FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Avramov-Zamurovic, S Yoo, JM Dagalakis, NG AF Avramov-Zamurovic, Svetlana Yoo, Jae Myung Dagalakis, Nicholas G. TI Capacitive displacement sensor for detecting planar submicrometer motion SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID LONG-RANGE AB This paper describes the design of a very simple displacement sensor that measures the change in the position of an object by sensing the change in capacitance due to the movement of this object in the sensor fringing electric field. Two sensor geometries with small footprints were considered and several sensor variations were built and tested. At distances of approximately 0.5 mu m and 30 mu m, test results demonstrated that the sensors' resolution was in the order of tens of nanometers. C1 [Avramov-Zamurovic, Svetlana] US Naval Acad, Weap & Syst Dept, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Yoo, Jae Myung] Appl Mat Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. [Dagalakis, Nicholas G.] NIST, Intelligent Syst Div, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Avramov-Zamurovic, S (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Weap & Syst Dept, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. FU Robotic Systems for Smart Manufacturing Program of the Intelligent Systems Division, Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA FX This work was partially supported by the Robotic Systems for Smart Manufacturing Program of the Intelligent Systems Division, Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 87 IS 6 AR 065001 DI 10.1063/1.4952585 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA DQ4MC UT WOS:000379177000067 PM 27370483 ER PT J AU Caron, JN Montes, MJ Obermark, JL AF Caron, James N. Montes, Marcos J. Obermark, Jerome L. TI Extracting flat-field images from scene-based image sequences using phase correlation SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID FOCAL-PLANE ARRAYS; NONUNIFORMITY CORRECTION; REGISTRATION AB Flat-field image processing is an essential step in producing high-quality and radiometrically calibrated images. Flat-fielding corrects for variations in the gain of focal plane array electronics and unequal illumination from the system optics. Typically, a flat-field image is captured by imaging a radiometrically uniform surface. The flat-field image is normalized and removed from the images. There are circumstances, such as with remote sensing, where a flat-field image cannot be acquired in this manner. For these cases, we developed a phase-correlation method that allows the extraction of an effective flat-field image from a sequence of scene-based displaced images. The method uses sub-pixel phase correlation image registration to align the sequence to estimate the static scene. The scene is removed from sequence producing a sequence of misaligned flat-field images. An average flat-field image is derived from the realigned flat-field sequence. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Caron, James N.] Res Support Instruments, 4325-B Forbes Blvd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Montes, Marcos J.] Naval Res Lab, Code 7231,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Obermark, Jerome L.] Naval Res Lab, Code 8231,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Caron, JN (reprint author), Res Support Instruments, 4325-B Forbes Blvd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. EM Caron@RSImd.com RI Montes, Marcos/J-9239-2015; OI Montes, Marcos/0000-0002-4725-5380; Caron, James/0000-0002-1026-8583 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 87 IS 6 AR 063710 DI 10.1063/1.4954730 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA DQ4MC UT WOS:000379177000046 PM 27370462 ER PT J AU Oh, E Horne, RA Sackett, CA AF Oh, E. Horne, R. A. Sackett, C. A. TI Fast phase stabilization of a low frequency beat note for atom interferometry SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID FINE-STRUCTURE CONSTANT; GRAVIMETER; GRAVITY AB Atom interferometry experiments rely on the ability to obtain a stable signal that corresponds to an atomic phase. For interferometers that use laser beams to manipulate the atoms, noise in the lasers can lead to errors in the atomic measurement. In particular, it is often necessary to actively stabilize the optical phase between two frequency components of the beams. Typically this is achieved using a time-domain measurement of a beat note between the two frequencies. This becomes challenging when the frequency difference is small and the phase measurement must be made quickly. The method presented here instead uses a spatial interference detection to rapidly measure the optical phase for arbitrary frequency differences. A feedback system operating at a bandwidth of about 10 MHz could then correct the phase in about 3 mu s. This time is short enough that the phase correction could be applied at the start of a laser pulse without appreciably degrading the fidelity of the atom interferometer operation. The phase stabilization system was demonstrated in a simple atom interferometer measurement of the Rb-87 recoil frequency. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Oh, E.; Horne, R. A.; Sackett, C. A.] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, 382 McCormick Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Oh, E.] US Naval Acad, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Sackett, CA (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, 382 McCormick Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM sackett@virginia.edu FU NASA [1502012]; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by NASA under Contract No. 1502012. Eun Oh was also supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 87 IS 6 AR 063105 DI 10.1063/1.4953338 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA DQ4MC UT WOS:000379177000008 PM 27370424 ER PT J AU Tulchinsky, DA Hastings, AS Williams, KJ AF Tulchinsky, David A. Hastings, Alexander S. Williams, Keith J. TI Characteristics and performance of offset phase locked single frequency heterodyned laser systems SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID NONPLANAR RING LASERS; MICROWAVE SIGNALS; NOISE; LOOP; PHOTODETECTORS; LOCKING; PHOTODIODES; DISTORTION; DIODES; INSB AB We demonstrate and characterize the performance of two heterodyned optical phase locked loop (PLL) laser systems for use in characterizing photodetector RF frequency response and nonlinearities. Descriptions of PLL circuit parameters for Nd:YAG non-planar ring oscillator lasers at 1064 nm and 1319 nm, and Er ion fiber lasers from 1530 nm to 1565 nm are presented. Both laser systems have piezoelectric transducer wavelength control over the PLL voltage controlled oscillator circuit. Offset frequency phase locking from 1.5 kHz to 51+ GHz is demonstrated. Frequency stability at 10 MHz is measured to be +/- 50 mu Hz, limited by the stability of the Rb stabilized crystal oscillator. Phase noise of the phase-locked 1319 nm laser system is discussed where we find that the phase noise is dominated by the input source noise at frequency offsets below 100 Hz and by the laser's RIN noise at frequency offsets > 100 Hz. Comparing nonlinearity data from an InGaAs p-i-n photodiode using both 1319 nm and 1550 nm PLL nonlinearity measurement systems, we find two new separate photodetector nonlinearity mechanisms. Measurements of the harmonic components of a 11 MHz sinusoidal heterodyned optical beat note signal are found to be at or below 1 nW/mW for the second harmonic (at 22 MHz) and at or below 0.25 nW/mW for the 3rd harmonic (at 33 MHz), confirming the nearly pure sinusoidal nature of the optically generated microwave beat note. C1 [Tulchinsky, David A.; Hastings, Alexander S.; Williams, Keith J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Tulchinsky, DA (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.tulchinsky@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 87 IS 5 AR 053107 DI 10.1063/1.4946999 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA DQ4QE UT WOS:000379187600027 PM 27250392 ER PT J AU Jensen, KL Shiffler, DA Harris, JR Petillo, JJ AF Jensen, Kevin L. Shiffler, Donald A. Harris, John R. Petillo, John J. TI Schottky's conjecture, field emitters, and the point charge model SO AIP ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID EMISSION CATHODES; COLD AB A Point Charge Model of conical field emitters, in which the emitter is defined by an equipotential surface of judiciously placed charges over a planar conductor, is used to confirm Schottky's conjecture that field enhancement factors are multiplicative for a small protrusion placed on top of a larger base structure. Importantly, it is shown that Schottky's conjecture for conical /ellipsoidal field emitters remains unexpectedly valid even when the dimensions of the protrusion begin to approach the dimensions of the base structure. The model is analytic and therefore the methodology is extensible to other configurations. (C) 2016 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). C1 [Jensen, Kevin L.] Naval Res Lab, Code 6364, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Shiffler, Donald A.; Harris, John R.] Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Petillo, John J.] Leidos, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. RP Jensen, KL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 6364, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kevin.jensen@nrl.navy.mil OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2158-3226 J9 AIP ADV JI AIP Adv. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 6 IS 6 AR 065005 DI 10.1063/1.4953813 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DQ2OG UT WOS:000379041400005 ER PT J AU Qadri, SB Rath, BB Gorzkowski, EP Feng, CR AF Qadri, S. B. Rath, B. B. Gorzkowski, E. P. Feng, C. R. TI SiC/Si3N4 nanotubes from peanut shells SO AIP ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-SILICON-NITRIDE; RICE HUSK; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CHARGE-TRANSFER; BETA-PHASE; CARBIDE; HULLS; BETA-SI3N4; NANOWIRES AB Nanotubes and nanoparticles of SiC and Si3N4 were produced from the thermal treatment of peanut shells in argon and nitrogen atmospheres respectively, at temperatures in excess of 1350 degrees C. Using x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy analysis, the processed samples in argon atmosphere were shown to consist of 2H and 3C polytypes of SiC nanoparticles and nanotubes. Whereas the samples prepared in nitrogen atmosphere consisted of a-phase of Si3N4. Nanostructures formed by a single direct reaction provide a sustainable synthesis route for nanostructured SiC and Si3N4, for potential engineering applications due to their exceptional mechanical and electro-optic properties. (C) 2016 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). C1 [Qadri, S. B.; Rath, B. B.; Gorzkowski, E. P.; Feng, C. R.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Component Technol Directorate, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Qadri, SB (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Component Technol Directorate, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2158-3226 J9 AIP ADV JI AIP Adv. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 6 IS 6 AR 065009 DI 10.1063/1.4954058 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DQ2OG UT WOS:000379041400009 ER PT J AU Tsai, HC Elsberry, RL AF Tsai, Hsiao-Chung Elsberry, Russell L. TI Skill of western North Pacific tropical cyclone intensity forecast guidance relative to Weighted-Analog technique SO ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Tropical cyclone intensity forecasts; tropical cyclone intensity skill metric; western North Pacific tropical cyclones ID SPREAD PREDICTIONS AB The accuracy of the western North Pacific tropical cyclone intensity forecast guidance products available at the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is evaluated relative to a new skill metric called Weighted Analog Intensity Pacific (WAIP) that includes knowledge of the JTWC official track forecast and the current intensity, which is information that is available at the time the intensity forecast is generated. An intensity consensus technique called S5XX that includes statistical-dynamic intensity forecasts plus other dynamic and thermodynamic prediction techniques has statistically significant smaller errors than WAIP at 24 h and 48 h and has similar accuracy through 120 h. While the track consensus CONW is a critical input to the JTWC official track forecast, it has no skill relative to WAIP as an intensity forecast. Three regional numerical models also have no skill relative to WAIP, and especially at forecast intervals beyond 72 h because their mean absolute errors are statistically significantly larger than for WAIP. Furthermore, these regional models have statistically significant positive or negative intensity biases relative to the verifying intensities. However, an experimental consensus technique called CMES that includes these three regional models has small accuracy relative to WAIP in the 24 h to 72 h forecast intervals. Geographical-based comparisons of the intensity guidance products with the WAIP indicate almost all of the products are more accurate than WAIP over the South China Sea region. The statistical-dynamic consensus technique S5XX does have skill through 72 h for landfalling situations along the coasts of China and Southeast Asia. At 120 h, the WAIP has superior performance over the guidance products over most areas of the western North Pacific, but again the S5XX is more accurate than WAIP for landfalling tropical cyclones on the Philippine Islands, Southeast Asia, South China, and northeastern Japan. This information will be useful to the forecaster in deciding when and where (or how much) to rely on each guidance product in preparing the five-day intensity forecast once the official track forecast has been established. C1 [Tsai, Hsiao-Chung] Tamkang Univ, Dept Water Resources & Environm Engn, New Taipei, Taiwan. [Elsberry, Russell L.] Univ Colorado, Hazards Ctr, Hlth, Trauma, 1861 Austin Bluffs Pkwy, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. [Elsberry, Russell L.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. RP Elsberry, RL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hazards Ctr, Hlth, Trauma, 1861 Austin Bluffs Pkwy, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. EM elsberrylr@comcast.net FU Office of Naval Research Marine Meteorology section FX H.-C. Tsai and R. L. Elsberry are supported by the Office of Naval Research Marine Meteorology section. Matt Kucas of JTWC provided assistance in securing the JTWC guidance product files and answered questions about their interpretation. Reviews by Matt Kucas and two anonymous reviewers substantially improved the manuscript. Mrs. Penny Jones provided excellent assistance in manuscript preparation. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU KOREAN METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA SHINKIL-DONG 508, SIWON BLDG 704, YONGDUNGPO-GU, SEOUL, 150-050, SOUTH KOREA SN 1976-7633 EI 1976-7951 J9 ASIA-PAC J ATMOS SCI JI Asia-Pac. J. Atmos. Sci. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 52 IS 3 BP 281 EP 290 DI 10.1007/s13143-016-0001-4 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DQ1FQ UT WOS:000378947300003 ER PT J AU Rykaczewski, K Mieritz, DG Liu, M Ma, Y Iezzi, EB Sun, X Wang, LP Solanki, KN Seo, DK Wang, RY AF Rykaczewski, K. Mieritz, D. G. Liu, M. Ma, Y. Iezzi, E. B. Sun, X. Wang, L. P. Solanki, K. N. Seo, D-K. Wang, R. Y. TI Far-reaching geometrical artefacts due to thermal decomposition of polymeric coatings around focused ion beam milled pigment particles SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE FIB-SEM; heating artefacts; paints; pigments ID SCANNING-ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; MEASURING WATER DIFFUSION; ORGANIC COATINGS; BLOCK-COPOLYMER; SOFT MATTER; FILMS; SUBSTRATE; NANOFABRICATION; DEGRADATION; MOISTURE AB Focused ion beam and scanning electron microscope (FIB-SEM) instruments are extensively used to characterize nanoscale composition of compositematerials, however, their application to analysis of organic corrosion barrier coatings has been limited. The primary concern that arises with use of FIB to mill organic materials is the possibility of severe thermal damage that occurs in close proximity to the ion beam impact. Recent research has shown that such localized artefacts can be mitigated for a number of polymers through cryogenic cooling of the sample as well as low current milling and intelligent ion beam control. Here we report unexpected nonlocalized artefacts that occur during FIB milling of composite organic coatings with pigment particles. Specifically, we show that FIB milling of pigmented polysiloxane coating can lead to formation of multiple microscopic voids within the substrate as far as 5 mu m away from the ion beam impact. We use further experimentation and modelling to show that void formation occurs via ion beam heating of the pigment particles that leads to decomposition and vaporization of the surrounding polysiloxane. We also identify FIB milling conditions that mitigate this issue. C1 [Rykaczewski, K.; Liu, M.; Ma, Y.; Sun, X.; Wang, L. P.; Solanki, K. N.; Wang, R. Y.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Transport Matter & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Mieritz, D. G.; Seo, D-K.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ USA. [Iezzi, E. B.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rykaczewski, K (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Transport Matter & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM konradr@asu.edu RI Solanki, Kiran/E-8337-2010 FU US Department of Defense under Technical Corrosion Collaboration Program [FA7000-14-2-0015]; Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering at Arizona State University; National Science Foundation [CBET-1236656] FX K.R., K.N.S. and L.P.W. acknowledge funding from US Department of Defense under Technical Corrosion Collaboration Program administered by the US Air Force Academy through grant no. FA7000-14-2-0015. K.R. also acknowledges startup funding from Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering at Arizona State University. R.W. and M.L. acknowledge funding support from the National Science Foundation through Grant no. CBET-1236656. Authors gratefully acknowledge the use of facilities at the LeRoy Eyring Center for Solid State Science at Arizona State University. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-2720 EI 1365-2818 J9 J MICROSC-OXFORD JI J. Microsc.. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 262 IS 3 BP 316 EP 325 DI 10.1111/jmi.12367 PG 10 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA DQ4IB UT WOS:000379166300012 PM 26695001 ER PT J AU Naify, CJ Rogers, JS Guild, MD Rohde, CA Orris, GJ AF Naify, Christina J. Rogers, Jeffery S. Guild, Matthew D. Rohde, Charles A. Orris, Gregory J. TI Evaluation of the resolution of a metamaterial acoustic leaky wave antenna SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION-LINE AB Acoustic antennas have long been utilized to directionally steer acoustic waves in both air and water. Typically, these antennas are comprised of arrays of active acoustic elements, which are electronically phased to steer the acoustic profile in the desired direction. A new technology, known as an acoustic leaky wave antenna (LWA), has recently been shown to achieve directional steering of acoustic waves using a single active transducer coupled to a transmission line passive aperture. The LWA steers acoustic energy by preferential coupling to an input frequency and can be designed to steer from backfire to endfire, including broadside. This paper provides an analysis of resolution as a function of both input frequency and antenna length. Additionally, the resolution is compared to that achieved using an array of active acoustic elements. C1 [Naify, Christina J.; Rohde, Charles A.; Orris, Gregory J.] US Naval Res Lab, Code 7165, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rogers, Jeffery S.] US Naval Res Lab, Code 7164, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Guild, Matthew D.] US Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council Associateship Program, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Naify, CJ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Code 7165, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM christina.naify@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 19 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 139 IS 6 BP 3250 EP 3257 DI 10.1121/1.4950755 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA DQ4HN UT WOS:000379164900039 PM 27369149 ER PT J AU Popa, BI Wang, WQ Konneker, A Cummer, SA Rohde, CA Martin, TP Orris, GJ Guild, MD AF Popa, Bogdan-Ioan Wang, Wenqi Konneker, Adam Cummer, Steven A. Rohde, Charles A. Martin, Theodore P. Orris, Gregory J. Guild, Matthew D. TI Anisotropic acoustic metafluid for underwater operation SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CLOAKING; METAMATERIALS AB The paper presents a method to design and characterize mechanically robust solid acoustic metamaterials suitable for operation in dense fluids such as water. These structures, also called metafluids, behave acoustically as inertial fluids characterized by anisotropic mass densities and isotropic bulk modulus. The method is illustrated through the design and experimental characterization of a metafluid consisting of perforated steel plates held together by rubber coated magnetic spacers. The spacers are very effective at reducing the effective shear modulus of the structure, and therefore effective at minimizing the ensuing coupling between the shear and pressure waves inside the solid effective medium. Inertial anisotropy together with fluid-like acoustic behavior are key properties that bring transformation acoustics in dense fluids closer to reality. (C) 2016 Acoustical Society of America. C1 [Popa, Bogdan-Ioan; Wang, Wenqi; Konneker, Adam; Cummer, Steven A.] Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Rohde, Charles A.; Martin, Theodore P.; Orris, Gregory J.] US Naval Res Lab, Code 7160, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Guild, Matthew D.] US Naval Res Lab, NRC Res Associateship Program, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Popa, BI (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM bogdan.popa@duke.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-12-1-0460] FX This work was supported by Grant No. N00014-12-1-0460 from the Office of Naval Research. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 21 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 139 IS 6 BP 3324 EP 3330 DI 10.1121/1.4950754 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA DQ4HN UT WOS:000379164900048 PM 27369158 ER PT J AU Boisvert, JE Scandrett, CL Howarth, TR AF Boisvert, Jeffrey E. Scandrett, Clyde L. Howarth, Thomas R. TI Scattering reduction of an acoustically hard cylinder covered with layered pentamode metamaterials SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CLOAKING AB Transformational acoustics offers the theoretical possibility of cloaking obstacles within fluids, provided metamaterials having continuously varying bulk moduli and densities can be found or constructed. Realistically, materials with the proper, continuously varying anisotropies do not presently exist. However, discretely layered cloaks having constant material parameters within each layer may be a viable alternative in practice. The present work considers a range of cloaks, from those comprised of fluid layers that are isotropic in bulk moduli with anisotropic density (inertial cloaks) to those having anisotropic bulk moduli and isotropic density (pentamode cloaks). In this paper an analytical solution is obtained for the case of plane wave scattering from a submerged rigid cylinder covered with a multilayered cylindrical cloak composed of discrete anisotropic fluid layers. An investigation of the parameter space defining such cloaks is undertaken with the goal of minimizing the far-field scattered pressure, using layer constituent anisotropic properties (density and bulk modulus) constrained to lie within reasonable ranges relative to those of water. C1 [Boisvert, Jeffrey E.; Howarth, Thomas R.] NAVSEA Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Scandrett, Clyde L.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Boisvert, JE (reprint author), NAVSEA Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM jeffrey.boisvert@navy.mil FU NAVSEA Division Newport In-House Laboratory Individual Research (ILIR) Program FX Work supported by NAVSEA Division Newport In-House Laboratory Individual Research (ILIR) Program. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 9 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 139 IS 6 BP 3403 EP 3410 DI 10.1121/1.4949541 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA DQ4HN UT WOS:000379164900057 PM 27369167 ER PT J AU Turgut, A Fialkowski, LT Schindall, JA AF Turgut, Altan Fialkowski, Laurie T. Schindall, Jeffrey A. TI Measured depth-dependence of waveguide invariant in shallow water with a summer profile SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB Acoustic-intensity striation patterns were measured in the time-frequency domain using an L-shaped array and two simultaneously towed broadband (350-650 Hz) sources at depths above and below the thermocline under summer profile conditions. Distributions of the waveguide invariant parameter beta, extracted from the acoustic striation patterns, peak at different values when receivers are above or below the thermocline for a source that is below the thermocline. However, the distributions show similar characteristics when the source is above the thermocline. Experimental results are verified by a numerical analysis of phase slowness, group slowness, and relative amplitudes of acoustic modes. C1 [Turgut, Altan; Fialkowski, Laurie T.; Schindall, Jeffrey A.] Naval Res Lab, Acoust Div, Code 7160, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Turgut, A (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Acoust Div, Code 7160, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM altan.turgut@nrl.navy.mil; laurie.fialkowski@nrl.navy.mil; Jeff.Schindall@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of the Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of the Naval Research. The authors thank the crew of the R/V H. R. Sharp for excellent support during the experiment. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 139 IS 6 BP EL184 EP EL189 DI 10.1121/1.4953581 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA DQ4HN UT WOS:000379164900002 PM 27369170 ER PT J AU Miao, CL Palastro, JP Antonsen, TM AF Miao, Chenlong Palastro, John P. Antonsen, Thomas M. TI Laser pulse driven terahertz generation via resonant transition radiation in inhomogeneous plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ACCELERATED ELECTRON BUNCHES AB An intense, short laser pulse propagating across a plasma boundary ponderomotively drives THz radiation. Full format PIC simulations and theoretical analysis are conducted to investigate the properties of this radiation. Simulation results which show the THz emission originates in regions of varying density and covers a broad spectrum with maximum frequency close to the maximum plasma frequency. In the case of a sharp vacuum-plasma boundary, the radiation is generated symmetrically at the plasma entrance and exit, and its properties are independent of plasma density when the density exceeds a characteristic value determined by the product of the plasma frequency and the laser pulse duration. For a diffuse vacuum-plasma boundary, the emission from the plasma entrance and exit is asymmetric: increasing and decreasing density ramps enhance and diminish the radiated energy, respectively. Enhancements by a factor of 50 are found and simulations show that a 1.66 J, 50 fs driver pulse can generate similar to 400 mu J of THz radiation in a 1.2mm increasing density ramp. We present a model that attributes this effect to a plasma resonance process in the density ramp. The results from the model match those of the simulations for ramp lengths less than 600 mu m. For longer ramps for which simulations are too time consuming, the model shows that the amount of radiation reaches a maximum at a ramp length determined by collisional absorption. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Miao, Chenlong; Antonsen, Thomas M.] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Palastro, John P.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Miao, CL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Antonsen, Thomas/D-8791-2017 OI Antonsen, Thomas/0000-0002-2362-2430 FU DOE [DESC0010741]; ONR/NRL [N00173131G018] FX The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Daniel Gordon for the use of TurboWAVE. This work was supported by the DOE under Grant No. DESC0010741 and the ONR/NRL under Grant No. N00173131G018. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUN PY 2016 VL 23 IS 6 AR 063103 DI 10.1063/1.4953098 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DQ4KH UT WOS:000379172200082 ER PT J AU Petrov, GM McGuffey, C Thomas, AGR Krushelnick, K Beg, FN AF Petrov, G. M. McGuffey, C. Thomas, A. G. R. Krushelnick, K. Beg, F. N. TI Generation of heavy ion beams using femtosecond laser pulses in the target normal sheath acceleration and radiation pressure acceleration regimes SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID IN-CELL SIMULATIONS; HIGH-INTENSITY; PLASMA INTERACTIONS; PROTON GENERATION; ULTRAINTENSE; ALGORITHM; DRIVEN; SOLIDS AB Theoretical study of heavy ion acceleration from sub-micron gold foils irradiated by a short pulse laser is presented. Using two dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, the time history of the laser pulse is examined in order to get insight into the laser energy deposition and ion acceleration process. For laser pulses with intensity 3 x 10(21) W/cm(2), duration 32 fs, focal spot size 5 mu m, and energy 27 J, the calculated reflection, transmission, and coupling coefficients from a 20 nm foil are 80%, 5%, and 15%, respectively. The conversion efficiency into gold ions is 8%. Two highly collimated counter-propagating ion beams have been identified. The forward accelerated gold ions have average and maximum charge-to-mass ratio of 0.25 and 0.3, respectively, maximum normalized energy 25MeV/nucleon, and flux 2 x 10(11) ions/sr. An analytical model was used to determine a range of foil thicknesses suitable for acceleration of gold ions in the radiation pressure acceleration regime and the onset of the target normal sheath acceleration regime. The numerical simulations and analytical model point to at least four technical challenges hindering the heavy ion acceleration: low charge-to-mass ratio, limited number of ions amenable to acceleration, delayed acceleration, and high reflectivity of the plasma. Finally, a regime suitable for heavy ion acceleration has been identified in an alternative approach by analyzing the energy absorption and distribution among participating species and scaling of conversion efficiency, maximum energy, and flux with laser intensity. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Petrov, G. M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [McGuffey, C.; Beg, F. N.] Univ Calif San Diego, Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [McGuffey, C.; Beg, F. N.] Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Thomas, A. G. R.; Krushelnick, K.] Univ Michigan, Ctr Ultrafast Opt Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Petrov, GM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM george.petrov@nrl.navy.mil OI Thomas, Alexander/0000-0003-3206-8512; McGuffey, Christopher/0000-0002-8162-192X FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-14-1-0282] FX This work was performed with the support of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant No. FA9550-14-1-0282. G.M.P. would like to acknowledge the DoD HPC computing program at NRL. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUN PY 2016 VL 23 IS 6 AR 063108 DI 10.1063/1.4953546 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DQ4KH UT WOS:000379172200087 ER PT J AU Rousskikh, AG Zhigalin, AS Oreshkin, VI Frolova, V Velikovich, AL Yushkov, GY Baksht, RB AF Rousskikh, A. G. Zhigalin, A. S. Oreshkin, V. I. Frolova, V. Velikovich, A. L. Yushkov, G. Yu. Baksht, R. B. TI Effect of the axial magnetic field on a metallic gas-puff pinch implosion SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; TAILORED DENSITY PROFILES; K-SHELL RADIATION; DYNAMIC-Z-PINCHES; THETA-PINCHES; X-RAY; PLASMA; SUPPRESSION; GENERATION; PHYSICS AB The effect of an axial magnetic field B-z on an imploding metallic gas-puff Z-pinch was studied using 2D time-gated visible self-emission imaging. Experiments were performed on the IMRI-5 generator (450 kA, 450 ns). The ambient field B-z was varied from 0.15 to 1.35 T. It was found that the initial density profile of a metallic gas-puff Z-pinch can be approximated by a power law. Time-gated images showed that the magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities were suppressed during the run-in phase both without axial magnetic field and with axial magnetic field. Helical instability structures were detected during the stagnation phase for B-z < 1.1 T. For B-z = 1.35 T, the pinch plasma boundary was observed to be stable in both run-in and stagnation phases. When a magnetic field of 0.3 T was applied to the pinch, the soft x-ray energy was about twice that generated without axial magnetic field, mostly due to longer dwell time at stagnation. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Rousskikh, A. G.; Zhigalin, A. S.; Oreshkin, V. I.; Frolova, V.; Yushkov, G. Yu.; Baksht, R. B.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst High Current Elect, Tomsk 634055, Russia. [Oreshkin, V. I.] Tomsk Polytech Univ, Tomsk 634050, Russia. [Velikovich, A. L.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rousskikh, AG (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst High Current Elect, Tomsk 634055, Russia. RI Yushkov, Georgy/O-8024-2015; OI Yushkov, Georgy/0000-0002-7615-6058; Velikovich, Alexander/0000-0002-2782-6246 FU Russian Science Foundation [16-19-10142] FX This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, Grant No. 16-19-10142. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUN PY 2016 VL 23 IS 6 AR 063502 DI 10.1063/1.4953048 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DQ4KH UT WOS:000379172200106 ER PT J AU Haberman, MR Guild, MD AF Haberman, Michael R. Guild, Matthew D. TI Acoustic metamaterials SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Article ID CLOAKING AB We humans have never been simply passive listeners to the sounds around us. Indeed, we have invented ways to modify and manipulate our environment to generate and receive acoustic signals for specific purposes. Acoustic applications are wide ranging enough to encompass language and other forms of communication, the detection of danger, nondestructive evaluation of precision components, and the creation and appreciation of music. C1 [Haberman, Michael R.] Univ Texas Austin, Appl Res Labs, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Haberman, Michael R.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Guild, Matthew D.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Haberman, MR (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Appl Res Labs, Austin, TX 78712 USA.; Haberman, MR (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM haberman@arlut.utexas.edu; matthew.guild.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-13-1-0631]; Applied Research Laboratories at the University of Texas at Austin; US Naval Research Laboratory; National Research Council FX We thank the Office of Naval Research (grant number N00014-13-1-0631), the Applied Research Laboratories at the University of Texas at Austin, the US Naval Research Laboratory, and the National Research Council for their continued support. We also offer special thanks to Gregory Orris, David Calvo, and Michael Nicholas of the US Naval Research Laboratory for their assistance in providing the acoustic metamaterials photographed in this article. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 EI 1945-0699 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD JUN PY 2016 VL 69 IS 6 BP 42 EP 48 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DQ4MU UT WOS:000379178800019 ER PT J AU Wang, YY Jenkins, SA Gu, CF Shree, A Martinez-Moczygemba, M Herold, J Botto, M Wetsel, RA Xu, Y AF Wang, Yanyu Jenkins, Sarah A. Gu, Chunfang Shree, Ankita Martinez-Moczygemba, Margarita Herold, Jennifer Botto, Marina Wetsel, Rick A. Xu, Yi TI Bacillus anthracis Spore Surface Protein BclA Mediates Complement Factor H Binding to Spores and Promotes Spore Persistence SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA BIOFILMS; UROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IMMUNE EVASION STRATEGIES; AEROSOL CHALLENGE MODEL; SEROGROUP-B VACCINE; T-CELL IMMUNITY; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS AB Spores of Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, are known to persist in the host lungs for prolonged periods of time, however the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that BclA, a major surface protein of B. anthracis spores, mediated direct binding of complement factor H (CFH) to spores. The surface bound CFH retained its regulatory cofactor activity resulting in C3 degradation and inhibition of downstream complement activation. By comparing results from wild type C57BL/6 mice and complement deficient mice, we further showed that BclA significantly contributed to spore persistence in the mouse lungs and dampened antibody responses to spores in a complement C3-dependent manner. In addition, prior exposure to BclA deletion spores (Delta bclA) provided significant protection against lethal challenges by B. anthracis, whereas the isogenic parent spores did not, indicating that BclA may also impair protective immunity. These results describe for the first time an immune inhibition mechanism of B. anthracis mediated by BclA and CFH that promotes spore persistence in vivo. The findings also suggested an important role of complement in persistent infections and thus have broad implications. C1 [Wang, Yanyu; Jenkins, Sarah A.; Gu, Chunfang; Shree, Ankita; Martinez-Moczygemba, Margarita; Herold, Jennifer; Xu, Yi] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Inst Biosci & Technol, Ctr Infect & Inflammatory Dis, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Martinez-Moczygemba, Margarita; Xu, Yi] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbial Pathogenesis & Immunol, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Botto, Marina] Imperial Coll London, Dept Med, London, England. [Wetsel, Rick A.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Brown Fdn Inst Mol Med Prevent Human Dis, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Jenkins, Sarah A.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Gu, Chunfang] NIEHS, Lab Signal Transduct, NIH, 101 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Xu, Y (reprint author), Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Inst Biosci & Technol, Ctr Infect & Inflammatory Dis, Houston, TX 77030 USA.; Xu, Y (reprint author), Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbial Pathogenesis & Immunol, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM yxu@ibt.tamhsc.edu FU National Insititutes of Health (NIH) [AI0952293] FX The study is funded by National Insititutes of Health (NIH) with grant number AI0952293. The funding was received by YX (https://grants.nih.gov/grants/oer.htm). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 89 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7366 EI 1553-7374 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 12 IS 6 AR e1005678 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005678 PG 25 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA DQ6WD UT WOS:000379345300028 PM 27304426 ER PT J AU Schmidt, RP AF Schmidt, Raymond P. TI From Code-Making To Policy-Making Four Decades in the Memorable Career of Russell Willson SO PROLOGUE-QUARTERLY OF THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION LA English DT Article C1 [Schmidt, Raymond P.] US Navy, Secur Grp, Washington, DC USA. RP Schmidt, RP (reprint author), US Navy, Secur Grp, Washington, DC USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ARCHIVES RECORDS ADMINISTRATION PI WASHINGTON PA TRUST FUND BOARD, WASHINGTON, DC 20408 USA SN 0033-1031 J9 PROLOGUE JI Prologue PD SUM PY 2016 VL 48 IS 2 BP 24 EP 35 PG 12 WC History SC History GA DQ1VQ UT WOS:000378988900004 ER PT J AU Hedmann, TD AF Hedmann, Trevor D. TI Radiation-induced pyrolysis of solid fuels for ramjet application SO PROPULSION AND POWER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene; Pyrolysis; Ramjet; Boron; Aluminum ID HYDROXYL-TERMINATED POLYBUTADIENE; COMBUSTION; BEHAVIOR; PROPELLANT; HTPB; DECOMPOSITION; REGRESSION; BINDERS AB A wide variety of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based fuels are experimentally assessed in anaerobic reaction. In this study HTPB pyrolysis is investigated using a CO2 laser as the energy source. The formulation of the solid fuel samples is systematically changed to isolate the effects of carbon black, metal fuel additives, and small amounts of oxidizer. In addition, chemical changes to the fuels including curative type and base polymer are varied. Rates of pyrolysis reaction are reported for a wide range of solid fuels applicable to ramjet application. Processes involving the sintering together of metal particles, accumulation of carbon black, and formation of a melt layer are found to affect the reaction rate. It is determined that the surface composition is the most influential factor influencing the regression rate of HTPB based fuels. (C) 2016 National Laboratory for Aeronautics and Astronautics. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommon.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). C1 [Hedmann, Trevor D.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Hedmann, TD (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM trevor.hedman@navy.mil NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2212-540X J9 PROPULS POWER RES JI Propuls. Power Res. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 5 IS 2 BP 87 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.jppr.2016.04.002 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DQ5PH UT WOS:000379256800001 ER PT J AU Nath, A Currie, M Boyd, AK Wheeler, VD Koehler, AD Tadjer, MJ Robinson, ZR Sridhara, K Hernandez, SC Wollmershauser, JA Robinson, JT Myers-Ward, RL Rao, MV Gaskill, DK AF Nath, Anindya Currie, Marc Boyd, Anthony K. Wheeler, Virginia D. Koehler, Andrew D. Tadjer, Marko J. Robinson, Zachary R. Sridhara, Karthik Hernandez, Sandra C. Wollmershauser, James A. Robinson, Jeremy T. Myers-Ward, Rachael L. Rao, Mulpuri V. Gaskill, D. Kurt TI In search of quantum-limited contact resistance: understandingthe intrinsic and extrinsic effects on the graphene-metal interface SO 2D MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE graphene; resist-residue; laser patterning; contact resistance; graphene metal interface ID EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; WORK FUNCTION; LARGE-AREA; GRAPHITE; DEVICES; QUALITY AB Owing to its two-dimensional structure, graphene is extremely sensitive to surface contamination. Conventional processing techniques inevitably modify graphene's intrinsic properties by introducing adsorbents and/or defects which limit device performance and understanding the intrinsic properties of graphene. Here we demonstrate femtosecond laser direct patterning of graphene microstructures, without the aid of resists or other chemicals, that enables us to study both intrinsic and extrinsic effects on the graphene metal interface. The pulsed femtosecond laser was configured to ablate epitaxial graphene (EG) on a sub-micrometer scale and form a precisely defined region without damaging the surrounding material or substrate. The ablated area was sufficient to electrically isolate transfer length measurement structures and Hall devices for subsequent transport measurements. Using pristine and systematically contaminated surfaces, we found that Ni does not form bonds to EG synthesized on SiC in contrast to the well-known C Ni bond formation for graphene synthesized on metals; known as end-contacting. Without end-contacting, the contact resistance (Re) of Ni to pristine and resist contaminated EG are one and two orders of magnitude larger, respectively, than the intrinsic quantum limited contact resistance. The range of reported Re values is explained using carrier transmission probability, as exemplified by the Landauer Buttiker model, which is dependent on the presence or absence of end-contacts and dopant/work-function mediated conduction. The model predicts the need for both end-contacts and a clean graphene metal interface as necessary conditions to approach quantum limited contact resistance. C1 [Nath, Anindya; Rao, Mulpuri V.] George Mason Univ, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Nath, Anindya; Currie, Marc; Boyd, Anthony K.; Wheeler, Virginia D.; Koehler, Andrew D.; Tadjer, Marko J.; Hernandez, Sandra C.; Wollmershauser, James A.; Robinson, Jeremy T.; Myers-Ward, Rachael L.; Gaskill, D. Kurt] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Robinson, Zachary R.] SUNY Coll Brockport, 350 New Campus Dr, Brockport, NY 14420 USA. [Sridhara, Karthik] Texas A&M Univ, 401 Joe Routt Blvd, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Nath, A (reprint author), George Mason Univ, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.; Nath, A (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM anath@gmu.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX A K B is grateful for an ASEE postdoctoral fellowship. We acknowledge useful discussions with B D Kong, M S Osofsky, D J Meyer and J Barritt (US Naval Research Laboratory) and M S Fuhrer (Monash University). This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research. NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 20 U2 40 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2053-1583 J9 2D MATER JI 2D Mater. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 3 IS 2 AR 025013 DI 10.1088/2053-1583/3/2/025013 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DP5XL UT WOS:000378571400033 ER PT J AU Palomo, V Diaz, SA Stewart, MH Susumu, K Medintz, IL Dawson, PE AF Palomo, Valle Diaz, Sebastian A. Stewart, Michael H. Susumu, Kimihiro Medintz, Igor L. Dawson, Philip E. TI 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine Peptides as Nonperturbative Quantum Dot Sensors of Aminopeptidase SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE quantum dot; nanoparticle; sensor; exopeptidase; DOPA; electron transfer ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; I-CONVERTING-ENZYME; PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; SERINE PROTEASES; KINETIC-ANALYSIS; AMINO-ACIDS; DOPAMINE; PROTEIN; REDOX AB Fluorescence-based assays for hydrolases that cleave within the substrate (endopeptidases) are common, while developing substrates for proteases that selectively cleave from peptide termini (exopeptidases) is more challenging, since the termini are specifically recognized by the enzyme and cannot be modified to facilitate a Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) based approach. The development of a robust system that enables the quenching of fluorescent particles by simple amino acid side chains would find broad utility for peptide sensors and would be advantageous for exopeptidases. Here we describe a quantum dot (QD)-based electron transfer (ET) sensor that is able to allow direct, quantitative monitoring of both exopeptidase and endopeptidase activity. The incorporation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) into the sequence of a peptide allows for the quenching of QD photoluminescence through an ET mechanism. DOPA is a nonproteinogenic amino acid that can replace a phenylalanine or tyrosine residue in a peptide sequence without severely altering structural properties, allowing for its introduction at multiple positions within a biologically active peptide substrate. Consequently, the quenching system presented here is ideally suited for incorporation into diverse peptide substrates for enzyme recognition, digestion, and activity sensing. Our findings suggest a broad utility of a small ET-capable amino acid side chain in detecting enzyme activity through ET-mediated QD luminescence quenching. C1 [Palomo, Valle; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Diaz, Sebastian A.; Medintz, Igor L.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci, Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stewart, Michael H.; Susumu, Kimihiro] US Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Code 5611, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dawson, PE (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM dawson@scripps.edu RI Palomo Ruiz, Maria del Valle/N-2932-2016 OI Palomo Ruiz, Maria del Valle/0000-0002-1473-4086 FU National Institutes of Health [R01NS087070]; Ramon Areces foundation; DTRA; NRL Nanosciences Institute; American Society of Engineering Education FX P.E.D acknowledges the National Institutes of Health R01NS087070. V.P. acknowledges Ramon Areces foundation for their financial support. I.L.M. acknowledges DTRA and the NRL Nanosciences Institute for financial support. S.A.D. acknowledges an American Society of Engineering Education fellowship through NRL. NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 15 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD JUN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 6 BP 6090 EP 6099 DI 10.1021/acsnano.6b01682 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DQ1PU UT WOS:000378973700054 PM 27206058 ER PT J AU Ahmed, N Bello, P Bringsjord, S Clark, M Hayes, B Kolobov, A Miller, C Oliehoek, F Stein, F Spaan, M AF Ahmed, Nisar Bello, Paul Bringsjord, Selmer Clark, Micah Hayes, Bradley Kolobov, Andrey Miller, Christopher Oliehoek, Frans Stein, Frank Spaan, Matthijs TI The 2015 AAAI Fall Symposium Series Reports SO AI MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB This article contains the reports of the AI for Human-Robot Interaction, Cognitive Assistance in Government and Public Sector Applications, Deceptive and Counter-Deceptive Machines, Self-Confidence in Autonomous Systems, and Sequential Decision Making for Intelligent Agents symposia, which were held November 12-14, 2015 in Arlington, Virginia. C1 [Ahmed, Nisar] Univ Colorado, Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Bello, Paul] Naval Res Lab, Interact Syst Sect, Naval Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bringsjord, Selmer] Rensselaer AI & Reasoning Lab, New York, NY USA. [Clark, Micah] US Navy, Off Naval Res, Cognit Sci Artificial Intelligence & Human Robot, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Clark, Micah] Florida Inst Human & Machine Cognit IHMC, Ocala, FL USA. [Hayes, Bradley] MIT, Comp Sci & Artificial Intelligence Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kolobov, Andrey] Microsoft Res, Redmond, WA USA. [Miller, Christopher] SIFT, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Oliehoek, Frans] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Oliehoek, Frans] Univ Amsterdam, NL-1012 WX Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Stein, Frank] IBM Corp, Analyt Solut Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Spaan, Matthijs] Delft Univ Technol, Algorithm Grp, Delft, Netherlands. RP Ahmed, N (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ARTIFICIAL INTELL PI MENLO PK PA 445 BURGESS DRIVE, MENLO PK, CA 94025-3496 USA SN 0738-4602 J9 AI MAG JI AI Mag. PD SUM PY 2016 VL 37 IS 2 BP 85 EP 90 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA DP4LC UT WOS:000378466400009 ER PT J AU O'Hagan, S Northern, JH Gras, B Ewart, P Kim, CS Kim, M Merritt, CD Bewley, WW Canedy, CL Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR AF O'Hagan, S. Northern, J. H. Gras, B. Ewart, P. Kim, C. S. Kim, M. Merritt, C. D. Bewley, W. W. Canedy, C. L. Vurgaftman, I. Meyer, J. R. TI Multi-species sensing using multi-mode absorption spectroscopy with mid-infrared interband cascade lasers SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article ID FREQUENCY COMB; DIODE-LASER; TEMPERATURE; MUMAS; H2O; CO2 AB The application of an interband cascade laser, ICL, to multi-mode absorption spectroscopy, MUMAS, in the mid-infrared region is reported. Measurements of individual mode linewidths of the ICL, derived from the pressure dependence of lineshapes in MUMAS signatures of single, isolated, lines in the spectrum of HCl, were found to be in the range 10-80 MHz. Multi-line spectra of methane were recorded using spectrally limited bandwidths, of approximate width 27 cm(-1), defined by an interference filter, and consist of approximately 80 modes at spectral locations spanning the 100 cm-1 bandwidth of the ICL output. Calibration of the methane pressures derived from MUMAS data using a capacitance manometer provided measurements with an uncertainty of 1.1 %. Multi-species sensing is demonstrated by the simultaneous detection of methane, acetylene and formaldehyde in a gas mixture. Individual partial pressures of the three gases are derived from best fits of model MUMAS signatures to the data with an experimental error of 10 %. Using an ICL, with an inter-mode interval of similar to 10 GHz, MUMAS spectra were recorded at pressures in the range 1-10 mbar, and, based on the data, a potential minimum detection limit of the order of 100 ppmv is estimated for MUMAS at atmospheric pressure using an inter-mode interval of 80 GHz. C1 [O'Hagan, S.; Northern, J. H.; Ewart, P.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Gras, B.] Ecole Natl Super Ingenieurs CAEN, 6 Bd Marechal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France. [Kim, C. S.; Merritt, C. D.; Bewley, W. W.; Canedy, C. L.; Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.] Naval Res Lab, Code 5604, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kim, M.] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. RP Ewart, P (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. EM p.ewart@physics.ox.ac.uk FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK) [EP/K029460/1] FX This work was partly supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK) grant number EP/K029460/1. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-2171 EI 1432-0649 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 122 IS 6 AR 173 DI 10.1007/s00340-016-6377-0 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA DP8WP UT WOS:000378778900019 ER PT J AU Mi, GD Ma, BL Kleinman, N Li, ZJ Fuller, S Bulterys, M Hladik, W Wu, ZY AF Mi, Guodong Ma, Baoli Kleinman, Nora Li, Zhijun Fuller, Serena Bulterys, Marc Hladik, Wolfgang Wu, Zunyou TI Hidden and Mobile: A Web-based Study of Migration Patterns of Men Who Have Sex With Men in China SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE men who have sex with men; migration; HIV/AIDS; China ID TO-URBAN MIGRANTS; HIV; RISK; PREVALENCE AB Background. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are highly vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and more likely to migrate due to widespread stigma and discrimination in China. Their mobility complicates estimation of local MSM population sizes and the provision of HIV services, and may also contribute to the spread of HIV. Methods. Between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2012, the visits of all individuals to the largest Chinese MSM dating website were recorded. After a predesigned de-identification procedure by the website, we analyzed Internet Protocol addresses for migration patterns. Migrants were defined as individuals who were away from their registered residence for >6 months in the last 12 months. Results. The website contained data on 794 912 MSM eligible for the study, of which 34.5% were migrants. The median age was 26 years (range, 18-61 years), and 85.5% were unmarried. Compared with nonmigrant MSM, migrants were less likely to be married to a woman (8.6% vs 13.5%; P<.001). The 5 provinces with the highest migrant inflow ratios were Guangdong, Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, and Zhejiang. Eastern coastal cities were the primary destination of MSM from southwestern China. Conclusions. Preferential MSM migration may influence MSM population sizes in both originating and destination provinces, particularly for provinces with uneven inflow and outflow. MSM migration from southwestern China, which has the highest HIV prevalence in this population, to coastal cities with lower prevalence may have implications for the spread of the HIV epidemic as well as HIV care services. C1 [Mi, Guodong; Kleinman, Nora; Li, Zhijun; Fuller, Serena; Bulterys, Marc] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Global AIDS Program, China Off, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Mi, Guodong; Wu, Zunyou] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr AIDS STD Control & Prevent, 155 Changbai Rd, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. [Ma, Baoli] Blue Brother, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Kleinman, Nora; Fuller, Serena] Assoc Sch Publ Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Bulterys, Marc] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Hladik, Wolfgang] CDC, Div Global HIV & TB, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wu, ZY (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr AIDS STD Control & Prevent, 155 Changbai Rd, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. EM wuzy@263.net FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through a cooperative agreement from the Global AIDS Program of the US CDC, China Office (Beijing); NCAIDS/China CDC FX This study was supported in part by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through a cooperative agreement from the Global AIDS Program of the US CDC, China Office (Beijing). Further support was provided by the NCAIDS/China CDC. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 11 BP 1443 EP 1447 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw167 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DP3YX UT WOS:000378433400023 PM 27129466 ER PT J AU Dermer, CD Giebels, B AF Dermer, Charles Dennison Giebels, Berrie TI Active galactic nuclei at gamma-ray energies SO COMPTES RENDUS PHYSIQUE LA English DT Article DE Active galactic nuclei; Gamma rays; Supermassive black holes ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; FERMI-DETECTED BLAZARS; BL-LAC OBJECTS; EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO-SOURCES; QUASAR PKS 1510-089; 3C 454.3; BRIGHT BLAZARS; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; RELATIVISTIC JET; LACERTAE OBJECTS AB Active Galactic Nuclei can be copious extragalactic emitters of MeV-GeV-TeV gamma rays, a phenomenon linked to the presence of relativistic jets powered by a super-massive black hole in the center of the host galaxy. Most of gamma-ray emitting active galactic nuclei, with more than 1500 known at GeV energies, and more than 60 at TeV energies, are called "blazars". The standard blazar paradigm features a jet of relativistic magnetized plasma ejected from the neighborhood of a spinning and accreting super-massive black hole, close to the observer direction. Two classes of blazars are distinguished from observations: the flat-spectrum radio-quasar class (FSRQ) is characterized by strong external radiation fields, emission of broad optical lines, and dust tori. The BL Lac class (from the name of one of its members, BL Lacertae) corresponds to weaker advection-dominated flows with gamma-ray spectra dominated by the inverse Compton effect on synchrotron photons. This paradigm has been very successful for modeling the broadband spectral energy distributions of blazars. However, many fundamental issues remain, including the role of hadronic processes and the rapid variability of a few FSRQs and several BL Lac objects whose synchrotron spectrum peaks at UV or X-ray frequencies. A class of gamma-ray-emitting radio galaxies, which are thought to be the misaligned counterparts of blazars, has emerged from the results of the Fermi-Large Area Telescope and of ground-based Cherenkov telescopes. Soft gamma-ray emission has been detected from a few nearby Seyfert galaxies, though it is not clear whether those gamma rays originate from the nucleus. Blazars and their misaligned counterparts make up most of the greater than or similar to 100MeV extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGB), and are suspected of being the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. The future "Cherenkov Telescope Array", in synergy with the Fermi-Large Area Telescope and a wide range of telescopes in space and on the ground, will write the next chapter of blazar physics. (C) 2016 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Dermer, Charles Dennison] Naval Res Lab, Code 7653, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Giebels, Berrie] Univ Paris Saclay, Ecole Polytech, CNRS IN2P3, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. RP Dermer, CD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 7653, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM charlesdermer@outlook.com; Berrie.Giebels@CNRS.fr FU Chief of Naval Research FX We thank Dr. B. Lott, Dr. J. Finke, Dr. C.C. Cheung, and Dr. M. Ajello for discussions and correspondence, Dr. D. J. Thompson and Dr. F. Krauss for suggestions and corrections, Dr. A. Marscher for permission to reproduce Fig. 9, left, Dr. L. Fuhrmann for permission to reproduce Fig. 9, right, Dr. G. Fossati for permission to reproduce Fig. 10, left, and Dr. E. Meyer for permission to reproduce Fig. 10, center. The work of C.D.D. is supported by the Chief of Naval Research. NR 166 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1631-0705 EI 1878-1535 J9 CR PHYS JI C. R. Phys. PD JUN-JUL PY 2016 VL 17 IS 6 BP 594 EP 616 DI 10.1016/j.crhy.2016.04.004 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA DP6VJ UT WOS:000378637000003 ER PT J AU Chernyavskiy, IA Antonsen, TM Vlasov, AN Chernin, D Nguyen, KT Levush, B AF Chernyavskiy, Igor A. Antonsen, Thomas M., Jr. Vlasov, Alexander N. Chernin, David Nguyen, Khanh T. Levush, Baruch TI Large-Signal 2-D Modeling of Folded-Waveguide Traveling Wave Tubes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE Folded-waveguide (FW); large-signal simulation; transmission line model; traveling wave tube (TWT) ID CIRCUITS; OPTIMIZATION AB A new computationally efficient 2-D large-signal code TESLA-FW has been developed to model traveling wave tubes (TWTs) using folded (or serpentine) waveguide (FW) slow-wave structures. The code incorporates a recently published shunt-loaded transmission line model of the structure and takes advantage of a new time advance algorithm recently implemented in the code TESLA-CC. The new code has been applied to modeling G-band (220 GHz) serpentine and FW TWTs. Results compare very favorably with those obtained from the 3-D particle-in-cell (PIC) code MAGIC3D and with experimental data. Typical running times of TESLA-FW are 1-2 orders of magnitude less than those of 3-D PIC codes. C1 [Chernyavskiy, Igor A.; Vlasov, Alexander N.; Levush, Baruch] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Antonsen, Thomas M., Jr.; Chernin, David] Leidos Inc, Reston, VA 20190 USA. [Nguyen, Khanh T.] Beam Wave Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Chernyavskiy, IA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM igor.chernyavskiy@nrl.navy.mil; antonsen@eng.umd.edu; alexander.vlasov@nrl.navy.mil; david.p.chernin@leidos.com; knguyen.bwresearch@comcast.net; baruch.levush@nrl.navy.mil RI Antonsen, Thomas/D-8791-2017 OI Antonsen, Thomas/0000-0002-2362-2430 FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The review of this paper was arranged by Editor R. Carter. (Corresponding author: Igor A. Chernyavskiy.) NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9383 EI 1557-9646 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD JUN PY 2016 VL 63 IS 6 BP 2531 EP 2537 DI 10.1109/TED.2016.2555801 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA DP6FQ UT WOS:000378592800046 ER PT J AU Wilde, M Ciarcia, M Grompone, A Romano, M AF Wilde, Markus Ciarcia, Marco Grompone, Alessio Romano, Marcello TI Experimental Characterization of Inverse Dynamics Guidance in Docking with a Rotating Target SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED SPACECRAFT; PROXIMITY OPERATIONS; TUMBLING OBJECT; MANEUVERS; SYSTEMS AB The performance of an inverse dynamics guidance and control strategy is experimentally evaluated for the planar maneuver of a "chaser" spacecraft docking with a rotating "target." The experiments were conducted on an airbearing proximity maneuver testbed. The chaser spacecraft simulator consists of a three-degree-of-freedom autonomous vehicle floating via air pads on a granite table and actuated by thrusters. The target consists of a docking interface mounted on a rotational stage with the rotation axis perpendicular to the plane of motion. Given a preassigned trajectory, the guidance and control strategy computes the required maneuver control forces and torque via an inverse dynamics operation. The recorded data of 150 experimental test runs were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey tests. The metrics were maneuver success, vehicle mass change, maneuver duration, thruster duty cycle, and maneuver work. The results showed that the guidance and control algorithm provided robust performance over a range of target rotation rates from 1 to 4 deg /s. The effects of the rate estimation errors are measurable but not dominant. C1 [Wilde, Markus] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. [Wilde, Markus] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Melbourne, FL 32904 USA. [Ciarcia, Marco; Grompone, Alessio; Romano, Marcello] Naval Postgrad Sch, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. RP Wilde, M (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.; Wilde, M (reprint author), Florida Inst Technol, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Melbourne, FL 32904 USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0731-5090 EI 1533-3884 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 39 IS 6 BP 1173 EP 1187 DI 10.2514/1.G001631 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA DP6XF UT WOS:000378642400001 ER PT J AU Doig, G Bogdan, G Kabir, KR Snyder, MR AF Doig, Graham Bogdan, Goran Kabir, Kaveh R. Snyder, Murray R. TI Reducing transonic wind tunnel sting interference effects for concealed store release testing SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART G-JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Store release; CFD; wind tunnel; transonic; sting interference ID AERODYNAMICS; AEROFOIL AB Internal weapons bays are becoming increasingly common on aircraft for reasons of stealth and aerodynamic performance, and will be even more prevalent on coming generations of unmanned combat aerial vehicles (UCAVs). Wind tunnel testing of store releases to assess forces and moments for safety and clearance must be conducted with a store mounted to an angled strut rather than a conventional rear sting, to allow the full range of motion as the store "drops" from inside the aircraft. Interference from this strut can disrupt the flowfields and thus the reliability of moments obtained, and therefore an investigation was conducted to quantify the potential extent of discrepancies; original small-scale transonic wind tunnel testing was undertaken in a limited program which was supported by extensive numerical work. It was concluded that the precise geometry of the strut/store interface was of critical importance, with a typical design producing non-linear interference at high angles of attack. A simple improved design is proposed - making use of a blended interface and a more appropriate supercritical aerofoil strut cross section - yielding marked improvements in force and moment predictions. C1 [Doig, Graham] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Aerosp Engn, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. [Doig, Graham; Bogdan, Goran] UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Kabir, Kaveh R.] Macquarie Univ, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Snyder, Murray R.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. [Snyder, Murray R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Doig, G (reprint author), Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. EM grahamdoig@hotmail.com FU American Australian Association through QANTAS Airlines FX Many thanks are extended to Alex Cenko for providing significant continuing advice and background information during this work. Dr Doig's travel to the US Naval Academy was financed by the American Australian Association through a QANTAS Airlines-sponsored fellowship. The assistance of technical staff at the US Naval Academy is gladly acknowledged, particularly Rusty Foard, Fritz Woolford, George Burton and Matt Stanley. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0954-4100 EI 2041-3025 J9 P I MECH ENG G-J AER JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part G-J. Aerosp. Eng. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 230 IS 7 BP 1284 EP 1298 DI 10.1177/0954410015607551 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DP5XJ UT WOS:000378571200011 ER PT J AU Everton, SF AF Everton, Sean F. TI Social Networks and Religious Violence SO REVIEW OF RELIGIOUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Social networks; Religious radicalization; Religious violence; Terrorism ID RECRUITMENT; TIES; DYNAMICS; ACTIVISM; TRENDS AB The causes of religious violence have attracted numerous explanations in the years since the 9/11 attacks on the Pentagon and the World Trade Towers. However, most forms of religious extremism do not result in violence (e.g., the Amish, Hasidim, Jains) and religious groups have not cornered the market on egregious violence. Nevertheless, religious violence does occur, and this paper examines the interplay of social networks and religious violence. It builds on Cass Sunstein's "law of group polarization," which predicts that when like-minded people deliberate as an organized group, the general opinion shifts toward extreme versions of their common belief. It argues that internally dense religious groups that maintain few ties to the wider society are more likely to embrace extreme views and behavior than are those that are not as dense and/or remain tied to the wider society. The argument is then tested using social network analysis methodologies to examine the evolution of the Hamburg Cell, which played a critical role in the 9/11 terrorist attacks. It concludes with a series of policy recommendations that can limit but not eliminate religious extremism and violent behavior in the future. C1 [Everton, Sean F.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Everton, SF (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM sfeverto@nps.edu NR 90 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 19 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0034-673X EI 2211-4866 J9 REV RELIG RES JI Rev. Relig. Res. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 58 IS 2 BP 191 EP 217 DI 10.1007/s13644-015-0240-3 PG 27 WC Sociology; Religion SC Sociology; Religion GA DQ1DS UT WOS:000378942100001 ER PT J AU Li, WW Wang, Z Peng, MS AF Li, Weiwei Wang, Zhuo Peng, Melinda S. TI Evaluating Tropical Cyclone Forecasts from the NCEP Global Ensemble Forecasting System (GEFS) Reforecast Version 2 SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC; AFRICAN EASTERLY WAVES; EL-NINO; NONDEVELOPING DISTURBANCES; INTRASEASONAL VARIABILITY; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE; MULTIMODEL ENSEMBLE; HURRICANE ACTIVITY; ATMOSPHERIC MODEL AB Tropical cyclone (TC) forecasts from the NCEP Global Ensemble Forecasting System (GEFS) Reforecast version 2 (1985-2012) were evaluated from the climate perspective, with a focus on tropical cyclogenesis. Although the GEFS captures the climatological seasonality of tropical cyclogenesis over different ocean basins reasonably well, large errors exist on the regional scale. As different genesis pathways are dominant over different ocean basins, genesis biases are related to biases in different aspects of the large-scale or synoptic-scale circulations over different basins. The negative genesis biases over the western North Pacific are associated with a weaker-than-observed monsoon trough in the GEFS, the erroneous genesis pattern over the eastern North Pacific is related to a southward displacement of the ITCZ, and the positive genesis biases near the Cape Verde islands and negative biases farther downstream over the Atlantic can be attributed to the hyperactive Africa easterly waves in the GEFS. The interannual and subseasonal variability of TC activity in the reforecasts was also examined to evaluate the potential skill of the GEFS in providing subseasonal and seasonal predictions. The GEFS skillfully captures the interannual variability of TC activity over the North Pacific and the North Atlantic, which can be attributed to the modulation of TCs by the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Atlantic meridional mode (AMM). The GEFS shows promising skill in predicting the active and inactive periods of TC activity over the Atlantic. The skill, however, has large fluctuations from year to year. The analysis presented herein suggests possible impacts of ENSO, the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO), and the AMM on the TC subseasonal predictability. C1 [Li, Weiwei; Wang, Zhuo] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL USA. [Peng, Melinda S.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. RP Wang, Z (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, 105 S Gregory St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM zhuowang@illinois.edu FU NOAA's Research to Operations (R2O) Initiative; ONR's Unified Parameterization Department Research Initiative (DRI); NASA Earth Science MEaSUREs program FX The authors thank three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on the manuscript. This work is supported by NOAA's Research to Operations (R2O) Initiative and ONR's Unified Parameterization Department Research Initiative (DRI). The SSM/I and SSMIS data are produced by the Remote Sensing Systems and sponsored by the NASA Earth Science MEaSUREs program. The ERA-Interim data were provided by the Research Data Archive at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Computational and Information Systems Laboratory. NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 EI 1520-0434 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 31 IS 3 BP 895 EP 916 DI 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0176.1 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DP5HU UT WOS:000378527700011 ER PT J AU Halperin, DJ Fuelberg, HE Hart, RE Cossuth, JH AF Halperin, Daniel J. Fuelberg, Henry E. Hart, Robert E. Cossuth, Joshua H. TI Verification of Tropical Cyclone Genesis Forecasts from Global Numerical Models: Comparisons between the North Atlantic and Eastern North Pacific Basins SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION SYSTEM; MULTISCALE GEM MODEL; PART I; CYCLOGENESIS; CLIMATOLOGY; DESIGN AB Accurately forecasting tropical cyclone (TC) genesis is an important operational need, especially since the National Hurricane Center's Tropical Weather Outlook product has been extended from 2 to 5 days. A previous study by the coauthors verified North Atlantic TC genesis forecasts from five global models out to 4 days during 2004-11. This study expands on the previous research by 1) verifying TC genesis forecasts over both the Atlantic and eastern North Pacific basins, 2) extending the forecast window to 5 days, and 3) updating the analysis period through 2014. Verification statistics are presented and compared between the two basins. Probability of detection and critical success indices generally are greater over the eastern North Pacific basin compared to the North Atlantic. There is a trade-off between models that exhibit a greater probability of detection and a greater false alarm ratio, and models that exhibit a smaller false alarm ratio and a smaller probability of detection. Results also reveal that the models preferentially miss TCs over the North Atlantic (eastern North Pacific) that have a relatively small radius of the outer closed isobar (radius of maximum wind) at the forecast genesis time. Overall, global models have become a more reliable source of TC genesis guidance during the past few years compared to the early years in the dataset. C1 [Halperin, Daniel J.] SUNY Albany, Dept Atmospher & Environm Sci, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Fuelberg, Henry E.; Hart, Robert E.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Cossuth, Joshua H.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Halperin, DJ (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Dept Atmospher & Environm Sci, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222 USA. EM danieljhalperin@gmail.com FU NOAA [NA13OAR4590185] FX The authors thank Julian Heming of the Met Office for providing the archived UKMET model output and upgrade information. ECMWF output was obtained from the TIGGE archive (ECMWF portal). We thank the AMS anonymous reviewers for their constructive feedback. The authors benefited from discussions on this topic with Jeff Chagnon at FSU and Joint Hurricane Testbed NHC points of contact, Eric Blake, Todd Kimberlain, Chris Landsea, Craig Mattocks, and Richard Pasch. This research was supported by NOAA Grant NA13OAR4590185. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 EI 1520-0434 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 31 IS 3 BP 947 EP 955 DI 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0157.1 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DP5HU UT WOS:000378527700014 ER PT J AU Vianna, PG Grasseschi, D Costa, GKB Carvalho, ICS Domingues, SH Fontana, J de Matos, CJS AF Vianna, Pilar G. Grasseschi, Daniel Costa, Greice K. B. Carvalho, Isabel C. S. Domingues, Sergio H. Fontana, Jake de Matos, Christiano J. S. TI Graphene Oxide/Gold Nanorod Nanocomposite for Stable Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy SO ACS PHOTONICS LA English DT Article DE graphene oxide; gold nanorods; nanocomposite; SERS; blinking ID SINGLE-NANOPARTICLE SERS; GOLD NANORODS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SELECTION-RULES; MOLECULE; SCATTERING; DYNAMICS; SENSITIVITY; BLINKING; APPROXIMATION AB We introduce a graphene oxide/gold nanorod nano composite as a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate that suppresses the usual temporal intensity fluctuations, commonly referred to as blinking. The temporal stability of the SERS spectra from the nanocomposite is statistically determined using the coefficient of variation of the integrated spectra. We demonstrate that, by introducing graphene oxide, the coefficient of variation from the nanocomposite is five times smaller when compared to gold nanorods without graphene oxide, which is attributed to the removal of the nanorod's surfactant from plasmonic hot spots due to graphene oxide surfactant interaction. The resulting nanocomposite can, then, be used as a reliable substrate for precise SEAS chemical analysis. The nanocomposite is, therefore, analyzed as a SERS substrate for the detection of Rhodamine 640, providing a 4-fold stability improvement relative to gold nanorods without graphene oxide, while the dye's Raman signal is enhanced both by SERS and by resonant excitation. C1 [Vianna, Pilar G.; Grasseschi, Daniel; Domingues, Sergio H.; de Matos, Christiano J. S.] Univ Prebiteriana Mackenzie, MackGraphe Graphene & Nanomat Res Ctr, BR-01302907 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Costa, Greice K. B.; Carvalho, Isabel C. S.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Phys, BR-22451900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Costa, Greice K. B.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Photon & Instrumentat Lab, BR-21941598 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. [Fontana, Jake] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP de Matos, CJS (reprint author), Univ Prebiteriana Mackenzie, MackGraphe Graphene & Nanomat Res Ctr, BR-01302907 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM cjsdematos@mackenzie.br RI Carvalho, Isabel /C-4067-2013; OI Carvalho, Isabel /0000-0001-7898-4730; Costa, Greice/0000-0002-2714-1060; Grasseschi, Daniel/0000-0001-6066-0869 FU FAPESP [2012/50259-8, 2015/11779-4, 2015/10405-3]; CNPq [130068/2015-2]; MackPesquisa; Office of Naval Research Global [ONRG-NICOP-N62909-15-1-N016] FX This work is funded by FAPESP (SPEC Project 2012/50259-8 and Thematic Project 2015/11779-4), CNPq, and MackPesquisa. P.G.V. and D.G. were supported by CNPq (Grant No. 130068/2015-2) and FAPESP (Grant No. 2015/10405-3) scholarships, respectively. I.C.S.C., G.K.B.C., and J.F. acknowledge support by the Office of Naval Research Global under ONRG-NICOP-N62909-15-1-N016. We gratefully appreciate Prof. Henrique E. Toma collaboration on providing the CytoViva Hyperspectral Dark-Field Microscope. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 28 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2330-4022 J9 ACS PHOTONICS JI ACS Photonics PD JUN PY 2016 VL 3 IS 6 BP 1027 EP 1035 DI 10.1021/acsphotonics.6b00109 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA DP0QW UT WOS:000378195300017 ER PT J AU Hernandez, TD Brenner, LA Walter, KH Bormann, JE Johansson, B AF Hernandez, Theresa D. Brenner, Lisa A. Walter, Kristen H. Bormann, Jill E. Johansson, Birgitta TI Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) following traumatic brain injury (TBI): Opportunities and challenges SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Acupressure; Meditation; Mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR); Mantram; Traumatic brain injury; Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MANTRAM REPETITION PROGRAM; LARGE MILITARY COHORT; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; RELAXATION RESPONSE; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; TAI-CHI; POSTCONCUSSIVE SYMPTOMS AB Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is highly prevalent and occurs in a variety of populations. Because of the complexity of its sequelae, treatment strategies pose a challenge. Given this complexity, TBI provides a unique target of opportunity for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatments. The present review describes and discusses current opportunitites and challenges associated with CAM research and clinical applications in civilian, veteran and military service populations. In addition to a brief overview of CAM, the translational capacity from basic to clinical research to clinical practice will be described. Finally, a systematic approach to developing an adoptable evidence base, with proof of effectiveness based on the literature will be discussed. Inherent in this discussion will be the methodological and ethical challenges associated with CAM research in those with TBI and associated comorbidities, specifically in terms of how these challenges relate to practice and policy issues, implementation and dissemination. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI:Brain injury and recovery. (c) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hernandez, Theresa D.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Dept Psychol & Neurosci, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Hernandez, Theresa D.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Ctr Neurosci, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Hernandez, Theresa D.; Brenner, Lisa A.] Rocky Mt Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr MIREC, Dept Vet Affairs, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Brenner, Lisa A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Psychiat, Anschutz Med Campus, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Brenner, Lisa A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Anschutz Med Campus, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Brenner, Lisa A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Neurol, Anschutz Med Campus, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Walter, Kristen H.] Cincinnati VA Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Bormann, Jill E.] San Diego Healthcare Syst, Ctr Excellence Stress & Mental Hlth CESAMH, Dept Vet Affairs, La Jolla, CA USA. [Bormann, Jill E.] Univ San Diego, Hahn Sch Nursing & Hlth Sci, Beyster Inst Nursing Res, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. [Johansson, Birgitta] Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Neurosci & Physiol, Dept Clin Neurosci & Rehabil, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Walter, Kristen H.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Hlth & Behav Sci, San Diego, CA USA. RP Hernandez, TD (reprint author), Univ Colorado Boulder, Dept Psychol & Neurosci, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. EM Theresa.Hernandez@Colorado.edu FU Rocky Mountain MIRECC the VA San Diego Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH); Health & Medical Care Committee of the Vastra Gotaland Region; Swedish Stroke Association; Swedish Association for Survivors of Accident and Injury FX This work was in part supported by the Rocky Mountain MIRECC the VA San Diego Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH); The views and opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Veterans Affairs, Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the United States Government. The authors (TDH) would like to thank the University of Colorado Boulder Department of Psychology and Neuroscience administrative staff (Misiak). The authors (KHW) would also like to thank the staff of the Trauma Recovery Center at the Cincinnati VA Medical Center and the military veterans who receive care at the clinic. This work was supported by grants (to BJ) from The Health & Medical Care Committee of the Vastra Gotaland Region, The Swedish Stroke Association, and The Swedish Association for Survivors of Accident and Injury. NR 146 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 EI 1872-6240 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 1640 SI SI BP 139 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.01.025 PN A PG 13 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA DP4DY UT WOS:000378447600011 PM 26806403 ER PT J AU Mulrennan, JA AF Mulrennan, John A., Jr. TI John A. Mulrennan, Sr.: an entomology pioneer of Florida SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Mulrennan, John A., Jr.] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. EM mulrennan9@comcast.net NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 99 IS 2 BP 337 EP 342 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DP0FI UT WOS:000378163800036 ER PT J AU Sletten, MA Brozena, J AF Sletten, Mark A. Brozena, John TI FOPEN Target Detection via Joint Space/Angle Variation SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Foliage penetration; synthetic aperture radar ID FOLIAGE PENETRATION EXPERIMENT; WIDE-BAND SAR; IMAGERY AB This letter demonstrates the detection of a man-made structure hidden beneath a forest canopy through exploitation of the joint spatial/aspect-angle variation exhibited by the structure's ultrahigh-resolution synthetic aperture radar signature. The variation produced by the structure alone is first determined from the signature of an unobscured copy of the target, and then, the correlation between this reference signature and that produced by the forested area is used to indicate the presence of additional hidden copies. The method essentially searches for spatially varying glint patterns that match the known patterns generated by the target. The algorithm is significantly more selective against tree trunks than using glints alone, without regard to their spatial variation. C1 [Sletten, Mark A.; Brozena, John] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sletten, MA (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mark.sletten@nrl.navy.mil; john.brozena@nrl.navy.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1545-598X EI 1558-0571 J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 13 IS 6 BP 762 EP 766 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2016.2542045 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA DP1PE UT WOS:000378261100004 ER PT J AU Manosalva, RE Dyckman, D Melzer, JM AF Manosalva, Rodolfo E. Dyckman, Damian Melzer, Jonathan M. TI Delayed Facial Nerve Palsy After Open Reduction of an Isolated Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fracture SO JOURNAL OF CRANIOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Buccal branch; facial nerve paralysis; midface fracture; zygoma fracture ID SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT; MANDIBULAR FRACTURE AB Facial nerve paralysis is a devastating complication which can occur after a variety of otolaryngic procedures, including facial trauma repair. The frontal and marginal branches are most often placed at risk. However, facial nerve paralysis is not typically described as a risk in most uncomplicated facial trauma repairs of the zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC). In particular, buccal branch injury has not been described in a delayed setting following repair of the ZMC. The authors present a patient of delayed buccal branch paralysis following a simple ZMC repair which has not been previously reported. The diagnosis, clinical course, and management strategies for delayed facial nerve paralysis in the setting of a ZMC repair are discussed. This rare complication after facial trauma repair should be discussed with patients as a possible complication. C1 [Manosalva, Rodolfo E.; Melzer, Jonathan M.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Dyckman, Damian] 3d MAW Deputy Wing Surg, MAG Flight Surg 11, F MCAS Miramar, Marine Wing Headquarters Squadron 3, San Diego, CA USA. RP Melzer, JM (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM jonathan.m.melzer.mil@mail.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1049-2275 EI 1536-3732 J9 J CRANIOFAC SURG JI J. Craniofac. Surg. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 27 IS 4 BP E392 EP E394 DI 10.1097/SCS.0000000000002666 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA DO9FA UT WOS:000378088800027 PM 27213738 ER PT J AU Russell, JA AF Russell, James A. TI SAUDI ARABIA: THE STRATEGIC DIMENSIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL INSECURITY SO MIDDLE EAST POLICY LA English DT Article C1 [Russell, James A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Russell, JA (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1061-1924 EI 1475-4967 J9 MIDDLE EAST POLICY JI Middle East Policy PD SUM PY 2016 VL 23 IS 2 BP 44 EP 58 DI 10.1111/mepo.12194 PG 15 WC Area Studies; International Relations SC Area Studies; International Relations GA DO9VI UT WOS:000378135700004 ER PT J AU Hawxhurst, KL Westerberg, JM Woertz, JC AF Hawxhurst, K. L. Westerberg, J. M. Woertz, J. C. TI The characterization of HG10MNN and an evaluation of suitability for use in naval applications SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-Nuclear-Society Student Conference CY 2015 CL Texas A & M Univ, College Station, TX SP Amer Nucl Soc HO Texas A & M Univ AB An initial mechanical evaluation and standard material characterization were conducted for the stainless steel alloy HG10MNN in order to evaluate its use in naval and marine applications. HG10MNN is a newly developed stainless steel designed for improved resistance to mechanical and thermal fatigue. This material could eventually replace the Nickel-Aluminum-Bronze (NAB) currently used in many naval propulsion systems, however, additional testing is required to validate the alloy's performance characteristics. Although stainless steels are commonly used in marine applications, there is insufficient HG10MNN documentation to permit its use in naval ship design. This investigation also involved an evaluation of castability and machinability to determine whether the material could be formed into the complex shapes required in a modern naval construction. Initial results showed that the alloy exhibits a fully austenitic microstructure in the as-cast condition, while maintaining acceptable mechanical properties and superior castability as compared to NAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hawxhurst, K. L.; Westerberg, J. M.; Woertz, J. C.] US Naval Acad, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. RP Woertz, JC (reprint author), US Naval Acad, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. EM m166918@usna.edu; woertz@usna.edu NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 EI 1872-759X J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 302 BP 90 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2016.02.037 PN B PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA DP0WV UT WOS:000378212500004 ER PT J AU Yin, KZ Zhou, Z Schuele, DE Wolak, M Zhu, L Baer, E AF Yin, Kezhen Zhou, Zheng Schuele, Donald E. Wolak, Mason Zhu, Lei Baer, Eric TI Effects of Interphase Modification and Biaxial Orientation on Dielectric Properties of Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Multilayer Films SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE multilayer polymer films; dielectric properties; poly(ethylene terephthalate); poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene); poly(methyl methacrylate) ID HIGH-ENERGY DENSITY; POLY(VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE); FERROELECTRIC PROPERTIES; POLYMER; TEMPERATURE; BREAKDOWN; BEHAVIOR; PHASE; CRYSTALLIZATION; NANOCONFINEMENT AB Recently, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based multilayer films have demonstrated enhanced dielectric properties, combining high energy density and high dielectric breakdown strength from the component polymers. In this work, further enhanced dielectric properties were achieved through interface/interphase modulation and biaxial orientation for the poly(ethylene terephthalate)/poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) [PET/PMMA/P(VDF-HFP)] three-component multilayer films. Because PMMA is miscible with P(VDF-HFP) and compatible with PET, the interfacial adhesion between PET and P(VDF-HFP) layers should be improved. Biaxial stretching of the as-extruded multilayer films induced formation of highly oriented fibrillar crystals in both P(VDF-HFP) and PET, resulting in improved dielectric properties with respect to the unstretched films. First, the parallel orientation of PVDF crystals reduced the dielectric kiss from the alpha(c) relaxation in alpha crystals. Second, biaxial stretching constrained the amorphous phase in P(VDF-HFP) and thus the migrational loss from impurity ions was reduced. Third, biaxial stretching induced a significant amount of rigid amorphous phase in PET, further enhancing the breakdown strength of multilayer films. Due to the synergistic effects of improved interfacial adhesion and biaxial orientation, the PET/PMMA/P(VDF-HFP) 65-layer films with 8 vol % PMMA exhibited optimal dielectric properties with an energy density of 17.4 J/cm(3) at breakdown and the lowest dielectric loss. These three-component multilayer films are promising for future high-energy-density film capacitor applications. C1 [Yin, Kezhen; Zhou, Zheng; Zhu, Lei; Baer, Eric] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Layered Polymer Syst CLiPS, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Yin, Kezhen; Zhou, Zheng; Zhu, Lei; Baer, Eric] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Schuele, Donald E.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Wolak, Mason] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zhu, L; Baer, E (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Layered Polymer Syst CLiPS, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.; Zhu, L; Baer, E (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM lxz121@case.edu; exb6@case.edu RI Zhu, Lei/C-8754-2013 OI Zhu, Lei/0000-0001-6570-9123 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) Science and Technology Center, Center for Layered Polymeric Systems [DMR-0423914]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-1-0251, N00014-14-1-0534, N00014-16-1-2170] FX This work is supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) Science and Technology Center, Center for Layered Polymeric Systems (DMR-0423914), and Office of Naval Research (N00014-11-1-0251, N00014-14-1-0534, and N00014-16-1-2170). NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 18 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 8 IS 21 BP 13555 EP 13566 DI 10.1021/acsami.6b01287 PG 12 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DN5ZM UT WOS:000377150400043 PM 27163929 ER PT J AU Hamersley, ERS Barrows, A Perez, A Schroeder, A Castle, JT AF Hamersley, Erin R. S. Barrows, Amy Perez, Angel Schroeder, Ashley Castle, James T. TI Malignant Vagal Paraganglioma SO HEAD & NECK PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Paraganglioma; Carotid body tumor; Malignant paraganglioma ID GENETICS AB Paragangliomas are rare, typically benign neuroendocrine tumors that represent a small portion of head and neck tumors. A small percentage of these are known to have malignant potential. They arise from the carotid body, jugular bulb or vagus nerves. There is limited literature discussing the management of malignant vagal paragangliomas. We present a case of a 25 year old female with a left malignant vagal paraganglioma. The following case presentation will describe the presentation, classic radiologic findings, and management of a malignant vagal paraganglioma along with a review of the literature. C1 [Hamersley, Erin R. S.; Barrows, Amy; Perez, Angel; Schroeder, Ashley] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Otolaryngol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Hamersley, Erin R. S.] 3204 Joplin Lane, Chesapeake, VA 23323 USA. [Castle, James T.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Anat Pathol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Hamersley, ERS (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Otolaryngol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.; Hamersley, ERS (reprint author), 3204 Joplin Lane, Chesapeake, VA 23323 USA. EM erinspadaro@gmail.com NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1936-055X EI 1936-0568 J9 HEAD NECK PATHOL JI Head Neck Pathol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 2 BP 201 EP 205 DI 10.1007/s12105-015-0621-5 PG 5 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA DO6KJ UT WOS:000377891800013 PM 25712400 ER PT J AU Winters, JR Davis, BL Melzer, JM AF Winters, Jessica R. Davis, Bennett L. Melzer, Jonathan M. TI A Recurrent, Slow-Growing Retropharyngeal Lesion SO JAMA OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material ID EPITHELIAL ADENOMATOID HAMARTOMAS C1 [Winters, Jessica R.; Melzer, Jonathan M.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Cir, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Davis, Bennett L.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Radiol, 620 John Paul Jones Cir, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Winters, JR (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Cir, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM jessica.r.winters2.mil@mail.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6181 EI 2168-619X J9 JAMA OTOLARYNGOL JI JAMA Otolaryngol-Head Neck Surg. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 142 IS 6 BP 599 EP 600 DI 10.1001/jamaoto.2016.0265 PG 2 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA DO6ZU UT WOS:000377932800015 PM 27078497 ER PT J AU Hawley, LA Auten, J Clark, R AF Hawley, Lesley Anne Auten, J. Clark, R. TI Untitled SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Hawley, Lesley Anne; Auten, J.; Clark, R.] US Navy, Washington, DC 20350 USA. RP Hawley, LA (reprint author), US Navy, Washington, DC 20350 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0736-4679 EI 1090-1280 J9 J EMERG MED JI J. Emerg. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 50 IS 6 BP 895 EP 895 DI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2015.11.039 PG 1 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA DO7VF UT WOS:000377990400015 PM 27221018 ER PT J AU Thomson, J Schwendeman, MS Zippel, SF Moghimi, S Gemmrich, J Rogers, WE AF Thomson, Jim Schwendeman, Michael S. Zippel, Seth F. Moghimi, Saeed Gemmrich, Johannes Rogers, W. Erick TI Wave-Breaking Turbulence in the Ocean Surface Layer SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Circulation; Dynamics; Turbulence; Wave breaking; Waves; oceanic; Wind waves; Atm; Ocean Structure; Phenomena; Atmosphere-ocean interaction; Sea state ID GENERATED GRAVITY-WAVES; EQUILIBRIUM RANGE; ENERGY-DISSIPATION; WIND STRESS; SPECTRUM; MODEL; SEA AB Observations of winds, waves, and turbulence at the ocean surface are compared with several analytic formulations and a numerical model for the input of turbulent kinetic energy by wave breaking and the subsequent dissipation. The observations are generally consistent with all of the formulations, although some differences are notable at winds greater than 15 m s(-1). The depth dependence of the turbulent dissipation rate beneath the waves is fit to a decay scale, which is sensitive to the choice of vertical reference frame. In the surface-following reference frame, the strongest turbulence is isolated within a shallow region of depths much less than one significant wave height. In a fixed reference frame, the strong turbulence penetrates to depths that are at least half of the significant wave height. This occurs because the turbulence of individual breakers persists longer than the dominant period of the waves and thus the strong surface turbulence is carried from crest to trough with the wave orbital motion. C1 [Thomson, Jim; Schwendeman, Michael S.; Zippel, Seth F.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, 1013 NE 40th St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Moghimi, Saeed] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gemmrich, Johannes] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Rogers, W. Erick] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Thomson, J (reprint author), Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, 1013 NE 40th St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. EM jthomson@apl.washington.edu OI Schwendeman, Michael/0000-0001-8532-9750; Zippel, Seth/0000-0002-6287-9896 FU National Science Foundation [OCE-1332719]; Office of Naval Research through an NRL Core Project [0602435N] FX Joe Talbert, Alex de Klerk, Adam Brown, and Jarett Goldsmith assisted in all aspects of data collection, including development and improvements for the SWIFT platform. The captain and crew of the R/V T. G. Thompson provide excellent logistical and deployment support. Eric D'Asaro provided many helpful comments on the manuscript, as did two anonymous reviewers. Funding for JT, MS, and SZ was provided by the National Science Foundation (OCE-1332719). Funding for ER was provided by the Office of Naval Research through an NRL Core Project (Program Element 0602435N). The SWIFT wave, wind, and turbulence data are available online (at www.apl.uw.edu/swift) by serial number. The waverider spectra are available as station 166 from the Coastal Data Information Program (CDIP) at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography or the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) as station 46246. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 EI 1520-0485 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 46 IS 6 BP 1857 EP 1870 DI 10.1175/JPO-D-15-0130.1 PG 14 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DO7WG UT WOS:000377993100003 ER PT J AU Drake, LL Gibson, J Smith, ML Farooq, M Sallam, MF Xue, RD AF Drake, Lisa L. Gibson, Jennifer Smith, Michael L. Farooq, Muhammad Sallam, Mohamed F. Xue, Rui-De TI EVALUATION OF DELTAGARD (R) GROUND APPLICATION AGAINST AEDES ALBOPICTUS IN A RESIDENTIAL AREA IN ST. AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Aedes albopictus; deltamethrin; pyrethroid; ultra-low volume ID DIPTERA-CULICIDAE; MOSQUITOS; EFFICACY; VIRUS AB Aedes albopictus is an invasive species that poses a health threat in many residential neighborhoods throughout Florida. Aedes albopictus is a high priority for mosquito control efforts in the state. The efficacy of DeltaGard (R) (AI 2% deltamethrin) application against Ae. albopictus was evaluated in a residential area in St. Augustine, FL. DeltaGard was applied using a truck-mounted ultra-low-volume aerosol generator along 3 streets in a residential neighborhood. Caged mosquito mortality and droplet density data were recorded. Leaf clippings from houses on treated streets were bioassayed against laboratory-reared Ae. albopictus. Overall, the DeltaGard application was found to be more effective in the front yard of the houses, resulting in 78.3% mortality in caged mosquitoes, 42 % mortality in leaf bioassays, and 50.5 nl/cc in spray density. Based on the amount of vegetation and residential barriers around the houses, the application caused only 46.3% mortality in caged mosquitoes, 7.5% mortality in leaf bioassays, and 5.4 nl/cc in spray density in the back yard sites. C1 [Drake, Lisa L.; Gibson, Jennifer; Smith, Michael L.; Xue, Rui-De] Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, 120 EOC Dr, St Augustine, FL 32092 USA. [Farooq, Muhammad] Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Naval Air Stn, Box 43,Bldg 937, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. [Sallam, Mohamed F.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Sallam, Mohamed F.] Ain Shams Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Entomol, Cairo 11566, Egypt. RP Xue, RD (reprint author), Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, 120 EOC Dr, St Augustine, FL 32092 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 32 IS 2 BP 160 EP 162 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DO3YD UT WOS:000377717700012 PM 27280356 ER PT J AU Bitner-Gregersen, EM Dong, S Fu, T Ma, N Maisondieu, C Miyake, R Rychlik, I AF Bitner-Gregersen, Elzbieta M. Dong, Sheng Fu, Thomas Ma, Ning Maisondieu, Christophe Miyake, Ryuji Rychlik, Igor TI Sea state conditions for marine structures' analysis and model tests SO OCEAN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Uncertainties; Wave data and models; Design and operations of marine structures ID SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT; GENERATED GRAVITY-WAVES; ROGUE WAVES; EQUILIBRIUM RANGE; COASTAL OCEAN; SPECTRUM; SHIP; WIND; BAND; PROBABILITY AB The study reviews, based on the state-of-the-art findings, some uncertainties associated with wave data and models currently used in design and operation procedures of ship and offshore structures. Although the same basic principles prevail for hydrodynamic loads on ships and offshore structures, actual problems and methods for assessing these loads in the design and operation stage are not the same. Different wave data and models are used for specifying design and operational criteria for these two types of platforms and different uncertainties are related to them. Wave data and models used to define sea state characteristics are discussed and particular attention is given to the associated sources of uncertainties. Some weaknesses of wave input used in design and operational procedures for marine structures are pointed out. Focus is also given on uncertainties related to model tests as tank testing is an important supporting tool for design and operation. Impact of some selected uncertainties on wave description and wave loads is demonstrated by examples. (c) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bitner-Gregersen, Elzbieta M.] DNV GL Strateg Res & Innovat, N-1322 Hovik, Norway. [Dong, Sheng] Ocean Univ China, Qingdao, Peoples R China. [Fu, Thomas] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. [Ma, Ning] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Maisondieu, Christophe] IFREMER, Brest, France. [Miyake, Ryuji] ClassNK, Tokyo, Japan. [Rychlik, Igor] Chalmers, Dept Math Sci, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Bitner-Gregersen, EM (reprint author), DNV GL Strateg Res & Innovat, N-1322 Hovik, Norway. EM elzbieta.bitner-gregersen@dnvgl.com OI Maisondieu, Christophe/0000-0001-9883-5257 NR 135 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0029-8018 J9 OCEAN ENG JI Ocean Eng. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 119 BP 309 EP 322 DI 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.03.024 PG 14 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA DO4BM UT WOS:000377726800024 ER PT J AU Deneva, JS Ray, PS Camilo, F Halpern, JP Wood, K Cromartie, HT Ferrara, E Kerr, M Ransom, SM Wolff, MT Chambers, KC Magnier, EA AF Deneva, J. S. Ray, P. S. Camilo, F. Halpern, J. P. Wood, K. Cromartie, H. T. Ferrara, E. Kerr, M. Ransom, S. M. Wolff, M. T. Chambers, K. C. Magnier, E. A. TI MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF THE REDBACK MILLISECOND PULSAR J1048+2339 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pulsars: general; pulsars: individual (J1048+2339); stars: neutron ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; GAMMA-RAY PULSARS; OPTICAL COUNTERPARTS; PSR J2129-0429; DATA RELEASE; TIME-SERIES; SKY SURVEY; BINARY; CATALOG; J1023+0038 AB We report on radio timing and multiwavelength observations of the 4.66 ms redback pulsar J1048+2339, which was discovered in an Arecibo search targeting the Fermi-Large Area Telescope source 3FGL J1048.6+2338. Two years of timing allowed us to derive precise astrometric and orbital parameters for the pulsar. PSR J1048+2339 is in a 6 hr binary and exhibits radio eclipses over half the orbital period and rapid orbital period variations. The companion has a minimum mass of 0.3 M-circle dot, and we have identified a V similar to 20 variable optical counterpart in data from several surveys. The phasing of its similar to 1 mag modulation at the orbital period suggests highly efficient and asymmetric heating by the pulsar wind, which may be due to an intrabinary shock that is distorted near the companion, or to the companion's magnetic field channeling the pulsar wind to specific locations on its surface. We also present gamma-ray spectral analysis of the source and preliminary results from searches for gamma-ray pulsations using the radio ephemeris. C1 [Deneva, J. S.] Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ray, P. S.; Wood, K.; Wolff, M. T.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Camilo, F.; Halpern, J. P.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Camilo, F.] SKA South Africa, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. [Cromartie, H. T.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Ferrara, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Kerr, M.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Marsfield, NSW 2122, Australia. [Chambers, K. C.; Magnier, E. A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Deneva, JS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Kerr, Matthew/0000-0002-0893-4073; Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 FU Fermi Guest Investigator grant; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Science Mission Directorate Near-Earth Objects Observations Program [NNG05GF22G]; U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-0909182]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate [NNX08AR22G]; National Science Foundation [AST-1238877] FX JSD was supported by the Chief of Naval Research and a Fermi Guest Investigator grant. The Arecibo Observatory is operated by SRI International under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (AST-1100968), and in alliance with Ana G. Mendez-Universidad Metropolitana, and the Universities Space Research Association. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.; The CSS survey is funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNG05GF22G issued through the Science Mission Directorate Near-Earth Objects Observations Program. The CRTS survey is supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under grant AST-0909182. The Pan-STARRS Surveys (PS1) have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, and Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE) and the Los Alamos National Laboratory. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 823 IS 2 AR 105 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/823/2/105 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DN9OV UT WOS:000377410000036 ER PT J AU Randall, SW Clarke, TE van Weeren, RJ Intema, HT Dawson, WA Mroczkowski, T Blanton, EL Bulbul, E Giacintucci, S AF Randall, S. W. Clarke, T. E. van Weeren, R. J. Intema, H. T. Dawson, W. A. Mroczkowski, T. Blanton, E. L. Bulbul, E. Giacintucci, S. TI MULTI-WAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF THE DISSOCIATIVE MERGER IN THE GALAXY CLUSTER CIZA J0107.7+5408 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dark matter; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: individual (CIZA J0107.7+5408); galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; INTERACTION CROSS-SECTION; DIFFUSE RADIO-EMISSION; DARK-MATTER; SHOCK-WAVES; CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS; COMA CLUSTER; DATA RELEASE; MILKY-WAY; ACCELERATION AB We present results based on X-ray, optical, and radio observations of the massive galaxy cluster CIZA J0107.7+5408. We find that this system is a post-core-passage, dissociative, binary merger, with the optical galaxy density peaks of each subcluster leading their associated X-ray emission peaks. This separation occurs because the diffuse gas experiences ram pressure forces, while the effectively collisionless galaxies (and presumably their associated dark matter (DM) halos) do not. This system contains double-peaked diffuse radio emission,. possibly a double radio relic with the relics lying along the merger axis and also leading the X-ray cores. We find evidence for a temperature peak associated with the SW relic, likely created by the same merger shock that is powering the relic radio emission in this region. Thus, this system is a relatively rare, clean example of a dissociative binary merger, which can in principle be used to place constraints on the self-interaction cross-section of DM. Low-frequency radio observations reveal ultra-steep spectrum diffuse radio emission that is not correlated with the X-ray, optical, or high-frequency radio emission. We suggest that these sources are radio phoenixes, which are preexisting nonthermal particle populations that have been re-energized through adiabatic compression by the same merger shocks that power the radio relics. Finally, we place upper limits on inverse Compton emission from the SW radio relic. C1 [Randall, S. W.; van Weeren, R. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Clarke, T. E.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 7213, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Intema, H. T.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, 1003 Lopezville Rd, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Dawson, W. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Mroczkowski, T.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Blanton, E. L.] Boston Univ, Dept Astron, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Blanton, E. L.] Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bulbul, E.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Giacintucci, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Randall, SW (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM srandall@cfa.harvard.edu RI Intema, Huib/D-1438-2012; OI Intema, Huib/0000-0002-5880-2730; Mroczkowski, Tony/0000-0003-3816-5372; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660 FU Chandra X-ray Center through NASA [NAS8-03060]; Smithsonian Institution; Chandra X-ray Observatory grant [GO3-14134X] FX Support for this work was partially provided by the Chandra X-ray Center through NASA contract NAS8-03060, the Smithsonian Institution, and by the Chandra X-ray Observatory grant GO3-14134X. Basic research in radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 Base funding. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the staff of the GMRT who have made these GMRT observations possible. GMRT is run by the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. We thank Dale Kocevski for providing spectroscopic redshifts for the BCGs and Paul Nulsen for useful discussions. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 823 IS 2 AR 94 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/823/2/94 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DN9OV UT WOS:000377410000025 ER PT J AU Wang, S Mohan, S Dreizin, EL AF Wang, Song Mohan, Salil Dreizin, Edward L. TI Effect of flow conditions on burn rates of metal particles SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Metal combustion; Particle combustion; Laser ignition; Burn time ID ALUMINUM PARTICLES; MG POWDERS; COMBUSTION; TITANIUM; AIR; ENVIRONMENTS; IGNITION; FLAME; TIME AB Micron-sized aluminum and titanium powder particles were carried by an air flow into a focal point of a CO2 laser beam, where they were ignited. The ignited particles continued to burn in room temperature air. The air flow pattern was varied in different experiments to produce both laminar and turbulent flow conditions. The flow pattern was described using a computational fluid dynamics model; characteristics of the turbulent flow were established and correlated with the particle combustion characteristics. Particle burn times and temperatures were measured optically. Effect of turbulent flow conditions was observed on combustion characteristics for both aluminum and titanium powders. For both powders, luminous combustion streaks became shorter. For aluminum, the brightness of the streak and the optically measured temperature were also substantially reduced in the turbulent flow conditions. For titanium, reduction in both streak brightness and temperature were minor for different flow conditions. The burn rates of aluminum were observed to increase more than 4 times in the turbulent flows compared to the burn rates measured for the same powder in laminar flow. For titanium, the burn rates in turbulent flows were approximately twice as fast as in the laminar flow. Simple empirical correlations are proposed for both metals enabling one to predict the increase in the metal particle mass burn rate for turbulent flow conditions taking into account the particle size and such flow characteristics as Kolmogorov length scale and average kinetic energy. (C) 2016 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Song; Dreizin, Edward L.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Mohan, Salil] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Dreizin, EL (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. EM dreizin@njit.edu OI Dreizin, Edward/0000-0003-0859-0984 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-14-1-0024] FX This work was supported by Drs. S. Peiris and D.A. Dalton of Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Grant HDTRA1-14-1-0024. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JUN PY 2016 VL 168 BP 10 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.03.014 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DN5YZ UT WOS:000377148900002 ER PT J AU Denning, PJ AF Denning, Peter J. TI How to Produce Innovations SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Denning, Peter J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Denning, Peter J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.; Denning, PJ (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pjd@nps.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0001-0782 EI 1557-7317 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD JUN PY 2016 VL 59 IS 6 BP 28 EP 30 DI 10.1145/2909883 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA DN7ZY UT WOS:000377299900015 ER PT J AU Kim, SB Ouellette, JD van Zyl, JJ Johnson, JT AF Kim, Seung-Bum Ouellette, Jeffrey D. van Zyl, Jakob J. Johnson, Joel T. TI Detection of Inland Open Water Surfaces Using Dual Polarization L-Band Radar for the Soil Moisture Active Passive Mission SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Classification; synthetic aperture radar (SAR); water detection ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; ENVISAT ASAR; SATELLITE; SAR; RETRIEVAL; DYNAMICS; IMAGERY; MASK AB A dual-copolarization algorithm to classify inland open water bodies free of flooded vegetation using an L-band radar is presented and evaluated, with a view to applying the method to the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission for hydrological science and soil moisture retrieval applications. Past radar-based water body detection algorithms have applied a threshold to a single-polarization measurement, with water body detection declared if the observed cross section is less than the specified threshold. However, such methods are subject to ambiguities associated with scene variability and terrain slopes, making a universal threshold value difficult to derive and complicating the global application of such methods. Because SMAP will provide measurements in both HH and VV polarizations, the copolarization ratio is also available for water body detection. A threshold of -3 dB applied to the HH/VV polarization ratio is found effective in detecting water bodies at 40. incidence angle based on analysis of theoretical model predictions and measurements from airborne synthetic aperture radar and the spaceborne Aquarius scatterometer. When the water surface is calm and its radar response is very small (i.e., at the radar thermal noise level), the HH/VV ratio method fails. However, a combination of an HH/VV threshold (at -3 dB) and an HH threshold (at -25 dB) is shown to allow water body classification even in this situation. This proposed "combined" algorithm is assessed in four different geophysical scenarios. The resulting water body detection error is shown to be less than 10% for these cases, which satisfies SMAP requirements to allow accurate soilmoisture retrieval, and the corresponding false alarm rate is smaller than 2%. The robustness of the proposed approach to subpixel heterogeneity has been also investigated. The performance of the algorithm remains sensitive to the noise level of the radar observations: for SMAP, a radar noise-equivalent sigma0 of -28.5 dB or less is required in order to facilitate acceptable performance. C1 [Kim, Seung-Bum; van Zyl, Jakob J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Ouellette, Jeffrey D.; Johnson, Joel T.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Ouellette, Jeffrey D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kim, SB (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) FX The authors would like to thank Dr. D. Entekhabi, Dr. S. Chan, Dr. R. West, and Dr. R. Brakenridge for the very helpful discussions and Dr. T. Jackson for the support. The UAVSAR data were collected by various research projects funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). This research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA, under a contract with NASA. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 EI 1558-0644 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JUN PY 2016 VL 54 IS 6 BP 3388 EP 3399 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2016.2517010 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA DO0OB UT WOS:000377477100023 ER PT J AU Curry, WH Pintar, FA Doan, NB Nguyen, HS Eckardt, G Baisden, JL Maiman, DJ Paskoff, GR Shender, BS Stemper, BD AF Curry, William H. Pintar, Frank A. Doan, Ninh B. Ha Son Nguyen Eckardt, Gerald Baisden, Jamie L. Maiman, Dennis J. Paskoff, Glenn R. Shender, Barry S. Stemper, Brian D. TI Lumbar spine endplate fractures: Biomechanical evaluation and clinical considerations through experimental induction of injury SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE biomechanics; compression; trauma; lordosis ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; INTERVERTEBRAL DISC DEGENERATION; ADJACENT SEGMENT DEGENERATION; COMPRESSION FRACTURES; SAGITTAL BALANCE; INTERBODY FUSION; VERTEBRAL BODIES; IN-VITRO; SPONDYLOLISTHESIS; POSTERIOR AB Lumbar endplate fractures were investigated in different experimental scenarios, however the biomechanical effect of segmental alignment was not outlined. The objectives of this study were to quantify effects of spinal orientation on lumbar spine injuries during single-cycle compressive loads and understand lumbar spine endplate injury tolerance. Twenty lumbar motion segments were compressed to failure. Two methods were used in the preparation of the lumbar motion segments. Group 1 (n=7) preparation maintained pre-test sagittal lordosis, whereas Group 2 (n=13) specimens had a free-rotational end condition for the cranial vertebra, allowing sagittal rotation of the cranial vertebra to create parallel endplates. Five Group 1 specimens experienced posterior vertebral body fracture prior to endplate fracture, whereas two sustained endplate fracture only. Group 2 specimens sustained isolated endplate fractures. Group 2 fractures occurred at approximately 41% of the axial force required for Group 1 fracture (p<0.05). Imaging and specimen dissection indicate endplate injury consistently took place within the confines of the endplate boundaries, away from the vertebral periphery. These findings indicate that spinal alignment during compressive loading influences the resulting injury pattern. This investigation identified the specific mechanical conditions under which an endplate breach will take place. Development of endplate injuries has significant clinical implication as previous research identified internal disc disruption (IDD) and degenerative disc disease (DDD) as long-term consequences of the axial load-shift that occurs following a breach of the endplate. (c) 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1084-1091, 2016. C1 [Curry, William H.; Pintar, Frank A.; Doan, Ninh B.; Ha Son Nguyen; Eckardt, Gerald; Baisden, Jamie L.; Maiman, Dennis J.; Stemper, Brian D.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurosurg, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Curry, William H.; Pintar, Frank A.; Maiman, Dennis J.; Stemper, Brian D.] Clement J Zablocki VA Med Ctr, Milwaukee, WI 53295 USA. [Paskoff, Glenn R.; Shender, Barry S.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Stemper, BD (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurosurg, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA.; Stemper, BD (reprint author), Clement J Zablocki VA Med Ctr, Milwaukee, WI 53295 USA. EM bstemper@mcw.edu OI Nguyen, Ha/0000-0002-3515-278X FU Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division [N00421-10-C-0049]; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Research FX Grant sponsor: Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division; Grant number: N00421-10-C-0049; Grant sponsor: Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Research. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0736-0266 EI 1554-527X J9 J ORTHOP RES JI J. Orthop. Res. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 34 IS 6 BP 1084 EP 1091 DI 10.1002/jor.23112 PG 8 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA DN9GN UT WOS:000377387600022 PM 26610067 ER PT J AU Giles, AJ Dai, SY Glembocki, OJ Kretinin, AV Sun, ZY Ellis, CT Tischler, JG Taniguchi, T Watanabe, K Fogler, MM Novoselov, KS Basov, DN Caldwell, JD AF Giles, Alexander J. Dai, Siyuan Glembocki, Orest J. Kretinin, Andrey V. Sun, Zhiyuan Ellis, Chase T. Tischler, Joseph G. Taniguchi, Takashi Watanabe, Kenji Fogler, Michael M. Novoselov, Kostya S. Basov, Dimitri. N. Caldwell, Joshua D. TI Imaging of Anomalous Internal Reflections of Hyperbolic Phonon-Polaritons in Hexagonal Boron Nitride SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Near-field imaging; hexagonal boron nitride; hyperbolic materials; phonon-polaritons; tunable nanoresonators; subdiffractional focusing; 2D materials; van der Waals ID NANOPHOTONICS; GRAPHENE; HETEROSTRUCTURES; METAMATERIALS; NANOTUBES; CRYSTALS; PATTERN; ANTENNA; LIGHT AB We use scanning near-field optical microscopy to study the response of hexagonal boron nitride nanocones at infrared frequencies, where this material behaves as a hyperbolic medium. The obtained images are dominated by a series of "hot" rings that occur on the sloped sidewalls of the nanocones. The ring positions depend on the incident laser frequency and the nanocone shape. Both dependences are consistent with directional propagation of hyperbolic phonon-polariton rays that are launched at the edges and zigzag through the interior of the nanocones, sustaining multiple internal reflections off the sidewalls. Additionally, we observe a strong overall enhancement of the near-field signal at discrete resonance frequencies. These resonances attest to low dielectric losses that permit coherent standing waves of the subdiffractional polaritons to form. We comment on potential applications of such shape-dependent resonances and the field concentration at the hot rings. C1 [Giles, Alexander J.; Glembocki, Orest J.; Ellis, Chase T.; Tischler, Joseph G.; Caldwell, Joshua D.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dai, Siyuan; Sun, Zhiyuan; Fogler, Michael M.; Basov, Dimitri. N.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Kretinin, Andrey V.; Novoselov, Kostya S.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Taniguchi, Takashi; Watanabe, Kenji] Natl Inst Mat Sci, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan. [Basov, Dimitri. N.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Caldwell, JD (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil RI Novoselov, Kostya/G-9581-2014; TANIGUCHI, Takashi/H-2718-2011; Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008 OI Novoselov, Kostya/0000-0003-4972-5371; Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168 FU National Research Council (NRC) NRL Postdoctoral Fellowship Program; Office of Naval Research; EPSRC (U.K.); Royal Society (U.K.); European Research Council; EC-FET European Graphene Flagship; ARO [w911NF-13- 1-0210]; AFOSR [FA9550-15-1-0478]; Quantum Materials EPIQS program [GBMF4533]; [OBR-N00014-15-1-2671] FX A.J.G. and C.T.E. acknowledge support from the National Research Council (NRC) NRL Postdoctoral Fellowship Program. Funding for J.D.C., O.J.G., and J.G.T. was provided via the Office of Naval Research and distributed by the Nanoscience Institute at the Naval Research Laboratory. A.V.K. and K.S.N. acknowledge support from the EPSRC (U.K.), the Royal Society (U.K.), European Research Council, and EC-FET European Graphene Flagship. Research at UCSD is supported by the Grants OBR-N00014-15-1-2671. Development of nanoinfrared instrumentation is supported by ARO w911NF-13- 1-0210 and AFOSR FA9550-15-1-0478. D.N.B is the Moore Investigator in Quantum Materials EPIQS program GBMF4533. A.J.G. is an NRC Postdoctoral Fellow. NR 42 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 21 U2 47 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 16 IS 6 BP 3858 EP 3865 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01341 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DO2WW UT WOS:000377642700064 PM 27159255 ER PT J AU Fan, YL Rogers, WE AF Fan, Yalin Rogers, W. Erick TI Drag coefficient comparisons between observed and model simulated directional wave spectra under hurricane conditions SO OCEAN MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Wind waves; WAVEWATCH III, Drag coefficient; Wave modeling; Tropical cyclones ID WIND-GENERATED WAVES; TROPICAL CYCLONE; SEA-SURFACE; SPATIAL VARIATION; CBLAST-HURRICANE; OCEAN; PREDICTION; INTENSITY; SYSTEM AB In this study, Donelan, M.A., Babanin, A.V., Young, I.R., Banner, M.L., 2006. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 36, 1672-1688 source function is used to calculate drag coefficients from both the scanning radar altimeter (SRA) measured two dimensional wave spectra obtained during hurricane Ivan in 2004 and the WAVEWATCH III simulated wave spectra. The drag coefficients disagree between the SRA and model spectra mainly in the right/left rear quadrant of the hurricane where the observed spectra appear to be bimodal while the model spectra are single peaked with more energy in the swell frequencies and less energy in the wind sea frequencies. These results suggest that WAVEWATCH III is currently not capable of providing sensible stress calculations in the rear quadrants of the hurricane. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Fan, Yalin; Rogers, W. Erick] Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Fan, YL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM yalin.fan@nrlssc.navy.m FU Office of Naval Research [0602435 N] FX The authors would like to express their appreciation to Dr. Zhitao Yu and the anonymous reviewers for very helpful comments and suggestions. We thank the WAVEWATCH III (R) development team for developing the code used in this study. NOAA/NWS/EMC/WAVEWATCH III public release version 4.18 is used to generate the data for this study. This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research under program element 0602435 N. This paper is contribution NRL/JA/7320-15-2644 and has been approved for public release. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1463-5003 EI 1463-5011 J9 OCEAN MODEL JI Ocean Model. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 102 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2016.04.004 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA DN9IA UT WOS:000377391600001 ER PT J AU Weiblen, RJ Menyuk, CR Gattass, RR Shaw, LB Sanghera, JS AF Weiblen, R. Joseph Menyuk, Curtis R. Gattass, Rafael R. Shaw, L. Brandon Sanghera, Jasbinder S. TI Fabrication tolerances in As2S3 negative-curvature antiresonant fibers SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL WAVE-GUIDES; HOLLOW-CORE FIBER; SPECTRAL REGION; SILICA HOLLOW; MU-M; BOUNDARY AB We computationally investigate fabrication tolerances in As2S3 negative-curvature antiresonant tube-lattice fibers. Since the dominant loss mechanisms for silica in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) is material absorption, As2S3, which offers a reduced loss over that wavelength range, is a natural candidate for mid-IR antiresonant fibers. However, any fiber fabrication technology, including for soft glasses, will have imperfections. Therefore, it is important to know how imperfect fabrication will affect the results of a fiber design. We study perturbations to the fiber, including a nonconstant tube-wall thickness, a single cladding tube with a different radius, a single cladding tube with a different tube-wall thickness, and "key" sections in the jacket. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Weiblen, R. Joseph; Menyuk, Curtis R.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Gattass, Rafael R.; Shaw, L. Brandon; Sanghera, Jasbinder S.] Naval Res Lab, Code 5620, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Weiblen, RJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM ro2@umbc.edu FU Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) [N00173-09-2-C016, N00173-15-1-G905] FX Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) (N00173-09-2-C016, N00173-15-1-G905). NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 9 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 41 IS 11 BP 2624 EP 2627 DI 10.1364/OL.41.002624 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA DO0JU UT WOS:000377466000059 PM 27244430 ER PT J AU Lindle, JR Watnik, AT Cassella, VA AF Lindle, James R. Watnik, Abbie T. Cassella, Vincent A. TI Efficient multibeam large-angle nonmechanical laser beam steering from computer-generated holograms rendered on a liquid crystal spatial light modulator SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PHASED-ARRAY AB Multibeam large-angle beam steering is demonstrated in the visible spectral region by imprinting computer-generated holographic Fresnel zone plates on a liquid crystal spatial light modulator (SLM) configured as the first element of a telescope. The position and intensity of each beam are controlled independently. The laser beam is steered over a +/- 37 degrees field of regard, with the power in the beam at 37 degrees being greater than 50% of the on-axis power. The power delivered on axis for a single beam was 48% of the power incident on the SLM. The beam profile remained Gaussian over the full steering range, and the on-axis beam divergence is 2.1 mrad. (c) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Lindle, James R.; Watnik, Abbie T.; Cassella, Vincent A.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lindle, JR (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lindle@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) [NRL 6.2] FX Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) (NRL 6.2 base program). NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 10 U2 14 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 16 BP 4336 EP 4341 DI 10.1364/AO.55.004336 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA DN4PT UT WOS:000377050400011 PM 27411184 ER PT J AU Nichols, JM Judd, KP Olson, CC Novak, K Waterman, JR Feller, S McCain, S Anderson, J Brady, D AF Nichols, J. M. Judd, K. P. Olson, C. C. Novak, K. Waterman, J. R. Feller, S. McCain, S. Anderson, J. Brady, D. TI Range performance of the DARPA AWARE wide field-of-view visible imager SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID TARGET ACQUISITION; IDENTIFICATION AB In a prior paper, we described a new imaging architecture that addresses the need for wide field-of-view imaging combined with the resolution required to identify targets at long range. Over the last two years substantive improvements have been made to the system, both in terms of the size, weight, and power of the camera as well as to the optics and data management software. The result is an overall improvement in system performance, which we demonstrate via a maritime target identification experiment. (c) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Nichols, J. M.; Judd, K. P.; Olson, C. C.; Novak, K.; Waterman, J. R.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Feller, S.; McCain, S.; Anderson, J.; Brady, D.] Appl Quantum Technol, 3333 Durham Chapel Hill Blvd,Suite D100, Durham, NC 27707 USA. RP Nichols, JM (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jonathan.nichols@nrl.navy.mil FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) MTO AWARE program [HR0011-15-C-0119] FX Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) MTO AWARE program (HR0011-15-C-0119). NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 16 BP 4478 EP 4484 DI 10.1364/AO.55.004478 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA DN4PT UT WOS:000377050400033 PM 27411206 ER PT J AU Hagstrum, JT McIsaac, HP Drob, DP AF Hagstrum, Jonathan T. McIsaac, Hugh P. Drob, Douglas P. TI Seasonal changes in atmospheric noise levels and the annual variation in pigeon homing performance SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY A-NEUROETHOLOGY SENSORY NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Avian navigation; Infrasound; Microbaroms; Tornadoes; Hurricanes ID ATLANTIC HURRICANE SEASON; INFRASOUND PROPAGATION; BIRD NAVIGATION; ORIENTATION; MICROBAROMS; OCEAN; DISTURBANCES; INFORMATION; MICROSEISMS; TEMPERATURE AB Repeated releases of experienced homing pigeons from single sites were conducted between 1972 and 1974 near Cornell University in upstate New York and between 1982 and 1983 near the University of Pittsburgh in western Pennsylvania, USA. No annual variation in homing performance was observed at these sites in eastern North America, in contrast to results from a number of similar experiments in Europe. Assuming pigeons home using low-frequency infrasonic signals (similar to 0.1-0.3 Hz), as has been previously proposed, the annual and geographic variability in homing performance within the northern hemisphere might be explained, to a first order, by seasonal changes in low-frequency atmospheric background noise levels related to storm activity in the North Atlantic Ocean, and by acoustic waveguides formed between the surface and seasonally reversing stratospheric winds. In addition, increased dispersion among departure bearings of test birds on some North American release days was possibly caused by infrasonic noise from severe weather events during tornado and Atlantic hurricane seasons. C1 [Hagstrum, Jonathan T.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [McIsaac, Hugh P.] Univ Denver, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [McIsaac, Hugh P.] 302 Etna Rd, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Drob, Douglas P.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hagstrum, JT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM jhag@usgs.gov FU US Air Force Small Business Innovative Research Grant [FA9302-12-C-0006] FX We wish to thank all those who, with W. T. Keeton, produced the large quantity of pigeon-release data at Cornell University between 1967 and 1980, and I. Brown, T. Larkin and S. T. Emlen for making them available to all investigators in 1984. C. Walcott kindly sent us the "Keeton" database, and we thank T. Larkin for providing his program to manipulate and display the data, as well as insider information concerning the Weedsport pigeon releases. D. Sills and W. Szilagyi of Environment Canada generously sent us Canadian tornado data and information on Great Lakes waterspouts, respectively. A. J. Bedard (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences), B. Thigpen (Eminent Technologies), and D. B. Quine graciously shared their acoustical expertise during informative discussions. L. Anderson and C. Bacon of the US Geological Survey provided helpful comments on an early version of the manuscript, and constructive reviews from three anonymous reviewers are also much appreciated. Funding for this work came, in part, from a US Air Force Small Business Innovative Research Grant (FA9302-12-C-0006) facilitated by a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement between the US Geological Survey and Technology International Incorporated of Virginia. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-7594 EI 1432-1351 J9 J COMP PHYSIOL A JI J. Comp. Physiol. A -Neuroethol. Sens. Neural Behav. Physiol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 202 IS 6 BP 413 EP 424 DI 10.1007/s00359-016-1087-y PG 12 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Physiology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology; Zoology GA DN7GF UT WOS:000377242600004 PM 27146057 ER PT J AU Miller, M AF Miller, Melinda TI Assimilation and Economic Performance: The Case of Federal Indian Policy SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC HISTORY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Miller, Melinda] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-0507 EI 1471-6372 J9 J ECON HIST JI J. Econ. Hist. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 76 IS 2 BP 644 EP 644 PG 1 WC Economics; History; History Of Social Sciences SC Business & Economics; History; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA DN0UB UT WOS:000376779600051 ER PT J AU Chun, C Neta, B AF Chun, Changbum Neta, Beny TI On the new family of optimal eighth order methods developed by Lotfi et al. SO NUMERICAL ALGORITHMS LA English DT Article DE Iterative methods; Order of convergence; Basin of attraction; Extraneous fixed points ID NONLINEAR EQUATIONS; ITERATIVE METHODS; MULTIPLE ROOTS; 4TH-ORDER FAMILY; DYNAMICS; ATTRACTION; BASINS; CONVERGENCE AB Recently Lotfi et al. (Numer. Algor. 68, 261-288, 5) have developed a new family of optimal order eight for the solution of nonlinear equations. They have experimented with 3 members of the family and compared them to other eighth order methods. One of the best known eight order method was not included. They also did not mention the best choice of parameters in the methods used and why. The basins of attraction were given for several examples without a quantitative comparison. It will be shown how to choose the best parameters in all these methods, and to quantitatively compare the methods. C1 [Chun, Changbum] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Math, Suwon 440746, South Korea. [Neta, Beny] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Neta, B (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM cbchun@skku.edu; bneta@nps.edu FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [NRF-2013R1A1A2005012] FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2013R1A1A2005012). The first author thanks the Applied Mathematics Department at the Naval Postgraduate School for hosting him during the years. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1017-1398 EI 1572-9265 J9 NUMER ALGORITHMS JI Numer. Algorithms PD JUN PY 2016 VL 72 IS 2 BP 363 EP 376 DI 10.1007/s11075-015-0048-9 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA DN2ID UT WOS:000376886400005 ER PT J AU Kantsyrev, VL Schultz, KA Shlyaptseva, VV Safronova, AS Shrestha, IK Petrov, GM Moschella, JJ Petkov, EE Stafford, A Cooper, MC Weller, ME Cline, W Wiewior, P Chalyy, O AF Kantsyrev, V. L. Schultz, K. A. Shlyaptseva, V. V. Safronova, A. S. Shrestha, I. K. Petrov, G. M. Moschella, J. J. Petkov, E. E. Stafford, A. Cooper, M. C. Weller, M. E. Cline, W. Wiewior, P. Chalyy, O. TI Study of x-rays produced from debris-free sources with Ar, Kr and Kr/Ar mixture linear gas jets irradiated by UNR Leopard laser beam with fs and ns pulse duration SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Laser plasmas; Gas jet; Clusters; X-ray emission ID HARMONIC-GENERATION; PUFF TARGET; CLUSTERS; DYNAMICS; FACILITY; PLASMAS AB Experiments of x-ray emission from Ar, Kr, and Ar/Kr gas jet mixture were performed at the UNR Leopard Laser Facility operated with 350 fs pulses at laser intensity of 2 x 10(19) W/cm(2) and 0.8 ns pulses at an intensity of 1016 W/cm(2). Debris free x-ray source with supersonic linear nozzle generated clusters/monomer jet with an average density of >= 10(19) cm(-3) was compared to cylindrical tube subsonic nozzle, which produced only monomer jet with average density 1.5(-2) times higher. The linear (elongated) cluster/gas jet provides the capability to study x-ray yield anisotropy and laser beam self-focusing with plasma channel formation that are interconnecting with efficient x-ray generation. Diagnostics include x-ray diodes, pinhole cameras and spectrometers. It was observed that the emission in the 1-9 keV spectral region was strongly anisotropic depending on the directions of laser beam polarization for sub-ps laser pulse and supersonic linear jet. The energy yield in the 1-3 keV region produced by a linear nozzle was an order of magnitude higher than from a tube nozzle. Non-LTE models and 3D molecular dynamic simulations of Ar and Kr clusters irradiated by sub-ps laser pulses have been implemented to analyze obtained data. A potential evidence of electron beam generation in jets' plasma was discussed. Note that the described debris-free gas-puff x-ray source can generate x-ray pulses in a high repetition regime. This is a great advantage compared to solid laser targets. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kantsyrev, V. L.; Schultz, K. A.; Shlyaptseva, V. V.; Safronova, A. S.; Shrestha, I. K.; Moschella, J. J.; Petkov, E. E.; Stafford, A.; Cooper, M. C.; Weller, M. E.; Cline, W.; Wiewior, P.; Chalyy, O.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Petrov, G. M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Weller, M. E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kantsyrev, VL (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM vlkantsyrev@gmail.com FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-13-1-0033]; NNSA under DOE [DE-NA0001984, DE-NA0002075] FX The authors would like to thank A.A. Esaulov for the theoretical modeling of linear supersonic nozzle. This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Basic Research Award #HDTRA1-13-1-0033, to the University of Nevada, Reno, and in part by the NNSA under DOE Cooperative Agreements DE-NA0001984 and DE-NA0002075. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 EI 1878-0563 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 19 BP 11 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2016.02.001 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DM6JP UT WOS:000376458100002 ER PT J AU Chennamsetty, ARK LeBlanc, J Abotula, S Parrikar, PN Shukla, A AF Chennamsetty, A. R. K. LeBlanc, J. Abotula, S. Parrikar, P. Naik Shukla, A. TI Dynamic response of Hastelloy (R) X plates under oblique shocks: Experimental and numerical studies SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Hastelloy (R) X; Oblique shocks; 3D digital image correlation (DIC); High-speed photography; Numerical simulation ID SQUARE PLATES; IMPULSIVE LOADS; CIRCULAR PLATES; DEFORMATION AB The dynamic behavior of Hastelloy (R) X plates subjected to normal and oblique shock loading was studied both experimentally and numerically. A series of experiments was conducted on Hastelloy (R) X plates at room temperature under fixed boundary conditions using a shock tube apparatus. High-speed digital cameras were used to obtain the real-time images of the specimen during the shock loading. Digital image correlation (DIC) technique was utilized to obtain 3D deformations of the plates using stereo-images of the specimen. The numerical modeling utilized the finite element software package Dynamic System Mechanics Analysis Simulation (DYSMAS), which includes both the structural analysis as well as the fluid structure interaction to study the dynamic behavior of the specimen under given loads. Experimentally obtained pressure-time profiles were used as a reference in numerical modeling. It was observed that the lower angles of shock incidence caused more deformation on the specimen. Additionally for oblique shocked specimens, the deformation was observed to initiate from the edge nearer to the muzzle. The results from the numerical simulations were validated with the experimental data, and showed excellent correlation for all cases. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chennamsetty, A. R. K.; Abotula, S.; Parrikar, P. Naik; Shukla, A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Mech Ind & Syst Engn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [LeBlanc, J.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Shukla, A (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Mech Ind & Syst Engn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM shuklaa@egr.uri.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-13-1-0037]; NUWCDIVNPT Chief Technology Office FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) under Grant No. FA9550-13-1-0037. Furthermore, the support of the NUWCDIVNPT Chief Technology Office is greatly appreciated. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X EI 1879-3509 J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 92 SI SI BP 75 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2016.03.006 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA DM7OR UT WOS:000376550400009 ER PT J AU Lambrakos, SG AF Lambrakos, S. G. TI Inverse Thermal Analysis of Steel Welds Using Solidification-Boundary Constraints SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE joining; modeling and simulation; stainless; steel; welding ID MULTIPLE CONSTRAINTS; HEAT; MODEL AB Inverse thermal analyses of structural steel deep-penetration welds are presented. These analyses employ a methodology that is in terms of numerical-analytical basis functions and constraint conditions for inverse thermal analysis of steady-state energy deposition in plate structures. These analyses provide parametric representations of weld temperature histories that can be adopted as input data to various types of computational procedures, such as those for prediction of solid-state phase transformations and mechanical response. In addition, these parameterized temperature histories can be used for inverse thermal analysis of welds corresponding to other welding processes whose process conditions are within similar regimes. The present study applies an inverse thermal analysis procedure that uses three-dimensional constraint conditions whose two-dimensional projections are mapped within transverse cross sections of experimentally measured solidification boundaries. C1 [Lambrakos, S. G.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lambrakos, SG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM samuel.lambrakos@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX This work was supported by a Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) internal core program. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 EI 1544-1024 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 25 IS 6 BP 2103 EP 2115 DI 10.1007/s11665-016-2084-6 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DM6GQ UT WOS:000376449100002 ER PT J AU Dimitrov, NB Kress, M Nevo, Y AF Dimitrov, Nedialko B. Kress, Moshe Nevo, Yuval TI Finding the needles in the haystack: efficient intelligence processing SO JOURNAL OF THE OPERATIONAL RESEARCH SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE intelligence processing; knowledge; exploration; exploitation ID MULTIARMED BANDIT PROBLEM; ALGORITHMS; INFERENCE; MODELS AB As a result of communication technologies, the main intelligence challenge has shifted from collecting data to efficiently processing it so that relevant, and only relevant, information is passed on to intelligence analysts. We consider intelligence data intercepted on a social communication network. The social network includes both adversaries (eg terrorists) and benign participants. We propose a methodology for efficiently searching for relevant messages among the intercepted communications. Besides addressing a real and urgent problem that has attracted little attention in the open literature thus far, the main contributions of this paper are two-fold. First, we develop a novel knowledge accumulation model for intelligence processors, which addresses both the nodes of the social network (the participants) and its edges (the communications). Second, we propose efficient prioritization algorithms that utilize the processor's accumulated knowledge. Our approach is based on methods from graphical models, social networks, random fields, Bayesian learning, and exploration/exploitation algorithms. C1 [Dimitrov, Nedialko B.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Kress, Moshe; Nevo, Yuval] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Dimitrov, NB (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Grad Program Operat Res & Ind Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 15 PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD PI BASINGSTOKE PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0160-5682 EI 1476-9360 J9 J OPER RES SOC JI J. Oper. Res. Soc. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 67 IS 6 BP 801 EP 812 DI 10.1057/jors.2015.84 PG 12 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA DM7JA UT WOS:000376535300001 ER PT J AU Lee, S Kang, S Han, DK Ko, H AF Lee, Seongjae Kang, Sunmee Han, David K. Ko, Hanseok TI Dialogue enabling speech-to-text user assistive agent system for hearing-impaired person SO MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Hearing-impaired person; Speech-to-text transcription; Beamforming; Keyword spotting; User interface ID RECOGNITION SYSTEM; ENHANCEMENT; ENVIRONMENT; MODEL AB A novel approach for assisting bidirectional communication between people of normal hearing and hearing-impaired is presented. While the existing hearing-impaired assistive devices such as hearing aids and cochlear implants are vulnerable in extreme noise conditions or post-surgery side effects, the proposed concept is an alternative approach wherein spoken dialogue is achieved by means of employing a robust speech recognition technique which takes into consideration of noisy environmental factors without any attachment into human body. The proposed system is a portable device with an acoustic beamformer for directional noise reduction and capable of performing speech-to-text transcription function, which adopts a keyword spotting method. It is also equipped with an optimized user interface for hearing-impaired people, rendering intuitive and natural device usage with diverse domain contexts. The relevant experimental results confirm that the proposed interface design is feasible for realizing an effective and efficient intelligent agent for hearing-impaired. C1 [Lee, Seongjae; Ko, Hanseok] Korea Univ, Dept Visual Informat Proc, Seoul, South Korea. [Kang, Sunmee] Seokyeong Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Seoul, South Korea. [Han, David K.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Kang, S (reprint author), Seokyeong Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Seoul, South Korea. EM sj3452@gmail.com FU Ministry of Health Welfare RD [A111189]; Seokyeong University FX This research was supported by Ministry of Health & Welfare R&D (A111189) and partially supported by Seokyeong University grant programme in 2013. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0140-0118 EI 1741-0444 J9 MED BIOL ENG COMPUT JI Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 54 IS 6 BP 915 EP 926 DI 10.1007/s11517-015-1447-8 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Biomedical; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Medical Informatics GA DM5QM UT WOS:000376405100007 PM 26753778 ER PT J AU Taylor, MK Kviatkovsky, SA Hernandez, LM Sargent, P Segal, S Granger, DA AF Taylor, Marcus K. Kviatkovsky, Shiloah A. Hernandez, Lisa M. Sargent, Paul Segal, Sabrina Granger, Douglas A. TI Anabolic hormone profiles in elite military men SO STEROIDS LA English DT Article DE Stress; Anabolic; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Testosterone; Military; Special operations ID SALIVARY TESTOSTERONE; DIURNAL PATTERNS; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE-SULFATE; CORTISOL; STRESS; DHEA; ADOLESCENTS; DEPLOYMENT; PROTOCOLS AB We recently characterized the awakening responses and daily profiles of the catabolic stress hormone cortisol in elite military men. Anabolic hormones follow a similar daily pattern and may counteract the catabolic effects of cortisol. This companion report is the first to characterize daily profiles of anabolic hormones dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and testosterone in this population. Overall, the men in this study displayed anabolic hormone profiles comparable to that of healthy, athletic populations. Consistent with the cortisol findings in our prior report, summary parameters of magnitude (hormone output) within the first hour after awakening displayed superior stability versus summary parameters of pattern for both DHEA (r range: 0.77-0.82) and testosterone (r range: 0.62-0.69). Summary parameters of evening function were stable for the two hormones (both p < 0.001), while the absolute decrease in testosterone across the day was a stable proxy of diurnal function (p < 0.001). Removal of noncompliant subjects did not appreciably affect concentration estimates for either hormone at any time point, nor did it alter the repeatability of any summary parameter. The first of its kind, this report enables accurate estimations of anabolic balance and resultant effects upon health and human performance in this highly resilient yet chronically stressed population. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Taylor, Marcus K.; Kviatkovsky, Shiloah A.; Hernandez, Lisa M.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Warfighter Performance Dept, Biobehav Sci Lab, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Taylor, Marcus K.; Hernandez, Lisa M.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Exercise & Nutr Sci, ENS Bldg,Room 351,5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Taylor, Marcus K.] Arizona State Univ, Inst Interdisciplinary Salivary Biosci Res, 550 E Orange St, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Sargent, Paul] Naval Special Warfare Grp ONE, 3632 Guadalcanal Rd,Bldg 165, San Diego, CA 92155 USA. [Segal, Sabrina] Arizona State Univ, Dept Psychol, 550 E Orange St, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Granger, Douglas A.] Johns Hopkins Sch Nursing, 3400 North Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Granger, Douglas A.] Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, 3400 North Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Granger, Douglas A.] Univ Calif Irvine, Inst Interdisciplinary Salivary Biosci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Granger, Douglas A.] Univ Nebraska, Salivary Biosci Lab, 1400 R St, Lincoln, NE USA. [Granger, Douglas A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Psychol, 1400 R St, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Taylor, MK (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM marcus.k.taylor2.civ@mail.mil FU Office of Naval Research [N1204, 30] FX Report number 15-50, supported by the Office of Naval Research (Code 30), under Work Unit No. N1204. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. U.S. Government Work (17 USC 105). Not copyrighted in the U.S. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (Protocol NHRC.NHRC.2012.0006). Dr. Granger is founder and Chief Strategy and Senior Scientific Advisor at Salimetrics, LLC. His relationship with this entity is managed by the policies of the Conflict of Interest Committee at the Johns Hopkins University and the Office of Research Integrity and Assurance at Arizona State University. DAG and IISBR relocated from Arizona State University to UC Irvine in 2016, where similar policies will be established. Dr. Taylor is Scientific Advisor for Sports and Performance at Salimetrics, LLC (Carlsbad, CA). His relationship with this entity is consistent with, and managed by, the policies of the Department of Defense, Naval Medical Research Center Office of Ethics, and the Naval Health Research Center Commanding Officer and Institutional Review Board. The Authors would like to thank Michelle Lewark for editorial expertise. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0039-128X EI 1878-5867 J9 STEROIDS JI Steroids PD JUN PY 2016 VL 110 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.04.001 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DM9QO UT WOS:000376701000004 PM 27083310 ER PT J AU Manheimer, W AF Manheimer, Wallace TI Some Heretical Thoughts on Fusion and Climate SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Fusion breeding; Sustainable midcentury power; Climate alarmism; Heretical thoughts; Prophetic pronouncements; Paris agreement AB This article presents and explores three heretical thoughts regarding fusion and climate. First, the only way that fusion can contribute to midcentury power is by switching its goal from pure fusion, to fusion breeding. Doing so could lead to a sustainable, carbon free, environmentally and economically viable, midcentury infrastructure, with little or no proliferation risk, which could provide terawatts of power for the world. Second, while CO2 input to the atmosphere may, at some point, become a concern to the earth's climate, an Internet search shows that there is no evidence that we are anywhere near that point now and likely will not be before midcentury at the earliest. Third, those who insist on a nearly immediate end to CO2 input into the atmosphere, are little different from others who have caused panics at various times in American history. The timing could be serendipitous; the time necessary to develop fusion breeding could well match up to the time when it is needed so as to avoid harm to the earth's climate and/or depletion of finite energy resources. C1 [Manheimer, Wallace] NRL, Allendale, MI USA. RP Manheimer, W (reprint author), NRL, Allendale, MI USA. EM wallymanheimer@yahoo.com NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0164-0313 EI 1572-9591 J9 J FUSION ENERG JI J. Fusion Energy PD JUN PY 2016 VL 35 IS 3 BP 519 EP 523 DI 10.1007/s10894-015-0055-9 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA DM0GH UT WOS:000376020900006 ER PT J AU Gong, Q Ross, IM Fahroo, F AF Gong, Qi Ross, Isaac Michael Fahroo, Fariba TI Spectral and Pseudospectral Optimal Control Over Arbitrary Grids SO JOURNAL OF OPTIMIZATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Optimal control; Pseudospectral; Computation ID FEEDBACK LINEARIZABLE SYSTEMS; TRAJECTORY OPTIMIZATION; CONVERGENCE; FLIGHT; APPROXIMATIONS; COMPUTATION; SATELLITE; GUIDANCE AB In advancing our prior work on a unified theory for pseudospectral (PS) optimal control, we present the mathematical foundations for spectral collocation over arbitrary grids. The computational framework is not based on any particular choice of quadrature nodes associated with orthogonal polynomials. Because our framework applies to non-Gaussian grids, a number of hidden properties are uncovered. A key result of this paper is the discovery of the dual connections between PS and Galerkin approximations. Inspired by Polak's pioneering work on consistent approximation theory, we analyze the dual consistency of PS discretization. This analysis reveals the hidden relationship between Galerkin and pseudospectral optimal control methods while uncovering some finer points on covector mapping theorems. The new theory is used to demonstrate via a numerical example that a PS method can be surprisingly robust to grid selection. For example, even when 60 % of the grid points are chosen to be uniform-the worst possible selection from a pseudospectral perspective-a PS method can still produce satisfactory result. Consequently, it may be possible to choose non-Gaussian grid points to support different resolutions over the same grid. C1 [Gong, Qi] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Ross, Isaac Michael] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Fahroo, Fariba] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Gong, Q (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM qigong@soe.ucsc.edu; imross@nps.edu; ffahroo@nps.edu NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-3239 EI 1573-2878 J9 J OPTIMIZ THEORY APP JI J. Optim. Theory Appl. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 169 IS 3 BP 759 EP 783 DI 10.1007/s10957-016-0909-y PG 25 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA DM4CS UT WOS:000376293800004 ER PT J AU Boucher, R Kang, W Gong, Q AF Boucher, Randy Kang, Wei Gong, Qi TI Galerkin Optimal Control SO JOURNAL OF OPTIMIZATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Optimal control; Constrained optimization; Pseudospectral; Galerkin ID FEEDBACK LINEARIZABLE SYSTEMS; FINITE-ELEMENT DISCRETIZATION; PSEUDOSPECTRAL METHODS; CONTROL CONSTRAINTS; CONVERGENCE; EQUATIONS AB This paper introduces a family of computational methods for solving optimal control problems that calculate optimal trajectories using Galerkin numerical techniques. An important result in the theoretical foundation of these methods is that their associated feasibility and consistency theorems are proved for problems with continuous and/or piecewise continuous controls. In this paper we demonstrate that Galerkin numerical techniques allow for the formulation of optimal control problems in a number of ways that allow for efficiency and/or improved accuracy. The family of Galerkin methods presented can solve a wide range of optimal control problems with a variety of state and control constraints. Numerical formulations using Lagrangian and Legendre test functions are derived. Finally, numerical examples demonstrate the versatile nature of various Galerkin optimal control formulations. C1 [Boucher, Randy] US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Kang, Wei] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA USA. [Gong, Qi] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Kang, W (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA USA. EM randy.boucher@usma.edu; wkang@nps.edu; qigong@soe.ucsc.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX This work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) and the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). The work and views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, the Department of the Navy, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-3239 EI 1573-2878 J9 J OPTIMIZ THEORY APP JI J. Optim. Theory Appl. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 169 IS 3 BP 825 EP 847 DI 10.1007/s10957-016-0918-x PG 23 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA DM4CS UT WOS:000376293800007 ER PT J AU Royset, JO Wets, RJB AF Royset, Johannes O. Wets, Roger J-B TI Optimality Functions and Lopsided Convergence SO JOURNAL OF OPTIMIZATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE epi-Convergence; Lopsided convergence; Consistent approximations; Optimality functions; Optimality conditions ID VARIATIONAL CONVERGENCE; APPROXIMATION AB Optimality functions pioneered by E. Polak characterize stationary points, quantify the degree with which a point fails to be stationary, and play central roles in algorithm development. For optimization problems requiring approximations, optimality functions can be used to ensure consistency in approximations, with the consequence that optimal and stationary points of the approximate problems indeed are approximately optimal and stationary for an original problem. In this paper, we review the framework and illustrate its application to nonlinear programming and other areas. Moreover, we introduce lopsided convergence of bifunctions on metric spaces and show that this notion of convergence is instrumental in establishing consistency of approximations. Lopsided convergence also leads to further characterizations of stationary points under perturbations and approximations. C1 [Royset, Johannes O.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Wets, Roger J-B] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Royset, JO (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. EM joroyset@nps.edu; rjbwets@ucdavis.edu FU US Army Research Laboratory; US Army Research Office [00101-80683, W911NF-10-1-0246, W911NF-12-1-0273] FX This material is based upon work supported in part by the US Army Research Laboratory and the US Army Research Office under Grant Numbers 00101-80683, W911NF-10-1-0246 and W911NF-12-1-0273. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-3239 EI 1573-2878 J9 J OPTIMIZ THEORY APP JI J. Optim. Theory Appl. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 169 IS 3 BP 965 EP 983 DI 10.1007/s10957-015-0839-0 PG 19 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA DM4CS UT WOS:000376293800013 ER PT J AU Stone, DF Arkes, J AF Stone, Daniel F. Arkes, Jeremy TI Reference Points, Prospect Theory, and Momentum on the PGA Tour SO JOURNAL OF SPORTS ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE golf; reference points; prospect theory; hot hand; momentum ID PERFORMANCE; ECONOMICS; PRESSURE; SUCCESS AB Pope and Schweitzer (2011) study predictions of prospect theory for the reference point of par on the current hole in professional golf. We study prospect-theory predictions of three other plausible reference points: par for recent holes, for the round, and for the tournament. A potentially competing force is momentum in quality of play, that is, the hot or cold hand. While prospect theory predicts negative serial correlation in better (worse)-than-average performance across holes, the hot (cold) hand implies the opposite. We find evidence that, for each of the reference points we study, when scores are better than par, hot-hand effects are dominated by prospect-theory effects. These effects can occur via two mechanisms: greater conservatism or less effort. We find evidence that the former (latter) dominates for scores closer to (further from) the reference point. We also find evidence of prospect theory effects (greater risk seeking) when scores are worse than par for the round in Round 1 and of cold-hand effects for scores worse than par for the tournament in Round 3. The magnitudes of some of the joint effects are comparable to those found by Pope and Schweitzer and other related papers. We conclude by discussing how, rather than compete, prospect-theory and cold-hand forces might also cause one another. C1 [Stone, Daniel F.] Bowdoin Coll, Econ, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA. [Arkes, Jeremy] Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Econ, Monterey, CA USA. RP Stone, DF (reprint author), Bowdoin Coll, 9700 Coll Stn, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA. EM dstone@bowdoin.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1527-0025 EI 1552-7794 J9 J SPORT ECON JI J. Sport. Econ. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 17 IS 5 SI SI BP 453 EP 482 DI 10.1177/1527002516641167 PG 30 WC Economics; Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism SC Business & Economics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA DM4BO UT WOS:000376290800002 ER PT J AU Epstein, Z Sprangle, P AF Epstein, Zachary Sprangle, Phillip TI An Optical Magnetometry Mechanism Above the Surface of Seawater SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Magnetooptic effects; Faraday effect; magnetometers; remote sensing AB This paper analyzes a mechanism for the remote optical measurements of magnetic field variations above the surface of seawater. This magnetometry mechanism is based on the polarization rotation of reflected polarized laser light, in the presence of the earth's magnetic field. Here the laser light is reflected off the surface of the water and off an underwater object. Two mechanisms responsible for the polarization rotation are the surface magneto-optical kerr effect (SMOKE) and the Faraday effect. In both the mechanisms, the degree of polarization rotation is proportional to the earth's local magnetic field. Variations in the earth's magnetic field due to an underwater object will result in variations in the polarization rotation of the laser light reflected off the water's surface (SMOKE) and off the underwater object (Faraday effect). An analytical expression is obtained for the polarization-rotated field when the incident plane wave is at arbitrary angle and polarization with respect to the water's surface. We find that the polarization rotated field due to SMOKE is small compared with that due to the Faraday effect. C1 [Epstein, Zachary] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sprangle, Phillip] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Epstein, Z (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Sprangle, P (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM zbe@umd.edu; sprangle@umd.edu FU ONR; NEEC; NRL FX This work was supported by ONR, NEEC and NRL. The authors would like to acknowledge useful discussions with S. Potashnik. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9197 EI 1558-1713 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 52 IS 6 AR 9200106 DI 10.1109/JQE.2016.2557068 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA DL6TC UT WOS:000375771200001 ER PT J AU Drusinsky, D AF Drusinsky, Doron TI Run-time monitoring using bounded constraint instance discovery within big data streams SO INNOVATIONS IN SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Run-time monitoring; Run-time verification; Bounded constraint solving; First order logic; Streaming data; Big-data; Spark; Clique; Coordinated attack AB This paper presents RM-BCS, a novel run-time monitoring (RM) technique that uses periodic bounded constraint solving (BCS) to monitor streaming systems with undetermined artifacts such as agent roles and message classification. BCS is used to discover maps of interest, mapping a streaming collection of messages to a domain of discourse that consists of a set of known agents, roles, and message meanings; the desired map is one in which an underlying first-order logic constraint is satisfied. We demonstrate the technique for the problem of detecting an Internet-based terrorist attack coordination session within frames of streaming data such as a Twitter stream. The proposed technique is a third class of RM techniques, the first two being RM of deterministic observation streams and RM of probabilistic observation streams. C1 [Drusinsky, Doron] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, 1411 Cunningham Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Drusinsky, D (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, 1411 Cunningham Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ddrusins@nps.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1614-5046 EI 1614-5054 J9 INNOV SYST SOFTW ENG JI Innov. Syst. Softw. Eng. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 12 IS 2 BP 141 EP 151 DI 10.1007/s11334-015-0270-6 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA DL9AB UT WOS:000375932500004 ER PT J AU Weer, CH DiRenzo, MS Shipper, FM AF Weer, Christy H. DiRenzo, Marco S. Shipper, Frank M. TI A Holistic View of Employee Coaching: Longitudinal Investigation of the Impact of Facilitative and Pressure-Based Coaching on Team Effectiveness SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE employee coaching; facilitative coaching; pressure-based coaching; regulatory focus; team effectiveness; growth curve analysis ID ABUSIVE SUPERVISION; REGULATORY FOCUS; MODERATING ROLE; WORK TEAMS; ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT; CONTEXTUAL PERFORMANCE; DESTRUCTIVE LEADERSHIP; EMOTIONAL EXHAUSTION; SERVANT LEADERSHIP; WORKPLACE DEVIANCE AB This study uses regulatory focus theory to take a holistic perspective on employee coaching. The contrasting effects of facilitative versus pressure-based coaching on changes in team effectiveness were examined over a 54-month period of time. Results of growth curve analysis on a sample of 714 managers and their teams indicated that facilitative and pressure-based coaching had opposing direct and indirect effects on long-term changes in team performance, with team commitment playing a critical role in this process. Specifically, facilitative coaching positively influenced team commitment and, in turn, team effectiveness. In contrast, pressure-based coaching hindered team functioning by negatively influencing team commitment through heightened levels of tension within the team. Limitations and areas for future research are discussed. C1 [Weer, Christy H.; Shipper, Frank M.] Salisbury Univ, Salisbury, MD USA. [DiRenzo, Marco S.] Naval Postgrad Sch, 555 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP DiRenzo, MS (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, 555 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM msdirenz@nps.edu NR 159 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 27 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0021-8863 EI 1552-6879 J9 J APPL BEHAV SCI JI J. Appl. Bahav. Sci. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 52 IS 2 BP 187 EP 214 DI 10.1177/0021886315594007 PG 28 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Applied; Management; Psychology, Experimental SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Business & Economics GA DL7SC UT WOS:000375839400002 ER PT J AU Alqadah, HF AF Alqadah, Hatim F. TI A Compressive Multi-Frequency Linear Sampling Method for Underwater Acoustic Imaging SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Acoustic imaging; inverse scattering; linear sampling method; backprojection; total-variation; compressive sensing ID INVERSE OBSTACLE SCATTERING AB This paper investigates the use of a qualitative inverse scattering method known as the linear sampling method (LSM) for imaging underwater scenes using limited aperture receiver configurations. The LSM is based on solving a set of unstable integral equations known as the far-field equations and whose stability breaks down even further for under-sampled observation aperture data. Based on the results of a recent study concerning multi-frequency LSM imaging, we propose an iterative inversion method that is founded upon a compressive sensing framework. In particular, we leverage multi-frequency diversity in the data by imposing a partial frequency variation prior on the solution which we show is justified when the frequency bandwidth is sampled finely enough. We formulate an alternating direction method of multiplier approach to minimize the proposed cost function. Proof of concept is established through numerically generated data as well as experimental acoustic measurements taken in a shallow pool facility at the U.S Naval Research Laboratory. C1 [Alqadah, Hatim F.] US Navy, Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Post Doctoral Res Associate Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Alqadah, Hatim F.] NRL, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Alqadah, HF (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Post Doctoral Res Associate Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Alqadah, HF (reprint author), NRL, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM hatim.alqadah.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; National Research Council Post-Doctoral Fellowship Program FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research and in part by the National Research Council Post-Doctoral Fellowship Program. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Prof. Peter Tay. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1057-7149 EI 1941-0042 J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS JI IEEE Trans. Image Process. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 25 IS 6 BP 2444 EP 2455 DI 10.1109/TIP.2016.2548243 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA DK4LU UT WOS:000374890600002 PM 27093719 ER PT J AU Zvanut, ME Dashdorj, J Freitas, JA Glaser, ER Willoughby, WR Leach, JH Udwary, K AF Zvanut, M. E. Dashdorj, J. Freitas, J. A. Glaser, E. R. Willoughby, W. R. Leach, J. H. Udwary, K. TI Incorporation of Mg in Free-Standing HVPE GaN Substrates SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE GaN; Mg; HVPE; EPR; PL; Raman ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; FILMS AB Mg, the only effective p-type dopant for nitrides, is well studied in thin films due to the important role of the impurity in light-emitting diodes and high-power electronics. However, there are few reports of Mg in thick free-standing GaN substrates. Here, we demonstrate successful incorporation of Mg into GaN grown by hydride vapor-phase epitaxy (HVPE) using metallic Mg as the doping source. The concentration of Mg obtained from four separate growth runs ranged between 10(16) cm(-3) and 10(19) cm(-3). Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction revealed that Mg did not induce stress or perturb the crystalline quality of the HVPE GaN substrates. Photoluminescence (PL) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies were performed to investigate the types of point defects in the crystals. The near-band-edge excitonic and shallow donor-shallow acceptor radiative recombination processes involving shallow Mg acceptors were prominent in the PL spectrum of a sample doped to 3 x 10(18) cm(-3), while the EPR signal was also thought to represent a shallow Mg acceptor. Detection of this signal reflects minimization of nonuniform strain obtained in the thick free-standing HVPE GaN compared with heteroepitaxial thin films. C1 [Zvanut, M. E.; Dashdorj, J.; Willoughby, W. R.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Freitas, J. A.; Glaser, E. R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Leach, J. H.; Udwary, K.] Kyma Technol Inc, Raleigh, NC 27617 USA. RP Zvanut, ME (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM mezvanut@uab.edu FU NSF [DMR-1308446] FX The work at UAB is supported by NSF Grant No. DMR-1308446. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 EI 1543-186X J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 45 IS 6 BP 2692 EP 2696 DI 10.1007/s11664-016-4413-9 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA DK6ZO UT WOS:000375074700006 ER PT J AU Bennett, BR Podpirka, AA Boos, J Kumar, SL AF Bennett, Brian R. Podpirka, Adrian A. Boos, J. B. Kumar, Satvika L. TI Strained InGaSb/AlGa(As)Sb Quantum Wells for p-Channel Transistors SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Field-effect transistor; antimonide; molecular beam epitaxy; III-V CMOS; p-channel; InGaSb ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; HOLE-MOBILITY; COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS; FETS; ELECTRONICS; DEVICES; SURFACE; RATIO AB Quantum wells of InGaSb clad by AlGa(As)Sb were grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Well and barrier compositions were chosen to yield biaxial compressive strain and enhanced hole mobility in the InGaSb. Wells with thickness of 7.5 nm exhibited room-temperature mobilities of 1000 cm(2)/V s to 1100 cm(2)/V s, with the surface-layer material influencing two-dimensional hole densities. The introduction of As into the barrier material allows a wider range of p-channel well/barrier combinations and lattice constants. These could be compatible with n-channel InGaAs wells for complementary field-effect transistor circuits which utilize a common buffer layer. InGaSb wells with thicknesses of 20 nm to 30 nm and compressive strains of 1.0% to 1.5% exhibited hole mobilities of 700 cm(2)/V s to 900 cm(2)/V s. C1 [Bennett, Brian R.; Podpirka, Adrian A.; Boos, J. B.; Kumar, Satvika L.] Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bennett, BR (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.bennett@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The authors thank Drs. James Champlain and Mario Ancona for technical discussions. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 EI 1543-186X J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 45 IS 6 BP 2757 EP 2762 DI 10.1007/s11664-016-4440-6 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA DK6ZO UT WOS:000375074700015 ER PT J AU Michael, TS AF Michael, T. S. TI A short proof of the nonexistence of a 2-resolvable balanced incomplete block design with parameters (v, b, r, k, lambda) = (10,15,6,4,2) SO LINEAR ALGEBRA AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Balanced incomplete block design; alpha-Resolvable design AB The nonexistence of a 2-resolvable balanced incomplete block design with parameters (v, b, r, k, lambda) = (10, 15, 6, 4, 2) was established by Kadowaki in 2001 using a computer search and by Kadowaki and Kageyama in 2008 by a lengthy case-by-case analysis. We give a short proof based on properties of the row sum vectors of submatrices in an incidence matrix. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Michael, T. S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Michael, TS (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM tsm@usna.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0024-3795 EI 1873-1856 J9 LINEAR ALGEBRA APPL JI Linear Alg. Appl. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 498 SI SI BP 399 EP 403 DI 10.1016/j.laa.2015.10.016 PG 5 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA DJ7BM UT WOS:000374366900026 ER PT J AU Daniels, GC Lezzi, EB Fulmer, PA Wynne, JH AF Daniels, Grant C. Lezzi, Erick B. Fulmer, Preston A. Wynne, James H. TI Synergistic antimicrobial and surface free energy of sol-gel coatings containing fluorosilanes and quaternary ammonium salts SO PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS LA English DT Article DE Coatings; Functionalization of polymers; Surfaces and interfaces; Polysiloxanes ID WARFARE AGENT SIMULANTS; POLYURETHANES; HYBRID; RESISTANCE; PAINTS; VX AB A need currently exists for chemical agent repellent coatings that also possess antimicrobial activity. Current coatings, primarily polyurethanes, lack chemical and antimicrobial resistance. With this in mind, herein a novel two component hybrid polysiloxane coating was prepared. Fluorosilane and quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) additives were incorporated in order to decrease the surface free energy and to impart antimicrobial activity. The inclusion of the additives independently showed a decrease in the surface free energy for the fluorosilane and antimicrobial activity for the QAS. A synergistic effect however was observed when both additives were used together in the polysiloxane. The combination of fluorosilane and QAS led to a further decrease in the surface free energy of the polysiloxane due to increases in both micro and nanoscale roughness as confirmed by confocal and AFM. Retention of antimicrobial properties was observed with log kills ranging from 3 to 5. The hybrid polysiloxane containing both additives provided a coating with enhanced chemical agent resistance and antimicrobial properties. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Daniels, Grant C.; Lezzi, Erick B.; Fulmer, Preston A.; Wynne, James H.] US Naval Res Lab, Code 6100, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wynne, JH (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Code 6100, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM james.wynne@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX The authors would like to thank Spencer Giles for his help with the AFM imaging and the Office of Naval Research (ONR) for their financial support. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0300-9440 J9 PROG ORG COAT JI Prog. Org. Coat. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 95 BP 91 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2016.02.021 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA DL0QR UT WOS:000375338100012 ER PT J AU Laskoski, M Clarke, JS Neal, A Ricks-Laskoski, HL Hervey, WJ Keller, TM AF Laskoski, Matthew Clarke, Jadah S. Neal, Arianna Ricks-Laskoski, Holly L. Hervey, W. Judson Keller, Teddy M. TI Synthesis of Bisphenol A-Free Oligomeric Phthalonitrile Resins with Sulfone and Sulfone-Ketone Containing Backbones SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE resins; thermal properties; thermosets ID CYANATE ESTER RESINS; POLYSULFONE; MEMBRANES; POLYMERIZATION; COMPOSITES; COPOLYMERS; POLYMERS AB Two new oligomeric sulfone and sulfone-ketone containing phthalonitrile (PN) resins with excellent processability have been developed. The PN monomers were prepared from the reaction of an excess amount of bisphenol S with 4-(chlorophenyl)sulfone or 4,4-dichlorobenzophenone in the presence of a base in a solvent mixture (dimethylsulfoxide/toluene), followed by end-capping with 4-nitro-PN in a two-step, one-pot reaction. These PN resins exhibited good viscosities and cure times for molding into various shapes. After being thermally cured to yield crosslinked polymers, these polymers demonstrated superb mechanical properties, thermo-oxidative stability, and maintained good dielectric properties. Published 2016. C1 [Laskoski, Matthew; Clarke, Jadah S.; Neal, Arianna; Ricks-Laskoski, Holly L.; Keller, Teddy M.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Chem Branch, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hervey, W. Judson] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6910, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Laskoski, M (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Chem Branch, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM matthew.laskoski@nrl.navy.mil FU SERDP; Office of Naval Research; ONR/ASEE Science and Engineering Apprenticeship Program (SEAP) FX The authors would like to thank SERDP for financial support of this project. The authors thank the Office of Naval Research and the ONR/ASEE Science and Engineering Apprenticeship Program (SEAP) for financial support of this project. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-624X EI 1099-0518 J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 54 IS 11 BP 1639 EP 1646 DI 10.1002/pola.28020 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA DK1QP UT WOS:000374688800019 ER PT J AU Schubbe, JJ Bolstad, SH Reyes, S AF Schubbe, Joel J. Bolstad, Scott H. Reyes, Sabrina TI Fatigue crack growth behavior of aerospace and ship-grade aluminum repaired with composite patches in a corrosive environment SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE Bonded repairs; Composite patching; Crack repair; Corrosion AB Investigation of the performance for a composite repair patch to prolong the service life of pre-cracked 7050, 7075, 5083 and 6061 aluminum plates under fatigue conditions in a corrosive environment was conducted. Both insulated graphite-epoxy and boron-epoxy composite patches were evaluated for the effects of corrosion fatigue. The repair patches consisted of unidirectional plies (laminae) oriented in the loading direction. The improvement of service life and the effect that a corrosive environment had on crack propagation rates for the repaired aluminum plates were examined. The bond durability between the aluminum plates and the boron patch were also assessed. As expected, the introduction of salt water during testing greatly increased crack growth rates and can be quantified for comparison. The graphite patch consistently showed positive results compared to the boron patch for 6061 aluminum samples. The same system on 5083 aluminum had mixed results. Examination of potential 5083 sensitization due to elevated cure cycles is discussed. The boron-epoxy repairs showed a positive life improvement in both lab air and salt water exposed environments for 7050 and 7085 aluminums while the graphite-epoxy repair accelerated crack growth rates in the salt water environment. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Schubbe, Joel J.; Bolstad, Scott H.; Reyes, Sabrina] US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Schubbe, JJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM schubbe@usna.edu FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory; OSD/CPO FX The authors would like to thank OSD/CPO and Dr. Robert Bayles and the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory for assistance and complimentary testing in support of this research performed at the US Naval Academy. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0263-8223 EI 1879-1085 J9 COMPOS STRUCT JI Compos. Struct. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 144 BP 44 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.01.107 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA DI4PK UT WOS:000373481600005 ER PT J AU Mitchell, LJ Phlips, B AF Mitchell, Lee J. Phlips, Bernard TI Characterization of strontium iodide scintillators with silicon photomultipliers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Strontium iodide; Radiation detector; Scintillation detector; Silicon photomultiplier; Gamma-ray; Spectroscopy ID ENERGY RESOLUTION AB This work characterizes a commercially available europium -doped strontium iodide detector recently developed by Radiation Monitoring Devices (RMD). The detector has been chosen for a space-based mission scheduled to launch in early 2017. The primary goal of this work was to characterize the detector's response over the expected operational range of 10 degrees C to 30 degrees C as well as the expected operational voltage range of +26.5- +28.5 V and identify background interferences that may develop due to neutron activation produced by cosmic -ray interactions. The 8 mm x 8 mm x 20 mm detectors use KETEK silicon photomultipliers (SiPM), with an active area of 6 mmx6 mm (KETEK PM6660). Our results show substantial integral nonlinearity due to the SiPM ranging from 0% to 25% at room temperature over the energy range of 80-2614 keV. The nonlinearity, a function of temperature and overvoltage, leads to an underestimate of the full width at half max (FVVHM), which is 2.6% uncorrected at 662 keV and 3.8% corrected at 662 keV. The temperature dependence of the detector results in a noise threshold that increases substantially above 30 degrees C due to the SiPM dark rate. In an effort to simulate the harsh environment of space, neutron activation of the detector was also explored. Gamma-ray lines at 127 keV and 164 keV were observed in the detector along with Ka x-rays associated with europium. Beta decay from europium- and iodine -activation products were also observed within the detector. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mitchell, Lee J.; Phlips, Bernard] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mitchell, LJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 820 BP 95 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2016.02.057 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA DI0LZ UT WOS:000373189200014 ER PT J AU Farhat, A Lunasin, E Titi, ES AF Farhat, Aseel Lunasin, Evelyn Titi, Edriss S. TI Data assimilation algorithm for 3D Benard convection in porous media employing only temperature measurements SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Benard convection; Porous media; Continuous data assimilation; Signal synchronization; Nudging; Downscaling ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; GEVREY REGULARITY; DETERMINING MODES; 2D TURBULENCE; SYSTEMS; NUMBER; STATE AB In this paper we propose a continuous data assimilation (downscaling) algorithm for the Benard convection in porous media using only discrete spatial-mesh measurements of the temperature. In this algorithm, we incorporate the observables as a feedback (nudging) term in the evolution equation of the temperature. We show that under an appropriate choice of the nudging parameter and the size of the mesh, and under the assumption that the observed data is error free, the solution of the proposed algorithm converges at an exponential rate, asymptotically in time, to the unique exact unknown reference solution of the original system, associated with the observed (finite dimensional projection of) temperature data. Moreover, we note that in the case where the observational measurements are not error free, one can estimate the error between the solution of the algorithm and the exact reference solution of the system in terms of the error in the measurements. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Farhat, Aseel] Univ Virginia, Dept Math, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Lunasin, Evelyn] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Titi, Edriss S.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Math, 3368 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Titi, Edriss S.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Comp Sci & Appl Math, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Farhat, A (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Math, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.; Lunasin, E (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.; Titi, ES (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Math, 3368 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.; Titi, ES (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Comp Sci & Appl Math, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. EM af7py@virginia.edu; lunasin@usna.edu; titi@math.tamu.edu FU NSF [DMS-1418911, DMS-1109640, DMS-1109645]; ONR [N0001415WX01725, N00014-15-1-2333] FX E.S.T. is thankful to the kind hospitality of the Ecole Polytechnique (CMLS), Paris, where part of this work was completed. The work of A.F. is supported in part by NSF grant DMS-1418911. The work of E.L. is supported by the ONR grant N0001415WX01725. The work of E.S.T. is supported in part by the ONR grant N00014-15-1-2333 and the NSF grants DMS-1109640 and DMS-1109645. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-247X EI 1096-0813 J9 J MATH ANAL APPL JI J. Math. Anal. Appl. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 438 IS 1 BP 492 EP 506 DI 10.1016/j.jmaa.2016.01.072 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA DF8ZN UT WOS:000371650100027 ER PT J AU Bilu, YF Komatsu, T Luca, F Pizarro-Madariaga, A Stanica, P AF Bilu, Yuri F. Komatsu, Takao Luca, Florian Pizarro-Madariaga, Amalia v Stanica, Pantelimon TI On a divisibility relation for Lucas sequences SO JOURNAL OF NUMBER THEORY LA English DT Article DE Lucas sequence; Roots of unity AB In this note, we study the divisibility relation U-m vertical bar U-n+k(s) -U-n(s), where U := {U-n}(n >= 0) is the Lucas sequence of characteristic polynomial x(2) - ax +/- 1 and k, m, n, s are positive integers. (c) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Bilu, Yuri F.] Univ Bordeaux 1, IMB, 351 Cours Liberat, F-33405 Talence, France. [Bilu, Yuri F.] CNRS, 351 Cours Liberat, F-33405 Talence, France. [Komatsu, Takao] Wuhan Univ, Sch Math & Stat, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Luca, Florian] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Math, Private Bag X3, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Pizarro-Madariaga, Amalia v] Univ Valparaiso, Inst Matemat, Valparaiso, Chile. [Stanica, Pantelimon] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Stanica, Pantelimon] Romanian Acad, Inst Math Simion Stoilow, Bucharest, Romania. RP Pizarro-Madariaga, A (reprint author), Univ Valparaiso, Inst Matemat, Valparaiso, Chile. EM yuri@math.u-bordeaux.fr; komatsu@whu.edu.cn; florian.luca@wits.ac.za; amalia.pizarro@uv.cl; pstanica@nps.edu FU Max-Planck-Institut fur Mathematik at Bonn; Hubei provincial Expert Program in China; Project DIUV-REG [25-2013] FX This work was done during a visit of T.K., A.P. and P.S. to the School of Mathematics of the Wits University in September 2015. They thank the School for hospitality and support and Kruger National Park for excellent working conditions. F.L. thanks Professor Igor Shparlinski for some useful suggestions. Yu.B. was partially supported by Max-Planck-Institut fur Mathematik at Bonn. T.K. was partially supported by the Hubei provincial Expert Program in China. A.P. was partly financed by Project DIUV-REG No 25-2013. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-314X EI 1096-1658 J9 J NUMBER THEORY JI J. Number Theory PD JUN PY 2016 VL 163 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.jnt.2015.11.011 PG 18 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA DF0AX UT WOS:000371002100001 ER PT J AU Lewis, TG Bergin, R AF Lewis, Ted G. Bergin, Richard TI Imitation and novelty in product development SO COGNITIVE SYSTEMS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Preferential attachment; Product imitation; Product development tree; Borg model; Levinthal's paradox; Gamification AB A human stigmergy model of product development through a series of incremental novelties and imitations is obtained by observing the isomorphism between solution trees generated by groups of humans participating in online games like Foldit, self-organizing topics in online learning systems, product evolution through a combination of innovation and imitation in the cell phone industry, and social networks formed over the past 40 years in creation of the Boston biotech commons. The model incorporates two very simple rules: (1) preferential attachment, and (2) the combination of existing product designs into a single design. A computer model used to simulate the model produces product evolution networks isomorphic to observed solution trees and product evolution trees. Additionally, industries with a high degree of novelty produce a product evolution network with scale-free and betweenness centrality structure. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bergin, Richard] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM tedglewis@redshift.com; rbergin@nps.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-0417 J9 COGN SYST RES JI Cogn. Syst. Res. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 38 SI SI BP 23 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.cogsys.2015.12.004 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA DD8NO UT WOS:000370183900004 ER PT J AU Nieto-Gomez, R AF Nieto-Gomez, Rodrigo TI Stigmergy at the edge: Adversarial stigmergy in the war on drugs SO COGNITIVE SYSTEMS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Stigmergy; Self-organization; Organized crime; Innovation; War on drugs; Drug cartels AB As a consequence of the stigmergic coordination that occurs among criminal and government agents, resilience has been built into the system that supplies illegal drugs to American consumers. Criminal agents create technology responses that are simple and cost-effective, and consistently defeat the actions of government agents. Those responses to stigmergic stimulus improve iteratively the resilience and sophistication of the clandestine supply chains. In what the author calls a "homeland security Chaos Monkey model" a constant but predictable governmental escalation in the war on drugs plays the role of a failure signal to build resilience in the narcotics system: Any success by governmental agents sends stigmergic signals to criminal agents. These signals communicate a failure in the supply chain that requires an adversarial innovation to defeat the updated shape of the interdiction. The result is a more resilient system. This cycle of adversarial stigmergy has encouraged the emergence of a well-coordinated system of clandestine innovation in the territory of the US-Mexico borderlands that takes advantage of the border switch to solve in an iterative form one particular problem: to identify and exploit the vulnerabilities of a complicated enforcement architecture to build resilient narcotics systems. For homeland security policies to be more effective, interdiction policies and technologies should be built with a better understanding of the stigmergic forces that shape adaptation in the war on drugs system. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Nieto-Gomez, Rodrigo] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Nieto-Gomez, R (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM rnietogo@nps.edu NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-0417 J9 COGN SYST RES JI Cogn. Syst. Res. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 38 SI SI BP 31 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.cogsys.2015.12.005 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA DD8NO UT WOS:000370183900005 ER PT J AU Hu, X Compton, JR Leary, DH Olson, MA Lee, MS Cheung, J Ye, W Ferrer, M Southall, N Jadhav, A Morazzani, EM Glass, PJ Marugan, J Legler, PM AF Hu, Xin Compton, Jaimee R. Leary, Dagmar H. Olson, Mark A. Lee, Michael S. Cheung, Jonah Ye, Wenjuan Ferrer, Mark Southall, Noel Jadhav, Ajit Morazzani, Elaine M. Glass, Pamela J. Marugan, Juan Legler, Patricia M. TI Kinetic, Mutational, and Structural Studies of the Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Nonstructural Protein 2 Cysteine Protease SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PAPAIN-LIKE PROTEASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SINDBIS-VIRUS; CATHEPSIN-B; NONCYTOPATHIC REPLICATION; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TRANSITION-STATE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; NSP2 PROTEASE AB The Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) nonstructural protein 2 (nsP2) cysteine protease (EC 3.4.22.-) is essential for viral replication and is involved in the cytopathic effects (CPE) of the virus. The VEEV nsP2 protease is a member of MEROPS Clan CN and characteristically contains a papain-like protease linked to an S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent RNA methyltransferase (SAM MTase) domain. The protease contains an alternative active site motif, (475)NVCWAK(480), which differs from papain's (CGS(25)CWAFS), and the enzyme lacks a transition state-stabilizing residue homologous to GIn-19 in papain. To understand the roles of conserved residues in catalysis, we determined the structure of the free enzyme and the first structure of an inhibitor-bound alphaviral protease. The peptide-like E64d inhibitor was found to bind beneath a beta-hairpin at the interface of the SAM MTase and protease domains. His-546 adopted a conformation that differed from that found in the free enzyme; one or both of the conformers may assist in leaving group departure of either the amine or Cys thiolate during the catalytic cycle. Interestingly, E64c (200 mu M), the carboxylic acid form of the E64d ester, did not inhibit the nsP2 protease. To identify key residues involved in substrate binding, a number of mutants were analyzed. Mutation of the motif residue, N475A, led to a 24 fold reduction in k(cat)/K-m, and the conformation of this residue did not change after inhibition. N475 forms a hydrogen bond with R662 in the SAM MTase domain, and the R662A and R662K mutations both led to 16-fold decreases in k(cat)/K-m. N475 forms the base of the P1 binding site and likely orients the substrate for nucleophilic attack or plays a role in product release. An Asn homologous to N475 is similarly found in coronaviral papain-like proteases (PLpro) of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) virus and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) virus. Mutation of another motif residue, K480A, led to a 9-fold decrease in k(cat) and k(cat)/K-m. K480 likely enhances the nucleophilicity of the Cys. Consistent with our substrate-bound models, the SAM MTase domain K706A mutation increased K-m 4.5-fold to 500 mu M. Within the beta-hairpin, the N545A mutation slightly but not significantly increased k(cat) and K-m. The structures and identified active site residues may facilitate the discovery of protease inhibitors with antiviral activity. C1 [Hu, Xin; Ye, Wenjuan; Ferrer, Mark; Southall, Noel; Jadhav, Ajit; Marugan, Juan] NIH, Chem Genom Ctr, Natl Ctr Adv Translat Sci, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Compton, Jaimee R.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Cheung, Jonah] New York Struct Biol Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Olson, Mark A.; Lee, Michael S.; Morazzani, Elaine M.; Glass, Pamela J.] US Army, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Legler, Patricia M.] US Navy, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Legler, PM (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM patricialegler@nrl.navy.mil FU DTRA [CB-SEED-SEED09-2-0061, CBCall4-CBM-05-2-0019] FX This work was supported by DTRA Projects CB-SEED-SEED09-2-0061 and CBCall4-CBM-05-2-0019. NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAY 31 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 21 BP 3007 EP 3019 DI 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00992 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DN5ZT UT WOS:000377151100011 PM 27030368 ER PT J AU Gor, GY Bernstein, N AF Gor, Gennady Y. Bernstein, Noam TI Adsorption-Induced Surface Stresses of the Water/Quartz Interface: Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Study SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; ALPHA-QUARTZ SURFACE; INDUCED DEFORMATION; GAS-ADSORPTION; FREE-ENERGIES; CRYSTAL; TENSION; WATER; SIMULATION; PRESSURE AB Adsorption-induced deformation is expansion or contraction of a solid due to adsorption on its surface. This phenomenon is important for a wide range of applications, from chemomechanical sensors to methane recovery from geological formations. The strain of the solid is driven by the change of the surface stress due to adsorption. Using ab initio molecular dynamics, we calculate the surface stresses for the dry a-quartz surfaces, and investigate how these stresses change when the surfaces are exposed to water. We find that the nonhydroxylated surface shows small and approximately isotropic changes in stress, while the hydroxylated surface, which interacts more strongly with the polar water molecules, shows larger and qualitatively anisotropic (opposite sign in xx and yy) surface stress changes. All of these changes are several times larger than the surface tension of water itself. The anisotropy and possibility of positive surface stress change can explain experimentally observed surface area contraction due to adsorption. C1 [Gor, Gennady Y.] Naval Res Lab, NRC Res Associate, Ctr Mat Phys & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bernstein, Noam] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Mat Phys & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gor, GY (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, NRC Res Associate, Ctr Mat Phys & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gennady.y.gor@gmail.com FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's basic research program FX This research was performed while one of the authors (G.Y.G.) held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at Naval Research Laboratory. The work of G.Y.G. and N.B. was funded by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's basic research program. We thank Dr. Michael Mehl for providing crystal structure information from NRL database. NR 60 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAY 31 PY 2016 VL 32 IS 21 BP 5259 EP 5266 DI 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00923 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA DN5ZV UT WOS:000377151300005 PM 27159032 ER PT J AU Dunlap, BI Palenik, MC AF Dunlap, Brett I. Palenik, Mark C. TI Variationally fitting the total electron-electron interaction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CORRELATION ENERGIES; DENSITY; APPROXIMATIONS; EXCHANGE; FUNCTIONALS; MOLECULES; EFFICIENT; INTEGRALS; ATOMS AB Density fitting is used throughout quantum chemistry to simplify the electron-electron interaction energy (EE). A fundamental property of quantum chemistry, and DFT in particular, is that a variational principle connects the EE to a potential. Density fitting generally does not preserve this connection. Herein we describe the construction of a robust EE that is variationally connected to fitted potentials in all electronic structure methods. For DFT, this results in fitting equations that are satisfied at an energy saddle point in multidimensional fitting space. C1 [Dunlap, Brett I.; Palenik, Mark C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6189, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dunlap, BI (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6189, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dunlap@nrl.navy.mil OI Palenik, Mark/0000-0002-6932-8624; Dunlap, Brett/0000-0003-1356-6559 FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Research Laboratory; NRC/NRL Postdoctoral Research Associateship FX We thank Marcin Dulak for help in linking libxc on a Mac. This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research, directly and through the Naval Research Laboratory. M.C.P. gratefully acknowledges an NRC/NRL Postdoctoral Research Associateship. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAY 31 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 19 AR 195162 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.195162 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DN2VF UT WOS:000376920400003 ER PT J AU Alberding, BG Kushto, GP Lane, PA Heilweil, EJ AF Alberding, Brian G. Kushto, Gary P. Lane, Paul A. Heilweil, Edwin J. TI Reduced photoconductivity observed by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy in metal nanofilms with and without adhesion layers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE IMAGINARY CONDUCTIVITY; PHOTOEXCITED CARRIERS; THERMAL CONDUCTANCE; PROBE SPECTROSCOPY; OPTICAL-EXCITATION; GOLD-FILMS; DYNAMICS; GRAPHENE; RESISTIVITY; ELECTRON AB Non-contact, optical time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy has been used to study the transient photoconductivity of nanometer-scale metallic films deposited on the fused quartz substrates. Samples of 8 nm thick gold or titanium show an instrument-limited (ca. 0.5 ps) decrease in conductivity following photoexcitation due to electron-phonon coupling and subsequent increased lattice temperatures which increases charge carrier scattering. In contrast, for samples of 8 nm gold with a 4 nm adhesion layer of titanium or chromium, a ca. 70 ps rise time for the lattice temperature increase is observed. These results establish the increased transient terahertz transmission sign change of metallic compared to semiconductor materials. The results also suggest nanoscale gold films that utilize an adhesion material do not consist of distinct layers. C1 [Alberding, Brian G.; Heilweil, Edwin J.] NIST, Radiat Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Kushto, Gary P.; Lane, Paul A.] US Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Heilweil, EJ (reprint author), NIST, Radiat Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM edwin.heilweil@nist.gov FU National Institute of Standards and Technology/National Research Council Research Associateship Program; NIST-Scientific Technical Research Support FX We would like to acknowledge the National Institute of Standards and Technology/National Research Council Research Associateship Program (B.G.A.) and NIST-Scientific Technical Research Support for funding. We also thank Paul D. Cunningham (U.S. Naval Research Laboratory) for useful discussions. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 28 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 30 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 22 AR 223104 DI 10.1063/1.4953208 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DP3XE UT WOS:000378428400035 ER PT J AU Naify, CJ Rohde, CA Martin, TP Nicholas, M Guild, MD Orris, GJ AF Naify, Christina J. Rohde, Charles A. Martin, Theodore P. Nicholas, Michael Guild, Matthew D. Orris, Gregory J. TI Generation of topologically diverse acoustic vortex beams using a compact metamaterial aperture SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ORBITAL ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; MANIPULATION; VORTICES AB Here, we present a class of metamaterial-based acoustic vortex generators which are both geometrically simple and broadly tunable. The aperture overcomes the significant limitations of both active phasing systems and existing passive coded apertures. The metamaterial approach generates topologically diverse acoustic vortex waves motivated by recent advances in leaky wave antennas by wrapping the antenna back upon itself to produce an acoustic vortex wave antenna. We demonstrate both experimentally and analytically that this single analog structure is capable of creating multiple orthogonal orbital angular momentum modes using only a single transducer. The metamaterial design makes the aperture compact, with a diameter nearly equal to the excitation wavelength and can thus be easily integrated into high-density systems. Applications range from acoustic communications for high bit-rate multiplexing to biomedical devices such as microfluidic mixers. C1 [Naify, Christina J.; Rohde, Charles A.; Martin, Theodore P.; Nicholas, Michael] US Navy, Res Lab, Code 7165, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Guild, Matthew D.] US Navy, Natl Res Council Res Associateship Program, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Orris, Gregory J.] US Navy, Res Lab, Code 7160, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Naify, CJ (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Code 7165, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM christina.naify@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 30 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 22 AR 223503 DI 10.1063/1.4953075 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DP3XE UT WOS:000378428400041 ER PT J AU Vurgaftman, I Belenky, G Lin, Y Donetsky, D Shterengas, L Kipshidze, G Sarney, WL Svensson, SP AF Vurgaftman, I. Belenky, G. Lin, Y. Donetsky, D. Shterengas, L. Kipshidze, G. Sarney, W. L. Svensson, S. P. TI Interband absorption strength in long-wave infrared type-II superlattices with small and large superlattice periods compared to bulk materials SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STRAINED-LAYER SUPERLATTICES; THIN-FILMS; PHOTODIODES; ALLOYS AB The absorption spectra for the antimonide-based type-II superlattices (SLs) for detection in the long-wave infrared (LWIR) are calculated and compared to the measured data for SLs and bulk materials with the same energy gap (HgCdTe and InAsSb). We include the results for the metamorphic InAsSbx/InAsSby SLs with small periods as well as the more conventional strain-balanced InAs/Ga(In)Sb and InAs/InAsSb SLs on GaSb substrates. The absorption strength in small-period metamorphic SLs is similar to the bulk materials, while the SLs with an average lattice constant matched to GaSb have significantly lower absorption. This is because the electron-hole overlap in the strain-balanced type-II LWIR SLs occurs primarily in the hole well, which constitutes a relatively small fraction of the total thickness. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Vurgaftman, I.] Naval Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Belenky, G.; Lin, Y.; Donetsky, D.; Shterengas, L.; Kipshidze, G.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Sarney, W. L.; Svensson, S. P.] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Belenky, G (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM gregory.belenky@stonybrook.edu OI LIN, YOUXI/0000-0002-9092-2302 FU U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-16-2-0053]; U.S. National Science Foundation [DMR1160843] FX This work was supported by U.S. Army Research Office through Grant No. W911NF-16-2-0053 and by U.S. National Science Foundation through Grant No. DMR1160843. We acknowledge the valuable suggestions of Dr. Jerry Meyer, Dr. Serge Luryi, and Dr. Sergey Suchalkin. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 16 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 30 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 22 AR 222101 DI 10.1063/1.4953035 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DP3XE UT WOS:000378428400020 ER PT J AU Heeb, N Gutmark, E Kailasanath, K AF Heeb, N. Gutmark, E. Kailasanath, K. TI Impact of chevron spacing and asymmetric distribution on supersonic jet acoustics and flow SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article DE Supersonic Jet Noise; Aeroacoustics; Chevrons ID SHOCK-ASSOCIATED NOISE; CONVERGENT-DIVERGENT NOZZLES; ELLIPTIC JETS; REDUCTION; SINGLE AB An experimental investigation into the effect of chevron spacing and distribution on supersonic jets was performed. Cross-stream and streamwise particle imaging velocimetry measurements were used to relate flow field modification to sound field changes measured by far-field microphones in the overexpanded, ideally expanded, and under expanded regimes. Drastic modification of the jet cross-section was achieved by the investigated configurations, with both elliptic and triangular shapes attained downstream. Consequently, screech was nearly eliminated with reductions in the range of 10-25 dB depending on the operating condition. Analysis of the streamwise velocity indicated that both the mean shock spacing and strength were reduced resulting in an increase in the broadband shock associated noise spectral peak frequency and a reduction in the amplitude, respectively. Maximum broadband shock associated noise amplitude reductions were in the 5-7 dB range. Chevron proximity was found to be the primary driver of peak vorticity production, though persistence followed the opposite trend. The integrated streamwise vorticity modulus was found to be correlated with peak large scale turbulent mixing noise reduction, though optimal overall sound pressure level reductions did not necessarily follow due to the shock/fine scale mixing noise sources. Optimal large scale mixing noise reductions were in the 5-6 dB range. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Heeb, N.; Gutmark, E.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. [Kailasanath, K.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Heeb, N (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. EM heebns@mail.uc.edu; gutmarej@ucmail.uc.edu; kailas@lcp.nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Jet Noise Reduction (JNR) Project under the Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) program; Ohio Space Grant Consortium (OSGC) FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Jet Noise Reduction ONR) Project under the Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) program. The first author would like to thank the Ohio Space Grant Consortium (OSGC) for personal support during this work. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 18 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X EI 1095-8568 J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD MAY 26 PY 2016 VL 370 BP 54 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2016.01.047 PG 28 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA DF1ZJ UT WOS:000371138500004 ER PT J AU Casalini, R Roland, CM AF Casalini, R. Roland, C. M. TI Local and Global Dynamics in Polypropylene Glycol/Silica Composites SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES; SEGMENTAL DYNAMICS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; REENTANGLEMENT KINETICS; ENTANGLED POLYMERS; GLASS-TRANSITION; CONFINEMENT; SIMULATION; RHEOLOGY; BEHAVIOR AB The local segmental and global dynamics of a series of polypropylene glycol/silica nanocomposites were studied using rheometry and mechanical and dielectric spectroscopies. The particles cause substantial changes in the rheology, including higher viscosities that become non Newtonian and the appearance of stress overshoots in the transient shear viscosity. However, no change was observed in the mean relaxation times for either the segmental or normal mode dynamics measured dielectrically. This absence of an effect of the particles is due to masking of the interfacial response by polymer chains remote from the particles. When the unattached polymer was extracted to isolate the interfacial material, very large reductions in both the local and global relaxation times were measured. This speeding up of the dynamics is due in part to the reduced density at the interface, presumably a consequence of poorer packing of tethered chains. In addition, binding of the ether oxygens of the polypropylene glycol truncates the normal mode, which contributes an additional shift of the corresponding relaxation peak to higher frequencies. C1 [Casalini, R.; Roland, C. M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Roland, CM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM roland@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 18 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 EI 1520-5835 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD MAY 24 PY 2016 VL 49 IS 10 BP 3919 EP 3924 DI 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00354 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA DN1KT UT WOS:000376825400028 ER PT J AU Towery, CAZ Poludnenko, AY Urzay, J O'Brien, J Ihme, M Hamlington, PE AF Towery, C. A. Z. Poludnenko, A. Y. Urzay, J. O'Brien, J. Ihme, M. Hamlington, P. E. TI Spectral kinetic energy transfer in turbulent premixed reacting flows SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ISOTROPIC TURBULENCE; LEWIS NUMBER; LARGE-SCALE; FLAMES; VELOCITY; PROPAGATION; LAYERS AB Spectral kinetic energy transfer by advective processes in turbulent premixed reacting flows is examined using data from a direct numerical simulation of a statistically planar turbulent premixed flame. Two-dimensional turbulence kinetic-energy spectra conditioned on the planar-averaged reactantmass fraction are computed through the flame brush and variations in the spectra are connected to terms in the spectral kinetic energy transport equation. Conditional kinetic energy spectra show that turbulent small-scale motions are suppressed in the burnt combustion products, while the energy content of the mean flow increases. An analysis of spectral kinetic energy transfer further indicates that, contrary to the net down-scale transfer of energy found in the unburnt reactants, advective processes transfer energy from small to large scales in the flame brush close to the products. Triadic interactions calculated through the flame brush show that this net up-scale transfer of energy occurs primarily at spatial scales near the laminar flame thermal width. The present results thus indicate that advective processes in premixed reacting flows contribute to energy backscatter near the scale of the flame. C1 [Towery, C. A. Z.; Hamlington, P. E.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Poludnenko, A. Y.] Naval Res Lab, Labs Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Urzay, J.; O'Brien, J.; Ihme, M.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Turbulence Res, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Hamlington, PE (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM peh@colorado.edu FU Stanford Center for Turbulence Research Summer Program; AFOSR Award [FA9550-14-1-0273, F4FGA06055G001, FA9550-14-1-0219]; Department of Defense (DoD) High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP); NASA [NNH12AT33I] FX Helpful discussions with Dr. Chiping Li, as well as the support of the Stanford Center for Turbulence Research Summer Program, are gratefully acknowledged. C.A.Z.T. and P.E.H. were supported in part by AFOSR Award No. FA9550-14-1-0273 and by the Department of Defense (DoD) High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP). A.Y.P. was supported in part by AFOSR Award No. F4FGA06055G001 and NASA Award No. NNH12AT33I. J.U. and M.I. were supported in part by AFOSR Award No. FA9550-14-1-0219. Computing resources were provided by DoD HPCMP under a Frontier project award, and by the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAY 23 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 5 AR 053115 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.93.053115 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA DM8WJ UT WOS:000376644900015 PM 27300986 ER PT J AU Lumb, MP Yakes, MK Gonzalez, M Bennett, MF Schmieder, J Affouda, CA Herrera, M Delgado, FJ Molina, SI Walters, RJ AF Lumb, M. P. Yakes, M. K. Gonzalez, M. Bennett, M. F. Schmieder, J. Affouda, C. A. Herrera, M. Delgado, F. J. Molina, S. I. Walters, R. J. TI Wide bandgap, strain-balanced quantum well tunnel junctions on InP substrates SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VALLEY CURRENT RATIO; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SOLAR-CELLS; DIODES; THICKNESS AB In this work, the electrical performance of strain-balanced quantum well tunnel junctions with varying designs is presented. Strain-balanced quantum well tunnel junctions comprising compressively strained InAlAs wells and tensile-strained InAlAs barriers were grown on InP substrates using solid-source molecular beam epitaxy. The use of InAlAs enables InP-based tunnel junction devices to be produced using wide bandgap layers, enabling high electrical performance with low absorption. The impact of well and barrier thickness on the electrical performance was investigated, in addition to the impact of Si and Be doping concentration. Finally, the impact of an InGaAs quantum well at the junction interface is presented, enabling a peak tunnel current density of 47.6 A/cm(2) to be realized. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Lumb, M. P.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Lumb, M. P.; Yakes, M. K.; Gonzalez, M.; Bennett, M. F.; Schmieder, J.; Affouda, C. A.; Walters, R. J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gonzalez, M.; Bennett, M. F.] Sotera Def Solut, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. [Herrera, M.; Delgado, F. J.; Molina, S. I.] Univ Cadiz, Cadiz 11510, Spain. RP Lumb, MP (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20037 USA.; Lumb, MP (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Molina, Sergio I./0000-0002-5221-2852 FU Office of Naval Research; ARPA-E Project [DE-AR0000335]; ONRG through NICOP [N62909-14-1-N244] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and ARPA-E Project No. DE-AR0000335. The TEM work was supported by ONRG through the NICOP research Grant No. N62909-14-1-N244. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 21 PY 2016 VL 119 IS 19 AR 194503 DI 10.1063/1.4948958 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DO3YH UT WOS:000377718100022 ER PT J AU Nieves-Chinchilla, T Linton, MG Hidalgo, MA Vourlidas, A Savani, NP Szabo, A Farrugia, C Yu, W AF Nieves-Chinchilla, T. Linton, M. G. Hidalgo, M. A. Vourlidas, A. Savani, N. P. Szabo, A. Farrugia, C. Yu, W. TI A CIRCULAR-CYLINDRICAL FLUX-ROPE ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR MAGNETIC CLOUDS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE plasmas; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: heliosphere ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; SOLAR-WIND; 1 AU; TOPOLOGY; RECONSTRUCTION; PARAMETERS; EXPANSION; PLASMA; FIELDS AB We present an analytical model to describe magnetic flux-rope topologies. When these structures are observed embedded in Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs) with a depressed proton temperature, they are called Magnetic Clouds (MCs). Our model extends the circular-cylindrical concept of Hidalgo et al. by introducing a general form for the radial dependence of the current density. This generalization provides information on the force distribution inside the flux rope in addition to the usual parameters of MC geometrical information and orientation. The generalized model provides flexibility for implementation in 3D MHD simulations. Here, we evaluate its performance in the reconstruction of MCs in in situ observations. Four Earth-directed ICME events, observed by the Wind spacecraft, are used to validate the technique. The events are selected from the ICME Wind list with the magnetic obstacle boundaries chosen consistently with the magnetic field and plasma in situ observations and with a new parameter (EPP, the Electron Pitch angle distribution Parameter) which quantifies the bidirectionally of the plasma electrons. The goodness of the fit is evaluated with a single correlation parameter to enable comparative analysis of the events. In general, at first glance, the model fits the selected events very well. However, a detailed analysis of events with signatures of significant compression indicates the need to explore geometries other than the circular-cylindrical. An extension of our current modeling framework to account for such non-circular CMEs will be presented in a forthcoming publication. C1 [Nieves-Chinchilla, T.] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Nieves-Chinchilla, T.; Savani, N. P.; Szabo, A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Linton, M. G.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hidalgo, M. A.] UAH, Dept Fis, Madrid, Spain. [Vourlidas, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. [Savani, N. P.] Univ Maryland, Goddard Planetary Heliophys Inst, College Pk, MD USA. [Farrugia, C.; Yu, W.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Farrugia, C.; Yu, W.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Nieves-Chinchilla, T (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA.; Nieves-Chinchilla, T (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. EM Teresa.Nieves@nasa.gov RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009; Hidalgo, Miguel/L-5826-2014 OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948; Hidalgo, Miguel/0000-0003-1617-2037 FU NASA; MFI/Wind NASA mission; SECCHI/STEREO NASA mission; JHU/APL internal funds; [MNX13AP39G] FX T.N.-C., M.G.L., and A.V. are supported by NASA through the LWS program. T.N.-C. is supported by MFI/Wind and SECCHI/STEREO NASA missions. A.V. is supported by JHU/APL internal funds. C.F. and W.Y. are supported by MNX13AP39G. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 20 PY 2016 VL 823 IS 1 AR 27 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/823/1/27 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DN6WD UT WOS:000377216300027 ER PT J AU Pick, M Stenborg, G Demoulin, P Zucca, P Lecacheux, A AF Pick, M. Stenborg, G. Demoulin, P. Zucca, P. Lecacheux, A. TI HOMOLOGOUS SOLAR EVENTS ON 2011 JANUARY 27: BUILD-UP AND PROPAGATION IN A COMPLEX CORONAL ENVIRONMENT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: flares; Sun: radio radiation ID II RADIO-BURST; STANDARD FLARE MODEL; MASS-EJECTION; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; SHOCK-WAVES; WHITE-LIGHT; FLUX ROPE; X-RAY; QUADRATURE OBSERVATIONS; ELECTRIC-CURRENTS AB In spite of the wealth of imaging observations at the extreme-ultraviolet (EUV), X-ray, and radio wavelengths, there are still relatively few cases where all of the imagery is available to study the full development of a coronal mass ejection (CME) event and its associated shock. The aim of this study is to contribute to the understanding of the role of the coronal environment in the development of CMEs and the formation of shocks, and their propagation. We have analyzed the interactions of a couple of homologous CME events with ambient coronal structures. Both events were launched in a direction far from the local vertical, and exhibited a radical change in their direction of propagation during their progression from the low corona into higher altitudes. Observations at EUV wavelengths from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly instrument on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory were used to track the events in the low corona. The development of the events at higher altitudes was followed by the white-light coronagraphs on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory. Radio emissions produced during the development of the events were well recorded by the Nancay solar instruments. Thanks to their detection of accelerated electrons, the radio observations are an important complement to the EUV imaging. They allowed us to characterize the development of the associated shocks, and helped to unveil the physical processes behind the complex interactions between the CMEs and ambient medium (e.g., compression, reconnection). C1 [Pick, M.; Demoulin, P.; Zucca, P.; Lecacheux, A.] Univ Paris 06, Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, LESIA Observ Paris, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92190 Meudon, France. [Stenborg, G.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Stenborg, G.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Pick, M (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, LESIA Observ Paris, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92190 Meudon, France. FU NASA [NNX11AD40G]; NSF [AGS-1155015]; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES); French program on Solar Terrestrial Physics (PNST) of CNRS/INSU; CNRS; Paris Observatory FX We thank the referee for the careful consideration of the manuscript and the helpful comments which helped improve the paper. The AIA data used here are courtesy of SDO (NASA) and the AIA consortium. The SECCHI data are courtesy of STEREO and the SECCHI consortium. The STEREO/SECCHI data are produced by a consortium of NRL (USA), LMSAL (USA), NASA/GSFC (USA), RAL (UK), UBHAM (UK), MPS (Germany), CSL (Belgium), IOTA (France), and IAS (France). SOHO is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. The work of G.S. was partly funded by NASA contract NNX11AD40G and NSF award AGS-1155015. M.P. acknowledges the support from the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales and (CNES) and from the French program on Solar Terrestrial Physics (PNST) of CNRS/INSU. The NRH and DAM are both funded by the CNRS and by the Paris Observatory. We are also grateful to Yi-Ming Wang for providing us the coronal extrapolation of the photospheric magnetic field and to Mark Linton for his helpful comments and corrections of the manuscript. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 20 PY 2016 VL 823 IS 1 AR 5 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/823/1/5 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DN6WD UT WOS:000377216300005 ER PT J AU Tanaka, YT Itoh, R Uemura, M Inoue, Y Cheung, CC Watanabe, M Kawabata, KS Fukazawa, Y Yatsu, Y Yoshii, T Tachibana, Y Fujiwara, T Saito, Y Kawai, N Kimura, M Isogai, K Kato, T Akitaya, H Kawabata, M Nakaoka, T Shiki, K Yoshida, KTM Yoshida, M Imai, M Gouda, S Gouda, Y Akimoto, H Honda, S Hosoya, K Ikebe, A Morihana, K Ohshima, T Takagi, Y Takahashi, J Watanabe, K Kuroda, D Morokuma, T Murata, K Nagayama, T Nogami, D Oasa, Y Sekiguchi, K AF Tanaka, Y. T. Itoh, R. Uemura, M. Inoue, Y. Cheung, C. C. Watanabe, M. Kawabata, K. S. Fukazawa, Y. Yatsu, Y. Yoshii, T. Tachibana, Y. Fujiwara, T. Saito, Y. Kawai, N. Kimura, M. Isogai, K. Kato, T. Akitaya, H. Kawabata, M. Nakaoka, T. Shiki, K. Takaki, K. Yoshida, M. Imai, M. Gouda, S. Gouda, Y. Akimoto, H. Honda, S. Hosoya, K. Ikebe, A. Morihana, K. Ohshima, T. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, J. Watanabe, K. Kuroda, D. Morokuma, T. Murata, K. Nagayama, T. Nogami, D. Oasa, Y. Sekiguchi, K. TI NO EVIDENCE OF INTRINSIC OPTICAL/NEAR-INFRARED LINEAR POLARIZATION FOR V404 CYGNI DURING ITS BRIGHT OUTBURST IN 2015: BROADBAND MODELING AND CONSTRAINT ON JET PARAMETERS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; infrared: stars; polarization; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; stars: individual (V404 Cyg); stars: jets ID X-RAY BINARIES; BLACK-HOLE; RELATIVISTIC JETS; FERMI-LAT; BLAZARS; EMISSION; SYSTEMS; OBJECTS; SUZAKU; MASS AB We present simultaneous optical and near-infrared (NIR) polarimetric results for the black hole binary V404 Cyg spanning the duration of its seven-day-long optically brightest phase of its 2015 June outburst. The simultaneous R- and K-s-band light curves showed almost the same temporal variation except for the isolated (similar to 30-minute duration) orphan K-s-band flare observed at MJD 57193.54. We did not find any significant temporal variation of polarization degree (PD) and position angle (PA) in both R and K-s bands throughout our observations, including the duration of the orphan NIR flare. We show that the observed PD and PA are predominantly interstellar in origin by comparing the V404 Cyg polarimetric results with those of the surrounding sources within the 7' x 7' field of view. The low intrinsic PD (less than a few percent) implies that the optical and NIR emissions are dominated by either disk or optically thick synchrotron emission, or both. We also present the broadband spectra of V404 Cyg during the orphan NIR flare and a relatively faint and steady state by including quasi-simultaneous Swift/XRT and INTEGRAL fluxes. By adopting a single-zone synchrotron plus inverse-Compton model as widely used in modeling of blazars, we constrained the parameters of a putative jet. Because the jet synchrotron component cannot exceed the Swift/XRT disk/corona flux, the cutoff Lorentz factor in the electron energy distribution is constrained to be < 10(2), suggesting that particle acceleration is less efficient in this microquasar jet outburst compared to active galactic nucleus jets. We also suggest that the loading of the baryon component inside the jet is inevitable based on energetic arguments. C1 [Tanaka, Y. T.; Uemura, M.; Kawabata, K. S.; Fukazawa, Y.; Akitaya, H.; Yoshida, M.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Itoh, R.; Kawabata, M.; Nakaoka, T.; Shiki, K.; Takaki, K.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Inoue, Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Cheung, C. C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Watanabe, M.; Imai, M.; Gouda, S.; Gouda, Y.] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Cosmosci, Kita Ku, Kita 10,Nishi 8, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. [Yatsu, Y.; Yoshii, T.; Tachibana, Y.; Fujiwara, T.; Saito, Y.; Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, 2-12-1 Ohokayama, Tokyo, Japan. [Kimura, M.; Isogai, K.; Kato, T.; Nogami, D.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kitashirakawa Oiwake Cho, Kyoto, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Akimoto, H.; Honda, S.; Hosoya, K.; Ikebe, A.; Morihana, K.; Ohshima, T.; Takagi, Y.; Takahashi, J.; Watanabe, K.] Univ Hyogo, Ctr Astron, 407-2 Nishigaichi, Sayo, Hyogo 6795313, Japan. [Kuroda, D.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Okayama Astrophys Observ, Asakuchi, Okayama 7190232, Japan. [Morokuma, T.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Inst Astron, Mitaka, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. [Murata, K.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Chikusa Ku, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Nagayama, T.] Kagoshima Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Kagoshima 8900065, Japan. [Oasa, Y.] Saitama Univ, Fac Educ, Sakura, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Sekiguchi, K.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. RP Tanaka, YT (reprint author), Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. EM ytanaka@hep01.hepl.hiroshima-u.ac.jp FU Optical & Near-Infrared Astronomy Inter-University Cooperation Program; MEXT of Japan; Kakenhi [15K17652, 25120007]; NASA [DPR S-15633-Y] FX We appreciate the anonymous referee's constructive comments that helped to improve the manuscript. We thank Dr. Trushkin and Dr. Rodriguez for providing us with their RATAN-600 and INTEGRAL data, respectively. This work is supported by the Optical & Near-Infrared Astronomy Inter-University Cooperation Program and the MEXT of Japan. We acknowledge with thanks the variable star observations from the AAVSO International Database contributed by observers worldwide and used in this research. Y.T.T. is supported by Kakenhi 15K17652. M.U. is supported by Kakenhi 25120007. C.C.C. is supported at NRL by NASA DPR S-15633-Y. M.W. is supported by Kakenhi 25707007. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 20 PY 2016 VL 823 IS 1 AR 35 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/823/1/35 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DN6WD UT WOS:000377216300035 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Albert, A Anderson, B Arimoto, M Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Baring, MG Bastieri, D Gonzalez, JB Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonino, R Bottacini, E Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Britto, RJ Bruel, P Buehler, R Burnett, TH Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caputo, R Caragiulo, M Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Condon, B Costanza, F Cuoco, A Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Palma, F Desiante, R Digel, SW Di Lalla, N Di Mauro, M Di Venere, L Dominguez, A Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Franckowiak, A Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Giglietto, N Giomi, M Giommi, P Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Gomez-Vargas, GA Granot, J Green, D Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Harding, AK Hays, E Hewitt, JW Hill, AB Horan, D Jogler, T Johannesson, G Kamae, T Kensei, S Kocevski, D Kuss, M La Mura, G Larsson, S Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Li, J Li, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Magill, J Maldera, S Manfreda, A Marelli, M Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Meyer, M Michelson, PF Mirabal, N Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monzani, ME Moretti, E Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Negro, M Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orienti, M Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Racusin, JL Raino, S Rando, R Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rochester, LS Romani, RW Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Simone, D Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Spada, F Spandre, G Spinelli, P Suson, DJ Tajima, H Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Venters, TM Vianello, G Wood, KS Wood, M Zaharijas, G Zhu, S Zimmer, S AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Albert, A. Anderson, B. Arimoto, M. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. G. Bastieri, D. Gonzalez, J. Becerra Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonino, R. Bottacini, E. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Britto, R. J. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Burnett, T. H. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caputo, R. Caragiulo, M. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Condon, B. Costanza, F. Cuoco, A. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Palma, F. Desiante, R. Digel, S. W. Di Lalla, N. Di Mauro, M. Di Venere, L. Dominguez, A. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Franckowiak, A. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Giglietto, N. Giomi, M. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Gomez-Vargas, G. A. Granot, J. Green, D. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Harding, A. K. Hays, E. Hewitt, J. W. Hill, A. B. Horan, D. Jogler, T. Johannesson, G. Kamae, T. Kensei, S. Kocevski, D. Kuss, M. La Mura, G. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Li, J. Li, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Magill, J. Maldera, S. Manfreda, A. Marelli, M. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Meyer, M. Michelson, P. F. Mirabal, N. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monzani, M. E. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Negro, M. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Racusin, J. L. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Romani, R. W. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Simone, D. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Spada, F. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Venters, T. M. Vianello, G. Wood, K. S. Wood, M. Zaharijas, G. Zhu, S. Zimmer, S. TI FERMI-LAT OBSERVATIONS OF THE LIGO EVENT GW150914 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray burst: general; gamma-rays: general; gravitational waves; methods: observational ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; NEUTRON-STAR MERGERS; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPART; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; LIKELIHOOD RATIO; GEV EMISSION; GRB 090510; AFTERGLOW; SIMULATION AB The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) has an instantaneous field of view (FoV) covering similar to 1/5 of the sky and it completes a survey of the entire sky in high-energy gamma-rays every 3 hr. It enables searches for transient phenomena over timescales from milliseconds to years. Among these phenomena could be electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave (GW) sources. In this paper, we present a detailed study of the LAT observations relevant to Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) event GW150914, which is the first direct detection of gravitational waves and has been interpreted as being due to the coalescence of two stellar-mass black holes. The localization region for GW150914 was outside the LAT FoV at the time of the GW signal. However, as part of routine survey observations, the LAT observed the entire LIGO localization region within similar to 70 minutes of the trigger and thus enabled a comprehensive search for a.-ray counterpart to GW150914. The study of the LAT data presented here did not find any potential counterparts to GW150914, but it did provide limits on the presence of a transient counterpart above 100 MeV on timescales of hours to days over the entire GW150914 localization region. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Buehler, R.; Giomi, M.; Mayer, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.; Dominguez, A.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Albert, A.; Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chekhtman, A.; Chiang, J.; Digel, S. W.; Di Mauro, M.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Franckowiak, A.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Albert, A.; Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chekhtman, A.; Chiang, J.; Digel, S. W.; Di Mauro, M.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Franckowiak, A.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Anderson, B.; Meyer, M.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Anderson, B.; Larsson, S.; Meyer, M.; Torres, D. F.; Zimmer, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Arimoto, M.; Uchiyama, Y.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Atwood, W. B.; Caputo, R.; Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Caputo, R.; Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Minami Osawa 1-1, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, Serv Astrophys, CEA,IRFU,CNRS,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, MS 108,POB 1892, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Chiaro, G.; La Mura, G.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Albert, A.; Gonzalez, J. Becerra; Brandt, T. J.; Buson, S.; Chekhtman, A.; Ferrara, E. C.; Gehrels, N.; Green, D.; Guiriec, S.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; Kocevski, D.; McEnery, J. E.; Mirabal, N.; Perkins, J. S.; Racusin, J. L.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.; Venters, T. M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Gonzalez, J. Becerra; Green, D.; Magill, J.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.; Zhu, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gonzalez, J. Becerra; Green, D.; Magill, J.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.; Zhu, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bellazzini, R.; Di Lalla, N.; Kuss, M.; Manfreda, A.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Sgro, C.; Spada, F.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Caragiulo, M.; Costanza, F.; de Palma, F.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Simone, D.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Cuoco, A.; Desiante, R.; Latronico, L.; Maldera, S.; Negro, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Cuoco, A.; Negro, M.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, F-34059 Montpellier, France. [Britto, R. J.; Razzaque, S.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, POB 524, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, CNRS IN2P3, Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Buson, S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Buson, S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Buson, S.; Moiseev, A. A.] Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Buson, S.; Moiseev, A. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Chekhtman, A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Lubrano, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Condon, B.; Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux 1, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, IN2P3, CNRS, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Cutini, S.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Rome, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Kensei, S.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Funk, S.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Gomez-Vargas, G. A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Inst Astrofis, Fac Fis, Casilla 306, Santiago 22, Chile. [Gomez-Vargas, G. A.; Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Granot, J.] Open Univ Israel, Dept Nat Sci, 1 Univ Rd,POB 808, IL-43537 Raanana, Israel. [Grove, J. E.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Guillemot, L.] Univ Orleans, Lab Phys & Chim Environm & Espace, F-45071 Orleans 02, France. [Guillemot, L.] CNRS INSU, Observ Paris, Stn Radioastron Nancay, F-18330 Nancay, France. [Hadasch, D.; La Mura, G.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Hadasch, D.; La Mura, G.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Hewitt, J. W.] Univ N Florida, Dept Phys, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Hill, A. B.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Kamae, T.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Li, J.] Inst Space Sci IEEC CSIC, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Moretti, E.; Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Li, L.; Murgia, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Cosmol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tajima, H.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Tibaldo, L.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. Dept Phys, Toshima Ku, 3-34-1 Nishi Ikebukuro, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. [Zaharijas, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Zaharijas, G.] Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Zaharijas, G.] Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Vipavska 13, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia. RP Omodei, N (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Omodei, N (reprint author), Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Buson, S; McEnery, JE; Racusin, JL (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Buson, S; McEnery, JE; Racusin, JL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Buson, S; McEnery, JE; Racusin, JL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM sara.buson@gmail.com; Julie.E.McEnery@nasa.gov; nicola.omodei@stanford.edu; judith.racusin@nasa.gov RI Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Meyer, Manuel/E-2697-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; OI Torres, Diego F./0000-0002-1522-9065; Ajello, Marco/0000-0002-6584-1703; Becerra Gonzalez, Josefa/0000-0002-6729-9022; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; DI MAURO, MATTIA/0000-0003-2759-5625; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Mazziotta, Mario Nicola/0000-0001-9325-4672; Meyer, Manuel/0000-0002-0738-7581; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Hill, Adam/0000-0003-3470-4834; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785 FU Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K.A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K.A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 8 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD MAY 20 PY 2016 VL 823 IS 1 AR L2 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/823/1/L2 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DM5LY UT WOS:000376391700002 ER PT J AU Banerjee, S Sinha, S Pradhan, P Caruso, A Liebowitz, D Parrish, D Rossi, M Zajc, B AF Banerjee, Shaibal Sinha, Saikat Pradhan, Padmanava Caruso, Alessio Liebowitz, Daniel Parrish, Damon Rossi, Miriam Zajc, Barbara TI Regiospecifically Fluorinated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons via Julia-Kocienski Olefination and Oxidative Photocyclization. Effect of Fluorine Atom Substitution on Molecular Shape SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RAT MAMMARY-GLAND; INTERNAL STANDARDS; ORGANIC FLUORINE; HYDROGEN-BOND; DIOL EPOXIDE; MOUSE SKIN; STABLE ION; DERIVATIVES; DIHYDRODIOL; BENZOPYRENE AB A modular synthesis of regiospecifically fluorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is described. 1,2-Diaryl-fluoroalkenes, synthesized-via Julia-Kocienski olefination (70-99% yields), were converted to isomeric 5- and 6-fluorobenzo[c]-phenanthrene, 5-and 6-fluorochrysene, and 9- and 10-benzo[g]-chrysene (66-83% yields) by oxidative photocyclization. Photocyclization to 6-fluorochrysene proceeded more slowly than conversion of 1-styrylnaphthalene to chrysene. Higher fluoroalkene dilution led to a more rapid cyclization. Therefore, photocyclizations were performed at higher dilutions. To evaluate the effect of fluorine atom on molecular shapes, X-ray data for 5- and 6-fluorobenzo[c]-phenanthrene, 6-fluorochrysene, 9- and 10-fluorobenzo[g]chrysene, and unfluorinated chrysene as well as benzo[g]chrysene were obtained and compared. The fluorine atom caused a small deviation from planarity in the chrysene series and decreased nonplanarity in the benzo[c]phenanthrene derivatives, but its influence was most pronounced in the benzo[g]chrysene series. A remarkable flattening of the molecule was observed in 9-fluorobenzo[g]chrysene, where the short 2.055 angstrom interatomic distance between bay-region F-9 and H-8, downfield shift of H-8, and a 26.1 Hz coupling between F-9 and C-8 indicate a possible F-9 center dot center dot center dot H-8 hydrogen bond. In addition, in 9-fluorobenzo[g]chrysene, the stacking distance is short at 3.365 angstrom and there is an additional interaction between the C-11 H and C-10a of a nearby molecule that is almost perpendicular. C1 [Banerjee, Shaibal; Sinha, Saikat; Pradhan, Padmanava; Zajc, Barbara] CUNY City Coll, Dept Chem, 160 Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Zajc, Barbara] CUNY, Grad Ctr, PhD Program Chem, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Caruso, Alessio; Liebowitz, Daniel; Rossi, Miriam] Vassar Coll, Dept Chem, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604 USA. [Parrish, Damon] Naval Res Lab, Code 6030,4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zajc, B (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, Dept Chem, 160 Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA.; Zajc, B (reprint author), CUNY, Grad Ctr, PhD Program Chem, New York, NY 10016 USA.; Rossi, M (reprint author), Vassar Coll, Dept Chem, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604 USA. EM rossi@vassar.edu; bzajc@ccny.cuny.edu OI Liebowitz, Daniel/0000-0001-5870-691X FU National Science Foundation [CHE-1058618]; NIH (NIGMS) [S06 GM008168]; PSC CUNY awards; National Institutes of Health from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities [8G12MD007603] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant No. CHE-1058618) and partially by the NIH (NIGMS) (Grant No. S06 GM008168) and by PSC CUNY awards. Infrastructural support was provided by the National Institutes of Health (Gran No. 8G12MD007603) from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. We thank Dr. Andrew Poss (Honeywell) for a sample of NFSI and Dr. Sakilam Satishkumar for his assistance with obtaining some NMR spectra. We thank Ms. Wei Wei, Ms. Marikone Gasi, and Mr. Michael Benavidez for resynthesis of 1-styrylnaphthalene and (E/Z)-1-(2-fluoro-2-phenylvinyl)naphthalene for the UV measurements and Ms. Karen Lo for obtaining the UV spectra of these alkenes. We thank Mr. Satish Lakshman (Pixiedust) for the final design of the cover art and Professor Mahesh Lakshman (CCNY) for his help and advice with the musical aspects represented in the cover art. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD MAY 20 PY 2016 VL 81 IS 10 BP 3983 EP 3993 DI 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02580 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA DM6QB UT WOS:000376476400001 PM 27009471 ER PT J AU Spott, A Peters, J Davenport, ML Stanton, EJ Merritt, CD Bewley, WW Vurgaftman, I Kim, CS Meyer, JR Kirch, J Mawst, LJ Botez, D Bowers, JE AF Spott, Alexander Peters, Jon Davenport, Michael L. Stanton, Eric J. Merritt, Charles D. Bewley, William W. Vurgaftman, Igor Kim, Chul Soo Meyer, Jerry R. Kirch, Jeremy Mawst, Luke J. Botez, Dan Bowers, John E. TI Quantum cascade laser on silicon SO OPTICA LA English DT Article ID FREQUENCY COMB GENERATION; WAVE-GUIDES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; CHIP; INP AB The mid-infrared spectral region, 2-20 mu m, is of great interest for sensing and detection applications, in part because the vibrational transition energies of numerous molecules fall in that region. Silicon photonics is a promising technology to address many of these applications on a single integrated, low-cost platform. Near-infrared light sources, heterogeneously integrated on silicon, have existed for more than a decade, and there have been numerous incorporations of mid-infrared optical devices on silicon platforms. However, no lasers fully integrated onto silicon have previously been demonstrated for wavelengths longer than 2.0 mu m. Here we report, to the best of our knowledge, the first quantum cascade lasers on silicon emitting 4.8 mu m light, integrated with silicon-on-nitride-on-insulator (SONOI) waveguides, and operating in pulsed mode at room temperature. The broadband and versatile nature of both quantum cascade lasers and the SONOI platform suggests that this development can be expanded to build photonic integrated circuits throughout the near- and mid-infrared on the same chip. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Spott, Alexander; Peters, Jon; Davenport, Michael L.; Stanton, Eric J.; Bowers, John E.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Merritt, Charles D.; Bewley, William W.; Vurgaftman, Igor; Kim, Chul Soo; Meyer, Jerry R.] Naval Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kirch, Jeremy; Mawst, Luke J.; Botez, Dan] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1415 Johnson Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Spott, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM spott@ece.ucsb.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-13-C-0147]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [DGE 1144085] FX Office of Naval Research (ONR) (N00014-13-C-0147); National Science Foundation (NSF) (DGE 1144085). NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 30 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2334-2536 J9 OPTICA JI Optica PD MAY 20 PY 2016 VL 3 IS 5 BP 545 EP 551 DI 10.1364/OPTICA.3.000545 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA DM5NE UT WOS:000376395400015 ER PT J AU Zheng, F Brehm, JA Young, SM Kim, Y Rappe, AM AF Zheng, Fan Brehm, John A. Young, Steve M. Kim, Youngkuk Rappe, Andrew M. TI Substantial optical dielectric enhancement by volume compression in LiAsSe2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOPOTENTIALS AB Based on first-principles calculations, we predict a substantial increase in the optical dielectric function of LiAsSe2 under pressure. We find that the optical dielectric constant is enhanced threefold under compression along all three axes by 3%. This enhancement is mainly due to the dimerization strength reduction of the one-dimensional (1D) As-Se chains in LiAsSe2, which significantly alters the wave function phase mismatch between two neighboring chains and changes the transition intensity. By developing a tight-binding model of the interacting 1D chains, the essential features of the low-energy electronic structure of LiAsSe2 are captured. Our findings are important for understanding the fundamental physics of LiAsSe2 and provide a feasible way to enhance the material optical response that can be applied to light harvesting for energy applications. C1 [Zheng, Fan; Brehm, John A.; Kim, Youngkuk; Rappe, Andrew M.] Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Makineni Theoret Labs, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Young, Steve M.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zheng, F (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Makineni Theoret Labs, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER46431]; National Science Foundation [DMR-1124696, DMR-1120901]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-1-0664, N00014-12-1-1033]; National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the US Naval Research Laboratory FX F.Z. was supported by the Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER46431. J.A.B. was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR-1124696. S.M.Y. was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Grant No. N00014-11-1-0664, and a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the US Naval Research Laboratory. Y.K. was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR-1120901. A.M.R. was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Grant No. N00014-12-1-1033. The authors acknowledge computational support from the HPCMO of the DOD and the NERSC center of the DOE. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAY 20 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 19 AR 195210 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.195210 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DM3MF UT WOS:000376249800005 ER PT J AU Lanzagorta, M Salgado, M AF Lanzagorta, Marco Salgado, Marcelo TI Detection of gravitational frame dragging using orbiting qubits SO CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY LA English DT Article DE quantum information; classical gravitational fields; frame dragging; quantum sensing; wigner rotation ID QUANTUM FIELD-THEORY; SCHWARZSCHILD; ENTANGLEMENT; RELATIVITY; SPACE; SPIN AB In this paper we propose information theoretic and interferometric techniques to detect the effect of gravitational frame dragging on orbiting qubits. In particular, we consider the Kerr spacetime geometry and spin-1/2 qubits moving in equatorial circular orbits. We ignore the O ((h) over bar) order effects due to spin-curvature coupling, which allows us to consider the motion of the spin-1/2 particles as Kerr geometry geodesics. We derive analytical expressions for the infinitesimal Wigner rotation and numerical results for their integration across the length of the particle's trajectory. To this end, we consider the bounds on the finite Wigner rotation imposed by Penrose's cosmic censorship hypothesis. Finally we propose how the Wigner rotation strictly due to frame dragging could be observed using interferometry and other quantum metrology techniques. C1 [Lanzagorta, Marco] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Salgado, Marcelo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, AP 70-543, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Lanzagorta, M (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. EM marco.lanzagorta@nrl.navy.mil; marcelo@nucleares.unam.mx FU DGAPA UNAM [IN107113]; Conacyt [CB166656] FX MS is supported partially by DGAPA UNAM grant IN107113 and Conacyt grant CB166656. Several computations were performed and checked by a MATHEMATICA algebraic-manipulation code developed by the authors. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0264-9381 EI 1361-6382 J9 CLASSICAL QUANT GRAV JI Class. Quantum Gravity PD MAY 19 PY 2016 VL 33 IS 10 AR 105013 DI 10.1088/0264-9381/33/10/105013 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA DK3QY UT WOS:000374833700013 ER PT J AU Ponce, A Brostoff, LB Gibbons, SK Zavalij, P Viragh, C Hooper, J Alnemrat, S Gaskell, KJ Eichhorn, B AF Ponce, Aldo Brostoff, Lynn B. Gibbons, Sarah K. Zavalij, Peter Viragh, Carol Hooper, Joseph Alnemrat, Sufian Gaskell, Karen J. Eichhorn, Bryan TI Elucidation of the Fe(III) Gallate Structure in Historical Iron Gall Ink SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ACID; COMPLEXES; CORROSION; DEGRADATION; IRON(III); CELLULOSE; MODEL AB Synthetic, structural, spectroscopic and aging studies conclusively show that the main colorant of historical iron gall ink (IGI) is an amorphous form of Fe(III) gallate. xH(2)O (x = similar to 1.5-3.2). Comparisons between experimental samples and historical documents, including an 18th century hand-written manuscript by George Washington, by IR and Raman spectroscopy, XRD, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Mossbauer spectroscopy confirm the relationship between the model and authentic samples. These studies settle controversy in the cultural heritage field, where an alternative structure for Fe(III) gallate has been commonly cited. C1 [Ponce, Aldo; Gibbons, Sarah K.; Zavalij, Peter; Gaskell, Karen J.; Eichhorn, Bryan] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Brostoff, Lynn B.] Lib Congress, Preservat Res & Testing Div, 101 Independence Ave SE, Washington, DC 20540 USA. [Viragh, Carol] Catholic Univ Amer, Vitreous State Lab, 400 Hannan Hall,620 Michigan Ave NE, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Hooper, Joseph; Alnemrat, Sufian] Naval Postgrad Sch Monterey, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Gaskell, KJ; Eichhorn, B (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Brostoff, LB (reprint author), Lib Congress, Preservat Res & Testing Div, 101 Independence Ave SE, Washington, DC 20540 USA. EM lbrostoff@loc.gov; kgaskell@umd.edu; eichhorn@umd.edu FU Library of Congress; Howard Hughes Medical Institute for an HHMI Fellowship; University of Maryland FX We thank the Library of Congress, Howard Hughes Medical Institute for an HHMI Fellowship (S.K.G.), and the University of Maryland for financial support. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAY 17 PY 2016 VL 88 IS 10 BP 5152 EP 5158 DI 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00088 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA DM3CD UT WOS:000376223500021 PM 27058399 ER PT J AU Barrett, BS Campos, DA Veloso, JV Rondanelli, R AF Barrett, Bradford S. Campos, Diego A. Vicencio Veloso, Jose Rondanelli, Roberto TI Extreme temperature and precipitation events in March 2015 in central and northern Chile SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID CUTOFF LOW SYSTEMS; SOUTH-AMERICA; MEAN STRUCTURE; WEST-COAST; PACIFIC; LOWS; BLOCKING; HEMISPHERE; OCEAN; ANDES AB From 18 to 27 March 2015, northern, central, and southern Chile experienced a series of extreme hydrometeorological events. First, the highest surface air temperature ever recorded in Santiago (with reliable records dating to 1877), 36.8 degrees C at Quinta Normal, was measured at 15:47 local time on 20 March 2015. Immediately following this high heat event, an extreme precipitation event, with damaging streamflows from precipitation totals greater than 45 mm, occurred in the semiarid and hyperarid Atacama regions. Finally, concurrent with the heavy precipitation event, extremely warm temperatures were recorded throughout southern Chile. These events were examined from a synoptic perspective with the goal of identifying forcing mechanisms and potential interaction between each analysis which provides operational context by which to identify and predict similar events in the future. Primary findings were as follows:(1) record warm temperatures in central Chile resulted from anomalous lower troposphere ridging and easterly downslope flow, both of which developed in response to an anomalous midtroposphere ridge-trough pattern; (2) a cutoff low with anomalous heights near one standard deviation below normal slowly moved east and was steered ashore near 25 degrees S by circulation around a very strong ridge (anomalies more than 3 standard deviations above normal) centered near 60 degrees S; (3) anomalously high precipitable water content (20 mm above climatological norms) over the Peruvian Bight region was advected southward and eastward ahead of the cutoff low by low-level northwesterly flow, greatly enhancing observed precipitation over northern Chile. C1 [Barrett, Bradford S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Oceanog, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Campos, Diego A.; Rondanelli, Roberto] Univ Chile, Dept Geophys, Santiago, Chile. [Campos, Diego A.] Univ Chile, Ctr Nacl Medio Ambiente, Santiago, Chile. [Campos, Diego A.] Direcc Meteorol Chile, Aplicac Satelitales, Santiago, Chile. [Vicencio Veloso, Jose] Direcc Meteorol Chile, Meteorol Agr, Santiago, Chile. [Rondanelli, Roberto] CR 2, Santiago, Chile. RP Barrett, BS (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Oceanog, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM bbarrett@usna.edu RI Rondanelli, Roberto/A-4717-2012; OI Rondanelli, Roberto/0000-0002-7440-7810; Vicencio Veloso, Jose/0000-0002-9464-0126 FU International Programs Office of the U.S. Naval Academy; FONDAP Research Center [(CR)2 (15110009)] FX The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and feedback. The collaborative idea for this study was inspired by travel funded by the International Programs Office of the U.S. Naval Academy. R.R. acknowledges support from FONDAP Research Center (CR) 2 (15110009). All data for this paper is properly cited and referred to in the manuscript and reference list. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAY 16 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 9 BP 4563 EP 4580 DI 10.1002/2016JD024835 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DR2DS UT WOS:000379715800010 ER PT J AU Toon, OB Maring, H Dibb, J Ferrare, R Jacob, DJ Jensen, EJ Luo, ZJ Mace, GG Pan, LL Pfister, L Rosenlof, KH Redemann, J Reid, JS Singh, HB Thompson, AM Yokelson, R Minnis, P Chen, G Jucks, KW Pszenny, A AF Toon, Owen B. Maring, Hal Dibb, Jack Ferrare, Richard Jacob, Daniel J. Jensen, Eric J. Luo, Z. Johnny Mace, Gerald G. Pan, Laura L. Pfister, Lenny Rosenlof, Karen H. Redemann, Jens Reid, Jeffrey S. Singh, Hanwant B. Thompson, Anne M. Yokelson, Robert Minnis, Patrick Chen, Gao Jucks, Kenneth W. Pszenny, Alex TI Planning, implementation, and scientific goals of the Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC(4)RS) field mission SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; STRATOSPHERIC WATER-VAPOR; TROPOPAUSE AEROSOL LAYER; FOREST-FIRE SMOKE; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; ISOPRENE EMISSIONS; LOWERMOST STRATOSPHERE; AIRBORNE MEASUREMENTS; UPPER TROPOSPHERE; NORTH-AMERICA AB The Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC(4)RS) fieldmission based at Ellington Field, Texas, during August and September 2013 employed the most comprehensive airborne payload to date to investigate atmospheric composition over North America. The NASA ER-2, DC-8, and SPEC Inc. Learjet flew 57 science flights fromthe surface to 20 km. The ER-2 employed seven remote sensing instruments as a satellite surrogate and eight in situ instruments. The DC-8 employed 23 in situ and five remote sensing instruments for radiation, chemistry, and microphysics. The Learjet used 11 instruments to explore cloud microphysics. SEAC(4)RS launched numerous balloons, augmented AErosol RObotic NETwork, and collaborated with many existing ground measurement sites. Flights investigating convection included close coordination of all three aircraft. Coordinated DC-8 and ER-2 flights investigated the optical properties of aerosols, the influence of aerosols on clouds, and the performance of new instruments for satellite measurements of clouds and aerosols. ER-2 sorties sampled stratospheric injections of water vapor and other chemicals by local and distant convection. DC-8 flights studied seasonally evolving chemistry in the Southeastern U.S., atmospheric chemistry with lower emissions of NOx and SO2 than in previous decades, isoprene chemistry under high and lowNO(x) conditions at different locations, organic aerosols, air pollution near Houston and in petroleum fields, smoke from wildfires in western forests and from agricultural fires in the Mississippi Valley, and the ways in which the chemistry in the boundary layer and the upper troposphere were influenced by vertical transport in convective clouds. C1 [Toon, Owen B.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO USA. [Toon, Owen B.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO USA. [Maring, Hal; Jucks, Kenneth W.; Pszenny, Alex] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC USA. [Dibb, Jack] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Earth Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Dibb, Jack] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Ferrare, Richard; Minnis, Patrick; Chen, Gao] NASA Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA USA. [Jacob, Daniel J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA USA. [Jensen, Eric J.; Pfister, Lenny; Redemann, Jens; Singh, Hanwant B.] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Luo, Z. Johnny] CUNY City Coll, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, New York, NY USA. [Luo, Z. Johnny] CUNY City Coll, Cooperat Remote Sensing Sci & Technol Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Mace, Gerald G.] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Pan, Laura L.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Rosenlof, Karen H.] NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Reid, Jeffrey S.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Thompson, Anne M.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Yokelson, Robert] Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Toon, OB (reprint author), Univ Colorado Boulder, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO USA.; Toon, OB (reprint author), Univ Colorado Boulder, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO USA. EM toon@lasp.colorado.edu RI Rosenlof, Karen/B-5652-2008; Yokelson, Robert/C-9971-2011; Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Thompson, Anne /C-3649-2014 OI Rosenlof, Karen/0000-0002-0903-8270; Yokelson, Robert/0000-0002-8415-6808; Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955; Thompson, Anne /0000-0002-7829-0920 FU NASA Earth Science Program; Naval Research Laboratory; NASA [NNX12AC64G, NNX14AR56G] FX SEAC4RS was organized and funded by the NASA Earth Science Program and the Naval Research Laboratory. We thank the aircraft managers, engineers, and ground crews of all the aircraft that participated in SEAC4RS. We particularly thank the pilots of the ER-2 Tim Williams, Denis Steele, Dan Neely, and Stuart Broce; mobile pilot Jan Nystrom; and the DC-8 pilots Frank Batteas, Wayne Ringelberg, Manny Puerta, Denis Steele, Troy Asher, Nils Larson, and Bill Brockett. The DC-8 navigators, Carl Magnusson, Alan Rabb, Keith Schilawski, Ben Williams, Jeff Wilson, and Jeff Texcellwere essential to flight planning and to helping adjust flight patterns in real time. NASA's Armstrong Flight Research Center Airborne Science Directorate provided excellent support for the aircraft. We thank Bruce Tagg, the Airborne Science Program manager; ER-2 aircraft mission managers, Tim Moes and Chris Miller; the DC-8 mission manager, Frank Cutler, as well as Rick Shetter. The NASA Ames Earth Science Project Office made tremendous contributions to the operations and overall success of SEAC4RS. Our special thanks go to Kent Shiffer, Jhony Zavaleta, Mike Craig, David Jordan, Sue Tolley, Quincy Allison, Dan Chirica, Erin Czech, Erin Justice, and Katja Drdla. We are grateful for the support of the NASA Langley Clouds Group, especially Rabi Palikonda, Louis Nguyen, Kris Bedka, Bill Smith, Jr., Kirk Ayers, Chris Yost, Doug Spangenberg, Michele Nordeen, Dave Duda, Robyn Boeke, Thad Chee, and Ben Scarino. We appreciated Kathy Thompson for her dedication and effort throughout the planning and postmission analysis of SEAC4RS. The airport personnel at NASA's Johnson spaceflight center and Ellington Field were very helpful to the mission. We especially thank Dick Clark, Chief of the Aircraft Operations Division; Gary Ash, Chief of Aircraft Maintenance; Arne Aamodt and Kevin Lasenski from the Aircraft Operations Division; Noreen McLeroy for IT support; Lisa Buswell, Administrative Officer; Rose Garder, International Visits Coordinator; and, Frank Newman for laboratory and building support in Building 994. Jim Crawford, at NASA's Langley Research Center, played a key role in planning the SEAC4RS field mission. The SEAC4RS data are now in the public domain and can be accessed at http://www-air. larc. nasa. gov/cgi-bin/ArcView/seac4rs. Alternatively one can locate the data at www. doi. org using doi: 10.5067/Aircraft/SEAC4RS/Aerosol-TraceGas-Cloud. O. B. Toon was supported by NASA awards NNX12AC64G and NNX14AR56G. NR 72 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 16 U2 24 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAY 16 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 9 BP 4967 EP 5009 DI 10.1002/2015JD024297 PG 43 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DR2DS UT WOS:000379715800033 ER PT J AU Weiblen, RJ Menyuk, CR Busse, LE Shaw, LB Sanghera, JS Aggarwal, ID AF Weiblen, R. J. Menyuk, C. R. Busse, L. E. Shaw, L. B. Sanghera, J. S. Aggarwal, I. D. TI Optimized moth-eye anti-reflective structures for As2S3 chalcogenide optical fibers SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID INDEX; SURFACES; DOMAIN; LIGHT; ARRAY AB We computationally investigate moth-eye anti-reflective nanostructures imprinted on the endfaces of As2S3 chalcogenide optical fibers. With a goal of maximizing the transmission through the endfaces, we investigate the effect of changing the parameters of the structure, including the height, width, period, shape, and angle-of-incidence. Using these results, we design two different moth-eye structures that can theoretically achieve almost 99.9% average transmisison through an As2S3 surface. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Weiblen, R. J.; Menyuk, C. R.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, TRC 203,1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Busse, L. E.; Shaw, L. B.; Sanghera, J. S.] Naval Res Lab, Code 5620, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Aggarwal, I. D.] Sotera Def Solut, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Weiblen, RJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, TRC 203,1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM ro2@umbc.edu NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 15 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD MAY 16 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 10 DI 10.1364/OE.24.010172 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA DM5IE UT WOS:000376380700025 PM 27409844 ER PT J AU Basu, R Kinnamon, D Skaggs, N Womack, J AF Basu, Rajratan Kinnamon, Daniel Skaggs, Nicole Womack, James TI Faster in-plane switching and reduced rotational viscosity characteristics in a graphene-nematic suspension SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CRYSTAL DISPLAYS; PRETILT ANGLE; TRANSIENT CURRENT; CARBON NANOTUBES; THERMAL MANAGEMENT; MODE; ALIGNMENT; CELL AB The in-plane switching (IPS) for a nematic liquid crystal (LC) was found to be considerably faster when the LC was doped with dilute concentrations of monolayer graphene flakes. Additional studies revealed that the presence of graphene reduced the rotational viscosity of the LC, permitting the nematic director to respond quicker in IPS mode on turning the electric field on. The studies were carried out with several graphene concentrations in the LC, and the experimental results coherently suggest that there exists an optimal concentration of graphene, allowing a reduction in the IPS response time and rotational viscosity in the LC. Above this optimal graphene concentration, the rotational viscosity was found to increase, and consequently, the LC no longer switched faster in IPS mode. The presence of graphene suspension was also found to decrease the LC's pretilt angle significantly due to the p-p electron stacking between the LC molecules and graphene flakes. To understand the p-p stacking interaction, the anchoring mechanism of the LC on a CVD grown monolayer graphene film on copper substrate was studied by reflected crossed polarized microscopy. Optical microphotographs revealed that the LC alignment direction depended on monolayer graphene's hexagonal crystal structure and its orientation. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Basu, Rajratan; Kinnamon, Daniel; Skaggs, Nicole; Womack, James] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Soft Matter & Nanomat Lab, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Basu, R (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Soft Matter & Nanomat Lab, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM basu@usna.edu OI Basu, Rajratan/0000-0003-2417-1827 NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 13 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 14 PY 2016 VL 119 IS 18 AR 185107 DI 10.1063/1.4949481 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DO3YB UT WOS:000377717500038 ER PT J AU Grun, J Cranch, GA Lunsford, R Compton, S Walton, OR Weaver, J Dunlop, W Fournier, KB AF Grun, J. Cranch, G. A. Lunsford, R. Compton, S. Walton, O. R. Weaver, J. Dunlop, W. Fournier, K. B. TI Scaled experiments of explosions in cavities SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-EXPLOSIONS; BLAST WAVES; PRESSURE; SHOCK AB Consequences of an explosion inside an air-filled cavity under the earth's surface are partly duplicated in a laboratory experiment on spatial scales 1000 smaller. The experiment measures shock pressures coupled into a block of material by an explosion inside a gas-filled cavity therein. The explosion is generated by suddenly heating a thin foil that is located near the cavity center with a short laser pulse, which turns the foil into expanding plasma, most of whose energy drives a blast wave in the cavity gas. Variables in the experiment are the cavity radius and explosion energy. Measurements and GEODYN code simulations show that shock pressures measured in the block exhibit a weak dependence on scaled cavity radius up to similar to 25 m/kt(1/3), above which they decrease rapidly. Possible mechanisms giving rise to this behavior are described. The applicability of this work to validating codes used to simulate full-scale cavity explosions is discussed. C1 [Grun, J.; Lunsford, R.; Weaver, J.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cranch, G. A.] Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Compton, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Def Technol Engn Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Walton, O. R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmosphere Earth & Energy Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Dunlop, W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program N, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Fournier, K. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, NIF User Off, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Lunsford, R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Plasma Sci & Technol, Princeton, NJ 08536 USA. RP Grun, J (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Jacob.Grun@NRL.NAVY.MIL OI Fournier, Kevin/0000-0002-1123-3788 NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 14 PY 2016 VL 119 IS 18 AR 184903 DI 10.1063/1.4948952 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DO3YB UT WOS:000377717500030 ER PT J AU Sato, S Schmieder, KJ Hubbard, SM Forbes, DV Warner, JH Ohshima, T Walters, RJ AF Sato, Shin-ichiro Schmieder, Kenneth J. Hubbard, Seth M. Forbes, David V. Warner, Jeffrey H. Ohshima, Takeshi Walters, Robert J. TI Defect characterization of proton irradiated GaAs pn-junction diodes with layers of InAs quantum dots SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DEEP-LEVEL DEFECTS; GAP-N LEDS; SOLAR-CELLS; ELECTRON-IRRADIATION; TRANSIENT SPECTROSCOPY; ION IRRADIATION; RADIATION; DAMAGE; CENTERS; DEGRADATION AB In order to expand the technology of III-V semiconductor devices with quantum structures to both terrestrial and space use, radiation induced defects as well as native defects generated in the quantum structures should be clarified. Electrically active defects in GaAs p(+)n diodes with embedded ten layers of InAs quantum dots (QDs) are investigated using Deep Level Transient Fourier Spectroscopy. Both majority carrier (electron) and minority carrier (hole) traps are characterized. In the devices of this study, GaP layers are embedded in between the QD layers to offset the compressive stress introduced during growth of InAs QDs. Devices are irradiated with high energy protons for three different fluences at room temperature in order to characterize radiation induced defects. Seven majority electron traps and one minority hole trap are found after proton irradiation. It is shown that four electron traps induced by proton irradiation increase in proportion to the fluence, whereas the EL2 trap, which appears before irradiation, is not affected by irradiation. These defects correspond to electron traps previously identified in GaAs. In addition, a 0.53 eV electron trap and a 0.14 eV hole trap are found in the QD layers before proton irradiation. It is shown that these native traps are also unaffected by irradiation. The nature of the 0.14 eV hole trap is thought to be Ga-vacancies in the GaP strain balancing layers. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Sato, Shin-ichiro; Ohshima, Takeshi] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Takasaki Adv Radiat Res Inst, Natl Inst Quantum & Radiol Sci & Technol, 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki, Gumma 3701292, Japan. [Sato, Shin-ichiro; Schmieder, Kenneth J.; Warner, Jeffrey H.; Walters, Robert J.] US Navy, Res Lab, Optoelect & Radiat Effects Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hubbard, Seth M.; Forbes, David V.] Rochester Inst Technol, NanoPower Res Labs, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Sato, S (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Takasaki Adv Radiat Res Inst, Natl Inst Quantum & Radiol Sci & Technol, 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki, Gumma 3701292, Japan.; Sato, S (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Optoelect & Radiat Effects Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM sato.shinichiro@jaea.go.jp NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 14 PY 2016 VL 119 IS 18 AR 185702 DI 10.1063/1.4949476 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DO3YB UT WOS:000377717500048 ER PT J AU Miller, RE Tadmor, EB Gibson, JS Bernstein, N Pavia, F AF Miller, Ronald E. Tadmor, Ellad B. Gibson, Joshua S. Bernstein, Noam Pavia, Fabio TI Molecular dynamics at constant Cauchy stress SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EXTENDED SYSTEMS; TRANSITIONS; ALGORITHMS AB The Parrinello-Rahman algorithm for imposing a general state of stress in periodic molecular dynamics simulations is widely used in the literature and has been implemented in many readily available molecular dynamics codes. However, what is often overlooked is that this algorithm controls the second Piola-Kirchhoff stress as opposed to the true (Cauchy) stress. This can lead to misinterpretation of simulation results because (1) the true stress that is imposed during the simulation depends on the deformation of the periodic cell, (2) the true stress is potentially very different from the imposed second Piola-Kirchhoff stress, and (3) the true stress can vary significantly during the simulation even if the imposed second Piola-Kirchhoff is constant. We propose a simple modification to the algorithm that allows the true Cauchy stress to be controlled directly. We then demonstrate the efficacy of the new algorithm with the example of martensitic phase transformations under applied stress. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Miller, Ronald E.; Gibson, Joshua S.] Carleton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Tadmor, Ellad B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Bernstein, Noam] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Mat Phys & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pavia, Fabio] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, STI IGM LAMMM, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Miller, RE (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. FU NSERC; National Science Foundation (NSF) [CMMI-1433887]; ONR through NRL's basic research program FX R.M. and J.G. gratefully acknowledge funding from NSERC's discovery and Accelerator programs. E.T. was partly supported through the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. CMMI-1433887. N.B.'s work was supported by ONR through NRL's basic research program. Simulations were performed on the computational resources at hpcvl.org. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAY 14 PY 2016 VL 144 IS 18 AR 184107 DI 10.1063/1.4948711 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DO3WB UT WOS:000377711900008 PM 27179471 ER PT J AU Hameed, JM McCaffrey, RL McCoy, A Brannock, T Martin, GJ Scouten, WT Brooks, K Putnam, SD Riddle, MS AF Hameed, Jessica M. McCaffrey, Ramona L. McCoy, Andrea Brannock, Tracy Martin, Gregory J. Scouten, William T. Brooks, Krista Putnam, Shannon D. Riddle, Mark S. TI Incidence, Etiology and Risk Factors for Travelers' Diarrhea during a Hospital Ship-Based Military Humanitarian Mission: Continuing Promise 2011 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES-NAVY; US MILITARY; CRUISE SHIP; PERSONNEL; DISEASE; DEPLOYMENT; IDENTIFICATION; PREVENTION; INFECTION; OUTBREAKS AB Travelers' diarrhea (TD) is the most common ailment affecting travelers, including deployed U.S. military. Continuing Promise 2011 was a 5-month humanitarian assistance/disaster response (HA/DR) military and non-governmental organization training mission aboard the hospital ship USNS Comfort, which deployed to Central and South America and the Caribbean between April and September 2011. Enhanced TD surveillance was undertaken during this mission for public health purposes. Passive surveillance (clinic visits), active surveillance (self-reported questionnaires), and stool samples were collected weekly from shipboard personnel. Descriptive statistics and multivariate-logistic regression methods were used to estimate disease burden and risk factor identification. Two polymerase chain reaction methods on frozen stool were used for microbiological identification. TD was the primary complaint for all clinic visits (20%) and the leading cause of lost duties days due to bed rest confinement (62%), though underreported, as the active self-reported incidence was 3.5 times higher than the passive clinic-reported incidence. Vomiting (p = 0.002), feeling lightheaded or weak (p = 0.005), and being a food handler (p = 0.017) were associated with increased odds of lost duty days. Thirty-eight percent of self-reported cases reported some amount of performance impact. Based on the epidemiological curve, country of exercise and liberty appeared to be temporally associated with increased risk. From the weekly self-reported questionnaire risk factor analysis, eating off ship in the prior week was strongly associated (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.4, p<0.001). Consumption of seafood increased risk (aOR 1.7, p = 0.03), though consumption of ice appeared protective (aOR 0.3, p = 0.01). Etiology was bacterial (48%), with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli as the predominant pathogen (35%). Norovirus was identified as a sole pathogen in 12%, though found as a copathogen in an additional 6%. Despite employment of current and targeted preventive interventions, ship-board HA/DR missions may experience a significant risk for TD among deployed US military personnel and potentially impact mission success. C1 [Hameed, Jessica M.; Riddle, Mark S.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biostat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [McCaffrey, Ramona L.; Brooks, Krista; Putnam, Shannon D.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Operat Infect Dis Dept, Enter Dis Surveillance Program, San Diego, CA USA. [McCoy, Andrea; Riddle, Mark S.] Naval Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Infect Dis Directorate, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Brannock, Tracy] Air Force Global Strike Command, Barksdale AFB, LA USA. [Martin, Gregory J.] Dept State, Washington, DC USA. [Scouten, William T.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Putnam, Shannon D.] Yayasan Int Hlth Dev Fdn, Bali, Indonesia. RP Riddle, MS (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biostat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.; Riddle, MS (reprint author), Naval Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Infect Dis Directorate, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM mark.s.riddle10.mil@mail.mil FU Department of Defense Global Emerging Surveillance and Response Systems [P0298_13_NM] FX This work was completed as part of official duties while on mission aboard the USNS Comfort during Continuing Promise 2011. Microbiological assessment was supported by the Department of Defense Global Emerging Surveillance and Response Systems under Project No. P0298_13_NM. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 12 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 5 AR e0154830 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0154830 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DM8CQ UT WOS:000376588600071 PM 27171433 ER PT J AU Gade, A Tostevin, JA Bader, V Baugher, T Bazin, D Berryman, JS Brown, BA Diget, CA Glasmacher, T Hartley, DJ Lunderberg, E Stroberg, SR Recchia, F Ratkiewicz, A Weisshaar, D Wimmer, K AF Gade, A. Tostevin, J. A. Bader, V. Baugher, T. Bazin, D. Berryman, J. S. Brown, B. A. Diget, C. Aa. Glasmacher, T. Hartley, D. J. Lunderberg, E. Stroberg, S. R. Recchia, F. Ratkiewicz, A. Weisshaar, D. Wimmer, K. TI Single-particle structure at N=29: The structure of Ar-47 and first spectroscopy of S-45 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID EXOTIC NUCLEI; ISOTOPES AB Comprehensive spectroscopy of the N = 29 nucleus Ar-47 is presented, based on two complementary direct reaction mechanisms: one-neutron pickup onto Ar-46 projectiles and one-proton removal from the 1-ground state of K-48. The results are compared with shell-model calculations that use the state-of-the-art SDPF-U and SDPF-MU effective interactions. Also, from the Be-9(Cl-46, S-45+gamma) X one-proton-removal reaction, we report the first gamma-ray transitions observed from S-45. By using comparisons with shell-model calculations, and from the observed intensities and energy sums, we propose a first tentative level scheme for S-45. C1 [Gade, A.; Bader, V.; Baugher, T.; Bazin, D.; Berryman, J. S.; Brown, B. A.; Diget, C. Aa.; Glasmacher, T.; Lunderberg, E.; Stroberg, S. R.; Recchia, F.; Ratkiewicz, A.; Weisshaar, D.; Wimmer, K.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Gade, A.; Bader, V.; Baugher, T.; Brown, B. A.; Glasmacher, T.; Lunderberg, E.; Stroberg, S. R.; Ratkiewicz, A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Tostevin, J. A.] Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. [Hartley, D. J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Wimmer, K.] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. [Diget, C. Aa.] Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Stroberg, S. R.] TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Ratkiewicz, A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Wimmer, K.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. RP Gade, A (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.; Gade, A (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Diget, Christian Aaen/D-8063-2016; Gade, Alexandra/A-6850-2008 OI Diget, Christian Aaen/0000-0002-9778-8759; Gade, Alexandra/0000-0001-8825-0976 FU DOE, Office of Science; NSF [PHY-1102511, PHY-1404442, PHY-1203100]; DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-NA0000979]; US DOE, Office of Nuclear Physics [DEFG02-08ER41556]; Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK) [ST/J000051, ST/L005743] FX GRETINA was funded by the DOE, Office of Science. Operation of the array at NSCL was supported by the NSF under Cooperative Agreement No. PHY-1102511 (NSCL) and the DOE under Grant No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (LBNL). We further acknowledge support from NSF Grant No. PHY-1404442 (NSCL), from the Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration under Award No. DE-NA0000979, and from the US DOE, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DEFG02-08ER41556. D.H. acknowledges funding from NSF Grant No. PHY-1203100. J.A.T. acknowledges support of the Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK) Grants No. ST/J000051 and No. ST/L005743. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAY 11 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 5 AR 054315 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.93.054315 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA DL9YH UT WOS:000375998900001 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Anderson, B Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bellazzini, R Bhat, PN Bissaldi, E Bonino, R Bottacini, E Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caragiulo, M Caraveo, PA Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Desiante, R Di Venere, L Drell, PS Favuzzi, C Focke, WB Franckowiak, A Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grove, JE Guiriec, S Hewitt, JW Hill, AB Horan, D Johannesson, G Kocevski, D Kouveliotou, C Kuss, M Larsson, S Li, J Li, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Michelson, PF Mizuno, T Monzani, ME Morselli, A Murgia, S Nemmen, R Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orienti, M Orlando, E Paneque, D Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Racusin, JL Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Schaal, M Schulz, A Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spada, F Spandre, G Spinelli, P Takahashi, H Thayer, JB Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Vianello, G von Kienlin, A Werner, M Wood, KS AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Anderson, B. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bellazzini, R. Bhat, P. N. Bissaldi, E. Bonino, R. Bottacini, E. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caragiulo, M. Caraveo, P. A. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Desiante, R. Di Venere, L. Drell, P. S. Favuzzi, C. Focke, W. B. Franckowiak, A. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Guiriec, S. Hewitt, J. W. Hill, A. B. Horan, D. Johannesson, G. Kocevski, D. Kouveliotou, C. Kuss, M. Larsson, S. Li, J. Li, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Michelson, P. F. Mizuno, T. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Murgia, S. Nemmen, R. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Paneque, D. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Racusin, J. L. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Schaal, M. Schulz, A. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spada, F. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Takahashi, H. Thayer, J. B. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Vianello, G. von Kienlin, A. Werner, M. Wood, K. S. TI FERMI LAT STACKING ANALYSIS OF SWIFT LOCALIZED GRBs SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray burst: general; gamma rays: general; methods: data analysis; X-rays: bursts ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; GEV EMISSION; AFTERGLOW; MISSION; CATALOG; 130427A AB We perform a comprehensive stacking analysis of data collected by the Fermi. Large Area Telescope (LAT) of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) localized by the Swift. spacecraft, which were not detected by the LAT but which fell within the instrument's field of view at the time of trigger. We examine a total of 79 GRBs by comparing the observed counts over a range of time intervals to that expected from designated background orbits, as well as by using a joint likelihood technique to model the expected distribution of stacked counts. We find strong evidence for subthreshold emission at MeV to GeV energies using both techniques. This observed excess is detected during intervals that include and exceed the durations typically characterizing the prompt emission observed at keV energies and lasts at least 2700 s after the co-aligned burst trigger. By utilizing a novel cumulative likelihood analysis, we find that although a burst's prompt gamma-ray and afterglow X-ray flux both correlate with the strength of the subthreshold emission, the X-ray afterglow flux measured by Swift's X-ray Telescope at 11 hr post trigger correlates far more significantly. Overall, the extended nature of the subthreshold emission and its connection to the burst's afterglow brightness lend. further support to the external forward shock origin of the late-time emission detected by the LAT. These results suggest that the extended high-energy emission observed by the LAT may be a relatively common feature but remains undetected in a majority of bursts owing. to instrumental threshold effects. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.; Schulz, A.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Atwood, W. B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.; Li, L.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Minami Osawa 1-1, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Desiante, R.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Chiaro, G.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bellazzini, R.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spada, F.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bhat, P. N.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Bissaldi, E.; Caragiulo, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bonino, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bonino, R.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Vianello, G.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Vianello, G.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Brandt, T. J.; Gehrels, N.; Guiriec, S.; Kocevski, D.; McEnery, J. E.; Perkins, J. S.; Racusin, J. L.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univ & Particules Montpellier, F-34059 Montpellier, France. [Bruel, P.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.] Consorzio Interuniv Fis Spaziale, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF, Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Schaal, M.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Li, L.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.] Royal Swedish Acad Sci, Box 50005, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. [D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Funk, S.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Grenier, I. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Grove, J. E.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hewitt, J. W.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Hewitt, J. W.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Hewitt, J. W.] Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Hewitt, J. W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Hill, A. B.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, Dunhaga 3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Kouveliotou, C.] George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, 725 21st St NW, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Space Sci IEEC CSIC, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [McEnery, J. E.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Murgia, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Cosmol, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Nemmen, R.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Astron Geofis & Cincias Atmosfer, Rua Matao 1226, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Ohno, M.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Werner, M.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Werner, M.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Schaal, M.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [von Kienlin, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Ackermann, M (reprint author), DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. EM jchiang@slac.stanford.edu; daniel.kocevski@nasa.gov; judith.racusin@nasa.gov RI Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; OI Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Mazziotta, Mario Nicola/0000-0001-9325-4672; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Hill, Adam/0000-0003-3470-4834; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration in the United States; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique in France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana in Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) in Japan; high-energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) in Japan; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K.A. Wallenberg Foundation in Sweden; Swedish Research Council in Sweden; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT, as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States; the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; the Ministry of Education, Coulture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), high-energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; and the K.A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 2016 VL 822 IS 2 AR 68 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/822/2/68 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DN6RZ UT WOS:000377204900011 ER PT J AU Straal, SM Gabanyi, KE van Leeuwen, J Clarke, TE Dubner, G Frey, S Giacani, E Paragi, Z AF Straal, S. M. Gabanyi, K. E. van Leeuwen, J. Clarke, T. E. Dubner, G. Frey, S. Giacani, E. Paragi, Z. TI HESS J1943+213: A NON-CLASSICAL HIGH-FREQUENCY-PEAKED BL LAC OBJECT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: individual (HESS J1943+213); pulsars: general ID GALACTIC PLANE SURVEY; PULSAR WIND NEBULA; INTEGRAL SOURCES; LACERTAE OBJECT; LARGE ARRAY; SKY SURVEY; RADIO; VLA; TELESCOPE; SEARCH AB HESS J1943+213 is an unidentified TeV source that is likely a high-frequency-peaked BL Lac (HBL) object, but that is also compatible with a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) nature. Each of these enormously different astronomical interpretations is supported by some of the observed unusual characteristics. In order to finally classify and understand this object, we took a three-pronged approach, through time-domain, high angular resolution, and multi-frequency radio studies. First, our deep time-domain observations with the Arecibo telescope failed to uncover the putative pulsar powering the proposed PWN. We conclude with similar to 70% certainty that HESS J1943 +213 does not host a pulsar. Second, long-baseline interferometry of the source with e-MERLIN at 1.5 and 5 GHz shows only a core, that is, a point source at similar to 1-100 mas resolution. Its 2013 flux density is about one-third lower than that detected in the 2011 observations with similar resolution. This radio variability of the core strengthens the HBL object hypothesis. Third, additional evidence against the PWN scenario comes from the radio spectrum we compiled. The extended structure follows a power-law behavior with spectral index alpha = -0.54 +/- 0.04 while the core component displays a flat spectrum (alpha= -0.03 +/- 0.03). In contrast, the radio synchrotron emission of PWNe predicts a single power-law distribution. Overall, we rule out the PWN hypothesis and conclude that the source is a BL Lac object. The consistently high fraction (70%) of the flux density from the extended structure then leads us to conclude that HESS J1943+213 must be a non-classical HBL object. Key words: BL Lacertae objects: individual (HESS J1943+213)-pulsars: general C1 [Straal, S. M.; van Leeuwen, J.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, Sci Pk 904,POB 94249, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Straal, S. M.; van Leeuwen, J.] ASTRON, POB 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Gabanyi, K. E.; Frey, S.] FOMI Satellite Geodet Observ, POB 585, H-1592 Budapest, Hungary. [Gabanyi, K. E.] MTA Res Ctr Astron & Earth Sci, Konkoly Observ, POB 67, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. [Clarke, T. E.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dubner, G.; Giacani, E.] Univ Buenos Aires, CONICET, Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, CC 67,Suc 28, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Paragi, Z.] Joint Inst VLBI Eric, Postbus 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. RP Straal, SM (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, Sci Pk 904,POB 94249, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands.; Straal, SM (reprint author), ASTRON, POB 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. EM s.m.straal@uva.nl RI Frey, Sandor/G-4465-2013; OI Frey, Sandor/0000-0003-3079-1889; Paragi, Zsolt/0000-0002-5195-335X FU Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Sustainment Restoration and Maintenance; European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP)/ERC grant [617199, 283393]; Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA4-ARTS); Hungarian Scientific Research Fund [OTKA K104539]; ANPCyT; CONICET; SURF Cooperative FX We thank Daniele Michilli for providing us with the sifting algorithms for the single-pulse search, Adam Deller for interesting discussions, and Pierre E. Belles from the e-MERLIN staff for extensive support and help in data reduction. The e-MERLIN is a National Facility operated by the University of Manchester at Jodrell Bank Observatory on behalf of the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC). The Arecibo Observatory is operated by SRI International under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (AST-1100968), and in alliance with Ana G. Mendez-Universidad Metropolitana, and the Universities Space Research Association. This work made use of data from the VLA Low-band Ionospheric and Transient Experiment (VLITE). Construction and installation of VLITE was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Sustainment Restoration and Maintenance funding The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC grant Agreement No. 617199 (ALERT) and No. 283393 (RadioNet3); from the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA4-ARTS); and from the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA K104539). Basic research in radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is funded by 6.1 Base funding. G.D. and E.G. are members of the CIC (CONICET, Argentina) and acknowledge support from ANPCyT and CONICET funding. Part of this work was carried out on the Dutch national e-infrastructure with the support of SURF Cooperative. Computing time was provided by NWO Physical Sciences. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 2016 VL 822 IS 2 AR 117 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/822/2/117 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DN6RZ UT WOS:000377204900060 ER PT J AU Jing, C Gold, SH Fischer, R Gai, W AF Jing, C. Gold, S. H. Fischer, Richard Gai, W. TI Complete multipactor suppression in an X-band dielectric-loaded accelerating structure SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Multipactor is a major issue limiting the gradient of rf-driven Dielectric-Loaded Accelerating (DLA) structures. Theoretical models have predicted that an axial magnetic field applied to DLA structures may completely block the multipactor discharge. However, previous attempts to demonstrate this magnetic field effect in an X-band traveling-wave DLA structure were inconclusive, due to the axial variation of the applied magnetic field, and showed only partial suppression of the multipactor loading [Jing et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 103, 213503 (2013)]. The present experiment has been performed under improved conditions with a uniform axial magnetic field extending along the length of an X-band standing-wave DLA structure. Multipactor loading began to be continuously reduced starting from 3.5 kG applied magnetic field and was completely suppressed at similar to 8 kG. Dependence of multipactor suppression on the rf gradient inside the DLA structure was also measured. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Jing, C.] Euclid Techlabs LLC, 5900 Harper Rd, Solon, OH 44139 USA. [Jing, C.; Gai, W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Gold, S. H.; Fischer, Richard] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jing, C (reprint author), Euclid Techlabs LLC, 5900 Harper Rd, Solon, OH 44139 USA.; Jing, C (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU DoE SBIR Grant [DE-SC0006303] FX This work is supported by the DoE SBIR Grant No. DE-SC0006303. We thank the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator group for supplying the solenoid and power supply used in the experiment. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 9 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 19 AR 193501 DI 10.1063/1.4949334 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DN4HA UT WOS:000377023500054 ER PT J AU Wilson, RM Natu, S AF Wilson, Ryan M. Natu, Stefan TI Beliaev damping in quasi-two-dimensional dipolar condensates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; LIQUID-HELIUM; COLLECTIVE EXCITATIONS; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; QUANTUM FERROFLUID; ENERGY-SPECTRUM; TRAPPED GASES; TEMPERATURE AB We study the effects of quasiparticle interactions in a quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D), zero-temperature Bose-Einstein condensate of dipolar atoms, which can exhibit a roton-maxon feature in its quasiparticle spectrum. Our focus is the Beliaev damping process, in which a quasiparticle collides with the condensate and resonantly decays into a pair of quasiparticles. Remarkably, the rate for this process exhibits a highly nontrivial dependence on the quasiparticle momentum and the dipolar interaction strength. For weak interactions, low-energy phonons experience no damping, and higher-energy quasiparticles undergo anomalously weak damping. In contrast, the Beliaev damping rates become anomalously large for stronger dipolar interactions, as rotons become energetically accessible as final states. When the dipoles are tilted off the axis of symmetry, the damping rates acquire an anisotropic character. Surprisingly, this anisotropy does not simply track the anisotropy of the dipolar interactions, rather, the mechanisms for damping are qualitatively modified in the anisotropic case. Our study reveals the unconventional nature of Beliaev damping in dipolar condensates, and has important implications for ongoing studies of equilibrium and nonequilibrium dynamics in these systems. Further, our results are relevant for other 2D superfluids with roton excitations, including spin-orbit-coupled Bose gases, magnon condensates, and He-4 films. C1 [Wilson, Ryan M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Natu, Stefan] Univ Maryland, Condensed Matter Theory Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Natu, Stefan] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Wilson, RM (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. FU Office of Naval Research [N00014115WX01372]; National Science Foundation [PHY-1516421]; LPS-CMTC; LPS-MPO-CMTC; ARO's Atomtronics MURI; AFOSR's Quantum Matter MURI FX We thank Ben Lev and John Corson for their invaluable correspondence. R.W. acknowledges partial support from the Office of Naval Research under Grant No. N00014115WX01372, and from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-1516421. S.N. acknowledges support from LPS-CMTC, LPS-MPO-CMTC, ARO's Atomtronics MURI, and the AFOSR's Quantum Matter MURI. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAY 9 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 5 AR 053606 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.93.053606 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA DL9TC UT WOS:000375984800011 ER PT J AU McGrath, TP St Clair, JG Balachandar, S AF McGrath, Thomas P., II St Clair, Jeffrey G. Balachandar, S. TI A compressible two-phase model for dispersed particle flows with application from dense to dilute regimes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TO-DETONATION TRANSITION; GRANULAR-MATERIALS; SOLID PARTICLES; MIXTURES; INTERFACES; SHOCKS; WAVES; FIELD AB Multiphase flows are present in many important fields ranging from multiphase explosions to chemical processing. An important subset of multiphase flow applications involves dispersed materials, such as particles, droplets, and bubbles. This work presents an Eulerian-Eulerian model for multiphase flows containing dispersed particles surrounded by a continuous media such as air or water. Following a large body of multiphase literature, the driving force for particle acceleration is modeled as a direct function of both the continuous-phase pressure gradient and the gradient of intergranular stress existing within the particle phase. While the application of these two components of driving force is well accepted in much of the literature, other models exist in which the particle-phase pressure gradient itself drives particle motion. The multiphase model treats all phases as compressible and is derived to ensure adherence to the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics. The governing equations are presented and discussed, and a characteristic analysis shows the model to be hyperbolic, with a degeneracy in the case that the intergranular stress, which is modeled as a configuration pressure, is zero. Finally, results from a two sample problems involving shock-induced particle dispersion are presented. The results agree well with experimental measurements, providing initial confidence in the proposed model. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [McGrath, Thomas P., II; St Clair, Jeffrey G.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Explos Ordnance Disposal Technol Div, 4013 Fowler Rd, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. [St Clair, Jeffrey G.; Balachandar, S.] Univ Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 231 MAE A,POB 116250, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP McGrath, TP (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Explos Ordnance Disposal Technol Div, 4013 Fowler Rd, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. EM thomas.p.mcgrath@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research under the In-House Laboratory and Independent Research (ILIR) Program; Naval Undersea Research Program (NURP); U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration, Advanced Simulation and Computing Program [DE-NA0002378]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency Basic Research Award [HDTRA1-14-1-0028] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under the In-House Laboratory and Independent Research (ILIR) Program and the Naval Undersea Research Program (NURP). The authors wish to thank the ILIR and NURP program management and review boards for their support and guidance of this research. Additionally, this work benefited from the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration, Advanced Simulation and Computing Program, as a Cooperative Agreement to the University of Florida under the Predictive Science Academic Alliance Program, under Contract No. DE-NA0002378 and from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Basic Research Award No. HDTRA1-14-1-0028 to the University of Florida. Finally, the authors wish to thank the referees for their constructive review of this work, which led to several improvements in the article. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 7 PY 2016 VL 119 IS 17 AR 174903 DI 10.1063/1.4948301 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DO3XS UT WOS:000377716500024 ER PT J AU Sood, A Cho, J Hobart, KD Feygelson, TI Pate, BB Asheghi, M Cahill, DG Goodson, KE AF Sood, Aditya Cho, Jungwan Hobart, Karl D. Feygelson, Tatyana I. Pate, Bradford B. Asheghi, Mehdi Cahill, David G. Goodson, Kenneth E. TI Anisotropic and inhomogeneous thermal conduction in suspended thin-film polycrystalline diamond SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; VAPOR-DEPOSITED DIAMOND; GRAIN-GROWTH; CVD DIAMOND; TEMPERATURES; ALUMINUM; HEAT; EQUATION; SILICON AB While there is a great wealth of data for thermal transport in synthetic diamond, there remains much to be learned about the impacts of grain structure and associated defects and impurities within a few microns of the nucleation region in films grown using chemical vapor deposition. Measurements of the inhomogeneous and anisotropic thermal conductivity in films thinner than 10 mu m have previously been complicated by the presence of the substrate thermal boundary resistance. Here, we study thermal conduction in suspended films of polycrystalline diamond, with thicknesses ranging between 0.5 and 5.6 mu m, using time-domain thermoreflectance. Measurements on both sides of the films facilitate extraction of the thickness-dependent in-plane (kappa(r)) and through-plane (kappa(z)) thermal conductivities in the vicinity of the coalescence and high-quality regions. The columnar grain structure makes the conductivity highly anisotropic, with kappa(z) being nearly three to five times as large as jr, a contrast higher than that reported previously for thicker films. In the vicinity of the high-quality region, jr and kappa(z) range from 77 +/- 10W/m-K and 210 +/- 50 W/m-K for the 1 mu m thick film to 130 +/- 20 W/m-K and 710 +/- 120 W/m-K for the 5.6 mu m thick film, respectively. The data are interpreted using a model relating the anisotropy to the scattering on the boundaries of columnar grains and the evolution of the grain size considering their nucleation density and spatial rate of growth. This study aids in the reduction in the near-interfacial resistance of diamond films and efforts to fabricate diamond composites with silicon and GaN for power electronics. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Sood, Aditya] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Sood, Aditya; Cho, Jungwan; Asheghi, Mehdi; Goodson, Kenneth E.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Cho, Jungwan] Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 1732 Deogyeong Daero, Yongin 446701, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Hobart, Karl D.; Feygelson, Tatyana I.; Pate, Bradford B.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cahill, David G.] Univ Illinois, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Sood, A (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Sood, A; Goodson, KE (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM aditsood@stanford.edu; goodson@stanford.edu OI Cho, Jungwan/0000-0002-7781-4841 FU AFOSR [FA9550-12-1-0195]; Office of Naval Research FX The authors thank Dr. Takashi Kodama, Stanford University for his help with AFM characterization, and Michael Barako, Stanford University, for his assistance with SEM imaging, and providing the substrates for the knife-edge measurements. The authors are grateful to Professor Avram Bar-Cohen, University of Maryland, for insightful discussions. This work was sponsored by the AFOSR (Agreement No. FA9550-12-1-0195, titled: MultiCarrier and Low-Dimensional Thermal Conduction at Interfaces for High Power Electronic Devices). Research performed at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 12 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 7 PY 2016 VL 119 IS 17 AR 175103 DI 10.1063/1.4948335 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DO3XS UT WOS:000377716500028 ER PT J AU Freeman, W AF Freeman, Will TI Self-consistent calculation of dephasing in quantum cascade structures within a density matrix method SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-ELECTRON SCATTERING; INTERSUBBAND ABSORPTION; LASERS; TRANSPORT; LINEWIDTH; LAYERS; WELLS; GAIN; THZ; SEMICONDUCTORS AB Dephasing in terahertz quantum cascade structures is studied within a density matrix formalism. We self-consistently calculate the pure dephasing time from the intrasubband interactions within the upper and lower lasing states. Interface roughness and ionized impurity scattering interactions are included in the calculation. Dephasing times are shown to be consistent with measured spontaneous emission spectra, and the lattice temperature dependence of the device output power is consistent with experiment. The importance of including multiple optical transitions when a lower miniband continuum is present and the resulting multi-longitudinal modes within the waveguide resonant cavity are also shown. C1 [Freeman, Will] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Div Phys, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Freeman, W (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Div Phys, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM will.freeman@navy.mil NR 87 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAY 3 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 20 AR 205301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.205301 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DL3ME UT WOS:000375537100002 ER PT J AU Kukreja, V Moshman, ND Sritharan, SS DeGrassie, J AF Kukreja, V. Moshman, N. D. Sritharan, S. S. DeGrassie, J. TI Inversion methods for laser parameter extraction with phenomenological model based on off-axis sensor measurements SO INVERSE PROBLEMS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Stokes vector; Mie scattering; laser parameter extraction; laser beam polarization; high-energy lasers; 49N45; 65Z05; 65K05 ID ATMOSPHERE; BEAMS AB There are a wide range of applications involving laser propagation through a scattering medium. Very often, a measurement of the scattered light will be taken with the intent of learning some information about the medium. On the contrary, the present work seeks to extract a description of the source of light and its location. A phenomenological model for off-axis intensity is presented which employs a Mie scattering aerosol database. The model is extended to predict the off-axis polarized light described by the Stokes vector. Several inversion techniques are given and analysed as well as example problems are detailed which can recover the range, direction, power and polarization of the laser source. C1 [Kukreja, V.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Ctr Decis Risk Controls & Signals Intelligence, Monterey, CA USA. [Moshman, N. D.] Appl Res Associates, Santa Barbara, CA USA. [Sritharan, S. S.] Air Force Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [DeGrassie, J.] SPAWAR Syst Ctr Pacific, Atmospher Propagat Branch, San Diego, CA USA. RP Kukreja, V (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Ctr Decis Risk Controls & Signals Intelligence, Monterey, CA USA. EM vkukreja@nps.edu OI Sritharan, Sivaguru/0000-0003-2845-332X FU MASINT; Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to thank MASINT and the Office of Naval Research for supporting this research, and SPAWAR Systems Pacific for providing the Navy's ANAM code. The authors also are grateful to Professor Guillaume Bal for helpful discussions. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1741-5977 EI 1741-5985 J9 INVERSE PROBL SCI EN JI Inverse Probl. Sci. Eng. PD MAY 3 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 4 BP 604 EP 624 DI 10.1080/17415977.2015.1051976 PG 21 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA DG6LS UT WOS:000372196700004 ER PT J AU Rafique, S Han, L Tadjer, MJ Freitas, JA Mahadik, NA Zhao, HP AF Rafique, Subrina Han, Lu Tadjer, Marko J. Freitas, Jaime A., Jr. Mahadik, Nadeemullah A. Zhao, Hongping TI Homoepitaxial growth of beta-Ga2O3 thin films by low pressure chemical vapor deposition SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; PHASE EPITAXY; PHOTODETECTORS; TEMPERATURE; LAYERS; MOVPE AB This paper presents the homoepitaxial growth of phase pure (010) beta-Ga2O3 thin films on (010) beta-Ga2O3 substrate by low pressure chemical vapor deposition. The effects of growth temperature on the surface morphology and crystal quality of the thin films were systematically investigated. The thin films were synthesized using high purity metallic gallium (Ga) and oxygen (O-2) as precursors for gallium and oxygen, respectively. The surface morphology and structural properties of the thin films were characterized by atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Material characterization indicates the growth temperature played an important role in controlling both surface morphology and crystal quality of the beta-Ga2O3 thin films. The smallest root-mean-square surface roughness of similar to 7 nm was for thin films grown at a temperature of 950 degrees C, whereas the highest growth rate (similar to 1.3 lm/h) with a fixed oxygen flow rate was obtained for the epitaxial layers grown at 850 degrees C. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Rafique, Subrina; Han, Lu; Zhao, Hongping] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Tadjer, Marko J.; Freitas, Jaime A., Jr.; Mahadik, Nadeemullah A.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zhao, HP (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM hongping.zhao@case.edu RI Zhao, Hongping/H-4724-2011 FU Office of Naval Research FX Part of the material characterization was performed at the Swagelok Center for Surface Analysis of Materials (SCSAM) at CWRU, and at the Lurie Nanofabrication Facility (LNF) at the University of Michigan. The Raman spectra measurements were performed at Dr. Philip Feng's Laboratory at CWRU. Research at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 12 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 2 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 18 AR 182105 DI 10.1063/1.4948944 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DN4GY UT WOS:000377023300022 ER PT J AU DeCarlo, S Mayo, DH Tomlinson, W Hu, JK Hooper, J Zavalij, P Bowen, K Schnockel, H Eichhorn, B AF DeCarlo, Samantha Mayo, Dennis H. Tomlinson, Warren Hu, Junkai Hooper, Joseph Zavalij, Peter Bowen, Kit Schnoeckel, Hansgeorg Eichhorn, Bryan TI Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Al((R)bpy)(3) Complexes (R = t-Bu, Me): Homoleptic Main-Group Tris-bipyridyl Compounds SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER SERIES; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; MAGNETIC-SUSCEPTIBILITY; TRANSITION-METALS; RADICAL-ANION; LOW-VALENT; 2,2'-BIPYRIDINE; LIGAND; 2,2-BIPYRIDINE; TRIS(1,3-DIPHENYLTRIAZENIDO)ALUMINUM AB The neutral homoleptic tris-bpy aluminum complexes Al((R)bpy)(3), where R = tBu (1) or Me (2), have been synthesized from reactions between AlX precursors (X = Cl, Br) and neutral Rbpy ligands through an aluminum disproportion process. The crystalline compounds have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, electrochemical experiments, EPR, magnetic susceptibility, and density functional theory (DFT) studies. The collective data show that 1 and 2 contain Al3+ metal centers coordinated by three bipyridine (bpy(center dot))(1) monoanion radicals. Electrochemical studies show that six redox states are accessible from the neutral complexes, three oxidative and three reductive, that involve oxidation or reduction of the coordinated bpy ligands to give neutral (R)bpy or (R)bpy(2) dianions, respectively. Magnetic susceptibility measurements (4-300 K) coupled with DFT studies show strong antiferromagnetic coupling of the three unpaired electrons located on the Rbpy ligands to give S = 1/2 ground states with low lying S = 3/2 excited states that are populated above 110 K (1) and 80 K (2) in the solid-state. Complex 2 shows weak 3D magnetic interactions at 19 K, which is not observed in 1 or the related [Al(bpy)3] complex. C1 [DeCarlo, Samantha; Mayo, Dennis H.; Hu, Junkai; Zavalij, Peter; Eichhorn, Bryan] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bowen, Kit] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Charles & 34Th St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Bowen, Kit] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Mayo, Dennis H.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head EOD Tech Div, Res Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. [Schnoeckel, Hansgeorg] KIT, Inst Inorgan Chem, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Tomlinson, Warren; Hooper, Joseph] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Eichhorn, B (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM eichhorn@umd.edu RI Hu, Junkai/O-6228-2016 FU DTRA [HDTRA-1-12-1-007] FX We thank DTRA (HDTRA-1-12-1-007) for support of this research. We thank Mr. Xiuquan Zhou and Prof. Efrain Rodriguez for collection of the magnetic data and helpful discussions. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 EI 1520-510X J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAY 2 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 9 BP 4344 EP 4353 DI 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00034 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA DL3FN UT WOS:000375519700030 PM 27064350 ER PT J AU Glasbrenner, JK AF Glasbrenner, J. K. TI Collapse and control of the MnAu2 spin-spiral state through pressure and doping SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID WEAK FERROMAGNETISM; DENSITY WAVE; ENERGY; MAGNETORESISTIVITY; MAGNETIZATION; TEMPERATURE; DIFFRACTION; TRANSITION; ALLOYS; AU2MN AB MnAu2 is a spin-spiral material with in-plane ferromagnetic Mn layers that form a screw-type pattern around a tetragonal c axis. The spiral angle. was shown using neutron diffraction experiments to decrease with pressure, and in later studies it was found to suffer a collapse to a ferromagnetic state above a critical pressure, although the two separate experiments did not agree on whether this phase transition is first or second order. To resolve this contradiction, we use density functional theory calculations to investigate the spiral state as a function of pressure, charge doping, and also electronic correlations via a Hubbard-like U. We fit the results to the one-dimensional J(1)-J(2)-J(3)-J(4) Heisenberg model, which predicts either a first-or second-order spiral-to-ferromagnetic phase transition for different regions of parameter space. At ambient pressure, MnAu2 sits close in parameter space to a dividing line separating first-and second-order transitions, and a combination of pressure and electron doping shifts the system from the first-order region into the second-order region. Our findings demonstrate that the contradiction in pressure experiments regarding the kind of phase transition are likely due to variations in sample quality. Our results also suggest that MnAu2 is amenable to engineering via chemical doping and to controlling. using pressure and gate voltages, which holds potential for integration in spintronic devices. C1 [Glasbrenner, J. K.] CNR, Naval Res Lab, Code 6393, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Glasbrenner, JK (reprint author), CNR, Naval Res Lab, Code 6393, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Glasbrenner, James/K-5614-2015 OI Glasbrenner, James/0000-0003-2198-2309 FU NRC program at NRL FX J.K.G. thanks Igor Mazin and Konrad Bussmann for useful discussions regarding this project, and acknowledges the support of the NRC program at NRL. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAY 2 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 18 AR 184402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.184402 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DL3IP UT WOS:000375527800004 ER PT J AU Powers, JH Bacci, ED Leidy, NK Stringer, S Kim, K Memoli, MJ Han, A Fairchok, MP Chen, W Arnold, JC Danaher, PJ Lalani, T Hansen, EA Ridore, M Burgess, TH Millar, EV Hernandez, A Rodriguez-Zulueta, P Ortega-Gallegos, H Galindo-Fraga, A Ruiz-Palacios, GM Pett, S Fischer, W Gillor, D Macias, LM DuVal, A Rothman, R Dugas, A Guerrero, ML AF Powers, J. H. Bacci, E. D. Leidy, N. K. Stringer, S. Kim, K. Memoli, M. J. Han, A. Fairchok, M. P. Chen, W. Arnold, J. C. Danaher, P. J. Lalani, T. Hansen, E. A. Ridore, M. Burgess, T. H. Millar, E., V Hernandez, A. Rodriguez-Zulueta, P. Ortega-Gallegos, H. Galindo-Fraga, A. Ruiz-Palacios, G. M. Pett, S. Fischer, W. Gillor, D. Macias, L. M. DuVal, A. Rothman, R. Dugas, A. Guerrero, M. L. TI EVALUATION OF THE PERFORMANCE PROPERTIES OF THE INFLUENZA PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES INSTRUMENT (FLU-PRO) SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Powers, J. H.] George Washington Univ, Sch Med, Leidos Biomed Res, Rockville, MD USA. [Bacci, E. D.] Evidera, Seattle, WA USA. [Leidy, N. K.; Stringer, S.; Kim, K.] Evidera, Bethesda, MD USA. [Memoli, M. J.; Han, A.] NIAID, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Fairchok, M. P.; Millar, E., V] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA USA. [Chen, W.; Burgess, T. H.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. [Arnold, J. C.] Naval Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Danaher, P. J.] AFMOA, Lackland AFB, TX USA. [Lalani, T.] Naval Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Hansen, E. A.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Operat Infect Dis, San Diego, CA USA. [Ridore, M.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Hernandez, A.] Inst Nacl Enfermedades Resp, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Rodriguez-Zulueta, P.] Hosp Gen Dr Manuel Gea Gonzalez, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Ortega-Gallegos, H.; Galindo-Fraga, A.; Ruiz-Palacios, G. M.; Guerrero, M. L.] Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Pett, S.] UCL, London, England. [Fischer, W.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Gillor, D.] Univ Hosp Cologne, Cologne, Germany. [Macias, L. M.] Hosp Gen Agudos JM Ramos Mejia, Servicio Inmunocomprometidos, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [DuVal, A.; Rothman, R.; Dugas, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1098-3015 EI 1524-4733 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD MAY PY 2016 VL 19 IS 3 MA PIN52 BP A220 EP A221 PG 2 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA EL9HP UT WOS:000394931600063 ER PT J AU Arkes, J AF Arkes, Jeremy TI The Hot Hand vs. Cold Hand on the PGA Tour SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT FINANCE LA English DT Article DE hot hand; cold hand; golf ID STREAKINESS AB This paper examines tests for hot- and cold-hand effects in men's professional golf, based on score relative to par over sets of 3, 6, 9, and 18 holes. Using controls for each player's annual performance and the difficulty of a set of holes on a given day, I find no evidence for a hot-hand effect. In contrast, I find evidence supporting the existence of a cold-hand effect that is, a poor performance on one set of holes leads to a worse performance on the next set of holes. Simulations demonstrate that the cold-hand effect is quite large. C1 [Arkes, Jeremy] Naval Postgrad Sch, Econ, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Arkes, J (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Econ, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FITNESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PI MORGANTOWN PA WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY, 262 COLISEUM, WVU-PE, PO BOX 6116, MORGANTOWN, WV 26506-6116 USA SN 1558-6235 EI 1930-076X J9 INT J SPORT FINANC JI Int. J. Sport Financ. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 11 IS 2 BP 99 EP 113 PG 15 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA EI4KX UT WOS:000392463600001 ER PT J AU Carr, W Stone, JR Walilko, T Young, LA Snook, TL Paggi, ME Tsao, JW Jankosky, CJ Parish, RV Ahlers, ST AF Carr, Walter Stone, James R. Walilko, Tim Young, Lee Ann Snook, Tianlu Li Paggi, Michelle E. Tsao, Jack W. Jankosky, Christopher J. Parish, Robert V. Ahlers, Stephen T. TI Repeated Low-Level Blast Exposure: A Descriptive Human Subjects Study SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Military Health System Research Symposium CY AUG 17-21, 2014 CL Fort Lauderdale, FL ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT METRICS; FUNCTIONAL MRI; MILD; PERFORMANCE; CONCUSSION; SAMPLE AB The relationship between repeated exposure to blast overpressure and neurological function was examined in the context of breacher training at the U.S. Marine Corps Weapons Training Battalion Dynamic Entry School. During this training, Students are taught to apply explosive charges to achieve rapid ingress into secured buildings. For this study, both Students and Instructors participated in neurobehavioral testing, blood toxin screening, vestibular/auditory testing, and neuroimaging. Volunteers wore instrumentation during training to allow correlation of human response measurements and blast overpressure exposure. The key findings of this study were from high-memory demand tasks and were limited to the Instructors. Specific tests showing blast-related mean differences were California Verbal Learning Test II, Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics subtests (Match-to-Sample, Code Substitution Delayed), and Delayed Matching-to-Sample 10-second delay condition. Importantly, apparent deficits were paralleled with functional magnetic resonance imaging using the n-back task. The findings of this study are suggestive, but not conclusive, owing to small sample size and effect. The observed changes yield descriptive evidence for potential neurological alterations in the subset of individuals with occupational history of repetitive blast exposure. This is the first study to integrate subject instrumentation for measurement of individual blast pressure exposure, neurocognitive testing, and neuroimaging. C1 [Carr, Walter] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Stone, James R.; Snook, Tianlu Li] Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, 480 Ray C Hunt Dr,Room 281,Box 801339, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Walilko, Tim] Appl Res Associates Inc, 7921 Shaffer Pkwy, Littleton, CO 80127 USA. [Young, Lee Ann] Appl Res Associates Inc, 950 Isom Rd, San Antonio, TX 78216 USA. [Paggi, Michelle E.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, 21 Bloomingdale Rd, White Plains, NY 10605 USA. [Tsao, Jack W.] US Navy, Bur Med & Surg, Traumat Brain Injury Programs, 2300 East St Northwest, Washington, DC 20372 USA. [Jankosky, Christopher J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Parish, Robert V.] MEDCOM Irwin Army Community Hosp, 600 Caisson Hill Rd, Ft Riley, KS 66442 USA. [Ahlers, Stephen T.] US Navy, Med Res Ctr, Operat & Undersea Med, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Carr, W (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 181 IS 5 SU S BP 28 EP 39 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00137 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DW5LJ UT WOS:000383686400007 PM 27168550 ER PT J AU Garcia, EV Muterspaugh, MW van Belle, G Monnier, JD Stassun, KG Ghasempour, A Clark, JH Zavala, RT Benson, JA Hutter, DJ Schmitt, HR Baines, EK Jorgensen, AM Strosahl, SG Sanborn, J Zawicki, SJ Sakosky, MF Swihart, S AF Garcia, Eugenio V. Muterspaugh, Matthew W. van Belle, Gerard Monnier, John D. Stassun, Keivan G. Ghasempour, Askari Clark, James H. Zavala, R. T. Benson, James A. Hutter, Donald J. Schmitt, Henrique R. Baines, Ellyn K. Jorgensen, Anders M. Strosahl, Susan G. Sanborn, Jason Zawicki, Stephen J. Sakosky, Michael F. Swihart, Samuel TI Vision: A Six-telescope Fiber-fed Visible Light Beam Combiner for the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article DE instrumentation: high angular resolution; instrumentation: interferometers; methods: data analysis; methods: observational; techniques: high angular resolution; techniques: interferometric ID PHASES DIFFERENTIAL ASTROMETRY; EARLY-TYPE STARS; UNIVERSITY STELLAR INTERFEROMETER; CHARA ARRAY; ELLIPSOIDAL VARIATIONS; ROTATING STARS; BETA-LYRAE; SYSTEM; SURFACE; INSTRUMENT AB Visible-light long baseline interferometry holds the promise of advancing a number of important applications in fundamental astronomy, including the direct measurement of the angular diameters and oblateness of stars, and the direct measurement of the orbits of binary and multiple star systems. To advance, the field of visible-light interferometry requires development of instruments capable of combining light from 15 baselines (6 telescopes) simultaneously. The Visible Imaging System for Interferometric Observations at NPOI (VISION) is a new visible light beam combiner for the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer (NPOI) that uses single-mode fibers to coherently combine light from up to six telescopes simultaneously with an image-plane combination scheme. It features a photometric camera for calibrations and spatial filtering from single-mode fibers with two Andor Ixon electron multiplying CCDs. This paper presents the VISION system, results of laboratory tests, and results of commissioning on-sky observations. A new set of corrections have been determined for the power spectrum and bispectrum by taking into account non-Gaussian statistics and read noise present in electron-multipying CCDs to enable measurement of visibilities and closure phases in the VISION post-processing pipeline. The post-processing pipeline has been verified via new on-sky observations of the O-type supergiant binary zeta Orionis A, obtaining a flux ratio of 2.18 +/- 0.13 with a position angle of 223 degrees.9 +/- 1 degrees.0 and separation 40.6 +/- 1.8 mas over 570-750 nm, in good agreement with expectations from the previously published orbit. C1 [Garcia, Eugenio V.; van Belle, Gerard; Strosahl, Susan G.; Sanborn, Jason; Zawicki, Stephen J.; Sakosky, Michael F.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Garcia, Eugenio V.; Stassun, Keivan G.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Stevenson Sci Ctr 6301, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Muterspaugh, Matthew W.] Tennessee State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Coll Life & Phys Sci, Boswell Sci Hall, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Muterspaugh, Matthew W.] Tennessee State Univ, Ctr Excellence Informat Syst Engn & Management, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd,Box 9501, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Monnier, John D.] Univ Michigan Astron, 500 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Ghasempour, Askari] HORIBA Sci, Opt Spect Div, 3880 Pk Ave, Edision, NJ 08820 USA. [Clark, James H.; Schmitt, Henrique R.; Baines, Ellyn K.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zavala, R. T.; Benson, James A.; Hutter, Donald J.] US Naval Observ, Flagstaff Stn, 10391 W Naval Observ Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86005 USA. [Jorgensen, Anders M.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Swihart, Samuel] Michigan State Univ, 3265 Biomed & Phys Sci Bldg, Okemos, MI 48864 USA. RP Garcia, EV (reprint author), Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.; Garcia, EV (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Stevenson Sci Ctr 6301, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. EM eugenio.v.garcia@gmail.com FU BF foundation; Fisk-Vanderbilt Masters-PhD program; Office of Naval Research and the Oceanographer of the Navy; [NSF-AST 0958267] FX E.V.G. would like to acknowledge the gracious support of his Lowell Pre-doctoral Fellowship by the BF foundation. E.V.G. would also like to acknowledge the support received from the Fisk-Vanderbilt Masters-PhD program. This work was supported by NSF-AST 0958267 "MRI-R2 Consortium: Development of VISION: The Next Generation Science Camera for the Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer." We gratefully acknowledge the VISION instrument PI team at TSU, led by Matthew Muterspaugh. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. The work done with the NPOI was performed through a collaboration between the Naval Research Lab and the US Naval Observatory, in association with Lowell Observatory, and was funded by the Office of Naval Research and the Oceanographer of the Navy. NR 91 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6280 EI 1538-3873 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 128 IS 963 AR 055004 DI 10.1088/1538-3873/128/963/055004 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EB1JX UT WOS:000387108400007 ER PT J AU Lalani, T Yun, H Tribble, D Ganesan, A Kunz, A Fairchok, M Schnaubelt, E Fraser, J Mitra, I Kronmann, KC Burgess, T Deiss, RG Riddle, MS Johnson, MD AF Lalani, Tahaniyat Yun, Heather Tribble, David Ganesan, Anuradha Kunz, Anjali Fairchok, Mary Schnaubelt, Elizabeth Fraser, Jamie Mitra, Indrani Kronmann, Karl C. Burgess, Timothy Deiss, Robert G. Riddle, Mark S. Johnson, Mark D. TI A comparison of compliance rates with anti-vectorial protective measures during travel to regions with dengue or chikungunya activity, and regions endemic for Plasmodium falciparum malaria SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Anti-vectorial protective measures; malaria; dengue; chikungunya; compliance ID PERSONAL PROTECTION; KNOWLEDGE; ATTITUDES; OUTBREAK; MISSIONS; VIRUS; RISK; IRAQ AB Background. There is limited information on compliance rates with anti-vectorial protective measures (AVPMs) during travel to countries with risk of dengue and chikungunya. We evaluated differences in mosquito exposures, and factors associated with AVPM compliance in travellers going to countries where the principal mosquito- borne infectious disease threat is falciparum malaria and those where risk of dengue or chikungunya predominates. Methods. Department of Defence beneficiaries with planned travel to regions where the predominant mosquito-borne infection is falciparum malaria, and those with predominantly dengue or chikungunya risk, were included. Regions were divided into three groups: 'high-risk falciparum malaria', 'low-risk falciparum malaria' and 'chikungunya/dengue risk'. Demographics, trip characteristics, arthropod exposure and AVPM compliance were captured using pre- and post-travel surveys. Skin repellent compliance was defined as self-reported use, categorized as 'often/every day'. A logistic regression model was used to estimate factors associated with AVPM compliance. Results. 183 (9%), 185 (9%) and 149 (7%) travelled to high and low falciparum malaria risk regions, and chikungunya/dengue risk regions, respectively. Overall, 53% (95% CI: 48-57%) and 16% (95% CI: 12-19%) were compliant with repellent use on skin and clothing, respectively. Daytime bites were reported more frequently in chikungunya/dengue risk regions than high malaria risk regions (37% vs. 10%), while night time bites were frequently in high malaria risk regions (53% vs 20%; P < 0.001). Compliance with skin repellents was associated with female gender [RR: 1.54 (95% CI: 1.05-2.28)], observing mosquitoes during travel [RR: 2.77 (95% CI: 1.76-4.36)] and travel during the rainy season [RR: 2.45 (95% CI: 1.66-3.71)]). Conclusions. Poor AVPM compliance was observed in the overall cohort. Compliance with skin repellent use was associated with female gender, observing mosquitoes and travelling during the rainy season, and was not associated with the risk of malaria or chikungunya/dengue at the travel destination. C1 [Lalani, Tahaniyat; Tribble, David; Ganesan, Anuradha; Fairchok, Mary; Fraser, Jamie; Mitra, Indrani; Deiss, Robert G.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Dept Prevent Med & Biostat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Lalani, Tahaniyat; Kronmann, Karl C.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Div Infect Dis, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Lalani, Tahaniyat; Ganesan, Anuradha; Fairchok, Mary; Fraser, Jamie; Mitra, Indrani; Deiss, Robert G.] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Yun, Heather; Burgess, Timothy] San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Kunz, Anjali; Fairchok, Mary] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. [Schnaubelt, Elizabeth] Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Landstuhl, Germany. [Deiss, Robert G.; Johnson, Mark D.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA USA. [Riddle, Mark S.] Naval Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Johnson, Mark D.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, DoD HIV AIDS Prevent Program, San Diego, CA USA. RP Lalani, T (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Dept Prevent Med & Biostat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.; Lalani, T (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Div Infect Dis, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM tlalani@idcrp.org FU Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) program [Y1-AI-5072] FX The study was supported by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under the Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1195-1982 EI 1708-8305 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 23 IS 5 AR taw043 DI 10.1093/jtm/taw043 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DV9MN UT WOS:000383264700007 ER PT J AU Meyerson, M AF Meyerson, Mark TI A Partition Inequality SO AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL MONTHLY LA English DT Letter C1 [Meyerson, Mark] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Meyerson, M (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATHEMATICAL ASSOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1529 18TH STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-9890 EI 1930-0972 J9 AM MATH MON JI Am. Math. Mon. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 123 IS 5 BP 508 EP 508 PG 1 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA DT8PX UT WOS:000381754700020 ER PT J AU Rajesh, PK Liu, JY Lin, CH Chen, AB Hsu, RR Chen, CH Huba, JD AF Rajesh, P. K. Liu, J. Y. Lin, C. H. Chen, A. B. Hsu, R. R. Chen, C. H. Huba, J. D. TI Space-based imaging of nighttime medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances using FORMOSAT-2/ISUAL 630.0nm airglow observations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE MSTID; ionospheric disturbances; FORMOSAT-2; ISUAL; airglow ID ATMOSPHERIC GRAVITY-WAVES; MIDLATITUDE IONOSPHERE; REGION; SATELLITE; ARECIBO; MODEL; JAPAN; INSTABILITY; RESOLUTION; YONAGUNI AB This paper reports the results of space-based imaging of nighttime medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) in 630.0nm emission by Imager of Sprites and Upper Atmospheric Lightnings (ISUAL), on board FORMOSAT-2 satellite. The limb integrated measurements, after removing background, reveal multiple bands of intensity perturbation when projected to a horizontal plane corresponding to the altitude of peak emission, with distinct southwest to northeast orientation in the Southern Hemisphere. Simulations are carried out by artificially introducing MSTID fluctuations in model electron density to confirm if the MSTID could be identified in the ISUAL-viewing geometry. The ISUAL observations in year 2007 are further used to investigate the MSTID features as well as occurrence characteristics in the Southern Hemisphere, most of which are over the ocean where no ground-based observations are available. The preliminary statistics shows more MSTID occurrence in solstices with peak in June-July months. Majority of the MSTID perturbations have wavelength in the range 150-300km, and the wavefronts are aligned at about 30 degrees-50 degrees from the east-west plane. The statistic results of the orientation of wavefronts indicate that E-s layer instability might be important in the MSTID generation. C1 [Rajesh, P. K.; Lin, C. H.; Chen, C. H.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Tainan, Taiwan. [Liu, J. Y.] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Space Sci, Chungli, Taiwan. [Liu, J. Y.] Natl Cent Univ, Ctr Space & Remote Sensing Res, Chungli, Taiwan. [Chen, A. B.; Hsu, R. R.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Phys, Tainan, Taiwan. [Huba, J. D.] Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lin, CH (reprint author), Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Tainan, Taiwan. EM charles@mail.ncku.edu.tw RI Liu, Jann-Yenq/Q-1668-2015; OI Lin, Charles C. H./0000-0001-8955-8753 FU Ministry of Science and Technology [MOST 104-2119-M-006-019, 103-2923-M-006-002-MY3, 103-2111-M-006-003-MY3, MOST 104-2628-M-008-001] FX FORMOSAT-2/ISUAL data used in this study are obtained with the permission of ISUAL science group at National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan (http://sprite.phys.ncku.edu.tw/En/Eindex.html). SAMI2 is an open source model developed at the Naval Research Laboratory and is available at http://www.nrl.navy.mil/ppd/branches/6790/sami2. This work is supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology grants MOST 104-2119-M-006-019, 103-2923-M-006-002-MY3, and 103-2111-M-006-003-MY3 to National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan and MOST 104-2628-M-008-001 to National Central University, Taiwan. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 121 IS 5 BP 4769 EP 4781 DI 10.1002/2015JA022334 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DR6QD UT WOS:000380025500064 ER PT J AU Pogoda, TK Stolzmann, KL Iverson, KM Baker, E Krengel, M Lew, HL Amara, JH Meterko, M AF Pogoda, Terri K. Stolzmann, Kelly L. Iverson, Katherine M. Baker, Errol Krengel, Maxine Lew, Henry L. Amara, Jomana H. Meterko, Mark TI Associations Between Traumatic Brain Injury, Suspected Psychiatric Conditions, and Unemployment in Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom Veterans SO JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE depression; employment; neurobehavioral symptoms; posttraumatic stress disorder; substance use disorder; traumatic brain injury; unemployment; veterans ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; PERSISTENT POSTCONCUSSIVE SYMPTOMS; AFGHANISTAN WAR VETERANS; SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS; MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; CLOSED-HEAD-INJURY; DISABILITY COMPENSATION; EMPLOYMENT STATUS; COMBAT VETERANS; FOLLOW-UP AB Objective: To examine the relations among demographic characteristics, traumatic brain injury (TBI) history, suspected psychiatric conditions, current neurobehavioral health symptoms, and employment status in Veterans evaluated for TBI in the Department of Veterans Affairs. Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional database review of comprehensive TBI evaluations documented between October 2007 and June 2009. Participants: Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom Veterans (n=11 683) who completed a comprehensive TBI evaluation. Main Measures: Veterans Affairs clinicians use the comprehensive TBI evaluations to obtain information about TBI-related experiences, current neurobehavioral symptoms, and to identify suspected psychiatric conditions. Results: Approximately one-third of Veterans in this sample were unemployed, and of these, the majority were looking for work. After simultaneously adjusting for health and deployment-related variables, significant factors associated with unemployment included one or more suspected psychiatric conditions (eg, posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression), neurobehavioral symptom severity (ie, affective, cognitive, vestibular), former active duty status, injury etiology, age, lower education, and marital status. The associations of these factors with employment status varied by deployment-related TBI severity. Conclusions: Simultaneously addressing health-related, educational, and/or vocational needs may fill a critical gap for helping Veterans readjust to civilian life and achieve their academic and vocational potential. C1 [Pogoda, Terri K.; Stolzmann, Kelly L.; Iverson, Katherine M.; Baker, Errol; Meterko, Mark] VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Ctr Healthcare Org & Implementat Res, Boston, MA USA. [Iverson, Katherine M.] VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Natl Ctr Posttraumat Stress Disorder, Boston, MA USA. [Krengel, Maxine] VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Res & Dev Serv, Boston, MA USA. [Pogoda, Terri K.; Meterko, Mark] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Boston, MA 02130 USA. [Iverson, Katherine M.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA 02130 USA. [Krengel, Maxine] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02130 USA. [Lew, Henry L.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Richmond, VA USA. [Lew, Henry L.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Amara, Jomana H.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Def Resources Management Inst, Monterey, CA USA. RP Pogoda, TK (reprint author), Ctr Healthcare Org & Implementat Res, 150 South Huntington Ave 152M, Boston, MA 02130 USA.; Pogoda, TK (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, VA Boston Healthcare Syst, 150 South Huntington Ave 152M, Boston, MA 02130 USA. EM terri.pogoda@va.gov FU Office of Research and Development, Health Services Research & Development (HSR&D) Service, Department of Veterans Affairs [SDR 08-405]; HSR&D Career Development Award [CDA-2, 10-029] FX This paper is based on work supported by the Office of Research and Development, Health Services Research & Development (HSR&D) Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, through SDR 08-405. Dr. Iverson's contribution to this manuscript was supported by a HSR&D Career Development Award (CDA-2; 10-029). The opinions expressed in this article are the authors' and do not reflect those of the Department of Veterans Affairs, the Veterans Health Administration, Health Services Research and Development Service, the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, or the Department of Defense. Some of the findings were presented at the 2014 Academy Health Annual Research Meeting, San Diego, California. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0885-9701 EI 1550-509X J9 J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB JI J. Head Trauma Rehabil. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 31 IS 3 BP 191 EP 203 DI 10.1097/HTR.0000000000000092 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA DR3FK UT WOS:000379787800011 PM 25310289 ER PT J AU Nickisch, LJ Fridman, S Hausman, M San Antonio, GS AF Nickisch, L. J. Fridman, Sergey Hausman, Mark San Antonio, Geoffrey S. TI Feasibility study for reconstructing the spatial-temporal structure of TIDs from high-resolution backscatter ionograms SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE HF propagation; ionosphere; traveling ionospheric disturbance; over-the-horizon radar; backscatter ionogram ID 3-DIMENSIONAL IONOSPHERE AB Over-the-horizon radar (OTHR) utilizes the reflective sky wave property of the ionosphere for high-frequency radiowaves to illuminate targets at ranges extending to several thousand kilometers. However, the ionospheric mirror is not static but exhibits geographic, diurnal, seasonal, and solar cycle variations. NorthWest Research Associates has developed an ionospheric data assimilation capability called Global Positioning Satellite Ionospheric Inversion (GPSII; pronounced gypsy) that allows real-time modeling of the ionospheric structure for the purpose of accurate coordinate registration (CR; OTHR geolocation). However, the ionosphere is routinely subjected to traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs), and the deflection of HF sky wave signals by unmodeled TIDs remains a troubling source of CR errors (tens of kilometers). Traditional OTHR tools for ionospheric sounding (vertical and backscatter ionograms) do not resolve the fine spatial structure associated with TIDs. The collection of backscatter ionograms using the full aperture of the OTHR was recently demonstrated, thus providing enhanced resolution in radar azimuth in comparison with conventional OTHR backscatter soundings that utilize only a fraction of the OTHR receiver array. Leading edges of such backscatter ionograms demonstrate prominent spatial features associated with TIDs. We investigate the feasibility of recovering TID perturbations of ionospheric electron density from high-resolution backscatter ionograms. We incorporated a model of naturally occurring TIDs into a numerical ray tracing code that allows the generation of synthetic OTHR data. We augmented GPSII to assimilate time series of full-aperture backscatter ionogram leading edge data. Results of the simulation show that GPSII is able to reproduce the TID structure used to generate the backscatter ionograms reasonably well. C1 [Nickisch, L. J.; Fridman, Sergey; Hausman, Mark] NorthWest Res Associates, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. [San Antonio, Geoffrey S.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Nickisch, LJ (reprint author), NorthWest Res Associates, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. EM LJ@nwra.com FU Air Force Research Laboratory [FA9453-13-M-0190] FX This research is based upon work supported in part by the Air Force Research Laboratory under contract FA9453-13-M-0190. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of AFRL or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright annotation thereon. This paper presents a theoretical study that is independent of actual measurements, and hence, no link to data will be provided. The measurements that are shown in Figure 2 (left) are for illustrative purposes only. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 EI 1944-799X J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 51 IS 5 BP 443 EP 453 DI 10.1002/2015RS005906 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA DQ4AO UT WOS:000379145600008 ER PT J AU Shattuck, NL Matsangas, P AF Shattuck, Nita Lewis Matsangas, Panagiotis TI Operational assessment of the 5-h on/10-h off watchstanding schedule on a US Navy ship: sleep patterns, mood and psychomotor vigilance performance of crewmembers in the nuclear reactor department SO ERGONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Shiftwork; sleep deprivation; fatigue; shiftworking; watchstanding schedules; work scheduling; circadian misalignment ID TEST PVT; WORK; SYSTEMS; SENSITIVITY; VALIDITY; SCALE AB We assessed sleep patterns, psychomotor vigilance performance, work demands and mood of 77 crewmembers of USS NIMITZ (CVN-68) on the rotating 5-h on/10-h off (5/10) watchstanding schedule. Within the 3-day cycle of the 5/10, sleep occurred at distinctly different times each day. On two of these days, sailors typically received only brief, 4-h sleep episodes followed by periods of sustained wakefulness (approximately 22 and 20 h). Crewmembers received approximately seven hours of sleep daily, but reported excessive fatigue and dissatisfaction with their schedule. Crewmembers' mood worsened significantly over the course of the underway phase. Psychomotor vigilance performance (reaction times, lapses) was significantly degraded compared to performance when working circadian-aligned schedules. Overall, standing watch on the 5/10 schedule, combined with other work duties, resulted in poor sleep hygiene. Crewmembers on the 5/10 experienced periodic bouts of sustained wakefulness and accrued a significant sleep debt due to extended workdays and circadian-misaligned sleep. C1 [Shattuck, Nita Lewis; Matsangas, Panagiotis] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA USA. RP Shattuck, NL (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA USA. EM nlshattu@nps.edu FU US Navy's Twenty-first Century Sailor Office; Naval Medical Research Center Advanced Medical Development Program FX This work was supported by the US Navy's Twenty-first Century Sailor Office, and the Naval Medical Research Center Advanced Medical Development Program. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0014-0139 EI 1366-5847 J9 ERGONOMICS JI Ergonomics PD MAY PY 2016 VL 59 IS 5 BP 657 EP 664 DI 10.1080/00140139.2015.1073794 PG 8 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Engineering; Psychology GA DP7FX UT WOS:000378665700004 PM 26360772 ER PT J AU Angus, JR Mosher, D Swanekamp, SB Ottinger, PF Schumer, JW Hinshelwood, DD AF Angus, J. R. Mosher, D. Swanekamp, S. B. Ottinger, P. F. Schumer, J. W. Hinshelwood, D. D. TI Modeling nitrogen plasmas produced by intense electron beams SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID IONIZATION CROSS-SECTIONS; RATE COEFFICIENTS; TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; VIBRATIONAL KINETICS; BAND SYSTEMS; NEUTRAL GAS; TRANSPORT; IMPACT; MOLECULES; ENERGY AB A new gas-chemistry model is presented to treat the breakdown of a nitrogen gas with pressures on the order of 1 Torr from intense electron beams with current densities on the order of 10 kA/cm(2) and pulse durations on the order of 100 ns. For these parameter regimes, the gas transitions from a weakly ionized molecular state to a strongly ionized atomic state on the time scale of the beam pulse. The model is coupled to a 0D-circuit model using the rigid-beam approximation that can be driven by specifying the time and spatial profiles of the beam pulse. Simulation results are in good agreement with experimental measurements of the line-integrated electron density from experiments done using the Gamble II generator at the Naval Research Laboratory. It is found that the species are mostly in the ground and metastable states during the atomic phase, but that ionization proceeds predominantly through thermal ionization of optically allowed states with excitation energies close to the ionization limit. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Angus, J. R.; Swanekamp, S. B.; Schumer, J. W.; Hinshelwood, D. D.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mosher, D.; Ottinger, P. F.] Independent Contractors NRL Engil Inc, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. RP Angus, JR (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Ottinger, Paul/0000-0001-9901-7379 FU Atomic Weapons Establishment through NNSA FX The research was supported by the Atomic Weapons Establishment through the NNSA. The Authors would like to thank John Apruzese, Lina Petrova, George Petrov, and Richard Fernsler for useful discussion concerning nitrogen gas chemistry. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2016 VL 23 IS 5 AR 053510 DI 10.1063/1.4950840 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DP3WZ UT WOS:000378427900102 ER PT J AU Richardson, AS Angus, JR Swanekamp, SB Rittersdorf, IM Ottinger, PF Schumer, JW AF Richardson, A. S. Angus, J. R. Swanekamp, S. B. Rittersdorf, I. M. Ottinger, P. F. Schumer, J. W. TI The effect of electron inertia in Hall-driven magnetic field penetration in electron-magnetohydrodynamics SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SAUSAGE-LIKE INSTABILITY; EROSION OPENING SWITCH; COLLISIONLESS PLASMA; CURRENT CHANNELS; FREQUENCY-RANGE; SIMULATIONS; DYNAMICS; EQUATION; PEAKON AB Magnetic field penetration in electron-magnetohydrodynamics (EMHD) can be driven by density gradients through the Hall term [Kingsep et al., Sov. J. Plasma Phys. 10, 495 (1984)]. Particle-incell simulations have shown that a magnetic front can go unstable and break into vortices in the Hall-driven EMHD regime. In order to understand these results, a new fluid model had been derived from the L-y/L-n << 1 limit of EMHD, where L-y is the length scale along the front and L-n is the density gradient length scale. This model is periodic in the direction along the magnetic front, which allows the dynamics of the front to be studied independently of electrode boundary effects that could otherwise dominate the dynamics. Numerical solutions of this fluid model are presented that show for the first time the relation between Hall-driven EMHD, electron inertia, the Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instability, and the formation of magnetic vortices. These solutions show that a propagating magnetic front is unstable to the same KH mode predicted for a uniform plasma. This instability causes the electron flow to break up into vortices that are then driven into the plasma with a speed that is proportional to the Hall speed. This demonstrates that, in two-dimensional geometry with sufficiently low collisionality [collision rate nu less than or similar to nu(Hall)/(4 delta(e))], Hall-driven magnetic penetration occurs not as a uniform shock front but rather as vortex-dominated penetration. Once the vortices form, the penetration speed is found to be nearly a factor of two larger than the redicted speed (nu(Hall)/2) obtained from Burgers' equation in the one-dimensional C1 [Richardson, A. S.; Angus, J. R.; Swanekamp, S. B.; Rittersdorf, I. M.; Schumer, J. W.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Richardson, AS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM steve.richardson@nrl.navy.mil OI Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-3056-6334; Ottinger, Paul/0000-0001-9901-7379 FU Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Basic and Applied Research Program FX This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Basic and Applied Research Program. I.M.R. acknowledges support as an NRL Karle's Fellow. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2016 VL 23 IS 5 AR 052110 DI 10.1063/1.4948715 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DP3WZ UT WOS:000378427900015 ER PT J AU Tejero, EM Crabtree, C Blackwell, DD Amatucci, WE Ganguli, G Rudakov, L AF Tejero, E. M. Crabtree, C. Blackwell, D. D. Amatucci, W. E. Ganguli, G. Rudakov, L. TI Experimental characterization of nonlinear processes of whistler branch waves SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 57th Annual Meeting of the APS-Division-of-Plasma-Physics (DPP) CY NOV 16-20, 2015 CL Savannath, GA SP APS, Div Plasma Phys ID SCATTERING; CHORUS; PLASMA AB Experiments in the Space Physics Simulation Chamber at the Naval Research Laboratory isolated and characterized important nonlinear wave-wave and wave-particle interactions that can occur in the Earth's Van Allen radiation belts by launching predominantly electrostatic waves in the intermediate frequency range with wave normal angle greater than 85 degrees and measuring the nonlinearly generated electromagnetic scattered waves. The scattered waves have a perpendicular wavelength that is nearly an order of magnitude larger than that of the pump wave. Calculations of scattering efficiency from experimental measurements demonstrate that the scattering efficiency is inversely proportional to the damping rate and trends towards unity as the damping rate approaches zero. Signatures of both wave-wave and wave-particle scatterings are also observed in the triggered emission process in which a launched wave resonant with a counter-propagating electron beam generates a large amplitude chirped whistler wave. The possibility of nonlinear scattering or three wave decay as a saturation mechanism for the triggered emission is suggested. The laboratory experiment has inspired the search for scattering signatures in the in situ data of chorus emission in the radiation belts. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Tejero, E. M.; Crabtree, C.; Blackwell, D. D.; Amatucci, W. E.; Ganguli, G.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rudakov, L.] Icarus Res Inc, POB 30780, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA. RP Tejero, EM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2016 VL 23 IS 5 AR 055707 DI 10.1063/1.4946020 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DP3WZ UT WOS:000378427900131 ER PT J AU Velikovich, AL Murakami, M Taylor, BD Giuliani, JL Zalesak, ST Iwamoto, Y AF Velikovich, A. L. Murakami, M. Taylor, B. D. Giuliani, J. L. Zalesak, S. T. Iwamoto, Y. TI Stability of stagnation via an expanding accretion shock wave SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITY; CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; Z-PINCHES; PHASE; FLUX AB Stagnation of a cold plasma streaming to the center or axis of symmetry via an expanding accretion shock wave is ubiquitous in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and high-energy-density plasma physics, the examples ranging from plasma flows in x-ray-generating Z pinches [Maron et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 035001 (2013)] to the experiments in support of the recently suggested concept of impact ignition in ICF [Azechi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 235002 (2009); Murakami et al., Nucl. Fusion 54, 054007 (2014)]. Some experimental evidence indicates that stagnation via an expanding shock wave is stable, but its stability has never been studied theoretically. We present such analysis for the stagnation that does not involve a rarefaction wave behind the expanding shock front and is described by the classic ideal-gas Noh solution in spherical and cylindrical geometry. In either case, the stagnated flow has been demonstrated to be stable, initial perturbations exhibiting a power-law, oscillatory or monotonic, decay with time for all the eigenmodes. This conclusion has been supported by our simulations done both on a Cartesian grid and on a curvilinear grid in spherical coordinates. Dispersion equation determining the eigenvalues of the problem and explicit formulas for the eigenfunction profiles corresponding to these eigenvalues are presented, making it possible to use the theory for hydrocode verification in two and three dimensions. C1 [Velikovich, A. L.; Giuliani, J. L.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Murakami, M.] Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. [Taylor, B. D.] Naval Res Lab, Lab Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zalesak, S. T.] Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Iwamoto, Y.] Ehime Univ, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan. RP Velikovich, AL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI murakami, masakatsu/I-2309-2015; OI murakami, masakatsu/0000-0003-2220-7638; Iwamoto, Yukiharu/0000-0001-5731-4965; Velikovich, Alexander/0000-0002-2782-6246 FU U.S. Department of Energy/NNSA; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy/NNSA and by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. The authors wish to thank Professor Jim Stone of Princeton University for providing the version of Athena used for the numerical simulations presented in this paper. A.L.V. gratefully acknowledges the Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, for their support and hospitality during his visit, when most of the theoretical results presented here have been obtained. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2016 VL 23 IS 5 AR 052706 DI 10.1063/1.4948492 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DP3WZ UT WOS:000378427900057 ER PT J AU Ko, DS Gould, RW Penta, B Lehrter, JC AF Ko, Dong S. Gould, Richard W., Jr. Penta, Bradley Lehrter, John C. TI Impact of Satellite Remote Sensing Data on Simulations of Coastal Circulation and Hypoxia on the Louisiana Continental Shelf SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE TRMM; MODIS; Louisiana shelf; coastal hypoxia; NCOM-LCS ocean model ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; PREDICTION SYSTEM; RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS; DATA ASSIMILATION; OCEAN; MODEL; VARIABILITY; ATTENUATION; PLUME; ZONE AB We estimated surface salinity flux and solar penetration from satellite data, and performed model simulations to examine the impact of including the satellite estimates on temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen distributions on the Louisiana continental shelf (LCS) near the annual hypoxic zone. Rainfall data from the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) were used for the salinity flux, and the diffuse attenuation coefficient (Kd) from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) were used for solar penetration. Improvements in the model results in comparison with in situ observations occurred when the two types of satellite data were included. Without inclusion of the satellite-derived surface salinity flux, realistic monthly variability in the model salinity fields was observed, but important inter-annual variability was missed. Without inclusion of the satellite-derived light attenuation, model bottom water temperatures were too high nearshore due to excessive penetration of solar irradiance. In general, these salinity and temperature errors led to model stratification that was too weak, and the model failed to capture observed spatial and temporal variability in water-column vertical stratification. Inclusion of the satellite data improved temperature and salinity predictions and the vertical stratification was strengthened, which improved prediction of bottom-water dissolved oxygen. The model-predicted area of bottom-water hypoxia on the Louisiana shelf, an important management metric, was substantially improved in comparison to observed hypoxic area by including the satellite data. C1 [Ko, Dong S.; Gould, Richard W., Jr.; Penta, Bradley] Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Lehrter, John C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Ko, DS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM ko@nrlssc.navy.mil; gould@nrlssc.navy.mil; penta@nrlssc.navy.mil; lehrter.john@epa.gov OI Gould, Richard/0000-0002-5149-048X FU US EPA; Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was supported by an inter-agency agreement between the US EPA and the Naval Research Laboratory. Analyses and visualizations used in Figure 4 of this paper were produced with the Giovanni online data system, developed and maintained by the NASA GES DISC. We also acknowledge the TRMM mission scientists and associated NASA personnel for the production of the rainfall data used in this research effort. We thank for the useful comments and suggestions from 3 reviewers. The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency and the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 6 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 8 IS 5 AR 435 DI 10.3390/rs8050435 PG 16 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA DP3PC UT WOS:000378406400079 ER PT J AU ElBidweihy, H AF ElBidweihy, Hatem TI Preisach-type modeling of high-temperature superconducting hysteresis SO AIP ADVANCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Joint Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (MMM)/Intermag Conference CY JAN 11-15, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Inst Phys, IEEE Magnet soc ID REVERSIBLE FLUXOID MOTION; FINE FILAMENTS AB Even though Isaak Mayergoyz described it as: "much more accurate for the description of superconducting hysteresis than for the description of hysteresis of magnetic materials", Preisach modeling of superconducting hysteresis is not a popular investigative tool. This might be due to the complexity of identifying the Preisach distribution function or due to lack of convincing physical reasoning behind pure phenomenological versions. In this paper, a two-component Preisach-type model is presented which is computationally-efficient and physically-sound. The change in the slope of the minor hysteresis loops is incorporated in the model and is attributed to reversible fluxoid motion. The model presented is clearly capable of simulating various shapes of superconducting hysteresis loops and could be easily coupled with finite element method (FEM) numerical software. (C) 2016 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. C1 [ElBidweihy, Hatem] US Naval Acad, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP ElBidweihy, H (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2158-3226 J9 AIP ADV JI AIP Adv. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 6 IS 5 AR 056402 DI 10.1063/1.4943604 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DO7KX UT WOS:000377962500258 ER PT J AU Friedman, AL Van't Erve, OMJ Robinson, JT Whitener, KE Jonker, BT AF Friedman, Adam L. Van't Erve, Olaf M. J. Robinson, Jeremy T. Whitener, Keith E., Jr. Jonker, Berend T. TI Homoepitaxial graphene tunnel barriers for spin transport SO AIP ADVANCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Joint Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (MMM)/Intermag Conference CY JAN 11-15, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Inst Phys, IEEE Magnet soc ID HYDROGENATED GRAPHENE; SILICON; SPINTRONICS; INJECTION; DEVICES AB Tunnel barriers are key elements for both charge-and spin-based electronics, offering devices with reduced power consumption and new paradigms for information processing. Such devices require mating dissimilar materials, raising issues of heteroepitaxy, interface stability, and electronic states that severely complicate fabrication and compromise performance. Graphene is the perfect tunnel barrier. It is an insulator out-of-plane, possesses a defect-free, linear habit, and is impervious to interdiffusion. Nonetheless, true tunneling between two stacked graphene layers is not possible in environmental conditions usable for electronics applications. However, two stacked graphene layers can be decoupled using chemical functionalization. Here, we demonstrate that hydrogenation or fluorination of graphene can be used to create a tunnel barrier. We demonstrate successful tunneling by measuring non-linear IV curves and a weakly temperature dependent zero-bias resistance. We demonstrate lateral transport of spin currents in non-local spin-valve structures, and determine spin lifetimes with the non-local Hanle effect. We compare the results for hydrogenated and fluorinated tunnel and we discuss the possibility that ferromagnetic moments in the hydrogenated graphene tunnel barrier affect the spin transport of our devices. (C) 2016 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. C1 [Friedman, Adam L.; Van't Erve, Olaf M. J.; Jonker, Berend T.] US Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Robinson, Jeremy T.] US Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Whitener, Keith E., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Friedman, AL (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM adam.friedman@nrl.navy.mil RI Friedman, Adam/D-9610-2011 OI Friedman, Adam/0000-0003-0597-5432 NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 27 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2158-3226 J9 AIP ADV JI AIP Adv. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 6 IS 5 AR 056301 DI 10.1063/1.4942555 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DO7KX UT WOS:000377962500249 ER PT J AU Hanbicki, AT McCreary, KM Kioseoglou, G Currie, M Hellberg, CS Friedman, AL Jonker, BT AF Hanbicki, A. T. McCreary, K. M. Kioseoglou, G. Currie, M. Hellberg, C. S. Friedman, A. L. Jonker, B. T. TI High room temperature optical polarization due to spin-valley coupling in monolayer WS2 SO AIP ADVANCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Joint Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (MMM)/Intermag Conference CY JAN 11-15, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Inst Phys, IEEE Magnet soc ID MOS2; WSE2; GENERATION; EXCITONS AB We prepare single-layer WS2 films such that the photoluminescence is from either the neutral exciton or the negatively charged trion. While the neutral exciton emission has zero polarization at room temperature, we observe a room temperature optical polarization in excess of 40% for the trion. Using an applied gate voltage, we can modulate the electron density, and subsequently the polarization of the trion emission continuously from 20-40%. Both the polarization and the emission energy monotonically track the gate voltage with the emission energy increasing by 45 meV. We discuss the role electron capture by the exciton has on suppressing the intervalley scattering process. (C) 2016 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. C1 [Hanbicki, A. T.; McCreary, K. M.; Hellberg, C. S.; Friedman, A. L.; Jonker, B. T.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kioseoglou, G.] Univ Crete, Iraklion 71003, Greece. [Kioseoglou, G.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas FORTH, Inst Elect Struct & Laser IESL, Iraklion 71110, Greece. [Currie, M.] Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hanbicki, AT (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Hanbicki@nrl.navy.mil RI Friedman, Adam/D-9610-2011 OI Friedman, Adam/0000-0003-0597-5432 NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2158-3226 J9 AIP ADV JI AIP Adv. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 6 IS 5 AR 055804 DI 10.1063/1.4942797 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DO7KX UT WOS:000377962500117 ER PT J AU Jenichen, B Hanke, M Hilse, M Herfort, J Trampert, A Erwin, SC AF Jenichen, B. Hanke, M. Hilse, M. Herfort, J. Trampert, A. Erwin, S. C. TI Diffraction at GaAs/Fe3Si core/shell nanowires: The formation of nanofacets SO AIP ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID FE3SI/GAAS(001) HYBRID STRUCTURES; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; CORE-SHELL NANOWIRES; WAVE BASIS-SET; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; GAAS NANOWIRES; SURFACES; METALS AB GaAs/Fe3Si core/shell nanowire structures were fabricated by molecular-beam epitaxy on oxidized Si(111) substrates and investigated by synchrotron x-ray diffraction. The surfaces of the Fe3Si shells exhibit nanofacets. These facets consist of well pronounced Fe3Si{111} planes. Density functional theory reveals that the Si-terminated Fe3Si{111} surface has the lowest energy in agreement with the experimental findings. We can analyze the x-ray diffuse scattering and diffraction of the ensemble of nanowires avoiding the signal of the substrate and poly-crystalline films located between the wires. Fe3Si nanofacets cause streaks in the x-ray reciprocal space map rotated by an azimuthal angle of 30 degrees compared with those of bare GaAs nanowires. In the corresponding TEM micrograph the facets are revealed only if the incident electron beam is oriented along [1 (1) over bar0] in accordance with the x-ray results. Additional maxima in the x-ray scans indicate the onset of chemical reactions between Fe3Si shells and GaAs cores occurring at increased growth temperatures. (C) 2016 Author(s). C1 [Jenichen, B.; Hanke, M.; Hilse, M.; Herfort, J.; Trampert, A.] Paul Drude Inst Festkorperelekt, Hausvogteipl 5-7, D-10117 Berlin, Germany. [Erwin, S. C.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jenichen, B (reprint author), Paul Drude Inst Festkorperelekt, Hausvogteipl 5-7, D-10117 Berlin, Germany. EM bernd.jenichen@pdi-berlin.de RI d2am, beamline/I-6445-2015; OI Hilse, Maria/0000-0002-2824-1549 FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program FX The authors thank Claudia Herrmann for her support during the MBE growth, Doreen Steffen for sample preparation, Astrid Pfeiffer for help in the laboratory, Anne-Kathrin Bluhm for the SEM micrographs, Esperanza Luna and Xiang Kong for valuable support and helpful discussion. We thank the ESRF in Grenoble for providing beamtime during the experiment HC-1967. We thank Nathalie Boudet and Nils Blanc for their support during the beamtime. The beamtime for some preliminary measurements performed at the PHARAO U-125/2 KMC beamline of the storage ring BESSY II in Berlin is thankfully acknowledged as well. This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program. Some computations were performed at the DoD Major Shared Resource Center at AFRL. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2158-3226 J9 AIP ADV JI AIP Adv. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 6 IS 5 AR 055108 DI 10.1063/1.4949009 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DO7KX UT WOS:000377962500035 ER PT J AU Hart, CR Reznicek, NJ Wilson, DK Pettit, CL Nykaza, ET AF Hart, Carl R. Reznicek, Nathan J. Wilson, D. Keith Pettit, Chris L. Nykaza, Edward T. TI Comparisons between physics-based, engineering, and statistical learning models for outdoor sound propagation SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC SURFACE-LAYER; FEEDFORWARD NETWORKS; TRANSMISSION LOSS; HARMONOISE; IMPEDANCE; PREDICTION; GRADIENTS; TUTORIAL; BARRIER AB Many outdoor sound propagation models exist, ranging from highly complex physics-based simulations to simplified engineering calculations, and more recently, highly flexible statistical learning methods. Several engineering and statistical learning models are evaluated by using a particular physics-based model, namely, a Crank-Nicholson parabolic equation (CNPE), as a benchmark. Narrowband transmission loss values predicted with the CNPE, based upon a simulated data set of meteorological, boundary, and source conditions, act as simulated observations. In the simulated data set sound propagation conditions span from downward refracting to upward refracting, for acoustically hard and soft boundaries, and low frequencies. Engineering models used in the comparisons include the ISO 9613-2 method, Harmonoise, and Nord2000 propagation models. Statistical learning methods used in the comparisons include bagged decision tree regression, random forest regression, boosting regression, and artificial neural network models. Computed skill scores are relative to sound propagation in a homogeneous atmosphere over a rigid ground. Overall skill scores for the engineering noise models are 0.6%, -7.1%, and 83.8% for the ISO 9613-2, Harmonoise, and Nord2000 models, respectively. Overall skill scores for the statistical learning models are 99.5%, 99.5%, 99.6%, and 99.6% for bagged decision tree, random forest, boosting, and artificial neural network regression models, respectively. C1 [Hart, Carl R.; Reznicek, Nathan J.; Wilson, D. Keith] US Army Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Pettit, Chris L.] US Naval Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Nykaza, Edward T.] US Army Construct Engn Res Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Hart, CR (reprint author), US Army Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM carl.r.hart@usace.army.mil RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 FU U.S. Department of Energy; ERDC-CRREL FX We thank Dirk van Maercke (CSTB) for providing version 2.022 of the Harmonoise point-to-point propagation algorithm. We also thank the anonymous reviewers and associate editor for their valuable feedback. This research was supported in part by an appointment (CRH) to the Student Research Participation Program at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center-Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (ERDC-CRREL) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and ERDC-CRREL. Permission to publish was granted by Director, ERDC-CRREL. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 139 IS 5 BP 2640 EP 2655 DI 10.1121/1.4948757 PG 16 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA DO3XF UT WOS:000377715100047 PM 27250158 ER PT J AU Jordan, SA AF Jordan, Stephen A. TI Turbulent boundary layers along straight and curved long thin circular cylinders at low angles-of-incidence SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID WALL-PRESSURE-FLUCTUATIONS; AXIAL-FLOW; FLAT-PLATE; SIMULATIONS AB Long thin circular cylinders commonly serve as towed sonar tracking devices, where the radius-of-curvature along the longitudinal axis is quite low [rho(r) = O(10(-4))]. Because no understanding presently exists about the direct impact of longitudinal curvature on the turbulent statistics, the long cylinder is simply viewed as a chain of straight segments at various (increasing then decreasing) small inclinations to the freestream direction. Realistically, even our statistical evidence along straight thin cylinders at low incidence angles is inadequate to build solid evidence towards forming reliable empirical models. In the present study, we address these shortcomings by executing Large-Eddy Simulations (LESs) of straight and longitudinally curved thin cylinders at low to moderate turbulent radius-based Reynolds numbers (500 <= Re-a <= 3500) and small angles-of-incidence (alpha = 0 degrees -> 9 degrees). Coupled with the previous experimental measurements and numerical results, the new expanded database (311 <= Re-a <= 56 500) delivered sufficient means to propose power-law expressions for the longitudinal evolution of the skin friction, normal drag, and turbulent boundary layer (TBL) length scales. Surprisingly, the LES computations of the curved cylinders at analogous geometric and kinematic conditions as the straight cylinder showed similar character in terms of the longitudinal skin friction. Beyond incidence 1 degrees-3 degrees. (upper end corresponds to the highest simulated Re-a), the skin friction was directly proportional to the yaw angle and monotonically shifted downward with higher Re-a. Conversely, the flow structure, normal drag, TBL length scales, Reynolds stresses, and the separation state of the transverse shear layers towards regular vortex shedding for the curved cylinder were highly dissimilar than the straight one at equivalent incidence angles. C1 [Jordan, Stephen A.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Jordan, SA (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM stephen.jordan@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [N0001415WX00292]; In-House Laboratory Independent Research Program at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division Newport FX This author gratefully acknowledges the support of the Office of Naval Research (Dr. Ronald D. Joslin, Program Officer), Contract No. N0001415WX00292, and the In-House Laboratory Independent Research Program (Mr. Neil J. Dubois, Program Coordinator) at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division Newport. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 EI 1089-7666 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD MAY PY 2016 VL 28 IS 5 AR 055105 DI 10.1063/1.4949271 PG 21 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA DO3VE UT WOS:000377709500035 ER PT J AU Peacock, WF Tamayo, SS Yuan, Z Sicignano, NM Hopf, K Patel, M AF Peacock, W. F. Tamayo, S. Sally Yuan, Z. Sicignano, N. M. Hopf, K. Patel, M. TI Major bleeding among rivaroxaban users with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and heart failure SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Tamayo, S. Sally] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Cardiol, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Yuan, Z.] Janssen Res & Dev LLC, Titusville, NJ USA. [Sicignano, N. M.; Hopf, K.] Hlth ResearchTx LLC, Trevose, PA USA. [Patel, M.] Duke Univ Hlth Syst, Durham, NC USA. [Patel, M.] Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1388-9842 EI 1879-0844 J9 EUR J HEART FAIL JI Eur. J. Heart Fail. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 18 SU 1 SI SI MA P280 BP 62 EP 63 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA DN5KZ UT WOS:000377107500165 ER PT J AU Glaser, DJ Rahman, AS AF Glaser, Darrell J. Rahman, Ahmed S. TI Ex Tridenti Mercatus? Sea-power and maritime trade in the age of globalization SO JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Trade; Arms race; 19th century; War; Mercantilism; Naval power ID INTERNATIONAL-TRADE; GOLD STANDARD; PUBLIC-GOODS; GRAVITY AB This paper tests an implication of the hypothesis that hegemons provide increased global stability and thus promote international commerce. Specifically, we measure the influence of naval power projections on global trade during the latter 19th and early 20th centuries, a time of relative peace and robust commercial activity. We use archival data on the navies of Britain, France, the United States and Germany, capturing longitudinal measures of ship deployment, tonnage, and ship personnel. First we develop an empirical naval arms race model, and demonstrate that the navies of Britain and France in particular responded rigorously to each other. We then use our estimates of naval power projected around the world by Britain and France to measure their effects on bilateral trade in a panel-data gravity model. Results indicate that while navies had some positive impact on their own nation's trade, other nations' trade suffered. Our results show that rather than bolster globalization, the first global arms race damaged commercial interests and lowered trade potential around the world. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Glaser, Darrell J.; Rahman, Ahmed S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Econ, 589 McNair Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Rahman, AS (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Econ, 589 McNair Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1996 EI 1873-0353 J9 J INT ECON JI J. Int. Econ. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 100 BP 95 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.jinteco.2016.03.001 PG 17 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA DN8GL UT WOS:000377317100007 ER PT J AU Torres, JR Jay, GD Kim, KS Bothun, GD AF Torres, J. R. Jay, G. D. Kim, K. -S. Bothun, G. D. TI Adhesion in hydrogel contacts SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE thermomechanics; lubricin; Gent-Eshelby; polymer brush; biofouling; viscoelasticity ID TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE; VISCOELASTIC MATERIALS; CONSERVATION-LAWS; SYNOVIAL-FLUID; MECHANICS; FAILURE; ENTEROMORPHA; DEFORMATIONS; ZOOSPORES; SURFACES AB A generalized thermomechanical model for adhesion was developed to elucidate the mechanisms of dissipation within the viscoelastic bulk of a hyperelastic hydrogel. Results show that in addition to the expected energy release rate of interface formation, as well as the viscous flow dissipation, the bulk composition exhibits dissipation due to phase inhomogeneity morphological changes. The mixing thermodynamics of the matrix and solvent determines the dynamics of the phase inhomogeneities, which can enhance or disrupt adhesion. The model also accounts for the time-dependent behaviour. A parameter is proposed to discern the dominant dissipation mechanism in hydrogel contact detachment. C1 [Torres, J. R.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Sensors & SONAR Syst Dept, Devices Sensors & Mat R&D Branch, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Torres, J. R.; Jay, G. D.; Kim, K. -S.] Brown Univ, Sch Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Bothun, G. D.] Univ Rhode Isl, Coll Engn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP Torres, JR (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Sensors & SONAR Syst Dept, Devices Sensors & Mat R&D Branch, Newport, RI 02841 USA.; Torres, JR (reprint author), Brown Univ, Sch Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM jahn.torres-jove@navy.mil FU National Institutes of Health [NIAMS RO1 AR050180, NCRR P20RR024484, NIAMS R42AR057276]; US Department of Defense [CDMRP PR110746]; Office of Naval Research ILIR; Maritime Sensing Program [ONR321 N0001411WX20311]; Coatings Biofouling Program [ONR332 N0001411WX20995]; Chief Technology Office's Naval Undersea Warfare Center Fellowship FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIAMS RO1 AR050180, NCRR P20RR024484, NIAMS R42AR057276), the US Department of Defense (CDMRP PR110746), the Office of Naval Research ILIR, Maritime Sensing Program (ONR321 N0001411WX20311) and Coatings Biofouling Program (ONR332 N0001411WX20995); and the Chief Technology Office's Naval Undersea Warfare Center Fellowship. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 8 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-5021 EI 1471-2946 J9 P ROY SOC A-MATH PHY JI Proc. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 472 IS 2189 AR 20150892 DI 10.1098/rspa.2015.0892 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO3ZL UT WOS:000377721200009 PM 27279770 ER PT J AU Janssen, AW Christopher, N Sturm, E Veilleux, S Contursi, A Gonzalez-Alfonso, E Fischer, J Davies, R Verma, A Gracia-Carpio, J Genzel, R Lutz, D Sternberg, A Tacconi, L Burtscher, L Poglitsch, A AF Janssen, A. W. Christopher, N. Sturm, E. Veilleux, S. Contursi, A. Gonzalez-Alfonso, E. Fischer, J. Davies, R. Verma, A. Gracia-Carpio, J. Genzel, R. Lutz, D. Sternberg, A. Tacconi, L. Burtscher, L. Poglitsch, A. TI BROAD [C Pi] LINE WINGS AS TRACER OF MOLECULAR AND MULTI-PHASE OUTFLOWS IN INFRARED BRIGHT GALAXIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: starburst; ISM: jets and outflows ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; HERSCHEL-PACS; IONIZED-GAS; QUASAR FEEDBACK; GALACTIC WINDS; LUMINOUS STARBURSTS; MASSIVE GALAXIES; RADIO GALAXIES; DWARF GALAXIES AB We report a tentative correlation between the outflow characteristics derived from OH absorption at 119 mu m and [C II] emission at 158 mu m in a sample of 22 local and bright ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). For this sample, we investigate whether [C II] broad wings are a good tracer of molecular outflows, and how the two tracers are connected. Fourteen objects in our sample have a broad wing component as traced by [C II], and all of these also show OH119 absorption indicative of an outflow (in one case an inflow). The other eight cases, where no broad [C II] component was found, are predominantly objects with no OH outflow or a low-velocity (lambda 100 km s(-1)) OH outflow. The FWHM of the broad [C II] component shows a trend with the OH119 blueshifted velocity, although with significant scatter. Moreover, and despite large uncertainties, the outflow masses derived from OH and broad [C II] show a 1: 1 relation. The main conclusion is therefore that broad [C II] wings can be used to trace molecular outflows. This may be particularly relevant at high redshift, where the usual tracers of molecular gas (like low-J CO lines) become hard to observe. Additionally, observations of blueshifted Na I D lambda lambda 5890, 5896 absorption are available for 10 of our sources. Outflow velocities of Na I D show a trend with OH velocity and broad [C II] FWHM. These observations suggest that the atomic and molecular gas phases of the outflow are connected. C1 [Janssen, A. W.; Sturm, E.; Contursi, A.; Gracia-Carpio, J.; Genzel, R.; Lutz, D.; Tacconi, L.; Burtscher, L.; Poglitsch, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Christopher, N.; Verma, A.] Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Christopher, N.] European Univ Cyprus, Sch Sci, Diogenes St, CY-1516 Nicosia, Cyprus. [Veilleux, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Veilleux, S.] Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gonzalez-Alfonso, E.] Univ Alcala de Henares, E-28871 Madrid, Spain. [Fischer, J.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sternberg, A.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Ramat Aviv, Israel. RP Janssen, AW (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM janssen@mpe.mpg.de FU NHSC/JPL [139807, 1456609]; US-ONR; Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [FIS2012-39162-C06-01]; NASA grant ADAP [NNX15AE56G]; DFG [STE1869/1-1]; NASA through Herschel [1427277, 1454738]; Leverhulme Trust in the form of a Research Fellowship FX We wish to thank Steve Hailey-Dunsheath for discussing Equation (3) with us, and Henrik Spoon for providing us with the OH119 spectra of objects in his sample. We also thank the referee for his/her helpful comments. J.F. acknowledges support from the NHSC/JPL subcontracts 139807 and 1456609; Basic research in IR astronomy at NRL is funded by the US-ONR. E.G.-A. is a Research Associate at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, and thanks the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad for support under project FIS2012-39162-C06-01, and NASA grant ADAP NNX15AE56G. A.S. thanks the DFG for support via GermanIsraeli Project Cooperation grant STE1869/1-1. GE625/15-1. S.V. acknowledges support by NASA through Herschel contracts 1427277 and 1454738. A.V. acknowledges support from the Leverhulme Trust in the form of a Research Fellowship. PACS has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by MPE (Germany) and including UVIE (Austria); KU Leuven, CSL, IMEC (Belgium); CEA, LAM (France); MPIA (Germany); INAF-IFSI/OAA/OAP/OAT, LENS, SISSA (Italy); IAC (Spain). This development has been supported by the funding agencies BMVIT (Austria), ESA-PRODEX (Belgium), CEA/CNES (France), DLR (Germany), ASI/INAF (Italy), and CICYT/MCYT (Spain). NR 75 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 822 IS 1 AR 43 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/822/1/43 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DN6AS UT WOS:000377154100043 ER PT J AU Acero, F Ackermann, M Ajello, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonino, R Bottacini, E Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caputo, R Caragiulo, M Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen, JM Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Condon, B Conrad, J Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Desiante, R Digel, SW Di Venere, L Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Favuzzi, C Ferrara, EC Franckowiak, A Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Gomez-Vargas, GA Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Gustafsson, M Hadasch, D Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hewitt, JW Hill, AB Horan, D Hou, X Iafrate, G Jogler, T Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Katsuta, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocevski, D Kuss, M Laffon, H Lande, J Larsson, S Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Li, J Li, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Magill, J Maldera, S Marelli, M Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monzani, ME Moretti, E Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nemmen, R Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orienti, M Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Petrosian, V Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Renaud, M Reposeur, T Rousseau, R Parkinson, PMS Schmid, J Schulz, A Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spada, F Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strong, AW Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tibolla, O Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Vianello, G Wells, B Wood, KS Wood, M Yassine, M den Hartog, PR Zimmer, S AF Acero, F. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonino, R. Bottacini, E. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caputo, R. Caragiulo, M. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen, J. M. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Condon, B. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Desiante, R. Digel, S. W. Di Venere, L. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Favuzzi, C. Ferrara, E. C. Franckowiak, A. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Gomez-Vargas, G. A. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Gustafsson, M. Hadasch, D. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hewitt, J. W. Hill, A. B. Horan, D. Hou, X. Iafrate, G. Jogler, T. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Katsuta, J. Kerr, M. Knodlseder, J. Kocevski, D. Kuss, M. Laffon, H. Lande, J. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Li, J. Li, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Magill, J. Maldera, S. Marelli, M. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monzani, M. E. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nemmen, R. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Petrosian, V. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Renaud, M. Reposeur, T. Rousseau, R. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Schmid, J. Schulz, A. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spada, F. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strong, A. W. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, O. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Vianello, G. Wells, B. Wood, K. S. Wood, M. Yassine, M. den Hartog, P. R. Zimmer, S. TI THE FIRST FERMI LAT SUPERNOVA REMNANT CATALOG SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; catalogs; cosmic rays; gamma-rays: ISM; ISM: supernova remnants; radiation mechanisms: nonthermal ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; VERY-HIGH-ENERGY; PULSAR-WIND NEBULA; DIFFUSIVE SHOCK ACCELERATION; HARD X-RAY; MHZ MASER EMISSION; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; GALACTIC PLANE SURVEY; HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELD AB To uniformly determine the properties of supernova remnants (SNRs) at high energies, we have developed the first systematic survey at energies from 1 to 100 GeV using data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). Based on the spatial overlap of sources detected at GeV energies with SNRs known from radio surveys, we classify 30 sources as likely GeV SNRs. We also report 14 marginal associations and 245 flux upper limits. A mock catalog in which the positions of known remnants are scrambled in Galactic longitude allows us to determine an upper limit of 22% on the number of GeV candidates falsely identified as SNRs. We have also developed a method to estimate spectral and spatial systematic errors arising from the diffuse interstellar emission model, a key component of all Galactic Fermi LAT analyses. By studying remnants uniformly in aggregate, we measure the GeV properties common to these objects and provide a crucial context for the detailed modeling of individual SNRs. Combining our GeV results with multiwavelength (MW) data, including radio, X-ray, and TeV, we demonstrate the need for improvements to previously sufficient, simple models describing the GeV and radio emission from these objects. We model the GeV and MW emission from SNRs in aggregate to constrain their maximal contribution to observed Galactic cosmic rays. C1 [Acero, F.; Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Schmid, J.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Lab AIM, CEA,IRFU,CNRS,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Ackermann, M.; Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.; Schulz, A.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; Drell, P. S.; Franckowiak, A.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Johnson, A. S.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.; den Hartog, P. R.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; Drell, P. S.; Franckowiak, A.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Johnson, A. S.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.; den Hartog, P. R.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Barbiellini, G.; Iafrate, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Chiaro, G.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bellazzini, R.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spada, F.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Caragiulo, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Desiante, R.; Latronico, L.; Maldera, S.; Raino, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bonino, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Cohen, J. M.; Ferrara, E. C.; Guiriec, S.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; Kocevski, D.; Perkins, J. S.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Renaud, M.; Yassine, M.] Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, F-34059 Montpellier, France. [Bruel, P.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caputo, R.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Wells, B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Caputo, R.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Wells, B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Chekhtman, A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Roma, Italy. [Cohen, J. M.; Magill, J.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Cohen, J. M.; Magill, J.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Condon, B.; Grondin, M. -H.; Laffon, H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Reposeur, T.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Conrad, J.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Li, L.; Zimmer, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.] Royal Swedish Acad Sci, Box 50005, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. [D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Drlica-Wagner, A.; Raino, S.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Katsuta, J.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Funk, S.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Gomez-Vargas, G. A.; Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Gomez-Vargas, G. A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Fis, Ave Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile. [Guillemot, L.] Univ Orleans, Lab Phys & Chim Environm & Espace, CNRS, F-45071 Orleans 02, France. [Guillemot, L.] Observ Paris, CNRS, INSU, Stn Radioastron Nancay, F-18330 Nancay, France. [Gustafsson, M.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Theoret Phys, Fac Phys, Friedrich Hund Pl 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Hadasch, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Fanzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Hadasch, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Fanzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Hayashida, M.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. [Hewitt, J. W.] Univ N Florida, Dept Phys, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Hill, A. B.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Hou, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Observ, Kunming 650216, Peoples R China. [Hou, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Struct & Evolut Celestial Objects, Kunming 650216, Peoples R China. [Iafrate, G.] Osserv Astron Trieste, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, Dunhaga 3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Kamae, T.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Katagiri, H.] Ibaraki Univ, Coll Sci, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 3108512, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, 3-4-1 Okubo, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Kerr, M.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Knodlseder, J.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knodlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, GAHEC, UPS OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France. [Lande, J.] Twitter Inc, 1355 Market St 900, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, Inst Space Sci IEEC, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mitthumsiri, W.] Mahidol Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Moiseev, A. A.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Moretti, E.; Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Murgia, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Cosmol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Nemmen, R.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Astron Geofis & Cincias Atmosfer, Rua Matdo 1226, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Razzaque, S.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, POB 524, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa. [Rousseau, R.] Lycee Fresnel, Paris, France. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tajima, H.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Tanaka, T.] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Kyoto, Japan. [Tibolla, O.] Univ Autonoma Chiapas UNACH, MCTP, Carretera Emiliano Zapata Km 4, Tuxtla Gutierrez 29050, Chiapas, Mexico. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Uchiyama, Y.] 3-34-1 Nishi Ikebukuro,Toshima Ku, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. [Guiriec, S.; den Hartog, P. R.] HAL24K Data Intelligence Labs, Barbara Strozzilaan, NL-1083 HN Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP de Palma, F (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.; de Palma, F (reprint author), Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy. EM t.j.brandt@nasa.gov; francesco.depalma@ba.infn.it RI Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; OI Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; Mazziotta, Mario Nicola/0000-0001-9325-4672 FU Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France FX Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. NR 290 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 7 U2 13 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 224 IS 1 AR 8 DI 10.3847/0067-0049/224/1/8 PG 50 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DN4PR UT WOS:000377050200008 ER PT J AU Boris, DR Cothran, CD Compton, CS Amatucci, WE Walton, SG AF Boris, David R. Cothran, Christopher D. Compton, Christopher S. Amatucci, William E. Walton, Scott G. TI On the Mechanism of Pulsed Electron Beam Production From an Uninterrupted Plasma Cathode SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Beams; electron accelerators; electron beam applications; electron beams; electron guns; electron sources; plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD); plasma generation; plasma materials-processing applications; plasma properties ID STAINLESS-STEEL AB Electron extraction from a hollow cathode plasma discharge through a primary anode, biased with a dc accelerating potential, is modulated to produce pulsed or continuous electron beams without the interruption of the plasma cathode discharge. This is achieved with the addition of a secondary anode, within the hollow cathode. When this secondary anode is electrically connected to the primary anode, beam production ceases; when the secondary anode is electrically isolated, beam production resumes. Previous works demonstrated the utility and operation of this device; however, the precise physical principles allowing beam modulation were not well characterized. In this paper, we show that beam modulation can be understood in terms of changes in plasma potential within the hollow cathode that either promote or prevent the formation of an electron sheath at the exit of the hollow cathode, which is mediated by the electrical state of the secondary anode. Maintaining a plasma within the hollow cathode during a state change of the secondary anode depends on the secondary anode meeting the criteria for global nonambipolar flow. These effects are explored with both the Langmuir probe measurements within the hollow cathode during the steady-state operation, and the high-speed current and voltage monitoring during beam pulses. C1 [Boris, David R.; Amatucci, William E.; Walton, Scott G.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cothran, Christopher D.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Compton, Christopher S.] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. RP Boris, DR (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.boris@nrl.navy.mil; cdc81@georgetown.edu; chris.compton.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; bill.amatucci@nrl.navy.mil; scott.walton@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 44 IS 5 BP 761 EP 768 DI 10.1109/TPS.2016.2547329 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DN2GS UT WOS:000376882700006 ER PT J AU Fontana, J Charipar, N Flom, SR Naciri, J Pique, A Ratna, BR AF Fontana, Jake Charipar, Nicholas Flom, Steven R. Naciri, Jawad Pique, Alberto Ratna, Banahalli R. TI Rise of the Charge Transfer Plasmon: Programmable Concatenation of Conductively Linked Gold Nanorod Dimers SO ACS PHOTONICS LA English DT Article DE gold; nanorods; plasmonics; charge-transfer plasmon; self-assembly; femtosecond laser ID NEGATIVE-INDEX; OPTICAL METAMATERIAL; EXPERIMENTAL-VERIFICATION; NANOANTENNAS; REFRACTION; LIGHT AB The ability to tune the resonant frequency in plasmonic nanostructures is fundamental to developing novel optical properties and ensuing materials. Recent theoretical insights have shown through the conductive concatenation of plasmonic nanoparticles that the effective depolarization factor of the nanostructure, and subsequent charge transfer plasmon (CTP) resonance, can be intricately controlled [Fontana, J.; Ratna, B. R. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2014, 105, 011107]. However, translating these charge transfer properties from proof-of-principle experiments to high-quality, macroscale quantities for material applications remains challenging. Here, we experimentally demonstrate by using an electrostatic-based molecular assembly approach how to controllably concatenate gold nanorods end-to-end into discrete dimers, preventing unwanted longer structures and forming a capacitively coupled plasmon (CCP) resonance along the long axis of the dimer. Irradiating these suspensions with femtosecond laser pulses at the CCP dimer resonance wavelength selectively welds only the CCP dimers together, bridging the nanorods with gold nanojunctions and producing large, high-quality yields of welded dimers. Macroscale (similar to 10(12) dimers) absorbance measurements reveal a CTP resonance arising from these welded dimers with absorbance peak magnitudes as large as 0.5 and full-width-at-half maximum of 274 nm. We show by controlling the aspect ratio of the welded dimers that the CTP absorbance wavelength can differ significantly (similar to 20%) from a single nanorod with a similar aspect ratio, demonstrating the ability to modulate the effective depolarization factor of the dimer structures and resulting CTP resonance. We also carried out three-dimensional finite element simulations showing less than a 5% shift in the CTP absorbance wavelength as a function of the contact point connecting the nanorods and relative orientation, in agreement with our experiments. C1 [Fontana, Jake; Charipar, Nicholas; Flom, Steven R.; Naciri, Jawad; Pique, Alberto; Ratna, Banahalli R.] US Navy, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fontana, J (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jake.fontana@nrl.navy.mil NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2330-4022 J9 ACS PHOTONICS JI ACS Photonics PD MAY PY 2016 VL 3 IS 5 BP 904 EP 911 DI 10.1021/acsphotonics.6b00184 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA DM4RF UT WOS:000376333700025 ER PT J AU Brouillette, C Smith, W Shende, C Gladding, Z Farquharson, S Morris, RE Cramer, JA Schmitigal, J AF Brouillette, Carl Smith, Wayne Shende, Chetan Gladding, Zack Farquharson, Stuart Morris, Robert E. Cramer, Jeffrey A. Schmitigal, Joel TI Analysis of Twenty-Two Performance Properties of Diesel, Gasoline, and Jet Fuels Using a Field-Portable Near-Infrared (NIR) Analyzer SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Fuel analysis; fuel properties; fuel analyzer; near-infrared spectroscopy; NIR ID PARTIAL LEAST-SQUARES; FT-IR; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; PETROLEUM FUELS; OCTANE NUMBERS AB The change in custody of fuel shipments at depots, pipelines, and ports could benefit from an analyzer that could rapidly verify that properties are within specifications. To meet this need, the design requirements for a fuel analyzer based on near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, such as spectral region and resolution, were examined. It was found that the 1000 to 1600nm region, containing the second CH overtone and combination vibrational modes of hydrocarbons, provided the best near-infrared to fuel property correlations when path length was taken into account, whereas 4cm(-1) resolution provided only a modest improvement compared to 16cm(-1) resolution when four or more latent variables were used. Based on these results, a field-portable near-infrared fuel analyzer was built that employed an incandescent light source, sample compartment optics to hold 2mL glass sample vials with approximate to 1cm path length, a transmission grating, and a 256 channel InGaAs detector that measured the above stated wavelength range with 5-6nm (approximate to 32cm(-1)) resolution. The analyzer produced high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) spectra of samples in 5s. Twenty-two property correlation models were developed for diesel, gasoline, and jet fuels with root mean squared error of correlation - cross-validated values that compared favorably to corresponding ASTM reproducibility values. The standard deviations of predicted properties for repeat measurements at 4, 24, and 38? were often better than ASTM documented repeatability values. The analyzer and diesel property models were tested by measuring seven diesel samples at a local ASTM certification laboratory. The standard deviations between the analyzer determined values and the ASTM measured values for these samples were generally better than the model root mean squared error of correlationcross-validated values for each property. C1 [Brouillette, Carl; Smith, Wayne; Shende, Chetan; Gladding, Zack; Farquharson, Stuart] Real Time Analyzers Inc, 362 Ind Pk Rd,8, Middletown, CT USA. [Morris, Robert E.; Cramer, Jeffrey A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schmitigal, Joel] US Army, TARDEC, Warren, MI USA. RP Farquharson, S (reprint author), Real Time Analyzers Inc, 362 Ind Pk Rd,8, Middletown, CT USA. EM stu@rta.biz FU US Army SBIR program [W56HZV-13-C-0296]; US Army; US Navy and Defense Logistics Agency [W56HZV-14-C-0106] FX Real-Time Analyzers, Inc. is grateful for the support provided by the US Army SBIR program (grant number W56HZV-13-C-0296) and the US Army in conjunction with the US Navy and Defense Logistics Agency (grant number W56HZV-14-C-0106) in developing the portable fuel analyzer. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0003-7028 EI 1943-3530 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 70 IS 5 SI SI BP 746 EP 755 DI 10.1177/0003702816638279 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA DM3XU UT WOS:000376280800003 PM 27006025 ER PT J AU Kluver, D Mote, T Leathers, D Henderson, GR Chan, WH Robinson, DA AF Kluver, Daria Mote, Tom Leathers, Daniel Henderson, Gina R. Chan, Weihan Robinson, David A. TI Creation and Validation of a Comprehensive 1 degrees by 1 degrees Daily Gridded North American Dataset for 1900-2009: Snowfall SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LAKE-EFFECT SNOWFALL; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; NEW-ENGLAND; WINTER CLIMATE; TREND ANALYSIS; PRECIPITATION; VARIABILITY; TEMPERATURE; CANADA; 20TH-CENTURY AB This study details the creation of a gridded snowfall dataset for North America, with focus on the quality of the interpolated product. Daily snowfall amounts from National Weather Service Cooperative Observer Program stations and Meteorological Service of Canada surface stations are interpolated to 18 by 18 grids from 1900 to 2009 and examined for data record length and quality. The interpolation is validated spatially and temporally through the use of stratified sampling and k-fold cross-validation analyses. Interpolation errors average around 0.5 cm and range from less than 0.01 to greater than 2.5 cm. For most locations, this is within the measurement sensitivity. Grid cells with large variations in elevation experience higher errors and should be used with caution. A new gridded snowfall climatology is presented based on in situ observations that capture seasonal and interannual variability in monthly snowfall over most of the North American land area from 1949 to 2009. The Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network is used as an independent set of point data that is compared to the gridded product. Errors are mainly in the form of the gridded data underestimating snowfall compared to the point data. The spatial extent, temporal length, and resolution of the dataset are unprecedented with regard to observational snowfall products and will present new opportunities for examining snowfall across North America. C1 [Kluver, Daria] Cent Michigan Univ, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. [Mote, Tom] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Leathers, Daniel; Chan, Weihan] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE USA. [Henderson, Gina R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Robinson, David A.] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Kluver, D (reprint author), Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, 314 Brooks Hall, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. EM kluve1db@cmich.edu NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 EI 1520-0426 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 33 IS 5 BP 857 EP 871 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-15-0027.1 PG 15 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DM5BU UT WOS:000376362600001 ER PT J AU Obenauer, PJ Rueda, LM El-Hossary, SS Watany, N Stoops, CA Fakoli, LS Bolay, FK Diclaro, JW AF Obenauer, P. J. Rueda, L. M. El-Hossary, S. S. Watany, N. Stoops, C. A. Fakoli, L. S. Bolay, F. K. Diclaro, J. W., II TI New Records and Updated Checklist of Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) From Liberia SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Leishmaniasis; Phlebotomus; Sergentomyia; West Africa ID SANDFLIES; LEISHMANIASIS; BIOLOGY; COMPLEX; GHANA AB Phlebotomine sand flies from three counties in Liberia were collected from January 2011 to July 2013. In total, 3,118 sand flies were collected: 18 species were identified, 13 of which represented new records for Liberia. An updated taxonomic checklist is provided with a brief note on sand fly biology, and the disease vector potential for species is discussed. C1 [Obenauer, P. J.] US Navy, 1600 Clifton Rd,649,Bldg 23,Off 9-117, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Obenauer, P. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Marine Corps Publ Hlth Ctr Det, 1600 Clifton Rd,649,Bldg 23,Off 9-117, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Rueda, L. M.; El-Hossary, S. S.; Watany, N.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Entomol Branch, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Rueda, L. M.; El-Hossary, S. S.; Watany, N.] Adjacent Abbassa Fever Hosp, Imtidad Ramses St, Abbassa 11517, Egypt. [Diclaro, J. W., II] US Navy, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Stoops, C. A.] US Navy, Med Res Unit Lima Peru 6, 3230 Lima Pl, Washington, DC 20521 USA. [Fakoli, L. S.; Bolay, F. K.] Liberian Inst Biomed Res, POB 31, Monrovia, Liberia. RP Obenauer, PJ (reprint author), US Navy, 1600 Clifton Rd,649,Bldg 23,Off 9-117, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.; Obenauer, PJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Marine Corps Publ Hlth Ctr Det, 1600 Clifton Rd,649,Bldg 23,Off 9-117, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM Yry3@cdc.gov; ruedapol@si.edu; shabaanelhossary57@yahoo.com; Noha.Watany.eg@med.navy.mil; craig.a.stoops.mil@mail.mil; lawfako2008@yahoo.com; bolayf@lr.afro.who.int; DiclaroJW@state.gov FU Department of Defense's Global Emerging Infections System (GEIS) [C0436-11-N3, C0549-12-N3] FX We thank Maria Badra for her assistance with logistical support of all personnel and materials pertaining to this study, and El-Shaimaa Nour El-Din, Rania Kaldas, Emad Fawaz, and Mahmoud Abdel-Dayem for their help in processing, identifying, and testing sand fly specimens. We thank the U.S. Navy Entomology Center of Excellence (NECE) staff for their assistance with collecting sand flies. We are grateful to the support staff of the Liberian Institute for Biomedical Research (LIBR), Monrovia, Liberia, for assisting and executing this study. A special thanks to Graham White and Seth Irish for providing a critical review of this manuscript. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, the Department of the Army, and the Department of Defense, nor the U.S. Government. This work was funded by the Department of Defense's Global Emerging Infections System (GEIS) unit work numbers C0436-11-N3 and C0549-12-N3. This work was prepared as part of our official duties. Title 17 U.S.C. 105 provides that "Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government." Title 17 U.S.C. 101 defines a U.S. Government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the U.S. Government as part of that person's official duties. Furthermore, this research was performed under a Memorandum of Understanding between the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research and the Smithsonian Institution, with institutional support provided by both organizations. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 53 IS 3 BP 717 EP 720 DI 10.1093/jme/tjv255 PG 4 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA DM6II UT WOS:000376454800036 PM 26810730 ER PT J AU Barma, NH Durbin, B Lorber, E Whitlark, RE AF Barma, Naazneen H. Durbin, Brent Lorber, Eric Whitlark, Rachel E. TI "Imagine a World in Which": Using Scenarios in Political Science SO INTERNATIONAL STUDIES PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE scenario analysis; problem-based learning; research agendas; experiential learning; bridging the gap ID POLICY; DISSERTATION AB A crucial dimension of bridging the gap between international affairs scholarship and policymaking is the generation of substantive, policy-relevant research programs. We describe the use of scenario analysis as a valuable experiential and problem-based technique for developing innovative research ideas in political science. We focus especially on the scholarly and pedagogical potential of scenarios for doctoral students by describing the structured use of scenarios at the annual New Era Foreign Policy Conference. The features of scenario analysis that commend its use to policymakers also make it well suited to helping political scientists generate policy-relevant research programs. Scenarios are plausible and textured stories that help imagine how the future political-economic world could be different from the past in a manner that highlights policy challenges. Scenario analysis can throw into sharp relief overlooked, yet pressing questions in international affairs that demand focused investigation. In turn, the search for answers can shape important research programs geared toward providing actionable clarity in understanding contemporary global issues and challenges. C1 [Barma, Naazneen H.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Durbin, Brent] Smith Coll, Northampton, MA 01063 USA. [Lorber, Eric] Gibson Dunn & Crutcher, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Whitlark, Rachel E.] Harvard Univ, John F Kennedy Sch Govt, Belfer Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Barma, NH (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. FU Carnegie Corporation of New York FX The authors are affiliated with Bridging the Gap, funded by the Carnegie Corporation of New York. We thank Steve Weber and Ely Ratner, who were part of the original team that initiated the New Era Foreign Policy Conference and designed the scenario process we describe here, as well as Jim Goldgeier and Bruce Jentleson for their collaboration and support. We are grateful for their comments and suggestions on this article. The views expressed are our own. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1528-3577 EI 1528-3585 J9 INT STUD PERSPECT JI Int. Stud. Perspect. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 17 IS 2 BP 117 EP 135 DI 10.1093/isp/ekv005 PG 19 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA DM5LX UT WOS:000376391600001 ER PT J AU Warren, TC AF Warren, T. Camber TI Modeling the coevolution of international and domestic institutions: Alliances, democracy, and the complex path to peace SO JOURNAL OF PEACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE alliance; coevolution; diplomacy; network; security; simulation ID ORGANIZATIONS PROMOTE PEACE; ACTOR-ORIENTED MODELS; SOCIAL NETWORKS; INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS; MILITARIZED DISPUTES; KANTIAN PEACE; LOGIT-MODELS; CONFLICT; WAR; SIMILARITY AB While much previous research has examined the relationship between interstate military alliances and the structure of domestic regimes, existing findings point in contradictory directions. Some have argued that democracies attract each other as alliance partners, and thereby generate international peace as a consequence of their domestic regime type, while others have argued that the causal relationship is reversed, and that international pacification creates the necessary space for international alliances and domestic democratization. To disentangle this difficult empirical relationship, this article presents an empirically grounded simulation model of the dynamic coevolution of interstate military alliances, international conflict, and domestic democratization, demonstrating a statistical approach which accounts both for the complex interdependencies generated by coevolving multiplex networks of interstate ties and for their reciprocal influence on the coevolution of domestic political regimes, over the period 1920-2000. The results show that international institutions and domestic institutions are mutually constituted, with both selection' effects and influence' effects operating simultaneously. In particular, the evidence indicates that states with similar regimes are more prone to ally with each other, mutually democratic dyads are less inclined to engage in militarized disputes, and states that form international alliances with democratic partners are more likely to develop domestic democratic institutions. Tests of out-of-sample predictive accuracy, across multidecade prediction windows, further demonstrate that the coevolutionary model consistently outperforms specifications that ignore coevolutionary effects, in predicting subsequent patterns of military alliances, military conflict, and domestic democratization. C1 [Warren, T. Camber] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Warren, TC (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM CamberW@gmail.com NR 105 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 12 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0022-3433 EI 1460-3578 J9 J PEACE RES JI J. Peace Res. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 53 IS 3 SI SI BP 424 EP 441 DI 10.1177/0022343316633375 PG 18 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA DM3XA UT WOS:000376278800010 ER PT J AU Wang, DW Wijesekera, HW Jarosz, E Teague, WJ AF Wang, D. W. Wijesekera, H. W. Jarosz, E. Teague, W. J. TI Turbulent Diffusivity under High Winds from Acoustic Measurements of Bubbles SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID WAVE-ENHANCED TURBULENCE; NEAR-SURFACE TURBULENCE; UPPER-OCEAN; BREAKING WAVES; LANGMUIR CIRCULATION; CLOUDS; LAYER; SEA; DISSIPATION; DISTRIBUTIONS AB Breaking surface waves generate layers of bubble clouds as air parcels entrain into the upper ocean through the action of turbulent motions. The turbulent diffusivity in the bubble cloud layer is investigated by combining measurements of surface winds, waves, bubble acoustic backscatter, currents, and hydrography. These measurements were made at water depths of 60-90 m on the shelf of the Gulf of Alaska near Kayak Island during late December 2012, a period when the ocean was experiencing winds and significant wave heights up to 22 m s(-1) and 9 m, respectively. Vertical profiles of acoustic backscatter decayed exponentially from the wave surface with e-folding lengths of about 0.6 to 6 m, while the bubble penetration depths were about 3 to 30 m. Both e-folding lengths and bubble depths were highly correlated with surface wind and wave conditions. The turbulent diffusion coefficients, inferred from e-folding length and bubble depth, varied from about 0.01 to 0.4 m(2) s(-1). Analysis suggests that the turbulent diffusivity in the bubble layer can be parameterized as a function of the cube of the wind friction velocity with a proportionality coefficient that depends weakly on wave age. Furthermore, in the bubble layer, on average, the shear production of the turbulent kinetic energy estimated by the diffusion coefficients is a similar order of magnitude as the dissipation rate predicted by the wall boundary layer theory. C1 [Wang, D. W.; Wijesekera, H. W.; Jarosz, E.; Teague, W. J.] Naval Res Lab, 1009 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Wang, DW (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 1009 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM david.wang@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research in a Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) project FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research in a Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) project referred to as Breaking-Wave Effects under High Winds (BWE). We thank the assistance provided by U. S. Coast Guard. We thank Mark Hulbert, Steve Sova, Andrew Quaid, and Justin Brodersen for their technical support. We also thank the captain, crew, and marine technicians of the R/V Oceanus and the crew of Sound Pacer for their assistance. We thank the two anonymous reviewers for their thorough and careful review of the manuscript and useful comments. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 EI 1520-0485 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 46 IS 5 BP 1593 EP 1613 DI 10.1175/JPO-D-15-0164.1 PG 21 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DM2DD UT WOS:000376155600002 ER PT J AU Tripathi, OP Baldwin, M Charlton-Perez, A Charron, M Cheung, JCH Eckermann, SD Gerber, E Jackson, DR Kuroda, Y Lang, A McLay, J Mizuta, R Reynolds, C Roff, G Sigmond, M Son, SW Stockdale, T AF Tripathi, Om P. Baldwin, Mark Charlton-Perez, Andrew Charron, Martin Cheung, Jacob C. H. Eckermann, Stephen D. Gerber, Edwin Jackson, David R. Kuroda, Yuhji Lang, Andrea McLay, Justin Mizuta, Ryo Reynolds, Carolyn Roff, Greg Sigmond, Michael Son, Seok-Woo Stockdale, Tim TI Examining the Predictability of the Stratospheric Sudden Warming of January 2013 Using Multiple NWP Systems SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID OFFICE UNIFIED MODEL; ENSEMBLE PREDICTION SYSTEM; PROGNOSTIC CLOUD FRACTION; LARGE-SCALE MODELS; GRAVITY-WAVE DRAG; POLAR VORTEX; ELLIPTIC DIAGNOSTICS; NUMERICAL FORECASTS; SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE; SCHEME DESCRIPTION AB The first multimodel study to estimate the predictability of a boreal sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) is performed using five NWP systems. During the 2012/13 boreal winter, anomalous upward propagating planetary wave activity was observed toward the end of December, which was followed by a rapid deceleration of the westerly circulation around 2 January 2013, and on 7 January 2013 the zonal-mean zonal wind at 608N and 10 hPa reversed to easterly. This stratospheric dynamical activity was followed by an equatorward shift of the tropospheric jet stream and by a high pressure anomaly over the North Atlantic, which resulted in severe cold conditions in the United Kingdom and northern Europe. In most of the five models, the SSW event was predicted 10 days in advance. However, only some ensemble members in most of the models predicted weakening of westerly wind when the models were initialized 15 days in advance of the SSW. Further dynamical analysis of the SSW shows that this event was characterized by the anomalous planetary wavenumber-1 amplification followed by the anomalous wavenumber-2 amplification in the stratosphere, which resulted in a split vortex occurring between 6 and 8 January 2013. The models have some success in reproducing wavenumber-1 activity when initialized 15 days in advance, but they generally failed to produce the wavenumber-2 activity during the final days of the event. Detailed analysis shows that models have reasonably good skill in forecasting tropospheric blocking features that stimulate wavenumber-2 amplification in the troposphere, but they have limited skill in reproducing wavenumber-2 amplification in the stratosphere. C1 [Tripathi, Om P.; Charlton-Perez, Andrew] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England. [Baldwin, Mark] Univ Exeter, Coll Engn Math & Phys Sci, Exeter, Devon, England. [Charron, Martin] Environm Canada, Meteorol Res Div, Dorval, PQ, Canada. [Cheung, Jacob C. H.; Jackson, David R.] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Eckermann, Stephen D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gerber, Edwin] NYU, Courant Inst Math Sci, New York, NY USA. [Kuroda, Yuhji; Mizuta, Ryo] Meteorol Res Inst, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Lang, Andrea] SUNY Albany, Atmospher & Environm Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [McLay, Justin; Reynolds, Carolyn] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Roff, Greg] Bur Meteorol, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Melbourne, Australia. [Sigmond, Michael] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Son, Seok-Woo] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul, South Korea. [Stockdale, Tim] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Pk, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England. RP Tripathi, OP (reprint author), Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England. EM o.p.tripathi@reading.ac.uk RI Sigmond, Michael /K-3169-2012; OI Sigmond, Michael /0000-0003-2191-9756; Reynolds, Carolyn/0000-0003-4690-4171 FU Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) [H5147600]; SPARC FX The Stratospheric Network for the Assessment of Predictability (SNAP) is supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) (Grant H5147600) and partially supported by the SPARC. NR 79 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 144 IS 5 BP 1935 EP 1960 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0010.1 PG 26 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DM1TZ UT WOS:000376130700002 ER PT J AU Redding, B Ahmadi, P Cao, H AF Redding, Brandon Ahmadi, Peyman Cao, Hui TI An Alternative to LEDs for Full-Field Imaging SO PHOTONICS SPECTRA LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL-COHERENCE; LASER AB A broadband fiber amplified spontaneous emission light source delivers the brightness and low spatial and temporal coherence required for optical coherence tomography and ranging applications. C1 [Redding, Brandon] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ahmadi, Peyman] Nufern Inc, East Granby, CT 06026 USA. [Cao, Hui] Yale Univ, Appl Phys & Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Redding, B (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Ahmadi, P (reprint author), Nufern Inc, East Granby, CT 06026 USA.; Cao, H (reprint author), Yale Univ, Appl Phys & Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM redding.brandon@gmail.com; pahmadi@nufern.com; hui.cao@yale.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU LAURIN PUBL CO INC PI PITTSFIELD PA BERKSHIRE COMMON PO BOX 1146, PITTSFIELD, MA 01202 USA SN 0731-1230 J9 PHOTONIC SPECTRA JI Photon. Spect. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 50 IS 5 BP 46 EP 49 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA DM3EG UT WOS:000376229000021 ER PT J AU Mungan, CE AF Mungan, Carl E. TI In defense of derivations SO PHYSICS TEACHER LA English DT Editorial Material ID VIDEO C1 [Mungan, Carl E.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mungan, CE (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM mungan@usna.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN PHYSICS TEACHERS PI COLLEGE PK PA 5110 ROANOKE PLACE SUITE 101, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740 USA SN 0031-921X J9 PHYS TEACH JI Phys. Teach. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 54 IS 5 BP 316 EP 317 DI 10.1119/1.4947168 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DL8ZP UT WOS:000375931200023 ER PT J AU Zhang, FR Xia, SX Stanica, P Zhou, Y AF Zhang, Fengrong Xia, Shixiong Stanica, Pantelimon Zhou, Yu TI Further results on constructions of generalized bent Boolean functions SO SCIENCE CHINA-INFORMATION SCIENCES LA English DT Letter C1 [Zhang, Fengrong; Xia, Shixiong] China Univ Min & Technol, Sch Comp Sci & Technol, Xuzhou 221116, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Fengrong] Xidian Univ, State Key Lab Integrated Serv Networks, Xian 710071, Peoples R China. [Stanica, Pantelimon] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Zhou, Yu] Sci & Technol Commun Secur Lab, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China. RP Xia, SX (reprint author), China Univ Min & Technol, Sch Comp Sci & Technol, Xuzhou 221116, Peoples R China. EM xiasx@cumt.edu.cn NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 6 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-733X EI 1869-1919 J9 SCI CHINA INFORM SCI JI Sci. China-Inf. Sci. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 59 IS 5 AR 059102 DI 10.1007/s11432-016-5543-7 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA DL8IJ UT WOS:000375885400026 ER PT J AU Chartas, G Rhea, C Kochanek, C Dai, X Morgan, C Blackburne, J Chen, B Mosquera, A MacLeod, C AF Chartas, G. Rhea, C. Kochanek, C. Dai, X. Morgan, C. Blackburne, J. Chen, B. Mosquera, A. MacLeod, C. TI Gravitational lensing size scales for quasars SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; galaxies: active; gravitational lensing; quasars: general ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; MICROLENSING LIGHT CURVES; OPTICAL-EMISSION REGIONS; ROTATING BLACK-HOLE; X-RAY CONTINUUM; ACCRETION DISK; EMITTING REGIONS; LENSED QUASARS; LINE-PROFILES; PG 1115+080 AB We review results from our monitoring observations of several lensed quasars performed in the optical, UV, and X-ray bands. Modeling of the multi-wavelength light curves provides constraints on the extent of the optical, UV, and X-ray emission regions. One of the important results of our analysis is that the optical sizes as inferred from the microlensing analysis are significantly larger than those predicted by the theoretical-thin-disk estimate. In a few cases we also constrain the slope of the size-wavelength relation. Our size constraints of the soft and hard X-ray emission regions of quasars indicate that in some objects of our sample the hard X-ray emission region is more compact than the soft and in others the soft emission region is smaller. This difference may be the result of the relative strengths of the disk-reflected (harder and extended) versus corona-direct (softer and compact) components in the quasars of our sample. Finally, we present the analysis of several strong microlensing events where we detect an evolution of the relativistic Fe line profile as the magnification caustic traverses the accretion disk. These caustic crossings are used to provide constraints on the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) radius and the accretion disk inclination angle of the black hole in quasar RX J1131-1231. (C) 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH&Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Chartas, G.; Rhea, C.] Coll Charleston, Dept Phys & Astron, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. [Kochanek, C.; Blackburne, J.; Mosquera, A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Dai, X.; Chen, B.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Morgan, C.; Mosquera, A.; MacLeod, C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [MacLeod, C.] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Chartas, G (reprint author), Coll Charleston, Dept Phys & Astron, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. EM chartasg@cofc.edu FU NASA via the Smithsonian Institution [G03-141l0B] FX We acknowledge financial support from NASA via the Smithsonian Institution grant G03-141l0B. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 EI 1521-3994 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 337 IS 4-5 BP 356 EP 361 DI 10.1002/asna.201612313 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DL6CJ UT WOS:000375725600003 ER PT J AU Dasadia, S Sun, M Morandi, A Sarazin, C Clarke, T Nulsen, P Massaro, F Roediger, E Harris, D Forman, B AF Dasadia, Sarthak Sun, Ming Morandi, Andrea Sarazin, Craig Clarke, Tracy Nulsen, Paul Massaro, Francesco Roediger, Elke Harris, Dan Forman, Bill TI Shocking features in the merging galaxy cluster RXJ0334.2-0111 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual: RXJ0334.2-0111; galaxies: clusters: individual: 3C89; galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; galaxies: jets; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATION; FLUX-LIMITED SAMPLE; TAIL RADIO-SOURCES; X-RAY; COOLING FLOWS; BOW SHOCK; OBSERVATIONAL EVIDENCE; CHANDRA OBSERVATION; EMISSION-LINE AB We present a 66 ks Chandra X-ray observation of the galaxy cluster RXJ0334.2-0111. This deep observation revealed a unique bow shock system associated with a wide angle tail (WAT) radio galaxy and several intriguing substructures. The temperature across the bow shock jumps by a factor of similar to 1.5 (from 4.1 to 6.2 keV), and is consistent with the Mach number M = 1.6(-0.3)(+0.5). A second inner surface brightness edge is a cold front that marks the border between infalling subcluster cool core and the intracluster medium of the main cluster. The temperature across the cold front increases from 1.3(-0.8)(+0.3) to 6.2(-0.6)(+0.6) keV. We find an overpressurized region similar to 250 kpc east of the cold front that is named 'the eastern extension (EE)'. The EE may be a part of the third subcluster in the ongoing merger. We also find a tail shaped feature that originates near the bow shock and may extend up to a distance of similar to 1 Mpc. This feature is also likely overpressurized. The luminous FR-I radio galaxy, 3C89, appears to be the cD galaxy of the infalling subcluster. We estimated 3C89's jet power from jet bending and the possible interaction between the X-ray gas and the radio lobes. A comparison between the shock standoff distance and the Mach number for all known shock front/cold front combinations suggests that the core is continuously shrinking in size by stripping. C1 [Dasadia, Sarthak; Sun, Ming; Morandi, Andrea] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Sarazin, Craig] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Clarke, Tracy] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nulsen, Paul] Univ Western Australia, ICRAR, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Massaro, Francesco] Univ Turin, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Roediger, Elke] Univ Hull, Dept Math & Phys, EA Milne Ctr Astrophys, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England. [Harris, Dan; Forman, Bill] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Dasadia, S (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM sbd0002@uah.edu RI Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016; OI Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; Morandi, Andrea/0000-0002-5575-3056; Nulsen, Paul/0000-0003-0297-4493 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [GO2-13160A, GO2-13102A]; NASA [NAS8-03060]; NASA ADAP award [NNX14AI29G]; 6.1 Base funding FX We thank Maxim Markevitch and Marios Chatzikos for discussion and comments. Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through Chandra Award GO2-13160A and GO2-13102A issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the NASA under contract NAS8-03060. This work was also supported in part by the NASA ADAP award NNX14AI29G. Basic research in radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 Base funding. This research has made use of data and/or software provided by the High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC), which is a service of the Astrophysics Science Division at NASA/GSFC and the High Energy Astrophysics Division of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. The NRAO VLA Archive Survey image was produced as part of the NRAO VLA Archive Survey, (c) AUI/NRAO. NR 68 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 458 IS 1 BP 681 EP 694 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw291 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DJ9YI UT WOS:000374568900045 ER PT J AU Oh, E Liu, R Nel, A Gemill, KB Bilal, M Cohen, Y Medintz, IL AF Oh, Eunkeu Liu, Rong Nel, Andre Gemill, Kelly Boeneman Bilal, Muhammad Cohen, Yoram Medintz, Igor L. TI Meta-analysis of cellular toxicity for cadmium-containing quantum dots SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; HUMAN EPIDERMAL-KERATINOCYTES; METAL-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; HUMAN NEUROBLASTOMA-CELLS; AQUEOUS-PHASE SYNTHESIS; IN-VITRO CYTOTOXICITY; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; SIRNA DELIVERY AB Understanding the relationships between the physicochemical properties of engineered nanomaterials and their toxicity is critical for environmental and health risk analysis. However, this task is confounded by material diversity, heterogeneity of published data and limited sampling within individual studies. Here, we present an approach for analysing and extracting pertinent knowledge from published studies focusing on the cellular toxicity of cadmium-containing semiconductor quantum dots. From 307 publications, we obtain 1,741 cell viability-related data samples, each with 24 qualitative and quantitative attributes describing the material properties and experimental conditions. Using random forest regression models to analyse the data, we show that toxicity is closely correlated with quantum dot surface properties (including shell, ligand and surface modifications), diameter, assay type and exposure time. Our approach of integrating quantitative and categorical data provides a roadmap for interrogating the wide-ranging toxicity data in the literature and suggests that meta-analysis can help develop methods for predicting the toxicity of engineered nanomaterials. C1 [Oh, Eunkeu] US Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Code 5611, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Oh, Eunkeu] Sotera Def Solut, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Liu, Rong; Cohen, Yoram] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Liu, Rong; Nel, Andre; Bilal, Muhammad; Cohen, Yoram] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Environm Implicat Nanotechnol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Nel, Andre] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div NanoMed, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Gemill, Kelly Boeneman; Medintz, Igor L.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cohen, Yoram] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Liu, R; Cohen, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.; Liu, R; Cohen, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Environm Implicat Nanotechnol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.; Medintz, IL (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Cohen, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM rongliu@ucla.edu; yoram@ucla.edu; Igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil FU National Science Foundation; Environmental Protection Agency [DBI-0830117] FX I.L.M. acknowledges the Naval Research Laboratory Nanosciences Institute and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Joint Science and Technology Office Military Interdepartmental Purchase Request no. B112582M. This study is also based on work supported by the National Science Foundation and the Environmental Protection Agency under Cooperative Agreement no. DBI-0830117. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or the Environmental Protection Agency. This work has not been subjected to EPA review and no official endorsement should be inferred. Computational cluster support by the UCLA WaTeR center is also acknowledged. NR 352 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 35 U2 66 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 EI 1748-3395 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 11 IS 5 BP 479 EP + DI 10.1038/NNANO.2015.338 PG 15 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DM2FV UT WOS:000376163300020 PM 26925827 ER PT J AU Song, SZ Zhang, JX Liu, Y Auguston, M Sun, J Dong, JS Chen, TM AF Song, Songzheng Zhang, Jiexin Liu, Yang Auguston, Mikhail Sun, Jun Dong, Jin Song Chen, Tieming TI Formalizing and verifying stochastic system architectures using Monterey Phoenix SO SOFTWARE AND SYSTEMS MODELING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Business Process Modeling, Development, and Support (BPMDS) / 18th International Conference on Exploring Modeling Methods for Systems Analysis and Design (EMMSAD) CY JUN 17-18, 2013 CL CAiSE, Valencia, SPAIN HO CAiSE DE Model checking; Stochastic system architecture; Monterey Phoenix ID MODEL CHECKING AB The analysis of software architecture plays an important role in understanding the system structures and facilitate proper implementation of user requirements. Despite its importance in the software engineering practice, the lack of formal description and verification support in this domain hinders the development of quality architectural models. To tackle this problem, in this work, we develop an approach for modeling and verifying software architectures specified using Monterey Phoenix (MP) architecture description language. MP is capable of modeling system and environment behaviors based on event traces, as well as supporting different architecture composition operations and views. First, we formalize the syntax and operational semantics for MP; therefore, formal verification of MP models is feasible. Second, we extend MP to support shared variables and stochastic characteristics, which not only increases the expressiveness of MP, but also widens the properties MP can check, such as quantitative requirements. Third, a dedicated model checker for MP has been implemented, so that automatic verification of MP models is supported. Finally, several experiments are conducted to evaluate the applicability and efficiency of our approach C1 [Song, Songzheng; Liu, Yang] Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Zhang, Jiexin; Dong, Jin Song] Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Sun, Jun] Singapore Univ Technol & Design, Singapore, Singapore. [Auguston, Mikhail] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Chen, Tieming] Zhejiang Univ Technol, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Song, SZ (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore 639798, Singapore. EM songsz@ntu.edu.sg; jiexinzh@comp.nus.edu.sg; yangliu@ntu.edu.sg; maugusto@nps.edu; sunjun@sutd.edu.sg; dongjs@comp.nus.edu.sg; tmchen@zjut.edu.cn RI Liu, Yang/D-2306-2013 NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1619-1366 EI 1619-1374 J9 SOFTW SYST MODEL JI Softw. Syst. Model. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 15 IS 2 BP 453 EP 471 DI 10.1007/s10270-014-0411-7 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA DJ9XY UT WOS:000374567800009 ER PT J AU Halterman, K Alidoust, M AF Halterman, Klaus Alidoust, Mohammad TI Josephson currents and spin-transfer torques in ballistic SFSFS nanojunctions SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ballistic SFSFS Josephson systems; spin currents; superconductor; nanostructure; proximity effects; triplet correlations; quantum computing ID CURRENT-PHASE RELATION; ANDREEV REFLECTION; WEAK LINKS; FERROMAGNET; SUPERCONDUCTORS; SPINTRONICS; JUNCTIONS AB Utilizing a full microscopic Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) approach, we study the equilibrium charge and spin currents in ballistic SFSFS Josephson systems, where F is a uniformly magnetized ferromagnet and S is a conventional s-wave superconductor. From the spatially varying spin currents, we also calculate the associated equilibrium spin-transfer torques. Through variations in the relative phase differences between the three S regions, and magnetization orientations of the ferromagnets, our study demonstrates tunability and controllability of the spin and charge supercurrents. The spin-transfer torques are shown to reveal details of the proximity effects that play a crucial role in these types of hybrid system. The proposed SFSFS nanostructure is discussed within the context of a superconducting magnetic torque transistor. C1 [Halterman, Klaus] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Michelson Lab, Div Phys, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Alidoust, Mohammad] Univ Basel, Dept Phys, Klingelbergstr 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. [Alidoust, Mohammad] Univ Isfahan, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Hezar Jerib Ave, Esfahan 8174673441, Iran. RP Halterman, K (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Michelson Lab, Div Phys, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM klaus.halterman@navy.mil; phymalidoust@gmail.com OI Alidoust, Mohammad/0000-0002-1554-687X FU ONR; DOD HPCMP FX KH is supported in part by ONR and by a grant of supercomputer resources provided by the DOD HPCMP. MA would like to thank A. Zyuzin for helpful discussions. NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 EI 1361-6668 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 29 IS 5 AR 055007 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/29/5/055007 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DL3ZL UT WOS:000375572100019 ER PT J AU Avramov-Zamurovic, S Nelson, C Guth, S Korotkova, O AF Avramov-Zamurovic, S. Nelson, C. Guth, S. Korotkova, O. TI Flatness parameter influence on scintillation reduction for multi-Gaussian Schell-model beams propagating in turbulent air SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PARTIALLY COHERENT BEAMS; ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; INTENSITY FLUCTUATIONS; OPTICAL COMMUNICATION; FAR FIELDS; MEDIA AB Reduction in the scintillation index of multi-Gaussian Schell-model beams propagating in turbulent air is demonstrated as a function of two source parameters: the r.m.s. coherence width and the summation index. The beams were generated with the help of a nematic phase-only, reflective spatial light modulator at a cycling rate of 333 frames per second and recorded after propagating through a weakly turbulent air channel over a distance of 70 m. Experimental results are in good agreement with theory. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Avramov-Zamurovic, S.] US Naval Acad, Weapons & Syst Engn Dept, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Nelson, C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Guth, S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, 589 McNair Rd,Stop 10M, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Korotkova, O.] Univ Miami, Dept Phys, 1320 Campo Sano Dr, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. RP Avramov-Zamurovic, S (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Weapons & Syst Engn Dept, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM avramov@usna.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-12-1-0449]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N0001414-WX-00267, N0001414WX20723, N00014-151-2350] FX Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (FA9550-12-1-0449); Office of Naval Research (ONR) (N0001414-WX-00267, N0001414WX20723, N00014-151-2350). NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 13 BP 3442 EP 3446 DI 10.1364/AO.55.003442 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA DK8CN UT WOS:000375154900010 PM 27140353 ER PT J AU Charipar, NA Kim, H Breckenfeld, E Charipar, KM Mathews, SA Pique, A AF Charipar, N. A. Kim, H. Breckenfeld, E. Charipar, K. M. Mathews, S. A. Pique, A. TI Polycrystalline VO2 thin films via femtosecond laser processing of amorphous VOx SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID SOL-GEL PROCESS; VANADIUM; METAMATERIALS; ELECTRODES; TRANSITION AB Femtosecond laser processing of pulsed laser-deposited amorphous vanadium oxide thin films was investigated. Polycrystalline VO2 thin films were achieved by femtosecond laser processing in air at room temperature. The electrical transport properties, crystal structure, surface morphology, and optical properties were characterized. The laser-processed films exhibited a metal-insulator phase transition characteristic of VO2, thus presenting a pathway for the growth of crystalline vanadium dioxide films on low-temperature substrates. C1 [Charipar, N. A.; Kim, H.; Charipar, K. M.; Mathews, S. A.; Pique, A.] US Navy, Res Lab, Mateiasl Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Breckenfeld, E.] US Navy, Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Charipar, NA (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Mateiasl Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM nicholas.charipar@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 EI 1432-0630 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 122 IS 5 AR 512 DI 10.1007/s00339-016-0034-7 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA DL2EJ UT WOS:000375445700025 ER PT J AU Jones, J White, RJ Quinn, S Ireland, M Boyajian, T Schaefer, G Baines, EK AF Jones, Jeremy White, R. J. Quinn, S. Ireland, M. Boyajian, T. Schaefer, G. Baines, E. K. TI THE AGE OF THE DIRECTLY IMAGED PLANET HOST STAR kappa ANDROMEDAE DETERMINED FROM INTERFEROMETRIC OBSERVATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; stars: early-type; stars: evolution; stars: individual (kappa Andromedae); stars: rotation; techniques: interferometric ID STELLAR ASTROPHYSICS MESA; A-TYPE STARS; BROWN DWARFS; CHEMICAL ABUNDANCES; EVOLUTIONARY MODELS; GIANT PLANETS; MASS; PHOTOMETRY; ACCRETION; ROTATION AB kappa Andromedae, an early-type star that hosts a directly imaged low-mass companion, is expected to be oblate due to its rapid rotational velocity (v sin i = similar to 162 km s(-1)). We observed the star with the CHARA Array's optical beam combiner, PAVO, measuring its size at multiple orientations and determining its oblateness. The interferometric measurements, combined with photometry and this v sin i value are used to constrain an oblate star model that yields the fundamental properties of the star and finds a rotation speed that is similar to 85% of the critical rate and a low inclination of similar to 30 degrees. Three modeled properties (the average radius, bolometric luminosity, and equatorial velocity) are compared to MESA evolution models to determine an age and mass for the star. In doing so, we determine an age for the system of 47(-40)(+27) Myr. Based on this age and previous measurements of the companion's temperature, the BHAC15 evolution models imply a mass for the companion of 22(-9)(+8) MJ. C1 [Jones, Jeremy; White, R. J.; Quinn, S.; Schaefer, G.] Georgia State Univ, Ctr High Angular Resolut Astron, 25 Pk Pl,Suite 605, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Jones, Jeremy; White, R. J.; Quinn, S.; Schaefer, G.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 25 Pk Pl,Suite 605, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Ireland, M.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Boyajian, T.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Baines, E. K.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jones, J (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Ctr High Angular Resolut Astron, 25 Pk Pl,Suite 605, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.; Jones, J (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 25 Pk Pl,Suite 605, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM jones@astro.gsu.edu OI Jones, Jeremy/0000-0003-3045-5148; Boyajian, Tabetha/0000-0001-9879-9313 FU National Science Foundation [AST-1211929, AST-1411654]; NSF AAG [1009643, 1517762] FX J.J. thanks Dr. Sasha Hinkley and Dr. Josh Schlieder for their helpful comments. This work is based upon observations obtained with the Georgia State University Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy Array at Mount Wilson Observatory. The CHARA Array is supported by the National Science Foundation under grants AST-1211929 and AST-1411654. Institutional support has been provided from the GSU College of Arts and Sciences and the GSU Office of the Vice President for Research and Economic Development. J.J. and R.J.W. acknowledge support from NSF AAG grants 1009643 and 1517762. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 822 IS 1 AR L3 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/822/1/L3 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DK8CF UT WOS:000375154100003 ER PT J AU Singleton, D Carter, C Pendleton, SJ Brophy, C Sinibaldi, J Luginsland, JW Brown, M Stockman, E Gundersen, MA AF Singleton, Daniel Carter, Campbell Pendleton, Scott J. Brophy, Christopher Sinibaldi, Jose Luginsland, John W. Brown, Michael Stockman, Emanuel Gundersen, Martin A. TI The effect of humidity on hydroxyl and ozone production by nanosecond discharges SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Non-equilibrium plasma; Nanosecond pulsed power; Transient plasma ignition; Planar laser induced florescence; Hydroxyl; Ozone ID TRANSIENT PLASMA; IGNITION; COMBUSTION; OXYGEN; SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULES; CHEMISTRY; QUIESCENT; MIXTURES AB The interplay of humidity and non-equilibrium, transient plasma was studied via ignition experiments in a C2H4-air mixture, concentration measurements in humid air, and detailed simulations. Hydroxyl (OH) and ozone (O-3) produced via non-equilibrium plasma were characterized in a flowing H2O-air mixture at atmospheric pressure with varying the levels of humidity using planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) and UV absorption, respectively. The OH, which was created in the discharge streamers, peaked at a concentration of similar to 5x 10(14)/cm(3) and then decayed below 1 x 10(14)/cm(3) after similar to 100 mu s. O-3, which is long lived, peaked at a concentration of 1.4 x 10(15)/cm(3). An increase in humidity from X-H2O approximate to 0.2% to 1% resulted in a monotonic increase in the concentration of OH and a 67% decrease in that of O-3. Zero-dimensional Boltzmann modeling of non-equilibrium plasma discharges in humid air showed qualitative agreement with these results and points to the decrease in o concentration (with increasing humidity) as the reason for the decreased O-3 concentration. In spite the dramatic decline in X-O3 with increased humidity, there was no strong commensurate effect on ignition and flame propagation in C2H4-air mixtures: Peak pressure rise rate was at its maximum value at X-H2O = 1% but was only 25% less at X-H2O = 5%. (C) 2016 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Singleton, Daniel; Pendleton, Scott J.; Gundersen, Martin A.] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Carter, Campbell; Brown, Michael] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Brophy, Christopher; Sinibaldi, Jose] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Luginsland, John W.] NumerEx, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Stockman, Emanuel] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Singleton, Daniel] Transient Plasma Syst, 1751 Torrance Blvd,Suite K, Torrance, CA 90501 USA. [Pendleton, Scott J.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Sinibaldi, Jose] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Luginsland, John W.] Air Force Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Singleton, D (reprint author), Transient Plasma Syst, 1751 Torrance Blvd,Suite K, Torrance, CA 90501 USA. EM dsinglet@usc.edu OI Singleton, Daniel/0000-0001-5052-4409; Sinibaldi, Jose/0000-0002-9871-0590; Stockman, Emanuel/0000-0002-4891-5184 NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD MAY PY 2016 VL 167 BP 164 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.02.016 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DK3FQ UT WOS:000374802900013 ER PT J AU Carlson, RP Oshota, O Shipman, M Caserta, JA Hu, P Saunders, CW Xu, J Jay, ZJ Reeder, N Richards, A Pettigrew, C Peyton, BM AF Carlson, Ross P. Oshota, Olusegun Shipman, Matt Caserta, Justin A. Hu, Ping Saunders, Charles W. Xu, Jun Jay, Zackary J. Reeder, Nancy Richards, Abigail Pettigrew, Charles Peyton, Brent M. TI Integrated molecular, physiological and in silico characterization of two Halomonas isolates from industrial brine SO EXTREMOPHILES LA English DT Article DE Halophile; Halomonas; Brine; Compatible solute; Systems biology ID TRAP-TRANSPORTER TEAABC; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; COMPATIBLE SOLUTES; STRESS RESPONSES; PATHWAY ANALYSIS; H+/ATP RATIOS; BACTERIA; METABOLISM; SYSTEMS; ECTOINE AB Two haloalkaliphilic bacteria isolated from industrial brine solutions were characterized via molecular, physiological, and in silico metabolic pathway analyses. Genomes from the organisms, designated Halomonas BC1 and BC2, were sequenced; 16S ribosomal subunit-based phylogenetic analysis revealed a high level of similarity to each other and to Halomonas meridiana. Both strains were moderate halophiles with near optimal specific growth rates (a parts per thousand yen60 % mu (max)) observed over < 0.1-5 % (w/v) NaCl and pH ranging from 7.4 to 10.2. Isolate BC1 was further characterized by measuring uptake or synthesis of compatible solutes under different growth conditions; in complex medium, uptake and accumulation of external glycine betaine was observed while ectoine was synthesized de novo in salts medium. Transcriptome analysis of isolate BC1 grown on glucose or citrate medium measured differences in glycolysis- and gluconeogenesis-based metabolisms, respectively. The annotated BC1 genome was used to build an in silico, genome-scale stoichiometric metabolic model to study catabolic energy strategies and compatible solute synthesis under gradients of oxygen and nutrient availability. The theoretical analysis identified energy metabolism challenges associated with acclimation to high salinity and high pH. The study documents central metabolism data for the industrially and scientifically important haloalkaliphile genus Halomonas. C1 [Carlson, Ross P.; Oshota, Olusegun; Shipman, Matt; Jay, Zackary J.; Richards, Abigail; Peyton, Brent M.] Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Carlson, Ross P.; Jay, Zackary J.; Richards, Abigail; Peyton, Brent M.] Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Caserta, Justin A.; Hu, Ping; Saunders, Charles W.; Xu, Jun; Reeder, Nancy; Pettigrew, Charles] Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH 45202 USA. [Oshota, Olusegun] Univ Cambridge, Dept Vet Med, Cambridge, England. [Shipman, Matt] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. RP Carlson, RP; Peyton, BM (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM ross.carlson@montana.edu; bpeyton@montana.edu OI Peyton, Brent/0000-0003-0033-0651 FU Procter and Gamble, Inc. FX The authors are grateful for the financial assistance of Procter and Gamble, Inc. and appreciate the contributions of Adam Kennedy and colleagues at Metabolon, Inc. The authors would also like to thank Ryan Jennings, Ashley Beck and Kristopher Hunt for critical reading of the manuscript and 16S rRNA analysis. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 10 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 1431-0651 EI 1433-4909 J9 EXTREMOPHILES JI Extremophiles PD MAY PY 2016 VL 20 IS 3 BP 261 EP 274 DI 10.1007/s00792-015-0806-6 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA DK3QJ UT WOS:000374832100003 PM 26888357 ER PT J AU Ye, RC de Hoop, MV Petrovitch, CL Pyrak-Nolte, LJ Wilcox, LC AF Ye, Ruichao de Hoop, Maarten V. Petrovitch, Christopher L. Pyrak-Nolte, Laura J. Wilcox, Lucas C. TI A discontinuous Galerkin method with a modified penalty flux for the propagation and scattering of acousto-elastic waves SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Numerical approximations and analysis; Interface waves; Seismic anisotropy; Wave propagation ID FINITE-DIFFERENCE METHOD; SPECTRAL-ELEMENT METHOD; RUNGE-KUTTA METHODS; NUMERICAL TREATMENT; EQUATION; SCHEMES; MEDIA; TOPOGRAPHY; INTERFACES AB We develop an approach for simulating acousto-elastic wave phenomena, including scattering from fluid-solid boundaries, where the solid is allowed to be anisotropic, with the discontinuous Galerkin method. We use a coupled first-order elastic strain-velocity, acoustic velocity-pressure formulation, and append penalty terms based on interior boundary continuity conditions to the numerical (central) flux so that the consistency condition holds for the discretized discontinuous Galerkin weak formulation. We incorporate the fluid-solid boundaries through these penalty terms and obtain a stable algorithm. Our approach avoids the diagonalization into polarized wave constituents such as in the approach based on solving elementwise Riemann problems. C1 [Ye, Ruichao] Rice Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Houston, TX USA. [de Hoop, Maarten V.] Rice Univ, Simons Chair Computat & Appl Math & Earth Sci, Houston, TX USA. [Petrovitch, Christopher L.] Appl Res Associates Inc, Raleigh, NC USA. [Pyrak-Nolte, Laura J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Wilcox, Lucas C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA USA. RP Ye, RC (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Houston, TX USA. EM ruichao.ye@gmail.com FU BGP; ExxonMobil; PGS; Statoil; Total FX This research was supported in part by the members, BGP, ExxonMobil, PGS, Statoil and Total, of the Geo-Mathematical Imaging Group. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0956-540X EI 1365-246X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 205 IS 2 BP 1267 EP 1289 DI 10.1093/gji/ggw070 PG 23 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DK7GE UT WOS:000375092400042 ER PT J AU Koehler, AD Anderson, TJ Tadjer, MJ Weaver, BD Greenlee, JD Shahin, DI Hobart, KD Kub, FJ AF Koehler, Andrew D. Anderson, Travis J. Tadjer, Marko J. Weaver, Bradley D. Greenlee, Jordan D. Shahin, David I. Hobart, Karl D. Kub, Francis J. TI Impact of Surface Passivation on the Dynamic ON-Resistance of Proton-Irradiated AlGaN/GaN HEMTs SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE GaN HEMT; dynamic ON-resistance; in situ SiN; PECVD SiN; proton radiation; charge trapping; current collapse ID ELECTRON-MOBILITY TRANSISTORS; DEPOSITION; PLASMA AB Radiation tolerance of AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) is studied with 2-MeV protons, up to a fluence of 6 x 10(14) H+/cm(2) (about 200 times of typical Si MOSFET rating). The increase in dynamic ON-resistance (RONDYN) after radiation is observed to be much more severe than that of static ON-resistance. Radiation-induced donor-like traps located near the two-dimensional electron gas trap electrons, which is responsible for the phenomenon. Compared with the devices passivated by conventional plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) SiN, GaN HEMTs with 10 nm of in situ SiN before the PECVD SiN step demonstrate much less increase in RONDYN from 2300% to only 300%. The in situ SiN is believed to reduce the process damage by PECVD, improving radiation tolerance. C1 [Koehler, Andrew D.; Anderson, Travis J.; Tadjer, Marko J.; Weaver, Bradley D.; Greenlee, Jordan D.; Hobart, Karl D.; Kub, Francis J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Shahin, David I.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Koehler, AD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM andrew.koehler@nrl.navy.mil NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 17 U2 42 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0741-3106 EI 1558-0563 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 37 IS 5 BP 545 EP 548 DI 10.1109/LED.2016.2537050 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DK4DW UT WOS:000374868300005 ER PT J AU Stanica, P AF Stanica, Pantelimon TI On Weak and Strong 2(k)-Bent Boolean Functions SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY LA English DT Article DE Boolean functions; Walsh-Hadamard transforms; bent; negabent; octabent; hexadecabent; 2(k)-bent functions ID GENERALIZED BENT CRITERIA AB In this paper, we introduce a sequence of discrete Fourier transforms and define new versions of bent functions, which we shall call (weak and strong) octa/hexadeca and, in general, 2(k)-bent functions. We investigate relationships between these classes and completely characterize the octabent and hexadecabent functions in terms of bent functions. We further find relative difference sets based upon these functions. C1 [Stanica, Pantelimon] US Navy, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Stanica, P (reprint author), US Navy, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pstanica@nps.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9448 EI 1557-9654 J9 IEEE T INFORM THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory PD MAY PY 2016 VL 62 IS 5 BP 2827 EP 2835 DI 10.1109/TIT.2016.2539971 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA DK6BJ UT WOS:000375005500033 ER PT J AU Squire, DT Morrill-Winter, C Hutchins, N Schultz, MP Klewicki, JC Marusic, I AF Squire, D. T. Morrill-Winter, C. Hutchins, N. Schultz, M. P. Klewicki, J. C. Marusic, I. TI Comparison of turbulent boundary layers over smooth and rough surfaces up to high Reynolds numbers SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE turbulent boundary; layers; turbulent flows ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; NEAR-WALL TURBULENCE; CHANNEL FLOW; EXPERIMENTAL SUPPORT; PRESSURE-GRADIENTS; LOGARITHMIC REGION; PIPE-FLOW; FEATURES; STATISTICS; HYPOTHESIS AB Turbulent houndary layer measurements above a smooth wall and sandpaper roughness are presented across a wide range of friction Reynolds numbers, delta(+)(99) and equivalent sand grain roughness Reynolds numbers, k(s)(+) (smooth wall: 2020 <= delta(+)(99) <= 21 430, rough wall: 2890 <= delta(+)(99) <= 29 900; 22 <= k(s)(+) <= 155; and 28 <= delta(+)(99)/ k(s)(+) <= 199). For the rough-wall measurements, the mean all shear stress is determined using a floating element drag balance. All smooth- and rough-wall data exhibit, over an inertial sublayer, regions of logarithmic dependence in the mean velocity and streamwise velocity variance. These logarithmic slopes are apparently the same between smooth and rough walls, indicating similar dynamics are present in this region. The streamwise mean velocity defect and skewness profiles each show convincing collapse in the outer region of the flow, suggesting that Townsend's (The Structure of Turbulent Shear Flow, vol. 1, 1956, Cambridge University Press) wall-similarity hypothesis is a good approximation for these statistics even at these finite friction Reynolds numbers. Outer-layer collapse is also observed in the rough-wall streamwise velocity variance, but only for flows with delta(+)(99) greater than or similar to 14000. At Reynolds numbers lower than this, profile invariance is only apparent when the flow is fully rough. In transitionally rough flows at low delta(+)(99), the outer region of the inner-normalised streamwise velocity variance indicates a dependence on k(s)(+) for the present rough surface. C1 [Squire, D. T.; Morrill-Winter, C.; Hutchins, N.; Klewicki, J. C.; Marusic, I.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Mech Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Schultz, M. P.] US Naval Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Klewicki, J. C.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Mech Engn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Squire, DT (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Mech Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. EM squired@unimelb.edu.au FU Australian Research Council FX The authors wish to thank the Australian Research Council for the financial support of this research. M.P.S. would like to thank the U.S. Office of Naval Research for supporting his sabbatical visit to the University of Melbourne. NR 74 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 9 U2 21 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 EI 1469-7645 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 795 BP 210 EP 240 DI 10.1017/jfm.2016.196 PG 31 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA DK5MT UT WOS:000374964700011 ER PT J AU Foraker, J Royset, JO Kaminer, I AF Foraker, Joseph Royset, Johannes O. Kaminer, Isaac TI Search-Trajectory Optimization: Part I, Formulation and Theory SO JOURNAL OF OPTIMIZATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Search theory; Continuous time-and-space search; Consistent approximations; Parameter-distributed optimal control; Force protection ID CONDITIONALLY DETERMINISTIC MOTION; RANDOMLY MOVING OBJECT; TARGET AB We formulate a search-trajectory optimization problem, with multiple searchers looking for multiple targets in continuous time and space, as a parameter-distributed optimal control model. The problem minimizes the probability that all of the searchers fail to detect any of the targets during a planning horizon. We construct discretization schemes and prove that they lead to consistent approximations in the sense of E. Polak. C1 [Foraker, Joseph] US Naval Acad, 572-C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Royset, Johannes O.; Kaminer, Isaac] Naval Postgrad Sch, 1411 Cunningham Rd,700 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Foraker, J (reprint author), US Naval Acad, 572-C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM foraker@usna.edu; joroyset@nps.edu; kaminer@nps.edu FU ONR MURI "Science of Autonomy" FX The second and third authors were partially supported by ONR MURI "Science of Autonomy." NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-3239 EI 1573-2878 J9 J OPTIMIZ THEORY APP JI J. Optim. Theory Appl. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 169 IS 2 BP 530 EP 549 DI 10.1007/s10957-015-0768-y PG 20 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA DK4BK UT WOS:000374861300009 ER PT J AU Foraker, J Royset, JO Kaminer, I AF Foraker, Joseph Royset, Johannes O. Kaminer, Isaac TI Search-Trajectory Optimization: Part II, Algorithms and Computations SO JOURNAL OF OPTIMIZATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Search theory; Continuous time and space search; Consistent approximations; Parameter-distributed optimal control; Force protection AB We implement and solve a search-trajectory optimization problem originally formulated in our companion paper, with multiple searchers looking for multiple targets in continuous time and space. The problem minimizes the probability that all of the searchers fail to detect any of the targets during a planning horizon. We develop an implementable algorithm that converges to stationary points of the original infinite-dimensional problem. Numerical tests illustrate the approach in a naval scenario with up to three searchers protecting a capital ship from ten attackers in go-fast boats. C1 [Foraker, Joseph] US Naval Acad, 572-C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Royset, Johannes O.; Kaminer, Isaac] Naval Postgrad Sch, 1411 Cunningham Rd,700 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Foraker, J (reprint author), US Naval Acad, 572-C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM foraker@usna.edu; joroyset@nps.edu; kaminer@nps.edu FU ONR MURI "Science of Autonomy" FX The authors are thankful to CDR Douglas Burton, CDR David Schiffman, CDR Harrison Schramm, and LCDR Ron Cappellini, US Navy, for advice in constructing numerical test scenarios. The second and third authors were partially supported by ONR MURI "Science of Autonomy." NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-3239 EI 1573-2878 J9 J OPTIMIZ THEORY APP JI J. Optim. Theory Appl. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 169 IS 2 BP 550 EP 567 DI 10.1007/s10957-015-0770-4 PG 18 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA DK4BK UT WOS:000374861300010 ER PT J AU Neal, M Henebry, A Mamczak, CN Ruland, R AF Neal, Meredith Henebry, Andrew Mamczak, Christiaan N. Ruland, Robert TI The Efficacy of a Single-Incision Versus Two-Incision Four-Compartment Fasciotomy of the Leg: A Cadaveric Model SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA LA English DT Article DE compartment syndrome; fasciotomy ID ACUTE COMPARTMENT SYNDROME; TIBIAL FRACTURES AB Objectives: Replicating an established cadaveric model, this study investigates the efficacy of single-incision and 2-incision fasciotomies to satisfactorily decompress all 4 compartments of the leg. We hypothesized that both techniques would adequately release each compartment and that a compartment syndrome could not be recreated in the deep posterior compartment after releases by either technique. Methods: Acute compartment syndrome was simulated in 8-paired, fresh-frozen human cadaver legs by infusing normal saline into all 4 compartments. Subsequent 4-compartment fasciotomies were performed on each pair using both techniques. After fascial release, the deep posterior compartment was reinfused in an attempt to recreate an acute compartment syndrome. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student t-test with significance set at a P value less than 0.05. Results: Sustainable pressures greater than 60 mm Hg were established in all 4 compartments of each specimen. Postfasciotomy pressures were all reduced to less than 30 mm Hg using both single-incision and 2-incision techniques. There were no statistically significant differences in postrelease pressures between the 2 techniques in any compartment. The average postrelease pressure in the deep posterior compartment was 4.6 mm Hg (range 0-10 mm Hg) with the single-incision technique and 5.6 mm Hg (range 1-10 mm Hg) with the 2-incision technique (P = 0.44). After complete fasciotomies, it was not possible to recreate the elevated pressures of acute compartment syndrome in the deep posterior compartment of any specimen. Conclusions: A single-incision, 4-compartment fasciotomy is as effective as a 2-incision technique for release of acute compartment syndrome in this cadaveric model. C1 [Neal, Meredith; Henebry, Andrew; Ruland, Robert] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Mamczak, Christiaan N.] Mem Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Surg, South Bend, IN USA. [Mamczak, Christiaan N.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed Surg, South Bend, IN 46615 USA. RP Neal, M (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, 620 John Paul Jones Cir, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM dithneal@gmail.com NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0890-5339 EI 1531-2291 J9 J ORTHOP TRAUMA JI J. Orthop. Trauma PD MAY PY 2016 VL 30 IS 5 BP E164 EP E168 DI 10.1097/BOT.0000000000000517 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA DK3QT UT WOS:000374833200004 PM 26709816 ER PT J AU Seelig, AD Jacobson, IG Donoho, CJ Trone, DW Crum-Cianflone, NF Balkin, TJ AF Seelig, Amber D. Jacobson, Isabel G. Donoho, Carrie J. Trone, Daniel W. Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Balkin, Thomas J. TI Sleep and Health Resilience Metrics in a Large Military Cohort SO SLEEP LA English DT Article DE cohort; military; resilience; sleep ID MILLENNIUM COHORT; US MILITARY; MENTAL-HEALTH; CARE UTILIZATION; RISK-FACTORS; PRIME-MD; DEPRIVATION; PREVALENCE; DEPLOYMENT; PERSONNEL AB Study Objectives: Examine the relationship between self-reported sleep parameters and indicators of resilience in a US military population (n = 55,021). Methods: Longitudinal analyses (2001-2008) were conducted using subjective data collected from Millennium Cohort Study questionnaires and objective data from military records that included demographics, military health, and deployment information. Subjective sleep duration and insomnia symptoms were collected on the study questionnaire. Resilience metrics included lost work days, self-rated health, deployment, frequency and duration of health care utilization, and early discharge from the military. Generalized estimating equations and survival analyses were adjusted for demographic, military, behavioral, and health covariates in all models. Results: The presence of insomnia symptoms was significantly associated with lower self-rated health, more lost work days, lower odds of deployment, higher odds of early discharge from military service early, and more health care utilization. Those self-reporting < 6 h (short sleepers) or > 8 h (long sleepers) of sleep per night had similar findings, except for the deployment outcome in which those with the shortest sleep were more likely to deploy. Conclusions: Poor sleep is a detriment to service members' health and readiness. Leadership should redouble efforts to emphasize the importance of healthy sleep among military service members, and future research should focus on the efficacy of interventions to promote healthy sleep and resilience in this population. C1 [Seelig, Amber D.; Jacobson, Isabel G.; Donoho, Carrie J.; Trone, Daniel W.; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Donoho, Carrie J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA USA. [Balkin, Thomas J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Behav Biol Branch, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Jacobson, IG (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM Isabel.G.Jacobson.ctr@mail.mil FU Military Operational Medicine Research Program of the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland; Bureau of Medicine and Surgery [60002] FX This was not an industry supported study. The Millennium Cohort Study is funded through the Military Operational Medicine Research Program of the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland, and the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, under Work Unit No. 60002. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of the Army, Department of Defense, Department of Veterans Affairs, or the US Government. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. US Government Work (17 USC 105). Not copyrighted in the US. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (Protocol NHRC. 2000.0007). The authors have indicated no financial conflicts of interest. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 EI 1550-9109 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 39 IS 5 BP 1111 EP 1120 AR PII sp-00323-15 DI 10.5665/sleep.5766 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA DK8PE UT WOS:000375188400019 PM 26951391 ER PT J AU Denning, PJ Denning, DE AF Denning, Peter J. Denning, Dorothy E. TI Cybersecurity Is Harder Than Building Bridges SO AMERICAN SCIENTIST LA English DT Article C1 [Denning, Peter J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Comp Sci, Monterey, CA USA. [Denning, Peter J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat, Monterey, CA USA. [Denning, Peter J.; Denning, Dorothy E.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dcf Anal, Monterey, CA USA. RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Comp Sci, Monterey, CA USA.; Denning, PJ (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat, Monterey, CA USA. EM pjd@nps.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SIGMA XI-SCI RES SOC PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 13975, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA SN 0003-0996 EI 1545-2786 J9 AM SCI JI Am. Scientist PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 104 IS 3 BP 154 EP 157 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DK2BQ UT WOS:000374720000012 ER PT J AU Mullins, WM Chong, D Gayle, FW Hyland, R Mcguffin-Cawley, J AF Mullins, William M. Chong, Dianne Gayle, Frank W. Hyland, Robert, Jr. Mcguffin-Cawley, James TI The First TMS Summit on Integrated Manufacturing and Materials Innovation: Overview and Highlights SO JOM LA English DT Article ID PROGRESS C1 [Mullins, William M.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. [Gayle, Frank W.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Hyland, Robert, Jr.] US Steel Corp, Munhall, PA USA. [Mcguffin-Cawley, James] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Gayle, FW (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM frank.gayle@nist.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 EI 1543-1851 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD MAY PY 2016 VL 68 IS 5 BP 1350 EP 1352 DI 10.1007/s11837-016-1885-2 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA DJ6VQ UT WOS:000374351700013 ER PT J AU Huggins, TM Haeger, A Biffinger, JC Ren, ZJ AF Huggins, Tyler M. Haeger, Alexander Biffinger, Justin C. Ren, Zhiyong Jason TI Granular biochar compared with activated carbon for wastewater treatment and resource recovery SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Activated carbon; Wastewater; Nutrient recovery; Sustainability ID MICROBIAL FUEL-CELLS; SOIL AB Granular wood-derived biochar (BC) was compared to granular activated carbon (GAC) for the treatment and nutrient recovery of real wastewater in both batch and column studies. Batch adsorption studies showed that BC material had a greater adsorption capacity at the high initial concentrations of total chemical oxygen demand (COD-T) (1200 mg L-1), PO4 (18 mg L-1), and NH4 (50 mg L-1) compared to GAC. Conversely the BC material showed a lower adsorption capacity for all concentrations of dissolved chemical oxygen demand (COD-D) and the lower concentrations, of PO4 (5 mg L-1) and NH4 (10 mg L-1). Packed bed column studies showed similar average COD-T removal rate for BC with 0.27 +/- 0.01 kg m(-3) d(-1) and GAC with 0.24 +/- 0.01 kg m(-3) d(-1), but BC had nearly twice the average removal rate (0.41 +/- 0.08 kg m(-3) d(-3)) compared to GAC during high COD-T concentrations (>500 mg L-1). Elemental analysis showed that both materials accumulated phosphorous during wastewater treatment (2.6 +/- 0.4 g kg(-1) and 1.9 +/- 0.1 g kg(-1) for BC and GAC respectively). They also contained high concentrations of other macronutrients (K, Ca, and Mg) and low concentrations of metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn, and Cu). The good performance of BC is attributed to its macroporous structure compared with the micro porous GAC. These favorable treatment data for high strength wastewater, coupled with additional life cycle benefits, helps support the use of BC in packed bed column filters for enhanced wastewater treatment and nutrient recovery. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Huggins, Tyler M.; Haeger, Alexander; Ren, Zhiyong Jason] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Biffinger, Justin C.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 6100, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ren, ZJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Biffinger, JC (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 6100, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Justin.biffinger@nrl.navy.mil; zhiyong.ren@colorado.edu OI Ren, Zhiyong/0000-0001-7606-0331 FU Maria Medeiros ONR through the University Laboratory Initiative [N00014-12-1-0293]; NURP FX The authors are grateful to Maria Medeiros ONR, (#N00014-12-1-0293) for financial support through the University Laboratory Initiative and NURP. The authors also thank David Rutherford (USGS) for the BET analysis. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 41 U2 88 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 94 BP 225 EP 232 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2016.02.059 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA DJ6ZE UT WOS:000374360900023 PM 26954576 ER PT J AU Jones, E Mathieson, K AF Jones, Eric Mathieson, Kathleen TI Radiation Safety among Workers in Health Services SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE operational topics; occupational safety; radiation protection; radiation; ionizing ID IONIZING-RADIATION; DOCTORS KNOWLEDGE; EXPOSURE; PROTECTION; AWARENESS; QUESTIONNAIRE AB The purpose of this study was to survey health service workers regarding their radiation safety knowledge and practice. Participants were health service workers (n = 721) who received an anonymous online survey by email to test their radiation safety knowledge. A knowledge test of 15 questions was completed by 412 respondents. The overall average percent correct was 77.9%. Health physicists/medical physicists had the highest average percent score (93.5%), while physician assistants scored the lowest (60.0%). Of all the respondents, only 64.0% reported they participated in periodic radiation safety training at their place of employment. The most common topic selected where participants wanted additional training was in biological effects of radiation (41.0%). In conclusion, radiation safety training and education needs to be developed and planned effectively. Areas or specialties with poor radiation safety knowledge need to be addressed with corresponding safety measures. C1 [Jones, Eric] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Mathieson, Kathleen] AT Still Univ, Mesa, AZ 85206 USA. RP Jones, E (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM ejones@usna.edu NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 110 IS 5 SU 2 BP S52 EP S58 DI 10.1097/HP.0000000000000485 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA DJ0UP UT WOS:000373920200002 PM 27023151 ER PT J AU Lorenz, KS Goodman, J Stantchev, G Pendergrass, NA AF Lorenz, Kevin S. Goodman, Joel Stantchev, George Pendergrass, Nixon A. TI Generalized Transmitter Compensation of Frequency Dependent I/Q Imbalance SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Radio transmitters; equalizers ID DIRECT-CONVERSION TRANSMITTERS; IQ-IMBALANCE; OFDM SYSTEMS; DIGITAL PREDISTORTION; JOINT COMPENSATION; PHASE NOISE; RECEIVERS; OFFSET; CALIBRATION; SCHEME AB This paper considers the formulation of a digital pre-distorter to eliminate distortions that are generated by a frequency-dependent imbalance between the analog in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) channels of a direct conversion transmitter. Estimation of the imbalance occurs in the frequency domain, while compensation occurs in the time domain. We demonstrate the efficacy of the approach by estimating and eliminating transmitter distortions whose digital-to-analog converters (DACs) and filters have differing impulse responses, as well as a phase and amplitude imbalance between the local oscillators (LOs). The estimator developed includes a separation of the linear and nonlinear transmitter response, facilitating the application of nonlinear pre-distortion without architectural restriction. Furthermore, the estimator not only compensates for I/Q imbalances, but fully characterizes the frequency response and identifies the source of the imbalance. An interesting outcome of the analysis is that it may not be possible with baseband processing to compensate for an imbalance that occurs after up-conversion but prior to I/Q summing. C1 [Lorenz, Kevin S.; Goodman, Joel; Stantchev, George; Pendergrass, Nixon A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lorenz, KS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kevin.lorenz@nrl.navy.mil OI Lorenz, Kevin/0000-0002-6060-5891 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR), Arlington, VA FX This work is sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (ONR), Arlington, VA. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the United States Government. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1053-587X EI 1941-0476 J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD MAY 1 PY 2016 VL 64 IS 9 BP 2220 EP 2231 DI 10.1109/TSP.2016.2516966 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DJ1FA UT WOS:000373947500003 ER PT J AU Smith, JW AF Smith, Jason W. TI Matthew Fontaine Maury: Pathfinder SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MARITIME HISTORY LA English DT Article DE cartography; marine environment; maritime history; Matthew Fontaine Maury; nautical charts; ocean science AB Historians have long recognized Matthew Fontaine Maury as an important if controversial figure in the histories of science and of maritime and naval affairs. These assessments, however, rest on scholarship that is by now more than a half-century old. It is therefore appropriate to look at Maury's significance from fresh perspectives, incorporating recent historiographical trends in the history of science and cartography, environmental history, cultural history and military history. This article focuses on the ways in which Maury's cartographic work reframed mariners' understanding of the marine environment away from what he perceived to be a watery wilderness towards an ordered environment safe and favourable to American commerce. Maury was long known as The Pathfinder of the Seas', but I argue that his significance, in fact, lies in the ways he and his staff at the Naval Observatory organized the sea as a common highway', tracing paths, but also imposing narratives and constructing new meanings. Maury's tool was the nautical chart and, particularly, his Wind and Current Charts series that by the 1850s reimagined the ways mariners, navigators and naval officers understood and harnessed the ocean environment. The article briefly considers these charts from three perspectives - method, process and representation - in order to see the ways in which Maury was pushing the boundaries of the cartographic medium to usher in revolutionary ways of envisioning the ocean environment. By quantifying winds, symbolizing whales and infusing the sea with ship tracks, among other things, Maury was imposing potent, if sometimes flawed, new ways of understanding and imagining the sea that were central to American maritime expansion in the antebellum era. In this and other ways, we can see Maury anew, a figure central to the growth of American commercial empire and to new ways of understanding and thinking about the sea. C1 [Smith, Jason W.] US Naval Acad, 121 Blake Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Smith, JW (reprint author), US Naval Acad, 121 Blake Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM jwsmith@usna.edu NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0843-8714 EI 2052-7756 J9 INT J MARIT HIST JI Int. J. Marit. Hist. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 28 IS 2 BP 411 EP 420 DI 10.1177/0843871416638000 PG 10 WC History SC History GA DJ1IC UT WOS:000373955500012 ER PT J AU McBride, WM AF McBride, William M. TI 21st Century Sims: Innovation, Education, and Leadership for the Modern Era SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MARITIME HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [McBride, William M.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP McBride, WM (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0843-8714 EI 2052-7756 J9 INT J MARIT HIST JI Int. J. Marit. Hist. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 28 IS 2 BP 424 EP 425 DI 10.1177/0843871416630274a PG 2 WC History SC History GA DJ1IC UT WOS:000373955500015 ER PT J AU Shan, H Lee, YT AF Shan, Hua Lee, Yu-Tai TI Numerical Modeling of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Actuation SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE dielectric barrier discharge; plasma; numerical model ID INDUCED FLUID-DYNAMICS; FLOW-CONTROL AB A computational method has been developed to couple the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) body forces induced by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) actuation with unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) model or large eddy simulation (LES) for incompressible flows. The EHD body force model is based on solving the electrostatic equations for electric potential and net charge density. The boundary condition for net charge density on the dielectric surface is obtained from a space-time lumped-element (STLE) circuit model or an empirical model. The DBD-URANS/LES coupled solver has been implemented using a multiple-domain approach and a multiple subcycle technique. The DBD plasma-induced flow in a quiescent environment is used to validate the coupled solver, evaluate different EHD body force models, and compare the performance of the actuator driven by voltage with various waveforms and amplitudes. C1 [Shan, Hua; Lee, Yu-Tai] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Shan, H (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM hua.shan@navy.mil FU Discovery and Invention Program of the Office of Naval Research FX The authors are indebted to Professors J. Little of the University of Arizona and T. C. Corke of the University of Notre Dame for their valuable discussions regarding their in-depth experimental experience in the DBD plasma physics. The work reported in this paper was sponsored by the Discovery and Invention Program of the Office of Naval Research administered at the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division under an In-house Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) Program. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 15 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0098-2202 EI 1528-901X J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD MAY PY 2016 VL 138 IS 5 AR 051104 DI 10.1115/1.4031880 PG 18 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DJ2NP UT WOS:000374041900004 ER PT J AU Harding, LW Gallegos, CL Perry, ES Miller, WD Adolf, JE Mallonee, ME Paerl, HW AF Harding, L. W., Jr. Gallegos, C. L. Perry, E. S. Miller, W. D. Adolf, J. E. Mallonee, M. E. Paerl, H. W. TI Long-Term Trends of Nutrients and Phytoplankton in Chesapeake Bay SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Estuaries; Chesapeake Bay; Long-term trends; Hydrology; Eutrophication; Water quality; Phytoplankton; Nutrients; Chlorophyll ID CONTIGUOUS UNITED-STATES; NORTH-CAROLINA; COASTAL EUTROPHICATION; SYNOPTIC CLIMATOLOGY; ESTUARINE ECOSYSTEM; PAMLICO SOUND; WATER-QUALITY; RIVER ESTUARY; BIOMASS; CHLOROPHYLL AB Climate effects on hydrology impart high variability to water-quality properties, including nutrient loadings, concentrations, and phytoplankton biomass as chlorophyll-a (chl-a), in estuarine and coastal ecosystems. Resolving long-term trends of these properties requires that we distinguish climate effects from secular changes reflecting anthropogenic eutrophication. Here, we test the hypothesis that strong climatic contrasts leading to irregular dry and wet periods contribute significantly to interannual variability of mean annual values of water-quality properties using in situ data for Chesapeake Bay. Climate effects are quantified using annual freshwater discharge from the Susquehanna River together with a synoptic climatology for the Chesapeake Bay region based on predominant sea-level pressure patterns. Time series of water-quality properties are analyzed using historical (1945-1983) and recent (1984-2012) data for the bay adjusted for climate effects on hydrology. Contemporary monitoring by the Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) provides data for a period since mid-1984 that is significantly impacted by anthropogenic eutrophication, while historical data back to 1945 serve as historical context for a period prior to severe impairments. The generalized additive model (GAM) and the generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) are developed for nutrient loadings and concentrations (total nitrogen-TN, nitrate + nitrate-NO2 + NO3) at the Susquehanna River and water-quality properties in the bay proper, including dissolved nutrients (NO2 + NO3, orthophosphate-PO4), chl-a, diffuse light attenuation coefficient (K (D) (PAR)), and chl-a/TN. Each statistical model consists of a sum of nonlinear functions to generate flow-adjusted time series and compute long-term trends accounting for climate effects on hydrology. We present results identifying successive periods of (1) eutrophication ca. 1945-1980 characterized by approximately doubled TN and NO2 + NO3 loadings, leading to increased chl-a and associated ecosystem impairments, and (2) modest decreases of TN and NO2 + NO3 loadings from 1981 to 2012, signaling a partial reversal of nutrient over-enrichment. Comparison of our findings with long-term trends of water-quality properties for a variety of estuarine and coastal ecosystems around the world reveals that trends for Chesapeake Bay are weaker than for other systems subject to strenuous management efforts, suggesting that more aggressive actions than those undertaken to date will be required to counter anthropogenic eutrophication of this valuable resource. C1 [Harding, L. W., Jr.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Gallegos, C. L.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Perry, E. S.] 2000 Kings Landing Rd, Huntingtown, MD 20639 USA. [Miller, W. D.] US Navy, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Adolf, J. E.] Univ Hawaii, Marine Sci Program, 200 W Kawili St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Mallonee, M. E.] US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Interstate Commiss Potomac River Basin, 410 Severn Ave, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [Paerl, H. W.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Marine Sci, 3431 Arendell St, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. RP Harding, LW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM lharding@atmos.ucla.edu OI Gallegos, Charles/0000-0001-5112-0166; Miller, W. David/0000-0002-4940-5987 FU NSF Biological Oceanography Program; NOAA Chesapeake Bay Program Office; North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources; ModMon and FerryMon Projects; Strategic Environmental Defense and Development Program (SERDP) of the Department of Defense FX Our thanks to Dr. Jim Hagy of the EPA Gulf Breeze Laboratory for providing data from his Ph.D. Dissertation and to Dr. Bob Hirsch and his colleagues at the US Geological Survey for providing data on nutrient concentrations and loadings from the Nontidal Monitoring Program. Rich Batiuk and Gary Shenk of the EPA Chesapeake Bay Program provided point-source nutrient estimates and helpful comments on the manuscript. Detailed comments and suggestions by two anonymous reviewers significantly improved the manuscript. LWH was supported by the NSF Biological Oceanography Program and the NOAA Chesapeake Bay Program Office. HWP was supported by the NSF Biological Oceanography Program, the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, ModMon and FerryMon Projects, and the Strategic Environmental Defense and Development Program (SERDP) of the Department of Defense. NR 72 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 19 U2 69 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD MAY PY 2016 VL 39 IS 3 BP 664 EP 681 DI 10.1007/s12237-015-0023-7 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DI2WS UT WOS:000373360500006 ER PT J AU Wansaula, Z Olsen, SJ Casal, MG Golenko, C Erhart, LM Kammerer, P Whitfield, N McCotter, OZ AF Wansaula, Zimy Olsen, Sonja J. Casal, Mariana G. Golenko, Catherine Erhart, Laura M. Kammerer, Peter Whitfield, Natalie McCotter, Orion Z. TI Surveillance for severe acute respiratory infections in Southern Arizona, 2010-2014 SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Arizona; influenza; respiratory tract diseases; surveillance ID INFLUENZA; VIRUSES; IDENTIFICATION; CHILDREN; STATES AB BackgroundThe Binational Border Infectious Disease Surveillance program began surveillance for severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) on the US-Mexico border in 2009. Here, we describe patients in Southern Arizona. MethodsPatients admitted to five acute care hospitals that met the SARI case definition (temperature 378 degrees C or reported fever or chills with history of cough, sore throat, or shortness of breath in a hospitalized person) were enrolled. Staff completed a standard form and collected a nasopharyngeal swab which was tested for selected respiratory viruses by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. ResultsFrom October 2010-September 2014, we enrolled 332 SARI patients. Fifty-two percent were male and 48% were white non-Hispanic. The median age was 63 years (47% 65 years and 52% <5 years). During hospitalization, 51 of 230 (22%) patients required intubation, 120 of 297 (40%) were admitted to intensive care unit, and 28 of 278 (10%) died. Influenza vaccination was 56%. Of 309 cases tested, 49 (16%) were positive for influenza viruses, 25 (81%) for human metapneumovirus, 20 (65%) for parainfluenza viruses, 16 (52%) for coronavirus, 11 (36%) for respiratory syncytial virus, 10 (32%) for rhinovirus, 4 (13%) for rhinovirus/enterovirus, 3 (10%) for enteroviruses, and 3 (10%) for adenovirus. Among the 49 influenza-positive specimens, 76% were influenza A (19 H3N2, 17 H1N1pdm09, and 1 not subtyped), and 24% were influenza B. ConclusionInfluenza viruses were a frequent cause of SARI in hospitalized patients in Southern Arizona. Monitoring respiratory illness in border populations will help better understand the etiologies. Improving influenza vaccination coverage may help prevent some SARI cases. C1 [Wansaula, Zimy; Casal, Mariana G.; McCotter, Orion Z.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Off Border Hlth, Tucson, AZ USA. [Olsen, Sonja J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Golenko, Catherine; Erhart, Laura M.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Off Infect Dis Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Kammerer, Peter] US Navy, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Whitfield, Natalie] Univ Arizona, Clin & Mol Microbiol, Tucson, AZ USA. [McCotter, Orion Z.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McCotter, OZ (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-09, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM yim4@cdc.gov OI Whitfield, Natalie/0000-0001-9937-9687 FU Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity for Infectious Diseases from U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [3U50CK0004]; Arizona Department of Health Services FX This surveillance was supported by the Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity for Infectious Diseases cooperative agreement (Grant number: 3U50CK0004) from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We would like to thank the staff of St Mary's hospital especially Daniel Lewis, Shannon Mabalot, and Ami Bera; the staff of St Joseph Hospital especially Cynthia Kartchner, and Monica Fontes; the staff of Sells Hospital especially Guadalupe Camarena and Mary Bell. We are thankful to BIDS program at CDC Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, US-Mexico Unit: Dr Steve Waterman, Alba Phippard, Clelia Pezzi, and Sonia Montiel. We also gratefully acknowledge the support of the Arizona Department of Health Services especially Ken Komatsu, Shane Brady, Kristen Herrick, and Robert Guerrero. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAY PY 2016 VL 10 IS 3 BP 161 EP 169 DI 10.1111/irv.12360 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DI4SZ UT WOS:000373490900003 PM 26590069 ER PT J AU Kammerer, PE Radin, JM Hawksworth, AW Myers, CA Brice, GT AF Kammerer, Peter E. Radin, Jennifer M. Hawksworth, Anthony W. Myers, Chris A. Brice, Gary T. TI Performance of the Quidel Sofia rapid influenza diagnostic test during the 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 influenza seasons SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Influenza; rapid influenza diagnostic test; US-Mexico border ID A H1N1 VIRUS; FLUORESCENT IMMUNOASSAY; B VIRUSES; PLUS B; METAANALYSIS; SENSITIVITY; ANALYZER AB The Quidel Sofia Influenza A+B Fluorescent Immunoassay was used to test nasal swab specimens from patients with influenza-like illness at US-Mexico border-area clinics in the 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 influenza seasons. Compared with real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, the overall sensitivities and specificities were 83% and 81%, and 62% and 93%, respectively. C1 [Kammerer, Peter E.; Radin, Jennifer M.; Hawksworth, Anthony W.; Myers, Chris A.; Brice, Gary T.] US Navy, Hlth Res Ctr, Operat Infect Dis Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Kammerer, PE; Hawksworth, AW (reprint author), US Navy, Hlth Res Ctr, Operat Infect Dis Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM peter.e.kammerer.ctr@mail.mil; anthony.w.hawksworth.ctr@mail.mil FU Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center; Field Forward Diagnostics program of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency; Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity for Infectious Diseases from US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U50CK000410] FX Funding was provided in part by the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, the Field Forward Diagnostics program of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, and the Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity for Infectious Diseases Cooperative Agreement (1U50CK000410) from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAY PY 2016 VL 10 IS 3 BP 220 EP 223 DI 10.1111/irv.12380 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DI4SZ UT WOS:000373490900010 PM 26920652 ER PT J AU Wagner, DK AF Wagner, Donald K. TI A circuit characterization of graphic matroids SO JOURNAL OF COMBINATORIAL THEORY SERIES B LA English DT Article DE Binary matroids; Graphic matroids AB It is shown that a binary matroid is graphic if and only if it does not contain four circuits that interact is a particular way. This result generalizes a theorem of Little and Sanjith for planar graphs. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Wagner, Donald K.] Off Naval Res, Math Comp & Informat Sci Div, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Wagner, DK (reprint author), Off Naval Res, Math Comp & Informat Sci Div, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. EM don.wagner@navy.mil NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0095-8956 EI 1096-0902 J9 J COMB THEORY B JI J. Comb. Theory Ser. B PD MAY PY 2016 VL 118 BP 284 EP 290 DI 10.1016/j.jctb.2015.12.011 PG 7 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA DH4OE UT WOS:000372764500012 ER PT J AU Johnson, BJ Liu, R Neblett, RC Malanoski, AP Xu, M Erickson, JS Zang, L Stenger, DA Moore, MH AF Johnson, Brandy J. Liu, Ray Neblett, Robert C., II Malanoski, Anthony P. Xu, Miao Erickson, Jeffrey S. Zang, Ling Stenger, David A. Moore, Martin H. TI Reflectance-based detection of oxidizers in ambient air SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE Peroxide; Reflectance; Portable sensor; Vapor detection; Paper-based ID HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION; TITANIUM(IV); REAGENT AB This study used two types of paper supported materials with a prototype, reflectance-based detector for indication of hydrogen peroxide vapor under ambient laboratory conditions. Titanyl based indicators provide detection through reaction of the indicator resulting in a dosimeter type sensor, while porphyrin based indicators provide a reversible interaction more suitable to continuous monitoring applications. These indicators provide the basis for discussion of characteristics important to design of a sensor system including the application environment and duration, desired reporting frequency, and target specificity. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Johnson, Brandy J.; Malanoski, Anthony P.; Erickson, Jeffrey S.; Stenger, David A.; Moore, Martin H.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Liu, Ray] Thomas Jefferson High Sch Sci & Technol, Alexandria, VA 22312 USA. [Neblett, Robert C., II] Howard Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Xu, Miao; Zang, Ling] Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. RP Johnson, BJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bidndy.white@nri.navy.mil RI Erickson, Jeffrey/F-6273-2011; Johnson, Brandy/B-3462-2008; Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011 OI Johnson, Brandy/0000-0002-3637-0631; Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory [69-6594]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX This research was sponsored by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (WU# 69-6594). R. Neblett was supported through an Office of Naval Research (ONR) sponsored summer research internship. Participation of R. Liu was through the US Navy Science and Engineering Apprenticeship Program (SEAP). The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not represent those of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD MAY PY 2016 VL 227 BP 399 EP 402 DI 10.1016/j.snb.2015.12.040 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA DD5EA UT WOS:000369944200051 ER PT J AU Margulies, S Morton, J AF Margulies, S. Morton, J. TI Polynomial-time solvable #CSP problems via algebraic models and Pfaffian circuits SO JOURNAL OF SYMBOLIC COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Dichotomy theorems; Grobner bases; Computer algebra; #CSP; Polynomial ideals ID CONSTRAINT SATISFACTION PROBLEM; HOLOGRAPHIC ALGORITHMS; COMPLEXITY; DICHOTOMY; THEOREM AB A Pfaffian circuit is a tensor contraction network where the edges are labeled with basis changes in such a way that a very specific set of combinatorial properties is satisfied. By modeling the permissible basis changes as systems of polynomial equations, and then solving via computation, we are able to identify classes of 0/1 planar #CSP problems solvable in polynomial time via the Pfaffian circuit evaluation theorem (a variant of L Valiant's Holant Theorem). We present two different models of 0/1 variables, one that is possible under a homogeneous basis change, and one that is possible under a heterogeneous basis change only. We enumerate a collection of 1, 2, 3, and 4-arity gates/cogates that represent constraints, and define a class of constraints that is possible under the assumption of a "bridge" between two particular basis changes. We discuss the issue of planarity of Pfaffian circuits, and demonstrate possible directions in algebraic computation for designing a Pfaffian tensor contraction network fragment that can simulate a SWAP gate/cogate. We conclude by developing the notion of a decomposable gate/cogate, and discuss the computational benefits of this definition. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Margulies, S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Morton, J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Math, State Coll, PA USA. RP Margulies, S (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM margulie@usna.edu; morton@math.psu.edu FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency [N66001-10-1-4040] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under Award No. N66001-10-1-4040. We would also like to thank Tyson Williams and William Whistler for helpful comments. Finally, very special thanks to our anonymous reviewer. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0747-7171 J9 J SYMB COMPUT JI J. Symb. Comput. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 74 BP 152 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.jsc.2015.06.008 PG 29 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA CZ0KQ UT WOS:000366794100009 ER PT J AU Spinner, NS Hinnant, KM Mazurick, R Brandon, A Rose-Pehrsson, SL Tuttle, SG AF Spinner, Neil S. Hinnant, Katherine M. Mazurick, Ryan Brandon, Andrew Rose-Pehrsson, Susan L. Tuttle, Steven G. TI Novel 18650 lithium-ion battery surrogate cell design with anisotropic thermophysical properties for studying failure events SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Lithium-ion batteries; Surrogate cells; Thermophysical properties; Anisotropy; Thermal runaway ID LI-ION; IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; THERMAL-PROPERTIES; ABUSE; OVERCHARGE; FIRE; MICA AB Cylindrical 18650-type surrogate cells were designed and fabricated to mimic the thermophysical properties and behavior of active lithium-ion batteries. An internal jelly roll geometry consisting of alternating stainless steel and mica layers was created, and numerous techniques were used to estimate thermophysical properties. Surrogate cell density was measured to be 1593 30 kg/m(3), and heat capacity was found to be 727 +/- 18 J/kg-K. Axial thermal conductivity was determined to be 5.1 +/- 0.6 W/m-K, which was over an order of magnitude higher than radial thermal conductivity due to jelly roll anisotropy. Radial heating experiments were combined with numerical and analytical solutions to the time-dependent, radial heat conduction equation, and from the numerical method an additional estimate for heat capacity of 805 +/- 23 J/kg-K was found. Using both heat capacities and analysis techniques, values for radial thermal conductivity were between 0.120 and 0.197 W/m-K. Under normal operating conditions, relatively low radial temperature distributions were observed; however, during extreme battery failure with a hexagonal cell package, instantaneous radial temperature distributions as high as 43-71 degrees C were seen. For a vertical cell package, even during adjacent cell failure, similar homogeneity in internal temperatures were observed, demonstrating thermal anisotropy. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Spinner, Neil S.; Hinnant, Katherine M.; Mazurick, Ryan; Brandon, Andrew; Rose-Pehrsson, Susan L.; Tuttle, Steven G.] US Naval Res Lab, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Spinner, Neil S.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, 500 Fifth St,NW, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Hinnant, Katherine M.] Nova Res Inc, 1900 Elkin St,Suite 230, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Mazurick, Ryan] Off Naval Res, Naval Res Enterprise Internship Program, 875 N Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. [Brandon, Andrew] Lycoming Coll, Dept Math Sci, Williamsport, PA 17701 USA. RP Tuttle, SG (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM steven.tuttle@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [40001414WX20004] FX The authors would like to thank the Office of Naval Research (award number 40001414WX20004) for financial support of this work. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 75 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD APR 30 PY 2016 VL 312 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.01.107 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA DI5LX UT WOS:000373541700001 ER PT J AU Hajieghrary, H Hsieh, MA Schwartz, IB AF Hajieghrary, Hadi Hsieh, M. Ani Schwartz, Ira B. TI Multi-agent search for source localization in a turbulent medium SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE Multi-agent systems; Information theory; Distributed control ID AUTONOMOUS UNDERWATER VEHICLE; ROBOT; MOTH; ALGORITHMS; LOCATION; INSECTS; PLUMES; SYSTEM; ODOR AB We extend the gradient-less search strategy referred to as "infotaxis" to a distributed multi-agent system. "Infotaxis" is a search strategy that uses sporadic sensor measurements to determine the source location of materials dispersed in a turbulent medium. In this work, we leverage the spatio-temporal sensing capabilities of a mobile sensing agents to optimize the time spent finding and localizing the position of the source using a multi-agent collaborative search strategy. Our results suggest that the proposed multi agent collaborative search strategy leverages the team's ability to obtain simultaneous measurements at different locations to speed up the search process. We present a multi-agent collaborative "infotaxis" strategy that uses the relative entropy of the system to synthesize a suitable search strategy for the team. The result is a collaborative information theoretic search strategy that results in control actions that maximize the information gained by the team, and improves estimates of the source position. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hajieghrary, Hadi; Hsieh, M. Ani] Drexel Univ, Mech Engn & Mech, Scalable Autonomous Syst Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Schwartz, Ira B.] US Naval Res Lab, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Div Plasma Phys, Code 6792, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hajieghrary, H (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Mech Engn & Mech, Scalable Autonomous Syst Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM Hadi.Hajieghrary@Drexel.edu OI Schwartz, Ira/0000-0001-5999-2524 FU ONR [N000141211019, N0001414WX20610]; Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative [SA 15-15]; NRL [N0001414WX00023] FX HH and MAH were supported by ONR N000141211019 and Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative via Consortium for Ocean Leadership, Inc. Award No. SA 15-15. IBS was supported by ONR grant N0001414WX20610 and NRL based funding N0001414WX00023. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 EI 1873-2429 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD APR 29 PY 2016 VL 380 IS 20 BP 1698 EP 1705 DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2016.03.013 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DK0KH UT WOS:000374601200004 ER PT J AU Chervin, CN Parker, JF Nelson, ES Rolison, DR Long, JW AF Chervin, Christopher N. Parker, Joseph F. Nelson, Eric S. Rolison, Debra R. Long, Jeffrey W. TI CAD/CAM-designed 3D-printed electroanalytical cell for the evaluation of nanostructured gas-diffusion electrodes SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CAD; 3D printing; metal-air battery; oxygen reduction; oxygen evolution; water oxidation; gas-diffusion electrode ID OXYGEN EVOLUTION REACTION; ALKALINE FUEL-CELLS; AIR ELECTRODES; REDUCTION; BATTERIES; ELECTROCATALYSTS; CATALYSTS; CATHODE; PERFORMANCE; MEDIA AB The ability to effectively screen and validate gas-diffusion electrodes is critical to the development of next-generation metal-air batteries and regenerative fuel cells. The limiting electrode in a classic two-terminal device such as a battery or fuel cell is difficult to discern without an internal reference electrode, but the flooded electrolyte characteristic of three-electrode electroanalytical cells negates the prime function of an air electrode-a void volume freely accessible to gases. The nanostructured catalysts that drive the energy-conversion reactions (e.g., oxygen reduction and evolution in the air electrode of metal-air batteries) are best evaluated in the electrode structure as-used in the practical device. We have designed, 3D-printed, and characterized an air-breathing, thermodynamically referenced electroanalytical cell that allows us to mimic the Janus arrangement of the gas-diffusion electrode in a metal-air cell: one face freely exposed to gases, the other wetted by electrolyte. C1 [Chervin, Christopher N.; Parker, Joseph F.; Nelson, Eric S.; Rolison, Debra R.; Long, Jeffrey W.] US Naval Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch Code 6170, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chervin, CN (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch Code 6170, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM christopher.chervin@nrl.navy.mil FU US Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the US Office of Naval Research. ESN was a Pathways undergraduate science aide at the NRL. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 24 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 EI 1361-6528 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD APR 29 PY 2016 VL 27 IS 17 AR 174002 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/27/17/174002 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DH5AO UT WOS:000372797400003 PM 26987282 ER PT J AU Packwood, D Kermode, J Mones, L Bernstein, N Woolley, J Gould, N Ortner, C Csanyi, G AF Packwood, David Kermode, James Mones, Letif Bernstein, Noam Woolley, John Gould, Nicholas Ortner, Christoph Csanyi, Gabor TI A universal preconditioner for simulating condensed phase materials SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CRYSTALS AB We introduce a universal sparse preconditioner that accelerates geometry optimisation and saddle point search tasks that are common in the atomic scale simulation of materials. Our preconditioner is based on the neighbourhood structure and we demonstrate the gain in computational efficiency in a wide range of materials that include metals, insulators, and molecular solids. The simple structure of the preconditioner means that the gains can be realised in practice not only when using expensive electronic structure models but also for fast empirical potentials. Even for relatively small systems of a few hundred atoms, we observe speedups of a factor of two or more, and the gain grows with system size. An open source Python implementation within the Atomic Simulation Environment is available, offering interfaces to a wide range of atomistic codes. (C) 2016 Author(s). C1 [Packwood, David; Mones, Letif; Ortner, Christoph] Univ Warwick, Math Inst, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Kermode, James] Univ Warwick, Sch Engn, Warwick Ctr Predict Modelling, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Mones, Letif; Csanyi, Gabor] Univ Cambridge, Engn Lab, Trumpington St, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England. [Bernstein, Noam] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Mat Phys & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Woolley, John] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Gould, Nicholas] STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab Chilton, Dept Comp Sci, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP Ortner, C (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Math Inst, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.; Kermode, J (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Sch Engn, Warwick Ctr Predict Modelling, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.; Csanyi, G (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Engn Lab, Trumpington St, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England. EM j.r.kermode@warwick.ac.uk; c.ortner@warwick.ac.uk; gc121@cam.ac.uk OI Gould, Nicholas/0000-0002-1031-1588 FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/J022055/1, EP/L014742/1, EP/L027682/1, EP/J010847/1, EP/J021377/1]; Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's basic research program; ERC [335120] FX This work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) under Grant Nos. EP/J022055/1, EP/L014742/1, EP/L027682/1, EP/J010847/1, and EP/J021377/1. An award of computer time was provided by the Innovative and Novel Computational Impact on Theory and Experiment (INCITE) program. This research used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Additional computing facilities were provided by the Centre for Scientific Computing of the University of Warwick with support from the Science Research Investment Fund. The work of N.B. was supported by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's basic research program. The work of C.O. and L.M. was also supported by ERC Starting Grant 335120. We thank C. S. Hellberg and M. D. Johannes for the LaAlO3 and.-Al2O3 atomic configurations. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD APR 28 PY 2016 VL 144 IS 16 AR 164109 DI 10.1063/1.4947024 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DL6YK UT WOS:000375785800016 PM 27131533 ER PT J AU Bela, MM Barth, MC Toon, OB Fried, A Homeyer, CR Morrison, H Cummings, KA Li, YY Pickering, KE Allen, DJ Yang, Q Wennberg, PO Crounse, JD St Clair, JM Teng, AP O'Sullivan, D Huey, LG Chen, DX Liu, XX Blake, DR Blake, NJ Apel, EC Hornbrook, RS Flocke, F Campos, T Diskin, G AF Bela, Megan M. Barth, Mary C. Toon, Owen B. Fried, Alan Homeyer, Cameron R. Morrison, Hugh Cummings, Kristin A. Li, Yunyao Pickering, Kenneth E. Allen, Dale J. Yang, Qing Wennberg, Paul O. Crounse, John D. St Clair, Jason M. Teng, Alex P. O'Sullivan, Daniel Huey, L. Gregory Chen, Dexian Liu, Xiaoxi Blake, Donald R. Blake, Nicola J. Apel, Eric C. Hornbrook, Rebecca S. Flocke, Frank Campos, Teresa Diskin, Glenn TI Wet scavenging of soluble gases in DC3 deep convective storms using WRF-Chem simulations and aircraft observations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; UPPER TROPOSPHERE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; TRACE GASES; RADAR OBSERVATIONS; MODEL PERFORMANCE; MOIST CONVECTION; CENTRAL VIRGINIA; HIGH-SENSITIVITY; SULFUR-DIOXIDE AB We examine wet scavenging of soluble trace gases in storms observed during the Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) field campaign. We conduct high-resolution simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) of a severe storm in Oklahoma. The model represents well the storm location, size, and structure as compared with Next Generation Weather Radar reflectivity, and simulated CO transport is consistent with aircraft observations. Scavenging efficiencies (SEs) between inflow and outflow of soluble species are calculated from aircraft measurements and model simulations. Using a simple wet scavenging scheme, we simulate the SE of each soluble species within the error bars of the observations. The simulated SEs of all species except nitric acid (HNO3) are highly sensitive to the values specified for the fractions retained in ice when cloud water freezes. To reproduce the observations, we must assume zero ice retention for formaldehyde (CH2O) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and complete retention for methyl hydrogen peroxide (CH3OOH) and sulfur dioxide (SO2), likely to compensate for the lack of aqueous chemistry in the model. We then compare scavenging efficiencies among storms that formed in Alabama and northeast Colorado and the Oklahoma storm. Significant differences in SEs are seen among storms and species. More scavenging of HNO3 and less removal of CH3OOH are seen in storms with higher maximum flash rates, an indication of more graupel mass. Graupel is associated with mixed-phase scavenging and lightning production of nitrogen oxides (NOx), processes that may explain the observed differences in HNO3 and CH3OOH scavenging. C1 [Bela, Megan M.; Toon, Owen B.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Bela, Megan M.; Toon, Owen B.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Barth, Mary C.; Morrison, Hugh; Apel, Eric C.; Hornbrook, Rebecca S.; Flocke, Frank; Campos, Teresa] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Fried, Alan] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Homeyer, Cameron R.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Cummings, Kristin A.; Li, Yunyao; Pickering, Kenneth E.; Allen, Dale J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Pickering, Kenneth E.; St Clair, Jason M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Yang, Qing] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Wennberg, Paul O.; Crounse, John D.; St Clair, Jason M.; Teng, Alex P.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Wennberg, Paul O.] CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [St Clair, Jason M.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [O'Sullivan, Daniel] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Huey, L. Gregory; Chen, Dexian; Liu, Xiaoxi] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Blake, Donald R.; Blake, Nicola J.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Diskin, Glenn] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. RP Bela, MM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Bela, MM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM megan.bela@colorado.edu RI Pickering, Kenneth/E-6274-2012; Homeyer, Cameron/D-5034-2013; Allen, Dale/F-7168-2010; Crounse, John/C-3700-2014 OI Homeyer, Cameron/0000-0002-4883-6670; Allen, Dale/0000-0003-3305-9669; Crounse, John/0000-0001-5443-729X FU National Science Foundation; NSF [AGS-1261559, AGS-1522910, 1063479, 1522551, ATM1063467]; NASA [ACCDAMNNX14AR56G, NNX12AMO8G, NNX12AC06G, NNX14AP46G-ACCDAM, NNX12AB77G, NNX12AB76G]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy as part of the Atmospheric System Research Program (ASR) FX We express our appreciation to the following researchers for the aircraft observations: T. Ryerson and the NOAA NOyO3 team; Andrew Weinheimer; Mark Zondlo, Josh DiGangi, and Anthony O'Brien for the VCSEL hygrometer water vapor measurements on the GV; and P. Lawson and S. Woods from SPEC Inc. We also thank A. Weinheimer and M. Zondlo for their helpful feedback on this manuscript. M. M. Bela and O.B. Toon were supported by NASA ACCDAMNNX14AR56G. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. A. Fried was supported by NSF and NASA under grants AGS-1261559 and NNX12AMO8G, respectively. C. Homeyer was funded by NSF grant AGS-1522910. The University of Maryland co-authors were supported under NSF grants 1063479 and 1522551. Q. Yang was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy as part of the Atmospheric System Research Program (ASR). P.O. Wennberg, J.D. Crounse, A. P. Teng, and J.M. St. Clair thank NASA for supporting their contribution to this study (NNX12AC06G and NNX14AP46G-ACCDAM). D. O'Sullivan thanks NSF for support from grant ATM1063467. L.G. Huey, D. Chen, and X. Liu were funded by NASA grant NNX12AB77G. DC3 measurements by N. Blake and D. Blake were supported by NASA award NNX12AB76G. We would like to thank Earth Networks for providing the ENTLN lightning data for research purposes. The data used in this study can be downloaded from the following websites: 1 s data merges from the NASA Langley DC3 Merged Aircraft Dataset Archive (http://www-air.larc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/ArcView/dc3); NEXRAD data for individual radars from the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC; http://has.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/plhas/has.dsselect); NSSL-MGAUS sounding data (http://data.eol.ucar.edu/codiac/dss/id=353.105); NCEP Stage IV precipitation analysis (http://www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/mmb/ylin/pcpanl/stage4/); and NAM-ANL (http://nomads.ncdc.noaa.gov/data/namanl/). The WRF-Chem code and land surface data are available for download from NCAR/MMM (http://www.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/download/get_sources_wps_geog.html). WRF-Chem model output is available upon request to M. M. Bela (megan.bela@colorado.edu). NR 104 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD APR 27 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 8 BP 4233 EP 4257 DI 10.1002/2015JD024623 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DP2KU UT WOS:000378318100030 ER PT J AU Field, RD Luo, M Fromm, M Voulgarakis, A Mangeon, S Worden, J AF Field, Robert D. Luo, Ming Fromm, Mike Voulgarakis, Apostolos Mangeon, Stephane Worden, John TI Simulating the Black Saturday 2009 smoke plume with an interactive composition-climate model: Sensitivity to emissions amount, timing, and injection height SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS; TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; AUSTRALIAN VEGETATION FIRES; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; ACCURATE SIMULATION; CHEMICAL-MODELS; TRACE GASES; AEROSOLS; IMPACT; FUTURE AB We simulated the high-altitude smoke plume from the early February 2009 Black Saturday bushfires in southeastern Australia using the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE2. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first single-plume analysis of biomass burning emissions injected directly into the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) using a full-complexity composition-climate model. We compared simulated carbon monoxide (CO) to a new Aura Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer/Microwave Limb Sounder joint CO retrieval, focusing on the plume's initial transport eastward, anticyclonic circulation to the north of New Zealand, westward transport in the lower stratospheric easterlies, and arrival over Africa at the end of February. Our goal was to determine the sensitivity of the simulated plume to prescribed injection height, emissions amount, and emissions timing from different sources for a full-complexity model when compared to Aura. The most realistic plumes were obtained using injection heights in the UTLS, including one drawn from ground-based radar data. A 6 h emissions pulse or emissions tied to independent estimates of hourly fire behavior produced a more realistic plume in the lower stratosphere compared to the same emissions amount being released evenly over 12 or 24 h. Simulated CO in the plume was highly sensitive to the differences between emissions amounts estimated from the Global Fire Emissions Database and from detailed, ground-based estimates of fire growth. The emissions amount determined not only the CO concentration of the plume but also the proportion of the plume that entered the stratosphere. We speculate that this is due to either or both nonlinear CO loss with a weakened OH sink or plume self-lofting driven by shortwave absorption of the coemitted aerosols. C1 [Field, Robert D.] NASA Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY USA. [Field, Robert D.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY USA. [Luo, Ming; Worden, John] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Fromm, Mike] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Voulgarakis, Apostolos; Mangeon, Stephane] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London, England. RP Field, RD (reprint author), NASA Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY USA.; Field, RD (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY USA. EM robert.field@columbia.edu FU NASA ROSES Atmospheric Modeling and Analysis Program [NNX13AK46G]; Natural Environment Research Council; UK Met Office; NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) at Goddard Space Flight Center; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology FX Laverton and Yarrowonga Radar data were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. We thank Nicholas Gellie for the use of his unpublished area burned estimates for the Black Saturday fires. R.D.F. and M.F. were supported by NASA ROSES Atmospheric Modeling and Analysis Program grant NNX13AK46G. A.V. and S.M. were supported by the Natural Environment Research Council and the UK Met Office. Research was partially supported by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under contract to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) at Goddard Space Flight Center. All data in the study can be obtained by contacting the lead author. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD APR 27 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 8 BP 4296 EP 4316 DI 10.1002/2015JD024343 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DP2KU UT WOS:000378318100033 ER PT J AU Alves, NJ Turner, KB Medintz, IL Walper, SA AF Alves, Nathan J. Turner, Kendrick B. Medintz, Igor L. Walper, Scott A. TI Protecting enzymatic function through directed packaging into bacterial outer membrane vesicles SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PEPTIDE TAG; PROTEINS; PHOSPHOTRIESTERASE; OMPA; BIOGENESIS; DELIVERY; ASSOCIATION; LIPOSOME; DOMAIN AB Bacteria possess innate machinery to transport extracellular cargo between cells as well as package virulence factors to infect host cells by secreting outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that contain small molecules, proteins, and genetic material. These robust proteoliposomes have evolved naturally to be resistant to degradation and provide a supportive environment to extend the activity of encapsulated cargo. In this study, we sought to exploit bacterial OMV formation to package and maintain the activity of an enzyme, phosphotriesterase (PTE), under challenging storage conditions encountered for real world applications. Here we show that OMV packaged PTE maintains activity over free PTE when subjected to elevated temperatures (>100-fold more activity after 14 days at 37 degrees C), iterative freeze-thaw cycles (3.4-fold post four-cycles), and lyophilization (43-fold). We also demonstrate how lyophilized OMV packaged PTE can be utilized as a cell free reagent for long term environmental remediation of pesticide/chemical warfare contaminated areas. C1 [Alves, Nathan J.] CNR, 500 Fifth St NW Keck 576, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Turner, Kendrick B.; Medintz, Igor L.; Walper, Scott A.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Walper, SA (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Scott.Walper@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This research was funded by the Office of Naval Research through Core funds provided to the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 14 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD APR 27 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 24866 DI 10.1038/srep24866 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DK4RA UT WOS:000374905400001 PM 27117743 ER PT J AU Timmerwilke, J Liou, SH Cheng, SF Edelstein, AS AF Timmerwilke, John Liou, Sy-Hwang Cheng, Shu Fan Edelstein, Alan S. TI Rewriting magnetic phase change memory by laser heating SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE memory; phase change; magnetic ID THIN-FILMS; CRYSTALLIZATION AB Magnetic phase change memory (MAG PCM) consists of bits with different magnetic permeability values. The bits are read by measuring their effect on a magnetic probe field. Previously low permeability crystalline bits had been written in high permeability amorphous films of Metglas via laser heating. Here data is presented showing that by applying short laser pulses with the appropriate power to previously crystallized regions they can first be vitrified and then again crystallized. Thus, MAG PCM is rewriteable. Technical issues in processing the bits are discussed and results on thermal modeling are presented. C1 [Timmerwilke, John; Edelstein, Alan S.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Liou, Sy-Hwang] Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Cheng, Shu Fan] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Timmerwilke, J (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 EI 1361-6463 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD APR 27 PY 2016 VL 49 IS 16 AR 165005 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/49/16/165005 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DI6PV UT WOS:000373622900006 ER PT J AU Kioseoglou, G Hanbicki, AT Currie, M Friedman, AL Jonker, BT AF Kioseoglou, G. Hanbicki, A. T. Currie, M. Friedman, A. L. Jonker, B. T. TI Optical polarization and intervalley scattering in single layers of MoS2 and MoSe2 SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; MONOLAYER MOS2; VALLEY POLARIZATION; CHARGED EXCITONS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SEMICONDUCTORS; LIFETIMES; WSE2 AB Single layers of MoS2 and MoSe2 were optically pumped with circularly polarized light and an appreciable polarization was initialized as the pump energy was varied. The circular polarization of the emitted photoluminescence was monitored as a function of the difference between the excitation energy and the A-exciton emission at the K-point of the Brillouin zone. Our results show a threshold of twice the LA phonon energy, specific to the material, above which phonon-assisted intervalley scattering causes depolarization. In both materials this leads to almost complete depolarization within similar to 100 meV above the threshold energy. We identify the extra kinetic energy of the exciton (independent of whether it is neutral or charged) as the key parameter for presenting a unifying picture of the depolarization process. C1 [Kioseoglou, G.] Univ Crete, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Iraklion 71003, Greece. [Kioseoglou, G.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas FORTH, IESL, Iraklion 71110, Greece. [Hanbicki, A. T.; Friedman, A. L.; Jonker, B. T.] Naval Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Currie, M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kioseoglou, G (reprint author), Univ Crete, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Iraklion 71003, Greece.; Kioseoglou, G (reprint author), Fdn Res & Technol Hellas FORTH, IESL, Iraklion 71110, Greece.; Hanbicki, AT (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gnk@materials.uoc.gr; hanbicki@nrl.navy.mil RI Friedman, Adam/D-9610-2011 OI Friedman, Adam/0000-0003-0597-5432 FU core program at NRL; core program at NRL Nanoscience Institute; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [F4GGA24233G001] FX We would like to thank Jim Culbertson for assistance with Raman measurements. G. K. gratefully acknowledges the hospitality and support of the Naval Research Laboratory where the experiments were performed. This work was supported by core programs at NRL and the NRL Nanoscience Institute, and by Air Force Office of Scientific Research under contract number F4GGA24233G001. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 13 U2 50 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD APR 26 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 25041 DI 10.1038/srep25041 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DK3BH UT WOS:000374789500001 PM 27112195 ER PT J AU Tang, YX He, CL Mitchell, LA Parrish, DA Shreeve, JM AF Tang, Yongxing He, Chunlin Mitchell, Lauren A. Parrish, Damon A. Shreeve, Jean'ne M. TI Potassium 4,4 '-Bis(dinitromethyl)-3,3 '-azofurazanate: A Highly Energetic 3D Metal-Organic Framework as a Promising Primary Explosive SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE detonation properties; energetic materials; metal-organic frameworks; primary explosives; X-ray diffraction ID HIGH-INITIATION-POWER; DENSITY MATERIAL; DETONATION; THERMOSTABILITY; INSENSITIVITY; PERFORMANCE AB Environmentally acceptable alternatives to toxic lead-based primary explosives are becoming increasingly important for energetic materials. In this study, potassium 4,4'-bis(dinitromethyl)-3,3'-azofurazanate, comprising two dinitromethyl groups and an azofurazan moiety, was synthesized and isolated as a new energetic 3D metal-organic framework (MOF). Several attractive properties, including a density of 2.039gcm(-3), a decomposition temperature of 229 degrees C, a detonation velocity of 8138ms(-1), a detonation pressure of 30.1GPa, an impact sensitivity of 2J, and friction sensitivity of 20N make 4 a good candidate as a green primary explosive. C1 [Tang, Yongxing; He, Chunlin; Shreeve, Jean'ne M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Mitchell, Lauren A.; Parrish, Damon A.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shreeve, JM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jshreeve@uidaho.edu OI Mitchell, Lauren/0000-0002-1311-0108 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-12-1-0536]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA 1-11-1-0034] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (N00014-12-1-0536) and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (HDTRA 1-11-1-0034). NR 30 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 21 U2 61 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 EI 1521-3773 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PD APR 25 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 18 BP 5565 EP 5567 DI 10.1002/anie.201601432 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DK7NS UT WOS:000375113300029 PM 27008350 ER PT J AU Rodina, AV Efros, AL AF Rodina, Anna V. Efros, Alexander L. TI Radiative recombination from dark excitons in nanocrystals: Activation mechanisms and polarization properties SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CDSE QUANTUM DOTS; BAND-EDGE EXCITON; FINE-STRUCTURE; EXCHANGE INTERACTION; SIZE DEPENDENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; MICROCRYSTALS; ENHANCEMENT; ORIENTATION; CONFINEMENT AB We analyze theoretically physical mechanisms responsible for the radiative recombination of the ground optically passive ("dark") exciton (DE), which dominates in photoluminescence (PL) of colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) at low temperatures. The DE becomes optically active due to its mixing with the bright excitons caused by an external magnetic field, dangling-bond spins or by acoustic and optical phonons. These activation mechanisms mix the DE with different bright excitons and, consequently, lead to different PL polarization properties, because they are determined by dipole orientations of the bright excitons, which the DE is coupled with. We show that the PL polarization properties of prolate and oblate shape NCs are different due to different activation mechanisms responsible for the DE recombination. C1 [Rodina, Anna V.] Russian Acad Sci, Ioffe Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [Efros, Alexander L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rodina, AV (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Ioffe Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. FU Government of Russia [14.Z50.31.0021]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Russian Foundation of Basic Research [15-52-12015, ICRC TRR 160]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation FX Authors thank L. Biadala, M. Fernee, R. Vaxenburg, A. Shabaev, L. Boyer, and D. R. Yakovlev for helpful discussions and TU Dortmund University for the hospitality. The work of A. V. R was supported by the Government of Russia (Project No. 14.Z50.31.0021, leading scientist M. Bayer), and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Russian Foundation of Basic Research (Project 15-52-12015) in the frame of the ICRC TRR 160. Al.L.E. acknowledges the financial support of the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program and Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 21 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 22 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 15 AR 155427 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.155427 PG 15 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DJ9LP UT WOS:000374535300005 ER PT J AU Friedman, AL Cress, CD Schmucker, SW Robinson, JT van 't Erve, OMJ AF Friedman, Adam L. Cress, Cory D. Schmucker, Scott W. Robinson, Jeremy T. van 't Erve, Olaf M. J. TI Electronic transport and localization in nitrogen-doped graphene devices using hyperthermal ion implantation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MONOLAYER GRAPHENE; REVERSIBLE HYDROGENATION; BILAYER GRAPHENE; TUNNEL BARRIER; SPIN; CONDUCTIVITY; SPECTROSCOPY; SEGREGATION; SCATTERING; STABILITY AB Hyperthermal ion implantation offers a controllable method of producing high-quality substitutionally doped graphene with nitrogen, an n-type dopant that has great potential for graphene electronics and spintronics applications where high carrier concentration, uniform doping, and minimal vacancy defect concentration is desired. Here we examine the transport properties of monolayer graphene sheets as a function of implantation beam energy and dose. We observe a transition from weak to strong localization that varies as a function of carrier concentration. For nominally equivalent doses, increased N ion energy results in an increasing magnetoresistance magnitude, reaching a value of approximately -5.5% at 5000 Oe, which we discuss in the context of dopant concentration and defect formation. We use a model for the temperature dependence of the conductivity that takes into account both temperature activation, due to the formation of a transport gap, and Mott variable-range hopping, due to the formation of defects, to further study the electronic properties of the doped films as a function of dose and N ion energy. We find that the temperature activation component dominates the behavior. C1 [Friedman, Adam L.; van 't Erve, Olaf M. J.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cress, Cory D.; Robinson, Jeremy T.] Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schmucker, Scott W.] US Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Friedman, AL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM adam.friedman@nrl.navy.mil RI Friedman, Adam/D-9610-2011; Schmucker, Scott/D-8312-2012; OI Friedman, Adam/0000-0003-0597-5432; Schmucker, Scott/0000-0003-2908-5282; Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 13 U2 33 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 21 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 16 AR 161409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.161409 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DJ9MP UT WOS:000374537900001 ER PT J AU Peters, EE Prados-Estevez, FM Chakraborty, A Mynk, MG Bandyopadhyay, D Choudry, SN Crider, BP Garrett, PE Hicks, SF Kumar, A Lesher, SR McKay, CJ Orce, JN Scheck, M Vanhoy, JR Wood, JL Yates, SW AF Peters, E. E. Prados-Estevez, F. M. Chakraborty, A. Mynk, M. G. Bandyopadhyay, D. Choudry, S. N. Crider, B. P. Garrett, P. E. Hicks, S. F. Kumar, A. Lesher, S. R. McKay, C. J. Orce, J. N. Scheck, M. Vanhoy, J. R. Wood, J. L. Yates, S. W. TI E0 transitions in Pd-106: Implications for shape coexistence SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC MONOPOLE TRANSITIONS; DOPPLER-SHIFT ATTENUATION; CONVERSION COEFFICIENTS; NUCLEI; STATES AB Level lifetimes in Pd-106 were measured with the Doppler-shift attenuation method following inelastic neutron scattering, and electric monopole transition strengths between low-lying 2(+) states were deduced. The large rho(2)(E0) values obtained provide evidence for shape coexistence, extending observation of such structures in the N = 60 isotones. Included in these results is the first determination of the E0 transition strength in the Pd nuclei between levels with K = 2. C1 [Peters, E. E.; Prados-Estevez, F. M.; Chakraborty, A.; Mynk, M. G.; Yates, S. W.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Prados-Estevez, F. M.; Chakraborty, A.; Bandyopadhyay, D.; Choudry, S. N.; Crider, B. P.; Kumar, A.; Lesher, S. R.; McKay, C. J.; Orce, J. N.; Scheck, M.; Yates, S. W.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Garrett, P. E.] Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Hicks, S. F.] Univ Dallas, Dept Phys, Irving, TX 75062 USA. [Vanhoy, J. R.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Wood, J. L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Chakraborty, A.] Visva Bharati, Siksha Bhavana, Dept Phys, Santini Ketan 731235, W Bengal, India. [Crider, B. P.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kumar, A.] Panjab Univ, Dept Phys, Chandigarh 1600014, India. [Lesher, S. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. [Orce, J. N.] Univ Western Cape, Dept Phys, P BX17, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa. [Scheck, M.] Univ West Scotland, Sch Engn, High St, Paisley PA1 2BE, Renfrew, Scotland. [Scheck, M.] SUPA, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. RP Peters, EE (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM fe.peters@uky.edu FU U.S. National Science Foundation [PHY-1305801] FX We wish to thank H.E. Baber for his many contributions to these measurements. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-1305801. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 EI 1434-601X J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD APR 20 PY 2016 VL 52 IS 4 AR 96 DI 10.1140/epja/i2016-16096-y PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA DM2MQ UT WOS:000376181300002 ER PT J AU Ajello, M Albert, A Anderson, B Baldini, L Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonino, R Bottacini, E Bregeon, J Bruel, P Buehler, R Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caragiulo, M Caraveo, PA Cecchi, C Chekhtman, A Ciprini, S Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Costanza, F D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Desiante, R Di Mauro, M Di Venere, L Dominguez, A Drell, PS Favuzzi, C Focke, WB Franckowiak, A Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Giglietto, N Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Guiriec, S Horan, D Johannesson, G Katsuragawa, M Kensei, S Kuss, M Larsson, S Latronico, L Li, J Li, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Maldera, S Manfreda, A Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN Meyer, M Michelson, PF Mirabal, N Mizuno, T Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Negro, M Nuss, E Okada, C Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Sanchez-Conde, M Sgro, C Simone, D Siskind, EJ Spada, F Spandre, G Spinelli, P Takahashi, H Thayer, JB Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Wood, KS Wood, M Zaharijas, G Zimmer, S AF Ajello, M. Albert, A. Anderson, B. Baldini, L. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonino, R. Bottacini, E. Bregeon, J. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caragiulo, M. Caraveo, P. A. Cecchi, C. Chekhtman, A. Ciprini, S. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Costanza, F. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Desiante, R. Di Mauro, M. Di Venere, L. Dominguez, A. Drell, P. S. Favuzzi, C. Focke, W. B. Franckowiak, A. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Giglietto, N. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Guiriec, S. Horan, D. Johannesson, G. Katsuragawa, M. Kensei, S. Kuss, M. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Li, J. Li, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Maldera, S. Manfreda, A. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. Meyer, M. Michelson, P. F. Mirabal, N. Mizuno, T. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Negro, M. Nuss, E. Okada, C. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Sanchez-Conde, M. Sgro, C. Simone, D. Siskind, E. J. Spada, F. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Takahashi, H. Thayer, J. B. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Wood, K. S. Wood, M. Zaharijas, G. Zimmer, S. CA Fermi-LAT Collaboration TI Search for Spectral Irregularities due to Photon-Axionlike-Particle Oscillations with the Fermi Large Area Telescope SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; GAMMA-RAY SPECTRA; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; INVISIBLE AXION; PERSEUS CLUSTER; GALAXY CLUSTER; BLAZARS; CONSEQUENCES; EVOLUTION; EMISSION AB We report on the search for spectral irregularities induced by oscillations between photons and axionlike-particles (ALPs) in the gamma-ray spectrum of NGC 1275, the central galaxy of the Perseus cluster. Using 6 years of Fermi Large Area Telescope data, we find no evidence for ALPs and exclude couplings above 5 x 10(-12) GeV-1 for ALP masses 0.5 less than or similar to m(a) less than or similar to 5 neV at 95% confidence. The limits are competitive with the sensitivity of planned laboratory experiments, and, together with other bounds, strongly constrain the possibility that ALPs can reduce the gamma-ray opacity of the Universe. C1 [Ajello, M.; Dominguez, A.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Albert, A.; Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Di Mauro, M.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Thayer, J. B.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Albert, A.; Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Di Mauro, M.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Thayer, J. B.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Anderson, B.; Conrad, J.; Meyer, M.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Anderson, B.; Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Li, L.; Meyer, M.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Zimmer, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Kuss, M.; Manfreda, A.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spada, F.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Zaharijas, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Caragiulo, M.; Costanza, F.; de Palma, F.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Simone, D.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Desiante, R.; Latronico, L.; Maldera, S.; Negro, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Negro, M.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, F-34059 Montpellier, France. [Bruel, P.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Caliandro, G. A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Chekhtman, A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Kensei, S.; Okada, C.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Funk, S.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Guiriec, S.; Mirabal, N.; Perkins, J. S.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, Dunhaga 3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Katsuragawa, M.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] IEEC CSIC, Inst Space Sci, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Murgia, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Cosmol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Reimer, A.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Uchiyama, Y.] Dept Phys, Toshima Ku, 3-34-1 Nishi Ikebukuro, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. [Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zaharijas, G.] Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Zaharijas, G.] Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Vipavska 13, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia. RP Conrad, J; Meyer, M; Sanchez-Conde, M (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.; Conrad, J; Meyer, M; Sanchez-Conde, M (reprint author), AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM conrad@fysik.su.se; manuel.meyer@fysik.su.se; sanchezconde@fysik.su.se RI Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Meyer, Manuel/E-2697-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; OI Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Meyer, Manuel/0000-0002-0738-7581; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Zaharijas, Gabrijela/0000-0001-8484-7791; Mazziotta, Mario Nicola/0000-0001-9325-4672 FU Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) [FIRB-2012-RBFR12PM1F] FX The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges support for LAT development, operation, and data analysis from NASA and DOE (U.S.), CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS (France), ASI and INFN (Italy), MEXT, KEK, and JAXA (Japan), and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the National Space Board (Sweden). Science analysis support in the operations phase from INAF (Italy) and CNES (France) is also gratefully acknowledged. J. C. is a Wallenberg Academy Fellow. S. G. and N. M. are NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellows. M. R. is funded by Contract No. FIRB-2012-RBFR12PM1F from the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR). NR 75 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 20 PY 2016 VL 116 IS 16 AR 161101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.161101 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DJ9UU UT WOS:000374559300002 PM 27152783 ER PT J AU Leski, TA Taitt, CR Bangura, U Stockelman, MG Ansumana, R Cooper, WH Stenger, DA Vora, GJ AF Leski, Tomasz A. Taitt, Chris R. Bangura, Umaru Stockelman, Michael G. Ansumana, Rashid Cooper, William H., III Stenger, David A. Vora, Gary J. TI High prevalence of multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolated from outpatient urine samples but not the hospital environment in Bo, Sierra Leone SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Citrobacter; MDR; ESBL; CHROMagar; Sierra Leone ID NDM-1-PRODUCING KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE; SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASES; ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; TRACT-INFECTIONS; PATHOGENS; IDENTIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEQUENCES; SURFACES; AFRICA AB Background: The rising level of antimicrobial resistance among bacterial pathogens is one of the most significant public health problems globally. While the antibiotic resistance of clinically important bacteria is closely tracked in many developed countries, the types and levels of resistance and multidrug resistance (MDR) among pathogens currently circulating in most countries of sub--Saharan Africa are virtually unknown. Methods: From December 2013 to April 2014, we collected 93 urine specimens from all outpatients showing symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI) and 189 fomite swabs from a small hospital in Bo, Sierra Leone. Culture on chromogenic agar combined with biochemical and DNA sequence--based assays was used to detect and identify the bacterial isolates. Their antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined using a panel of 11 antibiotics or antibiotic combinations. Results: The 70 Enterobacteriaceae urine isolates were identified as Citrobacter freundii (n = 22), Kleb.siella pneumonioe (n = 15), Enterobacter cloacae (n = 15), Escherichia col/ (n = 13), Enterobacter sp./Leclerc/a sp. (n = 4) and Escherichia hermannii (n = 1). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing demonstrated that 85.7 % of these isolates were MDR while 64.3 % produced an extended-spectrum 8-lactamase (ESBL). The most notable observations included widespread resistance to sulphonamides (91.4 %), chloramphenicol (72.9 9'6), gentamycin (72.9 %), ampicillin with sulbactam (51.4 %) and ciprofloxacin (47.1 96) with C. freundii exhibiting the highest and E. col/ the lowest prevalence of multidrug resistance. The environmental cultures resulted in only five Enterobacteriaceae isolates out of 189 collected with lower overall antibiotic resistance. Conclusions: The surprisingly high proportion of C. freundii found in urine of patients with suspected UTI supports earlier findings of the growing role of this pathogen in UTIs in low-resource countries. The isolates of all analyzed species showed worryingly high levels of resistance to both first- and second-line antibiotics as well as a high frequency of MDR and ESBL phenotypes, which likely resulted from the lack of consistent antibiotic stewardship policies in Sierra Leone. Analysis of hospital environmental isolates however suggested that fomites in this naturally ventilated hospital were not a major reservoir for Enterobacteriaceae or antibiotic resistance determinants. C1 [Leski, Tomasz A.; Taitt, Chris R.; Stockelman, Michael G.; Stenger, David A.; Vora, Gary J.] Naval Res Lab, Code 69104555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bangura, Umaru; Ansumana, Rashid] Mercy Hosp, Res Lab, Bo, Sierra Leone. [Ansumana, Rashid] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Bangura, Umaru; Ansumana, Rashid] Njala Univ, Bo, Sierra Leone. [Cooper, William H., III] Bowe State Univ, Bowie, MD USA. RP Leski, TA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 69104555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM tomasz.leski@nrl.navy.mil FU Joint Science and Technology Office (JSTO); Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA); Office of Naval Research (ONR) via U.S. Naval Research Laboratory core funds FX This work was supported in part by the Joint Science and Technology Office (JSTO), Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) and by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) via U.S. Naval Research Laboratory core funds. The funding entities had no role in or any influence over the design of the study, collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and the final manuscript. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD APR 18 PY 2016 VL 16 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DK6DV UT WOS:000375013600001 ER PT J AU Stroud, RM Lovejoy, TC Falke, M Bassim, ND Corbin, GJ Dellby, N Hrncirik, P Kaeppel, A Noack, M Hahn, W Rohde, M Krivanek, OL AF Stroud, R. M. Lovejoy, T. C. Falke, M. Bassim, N. D. Corbin, G. J. Dellby, N. Hrncirik, P. Kaeppel, A. Noack, M. Hahn, W. Rohde, M. Krivanek, O. L. TI Individual heteroatom identification with X-ray spectroscopy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ATOMS AB Individual heteroatoms in nanoscale materials often play a pivotal role in materials properties. To obtain maximum control over materials properties, researchers must be able to detect and identify diverse heteroatoms in samples with varying thickness and composition. Here, we demonstrate the identification of individual Si, S, P, and Ca heteroatoms in two-phase carbonaceous nanoscale mixtures with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy in a scanning transmission electron microscope. In order to fully demonstrate the robustness of the technique and the potential advantages over electron energy loss spectroscopy for single-atom speciation, no a priori constraint was placed on the sample thickness or types of heteroatom species. The various heteroatoms were identified with X-ray spectrum collection times ranging from 8 to 57 s, and normalized count rates of 0.096-0.007 counts s(-1) pA(-1). The lowest times/highest effective count rates were achieved by maximizing the effective dwell time on the atom, through minimizing the oversampling area of the electron beam raster. (C) 2016 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). C1 [Stroud, R. M.; Bassim, N. D.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave South West, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lovejoy, T. C.; Corbin, G. J.; Dellby, N.; Hrncirik, P.; Krivanek, O. L.] Nion Co, 11511 NE 118th St, Kirkland, WA 98034 USA. [Kaeppel, A.; Noack, M.; Hahn, W.; Rohde, M.] Bruker Nano GmbH, Studio 2D, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. RP Stroud, RM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave South West, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM rhonda.stroud@nrl.navy.mil RI Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008 OI Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015 FU NRL base program; NASA Cosmochemistry program; NASA LARS; NRL FX This work was supported in part by the NRL base program and the NASA Cosmochemistry program. Support for the construction of the microscope and EDX detector was received from NASA LARS, and the NRL capital equipment fund. The Murchison nanodiamond residue was received from C.M. O'D. Alexander. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 16 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 16 AR 163101 DI 10.1063/1.4947002 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DK6RN UT WOS:000375053000028 ER PT J AU Zanotelli, MR Ardalani, H Zhang, J Hou, ZG Nguyen, EH Swanson, S Nguyen, BK Bolin, J Elwell, A Bischel, LL Xie, AW Stewart, R Beebe, DJ Thomson, JA Schwartz, MP Murphy, WL AF Zanotelli, Matthew R. Ardalani, Hamisha Zhang, Jue Hou, Zhonggang Nguyen, Eric H. Swanson, Scott Nguyen, Bao Kim Bolin, Jennifer Elwell, Angela Bischel, Lauren L. Xie, Angela W. Stewart, Ron Beebe, David J. Thomson, James A. Schwartz, Michael P. Murphy, William L. TI Stable engineered vascular networks from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells cultured in synthetic hydrogels SO ACTA BIOMATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Thiolene; Biomaterials; Blood Vessel; Tissue Engineering; Microfluidic; 3D culture ID ANGIOGENESIS IN-VITRO; GROWTH-FACTOR; ALPHA(2)BETA(1) INTEGRINS; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; COLLAGEN MATRICES; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; CLICK CHEMISTRY; GENE-EXPRESSION; VI COLLAGEN; MORPHOGENESIS AB Here, we describe an in vitro strategy to model vascular morphogenesis where human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (iPSC-ECs) are encapsulated in peptide-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels, either on standard well plates or within a passive pumping polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) tri-channel microfluidic device. PEG hydrogels permissive towards cellular remodeling were fabricated using thiol-ene photopolymerization to incorporate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-degradable crosslinks and CRGDS cell adhesion peptide. Time lapse microscopy, immunofluorescence imaging, and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) demonstrated that iPSC-ECs formed vascular networks through mechanisms that were consistent with in vivo vasculogenesis and angiogenesis when cultured in PEG hydrogels. Migrating iPSC-ECs condensed into clusters, elongated into tubules, and formed polygonal networks through sprouting. Genes upregulated for iPSC-ECs cultured in PEG hydrogels relative to control cells on tissue culture polystyrene (TCP) surfaces included adhesion, matrix remodeling, and Notch signaling pathway genes relevant to in vivo vascular development. Vascular networks with lumens were stable for at least 14 days when iPSC-ECs were encapsulated in PEG hydrogels that were polymerized within the central channel of the microfluidic device. Therefore, iPSC-ECs cultured in peptide-functionalized PEG hydrogels offer a defined platform for investigating vascular morphogenesis in vitro using both standard and microfluidic formats. Statement of Significance Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (iPSC-ECs) cultured in synthetic hydrogels self-assemble into capillary networks through mechanisms consistent with in vivo vascular morphogenesis. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zanotelli, Matthew R.; Ardalani, Hamisha; Nguyen, Eric H.; Bischel, Lauren L.; Xie, Angela W.; Beebe, David J.; Schwartz, Michael P.; Murphy, William L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biomed Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Zhang, Jue; Hou, Zhonggang; Swanson, Scott; Nguyen, Bao Kim; Bolin, Jennifer; Elwell, Angela; Stewart, Ron; Thomson, James A.] Morgridge Inst Res, Madison, WI USA. [Thomson, James A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Cell & Regenerat Biol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Thomson, James A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Murphy, William L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Orthoped & Rehabil, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hou, Zhonggang] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, Boston, MA USA. [Bischel, Lauren L.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC USA. RP Murphy, WL (reprint author), Wisconsin Inst Med Res II, 1111 Highland Ave Room 5405, Madison, WI 53705 USA.; Schwartz, MP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Ctr Sustainable Nanotechnol, 1101 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mpschwartz@wisc.edu; wlmurphy@wisc.edu RI Schwartz, Mike/O-7963-2016 OI Schwartz, Mike/0000-0003-3785-6606 FU National Institutes of Health [NIH R01HL093282-01A1, R21EB016381-01, 1UH2TR000506-01, T32HL007889, T32HL07936, R01EB10039, NIGMS5T32GM08349]; UW-Madison Graduate Engineering Research Scholars program; Environmental Protection Agency (STAR grant) [83573701] FX The authors would like to acknowledge funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH R01HL093282-01A1, R21EB016381-01, 1UH2TR000506-01, T32HL007889, T32HL07936, R01EB10039, and the Biotechnology Training Program NIGMS5T32GM08349), the UW-Madison Graduate Engineering Research Scholars program, and the Environmental Protection Agency (STAR grant no. 83573701). Mechanical testing data was obtained using the Ares LS2 rheometer at the UW-Madison Soft Materials Laboratory. NR 90 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 13 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-7061 EI 1878-7568 J9 ACTA BIOMATER JI Acta Biomater. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 35 BP 32 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.03.001 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA DK8FI UT WOS:000375162200004 PM 26945632 ER PT J AU Cortes, FJQ Arias-Monje, PJ Phillips, J Zea, H AF Quintero Cortes, Francisco Javier Arias-Monje, Pedro Jose Phillips, Jonathan Zea, Hugo TI Empirical kinetics for the growth of titania nanotube arrays by potentiostatic anodization in ethylene glycol SO MATERIALS & DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Titania nanotube arrays; Anodization; Kinetics ID TIO2 NANOTUBES; ANODIC-OXIDATION; ELECTROLYTE; FABRICATION; PARAMETERS; MORPHOLOGY; MECHANISM; FILMS; ENERGY AB The goal of this research was to describe the effects of the main anodization variables on the morphology of the resulting titania nanotube arrays. Four variables were considered in this study: applied voltage, fluoride and water concentrations, and time. The first three variables were studied simultaneously in a central composite design of experiments using SEM measurements of tube length as the response variable. The effect of time was modeled using transferred charge as the response variable. A field assisted oxidation-dissolution growth model was validated over a broad range of experimental conditions under which tube growth can be accurately predicted directly from the current transients using Faraday's laws. The effects of anodization variables were described based on this model and a simple, empirical kinetic expression was obtained and successfully tested against data from other authors with fairly small errors over a broad range of conditions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Quintero Cortes, Francisco Javier; Arias-Monje, Pedro Jose; Zea, Hugo] Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Ingn Quim & Ambiental, Bogota 111321, Colombia. [Phillips, Jonathan] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Cortes, FJQ (reprint author), Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Ingn Quim & Ambiental, Bogota 111321, Colombia. EM fjquinteroc@unal.edu.co; pjariasm@unal.edu.co; jphillip@nps.edu; hrzear@unal.edu.co FU National University of Colombia; Colciencias; program "Convocatoria del Programa Nacional de Proyectos para el Fortalecimiento de la Investigacion, la Creacion y la Innovacion en Posgrados de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia" [19163]; program "Jovenes Investigadores de Colciencias" [21551] FX The authors acknowledge the help from the Physics and the Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering departments of the Naval Postgraduate School, and the financial support the National University of Colombia and Colciencias, grants number 19163 of the program "Convocatoria del Programa Nacional de Proyectos para el Fortalecimiento de la Investigacion, la Creacion y la Innovacion en Posgrados de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia 2013-2015" and 21551 of the program "Jovenes Investigadores de Colciencias - 2013", respectively. The first author wants to thank Ujsek Quintero for his financial support. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-3069 EI 1873-4197 J9 MATER DESIGN JI Mater. Des. PD APR 15 PY 2016 VL 96 BP 80 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.02.006 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DF4CX UT WOS:000371296000011 ER PT J AU Robinson, JA Varanasi, C Voevodin, AA Li, LJ Robinson, JT Lou, J AF Robinson, Joshua A. Varanasi, Chakrapani Voevodin, Andrey A. Li, Lain-Jong Robinson, Jeremy T. Lou, Jun TI TWO-DIMENSIONAL HETEROSTRUCTURE MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Robinson, Joshua A.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Varanasi, Chakrapani] US Army, Res Off, Washington, DC USA. [Voevodin, Andrey A.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. [Li, Lain-Jong] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. [Robinson, Jeremy T.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lou, Jun] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. RP Robinson, JA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RI Li, Lain-Jong/D-5244-2011 OI Li, Lain-Jong/0000-0002-4059-7783 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 17 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR 14 PY 2016 VL 31 IS 7 BP 823 EP 823 DI 10.1557/jmr.2016.108 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DM2LN UT WOS:000376178400001 ER PT J AU Van't Erve, OMJ Hanbicki, AT Friedman, AL McCreary, KM Cobas, E Li, CH Robinson, JT Jonker, BT AF Van't Erve, Olaf M. J. Hanbicki, Aubrey T. Friedman, Adam L. McCreary, Kathleen M. Cobas, Enrique Li, Connie H. Robinson, Jeremy T. Jonker, Berend T. TI Graphene and monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides: properties and devices SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; MAGNETIC TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; ELECTRICAL SPIN INJECTION; 2-DIMENSIONAL ATOMIC CRYSTALS; DER-WAALS HETEROSTRUCTURES; EXCITON BINDING-ENERGY; LAYER MOS2 TRANSISTORS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SINGLE-LAYER; LARGE-AREA AB 2D materials play a special role in the race to make smaller and smaller devices. Their unique and strong in-plane bonding makes them impervious to diffusion into other layers and provides excellent thickness control. Their van der Waal's bonding with other monolayers or substrates allows for heterostructures unattainable by any other technique. This is reflected by the abundant popularity of research into graphene and other 2D materials. In this review article, we will describe the out-of-plane properties of graphene and functionalized graphene. We will use three specific examples to illustrate how these out-of-plane properties can be used in spintronic devices, in section "Graphene as a Tunnel Barrier" we will describe a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) based on graphene. Section "Graphene Based MTJs" will describe the spin injecting properties of a graphene tunnel barrier on silicon. Section "Graphene in Semiconductor Spintronic Devices" describes how you can use functionalized graphene to make a homoepitaxial graphene device. The second part of this article reviews monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). First, we will show how TMDs are grown and specifically how we can grow large-area TMDs by chemical vapor deposition. Secondly, we will describe the optical properties of several TMDs and compare the results from several authors. Finally, we choose a chemical sensor as a specific example to show how TMDs can be used in a device. C1 [Van't Erve, Olaf M. J.; Hanbicki, Aubrey T.; Friedman, Adam L.; McCreary, Kathleen M.; Cobas, Enrique; Li, Connie H.; Robinson, Jeremy T.; Jonker, Berend T.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Van't Erve, OMJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Olaf.vanterve@nrl.navy.mil RI Friedman, Adam/D-9610-2011 OI Friedman, Adam/0000-0003-0597-5432 FU core programs at NRL; Office of Naval Research; NRL Karles Fellow program FX This work was supported by core programs at NRL, and the Office of Naval Research. EC and ALF gratefully acknowledge support through the NRL Karles Fellow program. The authors gratefully acknowledge use of facilities in the NRL Nanoscience Institute, and thank David Zapotok, Dean St. Amand and Walter Spratt for continual technical support. NR 234 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 51 U2 96 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR 14 PY 2016 VL 31 IS 7 BP 845 EP 877 DI 10.1557/jmr.2015.397 PG 33 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DM2LN UT WOS:000376178400004 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Albert, A Atwood, WB Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonino, R Bregeon, J Britto, RJ Bruel, P Buehler, R Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caragiulo, M Caraveo, PA Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Costanza, F Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Desiante, R Digel, SW Di Mauro, M Di Venere, L Dominguez, A Drell, PS Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Franckowiak, A Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Giroletti, M Godfrey, G Green, D Grenier, IA Guiriec, S Hays, E Horan, D Iafrate, G Jogler, T Johannesson, G Kuss, M La Mura, G Larsson, S Latronico, L Li, J Li, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Magill, J Maldera, S Manfreda, A Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Negro, M Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okada, C Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Petrosian, V Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Romani, RW Sanchez-Conde, M Schmid, J Schulz, A Sgro, C Simone, D Siskind, EJ Spada, F Spandre, G Spinelli, P Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Thayer, JB Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Troja, E Vianello, G Yassine, M Zimmer, S AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Albert, A. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonino, R. Bregeon, J. Britto, R. J. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caragiulo, M. Caraveo, P. A. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Costanza, F. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Desiante, R. Digel, S. W. Di Mauro, M. Di Venere, L. Dominguez, A. Drell, P. S. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Franckowiak, A. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Godfrey, G. Green, D. Grenier, I. A. Guiriec, S. Hays, E. Horan, D. Iafrate, G. Jogler, T. Johannesson, G. Kuss, M. La Mura, G. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Li, J. Li, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Magill, J. Maldera, S. Manfreda, A. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Negro, M. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okada, C. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Petrosian, V. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Romani, R. W. Sanchez-Conde, M. Schmid, J. Schulz, A. Sgro, C. Simone, D. Siskind, E. J. Spada, F. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Thayer, J. B. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Troja, E. Vianello, G. Yassine, M. Zimmer, S. TI Resolving the Extragalactic gamma-Ray Background above 50 GeV with the Fermi Large Area Telescope SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; STATISTICS; EMISSION; SPECTRUM; BLAZARS; ORIGIN; HOLE AB The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) Collaboration has recently released a catalog of 360 sources detected above 50 GeV (2FHL). This catalog was obtained using 80 months of data re-processed with Pass 8, the newest event-level analysis, which significantly improves the acceptance and angular resolution of the instrument. Most of the 2FHL sources at high Galactic latitude are blazars. Using detailed Monte Carlo simulations, we measure, for the first time, the source count distribution, dN= dS, of extragalactic.-ray sources at E > 50 GeV and find that it is compatible with a Euclidean distribution down to the lowest measured source flux in the 2FHL (8 x 10(-12) ph cm(-2) s(-1)). We employ a one-point photon fluctuation analysis to constrain the behavior of dN= dS below the source detection threshold. Overall, the source count distribution is constrained over three decades in flux and found compatible with a broken power law with a break flux, Sb, in the range [8 x 10-12; 1.5 x 10-11] ph cm(-2) s(-1) and power-law indices below and above the break of a 2. [1.60; 1.75] and a 1 +/- 2.49 +/- 0.12, respectively. Integration of dN= dS shows that point sources account for at least 86_16 -14 % of the total extragalactic gamma-ray background. The simple form of the derived source count distribution is consistent with a single population (i. e., blazars) dominating the source counts to the minimum flux explored by this analysis. We estimate the density of sources detectable in blind surveys that will be performed in the coming years by the Cherenkov Telescope Array. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.; Schulz, A.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.; Dominguez, A.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Albert, A.; Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Digel, S. W.; Di Mauro, M.; Drell, P. S.; Franckowiak, A.; Godfrey, G.; Jogler, T.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Albert, A.; Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Digel, S. W.; Di Mauro, M.; Drell, P. S.; Franckowiak, A.; Godfrey, G.; Jogler, T.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Grenier, I. A.; Schmid, J.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, CEA IRFU, Lab AIM,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Iafrate, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Chiaro, G.; La Mura, G.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bechtol, K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bechtol, K.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bellazzini, R.; Kuss, M.; Manfreda, A.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spada, F.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Caragiulo, M.; Costanza, F.; de Palma, F.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Simone, D.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Desiante, R.; Latronico, L.; Maldera, S.; Negro, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Negro, M.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Yassine, M.] Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, F-34059 Montpellier, France. [Britto, R. J.; Razzaque, S.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, POB 524, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Horan, D.] CNRS IN2P3, Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Lubrano, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Lubrano, P.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Chekhtman, A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Cutini, S.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Rome, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Grp Collegato Udine, Sez Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Ferrara, E. C.; Green, D.; Guiriec, S.; Hays, E.; Perkins, J. S.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Okada, C.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Funk, S.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Green, D.; Magill, J.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Green, D.; Magill, J.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guiriec, S.] NASA, Postdoctoral Program, New York, NY USA. [Iafrate, G.] Osserv Astron Trieste, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, Dunhaga 3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [La Mura, G.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [La Mura, G.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Physik, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Zimmer, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Space Sci IEEC CSIC, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Lott, B.; Reposeur, T.] Univ Bordeaux 1, Ctr Etudes Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, IN2P3 CNRS, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Lovellette, M. N.] Naval Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mitthumsiri, W.] Mahidol Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Moiseev, A. A.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Murgia, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Cosmol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Sanchez-Conde, M.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tibaldo, L.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. RP Ajello, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.; Di Mauro, M (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Di Mauro, M (reprint author), Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM majello@slac.stanford.edu; mattia.dimauro@to.infn.it RI Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; OI Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214 NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 14 PY 2016 VL 116 IS 15 AR 151105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.151105 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DJ1SN UT WOS:000373984100003 PM 27127954 ER PT J AU Gor, GY Bernstein, N AF Gor, Gennady Y. Bernstein, Noam TI Revisiting Bangham's law of adsorption-induced deformation: changes of surface energy and surface stress SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS; FUNCTIONAL THEORY MODEL; GUEST GAS MOLECULES; CARBON-DIOXIDE; DISPERSIVE ATTRACTION; MICROPOROUS MATERIALS; DIMENSIONAL CHANGES; MESOPOROUS SILICA; VOLUME SHRINKAGE; CO2 ADSORPTION AB When fluids are adsorbed on a solid surface they induce noticeable stresses, which cause the deformation of the solid. D. H. Bangham and co-authors performed a series of experimental measurements of adsorption-induced strains, and concluded that physisorption causes expansion, which is proportional to the lowering of the surface energy Delta gamma. This statement is referred to as the Bangham effect or Bangham's law. However, it is known that the quantity that controls the deformation is actually the change in surface stress Delta f rather than surface energy Delta gamma, but this difference has not been considered in the context of adsorption-induced deformation of mesoporous materials. We use the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) theory to derive both values and show the difference between them. We find the condition when the difference between the two vanishes, and Bangham's law is applicable; it is likely that this condition is satisfied in most cases, and prediction of strain based on Delta gamma is a good approximation. We show that this is the case for adsorption of argon and water on Vycor glass. Finally, we show that the difference between Delta gamma and Delta f can explain some of the experimental data that contradicts Bangham's law. C1 [Gor, Gennady Y.] US Navy, Res Lab, Resident Ctr Mat Phys & Technol, NRC Res Associate, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bernstein, Noam] US Navy, Res Lab, Ctr Mat Phys & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gor, GY (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Resident Ctr Mat Phys & Technol, NRC Res Associate, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gennady.y.gor@gmail.com FU National Research Council Research Associateship Award at Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's basic research program FX This research was performed while one of the authors (G. G.) held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at Naval Research Laboratory. The work of G. G. and N. B. was funded by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's basic research program. NR 69 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 8 U2 22 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 EI 1463-9084 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PD APR 14 PY 2016 VL 18 IS 14 BP 9788 EP 9798 DI 10.1039/c6cp00051g PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DI5WC UT WOS:000373570200056 PM 27001041 ER PT J AU Carroll, TL Byers, JM AF Carroll, T. L. Byers, J. M. TI Grid-based partitioning for comparing attractors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CHAOTIC TIME-SERIES; STRANGE ATTRACTORS; SYSTEMS; PREDICTION; DIMENSION; ERROR AB Stationary dynamical systems have invariant measures (or densities) that are characteristic of the particular dynamical system. We develop a method to characterize this density by partitioning the attractor into the smallest regions in phase space that contain information about the structure of the attractor. To accomplish this, we develop a statistic that tells us if we get more information about our data by dividing a set of data points into partitions rather than just lumping all the points together. We use this method to show that not only can we detect small changes in an attractor from a circuit experiment, but we can also distinguish between a large set of numerically generated chaotic attractors designed by Sprott. These comparisons are not limited to chaotic attractors-they should work for signals from any finite-dimensional dynamical system. C1 [Carroll, T. L.; Byers, J. M.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Carroll, TL (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Thomas.Carroll@nrl.navy.mil NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR 13 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 4 AR 042206 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.93.042206 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA DJ0HU UT WOS:000373883900003 PM 27176292 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, S Boyer, ML Kemper, F Meixner, M Sargent, BA Riebel, D AF Srinivasan, S. Boyer, M. L. Kemper, F. Meixner, M. Sargent, B. A. Riebel, D. TI The evolved-star dust budget of the Small Magellanic Cloud: the critical role of a few key players SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE stars: AGB and post-AGB-stars: carbon; stars: mass-loss; supergiants; Magellanic Clouds ID ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH; MASS-LOSS RETURN; NEAR-INFRARED PHOTOMETRY; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; GALAXY EVOLUTION; AGB STARS; LOW METALLICITY; CARBON STARS; MU-M; OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY AB The life cycle of dust in the interstellar medium is heavily influenced by outflows from asymptotic giant branch (AGB) and red supergiant (RSG) stars, a large fraction of which is contributed by a few very dusty sources. We compute the dust input to the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) by fitting the multi-epoch mid-infrared spectral energy distributions of AGB/RSG candidates with models from the Grid of RSG and AGB ModelS grid, allowing us to estimate the luminosities and dust-production rates (DPRs) of the entire population. By removing contaminants, we guarantee a high-quality data set with reliable DPRs and a complete inventory of the dustiest sources. We find a global AGB/RSG dust-injection rate of (1.3 +/- 0.1) x 10(-6) M-circle dot yr(-1), in agreement with estimates derived from mid -infrared colours and excess fluxes. As in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a majority (66 per cent) of the dust arises from the extreme AGB stars, which comprise only per cent of our sample. A handful of far -infrared sources, whose 24 mu m fluxes exceed their 8 m fluxes, dominate the dust input. Their inclusion boosts the global DPR by approximate to 1.5x, making it necessary to determine whether they are AGB stars. Model assumptions, rather than missing data, are the major sources of uncertainty; depending on the choice of dust shell expansion speed and dust optical constants, the global DPR can be up to approximate to 10 times higher. Our results suggest a non-stellar origin for the SMC dust, barring as yet undiscovered evolved stars with very high DPRs. C1 [Srinivasan, S.; Kemper, F.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, 11F,Astron Math Bldg 1,Roosevelt Rd,Sec 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Boyer, M. L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Boyer, M. L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Observat Cosmol Lab, Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Boyer, M. L.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Meixner, M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Sargent, B. A.] Rochester Inst Technol, Ctr Imaging Sci, 54 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Sargent, B. A.] Rochester Inst Technol, Lab Multiwavelength Astrophys, 54 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Riebel, D.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, 572C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Srinivasan, S (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, 11F,Astron Math Bldg 1,Roosevelt Rd,Sec 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. EM sundar@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw RI Kemper, Francisca/D-8688-2011 OI Kemper, Francisca/0000-0003-2743-8240 FU SAGE-LMC Spitzer grant [1275598]; NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Goddard Space Flight Center; NASA; Ministry of Science and Technology in Taiwan [MOST103-2112-M-001-033-, MOST104-2628-M-001-004-MY3]; NASA ADAP grant [NNX13AE36G, NNX13AD54G]; NASA [1407]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; NSF; NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services; [NAG5-12595] FX We are grateful to the anonymous referee for their thorough and helpful comments. We thank Lynn Carlson for her insight on separating YSOs from AGB candidates in colour-magnitude and colour-colour diagrams. We acknowledge funding from the NAG5-12595 grant and the SAGE-LMC Spitzer grant 1275598. MLB is supported by the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Goddard Space Flight Center, administered by ORAU through a contract with NASA. FK acknowledges financial support by the Ministry of Science and Technology in Taiwan, under grant codes MOST103-2112-M-001-033- and MOST104-2628-M-001-004-MY3. MM acknowledges the NASA ADAP grant NNX13AE36G. BAS acknowledges the NASA ADAP grant NNX13AD54G. The authors would also like to thank Bernie Shiao at STScI for his invaluable assistance with the SAGE database. This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under NASA contract 1407. The publication makes use of data products from the Wide field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research has also made use of the SAGE CASJobs database, which is made possible by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Collaboration; SAOImage DS9, developed by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; the Vizier catalogue access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France; the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; the cross-match tool available through the US Virtual Astronomical Observatory, which is sponsored by the NSF and NASA; and NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. NR 76 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 11 PY 2016 VL 457 IS 3 BP 2814 EP 2838 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw155 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DI6BJ UT WOS:000373583900038 ER PT J AU Deneva, JS Stovall, K McLaughlin, MA Bagchi, M Bates, SD Freire, PCC Martinez, JG Jenet, F Garver-Daniels, N AF Deneva, J. S. Stovall, K. McLaughlin, M. A. Bagchi, M. Bates, S. D. Freire, P. C. C. Martinez, J. G. Jenet, F. Garver-Daniels, N. TI NEW DISCOVERIES FROM THE ARECIBO 327 MHz DRIFT PULSAR SURVEY RADIO TRANSIENT SEARCH SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pulsars: general; stars: neutron ID NEUTRON-STARS; GREEN BANK; COSMOLOGICAL DISTANCES; FOLLOW-UP; BURSTS; INTERMITTENCY; ORIGINS AB We present Clusterrank, a new algorithm for identifying dispersed astrophysical pulses. Such pulses are commonly detected from Galactic pulsars and rotating radio transients (RRATs), which are neutron stars with sporadic radio emission. More recently, isolated, highly dispersed pulses dubbed fast radio bursts (FRBs) have been identified as the potential signature of an extragalactic cataclysmic radio source distinct from pulsars and RRATs. Clusterrank helped us discover 14 pulsars and 8 RRATs in data from the Arecibo 327. MHz Drift Pulsar Survey (AO327). The new RRATs have DMs in the range 23.5-86.6 pc cm(-3) and periods in the range 0.172-3.901 s. The new pulsars have DMs in the range 23.6-133.3 pc cm(-3) and periods in the range 1.249-5.012 s, and include two nullers and a mode-switching object. We estimate an upper limit on the all-sky FRB rate of 10(5). day(-1) for bursts with a width of 10 ms and flux density greater than or similar to 83 mJy. The DMs of all new discoveries are consistent with a Galactic origin. In comparing statistics of the new RRATs with sources from the RRATalog, we find that both sets are drawn from the same period distribution. In contrast, we find that the period distribution of the new pulsars is different from the period distributions of canonical pulsars in the ATNF catalog or pulsars found in AO327 data by a periodicity search. This indicates that Clusterrank is a powerful complement to periodicity searches and uncovers a subset of the pulsar population that has so far been underrepresented in survey results and therefore in Galactic pulsar population models. C1 [Deneva, J. S.] Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stovall, K.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [McLaughlin, M. A.; Bagchi, M.; Garver-Daniels, N.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Bagchi, M.; Bates, S. D.] Inst Math Sci, Madras 600113, Tamil Nadu, India. [Freire, P. C. C.; Martinez, J. G.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Martinez, J. G.; Jenet, F.] Univ Texas Brownsville, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Adv Radio Astron, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA. RP Deneva, JS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Bagchi, Manjari/0000-0001-8640-8186 FU NASA Fermi Guest Investigator program; Chief of Naval Research; NSF [0968296, 1327526] FX We thank Ben Arthur and Chen Karako-Argaman for useful discussions. J.S.D. was supported by the NASA Fermi Guest Investigator program and the Chief of Naval Research. M.A.M., M.B., and S.D.B. were supported by NSF award numbers 0968296 and 1327526. The Arecibo Observatory is operated by SRI International under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (AST-1100968), and in alliance with Ana G. Mendez-Universidad Metropolitana, and the Universities Space Research Association. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 2016 VL 821 IS 1 AR 10 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/821/1/10 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DI9GB UT WOS:000373809000010 ER PT J AU Chun, C Neta, B AF Chun, Changbum Neta, Beny TI An analysis of a Khattri's 4th order family of methods SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Iterative not hods; Order of convergence; Basin of attraction; Extraneous fixed points ID EXTRANEOUS FIXED-POINTS; NON-LINEAR EQUATIONS; NONLINEAR EQUATIONS; MULTIPLE ROOTS; ITERATION FUNCTIONS; ORDER METHODS; ATTRACTION; DYNAMICS; BASINS AB In this paper we analyze an optimal fourth-order family of methods suggested by Khattri and Babajee, (2013). We analyze the family using the information on the extraneous fixed points. Two measures of closeness to the imaginary axis of the set of extraneous points are considered and applied to the members of the family to find its best performer. The results are compared to three best members of King's family of methods. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Chun, Changbum] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Math, Suwon 440746, South Korea. [Neta, Beny] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Neta, B (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM cbchun@skku.edu; bneta@nps.edu FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [NRF-2013R1A1A2005012] FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2013R1A1A2005012). NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 EI 1873-5649 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD APR 10 PY 2016 VL 279 BP 198 EP 207 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2016.01.025 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA DD1OY UT WOS:000369692200014 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Albert, A Atwood, WB Baldini, L Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Blandford, RD Bonino, R Bottacini, E Bregeon, J Bruel, P Buehler, R Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caragiulo, M Caraveo, PA Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Costanza, F Cuoco, A Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Desiante, R Digel, SW Di Venere, L Drell, PS Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Franckowiak, A Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grove, JE Guiriec, S Harding, AK Hewitt, JW Horan, D Hou, X Iafrate, G Johannesson, G Kamae, T Kuss, M Larsson, S Latronico, L Li, J Li, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Magill, J Maldera, S Manfreda, A Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monzani, ME Morselli, A Murgia, S Nuss, E Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Petrosian, V Piron, F Pivato, G Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spada, F Spandre, G Spinelli, P Takahashi, H Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Vianello, G Winer, BL Wood, KS Yassine, M Cerutti, F Ferrari, A Sala, PR AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Albert, A. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Blandford, R. D. Bonino, R. Bottacini, E. Bregeon, J. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caragiulo, M. Caraveo, P. A. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Costanza, F. Cuoco, A. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Desiante, R. Digel, S. W. Di Venere, L. Drell, P. S. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Franckowiak, A. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Guiriec, S. Harding, A. K. Hewitt, J. W. Horan, D. Hou, X. Iafrate, G. Johannesson, G. Kamae, T. Kuss, M. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Li, J. Li, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Magill, J. Maldera, S. Manfreda, A. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Murgia, S. Nuss, E. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Petrosian, V. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spada, F. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Takahashi, H. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Vianello, G. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Yassine, M. Cerutti, F. Ferrari, A. Sala, P. R. CA Fermi LAT Collaboration TI Measurement of the high-energy gamma-ray emission from the Moon with the Fermi Large Area Telescope SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GALACTIC COSMIC-RAYS AB We have measured the gamma-ray emission spectrum of the Moon using the data collected by the Large Area Telescope onboard the Fermi satellite during its first seven years of operation, in the energy range from 30 MeV up to a few GeV. We have also studied the time evolution of the flux, finding a correlation with the solar activity. We have developed a full Monte Carlo simulation describing the interactions of cosmic rays with the lunar surface. The results of the present analysis can be explained in the framework of this model, where the production of gamma rays is due to the interactions of cosmic-ray proton and helium nuclei with the surface of the Moon. Finally, we have used our simulation to derive the cosmic-ray proton and helium spectra near Earth from the Moon gamma-ray data. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Albert, A.; Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bottacini, E.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Petrosian, V.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Albert, A.; Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Petrosian, V.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Chiaro, G.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bellazzini, R.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Razzano, M.; Spada, F.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Caragiulo, M.; Costanza, F.; de Palma, F.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Cuoco, A.; Desiante, R.; Latronico, L.; Maldera, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Cuoco, A.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Piron, F.; Yassine, M.] Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univ & Particules Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier, France. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Chekhtman, A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cutini, S.] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Roma, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Ist Radioastron, INAF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Udine, Sez Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Funk, S.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Grenier, I. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CEA IRFU CNRS, Serv Astrophys,Lab AIM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Grove, J. E.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Guiriec, S.; Harding, A. K.; Perkins, J. S.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Guiriec, S.] NASA, Postdoctoral Program Fellow, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Hewitt, J. W.] Univ N Florida, Dept Phys, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Hou, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Observ, Kunming 650216, Peoples R China. [Hou, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Struct & Evolut Celestial Objects, Kunming 650216, Peoples R China. [Iafrate, G.] Osserv Astron Trieste, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Kamae, T.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, AlbaNova, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Space Sci IEEC CSIC, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Magill, J.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Magill, J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mitthumsiri, W.] Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Murgia, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Cosmol, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Razzano, M.] Univ & Res MIUR, Italian Minist Educ, FIRB RBFR12PM1F 2012, Rome, Italy. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reposeur, T.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Tibaldo, L.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain. [Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Cerutti, F.; Ferrari, A.] European Org Nucl Res CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Sala, P. R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RP Loparco, F; Mazziotta, MN (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.; Loparco, F (reprint author), Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. EM loparco@ba.infn.it; mazziotta@ba.infn.it RI Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; sala, paola/E-2868-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; OI Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Torres, Diego F./0000-0002-1522-9065; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; sala, paola/0000-0001-9859-5564; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Mazziotta, Mario Nicola/0000-0001-9325-4672; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration in the United States; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique in France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana in Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) in Japan; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) in Japan; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation in Sweden; Swedish Research Council in Sweden; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States; the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France is gratefully acknowledged. The authors acknowledge the use of HEALPix (http://healpix.jpl.nasa.gov/) described in Ref. [16]. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR 8 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 8 AR 082001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.93.082001 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA DI6BT UT WOS:000373584900002 ER PT J AU Qadri, SB Rath, BB Gorzkowski, EP Wollmershauser, JA Feng, CR AF Qadri, S. B. Rath, B. B. Gorzkowski, E. P. Wollmershauser, J. A. Feng, C. R. TI Nanostructured silicon nitride from wheat and rice husks SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CHARGE-TRANSFER; ALPHA-PHASE; BETA-PHASE; CARBIDE; HULLS; BETA-SI3N4; REDUCTION; NANOWIRES AB Nanoparticles, submicron-diameter tubes, and rods of Si3N4 were synthesized from the thermal treatment of wheat and rice husks at temperatures at and above 1300 degrees C in a nitrogen atmosphere. The whole pattern Rietveld analysis of the observed diffraction data from treatments at 1300 degrees C showed the formation of only hexagonal alpha-phase of Si3N4 with an R-factor of 1%, whereas samples treated at 1400 degrees C and above showed both alpha- and beta-phases with an R-factor of 2%. Transmission electron microscopy showed the presence of tubes, rods, and nanoparticles of Si3N4. In a two-step process, where pure SiC was produced first from rice or wheat husk in an argon atmosphere and subsequently treated in a nitrogen atmosphere at 1450 degrees C, a nanostructured composite material having alpha- and beta-phases of Si3N4 combined with cubic phase of SiC was formed. The thermodynamics of the formation of silicon nitride is discussed in terms of the solid state reaction between organic matter (silica content), which is inherently present in the wheat and rice husks, with the nitrogen from the furnace atmosphere. Nanostructures of silicon nitride formed by a single direct reaction or their composites with SiC formed in a two-step process of agricultural byproducts provide an uncomplicated sustainable synthesis route for silicon nitride used in mechanical, biotechnology, and electro-optic nanotechnology applications. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Qadri, S. B.; Rath, B. B.; Gorzkowski, E. P.; Wollmershauser, J. A.; Feng, C. R.] US Navy, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Component Technol Directorate, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Qadri, SB (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Component Technol Directorate, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 7 PY 2016 VL 119 IS 13 AR 134902 DI 10.1063/1.4945391 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DJ4BK UT WOS:000374150200024 ER PT J AU Tarnacka, M Kaminska, E Kaminski, K Roland, CM Paluch, M AF Tarnacka, Magdalena Kaminska, Ewa Kaminski, Kamil Roland, C. Michael Paluch, Marian TI Interplay between Core and Interfacial Mobility and Its Impact on the Measured Glass Transition: Dielectric and Calorimetric Studies SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID ULTRATHIN POLYSTYRENE FILMS; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; SEGMENTAL DYNAMICS; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; POLYMER-FILMS; CONFINEMENT; NANOPORES; TEMPERATURE; NANOSCALE AB The dynamics and thermodynamics of confined triphenyl phosphite (TPP) were studied using broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Geometric confinement in channels having length scales commensurate with the molecular size of TPP causes bifurcation of the dynamics: two populations are observed, distinguished by their reorientational mobilities and glass transition temperatures. Upon cooling, significant changes in the relaxation process and temperature dependence occur due to the slow vitrification of the molecules in close proximity to the interface. Such a kinetic aspect of glass formation is unusual. This surface interaction alleviates constraints on the molecules, allowing their glass transition to shift to lower temperatures. Simultaneously, it was observed that the structural relaxation process shifts to lower frequencies, and the distribution of the relaxation times becomes narrower upon annealing. This effect is especially visible at lower frequencies, indicating the decreasing contribution of those molecules characterized by slower dynamics. In addition, it was found that structural relaxation times, as well as the glass transition temperatures, can be significantly modified by annealing samples over a particular range of temperatures. This work facilitated the understanding of the interplay between different kinds of mobility and its impact on changes in the glass transition temperature for two-dimensional confined materials. C1 [Tarnacka, Magdalena; Kaminski, Kamil; Paluch, Marian] Univ Silesia, Inst Phys, Uniwersytecka 4, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. [Tarnacka, Magdalena; Kaminski, Kamil; Paluch, Marian] Univ Silesia, Silesian Ctr Educ & Interdisciplinary Res, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, PL-41500 Chorzow, Poland. [Kaminska, Ewa] Med Univ Silesia, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy & Phytochem, Div Lab Med Sosnowiec, Ul Jagiellonska 4, PL-41200 Sosnowiec, Poland. [Roland, C. Michael] Naval Res Lab, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kaminski, K (reprint author), Univ Silesia, Inst Phys, Uniwersytecka 4, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland.; Kaminski, K (reprint author), Univ Silesia, Silesian Ctr Educ & Interdisciplinary Res, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, PL-41500 Chorzow, Poland. EM kamil.kaminski@us.edu.pl FU Polish National Science Centre within the OPUS 9 project [2015/17/B/ST3/01195]; Office of Naval Research FX K.K. is thankful for financial support from the Polish National Science Centre within the OPUS 9 project (Dec no. 2015/17/B/ST3/01195). The work done at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 63 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 12 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD APR 7 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 13 BP 7373 EP 7380 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b12745 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DJ0AB UT WOS:000373862700051 ER PT J AU Casalini, R Zhu, L Baer, E Roland, CM AF Casalini, R. Zhu, L. Baer, E. Roland, C. M. TI Segmental dynamics and the correlation length in nanoconfined PMMA SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE Dynamics; Glass transition; Nanoconfinement ID COOPERATIVELY REARRANGING REGIONS; GLASS-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; POLYMER-FILMS; MULTILAYERED FILMS; FORMING LIQUIDS; T-G; RELAXATION; CRYSTALLIZATION; DEPENDENCE; CONFINEMENT AB We studied the segmental dynamics of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) in multi-layered films with polycarbonate (PC) having layer thicknesses as small as 4 nm. Such a design provides macroscopic dimensions enabling macroscopic measurements, while maintaining nm-scale confinement. Of particular significance, we were able to determine correlation length scales for the polymer under nanoconfinement. Increases of the local segmental relaxation time, tau(alpha), and glass transition temperature, T-g, were observed with decreasing layer thickness. However, neither the fragility (T-g-normalized temperature dependence of tau(alpha)) nor the breadth of the relaxation dispersion were affected by the geometric confinement. More significantly, the dynamic correlation volume, a measure of the degree of cooperativity of the dynamics, was also unaffected; that is, values of the correlation volume for confined PMMA were equal to those of the bulk polymer when compared at the same tau(alpha). This absence of an effect of geometric confinement on dynamic correlation, even when the confinement length scale approaches the correlation length scale, suggests a nonspherical correlation volume. The slowing of the segmental dynamics of PMMA confined to thin layers is due to admixing of the high T-g polycarbonate. A negligible mixing enthalpy gives rise to an extended interfacial region, which comprises a significant fraction of each layer. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Casalini, R.; Roland, C. M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zhu, L.; Baer, E.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Casalini, R (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM riccardo.casalini@nrl.navy.mil RI Zhu, Lei/C-8754-2013 OI Zhu, Lei/0000-0001-6570-9123 FU Office of Naval Research [332] FX The work at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research, in part by code 332. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 EI 1873-2291 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD APR 6 PY 2016 VL 88 BP 133 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.02.030 PG 4 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA DG8HI UT WOS:000372323400015 ER PT J AU Patel, MR Tamayo, S Yuan, Z Sicignano, N Hopf, K Peacock, F AF Patel, Manesh R. Tamayo, Sally Yuan, Zhong Sicignano, Nicholas Hopf, Kathleen Peacock, Frank TI MAJOR BLEEDING AMONG RIVAROXABAN USERS WITH NONVALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND DIABETES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 65th Annual Scientific Session and Expo of the American-College-of-Cardiology (ACC) CY APR 02-04, 2016 CL Chicago, IL SP Amer Coll Cardiol C1 [Patel, Manesh R.; Tamayo, Sally; Yuan, Zhong; Sicignano, Nicholas; Hopf, Kathleen; Peacock, Frank] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 EI 1558-3597 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD APR 5 PY 2016 VL 67 IS 13 SU S MA 1118-361 BP 733 EP 733 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA DK8PH UT WOS:000375188701577 ER PT J AU Rynne, P Reniers, A van de Kreeke, J MacMahan, J AF Rynne, Patrick Reniers, Ad van de Kreeke, Jacobus MacMahan, Jamie TI The effect of tidal exchange on residence time in a coastal embayment SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Residence time; Tidal exchange; Tidal inlets; Tidal flow; Inlets (waterways); Lagoons ID EXPOSURE TIME; WADDEN SEA; LAGOON; INLET; MODEL; BASINS; SCALES; BAY; AGE AB Numerical simulations of an idealized lagoon that is connected to the ocean via a tidal inlet show that the mean residence time is inversely proportional to tidal exchange. In the Delft3D model the tidal exchange is controlled by varying the inlet length, width and depth. These changes in the inlet geometry affect the tidal prism and the ebb/flood flow structure, which are shown to control the exchange of lagoon water with seawater. To map residence time within the lagoon, a new method that implements dye tracer is developed and shows that the tidally averaged residence time exhibits significant spatial variability. For inlet systems in which, as a first approximation, the lagoon can be described by a uniformly fluctuating water level, a simple transport model is developed to elucidate the specific processes that control tidal exchange and their effect on residence time. In this transport model tidal exchange is decomposed into two fractions, an ocean exchange fraction and a lagoon exchange fraction. It is shown that both fractions need to be included to better describe tidal exchange. Specifically, inclusion of a lagoon exchange fraction improves previous tidal prism models that assume complete mixing in the lagoon. The assumption of complete mixing results in an under-prediction of residence time. Relating the spatially averaged residence time results to the exchange fractions for each inlet geometry show that the residence time is inversely proportional to the product of the tidal exchange fractions. For these single inlet systems, Keulegan's 0-D hydrodynamic model shows good agreement with Delft3D in predicting the tidal prism, maximum flow velocity, and exchange fractions. With these parameters, estimates of the mean residence time can be reached through a relationship derived from the simple transport model. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rynne, Patrick; van de Kreeke, Jacobus] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Reniers, Ad] Delft Univ Technol, Mekelweg 5, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands. [MacMahan, Jamie] Naval Postgrad Sch, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Rynne, P (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM patrickrynne@gmail.com FU National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate Fellowship; Office of Naval Research [N000141110376, N0001411WX20962, N0001412WX20498] FX We thank the National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate Fellowship and the Office of Naval Research (N000141110376; N0001411WX20962; N0001412WX20498) for funding this work. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0272-7714 EI 1096-0015 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD APR 5 PY 2016 VL 172 BP 108 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2016.02.001 PG 13 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA DJ6ZH UT WOS:000374361200010 ER PT J AU Mahoney, CM Kelly, RT Alexander, L Newburn, M Bader, S Ewing, RG Fahey, AJ Atkinson, DA Beagley, N AF Mahoney, Christine M. Kelly, Ryan T. Alexander, Liz Newburn, Matt Bader, Sydney Ewing, Robert G. Fahey, Albert J. Atkinson, David A. Beagley, Nathaniel TI Bayesian Integration and Classification of Composition C-4 Plastic Explosives Based on Time-of-Flight-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry and Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PARTIAL LEAST-SQUARES; TOF-SIMS; ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS; PAPER; QUANTIFICATION; DISCRIMINATION; FINGERPRINTS; INKS AB Time-of-flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) were used for characterization and identification of unique signatures from a series of 18 Composition C-4 plastic explosives. The samples were obtained from various commercial and military sources around the country. Positive and negative ion TOF-SIMS data were acquired directly from the C-4 residue on Si surfaces, where the positive ion mass spectra obtained were consistent with the major composition of organic additives, and the negative ion mass spectra were more consistent with explosive content in the C-4 samples. Each series of mass spectra was subjected to partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), a multivariate statistical analysis approach which serves to first find the areas of maximum variance within different classes of C-4 and subsequently to classify unknown samples based on correlations between the unknown data set and the original data set (often referred to as a training data set). This method was able to successfully classify test samples of C-4, though with a limited degree of certainty. The classification accuracy of the method was further improved by integrating the positive and negative ion data using a Bayesian approach. The TOF-SIMS data was combined with a second analytical method, LA-ICPMS, which was used to analyze elemental signatures in the C-4. The integrated data were able to classify test samples with a high degree of certainty. Results indicate that this Bayesian integrated approach constitutes a robust classification method that should be employable even in dirty samples collected in the field. C1 [Mahoney, Christine M.; Kelly, Ryan T.; Alexander, Liz; Newburn, Matt; Bader, Sydney] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Ewing, Robert G.; Fahey, Albert J.; Atkinson, David A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Natl Secur Directorate, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Beagley, Nathaniel] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Mahoney, Christine M.] Corning Inc, SP FR-018, Corning, NY 14831 USA. [Fahey, Albert J.] US Naval Res Lab, Code 6367,Bldg 222,Room 257,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mahoney, CM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; Mahoney, CM (reprint author), Corning Inc, SP FR-018, Corning, NY 14831 USA. EM mahoneycm@corning.com FU Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX We would like to acknowledge Michelle Evans from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) for providing PNNL with C-4 samples studied in this work. The research was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Finally, the authors would like to acknowledge Dan Graham, Ph.D., University of Washington, for the development and use of software that was used in this study to characterize and tabulate mass spectral data. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD APR 5 PY 2016 VL 88 IS 7 BP 3598 EP 3607 DI 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04151 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA DI7CI UT WOS:000373656300027 PM 26913559 ER PT J AU Giordano, BC Field, CR Andrews, B Lubrano, A Woytowitz, M Rogers, D Collins, GE AF Giordano, Braden C. Field, Christopher R. Andrews, Benjamin Lubrano, Adam Woytowitz, Morgan Rogers, Duane Collins, Greg E. TI Trace Explosives Vapor Generation and Quantitation at Parts per Quadrillion Concentrations SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-DESORPTION INSTRUMENTATION; DEPOSITION CALIBRATION METHOD; SELECTIVE DETECTION; PHASE; RDX; TNT; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; SPECTROMETRY; TETRANITRATE; FILMS AB The generation of trace 2,4,6 -trinitrotoluene (TNT), cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) vapors using a pneumatically modulated liquid delivery system (PMLDS) coupled to a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) total-consumption micronebulizer is presented. The vapor generator operates in a continuous manner with final vapor concentrations proportional to the explosive concentration in aqueous solution delivered through the nebulizer and the diluent air flow rate. For quantitation of concentrations in the parts per billion(volume) (ppb(v)) to parts per trillion(volume) (pptr(v)) range, Tenax-TA thermal desorption tubes were used for vapor collection with subsequent analysis on a thermal-desorption system programmable-temperature vaporization gas chromatograph (TDS-PTV-GC) with a mu-ECD detector. With 30 min sample times and an average sampling rate of 100 mL min(-1), vapor concentrations of 38 pptr(v) for TNT, 25 pptr(v) for RDX, and 26 pptr(v) for PETN were determined. For parts per quadrillion(volume) (ppq(v)) vapor quantitation of TNT and RDX, an online PTV-GC system with a negative-ion chemical ionization mass spectrometer (methane reagent gas) was used for direct sampling and capture of the vapor on the PTV inlet. Vapor concentrations as low as 160 ppq(v) and 710 ppq(v) for TNT and RDX were quantified, respectively, with an instrument duty cycle as low as 4 min. C1 [Giordano, Braden C.; Field, Christopher R.; Rogers, Duane; Collins, Greg E.] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Andrews, Benjamin; Lubrano, Adam; Woytowitz, Morgan] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Giordano, BC (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM braden.giordano@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate, Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects Agency, Explosives Division FX The authors would like to acknowledge the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate, Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects Agency, Explosives Division, for funding this research. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD APR 5 PY 2016 VL 88 IS 7 BP 3747 EP 3753 DI 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04581 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA DI7CI UT WOS:000373656300045 PM 26971624 ER PT J AU Bucciarelli, M Mackiewicz, R Khemlani, SS Johnson-Laird, PN AF Bucciarelli, Monica Mackiewicz, Robert Khemlani, Sangeet S. Johnson-Laird, Philip N. TI Children's creation of algorithms: simulations and gestures SO JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gestures; mental models; algorithmic reasoning; Abduction; mental simulation ID LATENT VARIABLE ANALYSIS; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; MENTAL MODELS; SPEECH; AGE; REPRESENTATION; SYSTEMS; TOWER; MATH AB Experiments showed that children are able to create algorithms, that is, sequences of operations that solve problems, and that their gestures help them to do so. The theory of mental models, which is implemented in a computer program, postulates that the creation of algorithms depends on mental simulations that unfold in time. Gestures are outward signs of moves and they help the process. We tested 10-year-old children, because they can plan, and because they gesture more than adults. They were able to rearrange the order of 6 cars in a train (using a siding), and the difficulty of the task depended on the number of moves in minimal solutions (Experiment 1). They were also able to devise informal algorithms to rearrange the order of cars when they were not allowed to move the cars, and the difficulty of the task depended on the complexity of the algorithms (Experiment 2). When children were prevented from gesturing as they formulated algorithms, the accuracy of their algorithms declined by13% (Experiment 3). We discuss the implications of these results. C1 [Bucciarelli, Monica] Univ Turin, Ctr Cognit Sci, Turin, Italy. [Bucciarelli, Monica] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Psicol, Turin, Italy. [Mackiewicz, Robert] Univ Social Sci & Humanities, Dept Psychol, Chodakowska 19-31, Warsaw, Poland. [Khemlani, Sangeet S.] Naval Res Lab, Navy Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Johnson-Laird, Philip N.] Princeton Univ, Psychol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Johnson-Laird, Philip N.] NYU, Dept Psychol, 301 E 22nd St, New York, NY USA. RP Bucciarelli, M (reprint author), Univ Turin, Ctr Cognit Sci, Turin, Italy.; Bucciarelli, M (reprint author), Univ Turin, Dipartimento Psicol, Turin, Italy. EM monica.bucciarelli@unito.it FU Italian Ministry of Education University and Research [2010RP5RNM]; Polish National Science Centre [2014/14/M/HS6/00916]; Jerome and Isabella Karle Fellowship from the Naval Research Laboratory; National Science Foundation [SES 0844851] FX This research was supported by the Italian Ministry of Education University and Research [Grant 2010RP5RNM] (to M. B.) to study problem solving and decision making, by the Polish National Science Centre [Grant 2014/14/M/HS6/00916] (to RM), by a Jerome and Isabella Karle Fellowship from the Naval Research Laboratory (to S.S.K.), and by the National Science Foundation [Grant SES 0844851] (to P.N. J-L.) to study deductive and probabilistic reasoning. We thank Linden Ball, Ruth Byrne, Sam Glucksberg, Adele Goldberg, Geoffrey Goodwin, Louis Lee, David Lobina, Max Lotstein, Paula Rubio, Carlos Santamaria, and three anonymous reviewers for advice. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 2044-5911 EI 2044-592X J9 J COGN PSYCHOL JI J. Cogn. Psychol. PD APR 2 PY 2016 VL 28 IS 3 BP 297 EP 318 DI 10.1080/20445911.2015.1134541 PG 22 WC Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA DI9WE UT WOS:000373852600003 ER PT J AU Turner, KB Alves, NJ Medintz, IL Walper, SA AF Turner, Kendrick B. Alves, Nathan J. Medintz, Igor L. Walper, Scott A. TI Improving the targeting of therapeutics with single-domain antibodies SO EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DELIVERY LA English DT Review ID SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; UNNATURAL AMINO-ACIDS; DRUG-DELIVERY; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; RADIONUCLIDE THERAPY; PHOTOTHERMAL THERAPY; CANCER-THERAPY; NANOPARTICLES; NANOBODY; FRAGMENTS C1 [Turner, Kendrick B.; Medintz, Igor L.; Walper, Scott A.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Alves, Nathan J.] CNR, Res Associate Program, Washington, DC 20418 USA. RP Walper, SA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM scott.walper@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory Office of Naval Research Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX Funding was received from Naval Research Laboratory Office of Naval Research Defense Threat Reduction Agency. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed NR 67 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 40 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-5247 EI 1744-7593 J9 EXPERT OPIN DRUG DEL JI Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. PD APR 2 PY 2016 VL 13 IS 4 BP 561 EP 570 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DG4XF UT WOS:000372075800001 PM 26689649 ER PT J AU Gough, MK Reniers, AJHM MacMahan, JH Howden, SD AF Gough, Matt K. Reniers, A. J. H. M. MacMahan, Jamie H. Howden, Stephan D. TI Resonant near-surface inertial oscillations in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID WEST FLORIDA SHELF; TEXAS-LOUISIANA SHELF; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; SEA-BREEZE; CRITICAL LATITUDE; DESOTO CANYON; FORCED-OSCILLATIONS; WAVE-PROPAGATION; LINEAR-THEORY; ANNUAL CYCLE AB The inertial frequency is nearly diurnal at 308N latitude which transects the northeastern Gulf of Mexico (NeGoM). At this latitude, near-surface inertial oscillations can amplify due to resonance with diurnal wind forcing. Diurnal oscillations have also been attributed to diurnal tidal forcing in this region. Because tidal forcing, wind forcing, and inertial oscillations are nearly diurnal, a unique series of comparative analyses are required to determine their relative influence on surface circulation. By comparing surface currents obtained by HF radar to predictions of the inertial response to wind forcing and barotropic tidal currents, it is found that diurnal oscillations in the NeGoM were predominantly due to wind-forced inertial oscillations in June 2010. The analyses provide a unique spatiotemporal perspective of inertial oscillations in the NeGoM where there is evidence of propagation, frequency and phase shifts, and amplitude variability. Because inertial oscillations mix the ocean differently than the tides, these results provide insight into how inertial oscillations potentially mixed oil from the Deepwater Horizon spill in June 2010. Near-diurnal oscillations during the winter were found to be predominantly due to tidal forcing when wind-driven inertial oscillations were diminished due to a presumably deeper mixed layer. C1 [Gough, Matt K.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Appl Marine Phys, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Reniers, A. J. H. M.] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Hydraul Engn, Delft, Netherlands. [MacMahan, Jamie H.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA USA. [Howden, Stephan D.] Univ Southern Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Hattiesburg, MS USA. RP Gough, MK (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Appl Marine Phys, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM mgough@rsmas.miami.edu FU Consortium for Advanced Research on Transport of Hydrocarbon in the Environment (CARTHE) through Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (GoMRI) FX This project was funded by the Consortium for Advanced Research on Transport of Hydrocarbon in the Environment (CARTHE) through the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (GoMRI), and was inspired by observations made during the CARTHE Grand Lagrangian Deployment (GLAD). We would like to thank the reviewers for their time, thoughtful suggestions, and contributions to this manuscript. Stephan Howden, Jamie Davis, and the rest of the HF radar team at University of Southern Mississippi maintain the radars, and provided the HF radar data. The HF radar data, GLAD shipboard ADCP data, and CTD data are available on the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Information and Data Cooperative (GRIIDC) website: (1) Surface Current Data from USM CODAR High Frequency Radar (doi:10.7266/N7KP803Z, udi:R1.x134.073:0036), (2) CARTHE: GLAD experiment near surface along-track ADCP measurements, northern Gulf of Mexico, July-August 2012 (doi:10.7266/N7TX3C9W), and (3) CARTHE: GLAD experiment CTD casts, northern Gulf of Mexico near DeSoto Canyon, July-August 2012 (doi:10.7266/N73X84KZ). Conversations with Timor Radko (Naval Postgraduate School) were helpful and insightful. NR 65 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD APR PY 2016 VL 121 IS 4 BP 2163 EP 2182 DI 10.1002/2015JC011372 PG 20 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DW2HA UT WOS:000383462300007 ER PT J AU Allen, MR Kim, JJ Agrawal, BN AF Allen, Matthew R. Kim, Jae Jun Agrawal, Brij N. TI Correction of an active space telescope mirror using a deformable mirror in a woofer-tweeter configuration SO JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPES INSTRUMENTS AND SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE segmented mirror telescope; dual-deformable mirror; woofer-tweeter; space telescope; adaptive optics; active optics; wavefront control ID OPTICS AB The Naval Postgraduate School's segmented mirror telescope (SMT) was developed using prototype silicon carbide active hybrid mirror technology to demonstrate lower cost and rapid manufacture of primary mirror segments for a space telescope. The developmental mirror segments used too few actuators limiting the ability to adequately correct the surface figure error. To address the unintended shortfall of the developmental mirrors, a deformable mirror is added to the SMT and control techniques are developed. The control techniques are similar to woofer-tweeter adaptive optics, where the SMT segment represents the woofer and the deformable mirror represents the tweeter. The optical design of an SMT woofer-tweeter system is presented, and the impacts of field angle magnification on the placement and size of the deformable mirror are analyzed. A space telescope woofer-tweeter wavefront control technique is proposed using a global influence matrix and closed-loop constrained minimization controller. The control technique simultaneously manipulates the woofer and tweeter mirrors. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate a significant improvement in wavefront error of the primary mirror and the control technique shows significant wavefront error improvement compared to sequentially controlling the woofer and tweeter mirrors. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI. C1 [Allen, Matthew R.; Kim, Jae Jun; Agrawal, Brij N.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Spacecraft Res Design Ctr, Mech & Aerosp Engn, 700 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kim, JJ (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Spacecraft Res Design Ctr, Mech & Aerosp Engn, 700 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jki1@nps.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 2329-4124 EI 2329-4221 J9 J ASTRON TELESC INST JI J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst. PD APR PY 2016 VL 2 IS 2 AR 029001 DI 10.1117/1.JATIS.2.2.029001 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA DV7OV UT WOS:000383126900008 ER PT J AU Sorrentino, F Pecora, LM Hagerstrom, AM Murphy, TE Roy, R AF Sorrentino, Francesco Pecora, Louis M. Hagerstrom, Aaron M. Murphy, Thomas E. Roy, Rajarshi TI Complete characterization of the stability of cluster synchronization in complex dynamical networks SO SCIENCE ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS AB Synchronization is an important and prevalent phenomenon in natural and engineered systems. In many dynamical networks, the coupling is balanced or adjusted to admit global synchronization, a condition called Laplacian coupling. Many networks exhibit incomplete synchronization, where two or more clusters of synchronization persist, and computational group theory has recently proved to be valuable in discovering these cluster states based on the topology of the network. In the important case of Laplacian coupling, additional synchronization patterns can exist that would not be predicted from the group theory analysis alone. Understanding how and when clusters form, merge, and persist is essential for understanding collective dynamics, synchronization, and failure mechanisms of complex networks such as electric power grids, distributed control networks, and autonomous swarming vehicles. We describe a method to find and analyze all of the possible cluster synchronization patterns in a Laplacian-coupled network, by applying methods of computational group theory to dynamically equivalent networks. We present a general technique to evaluate the stability of each of the dynamically valid cluster synchronization patterns. Our results are validated in an optoelectronic experiment on a five-node network that confirms the synchronization patterns predicted by the theory. C1 [Sorrentino, Francesco] Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Pecora, Louis M.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hagerstrom, Aaron M.; Murphy, Thomas E.; Roy, Rajarshi] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hagerstrom, Aaron M.; Murphy, Thomas E.; Roy, Rajarshi] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Murphy, Thomas E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Roy, Rajarshi] Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Sorrentino, F (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM fsorrent@unm.edu OI Murphy, Thomas/0000-0002-8286-3832 NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 2375-2548 J9 SCI ADV JI Sci. Adv. PD APR PY 2016 VL 2 IS 4 AR e1501737 DI 10.1126/sciadv.1501737 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR7IB UT WOS:000380072100034 PM 27152349 ER PT J AU Sanchez-Diaz, E Rouillard, AP Lavraud, B Segura, K Tao, C Pinto, R Sheeley, NR Plotnikov, I AF Sanchez-Diaz, Eduardo Rouillard, Alexis P. Lavraud, Benoit Segura, Kevin Tao, Chihiro Pinto, Rui Sheeley, N. R., Jr. Plotnikov, Illya TI The very slow solar wind: Properties, origin and variability SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HELIUM ABUNDANCE; 3-DIMENSIONAL MODEL; COROTATING STREAMS; 1 AU; HYDRODYNAMIC STREAMS; CORONAL STREAMERS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; PLASMA; SPEED; CYCLE AB Solar wind slower than 300 km/s, hereafter termed very slow solar wind (VSSW), is seldom observed at 1 AU. It was, however, commonly measured inside 0.7 AU by the two Helios spacecraft, particularly during solar maximum. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modeling reveals that the disappearance of VSSW at 1 AU is the result of its interaction with faster solar wind. The acceleration and compression of the VSSW contributes to the observed highly variable structure of the slow solar wind at 1 AU. The VSSW usually contains the heliospheric plasma sheet and current sheet. It has higher density and lower temperature than the regular slow solar wind, extending the known scaling laws below 300 km/s. Its helium abundance increases with solar activity even more significantly than the slow solar wind. Contrary to faster solar winds, the helium ions in the VSSW are slower than the dominant protons. Combining a Potential Field Source Surface (PFSS) model with ballistic back tracing, we study the source region of the VSSW. We show that the proton density flux for the VSSW is much higher than for the faster winds, particularly at solar maximum. C1 [Sanchez-Diaz, Eduardo; Rouillard, Alexis P.; Lavraud, Benoit; Segura, Kevin; Tao, Chihiro; Pinto, Rui; Plotnikov, Illya] Univ Toulouse 3, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, Toulouse, France. [Sanchez-Diaz, Eduardo; Rouillard, Alexis P.; Lavraud, Benoit; Segura, Kevin; Tao, Chihiro; Pinto, Rui; Plotnikov, Illya] CNRS, UMR 5277, Toulouse, France. [Tao, Chihiro] Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Tokyo, Japan. [Sheeley, N. R., Jr.] Naval Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC USA. RP Sanchez-Diaz, E (reprint author), Univ Toulouse 3, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, Toulouse, France.; Sanchez-Diaz, E (reprint author), CNRS, UMR 5277, Toulouse, France. EM eduardo.sanchez-diaz@irap.omp.eu FU European Union within the Seventh Framework Programme for Research (FP7 project) [606692] FX This work has been done in the frame of the HELCATS project (http://www.hel-cats-fp7.eu), funded by the European Union within the Seventh Framework Programme for Research (FP7 project 606692). We would like to thank the Helios team and NASA's National Space Science Data Center, Space Physics Data Facility, for supplying the plasma and magnetic field data (ftp://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/helios/), the Mount Wilson Observatory (http://obs.astro.ucla.edu/intro.html), and the Wilcox Solar Observatory for providing the Carrington maps (http://wso.stanford.edu/synopticl.html). We acknowledge Yi-Ming Wang, of the Naval Research Laboratory, for providing the PFSS reconstructions. We acknowledge usage of the tools made available by the French plasma physics data center (Centre de Donnees de la Physique des Plasmas; CDPP; http://cdpp.eu/), CNES and the space weather team in Toulouse (Solar-Terrestrial Observations and Modelling Service; STORMS). This includes the data mining tools AMDA (http://amda.cdpp.eu/) and the CLWEB tool (clweb.cesr.fr/). NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD APR PY 2016 VL 121 IS 4 BP 2830 EP 2841 DI 10.1002/2016JA022433 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DR5RO UT WOS:000379960300002 ER PT J AU Rohlfs, C Sullivan, R Kniesner, TJ AF Rohlfs, Chris Sullivan, Ryan Kniesner, Thomas J. TI Reducing risks in wartime through capital-labor substitution: Evidence from World War II SO JOURNAL OF RISK AND UNCERTAINTY LA English DT Article DE Value of a statistical life (VSL); Military; World War II; Capital-labor substitution; Fatality risk; Cost-benefit analysis ID LIFE AB Our research uses data from multiple archival sources to examine substitution among armored (tank-intensive), infantry (troop-intensive), and airborne (also troop-intensive) military units, as well as mid-war reorganizations of each type, to estimate the marginal cost of reducing U.S. fatalities in World War II, holding constant mission effectiveness, usage intensity, and task difficulty. If the government acted as though it equated marginal benefits and costs, the marginal cost measures the implicit value placed on soldiers' lives. Our preferred estimates indicate that infantrymen's lives were valued in 2009 dollars between $0 and $0.5 million and armored troops' lives were valued between $2 million and $6 million, versus the efficient $1 million to $2 million 1940s-era private value of life. Reorganizations of the armored and airborne C1 [Rohlfs, Chris] Morgan Stanley, New York, NY USA. [Sullivan, Ryan] US Naval Postgrad Sch, 231 Halligan Hall, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Kniesner, Thomas J.] Claremont Grad Univ, Claremont, CA USA. [Kniesner, Thomas J.] Syracuse Univ, Maxwell Sch Citizenship & Publ Affairs, Dept Econ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Kniesner, Thomas J.] IZA, Bonn, Germany. RP Sullivan, R (reprint author), US Naval Postgrad Sch, 231 Halligan Hall, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM rssulliv@nps.edu FU National Bureau of Economic Research; Maxwell School of Syracuse University FX The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. Distribution for this article is unlimited. Special thanks for generous financial assistance from the National Bureau of Economic Research and the Maxwell School of Syracuse University and for data generously provided by The Dupuy Institute. Thanks also for expert research assistance provided by Jeremy Goucher, Siddhartha Gottipamula, Caleb Sheldon, Melanie Zilora, the National Archives and Records Administration, and Santosh Gurlahosur and Ashim Roy of Comat Technologies. This paper benefited very much from help and guidance from people too numerous to list but particularly from Michael Greenstone, Mark Duggan, Steve Levitt, and Casey Mulligan, and from Richard Anderson, Marty Feldstein, Rodney Row, Chris Lawrence, and an anonymous referee. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0895-5646 EI 1573-0476 J9 J RISK UNCERTAINTY JI J. Risk Uncertain. PD APR PY 2016 VL 52 IS 2 BP 163 EP 190 DI 10.1007/s11166-016-9238-7 PG 28 WC Business, Finance; Economics SC Business & Economics GA DP2XU UT WOS:000378357600004 ER PT J AU Foraker, J Lee, S Polak, E AF Foraker, Joseph Lee, Seungho Polak, Elijah TI Validation of a Strategy for Harbor Defense Based on the Use of a Min-Max Algorithm Receding Horizon Control Law SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS LA English DT Article DE harbor defense; receding horizon control; defense-intrusion game ID PLANT UNCERTAINTY; INPUT SATURATION; LINEAR-SYSTEMS; CHANNEL AB We present a validation of a centralized feedback control law for robotic or partially robotic water craft whose task is to defend a harbor from an intruding fleet of water craft. Our work was motivated by the need to provide harbor defenses against hostile, possibly suicidal intruders, preferably using unmanned craft to limit potential casualties. Our feedback control law is a sample-data receding horizon control law, which requires the solution of a complex max-min problem at the start of each sample time. In developing this control law, we had to deal with three challenges. The first was to develop a max-min problem that captures realistically the nature of the defense-intrusion game. The second was to ensure the solution of this max-min problem can be accomplished in a small fraction of the sample time that would be needed to control a possibly fast moving craft. The third, to which this article is dedicated, was to validate the effectiveness of our control law first through computer simulations pitting a computer against a computer or a computer against a human, then through the use of model hovercraft in a laboratory, and finally on the Chesapeake Bay, using Yard Patrol boats. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Foraker, Joseph] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Lee, Seungho] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Polak, Elijah] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Foraker, J (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM foraker@usna.edu FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [MURI FA9550-10-1-0573]; NSF [1016989] FX This work was supported in part by U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) under grant number MURI FA9550-10-1-0573 and NSF under grant number 1016989. The authors wish to thank J. O. Royset and Vijay Kamble for providing them with the probabilistic model, as well as many useful comments. The authors would also like to thank LCDR Ryan Rogers, USN, and LCDR Peter Ware, Royal Navy, for their help in scheduling the YP boats for our tests. Finally, the authors would like to thank the following Naval Academy midshipmen for their assistance during the tests on the Chesapeake Bay: Shane Dubord, Cameron Field, Jacob Hilliard, and Batyrbek Kantarbayev. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-069X EI 1520-6750 J9 NAV RES LOG JI Nav. Res. Logist. PD APR PY 2016 VL 63 IS 3 BP 247 EP 259 DI 10.1002/nav.21687 PG 13 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA DO9ZI UT WOS:000378146400004 ER PT J AU Smith, AN Jankowski, NR Boteler, LM AF Smith, Andrew N. Jankowski, Nicholas R. Boteler, Lauren M. TI Measurement of High-Performance Thermal Interfaces Using a Reduced Scale Steady-State Tester and Infrared Microscopy SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE thermal interface resistance; thermal interface materials; contact resistance; infrared microscopy; heat transfer ID CARBON NANOTUBE ARRAYS; NANOCOMPOSITES AB Thermal interface materials (TIMs) have reached values approaching the measurement uncertainty of standard ASTM D5470 based testers of approximately +/- 1 x 10(-6) m(2) K/W. This paper presents a miniature ASTM/type steady-state tester that was developed to address the resolution limits of standard testers by reducing the heat meter bar thickness and using infrared (IR) thermography to measure the temperature gradient along the heat meter bar. Thermal interfacial resistance measurements on the order of 1 x 10(-6) m(2) K/W with an order of magnitude improvement in the uncertainty of +/- 1 x 10(-7) m(2) K/W are demonstrated. These measurements were made on several TIMs with a thermal resistance as low as 1.14 x 10(-6) m(2) K/W. C1 [Smith, Andrew N.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Jankowski, Nicholas R.; Boteler, Lauren M.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Smith, AN (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM ansmith@usna.edu; nicholas.r.jankowski.civ@mail.mil; lauren.m.boteler.civ@mail.mil NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0022-1481 EI 1528-8943 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 2016 VL 138 IS 4 AR 041301 DI 10.1115/1.4032172 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA DO8XB UT WOS:000378067700001 ER PT J AU Knight, H Broutman, D Eckermann, SD AF Knight, H. Broutman, D. Eckermann, S. D. TI Generalized stationary phase approximations for mountain waves SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL WAVES; LINEAR-THEORY; LEE WAVES; PARAMETERIZATION; ATMOSPHERE; OCEAN AB Large altitude asymptotic approximations are derived for vertical displacements due to mountain waves generated by hydrostatic wind flow over arbitrary topography. This leads to new asymptotic analytic expressions for wave-induced vertical displacement for mountains with an elliptical Gaussian shape and with the major axis oriented at any angle relative to the background wind. The motivation is to understand local maxima in vertical displacement amplitude at a given height for elliptical mountains aligned at oblique angles to the wind direction, as identified in Eckermann et al. ["Effects of horizontal geometrical spreading on the parameterization of orographic gravity-wave drag. Part 1: Numerical transform solutions," J. Atmos. Sci. 72, 2330-2347 (2015)]. The standard stationary phase method reproduces one type of local amplitude maximum that migrates downwind with increasing altitude. Another type of local amplitude maximum stays close to the vertical axis over the center of the mountain, and a new generalized stationary phase method is developed to describe this other type of local amplitude maximum and the horizontal variation of wave-induced vertical displacement near the vertical axis of the mountain in the large altitude limit. The new generalized stationary phase method describes the asymptotic behavior of integrals where the asymptotic parameter is raised to two different powers (1/2 and 1) rather than just one power as in the standard stationary phase method. The vertical displacement formulas are initially derived assuming a uniform background wind but are extended to accommodate both vertical shear with a fixed wind direction and vertical variations in the buoyancy frequency. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Knight, H.; Broutman, D.] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. [Eckermann, S. D.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Knight, H (reprint author), Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. EM knight@cpi.com FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Departmental Research Initiative "Unified Physical Parameterizations for Seasonal Prediction" [N0001412WX21321]; NRL 6.1 work unit "The Boundary Paradox"; National Science Foundation [AGS-1338557] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Departmental Research Initiative "Unified Physical Parameterizations for Seasonal Prediction" Grant No. N0001412WX21321, by the Chief of Naval Research through the NRL 6.1 work unit "The Boundary Paradox," and by the National Science Foundation Grant No. AGS-1338557. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 EI 1089-7666 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD APR PY 2016 VL 28 IS 4 AR 046601 DI 10.1063/1.4944853 PG 16 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA DO3UZ UT WOS:000377709000042 ER PT J AU Arwade, SR Deodatis, G Teferra, K AF Arwade, Sanjay R. Deodatis, George Teferra, Kirubel TI Variability response functions for apparent material properties SO PROBABILISTIC ENGINEERING MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Computational Stochastic Mechanics (CSM) CY JUN 15-18, 2014 CL GREECE DE Homogenization; Effective properties; Apparent properties; Finite element analysis; Random heterogeneous materials; Variability response function; Probabilistic mechanics ID REPRESENTATIVE VOLUME ELEMENT; RANDOMNESS AB The computation of apparent material properties for a random heterogeneous material requires the assumption of a solution field on a finite domain over which the apparent properties are to be computed. In this paper the assumed solution field is taken to be that defined by the shape functions that underpin the finite element method and it is shown that the variance of the apparent properties calculated using the shape functions to define the solution field can be expressed in terms of a variability response function (VRF) that is independent of the marginal distribution and spectral density function of the underlying random heterogeneous material property field. The variance of apparent material properties can be an important consideration in problems where the domain over which the apparent properties are computed is smaller than the representative volume element and the approach introduced here provides an efficient means of calculating that variance and performing sensitivity studies with respect to the characteristics of the material property field. The approach is illustrated using examples involving heat transfer problems and finite elements with linear and nonlinear shape functions and in one and two dimensions. Features of the VRF are described, including dependency on shape and scale of the finite element and the order of the shape functions. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Arwade, Sanjay R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 130 Nat Resources Rd, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Deodatis, George] Columbia Univ, Dept Civil Engn & Engn Mech, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Teferra, Kirubel] US Naval Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC USA. RP Arwade, SR (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 130 Nat Resources Rd, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM arwade@umass.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-8920 EI 1878-4275 J9 PROBABILIST ENG MECH JI Probab. Eng. Eng. Mech. PD APR PY 2016 VL 44 SI SI BP 28 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.probengmech.2015.10.010 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Mechanics; Mathematics GA DO4DN UT WOS:000377732100004 ER PT J AU Barkate, J Flachsbart, M Hays, Z Fellows, M Barlow, J Baylis, C Cohen, L Marks, RJ AF Barkate, Joseph Flachsbart, Matthew Hays, Zachary Fellows, Matthew Barlow, Jennifer Baylis, Charles Cohen, Lawrence Marks, Robert J., II TI Fast, Simultaneous Optimization of Power Amplifier Input Power and Load Impedance for Power-Added Efficiency and Adjacent-Channel Power Ratio Using the Power Smith Tube SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID RADAR WAVE-FORMS; PULL OPTIMIZATION; MATCHING NETWORK; ALGORITHM; DESIGN; CHART AB Reconfigurable adaptive amplifiers are expected to be a critical component of future adaptive and cognitive radar transmitters. This paper details an algorithm to simultaneously optimize input power and load reflection coefficient of a power amplifier device to obtain the largest power-added efficiency (PAE) possible under a predefined constraint on adjacent-channel power ratio (ACPR). The vector-based search relies on estimation of the PAE and ACPR gradients in the three-dimensional power Smith tube. Accurate convergence to the optimum impedance in the Smith chart is demonstrated in simulation and measurement search experiments requiring between 20 and 60 experimental queries. This paper presents a fast search to jointly optimize the input power level and load impedance. This method is feasible for future implementation in real-time reconfigurable power amplifiers. C1 [Barkate, Joseph; Flachsbart, Matthew; Hays, Zachary; Fellows, Matthew; Barlow, Jennifer; Baylis, Charles; Marks, Robert J., II] Baylor Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, One Bear Pl 97356, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Cohen, Lawrence] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cohen, Lawrence] US Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Baylis, C (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, One Bear Pl 97356, Waco, TX 76798 USA. EM Charles_Baylis@Baylor.edu FU National Science Foundation [ECCS-1343316] FX This work has been funded under a grant from the National Science Foundation (Award ECCS-1343316). NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9251 EI 1557-9603 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD APR PY 2016 VL 52 IS 2 BP 928 EP 937 DI 10.1109/TAES.2015.150335 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA DN9PV UT WOS:000377412800032 ER PT J AU Ko, DS Chao, SY Wu, CC Lin, II Jan, S AF Ko, Dong S. Chao, Shenn-Yu Wu, Chun-Chieh Lin, I-I Jan, Sen TI Impacts of Tides and Typhoon Fanapi (2010) on Seas Around Taiwan SO TERRESTRIAL ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Typhoon Fanapi; Typhoon-Ocean interaction; Typhoon induced upwelling ID KALMAN FILTER ENKF; EAST CHINA SEA; PREDICTION SYSTEM; DATA ASSIMILATION; OCEAN RESPONSE; BOUNDARY-LAYER; COLD DOME; PART I; NORTH; STRAIT AB We used satellite data, typhoon-resolving atmospheric forcing and a data assimilating ocean model, the East Asian Seas Nowcast/Forecast System (EASNFS), to investigate circulation and three upwelling regions perturbed by tides and Typhoon Fanapi (2010) in the seas around Taiwan. The three upwelling areas located off northeast Taiwan, off southeast China and over the Penghu Channel off southwest Taiwan are normally limited in expanse before Fanapi. The tidal currents enhance all three. To cope with typhoon strength atmospheric forcing, we applied typhoon-resolving Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model wind fields that significantly enhanced Fanapi-induced upwelling. Approaching Taiwan, Fanapi induces a cold wake spreading preferably on the right side of the essentially westward running track in the western Pacific. The three upwelling areas in the East China Sea and Taiwan Strait subsequently become expansive as Fanapi approaches and enters the Taiwan Strait. The mechanisms leading to normal or Fanapi-perturbed upwelling and circulation in seas around Taiwan, especially the latter two mentioned above, are suggested. In essence, Fanapi disrupts circulation in the Taiwan Strait, and also the Taiwan Strait outflow entering the East China Sea, leading to expanded upwelling areas. We also suggest that high-resolution wind and tides application is essential for the upwelling modeling study and also the general circulation in the region with and without typhoons. C1 [Ko, Dong S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Chao, Shenn-Yu] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Horn Point Lab, Cambridge, MD USA. [Wu, Chun-Chieh; Lin, I-I] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Jan, Sen] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. RP Ko, DS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. EM ko@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Lin, I-I/J-4695-2013; OI Lin, I-I/0000-0002-8364-8106; Jan, Sen/0000-0002-4128-9715; Wu, Chun-Chieh/0000-0002-3612-4537 FU US Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-08WX-2-1170, N00014-09-1-0623]; Taiwan's National Science Council (NSC) [NSC97-2111-M-002-397016-MY3]; ONR [N00014-10-1-0725]; NSC [NSC101-2111-M-002-MY2, NSC101-2628-M-002/-001-MY4, 102R7803]; [NSC98-2611-M-002-019-MY3] FX Authors DSK and SYC were supported by the US Office of Naval Research (ONR) grants N00014-08WX-2-1170 and N00014-09-1-0623, respectively. Author CCW was supported by Taiwan's National Science Council (NSC) grant NSC97-2111-M-002-397016-MY3 and ONR grant N00014-10-1-0725. Author IIL, was supported by NSC grants: NSC101-2111-M-002-MY2 and NSC101-2628-M-002/-001-MY4; 102R7803. Author SJ was supported by NSC98-2611-M-002-019-MY3. We appreciate detail and helpful comments from R. C. Lien and an Anonymous Reviewer. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU CHINESE GEOSCIENCE UNION PI TAIPEI PA PO BOX 23-59, TAIPEI 10764, TAIWAN SN 1017-0839 EI 2311-7680 J9 TERR ATMOS OCEAN SCI JI Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. PD APR PY 2016 VL 27 IS 2 BP 261 EP 280 DI 10.3319/TAO.2015.10.28.01(Oc) PG 20 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA DO2WF UT WOS:000377641000009 ER PT J AU Hoyos, JJ Pereira, VF Giorjao, RR McNelley, TR Ramirez, J AF Hoyos, J. J. Pereira, V. F. Giorjao, R. R. McNelley, T. R. Ramirez, J. TI Effect of friction stir welding on hydrogen content of ISO 3183 X80M steel SO JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE FSW; High strength steel; Diffusible hydrogen; Underwater welding; Hot extraction method ID PIPELINE STEEL AB The influence of Friction Stir Welding (FSW) on hydrogen content of ISO 3183 X80M high strength steel was evaluated for several welding conditions, including dry and underwater environments. The diffusible and non-diffusible (residual) hydrogen were measured by a hot extraction method that involved adaptation of ISO 3690 and AWS A4.3 (arc welding process) standards. It was found that FSW does not significantly influence the hydrogen content under dry conditions even when the steel surface is oxidized. A slight increase in both diffusible and residual hydrogen content was observed for underwater FSW. However, the total hydrogen content is significantly less than the minimum allowable hydrogen concentration in similar steels. In addition, the low tool temperature reached during underwater FSW suggests the absence of hydrogen generation by water molecule decomposition. This is in according with the temperature distribution in water obtained by finite element method simulation of this welding process. Therefore, FSW is a feasible welding process and offers important advantages in terms of hydrogen control when it is compared to conventional fusion welding processes. (C) 2016 The Society of Manufacturing Engineers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hoyos, J. J.; Pereira, V. F.; Giorjao, R. R.; Ramirez, J.] Natl Res Ctr Energy & Mat CNPEM, Brazilian Nanotechnol Natl Lab LNNano, Met Characterizat & Proc Lab CPM, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [McNelley, T. R.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. [Ramirez, J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Hoyos, JJ (reprint author), Natl Res Ctr Energy & Mat CNPEM, Brazilian Nanotechnol Natl Lab LNNano, Met Characterizat & Proc Lab CPM, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. EM john.hoyos@lnnano.cnpem.br FU Petrobras; CNPq [455275/2013-0, 403530/2014-8]; CAPES (Project Instituto Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao em Materiais Complexos Funcionais, Inomat); US Office of Naval Research FX The authors are grateful to the Company USIMINAS for supply the steel and the chemical composition data. The authors J.J. Hoyos, V.F. Pereira, R. R. Giorjao and A. J. Ramirez are grateful to Petrobras, CNPq (Project 455275/2013-0 and 403530/2014-8) e CAPES (Project Instituto Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao em Materiais Complexos Funcionais, Inomat) for financial support. T.R. McNelley acknowledges prior financial support of the US Office of Naval Research. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1526-6125 J9 J MANUF PROCESS JI J. Manuf. Process. PD APR PY 2016 VL 22 BP 82 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.jmapro.2016.01.012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Manufacturing SC Engineering GA DM9NZ UT WOS:000376694300010 ER PT J AU Hodyss, D Satterfield, E McLay, J Hamill, TM Scheuerer, M AF Hodyss, Daniel Satterfield, Elizabeth McLay, Justin Hamill, Thomas M. Scheuerer, Michael TI Inaccuracies with Multimodel Postprocessing Methods Involving Weighted, Regression-Corrected Forecasts SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-TEMPERATURE FORECASTS; PREDICTION SYSTEM; PROBABILISTIC FORECASTS; ENSEMBLES; SCHEMES AB Ensemble postprocessing is frequently applied to correct biases and deficiencies in the spread of ensemble forecasts. Methods involving weighted, regression-corrected forecasts address the typical biases and under-dispersion of ensembles through a regression correction of ensemble members followed by the generation of a probability density function (PDF) from the weighted sum of kernels fit around each corrected member. The weighting step accounts for the situation where the ensemble is constructed from different model forecasts or generated in some way that creates ensemble members that do not represent equally likely states. In the present work, it is shown that an overweighting of climatology in weighted, regression-corrected forecasts can occur when one first performs a regression-based correction before weighting each member. This overweighting of climatology results in an increase in the mean-squared error of the mean of the predicted PDF. The overweighting of climatology is illustrated in a simulation study and a real-data study, where the reference is generated through a direct application of Bayes's rule. The real-data example is a comparison of a particular method referred to as Bayesian model averaging (BMA) and a direct application of Bayes's rule for ocean wave heights using U.S. Navy and National Weather Service global deterministic forecasts. This direct application of Bayes's rule is shown to not overweight climatology and may be a low-cost replacement for the generally more expensive weighted, regression-correction methods. C1 [Hodyss, Daniel; Satterfield, Elizabeth; McLay, Justin] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Hamill, Thomas M.] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Scheuerer, Michael] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Hodyss, D (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM daniel.hodyss@nrlmry.navy.mil RI Scheuerer, Michael/D-5472-2015 OI Scheuerer, Michael/0000-0003-4540-9478 FU NRL Base Program [PE 0601153N] FX This research is supported by the Chief of Naval Research through the NRL Base Program, PE 0601153N. We thank three anonymous reviewers for very conscientious critiques that have helped us greatly improve the manuscript. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 7 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD APR PY 2016 VL 144 IS 4 BP 1649 EP 1668 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0204.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DM1RY UT WOS:000376125100001 ER PT J AU Clark, JH Penado, FE AF Clark, James H., III Penado, F. Ernesto TI Compliant deformable mirror approach for wavefront improvement SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE navy precision optical interferometer; optical interferometry; active optics; deformable mirror; wavefront distortion; mirror deformation; optomechanics; finite element analysis ID PROTOTYPE OPTICAL INTERFEROMETER AB We describe a compliant static deformable mirror approach to reduce the wavefront concavity at the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer (NPOI). A single actuator pressing on the back surface of just one of the relay mirrors deforms the front surface in a correcting convex shape. Our design uses the mechanical advantage gained from a force actuator sandwiched between a rear flexure plate and the back surface of the mirror. We superimpose wavefront contour measurements with our finite element deformed mirror model. An example analysis showed improvement from 210-nm concave-concave wavefront to 51-nm concave-concave wavefront. With our present model, a 100-nm actuator increment displaces the mirror surface by 1.1 nm. We describe the need for wavefront improvement that arises from the NPOI reconfigurable array, offer a practical design approach, and analyze the support structure and compliant deformable mirror using the finite element method. We conclude that a 20.3-cm-diameter, 1.9-cm-thick Zerodur (R) mirror shows that it is possible to deform the reflective surface and cancel out three-fourths of the wavefront deformation without overstressing the material. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) C1 [Clark, James H., III] Naval Res Lab, NPOI, 10391 West Observ Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Penado, F. Ernesto] No Arizona Univ, Dept Mech Engn, NAU Engn Bldg 69,15600 South McConnell Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Clark, JH (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, NPOI, 10391 West Observ Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM jhc29@nau.edu NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD APR PY 2016 VL 55 IS 4 AR 043107 DI 10.1117/1.OE.55.4.043107 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA DL9GX UT WOS:000375950900011 ER PT J AU Lock, EH Petrova, TB Petrov, GM Boris, DR Walton, SG AF Lock, E. H. Petrova, Tz. B. Petrov, G. M. Boris, D. R. Walton, S. G. TI Electron beam-generated Ar/N-2 plasmas: The effect of nitrogen addition on the brightest argon emission lines SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONAL-RADIATIVE MODEL; IMPACT EXCITATION; GLOW-DISCHARGE; CROSS-SECTIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; DEPOSITION; MIXTURES; STATES AB The effect of nitrogen addition on the emission intensities of the brightest argon lines produced in a low pressure argon/nitrogen electron beam-generated plasmas is characterized using optical emission spectroscopy. In particular, a decrease in the intensities of the 811.5 nm and 763.5 nm lines is observed, while the intensity of the 750.4 nm line remains unchanged as nitrogen is added. To explain this phenomenon, a non-equilibrium collisional-radiative model is developed and used to compute the population of argon excited states and line intensities as a function of gas composition. The results show that the addition of nitrogen to argon modifies the electron energy distribution function, reduces the electron temperature, and depopulates Ar metastables in exchange reactions with electrons and N-2 molecules, all of which lead to changes in argon excited states population and thus the emission originating from the Ar 4p levels. C1 [Lock, E. H.] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Petrova, Tz. B.; Petrov, G. M.; Boris, D. R.; Walton, S. G.] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lock, EH (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Walton, SG (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM evgeniya.lock@nrl.navy.mil; scott.walton@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 10 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2016 VL 23 IS 4 AR 043518 DI 10.1063/1.4946880 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DL7YE UT WOS:000375855500087 ER PT J AU Rubinstein, B Doron, R Maron, Y Fruchtman, A Mehlhorn, TA AF Rubinstein, B. Doron, R. Maron, Y. Fruchtman, A. Mehlhorn, T. A. TI The structure of a magnetic-field front propagating non-diffusively in low-resistivity multi-species plasma SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID EROSION OPENING SWITCH; SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATIONS; HYDRODYNAMIC MODEL; PENETRATION; DENSITY; DYNAMICS; CORONA; PINCH; BEAMS AB We report on the first experimental verification of the traveling-wave-like picture of a magnetic-field and an associated electric potential hill propagating non-diffusively in low resistivity plasma. High spatial resolution spectroscopic method, developed here, allowed for obtaining the detailed shape of the propagating magnetic-field front. The measurements demonstrated that the ion separation, previously claimed, results from the reflection of the higher charge-to-mass ratio ions from the propagating potential hill and from climbing the hill by the lower charge-to-mass ratio ions. This ion dynamics is found to be consistent with the observed electron density evolution. Published by Publishing. C1 [Rubinstein, B.; Doron, R.; Maron, Y.] Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Fruchtman, A.] HIT Holon Inst Technol, IL-58102 Holon, Israel. [Mehlhorn, T. A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Doron, R (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. EM ramy.doron@weizmann.ac.il OI Doron, Ramy/0000-0001-5812-7782; Mehlhorn, Thomas/0000-0003-2350-8168 FU Minerva Foundation; Federal German Ministry for Education; U.S.-Israel Bi-national Science Foundation FX The authors are grateful to R. Arad for numerous stimulating discussions. This research was supported by the Minerva Foundation with funding from the Federal German Ministry for Education and by the U.S.-Israel Bi-national Science Foundation. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2016 VL 23 IS 4 AR 040703 DI 10.1063/1.4947220 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DL7YE UT WOS:000375855500004 ER PT J AU Bishop, CH AF Bishop, Craig H. TI The GIGG-EnKF: ensemble Kalman filtering for highly skewed non-negative uncertainty distributions SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE non-Gaussian; ensemble Kalman filter; log-normal; gamma; inverse-gamma; skewed; data assimilation; state estimation ID ATMOSPHERIC DATA ASSIMILATION; ICE THICKNESS DISTRIBUTION; GAMMA-DISTRIBUTION; OPERATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION; LOGNORMAL-DISTRIBUTION; SQUARE-ROOT; PART I; MODEL; PARAMETERS; RAINFALL AB Observations and predictions of near-zero non-negative variables such as aerosol, water vapour, cloud, precipitation and plankton concentrations have uncertainty distributions that are skewed and better approximated by gamma and inverse-gamma probability distribution functions (pdfs) than Gaussian pdfs. Current Ensemble Kalman Filters (EnKFs) yield suboptimal state estimates for these variables. Here, we introduce a variation on the EnKF that accurately solves Bayes' theorem in univariate cases where the prior forecasts and error-prone observations given truth come in (gamma, inverse-gamma) or (inverse-gamma, gamma) or (Gaussian, Gaussian) distribution pairs. Since its multivariate extension is similar to an EnKF, we refer to it as the GIGG-EnKF or GIGG where GIGG stands for Gamma, Inverse-Gamma and Gaussian. The GIGG-EnKF enables near-zero semi-positive-definite variables with highly skewed uncertainty distributions to be assimilated without the need for observation bias inducing log-normal or Gaussian anamorphosis nonlinear transformations. In the special case that all observations are treated as Gaussian, the GIGG-EnKF gives identical results to the original EnKF. A multi-grid-point and multi-variable idealized system was used to compare and contrast the data assimilation performance of the GIGG with that of both the perturbed observation and deterministic forms of the EnKF. This test system featured variables and observation types whose uncertainty distributions approximate Gaussian, gamma and inverse-gamma distributions. The normalized analysis error variance of the GIGG ensemble mean was found to be significantly smaller than that of the EnKFs. The higher moments of the analysed ensemble distributions were tested by subjecting the ensemble members to nonlinear forecast' mappings. The normalized mean square error of the mean of the corresponding GIGG forecast ensemble was found to be less than a 3rd of that obtained from either form of the original EnKF. C1 [Bishop, Craig H.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2,Bldg 702,Room 212, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Bishop, CH (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2,Bldg 702,Room 212, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM craig.bishop@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [N0001413WX00008] FX This work was inspired, in part, by conversations with Derek Posselt and Daniel Hodyss on qualitative differences between the posterior distributions delivered by EnKFs and those of Monte-Carlo-Markov-Chains. The author gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Office of Naval Research, Grant N0001413WX00008. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-9009 EI 1477-870X J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD APR PY 2016 VL 142 IS 696 BP 1395 EP 1412 DI 10.1002/qj.2742 PN A PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DL9BF UT WOS:000375935600018 ER PT J AU Hendricks, EA Jin, Y Moskaitis, JR Doyle, JD Peng, MS Wu, CC Kuo, HC AF Hendricks, Eric A. Jin, Yi Moskaitis, Jonathan R. Doyle, James D. Peng, Melinda S. Wu, Chun-Chieh Kuo, Hung-Chi TI Numerical Simulations of Typhoon Morakot (2009) Using a Multiply Nested Tropical Cyclone Prediction Model SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID CONVECTIVE PARAMETERIZATION; PRECIPITATION FORECASTS; MONSOONAL INFLUENCE; DATA ASSIMILATION; PART I; TAIWAN; RAINFALL; MESOSCALE; ENSEMBLE; SYSTEM AB High-impact Typhoon Morakot (2009) was investigated using a multiply nested regional tropical cyclone prediction model. In the numerical simulations, the horizontal grid spacing, cumulus parameterizations, and microphysical parameterizations were varied, and the sensitivity of the track, intensity, and quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) was examined. With regard to horizontal grid spacing, it is found that convective-permitting (5 km) resolution is necessary for a reasonably accurate QPF, while little benefit is gained through the use of a fourth domain at 1.67-km horizontal resolution. Significant sensitivity of the track forecast was found to the cumulus parameterization, which impacted the model QPFs. In particular, the simplified Arakawa-Schubert parameterization tended to erroneously regenerate the remnants of Tropical Storm Goni to the southwest of Morakot, affecting the large-scale steering flow and the track of Morakot. Strong sensitivity of the QPFs to the microphysical parameterization was found, with the track and intensity showing little sensitivity. It is also found that Morakot's accumulated precipitation was reasonably predictable, with the control simulation producing an equitable threat score of 0.56 for the 3-day accumulated precipitation using a threshold of 500 mm. This high predictability of precipitation is due in part to more predictable large-scale and topographic forcing. C1 [Hendricks, Eric A.; Jin, Yi; Moskaitis, Jonathan R.; Doyle, James D.; Peng, Melinda S.] US Navy, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. [Wu, Chun-Chieh; Kuo, Hung-Chi] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Hendricks, Eric A.] US Navy, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Rm 255,589 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Hendricks, EA (reprint author), US Navy, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Rm 255,589 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM eahendri1@nps.edu OI Wu, Chun-Chieh/0000-0002-3612-4537 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through Program Element (PE) [0602435N]; Department of Defense (DoD) High Performance Computing Center FX The authors acknowledge the support of the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through Program Element (PE) 0602435N. We thank the Taiwan Central Weather Bureau for providing the rain gauge data, Greg Thompson for providing his microphysics routine, and Jim Ridout for helpful comments and discussions. We are also grateful for the computational resource and support provided by the Department of Defense (DoD) High Performance Computing Center. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 EI 1520-0434 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD APR PY 2016 VL 31 IS 2 BP 627 EP 645 DI 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0016.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DM2ZJ UT WOS:000376216300017 ER PT J AU Crespo, NA Massaro, F Milisavljevic, D Landoni, M Chavushyan, V Patino-Alvarez, V Masetti, N Jimenez-Bailon, E Strader, J Chomiuk, L Katagiri, H Kagaya, M Cheung, CC Paggi, A D'Abrusco, R Ricci, F La Franca, F Smith, HA Tosti, G AF Crespo, N. Alvarez Massaro, F. Milisavljevic, D. Landoni, M. Chavushyan, V. Patino-Alvarez, V. Masetti, N. Jimenez-Bailon, E. Strader, J. Chomiuk, L. Katagiri, H. Kagaya, M. Cheung, C. C. Paggi, A. D'Abrusco, R. Ricci, F. La Franca, F. Smith, Howard A. Tosti, G. TI OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF GAMMA-RAY BLAZAR CANDIDATES. VI. FURTHER OBSERVATIONS FROM TNG, WHT, OAN, SOAR, AND MAGELLAN TELESCOPES SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: general; galaxies: active; quasars: general; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID ALL-SKY SURVEY; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; RADIO-SOURCES; SOURCE CATALOG; SAMPLE; COUNTERPARTS; EMISSION; OBJECTS; GHZ; MHZ AB Blazars, one of the most extreme classes of active galaxies, constitute so far the largest known population of.-ray sources, and their number is continuously growing in the Fermi catalogs. However, in the latest release of the Fermi catalog there is still a large fraction of sources that are classified as blazar candidates of uncertain type (BCUs) for which optical spectroscopic observations are necessary to confirm their nature and their associations. In addition, about one-third of the gamma-ray point sources listed in the Third Fermi-LAT Source Catalog (3FGL) are still unassociated and lacking an assigned lower-energy counterpart. Since 2012 we have been carrying out an optical spectroscopic campaign to observe blazar candidates to confirm their nature. In this paper, the sixth of the series, we present optical spectroscopic observations for 30 gamma-ray blazar candidates from different observing programs we carried out with the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo, William Herschel Telescope, Observatorio Astronomico Nacional, Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope, and Magellan. Telescopes. We found that 21 out of 30 sources investigated are BL Lac objects, while the remaining targets are classified as flat-spectrum radio quasars showing the typical broad emission lines of normal quasi-stellar objects. We conclude that our selection of gamma-ray blazar. candidates based on their multifrequency properties continues to be a successful way to discover potential low-energy counterparts of the Fermi. unidentified gamma-ray sources and to confirm the nature of BCUs. C1 [Crespo, N. Alvarez; Massaro, F.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Crespo, N. Alvarez; Massaro, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Milisavljevic, D.; Paggi, A.; Smith, Howard A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Landoni, M.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, Via Emilio Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Chavushyan, V.; Patino-Alvarez, V.] Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Electr, Apartado Postal 51-216, Puebla 72000, Mexico. [Masetti, N.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Masetti, N.] Univ Andres Bello, Dept Ciencias Fis, Fernandez Concha 700, Santiago, Chile. [Jimenez-Bailon, E.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Apdo Postal 877, Ensenada 22800, Baja California, Mexico. [Strader, J.; Chomiuk, L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Katagiri, H.; Kagaya, M.] Ibaraki Univ, Coll Sci, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 3108512, Japan. [Cheung, C. C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [D'Abrusco, R.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Phys Sci, Via Cinthia 9, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [Ricci, F.; La Franca, F.] Univ Rome Tre, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Via Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Rome, Italy. [Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. RP Crespo, NA (reprint author), Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy. RI D'Abrusco, Raffaele/L-2767-2016; Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016; Paggi, Alessandro/C-1219-2017; OI D'Abrusco, Raffaele/0000-0003-3073-0605; Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; Paggi, Alessandro/0000-0002-5646-2410; Ricci, Federica/0000-0001-5742-5980; La Franca, Fabio/0000-0002-1239-2721 FU NASA [NNX12AO97G, NNX13AP20G, NNX14AJ61G, DPR S-15633-Y]; NASA/JPL grant [RSA 1369566]; ASI/INAF contract [I/005/12/0]; CONACyT (Mexico) [151494]; Packard Foundation; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; Australian Research Council; Science Foundation for Physics within the University of Sydney; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX We thank the anonymous referee for useful comments that led to improvements in the paper. We are grateful to Dr. Mendez Alvarez, Dr. Dominguez, Dr. Karjalainen, Dr. Riddick, Dr. Skillen at WHT, and Dr. Boschin at TNG for their help in. scheduling, preparing,. and performing the observations. This investigation is supported by. NASA grants NNX12AO97G, NNX13AP20G, and NNX14AJ61G. H.A.S. acknowledges partial support from NASA/JPL grant RSA 1369566. The work by G.T. is supported by the ASI/INAF contract I/005/12/0. V.C. and V.P.-A. are supported by the CONACyT research grant 151494 (Mexico). Work by C.C.C. at NRL is supported in part by NASA DPR S-15633-Y. J.S. is supported by a Packard Foundation Fellowship.r Based on observations obtained at the Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) telescope, which is a joint project of the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, e Inovacao (MCTI) ada Republica Federativa do Brasil, the U.S. National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), and Michigan State University (MSU). Part of this work is based on archival data, software, or online services provided by the ASI Science Data Center. This research has made use of data obtained from the high-energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center; the SIMBAD database operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; and. the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Part of this work is based on the NVSS (NRAO VLA Sky Survey): The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is operated by Associated Universities, Inc., under contract with the National Science Foundation and on the VLA low-frequency Sky Survey (VLSS). The Molonglo Observatory site manager, Duncan Campbell-Wilson, and the staff, Jeff Webb, Michael White, and John Barry, are responsible for the smooth operation of Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST) and the day-to-day observing program of SUMSS. The SUMSS survey is dedicated to Michael Large, whose expertise and vision made the project possible. The MOST is operated by the School of Physics with the support of the Australian Research Council and the Science Foundation for Physics within the University of Sydney. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the USNOFS Image and Catalogue Archive operated by the United States Naval Observatory, Flagstaff Station (http://www.nofs.navy.mil/data/fchpix/). Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III Web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; r SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration, including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. The WENSS project was a collaboration between the Netherlands Foundation for Research in Astronomy and the Leiden Observatory. We acknowledge the WENSS team,. which consisted of Ger de Bruyn, Yuan Tang, Roeland Rengelink, George Miley, Huub Rottgering, Malcolm Bremer, Martin Bremer, Wim Brouw, Ernst Raimond, and David Fullagar, for the extensive work aimed at producing the WENSS catalog, and. TOPCAT16 (Taylor 2005) for the preparation and manipulation of the tabular data and the images. The Aladin Java applet17 was used to create the finding charts reported in this paper (Bonnarel et al. 2000). It can be started from the CDS (Strasbourg-France), from the CFA (Harvard-USA), from the ADAC (Tokyo-Japan), from the IUCAA (Pune-India), from the UKADC (Cambridge-UK), or from the CADC (Victoria-Canada).r The Molonglo Observatory site manager, Duncan Campbell-Wilson, and the staff, Jeff Webb, Michael White and John Barry, are responsible for the smooth operation of Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST) and the day-to-day observing programme of SUMSS. The SUMSS survey is dedicated to Michael Large whose expertise and vision made the project possible. The MOST is operated by the School of Physics with the support of the Australian Research Council and the Science Foundation for Physics within the University of Sydney. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD APR PY 2016 VL 151 IS 4 AR 95 DI 10.3847/0004-6256/151/4/95 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DL4LV UT WOS:000375609100008 ER PT J AU Shukla, A Rajapakse, YDS LeBlanc, J AF Shukla, A. Rajapakse, Y. D. S. LeBlanc, J. TI Composite Materials Subjected to Extreme Conditions INTRODUCTION SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Shukla, A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Rajapakse, Y. D. S.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. [LeBlanc, J.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI USA. RP Shukla, A (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM shuklaa@uri.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0014-4851 EI 1741-2765 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD APR PY 2016 VL 56 IS 4 SI SI BP 521 EP 522 DI 10.1007/s11340-016-0148-z PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA DL6DB UT WOS:000375727400001 ER PT J AU LeBlanc, J Shillings, C Gauch, E Livolsi, F Shukla, A AF LeBlanc, J. Shillings, C. Gauch, E. Livolsi, F. Shukla, A. TI Near Field Underwater Explosion Response of Polyurea Coated Composite Plates SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Composite materials; UNDEX loading; Polyurea coatings; Computational modeling; Digital image correlation ID DYNAMIC-RESPONSE; IMPULSIVE LOADS; PANELS; FAILURE AB An experimental study with corresponding numerical simulations has been conducted to evaluate the response of E-Glass / Epoxy composite plates, including polyurea coating effects, subjected to near field underwater explosion (UNDEX) loading. Experiments are performed in a water filled blast tank in which the including transient plate response during the UNDEX loading is measured utilizing high speed photography coupled with Digital Image Correlation. The experimental results show that the transient response of the plate is improved through the use of a thicker plate or through the application of a polyurea coating, although there is a weight penalty associated with the additional material which should be considered. Corresponding computational models of the experiments have been conducted with the commercial finite element code LS-Dyna. The simulations are shown to have a high level of correlation to the experimental data. C1 [LeBlanc, J.; Gauch, E.; Livolsi, F.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Shillings, C.; Shukla, A.] Univ Rhode Isl, 92 Upper Coll Rd, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP LeBlanc, J (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM james.m.leblanc@navy.mil FU Naval Undersea Warfare Center (Division Newport) In-house Laboratory Independent Research program (ILIR); Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-1-0662, N00014-14-WX00730] FX The financial support of the Naval Undersea Warfare Center (Division Newport) In-house Laboratory Independent Research program (ILIR) directed by Neil Dubois is greatly acknowledged. The support of Dr. Y.D.S. Rajapakse of the Office of Naval Research under Grant Nos. N00014-10-1-0662 (University of Rhode Island) and N00014-14-WX00730 (Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Newport)) is acknowledged. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0014-4851 EI 1741-2765 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD APR PY 2016 VL 56 IS 4 SI SI BP 569 EP 581 DI 10.1007/s11340-015-0071-8 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA DL6DB UT WOS:000375727400004 ER PT J AU Kwon, YW Teo, HF Park, C AF Kwon, Y. W. Teo, H. F. Park, C. TI Cyclic Loading on Composite Beams with Fluid-Structure Interaction SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Composites; Fatigue; Fluid-structure interaction ID WATER AB Cyclic loading tests were conducted for quasi-isotopically laminated glass fiber composite beams in air and water, respectively, to analyze their structural behavior and failure under Fluid-structure Interaction (FSI). Experimental results showed a significant FSI effect on fatigue failure of the composites under frequency loading of 10 and 5 Hz. The FSI reduced the fatigue life cycles by approximately 50% at those cyclic loads. While the experiments were undertaken using the displacement-controlled mode, a computational study was also performed using the force-controlled mode to complement the experimental study as well as to provide enhanced understanding of the FSI effect on composites under cyclic loading. The knowledge gained from this study would contribute to the development of future life cycle prediction tools that would help to prevent premature failures of a composite structure in contact with water and subjected to cyclic loading. C1 [Kwon, Y. W.; Teo, H. F.; Park, C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kwon, YW (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ywkwon@nps.edu FU Solid Mechanics Program of the Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX This work was supported by the Solid Mechanics Program of the Office of Naval Research (ONR). The program manager is Dr. Yapa Rajapakse. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0014-4851 EI 1741-2765 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD APR PY 2016 VL 56 IS 4 SI SI BP 645 EP 652 DI 10.1007/s11340-015-0031-3 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA DL6DB UT WOS:000375727400010 ER PT J AU Donohue, KA Kennelly, MA Cutting, A AF Donohue, Kathleen A. Kennelly, Maureen A. Cutting, Amy TI Sea Surface Height Variability in Drake Passage SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENT; INVERTED ECHO SOUNDERS; SATELLITE ALTIMETRY; KUROSHIO EXTENSION; TIME-SERIES; OCEAN; CIRCULATION; PERFORMANCE; TRANSPORT; ATLANTIC AB Intercomparisons between altimeter sea surface height (SSH) and open-ocean in situ observations have been limited owing to sparse available datasets. Here, SSH anomaly (SSHA) determined from current and pressure recording inverted echo sounders (CPIES) from the cDrake experiment were compared with an up-to-date AVISO-mapped product. Meandering Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) fronts in the passage interior elevated SSHA variance; south of the Shackleton Fracture Zone and along the northern continental slope, the variance decreased by factors between 6 and 10. In situ analysis focused on the two constituents of SSHA, SSHA(ref) determined from bottom pressure and SSHA(bcb), calculated from geopotential height referenced to the bottom. The peak variance of both SSHA(bcb) and SSHA(ref) occurred in the energetic region between the Subantarctic Front and the Polar Front. The contribution of SSHA(bcb), to total SSHA variance was greater than 40% at all sites and averaged over all sites it was 73%. For most sites, high-frequency (>1/20 cpd) SSHA(bcb) signals dominated total high-frequency variance. Aliasing of high-frequency signals resulting from 10-day altimeter sampling was assessed. The fraction of aliased energy at frequencies longer than 1/50 cpd for sites at and north of the Shackleton Fracture Zone approached 0.25 and approached 0.50 for southern sites. CPIES and mapped altimeter SSHA agreed well. The mean correlation coefficient was 0.82 and the mean RMS difference was 0.075 m. Correlations between CPIES and AVISO were notably poorer at the northern and southern boundaries. RMS differences increased as a function of CPIES high-frequency SSHA variance because the mapped altimetry product does not resolve these frequencies. C1 [Donohue, Kathleen A.; Kennelly, Maureen A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, 215 South Ferry Rd, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Cutting, Amy] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI USA. RP Donohue, KA (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, 215 South Ferry Rd, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM kdonohue@uri.edu FU U.S. National Science Foundation [ANT-0635437, ANT-1141802] FX We gratefully acknowledge the captains and crew of the RV/IB Nathaniel B. Palmer and the staff of Raytheon Polar Services for their support during the seagoing operations. We thank Erran Sousa, Gerard Chaplin, and Dan Holloway for their valuable help with the CPIES instrumentation development and preparation. Comments and suggestions from Randy Watts and Karen Tracey greatly improved the manuscript. This work was supported by U.S. National Science Foundation Grants ANT-0635437 and ANT-1141802. ERA-Interim data used in this study have been obtained from the ECMWF data server. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 EI 1520-0426 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD APR PY 2016 VL 33 IS 4 BP 669 EP 683 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-15-0249.1 PG 15 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DL6FV UT WOS:000375736000004 ER PT J AU Vanleer, AC Blanco, JA Wagenaar, JB Viventi, J Contreras, D Litt, B AF Vanleer, Ann C. Blanco, Justin A. Wagenaar, Joost B. Viventi, Jonathan Contreras, Diego Litt, Brian TI Millimeter-scale epileptiform spike propagation patterns and their relationship to seizures SO JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE spatiotemporal; epileptiform; micro-electrocorticography (ECoG) ID PARTIAL EPILEPSY; ELECTRODE ARRAY; NEOCORTEX; DYNAMICS; SURGERY; MODELS; WAVES AB Objective. Current mapping of epileptic networks in patients prior to epilepsy surgery utilizes electrode arrays with sparse spatial sampling (-1.0 cm inter -electrode spacing). Recent research demonstrates that sub-millimeter, cortical-column-scale domains have a role in seizure generation that may be clinically significant. We use high-resolution, active, flexible surface electrode arrays with 500 itm inter-electrode spacing to explore epileptiform local field potential (LFP) spike propagation patterns in two dimensions recorded from subdural micro-electrocorticographic signals in vivo in cat. In this study, we aimed to develop methods to quantitatively characterize the spatiotemporal dynamics of epileptiform activity at high resolution. Approach. We topically administered a GABA-antagonist, picrotoxin, to induce acute neocortical epileptiform activity leading up to discrete electrographic seizures. We extracted features from LFP spikes to characterize spatiotemporal patterns in these events. We then tested the hypothesis that two-dimensional spike patterns during seizures were different from those between seizures. Main results. We showed that spatially correlated events can be used to distinguish ictal versus interictal spikes. Significance. We conclude that sub-millimeter-scale spatiotemporal spike patterns reveal network dynamics that are invisible to standard clinical recordings and contain information related to seizure-state. C1 [Vanleer, Ann C.; Blanco, Justin A.] US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD USA. [Wagenaar, Joost B.; Litt, Brian] Univ Penn, Dept Neurol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Wagenaar, Joost B.; Litt, Brian] Univ Penn, Ctr Neuroengn & Therapeut, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Viventi, Jonathan] Duke Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Contreras, Diego] Univ Penn, Dept Neurosci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Litt, Brian] Univ Penn, Dept Bioengn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Vanleer, AC (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD USA. EM vanleer@usna.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01-NS048598, R01-EY020765, T90-DA022763, T32-NS054575, K01-ES025436-01]; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [R01-NS041811]; Office of Naval Research [N001614WX30023, N001613WX20992, N0001415WX01831, N0001415WX01832]; Mirowski Family Foundation FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01-NS048598 to B Litt, R01-EY020765 to D Contreras, T90-DA022763 to L Finkel and M Kahana, T32-NS054575 to J Detre, and K01-ES025436-01 to J Wagenaar); a National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Grant (R01-NS041811 to M Dichter and B Litt); Office of Naval Research grants (N001614WX30023 and N001613WX20992 to JA Blanco, N0001415WX01831 and N0001415WX01832 to AC Vanleer) and a Mirowski Family Foundation Grant. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1741-2560 EI 1741-2552 J9 J NEURAL ENG JI J. Neural Eng. PD APR PY 2016 VL 13 IS 2 AR 026015 DI 10.1088/1741-2560/13/2/026015 PG 15 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Neurosciences SC Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology GA DL5NM UT WOS:000375683800024 PM 26859260 ER PT J AU Simeonov, JA AF Simeonov, Julian A. TI The coefficient of normal restitution for the Hertzian contact of two rough spheres colliding in a viscous fluid SO MECHANICS RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Particle collisions; Coefficient of restitution; Hertzian contact; Lubrication force ID DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; ELASTOHYDRODYNAMIC COLLISION; POTENTIAL FLOW; PLANE WALL; PARTICLES; MOTION; FORCE; MODEL AB We use previous theoretical results for the added mass, history and lubrication forces between two spheres colliding in a fluid with viscosity v to investigate the effect of viscous dissipation on the coefficient of restitution during contact. We assume that the mechanical interaction is governed by Hertzian mechanical contact of small duration tau and that the minimum approach distance between particles is approximately equal to the height sigma of surface micro-asperities. A non-dimensionalization of the equation of motion indicates that the contact dynamics is governed by two parameters - the ratio epsilon of the surface roughness sigma and the sphere radius a, and, a contact Stokes number defined as St(c) = sigma(2)/v tau. An asymptotic solution of the equation of motion in the limit of small epsilon/St(c) is used to obtain an explicit expression for the coefficient of restitution during contact and the latter is compared with estimates based on numerical solutions of the non-linear equation of motion. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Simeonov, Julian A.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Simeonov, JA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM julian.simeonov@nrlssc.navy.mil OI Simeonov, Julian/0000-0002-7554-071X FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through base funding to the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0093-6413 J9 MECH RES COMMUN JI Mech. Res. Commun. PD APR PY 2016 VL 73 BP 140 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.mechrescom.2016.02.017 PG 5 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA DL7GY UT WOS:000375810200017 ER PT J AU Tadjer, MJ Anderson, TJ Feygelson, TI Hobart, KD Hite, JK Koehler, AD Wheeler, VD Pate, BB Eddy, CR Kub, FJ AF Tadjer, Marko J. Anderson, Travis J. Feygelson, Tatyana I. Hobart, Karl D. Hite, Jennifer K. Koehler, Andrew D. Wheeler, Virginia D. Pate, Bradford B. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Kub, Fritz J. TI Nanocrystalline diamond capped AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors via a sacrificial gate process SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Compound Semiconductor Week (CSW) CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2015 CL Santa Barbara, CA DE AlGaN; GaN; high electron mobility transistors; nanocrystalline materials; self-heating ID PERFORMANCE; FILMS AB Top-side integration of nanocrystalline diamond films in the fabrication sequence of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors is demonstrated. Reliable oxygen plasma etching of the diamond capping layer, required for a diamond-before-gate process, was implemented by using a sacrificial SiN "dummy" gate. Hall characterization showed minimal (similar to 6%) reduction in sheet carrier density and commensurate increase in sheet resistance, while maintaining mobility and on-state drain current density. Off-state drain current and threshold voltage were increased, likely by fluorination of the AlGaN surface after removal of the sacrificial gate, even though a 20 nm thick Al2O3 layer was used as a SF6-plasma etch stop. Pulsed I-DS and on-resistance were improved, indicating that a 10 nm SiN/500 nm NCD could offer improved AlGaN surface passivation compared to a more conventional 100 nm thick PECVD SiN film. (C) 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Tadjer, Marko J.; Anderson, Travis J.; Feygelson, Tatyana I.; Hobart, Karl D.; Hite, Jennifer K.; Koehler, Andrew D.; Wheeler, Virginia D.; Pate, Bradford B.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.; Kub, Fritz J.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Tadjer, MJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM marko.tadjer@nrl.navy.mil; travis.anderson@nrl.navy.mil NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 8 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6300 EI 1862-6319 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Mat. PD APR PY 2016 VL 213 IS 4 BP 893 EP 897 DI 10.1002/pssa.201532570 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA DJ9VC UT WOS:000374560100010 ER PT J AU Hedman, TD Gross, ML AF Hedman, Trevor D. Gross, Matthew L. TI On the Thermal Stability of Partially Decomposed Ammonium Perchlorate SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE Ammonium perchlorate; Composite propellant; Decomposition ID CRYSTALS AB The response of propellants and explosives to thermal stimuli is an important aspect of their behavior, especially for their safe storage and handling. In the case of ammonium perchlorate (AP), the principal oxidizer used in solid composite propellants, exposure to elevated temperatures causes various levels of decomposition and morphological changes. These changes occur in both neat AP particles and AP based propellants. The hazards associated with thermally damaged, or partially decomposed AP are investigated. It is found that AP is more thermally stable after partial low temperature decomposition. Also, it is found that the extent of decomposition of the AP particles is strongly influenced by prior thermal damage. This dependency is attributed to the exhaustion of nucleation sites on certain crystal planes. Specific surface area measurements of the thermally damaged particles show that the particles recrystallize before they can decompose to a further extent in low temperature decomposition. The behavior of partially decomposed AP in the presence of a propellant binder is also examined. C1 [Hedman, Trevor D.; Gross, Matthew L.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, 1 Adm Circle, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Hedman, TD (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, 1 Adm Circle, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM trevor.hedman@navy.mil FU Naval Air Weapons Center Warfare Division at China Lake FX The authors wish to thank the NAVAIR ILIR program, managed at ONR by the N-STAR program (Naval Research - Science and Technology for America's Readiness) administered by Lee Cambria. Michael Mann is thanked for providing the material safety data. Additionally, the Naval Air Weapons Center Warfare Division at China Lake is thanked for internal support by funds administred by Jeff Davis. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 6 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 EI 1521-4087 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD APR PY 2016 VL 41 IS 2 BP 254 EP 259 DI 10.1002/prep.201500067 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA DK1UI UT WOS:000374699500009 ER PT J AU Pusateri, AE Given, MB Schreiber, MA Spinella, PC Pati, S Kozar, RA Khan, A Dacorta, JA Kupferer, KR Prat, N Pidcoke, HF Macdonald, VW Malloy, WW Sailliol, A Cap, AP AF Pusateri, Anthony E. Given, Michael B. Schreiber, Martin A. Spinella, Philip C. Pati, Shibani Kozar, Rosemary A. Khan, Abdul Dacorta, Joseph A. Kupferer, Kevin R. Prat, Nicolas Pidcoke, Heather F. Macdonald, Victor W. Malloy, Wilbur W. Sailliol, Anne Cap, Andrew P. TI Dried plasma: state of the science and recent developments SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Review ID FRESH-FROZEN PLASMA; RED-BLOOD-CELLS; TRAUMA-ASSOCIATED COAGULOPATHY; DAMAGE CONTROL RESUSCITATION; HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; LYOPHILIZED PLASMA; ENDOTHELIAL GLYCOCALYX; VASCULAR-PERMEABILITY; MASSIVE TRANSFUSION; BRAIN-INJURY AB The early transfusion of plasma is important to ensure optimal survival of patients with traumatic hemorrhage. In military and remote or austere civilian settings, it may be impossible to move patients to hospital facilities within the first few hours of injury. A dried plasma product with reduced logistical requirements is needed to enable plasma transfusion where medically needed, instead of only where freezers and other equipment are available. First developed in the 1930s, pooled lyophilized plasma was widely used by British and American forces in WWII and the Korean War. Historical dried plasma products solved the logistical problem but were abandoned because of disease transmission. Modern methods to improve blood safety have made it possible to produce safe and effective dried plasma. Dried plasma products are available in France, Germany, South Africa, and a limited number of other countries. However, no product is available in the US. Promising products are in development that employ different methods of drying, pathogen reduction, pooling, packaging, and other approaches. Although challenges exist, the in vitro and in vivo data suggest that these products have great potential to be safe and effective. The history, state of the science, and recent developments in dried plasma are reviewed. C1 [Pusateri, Anthony E.] US Army, Med Res & Mat Command, 504 Scott St,Bldg 722, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Given, Michael B.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. [Schreiber, Martin A.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Spinella, Philip C.] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Pati, Shibani] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Kozar, Rosemary A.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Khan, Abdul] Velico Med Inc, Beverly, MA USA. [Dacorta, Joseph A.] Entegrion Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Kupferer, Kevin R.] Air Force Med Support Agcy, Falls Church, VA USA. [Prat, Nicolas] French Armed Forces Inst Biomed Res IRBA Bretigny, Marseille, France. [Pidcoke, Heather F.; Cap, Andrew P.] US Army, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Macdonald, Victor W.] US Army, Med Res & Mat Command, Med Mat Dev Act, 504 Scott St,Bldg 722, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Malloy, Wilbur W.] US Army, Med Res & Mat Command, Congressionally Directed Med Res Programs, 504 Scott St,Bldg 722, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Sailliol, Anne] Ctr Transfus Sanguine Armees, Clamart, France. RP Pusateri, AE (reprint author), US Army, Med Res & Mat Command, Combat Casualty Care Res Program, 504 Scott St,Bldg 722, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM anthony.e.pusateri.civ@mail.mil RI PRAT, Nicolas/R-4213-2016 NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 EI 1537-2995 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD APR PY 2016 VL 56 SU 2 SI SI BP S128 EP S139 DI 10.1111/trf.13580 PG 12 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA DK1ZK UT WOS:000374714200005 PM 27100749 ER PT J AU Matis, BR Houston, BH Baldwin, JW AF Matis, Bernard R. Houston, Brian H. Baldwin, Jeffrey W. TI Evidence for Spin Glass Ordering Near the Weak to Strong Localization Transition in Hydrogenated Graphene SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE hydrogenated graphene; 2D magnetic material; spin glass; transport localization ID MAGNETORESISTANCE; MODEL AB We provide evidence that magnetic moments formed when hydrogen atoms are covalently bound to graphene exhibit spin glass ordering. We observe logarithmic time-dependent relaxations in the remnant magnetoresistance following magnetic field sweeps, as well as strong variances in the remnant magnetoresistance following field-cooled and zero-field-cooled scenarios, which are hallmarks of canonical spin glasses and provide experimental evidence for the hydrogenated graphene spin glass state. Following magnetic field sweeps, and over a relaxation period of several minutes, we measure changes in the resistivity that are more than 3 orders of magnitude larger than what has previously been reported for a two-dimensional spin glass. Magnetotransport measurements at the Dirac point, and as a function of hydrogen concentration, demonstrate that the spin glass state is observable as the zero-field resistivity reaches a value close to the quantum unit h/2e(2), corresponding to the point at which the system undergoes a transition from weak to strong localization. Our work sheds light on the critical magnetic-dopant density required to observe spin glass formation in two-dimensional systems. These findings have implications to the basic understanding of spin glasses as well the fields of two-dimensional magnetic materials and spintronics. C1 [Matis, Bernard R.; Houston, Brian H.; Baldwin, Jeffrey W.] Naval Res Lab, Code 7130, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Matis, BR (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 7130, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bernard.matis@nrl.navy.mil FU NRL Karles Fellow program; Office of Naval Research FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the members of the technical staff of the Institute for Nanoscience at the NRL: Dean R. St. Amand and Walter A. Spratt. The authors would like to thank Leslie G. Cates for her assistance in developing the artwork. B.R.M. gratefully acknowledges support through the NRL Karles Fellow program. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD APR PY 2016 VL 10 IS 4 BP 4857 EP 4862 DI 10.1021/acsnano.6b01982 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DK9IV UT WOS:000375245000111 PM 27064170 ER PT J AU Melinger, JS Khachatrian, A Ancona, MG Buckhout-White, S Goldman, ER Spillmann, CM Medintz, IL Cunningham, PD AF Melinger, Joseph S. Khachatrian, Ani Ancona, Mario G. Buckhout-White, Susan Goldman, Ellen R. Spillmann, Christopher M. Medintz, Igor L. Cunningham, Paul D. TI FRET from Multiple Pathways in Fluorophore-Labeled DNA SO ACS PHOTONICS LA English DT Article DE Forster resonance energy transfer; FRET; DNA nanotechnology; light harvesting; photonic materials; photophysics ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; FLUORESCENCE DEPOLARIZATION; PHOTONIC WIRES; NANOSTRUCTURES; ORIENTATION; TIME; MACROMOLECULES; NANOTECHNOLOGY; PHOTOPHYSICS; MOLECULES AB Because of their ease of design and assembly, DNA scaffolds provide a valuable means for organizing fluorophores into complex light harvesting antennae. However, as the size and complexity of the DNA-fluorophore network grows, it can be difficult to fully understand energy transfer properties because of the large number of dipolar interactions between fluorophores. Here, we investigate simple DNA-fluorophore networks that represent elements of the more complex networks and provide insight into the Forster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) processes in the presence of multiple pathways. These FRET networks consist of up to two Cy3 donor fluorophores and two Cy3.5 acceptor fluorophores that are linked to a rigid dual-rail DNA scaffold with short interfluorophore separation corresponding to 10 DNA base pairs (similar to 34 angstrom). This configuration results in five FRET pathways: four hetero-FRET and one homo-FRET pathway. The FRET properties are characterized using a combination of steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy and understood using Forster theory. We show that the multiple FRET pathways lead to an increase in FRET efficiency, in part because homo-FRET between donor fluorophores provides access to parallel pathways to the acceptor and thereby compensates for low FRET efficiency channels caused by a static transition dipole distribution. More generally, the results show that multiple pathways may be used in the design of artificial light harvesting devices to compensate for inhomogeneities and nonideal ensemble effects that degrade FRET efficiency. C1 [Melinger, Joseph S.; Ancona, Mario G.; Cunningham, Paul D.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Code 6800, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Buckhout-White, Susan; Goldman, Ellen R.; Spillmann, Christopher M.; Medintz, Igor L.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Khachatrian, Ani] Sotera Def, 430 Natl Business Pkwy,Suite 100, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. RP Melinger, JS (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Code 6800, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joseph.melinger@nrl.navy.mil FU Nanoscience Institute at the Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Nanoscience Institute at the Naval Research Laboratory and the Office of Naval Research. NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 15 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2330-4022 J9 ACS PHOTONICS JI ACS Photonics PD APR PY 2016 VL 3 IS 4 BP 659 EP 669 DI 10.1021/acsphotonics.6b00006 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA DK3JA UT WOS:000374811700025 ER PT J AU Acero, F Ackermann, M Ajello, M Albert, A Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Bloom, ED Bonino, R Bottacini, E Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caragiulo, M Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cuoco, A Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Desiante, R Digel, SW Di Venere, L Drell, PS Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Focke, WB Franckowiak, A Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Harding, AK Hayashi, K Hays, E Hewitt, JW Hill, AB Horan, D Hou, X Jogler, T Johannesson, G Kamae, T Kuss, M Landriu, D Larsson, S Latronico, L Li, J Li, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Maldera, S Malyshev, D Manfreda, A Martin, P Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Michelson, PF Mirabal, N Mizuno, T Monzani, ME Morselli, A Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orienti, M Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Remy, Q Renault, N Sanchez-Conde, M Schaal, M Schulz, A Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spada, F Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strong, AW Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Vianello, G Werner, M Wood, KS Wood, M Zaharijas, G Zimmer, S AF Acero, F. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Albert, A. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Bloom, E. D. Bonino, R. Bottacini, E. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caragiulo, M. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cuoco, A. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Desiante, R. Digel, S. W. Di Venere, L. Drell, P. S. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Focke, W. B. Franckowiak, A. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Harding, A. K. Hayashi, K. Hays, E. Hewitt, J. W. Hill, A. B. Horan, D. Hou, X. Jogler, T. Johannesson, G. Kamae, T. Kuss, M. Landriu, D. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Li, J. Li, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Maldera, S. Malyshev, D. Manfreda, A. Martin, P. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Michelson, P. F. Mirabal, N. Mizuno, T. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Remy, Q. Renault, N. Sanchez-Conde, M. Schaal, M. Schulz, A. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spada, F. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strong, A. W. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Vianello, G. Werner, M. Wood, K. S. Wood, M. Zaharijas, G. Zimmer, S. TI DEVELOPMENT OF THE MODEL OF GALACTIC INTERSTELLAR EMISSION FOR STANDARD POINT-SOURCE ANALYSIS OF FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE DATA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: diffuse background; gamma rays: general; gamma rays: ISM ID GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; COSMIC-RAY; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; MILKY-WAY; RADIAL-DISTRIBUTION; EGRET OBSERVATIONS; HELIUM SPECTRA; COLUMN DENSITY; X-RAY; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION AB Most of the celestial. rays detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope originate from the interstellar medium when energetic cosmic rays interact with interstellar nucleons and photons. Conventional point-source and extended-source studies rely on the modeling of this diffuse emission for accurate characterization. Here, we describe the development of the Galactic Interstellar Emission Model (GIEM), which is the standard adopted by the LAT Collaboration and is publicly available. This model is based on a linear combination of maps for interstellar gas column density in Galactocentric annuli and for the inverse-Compton emission produced in the Galaxy. In the GIEM, we also include large-scale structures like Loop. I and the Fermi bubbles. The measured gas emissivity spectra confirm that the cosmic-ray proton density decreases with Galactocentric distance beyond 5 kpc from the Galactic Center. The measurements also suggest a softening of the proton spectrum with Galactocentric distance. We observe that the Fermi bubbles have boundaries with a shape similar to a catenary at latitudes below 20 degrees and we observe an enhanced emission toward their base extending in the north and south Galactic directions and located within similar to 4 degrees of the Galactic Center. C1 [Acero, F.; Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Landriu, D.; Remy, Q.; Renault, N.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,CEA,IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Ackermann, M.; Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.; Schulz, A.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Albert, A.; Baldini, L.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Albert, A.; Baldini, L.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Kuss, M.; Manfreda, A.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spada, F.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Chiaro, G.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Caragiulo, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Cuoco, A.; Desiante, R.; Latronico, L.; Maldera, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Cuoco, A.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Buson, S.; Ferrara, E. C.; Guiriec, S.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Mirabal, N.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, F-34059 Montpellier, France. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Buson, S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Buson, S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Buson, S.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Chekhtman, A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Roma, Italy. [Conrad, J.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Li, L.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Zimmer, S.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Funk, S.; Malyshev, D.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Hadasch, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Werner, M.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Hadasch, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Werner, M.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Hayashi, K.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Hewitt, J. W.] Univ N Florida, Dept Phys, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Hill, A. B.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Hou, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Observ, Kunming 650216, Peoples R China. [Hou, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Struct & Evolut Celestial Objects, Kunming 650216, Peoples R China. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, Dunhaga 3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Kamae, T.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Space Sci IEEC CSIC, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Martin, P.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [McEnery, J. E.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Razzaque, S.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, POB 524, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa. [Schaal, M.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Schaal, M.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tajima, H.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Zaharijas, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Zaharijas, G.] Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Zaharijas, G.] Univ Nova Gor, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Vipavska 13, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia. RP Casandjian, JM; Grenier, IA (reprint author), Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,CEA,IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM casandjian@cea.fr; isabelle.grenier@cea.fr RI Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; OI Ajello, Marco/0000-0002-6584-1703; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Mazziotta, Mario Nicola/0000-0001-9325-4672; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Zaharijas, Gabrijela/0000-0001-8484-7791; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration in the United States; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique in France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana in Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) in Japan; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) in Japan; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; KA Wallenberg Foundation in Sweden; Swedish Research Council in Sweden; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France FX The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the KA Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden.; Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. NR 137 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 7 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD APR PY 2016 VL 223 IS 2 AR 26 DI 10.3847/0067-0049/223/2/26 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DL0EI UT WOS:000375304600008 ER PT J AU Song, I Raghunathan, US Lourenco, NE Fleetwood, ZE Oakley, MA Jung, S Cho, MK Roche, NJH Khachatrian, A Warner, JH Buchner, SP McMorrow, D Paki, P Cressler, JD AF Song, Ickhyun Raghunathan, Uppili S. Lourenco, Nelson E. Fleetwood, Zachary E. Oakley, Michael A. Jung, Seungwoo Cho, Moon-Kyu Roche, Nicholas J. -H. Khachatrian, Ani Warner, Jeffrey H. Buchner, Stephen P. McMorrow, Dale Paki, Pauline Cressler, John D. TI An Investigation of the Use of Inverse-Mode SiGe HBTs as Switching Pairs for SET-Mitigated RF Mixers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 13-17, 2015 CL Boston, MA DE Down-conversion; heavy-ion simulations; mixer; pulsed-laser; radiation-hardening-by-design (RHBD); SiGe HBT; single-event effect (SEE); single-event transient (SET); two photon absorption (TPA) ID LOW-NOISE AMPLIFIERS; SINGLE-EVENT; HEAVY-ION; 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; LASER; DESIGN; THRESHOLDS; STRATEGIES; TRANSIENT; CIRCUITS AB The capability of inverse-mode (IM) silicon-germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) for the mitigation of single-event transients (SETs) under large-signal operation was investigated in an RF down-conversion single-balanced mixer using a through-wafer, two-photon absorption pulsed-laser beam experiment and TCAD heavy-ion simulations. The IM SiGe HBTs replace conventional forward-mode (FM) SiGe HBTs in the differential pair, which provides full current steering for frequency mixing operation. Under steady-state conditions, the IM SiGe HBT differential pair exhibits smaller transient peaks with shorter durations compared to the FM SiGe HBTs. In addition, under the injection of a local oscillator (LO) signal with large swing, the IM SiGe HBTs show faster recovery (50% reduction in the best case) from the impact of SETs. In the frequency domain, it is observed that IM SiGe HBTs produce less distortion at the output for an intermediate frequency below 1 GHz. Based on the performance comparison between FM and IM SiGe HBT down-conversion mixers, system design guidelines to compensate the noise figure degradation associated with using IM SiGe HBTs are discussed. C1 [Song, Ickhyun; Raghunathan, Uppili S.; Lourenco, Nelson E.; Fleetwood, Zachary E.; Oakley, Michael A.; Jung, Seungwoo; Cho, Moon-Kyu; Cressler, John D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Roche, Nicholas J. -H.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Roche, Nicholas J. -H.; Khachatrian, Ani; Warner, Jeffrey H.; Buchner, Stephen P.; McMorrow, Dale] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Khachatrian, Ani] Sotera Def, Annapolis, MD 20701 USA. [Paki, Pauline] Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Song, I (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM ihsong@gatech.edu NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD APR PY 2016 VL 63 IS 2 BP 1099 EP 1108 DI 10.1109/TNS.2016.2518400 PN 3 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DK6LQ UT WOS:000375035800006 ER PT J AU Duncan, AR Gadlage, MJ Roach, AH Kay, MJ AF Duncan, Adam R. Gadlage, Matthew J. Roach, Austin H. Kay, Matthew J. TI Characterizing Radiation and Stress-Induced Degradation in an Embedded Split-Gate NOR Flash Memory SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Flash memories; microcontrollers; radiation effects ID INDUCED LEAKAGE CURRENT; DATA RETENTION; DOSIMETRY; VOLTAGE; OXIDES AB Radiation and stress-induced degradation are characterized in split-gate NOR flash cells through a set of unique experiments. Radiation and program/erase stress on the bit cells is shown to create both positive and negative traps in the oxide around the floating gate cell. The annealing temperature following radiation determines the rate at which oxide traps are neutralized. To analyze both program/erase and radiation induced damage in greater detail; partial program and erase operations are performed. The implications of this work for both radiation hardness assurance testing and device reliability are discussed. C1 [Duncan, Adam R.; Gadlage, Matthew J.; Roach, Austin H.; Kay, Matthew J.] NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. RP Kay, MJ (reprint author), NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. EM matthew.gadlage@navy.mil FU NSWC Crane FX This work was supported by the NSWC Crane FY15 and FY16 Naval Innovative Science and Engineering (NISE/Section 219) program. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD APR PY 2016 VL 63 IS 2 BP 1276 EP 1283 DI 10.1109/TNS.2016.2540803 PN 3 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DK6LQ UT WOS:000375035800024 ER PT J AU Grande, N Tierney, S Horn, JF Langelaan, JW AF Grande, Nicholas Tierney, Shane Horn, Joseph F. Langelaan, Jack W. TI Safe Autorotation through Wind Shear via Backward Reachable Sets SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB This paper addresses the problem of safe flare to landing during autorotation, focusing on computing the region in the vehicle's state space from which a safe, feasible path to landing is guaranteed to exist. It (a) presents a method to compute safe, feasible trajectories for autorotation landing through wind shear and (b) uses this method to determine the set of conditions (distance to touchdown point, height above touchdown point, horizontal speed, descent rate, and rotor speed) from which a path to safe landing is guaranteed to exist. This set of safe initial states (denoted the safe landing set) is the backward reachable set from safe on ground to a steady-state autorotation condition. This safe set can be used by autonomous rotorcraft as a target condition for the steady-state phase of autorotation; it can be used in manned rotorcraft as a cue to begin flare. Safe landing sets are computed for two rotorcraft: the Bell OH-58A and a small electric-powered helicopter. The effect of wind and wind shear on the safe set is assessed for both vehicles. Finally, the feasibility of using global positioning system waypoint following control for autorotation landing is examined in simulation for the electric powered helicopter. C1 [Grande, Nicholas; Tierney, Shane; Horn, Joseph F.; Langelaan, Jack W.] Penn State Univ, Aerosp Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Grande, Nicholas] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI USA. [Tierney, Shane] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90406 USA. RP Langelaan, JW (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Aerosp Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM jwl16@psu.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 EI 2161-6027 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 2016 VL 61 IS 2 AR 022006 DI 10.4050/JAHS.61.022006 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DK3UI UT WOS:000374842500006 ER PT J AU Kang, HS Snyder, MR Miklosovic, DS Friedman, C AF Kang, Hyung Suk Snyder, Murray R. Miklosovic, David S. Friedman, Chen TI Comparisons of In Situ Ship Air Wakes with Wind Tunnel Measurements and Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Numerical simulations using computational fluid dynamics are frequently applied to analyze complex flow fields. However, they have to be validated by matching simulation results to those from canonical flows or experimental measurements. The objective of the present research is to compare results from numerical simulations and wind tunnel measurements for air wakes generated behind ships' superstructures to those from direct in situ measurements. Numerical simulations are performed using COBALT on an unstructured grid system, wind tunnel data are collected from a 4%-scale model, and in situ measurement data are sampled using ultrasonic anemometers mounted above an aft flight deck on a 32.9-m (108 ft)-long research vessel. Reynolds numbers are closely matched for all three approaches concurrently. Two different incoming velocity conditions are compared: a head wind condition and wind 15 degrees off the starboard bow (beta = 0 degrees,-15 degrees, respectively, where beta is the wind yaw angle). Differences in velocity and boundary layers between the three approaches are resolved using unique velocity normalization. The flow structures between beta = 0 degrees and beta = -15 degrees are quite different, i.e., there appears to be strong asymmetric vortical structures over the flight deck for beta = -15 degrees. In general, in situ, computational, and wind tunnel data all show large-scale recirculation motion behind the ship's hangar. However, there are nonnegligible differences between the simulations and wind tunnel measurements compared to the in situ measurements. Differences in velocity angles increase with the yaw angle of the incoming flow. C1 [Kang, Hyung Suk] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. [Snyder, Murray R.; Miklosovic, David S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, Annapolis, MD USA. [Snyder, Murray R.; Friedman, Chen] George Washington Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn, Washington, DC USA. RP Friedman, C (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn, Washington, DC USA. EM chen.friedman1@gmail.com FU Office of Naval Research; Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program Office FX This project was funded by the Office of Naval Research via the Young Investigator Program and through a subsequent 6.1 basic research grant (Murray Snyder was Principal Investigator for both). Numerical simulations were funded by the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program Office. USNA Professors Cody Brownell and Luksa Luznik assisted with the collection of in situ data. Naval Air Systems Command personnel Colin Wilkinson and Susan Polsky assisted with, respectively, the collection of in situ data and CFD simulations. Lieutenant Joshua Shishkoff also made important contributions to this paper and the USNA ship air wake research program. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 EI 2161-6027 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 2016 VL 61 IS 2 AR 022001 DI 10.4050/JAHS.61.022001 PG 16 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DK3UI UT WOS:000374842500001 ER PT J AU Millegan, J Wang, L LeardMann, CA Miletich, D Street, AE AF Millegan, Jeffrey Wang, Lawrence LeardMann, Cynthia A. Miletich, Derek Street, Amy E. TI Sexual Trauma and Adverse Health and Occupational Outcomes Among Men Serving in the US Military SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS LA English DT Article ID ASSAULT HISTORY; MILLENNIUM COHORT; GENERAL-POPULATION; VETERANS; AFGHANISTAN; INSTRUMENTS; HARASSMENT; WOMEN; PTSD; IRAQ AB Although absolute counts of U.S. service men who experience sexual trauma are comparable to service women, little is known about the impact of sexual trauma on men. The association of recent sexual trauma (last 3 years) with health and occupational outcomes was investigated using longitudinal data (2004-2013) from the Millennium Cohort Study. Of 37,711 service men, 391 (1.0%) reported recent sexual harassment and 76 (0.2%) sexual assault. In multivariable models, sexual harassment or assault, respectively, was associated with poorer mental health: AOR = 1.60, 95% CI [1.22, 2.12], AOR = 4.39, 95% CI [2.40, 8.05]; posttraumatic stress disorder: AOR = 2.50, 95% CI [1.87, 3.33], AOR = 6.63, 95% CI [3.65, 12.06]; depression: AOR = 2.37, 95% CI [1.69, 3.33], AOR = 5.60, 95% CI [2.83, 11.09]; and multiple physical symptoms: AOR = 2.22, 95% CI [1.69, 2.92]; AOR = 3.57, 95% CI [1.98, 6.42], after adjustment for relevant covariates. Sexual harassment was also associated with poorer physical health: AOR = 1.68, 95% CI [1.27, 2.22]. Men who reported sexual trauma were more likely to have left military service: AOR = 1.60, 95% CI [1.14, 2.24], and be disabled/unemployed postservice: AOR = 1.76, 95% CI [1.02, 3.02]. Results suggest that sexual trauma was significantly associated with adverse health and functionality extending to postmilitary life. Findings support the need for developing better prevention strategies and services to reduce the burden of sexual trauma on service men. C1 [Millegan, Jeffrey; Miletich, Derek] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Directorate Mental Hlth, San Diego, CA USA. [Wang, Lawrence; LeardMann, Cynthia A.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, San Diego, CA USA. [Wang, Lawrence; LeardMann, Cynthia A.] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Bethesda, MD USA. [Street, Amy E.] VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Natl Ctr PTSD, Boston, MA USA. [Street, Amy E.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP LeardMann, CA (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM cynthia.a.leardmann.ctr@mail.mil FU Department of Defense [60002]; Clinical Investigations Department at Naval Medical Center San Diego; Military Operational Medicine Research Program of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland FX The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of the Army, Department of the Air Force, Department of Veterans Affairs, or the U.S. Government. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited (U.S. Government Work 17 USC 105) and is not copyrighted in the United States. The funding organization had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. This work is supported by the Department of Defense, under Work Unit No. 60002, and through funding by the Clinical Investigations Department at Naval Medical Center San Diego. The Millennium Cohort Study is funded through the Military Operational Medicine Research Program of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (Protocol NHRC.2000.0007). In addition to the authors, the Millennium Cohort Study Team includes Richard Armenta, PhD, Lauren Bauer, MPH, Madeline Cross, James Davies, Carrie Donoho, PhD, Dennis Faix, MD, MPH, Susan Farrish, MD, Toni Geronimo, Kathleen Gunn, William Lee, Hector Lemus, PhD, Gordon Lynch, Denise Lovec-Jenkins, David Luxton, PhD, Danielle Mitchell, Kristin Motylinski, Anna Nagel, MPH, Chiping Nieh, PhD, Chris O'Malley, MPH, Serguey Parkhomovsky, Anet Petrosyan, Christopher Phillips, MD, MPH, Teresa Powell, MS, Ben Porter, PhD, Rudy Rull, PhD, Kari Sausedo, MA, Beverly Sheppard, Steven Speigle, Evelyn Sun, MPH, Valerie Stander, PhD, Laura Tobin, MPH, Daniel Trone, PhD, Jennifer Walstrom, from the Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA. We thank Hector Lemus, PhD (Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA) for his contribution in providing statistical support and consultation for this study. In addition, we thank Michelle LeWark from the Naval Health Research Center (San Diego, CA) for her technical review and editing of this paper. The authors also thank the professionals from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, especially those from the Military Operational Medicine Research Program, Fort Detrick, Maryland, and the Millennium Cohort Study participants. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-9867 EI 1573-6598 J9 J TRAUMA STRESS JI J. Trauma Stress PD APR PY 2016 VL 29 IS 2 BP 132 EP 140 DI 10.1002/jts.22081 PG 9 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA DJ6TZ UT WOS:000374347400004 PM 27077493 ER PT J AU Conway, TL Schmied, EA Larson, GE Galarneau, MR Hammer, PS Quinn, KH Schmitz, KJ Webb-Murphy, JA Boucher, WC Edwards, NK Ly, HL AF Conway, Terry L. Schmied, Emily A. Larson, Gerald E. Galarneau, Michael R. Hammer, Paul S. Quinn, Kimberly H. Schmitz, Kimberly J. Webb-Murphy, Jennifer A. Boucher, Wayne C. Edwards, Nathan K. Ly, Hoa L. TI Treatment of Mental or Physical Health Problems in a Combat Zone: Comparisons of Postdeployment Mental Health and Early Separation From Service SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS LA English DT Article ID MILITARY PERSONNEL; US MILITARY; PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSES; TRAUMA REGISTRY; IRAQ; THEATER; DEPLOYMENT; DISORDERS; ADHERENCE; VETERANS AB The primary aim of this study was to evaluate whether being treated for mental health or nonbattle physical injury during military combat deployment was associated with higher risk for postdeployment mental disorders and poorer career outcomes than seen in the general combat-deployed population. Service members treated in theater for mental health (n = 964) or noncombat injury (n = 853) were compared with randomly sampled personnel (n = 7,220) from the general deployed population on diagnosed mental disorders and early separation from service. Deployment, medical, and career information were obtained from Department of Defense archival databases. Over half of the personnel who received mental health treatment while deployed were diagnosed with 1 or more mental disorders postdeployment and/or were separated from service before completing their full-term enlistment. This was significantly higher than expected compared to the general deployed group, adjusting for demographic/military characteristics and mental health history (adjusted odds ratios [ORs] ranging 1.62 to 2.96). Frequencies of problems also were higher in the mental health-treated group than in the group treated for nonbattle physical injuries (significant adjusted ORs ranging 1.65 to 2.58). The documented higher risks for postdeployment adjustment problems suggested that especially those treated in theater by mental health providers might benefit from postdeployment risk-reduction programs. C1 [Conway, Terry L.; Galarneau, Michael R.; Quinn, Kimberly H.; Edwards, Nathan K.; Ly, Hoa L.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Med Modeling Simulat & Miss Support Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Schmied, Emily A.; Larson, Gerald E.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Dept, San Diego, CA USA. [Hammer, Paul S.] Navy Med Informat Syst Support Act, San Antonio, TX USA. [Schmitz, Kimberly J.; Webb-Murphy, Jennifer A.] Naval Ctr Combat & Operat Stress Control, San Diego, CA USA. [Boucher, Wayne C.] Naval Hosp Camp Pendleton, Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, Mental Hlth Directorate, Oceanside, CA USA. RP Conway, TL (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Med Modeling Simulat & Miss Support Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM tconway@mail.sdsu.edu FU Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington, DC [60812, 60819] FX This research was supported by the Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington, DC, under work unit numbers 60812 and 60819. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Approved for public release (NMRC #14-285); distribution is unlimited-U.S. Government Work (17 USC 105). This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research, and was approved by Naval Health Research Center's Institutional Review Board (Protocol NHRC.2008.0035). Because the study was classified as minimal risk and used only archival DOD data sources, informed consent was waived based on Code of Federal Regulations provisions in Title 32 CFR Part 219.116. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-9867 EI 1573-6598 J9 J TRAUMA STRESS JI J. Trauma Stress PD APR PY 2016 VL 29 IS 2 BP 149 EP 157 DI 10.1002/jts.22091 PG 9 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA DJ6TZ UT WOS:000374347400006 PM 26990003 ER PT J AU Nag, OK Naciri, J Oh, E Spillmann, CM Delehanty, JB AF Nag, Okhil K. Naciri, Jawad Oh, Eunkeu Spillmann, Christopher M. Delehanty, James B. TI Lipid Raft-Mediated Membrane Tethering and Delivery of Hydrophobic Cargos from Liquid Crystal-Based Nanocarriers SO BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; DRUG-DELIVERY; ENHANCED CIRCULATION; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; CELL-MEMBRANES; QUANTUM DOTS; CANCER-CELLS; IN-VIVO; NANOPARTICLES; THERAPY AB A main goal of bionanotechnology and nano particle (NP)-mediated drug delivery (NMDD) continues to be the development of novel biomaterials that can controllably modulate the activity of the NP-associated therapeutic cargo. One of the desired subcellular locations for targeted delivery in NMDD is the plasma membrane. However, the controlled delivery of hydrophobic cargos to the membrane bilayer poses significant challenges including cargo precipitation and lack of specificity. Here, we employ a liquid crystal NP (LCNP)-based delivery system for the controlled partitioning of a model dye cargo from within the NP core into the plasma membrane bilayer. During synthesis of the NPs, the water-insoluble model dye cargo, 3,3'-dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate (DiO), was efficiently incorporated into the hydrophobic LCNP core as confirmed by multiple spectroscopic analyses. Conjugation of a PEGylated cholesterol derivative to the NP surface (DiO-LCNP-PEG-Chol) facilitated the localization of the dye-loaded NPs to lipid raft microdomains in the plasma membrane in HEK 293T/17 cell. Analysis of DiO cellular internalization kinetics revealed that when delivered as a LCNP-PEG-Chol NP, the half-life of DiO membrane residence time (30 min) was twice that of free DiO (DiO(free)) (15 min) delivered from bulk solution. Time-resolved laser scanning confocal microscopy was employed to visualize the passive efflux of DiO from the LCNP core and its insertion into the plasma membrane bilayer as confirmed by Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) imaging. Finally, the delivery of DiO as a LCNP-PEG-Chol complex resulted in the attenuation of its cytotoxicity; the NP form of DiO exhibited similar to 30-40% less toxicity compared to DiO(free). Our data demonstrate the utility of the LCNP platform as an efficient vehicle for the combined membrane-targeted delivery and physicochemical modulation of molecular cargos using lipid raft-mediated tethering. C1 [Nag, Okhil K.; Naciri, Jawad; Spillmann, Christopher M.; Delehanty, James B.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Oh, Eunkeu] Naval Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Code 5600,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Oh, Eunkeu] Sotera Def Solut Inc, 7230 Lee DeForest Dr, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. RP Delehanty, JB (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM james.delehanty@nrl.navy.mil FU NRL Base Funding Program [Work Unit MA041-06-41-4943]; National Research Council FX This work was supported by the NRL Base Funding Program (Work Unit MA041-06-41-4943). O.N. is supported by a National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associateship. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1043-1802 J9 BIOCONJUGATE CHEM JI Bioconjugate Chem. PD APR PY 2016 VL 27 IS 4 BP 982 EP 993 DI 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00042 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA DK3JJ UT WOS:000374812600016 PM 26974016 ER PT J AU Johnson, SD Glaser, ER Cheng, SF Hite, J AF Johnson, Scooter D. Glaser, Evan R. Cheng, Shu-Fan Hite, Jennifer TI Dense nanocrystalline yttrium iron garnet films formed at room temperature by aerosol deposition SO MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Ceramics; Magnetic materials; Nanostructures; Microstructure; Magnetic properties ID THIN-FILMS; YIG-FILMS; INDUCTORS; SUBSTRATE; RESONANCE; BEHAVIOR AB We have employed aerosol deposition to form polycrystalline yttrium iron garnet (YIG) films on sapphire at room temperature that are 90-96% dense. We characterize the structural and dynamic magnetic properties of the dense films using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and ferromagnetic resonance techniques. We find that the as-deposited films are pure single-phase YIG formed of compact polycrystallites similar to 20 nm in size. The ferromagnetic resonance mode occurs at 2829 G with a linewidth of 308 G. We perform a series of successive anneals up to 1000 degrees C on a film to explore heat treatment on the ferromagnetic resonance linewidth. We find the narrowest linewidth of 98 G occurs after a 750 degrees C anneal. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Johnson, Scooter D.; Glaser, Evan R.; Cheng, Shu-Fan; Hite, Jennifer] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Johnson, SD (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM scooter.johnson@nrl.navy.mil NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-5408 EI 1873-4227 J9 MATER RES BULL JI Mater. Res. Bull. PD APR PY 2016 VL 76 BP 365 EP 369 DI 10.1016/j.materresbull.2015.12.024 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DJ4RP UT WOS:000374195700051 ER PT J AU Spingola, C Dallacasa, D Orienti, M Giroletti, M McKean, JP Cheung, CC Hovatta, T Ciprini, S D'Ammando, F Falco, E Larsson, S Max-Moerbeck, W Ojha, R Readhead, ACS Richards, JL Scargle, J AF Spingola, C. Dallacasa, D. Orienti, M. Giroletti, M. McKean, J. P. Cheung, C. C. Hovatta, T. Ciprini, S. D'Ammando, F. Falco, E. Larsson, S. Max-Moerbeck, W. Ojha, R. Readhead, A. C. S. Richards, J. L. Scargle, J. TI Radio follow-up of the gamma-ray flaring gravitational lens JVAS B0218+357 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: strong; quasars: individual: JVAS B0218+357 ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; BLAZAR PKS 1830-211; ALL-SKY SURVEY; SUPERLUMINAL MOTION; SYSTEM B0218+357; BRIGHT BLAZARS; EINSTEIN RING; TIME-DELAY; VARIABILITY AB We present results on multifrequency Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) monitoring observations of the double-image gravitationally lensed blazar JVAS B0218+357. Multi-epoch observations started less than one month after the gamma-ray flare detected in 2012 by the Large Area Telescope on board Fermi, and spanned a 2-month interval. The radio light curves did not reveal any significant flux density variability, suggesting that no clear correlation between the high-energy and low-energy emission is present. This behaviour was confirmed also by the long-term Owens Valley Radio Observatory monitoring data at 15 GHz. The milliarcsecond-scale resolution provided by the VLBA observations allowed us to resolve the two images of the lensed blazar, which have a core-jet structure. No significant morphological variation is found by the analysis of the multi-epoch data, suggesting that the region responsible for the gamma-ray variability is located in the core of the active galactic nuclei, which is opaque up to the highest observing frequency of 22 GHz. C1 [Spingola, C.; Dallacasa, D.; D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartmento Astron, Via Ranzani 1, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Spingola, C.; Dallacasa, D.; Orienti, M.; Giroletti, M.; D'Ammando, F.] INAF Ist Radioastron, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Spingola, C.; McKean, J. P.] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, POB 800, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [McKean, J. P.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron ASTRON, POB 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Cheung, C. C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hovatta, T.] Aalto Univ Metsahovi Radio Observ, Metsahovintie 114, FI-02540 Kylmala, Finland. [Ciprini, S.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ciprini, S.] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Roma, Italy. [Falco, E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Larsson, S.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Larsson, S.] AlbaNova, Oscar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Larsson, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Max-Moerbeck, W.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, POB 0, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Ojha, R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ojha, R.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Ojha, R.] Catholic Univ Amer, 620 Michigan Ave NE, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Readhead, A. C. S.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Richards, J. L.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 525 Northwestern Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Scargle, J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Spingola, C; Dallacasa, D (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dipartmento Astron, Via Ranzani 1, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.; Spingola, C; Dallacasa, D; Orienti, M (reprint author), INAF Ist Radioastron, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.; Spingola, C (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, POB 800, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. EM spingola@astro.rug.nl; ddallaca@ira.inaf.it; orienti@ira.inaf.it OI Spingola, Cristiana/0000-0002-2231-6861 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; NASA Guest Investigator programme [13-FERMI13-0009]; Royal Swedish Academy Crafoord Foundation; NASA [NNX08AW31G, NNX11A043G]; NSF [AST-0808050, AST-1109911]; NASA through Fermi Guest Investigator grants [NNH09ZDA001N, NNH10ZDA001N, NNH12ZDA001N, NNH13ZDA001N-FERMI] FX The VLBA is operated by the US National Radio Astronomy Observatory which is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under a cooperative agreement by Associated University, Inc., under contract with the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.; CCC was supported at NRL by NASA Guest Investigator programme 13-FERMI13-0009. SL was supported by the Royal Swedish Academy Crafoord Foundation. We thank the NRAO Schedsoc for approving our request and Mark Claussen for facilitating the VLBA scheduling. The OVRO 40-m monitoring programme is supported in part by NASA grants NNX08AW31G and NNX11A043G, and NSF grants AST-0808050 and AST-1109911.; This research was funded in part by NASA through Fermi Guest Investigator grants NNH09ZDA001N, NNH10ZDA001N, NNH12ZDA001N, NNH13ZDA001N-FERMI. This research was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Goddard Space Flight Center, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2016 VL 457 IS 2 BP 2263 EP 2271 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw136 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DI6AB UT WOS:000373580500086 ER PT J AU Vaxenburg, R Rodina, A Lifshitz, E Efros, AL AF Vaxenburg, Roman Rodina, Anna Lifshitz, Efrat Efros, Alexander L. TI Biexciton Auger Recombination in CdSe/CdS Core/Shell Semiconductor Nanocrystals SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Auger recombination; biexciton; CdSe/CdS; core/shell; nanocrystal; quantum dot ID QUANTUM DOTS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; BAND-STRUCTURE; DOPED GLASSES; OPTICAL GAIN; SPECTROSCOPY; SUPPRESSION; BLINKING; APPROXIMATION; NONBLINKING AB A theoretical study of the positive and negative trion channels in the nonradiative Auger recombination of band-edge biexcitons (BXs) in CdSe/CdS core/shell nanocrystals (NCs) is presented. The theory takes into account the BX fine-structure produced by NC asymmetry and hole-hole exchange interaction. The calculations show that growth of CdS shell upon CdSe core suppresses the rate of the Auger recombination via negative trion channel, while the more efficient Auger recombination via positive trion channel shows much weaker dependence on the shell thickness. The demonstrated oscillatory dependence of the BX Auger rate on the core and shell sizes is explained qualitatively in terms of overlap of the ground and excited carrier wave functions. The calculations show that raise of temperature accelerates the Auger recombination in CdSe/CdS NCs due to reduction of the bulk energy gaps of CdSe and CdS. C1 [Vaxenburg, Roman] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Rodina, Anna] Russian Acad Sci, Ioffe Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [Lifshitz, Efrat] Technion Israel Inst Technol, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Efros, Alexander L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Efros, AL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM efros@nrl.navy.mil RI Vaxenburg, Roman/P-8190-2016 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); NCCR SwissMAP of the Swiss National Science Foundation; Israel Council for High Education - Focal Area Technology [872967]; Volkswagen Stiftung [88116]; Niedersachsen-Deutsche Technion Gesellschaft E.V [ZN2916]; Israel Science Foundation [1508/14, 914/15]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program FX R.V. acknowledges the financial support of the Office of Naval Research (ONR). A.R. acknowledges the support from the NCCR SwissMAP of the Swiss National Science Foundation. E.L. acknowledges the financial support of the Israel Council for High Education - Focal Area Technology (No. 872967), the Volkswagen Stiftung (No. 88116), the Niedersachsen-Deutsche Technion Gesellschaft E.V (No. ZN2916), and the Israel Science Foundation projects No. 1508/14 and 914/15. Al.L.E. acknowledges the financial support of the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program. NR 53 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 13 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2016 VL 16 IS 4 BP 2503 EP 2511 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00066 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DJ5UC UT WOS:000374274600056 PM 26950398 ER PT J AU Aulbach, J Erwin, SC Claessen, R Schafer, J AF Aulbach, J. Erwin, S. C. Claessen, R. Schaefer, J. TI Spin Chains and Electron Transfer at Stepped Silicon Surfaces SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Spin chains; atomic wires; charge ordering; defect doping; scanning tunneling spectroscopy; density functional theory ID GRAPHENE NANORIBBONS; EDGES; WIRE AB High-index surfaces of silicon with adsorbed gold can reconstruct to form highly ordered linear step arrays. These steps take the form of a narrow strip of graphitic silicon. In some cases-specifically, for Si(553)-Au and Si(557)-Au-a large fraction of the silicon atoms at the exposed edge of this strip are known to be spin-polarized and charge-ordered along the edge. The periodicity of this charge ordering is always commensurate with the structural periodicity along the step edge and hence leads to highly ordered arrays of local magnetic moments that can be regarded as "spin chains." Here, we demonstrate theoretically as well as experimentally that the closely related Si(775)-Au surface has-despite its very similar overall structure-zero spin polarization at its step edge. Using a combination of density-functional theory and scanning tunneling microscopy, we propose an electron-counting model that accounts for these differences. The model also predicts that unintentional defects and intentional dopants can create local spin moments at Si(hhk)-Au step edges. We analyze in detail one of these predictions and verify it experimentally. This finding opens the door to using techniques of surface chemistry and atom manipulation to create and control silicon spin chains. C1 [Aulbach, J.; Claessen, R.; Schaefer, J.] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Phys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Aulbach, J.; Claessen, R.; Schaefer, J.] Univ Wurzburg, Rontgen Ctr Complex Mat Syst RCCM, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Erwin, S. C.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Schafer, J (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, Inst Phys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.; Schafer, J (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, Rontgen Ctr Complex Mat Syst RCCM, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.; Erwin, SC (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM steve.erwin@nrl.navy.mil; joerg.schaefer@physik.uni-wuerzburg.de RI Claessen, Ralph/A-2045-2017 OI Claessen, Ralph/0000-0003-3682-6325 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SFB 1170, FOR 1700]; Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program FX The authors thank F. J. Himpsel for many helpful discussions. This work was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (through Grants SFB 1170 "TocoTronics" and FOR 1700) and the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program (SCE). Computations were performed at the DoD Major Shared Resource Center at AFRL. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2016 VL 16 IS 4 BP 2698 EP 2704 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00354 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DJ5UC UT WOS:000374274600085 PM 26974012 ER PT J AU Fujii, Y Spiegel, DS Mroczkowski, T Nordhaus, J Zimmerman, NT Parsons, AR Mirbabayi, M Madhusudhan, N AF Fujii, Yuka Spiegel, David S. Mroczkowski, Tony Nordhaus, Jason Zimmerman, Neil T. Parsons, Aaron R. Mirbabayi, Mehrdad Madhusudhan, Nikku TI RADIO EMISSION FROM RED-GIANT HOT JUPITERS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; planets and satellites: individual (Jupiter); radio continuum: planetary systems; stars: AGB and post-AGB; stars: evolution; Sun: evolution ID PLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELDS; STELLAR WIND CONDITIONS; MASS-LOSS RATES; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; CONTINUUM EMISSION; BROWN DWARFS; WHITE-DWARFS; POWER SPECTRUM; ALPHA-ORIONIS; SCALING LAW AB When planet-hosting stars evolve off the main sequence and go through the red-giant branch, the stars become orders of magnitudes more luminous and, at the same time, lose mass at much higher rates than their main-sequence counterparts. Accordingly, if planetary companions exist around these stars at orbital distances of a few au, they will be heated up to the level of canonical hot Jupiters and also be subjected to a dense stellar wind. Given that magnetized planets interacting with stellar winds emit radio waves, such "Red-Giant Hot Jupiters" (RGHJs) may also be candidate radio emitters. We estimate the spectral auroral radio intensity of RGHJs based on the empirical relation with the stellar wind as well as a proposed scaling for planetary magnetic fields. RGHJs might be intrinsically as bright as or brighter than canonical hot Jupiters and about 100 times brighter than equivalent objects around main-sequence stars. We examine the capabilities of low-frequency radio observatories to detect this emission and find that the signal from an RGHJ may be detectable at distances up to a few hundred parsecs with the Square Kilometer Array. C1 [Fujii, Yuka] Tokyo Inst Technol, Earth Life Sci Inst, Tokyo 1528550, Japan. [Fujii, Yuka] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Spiegel, David S.] Stitch Fix, Analyt & Algorithms, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. [Spiegel, David S.] Sum Labs, Res & Dev, New York, NY 10001 USA. [Spiegel, David S.; Mirbabayi, Mehrdad] Inst Adv Study, Dept Astrophys, Olden Lane, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Mroczkowski, Tony] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nordhaus, Jason] Rochester Inst Technol, Natl Tech Inst Deaf, Dept Sci & Math, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Nordhaus, Jason] Rochester Inst Technol, Ctr Computat Relat & Gravitat, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Zimmerman, Neil T.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Parsons, Aaron R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Madhusudhan, Nikku] Univ Cambridge, Dept Astron, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. RP Fujii, Y (reprint author), Tokyo Inst Technol, Earth Life Sci Inst, Tokyo 1528550, Japan.; Fujii, Y (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. EM yuka.fujii@elsi.jp OI Zimmerman, Neil/0000-0001-5484-1516; Mroczkowski, Tony/0000-0003-3816-5372 FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [25887024]; AMIAS group; NASA [AR-12146.04-A]; NSF [AST-1102738, 1352519, 1440343]; National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); NASA Postdoctoral Program at NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies FX Y.F. is supported from the Grant-in-Aid No. 25887024 by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and from an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, administered by Oak Ridge Affiliated Universities. D.S.S. gratefully acknowledges support from a fellowship from the AMIAS group. J.N. acknowledges support from NASA grant HST AR-12146.04-A and NSF grant AST-1102738. We thank David Hogg for encouraging us to pursue calculations of exoplanetary radio emission. We thank Greg Novak for helpful conversations. We thank Jake VanderPlas for developing the XKCD-style plotting package for matplotlib, and acknowledge its use. A.P. is grateful for support from NSF grants 1352519 and 1440343. Y.F. greatly acknowledges insightful and helpful discussions with Tomoki Kimura and Hiroki Harakawa. The portion of this research for which T.M. is responsible was performed under a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). Basic research in radio astronomy at NRL is supported by 6.1 Base funding. NR 94 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2016 VL 820 IS 2 AR 122 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/820/2/122 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DI8HE UT WOS:000373741300041 ER PT J AU Sayers, J Zemcov, M Glenn, J Golwala, SR Maloney, PR Siegel, SR Wheeler, J Bockstiegel, C Brugger, S Czakon, NG Day, PK Downes, TP Duan, RP Gao, JS Hollister, MI Lam, A LeDuc, HG Mazin, BA McHugh, SG Miller, DA Mroczkowski, TK Noroozian, O Nguyen, HT Radford, SJE Schlaerth, JA Vayonakis, A Wilson, PR Zmuidzinas, J AF Sayers, Jack Zemcov, Michael Glenn, Jason Golwala, Sunil R. Maloney, Philip R. Siegel, Seth R. Wheeler, Jordan Bockstiegel, Clint Brugger, Spencer Czakon, Nicole G. Day, Peter K. Downes, Thomas P. Duan, Ran P. Gao, Jiansong Hollister, Matthew I. Lam, Albert LeDuc, Henry G. Mazin, Benjamin A. McHugh, Sean G. Miller, David A. Mroczkowski, Tony K. Noroozian, Omid Nguyen, Hien T. Radford, Simon J. E. Schlaerth, James A. Vayonakis, Anastasios Wilson, Philip R. Zmuidzinas, Jonas TI PECULIAR VELOCITY CONSTRAINTS FROM FIVE-BAND SZ EFFECT MEASUREMENTS TOWARD RX J1347.5-1145 WITH MUSIC AND BOLOCAM FROM THE CSO SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual: (RX. J1347.5-1145); galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium ID SUNYAEV-ZELDOVICH SIGNAL; RELAXED GALAXY CLUSTERS; X-RAY-CLUSTER; SCALING RELATIONS; MACS J0717.5+3745; PRESSURE PROFILES; SAMPLE; GHZ; J1347-1145; COSMOLOGY AB We present Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect measurements from wide-field images toward the galaxy cluster RX. J1347.5-1145 obtained from the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory with the Multiwavelength Submillimeter Inductance Camera at 147, 213, 281, and 337 GHz and with Bolocam at 140 GHz. As part of our analysis, we have used higher frequency data from Herschel-SPIRE and previously published lower frequency radio data to subtract the signal from the brightest dusty star-forming galaxies behind RX. J1347.5-1145 and from the AGN in RX. J1347.5-1145's BCG. Using these five-band SZ effect images, combined with X-ray spectroscopic measurements of the temperature of the intra-cluster medium (ICM) from Chandra, we constrain the ICM optical depth to be tau(e) = 7.33(-0.97)(+0.96) x 10(-3) and the ICM line of sight peculiar velocity to be v(pec) = 1040(-840)(+870) km s(-1). The errors for both quantities are limited by measurement noise rather than calibration uncertainties or astrophysical contamination, and significant improvements are possible with deeper observations. Our best-fit velocity is in good agreement with one previously published SZ effect analysis and in mild tension with the other, although some or all of that tension may be because that measurement samples a much smaller cluster volume. Furthermore, our best-fit optical depth implies a gas mass slightly larger than the Chandra-derived value, implying the cluster is elongated along the line of sight. C1 [Sayers, Jack; Golwala, Sunil R.; Siegel, Seth R.; Hollister, Matthew I.; Lam, Albert; Miller, David A.; Radford, Simon J. E.; Schlaerth, James A.; Vayonakis, Anastasios; Zmuidzinas, Jonas] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Zemcov, Michael] Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Glenn, Jason; Maloney, Philip R.; Wheeler, Jordan; Brugger, Spencer; Schlaerth, James A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Bockstiegel, Clint; Mazin, Benjamin A.; McHugh, Sean G.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Czakon, Nicole G.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. [Day, Peter K.; LeDuc, Henry G.; Nguyen, Hien T.; Wilson, Philip R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Downes, Thomas P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Duan, Ran P.] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Gao, Jiansong] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Mroczkowski, Tony K.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Noroozian, Omid] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Sayers, J (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM jack@caltech.edu OI radford, simon/0000-0001-9113-1660; Mroczkowski, Tony/0000-0003-3816-5372 FU Norris Foundation Fellowship; NASA Graduate Student Research Fellowship; NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; JPL internal funds; NSF; NASA FX We thank the anonymous referee for his or her extensive suggestions to improve this manuscript. We acknowledge the assistance of: the day crew and Hilo staff of the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory, who provided invaluable assistance during data-taking for this data set; Kathy Deniston and Diana Bisel, who provided effective administrative support at Caltech and in Hilo; J.S. was partially supported by a Norris Foundation Fellowship; N.G.C. was partially supported by a NASA Graduate Student Research Fellowship; S.R.S. was supported by a NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship; MUSIC was constructed and commissioned with funding provided by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, JPL internal funds, and the NSF Advanced Technologies and Instrumentation (ATI) and Astronomy and Astrophysics Grants (AAG) Programs. This work is based in part on observations made with Herschel, a European Space Agency Cornerstone Mission with a significant participation by NASA. Partial support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. This research was performed while TM held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2016 VL 820 IS 2 AR 101 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/820/2/101 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DI8HE UT WOS:000373741300020 ER PT J AU Baltensperger, A Haischer, G Rohena, L AF Baltensperger, Austin Haischer, Gayle Rohena, Luis TI Rare case of live born with confirmed mosaic trisomy 17 and review of the literature SO CLINICAL CASE REPORTS LA English DT Review DE Aneuploidy; mosaic; Trisomy 17 ID AMNIOCYTES AB Key Clinical MessageThis article describes both previously reported as well as new phenotypic features in a trisomy 17 mosaic patient. The gold standard for postnatal diagnosis remains fibroblast analysis, though the level of mosaicism does not correlate with prognosis. A normal ultrasound in the setting of positive amniocentesis appears a reassuring indicator. C1 [Baltensperger, Austin; Rohena, Luis] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Haischer, Gayle] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, 620 John Paul Jones Cir, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Rohena, L (reprint author), San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Luis.o.rohena.mil@mail.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2050-0904 J9 CLIN CASE REP JI Clin. Case Rep. PD APR PY 2016 VL 4 IS 4 BP 420 EP 424 DI 10.1002/ccr3.397 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DJ2CQ UT WOS:000374011700028 PM 27099743 ER PT J AU Lambrakos, SG AF Lambrakos, S. G. TI Parametric Modeling of Welding Processes Using Numerical-Analytical Basis Functions and Equivalent Source Distributions SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE joining; modeling and simulation; thermal analysis; welding ID INVERSE HEAT-CONDUCTION; CONJUGATE-GRADIENT METHOD; PARALLEL-PLATE DUCT; NATURAL-CONVECTION; THERMAL-ANALYSIS; SOLIDIFICATION PROCESSES; MULTIPLE CONSTRAINTS; MOLLIFICATION METHOD; FINITE-DIFFERENCES; RADIATION PROBLEM AB A general methodology for inverse thermal analysis of steady-state energy deposition in plate structures, typically welds, is extended with respect to its formulation. This methodology is in terms of numerical-analytical basis functions, which provide parametric representations of weld-temperature histories that can be adopted as input data to various types of computational procedures, such as those for prediction of solid-state phase transformations and mechanical response. The extension of the methodology presented here concerns construction of numerical-analytical basis functions and their associated parameterizations, which permit optimal and convenient parameter optimization with respect to different types of weld-workpiece boundary conditions, energy source characteristics, and experimental measurements adoptable as weld-temperature history constraints. Prototype inverse thermal analyses of a steel weld are presented that provide proof of concept for inverse thermal analysis using these basis functions. C1 [Lambrakos, S. G.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lambrakos, SG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM samuel.lambrakos@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX This work was supported by a Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) internal core program. NR 108 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 EI 1544-1024 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD APR PY 2016 VL 25 IS 4 BP 1360 EP 1375 DI 10.1007/s11665-016-1970-2 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DI9VL UT WOS:000373850700013 ER PT J AU Russell, J AF Russell, James TI A Gentle Occupation: Dutch Military Operations in Iraq, 2003-2005 SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Russell, James] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Russell, J (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 EI 1543-7795 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 2016 VL 80 IS 2 BP 620 EP 621 PG 2 WC History SC History GA DI8KZ UT WOS:000373751200078 ER PT J AU Boyd, DA Frantz, JA Bayya, SS Busse, LE Kim, W Aggarwal, I Poutous, M Sanghera, JS AF Boyd, Darryl A. Frantz, Jesse A. Bayya, Shyam S. Busse, Lynda E. Kim, Woohong Aggarwal, Ishwar Poutous, Menelaos Sanghera, Jasbinder S. TI Modification of nanostructured fused silica for use as superhydrophobic, IR-transmissive, anti-reflective surfaces SO OPTICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Moth eye; Fused silica; Infrared transmission; Anti-reflection; Superhydrophobic ID BROAD-BAND; COATINGS; FIBERS; GLASS AB In order to mimic and enhance the properties of moth eye-like materials, nanopatterned fused silica was chemically modified to produce self-cleaning substrates that have anti-reflective and infrared transmissive properties. The characteristics of these substrates were evaluated before and after chemical modification. Furthermore, their properties were compared to fused silica that was devoid of surface features. The chemical modification imparted superhydrophobic character to the substrates, as demonstrated by the average water contact angles which exceeded 170 degrees. Finally, optical analysis of the substrates revealed that the infrared transmission capabilities of the fused silica substrates (nanopatterned to have moth eye on one side) were superior to those of the regular fused silica substrates within the visible and near infrared region of the light spectrum, with transmission values of 95% versus 92%, respectively. The superior transmission properties of the fused silica moth eye were virtually unchanged following chemical modification. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Boyd, Darryl A.; Frantz, Jesse A.; Bayya, Shyam S.; Busse, Lynda E.; Kim, Woohong; Sanghera, Jasbinder S.] Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Poutous, Menelaos] Univ N Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. RP Boyd, DA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM darryl.boyd@nrl.navy.mil FU Jerome & Isabella Karle Fellowship FX We would like to kindly thank Dr. Erick Iezzi for the use of his labs' goniometer. The work was supported by the Jerome & Isabella Karle Fellowship. The views are those of the authors and do not represent the opinion or policy of the US Navy or Department of Defense. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-3467 EI 1873-1252 J9 OPT MATER JI Opt. Mater. PD APR PY 2016 VL 54 BP 195 EP 199 DI 10.1016/j.optmat.2016.02.035 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA DJ0BM UT WOS:000373866400031 ER PT J AU Narasimhan, K Ramanadham, S O'Reilly, E Rohrich, RJ AF Narasimhan, Kailash Ramanadham, Smita O'Reilly, Eamon Rohrich, Rod J. TI Secondary Neck Lift and the Importance of Midline Platysmaplasty: Review of 101 Cases SO PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article ID FACE LIFT; LIPOSUCTION AB Background: The authors believe that open access to the submental region, platysmaplasty, and wide skin undermining provide the most long-lasting results in neck rejuvenation, and sought to evaluate this hypothesis by reviewing their neck-lift patients. Methods: The authors performed a retrospective chart review of their experience with neck-lift procedures and patients who underwent a secondary procedure. Patient age, sex, initial technique, visible neck deformities, and reasons for revision were assessed. Photographs were used to assess the features of persistent or recurrent neck-lift deformity and techniques to correct them. Results: Of 1089 neck lifts reviewed, 101 patients underwent secondary or revision procedures (approximately 10 percent of total). The average patient age was 57.4 years, 95 percent were women, and secondary procedures were performed 10.3 years after the first procedure. Seventy percent of the revisions were of the authors' own primary neck lifts, and all of these after 10 years. The most common aesthetic deformities-recurrent platysmal bands (87 percent), persistent/recurrent jowling (48 percent), fat malposition/irregularities (10 percent), and vertical band deformity (8 percent)-were most often corrected with open platysmaplasty and medial or lateral plication and skin redraping. All patients had their submental region opened in the secondary procedure. All secondary operations were performed at least 10 years after primary surgery. Conclusions: The authors believe their technique of open submental neck access and platysmal approximation in patients with medial bands provides long-lasting results. The authors use precise preoperative evaluation, recontouring of neck fat irregularities, opening of the submental region with platysmaplasty, drains, and strict hemostasis. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, IV. C1 [Narasimhan, Kailash] Sherman Surg Ctr, 1111 Sara Swamy Dr, Sherman, TX 75090 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Med, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, Boston, MA 02215 USA. United States Navy, Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Plast Surg, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Plast Surg, Dallas, TX USA. RP Narasimhan, K (reprint author), Sherman Surg Ctr, 1111 Sara Swamy Dr, Sherman, TX 75090 USA. EM nkailash100@yahoo.com NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0032-1052 EI 1529-4242 J9 PLAST RECONSTR SURG JI Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD APR PY 2016 VL 137 IS 4 BP 667E EP 675E DI 10.1097/PRS.0000000000002003 PG 9 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA DI8VF UT WOS:000373779600001 PM 27018694 ER PT J AU Gaskill, T Pullen, WM Bryant, B Sicignano, N Evans, AM AF Gaskill, Trevor Pullen, W. Michael Bryant, Brandon Sicignano, Nicholas Evans, Amber M. TI Confounding by Indication: Response SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP Gaskill, T (reprint author), MC USN, San Diego, CA USA. EM gaski011@gmail.com NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0363-5465 EI 1552-3365 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD APR PY 2016 VL 44 IS 4 BP NP12 EP NP13 DI 10.1177/0363546516638073 PG 2 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA DI7FX UT WOS:000373665800002 PM 27034332 ER PT J AU Park, J Kim, W Han, DK Ko, H AF Park, Jinsoo Kim, Wooil Han, David K. Ko, Hanseok TI Two-Microphone Generalized Sidelobe Canceller with Post-Filter Based Speech Enhancement in Composite Noise SO ETRI JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Two-microphone speech enhancement; nonstationary noise; generalized sidelobe canceller; spectral classification; beamforming; Wiener filter ID RECOGNITION; BEAMFORMER AB This paper describes an algorithm to suppress composite noise in a two-microphone speech enhancement system for robust hands-free speech communication. The proposed algorithm has four stages. The first stage estimates the power spectral density of the residual stationary noise, which is based on the detection of nonstationary signal-dominant time-frequency bins (TFBs) at the generalized sidelobe canceller output. Second, speech-dominant TFBs are identified among the previously detected nonstationary signal-dominant TFBs, and power spectral densities of speech and residual nonstationary noise are estimated. In the final stage, the bin-wise output signal-to-noise ratio is obtained with these power estimates and a Wiener post-filter is constructed to attenuate the residual noise. Compared to the conventional beamforming and post-filter algorithms, the proposed speech enhancement algorithm shows significant performance improvement in terms of perceptual evaluation of speech quality. C1 [Park, Jinsoo] Korea Univ, Dept Biomicrosyst Technol, Seoul, South Korea. [Kim, Wooil] Incheon Natl Univ, Sch Comp Sci Engn, Inchon, South Korea. [Han, David K.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. [Ko, Hanseok] Korea Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Seoul, South Korea. RP Ko, H (reprint author), Korea Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Seoul, South Korea. EM jspark@ispl.korea.ac.kr; wikim@inu.ac.kr; ctmkhan@gmail.com; hsko@korea.ac.kr FU Brain Korea 21Plus Project FX This work was supported by the Brain Korea 21Plus Project in 2015. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELECTRONICS TELECOMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH INST PI TAEJON PA 161 KAJONG-DONG, YUSONG-GU, TAEJON 305-350, SOUTH KOREA SN 1225-6463 EI 2233-7326 J9 ETRI J JI ETRI J. PD APR PY 2016 VL 38 IS 2 SI SI BP 366 EP 375 DI 10.4218/etrij.16.0115.0472 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA DI7CN UT WOS:000373656800017 ER PT J AU Jensen, AE Palombo, LJ Niederberger, B Turcotte, LP Kelly, KR AF Jensen, Andrew E. Palombo, Laura J. Niederberger, Brenda Turcotte, Lorraine P. Kelly, Karen R. TI Exercise training with blood flow restriction has little effect on muscular strength and does not change IGF-1 in fit military warfighters SO GROWTH HORMONE & IGF RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Blood flow restriction; Exercise; Insulin-like growth factor-1; IGF axis; Warfighters ID INTENSITY RESISTANCE EXERCISE; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; VASCULAR OCCLUSION; BINDING PROTEIN-3; MUSCLE; HORMONE; INSULIN; THRESHOLD; RESPONSES; IGFBP-3 AB Objective: Aerobic exercise with blood flow restriction (aBFR) has been proposed as an adjunctive modality in numerous populations, potentially via an enhanced growth factor response. However, the effects of aBFR on highly trained warfighters have yet to be examined. The purpose of this study was to determine if adjunctive aBFR as part of a regular physical training regimen would increase markers of aerobic fitness and muscle strength in elite warfighters. In addition, we sought to determine whether the changes in blood lactate concentration induced by aBFR would be associated with alterations in the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis. Design: Active-duty US Naval Special Warfare Operators (n = 18, age = 36.8 +/- 2.2 years, weight = 89.1 +/- 1.2 kg, height = 181.5 +/- 1.4 cm) from Naval Amphibious Base Coronado were recruited to participate in 20 days of adjunctive aBFR training. Peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak), ventilatory threshold (VT), and 1-repetition max (1-RM) bench press and squat were assessed pre- and post-aBFR training. Blood lactate and plasma IGF-1 and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) were assessed pre-, 2 min post-, and 30 min post-aBFR on days 1, 9, and 20 of aBFR training. Results: Following aBFR training there were no changes in VO2 peak or VT, but there was an increase in the 1-RM for the bench press and the squat (5.0 and 3.9%, respectively, P < 0.05). Blood lactate concentration at the 2-min post-exercise time point was 4.5-7.2-fold higher than pre-exercise levels on all days (P < 0.001). At the 30-min post-exercise time point, blood lactate was still 1.6-2.6-fold higher than pre-exercise levels (P < 0.001), but had decreased by 49-56% from the 2-min post-exercise time point (P < 0.001). Plasma IGF-1 concentrations did not change over the course of the study. On day 9, plasma IGFBP-3 concentration was 4-22% lower than on day 1 (P < 0.01) and 22% lower on day 9 than on day 20 at the 30-min post-exercise time point (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Our data suggest that aBFR training does not lead to practical strength adaptations or alterations in the IGF axis in a population of highly trained warfighters. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Jensen, Andrew E.; Palombo, Laura J.; Niederberger, Brenda; Kelly, Karen R.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Warfighter Performance Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Jensen, Andrew E.; Turcotte, Lorraine P.; Kelly, Karen R.] Univ So Calif, Dana & David Dornsife Coll Letters Arts & Sci, Human & Evolutionary Biol Sect, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Kelly, KR (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Warfighter Performance Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM Karen.R.Kelly8.civ@mail.mil FU Naval Special Warfare Center, Coronado, California FX We would like to thank Chase Sullivan and Nico Lautmann for their assistance with subject management and scheduling. This study was supported by Naval Special Warfare Center, Coronado, California. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 8 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 1096-6374 EI 1532-2238 J9 GROWTH HORM IGF RES JI Growth Horm. IGF Res. PD APR PY 2016 VL 27 BP 33 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.ghir.2016.02.003 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DI5PX UT WOS:000373552200005 PM 26922387 ER PT J AU El Fatimy, A Myers-Ward, RL Boyd, AK Daniels, KM Gaskill, DK Barbara, P AF El Fatimy, Abdel Myers-Ward, Rachael L. Boyd, Anthony K. Daniels, Kevin M. Gaskill, D. Kurt Barbara, Paola TI Epitaxial graphene quantum dots for high-performance terahertz bolometers SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HOT-ELECTRON BOLOMETER; BILAYER GRAPHENE; DETECTORS AB Light absorption in graphene causes a large change in electron temperature due to the low electronic heat capacity and weak electron-phonon coupling(1-3). This property makes graphene a very attractive material for hot-electron bolometers in the terahertz frequency range. Unfortunately, the weak variation of electrical resistance with temperature results in limited responsivity for absorbed power. Here, we show that, due to quantum confinement, quantum dots of epitaxial graphene on SiC exhibit an extraordinarily high variation of resistance with temperature (higher than 430 M Omega K-1 below 6 K), leading to responsivities of 1 x 10(10) V W-1, a figure that is five orders of magnitude higher than other types of graphene hot-electron bolometer. The high responsivity, combined with an extremely low electrical noise-equivalent power (similar to 2 x 10(-16) W Hz(-1/2) at 2.5 K), already places our bolometers well above commercial cooled bolometers. Additionally, we show that these quantum dot bolometers demonstrate good performance at temperature as high as 77 K. C1 [El Fatimy, Abdel; Barbara, Paola] Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Myers-Ward, Rachael L.; Boyd, Anthony K.; Daniels, Kevin M.; Gaskill, D. Kurt] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP El Fatimy, A; Barbara, P (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA. EM ae497@georgetown.edu; paola.barbara@georgetown.edu OI el fatimy, abdelouahad/0000-0001-6500-7762 FU US Office of Naval Research [N000141310865]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (DURIP) [FA9550-09-1-0434]; US Office of Naval Research; American Association of Engineering Education FX The work at Georgetown University was supported by the US Office of Naval Research (award no. N000141310865) and by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (DURIP FA9550-09-1-0434). Work at NRL was supported by the US Office of Naval Research. A.K.B. is grateful for an American Association of Engineering Education post-doctoral fellowship and K.M.D. is a National Research Council Fellow. The devices were fabricated in the Georgetown Nanoscience and Microtechnology Laboratory. The authors thank H. D. Drew, A. B. Sushkov, T. E. Murphy, M. S. Fuhrer, Y. Yang and R. Elmquist for discussions. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 25 U2 71 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 EI 1748-3395 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD APR PY 2016 VL 11 IS 4 BP 335 EP + DI 10.1038/NNANO.2015.303 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DI4FJ UT WOS:000373455500009 PM 26727199 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Adkins, JK Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alekseev, I Aparin, A Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, EC Attri, A Averichev, GS Bai, X Bairathi, V Banerjee, A Bellwied, R Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattarai, P Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Bouchet, J Brandenburg, JD Brandin, AV Bunzarov, I Butterworth, J Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Campbell, JM Cebra, D Chakaberia, I Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chattopadhyay, S Chen, X Chen, JH Cheng, J Cherney, M Christie, W Contin, G Crawford, HJ Das, S De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA di Ruzza, B Didenko, L Dilks, C Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Engelage, J Eppley, G Esha, R Evdokimov, O Eyser, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Federic, P Fedorisin, J Feng, Z Filip, P Fisyak, Y Flores, CE Fulek, L Gagliardi, CA Garamd, D Geurts, F Gibson, A Girard, M Greiner, L Grosnick, D Gunarathne, DS Guo, Y Gupta, A Gupta, S Guryn, W Hamad, A Hamed, A Haque, R Harris, JW He, L Heppelmann, S Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Horvat, S Huang, X Huang, HZ Huang, B Huang, T Huck, P Humanic, TJ Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jang, H Jentsch, A Jia, J Jiang, K Judd, EG Kabana, S Kalinkin, D Kang, K Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Khan, ZH Kikola, DP Kisel, I Kisiel, A Kochenda, L Koetke, DD Kosarzewski, LK Kraishan, AF Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Landry, KD Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Li, C Li, Y Li, W Li, X Li, X Lin, T Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Lomnitz, M Longacre, RS Luo, X Ma, R Ma, L Ma, GL Ma, YG Magdy, N Majka, R Manion, A Margetis, S Markert, C McDonald, D Meehan, K Mei, JC Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mishra, D Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Mustafa, MK Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nigmatkulov, G Niida, T Nogach, LV Noh, SY Novak, J Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Okorokov, VA Olvitt, D Page, BS Pak, R Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Pile, P Pluta, J Poniatowska, K Porter, J Posik, M Poskanzer, AM Pruthi, NK Putschke, J Qiu, H Quintero, A Ramachandran, S Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Roy, A Ruan, L Rusnak, J Rusnakova, O Sahoo, NR Sahu, PK Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, WB Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shanmuganathan, PV Shao, M Sharma, MK Sharma, B Shen, WQ Shi, Z Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtennann, EP Sikora, R Simko, M Singha, S Skoby, MJ Smirnov, D Smirnov, N Solyst, W Song, L Sorensen, P Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Stepanov, M Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Sumbera, M Summa, B Sun, Y Sun, Z Sun, XM Surrow, B Svirida, DN Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarnowsky, T Tawfik, A Thaeder, J Thomas, JH Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Todoroki, T Tokarev, M Trenuilange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Tripathy, SK Tsai, OD Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Upsal, I Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vandenbroucke, M Varma, R Vasiliev, AN Vertesi, R Videbaek, F Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wang, JS Wang, Y Wang, F Wang, Y Wang, H Wang, G Webb, JC Webb, G Wen, L Westfall, GD Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xiao, ZG Xie, X Xie, W Xin, K Xu, N Xu, YF Xu, Z Xu, QH Xu, J Xu, H Yang, Q Yang, Y Yang, S Yang, Y Yang, C Yang, Y Ye, Z Ye, Z Yepes, P Yi, L Yip, K Yoo, IK Yu, N Zbroszczyk, H Zha, W Zhang, S Zhang, Z Zhang, S Zhang, JB Zhang, Y Zhang, J Zhang, J Zhan, XP Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhou, L Zhu, X Zoulkarneeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Adamczyk, L. Adkins, J. K. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alekseev, I. Aparin, A. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. C. Attri, A. Averichev, G. S. Bai, X. Bairathi, V. Banerjee, A. Bellwied, R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhattarai, P. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Bouchet, J. Brandenburg, J. D. Brandin, A. V. Bunzarov, I. Butterworth, J. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Campbell, J. M. Cebra, D. Chakaberia, I. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, X. Chen, J. H. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Christie, W. Contin, G. Crawford, H. J. Das, S. De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. di Ruzza, B. Didenko, L. Dilks, C. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Esha, R. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Federic, P. Fedorisin, J. Feng, Z. Filip, P. Fisyak, Y. Flores, C. E. Fulek, L. Gagliardi, C. A. Garand, D. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Girard, M. Greiner, L. Grosnick, D. Gunarathne, D. S. Guo, Y. Gupta, A. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Hamad, A. Hamed, A. Haque, R. Harris, J. W. He, L. Heppelmann, S. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Horvat, S. Huang, X. Huang, H. Z. Huang, B. Huang, T. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jang, H. Jentsch, A. Jia, J. Jiang, K. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kalinkin, D. Kang, K. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Khan, Z. H. Kikola, D. P. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Kochenda, L. Koetke, D. D. Kosarzewski, L. K. Kraishan, A. F. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Landry, K. D. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Li, C. Li, Y. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Lin, T. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Lomnitz, M. Longacre, R. S. Luo, X. Ma, R. Ma, L. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Magdy, N. Majka, R. Manion, A. Margetis, S. Markert, C. McDonald, D. Meehan, K. Mei, J. C. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mishra, D. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Mustafa, M. K. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nigmatkulov, G. Niida, T. Nogach, L. V. Noh, S. Y. Novak, J. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Okorokov, V. A. Olvitt, D., Jr. Page, B. S. Pak, R. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Pile, P. Pluta, J. Poniatowska, K. Porter, J. Posik, M. Poskanzer, A. M. Pruthi, N. K. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Quintero, A. Ramachandran, S. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Roy, A. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Rusnakova, O. Sahoo, N. R. Sahu, P. K. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shanmuganathan, P. V. Shao, M. Sharma, M. K. Sharma, B. Shen, W. Q. Shi, Z. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtennann, E. P. Sikora, R. Simko, M. Singha, S. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, D. Smirnov, N. Solyst, W. Song, L. Sorensen, P. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Stepanov, M. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Sumbera, M. Summa, B. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Sun, X. M. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarnowsky, T. Tawfik, A. Thaeder, J. Thomas, J. H. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Todoroki, T. Tokarev, M. Trenuilange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Tripathy, S. K. Tsai, O. D. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Upsal, I. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vandenbroucke, M. Varma, R. Vasiliev, A. N. Vertesi, R. Videbaek, F. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wang, J. S. Wang, Y. Wang, F. Wang, Y. Wang, H. Wang, G. Webb, J. C. Webb, G. Wen, L. Westfall, G. D. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xiao, Z. G. Xie, X. Xie, W. Xin, K. Xu, N. Xu, Y. F. Xu, Z. Xu, Q. H. Xu, J. Xu, H. Yang, Q. Yang, Y. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, C. Yang, Y. Ye, Z. Ye, Z. Yepes, P. Yi, L. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K Yu, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zha, W. Zhang, S. Zhang, Z. Zhang, S. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, Y. Zhang, J. Zhang, J. Zhan, X. P. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhou, L. Zhu, X. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zyzak, M. CA STAR Collaboration TI Measurement of the Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetry in p up arrow plus p -> W-+/-/Z(0) at RHIC SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; PROTON ELASTIC-SCATTERING; FINAL-STATE INTERACTIONS; ROOT-S=200 GEV; DRELL-YAN AB We present the measurement of the transverse single-spin asymmetry of weak boson production in transversely polarized proton-proton collisions at root s = 500 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The measured observable is sensitive to the Sivers function, one of the transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions, which is predicted to have the opposite sign in proton-proton collisions from that observed in deep inelastic lepton-proton scattering. These data provide the first experimental investigation of the nonuniversality of the Sivers function, fundamental to our understanding of QCD. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Fulek, L.; Sikora, R.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, FPACS, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Bland, L. C.; Chakaberia, I.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Eyser, O.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Jia, J.; Ke, H. W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Ma, R.; Ogawa, A.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Pawlik, B.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, W. B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Todoroki, T.; Tribedy, P.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Videbaek, F.; Wang, H.; Webb, J. C.; Webb, G.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Draper, J. E.; Flores, C. E.; Heppelmann, S.; Meehan, K.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dunkelberger, L. E.; Esha, R.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Landry, K. D.; Nasim, Md.; Pan, Y. X.; Trenuilange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Wen, L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Bai, X.; Feng, Z.; Huck, P.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Pei, H.; Shi, S. S.; Sun, X. M.; Wang, Y.; Xu, J.; Yang, Y.; Yu, N.; Zhang, J. B.] Cent China Normal Univ, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Huang, B.; Khan, Z. H.; Pandit, Y.; Ye, Z.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; De Silva, L. C.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Rusnakova, O.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Federic, P.; Rusnak, J.; Simko, M.; Sumbera, M.; Vertesi, R.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Prague 25068, Czech Republic. [Kisel, I.; Stock, R.; Zyzak, M.] Frankfiut Inst Adv Studies FIAS, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Das, S.; Sahu, P. K.; Tripathy, S. K.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Kalinkin, D.; Lin, T.; Skoby, M. J.; Solyst, W.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhaov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.; Sharma, M. K.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Aparin, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Bouchet, J.; Hamad, A.; Kabana, S.; Keane, D.; Lomnitz, M.; Margetis, S.; Quintero, A.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Singha, S.; Wu, Y.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Adkins, J. K.; Fatemi, R.; Ramachandran, S.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Jang, H.; Noh, S. Y.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon 305701, South Korea. [Chen, X.; Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Contin, G.; Dong, X.; Greiner, L.; Manion, A.; Mustafa, M. K.; Odyniec, G.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Shi, Z.; Sichtennann, E. P.; Thaeder, J.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kochenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Okorokov, V. A.; Strikhanov, M.] Natl Res Nucl Univ MEPhl, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Bairathi, V.; Haque, R.; Mishra, D.; Mohanty, B.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Huang, T.; Yang, Y.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Campbell, J. M.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Upsal, I.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Pawlik, B.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Attri, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Dilks, C.; Heppelmann, S.; Summa, B.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia. [Garand, D.; He, L.; Hirsch, A.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B.; Stepanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Xie, W.; Zhao, J.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I-K] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 46241, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Brandenburg, J. D.; Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Roberts, J. B.; Tlusty, D.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Guo, Y.; Jiang, K.; Li, C.; Li, X.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Xie, X.; Yang, Q.; Yang, S.; Yang, C.; Zha, W.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, Y.; Zhou, L.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Mei, J. C.; Xu, Q. H.; Zhang, J.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chen, J. H.; Li, W.; Ma, L.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shah, N.; Shen, W. Q.; Shou, Q. Y.; Xu, Y. F.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, Z.; Zhong, C.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Magdy, N.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Gunarathne, D. S.; Kraishan, A. F.; Li, X.; Olvitt, D., Jr.; Posik, M.; Surrow, B.; Vandenbroucke, M.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Chang, Z.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mondal, M. M.; Sahoo, N. R.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bhattarai, P.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Jentsch, A.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; McDonald, D.; Song, L.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Huang, X.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Zhan, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Drachenberg, J. L.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Banerjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Nayak, T. K.; Roy, A.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Girard, M.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisiel, A.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, PL-00661 Warsaw, Poland. [Kauder, K.; Llope, W. J.; Niida, T.; Putschke, J.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Tawfik, A.] World Lab Cosmol & Particle Phys WLCAPP, Cairo 11571, Egypt. [Caines, H.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.; Yi, L.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Adamczyk, L (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, FPACS, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RI Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Gunarathne, Devika/C-4903-2017; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Yi, Li/Q-1705-2016; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Tawfik, Abdel Nasser/M-6220-2013; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017 OI Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Gunarathne, Devika/0000-0002-7155-7418; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Yi, Li/0000-0002-7512-2657; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Tawfik, Abdel Nasser/0000-0002-1679-0225; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345 FU Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; Ministry of Education; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; National Research Foundation of Korea; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FIAS of Germany; DAE; DST; UGC of India; National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation [NRF-2012004024]; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia; Science of the Russian Federation FX We are grateful to Z.-B. Kang for the useful discussions. We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, the KISTI Center in Korea, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST and MoE of China, the National Research Foundation of Korea, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FIAS of Germany, DAE, DST, and UGC of India, the National Science Centre of Poland, National Research Foundation (NRF-2012004024), the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 17 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2016 VL 116 IS 13 AR 132301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.132301 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DI0QM UT WOS:000373202000004 ER PT J AU Brock, WW Cunningham, CA Brandon, DH Hoehn, V Carter, B AF Brock, Whitney W. Cunningham, Craig A. Brandon, Debra H. Hoehn, Valerie Carter, Brigit TI Improving the Process of Enteral Nutrition Preparation With Milk Technicians Perceptions of Cost, Time, and Quality SO ADVANCES IN NEONATAL CARE LA English DT Article DE feeding preparation; enteral nutrition; milk technicians; NICU; neonatal ID PRETERM INFANTS; CARE; FORTIFICATION; TRIAL AB Background: Neonatal intensive care nurses have historically been responsible for preparing enteral feedings-a costly and time-consuming process that may require leaving the bedside. To address these concerns, the Milk Technician Program was implemented at a major military treatment facility. Milk technicians were specially trained and responsible for handling, storing, and preparing enteral feeds. Purpose: To determine effectiveness of the Milk Technician Program, changes in length of time required to first attain full feeds, cost of feeding preparation, adherence to feeding preparation procedures, and nurse and milk technician role variables were evaluated. Methods: A pre-/postdesign was used to compare length of time to full enteral feedings and cost. A plan-do-study-act design was used to evaluate protocol adherence and to identify and evaluate nurse and milk technician role variables. Data were collected via surveys, direct observations, and retrospective chart reviews to determine the overall effectiveness of this intervention. Results: The average time for extremely and very preterm infants (<28 to 31 weeks) to first reach full feeds decreased from 32 to 19 days, t (33.1) = 2.33, P = .026, d = 0.704. Estimated feeding preparation cost savings for all infants admitted to the unit was $767 per day. Observed milk technician adherence to preparation procedures was 95.5%. Most nurses reported that the program saved time (97%) and all milk technicians reported improved job satisfaction. Nurses expressed concerns about accuracy and safety of preparation. Milk technicians reported concerns with communication, supplies, and lack of perceived support. Implications for Practice: Milk technicians offer significant benefit to infants and nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit, including reducing time for infants to reach full feeds, saving nurses' time, and reducing costs. Implications for Research: Further research is needed to identify ideal educational backgrounds for milk technicians and to directly measure the effect of milk technicians on hospital length of stay and infant growth parameters. C1 [Brock, Whitney W.; Brandon, Debra H.; Carter, Brigit] Duke Univ, Sch Nursing, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Cunningham, Craig A.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Head Nursing Res & Consultat Serv, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Brandon, Debra H.] Duke Univ, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Brandon, Debra H.] Duke Intens Care Nursery, Durham, NC USA. [Hoehn, Valerie] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Neonatal Intens Care Unit, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Brock, WW (reprint author), Duke Univ, Duke Univ Hlth Care Syst, Sch Nursing, Box 3322 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM whitney.brock@duke.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1536-0903 EI 1536-0911 J9 ADV NEONAT CARE JI Adv. Neonatal Care PD APR PY 2016 VL 16 IS 2 BP 124 EP 134 DI 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000253 PG 11 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA DH6XQ UT WOS:000372935800006 PM 26954583 ER PT J AU Hsia, RY Shen, YC AF Hsia, Renee Y. Shen, Yu-Chu TI Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in the United States: Risk Factors for Untimely Access SO HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Myocardial infarction; disparities ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; EMERGENCY MEDICAL-SERVICES; VULNERABLE POPULATIONS; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; CARDIAC SERVICES; TRAUMA CENTERS; CARE; TIME; REPERFUSION; HELICOPTER AB ObjectiveTo determine how access to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is distributed across demographics. Data SourcesSecondary data from the 2011 American Hospital Association (AHA) survey data combined with 2010 Census. Study DesignWe calculated prehospital times from 32,370 ZIP codes to the nearest PCI center. We used a multivariate logit model to determine the odds of untimely access by the ZIP code's concentration of vulnerable populations. Data CollectionWe used ZIP code-level data on community characteristics from the 2010 Census and supplemented it with 2011 AHA survey data on service-line availability of PCI for responding hospitals. Principal FindingsFor approximately 306 million Americans, the median prehospital time to the nearest PCI center is 33minutes. While 84 percent of Americans live within one hour of a PCI center, the odds of untimely access are higher in low-income (OR: 3.00; 95 percent CI: 2.39, 3.77), rural (8.10; 95 percent CI: 6.84, 9.59), and highly Hispanic communities (2.55; 95 percent CI: 1.86, 3.49). ConclusionsWhile the majority of Americans live within 60minutes of a PCI center, rural, low-income, and highly Hispanic communities have worse PCI access. This may translate into worse outcomes for patients with acute myocardial infarction. C1 [Hsia, Renee Y.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, 1001 Potrero Ave,1E21, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Hsia, Renee Y.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Philip R Lee Inst Hlth Policy Studies, 1001 Potrero Ave,1E21, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Shen, Yu-Chu] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Shen, Yu-Chu] Natl Bur Econ Res, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Hsia, RY (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, 1001 Potrero Ave,1E21, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA.; Hsia, RY (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Philip R Lee Inst Hlth Policy Studies, 1001 Potrero Ave,1E21, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM renee.hsia@emergency.ucsf.edu FU National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Blood, and Lung Institute [1R01HL114822-01] FX This publication was supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Blood, and Lung Institute 1R01HL114822-01. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of any of the funding agencies. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0017-9124 EI 1475-6773 J9 HEALTH SERV RES JI Health Serv. Res. PD APR PY 2016 VL 51 IS 2 BP 592 EP 609 DI 10.1111/1475-6773.12335 PG 18 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA DH6HA UT WOS:000372890400006 PM 26174998 ER PT J AU Ferrari, S Foderaro, G Zhu, PP Wettergren, TA AF Ferrari, Silvia Foderaro, Greg Zhu, Pingping Wettergren, Thomas A. TI Distributed Optimal Control of Multiscale Dynamical Systems A TUTORIAL SO IEEE CONTROL SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID MOBILE ROBOTS; TRAJECTORY OPTIMIZATION; DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; STABILIZATION C1 [Ferrari, Silvia] Cornell Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ferrari, Silvia] Duke Univ, Engn & Comp Sci, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Ferrari, Silvia] Duke Univ, NSF Integrat Grad Educ & Res Traineeship & Fellow, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Ferrari, Silvia] Lab Intelligent Syst & Controls, Mojave, CA USA. [Foderaro, Greg] Appl Res Associates Inc, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Zhu, Pingping] Cornell Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Zhu, Pingping] Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Wettergren, Thomas A.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Torpedo Syst Dept, Newport, RI USA. [Wettergren, Thomas A.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Sonar Syst Dept, Newport, RI USA. [Wettergren, Thomas A.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Undersea Combat Syst Dept, Newport, RI USA. [Wettergren, Thomas A.] Penn State Univ, Mech Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Ferrari, S (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ferrari@cornell.edu OI Wettergren, Thomas/0000-0002-6623-8412 FU ONR [321] FX This research was funded by the ONR Code 321. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1066-033X EI 1941-000X J9 IEEE CONTR SYST MAG JI IEEE Control Syst. Mag. PD APR PY 2016 VL 36 IS 2 BP 102 EP 116 DI 10.1109/MCS.2015.2512034 PG 15 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA DH4WK UT WOS:000372786100017 ER PT J AU Greunke, L Sadagic, A AF Greunke, Larry Sadagic, Amela TI Taking Immersive VR Leap in Training of Landing Signal Officers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Virtual Reality Conference (IEEE VR) CY MAR 19-23, 2016 CL Greenville, SC SP IEEE DE military applications; HMD; 3D interaction; usability ID VIRTUAL-REALITY; ENVIRONMENTS; SYSTEMS; DESIGN AB A major training device used to train all Landing Signal Officers (LSOs) for several decades has been the Landing Signal Officer Trainer, Device 2H111. This simulator, located in Oceana, VA, is contained within a two story tall room; it consists of several large screens and a physical rendition of the actual instruments used by LSOs in their operational environment. The young officers who serve in this specialty will typically encounter this system for only a short period of formal instruction (six one-hour long sessions), leaving multiple gaps in training. While experience with 2H111 is extremely valuable for all LSO officers, the amount of time they can spend using this training device is undeniably too short. The need to provide LSOs with an unlimited number of training opportunities unrestricted by location and time, married with recent advancements in commercial off the shelf (COTS) immersive technologies, provided an ideal platform to create a lightweight training solution that would fill those gaps and extend beyond the capabilities currently offered in the 2H111 simulator. This paper details our efforts on task analysis, surveying of user domain, mapping of 2H111 training capabilities to new prototype system to ensure its support of major training objectives of 2H111, design and development of prototype training system, and a feasibility study that included tests of technical system performance and informal testing with trainees at the LSO Schoolhouse. The results achieved in this effort indicate that the time for LSO training to make the leap to immersive VR has decidedly come. C1 [Greunke, Larry] US Navy, Minneapolis, MN 55450 USA. [Sadagic, Amela] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Greunke, L (reprint author), US Navy, Minneapolis, MN 55450 USA.; Sadagic, A (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM lcgreunke@gmail.com; asadagic@nps.edu NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 16 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1077-2626 EI 1941-0506 J9 IEEE T VIS COMPUT GR JI IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. PD APR PY 2016 VL 22 IS 4 BP 1482 EP 1491 DI 10.1109/TVCG.2016.2518098 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA DH5RN UT WOS:000372849600018 PM 26780800 ER PT J AU Healy, DY Chhabra, N Metson, R Holbrook, EH Gray, ST AF Healy, David Y., Jr. Chhabra, Nipun Metson, Ralph Holbrook, Eric H. Gray, Stacey T. TI Surgical risk factors for recurrence of inverted papilloma SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article DE Inverted papilloma; Schneiderian papilloma; paranasal sinus tumor; endoscopic sinus surgery; risk factors ID STAGING SYSTEM; MANAGEMENT AB Objectives/HypothesisTo identify variations in surgical technique that impact the recurrence of inverted papilloma following endoscopic excision. Study DesignRetrospective cohort. MethodsData from 127 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic excision of inverted papilloma and oncocytic papilloma at a tertiary care medical center from 1998 to 2011 were reviewed. Patient demographics, comorbidities, tumor stage, and intraoperative details, including tumor location and management of the base, were evaluated to identify factors associated with tumor recurrence. ResultsRecurrence of papilloma occurred in 16 patients (12.6%). Mean time to recurrence was 31.0 months (range, 5.2-110.0 months). Mucosal stripping alone was associated with a recurrence rate of 52.2% (12/23 patients), compared to 4.9% (3/61 patients) when the tumor base was drilled, 4.7% (1/21 patients) when it was cauterized, and 0.0% (0/22 patients) when it was completely excised (P = .001). Increased recurrence rate was associated with tumors located in the maxillary sinus (P = .03), as well as the performance of endoscopic medial maxillectomy (P = .001) and external frontal approaches (P = .02). ConclusionsDrilling, cauterizing, or completely excising the bone underlying the tumor base during endoscopic resection reduces the recurrence rate of inverted and oncocytic papilloma, when compared to mucosal stripping alone. Surgeons who perform endoscopic resection of these tumors should consider utilization of these techniques when possible. Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 126:796-801, 2016 C1 [Healy, David Y., Jr.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Otolaryngol, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Chhabra, Nipun] Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Surg, St Anthony Med Ctr, Rockford, IL 61107 USA. [Metson, Ralph; Holbrook, Eric H.; Gray, Stacey T.] Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirm, Dept Otolaryngol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Metson, Ralph; Holbrook, Eric H.; Gray, Stacey T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otol & Laryngol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Healy, DY (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Otolaryngol, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM dyhealy@hotmail.com NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0023-852X EI 1531-4995 J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD APR PY 2016 VL 126 IS 4 BP 796 EP 801 DI 10.1002/lary.25663 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA DI3EV UT WOS:000373382100010 PM 26372045 ER PT J AU Knaff, JA Slocum, CJ Musgrave, KD Sampson, CR Strahl, BR AF Knaff, John A. Slocum, Christopher J. Musgrave, Kate D. Sampson, Charles R. Strahl, Brian R. TI Using Routinely Available Information to Estimate Tropical Cyclone Wind Structure SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Satellite observations; Hurricanes/typhoons; Observational techniques and algorithms; Atm/Ocean Structure/ Phenomena; Hurricanes; Algorithms; Models and modeling; Diagnostics; Circulation/ Dynamics ID SIZE ESTIMATION ALGORITHMS; WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC; INERTIAL STABILITY; INTENSITY; SYSTEM; SHEAR; FLOW; RECONNAISSANCE; IMPROVEMENTS; CLIMATOLOGY AB A relatively simple method to estimate tropical cyclone (TC) wind radii from routinely available information including storm data (location, motion, and intensity) and TC size is introduced. The method is based on a combination of techniques presented in previous works and makes an assumption that TCs are largely symmetric and that asymmetries are based solely on storm motion and location. The method was applied to TC size estimates from two sources: infrared satellite imagery and global model analyses. The validation shows that the methodology is comparable with other objective methods based on the error statistics. The technique has a variety of practical research and operational applications, some of which are also discussed. C1 [Knaff, John A.] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Slocum, Christopher J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Musgrave, Kate D.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Sampson, Charles R.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Strahl, Brian R.] Joint Typhoon Warning Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Knaff, JA (reprint author), NOAA, RAMMB, CIRA CSU, Campus Delivery 1375, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM john.knaff@noaa.gov RI Knaff, John /F-5599-2010 OI Knaff, John /0000-0003-0427-1409 FU NOAA programs, GOES-R Risk Reduction Program; Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program under NOAA Grant [NA17RJ1228]; NRL Base Program [PE 0601153N] FX This research was supported by NOAA programs including the GOES-R Risk Reduction Program, and the Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program under NOAA Grant NA17RJ1228, and by the Chief of Naval Research through the NRL Base Program, PE 0601153N. In addition, this work made use of techniques developed for the Joint Hurricane Testbed and the display capabilities of ATCF. The methods developed here were also inspired by recent recommendations made at the WMO's Eighth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones geared toward two goals including: 1) the specification of the entire TC vortex in advisories and forecasts, and 2) the development of homogeneous long-term records of tropical cyclones. We also recognize our work is only possible because of best-tracked wind radii and would like to encourage this practice and the standardization of wind radii types and formats worldwide. Finally, we thank Megan Troutman for her assistance on earlier versions of the manuscript. The views, opinions, and findings contained in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed as an official National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or U.S. government position, policy, or decision. NR 60 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD APR PY 2016 VL 144 IS 4 BP 1233 EP 1247 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0267.1 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DI2FV UT WOS:000373312000001 ER PT J AU Frolov, S Bishop, CH AF Frolov, Sergey Bishop, Craig H. TI Localized Ensemble-Based Tangent Linear Models and Their Use in Propagating Hybrid Error Covariance Models SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Mathematical and statistical techniques; Forecasting; Data assimilation; Variational analysis; Models and modeling; Ensembles ID VARIATIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; KALMAN FILTER; PART I; 4D-VAR; TRANSFORM; NWP AB Hybrid error covariance models that blend climatological estimates of forecast error covariances with ensemble-based, flow-dependent forecast error covariances have led to significant reductions in forecast error when employed in 4DVAR data assimilation schemes. Tangent linear models (TLMs) designed to predict the differences between perturbed and unperturbed simulations of the weather forecast are a key component of such 4DVAR schemes. However, many forecasting centers have found that TLMs and their adjoints do not scale well computationally and are difficult to create and maintain-particularly for coupled ocean-wave-ice-atmosphere models. In this paper, the authors create ensemble-based TLMs (ETLMs) and test their ability to propagate both climatological and flow-dependent parts of hybrid error covariance models. These tests demonstrate that rank deficiency limits the utility of unlocalized ETLMs. High-rank, time-evolving, flow-adaptive localization functions are constructed and tested using recursive application of short-duration ETLMs, each of which is localized using a static localization. Since TLM operators do not need to be semipositive definite, the authors experiment with a variety of localization approaches including step function localization. The step function localization leads to a local formulation that was found to be highly effective. In tests using simple one-dimensional models with both dispersive and nondispersive dynamics, it is shown that practical ETLM configurations were effective at propagating covariances as far as four error correlation scales. C1 [Frolov, Sergey] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Bishop, Craig H.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. RP Frolov, S (reprint author), Univ Corp Atmospher Res, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM frolov@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [N0001412WX20323] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research Award N0001412WX20323. We are grateful to Douglas Allen from NRL-DC for providing comments on the early version of this manuscript. We are grateful to Chris Snyder and two other anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments that helped to improve the quality of this manuscript. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD APR PY 2016 VL 144 IS 4 BP 1383 EP 1405 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0130.1 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DI2FZ UT WOS:000373312400001 ER PT J AU Iliopoulos, AP Steuben, JC Michopoulos, JG AF Iliopoulos, Athanasios P. Steuben, John C. Michopoulos, John G. TI Determination of anisotropic mechanical properties of G-10 composite via Direct Strain Imaging SO POLYMER TESTING LA English DT Article DE G-10 composite; FR4; Direct strain imaging; Full-field methods; Anisotropic properties; Young's modulus; Poisson ratio; Shear modulus; Strength ID RAILGUN AB The mechanical properties of the glass-epoxy composite material known as "G-10," which is primarily used for electrical insulation purposes in electromechanical systems, have long been a topic of uncertainty and controversy. In the present paper, we demonstrate the application of an experimental methodology that exploits the Direct Strain Imaging (DSI) full field method to fully assess the elastic anisotropic mechanical properties of G-10. Tension and compression experiments were conducted for three distinct inclinations of the specimen orthotropic axes relative to the loading directions, while strain and displacement were monitored at relevant locations on the specimens via digital image capturing and subsequent application of DSI. Based on these experiments, we present the stress-strain experimental data, the associated data post processing, the engineering properties, the anisotropic compliance matrix and the ultimate strength properties of the G-10 composite material. Confidence bounds on the material properties based on the results from repeated tests on identical specimens are also reported. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Iliopoulos, Athanasios P.] George Mason Univ, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Naval Res Lab, Code 6394, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Steuben, John C.; Michopoulos, John G.] Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Code 6394, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Michopoulos, JG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Code 6394, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through Naval Research Laboratory's (NRL) Basic Research Program FX Funding for this project was provided by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's (NRL) Basic Research Program. The authors also wish to thank Mr. Harry Jones of NRL Code 6350, for his advice and assistance carrying out the experiments detailed in this work, as well as Dr. Scott Douglass and Mr. Rich Cairns of NRL Code 6700, for supplying the raw G-10 material for the specimens. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-9418 EI 1873-2348 J9 POLYM TEST JI Polym. Test PD APR PY 2016 VL 50 BP 64 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2015.12.002 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA DH3MF UT WOS:000372690400010 ER PT J AU Tadjer, MJ Mastro, MA Mahadik, NA Currie, M Wheeler, VD Freitas, JA Greenlee, JD Hite, JK Hobart, KD Eddy, CR Kub, FJ AF Tadjer, Marko J. Mastro, Michael A. Mahadik, Nadeemullah A. Currie, Marc Wheeler, Virginia D. Freitas, Jaime A., Jr. Greenlee, Jordan D. Hite, Jennifer K. Hobart, Karl D. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Kub, Fritz J. TI Structural, Optical, and Electrical Characterization of Monoclinic beta-Ga2O3 Grown by MOVPE on Sapphire Substrates SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Gallium oxide; Ga2O3; monoclinic; sapphire; MOVPE; MOSFET ID SINGLE-CRYSTALLINE BETA-GA2O3; VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; BETA-GALLIUM OXIDE; RAMAN-SCATTERING; NANOWIRES; NANORODS; LAYERS AB Epitaxial growth of monoclinic beta-Ga2O3 on a-plane and c-plane sapphire substrates by metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy (MOVPE) is reported. Crystalline phase, growth rate (similar to 150 nm/h), and energy gap (similar to 4.7 eV) were determined by x-ray diffraction and optical reflectance measurements. Film density of similar to 5.6 g/cm(3) measured by x-ray reflectivity suggests the presence of vacancies, and the O-rich growth regime implies the presence of Ga vacancies in the films. O/Ga ratio of 1.13, as measured by XPS for Ga2O3 grown on c-plane Al2O3, suggests that, near the surface, the film is O-deficient. Atomic force microscopy revealed smoother, smaller grain size when films were grown on c-plane Al2O3. Raman spectroscopy suggested inclusions of alpha-Ga2O3, likely present at the sapphire interface due to growth on nonnative substrate. Samples of beta-Ga2O3 were selectively implanted with Si in the source/drain regions and subsequently annealed at 1000A degrees C for 10 min. Normally-off transistors (V (T) a parts per thousand... 4.7 V) with 20-nm-thick Al2O3 gate oxide were fabricated, and a maximum drain-source current of 4.8 nA was measured. C1 [Tadjer, Marko J.; Mastro, Michael A.; Mahadik, Nadeemullah A.; Currie, Marc; Wheeler, Virginia D.; Freitas, Jaime A., Jr.; Hite, Jennifer K.; Hobart, Karl D.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.; Kub, Fritz J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Greenlee, Jordan D.] CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. RP Tadjer, MJ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. EM marko.tadjer@nrl.navy.mil FU American Society for Engineering Education; National Research Council FX M.J.T. acknowledges partial support from the American Society for Engineering Education. J.D.G. acknowledges postdoctoral support from the National Research Council. The authors are sincerely grateful to Dr. Travis Anderson (NRL) for assistance with ion implantation, and to Prof. Jihyun Kim (Korea Univ.) and Prof. Sarit Dhar (Auburn Univ.) for insightful discussions of early results. Device fabrication was performed at the NRL Nanoscience Institute. Research at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR). NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 17 U2 54 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 EI 1543-186X J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2016 VL 45 IS 4 BP 2031 EP 2037 DI 10.1007/s11664-016-4346-3 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA DH1KW UT WOS:000372543900006 ER PT J AU Katz, M Twigg, M Mahadik, N Canedy, C Affouda, C AF Katz, M. B. Twigg, M. E. Mahadik, N. A. Canedy, C. L. Affouda, C. A. TI Threading and Near-Surface Dislocations in InGaSb/AlSb Films with Blocking and Anti-Blocking Layers SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; INAS/GASB SUPERLATTICES; GROWTH; INSB; GAAS AB In order to mitigate the formation of threading dislocations in an In0.1Ga0.9Sb heteroepitaxial buffer layer grown on a (001) GaSb substrate, an AlSb blocking layer was grown within the buffer layer. Transmission electron microscopy measurements revealed that the film with the AlSb blocking layer had a significantly lower threading dislocation density than a buffer layer of equivalent thickness in the absence of the blocking layer. Because the AlSb blocking layer is of greater mechanical stiffness than the In0.1Ga0.9Sb buffer layer, attractive image forces that act to draw dislocations to the film surface are countered by repulsive image forces traceable to the In0.1Ga0.9Sb/AlSb interface. These experimental results are consistent with calculations based on anisotropic elasticity theory for repulsive image forces acting on a dislocation beneath the blocking layer. C1 [Katz, M. B.; Twigg, M. E.; Mahadik, N. A.; Canedy, C. L.; Affouda, C. A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Katz, M (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.katz.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; NRC Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. This research was performed while M.B.K. held an NRC Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 EI 1543-186X J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2016 VL 45 IS 4 BP 2102 EP 2107 DI 10.1007/s11664-016-4333-8 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA DH1KW UT WOS:000372543900016 ER PT J AU Aubry, R Dey, S Karamete, K Mestreau, E AF Aubry, R. Dey, S. Karamete, K. Mestreau, E. TI Smooth anisotropic sources with application to three-dimensional surface mesh generation SO ENGINEERING WITH COMPUTERS LA English DT Article DE Anisotropic mesh generation; Size distribution; Anisotropic sources sizing function; Anisotropic metric; Lower-envelope diagram ID GRID GENERATION; MATRICES; ACCURATE AB Isotropic sources are extended to take anisotropy into account in order to obtain a smooth anisotropic sizing field for anisotropic mesh generation. Different types of anisotropic sources are described to represent boundary layers on surfaces and in volume that guarantee a smooth anisotropic field. This allows to us resolve multiple boundary layer intersections properly and naturally provides a smooth transition between the anisotropic boundary layer sizing and the isotropic region. Furthermore, the interaction between a smooth anisotropic sizing field and curvature is studied, and estimates of the tangential size spacing are provided for first and second order approximation of the geometry to ensure smoothness of the sizing field. It is also shown that, in order to get a smooth size variation, volumetric and surface meshing can not be decoupled. The filtering of the sources in order to obtain a computationally efficient method is described. Numerical examples demonstrate our method. C1 [Aubry, R.; Karamete, K.; Mestreau, E.] Sotera Def Solut, 1501 Farm Credit Dr,Suite 2300, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. [Dey, S.] Naval Res Lab, Code 7130,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Aubry, R (reprint author), Sotera Def Solut, 1501 Farm Credit Dr,Suite 2300, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. EM romain.aubry.ctr.fr@nrl.navy.mil FU DoD HPCMP CREATE Program FX This work was partly supported by the DoD HPCMP CREATE Program. The authors would like to thank the reviewers for substantially improving the presentation of this article. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0177-0667 EI 1435-5663 J9 ENG COMPUT-GERMANY JI Eng. Comput. PD APR PY 2016 VL 32 IS 2 BP 313 EP 330 DI 10.1007/s00366-015-0420-3 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA DG7WM UT WOS:000372294400010 ER PT J AU Mungan, CE Birriel, JJ AF Mungan, Carl E. Birriel, Jennifer J. TI Sampling discretization can lead to strange shapes of data curves SO PHYSICS TEACHER LA English DT Letter C1 [Mungan, Carl E.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Birriel, Jennifer J.] Morehead State Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Morehead, KY 40351 USA. RP Mungan, CE (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.; Birriel, JJ (reprint author), Morehead State Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Morehead, KY 40351 USA. EM mungan@usna.edu; j.birriel@morehead.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSN PHYSICS TEACHERS PI COLLEGE PK PA 5110 ROANOKE PLACE SUITE 101, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740 USA SN 0031-921X J9 PHYS TEACH JI Phys. Teach. PD APR PY 2016 VL 54 IS 4 BP 196 EP 196 DI 10.1119/1.4944350 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DG7SG UT WOS:000372283400001 ER PT J AU Wang, J Mirynowski, EM Bittle, JA Fisher, BT AF Wang, Jin Mirynowski, Eileen M. Bittle, Joshua A. Fisher, Brian T. TI Experimental measurements of n-heptane liquid penetration distance and spray cone angle for steady conditions relevant to early direct-injection low-temperature combustion in diesel engines SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Spray; liquid penetration; cone angle; low-temperature combustion; early direct-injection AB Early direct-injection is a diesel-engine combustion strategy in which fuel is injected early in the compression stroke when in-cylinder temperature and density are both much lower than for conventional operation, increasing the potential for impingement and wall wetting due to slower vaporization of fuel. Quantitative understanding of liquid-phase fuel penetration and dispersion, therefore, is necessary for these conditions in order to avoid problems such as impingement that are counterproductive to advanced combustion strategies. This work reports liquid penetration distances and spray cone angles of n-heptane measured using high-speed imaging of elastic light scattering in a constant-pressure flow vessel. Air temperatures in the constant-pressure flow vessel included well below, near, and well above saturation temperatures of n-heptane, which should provide insight into spray behavior of diesel fuel components for early-injection conditions that also potentially range from below to above saturation. Maximum liquid penetration distances and spray angles were found to be essentially independent of injection pressure and injection duration, as well as air flow velocity, but strongly dependent on thermodynamic properties of the flowing air. Maximum liquid penetration trends with respect to temperature and spray angle trends with respect to density were in qualitative agreement with model predictions, but did not agree with expected quantitative values. In addition, trends of maximum liquid penetration versus density and spray angle versus temperature were either non-existent or in direct opposition to model predictions. Results strongly suggest that well-accepted models, based on mixing-limited vaporization of fuel and ignoring heat and mass transfer of individual droplets, are insufficient for these conditions relevant to early direct-injection. C1 [Wang, Jin; Mirynowski, Eileen M.; Bittle, Joshua A.] Univ Alabama, Dept Mech Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Fisher, Brian T.] US Naval Res Lab, Combust Dynam & Modeling Sect, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fisher, BT (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Combust Dynam & Modeling Sect, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.fisher@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. The research was performed while the corresponding author was employed at The University of Alabama, and further preparation of this work for publication was performed while the corresponding author was employed at the Naval Research Laboratory and funded by the Office of Naval Research. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 12 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1468-0874 EI 2041-3149 J9 INT J ENGINE RES JI Int. J. Engine Res. PD APR PY 2016 VL 17 IS 4 BP 371 EP 390 DI 10.1177/1468087415580916 PG 20 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Transportation GA DF8LS UT WOS:000371609900002 ER PT J AU Bischel, LL Coneski, PN Lundin, JG Wu, PK Giller, CB Wynne, J Ringeisen, BR Pirlo, RK AF Bischel, Lauren L. Coneski, Peter N. Lundin, Jeffrey G. Wu, Peter K. Giller, Carl B. Wynne, James Ringeisen, Brad R. Pirlo, Russell K. TI Electrospun gelatin biopapers as substrate for in vitro bilayer models of blood-brain barrier tissue SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A LA English DT Article DE blood-brain barrier; electrospinning; gelatin; tissue engineering; biomaterial ID MICROVASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; CROSS-LINKING METHODS; ASTROCYTES; DIFFERENTIATION; PERMEABILITY; VIVO; MORPHOLOGY; SCAFFOLDS; MIGRATION; TRANSPORT AB Gaining a greater understanding of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is critical for improvement in drug delivery, understanding pathologies that compromise the BBB, and developing therapies to protect the BBB. In vitro human tissue models are valuable tools for studying these issues. The standard in vitro BBB models use commercially available cell culture inserts to generate bilayer co-cultures of astrocytes and endothelial cells (EC). Electrospinning can be used to produce customized cell culture substrates with optimized material composition and mechanical properties with advantages over off-the-shelf materials. Electrospun gelatin is an ideal cell culture substrate because it is a natural polymer that can aid cell attachment and be modified and degraded by cells. Here, we have developed a method to produce cell culture inserts with electrospun gelatin biopaper membranes. The electrospun fiber diameter and cross-linking method were optimized for the growth of primary human endothelial cell and primary human astrocyte bilayer co-cultures to model human BBB tissue. BBB co-cultures on biopaper were characterized via cell morphology, trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER), and permeability to FITC-labeled dextran and compared to BBB co-cultures on standard cell culture inserts. Over longer culture periods (up to 21 days), cultures on the optimized electrospun gelatin biopapers were found to have improved TEER, decreased permeability, and permitted a smaller separation between co-cultured cells when compared to standard PET inserts. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 901-909, 2016. C1 [Bischel, Lauren L.; Coneski, Peter N.; Pirlo, Russell K.] US Naval Res Lab, Bldg 207,Rm 241,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC USA. [Lundin, Jeffrey G.; Wynne, James; Ringeisen, Brad R.; Pirlo, Russell K.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC USA. [Wu, Peter K.] Southern Oregon Univ, Dept Phys, Ashland, OR USA. [Giller, Carl B.] US Naval Res Lab, Leidos, Washington, DC USA. RP Pirlo, RK (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Bldg 207,Rm 241,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC USA. EM russell.pirlo@nrl.navy.mil FU Chemical Biological Technologies Directorate, Department of Defense Chemical and Biological Defense program through the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA); American Society for Engineering Education [CB10011] FX Contract grant sponsor: Chemical Biological Technologies Directorate, Department of Defense Chemical and Biological Defense program through the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) and the American Society for Engineering Education; contract grant number: CB10011. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1549-3296 EI 1552-4965 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES A JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A PD APR PY 2016 VL 104 IS 4 BP 901 EP 909 DI 10.1002/jbm.a.35624 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA DF5XB UT WOS:000371425000009 PM 26650896 ER PT J AU Li, P Warner, DH Fatemi, A Phan, N AF Li, P. Warner, D. H. Fatemi, A. Phan, N. TI Critical assessment of the fatigue performance of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V and perspective for future research SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Article DE Additive manufacturing; Review; Fatigue; Ti-6Al-4V; S-N curves ID SUPERSONIC PARTICLE DEPOSITION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY; AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; CRACK-PROPAGATION; LASER; TITANIUM; MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR AB To realize the potential benefits of additive manufacturing technology in airframe and ground vehicle applications, the fatigue performance of load bearing additively manufactured materials must be understood. Due to the novelty of this rapidly developing technology, a very limited, yet swiftly evolving literature exists on the topic. Motivated by these two points, we have attempted to catalog and analyze the published fatigue performance data of an additively manufactured alloy of significant technological interest, Ti-6Al-4V. Focusing on uniaxial fatigue performance, we compare to traditionally manufactured Ti-6Al-4V, discussing failure mechanisms, defects, microstructure, and processing parameters. We then attempt to identify key knowledge gaps that must be addressed before AM technology can safely and effectively be employed in critical load bearing applications. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, P.; Warner, D. H.] Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fatemi, A.] Univ Toledo, Dept Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Phan, N.] Naval Air Syst Command, Struct Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Warner, DH (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM derek.warner@cornell.edu RI Warner, Derek/A-2303-2012 NR 70 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 7 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 EI 1879-3452 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PD APR PY 2016 VL 85 BP 130 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2015.12.003 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA DC8GZ UT WOS:000369459200013 ER PT J AU Nelson, C Avramov-Zamurovic, S Korotkova, O Guth, S Malek-Madani, R AF Nelson, C. Avramov-Zamurovic, S. Korotkova, O. Guth, S. Malek-Madani, R. TI Scintillation reduction in pseudo Multi-Gaussian Schell Model beams in the maritime environment SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Pseudo-partially coherent beam; Scintillation index; Maritime; Multi-Gaussian Schell Model; Free-space optical communications ID INTENSITY FLUCTUATIONS; ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE AB Irradiance fluctuations of a pseudo Multi-Gaussian Schell Model beam propagating in the maritime environment is explored as a function of spatial light modulator cycling rate and estimated atmospheric turnover rate. Analysis of the data demonstrates a strong negative correlation between the scintillation index of received optical intensity and cycling speed for the estimated atmospheric turnover rate. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Nelson, C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Avramov-Zamurovic, S.] US Naval Acad, Weap & Syst Engn, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Korotkova, O.] Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Guth, S.; Malek-Madani, R.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, 589 McNair Rd,Stop 10M, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Nelson, C (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM cnelson@usna.edu FU US Office of Naval Research (ONR) grant [N001614WX30023]; US ONR grant [N0001414-WX-00267, N0001414-WX-00197]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) grant [FA9550-12-1-0449]; ONR grant [N00014-15-1-2350] FX C. Nelson's work is supported by grant: US Office of Naval Research (ONR) grant N001614WX30023. S. Avramov-Zamurovic and S. Guth are supported by US ONR grant N0001414-WX-00267. O. Korotkova is supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) grant FA9550-12-1-0449; and the ONR grant N00014-15-1-2350. R. Malek-Madani is supported by US ONR grant N0001414-WX-00197. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 EI 1873-0310 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD APR 1 PY 2016 VL 364 BP 145 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.optcom.2015.11.049 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA DC5AF UT WOS:000369231400025 ER PT J AU Solomon, LA Permuy, A Benavides, ND Opila, DF Lee, CJ Reed, GF AF Solomon, Luke Anthony Permuy, Alfred Benavides, Nicholas D. Opila, Daniel F. Lee, Christopher J. Reed, Gregory F. TI A Transformerless PCB-Based Medium-Voltage Multilevel Power Converter With a DC Capacitor Balancing Circuit SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Inverters; motor drives; power conversion; pulse width modulation converters; variable speed drives ID SERIES-CONNECTED IGBTS; BACK-TO-BACK; PREDICTIVE CONTROL; CONTROL SCHEMES; LINK VOLTAGES; MOTOR-DRIVES; INVERTERS; PWM; OPTIMIZATION; EQUALIZATION AB This paper presents a new method of constructing a transformerless voltage-sourced medium-voltage multilevel converter using existing discrete power semiconductor devices and printed circuit board technology. While the approach is general, it is particularly well suited for medium-voltage converters and motor drives in the 4.16 kV 500-1000 kW range. A novel way of visualizing the power stage topology is developed, which allows simplified mechanical layouts, while managing the commutation paths. Using so many discrete devices typically drives cost and complexity of the gate-drive system including its control and isolation; a gate-drive circuit is presented to address this problem. As with most multilevel topologies, the dc-link voltages must be balanced during operation. This is accomplished using an auxiliary circuit made up of the same power stage and an associated control algorithm. Experimental results are presented for a 4.16-kV 746-kW five-level power converter prototype. C1 [Solomon, Luke Anthony; Lee, Christopher J.] GE Power Convers, Pittsburgh, PA 15239 USA. [Permuy, Alfred] GE Power Convers, F-75007 Paris, France. [Benavides, Nicholas D.] PC Krause & Associates, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. [Opila, Daniel F.] US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Reed, Gregory F.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Solomon, LA (reprint author), GE Power Convers, Pittsburgh, PA 15239 USA. EM lukesolomon22@gmail.com; alfred.permuy@ge.com; nbenavid@hotmail.com; opila@usna.edu; christopher.lee2@ge.com; gfr3@pitt.edu NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8993 EI 1941-0107 J9 IEEE T POWER ELECTR JI IEEE Trans. Power Electron. PD APR PY 2016 VL 31 IS 4 BP 3052 EP 3067 DI 10.1109/TPEL.2015.2453392 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA CX8KU UT WOS:000365953100033 ER PT J AU Guild, MD Garcia-Chocano, VM Sanchez-Dehesa, J Martin, TP Calvo, DC Orris, GJ AF Guild, Matthew D. Garcia-Chocano, Victor M. Sanchez-Dehesa, Jose Martin, Theodore P. Calvo, David C. Orris, Gregory J. TI Aerogel as a Soft Acoustic Metamaterial for Airborne Sound SO PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED LA English DT Article ID SILICA AEROGELS; CHARACTERISTIC IMPEDANCE; THIN; PROPAGATION AB Soft acoustic metamaterials utilizing mesoporous structures have been proposed recently as a means for tuning the overall effective properties of the metamaterial and providing better coupling to the surrounding air. In this paper, the use of silica aerogel is examined theoretically and experimentally as part of a compact soft acoustic metamaterial structure, which enables a wide range of exotic effective macroscopic properties to be demonstrated, including negative density, density near zero, and nonresonant broadband slow-sound propagation. Experimental data are obtained on the effective density and sound speed using an air-filled acoustic impedance tube for flexural metamaterial elements, which have been investigated previously only indirectly due to the large contrast in acoustic impedance compared to that of air. Experimental results are presented for silica aerogel arranged in parallel with either one or two acoustic ports and are in very good agreement with the theoretical model. C1 [Guild, Matthew D.; Garcia-Chocano, Victor M.; Sanchez-Dehesa, Jose] Univ Politecn Valencia, Wave Phenomena Grp, Dept Ingn Elect, Camino Vera S-N,Edificio 7F, E-46022 Valencia, Spain. [Martin, Theodore P.; Calvo, David C.; Orris, Gregory J.] US Navy, Res Lab, Code 7160, Washington, DC 20375 USA. US Navy, Res Lab, NRC Res Associateship Program, Code 7160, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Guild, MD; Sanchez-Dehesa, J (reprint author), Univ Politecn Valencia, Wave Phenomena Grp, Dept Ingn Elect, Camino Vera S-N,Edificio 7F, E-46022 Valencia, Spain. EM matthew.guild.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; jsdehesa@upv.es RI Martin, Theodore/H-1287-2016 FU U.S. Office of Naval Research; Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad; European Union Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) [TEC2014-53088-C3-1-R] FX This work is supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. M. D. G., V. M. G.-C. and J. S.-D. also acknowledge the support by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, and the European Union Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) through Project No. TEC2014-53088-C3-1-R. The authors wish to acknowledge Encarna G. Villora and Kiyoshi Shimamura for their help in aerogel fabrication and handling. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 22 U2 52 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2331-7019 J9 PHYS REV APPL JI Phys. Rev. Appl. PD MAR 30 PY 2016 VL 5 IS 3 AR 034012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.5.034012 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DH9ID UT WOS:000373108800002 ER PT J AU Sedlacek, JA Kim, E Rittenhouse, ST Weck, PF Sadeghpour, HR Shaffer, JP AF Sedlacek, J. A. Kim, E. Rittenhouse, S. T. Weck, P. F. Sadeghpour, H. R. Shaffer, J. P. TI Electric Field Cancellation on Quartz by Rb Adsorbate-Induced Negative Electron Affinity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SILICON DIOXIDE; SURFACE-STATES; LIQUID-HELIUM; RYDBERG ATOMS; ALPHA-QUARTZ; VAPOR; DIAMOND; SYSTEMS; CESIUM; LAYERS AB We investigate the (0001) surface of single crystal quartz with a submonolayer of Rb adsorbates. Using Rydberg atom electromagnetically induced transparency, we investigate the electric fields resulting from Rb adsorbed on the quartz surface, and measure the activation energy of the Rb adsorbates. We show that the adsorbed Rb induces negative electron affinity (NEA) on the quartz surface. The NEA surface allows low energy electrons to bind to the surface and cancel the electric field from the Rb adsorbates. Our results will be important for integrating Rydberg atoms into hybrid quantum systems, as fundamental probes of atom-surface interactions, and for studies of 2D electron gases bound to surfaces. C1 [Sedlacek, J. A.; Shaffer, J. P.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Kim, E.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys & Astron, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Rittenhouse, S. T.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Rittenhouse, S. T.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Weck, P. F.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Sadeghpour, H. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Shaffer, JP (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM shaffer@nhn.ou.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; DARPA Quasar program by a grant through ARO [60181-PH-DRP]; AFOSR [FA9550-12-1-0282]; NSF [PHY-1104424, NSF PHY-1516421]; NSF grant through ITAMP at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. This work was supported by the DARPA Quasar program by a grant through ARO (Grant No. 60181-PH-DRP), AFOSR (Grant No. FA9550-12-1-0282), NSF (Grants No. PHY-1104424) and No. NSF PHY-1516421) and an NSF grant through ITAMP at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. The authors thank Tilman Pfau for useful discussions. NR 67 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 30 PY 2016 VL 116 IS 13 AR 133201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.133201 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DH9EP UT WOS:000373099500006 PM 27081976 ER PT J AU Harding, LW Mallonee, ME Perry, ES Miller, WD Adolf, JE Gallegos, CL Paerl, HW AF Harding, Lawrence W., Jr. Mallonee, Michael E. Perry, Elgin S. Miller, W. David Adolf, Jason E. Gallegos, Charles L. Paerl, Hans W. TI Variable climatic conditions dominate recent phytoplankton dynamics in Chesapeake Bay SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PARTIALLY STRATIFIED ESTUARY; RIVER FLOW; SYNOPTIC CLIMATOLOGY; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; FLORAL COMPOSITION; NORTH-CAROLINA; WATER-QUALITY; EUTROPHICATION; COASTAL AB Variable climatic conditions strongly influence phytoplankton dynamics in estuaries globally. Our study area is Chesapeake Bay, a highly productive ecosystem providing natural resources, transportation, and recreation for nearly 16 million people inhabiting a 165,000-km(2) watershed. Since World War II, nutrient over-enrichment has led to multiple ecosystem impairments caused by increased phytoplankton biomass as chlorophyll-a (chl-a). Doubled nitrogen (N) loadings from 1945-1980 led to increased chl-a, reduced water clarity, and low dissolved oxygen (DO), while decreased N loadings from 1981-2012 suggest modest improvement. The recent 30+ years are characterized by high inter-annual variability of chl-a, coinciding with irregular dry and wet periods, complicating the detection of long-term trends. Here, we synthesize time-series data for historical and recent N loadings (TN, NO2 + NO3), chl-a, floral composition, and net primary productivity (NPP) to distinguish secular changes caused by nutrient over-enrichment from spatio-temporal variability imposed by climatic conditions. Wet years showed higher chl-a, higher diatom abundance, and increased NPP, while dry years showed lower chl-a, lower diatom abundance, and decreased NPP. Our findings support a conceptual model wherein variable climatic conditions dominate recent phytoplankton dynamics against a backdrop of nutrient over-enrichment, emphasizing the need to separate these effects to gauge progress toward improving water quality in estuaries. C1 [Harding, Lawrence W., Jr.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Mallonee, Michael E.] US EPA, Interstate Commiss Potomac River Basin, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, 410 Severn Ave, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [Miller, W. David] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Adolf, Jason E.] Univ Hawaii, Marine Sci Program, 200 W Kawili St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Gallegos, Charles L.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Paerl, Hans W.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Marine Sci, 3431 Arendell St, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. RP Harding, LW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM lharding@atmos.ucla.edu OI Gallegos, Charles/0000-0001-5112-0166; Miller, W. David/0000-0002-4940-5987 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) Land Margin Ecosystem Research, Biocomplexity, Biological Oceanography, Microbial Observatory, and Small Grants for Environmental Research (SGER) programs; Atlantic Coast Environmental Indicators Consortium (ACE-INC) - EPA; Atlantic Coast Environmental Indicators Consortium (ACE-INC) - National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); NASA SeaWiFS Program; SIMBIOS Program; Chesapeake Bay Program Office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) FX The Authors acknowledge support from the Chesapeake Bay Program of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for providing water-quality and cell-counts data; grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF) Land Margin Ecosystem Research, Biocomplexity, Biological Oceanography, Microbial Observatory, and Small Grants for Environmental Research (SGER) programs; the Atlantic Coast Environmental Indicators Consortium (ACE-INC) supported by EPA and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); NASA SeaWiFS and SIMBIOS Programs; and the Chesapeake Bay Program Office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 20 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD MAR 30 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 23773 DI 10.1038/srep23773 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DH8MW UT WOS:000373048400001 PM 27026279 ER PT J AU Gunlycke, D Tseng, F AF Gunlycke, Daniel Tseng, Frank TI Triangular lattice exciton model SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; BINDING-ENERGY; MOS2; SEMICONDUCTORS; ABSORPTION; CRYSTALS; WS2; SPECTROSCOPY; DISULFIDE AB We present a minimalistic equilateral triangular lattice model showing explicitly that the two-dimensional hydrogen model for excitons breaks down for excitons in semiconducting monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides due to lattice effects and that these excitons are neither Wannier nor Frenkel excitons but rather span an intermediate regime. The model is formulated on sparse form in direct space, allowing it to be solved with great computational efficiency. C1 [Gunlycke, Daniel] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Tseng, Frank] US Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC USA. RP Gunlycke, D (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. EM daniel.gunlycke@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); NRL through the National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship Program FX This work has been supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR), directly and through the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). The authors thank Brett Dunlap, Ergun Simsek, and Carter White for discussions. F. T. acknowledges support from NRL through the National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship Program. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 10 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 EI 1463-9084 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 28 PY 2016 VL 18 IS 12 BP 8579 EP 8586 DI 10.1039/c6cp00205f PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DG7FB UT WOS:000372249100029 PM 26947357 ER PT J AU Walton, SG Stoessel, CH Bandorf, R AF Walton, Scott G. Stoessel, Chris H. Bandorf, Ralf TI The 2015 SVC TechCon special issue Selected papers from the society of Vacuum Coaters 58th Annual Technical Conference Preface SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Walton, Scott G.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stoessel, Chris H.] Eastman Chem Co, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Bandorf, Ralf] Fraunhofer Inst Surface Engn & Thin Films IST, Braunschweig, Germany. RP Walton, SG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM scott.Walton@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD MAR 25 PY 2016 VL 290 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2015.12.019 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA DJ7CX UT WOS:000374370600001 ER PT J AU Steppe, CN Fredriksson, DW Wallendorf, L Nikolov, M Mayer, R AF Steppe, C. N. Fredriksson, D. W. Wallendorf, L. Nikolov, M. Mayer, R. TI Direct setting of Crassostrea virginica larvae in a tidal tributary: applications for shellfish restoration and aquaculture SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Oyster; Restoration; Aquaculture; Remote setting; Larvae; Methods ID CHESAPEAKE BAY; OYSTER REEF; EASTERN OYSTERS; POSTSETTLEMENT MORTALITY; RECRUITMENT; SURVIVAL; SETTLEMENT; GROWTH; ENHANCEMENT; POPULATIONS AB Recent efforts to restore eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica populations in Chesapeake Bay have targeted regions where low larval supply limits recruitment. A common practice in areas of minimal spat set incorporates remote setting, a method of setting hatchery-reared larvae in tanks, and then transporting them to the field. Although remote setting is effective, inefficiencies exist. Repeated shell handling, spat mortality during transport, and decreased cultch supply suggest that other restoration methods merit consideration. We present the results of the first known field test of directly seeding a submerged oyster reef with larvae and setting an additional cohort on the reef the following year. We surrounded a 65 m(2) reef located in 2.5 m of water with a flexible enclosure and added 2.3 x 10(6) larvae. Larvae were allowed 3 d to set on either clean or fouled shell valves, after which we removed the enclosure. Setting efficiencies in the enclosure (spat produced per larvae introduced), were 26 and 7% for clean and fouled shell, respectively, in 2012, and 10 and 16% in 2013. These are comparable to published remote setting efficiencies, and were significantly higher than in our representative shoreside tank. Spat densities on site 1 mo post-set (median = 189 spat m(-2)) and the following spring (115 juveniles m(-2)) met best practice restoration metrics. Larvae were re-set on the reef in 2013, but in lower densities than 2012, supplementing the reef with 23 spat m(-2). In areas of minimal natural recruitment, or low cultch availability, direct setting of larvae in the field may be a viable alternative to remote setting. C1 [Steppe, C. N.] US Naval Acad, Dept Oceanog, 572 C Holloway Rd,Mail Stop 9D, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Fredriksson, D. W.; Mayer, R.] US Naval Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, 590 Holloway Rd,Mail Stop 11D, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Wallendorf, L.] US Naval Acad, Hydromech Lab, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Nikolov, M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, 572 C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Steppe, CN (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Oceanog, 572 C Holloway Rd,Mail Stop 9D, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM natunewi@usna.edu FU Maryland Sea Grant [NA10OAR4170072]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US Department of Commerce [R/FISH-102]; USNA Recognition Grants FX We thank K. Clark, W. Yates, and J. H. Hixson for sharing their facilities at Morgan State University PEARL and for helping with field work. A. Keppel, R. Bourbon, and D. Breitburg at SERC assisted with spat grow-out. G. Caban, S. Guth, M. Nie, J. Thomson, and K. Wells provided additional field support. Charm City SCUBA and the Morgan State University SCUBA Club assisted with sampling. We thank 4 anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments for improving this manuscript. C.N.S. and D.W.F. received support for this project from Maryland Sea Grant, Award Number NA10OAR4170072, Project Number R/FISH-102 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US Department of Commerce. Supplemental funding for C.N.S. was provided by USNA Recognition Grants. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 14 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 EI 1616-1599 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD MAR 21 PY 2016 VL 546 BP 97 EP 112 DI 10.3354/meps11604 PG 16 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA DJ5IQ UT WOS:000374240800008 ER PT J AU Ermentrout, GB Griffin, C Belmonte, A AF Ermentrout, G. Bard Griffin, Christopher Belmonte, Andrew TI Transition matrix model for evolutionary game dynamics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB We study an evolutionary game model based on a transition matrix approach, in which the total change in the proportion of a population playing a given strategy is summed directly over contributions from all other strategies. This general approach combines aspects of the traditional replicator model, such as preserving unpopulated strategies, with mutation-type dynamics, which allow for nonzero switching to unpopulated strategies, in terms of a single transition function. Under certain conditions, this model yields an endemic population playing non-Nash-equilibrium strategies. In addition, a Hopf bifurcation with a limit cycle may occur in the generalized rock-scissors-paper game, unlike the replicator equation. Nonetheless, many of the Folk Theorem results are shown to hold for this model. C1 [Ermentrout, G. Bard] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Math, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Griffin, Christopher] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Belmonte, Andrew] Penn State Univ, Dept Math, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Ermentrout, GB (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Math, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. FU Universite Paris Diderot Paris 7; National Science Foundation [CMMI-1463482]; NSF [DMS-1219753] FX A.B. acknowledges support from Universite Paris Diderot Paris 7, and R. deForest, G. Gunaratne, K. Sneppen, and S. Tian for helpful discussions. C.G. thanks E. Paulson for a critical reading and suggestions on the manuscript. A.B. and C.G. were partially supported by the National Science Foundation, under Grant No. CMMI-1463482. B.E. was partially supported by NSF Grant No. DMS-1219753. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR 21 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 3 AR 032138 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.93.032138 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA DH3ZC UT WOS:000372724300005 PM 27078323 ER PT J AU Taylor, CD Busse, LE Frantz, J Sanghera, JS Aggarwal, ID Poutous, MK AF Taylor, C. D. Busse, L. E. Frantz, J. Sanghera, J. S. Aggarwal, I. D. Poutous, M. K. TI Angle-of-incidence performance of random anti-reflection structures on curved surfaces SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID POWER LASER APPLICATIONS; COATINGS; LENSES AB Random anti-reflection structured surfaces (rARSS) have been reported to improve transmittance of optical-grade fused silica planar substrates to values greater than 99%. These textures are fabricated directly on the substrates using reactive-ion etching techniques, and often result in transmitted spectra with no measurable interference effects (fringes) for a wide range of wavelengths. The inductively coupled reactive-ion plasma (ICP-RIE) used in the fabrication process to etch the rARSS is anisotropic and thus well suited for planar components. The improvement in spectral transmission has been found to be independent of optical incidence angles for values from 0 degrees to +/- 30 degrees. Qualifying and quantifying the rARSS performance on curved substrates, such as convex lenses, is required to optimize the fabrication of the desired AR effect on optical-power elements. In this work, rARSS was fabricated on fused silica plano-convex lenses using a planar-substrate optimized ICP-RIE process to maximize optical transmission in the range from 500 to 1100 nm. Results are presented from optical transmission tests of rARSS lenses for both TE and TM incident polarizations at a wavelength of 633 nm and over a 70 degrees full field of view. These results suggest optimization of the fabrication process to account for anisotropy is not required, mainly due to the wide angle-of-incidence AR tolerance performance of the rARSS lenses. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Taylor, C. D.; Poutous, M. K.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Opt Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Busse, L. E.; Frantz, J.; Sanghera, J. S.] Naval Res Lab, Code 5620, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Aggarwal, I. D.] Sotera Def Solut, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. RP Taylor, CD (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Opt Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. EM ctayl127@uncc.edu NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 10 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAR 20 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 9 BP 2203 EP 2213 DI 10.1364/AO.55.002203 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA DI3LO UT WOS:000373400400012 PM 27140553 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M An, H Baldini, L Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Blandford, RD Bonino, R Bregeon, J Britto, RJ Bruel, P Buehler, R Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caragiulo, M Caraveo, PA Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Cohen-Tanugi, J Costanza, F Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Desiante, R Di Mauro, M Di Venere, L Dominiguez, A Drell, PS Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Finke, J Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Green, D Grenier, IA Guiriec, S Horan, D Johannesson, G Katsuragawa, M Kuss, M Larsson, S Latronico, L Li, J Li, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Magill, J Maldera, S Manfreda, A Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN Michelson, PF Mirabal, N Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Negro, M Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okada, C Orlando, E Paneque, D Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, O Rau, A Romani, RW Schady, P Sgro, C Simone, D Siskind, EJ Spada, F Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stern, D Takahashi, H Thayer, JB Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Vianello, G Wood, KS Wood, M AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. An, H. Baldini, L. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Blandford, R. D. Bonino, R. Bregeon, J. Britto, R. J. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caragiulo, M. Caraveo, P. A. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Costanza, F. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Desiante, R. Di Mauro, M. Di Venere, L. Dominiguez, A. Drell, P. S. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Finke, J. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Green, D. Grenier, I. A. Guiriec, S. Horan, D. Johannesson, G. Katsuragawa, M. Kuss, M. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Li, J. Li, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Magill, J. Maldera, S. Manfreda, A. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. Michelson, P. F. Mirabal, N. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Negro, M. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okada, C. Orlando, E. Paneque, D. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, O. Rau, A. Romani, R. W. Schady, P. Sgro, C. Simone, D. Siskind, E. J. Spada, F. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stern, D. Takahashi, H. Thayer, J. B. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Vianello, G. Wood, K. S. Wood, M. TI CONTEMPORANEOUS BROADBAND OBSERVATIONS OF THREE HIGH-REDSHIFT BL LAC OBJECTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: general; BL Lacertae objects: individual (3FGL J0022.1-1855, 3FGL J0630.9-2406; 3FGL J0811.2-7529); galaxies: active; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; GAMMA-RAY SPECTRA; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; GALAXY SURVEY DATA; LACERTAE OBJECTS; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; BRIGHT BLAZARS AB We have collected broadband spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of three BL Lac objects 3FGL J0022.1-1855 (z = 0.689), 3FGL J0630.9-2406 (z greater than or similar to 1.239), and 3FGL J0811.2-7529 (z = 0.774), detected by Fermi with relatively flat gigaelectronvolt spectra. By observing simultaneously in the near-infrared to hard X-ray band, we can well characterize the high end of the synchrotron component of the SED. Thus, fitting the SEDs to synchro-Compton models of the dominant emission from the relativistic jet, we can constrain the underlying particle properties and predict the shape of the gigaelectronvolt Compton component. Standard extragalactic background light (EBL) models explain the high-energy absorption well, with poorer fits for high-ultraviolet models. The fits show clear evidence for EBL absorption in the Fermi spectrum of our highest-redshift source 3FGL J0630.9-2406. While synchrotron self-Compton models adequately describe the SEDs, the situation may be complicated by possible external Compton components. For 3FGL J0811.2-7529, we also discover a nearby serendipitous source in the X-ray data, which is almost certainly another lower synchrotron peak frequency (nu(sy)(pk)) BL Lac, that may contribute flux in the Fermi band. Since our sources are unusual high-luminosity, moderate nu(sy)(pk) BL Lacs, we compare these quantities and the Compton dominance, the ratio of peak inverse Compton to peak synchrotron luminosities (L-pk(IC)/L-pk(sy)), with those of the full Fermi BL Lac population. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.] DESY, Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, D-12738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.; Dominiguez, A.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [An, H.; Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Di Mauro, M.; Drell, P. S.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [An, H.; Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Di Mauro, M.; Drell, P. S.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Chekhtman, A.; Kuss, M.; Manfreda, A.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spada, F.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Chiaro, G.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Caragiulo, M.; Costanza, F.; de Palma, F.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Simone, D.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Desiante, R.; Latronico, L.; Maldera, S.; Negro, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Negro, M.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier, Lab Univ & Particules Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, F-34059 Montpellier, France. [Britto, R. J.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, POB 524,Auckland Pk, ZA-2006 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF, Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Chekhtman, A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cutini, S.] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Rome, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M.] Inst Radioastron, INAF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Ferrara, E. C.; Green, D.; Guiriec, S.; Mirabal, N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Finke, J.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Green, D.; Magill, J.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Green, D.; Magill, J.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Grenier, I. A.; Troja, E.] Univ Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Katsuragawa, M.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, AlbaNova, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Space Sci IEEC CSIC, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Mitthumsiri, W.] Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Okada, C.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Rau, A.; Schady, P.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Stern, D.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. RP An, H (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; An, H (reprint author), Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM hjans@stanford.edu RI Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; OI Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Mazziotta, Mario Nicola/0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; An, Hongjun/0000-0002-6389-9012; DI MAURO, MATTIA/0000-0003-2759-5625; Ajello, Marco/0000-0002-6584-1703 FU NASA [NNG08FD60C, NAS5-00147]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC); DFG [HA 1850/28-1] FX This work was supported under NASA Contract No. NNG08FD60C and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software, and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS), jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA).r H.A. acknowledges support provided by the NASA-sponsored Fermi Contract NAS5-00147 and by the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC). Part of the funding for GROND (both hardware and personnel) was generously granted from the Leibniz Prize to Prof. G. Hasinger (DFG grant HA 1850/28-1). NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2016 VL 820 IS 1 AR 72 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/820/1/72 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DH4WT UT WOS:000372787000071 ER PT J AU Brooks, DH Warren, HP AF Brooks, David H. Warren, Harry P. TI MEASUREMENTS OF NON-THERMAL LINE WIDTHS IN SOLAR ACTIVE REGIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; Sun: corona; Sun: UV radiation ID EUV-IMAGING-SPECTROMETER; CORONAL LOOPS OBSERVATIONS; ALFVEN-WAVE TURBULENCE; HOT PLASMA; HINODE-EIS; SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; RESONANT ABSORPTION; CONFINED PLASMA; FORBIDDEN LINES AB Spectral line widths are often observed to be larger than can be accounted for by thermal and instrumental broadening alone. This excess broadening is a key observational constraint for both nanoflare and wave dissipation models of coronal heating. Here we present a survey of non-thermal velocities measured in the high temperature loops (1-4MK) often found in the cores of solar active regions. This survey of Hinode Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) observations covers 15 non-flaring active regions that span a wide range of solar conditions. We find relatively small non-thermal velocities, with a mean value of 17.6 +/- 5.3 km s(-1), and no significant trend with temperature or active region magnetic flux. These measurements appear to be inconsistent with those expected from reconnection jets in the corona, chromospheric evaporation induced by coronal nanoflares, and Alfven wave turbulence models. Furthermore, because the observed non-thermal widths are generally small, such measurements are difficult and susceptible to systematic effects. C1 [Brooks, David H.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Warren, Harry P.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Brooks, David H.] ISAS JAXA, Hinode Team, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. RP Brooks, DH (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.; Brooks, DH (reprint author), ISAS JAXA, Hinode Team, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. FU NASA Hinode program FX The authors would like to thank Peter Cargill for suggesting this project. This work was funded by the NASA Hinode program. Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, with NAOJ as domestic partner and NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. It is operated by these agencies in cooperation with the ESA and NSC (Norway). NR 75 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2016 VL 820 IS 1 AR 63 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/820/1/63 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DH4WT UT WOS:000372787000062 ER PT J AU Camilo, F Reynolds, JE Ransom, SM Halpern, JP Bogdanov, S Kerr, M Ray, PS Cordes, JM Sarkissian, J Barr, ED Ferrara, EC AF Camilo, F. Reynolds, J. E. Ransom, S. M. Halpern, J. P. Bogdanov, S. Kerr, M. Ray, P. S. Cordes, J. M. Sarkissian, J. Barr, E. D. Ferrara, E. C. TI DISCOVERY OF A MILLISECOND PULSAR IN THE 5.4 DAY BINARY 3FGL J1417.5-4402: OBSERVING THE LATE PHASE OF PULSAR RECYCLING SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pulsars: individual (PSR J1417-4402) ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; X-RAY BINARIES; GAMMA-RAY; LOW-MASS; PSR J1023+0038; NEUTRON-STAR; J1740-5340; COMPANION; NGC-6397; SYSTEM AB In a search of the unidentified Fermi gamma-ray source 3FGL. J1417.5-4402 with the Parkes radio telescope, we discovered PSR. J1417-4402, a 2.66 ms pulsar having the same 5.4 day orbital period as the optical and X-ray binary identified by Strader et al. The existence of radio pulsations implies that the neutron star is currently not accreting. Substantial outflows from the companion render the radio pulsar undetectable for more than half of the orbit, and may contribute to the observed H alpha emission. Our initial pulsar observations, together with the optically inferred orbit and inclination, imply a mass ratio of 0.171 +/- 0.002, a companion mass of M-2 = 0.33 +/- 0.03 M-circle dot, and a neutron star mass in the range 1.77 <= M-1 <= 2.13 M-circle dot. However, there remains a discrepancy between the distance of 4.4 kpc inferred from the optical properties of the companion and the smaller radio dispersion measure distance of 1.6 kpc. The smaller distance would reduce the inferred Roche-lobe filling factor, increase the inferred inclination angle, and decrease the masses. As a wide binary, PSR. J1417-4402 differs from the radio-eclipsing black widow and redback pulsars being discovered in large numbers by Fermi. It is probably a system that began mass transfer onto the neutron star after the companion star left the main sequence. The companion should end its evolution as a He white dwarf in a 6-20 day orbit, i.e., as a typical binary millisecond pulsar companion. C1 [Camilo, F.; Halpern, J. P.; Bogdanov, S.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Camilo, F.] SKA South Africa, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. [Reynolds, J. E.; Kerr, M.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Ransom, S. M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Ray, P. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cordes, J. M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Cordes, J. M.] Cornell Univ, Ctr Radiophys & Space Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sarkissian, J.] CSIRO, Parkes Observ, Parkes, NSW 2870, Australia. [Barr, E. D.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. [Ferrara, E. C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Camilo, F (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA.; Camilo, F (reprint author), SKA South Africa, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 FU Commonwealth of Australia; NASA FX We are grateful to the ATNF Electronics group led by Warwick Wilson for their work with the digital filterbanks. We thank Ryan Shannon, Dick Manchester, and George Hobbs for observing assistance, and Lawrence Toomey for help with accessing archival data. Phil Edwards accommodated our stringent observing constraints with grace and efficiency, for which we are most thankful. We acknowledge stimulating feedback from Thomas Tauris and Roger Romani. The Parkes Observatory is part of the Australia Telescope, which is funded by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. We acknowledge the use of public data from the Swift data archive. Work by P. Ray is supported by the NASA Fermi Guest Investigator program. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2016 VL 820 IS 1 AR 6 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/820/1/6 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DH4WT UT WOS:000372787000006 ER PT J AU Wang, YM AF Wang, Y. -M. TI THE UBIQUITOUS PRESENCE OF LOOPLIKE FINE STRUCTURE INSIDE SOLAR ACTIVE REGIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Sun: chromosphere; Sun: corona; Sun: faculae, plages; Sun: magnetic fields; Sun: transition region; Sun: UV radiation ID TRANSITION REGION; MAGNETIC-STRUCTURE; ARCSECOND SCALES; RESOLUTION; LOOPS; MOSS; EMERGENCE; CORONA; TRACE; FIELD AB Although most of the solar surface outside active regions (ARs) is pervaded by small-scale fields of mixed polarity, this magnetic "carpet" or "junkyard" is thought to be largely absent inside AR plages and strong network. However, using extreme-ultraviolet images and line-of-sight magnetograms from the Solar Dynamics Observatory, we find that unipolar flux concentrations, both inside and outside ARs, often have small, loop-shaped Fe IX 17.1 and Fe XII 19.3 nm features embedded within them, even though no minority-polarity flux is visible in the corresponding magnetograms. Such looplike structures, characterized by horizontal sizes of similar to 3-5 Mm and varying on timescales of minutes or less, are seen inside bright 17.1 nm moss, as well as in fainter moss-like regions associated with weaker network outside ARs. We also note a tendency for bright coronal loops to show compact, looplike features at their footpoints. Based on these observations, we suggest that present-day magnetograms may be substantially underrepresenting the amount of minority-polarity flux inside plages and strong network, and that reconnection between small bipoles and the overlying large-scale field could be a major source of coronal heating both in ARs and in the quiet Sun. C1 [Wang, Y. -M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wang, YM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM yi.wang@nrl.navy.mil FU Chief of Naval Research FX I am indebted to the referee for comments, and to I. UgarteUrra and H. P. Warren for discussions and help with the data processing. This work was supported by the Chief of Naval Research. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD MAR 20 PY 2016 VL 820 IS 1 AR L13 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/820/1/L13 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DG8RT UT WOS:000372352000013 ER PT J AU Kim, J Dutta, A Naik, GV Giles, AJ Bezares, FJ Ellis, CT Tischler, JG Mahmoud, AM Caglayan, H Glembocki, OJ Kildishev, AV Caldwell, JD Boltasseva, A Engheta, N AF Kim, Jongbum Dutta, Aveek Naik, Gururaj V. Giles, Alexander J. Bezares, Francisco J. Ellis, Chase T. Tischler, Joseph G. Mahmoud, Ahmed M. Caglayan, Humeyra Glembocki, Orest J. Kildishev, Alexander V. Caldwell, Joshua D. Boltasseva, Alexandra Engheta, Nader TI Role of epsilon-near-zero substrates in the optical response of plasmonic antennas SO OPTICA LA English DT Article ID SURFACE PHONON POLARITONS; NANOANTENNA ARRAYS; GRAPHENE PLASMONS; BORON-NITRIDE; METAMATERIALS; LIGHT; ABSORPTION; INDEX; REALIZATION; WAVELENGTHS AB Radiation patterns and the resonance wavelength of a plasmonic antenna are significantly influenced by its local environment, particularly its substrate. Here, we experimentally explore the role of dispersive substrates, such as aluminum-or gallium-doped zinc oxide in the near infrared and 4H-silicon carbide in the mid-infrared, upon Au plasmonic antennas, extending from dielectric to metal-like regimes, crossing through epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) conditions. We demonstrate that the vanishing index of refraction within this transition induces a "slowing down" of the rate of spectral shift for the antenna resonance frequency, resulting in an eventual "pinning" of the resonance near the ENZ frequency. This condition corresponds to a strong backward emission with near-constant phase. By comparing heavily doped semiconductors and undoped, polar dielectric substrates with ENZ conditions in the near- and mid-infrared, respectively, we also demonstrate the generality of the phenomenon using both surface plasmon and phonon polaritons, respectively. Furthermore, we also show that the redirected antenna radiation induces a Fano-like interference and an apparent stimulation of optic phonons within SiC. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Kim, Jongbum; Dutta, Aveek; Naik, Gururaj V.; Kildishev, Alexander V.; Boltasseva, Alexandra] Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kim, Jongbum; Dutta, Aveek; Naik, Gururaj V.; Kildishev, Alexander V.; Boltasseva, Alexandra] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Giles, Alexander J.; Bezares, Francisco J.; Ellis, Chase T.] NRL, NRC ASEE, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Tischler, Joseph G.; Glembocki, Orest J.; Caldwell, Joshua D.] Naval Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mahmoud, Ahmed M.; Engheta, Nader] Univ Penn, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Caglayan, Humeyra] Abdullah Gul Univ, Elect & Elect Engn, TR-38080 Kayseri, Turkey. RP Engheta, N (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM engheta@ee.upenn.edu RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; Caglayan, Humeyra/G-5786-2012; OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Kildishev, Alexander/0000-0002-8382-8422 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-10-1-0942]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-14-1-0389]; NRC/ASEE Postdoctoral Fellowship Naval Research Laboratory Nanoscience Institute (ONR) FX Office of Naval Research (ONR) (N00014-10-1-0942); Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (FA9550-14-1-0389); NRC/ASEE Postdoctoral Fellowship Naval Research Laboratory Nanoscience Institute (from ONR). NR 54 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 10 U2 38 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2334-2536 J9 OPTICA JI Optica PD MAR 20 PY 2016 VL 3 IS 3 BP 339 EP 346 DI 10.1364/OPTICA.3.000339 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA DG8MY UT WOS:000372339500019 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Adkins, JK Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alekseev, I Aparin, A Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, EC Attri, A Averichev, GS Bai, X Bairathi, V Bellwied, R Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattarai, P Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Bouchet, J Brandenburg, JD Brandin, AV Bunzarov, I Butterworth, J Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Campbell, JM Cebra, D Chakaberia, I Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chatterjee, A Chattopadhyay, S Chen, JH Chen, X Cheng, J Cherney, M Christie, W Contin, G Crawford, HJ Das, S De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA Di Ruzza, B Didenko, L Dilks, C Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Engelage, J Eppley, G Esha, R Evdokimov, O Eyser, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Federic, P Fedorisin, J Feng, Z Filip, P Fisyak, Y Flores, CE Fulek, L Gagliardi, CA Garand, D Geurts, F Gibson, A Girard, M Greiner, L Grosnick, D Gunarathne, DS Guo, Y Gupta, S Gupta, A Guryn, W Hamad, AI Hamed, A Haque, R Harris, JW He, L Heppelmann, S Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Horvat, S Huang, T Huang, X Huang, B Huang, HZ Huck, P Humanic, TJ Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jang, H Jentsch, A Jia, J Jiang, K Judd, EG Kabana, S Kalinkin, D Kang, K Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Khan, ZH Kikola, DP Kisel, I Kisiel, A Kochenda, L Koetke, DD Kosarzewski, LK Kraishan, AF Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Landry, KD Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Li, X Li, C Li, X Li, Y Li, W Lin, T Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Lomnitz, M Longacre, RS Luo, X Ma, R Ma, GL Ma, YG Ma, L Magdy, N Majka, R Manion, A Margetis, S Markert, C Matis, HS McDonald, D McKinzie, S Meehan, K Mei, JC Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mishra, D Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Mustafa, MK Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nigmatkulov, G Niida, T Nogach, LV Noh, SY Novak, J Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Okorokov, VA Jr, DO Page, BS Pak, R Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Pile, P Pluta, J Poniatowska, K Porter, J Posik, M Poskanzer, AM Pruthi, NK Putschke, J Qiu, H Quintero, A Ramachandran, S Raniwala, S Raniwala, R Ray, RL Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ruan, L Rusnak, J Rusnakova, O Sahoo, NR Sahu, PK Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, WB Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shanmuganathan, PV Shao, M Sharma, A Sharma, B Sharma, MK Shen, WQ Shi, Z Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Sikora, R Simko, M Singha, S Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Smirnov, D Solyst, W Song, L Sorensen, P Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Stepanov, M Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Sumbera, M Summa, B Sun, Z Sun, XM Sun, Y Surrow, B Svirida, DN Tang, Z Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Tawfik, A Thader, J Thomas, JH Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Todoroki, T Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Tripathy, SK Tsai, OD Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Upsal, I Van Buren, G Van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vandenbroucke, M Varma, R Vasiliev, AN Vertesi, R Videbaek, F Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wang, F Wang, G Wang, JS Wang, H Wang, Y Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Wen, L Westfall, GD Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xiao, ZG Xie, W Xie, G Xin, K Xu, YF Xu, QH Xu, N Xu, H Xu, Z Xu, J Yang, S Yang, Y Yang, Y Yang, C Yang, Y Yang, Q Ye, Z Ye, Z Yepes, P Yi, L Yip, K Yoo, IK Yu, N Zbroszczyk, H Zha, W Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, J Zhang, J Zhang, S Zhang, S Zhang, Z Zhang, JB Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhou, L Zhu, X Zoulkarneeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Adamczyk, L. Adkins, J. K. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alekseev, I. Aparin, A. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. C. Attri, A. Averichev, G. S. Bai, X. Bairathi, V. Bellwied, R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhattarai, P. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Bouchet, J. Brandenburg, J. D. Brandin, A. V. Bunzarov, I. Butterworth, J. Caines, H. Calderon de la Barca Sanchez, M. Campbell, J. M. Cebra, D. Chakaberia, I. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chatterjee, A. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, J. H. Chen, X. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Christie, W. Contin, G. Crawford, H. J. Das, S. De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. Di Ruzza, B. Didenko, L. Dilks, C. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Esha, R. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Federic, P. Fedorisin, J. Feng, Z. Filip, P. Fisyak, Y. Flores, C. E. Fulek, L. Gagliardi, C. A. Garand, D. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Girard, M. Greiner, L. Grosnick, D. Gunarathne, D. S. Guo, Y. Gupta, S. Gupta, A. Guryn, W. Hamad, A. I. Hamed, A. Haque, R. Harris, J. W. He, L. Heppelmann, S. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Horvat, S. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jang, H. Jentsch, A. Jia, J. Jiang, K. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kalinkin, D. Kang, K. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Khan, Z. H. Kikola, D. P. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Kochenda, L. Koetke, D. D. Kosarzewski, L. K. Kraishan, A. F. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Landry, K. D. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Li, X. Li, C. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, W. Lin, T. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Lomnitz, M. Longacre, R. S. Luo, X. Ma, R. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Ma, L. Magdy, N. Majka, R. Manion, A. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McKinzie, S. Meehan, K. Mei, J. C. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mishra, D. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Mustafa, M. K. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nigmatkulov, G. Niida, T. Nogach, L. V. Noh, S. Y. Novak, J. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Okorokov, V. A. Jr, D. Olvitt Page, B. S. Pak, R. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Pile, P. Pluta, J. Poniatowska, K. Porter, J. Posik, M. Poskanzer, A. M. Pruthi, N. K. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Quintero, A. Ramachandran, S. Raniwala, S. Raniwala, R. Ray, R. L. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Rusnakova, O. Sahoo, N. R. Sahu, P. K. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shanmuganathan, P. V. Shao, M. Sharma, A. Sharma, B. Sharma, M. K. Shen, W. Q. Shi, Z. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Sikora, R. Simko, M. Singha, S. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Smirnov, D. Solyst, W. Song, L. Sorensen, P. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Stepanov, M. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Sumbera, M. Summa, B. Sun, Z. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Tang, Z. Tang, A. H. Tarnowsky, T. Tawfik, A. Thader, J. Thomas, J. H. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Todoroki, T. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Tripathy, S. K. Tsai, O. D. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Upsal, I. Van Buren, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vandenbroucke, M. Varma, R. Vasiliev, A. N. Vertesi, R. Videbaek, F. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, H. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Wen, L. Westfall, G. D. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xiao, Z. G. Xie, W. Xie, G. Xin, K. Xu, Y. F. Xu, Q. H. Xu, N. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Xu, J. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yang, C. Yang, Y. Yang, Q. Ye, Z. Ye, Z. Yepes, P. Yi, L. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Yu, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zha, W. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, J. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, S. Zhang, Z. Zhang, J. B. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhou, L. Zhu, X. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zyzak, M. CA STAR Collaboration TI Beam Energy Dependence of the Third Harmonic of Azimuthal Correlations in Au plus Au Collisions at RHIC SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; ELLIPTIC FLOW; AU+AU COLLISIONS; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; CENTRALITY DEPENDENCE; ROOT-S(NN)=130 GEV; PHASE-TRANSITION; QCD; MATTER AB We present results from a harmonic decomposition of two-particle azimuthal correlations measured with the STAR detector in Au + Au collisions for energies ranging from root s(NN) = 7.7 to 200 GeV. The third harmonic nu(2)(3){2} = cos 3(phi(1)-phi(2)), where phi(1)-phi(2) is the angular difference in azimuth, is studied as a function of the pseudorapidity difference between particle pairs Delta eta = eta(1) -eta(2). Nonzero nu(2)(3){2} is directly related to the previously observed large-Delta eta narrow-Delta phi ridge correlations and has been shown in models to be sensitive to the existence of a low viscosity quark gluon plasma phase. For sufficiently central collisions, nu(2)(3){2} persist down to an energy of 7.7 GeV, suggesting that quark gluon plasma may be created even in these low energy collisions. In peripheral collisions at these low energies, however, nu(2)(3){2} is consistent with zero. When scaled by the pseudorapidity density of charged-particle multiplicity per participating nucleon pair, nu(2)(3){2} for central collisions shows a minimum near root s(NN) = 20 GeV. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Fulek, L.; Sikora, R.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, FPACS, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Bland, L. C.; Chakaberia, I.; Christie, W.; Di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Eyser, O.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Jia, J.; Ke, H. W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Ma, R.; Ogawa, A.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, W. B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Todoroki, T.; Tribedy, P.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Videbaek, F.; Wang, H.; Webb, G.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Calderon de la Barca Sanchez, M.; Cebra, D.; Draper, J. E.; Flores, C. E.; Heppelmann, S.; Meehan, K.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Debbe, R. R.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Esha, R.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Landry, K. D.; Nasim, Md.; Pan, Y. X.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Wen, L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Bai, X.; Feng, Z.; Huck, P.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Pei, H.; Shi, S. S.; Sun, X. M.; Wang, Y.; Xu, J.; Yang, Y.; Yu, N.; Zhang, J. B.] Cent China Normal Univ, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Evdokimov, O.; Huang, B.; Khan, Z. H.; Pandit, Y.; Ye, Z.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; De Silva, L. C.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Rusnakova, O.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Federic, P.; Rusnak, J.; Simko, M.; Sumbera, M.; Vertesi, R.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Prague 25068, Czech Republic. [Kisel, I.; Stock, R.; Zyzak, M.] FIAS, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Das, S.; Sahu, P. K.; Tripathy, S. K.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Kalinkin, D.; Lin, T.; Skoby, M. J.; Solyst, W.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, S.; Gupta, A.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, M. K.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Aparin, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Bouchet, J.; Hamad, A. I.; Kabana, S.; Keane, D.; Lomnitz, M.; Margetis, S.; Quintero, A.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Singha, S.; Wu, Y.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Adkins, J. K.; Fatemi, R.; Ramachandran, S.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Jang, H.; Noh, S. Y.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Daejeon 305701, South Korea. [Chen, X.; Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Contin, G.; Dong, X.; Greiner, L.; Manion, A.; Matis, H. S.; McKinzie, S.; Mustafa, M. K.; Odyniec, G.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Shi, Z.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Thader, J.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kochenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Okorokov, V. A.; Strikhanov, M.] Natl Res Nucl Univ MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Bairathi, V.; Haque, R.; Mishra, D.; Mohanty, B.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Huang, T.; Yang, Y.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Campbell, J. M.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Upsal, I.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Pawlik, B.; Sharma, B.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Attri, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Dilks, C.; Heppelmann, S.; Summa, B.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia. [Garand, D.; He, L.; Hirsch, A.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B.; Stepanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Xie, W.; Zhao, J.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 46241, South Korea. [Raniwala, S.; Raniwala, R.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Brandenburg, J. D.; Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Roberts, J. B.; Tlusty, D.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Guo, Y.; Jiang, K.; Li, C.; Li, X.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Xie, G.; Yang, S.; Yang, C.; Yang, Q.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, S.; Zhou, L.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Mei, J. C.; Xu, Q. H.; Zhang, J.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chen, J. H.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Ma, L.; Shah, N.; Shen, W. Q.; Shou, Q. Y.; Xu, Y. F.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, Z.; Zhong, C.] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Magdy, N.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Gunarathne, D. S.; Kraishan, A. F.; Li, X.; Jr, D. Olvitt; Posik, M.; Surrow, B.; Vandenbroucke, M.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Chang, Z.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mondal, M. M.; Sahoo, N. R.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bhattarai, P.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Jentsch, A.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; McDonald, D.; Song, L.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Huang, X.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Drachenberg, J. L.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chatterjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Nayak, T. K.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Girard, M.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisiel, A.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, PL-00661 Warsaw, Poland. [Kauder, K.; Llope, W. J.; Niida, T.; Putschke, J.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Tawfik, A.] WLCAPP, Cairo 11571, Egypt. [Caines, H.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.; Yi, L.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Adamczyk, L (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, FPACS, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RI Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Yi, Li/Q-1705-2016; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Tawfik, Abdel Nasser/M-6220-2013; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Gunarathne, Devika/C-4903-2017; OI Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Yi, Li/0000-0002-7512-2657; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Tawfik, Abdel Nasser/0000-0002-1679-0225; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Gunarathne, Devika/0000-0002-7155-7418; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536; Sikora, Rafal/0000-0001-5185-2367; Ke, Hongwei/0000-0003-1463-7291; Sorensen, Paul/0000-0001-5056-9391 FU RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; KISTI Center in Korea; Open Science Grid consortium; Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; National Research Foundation of Korea; NCKU (Taiwan); GA of the Czech Republic; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FIAS of Germany; DAE; DST; UGC of India; National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, the KISTI Center in Korea, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, the National Research Foundation of Korea, NCKU (Taiwan), GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FIAS of Germany, DAE, DST, and UGC of India, the National Science Centre of Poland, National Research Foundation, the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 78 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 11 U2 25 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 18 PY 2016 VL 116 IS 11 AR 112302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.112302 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DG9WB UT WOS:000372433400003 PM 27035295 ER PT J AU Cunningham, PD McCreary, KM Hanbicki, AT Currie, M Jonker, BT Hayden, LM AF Cunningham, Paul D. McCreary, Kathleen M. Hanbicki, Aubrey T. Currie, Marc Jonker, Berend T. Hayden, L. Michael TI Charge Trapping and Exciton Dynamics in Large-Area CVD Grown MoS2 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID FEW-LAYER MOS2; MONOLAYER MOLYBDENUM-DISULFIDE; DER-WAALS HETEROSTRUCTURES; MONO LAYER; 2-DIMENSIONAL SEMICONDUCTORS; CARRIER DYNAMICS; ELECTRON; FILMS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; TRANSITION AB There is keen interest in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide films for a variety of optoelectronic applications due to their direct band gap and fast carrier dynamics. However, the mechanisms dominating their carrier dynamics are poorly understood. By combining time-resolved terahertz (THz) spectroscopy and transient absorption, we are able to shed light on the optoelectronic properties of large area CVD grown mono- and multilayer MoS2 films and determine the origins of the characteristic two-component excited state dynamics. The photoinduced conductivity shows that charge carriers, and not excitons, are responsible for the subpicosecond dynamics. Identical dynamics resulting from sub-optical gap excitation suggest that charge carriers are rapidly trapped by midgap states within 600 fs. This process complicates the excited state spectrum with rapid changes in line-width broadening in addition to a red-shift due to band gap renormalization and simple state-filling effects. These dynamics are insensitive to film thickness, temperature, or choice of substrate, which suggests that carrier trapping occurs at surface defects or grain boundaries. The slow dynamics are associated with exciton recombination and lengthen from 50 ps for monolayer films to 150 ps for multilayer films indicating that surface recombination dominates their lifetime. We see no signatures of trions in these MoS2 films. Our results imply that CVD grown films of MoS2 hold potential for high-speed optoelectronics and provide an explanation for the absence of trions in some CVD grown MoS2 films. C1 [Cunningham, Paul D.; McCreary, Kathleen M.; Hanbicki, Aubrey T.; Currie, Marc; Jonker, Berend T.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hayden, L. Michael] UMBC, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Cunningham, PD (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Hayden, LM (reprint author), UMBC, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM paul.cunningham@nrl.navy.mil; hayden@umbc.edu FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); NRL Nanoscience Institute; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [AOARD 14IOA018-134141] FX This work was supported by core programs at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), the NRL Nanoscience Institute, and by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under contract number AOARD 14IOA018-134141. K.M.M. acknowledges the National Research Council research associates program. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 26 U2 82 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD MAR 17 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 10 BP 5819 EP 5826 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b00647 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DH1QY UT WOS:000372561200061 ER PT J AU Baranowski, DB Flatau, MK Flatau, PJ Matthews, AJ AF Baranowski, Dariusz B. Flatau, Maria K. Flatau, Piotr J. Matthews, Adrian J. TI Impact of atmospheric convectively coupled equatorial Kelvin waves on upper ocean variability SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE atmospheric convection; equatorial waves; air-sea interactions; CINDY2011; DYNAMO; Madden-Julian oscillations; convectively coupled Kelvin waves ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; INDIAN-OCEAN; INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATIONS; WESTERN PACIFIC; TROPICAL WAVES; TEMPERATURE; MJO; PREDICTION; MODELS; CLOUDS AB Convectively coupled Kelvin waves (CCKWs) are atmospheric weather systems that propagate eastward along the equatorial wave guide with phase speeds between 11 and 14ms(-1). They are an important constituent of the convective envelope of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO), for which ocean-atmosphere interactions play a vital role. Hence, ocean-atmosphere interactions within CCKWs may be important for MJO development and prediction and for tropical climate, in general. Although the atmospheric structure of CCKWs has been well studied, their impact on the underlying ocean is unknown. In this paper, the ocean-atmosphere interactions in CCKWs are investigated by a case study from November 2011 during the CINDY/DYNAMO field experiment, using in situ oceanographic measurements from an ocean glider. The analysis is then extended to a 15 year period using precipitation data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission and surface fluxes from the TropFlux analysis. A methodology is developed to calculate trajectories of CCKWs. CCKW events are strongly controlled by the MJO, with twice as many CCKWs observed during the convectively active phase of the MJO compared to the suppressed phase. Coherent ocean-atmosphere interaction is observed during the passage of a CCKW, which lasts approximately 4days at any given longitude. Surface wind speed and latent heat flux are enhanced, leading to a transient suppression of the diurnal cycle of sea surface temperature (SST) and a sustained decrease in bulk SST of 0.1 degrees C. Given that a typical composite mean MJO SST anomaly is of the order of 0.3 degrees C, and more than one CCKW can occur during the active phase of a single MJO event, the oceanographic impact of CCKWs is of major importance to the MJO cycle. C1 [Baranowski, Dariusz B.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Geophys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Baranowski, Dariusz B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Flatau, Maria K.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. [Flatau, Piotr J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Matthews, Adrian J.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Ctr Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Matthews, Adrian J.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Math, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. RP Baranowski, DB (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Inst Geophys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland.; Baranowski, DB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA. EM dariusz.b.baranowski@jpl.nasa.gov RI Matthews, Adrian/A-6444-2011; Flatau, Piotr/E-2219-2011 OI Matthews, Adrian/0000-0003-0492-1168; FU Poland's National Science Centre (Narodowe Centrum Nauki) [2012/07/N/ST10/03303]; ONR DRI (Unified Physical Parameterization for Extended-Range Prediction); Office of Naval Research [601153N] FX D.B.B. has been supported by Poland's National Science Centre (Narodowe Centrum Nauki) (decision 2012/07/N/ST10/03303). M.K.F. and P.J.F. have been supported by ONR DRI (Unified Physical Parameterization for Extended-Range Prediction); Analysis of the DYNAMO field campaign data has been supported by the Office of Naval Research under program element 601153N. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 16 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 5 BP 2045 EP 2059 DI 10.1002/2015JD024150 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DI6HB UT WOS:000373598700001 ER PT J AU Hervig, ME Berger, U Siskind, DE AF Hervig, Mark E. Berger, Uwe Siskind, David E. TI Decadal variability in PMCs and implications for changing temperature and water vapor in the upper mesosphere SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE polar mesospheric cloud; SBUV; MIMAS; PMC; trends; SOFIE ID SUMMER MESOSPHERE; CLOUDS; ALOMAR; TRENDS AB Observations of polar mesospheric clouds (PMC) from the solar backscatter ultraviolet (SBUV) satellite instruments are used to characterize variability and trends from 1979 to 2014. The SBUV PMC record indicates decadal oscillations during the 1980s and 1990s, which are expected to result from the 11year solar cycle. This oscillation is absent in the recent decade, however, and we speculate that solar cycle effects at PMC altitudes during the 1980s and 1990s may have been fortuitously amplified by stratospheric warming due to volcanic eruptions which occurred near solar maximum. SBUV trend results are compared with temperature, water vapor, and PMCs from the Mesospheric Ice Microphysics and Transport (MIMAS) model. Both SBUV and the model indicate positive trends in PMC vertically integrated water content (IWC), which increase toward higher latitudes. Using analysis of Solar Occultation for Ice Experiment (SOFIE) observations, the SBUV IWC trends are expressed in terms of the underlying changes in temperature and water vapor in the upper mesosphere. SBUV indicates cooling trends that increase toward higher latitudes (-0.50.2Kdecade(-1) at 77 degrees N), consistent with the MIMAS model and scant observations. SBUV indicates increasing water vapor in the Northern Hemisphere upper mesosphere (0.070.03ppmvdecade(-1) at 77 degrees N, insignificant in the Southern Hemisphere), with values that are consistent with MIMAS but less than expected due to increasing methane. C1 [Hervig, Mark E.] GATS Inc, Driggs, ID USA. [Berger, Uwe] Univ Rostock, Leibniz Inst Atmospher Phys, Kuhlungsborn, Germany. [Siskind, David E.] Naval Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hervig, ME (reprint author), GATS Inc, Driggs, ID USA. EM m.e.hervig@gats-inc.com FU NASA/AIM mission - NASA's Small Explorers Program [NAS5-03132] FX This work was supported by the NASA/AIM mission which is funded by NASA's Small Explorers Program under contract NAS5-03132. We thank M.T. DeLand for rigorous analysis of the SBUV PMC data and for making the results available online at sbuv2.gsfc.nasa.gov/pmc/v4/. We thank Michael Stevens for assistance in using the NAVDAS results. SOFIE data are available online at sofie.gats-inc.com. MSU/AMSU temperatures are available online at www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/smcd/emb/mscat/. MIMAS data are available by contacting U. Berger (berger@iap-kborn.de). Solar Lyman-alpha observations were obtained from LISIRD online at lasp.colorado.edu/lisird/lya/. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 16 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 5 BP 2383 EP 2392 DI 10.1002/2015JD024439 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DI6HB UT WOS:000373598700021 ER PT J AU Fleyer, M Heerschap, S Cranch, GA Horowitz, M AF Fleyer, Michael Heerschap, Seth Cranch, Geoffrey A. Horowitz, Moshe TI Noise induced in optical fibers by double Rayleigh scattering of a laser with a 1/f(nu) frequency noise SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FIBEROPTIC INTERFEROMETRIC SENSORS; SINGLE-MODE FIBERS; PHASE NOISE; BACKSCATTERING; FLUCTUATIONS; SYSTEMS; LINKS AB We study, theoretically and experimentally, intensity noise induced by double Rayleigh scattering in long optical fibers. The results of the theoretical model are compared to experimental results performed with a high-coherencelength laser with a frequency noise spectrum that is dominated by 1/f(nu) noise. Excellent quantitative agreement between theoretical and experimental RF spectra were obtained for frequencies as low as 10 Hz and for fiber lengths between 4 and 45 km. Strong low-frequency intensity noise that is induced by 1/f(nu) frequency noise of the laser may limit the performance of interferometric fiber optic sensors that require high-coherence-length lasers. The intensity noise due to double Rayleigh backscattering can be suppressed by reducing the coherence length of the laser. Therefore, the intensity noise has a complex and nonmonotonic dependence on the 1/f(nu) frequency noise amplitude of the laser. Stimulated Brillouin scattering will add a significant noise for input powers greater than about 7 mW for a 30 km length fiber. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Fleyer, Michael; Horowitz, Moshe] Technion Israel Inst Technol, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Heerschap, Seth] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 211 Phys Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Cranch, Geoffrey A.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fleyer, M (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. EM mikef@tx.technion.ac.il NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 13 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAR 15 PY 2016 VL 41 IS 6 BP 1265 EP 1268 DI 10.1364/OL.41.001265 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA DH8KS UT WOS:000373042600049 PM 26977685 ER PT J AU Nelson, W Palastro, JP Wu, C Davis, CC AF Nelson, W. Palastro, J. P. Wu, C. Davis, C. C. TI Using an incoherent target return to adaptively focus through atmospheric turbulence SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ENHANCED OPTICAL COMMUNICATION; PROPAGATION; RECIPROCITY; BEAMS; OPTIMIZATION AB A laser beam propagating to a remote target through atmospheric turbulence acquires intensity fluctuations. If the target is cooperative and provides a coherent return beam, the phase measured near the beam transmitter and adaptive optics, in principle, can correct these fluctuations. Generally, however, the target is uncooperative. In this case, we show that an incoherent return from the target can be used instead. Using the principle of reciprocity, we derive a novel relation between the field at the target and the returned field at a detector. We simulate an adaptive optics system that utilizes this relation to focus a beam through atmospheric turbulence onto a rough surface. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Nelson, W.; Wu, C.; Davis, C. C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Palastro, J. P.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Nelson, W (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM wnelson2@umd.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N000141211029] FX Office of Naval Research (ONR) (N000141211029). NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAR 15 PY 2016 VL 41 IS 6 BP 1301 EP 1304 DI 10.1364/OL.41.001301 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA DH8KS UT WOS:000373042600058 PM 26977694 ER PT J AU Lebedev, N Griva, I Dressick, WJ Phelps, J Johnson, JE Meshcheriakova, Y Lomonossoff, GP Soto, CM AF Lebedev, Nikolai Griva, Igor Dressick, Walter J. Phelps, Jamie Johnson, John E. Meshcheriakova, Yulia Lomonossoff, George P. Soto, Carissa M. TI A virus-based nanoplasmonic structure as a surface-enhanced Raman biosensor SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Virus-like particles; Cowpea mosaic virus; Raman; SERS; Gold nanoparticles; Self-assembly ID COWPEA MOSAIC-VIRUS; PLASMONIC NANOCLUSTERS; SPECTROSCOPY; NANOPARTICLES; METAL; SCATTERING; PROTEIN; MOLECULE; SCAFFOLD; CLUSTERS AB Fabrication of nanoscale structures with localized surface plasmons allows for substantial increase in sensitivity of chem/bio sensors. The main challenge for realizing complex nanoplasmonic structures in solution is the high level of precision required at the nanoscale to position metal nanoparticles in 3D. In this study, we report a virus-like particle (VLP) for building a 3D plasmonic nanostructure in solution in which gold nanoparticles are precisely positioned on the VLP by directed self-assembly techniques. These structures allow for concentration of electromagnetic fields in the desired locations between the gold nanoparticles or "hot spots". We measure the efficiency of the optical field spatial concentration for the first time, which results in a ten-fold enhancement of the capsid Raman peaks. Our experimental results agree with our 3D finite element simulations. Furthermore, we demonstrate as a proof-of-principle that the plasmonic nanostructures can be utilized in DNA detection down to 0.25 ng/mu l (lowest concentration tested), while the protein peaks from the interior of the nanoplasmonic structures, potentially, can serve as an internal tracer for the biosensors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lebedev, Nikolai; Dressick, Walter J.; Meshcheriakova, Yulia; Lomonossoff, George P.; Soto, Carissa M.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Griva, Igor; Meshcheriakova, Yulia; Lomonossoff, George P.] George Mason Univ, Dept Math Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Griva, Igor; Meshcheriakova, Yulia; Lomonossoff, George P.] George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Phelps, Jamie; Johnson, John E.; Meshcheriakova, Yulia; Lomonossoff, George P.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Lebedev, Nikolai; Griva, Igor; Dressick, Walter J.; Phelps, Jamie; Johnson, John E.; Meshcheriakova, Yulia; Lomonossoff, George P.; Soto, Carissa M.] John Innes Ctr Plant Sci Res, Dept Biol Chem, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. RP Soto, CM (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM carissa.soto@nrl.navy.mil FU US Office of Naval Research; UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) [BB/I002294/1, BB/J004561/1]; John Innes Foundation FX CMS thanks V. Reddy and A.S. Blum for scientific discussions and J. Fontana for TEM images. CMS acknowledges financial support from the US Office of Naval Research. This work was also supported by grants BB/I002294/1 and BB/J004561/1 from the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) and the John Innes Foundation (YM and GPL). NR 59 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 36 U2 169 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-5663 EI 1873-4235 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PD MAR 15 PY 2016 VL 77 BP 306 EP 314 DI 10.1016/j.bios.2015.09.032 PG 9 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CZ0AG UT WOS:000366766900045 PM 26432193 ER PT J AU Tsoi, S Bezares, FJ Giles, A Long, JP Glembocki, OJ Caldwell, JD Owrutsky, J AF Tsoi, Stanislav Bezares, Francisco J. Giles, Alexander Long, James P. Glembocki, Orest J. Caldwell, Joshua D. Owrutsky, Jeffrey TI Experimental demonstration of the optical lattice resonance in arrays of Si nanoresonators SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; SURFACE AB Optical resonances of crystalline Si nanopillar arrays on a Si substrate are studied using optical reflectivity and Raman spectroscopy. When the nanopillars are arranged in a two-dimensional lattice, a collective resonance is observed in the reflection spectra which is absent for randomly distributed nanopillars. The resonance is due to coherent oscillations in nanopillars, can be tuned spectrally by the nanopillar diameter and lattice period, and strongly suppresses reflection from the Si surface. Raman scattering demonstrates that the reduced reflectivity is accompanied by increased electromagnetic field confined in Si, thus suggesting potential application of the lattice resonance in surface enhanced spectroscopy and thin film solar cells. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Tsoi, Stanislav; Giles, Alexander; Long, James P.; Glembocki, Orest J.; Caldwell, Joshua D.; Owrutsky, Jeffrey] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bezares, Francisco J.] ICFO, Barcelona 08860, Spain. RP Tsoi, S (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Stanislav.tsoi@nrl.navy.mil RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Bezares, Francisco/0000-0001-5317-6868 FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Nanoscience Institute; ASEE-NRL Postdoctoral Fellowship Program; NRC-NRL Postdoctoral Fellowship Program FX Support for this work was provided by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Nanoscience Institute. Support for F.J.B. was provided through the ASEE-NRL Postdoctoral Fellowship Program and for A.G. through the NRC-NRL Postdoctoral Fellowship Program. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 14 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 11 AR 111101 DI 10.1063/1.4943785 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DH8PY UT WOS:000373058400001 ER PT J AU Petrov, GM Apruzese, JP Petrova, TB Wolford, MF AF Petrov, G. M. Apruzese, J. P. Petrova, Tz. B. Wolford, M. F. TI Investigation of industrial-scale carbon dioxide reduction using pulsed electron beams SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PUMPED KRF AMPLIFIER; CROSS-SECTIONS; SWARM PARAMETERS; FLUE-GAS; ENERGY DEPOSITION; OXYGEN MOLECULES; FUSION ENERGY; CO2; PLASMA; LASER AB Carbon dioxide is the most important greenhouse gas contributing to global warming. To help mitigate increasing CO2 concentrations, we investigate a method of carbon dioxide reduction using high-power electron beams, which can be used on an industrial scale. A series of experiments are conducted in which the reduction of CO2 is measured for different gas compositions and power deposition rates. An electron beam deposition model is applied to compute reduction rates of CO2 and energy cost for breaking a CO2 molecule in flue gas and pure carbon dioxide at atmospheric pressure. For flue gas consisting of 82% N-2, 6% O-2, and 12% CO2, the calculated energy cost is 85 eV per molecule. In order to dissociate 50% of the CO2 molecules, beam energy density deposition on the order of 20 J/cm(3) is required. Electron beam irradiation of 12.6 liter gas volume containing 90% CO2 and 10% CH4 at beam energy density deposition of 4.2 J/cm(3), accumulated over 43 shots in a 20 min interval, reduced the CO2 concentration to 78%. Analogous experiments with a gas mixture containing 11.5% CO2, 11.5% CH4, and balance of Ar, reduced the CO2 concentration to below 11% with energy deposition 0.71 J/cm(3), accumulated over 10 shots in a 5 min interval. The experimental data and the theoretical predictions of CO2 reduction using pulsed electron beams are in agreement within the experimental error. Other techniques to enhance the removal of CO2 with pulsed electron beams are also explored, yielding new possible avenues of research. C1 [Petrov, G. M.; Apruzese, J. P.; Petrova, Tz. B.; Wolford, M. F.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Apruzese, J. P.] Engility Corp, Naval Res Lab, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. RP Petrov, GM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Wolford, Matthew/0000-0002-8624-1336 FU Zerronox Corporation (Zerronox) through a CRADA; Naval Research Laboratory 6.1 Base Program FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of and discussions with the following individuals: from NRL, M. Myers, F. Hegeler, J. Sethian (retired), H. D. Ladouceur, and B. T. Fisher. The authors would like to acknowledge technical support from J. Dubinger and L. A. Mangassarian from NRL. This work was supported by Zerronox Corporation (Zerronox) through a CRADA, as well as the Naval Research Laboratory 6.1 Base Program. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 14 PY 2016 VL 119 IS 10 AR 103303 DI 10.1063/1.4943620 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DH7MA UT WOS:000372976900009 ER PT J AU Gade, A Tostevin, JA Bader, V Baugher, T Bazin, D Berryman, JS Brown, BA Hartley, DJ Lunderberg, E Recchia, F Stroberg, SR Utsuno, Y Weisshaar, D Wimmer, K AF Gade, A. Tostevin, J. A. Bader, V. Baugher, T. Bazin, D. Berryman, J. S. Brown, B. A. Hartley, D. J. Lunderberg, E. Recchia, F. Stroberg, S. R. Utsuno, Y. Weisshaar, D. Wimmer, K. TI One-neutron pickup into Ca-49: Bound neutron g(9/2) spectroscopic strength at N=29 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID BEAM; C-12; NUCLEI; ARRAY AB The highly selective, intermediate-energy heavy-ion-induced neutron-pickup reaction, in combination with gamma-ray spectroscopy using the gamma-ray energy-tracking in-beam nuclear array (GRETINA), is shown to provide reliable relative spectroscopic strengths for high-l orbitals in nuclei more neutron rich than the projectile. The reaction mechanism gives a significant final-state-spin alignment that is validated through gamma-ray angular-distribution measurements enabled by the position sensitivity of GRETINA. This is the first time that gamma-ray angular distributions could be extracted from a high-luminosity, fast-beam reaction other than inelastic scattering. This holds great promise for the restriction and assignment of J(pi) quantum numbers in exotic nuclei. We advance this approach to study the crucial N = 28 shell closure and extract the ratio g(9/2) : f(5/2) of bound neutron single-particle strengths in Ca-49, a benchmark for emerging multi-shell ab initio and configuration-interaction theories that are applicable along the Ca isotopic chain. C1 [Gade, A.; Bader, V.; Baugher, T.; Bazin, D.; Berryman, J. S.; Brown, B. A.; Lunderberg, E.; Recchia, F.; Stroberg, S. R.; Weisshaar, D.; Wimmer, K.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Gade, A.; Bader, V.; Baugher, T.; Brown, B. A.; Lunderberg, E.; Stroberg, S. R.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Tostevin, J. A.] Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. [Hartley, D. J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Utsuno, Y.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Adv Sci Res Ctr, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. [Utsuno, Y.] Univ Tokyo, Ctr Nucl Study, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Wimmer, K.] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. [Wimmer, K.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. RP Gade, A (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.; Gade, A (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Gade, Alexandra/A-6850-2008 OI Gade, Alexandra/0000-0001-8825-0976 FU DOE, Office of Science; NSF [PHY-1102511, PHY-1404442, PHY-1203100]; DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK) [ST/J000051, ST/L005743]; JSPS KAKENHI (Japan) [15K05094] FX GRETINA was funded by the DOE, Office of Science. Operation of the array at NSCL was supported by NSF under Cooperative Agreement PHY-1102511 (NSCL) and DOE under Grant No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (LBNL). We further acknowledge support from NSF Grant No. PHY-1404442 (NSCL). D.H. acknowledges funding from NSF Grant No. PHY-1203100. J.A.T. acknowledges support of the Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK) Grants No. ST/J000051 and No. ST/L005743. Y.U. acknowledges support from JSPS KAKENHI (Japan), Grant No. 15K05094. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR 14 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 3 AR 031601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.93.031601 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA DG9OU UT WOS:000372414200001 ER PT J AU Lee, CT Bulterys, M Martel, LD Dahl, BA AF Lee, Christopher T. Bulterys, Marc Martel, Lise D. Dahl, Benjamin A. TI Evaluation of a National Call Center and a Local Alerts System for Detection of New Cases of Ebola Virus Disease - Guinea, 2014-2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Lee, Christopher T.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lee, Christopher T.; Bulterys, Marc; Martel, Lise D.; Dahl, Benjamin A.] CDC Ebola Response Team, Conakry, Guinea. [Lee, Christopher T.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hygiene, Div Epidemiol, New York, NY USA. [Bulterys, Marc] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Bulterys, Marc; Dahl, Benjamin A.] CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Martel, Lise D.] CDC Guinea Off, Conakry, Guinea. RP Lee, CT (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM klq5@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAR 11 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 9 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DF9QR UT WOS:000371696600002 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Albert, A Atwood, WB Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Blandford, RD Blooms, ED Bonino, R Bottacini, E Bregeon, J Bruel, P Buehler, R Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caragiulo, M Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Desiante, R Digel, SW Di Venere, L Drell, PS Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Godfrey, G Green, D Grenier, IA Guiriec, S Hays, E Hewitt, JW Horan, D Johannesson, G Kuss, M Larsson, S Latronico, L Li, J Li, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Maldera, S Manfreda, A Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Orienti, M Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Pesce-Rollins, M Petrosian, V Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Sanchez-Conde, M Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spada, F Spandre, G Spinelli, P Tajima, H Takahashi, H Thayer, JB Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Vianello, G Wood, KS Zimmer, S Rephaeli, Y AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Albert, A. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Blandford, R. D. Blooms, E. D. Bonino, R. Bottacini, E. Bregeon, J. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caragiulo, M. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Desiante, R. Digel, S. W. Di Venere, L. Drell, P. S. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Godfrey, G. Green, D. Grenier, I. A. Guiriec, S. Hays, E. Hewitt, J. W. Horan, D. Johannesson, G. Kuss, M. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Li, J. Li, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Maldera, S. Manfreda, A. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Pesce-Rollins, M. Petrosian, V. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Sanchez-Conde, M. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spada, F. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Thayer, J. B. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Vianello, G. Wood, K. S. Zimmer, S. Rephaeli, Y. CA Fermi-LAT Collaboration TI SEARCH FOR GAMMA-RAY EMISSION FROM THE COMA CLUSTER WITH SIX YEARS OF FERMI-LAT DATA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual (Coma); gamma rays: galaxies: clusters ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; DIFFUSE RADIO-EMISSION; GALAXY CLUSTERS; NONTHERMAL EMISSION; UPPER LIMITS; CONSTRAINTS; ACCELERATION; ENERGIES; CATALOG; HALOES AB We present results from gamma-ray observations of the Coma cluster incorporating six years of Fermi-LAT data and the newly released "Pass 8" event-level analysis. Our analysis of the region reveals low-significance residual structures within the virial radius of the cluster that are too faint for a detailed investigation with the current data. Using a likelihood approach that is free of assumptions on the spectral shape we derive upper limits on the gamma-ray flux that is expected from energetic particle interactions in the cluster. We also consider a benchmark spatial and spectral template motivated by models in which the observed radio halo is mostly emission by secondary electrons. In this case, the median expected and observed upper limits for the flux above 100MeV are 1.7 x 10(-9) ph cm(-2) s(-1) and 5.2 x 10(-9) ph cm(-2) s(-1) respectively (the latter corresponds to residual emission at the level of 1.8 sigma). These bounds are comparable to or higher than predicted levels of hadronic gamma-ray emission in cosmic-ray (CR) models with or without reacceleration of secondary electrons, although direct comparisons are sensitive to assumptions regarding the origin and propagation mode of CRs and magnetic field properties. The minimal expected.-ray flux from radio and star-forming galaxies within the Coma cluster is roughly an order of magnitude below the median sensitivity of our analysis. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Atwood, W. B.; Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Albert, A.; Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Blooms, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Digel, S. W.; Drell, P. S.; Godfrey, G.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Albert, A.; Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Blooms, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Digel, S. W.; Drell, P. S.; Godfrey, G.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CNRS, Lab AIM,CEA,IRFU,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Chiaro, G.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bechtol, K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bechtol, K.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bellazzini, R.; Kuss, M.; Manfreda, A.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spada, F.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Caragiulo, M.; de Palma, F.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Desiante, R.; Latronico, L.; Maldera, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bonino, R.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Universe & Particules Montpellier, F-34059 Montpellier, France. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Chekhtman, A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Conrad, J.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Li, L.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Zimmer, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cutini, S.] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Rome, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Funk, S.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Green, D.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Green, D.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Green, D.; Guiriec, S.; Hays, E.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Hewitt, J. W.] Univ N Florida, Dept Phys, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, Inst Space Sci IEEC, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mitthumsiri, W.] Mahidol Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Murgia, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Cosmol, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Tajima, H.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Tibaldo, L.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Rephaeli, Y.] Tel Aviv Univ, POB 39040, IL-6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Rephaeli, Y.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Conrad, J (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.; Zimmer, S (reprint author), AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.; Reimer, O (reprint author), Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.; Rephaeli, Y (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, POB 39040, IL-6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel.; Rephaeli, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM conrad@fysik.su.se; olr@slac.stanford.edu; zimmer@fysik.su.se; yrephaeli@ucsd.edu RI Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; OI Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Zimmer, Stephan/0000-0002-5735-0082; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Mazziotta, Mario Nicola/0000-0001-9325-4672 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX This research made use of APLpy.67 We acknowledge the use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the use of HEALPix http://healpix.jpl.nasa.gov/ (Gorski et al. 2005). NR 56 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2016 VL 819 IS 2 AR 149 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/819/2/149 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DG8AV UT WOS:000372305700061 ER PT J AU Ajello, M Baldini, L Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Bloom, ED Bonino, R Bottacini, E Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Bruel, P Buehler, R Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caragiulo, M Cavazzuti, E Charles, E Chekhtman, A Ciprini, S Cohen-Tanugi, J Condon, B Costanza, F Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Palma, F Desiante, R Di Lalla, N Di Mauro, M Di Venere, L Drell, PS Dubner, G Dumora, D Duvidovich, L Favuzzi, C Focke, WB Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Giacani, E Giglietto, N Glanzman, T Green, DA Grenier, IA Guiriec, S Hays, E Hewitt, JW Hill, AB Horan, D Jogler, T Johannesson, G Jung-Richardt, I Kensei, S Kuss, M Larsson, S Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Li, J Li, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Magill, J Maldera, S Manfreda, A Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Negro, M Nuss, E Orienti, M Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Schmid, J Schulz, A Sgro, C Simone, D Siskind, EJ Spada, F Spandre, G Spinelli, P Thayer, JB Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Vianello, G Vink, J Wood, KS Yassine, M AF Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Bloom, E. D. Bonino, R. Bottacini, E. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caragiulo, M. Cavazzuti, E. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Ciprini, S. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Condon, B. Costanza, F. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Palma, F. Desiante, R. Di Lalla, N. Di Mauro, M. Di Venere, L. Drell, P. S. Dubner, G. Dumora, D. Duvidovich, L. Favuzzi, C. Focke, W. B. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Giacani, E. Giglietto, N. Glanzman, T. Green, D. A. Grenier, I. A. Guiriec, S. Hays, E. Hewitt, J. W. Hill, A. B. Horan, D. Jogler, T. Johannesson, G. Jung-Richardt, I. Kensei, S. Kuss, M. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Li, J. Li, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Magill, J. Maldera, S. Manfreda, A. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Negro, M. Nuss, E. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Schmid, J. Schulz, A. Sgro, C. Simone, D. Siskind, E. J. Spada, F. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Thayer, J. B. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Vianello, G. Vink, J. Wood, K. S. Yassine, M. TI DEEP MORPHOLOGICAL AND SPECTRAL STUDY OF THE SNR RCW 86 WITH FERMI-LAT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; cosmic rays; ISM: individual objects (RCW 86) ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; RAY SYNCHROTRON EMISSION; SUPERNOVA REMNANT; X-RAY; COSMIC-RAYS; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; SUZAKU OBSERVATION; GALACTIC PLANE; SOURCE CATALOG; SHOCK FRONTS AB RCW 86 is a young supernova remnant (SNR) showing a shell-type structure at several wavelengths and is thought to be an efficient cosmic-ray (CR) accelerator. Earlier Fermi Large Area Telescope results reported the detection of.-ray emission coincident with the position of RCW 86 but its origin (leptonic or hadronic) remained unclear due to the poor statistics. Thanks to 6.5 years of data acquired by the Fermi-LAT and the new event reconstruction Pass 8, we report the significant detection of spatially extended emission coming from RCW 86. The spectrum is described by a power-law function with a very hard photon index (Gamma= 1.42 +/- 0.1(stat) +/- 0.06(syst)) in the 0.1-500 GeV range and an energy flux above 100 MeV of (2.91. 0.8(stat). 0.12(syst)) 10-11 erg cm(-2) s(-1). Gathering all the available multiwavelength (MWL) data, we perform a broadband modeling of the nonthermal emission of RCW 86 to constrain parameters of the nearby medium and bring new hints about the origin of the gamma-ray emission. For the whole SNR, the modeling favors a leptonic scenario in the framework of a two-zone model with an average magnetic field of 10.2 +/- 0.7 mu G and a limit on the maximum energy injected into protons of 2. x. 10(49) erg for a density of 1 cm(-3). In addition, parameter values are derived for the north-east and south-west (SW) regions of RCW 86, providing the first indication of a higher magnetic field in the SW region. C1 [Ajello, M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Di Mauro, M.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Di Mauro, M.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bellazzini, R.; Di Lalla, N.; Kuss, M.; Manfreda, A.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spada, F.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Caragiulo, M.; Costanza, F.; de Palma, F.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Simone, D.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Desiante, R.; Latronico, L.; Maldera, S.; Negro, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Negro, M.] Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Guiriec, S.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Perkins, J. S.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Yassine, M.] Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, F-34059 Montpellier, France. [Bruel, P.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.; Schulz, A.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Caliandro, G. A.] Consorzio Interuniv Fis Spaziale CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Chekhtman, A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Condon, B.; Dumora, D.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Reposeur, T.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Cutini, S.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.; Orienti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dubner, G.; Duvidovich, L.; Giacani, E.] Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, Parbellon IAFE, Cdad Univ, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Green, D. A.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Grenier, I. A.; Schmid, J.] Univ Paris Diderot, Serv Astrophys, CEA Saclay, Lab AIM,CEA,IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Hewitt, J. W.] Univ N Florida, Dept Phys, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Hill, A. B.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Jung-Richardt, I.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Schlosspl 4, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany. [Kensei, S.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Space Sci IEEC CSIC, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Magill, J.; McEnery, J. E.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Magill, J.; McEnery, J. E.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mitthumsiri, W.] Mahidol Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Tibaldo, L.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Uchiyama, Y.] Dept Phys, Toshima Ku, 3-34-1 Nishi Ikebukuro, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. [Vink, J.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Caragiulo, M (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.; Caragiulo, M (reprint author), Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.; Caragiulo, M (reprint author), Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.; Condon, B; Lemoine-Goumard, M (reprint author), Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan, France. EM micaela.caragiulo@ba.infn.it; condon@cenbg.in2p3.fr; lemoine@cenbg.in2p3.fr RI Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Green, David/E-9609-2010; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; OI DI MAURO, MATTIA/0000-0003-2759-5625; Mazziotta, Mario Nicola/0000-0001-9325-4672; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; Green, David/0000-0003-3189-9998; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Hill, Adam/0000-0003-3470-4834 FU CONICET; ANPCyT (Argentina) FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the KA. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. GD and EG are members of CIC-CONICET (Argentina), LD is Fellow of CONICET (Argentina). They are supported through grants from CONICET and ANPCyT (Argentina). We acknowledge to Estela Reynoso and Anne Green who collaborated in the first stages of the HI data acquisition and preocessing. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2016 VL 819 IS 2 AR 98 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/819/2/98 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DG8AV UT WOS:000372305700010 ER PT J AU Beresnyak, A Li, H AF Beresnyak, Andrey Li, Hui TI FIRST-ORDER PARTICLE ACCELERATION IN MAGNETICALLY DRIVEN FLOWS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) ID GAMMA-RAY FLARES; RELATIVISTIC RECONNECTION; ELECTRON ACCELERATION; NONTHERMAL PARTICLES; CRAB-NEBULA; TURBULENCE AB We demonstrate that particles are regularly accelerated while experiencing curvature drift in flows driven by magnetic tension. Some examples of such flows include spontaneous turbulent reconnection and decaying magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, where a magnetic field relaxes to a lower-energy configuration and transfers part of its energy to kinetic motions of the fluid. We show that this energy transfer, which normally causes turbulent cascade and heating of the fluid, also results in a first-order acceleration of non-thermal particles. Since it is generic, this acceleration mechanism is likely to play a role in the production of non-thermal particle distribution in magnetically dominant environments such as the solar chromosphere, pulsar magnetospheres, jets from supermassive black holes, and gamma-ray bursts. C1 [Beresnyak, Andrey] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Li, Hui] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Beresnyak, A (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU LANL/LDRD program; DoE/Office of Fusion Energy Sciences through CMSO; XSEDE [TG-AST110057] FX We are grateful to Fan Guo for sharing his results during a preliminary stage. The work is supported by the LANL/LDRD program and the DoE/Office of Fusion Energy Sciences through CMSO. Computing resources at LANL were provided through the Institutional Computing Program. We also acknowledge support from XSEDE computational grant TG-AST110057. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2016 VL 819 IS 2 AR 90 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/819/2/90 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DG8AV UT WOS:000372305700002 ER PT J AU Ogrean, GA van Weeren, RJ Jones, C Forman, W Dawson, WA Golovich, N Andrade-Santos, F Murray, SS Nulsen, P Roediger, E Zitrin, A Bulbul, E Kraft, R Goulding, A Umetsu, K Mroczkowski, T Bonafede, A Randall, S Sayers, J Churazov, E David, L Merten, J Donahue, M Mason, B Rosati, P Vikhlinin, A Ebeling, H AF Ogrean, G. A. van Weeren, R. J. Jones, C. Forman, W. Dawson, W. A. Golovich, N. Andrade-Santos, F. Murray, S. S. Nulsen, P. Roediger, E. Zitrin, A. Bulbul, E. Kraft, R. Goulding, A. Umetsu, K. Mroczkowski, T. Bonafede, A. Randall, S. Sayers, J. Churazov, E. David, L. Merten, J. Donahue, M. Mason, B. Rosati, P. Vikhlinin, A. Ebeling, H. TI FRONTIER FIELDS CLUSTERS: DEEP CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS OF THE COMPLEX MERGER MACS J1149.6+2223 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: individual (MACS J1149.6+2223); galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium ID MASSIVE GALAXY CLUSTERS; X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; COLD FRONTS; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; TRANSPORT PROCESSES; RADIO-EMISSION; ATOMIC DATA; ABELL 2146; IMAGES; SAMPLE AB The Hubble Space Telescope Frontier Fields cluster MACS. J1149.6+2223 is one of the most complex merging clusters, believed to consist of four dark matter halos. We present results from deep (365 ks) Chandra observations of the cluster, which reveal the most distant cold front (z = 0.544) discovered to date. In the cluster outskirts, we also detect hints of a surface brightness edge that could be the bow shock preceding the cold front. The substructure analysis of the cluster identified several components with large relative radial velocities, thus indicating that at least some collisions occur almost along the line of sight. The inclination of the mergers with respect to the plane of the sky poses significant observational challenges at X-ray wavelengths. MACS. J1149.6+2223 possibly hosts a steep-spectrum radio halo. If the steepness of the radio halo is confirmed, then the radio spectrum, combined with the relatively regular ICM morphology, could indicate that MACS. J1149.6+2223 is an old merging cluster. C1 [Ogrean, G. A.; van Weeren, R. J.; Jones, C.; Forman, W.; Andrade-Santos, F.; Murray, S. S.; Nulsen, P.; Bulbul, E.; Kraft, R.; Randall, S.; David, L.; Vikhlinin, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dawson, W. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Golovich, N.] Univ Calif Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Murray, S. S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Nulsen, P.] Univ Western Australia, ICRAR, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Roediger, E.] Dublin Inst Adv Studies, Astron & Astrophys Sect, 31 Fitzwilliam Pl, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Roediger, E.] Univ Hull, Dept Math & Phys, EA Milne Ctr Astrophys, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England. [Zitrin, A.; Sayers, J.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, MC 249-17, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Goulding, A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Umetsu, K.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Mroczkowski, T.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bonafede, A.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Churazov, E.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Churazov, E.] Space Res Inst, Profsoyuznaya 84-32, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Merten, J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Donahue, M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Mason, B.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Rosati, P.] Univ Ferrara, Dept Phys & Earth Sci, Via G Saragat 1, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy. [Ebeling, H.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Ogrean, GA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM gogrean@cfa.harvard.edu RI Churazov, Eugene/A-7783-2013; OI Mroczkowski, Tony/0000-0003-3816-5372; Umetsu, Keiichi/0000-0002-7196-4822; Nulsen, Paul/0000-0003-0297-4493; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660 FU NASA - Space Telescope Science Institute under NASA [HST-HF2-51345.001-A, NAS5-26555, HST-HF2-51334.001-A]; NASA - Chandra X-ray Center [NAS8-03060, PF2-130104]; Clay Fellowship - Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); Chandra grant [G03-14131X]; U.S. DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX G.A.O. acknowledges support by NASA through a Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51345.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. R.J.v.W. was supported by NASA through the Einstein Postdoctoral grant number PF2-130104 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA, under contract NAS8-03060. R.J.v.W. is supported by a Clay Fellowship awarded by the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. A.Z. acknowledges support by NASA through a Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51334.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. This research was performed while T.M. held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). F.A.S. acknowledges support from Chandra grant G03-14131X. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2016 VL 819 IS 2 AR 113 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/819/2/113 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DG8AV UT WOS:000372305700025 ER PT J AU Le, T Wood, KS Wolff, MT Becker, PA Putney, J AF Truong Le Wood, Kent S. Wolff, Michael T. Becker, Peter A. Putney, Joy TI STANDING SHOCK INSTABILITY IN ADVECTION-DOMINATED ACCRETION FLOWS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; hydrodynamics ID QUASI-PERIODIC OSCILLATIONS; BLACK-HOLE ACCRETION; RADIATION-HYDRODYNAMIC CALCULATION; NON-AXISYMMETRICAL INSTABILITIES; SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; X-RAY BINARIES; RELATIVISTIC OUTFLOWS; THERMAL-INSTABILITY; RXTE OBSERVATIONS; LINEAR-ANALYSIS AB Depending on the values of the energy and angular momentum per unit mass in the gas supplied at large radii, inviscid advection-dominated accretion flows can display velocity profiles with either preshock deceleration or preshock acceleration. Nakayama has shown that these two types of flow configurations are expected to have different stability properties. By employing the Chevalier & Imamura linearization method and the Nakayama instability boundary conditions, we discover that there are regions of parameter. space where disks/shocks with outflows can be stable or unstable. In regions of instability, we find that preshock deceleration is always unstable to the zeroth mode with zero frequency of oscillation, but is always stable to the fundamental mode and overtones. Furthermore, we also find that preshock acceleration is always unstable to the zeroth mode. and that the fundamental mode and overtones become increasingly less stable as the shock location moves away from the horizon when the disk half-height expands above similar to 12 gravitational radii at the shock radius. In regions of stability, we demonstrate the zeroth mode to be stable for the velocity profiles that exhibit preshock acceleration and deceleration. Moreover, for models that are linearly unstable, our model suggests the possible existence of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) with ratios 2:3 and 3:5. These ratios are believed to occur in stellar and supermassive black hole candidates, for example, in GRS 1915+ 105 and Sgr A*, respectively. We expect that similar QPO ratios also exist in regions of stable shocks. C1 [Truong Le] Berry Coll, Dept Phys Astron & Geol, Mt Berry, GA 30149 USA. [Wood, Kent S.; Wolff, Michael T.] Naval Res Lab, High Energy Space Environm Branch, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Becker, Peter A.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Putney, Joy] Washington & Lee Univ, Dept Phys & Engn, Lexington, VA 24450 USA. RP Le, T (reprint author), Berry Coll, Dept Phys Astron & Geol, Mt Berry, GA 30149 USA. EM tle@berry.edu FU Chief of Naval Research FX T.L. wishes to acknowledge Lev Titarchuk, Charles D. Dermer, and Martin Laming for discussions. The authors also wish to acknowledge the anonymous referee for several comments and insightful suggestions that significantly improved the paper. Much of this work was completed while T.L. was a National Research Council research associate at the Naval Research Laboratory. K.S.W. and M.T.W. are supported by the Chief of Naval Research. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2016 VL 819 IS 2 AR 112 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/819/2/112 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DG8AV UT WOS:000372305700024 ER PT J AU Olson, MA Legler, PM Goldman, ER AF Olson, Mark A. Legler, Patricia M. Goldman, Ellen R. TI Comparison of Replica Exchange Simulations of a Kinetically Trapped Protein Conformational State and its Native Form SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID GUIDED LANGEVIN DYNAMICS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; STRUCTURE REFINEMENT; AGGREGATION; ENERGETICS; STABILITY; SYSTEMS; MODELS AB Recently an X-ray crystallographic structure of a single-domain antibody was reported with the protein chain trapped in a rare homodimeric form. One of the conformers appears to exhibit a misfolded region, and thus presumably the configurational stability is less favorable. To investigate whether simulation methods can detect any difference between the conformers and buttress the notion that one conformation is trapped on a pathway that incurs lower activation energy to unfold, adaptive temperature-based replica exchange simulations were applied to each chain to model conformational transitions. Simulation results found that the observed crystallographic difference between the two chains in the complementarity determining region CDR2 induces a stark distinction in conformational populations on the energy landscape. An appraisal of the energetic difference between the CDR2 conformations at 300 K revealed a localized order-disorder free-energy transition of roughly equivalent to two peptide hydrogen bonds in solution. It was also found that interconversion between the conformers is slower than the rate to unfold and that near an unfolding transition temperature one conformer retained a greater fraction of native-like contacts and energy over a longer time span before fully populating the denatured state, thus verifying the coexistence of a metastable conformation in the crystallographic assembly. C1 [Olson, Mark A.] USAMRIID, Mol & Translat Sci Div, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Legler, Patricia M.; Goldman, Ellen R.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Olson, MA (reprint author), USAMRIID, Mol & Translat Sci Div, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM molson@compbiophys.org FU Department of Defense Threat Reduction Agency [CBCALL12-LS6-2-0036] FX Funding support for this work came from the Department of Defense Threat Reduction Agency project CBCALL12-LS6-2-0036 (ERG). The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the US Army, US Navy or of the US Department of Defense. This article has been approved for public release with unlimited distribution. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 10 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 9 BP 2234 EP 2240 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b00233 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA DG4KV UT WOS:000372042000018 PM 26886055 ER PT J AU Spitler, LG Scholz, P Hessels, JWT Bogdanov, S Brazier, A Camilo, F Chatterjee, S Cordes, JM Crawford, F Deneva, J Ferdman, RD Freire, PCC Kaspi, VM Lazarus, P Lynch, R Madsen, EC McLaughlin, MA Patel, C Ransom, SM Seymour, A Stairs, IH Stappers, BW van Leeuwen, J Zhu, WW AF Spitler, L. G. Scholz, P. Hessels, J. W. T. Bogdanov, S. Brazier, A. Camilo, F. Chatterjee, S. Cordes, J. M. Crawford, F. Deneva, J. Ferdman, R. D. Freire, P. C. C. Kaspi, V. M. Lazarus, P. Lynch, R. Madsen, E. C. McLaughlin, M. A. Patel, C. Ransom, S. M. Seymour, A. Stairs, I. H. Stappers, B. W. van Leeuwen, J. Zhu, W. W. TI A repeating fast radio burst SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-STARS; CRAB PULSAR; FOLLOW-UP; DISCOVERY; ORIGIN; SIGNATURES; EMISSION; MAGNETAR; PLASMA; ALPHA AB Fast radio bursts are millisecond-duration astronomical radio pulses of unknown physical origin that appear to come from extragalactic distances(1-8). Previous follow-up observations have failed to find additional bursts at the same dispersion measure (that is, the integrated column density of free electrons between source and telescope) and sky position as the original detections(9). The apparent non-repeating nature of these bursts has led to the suggestion that they originate in cataclysmic events(10). Here we report observations of ten additional bursts from the direction of the fast radio burst FRB 121102. These bursts have dispersion measures and sky positions consistent with the original burst(4). This unambiguously identifies FRB 121102 as repeating and demonstrates that its source survives the energetic events that cause the bursts. Additionally, the bursts from FRB 121102 show a wide range of spectral shapes that appear to be predominantly intrinsic to the source and which vary on timescales of minutes or less. Although there may be multiple physical origins for the population of fast radio bursts, these repeat bursts with high dispersion measure and variable spectra specifically seen from the direction of FRB 121102 support an origin in a young, highly magnetized, extragalactic neutron star(11,12). C1 [Spitler, L. G.; Freire, P. C. C.; Lazarus, P.; Zhu, W. W.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Scholz, P.; Ferdman, R. D.; Kaspi, V. M.; Madsen, E. C.; Patel, C.; Stairs, I. H.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Scholz, P.; Ferdman, R. D.; Kaspi, V. M.; Madsen, E. C.; Patel, C.; Stairs, I. H.] McGill Univ, McGill Space Inst, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Hessels, J. W. T.; van Leeuwen, J.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, Postbus 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Hessels, J. W. T.; van Leeuwen, J.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bogdanov, S.; Camilo, F.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Brazier, A.; Chatterjee, S.; Cordes, J. M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Brazier, A.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Ctr Adv Comp, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Camilo, F.] Square Kilometre Array South Africa, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. [Crawford, F.] Franklin & Marshall Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Lancaster, PA 17604 USA. [Deneva, J.] Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lynch, R.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, POB 2, Green Bank, WV 24944 USA. [Lynch, R.; McLaughlin, M. A.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Ransom, S. M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Seymour, A.] Arecibo Observ, HC3 Box 53995, Arecibo, PR 00612 USA. [Stairs, I. H.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, 6224 Agr Rd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Stappers, B. W.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Hessels, JWT (reprint author), Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, Postbus 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands.; Hessels, JWT (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM j.w.t.hessels@uva.nl FU National Science Foundation [AST-1100968]; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union; ERC Starting Grant BEACON [279702]; ERC Starting Grant DRAGNET [337062]; NSF [AST-1104617, AST-1008213]; NSERC; FQRNT via the Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Quebec; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; ERC Consolidator Grant [617199]; NSERC Discovery Grant FX We thank the staff of the Arecibo Observatory, and in particular A. Venkataraman, H. Hernandez, P. Perillat and J. Schmelz, for their continued support and dedication to enabling observations like those presented here. We also thank our commensal observing partners from the Arecibo 'Zone of Avoidance' team, in particular T. McIntyre and T. Henning. We thank M. Kramer for suggestions. The Arecibo Observatory is operated by SRI International under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (AST-1100968), and in alliance with Ana G. Mendez-Universidad Metropolitana, and the Universities Space Research Association. These data were processed using the McGill University High Performance Computing Centre operated by Compute Canada and Calcul Quebec. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013). L. G. S., P. C. C. F. and P. L. gratefully acknowledge financial support from the ERC Starting Grant BEACON under contract number 279702. J. W. T. H. is an NWO Vidi Fellow and gratefully acknowledges funding for this work from ERC Starting Grant DRAGNET under contract number 337062. Work at Cornell (J. M. C., S. C., A. B.) was supported by NSF grants AST-1104617 and AST-1008213. V. M. K. holds the Lorne Trottier Chair in Astrophysics and Cosmology and a Canadian Research Chair in Observational Astrophysics and received additional support from NSERC via a Discovery Grant and Accelerator Supplement, by FQRNT via the Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Quebec, and by the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. J. v. L. acknowledges funding for this research from an ERC Consolidator Grant under contract number 617199. Pulsar research at UBC is supported by an NSERC Discovery Grant and by the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. NR 34 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 3 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 10 PY 2016 VL 531 IS 7593 BP 202 EP + DI 10.1038/nature17168 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DF9EZ UT WOS:000371665100034 PM 26934226 ER PT J AU Hoang, K Johannes, M AF Hoang, Khang Johannes, Michelle TI Defect Physics and Chemistry in Layered Mixed Transition Metal Oxide Cathode Materials: (Ni,Co,Mn) vs (Ni,Co,AI) SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; AB-INITIO; 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATIONS; ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURES; CATION DISORDER; BASIS-SET; CRYSTAL AB Although layered lithium transition-metal oxides with different compositions of (Ni,Co,Mn) [NCM] or (Ni,Co,Al) [NCA] have been used in commercial lithium-ion battery cathodes, their defect physics and chemistry is still not well understood, despite having important ramifications for cycling properties, particularly capacity fade. Herein we report a hybrid density functional study of the crystal and electronic structures of and intrinsic point defects in the compositions LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (NCM1/3) and LiNi1/3Co1/3Al1/3O2 (NCA(1/3)), which also serve as model compounds for NCM and NCA. We find that the transition metals can exist in different charge and spin states at different lattice sites. In NCM1/3, nickel/lithium antisite pairs, i.e., Ni-Li-Li-N, are estimated to be about 3% in samples prepared at 1000 degrees C. In NCA(1/3), in addition to nickel antisites Ni-Li, aluminum antisites Al-Li can also occur with a very high concentration. The Al-Li defect has a high energy except when it is located between two Al atoms at the transition-metal sites both above and below the lithium layer, i.e., when the concentration of Al is high enough that significant amounts exist in three successive layers. Our results thus provide a natural explanation for why the observed improvement in the electrochemical performance of NCA at low Al concentrations gives way to drastically decreased performance beyond about 10%. The effects of substituting Al for Mn on the lithium migration and overall voltage profile are also discussed. C1 [Hoang, Khang] N Dakota State Univ, Ctr Computat Assisted Sci & Technol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Johannes, Michelle] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hoang, K (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Ctr Computat Assisted Sci & Technol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM khang.hoang@ndsu.edu RI Hoang, Khang/C-2879-2008 OI Hoang, Khang/0000-0003-1889-0745 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0001717]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program FX We acknowledge the use of computing resources at the Center for Computationally Assisted Science and Technology (CCAST) at North Dakota State University and the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. K.H. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Grant No. DE-SC0001717. M.J. acknowledges funding for this project by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 41 U2 131 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD MAR 8 PY 2016 VL 28 IS 5 BP 1325 EP 1334 DI 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b04219 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA DG1UC UT WOS:000371852000012 ER PT J AU Szwaykowska, K Schwartz, IB Romero, LMYT Heckman, CR Mox, D Hsieh, MA AF Szwaykowska, Klementyna Schwartz, Ira B. Romero, Luis Mier-y-Teran Heckman, Christoffer R. Mox, Dan Hsieh, M. Ani TI Collective motion patterns of swarms with delay coupling: Theory and experiment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CHEMOTACTIC BACTERIA; DYNAMICS; MODEL; DRIVEN; TRANSITION; CELLS; FISH AB The formation of coherent patterns in swarms of interacting self-propelled autonomous agents is a subject of great interest in a wide range of application areas, ranging from engineering and physics to biology. In this paper, we model and experimentally realize a mixed-reality large-scale swarm of delay-coupled agents. The coupling term is modeled as a delayed communication relay of position. Our analyses, assuming agents communicating over an Erdos-Renyi network, demonstrate the existence of stable coherent patterns that can be achieved only with delay coupling and that are robust to decreasing network connectivity and heterogeneity in agent dynamics. We also show how the bifurcation structure for emergence of different patterns changes with heterogeneity in agent acceleration capabilities and limited connectivity in the network as a function of coupling strength and delay. Our results are verified through simulation as well as preliminary experimental results of delay-induced pattern formation in a mixed-reality swarm. C1 [Szwaykowska, Klementyna; Schwartz, Ira B.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Sect, Code 6792, Washington, DC USA. [Romero, Luis Mier-y-Teran] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Heckman, Christoffer R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Comp Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Mox, Dan; Hsieh, M. Ani] Drexel Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mech, Scalable Autonomous Syst Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Szwaykowska, K; Schwartz, IB (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Sect, Code 6792, Washington, DC USA. EM klementyna.szwaykowska.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; ira.schwartz@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N0001412WX20083]; NRL [N0001414WX00023]; ONR [N000141211019, N000141310731]; National Research Council; National Institutes of Health (USA) FX This research is funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) Contract No. N0001412WX20083 and NRL Base Funding Contract No. N0001414WX00023 as well as ONR Contracts No. N000141211019 and No. N000141310731. K.S. and C.R.H. acknowledge support as National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Fellows. L.M.R. acknowledges support from the National Institutes of Health (USA). NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR 7 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 3 AR 032307 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.93.032307 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA DG0GZ UT WOS:000371744600014 PM 27078366 ER PT J AU Ransom, P Larimore, Z Jensen, S Mirotznik, MS AF Ransom, P. Larimore, Z. Jensen, S. Mirotznik, M. S. TI Fabrication of wideband antireflective coatings using fused deposition modelling SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A method to fabricate continuously tapered antireflective (AR) coatings using fused deposition modelling (FDM) is presented. The method leverages FDM's ability to fabricate spatially varying 3D structures with variable polymer fill volumes, thus producing a spatially varying effective permittivity profile. The method is validated experimentally within the Ka-band. Experimental results closely match predictions, and AR treated samples demonstrate much less transmission loss than non-AR treated samples. C1 [Ransom, P.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD USA. [Larimore, Z.; Jensen, S.; Mirotznik, M. S.] Univ Delaware, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Newark, DE USA. RP Mirotznik, MS (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Newark, DE USA. EM mirotzni@undel.edu FU Office of Navy Research [331] FX The authors thank the Office of Navy Research 331 for supporting this work. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 7 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 EI 1350-911X J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD MAR 3 PY 2016 VL 52 IS 5 BP 352 EP 353 DI 10.1049/el.2015.3326 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DF7DA UT WOS:000371516700010 ER PT J AU Hutchinson, MN Thompson, KE Frigo, NJ AF Hutchinson, M. N. Thompson, K. E. Frigo, N. J. TI Suppression technique for discrete polarisation-dependent loss in a polarisation modulated link SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTONIC LINKS; SYSTEMS AB A link employing a polarisation modulator aligned for intensity modulation applications is presented in which a discrete source of polarisation-dependent loss (PDL) is mitigated by intentionally altering the bias phase point of the link. The experimental data is verified by an earlier theoretical approach which describes a discrete PDL impairment in an otherwise ideal RF photonic link. The cancellation technique provided as much as 20 dB suppression of second-order distortion in the link. C1 [Hutchinson, M. N.] US Naval Res Lab, Photon Technol Branch, Washington, DC USA. [Thompson, K. E.] US Navy, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Frigo, N. J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Hutchinson, MN (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Photon Technol Branch, Washington, DC USA. EM meredith.hutchinson@nrl.navy.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 EI 1350-911X J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD MAR 3 PY 2016 VL 52 IS 5 BP 379 EP 380 DI 10.1049/el.2015.3090 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DF7DA UT WOS:000371516700025 ER PT J AU Smith, AF Patton, P Skrabalak, SE AF Smith, Alison F. Patton, Paul Skrabalak, Sara E. TI Plasmonic Nanoparticles as a Physically Unclonable Function for Responsive Anti-Counterfeit Nanofingerprints SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID REFRACTIVE-INDEX SENSITIVITY; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; METAL NANOPARTICLES; RESONANCE; SHAPE; SIZE; DEPENDENCE; DISTANCE AB Far-field scattering of randomly deposited Au nanoparticles (NPs) is demonstrated as a physically unclonable optical function for anti-counterfeit applications in which the scattering patterns are easily produced yet impractical to replicate. Colloidal metal NPs are superb components for nanoscale labels owing to their small dimensions and intense far-field scattering visible at wavelengths that depend on colloidal size, shape, composition, and their local environment. The feasibility of Au NP depositions as nanofingerprints is presented using a simple pattern matching algorithm. These NPs offer extended functionality as environmental sensors. Taking advantage of the local refractive index dependent scattering wavelengths of metal NPs, a detectable color change is also demonstrated from a nanofingerprint comprised of Au and Ag NPs when placed in media with different refractive index. The facile deposition method coupled with the intense scattering and optical response of metal NPs provides physically unclonable tags (nanofingerprints) with the ability to serve as tamper-evident and aging labels. C1 [Smith, Alison F.; Patton, Paul; Skrabalak, Sara E.] Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Smith, Alison F.] NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. RP Skrabalak, SE (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM sskrabal@indiana.edu FU Indiana University (IU); IU's Office of the Vice President for Research; Office of the Vice Provost for Research through Faculty Research Support Program; U.S. National Science Foundation [CHE-1306853]; NSWC Crane PhD Fellowship FX The optical characterization of NPs was supported by Indiana University (IU) start-up funds and IU's Office of the Vice President for Research and the Office of the Vice Provost for Research through the Faculty Research Support Program. NP synthesis and development of MATLAB code was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under grant CHE-1306853. S.E.S. is a Cottrell Scholar (Research Corporation), Alfred P. Sloan Fellow, and Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar. The authors acknowledge Bogdan Dragnea for the use of dark-field instrumentation. A.F.S. acknowledges the support from a NSWC Crane PhD Fellowship. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 38 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1616-301X EI 1616-3028 J9 ADV FUNCT MATER JI Adv. Funct. Mater. PD MAR 2 PY 2016 VL 26 IS 9 BP 1315 EP 1321 DI 10.1002/adfm.201503989 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DG6FR UT WOS:000372179100001 ER PT J AU Arnold, HN Cress, CD McMorrow, JJ Schmucker, SW Sangwan, VK Jaber-Ansari, L Kumar, R Puntambekar, KP Luck, KA Marks, TJ Hersam, MC AF Arnold, Heather N. Cress, Cory D. McMorrow, Julian J. Schmucker, Scott W. Sangwan, Vinod K. Jaber-Ansari, Laila Kumar, Rajan Puntambekar, Kanan P. Luck, Kyle A. Marks, Tobin J. Hersam, Mark C. TI Tunable Radiation Response in Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Gate Dielectrics for Low-Voltage Graphene Electronics SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE chemical vapor deposition graphene; hybrid dielectrics; field-effect transistor; low-voltage electronics; radiation effects; total ionizing dose ID THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; DEVICES; HFO2; OXIDES; SI; NANODIELECTRICS AB Solution-processed semiconductor and dielectric materials are attractive for future lightweight, low-voltage, flexible electronics, but their response to ionizing radiation environments is not well understood. Here, we investigate the radiation response of graphene field-effect transistors employing multilayer, solution-processed zirconia self-assembled nanodielectrics (Zr-SANDs) with ZrOx as a control. Total ionizing dose (TID) testing is carried out in situ using a vacuum ultraviolet source to a total radiant exposure (RE) of 23.1 mu J/cm(2). The data reveal competing charge density accumulation within and between the individual dielectric layers. Additional measurements of a modified Zr-SAND show that varying individual layer thicknesses within the gate dielectric tuned the TID response. This study thus establishes that the radiation response of graphene electronics can be tailored to achieve a desired radiation sensitivity by incorporating hybrid organic-inorganic gate dielectrics. C1 [Arnold, Heather N.; McMorrow, Julian J.; Sangwan, Vinod K.; Jaber-Ansari, Laila; Kumar, Rajan; Puntambekar, Kanan P.; Luck, Kyle A.; Marks, Tobin J.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Marks, Tobin J.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Cress, Cory D.; Schmucker, Scott W.] US Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schmucker, Scott W.] CNR, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schmucker, Scott W.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Marks, TJ; Hersam, MC (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.; Marks, TJ; Hersam, MC (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.; Hersam, MC (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM t-marks@northwestern.edu; m-hersam@northwestern.edu RI Schmucker, Scott/D-8312-2012; Hersam, Mark/B-6739-2009; OI Schmucker, Scott/0000-0003-2908-5282; Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU Northwestern University Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF) [DMR-1121262]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency MIPR [5-15399]; NASA Space Technology Research Fellowships (NSTRF) [NNX11AM87H, NNX12AM44H]; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program; NSF 2-DARE program [NSF DMR EFRI-143510]; NSF-MRSEC [DMR-1121262]; Keck Foundation; State of Illinois FX This work was supported by the Northwestern University Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF DMR-1121262), and in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency MIPR #5-15399. H.N.A. and J.J.M. acknowledge support from NASA Space Technology Research Fellowships (NSTRF, NNX11AM87H and #NNX12AM44H, respectively), and K.A.L. acknowledges support from the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program. V.K.S. acknowledges support from the NSF 2-DARE program (NSF DMR EFRI-143510). This research also utilized the NUFAB cleanroom facility at Northwestern University and the NUANCE Center at Northwestern University, which is supported by the NSF-MRSEC (DMR-1121262), the Keck Foundation, and the State of Illinois. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 35 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD MAR 2 PY 2016 VL 8 IS 8 BP 5058 EP 5064 DI 10.1021/acsami.5b12259 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DF6GJ UT WOS:000371453600002 PM 26882215 ER PT J AU Lunasin, E Malek-Madani, R Slemrod, M AF Lunasin, Evelyn Malek-Madani, Reza Slemrod, Marshall TI A DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS APPROACH TO MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF TORNADOES SO BULLETIN OF THE INSTITUTE OF MATHEMATICS ACADEMIA SINICA NEW SERIES LA English DT Article DE Navier-Stokes equations; tornado; thermal inversion ID SQUALL STORMS AB We present a derivation, based on asymptotic analysis of Arsen'yev's second order ordinary differential equation, for the propagation of a boundary layer where thermal inversion occurs. The equation we obtained has one more fre parameter U0 than Arsen'yev's original ODE. Our analysis suggests that this ODE is only a first order closure in what could be a hierarchal system of ODEs. The derivation and analysis of the hierarchal system would provide an appealing generalization of Arsen'yev's ODE and could be the basis of further comparison with experimental data. C1 [Lunasin, Evelyn; Malek-Madani, Reza] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Slemrod, Marshall] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Math, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Lunasin, E (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM lunasin@usna.edu; rmm@usna.edu; slemrod@math.wisc.edu FU ONR [N001614WX30023, N0001414WX00197]; Simons Foundation [232531]; United States Naval Academy FX The work of E.L. is supported by the ONR grant N001614WX30023. The work of R.M-M. is supported by the ONR grant N0001414WX00197. M.S. was sponsored in part by a Simons Foundation Collaborative Research grant 232531 and the United States Naval Academy. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACAD SINICA PI BEIJING PA INST GEOPHYS & METEOR, BEIJING, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 2304-7909 EI 2304-7895 J9 BULL INST MATH ACAD JI Bull. Inst. Math. Acad. Sin. New Ser. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 BP 145 EP 161 PG 17 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA DV5WS UT WOS:000383002000008 ER PT J AU Yu, MM AF Yu, Maochun Miles TI THE BATTLE OF QUEMOY The Amphibious Assault That Held the Postwar Military Balance in the Taiwan Strait SO NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 [Yu, Maochun Miles] US Naval Acad, Esat Asian Mil & Naval Hist, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Yu, MM (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Esat Asian Mil & Naval Hist, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US NAVAL WAR COLL PI NEWPORT PA 686 CUSHING RD, NEWPORT, RI 02841 USA SN 0028-1484 J9 NAV WAR COLL REV JI Nav. War Coll. Rev. PD SPR PY 2016 VL 69 IS 2 BP 91 EP 107 PG 17 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA DP4AD UT WOS:000378436800007 ER PT J AU Fleming, B AF Fleming, Bruce TI Night in the Museum SO ANTIOCH REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 [Fleming, Bruce] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Fleming, B (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ANTIOCH REVIEW PI YELLOW SPRINGS PA BOX 148, YELLOW SPRINGS, OH 45387 USA SN 0003-5769 EI 2326-9707 J9 ANTIOCH REV JI Antioch Rev. PD SPR PY 2016 VL 74 IS 2 BP 287 EP 308 PG 22 WC Literary Reviews SC Literature GA DO5TG UT WOS:000377845100006 ER PT J AU Finkel, P Moyet, RP Wun-Fogle, M Restorff, J Kosior, J Staruch, M Stace, J Amin, A AF Finkel, Peter Moyet, Richard Perez Wun-Fogle, Marilyn Restorff, James Kosior, Jesse Staruch, Margo Stace, Joseph Amin, Ahmed TI Non-Resonant Magnetoelectric Energy Harvesting Utilizing Phase Transformation in Relaxor Ferroelectric Single Crystals SO ACTUATORS LA English DT Article DE energy harvesting; magnetoelectric; inter-ferroelectric phase transformation; broadband; low frequency; multi-domain ID CONVERTER AB Recent advances in phase transition transduction enabled the design of a non-resonant broadband mechanical energy harvester that is capable of delivering an energy density per cycle up to two orders of magnitude larger than resonant cantilever piezoelectric type generators. This was achieved in a [011] oriented and poled domain engineered relaxor ferroelectric single crystal, mechanically biased to a state just below the ferroelectric rhombohedral (F-R)-ferroelectric orthorhombic (F-O) phase transformation. Therefore, a small variation in an input parameter, e.g., electrical, mechanical, or thermal will generate a large output due to the significant polarization change associated with the transition. This idea was extended in the present work to design a non-resonant, multi-domain magnetoelectric composite hybrid harvester comprised of highly magnetostrictive alloy, [Fe81.4Ga18.6 (Galfenol) or TbxDy1-xFe2 (Terfenol-D)], and lead indium niobate-lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PIN-PMN-PT) domain engineered relaxor ferroelectric single crystal. A small magnetic field applied to the coupled device causes the magnetostrictive element to expand, and the resulting stress forces the phase change in the relaxor ferroelectric single crystal. We have demonstrated high energy conversion in this magnetoelectric device by triggering the F-R-F-O transition in the single crystal by a small ac magnetic field in a broad frequency range that is important for multi-domain hybrid energy harvesting devices. C1 [Finkel, Peter; Staruch, Margo] US Navy, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Moyet, Richard Perez] Univ Connecticut, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Moyet, Richard Perez] Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Wun-Fogle, Marilyn; Restorff, James] US Army, Ctr Surface Warfare, Survivabil Struct & Mat Dept, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Kosior, Jesse] Rowan Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Glassboro, NJ 08028 USA. [Stace, Joseph; Amin, Ahmed] US Navy, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Sensors & Sonar Syst Dept, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Finkel, P (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM peter.finkel@nrl.navy.mil; richard.perez_moyet@uconn.edu; marilyn.wun-fogle@navy.mil; james.restorff@navy.mil; kosior20@students.rowan.edu; margo.staruch@nrl.navy.mil; joseph.stace@navy.mil; ahmed.amin@navy.mil RI Staruch, Margo/M-9260-2015 OI Staruch, Margo/0000-0003-3088-2553 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 13 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2076-0825 J9 ACTUATORS JI Actuators PD MAR PY 2016 VL 5 IS 1 AR 2 DI 10.3390/act5010002 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA DO2KX UT WOS:000377609900002 ER PT J AU James, T Glazebrook, K Lin, K AF James, Terry Glazebrook, Kevin Lin, Kyle TI Developing Effective Service Policies for Multiclass Queues with Abandonment: Asymptotic Optimality and Approximate Policy Improvement SO INFORMS JOURNAL ON COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE multiclass queue; customer abandonment; Markov decision process; index policy; approximate policy improvement ID CRITICAL TASKING PROBLEMS; SCHEDULING POLICIES; CLEARING SYSTEM; IMPATIENT JOBS; RULE AB We study a single server queuing model with multiple classes and impatient customers. The goal is to determine a service policy to maximize the long-run reward rate earned from serving customers net of holding costs and penalties respectively due to customers waiting for and leaving before receiving service. We first show that it is without loss of generality to study a pure-reward model. Since standard methods can usually only compute the optimal policy for problems with up to three customer classes, our focus is to develop a suite of heuristic approaches, with a preference for operationally simple policies with good reward characteristics. One such heuristic is the R mu theta rule-a priority policy that ranks all customer classes based on the product of reward R, service rate mu, and abandonment rate theta. We show that the R mu theta rule is asymptotically optimal as customer abandonment rates approach zero and often performs well in cases where the simpler R mu rule performs poorly. The paper also develops an approximate policy improvement method that uses simulation and interpolation to estimate the bias function for use in a dynamic programming recursion. For systems with two or three customer classes, our numerical study indicates that the best of our simple priority policies is near optimal in most cases; when it is not, the approximate policy improvement method invariably tightens up the gap substantially. For systems with five customer classes, our heuristics typically achieve within 4% of an upper bound for the optimal value, which is computed via a linear program that relies on a relaxation of the original system. The computational requirement of the approximate policy improvement method grows rapidly when the number of customer classes or the traffic intensity increases. C1 [James, Terry] Univ Lancaster, Fylde Coll, STOR I Doctoral Training Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YF, England. [Glazebrook, Kevin] Univ Lancaster, Dept Management Sci, Lancaster LA1 4YF, England. [Lin, Kyle] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP James, T (reprint author), Univ Lancaster, Fylde Coll, STOR I Doctoral Training Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YF, England. EM t.james@lancaster.ac.uk; k.glazebrook@lancaster.ac.uk; kylin@nps.edu OI Lin, Kyle/0000-0002-3769-1891 NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU INFORMS PI CATONSVILLE PA 5521 RESEARCH PARK DR, SUITE 200, CATONSVILLE, MD 21228 USA SN 1091-9856 EI 1526-5528 J9 INFORMS J COMPUT JI INFORMS J. Comput. PD SPR PY 2016 VL 28 IS 2 BP 251 EP 264 DI 10.1287/ijoc.2015.0675 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA DN5LS UT WOS:000377110200005 ER PT J AU Gwara, JJ AF Gwara, Joseph J. TI A NEW BOOK FROM THE ROSE GARLAND PRESS OF ROBERT COPLAND SO LIBRARY LA English DT Article C1 [Gwara, Joseph J.] US Naval Acad, Spanish, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Gwara, JJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Spanish, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0024-2160 EI 1744-8581 J9 LIBRARY JI Library PD MAR PY 2016 VL 17 IS 1 BP 56 EP 66 DI 10.1093/library/17.1.56 PG 11 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA DM8YZ UT WOS:000376651700004 ER PT J AU Guzman, C Brownell, C Kommer, EM AF Guzman, Christian Brownell, Cody Kommer, Eric M. TI The Magnus effect and the American football SO SPORTS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Aerodynamics; American football; Magnus effect; Rotational velocity; Kick; Drag ID AERODYNAMICS; FORCE AB The aerodynamics of an American NFL football during an end over end kick were investigated utilizing a custom rotating apparatus and large-scale wind tunnel. Non-rotating lift and drag coefficients were measured and agree well with previous data from other athletic balls and a smooth sphere. The rotation effect on an American football increased both the lift and drag coefficients more dramatically than what has been seen with symmetrical objects over a wide range of rotational rates. The results from this study can be used to more accurately predict the flight trajectory of an end over end kick, and help optimize the balance between kick velocity and rotational speed for a given kicker's leg strength. C1 [Guzman, Christian; Kommer, Eric M.] Catholic Univ Amer, 620 Michigan Ave NE, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Brownell, Cody] US Naval Acad, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Kommer, EM (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, 620 Michigan Ave NE, Washington, DC 20064 USA. EM kommer@cua.edu FU Mechanical Engineering Department at the Catholic University of America; Aerospace Laboratory at the United States Naval Academy FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Mechanical Engineering Department at the Catholic University of America, the Aerospace Laboratory at the United States Naval Academy, and especially Ms. Louise Bectel and Mr. Don Smolley. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1369-7072 EI 1460-2687 J9 SPORTS ENG JI Sports Eng. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 19 IS 1 BP 13 EP 20 DI 10.1007/s12283-015-0184-4 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA DM8NK UT WOS:000376620900002 ER PT J AU Rodina, AV Efros, AL AF Rodina, A. V. Efros, Al. L. TI Effect of dielectric confinement on optical properties of colloidal nanostructures SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS; INDUCED POLARIZATION ANISOTROPY; HOLE EXCHANGE INTERACTION; SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; LINEAR-POLARIZATION; CDSE NANOPLATELETS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; FINE-STRUCTURE; POROUS SI AB We review the effects caused by a large difference in the dielectric constants of a semiconductor and its surrounding in colloidal semiconductor nanostructures (NSs) with various shapes, e.g., nanocrystals, nanorods, and nanoplatelets. The difference increases the electron-hole interaction and consequently the exciton binding energy and its oscillator transition strength. On the other hand, this difference reduces the electric field of a photon penetrating the NS (the phenomenon is called the local field effect) and reduces the photon coupling to an exciton. We show that the polarization properties of the individual colloidal NSs as well as of their randomly oriented ensemble are determined both by the anisotropy of the local field effect and by the symmetry of the exciton states participating in optical transitions. The calculations explain the temperature and time dependences of the degree of linear polarization measured in an ensemble of CdSe nanocrystals. C1 [Rodina, A. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [Efros, Al. L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rodina, AV (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia.; Efros, AL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM anna.rodina@mail.ioffe.ru; efros@nrl.navy.mil FU RFBR [13-02-00888]; Government of Russia [14.Z50.31.0021]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program FX The authors thank S.G. Tikhodeev, M. Johannes, and E.A. Zhukov for help and the stimulating discussions. The work of A.V.R was supported by the RFBR (grant no. 13-02-00888) and by the Government of Russia (project no. 14.Z50.31.0021, leading scientist M. Bayer). Al. L. E. acknowledges the financial support of the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program. NR 70 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 14 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1063-7761 EI 1090-6509 J9 J EXP THEOR PHYS+ JI J. Exp. Theor. Phys. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 122 IS 3 BP 554 EP 566 DI 10.1134/S1063776116030183 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DM1MW UT WOS:000376110500015 ER PT J AU Isaacs, J Miao, CL Sprangle, P AF Isaacs, Joshua Miao, Chenlong Sprangle, Phillip TI Remote monostatic detection of radioactive material by laser-induced breakdown SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID CO2-LASER; RADIATION AB This paper analyzes and evaluates a concept for remotely detecting the presence of radioactivity using electromagnetic signatures. The detection concept is based on the use of laser beams and the resulting electromagnetic signatures near the radioactive material. Free electrons, generated from ionizing radiation associated with the radioactive material, cascade down to low energies and attach to molecular oxygen. The resulting ion density depends on the level of radioactivity and can be readily photo-ionized by a low-intensity laser beam. This process provides a controllable source of seed electrons for the further collisional ionization (breakdown) of the air using a high-power, focused, CO2 laser pulse. When the air breakdown process saturates, the ionizing CO2 radiation reflects off the plasma region and can be detected. The time required for this to occur is a function of the level of radioactivity. This monostatic detection arrangement has the advantage that both the photo-ionizing and avalanche laser beams and the detector can be co-located. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Isaacs, Joshua; Sprangle, Phillip] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Miao, Chenlong; Sprangle, Phillip] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sprangle, Phillip] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Isaacs, J (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. FU DTRA, C-WMD Basic Research Program FX The authors acknowledge useful discussions with Professor H. Milchberg. This research was supported by a DTRA, C-WMD Basic Research Program. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2016 VL 23 IS 3 AR 033507 DI 10.1063/1.4943404 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DL7XY UT WOS:000375854900089 ER PT J AU Syverson, P Boyce, G AF Syverson, Paul Boyce, Griffin TI Bake in .onion for Tear-Free and Stronger Website Authentication SO IEEE SECURITY & PRIVACY LA English DT Article AB Although their inherent authentication properties are generally overlooked in the shadow of the network-address hiding they provide, Tor's. onion services might just deliver stronger website authentication than existing alternatives. C1 [Syverson, Paul] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Systems, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Boyce, Griffin] Harvard Univ, Berkman Ctr Internet & Soc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Syverson, P (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Systems, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Boyce, G (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Berkman Ctr Internet & Soc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM paul.syverson@nrl.navy.mil; griffin@cryptolab.net NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1540-7993 EI 1558-4046 J9 IEEE SECUR PRIV JI IEEE Secur. Priv. PD MAR-APR PY 2016 VL 14 IS 2 BP 15 EP 21 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA DJ9SD UT WOS:000374552300004 ER PT J AU Wu, CC Liou, K Vourlidas, A Plunkett, S Dryer, M Wu, ST Socker, D Wood, BE Hutting, L Howard, RA AF Wu, Chin-Chun Liou, Kan Vourlidas, Angelos Plunkett, Simon Dryer, Murray Wu, S. T. Socker, Dennis Wood, Brian E. Hutting, Lynn Howard, Russell A. TI Numerical simulation of multiple CME-driven shocks in the month of 2011 September SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CORONAL MASS EJECTION; 3-DIMENSIONAL GLOBAL SIMULATION; SOLAR-WIND; INNER HELIOSPHERE; MAGNETIC CLOUDS; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATION; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; SUNSPOT NUMBER; FLUX; PROPAGATION AB A global, three-dimensional (3-D) numerical simulation model has been employed to study the Sun-to-Earth propagation of multiple (12) coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and their associated shocks in September 2011. The inputs to the simulation are based on actual solar observations, which include the CME speeds, source locations, and photospheric magnetic fields. The simulation result is fine tuned with in situ solar wind data observations at 1AU by matching the arrival time of CME-driven shocks. During this period three CME-driven interplanetary (IP) shocks induced three sizable geomagnetic storms on 9, 17, and 26 September, with Dst values reaching -69, -70, and -101nT, respectively. These storm events signify the commencement of geomagnetic activity in the solar cycle 24. The CME propagation speed near the Sun (e.g., <30 R-S) has been widely used to estimate the interplanetary CME (ICME)/Shock arrival time at 1AU. Our simulation indicates that the background solar wind speed, as expected, is an important controlling parameter in the propagation of IP shocks and CMEs. Prediction of the ICME/shock arrival time at 1AU can be more problematic for slow (e.g., < 500 km s(-1)) than fast CMEs (> 1000 km s(-1)). This is because the effect of the background solar wind is more pronounced for slow CMEs. Here we demonstrate this difficulty with a slow (400 km s(-1)) CME event that arrived at the Earth in 3days instead of the predicted 4.3days. Our results also demonstrate that a long period (a month in this case) of simulation may be necessary to make meaningful solar source geomagnetic storm associations. C1 [Wu, Chin-Chun; Plunkett, Simon; Socker, Dennis; Wood, Brian E.; Hutting, Lynn; Howard, Russell A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Liou, Kan; Vourlidas, Angelos] Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. [Dryer, Murray] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA. [Wu, S. T.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. RP Wu, CC (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM chin-chun.wu@nrl.navy.mil RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009; Liou, Kan/C-2089-2016 OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948; Liou, Kan/0000-0001-5277-7688 FU NASA [S-136361-Y, NNX14AF83G]; Chief of Naval Research; NSF [AGS 1153323] FX We thank the Wind PI team and National Space Science Data Center at Goddard Space Flight Center for management and providing Wind plasma and magnetic field solar wind data (http://cdaweb.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/wind/). The SECCHI data are courtesy of STEREO/NASA and the SECCHI consortium for providing corona images and tool for computing the detail information of CMEs (http://stereo.gsfc.nasa.gov/beacon/). We acknowledge the support of NASA contract S-136361-Y for the STEREO/SECCHI effort. This study is supported partially by Chief of Naval Research (C.C.W., B.E.W., D.S., and S.P.), and NSF grant AGS 1153323 (S.T.W.). A.V., R.A.H., and L.H. were supported by NASA contract S-136361-Y to Naval Research Laboratory. K.L. is supported by NASA grant NNX14AF83G to the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. Finally, we thank the reviewers for their construction suggestions and comments. NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 121 IS 3 BP 1839 EP 1856 DI 10.1002/2015JA021843 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DK2FV UT WOS:000374730900002 ER PT J AU Krall, J Huba, JD Jordanova, VK Denton, RE Carranza, T Moldwin, MB AF Krall, J. Huba, J. D. Jordanova, V. K. Denton, R. E. Carranza, T. Moldwin, M. B. TI Measurement and modeling of the refilling plasmasphere during 2001 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE plasmasphere; refilling; dynamics; thermosphere; exosphere ID INTERNATIONAL REFERENCE IONOSPHERE; INNER MAGNETOSPHERE; EARTHS PLASMASPHERE; FIELD LINES; THERMOSPHERE; SIMULATION; HE+; SPACECRAFT; PLASMAPAUSE; FREQUENCIES AB The Naval Research Laboratory SAMI3 (Sami3 is Also a Model of the Ionosphere) and the RAM-CPL (Ring current Atmosphere interaction Model-Cold PLasma) codes are used to model observed plasmasphere dynamics during 25 November 2001 to 1 December 2001 and 1-5 February 2001. Model results compare well to plasmasphere observations of electron and mass densities. Comparison of model results to refilling data and to each other shows good agreement, generally within a factor of 2. We find that SAMI3 plasmaspheric refilling rates and ion densities are sensitive to the composition and temperature of the thermosphere and exosphere, and to photoelectron heating. Results also support our previous finding that the wind-driven dynamo significantly impacts both refilling rates and plasmasphere dynamics during quiet periods. C1 [Krall, J.; Huba, J. D.] Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Jordanova, V. K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Denton, R. E.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Carranza, T.; Moldwin, M. B.] Univ Michigan, Dept Climate & Space Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Krall, J (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jonathan.krall@nrl.navy.mil FU NRL Base Funds; NASA LWS Program; NASA [NNX10AQ60G]; NSF [AGS-1105790]; U.S. Department of Energy; LDRD; NASA/LWS; NSF Graduate Fellowship; [NSFAGS-1265651] FX This research was supported by NRL Base Funds and the NASA LWS Program. Work at Dartmouth College was supported by NASA grant NNX10AQ60G (Living with a Star Targeted Research Plasmasphere focused science topic) and NSF grant AGS-1105790. Work at LANL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy with partial support from the LDRD and NASA/LWS programs. M.B.M. was partially supported by NSFAGS-1265651 and T.C. was supported by a NSF Graduate Fellowship. We thank Joel Fedder of Icarus Research, John Emmert of NRL, and Hanbyul Lee of the Korea Polar Research Institute for helpful discussions. We similarly thank the LWS Plasmasphere Team, led by Pontus Brandt of the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. We thank Yongli Wang of Goddard Space Flight Center for assistance with the IMAGE/RPI data. Data and models were obtained from the following sources: Solar wind (OMNI data set), EUV indices, and geomagnetic indices were obtained from the Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb, http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/istp_public/). IMAGE/RPI electron densities [see Denton et al., 2012] are available at CDAWeb; data used here can be obtained by contacting J.K. Refilling values can be derived from the IMAGE/RPI electron density data as described above. These values are provided in figures; the exact values can be obtained by contacting J.K. Magnetometer data are available at http://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ for MEASURE; the inferred mass densities were provided by the MEASURE team; these values are shown in figures; the exact values can be obtained by contacting J.K. SAMI3 electron and ion densities are numerical information provided in figures; these are produced by solving the SAMI3 equations [Huba and Krall, 2013; Huba et al., 2000]. RAM-CPL electron densities are numerical information provided in figures; these are produced by solving the RAM equations [Jordanova et al., 2006; Rasmussen et al., 1993]. Refilling rates for SAMI3 and RAM-CPL are obtained by analyzing SAMI3 and RAM-CPL electron densities and are provided in figures; exact values can be obtained by contacting J.K. NR 62 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 121 IS 3 BP 2226 EP 2248 DI 10.1002/2015JA022126 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DK2FV UT WOS:000374730900027 ER PT J AU Shlesinger, MF AF Shlesinger, Michael F. TI Switching strategies to optimize search SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT LA English DT Article DE applications to game theory and mathematical economics; stochastic processes; risk measure and management; diffusion AB Search strategies are explored when the search time is fixed, success is probabilistic and the estimate for success can diminish with time if there is not a successful result. Under the time constraint the problem is to find the optimal time to switch a search strategy or search location. Several variables are taken into account, including cost, gain, rate of success if a target is present and the probability that a target is present. C1 [Shlesinger, Michael F.] Off Naval Res, Code 30,875 N Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Shlesinger, MF (reprint author), Off Naval Res, Code 30,875 N Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. EM mike.shlesinger@navy.mil NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-5468 J9 J STAT MECH-THEORY E JI J. Stat. Mech.-Theory Exp. PD MAR PY 2016 AR 033402 DI 10.1088/1742-5468/2016/03/033402 PG 8 WC Mechanics; Physics, Mathematical SC Mechanics; Physics GA DL5VI UT WOS:000375704700036 ER PT J AU Fulcher, A Farooq, M Richardson, AG Smith, ML Scott, JM Gaines, MK Xue, RD AF Fulcher, Ali Farooq, Muhammad Richardson, Alec G. Smith, Michael L. Scott, Jodi M. Gaines, Marcia K. Xue, Rui-De TI CHARACTERISTICS AND EFFICACY OF THREE COMMERCIAL HANDHELD THERMAL FOGGERS WITH PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES AGAINST THREE SPECIES OF MOSQUITOES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Adulticiding; Aedes aegypti; Anopheles quadrimaculatus; Culex quinquefasciatus; handheld foggers; pyrethroid insecticides ID ADULT AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; SCREENED FIELD CAGES; VECTOR CONTROL; CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; SPRAY CHARACTERIZATION; RESIDUAL EFFECTIVENESS; PERMETHRIN; FORMULATION; DUET(TM); SOLVENTS AB The field study's objectives were to compare the physical characteristics as well as efficacy with multiple insecticides for Bonide (R) Fog Rx Insect Fogger, Black Flag (R) Propane Insect Fogger, and Burgess (R) Outdoor Propane Insect Fogger. Evaluations were conducted with 7 machine chemical combinations, 3 depths of spray, and 3 species of laboratory-reared mosquitoes, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Aedes aegypti. Combinations of these factors were analyzed in conjunction with environmental parameters. Data showed statistical significance between all machines. The Bonide machine maintained integrity and durability for the longest period of time compared with the other 2 machines. When evaluating the 3 machines with DUET (TM), mortality was highest with the Bonide and lowest with the Burgess machine. C1 [Fulcher, Ali; Smith, Michael L.; Scott, Jodi M.; Gaines, Marcia K.; Xue, Rui-De] Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, 500 Old Beach Rd, St Augustine, FL 32080 USA. [Farooq, Muhammad; Richardson, Alec G.] Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Naval Air Stn, POB 43, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. RP Xue, RD (reprint author), Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, 500 Old Beach Rd, St Augustine, FL 32080 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 32 IS 1 BP 44 EP 50 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DJ9CA UT WOS:000374510400005 PM 27105215 ER PT J AU Scheck, CE Wolk, JN Frazier, WE Mahoney, BT Morris, K Kestler, R Bagchi, A AF Scheck, Caroline E. Wolk, Jennifer N. Frazier, William E. Mahoney, Brian T. Morris, Kyle Kestler, Robert Bagchi, Amit TI Naval Additive Manufacturing: Improving Rapid Response to the Warfighter SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Additive manufacturing (AM) is a crosscutting manufacturing technology that can beneficially impact total ownership cost, operational availability, and warfighter readiness. AM has already been implemented in naval facilities with notable successes in the areas of rapid fabrication, legacy part development and repair, custom, tooling, rapid prototyping, and novel designs. Though AM has afforded many positive successes in naval applications, additional technology development in areas such as the production of quality metal parts and rapid qualification are needed to fully capture the manufacturing advantages to the warfighter that AM offers. C1 [Scheck, Caroline E.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div NSWC Carderock, West Bethesda, MD USA. [Wolk, Jennifer N.] ONR, Naval Mat Div, Arlington, TX USA. [Frazier, William E.] Naval Air Syst Command Patuxent River Navair Pax, Patuxent River, MD USA. [Mahoney, Brian T.; Morris, Kyle] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Keyport Div NUWC Keyport, Keyport, WA USA. [Kestler, Robert] Naval Air Syst Command Fleet Readiness Ctr East C, Cherry Point, NC USA. [Bagchi, Amit] NRL, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC USA. RP Scheck, CE (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div NSWC Carderock, West Bethesda, MD USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 USA SN 0028-1425 EI 1559-3584 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 128 IS 1 BP 71 EP 75 PG 5 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA DL6FH UT WOS:000375734600008 ER PT J AU Gray, AW Singer, DJ AF Gray, Alexander W. Singer, David J. TI A Hybrid Agent Type-1 Fuzzy Logic System for Set-Based Conceptual Ship Design Communications and Negotiations SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ENGINEERING DESIGN; OPTIMIZATION AB A methodology for the implementation of set-based design communications and negotiations in the conceptual ship design phase is outlined. The newly developed methodology relies on a hybrid agent type-1 fuzzy logic system (FLS). The hybridization stems from the use of human designers who fulfill agent roles by interacting with a computational fuzzy logic system, graphical user interfaces, and a networked software tool. The authors outline the motivation for the development of the hybrid agent set based type-1 FLS, including the differences and benefits between point-based and set-based design methods. Details of the hybrid agent FLS components, as well as the communications and negotiations process, are also discussed. Conceptual container ship designs were performed in order to verify the functionality of the method and associated tools. The results show the ability of the hybrid agent type-1 FLS to facilitate the core set-based design values of set-based communication and gradual narrowing of the solution space. The FLS method was also compared to an unstructured chat window, Internet based, communications method commonly used by design groups working from multiple locations. A comparison of the two methods showed the structured FLS to be more capable of facilitating SBD qualities than the chat window method. C1 [Gray, Alexander W.] Univ Michigan, Dept Naval Architecture & Marine Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Singer, David J.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Gray, AW (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Naval Architecture & Marine Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 USA SN 0028-1425 EI 1559-3584 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 128 IS 1 BP 77 EP 89 PG 13 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA DL6FH UT WOS:000375734600009 ER PT J AU Mungan, C AF Mungan, Carl TI Buoyant beaker balls SO PHYSICS TEACHER LA English DT Letter C1 [Mungan, Carl] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mungan, C (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN PHYSICS TEACHERS PI COLLEGE PK PA 5110 ROANOKE PLACE SUITE 101, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740 USA SN 0031-921X J9 PHYS TEACH JI Phys. Teach. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 54 IS 3 BP 132 EP 132 DI 10.1119/1.4942126 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DL7EG UT WOS:000375802600002 ER PT J AU Eriksen, MD Kniesner, TJ Rohlfs, C Sullivan, R AF Eriksen, Michael D. Kniesner, Thomas J. Rohlfs, Chris Sullivan, Ryan TI Toward more general hedonic estimation: Clarifying the roles of alternative experimental designs with an application to a housing attribute SO REGIONAL SCIENCE AND URBAN ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Hedonic; Identification; Field experiment; Marginal willingness to pay; Heterogeneous goods; Endogenous attributes ID CHOICE CONTINGENT VALUATION; WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; FIELD EXPERIMENT; NONPARAMETRIC-ESTIMATION; DEMAND PARAMETERS; IMPLICIT MARKETS; PRICES; MODELS; LIFE; EQUILIBRIUM AB Traditional hedonic estimation approaches are known to be biased when exogenous shocks affect multiple product attributes, the market for the product's complements and substitutes, and aggregate quantity produced. Our research develops a more general hedonic model to recover the marginal willingness to pay for an attribute in the presence of such known hazards to identification based on randomized experiments. Three experimental approaches are introduced on how to estimate attribute demand that address known biases, have transparent identification assumptions, and are feasible to implement. We apply one of the estimators developed to measure the marginal value placed by householders on subsidized carbon monoxide detectors. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Eriksen, Michael D.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Kniesner, Thomas J.] Claremont Grad Univ, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. [Kniesner, Thomas J.] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Kniesner, Thomas J.] IZA, Bonn, Germany. [Sullivan, Ryan] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Eriksen, MD (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Lindner Coll Business, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM mike.eriksen@uc.edu NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0462 EI 1879-2308 J9 REG SCI URBAN ECON JI Reg. Sci. Urban Econ. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 57 BP 54 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2016.01.001 PG 9 WC Economics; Environmental Studies; Urban Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies GA DK0PB UT WOS:000374613600006 ER PT J AU Heeb, N Gutmark, E Kailasanath, K AF Heeb, N. Gutmark, E. Kailasanath, K. TI Investigation of Chevron Penetration's Effect on Supersonic Jet Noise Reduction SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SHOCK-ASSOCIATED NOISE C1 [Heeb, N.; Gutmark, E.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Kailasanath, K.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr React Flow & Dynam Syst, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Heeb, N; Gutmark, E (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.; Kailasanath, K (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr React Flow & Dynam Syst, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM heebns@mail.uc.edu; gutmarej@ucmail.uc.edu; kailas@lcp.nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through the Jet Noise Reduction Project under the Noise Induced Hearing Loss program FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research through the Jet Noise Reduction Project under the Noise Induced Hearing Loss program. The first author would like to thank the Ohio Space Grant Consortium for personal support during this work. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 54 IS 3 BP 1129 EP U390 DI 10.2514/1.J054361 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DL1XF UT WOS:000375425800028 ER PT J AU Brennan, T AF Brennan, Thomas TI Alehouses and Good Fellowship in Early Modern England SO JOURNAL OF SOCIAL HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Brennan, Thomas] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Brennan, T (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM brennan@usna.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-4529 EI 1527-1897 J9 J SOC HIST JI J. Soc. Hist. PD SPR PY 2016 VL 49 IS 3 BP 750 EP 751 DI 10.1093/jsh/shv076 PG 3 WC History SC History GA DL0EM UT WOS:000375305000018 ER PT J AU Atkinson, M Kress, M Lange, RJ AF Atkinson, Michael Kress, Moshe Lange, Rutger-Jan TI When Is Information Sufficient for Action? Search with Unreliable yet Informative Intelligence SO OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE whereabouts search; optimal stopping; multinomial selection ID MULTINOMIAL EVENT AB We analyze a variant of the whereabouts search problem, in which a searcher looks for a target hiding in one of n possible locations. Unlike in the classic version, our searcher does not pursue the target by actively moving from one location to the next. Instead, the searcher receives a stream of intelligence about the location of the target. At any time, the searcher can engage the location he thinks contains the target or wait for more intelligence. The searcher incurs costs when he engages the wrong location, based on insufficient intelligence, or waits too long in the hopes of gaining better situational awareness, which allows the target to either execute his plot or disappear. We formulate the searcher's decision as an optimal stopping problem and establish conditions for optimally executing this search-and-interdict mission. C1 [Atkinson, Michael; Kress, Moshe] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Lange, Rutger-Jan] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Finance, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Lange, Rutger-Jan] Erasmus Univ, Erasmus Sch Econ, NL-3062 PA Rotterdam, Netherlands. RP Atkinson, M; Kress, M (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.; Lange, RJ (reprint author), Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Finance, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.; Lange, RJ (reprint author), Erasmus Univ, Erasmus Sch Econ, NL-3062 PA Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM mpatkins@nps.edu; mkress@nps.edu; rutger-jan.lange@cantab.net FU Office of Naval Research; European Union [320270-SYRTO] FX The authors would like to thank their colleagues in the Department of Operations Research at the Naval Postgraduate School for valuable feedback. In particular, Susan Sanchez provided several useful references and Kyle Lin aided in the formulation of proof concepts. They would also like the thank the referees and associate editor for invaluable comments that significantly improved the paper. The first and second author are supported by the Office of Naval Research. The third author is support by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme [FP7-SSH/2007-2013, Grant Agreement 320270-SYRTO]. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU INFORMS PI CATONSVILLE PA 5521 RESEARCH PARK DR, SUITE 200, CATONSVILLE, MD 21228 USA SN 0030-364X J9 OPER RES JI Oper. Res. PD MAR-APR PY 2016 VL 64 IS 2 BP 315 EP 328 DI 10.1287/opre.2016.1488 PG 14 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA DL4KI UT WOS:000375603700004 ER PT J AU Sierzchula, JJ MacGregor, RM Onuscheck, DS Van Slyke, JA Tavakoli, H AF Sierzchula, Jessica J. MacGregor, Robert M. Onuscheck, Douglas S. Van Slyke, John A. Tavakoli, Hamid TI Mood Change in a Patient with a Carcinoid Tumor SO PSYCHIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS; SYMPTOMS; MARKERS C1 [Sierzchula, Jessica J.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [MacGregor, Robert M.; Onuscheck, Douglas S.] Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Norfolk, VA USA. [Van Slyke, John A.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Psychiat, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Tavakoli, Hamid] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Consultat Liason Serv, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Tavakoli, H (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Psychiat, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM hamid.r.tavakoli.civ@mail.mil NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0048-5713 EI 1938-2456 J9 PSYCHIAT ANN JI Psychiatr. Ann. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 46 IS 3 BP 153 EP 156 DI 10.3928/00485713-20160120-01 PG 4 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA DK8YG UT WOS:000375215200002 ER PT J AU Breckenfeld, E Kim, H Auyeung, RCY Pique, A AF Breckenfeld, Eric Kim, Heungsoo Auyeung, Raymond C. Y. Pique, Alberto TI Laser-induced Forward Transfer of Ag Nanopaste SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Engineering; Issue 109; Physics; LIFT; direct-write; interconnects; Ag nanopaste; additive manufacturing; printing ID DIRECT-WRITE; INTERCONNECTS; FABRICATION; FILMS AB Over the past decade, there has been much development of non-lithographic methods(1-3) for printing metallic inks or other functional materials. Many of these processes such as inkjet(3) and laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT)(4) have become increasingly popular as interest in printable electronics and maskless patterning has grown. These additive manufacturing processes are inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and well suited for rapid prototyping, when compared to more traditional semiconductor processing techniques. While most direct-write processes are confined to two-dimensional structures and cannot handle materials with high viscosity (particularly inkjet), LIFT can transcend both constraints if performed properly. Congruent transfer of three dimensional pixels (called voxels), also referred to as laser decal transfer (LDT)(5-9), has recently been demonstrated with the LIFT technique using highly viscous Ag nanopastes to fabricate freestanding interconnects, complex voxel shapes, and high-aspect-ratio structures. In this paper, we demonstrate a simple yet versatile process for fabricating a variety of micro-and macroscale Ag structures. Structures include simple shapes for patterning electrical contacts, bridging and cantilever structures, high-aspect-ratio structures, and single-shot, large area transfers using a commercial digital micromirror device (DMD) chip. C1 [Breckenfeld, Eric] Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Res Associates Program, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kim, Heungsoo; Auyeung, Raymond C. Y.; Pique, Alberto] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Breckenfeld, E (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Res Associates Program, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM eric.breckenfeld.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD MAR PY 2016 IS 109 AR e53728 DI 10.3791/53728 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DK0XR UT WOS:000374636300042 PM 27077645 ER PT J AU Ryglicki, DR Hodyss, D AF Ryglicki, David R. Hodyss, Daniel TI A Deeper Analysis of Center-Finding Techniques for Tropical Cyclones in Mesoscale Models. Part I: Low-Wavenumber Analysis SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HURRICANE-LIKE VORTICES; ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; VERTICAL WIND SHEAR; DYNAMIC INSTABILITIES; BOUNDARY-LAYER; CORE STRUCTURE; INNER-CORE; VORTEX; RESOLUTION; EYE AB A deeper analysis of possible errors and inconsistencies in the analysis of vortex asymmetries owing to the placement of centers of tropical cyclones (TCs) in mesoscale models is presented. Previous works have established that components of the 2D and 3D structure of these TCs primarily radial wind and vertical tilt can vary greatly depending on how the center of a model TC is defined. This work will seek to expand the previous research on this topic, but only for the 2D structure. To be specific, this work will present how low-wavenumber azimuthal Fourier analyses can vary with center displacement using idealized, parametric TC-like vortices. It is shown that the errors associated with aliasing the mean are sensitive primarily to the difference between the peak of vorticity inside the radius of maximum winds and the average vorticity inside the core. Tangential wind and vorticity aliasing occur primarily in the core; radial wind aliasing spans the whole of the vortex. It is also shown that, when adding low-wavenumber asymmetries, the aliasing is dependent on the placement of the center relative to the location of the asymmetries on the vortex. It is also shown that the primary concern for 2D analysis when calculating the center of a TC is correctly resolving azimuthal wavenumber 0 tangential wind, because errors here will alias onto all higher wavenumbers, the specific structures of which are dependent on the structure of the mean vortex itself. C1 [Ryglicki, David R.] CNR, Monterey, CA USA. [Hodyss, Daniel] Naval Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2,Rm 254,Bldg 704, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. RP Ryglicki, DR (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2,Rm 254,Bldg 704, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. EM david.ryglicki.ctr@nrlmry.navy.mil FU National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Award at the Naval Research Laboratory Marine Meteorology Division; Office of Naval Research [PE-0601153N] FX A portion of this work was performed while author DRR was employed at Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center, Monterey, CA. He is currently supported by a National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Award at the Naval Research Laboratory Marine Meteorology Division. Author Hodyss gratefully acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research PE-0601153N. We thank Robert Hart and James Doyle for their contributions to this work and three anonymous reviewers whose insightful comments helped to improve this work's clarity and content. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 EI 1558-8432 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 55 IS 3 BP 531 EP 559 DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0125.1 PG 29 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DJ4VN UT WOS:000374206300003 ER PT J AU Augier, M Guo, J Rowen, H AF Augier, Mie Guo, Jerry Rowen, Harry TI The Needham Puzzle Reconsidered: Organizations, Organizing, and Innovation in China SO MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION REVIEW LA English DT Article DE China; competition; innovation; R & D ID ECONOMIC-DEVELOPMENT; EUROPE; PERFORMANCE; BUSINESS; SCIENCE AB This paper discusses some aspects of innovation in China. As China seeks to transition to a knowledge-based economy, it may become more important for China to develop innovative technologies to sustain economic growth. How do China's history, culture, institutions, and organizations aid or hinder innovation? How does China's national innovation system compare to the innovation culture in the US, as well as other developed and emerging economies? What are the prospects for the future of the Chinese national innovation system? Our starting point is the Needham Puzzle - the paradox that while China was once a world leader in technological development, it fell behind; the Industrial Revolution happened in Europe rather than in China. Potential explanations for the Needham Puzzle may shed light on the challenges facing innovation in modern China. We identify three factors that might help explain the Needham Puzzle; assess how the Needham Puzzle and Chinese culture and history have affected the modern innovation system; discuss comparative aspects of innovation ecosystems in the United States and elsewhere; and suggest that Chinese innovation emphasizes exploitation and refinement of existing knowledge to the exploration and development of new knowledge. We also discuss implications for the future of innovation in China. C1 [Augier, Mie] Naval Postgraduate Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Guo, Jerry] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Tepper Sch Business, Org Behav & theory, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Rowen, Harry] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Augier, M (reprint author), Naval Postgraduate Sch, Monterey, CA USA.; Guo, J (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Tepper Sch Business, Org Behav & theory, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM augier@stanford.edu; jmguo@andrew.cmu.edu NR 69 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 16 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1740-8776 EI 1740-8784 J9 MANAGE ORGAN REV JI Manag. Organ. Rev. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 12 IS 1 BP 5 EP 24 DI 10.1017/mor.2016.5 PG 20 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA DJ4MW UT WOS:000374180900002 ER PT J AU Shaffer, J AF Shaffer, Jason TI THE CAPTIVE STAGE: PERFORMANCE AND THE PROSLAVERY IMAGINATION OF THE ANTEBELLUM NORTH. SO THEATRE JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Shaffer, Jason] US Naval Acad, English, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Shaffer, J (reprint author), US Naval Acad, English, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4363 USA SN 0192-2882 EI 1086-332X J9 THEATRE J JI Theatre J. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 68 IS 1 BP 123 EP 131 PG 9 WC Theater SC Theater GA DJ4UX UT WOS:000374204700025 ER PT J AU Shaffer, J AF Shaffer, Jason TI PERFORMING THE TEMPLE OF LIBERTY: SLAVERY, THEATER, AND POPULAR CULTURE IN LONDON AND PHILADELPHIA, 1760-1850. SO THEATRE JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Shaffer, Jason] US Naval Acad, English, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Shaffer, J (reprint author), US Naval Acad, English, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4363 USA SN 0192-2882 EI 1086-332X J9 THEATRE J JI Theatre J. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 68 IS 1 BP 123 EP 131 PG 9 WC Theater SC Theater GA DJ4UX UT WOS:000374204700024 ER PT J AU Shaffer, J AF Shaffer, Jason TI NEW WORLD DRAMA: THE PERFORMATIVE COMMONS IN THE ATLANTIC WORLD, 1649-1849 SO THEATRE JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Shaffer, Jason] US Naval Acad, English, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Shaffer, J (reprint author), US Naval Acad, English, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4363 USA SN 0192-2882 EI 1086-332X J9 THEATRE J JI Theatre J. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 68 IS 1 BP 123 EP 131 PG 9 WC Theater SC Theater GA DJ4UX UT WOS:000374204700023 ER PT J AU Panchal, V Giusca, CE Lartsev, A Martin, NA Cassidy, N Myers-Ward, RL Gaskill, DK Kazakova, O AF Panchal, Vishal Giusca, Cristina E. Lartsev, Arseniy Martin, Nicholas A. Cassidy, Nathan Myers-Ward, Rachael L. Gaskill, D. Kurt Kazakova, Olga TI Atmospheric doping effects in epitaxial graphene: correlation of local and global electrical studies SO 2D MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE epitaxial graphene; environmental doping; Hall sensor; Kelvin probe force microscopy; gas sensor ID GAS SENSORS; VAPOR; WATER; MICROSCOPY; TRANSPORT; OXIDATION; SIC(0001); SURFACES; DEVICES AB We directly correlate the local (20 nm scale) and global electronic properties of a device containing mono-, bi- and tri-layer epitaxial graphene (EG) domains on 6H-SiC (0001) by simultaneously performing local surface potential measurements using Kelvin probe force microscopy and global transport measurements. Using well-controlled environmental conditions we investigate the doping effects of N-2, O-2, water vapour and NO2 at concentrations representative of the ambient air. We show that presence of O-2, water vapour and NO2 leads to p-doping of all EG domains. However, the thicker layers of EG are significantly less affected. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the general consensus of O-2 and water vapour present in ambient air providing majority of the p-doping to graphene is a common misconception. We experimentally show that even the combined effect of O-2, water vapour, and NO2 at concentrations higher than typically present in the atmosphere does not fully replicate p-doping from ambient air. Thus, for EG gas sensors it is essential to consider naturally occurring environmental effects and properly separate them from those coming from targeted species. C1 [Panchal, Vishal; Giusca, Cristina E.; Martin, Nicholas A.; Cassidy, Nathan; Kazakova, Olga] Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England. [Lartsev, Arseniy] Chalmers, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Cassidy, Nathan] Univ Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. [Myers-Ward, Rachael L.; Gaskill, D. Kurt] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kazakova, O (reprint author), Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England. EM olga.kazakova@npl.co.uk OI Panchal, Vishal/0000-0003-3954-8535 FU EC [CNECT-ICT-604391]; EMRP under project GraphOhm [117359]; NMS under IRD Graphene Project [118616]; Office of Naval Research FX Authors acknowledge support of EC grants Graphene Flagship (No. CNECT-ICT-604391), EMRP under project GraphOhm (No. 117359) and NMS under the IRD Graphene Project (No. 118616). Work at the US Naval Research Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The authors are grateful to Ivan Rungger and David Carey for useful discussions. Reproduced with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. NR 55 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 14 U2 26 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2053-1583 J9 2D MATER JI 2D Mater. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 3 IS 1 AR 015006 DI 10.1088/2053-1583/3/1/015006 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DJ1AU UT WOS:000373936300026 ER PT J AU Fritts, DC Smith, RB Taylor, MJ Doyle, JD Eckermann, SD Dornbrack, A Rapp, M Williams, BP Pautet, PD Bossert, K Criddle, NR Reynolds, CA Reinecke, PA Uddstrom, M Revell, MJ Turner, R Kaifler, B Wagner, JS Mixa, T Kruse, CG Nugent, AD Watson, CD Gisinger, S Smith, SM Lieberman, RS Laughman, B Moore, JJ Brown, WO Haggerty, JA Rockwell, A Stossmeister, GJ Williams, SF Hernandez, G Murphy, DJ Klekociuk, AR Reid, IM Ma, J AF Fritts, David C. Smith, Ronald B. Taylor, Michael J. Doyle, James D. Eckermann, Stephen D. Doernbrack, Andreas Rapp, Markus Williams, Bifford P. Pautet, P. -Dominique Bossert, Katrina Criddle, Neal R. Reynolds, Carolyn A. Reinecke, P. Alex Uddstrom, Michael Revell, Michael J. Turner, Richard Kaifler, Bernd Wagner, Johannes S. Mixa, Tyler Kruse, Christopher G. Nugent, Alison D. Watson, Campbell D. Gisinger, Sonja Smith, Steven M. Lieberman, Ruth S. Laughman, Brian Moore, James J. Brown, William O. Haggerty, Julie A. Rockwell, Alison Stossmeister, Gregory J. Williams, Steven F. Hernandez, Gonzalo Murphy, Damian J. Klekociuk, Andrew R. Reid, Iain M. Ma, Jun TI The Deep Propagating Gravity Wave Experiment (DEEPWAVE): An Airborne and Ground-Based Exploration of Gravity Wave Propagation and Effects from Their Sources throughout the Lower and Middle Atmosphere SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DOPPLER-SPREAD PARAMETERIZATION; POLAR STRATOSPHERIC CLOUDS; DIRECTIONAL WIND SHEAR; MOMENTUM FLUX; MOUNTAIN WAVES; LOWER THERMOSPHERE; RADAR OBSERVATIONS; JET-STREAM; MU-RADAR; RADIOSONDE OBSERVATIONS AB The Deep Propagating Gravity Wave Experiment (DEEPWAVE) was designed to quantify gravity wave (GW) dynamics and effects from orographic and other sources to regions of dissipation at high altitudes. The core DEEPWAVE field phase took place from May through July 2014 using a comprehensive suite of airborne and ground-based instruments providing measurements from Earth's surface to similar to 100 km. Austral winter was chosen to observe deep GW propagation to high altitudes. DEEPWAVE was based on South Island, New Zealand, to provide access to the New Zealand and Tasmanian "hotspots" of GW activity and additional GW sources over the Southern Ocean and Tasman Sea. To observe GWs up to similar to 100 km, DEEPWAVE utilized three new instruments built specifically for the National Science Foundation (NSF)/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Gulfstream V (GV): a Rayleigh lidar, a sodium resonance lidar, and an advanced mesosphere temperature mapper. These measurements were supplemented by in situ probes, dropsondes, and a microwave temperature profiler on the GV and by in situ probes and a Doppler lidar aboard the German DLR Falcon. Extensive ground-based instrumentation and radiosondes were deployed on South Island, Tasmania, and Southern Ocean islands. Deep orographic GWs were a primary target but multiple flights also observed deep GWs arising from deep convection, jet streams, and frontal systems. Highlights include the following: 1) strong orographic GW forcing accompanying strong cross-mountain flows, 2) strong high-altitude responses even when orographic forcing was weak, 3) large-scale GWs at high altitudes arising from jet stream sources, and 4) significant flight-level energy fluxes and often very large momentum fluxes at high altitudes. C1 [Fritts, David C.; Williams, Bifford P.; Bossert, Katrina; Mixa, Tyler; Lieberman, Ruth S.; Laughman, Brian] GATS Inc, Boulder, CO USA. [Smith, Ronald B.; Kruse, Christopher G.; Nugent, Alison D.; Watson, Campbell D.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. [Taylor, Michael J.; Pautet, P. -Dominique; Criddle, Neal R.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Doyle, James D.; Reynolds, Carolyn A.; Reinecke, P. Alex] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Eckermann, Stephen D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Doernbrack, Andreas; Rapp, Markus; Kaifler, Bernd; Wagner, Johannes S.; Gisinger, Sonja] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Munich, Germany. [Uddstrom, Michael; Revell, Michael J.; Turner, Richard] NIWA, Auckland, New Zealand. [Smith, Ronald B.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Moore, James J.; Brown, William O.; Haggerty, Julie A.; Rockwell, Alison; Stossmeister, Gregory J.; Williams, Steven F.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Earth Observing Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Hernandez, Gonzalo] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Murphy, Damian J.; Klekociuk, Andrew R.] Australian Antarctic Div, Kingston, Tas, Australia. [Reid, Iain M.] Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Ma, Jun] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA USA. RP Fritts, DC (reprint author), Boulder GATS Inc, 3360 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. EM dave@gats-inc.com RI Klekociuk, Andrew/A-4498-2015; OI Klekociuk, Andrew/0000-0003-3335-0034; Hernandez, Gonzalo/0000-0003-4245-8696; Gisinger, Sonja/0000-0001-8188-4458; Reynolds, Carolyn/0000-0003-4690-4171; Kruse, Christopher/0000-0001-9808-8167 FU NSF [AGS-1261619, AGS-1338646, AGS-1338655, AGS-1061892, AGS-1338666, AGS-1338309, AGS-1343097, AGS-1338557]; NCAR/EOL; NRL; DLR; NIWA; AAD; New Zealand MET Service; PAE Ltd.; ECMWF; NOAA-NCEP; NRL Base Program [PE 0601153N] FX The DEEPWAVE program was made possible through financial and/or in-kind support from many U.S. and international organizations, including NSF, NCAR/EOL, NRL, DLR, NIWA, AAD, the New Zealand MET Service, PAE Ltd., ECMWF, and NOAA-NCEP. Many individuals also contributed greatly in various ways (see appendix D). Financial support for U.S. participants was provided by NSF under Grants AGS-1261619 and AGS-1338646 (GATS); AGS-1338655 (Yale University); AGS-1061892 and AGS-1338666 (Utah State University); AGS-1338309 and AGS-1343097 (Boston University); and AGS-1338557 (CPI). The NRL investigators (Doyle, Eckermann, Reinecke, and Reynolds) are supported by the Chief of Naval Research through the NRL Base Program (PE 0601153N). We are indebted to Kerry Chuck and Phil Ambler for their very able assistance with airport logistics in Christchurch and to John Robinson and his very helpful NIWA staff at Lauder. NR 135 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 10 U2 19 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 97 IS 3 BP 425 EP 453 DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00269.1 PG 29 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DI9DY UT WOS:000373803000001 ER PT J AU Carness, JM Winchester, JC Oras, MJ Arora, NS AF Carness, Jeffrey M. Winchester, Jonathan C. Oras, Michael J. Arora, Navin S. TI Night of the Living Thrips: An Unusual Outbreak of Thysanoptera Dermatitis SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID BITES AB Identifying the etiology of a cutaneous eruption in the setting of an acute cluster outbreak is of utmost importance due to the inherent potential public health impact. The differential diagnosis ranges from innocuous arthropod bites to more concerning causes such as infection, medication reaction, and environmental exposure. We report the simultaneous presentation of 15 US Marines who presented with numerous discrete papular skin eruptions. Subsequent thorough patient evaluation and history, literature review, immunization status reconciliation, entomological assessment, site survey, and skin biopsy were performed. This case series is one of the largest reported to date of a cluster outbreak of a papular dermatitis secondary to bites from thrips (ie, insects of the order Thysanoptera). C1 [Carness, Jeffrey M.] Marine Corps Base Hawaii, Fleet Marine Force, Dept Navy, Radio Battal 3, Kaneohe, HI USA. [Winchester, Jonathan C.; Oras, Michael J.] Dept Navy, Navy Environm Prevent Med Unit 6, Honolulu, HI USA. [Arora, Navin S.] Juva Skin & Laser Ctr, New York, NY USA. RP Carness, JM (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Anesthesia, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM jeffrey.carness@med.navy.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI PARSIPPANY PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA SN 0011-4162 EI 2326-6929 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAR PY 2016 VL 97 IS 3 BP E13 EP E16 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA DJ1DD UT WOS:000373942600005 PM 27023090 ER PT J AU Wolfe, D Larraza, A Garcia, A AF Wolfe, David Larraza, Andres Garcia, Alejandro TI A horizontal vane radiometer: Experiment, theory, and simulation SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article AB The existence of two motive forces on a Crookes radiometer has complicated the investigation of either force independently. The thermal creep shear force in particular has been subject to differing interpretations of the direction in which it acts and its order of magnitude. In this article, we provide a horizontal vane radiometer design which isolates the thermal creep shear force. The horizontal vane radiometer is explored through experiment, kinetic theory, and the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. The qualitative agreement between the three methods of investigation is good except for a dependence of the force on the width of the vane even when the temperature gradient is narrower than the vane which is present in the DSMC method results but not in the theory. The experimental results qualitatively resemble the theory in this regard. The quantitative agreement between the three methods of investigation is better than an order of magnitude in the cases examined. The theory is closer to the experimental values for narrow vanes and the simulations are closer to the experimental values for the wide vanes. We find that the thermal creep force acts from the hot side to the cold side of the vane. We also find the peak in the radiometer's angular speed as a function of pressure is explained as much by the behavior of the drag force as by the behavior of the thermal creep force. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Wolfe, David; Larraza, Andres] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. [Garcia, Alejandro] San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Jose, CA 95152 USA. RP Larraza, A (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. EM larraza@nps.edu NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 EI 1089-7666 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD MAR PY 2016 VL 28 IS 3 AR 037103 DI 10.1063/1.4943543 PG 13 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA DI6HU UT WOS:000373600600058 ER PT J AU Wirtz, JJ AF Wirtz, James J. TI The Global Village Myth: Distance, War, and the Limits of Power SO POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Wirtz, James J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Wirtz, JJ (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0032-3195 EI 1538-165X J9 POLIT SCI QUART JI Polit. Sci. Q. PD SPR PY 2016 VL 131 IS 1 BP 164 EP 166 DI 10.1002/polq.12464 PG 3 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA DI8EX UT WOS:000373735300007 ER PT J AU Frumkin, K Lanker, M AF Frumkin, Kenneth Lanker, Michael TI Suspected esophageal coin-look again SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FOREIGN-BODIES; MANAGEMENT; BATTERY; INGESTIONS AB A 4-year-old presented to the emergency department, asymptomatic, with the strong suspicion (by history, physical examination, and initial radiographic interpretation by the emergency physician) of an esophageal coin. Closer inspection revealed radiographic signs associated with disk battery ingestion, a surgical emergency. In the operating room superimposed coins, mimicking the radiographic appearance of a disk (button) battery, were extracted. This case highlights the important management differences between ingested coins and batteries, the need for cautious interpretation of radiographs, and presents a rare mimic of a serious ingestion. C1 [Frumkin, Kenneth; Lanker, Michael] Naval Med Ctr, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Frumkin, K (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM kenneth.frumkin.civ@mail.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0735-6757 EI 1532-8171 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 34 IS 3 AR 680.e3 DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2015.06.064 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA DI4TB UT WOS:000373491100087 PM 26206244 ER PT J AU Guillemot, L Smith, DA Laffon, H Janssen, GH Cognard, I Theureau, G Desvignes, G Ferrara, EC Ray, PS AF Guillemot, L. Smith, D. A. Laffon, H. Janssen, G. H. Cognard, I. Theureau, G. Desvignes, G. Ferrara, E. C. Ray, P. S. TI The gamma-ray millisecond pulsar deathline, revisited New velocity and distance measurements SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: stars; pulsars: general; parallaxes ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; RADIO TELESCOPE; NEUTRON-STAR; EMISSION; CATALOG; PULSATIONS; EVOLUTION; DISCOVERY AB Context. Millisecond pulsars (MSPs) represent nearly half of the more than 160 currently known gamma-ray pulsars detected by the Large Area Telescope on the Fermi satellite, and a third of all known MSPs are seen in gamma rays. The least energetic gamma-ray MSPs enable us to probe the so-called deathline for high-energy emission, i.e., the spin-down luminosity limit under which pulsars (PSRs) cease to produce detectable high-energy radiation. Characterizing the MSP luminosity distribution helps to determine their contribution to the Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission. Aims. Because of the Shklovskii effect, precise proper motion and distance measurements are key ingredients for determining the spin-down luminosities of MSPs accurately. Our aim is to obtain new measurements of these parameters for gamma-ray MSPs when possible, and clarify the relationship between the gamma-ray luminosity of pulsars and their spin-down luminosity. Detecting low spin-down luminosity pulsars in gamma rays and characterizing their spin properties is also particularly interesting for constraining the deathline for high-energy emission. Methods. We made use of the high-quality pulsar timing data recorded at the Nancay Radio Telescope over several years to characterize the properties of a selection of MSPs. For one of the pulsars, the dataset was complemented with Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope observations. The rotation ephemerides derived from this analysis were also used to search the LAT data for new gamma-ray MSPs. Results. For the MSPs considered in this study, we obtained new transverse proper motion measurements or updated the existing ones, and placed new distance constraints for some of them, with four new timing parallax measurements. We discovered significant GeV gamma-ray signals from four MSPs, i.e., PSRs J0740+6620, J0931-1902, J1455-3330, and J1730-2304. The latter is now the least energetic gamma-ray pulsar found to date. Despite the improved (E) over dot and L gamma estimates, the relationship between these two quantities remains unclear, especially at low (E) over dot values. C1 [Guillemot, L.; Cognard, I.; Theureau, G.] Univ Orleans, Lab Phys & Chim Environm & Espace, CNRS, F-45071 Orleans 02, France. [Guillemot, L.; Cognard, I.; Theureau, G.] CNRS INSU, Observ Paris, Stn Radioastron Nancay, F-18330 Nancay, France. [Smith, D. A.; Laffon, H.] Univ Bordeaux 1, IN2P3 CNRS, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, BP 120, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Janssen, G. H.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, Postbus 2 AA, NL-7990 Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Desvignes, G.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Ferrara, E. C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ray, P. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Guillemot, L (reprint author), Univ Orleans, Lab Phys & Chim Environm & Espace, CNRS, F-45071 Orleans 02, France.; Guillemot, L (reprint author), CNRS INSU, Observ Paris, Stn Radioastron Nancay, F-18330 Nancay, France.; Smith, DA; Laffon, H (reprint author), Univ Bordeaux 1, IN2P3 CNRS, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, BP 120, F-33175 Gradignan, France. EM lucas.guillemot@cnrs-orleans.fr; smith@cenbg.in2p3.fr; laffon@cenbg.in2p3.fr OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 FU Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France; Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research (NWO) FX We thank Cees Bassa for helpful discussions and constructive suggestions. The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. The Nancay Radio Observatory is operated by the Paris Observatory, associated with the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). The Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope is operated by the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON) with support from The Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research (NWO). NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 587 AR A109 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201527847 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DF8EK UT WOS:000371589800120 ER PT J AU Curtin, W Arias-Monje, PJ Dominguez, C Phillips, J Luhrs, CC AF Curtin, William Arias-Monje, Pedro J. Dominguez, Charliean Phillips, Jonathan Luhrs, Claudia C. TI Scaling up the Fabrication of Mechanically-Robust Carbon Nanofiber Foams SO FIBERS LA English DT Article DE carbon foam; carbon nanofibers ID ETHYLENE-OXYGEN MIXTURES; HIGH-YIELD PURIFICATION; THIN-FILMS; PALLADIUM-CATALYSTS; NANOTUBES; OXIDATION; PLATINUM; GRAPHENE; GROWTH; EXFOLIATION AB This work aimed to identify and address the main challenges associated with fabricating large samples of carbon foams composed of interwoven networks of carbon nanofibers. Solutions to two difficulties related with the process of fabricating carbon foams, maximum foam size and catalyst cost, were developed. First, a simple physical method was invented to scale-up the constrained formation of fibrous nanostructures process (CoFFiN) to fabricate relatively large foams. Specifically, a gas deflector system capable of maintaining conditions supportive of carbon nanofiber foam growth throughout a relatively large mold was developed. ANSYS CFX models were used to simulate the gas flow paths with and without deflectors; the data generated proved to be a very useful tool for the deflector design. Second, a simple method for selectively leaching the Pd catalyst material trapped in the foam during growth was successfully tested. Multiple techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, surface area measurements, and mechanical testing, were employed to characterize the foams generated in this study. All results confirmed that the larger foam samples preserve the basic characteristics: their interwoven nanofiber microstructure forms a low-density tridimensional solid with viscoelastic behavior. Fiber growth mechanisms are also discussed. Larger samples of mechanically-robust carbon nanofiber foams will enable the use of these materials as strain sensors, shock absorbers, selective absorbents for environmental remediation and electrodes for energy storage devices, among other applications. C1 [Curtin, William; Dominguez, Charliean; Luhrs, Claudia C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Arias-Monje, Pedro J.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Ingn Quim & Ambiental, Bogota 111321, Colombia. [Phillips, Jonathan] Naval Postgrad Sch, Energy Acad Grp, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Luhrs, CC (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM wcurtin@nps.edu; pjariasm@unal.edu.co; cndoming@nps.edu; jphillip@nps.edu; ccluhrs@nps.edu NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2079-6439 J9 FIBERS JI Fibers PD MAR PY 2016 VL 4 IS 1 DI 10.3390/fib4010009 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA DI6HY UT WOS:000373601000002 ER PT J AU Yoritomo, JY Weaver, RL Roux, P Rupin, M Williams, EG AF Yoritomo, John Y. Weaver, Richard L. Roux, Philippe Rupin, Matthieu Williams, Earl G. TI On band gap predictions for multiresonant metamaterials on plates (L) SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB Recently wide frequency band gaps were observed in an experimental realization of a multiresonant metamaterial for Lamb waves propagating in thin plates. The band gaps rose from hybridization between the flexural plate (A(0) Lamb waves) and longitudinal resonances in rods attached perpendicularly. Shortly thereafter a theory based on considering a one-dimensional periodic array of rods and the scattering matrix for a single rod successfully described the observations. This letter presents an alternative simpler theory, arguably accurate at high rod density, that treats the full two-dimensional array of rods and makes no assumption of periodicity. This theory also fits the measurements. (c) 2016 Acoustical Society of America. C1 [Yoritomo, John Y.; Weaver, Richard L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Roux, Philippe] Univ Grenoble 1, ISTerre, Boite Postale 53, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France. [Rupin, Matthieu] Univ Rech Paris Sci & Lettres, Ecole Super Phys & Chim Ind Ville Paris, Inst Langevin, 1 Rue Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France. [Rupin, Matthieu] Univ Rech Paris Sci & Lettres, CNRS, UMR 7587, 1 Rue Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France. [Williams, Earl G.] Naval Res Lab, Acoust Div, Code 7106,4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yoritomo, JY (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM yoritom2@illinois.edu RI Rupin, Matthieu/P-2758-2015; roux, philippe/B-8538-2014 OI Rupin, Matthieu/0000-0002-7716-1975; FU NSF [EAR12-15824]; Office of Naval Research FX The work of J.Y.Y. was supported by NSF Grant No. EAR12-15824. The work of E.G.W. was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 13 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 139 IS 3 BP 1282 EP 1284 DI 10.1121/1.4944686 PG 3 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA DI6XT UT WOS:000373644200034 PM 27036264 ER PT J AU Reeve, SF Johnson, JS Marshall, R AF Reeve, Shannon F. Johnson, Jamie S. Marshall, Robin TI Urine Test Strips as a Bedside Diagnostic Aid to Rule out Blood in CSF: A Validation SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; LUMBAR PUNCTURE AB Introduction: Patients presenting to the emergency department with acute-onset, atypical headaches require an evaluation for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The standard evaluation for SAH includes noncontrast computed tomography of the head and, if negative, a lumbar puncture to determine the presence of blood in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In austere environments without full laboratory capabilities, a rapid bedside diagnostic test allowing clinicians to rule out SAH would reduce costly transfers of patients requiring further evaluation. CSF samples obtained while evaluating patients for potential SAH were tested with the blood panel of Bayer Multistix urine test strips. Methods: We compared the test strip color change to the number of red blood cells per high power field found on laboratory analysis of the CSF. Results: The sensitivity of the Multistix for detecting red blood cells in the CSF was 100%, with a specificity of 56%. The positive predictive value was 37%, and the negative predictive value was 100%. Conclusion: These results are encouraging and may form the basis for potential use of urine test strips as a tool to rule out subarachnoid blood in austere environments, but the test strips' low specificity limits their usefulness as a practical clinical tool at this time. C1 [Reeve, Shannon F.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Johnson, Jamie S.] Naval Hosp Camp Lejeune, Dept Emergency Med, 100 Brewster Blvd, Camp Lejeune, NC 28547 USA. [Marshall, Robin] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Reeve, SF (reprint author), Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 181 IS 3 BP 199 EP 201 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00021 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DI3NJ UT WOS:000373405100012 PM 26926742 ER PT J AU Oliveira, L Lawrence, M AF Oliveira, Lauren Lawrence, Matthew TI Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Intravenous Access Program for Emergency Physicians, Nurses, and Corpsmen (Technicians) at a Military Hospital SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; BASILIC VEIN CANNULATION; DIFFICULT-ACCESS; DEPARTMENT PATIENTS; VASCULAR ACCESS; ED TECHNICIANS; GUIDANCE; PLACEMENT; OPERATOR; LINES AB Background: Peripheral intravenous (PIV) access is a common procedure in the emergency department (ED). However, conditions such as obesity and hypovolemia can often make access difficult by the traditional landmark technique. The use of ultrasonography has improved the success of PIV placement in this setting. Objectives: A novel Ultrasound (US)-Guided PIV Access program was initiated in our ED to train emergency nurses, U.S. Navy corpsmen, and physicians. Methods: This was an observational study of emergency providers performing US-guided PIV placement. After a training session, all ED providers began utilizing the US for difficult intravenous access patients. All complications, location of access, and previous experience level were recorded. The choice of a transverse, longitudinal, or a combination approach was also recorded. Results: We did not observe significant differences in ability with US-guided PIV access when comparing success rates between emergency physicians, nurses, and technicians (p = 0.13). In the novice user, a transverse or a novel combination of a transverse and longitudinal method appears to be the most successful. Conclusion: ED physicians, nurses, and corpsmen can successfully place US-guided peripheral catheters for venous access. Developing a training program for emergency providers in US-guided venous cannulation is feasible and safe. C1 [Oliveira, Lauren; Lawrence, Matthew] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Oliveira, L (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 181 IS 3 BP 272 EP 276 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00056 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DI3NJ UT WOS:000373405100023 PM 26926753 ER PT J AU Pusateri, AE Given, MB Macdonald, VW Homer, MJ AF Pusateri, Anthony E. Given, Michael B. Macdonald, Victor W. Homer, Mary J. TI Comprehensive US government program for dried plasma development SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-DONOR PLASMA; MASSIVE TRANSFUSION; COMBAT; MULTICENTER; OPERATIONS; MORTALITY; PRODUCT; QUALITY; RATIO; FIELD AB Transfusion of plasma early after severe injury has been associated with improved survival. There are significant logistic factors that limit the ability to deliver plasma where needed in austere environments, such as the battlefield or during a significant civilian emergency. While some countries have access to more logistically supportable dried plasma, there is no such product approved for use in the United States. There is a clear need for a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved dried plasma for military and emergency-preparedness uses, as well as for civilian use in remote or austere settings. The Department of Defense (DoD) and Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority are sponsoring development of three dried plasma products, incorporating different technologic approaches and business models. At the same time, the DoD is sponsoring prospective, randomized clinical studies on the prehospital use of plasma. These efforts are part of a coordinated program to provide a dried plasma for military and civilian applications and to produce additional information on plasma use so that, by the time we have an FDA-approved dried plasma, we will better understand how to use it. C1 [Pusateri, Anthony E.] US Army Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Given, Michael B.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. [Macdonald, Victor W.] US Army Med Mat Command, US Army Med Mat Dev Act, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Homer, Mary J.] US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Biomed Adv Res & Dev Author, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, Washington, DC USA. RP Pusateri, AE (reprint author), US Army Med Res & Mat Command, Combat Casualty Care Res Program, 504 Scott St,Bldg 722, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM anthony.e.pusateri.civ@mail.mil NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 EI 1537-2995 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD MAR PY 2016 VL 56 SU 1 SI SI BP S16 EP S23 DI 10.1111/trf.13331 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA DI2YJ UT WOS:000373364800003 PM 27001356 ER PT J AU Cress, CD Schmucker, SW Friedman, AL Dev, P Culbertson, JC Lyding, JW Robinson, JT AF Cress, Cory D. Schmucker, Scott W. Friedman, Adam L. Dev, Pratibha Culbertson, James C. Lyding, Joseph W. Robinson, Jeremy T. TI Nitrogen-Doped Graphene and Twisted Bilayer Graphene via Hyperthermal Ion Implantation with Depth Control SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE graphene; hyperthermal ion implantation (HyTII); nitrogen doping N-graphene; twisted bilayer graphene (TBG); Raman ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; DER-WAALS SOLIDS; MONOLAYER GRAPHENE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; INDUCED DEFECTS; ENERGY; TRANSPORT; APPROXIMATION; SEGREGATION; IRRADIATION AB We investigate hyperthermal ion implantation (HyTII) as a means for substitutionally doping layered materials such as graphene. In particular, this systematic study characterizes the efficacy of substitutional N-doping of graphene using HyTII over an N+ energy range of 25-100 eV. Scanning tunneling microscopy results establish the incorporation of N substituents into the graphene lattice during HyTII processing. We illustrate the differences in evolution of the characteristic Raman peaks following incremental doses of N+. We use the ratios of the integrated D and D' peaks, I(D)/I(D') to assess the N+ energy-dependent doping efficacy, which shows a strong correlation with previously reported molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results and a peak doping efficiency regime ranging between approximately 30 and 50 eV. We also demonstrate the inherent monolayer depth control of the HyTII process, thereby establishing a unique advantage over other less-specific methods for doping. We achieve this by implementing twisted bilayer graphene (TBG), with one layer of isotopically enriched C-13 and one layer of natural C-12 graphene, and modify only the top layer of the TBG sample. By assessing the effects of N-HyTII processing, we uncover dose-dependent shifts in the transfer characteristics consistent with electron doping and we find dose-dependent electronic localization that manifests in low-temperature magnetotransport measurements. C1 [Cress, Cory D.; Culbertson, James C.; Robinson, Jeremy T.] US Navy, Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schmucker, Scott W.; Dev, Pratibha] US Navy, Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Friedman, Adam L.] US Navy, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dev, Pratibha] Howard Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Lyding, Joseph W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Lyding, Joseph W.] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Cress, CD (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM cory.cress@nrl.navy.mil RI Friedman, Adam/D-9610-2011; Schmucker, Scott/D-8312-2012; OI Friedman, Adam/0000-0003-0597-5432; Schmucker, Scott/0000-0003-2908-5282; Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU Office of Naval Research; U.S. Government; National Research Council Associateship Awards at the Naval Research Laboratory FX We acknowledge financial support of this research from the Office of Naval Research 6.1 Base Funding and the U.S. Government. This research was performed while S.W.S. and P.D. held National Research Council Associateship Awards at the Naval Research Laboratory. We thank J. Mann for HyTII system development, and M. Yakes for fruitful discussions. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 21 U2 68 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD MAR PY 2016 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3714 EP 3722 DI 10.1021/acsnano.6b00252 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DH5TR UT WOS:000372855400076 PM 26910346 ER PT J AU Diaz, SA Buckhout-White, S Ancona, MG Spillmann, CM Goldman, ER Melinger, JS Medintz, IL AF Diaz, Sebastian A. Buckhout-White, Susan Ancona, Mario G. Spillmann, Christopher M. Goldman, Ellen R. Melinger, Joseph S. Medintz, Igor L. TI Extending DNA-Based Molecular Photonic Wires with Homogeneous Forster Resonance Energy Transfer SO ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE DNA nanostructures; homogeneous FRET; FRET; molecular photonic wires ID PYRENE-PERYLENE; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; WAVE-GUIDES; FRET PAIRS; FLUORESCENCE; ASSEMBLIES; SCAFFOLDS; TRANSPORT; COMPLEX; RELAYS AB Molecular photonic wires (MPWs) precisely position dyes using structural DNA methodologies where they exploit Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) to direct photonic energy over nm distances with potential applications in light harvesting, biosensing, and molecular electronics. Although versatile, the number of donor-acceptor dye pairs available and the downhill nature of FRET combine to limit the size and efficiency of current MPWs. HomoFRET between identical dyes should provide zero energy loss but at the cost of random transfer directionality. Here, it has been investigated what HomoFRET has to offer as a means to extend MPWs. Steady-state-, lifetime-, and fluorescence anisotropy measurements along with mathematical models are utilized to experimentally examine various 3-, 4-, and 5-dye MPW constructs containing from 1 to 6 HomoFRET repeat sections. Results show that HomoFRET can be extended up to 6 repeat dyes/5 steps with only a approximate to 55% energy transfer efficiency decrease while doubling the longest MPW length to a remarkable 30 nm. Critically, analogous constructs lacking the HomoFRET portion are unable to deliver any energy over the same lengths. Even with nondirectionality, the introduction of a repeated-optimized HomoFRET transfer dye is preferable compared to additional less efficient dye species. HomoFRET further provides the benefit of having a higher energy output. C1 [Diaz, Sebastian A.; Buckhout-White, Susan; Spillmann, Christopher M.; Goldman, Ellen R.; Medintz, Igor L.] US Navy, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ancona, Mario G.; Melinger, Joseph S.] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Code 6800, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil OI Diaz, Sebastian/0000-0002-5568-0512 FU NRL FX S.A.D. acknowledges an ASEE post-doctoral fellowship through NRL. The authors acknowledge the NRL Nanosciences Institute and DTRA JSTO MIPR # B112582M. NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 22 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 2195-1071 J9 ADV OPT MATER JI Adv. Opt. Mater. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 4 IS 3 BP 399 EP 412 DI 10.1002/adom.201500554 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA DH9GV UT WOS:000373105300007 ER PT J AU Fang, K Uhan, NA Zhao, F Sutherland, JW AF Fang, Kan Uhan, Nelson A. Zhao, Fu Sutherland, John W. TI Scheduling on a single machine under time-of-use electricity tariffs SO ANNALS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Scheduling; Time-of-use tariff; Electricity cost; Dynamic speed scaling; Approximation algorithm ID ENERGY-CONSUMPTION; POWER-CONSUMPTION; CONSTRAINTS; ALGORITHMS; REDUCTION AB We consider the problem of scheduling jobs on a single machine to minimize the total electricity cost of processing these jobs under time-of-use electricity tariffs. For the uniform-speed case, in which all jobs have arbitrary power demands and must be processed at a single uniform speed, we prove that the non-preemptive version of this problem is inapproximable within a constant factor unless P = NP. On the other hand, when all the jobs have the same workload and the electricity prices follow a so-called pyramidal structure, we show that this problem can be solved in polynomial time. For the speed-scalable case, in which jobs can be processed at an arbitrary speed with a trade-off between speed and power demand, we show that the non-preemptive version of the problem is strongly NP-hard. We also present different approximation algorithms for this case, and test the computational performance of these approximation algorithms on randomly generated instances. In addition, for both the uniform-speed and speed-scaling cases, we show how to compute optimal schedules for the preemptive version of the problem in polynomial time. C1 [Fang, Kan] Tianjin Univ, Coll Management & Econ, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China. [Uhan, Nelson A.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Zhao, Fu; Sutherland, John W.] Purdue Univ, Environm & Ecol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47904 USA. [Zhao, Fu] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47904 USA. RP Uhan, NA (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM kfang@tju.edu.cn; uhan@usna.edu; fzhao@purdue.edu; jwsuther@purdue.edu OI Fang, Kan/0000-0002-0847-6906 NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0254-5330 EI 1572-9338 J9 ANN OPER RES JI Ann. Oper. Res. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 238 IS 1-2 BP 199 EP 227 DI 10.1007/s10479-015-2003-5 PG 29 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA DI0ZJ UT WOS:000373225500009 ER PT J AU Kuersten, A AF Kuersten, Andreas TI Strategic Reassurance and Resolve: US-China Relations in the Twenty-First Century SO CHINA QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Kuersten, Andreas] US Court Appeals Armed Forces, Washington, DC 20442 USA. [Kuersten, Andreas] NOAA, Washington, DC USA. [Kuersten, Andreas] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. [Kuersten, Andreas] US Air Force, Washington, DC USA. RP Kuersten, A (reprint author), US Court Appeals Armed Forces, Washington, DC 20442 USA. EM andreas.kuersten@armfor.uscourts.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0305-7410 EI 1468-2648 J9 CHINA QUART JI China Q. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 225 BP 264 EP 266 DI 10.1017/S0305741016000096 PG 3 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA DH5FY UT WOS:000372812700019 ER PT J AU Walters, L Campbell, D Sacks, P Jachec, S Conley, J Garvis, S AF Walters, L. Campbell, D. Sacks, P. Jachec, S. Conley, J. Garvis, S. TI Where have all the oysters gone? SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2016 CL Portland, OR SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 Univ Cent FL, Orlando, FL USA. Winter Springs High Sch, Winter Springs, FL USA. US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM linda.walters@ucf.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 56 SU 1 MA P2.2 BP E388 EP E388 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DH0FJ UT WOS:000372457601911 ER PT J AU Johnson, WB AF Johnson, W. Brad TI Challenging Clinically Salient Religion: The Art of Respectful Confrontation SO SPIRITUALITY IN CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Johnson, W. Brad] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Johnson, WB (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Leadership Eth & Law, Luce Hall,Stop 7B, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM johnsonb@usna.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 2326-4500 EI 2326-4519 J9 SPIRITUAL CLIN PRACT JI Spiritual. Clin. Pract. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 3 IS 1 BP 10 EP 13 DI 10.1037/scp0000099 PG 4 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA DH5HQ UT WOS:000372817600003 ER PT J AU Ajello, M Albert, A Atwood, WB Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonino, R Bottacini, E Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caputo, R Caragiulo, M Carave, PA Cecchi, C Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Conrad, J Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Desiante, R Di Venere, L Drell, PS Favuzzi, C Ferrara, EC Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Gomez-Vargas, GA Grenier, IA Guiriec, S Gustafsson, M Harding, AK Hewitt, JW Hill, AB Horan, D Jogler, T Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Kamae, T Karwin, C Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Larsson, S Latronico, L Li, J Li, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Magill, J Maldera, S Malyshev, D Manfreda, A Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Ritz, S Sanchez-Conde, M Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Spada, F Spandre, G Spinelli, P Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Thayer, JB Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Vianello, G Winer, BL Wood, KS Zaharijas, G Zimmer, S AF Ajello, M. Albert, A. Atwood, W. B. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonino, R. Bottacini, E. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caputo, R. Caragiulo, M. Carave, P. A. Cecchi, C. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Desiante, R. Di Venere, L. Drell, P. S. Favuzzi, C. Ferrara, E. C. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Gomez-Vargas, G. A. Grenier, I. A. Guiriec, S. Gustafsson, M. Harding, A. K. Hewitt, J. W. Hill, A. B. Horan, D. Jogler, T. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Kamae, T. Karwin, C. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Li, J. Li, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Magill, J. Maldera, S. Malyshev, D. Manfreda, A. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Ritz, S. Sanchez-Conde, M. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Spada, F. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Thayer, J. B. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Vianello, G. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Zaharijas, G. Zimmer, S. TI FERMI-LAT OBSERVATIONS OF HIGH-ENERGY gamma-RAY EMISSION TOWARD THE GALACTIC CENTER SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; Galaxy: center; gamma-rays: general; gamma-rays: ISM; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; RADIAL-DISTRIBUTION; DARK-MATTER; COSMIC-RAYS; SOURCE CATALOG; SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; EGRET OBSERVATIONS; OUTER GALAXY; CONSTRAINTS; GRADIENT AB The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) has provided the most detailed view to date of the emission toward the Galactic center (GC) in high-energy gamma-rays. This paper describes the analysis of data taken during the first 62 months of the mission in the energy range 1-100 GeV from a 15 degrees x 15 degrees region about the direction of the GC. Specialized interstellar emission models (IEMs) are constructed to enable the separation of the.-ray emissions produced by cosmic ray particles interacting with the interstellar gas and radiation fields in the Milky Way into that from the inner similar to 1 kpc surrounding the GC, and that from the rest of the Galaxy. A catalog of point sources for the 15 degrees x 15 degrees region is self-consistently constructed using these IEMs: the First Fermi-LAT Inner Galaxy Point Source Catalog (1FIG). The spatial locations, fluxes, and spectral properties of the 1FIG sources are presented, and compared with gamma-ray point sources over the same region taken from existing catalogs. After subtracting the interstellar emission and point-source contributions a residual is found. If templates that peak toward the GC are used to model the positive residual the agreement with the data improves, but none of the additional templates tried account for all of its spatial structure. The spectrum of the positive residual modeled with these templates has a strong dependence on the choice of IEM. C1 [Ajello, M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Albert, A.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Drell, P. S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Johnson, A. S.; Malyshev, D.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Albert, A.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Drell, P. S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Johnson, A. S.; Malyshev, D.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Caputo, R.; Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Caputo, R.; Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Zaharijas, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Zaharijas, G.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Chiaro, G.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bechtol, K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bechtol, K.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bellazzini, R.; Kuss, M.; Manfreda, A.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spada, F.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Caragiulo, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Desiante, R.; Latronico, L.; Maldera, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bonino, R.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Ferrara, E. C.; Guiriec, S.; Harding, A. K.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, F-34059 Montpellier, France. [Bruel, P.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Caliandro, G. A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Carave, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Rome, Italy. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Alballova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Li, L.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Zimmer, S.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, Alballova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.] Royal Swedish Acad Sci, Box 50005, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. [D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Gomez-Vargas, G. A.; Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Gomez-Vargas, G. A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Fis, Ave Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile. [Grenier, I. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Gustafsson, M.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Theoret Phys, Fac Phys, Friedrich Hund Pl 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Hewitt, J. W.] Univ N Florida, Dept Phys, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Hill, A. B.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, Dunhaga 3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Kamae, T.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Karwin, C.; Murgia, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Cosmol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Knoedlseder, J.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, GAHEC, Toulouse, France. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, Inst Space Sci IEEC, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Magill, J.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Magill, J.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mitthumsiri, W.] Mahidol Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Moiseev, A. A.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ohno, M.; Takahashi, H.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ormes, J. F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Razzano, M.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Siskind, E. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Smith, D. A.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Suson, D. J.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tajima, H.] 3-34-1 Nishi Ikebukuro,Toshima Ku, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. [Torres, D. F.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Uchiyama, Y.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Uchiyama, Y.] Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Winer, B. L.] Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Vipayska 13, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. RP Murgia, S; Porter, TA (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.; Porter, TA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Porter, TA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Murgia, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Cosmol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM smurgia@uci.edu; tporter@stanford.edu RI Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; OI Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Zaharijas, Gabrijela/0000-0001-8484-7791; Hill, Adam/0000-0003-3470-4834; Ajello, Marco/0000-0002-6584-1703 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; NASA [NNX 09AC15G, NNX 10AE78G, NNX 13AC47G] FX The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden.; GALPROP development is partially funded via NASA grants NNX 09AC15G, NNX 10AE78G, and NNX 13AC47G. NR 67 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 9 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 1 PY 2016 VL 819 IS 1 AR 44 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/819/1/44 PG 30 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DG7ZY UT WOS:000372303400044 ER PT J AU Cromartie, HT Camilo, F Kerr, M Deneva, JS Ransom, SM Ray, PS Ferrara, EC Michelson, PF Wood, KS AF Cromartie, H. T. Camilo, F. Kerr, M. Deneva, J. S. Ransom, S. M. Ray, P. S. Ferrara, E. C. Michelson, P. F. Wood, K. S. TI SIX NEW MILLISECOND PULSARS FROM ARECIBO SEARCHES OF FERMI GAMMA-RAY SOURCES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pulsars: individual (PSR J0251+26, PSR J1048+2339, PSR, J1805+06, PSR J1824+10, PSR J1909+21, PSR J2052+1218) ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; SOURCE CATALOG; BINARY; DETECTABILITY AB We have discovered six radio millisecond pulsars (MSPs) in a search with the Arecibo telescope of 34 unidentified gamma-ray sources from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) four year point source catalog. Among the 34 sources, we also detected two MSPs previously discovered elsewhere. Each source was observed at a center frequency of 327 MHz, typically at three epochs with individual integration times of 15 minutes. The new MSP spin periods range from 1.99 to 4.66 ms. Five of the six pulsars are in interacting compact binaries (period <= 8.1 hr), while the sixth is a more typical neutron star-white dwarf binary with an 83 day orbital period. This is a higher proportion of interacting binaries than for equivalent Fermi-LAT searches elsewhere. The reason is that Arecibo's large gain afforded us the opportunity to limit integration times to 15 minutes, which significantly increased our sensitivity to these highly accelerated systems. Seventeen of the remaining 26 gamma-ray sources are still categorized as strong MSP candidates, and will be re-searched. C1 [Cromartie, H. T.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Camilo, F.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Kerr, M.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Deneva, J. S.; Ray, P. S.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ransom, S. M.] NRAO, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Ferrara, E. C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Michelson, P. F.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Michelson, P. F.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Cromartie, HT (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. EM thankful@virginia.edu OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 FU Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France; Fermi LAT Collaboration FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the KA Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 1 PY 2016 VL 819 IS 1 AR 34 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/819/1/34 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DG7ZY UT WOS:000372303400034 ER PT J AU Gaudet, V Butler, JT Wille, R Homma, N AF Gaudet, Vincent Butler, Jon T. Wille, Robert Homma, Naofumi TI Emerging Topics in Multiple-Valued Logic and Its Applications SO IEEE JOURNAL ON EMERGING AND SELECTED TOPICS IN CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Gaudet, Vincent] Univ Waterloo, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Butler, Jon T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Wille, Robert] Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Dept Comp Sci, A-4040 Linz, Austria. [Homma, Naofumi] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Informat Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan. RP Gaudet, V (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3357 J9 IEEE J EM SEL TOP C PD MAR PY 2016 VL 6 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1109/JETCAS.2016.2529507 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DH2ZM UT WOS:000372656300001 ER PT J AU Gomez-Garcia, R Guyette, AC Psychogiou, D Naglich, EJ Peroulis, D AF Gomez-Garcia, Roberto Guyette, Andrew C. Psychogiou, Dimitra Naglich, Eric J. Peroulis, Dimitrios TI Quasi-Elliptic Multi-Band Filters With Center-Frequency and Bandwidth Tunability SO IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Bandpass filters (BPFs); coupled-resonator filters; dual-band filters; microstrip filters; microwave filters; multi-band filters; non-resonating node (NRN); planar filters; reconfigurable filters; transmission zero (TZ); tunable filters ID STEPPED-IMPEDANCE RESONATORS AB A class of tunable multi-band bandpass filters (BPFs) that is based on a quasi-bandpass topology is presented. Unlike other approaches, it features a quasi-elliptic-type filtering response with controllable passbands in terms of center frequency and bandwidth. Additional transmission zeros (TZs) are produced through cross couplings that are introduced between adjacent quasi-bandpass sections through their non-resonating nodes (NRNs). These TZs are synchronously tuned with passband reconfiguration. The lack of direct interaction among the resonating nodes of this multi-band BPF architecture results in a transfer function with high tuning robustness. Furthermore, when compared to prior-art coupled-resonator multi-band BPF designs, a reduced number of inverters are needed when synthesizing a large number of transmission bands. For the first time, the coupling-matrix formalism of the engineered multi-band BPF is expounded. In addition, a microstrip dual-band BPF prototype with mechanically-variable capacitors is manufactured and characterized for experimental demonstration purposes. C1 [Gomez-Garcia, Roberto] Univ Alcala De Henares, Dept Signal Theory & Commun, Polytech Sch, Madrid 28871, Spain. [Guyette, Andrew C.; Naglich, Eric J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Psychogiou, Dimitra; Peroulis, Dimitrios] Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Gomez-Garcia, R (reprint author), Univ Alcala De Henares, Dept Signal Theory & Commun, Polytech Sch, Madrid 28871, Spain.; Guyette, AC; Naglich, EJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Psychogiou, D; Peroulis, D (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM roberto.gomez.garcia@ieee.org; andrew.guyette@nrl.navy.mil; pdimitra@purdue.edu; eric.naglich@nrl.navy.mil; dperouli@purdue.edu FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); National Science Foundation [1247893]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [TEC2014-54289-R] FX This research was developed with funding from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the National Science Foundation under Award 1247893, and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under Project TEC2014-54289-R. The views, opinions, and/or findings contained in this material are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official views or policies of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government (Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited). NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1531-1309 EI 1558-1764 J9 IEEE MICROW WIREL CO JI IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 26 IS 3 BP 192 EP 194 DI 10.1109/LMWC.2016.2526026 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DH2ON UT WOS:000372625800014 ER PT J AU Hardy, MT McConkie, TO Smith, DJ Storm, DF Downey, BP Katzer, DS Meyer, DJ Nepal, N AF Hardy, Matthew T. McConkie, Thomas O. Smith, David J. Storm, David F. Downey, Brian P. Katzer, D. Scott Meyer, David J. Nepal, Neeraj TI Morphological and microstructural stability of N-polar InAlN thin films grown on free-standing GaN substrates by molecular beam epitaxy SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID HETEROSTRUCTURES; TRANSISTORS; HEMTS AB The sensitivity of the surface morphology and microstructure of N-polar-oriented InAlN to variations in composition, temperature, and layer thickness for thin films grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PAMBE) has been investigated. Lateral compositional inhomogeneity is present in N-rich InAlN films grown at low temperature, and phase segregation is exacerbated with increasing InN fraction. A smooth, step-flow surface morphology and elimination of compositional inhomogeneity can be achieved at a growth temperature 50 degrees C above the onset of In evaporation (650 degrees C). A GaN/AlN/GaN/200-nm InAlN heterostructure had a sheet charge density of 1.7 x 10(13) cm(-2) and no degradation in mobility (1760 cm(2)/V s) relative to 15-nm-thick InAlN layers. Demonstration of thick-barrier high-electron-mobility transistors with good direct-current characteristics shows that device quality, thick InAlN layers can be successfully grown by PAMBE. (C) 2016 American Vacuum Society. C1 [Hardy, Matthew T.; Storm, David F.; Downey, Brian P.; Katzer, D. Scott; Meyer, David J.] Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [McConkie, Thomas O.; Smith, David J.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Nepal, Neeraj] Sotera Def Solut, 2200 Def Hwy Suite 405, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Hardy, MT (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM matthew.hardy.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; National Research Council; Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors Directorate Technical Task 261 [HC1047-05-D-4005] FX The authors thank Neil Green for assistance with sample preparation. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under funding from P. Maki. M. T. H. was supported by a National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellowship. The electron microscopy studies at ASU were supported under contract to Wyle Laboratories as part of Reliability Information Analysis Center Contract No. HC1047-05-D-4005 under the Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors Directorate Technical Task 261 ( monitor: Chris Bozada). T. O. M. and D. J. S. acknowledge the use of the facilities in the John M. Cowley Center for High Resolution Electron Microscopy. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 11 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD MAR PY 2016 VL 34 IS 2 AR 021512 DI 10.1116/1.4940759 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA DG8RW UT WOS:000372352300034 ER PT J AU Manandhar, K Wollmershauser, JA Boercker, JE Feigelson, BN AF Manandhar, Kedar Wollmershauser, James A. Boercker, Janice E. Feigelson, Boris N. TI Growth per cycle of alumina atomic layer deposition on nano- and micro-powders SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID OXIDE THIN-FILMS; FLUIDIZED-BED REACTOR; QUADRUPOLE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; REACTION SEQUENCE CHEMISTRY; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; AL2O3 FILMS; ROTARY REACTOR; BN PARTICLES; NANOPARTICLES; WATER AB Core-shell powders consisting of a tungsten particle core and thin alumina shell have been synthesized using atomic layer deposition in a rotary reactor. Standard atomic layer deposition of trimethylaluminum/water at 150 degrees C utilizing a microdosing technique was performed on four different batches of powder with different average particle sizes. The particle size of the powders studied ranges from similar to 25 to 1500 nm. The high mass-thickness contrast between alumina and tungsten in transmission electron microscopy images demonstrates that the particle core/shell interface is abrupt. This allows for the uncomplicated measurement of alumina thickness and therefore the accurate determination of growth per cycle. In agreement with prior works, the highest growth per cycle of similar to 2 angstrom/cycle occurred on the batch of powder with the smallest average particle size and the growth per cycle decreased with increasing average particle size of a powder batch. However, the growth per cycle of the alumina film on an individual particle in a batch is shown to be independent of the size of an individual particle, and therefore, a powder batch which consists of particles size spanning orders of magnitude has constant shell thickness on all particles. This uniformity of thickness on different particle sizes in a particular batch is determined to be due to the difficulty of removing residual water molecules from the powder during the purging cycle of the atomic layer deposition (ALD) process. Therefore, rotary ALD on a single batch of powder with wide particle size distribution provides the same shell thickness regardless of individual particle size, which may have positive implications for particle ALD applications where the shell thickness determines critical parameters, such as particle passivation and manipulation of optical properties. (C) 2016 American Vacuum Society. C1 [Manandhar, Kedar] US Naval Res Lab, Amer Soc Engn Educ, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wollmershauser, James A.; Boercker, Janice E.; Feigelson, Boris N.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Manandhar, Kedar; Feigelson, Boris N.] Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Manandhar, K (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Amer Soc Engn Educ, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Feigelson, BN (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kedar.manandhar.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; borisf@estd.nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory basic research program; Office of Naval Research; DARPA; American Society for Engineering Education FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the Naval Research Laboratory basic research program, Office of Naval Research and DARPA for support of this work. The authors also gratefully acknowledge Dev Palmer, Baruch Levush, and Fritz Kub for their support of this work and Rhonda Stroud for help in TEM. In addition, K.M. would like to thank the American Society for Engineering Education for his postdoctoral support. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 12 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD MAR PY 2016 VL 34 IS 2 AR 021519 DI 10.1116/1.4941918 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA DG8RW UT WOS:000372352300041 ER PT J AU Petrov, GM Boris, DR Petrova, TB Walton, SG AF Petrov, George M. Boris, David R. Petrova, Tzvetelina B. Walton, Scott G. TI One-dimensional Ar-SF6 hydromodel at low-pressure in e-beam generated plasmas SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-IMPACT IONIZATION; NEGATIVE-IONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; POSITIVE COLUMNS; KINETIC-MODEL; RF DISCHARGE; ATOMIC IONS; SF6; ENERGY; SILICON AB A one-dimensional steady-state hydrodynamic model of electron beam generated plasmas produced in Ar-SF6 mixtures at low pressure in a constant magnetic field was developed. Simulations were performed for a range of SF6 partial pressures at constant 30 mTorr total gas pressure to determine the spatial distribution of species densities and fluxes. With the addition of small amount of SF6 (similar to 1%), the confining electrostatic field sharply decreases with respect to the pure argon case. This effect is due to the applied magnetic field inhibiting electron diffusion. The hallmark of electronegative discharge plasmas, positive ion-negative ion core and positive ion-electron edge, was not observed. Instead, a plasma with large electronegativity (similar to 100) is formed throughout the volume, and only a small fraction (approximate to 30%) of the parent SF6 molecules were dissociated to F-2, SF2, and SF4. Importantly, F radical densities were found to be very low, on the order of the ion density. Model predictions for the electron density, ion density, and plasma electronegativity are in good agreement with experimental data over the entire range of SF6 concentrations investigated. C1 [Petrov, George M.; Boris, David R.; Petrova, Tzvetelina B.; Walton, Scott G.] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Petrov, GM (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM george.petrov@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory 6.1 Base Program FX This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory 6.1 Base Program. NR 76 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 5 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD MAR PY 2016 VL 34 IS 2 AR 021302 DI 10.1116/1.4940885 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA DG8RW UT WOS:000372352300016 ER PT J AU Kaur, A Anandan, S Yuan, L Watkins, SE Chandrashekhara, K Xiao, H Phan, N AF Kaur, Amardeep Anandan, Sudharshan Yuan, Lei Watkins, Steve E. Chandrashekhara, K. Xiao, Hai Nam Phan TI Strain monitoring of bismaleimide composites using embedded microcavity sensor SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE optical-fiber sensor; extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer; bismaleimide; strain analysis; embedded sensors; structural monitoring ID FIBER-BRAGG-GRATINGS AB A type of extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (EFPI) fiber optic sensor, i.e., the microcavity strain sensor, is demonstrated for embedded, high-temperature applications. The sensor is fabricated using a femto-second (fs) laser. The fs-laser-based fabrication makes the sensor thermally stable to sustain operating temperatures as high as 800 degrees C. The sensor has low sensitivity toward the temperature as compared to its response toward the applied strain. The performance of the EFPI sensor is tested in an embedded application. The host material is carbon fiber/bismaleimide (BMI) composite laminate that offer thermally stable characteristics at high ambient temperatures. The sensor exhibits highly linear response toward the temperature and strain. Analytical work done with embedded optical-fiber sensors using the out-of-autoclave BMI laminate was limited until now. The work presented in this paper offers an insight into the strain and temperature interactions of the embedded sensors with the BMI composites. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) C1 [Kaur, Amardeep; Watkins, Steve E.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Appl Opt Lab, 301 West 16th St, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [Anandan, Sudharshan; Chandrashekhara, K.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Composites Res Lab, 231 Toomey Hall, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [Yuan, Lei; Xiao, Hai] Clemson Univ, Photon Technol Lab, 209 Riggs Hall,205 AMRL, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Nam Phan] Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Kaur, A (reprint author), Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Appl Opt Lab, 301 West 16th St, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. EM kaura@mst.edu FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-1200787]; Integrated Systems Solutions, Inc. FX The authors acknowledge the support of National Science Foundation project under Grant CMMI-1200787. This research was sponsored in part by Integrated Systems Solutions, Inc. The authors would like to thank Stratton Composite Solutions for the materials supplied. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 13 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 55 IS 3 AR 037102 DI 10.1117/1.OE.55.3.037102 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA DH3WS UT WOS:000372718100027 ER PT J AU Gaubas, E Ceponis, T Vaitkus, JV Fadeyev, V Ely, S Galloway, Z Sadrozinski, HFW Christophersen, M Phlips, BF Gorelov, I Hoeferkamp, M Metcalfe, J Seidel, S AF Gaubas, E. Ceponis, T. Vaitkus, J. V. Fadeyev, V. Ely, S. Galloway, Z. Sadrozinski, H. F-W Christophersen, M. Phlips, B. F. Gorelov, I. Hoeferkamp, M. Metcalfe, J. Seidel, S. TI Study of surface recombination on cleaved and passivated edges of Si detectors SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Si strip detectors; surface recombination; surface passivation ID SILICON SENSORS; STRIP SENSORS; TECHNOLOGY; PARAMETERS; BULK AB The effectiveness of the passivation of a cleaved boundary of large area strip detectors has been studied by using Al2O3 formed by atomic layer deposition technology for p-Si structures and SixNy grown on n-Si by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition. The parameters of bulk and surface recombinations have been examined in a contactless mode implemented through analysis of the microwave-probed photoconductivity transients. Rather efficient and reproducible passivation, revealed through the reduction of surface recombination velocities from similar to 2 x 10(4) to 5 x 10(3) cm s(-1) for n-Si and from similar to 2. x 10(4) to 3 x 10(2) cm s(-1) for p-Si samples, has been obtained. The existence of trapping centres together with recombination defects has been revealed at the cleaved interface within the passivating layer. It has been revealed that the impact of surface recombination is negligible when bulk radiation defects are dominant in samples irradiated with fluences > 10(14) neq cm(-2). C1 [Gaubas, E.; Ceponis, T.; Vaitkus, J. V.] Vilnius State Univ, Inst Appl Res, Sauletekio 9, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania. [Fadeyev, V.; Ely, S.; Galloway, Z.; Sadrozinski, H. F-W] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Christophersen, M.; Phlips, B. F.] US Naval Res Lab, Code7654,4555 Overlook Ave Southwest, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gorelov, I.; Hoeferkamp, M.; Metcalfe, J.; Seidel, S.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, MSC074220,1919 Lomas Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Gaubas, E (reprint author), Vilnius State Univ, Inst Appl Res, Sauletekio 9, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania. EM eugenijus.gaubas@ff.vu.lt RI Christophersen, Marc/B-6795-2008; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015 OI Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133 FU Lithuanian Academy of Science [LMA-CERN-RD39-2015]; CNR; Department of Energy [DEFG02-13ER41983] FX This study was partially supported by Lithuanian Academy of Science Grant No. LMA-CERN-RD39-2015. This work has been performed within the framework of CERN RD50 Collaboration and ATLAS Planar Pixel Proposal. The research done at NRL was supported by the CNR. The work at SCIPP was supported by the Department of Energy, Grant No. DEFG02-13ER41983. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0268-1242 EI 1361-6641 J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH JI Semicond. Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 31 IS 3 AR 035003 DI 10.1088/0268-1242/31/3/035003 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA DG9SD UT WOS:000372423200007 ER PT J AU Johannes, MD Swider-Lyons, K Love, CT AF Johannes, M. D. Swider-Lyons, Karen Love, Corey T. TI Oxygen character in the density of states as an indicator of the stability of Li-ion battery cathode materials SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE Li-ion batteries; Computation; Oxygen stability; Density functional theory ID METAL-OXIDES; AB-INITIO; LITHIUM; CAPACITY; INTERCALATION; ELECTRODES; LIXCOO2; LICOO2 AB Oxygen gas evolution from lithium battery cathode materials during charging to high voltages is a known mechanism leading to cathode instability and ultimately Li-ion batteries fires. We present the simple thesis that the tendency toward oxygen destabilization in metal-oxide materials used as Li-ion battery cathodes can be correlated to the amount of oxygen-derived weight in the partial density of states (PDOS) near the Fermi level (EF), which is easily calculable with density functional theory (DFT). If the oxygen PDOS dominates the total DOS at EF at any point during delithiation (charging), electrons are withdrawn from the O rather than the M states, and the O2- ions are oxidized to peroxide (Oil, and then often to O-2 gas. A demonstration of the utility of this perspective is given using DET to calculate the PDOS for compounds with a broad range of structures, transition metals and degrees of lithiation: LiFePO4, Li2CuO2, LiCoO2, LiNiO2, and Li2RuO3. The resulting computational spectra correlate well to the experimental stability in the modeled compounds. We conclude that the oxygen stability of cathode materials derives from their fundamental electronic structure as function of changing voltage (and lithiation). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Johannes, M. D.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Swider-Lyons, Karen; Love, Corey T.] Naval Res Lab, Alternat Energy Sect, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Johannes, MD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM johannes@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through NRL's Advance Research Initiative on Metal Oxides; Office of Naval Research through Laboratory's Basic Research Program FX We are grateful to the Office of Naval Research for the support of this research through NRL's Advance Research Initiative on Metal Oxides and the Laboratory's Basic Research Program. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 20 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 EI 1872-7689 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 286 BP 83 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2015.12.025 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA DG9FO UT WOS:000372388400013 ER PT J AU Deiss, RG Mesner, O Agan, BK Ganesan, A Okulicz, JF Bavaro, M Lalani, T O'Bryan, TA Bebu, I Macalino, GE AF Deiss, Robert G. Mesner, Octavio Agan, Brian K. Ganesan, Anuradha Okulicz, Jason F. Bavaro, Mary Lalani, Tahaniyat O'Bryan, Thomas A. Bebu, Ionut Macalino, Grace E. TI Characterizing the Association Between Alcohol and HIV Virologic Failure in a Military Cohort on Antiretroviral Therapy SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE HIV; Alcohol; Military; Virologic Failure; Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ID US MILITARY; DISEASE PROGRESSION; RISK BEHAVIOR; CONSUMPTION; INFECTION; PERSONNEL; BINGE; ADHERENCE; VETERANS; DRINKING AB BackgroundThe effects of at-risk drinking on HIV infection remain controversial. We investigated the impact of self-reported alcohol consumption on surrogate markers of HIV progression among individuals initiated on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). MethodsWe analyzed individuals who were surveyed on alcohol use within a year of HAART initiation between 2006 and 2014. At-risk drinking was defined as consumption of at least 3 or 4drinks/d, or 7 and 14drinks/wk among women and men, respectively. We performed time-updated generalized estimating equationlogistic regression to determine the effect of at-risk drinking on virologic failure (VF) and mixed-effects linear regression on CD4 count reconstitution, controlling for potential confounders. ResultsOf 801 individuals initiated on HAART, 752 individuals with alcohol survey data were included in the analysis. Of these, 45% (n=336) met criteria for at-risk drinking at HAART initiation on at least 1 survey. The rates of VF were 4.30 per 100 person-years (95% CI [2.86, 6.21]) for at-risk drinkers and 2.45 per 100 person-years (95% CI [1.57, 3.65]) for individuals without at-risk drinking. At-risk drinking was not significantly associated with VF (OR 1.73, 95% CI [0.92, 3.25]) (p = 0.087) or CD4 reconstitution (CD4 increase 11.4; 95% CI [-19.8, 42.7]) in univariate analyses; however, in our multivariate model, a statistically significant relationship between VF and at-risk drinking was observed (OR 2.28, 95% CI [ 1.01, 5.15]). ConclusionsWe found a high proportion of at-risk drinking in our military cohort, which was predictive of VF in multivariate analysis. Given alcohol's effect on myriad HIV and non-HIV outcomes, interventions to decrease the prevalence of at-risk drinking among HIV-infected individuals are warranted. C1 [Deiss, Robert G.; Mesner, Octavio; Agan, Brian K.; Ganesan, Anuradha; Lalani, Tahaniyat; O'Bryan, Thomas A.; Macalino, Grace E.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Dept Prevent Med & Biostat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Deiss, Robert G.; Bavaro, Mary] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Div Infect Dis, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Deiss, Robert G.; Mesner, Octavio; Agan, Brian K.; Ganesan, Anuradha; Lalani, Tahaniyat; O'Bryan, Thomas A.; Macalino, Grace E.] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Bethesda, MD USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Walter Reed Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD USA. [Okulicz, Jason F.; O'Bryan, Thomas A.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. [Lalani, Tahaniyat] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Div Infect Dis, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Bebu, Ionut] George Washington Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Ctr Biostat, Washington, DC USA. RP Deiss, RG (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Div Infect Dis, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM robert.g.deiss.ctr@mail.mil OI Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP) [IDCRP-000-03]; Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [Y1-AI-5072] FX This study (IDCRP-000-03) was supported by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Inter-Agency Agreement [Y1-AI-5072]. Individual authors report no additional conflicts. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0145-6008 EI 1530-0277 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD MAR PY 2016 VL 40 IS 3 BP 529 EP 535 DI 10.1111/acer.12975 PG 7 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA DG4EC UT WOS:000372023000011 PM 26916712 ER PT J AU Ju, D Qin, X Xu, MY DiRenzo, MS AF Ju, Dong Qin, Xin Xu, Minya DiRenzo, Marco S. TI Boundary conditions of the emotional exhaustion-unsafe behavior link: The dark side of group norms and personal control SO ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Employee unsafe behavior; Emotional exhaustion; Unsafe behavior norms; Personal control ID COMMON METHOD VARIANCE; MODERATED MULTIPLE-REGRESSION; SAFETY CLIMATE; OCCUPATIONAL-SAFETY; JOB-PERFORMANCE; TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP; ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE; ACCIDENT INVOLVEMENT; PERCEIVED CONTROL; SOCIAL-EXCHANGE AB This study focuses on the conditions under which emotional exhaustion leads to employee unsafe behavior. In a sample of 592 construction workers nested in 33 groups, we found that both emotional exhaustion and unsafe behavior norms were positively related to unsafe behavior by employees. Unsafe behavior norms moderated the relationship between emotional exhaustion and unsafe behavior, such that high group unsafe behavior norms strengthened the emotional exhaustion-employee unsafe behavior link. Furthermore, results indicated a three-way interaction effect in which employees with high emotional exhaustion conducted the highest levels of unsafe behavior when both group unsafe behavior norms and personal control over work were high. This paper provides important implications on understanding the influence of group norms on employee unsafe behavior, as well as its magnifying effect with personal control on the emotional exhaustion-unsafe behavior link. C1 [Ju, Dong] Commun Univ China, Sch Econ & Management, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Qin, Xin] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sun Yat sen Business Sch, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Xu, Minya] Peking Univ, Guanghua Sch Management, Room 365, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [DiRenzo, Marco S.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA USA. RP Xu, MY (reprint author), Peking Univ, Guanghua Sch Management, Room 365, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM judongjudy@126.com; qinsin@hotmail.com; minyaxu@gsm.pku.edu.cn; msdirenz@nps.edu FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [10901010, 71502179]; Fulbright Scholarship - US government; Center for Statistical Science in Peking University; Key Laboratory of Mathematical Economics and Quantitative Finance (Peking University), Ministry of Education FX We are grateful to Dr. Nikos Bozionelos and the anonymous reviewers for their invaluable feedback and guidance on this article. The project was supported by a fund from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10901010) awarded to Dr. Minya Xu, National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 71502179) and a Fulbright Scholarship sponsored by the US government awarded to Dr. Xin Qin. We also received support from Center for Statistical Science in Peking University, and Key Laboratory of Mathematical Economics and Quantitative Finance (Peking University), Ministry of Education. NR 147 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0217-4561 EI 1572-9958 J9 ASIA PAC J MANAG JI Asia Pac. J. Manag. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 33 IS 1 BP 113 EP 140 DI 10.1007/s10490-015-9455-7 PG 28 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA DG7IH UT WOS:000372257500005 ER PT J AU Denning, PJ AF Denning, Peter J. TI Fifty Years of Operating Systems SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Denning, Peter J.] US Navy, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Denning, Peter J.] ACM, New York, NY 10087 USA. RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), US Navy, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.; Denning, PJ (reprint author), ACM, New York, NY 10087 USA. EM pjd@nps.edu NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0001-0782 EI 1557-7317 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD MAR PY 2016 VL 59 IS 3 BP 30 EP 32 DI 10.1145/2880150 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA DG3MM UT WOS:000371973700018 ER PT J AU Fahey, AJ Perea, DE Bartrand, J Arey, BW Thevuthasan, S AF Fahey, Albert J. Perea, Daniel E. Bartrand, Jonah Arey, Bruce W. Thevuthasan, Suntharampillai TI Uranium isotopic ratio measurements of U3O8 reference materials by atom probe tomography SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LA English DT Article DE Atom probe tomography; Uranium; Isotopic ratios ID DEPLETED URANIUM AB We report results of measurements of isotopic ratios obtained with atom probe tomography on U3O8 reference materials certified for their isotopic abundances of uranium. The results show good agreement with the certified values. High backgrounds due to tails from adjacent peaks complicate the measurement of the integrated peak areas as well as the fact that only oxides of uranium appear in the spectrum, the most intense of which is doubly charged. In addition, lack of knowledge of other instrumental parameters, such as the dead time, may bias the results. Isotopic ratio measurements can be performed at the nanometer-scale with the expectation of sensible results. The abundance sensitivity and mass resolving power of the mass spectrometer are not sufficient to compete with magnetic-sector instruments but are not far from measurements made by ToF-SIMS of other isotopic systems. The agreement of the major isotope ratios is more than sufficient to distinguish most anthropogenic compositions from natural. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Fahey, Albert J.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Perea, Daniel E.; Bartrand, Jonah; Arey, Bruce W.; Thevuthasan, Suntharampillai] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MS J4-70, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Fahey, AJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM albert.fahey@nrl.navy.mil NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-931X EI 1879-1700 J9 J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV JI J. Environ. Radioact. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 153 BP 206 EP 213 DI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.12.018 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DG3BO UT WOS:000371944700025 PM 26774651 ER PT J AU Kelly, KR Jameson, JT AF Kelly, Karen R. Jameson, Jason T. TI PREPARING FOR COMBAT READINESS FOR THE FIGHT: PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE PROFILE OF FEMALE US MARINES SO JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE gender; physical fitness; strength differences; body composition ID RESISTANCE; CAPACITY; WOMEN AB Kelly, KR and Jameson, JT. Preparing for combat readiness for the fight: physical performance profile of female US Marines. J Strength Cond Res 30(3): 595-604, 2016Females have been restricted from serving in direct combat arms' positions for decades. One reason for the exclusion derives from the perceived physical demands of these positions. As a result, many current efforts are directed toward defining the physical demands of combat arms' positions. The purpose of this study was to develop a physical performance and body composition profile of females who could overcome the physical demands of combat tasks that rely primarily on upper body strength. This study is based on an analysis of archival data from 2 separate samples of active-duty female Marines (n = 802), who had been recruited to participate in heavy lifting tasks. These tasks included lifting a heavy machine gun (HMG) lift (cohort 1, n = 423) and Clean and Press lifts (29.5-52.3 kg) (cohort 2, n = 379). To develop the physical performance profile, data from annual physical fitness tests were collected, which included run times, ammunition can lift, 804. Seven-meter (880-yard) movement to contact, and the maneuver under fire. In cohort 1, 65 females (approximate to 15%; n = 423 females) successfully completed HMG; in cohort 2, 33 females (approximate to 9%; n = 379 females) successfully completed another strength task, a Clean and Press of 52.3 kg. In both samples, female Marines who were successful on these tasks also outperformed their unsuccessful counterparts on the annual physical fitness tests. In addition, larger females typically outperformed their smaller counterparts. Females seeking assignment to closed combat arms' positions would thus be well served by targeting upper body strength, while maintaining overall physical fitness. C1 [Kelly, Karen R.; Jameson, Jason T.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Warfighter Performance Dept, Div Operat Readiness, San Diego, CA USA. RP Kelly, KR (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Warfighter Performance Dept, Div Operat Readiness, San Diego, CA USA. EM karen.r.kelly8.civ@mail.mil FU US Marine Corps Training and Education Command (TECOM), under work unit [N1235] FX This work was supported by the US Marine Corps Training and Education Command (TECOM), under work unit N1235. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the US Government. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research. US Government Work (17 USC 105). Not copyrighted in the United States. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1064-8011 EI 1533-4287 J9 J STRENGTH COND RES JI J. Strength Cond. Res. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 30 IS 3 BP 595 EP 604 DI 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001269 PG 10 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA DG1MF UT WOS:000371831500001 PM 26605806 ER PT J AU Daugulis, O MacArthur, AHR Rix, FC Templeton, JL AF Daugulis, Olafs MacArthur, Amy H. Roy Rix, Francis C. Templeton, Joseph L. TI A Career in Catalysis: Maurice Brookhart SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE electrophilic metal carbene complexes; polymerization; ethylene/CO copolymerization; C-H activation and functionalization; transfer dehydrogenation; alkane metathesis; methane coordination ID MIGRATORY INSERTION REACTIONS; C-H BONDS; DEHYDROGENATION-OLEFIN-METATHESIS; ALKYL ETHYLENE COMPLEXES; IRIDIUM PINCER COMPLEXES; METAL-CARBENE COMPLEXES; ALKANE-DEHYDROGENATION; CARBON-MONOXIDE; ALPHA-OLEFINS; ALTERNATING COPOLYMERIZATION AB On the occasion of Professor Maurice Brookhart's retirement and recent acceptance of the Gabor A. Somorjai Award for Creative Research in Catalysis, we honor his numerous contributions to the fields of organometallic chemistry and catalysis. His truly interdisciplinary research has resulted in seminal contributions to polymer, synthetic, and mechanistic organometallic and organic chemistry. Detailed mechanistic investigations that have provided unparalleled understanding of these reactions have been supplemented by the development of new chemical methodology and polymerization processes. In this Account, we present some of his notable contributions toward understanding the chemistry of electrophilic transition-metal carbene complexes and agostic interactions, metal-catalyzed olefin polymerization and copolymerization reactions, and metal-mediated C-H bond activation and functionalization processes. C1 [Daugulis, Olafs] Univ Houston, Dept Chem, Univ Pk, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [MacArthur, Amy H. Roy] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, 572M Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Rix, Francis C.] ExxonMobil Chem Co, 5200 Bayway Dr, Baytown, TX 77520 USA. [Templeton, Joseph L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP MacArthur, AHR (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, 572M Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM macarthu@usna.edu NR 85 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 6 IS 3 BP 1518 EP 1532 DI 10.1021/acscatal.5b02216 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA DG0LE UT WOS:000371755500014 ER PT J AU Carrier, MJ Ngodock, HE Muscarella, P Smith, S AF Carrier, Matthew J. Ngodock, Hans E. Muscarella, Philip Smith, Scott TI Impact of Assimilating Surface Velocity Observations on the Model Sea Surface Height Using the NCOM-4DVAR* SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Ocean models; Model initialization; Forecasting; Data assimilation; Models and modeling; Forecasting; Variational analysis; Mathematical and statistical techniques ID OCEAN DATA ASSIMILATION; CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; LOOP CURRENT; REPRESENTER METHOD; KALMAN FILTER; IMPLEMENTATION; CIRCULATION; ROMS AB The assimilation of surface velocity observations and their impact on the model sea surface height (SSH) is examined using an operational regional ocean model and its four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4DVAR) analysis component. In this work, drifter-derived surface velocity observations are assimilated into the Navy's Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) 4DVAR in weak-constraint mode for a Gulf of Mexico (GoM) experiment during August-September 2012. During this period the model is trained by assimilating surface velocity observations (in a series of 96-h assimilation windows), which is followed by a 30-day forecast through the month of October 2012. A free-run model and a model that assimilates along-track SSH observations are also run as baseline experiments to which the other experiments are compared. It is shown here that the assimilation of surface velocity measurements has a substantial impact on improving the model representation of the forecast SSH on par with the experiment that assimilates along-track SSH observations directly. Finally, an assimilation experiment is done where both along-track SSH and velocity observations are utilized in an attempt to determine if the observation types are redundant or complementary. It is found that the combination of observations provides the best SSH forecast, in terms of the fit to observations, when compared to the previous experiments. C1 [Carrier, Matthew J.; Ngodock, Hans E.; Muscarella, Philip; Smith, Scott] Naval Res Lab, Bldg 1009 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Carrier, MJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Bldg 1009 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM matthew.carrier@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research Program Element [0601153N]; BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research Program Element 0601153N as part of the "A Multiscale Approach to Assessing Predictability of ASW Environment" and "NCOM-4DVAR Rapid Transition" projects, and part of this research is funded by a grant from BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative to the Consortium for Advanced Research on the Transport of Hydrocarbon in the Environment (CARTHE). The authors would like to acknowledge Emanuel Coelho for his work in processing the GLAD drifter observations into Eulerian velocity observations used in this assimilation study. The authors would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggested revisions. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 144 IS 3 BP 1051 EP 1068 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-14-00285.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DF6PY UT WOS:000371479200002 ER PT J AU Pogorelsky, IV Babzien, M Ben-Zvi, I Polyanskiy, MN Skaritka, J Tresca, O Dover, NP Najmudin, Z Lu, W Cook, N Ting, A Chen, YH AF Pogorelsky, I. V. Babzien, M. Ben-Zvi, I. Polyanskiy, M. N. Skaritka, J. Tresca, O. Dover, N. P. Najmudin, Z. Lu, W. Cook, N. Ting, A. Chen, Y-H TI Extending laser plasma accelerators into the mid-IR spectral domain with a next-generation ultra-fast CO2 laser SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2015 International Laser Plasma Accelerators Workshop CY MAY 10-15, 2015 CL Guadeloupe, FRANCE DE CO2 laser; plasma wakefield; ion beams; laser acceleration ID ENERGY PROTON-BEAMS; PULSE AMPLIFICATION; SOLIDS AB Expanding the scope of relativistic plasma research to wavelengths longer than the lambda/approximate to 0.8-1.1 mu m range covered by conventional mode-locked solid-state lasers would offer attractive opportunities due to the quadratic scaling of the ponderomotive electron energy and critical plasma density with lambda. Answering this quest, a next-generation mid-IR laser project is being advanced at the BNL ATF as a part of the user facility upgrade. We discuss the technical approach to this conceptually new 100 TW, 100 fs, lambda = 9-11 mu m CO2 laser BESTIA (Brookhaven Experimental Supra-Terawatt Infrared at ATF) that encompasses several innovations applied for the first time to molecular gas lasers. BESTIA will enable new regimes of laser plasma accelerators. One example is shock-wave ion acceleration (SWA) from gas jets. We review ongoing efforts to achieve stable, monoenergetic proton acceleration by dynamically shaping the plasma density profile from a hydrogen gas target with laser-produced blast waves. At its full power, 100 TW BESTIA promises to achieve proton beams at an energy exceeding 200 MeV. In addition to ion acceleration in over-critical plasma, the ultra-intense mid-IR BESTIA will open up new opportunities in driving wakefields in tenuous plasmas, expanding the landscape of laser wakefield accelerator (LWFA) studies into the unexplored long-wavelength spectral domain. Simple wavelength scaling suggests that a 100 TW CO2 laser beam will be capable of efficiently generating plasma 'bubbles' a thousand times greater in volume compared with a near-IR solid state laser of an equivalent power. Combined with a femtosecond electron linac available at the ATF, this wavelength scaling will facilitate the study of external seeding and staging of LWFAs. C1 [Pogorelsky, I. V.; Babzien, M.; Ben-Zvi, I.; Polyanskiy, M. N.; Skaritka, J.; Tresca, O.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Accelerator Test Facil, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Dover, N. P.; Najmudin, Z.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, John Adams Inst Accelerator Sci, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Lu, W.] Tsinghua Univ, Accelerator Iaboratory, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. [Cook, N.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ting, A.; Chen, Y-H] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pogorelsky, IV (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Accelerator Test Facil, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM igor@bnl.gov RI Lu, Wei/F-2504-2016 FU US DOE [DE-SC0012704]; UK EPSRC grant [EP/K022415/1]; STFC grant [ST/J002062/1] FX This work is supported by the US DOE contract DE-SC0012704, UK EPSRC grant EP/K022415/1, and STFC grant ST/J002062/1. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 22 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 EI 1361-6587 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD MAR PY 2016 VL 58 IS 3 SI SI AR 034003 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/58/3/034003 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DF7XQ UT WOS:000371571600004 ER PT J AU Mahamat, AH Narducci, FA Schwiegerling, J AF Mahamat, Adoum H. Narducci, Frank A. Schwiegerling, James TI Design and optimization of a volume-phase holographic grating for simultaneous use with red, green, and blue light using unpolarized light SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID COUPLED-WAVE ANALYSIS; DICHROMATED GELATIN; IMPLEMENTATION; DIFFRACTION; THICKNESS; FILM AB Volume-phase holographic (VPH) gratings have been designed for use in many areas of science and technology, such as optical communication, optical imaging, and astronomy. In this paper, the design of a volume-phase holographic grating, simultaneously optimized to operate in the red, green, and blue wavelengths, is presented along with a study of its fabrication tolerances. The grating is optimized to produce 98% efficiency at lambda = 532 nm and at least 75% efficiency in the region between 400 and 700 nm, when the incident light is unpolarized. The optimization is done for recording in dichromated gelatin with a thickness of 12 mu m, an average refractive index of 1.5, and a refractive index modulation of 0.022. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Mahamat, Adoum H.; Narducci, Frank A.] NAVAIR, 48110 Shaw Rd Bldg 2187, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. [Mahamat, Adoum H.; Schwiegerling, James] Coll Opt Sci, 1630 E Univ Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Mahamat, AH (reprint author), NAVAIR, 48110 Shaw Rd Bldg 2187, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.; Mahamat, AH (reprint author), Coll Opt Sci, 1630 E Univ Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM mahamat@email.arizona.edu FU Naval Innovative Science and Engineering (NISE) program [219WFD-HE-15-005] FX Naval Innovative Science and Engineering (NISE) program (219WFD-HE-15-005). NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 10 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAR 1 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 7 BP 1618 EP 1624 DI 10.1364/AO.55.001618 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA DF4DH UT WOS:000371297000016 PM 26974620 ER PT J AU Nelson, W Sprangle, P Davis, CC AF Nelson, W. Sprangle, P. Davis, C. C. TI Atmospheric propagation and combining of high-power lasers SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID DIRECTED-ENERGY APPLICATIONS; SUPERPOSED COHERENT; CHAOTIC RADIATION; SIMULATION; PHASE; BEAMS AB In this paper, we analyze beam combining and atmospheric propagation of high-power lasers for directed-energy (DE) applications. The large linewidths inherent in high-power fiber and slab lasers cause random phase and intensity fluctuations that occur on subnanosecond time scales. Coherently combining these high-power lasers would involve instruments capable of precise phase control and operation at rates greater than similar to 10 GHz. To the best of our knowledge, this technology does not currently exist. This presents a challenging problem when attempting to phase lock high-power lasers that is not encountered when phase locking low-power lasers, for example, at milliwatt power levels. Regardless, we demonstrate that even if instruments are developed that can precisely control the phase of high-power lasers, coherent combining is problematic for DE applications. The dephasing effects of atmospheric turbulence typically encountered in DE applications will degrade the coherent properties of the beam before it reaches the target. Through simulations, we find that coherent beam combining in moderate turbulence and over multikilometer propagation distances has little advantage over incoherent combining. Additionally, in cases of strong turbulence and multikilometer propagation ranges, we find nearly indistinguishable intensity profiles and virtually no difference in the energy on the target between coherently and incoherently combined laser beams. Consequently, we find that coherent beam combining at the transmitter plane is ineffective under typical atmospheric conditions. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Nelson, W.; Sprangle, P.; Davis, C. C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Sprangle, P.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Nelson, W (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM wnelson2@umd.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N000141211029]; Naval Research Laboratory FX Office of Naval Research (ONR) (N000141211029); Naval Research Laboratory. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 18 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAR 1 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 7 BP 1757 EP 1764 DI 10.1364/AO.55.001757 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA DF4DH UT WOS:000371297000036 PM 26974640 ER PT J AU Rodriguez-Seda, EJ Stipanovic, DM Spong, MW AF Rodriguez-Seda, Erick J. Stipanovic, Dusan M. Spong, Mark W. TI Guaranteed Collision Avoidance for Autonomous Systems with Acceleration Constraints and Sensing Uncertainties SO JOURNAL OF OPTIMIZATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Avoidance control; Two-agent systems; Bounded control ID OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE; MOBILE ROBOTS; NAVIGATION; TRAJECTORIES; ENVIRONMENT; AIRCRAFT; TRACKING; RANGES; AGENTS; GRIDS AB A set of cooperative and noncooperative collision avoidance strategies for a pair of interacting agents with acceleration constraints, bounded sensing uncertainties, and limited sensing ranges is presented. We explicitly consider the case in which position information from the other agent is unreliable, and develop bounded control inputs using Lyapunov-based analysis, that guarantee collision-free trajectories for both agents. The proposed avoidance control strategies can be appended to any other stable control law (i.e., main control objective) and are active only when the agents are close to each other. As an application, we study in detail the synthesis of the avoidance strategies with a set-point stabilization control law and prove that the agents converge to the desired configurations while avoiding collisions and deadlocks (i.e., unwanted local minima). Simulation results are presented to validate the proposed control formulation. C1 [Rodriguez-Seda, Erick J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Weap & Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Stipanovic, Dusan M.] Univ Illinois, Coordinated Sci Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Spong, Mark W.] Univ Texas Dallas, Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Dallas, TX 75080 USA. RP Rodriguez-Seda, EJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Weap & Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM rodrigue@usna.edu; dusan@illinois.edu; mspong@utdallas.edu FU Boeing Company via the Information Trust Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; NSF [ECCS-0725433] FX This work was partially supported by The Boeing Company via the Information Trust Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and by NSF Grant ECCS-0725433. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 9 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-3239 EI 1573-2878 J9 J OPTIMIZ THEORY APP JI J. Optim. Theory Appl. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 168 IS 3 BP 1014 EP 1038 DI 10.1007/s10957-015-0824-7 PG 25 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA DF4CU UT WOS:000371295700016 ER PT J AU Zhang, G Wang, Z Dunkerton, TJ Peng, MS Magnusdottir, G AF Zhang, Gan Wang, Zhuo Dunkerton, Timothy J. Peng, Melinda S. Magnusdottir, Gudrun TI Extratropical Impacts on Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Extratropics; Geographic location/entity; Forecasting; Atm/Ocean Structure/ Phenomena; North Atlantic Ocean; Seasonal forecasting; Tropical cyclones; Wave breaking; Circulation/ Dynamics ID ROSSBY-WAVE BREAKING; SEASONAL HURRICANE FREQUENCY; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; WEST-AFRICAN RAINFALL; CLOUD-TOP HEIGHT; DRY AIR; EASTERLY WAVES; EL-NINO; VARIABILITY; MODEL AB With warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the tropical Atlantic and cold SST anomalies in the east Pacific, the unusually quiet hurricane season in 2013 was a surprise to the hurricane community. The authors' analyses suggest that the substantially suppressed Atlantic tropical cyclone (TC) activity in August 2013 can be attributed to frequent breaking of midlatitude Rossby waves, which led to the equatorward intrusion of cold and dry extratropical air. The resultant mid- to upper-tropospheric dryness and strong vertical wind shear hindered TC development. Using the empirical orthogonal function analysis, the active Rossby wave breaking in August 2013 was found to be associated with a recurrent mode of the midlatitude jet stream over the North Atlantic, which represents the variability of the intensity and zonal extent of the jet. This mode is significantly correlated with Atlantic hurricane frequency. The correlation coefficient is comparable to the correlation of Atlantic hurricane frequency with the main development region (MDR) relative SST and higher than that with the Nino-3.4 index. This study highlights the extratropical impacts on Atlantic TC activity, which may have important implications for the seasonal predictability of Atlantic TCs. C1 [Zhang, Gan; Wang, Zhuo] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, 105 S Gregory St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Dunkerton, Timothy J.] NW Res Associates Inc, POB 3027, Bellevue, WA 98009 USA. [Peng, Melinda S.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Magnusdottir, Gudrun] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA. RP Wang, Z (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, 105 S Gregory St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM zhuowang@illinois.edu RI Zhang, Gan/C-5932-2016 OI Zhang, Gan/0000-0002-7323-3409 FU National Science Foundation [AGS-1118429]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-1-0446]; Navy Research Laboratory [N00173-15-1-G004] FX This research is supported by the National Science Foundation Grant AGS-1118429, the Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-11-1-0446, and the Navy Research Laboratory Grant N00173-15-1-G004. The ERA-Interim data were made available by NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory Research Data Archive. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 73 IS 3 BP 1401 EP 1418 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-15-0154.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DE2ZY UT WOS:000370497800001 ER PT J AU King, JT Karpenko, M AF King, Jeffery T. Karpenko, Mark TI A simple approach for predicting time-optimal slew capability SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA LA English DT Article DE Reaction wheels; Time-optimal attitude maneuvers; Agile spacecraft; Eigenaxis slews; Agility envelope ID RIGID SPACECRAFT; FLIGHT; REORIENTATION; MANEUVERS AB The productivity of space-based imaging satellite sensors to collect images is directly related to the agility of the spacecraft. Increasing the satellite agility, without changing the attitude control hardware, can be accomplished by using optimal control to design shortest-time maneuvers. The performance improvement that can be obtained using optimal control is tied to the specific configuration of the satellite, e.g. mass properties and reaction wheel array geometry. Therefore, it is generally difficult to predict performance without an extensive simulation study. This paper presents a simple idea for estimating the agility enhancement that can be obtained using optimal control without the need to solve any optimal control problems. The approach is based on the concept of the agility envelope, which expresses the capability of a spacecraft in terms of a three-dimensional agility volume. Validation of this new approach is conducted using both simulation and on-orbit data. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of IAA. C1 [King, Jeffery T.; Karpenko, Mark] Naval Postgrad Sch, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [King, Jeffery T.] US Naval Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP King, JT (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.; King, JT (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM jking@usna.edu OI King, Jeffery/0000-0003-3539-4997 NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0094-5765 EI 1879-2030 J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT JI Acta Astronaut. PD MAR-APR PY 2016 VL 120 BP 159 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2015.12.009 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DE8JX UT WOS:000370883400013 ER PT J AU Armstrong, D Loehr, NA Warrington, GS AF Armstrong, Drew Loehr, Nicholas A. Warrington, Gregory S. TI Rational Parking Functions and Catalan Numbers SO ANNALS OF COMBINATORICS LA English DT Article DE rational parking functions; q, t-Catalan numbers; rational Catalan numbers; diagonal harmonics; Shuffle Conjecture ID COMPACTIFIED JACOBIANS; COMBINATORIAL FORMULA; Q,T-CATALAN NUMBERS; CONTINUOUS FAMILY; STATISTICS; CONJECTURES; INVARIANTS; PARTITIONS; CHARACTER; PROOF AB The "classical" parking functions, counted by the Cayley number (n+1) (n-1), carry a natural permutation representation of the symmetric group S (n) in which the number of orbits is the Catalan number . In this paper, we will generalize this setup to "rational" parking functions indexed by a pair (a, b) of coprime positive integers. These parking functions, which are counted by b (a-1), carry a permutation representation of S (a) in which the number of orbits is the "rational" Catalan number . First, we compute the Frobenius characteristic of the S (a) -module of (a, b)-parking functions, giving explicit expansions of this symmetric function in the complete homogeneous basis, the power-sum basis, and the Schur basis. Second, we study q-analogues of the rational Catalan numbers, conjecturing new combinatorial formulas for the rational q-Catalan numbers and for the q-binomial coefficients . We give a bijective explanation of the division by [a+b] (q) that proves the equivalence of these two conjectures. Third, we present combinatorial definitions for q, t-analogues of rational Catalan numbers and parking functions, generalizing the Shuffle Conjecture for the classical case. We present several conjectures regarding the joint symmetry and t = 1/q specializations of these polynomials. An appendix computes these polynomials explicitly for small values of a and b. C1 [Armstrong, Drew] Univ Miami, Dept Math, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. [Loehr, Nicholas A.] Virginia Tech, Dept Math, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Loehr, Nicholas A.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Warrington, Gregory S.] Univ Vermont, Dept Math & Stat, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. RP Armstrong, D (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Math, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA.; Loehr, NA (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Math, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.; Loehr, NA (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.; Warrington, GS (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Math & Stat, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. EM armstrong@math.miami.edu; nloehr@vt.edu; gregory.warrington@uvm.edu FU Simons Foundation [244398]; National Science Foundation [DMS-1201312] FX This work was partially supported by a grant from the Simons Foundation (#244398 to Nicholas Loehr).; Author supported in part by National Science Foundation grant DMS-1201312. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0218-0006 EI 0219-3094 J9 ANN COMB JI Ann. Comb. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 20 IS 1 BP 21 EP 58 DI 10.1007/s00026-015-0293-6 PG 38 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA DE7GD UT WOS:000370802900002 ER PT J AU First, MR Robbins-Wamsley, SH Riley, SC Drake, LA AF First, Matthew R. Robbins-Wamsley, Stephanie H. Riley, Scott C. Drake, Lisa A. TI Towards minimizing transport of aquatic nuisance species in ballast water: Do organisms in different size classes respond uniformly to biocidal treatment? SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Ballast water management systems; Aquatic nuisance species; Microalgae; Shipping ID MANAGEMENT-SYSTEMS; DEOXYGENATION; RADIATION; TOXICITY; CHLORINE; IMPACT AB To reduce the transport and delivery of aquatic nuisance species in ships' ballast water and comply with standards for the number of living organisms that may be discharged, biocidal agents and processes, such as chemical dosing, have been repurposed to treat ballast water. We evaluated whether marine planktonic organisms-the typical targets of these biocides-respond in unison to simulated treatment. Organisms were concentrated from seawater, which was amended with dissolved and particulate matter and cultured microalgae, and then treated by chlorination, ultraviolet radiation, or deoxygenation. Living organisms in three size classes (a parts per thousand yen50, a parts per thousand yen10 and < 50, and < 10 A mu m [represented by culturable, heterotrophic bacteria]) were counted prior to and periodically after treatment. Regardless of whether the differences in concentrations between the control and treatments were significant or insignificant, in general, organisms across the size classes reacted comparably to treatments, with some exceptions in the < 10 A mu m size class. The parallel responses of organisms to treatment-if shown to generalize to other water conditions, assemblages of organisms, and scales of treatment-may justify using a single size class to predict the responses of organisms across the broad size spectra. Notably, because most ballast water management systems employ a filtration step to remove organisms a parts per thousand yen50 A mu m, if organisms in the a parts per thousand yen10 and < 50 A mu m size class were assessed to determine a vessel's compliance with the discharge standard, it would be imperative that any filters would be evaluated to ensure they were functioning properly and removed organisms as designed. C1 [First, Matthew R.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Robbins-Wamsley, Stephanie H.; Riley, Scott C.] Excet Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. [Drake, Lisa A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Key West, FL 33040 USA. RP First, MR (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM matthew.first@nrl.navy.mil OI First, Matthew/0000-0003-1330-3353; First, Matt/0000-0003-3465-2376 FU U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) Environmental Standards Division [HSCG23-13-X-MMS106] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) Environmental Standards Division [CGOES-3, (contract # HSCG23-13-X-MMS106, Task 5.3)] and does not represent official USCG policy. We are grateful to Richard Everett and Regina Bergner (USCG) for advice and guidance with this work. The work conducted at the Naval Research Laboratory in Key West was supported by Diane Lysogorski (Section Head, Naval Research Laboratory Code 6136 and Director, Center for Corrosion Science and Engineering, Key West, FL). Cameron Moser (Excet, Inc.) assisted with the field experiments, for which we are grateful. We are appreciative of the comments and suggestions from Jim Carlton (Editor, Biological Invasions) and three anonymous reviewers. The reviews of this paper by Vanessa Molina (Excet, Inc.), Diane Lysogorski, Edward Lemieux (Branch Head, Code 6130) and Barry Spargo (Acting Superintendent, Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory) improved it-thank you. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD MAR PY 2016 VL 18 IS 3 BP 647 EP 660 DI 10.1007/s10530-015-1036-7 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DE5FR UT WOS:000370657100005 ER PT J AU Schantz, C Gerhard, K Donnal, J Moon, J Sievenpiper, B Leeb, S Thomas, K AF Schantz, Christopher Gerhard, Katie Donnal, John Moon, Jinyeong Sievenpiper, Bartholomew Leeb, Steven Thomas, Kevin TI Retrofittable Machine Condition and Structural Excitation Monitoring From the Terminal Box SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Condition monitoring; capacitive sensors; energy harvesting; frequency response; vibration measurement AB Retrofittable self-powered sensors for machine condition monitoring ease the burden of installation and decision-making for maintenance and acoustic performance assessment. Terminal box magnetic power harvesting sensors are nonintrusive. They require no special wiring and can simultaneously observe and correlate important variables for machine diagnostics, including vibration and speed. These correlated data can be used to detect and differentiate imbalances from failing structural mounts, among other possibilities. New hardware and algorithms are presented for enabling in situ vibration monitoring, with demonstrations on data sets from US Coast Guard vessels. A specific algorithmic focus of this paper is estimation of a machine's contribution to structure-borne noise and vibration, an important consideration for ship acoustic signature. C1 [Schantz, Christopher; Donnal, John; Moon, Jinyeong; Leeb, Steven; Thomas, Kevin] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schantz, Christopher] Tesla Motors Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Gerhard, Katie; Sievenpiper, Bartholomew] US Navy, Washington, DC 20350 USA. [Thomas, Kevin] US Coast Guard, Washington, DC 20593 USA. RP Schantz, C; Donnal, J; Moon, J; Leeb, S; Thomas, K (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.; Schantz, C (reprint author), Tesla Motors Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.; Gerhard, K; Sievenpiper, B (reprint author), US Navy, Washington, DC 20350 USA.; Thomas, K (reprint author), US Coast Guard, Washington, DC 20593 USA. EM cschantz@mit.edu; katherine.gerhard@navy.mil; jdonnal@mit.edu; jinmoon@mit.edu; bartholomew.sievenpi@navy.mil; sbleeb@mit.edu; thomaskm@mit.edu FU Grainger Foundation; Office of Naval Research Structural Acoustics Program FX This work was supported in part by the Grainger Foundation and in part by the Office of Naval Research Structural Acoustics Program. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was Prof. Danilo Demarchi. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1530-437X EI 1558-1748 J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD MAR 1 PY 2016 VL 16 IS 5 BP 1224 EP 1232 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2015.2498626 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA DE9BM UT WOS:000370930400015 ER PT J AU Kam, C Kompella, S Nguyen, GD Ephremides, A AF Kam, Clement Kompella, Sastry Nguyen, Gam D. Ephremides, Anthony TI Effect of Message Transmission Path Diversity on Status Age SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY LA English DT Article DE Status age; dynamic networks; monitoring AB This paper focuses on status age, which is a metric for measuring the freshness of a continually updated piece of information (i.e., status) as observed at a remote monitor. In paper, we study a system in which a sensor sends random status updates over a dynamic network to a monitor. For this system, we consider the impact of having messages take different routes through the network on the status age. First, we consider a network with plentiful resources (i.e., many nodes that can provide numerous alternate paths), so that packets need not wait in queues at each node in a multihop path. This system is modeled as a single queue with an infinite number of servers, specifically as an M/M/infinity queue. Packets routed over a dynamic network may arrive at the monitor out of order, which we account for in our analysis for the M/M/infinity model. We then consider a network with somewhat limited resources, so that packets can arrive out of order but also must wait in a queue. This is modeled as a single queue with two servers, specifically an M/M/2 queue. We present the exact approach to computing the analytical status age, and we provide an approximation that is shown to be close to the simulated age. We also compare both models with M/M/1, which corresponds to severely limited network resources, and we demonstrate the tradeoff between the status age and the unnecessary network resource consumption. C1 [Kam, Clement; Kompella, Sastry; Nguyen, Gam D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ephremides, Anthony] Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Kam, C; Kompella, S; Nguyen, GD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Ephremides, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM ckk@ieee.org; sk@ieee.org; gam.nguyen@nrl.navy.mil; etony@umd.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. This paper was presented at the 2013 and 2014 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9448 EI 1557-9654 J9 IEEE T INFORM THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory PD MAR PY 2016 VL 62 IS 3 BP 1360 EP 1374 DI 10.1109/TIT.2015.2511791 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA DE9KC UT WOS:000370954900019 ER PT J AU Farhat, A Lunasin, E Titi, ES AF Farhat, Aseel Lunasin, Evelyn Titi, Edriss S. TI Abridged Continuous Data Assimilation for the 2D Navier-Stokes Equations Utilizing Measurements of Only One Component of the Velocity Field SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Navier-Stokes equations; continuous data assimilation; signal synchronization; volume elements and nodes; coarse mesh measurements of only one component of the velocity field; feedback control; nudging; downscaling ID NONLINEAR DISSIPATIVE SYSTEMS; DETERMINING MODES; VOLUME ELEMENTS; NUMBER; TURBULENCE; NODES AB We introduce a continuous data assimilation (downscaling) algorithm for the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations employing coarse mesh measurements of only one component of the velocity field. This algorithm can be implemented with a variety of finitely many observables: low Fourier modes, nodal values, finite volume averages, or finite elements. We provide conditions on the spatial resolution of the observed data, under the assumption that the observed data is free of noise, which are sufficient to show that the solution of the algorithm approaches, at an exponential rate asymptotically in time, to the unique exact unknown reference solution, of the 2D Navier-Stokes equations, associated with the observed (finite dimensional projection of) velocity. C1 [Farhat, Aseel] Univ Virginia, Dept Math, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Farhat, Aseel] Indiana Univ, Dept Math, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Lunasin, Evelyn] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. [Titi, Edriss S.] Texas A&M Univ, 3368 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Titi, Edriss S.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Comp Sci & Appl Math, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Farhat, A (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Math, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.; Farhat, A (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Math, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.; Lunasin, E (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.; Titi, ES (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, 3368 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.; Titi, ES (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Comp Sci & Appl Math, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. EM af7py@virginia.edu; lunasin@usna.edu; titi@math.tamu.edu FU NSF Grant [DMS-1418911, DMS-1109640, DMS-1109645]; ONR Grant [N001614WX30023, N00014-15-1-2333] FX The work of A.F. is supported in part by NSF Grant DMS-1418911. The work of E.L. is supported by the ONR Grant N001614WX30023. The work of E.S.T. is supported in part by the ONR grant N00014-15-1-2333 and the NSF grants DMS-1109640 and DMS-1109645. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-6928 EI 1422-6952 J9 J MATH FLUID MECH JI J. Math. Fluid Mech. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 18 IS 1 BP 1 EP 23 DI 10.1007/s00021-015-0225-6 PG 23 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA DE7NG UT WOS:000370823400001 ER PT J AU DeVries, L Kiriakidis, K AF DeVries, Levi Kiriakidis, Kiriakos TI Bio-Inspired Robotic Systems SO MECHANICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [DeVries, Levi] US Naval Acad, Dept Weap & Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Kiriakidis, Kiriakos] US Naval Acad, Dept Weap & Syst Engn, Estimat & Control, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP DeVries, L (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Weap & Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0025-6501 EI 1943-5649 J9 MECH ENG JI Mech. Eng. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 138 IS 3 PG 1 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DE9WG UT WOS:000370989500027 ER PT J AU Crosbie, E Wang, Z Sorooshian, A Chuang, PY Craven, JS Coggon, MM Brunke, M Zeng, XB Jonsson, H Woods, RK Flagan, RC Seinfeld, JH AF Crosbie, Ewan Wang, Zhen Sorooshian, Armin Chuang, Patrick Y. Craven, Jill S. Coggon, Matthew M. Brunke, Michael Zeng, Xubin Jonsson, Haflidi Woods, Roy K. Flagan, Richard C. Seinfeld, John H. TI Stratocumulus Cloud Clearings and Notable Thermodynamic and Aerosol Contrasts across the Clear-Cloudy Interface SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Aircraft observations; Atm/Ocean Structure/ Phenomena; North Pacific Ocean; Thermodynamics; Physical Meteorology and Climatology; Cloud cover; Observational techniques and algorithms; Aerosols; Boundary layer; Geographic location/entity ID 2011 E-PEACE; LOWER-TROPOSPHERIC STABILITY; ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; TRAPPED WIND REVERSALS; MARINE ATMOSPHERE; WEST-COAST; OPEN CELLS; AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS; SYNOPTIC EVOLUTION; ORGANIC-ACID AB Data from three research flights, conducted over water near the California coast, are used to investigate the boundary between stratocumulus cloud decks and clearings of different sizes. Large clearings exhibit a diurnal cycle with growth during the day and contraction overnight and a multiday life cycle that can include oscillations between growth and decay, whereas a small coastal clearing was observed to be locally confined with a subdiurnal lifetime. Subcloud aerosol characteristics are similar on both sides of the clear-cloudy boundary in the three cases, while meteorological properties exhibit subtle, yet important, gradients, implying that dynamics, and not microphysics, is the primary driver for the clearing characteristics. Transects, made at multiple levels across the cloud boundary during one flight, highlight the importance of microscale (similar to 1 km) structure in thermodynamic properties near the cloud edge, suggesting that dynamic forcing at length scales comparable to the convective eddy scale may be influential to the larger-scale characteristics of the clearing. These results have implications for modeling and observational studies of marine boundary layer clouds, especially in relation to aerosol-cloud interactions and scales of variability responsible for the evolution of stratocumulus clearings. C1 [Crosbie, Ewan; Sorooshian, Armin; Brunke, Michael; Zeng, Xubin] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Wang, Zhen; Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Chuang, Patrick Y.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Craven, Jill S.; Coggon, Matthew M.; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Jonsson, Haflidi; Woods, Roy K.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Ctr Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft S, Monterey, CA USA. RP Sorooshian, A (reprint author), Univ Arizona, POB 210011, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM armin@email.arizona.edu RI Coggon, Matthew/I-8604-2016; OI Coggon, Matthew/0000-0002-5763-1925; Zeng, Xubin/0000-0001-7352-2764; Sorooshian, Armin/0000-0002-2243-2264 FU NASA [NNX14AM02G]; ONR [N00014-11-1-0783, N00014-10-1-0200, N00014-10-1-0811]; Dreyfus Award [EP-11-117] FX All data used can be obtained from the corresponding author. This work was funded by NASA Grant NNX14AM02G and ONR Grants N00014-11-1-0783, N00014-10-1-0200, and N00014-10-1-0811. JSC acknowledges support from Dreyfus Award EP-11-117. The authors gratefully acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for the provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model and READY website (http://ready.arl.noaa.gov) used in this publication. Some of the analyses and visualizations used in this study were produced with the Giovanni online data system, developed and maintained by the NASA GES DISC. NR 65 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 17 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 73 IS 3 BP 1083 EP 1099 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-15-0137.1 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DE2YK UT WOS:000370493700001 ER PT J AU Baginski, S Demers, E Wang, C Yu, J AF Baginski, Stephen Demers, Elizabeth Wang, Chong Yu, Julia TI Contemporaneous verification of language: evidence from management earnings forecasts SO REVIEW OF ACCOUNTING STUDIES LA English DT Article DE Management forecasts; Linguistic tone; Cheap talk; Management incentives ID INFORMATION-CONTENT; ACCOUNTING RESEARCH; BAD-NEWS; MARKET; DISCLOSURE; CREDIBILITY; TONE; COMMUNICATION; ASSOCIATION; STATEMENTS AB Research documents that linguistic tone is incrementally informative about stock returns. What remains a puzzle is the mechanism by which investors can assess its credibility. We examine whether contemporaneous information in management earnings forecasts serves as a timely alternative to ex post verification. We document that ex post verifiable quantitative news in unbundled forecasts, and characteristics of the linguistic tone itself, affect investors' pricing of tone. Consistent with higher quality signals enhancing the credibility of contemporaneous lower quality signals, we find that quantitative news verifies the associated linguistic tone; when the two signals have the same sign, the price effect of tone is stronger. Furthermore, the pricing attenuation of tone is increasing in the imprecision of the quantitative forecast, suggesting that lower forecast quality compromises the quantitative signal's credibility enhancement. Managerial incentives to inflate tone lead to the verification effect being greater for optimistic language, while management's use of hyperbole results in attenuation of the tone's pricing. C1 [Baginski, Stephen] Univ Georgia, Terry Coll Business, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Demers, Elizabeth] Univ Virginia, Darden Grad Sch Business, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA. [Wang, Chong] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Yu, Julia] Nanyang Technol Univ, Nanyang Business Sch, Singapore 639798, Singapore. RP Baginski, S (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Terry Coll Business, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM baginski@terry.uga.edu; demerse@darden.virginia.edu; cwang@nps.edu; juliayu@ntu.edu.sg OI Yu, Yingri/0000-0003-4260-565X FU INSEAD Alumni Fund FX We thank workshop participants at University of Bocconi, University of Virginia (Darden), EDHEC, ESSEC, Exeter, IE Business School, the University of Notre Dame, the Stockholm School of Economics, the University of Verona, the 7th Interdisciplinary Workshop on Intangibles, Intellectual Capital & Extra-Financial Information in Warsaw, the 2012 Junior Faculty Accounting Research Symposium in Singapore, conference participants at the American Accounting Association (AAA) Annual Meetings in Denver, the European Accounting Association (EAA) Annual Congress in Rome, the University of Melbourne New Accounting Faculty Conference, and the 1st Accounting Conference at Catolica-Lisbon, Ben Ayers, Stephen V. Brown (AAA discussant), John Hassell, Karol Marek Klimczak (EAA discussant), Clive Lennox, Claudine Mangen, Shiheng Wang (University of Melbourne conference discussant), and Eric Yeung for helpful comments. We appreciate the programming assistance provided by Rajiv Jayaraman of Knolscape as well as Rashid Ansari. We thank Mary Boldrini, Pascale Gadroy, Cecile Maciulis, and Bingyun Wang for their research assistance and Craig Carroll for processing our text files using the Diction software. Demers is grateful for the research funding provided by the INSEAD Alumni Fund. Earlier versions of this study were circulated under the title "Understanding the Role of Language in Management Forecast Press Releases.'' NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-6653 EI 1573-7136 J9 REV ACCOUNT STUD JI Rev. Account. Stud. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 21 IS 1 BP 165 EP 197 DI 10.1007/s11142-015-9347-6 PG 33 WC Business, Finance SC Business & Economics GA DE7EF UT WOS:000370797100005 ER PT J AU Michael, TS Pinciu, V AF Michael, T. S. Pinciu, Val TI How to Guard Orthogonal Polygons: Diagonal Graphs and Vertex Covers SO DISCRETE & COMPUTATIONAL GEOMETRY LA English DT Article DE Art gallery theorem; Orthogonal polygon; Vertex cover; Visibility ID ART-GALLERY PROBLEMS; TRIANGLE-FREE GRAPHS AB We extend and unify most known results about guarding orthogonal polygons by introducing the same-sign diagonal graphs of a convex quadrangulation and applying results about vertex covers for graphs. Our approach also yields new theorems and often guarantees two disjoint vertex guard sets of relatively small cardinality. For instance, an orthogonal polygon on n vertices has two disjoint vertex guard sets of cardinality at most . We give new proofs of Aggarwal's one-hole theorem and the orthogonal fortress theorem. We prove that an orthogonal polygon with n vertices and any number of holes can be protected by at most vertex guards, improving the best known bound of . Also, an orthogonal polygon with n vertices and h holes can be protected by guarded guards, which is best possible when . Moreover, for orthogonal fortresses with n vertices, guarded guards are always sufficient and sometimes necessary. C1 [Michael, T. S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Pinciu, Val] So Connecticut State Univ, Dept Math, New Haven, CT 06515 USA. RP Pinciu, V (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM tsm@usna.edu; pinciuv1@southernct.edu NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0179-5376 EI 1432-0444 J9 DISCRETE COMPUT GEOM JI Discret. Comput. Geom. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 55 IS 2 BP 410 EP 422 DI 10.1007/s00454-015-9756-0 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA DD6PT UT WOS:000370046800007 ER PT J AU Carr, LE Borges, CF Giraldo, FX AF Carr, L. E., III Borges, C. F. Giraldo, F. X. TI Matrix-Free Polynomial-Based Nonlinear Least Squares Optimized Preconditioning and Its Application to Discontinuous Galerkin Discretizations of the Euler Equations SO JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Preconditioning; Polynomial preconditioner; Nonlinear least squares; Element-based Galerkin; Discontinuous Galerkin; Euler equations; Nonhydrostatic atmospheric model ID NONSYMMETRIC LINEAR-SYSTEMS; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; APPROXIMATE INVERSE PRECONDITIONER; ELEMENT; FORMULATIONS; SCHEMES; MODEL AB We introduce a preconditioner that can be both constructed and applied using only the ability to apply the underlying operator. Such a preconditioner can be very attractive in scenarios where one has a highly efficient parallel code for applying the operator. Our method constructs a polynomial preconditioner using a nonlinear least squares (NLLS) algorithm. We show that this polynomial-based NLLS-optimized (PBNO) preconditioner significantly improves the performance of a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) compressible Euler equation model when run in an implicit-explicit time integration mode; note that IMEX methods are valuable only for low Mach number flows. The PBNO preconditioner achieves significant reduction in GMRES iteration counts and model wall-clock time, and significantly outperforms several existing types of generalized (linear) least squares polynomial preconditioners. Comparisons of the ability of the PBNO preconditioner to improve DG model performance when employing the Stabilized Biconjugate Gradient algorithm (BICGS) and the basic Richardson iteration are also included. In particular, we show that higher order PBNO preconditioning of the Richardson iteration (run in a dot product free mode) makes the algorithm competitive with GMRES and BICGS in a serial computing environment. Because the NLLS-based algorithm used to construct the PBNO preconditioner can handle both positive definite and complex spectra without any need for algorithm modification, we suggest that the PBNO preconditioner is, for certain types of problems, an attractive alternative to existing polynomial preconditioners based on linear least-squares methods. C1 [Carr, L. E., III; Borges, C. F.; Giraldo, F. X.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Giraldo, FX (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM lecarr@nps.edu; borges@nps.edu; fxgirald@nps.edu FU Computational Mathematics program of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Office of Naval Research [PE-0602435N]; National Science Foundation (Division of Mathematical Sciences) [121670] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Computational Mathematics program of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, the Office of Naval Research through program element PE-0602435N, and the National Science Foundation (Division of Mathematical Sciences) through program element 121670. We also would like to thank Michal Kopera and several anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions for improving the manuscript. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0885-7474 EI 1573-7691 J9 J SCI COMPUT JI J. Sci. Comput. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 66 IS 3 BP 917 EP 940 DI 10.1007/s10915-015-0049-9 PG 24 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA DD4RY UT WOS:000369911500002 ER PT J AU Johnson, SD Glaser, ER Cheng, SF Eddy, CR Kub, F Gorzkowski, EP AF Johnson, Scooter D. Glaser, Evan R. Cheng, Shu-Fan Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Kub, Fritz Gorzkowski, Edward P. TI Thick-Film Yttrium Iron Garnet Coatings via Aerosol Deposition SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS E-MATERIALS FOR ENERGY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID INDUCTORS; TEMPERATURE; LINEWIDTH; SUBSTRATE AB Aerosol deposition is a thick-film deposition process that can produce layers up to several hundred micrometers thick with densities greater than 95 pct of the theoretical value. The primary advantage of aerosol deposition is that the deposition takes place entirely at room temperature, thereby enabling film growth in material systems with disparate melting temperatures. We show representative characterization results of yttrium iron garnet thick films deposited onto a < 111 > gadolinium gallium garnet substrate by aerosol deposition using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, profilometry, vibrating sample magnetometry, and ferromagnetic resonance. To further elucidate the effect of density and grain size on the magnetic properties, we perform post-deposition annealing of the films to study the effect on the structural and magnetic properties of the films. Our results indicate that our system can successfully deposit dense, thick yttrium iron garnet films and that with moderate annealing the films can achieve a ferromagnetic resonance linewidth comparable to that reported for polycrystalline films deposited by other higher temperature growth techniques. (C) ASM International (ASM) and The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) 2016 C1 [Johnson, Scooter D.; Glaser, Evan R.; Cheng, Shu-Fan; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.; Kub, Fritz; Gorzkowski, Edward P.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gorzkowski, EP (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Edward.gorzkowski@nrl.navy.mil NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 2196-2936 EI 2196-2944 J9 METALL MATER TRANS E JI Metall. Mater. Trans. E-Mater. Energy Syst. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 3 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1007/s40553-015-0063-8 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EL0TV UT WOS:000394335600001 ER PT J AU Tavana, M Liu, WR Elmore, P Petry, FE Bourgeois, BS AF Tavana, Madjid Liu, Weiru Elmore, Paul Petry, Frederick E. Bourgeois, Brian S. TI A practical taxonomy of methods and literature for managing uncertain spatial data in geographic information systems SO MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article DE Uncertainty; Spatial data; Geographic information systems; Taxonomy; Literature review ID BELIEF FUNCTIONS; FUZZY-SETS; COMBINATION; FRAMEWORK AB Perfect information is seldom available to man or machines due to uncertainties inherent in real world problems. Uncertainties in geographic information systems (GIS) stem from either vague/ambiguous or imprecise/inaccurate/incomplete information and it is necessary for GIS to develop tools and techniques to manage these uncertainties. There is a widespread agreement in the GIS community that although GIS has the potential to support a wide range of spatial data analysis problems, this potential is often hindered by the lack of consistency and uniformity. Uncertainties come in many shapes and forms, and processing uncertain spatial data requires a practical taxonomy to aid decision makers in choosing the most suitable data modeling and analysis method. In this paper, we: (1) review important developments in handling uncertainties when working with spatial data and GIS applications; (2) propose a taxonomy of models for dealing with uncertainties in GIS; and (3) identify current challenges and future research directions in spatial data analysis and GIS for managing uncertainties. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Tavana, Madjid] La Salle Univ, Distinguished Chair Business Analyt, Business Syst & Analyt Dept, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. [Tavana, Madjid] Univ Paderborn, Fac Business Adm & Econ, Business Informat Syst Dept, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany. [Liu, Weiru] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Elect Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland. [Elmore, Paul; Petry, Frederick E.; Bourgeois, Brian S.] Stennis Space Ctr, Naval Res Lab, Geospatial Sci & Technol Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Tavana, M (reprint author), La Salle Univ, Distinguished Chair Business Analyt, Business Syst & Analyt Dept, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. EM tavana@lasalle.edu; w.liu@qub.ac.uk; paul.elmore@nrlssc.navy.mil; fred.petry@nrlssc.navy.mil; bsb2@nrlssc.navy.mil FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory [N000141310505] FX This research is supported in part by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory grant number N000141310505. The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers and the editor for their insightful comments and suggestions. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0263-2241 EI 1873-412X J9 MEASUREMENT JI Measurement PD MAR PY 2016 VL 81 BP 123 EP 162 DI 10.1016/j.measurement.2015.12.007 PG 40 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA DB1IP UT WOS:000368262100013 ER PT J AU Kaku, KC Reid, JS Reid, EA Ross-Langerman, K Piketh, S Cliff, S Al Mandoos, A Broccardo, S Zhao, YJ Zhang, JL Perry, KD AF Kaku, Kathleen C. Reid, Jeffrey S. Reid, Elizabeth A. Ross-Langerman, Kristy Piketh, Stuart Cliff, Steven Al Mandoos, Abdulla Broccardo, Stephen Zhao, Yongjing Zhang, Jianglong Perry, Kevin D. TI Investigation of the relative fine and coarse mode aerosol loadings and properties in the Southern Arabian Gulf region SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Arabian Gulf; Dust aerosols; PM2.5; Trace metals; Positive matrix factorization ID POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; CHARACTERIZING MINERAL DUSTS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SAUDI-ARABIA; ESTIMATING UNCERTAINTY; PARTICULATE MATTER; RIYADH CITY; PARTICLES; NITRATE; SAMPLES AB The aerosol chemistry environment of the Arabian Gulf region is extraordinarily complex, with high concentrations of dust aerosols from surrounding deserts mixed with anthropogenic aerosols originating from a large petrochemical industry and pockets of highly urbanized areas. Despite the high levels of aerosols experienced by this region, little research has been done to explore the chemical composition of both the anthropogenic and mineral dust portion of the aerosol burden. The intensive portion of the United Arab Emirates Unified Aerosol Experiment (UAE(2)), conducted during August and September 2004 was designed in part to resolve the aerosol chemistry through the use of multiple size-segregated aerosol samplers. The coarse mode mass (derived by subtracting the PM2.5 aerosol mass from the PM-to mass) is largely dust at 76% +/- 7% of the total coarse mode mass, but is significantly impacted by anthropogenic pollution, primarily sulfate and nitrate. The PM2.5 aerosol mass also contains a large dust burden, at 38% +/- 26%, but the anthropogenic component dominates. The total aerosol burden has significant impact not only on the atmosphere, but also the local population, as the air quality levels for both the PM10 and PM2.5 aerosol masses reached unhealthy levels for 24% of the days sampled. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kaku, Kathleen C.] Naval Res Lab, CSC, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Reid, Jeffrey S.; Reid, Elizabeth A.] Naval Res Lab, Aerosol & Radiat Sect, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Ross-Langerman, Kristy] Eskom Holdings SOC Ltd, ZA-2000 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Piketh, Stuart; Broccardo, Stephen] North West Univ, Sch Geo & Spatial Sci, Unit Environm Sci & Management, ZA-2531 Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Cliff, Steven; Zhao, Yongjing] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Al Mandoos, Abdulla] Natl Ctr Meteorol & Seismol, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Zhang, Jianglong] Univ N Dakota, Dept Atmospher Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Perry, Kevin D.] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Kaku, KC (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, CSC, Aerosol & Radiat Sect, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM kkaku@csc.com; jeffrey.reid@nrlmry.navy.mil; elizabeth.reid@nrlmry.navy.mil; kristy.ross@eskom.co.za; stuart.piketh@nwu.ac.za; sscliff@ucdavis.edu; AMandoos@ncms.ae; sbroccardo@gmail.com; yjzhao@ucdavis.edu; jzhang@aero.und.edu; kevin.perry@utah.edu RI Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014 OI Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Naval Research [32]; Naval Research Laboratory Base Program; NASA Radiation Sciences Program [N0001415WX00854] FX The UAE2 mission required the help and assistance of a number of individuals from all of the participating organizations as listed in the author list. Particular thanks are to the staff of the Department of Water Resource Studies (DAS; now the UAE National Centre of Meteorology and Seismology) and the South African air and ground maintenance crews and the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research Code 32, the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program and the NASA Radiation Sciences Program grant number N0001415WX00854. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0169-8095 EI 1873-2895 J9 ATMOS RES JI Atmos. Res. PD MAR 1 PY 2016 VL 169 BP 171 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.09.029 PN A PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CZ1PZ UT WOS:000366879100017 ER PT J AU Cheng, SF Cobas, E van't Erve, OMJ Jonker, BT AF Cheng, Shufan Cobas, Enrique van't Erve, Olaf M. J. Jonker, Berend T. TI Preparation and characterization of bottom ferromagnetic electrode for graphene based magnetic junction SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Magnetic junction; Graphene; Magnetic electrode; Chemical vapor deposition ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; GROWTH; NICKEL; FILMS; MECHANISMS AB Magnetic multilayer stacks incorporating several layers of graphene have been predicted to produce very high magnetoresistance and high conductivity, a combination of properties that would be useful in magnetic sensors and future spin-based data storage and processing technologies such as MRAM. To realize the theoretically modeled heterostructures and probe their properties, a clean, high-quality graphene-ferromagnet interface, such as one that results from CVD of graphene directly on ferromagnetic films, is required. However, past works using Ni and Co films for CVD of graphene employ the ferromagnetic film as a sacrificial layer to be dissolved after graphene growth and ignore changes to its morphology and magnetic properties. Here we investigated the effect of graphene CVD growth conditions on the properties of Co, Ni, Co90Fe10 and Ni80Fe20 ferromagnetic films. The magnetic films were grown by dc magnetron sputtering with different growth conditions onto c-Al2O3, Si/AIN and MgO substrates. The crystalline orientation, surface morphology/roughness and magnetic properties of the films were measured using X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry, respectively. Cobalt films grown at 500 degrees C were found to be hcp and heteroepitaxial on c-Al2O3. CoFe, Ni, and NiFe films on c-Al2O3 were found to be fcc and to be (111) textured but with grains having in-plane rotation differing by 60. The CoFe and NiFe films on c-Al2O3 retained their small coercivity and high remanence while the pure Co and Ni films exhibited much smaller remanence after graphene growth, making them unsuitable for magnetic memory technologies. Films on Si/AIN were found to have the same rotational domains as those on sapphire c-Al2O3. The NiFe films on (111) MgO were found to be mostly single domain. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Cheng, Shufan; Cobas, Enrique; van't Erve, Olaf M. J.; Jonker, Berend T.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Cheng, SF (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Shu.Cheng@nrl.navy.mil; Enrique.Cobas@nrl.navy.mil; Olaf.vantErve@nrl.navy.mil; Berry.Jonker@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research, United States 6.2 research FX This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research, United States 6.2 research. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 EI 1873-4766 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD MAR 1 PY 2016 VL 401 BP 906 EP 913 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2015.10.113 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA CY7JS UT WOS:000366585200128 ER PT J AU Pautet, PD Taylor, MJ Fritts, DC Bossert, K Williams, BP Broutman, D Ma, J Eckermann, SD Doyle, JD AF Pautet, P. -D. Taylor, M. J. Fritts, D. C. Bossert, K. Williams, B. P. Broutman, D. Ma, J. Eckermann, S. D. Doyle, J. D. TI Large-amplitude mesospheric response to an orographic wave generated over the Southern Ocean Auckland Islands (50.7 degrees S) during the DEEPWAVE project SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE mesospheric gravity waves; orographic source ID ATMOSPHERIC GRAVITY-WAVES; STARFIRE OPTICAL-RANGE; MOMENTUM FLUX; OH AIRGLOW; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; MESOSCALE VARIABILITY; LOWER STRATOSPHERE; JET-STREAM; THUNDERSTORM; CONVECTION AB The Deep Propagating Gravity Wave Experiment (DEEPWAVE) project was conducted over New Zealand and the surrounding regions during June and July 2014, to more fully understand the generation, propagation, and effects of atmospheric gravity waves. A large suite of instruments collected data from the ground to the upper atmosphere (similar to 100km), with several new remote-sensing instruments operating on board the NSF Gulfstream V (GV) research aircraft, which was the central measurement platform of the project. On 14 July, during one of the research flights (research flight 23), a spectacular event was observed as the GV flew in the lee of the sub-Antarctic Auckland Islands (50.7 degrees S). An apparent ship wave pattern was imaged in the OH layer (at similar to 83.5km) by the Utah State University Advanced Mesospheric Temperature Mapper and evolved significantly over four successive passes spanning more than 4h. The waves were associated with orographic forcing generated by relatively strong (15-20m/s) near-surface wind flowing over the rugged island topography. The mountain wave had an amplitude T similar to 10K, a dominant horizontal wavelength similar to 40km, achieved a momentum flux exceeding 300m(2)s(-2), and eventually exhibited instability and breaking at the OH altitude. This case of deep mountain wave propagation demonstrates the potential for strong responses in the mesosphere arising from a small source under suitable propagation conditions and suggests that such cases may be more common than previously believed. C1 [Pautet, P. -D.; Taylor, M. J.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Fritts, D. C.; Bossert, K.; Williams, B. P.] GATS Inc, Boulder, CO USA. [Broutman, D.; Ma, J.] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA USA. [Eckermann, S. D.] Naval Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Doyle, J. D.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Pautet, PD (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM dominiquepautet@gmail.com FU NSF [AGS-1061892, AGS-1261619, AGS-1338666, AGS-1338646, AGS-1338557]; NRL [PE0601153N] FX The development of the upper atmosphere instruments used on board the GV aircraft was funded by the NSF grants AGS-1061892 (USU) and AGS-1261619 (GATS). The DEEPWAVE campaign was sponsored by the NSF grants AGS-1338666 (USU), AGS-1338646 (GATS), and AGS-1338557 (CPI). The NRL investigators are supported by the Chief of Naval Research through the NRL base program PE0601153N. The authors would like to thank R. Esplin and D. McLain, from the Space Dynamics Laboratory, as well as W.R. Pendleton Jr. Without their work the AMTM would not be such a high-quality instrument. They also would like to thank the NCAR/EOL personnel for their tremendous contribution and the U.S. Antarctic Program for allowing us to operate the field campaign from their offices in Christchurch. NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 27 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 4 BP 1431 EP 1441 DI 10.1002/2015JD024336 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DH7MK UT WOS:000372977900003 ER PT J AU Soykal, OO Dev, P Economou, SE AF Soykal, Oe O. Dev, Pratibha Economou, Sophia E. TI Silicon vacancy center in 4H-SiC: Electronic structure and spin-photon interfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; AMBIENT CONDITIONS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; COHERENT CONTROL; MAGNETIC-FIELD; DIAMOND SPINS; CARBIDE; DEFECTS; QUBITS; ENTANGLEMENT AB Defects in silicon carbide are of intense and increasing interest for quantum-based applications due to this material's properties and technological maturity. We calculate the multiparticle symmetry-adapted wave functions of the negatively charged silicon vacancy defect in hexagonal silicon carbide via use of group theory and density functional theory and find the effects of spin-orbit and spin-spin interactions on these states. Although we focused on V-Si in 4H-SiC because of its unique fine structure due to the odd number of active electrons, our methods can be easily applied to other defect centers of different polytypes, especially to the 6H-SiC. Based on these results, we identify the mechanism that polarizes the spin under optical drive, obtain the ordering of its dark doublet states, point out a path for electric field or strain sensing, and find the theoretical value of its ground-state zero-field splitting to be 68 MHz, in good agreement with experiment. Moreover, we present two distinct protocols of a spin-photon interface based on this defect. Our results pave the way toward quantum information and quantum metrology applications with silicon carbide. C1 [Soykal, Oe O.; Dev, Pratibha; Economou, Sophia E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dev, Pratibha] Howard Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Economou, Sophia E.] Virginia Tech, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Soykal, OO (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU ONR FX This work was supported in part by ONR. Computer resources were provided by the DoD HPCMP. O.O.S. and P.D. acknowledge National Academy of Sciences NRC-Research Associateship Program. We thank S. Carter, S.-Y. Lee, and A. De for comments on the manuscript. NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 26 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 8 AR 081207 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.081207 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DE7UH UT WOS:000370841700001 ER PT J AU Osofsky, MS Krowne, CM Charipar, KM Bussmann, K Chervin, CN Pala, IR Rolison, DR AF Osofsky, M. S. Krowne, C. M. Charipar, K. M. Bussmann, K. Chervin, C. N. Pala, I. R. Rolison, D. R. TI Disordered RuO2 exhibits two dimensional, low-mobility transport and a metal-insulator transition SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID THIN COPPER-FILMS; 2 DIMENSIONS; SCALING THEORY; ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS; WEAK-LOCALIZATION; LOW-TEMPERATURES; MONOLAYER MOS2; FERMI-LIQUID; CONDUCTIVITY; RESISTANCE AB The discovery of low-dimensional metallic systems such as high-mobility metal oxide field-effect transistors, the cuprate superconductors, and conducting oxide interfaces (e.g., LaAlO3/SrTiO3) has stimulated research into the nature of electronic transport in two-dimensional systems given that the seminal theory for transport in disordered metals predicts that the metallic state cannot exist in two dimensions (2D). In this report, we demonstrate the existence of a metal-insulator transition (MIT) in highly disordered RuO2 nanoskins with carrier concentrations that are one-to-six orders of magnitude higher and with mobilities that are one-to-six orders of magnitude lower than those reported previously for 2D oxides. The presence of an MIT and the accompanying atypical electronic characteristics place this form of the oxide in a highly diffusive, strong disorder regime and establishes the existence of a metallic state in 2D that is analogous to the three-dimensional case. C1 [Osofsky, M. S.; Charipar, K. M.; Bussmann, K.] US Naval Res Lab, Mat & Sensors Branch Code 6360, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Krowne, C. M.] US Naval Res Lab, Electromagnet Technol Branch Code 6850, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Chervin, C. N.; Pala, I. R.; Rolison, D. R.] US Naval Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch Code 6170, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Osofsky, MS (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Mat & Sensors Branch Code 6360, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.osofsky@nrl.navy.mil; rolison@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; U.S. National Research Council FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The authors wish to acknowledge Steve Hair for providing data processing software. I.R.P. acknowledges the U.S. National Research Council for a Postdoctoral Fellowship (2012-2015). NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 24 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD FEB 26 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 21836 DI 10.1038/srep21836 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DE8AR UT WOS:000370858700001 PM 26915411 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Adkins, JK Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alekseev, I Aparin, A Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, EC Attri, A Averichev, GS Bai, X Bairathi, V Bellwied, R Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattarai, P Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Bouchet, J Brandenburg, JD Brandin, AV Bunzarov, I Butterworth, J Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Campbell, JM Cebra, D Chakaberia, I Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chatterjee, A Chattopadhyay, S Chen, JH Chen, X Cheng, J Cherney, M Christie, W Contin, G Crawford, HJ Das, S De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA di Ruzza, B Didenko, L Dilks, C Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Engelage, J Eppley, G Esha, R Evdokimov, O Eyser, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Federic, P Fedorisin, J Feng, Z Filip, P Fisyak, Y Flores, CE Fulek, L Gagliardi, CA Garand, D Geurts, F Gibson, A Girard, M Greiner, L Grosnick, D Gunarathne, DS Guo, Y Gupta, S Gupta, A Guryn, W Hamad, AI Hamed, A Haque, R Harris, JW He, L Heppelmann, S Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Horvat, S Huang, T Huang, X Huang, B Huang, HZ Huck, P Humanic, TJ Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jang, H Jentsch, A Jia, J Jiang, K Judd, EG Kabana, S Kalinkin, D Kang, K Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Khan, ZH Kikola, DP Kisel, I Kisiel, A Kochenda, L Koetke, DD Kosarzewski, LK Kraishan, AF Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Landry, KD Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Li, X Li, C Li, X Li, Y Li, W Lin, T Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Lomnitz, M Longacre, RS Luo, X Ma, R Ma, GL Ma, YG Ma, L Magdy, N Majka, R Manion, A Margetis, S Markert, C Matis, HS McDonald, D McKinzie, S Meehan, K Mei, JC Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mishra, D Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Mustafa, MK Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nigmatkulov, G Niida, T Nogach, LV Noh, SY Novak, J Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Okorokov, VA Olvitt, D Page, BS Pak, R Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Pile, P Pluta, J Poniatowska, K Porter, J Posik, M Poskanzer, AM Pruthi, NK Putschke, J Qiu, H Quintero, A Ramachandran, S Raniwala, S Raniwala, R Ray, RL Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ruan, L Rusnak, J Rusnakova, O Sahoo, NR Sahu, PK Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, WB Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shanmuganathan, PV Shao, M Sharma, A Sharma, B Sharma, MK Shen, WQ Shi, Z Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Sikora, R Simko, M Singha, S Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Smirnov, D Solyst, W Song, L Sorensen, P Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Stepanov, M Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Sumbera, M Summa, B Sun, Z Sun, XM Sun, Y Surrow, B Svirida, DN Tang, Z Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Tawfik, A Thader, J Thomas, JH Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Todoroki, T Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Tripathy, SK Tsai, OD Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Upsal, I Van Buren, G Van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vandenbroucke, M Varma, R Vasiliev, AN Vertesi, R Videbaek, F Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wang, F Wang, G Wang, JS Wang, H Wang, Y Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Wen, L Westfall, GD Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xiao, ZG Xie, W Xie, G Xin, K Xu, YF Xu, QH Xu, N Xu, H Xu, Z Xu, J Yang, S Yang, Y Yang, Y Yang, C Yang, Y Yang, Q Ye, Z Ye, Z Yepes, P Yi, L Yip, K Yoo, IK Yu, N Zbroszczyk, H Zha, W Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, J Zhang, J Zhang, S Zhang, S Zhang, Z Zhang, JB Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhou, L Zhu, X Zoulkarneeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Adamczyk, L. Adkins, J. K. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alekseev, I. Aparin, A. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. C. Attri, A. Averichev, G. S. Bai, X. Bairathi, V. Bellwied, R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhattarai, P. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Bouchet, J. Brandenburg, J. D. Brandin, A. V. Bunzarov, I. Butterworth, J. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Campbell, J. M. Cebra, D. Chakaberia, I. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chatterjee, A. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, J. H. Chen, X. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Christie, W. Contin, G. Crawford, H. J. Das, S. De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. di Ruzza, B. Didenko, L. Dilks, C. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Esha, R. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Federic, P. Fedorisin, J. Feng, Z. Filip, P. Fisyak, Y. Flores, C. E. Fulek, L. Gagliardi, C. A. Garand, D. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Girard, M. Greiner, L. Grosnick, D. Gunarathne, D. S. Guo, Y. Gupta, S. Gupta, A. Guryn, W. Hamad, A. I. Hamed, A. Haque, R. Harris, J. W. He, L. Heppelmann, S. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Horvat, S. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jang, H. Jentsch, A. Jia, J. Jiang, K. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kalinkin, D. Kang, K. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Khan, Z. H. Kikola, D. P. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Kochenda, L. Koetke, D. D. Kosarzewski, L. K. Kraishan, A. F. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Landry, K. D. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Li, X. Li, C. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, W. Lin, T. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Lomnitz, M. Longacre, R. S. Luo, X. Ma, R. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Ma, L. Magdy, N. Majka, R. Manion, A. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McKinzie, S. Meehan, K. Mei, J. C. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mishra, D. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Mustafa, M. K. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nigmatkulov, G. Niida, T. Nogach, L. V. Noh, S. Y. Novak, J. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Okorokov, V. A. Olvitt, D., Jr. Page, B. S. Pak, R. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Pile, P. Pluta, J. Poniatowska, K. Porter, J. Posik, M. Poskanzer, A. M. Pruthi, N. K. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Quintero, A. Ramachandran, S. Raniwala, S. Raniwala, R. Ray, R. L. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Rusnakova, O. Sahoo, N. R. Sahu, P. K. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shanmuganathan, P. V. Shao, M. Sharma, A. Sharma, B. Sharma, M. K. Shen, W. Q. Shi, Z. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Sikora, R. Simko, M. Singha, S. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Smirnov, D. Solyst, W. Song, L. Sorensen, P. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Stepanov, M. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Sumbera, M. Summa, B. Sun, Z. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Tang, Z. Tang, A. H. Tarnowsky, T. Tawfik, A. Thaeder, J. Thomas, J. H. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Todoroki, T. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Tripathy, S. K. Tsai, O. D. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Upsal, I. Van Buren, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vandenbroucke, M. Varma, R. Vasiliev, A. N. Vertesi, R. Videbaek, F. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, H. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Wen, L. Westfall, G. D. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xiao, Z. G. Xie, W. Xie, G. Xin, K. Xu, Y. F. Xu, Q. H. Xu, N. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Xu, J. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yang, C. Yang, Y. Yang, Q. Ye, Z. Ye, Z. Yepes, P. Yi, L. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Yu, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zha, W. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, J. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, S. Zhang, Z. Zhang, J. B. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhou, L. Zhu, X. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zyzak, M. CA STAR Collaboration TI Probing parton dynamics of QCD matter with Omega and phi production SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; MESON PRODUCTION; FREEZE-OUT; COLLISIONS; ENERGY; STRANGENESS; DEPENDENCE; AU AB We present measurements of Omega and phi production at midrapidity from Au+Au collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energiesv root s(NN) = 7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, and 39 GeV by the STAR experiment at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Motivated by the coalescence formation mechanism for these strange hadrons, we study the ratios of N(Omega(-)+Omega(+))/[2N(phi)]. These ratios as a function of transverse momentum p(T) fall on a consistent trend at high collision energies, but start to show deviations in peripheral collisions at root s(NN) = 19.6, 27, and 39 GeV, and in central collisions at 11.5 GeV in the intermediate p(T) region of 2.4-3.6 GeV/c. We further evaluate empirically the strange quark p(T) distributions at hadronization by studying the Omega/phi ratios scaled by the number of constituent quarks (NCQ). The NCQ-scaled Omega/phi ratios show a suppression of strange quark production in central collisions at 11.5 GeV compared to root s(NN) >= 19.6 GeV. The shapes of the presumably thermal strange quark distributions in 0-60% most central collisions at 7.7 GeV show significant deviations from those in 0-10% most central collisions at higher energies. These features suggest that there is likely a change of the underlying strange quark dynamics in the transition from quark matter to hadronic matter at collision energies below 19.6 GeV. 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[Bairathi, V.; Haque, R.; Mishra, D.; Mohanty, B.] Nat Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Huang, T.; Yang, Y.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Campbell, J. M.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Upsal, I.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Pawlik, B.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Attri, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Dilks, C.; Heppelmann, S.; Summa, B.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia. [Garand, D.; He, L.; Hirsch, A.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B.; Stepanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Xie, W.; Zhao, J.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 46241, South Korea. 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A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Tawfik, A.] WLCAPP, Cairo 11571, Egypt. [Caines, H.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.; Yi, L.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Adamczyk, L (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RI Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Yi, Li/Q-1705-2016; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Tawfik, Abdel Nasser/M-6220-2013; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Gunarathne, Devika/C-4903-2017; OI Sorensen, Paul/0000-0001-5056-9391; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Yi, Li/0000-0002-7512-2657; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Tawfik, Abdel Nasser/0000-0002-1679-0225; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Gunarathne, Devika/0000-0002-7155-7418; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536 FU RHIC Operations Group at BNL; RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; KISTI Center in Korea; Open Science Grid consortium; Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of China; NNSFC of China; CAS of China; MoST (973 Program) of China [2014CB845400]; MoE of China; Korean Research Foundation of the Czech Republic; GA of the Czech Republic; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FIAS of Germany; DAE of India; DST of India; UGC of India; National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, the KISTI Center in Korea, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. We also thank Rudolph C. Hwa for valuable discussions. This work was supported in part by the Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST (973 Program No. 2014CB845400) and MoE of China, the Korean Research Foundation, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FIAS of Germany, DAE, DST, and UGC of India, the National Science Centre of Poland, National Research Foundation, the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB 24 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 2 AR 021903 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.93.021903 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA DE7FC UT WOS:000370799800001 ER PT J AU Tang, YX Gao, HX Mitchell, LA Parrish, DA Shreeve, JM AF Tang, Yongxing Gao, Haixiang Mitchell, Lauren A. Parrish, Damon A. Shreeve, Jean'ne M. TI Syntheses and Promising Properties of Dense Energetic 5,5-Dinitramino-3,3-azo-1,2,4-oxadiazole and Its Salts SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE azo bridge; energetic materials; nitramino group; oxadiazole; planar structure ID INDEPENDENT CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; SENSITIVITY; AZO; 1,2,4-OXADIAZOLES; EXPLOSIVES; COMPOUND; NICS AB A planar energetic molecule with high density, 5,5-dinitramino-3,3-azo-1,2,4-oxadiazole (4), was obtained by the nitration of 5,5-diamino-3,3-azo-1,2,4-oxadiazole using 100% nitric acid. In addition, selected nitrogen-rich salts were prepared. Of them, the neutral compound 4 and its hydroxylammonium salt, 6, were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Physicochemical and energetic properties including density, thermal stability, and sensitivity were investigated. The energetic performance from the calculated heats of formation and experimental densities indicates that many of them have potential applications as energetic materials. C1 [Tang, Yongxing; Shreeve, Jean'ne M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Gao, Haixiang] China Agr Univ, Dept Appl Chem, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Mitchell, Lauren A.; Parrish, Damon A.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shreeve, JM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.; Gao, HX (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Dept Appl Chem, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM hxgao@cau.edu.cn; jshreeve@uidaho.edu OI Mitchell, Lauren/0000-0002-1311-0108 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P20 GM103546, P20GM103546] NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 14 U2 47 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 EI 1521-3773 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PD FEB 24 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 9 BP 3200 EP 3203 DI 10.1002/anie.201600068 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DE5FI UT WOS:000370656200043 PM 26822007 ER PT J AU Spann, BT Compton, R Ratchford, D Long, JP Dunkelberger, AD Klein, PB Giles, AJ Caldwell, JD Owrutsky, JC AF Spann, Bryan T. Compton, Ryan Ratchford, Daniel Long, James P. Dunkelberger, Adam D. Klein, Paul B. Giles, Alexander J. Caldwell, Joshua D. Owrutsky, Jeffrey C. TI Photoinduced tunability of the reststrahlen band in 4H-SiC SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SURFACE PHONON POLARITONS; RAMAN-SCATTERING; BORON-NITRIDE; CARRIER CONCENTRATION; GRAPHENE PLASMONS; LIGHT; MODE; GAAS AB Materials with a negative dielectric permittivity (e.g., metals) display high reflectance and can be shaped into nanoscale optical resonators exhibiting extreme mode confinement, a central theme of nanophotonics. However, the ability to actively tune these effects remains elusive. By photoexciting free carriers in 4H-SiC, we induce dramatic changes in reflectance near the "reststrahlen band" where the permittivity is negative due to charge oscillations of the polar optical phonons in the midinfrared. We infer carrier-induced changes in the permittivity required for useful tunability (similar to 40 cm(-1)) in nanoscale resonators, providing a direct avenue towards the realization of actively tunable nanophotonic devices in the midinfrared to terahertz spectral range. C1 [Spann, Bryan T.; Compton, Ryan; Ratchford, Daniel; Long, James P.; Dunkelberger, Adam D.; Giles, Alexander J.; Caldwell, Joshua D.; Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Klein, Paul B.] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. RP Caldwell, JD; Owrutsky, JC (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil; jeff.owrutsky@nrl.navy.mil RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; Spann, Bryan /P-3583-2014 OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Spann, Bryan /0000-0002-6184-3437 FU U.S. Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory Nanoscience Institute; National Research Council FX The authors wish to acknowledge support from the U.S. Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory Nanoscience Institute. B.T.S, R.C., A.D.D., and A.J.G. thank the National Research Council for support in administering their postdoctoral fellowships at NRL. The authors would like to thank Igor Vurgaftman (NRL), Chris Kendziora (NRL), Orest Glembocki (NRL), and Jon Schuller (University of California-Santa Barbara) for helpful discussions. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 14 U2 30 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 24 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 8 AR 085205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.085205 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DE7EI UT WOS:000370797400004 ER PT J AU Haran, FJ Dretsch, MN Slaboda, JC Johnson, DE Adam, OR Tsao, JW AF Haran, F. Jay Dretsch, Michael N. Slaboda, Jill C. Johnson, Dagny E. Adam, Octavian R. Tsao, Jack W. TI Comparison of baseline-referenced versus norm-referenced analytical approaches for in-theatre assessment of mild traumatic brain injury neurocognitive impairment SO BRAIN INJURY LA English DT Article DE normative; baseline; neurocognitive; ANAMA; military; mTBI ID SPORTS-RELATED CONCUSSION; ASSOCIATION POSITION STATEMENT; ASSESSMENT METRICS ANAM; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT; CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE; TEST-PERFORMANCE; NORMATIVE DATA; MANAGEMENT; UTILITY; ENVIRONMENT AB Primary objective: To examine differences between the baseline-referenced and norm-referenced approaches for determining decrements in Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics Version 4 TBI-MIL (ANAM) performance following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Research design: ANAM data were reviewed for 616 US Service members, with 528 of this sample having experienced an mTBI and 88 were controls. Methods and procedures: Post-injury change scores were calculated for each sub-test: (1) normative change score = in-theater score - normative mean and (2) baseline change score = in-theater score - pre-deployment baseline. Reliable change cut-scores were applied to the change and the resulting frequency distributions were compared using McNemar tests. Receiver operator curves (ROC) using both samples (i.e. mTBI and control) were calculated for the change scores for each approach to determine the discriminate ability of the ANAM. Main outcomes and results: There were no statistical differences, p < 0.05 (Bonferonni-Holm corrected), between the approaches. When the area under the curve for the ROCs were averaged across sub-tests, there were no significant differences between either the norm-referenced (0.65) or baseline-referenced (0.66) approaches, p > 0.05. Conclusions: Overall, the findings suggest there is no clear advantage of using the baseline-referenced approach over norm-referenced approach. C1 [Haran, F. Jay] Naval Submarine Med Res Lab, Groton, CT USA. [Dretsch, Michael N.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Natl Intrepid Ctr Excellence, Bethesda, MD USA. [Slaboda, Jill C.] Geneva Fdn, Tacoma, WA USA. [Johnson, Dagny E.] Eyak Dev Corp, Arlington, VA USA. [Adam, Octavian R.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Tsao, Jack W.] US Navy, Bur Med & Surg, Arlington, VA USA. RP Haran, FJ (reprint author), Naval Submarine Med Res Lab, Warfighter Performance Dept, Naval Submarine Base New London Box 900, Groton, CT 06349 USA. EM francis.j.haran.mil@mail.mil FU US Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Project [255] FX This report was supported by the US Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Project #255. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. This study protocol was reviewed by the Navy Experimental Diving Unit Institutional Review Board and determined to not qualify as human subject research in compliance with all applicable Federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects. LT Haran and MAJ Dretsch are military service members. This work was prepared as part of their official duties. The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0269-9052 EI 1362-301X J9 BRAIN INJURY JI Brain Inj. PD FEB 23 PY 2016 VL 30 IS 3 BP 280 EP 286 DI 10.3109/02699052.2015.1118766 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA DG9QM UT WOS:000372418900005 PM 26909463 ER PT J AU Flanigan, D McCarrick, H Jones, G Johnson, BR Abitbol, MH Ade, P Araujo, D Bradford, K Cantor, R Che, G Day, P Doyle, S Kjellstrand, CB Leduc, H Limon, M Luu, V Mauskopf, P Miller, A Mroczkowski, T Tucker, C Zmuidzinas, J AF Flanigan, D. McCarrick, H. Jones, G. Johnson, B. R. Abitbol, M. H. Ade, P. Araujo, D. Bradford, K. Cantor, R. Che, G. Day, P. Doyle, S. Kjellstrand, C. B. Leduc, H. Limon, M. Luu, V. Mauskopf, P. Miller, A. Mroczkowski, T. Tucker, C. Zmuidzinas, J. TI Photon noise from chaotic and coherent millimeter-wave sources measured with horn-coupled, aluminum lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLUCTUATIONS AB We report photon-noise limited performance of horn-coupled, aluminum lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors at millimeter wavelengths. The detectors are illuminated by a millimeter-wave source that uses an active multiplier chain to produce radiation between 140 and 160 GHz. We feed the multiplier with either amplified broadband noise or a continuous-wave tone from a microwave signal generator. We demonstrate that the detector response over a 40 dB range of source power is well-described by a simple model that considers the number of quasiparticles. The detector noise-equivalent power (NEP) is dominated by photon noise when the absorbed power is greater than approximately 1 pW, which corresponds to NEP approximate to 2 x 10(-17) WH z(-1/2), referenced to absorbed power. At higher source power levels, we observe the relationships between noise and power expected from the photon statistics of the source signal: NEP proportional to P for broadband (chaotic) illumination and NEP proportional to P-1/2 for continuous-wave (coherent) illumination. (C) 2016 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. C1 [Flanigan, D.; McCarrick, H.; Jones, G.; Johnson, B. R.; Abitbol, M. H.; Araujo, D.; Kjellstrand, C. B.; Limon, M.; Luu, V.; Miller, A.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Ade, P.; Doyle, S.; Mauskopf, P.; Tucker, C.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Bradford, K.; Mauskopf, P.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Cantor, R.] STAR Cryoelect, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA. [Che, G.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Day, P.; Leduc, H.; Zmuidzinas, J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Mroczkowski, T.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zmuidzinas, J.] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Flanigan, D (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM daniel.flanigan@columbia.edu OI Limon, Michele/0000-0002-5900-2698; Mroczkowski, Tony/0000-0003-3816-5372 FU NASA; National Research Council Fellowship; Research Initiatives for Science and Engineering program at Columbia University; internal Columbia University FX R.C. is both an author and the owner of STAR Cryoelectronics. H.M. is supported by a NASA Earth and Space Sciences Fellowship. T.M. is supported by a National Research Council Fellowship. This research is supported, in part, by a grant from the Research Initiatives for Science and Engineering program at Columbia University to B.R.J. and by internal Columbia University funding to A.M. We thank the Xilinx University Program for their donation of FPGA hardware and software tools used in the readout system. We thank the anonymous reviewers for thoughtful and helpful comments. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 22 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 8 AR 083504 DI 10.1063/1.4942804 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DH8PO UT WOS:000373057000055 ER PT J AU Fontana, J da Costa, GKB Pereira, JM Naciri, J Ratna, BR Palffy-Muhoray, P Carvalho, ICS AF Fontana, Jake da Costa, Greice K. B. Pereira, Joao M. Naciri, Jawad Ratna, Banahalli R. Palffy-Muhoray, Peter Carvalho, Isabel C. S. TI Electric field induced orientational order of gold nanorods in dilute organic suspensions SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALIGNMENT; FLUIDS AB The electric field controlled alignment of gold nanorods offers a paradigm for anisotropic molecules with the potential for a wide variety of phases and structures. We experimentally study the optical absorption from gold nanorod suspensions aligned using external electric fields. We show that the absorption from these suspensions depends linearly on the orientational order parameter. We provide evidence that the critical electric field needed to orient the gold nanorods is proportional to the nanorod volume and depolarization anisotropy. Utilizing this critical field dependence, we demonstrate for suspensions with two different nanorod sizes that the alignment of each population can be controlled. We also develop a technique to determine the imaginary parts of the longitudinal and transverse electric susceptibilities of the nanorods. The ability to selectively address specific parts of the nanorod populations in a mixture using external fields may have significant potential for future display and optical filter applications. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Fontana, Jake; Naciri, Jawad; Ratna, Banahalli R.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [da Costa, Greice K. B.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Photon & Instrumentat Lab, Elect Engn Program, Cidade Univ, BR-21941972 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Pereira, Joao M.; Carvalho, Isabel C. S.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro PUC Rio, Dept Phys, BR-22451900 Gavea, RJ, Brazil. [Palffy-Muhoray, Peter] Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44240 USA. RP Fontana, J (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jake.fontana@nrl.navy.mil RI Carvalho, Isabel /C-4067-2013; OI Carvalho, Isabel /0000-0001-7898-4730; Costa, Greice/0000-0002-2714-1060 FU Office of Naval Research Global [ONRG-NICOP-N62909-15-1-N016]; CNPq-PVE collaboration project FX This work was supported with funding provided from the Office of Naval Research Global under ONRG-NICOP-N62909-15-1-N016. I.C.S. Carvalho and P. Palffy-Muhoray thank the CNPq-PVE collaboration project for financial support. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 22 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 8 AR 081904 DI 10.1063/1.4942969 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DH8PO UT WOS:000373057000017 ER PT J AU Kempaiah, R Liu, YJ Nie, ZH Basu, R AF Kempaiah, Ravindra Liu, Yijing Nie, Zhihong Basu, Rajratan TI Giant soft-memory in liquid crystal nanocomposites SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BARIUM-TITANATE NANOPARTICLES; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; BATIO3 NANOPARTICLES; MIXTURE; SUSPENSION; INTERFACE; ALIGNMENT; STORAGE; FILM AB A hybrid nanocomposite comprising 5CB liquid crystal (LC) and block copolymer (BCP) functionalized barium titanate ferroelectric nanoparticles was prepared. This hybrid system exhibits a giant soft-memory effect that was detected by dielectric hysteresis. Spontaneous polarization of ferroelectric nanoparticles couples synergistically with the radially aligned BCP chains to create nanoscopic domains where LC mesogens can align directionally. Such domains can be rotated electromechanically and locked in space even after the removal of the applied electric field. The resulting non-volatile memory is several times larger than the non-functionalized sample and provides an insight into the role of non-covalent polymer functionalization on enhancing the size of the nanoscopic domains. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Kempaiah, Ravindra; Liu, Yijing; Nie, Zhihong] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Basu, Rajratan] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Nie, ZH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM znie@umd.edu; basu@usna.edu OI Basu, Rajratan/0000-0003-2417-1827 FU National Science Foundation [CHE-1505839]; University of Maryland; Office of Naval Research [N0001415WX01534]; U.S. Naval Academy FX Zhihong Nie is grateful for the support from the National Science Foundation grant (CHE-1505839) and startup fund from University of Maryland.; Rajratan Basu is grateful for the support from the Office of Naval Research grant (Award No. N0001415WX01534) and investment fund from the U.S. Naval Academy. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 22 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 8 AR 083105 DI 10.1063/1.4942593 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DH8PO UT WOS:000373057000041 ER PT J AU More, A Oguri, M Kayo, I Zinn, J Strauss, MA Santiago, BX Mosquera, AM Inada, N Kochanek, CS Rusu, CE Brownstein, JR da Costa, LN Kneib, JP Maia, MAG Quimby, RM Schneider, DP Streblyanska, A York, DG AF More, Anupreeta Oguri, Masamune Kayo, Issha Zinn, Joel Strauss, Michael A. Santiago, Basilio X. Mosquera, Ana M. Inada, Naohisa Kochanek, Christopher S. Rusu, Cristian E. Brownstein, Joel R. da Costa, Luiz N. Kneib, Jean-Paul Maia, Marcio A. G. Quimby, Robert M. Schneider, Donald P. Streblyanska, Alina York, Donald G. TI The SDSS-III BOSS quasar lens survey: discovery of 13 gravitationally lensed quasars SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: strong; methods: statistical ID DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; 3RD DATA RELEASE; SIMILAR-TO 3-4; BINARY QUASARS; DARK ENERGY; SEXTUPLE QUASAR; IMAGING SURVEYS; GALAXIES AB We report the discovery of 13 confirmed two-image quasar lenses from a systematic search for gravitationally lensed quasars in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). We adopted a methodology similar to that used in the SDSS Quasar Lens Search (SQLS). In addition to the confirmed lenses, we report 11 quasar pairs with small angular separations (less than or similar to 2 arcsec) confirmed from our spectroscopy, which are either projected pairs, physical binaries, or possibly quasar lens systems whose lens galaxies have not yet been detected. The newly discovered quasar lens system, SDSS J1452+4224 at z(s) approximate to 4.8 is one of the highest redshift multiply imaged quasars found to date. Furthermore, we have over 50 good lens candidates yet to be followed up. Owing to the heterogeneous selection of BOSS quasars, the lens sample presented here does not have a well-defined selection function. C1 [More, Anupreeta; Oguri, Masamune; Quimby, Robert M.] Univ Tokyo, Kavli IPMU, WPI, Chiba 2778583, Japan. [Oguri, Masamune] Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Early Universe, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Oguri, Masamune] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Kayo, Issha] Tokyo Univ Technol, Dept Liberal Arts, Ota Ku, 5-23-22 Nishikamata, Tokyo 1148650, Japan. [Zinn, Joel; Mosquera, Ana M.; Kochanek, Christopher S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Zinn, Joel; Strauss, Michael A.] Princeton Univ Observ, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Santiago, Basilio X.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, CP 15051, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Santiago, Basilio X.; da Costa, Luiz N.; Maia, Marcio A. G.] Lab Interinstituc E Astron LIneA, Rua Gen Jose Cristino 77, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Mosquera, Ana M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [Inada, Naohisa] Nara Natl Coll Technol, Dept Phys, Yamato Koriyama, Nara 6391080, Japan. [Kochanek, Christopher S.] Ohio State Univ, CCAPP, 191 W Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Rusu, Cristian E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Rusu, Cristian E.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Opt & Infrared Astron Div, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Rusu, Cristian E.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Brownstein, Joel R.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, 115 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [da Costa, Luiz N.; Maia, Marcio A. G.] Observ Nacl, Rua Gen Jose Cristino 77, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Kneib, Jean-Paul] EPFL, Observ Sauverny, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Kneib, Jean-Paul] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Quimby, Robert M.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Streblyanska, Alina] IAC, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain. [Streblyanska, Alina] ULL, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain. [York, Donald G.] Univ Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [York, Donald G.] Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP More, A; Oguri, M (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Kavli IPMU, WPI, Chiba 2778583, Japan.; Oguri, M (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Early Universe, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.; Oguri, M (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. EM anupreeta.more@ipmu.jp; masamune.oguri@ipmu.jp RI Oguri, Masamune/C-6230-2011; OI Zinn, Joel/0000-0002-7550-7151 FU World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan; JSPS [26800093, 24740171]; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); NSF [AST-1211146]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University; NAOJ; W.M. Keck Foundation FX The work of MO and AM was supported in part by World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan. This work was also supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the JSPS (26800093 and 24740171). AM would like to thank S. More and J. Silverman for useful suggestions. AM acknowledges the support of the Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) fellowship. AMM acknowledges the support of NSF grant AST-1211146. The authors would like to thank the anonymous referee for useful suggestions that improved the paper.; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the US Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University.; Based in part on data collected at Subaru Telescope, which is operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. Use of the UH 2.2-m telescope for the observations is supported by NAOJ. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. A part of this work is based on observations obtained at the MDM Observatory, operated by Dartmouth College, Columbia University, Ohio State University, Ohio University, and the University of Michigan. Based on observations obtained at the SOAR telescope, which is a joint project of the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, e Inovacao (MCTI) da Republica Federativa do Brasil, the US National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), and Michigan State University (MSU). NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD FEB 21 PY 2016 VL 456 IS 2 BP 1595 EP 1606 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2813 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DG7KW UT WOS:000372264200033 ER PT J AU Wang, YM Warren, HP Muglach, K AF Wang, Y. -M. Warren, H. P. Muglach, K. TI CONVERGING SUPERGRANULAR FLOWS AND THE FORMATION OF CORONAL PLUMES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; Sun: magnetic fields; Sun: UV radiation ID POLAR PLUMES; SOLAR-WIND; NETWORK ACTIVITY; SUNSPOTS AB Earlier studies have suggested that coronal plumes are energized by magnetic reconnection between unipolar flux concentrations and nearby bipoles, even though magnetograms sometimes show very little minority-polarity flux near the footpoints of plumes. Here we use high-resolution extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) images and magnetograms from the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) to clarify the relationship between plume emission and the underlying photospheric field. We find that plumes form where unipolar network elements inside coronal holes converge to form dense clumps, and fade as the clumps disperse again. The converging flows also carry internetwork fields of both polarities. Although the minority-polarity flux is sometimes barely visible in the magnetograms, the corresponding EUV images almost invariably show loop-like features in the core of the plumes, with the fine structure changing on timescales of minutes or less. We conclude that the SDO observations are consistent with a model in which plume emission originates from interchange reconnection in converging flows, with the plume lifetime being determined by the similar to 1 day evolutionary timescale of the supergranular network. Furthermore, the presence of large EUV bright points and/or ephemeral regions is not a necessary precondition for the formation of plumes, which can be energized even by the weak, mixed-polarity internetwork fields swept up by converging flows. C1 [Wang, Y. -M.; Warren, H. P.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Muglach, K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 674, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Muglach, K.] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Wang, YM; Warren, HP (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Muglach, K (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 674, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM yi.wang@nrl.navy.mil; harry.warren@nrl.navy.mil; karin.muglach@nasa.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2016 VL 818 IS 2 AR 203 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/818/2/203 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DG7ZS UT WOS:000372302800102 ER PT J AU Redding, B Davis, A Kirkendall, C Dandridge, A AF Redding, Brandon Davis, Allen Kirkendall, Clay Dandridge, Anthony TI Measuring vibrational motion in the presence of speckle using off-axis holography SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID FOURIER-TRANSFORM; LASER; VIBROMETRY; NOISE AB We present a holographic laser vibrometer designed to mitigate the effects of speckle noise when measuring the vibrational motion of a rough object. We show that multiplexing the interferometric measurement across 10(5) pixels provides a 50 dB reduction in the incoherent noise. Using a high-speed camera, this enables a displacement sensitivity of 50 fm/root Hz with a bandwidth of 12.5 kHz when measuring rough objects, representing a 20 dB improvement compared with a commercially available single-detector-based laser vibrometer. Finally, we show that the holographic vibrometer system is capable of stand-off acoustic sensing by measuring the acoustic-induced vibrations of a piece of paper with sensitivity as low as 10 dB (re 20 mu Pa). The ability to sensitively and noninvasively measure the vibrations of arbitrary rough surfaces could enable new applications in laser vibrometry. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Redding, Brandon; Davis, Allen; Kirkendall, Clay; Dandridge, Anthony] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Redding, B (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brandon.redding@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory (6.2 base program) FX Naval Research Laboratory (6.2 base program). NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 20 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 6 BP 1406 EP 1411 DI 10.1364/AO.55.001406 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA DE2GP UT WOS:000370445400026 PM 26906594 ER PT J AU Turner, KB Naciri, J Liu, JL Anderson, GP Goldman, ER Zabetakis, D AF Turner, Kendrick B. Naciri, Jennifer Liu, Jinny L. Anderson, George P. Goldman, Ellen R. Zabetakis, Dan TI Next-Generation Sequencing of a Single Domain Antibody Repertoire Reveals Quality of Phage Display Selected Candidates SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FRAGMENTS; TOXIN; LIBRARY; SEQ AB Next-Generation Sequencing and bioinformatics are powerful tools for analyzing the large number of DNA sequences present in an immune library. In this work, we constructed a cDNA library of single domain antibodies from a llama immunized with staphylococcal enterotoxin B. The resulting library was sequenced, resulting in approximately 8.5 million sequences with 5.4 million representing intact, useful sequences. The sequenced library was interrogated using sequences of known SEB-binding single domain antibodies from the library obtained through phage display panning methods in a previous study. New antibodies were identified, produced, and characterized, and were shown to have affinities and melting temperatures comparable to those obtained by traditional panning methods. This demonstrates the utility of using NGS as a complementary tool to phage-displayed biopanning as a means for rapidly obtaining additional antibodies from an immune library. It also shows that phage display, using a library of high diversity, is able to select high quality antibodies even when they are low in frequency. C1 [Turner, Kendrick B.; Naciri, Jennifer] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Liu, Jinny L.; Anderson, George P.; Goldman, Ellen R.; Zabetakis, Dan] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC USA. RP Zabetakis, D (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC USA. EM daniel.zabetakis@nrl.navy.mil RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011 OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893 FU [DTRA: CBCALL12-LS6-2-0036] FX This study was supported by DTRA: CBCALL12-LS6-2-0036 (www.dtra.mil). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 17 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 19 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 2 AR e0149393 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0149393 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DF3DG UT WOS:000371223400051 PM 26895405 ER PT J AU Carpenter, TS McNerney, MW Be, NA Lao, V Carlson, EM Bennion, BJ Lightstone, FC Valdez, CA AF Carpenter, Timothy S. McNerney, M. Windy Be, Nicholas A. Lao, Victoria Carlson, Emma M. Bennion, Brian J. Lightstone, Felice C. Valdez, Carlos A. TI Predicting A Drug'S Membrane Permeability: Evolution of a Computational Model Validated with in Vitro Permeability Assay Data SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY FEB 27-MAR 02, 2016 CL Los Angeles, CA SP Biophys Soc C1 [Carpenter, Timothy S.; Be, Nicholas A.; Lao, Victoria; Bennion, Brian J.; Lightstone, Felice C.; Valdez, Carlos A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, BBTD, Livermore, CA USA. [McNerney, M. Windy] Vet Affairs, War Related Illness & Injury Study Ctr, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Carlson, Emma M.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB 16 PY 2016 VL 110 IS 3 SU 1 MA 1624-Pos BP 330A EP 330A PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA DK7YE UT WOS:000375142200091 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Mittal, J AF Kim, Youngchan Mittal, Jeetain TI Quantifying Crowding Effects on Transient Encounter Complex Formation during Protein Binding SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY FEB 27-MAR 02, 2016 CL Los Angeles, CA SP Biophys Soc C1 [Kim, Youngchan] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mittal, Jeetain] Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB 16 PY 2016 VL 110 IS 3 SU 1 MA 1904-Pos BP 386A EP 386A PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA DK7YE UT WOS:000375142200372 ER PT J AU Yates, EA Dorsey, M AF Yates, Elizabeth A. Dorsey, Michael TI Assessing Lipid Membrane Interaction of Amyloid-Forming Proteins by Means of Colorimetric Biosensing Vesicles SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY FEB 27-MAR 02, 2016 CL Los Angeles, CA SP Biophys Soc C1 [Yates, Elizabeth A.; Dorsey, Michael] US Naval Acad, Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB 16 PY 2016 VL 110 IS 3 SU 1 MA 2098-Pos BP 423A EP 423A PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA DK7YI UT WOS:000375142700067 ER PT J AU Arnold, HN Sangwan, VK Schmucker, SW Cress, CD Luck, KA Friedman, AL Robinson, JT Marks, TJ Hersam, MC AF Arnold, Heather N. Sangwan, Vinod K. Schmucker, Scott W. Cress, Cory D. Luck, Kyle A. Friedman, Adam L. Robinson, Jeremy T. Marks, Tobin J. Hersam, Mark C. TI Reducing flicker noise in chemical vapor deposition graphene field-effect transistors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LOW-FREQUENCY NOISE; 1/F NOISE; DEVICES; MOBILITY; FILMS; FLUCTUATIONS; CRYSTALS; MODEL AB Single-layer graphene derived from chemical vapor deposition (CVD) holds promise for scalable radio frequency (RF) electronic applications. However, prevalent low-frequency flicker noise (1/f noise) in CVD graphene field-effect transistors is often up-converted to higher frequencies, thus limiting RF device performance. Here, we achieve an order of magnitude reduction in 1/f noise in field-effect transistors based on CVD graphene transferred onto silicon oxide substrates by utilizing a processing protocol that avoids aqueous chemistry after graphene transfer. Correspondingly, the normalized noise spectral density (10(-7)-10(-8) mu m(2) Hz(-1)) and noise amplitude (4 x 10(-8)-10(-7)) in these devices are comparable to those of exfoliated and suspended graphene. We attribute the reduction in 1/f noise to a decrease in the contribution of fluctuations in the scattering cross-sections of carriers arising from dynamic redistribution of interfacial disorder. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Arnold, Heather N.; Sangwan, Vinod K.; Luck, Kyle A.; Marks, Tobin J.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Schmucker, Scott W.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cress, Cory D.; Robinson, Jeremy T.] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Friedman, Adam L.] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Marks, Tobin J.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Med, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Hersam, MC (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.; Hersam, MC (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.; Hersam, MC (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Med, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM m-hersam@northwestern.edu RI Friedman, Adam/D-9610-2011; Schmucker, Scott/D-8312-2012; Hersam, Mark/B-6739-2009; OI Friedman, Adam/0000-0003-0597-5432; Schmucker, Scott/0000-0003-2908-5282; Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU Northwestern University Materials Research Science and Engineering Center [NSF DMR-1121262]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency MIPR [15-15399]; NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship (NSTRF) [NNX11AM87H]; NSF; National Research Council FX This work was supported by the Northwestern University Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF DMR-1121262) and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency MIPR No. 15-15399. H. N. A. acknowledges support from a NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship (NSTRF No. NNX11AM87H), and K. A. L. acknowledges support from the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program. This research was performed while S. W. S. held a National Research Council Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 24 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 7 AR 073108 DI 10.1063/1.4942468 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DH8PK UT WOS:000373056400041 ER PT J AU Malec, C Miller, MM Johnson, M AF Malec, Christopher Miller, Michael M. Johnson, Mark TI Anisotropic magnetoresistance dominant in a three terminal Hanle measurement SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT; ELECTRICAL DETECTION; SPIN POLARIZATION; TRANSPORT; PRECESSION; INJECTION; SILICON; CHARGE AB Experiments are performed on mesoscopic nonlocal lateral spin valves with aluminum channels and Permalloy electrodes. Four-terminal magnetoresistance and Hanle measurements characterize the spin accumulation with results that compare well with published work. Three-terminal Hanle measurements of the Permalloy/aluminum (Py/Al) interfaces show bell-shaped curves that can be fit to Lorentzians. These curves are three orders of magnitude larger than the spin accumulation. Using anisotropic magnetoresistance measurements of individual Permalloy electrodes, we demonstrate that the three-terminal measurements are dominated by anisotropic magnetoresistance effects unrelated to spin accumulation. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Malec, Christopher; Miller, Michael M.; Johnson, Mark] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Malec, C (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Office of Naval Research. Work was performed at the NRL Nanoscience Institute. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 7 AR 072402 DI 10.1063/1.4942007 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DH8PK UT WOS:000373056400027 ER PT J AU Miller, GA Cranch, GA AF Miller, Gary A. Cranch, Geoffrey A. TI Reduction of Intensity Noise in Hollow Core Optical Fiber Using Angle-Cleaved Splices SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Angle-cleaved fiber; fusion splice; hollow core optical fiber; multipath interference; relative intensity noise ID PHOTONIC CRYSTAL FIBERS; SINGLE-MODE FIBERS; BAND-GAP FIBERS; POLARIZATION PROPERTIES AB When spliced to solid core optical fiber, a hollow core optical fiber (HCF) exhibits multipath interference. Reflections at the air/glass interfaces add coherently in transmission, producing intensity fluctuations. This can lead to excess intensity noise at the output of a fiber segment. In this letter, angle-cleaved splices were performed on HCFs to reduce this noise without significant alteration of the fiber's optical properties. Cleave angles ranging from 7 degrees to 12 degrees produced splices with return losses less than -50 dB and excess insertion losses typically around 1 or 2 dB. A 37-dB reduction in intensity noise over a flat-cleaved splice was achieved with negligible increase in higher order mode generation or polarization-dependent loss. C1 [Miller, Gary A.; Cranch, Geoffrey A.] Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Miller, GA; Cranch, GA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gary.miller@osamember.org; geoff_cranch@yahoo.com FU Naval Research Laboratory 6.1 Base Program FX This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory 6.1 Base Program. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1041-1135 EI 1941-0174 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2016 VL 28 IS 4 BP 414 EP 417 DI 10.1109/LPT.2015.2496873 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA DE8XT UT WOS:000370920700010 ER PT J AU Taitt, CR Anderson, GP Ligler, FS AF Taitt, Chris Rowe Anderson, George P. Ligler, Frances S. TI Evanescent wave fluorescence biosensors: Advances of the last decade SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Optical biosensor; Evanescent wave; Fluorescence; Applications ID FIBER-OPTIC BIOSENSOR; PHASE PROTEIN ARRAYS; SENSITIVE DETECTION; MICRORING RESONATORS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; YERSINIA-PESTIS; RAPID DETECTION; WATER SAMPLES; FOOD MATRICES; FRESH-WATER AB Biosensor development has been a highly dynamic field of research and has progressed rapidly over the past two decades. The advances have accompanied the breakthroughs in molecular biology, nanomaterial sciences, and most importantly computers and electronics. The subfield of evanescent wave fluorescence biosensors has also matured dramatically during this time. Fundamentally, this review builds on our earlier 2005 review. While a brief mention of seminal early work will be included, this current review will focus on new technological developments as well as technology commercialized in just the last decade. Evanescent wave biosensors have found a wide array applications ranging from clinical diagnostics to biodefense to food testing; advances in those applications and more are described herein. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Taitt, Chris Rowe; Anderson, George P.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ligler, Frances S.] Univ N Carolina, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ligler, Frances S.] NC State Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Ligler, FS (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, 911 Oval Dr, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Fsligler@ncsu.edu RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011 OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893 FU Office of Naval Research and NRL [6547, 6703]; North Carolina Translational and Clinical Sciences Institute (NIH) [1UL1TR001111] FX Preparation of this manuscript was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research and NRL 6.2 funding (work units 6547 and 6703) and a grant from the North Carolina Translational and Clinical Sciences Institute (NIH 1UL1TR001111). NR 116 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 14 U2 125 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-5663 EI 1873-4235 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PD FEB 15 PY 2016 VL 76 SI SI BP 103 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.bios.2015.07.040 PG 10 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CW3LY UT WOS:000364895000010 PM 26232145 ER PT J AU Photiadis, DM Goldstein, DJ Willey, JM AF Photiadis, Douglas M. Goldstein, David J. Willey, Jefferson M. TI Modeling the effect of elastic point contact on dynamic response SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISSIPATION; PROBE AB We present a general, theoretical model describing the three-dimensional elastic behavior of point contacts. We provide a prescription for employing the model in a variety of physical systems and describe in detail how the model enables the use of lower-dimensional dynamic models while including approximate three-dimensional behavior of elastic point contacts. We conduct a series of experiments to validate the model for extensional and cantilever oscillators, and find good agreement between our measurements and the predictions of the model. We observe that the phenomenological effects of elastic point contacts can be significant and believe that our model will be useful to a broad range of research and engineering disciplines. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Photiadis, Douglas M.; Goldstein, David J.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Willey, Jefferson M.] Johns Hopkins Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. RP Photiadis, DM (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM douglas.photiadis@nrl.navy.mil OI Goldstein, David/0000-0003-3654-8142 FU Office of Naval Research FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 14 PY 2016 VL 119 IS 6 AR 064503 DI 10.1063/1.4941378 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DE9QY UT WOS:000370974200017 ER PT J AU Blevins, SM Pontoppidan, KM Banzatti, A Zhang, K Najita, JR Carr, JS Salyk, C Blake, GA AF Blevins, Sandra M. Pontoppidan, Klaus M. Banzatti, Andrea Zhang, Ke Najita, Joan R. Carr, John S. Salyk, Colette Blake, Geoffrey A. TI MEASUREMENTS OF WATER SURFACE SNOW LINES IN CLASSICAL PROTOPLANETARY DISKS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrochemistry; molecular processes; protoplanetary disks; stars: pre-main sequence ID T-TAURI-STARS; MIDINFRARED MOLECULAR-EMISSION; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; YOUNG CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; PLANET FORMATION REGION; NEPTUNE-MASS PLANETS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; HERBIG AE/BE STARS; DUST GRAIN-SIZE; ORGANIC-MOLECULES AB We present deep Herschel-PACS spectroscopy of far-infrared water lines from a sample of four protoplanetary disks around solar-mass stars, selected to have strong water emission at mid-infrared wavelengths. By combining the new Herschel spectra with archival Spitzer-IRS spectroscopy, we retrieve a parameterized radial surface water vapor distribution from 0.1 to 100 au using two-dimensional dust and line radiative transfer modeling. The surface water distribution is modeled with a step model composed of a constant inner and outer relative water abundance and a critical radius at which the surface water abundance is allowed to change. We find that the four disks have critical radii of similar to 3-11 au, at which the surface water abundance decreases by at least 5 orders of magnitude. The measured values for the critical radius are consistently smaller than the location of the surface snow line, as predicted by the observed spectral energy distribution. This suggests that the sharp drop-off of the surface water abundance is not solely due to the local gas-solid balance, but may also be driven by the deactivation of gas-phase chemical pathways to water below 300 K. Assuming a canonical gas-to-dust ratio of 100, as well as coupled gas and dust temperatures T-gas = T-dust, the best-fit inner water abundances become implausibly high (0.01-1.0H(2)-(1)) Conversely, a model in which the gas and dust temperatures are decoupled leads to canonical inner-disk water abundances of similar to 10(-4) H-2(-1), while retaining gas-to-dust ratios of 100. That is, the evidence for gas-dust decoupling in disk surfaces is stronger than for enhanced gas-to-dust ratios. C1 [Blevins, Sandra M.; Pontoppidan, Klaus M.; Banzatti, Andrea] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Blevins, Sandra M.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Zhang, Ke] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Najita, Joan R.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, 950 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Carr, John S.] Naval Res Lab, Code 7211, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Salyk, Colette] Vassar Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, 124 Raymond Ave, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604 USA. [Blake, Geoffrey A.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, MC 150-21, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Blevins, SM (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; Blevins, SM (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. EM blevins@stsci.edu RI zhang, ke/A-3898-2009 OI zhang, ke/0000-0002-0661-7517 FU STScI Director's Discretionary Fund (DDRF); NASA Origins of the Solar System [OSS 11-OSS11-0120]; NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program [NAG 5-10201]; NASA FX Support for S.M.B. was provided by the STScI Director's Discretionary Fund (DDRF). K.M.P. and A.B. acknowledge financial support by a NASA Origins of the Solar System grant No. OSS 11-OSS11-0120, a NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program under grant NAG 5-10201. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. This work is based in part on observations made with the Herschel Space Observatory, a European Space Agency Cornerstone Mission with significant participation by NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. NR 95 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 2016 VL 818 IS 1 AR 22 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/818/1/22 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DE1EZ UT WOS:000370370800022 ER PT J AU LaMassa, SM Civano, F Brusa, M Stern, D Glikman, E Gallagher, S Urry, CM Cales, S Cappelluti, N Cardamone, C Comastri, A Farrah, D Greene, JE Komossa, S Merloni, A Mroczkowski, T Natarajan, P Richards, G Salvato, M Schawinski, K Treister, E AF LaMassa, Stephanie M. Civano, Francesca Brusa, Marcella Stern, Daniel Glikman, Eilat Gallagher, Sarah Urry, C. Meg Cales, Sabrina Cappelluti, Nico Cardamone, Carolin Comastri, Andrea Farrah, Duncan Greene, Jenny E. Komossa, S. Merloni, Andrea Mroczkowski, Tony Natarajan, Priyamvada Richards, Gordon Salvato, Mara Schawinski, Kevin Treister, Ezequiel TI ON R-W1 AS A DIAGNOSTIC TO DISCOVER OBSCURED ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI IN WIDE-AREA X-RAY SURVEYS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; infrared: galaxies; quasars: general; quasars: supermassive black holes; X-rays: galaxies; X-rays: general ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; DEEP FIELD-SOUTH; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; SIMILAR-TO 2; OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; OPTICALLY NORMAL GALAXIES; EMISSION-LINE GALAXIES; DUST-REDDENED QUASARS; CHANDRA-COSMOS SURVEY; 10TH DATA RELEASE AB Capitalizing on the all-sky coverage of WISE. and the 35% and 50% sky coverage from Sloan Digital Sky Survey and Pan-STARRS, respectively, we explore the efficacy of m(R) (optical) - m(3.4 mu m) (mid-infrared), hereafter R - W1, as a color diagnostic to identify obscured supermassive black hole accretion in wide-area X-ray surveys. We use the similar to 16.5 deg(2) Stripe 82 X-ray survey data as a test. bed to compare R - W1 with R - K, an oft-used obscured active galactic nucleus (AGN) selection criterion, and examine where different classes of objects lie in this parameter space. Most stars follow a well-defined path in R - K versus R - W1 space. We demonstrate that optically normal galaxies hosting X-ray AGNs at redshifts 0.5 < z < 1 can be recovered with an R - W1 > 4 color cut, while they typically are not selected as AGNs based on their W1 - W2 colors. Additionally, different observed X-ray luminosity bins favor different regions in R - W1 parameter space: moderate-luminosity AGNs (10(43) ergs(-1) < L0.5-10 keV < 10(44) erg s(-1)) tend to have red colors, while the highest-luminosity AGNs (L0.5-10 keV > 10(45) erg s(-1)) have bluer colors; higher spectroscopic completeness of the Stripe 82X sample is needed to determine whether this is a selection effect or an intrinsic property. Finally, we parameterize X-ray obscuration of Stripe 82X AGNs by calculating their hardness ratios (HRs) and find no clear trends between HR and optical reddening. Our results will help inform best-effort practices in following. up obscured AGN candidates in current and future wide-area, shallow X-ray surveys, including the all-sky eROSITA mission. C1 [LaMassa, Stephanie M.; Civano, Francesca; Urry, C. Meg; Cales, Sabrina; Natarajan, Priyamvada] Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Dept Phys, POB 208120, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [LaMassa, Stephanie M.; Urry, C. Meg; Cales, Sabrina; Natarajan, Priyamvada] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, POB 208121, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Civano, Francesca] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brusa, Marcella] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Viale Berti Pichat 6-2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Brusa, Marcella; Cappelluti, Nico; Comastri, Andrea] INAF Osservatorio Astron Bologna, Via Ranzani 1, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Stern, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Glikman, Eilat] Middlebury Coll, Dept Phys, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA. [Gallagher, Sarah] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. [Cales, Sabrina; Treister, Ezequiel] Univ Concepcion, Dept Astron, Concepcion, Chile. [Cardamone, Carolin] Wheelock Coll, Dept Math & Sci, 200 Riverway, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Farrah, Duncan] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys MC 0435, 850 West Campus Dr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Greene, Jenny E.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Komossa, S.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Merloni, Andrea; Salvato, Mara] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Mroczkowski, Tony] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Natarajan, Priyamvada] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, POB 208101, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Richards, Gordon] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Schawinski, Kevin] ETH, Dept Phys, Inst Astron, Wolfgang Pauli Str 27, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RP LaMassa, SM (reprint author), Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Dept Phys, POB 208120, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.; LaMassa, SM (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Phys, POB 208121, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. OI Mroczkowski, Tony/0000-0003-3816-5372; Cappelluti, Nico/0000-0002-1697-186X; Schawinski, Kevin/0000-0001-5464-0888; Urry, Meg/0000-0002-0745-9792 FU FP7 Career Integration Grant "eEASy" [CIG 321913]; National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory; Swiss National Science Foundation Professorship grant [PP00P2-138979/1]; Center of Excellence in Astrophysics and Associated Technologies [PFB 06]; CONICYT Anillo project [ACT1101]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; [NNX15AJ40G] FX S.M.L. acknowledges support from grant number NNX15AJ40G. M.B. acknowledges support from the FP7 Career Integration Grant "eEASy" (CIG 321913). Support for T.M. comes from a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory. K.S. gratefully acknowledges support from Swiss National Science Foundation Professorship grant PP00P2-138979/1. Support for the work of E.T. was provided by the Center of Excellence in Astrophysics and Associated Technologies (PFB 06) and by the CONICYT Anillo project ACT1101.; Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III Web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; This publication makes use of data products from the Widefield Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 142 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 2016 VL 818 IS 1 AR 88 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/818/1/88 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DE1EZ UT WOS:000370370800088 ER PT J AU Reep, JW Bradshaw, SJ Holman, GD AF Reep, J. W. Bradshaw, S. J. Holman, G. D. TI X-RAY SOURCE HEIGHTS IN A SOLAR FLARE: THICK-TARGET VERSUS THERMAL CONDUCTION FRONT HEATING SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; Sun: flares; Sun: X-rays ID LOOP RADIATIVE HYDRODYNAMICS; NONTHERMAL RECOMBINATION; CHROMOSPHERIC HEIGHT; DENSITY-MEASUREMENTS; ELECTRONS; MODELS; EMISSION; RHESSI; PARTICLES; SPECTRUM AB Observations of solar flares with RHESSI have shown X-ray sources traveling along flaring loops, from the corona down to the chromosphere and back up. The 2002 November 28 C1.1 flare, first observed with RHESSI by Sui et al. and quantitatively analyzed by O'Flannagain et al., very clearly shows this behavior. By employing numerical experiments, we use these observations of X-ray source height motions as a constraint to distinguish between heating due to a non-thermal electron beam and in situ energy deposition in the corona. We find that both heating scenarios can reproduce the observed light curves, but our results favor non-thermal heating. In situ heating is inconsistent with the observed X-ray source morphology and always gives a height dispersion with photon energy opposite to what is observed. C1 [Reep, J. W.] Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council Postdoc Program, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bradshaw, S. J.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Holman, G. D.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Solar Phys Lab, Code 671, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Reep, JW (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council Postdoc Program, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Bradshaw, SJ (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA.; Holman, GD (reprint author), NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Solar Phys Lab, Code 671, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM jeffrey.reep.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; stephen.bradshaw@rice.edu; gordon.d.holman@nasa.gov OI Reep, Jeffrey/0000-0003-4739-1152 FU NASA [NNX11AQ54H]; NASA Living with a Star TRT Grant; RHESSI Project FX This research was performed while JWR held an NRC Research Associateship award at the US Naval Research Laboratory with support from NASA, and previously by NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program (grant NNX11AQ54H). G.D.H. was supported by a NASA Living with a Star TR&T Grant and the RHESSI Project. The authors thank Giulio Del Zanna for his suggestions about evaluating X-ray emission with CHIANTI in our model. CHIANTI is a collaborative project involving George Mason University, the University of Michigan (USA), and the University of Cambridge (UK). NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 2016 VL 818 IS 1 AR 44 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/818/1/44 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DE1EZ UT WOS:000370370800044 ER PT J AU Reep, JW Russell, AJB AF Reep, J. W. Russell, A. J. B. TI ALFVENIC WAVE HEATING OF THE UPPER CHROMOSPHERE IN FLARE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Sun: atmosphere; Sun: chromosphere; Sun: corona; Sun: flares; Sun: transition region; waves ID TEMPERATURE MINIMUM REGION; SOLAR-FLARES; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; CORONA; ENERGY; ELECTRONS; SPECTRA; PLASMAS; TARGET; MODEL AB We have developed a numerical model of flare heating due to the dissipation of Alfvenic waves propagating from the corona to the chromosphere. With this model, we present an investigation of the key parameters of these waves on the energy transport, heating, and subsequent dynamics. For sufficiently high frequencies and perpendicular wave numbers, the waves dissipate significantly in the upper chromosphere, strongly heating it to flare temperatures. This heating can then drive strong chromospheric evaporation, bringing hot and dense plasma to the corona. We therefore find three important conclusions: (1) Alfvenic waves, propagating from the corona to the chromosphere, are capable of heating the upper chromosphere and the corona, (2) the atmospheric response to heating due to the dissipation of Alfvenic waves can be strikingly similar to heating by an electron beam, and (3) this heating can produce explosive evaporation. C1 [Reep, J. W.] Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council Postdoc Program, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Russell, A. J. B.] Univ Dundee, Div Math, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. RP Reep, JW (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council Postdoc Program, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Russell, AJB (reprint author), Univ Dundee, Div Math, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. EM jeffrey.reep.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; arussell@maths.dundee.ac.uk RI Russell, Alexander/H-2205-2011; OI Russell, Alexander/0000-0001-5690-2351; Reep, Jeffrey/0000-0003-4739-1152 FU NASA; U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/K000993/1] FX This research was performed while J.W.R. held an NRC Research Associateship award at the US Naval Research Laboratory with the support of NASA. A.J.B.R. was supported by the U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council under grant ST/K000993/1 to the University of Dundee. The authors benefited from participation in the International Space Science Institute team on "Magnetic Waves in Solar Flares: Beyond the "Standard" Flare Model," led by Alex Russell and Lyndsay Fletcher. We acknowledge particularly helpful comments about resistive damping of waves with large kperpendicular to from James Leake and Peter Damiano, which influenced this work. We thank Martin Laming and Graham Kerr for comments that helped to improve this paper. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD FEB 10 PY 2016 VL 818 IS 1 AR L20 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/818/1/L20 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DD0JG UT WOS:000369605600020 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Adkins, JK Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alekseev, I Aparin, A Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, EC Averichev, GS Bairathi, V Banerjee, A Bellwied, R Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattarai, P Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Bunzarov, I Butterworth, J Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Campbell, JM Cebra, D Cervantes, MC Chakaberia, I Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chattopadhyay, S Chen, JH Chen, X Cheng, J Cherney, M Christie, W Contin, G Crawford, HJ Das, S De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA di Ruzza, B Didenko, L Dilks, C Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Engelage, J Eppley, G Esha, R Evdokimov, O Eyser, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Federic, P Fedorisin, J Feng, Z Filip, P Fisyak, Y Flores, CE Fulek, L Gagliardi, CA Garand, D Geurts, F Gibson, A Girard, M Greiner, L Grosnick, D Gunarathne, DS Guo, Y Gupta, S Gupta, A Guryn, W Hamad, A Hamed, A Haque, R Harris, JW He, L Heppelmann, S Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Horvat, S Huang, X Huang, B Huang, HZ Huck, P Humanic, TJ Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jang, H Jiang, K Judd, EG Kabana, S Kalinkin, D Kang, K Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Khan, ZH Kikola, DP Kisel, I Kisiel, A Kochenda, L Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kosarzewski, LK Kraishan, AF Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kulakov, I Kumar, L Kycia, RA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Landry, KD Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Li, ZM Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, C Li, Y Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Lomnitz, M Longacre, RS Luo, X Ma, YG Ma, GL Ma, L Ma, R Magdy, N Majka, R Manion, A Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D Meehan, K Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mishra, D Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Mustafa, MK Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nigmatkulov, G Nogach, LV Noh, SY Novak, J Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Okorokov, V Olvitt, D Page, BS Pak, R Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Peterson, A Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Poljak, N Poniatowska, K Porter, J Posik, M Poskanzer, AM Putschke, J Qiu, H Quintero, A Ramachandran, S Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Roy, A Ruan, L Rusnak, J Rusnakova, O Sahoo, NR Sahu, PK Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, WB Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shanmuganathan, PV Shao, M Sharma, B Sharma, MK Shen, WQ Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Sikora, R Simko, M Singha, S Skoby, MJ Smirnov, D Smirnov, N Song, L Sorensen, P Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Stepanov, M Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Sumbera, M Summa, B Sun, X Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, N Szelezniak, MA Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarnowsky, T Tawfik, A Thomas, JH Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Tripathy, SK Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Upsal, I Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vandenbroucke, M Varma, R Vasiliev, AN Vertesi, R Videbk, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wang, Y Wang, G Wang, JS Wang, H Wang, Y Wang, F Webb, JC Webb, G Wen, L Westfall, GD Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, YF Wu, Y Xiao, ZG Xie, W Xin, K Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, QH Xu, YF Xu, H Yang, Q Yang, Y Yang, Y Yang, S Yang, C Ye, Z Yepes, P Yi, L Yip, K Yoo, IK Yu, N Zbroszczyk, H Zha, W Zhang, Z Zhang, Y Zhang, JB Zhang, J Zhang, S Zhang, J Zhang, XP Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhou, L Zhu, X Zoulkarneeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Adamczyk, L. Adkins, J. K. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alekseev, I. Aparin, A. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. C. Averichev, G. S. Bairathi, V. Banerjee, A. Bellwied, R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhattarai, P. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Bouchet, J. Brandin, A. V. Bunzarov, I. Butterworth, J. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Campbell, J. M. Cebra, D. Cervantes, M. C. Chakaberia, I. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, J. H. Chen, X. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Christie, W. Contin, G. Crawford, H. J. Das, S. De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. di Ruzza, B. Didenko, L. Dilks, C. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Esha, R. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Federic, P. Fedorisin, J. Feng, Z. Filip, P. Fisyak, Y. Flores, C. E. Fulek, L. Gagliardi, C. A. Garand, D. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Girard, M. Greiner, L. Grosnick, D. Gunarathne, D. S. Guo, Y. Gupta, S. Gupta, A. Guryn, W. Hamad, A. Hamed, A. Haque, R. Harris, J. W. He, L. Heppelmann, S. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Horvat, S. Huang, X. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jang, H. Jiang, K. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kalinkin, D. Kang, K. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Khan, Z. H. Kikola, D. P. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Kochenda, L. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Kosarzewski, L. K. Kraishan, A. F. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kulakov, I. Kumar, L. Kycia, R. A. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Landry, K. D. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Li, Z. M. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, C. Li, Y. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Lomnitz, M. Longacre, R. S. Luo, X. Ma, Y. G. Ma, G. L. Ma, L. Ma, R. Magdy, N. Majka, R. Manion, A. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. Meehan, K. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mishra, D. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Mustafa, M. K. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nigmatkulov, G. Nogach, L. V. Noh, S. Y. Novak, J. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Okorokov, V. Olvitt, D., Jr. Page, B. S. Pak, R. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Peterson, A. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Poljak, N. Poniatowska, K. Porter, J. Posik, M. Poskanzer, A. M. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Quintero, A. Ramachandran, S. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Roy, A. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Rusnakova, O. Sahoo, N. R. Sahu, P. K. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shanmuganathan, P. V. Shao, M. Sharma, B. Sharma, M. K. Shen, W. Q. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Sikora, R. Simko, M. Singha, S. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, D. Smirnov, N. Song, L. Sorensen, P. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Stepanov, M. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Sumbera, M. Summa, B. Sun, X. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, N. Szelezniak, M. A. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarnowsky, T. Tawfik, A. Thomas, J. H. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Tripathy, S. K. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Upsal, I. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vandenbroucke, M. Varma, R. Vasiliev, A. N. Vertesi, R. Videbk, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wang, Y. Wang, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, H. Wang, Y. Wang, F. Webb, J. C. Webb, G. Wen, L. Westfall, G. D. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. F. Wu, Y. Xiao, Z. G. Xie, W. Xin, K. Xu, N. Xu, Z. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. F. Xu, H. Yang, Q. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yang, S. Yang, C. Ye, Z. Yepes, P. Yi, L. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Yu, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zha, W. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Y. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, J. Zhang, X. P. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhou, L. Zhu, X. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zyzak, M. CA STAR Collaboration TI Centrality and Transverse Momentum Dependence of Elliptic Flow of Multistrange Hadrons and phi Meson in Au plus Au Collisions at root S NN=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; ANISOTROPY AB We present high precision measurements of elliptic flow near midrapidity (vertical bar y vertical bar < 1.0) for multistrange hadrons and phi meson as a function of centrality and transverse momentum in Au + Au collisions at center of mass energy root S (NN) = 200 GeV. We observe that the transverse momentum dependence of phi and Omega v(2) is similar to that of pi and p, respectively, which may indicate that the heavier strange quark flows as strongly as the lighter up and down quarks. This observation constitutes a clear piece of evidence for the development of partonic collectivity in heavy-ion collisions at the top RHIC energy. Number of constituent quark scaling is found to hold within statistical uncertainty for both 0%-30% and 30%-80% collision centrality. There is an indication of the breakdown of previously observed mass ordering between phi and proton v(2) at low transverse momentum in the 0%-30% centrality range, possibly indicating late hadronic interactions affecting the proton v(2). C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Fulek, L.; Sikora, R.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Bland, L. C.; Chakaberia, I.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Eyser, O.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Heppelmann, S.; Ke, H. W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; Li, X.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Ma, R.; Ogawa, A.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, W. B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Videbk, F.; Wang, H.; Webb, J. C.; Webb, G.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Draper, J. E.; Flores, C. E.; Meehan, K.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dunkelberger, L. E.; Esha, R.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Landry, K. D.; Nasim, Md.; Pan, Y. X.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Wen, L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Feng, Z.; Huck, P.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Pei, H.; Shi, S. S.; Sun, X. M.; Wang, Y.; Wu, Y. F.; Yang, Y.; Yu, N.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhao, J.] Cent China Normal Univ HZNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Huang, B.; Khan, Z. H.; Pandit, Y.; Ye, Z.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; De Silva, L. C.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Rusnakova, O.; Trzeciak, B. A.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Federic, P.; Rusnak, J.; Simko, M.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.; Vertesi, R.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. [Kisel, I.; Kollegger, T.; Kulakov, I.; Stock, R.; Zyzak, M.] FIAS, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Das, S.; Sahu, P. K.; Tripathy, S. K.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Skoby, M. J.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Kalinkin, D.; Svirida, N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, S.; Gupta, A.; Sharma, M. K.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Aparin, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Bouchet, J.; Hamad, A.; Kabana, S.; Keane, D.; Lomnitz, M.; Margetis, S.; Quintero, A.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Singha, S.; Wu, Y.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Adkins, J. K.; Fatemi, R.; Ramachandran, S.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Jang, H.; Noh, S. Y.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Daejeon 305701, South Korea. [Chen, X.; Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Contin, G.; Dong, X.; Greiner, L.; Manion, A.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Mustafa, M. K.; Odyniec, G.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X.; Szelezniak, M. A.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kochenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Okorokov, V.; Strikhanov, M.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Bairathi, V.; Haque, R.; Mishra, D.; Mohanty, B.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Jatni 752050, Odisha, India. [Campbell, J. M.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Peterson, A.; Upsal, I.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kycia, R. A.; Pawlik, B.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Dilks, C.; Heppelmann, S.; Summa, B.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia. [Garand, D.; He, L.; Hirsch, A.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B.; Stepanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Roberts, J. B.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Guo, Y.; Jiang, K.; Li, C.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Yang, Q.; Yang, S.; Yang, C.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Y.; Zhou, L.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Xu, Q. H.; Zhang, J.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chen, J. H.; Li, W.; Ma, Y. G.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, L.; Shah, N.; Shen, W. Q.; Shou, Q. Y.; Xu, Y. F.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Gunarathne, D. S.; Kraishan, A. F.; Li, X.; Olvitt, D., Jr.; Posik, M.; Surrow, B.; Vandenbroucke, M.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Cervantes, M. C.; Chang, Z.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mondal, M. M.; Sahoo, N. R.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bhattarai, P.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; McDonald, D.; Song, L.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Huang, X.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Drachenberg, J. L.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Banerjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Nayak, T. K.; Roy, A.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Girard, M.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisiel, A.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, PL-00661 Warsaw, Poland. [Kauder, K.; Llope, W. J.; Putschke, J.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Magdy, N.; Tawfik, A.] World Lab Cosmol & Particle Phys WLCAPP, Cairo 11571, Egypt. [Caines, H.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.; Yi, L.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Adamczyk, L (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RI Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Yi, Li/Q-1705-2016; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Tawfik, Abdel Nasser/M-6220-2013; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Gunarathne, Devika/C-4903-2017 OI Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Yi, Li/0000-0002-7512-2657; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Tawfik, Abdel Nasser/0000-0002-1679-0225; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Gunarathne, Devika/0000-0002-7155-7418 FU RHIC Operations Group; RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; KISTI Center in Korea; Open Science Grid consortium; Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NSFC; MoST of China (973 Program) [2015CB856900]; CAS; MoE of China; National Research Foundation of Korea; NCKU (Taiwan); GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FIAS of Germany; DAE; DST; UGC of India; National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, the KISTI Center in Korea, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NSFC, the MoST of China (973 Program No. 2015CB856900), CAS, the MoE of China, the National Research Foundation of Korea, NCKU (Taiwan), GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FIAS of Germany, DAE, DST, and UGC of India, the National Science Centre of Poland, National Research Foundation, the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 10 PY 2016 VL 116 IS 6 AR 062301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.062301 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DD2GI UT WOS:000369740300004 ER PT J AU Osofsky, MS Hernandez, SC Nath, A Wheeler, VD Walton, SG Krowne, CM Gaskill, DK AF Osofsky, M. S. Hernandez, S. C. Nath, A. Wheeler, V. D. Walton, S. G. Krowne, C. M. Gaskill, D. K. TI Functionalized graphene as a model system for the two-dimensional metal-insulator transition SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID THIN COPPER-FILMS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; LOW-TEMPERATURES; SCALING THEORY; 2 DIMENSIONS; ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT; MONOLAYER MOS2; FERMI-LIQUID; LOCALIZATION; CONDUCTIVITY AB Reports of metallic behavior in two-dimensional (2D) systems such as high mobility metal-oxide field effect transistors, insulating oxide interfaces, graphene, and MoS2 have challenged the well-known prediction of Abrahams, et al. that all 2D systems must be insulating. The existence of a metallic state for such a wide range of 2D systems thus reveals a wide gap in our understanding of 2D transport that has become more important as research in 2D systems expands. A key to understanding the 2D metallic state is the metal-insulator transition (MIT). In this report, we explore the nature of a disorder induced MIT in functionalized graphene, a model 2D system. Magneto-transport measurements show that weak-localization overwhelmingly drives the transition, in contradiction to theoretical assumptions that enhanced electron-electron interactions dominate. These results provide the first detailed picture of the nature of the transition from the metallic to insulating states of a 2D system. C1 [Osofsky, M. S.; Hernandez, S. C.; Wheeler, V. D.; Walton, S. G.; Krowne, C. M.; Gaskill, D. K.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nath, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Osofsky, MS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.osofsky@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The authors wish to acknowledge Steve Hair for providing data processing software. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 34 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD FEB 10 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 19939 DI 10.1038/srep19939 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DD2DP UT WOS:000369733000001 PM 26860789 ER PT J AU Thompson, DR Roberts, DA Gao, BC Green, RO Guild, L Hayashi, K Kudela, R Palacios, S AF Thompson, David R. Roberts, Dar A. Gao, Bo Cai Green, Robert O. Guild, Liane Hayashi, Kendra Kudela, Raphael Palacios, Sherry TI Atmospheric correction with the Bayesian empirical line SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID IMAGING SPECTROMETER DATA; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; SATELLITE SIGNAL; SOLAR SPECTRUM; REFLECTANCE; SPECTROSCOPY; ALGORITHM; AVIRIS AB Atmospheric correction of visible/infrared spectra traditionally involves either (1) physics-based methods using Radiative Transfer Models (RTMs), or (2) empirical methods using in situ measurements. Here a more general probabilistic formulation unifies the approaches and enables combined solutions. The technique is simple to implement and provides stable results from one or more reference spectra. This makes empirical corrections practical for large or remote environments where it is difficult to acquire coincident field data. First, we use a physics-based solution to define a prior distribution over reflectances and their correction coefficients. We then incorporate reference measurements via Bayesian inference, leading to a Maximum A Posteriori estimate which is generally more accurate than pure physics-based methods yet more stable than pure empirical methods. Gaussian assumptions enable a closed form solution based on Tikhonov regularization. We demonstrate performance in atmospheric simulations and historical data from the "Classic" Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS-C) acquired during the HyspIRI mission preparatory campaign. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Thompson, David R.; Green, Robert O.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Roberts, Dar A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Gao, Bo Cai] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Guild, Liane] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Hayashi, Kendra; Kudela, Raphael] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Palacios, Sherry] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, BAERI, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Thompson, DR (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. EM david.r.thompson@jpl.nasa.gov FU US Government FX The research described in this paper was performed at the Jet Propulsion laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Copyright 2016 California Institute of Technology. All Rights Reserved. US Government Support Acknowledged. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD FEB 8 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 3 BP 2134 EP 2144 DI 10.1364/OE.24.002134 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA DF5XU UT WOS:000371427100026 PM 26906789 ER PT J AU Petrov, GM McGuffey, C Thomas, AGR Krushelnick, K Beg, FN AF Petrov, G. M. McGuffey, C. Thomas, A. G. R. Krushelnick, K. Beg, F. N. TI Proton acceleration from high-contrast short pulse lasers interacting with sub-micron thin foils SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SOLID INTERACTIONS; BEAMS; GENERATION; ABLATION; TARGETS; DRIVEN; IONS AB A theoretical study complemented with published experimental data of proton acceleration from sub-micron (thickness < 1 mu m) foils irradiated by ultra-high contrast (>10(10)) short pulse lasers is presented. The underlying physics issues pertinent to proton acceleration are addressed using two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. For laser energy epsilon <= 4 J (intensity I <= 5 x 10(20) W/cm(2)), simulation predictions agree with experimental data, both exhibiting scaling superior to Target Normal Sheath Acceleration's model. Anomalous behavior was observed for epsilon > 4 J (I > 5 x 10(20) W/cm(2)), for which the measured maximum proton energies were much lower than predicted by scaling and these simulations. This unexpected behavior could not be explained within the frame of the model, and we conjecture that pre-pulses preceding the main pulse by picoseconds may be responsible. If technological issues can be resolved, energetic proton beams could be generated for a wide range of applications such as nuclear physics, radiography, and medical science. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Petrov, G. M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [McGuffey, C.; Beg, F. N.] Univ Calif San Diego, Mech & Aerosp Engn & Ctr Energy Res, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Thomas, A. G. R.; Krushelnick, K.] Univ Michigan, Ctr Ultrafast Opt Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Petrov, GM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM george.petrov@nrl.navy.mil OI Thomas, Alexander/0000-0003-3206-8512; McGuffey, Christopher/0000-0002-8162-192X FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-14-1-0282] FX This work was performed with the support of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant No. FA9550-14-1-0282. G.M.P. would like to acknowledge the DoD HPC computing program at NRL. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 7 PY 2016 VL 119 IS 5 AR 053302 DI 10.1063/1.4941318 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DD4NU UT WOS:000369900600005 ER PT J AU Yater, JE Shaw, JL Pate, BB Feygelson, TI AF Yater, J. E. Shaw, J. L. Pate, B. B. Feygelson, T. I. TI Sub-band gap photo-enhanced secondary electron emission from high-purity single-crystal chemical-vapor-deposited diamond SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CVD DIAMOND; FIELD-EMISSION; AFFINITY; FILMS; SPECTROSCOPY; ENERGIES; SURFACES; FEATURES; BANDGAP AB Secondary-electron-emission (SEE) current measured from high-purity, single-crystal (100) chemical-vapor-deposited diamond is found to increase when sub-band gap (3.06 eV) photons are incident on the hydrogenated surface. Although the light does not produce photoemission directly, the SEE current increases by more than a factor of 2 before saturating with increasing laser power. In energy distribution curves (EDCs), the emission peak shows a corresponding increase in intensity with increasing laser power. However, the emission-onset energy in the EDCs remains constant, indicating that the bands are pinned at the surface. On the other hand, changes are observed on the high-energy side of the distribution as the laser power increases, with a well-defined shoulder becoming more pronounced. From an analysis of this feature in the EDCs, it is deduced that upward band bending is present in the near-surface region during the SEE measurements and this band bending suppresses the SEE yield. However, sub-band gap photon illumination reduces the band bending and thereby increases the SEE current. Because the bands are pinned at the surface, we conclude that the changes in the band levels occur below the surface in the electron transport region. Sample heating produces similar effects as observed with sub-band gap photon illumination, namely, an increase in SEE current and a reduction in band bending. However, the upward band bending is not fully removed by either increasing laser power or temperature, and a minimum band bending of similar to 0.8 eV is established in both cases. The sub-band gap photo-excitation mechanism is under further investigation, although it appears likely at present that defect or gap states play a role in the photo-enhanced SEE process. In the meantime, the study demonstrates the ability of visible light to modify the electronic properties of diamond and enhance the emission capabilities, which may have potential impact for diamond-based vacuum electron sources, particle detectors, and other electronic devices. C1 [Yater, J. E.; Shaw, J. L.; Pate, B. B.; Feygelson, T. I.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yater, JE (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joan.yater@nrl.navy.mil OI Shaw, Jonathan/0000-0003-3656-1611 FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors wish to thank Franklin Wood for his technical support and Kevin Jensen for many helpful discussions. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 7 PY 2016 VL 119 IS 5 AR 055703 DI 10.1063/1.4941020 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DD4NU UT WOS:000369900600035 ER PT J AU Hoffman, ME AF Hoffman, Michael E. TI Updown categories: Generating functions and universal covers SO DISCRETE MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE Category; Poset; Differential poset; Universal cover; Partition; Rooted tree ID RENORMALIZATION; ALGEBRAS AB A poset can be regarded as a category in which there is at most one morphism between objects, and such that at most one of the sets Hom(c, c') and Hom(c', c) is nonempty for distinct objects c, c'. Retaining the latter axiom but allowing for more than one morphism between objects gives a sort of generalized poset in which there are multiplicities attached to the covering relations, and possibly nontrivial automorphism groups of objects. An updown category is such a category with an appropriate grading on objects. In this paper we give a precise definition of updown categories and develop a theory for them, including two types of associated generating functions and a notion of universal covers. We give a detailed account of ten examples, including updown categories of sets, graphs, necklaces, integer partitions, integer compositions, planar rooted trees, and rooted trees. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hoffman, Michael E.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Hoffman, ME (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM meh@usna.edu OI Hoffman, Michael/0000-0002-9436-7596 FU NARC FX The author takes pleasure in acknowledging the support he has received from various institutions during the extended gestation of this paper. The basic idea was conceived during the academic year 2002-2003, when the author was partially supported by the Naval Academy Research Council (NARC). During the following academic year, while on sabbatical leave, he wrote a first draft [9] during a stay at the Max-Planck-Institut fur Mathematik (MPIM) in Bonn, and subsequently presented its contents to the research group of Prof. Lothar Gerritzen at Ruhr-Universitat Bochum during a visit supported by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD). The author thanks Prof. Gerritzen and Dr. Ralf Holtkamp for helpful discussions. During the academic years 2004-2005 and 2005-2006, the author received partial support from the NARC. Finally, he again enjoyed the hospitality of the MPIM during 2012. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-365X EI 1872-681X J9 DISCRETE MATH JI Discret. Math. PD FEB 6 PY 2016 VL 339 IS 2 BP 906 EP 922 DI 10.1016/j.disc.2015.10.035 PG 17 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA DA2MW UT WOS:000367630800056 ER PT J AU Rostami, S Chini, M Lim, K Palastro, JP Durand, M Diels, JC Arissian, L Baudelet, M Richardson, M AF Rostami, Shermineh Chini, Michael Lim, Khan Palastro, John P. Durand, Magali Diels, Jean-Claude Arissian, Ladan Baudelet, Matthieu Richardson, Martin TI Dramatic enhancement of supercontinuum generation in elliptically-polarized laser filaments SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID SELF-COMPRESSION; LIGHT FILAMENTS; AIR; PULSES; CHIRP; BIREFRINGENCE; PROPAGATION; MOLECULES; INTENSE; GASES AB Broadband laser sources based on supercontinuum generation in femtosecond laser filamentation have enabled applications from stand-off sensing and spectroscopy to the generation and self-compression of high-energy few-cycle pulses. Filamentation relies on the dynamic balance between self-focusing and plasma defocusing - mediated by the Kerr nonlinearity and multiphoton or tunnel ionization, respectively. The filament properties, including the supercontinuum generation, are therefore highly sensitive to the properties of both the laser source and the propagation medium. Here, we report the anomalous spectral broadening of the supercontinuum for filamentation in molecular gases, which is observed for specific elliptical polarization states of the input laser pulse. The resulting spectrum is accompanied by a modification of the supercontinuum polarization state and a lengthening of the filament plasma column. Our experimental results and accompanying simulations suggest that rotational dynamics of diatomic molecules play an essential role in filamentation-induced supercontinuum generation, which can be controlled with polarization ellipticity. C1 [Rostami, Shermineh; Diels, Jean-Claude; Arissian, Ladan] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Tech Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Rostami, Shermineh; Chini, Michael; Lim, Khan; Durand, Magali; Baudelet, Matthieu; Richardson, Martin] Univ Cent Florida, CREOL, Townes Laser Inst, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Palastro, John P.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Chini, Michael] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Baudelet, Matthieu] Univ Cent Florida, Natl Ctr Forens Sci, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Baudelet, Matthieu] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Chem, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Richardson, M (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, CREOL, Townes Laser Inst, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM mcr@creol.ucf.edu FU ARO-MURI program "Light Filamentation Science"; HEL-JTO program "Fundamentals of Filament Interaction"; State of Florida; DSO National Laboratories, Singapore FX This work is funded by the ARO-MURI program "Light Filamentation Science," by the HEL-JTO program "Fundamentals of Filament Interaction," and by the State of Florida. K.L. was funded by DSO National Laboratories, Singapore. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 28 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD FEB 5 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 20363 DI 10.1038/srep20363 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DC7DY UT WOS:000369380400001 PM 26847427 ER PT J AU Thoppil, PG Metzger, EJ Hurlburt, HE Smedstad, OM Ichikawa, H AF Thoppil, Prasad G. Metzger, E. Joseph Hurlburt, Harley E. Smedstad, Ole Martin Ichikawa, Hiroshi TI The current system east of the Ryukyu Islands as revealed by a global ocean reanalysis SO PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Review ID NORTHEASTWARD CURRENT SOUTHEAST; SATELLITE-ALTIMETER; VOLUME TRANSPORT; OKINAWA ISLAND; KUROSHIO EAST; MESOSCALE EDDIES; SEASONAL CYCLE; KERAMA GAP; CHINA-SEA; VARIABILITY AB The structure and variability of the Ryukyu Current System (RCS), which forms the western boundary current along the eastern slope of the Ryukyu Islands, are studied using results from a 32-layer, 1/12.5 degrees global HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) and Navy Coupled Ocean Data Assimilation (NCODA) reanalysis for the period 19932012. It is confirmed that the reanalysis realistically reproduces salient features of the observed currents at three sections southeast of Miyakojima, Okinawa and Amami-Ohshima. The mean velocity sections show well-developed subsurface velocity maxima between 700 and 900 m. The current core southeast of Amami-Ohshima shows year-to-year variations with cyclonic (anticyclonic) circulation east of Amami-Ohshima generating weak (strong) velocity cores. Interaction of the RCS with an anticyclonic eddy often produces a two-core velocity structure, with a surface core in the upper 300 m and a deeper core near 700900 m. The horizontal structure of the RCS at 15 m depth shows a well-developed northeastward current northeast of Okinawa, which is partly fed by the southwestward extension of the anticyclonic recirculation gyre. The RCS forms a continuous northeastward current from Miyakojima to Amami-Ohshima below 500 m with shoreward intensification. The circulation at 2000 m shows a seasonal flow reversal, which is northeastward from December to June and southwestward from August to October with July and November being the transition months. The volume transports across these three sections have respective mean values of 0.6, 6.2 and 12.4 Sv (1 Sv equivalent to 10(6) m(3) s(-1)) and standard deviations of 10.2, 7.1 and 11.3 Sv. They have dominant seasonal variations with the maximum in winter and spring and the minimum in summer. The interannual variation of the transport anomaly, which co-varies with the RCS core, results from westward propagating mesoscale eddies arriving from the Pacific interior. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Thoppil, Prasad G.; Metzger, E. Joseph] Naval Res Lab, Open Ocean Proc & Predict, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Hurlburt, Harley E.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Smedstad, Ole Martin] Vencore, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Ichikawa, Hiroshi] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan. [Ichikawa, Hiroshi] Anjindai, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2380048, Japan. RP Thoppil, PG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Open Ocean Proc & Predict, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM prasad.thoppil@nrlssc.navy.mil OI Ichikawa, Hiroshi/0000-0001-6576-0455 NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0079-6611 J9 PROG OCEANOGR JI Prog. Oceanogr. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 141 BP 239 EP 258 DI 10.1016/j.pocean.2015.12.013 PG 20 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DO9IZ UT WOS:000378101200017 ER PT J AU Arias-Monje, PJ Menon, SK Zea, H Osswald, S Luhrs, CC AF Arias-Monje, Pedro J. Menon, Sarath K. Zea, Hugo Osswald, Sebastian Luhrs, Claudia C. TI Nitrogen Doped Graphene Generated by Microwave Plasma and Reduction Expansion Synthesis SO NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Doped Graphene; Reduction Expansion Synthesis (RES); Microwave Plasma ID GRAPHITE OXIDE; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE; SUSPENDED GRAPHENE; BILAYER GRAPHENE; CARBON NANOTUBES; SURFACE-AREA; NANOSHEETS; SHEETS AB This work aimed to produce nitrogen doped graphene from Graphite Oxide (GO) by combining the Expansion Reduction Synthesis (RES) approach, which utilizes urea as doping/reducing agent, with the use of an Atmospheric Plasma torch (Plasma), which provides the high temperature reactor environment known to thermally exfoliate it. The use of this combined strategy (Plasma-RES) was tried in an attempt to increase the surface area of the products. The amount of nitrogen doping was controlled by varying the urea/GO mass ratios in the precursor powders. X-ray diffraction analysis, SEM, TEM, BET surface areas and conductivity measurements of the diverse products are presented. Nitrogen inclusion in the graphene samples was corroborated by the mass spectral signal of the evolved gases generated during thermal programmed oxidation experiments of the products and by EDX analysis. We found that the Plasma-RES method can successfully generate doped graphene in situ as the urea and GO precursors simultaneously decompose and reduce in the discharge zone. When using the same amount of urea in the precursor mixture, samples obtained in Plasma-RES have higher surface area than those generated by RES, however they contain a smaller nitrogen content. C1 [Arias-Monje, Pedro J.; Menon, Sarath K.; Luhrs, Claudia C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Arias-Monje, Pedro J.; Zea, Hugo] Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Ingn Quim & Ambiental, Bogota 111321, Colombia. [Osswald, Sebastian] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Luhrs, CC (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 19 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI VALENCIA PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA SN 1941-4900 EI 1941-4919 J9 NANOSCI NANOTECH LET JI Nanosci. Nanotechnol. Lett. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 8 IS 2 BP 120 EP 128 DI 10.1166/nnl.2016.2055 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DO9WA UT WOS:000378137500002 ER PT J AU Huggins, TM Latorre, A Biffinger, JC Ren, ZJ AF Huggins, Tyler M. Latorre, Albert Biffinger, Justin C. Ren, Zhiyong Jason TI Biochar Based Microbial Fuel Cell for Enhanced Wastewater Treatment and Nutrient Recovery SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article ID BIOELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS; ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS; ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION; CATHODE; SOIL; TECHNOLOGY; SLUDGE; REUSE C1 [Huggins, Tyler M.; Latorre, Albert; Ren, Zhiyong Jason] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Biffinger, Justin C.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 6100, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ren, ZJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM michell.huggins@colorado.edu; albert.latorre@colorado.edu; Justin.biffinger@nrl.navy.mil; zhiyong.ren@colorado.edu FU ONR through University Laboratory Initiative [N00014-12-1-0293]; ONR through NURP [N00014-12-1-0293] FX The authors are grateful to Maria Medeiros (ONR, #N00014-12-1-0293) for financial support through the University Laboratory Initiative and NURP. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 19 U2 36 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD FEB PY 2016 VL 8 IS 2 AR 169 DI 10.3390/su8020169 PG 10 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DG1LR UT WOS:000371830100064 ER PT J AU Kellermann, M AF Kellermann, Michael TI Electoral Vulnerability, Constituency Focus, and Parliamentary Questions in the House of Commons SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF POLITICS & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS LA English DT Article DE parliamentary questions; electoral connection; legislative behaviour; House of Commons ID INCUMBENCY ADVANTAGE; VOTE AB An emerging literature suggests that British MPs use legislative tools such as private member bills and early day motions to develop reputations with constituents, notwithstanding the common belief that individual legislative behaviour has little effect on electoral outcomes in Britain. This study demonstrates that British MPs also use parliamentary questions to respond to electoral vulnerability. Using data on written parliamentary questions asked between 1997 and 2010, it examines two possible consequences of electoral vulnerability: increased question frequency and greater focus on constituency issues in questions. It demonstrates that members ask more written parliamentary questions on average when their margin of victory decreases. In contrast, there is no meaningful evidence that MP focus on constituency issues increases with electoral marginality. These findings suggest that members use questions to signal effort to their constituents rather than attention to constituency issues. C1 [Kellermann, Michael] US Naval Acad, Dept Polit Sci, 589 McNair Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Kellermann, M (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Polit Sci, 589 McNair Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM kellerma@usna.edu FU Naval Academy Research Council FX This research was conducted with the support of a Naval Academy Research Council summer grant. Any views expressed are the author's and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Naval Academy, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Replication data available from https://thedata.harvard.edu/dvn/dv/mkellermann. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1369-1481 EI 1467-856X J9 BRIT J POLIT INT REL JI Br. J. Polit. Int. Relat. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 18 IS 1 BP 90 EP 106 DI 10.1111/1467-856X.12075 PG 17 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA DL6UA UT WOS:000375773800005 ER PT J AU Moran, D AF Moran, Daniel TI For Liberty and the Republic: The American Citizen as Soldier, 1775-1861 SO AMERICAN HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 [Moran, Daniel] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Moran, D (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0002-8762 EI 1937-5239 J9 AM HIST REV JI Am. Hist. Rev. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 121 IS 1 BP 233 EP 233 DI 10.1093/ahr/121.1.233 PG 1 WC History SC History GA DJ5EP UT WOS:000374229900050 ER PT J AU Catlett, MR Anderson, JM Forest, JB Stewart, DO AF Catlett, M. Ryan Anderson, Jason M. Forest, Jonathan B. Stewart, Devin O. TI Empirical Modeling of Pressure Spectra in Adverse Pressure Gradient Turbulent Boundary Layers SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference CY JUN 16-20, 2014 CL Atlanta, GA SP AIAA, CEAS ID FLUCTUATIONS AB This study investigated the unsteady aerodynamic forcing that occurs near the trailing edge of airfoils with chordwise Reynolds numbers between 2 and 6 million. Static pressure, unsteady surface pressure, and velocity measurements were made throughout the trailing-edge region of an airfoil model with three interchangeable, symmetric trailing-edge sections. The data of the present study were used to develop a new model for estimation of fluctuating surface pressure autospectra beneath two-dimensional turbulent boundary layer flow experiencing an adverse pressure gradient of variable strength. This new model has been used to compare with data from six separate experimental investigations from literature, and has been compared against a separately developed empirical model of the fluctuating surface pressure. Additional empirical modeling of the coherent extents of the fluctuating pressure field in the longitudinal and lateral directions, as well as the convection velocity, is presented as a function of nondimensional variables dependent on the adverse pressure gradient flow condition. C1 [Catlett, M. Ryan; Anderson, Jason M.; Forest, Jonathan B.; Stewart, Devin O.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Catlett, MR (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 54 IS 2 BP 569 EP 587 DI 10.2514/1.J054375 PG 19 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DI1YY UT WOS:000373294100016 ER PT J AU Huguenard, KD Bogucki, DJ Ortiz-Suslow, DG Laxague, NJM MacMahan, JH Ozgokmen, TM Haus, BK Reniers, AJHM Hargrove, J Soloviev, AV Graber, H AF Huguenard, K. D. Bogucki, D. J. Ortiz-Suslow, D. G. Laxague, N. J. M. MacMahan, J. H. Oezgoekmen, T. M. Haus, B. K. Reniers, A. J. H. M. Hargrove, J. Soloviev, A. V. Graber, H. TI On the nature of the frontal zone of the Choctawhatchee Bay plume in the Gulf of Mexico SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE river plume; mixing; TKE dissipation; frontal zone ID TURBULENT KINETIC-ENERGY; DOPPLER-VELOCIMETER DATA; INTERNAL WAVES; VERTICAL MOTIONS; SHELF; DISSIPATION; LAYER; DISCHARGE; ESTUARY; WATERS AB River plumes often feature turbulent processes in the frontal zone and interfacial region at base of the plume, which ultimately impact spreading and mixing rates with the ambient coastal ocean. The degree to which these processes govern overall plume mixing is yet to be quantified with microstructure observations. A field campaign was conducted in a river plume in the northeast Gulf of Mexico in December 2013, in order to assess mixing processes that could potentially impact transport and dispersion of surface material near coastal regions. Current velocity, density, and Turbulent Kinetic Energy Values, epsilon, were obtained using an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), a Conductivity Temperature Depth (CTD) profiler, a Vertical Microstructure Profiler (VMP), and two Acoustic Doppler Velocimeters (ADVs). The frontal region contained epsilon values on the order of 10(-5) m(2) s(-3), which were markedly larger than in the ambient water beneath (O 10(-9) m(2) s(-3)). An energetic wake of moderate epsilon values (O 10(-6) m(2) s(-3)) was observed trailing the frontal edge. The interfacial region of an interior section of the plume featured opposing horizontal velocities and a epsilon value on the order of 10(-6) m(2) s(-3). A simplified mixing budget was used under significant assumptions to compare contributions from wind, tides, and frontal regions of the plume. The results from this order of magnitude analysis indicated that frontal processes (59%) dominated in overall mixing. This emphasizes the importance of adequate parameterization of river plume frontal processes in coastal predictive models. C1 [Huguenard, K. D.] Univ Maine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Orono, ME USA. [Bogucki, D. J.] Texas A&M Corpus Christi, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Corpus Christi, TX USA. [Ortiz-Suslow, D. G.; Laxague, N. J. M.; Oezgoekmen, T. M.; Haus, B. K.; Hargrove, J.; Graber, H.] Univ Miami, Dept Ocean Sci, Miami, FL USA. [MacMahan, J. H.] Naval Post Grad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA USA. [Reniers, A. J. H. M.] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Hydraul Engn, Delft, Netherlands. [Soloviev, A. V.] Nova SE Univ, Dept Marine & Environm Sci, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Huguenard, KD (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Orono, ME USA. EM kimberly.huguenard@maine.edu FU Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative FX This research was made possible by a grant from The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative. Data are publicly available through the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Information & Data Cooperative (GRIIDC) at https://data.gulfresearchinitiative.org. The authors are thankful for the constructive comments provided by three anonymous reviewers. The authors would also like to thank Lauren Ross, Jackie Branyon, and Mike Rebozo for their help during fieldwork, in addition to Rob Hetland for his insightful comments and suggestions on the work. NR 62 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD FEB PY 2016 VL 121 IS 2 BP 1322 EP 1345 DI 10.1002/2015JC010988 PG 24 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DH9RX UT WOS:000373134600018 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Holt, B Rogers, WE Thomson, J Shen, HH AF Wang, Yu Holt, Benjamin Rogers, W. Erick Thomson, Jim Shen, Hayley H. TI Wind and wave influences on sea ice floe size and leads in the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas during the summer-fall transition 2014 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE sea ice morphology; wind; wave; Beaufort; Chukchi; summer-fall ID OCEAN WAVES; WEDDELL SEA; AMSR-E; ORIENTATION; IMAGERY; SURFACE; STORM; ZONE; PROPAGATION; EVOLUTION AB Sea ice floe size distribution and lead properties in the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas are studied in the summer-fall transition 2014 to examine the impact on the sea ice cover from storms and surface waves. Floe size distributions are analyzed from MEDEA, Landsat8, and RADARSAT-2 imagery, with a resolution span of 1-100 m. Landsat8 imagery is also used to identify the orientation and spacing of leads. The study period centers around three large wave events during August-September 2014 identified by SWIFT buoys and WAVEWATCH III (R) model data. The range of floe sizes from different resolutions provides the overall distribution across a wide range of ice properties and estimated thickness. All cumulative floe size distribution curves show a gradual bending toward shallower slopes for smaller floe sizes. The overall slopes in the cumulative floe size distribution curves from Landsat8 images are lower than, while those from RADARSAT-2 are similar to, previously reported results in the same region and seasonal period. The MEDEA floe size distributions appeared to be sensitive to the passage of storms. Lead orientations, regardless of length, correlate slightly better with the peak wave direction than with the mean wave direction. Their correlation with the geostrophic wind is stronger than with the surface wind. The spacing between shorter leads correlates well with the local incoming surface wavelengths, obtained from the model peak wave frequency. The information derived shows promise for a coordinated multisensor study of storm effects in the Arctic marginal ice zone. C1 [Wang, Yu] Ocean Univ China, Dept Oceanog, Phys Oceanog Lab, Qingdao, Peoples R China. [Holt, Benjamin] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Rogers, W. Erick] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Thomson, Jim] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Shen, Hayley H.] Clarkson Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Potsdam, NY USA. RP Shen, HH (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Potsdam, NY USA. EM hhshen@clarkson.edu FU China Scholarship Council [201306330026]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41521091, U1406401]; Clarkson University; Office of Naval Research [N00014-13-1-0294, N0001413WX20825, N00014-12-1-0113, N0001415IP00081]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The first author is a visiting doctoral student at Clarkson University. The financial support of China Scholarship Council (201306330026), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41521091, U1406401) and the hospitality of Clarkson University are appreciated. This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research, including grants N00014-13-1-0294, N0001413WX20825, and N00014-12-1-0113. This work was also performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with support from the Office of Naval Research (grant N0001415IP00081). We thank William Olsen of Clarkson University for his generous guidance in using ArcGIS for part of the image analysis, and the insightful suggestions from the anonymous reviewers. The data used in this study are all provided in the references cited. They are also listed below: air temperature (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/cgi-bin/DataAccess.pl?DB_dataset=NCEP+Rean alysis+Daily+Averages+Surface+Level & ice mass balance buoy data (http://imb.erdc.dren.mil/index.htm); ice thickness data (http://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds093.0/#!access); Landsat8 data (http://LandSAT.usgs.gov/Landsat8.php); MEDEA data (http://gfl.usgs.gov/); RADARSAT-2 data (http://www.apl.washington.edu/project/project.php?id5arctic_sea_state); sea surface mean surface temperature, MST (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/cgi-bin/DataAccess.pl?DB_dataset=NCEP+Rean alysis+Daily+Averages+Surface+Flux & SWIFT10 camera record (http://faculty.washington.edu/jmt3rd/SWIFTdata/ArcticOcean/SWIFT10_Sep1 _Sep15_Timelapse.mp4); wave data (http://apl.uw.edu/swift); wind data source (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanalysis.surface. html); RADARSAT-2 images were collected by the Center for Southeastern Tropical Advanced Remote Sensing (CSTARS) in support of the Marginal Ice Zone program and made available for use within the related Sea State program. NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD FEB PY 2016 VL 121 IS 2 BP 1502 EP 1525 DI 10.1002/2015JC011349 PG 24 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DH9RX UT WOS:000373134600027 ER PT J AU Wu, ST Zhou, YF Jiang, CW Feng, XS Wu, CC Hu, Q AF Wu, S. T. Zhou, Yufen Jiang, Chaowei Feng, Xueshang Wu, Chin-Chun Hu, Qiang TI A data-constrained three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulation model for a coronal mass ejection initiation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); methods: numerical; Sun: corona; Sun: flux rope; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: flares; Sun: magnetic field ID CESE-MHD MODEL; MAGNETIC-FLUX ROPE; SOLAR-WIND; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; DRIVEN SHOCKS; FIELD; EVENT; CMES; TIME; SUN AB In this study, we present a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic model based on an observed eruptive twisted flux rope (sigmoid) deduced from solar vector magnetograms. This model is a combination of our two very well tested MHD models: (i) data-driven 3-D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) active region evolution (MHD-DARE) model for the reconstruction of the observed flux rope and (ii) 3-D MHD global coronal-heliosphere evolution (MHD-GCHE) model to track the propagation of the observed flux rope. The 6 September 2011, AR11283, event is used to test this model. First, the formation of the flux rope (sigmoid) from AR11283 is reproduced by the MHD-DARE model with input from the measured vector magnetograms given by Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager. Second, these results are used as the initial boundary condition for our MHD-GCHE model for the initiation of a coronal mass ejection (CME) as observed. The model output indicates that the flux rope resulting from MHD-DARE produces the physical properties of a CME, and the morphology resembles the observations made by STEREO/COR-1. C1 [Wu, S. T.; Jiang, Chaowei; Hu, Qiang] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Wu, S. T.] Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Zhou, Yufen; Jiang, Chaowei; Feng, Xueshang] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Space Sci Ctr, State Key Lab Space Weather, SIGMA Weather Grp, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wu, Chin-Chun] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hu, Qiang] Univ Alabama, Dept Space Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. RP Wu, ST (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.; Wu, ST (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM wus@uah.edu FU NSF [AGS-1153323, AGS-1062050]; National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB825601]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41231068, 41374176, 41574171, 41531073] FX Work performed by S. T. W., C. W. J., and Q. H. is supported by NSF grant AGS-1153323. Y. F. Z. and X. S. F. are supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (grant 2012CB825601) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41231068, 41374176, 41574171, and 41531073). Work of C. C. W. is supported by Chief of Naval Research. Q. H. also acknowledges NSF grant AGS-1062050 for partial support. You may obtain the data by contacting Yufen Zhou at yfzhou@spaceweather.ac.cn. The numerical calculation has been completed on our SIGIMA Cluster computing system. Data are courtesy of NASA/SDO and WSO, HMI, and STEREO/COR-1 science teams. The authors would like to express their appreciation to Simon Plunkett and Gang Li for reading the manuscript and giving invaluable suggestion. In addition, we thank the referees for their comments for improving the manuscript. NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 121 IS 2 BP 1009 EP 1023 DI 10.1002/2015JA021615 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DH7VN UT WOS:000373002100006 ER PT J AU Sassi, F Liu, HL Emmert, JT AF Sassi, Fabrizio Liu, Han-Li Emmert, John T. TI Traveling planetary-scale waves in the lower thermosphere: Effects on neutral density and composition during solar minimum conditions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Rossby waves; thermosphere; neutral composition ID ROSSBY NORMAL-MODES; NONUNIFORM BACKGROUND CONFIGURATIONS; UPPER-ATMOSPHERE; 5-DAY WAVE; SURF ZONE; WACCM-X; STRATOSPHERE; MESOSPHERE; WINTER; VARIABILITY AB The effects of breaking of traveling, planetary scale Rossby waves (TPWs) in the lower thermosphere are investigated with respect to the mixing of neutral constituents. We use numerical simulations of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model, eXtended version, whose meteorology below 92km is constrained by atmospheric specifications obtained from operational weather forecast/data assimilation system. The Fourier spectra show that the amplitude of TPWs with periods between 3 and 10days are statistically significant in some years; the amplitude and phase of the band-pass filtered behavior is consistent with the behavior of the 5day wave. A wavelet analysis using the S-transform shows that large variations with periods between 3 and 10days can occur in relatively narrow temporal windows (20-30days) during boreal winter. The momentum flux entering the lower thermosphere during the times of TPW amplification is shown to be large, and the amplifications of the TPWs in the thermosphere are not always associated with stratospheric sudden warming. The subtropical zonal accelerations are consistent with Rossby wave encountering a surf zone at low latitudes, resulting in wave breaking. The zonal acceleration is shown to be associated with a meridional diffusion, which is largest in the lower thermosphere where the wave activity and the wave breaking are also large. The ultimate effect on neutral density and composition is a meridional, down-gradient mixing; although this horizontal diffusion is largest below 110km, the effects on the composition are amplified with increasing altitude, due to the diffusive separation of the thermosphere. C1 [Sassi, Fabrizio; Emmert, John T.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Liu, Han-Li] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Pob 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Sassi, F (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM fabrizio.sassi@nrl.navy.mil RI Liu, Han-Li/A-9549-2008; OI Liu, Han-Li/0000-0002-6370-0704; Sassi, Fabrizio/0000-0002-9492-7434 FU NASA/LWS [NNH12AT21I]; U.S. National Science Foundation FX SD-WACCM-X simulation output is archived at the Naval Research Laboratory; model output is available from the authors upon request. F.S., H.L.L., and J.T.E. are partially supported by NASA/LWS grant NNH12AT21I. F.S. and J.T.E. acknowledge also the support of 6.1 funding from the Chief of Naval Research. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the U.S. National Science Foundation. This work is supported in part by a grant of computer time from the DOD High Performance Computing Modernization Program at the US Navy DOD Supercomputing Resource Center (NAVO). NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 121 IS 2 BP 1780 EP 1801 DI 10.1002/2015JA022082 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DH7VN UT WOS:000373002100063 ER PT J AU Kilroy, G Smith, RK Montgomery, MT AF Kilroy, Gerard Smith, Roger K. Montgomery, Michael T. TI Why Do Model Tropical Cyclones Grow Progressively in Size and Decay in Intensity after Reaching Maturity? SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID LAYER WIND STRUCTURE; HURRICANE CORE; INTENSIFICATION; SEPTEMBER; BALANCE AB The long-term behavior of tropical cyclones in the prototype problem for cyclone intensification on an f plane is examined using a nonhydrostatic, three-dimensional numerical model. After reaching a mature intensity, the model storms progressively decay while both the inner-core size, characterized by the radius of the eyewall, and the size of the outer circulation-measured, for example, by the radius of the gale-force winds-progressively increase. This behavior is explained in terms of a boundary layer control mechanism in which the expansion of the swirling wind in the lower troposphere leads through boundary layer dynamics to an increase in the radii of forced eyewall ascent as well as to a reduction in the maximum tangential wind speed in the layer. These changes are accompanied by changes in the radial and vertical distribution of diabatic heating. As long as the aggregate effects of inner-core convection, characterized by the distribution of diabatic heating, are able to draw absolute angular momentum surfaces inward, the outer circulation will continue to expand. The quantitative effects of latitude on the foregoing processes are investigated also. The study provides new insight into the factors controlling the evolution of the size and intensity of a tropical cyclone. It provides also a plausible, and arguably simpler, explanation for the expansion of the inner core of Hurricane Isabel (2003) and Typhoon Megi (2010) than that given previously. C1 [Kilroy, Gerard; Smith, Roger K.] Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany. [Montgomery, Michael T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. RP Kilroy, G (reprint author), Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany. EM gerard.kilroy@lmu.de FU German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) [SM30-23]; Office of Naval Research Global [N62909-15-1-N021]; NSF [AGS-1313]; NOAA HFIP Grant [N0017315WR00048]; NASA [NNG11PK021]; U.S. Naval Postgraduate School FX We thank Dr. Christoph Schmidt for his perceptive comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. We thank also Noel Davidson and two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments on the original version of the manuscript. RKS and GK acknowledge financial support for this research from the German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) under Grant SM30-23 and the Office of Naval Research Global under Grant N62909-15-1-N021. MTM acknowledges the support of Interagency Agreement NSF AGS-1313, NOAA HFIP Grant N0017315WR00048, NASA Grant NNG11PK021, and the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not represent sponsoring agencies or institutions. NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 73 IS 2 BP 487 EP 503 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-15-0157.1 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DH8DW UT WOS:000373024700003 ER PT J AU Anguelova, MD Hwang, PA AF Anguelova, Magdalena D. Hwang, Paul A. TI Using Energy Dissipation Rate to Obtain Active Whitecap Fraction SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Wave breaking; Physical Meteorology and Climatology; Surface fluxes; Atm/Ocean Structure/ Phenomena; Atmosphere-ocean interaction; Circulation/ Dynamics ID SURFACE-WAVE-BREAKING; GAS TRANSFER VELOCITIES; OCEAN SURFACE; WIND SEA; PART II; FIELD-MEASUREMENTS; GRAVITY-WAVES; MOMENTUM FLUX; TOGA COARE; TURBULENCE AB Active and total whitecap fractions quantify the spatial extent of oceanic whitecaps in different lifetime stages. Total whitecap fraction W includes both the dynamic foam patches of the initial breaking and the static foam patches during whitecap decay. Dynamic air-sea processes in the upper ocean are best parameterized in terms of active whitecap fraction W-A associated with actively breaking crests. The conventional intensity threshold approach used to extract W-A from photographs is subjective, which contributes to the wide spread of W-A data. A novel approach of obtaining W-A from energy dissipation rate epsilon is proposed. An expression for W-A is derived in terms of energy dissipation rate W-A(epsilon) on the basis of the Phillips concept of breaking crest length distribution. This approach allows more objective determination of W-A using the breaker kinematic and dynamic properties yet avoids the use of measuring breaking crest distribution from photographs. The feasibility of using W-A(epsilon) is demonstrated with one possible implementation using buoy data and a parametric model for the energy dissipation rate. Results from W-A(epsilon) are compared to W-A from photographic data. Sensitivity analysis quantifies variations in W-A estimates caused by different parameter choices in the W-A(epsilon) expression. The breaking strength parameter b has the greatest influence on the W-A(epsilon) estimates, followed by the breaker minimal speed and bubble persistence time. The merits and caveats of the novel approach, possible improvements, and implications for using the W-A(epsilon) expression to extract W-A from satellite-based radiometric measurements of W are discussed. C1 [Anguelova, Magdalena D.; Hwang, Paul A.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7223,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Anguelova, MD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7223,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM maggie.anguelova@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research, NRL Program [61153N WU 4500] FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research, NRL Program element 61153N WU 4500. We thank Brian Ward and Brian Scanlon for sharing whitecap data from the Knorr field campaign. We also thank the two anonymous reviewers for their careful reviews and valuable suggestions, which strengthened the paper. NR 93 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 EI 1520-0485 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 46 IS 2 BP 461 EP 481 DI 10.1175/JPO-D-15-0069.1 PG 21 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DH3SK UT WOS:000372706800001 ER PT J AU Kang, D Wang, Q AF Kang, Doreene Wang, Qing TI Optimized Estimation of Surface Layer Characteristics from Profiling Measurements SO ATMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE surface layer; optimal estimation; turbulence characteristics ID ATMOSPHERE RESPONSE EXPERIMENT; AIR-SEA FLUXES; BULK PARAMETERIZATION; EVAPORATION DUCT; WIND SPEEDS; TEMPERATURE; INTERFACE; STRESS; COARE; MODEL AB New sampling techniques such as tethered-balloon-based measurements or small unmanned aerial vehicles are capable of providing multiple profiles of the Marine Atmospheric Surface Layer (MASL) in a short time period. It is desirable to obtain surface fluxes from these measurements, especially when direct flux measurements are difficult to obtain. The profiling data is different from the traditional mean profiles obtained at two or more fixed levels in the surface layer from which surface fluxes of momentum, sensible heat, and latent heat are derived based on Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory (MOST). This research develops an improved method to derive surface fluxes and the corresponding MASL mean profiles of wind, temperature, and humidity with a least-squares optimization method using the profiling measurements. This approach allows the use of all available independent data. We use a weighted cost function based on the framework of MOST with the cost being optimized using a quasi-Newton method. This approach was applied to seven sets of data collected from the Monterey Bay. The derived fluxes and mean profiles show reasonable results. An empirical bias analysis is conducted using 1000 synthetic datasets to evaluate the robustness of the method. C1 [Kang, Doreene] Harker Sch, San Jose, CA 95128 USA. [Wang, Qing] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Wang, Q (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM kangdoreene@gmail.com; qwang@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (MURI) program [N0001415WX00237] FX The authors acknowledge the Office of Naval Research (ONR) Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (MURI) program for supporting the Coupled Air-sea Processes and Electromagnetic wave ducting Research (CASPER) project under award number N0001415WX00237. Doreene Kang acknowledges the ONR Science and Engineering Apprenticeship Program (SEAP) for the opportunity to participate in research at the Meteorology Department of the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4433 J9 ATMOSPHERE-BASEL JI Atmosphere PD FEB PY 2016 VL 7 IS 2 AR 14 DI 10.3390/atmos7020014 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DG1KZ UT WOS:000371828200012 ER PT J AU Lourenco, NE Zeinolabedinzadeh, S Ildefonso, A Fleetwood, ZE Coen, CT Song, I Jung, S Inanlou, F Roche, NJH Khachatrian, A McMorrow, D Buchner, SP Warner, JH Paki, P Cressler, JD AF Lourenco, Nelson E. Zeinolabedinzadeh, Saeed Ildefonso, Adrian Fleetwood, Zachary E. Coen, Christopher T. Song, Ickhyun Jung, Seungwoo Inanlou, Farzad Roche, Nicolas J. -H. Khachatrian, Ani McMorrow, Dale Buchner, Stephen P. Warner, Jeffrey H. Paki, Pauline Cressler, John D. TI An Investigation of Single-Event Effect Modeling Techniques for a SiGe RF Low-Noise Amplifier SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Charge collection; current injection; MixCAD; mixed mode; NanoTCAD; parasitics; radiation hardening; SiGe HBT; silicon-germanium technology; single-event effects (SEE); single-event transient (SET); two-photon absorption experiments ID TRANSIENT-RESPONSE; LINEAR CIRCUITS; ELECTRONICS; TRANSISTORS; TECHNOLOGY; OPERATION; BICMOS; LOGIC AB The single-event transient (SET) response of a SiGe-based, L-band low-noise amplifier (LNA) is investigated, with a focus on providing recommendations for radiation event simulation techniques. Pulsed-laser, two-photon absorption experiments show that the SET sensitivity of the SiGe LNA is highly dependent on operating conditions and strike location. Time and frequency-domain analyses raise potential concerns for digital data modulated on RF carrier signals. Device and circuit-level ion-strike TCAD simulations are utilized to compare alternative simulation approaches, highlight the importance of parasitics on SET simulation accuracy, and suggest best practices for modeling radiation-induced transients within RF/mm-wave circuits. C1 [Lourenco, Nelson E.; Zeinolabedinzadeh, Saeed; Ildefonso, Adrian; Fleetwood, Zachary E.; Coen, Christopher T.; Song, Ickhyun; Jung, Seungwoo; Cressler, John D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Inanlou, Farzad] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Roche, Nicolas J. -H.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Khachatrian, Ani] Sotera Def, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. [McMorrow, Dale; Buchner, Stephen P.; Warner, Jeffrey H.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Paki, Pauline] Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Lourenco, NE; Cressler, JD (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM nlourenco@gatech.edu; cressler@ece.gatech.edu NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 63 IS 1 BP 273 EP 280 DI 10.1109/TNS.2015.2509250 PN 2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DG4AJ UT WOS:000372012000011 ER PT J AU Jenkins, N Petty, C Phillips, J AF Jenkins, Natalie Petty, Clayton Phillips, Jonathan TI Investigation of Fumed Silica/Aqueous NaCl Superdielectric Material SO MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE dielectric; superdielectric; capacitor ID IRON PENTACARBONYL DECOMPOSITION; COLOSSAL DIELECTRIC-CONSTANTS; ENERGY DENSITY; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; BARIUM-TITANATE; CAPACITORS; SUPERCAPACITOR; CACU3TI4O12; COMPOSITES; THRESHOLD AB A constant current charge/discharge protocol which showed fumed silica filled to the point of incipient wetness with aqueous NaCl solution to have dielectric constants >10(8) over the full range of dielectric thicknesses of 0.38-3.9 mm and discharge times of 0.25->100 s was studied, making this material another example of a superdielectric. The dielectric constant was impacted by both frequency and thickness. For time to discharge greater than 10 s the dielectric constant for all thicknesses needed to be fairly constant, always >10(9), although trending higher with increasing thickness. At shorter discharge times the dielectric constant consistently decreased, with decreasing time to discharge. Hence, it is reasonable to suggest that for time to discharge >10 s the dielectric constant at all thicknesses will be greater than 10(9). This in turn implies an energy density for a 5 micron thick dielectric layer in the order of 350 J/cm(3) for discharge times greater than 10 s. C1 [Jenkins, Natalie; Petty, Clayton] Naval Postgraduate Sch, Dept Mech Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Jenkins, Natalie; Petty, Clayton] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Phillips, Jonathan] Naval Postgrad Sch, Energy Acad Grp, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Phillips, J (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Energy Acad Grp, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM nljenkin@nps.edu; cwpetty@nps.edu; jphillip@nps.edu FU Naval Research Program at the Naval Postgraduate School FX This project was partially funded by the Naval Research Program at the Naval Postgraduate School. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1996-1944 J9 MATERIALS JI Materials PD FEB PY 2016 VL 9 IS 2 AR 118 DI 10.3390/ma9020118 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DG1KY UT WOS:000371828100034 ER PT J AU Nepal, N Katzer, DS Meyer, DJ Downey, BP Wheeler, VD Storm, DF Hardy, MT AF Nepal, Neeraj Katzer, D. Scott Meyer, David J. Downey, Brian P. Wheeler, Virginia D. Storm, David F. Hardy, Matthew T. TI Characterization of molecular beam epitaxy grown beta-Nb2N films and AlN/beta-Nb2N heterojunctions on 6H-SiC substrates SO APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID PERMEABLE BASE TRANSISTOR; DEFORMATION POTENTIALS; ALN; GAN AB beta-Nb2N films and AlN/beta-Nb2N heterojunctions were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on 6H-SiC. The epitaxial nature and beta-Nb2N phase were determined by symmetric and asymmetric high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) measurements, and were confirmed by grazing incidence diffraction measurements using synchrotron photons. Measured lattice parameters and the in-plane stress of beta-Nb2N on 6H-SiC were c = 5.0194 angstrom, a = 3.0558 angstrom, and 0.2GPa, respectively. The HRXRD, transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy revealing epitaxial growth of AlN/beta-Nb2N heterojunctions have identical orientations with the substrate, abrupt interfaces, and bi-axial stress of 0.88GPa, respectively. The current finding opens up possibilities for the next generation of high-power devices that cannot be fabricated at present. (C) 2016 The Japan Society of Applied Physics C1 [Nepal, Neeraj] Sotera Def Solut, 2121 Cooperat Way,Suite 400, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. [Katzer, D. Scott; Meyer, David J.; Downey, Brian P.; Wheeler, Virginia D.; Storm, David F.] US Navy, Res Lab, Electromagnet Technol Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hardy, Matthew T.] CNR, Washington, DC 20001 USA. RP Nepal, N (reprint author), Sotera Def Solut, 2121 Cooperat Way,Suite 400, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. EM neeraj.nepal.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Office of Naval Research; National Research Council-Naval Research Laboratory postdoctoral fellowship programs FX This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (D. Green) and by the Office of Naval Research. The GID measurements were conducted at the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS). The authors would like to acknowledge S. Johnson for help plotting the GID data. M.T.H. would like to acknowledge the support of The National Research Council-Naval Research Laboratory postdoctoral fellowship programs. We gratefully acknowledge helpful discussions with our colleague S. B. Qadri. The views, opinions, and/or findings expressed are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official views or policies of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1882-0778 EI 1882-0786 J9 APPL PHYS EXPRESS JI Appl. Phys. Express PD FEB PY 2016 VL 9 IS 2 AR 021003 DI 10.7567/APEX.9.021003 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DF4DO UT WOS:000371297800003 ER PT J AU Chen, BF Elsberry, R Lee, CS AF Chen, Buo-Fu Elsberry, Russell L. Lee, Cheng-Shang TI Synoptic controls of outer mesoscale convective systems with high impact rainfall in western north pacific tropical cyclones SO ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Tropical cyclone rainfall; mesoscale convective systems; tropical cyclone environment control ID HURRICANES AB The generality of our conceptual model of Outer Mesoscale Convective System (OMCS) formation in western North Pacific Tropical Cyclones (TCs) that was based on a case study of Typhoon Fengshen (2008) is examined with a data base of 80 OMCSs during 1999-2009. Formations of 41 "Intersection type (Itype)" OMCSs are similar to our conceptual model in that the key feature is an elongated moisture band in the northerly TC circulation that interacts with the southwest monsoon flow. Two subtypes of these I-type OMCSs are defined based on different formation locations relative to the TC center, and relative to the monsoon flow, that lead to either outward or more cyclonic propagation of the OMCSs. Twenty-five "Upstream type (U-type)" OMCSs form in a similar moisture band, but upstream of the intersection of the outer TC circulation with the monsoon flow. Another 12 "Monsoon type (Mtype)" OMCSs are different from our conceptual model as the formation locations are within the monsoon flow south to the confluence region of TC northerly circulation with the monsoon flow. In all of these OMCSs, the monsoon flow is an important contributor to their climatology and synoptic environment. Expanded conceptual models of where the threat of heavy rainfall associated with the four types of OMCSs may be expected are provided based on different OMCS formation locations relative to the TC center and different propagation vectors in a storm-relative coordinate system. C1 [Chen, Buo-Fu; Lee, Cheng-Shang] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Elsberry, Russell L.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, 589 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Lee, Cheng-Shang] Natl Appl Res Labs, Taiwan Typhoon & Flood Res Inst, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Elsberry, R (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, 589 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM elsberry@nps.edu OI Lee, Cheng-Shang/0000-0003-4553-4172 FU National Taiwan University; Taiwan Typhoon Flood Research Institute of the National Applied Research Laboratories; National Science Council of the Republic of China (Taiwan) under grants of NSC [102-2625-M-002-018, 102-2917-I-002-107]; Marine Meteorology section, Office of Naval Research FX Buo-Fu Chen is supported by the National Taiwan University, and Professor Cheng-Shang Lee is supported by the National Taiwan University and the Taiwan Typhoon Flood Research Institute of the National Applied Research Laboratories. This research is supported by the National Science Council of the Republic of China (Taiwan) under grants of NSC 102-2625-M-002-018 and 102-2917-I-002-107. Professor Russell L. Elsberry is supported by the Marine Meteorology section, Office of Naval Research. Mrs. Penny Jones provided excellent assistance in the manuscript preparation. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU KOREAN METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA SHINKIL-DONG 508, SIWON BLDG 704, YONGDUNGPO-GU, SEOUL, 150-050, SOUTH KOREA SN 1976-7633 EI 1976-7951 J9 ASIA-PAC J ATMOS SCI JI Asia-Pac. J. Atmos. Sci. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 52 IS 1 BP 11 EP 23 DI 10.1007/s13143-015-0085-2 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DF7GZ UT WOS:000371527300002 ER PT J AU Dew, N Sarasvathy, SD AF Dew, Nicholas Sarasvathy, Saras D. TI Exaptation and niche construction: behavioral insights for an evolutionary theory SO INDUSTRIAL AND CORPORATE CHANGE LA English DT Article ID CONSUMER PREFERENCE FORMATION; PIONEERING ADVANTAGE; CHOICE; UNCERTAINTY; ECONOMICS; REASONS; LOGIC AB There is increasing interest in the study of exaptation as a key evolutionary force that generates novelty in economic systems. This article contributes to this growing literature by showing how entrepreneurial behavior may effectually construct new market niches enabled by exapted innovations. Put differently, new technologies-whatever their source-may not spontaneously create new market niches. Instead, exaptation and niche construction-two unconventional forces in evolutionary theorizing-challenge conventional conceptualizations of markets as independent selection mechanisms. C1 [Dew, Nicholas] Naval Postgrad Sch, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Sarasvathy, Saras D.] Univ Virginia, Darden Sch Business, POB 6550, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA. RP Dew, N (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ndew@nps.edu; sarasvathyS@darden.virginia.edu NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0960-6491 EI 1464-3650 J9 IND CORP CHANGE JI Ind. Corp. Change PD FEB PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 167 EP 179 DI 10.1093/icc/dtv051 PG 13 WC Business; Economics; Management SC Business & Economics GA DF2DU UT WOS:000371151300008 ER PT J AU Lafreniere, JP Rios, R Packer, H Ghazarian, S Wright, SM Levine, RB AF Lafreniere, Justin P. Rios, Rebeca Packer, Hillary Ghazarian, Sharon Wright, Scott M. Levine, Rachel B. TI Burned Out at the Bedside: Patient Perceptions of Physician Burnout in an Internal Medicine Resident Continuity Clinic SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE burnout; patient outcomes; enablement; empathy; graduate medical education ID EMPATHY CARE MEASURE; RELATIONAL EMPATHY; PRACTITIONER EMPATHY; ACUPUNCTURE PATIENTS; GENERAL-PRACTICE; CENTERED CARE; ENABLEMENT; CONSULTATION; QUALITY; PROFESSIONALISM AB BACKGROUND: Burnout is high among resident physicians and may be associated with suboptimal patient care and reduced empathy. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between patient perceptions of empathy and enablement and physician burnout in internal medicine residents. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, survey-based observational study between December 2012 and March 2013 in a resident continuity clinic located within a large urban academic primary care practice in Baltimore, Maryland. PARTICIPANTS: Study participants were 44 PGY1-3 residents and a convenience sample of their English-speaking adult primary care patients (N=244). MAIN MEASURES: Patients rated their resident physicians using the Consultation and Relational Empathy Measure (CARE) and the Patient Enablement Instrument (PEI). Residents completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). We tested for associations between resident burnout and patients' perceptions of resident empathy (CARE) and enablement (PEI) using multilevel regression analysis. KEY RESULTS: Multilevel regression analyses indicated significant positive associations between physician depersonalization scores on the MBI and patient ratings of empathy (B=0.28, SE=0.17, p<0.001) and enablement (B=0.11, SE=0.11, p=0.02). Emotional exhaustion scores on the MBI were not significantly related to either patient outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Patients perceived residents who reported higher levels of depersonalization as more empathic and enabling during their patient care encounters. The relationship between physician distress and patient perceptions of care has important implications for medical education and requires further study. C1 [Lafreniere, Justin P.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Lafreniere, Justin P.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Rios, Rebeca; Wright, Scott M.; Levine, Rachel B.] Johns Hopkins Bayview Med Ctr, Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Ghazarian, Sharon] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Pediat, Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Levine, RB (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bayview Med Ctr, Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Baltimore, MD USA. EM rlevine@jhmi.edu NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 31 IS 2 BP 203 EP 208 DI 10.1007/s11606-015-3503-3 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA DF2GQ UT WOS:000371161000016 PM 26340808 ER PT J AU McCutchan, PK Liu, X LeardMann, CA Smith, TC Boyko, EJ Gore, KL Freed, MC Engel, CC AF McCutchan, Phoebe K. Liu, Xian LeardMann, Cynthia A. Smith, Tyler C. Boyko, Edward J. Gore, Kristie L. Freed, Michael C. Engel, Charles C. TI Deployment, combat, and risk of multiple physical symptoms in the US military: a prospective cohort study SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Signs and symptoms; Military medicine; Military personnel; Veterans health; Cohort studies ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; PERSIAN-GULF-WAR; SOMATIC SYMPTOMS; MILLENNIUM COHORT; PRIMARY-CARE; CHRONIC PAIN; IRAQ WAR; SERVICE MEMBERS; HEALTH OUTCOMES AB Purpose: Multiple physical symptoms (MPS) have historically been observed after deployment to a combat zone and are often disabling in nature. This study examined longitudinal trends in MPS status and its relationship to deployment in U.S. military service members. Methods: Using longitudinal data from panel 1 participants in the Millennium Cohort Study (n = 76,924), MPS status was assessed at three time points (2001-2008) using the 15 -item Patient Health Questionnaire. Probability of reporting MPS was analyzed using mixed-effects multinomial logit regression, with time and deployment experience as main explanatory variables. Results: After adjustment for demographic, military, and health characteristics, service members who deployed with combat were significantly more likely to report MPS at each time point compared with those not deployed (odds ratio [OR] and 95% confidence interval [CI] for wave 1 =1.49 [1.47-1.52], wave 2 = 1.73 [1.69-1.78], wave 3 = 2.08 [2.03-2.12]), and those who deployed without combat (OR and CI for wave 1 = 2.66 [2.59-2.74], wave 2 = 1.81 [1.75-1.87]; wave 3 = 1.68 [1.63-1.74]). Conclusions: Longitudinal trends indicate that the probability of reporting MPS has increased consistently over time only for those deployed, regardless of combat experience. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [McCutchan, Phoebe K.; Liu, Xian; Freed, Michael C.] Def Ctr Excellence Psychol Hlth, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [McCutchan, Phoebe K.; Liu, Xian; Freed, Michael C.] Def Ctr Traumat Brain Injury, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [McCutchan, Phoebe K.; Liu, Xian; LeardMann, Cynthia A.] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. [Liu, Xian; Freed, Michael C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Study Traumat Stress, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [LeardMann, Cynthia A.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, San Diego, CA USA. [Smith, Tyler C.] Natl Univ, Sch Hlth & Human Serv, Dept Community Hlth, San Diego, CA USA. [Boyko, Edward J.] Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Gore, Kristie L.; Engel, Charles C.] RAND Corp, Behav & Policy Sci, Arlington, VA USA. [McCutchan, Phoebe K.] Amer Univ, Dept Psychol, 4400 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Freed, Michael C.] NIMH, Div Serv & Intervent Res, Serv Res & Clin Epidemiol Branch, 6001 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Engel, Charles C.] RAND Corp, Behav & Policy Sci, 20 Pk Plaza,Suite 920, Boston, MA 02116 USA. RP McCutchan, PK (reprint author), Amer Univ, Dept Psychol, 4400 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington, DC 20016 USA. EM phoebe.mccutchan@gmail.com FU Management Information Division, U.S. Defense Manpower Data Center (Seaside, CA); Military Operational Medicine Research Program; U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (Fort Detrick, MD); Military Operational Medicine Research Program of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland - Department of Defense [60002]; Deployment Health Clinical Center; VA Puget Sound Health Care System FX In addition to the authors, the Millennium Cohort Study team includes Richard Armenta, PhD, Lauren Bauer, MPH, Madeline Cross, James Davies, CPT Carrie Donoho, PhD, CDR Dennis Faix, MD, Lt Col Susan Farrish, MD, Toni Geronimo, Kathleen Gunn, William Lee, Hector Lemus, PhD, Gordon Lynch, Denise Lovec-Jenkins, David Luxton PhD, Danielle Mitchell, Kristin Motylinski, Anna Nagel, MPH, Chiping Nieh, PhD, Chris O'Malley, MPH, Serguey Parkhomovsky, Anet Petrosyan, Christopher Phillips, MD, MPH, Teresa Powell, MPH, Ben Porter, PhD, Rudy Rull, PhD, Kari Sausedo, MA, Beverly Sheppard, Steven Speigle, Evelyn Sun, MPH, Valerie Stander, PhD, Laura Tobin, MPH, Daniel Trone, PhD, Jennifer Walstrom, from the Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA. We thank Hector Lemus, PhD (Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA) for his contribution in providing statistical support and consultation for this study. In addition, we thank Michelle LeWark from the Naval Health Research Center (San Diego, CA) for her technical review and editing of this article. We appreciate the support from the Management Information Division, U.S. Defense Manpower Data Center (Seaside, CA); Military Operational Medicine Research Program and U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (Fort Detrick, MD).; The Millennium Cohort Study is funded through the Military Operational Medicine Research Program of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland (supported by the Department of Defense, under work unit no. 60002). The Deployment Health Clinical Center provided funding for P.K.M., X.L., K.L.G, and M.C.F.'s efforts in this project. VA Puget Sound Health Care System provided support for E.J.B's participation in this research. The funding organizations had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, analysis, or preparation of data; or preparation, review, or approval of the article. NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 EI 1873-2585 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 26 IS 2 BP 122 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.12.001 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DE8MG UT WOS:000370889500006 PM 26781443 ER PT J AU Mooney, BL Morrow, BH Van Nostrand, K Prak, DL Trulove, PC Morris, RE Schall, JD Harrison, JA Knippenberg, MT AF Mooney, Barbara L. Morrow, Brian H. Van Nostrand, Keith Prak, Dianne Luning Trulove, Paul C. Morris, Robert E. Schall, J. David Harrison, Judith A. Knippenberg, M. Todd TI Elucidating the Properties of Surrogate Fuel Mixtures Using Molecular Dynamics SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID HYDROTREATED RENEWABLE DIESEL; SURFACE-TENSION; BINARY-MIXTURES; BULK MODULUS; FLASH-POINT; N-HEXADECANE; FORCE-FIELD; 0.1 MPA; INITIAL CONFIGURATIONS; ORGANIC LIQUIDS AB The wide compositional differences between conventional and alternative fuels have resulted in much research aimed at determining which alternative fuels can be used, and in what proportions, in conventional engines. Atomic-scale modeling is uniquely positioned to lend insight into this question without extensive large-scale tests. The predictive power such modeling affords could narrow the phase space that must be examined experimentally. This study utilizes molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to predict the properties of a set of pure hydrocarbons, as well as binary and multicomponent surrogate fuel mixtures for alternative fuels created from these pure components. The accuracy and transferability of the modified Lennard-Jones adaptive intermolecular reactive empirical bond-order potential (mod-LJ AIREBO) [Liu, A.; Stuart, S. J. J. Comput. Chem. 2008, 29, 601-611] was assessed by calculating densities, heats of vaporization, and bulk moduli of pure hydrocarbons and the mixtures of these hydrocarbons, i.e., surrogate fuels. Calculated results were compared to experimentally determined values and to values obtained with the nonreactive, all-atom version of the optimized potential for liquid simulations (OPLS-AA) [Jorgensen, W. L.; Maxwell, D. S.; TiradoRives, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 11225-11236]. The mod-LJ AIREBO potential quantitatively predicts the densities of the pure hydrocarbons and binary mixtures of n-dodecane and 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane (isocetane). It is interesting to note, that despite doing an excellent job predicting the densities of the pure hydrocarbons, the performance of the mod-LJ AIREBO potential degrades when predicting the densities of the multicomponent surrogates and mixtures of n-hexadecane and isocetane, implying that it is not straightforward to extend potentials fit with pure compounds to mixtures. The OPLS-AA potential also has difficulty quantitatively predicting the densities of mixtures, although a new parameter set for long-chain hydrocarbons (L-OPLS) [Siu, S. W. I.; Pluhackova, K.; Bockmann, R. A. J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2012, 8, 1459-1470] yields some improvement for binary mixtures. Heat of vaporization predictions using both potentials also agree reasonably well with experiment. Bulk moduli predictions using the mod-LJ AIREBO potential are consistently higher than, and do not quantitatively agree with, the experimental values. In contrast, bulk moduli predictions using the OPLS-AA potential are generally in good agreement with experimental values. Despite the success of the OPLS-AA potential predicting the bulk moduli of individual hydrocarbons, it is unable to quantitatively predict the bulk moduli of the multicomponent surrogates. Interestingly, the use of the L-OPLS parameter set improves density predictions but not predicted bulk moduli values. C1 [Mooney, Barbara L.; Morrow, Brian H.; Prak, Dianne Luning; Trulove, Paul C.; Harrison, Judith A.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Knippenberg, M. Todd] High Point Univ, Dept Chem, High Point, NC 27262 USA. [Schall, J. David] Oakland Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. [Van Nostrand, Keith] Rochester Inst Technol, Sch Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Morris, Robert E.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Harrison, JA (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM jah@usna.edu OI Luning Prak, Dianne/0000-0002-5589-7287 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N0001414WX00681, N0001413WX20347, N0001415WX01853, N0001413WX20383, N0001413WX20382] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under contracts N0001414WX00681 and N0001413WX20347 (J.A.H., K.V.N.), N0001415WX01853 (B.H.M., J.A.H, P.C.T., D.L.P.), N0001413WX20383 (D.L.P., P.C.T.), and N0001413WX20382 (R.E.M.). NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD FEB PY 2016 VL 30 IS 2 BP 784 EP 795 DI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b01468 PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DE5NZ UT WOS:000370679000004 ER PT J AU Gibb, CA AF Gibb, Commander Arthur, III TI The U.S. Naval Institute on Naval Command. SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MARITIME HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Gibb, Commander Arthur, III] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Gibb, CA (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0843-8714 EI 2052-7756 J9 INT J MARIT HIST JI Int. J. Marit. Hist. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 28 IS 1 BP 200 EP 201 PG 3 WC History SC History GA DE6XE UT WOS:000370777300018 ER PT J AU Stier, AV McCreary, KM Jonker, BT Kono, J Crooker, SA AF Stier, Andreas V. McCreary, Kathleen M. Jonker, Berend T. Kono, Junichiro Crooker, Scott A. TI Exciton diamagnetic shifts and valley Zeeman effects in monolayer WS2 and MoS2 to 65 Tesla SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELDS; BINDING-ENERGY; WSE2; SEMICONDUCTOR; CRYSTALS; SPECTRA; LAYER; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; POLARIZATION AB In bulk and quantum-confined semiconductors, magneto-optical studies have historically played an essential role in determining the fundamental parameters of excitons (size, binding energy, spin, dimensionality and so on). Here we report low-temperature polarized reflection spectroscopy of atomically thin WS2 and MoS2 in high magnetic fields to 65 T. Both the A and B excitons exhibit similar Zeeman splittings of approximately -230 mu eV T-1 (g-factor similar or equal to -4), thereby quantifying the valley Zeeman effect in monolayer transition-metal disulphides. Crucially, these large fields also allow observation of the small quadratic diamagnetic shifts of both A and B excitons in monolayer WS2, from which radii of similar to 1.53 and similar to 1.16nm are calculated. Further, when analysed within a model of non-local dielectric screening, these diamagnetic shifts also constrain estimates of the A and B exciton binding energies (410 and 470 meV, respectively, using a reduced A exciton mass of 0.16 times the free electron mass). These results highlight the utility of high magnetic fields for understanding new two-dimensional materials. C1 [Stier, Andreas V.; Crooker, Scott A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [McCreary, Kathleen M.; Jonker, Berend T.] Naval Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kono, Junichiro] Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Kono, Junichiro] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Kono, Junichiro] Rice Univ, Dept Mat Sci & NanoEngn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Crooker, SA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM crooker@lanl.gov OI Stier, Andreas/0000-0002-5476-1919 FU National High Magnetic Field Laboratory [NSF DMR-1157490]; State of Florida; NRL Nanoscience Institute; AFOSR [AOARD 14IOA018-134141]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-14-1-0268] FX We thank K. Velizhanin and P. Hawrylak for helpful discussions. These optical studies were performed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, which is supported by NSF DMR-1157490 and the State of Florida. Work at NRL was supported by core programs and the NRL Nanoscience Institute, and by AFOSR under contract number AOARD 14IOA018-134141. J.K. was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Award Number FA9550-14-1-0268. NR 55 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 28 U2 77 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 7 AR 10643 DI 10.1038/ncomms10643 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DF0HU UT WOS:000371020600009 PM 26856412 ER PT J AU Tsyganov, D Bundaleska, N Tatarova, E Dias, A Henriques, J Rego, A Ferraria, A Abrashev, MV Dias, FM Luhrs, CC Phillips, J AF Tsyganov, D. Bundaleska, N. Tatarova, E. Dias, A. Henriques, J. Rego, A. Ferraria, A. Abrashev, M. V. Dias, F. M. Luhrs, C. C. Phillips, J. TI On the plasma-based growth of 'flowing' graphene sheets at atmospheric pressure conditions SO PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE microwave plasma; graphene; ethanol; carbon ID CARBON; HYDROGEN; STORAGE; PHASE; FILMS AB A theoretical and experimental study on atmospheric pressure microwave plasma-based assembly of free standing graphene sheets is presented. The synthesis method is based on introducing a carbon-containing precursor (C2H5OH) through a microwave (2.45 GHz) argon plasma environment, where decomposition of ethanol molecules takes place and carbon atoms and molecules are created and then converted into solid carbon nuclei in the 'colder' nucleation zones. A theoretical model previously developed has been further updated and refined to map the particle and thermal fluxes in the plasma reactor. Considering the nucleation process as a delicate interplay between thermodynamic and kinetic factors, the model is based on a set of non-linear differential equations describing plasma thermodynamics and chemical kinetics. The model predictions were validated by experimental results. Optical emission spectroscopy was applied to detect the plasma emission related to carbon species from the 'hot' plasma zone. Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques have been applied to analyze the synthesized nanostructures. The microstructural features of the solid carbon nuclei collected from the colder zones of plasma reactor vary according to their location. A part of the solid carbon was deposited on the discharge tube wall. The solid assembled from the main stream, which was gradually withdrawn from the hot plasma region in the outlet plasma stream directed to a filter, was composed by 'flowing' graphene sheets. The influence of additional hydrogen, Ar flow rate and microwave power on the concentration of obtained stable species and carbon-dicarbon was evaluated. The ratio of sp(3)/sp(2) carbons in graphene sheets is presented. A correlation between changes in C-2 and C number densities and sp(3)/sp(2) ratio was found. C1 [Tsyganov, D.; Tatarova, E.; Dias, A.; Henriques, J.; Dias, F. M.] Univ Lisbon, Inst Super Tecn, Inst Plasmas & Fusao Nucl, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. [Rego, A.; Ferraria, A.] Univ Lisbon, Inst Super Tecn, Ctr Quim Fis Mol & IN, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. [Abrashev, M. V.] Univ Sofia, Fac Phys, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria. [Luhrs, C. C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Phillips, J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Bundaleska, N.] Univ Lisbon, Inst Super Tecn, Inst Plasmas & Fusao Nucl, P-049001 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Tatarova, E (reprint author), Univ Lisbon, Inst Super Tecn, Inst Plasmas & Fusao Nucl, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. EM e.tatarova@ist.utl.pt RI Henriques, Julio/K-6576-2015; Abrashev, Miroslav/B-4273-2008; OI Henriques, Julio/0000-0002-0395-1835; Abrashev, Miroslav/0000-0002-2571-7863; Dias, Francisco/0000-0002-4175-1973; Tatarova, Elena/0000-0002-9444-0159 FU Portuguese FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [UID/FIS/50010/2013, INCENTIVO/FIS/LA0010/2014, SFRH/BD/52413/2013] FX This work was funded by Portuguese FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, under Project UID/FIS/50010/2013, Project INCENTIVO/FIS/LA0010/2014, and grant SFRH/BD/52413/2013 (PD-F APPLAuSE). NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 17 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0963-0252 EI 1361-6595 J9 PLASMA SOURCES SCI T JI Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 AR 015013 DI 10.1088/0963-0252/25/1/015013 PG 22 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DE9RD UT WOS:000370974800020 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Albert, A Atwood, WB Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Bloom, ED Bonino, R Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Bruel, P Buehler, R Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caragiulo, M Caraveo, PA Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Cohen-Tanugi, J Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Desiante, R Digel, SW Drell, PS Favuzzi, C Ferrara, EC Focke, WB Franckowiak, A Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Giglietto, N Giordano, F Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Harding, AK Hill, AB Horan, D Johannesson, G Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Larsson, S Latronico, L Li, J Li, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lubrano, P Maldera, S Martin, P Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN Michelson, PF Mizuno, T Monzani, ME Morselli, A Murgia, S Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Orienti, M Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Romani, RW Sanchez-Conde, M Schulz, A Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Spada, F Spandre, G Spinelli, P Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Thayer, JB Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Vianello, G Wood, M Zimmer, S AF Ackermann, M. Albert, A. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Bloom, E. D. Bonino, R. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caragiulo, M. Caraveo, P. A. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Desiante, R. Digel, S. W. Drell, P. S. Favuzzi, C. Ferrara, E. C. Focke, W. B. Franckowiak, A. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Harding, A. K. Hill, A. B. Horan, D. Johannesson, G. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Li, J. Li, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lubrano, P. Maldera, S. Martin, P. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. Michelson, P. F. Mizuno, T. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Murgia, S. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Romani, R. W. Sanchez-Conde, M. Schulz, A. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Spada, F. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Thayer, J. B. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Vianello, G. Wood, M. Zimmer, S. TI Deep view of the Large Magellanic Cloud with six years of Fermi-LAT observations SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: galaxies; Magellanic Clouds; cosmic rays ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; SUPERNOVA REMNANT; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; MAGNETIC-FIELD; SOURCE CATALOG; COSMIC-RAYS; NGC 253; PULSAR AB Context. The nearby Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) provides a rare opportunity of a spatially resolved view of an external star-forming galaxy in gamma-rays. The LMC was detected at 0.1-100 GeV as an extended source with CGRO/EGRET and using early observations with the Fermi-LAT. The emission was found to correlate with massive star-forming regions and to be particularly bright towards 30 Doradus. Aims. Studies of the origin and transport of cosmic rays (CRs) in the Milky Way are frequently hampered by line-of-sight confusion and poor distance determination. The LMC offers a complementary way to address these questions by revealing whether and how the gamma-ray emission is connected to specific objects, populations of objects, and structures in the galaxy. Methods. We revisited the gamma-ray emission from the LMC using about 73 months of Fermi-LAT P7REP data in the 0.2-100 GeV range. We developed a complete spatial and spectral model of the LMC emission, for which we tested several approaches: a simple geometrical description, template-fitting, and a physically driven model for CR-induced interstellar emission. Results. In addition to identifying PSR J0540-6919 through its pulsations, we find two hard sources positionally coincident with plerion N 157B and supernova remnant N 132D, which were also detected at TeV energies with H.E.S.S. We detect an additional soft source that is currently unidentified. Extended emission dominates the total flux from the LMC. It consists of an extended component of about the size of the galaxy and additional emission from three to four regions with degree-scale sizes. If it is interpreted as CRs interacting with interstellar gas, the large-scale emission implies a large-scale population of similar to 1-100 GeV CRs with a density of similar to 30% of the local Galactic value. On top of that, the three to four small-scale emission regions would correspond to enhancements of the CR density by factors 2 to 6 or higher, possibly more energetic and younger populations of CRs compared to the large-scale population. An alternative explanation is that this is emission from an unresolved population of at least two dozen objects, such as pulsars and their nebulae or supernova remnants. This small-scale extended emission has a spatial distribution that does not clearly correlate with known components of the LMC, except for a possible relation to cavities and supergiant shells. Conclusions. The Fermi-LAT GeV observations allowed us to detect individual sources in the LMC. Three of the newly discovered sources are associated with rare and extreme objects. The 30 Doradus region is prominent in GeV gamma-rays because PSR J0540-6919 and N 157B are strong emitters. The extended emission from the galaxy has an unexpected spatial distribution, and observations at higher energies and in radio may help to clarify its origin. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.; Schulz, A.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Albert, A.; Baldini, L.; Bloom, E. D.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Digel, S. W.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Albert, A.; Baldini, L.; Bloom, E. D.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Digel, S. W.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Grenier, I. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA IRFU, Lab AIM, CNRS,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Chiaro, G.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bellazzini, R.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spada, F.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Caragiulo, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Desiante, R.; Latronico, L.; Maldera, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bonino, R.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Ferrara, E. C.; Guiriec, S.; Harding, A. K.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, F-34059 Montpellier, France. [Bruel, P.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Chekhtman, A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Rome, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.; Orienti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Grondin, M. -H.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux 1, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Guillemot, L.] Univ Orleans, Lab Phys & Chim Environm & Espace, CNRS, F-45071 Orleans 02, France. [Guillemot, L.] CNRS INSU, Stn Radioastron Nancay, Observ Paris, F-18330 Nancay, France. [Guiriec, S.] NASA, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Hill, A. B.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, Dunhaga 3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Knoedlseder, J.; Martin, P.] IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.; Martin, P.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] AlbaNova, Dept Phys, KTH Royal Inst Technol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Zimmer, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Space Sci IEEC CSIC, Campus UAB, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Murgia, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Cosmol, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Sanchez-Conde, M.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Martin, P (reprint author), IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France.; Martin, P (reprint author), Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France. EM pierrick.martin@irap.imp.edu RI Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Hill, Adam/0000-0003-3470-4834; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; Mazziotta, Mario Nicola/0000-0001-9325-4672 FU Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) [FIRB-2012-RBFR12PM1F] FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. M. Razzano was funded by contract FIRB-2012-RBFR12PM1F from the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR). NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 9 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 586 AR A71 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201526920 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DD1XG UT WOS:000369715900082 ER PT J AU Isert, S Connell, TL Risha, GA Hedman, TD Lucht, RP Yetter, RA Son, SF AF Isert, Sarah Connell, Terry L. Risha, Grant A. Hedman, Trevor D. Lucht, Robert P. Yetter, Richard A. Son, Steven F. TI Near-surface flame structure characterization of simplified ammonium perchlorate/hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene compositions SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Ammonium perchlorate; Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene; Planar laser-induced fluorescence; Burning rate; Flame structure; Composite propellant ID DIFFUSION FLAME; BURNING RATE; POLYMER SANDWICHES; PROPELLANT; COMBUSTION; BINDER; DEFLAGRATION; PRESSURES; MODELS; PLIF AB Simplified model propellant configurations, such as monomodal propellants, can be valuable in the development and validation of predictive numerical tools. These idealized experiments also yield insight into the effect of diffusion length scales on combustion, but comprehensive data covering a large range of diffusional length scales do not currently exist. Here, monomodal propellants with ammonium perchlorate (AP) particle sizes under 800 mu m and AP pellets ported and filled with hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) were used to systematically study the effect of diffusion length scales, or AP equivalent particle sizes) of up to 4.1 mm on flame structure. In general, burning rates increased with pressure and decreasing particle size, as expected. Burning rates for samples with particle sizes greater than 400 mu m converged with AP monopropellant burning rate data above approximately 2 MPa, the AP low-pressure deflagration limit (LPDL). For a given pressure above the LPDL, burning rates eventually became constant for both increasing and decreasing particle sizes. Conversely, for a given pressure below the LPDL burning rate was shown to be a function of particle diameter. Flame structures above the composite propellants were observed using 5 kHz OH planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF). The transient flames were underventilated (jet-like) over the AP particles at 1 atm while lifted, inverted, and overventilated at 5 atm. Distinct diffusion flame structures were observed visually above the ported samples at 1 atm. Very luminous flames were observed at the interface between the AP and binder. The effect of strain rate on sample combustion was examined using an opposed flow burner; at 1 atm, sample burning rate was not affected by strain rate. At the largest strain rate, the sample self extinguished after igniter shutoff, indicating that secondary diffusion flames are important in the opposed flow configuration. (C) 2015 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Isert, Sarah; Lucht, Robert P.; Son, Steven F.] Purdue Univ, Maurice J Zucrow Labs, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. [Connell, Terry L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16870 USA. [Risha, Grant A.; Yetter, Richard A.] Penn State Univ, Altoona Coll, Div Business & Engn, Altoona, PA 16601 USA. [Hedman, Trevor D.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Isert, S (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Maurice J Zucrow Labs, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. EM sarah.isert@gmail.com FU NSF GRFP [1147384]; AFOSR MURI [FA9550-13-1-0004] FX This research was conducted with funding through NSF GRFP grant no. 1147384 and through AFOSR MURI contract #FA9550-13-1-0004 with Mitat Birkan as Program Manager. The authors thank Greg Young of NSWC-Indian Head for providing pressed AP strands and B.D. Terry, S.W. Hester, J.I. Boone, and A.W. McBain for their experimental and other assistance. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD FEB PY 2016 VL 164 BP 201 EP 211 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2015.11.017 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DE2MK UT WOS:000370461200016 ER PT J AU Yan, JB Gogineni, S Camps-Raga, B Brozena, J AF Yan, Jie-Bang Gogineni, Sivaprasad Camps-Raga, Bruno Brozena, John TI A Dual-Polarized 2-18-GHz Vivaldi Array for Airborne Radar Measurements of Snow SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE Airborne radar; phased array; snow backscattering; ultrawideband array; Vivaldi ID WIDE-BAND AB This communication presents the experimental results of a ultrawideband 2-18-GHz dual-polarized Vivaldi antenna array for airborne radar measurements of snow. The antenna design is based on the previously reported all-metal flared-notch array by Kindt and Pickles for operation over the frequency range 0.7-9 GHz. An antenna array prototype consisting of 8 x 8 active dual-polarized elements was fabricated with precise aluminum machining and tested in the anechoic chamber. Beamsteering upto 30 degrees was experimental demonstrated from 2 to 18 GHz. The measurement results are in a good agreement with the full-wave simulation results in both polarization configurations. Preliminary sample results from data collected using the Vivaldi array are also presented. The antenna array enables full polarimetric measurements of snow-over-sea-ice for estimating the snow-water-equivalent (SWE), as well as fine-resolution mapping of snow-air and snow-ice interfaces for estimating thickness. C1 [Yan, Jie-Bang; Gogineni, Sivaprasad; Camps-Raga, Bruno] Univ Kansas, Ctr Remote Sensing Ice Sheets CReSIS, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Brozena, John] Naval Res Lab, Marine Phys Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yan, JB (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Ctr Remote Sensing Ice Sheets CReSIS, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. EM syan@ku.edu FU Naval Research Laboratory [N00173-13-C-2032] FX This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory under contract N00173-13-C-2032. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 17 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-926X EI 1558-2221 J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 64 IS 2 BP 781 EP U544 DI 10.1109/TAP.2015.2506734 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA DE6SG UT WOS:000370763300041 ER PT J AU Whitener, KE Lee, WK Bassim, ND Stroud, RM Robinson, JT Sheehan, PE AF Whitener, Keith E., Jr. Lee, Woo-Kyung Bassim, Nabil D. Stroud, Rhonda M. Robinson, Jeremy T. Sheehan, Paul E. TI Transfer of Chemically Modified Graphene with Retention of Functionality for Surface Engineering SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Surface functionalization; Birch reduction; magnetic graphene; functionality transfer ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; HYDROGENATED GRAPHENE; EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; LARGE-AREA; FILMS; REACTIVITY; GRAPHITE; DEFECTS; FORCE AB Single-layer graphene chemically reduced by the Birch process delaminates from a Si/SiOx substrate when exposed to an ethanol/water mixture, enabling transfer of chemically functionalized graphene to arbitrary substrates such as metals, dielectrics, and polymers. Unlike in previous reports, the graphene retains hydrogen, methyl, and aryl functional groups during the transfer process. This enables one to functionalize the receiving substrate with the properties of the chemically modified graphene (CMG). For instance, magnetic force microscopy shows that the previously reported magnetic properties of partially hydrogenated graphene remain after transfer. We also transfer hydrogenated graphene from its copper growth substrate to a Si/SiOx wafer and thermally dehydrogenate it to demonstrate a polymer- and etchant-free graphene transfer for potential use in transmission electron microscopy. Finally, we show that the Birch reduction facilitates delamination of CMG by weakening van der Waals forces between graphene and its substrate. C1 [Whitener, Keith E., Jr.; Lee, Woo-Kyung; Sheehan, Paul E.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bassim, Nabil D.; Stroud, Rhonda M.] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Robinson, Jeremy T.] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Whitener, KE (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM keith.whitener@nrl.navy.mil RI Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010; Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008 OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124; Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015 FU Naval Research Laboratory Karle Fellowship; NRL base programs; DARPA [MIPR HR0011512805] FX This work was supported by DARPA (MIPR HR0011512805), the Naval Research Laboratory Karle Fellowship, and NRL base programs. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 23 U2 59 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 16 IS 2 BP 1455 EP 1461 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b05073 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DD8ZK UT WOS:000370215200094 PM 26784372 ER PT J AU Mavropoulou, AM Mantziafou, A Jarosz, E Sofianos, S AF Mavropoulou, Apostolia-Maria Mantziafou, Anneta Jarosz, Ewa Sofianos, Sarantis TI The influence of Black Sea Water inflow and its synoptic time-scale variability in the North Aegean Sea hydrodynamics SO OCEAN DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE North Aegean; Black Sea Water; Observed data; Numerical modeling; Ocean circulation ID DARDANELLES STRAIT; MEDITERRANEAN-SEA; MARMARA SEA; CIRCULATION; MODEL; SIMULATIONS; EXCHANGE; BUDGET AB The exchange water fluxes between the Black Sea and the North Aegean Sea through the Dardanelles Strait constitute an essential factor for the general circulation of the region. The Black Sea Water (BSW) inflow to the Aegean plays an important role in the hydrography and circulation of the basin and can affect the North Aegean deep water formation processes. Numerical experiments evaluating the influence of the time-scale variability (synoptic and seasonal) and the seasonality (period of maximum/minimum) of the Black Sea Water inflow on the dynamics of the North Aegean basin were performed. The experiments were carried out for the period from August 2008 to October 2009, using observed upper and lower-layer fluxes from the Dardanelles Strait, high-resolution atmospheric forcing, and boundary conditions derived from an operational system (ALERMO). The large-scale spatial patterns of the circulation and the seasonal variability of the North Aegean circulation show that dynamics of the basin can effectively absorb most of the Black Sea Water inflow variability. The overall cyclonic circulation of the North Aegean Sea and the predominant cyclonic and anti-cyclonic features are robust and are little affected by the different lateral fluxes. However, differences in the seasonality of the BSW inflow have an important impact in the North Aegean water column structure, while the synoptic variability observed in the Black Sea Water inflow affects the kinetic energy of the basin and the pathway of the Black Sea Water plume. C1 [Mavropoulou, Apostolia-Maria; Mantziafou, Anneta; Sofianos, Sarantis] Univ Athens, Div Environm Phys, Athens, Greece. [Jarosz, Ewa] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Mavropoulou, AM (reprint author), Univ Athens, Div Environm Phys, Athens, Greece. EM mmavro@oc.phys.uoa.gr NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1616-7341 EI 1616-7228 J9 OCEAN DYNAM JI Ocean Dyn. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 66 IS 2 BP 195 EP 206 DI 10.1007/s10236-016-0923-5 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DD8FO UT WOS:000370161100005 ER PT J AU Preston, DN Brown, GW Sandstrom, MM Pollard, CJ Warner, KF Remmers, DL Phillips, JJ Shelley, TJ Reyes, JA Hsu, PC Reynolds, JG AF Preston, Daniel N. Brown, Geoffrey W. Sandstrom, Mary M. Pollard, Colin J. Warner, Kirstin F. Remmers, Daniel L. Phillips, Jason J. Shelley, Timothy J. Reyes, Jose A. Hsu, Peter C. Reynolds, John G. TI Small-Scale Safety Testing of Ammonium Nitrate and Mixtures SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE Safety testing; Ammonium nitrate; Gunpowder; Impact sensitivity; Ammonium nitrate mixtures AB Ammonium nitrate (AN), gunpowder (GP), and an ammonium nitrate gunpowder mixture (AN/GP) were studied for impact sensitivity by four laboratories using the drop hammer apparatus. Bruceton and Neyer methods were used as experimental protocols and for data reduction. The results are presented as 50% probability of reaction (DH50). For AN, the DH50 values are widely varied among the participants, from sensitive to completely insensitive (limit of the equipment), with no real correlation among results. GP and the AN/GP mixture exhibited much more sensitivity overall and were in some cases within statistical values extrapolated from previous studies of RDX. The variability in results for the AN data is attributed to the difficulty in determining a positive reaction event for AN, as detailed by Neyer experiments and photography during positive reactions. Variability in results for the GP and AN/GP mixtures is attributed to equipment environment and detection criteria. This work was performed by the Integrated Data Collection Analysis (IDCA) program, a multi-laboratory effort to standardize safety testing of improvised or homemade explosives funded by the Department of Homeland Security. C1 [Preston, Daniel N.; Brown, Geoffrey W.; Sandstrom, Mary M.; Pollard, Colin J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Warner, Kirstin F.; Remmers, Daniel L.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD USA. [Phillips, Jason J.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Shelley, Timothy J.] Bur Alcohol Tobacco Firearms & Explos, Redstone Arsenal, AL USA. [Reyes, Jose A.] Appl Res Associates AFRL, Tyndall AFB, FL USA. [Hsu, Peter C.; Reynolds, John G.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Reynolds, JG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. EM reynolds3@llnl.gov FU Los Alamos National Laboratory; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Sandia National Laboratories; Air Force Research Laboratory; Indian Head Division; Naval Surface Warfare under of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate, Explosives Division; Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Air Force Research Laboratory and Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare [HSHQDC10X00414. LLNL-JRNL-669221 (791018)] FX The authors thank Doug Bauer, Laura J. Parker and Greg Struba for their enthusiastic support. This work was performed by the Integrated Data Collection Analysis (IDCA) Program, a five-lab effort supported by Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, the Air Force Research Laboratory, and Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare under sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate, Explosives Division. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The Air Force Research Laboratory and Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare also performed work in support of this effort under contract HSHQDC10X00414. LLNL-JRNL-669221 (791018). NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 8 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 EI 1521-4087 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 41 IS 1 BP 9 EP 13 DI 10.1002/prep.201500124 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA DE0RZ UT WOS:000370333300002 ER PT J AU Sandstrom, MM Brown, GW Warner, KF Sorensen, DN Phillips, JJ Shelley, TJ Reyes, JA Hsu, PC Reynolds, JG AF Sandstrom, Mary M. Brown, Geoffrey W. Warner, Kirstin F. Sorensen, Daniel N. Phillips, Jason J. Shelley, Timothy J. Reyes, Jose A. Hsu, Peter C. Reynolds, John G. TI Small-Scale Thermal Studies of Volatile Homemade Explosives SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE Small-scale safety testing; Thermal screening; Differential scanning calorimetry; Homemade explosives; HME; Round-robin test; Proficiency test ID AMMONIUM-NITRATE; POTASSIUM PERCHLORATE; STABILITY; DSC AB Several homemade or improvised explosive mixtures that either contained volatile components or produced volatile products were examined using standard small-scale safety and thermal (SSST) testing that employed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques (constant heating rate and standard sample holders). KClO3 and KClO4 mixtures with dodecane exhibited different enthalpy behavior when using a vented sample holder in contrast to a sealed sample holder. The standard configuration produced profiles that exhibited only endothermic transitions. The sealed system produced profiles that exhibited additional exothermic transitions absent in the standard configuration produced profiles. When H2O2/fuel mixtures were examined, the volatilization of the peroxide (endothermic) dominated the profiles. When a sealed sample holder was used, the energetic releases of the mixture could be clearly observed. For AN and AN mixtures, the high temperature decomposition appears as an intense endothermic event. Using a nominally sealed sample holder also did not adequately contain the system. Only when a high-pressure rated sample holder was used the high temperature decomposition of the AN could be detected as an exothermic release. The testing was conducted during a proficiency (or round-robin type) test that included three U.S. Department of Energy and two U.S. Department of Defense laboratories. In the course of this proficiency test, certain HMEs exhibited thermal behavior that was not adequately accounted for by standard techniques. Further examination of this atypical behavior highlighted issues that may have not been recognized previously because some of these materials are not routinely tested. More importantly, if not recognized, the SSST testing results could lead to inaccurate safety assessments. This study provides examples, where standard techniques can be applied, and results can be obtained, but these results may be misleading in establishing thermal properties. C1 [Sandstrom, Mary M.; Brown, Geoffrey W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Warner, Kirstin F.; Sorensen, Daniel N.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD USA. [Phillips, Jason J.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Shelley, Timothy J.] Bur Alcohol Tobacco Firearms & Explos, Redstone Arsenal, AL USA. [Reyes, Jose A.] Appl Res Associates, Tyndall AFB, FL USA. [Hsu, Peter C.; Reynolds, John G.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Reynolds, JG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. EM reynolds3@llnl.gov FU Los Alamos National Laboratory; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Sandia National Laboratories; Air Force Research Laboratory; Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare under sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate, Explosives Division; Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Air Force Research Laboratory and Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare [HSHQDC10X00414. LLNL-JRNL-669352 (791244)] FX The authors thank Doug Bauer, Laura J. Parker, and Greg Struba for their enthusiastic support. This work was performed by the Integrated Data Collection Analysis (IDCA) Program, a five-lab effort supported by Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, the Air Force Research Laboratory, and Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare under sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate, Explosives Division. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The Air Force Research Laboratory and Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare also performed work in support of this effort under contract HSHQDC10X00414. LLNL-JRNL-669352 (791244). NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 EI 1521-4087 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 41 IS 1 BP 14 EP 19 DI 10.1002/prep.201500210 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA DE0RZ UT WOS:000370333300003 ER PT J AU Simeonov, JA AF Simeonov, Julian A. TI The unsteady hydrodynamic force during the collision of two spheres in a viscous fluid SO ACTA MECHANICA LA English DT Article ID DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; PARTICLE-WALL COLLISIONS; SLOW MOTION; ELASTOHYDRODYNAMIC COLLISION; PLANE SURFACE; CONTACT; FLOW; LUBRICATION; DYNAMICS; LIQUID AB The time-dependent Stokes equations were solved in the vicinity of two spheres colliding in a viscous fluid with viscosity nu to determine the rate of change of the hydrodynamic forces during large accelerations associated with Hertzian mechanical contact of small duration . It was assumed that the gap clearance remains finite during contact and is approximately equal to the height sigma of surface micro-asperities. The initial condition corresponds to the steady-state axisymmetric solution of Cooley and O'Neill (Mathematika 16:37-49, 1969), and the initial value problem for the time-dependent Stokes streamfunction was solved using Laplace transform methods. Assuming that sigma is small compared to the sphere radius a, we used singular perturbation expansions and tangent-sphere coordinates to obtain an asymptotic solution for the viscous flow in the gap and around the moving sphere. The solution provides the dependence of the resistance, added mass and history forces on sigma, the sphere velocity and acceleration, and the ratio of the sphere diameters. We found that the relative importance of viscous and mechanical forces during contact depends on a new Stokes number . Integration of Newton's equation for the motion of the sphere during mechanical contact showed that there is a critical for which there is no rebound at the end of contact. C1 [Simeonov, Julian A.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Simeonov, JA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM julian.simeonov@nrlssc.navy.mil OI Simeonov, Julian/0000-0002-7554-071X FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through base funding to the Naval Research Laboratory. I would like to thank my colleague Pedro Jordan and the reviewer for their helpful comments. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 10 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0001-5970 EI 1619-6937 J9 ACTA MECH JI Acta Mech. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 227 IS 2 BP 565 EP 580 DI 10.1007/s00707-015-1465-5 PG 16 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA DD5VV UT WOS:000369993700016 ER PT J AU Gentry, SE Chow, EKH Dzebisashvili, N Schnitzler, MA Lentine, KL Wickliffe, CE Shteyn, E Pyke, J Israni, A Kasiske, B Segev, DL Axelrod, DA AF Gentry, S. E. Chow, E. K. H. Dzebisashvili, N. Schnitzler, M. A. Lentine, K. L. Wickliffe, C. E. Shteyn, E. Pyke, J. Israni, A. Kasiske, B. Segev, D. L. Axelrod, D. A. TI The Impact of Redistricting Proposals on Health Care Expenditures for Liver Transplant Candidates and Recipients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE health services and outcomes research; ethics and public policy; liver transplantation; hepatology; organ procurement and allocation; business; management; economics; liver disease; organ allocation; United Network for Organ; Sharing (UNOS) ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; ECONOMIC-IMPACT; DISEASE; COSTS; DONOR; MODEL; ALLOGRAFTS; OUTCOMES; SECTOR; REFORM AB Redistricting, which means sharing organs in novel districts developed through mathematical optimization, has been proposed to reduce pervasive geographic disparities in access to liver transplantation. The economic impact of redistricting was evaluated with two distinct data sources, Medicare claims and the University HealthSystem Consortium (UHC). We estimated total Medicare payments under (i) the current allocation system (Share 35), (ii) full regional sharing, (iii) an eight-district plan, and (iv) a four-district plan for a simulated population of patients listed for liver transplant over 5 years, using the liver simulated allocation model. The model predicted 5-year transplant volumes (Share 35, 29267; regional sharing, 29005; eight districts, 29034; four districts, 28265) and a reduction in overall mortality, including listed and posttransplant patients, of up to 676 lives. Compared with current allocation, the eight-district plan was estimated to reduce payments for pretransplant care ($1638million to $1506million, p<0.001), transplant episode ($5607million to $5569million, p<0.03) and posttransplant care ($479million to $488million, p<0.001). The eight-district plan was estimated to increase per-patient transportation costs for organs ($8988 to $11874 per patient, p<0.001) and UHC estimated hospital costs ($4699 per case). In summary, redistricting appears to be potentially cost saving for the health care system but will increase the cost of performing liver transplants for some transplant centers. C1 [Gentry, S. E.; Chow, E. K. H.; Wickliffe, C. E.; Segev, D. L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Gentry, S. E.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Baltimore, MD USA. [Gentry, S. E.; Shteyn, E.; Pyke, J.; Israni, A.; Kasiske, B.; Segev, D. L.] Minneapolis Med Res Fdn Inc, Sci Registry Transplant Recipients, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Dzebisashvili, N.; Schnitzler, M. A.; Lentine, K. L.] St Louis Univ, Ctr Outcomes Res, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Dzebisashvili, N.; Axelrod, D. A.] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. [Israni, A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Israni, A.; Kasiske, B.] Univ Minnesota, Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. RP Axelrod, DA (reprint author), Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. EM David.axelrod@hitchcock.org FU U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, Division of Transplantation [HHSH250201000018C]; American Recovery and Reinvestment Act grant from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [RC1 1RC1DK086450-01] FX The study was approved by the Dartmouth College Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects, the data oversight committee of the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) and the Health Resources and Services Administration. This work was supported by a contract from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, Division of Transplantation (HHSH250201000018C). The work was also supported by an American Recovery and Reinvestment Act grant from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (RC1 1RC1DK086450-01). The data reported were supplied by the Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, as the contractor for the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR). The SRTR data system includes data on all donors, waitlisted candidates and transplant recipients in the United States, submitted by the members of OPTN. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 16 IS 2 BP 583 EP 593 DI 10.1111/ajt.13569 PG 11 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA DD3WL UT WOS:000369853900024 PM 26779694 ER PT J AU Hirose, R Gentry, SE Mulligan, DC AF Hirose, R. Gentry, S. E. Mulligan, D. C. TI Increasing the Number of Organs Available to Transplant Is Separate From Ensuring Equitable Distribution of Available Organs: Both Are Important Goals SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE ethics and public policy; liver transplantation; hepatology; organ allocation; United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) C1 [Hirose, R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA USA. [Gentry, S. E.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Mulligan, D. C.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. RP Hirose, R (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA USA. EM Ryutaro.hirose@ucsf.edu NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 16 IS 2 BP 728 EP + DI 10.1111/ajt.13577 PG 2 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA DD3WL UT WOS:000369853900043 PM 26757240 ER PT J AU Bhattacharyya, B Cooper, S Malenta, M Roy, J Chengalur, J Keith, M Kudale, S McLaughlin, M Ransom, SM Ray, PS Stappers, BW AF Bhattacharyya, B. Cooper, S. Malenta, M. Roy, J. Chengalur, J. Keith, M. Kudale, S. McLaughlin, M. Ransom, S. M. Ray, P. S. Stappers, B. W. TI THE GMRT HIGH RESOLUTION SOUTHERN SKY SURVEY FOR PULSARS AND TRANSIENTS. I. SURVEY DESCRIPTION AND INITIAL DISCOVERIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pulsars: general; surveys ID FAST RADIO-BURSTS; MILLISECOND PULSAR; COSMOLOGICAL DISTANCES; 1ST DISCOVERIES; NEUTRON-STARS; POPULATION; PHYSICS; SEARCH; SPARKS; SYSTEM AB We are conducting a survey for pulsars and transients using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT). The GMRT High Resolution Southern Sky (GHRSS) survey is an off-Galactic plane (vertical bar b vertical bar > 5) survey in the declination range 40 degrees to 54 degrees at 322 MHz. With the high time (up to 30.72 mu s) and frequency (up to 0.016275 MHz) resolution observing modes, the 5 sigma detection limit is 0.5 mJy for a 2 ms pulsar with a 10% duty cycle at 322 MHz. The total GHRSS sky coverage of 2866 deg(2). will result from 1953 pointings, each covering 1.8 deg(2). The 10 sigma detection limit for a 5 ms transient burst is 1.6 Jy for the GHRSS survey. In addition, the GHRSS survey can reveal transient events like rotating radio transients or fast radio bursts. With 35% of the survey completed (i.e., 1000 deg(2)), we report the discovery of 10 pulsars, 1 of which is a millisecond pulsar (MSP), which is among the highest pulsar per square degree discovery rates for any off-Galactic plane survey. We re-detected 23 known in-beam pulsars. Utilizing the imaging capability of the GMRT, we also localized four of the GHRSS pulsars (including the MSP) in the gated image plane within. +/- 10 ''. We demonstrated rapid convergence in pulsar timing with a more precise position than is possible with single-dish discoveries. We also show that we can localize the brightest transient sources with simultaneously obtained lower time resolution imaging data, demonstrating a technique that may have application in the Square Kilometre Array. C1 [Bhattacharyya, B.; Cooper, S.; Malenta, M.; Roy, J.; Keith, M.; Stappers, B. W.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Roy, J.; Chengalur, J.; Kudale, S.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. [McLaughlin, M.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Ransom, S. M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Ray, P. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bhattacharyya, B (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 FU European Union [PIIF-GA-2013-626533]; Chief of Naval Research (CNR). FX B. Bhattacharyya acknowledges the support of the Marie Curie grant PIIF-GA-2013-626533 of the European Union. P. Ray's contributions to this work were supported by the Chief of Naval Research (CNR). We thank the reviewer of our paper for a detailed review that improved the paper significantly. We thank A. Holloway and R. Dickson for making the Hydrus computing cluster at the University of Manchester available for this survey analysis. We also thank them for. helping to set. up the GPU cluster. We also acknowledge the generous support of V. Venkatasubramani, S. J. Bhachal, and A. Meghe at the NCRA in keeping the IBM cluster running for data processing. We thank L. Levin for the. PSPOPPY-related discussion and M. Mickaliger for the plotfil display tool. We also thank E. Keane for a discussion on the paper. We acknowledge the help from N. Mohan for modifying the PYBDSM package to suit the imaging analysis of the GHRSS fields. We acknowledge the support of the GMRT operators. The GMRT is run by the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 817 IS 2 AR 130 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/817/2/130 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DC7YU UT WOS:000369437900047 ER PT J AU Munoz, JA Vives-Arias, H Mosquera, AM Jimenez-Vicente, J Kochanek, CS Mediavilla, E AF Munoz, J. A. Vives-Arias, H. Mosquera, A. M. Jimenez-Vicente, J. Kochanek, C. S. Mediavilla, E. TI STRUCTURE OF THE ACCRETION DISK IN THE LENSED QUASAR Q2237+0305 FROM MULTI-EPOCH AND MULTI-WAVELENGTH NARROWBAND PHOTOMETRY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion; accretion disks; gravitational lensing: micro; quasars: individual (Q2237+0305) ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; GRAVITATIONAL LENS; X-RAY; EMISSION REGIONS; SBS 0909+532; MG 0414+0534; SIZE; GALAXIES; CHROMATICITY; VARIABILITY AB We present estimates for the size and the logarithmic slope of the disk temperature profile of the lensed quasar Q2237+0305, independent of the component velocities. These estimates are based on six epochs of multiwavelength narrowband images from the Nordic Optical Telescope. For each pair of lensed images and each photometric band, we determine the microlensing amplitude and chromaticity using pre-existing mid-IR photometry to define the baseline for no microlensing magnification. A statistical comparison of the combined microlensing data (6 epochs x 5 narrow bands x 6 image pairs) with simulations based on microlensing magnification maps gives Bayesian estimates for the half-light radius of R-1/2 = 8.5(-4.0)(+7.5)root < M >/0.3M(circle dot) lt-day, and p = 0.95 +/- 0.33 for the exponent of the logarithmic temperature profile T proportional to R-1/p. This size estimate is in good agreement with most recent studies. Other works based on the study of single microlensing events predict smaller sizes, but could be statistically biased by focusing on high-magnification events. C1 [Munoz, J. A.; Vives-Arias, H.] Univ Valencia, Dept Astron & Astrofis, E-46100 Valencia, Spain. [Munoz, J. A.] Univ Valencia, Astron Observ, E-46980 Valencia, Spain. [Mosquera, A. M.; Kochanek, C. S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Mosquera, A. M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [Jimenez-Vicente, J.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, Campus Fuentenueva, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Jimenez-Vicente, J.] Univ Granada, Inst Carlos Fis Teor & Computac 1, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Mediavilla, E.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Santa Cruz De T, Spain. [Mediavilla, E.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Santa Cruz De T, Spain. RP Munoz, JA (reprint author), Univ Valencia, Dept Astron & Astrofis, E-46100 Valencia, Spain.; Munoz, JA (reprint author), Univ Valencia, Astron Observ, E-46980 Valencia, Spain. OI Jimenez-Vicente, Jorge/0000-0001-7798-3453 FU Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia [AYA2010-21741-C03-01/02, AYA2011-24728, AYA2013-47744-C3-1/3-P, AYA2014-53506-P]; Generalitat Valenciana [PROMETEO/2014/60]; Junta de Andalucia through the FQM-108 project; NSF grant [AST-1211146] FX This research was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia with the grants AYA2010-21741-C03-01/02, AYA2011-24728, AYA2013-47744-C3-1/3-P and AYA2014-53506-P. J.A.M. is also supported by the Generalitat Valenciana with the grant PROMETEO/2014/60. J.J.V. is also supported by the Junta de Andalucia through the FQM-108 project. A.M.M. is supported by NSF grant AST-1211146. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 817 IS 2 AR 155 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/817/2/155 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DC7YU UT WOS:000369437900072 ER PT J AU van Weeren, RJ Ogrean, GA Jones, C Forman, WR Andrade-Santos, F Bonafede, A Bruggen, M Bulbul, E Clarke, TE Churazov, E David, L Dawson, WA Donahue, M Goulding, A Kraft, RP Mason, B Merten, J Mroczkowski, T Murray, SS Nulsen, PEJ Rosati, P Roediger, E Randall, SW Sayers, J Umetsu, K Vikhlinin, A Zitrin, A AF van Weeren, R. J. Ogrean, G. A. Jones, C. Forman, W. R. Andrade-Santos, F. Bonafede, A. Brueggen, M. Bulbul, E. Clarke, T. E. Churazov, E. David, L. Dawson, W. A. Donahue, M. Goulding, A. Kraft, R. P. Mason, B. Merten, J. Mroczkowski, T. Murray, S. S. Nulsen, P. E. J. Rosati, P. Roediger, E. Randall, S. W. Sayers, J. Umetsu, K. Vikhlinin, A. Zitrin, A. TI THE DISCOVERY OF LENSED RADIO AND X-RAY SOURCES BEHIND THE FRONTIER FIELDS CLUSTER MACS J0717.5+3745 WITH THE JVLA AND CHANDRA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual (MACS J0717.5+3745); gravitational lensing: strong; radio continuum: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; MERGER ABELL 2744; GALAXY CLUSTERS; STAR-FORMATION; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; MASS RECONSTRUCTION; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; MAGNIFICATION MAPS; NUMBER COUNTS; W-PROJECTION AB We report on high-resolution JVLA and Chandra observations of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Frontier Cluster MACS J0717.5+3745. MACS J0717.5+3745 offers the largest contiguous magnified area of any known cluster, making it a promising target to search for lensed radio and X-ray sources. With the high-resolution 1.0-6.5 GHz JVLA imaging in A and B configuration, we detect a total of 51 compact radio sources within the area covered by the HST imaging. Within this sample, we find seven. lensed sources with amplification factors larger than two. None of these sources are identified as multiply lensed. Based on the radio luminosities, the majority of these sources are likely star-forming galaxies with star-formation rates (SFRs) of 10-50 M-circle dot yr(-1) located at 1 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 2. Two of the lensed radio sources are also detected in the Chandra image of the cluster. These two sources are likely active galactic nuclei, given their 2-10 keV X-ray luminosities of similar to 10(43-44) erg s(-1). From the derived radio luminosity function, we find evidence for an increase in the number density of radio sources at 0.6 < z < 2.0, compared to a z < 0.3 sample. Our observations indicate that deep radio imaging of lensing clusters can be used to study star-forming galaxies, with SFRs as low as similar to 10(circle dot) yr(-1), at the peak of cosmic star formation history. C1 [van Weeren, R. J.; Ogrean, G. A.; Jones, C.; Forman, W. R.; Andrade-Santos, F.; Bulbul, E.; David, L.; Kraft, R. P.; Murray, S. S.; Nulsen, P. E. J.; Randall, S. W.; Vikhlinin, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bonafede, A.; Brueggen, M.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Clarke, T. E.; Mroczkowski, T.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Churazov, E.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Churazov, E.] Space Res Inst, Profsoyuznaya 84-32, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Dawson, W. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Donahue, M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Goulding, A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Mason, B.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Merten, J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Murray, S. S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3400 North Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Nulsen, P. E. J.] Univ Western Australia, ICRAR, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Rosati, P.] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis & Sci Terra, Via Saragat 1, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy. [Roediger, E.] Univ Hull, EA Milne Ctr Astrophys, Dept Math & Phys, Cottinton Rd, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England. [Sayers, J.; Zitrin, A.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, MC 249-17, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Umetsu, K.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. RP van Weeren, RJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM rvanweeren@cfa.harvard.edu RI Churazov, Eugene/A-7783-2013; OI Mroczkowski, Tony/0000-0003-3816-5372; Umetsu, Keiichi/0000-0002-7196-4822; Nulsen, Paul/0000-0003-0297-4493; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660; Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award [GO4-15129X]; National Aeronautics Space Administration [NAS8-03060]; NASA through the Einstein Postdoctoral grant - Chandra X-ray Center [PF2-130104]; NASA [NAS8-03060, NAS5-26555]; NASA through a Hubble Fellowship - Space Telescope Science Institute [HST-HF2-51345.001-A]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [FOR 1254]; Smithsonian Institution; Chandra grant [GO3-14131X]; NASA through Hubble Fellowship - STScI [HST-HF2-51334.001-A]; 6.1 Base funding; STScI grant [12065.007-A]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We thank the anonymous referee for useful comments. We thank Megan Gralla for a discussion on the lensed radio sources. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award Number GO4-15129X issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. R.J.W. is supported by NASA through the Einstein Postdoctoral grant number PF2-130104 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. G.A.O. acknowledges support by NASA through a Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51345.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. M.B. acknowledges support by the research group FOR 1254 funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft: "Magnetization of interstellar and intergalactic media: the prospects of low-frequency radio observations." W.R.F., C.J., and F.A.-S. acknowledge support from the Smithsonian Institution. F.A.-S. acknowledges support from Chandra grant GO3-14131X. A.Z. is supported by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51334.001-A awarded by STScI. This research was performed while T.M. held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). Basic research in radio astronomy at NRL by T.M. and T.E.C. is supported by 6.1 Base funding. M.D. acknowledges the support of STScI grant 12065.007-A. P.E.J.N. was partially supported by NASA contract NAS8-03060. E.R. acknowledges a Visiting Scientist Fellowship of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and the hospitality of the Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge. Part of this work performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 817 IS 2 AR 98 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/817/2/98 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DC7YU UT WOS:000369437900015 ER PT J AU Higgins, T Webster, T Mokole, EL AF Higgins, Thomas Webster, Tegan Mokole, Eric L. TI Passive multistatic radar experiment using WiMAX signals of opportunity. Part 1: Signal processing SO IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS AB Radio frequency (RF) spectrum crowding has resulted in the need for interoperability between radar and communications systems. Passive radar has been investigated as a means to exploit the proliferation of RF systems to perform functions such as detection and tracking of moving targets. Passive multistatic radar may alleviate spectral fratricide by replacing some active monostatic radar systems. Part 1 of this study presents results from a passive multistatic radar experiment that exploits worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communications waveforms to detect moving targets. Signal processing strategies for high-duty cycle, low pulse repetition frequency (PRF) waveforms are discussed and validated on experimental data. Part 2 of this article attempts to address the outstanding research issue of combining data from multistatic radar systems to increase performance. C1 [Higgins, Thomas; Webster, Tegan; Mokole, Eric L.] Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Webster, T (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM tegan.webster@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research under Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX The authors acknowledge Dr Jimmy Alatishe and Mr Andre des Rosiers of the Radar Division for their assistance in performing the passive multistatic radar experiment. This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research under the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 1751-8784 EI 1751-8792 J9 IET RADAR SONAR NAV JI IET Radar Sonar Navig. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 10 IS 2 BP 238 EP 247 DI 10.1049/iet-rsn.2015.0020 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA DD4EJ UT WOS:000369875000003 ER PT J AU Webster, T Higgins, T Mokole, EL AF Webster, Tegan Higgins, Thomas Mokole, Eric L. TI Passive multistatic radar experiment using WiMAX signals of opportunity. Part 2: Multistatic velocity backprojection SO IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION LA English DT Article ID MOVING TARGETS; COHERENT; SYSTEMS; TOMOGRAPHY AB Passive radar can reduce radio frequency (RF) spectrum crowding and facilitate RF system interoperability by eliminating the necessity to transmit. Part 1 of this study discussed a passive multistatic radar experiment using Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) signals of opportunity and the accompanying signal processing techniques that were employed. Part 2 discusses the multistatic velocity backprojection technique for visualising multistatic radar data and applies this technique to simulated data and passive multistatic data from the experiment discussed in Part 1. C1 [Webster, Tegan; Higgins, Thomas; Mokole, Eric L.] Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Webster, T (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM tegan.webster@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research under Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX The authors acknowledge Dr Jimmy Alatishe and Mr. Andre des Rosiers of the Radar Division for their assistance in performing the passive multistatic radar experiment. This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research under the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 1751-8784 EI 1751-8792 J9 IET RADAR SONAR NAV JI IET Radar Sonar Navig. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 10 IS 2 BP 248 EP 255 DI 10.1049/iet-rsn.2015.0021 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA DD4EJ UT WOS:000369875000004 ER PT J AU Dennis, CN Satija, A Lucht, RP AF Dennis, Claresta N. Satija, Aman Lucht, Robert P. TI High dynamic range thermometry at 5kHz in hydrogen-air diffusion flame using chirped-probe-pulse femtosecond coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE CARS; ultrafast; combustion diagnostics ID SPECTROSCOPY AB Chirped probe pulse femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CPP fs-CARS) thermometry was performed at 5kHz in a hydrogen jet diffusion flame with an air co-flow. Measurements were performed at different heights and radial locations within the jet diffusion flame, up to 16 nozzle exit diameters downstream (x/d=16). The near-nozzle measurements were characterized by large, organized, buoyancy-driven instabilities that become more chaotic at the downstream locations x/d4. The diffusion flame results highlight temperature fluctuations characteristic of the buoyancy-driven Kelvin-Helmholtz-type instability and provide new insights into the transient structure of these flames. At some measurement locations, the time-varying temperatures ranged from 300K to nearly 2400K. The CPP fs-CARS signal intensity is a factor of approximately 1000 times lower at 2400K compared with 300K. A dual-channel detection system was used to increase the dynamic range of the CARS measurements. The determination of temperature from the single shot spectra is discussed in detail. Laser and detection system parameters were determined from CPP fs-CARS spectra obtained from a near-adiabatic laminar calibration flame apparatus. The temperature precision of the system was determined from these calibration measurements and was found to be better than 2.0% at 2200K. The influence of an instrument response function on spectral fitting parameters is systematically assessed. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Dennis, Claresta N.; Satija, Aman; Lucht, Robert P.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Dennis, CN (reprint author), US Navy, Air Warfare Ctr, 1900 N Knox Rd MS 6204, China Lake, CA USA.; Dennis, CN (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM claresta.dennis@navy.mil FU U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences [DE-FG02-03ER15391]; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology [ORS 1975-01]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Defense University Research Instrumentation Program [FA9550-09-1-0387]; Office of Naval Research NSTAR under ID [ILIR-4767] FX The authors would like to thank Chris Draves, Jeffrey B. Oleske, and Colin J. Ingram with Andor Technologies Inc. for allowing to borrow the Andor iXon Ultra EMCCD and spectrometer used for performing these measurements. Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences under grant no. DE-FG02-03ER15391 and by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology under award number ORS 1975-01. Funding for the ultrafast laser system was provided by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Defense University Research Instrumentation Program, under grant no. FA9550-09-1-0387. Support for manuscript preparation was provided by the Office of Naval Research NSTAR under ID no. ILIR-4767. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0377-0486 EI 1097-4555 J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC JI J. Raman Spectrosc. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 47 IS 2 BP 177 EP 188 DI 10.1002/jrs.4773 PG 12 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA DD5RW UT WOS:000369983000005 ER PT J AU Wong-Ng, W Culp, JT Chen, YS Deschamps, JR Marti, A AF Wong-Ng, Winnie Culp, Jeffrey T. Chen, Yu-S. Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Marti, Anna TI Synthesis and structural characterization of a flexible metal organic framework {[Ni(dpbz)][Ni(CN)(4)]}(n), dpbz=1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)benzene) with an unusual Ni-N bond SO SOLID STATE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Carbon dioxide capture; Flexible porous MOF; Soft porous crystals; Ni(1,4-bis (4-pyridyl)benzene)[Ni(CN)(4)]; Synchrotron crystal structure; Sorption isotherms; 5-Coordinate nickel complex ID POROUS COORDINATION POLYMER; SYNCHROTRON X-RAY; SPIN-CROSSOVER; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; POWDER DIFFRACTION; CO2; ADSORPTION; COMPLEXES; CYANIDE AB The chartreuse monoclinic Ni-dpbz (Ni(L)[Ni(CN)(4)], (L = 1,4-Bis(4-pyridyl) benzene, or dpbz) crystal assumes a pillared structure with layers defined by 2-D Ni[Ni(CN)(4)](n) nets and dpbz ligands as pillars, linking between coordinated Ni sites. In addition to the hysteretic adsorption/desorption feature of Ni-dpbz, in half of the parallelepiped-shape space enclosed by the pillars and nets, an additional dpbz ligand was found to link between the open ends of two four-fold Ni sites. This arrangement results in an unusual 5-fold pseudo square-pyramid environment for Ni and a significantly long Ni-N distance of 2.369(4) angstrom. The presence of disordered dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent molecules give rise to the formula of Ni(dpbz)[Ni(CN)(4)].1/2dpbz.0.44DMSO. Sorption isotherms showed flexible behavior during the adsorption and desorption of CO2. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Wong-Ng, Winnie] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Culp, Jeffrey T.; Marti, Anna] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Dept Energy, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Culp, Jeffrey T.] AECOM, South Pk, PA 15219 USA. [Chen, Yu-S.] Univ Chicago, ChemMatCARS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wong-Ng, W (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM Winnie.wong-ng@nist.gov FU National Energy Technology under the RES contract [DE-FE0004000]; National Science Foundation/Department of Energy [NSF/CHE-0822838]; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This technical effort was performed in support of the National Energy Technology's ongoing research in CO2 capture under the RES contract DE-FE0004000. The authors gratefully acknowledge ChemMatCARS Sector 15 which is principally supported by the National Science Foundation/Department of Energy under grant number NSF/CHE-0822838. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 68 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 19 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1293-2558 EI 1873-3085 J9 SOLID STATE SCI JI Solid State Sci. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 52 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2015.11.010 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA DB9GB UT WOS:000368823300001 ER PT J AU Zhang, R Knight, SP Holtz, RL Goswami, R Davies, CHJ Birbilis, N AF Zhang, R. Knight, S. P. Holtz, R. L. Goswami, R. Davies, C. H. J. Birbilis, N. TI A Survey of Sensitization in 5xxx Series Aluminum Alloys SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE 5xxx series; aluminum alloys; intergranular corrosion; sensitization ID STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING; AL-MG ALLOY; GRAIN-BOUNDARY SEGREGATION; BETA-PHASE PRECIPITATION; MODIFIED AL-5083 ALLOY; INTERGRANULAR CORROSION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LOCALIZED CORROSION; HEAT-TREATMENT; AL-5MG ALLOY AB The 5xxx series (Al-Mg-based) aluminum alloys suffer from intergranular corrosion and intergranular stress corrosion cracking when the alloy has become "sensitized." Sensitization refers to insidious precipitation of beta phase (Mg2Al3), which is problematic when present at grain boundaries. The beta phase is electrochemically active and may preferentially dissolve. This paper reviews the relevant works that have documented the degree of sensitization for various 5xxx series alloys, providing a holistic overview of the issue, along with attention to the bulk composition, heat treatment, and microstructure. C1 [Zhang, R.; Knight, S. P.; Birbilis, N.] Monash Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Holtz, R. L.; Goswami, R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Davies, C. H. J.] Monash Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. RP Birbilis, N (reprint author), Monash Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. EM nick.birbilis@monash.edu OI Birbilis, Nick/0000-0002-7910-7470; Davies, Chris/0000-0001-8910-7426 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); Office of Naval Research Global FX Financial support from the Office of Naval Research and Office of Naval Research Global (with Dr. Airan Perez and Dr. Liming Salvino as Scientific Officers) is gratefully acknowledged. The AA5083-H131 studied herein was kindly provided by Professor R.G. Kelly at the University of Virginia, and we also thank Dr. Stan P. Lynch for provision of materials. NRL's funding for this project was provided by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program. NR 81 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 12 U2 21 PU NATL ASSOC CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0010-9312 EI 1938-159X J9 CORROSION-US JI Corrosion PD FEB PY 2016 VL 72 IS 2 BP 144 EP 159 DI 10.5006/1787 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DC9OI UT WOS:000369550500003 ER PT J AU Golumbfskie, WJ Tran, KT Noland, JM Park, R Stiles, DJ Grogan, G Wong, C AF Golumbfskie, W. J. Tran, K. T. Noland, J. M. Park, R. Stiles, D. J. Grogan, G. Wong, C. TI Survey of Detection, Mitigation, and Repair Technologies to Address Problems Caused by Sensitization of Al-Mg Alloys on Navy Ships SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE aluminum alloy; marine environments; sensitization; stress corrosion cracking ID ULTRASONIC IMPACT TREATMENT; STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING; BETA-PHASE PRECIPITATION; ALUMINUM-ALLOY; INTERGRANULAR CORROSION; BEHAVIOR; FATIGUE; DELAMINATION; ORIENTATION; MECHANISM AB Structural aluminum alloys are used in marine applications where light weight and increased speed are paramount. The 5xxx series alloys are the ideal choice, providing an optimum combination of as-welded strength and general corrosion resistance. A particular concern is sensitization in service. Aluminum is considered sensitized when a nearly continuous network of beta phase forms along the grain boundaries. The beta phase is anodic to the Al matrix, and, when exposed to sea water and sufficient loading, provides a clear pathway to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). The degree of beta-phase precipitation is driven by a combination of time and elevated temperature. For over a decade, SCC of Al superstructures has plagued Navy ships. To address this issue, relevant technologies have been adopted, adapted, and developed to combat this issue. More specifically, the technology areas involve the detection of sensitization, the mitigation of SCC, and the replacement of corrupt materials. The technologies discussed herein are all currently used on the waterfront, and their use is summarized in a case study at the end of this survey. C1 [Golumbfskie, W. J.; Tran, K. T.; Noland, J. M.; Park, R.; Stiles, D. J.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD USA. [Grogan, G.; Wong, C.] NAVSEA Headquarters, Washington, DC USA. RP Golumbfskie, WJ (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD USA. EM william.golumbfskie@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [N0001408WX20691, N0001411WX21109, N0001411WX21246, N0001411WX21460, N0001412WX20327, N0001412WX21030, N0001412WX21207, N0001412WX21543, N0001412WX21544, N0001412WX21551, N0001413WX20238, N0001413WX20247, N0001413WX20645, N0001414WX00259, N0001415WX00575, N0001415WX01024]; Naval Sea Systems Command; Surface Warfare Directorate (SEA 21); OSD Comparative Technology Office (CTO) Foreign Comparative Testing (FCT) Program FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (Award Numbers: N0001408WX20691, N0001411WX21109, N0001411WX21246, N0001411WX21460, N0001412WX20327, N0001412WX21030, N0001412WX21207, N0001412WX21543, N0001412WX21544, N0001412WX21551, N0001413WX20238, N0001413WX20247, N0001413WX20645, N0001414WX00259, N0001415WX00575, N0001415WX01024) and was also supported by the Naval Sea Systems Command with financial and programmatic support provided by the Surface Warfare Directorate (SEA 21) and engineering and technical authority guidance from the Naval Systems Engineering Directorate (SEA 05). The authors would also like to acknowledge Electrawatch, LLC for authorized use of images regarding the DoS probe and the OSD Comparative Technology Office (CTO) Foreign Comparative Testing (FCT) Program for support. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 14 PU NATL ASSOC CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0010-9312 EI 1938-159X J9 CORROSION-US JI Corrosion PD FEB PY 2016 VL 72 IS 2 BP 314 EP 328 DI 10.5006/1916 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DC9OI UT WOS:000369550500014 ER PT J AU Kidwell, DA Smith, FP AF Kidwell, David A. Smith, Frederick P. TI Companies should test the limits of their decontamination procedures-Reply to: Comments on "Ethnic hair care products may increase false positive in hair'' V. Hill et al. SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Letter ID CONTAMINATION; DRUGS; ABUSE; RISK C1 [Kidwell, David A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Smith, Frederick P.] Univ New Haven, Dept Forens Sci, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. RP Smith, FP (reprint author), Univ New Haven, Dept Forens Sci, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. EM NRLSummerResearchFaculty@gmail.com NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0379-0738 EI 1872-6283 J9 FORENSIC SCI INT JI Forensic Sci.Int. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 259 BP E51 EP E51 DI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.11.004 PG 1 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA DC5BJ UT WOS:000369235000010 PM 26672400 ER PT J AU DuVivier, AK Cassano, JJ Craig, A Hamman, J Maslowski, W Nijssen, B Osinski, R Roberts, A AF DuVivier, Alice K. Cassano, John J. Craig, Anthony Hamman, Joseph Maslowski, Wieslaw Nijssen, Bart Osinski, Robert Roberts, Andrew TI Winter Atmospheric Buoyancy Forcing and Oceanic Response during Strong Wind Events around Southeastern Greenland in the Regional Arctic System Model (RASM) for 1990-2010 SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article DE Geographic location; entity; Arctic; Circulation; Dynamics; Atmosphere-ocean interaction; Atm; Ocean Structure; Phenomena; Oceanic mixed layer; Wind; Models and modeling; Coupled models; Regional models ID LABRADOR SEA-WATER; SELF-ORGANIZING MAPS; CENTRAL IRMINGER SEA; DEEP CONVECTION; BARRIER WINDS; TIP JET; SCALE PROCESSES; NORTH-ATLANTIC; CAPE-FAREWELL; ERA-INTERIM AB Strong, mesoscale tip jets and barrier winds that occur along the southeastern Greenland coast have the potential to impact deep convection in the Irminger Sea. The self-organizing map (SOM) training algorithm was used to identify 12 wind patterns that represent the range of winter [November-March (NDJFM)] wind regimes identified in the fully coupled Regional Arctic System Model (RASM) during 1990-2010. For all wind patterns, the ocean loses buoyancy, primarily through the turbulent sensible and latent heat fluxes; haline contributions to buoyancy change were found to be insignificant compared to the thermal contributions. Patterns with westerly winds at the Cape Farewell area had the largest buoyancy loss over the Irminger and Labrador Seas due to large turbulent fluxes from strong winds and the advection of anomalously cold, dry air over the warmer ocean. Similar to observations, RASM simulated typical ocean mixed layer depths (MLD) of approximately 400 m throughout the Irminger basin, with individual years experiencing MLDs of 800 m or greater. The ocean mixed layer deepens over most of the Irminger Sea following wind events with northerly flow, and the deepening is greater for patterns of longer duration. Seasonal deepest MLD is strongly and positively correlated to the frequency of westerly tip jets with northerly flow. C1 [DuVivier, Alice K.; Cassano, John J.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [DuVivier, Alice K.; Cassano, John J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Craig, Anthony; Maslowski, Wieslaw; Osinski, Robert; Roberts, Andrew] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Hamman, Joseph; Nijssen, Bart] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Osinski, Robert] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Sopot, Poland. RP DuVivier, AK (reprint author), Univ Colorado, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM alice.duvivier@colorado.edu RI Nijssen, Bart/B-1013-2012; OI Nijssen, Bart/0000-0002-4062-0322; Hamman, Joseph/0000-0001-7479-8439 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-07ER64462, DE-SC0006178, DE-SC0005783, DE-FG02-07ER64460, DE-SC0006856]; NSF [PLR 1107788, ARC1107788] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Grants DE-FG02-07ER64462, DE-SC0006178, DE-SC0005783, DE-FG02-07ER64460, and DE-SC0006856 and NSF Grants PLR 1107788 and ARC1107788, and computational resources were provided by the Department of Defense (DOD) High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP). WRF Model boundary conditions have been derived from the ERA-Interim dataset provided by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. The ERA-Interim data for this manuscript are available on the Research Data Archive at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Computational and Information Systems Laboratory (ERA-I: http://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds627.0/; CFSR: http://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds093.1/). The following members of the RASM development team have not contributed directly to the analysis within this paper but have provided invaluable advice on the broader model: Xubin Zeng, William Lipscomb, Michael Brunke, and William Gutowski. We also appreciate the feedback from three anonymous reviewers who have helped improve this manuscript. Data are available from the authors upon request. NR 72 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 29 IS 3 BP 975 EP 994 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0592.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DC5SA UT WOS:000369279500006 ER PT J AU Manheimer, W AF Manheimer, Wallace TI Fusion Breeding: An Old, New Strategic Opportunity for Fusion SO JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Fusion breeding; Hybrid fusion; Fission suppressed hybrid fusion; Mid century sustainable power; Scientific prototype ID DEVELOPMENT PATH AB This article reviews the case for fusion breeding that the author has made over more than the last 15 years. It shows that even stipulating maximum success or ITER or NIF, pure fusion is nowhere near ready to provide economical power. Fusion breeding, using a device like one or both of these machines just might. A new direction for the American MFE base program is proposed. Fusion breeding could be a short cut which could cut out decades and decades from the development of pure fusion. Fusion breeding allows a midcentury power source, one which is carbon free, sustainable, economical, environmentally sound and have litte or no proliferation risk. C1 [Manheimer, Wallace] Naval Res Lab, Allendale, MI USA. RP Manheimer, W (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Allendale, MI USA. EM wallymanheimer@yahoo.com NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0164-0313 EI 1572-9591 J9 J FUSION ENERG JI J. Fusion Energy PD FEB PY 2016 VL 35 IS 1 BP 117 EP 122 DI 10.1007/s10894-015-9998-0 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA DC9MX UT WOS:000369546800016 ER EF