September the pulsar suffered the largest glitch so far seen in any gamma-ray-only pulsar, causing a relative increase in spin frequency of about 5.5 x 10(-6). After the glitch, during a putative recovery period, the timing analysis is complicated by the sparsity of the LAT photon data, the weakness of the pulsations, and the reduction in average exposure from a coincidental, contemporaneous change in LAT's sky-survey observing pattern. The pulsar's sky position is coincident with the spatially extended TeV source HESS J1841-055 detected by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H. E. S. S.). The inferred energetics suggest that HESS J1841-055 contains a pulsar wind nebula powered by the pulsar. C1 [Pletsch, H. J.; Allen, B.; Aulbert, C.; Fehrmann, H.] Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Pletsch, H. J.; Allen, B.; Aulbert, C.; Fehrmann, H.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Gravitat Phys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Guillemot, L.; Kramer, M.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Allen, B.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Kramer, M.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Camilo, F.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Grove, J. E.; Ray, P. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kerr, M.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kerr, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ransom, S. M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ NRAO, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Pletsch, HJ (reprint author), Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. EM holger.pletsch@aei.mpg.de; guillemo@mpifr-bonn.mpg.de RI Allen, Bruce/K-2327-2012; Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; OI Allen, Bruce/0000-0003-4285-6256; Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278; Marelli, Martino/0000-0002-8017-0338; Aulbert, Carsten/0000-0002-1481-8319; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Ransom, Scott/0000-0001-5799-9714 FU Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; U.S. National Science Foundation [0970074, 1104902] FX We thank M.-H. Grondin, M. Lemoine-Goumard, and J. Mehault for helpful discussions on HESS J1841-055. This work was partly supported by the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft and by U.S. National Science Foundation grants 0970074 and 1104902. The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from several agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and DOE in the United States, CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS in France, ASI and INFN in Italy, MEXT, KEK, and JAXA in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support from INAF in Italy and CNES in France for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. NR 43 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 2012 VL 755 IS 1 AR L20 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/755/1/L20 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 980YS UT WOS:000306930700020 ER PT J AU Bernstein, N AF Bernstein, Noam TI Comment on "Time needed to board an airplane: A power law and the structure behind it" SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Editorial Material AB Frette and Hemmer [Phys. Rev. E 85, 011130 (2012)] recently showed that for a simple model for the boarding of an airplane, the mean time to board scales as a power law with the number of passengers N and the exponent is less than 1. They note that this scaling leads to the prediction that the "back-to-front" strategy, where passengers are divided into groups from contiguous ranges of rows and each group is allowed to board in turn from back to front once the previous group has found their seats, has a longer boarding time than would a single group. Here I extend their results to a larger number of passengers using a sampling approach and explore a scenario where the queue is presorted into groups from back to front, but allowed to enter the plane as soon as they can. I show that the power law dependence on passenger numbers is different for large N and that there is a boarding time reduction for presorted groups, with a power law dependence on the number of presorted groups. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bernstein, N (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD AUG 10 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 2 AR 023101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.86.023101 PN 1 PG 2 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 986YQ UT WOS:000307384000008 PM 23005813 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Allafort, A Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bottacini, E Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Busetto, G Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Dermer, CD Digel, SW Silva, ECE Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Falletti, L Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Focke, WB Fukazawa, Y Fukui, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashi, K Horan, D Hou, X Hughes, RE Itoh, R Jackson, MS Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Larsson, S Lee, SH Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Martin, P Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Mehault, J Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Naumann-Godo, M Nemmen, R Nishino, S Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pesce-Rollins, M Pierbattista, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Romoli, C Roth, M Sada, T Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, DA Sbarra, C Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strong, AW Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tibolla, O Tinivella, M Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Uehara, T Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Yamamoto, H Yang, Z Zimmer, S AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Allafort, A. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bottacini, E. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Busetto, G. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Falletti, L. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Focke, W. B. Fukazawa, Y. Fukui, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashi, K. Horan, D. Hou, X. Hughes, R. E. Itoh, R. Jackson, M. S. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Larsson, S. Lee, S. -H. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Martin, P. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Mehault, J. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Naumann-Godo, M. Nemmen, R. Nishino, S. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Romoli, C. Roth, M. Sada, T. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. A. Sbarra, C. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strong, A. W. Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, O. Tinivella, M. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Uehara, T. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Yamamoto, H. Yang, Z. Zimmer, S. TI FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE STUDY OF COSMIC RAYS AND THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM IN NEARBY MOLECULAR CLOUDS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; gamma rays: ISM ID GAMMA-RAYS; CO SURVEY; GALACTIC QUADRANT; MILKY-WAY; EMISSION; GAS; EGRET; GALAXY; ORION AB We report an analysis of the interstellar gamma-ray emission from the Chamaeleon, R Coronae Australis (R CrA), and Cepheus and Polaris flare regions with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. They are among the nearest molecular cloud complexes, within similar to 300 pc from the solar system. The gamma-ray emission produced by interactions of cosmic rays (CRs) and interstellar gas in those molecular clouds is useful to study the CR densities and distributions of molecular gas close to the solar system. The obtained gamma-ray emissivities above 250 MeV are (5.9 +/- 0.1(stat-1.0sys)(+0.9)) x 10(-27) photons s(-1) sr(-1) H-atom(-1), (10.2 +/- 0.4(stat-1.7sys)(+1.2)) x 10(-27) photons s(-1) sr(-1) H-atom(-1), and (9.1 +/- 0.3(stat-0.6sys)(+1.5)) x 10(-27) photons s(-1) sr(-1) H-atom(-1) for the Chamaeleon, R CrA, and Cepheus and Polaris flare regions, respectively. Whereas the energy dependences of the emissivities agree well with that predicted from direct CR observations at the Earth, the measured emissivities from 250 MeV to 10 GeV indicate a variation of the CR density by similar to 20% in the neighborhood of the solar system, even if we consider systematic uncertainties. The molecular mass calibrating ratio, X-CO = N(H-2)/W-CO, is found to be (0.96 +/- 0.06(stat-0.12sys)(+0.15)) x 10(20) H-2-molecule cm(-2) (K km s(-1))(-1), (0.99 +/- 0.08(stat-0.10sys)(+0.18)) x 10(20) H-2-molecule cm(-2) (K km s(-1))(-1), and (0.63 +/- 0.02(stat-0.07sys)(+0.09)) x 10(20) H-2-molecule cm(-2) (K km s(-1))(-1) for the Chamaeleon, R CrA, and Cepheus and Polaris flare regions, respectively, suggesting a variation of X-CO in the vicinity of the solar system. From the obtained values of X-CO, the masses of molecular gas traced by W-CO in the Chamaeleon, R CrA, and Cepheus and Polaris flare regions are estimated to be similar to 5 x 10(3)M(circle dot), similar to 10(3)M(circle dot), and similar to 3.3 x 10(4)M(circle dot), respectively. A comparable amount of gas not traced well by standard Hi and CO surveys is found in the regions investigated. C1 [Ackermann, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. 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S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Pierbattista, M.] CEA IRFU CNRS Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. 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[Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEE CSIC, Barcelona, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Falletti, L.; Mehault, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10693 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; Larsson, S.; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10693 Stockholm, Sweden. [D'Ammando, F.] IASF Palermo, I-90146 Palermo, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ferrara, E. C.; Harding, A. K.; McEnery, J. E.; Nemmen, R.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Hayashi, K.; Itoh, R.; Mizuno, T.; Nishino, S.; Sada, T.; Uehara, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Fukui, Y.; Yamamoto, H.] Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Grenier, I. A.] Inst Univ France, F-75005 Paris, France. [Grondin, M. -H.; Sanchez, D. A.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Grondin, M. -H.] Univ Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hou, X.] Univ Bordeaux 1, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, IN2P3 CNRS, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Hughes, R. E.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Jackson, M. S.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Katagiri, H.] Ibaraki Univ, Coll Sci, Mito, Ibaraki 3108512, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Lee, S. -H.] Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Lemoine-Goumard, M.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS IN2p3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Martin, P.; Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Ohno, M.; Okumura, A.; Ozaki, M.; Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Razzano, M.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Razzano, M.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tibolla, O.] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.; Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Tramacere, A.] INTEGRAL Sci Data Ctr, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. RP Ackermann, M (reprint author), Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. EM hayashi@hep01.hepl.hiroshima-u.ac.jp; mizuno@hep01.hepl.hiroshima-u.ac.jp RI Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Nemmen, Rodrigo/O-6841-2014; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; OI Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726 FU European Community [ERC-StG-259391]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France; NASA [NNX09AC15G]; Max Planck Society FX Funded by contract ERC-StG-259391 from the European Community.; The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden.; Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. We thank the GALPROP team for providing a development version of GALPROP model adjusted to the measurement data by the LAT. GALPROP development is supported by NASA grant NNX09AC15G and by the Max Planck Society. NR 33 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2012 VL 755 IS 1 AR 22 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/755/1/22 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 980RA UT WOS:000306909500022 ER PT J AU Chen, B Dai, XY Kochanek, CS Chartas, G Blackburne, JA Morgan, CW AF Chen, Bin Dai, Xinyu Kochanek, Christopher S. Chartas, George Blackburne, Jeffrey A. Morgan, Christopher W. TI X-RAY MONITORING OF GRAVITATIONAL LENSES WITH CHANDRA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; gravitational lensing: micro; quasars: individual (QJ0158-4325, HE0435-1223, HE1104-1805, SDSS0924+0219, SDSS1004+4112, Q2237+0305) ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; QUASAR PG 1115+080; ACCRETION DISK; QSO 2237+0305; SDSS J1004+4112; TIME-DELAY; BLACK-HOLE; MICROLENSING EVENT; SYSTEM Q2237+0305; CLOVERLEAF QUASAR AB We present Chandra monitoring data for six gravitationally lensed quasars: QJ 0158-4325, HE 0435-1223, SDSS 0924+0219, SDSS 1004+4112, HE 1104-1805, andQ2237+0305. X-raymicrolensing variability is detected in all six lenses with high confidence. We furthermore detect energy-dependent microlensing in HE 0435-1223, SDSS 0924+0219, SDSS 1004+4112, and Q 2237+0305. Through a detailed spectral analysis for each lens we find that simple power-law models plus Gaussian emission lines give good fits to the spectra. We detect intrinsic spectral variability in two epochs of Q 2237+0305, and differential absorption between images in QJ 0158-4325 and Q2237+0305. We also detect the Fe K alpha emission line in all six lenses, and the Ni xxvii K alpha line in two images of Q 2237+0305. The rest-frame equivalent widths of the Fe K alpha lines are measured to be 0.4-1.2 keV, significantly higher than those measured in typical active galactic nuclei of similar X-ray luminosities. This suggests that the Fe K alpha emission region is more compact or centrally concentrated than the continuum emission region. C1 [Chen, Bin; Dai, Xinyu] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Kochanek, Christopher S.; Blackburne, Jeffrey A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Chartas, George] Coll Charleston, Dept Phys & Astron, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. [Morgan, Christopher W.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Chen, B (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM bchen@ou.edu RI chen, bin/H-5989-2012; Dai, Xinyu/B-5735-2011 OI chen, bin/0000-0002-0799-2327; Dai, Xinyu/0000-0001-9203-2808 FU NASA/SAO [GO0-11121A/B/C/D, GO1-12139A/B/C, GO2-13132A/B/C]; National Science Foundation [AST-1009756, AST-0907848] FX We acknowledge the anonymous referee for helpful suggestions and the support from the NASA/SAO grants GO0-11121A/B/C/D, GO1-12139A/B/C, and GO2-13132A/B/C. C. S. K. and J.A.B. are supported by the NSF grant AST-1009756. C. W. M. is grateful for support by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-0907848. NR 84 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2012 VL 755 IS 1 AR 24 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/755/1/24 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 980RA UT WOS:000306909500024 ER PT J AU Hailey-Dunsheath, S Sturm, E Fischer, J Sternberg, A Gracia-Carpio, J Davies, R Gonzalez-Alfonso, E Mark, D Poglitsch, A Contursi, A Genzel, R Lutz, D Tacconi, L Veilleux, S Verma, A de Jong, JA AF Hailey-Dunsheath, S. Sturm, E. Fischer, J. Sternberg, A. Gracia-Carpio, J. Davies, R. Gonzalez-Alfonso, E. Mark, D. Poglitsch, A. Contursi, A. Genzel, R. Lutz, D. Tacconi, L. Veilleux, S. Verma, A. de Jong, J. A. TI HERSCHEL-PACS OBSERVATIONS OF FAR-IR CO LINE EMISSION IN NGC 1068: HIGHLY EXCITED MOLECULAR GAS IN THE CIRCUMNUCLEAR DISK SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (NGC 1068); galaxies: ISM; galaxies: nuclei; galaxies: Seyfert; infrared: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SEYFERT-GALAXY NGC-1068; WATER MASER EMISSION; INFRARED-EMISSION; STAR-FORMATION; SHOCK-WAVES; ISO-SWS; OBSCURING TORUS; RADIO STRUCTURE; CENTRAL ENGINE AB We report the detection of far-IR CO rotational emission from the prototypical Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068. Using Herschel-PACS, we have detected 11 transitions in the J(upper) = 14-30 (E-upper/k(B) = 580-2565 K) range, all of which are consistent with arising from within the central 10 '' (700 pc). The detected transitions are modeled as arising from two different components: a moderate-excitation (ME) component close to the galaxy systemic velocity and a high-excitation (HE) component that is blueshifted by similar to 80 km s(-1). We employ a large velocity gradient model and derive n(H2) similar to 10(5.6) cm(-3), T-kin similar to 170 K, and M-H2 similar to 10(6.7) M-circle dot for the ME component and n(H2) similar to 10(6.4) cm(-3), T-kin similar to 570 K, and M-H2 similar to 10(5.6) M-circle dot for the HE component, although for both components the uncertainties in the density and mass are +/-(0.6-0.9) dex. Both components arise from denser and possibly warmer gas than traced by low-J CO transitions, and the ME component likely makes a significant contribution to the mass budget in the nuclear region. We compare the CO line profiles with those of other molecular tracers observed at higher spatial and spectral resolution and find that the ME transitions are consistent with these lines arising in the similar to 200 pc diameter ring of material traced by H-2 1-0 S(1) observations. The blueshift of the HE lines may also be consistent with the bluest regions of this H-2 ring, but a better kinematic match is found with a clump of infalling gas similar to 40 pc north of the active galactic nucleus (AGN). We consider potential heating mechanisms and conclude that X-ray-or shock heating of both components is viable, while far-UV heating is unlikely. We discuss the prospects of placing the HE component near the AGN and conclude that while the moderate thermal pressure precludes an association with the similar to 1 pc radius H2O maser disk, the HE component could potentially be located only a few parsecs more distant from the AGN and might then provide the N-H similar to 10(25) cm(-2) column obscuring the nuclear hard X-rays. Finally, we also report sensitive upper limits extending up to J(upper) = 50, which place constraints on a previous model prediction for the CO emission from the X-ray obscuring torus. C1 [Hailey-Dunsheath, S.; Sturm, E.; Gracia-Carpio, J.; Davies, R.; Poglitsch, A.; Contursi, A.; Genzel, R.; Lutz, D.; Tacconi, L.; de Jong, J. A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Fischer, J.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sternberg, A.; Mark, D.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Ramat Aviv, Israel. [Gonzalez-Alfonso, E.] Univ Alcala de Henares, Dept Fis, Madrid 28871, Spain. [Veilleux, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Veilleux, S.] NASA, Astroparticle Phys Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Verma, A.] Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. RP Hailey-Dunsheath, S (reprint author), CALTECH, Mail Code 301-17,1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM shd@astro.caltech.edu FU US ONR; NHSC; DFG [STE1869/1-1.GE625/15-1]; Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [AYA2010-21697-C05-01]; Senior NPP from NASA; BMVIT(Austria); ESA-PRODEX (Belgium); CEA/CNES (France); DLR (Germany); ASI/INAF (Italy); CICYT/MCYT (Spain) FX We thank Eva Schinnerer for generously providing her IRAM PdBI CO(1-0) and CO(2-1) data and Francisco Muller Sanchez for providing his SINFONI/VLT H2 1-0 S(1) map. We also thank an anonymous referee for many helpful comments on an early draft of this manuscript. Basic research in IR astronomy at NRL is funded by the US ONR; J.F. also acknowledges support from the NHSC. We thank the DFG for support via German-Israel Project Cooperation grant STE1869/1-1.GE625/15-1. E. G.-A. thanks the support by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion under project AYA2010-21697-C05-01 and is a Research Associate at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. S. V. acknowledges support from a Senior NPP Award from NASA and thanks the host institution, the Goddard Space Flight Center. PACS has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by MPE (Germany) and including UVIE (Austria); KU Leuven, CSL, IMEC (Belgium); CEA, LAM (France); MPIA (Germany); INAF-IFSI/OAA/OAP/OAT, LENS, SISSA (Italy); IAC (Spain). This development has been supported by the funding agencies BMVIT(Austria), ESA-PRODEX (Belgium), CEA/CNES (France), DLR (Germany), ASI/INAF (Italy), and CICYT/MCYT (Spain). NR 95 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2012 VL 755 IS 1 AR 57 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/755/1/57 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 980RA UT WOS:000306909500057 ER PT J AU Wood, BE Wu, CC Rouillard, AP Howard, RA Socker, DG AF Wood, B. E. Wu, C-C Rouillard, A. P. Howard, R. A. Socker, D. G. TI A CORONAL HOLE'S EFFECTS ON CORONAL MASS EJECTION SHOCK MORPHOLOGY IN THE INNER HELIOSPHERE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE interplanetary medium; solar wind; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) ID RANKINE-HUGONIOT PROBLEM; SOLAR-WIND; MAGNETIC-FIELD; EMPIRICAL RECONSTRUCTION; STEREO MISSION; SIMULATION; CLOUDS; PROPAGATION; NORMALS; MODEL AB We use STEREO imagery to study the morphology of a shock driven by a fast coronal mass ejection (CME) launched from the Sun on 2011 March 7. The source region of the CME is located just to the east of a coronal hole. The CME ejecta is deflected away from the hole, in contrast with the shock, which readily expands into the fast outflow from the coronal hole. The result is a CME with ejecta not well centered within the shock surrounding it. The shock shape inferred from the imaging is compared with in situ data at 1 AU, where the shock is observed near Earth by the Wind spacecraft, and at STEREO-A. Shock normals computed from the in situ data are consistent with the shock morphology inferred from imaging. C1 [Wood, B. E.; Wu, C-C; Howard, R. A.; Socker, D. G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rouillard, A. P.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Wood, BE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.wood@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA [NNH10AN83I, NAS5-00132, NAS5-00133]; USAF Space Test Program; ONR FX This work has been supported by NASA award NNH10AN83I to the Naval Research Laboratory. The STEREO/SECCHI data are produced by a consortium of NRL (U.S.), LMSAL (U.S.), NASA/GSFC (U.S.), RAL (UK), UBHAM (UK), MPS (Germany), CSL (Belgium), IOTA (France), and IAS (France). In addition to funding by NASA, NRL also received support from the USAF Space Test Program and ONR. This work has also made use of data provided by the STEREO PLASTIC and IMPACT teams, supported by NASA contracts NAS5-00132 and NAS5-00133. The Hakamada-Akasofu-Fry solar wind model version 2 (HAFv2) was provided to NRL/SSD by a software license from Exploration Physics International, Inc. (EXPI). NR 47 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2012 VL 755 IS 1 AR 43 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/755/1/43 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 980RA UT WOS:000306909500043 ER PT J AU Timko, PG Arbic, BK Richman, JG Scott, RB Metzger, EJ Wallcraft, AJ AF Timko, Patrick G. Arbic, Brian K. Richman, James G. Scott, Robert B. Metzger, E. Joseph Wallcraft, Alan J. TI Skill tests of three-dimensional tidal currents in a global ocean model: A look at the North Atlantic SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE MANIFESTATION; HARMONIC-ANALYSIS; INTERNAL TIDES; KINETIC-ENERGY; CIRCULATION; ACCURACY AB We present and apply several skill tests to assess tidal currents generated within a global ocean model compared to an archive of current meter records spanning 40 years. Within the North Atlantic we have identified over 1800 velocity records available for comparison to model output. The skill tests identify those regions where tidal ellipse parameters (semi-major/minor axis, inclination and Greenwich phase) fall within 95% confidence intervals derived from observations. Additional skill tests examine the vertical and horizontal structure of the tidal currents using the correlation and root mean square error between the observations and model. The skill tests account for grid misrepresentation within the model by comparing model values in a local 9-point neighborhood. Both the three-dimensional structure of model tidal currents and barotropic model tidal currents are compared to the altimetry based barotropic model TPXO 7.2. Our results indicate that the non-data assimilative ocean model performance is comparable to TPXO 7.2. The semi-major axes of the semi-diurnal constituents lie within the 95% confidence intervals between 40% and 60% of the time in some regions of the North Atlantic. The performance degrades when all tidal ellipse parameters are considered. Root mean square errors between the model and observations distributed through the water column are generally less than 1 cm s(-1) representing an error of less than similar to 10% for constituent M-2. The model tides also exhibit high correlation with observations in the horizontal planes. The skill tests could be adapted to other sets of observations and other models. C1 [Timko, Patrick G.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Timko, Patrick G.; Arbic, Brian K.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Richman, James G.; Metzger, E. Joseph; Wallcraft, Alan J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Scott, Robert B.] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Inst Geophys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Scott, Robert B.] Univ Bretagne Occidentale, CNRS, Dept Phys, Brest, France. [Scott, Robert B.] Univ Bretagne Occidentale, CNRS, LPO, Brest, France. RP Timko, PG (reprint author), Ctr Appl Marine Sci, Marine Sci Labs, Menai Bridge LL59 5AB, Anglesey, Wales. EM p.timko@bangor.ac.uk OI Arbic, Brian K/0000-0002-7969-2294 FU University of Texas Jackson School of Geosciences Development grant; Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) contract [N000173-06-2-C003]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-09-1-1003, N00014-11-1-0487]; National Science Foundation grant [OCE-0924481]; NSF [OCE-0960834, OCE-0851457]; National Oceanography Centre, Southampton; NASA; DOD High Performance Computing Modernization Program at the Navy DSRC; Office of Naval Research (ONR) through ONR 6.2 Eddy Resolving Global Ocean Prediction Including Tides FX We would like to thank those individuals involved in the review of this manuscript. They provided many helpful and useful comments leading to significant improvements in both the presentation and analysis of this paper. PGT and BKA acknowledge support from a University of Texas Jackson School of Geosciences Development grant, Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) contract N000173-06-2-C003, Office of Naval Research grants N00014-09-1-1003 and N00014-11-1-0487, and National Science Foundation grant OCE-0924481. RBS acknowledges support from NSF grants OCE-0960834 and OCE-0851457, a contract with the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, and a NASA subcontract to Boston University. This work was supported in part by a grant of computer time from the DOD High Performance Computing Modernization Program at the Navy DSRC. JGR, EJM, and AJW acknowledge support from the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the following project: ONR 6.2 Eddy Resolving Global Ocean Prediction Including Tides. This is contribution NRL/JA/7320-11-0889 and has been approved for public release. This is UTIG contribution 2453. NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD AUG 9 PY 2012 VL 117 AR C08014 DI 10.1029/2011JC007617 PG 22 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 988CX UT WOS:000307466900002 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Alekseev, I Alford, J Anderson, BD Anson, CD Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, E Averichev, GS Balewski, J Banerjee, A Barnovska, Z Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Bridgeman, A Brovko, SG Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Butterworth, J Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Chen, L Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Chung, P Chwastowski, J Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Cui, X Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J de Souza, RD Dhamija, S Didenko, L Ding, F Dion, A Djawotho, P Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Eun, L Evdokimov, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Geurts, F Gliske, S Gorbunov, YN Grebenyuk, OG Grosnick, D Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hajkova, O Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Horvat, S Huang, B Huang, HZ Huck, P Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jena, C Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kesich, A Kettler, D Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kizka, V Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Koroleva, L Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kowalik, K Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, L Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lima, LM Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Lu, Y Luo, X Luszczak, A Ma, GL Ma, YG Don, DMMDM Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Millane, J Mioduszewski, S Mitrovski, MK Mohammed, Y Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, B Munhoz, MG Mustafa, MK Naglis, M Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nogach, LV Novak, J Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Oliveira, RAN Olson, D Ostrowski, P Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Peryt, W Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Powell, CB Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Przybycien, M Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Qiu, H Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Riley, CK Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ross, JF Ruan, L Rusnak, J Sahoo, NR Sakrejda, I Sakuma, T Salur, S Sandacz, A Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Sarsour, M Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, B Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, B Sharma, M Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, D Smirnov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P deSouza, UG Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Staszak, D Steadman, SG Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Turnau, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wada, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Witzke, W Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xin, K Xu, H Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yang, Y Yepes, P Yi, Y Yip, K Yoo, IK Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneeva, Y AF Adamczyk, L. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anderson, B. D. Anson, C. D. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Banerjee, A. Barnovska, Z. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Brandin, A. V. Bridgeman, A. Brovko, S. G. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Butterworth, J. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon De la Barca Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Christie, W. Chung, P. Chwastowski, J. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Cui, X. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. de Souza, R. Derradi Dhamija, S. Didenko, L. Ding, F. Dion, A. Djawotho, P. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Fedorisin, J. Fersch, R. G. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Geurts, F. Gliske, S. Gorbunov, Y. N. Grebenyuk, O. G. Grosnick, D. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hajkova, O. Hamed, A. Han, L-X. Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Horvat, S. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jena, C. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kesich, A. Kettler, D. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Kizka, V. Klein, S. R. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Koroleva, L. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kowalik, K. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, L. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lima, L. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Lu, Y. Luo, X. Luszczak, A. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Millane, J. Mioduszewski, S. Mitrovski, M. K. Mohammed, Y. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, B. Munhoz, M. G. Mustafa, M. K. Naglis, M. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nogach, L. V. Novak, J. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Oliveira, R. A. N. Olson, D. Ostrowski, P. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Powell, C. B. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Przybycien, M. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Riley, C. K. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ross, J. F. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Sahoo, N. R. Sakrejda, I. Sakuma, T. Salur, S. Sandacz, A. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Sarkar, A. Sarsour, M. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, B. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. R. Seele, J. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, B. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, D. Smirnov, N. Solanki, D. Sorensen, P. deSouza, U. G. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Staszak, D. Steadman, S. G. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Turnau, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wada, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Witzke, W. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xin, K. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yi, Y. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneeva, Y. CA STAR Collaboration TI Longitudinal and transverse spin asymmetries for inclusive jet production at mid-rapidity in polarized p+p collisions at root s=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; DEPENDENT STRUCTURE-FUNCTION; STRUCTURE-FUNCTION G(1)(N); P COLLISIONS; QCD ANALYSIS; NUCLEON; PROTON; STAR; PHOTOPRODUCTION; Q(2)-DEPENDENCE AB We report STAR measurements of the longitudinal double-spin asymmetry A(LL), the transverse singlespin asymmetry A(N), and the transverse double-spin asymmetries A(Sigma) and A(TT) for inclusive jet production at mid-rapidity in polarized p + p collisions at a center-of-mass energy of root s = 200 GeV. The data represent integrated luminosities of 7.6 pb(-1) with longitudinal polarization and 1.8 pb(-1) with transverse polarization, with 50%-55% beam polarization, and were recorded in 2005 and 2006. No evidence is found for the existence of statistically significant jet A(N), A(Sigma), or A(TT) at mid-rapidity. Recent model calculations indicate the A(N) results may provide new limits on the gluon Sivers distribution in the proton. The asymmetry A(LL) significantly improves the knowledge of gluon polarization in the nucleon. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Przybycien, M.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Krakow, Poland. [Bridgeman, A.; Gliske, S.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; Didenko, L.; Dion, A.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Huang, B.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Mitrovski, M. K.; Ogawa, A.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brovko, S. G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De la Barca; Cebra, D.; Ding, F.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Kesich, A.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.; Sangaline, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cendejas, R.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Pan, Y. X.; Shah, N.; Staszak, D.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Xu, W.; Zhao, F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Chen, J. Y.; Chen, L.; Huck, P.; Ke, H. W.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y. F.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J. B.] Cent China Normal Univ, HZNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Betts, R. R.; Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Kauder, K.; Pei, H.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Chwastowski, J.; Luszczak, A.] Cracow Univ Technol, Krakow, Poland. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige; McShane, T. S.; Ross, J. F.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Hajkova, O.; Pachr, M.] Czech Tech Univ, Fac Nucl Sci & Phys Engn, CR-11519 Prague, Czech Republic. [Barnovska, Z.; Bielcikova, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Chung, P.; Kapitan, J.; Rusnak, J.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. [Kollegger, T.; Schuster, T. R.; Stock, R.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. [Jena, C.; Mahapatra, D. P.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Dhamija, S.; Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Stevens, J. R.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Koroleva, L.; Morozov, B.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Alakhverdyants, A. V.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Kizka, V.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Alford, J.; Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kumar, L.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Fatemi, R.; Fersch, R. G.; Korsch, W.; Webb, G.; Witzke, W.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Eun, L.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Kowalik, K.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Millane, J.; Naglis, M.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Powell, C. B.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Corliss, R.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Leight, W.; Redwine, R.; Seele, J.; Steadman, S. G.; Surrow, B.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Wang, H.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Okorokov, V.; Strikhanov, M.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Anson, C. D.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.; Koralt, I.; Plyku, D.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Pawlik, B.; Turnau, J.] Inst Nucl Phys PAS, Krakow, Poland. [Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Nogach, L. V.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Kikola, D. P.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Mustafa, M. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.; Yi, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Solanki, D.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Lima, L. M.; Munhoz, M. G.; Oliveira, R. A. N.; deSouza, U. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Cui, X.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Li, X.; Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Chen, J. H.; Han, L-X.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shou, Q. Y.; Tian, J.; Xue, L.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Borowski, W.; Kabana, S.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mohammed, Y.; Mondal, M. M.; Sakuma, T.; Sarsour, M.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Leyva, A. Davila; Hoffmann, G. W.; Li, L.; Markert, C.; Oldag, E. W.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; De Silva, L. C.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Banerjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Mohanty, B.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Sahoo, N. R.; Singaraju, R. N.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Kisiel, A.; Ostrowski, P.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Sandacz, A.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Putschke, J.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Ohlson, A.; Riley, C. K.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Adamczyk, L (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Krakow, Poland. RI Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Aparecido Negrao de Oliveira, Renato/G-9133-2015; Bruna, Elena/C-4939-2014; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Xue, Liang/F-8077-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; OI Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Bruna, Elena/0000-0001-5427-1461; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Xue, Liang/0000-0002-2321-9019; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; Ke, Hongwei/0000-0003-1463-7291 FU Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; BMBF of Germany; CNRS/IN2P3, RA, RPL; EMN of France; EPSRC of the United Kingdom; FAPESP of Brazil; Russian Ministry of Education and Science; Ministry of Education and the NNSFC of China; IRP and GA of the Czech Republic; FOM of the Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR of the Government of India; Swiss NSF; Polish State Committee for Scientific Research; SRDA of Slovakia; Korea Science and Engineering Foundation; Renaissance Technologies Corporation; RCF; NERSC Center FX The authors thank W. Vogelsang and M. Stratmann for providing calculations and discussion. We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, and the NERSC Center at LBNL for their support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; the U.S. NSF; the BMBF of Germany; CNRS/IN2P3, RA, RPL, and EMN of France; EPSRC of the United Kingdom; FAPESP of Brazil; the Russian Ministry of Education and Science; the Ministry of Education and the NNSFC of China; IRP and GA of the Czech Republic, FOM of the Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of the Government of India; Swiss NSF; the Polish State Committee for Scientific Research; SRDA of Slovakia, and the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation. Finally, we gratefully acknowledge a sponsored research grant for the 2006 run period from Renaissance Technologies Corporation. NR 79 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 9 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 3 AR 032006 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.86.032006 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 986GN UT WOS:000307330100001 ER PT J AU Yoon, SJ Palastro, JP Gordon, D Antonsen, TM Milchberg, HM AF Yoon, S. J. Palastro, J. P. Gordon, D. Antonsen, T. M. Milchberg, H. M. TI Quasi-phase-matched acceleration of electrons in a corrugated plasma channel SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB A laser pulse propagating in a corrugated plasma channel is composed of spatial harmonics whose phase velocities can be subluminal. The phase velocity of a spatial harmonic can be matched to the speed of a relativistic electron resulting in direct acceleration by the guided laser field in a plasma waveguide and linear energy gain over the interaction length. Here we examine the fully self-consistent interaction of the laser pulse and electron beam using particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. For low electron beam densities, we find that the ponderomotive force of the laser pulse pushes plasma channel electrons towards the propagation axis, which deflects the beam electrons. When the beam density is high, the space charge force of the beam drives the channel electrons off axis, providing collimation of the beam. In addition, we consider a ramped density profile for lowering the threshold energy for trapping in a subluminal spatial harmonic. By using a density ramp, the trapping energy for a normalized vector potential of a(0) = 0.1 is reduced from a relativistic factor gamma(0) = 170 to gamma(0) = 20. C1 [Yoon, S. J.; Palastro, J. P.; Antonsen, T. M.; Milchberg, H. M.] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Gordon, D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yoon, SJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RI Antonsen, Thomas/D-8791-2017 OI Antonsen, Thomas/0000-0002-2362-2430 FU U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency; Department of Energy; National Science Foundation; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency, the Department of Energy, the National Science Foundation, and the Office of Naval Research. The authors thank B. Layer for fruitful discussion. NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD AUG 9 PY 2012 VL 15 IS 8 AR 081305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.15.081305 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA V35DA UT WOS:000209129800001 ER PT J AU Tam, J Cinar, R Liu, J Godlewski, G Wesley, D Jourdan, T Szanda, G Mukhopadhyay, B Chedester, L Liow, JS Innis, RB Cheng, KJ Rice, KC Deschamps, JR Chorvat, RJ McElroy, JF Kunos, G AF Tam, Joseph Cinar, Resat Liu, Jie Godlewski, Grzegorz Wesley, Daniel Jourdan, Tony Szanda, Gergo Mukhopadhyay, Bani Chedester, Lee Liow, Jeih-San Innis, Robert B. Cheng, Kejun Rice, Kenner C. Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Chorvat, Robert J. McElroy, John F. Kunos, George TI Peripheral Cannabinoid-1 Receptor Inverse Agonism Reduces Obesity by Reversing Leptin Resistance SO CELL METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID DIET-INDUCED OBESITY; ENERGY-BALANCE; CB1 RECEPTOR; ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; FOOD-INTAKE; INSULIN; CELLS; MICE; METABOLISM AB Obesity-related leptin resistance manifests in loss of leptin's ability to reduce appetite and increase energy expenditure. Obesity is also associated with increased activity of the endocannabinoid system, and CBI receptor (CB1R) inverse agonists reduce body weight and the associated metabolic complications, although adverse neuropsychiatric effects halted their therapeutic development. Here we show that in mice with diet-induced obesity (DIO), the peripherally restricted Ca1R inverse agonist JD5037 is equieffective with its brain-penetrant parent compound in reducing appetite, body weight, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance, even though it does not occupy central CB1R or induce related behaviors. Appetite and weight reduction by JD5037 are mediated by resensitizing DIO mice to endogenous leptin through reversing the hyperleptinemia by decreasing leptin expression and secretion by adipocytes and increasing leptin clearance via the kidney. Thus, inverse agonism at peripheral CB1R not only improves cardiometabolic risk in obesity but has antiobesity effects by reversing leptin resistance. C1 [Tam, Joseph; Cinar, Resat; Liu, Jie; Godlewski, Grzegorz; Wesley, Daniel; Jourdan, Tony; Szanda, Gergo; Mukhopadhyay, Bani; Chedester, Lee; Kunos, George] NIAAA, Lab Physiol Studies, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Liow, Jeih-San; Innis, Robert B.] NIMH, Mol Imaging Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Cheng, Kejun; Rice, Kenner C.] NIDA, Chem Biol Res Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Chorvat, Robert J.; McElroy, John F.] Jenrin Discovery Inc, Wilmington, DE 19810 USA. RP Tam, J (reprint author), NIAAA, Lab Physiol Studies, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM tamy@mail.nih.gov; george.kunos@nih.gov OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010; CINAR, RESAT/0000-0002-8597-7253 FU National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH; Jenrin Discovery, Inc. FX This work was supported by intramural funds from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH. Design and synthesis of JD5037 was funded by Jenrin Discovery, Inc. J.F.M. and R.J.C. hold a patent on JD5037. We thank V. Pike and C. Morris for support and advice with the PET studies, and M. Allen, R. Schwartzbeck, A. Noguchi, D. Springer, and R. Kechrid for their assistance with the animal studies. NR 61 TC 103 Z9 106 U1 3 U2 14 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1550-4131 J9 CELL METAB JI Cell Metab. PD AUG 8 PY 2012 VL 16 IS 2 BP 167 EP 179 DI 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.07.002 PG 13 WC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 990FB UT WOS:000307615300007 PM 22841573 ER PT J AU Huang, JF Hsu, NC Tsay, SC Holben, BN Welton, EJ Smirnov, A Jeong, MJ Hansell, RA Berkoff, TA Liu, ZY Liu, GR Campbell, JR Liew, SC Barnes, JE AF Huang, Jingfeng Hsu, N. Christina Tsay, Si-Chee Holben, Brent N. Welton, Ellsworth J. Smirnov, Alexander Jeong, Myeong-Jae Hansell, Richard A. Berkoff, Timothy A. Liu, Zhaoyan Liu, Gin-Rong Campbell, James R. Liew, Soo Chin Barnes, John E. TI Evaluations of cirrus contamination and screening in ground aerosol observations using collocated lidar systems SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID THIN CIRRUS; CLOUD CONTAMINATION; OPTICAL DEPTH; SATELLITE; ALGORITHM; RETRIEVAL; AERONET; CLIMATOLOGY; VARIABILITY; 1.38-MU-M AB Cirrus clouds, particularly subvisual high thin cirrus with low optical thickness, are difficult to screen in operational aerosol retrieval algorithms. Collocated aerosol and cirrus observations from ground measurements, such as the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) and the Micro-Pulse Lidar Network (MPLNET), provide us with an unprecedented opportunity to systematically examine the susceptibility of operational aerosol products to cirrus contamination. Quality assured aerosol optical thickness (AOT) measurements were also tested against the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) vertical feature mask (VFM) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) thin cirrus screening parameters for the purpose of evaluating cirrus contamination. Key results of this study include: (1) quantitative evaluations of data uncertainties in AERONET AOT retrievals are conducted; although AERONET cirrus screening schemes are successful in removing most cirrus contamination, strong residuals displaying strong spatial and seasonal variability still exist, particularly over thin cirrus prevalent regions during cirrus peak seasons; (2) challenges in matching up different data for analysis are highlighted and corresponding solutions proposed; and (3) estimates of the relative contributions from cirrus contamination to aerosol retrievals are discussed. The results are valuable for better understanding and further improving ground aerosol measurements that are critical for aerosol-related climate research. C1 [Huang, Jingfeng; Hsu, N. Christina; Tsay, Si-Chee; Holben, Brent N.; Welton, Ellsworth J.; Smirnov, Alexander; Hansell, Richard A.; Berkoff, Timothy A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Huang, Jingfeng] Morgan State Univ, Baltimore, MD 21239 USA. [Smirnov, Alexander] Sigma Space Corp, Lanham, MD USA. [Jeong, Myeong-Jae] Gangneung Wonju Natl Univ, Kangnung, South Korea. [Hansell, Richard A.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Berkoff, Timothy A.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Liu, Zhaoyan] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Liu, Gin-Rong] Natl Cent Univ, Ctr Space & Remote Sensing Res, Jhongli, Taiwan. [Campbell, James R.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Liew, Soo Chin] Natl Univ Singapore, Ctr Remote Imaging Sensing & Proc, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Barnes, John E.] NOAA, Mauna Loa Observ, ESRL, Hilo, HI USA. RP Huang, JF (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM jingfeng.huang@noaa.gov RI Liu, Zhaoyan/B-1783-2010; Campbell, James/C-4884-2012; Hsu, N. Christina/H-3420-2013; Liew, Soo Chin/C-9187-2011; Huang, Jingfeng/D-7336-2012; Tsay, Si-Chee/J-1147-2014; Hansell, Richard/J-2065-2014 OI Liu, Zhaoyan/0000-0003-4996-5738; Campbell, James/0000-0003-0251-4550; Liew, Soo Chin/0000-0001-8342-4682; Huang, Jingfeng/0000-0002-8779-2922; FU NASA EOS Program; NASA Earth Observing System and Radiation Sciences Program; NASA Earth Observing System project FX This work is supported by grant from the NASA EOS Program, managed by Hal Maring. Authors thank David Giles, Bo-Cai Gao, Steve Ou, Larry R. Belcher and Zhien Wang for their constructive comments on the use of in situ and satellite data, analysis methodology and cirrus climatology. Aqua MODIS L1B data were obtained from NASA L1 and Atmosphere Archive and Distribution System (LAADS). CALIPSO data were obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center. The NASA Micro-Pulse Lidar Network is funded by the NASA Earth Observing System and Radiation Sciences Program. The data at the COVE site are funded by the NASA Earth Observing System project. Authors acknowledge site PIs Brent N. Holben, Ellsworth J. Welton, Si-Chee Tsay, Jeffrey S. Reid, James R. Campbell, Soon-Chang Yoon, Gregory L. Schuster, Neng-Huei Lin, Joseph M. Prospero, John E. Barnes, Soo Chin Liew and all their colleagues for the AERONET and MPLNET sites data that are significantly used in this paper, and all other site PIs and their colleagues for all the site data used in this paper. Their tremendous efforts to collect the quality data sets and put them publicly available are sincerely appreciated. Authors thank the three reviewers for their valuable and insightful comments that helped to improve the paper significantly. NR 38 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 8 PY 2012 VL 117 AR D15204 DI 10.1029/2012JD017757 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 988AG UT WOS:000307459900001 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Alekseev, I Alford, J Anderson, BD Anson, CD Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, E Averichev, GS Balewski, J Banerjee, A Barnovska, Z Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Brovko, SG Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Butterworth, J Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCDLB Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Chen, L Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Chung, P Chwastowski, J Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Cui, X Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J De Souza, RD Dhamija, S Didenko, L Ding, F Dion, A Djawotho, P Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Eun, L Evdokimov, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Geurts, F Gibson, A Gliske, S Gorbunov, YN Grebenyuk, OG Grosnick, D Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hajkova, O Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Horvat, S Huang, B Huang, HZ Huck, P Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jena, C Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kesich, A Kettler, D Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kizka, V Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Koroleva, L Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, L Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lima, LM Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Lu, Y Luo, X Luszczak, A Ma, GL Ma, YG Don, DMMDM Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Mioduszewski, S Mitrovski, MK Mohammed, Y Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, B Munhoz, MG Mustafa, MK Naglis, M Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nogach, LV Novak, J Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Oliveira, RAN Olson, D Ostrowski, P Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Peryt, W Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Powell, CB Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Przybycien, M Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Qiu, H Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Riley, CK Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ross, JF Ruan, L Rusnak, J Sahoo, NR Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandacz, A Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, B Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, B Sharma, M Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, D Smirnov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P Desouza, UG Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Steadman, SG Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM De Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Turnau, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G Van Nieuwenhuizen, G Jr, JAV Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Videbk, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wada, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Jr, CW Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Witzke, W Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xin, K Xu, H Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yang, Y Yepes, P Yi, Y Yip, K Yoo, IK Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneeva, Y AF Adamczyk, L. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anderson, B. D. Anson, C. D. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Banerjee, A. Barnovska, Z. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Brandin, A. V. Brovko, S. G. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Butterworth, J. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon De la Barca Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Christie, W. Chung, P. Chwastowski, J. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Cui, X. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. De Souza, R. Derradi Dhamija, S. Didenko, L. Ding, F. Dion, A. Djawotho, P. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Fedorisin, J. Fersch, R. G. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Gliske, S. Gorbunov, Y. N. Grebenyuk, O. G. Grosnick, D. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hajkova, O. Hamed, A. Han, L-X. Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Horvat, S. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jena, C. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kesich, A. Kettler, D. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Kizka, V. Klein, S. R. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Koroleva, L. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, L. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lima, L. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Lu, Y. Luo, X. Luszczak, A. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Mioduszewski, S. Mitrovski, M. K. Mohammed, Y. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, B. Munhoz, M. G. Mustafa, M. K. Naglis, M. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nogach, L. V. Novak, J. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Oliveira, R. A. N. Olson, D. Ostrowski, P. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Powell, C. B. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Przybycien, M. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Riley, C. K. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ross, J. F. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Sahoo, N. R. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandacz, A. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, B. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. R. Seele, J. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, B. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, D. Smirnov, N. Solanki, D. Sorensen, P. Desouza, U. G. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Steadman, S. G. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. De Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Turnau, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Jr, J. A. Vanfossen Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Videbk, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wada, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Jr, C. Whitten Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Witzke, W. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xin, K. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yi, Y. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneeva, Y. CA STAR Collaboration TI Di-electron spectrum at mid-rapidity in p+p collisions at root s=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; RESISTIVE PLATE CHAMBERS; PARTICLE IDENTIFICATION; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; D+AU COLLISIONS; STAR EXPERIMENT; DECAYS; COLLABORATION; RESTORATION; PERSPECTIVE AB We report on the mid-rapidity mass spectrum of di-electrons and cross sections of pseudoscalar and vector mesons via e(+) e(-) decays, from root s = 200 GeV p + p collisions, measured by the large-acceptance experiment STAR at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The ratio of the di-electron continuum to the combinatorial background is larger than 10% over the entire mass range. Simulations of di-electrons from light-meson decays and heavy-flavor decays (charmonium and open charm correlation) are found to describe the data. The extracted omega -> e(+) e(-) invariant yields are consistent with previous measurements. The mid-rapidity yields (dN/dy) of phi and J/psi are extracted through their di-electron decay channels and are consistent with the previous measurements of phi -> K+ K- and J/psi -> e(+) e(-). Our results suggest a new upper limit of the branching ratio of the eta -> e(+) e(-) of 1.7 x 10(-5) at the 90% confidence level. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Przybycien, M.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Krakow, Poland. [Gliske, S.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; Didenko, L.; Dion, A.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Huang, B.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Mitrovski, M. K.; Ogawa, A.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbk, F.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brovko, S. G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De la Barca; Cebra, D.; Ding, F.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Kesich, A.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.; Sangaline, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cendejas, R.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Pan, Y. X.; Shah, N.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Jr, C. Whitten; Xu, W.; Zhao, F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [De Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, J. Y.; Chen, L.; Huck, P.; Ke, H. W.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y. F.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J. B.] Cent China Normal Univ HZNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Betts, R. R.; Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Kauder, K.; Pei, H.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. 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[Pawlik, B.; Turnau, J.] Inst Nucl Phys PAS, Krakow, Poland. [Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Nogach, L. V.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Kikola, D. P.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Mustafa, M. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.; Yi, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Solanki, D.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Lima, L. M.; Munhoz, M. G.; Oliveira, R. A. N.; Desouza, U. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; De Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Cui, X.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. 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[Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Banerjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Mohanty, B.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Sahoo, N. R.; Singaraju, R. N.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Kisiel, A.; Ostrowski, P.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Sandacz, A.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Putschke, J.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Ohlson, A.; Riley, C. K.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Adamczyk, L (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Krakow, Poland. RI Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; XIAO, Zhigang/C-3788-2015; Aparecido Negrao de Oliveira, Renato/G-9133-2015; Bruna, Elena/C-4939-2014; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Tang, Zebo/A-9939-2014; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013 OI Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Mohanty, Bedangadas/0000-0001-9610-2914; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; Ke, Hongwei/0000-0003-1463-7291; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Bruna, Elena/0000-0001-5427-1461; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Tang, Zebo/0000-0002-4247-0081; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; FU RHIC Operations Group; RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; Open Science Grid consortium; Offices of Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics within the US Department of Energy Office of Science; US NSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" of Germany; CNRS/IN2P3; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; GA of the Czech Republic; FOM; NWO of the Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia; MSMT of the Czech Republic FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics within the US Department of Energy Office of Science, the US NSF, the Sloan Foundation, the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" of Germany, CNRS/IN2P3, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FOM and NWO of the Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Korea Research Foundation, Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 64 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG 8 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 2 AR 024906 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.86.024906 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 985OB UT WOS:000307274900004 ER PT J AU Davis, MC Groshens, TJ AF Davis, Matthew C. Groshens, Thomas J. TI Nitration of tert-butyloxycarbonylated aniline and 1,3,5-triaminobenzene by acetyl nitrate SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Aromatic nitration; Acetyl nitrate; Aniline; Boc-protection ID REGIOSELECTIVE NITRATION; AROMATIC-SUBSTITUTION; ACID; REARRANGEMENT; ACETANILIDES; PRECURSOR; MECHANISM; GLUTAMATE AB Acetyl nitrate was found to be an effective reagent for aromatic mono- and dinitration of Boc-protected aminobenzenes. The method was used in a new synthesis of 1,35-triamino-2,4-dinitrobenzene in two steps with 63% yield. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Davis, Matthew C.; Groshens, Thomas J.] USN, Chem & Mat Div, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Davis, MC (reprint author), USN, Chem & Mat Div, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM matthew.davis@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX Financial support through an In-house Laboratory Independent Research award from the Office of Naval Research is gratefully acknowledged. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD AUG 8 PY 2012 VL 53 IS 32 BP 4154 EP 4155 DI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.05.139 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 978SN UT WOS:000306766200030 ER PT J AU Martin, BD Justin, GA Moore, MH Naciri, J Mazure, T Melde, BJ Stroud, RM Ratna, B AF Martin, Brett D. Justin, Gusphyl A. Moore, Martin H. Naciri, Jawad Mazure, Theresa Melde, Brian J. Stroud, Rhonda M. Ratna, Banahalli TI An Elastomeric Poly(Thiophene-EDOT) Composite with a Dynamically Variable Permeability Towards Organic and Water Vapors SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE interpenetrating networks; thiophene; conducting polymers; actuation ID IONIC LIQUIDS; POLY 3,4-ETHYLENEDIOXYTHIOPHENE; CONDUCTING POLYMERS; THIN-FILMS; TRANSPORT; MEMBRANES; POLYPYRROLE; TEMPERATURE; RELEASE; HYBRID AB An interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) material with controllable nanoporosity is developed for applications such as chemical protection. The IPN material is based on a conducting polymer backbone consisting of thiophene and 3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) repeat unitspoly(thiophene-EDOT)formed within a soft polyurethane support. The IPN demonstrates reversible, electrochemically switchable nanoporosity in the absence of standard liquid electrolyte, with the oxidized state being the open (high porosity) state and the reduced state being the closed (low porosity) state. The switching of the IPN between its oxidized (open) and reduced (closed) states is actuated using application of +/- 1.0 V. The variability in the IPN porosity, induced by the electrochemical switching, is revealed by large changes in water vapor diffusivity, as well as changes in the diffusivities of the chemical agent simulants chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) and methyl salicylate (MeS). The closed state of the IPN is able to decrease CEES diffusivity by approximate to 99% compared to expanded Teflon (ePTFE), while the open state allows high MVT rates comparable to ePTFE. The IPN's ability to allow high MVT under non-threat conditions (open state) and high protection from agents under threat conditions (closed state) is a unique and desirable characteristic of this novel IPN material. C1 [Martin, Brett D.; Moore, Martin H.; Naciri, Jawad; Melde, Brian J.; Ratna, Banahalli] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Justin, Gusphyl A.] Crosslink TM, St Louis, MO 63026 USA. [Mazure, Theresa] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Martin, BD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6930, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brett.martin@nrl.navy.mil; ratna@nrl.navy.mil RI Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008 OI Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015 FU National Research Council; Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Chemical and Biological Technologies Directorate [BA07PRO013] FX G.J. acknowledges the National Research Council for an NRC Postdoctoral Fellowship. The authors wish to thank Evgeniya Locke for helpful technical support. This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Chemical and Biological Technologies Directorate, program BA07PRO013. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 38 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1616-301X J9 ADV FUNCT MATER JI Adv. Funct. Mater. PD AUG 7 PY 2012 VL 22 IS 15 BP 3116 EP 3127 DI 10.1002/adfm.201102237 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 981XO UT WOS:000307006200002 ER PT J AU Kim, CS Kim, M Abell, J Bewley, WW Merritt, CD Canedy, CL Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR AF Kim, C. S. Kim, M. Abell, J. Bewley, W. W. Merritt, C. D. Canedy, C. L. Vurgaftman, I. Meyer, J. R. TI Mid-infrared distributed-feedback interband cascade lasers with continuous-wave single-mode emission to 80 degrees C SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-POWER AB We report continuous-wave (cw) distributed-feedback interband cascade lasers operating in a single spectral mode (lambda=3.7-3.8 mu m) at temperatures between 20 and 80 degrees C. The first-order gratings were realized by patterning high-index germanium layers on top of narrow ridges with relatively thin top claddings. One device generated over 27 mW of cw single-mode output at 40 degrees C, with a side-mode-suppression ratio >30 dB, while at 80 degrees C it still emitted >1 mW. At 20 degrees C, a second device lased in a single spectral mode with <100 mW of drive power. The tuning range was 21.5 nm with temperature and 10 nm with current. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4744445] C1 [Kim, C. S.; Abell, J.; Bewley, W. W.; Merritt, C. D.; Canedy, C. L.; Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kim, M.] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Kim, CS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil NR 12 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 6 PY 2012 VL 101 IS 6 AR 061104 DI 10.1063/1.4744445 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 993LY UT WOS:000307862400004 ER PT J AU Carbonell, J Diaz-Rubio, A Torrent, D Cervera, F Kirleis, MA Pique, A Sanchez-Dehesa, J AF Carbonell, J. Diaz-Rubio, A. Torrent, D. Cervera, F. Kirleis, M. A. Pique, A. Sanchez-Dehesa, J. TI Radial Photonic Crystal for detection of frequency and position of radiation sources SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID GROUND-PLANE CLOAK; METAMATERIALS AB Based on the concepts of artificially microstructured materials, i.e. metamaterials, we present here the first practical realization of a radial wave crystal. This type of device was introduced as a theoretical proposal in the field of acoustics, and can be briefly defined as a structured medium with radial symmetry, where the constitutive parameters are invariant under radial geometrical translations. Our practical demonstration is realized in the electromagnetic microwave spectrum, because of the equivalence between the wave problems in both fields. A device has been designed, fabricated and experimentally characterized. It is able to perform beam shaping of punctual wave sources, and also to sense position and frequency of external radiators. Owing to the flexibility offered by the design concept, other possible applications are discussed. C1 [Carbonell, J.; Diaz-Rubio, A.; Torrent, D.; Cervera, F.; Sanchez-Dehesa, J.] Univ Politecn Valencia, Wave Phenomena Grp, ES-46022 Valencia, Spain. [Kirleis, M. A.; Pique, A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sanchez-Dehesa, J (reprint author), Univ Politecn Valencia, Wave Phenomena Grp, Camino Vera Sn,Edificio 7F, ES-46022 Valencia, Spain. EM jsdehesa@upvnet.upv.es RI Torrent, Daniel/K-1903-2012; sanchez-dehesa, jose/L-9726-2014; Diaz Rubio, Ana/M-9096-2016; Cervera-Moreno, Francisco/L-5380-2014; OI Torrent, Daniel/0000-0001-7092-7360; Diaz Rubio, Ana/0000-0002-0115-1834; Cervera-Moreno, Francisco/0000-0002-6608-4492; Sanchez-Dehesa, Jose/0000-0003-0742-4407 FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [TEC 2010-19751, CSD2008-00066]; U.S. Office of Naval Research [N000140910554] FX This work was supported in part by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under Grants TEC 2010-19751 and CSD2008-00066 (Consolider program) and by the U.S. Office of Naval Research under Grant N000140910554. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 22 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD AUG 6 PY 2012 VL 2 AR 558 DI 10.1038/srep00558 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 988FO UT WOS:000307474700003 PM 22870387 ER PT J AU Hotzer, B Medintz, IL Hildebrandt, N AF Hoetzer, Benjamin Medintz, Igor L. Hildebrandt, Niko TI Fluorescence in Nanobiotechnology: Sophisticated Fluorophores for Novel Applications SO SMALL LA English DT Article DE nanobiotechnology; quantum dots; fluorescence; luminescence; fluorophores; dyes ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS; CROSS-CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; TERMINATED POLYAMIDOAMINE DENDRIMERS; TIME-RESOLVED FLUOROIMMUNOASSAY; STIMULATED-EMISSION DEPLETION; SINGLE-PARTICLE TRACKING; TO-RED CONVERSION; LIVING CELLS AB Nanobiotechnology is one of the fastest growing and broadest-ranged interdisciplinary subfields of the nanosciences. Countless hybrid bio-inorganic composites are currently being pursued for various uses, including sensors for medical and diagnostic applications, light- and energy-harvesting devices, along with multifunctional architectures for electronics and advanced drug-delivery. Although many disparate biological and nanoscale materials will ultimately be utilized as the functional building blocks to create these devices, a common element found among a large proportion is that they exert or interact with light. Clearly continuing development will rely heavily on incorporating many different types of fluorophores into these composite materials. This review covers the growing utility of different classes of fluorophores in nanobiotechnology, from both a photophysical and a chemical perspective. For each major structural or functional class of fluorescent probe, several representative applications are provided, and the necessary technological background for acquiring the desired nano-bioanalytical information are presented. C1 [Hoetzer, Benjamin; Hildebrandt, Niko] Univ Paris 11, Inst Elect Fondamentale, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hildebrandt, N (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, Inst Elect Fondamentale, F-91405 Orsay, France. EM niko.hildebrandt@u-psud.fr FU DTRA JSTO MIPR [B112582M]; DARPA; ONR; NRL; NRL-NSI; European Commission; Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI project OncoTrack) FX The authors acknowledge DTRA JSTO MIPR # B112582M, DARPA, ONR, NRL, the NRL-NSI, the European Commission (FP7 project NANOGNOSTICS), and the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI project OncoTrack) for financial support. NR 413 TC 80 Z9 82 U1 12 U2 234 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1613-6810 EI 1613-6829 J9 SMALL JI Small PD AUG 6 PY 2012 VL 8 IS 15 BP 2297 EP 2326 DI 10.1002/smll.201200109 PG 30 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 981ZV UT WOS:000307012400001 PM 22678833 ER PT J AU Pirotta, E Milor, R Quick, N Moretti, D Di Marzio, N Tyack, P Boyd, I Hastie, G AF Pirotta, Enrico Milor, Rachael Quick, Nicola Moretti, David Di Marzio, Nancy Tyack, Peter Boyd, Ian Hastie, Gordon TI Vessel Noise Affects Beaked Whale Behavior: Results of a Dedicated Acoustic Response Study SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MESOPLODON-DENSIROSTRIS; LONG AB Some beaked whale species are susceptible to the detrimental effects of anthropogenic noise. Most studies have concentrated on the effects of military sonar, but other forms of acoustic disturbance (e. g. shipping noise) may disrupt behavior. An experiment involving the exposure of target whale groups to intense vessel-generated noise tested how these exposures influenced the foraging behavior of Blainville's beaked whales (Mesoplodon densirostris) in the Tongue of the Ocean (Bahamas). A military array of bottom-mounted hydrophones was used to measure the response based upon changes in the spatial and temporal pattern of vocalizations. The archived acoustic data were used to compute metrics of the echolocation-based foraging behavior for 16 targeted groups, 10 groups further away on the range, and 26 non-exposed groups. The duration of foraging bouts was not significantly affected by the exposure. Changes in the hydrophone over which the group was most frequently detected occurred as the animals moved around within a foraging bout, and their number was significantly less the closer the whales were to the sound source. Non-exposed groups also had significantly more changes in the primary hydrophone than exposed groups irrespective of distance. Our results suggested that broadband ship noise caused a significant change in beaked whale behavior up to at least 5.2 kilometers away from the vessel. The observed change could potentially correspond to a restriction in the movement of groups, a period of more directional travel, a reduction in the number of individuals clicking within the group, or a response to changes in prey movement. C1 [Pirotta, Enrico; Quick, Nicola; Hastie, Gordon] SMRU Ltd, New Technol Ctr, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland. [Pirotta, Enrico; Boyd, Ian] Univ St Andrews, Scottish Oceans Inst, Sea Mammal Res Unit, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland. [Milor, Rachael] Newcastle Univ, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Quick, Nicola; Hastie, Gordon] Univ St Andrews, Scottish Oceans Inst, Sch Biol, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland. [Moretti, David; Di Marzio, Nancy] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Newport, RI USA. [Tyack, Peter] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Pirotta, E (reprint author), SMRU Ltd, New Technol Ctr, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland. EM gdh@smru.co.uk RI Tyack, Peter/D-6209-2013; OI Tyack, Peter/0000-0002-8409-4790; Quick, Nicola/0000-0003-3840-6711 FU United States (U.S.) Office of Naval Research [N00014-07-10988, N00014-07-11023, N00014-08-10990]; U.S. Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [SI-1539]; Environmental Readiness Division of the U.S. Navy; U.S. Chief of Naval Operations Submarine Warfare Division (Undersea Surveillance); U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (National Marine Fisheries Service, Office of Science and Technology); U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Ocean Acoustics Program; Joint Industry Program on Sound and Marine Life of the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers; U.S. Navy FX The research reported here was financially supported by the United States (U.S.) Office of Naval Research (www.onr.navy.mil) grants N00014-07-10988, N00014-07-11023, N00014-08-10990; the U.S. Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (www.serdp.org) grant SI-1539, the Environmental Readiness Division of the U.S. Navy (http://www.navy.mil/local/n45/), the U.S. Chief of Naval Operations Submarine Warfare Division (Undersea Surveillance), the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (National Marine Fisheries Service, Office of Science and Technology) (http://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/), U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Ocean Acoustics Program (http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/acoustics/), and the Joint Industry Program on Sound and Marine Life of the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (www.soundandmarinelife.org). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; While the sponsors of this study come from an international mix of sound producers and a United States regulatory agency, the majority of funding for the research reported here comes from different divisions of the U.S. Navy, and all of the authors have had at least some of the research reported here partially funded by different divisions of the U.S. Navy. The following authors are employed by the U.S. Navy: David Moretti and Nancy DiMarzio. Their primary involvement was in designing, installing, and helping to operate the passive acoustic marine mammal monitoring system at the AUTEC range; providing the sound sources used in the experiments; and with analyzing and writing up the data. The following authors are employed by a commercial marine mammal consultancy (SMRU Ltd): Enrico Pirotta, Gordon Hastie and Nicola Quick. The following authors have been asked by the U.S. Department of Justice to act as expert witnesses in cases involving the effects of naval sonar on marine mammals: Peter Tyack. Peter Tyack is also a member of Natural Resources Defense Council, which is an advocacy organization that has sued the Navy concerning effects of sonar on marine mammals. None of the analysis nor write up of the paper involved or was influenced by the sponsors of the research. Furthermore, the declarations provided do not alter the authors' adherence to all the PloSONE policies on sharing data and materials. NR 39 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 7 U2 88 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 3 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e42535 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0042535 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 985QT UT WOS:000307284100123 PM 22880022 ER PT J AU Wallace, S Huang, LL Matta, CF Massa, L Bernal, I AF Wallace, Sonjae Huang, Lulu Matta, Cherif F. Massa, Lou Bernal, Ivan TI New structures of hydronium cation clusters SO COMPTES RENDUS CHIMIE LA English DT Article DE Quantum calculations; Optimized structures; Vibration frequencies; Bond paths; Critical points; Hydronium ion ID DENSITY; CHEMISTRY; DATABASE; WATER; ENERGIES; EXCHANGE AB Four new hydronium ion structures are investigated by means of quantum mechanical calculations at the DFT/B3LYP6-311+G(2d,2p) level of theory. There exist experimental crystallographic hydronium cations (H11O5+) of two different geometrical structures, one BEXFEQ (acyclic) and one IYEPEH (cyclic). Molecular calculations reveal their relative stability. Another hydronium cation NEBDII (H15O7+) when optimized reveals a totally new and unexpected structure. All three optimized structures are shown to be quite stable as judged by their binding energies, and therefore may possibly be found in solution. A main result of this article is the discovery of three new optimized structures of hydronium ions, all of which are preferentially ring structures. The optimized structure of H15O7+ is a cube lacking a vertex. Putting a water molecule at the "empty" vertex leads by energy optimization to a structure of H17O8+ which has the approximate symmetry of a cube. This cubic structure, as judged by its fragments, is one of the most interesting of the hydronium ions studied in this paper. The addition of H3O+ to a group of seven neutral molecules in the hypothetical reaction H3O+ + 7 H2O -> H17O8+ induces two water molecules to each capture a proton at the expense of two other water molecules (converting them into hydroxyl anions) leading to a cluster with the formula [H3O+0.7](3)[3H(2)O](3)(+0.1) [OH-0.6](2), where the superscripts are the integrated QTAIM atomic charges (in atomic units) on the respective species (inside the bracket) or on groups of a given species (outside the bracket). The cubic arrangement of 3H(3)O(+)center dot 3H(2)O(center dot)2OH(-) is accompanied with a significant redistribution of charge: Each hydronium cation carries ca. +0.7 au, the hydroxyl anions only around -0.6 au each, while the water molecules remain quasi-neutral with a slight positive charge. (C) 2012 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Wallace, Sonjae; Massa, Lou; Bernal, Ivan] CUNY Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Wallace, Sonjae; Massa, Lou; Bernal, Ivan] CUNY, Grad Ctr, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Bernal, Ivan] Univ Houston, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Huang, Lulu] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Matta, Cherif F.] Mt St Vincent Univ, Dept Chem, Halifax, NS B3M 2J6, Canada. [Matta, Cherif F.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Chem, Halifax, NS B3H 4J3, Canada. RP Massa, L (reprint author), CUNY Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM lmassa@hunter.cuny.edu FU PSC-CUNY; Naval Research Lab.; Office of Naval Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI); Mount Saint Vincent University; RCMI; MBRS-NIH FX The research reported in this article was supported by funding from the PSC-CUNY, & the Naval Research Lab. (L.M.), the Office of Naval Research (L.H.), and (C.F.M.) acknowledges financial support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), and Mount Saint Vincent University. (S.W.) thanks RCMI and MBRS-NIH grants to Hunter College, for their support. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1631-0748 EI 1878-1543 J9 CR CHIM JI C. R. Chim. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 15 IS 8 BP 700 EP 707 DI 10.1016/j.crci.2012.04.010 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 036BF UT WOS:000311000700009 ER PT J AU Dimitrov, NB Jordanov, VT AF Dimitrov, Nedialko B. Jordanov, Valentin T. TI Probability Density Function Transformation Using Seeded Localized Averaging SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurement Methods and their Applications CY JUN 06-09, 2011 CL Ghent, BELGIUM DE Energy resolution; energy spectrum; seeded localized averaging; spectrum acquisition ID SPECTROSCOPY AB Seeded Localized Averaging (SLA) is a spectrum acquisition method that averages pulse-heights in dynamic windows. SLA sharpens peaks in the acquired spectra. This work investigates the transformation of the original probability density function (PDF) in the process of applying the SLA procedure. We derive an analytical expression for the resulting probability density function after an application of SLA. In addition, we prove the following properties: 1) for symmetric distributions, SLA preserves both the mean and symmetry. 2) for unimodal symmetric distributions, SLA reduces variance, sharpening the distribution's peak. Our results are the first to prove these properties, reinforcing past experimental observations. Specifically, our results imply that in the typical case of a spectral peak with Gaussian PDF the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the transformed peak becomes narrower even with averaging of only two pulse-heights. While the Gaussian shape is no longer preserved, our results include an analytical expression for the resulting distribution. Examples of the transformation of other PDFs are presented. C1 [Dimitrov, Nedialko B.] USN, Dept Operat Res, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Jordanov, Valentin T.] Yantel LLC, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA. RP Dimitrov, NB (reprint author), USN, Dept Operat Res, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ned@nps.edu; jordanov@ieee.org FU Naval Postgraduate School's Research Initiation Program FX N.B.D. thanks the Naval Postgraduate School's Research Initiation Program that partially supported this research. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 59 IS 4 BP 1300 EP 1308 DI 10.1109/TNS.2011.2177861 PN 2 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 993XR UT WOS:000307893800016 ER PT J AU Zook, JD Djurasovic, M Dimar, JR Carreon, LY AF Zook, Jason D. Djurasovic, Mladen Dimar, John R., II Carreon, Leah Y. TI Spinal metastasis from acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland: a case report SO SPINE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Acinic cell carcinoma; Parotid gland; Parotid neoplasm; Spinal metastasis AB BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Acinic cell carcinoma is the fourth most common tumor of the parotid gland, and spinal metastases are thought to be exceedingly rare. Only two other reported presentations are found in the literature, both presumably secondary to incomplete surgical resections. PURPOSE: To present the first known case of metastasis to the lumbar spine causing vertebral body involvement, after complete resection of the parotid gland. STUDY DESIGN: Case report. METHODS: A case of a patient who presented with low back pain and had imaging studies showing an expansive destructive lesion of the L4 vertebral body. The patient underwent a radical parotidectomy and radiation therapy for dedifferentiated, high-grade acinic cell carcinoma 2 years prior. RESULTS: The patient underwent anterior L4 corpectomy and strut cage placement and posterior pedicle screw fixation from L2 to L5 on the same day, followed by radiation and oral chemotherapy 3 weeks later. Histopathologic examination confirmed metastatic dedifferentiated acinic cell carcinoma, present in the L4 vertebral body and overlying psoas muscle. CONCLUSIONS: This case report underscores the importance of careful evaluation of patients presenting with back pain with a history of malignancy. It also calls into question the traditional low-grade classification ascribed to these tumors, given their ability to metastasize after complete excision and adjuvant therapy. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Djurasovic, Mladen; Dimar, John R., II; Carreon, Leah Y.] Norton Leatherman Spine Ctr, Louisville, KY 40202 USA. [Zook, Jason D.] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23320 USA. RP Carreon, LY (reprint author), Norton Leatherman Spine Ctr, 210 E Gray St,Suite 900, Louisville, KY 40202 USA. EM leah.carreon@nortonhealthcare.org FU Norton Healthcare FX JDZ: Nothing to disclose. MD: Consulting: Medtronic Sofamor Danek (F). JRD: Royalties: Medtronic Sofamor Danek (H); Consulting: Medtronic Sofamor Danek (D); Board of Directors: Scoliosis Research Society (Accomodations for Board Meetings); Fellowship Support: Norton Healthcare (F). LYC: Other Office: Norton Healthcare (Salary); Grants: Norton HealthCare (F, Paid directly to institution/employer). NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1529-9430 J9 SPINE J JI Spine Journal PD AUG PY 2012 VL 12 IS 8 BP E7 EP E10 DI 10.1016/j.spinee.2012.08.021 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 016OE UT WOS:000309527800002 PM 23021036 ER PT J AU Oke, PR Brassington, GB Cummings, J Martin, M Hernandez, F AF Oke, P. R. Brassington, G. B. Cummings, J. Martin, M. Hernandez, F. TI GODAE inter-comparisons in the Tasman and Coral Seas SO JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; OCEAN DATA ASSIMILATION; MODEL; PREDICTION; TOPOGRAPHY; ATLANTIC AB This paper compares the performance of operational short-range ocean forecast systems developed under the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) - an international effort to demonstrate the feasibility of operational ocean forecasting. 'Best estimates' from four different operational forecast systems (either analyses, hindcasts, or nowcasts) are inter-compared for the Tasman and Coral Seas, off eastern Australia. Systems considered include those developed in Australia, France, the USA, and the UK. Each system is compared to observations of along-track sea-level anomaly, sea-surface temperature, near-surface velocity, and sub-surface temperature and salinity. All have their strengths and weaknesses, and each system out-performs all others in one aspect or another. With few exceptions, all systems demonstrate signal-to-noise ratios greater than one for all variables. Due to the Australian focus, in addition to the best estimates from the operational systems, operational forecasts and a delayed-mode reanalysis are also inter-compared using the Australian system. The Australian system generally performs the best for sea-level anomaly; the French system is best for near-surface velocities; the USA system generally performs the best for sea-surface temperature; and the UK system is best for sub-surface temperature and salinity. These findings provide useful indicators of deficiencies in each system and clear metrics by which future developments should be assessed. Based on these results and other practical considerations the adoption of multi-model consensus forecasting, using all available forecasts from all systems, is promoted as the most robust approach for the user community. Such developments are being pursued under GODAE OceanView - the successor to GODAE. The results show the success of GODAE in demonstrating the feasibility of operational oceanography. C1 [Oke, P. R.] CSIRO, CAWCR, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Brassington, G. B.] Bur Meteorol BoM, CAWCR, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Cummings, J.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Martin, M.] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Hernandez, F.] Mercator Ocean, Ramonville St Agne, France. RP Oke, PR (reprint author), CSIRO, CAWCR, Hobart, Tas, Australia. RI Hernandez, Fabrice/F-6642-2013; Oke, Peter/C-5127-2011 OI Hernandez, Fabrice/0000-0003-2152-0657; Oke, Peter/0000-0002-3163-5610 FU European Space Agency; French Service Hydrographique Oceanographique de la Marine (SHOM); Office of Naval Research; Royal Australian Navy; Mercator Ocean through of the European Union MERSEA Integrated Project [SIP3-CT-2003-502885] FX The following organisations and agencies are acknowledged for their financial support: European Space Agency; French Service Hydrographique Oceanographique de la Marine (SHOM); Office of Naval Research; and the Royal Australian Navy. Satellite altimetry is provided by NASA, NOAA, ESA and CNES. Drifter data are provided by NOAA-AOML and SST observations are provided by NASA, NOAA and Remote Sensing Systems. Argo data were collected and made freely available by the International Argo Project and the national programmes that contribute to it (www.argo.net). Inter-comparison studies were financed at Mercator Ocean through the funding of the European Union MERSEA Integrated Project (Contract no. SIP3-CT-2003-502885). We thank M Drevillon and C Regnier at Mercator Ocean for their contribution in preparing Mercator simulations and GODAE metrics. NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1755-876X EI 1755-8778 J9 J OPER OCEANOGR JI J. Oper. Oceanogr. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 5 IS 2 BP 11 EP 24 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA 016AH UT WOS:000309489100003 ER PT J AU Riddle, MS Murray, JA Porter, CK AF Riddle, Mark S. Murray, Joseph A. Porter, Chad K. TI The Incidence and Risk of Celiac Disease in a Healthy US Adult Population SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; INCREASING PREVALENCE; INFECTIOUS GASTROENTERITIS; RESPONSES; IDENTIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ASSOCIATION; CHILDHOOD; ENTERITIS AB OBJECTIVES: Celiac disease (CD) is an increasingly common disease that may affect as many as 1% of the North American population. Recent population-based data suggest a substantial increase in the prevalence of CD over the last several decades. Several factors are hypothesized as possible disease triggers including intercurrent illnesses, such as gastroenteritis, surgeries, and trauma. We used the active duty US military, a unique healthy worker population with essentially complete medical diagnostic coding, as an opportunity to describe trends in CD and deployment-related risk factors. METHODS: Using electronic medical encounter data (1999-2008) on active duty US military (over 13.7 million person-years), a matched, nested case-control study describing the epidemiology and risk determinants of CD (based on >= 2 ICD-9 medical encounters) was conducted. Incidence and duration of CD-related medical care were estimated, and conditional logistic regression was utilized to evaluate CD risk following infectious gastroenteritis (IGE) occurring within 3 years before CD diagnosis while controlling for other risk factors. RESULTS: A total of 455 incident cases of CD were identified and age, gender, and time matched to 1,820 controls. The incidence of CD increased five-fold from 1.3 per 100,000 in 1999 to 6.5 per 100,000 in 2008, with the highest rates of increase among those over 34 years of age (average annual increase of 0.8 cases per 100,000). A total of 172 IGE episodes, predominately of "viral etiology" (60.5%), were documented. In multivariate models, a significant association between IGE and CD was found (Odds ratio (OR): 2.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43, 2.97). Risk generally increased with temporal proximity to, and non-viral etiology of, exposure. Other notable risk factors for CD in multivariate models were Caucasian race (OR: 3.1, P<0.001), non-Army service (OR: 1.5, P=0.001), and greater than a high-school education (OR: 1.3, P=0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of CD diagnosis in the US military is increasing, particularly among those in the fourth and fifth decades of life and appears higher than other population-based estimates. An association between antecedent IGE and risk of CD was noted, but the potential for exposure misclassification cannot be ruled out and further study is needed to link pathogen-specific exposure to incident CD anti-gluten antibody development or symptom onset. C1 [Riddle, Mark S.] USN, Enter Dis Dept, Infect Dis Directorate, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Murray, Joseph A.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. RP Riddle, MS (reprint author), USN, Enter Dis Dept, Infect Dis Directorate, Med Res Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM mark.riddle@med.navy.mil OI murray, joseph/0000-0003-1941-9090 FU National Institutes of Health [R01 DK57892] FX This work was supported in part by a grant from the National Institutes of Health, R01 DK57892 (J.A.M.). The opinions and assertions herein should not be construed as official or representing the views of the Department of the Navy or the Department of Defense, or the US Government. This is a US Government work. There are no restrictions on its use. The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the US Government. This work was prepared as part of official duties. Title 17 U. S. C. 105 provides that "Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government." Title 17 U. S. C. 101 defines a US Government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the US Government as part of that person's official duties. The study protocol was approved by the Naval Medical Research Center Institutional Review Board in compliance with all applicable Federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects. NR 45 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 14 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 107 IS 8 BP 1248 EP 1255 DI 10.1038/ajg.2012.130 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 996CN UT WOS:000308061800017 PM 22584218 ER PT J AU Gordon, RJ AF Gordon, Ronald J. TI Large Randomized Trials to Overcome Barriers to Patient Safety Response SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Letter ID ANALGESIA C1 USN, Dept Anesthesiol, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Gordon, RJ (reprint author), USN, Dept Anesthesiol, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM rjgordonmd@gmail.com NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 115 IS 2 BP 480 EP 480 DI 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31825b238f PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 978TU UT WOS:000306769500041 ER PT J AU Waliser, DE Moncrieff, MW Burridge, D Fink, AH Gochis, D Goswami, BN Guan, B Harr, P Heming, J Hsu, HH Jakob, C Janiga, M Johnson, R Jones, S Knippertz, P Marengo, J Nguyen, H Pope, M Serra, Y Thorncroft, C Wheeler, M Wood, R Yuter, S AF Waliser, Duane E. Moncrieff, Mitchell W. Burridge, David Fink, Andreas H. Gochis, Dave Goswami, B. N. Guan, Bin Harr, Patrick Heming, Julian Hsu, Huang-Hsuing Jakob, Christian Janiga, Matt Johnson, Richard Jones, Sarah Knippertz, Peter Marengo, Jose Hanh Nguyen Pope, Mick Serra, Yolande Thorncroft, Chris Wheeler, Matthew Wood, Robert Yuter, Sandra TI THE "YEAR" OF TROPICAL CONVECTION (MAY 2008-APRIL 2010) Climate Variability and Weather Highlights SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; AFRICAN EASTERLY WAVES; NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; AUSTRALIAN WET SEASON; COUPLED KELVIN WAVES; INDIAN-OCEAN DIPOLE; LOW-LEVEL JET; SOUTH-AMERICA C1 [Waliser, Duane E.; Guan, Bin] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Moncrieff, Mitchell W.; Gochis, Dave; Goswami, B. N.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Burridge, David] THORPEX, World Meteorol Org, Geneva, Switzerland. [Fink, Andreas H.] Univ Cologne, Inst Geophys & Meteorol, Cologne, Germany. [Goswami, B. N.] Indian Inst Trop Meteorol, Pune, Maharashtra, India. [Harr, Patrick] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Heming, Julian] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Hsu, Huang-Hsuing] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Jakob, Christian] Monash Univ, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia. [Janiga, Matt; Hanh Nguyen; Thorncroft, Chris] SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Johnson, Richard] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Jones, Sarah] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Knippertz, Peter] Univ Leeds, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. [Marengo, Jose] Ctr Previsao Tempo & Estudos Climat, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Pope, Mick] Bur Meteorol Training Ctr, Bur Meteorol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Serra, Yolande] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Wheeler, Matthew] Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Wood, Robert] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Yuter, Sandra] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Waliser, DE (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, MS 183-505,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM duane.waliser@jpl.nasa.gov RI Marengo, Jose /J-9382-2012; Wood, Robert/A-2989-2008; Guan, Bin/F-6735-2010; Jones, Sarah/B-2339-2013; Wheeler, Matthew/C-9038-2011; Yuter, Sandra/E-8808-2015; Serra, Yolande/I-3457-2015; Knippertz, Peter/D-5861-2016; Jakob, Christian/A-1082-2010 OI Marengo, Jose /0000-0002-8154-2762; Wood, Robert/0000-0002-1401-3828; Wheeler, Matthew/0000-0002-9769-1973; Yuter, Sandra/0000-0002-3222-053X; Serra, Yolande/0000-0003-3542-1158; Knippertz, Peter/0000-0001-9856-619X; Jakob, Christian/0000-0002-5012-3207 FU World Climate Research Programme; World Weather Research Programme; Observing System Research and Prediction Experiment (THORPEX); National Science Foundation, Mesoscale Dynamic Meteorology Program [ATM-0639461]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Global Programs [NA07OAR4310263]; NOAA's Climate Program Office [NA06OAR43100, NA08OAR4310705] FX We would like to express our gratitude to the World Climate Research Programme, the World Weather Research Programme, and The Observing System Research and Prediction Experiment (THORPEX) for their joint support of the YOTC program. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation, Mesoscale Dynamic Meteorology Program, under Grant ATM-0639461, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Global Programs, under Grant NA07OAR4310263. The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts is acknowledged for providing the special ECMWF YOTC dataset. We thank Paul Ciesielski and Andy Newman for their assistance in the preparation of figures. The CloudSat and TRMM data were visualized with the Giovanni online data system, developed and maintained by the NASA GES DISC. The Meteosat image was downloaded from the webpage of the Dundee Satellite Receiving Station. We are grateful to the ECMWF for providing access to the YOTC analysis and forecast products, and to the French IRD and the National Weather Services of Benin, Guinea, and Ghana for providing rainfall data for February 2009. BNG thanks Neena Mani Joseph and Suhas E for their help in creating the Indian monsoon figures. YLS was supported by NOAA's Climate Program Office under Grant NA06OAR43100. DJG was supported by NOAA's Climate Program Office under Grant NA08OAR4310705. NR 148 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 24 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 93 IS 8 BP 1189 EP 1218 DI 10.1175/2011BAMS3095.1 PG 30 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 009WI UT WOS:000309055700006 ER PT J AU Sarkar, S Mukherjee, K Ray, A Srivastav, A Wettergren, TA AF Sarkar, Soumik Mukherjee, Kushal Ray, Asok Srivastav, Abhishek Wettergren, Thomas A. TI Statistical Mechanics-Inspired Modeling of Heterogeneous Packet Transmission in Communication Networks SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART B-CYBERNETICS LA English DT Article DE Communication network; heterogeneous packet transmission; phase transition; statistical mechanics ID PHASE-TRANSITION AB This paper presents the qualitative nature of communication network operations as abstraction of typical thermodynamic parameters (e.g., order parameter, temperature, and pressure). Specifically, statistical mechanics-inspired models of critical phenomena (e.g., phase transitions and size scaling) for heterogeneous packet transmission are developed in terms of multiple intensive parameters, namely, the external packet load on the network system and the packet transmission probabilities of heterogeneous packet types. Network phase diagrams are constructed based on these traffic parameters, and decision and control strategies are formulated for heterogeneous packet transmission in the network system. In this context, decision functions and control objectives are derived in closed forms, and the pertinent results of test and validation on a simulated network system are presented. C1 [Sarkar, Soumik; Mukherjee, Kushal; Ray, Asok; Srivastav, Abhishek] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wettergren, Thomas A.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Sarkar, S (reprint author), United Technol Res Ctr, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA. EM sarkars@utrc.utc.com; kum162@psu.edu; axr2@psu.edu; srivasa1@utrc.utc.com; t.a.wettergren@ieee.org OI Wettergren, Thomas/0000-0002-6623-8412 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-09-1-0688]; Army Research Laboratory; Army Research Office [W911NF-07-1-0376] FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research under Grant N00014-09-1-0688 and in part by the Army Research Laboratory and the Army Research Office under Grant W911NF-07-1-0376. This paper was recommended by Associate Editor S. X. Yang. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1083-4419 J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CY B JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B-Cybern. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 42 IS 4 SI SI BP 1083 EP 1094 DI 10.1109/TSMCB.2012.2186611 PG 12 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science GA 008ZL UT WOS:000308995000011 PM 22411024 ER PT J AU Ivanov, LM Collins, CA Margolina, TM AF Ivanov, L. M. Collins, C. A. Margolina, T. M. TI Detection of Oceanic Quasi-Zonal Jets from Altimetry Observations SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ROSSBY WAVES; CIRCULATION MODELS; FREQUENCY-ANALYSIS; TURBULENCE; FLOWS; INSTABILITY; GENERATION; TRANSFORMS; SYSTEMS AB Recent analyses of observations and ocean model outputs have revealed coherent low-frequency quasizonal jets in observed sea surface height (SSH) anomaly and model velocity fields. The jets were latent, that is, they were not detectable by eye, but revealed and selected by time-averaging procedures. Time-averaging procedures, when applied to fields that contain propagating features (eddies and waves), can create jetlike structures of nonphysical nature (artifacts). This paper suggests the application of three criteria to distinguish real jets from these artifacts, and demonstrates that quasi-zonal jets extracted from satellite altimetry observations off California were not artifacts. First, quasi-zonal jets off California were stronger than artifacts: the observed SSH for the jets reached 4-5 cm, which is considerably larger than SSH artifacts, which did not exceed 0.9-1.2 cm. Second, axes of the observed jets were not always oriented along the paths of propagating mesoscale features (waves and eddies). Observed jet axes rotated as late as 12 months after propagating mesoscale features changed their propagation direction. This behavior differed from that of artifacts, the axes of which should be oriented in the same direction as propagation paths of mesoscale features. Third, generation (amplification) of quasi-zonal jets was accompanied by phase synchronization or locking of flow time scales resulting from interactions between these scales. Because artifacts were a result of linear averaging procedures, they cannot exhibit such phase synchronization. C1 [Ivanov, L. M.; Margolina, T. M.] San Jose State Univ, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Ivanov, L. M.; Collins, C. A.; Margolina, T. M.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Ivanov, LM (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, Moss Landing Marine Labs, 8272 Moss Landing Rd, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. EM lmivanov@nps.edu FU NSF [OCE-0827527, OCE-0827160]; National Research Council FX Support for LI (CC) was provided by NSF Grant OCE-0827527 (OCE-0827160). LI thanks the National Research Council for a Senior Research Associateship award to the Naval Postgraduate School. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 29 IS 8 BP 1111 EP 1126 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-11-00130.1 PG 16 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 994BQ UT WOS:000307906300010 ER PT J AU Arnaud, F Scultetus, AH Haque, A Saha, B Kim, B Auker, C Moon-Massat, P McCarron, R Freilich, D AF Arnaud, Francoise Scultetus, Anke H. Haque, Ashraful Saha, Biswajit Kim, Bobby Auker, Charles Moon-Massat, Paula McCarron, Richard Freilich, Daniel TI Sodium nitroprusside ameliorates systemic but not pulmonary HBOC-201-induced vasoconstriction: An exploratory study in a swine controlled haemorrhage model SO RESUSCITATION LA English DT Article DE Nitric oxide donors; Hypertension; Pre-hospital resuscitation; Trauma; Haemorrhagic shock ID BOVINE POLYMERIZED HEMOGLOBIN; OXYGEN CARRIERS; NITRIC-OXIDE; DEFINITIVE CARE; LIVER-INJURY; SHOCK; BLOOD; RESUSCITATION; HYPERTENSION; SURVIVAL AB Background: Vasoconstriction is a side effect that may prevent the use of haemoglobin based oxygen carrier (HBOC) as blood substitute. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), would mitigate systemic and pulmonary hypertension associated with HBOC-201 in a simple controlled haemorrhage swine model. Methods: After 55% estimated blood volume withdrawal through a venous catheter, invasively anesthetized and instrumented animals were resuscitated with three 10 ml/kg infusions of either HBOC-201 or Hextend (HEX) with or without 0.8 mu g/kg/min SNP (infused concomitantly via different lines). Haemodynamics, direct and indirect measures of tissue oxygenation, and coagulation were measured for 2 h. Results: Haemorrhage caused a state of shock manifested by hypotension and base deficit. HBOC-201 resuscitation resulted in higher systemic (p < 0.0001) and pulmonary (p < 0.002) blood pressure than with HEX. Elevation of systemic (p < 0.0001) but not pulmonary (p > 0.05) arterial pressure was attenuated by co-infusion of SNP, without significant group differences in haemodynamics, tissue oxygenation, platelet function, coagulation, methaemoglobin, or survival (p > 0.05). Conclusion: In swine with haemorrhagic shock, co-administration of the NO donor, SNP, effectively and safely reduces HBOC-201-related systemic but not pulmonary vasoactivity. Interestingly, co-administration of the vasodilator SNP with HEX had no deleterious effects in comparison with HEX alone. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Arnaud, Francoise; Scultetus, Anke H.; Haque, Ashraful; Saha, Biswajit; Kim, Bobby; Auker, Charles; Moon-Massat, Paula; McCarron, Richard; Freilich, Daniel] USN, Med Res Ctr, NeuroTrauma Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Arnaud, Francoise; Scultetus, Anke H.; McCarron, Richard; Freilich, Daniel] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Arnaud, F (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, NeuroTrauma Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Francoise.arnaud@med.navy.mil FU [604771N.9737.001.A0315.CAPT]; [BUMED] FX This work has been performed at the naval Medical Research Center and was supported and funded by work unit number BUMED congressionally funded work unit #604771N.9737.001.A0315.CAPT. Freilich is a military service member (or employee of the U.S. Government). This work was prepared as part of his official duties. Title 17 U.S.C. 105 provides that 'Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government.' Title 17 U.S.C. 101 defines a U.S. Government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the U. S. Government as part of that person's official duties. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-9572 J9 RESUSCITATION JI Resuscitation PD AUG PY 2012 VL 83 IS 8 BP 1038 EP 1045 DI 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2012.01.018 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Emergency Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine; Emergency Medicine GA 009TL UT WOS:000309048000033 PM 22286048 ER PT J AU DeCredico, MA AF DeCredico, Mary A. TI The Tifts of Georgia: Connecticut Yankees in King Cotton's Court SO JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [DeCredico, Mary A.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP DeCredico, MA (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN HISTORICAL ASSOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, HISTORY DEPT, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA SN 0022-4642 J9 J SOUTHERN HIST JI J. South. Hist. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 78 IS 3 BP 709 EP 710 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 983AK UT WOS:000307088400022 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, OC Collis, JM Simpson, HJ Ey, E Schneiderwind, J Felisberto, P AF Rodriguez, Orlando Camargo Collis, Jon M. Simpson, Harry J. Ey, Emanuel Schneiderwind, Joseph Felisberto, Paulo TI Seismo-acoustic ray model benchmarking against experimental tank data SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PARABOLIC EQUATION; OCEAN; WEDGE AB Acoustic predictions of the recently developed TRACEO ray model, which accounts for bottom shear properties, are benchmarked against tank experimental data from the EPEE-1 and EPEE-2 (Elastic Parabolic Equation Experiment) experiments. Both experiments are representative of signal propagation in a Pekeris-like shallow-water waveguide over a non-flat isotropic elastic bottom, where significant interaction of the signal with the bottom can be expected. The benchmarks show, in particular, that the ray model can be as accurate as a parabolic approximation model benchmarked in similar conditions. The results of benchmarking are important, on one side, as a preliminary experimental validation of the model and, on the other side, demonstrates the reliability of the ray approach for seismo-acoustic applications. (C) 2012 Acoustical Society of America. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4734236] C1 [Rodriguez, Orlando Camargo; Ey, Emanuel; Schneiderwind, Joseph; Felisberto, Paulo] Univ Algarve, LARSyS, P-8005139 Faro, Portugal. [Collis, Jon M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Simpson, Harry J.] USN, Res Lab, Phys Acoust Branch Code 7136, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rodriguez, OC (reprint author), Univ Algarve, LARSyS, Campus Gambelas, P-8005139 Faro, Portugal. EM orodrig@ualg.pt RI Felisberto, Paulo/M-9474-2013 OI Felisberto, Paulo/0000-0001-7542-4332 FU Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology through the SENSOCEAN project (FCT) [PTDC/EEA-ELC/104561/2008] FX The authors are deeply thankful to the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) for allowing the use of the experimental data discussed in this work. This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology through the SENSOCEAN project (FCT Contract No. PTDC/EEA-ELC/104561/2008). NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 132 IS 2 BP 709 EP 717 DI 10.1121/1.4734236 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 010FD UT WOS:000309079200030 PM 22894193 ER PT J AU Au, WWL Branstetter, B Moore, PW Finneran, JJ AF Au, Whitlow W. L. Branstetter, Brian Moore, Patrick W. Finneran, James J. TI Dolphin biosonar signals measured at extreme off-axis angles: Insights to sound propagation in the head SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; PHOCOENA-PHOCOENA; SONAR SIGNAL AB Biosonar signals radiated along the beam axis of an Atlantic bottlenose dolphin resemble short transient oscillations. As the azimuth of the measuring hydrophones in the horizontal plane progressively increases with respect to the beam axis the signals become progressively distorted. At approximately +/- 45 degrees, the signals begin to divide into two components with the time difference between the components increasing with increasing angles. At +/- 90 degrees or normal to the longitudinal axis of the animal, the time difference between the two pulses measured by the hydrophone on the right side of the dolphin's head is, on average, similar to 11.9 mu s larger than the time differences observed by the hydrophone on the left side of the dolphin's head. The center frequency of the first pulse is generally lower, by 33-47 kHz, than the center frequency of the second pulse. When considering the relative locations of the two phonic lips, the data suggest that the signals are being produced by one of the phonic lips and the second pulse resulting from a reflection within the head of the animal. The generation of biosonar signals is a complex process and the propagation pathways through the dolphin's head are not well understood. (C) 2012 Acoustical Society of America. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4730901] C1 [Au, Whitlow W. L.] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kailua, HI 96734 USA. [Branstetter, Brian; Moore, Patrick W.] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Finneran, James J.] USN, Marine Mammal Program, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Au, WWL (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, POB 1106, Kailua, HI 96734 USA. EM wau@hawaii.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by a grant from the Office of Naval Research (Dr. Michael Weise, Program Manager). The authors would like to express their appreciation to trainers Megan Tormey, Gavin Goya, Hitomi Aihara, Arial Brewer, and Kimberly Bakhtiari. The assistance of Adrienne Copeland and Alexis Rudd in the writing of this manuscript is also appreciated. Finally, we thank Dorothy E. Au for proofreading the manuscript. This is HIMB contribution #1501 and SOEST contribution #8691. NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 22 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 132 IS 2 BP 1199 EP 1206 DI 10.1121/1.4730901 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 010FD UT WOS:000309079200075 PM 22894238 ER PT J AU Owens, BD Dickens, JF Kilcoyne, KG Rue, JPH AF Owens, Brett D. Dickens, Jonathan F. Kilcoyne, Kelly G. Rue, John-Paul H. TI Management of Mid-season Traumatic Anterior Shoulder Instability in Athletes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS LA English DT Review ID ARTHROSCOPIC BANKART REPAIR; INFERIOR GLENOHUMERAL LIGAMENT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; FOLLOW-UP; NONOPERATIVE TREATMENT; EXTERNAL ROTATION; CLINICAL-TRIAL; DISLOCATION; STABILIZATION; IMMOBILIZATION AB Shoulder dislocation and subluxation injuries are common in young athletes and most frequently occur during the competitive season. Controversy exists regarding optimal treatment of an athlete with an in-season shoulder dislocation, and limited data are available to guide treatment. Rehabilitation may facilitate return to sport within 3 weeks, but return is complicated by a moderate risk of recurrence. Bracing may reduce the risk of recurrence, but it restricts motion and may not be tolerated in patients who must complete certain sport-specific tasks such as throwing. Surgical management of shoulder dislocation or subluxation with arthroscopic or open Bankart repair reduces the rate of recurrence; however, the athlete is unable to participate in sport for the remainder of the competitive season. When selecting a management option, the clinician must consider the natural history of shoulder instability, pathologic changes noted on examination and imaging, sport- and position-specific demands, duration of treatment, and the athlete's motivation. C1 [Owens, Brett D.] Keller Army Community Hosp, West Point, NY USA. [Dickens, Jonathan F.; Kilcoyne, Kelly G.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC USA. [Rue, John-Paul H.] USN Acad, Dept Orthopaed & Sports Med, Annapolis, MD USA. RP Owens, BD (reprint author), Keller Army Community Hosp, West Point, NY USA. NR 53 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER ACAD ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS PI ROSEMENT PA 6300 N RIVER ROAD, ROSEMENT, IL 60018-4262 USA SN 1067-151X J9 J AM ACAD ORTHOP SUR JI J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 20 IS 8 BP 518 EP 526 DI 10.5435/JAAOS-20-08-518 PG 9 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 984NY UT WOS:000307198900005 PM 22855854 ER PT J AU Carniel, S Kantha, LH Book, JW Sclavo, M Prandke, H AF Carniel, Sandro Kantha, Lakshmi H. Book, Jeffrey W. Sclavo, Mauro Prandke, Hartmut TI Turbulence variability in the upper layers of the Southern Adriatic Sea under a variety of atmospheric forcing conditions SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Turbulent mixing; Microstructure; Mixing processes ID SURFACE MIXED-LAYER; DIURNAL RESTRATIFICATION; UPPER OCEAN; DISSIPATION; ENERGY; MICROSTRUCTURE; PARAMETERIZATION; THERMOCLINE; OVERTURNS; EPSILON AB As part of the DART06B observational campaign in late August 2006, a microstructure profiler was deployed to make turbulence measurements in the upper layers of the Southern Adriatic Sea. Of the nearly 300 total casts, 163 were made near Station B90, where various moorings were deployed in the 90 m deep water column to measure water column properties and meteorological and surface wave conditions. We were able to measure turbulence properties in the upper layers under a variety of atmospheric forcing conditions that included strong wind forcing, night-time convection, mixed convection and wind forcing, weak wind forcing and strong insolation. The resulting dataset provides a kaleidoscope of turbulence properties and turbulent mixing above, below and in the strong pycnocline present at a depth of 15-25 m in the coastal waters of the Southern Adriatic Sea during late summer. A slightly modified scaling of the dissipation rate of turbulence kinetic energy in the Mixed Layer (ML), based on the observed friction velocity u(*) and the surface buoyancy flux J(b0), reproduces the measured values reasonably well. In the interior, below the ML, the dissipation rate scales like (LTN3)-N-2, where L-T is the Thorpe scale and N is the buoyancy frequency. Analysis of velocity and density profile measurements from Station B90 and the nearby Station B75 suggest that anticyclonic eddies and near-inertial waves can interact in these coastal waters to produce significant horizontal advective density fluxes in the pycnocline. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Carniel, Sandro; Kantha, Lakshmi H.; Sclavo, Mauro] CNR, ISMAR, I-30122 Venice, Italy. [Kantha, Lakshmi H.] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Book, Jeffrey W.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Prandke, Hartmut] ISW Wassermesstech, Petersdorf, Germany. RP Carniel, S (reprint author), CNR, ISMAR, Castello 2737F, I-30122 Venice, Italy. EM sandro.carniel@ismar.cnr.it RI Carniel, Sandro/J-9278-2012; CNR, Ismar/P-1247-2014 OI Carniel, Sandro/0000-0001-8317-1603; CNR, Ismar/0000-0001-5351-1486 FU Office of Naval Research under its NICOP program [N00014-05-1-0730, N00014-05-1-0759, N00014-06-1-0287]; VECTOR-FISR Project; FIRB Project "DECALOGO" [RBFR08D828_001]; CNR-RSTL; Office of Naval Research [0602435 N, 0601153 N] FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research under its NICOP program with grants N00014-05-1-0730 to Sandro Carniel, and N00014-05-1-0759 and N00014-06-1-0287 to Lakshmi Kantha. MS acknowledges the support from the VECTOR-FISR Project; SC gratefully acknowledges the support from the FIRB Project "DECALOGO" (Code RBFR08D828_001) and the partial support from the CNR-RSTL funded project "MOM". Opportunity to collaborate with NURC and NRL teams is also greatly appreciated. The work of Jeffrey W. Book was supported by the Office of Naval Research as part of the "Dynamics of the Adriatic in Real Time" and "Quantifying Mechanisms of Diapycnal Mixing in Strong Frontal Regions" under Program Elements 0602435 N and 0601153 N, respectively. Many thanks to the Captain and crew of R/V Alliance for their unmatched hospitality. NR 60 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-4343 EI 1873-6955 J9 CONT SHELF RES JI Cont. Shelf Res. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 44 SI SI BP 39 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.csr.2011.01.003 PG 18 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 001HQ UT WOS:000308451600007 ER PT J AU Bridges, JC Changela, HG Nayakshin, S Starkey, NA Franchi, IA AF Bridges, J. C. Changela, H. G. Nayakshin, S. Starkey, N. A. Franchi, I. A. TI Chondrule fragments from Comet Wild2: Evidence for high temperature processing in the outer Solar System SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Comet Wild2; Al-rich chondrules; oxygen isotopes; NanoSIMS; carbonaceous chondrites; giant planetary embryos ID OXYGEN ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS; ALUMINUM-RICH INCLUSIONS; INTERPLANETARY DUST PARTICLES; ORDINARY CHONDRITES; REFRACTORY INCLUSIONS; 81P/WILD-2 DUST; STARDUST TRACKS; NEBULA; HETEROGENEITY; MINERALOGY AB Terminal grains from C2063,1,154,1,0 (Track 154) and C2061,1,113,5 (Track 113) from the Stardust collection of Comet Wild2's coma have been studied by TEM and NanoSIMS. Terminal grain 2 of C2063,1,154,1,0 consists of an Al-rich diopside (En 97-99%, Al(2)O(3)9-11 wt%), pigeonite (En 85% Wo 15% with TiO2 and Al2O3 contents of 0.5 and 5.2 wt%) and minor forsterite and enstatite. The mineral assemblage and Al-rich, Ti-poor composition of the grain are consistent with being a fragment of an Al-rich chondrule, similar to those present in carbonaceous chondrites. The oxygen isotopic composition of the C2063,1,154,1,0 grain was determined by NanoSIMS analyses and found to be delta O-17 -10.6 parts per thousand 5.7 parts per thousand, delta O-18 -7.5 +/- 2.5 parts per thousand and delta O-17 +1.4 +/- 4.3 parts per thousand, delta O-18 -6.5 +/- 1.6 parts per thousand (1 sigma errors) for the two sections. These figures are distinct from CAls and consistent with an origin as Al-rich chondrule fragments. Terminal grain 5 of C2061,1,113,5 consists of low Ca pyroxene En 86-87% Fs 10-11% Wo 3-4% and <= 2 wt% Al2O3 and in one section 5-10% of a Na-rich silicate phase. This assemblage may be a fragment of a low-Ca pyroxene-bearing chondrule and mesostasis. The original chondrule diameter for the C2063,1,154,1,0 and C2061,1,113,5 samples, by analogy with carbonaceous chondrite chondrules, might have been in the range 0.2-1.0 mm. If they were of that size, then the presence of large grains of high temperature material (e.g. >= 1500 K for such refractory assemblages) could be explained through commonly invoked models of radial drift from inner to outer Solar System, but only if the chondrules were first fragmented to dust within the inner Solar System. An alternative scenario is that some chondrule formation was associated with high temperature processing and planetesimals in the outer Solar System. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bridges, J. C.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Space Res Ctr, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Changela, H. G.] George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Changela, H. G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Starkey, N. A.; Franchi, I. A.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci Planetary & Space Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. RP Bridges, JC (reprint author), Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Space Res Ctr, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. EM j.bridges@le.ac.uk FU STFC Grants; University of Leicester; Open University FX This work is funded by STFC Grants to JCB, SN at the University of Leicester and IAF at the Open University. Keiko Nakamura-Messenger, David Frank and Mike Zolensky of NASA-JSC are thanked for preparation of the microtome sections. HCG was an STFC Ph.D. student at UoL during this project. Graham Clark is thanked for assistance in the operation of the TEM. This paper benefited from 2 anonymous reviews. NR 59 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 341 BP 186 EP 194 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2012.06.011 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 003PW UT WOS:000308624800018 ER PT J AU Rossi, JE Cress, CD Helenic, AR Schauerman, CM DiLeo, RA Cox, ND Messenger, SR Weaver, BD Hubbard, SM Landi, BJ AF Rossi, Jamie E. Cress, Cory D. Helenic, Alysha R. Schauerman, Chris M. DiLeo, Roberta A. Cox, Nathanael D. Messenger, Scott R. Weaver, Brad D. Hubbard, Seth M. Landi, Brian J. TI Ion irradiation of electronic-type-separated single wall carbon nanotubes: A model for radiation effects in nanostructured carbon SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; DISPLACEMENT DAMAGE; INDUCED DEFECTS; GRAPHENE; TRANSPORT; FIBERS; PERSPECTIVES; TRANSPARENT AB The structural and electrical properties of electronic-type-separated (metallic and semiconducting) single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) thin-films have been investigated after irradiation with 150 keV B-11(+) and 150 keV P-31(+) with fluences ranging from 10(12) to 10(15) ions/cm2. Raman spectroscopy results indicate that the ratio of the Raman D to G' band peak intensities (D/G') is a more sensitive indicator of SWCNT structural modification induced by ion irradiation by one order of magnitude compared to the ratio of the Raman D to G band peak intensities (DIG). The increase in sheet resistance (R-s) of the thin-films follows a similar trend as the D/G' ratio, suggesting that the radiation induced variation in bulk electrical transport for both electronic-types is equal and related to localized defect generation. The characterization results for the various samples are compared based on the displacement damage dose (DDD) imparted to the sample, which is material and damage source independent. Therefore, it is possible to extend the analysis to include data from irradiation of transferred CVD-graphene films on SiO2/Si substrates using 35 keV C+ ions, and compare the observed changes at equivalent levels of ion irradiation-induced damage to that observed in the SWCNT thin-film samples. Ultimately, a model is developed for the prediction of the radiation response of nanostructured carbon materials based on the ODD for any incident ion with low-energy recoil spectra. The model is also related to the defect concentration, and subsequently the effective defect-to-defect length, and yields a maximum defect concentration (minimum defect-to-defect length) above which the bulk electrical transport properties in SWCNT thin-films and large graphene-based electronic devices rapidly degrade when exposed to harsh environments. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4739713] C1 [Cress, Cory D.; Messenger, Scott R.; Weaver, Brad D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rossi, Jamie E.; Helenic, Alysha R.; Schauerman, Chris M.; DiLeo, Roberta A.; Cox, Nathanael D.; Hubbard, Seth M.; Landi, Brian J.] Rochester Inst Technol, NanoPower Res Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Helenic, Alysha R.; Landi, Brian J.] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Biomed Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Schauerman, Chris M.] Rochester Inst Technol, Golisano Inst Sustainabil, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [DiLeo, Roberta A.; Cox, Nathanael D.; Hubbard, Seth M.] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Microsyst Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Hubbard, Seth M.] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Cress, CD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM carbon.nanoelectronics@nrl.navy.mil; brian.landi@rit.edu RI Cox, Nathanael/A-2564-2017; OI Cox, Nathanael/0000-0003-0843-9141; Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU U.S. Government through the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [HDTRA-1-10-1-0122]; U.S. Government; GAANN fellowship through the RIT Microsystems Engineering PhD program FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the U.S. Government through the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under Grant HDTRA-1-10-1-0122. This material is based upon work funded in whole or in part by the U.S. Government, and any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Government. R. A. DiLeo acknowledges graduate student funding from a GAANN fellowship through the RIT Microsystems Engineering PhD program. The authors also thank James C. Culbertson for his contributions to the Raman analysis, and Paul Jarosz and Thomas Mastrangelo for useful technical discussions. NR 77 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 47 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 112 IS 3 AR 034314 DI 10.1063/1.4739713 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 999SN UT WOS:000308335400115 ER PT J AU Samson, B Oulundsen, G Carter, A Bowman, SR AF Samson, Bryce Oulundsen, George Carter, Adrian Bowman, Steven R. TI Holmium-doped silica fiber designs extend fiber lasers beyond 2 mu m SO LASER FOCUS WORLD LA English DT Article AB A 140 W, 2.13 mu m mid-infrared (mid-IR) fiber laser operating with 60% slope efficiency is possible using holmium-doped silica fibers operating at the long-wavelength limit of silica optical fiber transmission. C1 [Samson, Bryce; Oulundsen, George; Carter, Adrian] Nufern, E Granby, CT 06026 USA. [Bowman, Steven R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Samson, B (reprint author), Nufern, 7 Airport Pk Rd, E Granby, CT 06026 USA. EM bsamson@nufern.com; steven.bowman@nrl.navy.mil FU US Department of Defense Joint Technology Office for High Energy Lasers (JTO) FX The authors are grateful to the Defense Science and Technology Office (DSTO) Australia for some of the data used in this article and the US Department of Defense Joint Technology Office for High Energy Lasers (JTO) for funding. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO PI NASHUA PA 98 SPIT BROOK RD, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 USA SN 1043-8092 J9 LASER FOCUS WORLD JI Laser Focus World PD AUG PY 2012 VL 48 IS 8 BP 47 EP 50 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 998SB UT WOS:000308259600015 ER PT J AU Qidwai, SM Turner, DM Niezgoda, SR Lewis, AC Geltmacher, AB Rowenhorst, DJ Kalidindi, SR AF Qidwai, Siddiq M. Turner, David M. Niezgoda, Stephen R. Lewis, Alexis C. Geltmacher, Andrew B. Rowenhorst, David J. Kalidindi, Surya R. TI Estimating the response of polycrystalline materials using sets of weighted statistical volume elements SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Microstructure; Polycrystals; Statistical volume element (SVE); Statistics; Finite-element modeling (FEM) ID 2-POINT CORRELATION-FUNCTIONS; CRYSTAL PLASTICITY; REPRESENTATIVE VOLUME; INTRAGRANULAR BEHAVIOR; HETEROGENEOUS BODIES; CELLULAR MATERIALS; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; TEXTURE EVOLUTION; TITANIUM-ALLOY; STRAIN FIELDS AB The traditional representative volume element (RVE) is usually obtained through an iterative procedure based on the convergence of a selected material property. Although RVEs produced in this manner are generally presumed to automatically capture the salient features of the underlying microstructure, they typically do not achieve this requirement. Alternatively, one can identify a weighted set of statistical volume elements (WSVEs) that captures selected dominant components of n-point spatial correlations of the microstructure to prescribed accuracy. The main advantage of using WSVEs is that the key microstructural features are captured within sets of computationally manageable models ensuring reliable calculation of the material behavior and its variance in an efficient manner. In this paper, this concept of WSVEs is applied and validated for a nearly randomly oriented body-centered cubic beta-Ti alloy. Specifically, two WSVE sets composed of members with an average of 100 grains and 200 grains, respectively, are derived from a 4300-grain reconstruction of real microstructure based on the dominant two-point spatial correlation statistics identified by principal component analyses. Crystal plasticity formulation is used to model the behavior of the material under selected globally applied loading conditions. The WSVEs obtained in this work were validated by comparing their overall stress strain responses with those of a traditional 500-grain RVE. Furthermore, the frequency plots of the microscale cumulative shear strains obtained using the WSVEs compared favorably with those obtained using the traditional RVE. It is concluded that WSVE sets based on microstructure provide a viable practical alternative to the traditionally defined RVE in estimating the response of large polycrystalline microstructure datasets, with reasonable accuracy and significantly smaller computational resource needs. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Qidwai, Siddiq M.; Lewis, Alexis C.; Geltmacher, Andrew B.; Rowenhorst, David J.] USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Turner, David M.; Kalidindi, Surya R.] Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Niezgoda, Stephen R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Qidwai, SM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Code 6350,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM siddiq.qidwai@nrl.navy.mil RI Niezgoda, Stephen/I-6750-2013; OI Niezgoda, Stephen/0000-0002-7123-466X; Qidwai, Siddiq/0000-0002-2389-118X; Kalidindi, Surya/0000-0001-6909-7507 FU Office of Naval Research and Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency [N0001407WX20381]; ONR awards [N0001411WX21189, N00014-11-1-0759]; Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program using the Air Force Research Laboratory Major Shared Resource Center [416, 231] FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research and Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under Grant No. N0001407WX20381 (Dr. Julie Christodoulou, program manager). A.C.L. and D.J.R., and D.M.T. and S.R.K. also acknowledge funding from ONR awards N0001411WX21189 and N00014-11-1-0759, respectively (Dr. William M. Mullins, program manager). The finite-element analysis was supported by the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program using the Air Force Research Laboratory Major Shared Resource Center under project 416, subproject 231. NR 58 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 48 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 60 IS 13-14 BP 5284 EP 5299 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.06.026 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 002DJ UT WOS:000308510900029 ER PT J AU Becker, PA Klochkov, D Schonherr, G Nishimura, O Ferrigno, C Caballero, I Kretschmar, P Wolff, MT Wilms, J Staubert, R AF Becker, P. A. Klochkov, D. Schoenherr, G. Nishimura, O. Ferrigno, C. Caballero, I. Kretschmar, P. Wolff, M. T. Wilms, J. Staubert, R. TI Spectral formation in accreting X-ray pulsars: bimodal variation of the cyclotron energy with luminosity SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: neutron; pulsars: general; radiative transfer; accretion, accretion disks ID MAGNETIZED NEUTRON-STARS; LINE ENERGY; 4U 0115+63; RADIATION; HERCULES-X-1; DISCOVERY; OUTBURST; MODEL; RXTE; COMPTONIZATION AB Context. Accretion-powered X-ray pulsars exhibit significant variability of the cyclotron resonance scattering feature (CRSF) centroid energy on pulse-to-pulse timescales, and also on much longer timescales. Two types of spectral variability are observed. For sources in group 1, the CRSF energy is negatively correlated with the variable source luminosity, and for sources in group 2, the opposite behavior is observed. The physical basis for this bimodal behavior is currently not well understood. Aims. We explore the hypothesis that the accretion dynamics in the group 1 sources is dominated by radiation pressure near the stellar surface, and that Coulomb interactions decelerate the gas to rest in the group 2 sources. Methods. We derive a new expression for the critical luminosity, L-crit, such that radiation pressure decelerates the matter to rest in sources with X-ray luminosity L-X > L-crit. The formula for L-crit is based on a simple physical model for the structure of the accretion column in luminous X-ray pulsars that takes into account radiative deceleration, the energy dependence of the cyclotron cross section, the thermodynamics of the accreting gas, the dipole structure of the pulsar magnetosphere, and the diffusive escape of radiation through the column walls. We show that for typical neutron star parameters, L-crit = 1.5 x 10(37)B(12)(16/15) erg s(-1), where B-12 is the surface magnetic field strength in units of 10(12) G. Results. The formula for the critical luminosity is evaluated for five sources, using the maximum value of the CRSF centroid energy to estimate the surface magnetic field strength B-12. The results confirm that the group 1 sources are supercritical (L-X > L-crit) and the group 2 sources are subcritical (L-X < L-crit), although the situation is less clear for those highly variable sources that cross over the line L-X = L-crit. We also explain the variation of the CRSF energy with luminosity as a consequence of the variation of the characteristic emission height. The sign of this dependence is opposite in the supercritical and subcritical cases, hence creating the observed bimodal behavior. Conclusions. We have developed a new model for the critical luminosity in accretion-powered X-ray pulsars that explains the bimodal dependence of the CRSF centroid energy on the X-ray luminosity L-X. Our model provides a physical basis for the observed variation of the CRSF energy as a function of L-X for both the group 1 (supercritical) and the group 2 (subcritical) sources as a result of the variation of the emission height in the column. C1 [Becker, P. A.] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Klochkov, D.; Staubert, R.] Univ Tubingen, Abt Astron, Inst Astron & Astrophys, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Schoenherr, G.] Leibniz Inst Astrophys Potsdam, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany. [Nishimura, O.] Nagano Natl Coll Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Sci, Nagano 3818550, Japan. [Ferrigno, C.] Univ Geneva, ISDC Data Ctr Astrophys, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Caballero, I.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, AIM, CEA,DSM,Irfu,Serv Astrophys,UMR 7158, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Kretschmar, P.] European Space Astron Ctr, European Space Agcy, Madrid 28691, Spain. [Wolff, M. T.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Wilms, J.] Dr Karl Remeis Observ, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Wilms, J.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. RP Becker, PA (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, MS 5C3,4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM pbecker@gmu.edu RI Wilms, Joern/C-8116-2013; OI Wilms, Joern/0000-0003-2065-5410; Kretschmar, Peter/0000-0001-9840-2048 FU US Office of Naval Research; French Space Agency CNES through CNRS FX The authors gratefully acknowledge generous support provided by the ISSI in Bern, Switzerland, during the course of this work. M. T. W. acknowledges support from the US Office of Naval Research. I. C. acknowledges financial support from the French Space Agency CNES through CNRS. The authors are also grateful for assistance and useful comments from S. Muller, B. West, K. Wolfram, and A. Bodaghee. We also thank S. Tsygankov for providing observational data in digital form. Finally, we are grateful to the referee, Lev Titarchuk, for a careful reading of the manuscript and several insightful suggestions for improvement. NR 36 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 544 AR A123 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201219065 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 999DS UT WOS:000308290100123 ER PT J AU Dahlburg, RB Einaudi, G Rappazzo, AF Velli, M AF Dahlburg, R. B. Einaudi, G. Rappazzo, A. F. Velli, M. TI Turbulent coronal heating mechanisms: coupling of dynamics and thermodynamics SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); turbulence ID MHD TURBULENCE; SOLAR CORONA; LOOPS; DISSIPATION; FIELDS AB Context. Photospheric motions shuffle the footpoints of the strong axial magnetic field that threads coronal loops, which gives rise to turbulent nonlinear dynamics that are characterized by the continuous formation and dissipation of field-aligned current sheets in which energy is deposited at small-scales and the heating occurs. Previous studies showed that the current sheet thickness is several orders of magnitude smaller than present-day state-of-the-art observational resolution (similar to 700 km). Aims. To understand coronal heating and correctly interpret observations it is crucial to study the thermodynamics of such a system in which energy is deposited at unresolved small-scales. Methods. Fully compressible three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations were carried out to understand the thermodynamics of coronal heating in the magnetically confined solar corona. Results. We show that temperature is highly structured at scales below observational resolution. It is also nonhomogeneously distributed so that only a fraction of the coronal mass and volume is heated at each time. Conclusions. This is a multi-thermal system in which hotter and cooler plasma strands are also found next to each other at sub-resolution scales and exhibit a temporal dynamics. C1 [Dahlburg, R. B.] USN, Lab Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Einaudi, G.] Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Rappazzo, A. F.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Velli, M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Dahlburg, RB (reprint author), USN, Lab Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM rdahlbur@lcp.nrl.navy.mil FU NASA FX This work was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory under a contract with NASA. R. B. D. thanks P. Byrne for helpful conversations. NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 544 AR L20 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201219752 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 999DS UT WOS:000308290100180 ER PT J AU Efroimsky, M AF Efroimsky, M. TI Justification of the two-bulge method in the theory of bodily tides SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; planetary systems; stars: rotation; celestial mechanics; planets and satellites: general; planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability ID ETOILE DOUBLE SERREE; TIDAL DISSIPATION AB Aims: Mathematical modeling of bodily tides can be carried out in various ways. Most straightforward is the method of complex amplitudes, which is often used in the planetary science. Another method, employed both in planetary science and in astrophysics, is based on decomposition of each harmonic of the tide into two bulges oriented orthogonally to one another. We prove that the two methods are equivalent. Specifically, we demonstrate that the two-bulge method is not a separate approximation, but ensues directly from the Fourier expansion of a linear tidal theory equipped with an arbitrary rheological model involving a departure from elasticity. Methods. To this end, we use the most general mathematical formalism applicable to linear bodily tides. To express the tidal amendment to the potential of the perturbed primary, we act on the tide-raising potential of the perturbing secondary with a convolution operator. Results. This enables us to interconnect a complex Fourier component of the tidally generated potential of the perturbed primary with the appropriate complex Fourier component of the tide-raising potential of the secondary. Then we demonstrate how this interrelation entails the two-bulge description. Conclusions. While less economical mathematically, the two-bulge approach has a good illustrative power, and may be employed on a par with a more concise method of complex amplitudes. At the same time, there exist situations where the two-bulge method becomes more practical for technical calculations. C1 USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Efroimsky, M (reprint author), USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. EM michael.efroimsky@usno.navy.mil OI Efroimsky, Michael/0000-0003-1249-9622 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 544 AR A133 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201219485 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 999DS UT WOS:000308290100133 ER PT J AU Modi, M Stanco, JJ AF Modi, Mukund Stanco, Joseph J. TI Demonstrating the Capabilities of IEEE SIMICA Standards in Support of the DoD ATS Framework in a Net-Centric Maintenance Environment SO IEEE INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT MAGAZINE LA English DT Article C1 [Modi, Mukund] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, API Div, Lakehurst, NJ USA. RP Modi, M (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, API Div, Code 4-8-3, Lakehurst, NJ USA. EM mukund.modi@navy.mil; jstanco@mail.ssai.org NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1094-6969 J9 IEEE INSTRU MEAS MAG JI IEEE Instrum. Meas. Mag. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 15 IS 4 BP 40 EP 45 DI 10.1109/MIM.2012.6263983 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 993EE UT WOS:000307837800007 ER PT J AU Rudolph, SM Grbic, A AF Rudolph, Scott Michael Grbic, Anthony TI A Broadband Three-Dimensionally Isotropic Negative-Refractive-Index Medium SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE Metamaterials; negative index of refraction; negative permeability; periodic structures; super resolution ID TRANSMISSION-LINE; NRI MEDIA; METAMATERIAL; PERMEABILITY; SUPERLENS; DESIGN; LENS AB When designing negative-refractive-index (NRI) metamaterials, scientists have struggled to overcome three primary obstacles: polarization dependence, narrow bandwidth, and fabrication challenges. Here, we address these issues with the design of a three-dimensional, fully isotropic, broadband NRI medium that can be produced on a large scale. The simulated structure exhibits a NRI bandwidth of 24.1%, more than twice that achievable using a typical split-ring resonator/wire medium. A four-hundred-unit-cell slab measuring 15 cm x 15 cm x 6 cm is fabricated and used as a flat NRI lens. The lens produces a super-resolved focus independent of the type of source or its polarization. C1 [Rudolph, Scott Michael] USN, Tact Elect Warfare Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Grbic, Anthony] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Rudolph, SM (reprint author), USN, Tact Elect Warfare Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM scott.rudolph@nrl.navy.mil; agrbic@umich.edu FU Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers [FA9550-09-1-0696]; NSF Faculty Early Career Development Award [ECCS-0747623]; AFOSR through the Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative Program [FA9550-06-01-0279] FX This work was supported by the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (FA9550-09-1-0696) and the NSF Faculty Early Career Development Award (ECCS-0747623) and AFOSR Grant FA9550-06-01-0279 through the Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative Program. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 20 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-926X EI 1558-2221 J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 60 IS 8 BP 3661 EP 3669 DI 10.1109/TAP.2012.2201079 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 001BW UT WOS:000308435800014 ER PT J AU Blaine, RW Atkinson, NM Kauppila, JS Loveless, TD Armstrong, SE Holman, WT Massengill, LW AF Blaine, Raymond W. Atkinson, Nick M. Kauppila, Jeffrey S. Loveless, T. Daniel Armstrong, Sarah E. Holman, W. Tim Massengill, Lloyd W. TI Single-Event-Hardened CMOS Operational Amplifier Design SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radiation Effects on Components and Systems (RADECS)/Radiation Effects Data Workshop CY SEP 19-23, 2011 CL Univ Sevilla, Escuela Super Ingenieros, Seville, SPAIN SP Inst Nacl Tecnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Univ Sevilla, Thales Alenia Space, ALTER Technol Grp, ESA, NASA, JPL (NASA/Cal Tech), RADECS Org, IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (NPSS) HO Univ Sevilla, Escuela Super Ingenieros DE Differential charge cancellation (DCC); operational amplifier; radiation-hardening-by-design (RHBD); sensitive node active charge cancellation (SNACC); single-event effects (SEE) ID TRANSIENTS AB Novel RHBD techniques are described that utilize charge sharing to mitigate single-event voltage transients in a folded cascode operational amplifier. These techniques are analyzed using a new layout aware single-event model with the Cadence Spectre circuit simulator. The techniques are applied in each of the three stages of an operational amplifier (op amp). The sensitive node active charge cancellation (SNACC) technique is applied to the bias circuit and extended to protect multiple sensitive nodes. This technique is shown to provide a 5X reduction in error energy measured at the amplifier output at the cost of increased sensitive area. The differential input stage and the high-gain single-ended cascode output stage of the amplifier are hardened using differential charge cancellation (DCC) layout techniques that promote charge sharing. These hardening techniques are shown to provide up to orders of magnitude reductions in single-event error energies as measured at the op amp output and reductions in sensitive area of more than 15% across all LETs simulated. C1 [Blaine, Raymond W.; Atkinson, Nick M.; Loveless, T. Daniel; Armstrong, Sarah E.; Holman, W. Tim; Massengill, Lloyd W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Armstrong, Sarah E.] NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. [Kauppila, Jeffrey S.] Vanderbilt Univ, Inst Space & Def Elect, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Blaine, RW (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. EM raymond.w.blaine@vanderbilt.edu; nick.atkinson@vanderbilt.edu; j.kauppila@vanderbilt.edu; Daniel.loveless@vanderbilt.edu; tim.holman@vanderbilt.edu; Lloyd.massen-gill@vanderbilt.edu RI Loveless, Thomas/G-9420-2011; Loveless, Thomas/C-7132-2016 NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 59 IS 4 BP 803 EP 810 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2200502 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 993XQ UT WOS:000307893700020 ER PT J AU Buchner, S Roche, N Warner, J McMorrow, D Miller, F Morand, S Pouget, V Larue, C Ferlet-Cavrois, V El Mamouni, F Kettunen, H Adell, P Allen, G Aveline, D AF Buchner, S. Roche, N. Warner, J. McMorrow, D. Miller, F. Morand, S. Pouget, V. Larue, C. Ferlet-Cavrois, V. El Mamouni, F. Kettunen, H. Adell, P. Allen, G. Aveline, D. TI Comparison of Single Event Transients Generated at Four Pulsed-Laser Test Facilities-NRL, IMS, EADS, JPL SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radiation Effects on Components and Systems (RADECS)/Radiation Effects Data Workshop CY SEP 19-23, 2011 CL Univ Sevilla, Escuela Super Ingenieros, Seville, SPAIN SP Inst Nacl Tecnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Univ Sevilla, Thales Alenia Space, ALTER Technol Grp, ESA, NASA, JPL (NASA/Cal Tech), RADECS Org, IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (NPSS) HO Univ Sevilla, Escuela Super Ingenieros DE Heavy ions; operational amplifier; photodiode; pulsed laser; single event transients; wavelength ID INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS; CHARGE COLLECTION; LIGHT AB Four pulsed-laser single-event effects systems, differing in wavelength and pulse width, were used to generate single event transients in a large-area silicon photodiode and an operational amplifier (LM124) to determine how transient amplitude and charge collection varied among the different systems. The optical wavelength and the focused spot size are the primary factors influencing the resultant charge density profile. In the large-area photodiode the transients can be distorted by high charge-injection densities that occur for tightly focused, higher energy optical pulses. When the incident laser-pulse energies are corrected for reflection losses and photon efficiency, with collection depth as a floating parameter (to account for diffusion), the photodiode data for all four devices lie on a single curve. The LM124 response varies with the specific transistor irradiated; similar transient shapes are measured for the different pulse wavelengths, with some deviations in the case of R1. These results reiterate that there is no single, optimum pulsed-laser system for SEE studies; that choice depends on the device to be tested, the intended application of that device, the goals of the test, and availability. For the specific devices evaluated here, any of the four laser systems would be sufficient for most tests. C1 [Buchner, S.; Roche, N.; Warner, J.; McMorrow, D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Miller, F.; Morand, S.] EADS France, Suresnes, France. [Pouget, V.; Larue, C.] IMS, Bordeaux, France. [Ferlet-Cavrois, V.] European Space Agcy, ESA ESTEC, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. [El Mamouni, F.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Kettunen, H.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, Accelerator Lab, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Adell, P.; Allen, G.; Aveline, D.] NASA JPL, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Buchner, S (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM florent.miller@EADS.net; vincent.pouget@ims-bordeaux.fr; veronique.ferlet-cavrois@esa.int; farah.el.mamouni@vanderbild.edu; Philippe.Adell@jpl.nasa.gov NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 59 IS 4 BP 988 EP 998 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2201956 PN 1 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 993XQ UT WOS:000307893700045 ER PT J AU Armstrong, SE Blaine, RW Holman, WT Massengill, LW AF Armstrong, S. E. Blaine, R. W. Holman, W. T. Massengill, L. W. TI Single-Event Analysis and Hardening of Mixed-Signal Circuit Interfaces in High-Speed Communications Devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radiation Effects on Components and Systems (RADECS)/Radiation Effects Data Workshop CY SEP 19-23, 2011 CL Univ Sevilla, Escuela Super Ingenieros, Seville, SPAIN SP Inst Nacl Tecnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Univ Sevilla, Thales Alenia Space, ALTER Technol Grp, ESA, NASA, JPL (NASA/Cal Tech), RADECS Org, IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (NPSS) HO Univ Sevilla, Escuela Super Ingenieros DE High-speed integrated circuit design; radiation hardening by design; semiconductor device radiation effects; single event effects ID DESIGN TECHNIQUE; MITIGATION; TRANSIENTS AB High-speed communication systems typically employ a mix of signal types and circuit topologies in order to optimize efficient data propagation. Current-mode logic is the industry standard for high-speed CMOS circuit design due to the inherent speed of current steering. However, current-mode output voltages are not rail-to-rail and therefore require a conversion to a full-swing signal for downstream CMOS logic. This interface between current-mode and CMOS logic is found to be vulnerable to single-event effects. A radiation-hardened-by-design solution is proposed for such interfaces. C1 [Armstrong, S. E.] NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. [Armstrong, S. E.; Blaine, R. W.; Holman, W. T.; Massengill, L. W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Radiat Effects Grp, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Armstrong, SE (reprint author), NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. EM sarah.armstrong@vanderbilt.edu; lloyd.massengill@vanderbilt.edu NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 59 IS 4 BP 1027 EP 1033 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2194166 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 993XQ UT WOS:000307893700050 ER PT J AU Xapsos, MA Stauffer, CA Jordan, TM Adams, JH Dietrich, WF AF Xapsos, Michael A. Stauffer, Craig A. Jordan, Thomas M. Adams, James H., Jr. Dietrich, William F. TI Periods of High Intensity Solar Proton Flux SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radiation Effects on Components and Systems (RADECS)/Radiation Effects Data Workshop CY SEP 19-23, 2011 CL Univ Sevilla, Escuela Super Ingenieros, Seville, SPAIN SP Inst Nacl Tecnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Univ Sevilla, Thales Alenia Space, ALTER Technol Grp, ESA, NASA, JPL (NASA/Cal Tech), RADECS Org, IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (NPSS) HO Univ Sevilla, Escuela Super Ingenieros DE Solar particle event; worst case flux ID PROBABILITY MODEL; EVENT FLUENCES; PEAK FLUXES; PARTICLES AB Analysis is presented for times during a space mission that specified solar proton flux levels are exceeded. This includes both total time and continuous time periods during missions. Results for the solar maximum and solar minimum phases of the solar cycle are presented and compared for a broad range of proton energies and shielding levels. This type of approach is more amenable to reliability analysis for spacecraft systems and instrumentation than standard statistical models. C1 [Xapsos, Michael A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Stauffer, Craig A.] MEI Technol, Seabrook, MD 20706 USA. [Jordan, Thomas M.] EMPC, Gaithersburg, MD 20885 USA. [Adams, James H., Jr.] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Dietrich, William F.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Xapsos, MA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM michael.a.xapsos@nasa.gov NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 59 IS 4 BP 1054 EP 1059 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2196447 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 993XQ UT WOS:000307893700054 ER PT J AU Nydick, JA Greenberg, SM Stone, JD Williams, B Polikandriotis, JA Hess, AV AF Nydick, Jason A. Greenberg, Scott M. Stone, Jeffrey D. Williams, Bailee Polikandriotis, John A. Hess, Alfred V. TI Clinical Outcomes of Total Wrist Arthroplasty SO JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article DE Total wrist arthroplasty; wrist arthritis ID FAILED IMPLANT ARTHROPLASTY; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; MOTION; ARTHRODESIS; PROSTHESES; SALVAGE AB Purpose Current indications for total wrist arthroplasty include patients with symptomatic end stage posttraumatic wrist arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and Kienbock disease, as an alternative to wrist arthrodesis. Arthroplasty may have advantage over arthrodesis because of the ability to retain motion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term clinical outcomes and complications of the Maestro Total Wrist System. Methods We report the results of a retrospective review of 23 total wrist prostheses implanted in 22 patients. We administered the visual analog pain scale and Mayo wrist and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaires. We reviewed wrist motion, grip strength, radiographs, and complications. Results At a mean follow-up of 28 months (range, 4-55 mo), the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score and Mayo wrist score were 31 and 54, respectively. Mean pain scores improved from 8.0 to 2.2. The mean wrist flexion-extension arc was 90 degrees. Radiographs revealed no evidence of prosthetic loosening. Grip strength averaged 60% of the strength of the opposite hand. Complications occurred in 7 of 23 patients. One failure occurred as a result of deep infection in a patient with prior intercarpal fusion, and was successfully converted to a wrist fusion. Conclusions Total wrist arthroplasty performed for pancarpal arthritis as an alternative to wrist arthrodesis can yield successful outcomes with low short-term failure rates. (J Hand Surg 2012;37A: 1580-1584. Copyright (C) 2012 by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. All rights reserved.) Type of study/level of evidence Therapeutic IV. C1 Florida Orthopaed Inst, Tampa, FL USA. Fdn Orthopaed Res & Educ, Tampa, FL USA. RP Nydick, JA (reprint author), USN, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Hosp Pensacola, 6000 W Highway 98, Pensacola, FL 32512 USA. EM orthojason@me.com NR 23 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0363-5023 J9 J HAND SURG-AM JI J. Hand Surg.-Am. Vol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 37A IS 8 BP 1580 EP 1584 DI 10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.05.016 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 985JK UT WOS:000307260200009 PM 22763052 ER PT J AU Stepanovich, MT Hogan, CJ AF Stepanovich, Matthew T. Hogan, Christopher J. TI Posterior Interosseous and Ulnar Nerve Motor Palsies After a Minimally Displaced Radial Neck Fracture SO JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article DE Fracture; nerve palsy; radial neck ID ELBOW; FOREARM; INNERVATION; ANATOMY AB Peripheral nerve injury is a serious potential complication following an upper extremity fracture. A rare case of acute posterior interosseous nerve and ulnar nerve palsy following a minimally displaced radial neck fracture is reported. With nonsurgical management, both nerves demonstrated excellent functional recovery. Although rare, nerve palsies can occur during a variety of upper extremity clinical situations, including minimally displaced fractures, and the importance of a detailed neurologic examination cannot be overstated. (J Hand Surg 2012;37A:1630-1633. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand.) C1 [Stepanovich, Matthew T.; Hogan, Christopher J.] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Stepanovich, MT (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM matthew.stepanovich@med.navy.mil NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0363-5023 J9 J HAND SURG-AM JI J. Hand Surg.-Am. Vol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 37A IS 8 BP 1630 EP 1633 DI 10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.05.028 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 985JK UT WOS:000307260200016 PM 22835587 ER PT J AU Hays, J Sandu, A Sandu, C Hong, D AF Hays, Joe Sandu, Adrian Sandu, Corina Hong, Dennis TI Parametric Design Optimization of Uncertain Ordinary Differential Equation Systems SO JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL DESIGN LA English DT Article DE design optimization; dynamic optimization; nonlinear programming; multiobjective optimization; multibody dynamics; uncertainty quantification; generalized polynomial chaos ID GENERALIZED POLYNOMIAL CHAOS; QUARTER-CAR MODELS; MULTIDISCIPLINARY OPTIMIZATION; MECHATRONIC VEHICLES; MULTIBODY DYNAMICS; GENETIC ALGORITHMS; SUSPENSION SYSTEM; NUMERICAL-METHODS; INVERSE PROBLEMS AB This work presents a novel optimal design framework that treats uncertain dynamical systems described by ordinary differential equations. Uncertainty in multibody dynamical systems comes from various sources, such as system parameters, initial conditions, sensor and actuator noise, and external forcing. The inclusion of uncertainty in design is of paramount practical importance because all real-life systems are affected by it. Designs that ignore uncertainty often lead to poor robustness and suboptimal performance. In this work, uncertainties are modeled using generalized polynomial chaos and are solved quantitatively using a least-square collocation method. The uncertainty statistics are explicitly included in the optimization process. Systems that are nonlinear have active constraints, or opposing design objectives are shown to benefit from the new framework. Specifically, using a constraint-based multi-objective formulation, the direct treatment of uncertainties during the optimization process is shown to shift, or off-set, the resulting Pareto optimal trade-off curve. A nonlinear vehicle suspension design problem, subject to parametric uncertainty, illustrates the capability of the new framework to produce an optimal design that accounts for the entire family of systems within the associated probability space. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4006950] C1 [Hays, Joe] USN, Control Syst Branch, Spacecraft Engn Div, Naval Ctr Space Technol,Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sandu, Adrian] Virginia Tech, Sci Computat Lab, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Sandu, Corina] Virginia Tech, Adv Vehicle Dynam Lab, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Hong, Dennis] Virginia Tech, Robot & Mech Lab, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Hays, J (reprint author), USN, Control Syst Branch, Spacecraft Engn Div, Naval Ctr Space Technol,Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joehays@vt.edu; sandu@cs.vt.edu; csandu@vt.edu; dhong@vt.edu FU Automotive Research Center (ARC) FX This work was partially supported by the Automotive Research Center (ARC), Thrust Area 1. NR 81 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 24 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1050-0472 J9 J MECH DESIGN JI J. Mech. Des. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 134 IS 8 AR 081003 DI 10.1115/1.4006950 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 000QV UT WOS:000308403300006 ER PT J AU Zalalutdinov, MK Robinson, JT Junkermeier, CE Culbertson, JC Reinecke, TL Stine, R Sheehan, PE Houston, BH Snow, ES AF Zalalutdinov, Maxim K. Robinson, Jeremy T. Junkermeier, Chad E. Culbertson, James C. Reinecke, Thomas L. Stine, Rory Sheehan, Paul E. Houston, Brian H. Snow, Eric S. TI Engineering Graphene Mechanical Systems SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Graphene; cross-linking; quality factor; nanomechanics; resonator; functionalization ID ELASTIC PROPERTIES; OXIDE; GRAPHITE; CARBON; FILMS; RESONATORS; REDUCTION; EVOLUTION AB We report a method to introduce direct bonding between graphene platelets that enables the transformation of a multilayer chemically modified graphene (CMG) film from a paper mache-like" structure into a stiff, high strength material. On the basis of chemical/defect manipulation and recrystallization, this technique allows wide-range engineering of mechanical properties (stiffness, strength, density, and built-in stress) in ultrathin CMG films. A dramatic increase in the Young's modulus (up to 800 GPa) and enhanced strength (sustainable stress >= 1 GPa) due to cross-linking, in combination with high tensile stress, produced high-performance (quality factor of 31 000 at room temperature) radio frequency nanomechanical resonators. The ability to fine-tune intraplatelet mechanical properties through chemical modification and to locally activate direct carbon carbon bonding within carbon-based nanomaterials will transform these systems into true "materials-by-design" for nanomechanics. C1 [Zalalutdinov, Maxim K.; Robinson, Jeremy T.; Junkermeier, Chad E.; Culbertson, James C.; Reinecke, Thomas L.; Stine, Rory; Sheehan, Paul E.; Houston, Brian H.; Snow, Eric S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Robinson, JT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jeremy.robinson@nrl.navy.mil RI Robinson, Jeremy/F-2748-2010; Stine, Rory/C-6709-2013; Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010 OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124 FU Office of Naval Research; NRL's Nanoscience Institute FX The authors are grateful for funding from the Office of Naval Research and NRL's Nanoscience Institute. We thank David Zapotok and Dean St. Amand in NRL's Nanoscience Institute for continual technical support. We thank D. Photiadis, J. M. Parpia and R Rendell for discussions. NR 39 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 7 U2 107 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 12 IS 8 BP 4212 EP 4218 DI 10.1021/nl3018059 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 984SD UT WOS:000307211000054 PM 22764747 ER PT J AU Mohamed, GH Gelfond, JAL Nicolas, MM Brand, TC Sarvis, JA Leach, RJ Johnson-Pais, TL AF Mohamed, Gihan H. Gelfond, Jonathan A. L. Nicolas, Marlo M. Brand, Timothy C. Sarvis, Jamey A. Leach, Robin J. Johnson-Pais, Teresa L. TI Genomic Characterization of Testis Cancer: Association of Alterations With Outcome of Clinical Stage 1 Mixed Germ Cell Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumor of the Testis SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TESTICULAR CANCER; COPY NUMBER; ARRAY-CGH; RISK; GENE; CHROMOSOME-12; HYBRIDIZATION; 12P-AMPLICON; ADOLESCENTS; PATTERNS AB OBJECTIVE To identify genomic markers that are reliable in predicting lymph node metastases in clinical stage 1 non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCTs). METHODS Comparative genomic array technology was used to identify regions of genomic amplification or deletion in clinical stage 1 NSGCTs. Twelve stage 1 mixed germ cell testicular tumors were analyzed, which were obtained from 8 patients who had no evidence of nodal metastasis when retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) had been performed (ie, were RPLND negative) and 4 patients who had nodal metastases (ie, were RPLND positive). RESULTS Differences between the genomic alterations associated with the two classes of tumors were identified. Genomic alterations previously reported in other subtypes of testicular tumors were observed in both metastatic and nonmetastatic cases. Statistically suggestive differences in mean copy number of the Y chromosome were found between metastatic and nonmetastatic cases (P = .0142). CONCLUSION This finding suggests the presence of chromosome Y deletions to be a potential genetic marker for prediction of mixed germ cell tumor progression. This is a first step toward identifying chromosomal markers of progression in testicular cancer in clinical stage 1 mixed germ cell NSGCT. UROLOGY 80: 485.e1-485.e5, 2012. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Johnson-Pais, Teresa L.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pediat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Urol, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Johnson-Pais, TL (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pediat, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM paist@uthscsa.edu NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD AUG PY 2012 VL 80 IS 2 AR 485.e1 DI 10.1016/j.urology.2012.02.026 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 985DS UT WOS:000307244200080 PM 22503760 ER PT J AU Hansen, JK AF Hansen, Jason K. TI The economics of optimal urban groundwater management in southwestern USA SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Groundwater management; Urban groundwater; Sustainability; Socio-economic aspects; USA ID RESIDENTIAL WATER DEMAND; PROPERTY-RIGHTS REGIME; 21ST-CENTURY DROUGHT; CADILLAC DESERT; SCARCITY RENTS; NORTH-AMERICA; NEW-MEXICO; SUSTAINABILITY; RESOURCES; HYDROLOGY AB Groundwater serves as the primary water source for approximately 80% of public water systems in the United States, and for many more as a secondary source. Traditionally management relies on groundwater to meet rising demand by increasing supply, but climate uncertainty and population growth require more judicious management to achieve efficiency and sustainability. Over-pumping leads to groundwater overdraft and jeopardizes the ability of future users to depend on the resource. Optimal urban groundwater pumping can play a role in solving this conundrum. This paper investigates to what extent and under what circumstances controlled pumping improves social welfare. It considers management in a hydro-economic framework and finds the optimal pumping path and the optimal price path. These allow for the identification of the social benefit of controlled pumping, and the scarcity rent, which is one tool to sustainably manage groundwater resources. The model is numerically illustrated with a case study from Albuquerque, New Mexico (USA). The Albuquerque results indicate that, in the presence of strong demand growth, controlled pumping improves social welfare by 22%, extends use of the resource, and provides planners with a mechanism to advance the economic sustainability of groundwater. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Def Resources Management Inst, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Hansen, JK (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Def Resources Management Inst, 699 Dyer Rd,Code 64, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jkhansen@nps.edu NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1431-2174 J9 HYDROGEOL J JI Hydrogeol. J. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 20 IS 5 BP 865 EP 877 DI 10.1007/s10040-012-0841-7 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 991OT UT WOS:000307711800006 ER PT J AU Mitchell, C Sprangle, P Penano, J AF Mitchell, Chad Sprangle, Phillip Penano, Joseph TI A Gridded Thermionic Injector Gun for High-Average-Power Free-Electron Lasers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Electron linear accelerators; free-electron laser (FEL); thermionic injectors ID DESIGNS AB High-average-power free-electron lasers (FELs) require high-average-current injectors capable of generating high-quality short-duration electron bunches with a repetition rate equal to the frequency of the energy-recovery linac (similar to 700 MHz). We present an injector configuration that utilizes an RF-gated gridded thermionic cathode inset into a 700-MHz RF cavity. The grid is independently modulated using RF power at one or more harmonics of the main cavity frequency, in order to gate emission from the cathode surface. Two- and three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations of this configuration were performed using the gun/collector modeling code MICHELLE. Simulations indicate that this approach can provide the necessary charge per bunch, bunch duration, beam quality, and repetition rate for high-average-power FELs operating in the infrared regime. C1 [Mitchell, Chad; Sprangle, Phillip; Penano, Joseph] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mitchell, C (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM chad.mitchell.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; phillip.sprangle@nrl.navy.mil; joseph.penano@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 40 IS 8 BP 1977 EP 1983 DI 10.1109/TPS.2012.2201962 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 992UW UT WOS:000307806400003 ER PT J AU Sherlock, NP Meyer, RJ AF Sherlock, Nevin P. Meyer, Richard J., Jr. TI Electromechanical Nonlinearities and Losses in Piezoelectric Sonar Transducer Materials SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BEHAVIOR AB Next-generation sonar projectors rely on piezoelectric single crystals such as lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate to induce mechanical strain and generate ever greater acoustic output, but the performance of these materials under high-power operation is not well understood. As the electrical driving force increases, the linear piezoelectric relationships give way to nonlinear, amplitude-dependent properties. Such behavior is impossible to predict solely from small signal, linear measurements. This work has characterized the behavior of single crystals by examining the dynamic relaxation from initial strain levels of 0.1 to 0.2%. Strain-dependent values of the mechanical quality factor and resonance frequency are reported for single crystals, and these properties are compared with conventional high-power piezoceramics. C1 [Sherlock, Nevin P.; Meyer, Richard J., Jr.] Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Sherlock, NP (reprint author), USN, Naval Reactors, Washington, DC USA. EM nevin.sherlock@gmail.com FU Office of Naval Research (ONR, Arlington, VA) FX The authors thank TRS Technologies Inc. for providing the single crystals investigated in this work. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR, Arlington, VA), and the views contained do not necessarily reflect ONR opinion or policy. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD AUG PY 2012 VL 59 IS 8 BP 1618 EP 1623 DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2012.2367 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 993CH UT WOS:000307831900002 PM 22899109 ER PT J AU Vick, MJ Jadaan, OM Wereszczak, AA Choi, SR Heyes, AL Pullen, KR AF Vick, Michael J. Jadaan, Osama M. Wereszczak, Andrew A. Choi, Sung R. Heyes, Andrew L. Pullen, Keith R. TI Engine Design Strategies to Maximize Ceramic Turbine Life and Reliability SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID WATER-VAPOR; PARALINEAR OXIDATION; SILICON-NITRIDE; GAS-TURBINES; 21ST-CENTURY; CORROSION AB Ceramic turbines have long promised to enable higher fuel efficiencies by accommodating higher temperatures without cooling, yet no engines with ceramic rotors are in production today. Studies cite life, reliability, and cost obstacles, often concluding that further improvements in the materials are required. In this paper, we assume instead that the problems could be circumvented by adjusting the engine design. Detailed analyses are conducted for two key life-limiting processes, water vapor erosion and slow crack growth, seeking engine design strategies for mitigating their effects. We show that highly recuperated engines generate extremely low levels of water vapor erosion, enabling lives exceeding 10,000 hs, without environmental barrier coatings. Recuperated engines are highly efficient at low pressure ratios, making low blade speeds practical. Many ceramic demonstration engines have had design point mean blade speeds near 550 m/s. A CARES/Life analysis of an example rotor designed for about half this value indicates vast improvements in slow crack growth-limited life and reliability. Halving the blade speed also reduces foreign object damage particle kinetic energy by a factor of four. In applications requiring very high fuel efficiency that can accept a recuperator, or in short-life simple cycle engines, ceramic turbines are ready for application today. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4005817] C1 [Vick, Michael J.] USN, Res Lab, Vehicle Res Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wereszczak, Andrew A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Choi, Sung R.] USN, Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. [Heyes, Andrew L.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mech Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Pullen, Keith R.] City Univ London, Dept Mech Engn, London EC1V 0HB, England. RP Vick, MJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Vehicle Res Sect, Code 5712, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.vick@nrl.navy.mil; jadaan@uwplatt.edu; wereszczakaa@ornl.gov; Sung.choi1@navy.mil; a.heyes@imperial.ac.uk; k.pullen@city.ac.uk RI Wereszczak, Andrew/I-7310-2016 OI Wereszczak, Andrew/0000-0002-8344-092X FU Naval Research Lab 6.2 Base program FX Support for this work was provided by the Naval Research Lab 6.2 Base program, and is gratefully acknowledged. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 16 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD AUG PY 2012 VL 134 IS 8 AR 081301 DI 10.1115/1.4005817 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 978QR UT WOS:000306760800003 ER PT J AU McGill, AL Bavaro, MF You, WB AF McGill, April L. Bavaro, Mary F. You, Whitney B. TI Postpartum Herpes Simplex Virus Endometritis and Disseminated Infection in Both Mother and Neonate SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PREGNANCY AB BACKGROUND: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is an unusual cause of postpartum endometritis. We describe a rare case of primary disseminated maternal HSV in the postpartum period associated with endometritis. CASE: A previously healthy patient developed fundal tenderness and postpartum fevers after an uncomplicated vaginal delivery. Despite traditional broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy, she had persistent fevers and systemic symptoms. Concurrently, her neonate developed fevers and a nonvesicular rash, with viral cultures ultimately returning positive for HSV. The patient developed active pharyngeal and genital herpetic lesions and was diagnosed with HSV endometritis and disseminated HSV. Symptoms and fevers in both the mother and neonate responded to antiviral therapy. CONCLUSION: Herpes simplex virus endometritis should be included in the differential diagnosis for postpartum fevers and fundal tenderness that are unresponsive to broad-spectrum antimicrobial treatment. (Obstet Gynecol 2012;120:471-3) DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e318257245b C1 USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP McGill, AL (reprint author), Dept OB GYN, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM april.mcgill@med.navy.mil OI McGill, April/0000-0001-8323-1573 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 120 IS 2 BP 471 EP 473 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e318257245b PN 2 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 999ED UT WOS:000308291300013 PM 22825269 ER PT J AU Sebeny, PJ Nakhla, I Moustafa, M Bruton, JA Cline, J Hawk, D El-Mohammady, H Nada, RA Ahmed, SF Pimentel, G Young, SYN AF Sebeny, Peter J. Nakhla, Isabelle Moustafa, Manal Bruton, Jody A. Cline, Joanne Hawk, Douglas El-Mohammady, Hanan Nada, Rania A. Ahmed, Salwa F. Pimentel, Guillermo Young, Sylvia Y. N. TI Hotel Clinic-Based Diarrheal and Respiratory Disease Surveillance in US Service Members Participating in Operation Bright Star in Egypt, 2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SELF-REPORTED INCIDENCE; MILITARY PERSONNEL; TRAVELERS DIARRHEA; NONBATTLE INJURY; ENDURING FREEDOM; NORTHERN EGYPT; IRAQI FREEDOM; ILLNESS; IMPACT AB We conducted clinic-based, influenza-like illness and diarrheal disease surveillance among U.S. service members participating in Operation Bright Star 2009. Epidemiologic data and samples were collected. Nasopharyngeal swab specimens were tested for viruses, and feces was tested for inicrobiologic, immunologic, and molecular diagnostics. A survey was used to collect self-reported data. From 1,529 surveys, 41% reported diarrheal disease and 25% reported respiratory illness (incidence rate = 62 of 100 versus 37 of 100 person-months; incidence rate ratio = 1.7, 95% confidence interval = 1.5-1.9). Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli was identified in 74% (69 of 93) of fecal samples. In the influenza-like illness case series, 17% (9 of 52) were positive for influenza A; all were positive for pandemic (pH1N1) 2009 virus. Rates of decreased work performance reported by patients with diarrhea and influenza-like illness were similar (46% versus 48%; P = 0.8). Diarrheal diseases and respiratory illness remain common among deployed military personnel, with important operational impact. Despite an ongoing influenza pandemic, diarrheal disease incidence was higher than that of respiratory illness. C1 [Sebeny, Peter J.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Infect Dis Directorate, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Sebeny, Peter J.; Nakhla, Isabelle; Moustafa, Manal; El-Mohammady, Hanan; Nada, Rania A.; Ahmed, Salwa F.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Cline, Joanne] US Special Operat Command, Macdill AFB, FL USA. [Hawk, Douglas; Pimentel, Guillermo] USN, Environm Prevent Med Unit 6, Joint Base Pearl Harbor, HI USA. RP Sebeny, PJ (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Infect Dis Directorate, 3A34,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM peter.sebeny@med.navy.mil; isabelle.nakhla.eg@med.navy.mil; manal.moustafa.eg@med.navy.mil; jodybruton@hotmail.com; joanne.cline@socom.mil; douglas.hawk@med.navy.mil; hanan.elmohammady.eg@med.navy.mil; raniaabdelkhalek.eg@med.navy.mil; salwa.fouad.eg@med.navy.mil; guillermo.pimentel@med.navy.mil; sylvia.young@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI Pimentel, Guillermo/0000-0003-2464-1526 FU AFHSC; GEIS OPS; [847705.82000.25GB.E0018] FX This study was supported by AFHSC, GEIS OPS, work unit # "GS-47", and the study protocol NAMRU3.2005.0012 (IRB No.181) was supported under work unit number 847705.82000.25GB.E0018. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 87 IS 2 BP 312 EP 318 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0318 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 984QA UT WOS:000307204900021 PM 22855764 ER PT J AU Barry, JD Hanson, CE McCall, S Merril, J AF Barry, J. Dave Hanson, Chis E. McCall, Suzanne Merril, Jerry TI Evaluation of crotalidae polyvalent fab antivenom for the treatment of Middle Eastern and South Asian Viperidae envenomation in a murine model (Mus musculus) SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Antivenom; Snake bite; Venom C1 [Hanson, Chis E.; McCall, Suzanne; Merril, Jerry] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [Barry, J. Dave] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 50 IS 7 MA 262 BP 692 EP 692 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 985WB UT WOS:000307300100270 ER PT J AU Carstairs, SD Suchard, JR Smith, T Simon, LV Kalynych, C Shimada, M Tanen, DA AF Carstairs, Shaun D. Suchard, Jeffrey R. Smith, Travis Simon, Leslie V. Kalynych, Colleen Shimada, Mai Tanen, David A. TI Contribution of serum ethanol concentration to the osmol gap: A prospective volunteer study SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Alcohol; Laboratory; Osmol gap C1 [Carstairs, Shaun D.; Tanen, David A.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Suchard, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. [Smith, Travis; Simon, Leslie V.; Kalynych, Colleen] Univ Florida Shands Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Shimada, Mai] Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 50 IS 7 MA 269 BP 695 EP 695 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 985WB UT WOS:000307300100277 ER PT J AU Carbone, PN Carbone, DL Carstairs, SD Luzi, SA AF Carbone, Peter N. Carbone, David L. Carstairs, Shaun D. Luzi, Scott A. TI Sudden cardiac death associated with methylone use SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Bath salt; Death; Forensics C1 [Carbone, Peter N.; Carstairs, Shaun D.; Luzi, Scott A.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Carbone, David L.] Univ Arizona, Coll Med Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 50 IS 7 MA 289 BP 704 EP 704 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 985WB UT WOS:000307300100297 ER PT J AU Zanoni, S Matthews, C Darracq, M Carstairs, SD AF Zanoni, Stephen Matthews, Cari Darracq, Michael Carstairs, Shaun D. TI Plastered on pruno: Severe intoxication from prison hooch SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Internet; Ethanol; Drug of abuse C1 [Zanoni, Stephen; Matthews, Cari; Carstairs, Shaun D.] USN, Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Darracq, Michael] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 50 IS 7 MA 312 BP 714 EP 715 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 985WB UT WOS:000307300100320 ER PT J AU Kinney, JC Maslowski, W AF Kinney, J. Clement Maslowski, W. TI On the oceanic communication between the Western Subarctic Gyre and the deep Bering Sea SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS LA English DT Article DE Bering Sea; Alaskan Stream; Western Subarctic Gyre; Aleutian Island Passes; Near Strait; Kamchatka Strait ID ALASKAN STREAM; KAMCHATKA CURRENT; GEOSAT ALTIMETER; CIRCULATION; BASIN; TRANSPORT; EDDIES; EDDY; VARIABILITY; MODEL AB Sparse information is available on the communication between the northern North Pacific and the southern Bering Sea. We present results from a multi-decadal simulation of a high-resolution, pan-Arctic ice-ocean model to address the long-term mean and variability and synthesize limited observations in the Alaskan Stream, Western Subarctic Gyre, and southern Bering Sea. While the mean circulation in the Bering Sea basin is cyclonic, during the 26-year simulation meanders and eddies are continuously present throughout the region, which is consistent with observations from Cokelet and Stabeno (1997). Prediction (instead of prescription) of the Alaskan Stream and Aleutian throughflow allows reproduction of meanders and eddies in the Alaskan Stream and Kamchatka Current similar to those that have been observed previously (e.g. Crawford et al., 2000; Rogachev and Carmack, 2002; Rogachev and Gorin, 2004). Interannual variability in mass transport and property fluxes is particularly strong across the western Aleutian Island Passes, including Buldir Pass, Near Strait, and Kamchatka Strait. Much of this variability can be attributed to the presence of meanders and eddies found both north and south of the passes, which are found to directly cause periodic flow reversals and maxima in the western passes. Given that modeled flow reversals and maxima last for time periods ranging between three months and two years, short-term observations (months to few years) may not be representative of the actual mean flow. These extremes in the communication across the Aleutian Island Passes have a large impact on the oceanic environmental conditions in the southern Bering Sea and could directly impact biological species there and further downstream. Therefore, we identify a need for continuous monitoring of the flow through Buldir Pass, Near, and Kamchatka straits. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kinney, J. Clement; Maslowski, W.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kinney, JC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jlclemen@nps.edu FU Department of Energy Climate and Environmental Sciences Division of the Biological and Environmental Research program; Office of Naval Research; National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs FX We thank the Department of Energy Climate and Environmental Sciences Division of the Biological and Environmental Research program, National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs, and the Office of Naval Research for support of this research. Computer resources were provided through the US Department of Defense High Performance Computer Modernization Program (HPCMP). We also thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for insightful comments, which improved an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0967-0637 EI 1879-0119 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 66 BP 11 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2012.04.001 PG 15 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 990HG UT WOS:000307621000002 ER PT J AU Zwick, ME Joseph, SJ Didelot, X Chen, PE Bishop-Lilly, KA Stewart, AC Willner, K Nolan, N Lentz, S Thomason, MK Sozhamannan, S Mateczun, AJ Du, L Read, TD AF Zwick, Michael E. Joseph, Sandeep J. Didelot, Xavier Chen, Peter E. Bishop-Lilly, Kimberly A. Stewart, Andrew C. Willner, Kristin Nolan, Nichole Lentz, Shannon Thomason, Maureen K. Sozhamannan, Shanmuga Mateczun, Alfred J. Du, Lei Read, Timothy D. TI Genomic characterization of the Bacillus cereus sensu lato species: Backdrop to the evolution of Bacillus anthracis SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-SEQUENCE ALIGNMENTS; BACTERIAL PAN-GENOME; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; REPLICATION PROTEIN; RNA GENES; THURINGIENSIS; VIRULENCE; PLASMID; IDENTIFICATION; ANNOTATION AB The key genes required for Bacillus anthracis to cause anthrax have been acquired recently by horizontal gene transfer. To understand the genetic background for the evolution of B. anthracis virulence, we obtained high-redundancy genome sequences of 45 strains of the Bacillus cereus sensu lato (s.l.) species that were chosen for their genetic diversity within the species based on the existing multilocus sequence typing scheme. From the resulting data, we called more than 324,000 new genes representing more than 12,333 new gene families for this group. The core genome size for the B. cereus s.l. group was similar to 1750 genes, with another 2150 genes found in almost every genome constituting the extended core. There was a paucity of genes specific and conserved in any clade. We found no evidence of recent large-scale gene loss in B. anthracis or for unusual accumulation of nonsynonymous DNA substitutions in the chromosome; however, several B. cereus genomes isolated from soil and not previously associated with human disease were degraded to various degrees. Although B. anthracis has undergone an ecological shift within the species, its chromosome does not appear to be exceptional on a macroscopic scale compared with close relatives. C1 [Zwick, Michael E.; Read, Timothy D.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Zwick, Michael E.; Chen, Peter E.; Bishop-Lilly, Kimberly A.; Stewart, Andrew C.; Willner, Kristin; Nolan, Nichole; Lentz, Shannon; Thomason, Maureen K.; Sozhamannan, Shanmuga; Mateczun, Alfred J.; Read, Timothy D.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Biol Def Res Directorate, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Joseph, Sandeep J.; Read, Timothy D.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Didelot, Xavier] Univ Oxford, Dept Stat, Oxford OX1 3TG, England. [Du, Lei] 454 Life Sci Inc, Branford, CT 06405 USA. RP Read, TD (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM tread@emory.edu RI Didelot, Xavier/H-1608-2013 OI Didelot, Xavier/0000-0003-1885-500X FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency; Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (JSTO-CBD), Defense Threat Reduction Agency Initiative [TMTI0068_07_NM_T] FX We thank Fergus Priest, Margaret Barker, Phyllis Martin, Teddi Shropshire, Ole Andreas Okstad, Anne-Brit Kolsto, and Michel Gohar for sharing strains. We thank Kent Lohman, Patricia Reilly, and members of the 454 Service Center for their help and advice in completing this manuscript. Brian Osborne helped with submission of data to NCBI. Cheryl Timms Strauss edited the manuscript. This work was supported by a contract to 454 Life Sciences, Inc., from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, and by grant TMTI0068_07_NM_T from the Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (JSTO-CBD), Defense Threat Reduction Agency Initiative, to T.D.R. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the U.S. Department of the Navy, U.S. Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Some of the authors are employees of the U.S. Government, and this work was prepared as part of their official duties. Title 17 USC 105 provides that "Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government." Title 17 USC 101 defines a U.S. Government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the U.S. Government as part of that person's official duties. NR 81 TC 44 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 31 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 1088-9051 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 22 IS 8 BP 1512 EP 1524 DI 10.1101/gr.134437.111 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 983BD UT WOS:000307090300013 PM 22645259 ER PT J AU Wheeler, DL AF Wheeler, Deborah L. TI iMuslims: Rewiring the House of Islam SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES LA English DT Book Review C1 [Wheeler, Deborah L.] USN Acad, Dept Polit Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Wheeler, DL (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Polit Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM dwheeler@usna.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0020-7438 J9 INT J MIDDLE E STUD JI Int. J. Middle East Stud. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 44 IS 3 BP 612 EP 614 DI 10.1017/S0020743812000736 PG 4 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA 984FB UT WOS:000307174400037 ER PT J AU Panteleev, G Yaremchuk, M Luchin, V Nechaev, D Kukuchi, T AF Panteleev, Gleb Yaremchuk, Max Luchin, Vladimir Nechaev, Dmitri Kukuchi, Takashi TI Variability of the Bering Sea circulation in the period 1992-2010 SO JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Review DE Bering Sea; Inter-annual variability; Sea surface height; Volume transport; Aleutian passes; Kinetic energy ID OCEAN CIRCULATION; LEVEL VARIABILITY; WATER PROPERTIES; ALASKAN STREAM; CURRENT SYSTEM; WEST-COAST; TRANSPORT; BASIN; PACIFIC; STRAIT AB Sea surface height anomalies observed by satellites in 1992-2010 are combined with monthly climatologies of temperature and salinity to estimate circulation in the southern Bering Sea. The estimated surface and deep currents are consistent with independent velocity observations by surface drifters and Argo floats parked at 1,000 m. Analysis reveals 1-3-Sv interannual transport variations of the major currents with typical intra-annual variability of 3-7 Sv. On the seasonal scale, the Alaskan Stream transport is well correlated with the Kamchatka (0.81), Near Strait (0.53) and the Bering Slope (0.37) currents. Lagged correlations reveal a gradual increase of the time the lags between the transports of the Alaskan Stream, the Bering Slope Current and the Kamchatka Current, supporting the concept that the Bering Sea basin is ventilated by the waters carried by the Alaskan Stream south of the Aleutian Arc and by the flow through the Near Strait. Correlations of the Bering Sea currents with the Bering Strait transport are dominated by the seasonal cycle. On the interannual time scale, significant negative correlations are diagnosed between the Near Strait transport and the Bering Slope and Alaskan Stream currents. Substantial correlations are also diagnosed between the eddy kinetic energy and Pacific Decadal Oscillation. C1 [Panteleev, Gleb] Univ Alaska, IARC, Fairbanks, AK 99975 USA. [Yaremchuk, Max] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Hancock, MS USA. [Luchin, Vladimir] Russian Acad Sci POI FEB RAS, VIIlichev Pacific Oceanol Inst, Far Eastern Branch, Vladivostok 690041, Russia. [Nechaev, Dmitri] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Kukuchi, Takashi] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan. RP Panteleev, G (reprint author), Univ Alaska, IARC, Akasofu Bldg, Fairbanks, AK 99975 USA. EM gleb@iarc.uaf.edu FU Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) [0602435N]; National Science Foundation [1107925]; North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) [828] FX This study was supported by the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) through their sponsorship of research activities at the International Arctic Research Center and by the Office of Naval Research (Program element 0602435N, project "Observational Impact"). G. Panteleev was also supported by the National Science Foundation 1107925 award and by the North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) 828 award. D. Nechaev was supported by the NPRB 828 award. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0916-8370 EI 1573-868X J9 J OCEANOGR JI J. Oceanogr. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 68 IS 4 BP 485 EP 496 DI 10.1007/s10872-012-0113-0 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 985UJ UT WOS:000307295700001 ER PT J AU Ryan, KL Blackbourne, LH Cancio, LC Dunn, WJ Jordan, BS McClinton, AR Nelson, BS Rathbone, CR Ross, JD Kragh, JF AF Ryan, Kathy L. Blackbourne, Lorne H. Cancio, Leopoldo C. Dunn, William J. Jordan, Bryan S. McClinton, Annette R. Nelson, Betty S. Rathbone, Christopher R. Ross, James D. Kragh, John F. TI The Battlefield Health and Trauma Research Institute Scientific Ethics Committee: An evolving model for fostering a culture of integrity SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY LA English DT Review DE Responsible conduct of research; ethics ID RESEARCH MISCONDUCT; RETRACTION AB "The scientific enterprise is built on a foundation of trust. Society trusts that scientific research results are an honest and accurate reflection of a researcher's work. Researchers equally trust that their colleagues have gathered data carefully, have used appropriate analytic and statistical techniques, have reported their results accurately, and have treated the work of other researchers with respect. When this trust is misplaced and the professional standards of science are violated, researchers are not just personally affronted-they feel that the base of their profession has been undermined. This would impact the relationship between science and society." C1 [Ryan, Kathy L.; Blackbourne, Lorne H.; Cancio, Leopoldo C.; Jordan, Bryan S.; McClinton, Annette R.; Nelson, Betty S.; Rathbone, Christopher R.; Kragh, John F.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Dunn, William J.] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Detachment 1, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Ross, James D.] USN, Med Res Unit San Antonio, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Ryan, KL (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3698 Chambers Pass, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Kathy.l.ryan@us.army.mil FU US Army Medical and Materiel Command, Combat Casualty Care Research Program FX Funding was provided by the US Army Medical and Materiel Command, Combat Casualty Care Research Program. K.L.G. is a military service member (or employee of the US Government). This work was prepared as part of her official duties. Title 17 United States Code Section 105 provides that "Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government." Title 17 United States Code Section 101 defines a US Government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the US Government as part of that person's official duties. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Departments of the Army, Air Force or Navy, or the Department of Defense. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 2163-0755 J9 J TRAUMA ACUTE CARE JI J. Trauma Acute Care Surg. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 73 SU 1 BP S3 EP S6 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e3182605f9e PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 992VP UT WOS:000307808500002 PM 22847090 ER PT J AU Shumaker, PR Kwan, JM Landers, JT Uebelhoer, NS AF Shumaker, Peter R. Kwan, Julia M. Landers, John T. Uebelhoer, Nathan S. TI Functional improvements in traumatic scars and scar contractures using an ablative fractional laser protocol SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Laser; fractional; ablative; scar; contracture ID CARBON-DIOXIDE LASER; SKIN; PHOTOTHERMOLYSIS; CO2-LASER; DEVICE; BURNS AB BACKGROUND: Reports describing the use of ablative fractional resurfacing (AFR) for cosmetic improvements in skin dyschromia, rhytides, and textural irregularities are becoming increasingly common in the literature. However, the is little mention of its functional impact on patients with traumatic scars and scar contractures. We present our experience treating scars with AFR, highlighting four illustrative cases and providing a review on possible mechanisms. METHODS: Up to three ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser treatments were performed at 1-month to 2-month intervals on four patients with functional deficits related to refractory scar contractures. Treatments were individualized and began as early as 2 months after injury or final reconstructive surgery. Cases were performed in the outpatient clinic using topical anesthetic supplemented by forced air cooling. Postprocedure care included diluted-vinegar compresses two to three times daily and application of ointment over the treatment area for approximately 3 days after the procedure. Postprocedure pain was minimal, and all patients were allowed to resume physical therapy as early as the day of treatment. RESULTS: AFR was well tolerated without serious complications. Durable and cumulative improvements in range of motion or overall skin functionality were noted in all patients. AFR can be surgery sparing and facilitated earlier return to full or modified activities based on associated injuries. CONCLUSION: AFR is a novel, well tolerated, and effective complement to traditional rehabilitative management for patients with traumatic scars and scar contractures. Potential paradigm shifts include earlier initiation of treatment and a focus on functional improvements. (J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012; 73: S116-S121. Copyright (C) 2012 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins) C1 [Shumaker, Peter R.; Kwan, Julia M.; Landers, John T.; Uebelhoer, Nathan S.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Shumaker, PR (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 300, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM peter.shumaker@med.navy.mil NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 15 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 2163-0755 J9 J TRAUMA ACUTE CARE JI J. Trauma Acute Care Surg. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 73 SU 1 BP S116 EP S121 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318260634b PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 992VP UT WOS:000307808500021 PM 22847080 ER PT J AU Gaines, RJ Wilson, A Antevil, J DeMaio, M AF Gaines, Robert J. Wilson, Addison Antevil, Jared DeMaio, Marlene TI Parallel Plating for a Sternomanubrial Dislocation SO ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article ID MANUBRIOSTERNAL DISLOCATION; JOINT; DISRUPTION; FRACTURES; DEFORMITY AB Sternomanubrial dislocations are rare injuries. Although few cases of this injury have been reported in the literature, the etiology has varied widely: trampoline injury, seizures, falls from height, sporting injuries, gradual deformities from spine fractures, and motor vehicle collisions. This injury has been classified into 2 types: in type I, the sternal body is displaced posteriorly to the manubrium, and in the more common type II, the sternal body is displaced anteriorly. The sternomanubrial joint is an amphiarthroidal joint that bears hyaline cartilage on both surfaces connected by a fibrocartilage meniscus. It serves a protective role to vital thoracic structures and is an anterior stabilizing strut to the thorax, assisting the thoracic spine in upright stability. It is important to not ignore type I dislocations because posterior sternum displacement is a harbinger of injury to the pulmonary tree, heart, and esophagus. Chronic instability at this joint can lead to dyspnea and dysphasia due to sternum displacement. In the right scenario, type II injuries are occasionally treated conservatively with palliative treatment until the sternum heals with malformation. This article describes the case of a 20-year-old man who was treated surgically for symptomatic type II sternomanubrial dislocation with dual anterior locked plating. Locked plating gives the benefit of unicortical fixation, with the screws and plate acting as a unit to resist motion. Screw pullout and failure is less common, and the construct is more resistant for this application. The patient returned to full participation in activities of daily living and military duty 4 months postoperatively. C1 [Gaines, Robert J.; Wilson, Addison] USN, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Gaines, Robert J.] USN, Orthopaed Trauma Serv, Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Antevil, Jared] USN, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [DeMaio, Marlene] USN, Dept Orthopaed Res, Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Gaines, RJ (reprint author), USN, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, 23 Effingham St, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM orthogaines@hotmail.com NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0147-7447 J9 ORTHOPEDICS JI Orthopedics PD AUG PY 2012 VL 35 IS 8 BP E1276 EP E1278 DI 10.3928/01477447-20120725-34 PG 3 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 988UI UT WOS:000307515800024 PM 22868620 ER PT J AU Miller, NL Tvaryanas, AP Shattuck, LG AF Miller, Nita Lewis Tvaryanas, Anthony P. Shattuck, Lawrence G. TI Accommodating Adolescent Sleep-Wake Patterns: The Effects of Shifting the Timing of Sleep on Training Effectiveness SO SLEEP LA English DT Article DE Adolescent sleep patterns; learning and skill acquisition; timing of sleep; marksmanship; military training ID STATES-MILITARY-ACADEMY; CIRCADIAN PHASE; DEPRIVATION; PERFORMANCE; MOOD; EXERCISE; CONSOLIDATION; MARKSMANSHIP; HUMANS; MEMORY AB Study Objective: This study evaluated the effect of accommodating adolescent sleep-wake patterns by altering the timing of the major sleep period of US Army recruits. Design: The quasi-experimental study compared recruits assigned to one of two training companies: one with a customary sleep regimen (20:30 to 04:30) while the other employed a phase-delayed sleep regimen (23:00 to 07:00), the latter aligning better with biologically driven sleep-wake patterns of adolescents. Setting: The study was conducted during Basic Combat Training (BCT) at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri. Trainees: The study included 392 trainees: 209 received the intervention, while 183 composed the Comparison group. Measurements and Results: Demographic and psychophysiological measures were collected on all trainees. Weekly assessments of subjective fatigue and mood, periodic physical fitness, marksmanship scores, and attrition rates from BCT were studied. Actigraphy was collected on approximately 24% of trainees. Based on actigraphy, trainees on the phase-delayed sleep schedule obtained 31 m more sleep/night than trainees on the customary sleep schedule. The Intervention group reported less total mood disturbance relative to baseline. Improvements in marksmanship correlated positively with average nightly sleep during the preceding week when basic marksmanship skills were taught. No differences were seen in physical fitness or attrition rates. In contrast to the Intervention group, the Comparison group was 2.3 times more likely to experience occupationally significant fatigue and 5.5 times more likely to report poor sleep quality. Conclusions: Accommodating adolescent sleep patterns significantly improves mental health and performance in the training environment. C1 [Miller, Nita Lewis] USN, Dept Operat Res, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Miller, NL (reprint author), USN, Dept Operat Res, Postgrad Sch, 1411 Cunningham Dr, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM nlmiller@nps.edu NR 61 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 35 IS 8 BP 1123 EP 1136 DI 10.5665/sleep.2002 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 983CT UT WOS:000307094900014 PM 22851808 ER PT J AU Paticopoulos, SC Caballero-Flores, R Franco, V Blazquez, JS Conde, A Knipling, KE Willard, MA AF Paticopoulos, S. C. Caballero-Flores, R. Franco, V. Blazquez, J. S. Conde, A. Knipling, K. E. Willard, M. A. TI Enhancement of the magnetocaloric effect in composites: Experimental validation SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Composites; Disordered systems; Magnetocaloric effect; Phase transitions ID REFRIGERATION AB Recent calculations have shown that the refrigerant capacity (RC) of magnetic refrigerants can be enhanced using multiphase materials or composites, which expand the temperature range over which a significant magnetic entropy change can be obtained. This work is a systematic experimental validation of the improvement of RC (RCI) using layered composites comprised of two Fe88-2yCoyNiyZr7B4Cu1 amorphous alloy constituents, with y=8.25 and y=11 compositions. RCI has a nonmonotonic dependence on the applied magnetic field H and the fraction x of the two constituent phases. In contrast to common assumptions, the composite has a smaller RCI than its constituent phases for small values of H and x, and there are critical values of each for which RCI is maximized. This work demonstrates the outstanding agreement between the experimental results and the continuous curves predicted by numerical calculations, indicating that this approach can be used to design magnetic refrigerant materials with enhanced magnetocaloric response for moderate magnetic fields. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Paticopoulos, S. C.; Caballero-Flores, R.; Franco, V.; Blazquez, J. S.; Conde, A.] Univ Seville, CSIC, ICMSE, Dpto Fis Mat Condensada, E-41080 Seville, Spain. [Knipling, K. E.; Willard, M. A.] USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Franco, V (reprint author), Univ Seville, CSIC, ICMSE, Dpto Fis Mat Condensada, POB 1065, E-41080 Seville, Spain. EM vfranco@us.es RI Franco, Victorino/B-8982-2008; Conde, Alejandro/A-8115-2013; Willard, Matthew/A-8492-2009; Blazquez, Javier/C-7787-2011; IBIS, EVOLUCION/O-1921-2015 OI Franco, Victorino/0000-0003-3028-6815; Conde, Alejandro/0000-0002-1067-2754; Willard, Matthew/0000-0001-5052-8012; Blazquez, Javier/0000-0003-2318-5418; FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation; EU [MAT 2010-20537]; PAI of the Regional Government of Andalucia [P10-FQM-6462]; United States Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-1-0311, N0001410WX30490]; Regional Government of Andalucia FX This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and EU FEDER (Project MAT 2010-20537), the PAI of the Regional Government of Andalucia (Project P10-FQM-6462), and the United States Office of Naval Research (Projects N00014-11-1-0311 and N0001410WX30490). R.C.F. acknowledges a research fellowship from the Regional Government of Andalucia. NR 17 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 152 IS 16 BP 1590 EP 1594 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2012.05.015 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 982JQ UT WOS:000307039700019 ER PT J AU Ore, RMC Forshey, BM Huaman, A Villaran, MV Long, KC Kochel, TJ Guevara, C Montgomery, JM Alvarez, CA Vilcarromero, S Morrison, AC Halsey, ES AF Ore, Roger M. Castillo Forshey, Brett M. Huaman, Alfredo Villaran, Manuel V. Long, Kanya C. Kochel, Tadeusz J. Guevara, Carolina Montgomery, Joel M. Alvarez, Carlos A. Vilcarromero, Stalin Morrison, Amy C. Halsey, Eric S. TI Serologic Evidence for Human Hantavirus Infection in Peru SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE ELISA; Hantavirus; Peru; Serosurvey ID VENEZUELAN-EQUINE-ENCEPHALITIS; PULMONARY SYNDROME; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; LIKELY RESERVOIRS; ARGENTINA; VIRUS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; IQUITOS; BRAZIL; TRANSMISSION AB While human illness associated with hantavirus infection has been documented in many countries of South America, evidence for hantavirus transmission in Peru has been limited to the isolation of Rio Mamore virus from a pigmy mouse rat (Oligoryzomys microtis) in the Amazon city of Iquitos. To address the possibility of human hantavirus exposure in the region, we screened febrile patients reporting to health clinics in Iquitos from 2007 to 2010 for serological evidence of recent hantavirus infection. In addition, we conducted a serological survey for hantavirus-reactive IgG among healthy participants residing in Iquitos and rural areas surrounding the city. Through the febrile surveillance study, we identified 15 participants (0.3%; 15/5174) with IgM reactive to hantavirus (Andes virus) antigen, all with relatively mild, self-limited illness. From the cross-sectional serosurvey we found that 1.7% (36/2063) of residents of the Iquitos area had serum IgG reactive to one or more hantaviruses, with a higher prevalence in the urban population (2.2%, compared to 1.1% in rural areas). These results suggest that human infection with hantavirus has occurred in Peru. C1 [Ore, Roger M. Castillo; Forshey, Brett M.; Huaman, Alfredo; Villaran, Manuel V.; Long, Kanya C.; Kochel, Tadeusz J.; Guevara, Carolina; Montgomery, Joel M.; Vilcarromero, Stalin; Morrison, Amy C.; Halsey, Eric S.] USN, Med Res Unit 6, Lima, Peru. [Long, Kanya C.; Morrison, Amy C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Alvarez, Carlos A.] Direcc Reg Salud Loreto, Iquitos, Loreto, Peru. RP Halsey, ES (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit 6, 3230 Lima Pl, Washington, DC 20521 USA. EM eric.halsey@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI Vilcarromero, Stalin/0000-0002-9097-0638 FU Global Emerging Infections Surveillance System (GEIS) FX This work was supported by funds from the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance System (GEIS), work unit number 800000.82000.25GB.B0016. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 12 IS 8 BP 683 EP 689 DI 10.1089/vbz.2011.0820 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 988UH UT WOS:000307515700009 ER PT J AU Sampson, CR Schumacher, AB Knaff, JA DeMaria, M Fukada, EM Sisk, CA Roberts, DP Winters, KA Wilson, HM AF Sampson, Charles R. Schumacher, Andrea B. Knaff, John A. DeMaria, Mark Fukada, Edward M. Sisk, Chris A. Roberts, David P. Winters, Katherine A. Wilson, Harold M. TI Objective Guidance for Use in Setting Tropical Cyclone Conditions of Readiness SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID WIND; FORECASTS AB The Department of Defense uses a Tropical Cyclone Conditions of Readiness (TC-CORs) system to prepare bases and evacuate assets and personnel in advance of adverse weather associated with tropical cyclones (TCs). TC-CORs are recommended by weather facilities either on base or at central sites and generally are related to the timing and potential for destructive (50 kt; 1 kt approximate to 0.5144 m s(-1)) sustained winds. Recommendations are then considered by base or area commanders along with other factors for setting the TC-CORs. Ideally, the TC-CORs are set sequentially, from TC-COR IV (destructive winds within 72 h), through TC-COR III (destructive winds within 48 h) and TC-COR II (destructive winds within 24 h), and finally to TC-COR I (destructive winds within 12 h), if needed. Each TC-COR, once set, initiates a series of preparations and actions. Preparations for TC-COR IV can be as unobtrusive as obtaining emergency supplies, while preparations and actions leading up to TC-COR I are generally far more costly, intrusive, and labor-intensive activities. The purpose of this paper is to describe an objective aid that provides TC-COR guidance for meteorologists to use when making recommendations to base commanders. The TC-COR guidance is based on wind probability thresholds from an operational wind probability product run at the U.S. tropical cyclone forecast centers. An analysis on 113 independent cases from various bases shows the skill of the objective aid and how well it compares with the operational TC-CORs. A sensitivity analysis is also performed to demonstrate some of the advantages and pitfalls of raising or lowering the wind probability thresholds used by this objective aid. C1 [Sampson, Charles R.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Schumacher, Andrea B.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Knaff, John A.; DeMaria, Mark] NOAA, NESDIS, Reg & Mesoscale Meteorol Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Fukada, Edward M.] Joint Typhoon Warning Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. [Sisk, Chris A.; Roberts, David P.] Natl Hurricane Ctr, Miami, FL USA. [Winters, Katherine A.] Patrick AFB, Melbourne, FL USA. [Wilson, Harold M.] Fleet Weather Ctr, Norfolk, VA USA. RP Sampson, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM buck.sampson@nrlmry.navy.mil RI DeMaria, Mark/F-5583-2010; Knaff, John /F-5599-2010 OI Knaff, John /0000-0003-0427-1409 FU Commander Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command FX The authors would like to acknowledge Ann Schrader for her work with the ATCF. The authors also wish to acknowledge John Cook, Jim Hansen, Simon Chang, Chris Landsea, Scott Stripling, and two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions. The authors acknowledge the many people (John Okon, Jonathan Leffler, Chris Bridgham, Will Girdler, Brian McDonald, Mike McAleenan, and others) at operational military bases who supplied information for this study, including Andersen AB, Kadena AB, Yokota AB, FWC Norfolk, Yokosuka Naval Station, and Patrick AB. The authors also would like to thank Stars and Stripes magazine for their diligent efforts in logging Okinawa tropical cyclone passages and the Weather Underground (www.wunderground.com) for their extensive archive of weather observations. The authors thank the Commander Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command for funding this project, and for their patience while awaiting the evaluation results. The views, opinions, and findings contained in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed as an official National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or U.S. government position, policy, or decision. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 27 IS 4 BP 1052 EP 1060 DI 10.1175/WAF-D-12-00008.1 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 988LT UT WOS:000307493200015 ER PT J AU Paepolshiri, N Pace, PE Jenn, DC AF Paepolshiri, N. Pace, P. E. Jenn, D. C. TI Extending the unambiguous range of polyphase P4 CW radar using the robust symmetrical number system SO IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION LA English DT Article AB Polyphase continuous waveform radar systems often use polyphase P4 modulation because of the periodic autocorrelation zero sidelobes and good Doppler tolerance. The P4's unambiguous detection range is equal to the number of subcodes within a code period. To extend the unambiguous detection range beyond a single-code period, this study develops a novel relationship between the polyphase P4 code and the robust symmetrical number system (RSNS) where the P4 phase values within the code period match the symmetrical residues within an RSNS sequence. By transmitting N >= 2 coprime P4 code periods, the unambiguous range is extended by considering the paired values from each sequence. With this new approach, the unambiguous range is extended to the greatest length of combined coprime phase sequences that contain no repeated paired terms. The flexibility of the RSNS allows the unambiguous range to be extended using a fewer number of subcodes within each code period. The combined phase sequences also have an inherent integer Gray code property to control range detection errors. Examples are shown to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach and to compare the unambiguous detection range to that of a single P4 code period. C1 [Paepolshiri, N.; Pace, P. E.; Jenn, D. C.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Paepolshiri, N (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Spanagal Hall, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pepace@nps.edu FU Naval Postgraduate School Center for Joint Services Electronic Warfare FX This work was supported by the Naval Postgraduate School Center for Joint Services Electronic Warfare. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 1751-8784 J9 IET RADAR SONAR NAV JI IET Radar Sonar Navig. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 6 IS 7 BP 659 EP 667 DI 10.1049/iet-rsn.2011.0349 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 978PT UT WOS:000306758000010 ER PT J AU Bell, MM Montgomery, MT Lee, WC AF Bell, Michael M. Montgomery, Michael T. Lee, Wen-Chau TI An Axisymmetric View of Concentric Eyewall Evolution in Hurricane Rita (2005) SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SIMULATED TROPICAL CYCLONE; VORTEX ROSSBY-WAVES; INNER-CORE; PART II; SECONDARY EYEWALL; BOUNDARY-LAYER; KINETIC-ENERGY; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; KINEMATIC STRUCTURE; GPS DROPWINDSONDE AB Multiplatform observations of Hurricane Rita (2005) were collected as part of the Hurricane Rainband and Intensity Change Experiment (RAINEX) field campaign during a concentric eyewall stage of the storm's life cycle that occurred during 21-22 September. Satellite, aircraft, dropwindsonde, and Doppler radar data are used here to examine the symmetric evolution of the hurricane as it underwent eyewall replacement. During the approximately 1-day observation period, developing convection associated with the secondary eyewall became more symmetric and contracted inward. Latent heating in the emergent secondary eyewall led to the development of a distinct toroidal (overturning) circulation with inertially constrained radial inflow above the boundary layer and compensating subsidence in the moat region, properties that are consistent broadly with the balanced vortex response to an imposed ring of diabatic heating outside the primary eyewall. The primary eyewall's convection became more asymmetric during the observation period, but the primary eyewall was still the dominant swirling wind and vorticity structure throughout the period. The observed structure and evolution of Rita's secondary eyewall suggest that spinup of the tangential winds occurred both within and above the boundary layer, and that both balanced and unbalanced dynamical processes played an important role. Although Rita's core intensity decreased during the observation period, the observations indicate a 125% increase in areal extent of hurricane-force winds and a 19% increase in integrated kinetic energy resulting from the eyewall replacement. C1 [Bell, Michael M.; Montgomery, Michael T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Bell, Michael M.; Lee, Wen-Chau] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Montgomery, Michael T.] NOAA AOML Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL USA. RP Bell, MM (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. EM mmbell@nps.edu RI Bell, Michael/B-1144-2009 OI Bell, Michael/0000-0002-0496-331X FU National Science Foundation; NCAR-EOL; U.S. Office of Naval Research, NOAA's Hurricane Research Division [N00014-03-1-0185]; National Science Foundation NSF [AGS-0733380, AGS-07154215] FX The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation.; The authors would like to acknowledge the National Science Foundation for supporting the RAINEX experiment and National Center for Atmospheric Research, and the many participants who made the project a success. We would like to specifically thank Robert Houze and Bradley Smull for their expertise in the field and helpful comments during the early phase of this research; Kristen Corbosiero for providing the vertical shear calculations; Anthony Didlake for providing the gradient balance residuals; and Sergio Abarca, Michael Riemer, Yuqing Wang, and two anonymous reviewers for their comments on the manuscript. MMB and WCL were supported by NCAR-EOL, which is supported by the National Science Foundation. MTM acknowledges the support of Grant N00014-03-1-0185 from the U.S. Office of Naval Research, NOAA's Hurricane Research Division, and the National Science Foundation NSF AGS-0733380 and AGS-07154215. NR 83 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 69 IS 8 BP 2414 EP 2432 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-11-0167.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 983XB UT WOS:000307150900006 ER PT J AU Krishnamurti, TN Simon, A Thomas, A Mishra, A Sikka, D Niyogi, D Chakraborty, A Li, L AF Krishnamurti, T. N. Simon, Anu Thomas, Aype Mishra, Akhilesh Sikka, Dev Niyogi, Dev Chakraborty, Arindam Li, Li TI Modeling of Forecast Sensitivity on the March of Monsoon Isochrones from Kerala to New Delhi: The First 25 Days SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ANALYSIS SYSTEM; PRECIPITATION; CONVECTION; SCHEMES AB This study addresses observational and modeling sensitivity on the march of the onset isochrones of the Indian summer monsoon. The first 25 days of the passage of the isochrones of monsoon onset is of great scientific interest. Surface and satellite-based datasets are used for high-resolution modeling of the impact of the motion of the onset isochrones from Kerala to New Delhi. These include the asymmetries across the isochrone such as soil moisture and its temporal variability, moistening of the dry soil to the immediate north of the isochrone by nonconvective anvil rains, and formation of newly forming cloud elements to the immediate north of the isochrone. The region immediately north of the isochrone is shown to carry a spread of buoyancy elements. As these new elements grow, they are continually being steered by the divergent circulations of the parent isochrone to the north and eventually to the northwest. CloudSat was extremely useful for identifying the asymmetric cloud structures across the isochrone. In the modeling sensitivity studies, the authors used a mesoscale Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting Model (ARW-WRF) to examine days 1-25 of forecasts of the onset isochrone. Prediction experiments were first modeled during normal, dry, and wet Indian monsoons using default values of model parameters. This study was extended to determine the effects of changes in soil moisture and nonconvective rain parameterizations (the parameters suggested by the satellite observations). These sensitivity experiments show that the motion of the isochrones from Kerala to New Delhi are very sensitive to the parameterization of soil moisture and nonconvective anvil rains immediately north of the isochrone. C1 [Krishnamurti, T. N.; Simon, Anu; Thomas, Aype; Mishra, Akhilesh] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Niyogi, Dev] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Chakraborty, Arindam] IISC, Ctr Atmosphere, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. [Li, Li] NRL, Washington, DC USA. RP Krishnamurti, TN (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM tkrishnamurti@fsu.edu RI Chakraborty, Arindam/M-9044-2014 OI Chakraborty, Arindam/0000-0002-4288-0216 FU NASA Grant [NNH09ZDA001N-PRECIP]; NSF CAREER [ATM-0847472] FX We wish to acknowledge the NASA Grant NNH09ZDA001N-PRECIP. DN gratefully acknowledges support from NSF CAREER ATM-0847472. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 69 IS 8 BP 2465 EP 2487 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-11-0170.1 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 983XB UT WOS:000307150900009 ER PT J AU Tumialan, LM Ponton, RP Riccio, AI Gluf, WM AF Tumialan, Luis M. Ponton, Ryan P. Riccio, Anthony I. Gluf, Wayne M. TI Rate of Return to Military Active Duty After Single Level Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A 5-Year Retrospective Review SO NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Review DE Active duty military; Anterior; Lumbar interbody fusion; Outcomes; Posterior; Transforaminal ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; DEGENERATIVE DISC DISEASE; OUTCOMES RESEARCH TRIAL; NONSURGICAL TREATMENT; SPONDYLOLISTHESIS; SPINE; PREDICTOR; RESTORATION; FIXATION; LORDOSIS AB BACKGROUND: Lumbar interbody fusion has been extensively studied in the civilian population; however, data regarding its efficacy in the military are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To identify the rate of return to unrestricted active military duty after single-level lumbar interbody fusion surgery. METHODS: The surgical database at a single tertiary care military treatment facility was queried for active-duty patients who underwent a single-level lumbar interbody fusion over a 5-year period. A retrospective chart review was performed with backward stepwise logistic regression analysis, and Fisher exact and Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 102 patients met the inclusion criteria. Mean age at surgery was 34.0 years (range, 19-51 years). Most surgeries (59%) were performed for discogenic pain secondary to degenerative disc disease; the remaining patients underwent surgery for spondylolisthesis (39%) or spinal stenosis (2%). Thirty-nine patients (38%) were treated via an anterior approach (anterior lumbar interbody fusion), whereas 63 patients (62%) underwent fusion via a posterior approach (transforaminal or posterior lumbar interbody fusion). Fifty-six patients (55%) were able to return to unrestricted full active duty, and the remaining 46 patients (45%) were separated from the military. The return to active duty rate was significantly higher in older patients and those ranking E7 (Chief Petty Officer) and above (84.8%). CONCLUSION: Fifty-five percent of the service members who underwent a single-level lumbar interbody fusion returned to unrestricted full duty. Older age and higher rank were statistically significant positive predictors of a successful return to active duty. C1 [Tumialan, Luis M.] St Josephs Hosp, Div Neurol Surg, Barrow Neurol Inst, Phoenix, AZ 85013 USA. [Tumialan, Luis M.; Ponton, Ryan P.; Gluf, Wayne M.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Ponton, Ryan P.; Riccio, Anthony I.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Riccio, Anthony I.] Texas Scottish Rite Hosp Children, Dept Orthopaed, Dallas, TX 75219 USA. [Gluf, Wayne M.] Trinity Mother Frances Hosp & Clin, Dept Neurosurg, Tyler, TX USA. RP Tumialan, LM (reprint author), St Josephs Hosp, Div Neurol Surg, Barrow Neurol Inst, 350 W Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85013 USA. EM luis.tumialan@bnaneuro.net NR 31 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-396X J9 NEUROSURGERY JI Neurosurgery PD AUG PY 2012 VL 71 IS 2 BP 317 EP 324 DI 10.1227/NEU.0b013e318258e1da PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 983HB UT WOS:000307109301020 PM 22811082 ER PT J AU Ross, LF Parker, W Veatch, RM Gentry, SE Thistlethwaite, JR AF Ross, L. F. Parker, W. Veatch, R. M. Gentry, S. E. Thistlethwaite, J. R., Jr. TI Equal Opportunity Supplemented by Fair Innings: Equity and Efficiency in Allocating Deceased Donor Kidneys SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE Age-matching; efficiency; equal opportunity; equity; ethics; fair innings; kidney transplantation; lifespan equity; organ allocation; public policy; utility ID RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; RACIAL DISPARITIES; UTILITY; RISK AB For 7 years, the Kidney Transplantation Committee of the United Network for Organ Sharing/Organ Procurement Transplantation Network has attempted to revise the kidney allocation algorithm for adults (=18 years) in end-stage renal disease awaiting deceased donor kidney transplants. Changes to the kidney allocation system must conform to the 1984 National Organ Transplant Act (NOTA) which clearly states that allocation must take into account both efficiency (graft and person survival) and equity (fair distribution). In this article, we evaluate three allocation models: the current system, age-matching and a two-step model that we call Equal Opportunity Supplemented by Fair Innings (EOFI). We discuss the different conceptions of efficiency and equity employed by each model and evaluate whether EOFI could actually achieve the NOTA criteria of balancing equity and efficiency given current conditions of growing scarcity and donor-candidate age mismatch. C1 [Ross, L. F.] Univ Chicago, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Ross, L. F.] Univ Chicago, MacLean Ctr Clin Med Eth, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Parker, W.] Univ Chicago, Pritzker Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Veatch, R. M.] Georgetown Univ, Kennedy Inst Eth, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Gentry, S. E.] USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Gentry, S. E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Ross, L. F.; Thistlethwaite, J. R., Jr.] Univ Chicago, Dept Surg, Sect Transplantat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Ross, LF (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM lross@uchicago.edu NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 12 IS 8 BP 2115 EP 2124 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04141.x PG 10 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 980OT UT WOS:000306903400021 PM 22703559 ER PT J AU Adams, JT Gray, DJ Rayner, S AF Adams, James T. Gray, Deric J. Rayner, Simon TI Observation of non-principal plane neutral points in the upwelling polarized light field above a water surface SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERE AB Using a digital camera and linearly polarizing film, we have developed a method for observing neutral point locations in the natural light field of the atmosphere. Utilizing this method, we have observed neutral points in the upwelling light field above a water surface. We report the location of these neutral points and compare them to Monte Carlo simulations. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Adams, James T.] ISPA Technol, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. [Gray, Deric J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rayner, Simon] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Virol, Wuhan Inst Virol, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, Peoples R China. RP Adams, JT (reprint author), ISPA Technol, 5901 Kingstowne Village Pkwy, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. EM james_t_adams@hotmail.com OI rayner, simon/0000-0001-8703-9140 NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 22 BP 5387 EP 5391 DI 10.1364/AO.51.005387 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 984AU UT WOS:000307160600005 PM 22859026 ER PT J AU Sutto, TE Duncan, TT AF Sutto, Thomas E. Duncan, Teresa T. TI The use of a long chain ionic liquid in an LiMn2O4 based lithium ion cell SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Ionic liquid; Lithium; Lithium manganese oxide ID PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES AB A long chain substituted imidazolium ionic liquid, 1,2-dimethyl-3-octylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (MMOITFSI), is used as the electrolyte for reversible intercalation of Li into LiMn2O4. Ionic conductivity measurements indicate that in spite of the longer chain attached to the imidazolium ring, the conductivity for the pure liquid and with 0.5 M LiTFSI present, remains above 1 mS/cm. Cyclic voltammetry revealed high reversibility of Li+ into LiMn2O4 in this ionic liquid. Charge/discharge experiments indicated reversible capacity of 115 mAHr/g at a discharge rate of C/6 for 0.5 M Li in MMOITFSI. Higher discharge rates (C/3) resulted in lower capacities (below 100 mAHr/g), most likely due to the higher viscosity of the long chain ionic liquid. Improved discharge rates, of 111 mAHr/g at a higher discharge rate of C/3, were observed when 10 wt% of a short chain ionic liquid, 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (MMPITFSI), was added to the MMOITFSI. For both the pure MMOITFSI and the ionic liquid blend of MMOITFSI with MMPITFSI, cycle lifetimes showed minimal degradation due to intercalation by the imidazolium cation into the graphite used to enhance the conductivity of the cathode material. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sutto, Thomas E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Duncan, Teresa T.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Sutto, TE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6364,Bldg 3,Rm 225,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM thomas.sutto@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 76 BP 179 EP 184 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.04.096 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 976XR UT WOS:000306621200024 ER PT J AU Duplessis, CA You, D Johnson, M Speziale, A AF Duplessis, C. A. You, D. Johnson, M. Speziale, A. TI Efficacious outcome employing fecal bacteriotherapy in severe Crohn's colitis complicated by refractory Clostridium difficile infection SO INFECTION LA English DT Letter ID ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; FLORA; MICROBIOME; TRANSPLANT; DIARRHEA; DISEASE C1 [Duplessis, C. A.; You, D.; Johnson, M.; Speziale, A.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Duplessis, CA (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM christopher.duplessis@med.navy.mil NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0300-8126 J9 INFECTION JI Infection PD AUG PY 2012 VL 40 IS 4 BP 469 EP 472 DI 10.1007/s15010-011-0226-1 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 985ON UT WOS:000307276300018 PM 22161290 ER PT J AU Gombos, D Hoffman, RN Hansen, JA AF Gombos, Daniel Hoffman, Ross N. Hansen, James A. TI Ensemble Statistics for Diagnosing Dynamics: Tropical Cyclone Track Forecast Sensitivities Revealed by Ensemble Regression SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID CANONICAL CORRELATION; DATA ASSIMILATION; KALMAN FILTER; PREDICTABILITY; CYCLOGENESIS; PREDICTION; SYSTEM AB Ensemble regression (ER) is a simple linear inverse technique that uses correlations from ensemble model output to make inferences about dynamics, models, and forecasts. ER defines a multivariate regression operator in the principal component subspaces of ensemble forecasts and analyses of atmospheric fields. ER uses the ensemble members of a predictor and a predictand field as training samples to compute the ensemble anomaly (with respect to the ensemble mean of the predictand field) with which a dynamically relevant ensemble anomaly (with respect to the ensemble mean of the predictor field) is linearly related. Specifically, an ER operator defined by the Japan Meteorological Agency's ensemble forecast 500-hPa geopotential height and 1000-hPa potential vorticity is used to show that Supertyphoon Sepat's (2007) track strongly covaried with the position and strength of the antecedent steering subtropical high to its northeast and the trough to its northwest. The case study illustrates how ER can identify, in real time, the dynamical processes that are particularly relevant for operational forecasters to make specific forecasting decisions and can help researchers to infer physical relationships from multivariate statistical sensitivities. C1 [Gombos, Daniel; Hoffman, Ross N.] Atmospher & Environm Res, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. [Hansen, James A.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Gombos, D (reprint author), Atmospher & Environm Res, 131 Hartwell Ave, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. EM dgombos@aer.com FU National Science Foundation [0838196] FX This work is based upon a portion of the first author's Ph.D. dissertation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The authors thank Dr. Jason Sippel (NASA GSFC), Dr. Brian Tang (National Center for Atmospheric Research), Prof. Kerry Emanuel (MIT), Dr. Cecile Penland (NOAA/Earth Systems Research Laboratory), and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions. The authors gratefully acknowledge funding provided by National Science Foundation Grant 0838196. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 140 IS 8 BP 2647 EP 2669 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-11-00002.1 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 982ZX UT WOS:000307086800014 ER PT J AU Taira, T Sanghera, J AF Taira, Takunori Sanghera, Jas TI Feature issue introduction: advances in optical materials SO OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID LASER AB This feature offers papers from the OSA topical meeting, ADVANCES IN OPTICAL MATERIALS (AIOM 2012), held February 1-3, 2012, at the Rancho Bernardo Inn, San Diego, California, USA, and encompasses advances in optics, materials science, condensed matter, as well as physics and chemistry relevant to the development of new optical materials. Topics covered include material technologies in the field of crystals, glasses, and ceramics in the form of bulk and microstructured materials, such as composites, planar integrated waveguides and optical fibers, and characterizations and applications of these materials for passive optics, for lasers and nonlinear conversion devices for many applications. The AIOM featured approximately 42 presentations of which 10 were invited presentations. The next topical meeting of AIOM 2013 will be held in the autumn of 2013 in Paris, France, in conjunction with Advanced Solid State Photonics (ASSP). (C)2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Taira, Takunori] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Inst Mol Sci, Laser Res Ctr Mol Sci, Okazaki, Aichi 4448585, Japan. [Sanghera, Jas] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Taira, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Nat Sci, Inst Mol Sci, Laser Res Ctr Mol Sci, 38 Nishigonaka, Okazaki, Aichi 4448585, Japan. EM taira@ims.ac.jp RI Taira, Takunori/H-5313-2012 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 18 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2159-3930 J9 OPT MATER EXPRESS JI Opt. Mater. Express PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 2 IS 8 BP 1171 EP 1175 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA 983KG UT WOS:000307117600022 ER PT J AU El-Kholy, A Saied, T Gaber, M Younan, MA Haleim, MMA El-Sayed, H El-Karaksy, H Bazara'a, H Talaat, M AF El-Kholy, Amani Saied, Tamer Gaber, Mervat Younan, Mariam A. Haleim, Mona M. A. El-Sayed, Hanan El-Karaksy, Hanaa'a Bazara'a, Hafez Talaat, Maha TI Device-associated nosocomial infection rates in intensive care units at Cairo University hospitals: First step toward initiating surveillance programs in a resource-limited country SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Ventilator-associated pneumonia; Central line-associated bloodstream infection; Catheter-associated urinary tract infection ID CONTROL-CONSORTIUM INICC; NETWORK NHSN REPORT; MORTALITY; STATES; NNIS AB Background: Device associated infections (DAIs) have major impact on patient morbidity and mortality. Methods: This study involved active prospective surveillance to measure the incidence of DAIs, evaluate microbiological profiles, and investigate excessive mortality in intensive care units (ICUs) in 3 hospitals of Cairo University applying the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Healthcare Safety Network case definitions for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), and central-line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). Data were collected between March 2009 and May 2010. Results: A total of 1,101 patients were hospitalized for a total of 10,869 days, had 4,734 device-days, and acquired 97 DAIs, with an overall rate of 20.5/1,000 ICU days. VAP was the most commonly identified infection (88.7%); followed by CLABSI (8.2%) and CAUTI (3.1%). Excess mortality was 48% (relative risk, 1.9; P<.001) for CAUTI, 12.9% (relative risk, 1.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-1.4; P<.05) for VAP, and 45.7% for CLABSI. Acinetobacter baumannii was the most frequently isolated pathogen (36.1%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (29.2%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.2%). High antimicrobial resistance was identified, with 85% of A baumannii isolates resistant to ciprofloxacin and imipenem, 76% of K pneumoniae isolates were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producers, and 56.3% P aeruginosa isolates resistant to imipenem (56.3%). Conclusion: High rates of DAI and antimicrobial resistance require strengthening infection control, instituting surveillance systems, and implementing evidence-based preventive strategies. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc C1 [Saied, Tamer; Talaat, Maha] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Infect Control Unit, Global Dis Detect & Response Program, Cairo, Egypt. [El-Kholy, Amani; Gaber, Mervat; Younan, Mariam A.; Haleim, Mona M. A.; El-Sayed, Hanan; El-Karaksy, Hanaa'a; Bazara'a, Hafez] Cairo Univ, Fac Med, Infect Control Unit, Dept Clin Pathol, Cairo, Egypt. [El-Kholy, Amani; Gaber, Mervat; Younan, Mariam A.; Haleim, Mona M. A.; El-Sayed, Hanan; El-Karaksy, Hanaa'a; Bazara'a, Hafez] Cairo Univ, Fac Med, Infect Control Unit, Dept Pediat, Cairo, Egypt. EM maha.talaat.ctr.eg@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU Global Emerging Infections Surveillance Program, Work Unit [847705.82000.25GB.E0018] FX Supported by the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance Program, Work Unit 847705.82000.25GB.E0018. The study protocol was approved by the NAMRU-3 Institutional Review Board in compliance with all federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the US Government. Drs. Tamer Saied and Maha Talaat are employees of the US Government. This work was prepared as part of their official duties. Title 17 USC 105 provides that "copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government." Title 17 USC 101 defines US Government work as work prepared by a military service member or employee of the US Government as part of that person's official duties. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD AUG PY 2012 VL 40 IS 6 BP E216 EP E220 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.12.010 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 981SV UT WOS:000306991800002 PM 22418610 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Baldini, L Barbiellini, G Baring, MG Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bottacini, E Bouvier, A Brigida, M Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Palma, F Dermer, CD Silva, EDE Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Favuzzi, C Fukazawa, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Granot, J Grenier, IA Grove, JE Hadasch, D Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hays, E Horan, D Johannesson, G Kataoka, J Knodlseder, J Kocevski, D Kuss, M Lande, J Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Mazziotta, MN McEnery, J McGlynn, S Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Monzani, ME Moretti, E Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Naumann-Godo, M Norris, JP Nuss, E Nymark, T Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Racusin, JL Raino, S Rando, R Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Ritz, S Ryde, F Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Sonbas, E Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stamatikos, M Stawarz, E Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Tosti, G Uehara, T Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Connaughton, V Briggs, MS Guirec, S Goldstein, A Burgess, JM Bhat, PN Bissaldi, E Camero-Arranz, A Fishman, J Fitzpatrick, G Foley, S Gruber, D Jenke, P Kippen, RM Kouveliotou, C McBreen, S Meegan, C Paciesas, WS Preece, R Rau, A Tierney, D van der Horst, AJ von Kienlin, A Wilson-Hodge, C Xiong, S AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. G. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bottacini, E. Bouvier, A. Brigida, M. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Favuzzi, C. Fukazawa, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Granot, J. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Hadasch, D. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hays, E. Horan, D. Johannesson, G. Kataoka, J. Knoedlseder, J. Kocevski, D. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. McGlynn, S. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Monzani, M. E. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Naumann-Godo, M. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Nymark, T. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Racusin, J. L. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Ritz, S. Ryde, F. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Sonbas, E. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stamatikos, M. Stawarz, Eukasz Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Tosti, G. Uehara, T. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Connaughton, V. Briggs, M. S. Guirec, S. Goldstein, A. Burgess, J. M. Bhat, P. N. Bissaldi, E. Camero-Arranz, A. Fishman, J. Fitzpatrick, G. Foley, S. Gruber, D. Jenke, P. Kippen, R. M. Kouveliotou, C. McBreen, S. Meegan, C. Paciesas, W. S. Preece, R. Rau, A. Tierney, D. van der Horst, A. J. von Kienlin, A. Wilson-Hodge, C. Xiong, S. CA Fermi Large Area Telescope Team Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor Team TI CONSTRAINING THE HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION FROM GAMMA-RAY BURSTS WITH FERMI SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray burst: general; gamma rays: general ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; SPECTRAL COMPONENT; BATSE OBSERVATIONS; LORENTZ FACTORS; GRB 100724B; CATALOG; LIMITS; HARD; SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTONS AB We examine 288 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope's Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) that fell within the field of view of Fermi's Large Area Telescope (LAT) during the first 2.5 years of observations, which showed no evidence for emission above 100 MeV. We report the photon flux upper limits in the 0.1-10 GeV range during the prompt emission phase as well as for fixed 30 s and 100 s integrations starting from the trigger time for each burst. We compare these limits with the fluxes that would be expected from extrapolations of spectral fits presented in the first GBM spectral catalog and infer that roughly half of the GBM-detected bursts either require spectral breaks between the GBM and LAT energy bands or have intrinsically steeper spectra above the peak of the nu F-nu spectra (E-pk). In order to distinguish between these two scenarios, we perform joint GBM and LAT spectral fits to the 30 brightest GBM-detected bursts and find that a majority of these bursts are indeed softer above E-pk than would be inferred from fitting the GBM data alone. Approximately 20% of this spectroscopic subsample show statistically significant evidence for a cutoff in their high-energy spectra, which if assumed to be due to gamma gamma attenuation, places limits on the maximum Lorentz factor associated with the relativistic outflow producing this emission. All of these latter bursts have maximum Lorentz factor estimates that are well below the minimum Lorentz factors calculated for LAT-detected GRBs, revealing a wide distribution in the bulk Lorentz factor of GRB outflows and indicating that LAT-detected bursts may represent the high end of this distribution. C1 [Ackermann, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bottacini, E.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Glanzman, T.; Kocevski, D.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bottacini, E.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Glanzman, T.; Kocevski, D.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bouvier, A.; Ritz, S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Bouvier, A.; Ritz, S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Buson, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Buson, S.; Pivato, G.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEE CSIC, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Chekhtman, A.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Universe & Particules Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Chekhtman, A.; D'Ammando, F.] IASF Palermo, I-90146 Palermo, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale Fis & Cosm, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Lovellette, M. N.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Uehara, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J.; Racusin, J. L.; Sonbas, E.; Stamatikos, M.; Guirec, S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Granot, J.] Open Univ Israel, Dept Nat Sci, IL-43537 Raanana, Israel. [Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.] IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, GAHEC, UPS OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France. [McGlynn, S.] Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Moretti, E.; Nymark, T.; Ryde, F.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Moretti, E.; Nymark, T.; Ryde, F.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Okumura, A.; Stawarz, Eukasz] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Orlando, E.; Foley, S.; Gruber, D.; McBreen, S.; Rau, A.; von Kienlin, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Parent, D.; Razzaque, S.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Bouvier, A.; Pelassa, V.; Connaughton, V.; Briggs, M. S.; Goldstein, A.; Burgess, J. M.; Bhat, P. N.; Fishman, J.; Paciesas, W. S.; Preece, R.; Xiong, S.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Bissaldi, E.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Bissaldi, E.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Sonbas, E.] Adiyaman Univ, Dept Phys, TR-02040 Adiyaman, Turkey. [Sonbas, E.; Camero-Arranz, A.; Meegan, C.] USRA, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Stamatikos, M.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Stawarz, Eukasz] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Camero-Arranz, A.; Jenke, P.; Kouveliotou, C.; van der Horst, A. J.; Wilson-Hodge, C.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Fitzpatrick, G.; Foley, S.; McBreen, S.; Tierney, D.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Kippen, R. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Connaughton, V.; Briggs, M. S.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. RP Ackermann, M (reprint author), Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. EM valerie@nasa.gov; jchiang@slac.stanford.edu; kocevski@slac.stanford.edu; moretti@particle.kth.se; connauv@uah.edu; michael.briggs@nasa.gov RI Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Racusin, Judith/D-2935-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013 OI Moretti, Elena/0000-0001-5477-9097; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Preece, Robert/0000-0003-1626-7335; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Burgess, James/0000-0003-3345-9515; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; McBreen, Sheila/0000-0002-1477-618X; Mazziotta, Mario Nicola/0000-0001-9325-4672; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; FU Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France FX Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. NR 43 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 13 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 754 IS 2 AR 121 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/754/2/121 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 977MO UT WOS:000306666700042 ER PT J AU Doschek, GA AF Doschek, G. A. TI THE DYNAMICS AND HEATING OF ACTIVE REGION LOOPS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: activity; Sun: atmosphere; Sun: corona; Sun: UV radiation ID ULTRAVIOLET IMAGING SPECTROMETER; HELIOSPHERIC MAGNETIC-FIELDS; SOLAR CORONA; SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS; NONTHERMAL VELOCITIES; DENSITY-MEASUREMENTS; EMISSION MEASURE; HINODE; OUTFLOWS; CHROMOSPHERE AB I examine the dynamics of active regions using spectra obtained by the Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on the Hinode spacecraft. I show the relationship between non-thermal velocities, Doppler outflows and downflows, intensities, and electron density for two representative active regions out of a group of 18 active regions examined. Results from the other active regions are summarized. Imaging spectra of these active regions were obtained from a number of different EIS raster observations. In the case of the outflows for the two representative regions, two-Gaussian fits were made to line profiles of Fe xII and Fe xIII to obtain quantitative information on high-speed components of the outflows. A three-Gaussian fit was made for the Fe xII line at lambda 195.119. The highest speed outflows occur in weak regions adjacent to the bright loops in active regions. They are weak (less than 5% of the intensity of the main spectral component in the brightest parts of active regions) and even in the extensive flow regions they are generally less than 25% of the intensity of the main component. The outflow regions are characterized by long or open magnetic field lines and I suggest that the apparent absence of these higher speed outflows in bright regions is due to abundant stationary plasma in the closed bright loop regions that mask or overwhelm the outflow signal. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Doschek, GA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM george.doschek@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA; ONR/NRL 6.1 basic research funds FX The author acknowledges support from the NASA Hinode program and from ONR/NRL 6.1 basic research funds. I thank Dr. Peter Young for developing the Gaussian fitting routine and Dr. Harry Warren for much useful software and scientific discussions. NR 44 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 754 IS 2 AR 153 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/754/2/153 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 977MO UT WOS:000306666700074 ER PT J AU Streltsov, AV Woodroffe, JR Huba, JD AF Streltsov, A. V. Woodroffe, J. R. Huba, J. D. TI Propagation of whistler mode waves through the ionosphere SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RADIATION BELT ELECTRONS; TRIGGERED VLF EMISSIONS; INHOMOGENEOUS-PLASMA; RADIO-WAVES; DUCTS; GENERATION; OSCILLATOR; ANTARCTICA; PACKET AB We present results from numerical studies of whistler mode wave propagation in the Earth's ionosphere when artificially created plasma ducts are present. Using realistic density profiles from the SAMI2 ionospheric code, we solve the two-dimensional electron magnetohydrodynamics equations to study the trans-ionospheric propagation of artificially generated whistler waves at HAARP latitudes (L = 4.9). Both ducted and non-ducted propagation is considered, but only ducted whistlers are able to propagate without a significant reduction in wave amplitude. The conditions necessary for the trapping of waves in both high-and low-density ducts are discussed with particular attention paid to the practical accessibility of these parameter regimes. C1 [Streltsov, A. V.; Woodroffe, J. R.] Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Daytona Beach, FL 32128 USA. [Huba, J. D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Streltsov, AV (reprint author), Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Daytona Beach, FL 32128 USA. EM streltsa@erau.edu OI Woodroffe, Jesse/0000-0002-2149-7883 FU NSF [AGS-1141676]; ONR [N00014-07-1-0789]; DARPA [HR0011-09-C-099] FX The research was supported by NSF award AGS-1141676, ONR award N00014-07-1-0789, and DARPA contract HR0011-09-C-099. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 117 AR A08302 DI 10.1029/2012JA017886 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 984HR UT WOS:000307181200004 ER PT J AU Renoudet, VV Costa-Mallen, P Hopkins, E AF Renoudet, Virginia V. Costa-Mallen, Paola Hopkins, Elwood TI A Diet Low in Animal Fat and Rich in N-Hexacosanol and Fisetin Is Effective in Reducing Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL FOOD LA English DT Article DE fisetin; hexacosanol; lipids; neurodegenerative disease; neuroprotection; Parkinson's disease ID FLAVONOID FISETIN; RISK; ENHANCEMENT; ALCOHOLS AB This study describes how foods rich in fisetin and hexacosanol added to a strict diet reversed most symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) in one patient. This is a case report involving outpatient care. The subject was a dietitian diagnosed with idiopathic PD in 2000 at the age of 53 years old, with a history of exposure to neurotoxins and no family history of PD. A basic diet started in 2000 consisted of predominantly fruits, vegetables, 100% whole grains, extra virgin olive oil, nuts, seeds, nonfat milk products, tea, coffee, spices, small amounts of dark chocolate, and less than 25 g of animal fat daily. The basic diet alone failed to prevent decline due to PD. In 2009, the basic diet was enhanced with a good dietary source of both fisetin and hexacosanol. Six months after the patient started the enhanced diet rich in fisetin and hexacosanol, a clinically significant improvement in symptoms was noted; the patient's attending neurologist reported that the clinical presentation of cogwheel rigidity, micrographia, bradykinesia, dystonia, constricted arm swing with gait, hypomimia, and retropulsion appeared to be resolved. The only worsening of symptoms occurred when the diet was not followed precisely. Little improvement in tremor or seborrhea was observed. The clinical improvement has persisted to date. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case where adjunctive diet therapy resulted in a significant reduction of symptoms of PD without changing the type or increasing the amount of medications. C1 [Costa-Mallen, Paola] Bastyr Univ, Res Inst, Kenmore, WA 98028 USA. [Renoudet, Virginia V.] USAF, Biomed Sci Corps, Biloxi, MS USA. [Hopkins, Elwood] Naval Hosp, Bremerton, WA USA. RP Costa-Mallen, P (reprint author), Bastyr Univ, Res Inst, 14500 Juanita Dr SE, Kenmore, WA 98028 USA. EM pcostamallen@bastyr.edu NR 27 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 16 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1096-620X J9 J MED FOOD JI J. Med. Food PD AUG PY 2012 VL 15 IS 8 BP 758 EP 761 DI 10.1089/jmf.2012.0060 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 982CW UT WOS:000307020300013 PM 22846082 ER PT J AU Fragiadakis, D Roland, CM AF Fragiadakis, D. Roland, C. M. TI Molecular dynamics simulation of the Johari-Goldstein relaxation in a molecular liquid SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNITS; ORGANIC GLASS FORMERS; BETA-RELAXATION; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); SECONDARY RELAXATIONS; ALPHA-RELAXATION; D-SORBITOL; TRANSITION; MODEL; NMR AB Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to investigate the reorientational motion of a rigid (fixed bond length), asymmetric diatomic molecule in the liquid and glassy states. In the latter the molecule reorients via large-angle jumps, which we identify with the Johari-Goldstein (JG) dynamics. This relaxation process has a broad distribution of relaxation times, and at least deeply in the glassy state, the mobility of a given molecule remains fixed over time; that is, there is no dynamic exchange among molecules. Interestingly, the JG relaxation time for a molecule does not depend on the local density, although the nonergodicity factor is weakly correlated with the packing efficiency of neighboring molecules. In the liquid state the intensity of the JG process increases significantly, eventually subsuming the slower alpha relaxation. This evolution of the JG motion into structural relaxation underlies the correlation of many properties of the JG and alpha dynamics. C1 [Fragiadakis, D.; Roland, C. M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fragiadakis, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Fragiadakis, Daniel/A-4510-2009 FU Office of Naval Research [331] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research, in part by Code 331. NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 2 AR 020501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.86.020501 PN 1 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 985OV UT WOS:000307277300001 PM 23005709 ER PT J AU Garfinkel, S AF Garfinkel, Simson TI Lessons learned writing digital forensics tools and managing a 30TB digital evidence corpus SO DIGITAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Digital forensics; Lessons learned; Digital corpora AB Writing digital forensics (DF) tools is difficult because of the diversity of data types that needs to be processed, the need for high performance, the skill set of most users, and the requirement that the software run without crashing. Developing this software is dramatically easier when one possesses a few hundred disks of other people's data for testing purposes. This paper presents some of the lessons learned by the author over the past 14 years developing DF tools and maintaining several research corpora that currently total roughly 30TB. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Arlington, VA USA. RP Garfinkel, S (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, 900 N Glebe Rd, Arlington, VA USA. EM simsong@acm.org NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-2876 J9 DIGIT INVEST JI Digit. Investig. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 9 SU S BP S80 EP S89 DI 10.1016/j.diin.2012.05.002 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA 978BV UT WOS:000306715700010 ER PT J AU Garfinkel, S Nelson, AJ Young, J AF Garfinkel, Simson Nelson, Alex J. Young, Joel TI A general strategy for differential forensic analysis SO DIGITAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Forensics; Differencing; Forensic strategies; Feature extraction; Temporal analysis ID XML AB The dramatic growth of storage capacity and network bandwidth is making it increasingly difficult for forensic examiners to report what is present on a piece of subject media. Instead, analysts are focusing on what characteristics of the media have changed between two snapshots in time. To date different algorithms have been implemented for performing differential analysis of computer media, memory, digital documents, network traces, and other kinds of digital evidence. This paper presents an abstract differencing strategy and applies it to all of these problem domains. Use of an abstract strategy allows the lessons gleaned in one problem domain to be directly applied to others. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Garfinkel, Simson; Young, Joel] USN, Postgrad Sch, Arlington, VA USA. [Nelson, Alex J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Garfinkel, S (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, 900 N Glebe St, Arlington, VA USA. EM simsong@acm.org FU NSF Award [DUE-0919593] FX Portions of this work were funded by NSF Award DUE-0919593. We wish to thank Adam Russell for his useful inputs. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-2876 EI 1873-202X J9 DIGIT INVEST JI Digit. Investig. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 9 SU S BP S50 EP S59 DI 10.1016/j.diin.2012.05.003 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA 978BV UT WOS:000306715700007 ER PT J AU Rowe, NC AF Rowe, Neil C. TI Testing the National Software Reference Library SO DIGITAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE NSRL; Forensics; Files; Hash values; Coverage; Accuracy; Extensions; Directories ID DIGITAL FORENSICS AB The National Software Reference Library (NSRL) is an essential data source for forensic investigators, providing in its Reference Data Set (RDS) a set of hash values of known software. However, the NSRL RDS has not previously been tested against a broad spectrum of real-world data. The current work did this using a corpus of 36 million files on 2337 drives from 21 countries. These experiments answered a number of important questions about the NSRL RDS, including what fraction of files it recognizes of different types. NSRL coverage by vendor/product was also tested, finding 51% of the vendor/product names in our corpus had no hash values at all in NSRL It is shown that coverage or "recall" of the NSRL can be improved with additions from our corpus such as frequently-occurring files and files whose paths were found previously in NSRL with a different hash value. This provided 937,570 new hash values which should be uncontroversial additions to NSRL Several additional tests investigated the accuracy of the NSRL data. Experiments testing the hash values saw no evidence of errors. Tests of file sizes showed them to be consistent except for a few cases. On the other hand, the product types assigned by NSRL can be disputed, and it failed to recognize any of a sample of virus-infected files. The file names provided by NSRL had numerous discrepancies with the file names found in the corpus, so the discrepancies were categorized; among other things, there were apparent spelling and punctuation errors. Some file names suggest that NSRL hash values were computed on deleted files, not a safe practice. The tests had the secondary benefit of helping identify occasional errors in the metadata obtained from drive imaging on deleted files in our corpus. This research has provided much data useful in improving NSRL and the forensic tools that depend upon it. It also provides a general methodology and software for testing hash sets against corpora. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Rowe, NC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, GE 328,1411 Cunningham Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ncrowe@nps.edu NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-2876 J9 DIGIT INVEST JI Digit. Investig. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 9 SU S BP S131 EP S138 DI 10.1016/j.diin.2012.05.009 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA 978BV UT WOS:000306715700015 ER PT J AU Chromy, BA Elsheikh, M Christensen, TL Livingston, D Petersen, K Bearinger, JP Hoeprich, PD AF Chromy, Brett A. Elsheikh, Maher Christensen, Tova L. Livingston, Doug Petersen, Kyle Bearinger, Jane P. Hoeprich, Paul D. TI Repurposing screens identify rifamycins as potential broad-spectrum therapy for multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and select agent microorganisms SO FUTURE MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acinetobacter baumannii; Bacillus anthracis; Francisella tularensis; rifamycins; select agent pathogens; Yersinia pestis ID PUBLIC-HEALTH MANAGEMENT; INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS; BIOLOGICAL WEAPON; BIOTERRORISM; CASUALTIES; ANTHRAX; TRAUMA; PLAGUE; DRUGS AB Aims: Estimates suggest that the drug discovery and development processes take between 10 and 15 years, with costs ranging between US$500 million and $2 billion. A growing number of bacteria have become resistant to approved antimicrobials. For example, the Gram-negative bacterium Acinetobacter baumannii has become multidrug resistant (MDR) and is now an important pathogen to the US military in terms of wound infections. Industry experts have called for a 'disruptive' transformation of the drug discovery process to find new chemical entities for treating drug-resistant infections. One such attempt is drug 'repurposing' or 'repositioning' - that is, identification and development of new uses for existing or abandoned pharmacotherapies. Materials & methods: Using a novel combination of screening technologies based on cell growth and cellular respiration, we screened 450 US FDA-approved drugs from the NIH National Clinical Collection against a dozen clinical MDR A. baumannii (MDRAb) isolates from US soldiers and Marines. We also screened the collection against a diverse set of select agent surrogate pathogens. Results: Seventeen drugs showed promising antimicrobial activity against all MDRAb isolates and select agent surrogates; three of these compounds - all rifamycins - were found to be effective at preventing growth and preventing cellular respiration of MDRAb and select agent surrogate bacteria when evaluated in growth prevention assays, highlighting the potential for repurposing. Conclusion: We report the discovery of a class of known compounds whose repurposing may be useful in solving the current problem with MDRAb and may lead to the discovery of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. C1 [Chromy, Brett A.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Chromy, Brett A.; Elsheikh, Maher; Christensen, Tova L.; Bearinger, Jane P.; Hoeprich, Paul D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Livingston, Doug] Evotec San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. [Petersen, Kyle] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Chromy, BA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Tupper Hot,Room 3440, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM brett.chromy@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Laboratory Directed Research and Development [08-ERD-020, 09-ERD-054] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC52-07NA27344. K Petersen is an employee of the US Navy; this work was prepared as part of his official duties. This work was supported by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Laboratory Directed Research and Development awards: 08-ERD-020 and 09-ERD-054. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1746-0913 J9 FUTURE MICROBIOL JI Future Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 BP 1011 EP 1020 DI 10.2217/FMB.12.75 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 980BL UT WOS:000306868500014 PM 22913359 ER PT J AU Hwang, PA AF Hwang, Paul A. TI Foam and Roughness Effects on Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of the Ocean SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Ocean waves; passive microwave remote sensing; sea surface electromagnetic scattering; whitecaps; wind speed ID SEA-SURFACE; DRAG COEFFICIENT; HIGH-WIND; WAVES; FIELD; WHITECAPS; RETRIEVAL; ALGORITHM; MISSION AB Whitecaps and surface roughness are the two main components of the wind-induced microwave emissivity change of the ocean surface. The resulting difference of the received brightness temperature from that of a flat foamless sea surface at the same sea surface temperature and salinity is used for ocean surface wind vector retrieval using passive microwave remote sensing technology. In other applications such as sea surface salinity retrieval using L-band microwave radiometers, the wind-induced emissivity change is the major source of error, and its correction is important to the accuracy of retrieved salinity. Furthermore, global whitecap distribution using spaceborne radiometer measurements is possible if the contributions of emissivity change from roughness and foam can be separated. This is an important application because whitecaps are the manifestation of surface wave breaking, which is of great importance in air-sea interaction and climate research. This paper describes an analysis of the foam and roughness components of wind-induced emissivity change. The analysis is in good agreement with global WindSat measurements obtained over a broad range of wind speeds. Quantitative results on the variation of the foam and roughness components with respect to wind speed, incidence angle, microwave frequency, and polarization are presented. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hwang, PA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM paul.hwang@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [NRL PE 61153N] FX Manuscript received December 13, 2010; revised June 20, 2011; accepted November 20, 2011. Date of publication December 22, 2011; date of current version July 18, 2012. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Grant NRL PE 61153N. The Naval Research Laboratory publication number is NRL/JA/7260-10-0383. NR 34 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 17 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD AUG PY 2012 VL 50 IS 8 BP 2978 EP 2985 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2011.2177666 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 977UV UT WOS:000306691200005 ER PT J AU Toporkov, JV Sletten, MA AF Toporkov, Jakov V. Sletten, Mark A. TI Numerical Simulations and Analysis of Wide-Band Range-Resolved HF Backscatter From Evolving Ocean-Like Surfaces SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Boundary integral equations; high-frequency (HF) radar; perturbation methods; sea surface electromagnetic scattering ID FREQUENCY RADIOWAVE SCATTERING; FORWARD-BACKWARD METHOD; DISTURBED SEA SURFACE; ROUGH SURFACES; GRAZING ANGLES; RADAR; PROPAGATION; IMPEDANCE; APPROXIMATION; ACCELERATION AB Low-grazing wide-band HF radar echoes from evolving ocean-like surfaces in 2-D space are simulated employing a first-principles boundary integral equation technique. The synthesized signals achieve range resolution of about 15 m and correspond to observations with a hypothetical narrow-beam system having a 10-MHz effective bandwidth. Range-time plots of backscatter magnitude appear to contain a pattern consistent with the long surface waves. The double Fourier transform of the signal magnitude or power in range and time reveals strong harmonics located along the dispersion curve of the propagating gravity waves. The effect is discernable due to the high range resolution employed and is not predicted by the first-order Small Perturbation Method (SPM) approximation. It is explained by considering the next, second order of the SPM under certain simplifying assumptions such as perfect surface conductivity (with the Norton attenuation factor set to 1). The derived analytical expression is then used to investigate the feasibility of the surface profile retrieval from such time-varying range-resolved HF backscatter (gathered in the course of the "numerical experiment" through the exact scattering simulations). For the case of perfectly conducting sea-like surface developed under 10-m/s wind conditions, the results are very encouraging. The approach is sensitive to the surface harmonics with wavelengths far exceeding the Bragg resonance scales of the HF band. Extending this type of analysis to cases with realistic finite conductivity and/or rougher surface (assuming that the second-order SPM is still valid) will require proper accounting for ground-wave propagation effects in perturbation expressions. The study offers a glimpse into ocean observation possibilities that the wide-band HF systems can provide if and when they become a reality. C1 [Toporkov, Jakov V.; Sletten, Mark A.] USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Toporkov, JV (reprint author), USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jakov.toporkov@nrl.navy.mil; mark.sletten@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory [72-4280] FX Manuscript received June 6, 2011; revised September 12, 2011 and October 26, 2011; accepted October 30, 2011. Date of publication January 16, 2012; date of current version July 18, 2012. This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory's 6.1 Base Research Program (Work Unit 72-4280) and, in part, by a grant of computer time from the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program at the Naval Research Laboratory Distributed Center, the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory DoD Supercomputer Resource Center, and the U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command Simulation Center. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD AUG PY 2012 VL 50 IS 8 BP 2986 EP 3003 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2011.2178032 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 977UV UT WOS:000306691200006 ER PT J AU Gourdine-Shaw, MC Lamm, BM Paley, D Herzenberg, JE AF Gourdine-Shaw, Monique C. Lamm, Bradley M. Paley, Dror Herzenberg, John E. TI Distraction Osteogenesis for Complex Foot Deformities: U-Osteotomy with External Fixation SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL RATING SYSTEMS; VALIDITY AB Background: Certain complex foot deformities can be corrected surgically with a U-osteotomy. This osteotomy is indicated for patients with a uniform deformity of the entire foot relative to the tibia, preexisting stiffness and/or fusion of the subtalar joint, and a pain-free ankle joint. The goal is to create a plantigrade foot through gradual osseous repositioning of the entire foot relative to the tibia by means of external fixation. If needed, foot height can be increased simultaneously. Methods: Fifteen complex multiplanar foot deformities in fifteen patients were treated with a U-osteotomy and gradual correction by means of external fixation. Deformities resulted from congenital causes (seven), trauma (three), and developmental causes (five). The mean patient age at the time of surgery was twenty years (range, four to sixty-three years). The mean duration of external fixation was five months (range, three to eleven months). The mean duration of follow-up was five years (range, three to nineteen years). Clinical and radiographic results were assessed. Results: Osseous union and a plantigrade foot were achieved in all fifteen patients. Seven complications related to the U-osteotomy occurred in four patients, including deep pin-track infection in two, premature osseous consolidation in two, postoperative tarsal tunnel syndrome in two, and peroneal nerve entrapment in one. When comparing the preoperative and final postoperative radiographs, three significant differences were observed: the calcaneotibial angle changed by a mean of 18 degrees valgus (range, 6 degrees to 40 degrees valgus) (p = 0.003), the calcaneus was translated posteriorly by a mean of -8 mm (range, -2 to -20 mm) (p = 0.001), and foot height increased by a mean of 20 mm (range, 3 to 40 mm) (p < 0.001). Fourteen patients were able to walk without supports or assistance; one used only one cane or crutch to walk. Conclusions: U-osteotomy with gradual correction by means of external fixation can be used to obtain a plantigrade foot in patients with complex multiplanar deformities of the foot relative to the tibia. C1 [Gourdine-Shaw, Monique C.; Lamm, Bradley M.; Paley, Dror; Herzenberg, John E.] Sinai Hosp, Rubin Inst Adv Orthoped, Int Ctr Limb Lengthening, Baltimore, MD 21215 USA. RP Gourdine-Shaw, MC (reprint author), USN, Dept Podiatry, Med Serv Corps, Natl Naval Med Ctr, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM blamm@lifebridgehealth.org NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 94A IS 15 BP 1420 EP 1427 DI 10.2106/JBJS.K.00360 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 981AZ UT WOS:000306939000011 PM 22854996 ER PT J AU Gordon, DF Hafizi, B AF Gordon, D. F. Hafizi, B. TI Time dependent Schrodinger equation on arbitrary structured grids: Application to photoionization SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Schrodinger equation; Numerical method; Photoionization ID IONIZATION; FIELD; ATOMS; SUPPRESSION; HYDROGEN; IONS AB A systematic technique for conservatively discretizing the time dependent Schrodinger equation on an arbitrary structured grid is given. Spatial differencing is carried out by finite volumes, and temporal differencing is carried out semi-implicitly. It is shown that the resulting algorithm conserves probability to within a round-off error regardless of the grid geometry. The algorithm is efficient for both serial and parallel computation. The conservative nature of the algorithm, and its phase accuracy, are demonstrated for a bound state, and for a free state in an electromagnetic field. The ionization rate for a hydrogen atom in a strong electromagnetic field is computed, and compared with the rate from tunneling theory. The regime of validity of tunneling theory is clarified. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Gordon, D. F.] USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hafizi, B.] Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA. RP Gordon, DF (reprint author), USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM daniel.gordon@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory Base Program; DOE FX This work supported by the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program, and DOE. Discussions with P. Sprangle, K. Whitney, and J. Davis are gratefully acknowledged. We thank H. Wasserman of NERSC for his assistance with the parallel scaling study. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 231 IS 19 BP 6349 EP 6359 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2012.05.021 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 976TC UT WOS:000306606900007 ER PT J AU Evans, KN Kilcoyne, KG Dickens, JF Rue, JP Giuliani, J Gwinn, D Wilckens, JH AF Evans, Korboi N. Kilcoyne, Kelly G. Dickens, Jonathan F. Rue, John-Paul Giuliani, Jeffrey Gwinn, David Wilckens, John H. TI Predisposing risk factors for non-contact ACL injuries in military subjects SO KNEE SURGERY SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY ARTHROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Knee; ACL; Notch width; Notch width index; BMI ID ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT; INTERCONDYLAR NOTCH; ATHLETIC INJURIES; HIGH-SCHOOL; KNEE; BASKETBALL; PLAYERS; WOMEN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENDER AB The goal of this study was to document the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears and possible risk factors for these injuries in a large population of young, athletic subjects. The authors retrospectively reviewed the US Naval Academy's database of midshipmen admitted in 1999 and 2000 (n = 2,345) and prospectively followed until graduation 4 years later or disenrollment. Excluded were 658 who had a history of preadmission ACL injury or surgery, those without initial radiographs or documented baseline height and weight, or those who had documented contact ACL injuries. Therefore, 1,687 subjects comprised the study group. Standard radiographic measurements, including condylar width, notch width, and femoral notch width index (notch width divided by condyle width), were obtained for all subjects. Statistical analyses were used to determine differences between injured and uninjured subjects. The overall incidence of non-contact ACL injury was 2.9% (37 men, 12 women). The average BMI was 25.6 and 24.4 kg/m(2) for the injured and uninjured groups, respectively (P < 0.05). Although femoral notch width alone was not associated with non-contact ACL injuries, subjects with higher than average BMI in combination with narrow notch width were at significant risk for ACL injury (P = 0.021). Elevated BMI combined with narrow notch width may predispose young athletes to non-contact ACL injury. Retrospective comparative study, Level III. C1 [Rue, John-Paul] USN Acad, Naval Hlth Clin Annapolis, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Wilckens, John H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Johns Hopkins Bayview Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Evans, Korboi N.; Kilcoyne, Kelly G.; Dickens, Jonathan F.; Giuliani, Jeffrey; Gwinn, David] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Evans, KN (reprint author), Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. EM ehenze1@jhmi.edu NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0942-2056 J9 KNEE SURG SPORT TR A JI Knee Surg. Sports Traumatol. Arthrosc. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1554 EP 1559 DI 10.1007/s00167-011-1755-y PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences; Surgery GA 978II UT WOS:000306733600021 PM 22080351 ER PT J AU Arkes, J AF Arkes, Jeremy TI Longitudinal Association Between Marital Disruption and Child BMI and Obesity SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID PARENTING STYLES; FAMILY-STRUCTURE; YOUNG-CHILDREN; WEIGHT STATUS; SOCIAL-CLASS; US CHILDREN; Z-SCORE; OVERWEIGHT; ADOLESCENTS; DIVORCE AB This research examines whether family disruptions (i.e., divorces and separation) contribute to children's weight problems. The sample consists of 7,299 observations for 2,333 children, aged 5-14, over the 1986-2006 period, from a US representative sample from the Child and Young Adult Survey accompanying the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY). The study uses individual-fixed-effects models in a longitudinal framework to compare children's BMI and weight problems before and after a disruption. Furthermore, besides doing a before-after comparison for children, the study also estimates the effects at various periods relative to the disruption in order to examine whether children are affected before the disruption and whether any effects change as time passes from the disruption, as some effects may be temporary or slow to develop. Despite having a larger sample than the previous studies, the results provide no evidence that, on average, children's BMI and BMI percentile scores (measured with continuous outcomes) are affected before the disruption, after the disruption, and as time passes from the disruption, relative to a baseline period a few years before the disruption. However, children experiencing a family disruption do have an increased risk of obesity (having a BMI percentile score of 95 or higher) in the two years leading up to the disruption as well as after the disruption, and as time passes from the disruption. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Arkes, J (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM arkes@nps.edu FU National Institute on Child and Health Development [R03HD052776] FX This research was supported by grant R03HD052776 from the National Institute on Child and Health Development. The author thanks Nancy Nicosia for her helpful comments. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 26 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD AUG PY 2012 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1696 EP 1702 DI 10.1038/oby.2012.84 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 980UY UT WOS:000306920900021 PM 22484366 ER PT J AU Lomax, JF Lomax, EA Lu, SCL Haverhals, L Calame, JP Fontanella, JJ Edmondson, CA Wintersgill, MC Westgate, MA AF Lomax, J. F. Lomax, E. A. Lu, S. C-L Haverhals, L. Calame, J. P. Fontanella, J. J. Edmondson, C. A. Wintersgill, M. C. Westgate, M. A. TI Electrical properties of BaTiO3 nanoparticles in poly(ether imide) SO SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID DIELECTRIC-CONSTANT; BREAKDOWN STRENGTH; POLARIZATION; COMPOSITES; MEDIA; MODEL AB The relative permittivity has been measured at audio frequencies and low temperatures for nanocomposites composed of poly(ether imide) (PEI) and BaTiO3 nanoparticles, the nanoparticles in a cavity and polycrystalline BaTiO3. The data at room temperature, for the real part of the relative permittivity versus nanoparticle content of the heat-treated nanocomposites, are found to follow a recently proposed modified Hanai equation. Also, a low-temperature relaxation region (in the vicinity of 20 K) is found in the heat-treated nanocomposites. This relaxation region is also observed in measurements on the nanoparticles packed in a cavity and for the polycrystalline BaTiO3 materials. A relaxation associated with water in the PEI is observed in the as-prepared nanocomposites. Finally, the breakdown strength of the heat-treated nanocomposites is found to decrease as the nanoparticle content increases. Microstructure-level simulations of electric field statistics were carried out and show that matrix field intensification cannot account for all of the variation of breakdown strength with nanoparticle concentration. C1 [Lomax, J. F.; Lomax, E. A.; Lu, S. C-L; Haverhals, L.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Lomax, E. A.] Creighton Univ, Sch Nursing, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Calame, J. P.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fontanella, J. J.; Edmondson, C. A.; Wintersgill, M. C.; Westgate, M. A.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Lomax, JF (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM lomax@usna.edu FU US Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to thank Dr John T Bendler of BSC, Inc. and Dr Ming Jen Pan of the Naval Research Laboratory for helpful suggestions. This work was supported in part by the US Office of Naval Research. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0964-1726 J9 SMART MATER STRUCT JI Smart Mater. Struct. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 IS 8 AR 085017 DI 10.1088/0964-1726/21/8/085017 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science GA 978BL UT WOS:000306713800018 ER PT J AU Teriaca, L Warren, HP Curdt, W AF Teriaca, Luca Warren, Harry P. Curdt, Werner TI SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF Fe XVIII IN SOLAR ACTIVE REGIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona ID X-RAY TELESCOPE; SUMER SPECTRAL ATLAS; HOT PLASMA; IMAGING SPECTROMETER; CORONAL SPECTRUM; ATOMIC DATA; HINODE; DYNAMICS; EMISSION; LINES AB The large uncertainties associated with measuring the amount of high temperature emission in solar active regions (ARs) represents a significant impediment to making progress on the coronal heating problem. Most current observations at temperatures of 3 MK and above are taken with broadband soft X-ray instruments. Such measurements have proven difficult to interpret unambiguously. Here, we present the first spectroscopic observations of the Fe XVIII 974.86 angstrom emission line in an on-disk AR taken with the SUMER instrument on SOHO. Fe XVIII has a peak formation temperature of 7.1 MK and provides important constraints on the amount of impulsive heating in the corona. Detailed evaluation of the spectra and comparison of the SUMER data with soft X-ray images from the X-Ray Telescope on Hinode confirm that this line is unblended. We also compare the spectroscopic data with observations from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) 94 angstrom channel on the Solar Dynamics Observatory. The AIA 94 angstrom channel also contains Fe XVIII, but is blended with emission formed at lower temperatures. We find that it is possible to remove the contaminating blends and form relatively pure Fe XVIII images that are consistent with the spectroscopic observations from SUMER. The observed spectra also contain the Ca XIV 943.63 angstrom line that, although a factor 2-6 weaker than the Fe XVIII 974.86 angstrom line, allows us to probe the plasma around 3.5 MK. The observed ratio between the two lines indicates (isothermal approximation) that most of the plasma in the brighter Fe XVIII AR loops is at temperatures between 3.5 and 4 MK. C1 [Teriaca, Luca; Curdt, Werner] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. [Warren, Harry P.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Teriaca, L (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, Max Planck Str 2, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. FU DLR; CNES; NASA; ESA PRODEX programme FX The SUMER project is financially supported by DLR, CNES, NASA, and the ESA PRODEX programme (Swiss contribution). The authors thank U. Schuhle for fruitful discussion and D. Germerott for his help in acquiring the data. H.P.W. was supported by NASA. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 754 IS 2 AR L40 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/754/2/L40 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 975QY UT WOS:000306527200022 ER PT J AU Lambrakos, SG Shabaev, A Bernstein, N Cooper, KP AF Lambrakos, S. G. Shabaev, A. Bernstein, N. Cooper, K. P. TI Overview of Inverse Thermal Analysis of Drop-by-Drop Liquid-Metal Deposition Using Green's Functions SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE fabricated metal; modeling processes; titanium AB An overview is presented of general aspects of a methodology for inverse thermal analysis of drop-by-drop liquid-metal deposition based on Green's functions. This methodology is constructed according to the general physical characteristics of rapid prototyping processes employing drop-by-drop liquid-metal deposition. This methodology represents a specific extension of a methodology using basis functions that was introduced previously for inverse analysis of welding processes, and of energy deposition in general. The formal structure of the methodology follows from a specific definition of the inverse heat transfer problem, which is well posed for inverse analysis of heat deposition processes. This definition is based on the assumption of the availability of information concerning spatially distributed boundary and constraint values. This information would be obtained in principle from both experimental measurements obtained in the laboratory, as well as numerical simulations performed using models having been constructed using basic theory. C1 [Lambrakos, S. G.; Bernstein, N.; Cooper, K. P.] USN, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Ctr Computat Mat, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Shabaev, A.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Lambrakos, SG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Ctr Computat Mat, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lambrakos@anvil.nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors thank the Office of Naval Research for its support in performing this research. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 IS 8 BP 1598 EP 1610 DI 10.1007/s11665-011-0075-1 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 975ZD UT WOS:000306549400005 ER PT J AU Huang, L Shabaev, A Lambrakos, SG Massa, L AF Huang, L. Shabaev, A. Lambrakos, S. G. Massa, L. TI THz Dielectric Properties of Molecular Clusters of PETN and TNT Calculated by Density Functional Theory SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE advanced characterization; chemical analysis; modeling processes ID GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; TERAHERTZ SPECTROSCOPY; EXPLOSIVES; SPECTRUM AB The need for better detection of explosive devices has imposed a necessity for determining the dielectric response properties of energetic materials with respect to electromagnetic wave excitation. Among the range of different frequencies for electromagnetic excitation, the THz frequency range is of particular interest because of its nondestructive nature. The present study is based on significant progress in density functional theory (DFT), and associated software technology, which is sufficiently mature for the determination of dielectric response functions, and actually provides complementary information to that obtained from experiment. This point is further demonstrated in this study by calculations of ground state resonance structure associated with molecular clusters of the high explosives PETN and TNT using DFT, which is for the construction of parameterized dielectric response functions for excitation by electromagnetic waves at frequencies within the THz range. These dielectric functions provide for different types of analyses concerning the dielectric response of explosives. In particular, these dielectric response functions provide quantitative initial estimates of spectral response features for subsequent adjustment with respect to additional information such as laboratory measurements and other types of theory-based calculations. With respect to qualitative analysis, these spectra provide for the molecular level interpretation of response structure. The DFT software GAUSSIAN was used for the calculations of ground state resonance structure presented here. C1 [Huang, L.; Lambrakos, S. G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Shabaev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Massa, L.] CUNY Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Huang, L (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lambrakos@anvil.nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This study was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 EI 1544-1024 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 IS 8 BP 1620 EP 1636 DI 10.1007/s11665-011-0098-7 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 975ZD UT WOS:000306549400007 ER PT J AU Greer, JA Zelig, CM Choi, KK Rankins, NC Chauhan, SP Magann, EF AF Greer, Joy A. Zelig, Craig M. Choi, Kenny K. Rankins, Nicole Calloway Chauhan, Suneet P. Magann, Everett F. TI Return to military weight standards after pregnancy in active duty working women: comparison of marine corps vs. navy SO JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Antepartum weight gain; body mass index; postpartum weight retention ID GAIN; POSTPARTUM; RETENTION; INADEQUATE; COHORT; RISK; PREPREGNANCY; ASSOCIATION; PREDICTORS AB Objective: To compare the likelihood of being within weight standards before and after pregnancy between United States Marine Corps (USMC) and Navy (USN) active duty women (ADW). Methods: ADW with singleton gestations who delivered at a USMC base were followed for 6 months to determine likelihood of returning to military weight standards. Odds ratio (OR), adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated; p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Similar proportions of USN and USMC ADW were within body weight standards one year prior to pregnancy (79%, 97%) and at first prenatal visit (69%, 96%), respectively. However, USMC ADW were significantly more likely to be within body weight standards at 3 months (AOR 4.30,1.28-14.43) and 6 months after delivery (AOR 9.94, 1.53-64.52) than USN ADW. Weight gained during pregnancy did not differ significantly for the two groups (40.4 lbs vs 44.2 lbs, p = 0.163). The likelihood of spontaneous vaginal delivery was significantly higher (OR 2.52, 1.20-5.27) and the mean birth weight was significantly lower (p = 0.0036) among USMC ADW as compared to USN ADW. Conclusions: Being within weight standards differs significantly for USMC and USN ADW after pregnancy. C1 [Greer, Joy A.] Univ Penn, Div Urogynecol & Reconstruct Pelv Surg, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Zelig, Craig M.] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Choi, Kenny K.] Naval Hosp Guantanemo Bay, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Guantanemo Bay, Cuba. [Rankins, Nicole Calloway] Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Specialties & Obstet, Norfolk, VA 23501 USA. [Chauhan, Suneet P.] Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Norfolk, VA 23501 USA. [Magann, Everett F.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. RP Greer, JA (reprint author), Univ Penn, Div Urogynecol & Reconstruct Pelv Surg, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 252-725-5876,1000 Courtyard,34th St & Civ Ctr Blv, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM joy.greer@uphs.upenn.edu NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1476-7058 J9 J MATERN-FETAL NEO M JI J. Matern.-Fetal Neonatal Med. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 25 IS 8 BP 1433 EP 1437 DI 10.3109/14767058.2011.639820 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 974MM UT WOS:000306439600048 PM 22081961 ER PT J AU Bensman, MD Mackie, RS Minter, ZA Gutting, BW AF Bensman, M. D. Mackie, R. S. Minter, Z. A. Gutting, B. W. TI Effect of animal sera on Bacillus anthracis Sterne spore germination and vegetative cell growth SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; germination; growth; sera; spores ID MURINE PRIMARY MACROPHAGES; INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; IN-VITRO; INFECTION; INTERNALIZATION; INACTIVATION; PATHOLOGY; RESPONSES; TOXINS; HOST AB Aims: The aims of this work were to investigate the effects of sera on B.similar to anthracis Sterne germination and growth. Sera examined included human, monkey and rabbit sera, as well as sera from eight other species. Methods and Results: Standard dilution plate assay (with and without heat kill) was used as a measure of germination, and spectroscopy was used to measure growth. In addition, a Coulter Counter particle counter was used to monitor germination and growth based on bacterial size. Spores germinated best in foetal bovine and monkey sera, moderately with human sera and showed limited germination in the presence of rabbit or rat sera. Vegetative bacteria grew best in foetal bovine sera and moderately in rabbit sera. Human and monkey sera supported little growth of vegetative bacteria. Conclusion: The data suggested sera can have a significant impact on germination and growth of Sterne bacteria. Significance and Impact of the Study: These data should be considered when conducting in vitro cell culture studies and may aid in interpreting in vivo infection studies. C1 [Bensman, M. D.; Mackie, R. S.; Minter, Z. A.; Gutting, B. W.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, CBR Concepts & Experimentat Branch Z21, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP Gutting, BW (reprint author), 4045 Higley Rd,Suite 344, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. EM dlgr_nswc_z20@navy.mil FU Defence Threat Reduction Agency [CBS.PHYSIO.01.10.SW.PP.005]; Environmental Protection Agency [DW17922155-01-1]; NSWCDD Academic Fellowship Program FX Parts of this work was funded by the Defence Threat Reduction Agency (CBS.PHYSIO.01.10.SW.PP.005), the Environmental Protection Agency (DW17922155-01-1) and the NSWCDD Academic Fellowship Program (R.S.M.). NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 113 IS 2 BP 276 EP 283 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05314.x PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 974AF UT WOS:000306401300006 PM 22515644 ER PT J AU Steinberg, MK First, MR Lemieux, EJ Drake, LA Nelson, BN Kulis, DM Anderson, DM Welschmeyer, NA Herring, PR AF Steinberg, Mia K. First, Matthew R. Lemieux, Edward J. Drake, Lisa A. Nelson, Bruce N. Kulis, David M. Anderson, Donald M. Welschmeyer, Nicholas A. Herring, Penny R. TI Comparison of techniques used to count single-celled viable phytoplankton SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phytoplankton; Enumeration; FlowCAM (R); Flow cytometry; Sedgewick Rafter; Ballast water; SYTOX Green; CellTracker green ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; GROWTH; OCEAN; PRODUCTIVITY; MICROSCOPY; DECLINE; RATES AB Four methods commonly used to count phytoplankton were evaluated based upon the precision of concentration estimates: Sedgewick Rafter and membrane filter direct counts, flow cytometry, and flow-based imaging cytometry (FlowCAM). Counting methods were all able to estimate the cell concentrations, categorize cells into size classes, and determine cell viability using fluorescent probes. These criteria are essential to determine whether discharged ballast water complies with international standards that limit the concentration of viable planktonic organisms based on size class. Samples containing unknown concentrations of live and UV-inactivated phytoflagellates (Tetraselmis impellucida) were formulated to have low concentrations (< 100 mL(-1)) of viable phytoplankton. All count methods used chlorophyll a fluorescence to detect cells and SYTOX fluorescence to detect nonviable cells. With the exception of one sample, the methods generated live and nonviable cell counts that were significantly different from each other, although estimates were generally within 100% of the ensemble mean of all subsamples from all methods. Overall, percent coefficient of variation (CV) among sample replicates was lowest in membrane filtration sample replicates, and CVs for all four counting methods were usually lower than 30% (although instances of similar to 60% were observed). Since all four methods were generally appropriate for monitoring discharged ballast water, ancillary considerations (e.g., ease of analysis, sample processing rate, sample size, etc.) become critical factors for choosing the optimal phytoplankton counting method. C1 [First, Matthew R.; Drake, Lisa A.] USN, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Res Lab, Key West, FL USA. [Steinberg, Mia K.; Lemieux, Edward J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nelson, Bruce N.] Battenkill Technol, Manchester Ctr, VT USA. [Kulis, David M.; Anderson, Donald M.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Welschmeyer, Nicholas A.] Moss Landing Marine Lab, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Herring, Penny R.] United States Coast Guard, New London, CT USA. RP Drake, LA (reprint author), USN, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Res Lab, Key West, FL USA. EM lisa.drake@nrl.navy.mil OI First, Matthew/0000-0003-1330-3353; First, Matt/0000-0003-3465-2376 FU US Coast Guard Research and Development Center [HSCG32-07-X-R00018]; NSF [03/06/394]; Environmental Protection Agency [RD-83382801-0] FX This study was supported by the US Coast Guard Research and Development Center under contract HSCG32-07-X-R00018 and does not represent official USCG policy. Partial research support to DMA and DMK was provided through NSF International Contract 03/06/394, and Environmental Protection Agency Grant RD-83382801-0. We thank Sarah Smith, Christopher Scianni, and Scott Riley for their help collecting and analyzing data and Timothy Wier for his assistance organizing and executing the workshop. We would also like to thank Kevin Burns and James Day III for statistical advice. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 84 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8971 J9 J APPL PHYCOL JI J. Appl. Phycol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 24 IS 4 BP 751 EP 758 DI 10.1007/s10811-011-9694-z PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 971QW UT WOS:000306219900015 ER PT J AU Tremblay, GR O'Dea, CP Baum, SA Clarke, TE Sarazin, CL Bregman, JN Combes, F Donahue, M Edge, AC Fabian, AC Ferland, GJ McNamara, BR Mittal, R Oonk, JBR Quillen, AC Russell, HR Sanders, JS Salome, P Voit, GM Wilman, RJ Wise, MW AF Tremblay, G. R. O'Dea, C. P. Baum, S. A. Clarke, T. E. Sarazin, C. L. Bregman, J. N. Combes, F. Donahue, M. Edge, A. C. Fabian, A. C. Ferland, G. J. McNamara, B. R. Mittal, R. Oonk, J. B. R. Quillen, A. C. Russell, H. R. Sanders, J. S. Salome, P. Voit, G. M. Wilman, R. J. Wise, M. W. TI Multiphase signatures of active galactic nucleus feedback in Abell 2597 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: individual: Abell 2597; galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; galaxies: star formation ID X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; RADIO GALAXIES; CHANDRA OBSERVATION; GASEOUS ATMOSPHERE; BUOYANT BUBBLES; STAR-FORMATION; EMITTING GAS; CLUSTERS; FILAMENTS; A2597 AB We present new Chandra X-ray observations of the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) in the cool-core cluster Abell 2597 (z= 0.0821). The data reveal an extensive kpc-scale X-ray cavity network as well as a 15-kpc filament of soft-excess gas exhibiting strong spatial correlation with archival Very Large Array radio data. In addition to several possible scenarios, multiwavelength evidence may suggest that the filament is associated with multiphase (103107 K) gas that has been entrained and dredged-up by the propagating radio source. Stemming from a full spectral analysis, we also present profiles and 2D spectral maps of modelled X-ray temperature, entropy, pressure and metal abundance. The maps reveal an arc of hot gas which in projection borders the inner edge of a large X-ray cavity. Although limited by strong caveats, we suggest that the hot arc may be (a) due to a compressed rim of cold gas pushed outwards by the radio bubble or (b) morphologically and energetically consistent with cavity-driven active galactic nucleus heating models invoked to quench cooling flows, in which the enthalpy of a buoyant X-ray cavity is locally thermalized as ambient gas rushes to refill its wake. If confirmed, this would be the first observational evidence for this model. C1 [Tremblay, G. R.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Tremblay, G. R.; O'Dea, C. P.] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Tremblay, G. R.; Baum, S. A.; Mittal, R.] Chester F Carlson Ctr Imaging Sci, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [O'Dea, C. P.; McNamara, B. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Baum, S. A.] Radcliffe Inst Adv Study, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Clarke, T. E.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sarazin, C. L.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Bregman, J. N.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Combes, F.; Salome, P.] CNRS, Observ Paris, LERMA, F-75014 Paris, France. [Donahue, M.; Voit, G. M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Edge, A. C.; Wilman, R. J.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Fabian, A. C.; Sanders, J. S.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Ferland, G. J.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [McNamara, B. R.; Russell, H. R.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 2G1, Canada. [Oonk, J. B. R.; Wise, M. W.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Quillen, A. C.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Tremblay, GR (reprint author), European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM grant.tremblay@eso.org OI Edge, Alastair/0000-0002-3398-6916; Tremblay, Grant/0000-0002-5445-5401; Sanders, Jeremy/0000-0003-2189-4501; Combes, Francoise/0000-0003-2658-7893; Ferland, Gary/0000-0003-4503-6333; Voit, Gerard/0000-0002-3514-0383 FU NASA/NY Space Grant Consortium; European Southern Observatory (ESO); European Community [229517]; NASA through JPL/Caltech; Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University; NASA [G06-7115B, NAS8-39073, RSA 1373266, RSA P12-78175, G01-12169X, NAS8-03060, 5-26555]; 6.1 Base funds FX The authors thank Drs Elaine Sadler, Robert Laing, Andy Robinson, Joel Kastner and Bill Sparks for thoughtful discussions. We also thank the anonymous referee for constructive feedback. GRT is grateful to Ruth Smith, and acknowledges support from the NASA/NY Space Grant Consortium, as well as a European Southern Observatory (ESO) Fellowship partially funded by the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (/FP7/2007-2013/) under grant agreement No. 229517. Partial support was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech, as well as the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University. TEC was partially supported by NASA through Chandra award G06-7115B issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-39073. Basic research into radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 Base funds. CLS was supported in part by NASA Herschel Grants RSA 1373266, RSA P12-78175 and Chandra Grant G01-12169X. ACF thanks the Royal Society. This paper is based upon observations with the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060. We also make use of previously published observations by the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy Inc., under NASA contract 5-26555. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities Inc. We have made extensive use of the NASA Astrophysics Data System bibliographic services and the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database, operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 424 IS 2 BP 1026 EP 1041 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21281.x PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 973JQ UT WOS:000306356800017 ER PT J AU Tremblay, GR O'Dea, CP Baum, SA Clarke, TE Sarazin, CL Bregman, JN Combes, F Donahue, M Edge, AC Fabian, AC Ferland, GJ McNamara, BR Mittal, R Oonk, JBR Quillen, AC Russell, HR Sanders, JS Salome, P Voit, GM Wilman, RJ Wise, MW AF Tremblay, G. R. O'Dea, C. P. Baum, S. A. Clarke, T. E. Sarazin, C. L. Bregman, J. N. Combes, F. Donahue, M. Edge, A. C. Fabian, A. C. Ferland, G. J. McNamara, B. R. Mittal, R. Oonk, J. B. R. Quillen, A. C. Russell, H. R. Sanders, J. S. Salome, P. Voit, G. M. Wilman, R. J. Wise, M. W. TI Residual cooling and persistent star formation amid active galactic nucleus feedback in Abell 2597 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Review DE galaxies: active; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: individual: Abell 2597; galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; galaxies: star formation ID BRIGHTEST CLUSTER GALAXIES; POWERFUL RADIO GALAXIES; RAY-LUMINOUS CLUSTERS; FAR-ULTRAVIOLET OBSERVATIONS; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN EMISSION; DEEP CHANDRA OBSERVATION; H-ALPHA FILAMENTS; FLOW CLUSTERS; XMM-NEWTON; PERSEUS CLUSTER AB New Chandra X-ray and Herschel Far-Infrared (FIR) observations enable a multiwavelength study of active galactic nucleus (AGN) heating and intracluster medium (ICM) cooling in the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) of Abell 2597 (z= 0.0821). The new Chandra observations reveal the central ?30 kpc X-ray cavity network to be more extensive than previously thought, and associated with enough enthalpy to theoretically inhibit the inferred classical cooling flow. Nevertheless, we present new evidence, consistent with previous results, that a moderately strong residual cooling flow is persisting at 48 per cent of the classically predicted rates in a spatially structured manner amid the feedback-driven excavation of the X-ray cavity network. New Herschel observations are used to estimate warm and cold dust masses, a lower limit gas-to-dust ratio and a star formation rate consistent with previous measurements. [O i] and CO(2-1) line profiles are used to constrain the kinematics of the similar to 109 M? reservoir of cold molecular gas. The cooling time profile of the ambient X-ray atmosphere is used to map the locations of the observational star formation entropy threshold as well as the theoretical thermal instability threshold. Both lie just outside the ?30-kpc central region permeated by X-ray cavities, and star formation as well as ionized and molecular gas lie interior to both. The young stars are distributed in an elongated region that is aligned with the radio lobes, and their estimated ages are both younger and older than the X-ray cavity network, suggesting both jet-triggered as well as persistent star formation over the current AGN feedback episode. Bright X-ray knots that are coincident with extended Lya and far-ultraviolet continuum filaments motivate a discussion of structured cooling from the ambient hot atmosphere along a projected axis that is perpendicular to X-ray cavity and radio axis. We conclude that the cooling ICM is the dominant contributor of the cold gas reservoir fuelling star formation and AGN activity in the Abell 2597 BCG. C1 [Tremblay, G. R.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Tremblay, G. R.; O'Dea, C. P.] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Tremblay, G. R.; Baum, S. A.; Mittal, R.] Chester F Carlson Ctr Imaging Sci, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [O'Dea, C. P.; McNamara, B. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Baum, S. A.] Radcliffe Inst Adv Study, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Clarke, T. E.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sarazin, C. L.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Bregman, J. N.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Combes, F.; Salome, P.] CNRS, Observ Paris, LERMA, F-75014 Paris, France. [Donahue, M.; Voit, G. M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Edge, A. C.; Wilman, R. J.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Fabian, A. C.; Sanders, J. S.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Ferland, G. J.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [McNamara, B. R.; Russell, H. R.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 2G1, Canada. [Oonk, J. B. R.; Wise, M. W.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Quillen, A. C.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Tremblay, GR (reprint author), European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM grant.tremblay@eso.org OI Edge, Alastair/0000-0002-3398-6916; Combes, Francoise/0000-0003-2658-7893; Tremblay, Grant/0000-0002-5445-5401; Ferland, Gary/0000-0003-4503-6333; Sanders, Jeremy/0000-0003-2189-4501; Voit, Gerard/0000-0002-3514-0383 FU NASA/NY Space Grant Consortium; European Southern-Observatory (ESO); European Community [229517]; NASA through JPL/Caltech; Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University; NASA through Chandra award [G06-7115B]; NASA [NAS8-39073, RSA 1373266, RSA P12-78175, NAS8-03060, 5-26555]; 6.1 Base funds; Chandra Grant [G01-12169X] FX The authors thank Drs Elaine Sadler, Robert Laing, Andy Robinson, Joel Kastner and Bill Sparks for thoughtful discussions. We also thank the anonymous referee for constructive feedback. GRT is grateful to Ruth Smith, and acknowledges support from the NASA/NY Space Grant Consortium, as well as a European Southern-Observatory (ESO) Fellowship partially funded by the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (/FP7/2007-2013/) under grant agreement No. 229517. Partial support was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech, as well as the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University. TEC was partially supported by NASA through Chandra award G06-7115B issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-39073. Basic research into radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 Base funds. CLS was supported in part by NASA Herschel Grants RSA 1373266, RSA P12-78175 and Chandra Grant G01-12169X. ACF thanks the Royal Society. This paper is based upon observations with the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060. We also present observations made with the Herschel Space Observatory, a European Space Agency Cornerstone Mission with significant participation by NASA. We make use of previously published observations by the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy Inc., under NASA contract 5-26555. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities Inc. We have made extensive use of the NASA Astrophysics Data System bibliographic services and the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database, operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. NR 183 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 424 IS 2 BP 1042 EP 1060 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21278.x PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 973JQ UT WOS:000306356800018 ER PT J AU Pollman, A di Marzo, M AF Pollman, Anthony di Marzo, Marino TI Simplified, integral, rapid-condensation transient experiment SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article ID NATURAL CIRCULATION AB A simplified, integral, rapid-condensation transient device named the UMD-USNA Near One-dimensional Transient Experimental Apparatus (MANOTEA) was constructed at the United States Naval Academy in order to create a rapid-condensation dataset for comparison to TRACE code output. Integral, rapid condensation transients have historically been a challenge to reactor safety codes like TRACE, primarily due to the presence of multi-dimensional, multi-phase flow. MANOTEA was designed to eliminate these difficulties. A series of condensation-driven transients, for various nozzle geometries and sizes, was performed with the MANTOEA facility and the results are presented and explained. The data reveals that transient duration and amount of liquid transferred is a function of both condensation rate and metal mass effects. An energy partition concept is introduced as a convenient way to capture the interplay between nozzle size and geometry. The fundamental criteria for determining the state of any MANOTEA transient is how much liquid inventory has been transferred up to a given instant in time. This behavior is also observed in reactors during a loss of coolant scenario. The authors intend to publish the results of efforts to model the facility with TRACE in a companion paper. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pollman, Anthony] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [di Marzo, Marino] Univ Maryland, Fire Protect Engn Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Pollman, A (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM pollman@usna.edu FU University of Maryland; United States Naval Academy FX This effort was undertaken with financial support from University of Maryland and United States Naval Academy discretionary research funds. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 249 BP 357 EP 363 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2012.04.019 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 971KD UT WOS:000306201900042 ER PT J AU Morehead-Gee, AJ Pfalzer, L Levy, E McGarvey, C Springer, B Soballe, P Gerber, L Stout, NL AF Morehead-Gee, Alicia J. Pfalzer, Lucinda Levy, Ellen McGarvey, Charles Springer, Barbara Soballe, Peter Gerber, Lynn Stout, Nicole L. TI Racial disparities in physical and functional domains in women with breast cancer SO SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER LA English DT Article DE Breast cancer; Health status; Health-related quality of life; Race; Physical impairment; Health disparities ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; AXILLARY WEB SYNDROME; PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT ENABLES; SF-36 HEALTH SURVEY; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; ARM LYMPHEDEMA; WHITE WOMEN; ETHNIC DISPARITIES; EARLY-DIAGNOSIS AB African-American women are more likely than white women to have functional impairments after breast cancer (BC) surgery; however, no differences were found in self-reported health status surveys at 12+ months postsurgery. This analysis compared white and African-American BC survivors' (BCS) health status, health-related quality of life, and the occurrence of physical impairments after BC treatment. One hundred sixty-six women (130 white, 28 African-American, 8 other) were assessed for impairments preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12+ months postsurgery. Health status was assessed at 12+ months using the Short Form Health Survey (SF36v2 (TM)). Analysis of variance estimated differences between groups for health status and impairment occurrence. No differences were found between groups for BC type, stage, grade, or tumor size; surgery type; or number of lymph nodes sampled. African-American BCS had more estrogen/progesterone receptor-negative tumors (p < 0.001; p = 0.036) and received radiation more frequently (p = 0.03). More African-American BCS were employed (p = 0.022) and reported higher rates of social activities (p = 0.011) but less recreational activities (p = 0.020) than white BCS. African-American BCS had higher rates of cording (p = 0.013) and lymphedema (p = 0.011) postoperatively. No differences were found in self-reported health status. In a military healthcare system, where access to care is ubiquitous, there were no significant differences in many BC characteristics commonly attributed to race. African-American women had more ER/PR-negative tumors; however, no other BC characteristics differed between racial groups. African-American women exhibited more physical impairments, although their BC treatment only differed regarding radiation therapy. This suggests that African-American BCS may be at higher risk for physical impairments and should be monitored prospectively for early identification and treatment. C1 [Stout, Nicole L.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Breast Care Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Morehead-Gee, Alicia J.; Levy, Ellen] NIH, Dept Rehabil Med, Ctr Clin, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Pfalzer, Lucinda] Univ Michigan, Phys Therapy Dept, Flint, MI 48503 USA. [McGarvey, Charles] CLM Consulting, Rockville, MD USA. [Springer, Barbara] USA, Off Surg Gen, Rehabil & Reintegrat Div, Falls Church, VA USA. [Soballe, Peter] USN Hosp, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Gerber, Lynn] George Mason Univ, Coll Hlth & Human Serv, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Stout, NL (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Breast Care Ctr, 8901 Wisconsin Ave,Bldg 19,3rd Floor, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM Nicole.stout@med.navy.mil FU National Naval Medical Center (National Naval Medical Center [NNMC]) [NNMC 2001-052]; National Institutes of Health (NIH), Clinical Center, Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Physical Therapy Section [NIH 02-CC-0044] FX This study was supported by the National Naval Medical Center (National Naval Medical Center [NNMC] Protocol NNMC 2001-052) and by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Clinical Center, Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Physical Therapy Section (Protocol NIH 02-CC-0044). NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0941-4355 EI 1433-7339 J9 SUPPORT CARE CANCER JI Support. Care Cancer PD AUG PY 2012 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1839 EP 1847 DI 10.1007/s00520-011-1285-7 PG 9 WC Oncology; Health Care Sciences & Services; Rehabilitation SC Oncology; Health Care Sciences & Services; Rehabilitation GA 970LG UT WOS:000306129600030 PM 21979903 ER PT J AU Haegel, NM Chisholm, DJ Cole, RA AF Haegel, N. M. Chisholm, D. J. Cole, R. A. TI Imaging transport in nanowires using near-field detection of light SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th American Conference on Crystal Growth and Epitaxy (ACCGE)/15th US Biennial Workshop on Organometallic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (OMVPE) CY JUL 31-AUG 05, 2011 CL Monterey, CA SP Amer Assoc Crystal Growth & Epitaxy (AACGE) DE Characterization; Diffusion; Nanostructures; Optical microscopy; Semiconducting II-VI materials ID CARRIER DIFFUSION LENGTH; ZNO; LIFETIME; GAAS AB Major progress in the crystal growth of nanowires and related structures places new demands on our abilities to characterize optical and electronic properties with both an ease and a resolution commensurate with the materials of interest. In particular, transport properties, such as minority carrier diffusion length, are important for a range of applications in light emission, sensing and solar energy conversion. In this paper, a technique to "image transport" in nanostructures by monitoring the motion of charge via the recombination emission of light is reviewed. Transport imaging combines the resolution of near-field optics with the charge generation control of a scanning electron microscope. The technique is related to, but significantly different from standard cathodoluminescence, since it maintains the spatial information of the emitted light. Light is collected in the near-field from a scanning fiber in an atomic force microscope/near-field scanning optical microscope system. It is possible to determine minority carrier or exciton diffusion lengths from a single optical image, without any electrical contact to the sample. New results are presented for minority carrier hole transport in ZnO nanowires and nanobelts. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Haegel, N. M.; Chisholm, D. J.; Cole, R. A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Haegel, NM (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM nmhaegel@nps.edu NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 EI 1873-5002 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 352 IS 1 BP 218 EP 223 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.12.067 PG 6 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 969WE UT WOS:000306089300050 ER PT J AU Gala, SG Goodman, JR Murphy, MP Balsam, MJ AF Gala, Shalin G. Goodman, Justin R. Murphy, Michael P. Balsam, Marion J. TI Use of Animals by NATO Countries in Military Medical Training Exercises: An International Survey SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Among the 28 member nations of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), a variety of training methodologies-including simulators, moulage scenarios, didactics and live animal laboratories-are used to prepare military medical personnel to treat injured civilians and soldiers. For ethical, educational, practical, and economic reasons, the necessity of animal use for this purpose has come into question. This article reports the results of a survey examining the prevalence of animal use in military medical training exercises among all NATO nations, finding that more than three-quarters of these countries do not use animals. C1 [Gala, Shalin G.; Goodman, Justin R.] People Eth Treatment Anim, Lab Investigat Div, Norfolk, VA 23510 USA. [Goodman, Justin R.] Marymount Univ, Dept Sociol & Criminal Justice, Arlington, VA 22207 USA. [Murphy, Michael P.] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Balsam, Marion J.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Gala, SG (reprint author), People Eth Treatment Anim, Lab Investigat Div, 501 Front St, Norfolk, VA 23510 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 177 IS 8 BP 907 EP 910 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA V33OA UT WOS:000209026900007 PM 22934368 ER PT J AU Norris, JN Viirre, E Aralis, H Sracic, MK Thomas, D Gertsch, JH AF Norris, Jacob N. Viirre, Erik Aralis, Hilary Sracic, Michael K. Thomas, Darren Gertsch, Jeffery H. TI High Altitude Headache and Acute Mountain Sickness at Moderate Elevations in a Military Population During Battalion-Level Training Exercises SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Few studies have evaluated high altitude headache (HAH) and acute mountain sickness (AMS) in military populations training at moderate (1,500-2,500 m) to high altitudes (>2,500 m). In the current study, researchers interviewed active duty personnel training at Marine Corps Mountain Warfare Training Center. Participants were asked about HA}{and AMS symptoms, potential risk factors, and medications used. In a sample of 192 U.S. Navy and Marine Corps personnel, 14.6% reported AMS (Lake Louise Criteria >= 3) and 28.6% reported HAH. Dehydration and recent arrival at altitude (defined as data collected on days 2-3) were significantly associated with AMS; decreased sleep allowance was significantly associated with HAH. Although ibuprofen/Motrin users were more likely to screen positive for AMS, among AMS-positive participants, ibuprofen/Motrin users had decreased likelihood of reporting robust AMS relative to non-ibuprofen/Motrin users (p < 0.01). These results suggest that maintenance of hydration and adequate sleep allowance may be critical performance requirements at altitude. Further, ibuprofen/Motrin may be a reasonable treatment for the symptoms of AMS and HAH, although further study is warranted. C1 [Norris, Jacob N.; Viirre, Erik; Aralis, Hilary] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Warfighter Performance Dept, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Sracic, Michael K.] Battal Surg Off, Camp Pendleton, CA 92055 USA. [Thomas, Darren] Marine Corps Mt Warfare Training Ctr, OIC Mt & Cold Weather Med, Bridgeport, CA 93517 USA. [Gertsch, Jeffery H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Dept Neurosci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Norris, JN (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Warfighter Performance Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. FU Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery [61031] FX The authors would like to thank COL Philip Chandler, Commanding Officer, Mountain Warfare Training Center, and Lt Col C.R. Wonson, Commanding Officer, 1st Battalion, 1st Marines; and Mr. Christopher Henson for acting as liaison to the Marines. This report was supported by Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, under Work Unit No. 61031. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 177 IS 8 BP 917 EP 923 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA V33OA UT WOS:000209026900009 PM 22934370 ER PT J AU Guyon, I Dror, G Lemaire, V Silver, DL Taylor, G Aha, DW AF Guyon, Isabelle Dror, Gideon Lemaire, Vincent Silver, Daniel L. Taylor, Graham Aha, David W. TI Analysis of the IJCNN 2011 UTL challenge SO NEURAL NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE Machine learning; Transfer learning; Unsupervised learning; Metric learning; Kernel learning; Unlabeled data; Challenge; Competition AB We organized a challenge in "Unsupervised and Transfer Learning": the UTL challenge (http://clopinetcom/ul). We made available large datasets from various application domains: handwriting recognition, image recognition, video processing, text processing, and ecology. The goal was to learn data representations that capture regularities of an input space for re-use across tasks. The representations were evaluated on supervised learning "target tasks" unknown to the participants. The first phase of the challenge was dedicated to "unsupervised transfer learning" (the competitors were given only unlabeled data). The second phase was dedicated to "cross-task transfer learning" (the competitors were provided with a limited amount of labeled data from "source tasks", distinct from the "target tasks"). The analysis indicates that learned data representations yield significantly better results than those obtained with original data or data preprocessed with standard normalizations and functional transforms. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Guyon, Isabelle] Clopinet, Berkeley, CA 94708 USA. [Dror, Gideon] Yahoo, Haifa, Israel. [Lemaire, Vincent] Orange Labs, Paris, France. [Silver, Daniel L.] Acadia Univ, Wolfville, NS B0P 1X0, Canada. [Taylor, Graham] NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Aha, David W.] USN, Res Lab, Arlington, VA USA. RP Guyon, I (reprint author), Clopinet, 955 Creston Rd, Berkeley, CA 94708 USA. EM guyon@clopinet.com FU Pascal network of excellence; European Commission; US National Science Foundation [ECCS-0725746] FX Our generous sponsors and data donors and our dedicated advisors, beta testers listed on our challenge website (http://clopinet.com/ul) are gratefully acknowledged. This project is part of the DARPA Deep Learning program and is an activity of the Causality Workbench supported by the Pascal network of excellence funded by the European Commission and by the US National Science Foundation under Grant NO. ECCS-0725746. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0893-6080 J9 NEURAL NETWORKS JI Neural Netw. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 32 SI SI BP 174 EP 178 DI 10.1016/j.neunet.2012.02.010 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 970WI UT WOS:000306162600019 PM 22374109 ER PT J AU Hawkins, TG Lewin, JE Amos, C AF Hawkins, Timothy G. Lewin, Jeffrey E. Amos, Clinton TI The influence of leader opportunism in B2B exchange SO JOURNAL OF BUSINESS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Leadership; Opportunism; Procurement; Buyer-supplier relationship; Ethics ID SUBJECTIVE EXPECTED UTILITY; ETHICAL DECISION-MAKING; BEHAVIOR; COMMITMENT; BUSINESS; PROFESSIONALS; DETERMINANTS; VARIABLES; MANAGERS; OUTCOMES AB A phenomenon of great significance to buyer-supplier relationships is opportunism. While research shows the behavior of organizational leaders contributes to unethical behavior of subordinates, leaders' influence on buyer opportunism in B2B exchange has not been examined. The purpose of this study is to enhance our understanding of how leaders influence buyers to behave opportunistically. Based on multiple theories a model tests the moderating effects of leaders' opportunistic behavior on two antecedents of buyers' attitude toward opportunism. Findings indicate that leaders' opportunistic behavior has both direct and moderating effects on buyers' attitude toward acting opportunistically. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Lewin, Jeffrey E.] Univ N Texas, Coll Business, Dept Mkt & Logist, Denton, TX 76201 USA. [Hawkins, Timothy G.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. [Amos, Clinton] Augusta State Univ, James M Hull Coll Business, Augusta, GA 30904 USA. RP Lewin, JE (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Coll Business, Dept Mkt & Logist, 1307 W Highland St, Denton, TX 76201 USA. EM tghawkin@nps.edu; Jeffrey.Lewin@unt.edu; clamos@aug.edu NR 70 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0148-2963 J9 J BUS RES JI J. Bus. Res. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 65 IS 8 BP 1112 EP 1118 DI 10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.08.021 PG 7 WC Business SC Business & Economics GA 966ON UT WOS:000305847400006 ER PT J AU Caban, JJ Yao, JH Mollura, DJ AF Caban, Jesus J. Yao, Jianhua Mollura, Daniel J. TI Enhancing Image Analytic Tools by Fusing Quantitative Physiological Values with Image Features SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING LA English DT Article DE Data fusion; Physiological values; Multimodal biomarkers; Computer-aided diagnosis; Pulmonary fibrosis ID COMPUTER-AIDED DIAGNOSIS; PULMONARY-FIBROSIS; CLASSIFICATION; LUNG; CT AB Computer-aided diagnosis systems (CADs) can quantify the severity of diseases by analyzing a set of images and employing prior statistical models. In general, CADs have proven to be effective at providing quantitative measurements of the extent of a particular disease, thus helping physicians to better monitor the progression of cancer, infectious diseases, and other health conditions. Electronic Health Records frequently include a large amount of clinical data and medical history that can provide critical information about the underlying condition of a patient. We hypothesize that the fusion of image and clinical-physiological features can be used to enhance the accuracy of automatic image classification models. In particular, this paper shows how image analytic tools can move beyond classical image interpretation models to broader systems where image and physiological measurements are fused and used to create more generic detection models. To test our hypothesis, a CAD system capable of quantifying the severity of patients with pulmonary fibrosis has been developed. Results show that CAD systems augmented with multimodal physiological values are more robust and accurate at determining the severity of the disease. C1 [Caban, Jesus J.] USN, Natl Intrepid Ctr Excellence, Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Yao, Jianhua; Mollura, Daniel J.] NIH, Dept Radiol & Imaging Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Caban, JJ (reprint author), USN, Natl Intrepid Ctr Excellence, Med Ctr, Bldg 51,8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM jesus.caban@nih.gov NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0897-1889 J9 J DIGIT IMAGING JI J. Digit. Imaging PD AUG PY 2012 VL 25 IS 4 BP 550 EP 557 DI 10.1007/s10278-011-9449-z PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 968LI UT WOS:000305982500016 PM 22246203 ER PT J AU Chen, X Rowe, NC Wu, J Xiong, KQ AF Chen, Xiao Rowe, Neil C. Wu, Jie Xiong, Kaiqi TI Improving the localization accuracy of targets by using their spatial-temporal relationships in wireless sensor networks SO JOURNAL OF PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Localization; Spatial-temporal; Surveillance; Tracking; Wireless sensor networks ID TRACKING AB Due to the low cost and capabilities of sensors, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are promising for military and civilian surveillance of people and vehicles. One important aspect of surveillance is target localization. A location can be estimated by collecting and analyzing sensing data on signal strength, time of arrival, time difference of arrival, or angle of arrival. However, this data is subject to measurement noise and is sensitive to environmental conditions, so its location estimates can be inaccurate. In this paper, we add a novel process to further improve the localization accuracy after the initial location estimates are obtained from some existing algorithm. Our idea is to exploit the consistency of the spatial-temporal relationships of the targets we track. Spatial relationships are the relative target locations in a group and temporal relationships are the locations of a target at different times. We first develop algorithms that improve location estimates using spatial and temporal relationships of targets separately, and then together. We prove mathematically that our methods improve the localization accuracy. Furthermore, we relax the condition that targets should strictly keep their relative positions in the group and also show that perfect time synchronization is not required. Simulations were also conducted to test the algorithms. They used initial target location estimates from existing signal-strength and time-of-arrival algorithms and implemented our own algorithms. The results confirmed improved localization accuracy, especially in the combined algorithms. Since our algorithms use the features of targets and not the underlying WSNs, they can be built on any localization algorithm whose results are not satisfactory. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Xiao] Texas State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. [Rowe, Neil C.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Wu, Jie] Temple Univ, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Xiong, Kaiqi] Rochester Inst Technol, Coll Comp & Informat Sci, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Chen, X (reprint author), Texas State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. EM xc10@txstate.edu; ncrowe@nps.edu; jiewu@temple.edu; kxxics@rit.edu FU NSF [CBET 0729696, CCF 1028167, CNS 0948184, CCF 0830289, CNS 1065444, ECCS 1128209] FX This research was supported in part by NSF grants CBET 0729696, CCF 1028167, CNS 0948184, CCF 0830289, CNS 1065444, and ECCS 1128209. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0743-7315 EI 1096-0848 J9 J PARALLEL DISTR COM JI J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 72 IS 8 BP 1008 EP 1018 DI 10.1016/j.jpdc.2012.04.011 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 965OA UT WOS:000305775900007 ER PT J AU Salmeron, J AF Salmeron, Javier TI Deception tactics for network interdiction: A multiobjective approach SO NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE network interdiction; asymmetric information; bi-level optimization; multiobjective optimization; generalized networks; Benders decomposition ID PATH AB This article develops defender-attacker network interdiction models with deception. Here, deception refers to a preemptive and intelligent use of concealed interdiction assets and decoys by the defender, in addition to transparent assets commonly employed in modeling defender-attacker problems. These models can help security planners to locate a limited number of checkpoints and sensors of various types to, for example, detect the smuggling of illegal products. The problem is complex, in part, because the objective functions of the defender and the attacker are different, and because the latter (which represents the attacker's behavior) is difficult to predict by the defender. First, we use duality theory and a generalized network flow model to devise an equivalent mixed-integer programming formulation, and develop its Benders decomposition. We extend this formulation with a multiobjective approach to account for several behaviors simultaneously. The computational effort to solve these models is considerable, as exemplified by our testing on a variety of cases for a medium-sized, notional network. Published 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2012 C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Salmeron, J (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jsalmero@nps.edu FU U.S. Center for Army Analysis FX The author thanks the U.S. Center for Army Analysis for their partial support of this research. He also expresses great gratitude to two outstanding reviewers who inspired insightful and constructive ideas, as well as subtle thoughts, which became instrumental to the final form of this article. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-3045 J9 NETWORKS JI Networks PD AUG PY 2012 VL 60 IS 1 BP 45 EP 58 DI 10.1002/net.20458 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA 969SG UT WOS:000306077900004 ER PT J AU Grachev, AA Andreas, EL Fairall, CW Guest, PS Persson, POG AF Grachev, Andrey A. Andreas, Edgar L. Fairall, Christopher W. Guest, Peter S. Persson, P. Ola G. TI Outlier Problem in Evaluating Similarity Functions in the Stable Atmospheric Boundary Layer SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bin-averaging; Gradient-based scaling; Outliers; Richardson number; Self-correlation; SHEBA; Stable boundary layer ID FLUX-PROFILE RELATIONSHIPS; SURFACE-LAYER; TURBULENT EXCHANGE; DRAG COEFFICIENT; ROUGHNESS LENGTH; SELF-CORRELATION; PEAK WAVES; SEA-ICE; SHEBA; WAVELENGTH AB The gradient-based similarity approach removes turbulent fluxes as governing parameters and replaces them with vertical gradients of mean wind speed and potential temperature. As a result, the gradient Richardson number, Ri, appears as a stability parameter instead of the Monin-Obukhov stability parameter z/L (L is the Obukhov length). The gradient-based scaling is more appropriate for moderate and very stable conditions when the gradients are large and their errors are relatively small whereas z/L becomes ambiguous in these conditions because turbulent fluxes are small. However, the gradient-based formulation is faced with a problem related to the influence of Ri outliers: outliers with high values of Ri can exist in conditions that are really near-neutral. These outliers are mapped into the very stable range in plots in which Ri is the independent variable and may lead to spurious dependencies for bin-averaged data (spurious bin-averaging). This effect is quite large for functions that are steep for the gradient-based scaling. The present study uses the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) data to examine the problem and proposes two methods, conditional analysis and independent binning, to limit the influence of outliers on bin-averaging. A disadvantage of the conditional analysis is associated with eliminating outliers based on criteria that could be considered as subjective. The independent bin-averaging method does not have this disadvantage, but the scatter of the bin-averaged points is higher than for the conditional analysis, rendering data analysis and interpretation difficult. C1 [Grachev, Andrey A.; Persson, P. Ola G.] Univ Colorado, NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Andreas, Edgar L.] NW Res Associates Inc, Lebanon, NH USA. [Guest, Peter S.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Grachev, AA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, 325 Broadway,R PSD3, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM Andrey.Grachev@noaa.gov OI GRACHEV, ANDREY/0000-0002-7143-0820 FU U.S. National Science Foundation's Office of Polar Programs; NSF [ARC 11-07428, ARC 10-19322]; CRDF [RUG1-2976-ST-10] FX The U.S. National Science Foundation's Office of Polar Programs supported our original SHEBA research. During the current work NSF also supported AAG and POGP with award ARC 11-07428 and ELA with award ARC 10-19322. AAG also was supported by CRDF with award RUG1-2976-ST-10. The authors thank Zbigniew Sorbjan and an anonymous reviewer for suggestions on improving the manuscript. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 144 IS 2 BP 137 EP 155 DI 10.1007/s10546-012-9714-9 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 965RO UT WOS:000305785100001 ER PT J AU Kolel-Veetil, MK Fears, KP Qadri, SB Klug, CA Keller, TM AF Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K. Fears, Kenan P. Qadri, Syed B. Klug, Christopher A. Keller, Teddy M. TI Formation of a crosslinked POSS network by an unusual hydrosilylation: Thermo-oxidative stabilization of the a-cristobalite phase in its amorphous regions SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE acetylene; amorphous; cristobalite; crosslinked; crosslinking; high temperature materials; hydrosilylation; inorganic-organic; Karstedt's; nanoparticles; network; polymerization; POSS; silicon oxycarbide; silsesquioxane; thermal; thermal properties; thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) ID POLYHEDRAL OLIGOMERIC SILSESQUIOXANES; SILICON OXYCARBIDE GLASSES; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; HIGH-TEMPERATURE CHEMISTRY; RICH SIOC CERAMICS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; SILOXANE COPOLYMERS; DENDRITIC NETWORKS; BETA-CRISTOBALITE AB A semicrystalline inorganicorganic hybrid crosslinked network containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) cores was constructed by the unusual hydrosilylation of the terminal vinyl groups of an internal acetylene-containing silane linker by a POSS monomer. Products from the thermal treatments of this network in either argon or air at 250, 550, and 1000 degrees C, respectively, were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, Solid-state 13C and 29Si magic angle spinning NMR, X-ray diffraction and XPS analyses. The highly symmetrically functionalized POSS silica clusters, in the fluorite silica phase, in the network were found to remain unchanged on thermal treatment possibly due to the shielding of the silica core by the functionalities and a cancellation of thermal stresses on the silica core. Stabilization of the metastable a-cristobalite phase, which is typically formed on cooling by a beta- to a-transition of the beta-cristobalite phase formed above 1400 degrees C, was observed in the amorphous regions in the network sample treated only to 1000 degrees C in air. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012 C1 [Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K.; Fears, Kenan P.; Klug, Christopher A.; Keller, Teddy M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Qadri, Syed B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kolel-Veetil, MK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM manoj.kolel-veetil@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors thank the Office of Naval Research for its financial support of this work. Thanks are also due to Drs. Andrew P. Saab and John N. Russell of the Chemistry Division at the Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, for their insightful suggestions during the preparation of this manuscript. NR 71 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-624X J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 50 IS 15 BP 3158 EP 3170 DI 10.1002/pola.26102 PG 13 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 962UW UT WOS:000305572900019 ER PT J AU Holtz, RL Pao, PS Bayles, RA Longazel, TM Goswami, R AF Holtz, Ronald L. Pao, Peter S. Bayles, Robert A. Longazel, Thomas M. Goswami, Ramasis TI Corrosion-Fatigue Behavior of Aluminum Alloy 5083-H131 Sensitized at 448 K (175 degrees C) SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Fatigue and Corrosion Damage in Metallic Materials CY FEB 27-MAR 03, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP Minerals Metals & Mat Soc, TMS, Structural Mat Div ID AL-MG ALLOY; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CRACK GROWTH-BEHAVIOR; STRESS-CORROSION; MAGNESIUM ALLOY; HEAT-TREATMENT; ZN-MG; AA5083; PROPAGATION; PRECIPITATION AB The fatigue crack growth behavior of aluminum alloy 5083-H131 has been systematically studied as a function of degree of sensitization for aging at 448 K (175 A degrees C). Fatigue crack growth rates were measured at load ratios of 0.1 and 0.85, in vacuum, air, and a corrosive aqueous environment containing 1 pct NaCl with dilute inhibitor. Sensitization does not affect the fatigue crack growth behavior of Al 5083-H131 significantly in vacuum or air, at low- or high-load ratio. For high-load ratio, in the 1 pct NaCl+inhibitor solution, the threshold drops by nearly 50 pct during the first 200 hours of aging, then it degrades more slowly for longer aging times up to 2000 hours. The change in aging behavior at approximately 200 hours seems to be correlated with the transition from partial coverage of the grain boundaries by beta Al3Mg2 phase, to continuous full beta coverage. ASTM G-67 mass loss levels below approximately 30 mg/cm(2) do not exhibit degraded corrosion-fatigue properties for R = 0.85, but degradation of the threshold is rapid for higher mass loss levels. C1 [Holtz, Ronald L.; Pao, Peter S.] USN, Multifunct Mat Branch, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bayles, Robert A.; Longazel, Thomas M.] USN, Ctr Corros Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Goswami, Ramasis] SAIC Inc, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Holtz, RL (reprint author), USN, Multifunct Mat Branch, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ronald.holtz@nrl.navy.mil NR 58 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 43A IS 8 BP 2839 EP 2849 DI 10.1007/s11661-011-0866-x PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 964YO UT WOS:000305732900039 ER PT J AU Subramanian, M Wulf, EA Phlips, B Krawczynski, H Martin, J Dowknott, P AF Subramanian, Mythili Wulf, Eric A. Phlips, Bernard Krawczynski, Henric Martin, Jerrad Dowknott, Paul TI Compton imaging with thick Si and CZT detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray; Compton telescope; Si and CZT detector; Monte Carlo simulations ID RAY ASTRONOMY; TELESCOPE AB A Compton imaging telescope has been constructed using a 0.2 cm thick Silicon (Si) detector of active area 9.0 x 9.0 cm(2) and a pixelated Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) detector of dimensions 2.0 x 2.0 x 0.5 cm(3). The Si detector is double sided with 64 strips per side in two orthogonal directions. The CZT detector has 64 pixels of pitch 0.25 cm. We used several ASICs (32 channel) to read out both detectors. A Cs-137 source was used in the study. The energy deposited in the Si and CZT detectors and the points of interaction of the gamma-ray in both detectors were read out. We varied the position of the source as well as the vertical separation between the Si and CZT detectors and measured the angular resolution of the source image for the different configurations. The best angular resolution (1 sigma) was 2.4 degrees. Monte Carlo simulations were run for similar detector configurations and agree with the experimental results. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Subramanian, Mythili] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Wulf, Eric A.; Phlips, Bernard] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Krawczynski, Henric; Martin, Jerrad; Dowknott, Paul] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA. RP Subramanian, M (reprint author), George Mason Univ, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM mythili.subramanian@gmail.com FU Office of Naval Research [N0001411WX20488]; NASA [MIPR NNG08WF05I, NNH08ZDA001NAPRA]; DHS [2007-DN-077-ER0002-04]; McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences FX The authors thank Mary Johnson-Rambert and Cuong Thai for their support during the experiment. The work done at the Naval Research Lab was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research under Authorization N0001411WX20488 and by NASA under MIPR NNG08WF05I. The work at Washington University has been supported by NASA (grant NNH08ZDA001NAPRA), by the DHS (contract 2007-DN-077-ER0002-04), and by the McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 682 BP 79 EP 84 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2012.04.011 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 963XW UT WOS:000305659300014 ER PT J AU Kumar, P LeBlanc, J Stargel, DS Shukla, A AF Kumar, Puneet LeBlanc, James Stargel, David S. Shukla, Arun TI Effect of plate curvature on blast response of aluminum panels SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Plate curvature; Aluminum panels; Blast loading; Digital image correlation; Numerical simulation ID INELASTIC DEFORMATION; DYNAMIC-RESPONSE; LOADED PLATES; SQUARE PLATES; WALL PANELS; FAILURE AB Experimental and numerical studies were conducted to understand the effect of plate curvature on blast response of aluminum panels. A shock tube apparatus was utilized to impart controlled shock loading to aluminum 2024-T3 panels having three different radii of curvatures: infinity (panel A), 304.8 mm (panel B), and 111.8 mm (panel C). Panels with dimensions of 203.2 mm x 203.2 mm x 2 mm were held with mixed boundary conditions before applying the shock loading. A 3D Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique coupled with high speed photography was used to obtain out-of-plane deflection and velocity, as well as in-plane strain on the back face of the panels. Macroscopic postmortem analysis was performed to compare the yielding and plastic deformation in the three panels. The results showed that panel C had the least plastic deformation and yielding as compared to the other panels. A dynamic computational simulation that incorporates the fluid-structure interaction was also conducted to evaluate the panel response. The computational study utilized the Dynamic System Mechanics Analysis Simulation (DYSMAS) software. The model consisted of the shock tube wall, the aluminum plate, and the air (both internal and external) to the tube walls. The numerical results were compared to the experimental data. The comparison between the experimental results and the numerical simulation showed a high level of correlation using the Russell error measure. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kumar, Puneet; Shukla, Arun] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Mech Ind & Syst Engn, Dynam Photomech Lab, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [LeBlanc, James] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Stargel, David S.] USAF, Off Sci Res Aerosp Chem & Mat Sci, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Shukla, A (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Mech Ind & Syst Engn, Dynam Photomech Lab, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM shuklaa@egr.uri.edu FU Department of Homeland Security (DHS) [2008-ST-061-ED0002]; Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Newport through NUWC FX The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) under Cooperative Agreement No. 2008-ST-061-ED0002. James LeBlanc acknowledges the financial support of the Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Newport through the NUWC Fellowship Program. NR 21 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 46 BP 74 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2012.02.004 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 930YD UT WOS:000303179800007 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, NF Kathiria, N Shauger, S Love, K Boswell, G AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Kathiria, Nazima Shauger, Susan Love, Kathleen Boswell, Gilbert TI The association of epicardial adipose tissue with coronary artery calcification among HIV-infected men SO AIDS LA English DT Article ID CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; HEART-DISEASE; FAT; THICKNESS AB Little data exist regarding the association of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and cardiovascular disease among HIV-infected persons. Among 213 HIV-infected men, there was a significant association between protease inhibitor use and increasing EAT volume. EAT was significantly associated with coronary artery calcium greater than 100. The elevated coronary artery disease risk in HIV-infected men may be partially explained by EAT associated with protease inhibitor use. C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Kathiria, Nazima; Shauger, Susan; Boswell, Gilbert] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Love, Kathleen] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Crum-Cianflone, NF (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM nancy.crum@med.navy.mil FU Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), Department of Defense (DoD) [IDCRP-018]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [Y1-AI-5072] FX Support for this work (IDCRP-018) was provided by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUL 31 PY 2012 VL 26 IS 12 BP 1573 EP 1576 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328355cef8 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 977NN UT WOS:000306670300016 PM 22713476 ER PT J AU Wu, CT Valls, OT Halterman, K AF Wu, Chien-Te Valls, Oriol T. Halterman, Klaus TI Proximity effects and triplet correlations in ferromagnet/ferromagnet/superconductor nanostructures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTOR-FERROMAGNET STRUCTURES; SUPERCURRENTS; METALS; FIELD AB We report the results of a study of superconducting proximity effects in clean ferromagnet/ferromagnet/ superconductor (F1F2S) heterostructures, where the pairing state in S is a conventional singlet s-wave. We numerically find the self-consistent solutions of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) equations and use these solutions to calculate the relevant physical quantities. By linearizing the BdG equations, we obtain the superconducting transition temperatures T-c as a function of the angle alpha between the exchange fields in F-1 and F-2. We find that the results for T-c (alpha) in F1F2S systems are clearly different from those in F1SF2 systems, where T-c monotonically increases with alpha and is highest for antiparallel magnetizations. Here, T-c(alpha) is in general a nonmonotonic function, and often has a minimum near alpha approximate to 80 degrees. For certain values of the exchange field and layer thicknesses, the system exhibits reentrant superconductivity with alpha: it transitions from superconducting to normal, and then returns to a superconducting state again with increasing alpha. This phenomenon is substantiated by a calculation of the condensation energy. We compute, in addition to the ordinary singlet pair amplitude, the induced odd triplet pairing amplitudes. The results indicate a connection between equal-spin triplet pairing and the singlet pairing state that characterizes T-c. We find also that the induced triplet amplitudes can be very long ranged in both the S and F sides and characterize their range. We discuss the average density of states for both the magnetic and the S regions, and its relation to the pairing amplitudes and T-c. The local magnetization vector, which exhibits reverse proximity effects, is also investigated. C1 [Wu, Chien-Te; Valls, Oriol T.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Halterman, Klaus] USN, Michelson Lab, Div Phys, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Valls, Oriol T.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Wu, CT (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM wu@physics.umn.edu; otvalls@umn.edu; klaus.halterman@navy.mil OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134 FU ONR; DOD (HPCMP) FX We thank C. Grasse and B. Benton for technical help. K.H. is supported in part by ONR and by grants of HPC resources from DOD (HPCMP). NR 53 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 31 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 1 AR 014523 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.014523 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 981SQ UT WOS:000306991300001 ER PT J AU Basu, R Nemitz, IR Song, QX Lemieux, RP Rosenblatt, C AF Basu, Rajratan Nemitz, Ian R. Song, Qingxiang Lemieux, Robert P. Rosenblatt, Charles TI Surface topography and rotational symmetry breaking SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CRYSTAL ALIGNMENT; CHIRAL INDUCTION; POLYIMIDE; ORDER AB The surface electroclinic effect, which is a rotation of the molecular director in the substrate plane proportional to an electric field (E) over right arrow applied normal to the substrate, requires both a chiral environment and C-2 (or lower) rotational symmetry about (E) over right arrow. The two symmetries typically are created in tandem by manipulating the surface topography, a process that conflates their effects. Here we use a pair of rubbed polymer-coated substrates in a twist geometry to obtain our main result, viz., that the strengths of two symmetries, in this case the rub-induced breaking of C-infinity rotational symmetry and chiral symmetry, can be separated and quantified. Experimentally we observe that the strength of the reduced rotational symmetry arising from the rub-induced scratches, which is proportional to the electroclinic response, scales linearly with the induced topographical rms roughness and increases with increasing rubbing strength of the polymer. Our results also suggest that the azimuthal anchoring strength coefficient is relatively insensitive to the strength of the rubbing. C1 [Basu, Rajratan; Nemitz, Ian R.; Rosenblatt, Charles] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Basu, Rajratan] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Song, Qingxiang; Lemieux, Robert P.] Queens Univ, Dept Chem, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. RP Basu, R (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1065491]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX We thank Professor R.G. Petschek for useful discussions. The Case group has support from the National Science Foundation's Condensed Matter Physics and Solid State and Materials Chemistry Programs under Grant No. DMR-1065491. The Queen's group is supported by a Discovery Grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL 27 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 1 AR 011711 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.86.011711 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 980YX UT WOS:000306931200007 PM 23005441 ER PT J AU Jolliff, JK Gould, RW Penta, B Teague, WJ DeRada, S Chavez, FP Arnone, RA AF Jolliff, J. K. Gould, R. W., Jr. Penta, B. Teague, W. J. DeRada, S. Chavez, F. P. Arnone, R. A. TI Water mass bio-optical properties in the Monterey Bay region: Fluorescence-based inference of shifts in phytoplankton photophysiology SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL CALIFORNIA; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; NORTH PACIFIC; ABSORPTION-COEFFICIENTS; NATURAL PHYTOPLANKTON; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; LIGHT-ABSORPTION; SKILL ASSESSMENT; COASTAL WATERS; IN-SITU AB A physical and bio-optical field survey of the Monterey Bay area was conducted during May-June 2008. The combined bio-optical and physical data may be summarized as a transition between two end-member states during the late spring to summer upwelling season: (1) the mesotrophic, nanoflagellate-dominated, low-salinity surface waters (chlorophyll-a similar to 0.5-2 mg m(-3); S < 33.4) of the California Current and (2) the eutrophic, diatomaceous, higher salinity surface waters (chlorophyll-a > 2 mg m(-3); S > 33.8) of Monterey Bay and adjacent continental shelf areas. High-resolution and collocated spectrophotometric, fluorometric and CTD data obtained from a towed platform indicated low-salinity subarctic-origin surface waters intruded into Monterey Bay on 4 June. The dark in vivo fluorometry (IVF) phytoplankton response normalized to particle absorption at 676 nm (the apparent fluorescence efficiency, AFE) was nearly fourfold larger in this water mass type compared to higher salinity surface waters more typical of Monterey Bay. The collocated fluorescence and optical data were then used to estimate in situ irradiance values and determine apparent light saturation intensities (I'(k)) based on the remarkably consistent AFE water column inflection points. I'(k) values retrieved from the low-salinity surface waters were approximately half those obtained over the continental shelf. An analysis of concomitant HPLC data, in addition to historical data for the region, suggest these observed fluorescence trends may be indicative of taxon-specific variation in photophysiology. Specifically, the subarctic water mass-associated pelagic nanoflagellate group likely possesses a fundamentally different photosynthetic architecture than large diatoms prototypical of coastal upwelling regimes. C1 [Jolliff, J. K.; Gould, R. W., Jr.; Penta, B.; Teague, W. J.; DeRada, S.; Arnone, R. A.] USN, Ocean Sci Branch, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Chavez, F. P.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. RP Jolliff, JK (reprint author), USN, Ocean Sci Branch, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM jason.jolliff@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) project [0602435N]; NRL "Bio-Optical Studies of Predictability and Assimilation for the Coastal Environment" (BIOSPACE) program; Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) FX This work is supported by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) project "Resolving Bio-Optical Feedbacks to Ocean/Atmosphere Dynamics," program element 0602435N and the NRL "Bio-Optical Studies of Predictability and Assimilation for the Coastal Environment" (BIOSPACE) program performed in collaboration with the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI). The authors thank Robert Helber, Andrew Quaid, Wesley Goode, Reiko Michisaki, Stephanie Anderson, Igor Shulman, Mark Hulbert, Marguerite Blum, and the crew of the R/V Point Sur. The authors also thank two anonymous reviewers and Grace Chang for helpful comments that improved the original manuscript. NR 86 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUL 26 PY 2012 VL 117 AR C07019 DI 10.1029/2011JC007568 PG 16 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 980RF UT WOS:000306910000001 ER PT J AU Pankavich, SD Ortoleva, PJ AF Pankavich, Stephen D. Ortoleva, Peter J. TI Nanosystem Self-Assembly Pathways Discovered via All-Atom Multiscale Analysis SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID FOKKER-PLANCK EQUATION; NONEQUILIBRIUM BATH; LIOUVILLE EQUATION; BROWNIAN PARTICLE; CONDENSED MEDIA; VIRUS; DYNAMICS; SIMULATION; STABILITY; TRANSPORT AB We consider the self assembly of composite structures from a group of nanocomponents, each consisting of particles within an N-atom system. Self assembly pathways and rates for nanocomposites are derived via a multiscale analysis of the classical Liouville equation. From a reduced statistical framework, rigorous stochastic equations for population levels of beginning, intermediate, and final aggregates are also derived. It is shown that the definition of an assembly type is a self consistency criterion that must strike a balance between precision and the need for population levels to be slowly varying relative to the time scale of atomic motion. The deductive multiscale approach is complemented by a qualitative notion of multicomponent association and the ensemble of exact atomic level configurations consistent with them. In processes such as viral self assembly from proteins and RNA or DNA, there are many possible intermediates, so that it is usually difficult to predict the most efficient assembly pathway. However, in the current study, rates of assembly of each possible intermediate can be predicted. This avoids the need, as in a phenomenological approach, for recalibration with each new application. The method accounts for the feedback across scales in space and time that is fundamental to nanosystem self assembly The theory has applications to bionanostructures, geomaterials, engineered composites, and nanocapsule therapeutic delivery systems. C1 [Pankavich, Stephen D.] USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Ortoleva, Peter J.] Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Cell & Virus Theory, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Pankavich, SD (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM pankavic@usna.edu FU United States Naval Academy under a NARC; National Science Foundation [DMS-098413]; National Science Foundation (Collaborative Research in Chemistry program), National Institute of Health (NIBIB), Department Of Energy (Office of Basic Science), METAcyt; Indiana University College of Arts and Sciences through the Center for Cell and Virus Theory FX The first author appreciates support from the United States Naval Academy under a NARC grant and the National Science Foundation under grant number DMS-098413. The second author was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (Collaborative Research in Chemistry program), National Institute of Health (NIBIB), Department Of Energy (Office of Basic Science), METAcyt, and the Indiana University College of Arts and Sciences through the Center for Cell and Virus Theory. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 26 PY 2012 VL 116 IS 29 SI SI BP 8355 EP 8362 DI 10.1021/jp210407e PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 978ET UT WOS:000306724100004 PM 22372746 ER PT J AU Bowen, AM Motala, MJ Lucas, JM Gupta, S Baca, AJ Mihi, A Alivisatos, AP Braun, PV Nuzzo, RG AF Bowen, Audrey M. Motala, Michael J. Lucas, J. Matthew Gupta, Sidhartha Baca, Alfred J. Mihi, Agustin Alivisatos, A. Paul Braun, Paul V. Nuzzo, Ralph G. TI Triangular Elastomeric Stamps for Optical Applications: Near-Field Phase Shift Photolithography, 3D Proximity Field Patterning, Embossed Antireflective Coatings, and SERS Sensing SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE polydimethylsiloxane; embossing; proximity field nanopatterning; phase shift lithography; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; antireflective coatings ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; SILICON SOLAR-CELLS; SOFT LITHOGRAPHY; NANOIMPRINT LITHOGRAPHY; 3-DIMENSIONAL NANOSTRUCTURES; PLASMONIC CRYSTALS; SURFACE; FEATURES; FABRICATION; MASK AB The use of a decal transfer lithography technique to fabricate elastomeric stamps with triangular cross-sections, specifically triangular prisms and cones, is described. These stamps are used in demonstrations for several prototypical optical applications, including the fabrication of multiheight 3D photoresist patterns with near zero-width features using near-field phase shift lithography, fabrication of periodic porous polymer structures by maskless proximity field nanopatterning, embossing thin-film antireflection coatings for improved device performance, and efficient fabrication of substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic sensing. The applications illustrate the utility of the triangular poly(dimethylsiloxane) decals for a wide variety of optics-centric applications, particularly those that exploit the ability of the designed geometries and materials combinations to manipulate lightmatter interactions in a predictable and controllable manner. C1 [Bowen, Audrey M.; Motala, Michael J.; Nuzzo, Ralph G.] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Lucas, J. Matthew] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gupta, Sidhartha; Braun, Paul V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Mihi, Agustin] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Baca, Alfred J.] USN, NAVAIR NAWCWD, Res & Intelligence Dept, Chem Branch, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Alivisatos, A. Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bowen, AM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM r-nuzzo@illinois.edu RI Mihi, Agustin/F-6416-2011; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 FU Light-Matter Interactions in Energy Conversion Energy Frontier Research Center (LMI-EFRC), an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001293]; Lee Cambrea; ONR-IAR; Beckman Institute; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER46453, DE-FG02-07ER46471] FX The authors would like to thank Tom Galvin and Prof. J. Gary Eden (ECE, UIUC) for assistance with and use of their laser. A. M. B. and J. M. L. were supported by the Light-Matter Interactions in Energy Conversion Energy Frontier Research Center (LMI-EFRC), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001293. A. J. B. would like to acknowledge Lee Cambrea and the ONR-IAR program for support. A. M. would like to thank the Beckman Institute for support through a postdoctoral fellowship. This work was carried out in part in the Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory Central Facilities, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, which are partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under grants DE-FG02-07ER46453 and DE-FG02-07ER46471. NR 79 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 125 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1616-301X J9 ADV FUNCT MATER JI Adv. Funct. Mater. PD JUL 24 PY 2012 VL 22 IS 14 BP 2927 EP 2938 DI 10.1002/adfm.201102455 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 972XP UT WOS:000306315200003 ER PT J AU Adams, SM Campione, S Caldwell, JD Bezares, FJ Culbertson, JC Capolino, F Ragan, R AF Adams, Sarah M. Campione, Salvatore Caldwell, Joshua D. Bezares, Francisco J. Culbertson, James C. Capolino, Filippo Ragan, Regina TI Non-lithographic SERS Substrates: Tailoring Surface Chemistry for Au Nanoparticle Cluster Assembly SO SMALL LA English DT Article DE self-assembly; surface-enhanced Raman scattering; block copolymers; nanoparticles; colloids ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; RANDOM COPOLYMER BRUSHES; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; BLOCK-COPOLYMER; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; PERIODIC ARRAYS; INTERFACIAL INTERACTIONS; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; COLLOID MONOLAYERS; PLASMON RESONANCE AB Near-field plasmonic coupling and local field enhancement in metal nanoarchitectures, such as arrangements of nanoparticle clusters, have application in many technologies from medical diagnostics, solar cells, to sensors. Although nanoparticle-based cluster assemblies have exhibited signal enhancements in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors, it is challenging to achieve high reproducibility in SERS response using low-cost fabrication methods. Here an innovative method is developed for fabricating self-organized clusters of metal nanoparticles on diblock copolymer thin films as SERS-active structures. Monodisperse, colloidal gold nanoparticles are attached via a crosslinking reaction on self-organized chemically functionalized poly(methyl methacrylate) domains on polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) templates. Thereby nanoparticle clusters with sub-10-nanometer interparticle spacing are achieved. Varying the molar concentration of functional chemical groups and crosslinking agent during the assembly process is found to affect the agglomeration of Au nanoparticles into clusters. Samples with a high surface coverage of nanoparticle cluster assemblies yield relative enhancement factors on the order of 109 while simultaneously producing uniform signal enhancements in point-to-point measurements across each sample. High enhancement factors are associated with the narrow gap between nanoparticles assembled in clusters in full-wave electromagnetic simulations. Reusability for small-molecule detection is also demonstrated. Thus it is shown that the combination of high signal enhancement and reproducibility is achievable using a completely non-lithographic fabrication process, thereby producing SERS substrates having high performance at low cost. C1 [Adams, Sarah M.; Ragan, Regina] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Campione, Salvatore; Capolino, Filippo] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Caldwell, Joshua D.; Bezares, Francisco J.; Culbertson, James C.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ragan, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM rragan@uci.edu RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; Campione, Salvatore/A-2349-2015 OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Campione, Salvatore/0000-0003-4655-5485 FU National Science Foundation [CHE-0748912, CMMI- 1101074] FX The authors acknowledge the National Science Foundation CHE-0748912 and CMMI- 1101074 for funding this work. The authors acknowledge the use of the facilities within the Carl Zeiss Center of Excellence at the University of California, Irvine and the DeltaNu Raman system at Howard University. The authors also thank Ansys for providing HFSS that was instrumental in this work. NR 71 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 6 U2 160 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1613-6810 EI 1613-6829 J9 SMALL JI Small PD JUL 23 PY 2012 VL 8 IS 14 BP 2239 EP 2249 DI 10.1002/smll.201102708 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 973LX UT WOS:000306362700015 PM 22528745 ER PT J AU Manzur, T Zeller, J Serati, S AF Manzur, Tariq Zeller, John Serati, Steve TI Optical correlator based target detection, recognition, classification, and tracking SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID FILTERS AB A dedicated automatic target recognition and tracking optical correlator (OC) system using advanced processing technology has been developed. Rapidly cycling data-cubes with size, shape, and orientation are employed with software algorithms to isolate correlation peaks and enable tracking of targets in maritime environments with future track prediction. The method has been found superior to employing maximum average correlation height filters for which the correlation peak intensity drops off in proportion to the number of training images. The physical dimensions of the OC system may be reduced to as small as 2 in: x 2 in: x 3 in: (51 mm x 51 mm x 76 mm) by modifying and minimizing the OC components. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Manzur, Tariq; Zeller, John] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Serati, Steve] Boulder Nonlinear Syst Inc, Lafayette, CO 80026 USA. RP Manzur, T (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM tariq.manzur@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research University/Laboratory Initiative program [N00014-05-1-0346] FX This work at NUWC was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research University/Laboratory Initiative program, Contract No. N00014-05-1-0346. NR 21 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 20 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 21 BP 4976 EP 4983 DI 10.1364/AO.51.004976 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 977LI UT WOS:000306661800007 PM 22858935 ER PT J AU Zhang, XD Gray, DJ Huot, Y You, Y Bi, L AF Zhang, Xiaodong Gray, Deric J. Huot, Yannick You, Yu Bi, Lei TI Comparison of optically derived particle size distributions: scattering over the full angular range versus diffraction at near forward angles SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID HOMOGENEOUS PHYTOPLANKTON POPULATIONS; MARINE SUBMICRON PARTICLES; BOTTOM BOUNDARY-LAYER; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; SUSPENDED PARTICLES; LIGHT-SCATTERING; CELL-SIZE; ABSORPTION-COEFFICIENT; BACKSCATTERING RATIO; BEAM ATTENUATION AB The volume scattering function (VSF) of particles in water depends on the particles' size distribution and composition as well as their shape and internal structure. Inversion of the VSF thus provides information about the particle population. The commercially available LISST instrument measures the scattering at near forward angles to estimate the bulk size distribution of particles larger than about 1 mu m. By using scattering over the full angular range (0 degrees-180 degrees), the recently improved VSF-inversion method [X. Zhang, M. Twardowski, and M. Lewis, Appl. Opt. 50, 1240 (2011).] can characterize particles in terms of particle subpopulations, which are described by their unique size distribution and composition. Concurrent deployments of the Multispectral Volume Scattering Meter and the LISST in three coastal waters (i.e., Chesapeake Bay, Mobile Bay, and Monterey Bay) allowed us to compare the size distributions derived from these two different methods. We also obtained indirect validation of the results for submicrometer particles and for the composition of particles provided by the VSF-inversion method. For particle sizes ranging from 1 to 100 mu m, the concentration was shown to vary over 10 orders of magnitude, and excellent agreement was found between the two methods with a mean relative difference less than 10% for the total size distributions. The inversion results also reproduced spectral variations in the shape of the VSF, although these spectral variations were not frequently observed in our study. The increased backscattering towards the shorter wavelengths was explained by the stronger influence of submicrometer particles affecting the backscattering. Based on published measurements of cell sizes and intracellular chlorophyll-a [Chl] concentrations over a wide range of phytoplankton species and strains, [Chl] was estimated for the inverted subpopulations that were identified as phytoplankton based on their refractive index and mean sizes. The estimated [Chl] agreed well with the fluorescence-based estimates in both magnitude and trend, thus reproducing a bloom event observed at a time series station. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Zhang, Xiaodong] Univ N Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Gray, Deric J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Huot, Yannick] Univ Sherbrooke, Ctr Applicat & Rech Teledetect, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. [You, Yu] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bi, Lei] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Zhang, XD (reprint author), Univ N Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM zhang@aero.und.edu RI Huot, Yannick/B-4497-2008; Bi, Lei/B-9242-2011 OI Huot, Yannick/0000-0003-1793-761X; FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was partially supported by the Office of Naval Research. We would like to thank Bill Snyder, whose project supported this work and who tirelessly labored to organize the field experiments. The chlorophyll fluorescence data were provided by W. Joe Rhea. We thank Dr. Michael Twardowski for his comments and suggestions that have helped us in carrying out this study. NR 89 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 20 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 21 BP 5085 EP 5099 DI 10.1364/AO.51.005085 PG 15 WC Optics SC Optics GA 977LI UT WOS:000306661800020 PM 22858949 ER PT J AU Rakowski, CE Laming, JM AF Rakowski, Cara E. Laming, J. Martin TI ON THE ORIGIN OF THE SLOW SPEED SOLAR WIND: HELIUM ABUNDANCE VARIATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: abundances; Sun: chromosphere; turbulence; waves ID POLAR CORONAL HOLES; NON-WKB MODELS; ALFVEN WAVES; TRANSITION REGION; ACTIVE-REGION; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; ULYSSES OBSERVATIONS; QUIET SUN; CHROMOSPHERE; LOOPS AB The first ionization potential (FIP) effect is the by now well-known enhancement in abundance over photospheric values of Fe and other elements with FIP below about 10 eV observed in the solar corona and slow speed solar wind. In our model, this fractionation is achieved by means of the ponderomotive force, arising as Alfven waves propagate through or reflect from steep density gradients in the solar chromosphere. This is also the region where low FIP elements are ionized, and high FIP elements are largely neutral leading to the fractionation as ions interact with the waves but neutrals do not. Helium, the element with the highest FIP and consequently the last to remain neutral as one moves upward, can be depleted in such models. Here, we investigate this depletion for varying loop lengths and magnetic field strengths. Variations in this depletion arise as the concentration of the ponderomotive force at the top of the chromosphere varies in response to Alfven wave frequency with respect to the resonant frequency of the overlying coronal loop, the magnetic field, and possibly also the loop length. We find that stronger depletions of He are obtained for weaker magnetic field, at frequencies close to or just above the loop resonance. These results may have relevance to observed variations of the slow wind solar He abundance with wind speed, with slower slow speed solar wind having a stronger depletion of He. C1 [Rakowski, Cara E.; Laming, J. Martin] USN, Res Lab Code 7674L, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rakowski, CE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab Code 7674L, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU NASA [NNH10A055I, NNH11AQ23I]; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by NASA Contracts NNH10A055I, NNH11AQ23I, and by basic research funds of the Office of Naval Research. We are grateful to Dan Moses for a careful reading of the paper. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 13 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2012 VL 754 IS 1 AR 65 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/754/1/65 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 970EV UT WOS:000306111800065 ER PT J AU Helmboldt, JF AF Helmboldt, J. F. TI Insights into the nature of northwest-to-southeast aligned ionospheric wavefronts from contemporaneous Very Large Array and ionosonde observations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MIDLATITUDE F-REGION; FREQUENCY SKY SURVEY; SPORADIC-E LAYER; ELECTRIC-FIELDS; ART.; PERKINS AB The results of contemporaneous summer nighttime observations of midlatitude medium scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) with the Very Large Array (VLA) in New Mexico and nearby ionosondes in Texas and Colorado are presented. Using 132, 20-minute observations, several instances of MSTIDs were detected, all having wavefronts aligned northwest to southeast and mostly propagating toward the southwest, consistent with previous studies of MSTIDs. However, some were also found to move toward the northeast. It was found that both classes of MSTIDs were only found when sporadic-E (E-s) layers of moderate peak density (1.5 < foEs < 3 MHz) were present. Limited fbEs data from one ionosonde suggests that there was a significant amount of structure within the E-s layers during observations when foEs > 3 MHz that was not present when 1.5 < foEs < 3 MHz. No MSTIDs were observed either before midnight or when the F-region height was increasing at a relatively high rate, even when these E-s layers were observed. Combining this result with AE indices which were relatively high at the time (an average of about 300 nT and maximum of nearly 700 nT), it is inferred that both the lack of MSTIDs and the increase in F-region height are due to substorm-induced electric fields. The northeastward-directed MSTIDs were strongest post-midnight during times when the F-region was observed to be collapsing relatively quickly. This implies that these two occurrences are related and likely both caused by rare shifts in F-region neutral wind direction from southwest to northwest. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Helmboldt, JF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7213,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joe.helmboldt@nrl.navy.mil RI Helmboldt, Joseph/C-8105-2012 FU [6.1] FX Basic research in astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 base funding. The VLA is operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. The author is grateful to the UK Solar System Data Centre from which the ionosondes data was obtained and the World Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto for providing AE indices. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 17 PY 2012 VL 117 AR A07310 DI 10.1029/2012JA017802 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 977YI UT WOS:000306701100002 ER PT J AU Kim, BJ Lee, C Mastro, MA Hite, JK Eddy, CR Ren, F Pearton, SJ Kim, J AF Kim, Byung-Jae Lee, Chongmin Mastro, Michael A. Hite, Jennifer K. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Ren, Fan Pearton, Stephen J. Kim, Jihyun TI Buried graphene electrodes on GaN-based ultra-violet light-emitting diodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FEW-LAYER GRAPHENE; SINGLE-LAYER; SOLAR-CELLS; TRANSPARENT; FILMS AB We report that the oxidation of graphene-based highly transparent conductive layers to AlGaN/GaN/AlGaN ultra-violet (UV) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) was suppressed by the use of SiNX passivation layers. Although graphene is considered to be an ideal candidate as the transparent conductive layer to UV-LEDs, oxidation of these layers at high operating temperatures has been an issue. The oxidation is initiated at the un-saturated carbon atoms at the edges of the graphene and reduces the UV light intensity and degrades the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics. The oxidation also can occur at defects, including vacancies. However, GaN-based UV-LEDs deposited with SiNX by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition showed minimal degradation of light output intensity and I-V characteristics because the graphene-based UV transparent conductive layers were shielded from the oxygen molecules. This is a simple and effective approach for maintaining the advantages of graphene conducting layers as electrodes on UV-LEDs. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4733981] C1 [Kim, Byung-Jae; Lee, Chongmin; Kim, Jihyun] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea. [Mastro, Michael A.; Hite, Jennifer K.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ren, Fan] Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Pearton, Stephen J.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea. EM hyunhyun7@korea.ac.kr RI Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013; Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 FU National Research Foundation of Korea [2011-0004270]; Center for Inorganic Photovoltaic Materials [2012-0001171]; Korea government (MEST); Korea University; LG Innotek-Korea University; Office of Naval Research; DTRA; NSF FX The research at Korea University was supported by Basic Science Research Program (2011-0004270) through the National Research Foundation of Korea and the Center for Inorganic Photovoltaic Materials (No. 2012-0001171) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST), Korea University Grant and LG Innotek-Korea University Nano-Photonics Program. The research at the US Naval Research Lab was partially supported by the Office of Naval Research. The work at UF was partially supported by DTRA and NSF. NR 18 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 57 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 16 PY 2012 VL 101 IS 3 AR 031108 DI 10.1063/1.4733981 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 978NC UT WOS:000306748000008 ER PT J AU Boyer, LL Mehl, MJ AF Boyer, L. L. Mehl, M. J. TI Application of partition density-functional theory to one-dimensional models SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article AB We have carried out calculations for one-dimensional model systems using the self-consistency algorithm of the recently published partition density-functional theory. The issues of uniqueness of occupation numbers and a relation to the self-consistent atomic deformation model are addressed. Possibilities for obtaining more accurate representations of the kinetic-energy functional and its potential are discussed. C1 [Mehl, M. J.] USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Boyer, L. L.] George Mason Univ, Dept Computat & Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Mehl, MJ (reprint author), USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.mehl@nrl.navy.mil RI Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016 NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL 16 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 1 AR 012504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.86.012504 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 974CO UT WOS:000306407600007 ER PT J AU Huang, MX Nichols, S Robb, A Angeles, A Drake, A Holland, M Asmussen, S D'Andrea, J Chun, W Levy, M Cui, L Song, T Baker, DG Hammer, P McLay, R Theilmann, RJ Coimbra, R Diwakar, M Boyd, C Neff, J Liu, TT Webb-Murphy, J Farinpour, R Cheung, C Harrington, DL Heister, D Lee, RR AF Huang, Ming-Xiong Nichols, Sharon Robb, Ashley Angeles, Annemarie Drake, Angela Holland, Martin Asmussen, Sarah D'Andrea, John Chun, Won Levy, Michael Cui, Li Song, Tao Baker, Dewleen G. Hammer, Paul McLay, Robert Theilmann, Rebecca J. Coimbra, Raul Diwakar, Mithun Boyd, Cynthia Neff, John Liu, Thomas T. Webb-Murphy, Jennifer Farinpour, Roxanna Cheung, Catherine Harrington, Deborah L. Heister, David Lee, Roland R. TI An automatic MEG low-frequency source imaging approach for detecting injuries in mild and moderate TBI patients with blast and non-blast causes SO NEUROIMAGE LA English DT Article DE Magnetoencephalography; Traumatic brain injury; Slow-wave; Blast; Motor vehicle accident; Sport injury ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY; SIGNAL SPACE SEPARATION; WHITE-MATTER INJURY; SLOW-WAVE ACTIVITY; MINOR HEAD-INJURY; DELTA WAVES; POSTCONCUSSIVE SYNDROME; SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; CLINICAL MANAGEMENT AB Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of sustained impairment in military and civilian populations. However, mild (and some moderate) TBI can be difficult to diagnose because the injuries are often not detectable on conventional MRI or CT. Injured brain tissues in TBI patients generate abnormal low-frequency magnetic activity (ALFMA, peaked at 1-4 Hz) that can be measured and localized by magnetoencephalography (MEG). We developed a new automated MEG low-frequency source imaging method and applied this method in 45 mild TB! (23 from combat-related blasts, and 22 from non-blast causes) and 10 moderate TBI patients (non-blast causes). Seventeen of the patients with mild TBI from blasts had tertiary injuries resulting from the blast. The results show our method detected abnormalities at the rates of 87% for the mild TBI group (blast-induced plus non-blast causes) and 100% for the moderate group. Among the mild TBI patients, the rates of abnormalities were 96% and 77% for the blast and non-blast TBI groups, respectively. The spatial characteristics of abnormal slow-wave generation measured by Z scores in the mild blast TBI group significantly correlated with those in non-blast mild TBI group. Among 96 cortical regions, the likelihood of abnormal slow-wave generation was less in the mild TBI patients with blast than in the mild non-blast TBI patients, suggesting possible protective effects due to the military helmet and armor. Finally, the number of cortical regions that generated abnormal slow-waves correlated significantly with the total post-concussive symptom scores in TBI patients. This study provides a foundation for using MEG low-frequency source imaging to support the clinical diagnosis of TBI. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Huang, Ming-Xiong] Univ Calif San Diego, Radiol Imaging Lab, Dept Radiol, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Huang, Ming-Xiong; Robb, Ashley; Angeles, Annemarie; D'Andrea, John; Chun, Won; Baker, Dewleen G.; Harrington, Deborah L.; Lee, Roland R.] VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, Serv Radiol, San Diego, CA USA. [Huang, Ming-Xiong; Robb, Ashley; Angeles, Annemarie; D'Andrea, John; Chun, Won; Baker, Dewleen G.; Harrington, Deborah L.; Lee, Roland R.] VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, San Diego, CA USA. [Huang, Ming-Xiong; Robb, Ashley; Angeles, Annemarie; D'Andrea, John; Chun, Won; Baker, Dewleen G.; Harrington, Deborah L.; Lee, Roland R.] VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, Rehab Serv, San Diego, CA USA. [Huang, Ming-Xiong; Robb, Ashley; Angeles, Annemarie; D'Andrea, John; Chun, Won; Baker, Dewleen G.; Harrington, Deborah L.; Lee, Roland R.] VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, Psychiat Serv, San Diego, CA USA. [Nichols, Sharon] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Drake, Angela; Holland, Martin; Asmussen, Sarah; McLay, Robert; Boyd, Cynthia; Neff, John; Farinpour, Roxanna; Cheung, Catherine] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Levy, Michael] Univ Calif San Diego, Rady Childrens Hosp San Diego, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Baker, Dewleen G.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Hammer, Paul] Def Ctr Excellence Psychol Hlth, Arlington, VA USA. [Hammer, Paul] Def Ctr Traumat Brain Injury, Arlington, VA USA. [Coimbra, Raul] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Surg, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Webb-Murphy, Jennifer] USN, Ctr Combat & Operat Stress Control, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Huang, MX (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Radiol Imaging Lab, Dept Radiol, 3510 Dunhill St, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. EM mxhuang@ucsd.edu FU Department of Veterans Affairs; National Football League; McDonnell Foundation via the Brain Trauma Foundation FX This work was supported in part by Merit Review Grants from the Department of Veterans Affairs (two for M.X. Huang, one R.R. Lee), National Football League (M.X. Huang and R.R. Lee), and McDonnell Foundation via the Brain Trauma Foundation (PI: J. Ghajar, site PIs: R.R. Lee and M.X. Huang). We would like to thank Angelica Dilay, Susan Yoder, Richard Daugherty, and Terry Curry (RN) for their efforts in recruiting TBI patients, and Dr. J. Chris Edgar for helpful suggestions to the manuscript. We would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers' constructive suggestions that substantially strengthen the present study. NR 89 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1053-8119 J9 NEUROIMAGE JI Neuroimage PD JUL 16 PY 2012 VL 61 IS 4 BP 1067 EP 1082 DI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.04.029 PG 16 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 967PP UT WOS:000305920600034 PM 22542638 ER PT J AU Kress, M Royset, JO Rozen, N AF Kress, M. Royset, J. O. Rozen, N. TI The eye and the fist: Optimizing search and interdiction SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Search theory; surveillance operations; Military operations research ID ANOMALY DETECTION; BAYESIAN SEARCH; SENSOR NETWORK; LOST TARGETS; OPTIMIZATION; INTERCEPTION; OPERATIONS; GAMES; UAVS AB Interdiction operations involving search, identification, and interception of suspected objects are of great interest and high operational importance to military and naval forces as well as nation's coast guards and border patrols. The interdiction scenario discussed in this paper includes an area of interest with multiple neutral and hostile objects moving through this area, and an interdiction force, consisting of an airborne sensor and an intercepting surface vessel or ground vehicle, whose objectives are to search, identify, track, and intercept hostile objects within a given time frame. The main contributions of this paper are addressing both airborne sensor and surface vessel simultaneously, developing a stochastic dynamic-programming model for optimizing their employment, and deriving operational insight. In addition, the search and identification process of the airborne sensor addresses both physical (appearance) and behavioral (movement pattern) signatures of a potentially hostile object. As the model is computationally intractable for real-world scenarios, we propose a simple heuristic policy, which is shown, using a bounding technique, to be quite effective. Based on a numerical case study of maritime interdiction operations, which includes several representative scenarios, we show that the expected number of intercepted hostile objects, following the heuristic decision policy, is at least 60% of the number of hostile objects intercepted following an optimal decision policy. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kress, M.; Royset, J. O.; Rozen, N.] USN, Dept Operat Res, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Royset, JO (reprint author), USN, Dept Operat Res, Postgrad Sch, 1411 Cunningham Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM joroyset@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX The first two authors acknowledge financial support from the Office of Naval Research. The authors are thankful for invaluable advice regarding maritime interdiction operations from several active-duty and retired naval officers. We especially thank CDR E. Lednicky, CAPT J. Kline (Ret.), LCDR D. Bessman, and LT P. Gift as well as personnel at Joint Interagency Task Force South. Opinions and statements expressed in this paper, however, are solely those of the authors. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-2217 EI 1872-6860 J9 EUR J OPER RES JI Eur. J. Oper. Res. PD JUL 16 PY 2012 VL 220 IS 2 BP 550 EP 558 DI 10.1016/j.ejor.2012.02.016 PG 9 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 930NM UT WOS:000303146100027 ER PT J AU Harris, JR Lewellen, JW Poole, BR AF Harris, J. R. Lewellen, J. W. Poole, B. R. TI Transverse-longitudinal correlations in electron guns SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FLOW PIERCE GUNS; EMITTANCE COMPENSATION; RF PHOTOINJECTORS; PERTURBED FLOW; INTENSE BEAMS; TOLERANCES AB When a modulated beam is produced in a DC electron gun, the time-dependent space charge force and the time-independent focusing force produce a correlation between current, position along the beam, and the beam's radius and divergence. This has implications for beam extraction and downstream beam transport. Here, we simulate an electrostatically-focused DC electron gun to study this correlation. Beam radius and divergence at the anode are found to be approximately linear functions of beam current, and the consequences for beam loss and extraction are considered. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4739296] C1 [Harris, J. R.; Lewellen, J. W.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Poole, B. R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Harris, JR (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jrharris@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research. TRAK simulations were performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 112 IS 2 AR 023304 DI 10.1063/1.4739296 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 000XQ UT WOS:000308424500022 ER PT J AU Seelig, AD Jacobson, IG Smith, B Hooper, TI Gackstetter, GD Ryan, MAK Wells, TS Wadsworth, SM Smith, TC AF Seelig, Amber D. Jacobson, Isabel G. Smith, Besa Hooper, Tomoko I. Gackstetter, Gary D. Ryan, Margaret A. K. Wells, Timothy S. Wadsworth, Shelley MacDermid Smith, Tyler C. CA Millennium Cohort Study Team TI Prospective Evaluation of Mental Health and Deployment Experience Among Women in the US Military SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anxiety disorders; depression; military personnel; panic disorder; stress disorders; post-traumatic; women ID UK ARMED-FORCES; MILLENNIUM COHORT; ALCOHOL-USE; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; COMBAT DEPLOYMENT; SLEEP DISTURBANCE; SERVICE MEMBERS; SOCIAL SUPPORT; PRIMARY-CARE; FOLLOW-UP AB Previous research has shown that military women often experience potentially severe health outcomes following deployment. Data from the Millennium Cohort Study, a 21-year longitudinal study examining the health effects of military service, were used to examine this issue. In longitudinal analyses (20012008) carried out among US military women (n 17,481), the authors examined positive screens for depression, anxiety, panic, and posttraumatic stress disorder in relation to deployment in support of the operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, while adjusting for relevant baseline and time-varying covariates. Women who were deployed and reported combat-related exposures had greater odds than nondeployed women of reporting symptoms of a mental health condition (odds ratio 1.91, 95 confidence interval: 1.65, 2.20), after adjustment for demographic, military, and behavioral covariates. In addition, higher stress, problem drinking, and a history of mental illness were significantly associated with increased risk of later mental health conditions. In contrast, women in the Reserves or National Guard and those with higher education were at decreased risk of mental health conditions (all P s 0.01). As the roles and responsibilities of women in the military expand and deployments continue, designing better prevention and recovery strategies specifically for women are critical for overall force health protection and readiness. C1 [Seelig, Amber D.; Jacobson, Isabel G.; Smith, Besa; Wells, Timothy S.; Smith, Tyler C.] USN, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Hooper, Tomoko I.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Gackstetter, Gary D.] Analyt Serv Inc, Arlington, VA USA. [Ryan, Margaret A. K.] USN, Hosp Camp Pendleton, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. [Wadsworth, Shelley MacDermid] Purdue Univ, Human Dev & Family Studies Dept, Mil Family Res Inst, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Seelig, AD (reprint author), USN, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM amber.seelig@med.navy.mil RI MacDermid Wadsworth, Shelley/G-1322-2011 OI MacDermid Wadsworth, Shelley/0000-0002-5443-2760 FU Military Operational Medicine Research Program of the US Army Medical Research; Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland; Department of Defense FX This work was supported by the Military Operational Medicine Research Program of the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland.; This article represents report 11-23, supported by the Department of Defense under work unit 60002. The research was conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (protocol NHRC.2000.0007). The article is approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 176 IS 2 BP 135 EP 145 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr496 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 974CD UT WOS:000306406500008 PM 22771728 ER PT J AU Lucca, JJD Chavko, M Dubick, MA Adeeb, S Falabella, MJ Slack, JL McCarron, R Li, YS AF Lucca, Jurandir J. Dalle Chavko, Mikulas Dubick, Michael A. Adeeb, Saleena Falabella, Michael J. Slack, Jessica L. McCarron, Richard Li, Yansong TI Blast-induced moderate neurotrauma (BINT) elicits early complement activation and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) release in a rat brain SO JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Blast overpressure; Blast-induced neurotrauma; Complement activation; Edema; Inflammatory cytokine; Leukocyte infiltration ID INJURY-INDUCED NEUROTRAUMA; MEMBRANE ATTACK; OVERPRESSURE; EXPRESSION; CONTUSION; INCREASE; TRAUMA; SYSTEM; EDEMA; CELLS AB Blast-induced neurotrauma (BINT) is a major medical concern yet its etiology is largely undefined. Complement activation may play a role in the development of secondary injury following traumatic brain injury; however, its role in BINT is still undefined. The present study was designed to characterize the complement system and adaptive immune-inflammatory responses in a rat model of moderate BINT. Anesthetized rats were exposed to a moderate blast (120 kPa) using an air-driven shock tube. Brain tissue injury, systemic and local complement, cerebral edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and pro-inflammatory cytokine production were measured at 0.5, 3, 48, 72, 120, and 168 h. Injury to brain tissue was evaluated by histological evaluation. Systemic complement was measured via ELSIA. The remaining measurements were determined by immunohistoflourescent staining. Moderate blast triggers moderate brain injuries, elevated levels of local brain C3/C5b-9 and systemic C5b-9, increased leukocyte infiltration, unregulated tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), and aquaporin-4 in rat brain cortex at 3- and 48-hour post blast. Early immune-inflammatory response to BINT involves complement and TNF alpha, which correlates with hippocampus and cerebral cortex damage. Complement and TNF alpha activation may be a novel therapeutic target for reducing the damaging effects of BINT inflammation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lucca, Jurandir J. Dalle; Dubick, Michael A.; Falabella, Michael J.; Slack, Jessica L.; Li, Yansong] USA, Inst Surg Res, Immunomodulat Trauma Program, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Chavko, Mikulas; Adeeb, Saleena; McCarron, Richard] USN, Dept Trauma & Resuscitat Med, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Lucca, JJD (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Immunomodulat Trauma Program, 3650 Chambers Pass,BHT2,Bldg 3610, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Jurandir.dallelucca@us.army.mil FU Defense Medical Research and Development Program (DMRDP); US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Combat Casualty Care Research Program; Office of Naval Research FX This study was funded by the Defense Medical Research and Development Program (DMRDP) and US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Combat Casualty Care Research Program and the Office of Naval Research. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-510X J9 J NEUROL SCI JI J. Neurol. Sci. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 318 IS 1-2 BP 146 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.jns.2012.02.002 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 964BK UT WOS:000305668500025 ER PT J AU Abraham, A Ilott, AJ Miller, J Gullion, T AF Abraham, Anuji Ilott, Andrew J. Miller, Joel Gullion, Terry TI H-1 MAS NMR Study of Cysteine-Coated Gold Nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER; AU(111); ADSORPTION; SOLIDS; ENERGY AB H-1 MAS NMR experiments were performed on gold nanoparticles coated with L-cysteine. The experiments show that L-cysteine molecules are zwitterions and support a structural model of cysteine forming two layers. The inner layer is composed of cysteine molecules chemisorbed to the gold surface via the sulfur atom. The outer layer interacts with the chemisorbed layer. The H-1 NMR suggests that the cysteine in the outer layer exhibits large amplitude motion about specific carbon-carbon bonds. C1 [Abraham, Anuji; Gullion, Terry] W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Ilott, Andrew J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Miller, Joel] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gullion, T (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. FU National Science Foundation [CHE-0846583] FX This work was supported by Grant CHE-0846583 from the National Science Foundation. We thank Dr. Novruz Akhmedov for taking solution spectra during the course of this work. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 12 PY 2012 VL 116 IS 27 BP 7771 EP 7775 DI 10.1021/jp3011298 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 972GB UT WOS:000306264200001 PM 22708845 ER PT J AU Johnson, CA Kleshchenko, YY Ikejiani, AO Udoko, AN Cardenas, TC Pratap, S Duquette, MA Lima, MF Lawler, J Villalta, F Nde, PN AF Johnson, Candice A. Kleshchenko, Yulia Y. Ikejiani, Adaeze O. Udoko, Aniekanabasi N. Cardenas, Tatiana C. Pratap, Siddharth Duquette, Mark A. Lima, Maria F. Lawler, Jack Villalta, Fernando Nde, Pius N. TI Thrombospondin-1 Interacts with Trypanosoma cruzi Surface Calreticulin to Enhance Cellular Infection SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN GALECTIN-3; CHAGAS-DISEASE; PROTEIN; BINDING; ADHESION; DOMAIN; RECEPTOR; CELLS; GENE; IDENTIFICATION AB Trypanosoma cruzi causes Chagas disease, which is a neglected tropical disease that produces severe pathology and mortality. The mechanisms by which the parasite invades cells are not well elucidated. We recently reported that T. cruzi up-regulates the expression of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) to enhance the process of cellular invasion. Here we characterize a novel TSP-1 interaction with T. cruzi that enhances cellular infection. We show that labeled TSP-1 interacts specifically with the surface of T. cruzi trypomastigotes. We used TSP-1 to pull down interacting parasite surface proteins that were identified by mass spectrometry. We also show that full length TSP-1 and the N-terminal domain of TSP-1 (NTSP) interact with T. cruzi surface calreticulin (TcCRT) and other surface proteins. Pre-exposure of recombinant NTSP or TSP-1 to T. cruzi significantly enhances cellular infection of wild type mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEF) compared to the C-terminal domain of TSP-1, E3T3C1. In addition, blocking TcCRT with antibodies significantly inhibits the enhancement of cellular infection mediated by the TcCRT-TSP-1 interaction. Taken together, our findings indicate that TSP-1 interacts with TcCRT on the surface of T. cruzi through the NTSP domain and that this interaction enhances cellular infection. Thus surface TcCRT is a virulent factor that enhances the pathogenesis of T. cruzi infection through TSP-1, which is up-regulated by the parasite. C1 [Johnson, Candice A.; Ikejiani, Adaeze O.; Udoko, Aniekanabasi N.; Cardenas, Tatiana C.; Pratap, Siddharth; Lima, Maria F.; Villalta, Fernando; Nde, Pius N.] Meharry Med Coll, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. [Kleshchenko, Yulia Y.] USN, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Duquette, Mark A.; Lawler, Jack] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Johnson, CA (reprint author), Meharry Med Coll, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. EM pnde@mmc.edu OI Pratap, Siddharth/0000-0003-2200-0848 FU National Institutes of Health [SC2AI083925, 5 U54 RR026140-03, AI080580, GM05999, G12RR003032]; [5T32 AI007281-23] FX The work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of Health Grants SC2AI083925 and 5 U54 RR026140-03 (to PNN), AI080580 (to FV), GM05999 (to MFL), and G12RR003032 (to SP). CAJ and TCC are NIH fellows supported by grant 5T32 AI007281-23. No additional external funding received for this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 11 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 7 AR e40614 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0040614 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 973LU UT WOS:000306362400084 PM 22808206 ER PT J AU Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Alekseev, I Alford, J Anderson, BD Anson, CD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Beavis, DR Behera, NK Bellwied, R Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bridgeman, A Brovko, SG Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Chen, L Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Chung, P Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Cui, X Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Estienne, M Eun, L Evdokimov, O Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Geurts, F Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, OG Grosnick, D Gupta, A Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hajkova, O Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Huang, B Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jena, C Jin, F Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kizka, V Klein, SR Knospe, AG Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Koroleva, L Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Krus, M Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, L Li, N Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lima, LM Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, J Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Lu, Y Lukashov, EV Luo, X Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mitrovski, MK Mohammed, Y Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Mustafa, MK Naglis, M Nandi, BK Nayak, TK Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Oliveira, RAN Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pei, H Peitzmann, T Perkins, C Peryt, W Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Powell, CB Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Qiu, H Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Redwine, R Reed, R Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ruan, L Rusnak, J Sahoo, NR Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schaub, J Schmah, AM Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, B Sharma, M Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P de Souza, UG Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Steadman, SG Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Witzke, W Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xu, H Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yang, Y Yepes, P Yip, K Yoo, IK Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneeva, Y AF Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anderson, B. D. Anson, C. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Beavis, D. R. Behera, N. K. Bellwied, R. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bridgeman, A. Brovko, S. G. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Chung, P. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Cui, X. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Estienne, M. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Fersch, R. G. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fine, V. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Geurts, F. Ghosh, P. Gorbunov, Y. N. Gordon, A. Grebenyuk, O. G. Grosnick, D. Gupta, A. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hajkova, O. Hamed, A. Han, L-X. Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. Heinz, M. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jena, C. Jin, F. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Kizka, V. Klein, S. R. Knospe, A. G. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Koroleva, L. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kouchpil, V. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Krus, M. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, L. Li, N. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lima, L. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, H. Liu, J. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Lu, Y. Lukashov, E. V. Luo, X. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mitrovski, M. K. Mohammed, Y. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Mustafa, M. K. Naglis, M. Nandi, B. K. Nayak, T. K. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Oliveira, R. A. N. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pei, H. Peitzmann, T. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Powell, C. B. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Sahoo, N. R. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schaub, J. Schmah, A. M. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. R. Seele, J. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, B. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Solanki, D. Sorensen, P. de Souza, U. G. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Steadman, S. G. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Witzke, W. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneeva, Y. CA STAR Collaboration TI Energy and system-size dependence of two- and four-particle nu(2) measurements in heavy-ion collisions at root S-NN=62.4 and 200 GeV and their implications on flow fluctuations and nonflow SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; ELLIPTIC FLOW; ECCENTRICITY FLUCTUATIONS; COLLABORATION; SIGNATURE AB We present STAR measurements of azimuthal anisotropy by means of the two- and four-particle cumulants nu(2) (nu(2){2} and nu(2){4}) for Au + Au and Cu + Cu collisions at center-of-mass energies root S-NN = 62.4 and 200 GeV. The difference between nu(2){2}(2) and nu(2){4}(2) is related to nu(2) fluctuations (sigma(nu 2)) and nonflow (delta(2)). We present an upper limit to sigma(nu 2)/nu 2. Following the assumption that eccentricity fluctuations sigma(epsilon) dominate nu(2) fluctuations nu(2)/sigma nu(2) approximate to epsilon/sigma epsilon we deduce the nonflow implied for several models of eccentricity fluctuations that would be required for consistency with nu(2){2} and nu(2){4}. We also present results on the ratio of nu(2) to eccentricity. C1 [Agakishiev, G.; Alakhverdyants, A. V.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Kizka, V.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Bridgeman, A.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Mitrovski, M. K.; Ogawa, A.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brovko, S. G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Liu, H.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.; Salur, S.; Sangaline, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cendejas, R.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Shah, N.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.; Xu, W.; Zhao, F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Betts, R. R.; Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Kauder, K.; Pei, H.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; McShane, T. S.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Hajkova, O.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Chung, P.; Kapitan, J.; Kouchpil, V.; Rusnak, J.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. [Kollegger, T.; Schuster, T. R.; Stock, R.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. [Jena, C.; Mahapatra, D. P.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Behera, N. K.; Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Stevens, J. R.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Koroleva, L.; Morozov, B.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Alford, J.; Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kumar, L.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Subba, N. L.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Fatemi, R.; Fersch, R. G.; Korsch, W.; Webb, G.; Witzke, W.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Du, C. M.; Qiu, H.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.; Zhan, W.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Naglis, M.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Powell, C. B.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Schmah, A. M.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Corliss, R.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Leight, W.; Milner, R.; Redwine, R.; Seele, J.; Steadman, S. G.; Surrow, B.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Walker, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.; Simon, F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Tarnowsky, T.; Wang, H.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Lukashov, E. V.; Okorokov, V.; Strikhanov, M.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Braidot, E.; Peitzmann, T.] NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Braidot, E.; Peitzmann, T.] Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Anson, C. D.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.; Koralt, I.; Plyku, D.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Eun, L.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Meschanin, A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Kikola, D. P.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Mustafa, M. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Oh, K.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Solanki, D.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Lima, L. M.; Munhoz, M. G.; Oliveira, R. A. N.; de Souza, U. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Cui, X.; Huang, B.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Luo, X.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Li, X.; Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Chen, J. H.; Han, L-X.; Jin, F.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shou, Q. Y.; Tian, J.; Xue, L.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Borowski, W.; Estienne, M.; Kabana, S.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mohammed, Y.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Leyva, A. Davila; Hoffmann, G. W.; Li, L.; Markert, C.; Oldag, E. W.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; De Silva, L. C.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Schaub, J.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Sahoo, N. R.; Singaraju, R. N.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Kisiel, A.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Chen, L.; Ke, H. W.; Li, N.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y. F.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J. B.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Majka, R.; Ohlson, A.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Agakishiev, G (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. RI Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; XIAO, Zhigang/C-3788-2015; Aparecido Negrao de Oliveira, Renato/G-9133-2015; Bruna, Elena/C-4939-2014; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Xue, Liang/F-8077-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014 OI Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Bruna, Elena/0000-0001-5427-1461; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Xue, Liang/0000-0002-2321-9019; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; FU RHIC Operations Group; RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; Offices of NP; US DOE Office of Science; US NSF; BMBF of Germany [CNRS/IN2P3]; RA of France; RPL of France; EMN of France; EPSRC of the United Kingdom; FAPESP of Brazil; Russian Ministry of Science and Technology; Ministry of Education; NNSFC of China; IRP of the Czech Republic; GA of the Czech Republic; FOM of the Netherlands; DAE of the government of India; DST of the government of India; CSIR of the government of India; Swiss NSF; Polish State Committee for Scientific Research; VEGA of Slovakia; Korea Science and Engineering Foundation FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL and the NERSC Center at LBNL for their support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the US DOE Office of Science; the US NSF; the BMBF of Germany; CNRS/IN2P3, RA, RPL, and EMN of France; EPSRC of the United Kingdom; FAPESP of Brazil; the Russian Ministry of Science and Technology; the Ministry of Education and the NNSFC of China; IRP and GA of the Czech Republic, FOM of the Netherlands; DAE, DST, and CSIR of the government of India; Swiss NSF; the Polish State Committee for Scientific Research; VEGA of Slovakia, and the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation. NR 65 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL 11 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 1 AR 014904 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.86.014904 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 972YD UT WOS:000306316700006 ER PT J AU Stanton, TP Shaw, WJ Hutchings, JK AF Stanton, Timothy P. Shaw, William J. Hutchings, Jennifer K. TI Observational study of relationships between incoming radiation, open water fraction, and ocean-to-ice heat flux in the Transpolar Drift: 2002-2010 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SEA-ICE; SHEBA; ALGORITHM; SUMMER AB Ocean/ice interface heat fluxes (F-0) are calculated from upper ocean measurements obtained from autonomous systems repeatedly deployed in the Arctic Ocean Transpolar Drift between 2002 and 2010. Average F-0 values over the nine summer heating season realizations varied between 4.6 and 10.5 W m(-2) with an average summer value of 7.6 W m(-2). Between 2002 and 2010, summer-averaged F-0 passed through a clear minimum, with most inter-annual variability in F-0 dominated by differences in ocean heat content, rather than by differences in surface forcing. We test if Transpolar Drift F-0 is supported primarily by local, radiative energy flux entering the upper ocean through areas of open water (F-rw). F-rw is estimated by combining re-analysis solar radiation products with satellite-borne passive microwave ice concentration products and observed divergence of drifting buoys. Inter-annual variability of summer-averaged surface insolation is relatively small (0.04 normalized standard deviation, NSTD), so differences in open water fraction (0.30 NSTD) are the most likely sources of the observed F-0 variability. Ensemble-averaged over the 2002-2010 summers, the satellite and buoy-divergence F-rw, are equal to 8.1, and 8.0 W m(-2), respectively. Therefore, over the course of the summer season, sufficient energy enters the upper ocean through open water to wholly support the observed F-0. Reasonable agreement between the two open water fraction estimates further indicates that mechanical processes, rather than lateral melting, are controlling the amount of radiation entering the upper ocean, implying that ocean ice-albedo feedbacks were not strong in the Transpolar Drift in the last decade. C1 [Stanton, Timothy P.; Shaw, William J.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Hutchings, Jennifer K.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, IARC, Fairbanks, AK USA. RP Stanton, TP (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM stanton@nps.edu FU NSF [ARC-0856868, ARC-0632041, OPP-0084858, ARC-0520328, ARC-1023662] FX Jim Stockel, Rob Wyland, Ron Cowen, Keith Wyckoff, and Jim Lambert all made significant contributions to the development and construction of the AOFBs. Rick Krishfield, Jamie Morison, Andy Heiberg, and Dean Stewart contributed logistical support and assisted with the field deployment of the buoys at the NPEO camps. Jim Overland provided the shortwave radiation data sets and Don Perovich provided the ECMWF radiation data along the drift tracks. We appreciate the constructive reviewer comments that simplified and strengthened the paper. This work was supported by NSF grants ARC-0856868, ARC-0632041, OPP-0084858, ARC-0520328 and ARC-1023662. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUL 10 PY 2012 VL 117 AR C07005 DI 10.1029/2011JC007871 PG 14 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 974WD UT WOS:000306467300002 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Abeysekara, U Allen, BT Aune, T Berley, D Bonamente, E Christopher, GE DeYoung, T Dingus, BL Ellsworth, RW Galbraith-Frew, JG Gonzalez, MM Goodman, JA Hoffman, CM Huntemeyer, PH Hui, CM Kolterman, BE Linnemann, JT McEnery, JE Mincer, AI Morgan, T Nemethy, P Pretz, J Ryan, JM Parkinson, PMS Shoup, A Sinnis, G Smith, AJ Vasileiou, V Walker, GP Williams, DA Yodh, B AF Abdo, A. A. Abeysekara, U. Allen, B. T. Aune, T. Berley, D. Bonamente, E. Christopher, G. E. DeYoung, T. Dingus, B. L. Ellsworth, R. W. Galbraith-Frew, J. G. Gonzalez, M. M. Goodman, J. A. Hoffman, C. M. Huentemeyer, P. H. Hui, C. M. Kolterman, B. E. Linnemann, J. T. McEnery, J. E. Mincer, A. I. Morgan, T. Nemethy, P. Pretz, J. Ryan, J. M. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Shoup, A. Sinnis, G. Smith, A. J. Vasileiou, V. Walker, G. P. Williams, D. A. Yodh, B. TI SPECTRUM AND MORPHOLOGY OF THE TWO BRIGHTEST MILAGRO SOURCES IN THE CYGNUS REGION: MGRO J2019+37 AND MGRO J2031+41 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; astroparticle physics; gamma rays: general; open clusters and associations: individual (Cyg OB1, Cyg OB2); pulsars: general ID GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; SOURCE TEV J2032+4130; GALACTIC PLANE; CRAB-NEBULA; SOURCE LIST; PROPAGATION; FERMI; GALAXY AB The Cygnus region is a very bright and complex portion of the TeV sky, host to unidentified sources and a diffuse excess with respect to conventional cosmic-ray propagation models. Two of the brightest TeV sources, MGRO J2019+37 and MGRO J2031+41, are analyzed using Milagro data with a new technique, and their emission is tested under two different spectral assumptions: a power law and a power law with an exponential cutoff. The new analysis technique is based on an energy estimator that uses the fraction of photomultiplier tubes in the observatory that detect the extensive air shower. The photon spectrum is measured in the range 1-100 TeV using the last three years of Milagro data (2005-2008), with the detector in its final configuration. An F-test indicates that MGRO J2019+37 is better fit by a power law with an exponential cutoff than by a simple power law. The best-fitting parameters for the power law with exponential cutoff model are a normalization at 10 TeV of 7(-2)(+5) x 10(-10) s(-1) m(-2) TeV-1, a spectral index of 2.0(-1.0)(+0.5), and a cutoff energy of 29(-16)(+50) TeV. MGRO J2031+41 shows no evidence of a cutoff. The best-fitting parameters for a power law are a normalization of 2.1(-0.6)(+0.6)x10 (10) s (1) m (2) TeV (1) and a spectral index of 3.22(-0.18)(+0.23). The overall flux is subject to a similar to 30% systematic uncertainty. The systematic uncertainty on the power-law indices is similar to 0.1. Both uncertainties have been verified with cosmic-ray data. A comparison with previous results from TeV J2032+4130, MGRO J2031+41, and MGRO J2019+37 is also presented. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Abeysekara, U.; Linnemann, J. T.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Allen, B. T.; Yodh, B.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Aune, T.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Berley, D.; Goodman, J. A.; Smith, A. J.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Galbraith-Frew, J. G.; Huentemeyer, P. H.; Hui, C. M.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Christopher, G. E.; Kolterman, B. E.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [DeYoung, T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Dingus, B. L.; Hoffman, C. M.; Pretz, J.; Sinnis, G.; Walker, G. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp P 23, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ellsworth, R. W.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Gonzalez, M. M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [McEnery, J. E.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, CRESST, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Morgan, T.; Ryan, J. M.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Shoup, A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Lima, OH 45804 USA. [Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ebonamen@mtu.edu; petra@mtu.edu RI Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; OI Dingus, Brenda/0000-0001-8451-7450; Mincer, Allen/0000-0002-6307-1418 FU National Science Foundation [PHY-0245234, PHY-0302000, PHY-0400424, PHY-0504201, PHY-0601080, PHY-1002445, ATM-0002744]; US Department of Energy (Office of High-Energy Physics and Office of Nuclear Physics); Los Alamos National Laboratory; University of California; Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics FX We gratefully acknowledge Scott Delay and Michael Schneider for their dedicated efforts in the construction and maintenance of the Milagro experiment. This work has been supported by the National Science Foundation (under grants PHY-0245234, -0302000, -0400424, -0504201, -0601080, -1002445, and ATM-0002744), the US Department of Energy (Office of High-Energy Physics and Office of Nuclear Physics), the Los Alamos National Laboratory, the University of California, and the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics. NR 23 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2012 VL 753 IS 2 AR 159 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/159 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 967MR UT WOS:000305912700066 ER PT J AU Morales-Calderon, M Stauffer, JR Stassun, KG Vrba, FJ Prato, L Hillenbrand, LA Terebey, S Covey, KR Rebull, LM Terndrup, DM Gutermuth, R Song, I Plavchan, P Carpenter, JM Marchis, F Garcia, EV Margheim, S Luhman, KL Angione, J Irwin, JM AF Morales-Calderon, M. Stauffer, J. R. Stassun, K. G. Vrba, F. J. Prato, L. Hillenbrand, L. A. Terebey, S. Covey, K. R. Rebull, L. M. Terndrup, D. M. Gutermuth, R. Song, I. Plavchan, P. Carpenter, J. M. Marchis, F. Garcia, E. V. Margheim, S. Luhman, K. L. Angione, J. Irwin, J. M. TI YSOVAR: SIX PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE ECLIPSING BINARIES IN THE ORION NEBULA CLUSTER SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: eclipsing; open clusters and associations: individual (Orion); stars: pre-main sequence; stars: variables: general ID LOW-MASS STARS; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; UPPER CENTAURUS-LUPUS; YOUNG BROWN DWARFS; X-RAY OBSERVATIONS; KECK-II-TELESCOPE; SPECTROSCOPIC BINARY; 2MASS J05352184-0546085; ECHELLE SPECTROGRAPH; EVOLUTIONARY TRACKS AB Eclipsing binaries (EBs) provide critical laboratories for empirically testing predictions of theoretical models of stellar structure and evolution. Pre-main-sequence (PMS) EBs are particularly valuable, both due to their rarity and the highly dynamic nature of PMS evolution, such that a dense grid of PMS EBs is required to properly calibrate theoretical PMS models. Analyzing multi-epoch, multi-color light curves for similar to 2400 candidate Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) members from our Warm Spitzer Exploration Science Program YSOVAR, we have identified 12 stars whose light curves show eclipse features. Four of these 12 EBs are previously known. Supplementing our light curves with follow-up optical and near-infrared spectroscopy, we establish two of the candidates as likely field EBs lying behind the ONC. We confirm the remaining six candidate systems, however, as newly identified ONC PMS EBs. These systems increase the number of known PMS EBs by over 50% and include the highest mass (theta(1) Ori E, for which we provide a complete set of well-determined parameters including component masses of 2.807 and 2.797 M-circle dot) and longest-period (ISOY J053505.71-052354.1, P similar to 20 days) PMS EBs currently known. In two cases (theta(1) Ori E and ISOY J053526.88-044730.7), enough photometric and spectroscopic data exist to attempt an orbit solution and derive the system parameters. For the remaining systems, we combine our data with literature information to provide a preliminary characterization sufficient to guide follow-up investigations of these rare, benchmark systems. C1 [Morales-Calderon, M.; Stauffer, J. R.; Rebull, L. M.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Morales-Calderon, M.] Ctr Astrobiol INTA CSIC, E-28691 Villanueva De La Canada, Spain. [Stassun, K. G.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Stassun, K. G.] Fisk Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. [Stassun, K. G.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Vrba, F. J.] USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Prato, L.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Hillenbrand, L. A.; Carpenter, J. M.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Terebey, S.; Angione, J.] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. [Covey, K. R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Terndrup, D. M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Terndrup, D. M.] Natl Sci Fdn, Arlington, VA 22230 USA. [Gutermuth, R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Song, I.] Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Plavchan, P.] CALTECH, NASA Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Marchis, F.] Carl Sagan Ctr, SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Margheim, S.] So Operat Ctr, Gemini Observ, La Serena, Chile. [Luhman, K. L.] So Operat Ctr, Gemini Observ, La Serena, Chile. [Luhman, K. L.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Irwin, J. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Morales-Calderon, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM mariamc@cab.inta-csic.es RI Marchis, Franck/H-3971-2012; Morales-Calderon, Maria/C-8384-2017; OI Morales-Calderon, Maria/0000-0001-9526-9499; Rebull, Luisa/0000-0001-6381-515X; Covey, Kevin/0000-0001-6914-7797 FU NASA through JPL/Caltech; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation [AST-0544588, AST-1009136]; Pennsylvania State University; Eberly College of Science; Pennsylvania Space Grant Consortium; Gemini Observatory, Argentina; Gemini Observatory, Australia; Gemini Observatory, Brazil; Gemini Observatory, Canada; Gemini Observatory, Chile; Gemini Observatory, United Kingdom; Gemini Observatory, United States of America FX We are grateful to the anonymous referee for a helpful report. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. K.L. was supported by grant AST-0544588 and L.P. by grant AST-1009136 from the National Science Foundation. The Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds is supported by the Pennsylvania State University, the Eberly College of Science, and the Pennsylvania Space Grant Consortium. S.M. was supported by the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., on behalf of the international Gemini partnership of Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. NR 73 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2012 VL 753 IS 2 AR 149 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/149 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 967MR UT WOS:000305912700056 ER PT J AU Munoz-Jaramillo, A Sheeley, NR Zhang, J DeLuca, EE AF Munoz-Jaramillo, Andres Sheeley, Neil R., Jr. Zhang, Jie DeLuca, Edward E. TI CALIBRATING 100 YEARS OF POLAR FACULAE MEASUREMENTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EVOLUTION OF THE HELIOSPHERIC MAGNETIC FIELD SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE solar-terrestrial relations; Sun: activity; Sun: dynamo; Sun: faculae, plages; Sun: surface magnetism ID CYCLE 23; SOLAR; FLUX AB Although the Sun's polar magnetic fields are thought to provide important clues for understanding the 11 year sunspot cycle, including the observed variations of its amplitude and period, the current database of high-quality polar field measurements spans relatively few sunspot cycles. In this paper, we address this deficiency by consolidating Mount Wilson Observatory polar faculae data from four data reduction campaigns, validating it through a comparison with facular data counted automatically from Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) intensitygrams, and calibrating it against polar field measurements taken by the Wilcox Solar Observatory and average polar field and total polar flux calculated using MDI line-of-sight magnetograms. Our results show that the consolidated polar facular measurements are in excellent agreement with both polar field and polar flux estimates, making them an ideal proxy to study the evolution of the polar magnetic field. Additionally, we combine this database with sunspot area measurements to study the role of the polar magnetic flux in the evolution of the heliospheric magnetic field (HMF). We find that there is a strong correlation between HMF and polar flux at solar minimum and that, taken together, polar flux and sunspot area are better at explaining the evolution of the HMF during the last century than sunspot area alone. C1 [Munoz-Jaramillo, Andres; DeLuca, Edward E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Munoz-Jaramillo, Andres] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Munoz-Jaramillo, Andres] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Sheeley, Neil R., Jr.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zhang, Jie] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Munoz-Jaramillo, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM amunoz@cfa.harvard.edu; neil.sheeley@nrl.navy.mil; jzhang7@gmu.edu; edeluca@cfa.harvard.edu RI DeLuca, Edward/L-7534-2013; OI DeLuca, Edward/0000-0001-7416-2895; Munoz-Jaramillo, Andres/0000-0002-4716-0840 FU NASA [NNX07AO72G]; University of Utah; Office of Naval Research; Lockheed Martin [SP02H1701R]; NSF [ATM-0748003] FX We are grateful to Steve Cranmer for the original suggestion which led to this collaboration, Georgios Cintzoglou for his invaluable help with the automatic detection algorithm, the anonymous referee for feedback which helped improved the quality of this paper, Aad Vanballegooijen and Yi-Ming Wang for useful discussions, Mike Lockwood and Leif Svalgaard for sharing their HMF data and discussing their usage with us, Laura Balmaceda and Sami Solanki for sharing their sunspot database with us, and Jeneen Sommers for her invaluable help in acquiring MDI intensitygram and LOS magnetogram data. This research is supported by the NASA Living With a Star Jack Eddy Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, administered by the UCAR Visiting Scientist Programs and has made extensive use of SAO/NASA's Astrophysics Data System. The computations required for this work were performed using the resources of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics-we thank Jonathan Sattelberger and Alisdair Davey for much appreciated technical support. Wilcox Solar Observatory data used in this study were obtained via the Web site http://wso.stanford.edu at 2011:11:7 courtesy of J. Todd Hoeksema. The Wilcox Solar Observatory is currently supported by NASA. The MDI instrument is part of SOHO, which is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. OMNI data were obtained from the Space Physics Data Facility at NASA's Goddard Space flight center http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/. Andres Munoz-Jaramillo is very grateful to David Kieda for his support and sponsorship at the University of Utah. Neil R. Sheeley is grateful to Roger K. Ulrich (UCLA) for permission to examine the historical collection of Mount Wilson white light images, and to his colleagues J. E. Boyden and S. Padilla for help during the most recent data reduction campaign. At NRL, financial support was provided by NASA and the Office of Naval Research. Ed DeLuca was supported by contract SP02H1701R from Lockheed Martin to SAO. Jie Zhang is supported by NSF Grant ATM-0748003 and NASA Grant NNX07AO72G. NR 29 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2012 VL 753 IS 2 AR 146 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/146 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 967MR UT WOS:000305912700053 ER PT J AU Bandyopadhyay, PR Beal, DN Hrubes, JD Mangalam, A AF Bandyopadhyay, Promode R. Beal, David N. Hrubes, J. Dana Mangalam, Arun TI Relationship of roll and pitch oscillations in a fin flapping at transitional to high Reynolds number SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE propulsion; swimming/flying ID BOUNDARY-LAYER SEPARATION; LEADING-EDGE VORTEX; PROPULSIVE EFFICIENCY; INSECT FLIGHT; UNDERWATER VEHICLE; MODEL HAWKMOTH; WINGS; DYNAMICS; AERODYNAMICS; FOILS AB Hydrodynamic effects of the relationship between the roll and pitch oscillations in low-aspect-ratio fins, with a laminar section and a rounded leading edge, flapping at transitional to moderately high Reynolds numbers, are considered. The fin is hinged at one end and its roll amplitude is large. Also examined is how this relationship is affected by spanwise twist, which alters the pitch oscillation amplitude and its phase relative to the roll motion. Force, efficiency and surface hot-film-anemometry measurements, and flow visualization are carried out in a tow tank. A fin of an abstracted penguin-wing planform and a NACA 0012 cross-section is used, and the chord Reynolds number varies from 3558 to 150 000 based on total speed. The fin is forced near the natural shedding frequency. Strouhal number and pitch amplitude are directly related when thrust is produced, and efficiency is maximized in narrow combinations of Strouhal number and pitch amplitude when oscillation of the leading-edge stagnation point is minimal. Twist makes the angle of attack uniform along the span and enhances thrust by up to 24 %, while maintaining high efficiency. Only 5 % of the power required to roll is spent to pitch, and yet roll and pitch are directly related. During hovering, dye visualization shows that a diffused leading-edge vortex is produced in rigid fins, which enlarges along the span; however, twist makes the vortex more uniform and the fin in turn requires less power to roll. Low-order phase maps of the measurements of force oscillation versus its derivative are modelled as due to van der Pol oscillators; the higher-order maps show trends in the sub-regimes of the transitional Reynolds number. Fin oscillation imparts a chordwise fluid motion, yielding a Stokes wave in the near-wall vorticity layer. When the roll and pitch oscillations are directly related, the wave is optimized: causing vorticity lift-up as the fin is decelerated at the roll extremity; the potential energy at the stagnation point is converted into kinetic energy; a vortex is produced as the lifted vorticity is wrapped around the leading edge; and free-stream reattachment keeps the vortex trapped. When the twist oscillation is phased along the span, this vortex becomes self-preserving at all amplitudes of twist, indicating the most stable (low-bandwidth) tuned nature. C1 [Bandyopadhyay, Promode R.; Beal, David N.; Hrubes, J. Dana] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Mangalam, Arun] Tao Syst, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. RP Bandyopadhyay, PR (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM promode.bandyopadhya@navy.mil FU US Office of Naval Research Bio-inspired Autonomous Systems Program FX This work was sponsored by the US Office of Naval Research Bio-inspired Autonomous Systems Program. An anonymous reviewer made numerous suggestions for improvement and this is gratefully acknowledged. NR 70 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 23 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD JUL 10 PY 2012 VL 702 BP 298 EP 331 DI 10.1017/jfm.2012.178 PG 34 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 968XB UT WOS:000306017700014 ER PT J AU Albrecht, MT Livingston, BD Pesce, JT Bell, MG Hannaman, D Keane-Myers, AM AF Albrecht, Mark T. Livingston, Brian D. Pesce, John T. Bell, Matt G. Hannaman, Drew Keane-Myers, Andrea M. TI Electroporation of a multivalent DNA vaccine cocktail elicits a protective immune response against anthrax and plague SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Anthrax; Plague; DNA vaccine; Recombinant protein vaccine; Intramuscular electroporation; Immunization ID IN-VITRO CORRELATE; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; YERSINIA-PESTIS; LETHAL FACTOR; PLASMID DNA; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; PNEUMONIC PLAGUE; RHESUS MACAQUES; V-ANTIGENS AB Electroporation of DNA vaccines represents a platform technology well positioned for the development of multivalent biodefense vaccines. To evaluate this hypothesis, three vaccine constructs were produced using codon-optimized genes encoding Bacillus anthracis Protective Antigen (PA), and the Yersinia pestis genes LcrV and F1, cloned into pVAX1. A/J mice were immunized on a prime-boost schedule with these constructs using the electroporation-based TriGrid Delivery System. Immunization with the individual pDNA vaccines elicited higher levels of antigen-specific IgG than when used in combination. DNA vaccine effectiveness was proven, the pVAX-PA titers were toxin neutralizing and fully protective against a lethal B. anthracis spore challenge when administered alone or co-formulated with the plague pDNA vaccines. LcrV and F1 pVAX vaccines against plague were synergistic, resulting in 100% survival, but less protective individually and when co-formulated with pVAX-PA. These DNA vaccine responses were Th1/Th2 balanced with high levels of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in splenocyte recall assays, contrary to complimentary protein Alum vaccinations displaying a Th2 bias with increased IL-4 and low levels of IFN-gamma. These results demonstrate the feasibility of electroporation to deliver and maintain the overall efficacy of an anthrax-plague DNA vaccine cocktail whose individual components have qualitative immunological differences when combined. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Albrecht, Mark T.; Pesce, John T.; Bell, Matt G.; Keane-Myers, Andrea M.] USN, Biol Def Res Directorate, Med Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Livingston, Brian D.; Hannaman, Drew] Ichor Med Syst, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Keane-Myers, AM (reprint author), USN, Biol Def Res Directorate, Med Res Ctr, 8400 Res Plaza, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM andrea.keane-myers@med.navy.mil FU U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-06-CBDIFBAA]; U.S. Naval Medical Research Center [NCRADA-NMR06-2515] FX This study was financially supported by the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency grant HDTRA1-06-CBDIFBAA and the U.S. Naval Medical Research Center, under NCRADA-NMR06-2515. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, the Department of Defense, nor the U.S. Government. We thank Dr. Angela Prouty and Ms. Tatiana Pervaia at the NMRC/BDRD, Dr. Stanley Goldman, previously at NMRC/BDRD now at Evolva, Inc., and Mr. Barry Ellefsen at Ichor Medical Systems for their technical contributions. NR 55 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 6 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 32 BP 4872 EP 4883 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.04.078 PG 12 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 978UJ UT WOS:000306771000024 PM 22633906 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Albert, A Baldini, L Barbiellini, G Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Brigida, M Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J D'Ammando, F de Palma, F Dermer, CD Silva, EDE Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Edmonds, Y Essig, R Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Guiriec, S Gustafsson, M Hadasch, D Hayashida, M Horan, D Hughes, RE Kamae, T Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Lionetto, AM Garde, ML Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Mazziotta, MN Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Naumann-Godo, M Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Panetta, JH Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Prokhorov, D Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, O Roth, M Sbarra, C Scargle, JD Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Snyder, A Spinelli, P Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Winer, BL Wood, KS Yang, Z Zimmer, S AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Albert, A. Baldini, L. Barbiellini, G. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Brigida, M. Buehler, R. Buson, S. A. Caliandro, G. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. D'Ammando, F. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Edmonds, Y. Essig, R. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Guiriec, S. Gustafsson, M. Hadasch, D. Hayashida, M. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Kamae, T. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Lionetto, A. M. Garde, M. Llena Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Mazziotta, M. N. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Naumann-Godo, M. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Prokhorov, D. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, O. Roth, M. Sbarra, C. Scargle, J. D. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Snyder, A. Spinelli, P. Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Yang, Z. Zimmer, S. CA FERMI-LAT TI Fermi LAT search for dark matter in gamma-ray lines and the inclusive photon spectrum SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; MILKY-WAY HALO; CONSTRAINTS; ANNIHILATION; MASS; LIKELIHOOD; PHYSICS; MODELS AB Dark matter particle annihilation or decay can produce monochromatic gamma-ray lines and contribute to the diffuse gamma-ray background. Flux upper limits are presented for gamma-ray spectral lines from 7 to 200 GeV and for the diffuse gamma-ray background from 4.8 GeV to 264 GeV obtained from two years of Fermi Large Area Telescope data integrated over most of the sky. We give cross-section upper limits and decay lifetime lower limits for dark matter models that produce gamma-ray lines or contribute to the diffuse spectrum, including models proposed as explanations of the PAMELA and Fermi cosmic-ray data. C1 [Ackermann, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Edmonds, Y.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Prokhorov, D.; Reimer, O.; Snyder, A.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Edmonds, Y.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Prokhorov, D.; Reimer, O.; Snyder, A.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Albert, A.; Hughes, R. E.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; D'Ammando, F.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Buson, S.; Gustafsson, M.; Rando, R.; Sbarra, C.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Buson, S.; Pivato, G.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [A. Caliandro, G.; Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] IEEE CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CNRS, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chekhtman, A.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Dermer, C. D.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Garde, M. Llena; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Garde, M. Llena; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; D'Ammando, F.] IASF Palermo, I-90146 Palermo, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Essig, R.] SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Essig, R.] Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Fegan, S. J.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hayashida, M.] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.] IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, GAHEC, Toulouse, France. [Lionetto, A. M.; Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Lionetto, A. M.; Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Moiseev, A. A.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Norris, J. P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Okumura, A.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Razzano, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Razzano, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Troja, E.] NASA, Postdoctoral Program, Washington, DC USA. [Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. RP Ackermann, M (reprint author), Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. EM elliott@slac.stanford.edu; yedmonds@stanford.edu; rouven.essig@stonybrook.edu RI Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016 OI Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; FU Fermi LAT; National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d' Etudes Spatiales in France FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l' Enewwrgie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. J. Conrad is supported by a grant from the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation.; Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d' Etudes Spatiales in France. NR 64 TC 150 Z9 150 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 5 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 2 AR 022002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.86.022002 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 971GY UT WOS:000306193000001 ER PT J AU Ramsier, MA Cunningham, AJ Finneran, JJ Dominy, NJ AF Ramsier, Marissa A. Cunningham, Andrew J. Finneran, James J. Dominy, Nathaniel J. TI Social drive and the evolution of primate hearing SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Strepsirrhini; hearing; auditory brainstem response; evoked potential audiogram; sensory ecology; acoustic communication ID AYES DAUBENTONIA-MADAGASCARIENSIS; LEMURS LEMUR-CATTA; GROUP-SIZE; ALARM CALLS; VOCAL COMMUNICATION; PREY LOCATION; MONKEYS; COEVOLUTION; SENSITIVITY; PERSPECTIVE AB The structure and function of primate communication have attracted much attention, and vocal signals, in particular, have been studied in detail. As a general rule, larger social groups emit more types of vocal signals, including those conveying the presence of specific types of predators. The adaptive advantages of receiving and responding to alarm calls are expected to exert a selective pressure on the auditory system. Yet, the comparative biology of primate hearing is limited to select species, and little attention has been paid to the effects of social and vocal complexity on hearing. Here, we use the auditory brainstem response method to generate the largest number of standardized audiograms available for any primate radiation. We compared the auditory sensitivities of 11 strepsirrhine species with and without independent contrasts and show that social complexity explains a significant amount of variation in two audiometric parameters-overall sensitivity and high-frequency limit. We verified the generality of this latter result by augmenting our analysis with published data from nine species spanning the primate order. To account for these findings, we develop and test a model of social drive. We hypothesize that social complexity has favoured enhanced hearing sensitivities, especially at higher frequencies. C1 [Ramsier, Marissa A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Anthropol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Cunningham, Andrew J.] Harvard Univ, Peabody Museum, Dept Human Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Finneran, James J.] USN, Marine Mammal Program, SSC Pacific, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Dominy, Nathaniel J.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Anthropol, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Dominy, Nathaniel J.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Ramsier, MA (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, Dept Anthropol, 1 Harpst St, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM marissa.ramsier@humboldt.edu OI Dominy, Nathaniel/0000-0001-5916-418X FU David and Lucile Packard Foundation [2007-31754]; Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Cruz FX We wish to thank the editors for inviting us to contribute to this themed issue. We also thank D. Brenneis, F. Deakin, S. D. Dobson, T. M. Freeburg, A. Galloway, K. E. Glander, M. E. Glenn, C. Juarez, T. Kivell, D. Mclaughlin, G. L. Moritz, D. Ramsier, D. Riggs, B. Schopler, A Shamamian, F. Spoor, J. Taylor, C. Williams, S. Zehr and two anonymous reviewers for their comments and support. We are grateful to the keepers, staff and veterinary technicians of the Duke Lemur Center, and to David Haring for providing the photographs in figure 1a. Funding was received from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation (Fellowship no. 2007-31754) and the Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Cruz. This is Duke Lemur Center publication no. 1209. NR 82 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 51 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD JUL 5 PY 2012 VL 367 IS 1597 SI SI BP 1860 EP 1868 DI 10.1098/rstb.2011.0219 PG 9 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 948XS UT WOS:000304537700008 PM 22641824 ER PT J AU Leski, TA Ansumana, R Malanoski, AP Jimmy, DH Bangura, U Barrows, BR Alpha, M Koroma, BM Long, NC Sundufu, AJ Bockarie, AS Lin, BC Stenger, DA AF Leski, Tomasz A. Ansumana, Rashid Malanoski, Anthony P. Jimmy, David H. Bangura, Umaru Barrows, Brian R. Alpha, Morie Koroma, Bashiru M. Long, Nina C. Sundufu, Abu J. Bockarie, Alfred S. Lin, Baochuan Stenger, David A. TI Leapfrog diagnostics: Demonstration of a broad spectrum pathogen identification platform in a resource-limited setting SO HEALTH RESEARCH POLICY AND SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID AVIAN INFLUENZA-VIRUS; RESEQUENCING MICROARRAY; DISEASE EMERGENCE; DATABASING PAPER; FTA(R); DNA; AMPLIFICATION; INFECTIONS; ZOONOSES; SERVICES AB Background: Resource-limited tropical countries are home to numerous infectious pathogens of both human and zoonotic origin. A capability for early detection to allow rapid outbreak containment and prevent spread to non-endemic regions is severely impaired by inadequate diagnostic laboratory capacity, the absence of a "cold chain" and the lack of highly trained personnel. Building up detection capacity in these countries by direct replication of the systems existing in developed countries is not a feasible approach and instead requires "leapfrogging" to the deployment of the newest diagnostic systems that do not have the infrastructure requirements of systems used in developed countries. Methods: A laboratory for molecular diagnostics of infectious agents was established in Bo, Sierra Leone with a hybrid solar/diesel/battery system to ensure stable power supply and a satellite modem to enable efficient communication. An array of room temperature stabilization and refrigeration technologies for reliable transport and storage of reagents and biological samples were also tested to ensure sustainable laboratory supplies for diagnostic assays. Results: The laboratory demonstrated its operational proficiency by conducting an investigation of a suspected avian influenza outbreak at a commercial poultry farm at Bo using broad range resequencing microarrays and real time RT-PCR. The results of the investigation excluded influenza viruses as a possible cause of the outbreak and indicated a link between the outbreak and the presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that by application of a carefully selected set of technologies and sufficient personnel training, it is feasible to deploy and effectively use a broad-range infectious pathogen detection technology in a severely resource-limited setting. C1 [Leski, Tomasz A.; Malanoski, Anthony P.; Lin, Baochuan; Stenger, David A.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ansumana, Rashid; Jimmy, David H.; Bangura, Umaru; Alpha, Morie; Koroma, Bashiru M.; Sundufu, Abu J.; Bockarie, Alfred S.] Mercy Hosp, Res Lab, Kulanda Town, Bo, Sierra Leone. [Ansumana, Rashid] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Ansumana, Rashid; Koroma, Bashiru M.; Bockarie, Alfred S.] Njala Univ, Inst Environm Management & Qual Control, Njala, Sierra Leone. [Jimmy, David H.] Njala Univ, Dept Chem, Njala, Sierra Leone. [Barrows, Brian R.] USN, Res Lab, Natl Res Council NRC Associate, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Long, Nina C.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Sundufu, Abu J.] Njala Univ, Sch Environm Sci, Dept Biol, Njala, Sierra Leone. RP Leski, TA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM tomasz.leski@nrl.navy.mil RI Leski, Tomasz/K-6916-2013; Lin, Baochuan/A-8390-2009; Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011 OI Leski, Tomasz/0000-0001-7688-9887; Lin, Baochuan/0000-0002-9484-0785; Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-4505 J9 HEALTH RES POLICY SY JI Health Res. Policy Syst. PD JUL 4 PY 2012 VL 10 AR 22 DI 10.1186/1478-4505-10-22 PG 10 WC Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 989EX UT WOS:000307544200001 PM 22759725 ER PT J AU Davis, MC Groshens, TJ AF Davis, Matthew C. Groshens, Thomas J. TI Dimerization of resveratrol trimethyl ether by phosphotungstic acid, structure confirmation of resformicol A and B SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Resveratrol trimethyl ether; Phosphotungstic acid; Tetralins; Dimerization ID CYCLODIMERIZATION; PHLOROGLUCINOL; FORMALDEHYDE; STILBENES AB Dimerization of the trimethyl ether of resveratrol catalyzed by phosphotungstic acid gave two tetralins and a naphthalene derivative. The structure of the tetralins was obtained by X-ray crystallography and confirms the reported stereochemical configuration of resformicol A and B. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Davis, Matthew C.; Groshens, Thomas J.] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Davis, MC (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM matthew.davis@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX Financial support through an In-house Laboratory Independent Research award from the Office of Naval Research is gratefully acknowledged. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD JUL 4 PY 2012 VL 53 IS 27 BP 3521 EP 3523 DI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.04.132 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 970SL UT WOS:000306152500029 ER PT J AU Le Henaff, M Kourafalou, VH Paris, CB Helgers, J Aman, ZM Hogan, PJ Srinivasan, A AF Le Henaff, Matthieu Kourafalou, Vassiliki H. Paris, Claire B. Helgers, Judith Aman, Zachary M. Hogan, Patrick J. Srinivasan, Ashwanth TI Surface Evolution of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Patch: Combined Effects of Circulation and Wind-Induced Drift SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COORDINATE OCEAN MODEL; VERTICAL COORDINATE; DATA ASSIMILATION; LOOP CURRENT; SIMULATIONS; PREDICTION; TRANSPORT; HYCOM AB Following the Deepwater Horizon blowout, major concerns were raised about the probabffty that the Loop Current would entrain oil at the surface of the Gulf of Mexico toward South Florida. However, such a scenario did not materialize. Results from a modeling approach suggest that the prevailing winds, through the drift they induced at the ocean surface, played a major role in pushing the oil toward the coasts along the northern Gulf, and, in synergy with the Loop Current evolution, prevented the oil from reaching the Florida Straits. This implies that both oceanic currents and surface wind-induced drift must be taken into account for the successful forecasting of the trajectories and landfall of oil particles, even in energetic environments such as the Gulf of Mexico. Consequently, the time range of these predictions is limited to the weather forecasting range, in addition to the range set up by ocean forecasting capabilities. C1 [Le Henaff, Matthieu] Univ Miami, CIMAS, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Le Henaff, Matthieu; Kourafalou, Vassiliki H.; Paris, Claire B.; Helgers, Judith; Srinivasan, Ashwanth] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Helgers, Judith; Srinivasan, Ashwanth] Univ Miami, CCS, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Aman, Zachary M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Hogan, Patrick J.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Le Henaff, M (reprint author), Univ Miami, CIMAS, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM mlehenaff@rsmas.miami.edu RI Aman, Zachary/E-4433-2010; OI Aman, Zachary/0000-0003-4496-3303; Paris, Claire/0000-0002-0637-1334 FU NSF-RAPID [1048697]; BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative FX University of Miami authors were funded by NSF-RAPID grant 1048697 to C.B.P. The contribution of V.K. was also made possible in part by a grant from BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative. Simulations were carried out at the UM Center for Computational Science. We thank the reviewers for their useful comments and suggestions. Abstract figure uses MODIS image on June 7, 2010 showing oil slicks outlined in red;33 MODIS Image credit: NASA and University of South Florida. NR 33 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 3 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 13 BP 7267 EP 7273 DI 10.1021/es301570w PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 966ZS UT WOS:000305876500050 PM 22676453 ER PT J AU Qadri, SB Wu, DH Graber, BD Mahadik, NA Garzarella, A AF Qadri, Syed B. Wu, Dong H. Graber, Benjamin D. Mahadik, Nadeemullah A. Garzarella, Anthony TI Failure mechanism of THz GaAs photoconductive antenna SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; LOW-TEMPERATURE; EXCITATION; RADIATION; GENERATION; SILICON; PULSES; ZNCDTE AB We investigated the failure mechanism of THz GaAs photoconductive antenna using high resolution x-ray diffraction topography. From these studies, it was found that grain boundaries are formed during the high frequency device operation. This results in the segregation of gold at the boundaries causing electromigration of the metal between the gold micro-strips. This disrupts the photocurrents from being produced by femtosecond laser thus preventing terahertz beam generation from the photoconductive antennae leading to device failure. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4733476] C1 [Qadri, Syed B.; Wu, Dong H.; Graber, Benjamin D.; Mahadik, Nadeemullah A.; Garzarella, Anthony] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Qadri, SB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 2 PY 2012 VL 101 IS 1 AR 011910 DI 10.1063/1.4733476 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 970PM UT WOS:000306144800023 ER PT J AU White, JO Vasilyev, A Cahill, JP Satyan, N Okusaga, O Rakuljic, G Mungan, CE Yariv, A AF White, J. O. Vasilyev, A. Cahill, J. P. Satyan, N. Okusaga, O. Rakuljic, G. Mungan, C. E. Yariv, A. TI Suppression of stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical fibers using a linearly chirped diode laser SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-LOCK LOOPS; COHERENT POWER COMBINATION; AMPLIFIER; GAIN AB The output of high power fiber amplifiers is typically limited by stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS). An analysis of SBS with a chirped pump laser indicates that a chirp of 2.5 x 10(15) Hz/s could raise, by an order of magnitude, the SBS threshold of a 20-m fiber. A diode laser with a constant output power and a linear chirp of 5 x 10(15) Hz/s has been previously demonstrated. In a low-power proof-of-concept experiment, the threshold for SBS in a 6-km fiber is increased by a factor of 100 with a chirp of 5 x 10(14) Hz/s. A linear chirp will enable straightforward coherent combination of multiple fiber amplifiers, with electronic compensation of path length differences on the order of 0.2 m. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [White, J. O.; Cahill, J. P.; Okusaga, O.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Vasilyev, A.; Satyan, N.; Yariv, A.] CALTECH, Dept Appl Phys & Mat Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Rakuljic, G.] Telaris Inc, Santa Monica, CA 90403 USA. [Mungan, C. E.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP White, JO (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jeffrey.owen.white@us.army.mil FU High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office [11-SA-0405] FX This work has been supported by High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office contract 11-SA-0405. We are also grateful for continuing technical input from Scott Christensen, John Edgecumbe, and Imtiaz Majid at Nufern. NR 24 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 14 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JUL 2 PY 2012 VL 20 IS 14 BP 15872 EP 15881 DI 10.1364/OE.20.015872 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 971BF UT WOS:000306176100119 PM 22772277 ER PT J AU Bailey, CG Forbes, DV Polly, SJ Bittner, ZS Dai, YS Mackos, C Raffaelle, RP Hubbard, SM AF Bailey, Christopher G. Forbes, David V. Polly, Stephen J. Bittner, Zachary S. Dai, Yushuai Mackos, Chelsea Raffaelle, Ryne P. Hubbard, Seth M. TI Open-Circuit Voltage Improvement of InAs/GaAs Quantum-Dot Solar Cells Using Reduced InAs Coverage SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE InAs coverage; InAs/GaAs; nanostructured solar cells; quantum dots (QDs); strain balance; strain compensation; superlattice ID RELAXATION DYNAMICS; EFFICIENCY; CONVERSION AB Ten-, 20-, and 40-layer InAs/GaAs quantum-dot (QD)-embedded superlattice solar cells were compared with a baseline GaAs p-i-n solar cell. Proper strain balancing and a reduction of InAs coverage value in the superlattice region of the QD embedded devices enabled the systematic increase in short-circuit current density with QD layers (0.02-mA/cm(2)/QD layer) with minimal open-circuit voltage loss (similar to 50 mV). The improvement in voltage was found to be due to a reduced nonradiative recombination resulting from a reduced density of larger defective QDs and effective strain management. The 40-layer device exceeded the baseline GaAs cell by 0.5% absolute efficiency improving efficiency relative to the baseline by 3.6%. C1 [Bailey, Christopher G.; Forbes, David V.; Polly, Stephen J.; Bittner, Zachary S.; Dai, Yushuai; Mackos, Chelsea; Raffaelle, Ryne P.; Hubbard, Seth M.] Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Bailey, CG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM christopher.bailey@gmail.com; dvfsps@rit.edu; sjp5958@rit.edu; zsb2199@rit.edu; yxd9663@rit.edu; crpsps@rit.edu; Ryne.Raffaelle@nrel.gov; smhsps@rit.edu RI Polly, Stephen/C-1776-2015 OI Polly, Stephen/0000-0002-7563-6738 FU U.S. Government, the National Science Foundation [DMR-0955752]; Department of Energy [DE-FG36-08GO18012] FX Manuscript received July 27, 2011; revised January 9, 2012; accepted January 26, 2011. Date of publication April 6, 2012; date of current version June 18, 2012. This work was supported by the U.S. Government, the National Science Foundation (DMR-0955752), and the Department of Energy (DE-FG36-08GO18012). NR 30 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 35 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3381 J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT JI IEEE J. Photovolt. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 2 IS 3 BP 269 EP 275 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2189047 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 137HS UT WOS:000318426900007 ER PT J AU Faruqui, S Stern, PJ Kiefhaber, TR AF Faruqui, Safi Stern, Peter J. Kiefhaber, Thomas R. TI Percutaneous Pinning of Fractures in the Proximal Third of the Proximal Phalanx: Complications and Outcomes SO JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article DE Complication; percutaneous; phalanx; proximal; outcome ID CLOSED REDUCTION; FIXATION AB Purpose Two common techniques for fixation of extra-articular fractures at the proximal phalanx base are transarticular (across the metacarpophalangeal joint) and extra-articular cross-pinning. The aim of this study was to assess the complications and outcomes of these 2 techniques. Our hypothesis was that transarticular and extra-articular closed reduction and percutaneous pinning of base of proximal phalanx fractures have similar complication rates and outcomes. Methods A retrospective chart review identified 338 patients with base of proximal phalanx fractures. We treated 50 isolated fractures with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning using 1 of 2 techniques: transarticular (25 fractures through the metacarpal head) or extra-articular (25 fractures cross-pinned through the base of the proximal phalanx). Outcome measures included total active motion and complications. Results We found a substantial overall complication rate in both groups. The mean total active motion for the transarticular group and cross-pinning group was 201 degrees and 198 degrees, respectively. Proximal interphalangeal joint motion was notably affected; nearly half of the patients in each group had flexion loss greater than 20 degrees (average, 27 degrees) at the proximal interphalangeal joint. Nearly a third of patients in both groups had fixed flexion contracture greater than 15 degrees at the proximal interphalangeal joint. There were more secondary procedures in the transarticular group (6) than in the cross-pinning group (2). There was no statistical significance between groups in any of the outcome parameters used. Conclusions Closed pinning minimizes additional soft tissue injury and allows for early motion, but neither fixation method was superior in terms of the measured parameters. In addition, overall results were not as good as what has been reported in the literature. (J Hand Surg 2012;37A:1342-1348. Copyright (c) 2012 by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand All rights reserved) C1 [Faruqui, Safi] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Orthoped Surg, Div Hand Surg, Portsmouth, VA 23700 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Orthoped Surg & Hand Surg, Cincinnati, OH USA. Hand Surg Spedalists Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Faruqui, S (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Orthoped Surg, Div Hand Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23700 USA. EM safi.faruqui@med.navy.mil NR 11 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0363-5023 J9 J HAND SURG-AM JI J. Hand Surg.-Am. Vol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 37A IS 7 BP 1342 EP 1348 DI 10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.04.019 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 031VN UT WOS:000310670700007 PM 22721457 ER PT J AU Chen, W Mied, RP Gao, BC Wagner, E AF Chen, Wei Mied, Richard P. Gao, Bo-Cai Wagner, Ellen TI Surface Velocities From Multiple-Tracer Image Sequences SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Current; current estimation; infrared or ocean color images; multiple tracers; velocity estimation ID TEMPERATURE TIME-SERIES; SATELLITE IMAGES; INVERSE MODEL; ZONE AB We discuss a new inverse model to estimate surface velocity using an image sequence with more than one tracer. The method employs the global optimal solution technique, which covers an image scene with subarrays or tiles, within which both velocity components are specified as bilinear forms. Substitution into the tracer conservation equation for each tracer yields a system of equations for the velocity field, which is constrained to fit the image data in a least-squares sense over the entire image domain. Solution is achieved iteratively by a Gauss-Seidel method. A numerical model is used as a benchmark to examine the accuracy of this new technique. Image pairs from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments onboard the NASA Terra and Aqua spacecraft and the hyperspectral imager for the coastal ocean instrument currently onboard the International Space Station are also used to demonstrate the new inverse model with actual ocean data. The derived vector field from MODIS is then compared with the velocity field obtained by the single-tracer technique, and the results are found to be qualitatively equivalent. C1 [Chen, Wei; Mied, Richard P.; Gao, Bo-Cai; Wagner, Ellen] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chen, W (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7230, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM wei.chen@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through Naval Research Laboratory [WU-4279-01] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through the project WU-4279-01 at the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1545-598X J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 9 IS 4 BP 769 EP 773 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2011.2181328 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 034YW UT WOS:000310909800048 ER PT J AU Roland, CM AF Roland, C. Michael TI GLASS TRANSITION IN RUBBERY MATERIALS SO RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT DEPENDENCE; WET SKID RESISTANCE; THERMORHEOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; FORMING LIQUIDS; CHAIN DYNAMICS; PRESSURE; TEMPERATURE; POLYMERS; RELAXATION AB When the perturbation frequency imposed on a rubber falls within the glass transition zone of its viacoelastic spectrum, energy absorption is maximized. This phenomenon is the operative mechanism for various applications of elastomers requiring large energy dissipation. Nevertheless, a fundamental understanding of the glass transition is lacking. The diversity of properties that depend both on chemical structure and thermodynamic conditions makes modeling difficult and a first principles theory perhaps unachievable; indeed, the number of models for the glass transition seems to be inversely proportional to their ability to accurately describe the myriad behaviors. The progress made at quantifying the role of the thermodynamic variables temperature, T, and density, rho, on the dynamics is described. An important aspect of the work was the discovery that relaxation times and viscosities of molecular liquids and polymers superpose when plotted against the scaling variable T/rho(gamma), with the scaling exponent gamma a material constant sensibly related to the nature of the intermolecular repulsive potential; thus, dynamic spectroscopy measurements can be used to quantify the forces between molecules. Other properties derive from the scaling behavior, including the Boyer-Spencer rule and the correlation of fluctuations in the potential energy with fluctuations in the virial pressure. [doi:10.5254/rct.12.87987] C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Roland, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM roland@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX I thank many collaborators, in particular R. Casalini, D. Coslovich, D. Fragiadakis, K. L. Ngai, M. Paluch, C. G. Robertson, and P. G. Santangelo. The financial support of the Office of Naval Research is greatly appreciated. NR 63 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC INC PI AKRON PA RUBBER DIV UNIV AKRON PO BOX 499, AKRON, OH 44309-0499 USA SN 0035-9475 J9 RUBBER CHEM TECHNOL JI Rubber Chem. Technol. PD JUL-SEP PY 2012 VL 85 IS 3 BP 313 EP 326 DI 10.5254/rct.12.87987 PG 14 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 020YC UT WOS:000309851500001 ER PT J AU Southall, BL Moretti, D Abraham, B Calambokidis, J DeRuiter, SL Tyack, PL AF Southall, Brandon L. Moretti, David Abraham, Bruce Calambokidis, John DeRuiter, Stacy L. Tyack, Peter L. TI Marine Mammal Behavioral Response Studies in Southern California: Advances in Technology and Experimental Methods SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE marine mammals; noise; underwater sound; transducer; behavioral response study ID BEAKED-WHALES AB Behavioral response studies (BRS) are increasingly being conducted to better understand basic behavioral patterns in marine animals and how underwater sounds, including from human sources, can affect them. These studies are being enabled and enhanced by advances in both acoustic sensing and transmission technologies. In the design of a 5-year project in southern California ("SOCAL-BRS"), the development of a compact, hand-deployable, ship-powered, 15-element vertical line array sound source enabled a fundamental change in overall project configuration from earlier efforts. The reduced size and power requirements of the sound source, which achieved relatively high output levels and directivity characteristics specified in the experimental design, enabled the use of substantially smaller research vessels. This size reduction favored a decentralization of field effort, with greater emphasis on mobile small boat operations capable of covering large areas to locate and tag marine mammals. These changes in configuration directly contributed to significant increases in tagging focal animals and conducting sound exposure experiments. During field experiments, received sound levels on tagged animals of several different species were within specified target ranges, demonstrating the efficacy of these new solutions to challenging field research problems. C1 [Southall, Brandon L.] Southall Environm Associates Inc, Aptos, CA 95003 USA. [Southall, Brandon L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Southall, Brandon L.] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Moretti, David] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI USA. [Abraham, Bruce] Appl Phys Sci Corp, Groton, CT USA. [Calambokidis, John] Cascadia Res Collect, Olympia, WA USA. [DeRuiter, Stacy L.] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modeling, St Andrews KY16 9AJ, Fife, Scotland. [Tyack, Peter L.] Univ St Andrews, Scottish Oceans Inst, Sea Mammal Res Unit, St Andrews KY16 9AJ, Fife, Scotland. RP Southall, BL (reprint author), Southall Environm Associates Inc, 9099 Soquel Dr,St 8, Aptos, CA 95003 USA. EM Brandon.Southall@sea-inc.net RI Tyack, Peter/D-6209-2013 OI Tyack, Peter/0000-0002-8409-4790 FU U.S. Navy's SCORE range based on San Clemente Island FX The authors would like to especially acknowledge the tireless and exceptional efforts of the entire SOCAL-BRS field and analytical teams. Over 40 individuals have been directly involved in planning, completing, and assessing the results of SOCAL-BRS, and this project would not have been possible without them. We would also like to thank the project sponsors, the U.S. Navy Chief of Naval Operations, Environmental Readiness Program under Drs. Frank Stone and Bob Gisiner and the Office of Naval Research Marine Mammal Program under Dr. Mike Weise. We also appreciate the support and collaboration of the U.S. Navy's SCORE range based on San Clemente Island. Discussions regarding experimental design and protective measures with the U.S. Marine Mammal Commission and the California Coastal Commissions were particularly helpful as well. Finally, various staff in NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service (Office of Protected Resources, Southwest Fisheries Science Center), Southwest Regional Stranding Network, and Channel Islands Marine Sanctuary were also extremely instrumental throughout the project. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 5 U2 28 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI COLUMBIA PA 5565 STERRETT PLACE, STE 108, COLUMBIA, MD 21044 USA SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 46 IS 4 BP 48 EP 59 PG 12 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 013VQ UT WOS:000309334400006 ER PT J AU Kellermann, M AF Kellermann, Michael TI Estimating Ideal Points in the British House of Commons Using Early Day Motions SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ROLL CALL ANALYSIS; PARLIAMENT AB This article develops a new method for estimating the ideological preferences of members of the British House of Commons. Existing methods produce implausible results due to high levels of party cohesion and strategic voting on the part of opposition parties. To circumvent these problems, this article estimates MP preferences using Early Day Motions (EDMs) as an alternative to roll-call votes. The Bayesian ideal point model for the decision to sign an EDM takes into account both policy preferences and signing costs. The estimates obtained have greater face validity than previous attempts to measure preferences in the House of Commons, recovering the expected order of parties and of members within parties. The estimates successfully predict voting behavior in the House of Commons. As with other Bayesian ideal point methods, this approach produces natural uncertainty estimates and allows for easy calculation of quantities of interest such as member ranks. C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. RP Kellermann, M (reprint author), USN Acad, 589 McNair Rd, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. EM kellerma@usna.edu NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0092-5853 J9 AM J POLIT SCI JI Am. J. Polit. Sci. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 56 IS 3 BP 757 EP 771 DI 10.1111/j.1540-5907.2012.00587.x PG 15 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA 975CR UT WOS:000306484900017 ER PT J AU Crandall, ML Usatine, RP AF Crandall, Michael L. Usatine, Richard P. TI Stubborn hand rash SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material ID TINEA-PEDIS C1 [Crandall, Michael L.] USN, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. [Usatine, Richard P.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Crandall, ML (reprint author), USN, Dept Dermatol, San Diego Med Ctr, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM mikecrandall7@gmail.com NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DOWDEN HEALTH MEDIA PI MONTVALE PA 110 SUMMIT AVE, MONTVALE, NJ 07645-1712 USA SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 61 IS 7 BP 421 EP + PG 3 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 003MR UT WOS:000308616400008 PM 22754894 ER PT J AU Blank, E Owens, BD Burks, R Belmont, PJ AF Blank, Elizabeth Owens, Brett D. Burks, Robert Belmont, Philip J., Jr. TI Incidence of Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome in Active Duty US Military Servicemembers SO ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article ID ROTATOR CUFF TEARS; HIP PAIN; GLUTEUS MEDIUS; UNITED-STATES; BURSITIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; OVERWEIGHT AB Although greater trochanteric pain syndrome is thought to be a common musculoskeletal disorder, little has been reported on the incidence rates of the disorder. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and demographic risk factors of greater trochanteric pain syndrome in a United States military population. Multivariate Poisson regression analysis was used to estimate the rate of greater trochanteric pain syndrome per 1000 person-years, controlling for sex, race, age, rank, and branch of service. The overall unadjusted incidence rate of greater trochanteric pain syndrome was 2.03 per 1000 person-years. Women had a significantly increased adjusted incidence rate ratio for greater trochanteric pain syndrome of 5.03 (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.91-5.16). The adjusted incidence rate ratio for White servicemembers compared with Black servicemembers was 1.36 (95% CI, 1.32-1.40). The adjusted incidence rate ratio for the 40+ age group compared with the 25 to 29 age group was 2.81 (95% CI, 2.68-2.95). Compared with junior officers, junior and senior enlisted ranks had an increased adjusted incidence rate ratio of 1.94 (95% CI, 1.84-2.04) and 1.17 (95% CI, 1.12-1.23), respectively. Compared with the Navy, each branch of service had an increased adjusted incidence rate ratio, with the Army at 2.90 (95% CI, 2.80-3.01), the Marines at 1.96 (95% CI, 1.87-2.07), and the Air Force at 1.33 (95% CI, 1.27-1.38). Female servicemembers had a five-fold greater incidence of greater trochanteric pain syndrome. Increasing age, enlisted rank groups, and service in the Army, Marines, or Air Force were also significant risk factors. C1 [Belmont, Philip J., Jr.] William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. [Blank, Elizabeth] Gen Leonard Wood Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Ft Leonard Wood, MO USA. [Owens, Brett D.] Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Surg Serv, West Point, NY USA. [Burks, Robert] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Belmont, PJ (reprint author), William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, 5005 N Piedras St, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. EM philip.belmont@amedd.army.mil RI Burks, Robert/J-2481-2015; OI Burks, Robert/0000-0001-6443-6653; Belmont, Philip/0000-0003-2618-199X NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0147-7447 J9 ORTHOPEDICS JI Orthopedics PD JUL PY 2012 VL 35 IS 7 BP E1022 EP E1027 DI 10.3928/01477447-20120621-14 PG 6 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 979QV UT WOS:000306835800003 PM 22784894 ER PT J AU Willer, RL Storey, RF Campbell, CG Bunte, SW Parrish, D AF Willer, Rodney L. Storey, Robson F. Campbell, Christopher G. Bunte, Steven W. Parrish, Damon TI A Re-Examination of the Reaction of 3,4-Diamino[1,2,5]oxadiazole with Glyoxal SO JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILM DEVICES; CHEMISTRY; FURAZANO<3,4-B>PIPERAZINE AB Reaction coordinate mapping was used to study the reaction of 3,4-diamino[1,2,5]oxadiazole (3,4-diaminofurazan) and 3,4-diamino[1,2,5]thiadiazole with glyoxal. The thiadiazole was known to give a good yield of [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine, whereas the oxadiazole had not yielded, until now, [1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine (or furazano[2,3-b]pyrazine). The calculations suggested that the diols, 5,6-dihydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine and 5,6-dihydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine should be stable intermediates, and once formed, should provide a pathway to the target compounds via two dehydration steps, under forcing conditions. With this information in mind, the reactions of 3,4-diamino[1,2,5]oxadiazole with glyoxal and pyruvic aldehyde were re-examined. The reaction of 3,4-diamino[1,2,5]oxadiazole with glyoxal and pyruvic aldehyde produced, under slightly basic conditions, a near quantitative yield of the expected initial products, 5,6-dihydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine and the 5-methyl analog, respectively. The diols were easily isolated by lyophilizing the aqueous reaction mixture. The diols were pyrolized on silica gel at 160 degrees C to give the desired [1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine and the 5-methyl analog. Both compounds were easily reduced to the corresponding 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-derivative using sodium borohydride in THF/methanol. The [1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine also displayed other interesting chemistry. C1 [Willer, Rodney L.; Storey, Robson F.; Campbell, Christopher G.] Univ So Mississippi, Sch Polymers & High Performance Mat, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Bunte, Steven W.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Parrish, Damon] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Willer, RL (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Sch Polymers & High Performance Mat, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. EM rodney.willer@usm.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-081006, N00014-11-AF-0-0002, N0001411MP20002] FX This work was funded by grants N00014-081006 (USM), N00014-11-AF-0-0002 (NRL), and N0001411MP20002 (ARL) from the Office of Naval Research (Dr. Clifford Bedford). The 3,4-diamino[1,2,5]oxadiazole used was kindly supplied by Dr. Stephen Palopoli and Robert Day of Alliant Tech Systems-Elkton, MD. All calculations were performed at the ARL DoD Supercomputing Resource Center of the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-152X EI 1943-5193 J9 J HETEROCYCLIC CHEM JI J. Heterocycl. Chem. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 49 IS 4 BP 919 EP 925 DI 10.1002/jhet.1054 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 003CX UT WOS:000308586900034 ER PT J AU Carr, MA Caton, PA Hamilton, LJ Cowart, JS Mehl, M Pitz, WJ AF Carr, Matthew A. Caton, Patrick A. Hamilton, Leonard J. Cowart, Jim S. Mehl, Marco Pitz, William J. TI An Experimental and Modeling-Based Study Into the Ignition Delay Characteristics of Diesel Surrogate Binary Blend Fuels SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID HYDROCARBONS AB This study examines the combustion characteristics of a binary mixture surrogate for possible future diesel fuels using both a single-cylinder research engine and a homogeneous reactor model using detailed chemical reaction kinetics. Binary mixtures of a normal straight-chain alkane (pure n-hexadecane, also known as n-cetane, C16H34) and an alkyl aromatic (toluene, C7H8) were tested in a single-cylinder research engine. Pure n-hexadecane was tested as a baseline reference, followed by 50%, 70%, and 80% toluene in hexadecane blends. Testing was conducted at fixed engine speed and constant indicated load. As references, two conventional petroleum-based fuels (commercial diesel and U. S. Navy JP-5 jet fuel) and five synthetic Fischer-Tropsch-based fuels were also tested. The ignition delay of the binary mixture surrogate increased with increasing toluene fraction and ranged from approximately 1.3 ms (pure hexadecane) to 3.0 ms (80% toluene in hexadecane). While ignition delay changed substantially, the location of 50% mass fraction burned did not change as significantly due to a simultaneous change in the premixed combustion fraction. Detailed chemical reaction rate modeling using a constant pressure, adiabatic, homogeneous reactor model predicts a chemical ignition delay with a similar trend to the experimental results but shorter overall magnitude. The difference between this predicted homogeneous chemical ignition delay and the experimentally observed ignition delay is defined as the physical ignition delay due to processes such as spray formation, entrainment, mixing, and vaporization. On a relative basis, the addition of 70% toluene to hexadecane causes a nearly identical relative increase in both physical and chemical ignition delay of approximately 50%. The chemical kinetic model predicts that, even though the addition of toluene delays the global onset of ignition, the initial production of reactive precursors such as HO2 and H2O2 may be faster with toluene due to the weakly bound methyl group. However, this initial production is insufficient to lead to wide-scale chain branching and ignition. The model predicts that the straight-chain alkane component (hexadecane) ignites first, causing the aromatic component to be consumed shortly thereafter. Greater ignition delay observed with the high toluene fraction blends is due to consumption of OH radicals by toluene. Overall, the detailed kinetic model captures the experimentally observed trends well and may be able to provide insight as to the relationship between bulk properties and physical ignition delay. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4006005] C1 [Carr, Matthew A.; Caton, Patrick A.; Hamilton, Leonard J.; Cowart, Jim S.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Mehl, Marco; Pitz, William J.] LLNL, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Carr, MA (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM patcaton@usna.edu; cowart@usna.edu RI Mehl, Marco/A-8506-2009 OI Mehl, Marco/0000-0002-2227-5035 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors wish to thank Dr. Dave Shiffler and Dr. Sharon Beerman-Curtain of the Office of Naval Research for their support of this work. The excellent technical support of Mr. John Hein, Mr. Charles Baesch, and Mr. Bob Woody is also acknowledged. The portion of this work supported by LLNL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 17 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 2012 VL 134 IS 7 AR 072803 DI 10.1115/1.4006005 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 000WF UT WOS:000308420300014 ER PT J AU Hayward, TJ Dhakal, S AF Hayward, Thomas J. Dhakal, Sagar TI Acoustic field and array response uncertainties in stratified ocean media SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PROPAGATION AB The change-of-variables theorem of probability theory is applied to compute acoustic field and array beam power probability density functions (pdfs) in uncertain ocean environments represented by stratified, attenuating ocean waveguide models. Computational studies for one and two-layer waveguides investigate the functional properties of the acoustic field and array beam power pdfs. For the studies, the acoustic parameter uncertainties are represented by parametric pdfs. The field and beam response pdfs are computed directly from the parameter pdfs using the normal-mode representation and the change-of-variables theorem. For two-dimensional acoustic parameter uncertainties of sound speed and attenuation, the field and beam power pdfs exhibit irregular functional behavior and singularities associated with stationary points of the mapping, defined by acoustic propagation, from the parameter space to the field or beam power space. Implications for the assessment of orthogonal polynomial expansion and other methods for computing acoustic field pdfs are discussed. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4728227] C1 [Hayward, Thomas J.; Dhakal, Sagar] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hayward, TJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM hayward@wave.nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through NRL FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through NRL Base Funding. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 132 IS 1 BP 56 EP 68 DI 10.1121/1.4728227 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 973LS UT WOS:000306362200016 PM 22779455 ER PT J AU Cranch, GA Miller, GA Kirkendall, CK AF Cranch, G. A. Miller, G. A. Kirkendall, C. K. TI Fiber-optic, cantilever-type acoustic motion velocity hydrophone SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE; FREQUENCY-RESPONSE; LASER; ARRAY; VIBRATION; SENSORS; LIQUID; FLUIDS AB The interaction between fluid loaded fiber-optic cantilevers and a low frequency acoustic wave is investigated as the basis for an acoustic vector sensor. The displacements of the prototype cantilevers are measured with an integrated fiber laser strain sensor. A theoretical model predicting the frequency dependent shape of acoustically driven planar and cylindrical fiber-optic cantilevers incorporating effects of fluid viscosity is presented. The model demonstrates good agreement with the measured response of two prototype cantilevers, characterized with a vibrating water column, in the regime of Re >= 1. The performance of each cantilever geometry is also analyzed. Factors affecting the sensor performance such as fluid viscosity, laser mode profile, and support motion are considered. The planar cantilever is shown to experience the largest acoustically induced force and hence the highest acoustic responsivity. However, the cylindrical cantilever exhibits the smoothest response in water, due to the influence of viscous fluid damping, and is capable of two axis particle velocity measurement. These cantilevers are shown to be capable of achieving acoustic resolutions approaching the lowest sea-state ocean noise. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4725764] C1 [Cranch, G. A.; Miller, G. A.; Kirkendall, C. K.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Cranch, GA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM geoff.cranch@nrl.navy.mil FU NRL FX The authors would like to thank J. Bucaro (NRL), A. Tveten (NRL), J. Michalowicz (NRL), S. Foster (DSTO), and M. J. Martin (Louisiana State University) for interesting discussions during various stages of this work and J. Lou (NRL) for useful comments on the manuscript. This work was funded by the NRL 6.2 base program. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 8 U2 37 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 132 IS 1 BP 103 EP 114 DI 10.1121/1.4725764 PG 12 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 973LS UT WOS:000306362200020 PM 22779459 ER PT J AU Valdivia, NP Williams, EG Herdic, PC Houston, B AF Valdivia, Nicolas P. Williams, Earl G. Herdic, Peter C. Houston, Brian TI Surface decomposition method for near-field acoustic holography SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE acoustic field; acoustic holography; acoustic intensity measurement; acoustic noise; boundary integral equations; decomposition; vibrations ID BOUNDARY-ELEMENT METHODS; WAVE SUPERPOSITION; EQUIVALENT SOURCES; LEAST-SQUARES; SCATTERING; PRESSURE AB Near-field acoustic holography reconstruction of the acoustic field at the surface of an arbitrarily shaped radiating structure from pressure measurements at a nearby conformal surface is obtained from the solution of a boundary integral equation. This integral equation is discretized using the equivalent source method and transformed into a matrix system that can be solved using iterative regularization methods that counteract the effect of noise on the measurements. This work considers the case when the resultant matrix system is so large that it cannot be explicitly formed and iterative methods of solution cannot be directly implemented. In this case the method of surface decomposition is proposed, where the measurement surface is divided into smaller nonoverlapping subsurfaces. Each subsurface is used to form a smaller matrix system that is solved and the result joined together to generate a global solution to the original matrix system. Numerically generated data are used to study the use of subsurface extensions to increase the continuity of the global solution, and investigate the size of the subsurfaces, as well as the distance between the measurement and the vibrating surface. Finally a vibrating ship hull structure is considered as a physical example to apply and validate the proposed methodology. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4728204] C1 [Valdivia, Nicolas P.; Williams, Earl G.; Herdic, Peter C.; Houston, Brian] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Valdivia, NP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7130, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM nicolas.valdivia@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 15 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 132 IS 1 BP 186 EP 196 DI 10.1121/1.4728204 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 973LS UT WOS:000306362200029 PM 22779468 ER PT J AU Calvo, DC Thangawng, AL Layman, CN AF Calvo, David C. Thangawng, Abel L. Layman, Christopher N. TI Low-frequency resonance of an oblate spheroidal cavity in a soft elastic medium SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB Axisymmetric monopole resonances of an oblate spheroidal cavity in a soft elastic medium are computed using both separation of variables and finite-element approaches. The resonances are obtained for compression wavelengths much longer than the cavity size and thus have a low-frequency character. Resonant frequencies for high-aspect-ratio oblate spheroids (either air-filled or evacuated) are found to be significantly lower than their spherical counterparts with equivalent volume. This finding contrasts with the case of an air bubble in water which features weak shape dependence. The results are relevant to the design of locally-resonant acoustic media using soft-lithography techniques with elastomers. C1 [Calvo, David C.; Thangawng, Abel L.; Layman, Christopher N.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Calvo, DC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7165,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.calvo@nrl.navy.mil; abel.thangawng@nrl.navy.mil; christopher.layman.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; National Research Council FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research. C.N.L. acknowledges support from the National Research Council. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 132 IS 1 BP EL1 EP EL7 DI 10.1121/1.4721646 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 973LS UT WOS:000306362200001 PM 22779566 ER PT J AU Hamlington, PE Poludnenko, AY Oran, ES AF Hamlington, Peter E. Poludnenko, Alexei Y. Oran, Elaine S. TI Intermittency in premixed turbulent reacting flows SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION-LAWS; DIRECT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; ENERGY-DISSIPATION-RATE; SCALAR DISSIPATION; ISOTROPIC TURBULENCE; DIFFUSION FLAMES; PASSIVE SCALAR; CHANNEL FLOW; STATISTICS; GRADIENT AB Intermittency in premixed reacting flows is studied using numerical simulations of premixed flames at a range of turbulence intensities. The flames are modeled using a simplified reaction mechanism that represents a stoichiometric H-2-air mixture. Intermittency is associated with high probabilities of large fluctuations in flow quantities, and these fluctuations can have substantial effects on the evolution and structure of premixed flames. Intermittency is characterized here using probability density functions (pdfs) and moments of the local enstrophy, pseudo-dissipation rate (strain rate magnitude), and scalar (reactant mass fraction) dissipation rate. Simulations of homogeneous isotropic turbulence with a nonreacting passive scalar are also carried out in order to provide a baseline for analyzing the reacting flow results. In the reacting flow simulations, conditional analyses based on local, instantaneous values of the scalar are used to study variations in the pdfs, moments, and intermittency through the flame. For low intensities, pdfs of the local enstrophy vary substantially through the flame, with greater intermittency near the products. Changes in the pseudo-dissipation pdfs are, however, less pronounced. As the intensity increases, both the enstrophy and pseudo-dissipation pdfs become increasingly independent of position in the flame and are similar to results from the nonreacting simulations. The scalar dissipation intermittency is largest near the reactants and increases at all flame locations with increasing turbulence intensity. For low intensities and in the reaction zone, however, scalar dissipation pdfs approximately follow a Gaussian distribution, indicative of substantially reduced intermittency. Deviations from log-normality are observed in the pdfs of all quantities, even for intensities and flame locations characterized by strong intermittency. The implications of these results for the internal structure of the flame are discussed, and we also propose a connection between reacting flow intermittency and anisotropic vorticity suppression by the flame. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729615] C1 [Hamlington, Peter E.; Poludnenko, Alexei Y.; Oran, Elaine S.] USN, Labs Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hamlington, Peter E.] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Hamlington, PE (reprint author), USN, Labs Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU National Research Council Research Associateship Program at the Naval Research Laboratory; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [F1ATA09114G005]; Office of Naval Research/Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was supported by an award to P.E.H. from the National Research Council Research Associateship Program at the Naval Research Laboratory, by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Grant No. F1ATA09114G005, and by the Office of Naval Research/Naval Research Laboratory 6.1 Base Program. Computing facilities were provided by the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program. NR 60 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 EI 1089-7666 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD JUL PY 2012 VL 24 IS 7 AR 075111 DI 10.1063/1.4729615 PG 25 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 000RQ UT WOS:000308406000040 ER PT J AU McIlhany, KL Wiggins, S AF McIlhany, Kevin L. Wiggins, Stephen TI Eulerian indicators under continuously varying conditions SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE chaos; mixing; random noise; rotational flow ID CHAOTIC ADVECTION; FLOWS; MIXER; TIME AB In this paper, we extend the notion of Eulerian indicators (EIs) for predicting Lagrangian mixing behavior previously developed for blinking flows to the continuous time setting. We apply the EIs to a study of mixing in a kinematic model of a time-dependent double-gyre with five different time dependencies-sinusoidal, sawtooth, square wave, triangular, and noise (which is constructed so that it is also periodic in time). Each of the five velocity fields is described by two parameters; the strength of the time dependence (epsilon) and the period (T). Based on a trajectory based quality of mixing diagnostic (Danckwerts' normalized variance of concentration) we find that noisy time dependence has the largest region of good mixing in the parameter space and triangular time dependence has parameter values corresponding to the most complete and fastest mixing. These Lagrangian based predictions are confirmed by the EIs (product of the transversality and mobility). Although not every feature of the mixing behavior is captured by EIs, we show that they do in general predict the regions in the parameter space under consideration that correspond to good mixing. Moreover, the EIs offer a factor of 100 computational advantage in exploring the parameter space in comparison with the trajectory based mixing diagnostic. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732152] C1 [McIlhany, Kevin L.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Wiggins, Stephen] Univ Bristol, Sch Math, Bristol BS8 1TW, Avon, England. RP McIlhany, KL (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Stop 9C,572C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM mcilhany@usna.edu; s.wiggins@bristol.ac.uk NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 EI 1089-7666 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD JUL PY 2012 VL 24 IS 7 AR 073601 DI 10.1063/1.4732152 PG 24 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 000RQ UT WOS:000308406000017 ER PT J AU Fleming, JW Sheinson, RS AF Fleming, James W. Sheinson, Ronald S. TI Development of a Cup Burner Apparatus for Fire Suppression Evaluation of High-Expansion Foams SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Suppression; Laminar flames; Aqueous high-expansion foam; Cup burner ID FLAME AB We developed a bench-scale high-expansion aqueous foam generator and integrated it into a traditional cup burner apparatus. Foam expansion ratios ranging from 50: 1 to 590: 1 could be achieved using air flow rates from 16 l/min to 38 l/min and liquid foam solution flow rates of 50 ml/min to 140 ml/min. The flow rates, foam expansion ratios, and cup burner flame extinction behavior with nitrogen provide a suitable bench-scale platform for controlled, systematic investigations of foam/flame interactions for a range of foam properties. Foams with an expansion ratio of 200: 1 contain 81% water by mass. When evaporated completely, this amount of water should be insufficient to extinguish propane flames in oxidizer streams with 60% oxygen based on extinction of these flames by water mist. However, the 200: 1 foam easily extinguishes a propane flame even in 100% oxygen. C1 [Fleming, James W.; Sheinson, Ronald S.] USN, Res Lab, Combust Dynam Sect, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fleming, JW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Combust Dynam Sect, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Code 6185, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM James.Fleming@NRL.NAVY.MIL; Ronald.Sheinson@NRL.NAVY.MIL FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX We acknowledge funding support from the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and contributions by NRL Student Interns D. Ross and A. Satisky. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0015-2684 J9 FIRE TECHNOL JI Fire Technol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 48 IS 3 BP 615 EP 623 DI 10.1007/s10694-009-0137-1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 985EJ UT WOS:000307245900005 ER PT J AU Ananth, R Willauer, HD Farley, JP Williams, FW AF Ananth, Ramagopal Willauer, Heather D. Farley, John P. Williams, Frederick W. TI Effects of Fine Water Mist on a Confined Blast SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Blast; Blast mitigation; Suppression; Water mist ID DIFFUSION FLAME; FLOW; BREAKUP; SUPPRESSION; MITIGATION; DROPLET; SYSTEMS AB A computational, multi-phase, model has been developed to study the interactions between water droplets and radial expansion of a gas cloud in a spherical chamber. Initial conditions for the gas cloud are specified based on chemical equilibrium calculations for the detonation of a high explosive (RDX). Mono-dispersed water droplets are injected at uniform concentration into the chamber prior to the expansion. A Lagrangian model is used to track the breakup of the parent drops near the shock front to form child drops, which are extremely small. The Navier-Stokes solutions show that the child droplets accumulate near the shock front and evaporate at 100 times higher rate than the parent droplets. Latent heat absorption is the dominant mechanism followed by the sensible heat absorption by the water vapor (and droplets), and momentum absorption from the high velocity gases by the child droplets. The simulations also show that the water vapor formed by the evaporation increases the gas density at the shock front. The increased density and reduced gas temperature (cooling) have opposite effects on the pressure at the shock front. This leads to only a modest suppression in the pressure. At realistic droplet concentrations (0.08 kg droplets/m(3) of air), the water mist is shown to evaporate completely in a short time (2.42 ms) prior to shock reflection at the chamber wall mainly due to the breakup at the shock front. High concentrations of mist may be desirable, but are difficult to achieve in practice at the total flooding conditions. C1 [Ananth, Ramagopal; Willauer, Heather D.; Farley, John P.; Williams, Frederick W.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ananth, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ramagopal.ananth@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory; DOD HPCMP on the AFRL Systems Center SGI Origin FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory. This work was made possible by a grant of computer time from the DOD HPCMP on the AFRL Systems Center SGI Origin 3900 and Altix 3700. We also thank Fluent Inc., Lebanon, NH for providing customer support during this work. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0015-2684 J9 FIRE TECHNOL JI Fire Technol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 48 IS 3 BP 641 EP 675 DI 10.1007/s10694-010-0156-y PG 35 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 985EJ UT WOS:000307245900007 ER PT J AU Huang, LL Massa, L AF Huang, Lulu Massa, Lou TI Quantum kernel applications in medicinal chemistry SO FUTURE MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; EXTENDED BASIS-SETS; VALENCE BASIS-SETS; STOMATITIS-VIRUS NUCLEOPROTEIN; TARGET INTERACTION ENERGIES; BETA-AMINO ACIDS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; TAILORING APPROACH; ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS AB Progress in the quantum mechanics of biological molecules is being driven by computational advances. The notion of quantum kernels can be introduced to simplify the formalism of quantum mechanics, making it especially suitable for parallel computation of very large biological molecules. The essential idea is to mathematically break large biological molecules into smaller kernels that are calculationally tractable, and then to represent the full molecule by a summation over the kernels. The accuracy of the kernel energy method (KEM) is shown by systematic application to a great variety of molecular types found in biology. These include peptides, proteins, DNA and RNA. Examples are given that explore the KEM across a variety of chemical models, and to the outer limits of energy accuracy and molecular size. KEM represents an advance in quantum biology applicable to problems in medicine and drug design. C1 [Huang, Lulu] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Massa, Lou] CUNY, Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Massa, Lou] CUNY, Grad Sch, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Huang, LL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM huang@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; PSC-CUNY; Naval Research Laboratory FX The research reported in this article was supported by the Office of Naval Research (L Huang) and funding from the PSC-CUNY and the Naval Research Laboratory (L Massa). The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript. NR 97 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 18 PU FUTURE SCI LTD PI LONDON PA UNITED HOUSE, 2 ALBERT PL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1756-8919 EI 1756-8927 J9 FUTURE MED CHEM JI Future Med. Chem. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 4 IS 11 BP 1479 EP 1494 DI 10.4155/FMC.12.92 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 998WK UT WOS:000308270900014 PM 22857535 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, NF Grandits, G Weintrob, A Ganesan, A Agan, B Landrum, M AF Crum-Cianflone, N. F. Grandits, G. Weintrob, A. Ganesan, A. Agan, B. Landrum, M. TI Skin and soft tissue infections among HIV-infected persons in the late combination antiretroviral therapy era SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV; skin and soft tissue infection; SSTI; MRSA; epidemiology; risk factors ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; RISK-FACTORS; MRSA BACTEREMIA; MEN; SEX; COLONIZATION; COHORT AB Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) occur at higher rates among HIV-infected persons, but current trends and risk factors are largely undefined. We evaluated SSTIs among a prospective cohort of HIV-infected persons during the late combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) era (2006-2010). Of the 1918 HIV-infected persons evaluated, 379 (20%) developed an SSTI during a median of 3.7 years of follow-up; of these, 118 (31%) developed at least one recurrent SSTI. The incidence rate of SSTIs was 101 (95% confidence interval [CI] 93-109) cases per 1000 person-years, and rates did not significantly change during the study period. Compared with not receiving cART and having an HIV RNA level >1000 copies/mL, patients receiving cART with an HIV RNA level <1000 copies/mL had a reduced risk of an SSTI (hazard ratio 0.64, 95% Cl 0.48-0.86, P < 0.01). In summary, initial and recurrent SSTIs are common among HIV-infected persons, and HIV control is associated with a lower risk of SSTIs. C1 [Crum-Cianflone, N. F.; Agan, B.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, N. F.] USN, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, N. F.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Grandits, G.] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Weintrob, A.; Ganesan, A.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Bethesda, MD USA. [Landrum, M.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Crum-Cianflone, NF (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM nancy.crum@med.nayy.mil OI Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP) [IDCRP-000-16]; Department of Defense (DoD) programme executed through Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [Y1-AI-5072] FX Support for this work (IDCRP-000-16) was provided by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) programme executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072. The content and views expressed in this publication is the sole responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the NTH or the Department of Health and Human Services, the DoD or the Departments of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Department of Defense, nor the US Government. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement by the US Government. The authors acknowledge that research protocol ('Trends and Causes of Hospitalizations among HIV-Infected Persons in the HAART Era', IDCRP #28) received applicable Institutional Review Board review and approval. We certify that all individuals who qualify as authors have been listed; each has participated in the conception and design of this work, the analysis of data, the writing of the document, and the approval of the submission of this version; that the document represents valid work; that if we used information derived from another source, we obtained all necessary approvals to use it and made appropriate acknowledgements in the document; and that each takes public responsibility for it. Nothing in the presentation implies any Federal/DOD/DON endorsement. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 0956-4624 J9 INT J STD AIDS JI Int. J. STD AIDS PD JUL PY 2012 VL 23 IS 7 BP 507 EP 511 DI 10.1258/ijsa.2011.011360 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 988MD UT WOS:000307494200011 PM 22844006 ER PT J AU Peeters, Z Changela, H Stroud, RM Alexander, CMO Nittler, LR AF Peeters, Z. Changela, H. Stroud, R. M. Alexander, C. M. O'D. Nittler, L. R. TI ORGANIC CARBON INCLUSIONS IN CR2 CHONDRITE GRAVES NUNATAKS 95229 SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 75th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 12-17, 2012 CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA SP Meteorit Soc, Australian Natl Univ, Australian Sci Instruments, Barringer Crater Co, Cameca, Australian Govt, Dept Ind, Innovat Sci, Res & Tertiary Educ, IMCA, Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Lunar & Planetary Inst, NASA, Planetary Studies Fdn, ThermoFisher Sci C1 [Peeters, Z.; Alexander, C. M. O'D.; Nittler, L. R.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Changela, H.; Stroud, R. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM zpeeters@ciw.edu NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 47 SU 1 SI SI BP A312 EP A312 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 987AV UT WOS:000307389700279 ER PT J AU Stroud, RM Chisholm, MF Amari, S Matsuda, J AF Stroud, Rhonda M. Chisholm, Matthew F. Amari, Sachiko Matsuda, Jun-ichi TI ABERRATION-CORRECTED STEM OF Q-RICH SEPARATES FROM THE SARATOV (L4) METEORITE SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 75th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 12-17, 2012 CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA SP Meteorit Soc, Australian Natl Univ, Australian Sci Instruments, Barringer Crater Co, Cameca, Australian Govt, Dept Ind, Innovat Sci, Res & Tertiary Educ, IMCA, Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Lunar & Planetary Inst, NASA, Planetary Studies Fdn, ThermoFisher Sci C1 [Stroud, Rhonda M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Chisholm, Matthew F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Amari, Sachiko] Washington Univ, McDonnell Ctr Space Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Amari, Sachiko] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Matsuda, Jun-ichi] Osaka Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Osaka 5600043, Japan. EM rhon-da.stroud@nrl.navy.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 47 SU 1 SI SI BP A363 EP A363 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 987AV UT WOS:000307389700330 ER PT J AU Westphal, AJ Gainsforth, Z Goldstein, JI Humayun, M Kunz, M Marcus, MA Stroud, RM Tamura, N AF Westphal, A. J. Gainsforth, Z. Goldstein, J. I. Humayun, M. Kunz, M. Marcus, M. A. Stroud, R. M. Tamura, N. TI SIMEIO: AN ULTRA NI-POOR METAL PARTICLE FROM COMET 81P/WILD2 SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 75th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 12-17, 2012 CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA SP Meteorit Soc, Australian Natl Univ, Australian Sci Instruments, Barringer Crater Co, Cameca, Australian Govt, Dept Ind, Innovat Sci, Res & Tertiary Educ, IMCA, Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Lunar & Planetary Inst, NASA, Planetary Studies Fdn, ThermoFisher Sci ID CHONDRITES; HISTORY C1 [Westphal, A. J.; Gainsforth, Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Goldstein, J. I.] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Humayun, M.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Humayun, M.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Kunz, M.; Marcus, M. A.; Tamura, N.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA USA. [Stroud, R. M.] USN, Nanoscale Mat Div, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. EM westphal@ssl.berkeley.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 47 SU 1 SI SI BP A408 EP A408 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 987AV UT WOS:000307389700375 ER PT J AU Wettergren, TA Costa, R AF Wettergren, Thomas A. Costa, Russell TI Optimal Multiobjective Placement of Distributed Sensors against Moving Targets SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON SENSOR NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE Algorithms; Design; Performance; Sensor networks; optimization; coverage ID MULTICRITERIA OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS; TRACK COVERAGE; NETWORKS; SEARCH AB We consider the optimal deployment of a sparse network of sensors against moving targets, under multiple conflicting objectives of search. The sensor networks of interest consist of sensors which perform independent binary detection on a target, and report detections to a central control authority. A multiobjective optimization framework is developed to find optimal trade-offs as a function of sensor deployment, between the conflicting objectives or maximizing the Probability of Successful Search (P-SS) and minimizing the Probability of False Search (P-FS), in a bounded search region of interest. The search objectives are functions of unknown sensor locations (represented parametrically by a probability density function), given sensor performance parameters, statistical priors on target behavior, and distributed detection criteria. Numerical examples illustrating the utility of this approach for varying target behaviors are given. C1 [Wettergren, Thomas A.; Costa, Russell] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Wettergren, TA (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM t.a.wettergren@ieee.org; russell.costa@navy.mil OI Wettergren, Thomas/0000-0002-6623-8412 FU Office of Naval Research; In-House Laboratory Independent Research Program of the Naval Undersea Warfare Center FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research Code 321MS and by the In-House Laboratory Independent Research Program of the Naval Undersea Warfare Center. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 1550-4859 EI 1550-4867 J9 ACM T SENSOR NETWORK JI ACM Trans. Sens. Netw. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 8 IS 3 AR 21 DI 10.1145/2240092.2240095 PG 23 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA 990CE UT WOS:000307607800003 ER PT J AU O'Brien, CW Snyder, MR Hallberg, EN Cenko, A AF O'Brien, C. W. Snyder, M. R. Hallberg, E. N. Cenko, A. TI Effects of targeting pod modification on F/A-18C Hornet weapons release SO AERONAUTICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB This paper describes a study that investigated the efficacy of modifications to the trailing end of the externally mounted advanced targeting forward looking infrared pod (ATFLIR) on the store separation characteristics of the F/A-18C aircraft. Prior work by Godiksen suggests that the trailing end of the geometrically similar targeting forward looking infrared pod (TFLIR) is the likely source of shock waves that can adversely impact the trajectory of a recently released store. In our study five different modifications to the aft end of the ATFLIR were analysed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The two most promising designs, an ogive shape such as that used in artillery shells and rockets, and a simpler extended but truncated cone shape were then further investigated. The moments that these trailing shapes produced on an adjacent released store were compared. CFD analysis revealed that the simpler cone shape resulted in weaker shocks from the aft end of the pod with a resultant smaller adverse moment on the store. While there is an extensive history of using CFD to predict store separation behavior, results from our study should be compared with wind tunnel data in order to validate the CFD simulations. C1 [O'Brien, C. W.; Snyder, M. R.] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Hallberg, E. N.] USN Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP O'Brien, CW (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. FU Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program Office FX A portion of this research was performed while then Midshipman O'Brien was a summer intern at the Maui High Performance Computing Center. The summer internship was funded by the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program Office. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL AERONAUTICAL SOC PI LONDON PA 4 HAMILTON PL, LONDON W1J 7BQ, ENGLAND SN 0001-9240 J9 AERONAUT J JI Aeronaut. J. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 116 IS 1181 BP 743 EP 755 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 984RP UT WOS:000307209500004 ER PT J AU Dawson, GN Warren, DE AF Dawson, Gray N. Warren, Daniel E. TI Evaluating and Treating Sexual Addiction SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Editorial Material ID BEHAVIOR C1 [Dawson, Gray N.; Warren, Daniel E.] Naval Hosp, Med Residency Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Dawson, GN (reprint author), Naval Hosp, Med Residency Program, Washington, DC USA. EM dawson@med.navy.mil NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 1 BP 74 EP + PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 983XN UT WOS:000307152100012 PM 22962915 ER PT J AU Hattendorf, JB AF Hattendorf, John B. TI The Foundations of British Maritime Ascendancy: Resources, Logistics and the State, 1755-1815 SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Hattendorf, John B.] USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. RP Hattendorf, JB (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 76 IS 3 BP 865 EP 867 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 974OJ UT WOS:000306445500018 ER PT J AU Field, CR Terray, AV Lubrano, AL Rogers, DA Hart, SJ Rose-Pehrsson, SL AF Field, C. R. Terray, A. V. Lubrano, A. L. Rogers, D. A. Hart, S. J. Rose-Pehrsson, S. L. TI Pneumatically modulated liquid delivery with feedback control SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID FLOW; CHIP AB We present the design and characterization of a pneumatically driven liquid delivery system using an embedded microcontroller with feedback control capable of maintaining a stable, constant flow rate over several hours of operation. Flow rates with relative standard deviations less than 1% were achieved and compared to a typical laboratory syringe pump. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732812] C1 [Field, C. R.; Terray, A. V.; Rogers, D. A.; Hart, S. J.; Rose-Pehrsson, S. L.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lubrano, A. L.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Field, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM christopher.field@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); Jerome and Isabella Karle Distinguished Scholar Fellowship FX Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and the Jerome and Isabella Karle Distinguished Scholar Fellowship. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 83 IS 7 AR 076102 DI 10.1063/1.4732812 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 988YR UT WOS:000307527900074 PM 22852737 ER PT J AU van Weeren, RJ Rottgering, HJA Rafferty, DA Pizzo, R Bonafede, A Bruggen, M Brunetti, G Ferrari, C Orru, E Heald, G McKean, JP Tasse, C de Gasperin, F Birzan, L van Zwieten, JE van der Tol, S Shulevski, A Jackson, N Offringa, AR Conway, J Intema, HT Clarke, TE van Bemmel, I Miley, GK White, GJ Hoeft, M Cassano, R Macario, G Morganti, R Wise, MW Horellou, C Valentijn, EA Wucknitz, O Kuijken, K Ensslin, TA Anderson, J Asgekar, A Avruch, IM Beck, R Bell, ME Bell, MR Bentum, MJ Bernardi, G Best, P Boonstra, AJ Brentjens, M van de Brink, RH Broderick, J Brouw, WN Butcher, HR van Cappellen, W Ciardi, B Eisloffel, J Falcke, H Fender, R Garrett, MA Gerbers, M Gunst, A van Haarlem, MP Hamaker, JP Hassall, T Hessels, JWT Koopmans, LVE Kuper, G van Leeuwen, J Maat, P Millenaar, R Munk, H Nijboer, R Noordam, JE Pandey, VN Pandey-Pommier, M Polatidis, A Reich, W Scaife, AMM Schoenmakers, A Sluman, J Stappers, BW Steinmetz, M Swinbank, J Tagger, M Tang, Y Vermeulen, R de Vos, M van Haarlem, MP AF van Weeren, R. J. Rottgering, H. J. A. Rafferty, D. A. Pizzo, R. Bonafede, A. Brueggen, M. Brunetti, G. Ferrari, C. Orru, E. Heald, G. McKean, J. P. Tasse, C. de Gasperin, F. Birzan, L. van Zwieten, J. E. van der Tol, S. Shulevski, A. Jackson, N. Offringa, A. R. Conway, J. Intema, H. T. Clarke, T. E. van Bemmel, I. Miley, G. K. White, G. J. Hoeft, M. Cassano, R. Macario, G. Morganti, R. Wise, M. W. Horellou, C. Valentijn, E. A. Wucknitz, O. Kuijken, K. Ensslin, T. A. Anderson, J. Asgekar, A. Avruch, I. M. Beck, R. Bell, M. E. Bell, M. R. Bentum, M. J. Bernardi, G. Best, P. Boonstra, A-J Brentjens, M. van de Brink, R. H. Broderick, J. Brouw, W. N. Butcher, H. R. van Cappellen, W. Ciardi, B. Eisloeffel, J. Falcke, H. Fender, R. Garrett, M. A. Gerbers, M. Gunst, A. van Haarlem, M. P. Hamaker, J. P. Hassall, T. Hessels, J. W. T. Koopmans, L. V. E. Kuper, G. van Leeuwen, J. Maat, P. Millenaar, R. Munk, H. Nijboer, R. Noordam, J. E. Pandey, V. N. Pandey-Pommier, M. Polatidis, A. Reich, W. Scaife, A. M. M. Schoenmakers, A. Sluman, J. Stappers, B. W. Steinmetz, M. Swinbank, J. Tagger, M. Tang, Y. Vermeulen, R. de Vos, M. van Haarlem, M. P. TI First LOFAR observations at very low frequencies of cluster-scale non-thermal emission: the case of Abell 2256 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE telescopes; radio continuum: general; galaxies: clusters: individual: Abell 2256; large-scale structure of Universe ID MERGING GALAXY CLUSTER; EXTENDED RADIO-EMISSION; X-RAY-EMISSION; DEEP 1.4 GHZ; SHOCK ACCELERATION; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; COMA CLUSTER; SKY SURVEY; ASTROPHYSICAL SHOCKS AB Abell 2256 is one of the best known examples of a galaxy cluster hosting large-scale diffuse radio emission that is unrelated to individual galaxies. It contains both a giant radio halo and a relic, as well as a number of head-tail sources and smaller diffuse steep-spectrum radio sources. The origin of radio halos and relics is still being debated, but over the last years it has become clear that the presence of these radio sources is closely related to galaxy cluster merger events. Here we present the results from the first LOFAR low band antenna (LBA) observations of Abell 2256 between 18 and 67 MHz. To our knowledge, the image presented in this paper at 63 MHz is the deepest ever obtained at frequencies below 100 MHz in general. Both the radio halo and the giant relic are detected in the image at 63 MHz, and the diffuse radio emission remains visible at frequencies as low as 20 MHz. The observations confirm the presence of a previously claimed ultra-steep spectrum source to the west of the cluster center with a spectral index of -2.3 +/- 0.4 between 63 and 153 MHz. The steep spectrum suggests that this source is an old part of a head-tail radio source in the cluster. For the radio relic we find an integrated spectral index of -0.81 +/- 0.03, after removing the flux contribution from the other sources. This is relatively flat which could indicate that the efficiency of particle acceleration at the shock substantially changed in the last similar to 0.1 Gyr due to an increase of the shock Mach number. In an alternative scenario, particles are re-accelerated by some mechanism in the downstream region of the shock, resulting in the relatively flat integrated radio spectrum. In the radio halo region we find indications of low-frequency spectral steepening which may suggest that relativistic particles are accelerated in a rather inhomogeneous turbulent region. C1 [van Weeren, R. J.; Rottgering, H. J. A.; Rafferty, D. A.; Birzan, L.; van der Tol, S.; Miley, G. K.; Kuijken, K.; Garrett, M. A.; Pandey-Pommier, M.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [van Weeren, R. J.; Pizzo, R.; Heald, G.; McKean, J. P.; van Zwieten, J. E.; van Bemmel, I.; Morganti, R.; Wise, M. W.; Asgekar, A.; Avruch, I. M.; Bentum, M. J.; Boonstra, A-J; Brentjens, M.; van de Brink, R. H.; Brouw, W. N.; Butcher, H. R.; van Cappellen, W.; Falcke, H.; Garrett, M. A.; Gerbers, M.; Gunst, A.; van Haarlem, M. P.; Hamaker, J. P.; Hessels, J. W. T.; Kuper, G.; van Leeuwen, J.; Maat, P.; Millenaar, R.; Munk, H.; Nijboer, R.; Noordam, J. E.; Polatidis, A.; Schoenmakers, A.; Sluman, J.; Tang, Y.; Vermeulen, R.; de Vos, M.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Bonafede, A.; Brueggen, M.] Jacobs Univ Bremen, D-28759 Bremen, Germany. [Brunetti, G.; Cassano, R.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Ferrari, C.; Macario, G.] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observ Cote Azur, Lab Lagrange,UMR 7293, F-06300 Nice, France. [Orru, E.; Falcke, H.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Tasse, C.] Observ Paris, GEPI, F-92190 Meudon, France. [de Gasperin, F.; Valentijn, E. A.; Ensslin, T. A.; Bell, M. R.; Ciardi, B.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Shulevski, A.; Offringa, A. R.; Morganti, R.; Avruch, I. M.; Brouw, W. N.; Koopmans, L. V. E.; Pandey, V. N.] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Jackson, N.; Hassall, T.; Stappers, B. W.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Conway, J.; Horellou, C.] Chalmers, Onsala Space Observ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, S-43992 Onsala, Sweden. [Intema, H. T.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Clarke, T. E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [White, G. J.] Open Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Heerlen, Netherlands. [White, G. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Dept Space Sci, Chilton, England. [Hoeft, M.; Eisloeffel, J.] Thuringer Landessternwarte, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. [Wise, M. W.; Hessels, J. W. T.; van Leeuwen, J.; Swinbank, J.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Wucknitz, O.] Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Anderson, J.; Beck, R.; Reich, W.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Bell, M. E.; Broderick, J.; Fender, R.; Scaife, A. M. M.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Bernardi, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Best, P.] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Butcher, H. R.] Australian Natl Univ, Mt Stromlo Obs, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Pandey-Pommier, M.] Observ Lyon, Ctr Rech Astrophys Lyon, F-69561 St Genis Laval, France. [Steinmetz, M.] Leibniz Inst Astrophys Potsdam AIP, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany. [Tagger, M.] Lab Phys & Chim Environm & Espace, F-45071 Orleans 2, France. RP van Weeren, RJ (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM rvweeren@strw.leidenuniv.nl RI Falcke, Heino/H-5262-2012; Tagger, Michel/O-6615-2014; Shulevski, Aleksandar/E-5591-2015; Ciardi, Benedetta/N-7625-2015; Intema, Huib/D-1438-2012; OI Falcke, Heino/0000-0002-2526-6724; Tagger, Michel/0000-0003-2962-3220; Shulevski, Aleksandar/0000-0002-1827-0469; Cassano, Rossella/0000-0003-4046-0637; de Gasperin, Francesco/0000-0003-4439-2627; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660; Intema, Huib/0000-0002-5880-2730; Swinbank, John/0000-0001-9445-1846; Brunetti, Gianfranco/0000-0003-4195-8613 FU Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [FOR1254, WU 588/1-1]; PRIN-INAF; ASI-INAF [I/009/10/0]; Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-09-JCJC-0001-01]; 6.1 Base funding; European Commission [PERG02-GA-2007-224897] FX We thank the anonymous referee for useful comments. LOFAR, the Low Frequency Array designed and constructed by ASTRON, has facilities in several countries, that are owned by various parties (each with their own funding sources), and that are collectively operated by the International LOFAR Telescope (ILT) foundation under a joint scientific policy. We thank Ming Sun for providing Chandra X-ray image. We have used the "cubehelix" color scheme from Green (2011). R.J.v.W. acknowledges funding from the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. M. B., A. B. and M. H. acknowledge support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under grant FOR1254. G. B. and R. C. acknowledge partial support through PRIN-INAF 2009 and ASI-INAF I/009/10/0. C. F. and G. M. acknowledge financial support by the "Agence Nationale de la Recherche" through grant ANR-09-JCJC-0001-01. Basic research in radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 Base funding. The Open University is incorporated by Royal Charter (RC 000391), an exempt charity in England & Wales and a charity registered in Scotland (SC 038302). HTI is Jansky Fellow of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. O.W. is supported by the "Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft" (Emmy-Noether Grant WU 588/1-1) and by the European Commission (European Reintegration Grant PERG02-GA-2007-224897 "WIDEMAP"). NR 92 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 3 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 543 AR A43 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201219154 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 976PQ UT WOS:000306597200043 ER PT J AU Belmont, PJ McCriskin, BJ Sieg, RN Burks, R Schoenfeld, AJ AF Belmont, Philip J., Jr. McCriskin, Brendan J. Sieg, Ryan N. Burks, Robert Schoenfeld, Andrew J. TI Combat wounds in Iraq and Afghanistan from 2005 to 2009 SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Military; combat; casualty; wound; epidemiology ID OPERATION-ENDURING-FREEDOM; SURGICAL-TEAM; US ARMY; CASUALTY CARE; INJURY; WAR AB BACKGROUND: There have been no large cohort studies examining the wounding patterns and injury mechanisms in Iraq and Afghanistan from 2005 to 2009. This investigation sought to characterize the incidence and epidemiology of combat-related injuries for this period. METHODS: Using the Joint Theater Trauma Registry, a detailed description of the combat casualty care statistics, distribution of wounds, and injury mechanisms sustained by all US service members for wounds (DRG International Classification of Diseases-9th Rev. codes 800-960) during the Iraq and Afghanistan Wars from 2005 to 2009 was performed. RESULTS: Among the 1,992,232 military service members who were deployed, there were 29,624 distinct combat wounds in 7,877 combat casualties. The mean age of the combat casualty cohort was 26.0 years old. The combat casualties were predominantly male (98.8%), Army (77.5%), and junior enlisted (59.0%). The distribution of combat wounds was as follows: head/neck, 28.1%; thorax, 9.9%; abdomen, 10.1%; and extremities, 51.9%. Explosive injury mechanisms accounted for 74.4% of all combat casualties, which was significantly higher than those caused by gunshot wounds (19.9%) (p < 0.0001). From 2005 to 2007, explosive mechanisms of injury were significantly more common in Iraq than in Afghanistan (p < 0.001). The percentage of explosive mechanisms increased significantly in Afghanistan between the years 2007 (59.5%) and 2008 (73.6%) (p < 0.0003). CONCLUSION: The wounding patterns observed in Iraq and Afghanistan from 2005 to 2009 differ from previous conflicts. Explosive mechanisms accounted for 74.4% of combat casualties, which is a higher percentage than in previous US conflicts. A progressive increase in the use of explosive mechanisms in Afghanistan, eventually equaling that in Iraq, was observed during the study period. (J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012; 73: 3-12. Copyright (C) 2012 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins) LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Epidemiological study, level II. C1 [Belmont, Philip J., Jr.; McCriskin, Brendan J.; Sieg, Ryan N.; Schoenfeld, Andrew J.] Texas Tech Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. [Burks, Robert] USN, Dept Operat Res, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Schoenfeld, AJ (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, 5005 N Piedras St, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. EM andrew.schoenfeld@amedd.army.mil RI Burks, Robert/J-2481-2015; OI Burks, Robert/0000-0001-6443-6653; Belmont, Philip/0000-0003-2618-199X; Schoenfeld, Andrew/0000-0002-3691-1215 FU Haemonetics FX Disclosures of Significant Relationships with Relevant Commercial Companies/Organizations by the Editorial Staff: Ernest E. Moore, MD, Editor, received research support from Haemonetics. David B. Hoyt, MD, Associate Editor/CME Editor, Ronald Maier, MD, Associate Editor, and Steven Shackford, MD, Associate Editor have nothing to disclose. Jennifer Crebs, Managing Editor, received consulting fees from Golden Helix, ExpressionAnalysis, Illumina, and Lineagan. Jo Fields, Editorial Assistant, and Angela Sauaia, MD, Biostatistician, have nothing to disclose. NR 28 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 2163-0755 J9 J TRAUMA ACUTE CARE JI J. Trauma Acute Care Surg. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 73 IS 1 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318250bfb4 PG 10 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 979JU UT WOS:000306814100002 PM 22743366 ER PT J AU Ita, EE AF Ita, Eyo Eyo, III TI INSTANTON REPRESENTATION OF PLEBANSKI GRAVITY. APPLICATION TO GRAVITONS ABOUT de SITTER SPACETIME SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS D LA English DT Article DE Instanton; representation; gravitons; spacetime ID GENERAL-RELATIVITY; FORMULATION AB Using the instanton representation method, we re-construct graviton solutions about de Sitter spacetime. We have used this example as a testing arena to expose the internal structure of the method and to establish that it works for known solutions. This paper is a precursor for its application to the construction of new General Relativity solutions in future work. C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Ita, EE (reprint author), USN Acad, 572C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM ita@usna.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-2718 J9 INT J MOD PHYS D JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. D PD JUL PY 2012 VL 21 IS 7 AR 1250059 DI 10.1142/S0218271812500599 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 984GT UT WOS:000307178800001 ER PT J AU Hourani, L Bender, RH Weimer, B Peeler, R Bradshaw, M Lane, M Larson, G AF Hourani, Laurel Bender, Randall H. Weimer, Belinda Peeler, Russ Bradshaw, Michael Lane, Marian Larson, Gerald TI Longitudinal study of resilience and mental health in marines leaving military service SO JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE Longitudinal; Mental health; PTSD; Resilience; Military; Combat exposure ID PRIMARY-CARE; SCALE; POLYMORPHISM; DEPRESSION; DEPLOYMENT; DISORDER; STRESS; SENSE; GENE AB Background: Despite a growing emphasis on psychological outcomes following military combat, few longitudinal studies have examined the combined role of risk and protective factors in the mental health of combat-exposed military personnel. This study characterizes the impact of resilience scale scores and combat exposure on mental health outcomes among Marines after separating from military service, along with intra-individual changes in mental health status. Methods: Data were collected from longitudinal surveys of 475 active duty Marines attending a random sample of mandatory Transition Assistance Program workshops before leaving the military and responding to follow-up mail or web surveys an average of 6 months after returning to civilian life. Results: Results revealed distinct risk and protective factors for those meeting screening criteria for mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and PTSD) and functional impairment at follow-up. Primary risk factors included experiencing higher levels of pre-separation combat exposure; post-separation stress across multiple life domains; and experiencing multiple areas of pain post-separation. Protective factors include having higher scores on pre-separation resilience and perceived social support at follow-up indices. We also identified a number of factors associated with change in mental health status from baseline to follow-up. Limitations: Generality is limited by a lower than expected follow-up response rate and an exclusively Marine sample. Conclusion: The role of resilience appeared to have a greater impact on functional impairment than on mental health symptoms per se. Findings provide important input for enhancing training programs and services intended to promote adjustment from military to civilian life. Additional emphasis on social support and coping with stress-related issues are needed in support of combat veterans. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hourani, Laurel; Bender, Randall H.; Weimer, Belinda; Peeler, Russ; Bradshaw, Michael; Lane, Marian] RTI Int, Virginia Beach, VA 23453 USA. [Larson, Gerald] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Hourani, L (reprint author), RTI Int, 2769 Pleasant Acres Dr, Virginia Beach, VA 23453 USA. EM Hourani@rti.org FU Naval Health Research Center [W911QY-08-D-0021/DO3] FX This study was supported by the Naval Health Research Center contract number W911QY-08-D-0021/DO3. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0327 J9 J AFFECT DISORDERS JI J. Affect. Disord. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 139 IS 2 BP 154 EP 165 DI 10.1016/j.jad.2012.01.008 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 975TV UT WOS:000306535300006 PM 22381952 ER PT J AU Klein, PB Nwagwu, U Edgar, JH Freitas, JA AF Klein, P. B. Nwagwu, Ugochukwu Edgar, J. H. Freitas, J. A., Jr. TI Photoluminescence investigation of the indirect band gap and shallow impurities in icosahedral B12As2 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BORON-RICH SOLIDS; BETA-RHOMBOHEDRAL BORON; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; SEMICONDUCTORS; CARBON; EXCITONS; LUMINESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; PHOSPHIDE AB The indirect band gap of icosahedral B12As2 (IBA) has been determined by variable temperature photoluminescence measurements (8K-294K) on solution-grown bulk samples. In addition, evidence of three shallow acceptor levels and one shallow donor level is reported. The low-temperature spectra were characterized by broad and intense deep defect emission, donor-acceptor pair (DAP) bands, and exciton recombination. The appearance of DAP emission verifies the incorporation of a donor in IBA, which has not been reported previously. The temperature dependence of the free exciton (FE) intensity reflected a FE binding energy of 45 meV. The variation of the FE peak position with temperature was fitted with both Varshni and Passler models to determine an expression for the temperature dependence of the indirect band gap. The resulting low and room temperature band gaps are E-g(0)=3.470 eV and E-g(294 K)=3.373 eV, respectively. The latter is not consistent with previous reports of the room temperature band gap, 3.20 eV and 3.47 eV, derived from band structure calculations and optical absorption, respectively. The origin of these discrepancies is discussed. The DAP spectra reveal three relatively shallow acceptors with binding energies of approximate to 175, 255, and 291 meV, and a shallow donor with binding energy approximate to 25 meV. Although the identity of the individual acceptors is not known, they appear to be associated with the light-hole band. The small donor binding energy is suggestive of an interstitial donor impurity, which is suspected to be Ni. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729920] C1 [Klein, P. B.; Freitas, J. A., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nwagwu, Ugochukwu; Edgar, J. H.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Klein, PB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU II-VI Foundation FX Support for this project from the II-VI Foundation is greatly appreciated. NR 55 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 112 IS 1 AR 013508 DI 10.1063/1.4729920 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 975LS UT WOS:000306513400028 ER PT J AU Storm, DF Katzer, DS Meyer, DJ Binari, SC AF Storm, D. F. Katzer, D. S. Meyer, D. J. Binari, S. C. TI Oxygen incorporation in homoepitaxial N-polar GaN grown by radio frequency-plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy: Mitigation and modeling SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HETEROSTRUCTURES; LAYERS; HEMTS AB We have investigated the effect of gallium deposition and desorption cycles and ultrathin (15 angstrom) AlN layers on the oxygen impurity concentrations in homoepitaxial N-polar GaN layers. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) indicates that three Ga deposition and desorption cycles reduce the total oxygen by 70%-80%, while ten cycles reduces the total oxygen by more than 90%. We present a model of surface segregation and incorporation which accurately captures the distribution of oxygen in these layers. By fitting the model to the SIMS data, we are able to determine the fraction of an oxygen layer adsorbed on a GaN surface which segregates upon initiation of epitaxial GaN growth. Under the conditions investigated, we find this fraction to be 80%. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732457] C1 [Storm, D. F.; Katzer, D. S.; Meyer, D. J.; Binari, S. C.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Storm, DF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Code 6852,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Katzer, D. Scott/N-7841-2013 FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors wish to thank Dr. Glenn Jernigan for helpful discussions and Mr. Neil Green for assistance in sample preparation. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 112 IS 1 AR 013507 DI 10.1063/1.4732457 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 975LS UT WOS:000306513400027 ER PT J AU Shinoda, T Han, WQ Metzger, EJ Hurlburt, HE AF Shinoda, Toshiaki Han, Weiqing Metzger, E. Joseph Hurlburt, Harley E. TI Seasonal Variation of the Indonesian Throughflow in Makassar Strait SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID EQUATORIAL INDIAN-OCEAN; KELVIN WAVES; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; TROPICAL PACIFIC; LOMBOK STRAIT; ROSSBY WAVES; CIRCULATION; MODEL; DYNAMICS; TRANSPORT AB The seasonal variation of Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) transport is investigated using ocean general circulation model experiments with the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). Twenty-eight years (1981-2008) of 1/3 degrees Indo-Pacific basin HYCOM simulations and three years (2004-06) from a 1/12 degrees global HYCOM simulation are analyzed. Both models are able to simulate the seasonal variation of upper-ocean currents and the total transport through Makassar Strait measured by International Nusantara Stratification and Transport (INSTANT) moorings reasonably well. The annual cycle of upper-ocean currents is then calculated from the Indo-Pacific HYCOM simulation. The reduction of southward currents at Makassar Strait during April May and October November is evident, consistent with the INSTANT observations. Analysis of the upper-ocean currents suggests that the reduction in ITF transport during April May and October November results from the wind variation in the tropical Indian Ocean through the generation of a Wyrtki jet and the propagation of coastal Kelvin waves, while the subsequent recovery during January March originates from upper-ocean variability associated with annual Rossby waves in the Pacific that are enhanced by western Pacific winds. These processes are also found in the global HYCOM simulation during the period of the INSTANT observations. The model experiments forced with annual-mean climatological wind stress in the Pacific and 3-day mean wind stress in the Indian Ocean show the reduction of southward currents at Makassar Strait during October November but no subsequent recovery during January March, confirming the relative importance of wind variations in the Pacific and Indian Oceans for the ITE transport in each season. C1 [Shinoda, Toshiaki; Metzger, E. Joseph; Hurlburt, Harley E.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Han, Weiqing] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Shinoda, T (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM toshiaki.shinoda@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Shinoda, Toshiaki/J-3745-2016 OI Shinoda, Toshiaki/0000-0003-1416-2206 FU 6.1 projects, "Dynamics of the Indonesian Throughflow and Its Remote Impact"; The Influence of Atmosphere Ocean Interaction on MJO Development and Propagation [601153N]; 6.2 project "Eddy Resolving Global Ocean Prediction including Tides" [602435N]; Office of Naval Research; NOAA/Modeling, Analysis, Predictions and Projections (MAPP) program; NASA Ocean Surface Topography Science Team Program Award [NNX08AR62G]; NSF CAREER Award [OCE 0847605] FX The altimeter products are produced by SSALTO/DUACS and are distributed by AVISO. ITF transport time series from the INSTANT observations were provided by Arnold Gordon and Dwi Susanto. This research is supported in part by 6.1 projects, "Dynamics of the Indonesian Throughflow and Its Remote Impact" and "The Influence of Atmosphere Ocean Interaction on MJO Development and Propagation" (Program Element 601153N) and the 6.2 project "Eddy Resolving Global Ocean Prediction including Tides" (Program Element 602435N) sponsored by the Office of Naval Research and by the NOAA/Modeling, Analysis, Predictions and Projections (MAPP) program. Weiqing Han is supported by NASA Ocean Surface Topography Science Team Program Award NNX08AR62G and NSF CAREER Award OCE 0847605. NR 58 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 EI 1520-0485 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 42 IS 7 BP 1099 EP 1123 DI 10.1175/JPO-D-11-0120.1 PG 25 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 980FS UT WOS:000306879600004 ER PT J AU Goodman, J Rudd, K Clancy, TC AF Goodman, Joel Rudd, Kevin Clancy, T. Charles TI Blind Multiuser Localization in Cognitive Radio Networks SO IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Blind multiuser localization; angle-of-arrival; received signal strength; dynamic spectrum access; cognitive radio ID MUSIC AB Sources localization enables a network of homogeneous receivers monitoring the radio frequency spectrum to assign unique labels to track heterogeneous emitters. When multiple emitters transmit simultaneously on the same frequency, it is desirable for network-based geolocation to take place without prior knowledge of the emitters' waveform, bandwidth and/or timing information. In this letter we describe a simple technique to associate multiple detections on the same frequency to geolocate emitters by probabilistically combining angle-of-arrival and signal strength information, and demonstrate its performance under varying channel conditions. C1 [Goodman, Joel; Rudd, Kevin] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Clancy, T. Charles] Virginia Tech, Hume Ctr Natl Secur & Technol, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Goodman, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joel.goodman@nrl.navy.mil; kevin.rudd@nrl.navy.mil; tcc@vt.edu NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1089-7798 J9 IEEE COMMUN LETT JI IEEE Commun. Lett. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 16 IS 7 BP 1018 EP 1021 DI 10.1109/LCOMM.2012.050412.120217 PG 4 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA 976QI UT WOS:000306599000018 ER PT J AU Lynch, RS Willett, PK Reinert, JM AF Lynch, Robert S. Willett, Peter K. Reinert, Joshua M. TI Some Analysis of the LPI Concept for Active Sonar SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Detector structures; efficacy; locally optimal detection; Gaussian noise; non-Gaussian noise ID TRANSIENT SIGNALS AB A low probability of intercept (LPI) waveform is designed to appear to the target it probes as noise, and consequently the robust target receiver can detect only a rise in random energy. It can be recalled by the transmitter (platform), and matched to what is received; however, the platform pays a heavy two-way attenuation penalty: its signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is far lower than that at the target. How these two factors trade off against one another is the topic of this paper. It will be shown that the sonar's time-bandwidth product is generally unfavorable to LPI. For most cases of interest in a Gaussian noise environment, LPI sonar does not favor covert observation for sonar signals shorter than 1 min at ranges greater than 100 yards. However, LPI sonar may have a key role in non-Gaussian heavy-tailed noise environments. Specifically, LPI may play a role in environments where the ambient noise has a kurtosis of around 10. C1 [Lynch, Robert S.] USN, Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Signal Proc Branch, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Willett, Peter K.; Reinert, Joshua M.] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Reinert, Joshua M.] AREVA, F-75009 Paris, France. RP Lynch, RS (reprint author), USN, Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Signal Proc Branch, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM robert.s.lynch@navy.mil; willett@engr.uconn.edu; reinert@alum.mit.edu OI Willett, Peter/0000-0001-8443-5586 NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 37 IS 3 BP 446 EP 455 DI 10.1109/JOE.2012.2191654 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 975OZ UT WOS:000306522000011 ER PT J AU Clark, CA AF Clark, Cathy Ann TI Wave Propagation Prediction Over a Thin Elastic Sediment and Rock Basement SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Acoustics; bottom sediment propagation; elastic media; shear; underwater sound propagation; wave equation ID BOTTOM REFLECTION LOSS; TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENTS; ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION; SHALLOW-WATER; LAYER; BOUNDARY; SEA AB In this paper, a model which computes both compressional- and shear-wave transmissions and reflections through a sediment layer is utilized to formulate a single bottom reflection coefficient which is shown to successfully predict resonance effects due to shear-wave conversion in various types of sediment. Comparisons of model results to published bottom loss curves are presented. Propagation results obtained by implementing the bottom loss calculations in a normal mode model are compared to other model results and measured data sets over a variety of bottom types. C1 USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Clark, CA (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM cathy.clark@navy.mil FU U.S. Office of Naval Research under the FY10 In-house Laboratory Independent Research Program FX Manuscript received December 01, 2010; revised July 25, 2011 and March 08, 2012; accepted March 26, 2012. Date of publication May 15, 2012; date of current version July 10, 2012. This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research under the FY10 In-house Laboratory Independent Research Program, administered by the Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC), Division Newport, Newport, RI. A brief overview of the model derivation and comparisons to measured data previously appeared in a Technical Memorandum by D. McCammon and S. Hollingsworth of the Applied Research Laboratory of Pennsylvania State University. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 37 IS 3 BP 494 EP 506 DI 10.1109/JOE.2012.2196169 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 975OZ UT WOS:000306522000015 ER PT J AU Herbers, THC Jessen, PF Janssen, TT Colbert, DB MacMahan, JH AF Herbers, T. H. C. Jessen, P. F. Janssen, T. T. Colbert, D. B. MacMahan, J. H. TI Observing Ocean Surface Waves with GPS-Tracked Buoys SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIRECTIONAL SPECTRUM; FIELD-EVALUATION; ZONE; NEARSHORE; DRIFTER AB Surface-following buoys are widely used to collect routine ocean wave measurements. While accelerometer and tilt sensors have been used for decades to measure the wave-induced buoy displacements, alternative global positioning system (GPS) sensor packages have been introduced recently that are generally smaller, less expensive, and do not require calibration. In this study, the capabilities of several GPS sensors are evaluated with field observations in wind-sea and swell conditions off the California coast. The GPS buoys used in this study include Datawell Directional Waverider and Mini Directional Waverider buoys equipped with a specialized GPS Doppler shift sensor, and a low-cost experimental drifter equipped with an "off the shelf" GPS receiver for absolute position tracking. Various GPS position receivers were attached to the Waverider buoys to evaluate their potential use in low-cost wave-resolving drifters. Intercomparisons between the Datawell GPS-based buoys, the experimental GPS drifter, and a conventional Datawell buoy with an accelerometer-tilt-compass sensor package, show good agreement in estimates of wave frequency and direction spectra. Despite the limited (several meters) absolute accuracy of the GPS position receivers, the horizontal wave orbital displacements are accurately resolved, even in benign (significant wave height less than 1 m) swell conditions. Vertical sea surface displacements were not well resolved by the GPS position receivers with built-in or small patch antennas, but accurately measured when an external precision antenna was attached to the drifter. Overall, the field tests show excellent agreement between Datawell buoys using GPS and motion-sensor packages, and demonstrate the feasibility of observing ocean surface waves with low-cost GPS-tracked drifters. C1 [Herbers, T. H. C.; Jessen, P. F.; Colbert, D. B.; MacMahan, J. H.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Janssen, T. T.] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Geosci, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. RP Herbers, THC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM thherber@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX This research is supported by the Office of Naval Research (Physical Oceanography Program and Littoral Geosciences and Optics Program). The captain and crew of the RN Gordon Sproul provided excellent support in the field experiments. Helpful suggestions by the anonymous reviewers are very much appreciated. NR 17 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 29 IS 7 BP 944 EP 959 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-11-00128.1 PG 16 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 978CH UT WOS:000306717400006 ER PT J AU Brunell, MK AF Brunell, Marla K. TI Comparison of Noncontact Infrared Thermometry and 3 Commercial Subcutaneous Temperature Transponding Microchips with Rectal Thermometry in Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID OBTAINING BODY-TEMPERATURE; INTENSIVE-CARE UNIT; CORE TEMPERATURE; PULMONARY-ARTERY; PIGS; DOGS; MICE AB This study compared a noncontact infrared laser thermometer and 3 different brands of subcutaneous temperature transponding microchips with rectal thermometry in 50 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). The data were analyzed by using intraclass correlation coefficients and limits of agreement. In addition, the technical capabilities and practicality of the thermometers in the clinical setting were reviewed. None of the alternative techniques investigated was equivalent to rectal thermometry in rhesus macaques. Temperatures obtained by using microchips had higher correlation and agreed more closely with rectal temperatures than did those obtained by the noncontact infrared method. However, transponding microchips did not yield consistent results. Due to difficulty in positioning nonsedated macaques in their homecage, subcutaneous microchips were not practical in the clinical setting. Furthermore, pair-housed macaques may be able to break or remove microchips from their cagemates. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Vet Serv Program, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Brunell, MK (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Vet Serv Program, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM marla.brunell@us.army.mil FU Walter Reed Army Institute of Research FX This work was performed at Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA 20912-7500, and was funded by the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. There is no objection to its presentation or publication. The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private ones of the author and are not to be construed as such or reflecting the views of the Department of Defense. Research was conducted in compliance with the Animal Welfare Act and other federal statutes and regulations relating to animals and experiments involving animals and adheres to principles stated in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Annuals, NRC Publication, 2011 edition. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 51 IS 4 BP 479 EP 484 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 978UY UT WOS:000306772500016 PM 23043815 ER PT J AU Schranz, CI AF Schranz, Craig I. TI My First Day at Peltier SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Schranz, CI (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA USA. EM schranzc@yahoo.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 60 IS 1 BP 127 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.10.017 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 975HQ UT WOS:000306501700027 PM 22720849 ER PT J AU Pressman, P Clemens, R AF Pressman, Peter Clemens, Roger TI Delving More Deeply into Nutrition and Athletic Performance SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Pressman, Peter] USN, Med Corps, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Clemens, Roger] Horn Co, La Mirada, CA USA. RP Pressman, P (reprint author), USN, Med Corps, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM drpressman@gmail.com; rclemens@ethorn.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 66 IS 7 BP 17 EP 19 PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 976KN UT WOS:000306583600008 ER PT J AU Farihi, J Subasavage, JP Nelan, EP Harris, HC Dahn, CC Nordhaus, J Spiegel, DS AF Farihi, J. Subasavage, J. P. Nelan, E. P. Harris, H. C. Dahn, C. C. Nordhaus, J. Spiegel, D. S. TI Precision astrometry of the exoplanet host candidate GD 66 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE stars: individual: GD 66; planetary systems; white dwarfs ID FINAL MASS RELATION; CETI INSTABILITY STRIP; WHITE-DWARF STARS; GAS GIANT PLANETS; BROWN DWARFS; STELLAR EVOLUTION; COMPANIONS; SUBSTELLAR; SYSTEMS; BINARIES AB The potential existence of a giant planet orbiting within a few au of a stellar remnant has profound implications for both the survival and possible regeneration of planets during post-main-sequence stellar evolution. This paper reports Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensor and US Naval Observatory relative astrometry of GD 66, a white dwarf thought to harbour a giant planet between 2 and 3 au based on stellar pulsation arrival times. Combined with existing infrared data, the precision measurements here rule out all stellar-mass and brown dwarf companions, implying that only a planet remains plausible, if orbital motion is indeed the cause of the variations in pulsation timing. C1 [Farihi, J.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Subasavage, J. P.; Harris, H. C.; Dahn, C. C.] USN Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. [Nelan, E. P.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Nordhaus, J.] Rochester Inst Technol, Ctr Computat Relat & Gravitat, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Spiegel, D. S.] Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Farihi, J (reprint author), Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. EM jf123@star.le.ac.uk OI Farihi, Jay/0000-0003-1748-602X FU NSF [AST-0807444]; Keck Fellowship; NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship [AST-1102738]; NASA HST [AR-12146.04-A] FX The authors thank the referee, F. Mullally, for a constructive and helpful report. DSS gratefully acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-0807444 and the Keck Fellowship. JN is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1102738 and by NASA HST grant AR-12146.04-A. NR 60 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 424 IS 1 BP 519 EP 523 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21221.x PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 970OE UT WOS:000306140600043 ER PT J AU Verdu, EF Riddle, MS AF Verdu, Elena F. Riddle, Mark S. TI Chronic Gastrointestinal Consequences of Acute Infectious Diarrhea: Evolving Concepts in Epidemiology and Pathogenesis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Review ID IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; EARLY-CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; POSTINFECTIOUS FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; CELIAC-DISEASE; TRAVELERS DIARRHEA; VISCERAL HYPERSENSITIVITY; INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION; AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASES; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS AB Acute infectious diarrhea is a frequent occurrence both in the developing world, where it results in considerable mortality, and in developed countries, where it accounts for a significant number of health visits, hospitalizations, and medical and non-medical losses. Recent evidence in basic, clinical, and epidemiological science domains has emerged that suggest that the burden caused by these infections is not limited to the acute illness, but may result in triggering or contributing to the pathogenesis of a number of chronic health problems. This review considers the breadth of this information for the purpose of consolidating what is currently known, identifying gaps in knowledge, and describing future directions and policy implications related to the chronic consequences of acute infectious diarrhea. A unifying hypothesis of this review is that infections may trigger a number of long-lasting changes in gut physiology and immunity that can increase the risk to a variety of chronic gastrointestinal diseases, particularly in genetically susceptible individuals. C1 [Riddle, Mark S.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Verdu, Elena F.] McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Farncombe Family Digest Hlth Inst, Hamilton, ON, Canada. RP Riddle, MS (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM verdue@mcmaster.ca; mark.riddle@med.navy.mil FU CCFC; CAG/CIHR FX E.F.V. is supported by grants from CCFC and CAG/CIHR. NR 100 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 107 IS 7 BP 981 EP 989 DI 10.1038/ajg.2012.65 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 970PA UT WOS:000306143300005 PM 22508147 ER PT J AU Bartlett-Healy, K Unlu, I Obenauer, P Hughes, T Healy, S Crepeau, T Farajollahi, A Kesavaraju, B Fonseca, D Schoeler, G Gaugler, R Strickman, D AF Bartlett-Healy, Kristen Unlu, Isik Obenauer, Peter Hughes, Tony Healy, Sean Crepeau, Taryn Farajollahi, Ary Kesavaraju, Banu Fonseca, Dina Schoeler, George Gaugler, Randy Strickman, Daniel TI Larval Mosquito Habitat Utilization and Community Dynamics of Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE larval survey; container-inhabiting; larval-pupal productivity; New Jersey ID VECTOR COMPETENCE; UNITED-STATES; DETRITUS TYPE; NEW-JERSEY; AEGYPTI; VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; TEMPERATURE; INVASION; DENGUE AB Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Ae. japonicus (Theobald) are important container-inhabiting mosquitoes that transmit disease agents, outcompete native species, and continue to expand their range in the United States. Both species deposit eggs in natural and artificial containers and thrive in peridomestic environments. The goal of our study was to examine the types and characteristics of containers that are most productive for these species in the northeastern United States. In total, 306 containers were sampled in urban, suburban, and rural areas of New Jersey. Multiple biotic and abiotic factors were recorded in an attempt to identify variables associated with the productivity of each species. Based on pupal abundance and density of container types, results showed that tires, trash cans, and planter dishes were the most important containers for Ae. albopictus, while planter dishes were the most important containers for Ae. japonicus. Container color (black and gray), material (rubber), and type (tires) were correlated with species presence for Ae. albopictus and Ae. japonicus. These factors may play a role in the selection of oviposition sites by female mosquitoes or in the survival of their progeny. Differences in species composition and abundance were detected between areas classified as urban, suburban, and rural. In urban and suburban areas, Ae. albopictus was more abundant in container habitats than Ae. japonicus; however, Ae. japonicus was more abundant in rural areas, and when water temperatures were below 14 degrees C. Our results suggest many variables can influence the presence of Ae. albopictus and Ae. japonicus in container habitats in northeastern United States. C1 [Bartlett-Healy, Kristen; Unlu, Isik; Fonseca, Dina; Gaugler, Randy] Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Vector Biol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Unlu, Isik; Farajollahi, Ary] Mercer Cty Mosquito Control, W Trenton, NJ 08628 USA. [Obenauer, Peter] US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Hughes, Tony] USN, Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Healy, Sean; Crepeau, Taryn] Monmouth Cty Mosquito Exterminat Commiss, Eatontown, NJ 07724 USA. [Kesavaraju, Banu] Salt Lake City Mosquito Abatement Dist, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Schoeler, George] USN, Med Res Unit 2, Honolulu, HI USA. [Strickman, Daniel] USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bartlett-Healy, K (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Vector Biol, 180 Jones Ave, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM krisb@rci.rutgers.edu RI Gaugler, Randy/K-3898-2013; OI Fonseca, Dina/0000-0003-4726-7100 FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA-ARS) FX We appreciate the assistance of Jesse Evans and Robin Murillo of the Navy Entomology Center for Excellence, Anna Corichi, Masooma Muzaffar, Ryan Rader, Michael Milewski, Nidhi Singh, and Heather Evans of Mercer County Mosquito Control, and Kyle Cole, and Jane McGivern of Monmouth County Mosquito Commission. We would also like to thank Kelly Pniewski and Linda McCuiston of Rutgers University. We thank those involved in the Area-wide Management Project for the Asian tiger mosquito, which has been funded by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA-ARS). The opinions or assertions expressed herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as representing those of the Department of Defense or the Department of the Navy. NR 48 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 4 U2 38 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 49 IS 4 BP 813 EP 824 DI 10.1603/ME11031 PG 12 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 971VN UT WOS:000306232500004 PM 22897041 ER PT J AU Tsao, J Flores, E Creason, A Haran, J AF Tsao, Jack Flores, Eusebio Creason, Alia Haran, Jay TI PERFORMANCE ON SIMILAR TASKS OF THE DEFENSE AUTOMATED NEUROBEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT (DANA) AND AUTOMATED NEUROCOGNITIVE ASSESSMENT METRICS (ANAM) IS COMPARABLE SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual National Neurotrauma Symposium CY JUL 22-25, 2012 CL Phoenix, AZ DE Neurocognitive; testing; automated; concussion C1 [Tsao, Jack; Flores, Eusebio; Creason, Alia] BUMED, Falls Church, VA USA. [Haran, Jay] USN, Humans Syst Dept, Air Syst Command, Arlington, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD JUL PY 2012 VL 29 IS 10 BP A46 EP A46 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 971YV UT WOS:000306244400074 ER PT J AU Lee, C Hite, JK Mastro, MA Freitas, JA Eddy, CR Kim, HY Kim, J AF Lee, Chongmin Hite, Jennifer K. Mastro, Michael A. Freitas, Jaime A., Jr. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Kim, Hong-Yeol Kim, Jihyun TI Selective chemical etch of gallium nitride by phosphoric acid SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; FACE GAN; N-FACE; SURFACE; EXTRACTION AB The authors report on the direct comparison of the chemical etch characteristics on both Ga- and N-face gallium nitride (GaN) by phosphoric acid. First, Ga-face GaN was grown next to N-face GaN by a polarity inversion method in a metal-organic chemical vapor deposition reactor. Micro-photoluminescence, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and micro-Raman spectroscopy were used to analyze the etch characteristics of Ga- and N-face GaN before and after a H3PO4-based chemical etch. Ga-face was chemically stable in a phosphoric acid solution. However, the chemical etch continued proceeding on the N-face GaN due to the weak repulsive force to OH- ions. Dodecagonal nano-pyramids which dramatically enhanced the photoluminescence intensity were observed on N-face GaN after a H3PO4-based chemical etch. (C) 2012 American Vacuum Society. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.4719528] C1 [Lee, Chongmin; Kim, Hong-Yeol; Kim, Jihyun] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea. [Hite, Jennifer K.; Mastro, Michael A.; Freitas, Jaime A., Jr.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea. EM hyunhyun7@korea.ac.kr RI Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013; Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 FU Korea University; Center for Inorganic Photovoltaic Materials [2012-0001171]; Korea government (MEST); Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP); Ministry of Knowledge Economy [20104010100640]; ONR FX The research at Korea University was supported by a Korea University Grant, the Center for Inorganic Photovoltaic Materials (No. 2012-0001171) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST), and a Human Resources Development grant from the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) funded by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy (No. 20104010100640). The research at U.S. Naval Research Lab was partially supported by ONR. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 43 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL PY 2012 VL 30 IS 4 AR 040602 DI 10.1116/1.4719528 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 970OW UT WOS:000306142800018 ER PT J AU Algar, WR Malonoski, A Deschamps, JR Banco-Canosa, JB Susumu, K Stewart, MH Johnson, BJ Dawson, PE Medintz, IL AF Algar, W. Russ Malonoski, Anthony Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Banco-Canosa, Juan B. Susumu, Kimihiro Stewart, Michael H. Johnson, Brandy J. Dawson, Philip E. Medintz, Igor L. TI Proteolytic Activity at Quantum Dot-Conjugates: Kinetic Analysis Reveals Enhanced Enzyme Activity and Localized Interfacial "Hopping" SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Quantum dot; nanoparticle; peptide; proteolysis; kinetics; FRET ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; BIOCOMPATIBLE SEMICONDUCTOR; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; STABILITY; LIGANDS; CHYMOTRYPSIN; PARAMETERS; INHIBITORS; CATALYSIS AB Recent studies show that polyvalent, ligand-modified nanoparticles provide significantly enhanced binding characteristics compared to isolated ligands. Here, we assess the ability of substrate-modified nanoparticles to provide enhanced enzymatic activity. Energy transfer assays allowed quantitative, real-time measurement of proteolytic digestion at polyvalent quantum dot-peptide conjugates. Enzymatic progress curves were analyzed using an integrated Michaelis Menten (MM) formalism, revealing mechanistic details, including deviations from classic MM-behavior. A "hopping" mode of proteolysis at the nanoparticle was identified, confirming enhanced activity. C1 [Algar, W. Russ; Malonoski, Anthony; Deschamps, Jeffrey R.; Johnson, Brandy J.; Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Susumu, Kimihiro; Stewart, Michael H.] USN, Div Opt Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Algar, W. Russ] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Banco-Canosa, Juan B.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Banco-Canosa, Juan B.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil RI Johnson, Brandy/B-3462-2008; OI Johnson, Brandy/0000-0002-3637-0631; Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 FU NRL; NRL NSI; ONR; DTRA-JSTO MIPR [B112582M]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); NIH [P41 RR-01081] FX The authors acknowledge NRL, NRL NSI, ONR, and DTRA-JSTO MIPR # B112582M for financial support. W.R.A. is grateful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) for a postdoctoral fellowship. J.B.B.-C. acknowledges a Marie Curie IOF. Molecular graphics were produced using the Chimera package from the Resource for Biocomputing, Visualization, and Informatics at the U.C. San Francisco (supported by NIH P41 RR-01081). NR 51 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 9 U2 84 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 12 IS 7 BP 3793 EP 3802 DI 10.1021/nl301727k PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 972QY UT WOS:000306296200074 PM 22731798 ER PT J AU Gentry, SE Montgomery, RA Segev, DL AF Gentry, Sommer E. Montgomery, Robert A. Segev, Dorry L. TI Controversies in Kidney Paired Donation SO ADVANCES IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Kidney exchange; Kidney paired donation; Living donor; Incompatible; Desensitization; Nondirected donor; Altruistic donor ID NON-DIRECTED DONATION; NONSIMULTANEOUS CHAINS; RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; EXCHANGE PROGRAMS; DONOR-EXCHANGE; OUTCOMES; PARTICIPATION; TRANSPORT; DOMINOS AB Kidney paired donation represented 10% of living kidney donation in the United States in 2011. National registries around the world and several separate registries in the United States arrange paired donations, although with significant variations in their practices. Concerns about ethical considerations, clinical advisability, and the quantitative effectiveness of these approaches in paired donation result in these variations. For instance, although donor travel can be burdensome and might discourage paired donation, it was nearly universal until convincing analysis showed that living donor kidneys can sustain many hours of cold ischemia time without adverse consequences. Opinions also differ about whether the last donor in a chain of paired donation transplants initiated by a nondirected donor should donate immediately to someone on the deceased donor wait-list (a domino or closed chain) or should be asked to wait some length of time and donate to start another sequence of paired donations later (an open chain); some argue that asking the donor to donate later may be coercive, and others focus on balancing the probability that the waiting donor withdraws versus the number of additional transplants if the chain can be continued. Other controversies in paired donation include simultaneous versus nonsimultaneous donor operations, whether to enroll compatible pairs, and interactions with desensitization protocols. Efforts to expand public awareness of and participation in paired donation are needed to generate more transplant opportunities. (C) 2012 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Segev, DL (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Med Inst, 720 Rutland Ave,Ross 771B, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM dorry@jhmi.edu OI Gentry, Sommer/0000-0003-4530-8917 NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 1548-5595 J9 ADV CHRONIC KIDNEY D JI Adv. Chronic Kidney Dis. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 19 IS 4 BP 257 EP 261 DI 10.1053/j.ackd.2012.05.006 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 972RC UT WOS:000306296600010 PM 22732046 ER PT J AU Silpasakorn, S Srisamut, N Ekpo, P Zhang, ZW Chao, CC Ching, WM Suputtamongkol, Y AF Silpasakorn, Saowaluk Srisamut, Nujorn Ekpo, Pattama Zhang, Zhiwen Chao, Chien-Chung Ching, Wei-Mei Suputtamongkol, Yupin TI Development of New, Broadly Reactive, Rapid IgG and IgM Lateral Flow Assays for Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ORIENTIA-TSUTSUGAMUSHI; RICKETTSIA-TSUTSUGAMUSHI; RURAL THAILAND; IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE; LEPTOSPIROSIS; INFECTION AB We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of two broadly reactive rapid immunochromatographic tests (ICTs) for detection of IgM and IgG against Orientia tsutsugamushi by using archived acute-phase serum samples from 102 patients with laboratory-confirmed scrub typhus, and from 62 archived serum samples from patients with other causes of fever as a negative control. These ICTs were constructed by using a mixture of recombinant proteins: 1) C1, a chimeric protein containing epitopes of the 56-kD antigen from Karp and TA763 strains; 2) Ktr56; and 3) Gmr56. Sensitivities of the ICTs for detection of IgM and IgG were 90.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 84.4-96.0%) and 86.3% (95% Cl = 80.9-93.8%), respectively. Specificities were 85.5% (95% CI = 73.9-92.2%) and 96.8% (95% Cl = 90.3-100%), respectively. Both assays were more sensitive and specific than the standard immune immunofluorescence assay for the early diagnosis of scrub typhus. C1 [Suputtamongkol, Yupin] Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Med, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Silpasakorn, Saowaluk] Mahidol Univ, Dept Med, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Srisamut, Nujorn; Ekpo, Pattama] Mahidol Univ, Dept Immunol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Zhang, Zhiwen; Chao, Chien-Chung; Ching, Wei-Mei] USN, Med Res Ctr, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Suputtamongkol, Y (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Med, 2 Bangkok Noi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. EM aowaluk_8@yahoo.com; nc-immuno@hotmail.com; sipep@mahidol.ac.th; zhiwen.zhang@med.navy.mil; chien-chung.chao@med.navy.mil; weimei.ching@med.navy.mil; siysp@mahidol.ac.th NR 18 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 87 IS 1 BP 148 EP 152 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0583 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 970SV UT WOS:000306153500025 PM 22764306 ER PT J AU Natishan, PM Bayles, RA Rayne, R Longazel, T Martin, FJ Kahn, H Heuer, AH AF Natishan, P. M. Bayles, R. A. Rayne, R. Longazel, T. Martin, F. J. Kahn, H. Heuer, A. H. TI Interstitial Hardening of Type 316L Stainless Steel to Improve Corrosion Resistance and Mechanical Properties SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE crevice corrosion; fatigue resistance; galling resistance; hardness; interstitial hardening; Type 316L stainless steel; UNS S31603 ID CREVICE CORROSION; CARBON SUPERSATURATION; NATURAL SEAWATER; CRACK RESISTANCE; CARBURIZATION; TEMPERATURE; TOUGHNESS; ALLOY-625 AB A low-temperature (450 degrees C to 500 degrees C), gas-phase interstitial hardening (IH) process that introduces substantial amounts of carbon, without carbide formation, into austenitic stainless steels was investigated. This process provides surface carbon concentration as high as 14 at% and improves the surface properties of treated Type 316L (UNS S31603) austenitic stainless steel. Specifically, it showed that IH treatment of Type 316L stainless steel increased the crevice corrosion initiation potential, hardness, fatigue, and galling resistance compared to untreated Type 316L stainless steel. The present work has also shown that the threads of fastener areas are susceptible to corrosion attack and is likely related to retained martensite on the fasteners. C1 [Natishan, P. M.; Bayles, R. A.; Rayne, R.; Longazel, T.; Martin, F. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kahn, H.; Heuer, A. H.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44105 USA. RP Natishan, PM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM natishan@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of the Secretary of Defense; Office of Naval Research; ASTM International FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the Office of the Secretary of Defense and A. Perez of the Office of Naval Research for financial support of this work. The authors wish to thank D. Aylor of the Naval Surface Warfare Center - Carderock Division for conducting the GM9540P/B testing. The authors also wish to thank P. Williams, S. Collins, and W.J. Richards of Swagelok Corporation for technical assistance.; UNS numbers are listed in Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System, published by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE International) and cosponsored by ASTM International. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU NATL ASSOC CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0010-9312 J9 CORROSION JI Corrosion PD JUL PY 2012 VL 68 IS 7 BP 638 EP 644 DI 10.5006/0599 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 969WL UT WOS:000306090000006 ER PT J AU Schmitz, JW Davis, KD IVcClatchey, SK AF Schmitz, Joseph W. Davis, Kimberly D. IVcClatchey, Scott K. TI Intraocular lens power calculation for humanitarian missions based on partial biometry SO JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASCRS Symposium on Cataract, IOL and Refractive Surgery CY MAR, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP ASCRS ID COMPONENTS; MYOPIA AB PURPOSE: To determine whether the correlation between corneal power (K) and axial length (AL) can be used for intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation when biometric data are incomplete. SETTING: Developing regions served by United States Navy humanitarian assistance missions. DESIGN: Case series. METHODS: Measurements of K and AL were collected from all adult cataract surgery charts and used to calculate emmetropic IOL powers. A formula for estimating K or AL was derived by Deming regression analysis. The emmetropic IOL powers were calculated by hypothetical scenarios as follows: (1) K estimated from the formula and measured AL, (2) mean population K and measured AL, (3) measured K and estimated AL, and (4) measured K and mean population AL. The mean absolute refractive error (MAE) was calculated for each hypothetical scenario and an additional scenario (scenario 5) using single IOL power for all eyes. The MAEs were compared with a paired t test. RESULTS: The formula derived from Deming regression analysis was K = 74.56 - 1.317 x AL. The MAE for the scenarios were (1) 0.90 diopters (D), (2) 1.11 D, (3) 1.91 D, (4) 1.55 D, and (5) 1.22 D. The MAE for scenario 1 was significantly less (P<.01) than that for scenarios 2 and 5. The MAE for scenario 5 was significantly less than that for scenarios 3 and 4. CONCLUSIONS: The correlation between K and AL can be used to improve accuracy of IOL calculation when K is unavailable. When the AL is unavailable, the mean population IOL power is most accurate. C1 [Schmitz, Joseph W.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Davis, Kimberly D.; IVcClatchey, Scott K.] Loma Linda Univ, Med Ctr, Loma Linda, CA USA. [Davis, Kimberly D.; IVcClatchey, Scott K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Schmitz, JW (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, Ophthalmol Suite 202,34520 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM joseph.schmitz@med.navy.mil NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0886-3350 J9 J CATARACT REFR SURG JI J. Cataract. Refract. Surg. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 38 IS 7 BP 1187 EP 1191 DI 10.1016/j.jcrs.2012.02.037 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 970WY UT WOS:000306164200013 PM 22608028 ER PT J AU Weinkle, J Maue, R Pielke, R AF Weinkle, Jessica Maue, Ryan Pielke, Roger, Jr. TI Historical Global Tropical Cyclone Landfalls SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; METEOROLOGY; LOSSES; TRENDS AB In recent decades, economic damage from tropical cyclones (TCs) around the world has increased dramatically. Scientific literature published to date finds that the increase in losses can be explained entirely by societal changes (such as increasing wealth, structures, population, etc.) in locations prone to tropical cyclone landfalls, rather than by changes in annual storm frequency or intensity. However, no homogenized dataset of global tropical cyclone landfalls has been created that might serve as a consistency check for such economic normalization studies. Using currently available historical TC best-track records, a global database focused on hurricane-force strength landfalls was constructed. The analysis does not indicate significant long-period global or individual basin trends in the frequency or intensity of landfalling TCs of minor or major hurricane strength. The evidence in this study provides strong support for the conclusion that increasing damage around the world during the past several decades can be explained entirely by increasing wealth in locations prone to TC landfalls, which adds confidence to the fidelity of economic normalization analyses. C1 [Weinkle, Jessica; Pielke, Roger, Jr.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Sci & Technol Policy Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Maue, Ryan] USN, Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Monterey, CA USA. RP Weinkle, J (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Ctr Sci & Technol Policy Res, 1333 Grandview Ave,Campus Box 488, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM jessica.weinkle@colorado.edu FU U.S. National Science Foundation DMUU Grant [SES 0345604] FX The authors thank Chris Landsea, Ryan Crompton, Buck Sampson, and Edward Fukada. We thank Ami Nacu-Schmidt and Evan Pugh for helping to prepare the paper for publication. This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation DMUU Grant SES 0345604. Dr. Maue acknowledges the National Research Council Research Associateship Program while at the Naval Research Laboratory in Monterey, California. NR 38 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 27 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 25 IS 13 BP 4729 EP 4735 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00719.1 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 969GN UT WOS:000306043800019 ER PT J AU Velez, M Braisted, WR Frank, GJ Phillips, PL Day, DE McLaughlin, MD AF Velez, M. Braisted, W. R. Frank, G. J. Phillips, P. L. Day, D. E. McLaughlin, M. D. TI Impact strength of optically transparent glass ribbon composites SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Glass ribbons; impact resistance; tensile strength; transparent composites ID NANOCOMPOSITES AB Optically transparent ribbon-composite (OTRC) panels were made by reinforcing a clear polymer matrix with glass ribbons of matching refractive index. These panels had glass volume fraction up to 0.60 and tensile strength up to 772 MPa. Impact testing of 610 mm x 910 mm x 6 mm OTRC panels with a 0.45 kg projectile indicated two different failure modes at similar impact energies. One failure mode, corresponding to impact velocities from 883 to 913 km/h, was associated with crack initiation, which transitions to a large delamination zone. The second failure mode, corresponding to a 922 km/h impact velocity, is associated with crack formation as in a typical punchathrough failure. An ABAQUS finite element model was used to analytically predict the impact resistance of OTRC panels. C1 [Velez, M.] Mo Sci Corp, Rolla, MO 65401 USA. [Braisted, W. R.; Frank, G. J.; Phillips, P. L.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Day, D. E.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [McLaughlin, M. D.] USN, Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Velez, M (reprint author), Mo Sci Corp, Rolla, MO 65401 USA. EM mvelez@mo-sci.com FU DoD Navy (Navy STTR Phase II) [N68335-08-C-0433] FX This project is sponsored by DoD Navy (Navy STTR Phase II N68335-08-C-0433). NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0021-9983 J9 J COMPOS MATER JI J. Compos Mater. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 46 IS 14 BP 1677 EP 1695 DI 10.1177/0021998311422601 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 971AQ UT WOS:000306174500003 ER PT J AU Loeffler, G Penn, A Ledden, B AF Loeffler, George Penn, Ashley Ledden, Brian TI "Bath Salt"-Induced Agitated Paranoia: A Case Series SO JOURNAL OF STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS LA English DT Letter C1 [Loeffler, George; Penn, Ashley; Ledden, Brian] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Mental Hlth, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Loeffler, G (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Mental Hlth, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ALCOHOL RES DOCUMENTATION INC CENT ALCOHOL STUD RUTGERS UNIV PI PISCATAWAY PA C/O DEIRDRE ENGLISH, 607 ALLISON RD, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8001 USA SN 1937-1888 J9 J STUD ALCOHOL DRUGS JI J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs PD JUL PY 2012 VL 73 IS 4 BP 706 EP 706 PG 1 WC Substance Abuse; Psychology SC Substance Abuse; Psychology GA 971KJ UT WOS:000306202500023 PM 22630811 ER PT J AU Hodyss, D AF Hodyss, Daniel TI Accounting for Skewness in Ensemble Data Assimilation SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC DATA ASSIMILATION; KALMAN FILTER; MODEL; MESOSCALE; SYSTEMS AB A practical data assimilation algorithm is presented that explicitly accounts for skewness in the prior distribution. The algorithm operates as a global solve (all observations are considered at once) using a minimization-based approach and Schur-Hadamard (elementwise) localization. The central feature of this technique is the squaring of the innovation and the ensemble perturbations so as to create an extended state space that accounts for the second, third, and fourth moments of the prior distribution. This new technique is illustrated in a simple scalar system as well as in a Boussinesq model configured to simulate nonlinearly evolving shear instabilities (Kelvin-Helmholtz waves). It is shown that an ensemble size of at least 100 members is needed to adequately resolve the third and fourth moments required for the algorithm. For ensembles of this size it is shown that this new technique is superior to a state-of-the-art ensemble Kalman filter in situations with significant skewness: otherwise, the new algorithm reduces to the performance of the ensemble Kalman filter. C1 USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93933 USA. RP Hodyss, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93933 USA. EM daniel.hodyss@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory Base Program [BE-4287-0-0-5] FX Discussions on this topic with Jeff Anderson, Craig Bishop, Jim Hansen, and Chris Snyder are greatly appreciated. I gratefully acknowledge support from the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program through BE-4287-0-0-5. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 140 IS 7 BP 2346 EP 2358 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-11-00198.1 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 970VF UT WOS:000306159700020 ER PT J AU Quimby, RS Condon, NJ O'Connor, SP Bowman, SR AF Quimby, R. S. Condon, N. J. O'Connor, S. P. Bowman, S. R. TI Excited state dynamics in Ho:KPb2Cl5 SO OPTICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Nonradiative; Multiphonon; Lifetime; Fluorescence; Chloride crystal ID ER-DOPED KPB2CL5; RARE-EARTH IONS; MULTIPHONON RELAXATION; FLUOROZIRCONATE GLASS; OPTICAL-TRANSITIONS; LASER CRYSTALS; CROSS-SECTIONS; HO3+ IONS; EMISSION; ABSORPTION AB Optical absorption spectra, emission spectra, and fluorescence lifetimes were measured for a number of visible and infrared transitions in Ho3+ doped KPb2Cl5. Judd-Ofelt parameters were obtained by using the conventional approach, as well as by a modified approach that minimizes the fractional difference, rather than the absolute difference, between calculated and measured oscillator strengths. Both procedures gave good overall agreement between measured and calculated lifetimes, with an average difference of approximate to 15%. This confirms the expectation from the multiphonon energy gap law that most observed transitions in Ho3+:KPb2Cl5 are highly radiative. Emission cross section spectra for the transitions F-5(3) -> I-5(8), (5)G(5) -> I-5(7), F-5(3) -> I-5(7), F-5(4)/S-5(2) -> I-5(7), and I-5(7) -> I-5(8) were obtained from measured emission spectra, with the peak cross section values scaled by the Judd-Ofelt calculated oscillator strengths. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Quimby, R. S.] Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Phys, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. [Condon, N. J.; O'Connor, S. P.; Bowman, S. R.] USN, Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Quimby, RS (reprint author), Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Phys, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. EM rsquimby@wpi.edu; Steven.Bowman@nrl.navy.mil NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-3467 J9 OPT MATER JI Opt. Mater. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 34 IS 9 BP 1603 EP 1609 DI 10.1016/j.optmat.2012.04.004 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA 971LM UT WOS:000306205400019 ER PT J AU Brogan, TV Zabrocki, L Thiagarajan, RR Rycus, PT Bratton, SL AF Brogan, Thomas V. Zabrocki, Luke Thiagarajan, Ravi R. Rycus, Peter T. Bratton, Susan L. TI Prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for children with respiratory failure SO PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE extracorporeal life support; long-term support; mortality; pediatrics; respiratory insufficiency; venovenous ID ACUTE LUNG INJURY; LIFE-SUPPORT; PEDIATRIC-PATIENTS; RISK-FACTORS; SURVIVAL; EXPERIENCE; PREDICTORS; INDEX AB Objective: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is used to support children with respiratory failure. When extracorporeal membrane oxygenation duration is prolonged, decisions regarding ongoing support are difficult as a result of limited prognostic data. Design: Retrospective case series. Setting: Multi-institutional data reported to the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry. Patients: Patients aged 1 month to 18 yrs supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for respiratory failure from 1993 to 2007 who received support for >= 21 days. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Of the 3213 children supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during the study period, 389 (12%) were supported >= 21 days. Median patient age was 9.1 months (interquartile range, 2.5-41.7 months). Median weight was 6.7 kg (interquartile range, 3.5-15.8 kg). Survival for this group was 38%, significantly lower than survival reported for children supported <= 14 days (61%, p < .001). Among children supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for >= 21 days, no differences were found between survivors and nonsurvivors with regard to acute pulmonary diagnosis, pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation comorbidities, pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation adjunctive therapies, or pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation blood gas parameters. Only peak inspiratory pressure was significantly different in survivors. Complications occurring on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were more common among nonsurvivors. The use of inotropic infusion (odds ratio 1.64; 95% confidence interval 1.07-2.52), acidosis (pH < 7.2) during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (odds ratio 2.62; 95% confidence interval 1.51-4.55), and male gender (odds ratio 1.95; 95% confidence interval 1.21-3.15) were independently associated with increased odds of death. Conclusion: Survival declines with duration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Male gender and inadequate cardiorespiratory status during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation increased the risk of death. Prolonged support with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation appears reasonable unless multiorgan failure develops. (Pediatr Crit Care Med 2012; 13:e249-e254) C1 [Brogan, Thomas V.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Seattle Childrens Hosp,Div Crit Care Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Zabrocki, Luke] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Crit Care, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Thiagarajan, Ravi R.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Rycus, Peter T.] Extracorporeal Life Support Org, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Bratton, Susan L.] Univ Utah, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Crit Care, Primary Childrens Med Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Brogan, TV (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Seattle Childrens Hosp,Div Crit Care Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM botcho@u.washington.edu NR 20 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1529-7535 EI 1947-3893 J9 PEDIATR CRIT CARE ME JI Pediatr. Crit. Care Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 13 IS 4 BP E249 EP E254 DI 10.1097/PCC.0b013e31824176f4 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Pediatrics SC General & Internal Medicine; Pediatrics GA 970FU UT WOS:000306114300007 PM 22596069 ER PT J AU Denning, PJ AF Denning, Peter J. TI Reflections on a Symposium on Computation SO COMPUTER JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE algorithm; computation; computational model; computational process; computational thinking; information; information process; interactive computation; natural computation; nonterminating computation; physical computation; reactive computation; turing; turing computability; turing machines AB ACM Ubiquity hosted a symposium in 2010-2011 on Turing's question, 'What is computation?' The editor reflects on how the symposium was organized and what conclusions it reached. The authors showed strong consensus around the propositions that computation is a process, computational model matters, many computations are natural, many important computations are continuous, many important computations are nonterminating and computational thinking has emerged as a core practice of computing. They left open the questions of whether the Turing model is the best reference model, is computational necessarily a physical process, what is information and what is an algorithm. C1 [Denning, Peter J.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pjd@nps.edu NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0010-4620 EI 1460-2067 J9 COMPUT J JI Comput. J. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 55 IS 7 BP 799 EP 802 DI 10.1093/comjnl/bxs064 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 966GV UT WOS:000305826800003 ER PT J AU Denning, PJ Wegner, P AF Denning, Peter J. Wegner, Peter TI Introduction to What is Computation SO COMPUTER JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Denning, Peter J.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Wegner, Peter] Brown Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pjd@nps.edu; pw@cs.brown.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0010-4620 J9 COMPUT J JI Comput. J. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 55 IS 7 BP 803 EP 804 DI 10.1093/comjnl/bxs065 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 966GV UT WOS:000305826800004 ER PT J AU Denning, PJ AF Denning, Peter J. TI Opening Statement: What is Computation? SO COMPUTER JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SCIENCE AB Most people understand a computation as a process evoked when a computational agent acts on its inputs under the control of an algorithm. The classical Turing machine model has long served as the fundamental reference model because an appropriate Turing machine can simulate every other computational model known. The Turing model is a good abstraction for most digital computers because the number of steps to execute a Turing machine algorithm is predictive of the running time of the computation on a digital computer. However, the Turing model is not as well matched for the natural, interactive, and continuous information processes frequently encountered today. Other models whose structures more closely match the information processes involved give better predictions of running time and space. Models based on transforming representations may be useful. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowksi Inst, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowksi Inst, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pjd@nps.edu NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0010-4620 EI 1460-2067 J9 COMPUT J JI Comput. J. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 55 IS 7 BP 805 EP 810 DI 10.1093/comjnl/bxs066 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 966GV UT WOS:000305826800005 ER PT J AU Denning, PJ AF Denning, Peter J. TI Closing Statement: What Have We Said About Computation? SO COMPUTER JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The "computation" symposium presents the reflections of thinkers from many sectors of computing on the fundamental question in the background of everything we do as computing professionals. While many of us have too many immediate tasks to allow us time for our own deep reflection, we do appreciate when others have done this for us. Peter Freeman points out, by analogy, that as citizens of democracies we do not spend a lot of time reflecting on the question, "What is a democracy." But from time to time we find it helpful to see what philosophers and political scientists are saying about the context in which we act as citizens. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst, Monterey, CA USA. RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst, Monterey, CA USA. EM pjd@nps.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0010-4620 J9 COMPUT J JI Comput. J. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 55 IS 7 BP 863 EP 865 DI 10.1093/comjnl/bxs081 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 966GV UT WOS:000305826800020 ER PT J AU Veliadis, V Hearne, H Stewart, EJ Snook, M Chang, W Caldwell, JD Ha, HC El-Hinnawy, N Borodulin, P Howell, RS Urciuoli, D Lelis, A Scozzie, C AF Veliadis, Victor Hearne, H. Stewart, E. J. Snook, M. Chang, W. Caldwell, J. D. Ha, H. C. El-Hinnawy, N. Borodulin, P. Howell, R. S. Urciuoli, D. Lelis, A. Scozzie, C. TI Degradation and Full Recovery in High-Voltage Implanted-Gate SiC JFETs Subjected to Bipolar Current Stress SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Annealing; basal plane dislocations (BPDs); bipolar current; high voltage; JFET; recovery; reliability; silicon carbide (SiC); stacking faults (SFs) ID STACKING-FAULTS; DIODES AB Electron-hole-recombination-induced stacking faults (SFs) have been shown to degrade the electrical characteristics of SiC power pin and MPS diodes and DMOSFETs with thick drift epitaxial layers. In this letter, we investigate the effects of bipolar current stress on the electrical characteristics of ion-implanted gate vertical-channel JFETs with 100-mu m drift epilayers. JFETs are stressed at a fixed gate-drain dc bipolar current density of 100 A/cm(2) for 5 h. Several JFETs exhibit severe forward gate-drain voltage degradation, while others show intermediate or no degradation. As degradation under bipolar current stress is caused by basal plane dislocation (BPD)-induced SF formation and expansion, the differences in degradation severity are attributed to the nonuniform BPD concentrations in the JFETs' drift epitaxial layers. Forward/reverse gate-source, transfer, reverse gate-drain, and blocking voltage JFET characteristics exhibit no degradation with bipolar stress. Forward gate-drain voltage and ON-state conduction degrade in affected JFETs. The degradations are fully reversed by annealing at 350 degrees C for 96 h, while nondegraded electrical characteristics remain unaffected by the annealing. These results suggest that elevated-temperature bipolar JFET operation can proceed without BPD-induced SF-related degradation. In the absence of BPDs, bipolar operation does not impact JFET electrical characteristics. C1 [Veliadis, Victor; Hearne, H.; Stewart, E. J.; Snook, M.; Ha, H. C.; El-Hinnawy, N.; Borodulin, P.; Howell, R. S.] Northrop Grumman Elect Syst, Linthicum, MD 21090 USA. [Chang, W.] MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Caldwell, J. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Urciuoli, D.; Lelis, A.; Scozzie, C.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Veliadis, V (reprint author), Northrop Grumman Elect Syst, Linthicum, MD 21090 USA. EM victor.veliadis@ngc.com; harold.hearne@ngc.com; eric.j.stewart@ngc.com; megan.snook@ngc.com; wchang7@u.rochester.edu; joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil; hanh.ha@ngc.com; nabil.elhinnawy@ngc.com; pavel.borodulin@ngc.com; rs.howell@ngc.com; damian.p.urciuoli.civ@mail.mil; aivars.j.lelis@us.army.mil; charles.j.scozzie.civ@mail.mil RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008 OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168 FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory FX This work was supported by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory. The review of this letter was arranged by Editor S.-H. Ryu. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0741-3106 EI 1558-0563 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 33 IS 7 BP 952 EP 954 DI 10.1109/LED.2012.2196674 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 966KA UT WOS:000305835300012 ER PT J AU McCranie, KD AF McCranie, Kevin D. TI How Britain Won the War of 1812: The Royal Navy's Blockades of the United States, 1812-1815 SO JOURNAL OF BRITISH STUDIES LA English DT Book Review C1 [McCranie, Kevin D.] USN, War Coll, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP McCranie, KD (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Newport, RI 02841 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0021-9371 J9 J BRIT STUD JI J. Br. Stud. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 51 IS 3 BP 752 EP 753 DI 10.1086/665398 PG 4 WC History SC History GA 968AN UT WOS:000305949500039 ER PT J AU Tieu, KD Satter, EK Zaleski, L Koehler, M AF Tieu, Kathy D. Satter, Elizabeth K. Zaleski, Lisa Koehler, Matthew TI Congenital Cutaneous Candidiasis in Two Full-Term Infants SO PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MUCOCUTANEOUS-CANDIDIASIS AB We describe two full-term infants who presented with congenital cutaneous candidiasis (CCC) and compare their clinical presentation and outcome with that of neonatal candidiasis and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. Although candidal vulvovaginitis occurs in up to one-third of pregnancies, CCC is uncommon and can be confused with more-serious pustular disorders that present in neonates. Greater awareness of CCC is essential to make an early diagnosis and distinguish it from other infections. C1 [Tieu, Kathy D.; Satter, Elizabeth K.; Zaleski, Lisa] USN, Dept Dermatol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. [Koehler, Matthew] USN, Air Stn N Isl, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. RP Satter, EK (reprint author), USN, Dept Dermatol, San Diego Med Ctr, 34520 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 300, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. EM elizabeth.satter@med.navy.mil NR 15 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0736-8046 J9 PEDIATR DERMATOL JI Pediatr. Dermatol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 29 IS 4 BP 507 EP 510 DI 10.1111/j.1525-1470.2011.01468.x PG 4 WC Dermatology; Pediatrics SC Dermatology; Pediatrics GA 968GP UT WOS:000305965700023 PM 21906141 ER PT J AU Ferrer, H Owen, G Valognes, F AF Ferrer, Helene Owen, Guillermo Valognes, Fabrice TI Stable syndicates of factor owners and distribution of social output: a Shapley value approach SO SOCIAL CHOICE AND WELFARE LA English DT Article AB The purpose of this paper is to examine the incentive of a player to join a syndicate in an environment of team production and payoff distribution according to Shapley value. We consider an economy in which a single output is produced by an increasing returns to scale production function using two inputs: labor and capital. By assuming that syndicates of factor owners can form, we are interested in their stability, i.e., the willingness of the members of the syndicate to stay in the syndicate. Our analysis, based on the Shapley value, allows us to find a fair imputation of the gains of cooperation and the conditions under which syndicates are stable. C1 [Ferrer, Helene; Valognes, Fabrice] Univ Caen Basse Normandie, UFR Sci Econ, F-14032 Caen, France. [Ferrer, Helene; Valognes, Fabrice] Univ Caen Basse Normandie, CREM, CNRS, F-14032 Caen, France. [Owen, Guillermo] USN, Dept Math, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Ferrer, H (reprint author), Univ Caen Basse Normandie, UFR Sci Econ, F-14032 Caen, France. EM helene.ferrer@unicaen.fr NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0176-1714 J9 SOC CHOICE WELFARE JI Soc Choice Welf. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 39 IS 2-3 SI SI BP 553 EP 565 DI 10.1007/s00355-011-0622-6 PG 13 WC Economics; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Business & Economics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 968FR UT WOS:000305963200015 ER PT J AU Stroup, SP Palazzi, K Kopp, RP Mehrazin, R Santomauro, M Cohen, SA Patterson, AL L'Esperance, JO Derweesh, IH AF Stroup, Sean P. Palazzi, Kerrin Kopp, Ryan P. Mehrazin, Reza Santomauro, Michael Cohen, Seth A. Patterson, Anthony L. L'Esperance, James O. Derweesh, Ithaar H. TI RENAL Nephrometry Score is Associated With Operative Approach for Partial Nephrectomy and Urine Leak SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LAPAROSCOPIC PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY; RADICAL NEPHRECTOMY; CELL CARCINOMA; COMPLICATIONS; OUTCOMES; KIDNEY; TUMORS; RISK AB OBJECTIVE To identify whether RENAL nephrometry score is associated with partial nephrectomy (PN) technique. RENAL nephrometry score quantifies anatomic characteristics of renal tumors. Data are limited regarding clinical utility for surgical planning. METHODS Multicenter analysis of patients undergoing PN for renal masses from March 2003 to May 2011. Cohort was stratified by surgical modality: open partial nephrectomy (OPN), laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN), and robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RALPN). Demographic and clinicopathological variables were compared between groups; RENAL score was calculated from preoperative imaging. Factors associated with choice of treatment modality and urine leak were entered into multivariable models. RESULTS One hundred fifty-three patients who underwent OPN, 100 patients who underwent LPN, and 31 patients who underwent RALPN were evaluated, the median tumor size (cm) was significantly larger for OPN (OPN 4.2 vs LPN 2.4 vs RALPN 2.0; P < .001); median operative time (minutes) and ischemia time (minutes) were shorter in OPN (OPN 190 and 25 vs LPN 200 and 29 vs RALPN 195 and 30; P = .042 and P < .001). Mean RENAL score was highest in OPN (OPN 8 vs LPN 6.3 vs RALPN 6.4; P < .001). No significant differences were noted in overall/high-grade complication rates (Clavien, P = .441/.985). On multivariate analysis, there was a 55% increased odds of undergoing OPN for each increase in RENAL score (P < .001). Higher RENAL score was associated with increased odds of urine leak (odds ratios [OR], 1.56; P = .002). CONCLUSION RENAL nephrometry score was associated with type of surgical approach (open vs laparoscopic/robotic) and urine leak. RENAL score may be useful as a decision-making tool in evaluation of patients for nephron-sparing surgery (NSS). Further investigation is requisite. UROLOGY 80: 151-156, 2012. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Derweesh, Ithaar H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Moores UCSD Canc Ctr, Div Urol,Dept Surg, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. USN, Dept Urol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Urol, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. RP Derweesh, IH (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Moores UCSD Canc Ctr, Div Urol,Dept Surg, 3855 Hlth Sci Dr,Mail Code 0987, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM iderweesh@gmail.com NR 23 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD JUL PY 2012 VL 80 IS 1 BP 151 EP 156 DI 10.1016/j.urology.2012.04.026 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 968DP UT WOS:000305957500039 PM 22748871 ER PT J AU Scully, CG Selvaraj, N Romberg, FW Wardhan, R Ryan, J Florian, JP Silverman, DG Shelley, KH Chon, KH AF Scully, Christopher G. Selvaraj, Nandakumar Romberg, Frederick W. Wardhan, Richa Ryan, John Florian, John P. Silverman, David G. Shelley, Kirk H. Chon, Ki H. TI Using Time-Frequency Analysis of the Photoplethysmographic Waveform to Detect the Withdrawal of 900 mL of Blood SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY VARIATIONS; PULSE; VARIABILITY; HYPOVOLEMIA; VOLUNTEERS; RESPONSES; PRESSURE; VOLUME AB BACKGROUND: We designed this study to determine if 900 mL of blood withdrawal during spontaneous breathing in healthy volunteers could be detected by examining the time-varying spectral amplitude of the photoplethysmographic (PPG) waveform in the heart rate frequency band and/or in the breathing rate frequency band before significant changes occurred in heart rate or arterial blood pressure. We also identified the best PPG probe site for early detection of blood volume loss by testing ear, finger, and forehead sites. METHODS: Eight subjects had 900 mL of blood withdrawn followed by reinfusion of 900 mL of blood. Physiological monitoring included PPG waveforms from ear, finger, and forehead probe sites, standard electrocardiogram, and standard blood pressure cuff measurements. The time-varying amplitude sequences in the heart rate frequency band and breathing rate frequency band present in the PPG waveform were extracted from high-resolution time-frequency spectra. These amplitudes were used as a parameter for blood loss detection. RESULTS: Heart rate and arterial blood pressure did not significantly change during the protocol. Using time-frequency analysis of the PPG waveform from ear, finger, and forehead probe sites, the amplitude signal extracted at the frequency corresponding to the heart rate significantly decreased when 900 mL of blood was withdrawn, relative to baseline (all P < 0.05); for the ear, the corresponding signal decreased when only 300 mL of blood was withdrawn. The mean percent decrease in the amplitude of the heart rate component at 900 mL blood loss relative to baseline was 45.2% (38.2%), 42.0% (29.2%), and 42.3% (30.5%) for ear, finger, and forehead probe sites, respectively, with the lower 95% confidence limit shown in parentheses. After 900 mL blood reinfusion, the amplitude signal at the heart rate frequency showed a recovery towards baseline. There was a clear separation of amplitude values at the heart rate frequency between baseline and 900 mL blood withdrawal. Specificity and sensitivity were both found to be 87.5% with 95% confidence intervals (47.4%, 99.7%) for ear PPG signals for a chosen threshold value that was optimized to separate the 2 clusters of amplitude values (baseline and blood loss) at the heart rate frequency. Meanwhile, no significant changes in the spectral amplitude in the frequency band corresponding to respiration were found. CONCLUSION: A time-frequency spectral method detected blood loss in spontaneously breathing subjects before the onset of significant changes in heart rate or blood pressure. Spectral amplitudes at the heart rate frequency band were found to significantly decrease during blood loss in spontaneously breathing subjects, whereas those at the breathing rate frequency band did not significantly change. This technique may serve as a valuable tool in intraoperative and trauma settings to detect and monitor hemorrhage. (Anesth Analg 2012;115:74-81) C1 [Scully, Christopher G.; Selvaraj, Nandakumar; Chon, Ki H.] Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Biomed Engn, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. [Romberg, Frederick W.; Wardhan, Richa; Ryan, John; Silverman, David G.; Shelley, Kirk H.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Florian, John P.] USN, Expt Div Unit, Dept Biomed Res & Dev, Panama City, FL USA. RP Chon, KH (reprint author), Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Biomed Engn, 100 Inst Rd, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. EM kichon@wpi.edu RI Shelley, Kirk/E-4435-2010 OI Shelley, Kirk/0000-0002-7344-0897 FU Office of Naval Research work unit N00014-08-1-0244; American Heart Association FX Office of Naval Research work unit N00014-08-1-0244.; Funded in part by a student research grant to John Ryan and Frederick Romberg (under mentorship of Dr. David Silverman) from American Heart Association (Founders Affiliate Health Sciences Student Research Fellowship). NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 115 IS 1 BP 74 EP 81 PG 8 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 963DR UT WOS:000305600800016 PM 22543068 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Allafort, A Antolini, E Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Burnett, TH Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Celik, O Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chen, AW Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cutini, S de Angelis, A DeCesar, ME De Luca, A de Palma, F Dermer, CD do Couto e Silva, E Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Dubois, R Enoto, T Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Focke, WB Fortin, P Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Gustafsson, M Hadasch, D Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Healey, SE Hill, AB Horan, D Hou, X Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, TJ Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lee, SH Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Mehault, J Michelson, PF Mignani, RP Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Naumann-Godo, M Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pesce-Rollins, M Pierbattista, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Ray, PS Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Romani, RW Sadrozinski, HFW Salvetti, D Parkinson, PMS Schalk, TL Sgro, C Shaw, MS Siskind, EJ Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tibolla, O Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Troja, E Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wallace, E Wang, P Winer, BL Wolff, MT Wood, DL Wood, KS Yang, Z Zimmer, S AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Allafort, A. Antolini, E. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Burnett, T. H. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Celik, O. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chen, A. W. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. de Angelis, A. DeCesar, M. E. De Luca, A. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Dubois, R. Enoto, T. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Focke, W. B. Fortin, P. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Gustafsson, M. Hadasch, D. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Healey, S. E. Hill, A. B. Horan, D. Hou, X. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, T. J. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lee, S. -H. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Mehault, J. Michelson, P. F. Mignani, R. P. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Naumann-Godo, M. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Ray, P. S. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Romani, R. W. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Salvetti, D. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Schalk, T. L. Sgro, C. Shaw, M. S. Siskind, E. J. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, O. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Troja, E. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wallace, E. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wolff, M. T. Wood, D. L. Wood, K. S. Yang, Z. Zimmer, S. TI A STATISTICAL APPROACH TO RECOGNIZING SOURCE CLASSES FOR UNASSOCIATED SOURCES IN THE FIRST FERMI-LAT CATALOG SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE catalogs; galaxies: active; gamma rays: general; methods: statistical; pulsars: general ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; GAMMA-RAY SOURCES; ALL-SKY SURVEY; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; EGRET ERROR BOXES; PULSAR WIND NEBULA; MILLISECOND PULSARS; SPACE-TELESCOPE; RADIO PULSARS; CRAB-NEBULA AB The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) First Source Catalog (1FGL) provided spatial, spectral, and temporal properties for a large number of gamma-ray sources using a uniform analysis method. After correlating with the most-complete catalogs of source types known to emit gamma rays, 630 of these sources are "unassociated" (i.e., have no obvious counterparts at other wavelengths). Here, we employ two statistical analyses of the primary gamma-ray characteristics for these unassociated sources in an effort to correlate their gamma-ray properties with the active galactic nucleus (AGN) and pulsar populations in 1FGL. Based on the correlation results, we classify 221 AGN-like and 134 pulsar-like sources in the 1FGL unassociated sources. The results of these source "classifications" appear to match the expected source distributions, especially at high Galactic latitudes. While useful for planning future multiwavelength follow-up observations, these analyses use limited inputs, and their predictions should not be considered equivalent to "probable source classes" for these sources. We discuss multiwavelength results and catalog cross-correlations to date, and provide new source associations for 229 Fermi-LAT sources that had no association listed in the 1FGL catalog. By validating the source classifications against these new associations, we find that the new association matches the predicted source class in similar to 80% of the sources. C1 [Ackermann, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Enoto, T.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Healey, S. E.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kerr, M.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Shaw, M. S.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Enoto, T.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Healey, S. E.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kerr, M.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Shaw, M. S.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Antolini, E.; Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Antolini, E.; Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Pierbattista, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CNRS, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Gustafsson, M.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Pivato, G.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bouvier, A.; Razzano, M.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Bouvier, A.; Razzano, M.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Brandt, T. J.; Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Brandt, T. J.; Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] Univ Toulouse, IRAP, UPS OMP, GAHEC, Toulouse, France. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Dermer, C. D.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Wallace, E.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEE CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.; Chen, A. W.; Salvetti, D.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Celik, O.; DeCesar, M. E.; Ferrara, E. C.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, O.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, O.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Celik, O.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chekhtman, A.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Cheung, C. C.; Johnson, T. J.] Natl Acad Sci, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Mehault, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [DeCesar, M. E.; McEnery, J. 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[Hou, X.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Reposeur, T.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Katagiri, H.] Ibaraki Univ, Coll Sci, Mito, Ibaraki 3108512, Japan. [Kataoka, J.; Nakamori, T.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Latronico, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezioine Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Lee, S. -H.] Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Mignani, R. P.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Okumura, A.; Ozaki, M.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tibolla, O.] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.; Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Tramacere, A.] INTEGRAL Sci Data Ctr, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Wood, D. L.] Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. RP Ackermann, M (reprint author), Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. EM elizabeth.c.ferrara@nasa.gov; monzani@slac.stanford.edu; salvetti@lambrate.inaf.it; vilchez@cesr.fr RI Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015 OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278; De Luca, Andrea/0000-0001-6739-687X; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Hill, Adam/0000-0003-3470-4834; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. NR 86 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 17 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 753 IS 1 AR 83 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/753/1/83 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 963OV UT WOS:000305632500083 ER PT J AU Wood, BE Laming, JM Karovska, M AF Wood, Brian E. Laming, J. Martin Karovska, Margarita TI THE CORONAL ABUNDANCE ANOMALIES OF M DWARFS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: coronae; stars: individual (GJ 338); stars: late-type; X-rays: stars ID X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; INTERMEDIATE-ACTIVITY LEVELS; XMM-NEWTON VIEW; NON-WKB MODELS; ALPHA-CENTAURI; STELLAR CORONAE; BINARY-SYSTEM; SOLAR-WIND; STARS; CHANDRA AB We analyze Chandra X-ray spectra of the M0 V+M0 V binary GJ 338. As quantified by X-ray surface flux, these are the most inactive M dwarfs ever observed with X-ray grating spectroscopy. We focus on measuring coronal abundances, in particular searching for evidence of abundance anomalies related to first ionization potential (FIP). In the solar corona and wind, low-FIP elements are overabundant, which is the so-called FIP effect. For other stars, particularly very active ones, an "inverse FIP effect" is often observed, with low-FIP elements being underabundant. For both members of the GJ 338 binary, we find evidence for a modest inverse FIP effect, consistent with expectations from a previously reported correlation between spectral type and FIP bias. This amounts to strong evidence that all M dwarfs should exhibit the inverse FIP effect phenomenon, not just the active ones. We take the first step toward modeling the inverse FIP phenomenon in M dwarfs, building on past work that has demonstrated that MHD waves coursing through coronal loops can lead to a ponderomotive force that fractionates elements in a manner consistent with the FIP effect. We demonstrate that in certain circumstances this model can also lead to an inverse FIP effect, pointing the way to more detailed modeling of M dwarf coronal abundances in the future. C1 [Wood, Brian E.; Laming, J. Martin] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Karovska, Margarita] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Wood, BE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.wood@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA through ATP [NNH11AQ23I, GO1-12012Z]; NASA [NAS8-03060] FX We thank Brad Wargelin and Vinay Kashyap for their assistance in identifying the source of the asymmetry in the GJ 338A image. Support for this work was provided by NASA through ATP award NNH11AQ23I and Chandra Award Number GO1-12012Z issued by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC). M.K. is a member of CXC, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060. NR 47 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 753 IS 1 AR 76 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/753/1/76 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 963OV UT WOS:000305632500076 ER PT J AU Voas, J Michael, JB van Genuchten, M AF Voas, Jeffrey Michael, J. Bret van Genuchten, Michiel TI The Mobile Software App Takeover SO IEEE SOFTWARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Michael, J. Bret] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA USA. [Michael, J. Bret] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA USA. [van Genuchten, Michiel] Open Digital Dent, Zug, Switzerland. EM jeffrey.m.voas@gmail.com; bmichael@nps.edu; genuchten@ieee.org RI vangenuchten, michiel/B-1766-2013 NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0740-7459 J9 IEEE SOFTWARE JI IEEE Softw. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 29 IS 4 BP 25 EP 27 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 964VX UT WOS:000305725900008 ER PT J AU Chen, W AF Chen, Wei TI Surface Velocity Estimation From Satellite Imagery Using Displaced Frame Central Difference Equation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Current; current estimation; displacement estimation; infrared images; inverse problems; motion estimation; velocity; velocity estimation ID CROSS-CORRELATION TECHNIQUE; OPTICAL-FLOW; MOTION ESTIMATION; INFRARED IMAGES; SEA; CURRENTS; OCEAN; SEQUENCES; FIELDS; TEMPERATURE AB Estimation of surface velocity from satellite imagery with large-scale displacement and longer temporal interval is one of the most challenging remote sensing problems in ocean dynamics. In this paper, a nonlinear inverse model using the displaced frame central difference (DFCD) equation has been created for estimating velocity in an image sequence. Iterative equations with Gauss-Newton and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithms are formulated for solving the nonlinear system of equations. A unified adaptive framework is developed based on the DFCD equations, velocity field modeling, a nonlinear least-squares model, and an algorithm of progressive relaxation of the overconstraint for seeking a flow field in which each vector is consistent with its neighbors. A numerical model is used as a benchmark to examine the accuracy of this new technique. Three sequences of NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) images taken in the New York Bight are also used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed technique. The estimated velocity fields are compared with those measured with the coastal ocean dynamics applications radar array. The experimental results indicate that the new estimator with the DFCD equation has major improvement over the linear inverse model for the simulation and real AVHRR data sets. C1 USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chen, W (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM wei.chen@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research at the Naval Research Laboratory [WU-4279-01] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through the project WU-4279-01 at the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 EI 1558-0644 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JUL PY 2012 VL 50 IS 7 BP 2791 EP 2801 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2011.2176134 PN 2 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 965DO UT WOS:000305746900010 ER PT J AU Huang, L Shabaev, A Lambrakos, SG Bernstein, N Jacobs, V Finkenstadt, D Massa, L AF Huang, L. Shabaev, A. Lambrakos, S. G. Bernstein, N. Jacobs, V. Finkenstadt, D. Massa, L. TI Dielectric Response of High Explosives at THz Frequencies Calculated Using Density Functional Theory SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE chemical analysis; material selection; modeling processes ID GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS AB We present in this study calculations of the ground-state resonance structures associated with the high explosives beta-HMX, PETN, RDX, TNT1, and TNT2 using density functional theory (DFT). Our objective is the construction of parameterized dielectric-response functions for excitation by electromagnetic waves at compatible frequencies. These dielectric-response functions provide the basis for analyses pertaining to the dielectric properties of explosives. In particular, these dielectric-response functions provide quantitative initial estimates of spectral-response features for subsequent adjustment with knowledge of additional information, such as laboratory measurements and other types of theory-based calculations. With respect to qualitative analyses, these spectra provide for the molecular-level interpretation of response structure. The DFT software GAUSSIAN was used for the calculations of the ground-state resonance structures presented here. C1 [Huang, L.; Lambrakos, S. G.; Bernstein, N.; Jacobs, V.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Shabaev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Finkenstadt, D.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Massa, L.] CUNY Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10065 USA. RP Huang, L (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lambrakos@anvil.nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This study is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 EI 1544-1024 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 21 IS 7 BP 1120 EP 1132 DI 10.1007/s11665-011-0020-3 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 962EL UT WOS:000305522800002 ER PT J AU Schubbe, JJ Mucciardi, AN AF Schubbe, Joel J. Mucciardi, Anthony N. TI Investigation of Bulk Damage Progression and Inspection for GFRP Laminate Properties SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE damage tolerance; durability; fatigue; life prediction; non-destructive evaluation; ultrasonics ID COMPOSITE-MATERIALS; ACOUSTOGRAPHY; GROWTH AB A study has been accomplished to compare bulk material degradation in two graphite fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) laminates under cyclical fatigue. This study is the first in a series of experiments to characterize and quantify acoustic response to large-area bulk properties of field systems with hybrid structural composite-metallic systems. Long before failure of load-bearing composite components, stiffness reduction creates loading path changes, potentially overloading or fatiguing metallic substructure. The composite materials used in this study represent potential components and their respective correlation of stiffness changes to acoustic signal degradation through direct area measurement techniques. Specimens tested were fatigued using a sinusoidal waveform at continuous max loading and stress range at 30, 50, 60, and 70% of each layup, and UTS and cyclic stress-strain data were collected over 100,000 cycles to generate discrete levels of stiffness change. Additional specimens were cycled to one million cycles to generate higher levels of damage and determine failure life in specimens examined. All the specimens in this study were 8-ply, woven, 30.5-cm-long, 2.54-cm-wide, 0.297-cm-thick, rectangular specimens. A damage parameter based on material stiffness, as determined by changes in Young's modulus (D = 1-E/E-0), was employed to compare the overall stiffness changes in the specimens. This damage parameter was correlated to ultrasonic scan results to provide a basis for field characterization of bulk material damage and, subsequently, life estimates of in-use structural parts. Examination of these effects showed a strong correlation of back-face signal strength to stiffness degradation in both laminates. C1 [Schubbe, Joel J.; Mucciardi, Anthony N.] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Schubbe, JJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM Schubbe@usna.edu FU US Navy; Boeing Aerospace FX This study was supported by the US Navy, Boeing Aerospace, and their respective laboratories. The authors offer special thanks to Dr. Matt Tillman and Mr. Brian Harkless for their support in this research. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 21 IS 7 BP 1275 EP 1282 DI 10.1007/s11665-011-0002-5 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 962EL UT WOS:000305522800022 ER PT J AU Brown, L Joyce, P Radice, J Gregorian, D Gobble, M AF Brown, Lloyd Joyce, Peter Radice, Joshua Gregorian, Dro Gobble, Michael TI Strain Rate Dependency of Bronze Metal Matrix Composite Mechanical Properties as a Function of Casting Technique SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE casting; metal matrix composites; mechanical testing; non ferrous metals AB Strain rate dependency of mechanical properties of tungsten carbide (WC)-filled bronze castings fabricated by centrifugal and sedimentation-casting techniques are examined, in this study. Both casting techniques are an attempt to produce a functionally graded material with high wear resistance at a chosen surface. Potential applications of such materials include shaft bushings, electrical contact surfaces, and brake rotors. Knowledge of strain rate-dependent mechanical properties is recommended for predicting component response due to dynamic loading or impact events. A brief overview of the casting techniques for the materials considered in this study is followed by an explanation of the test matrix and testing techniques. Hardness testing, density measurement, and determination of the volume fraction of WC particles are performed throughout the castings using both image analysis and optical microscopy. The effects of particle filling on mechanical properties are first evaluated through a microhardness survey of the castings. The volume fraction of WC particles is validated using a thorough density survey and a rule-of-mixtures model. Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) testing of various volume fraction specimens is conducted to determine strain dependence of mechanical properties and to compare the process-property relationships between the two casting techniques. The baseline performances of C95400 bronze are provided for comparison. The results show that the addition of WC particles improves microhardness significantly for the centrifugally cast specimens, and, to a lesser extent, in the sedimentation-cast specimens, largely because the WC particles are more concentrated as a result of the centrifugal-casting process. Both metal matrix composites (MMCs) demonstrate strain rate dependency, with sedimentation casting having a greater, but variable, effects on material response. This difference is attributed to legacy effects from the casting process, namely, porosity and localized WC particle grouping. C1 [Brown, Lloyd; Joyce, Peter; Radice, Joshua; Gregorian, Dro] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Gobble, Michael] US Marine Corps, Quantico, VA USA. [Gobble, Michael] MCB, Quantico, VA 22134 USA. RP Brown, L (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM LBrown@usna.edu OI Joyce, Peter/0000-0001-6774-2170 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 21 IS 7 BP 1462 EP 1467 DI 10.1007/s11665-011-9996-y PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 962EL UT WOS:000305522800046 ER PT J AU Scott, RB Ferry, N Drevillon, M Barron, CN Jourdain, NC Lellouche, JM Metzger, EJ Rio, MH Smedstad, OM AF Scott, Robert Bruce Ferry, Nicolas Drevillon, Marie Barron, Charlie N. Jourdain, Nicolas C. Lellouche, Jean-Michel Metzger, Edward Joseph Rio, Marie-Helene Smedstad, Ole Martin TI Estimates of surface drifter trajectories in the equatorial Atlantic: a multi-model ensemble approach SO OCEAN DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE Ocean prediction; Surface drifters; Data assimilation; Eddying OGCM; Model intercomparison; Model-data comparison; Multi-model ensemble prediction ID OCEAN DATA ASSIMILATION; TROPICAL INSTABILITY VORTICES; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; NORTH BRAZIL CURRENT; PREDICTABILITY; IMPACT; PREDICTION; SEA; TEMPERATURE; STATISTICS AB We compared the estimates of surface drifter trajectories from 1 to 7 days in the equatorial Atlantic over an 18-month period with five eddying ocean general circulation model (OGCM) reanalyses and one observational product. The cumulative distribution of trajectory error was estimated using over 7,000 days of drifter trajectories. The observational product had smaller errors than any of the individual OGCM reanalyses. Three strategies for improving trajectory estimates using the ensemble of five operational ocean analysis and forecasting products were explored: two methods using a multi-model ensemble estimate and also spatial low-pass filtering. The results were insensitive to the method used to create the ensemble estimates, and by most measures, the results were better than the observational product. Comparison of relative skill of the various OGCM reanalyses suggested promising avenues for exploration for further improvements: forcing with higher frequency wind stress and quality control of input data. One of the lowest horizontal resolution OGCMs, with 1/4A degrees longitude horizontal resolution, made the best trajectory estimates. The individual OGCMs were dominated by errors at spatial scales smaller than about 100 to 200 km, i.e., less than the local deformation radius. But buried in those errors were valuable signals that could be retrieved by combining all the OGCM velocity fields to produce a multi-model ensemble-based estimate. This estimate had skill down to spatial scales about 75 km. Results from this study are consistent with previous work showing that ensemble-mean forecast skill is superior to individual forecasts. C1 [Scott, Robert Bruce] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Geophys, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78758 USA. [Scott, Robert Bruce] UBO, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD,Lab Phys Oceans,MR6523, Brest, France. [Barron, Charlie N.; Metzger, Edward Joseph] USN, Res Lab, Hancock Cty, MS 39529 USA. [Ferry, Nicolas; Drevillon, Marie; Lellouche, Jean-Michel] Mercator Ocean, Toulouse, France. [Jourdain, Nicolas C.] Lab Ecoulements Geophys & Ind, Grenoble, France. [Rio, Marie-Helene] Collecte Localisat Satellites, Ramonville St Agne, France. [Smedstad, Ole Martin] QinetiQ N Amer, Hancock Cty, MS 39529 USA. RP Scott, RB (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Inst Geophys, Jackson Sch Geosci, JJ Pickle Res Campus,Bldg 196 ROC,10100 Burnet Rd, Austin, TX 78758 USA. EM robert.scott@univ-brest.fr RI Barron, Charlie/C-1451-2008; Jourdain, Nicolas/B-6899-2015 OI Jourdain, Nicolas/0000-0002-1372-2235 FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0526412, OCE-0851457]; NASA through Boston University; NASA through NOCS FX Eric Greiner suggested to combine model ensemble velocity fields (personal communication, 2010). The null hypothesis that the model ensemble velocity fields have more skill only because they were smoother came from Carl Wunsch (personal communication, 2010). The presentation of the manuscript benefitted substantially from two anonymous reviews. RBS thanks the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (NOCS) for hosting an extended visit. RBS was supported by National Science Foundation grants OCE-0526412 and OCE-0851457 and NASA subcontract through Boston University and NOCS. This is UTIG contribution #2481. NR 72 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1616-7341 J9 OCEAN DYNAM JI Ocean Dyn. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 62 IS 7 BP 1091 EP 1109 DI 10.1007/s10236-012-0548-2 PG 19 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 964JS UT WOS:000305691000008 ER PT J AU Frolov, S Paduan, J Cook, M Bellingham, J AF Frolov, Sergey Paduan, Jeffrey Cook, Michael Bellingham, James TI Improved statistical prediction of surface currents based on historic HF-radar observations SO OCEAN DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE Surface current prediction; HF-radar; Search and rescue; Monterey Bay, CA ID MONTEREY BAY AREA; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA; ASSIMILATION; MODEL AB Accurate short-term prediction of surface currents can improve the efficiency of search-and-rescue operations, oil-spill response, and marine operations. We developed a linear statistical model for predicting surface currents (up to 48 h in the future) based on a short time history of past HF-radar observations (past 48 h) and an optional forecast of surface winds. Our model used empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) to capture spatial correlations in the HF-radar data and used a linear autoregression model to predict the temporal dynamics of the EOF coefficients. We tested the developed statistical model using historical observations of surface currents in Monterey Bay, California. The predicted particle trajectories separated from particles advected with HF-radar data at a rate of 4.4 km/day. The developed model was more accurate than an existing statistical model (drifter separation of 5.5 km/day) and a circulation model (drifter separation of 8.9 km/day). When the wind forecast was not available, the accuracy of our model degraded slightly (drifter separation of 4.9 km/day), but was still better than existing models. We found that the minimal length of the HF-radar data required to train an accurate statistical model was between 1 and 2 years, depending on the accuracy desired. Our evaluation showed that the developed model is accurate, is easier to implement and maintain than existing statistical and circulation models, and can be relocated to other coastal systems of similar complexity that have a sufficient history of HF-radar observations. C1 [Frolov, Sergey; Bellingham, James] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. [Paduan, Jeffrey; Cook, Michael] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Frolov, S (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Univ Corp Atmospher Res, 7 Grace Hopper Av, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM frolovs@mbari.org OI Frolov, Sergey/0000-0002-9081-1979 FU Central and Northern California Ocean Observing System; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-10-1-0424]; State of California's Coastal Ocean Currents Monitoring Program FX We are grateful to the technicians and funding agencies that over the years supported the collection of HF-radar measurements in the Monterey Bay area, especially the State of California's Coastal Ocean Currents Monitoring Program. The open access to the datasets used in this paper (HF-radar, HF-Radar forecast, COAMPS forecast, and JPL-ROMS forecast) was funded by the Central and Northern California Ocean Observing System. We specifically thank Chris Edwards and James Doyle for facilitating access to COMAPS model files. This work was supported by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation and the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under grant (N00014-10-1-0424). NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1616-7341 J9 OCEAN DYNAM JI Ocean Dyn. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 62 IS 7 BP 1111 EP 1122 DI 10.1007/s10236-012-0553-5 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 964JS UT WOS:000305691000009 ER PT J AU Atkinson, MP Kress, M AF Atkinson, Michael P. Kress, Moshe TI On popular response to violence during insurgencies SO OPERATIONS RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Counterinsurgency; Collateral damage; Targeted actions; Popular support; Ordinary differential equations AB Population behavior is a key factor in the evolution and outcome of insurgencies. This behavior is affected by the violence exerted by the insurgents and the regime. In this paper we model the effect of targeted (i.e., coercion) and misguided (i.e., collateral casualties) violence on the behavior of the population. It is shown that excess violence and poor targeting accuracy may lead to situations where a population's support for a certain side will vanish. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Atkinson, Michael P.; Kress, Moshe] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kress, M (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM mpatkins@nps.edu; mkress@nps.edu NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6377 J9 OPER RES LETT JI Oper. Res. Lett. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 40 IS 4 BP 223 EP 229 DI 10.1016/j.orl.2012.04.004 PG 7 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA 963DK UT WOS:000305600100001 ER PT J AU Broderick, MP Hansen, CJ Faix, DJ AF Broderick, Michael P. Hansen, Christian J. Faix, Dennis J. TI Factors Associated With Loss of Penicillin G Concentrations in Serum After Intramuscular Benzathine Penicillin G Injection: A Meta-analysis SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE benzathine penicillin G; group A streptococcus; prophylaxis; meta-analysis; systematic review ID RHEUMATIC-FEVER PROPHYLAXIS; EVERY 4 WEEKS; GROUP-A STREPTOCOCCI; PREVENTION; PHARYNGITIS; CHILDREN; PHARMACOKINETICS; RECURRENCES; REGIMENS; 3-WEEK AB Background: An interval of 3-4 weeks between intramuscular injections of 1.2 million units of benzathine penicillin G as prophylaxis against group A streptococcal infection is recommended by health organizations for patients with pediatric rheumatic fever and heart disease. Methods: We reviewed the literature for evidence of the persistence of serum penicillin G during the first 4 weeks after the recommended dose of benzathine penicillin G. Results: The weighted-mean concentration was <0.02 mu g/mL by 3 weeks after the initial dose. Weighted means were lower in studies done after 1990 than before (P < 0.01), in studies dealing with secondary versus primary prophylaxis (P < 0.01) and in studies in children versus those in adults (P < 0.02). Conclusions: Recommendations for benzathine penicillin G prophylaxis may need reevaluation. C1 [Broderick, Michael P.; Hansen, Christian J.] USN, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Operat Infect Dis Dept, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Broderick, MP (reprint author), USN, Dept Resp Med, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM michael.broderick@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center's Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System FX This study was supported by the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center's Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System. The sponsor of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation or writing of the report. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the US Government. The authors have no other conflicts of interest or funding to disclose. NR 46 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 31 IS 7 BP 722 EP 725 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31825051d4 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 964PJ UT WOS:000305708300012 PM 22481428 ER PT J AU Makarov, VV Dorland, BN Gaume, RA Hennessy, GS Berghea, CT Dudik, RP Schmitt, HR AF Makarov, V. V. Dorland, B. N. Gaume, R. A. Hennessy, G. S. Berghea, C. T. Dudik, R. P. Schmitt, H. R. TI CORRELATED AND ZONAL ERRORS OF GLOBAL ASTROMETRIC MISSIONS: A SPHERICAL HARMONIC SOLUTION SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; methods: numerical; parallaxes; proper motions ID PARALLAXES; POSITIONS; ACCURACY; AGIS AB We propose a computer-efficient and accurate method of estimating spatially correlated errors in astrometric positions, parallaxes, and proper motions obtained by space- and ground-based astrometry missions. In our method, the simulated observational equations are set up and solved for the coefficients of scalar and vector spherical harmonics representing the output errors rather than for individual objects in the output catalog. Both accidental and systematic correlated errors of astrometric parameters can be accurately estimated. The method is demonstrated on the example of the JMAPS mission, but can be used for other projects in space astrometry, such as SIM or JASMINE. C1 [Makarov, V. V.; Dorland, B. N.; Gaume, R. A.; Hennessy, G. S.; Berghea, C. T.; Dudik, R. P.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Schmitt, H. R.] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. RP Makarov, VV (reprint author), USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. EM vvm@usno.navy.mil OI Makarov, Valeri/0000-0003-2336-7887 NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 144 IS 1 AR 22 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/144/1/22 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 960VB UT WOS:000305418600022 ER PT J AU Tokovinin, A Hartung, M Hayward, TL Makarov, VV AF Tokovinin, Andrei Hartung, Markus Hayward, Thomas L. Makarov, Valeri V. TI REVEALING COMPANIONS TO NEARBY STARS WITH ASTROMETRIC ACCELERATION SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general ID SOLAR-TYPE STARS; SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY; RADIAL-VELOCITIES; PROPER-MOTION; BINARIES; MASS; CATALOG; MULTIPLICITY; NEIGHBORHOOD; ORBITS AB A subset of 51 Hipparcos astrometric binaries among FG dwarfs within 67 pc has been surveyed with the Near-Infrared Coronagraphic Imager adaptive optics system at Gemini-S, directly resolving for the first time 17 subarcsecond companions and 7 wider ones. Using these data together with published speckle interferometry of 57 stars, we compare the statistics of resolved astrometric companions with those of a simulated binary population. The fraction of resolved companions is slightly lower than expected from binary statistics. About 10% of astrometric companions could be "dark" (white dwarfs and close pairs of late M-dwarfs). To our surprise, several binaries are found with companions too wide to explain the acceleration. Re-analysis of selected intermediate astrometric data shows that some acceleration solutions in the original Hipparcos catalog are spurious. C1 [Tokovinin, Andrei] Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena, Chile. [Hartung, Markus; Hayward, Thomas L.] Gemini Observ, So Operat Ctr, La Serena, Chile. [Makarov, Valeri V.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Tokovinin, A (reprint author), Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile. EM atokovinin@ctio.noao.edu; mhartung@gemini.edu; thayward@gemini.edu; valeri.makarov@usno.navy.mil OI Makarov, Valeri/0000-0003-2336-7887; Tokovinin, Andrei/0000-0002-2084-0782 NR 27 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 144 IS 1 AR 7 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/144/1/7 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 960VB UT WOS:000305418600007 ER PT J AU Zhang, XJ AF Zhang, X. J. TI Microhardness characterisation in developing high strength, high toughness and superior ballistic resistance low carbon Ni steel SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Low carbon Ni steel; Ballistic resistance; Austenite; Martensite; Ballistic induced plasticity (BIP); Dynamic deformation ID PLATES; PERFORATION; PROJECTILES AB To develop new steels that exceed the ballistic resistance, strength and toughness of current naval ship steel plates, we designed optimally quenching-lamellarising-tempering treated low carbon 10%Ni steel plates. These plates displayed exceptional properties in all aspects; when compared to the widely used HSLA-100 steel plates, they showed superior toughness and an improvement of over 15% in strength and 20 mm fragment simulation projectile ballistic limit V-50. A preliminary vibrating sample magnetometer study on the effect of quenching-lamellarising-tempering process and dynamic deformation on the microstructure evolution of the 10%Ni steel during ballistic impact was valuable to our understanding of the steel. The data led us to conclude that dynamic deformation during ballistic perforation induced an austenite to martensite phase transformation, which improves the global dynamic plasticity and ballistic resistance of the steel target. This mechanism, similar to the transformation induced plasticity effect, can be appropriately named ballistic induced plasticity. Characteristics of the microhardness maps of the sectioned craters created by ballistics are consistent with ballistic induced plasticity. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. RP Zhang, XJ (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. EM Xian.Zhang@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research, Structural Metals Naval Materials Science and Technology FX Support for the present research from Dr W. M. Mullins, Programme Manager of the Office of Naval Research, Structural Metals Naval Materials Science and Technology, is greatly appreciated. The author would also like to thank Mr D. Gessleman of the Aberdeen Test Center, Dr J. B. Restorff and Mr A. V. Brandemarte of NSWCCD for their assistance with ballistic tests, VSM tests and metallography respectively. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 0267-0836 J9 MATER SCI TECH-LOND JI Mater. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 28 IS 7 BP 818 EP 822 DI 10.1179/1743284712Y.0000000015 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 958BS UT WOS:000305211600012 ER PT J AU Fuller, ME Schaefer, CE Andaya, C Lazouskaya, V Fallis, S Wang, C Jin, Y AF Fuller, Mark E. Schaefer, Charles E. Andaya, Christina Lazouskaya, Volha Fallis, Steve Wang, Chao Jin, Yan TI Dissolution kinetics of sub-millimeter Composition B detonation residues: Role of particle size and particle wetting SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE RDX; TNT; Mass transfer; Colloid; Dissolution; Composition B ID ENERGETIC MATERIALS; TRANSPORT AB The dissolution of the 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) from microscale particles (<250 mu m) of the explosive formulation Composition B was examined and compared to dissolution from macroscopic particles (>0.5 mm). The dissolution of explosives from detonation soot was also examined. The measured mass transfer coefficients for the microscale particles were one to two orders of magnitude greater than the macroscopic particles. When normalized to particle surface area, mass transfer coefficients of microscale and macroscale particles were similar, indicating that the bulk dissolution processes were similar throughout the examined size range. However, an inverse relationship was observed between the particle diameter and the RDX:TNT mass transfer rate coefficient ratio for dry-attritted particles, which suggests that RDX may be more readily dissolved (relative to TNT) in microscale particles compared to macroscale particles. Aqueous weathering of larger Composition B residue; generated particles that possessed mass transfer coefficients that were on the order of 5- to 20-fold higher than dry-attritted particles of all sizes, even when normalized to particle surface area. These aqueous weathered particles also possessed a fourfold lower absolute zeta-potential than dry-attritted particles, which is indicative that they were less hydrophobic (and hence, more wettable) than dry-attritted particles. The increased wettability of these particles provides a plausible explanation for the observed enhanced dissolution. The wetting history and the processes by which particles are produced (e.g., dry physical attrition vs. aqueous weathering) of Composition B residues should be considered when calculating mass transfer rates for fate and transport modeling. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fuller, Mark E.; Schaefer, Charles E.; Andaya, Christina; Lazouskaya, Volha] Shaw Environm Inc, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. [Lazouskaya, Volha; Wang, Chao; Jin, Yan] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Fallis, Steve] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Fuller, ME (reprint author), Shaw Environm Inc, 17 Princess Rd, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. EM mark.fuller@shawgrp.com FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [W912HQ-09-C0012] FX This project was supported by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) through Contract W912HQ-09-C0012. We thank the Naval Explosive Ordnance Disposal Technology Division (Blossom Point), and Dr. Susan Taylor (US Army Corps of Engineers) for providing some of the explosive materials used for this research. We would also like to acknowledge Ms. Tamara Jones of the Detonation Sciences Branch who coordinated the Composition B detonation experiments at China Lake. Views, opinions, and/or findings contained in this report are those of the author(s) and should not be construed as an official Department of Defense position or decision unless so designated by other official documentation. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JUL PY 2012 VL 88 IS 5 BP 591 EP 597 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.03.038 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 958SV UT WOS:000305261900009 PM 22483856 ER PT J AU Yun, XP Calusdian, J Bachmann, ER McGhee, RB AF Yun, Xiaoping Calusdian, James Bachmann, Eric R. McGhee, Robert B. TI Estimation of Human Foot Motion During Normal Walking Using Inertial and Magnetic Sensor Measurements SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) CY MAY 30-31, 2011 CL Bari, ITALY SP IEEE, IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc (IMS) DE Accelerometers; angular rate sensors; complementary filter; foot kinematics; foot motion; gyros; inertial sensors; magnetic sensors; personal navigation; position estimation ID NAVIGATION; ORIENTATION; TRACKING; SYSTEM AB A foot motion filtering algorithm is presented for estimating foot kinematics relative to an earth-fixed reference frame during normal walking motion. Algorithm input data are obtained from a foot-mounted inertial/magnetic measurement unit. The sensor unit contains a three-axis accelerometer, a three-axis angular rate sensor, and a three-axis magnetometer. The algorithm outputs are the foot kinematic parameters, which include foot orientation, position, velocity, acceleration, and gait phase. The foot motion filtering algorithm incorporates novel methods for orientation estimation, gait detection, and position estimation. Accurate foot orientation estimates are obtained during both static and dynamic motion using an adaptive-gain complementary filter. Reliable gait detection is accomplished using a simple finite state machine that transitions between states based on angular rate measurements. Accurate position estimates are obtained by integrating acceleration data, which has been corrected for drift using zero velocity updates. Algorithm performance is examined using both simulations and real-world experiments. The simulations include a simple but effective model of the human gait cycle. The simulation and experimental results indicate that a position estimation error of less than 1% of the total distance traveled is achievable using commonly available commercial sensor modules. C1 [Yun, Xiaoping; Calusdian, James; Bachmann, Eric R.; McGhee, Robert B.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Yun, XP (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 30 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 5 U2 47 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9456 EI 1557-9662 J9 IEEE T INSTRUM MEAS JI IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 61 IS 7 BP 2059 EP 2072 DI 10.1109/TIM.2011.2179830 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 957HX UT WOS:000305153000026 ER PT J AU Shrivastava, V Sorrells, T Glass, J AF Shrivastava, Vikas Sorrells, Timothy Glass, Jonathan TI A nodule on the forehead SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Glass, Jonathan] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Dermatol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Sorrells, Timothy] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Pathol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Shrivastava, Vikas] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Med, USS Iwo Jima LHD 7, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Glass, J (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Dermatol, 620 John Paul Jones Cir, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM jonathan.glass@med.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 67 IS 1 BP E1 EP E2 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.11.936 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 959TI UT WOS:000305335900001 ER PT J AU Wu, J Mangham, SC Reddy, VR Manasreh, MO Weaver, BD AF Wu, Jiang Mangham, Scott C. Reddy, V. R. Manasreh, M. O. Weaver, B. D. TI Surface plasmon enhanced intermediate band based quantum dots solar cell SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE Surface plasmon; Quantum dot; Solar cell; Intermediate band; Metallic nanoparticles ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; NANOPARTICLES; SILVER AB Surface plasmon enhancement effect is investigated in InAs/GaAs quantum dots solar cell. A nontrivial enhancement was observed in the photocurrent, quantum efficiency, and the spectral response of the solar cell. The surface plasmon was generated in gold or silver nanoparticles synthesized by a chemical reduction method. The coupling of the metallic nanoparticles to the surface of the solar cell was achieved by utilizing dithiol ligands in conjunction with thermal annealing process. The enhancement was observed in the entire spectral range covered by the solar cell (visible and near infrared spectral regions). This enhancement is attributed to photon scattering and trapping by the surface plasmon generated in the metallic nanoparticles. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Jiang; Mangham, Scott C.; Reddy, V. R.; Manasreh, M. O.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Elect Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Weaver, B. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wu, J (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Elect Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM jxw009@uark.edu; manasreh@uark.edu FU Air Force Office [FA9550-10-1-0136]; NSF-EPSCoR [EPS-1003970]; NASA [242026-1BBX11AQ36A]; Naval Research Office FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of 199 Scientific Research (Grant no. FA9550-10-1-0136), the NSF-EPSCoR program (Grant no. EPS-1003970), and NASA (Grant no. 242026-1BBX11AQ36A).The work at the Naval Research Lab was supported by a grant from the Naval Research Office. NR 25 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 5 U2 68 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD JUL PY 2012 VL 102 BP 44 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2012.03.032 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 956OY UT WOS:000305100200009 ER PT J AU Hiatt, LM Khemlani, SS Trafton, JG AF Hiatt, Laura M. Khemlani, Sangeet S. Trafton, J. Gregory TI An explanatory reasoning framework for embodied agents SO BIOLOGICALLY INSPIRED COGNITIVE ARCHITECTURES LA English DT Article DE Explanations; Inconsistency detection; Mental simulation; Explanatory reasoning AB Our interest is in developing embodied cognitive systems. In the majority of work on cognitive modeling, the focus is on generating models that can perform specific tasks in order to understand specific reasoning processes. This approach has traditionally been exceptionally successful at accomplishing its goal. The approach encounters limitations, however, when the cognitive models are going to be used in an embodied way (e.g., on a robot). Namely, the models are too narrow to operate in the real world due to its unpredictability. In this paper, we argue that one key way for cognitive agents to better operate in real-world environments is to be able to identify and explain unexpected situations in the world; in other words, to perform explanatory reasoning. In this paper, we introduce a framework for explanatory reasoning that describes a way for cognitive agents to achieve this capability. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hiatt, Laura M.; Khemlani, Sangeet S.; Trafton, J. Gregory] Naval Res Lab, Navy Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hiatt, LM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Navy Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM laura.hiatt@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [N0001412WX30002, N0001411WX20516]; National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associateship FX This work was supported by Office of Naval Research Grants N0001412WX30002 and N0001411WX20516 to the first and third authors and a National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associateship to the second author. The views and conclusions contained in this document do not represent the official policies of the US Navy. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2212-683X EI 2212-6848 J9 BIOL INSPIR COGN ARC JI Biol. Inspired Cogn. Archit. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 1 BP 23 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.bica.2012.03.001 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology GA V38RA UT WOS:000209359300004 ER PT J AU Allen, DW Reiser, JJ Machin, JD Koehler, MK Madden, CJ AF Allen, David W. Reiser, Jacob J. Machin, James D. Koehler, Michael K. Madden, Craig J. TI Small-scale feature removal in propeller inspection SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING LA English DT Article ID REGISTRATION; RANGE AB Range scanner inspection of manufactured artifacts like propeller blades produces data used to determine conformity to design. Inspection data contain both large-and small-scale feature information. Because small-scale feature information is irrelevant to analysis of large-scale features, determination of large-scale shape conformance is easier if small-scale information is removed. We discuss the combination of registration and smoothing methods that have been implemented in software for analysis of large-scale shape conformance of manufactured marine propeller blades. We show that although inspection systems produce errors and noise, we are able to create surfaces that accurately represent actual artifact large-scale features. To our knowledge the implementation of these methods has not been accomplished previously in an industrial inspection environment. (C) 2012 SPIE and IS&T. [DOI: 10.1117/1.JEI.21.3.033002] C1 [Allen, David W.; Reiser, Jacob J.; Machin, James D.] Propulsor Technol Inc, Bridgeville, PA 15017 USA. [Koehler, Michael K.] Propulsor Technol Inc, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. [Madden, Craig J.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Allen, DW (reprint author), Propulsor Technol Inc, 100 Emerson Lane,Suite 1503, Bridgeville, PA 15017 USA. EM dallen@propulsor.net NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IS&T & SPIE PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1017-9909 EI 1560-229X J9 J ELECTRON IMAGING JI J. Electron. Imaging PD JUL-SEP PY 2012 VL 21 IS 3 AR 033002 DI 10.1117/1.JEI.21.3.033002 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 000QP UT WOS:000308402500002 ER PT J AU Macera, CA Aralis, HJ Rauh, MJ MacGregor, A AF Macera, Caroline A. Aralis, Hilary J. Rauh, Mitchell J. MacGregor, Andrew TI Postdeployment Symptom Reporting for Blast-Related Traumatic Brain Injury and/or Posttraumatic Stress Syndrome SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Macera, Caroline A.; Aralis, Hilary J.; Rauh, Mitchell J.; MacGregor, Andrew] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. EM cmacera@mail.sdsu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 27 SU 2 MA 1578 BP 355 EP 355 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA V35IG UT WOS:000209142901334 ER PT J AU Schmied, EA Highfill-McRoy, RM Larson, GE AF Schmied, Emily A. Highfill-McRoy, Robyn M. Larson, Gerald E. TI Mental Health and Turnover Following an Initial Term of Military Service SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Objective: This study compared the rates of mental disorders between Marines who re-enlisted and Marines who separated after 1 term, distinguishing between Marines who were and were not recommended for re-enlistment. Methods: Participants included 28,693 male Marines enlisting for 4-year terms between 2002 and 2003, including 9,338 who re-enlisted after 1 term, 18,177 who voluntarily separated after 1 term, and 1,184 who were not recommended for re-enlistment and separated after 1 term. Results: Analysis revealed disproportionately high rates of mental disorders among Marines not recommended for re-enlistment (Odds Ratio = 8.5, 95% Confidence Interval 7.5-9.8) compared with Marines who re-enlisted. Mental disorder prevalence was also elevated among service members who voluntarily separated after 1 term (Odds Ratio = 1.2, 95% Confidence Interval 1.1-1.3). Several specific categories of disorders, including personality disorders, substance use disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder, predicted re-enlistment status. Conclusions: These results suggest that mental disorders influence personnel retention in diverse ways, including heightened turnover, which could have a substantial impact on military manpower costs. C1 [Schmied, Emily A.; Highfill-McRoy, Robyn M.; Larson, Gerald E.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Schmied, EA (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. FU Department of the Army Defense Medical Research and Development Program [60209] FX This represents report 11-639, supported by the Department of the Army Defense Medical Research and Development Program, under work unit 60209. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (Protocol NHRC.2009.0024). Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 177 IS 7 BP 766 EP 772 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA V33NZ UT WOS:000209026800002 PM 22808881 ER PT J AU MacGregor, AJ Dougherty, AL Mayo, JA Rauh, MJ Galarneau, MR AF MacGregor, Andrew J. Dougherty, Amber L. Mayo, Jonathan A. Rauh, Mitchell J. Galarneau, Michael R. TI Occupational Correlates of Low Back Pain Among US Marines Following Combat Deployment SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Many U.S. Marines have experienced routine combat deployments during Operation Iraqi Freedom, which present numerous occupational hazards that may result in low back pain (LBP). The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to identify new-onset LBP among Marines following initial deployment to Operation Iraqi Freedom. Active duty Marines deployed to Iraq or Kuwait between 2005 and 2008 were identified from deployment records and linked to medical databases (n = 36,680). The outcome of interest was an International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification code indicating LBP (724.2) within 1 year postdeployment. Multivariate logistic regression examined the effect of occupation on LBP. Overall, 4.1% (n = 1,517) of Marines were diagnosed with LBP. After adjusting for covariates, the service/supply (odds ratio 1.33, 95% confidence interval, 1.12-1.59) and electrical/mechanical/craftsworker occupations (odds ratio 1.31, 95% confidence interval, 1.12-1.53) had higher odds of LBP when compared to the administrative/other referent group. Within these groups, the highest LBP prevalence was in the construction (8.6%) and law enforcement (6.2%) subgroups. Although infantry occupations purposefully engage the enemy and often face sustained physical rigors of combat, LBP was most prevalent in noninfantry occupations. Future studies should include detailed exposure histories to elucidate occupation-specific etiologies of LBP in order to guide prevention efforts. C1 [MacGregor, Andrew J.; Dougherty, Amber L.; Mayo, Jonathan A.; Rauh, Mitchell J.; Galarneau, Michael R.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP MacGregor, AJ (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. FU U.S. Navy Bureau of Medicine [60808] FX The authors thank Kevin Heltemes for providing statistical assistance with revisions. Additionally, we thank Science Applications International Corporation for its contributions to this work. This work was supported by the U.S. Navy Bureau of Medicine under the Wounded, III and Injured/Psychological Health/Traumatic Brain Injury Program, Work Unit No. 60808. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 177 IS 7 BP 845 EP 849 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA V33NZ UT WOS:000209026800014 PM 22808893 ER PT J AU Neta, B Scott, M Chun, C AF Neta, Beny Scott, Melvin Chun, Changbum TI Basins of attraction for several methods to find simple roots of nonlinear equations SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Basin of attraction; Simple roots; Nonlinear equations; Halley method; Super Halley method; Modified super Halley method; King's family of methods ID SUPER-HALLEY METHOD; MULTIPOINT ITERATIVE METHODS; DYNAMICS AB There are many methods for solving a nonlinear algebraic equation. The methods are classified by the order, informational efficiency and efficiency index. Here we consider other criteria, namely the basin of attraction of the method and its dependence on the order. We discuss several third and fourth order methods to find simple zeros. The relationship between the basins of attraction and the corresponding conjugacy maps will be discussed in numerical experiments. The effect of the extraneous roots on the basins is also discussed. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Neta, Beny] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Chun, Changbum] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Math, Suwon 440746, South Korea. RP Neta, B (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM bneta@nps.edu; mscott8223@atmc.net; cbchun@skku.edu OI Neta, Beny/0000-0002-7417-7496 FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2011-0025877] FX Professor Chun's research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2011-0025877). NR 18 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 218 IS 21 BP 10548 EP 10556 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2012.04.017 PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 953WB UT WOS:000304903000019 ER PT J AU Storm, DW Patel, AS Horvath, DJ Li, BR Koff, SA Justice, SS AF Storm, Douglas W. Patel, Ashay S. Horvath, Dennis J., Jr. Li, Birong Koff, Stephen A. Justice, Sheryl S. TI Relationship Among Bacterial Virulence, Bladder Dysfunction, Vesicoureteral Reflux and Patterns of Urinary Tract Infection in Children SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE cytokines; pediatrics; urinary tract infections; uropathogenic Escherichia coli ID UROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS; FOLLOW-UP; SCINTIGRAPHY; RESPONSES; WOMEN AB Purpose: We hypothesized that virulence levels of Escherichia coli isolates causing pediatric urinary tract infections differ according to severity of infection and also among various uropathies known to contribute to pediatric urinary tract infections. We evaluated these relationships using in vitro cytokine interleukin-6 elicitation. Materials and Methods: E. coli isolates were cultured from children presenting with urinary tract infections. In vitro cytokine (interleukin-6) elicitation was quantified for each isolate and the bacteria were grouped according to type of infection and underlying uropathy (neurogenic bladder, nonneurogenic bowel and bladder dysfunction, primary vesicoureteral reflux, no underlying etiology). Results: A total of 40 E. coli isolates were collected from children with a mean age of 61.5 months (range 1 to 204). Mean level of in vitro cytokine elicitation from febrile urinary tract infection producing E. coli was significantly lower than for nonfebrile strains (p = 0.01). The interleukin-6 response to E. coli in the neurogenic bladder group was also significantly higher than in the vesicoureteral reflux (p = 0.01) and no underlying etiology groups (p = 0.02). Conclusions: In vitro interleukin-6 elicitation, an established marker to determine bacterial virulence, correlates inversely with clinical urinary tract infection severity. Less virulent, high cytokine producing E. coli were more likely to cause cystitis and were more commonly found in patients with neurogenic bladder and nonneurogenic bowel and bladder dysfunction, whereas higher virulence isolates were more likely to produce febrile urinary tract infections and to affect children with primary vesicoureteral reflux and no underlying etiology. These findings suggest that bacteria of different virulence levels may be responsible for differences in severity of pediatric urinary tract infections and may vary among different underlying uropathies. C1 [Storm, Douglas W.] USN, Dept Urol, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Patel, Ashay S.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Urol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Patel, Ashay S.] Arkansas Childrens Hosp, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. [Koff, Stephen A.] Nationwide Childrens Hosp, Div Urol, Columbus, OH USA. [Horvath, Dennis J., Jr.; Li, Birong; Justice, Sheryl S.] Nationwide Childrens Hosp, Ctr Microbial Pathogenesis, Res Inst, Columbus, OH USA. [Koff, Stephen A.; Justice, Sheryl S.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Storm, DW (reprint author), USN, Dept Urol, Med Ctr, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM douglas.storm@med.navy.mil RI Justice, Sheryl/E-3329-2011 OI Justice, Sheryl/0000-0002-7059-3759 FU Nationwide Children's Hospital FX Supported by an intramural grant through the Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 188 IS 1 BP 236 EP 241 DI 10.1016/j.juro.2012.03.025 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 957GT UT WOS:000305148900088 PM 22595065 ER PT J AU Altner, DS Brooks, JP AF Altner, Douglas S. Brooks, J. Paul TI Coverings and matchings in r-partite hypergraphs SO NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE covering; matching; Ryser's conjecture; r -partite hypergraphs; intersecting hypergraphs ID RYSERS CONJECTURE AB Ryser's conjecture postulates that for r -partite hypergraphs, t = (r - 1)? where t is the covering number of the hypergraph and ? is the matching number. Although this conjecture has been open since the 1960s, researchers have resolved it for special cases such as for intersecting hypergraphs where r = 5. In this article, we prove several results pertaining to matchings and coverings in r -partite intersecting hypergraphs. First, we prove that finding a minimum cardinality vertex cover for an r -partite intersecting hypergraph is NP-hard. Second, we note Ryser's conjecture for intersecting hypergraphs is easily resolved if a given hypergraph does not contain a particular subhypergraph, which we call a tornado. We prove several bounds on the covering number of tornados. Finally, we prove the integrality gap for the standard integer linear programming formulation of the maximum cardinality r -partite hypergraph matching problem is at least r - k where k is the smallest positive integer such that r - k is a prime power. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 2012 C1 [Brooks, J. Paul] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Stat Sci & Operat Res, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Altner, Douglas S.] USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Brooks, JP (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Stat Sci & Operat Res, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM jpbrooks@vcu.edu FU Office of Naval Research; NASA [NNX09AR44A] FX Contract grant sponsor: Office of Naval Research; Contract grant sponsor: NASA; Contract grant number: NNX09AR44A NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-3045 EI 1097-0037 J9 NETWORKS JI Networks PD JUL PY 2012 VL 59 IS 4 BP 400 EP 410 DI 10.1002/net.20459 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA 951IH UT WOS:000304713700006 ER PT J AU Monroe, JA Cruz-Perez, J Yegin, C Karaman, I Geltmacher, AB Everett, RK Kainuma, R AF Monroe, J. A. Cruz-Perez, J. Yegin, C. Karaman, I. Geltmacher, A. B. Everett, R. K. Kainuma, R. TI Magnetic response of porous NiCoMnSn metamagnetic shape memory alloys fabricated using solid-state replication SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Metamagnetic shape memory alloys; Porous materials; Martensitic transformation; Magnetocaloric effect; Solid state replication ID TRANSFORMATION; PHASE AB NiCoMnSn porous metamagnetic shape memory alloys were successfully fabricated using solid-state replication of ammonium bicarbonate powders via sintering at 1273 K. Around 50% porosity of 300-500 mu m interconnected pores was achieved. Oxygen contamination from the space holder and binder, which negatively influences the magneto-thermal coupling, was prevented using a titanium oxygen getter during sintering. The resulting porous samples demonstrate a metamagnetic response similar to the homogenized powder, offering possible utilization in magnetic refrigeration and actuation. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Monroe, J. A.; Cruz-Perez, J.; Karaman, I.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Yegin, C.; Karaman, I.] Texas A&M Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Grad Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Geltmacher, A. B.; Everett, R. K.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kainuma, R.] Tohoku Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. RP Karaman, I (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM ikaraman@tamu.edu RI Kainuma, Ryosuke/I-6482-2013; Karaman, Ibrahim/E-7450-2010; OI Karaman, Ibrahim/0000-0001-6461-4958; Everett, Richard/0000-0002-6725-9442 FU U.S. National Science Foundation's Division of Materials Research Metal & Metallic Nanostructure under the NSF Materials World Network Initiative [0909170]; Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); Global COE FX Support for this research came from the U.S. National Science Foundation's Division of Materials Research Metal & Metallic Nanostructure Program, Grant No. 0909170, under the NSF Materials World Network Initiative. Further support was obtained from Grant-in-Aids and the Japan-U.S. Cooperative Science Program from the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), and by the Global COE Program. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 42 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 67 IS 1 BP 116 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.03.038 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 953FF UT WOS:000304851600030 ER PT J AU Drusinsky, D Shing, MT AF Drusinsky, Doron Shing, Man-Tak TI Validating quality attribute requirements via execution-based model checking SO SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE LA English DT Article DE quality attribute requirements; execution-based model checking; statechart assertions; runtime execution monitoring; automatic white-box testing; validation and verification ID SYSTEMS; VERIFICATION; TOOL AB This paper is concerned with the correct specification and validation of quality attribute requirements (QARs) that crosscut through a diverse set of complex system functions. These requirements act as modifiers of system level functional requirements and thus have substantial influence on the eventual architectural selection. Because system designers traditionally address these requirements one quality attribute at a time, the process frequently results in QARs that contain subtle conflicting behaviors. This paper presents an approach to QAR-induced behavior validation and conflict detection via execution-based model checking early in the software development process. It explores the concept of conflicts between requirements with temporal and sequencing behaviors and presents an automated approach for discovering such conflicts. Published 2012. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Drusinsky, Doron; Shing, Man-Tak] USN, Dept Comp Sci, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Drusinsky, Doron] Time Rover Inc, Cupertino, CA 95014 USA. RP Shing, MT (reprint author), USN, Dept Comp Sci, Postgrad Sch, 1411 Cunningham Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM shing@nps.edu FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The research reported in this article was funded in part by a grant from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0038-0644 EI 1097-024X J9 SOFTWARE PRACT EXPER JI Softw.-Pract. Exp. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 42 IS 7 SI SI BP 853 EP 875 DI 10.1002/spe.1152 PG 23 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 952UX UT WOS:000304819600005 ER PT J AU Villaran, MV Bayer, A Konda, KA Mendoza, C Quijandria, H Ampuero, JS Apolaya, M Palacios, O Lescano, AG Vega, AM Blazes, DL Kochel, T Montano, SM AF Villaran, Manuel V. Bayer, Angela Konda, Kelika A. Mendoza, Carlos Quijandria, Hilda Ampuero, Julia S. Apolaya, Moises Palacios, Oswaldo Lescano, Andres G. Vega, Antonio M. Blazes, David L. Kochel, Tadeusz Montano, Silvia M. TI Condom Use by Partner Type Among Military and Police Personnel in Peru SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH LA English DT Article DE condom use; HIV/AIDS; military; risk factors; sexually transmitted diseases/infections ID RISK BEHAVIORS; HIV; INTERVENTION; PREVALENCE; INFECTION; CAMBODIA AB The aim of this study was to analyze the rates of condom use among military and police populations in Peru, focusing on differences in use by type of partner. A Knowledge Attitudes and Practices survey was conducted among 6,808 military and police personnel in 18 Peruvian cities between August-September 2006 and September-October 2007. A total of 90.2% of the survey respondents were male; mean age was 37.8 years and 77.9% were married/cohabiting. In all, 99.5% reported having had sex; 89% of the participants had their last sexual contact with their stable partner, 9.7% with a nonstable partner, and 0.8% with a sex worker. Overall, 20.4% used a condom during their most recent sexual contact. Reasons for nonuse of condoms included the following: perception that a condom was not necessary (31.3%) and using another birth control method (26.7%). Prevention efforts against sexually transmitted diseases should focus on strengthening condom use, especially among individuals with nonstable partners. C1 [Villaran, Manuel V.; Bayer, Angela; Konda, Kelika A.; Ampuero, Julia S.; Lescano, Andres G.; Blazes, David L.; Kochel, Tadeusz; Montano, Silvia M.] US Naval Med Res Unit Six NAMRU 6, Lima, Peru. [Konda, Kelika A.] Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Mendoza, Carlos; Quijandria, Hilda; Apolaya, Moises; Palacios, Oswaldo; Vega, Antonio M.] Peruvian Armed Forces & Police Comm Prevent HIV A, Lima, Peru. [Lescano, Andres G.] UPCH, Lima, Peru. RP Montano, SM (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit 6, 3230 Lima Pl, Washington, DC 20521 USA. EM silvia.montano@med.navy.mil RI Lescano, Andres/B-8479-2008 OI Lescano, Andres/0000-0001-9779-633X FU FIC NIH HHS [D43 TW007393] NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1557-9883 J9 AM J MENS HEALTH JI Am. J. Mens Health PD JUL PY 2012 VL 6 IS 4 BP 266 EP 272 DI 10.1177/1557988311431628 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 950PY UT WOS:000304662400002 PM 22398988 ER PT J AU Bradford, SF AF Bradford, Scott F. TI Improving the efficiency and accuracy of a nonhydrostatic surf zone model SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Navier-Stokes; Surf zone; Wave propagation; Breaking wave ID WATER-WAVES; TURBULENCE; EQUATIONS; SCHEME; FLOWS AB A previously developed model for simulating breaking surf zone waves is improved to yield more accurate and computationally efficient predictions. The model employs a sigma coordinate transformation in the vertical direction and solves the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations in a fractional step manner with the pressure split into hydrostatic and nonhydrostatic components. The hydrostatic equations are first solved with an approximate Riemann solver and the velocity field is then corrected to be divergence free by including the nonhydrostatic pressure. The previous model required a cumbersome modification to accurately predict surf zone wave heights. In this paper, a simpler alteration is presented that is shown to also yield accurate surf zone wave height predictions. In addition, other opportunities for improving model accuracy, robustness, and computational efficiency are also investigated including the discretization of advection terms and the selective neglect of potentially insignificant lateral viscous terms in the governing equations. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USN, Image Sci & Applicat Branch, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bradford, SF (reprint author), USN, Image Sci & Applicat Branch, Res Lab, Code 7261, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM scott.bradford@nrl.navy.mil NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 EI 1872-7379 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 65 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2012.02.004 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 950EZ UT WOS:000304633700001 ER PT J AU Jordan, PM Norton, GV Chin-Bing, SA Warn-Varnas, A AF Jordan, P. M. Norton, G. V. Chin-Bing, S. A. Warn-Varnas, A. TI On the propagation of nonlinear acoustic waves in viscous and thermoviscous fluids SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS B-FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE Nonlinear acoustics; Newtonian fluids; Travelling wave solutions; Darboux's equation ID HEAT-CONDUCTION; EQUATION; MODEL AB Acoustic travelling waves are studied in the context of nonlinear propagation in Newtonian fluids. First, we examine the one-dimensional (1D) versions of four weakly-nonlinear acoustic models, all of which admit known travelling wave solutions (TWS)s in the form of Taylor shocks. Next, we derive the exact, but implicit, kink-type TWS of the compressible 1D Navier-Stokes equations under the homentropic assumption. Then, using three simple metrics, we numerically compare the TWSs of the former with that of the latter. It is shown that, while results for gases are mixed, in the case of liquids, the simple Burgers' equation yields the TWS that best approximates the profile of the Navier-Stokes equations. Lastly, an energy analysis of the weakly-nonlinear models is carried out, connections between the models are noted, and new critical values of the physical parameters are presented. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Jordan, P. M.; Norton, G. V.; Chin-Bing, S. A.; Warn-Varnas, A.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Jordan, PM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7180, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM pjordan@nrlssc.navy.mil FU ONR FX This research was supported by ONR funding. All numerical work presented in this article was carried out using the software package MATHEMATICA (ver. 5.2). NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 16 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS/EDITIONS ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75015 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0997-7546 J9 EUR J MECH B-FLUID JI Eur. J. Mech. B-Fluids PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 34 BP 56 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.euromechflu.2012.01.016 PG 8 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 948HU UT WOS:000304495000007 ER PT J AU Feng, J AF Feng, Johnny TI A Domain of Unital Channels SO FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Quantum Physics and Logic (QPL) CY MAY 29-30, 2010 CL Oxford Univ, Oxford, ENGLAND HO Oxford Univ DE Quantum channels; Unital; Domains; Domain theory; Capacity; Bayesian order; Spectral order ID ENTROPY; STATES AB In this paper we prove the space of unital qubit channels is a Scott domain. In the process we provide a simple protocol to achieve Holevo capacity for these channels. C1 [Feng, Johnny] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Feng, Johnny] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. RP Feng, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM johnny.feng@nrl.navy.mil NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0015-9018 J9 FOUND PHYS JI Found. Phys. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 42 IS 7 BP 959 EP 975 DI 10.1007/s10701-012-9656-6 PG 17 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 949GB UT WOS:000304563600010 ER PT J AU Crowder, T Martin, K AF Crowder, Tanner Martin, Keye TI Information Theoretic Representations of Qubit Channels SO FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Quantum Physics and Logic (QPL) CY MAY 29-30, 2010 CL Oxford Univ, Oxford, ENGLAND HO Oxford Univ DE Information theory; Qubit channel; Stochastic matrix AB A set of qubit channels has a classical representation when it is isomorphic to the convex closure of a group of classical channels. From Crowder and Martin (Proceedings of Quantum Physics and Logic, Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, 2009), we know that up to isomorphism there are five such sets, each corresponding to either a subgroup of the alternating group on four letters, or a subgroup of the symmetric group on three letters. In this paper, we show that the classical representation of a qubit channel also carries its information theoretic data-in particular, both the Holevo capacity and the scope of a unital qubit channel can be completely calculated from a systematically determined classical channel. C1 [Crowder, Tanner; Martin, Keye] USN, Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst Code 5540, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Martin, K (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst Code 5540, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM tanner.crowder@nrl.navy.mil; keye.martin@nrl.navy.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0015-9018 J9 FOUND PHYS JI Found. Phys. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 42 IS 7 BP 976 EP 983 DI 10.1007/s10701-012-9657-5 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 949GB UT WOS:000304563600011 ER PT J AU Winkel, ES Cutbirth, JM Ceccio, SL Perlin, M Dowling, DR AF Winkel, Eric S. Cutbirth, James M. Ceccio, Steven L. Perlin, Marc Dowling, David R. TI Turbulence profiles from a smooth flat-plate turbulent boundary layer at high Reynolds number SO EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Turbulence; Boundary layer; High Reynolds number; Measurements ID FRICTION DRAG REDUCTION; NEAR-WALL TURBULENCE; POLYMER-SOLUTIONS AB Much is known about smooth-flat-plate turbulent boundary layers (TBLs) at laboratory-scale Reynolds numbers because of a wealth of experimental data. However, smooth-flat-plate TBL data are much less common at the high Reynolds numbers typical of aerodynamic and hydrodynamic applications (Re-x similar to 10(8)-10(10)), and at the even higher Reynolds numbers of many geophysical flows. This paper presents new LDV-measured profiles of the stream-wise velocity variance, the wall-normal velocity variance, and the Reynolds shear stress from the TBL that formed on a smooth flat plate at Karman numbers from 15,000 to 60,000 (Rex from 75 million to 220 million). The experiments were conducted in the William B. Morgan Large Cavitation Channel on a polished (k(+) < 0.2) flat-plate test model 12.9 m long and 3.05 m wide at water flow speeds up to 20 m s(-1). The TBL on the model developed in a mild favorable pressure gradient having an acceleration parameter K similar to 10(-10). When plotted with the usual inner and outer scalings, the stream-wise velocity variance profiles display a Reynolds number dependence that is consistent with prior lower Reynolds-number zero-pressure-gradient TBL measurements. However, using the same normalizations, the profiles of wall-normal velocity variance and Reynolds shear stress are found to be Reynolds number independent, or nearly so, when experimental uncertainties are considered. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Winkel, Eric S.; Ceccio, Steven L.; Dowling, David R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48019 USA. [Cutbirth, James M.] WB Morgan Large Cavitat Channel, Naval Surface Warfare Ctr Carderock Div, Memphis, TN 38113 USA. [Perlin, Marc] Univ Michigan, Dept Naval Architecture & Marine Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48019 USA. RP Dowling, DR (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48019 USA. EM drd@umich.edu FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to thank the technical staff of the US Navy's William B. Morgan Large Cavitation Channel, especially Mr. Robert Etter. In addition, Mr. Kent Pruss, Mr. William Kirkpatrick and co-workers of the UM machine shops contributed substantially to the construction of the test model and instrumentation. This research was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (Dr. Lisa Porter, Program Manager) and the Office of Naval Research (Dr. L. Patrick Purtell, Program Manager). The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the position or the policy of the United States Government, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0894-1777 J9 EXP THERM FLUID SCI JI Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 40 BP 140 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2012.02.009 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Physics GA 948OY UT WOS:000304513700016 ER PT J AU Freitas, JA Sitar, Z Kumagai, Y Meissener, E AF Freitas, Jaime A., Jr. Sitar, Zlatko Kumagai, Yoshinao Meissener, Elke TI The 7th International Workshop on Bulk Nitride Semiconductors Koyasan, Wakayama, Japan 15-20 March 2011 Preface SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Freitas, Jaime A., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sitar, Zlatko] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kumagai, Yoshinao] Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Koganei, Tokyo 1848588, Japan. [Meissener, Elke] Fraunhofer IISB, Dept Crystal Growth, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. RP Freitas, JA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Jaime.freitas@hotmail.com; sitar@ncsu.edu; 4470kuma@cc.tuat.ac.jp; Elke.Meissner@iisb.fraunhofer.de RI Kumagai, Yoshinao/C-1702-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 350 IS 1 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.12.011 PG 1 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 947UQ UT WOS:000304457800001 ER PT J AU David, DGF Guerreiro, J da Silva, MVS Meira, MVC Bargiela, P de Almeida, JS Freitas, JA da Silva, AF AF David, D. G. F. Guerreiro, J. da Silva, M. V. S. Castro Meira, M. V. Bargiela, P. de Almeida, J. S. Freitas, J. A., Jr. Ferreira da Silva, A. TI Properties of nitrogen-doped titanium oxides SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Bulk Nitride Semiconductors (IWBNS) CY MAR 15-20, 2011 CL JAPAN DE A1. Characterization; A1. Doping; A3. Polycrystalline deposition; B1. Oxides; B1. Titanium compounds AB The structural, optical, and electronic properties of nitrogen doped TiO2 have been investigated experimentally and theoretically. The electronic and optical properties are investigated by using the first principles calculations in the framework of density functional theory and based on the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method. The local density approximation plus on site Coulomb interaction was used for the exchange and correlation potential. The absorption and dielectric functions experimental data of as-grown sample show very good agreement with the theory. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [David, D. G. F.; Guerreiro, J.; da Silva, M. V. S.; Castro Meira, M. V.; Bargiela, P.; de Almeida, J. S.; Ferreira da Silva, A.] Univ Fed Bahia, Inst Fis, BR-40210340 Salvador, BA, Brazil. [Castro Meira, M. V.] CETEC Univ Fed Reconcavo Bahia, BR-44380000 Cruz Das Almas, BA, Brazil. [Freitas, J. A., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, ESTD, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP David, DGF (reprint author), Univ Fed Bahia, Inst Fis, Campus Ondina, BR-40210340 Salvador, BA, Brazil. EM denis.david@uol.com.br RI de Almeida, Jailton Souza/A-8116-2008 OI de Almeida, Jailton Souza/0000-0002-4942-9460 NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 350 IS 1 BP 11 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.12.014 PG 6 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 947UQ UT WOS:000304457800004 ER PT J AU Feigelson, BN Anderson, TJ Abraham, M Freitas, JA Hite, JK Eddy, CR Kub, FJ AF Feigelson, B. N. Anderson, T. J. Abraham, M. Freitas, J. A. Hite, J. K. Eddy, C. R. Kub, F. J. TI Multicycle rapid thermal annealing technique and its application for the electrical activation of Mg implanted in GaN SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Bulk Nitride Semiconductors (IWBNS) CY MAR 15-20, 2011 CL JAPAN DE A3. Chemical vapor deposition processes; B1. Nitrides; B1. GaN ID LUMINESCENCE; LAYERS; RAMAN AB No reliable results were reported up-to-date on electrical activation of Mg implanted GaN without co-doping with other ions. The main reason of the poor ion-implanted activation in GaN is lack of the adequate GaN annealing technique. We have developed a new approach, Multicycle Rapid Thermal Annealing to overcome this limitation and enable longer annealing times at high temperature. We have applied this new technique to Mg-implanted GaN, and demonstrated p-type conductivity. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Feigelson, B. N.; Anderson, T. J.; Freitas, J. A.; Hite, J. K.; Eddy, C. R.; Kub, F. J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abraham, M.] Global Strategies Grp, Crafton, MD 21114 USA. RP Feigelson, BN (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM borisf@estd.nrl.navy.mil RI Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 350 IS 1 BP 21 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.12.016 PG 6 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 947UQ UT WOS:000304457800006 ER PT J AU Freitas, JA Mastro, MA Glaser, ER Garces, NY Lee, SK Chung, JH Oh, DK Shim, KB AF Freitas, J. A., Jr. Mastro, M. A. Glaser, E. R. Garces, N. Y. Lee, S. K. Chung, J. H. Oh, D. K. Shim, K. B. TI Structural and optical studies of thick freestanding GaN films deposited by Hydride vapor phase epitaxy SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Bulk Nitride Semiconductors (IWBNS) CY MAR 15-20, 2011 CL JAPAN DE A1. Emission; A1. Impurity; A2. Freestanding; A3. Grown from vapor; B1. Nitrides; B2. Semiconductors ID GALLIUM NITRIDE; BULK GAN; IMPURITIES; RESONANCE; ALN AB Thick freestanding films or bulk GaN substrates with very low background impurity levels (<= 1 x 10(15)/cm(3)) and high crystalline quality are required for a number of electronic device applications. Low pressure chemical vapor and molecular beam epitaxy techniques can systematically deposit films with low residual impurity concentrations. However, their typical slow growth rate prevents their utilization for substrate growth. The hydride vapor phase epitaxy deposition technique can achieve hundreds of microns per hour growth rate, but these films have typically high free carrier concentration (>= 3 x 10(17)/cm(3)). It is crucial to verify if this method can reproducibly deliver thick freestanding GaN films of high crystalline quality with exceptionally low free carrier concentration. Low temperature photoluminescence and room temperature Raman scattering experiments carried out on a number of samples indicate that they have high crystalline quality and uncommonly low donor background levels. Reduced concentration of uncompensated shallow donors verified by low temperature electron paramagnetic resonance was confirmed by detailed high sensitive SIMS analyses. In addition, it was verified by X-ray diffraction analysis that relatively low dislocation densities can be achieved. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Freitas, J. A., Jr.; Mastro, M. A.; Glaser, E. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Garces, N. Y.] Global Strategies Grp, N Amer Crofton, MD 21114 USA. [Lee, S. K.; Chung, J. H.] Unimo Photron, Seoul 137791, South Korea. [Oh, D. K.; Shim, K. B.] Hanyang Univ, Seoul 133791, South Korea. RP Freitas, JA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jaime.freitas@nrl.navy.mil NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 350 IS 1 BP 27 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.12.017 PG 6 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 947UQ UT WOS:000304457800007 ER PT J AU Freitas, JA Culbertson, JC Mastro, MA Kumagai, Y Koukitu, A AF Freitas, J. A., Jr. Culbertson, J. C. Mastro, M. A. Kumagai, Y. Koukitu, A. TI Structural and optical properties of thick freestanding AlN films prepared by hydride vapor phase epitaxy SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Bulk Nitride Semiconductors (IWBNS) CY MAR 15-20, 2011 CL JAPAN DE A1. Luminescence; A1. Raman; A1. Impurity; A2. Freestanding; A3. Grown from vapor; B1. Nitrides ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; GROWTH; PHONONS; BULK; GAN; FABRICATION; SEPARATION; HVPE AB The morphology, structural and optical properties of void-assisted freestanding HVPE-AlN films were investigated by a combination of non-destructive microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The freestanding approximately 80 mu m thick clear film has a wurtzite crystalline structure with remarkable properties around the central film region. The E-2(high)-phonon frequency coincides with reported stress-free film phonon frequency. The low temperature luminescence study of the growth and interface sides of the film is consistent with the incorporation of a high concentration of oxygen impurities. These results are promising as the growth method amenable to the production of freestanding stress-free large area substrates for epitaxial growth. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Freitas, J. A., Jr.; Culbertson, J. C.; Mastro, M. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kumagai, Y.; Koukitu, A.] Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Dept Appl Chem, Koganei, Tokyo 1848588, Japan. RP Freitas, JA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jaime.freitas@nrl.navy.mil RI Kumagai, Yoshinao/C-1702-2013; KOUKITU, Akinori/H-5347-2013 NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 350 IS 1 BP 33 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.12.018 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 947UQ UT WOS:000304457800008 ER PT J AU Baylouny, AM AF Baylouny, Anne Marie TI Grassroots Social Security in Asia SO JOURNAL OF SOCIAL POLICY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Baylouny, Anne Marie] Naval Postgrad Sch Monterey, Monterey, CA USA. RP Baylouny, AM (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch Monterey, Monterey, CA USA. EM ambaylou@nps.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0047-2794 J9 J SOC POLICY JI J. Soc. Policy PD JUL PY 2012 VL 41 BP 644 EP 645 DI 10.1017/S0047279412000153 PN 3 PG 3 WC Public Administration; Social Issues; Social Work SC Public Administration; Social Issues; Social Work GA 947TK UT WOS:000304453500015 ER PT J AU Meylemans, HA Quintana, RL Harvey, BG AF Meylemans, Heather A. Quintana, Roxanne L. Harvey, Benjamin G. TI Efficient conversion of pure and mixed terpene feedstocks to high density fuels SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE Renewable fuels; High-density fuels; Terpenes; Catalysis; Dimerization ID SILICA NANOCOMPOSITE CATALYSTS; SOLID ACID CATALYSTS; ALPHA-PINENE; NAFION-H; INFRARED MICROSCOPY; VEGETABLE-OILS; ISOMERIZATION; DIMERIZATION; COMPOSITE; CLAY AB A series of high density renewable fuels has been synthesized through selective dimerization of alpha-pinene, camphene, limonene, and crude turpentine using the heterogeneous catalysts Nafion, Nafion SAC-13, and Montmorillonite K-10. Terpene dimers are produced in up to 90% yield depending on the feedstock. The preferred catalyst, Nafion SAC-13, could be recovered by simple filtration and reused up to eight times without any significant decrease in activity. The fuels produced by this process have net heats of combustion ranging from 137,000 to 142,000 btu/gal which are comparable to the tactical missile fuel JP-10. Fuels derived from both alpha-pinene and camphene have similar viscosities, densities, and net heats of combustion due to isomerization of alpha-pinene to camphene prior to dimerization. In contrast, limonene dimers exhibit a much lower density and viscosity due to their ring opened structures. DSC analysis of the dimer fuels revealed freezing points of -54, -52, and -78 degrees C for dimers derived from camphene, alpha-pinene, and limonene, respectively. Empirical results and a terpene adsorption study suggest that the dimerization reaction proceeds through initial coordination of alpha-pinene to catalytic sites followed by cross-coupling with camphene. The ultra-performance renewable fuels described in this work have potential applications as significant components of jet, diesel, and tactical fuels. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Meylemans, Heather A.; Quintana, Roxanne L.; Harvey, Benjamin G.] USN, Naval Air Syst Command NAVAIR, Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div NAWCWD,Res Dept,Chem Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Harvey, BG (reprint author), USN, Naval Air Syst Command NAVAIR, Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div NAWCWD,Res Dept,Chem Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM benjamin.g.harvey@navy.mil RI Meylemans, Heather/G-4511-2012 OI Meylemans, Heather/0000-0001-9141-1478 FU Office of Naval Research [N0001411WX20949] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Lawrence Baldwin for DSC analysis, the Southwest Research Institute for collecting viscosity, NHOC, and other analytical data, and the Office of Naval Research (Award No. N0001411WX20949) for funding this work. NR 55 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 4 U2 58 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-2361 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD JUL PY 2012 VL 97 BP 560 EP 568 DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.01.062 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 941RB UT WOS:000303979400062 ER PT J AU Sharma, S Shi, Y Liu, J Hou, YT Kompella, S Midkiff, SF AF Sharma, Sushant Shi, Yi Liu, Jia Hou, Y. Thomas Kompella, Sastry Midkiff, Scott F. TI Network Coding in Cooperative Communications: Friend or Foe? SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Cooperative communications; network coding; network coding noise ID WIRELESS NETWORKS; CODED COOPERATION; PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS; RELAY NETWORKS; DIVERSITY; STRATEGIES; ALLOCATION AB A major benefit of employing network coding (NC) in cooperative communications (CCs) is its ability to reduce time-slot overhead. Such approach is called network-coded CC (or NC-CC). Most of the existing works have mainly focused on exploiting this benefit without considering its potential adverse effect. In this paper, we show that NC may not always benefit CC. We substantiate this important finding with two important scenarios: employing analog network coding (ANC) in amplify-and-forward (AF) CC, and digital network coding (DNC) in decode-and-forward (DF) CC. For both scenarios, we introduce the important concept of network coding noise (NC noise). We analyze the origin of this noise via a careful study of signal aggregation at a relay node and signal extraction at a destination node. We derive a closed-form expression for NC noise at each destination node and show that the existence of NC noise could diminish the advantage of NC in CC. Our results shed new light on how to use NC in CC most effectively. C1 [Sharma, Sushant] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Computat Sci Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Shi, Yi; Hou, Y. Thomas; Midkiff, Scott F.] Virginia Tech, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Liu, Jia] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kompella, Sastry] USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sharma, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Computat Sci Ctr, Room 255,Bldg 463B, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM sushant@bnl.gov; yshi@vt.edu; liu@ece.osu.edu; thou@vt.edu; sastry.kompella@nrl.navy.mil; midkiff@vt.edu OI Midkiff, Scott/0000-0003-4933-7360 FU US National Science Foundation [CNS-1064953]; ONR FX The work of Y.T. Hou, S.F. Midkiff, S. Sharma, and Y. Shi was supported in part by the US National Science Foundation under Grant CNS-1064953. The work of S. Kompella was supported in part by the ONR. This work was completed while S. Sharma and J. Liu were with Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia. NR 27 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1536-1233 J9 IEEE T MOBILE COMPUT JI IEEE. Trans. Mob. Comput. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 11 IS 7 BP 1073 EP 1085 DI 10.1109/TMC.2011.130 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA 943TU UT WOS:000304148900001 ER PT J AU Lennon, EA Burke, AA Besser, RS AF Lennon, E. A. Burke, A. A. Besser, R. S. TI Operating modes and power considerations of microhollow cathode discharge devices with elongated trenches SO CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Microplasma; Nonthermal plasma; Microhollow cathode discharge; Self-pulsing; Hydrocarbon reforming; Fuel cell ID SELF-ORGANIZATION; PLASMA REACTOR; GLOW-DISCHARGE; PRESSURE; ARGON; MICROPLASMAS; SIMULATION; MICRODISCHARGES; TECHNOLOGY; ELECTRON AB Microhollow cathode discharge (MHCD) devices generate microplasmas with high electron densities and reactive species, making them a prospective hydrocarbon reforming technology. Here we report on the electrical phenomena resulting from MHCD devices with elongated trenches using argon at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. Devices that were 100 mu m wide, 100 mm deep, and 1 cm long exhibited self-pulsing current during constant voltage DC power application ranging from 0 mA to 32 mA. The capacitances for MHCDs with trenches 25, 100, and 250 mu m wide were estimated to be 68, 70, and 33 mu F respectively. A current-limited DC supply prevented self-pulsing, and resulted in abnormal, normal, or negative differential resistance (NDR), i.e. hollow cathode, operating modes. The NDR state manifested at lower current limits and occurred when the microplasma in the trench was discontinuous. Simulations from a corresponding, empirically determined circuit model showed larger total average power consumption (including the ballast resistance) during pulsed inputs (5.61-31.08 W) in comparison to constant voltage inputs (<1 W). These findings advance the development of these MHCDs for microplasma reforming applications, providing insights into operational modes and power consumption estimates critical to understanding the overall efficiency in the context of a future microplasma reforming system. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lennon, E. A.; Besser, R. S.] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Burke, A. A.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Lennon, EA (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. EM elennon@stevens.edu; adrian.burke@navy.mil; rbesser@stevens.edu FU University Laboratory Initiative Program [000140-81-04-0-3]; National Science Foundation [ECS-0335765]; US Army Research Office [W911NF-07-1-0118] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the University Laboratory Initiative Program administered by the US Office of Naval Research as the primary sponsor of this research effort (Grant 000140-81-04-0-3). We thank the Cornell NanoScale Facility, a member of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network, which is supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant ECS-0335765). We acknowledge the US Army Research Office (Grant W911NF-07-1-0118) for contributing resources for the fabrication of the MHCD devices. We extend our gratitude to George Wohlrab and Bruce Fraser for their insights into and fabrication of the chip holder used in this study. We also thank Dr. K. Becker and Dr. J. Lopez for helpful recommendations during preparation of this manuscript. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1739 J9 CURR APPL PHYS JI Curr. Appl. Phys. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1064 EP 1073 DI 10.1016/j.cap.2012.01.008 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 930IB UT WOS:000303129800011 ER PT J AU Brown, CW AF Brown, Christopher W. TI Fast simplifications for Tarski formulas based on monomial inequalities SO JOURNAL OF SYMBOLIC COMPUTATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th International Symposium on Symbolic and Algebraic Computation (ISSAC) CY JUL 28-31, 2009 CL Korea Inst Adv Study (KIAS), Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP ACM SIGSAM HO Korea Inst Adv Study (KIAS) DE Tarski formulas; Formula simplification; Complexity; Quantifier elimination ID QUANTIFIER ELIMINATION; FIELDS AB We define the "combinatorial part" of a Tarski formula in which equalities and inequalities are in factored or partially-factored form. The combinatorial part of a formula contains only "monomial inequalities", which are sign conditions on monomials. We give efficient algorithms for answering some basic questions about conjunctions of monomial inequalities and prove the NP-Completeness/Hardness of some others. By simplifying the combinatorial part of a Tarski formula, and mapping the simplified combinatorial part back to a Tarski formula, we obtain non-trivial simplifications without algebraic operations. Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 USN Acad, Dept Comp Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Brown, CW (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Comp Sci, Stop 9F,572M Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM wcbrown@usna.edu NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0747-7171 J9 J SYMB COMPUT JI J. Symb. Comput. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 47 IS 7 SI SI BP 859 EP 882 DI 10.1016/j.jsc.2011.12.012 PG 24 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 930YH UT WOS:000303180300007 ER PT J AU Luca, F Stanica, P AF Luca, Florian Stanica, Pantelimon TI On the Euler function of the Catalan numbers SO JOURNAL OF NUMBER THEORY LA English DT Article DE Catalan numbers; Factorials; Euler functions AB We study the solutions of the equation phi(C-m)/phi(C-n) = r, where r is a fixed rational number. C-k is the kth Catalan number and phi is the Euler function. We note that the number r = 4 is special for this problem and for it we construct solutions (m, n) to the above equation which are related to primes p such that 2p - 1 or 4p - 3 is also prime. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Stanica, Pantelimon] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Luca, Florian] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. RP Stanica, P (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM fluca@matmor.unam.mx; pstanica@nps.edu FU project SEP-CONACyT [79685] FX We thank the referee and the editor for helpful remarks. P.S. worked on this project while he visited the Mathematical Center of the UNAM in Morelia, Mexico in September, 2011. He thanks the members of that institution for their hospitality. F.L. was supported in part by project SEP-CONACyT 79685. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-314X J9 J NUMBER THEORY JI J. Number Theory PD JUL PY 2012 VL 132 IS 7 BP 1404 EP 1424 DI 10.1016/j.jnt.2012.02.002 PG 21 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 925JG UT WOS:000302756900003 ER PT J AU Dickey, T Banner, ML Bhandari, P Boyd, T Carvalho, L Chang, G Chao, Y Czerski, H Darecki, M Dong, C Farmer, D Freeman, S Gemmrich, J Gernez, P Hall-Patch, N Holt, B Jiang, S Jones, C Kattawar, G LeBel, D Lenain, L Lewis, M Liu, Y Logan, L Manov, D Melville, WK Moline, MA Morison, R Nencioli, F Pegau, WS Reineman, B Robbins, I Rottgers, R Schultz, H Shen, L Shinki, M Slivkoff, M Sokolski, M Spada, F Statom, N Stramski, D Sutherland, P Twardowski, M Vagle, S Van Dommelen, R Voss, K Washburn, L Wei, J Wijesekera, H Wurl, O Yang, D Yildiz, S You, Y Yue, DKP Zaneveld, R Zappa, CJ AF Dickey, T. Banner, M. L. Bhandari, P. Boyd, T. Carvalho, L. Chang, G. Chao, Y. Czerski, H. Darecki, M. Dong, C. Farmer, D. Freeman, S. Gemmrich, J. Gernez, P. Hall-Patch, N. Holt, B. Jiang, S. Jones, C. Kattawar, G. LeBel, D. Lenain, L. Lewis, M. Liu, Y. Logan, L. Manov, D. Melville, W. K. Moline, M. A. Morison, R. Nencioli, F. Pegau, W. S. Reineman, B. Robbins, I. Roettgers, R. Schultz, H. Shen, L. Shinki, M. Slivkoff, M. Sokolski, M. Spada, F. Statom, N. Stramski, D. Sutherland, P. Twardowski, M. Vagle, S. Van Dommelen, R. Voss, K. Washburn, L. Wei, J. Wijesekera, H. Wurl, O. Yang, D. Yildiz, S. You, Y. Yue, D. K. P. Zaneveld, R. Zappa, C. J. TI Introduction to special section on Recent Advances in the Study of Optical Variability in the Near-Surface and Upper Ocean SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SANTA-BARBARA CHANNEL; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT; FREQUENCY LIGHT FLUCTUATIONS; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER EQUATION; IMPULSE-RESPONSE SOLUTION; BREAKING WIND-WAVES; MONTE-CARLO METHOD; SEA GAS TRANSFER; ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN; COASTAL WATERS AB Optical variability occurs in the near-surface and upper ocean on very short time and space scales (e.g., milliseconds and millimeters and less) as well as greater scales. This variability is caused by solar, meteorological, and other physical forcing as well as biological and chemical processes that affect optical properties and their distributions, which in turn control the propagation of light across the air-sea interface and within the upper ocean. Recent developments in several technologies and modeling capabilities have enabled the investigation of a variety of fundamental and applied problems related to upper ocean physics, chemistry, and light propagation and utilization in the dynamic near-surface ocean. The purpose here is to provide background for and an introduction to a collection of papers devoted to new technologies and observational results as well as model simulations, which are facilitating new insights into optical variability and light propagation in the ocean as they are affected by changing atmospheric and oceanic conditions. C1 [Dickey, T.; Jiang, S.; Manov, D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Ocean Phys Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Banner, M. L.] ISDGM, Venice, Italy. [Banner, M. L.; Morison, R.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Math & Stat, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Bhandari, P.; Voss, K.] Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Boyd, T.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Chang, G.; Spada, F.] Sea Engn, Santa Cruz, CA USA. [Chao, Y.] Remote Sensing Solut Inc, Pasadena, CA USA. [Czerski, H.] Univ Southampton, Inst Sound & Vibrat Res, Southampton, Hants, England. [Darecki, M.; Sokolski, M.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Sopot, Poland. [Dong, C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, IGPP, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Farmer, D.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Freeman, S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Space Ctr, Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Gemmrich, J.] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Gernez, P.] Univ Nantes, Fac Sci & Tech, Nantes, France. [Hall-Patch, N.; Vagle, S.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Inst Ocean Sci, Sidney, BC, Canada. [Holt, B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Jones, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Kattawar, G.; You, Y.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX USA. [LeBel, D.; Zappa, C. J.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA. [Stramski, D.; Yildiz, S.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Marine Phys Lab, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Lewis, M.; Wei, J.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Liu, Y.] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Ctr Ocean Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Logan, L.] Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Miami, FL USA. [Moline, M. A.; Robbins, I.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Biol Sci, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. [Nencioli, F.] Univ Aix Marseille, Mediterranean Inst Oceanog, Marseille, France. [Pegau, W. S.] Oil Spill Recovery Inst, Cordova, AR USA. [Roettgers, R.] Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Ctr Mat & Coastal Res, Geesthacht, Germany. [Schultz, H.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Comp Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Shen, L.; Yang, D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Shinki, M.] CRI Middleware, Tokyo, Japan. [Slivkoff, M.] In Situ Marine Opt PL, Bibra Lake, WA, Australia. [Twardowski, M.] WET Labs Inc, Narragansett, RI USA. [Van Dommelen, R.] Satlantic LP, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Washburn, L.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Wijesekera, H.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Wurl, O.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Ocean Earth & Atmospher Sci, Norfolk, VA USA. [Zaneveld, R.] WET Labs Inc, Philomath, OR USA. RP Dickey, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Ocean Phys Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM tommy.dickey@opl.ucsb.edu RI Voss, Kenneth /A-5328-2013; Yang, Di/A-6858-2012; Gernez, Pierre/G-8922-2011; Shen, Lian/D-5718-2014; Darecki, Miroslaw/B-2109-2015; OI Voss, Kenneth /0000-0002-7860-5080; Banner, Michael/0000-0002-0799-5341; Yang, Di/0000-0002-4702-6393; Wurl, Oliver/0000-0002-0905-4721 FU ONR RaDyO [N00014-07-1-0732, N000140811178]; ONR [N00014-06-1-0072, N00014-06-1-0048, N00014-06-1-0071, N00014-11-1-0038] FX We would like to thank the captains and crews of the R/V Kilo Moana and the R/P FLIP for their support of our RaDyO field operations in the Santa Barbara Channel and south of Hawaii. Marine technicians Elly Speicher and Dan Fitzgerald provided invaluable support for the R/V Kilo Moana operations. Eric Firing and Julia Hummon are thanked for their expert support of the R/V Kilo Moana ADCP systems for both field experiments. T. Dickey wishes to thank Steve Ackleson and Joan Cleveland for supporting the Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean (RaDyO) program. T. Dickey also acknowledges support from ONR RaDyO contract N00014-07-1-0732 and grant N000140811178 for his ONR Secretary of the Navy/Chief of Naval Operations Chair in Oceanographic Sciences for Francesco Nencioli, Songnian Jiang, Derek Manov, Jennifer Sirak, and himself. Helen Czerski and David Farmer were supported by ONR grant N00014-06-1-0072. Ken Melville and collaborators were supported by ONR grant N00014-06-1-0048. Dariusz Stramski and collaborators were supported by ONR grants N00014-06-1-0071 and N00014-11-1-0038. The research of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory coauthors was carried out, in part, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 141 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 29 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUN 30 PY 2012 VL 117 AR C00H20 DI 10.1029/2012JC007964 PG 39 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 968SN UT WOS:000306005100005 ER PT J AU Sutto, TE Duncan, TT AF Sutto, Thomas E. Duncan, Teresa T. TI The behavior of Li and Mg ions in a polymerized ionic liquid SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Ionic liquid; Polymer; Lithium; Magnesium ID GEL ELECTROLYTES AB A polymerized ionic liquid was prepared using 1,3-dibromopropane reacted with 2-methylimidazole, via a two-step synthetic process. Molecular weight analysis via gel permeation chromatography indicated a M-n of 32,600 g/mol. An anion exchange is performed to replace the bromide anion of poly(1-propyl-2-methylimidazolium bromide) with bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI). Chemical analysis results closely matched expected results. This polymer was then dissolved in acetonitrile with LiTFSI or Mg(ClO4)(2) at a ratio of 1 metal cation (Li or Mg) to 3 imidazolium cations. Ionic conductivity measurements indicate ionic conductivity at room temperature of 0.4mS/cm for the Li/polymer mixture and 0.15 mS/cm for the Mg/polymer mixture. Electrochemical measurements indicate that this polymer does allow for the reversible intercalation of the Li+ and Mg2+ cations into graphite. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sutto, Thomas E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Duncan, Teresa T.] NOVA Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Sutto, TE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6364,Bldg 3,Rm 225,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM thomas.sutto@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 41 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD JUN 30 PY 2012 VL 72 BP 23 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.03.120 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 958SM UT WOS:000305261000003 ER PT J AU Varney, RH Swartz, WE Hysell, DL Huba, JD AF Varney, R. H. Swartz, W. E. Hysell, D. L. Huba, J. D. TI SAMI2-PE: A model of the ionosphere including multistream interhemispheric photoelectron transport SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INCOHERENT-SCATTER SPECTRUM; PLASMASPHERE ELECTRON-TEMPERATURE; F-REGION; SUPERTHERMAL ELECTRONS; ANALYTIC APPROACH; COUPLED THERMOSPHERE; ISOTROPIC SCATTERING; ENERGY DEGRADATION; TOPSIDE IONOSPHERE; COULOMB COLLISIONS AB In order to improve model comparisons with recently improved incoherent scatter radar measurements at the Jicamarca Radio Observatory we have added photoelectron transport and energy redistribution to the two dimensional SAMI2 ionospheric model. The photoelectron model uses multiple pitch angle bins, includes effects associated with curved magnetic field lines, and uses an energy degradation procedure which conserves energy on coarse, non-uniformly spaced energy grids. The photoelectron model generates secondary electron production rates and thermal electron heating rates which are then passed to the fluid equations in SAMI2. We then compare electron and ion temperatures and electron densities of this modified SAMI2 model with measurements of these parameters over a range of altitudes from 90 km to 1650 km (L = 1.26) over a 24 hour period. The new electron heating model is a significant improvement over the semi-empirical model used in SAMI2. The electron temperatures above the F-peak from the modified model qualitatively reproduce the shape of the measurements as functions of time and altitude and quantitatively agree with the measurements to within similar to 30% or better during the entire day, including during the rapid temperature increase at dawn. C1 [Varney, R. H.; Swartz, W. E.] Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Hysell, D. L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY USA. [Huba, J. D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Varney, RH (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, 303 Rhodes Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM rhv5@cornell.edu OI Varney, Roger/0000-0002-5976-2638 FU National Science Foundation [DGE-0707428]; NSF through Cornell University [AGS-0905448]; ONR FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant DGE-0707428(RHV). The Jicamarca Radio Observatory is a facility of the Instituto Geofisico del Peru operated with support from NSF cooperative agreement AGS-0905448 through Cornell University. This research has been funded, in part, by ONR (JDH). We thank S. C. Solomon for providing computer readable tables of photoabsorption and photoionization cross sections. One of the authors (RHV) also acknowledges helpful discussions with C. E. Seyler. NR 107 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 29 PY 2012 VL 117 AR A06322 DI 10.1029/2011JA017280 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 968PS UT WOS:000305996800003 ER PT J AU Lane, WM Cotton, WD Helmboldt, JF Kassim, NE AF Lane, W. M. Cotton, W. D. Helmboldt, J. F. Kassim, N. E. TI VLSS redux: Software improvements applied to the Very Large Array Low-Frequency Sky Survey SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB We present details of improvements to data processing and analysis which were recently used for a re-reduction of the Very Large Array (VLA) Low-Frequency Sky Survey (VLSS) data. Algorithms described are implemented in the data-reduction package Obit, and include smart-windowing to reduce clean bias, improved automatic radio frequency interference removal, improved bright-source peeling, and higher-order Zernike fits to model the ionospheric phase contributions. An additional, but less technical improvement was using the original VLSS catalog as a same-frequency/same-resolution reference for calculating ionospheric corrections, allowing more accuracy and a higher percentage of data for which solutions are found. We also discuss new algorithms for extracting a source catalog and analyzing ionospheric fluctuations present in the data. The improved reduction techniques led to substantial improvements including images of six previously unpublished fields (1% of the survey area) and reducing the clean bias by 50%. The largest angular size imaged has been roughly doubled, and the number of cataloged sources is increased by 35% to 95,000. C1 [Lane, W. M.; Helmboldt, J. F.; Kassim, N. E.] USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Cotton, W. D.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Lane, WM (reprint author), USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Code 7213,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC USA. EM wendy.peters@nrl.navy.mil RI Helmboldt, Joseph/C-8105-2012 FU 6.1 base funds FX We would like to thank the referees for helpful questions, comments and suggested revisions. Basic research in radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 base funds. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD JUN 28 PY 2012 VL 47 AR RS0K04 DI 10.1029/2011RS004941 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA 968QK UT WOS:000305999100001 ER PT J AU Bermudez, VM AF Bermudez, V. M. TI First-Principles Study of the Initial Reaction of OH- and O-Terminated beta-Si3N4 Surfaces with Hydrogen Fluoride SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID SILICON-NITRIDE SURFACES; MINIMUM ENERGY PATHS; ELASTIC BAND METHOD; SI3N4 SURFACES; GERMANIUM SURFACES; SADDLE-POINTS; SPECTROSCOPY; MECHANISMS; SIO2 AB Density functional theory has been applied to the reaction of molecular HF with several different bonds found on the closed- and open-ring (10 (1) over bar0) surfaces of beta-Si3N4 that have been terminated in O and OH so as to model a native oxide. The only energetically favorable primary reaction is HF + Si-OH -> Si-F + H2O. This is moderately exothermic, but the activation energy is somewhat higher than for the same reaction on the SiC (0001) surface, which is consistent with experiments in which Si-OH is detected under steady-state conditions for beta-Si3N4 undergoing exposure to dilute aqueous HF solutions. Removal of the native oxide depends in detail on the surface structure. Si-O-Si bridges on the closed-ring surface are less reactive than those on the open-ring structure, and in the former case, the reaction 2 HF + Si-O-Si -> 2 Si-F + H2O is significantly endothermic. For the open-ring surface, the same reaction is moderately exothermic, although the first step, which forms Si-F + HO-Si, is moderately endothermic. Hence, removal of the native oxide from the closed-ring surface should occur slowly, if at all, in a dilute HF solution, whereas, on the open-ring surface, an end point consisting of Si-F and unreacted Si-OH bonds might be anticipated. In all cases examined, direct attack by HF on a Si-N bond is unfavorable, as is the reaction of H2O with Si-O-Si bridges. However, in the case of HF + Si-N on a closed-ring surface, the reaction is only moderately endothermic and thus may form a reactive intermediate in beta-Si3N4 etching. Structures in which HF dissociatively chemisorbs, without inserting into surface Si-O or Si-N bonds, have been identified, but these are energetically unfavorable. The implications of these result; for the etching of beta-Si3N4 in dilute HF solutions are also discussed. C1 USN, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bermudez, VM (reprint author), USN, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM victor.bermudez@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. Computer facilities were provided by the Naval Research Laboratory and by the DOD High-Performance Computing Modernization Program. K. Andersen and C. Junkermeier are thanked for help with the installation and use of Quantum Espresso. M. D. Halls is thanked for helpful communications and for calling attention to ref 23. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD JUN 28 PY 2012 VL 116 IS 25 BP 13699 EP 13707 DI 10.1021/jp3041605 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 965LS UT WOS:000305769900028 ER PT J AU Dong, WD Finkel, P Amin, A Lynch, CS AF Dong, Wen D. Finkel, Peter Amin, Ahmed Lynch, Christopher S. TI Stress dependence of thermally driven pyroelectric charge release during FER-FEO phase transformations in [011] cut relaxor ferroelectric crystals SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; ELECTRIC-FIELD; PMN-32-PERCENT-PT CRYSTALS; PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTIES; ORTHORHOMBIC PHASE; SYSTEM; BEHAVIOR AB The stress dependence of thermally driven polarization change is reported for a ferroelectric rhombohedral to ferroelectric orthorhombic phase transformation in [011] cut and poled Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O-3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-PbTiO3 (PIN-PMN-PT). A jump in polarization and strain is associated with a phase transformation of the ferroelectric material. The phase transformation temperature can be tuned, over a broad temperature range, through the application of bias stress. This phenomenon has applications in the field of energy harvesting and thermal sensing. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731791] C1 [Dong, Wen D.; Lynch, Christopher S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Finkel, Peter; Amin, Ahmed] USN, Sensors & Sonar Syst Dept, Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Dong, WD (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Lynch, Christopher/A-9886-2013 OI Lynch, Christopher/0000-0001-9989-7097 FU Naval Research Enterprise Intern Program FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Naval Research Enterprise Intern Program. The authors would like to thank Joseph Stace and Colin Murphy of NUWC Newport for their assistance with experiments. NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 25 PY 2012 VL 100 IS 26 AR 262909 DI 10.1063/1.4731791 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 966IQ UT WOS:000305831500068 ER PT J AU Sharman, RD Trier, SB Lane, TP Doyle, JD AF Sharman, R. D. Trier, S. B. Lane, T. P. Doyle, J. D. TI Sources and dynamics of turbulence in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere: A review SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Review ID CLEAR-AIR TURBULENCE; INERTIA-GRAVITY WAVES; UPPER-LEVEL TURBULENCE; LIGHTHILL-FORD THEORY; MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; WEATHER PREDICTION MODELS; STRATIFIED SHEAR-FLOW; MOUNTAIN WAVES; SPONTANEOUS IMBALANCE; NUMERICAL-MODEL AB Turbulence is a well-known hazard to aviation that is responsible for numerous injuries each year, with occasional fatalities, and is the underlying cause of many people's fear of air travel. Not only are turbulence encounters a safety issue, they also result in millions of dollars of operational costs to airlines, leading to increased costs passed on to the consumer. For these reasons, pilots, dispatchers, and air traffic controllers attempt to avoid turbulence wherever possible. Accurate forecasting of aviation-scale turbulence has been hampered in part by a lack of understanding of the underlying dynamical processes. However, more precise observations of turbulence encounters together with recent research into turbulence generation processes is helping to elucidate the detailed dynamical processes involved and is laying the foundation for improved turbulence forecasting and avoidance. In this paper we briefly review some of the more important recent observational, theoretical, and modeling results related to turbulence at cruise altitudes for commercial aircraft (i.e., the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere), and their implications for aviation turbulence forecasting. Citation: Sharman, R. D., S. B. Trier, T. P. Lane, and J. D. Doyle (2012), Sources and dynamics of turbulence in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere: A review, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L12803, doi:10.1029/2012GL051996. C1 [Sharman, R. D.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Trier, S. B.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Earth Syst Lab, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Lane, T. P.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Earth Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Doyle, J. D.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. RP Sharman, RD (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM sharman@ucar.edu RI Lane, Todd/A-8804-2011 OI Lane, Todd/0000-0003-0171-6927 FU NOAA [S4670001]; Australian Research Council Future Fellowship [FT0990892]; Office of Naval Research's Program Element [0601153N]; National Science Foundation FX RDS and SBT were funded in part for this work by NOAA contract S4670001. TPL is supported by an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT0990892). JDD acknowledges support through the Office of Naval Research's Program Element 0601153N. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. NR 163 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 43 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 23 PY 2012 VL 39 AR L12803 DI 10.1029/2012GL051996 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 963TV UT WOS:000305648400004 ER PT J AU Nieves-Chinchilla, T Colaninno, R Vourlidas, A Szabo, A Lepping, RP Boardsen, SA Anderson, BJ Korth, H AF Nieves-Chinchilla, T. Colaninno, R. Vourlidas, A. Szabo, A. Lepping, R. P. Boardsen, S. A. Anderson, B. J. Korth, H. TI Remote and in situ observations of an unusual Earth-directed coronal mass ejection from multiple viewpoints SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC CLOUDS; SOLAR-WIND; STEREO; FIELD; INSTRUMENT; SIGNATURES; MESSENGER; MISSION; AU AB During June 16-21, 2010, an Earth-directed coronal mass ejection (CME) event was observed by instruments onboard STEREO, SOHO, MESSENGER and Wind. This event was the first direct detection of a rotating CME in the middle and outer corona. Here, we carry out a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of the CME in the interplanetary medium comparing in situ and remote observations, with analytical models and three-dimensional reconstructions. In particular, we investigate the parallel and perpendicular cross section expansion of the CME from the corona through the heliosphere up to 1 AU. We use height-time measurements and the Gradual Cylindrical Shell (GCS) technique to model the imaging observations, remove the projection effects, and derive the 3-dimensional extent of the event. Then, we compare the results with in situ analytical Magnetic Cloud (MC) models, and with geometrical predictions from past works. We find that the parallel (along the propagation plane) cross section expansion agrees well with the in situ model and with the Bothmer and Schwenn (1998) empirical relationship based on in situ observations between 0.3 and 1 AU. Our results effectively extend this empirical relationship to about 5 solar radii. The expansion of the perpendicular diameter agrees very well with the in situ results at MESSENGER (similar to 0.5 AU) but not at 1 AU. We also find a slightly different, from Bothmer and Schwenn (1998), empirical relationship for the perpendicular expansion. More importantly, we find no evidence that the CME undergoes a significant latitudinal over-expansion as it is commonly assumed. Instead, we find evidence that effects due to CME rotation and expansion can be easily confused in the images leading to a severe overestimation of the proper 3D size of the event. Finally, we find that the reconstructions of the CME morphology from the in situ observations at 1 AU are in agreement with the remote sensing observations but they show a big discrepancy at MESSENGER. We attribute this discrepancy to the ambiguity of selecting the proper boundaries due to the lack of accompanying plasma measurements. C1 [Nieves-Chinchilla, T.] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Colaninno, R.; Vourlidas, A.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Szabo, A.; Lepping, R. P.] NASA, Heliospher Phys Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Boardsen, S. A.] NASA, Heliophys Sci Div, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Anderson, B. J.; Korth, H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. RP Nieves-Chinchilla, T (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. EM teresa.nieves@nasa.gov RI Anderson, Brian/I-8615-2012; Nieves-Chinchilla, Teresa/F-3482-2016; Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Nieves-Chinchilla, Teresa/0000-0003-0565-4890; Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 FU NASA [S-13631-Y] FX The work of R.C. and A.V. is supported by NASA contract S-13631-Y. SOHO is an international collaboration between NASA and ESA. LASCO was constructed by a consortium of institutions: NRL (USA), MPS (Germany), LAM (France) and Univ. of Bham (Birmingham, UK). The SECCHI data are produced by an international consortium of the NRL, LMSAL and NASA GSFC (USA), RAL and Univ. Bham (UK), MPS (Germany), CSL (Belgium), IOTA and IAS (France). NR 41 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 23 PY 2012 VL 117 AR A06106 DI 10.1029/2011JA017243 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 963OB UT WOS:000305629900001 ER PT J AU Ita, EE AF Ita, Eyo Eyo, III TI INSTANTON REPRESENTATION OF PLEBANSKI GRAVITY: EUCLIDEAN SIGNATURE MINISUPERSPACE SOLUTION SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE Minisuperspace; instanton representation; Plebanski gravity AB Using the action for the instant on representation of Plebanski gravity (IRPG), we con-struct minisuperspace solutions restricted to diagonal variables. We have treated the Euclidean signature case with zero cosmological constant,depicting a gravitational anal-ogy to free particle motion. This paper provides a testing ground for IRPG for a simple case,which will be extended to the full theory in future work. C1 USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Ita, EE (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM ita@usna.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD JUN 21 PY 2012 VL 27 IS 19 AR 1250104 DI 10.1142/S0217732312501040 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 962JJ UT WOS:000305540200002 ER PT J AU Gao, BC Chen, W AF Gao, Bo-Cai Chen, Wei TI Multispectral decomposition for the removal of out-of-band effects of visible/infrared imaging radiometer suite visible and near-infrared bands SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID OCEAN; INSTRUMENT; MODIS AB The visible/infrared imaging radiometer suite (VIIRS) is now onboard the first satellite platform managed by the Joint Polar Satellite System of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and NASA. It collects scientific data from an altitude of approximately 830 km in 22 narrow bands located in the 0.4-12.5 mu m range. The seven visible and near-infrared (VisNIR) bands in the wavelength interval between 0.4-0.9 mu m are known to suffer from the out-of-band (OOB) responses-a small amount of radiances far away from the center of a given band that can pass through the filter and reach detectors in the focal plane. A proper treatment of the OOB effects is necessary in order to obtain calibrated at-sensor radiance data [referred to as the Sensor Data Records (SDRs)] from measurements with these bands and subsequently to derive higher-level data products [referred to as the Environmental Data Records (EDRs)]. We have recently developed a new technique, called multispectral decomposition transform (MDT), which can be used to correct/remove the OOB effects of VIIRS VisNIR bands and to recover the true narrow band radiances from the measured radiances containing OOB effects. An MDT matrix is derived from the laboratory-measured filter transmittance functions. The recovery of the narrow band signals is performed through a matrix multiplication-the production between the MDT matrix and a multispectral vector. Hyperspectral imaging data measured from high altitude aircraft and satellite platforms, the complete VIIRS filter functions, and the truncated VIIRS filter functions to narrower spectral intervals, are used to simulate the VIIRS data with and without OOB effects. Our experimental results using the proposed MDT method have demonstrated that the average errors after decomposition are reduced by more than one order of magnitude. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Gao, Bo-Cai; Chen, Wei] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gao, BC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gao@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Office of Naval Research; NOAA; NASA FX The research reported here was partially supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research and by the Joint Polar Satellite System of NOAA and NASA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 20 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 18 BP 4078 EP 4086 DI 10.1364/AO.51.004078 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 970AH UT WOS:000306100000014 PM 22722283 ER PT J AU Allen, DR Douglass, AR Nedoluha, GE Coy, L AF Allen, Douglas R. Douglass, Anne R. Nedoluha, Gerald E. Coy, Lawrence TI Tracer transport during the Arctic stratospheric final warming based on a 33-year (1979-2011) tracer equivalent latitude simulation SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; SUDDEN WARMINGS; POLAR VORTEX; SUMMER; CLIMATOLOGY; EVENTS; OZONE AB During the 2011 stratospheric final warming (SFW), a large anticyclone rapidly encompassed the pole, displacing the polar vortex and establishing strong summer easterlies. Tracer Equivalent Latitude (TrEL) maps indicate low latitude air was transported by the anticyclone into the summer polar vortex. MLS nitrous oxide was anomalously high throughout the following summer, confirming the TrEL results. A 33-year (1979-2011) TrEL simulation at 850 K potential temperature reveals a number of similar low-TrEL events, which are often, but not always, associated with Frozen-In Anticyclone (FrIAC) formation. The summertime TrEL values are highly correlated with zonal wind speed in the polar stratosphere following the SFW, suggesting that strong post-SFW circulation favors polar trapping of low-TrEL air. The 2011 event, classified as a large-scale FrIAC, was unusual in having the lowest TrEL values and the strongest easterly vortex within the past three decades. Citation: Allen, D. R., A. R. Douglass, G. E. Nedoluha, and L. Coy (2012), Tracer transport during the Arctic stratospheric final warming based on a 33-year (1979-2011) tracer equivalent latitude simulation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L12801, doi: 10.1029/2012GL051930. C1 [Allen, Douglas R.; Nedoluha, Gerald E.] USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Douglass, Anne R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Coy, Lawrence] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Douglass, AR (reprint author), USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM douglas.allen@nrl.navy.mil RI Douglass, Anne/D-4655-2012 FU NASA ACMAP Program [NNHH09ZDA001N]; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by a subcontract by the NASA ACMAP Program (NNHH09ZDA001N). Work at NRL is sponsored by the Office of Naval Research. We would like to thank the two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments and suggestions. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2012 VL 39 AR L12801 DI 10.1029/2012GL051930 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 963TG UT WOS:000305646800004 ER PT J AU Vilmercati, P Cheney, CP Bondino, F Magnano, E Malvestuto, M McGuire, MA Sefat, AS Sales, BC Mandrus, D Singh, DJ Johannes, MD Mannella, N AF Vilmercati, P. Cheney, C. Parks Bondino, F. Magnano, E. Malvestuto, M. McGuire, M. A. Sefat, A. S. Sales, B. C. Mandrus, D. Singh, D. J. Johannes, M. D. Mannella, N. TI Direct probe of the variability of Coulomb correlation in iron pnictide superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHOTOELECTRON COINCIDENCE SPECTROSCOPY; SEMICONDUCTOR-METAL TRANSITION; ATOMIC AUGER-SPECTRA; NARROW-BAND METALS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PROBABILITIES; PHOTOEMISSION; SYSTEMS; TRENDS; ZINC AB We use core-valence-valence Auger spectra to probe the Coulomb repulsion between holes in the valence band of Fe pnictide superconductors. By comparing the two-hole final-state spectra to density functional theory calculations of the single-particle density of states, we extract a measure of the electron correlations that exist in these systems. Our results show that the Coulomb repulsion is highly screened and can definitively be considered as weak. We also find that there are differences between the 1111 and 122 families and even a small variation as a function of the doping x in Ba(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2. We discuss how the values of the hole-hole Coulomb repulsion obtained from our study relate to the onsite Coulomb parameter U used in model and first-principles calculations based on dynamical mean field theory and establish an upper bound for its effective value. Our results impose stringent constraints on model-based phase diagrams that vary with the quantity U or U/W by restricting the latter to a rather small range of values. C1 [Vilmercati, P.; Cheney, C. Parks; Mannella, N.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Vilmercati, P.] Univ Tennessee, Joint Inst Adv Mat, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Bondino, F.; Magnano, E.] IOM CNR, Lab TASC, I-34149 Trieste, Italy. [Malvestuto, M.] Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, I-34149 Trieste, Italy. [McGuire, M. A.; Sefat, A. S.; Sales, B. C.; Mandrus, D.; Singh, D. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Mandrus, D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Johannes, M. D.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mannella, N (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, 1408 Circle Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM nmannell@utk.edu RI McGuire, Michael/B-5453-2009; Singh, David/I-2416-2012; Malvestuto, Marco/I-4821-2012; Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014; Sefat, Athena/R-5457-2016; Vilmercati, Paolo/E-5655-2017; OI McGuire, Michael/0000-0003-1762-9406; Malvestuto, Marco/0000-0003-4418-035X; Sefat, Athena/0000-0002-5596-3504; Vilmercati, Paolo/0000-0002-3872-8828; Bondino, Federica/0000-0001-6505-9319 FU NSF [DMR-1151687]; Department of Energy, BES, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX Work at UTK and Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste was supported by NSF Grant DMR-1151687. Work at ORNL was supported by the Department of Energy, BES, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. NR 66 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 20 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 23 AR 235133 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.235133 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 962HN UT WOS:000305533900001 ER PT J AU Luo, TF Lloyd, JR AF Luo, Tengfei Lloyd, John R. TI Enhancement of Thermal Energy Transport Across Graphene/Graphite and Polymer Interfaces: A Molecular Dynamics Study SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE graphene; graphite; polymers; thermal transport; nanocomposites ID CARBON NANOTUBES; AMORPHOUS SI; CONDUCTIVITY; NANOCOMPOSITES; GRAPHENE; COMPOSITES; PHASE; SUSPENSIONS; GRAPHITE; FILMS AB Understanding thermal energy transport in polymeric nanocomposite materials is important to the engineering of polymer composites with better engineered heat transfer properties. Interfacial thermal resistance between the filling particles and the polymer matrices is a major bottleneck for the thermal conductivity improvement of polymer composite materials. Here, thermal energy transport in graphene/graphite-polymer (paraffin wax-C30H62) composite systems are systematically studied using molecular dynamics simulations. The influences of graphene size, interfacial bonding strength, and polymer density on the interfacial thermal transport are studied. According to the simulation results, approaches to improve interfacial thermal transport are proposed. Spectral analysis is performed to explore the mechanism of thermal transport. It is found that thermal energy transport across graphene/graphite-polymer interfaces can be enhanced by increasing the polymer density and graphene size or forming covalent bonds between the graphite edges and polymer molecules. The results offer valuable guidance on improving thermal transport properties of polymeric nanocomposite. C1 [Luo, Tengfei] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Lloyd, John R.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Luo, TF (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM tluo@nd.edu; jrlloyd@nps.edu RI Luo, Tengfei/A-8354-2013 FU NSF [0522594, TG-CTS100078]; Notre Dame Center FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of NSF Grant Award ID 0522594 to enable this work to be performed. T. L. thanks Professor Junichiro Shiomi from University of Tokyo and Dr. Keivan Esfarjani from MIT for useful discussions. This research was supported in part by the Notre Dame Center for Research Computing and NSF through TeraGrid resources provided by SDSC Trestles under grant number TG-CTS100078. NR 62 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 9 U2 150 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1616-301X J9 ADV FUNCT MATER JI Adv. Funct. Mater. PD JUN 20 PY 2012 VL 22 IS 12 BP 2495 EP 2502 DI 10.1002/adfm.201103048 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 953IN UT WOS:000304860500005 ER PT J AU Stroo, HF Leeson, A Marqusee, JA Johnson, PC Ward, CH Kavanaugh, MC Sale, TC Newell, CJ Pennell, KD Lebron, CA Unger, M AF Stroo, Hans F. Leeson, Andrea Marqusee, Jeffrey A. Johnson, Paul C. Ward, C. Herb Kavanaugh, Michael C. Sale, Tom C. Newell, Charles J. Pennell, Kurt D. Lebron, Carmen A. Unger, Marvin TI Chlorinated Ethene Source Remediation: Lessons Learned SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNAPL SOURCE ZONES; MICROBIAL REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION; NONAQUEOUS PHASE LIQUID; ENHANCED AQUIFER REMEDIATION; CONTAMINANT MASS DISCHARGE; SOLVENT SOURCE ZONES; BACHMAN ROAD SITE; ZERO-VALENT IRON; POROUS-MEDIA; FRACTURED ROCK C1 [Stroo, Hans F.; Unger, Marvin] HydroGeoLogic Inc, 11107 Sunset Hills Rd,Suite 400, Reston, VA 20190 USA. [Leeson, Andrea; Marqusee, Jeffrey A.] Strateg Environm Res & Dev Program, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Johnson, Paul C.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainable Engn & Built Environm, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Ward, C. Herb] Rice Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Kavanaugh, Michael C.] Geosyntec Consultants, Oakland, CA 94607 USA. [Sale, Tom C.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Newell, Charles J.] GSI Environm Inc, Houston, TX 77098 USA. [Pennell, Kurt D.] Tufts Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Lebron, Carmen A.] USN, Facil Engn Command Engn Serv Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA. RP Stroo, HF (reprint author), HydroGeoLogic Inc, 11107 Sunset Hills Rd,Suite 400, Reston, VA 20190 USA. EM hstroo@hgl.com RI Pennell, Kurt/F-6862-2010 OI Pennell, Kurt/0000-0002-5788-6397 NR 131 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 5 U2 68 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 19 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 12 BP 6438 EP 6447 DI 10.1021/es204714w PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 959OA UT WOS:000305320900002 PM 22558915 ER PT J AU Surls, J Nazarov-Stoica, C Kehl, M Olsen, C Casares, S Brumeanu, TD AF Surls, Jacqueline Nazarov-Stoica, Cristina Kehl, Margaret Olsen, Cara Casares, Sofia Brumeanu, Teodor-D. TI Increased Membrane Cholesterol in Lymphocytes Diverts T-Cells toward an Inflammatory Response SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTORS; LIPID-RAFTS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR; CELLULAR CHOLESTEROL; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; DOWN-REGULATION; TH2 CELLS; ACTIVATION; MICRODOMAINS AB Cell signaling for T-cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis is initiated in the cholesterol-rich microdomains of the plasma membrane known as lipid rafts. Herein, we investigated whether enrichment of membrane cholesterol in lipid rafts affects antigen-specific CD4 T-helper cell functions. Enrichment of membrane cholesterol by 40-50% following squalene administration in mice was paralleled by an increased number of resting CD4 T helper cells in periphery. We also observed sensitization of the Th1 differentiation machinery through co-localization of IL-2R alpha, IL-4R alpha, and IL-12R beta 2 subunits with GM1 positive lipid rafts, and increased STAT-4 and STAT-5 phosphorylation following membrane cholesterol enrichment. Antigen stimulation or CD3/CD28 polyclonal stimulation of membrane cholesterol-enriched, resting CD4 T-cells followed a path of Th1 differentiation, which was more vigorous in the presence of increased IL-12 secretion by APCs enriched in membrane cholesterol. Enrichment of membrane cholesterol in antigen-specific, autoimmune Th1 cells fostered their organ-specific reactivity, as confirmed in an autoimmune mouse model for diabetes. However, membrane cholesterol enrichment in CD4(+) Foxp3(+) T-reg cells did not alter their suppressogenic function. These findings revealed a differential regulatory effect of membrane cholesterol on the function of CD4 T-cell subsets. This first suggests that membrane cholesterol could be a new therapeutic target to modulate the immune functions, and second that increased membrane cholesterol in various physiopathological conditions may bias the immune system toward an inflammatory Th1 type response. C1 [Surls, Jacqueline; Nazarov-Stoica, Cristina; Kehl, Margaret; Olsen, Cara; Casares, Sofia; Brumeanu, Teodor-D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Div Immunol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Surls, Jacqueline; Nazarov-Stoica, Cristina; Kehl, Margaret; Olsen, Cara; Casares, Sofia; Brumeanu, Teodor-D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Biostat Counseling Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Casares, Sofia] USN, Infect Dis Directorate, Malaria Program, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Surls, J (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Div Immunol, Room A3060, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM tbrumeanu@usuhs.edu FU Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences (USUHS) [RO83-ZK] FX This work was supported (grant # RO83-ZK) by the Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences (USUHS). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 81 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 19 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 6 AR e38733 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0038733 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 963VI UT WOS:000305652700024 PM 22723880 ER PT J AU Anderson, GP Legler, PM Zabetakis, D Goldman, ER AF Anderson, George P. Legler, Patricia M. Zabetakis, Dan Goldman, Ellen R. TI Comparison of Immunoreactivity of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Mutants for Use as Toxin Surrogates SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SUPERANTIGENS; MUTATIONS; SEQUENCE; COMPLEX; VACCINE; CHAIN AB The development and testing of detection methodologies for biothreat agents are by their very nature complicated by the necessity to handle hazardous materials. Toxoids prepared by thermal or chemical inactivation are often used in place of the native toxin; however, the process of detoxification can decrease the agent's ability to be detected at similar concentrations. One method to overcome this limitation is the use of toxin mutants which have altered amino acid sequences sufficient to abrogate or greatly reduce their toxic activity. While this method of toxoid preparation is much more controlled, there is still no guarantee that the resulting product will be equal in detectability to the native toxin. In this work, we have evaluated the utility of two recombinantly expressed Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) mutants, a single point mutant (Y89A), and a mutant with three amino acids changed (L45R, Y89A, Y94A), to act as surrogates for SEB in immunoassays. We evaluated the affinity of a number of anti-SEB monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and an anti-SEB single domain antibody (sdAb) for SEB and its surrogates. One of the mAb's affinity was decreased by a factor of 3000 for the triple mutant, and another mAb's affinity for the triple mutant was decreased by 11-fold while the others bound the mutants nearly as well as they did the native toxin. MAGPIX sandwich immunoassays were used to evaluate the ability of all combinations of the recognition reagents to detect the SEB mutants in comparison to SEB and a chemically inactivated SEB. These results show that recombinant mutants of SEB can serve as much more useful surrogates for this hazardous material relative to the chemically inactivated toxin; however, even the point mutant impacted limits of detection, illustrating the need to evaluate the utility of toxin mutants on a case-by-case basis depending on the immunoreagents being employed. C1 [Anderson, George P.; Legler, Patricia M.; Zabetakis, Dan; Goldman, Ellen R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Goldman, ER (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ellen.goldman@nrl.navy.mil RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011 OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893 FU DTRA [CBCALL12-LS6-2-0036] FX The work presented here was performed under DTRA project number CBCALL12-LS6-2-0036. The opinions expressed here are those of the authors and do not represent those of the US Navy, the US Department of Defense, or the US government. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUN 19 PY 2012 VL 84 IS 12 BP 5198 EP 5203 DI 10.1021/ac300864j PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 959NW UT WOS:000305320500007 PM 22681495 ER PT J AU Qadri, SB Wu, DH Bussmann, K Skelton, EF Bayya, N AF Qadri, S. B. Wu, D. H. Bussmann, K. Skelton, E. F. Bayya, N. TI India-stabilized-gadolinia and gadolinia-stabilized-India: Their structural and magnetic properties SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH SESQUIOXIDES; HIGH-PRESSURE; CORUNDUM STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; OXIDE; TRANSITION; SYSTEM; FILMS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; NANOPARTICLES AB Gd2O3-In2O3 solid solutions were synthesized starting with powders of Gd2O3 and In2O3 in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio and heating them in air to temperatures of 1425 degrees C. Their crystalline structures were determined using high resolution x-ray diffractometry. Cubic, monoclinic, and hexagonal phases were observed for different compositions. The present study demonstrates that large quantities of the high pressure phases of either Gd2O3 or In2O3 can be obtained in the solid solutions of Gd2-xInxO3 (0