FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Hemmer, JR Poelma, SO Treat, N Page, ZA Dolinski, ND Diaz, YJ Tomlinson, W Clark, KD Hooper, JP Hawker, C de Alaniz, JR AF Hemmer, James R. Poelma, Saemi O. Treat, Nicolas Page, Zachariah A. Dolinski, Neil D. Diaz, Yvonne J. Tomlinson, Warren Clark, Kyle D. Hooper, Joseph P. Hawker, Craig de Alaniz, Javier Read TI Tunable Visible and Near Infrared Photoswitches SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ACCEPTOR STENHOUSE ADDUCTS; AZOBENZENE PHOTOSWITCHES; NEGATIVE PHOTOCHROMISM; IN-VIVO; LIGHT; DERIVATIVES; SPIROPYRAN; NANOPARTICLES; MOLECULES; SWITCHES AB A class of tunable visible and near-infrared donor acceptor Stenhouse adduct (DASA) photoswitches were efficiently synthesized in two to four steps from commercially available starting materials with minimal purification. Using either Meldrum's or barbituric acid "acceptors" in combination with aniline-based "donors", an absorption range spanning from 450 to 750 nm is obtained. Additionally, photoisomerization results in complete decoloration for all adducts, yielding fully transparent, colorless solutions and films. Detailed investigations using density functional theory, nuclear magnetic resonance, and visible absorption spectroscopies provide valuable insight into the unique structure property relationships for this novel class of photoswitches. As a final demonstration, selective photochromism is accomplished in a variety of solvents and polymer matrices, a significant advantage for applications of this new generation of DASAs. C1 [Hemmer, James R.; Poelma, Saemi O.; Diaz, Yvonne J.; Clark, Kyle D.; Hawker, Craig; de Alaniz, Javier Read] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Treat, Nicolas; Page, Zachariah A.; Dolinski, Neil D.; Hawker, Craig] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Tomlinson, Warren; Hooper, Joseph P.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP de Alaniz, JR (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM javier@chem.ucsb.edu FU National Science Foundation (MRSEC program) [DMR 1121053]; California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI) Challenge Grant Program; National Science Foundation FX We thank the National Science Foundation (MRSEC program, DMR 1121053) and California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI) Challenge Grant Program for support. Y.J.D. and N.T. thanks the National Science Foundation for a Graduate Research Fellowship. We thank Dr. Alexander Mikhailovsky for his help constructing the optical setup used for the cycling and selective switching experiments and also thank Dr. Jerry Hu for his help with the cryoprobe and DOSY NMR experiment measurements. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 65 U2 65 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD OCT 26 PY 2016 VL 138 IS 42 BP 13960 EP 13966 DI 10.1021/jacs.6b07434 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EA3WR UT WOS:000386540500037 ER PT J AU Oh, E Huston, AL Shabaev, A Efros, A Currie, M Susumu, K Bussmann, K Goswami, R Fatemi, FK Medintz, IL AF Oh, Eunkeu Huston, Alan L. Shabaev, Andrew Efros, Alexander Currie, Marc Susumu, Kimihiro Bussmann, Konrad Goswami, Ramasis Fatemi, Fredrik K. Medintz, Igor L. TI Energy Transfer Sensitization of Luminescent Gold Nanoclusters: More than Just the Classical Forster Mechanism SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID CDSE QUANTUM DOTS; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; NANOPARTICLE SURFACE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; TRANSFER FRET; RESONANCE; FLUORESCENCE; SIZE; METAL; MOLECULES AB Luminescent gold nanocrystals (AuNCs) are a recently-developed material with potential optic, electronic and biological applications. They also demonstrate energy transfer (ET) acceptor/sensitization properties which have been ascribed to Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and, to a lesser extent, nanosurface energy transfer (NSET). Here, we investigate AuNC acceptor interactions with three structurally/functionally-distinct donor classes including organic dyes, metal chelates and semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). Donor quenching was observed for every donor-acceptor pair although AuNC sensitization was only observed from metal-chelates and QDs. FRET theory dramatically underestimated the observed energy transfer while NSET-based damping models provided better fits but could not reproduce the experimental data. We consider additional factors including AuNC magnetic dipoles, density of excited-states, dephasing time, and enhanced intersystem crossing that can also influence ET. Cumulatively, data suggests that AuNC sensitization is not by classical FRET or NSET and we provide a simplified distance-independent ET model to fit such experimental data. C1 [Oh, Eunkeu; Huston, Alan L.; Currie, Marc; Susumu, Kimihiro; Fatemi, Fredrik K.] US Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div Code 5600, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Oh, Eunkeu; Susumu, Kimihiro] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Shabaev, Andrew; Efros, Alexander] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bussmann, Konrad] US Naval Res Lab, Mat & Sensors Branch Code 6361, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Goswami, Ramasis] US Naval Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Code 6351, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Medintz, Igor L.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Oh, E (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div Code 5600, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Oh, E (reprint author), Sotera Def Solut Inc, Columbia, MD 21046 USA.; Medintz, IL (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Eunkeu.oh.ctr.ks@nrl.navy.mil; Igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil FU ONR; NRL; NRL Nanosciences Institute; DTRA-JSTO (MIPR) [B112582M] FX The authors acknowledge support from ONR, NRL, the NRL Nanosciences Institute and DTRA-JSTO (MIPR#B112582M). The authors also acknowledge University of Maryland NISPLab for TEM imaging and useful scientific discussions with Prof. J. Feldmann of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Germany. NR 115 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 46 U2 46 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD OCT 24 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 35538 DI 10.1038/srep35538 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DZ5RI UT WOS:000385918800001 PM 27774984 ER PT J AU Brittain, SD Najita, JR Carr, JS Adamkovics, M Reynolds, N AF Brittain, Sean D. Najita, Joan R. Carr, John S. Adamkovics, Mate Reynolds, Nickalas TI A STUDY OF RO-VIBRATIONAL OH EMISSION FROM HERBIG Ae/Be STARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; line: profiles; molecular processes; protoplanetary disks ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; MICRON INFRARED SPECTROGRAPH; INTERMEDIATE-MASS STARS; FINAL ARCHIVE SPECTRA; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; TRANSITIONAL DISK; PLANET FORMATION; FORMING REGION; DEBRIS DISK; CO EMISSION AB We present a study of ro-vibrational OH and CO emission from 21 disks around Herbig Ae/Be stars. We find that the OH and CO luminosities are proportional over a wide range of stellar ultraviolet luminosities. The OH and CO line profiles are also similar, indicating that they arise from roughly the same radial region of the disk. The CO and OH emission are both correlated with the far-ultraviolet luminosity of the stars, while the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) luminosity is correlated with the longer wavelength ultraviolet luminosity of the stars. Although disk flaring affects the PAH luminosity, it is not a factor in the luminosity of the OH and CO emission. These properties are consistent with models of UV-irradiated disk atmospheres. We also find that the transition disks in our sample, which have large optically thin inner regions, have lower OH and CO luminosities than non-transition disk sources with similar ultraviolet luminosities. This result, while tentative given the small sample size, is consistent with the interpretation that transition disks lack a gaseous disk close to the star. C1 [Brittain, Sean D.; Reynolds, Nickalas] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab 118, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Najita, Joan R.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, 950 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Carr, John S.] Naval Res Lab, Code 7211, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Adamkovics, Mate] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Brittain, SD (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab 118, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM sbritt@clemson.edu FU W.M. Keck Foundation; National Science Foundation [AST-0954811]; 6.1 base FX Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. This research has also made use of the Keck Observatory Archive, which is operated by the W.M. Keck Observatory and the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Based also in part on data obtained from the ESO Science Archive Facility. Based also in part on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory (GS-2005B-C-2) which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (Argentina), and Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao (Brazil). This paper is based in part on observations obtained with the Phoenix infrared spectrograph, developed and operated by the National Optical Astronomy Observatory. S.D.B. acknowledges support for this work from the National Science Foundation under grant number AST-0954811. Basic research in infrared astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 base funding. NR 71 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 20 PY 2016 VL 830 IS 2 AR 112 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/830/2/112 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EA3FZ UT WOS:000386488200015 ER PT J AU Finke, JD AF Finke, Justin D. TI EXTERNAL COMPTON SCATTERING IN BLAZAR JETS AND THE LOCATION OF THE GAMMA-RAY EMITTING REGION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; gamma rays: galaxies; quasars: general; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BROAD-LINE REGION; RADIUS-LUMINOSITY RELATIONSHIP; HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION; BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; QUASAR PKS 1510-089; BLACK-HOLE MASSES; PHOTON-PHOTON COLLISIONS; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; HOST-GALAXY STARLIGHT AB I study the location of the gamma-ray emission in blazar jets by creating a Compton-scattering approximation that is valid for all anisotropic radiation fields in the Thomson through Klein-Nishina regimes, is highly accurate, and can speed up numerical calculations by up to a factor of similar to 10. I apply this approximation to synchrotron self-Compton, external Compton scattering of photons from the accretion disk, broad line region (BLR), and dust torus. I use a stratified BLR model and include detailed Compton-scattering calculations of a spherical and flattened BLR. I create two dust torus models, one where the torus is an annulus and one where it is an extended disk. I present detailed calculations of the photoabsorption optical depth using my detailed BLR and dust torus models, including the full angle dependence. I apply these calculations to the emission from a relativistically moving blob traveling through these radiation fields. The ratio of gamma-ray to optical flux produces a predictable pattern that could help locate the gamma-ray emission region. I show that the bright flare from 3C 454.3 in 2010 November detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope is unlikely to originate from a single blob inside the BLR. This is because it moves outside the BLR in a time shorter than the flare duration, although emission by multiple blobs inside the BLR is possible. Also, gamma-rays are unlikely to originate from outside of the BLR, due to the scattering of photons from an extended dust torus, since the cooling timescale would be too long to explain the observed short variability. C1 [Finke, Justin D.] US Naval Res Lab, Code 7653,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Finke, JD (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Code 7653,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM justin.finke@nrl.navy.mil FU Chief of Naval Research FX In Section 8 I used data taken and assembled by the WEBT collaboration and stored in the WEBT archive at the Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino-INAF.4 I would particularly like to thank C. Raiteri for retrieving these data. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. I am grateful to the anonymous referee for a prompt and helpful report, C. D. Dermer for useful discussions on Compton scattering, and C. Done, who piqued my interest in beaming patterns for what became Section 6. I am funded by the Chief of Naval Research. NR 120 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 20 PY 2016 VL 830 IS 2 AR 94 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/830/2/94 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EA1FK UT WOS:000386337700011 ER PT J AU Ouyang, B Hou, WL Gong, CL Dalgleish, FR Caimi, FM Vuorenkoski, AK Nootz, G Xiao, XF Voelz, DG AF Ouyang, Bing Hou, Weilin Gong, Cuiling Dalgleish, Fraser R. Caimi, Frank M. Vuorenkoski, Anni K. Nootz, Gero Xiao, Xifeng Voelz, David G. TI Experimental study of a compressive line sensing imaging system in a turbulent environment SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article AB Turbulence poses challenges in many atmospheric and underwater surveillance applications. The compressive line sensing (CLS) active imaging scheme has been demonstrated in simulations and test tank experiments to be effective in scattering media such as turbid coastal water, fog, and mist. The CLS sensing model adopts the distributed compressive sensing theoretical framework that exploits both intrasignal sparsity and the highly correlated nature of adjacent areas in a natural scene. During sensing operation, the laser illuminates the spatial light modulator digital micromirror device to generate a series of one-dimensional binary sensing patterns from a codebook to encode the current target line segment. A single element detector photomultiplier tube acquires target reflections as the encoder output. The target can then be recovered using the encoder output and a predicted on-target codebook that reflects the environmental interference of original codebook entries. In this work, we investigated the effectiveness of the CLS imaging system in a turbulent environment. The development of a compact CLS prototype will be discussed, as will a series of experiments using various turbulence intensities at the Naval Research Lab's Simulated Turbulence and Turbidity Environment. The experimental results showed that the time-averaged measurements improved both the signal-to-noise radio and the resolution of the reconstructed image in the extreme turbulence environment. The contributing factors for this intriguing and promising result will be discussed. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Ouyang, Bing; Dalgleish, Fraser R.; Caimi, Frank M.; Vuorenkoski, Anni K.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, 5600 US1 North, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. [Hou, Weilin] Naval Res Lab, 1009 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Gong, Cuiling] Texas Christian Univ, Dept Engn, Ft Worth, TX 76129 USA. [Xiao, Xifeng; Voelz, David G.] New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Nootz, Gero] Naval Res Lab, NRC Res Associate, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Ouyang, B (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, 5600 US1 North, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. EM bouyang@fau.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-13-1-0107]; Naval Research Lab [N00173-15-P-0263]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N000141512195]; HBOI Foundation Research Excellence Fund; Texas Christian University (TCU) Invests in Scholarship FX Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (FA9550-13-1-0107); Naval Research Lab (N00173-15-P-0263); Office of Naval Research (ONR) (N000141512195); HBOI Foundation Research Excellence Fund; Texas Christian University (TCU) Invests in Scholarship. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 20 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 30 BP 8523 EP 8531 DI 10.1364/AO.55.008523 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA DZ3BA UT WOS:000385717100019 PM 27828131 ER PT J AU Hafke, B Frigge, T Witte, T Krenzer, B Aulbach, J Schafer, J Claessen, R Erwin, SC Horn-von Hoegen, M AF Hafke, B. Frigge, T. Witte, T. Krenzer, B. Aulbach, J. Schafer, J. Claessen, R. Erwin, S. C. Horn-von Hoegen, M. TI Two-dimensional interaction of spin chains in the Si(553)-Au nanowire system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SURFACES; DIFFRACTION; REALIZATION; LIQUID; WIRES AB Adsorption of Au on Si(553) results in the self-assembly of highly ordered step arrays of one-dimensional (1D) Au atomic wires along the step direction. Charge transfer from the terrace to the step edge causes every third Si atom at the step edge to exhibit a partially filled dangling bond hosting a single fully spin-polarized electron which forms in an ordered 1D spin chain along the step. The interstep correlation of this threefold periodicity in neighboring Si step edges and the geometry of the unit cell has been determined by means of high-resolution spot profile analysis low-energy electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy, and density functional theory. While the twofold periodicity of the Au wires exhibits a weak interwire interaction, leading to streaks in the diffraction pattern, the correlation of the Si step edge atoms is by far a stronger interaction, resulting in clear spots. The corresponding unit cell spanned by threefold ordered step edge atoms can be described as a centered structure which is magnetically frustrated and may stabilize a (two-dimensional) quantum spin liquid. C1 [Hafke, B.; Frigge, T.; Witte, T.; Krenzer, B.; Horn-von Hoegen, M.] Univ Duisburg Essen, Dept Phys, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany. [Hafke, B.; Frigge, T.; Witte, T.; Krenzer, B.; Horn-von Hoegen, M.] Univ Duisburg Essen, Ctr Nanointegrat CENIDE, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany. [Aulbach, J.; Schafer, J.; Claessen, R.] Univ Wurzburg, Rontgen Res Ctr Complex Mat Syst RCCM, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Erwin, S. C.] US Navy, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hafke, B (reprint author), Univ Duisburg Essen, Dept Phys, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany.; Hafke, B (reprint author), Univ Duisburg Essen, Ctr Nanointegrat CENIDE, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany. EM bernd.hafke@uni-due.de RI Claessen, Ralph/A-2045-2017 OI Claessen, Ralph/0000-0003-3682-6325 FU DFG [FOR1700]; Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program FX Financial support from the DFG FOR1700 research unit "Metallic nanowires on the atomic scale: Electronic and vibrational coupling in real world systems" is gratefully acknowledged. This work was partly supported by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program (SCE). Computations were performed at the DoD Major Shared Resource Center at AFRL. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 13 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 18 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 16 AR 161403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.161403 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DZ9AR UT WOS:000386165900003 ER PT J AU McCreary, KM Hanbicki, AT Singh, S Kawakami, RK Jernigan, GG Ishigami, M Ng, A Brintlinger, TH Stroud, RM Jonker, BT AF McCreary, Kathleen M. Hanbicki, Aubrey T. Singh, Simranjeet Kawakami, Roland K. Jernigan, Glenn G. Ishigami, Masa Ng, Amy Brintlinger, Todd H. Stroud, Rhonda M. Jonker, Berend T. TI The Effect of Preparation Conditions on Raman and Photoluminescence of Monolayer WS2 SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; SINGLE-LAYER WS2; TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; DER-WAALS HETEROSTRUCTURES; EXCITON BINDING-ENERGY; MOS2 ATOMIC LAYERS; VALLEY POLARIZATION; TUNGSTEN DISULFIDE; LIGHT-EMISSION; HIGH-MOBILITY AB We report on preparation dependent properties observed in monolayer WS2 samples synthesized via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on a variety of common substrates (Si/SiO2, sapphire, fused silica) as well as samples that were transferred from the growth substrate onto a new substrate. The as-grown CVD materials (as-WS2) exhibit distinctly different optical properties than transferred WS2 (x-WS2). In the case of CVD growth on Si/SiO2, following transfer to fresh Si/SiO2 there is a similar to 50 meV shift of the ground state exciton to higher emission energy in both photoluminescence emission and optical reflection. This shift is indicative of a reduction in tensile strain by similar to 0.25%. Additionally, the excitonic state in x-WS2 is easily modulated between neutral and charged exciton by exposure to moderate laser power, while such optical control is absent in as-WS2 for all growth substrates investigated. Finally, we observe dramatically different laser power-dependent behavior for as-grown and transferred WS2. These results demonstrate a strong sensitivity to sample preparation that is important for both a fundamental understanding of these novel materials as well as reliable reproduction of device properties. C1 [McCreary, Kathleen M.; Hanbicki, Aubrey T.; Jernigan, Glenn G.; Ng, Amy; Brintlinger, Todd H.; Stroud, Rhonda M.; Jonker, Berend T.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Singh, Simranjeet; Kawakami, Roland K.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Ishigami, Masa] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Ishigami, Masa] Univ Cent Florida, Nanosci Technol Ctr, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP McCreary, KM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kathleen.mccreary@nrl.navy.mil RI Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008 OI Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015 FU NRL; NRL Nanoscience Institute; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [AOARD 14IOA018-134141]; NSF [DMR-1310661]; National Science Foundation [0955625] FX Core programs at NRL and the NRL Nanoscience Institute supported this work. This work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under contract number AOARD 14IOA018-134141. The work at Ohio State was supported by NSF (DMR-1310661). The authors acknowledge use of facilities in the NRL Nanoscience Institute and thank Dean St. Amand and Walter Spratt for technical support. M.I. was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. 0955625. NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 59 U2 59 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD OCT 18 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 35154 DI 10.1038/srep35154 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DZ0CT UT WOS:000385505600001 PM 27752042 ER PT J AU Liu, GG Sheng, QW Hou, WL Han, M AF Liu, Guigen Sheng, Qiwen Hou, Weilin Han, Ming TI Optical fiber vector flow sensor based on a silicon Fabry-Perot interferometer array SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLOWMETER; ANEMOMETER AB We report a miniature fiber-optic water vector flow sensor based on an array of silicon Fabry - Perot interferometers (FPIs). The flow sensor is composed of four silicon FPIs, one in the center with the other three equally distributed around it. The center FPI is heated by a cw laser at 980 nm, which is guided through the lead-in single mode fiber. The temperature structure established within the sensor head due to laser heating is a function of the flow vector (speed and direction), which can be deduced from the wavelength shifts of the four FPIs. Theoretical analysis has been conducted to illustrate the operating principle and experimental demonstration has been provided. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Liu, Guigen; Sheng, Qiwen; Han, Ming] Univ Nebraska, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Hou, Weilin] Naval Res Lab, Code 7333, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Han, M (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM mhan3@unl.edu FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) [N0017315P3755]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N000141410139, N000141410456] FX U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) (N0017315P3755); Office of Naval Research (ONR) (N000141410139, N000141410456). NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2016 VL 41 IS 20 BP 4629 EP 4632 DI 10.1364/OL.41.004629 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA EA8AG UT WOS:000386854500007 PM 28005853 ER PT J AU Diehl, JF Urick, VJ AF Diehl, John F. Urick, Vincent J. TI Chromatic Dispersion Induced Second-Order Distortion in Long-Haul Photonic Links SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chromatic dispersion; fiber-optic delay lines; microwave photonics ID FIBER; MODULATORS; COMPENSATION; CONVERSION; SYSTEMS AB Closed form expressions for the theoretical photocurrent of a photonic link with a dispersive fiber are derived for multiple external modulation schemes. These expressions are used to derive the link's output power at both the fundamental and second-order frequencies. Expressions for phase modulation (with and without an asymmetric Mach-Zehnder Interferometer), and both X- and Z-cut LiNO3 intensity modulation are presented and compared. C1 [Diehl, John F.; Urick, Vincent J.] Naval Res Lab, Appl RF Photon Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Diehl, JF (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Appl RF Photon Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.diehl@nrl.navy.mil; vincent.urick@nrl.navy.mil NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0733-8724 EI 1558-2213 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD OCT 15 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 20 BP 4646 EP 4651 DI 10.1109/JLT.2016.2552080 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA EA0BP UT WOS:000386249400004 ER PT J AU Frigo, NJ Hutchinson, MN Peasant, JR AF Frigo, Nicholas J. Hutchinson, Meredith N. Peasant, Jordan R. TI Characterization of Photodiode Nonlinearities by Output Frequency Analysis SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Microwave photonics; nonlinearity; photodiode AB We introduce a new technique for characterizing nonlinear behavior in photodiodes and illustrate its use for second order intermodulation distortion (IMD). For a given operating point (bias voltage and dc current), we construct a frequency-dependent nonlinear coefficient and plot it versus the output frequency of the IMD product. We find that for large ranges of operating points, the nonlinear coefficient falls on the same single curve, regardless of whether it was a sum, high difference, or low difference frequency plan that created the tone. Additionally, we found evidence of scaling: Regions in which changes in the universal curve due to a change in bias voltage can be cancelled by a systematic change in the dc current. That is, the nonlinear coefficients for a family of bias/current pairs fall on the same curve in these regions. This method shows that standard characterization of nonlinearities, such as finding intercept points, can be efficiently organized. Furthermore, it implies that comparison of nonlinear behavior of different photodiodes can be made directly on a uniform basis. C1 [Frigo, Nicholas J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Hutchinson, Meredith N.] US Navy, Res Labs, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Peasant, Jordan R.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Frigo, NJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM frigo@usna.edu; meredith.hutchinson@nrl.navy.mil; rp51@duke.edu FU office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00017315WR00233] FX This work was supported in part by the office of Naval Research (ONR) under Grant N00017315WR00233. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0733-8724 EI 1558-2213 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD OCT 15 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 20 BP 4696 EP 4704 DI 10.1109/JLT.2016.2571668 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA EA0BP UT WOS:000386249400011 ER PT J AU Huggins, TM Whiteley, JM Love, CT Lee, K Lee, SH Ren, ZJ Biffinger, JC AF Huggins, Tyler M. Whiteley, Justin M. Love, Corey T. Lee, Kwangwon Lee, Se-Hee Ren, Zhiyong Jason Biffinger, Justin C. TI Controlled Growth of Nanostructured Biotemplates with Cobalt and Nitrogen Codoping as a Binderless Lithium-Ion Battery Anode SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE filamentous fungi; biotemplate; cobalt; nitrate; lithium ID NEUROSPORA-CRASSA; NITRATE REDUCTASE; ACTIVATED CARBONS; POROUS CARBON; PERFORMANCE; METAL; NANOPARTICLES; BIOMASS; STORAGE; ENERGY AB Biomass can serve as a sustainable template for the synthesis of carbon materials but is limited by the intrinsic properties of the precursor organism. In this study we demonstrate that the properties of a fungal biotemplate can be tuned during cultivation, establishing a new electrode manufacturing process and ultimately improving the electrochemical performance of the biomass-derived electrode. More specifically, the carbon/nitrogen ratio of Neurospora crassa mycelia mats was shifted by 5-fold while generating cobalt nanoparticles into the hyphal structure originating from macroconidia spores. This shift was achieved through nitrate limitation and equal molar concentrations of Mg2+ and Co2+ in the growth media. The resulting mycelia mat was converted via a high temperature pyrolysis process (800 degrees C) to produce a freestanding cobalt and nitrogen codoped electrode material with no postmodification. Ultimately, nitrogen doping resulted in one of the highest recorded specific reversible capacity for a freestanding biomass-derived lithium-ion anode (400 mAh g(-1) at C/10). We observed an additional improvement in capacity to 425 mAh g(-1) with the incorporation of 3 wt % Co. Our results show how shaping the chemical characteristics of an electrode during the growth of the biotemplate allows for sustainable carbon-based material manufacturing from a living (self-assembled) material. C1 [Huggins, Tyler M.; Ren, Zhiyong Jason] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Whiteley, Justin M.; Lee, Se-Hee] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Love, Corey T.; Biffinger, Justin C.] US Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lee, Kwangwon] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol, Camden, NJ 08102 USA. RP Ren, ZJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Biffinger, JC (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Jason.sen@colorado.edu; Justin.biffinger@nrl.navy.mil RI Lee, Sehee/A-5989-2011 FU ONR NURP program FX This work was supported by the ONR NURP program led by Maria Medeiros. We thank-Chris Hong from the University of Cincinnati for providing the wild-type strain and helping establish the initial protocols for culturing and manipulating Neurospora crassa. We also thank B. J. Ward for the BET analysis, the CSU Central Instrument Facility for aiding in material surface analysis, and Thomas Boyd (NRL) for his help with ion chromatography. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 29 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD OCT 12 PY 2016 VL 8 IS 40 BP 26868 EP 26877 DI 10.1021/acsami.6b09300 PG 10 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DY9QD UT WOS:000385469000049 PM 27636014 ER PT J AU Bewley, WW Canedy, CL Kim, CS Merritt, CD Warren, MV Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR Kim, M AF Bewley, W. W. Canedy, C. L. Kim, C. S. Merritt, C. D. Warren, M. V. Vurgaftman, I. Meyer, J. R. Kim, M. TI Room-temperature mid-infrared interband cascade vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MU-M; VCSELS AB We report interband cascade vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (ICVCSELs) that operate in pulsed mode at temperatures up to 70 degrees C. Their emission at lambda approximate to 3.4 mu m extends considerably the previous longest wavelength of 3.0 mu m for an electrically-pumped vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser operating at room temperature. The output from mesas having diameters ranging from 30 to 60 mu m (with emission aperture diameters of 20-50 mu m) is circularly symmetric, and the threshold current densities at T = 25 degrees C are as low as 390 A/cm(2). However, the differential slope efficiencies are low, e.g., <= 50 mW/A at T = 25 degrees C, due to loss in the top and bottom mirrors and reduced current efficiency. The smallest device operates in a single spectral mode despite having an emission aperture much wider than the wavelength. C1 [Bewley, W. W.; Canedy, C. L.; Kim, C. S.; Merritt, C. D.; Warren, M. V.; Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.] Naval Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kim, M.] Sotera Def Solut Inc, 7230 Lee DeForest Dr,Suite 100, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. RP Vurgaftman, I (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM MWIR_laser@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 10 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 15 AR 151108 DI 10.1063/1.4964840 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EA3VI UT WOS:000386534800008 ER PT J AU Antoniadis, J Kaplan, DL Stovall, K Freire, PCC Deneva, JS Koester, D Jenet, F Martinez, JG AF Antoniadis, John Kaplan, David L. Stovall, Kevin Freire, Paulo C. C. Deneva, Julia S. Koester, Detlev Jenet, Fredrick Martinez, Jose G. TI AN ECCENTRIC BINARY MILLISECOND PULSAR WITH A HELIUM WHITE DWARF COMPANION IN THE GALACTIC FIELD SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: stellar content; pulsars: individual (PSR J2234+0611); pulsars: general; stars: neutron; white dwarfs ID ACCRETION-INDUCED COLLAPSE; 3D MODEL ATMOSPHERES; NEUTRON-STAR; EVOLUTION; DISCOVERIES; J1903+0327; SYSTEMS; SPECTROSCOPY; SIMULATIONS; SUPERNOVA AB Low-mass white dwarfs (LMWDs) are believed to be exclusive products of binary evolution, as the universe is not old enough to produce them from single stars. Because of the strong tidal forces operating during the binary interaction phase, the remnant systems observed today are expected to have negligible eccentricities. Here, we report on the first unambiguous identification of an LMWD in an eccentric (e - 0.13) orbit around the millisecond pulsar PSR J2234+0511, which directly contradicts this picture. We use our spectra and radio-timing solution (derived elsewhere) to infer the WD temperature (T-eff = 8600 +/- 190 K), and peculiar systemic velocity relative to the local standard of rest (similar or equal to 31km s(-1)). We also place model-independent constraints on the WD radius (R-WD = 0.024(-0.002)(+0.004) R-circle dot) and surface gravity (log g = 7.11(-0.16)(+0.08) dex). The WD and kinematic properties are consistent with the expectations for low-mass X-ray binary evolution and disfavor a dynamic three-body formation channel. In the case of the high eccentricity being the result of a spontaneous phase transition, we infer a mass of similar to 1.60 M-circle dot for the pulsar progenitor, which is too low for the quark-nova mechanism proposed by Jiang et al., and too high for the scenario of Freire & Tauris, in which a WD collapses into a neutron star via a rotationally delayed accretion-induced collapse. We find that eccentricity pumping via interaction with a circumbinary disk is consistent with our inferred parameters. Finally, we report tentative evidence for pulsations that, if confirmed, would transform the star into an unprecedented laboratory for WD physics. C1 [Antoniadis, John] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Kaplan, David L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1900 East Kenwood Blvd, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. [Stovall, Kevin] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Freire, Paulo C. C.; Martinez, Jose G.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Deneva, Julia S.] Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Koester, Detlev] Univ Kiel, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-24098 Kiel, Germany. [Jenet, Fredrick] Univ Texas Brownsville, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Adv Radio Astron, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA. RP Antoniadis, J (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. EM antoniadis@dunlap.utoronto.ca OI Antoniadis, John/0000-0003-4453-3776; Kaplan, David/0000-0001-6295-2881 FU ESO Telescopes at the Paranal Observatories [093.D-0108(A)]; David Dunlap family; University of Toronto; European Research Council for the ERC Starting grant [AST 1108753]; NASA's Fermi Guest Investigator program FX This work is based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the Paranal Observatories under programme ID 093.D-0108(A). We wish to thank the ESO astronomers-on-duty for the excellent execution of the observations.; J. A. is a Dunlap Fellow at the Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics at the University of Toronto. The Dunlap Institute is funded by an endowment established by the David Dunlap family and the University of Toronto. P. C. C. F. P. F. acknowledges financial support by the European Research Council for the ERC Starting grant AST 1108753. J. S. D. was supported by the NASA's Fermi Guest Investigator program. NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 10 PY 2016 VL 830 IS 1 AR 36 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/830/1/36 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ6ZY UT WOS:000386013600003 ER PT J AU Nelson, W Sprangle, P Davis, CC AF Nelson, W. Sprangle, P. Davis, C. C. TI Atmospheric propagation and combining of high-power lasers: reply SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Editorial Material AB We do not believe that there is any inconsistency between the findings of our paper [Appl. Opt. 55, 1757 (2016)] and the observations of Goodno and Rothenberg [Appl. Opt. 55, 8335 (2016)]. C1 [Nelson, W.; Sprangle, P.; Davis, C. C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Sprangle, P.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Nelson, W (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM wnelson2@umd.edu NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 10 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 29 BP 8338 EP 8339 DI 10.1364/AO.55.008338 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA DZ3AQ UT WOS:000385715900029 PM 27828083 ER PT J AU Mason, JP Woods, TN Webb, DF Thompson, BJ Colaninno, RC Vourlidas, A AF Mason, James Paul Woods, Thomas N. Webb, David F. Thompson, Barbara J. Colaninno, Robin C. Vourlidas, Angelos TI RELATIONSHIP OF EUV IRRADIANCE CORONAL DIMMING SLOPE AND DEPTH TO CORONAL MASS EJECTION SPEED AND MASS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: flares; Sun: UV radiation ID SOLAR-FLARE; CMES; STEREO/EUVI; ENERGETICS AB Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) coronal dimmings are often observed in response to solar eruptive events. These phenomena can be generated via several different physical processes. For space weather, the most important of these is the temporary void left behind by a coronal mass ejection (CME). Massive, fast CMEs tend to leave behind a darker void that also usually corresponds to minimum irradiance for the cooler coronal emissions. If the dimming is associated with a solar flare, as is often the case, the flare component of the irradiance light curve in the cooler coronal emission can be isolated and removed using simultaneous measurements of warmer coronal lines. We apply this technique to 37 dimming events identified during two separate two-week periods in 2011. plus an event on 2010 August 7, analyzed in a previous paper. to parameterize dimming in terms of depth and slope. We provide statistics on which combination of wavelengths worked best for the flare-removal method, describe the fitting methods applied to the dimming light curves, and compare the dimming parameters with corresponding CME parameters of mass and speed. The best linear relationships found are nu(CME) [km/s] approximate to 2.36 x 10(6) [km/%] x s(dim) [%/s] m(CME) [g] approximate to 2.59 x 10(15) [g/%] x root d(dim) [%]. These relationships could be used for space weather operations of estimating CME mass and speed using near-real-time irradiance dimming measurements. C1 [Mason, James Paul; Woods, Thomas N.] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, 3665 Discovery Dr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Webb, David F.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Newton, MA 02458 USA. [Thompson, Barbara J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Colaninno, Robin C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20009 USA. [Vourlidas, Angelos] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20732 USA. RP Mason, JP (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, 3665 Discovery Dr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. EM james.mason@lasp.colorado.edu RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009; OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948; WOODS, THOMAS/0000-0002-2308-6797; Colaninno, Robin/0000-0002-3253-4205 FU NASA SDO project; NASA [NAS5-02140, S-136361-Y]; Navy grant [N00173-14-1-G014]; CNR funds FX The authors thank Jim Klimchuk for discussions about the physical motivation for mass-loss dimming, and Amir Caspi for identifying the need for a new mathematical derivation to establish the expected relationships between dimming and CME parameters. The CDAW CME catalog is generated and maintained at the CDAW Data Center by NASA and The Catholic University of America in cooperation with the Naval Research Laboratory. SOHO is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. This research is supported by the NASA SDO project and NASA grant NAS5-02140. Author D.F. Webb was supported by Navy grant N00173-14-1-G014. Authors R.C. Colaninno and A. Vourlidas were supported by NASA contract S-136361-Y to the Naval Research Laboratory, and CNR funds. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 10 PY 2016 VL 830 IS 1 AR 20 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/830/1/20 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ1XA UT WOS:000385633900003 ER PT J AU Helle, MH Gordon, DF Kaganovich, D Chen, Y Palastro, JP Ting, A AF Helle, M. H. Gordon, D. F. Kaganovich, D. Chen, Y. Palastro, J. P. Ting, A. TI Laser-Accelerated Ions from a Shock-Compressed Gas Foil SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RELATIVISTIC IONS; COLLIMATED BEAMS; PLASMA AB We present results of energetic laser-ion acceleration from a tailored, near solid density gas target. Colliding hydrodynamic shocks compress a pure hydrogen gas jet into a 70 mu m thick target prior to the arrival of the ultraintense laser pulse. A density scan reveals the transition from a regime characterized by a wide angle, low-energy beam (target normal sheath acceleration) to one of a more focused beam with a high-energy halo (magnetic vortex acceleration). In the latter case, three-dimensional simulations show the formation of a Z pinch driven by the axial current resulting from laser wakefield accelerated electrons. Ions at the rear of the target are then accelerated by a combination of space charge fields from accelerated electrons and Coulombic repulsion as the pinch dissipates. C1 [Helle, M. H.; Gordon, D. F.; Kaganovich, D.; Palastro, J. P.] US Navy, Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Chen, Y.; Ting, A.] Res Support Instruments, 4325-B Forbes Blvd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Helle, M. H.] US Navy, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Helle, MH (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Helle, MH (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mike.helle@nrl.navy.mil OI Kaganovich, Dmitri/0000-0002-0905-5871 FU Department of Energy; Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy and the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. We would like to acknowledge helpful discussions with B. Hafizi, S. Bulanov, J. Penano, and A. Zingale. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 10 PY 2016 VL 117 IS 16 AR 165001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.165001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DZ1ZO UT WOS:000385641100002 PM 27792379 ER PT J AU Giles, SL Heller, NWM Clayton, CR Walker, ME Wytiaz, MJ Wynne, JH AF Giles, Spencer L. Heller, Nicholas W. M. Clayton, Clive R. Walker, Mark E. Wytiaz, Mark J. Wynne, James H. TI Novel Methods of Producing Low-Reflectance Coatings Utilizing Synergistic Effects of Polymer Phase Separation SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE polymeric phase separation; domains; Raman spectroscopy; surface roughness; low gloss ID QUATERNARY AMMONIUM BIOCIDES; SURFACE-STRUCTURE BUILDUP; POWDER COATINGS; URETHANE COATINGS; TOPOGRAPHY; GLOSS; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; BEHAVIOR AB Novel methods were developed to generate and characterize surface structures formed from polymer segregation within a powder coating system. A blend of unique acrylic polyol resins and low concentrations of matting agent afforded a durable coating exhibiting consistent low reflectance. An enhanced synergistic effect was observed from the phase separation and domain formation of the two polymeric resins with varying pendent hydroxyl group functionality and the incorporated matting agents. Together the domains and incorporated matting agents produced a significantly lower reflectance coating than the matting agent in combination with either polymeric resin alone. The rigorous thermal, optical, and spectroscopic analysis of the pigmented coating and control coatings culminated in the complete characterization of polymeric phases within the resulting coatings. Raman-analysis of the control coatings via a distinct spectroscopic handle allowed for positive identification of the segregated polymer resins within the coating structure. Domains observed by optical microscopy within the control coating structure were chemically identified via Raman analysis as the high-hydroxyl content resin. Subsequent Raman mapping of the peak intensity over an entire cross-section provided consistent evidence for positive identification of the polymeric composition within the domain. C1 [Giles, Spencer L.; Wynne, James H.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6124,4555 Overlook Ave Southwest, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Heller, Nicholas W. M.; Clayton, Clive R.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Walker, Mark E.; Wytiaz, Mark J.] Sherwin Williams Co, 101 West Prospect Ave, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. RP Wynne, JH (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6124,4555 Overlook Ave Southwest, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM james.wynne@nrl.navy.mil FU SERDP Program [WP-2207]; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Humphreys Engineer Center Support Activity [W912HQ-12-C-0013] FX Funding for this project was provided by SERDP Program Manager Dr. Robin Nissan under WP-2207. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Humphreys Engineer Center Support Activity under Contract No. W912HQ-12-C-0013. The authors express appreciation to Morgan Sibbald for help in preparation of this manuscript. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD OCT 5 PY 2016 VL 8 IS 39 BP 26251 EP 26257 DI 10.1021/acsami.6b06037 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DY2WC UT WOS:000384951800072 PM 27626644 ER PT J AU Yin, P Zhang, JH Mitchell, LA Parrish, DA Shreeve, JM AF Yin, Ping Zhang, Jiaheng Mitchell, Lauren A. Parrish, Damon A. Shreeve, Jean'ne M. TI 3,6-Dinitropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyrazole-Based Multipurpose Energetic Materials through Versatile N-Functionalization Strategies SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE detonation; energetic materials; fused heterocycle; N-functionalization; nitramines ID DENSITY MATERIALS; FRAMEWORKS; SALTS AB A family of 3,6-dinitropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyrazole-based energetic compounds was synthesized by using versatile N-functionalization strategies. Subsequently, nine ionic derivatives of the N,N-(3,6-dinitropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyrazole-1,4-diyl)dinitramidate anion were prepared by acid-base reactions and fully characterized by infrared, multinuclear NMR spectra, and elemental analysis. The structures of four of these compounds were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Based on their different physical and detonation properties, these compounds exhibit promising potential as modern energetic materials and can be variously classified as green primary explosives, high-performance secondary explosives, fuel-rich propellants, and propellant oxidizers. C1 [Yin, Ping; Shreeve, Jean'ne M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Zhang, Jiaheng] Harbin Inst Technol Shenzhen, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Jiaheng] Yokohama Natl Univ, Dept Chem & Biotechnol, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2408501, Japan. [Mitchell, Lauren A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem, 207 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shreeve, JM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jshreeve@uidaho.edu RI Yin, Ping/A-3699-2014 OI Yin, Ping/0000-0002-2870-8225 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-16-1-2089]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA 1-15-1-0028]; CFD Research Corporation; M. J. Murdock Charitable Trust [2014120:MNL:11/20/2014]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [P15349] FX Financial support of the Office of Naval Research (N00014-16-1-2089), the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (HDTRA 1-15-1-0028), the CFD Research Corporation, and the M. J. Murdock Charitable Trust (No. 2014120:MNL:11/20/2014) for funds supporting the purchase of a 500 MHz NMR spectrometer is greatly acknowledged. J. Zhang (ID No. P15349) acknowledges the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) for a JSPS research fellowship. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 13 U2 13 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 EI 1521-3773 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PD OCT 4 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 41 BP 12895 EP 12897 DI 10.1002/anie.201606894 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DZ2ZU UT WOS:000385713200060 PM 27628023 ER PT J AU Hah, J Petrov, GM Nees, JA He, ZH Hammig, MD Krushelnick, K Thomas, AGR AF Hah, J. Petrov, G. M. Nees, J. A. He, Z. -H. Hammig, M. D. Krushelnick, K. Thomas, A. G. R. TI High repetition-rate neutron generation by several-mJ, 35 fs pulses interacting with free-flowing D2O SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-FUSION; DEUTERIUM CLUSTERS; LASER IRRADIATION; SOLID TARGETS; PLASMA; EXPLOSIONS; EMISSION; FEMTOSECOND; ACCELERATOR; DETECTORS AB Using several-mJ energy pulses from a high-repetition rate (1/2 kHz), ultrashort (35 fs) pulsed laser interacting with a similar to 10 mu m diameter stream of free-flowing heavy water (D2O), we demonstrate a 2.45MeV neutron flux of 10(5)/s. Operating at high intensity (of order 10 19 W/cm(2)), laser pulse energy is efficiently absorbed in the pre-plasma, generating energetic deuterons. These collide with deuterium nuclei in both the bulk target and the large volume of low density D2O vapor surrounding the target to generate neutrons through d(d,n)(3) He reactions. The neutron flux, as measured by a calibrated neutron bubble detector, increases as the laser pulse energy is increased from 6 mJ to 12 mJ. A quantitative comparison between the measured flux and the results derived from 2D-particle-in-cell simulations shows comparable neutron fluxes for laser characteristics similar to the experiment. The simulations reveal that there are two groups of deuterons. Forward moving deuterons generate deuterium-deuterium fusion reactions in the D2O stream and act as a point source of neutrons, while backward moving deuterons propagate through the low-density D2O vapor filled chamber and yield a volumetric source of neutrons. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Hah, J.; Nees, J. A.; He, Z. -H.; Krushelnick, K.; Thomas, A. G. R.] Univ Michigan, Ctr Ultrafast Opt Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Petrov, G. M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hammig, M. D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Thomas, A. G. R.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England. [He, Z. -H.] Cymer, San Diego, CA USA. RP Hah, J (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ctr Ultrafast Opt Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. OI Thomas, Alexander/0000-0003-3206-8512 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-12-1-0310, FA9550-14-1-0282] FX The authors would also like to thank Shaun Clarke and the University of Michigan Neutron Science Laboratory for use of the D-D generator. This material is based upon the work supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Young Investigator Program under Award No. FA9550-12-1-0310, and partially supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Award No. FA9550-14-1-0282. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 3 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 14 AR 144102 DI 10.1063/1.4963819 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DZ8WJ UT WOS:000386152800076 ER PT J AU House, T Webb, P Baarson, C AF House, Tyler Webb, Patrick Baarson, Chad TI Massive Hemorrhage from Ectopic Duodenal Varices: Importance of a Multidisciplinary Approach SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 81st Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 21-26, 2016 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol C1 [House, Tyler] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Suffolk, VA USA. [Webb, Patrick; Baarson, Chad] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 EI 1572-0241 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 111 SU 1 MA 2069 BP S987 EP S988 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA EN1IV UT WOS:000395764603367 ER PT J AU Johnston, ZM Johnston, MH Horwhat, JD AF Johnston, Zachary M. Johnston, Mark H. Horwhat, John D. TI Recurrence of Barrett's Esophagus aft er Successful Endoscopic Spray Cryoablation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 81st Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 21-26, 2016 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol C1 [Johnston, Zachary M.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Virginia Beach, VA USA. [Johnston, Mark H.; Horwhat, John D.] Lancaster Gastroenterol Inc, Lancaster, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 EI 1572-0241 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 111 SU 1 MA 470 BP S212 EP S213 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA EN1IV UT WOS:000395764600465 ER PT J AU McLemore, C Gaver, D Jacobs, P AF McLemore, Connor Gaver, Donald Jacobs, Patricia TI A Model for Geographically Distributed Combat Interactions of Swarming Naval and Air Forces SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS LA English DT Article DE campaign; distributed; naval; combat; air; interactions; swarms ID RESOURCE-ALLOCATION; OPERATIONS; ATTRITION AB This article describes the Distributed Interaction Campaign Model (DICM), an exploratory campaign analysis tool and asset allocation decision-aid for managing geographically distributed and swarming naval and air forces. The model is capable of fast operation, while accounting for uncertainty in an opponent's plan. It is intended for use by commanders and analysts who have limited time for model runs, or a finite budget. The model is purpose-built for the Pentagon's Office of Net Assessment, and supports analysis of the following questions: What happens when swarms of geographically distributed naval and air forces engage each other and what are the key elements of the opponents' force to attack? Are there changes to force structure that make a force more effective, and what impacts will disruptions in enemy command and control and wide-area surveillance have? Which insights are to be gained by fast exploratory mathematical/computational campaign analysis to augment and replace expensive and time-consuming simulations? An illustrative example of model use is described in a simple test scenario. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [McLemore, Connor; Gaver, Donald; Jacobs, Patricia] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP McLemore, C (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM csmclemo1@nps.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-069X EI 1520-6750 J9 NAV RES LOG JI Nav. Res. Logist. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 63 IS 7 BP 562 EP 576 DI 10.1002/nav.21720 PG 15 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA EJ2PU UT WOS:000393053500004 ER PT J AU Basu, R Kinnamon, D Garvey, A AF Basu, Rajratan Kinnamon, Daniel Garvey, Alfred TI Graphene and liquid crystal mediated interactions SO LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article DE Graphene; ferroelectric liquid crystals; electro-optic switching; Graphene-conductor; chirality ID CARBON NANOTUBES; ROTATIONAL VISCOSITY; THERMAL MANAGEMENT; TRANSIENT CURRENT; PHASE-CHANGE AB The two-dimensional graphene-honeycomb structure can interact with the liquid crystal's (LC) benzene rings through - electron stacking. This LC-graphene interaction gives rise to a number of interesting physical and optical phenomena in the LC. In this paper, we present a combination of a review and original research of the exploration of novel themes of LC ordering at the nanoscale graphene surface and its macroscopic effects on the LC's nematic and smectic phases. We show that monolayer graphene films impose planar alignment on the LC, creating pseudo-nematic domains (PNDs) at the surface of graphene. In a graphene-nematic suspension, these PNDs enhance the orientational order parameter, exhibiting a giant enhancement in the dielectric anisotropy of the LC. These anisotropic domains interact with the external electric field, resulting in a non-zero dielectric anisotropy in the isotropic phase as well. We also show that graphene flakes in an LC reduce the free ion concentration in the nematic media by an ion-trapping process. The reduction of mobile ions in the LC is found to have subsequent impacts on the LC's rotational viscosity, allowing the nematic director to respond quicker on switching the electric field on and off. In a ferroelectric LC (smectic-C* phase), suspended graphene flakes enhance the spontaneous polarisation by improving the tilted smectic-C* ordering resulting from the - electron stacking. This effect accelerates the ferroelectric-switching phenomenon. Graphene can possess strain chirality due to a soft shear mode. This surface chirality of graphene can be transmitted into LC molecules exhibiting two types of chiral signatures in the LCs: an electroclinic effect (a polar tilt of the LC director perpendicular to, and linear in, an applied electric field) in the smectic-A phase, and a macroscopic helical twist of the LC director in the nematic phase. Finally, we show that a graphene-based LC cell can be fabricated without using any aligning layers and ITO electrodes. Graphene itself can be used as the electrodes as well as the aligning layers, obtaining an electro-optic effect of the LC inside the cell. [GRAPHICS] . C1 [Basu, Rajratan; Kinnamon, Daniel; Garvey, Alfred] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Soft Matter & Nanomat Lab, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Basu, R (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Soft Matter & Nanomat Lab, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM basu@usna.edu FU Office of Naval Research Global [N0001415WX01534]; U.S. Naval Academy FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research Global: [Grant number: N0001415WX01534] and the investment grant at the U.S. Naval Academy. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0267-8292 EI 1366-5855 J9 LIQ CRYST JI Liq. Cryst. PD OCT-DEC PY 2016 VL 43 IS 13-15 SI SI BP 2375 EP 2390 DI 10.1080/02678292.2016.1197429 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA EI1JD UT WOS:000392232300029 ER PT J AU Erdle, NJ Verwiebe, EG Wenke, JC Smith, CS AF Erdle, Nicholas J. Verwiebe, Eric G. Wenke, Joseph C. Smith, Christopher S. TI Debridement and Irrigation: Evolution and Current Recommendations SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA LA English DT Article DE debridement; irrigation; war wounds; blast injuries; trauma ID PRESSURE WOUND THERAPY; DAKINS SOLUTION; SOFT-TISSUE; MODEL; COMPLICATIONS; FRACTURES; BACTERIA; DEVICES; SALINE AB Debridement is an integral step in the orthopaedic management of traumatic wounds, from open soft tissue injuries and routine open fracture care to the management of extensive high-energy blast injuries. While the necessity of debridement has been well established, the level of energy and degree of contamination of blast wounds encountered in recent armed conflict has offered a challenge and a new opportunity for military surgeons to revisit the most recent literature to guide our practice with the best evidence currently available. While the core tenants of removing the nonviable tissue and preserving the viable to maintain the best functional outcome have not changed, new wound care therapies and advances in prosthetics and salvage techniques and the ability to rapidly evacuate casualties have changed the approach to care provided on the front lines. This paper seeks to review the core principles of debridement and guide treatment using evidence-based methods that can be applied to contaminated open injuries on the battlefront and disaster and intentional violence injuries abroad and at home. C1 [Erdle, Nicholas J.; Smith, Christopher S.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Orthopead, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Verwiebe, Eric G.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopead, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Wenke, Joseph C.] US Army Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Smith, CS (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Orthopaed Surg, US Navy, Med Corps, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM christopher.s.smith92.mil@mail.mil NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0890-5339 EI 1531-2291 J9 J ORTHOP TRAUMA JI J. Orthop. Trauma PD OCT PY 2016 VL 30 SU 3 BP S7 EP S10 DI 10.1097/BOT.0000000000000671 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA EH4DX UT WOS:000391722500003 ER PT J AU Galloway, KS Justh, EW Krishnaprasad, PS AF Galloway, Kevin S. Justh, Eric W. Krishnaprasad, P. S. TI Symmetry and reduction in collectives: low-dimensional cyclic pursuit SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE pursuit strategy; cyclic pursuit; constant bearing; shape dynamics; relative equilibria; reduction ID NETWORK AB We investigate low-dimensional examples of cyclic pursuit in a collective, wherein each agent employs a constant bearing (CB) steering law relative to exactly one other agent. For the case of three agents in the plane, we characterize relative equilibria and pure shape equilibria of associated closed-loop dynamics. Re-scaling time yields a reduction of phase space to two dimensions and effective tools for stability analysis. Study of bifurcation of a family of collinear equilibria dependent on a single CB control parameter reveals the presence of a rich collection of trajectories that are periodic in shape and undergo precession in physical space. For collectives in three dimensions, with an appropriate notion of CB pursuit strategy and corresponding steering law, the two-agent case proves to be explicitly integrable. These results suggest control schemes for small teams of mobile robotic agents engaged in area coverage tasks such as search and rescue, and raise interesting possibilities for behaviour in biological contexts. C1 [Krishnaprasad, P. S.] Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Krishnaprasad, P. S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Galloway, Kevin S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Justh, Eric W.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Krishnaprasad, PS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Krishnaprasad, PS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM krishna@umd.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR grant [FA95501010250]; L-3 Communications Graduate Fellowship; ODDR&E MURI2007 program [N000140710734]; ARL/ARO MURI program [W911NF-13-1-0390]; Northrop Grumman Corporation; Office of Naval Research FX This research was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR grant no. FA95501010250; by an L-3 Communications Graduate Fellowship; by the ODDR&E MURI2007 program grant no. N000140710734 (through the Office of Naval Research); by the ARL/ARO MURI program grant no. W911NF-13-1-0390; by a gift from Northrop Grumman Corporation; and by the Office of Naval Research. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-5021 EI 1471-2946 J9 P ROY SOC A-MATH PHY JI Proc. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 472 IS 2194 AR 20160465 DI 10.1098/rspa.2016.0465 PG 21 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EG5RA UT WOS:000391100700015 ER PT J AU Flack, KA Schultz, MP Barros, JM Kim, YC AF Flack, K. A. Schultz, M. P. Barros, J. M. Kim, Y. C. TI Skin-friction behavior in the transitionally-rough regime SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND FLUID FLOW LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Symposium on Turbulence and Shear Flow Phenomena (TSFP) CY JUN 30-JUL 03, 2015 CL Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA HO Univ Melbourne DE Rough wall boundary layer; Roughness function ID TURBULENT-BOUNDARY-LAYER; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; SMOOTH; FLOW AB Results of an experimental investigation of the skin friction for a range of rough surfaces in fully-developed, turbulent channel flow are presented. The fifteen surfaces were generated by grit blasting with various types and sizes of media. The Reynolds number (R-em) for the experiments based on the bulk mean velocity and the channel height spanned from 10,000-300,000. The shape of the roughness function (Delta U+) for all of these surfaces shows self-similarity with an effective roughness height (k(eff)(+)) indicating that a scale does exist to collapse results throughout the entire roughness function. The roughness function displays inflectional behavior in the transitionally-rough regime in a similar manner to the results of Nikuradse for uniform sand. The equivalent sand grain roughness height can be predicted using k(rms) and the skewness (Sk) of the probability density function of the roughness amplitude. A long-wavelength filtering procedure based on the Taylor microscale (lambda) of the roughness is presented, and it is recommended that roughness profiles be filtered at a scale of similar to 100 lambda. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Flack, K. A.; Barros, J. M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Schultz, M. P.; Kim, Y. C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Flack, KA (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM flack@usna.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0142-727X EI 1879-2278 J9 INT J HEAT FLUID FL JI Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow PD OCT PY 2016 VL 61 SI SI BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2016.05.008 PN A PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA EG0TT UT WOS:000390745800004 ER PT J AU Young, TD AF Young, Thomas-Durell TI Is the US's PPBS Applicable to European Post-Communist Defence Institutions? SO RUSI JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The US has exported versions of the Department of Defense's Planning, Programming, and Budgeting System (PPBS) to almost all the legacy defence organisations of former communist states in Central and Eastern Europe to enable them to plan and create modern financial management systems. Thomas-Durell Young traces how these efforts have largely failed to produce viable defence plans, and argues that only by strengthening the influence of policy over programming will this be possible. C1 [Young, Thomas-Durell] Ctr Civil Mil Relat, Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Young, TD (reprint author), Ctr Civil Mil Relat, Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-1847 EI 1744-0378 J9 RUSI J JI RUSI J. PD OCT-NOV PY 2016 VL 161 IS 5 BP 66 EP 75 DI 10.1080/03071847.2016.1253382 PG 10 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA EF6EV UT WOS:000390424800009 ER PT J AU Davis, A Shadyab, A Macera, C Hale, B AF Davis, Anthony Shadyab, Aladdin Macera, Caroline Hale, Braden TI EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIV AND SYPHILIS IN A SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN MILITARY POPULATION SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) Prevention Conference CY SEP 20-23, 2016 CL Atlanta, GA C1 [Davis, Anthony; Shadyab, Aladdin; Macera, Caroline; Hale, Braden] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, HIV AIDS Prevent Program, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 43 SU 2 MA WP 114 BP S186 EP S187 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA EG0BO UT WOS:000390695900222 ER PT J AU Harbertson, J Hale, B Tran, B Shaffer, R AF Harbertson, Judith Hale, Braden Bonnie Tran Shaffer, Richard TI PREVALENCE SELF-REPORTING HIV POSITIVITY BUT HIV TEST NEGATIVE AMONG SIX SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN MILITARIES SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) Prevention Conference CY SEP 20-23, 2016 CL Atlanta, GA C1 [Harbertson, Judith; Hale, Braden; Bonnie Tran; Shaffer, Richard] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def HIV AIDS Prevent Program, San Diego, CA USA. EM judith.harbertson.ctr@mail.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 43 SU 2 MA THP 129 BP S228 EP S228 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA EG0BO UT WOS:000390695900369 ER PT J AU Wijesekera, HW Shroyer, E Tandon, A Ravichandran, M Sengupta, D Jinadasa, SUP Fernando, HJS Agrawal, N Arulananthan, K Bhat, GS Baumgartner, M Buckley, J Centurioni, L Conry, P Farrar, JT Gordon, AL Hormann, V Jarosz, E Jensen, TG Johnston, S Lankhorst, M Lee, CM Leo, LS Lozovatsky, I Lucas, AJ Mackinnon, J Mahadevan, A Nash, J Omand, MM Pham, H Pinkel, R Rainville, L Ramachandran, S Rudnick, DL Sarkar, S Send, U Sharma, R Simmons, H Stafffford, KM St Laurent, L Venayagamoorthy, K Venkatesan, R Teague, WJ Wang, DW Waterhouse, AF Weller, R Whalen, CB AF Wijesekera, Hemantha W. Shroyer, Emily Tandon, Amit Ravichandran, M. Sengupta, Debasis Jinadasa, S. U. P. Fernando, Harindra J. S. Agrawal, Neeraj Arulananthan, K. Bhat, G. S. Baumgartner, Mark Buckley, Jared Centurioni, Luca Conry, Patrick Farrar, J. Thomas Gordon, Arnold L. Hormann, Verena Jarosz, Ewa Jensen, Tommy G. Johnston, Shaun Lankhorst, Matthias Lee, Craig M. Leo, Laura S. Lozovatsky, Iossif Lucas, Andrew J. Mackinnon, Jennifer Mahadevan, Amala Nash, Jonathan Omand, Melissa M. Hieu Pham Pinkel, Robert Rainville, Luc Ramachandran, Sanjiv Rudnick, Daniel L. Sarkar, Sutanu Send, Uwe Sharma, Rashmi Simmons, Harper Stafffford, Kathleen M. St Laurent, Louis Venayagamoorthy, Karan Venkatesan, Ramasamy Teague, William J. Wang, David W. Waterhouse, Amy F. Weller, Robert Whalen, Caitlin B. TI ASIRI An Ocean-Atmosphere Initiative for Bay of Bengal SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID INDIA COASTAL CURRENT; SUMMER MONSOON; MIXED-LAYER; INTRASEASONAL VARIABILITY; SOUTHWEST MONSOON; INTERNAL WAVES; ARABIAN SEA; CIRCULATION; PREDICTION; TURBULENCE C1 [Wijesekera, Hemantha W.; Jarosz, Ewa; Jensen, Tommy G.; Teague, William J.; Wang, David W.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Shroyer, Emily; Nash, Jonathan] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Tandon, Amit; Buckley, Jared; Ramachandran, Sanjiv] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA USA. [Ravichandran, M.] Indian Natl Ctr Ocean Informat Syst, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Sengupta, Debasis; Bhat, G. S.] Indian Inst Sci, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. [Jinadasa, S. U. P.; Arulananthan, K.] Natl Aquat Resources Res & Dev Agcy, Colombo, Sri Lanka. [Fernando, Harindra J. S.; Conry, Patrick; Lozovatsky, Iossif; Sharma, Rashmi] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Agrawal, Neeraj; Sharma, Rashmi] Ctr Space Applicat, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India. [Baumgartner, Mark; Farrar, J. Thomas; Mahadevan, Amala; St Laurent, Louis; Weller, Robert] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Centurioni, Luca; Hormann, Verena; Johnston, Shaun; Lankhorst, Matthias; Lucas, Andrew J.; Mackinnon, Jennifer; Hieu Pham; Pinkel, Robert; Rudnick, Daniel L.; Sarkar, Sutanu; Send, Uwe; Waterhouse, Amy F.; Whalen, Caitlin B.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA USA. [Lee, Craig M.; Stafffford, Kathleen M.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Gordon, Arnold L.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA. [Omand, Melissa M.] Univ Rhode Isl, Narragansett, RI USA. [Simmons, Harper] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Venayagamoorthy, Karan] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Venkatesan, Ramasamy] Natl Inst Ocean Technol, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Wijesekera, HW (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM hemantha.wijesekera@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Leo, Laura/J-9529-2013; Rudnick, Daniel/J-8948-2016; Farrar, John T./F-3532-2012 OI Leo, Laura/0000-0003-4103-6862; Rudnick, Daniel/0000-0002-2624-7074; Farrar, John T./0000-0003-3495-1990 FU U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) in an ONR Departmental Research Initiative (DRI); U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) in Air-Sea Interactions in Northern Indian Ocean (ASIRI); U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) in a Naval Research Laboratory project, Effects of Bay of Bengal Freshwater Flux on Indian Ocean Monsoon (EBOB); NASCar DRI of the ONR; Ministry of Earth Sciences of India; NOAA [NA10OAR4320156] FX This work was sponsored by the U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) in an ONR Departmental Research Initiative (DRI), Air-Sea Interactions in Northern Indian Ocean (ASIRI), and in a Naval Research Laboratory project, Effects of Bay of Bengal Freshwater Flux on Indian Ocean Monsoon (EBOB). ASIRI-RAWI was funded under the NASCar DRI of the ONR. The Indian component of the program, Ocean Mixing and Monsoons (OMM), was supported by the Ministry of Earth Sciences of India. Some of the drifters deployed during ASIRI were funded by NOAA Grant NA10OAR4320156: "The Global Drifter Program." NR 67 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 97 IS 10 BP 1859 EP 1884 DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00197.1 PG 26 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA ED9QR UT WOS:000389208100009 ER PT J AU Brown, BM AF Brown, Beverly M. TI Compliance with Keeping Appointments SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHILDBIRTH EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE compliance; medications; appointments AB The clients in this case client review were from a clinic and outreach program staffed by volunteer health care providers in the Southeastern United States. Of the 60 patients reviewed who met the criteria, 97.5% of clients kept scheduled appointments after the birth of a healthy baby after a position dedicated to appointment compliance was put in place. Compliance was enhanced by calling and making scheduled visits to the client's home. Treating patients with respect was another reinforcement intentionally utilized and helped to facilitate compliance with mother-baby after care, compliance with prescribed medications, and follow-up appointments. C1 [Brown, Beverly M.] Tennessee State Univ, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. [Brown, Beverly M.] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. [Brown, Beverly M.] Minor AIDS Outreach, Nashville, TN 37214 USA. [Brown, Beverly M.] Walls Inc, Beverly, MA 01915 USA. RP Brown, BM (reprint author), Tennessee State Univ, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.; Brown, BM (reprint author), Minor AIDS Outreach, Nashville, TN 37214 USA.; Brown, BM (reprint author), Walls Inc, Beverly, MA 01915 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT CHILDBIRTH EDUCATION ASSOC PI RALEIGH PA 1500 SUNDAY DR, STE 102, RALEIGH, NC 27607 USA SN 0887-8625 J9 INT J CHILDBIRTH EDU JI Int. J. Childbirth Educ. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 31 IS 4 BP 31 EP 32 PG 2 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA EF6GD UT WOS:000390428200010 ER PT J AU Slama, R Long, B Koyfman, A AF Slama, Richard Long, Brit Koyfman, Alex TI The emergency medicine approach to abdominal vascular graft complications SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID ENDOVASCULAR ANEURYSM REPAIR; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; AORTOENTERIC FISTULA; AORTIC-ANEURYSMS; INFECTION; ENDOLEAKS; MANAGEMENT; OCCLUSION; DEVICE AB Introduction: Abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA) is a deadly condition, particularly with rupture. Emergency physicians provide vital frontline care to the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) has become the gold standard for treatment of AAA, but the management of EVAR complications is not well discussed in the emergency medicine literature. Objective of this review: The purpose of this article is to provide an emergency medicine-focused review of the complications of EVAR. Discussion: Although many complications may arise after AAA repair, the most common include aortoenteric fistula, endoleak, limb ischemia, and graft infection. All potential complications should receive vascular surgery consultation and hemodynamic resuscitation. Aortoenteric fistula often presents nonspecifically with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, abdominal pain, and vomiting. Computed tomography with intravenous contrast is required for diagnosis. An endoleak is defined by vascular flow outside of the graft. The optimal diagnostic modality includes triple phase computed tomographic scan (noncontrast, arterial, delayed phase). Limbischemia may occur before 2 months, or in a later period, with symptoms ranging from claudication to complete neurovascular compromise. Graft infection is most commonly due to Staphylococcus aureus, and imaging can suggest the diagnosis. Definitive diagnosis requires tissue or fluid sampling. Through an understanding of these complications, emergency physicians may improve patient outcomes. Conclusions: With the growing use of EVAR, emergency physician exposure to complications of this procedure is increasing. Knowledge of the complication presentations, diagnoses, and management can play an integral role patient care. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Slama, Richard] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, 620 John Paul Jones Cir, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Long, Brit] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, 3841 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Koyfman, Alex] Univ Texas Southwestern Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Emergency Med, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. RP Long, B (reprint author), San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, 3841 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM rslama1@gmail.com; brit.long@yahoo.com; akoyfman8@gmail.com NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0735-6757 EI 1532-8171 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 34 IS 10 BP 2014 EP 2017 DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2016.07.001 PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA EE3RL UT WOS:000389513800022 PM 27519454 ER PT J AU Gruss, A Babcock, EA Sagarese, SR Drexler, M Chagaris, DD Ainsworth, CH Penta, B deRada, S Sutton, TT AF Gruss, Arnaud Babcock, Elizabeth A. Sagarese, Skyler R. Drexler, Michael Chagaris, David D. Ainsworth, Cameron H. Penta, Bradley deRada, Sergio Sutton, Tracey T. TI Improving the spatial allocation of functional group biomasses in spatially-explicit ecosystem models: insights from three Gulf of Mexico models SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODEL; WEST FLORIDA SHELF; FOOD-WEB MODEL; FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; SOUTHERN BENGUELA; MARINE ECOSYSTEM; EXPLOITED ECOSYSTEMS; FISH; ECOSIM; ECOPATH AB Spatially-explicit ecosystem models, such as Ecospace, Atlantis, and OSMOSE, are key tools for achieving ecosystem-based fisheries management in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM). In spatially-explicit ecosystem models, trophic interactions strongly depend on the way functional group biomasses are allocated spatially, which conditions patterns of spatial overlap between predators, prey, and competitors. Here, we review realized and ongoing improvements in the spatial allocation of functional group biomasses in Ecospace and OSMOSE models of the West Florida Shelf ("WFS Reef fish Ecospace" and "OSMOSE-WFS") and in the Atlantis model of the GOM ("Atlantis-GOM"). A habitat capacity model, which defines the spatial distribution of functional groups dynamically based on environmental factors, was introduced in WFS Reef fish Ecospace. Moreover, generalized additive models (GAMs) relating biomasses to environmental predictors were developed to produce distribution maps for Atlantis-GOM and OSMOSE-WFS. WFS Reef fish Ecospace's habitat capacity model itself relies on GAMs to determine relationships between marine organisms and environmental parameters. Ongoing efforts include the development of a sophisticated GAM framework, using carefully chosen environmental predictors and a blending of available fisheries-independent and fisheries-dependent survey data. This GAM framework benefits from insights contributed by empiricists and fishers and will significantly enhance WFS Reef fish Ecospace's habitat capacity model and the distribution maps fed into Atlantis-GOM and OSMOSE-WFS. Ongoing efforts also include the construction of accurate fields of chlorophyll-a and plankton biomasses for WFS Reef fish Ecospace, Atlantis-GOM, and OSMOSE-WFS, employing a blending of ocean observations (satellite and in situ data) and outputs from a biogeochemical model. C1 [Gruss, Arnaud; Babcock, Elizabeth A.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Dept Marine Biol & Ecol, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Sagarese, Skyler R.] Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Sustainable Fisheries Div, 75 Virginia Beach Dr, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Drexler, Michael; Ainsworth, Cameron H.] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, 140 7th Ave South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Chagaris, David D.] Univ Florida, Nat Coast Biol Stn, POB 878, Cedar Key, FL 32625 USA. [Penta, Bradley; deRada, Sergio] Naval Res Lab, Ocean Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Sutton, Tracey T.] Nova Southeastern Univ, Halmos Coll Nat Sci & Oceanog, 8000 North Ocean Dr, Dania, FL 33004 USA. RP Gruss, A (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Dept Marine Biol & Ecol, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM agruss@rsmas.miami.edu FU Florida RESTORE Act Centers of Excellence Research Grants Program [2015-01-UM-522] FX We would like to thank the attendees of the Gulf of Mexico Ecosystem Modeling workshop (GOMEMOw) held in Miami, Florida, on January 15, 2016, for their insightful comments on our work. We are also grateful to M Nuttall for having developed generalized additive models for the deep-water benthic functional groups represented in the Atlantis-GOM model. Last, but not least, many thanks to three anonymous reviewers, whose constructive comments have significantly improved the quality of our manuscript. This work was funded in part by the Florida RESTORE Act Centers of Excellence Research Grants Program, Subagreement No. 2015-01-UM-522. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI PI MIAMI PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA SN 0007-4977 EI 1553-6955 J9 B MAR SCI JI Bull. Mar. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 92 IS 4 BP 473 EP 496 DI 10.5343/bms.2016.1057 PG 24 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA EE4FN UT WOS:000389557800005 ER PT J AU Twerdahl, EH Aranson, NJ Yeo, AL Lancaster, RT Ergul, EA Conrad, MF Kwolek, CJ Patel, VI AF Twerdahl, Eric H., Jr. Aranson, Nathan J. Yeo, Alexander L. Lancaster, Robert T. Ergul, Emel A. Conrad, Mark F. Kwolek, Christopher J. Patel, Virendra I. TI Clinical Outcomes of a Staged Approach to Axillosubclavian Deep Venous Thrombosis Caused by Thoracic Outlet Syndrome SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the New-England-Society-for-Vascular-Surgery CY SEP 23-25, 2015 CL Stowe, VT SP New England Soc Vasc Surg C1 [Twerdahl, Eric H., Jr.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Aranson, Nathan J.] Virginia Mason Med Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Yeo, Alexander L.] Bon Secours Baltimore, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lancaster, Robert T.; Ergul, Emel A.; Conrad, Mark F.; Kwolek, Christopher J.; Patel, Virendra I.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 64 IS 4 BP 1185 EP 1185 PG 1 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA EE3RI UT WOS:000389513400070 ER PT J AU Mokole, EL Adve, RS Goldstein, S AF Mokole, Eric L. Adve, Raviraj S. Goldstein, Scott TI Untitled SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Mokole, Eric L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Adve, Raviraj S.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Goldstein, Scott] ENSCO, London, England. RP Adve, RS (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8985 EI 1557-959X J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 31 IS 10 BP 4 EP 7 DI 10.1109/MAES.2016.161010 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA ED5VS UT WOS:000388921100002 ER PT J AU Godin, OA Zabotin, NA AF Godin, Oleg A. Zabotin, Nikolay A. TI Resonance vibrations of the Ross Ice Shelf and observations of persistent atmospheric waves SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ACOUSTIC-GRAVITY WAVES; INFRAGRAVITY WAVES; SEA-ICE; OCEAN WAVES; DEEP-OCEAN; THERMOSPHERE; MODEL; EARTHQUAKES; MECHANISM; CAVITY AB Recently reported lidar observations have revealed a persistent wave activity in the Antarctic middle and upper atmosphere that has no counterpart in observations at midlatitude and low-latitude locations. The unusual wave activity suggests a geographically specific source of atmospheric waves with periods of 3-10h. Here we investigate theoretically the hypothesis that the unusual atmospheric wave activity in Antarctica is generated by the fundamental and low-order modes of vibrations of the Ross Ice Shelf (RIS). Simple models are developed to describe basic physical properties of resonant vibrations of large ice shelves and their coupling to the atmosphere. Dispersion relation of the long surface waves, which propagate in the floating ice sheet and are responsible for its low-order resonances, is found to be similar to the dispersion relation of infragravity waves in the ice-free ocean. The phase speed of the surface waves and the resonant frequencies determine the periods and wave vectors of atmospheric waves that are generated by the RIS resonant oscillations. The altitude-dependent vertical wavelengths and the periods of the acoustic-gravity waves in the atmosphere are shown to be sensitive to the physical parameters of the RIS, which can be difficult to measure by other means. Predicted properties of the atmospheric waves prove to be in a remarkable agreement with the key features of the observed persistent wave activity. C1 [Godin, Oleg A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Zabotin, Nikolay A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Godin, OA (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM oagodin@nps.edu FU Basic Research Challenge program of the Office of Naval Research [N000141310348]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0821794] FX We are grateful to the Editor, Michael Liemohn, and two anonymous referees for comments and suggestions that helped us to improve presentation. All data for this paper are properly cited and referred to in the reference list. The research reported in this paper was supported by the Basic Research Challenge program of the Office of Naval Research, award N000141310348 and utilized the research computing facility at the University of Colorado Boulder, which is supported by the National Science Foundation, award CNS-0821794. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 121 IS 10 BP 10157 EP 10171 DI 10.1002/2016JA023226 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ED6LA UT WOS:000388965900055 ER PT J AU Lean, JL Meier, RR Picone, JM Sassi, F Emmert, JT Richards, PG AF Lean, J. L. Meier, R. R. Picone, J. M. Sassi, F. Emmert, J. T. Richards, P. G. TI Ionospheric total electron content: Spatial patterns of variability SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; MONOCHROMATIC RADIATION; UPPER-ATMOSPHERE; ROTATING EARTH; SOLAR-ACTIVITY; THERMOSPHERE; DISTURBANCES; ABSORPTION; MORPHOLOGY; LATITUDES AB The distinctive spatial patterns of the ionosphere's total electron content (TEC) response to solar, seasonal, diurnal, and geomagnetic influences are determined across the globe using a new statistical model constructed from 2-hourly TEC observations from 1998 to 2015. The model combines representations of the physical solar EUV photon and geomagnetic activity drivers with solar-modulated sinusoidal parameterizations of four seasonal cycles and solar-modulated and seasonally modulated parameterizations of three diurnal cycles. The average absolute residual of the data-model differences is 2.1 total electron content unit, 1 TECU = 10(16) el m(-2) (TECU) (9%) and the root-mean-square error is 3.5 TECU (15%). Solar and geomagnetic variability, the semiannual oscillation and the diurnal and semidiurnal oscillations all impact TEC most at low magnetic latitudes where TEC itself maximizes, with differing degrees of longitudinal inhomogeneity. In contrast, the annual oscillation manifests primarily in the Southern Hemisphere with maximum amplitude over midlatitude South America, extending to higher southern latitudes in the vicinity of the Weddell Sea. Nighttime TEC levels in the vicinity of the Weddell Sea exceed daytime levels every year in Southern Hemisphere summer as a consequence of the modulation of the diurnal oscillations by the seasonal oscillations. The anomaly, which is present at all phases of the solar cycle, commences sooner and ends later under solar minimum conditions. The model minus data residuals maximize at tropical magnetic latitudes in four geographical regions similar to the ionosphere pattern generated by lower atmospheric meteorology. Enhanced residuals at northern midlatitudes during winter are consistent with an influence of atmospheric gravity waves. C1 [Lean, J. L.; Meier, R. R.; Picone, J. M.; Sassi, F.; Emmert, J. T.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Meier, R. R.; Picone, J. M.; Richards, P. G.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Lean, JL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM judith.lean@nrl.navy.mil OI Sassi, Fabrizio/0000-0002-9492-7434 FU NASA [NNX15AI90G]; Chief of Naval Research FX The Chief of Naval Research funded this work. The Dxt index is provided by the Dcx server of the University of Oulu, Finland, at http://dcx.oulu.fi. The IGS TEC database is available at http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov. NASA grant NNX15AI90G to George Mason University supported P.G.R. and R.R.M. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 121 IS 10 BP 10367 EP 10402 DI 10.1002/2016JA023210 PG 36 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ED6LA UT WOS:000388965900070 ER PT J AU Dymond, KF Budzen, SA Coker, C Chua, DH AF Dymond, K. F. Budzen, S. A. Coker, C. Chua, D. H. TI The Tiny Ionospheric Photometer (TIP) on the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3) SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID ELECTRON-DENSITY; NIGHTTIME IONOSPHERE; OXYGEN AB The Tiny Ionospheric Photometer (TIP) is an ultraviolet nadir-viewing photometer that flew aboard the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC, also known as FORMOSAT-3), which was launched on 14 April 2006. One TIP flew on each of the six COSMIC/FORMOSAT3 satellites; these compact instruments operated exclusively at nighttime and observed the O I 135.6nm emission that is a signature of the decay of the F region ionosphere and, as such, is a diagnostic of the ionospheric state. We describe the TIP instruments and their on-orbit operation. Additionally, some key science highlights of the mission are presented and discussed. C1 [Dymond, K. F.; Budzen, S. A.; Coker, C.; Chua, D. H.] US Navy, Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dymond, KF (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kenneth.dymond@nrl.navy.mil NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 121 IS 10 BP 10614 EP 10622 DI 10.1002/2016JA022900 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ED6LA UT WOS:000388965900087 ER PT J AU Rowland, CE Brown, CW Delehanty, JB Medintz, IL AF Rowland, Clare E. Brown, Carl W., III Delehanty, James B. Medintz, Igor L. TI Nanomaterial-based sensors for the detection of biological threat agents SO Materials Today LA English DT Review ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS SPORES; SINGLE-DOMAIN ANTIBODIES; WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; SENSITIVE DETECTION; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; QUANTUM DOTS; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES; LABEL-FREE; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES AB The danger posed by biological threat agents and the limitations of modern detection methods to rapidly identify them underpins the need for continued development of novel sensors. The application of nanomaterials to this problem in recent years has proven especially advantageous. By capitalizing on large surface/volume ratios, dispersability, beneficial physical and chemical properties, and unique nanoscale interactions, nanomaterial-based biosensors are being developed with sensitivity and accuracy that are starting to surpass traditional biothreat detection methods, yet do so with reduced sample volume, preparation time, and assay cost. In this review, we start with an overview of bioagents and then highlight the breadth of nanoscale sensors that have recently emerged for their detection. C1 [Rowland, Clare E.; Brown, Carl W., III; Delehanty, James B.; Medintz, Igor L.] US Navy, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rowland, Clare E.] CNR, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Brown, Carl W., III] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil FU National Research Council Research Associateship Fellowship through NRL FX The authors acknowledge the Office of Naval Research, the Naval Research Laboratory Nanosciences Institute, and DTRA JSTO MIPR #B112582M. CER acknowledges a National Research Council Research Associateship Fellowship through NRL. NR 124 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-7021 EI 1873-4103 J9 MATER TODAY JI Mater. Today PD OCT PY 2016 VL 19 IS 8 BP 464 EP 477 DI 10.1016/j.mattod.2016.02.018 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ED7CZ UT WOS:000389014600017 ER PT J AU Frazier, WE AF Frazier, William E. TI An ICME informed approach to qualification for additive manufacturing SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Frazier, William E.] Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Frazier, WE (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0883-7694 EI 1938-1425 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 41 IS 10 BP 737 EP 739 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA ED8QK UT WOS:000389135800009 ER PT J AU Copper, C Brensinger, K Rollman, C Clark, A Perez, M Genzman, A Rine, J Moini, M AF Copper, Christine Brensinger, Karen Rollman, Christopher Clark, Alexis Perez, Marlene Genzman, Ashton Rine, Jacqueline Moini, Mehdi TI MEKC-UV as an effective tool for the separation and identification of explosives, high explosives, and their degradation products in environmental samples SO ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE Explosives; Environmental analysis; Mass spectrometry; Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography ID MICELLAR ELECTROKINETIC CHROMATOGRAPHY; NITROAROMATIC EXPLOSIVES; PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID; SOIL ENVIRONMENTS; RANGES; RDX; HMX AB MEKC has been used in conjunction with UV detection for identification and quantitation of high explosives in environmental samples. To ensure the compatibility of the technique with ESI-MS, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a volatile micelle, was used. Separation of EPA Method 8330 Mixes A and B using various concentrations of the micelle showed that the 80 mM solution of PFOA was the optimum concentration for the separation of the explosives. MEKC analysis of explosives with ESI-MS under optimum micelle concentration provided excellent results indicating the compatibility of the method with ESI-MS. Finally, the MEKC-UV method was applied to the detection and quantitation of explosives in various environmental samples including water, sand, and soil. The results demonstrate that the MEKC method described herein is a viable technique for detection of explosives in environmental samples using UV detection, while maintaining the compatibility of the technique with MS detection without any modification to the separation method, if laboratories decided to pursue this route in the future. C1 [Copper, Christine; Clark, Alexis; Perez, Marlene; Genzman, Ashton; Rine, Jacqueline] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Brensinger, Karen; Rollman, Christopher; Moini, Mehdi] George Washington Univ, Dept Forens Sci, 2100 Foxhall Rd NW,Somers Hall, Washington, DC 20007 USA. RP Moini, M (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Forens Sci, 2100 Foxhall Rd NW,Somers Hall, Washington, DC 20007 USA. EM moinim@gwu.edu NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0173-0835 EI 1522-2683 J9 ELECTROPHORESIS JI Electrophoresis PD OCT PY 2016 VL 37 IS 19 SI SI BP 2554 EP 2557 DI 10.1002/elps.201600198 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA ED1HH UT WOS:000388595400015 PM 27434258 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Trone, DW McGraw, S Steelman, RA Austin, KG Lieberman, HR AF Knapik, Joseph J. Trone, Daniel W. McGraw, Susan Steelman, Ryan A. Austin, Krista G. Lieberman, Harris R. TI Caffeine Use among Active Duty Navy and Marine Corps Personnel SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Article DE coffee; tea; cola; energy drink; alcohol; sleep; exercise; demographics; lifestyle characteristics ID ENERGY DRINK CONSUMPTION; MULTIVARIATE GENETIC-ANALYSIS; DOSE-RESPONSE METAANALYSIS; COFFEE CONSUMPTION; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; UNITED-STATES; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; MILLENNIUM COHORT; SLEEP DURATION AB Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) indicate 89% of Americans regularly consume caffeine, but these data do not include military personnel. This cross-sectional study examined caffeine use in Navy and Marine Corps personnel, including prevalence, amount of daily consumption, and factors associated with use. A random sample of Navy and Marine Corps personnel was contacted and asked to complete a detailed questionnaire describing their use of caffeine-containing substances, in addition to their demographic, military, and lifestyle characteristics. A total of 1708 service members (SMs) completed the questionnaire. Overall, 87% reported using caffeinated beverages >= 1 time/week, with caffeine users consuming a mean +/- standard error of 226 +/- 5 mg/day (242 +/- 7 mg/day for men, 183 +/- 8 mg/day for women). The most commonly consumed caffeinated beverages (% users) were coffee (65%), colas (54%), teas (40%), and energy drinks (28%). Multivariable logistic regression modeling indicated that characteristics independently associated with caffeine use (>= 1 time/week) included older age, white race/ethnicity, higher alcohol consumption, and participating in less resistance training. Prevalence of caffeine use in these SMs was similar to that reported in civilian investigations, but daily consumption (mg/day) was higher. C1 [Knapik, Joseph J.; McGraw, Susan; Austin, Krista G.; Lieberman, Harris R.] US Army, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Knapik, Joseph J.; Steelman, Ryan A.] US Army, Publ Hlth Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Knapik, Joseph J.; Austin, Krista G.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Belcamp, MD 21017 USA. [Trone, Daniel W.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), US Army, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA.; Knapik, JJ (reprint author), US Army, Publ Hlth Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA.; Knapik, JJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Belcamp, MD 21017 USA. EM joseph.j.knapik.ctr@mail.mil; daniel.w.trone.civ@mail.mil; susan.m.mcgraw6.civ@mail.mil; ryan.a.steelman.ctr@mail.mil; krista.g.austin.ctr@mail.mil; harris.r.lieberman.civ@mail.mil FU appointment to the Knowledge Preservation Program at the US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM); Army Public Health Center (Provisional) (APHC-Prov); Bureau of Medicine and Surgery [N1335]; Center Alliance for Dietary Supplement Research FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Knowledge Preservation Program at the US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM) and the Army Public Health Center (Provisional) (APHC-Prov) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy, USARIEM, and APHC-Prov. This report was also supported by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, under Work Unit No. N1335, and the Center Alliance for Dietary Supplement Research. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD OCT PY 2016 VL 8 IS 10 AR 620 DI 10.3390/nu8100620 PG 27 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA ED2HT UT WOS:000388665300038 ER PT J AU Holzer, M Frants, M Pasquier, B AF Holzer, Mark Frants, Marina Pasquier, Benoit TI The age of iron and iron source attribution in the ocean SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES LA English DT Article ID IRON(III) HYDROXIDE SOLUBILITY; SOUTH-PACIFIC OCEAN; DISSOLVED IRON; NORTH PACIFIC; ORGANIC-MATTER; DEEP WATERS; DISTRIBUTIONS; MODEL; CONSTRAINTS; PHOSPHORUS AB We use tracers to partition dissolved iron (dFe) into the contributions from each source within a numerical model of the iron cycle without perturbing the system. These contributions are further partitioned according to the time since injection into the ocean, which defines their iron-age spectrum and mean iron age. The utility of these diagnostics is illustrated for a family of inverse model estimates of the iron cycle, constrained by a data-assimilated circulation and available dFe measurements. The source contributions are compared with source anomalies defined as the differences between solutions with and without the source in question. We find that in the Southern Ocean euphotic zone, the hydrothermal and sediment contributions range from 15% to 30% of the total each, which the anomalies underestimate by a factor of similar to 2 because of the nonlinearity of scavenging. The iron age is only reset by scavenging and attains a mean of several hundred years in the Southern Ocean euphotic zone, revealing that aeolian iron there is supplied primarily from depth as regenerated dFe. Tagging iron according to source region and pathways shows that 70-80% of the aeolian dFe in the euphotic zone near Antarctica is supplied from north of 46 degrees S via paths that reach below 1 km depth. Hydrothermal iron has the oldest surface mean ages on the order of middepth ventilation times. A measure of uncertainty is provided by the systematic variations of our diagnostics across the family of iron cycle estimates, each member of which has a different aeolian source strength. C1 [Holzer, Mark; Pasquier, Benoit] Univ New South Wales, Sch Math & Stat, Dept Appl Math, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Holzer, Mark] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Frants, Marina] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Monterey, CA USA. RP Holzer, M (reprint author), Univ New South Wales, Sch Math & Stat, Dept Appl Math, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; Holzer, M (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM mholzer@unsw.edu.au FU Australian Research Council [DP120100674]; Government of Monaco; Scientific Centre of Monaco; Freres Louis et Max Principale Foundation; Cuomo Foundation FX This work was supported by grant DP120100674 from the Australian Research Council (MH). B.P. gratefully acknowledges scholarship support from the Government of Monaco, the Scientific Centre of Monaco, the Freres Louis et Max Principale Foundation, and the Cuomo Foundation. We thank two anonymous reviewers and A. Tagliabue for their comments that helped to improve the manuscript. All iron data used in this study are available from GEOTRACES (http://www.bodc.ac.uk/geotraces/data). NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0886-6236 EI 1944-9224 J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle PD OCT PY 2016 VL 30 IS 10 BP 1454 EP 1474 DI 10.1002/2016GB005418 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EC9IK UT WOS:000388458000005 ER PT J AU Mechtel, DM Jenkins, RB Joyce, PJ Nelson, CL AF Mechtel, Deborah M. Jenkins, R. Brian Joyce, Peter J. Nelson, Charles L. TI Radio frequency switching network: a technique for infrared sensing SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE infrared sensing; photoconductive sensors; radio frequency switching network AB This paper describes a unique technique that implements photoconductive sensors in a radio frequency (RF) switching network designed to locate in real-time the position and intensity of IR radiation incident on a composite structure. In the implementation described here, photoconductive sensors act as rapid response switches in a two-layer RF network embedded in an FR-4 laminate. To detect radiation, phosphorous-doped silicon photoconductive sensors are inserted in GHz range RF transmission lines. By permitting signal propagation only when a sensor is illuminated, the RF signals are selectively routed from lower layer transmission lines to upper layer lines, thereby pinpointing the location and strength of incident radiation. Simulations based on a high frequency three-dimensional planar electromagnetics model are presented and compared to the experimental results. The experimental results are described for GHz range RF signal control for 300- and 180-mW incident energy from 975- to 1060-nm wavelength lasers, respectively, where upon illumination, RF transmission line signal output power doubled when compared to nonilluminated results. The experimental results are also reported for 100-W incident energy from a 1060-nm laser. Test results illustrate real-time signal processing would permit a structure to be controlled in response to incident radiation. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) C1 [Mechtel, Deborah M.; Jenkins, R. Brian; Nelson, Charles L.] US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Joyce, Peter J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mechtel, DM (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM mechtel@usna.edu FU Office of Naval Research [35]; High Energy Laser-Joint Technology Office; [N0014-16-WX-00] FX We would like to thank the Office of Naval Research Code 35, Program Manager Ryan Hoffmann, Grant No. N0014-16-WX-00, and the High Energy Laser-Joint Technology Office for their support, as well as associate professor Cody Brownell for his assistance with the laser experiments and professor Samara Firebaugh for her assistance in assembling the RF switching network and affixing the sensors. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 55 IS 10 AR 107106 DI 10.1117/1.OE.55.10.107106 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA EC6GB UT WOS:000388233400062 ER PT J AU Carroll, TL Rachford, FJ AF Carroll, T. L. Rachford, F. J. TI Chaotic sequences for noisy environments SO CHAOS LA English DT Article ID COMMUNICATION; REDUCTION; SYSTEM; IMPLEMENTATION; FLOWS AB There have been many attempts to apply chaotic signals to communications or radar, but one obstacle has been that there is no effective way to recover chaotic signals from noise larger than the signal. In this work, we create "pseudo-chaotic" signals by concatenating dictionary sequences generated from a chaotic attractor. Because the number of dictionary sequences is finite, these pseudo-chaotic signals are not actually chaotic, but they can still contain some of the desirable properties of chaos. Using dictionary sequences allows the pseudo-chaotic signal to be recovered from noise using a correlation detector and a Viterbi decoder, so the signal can be recovered from noise or interference that is larger than the signal itself. C1 [Carroll, T. L.; Rachford, F. J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Carroll, TL (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Thomas.L.Carroll@nrl.navy.mil; frederic.rachford@nrl.navy.mil NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 EI 1089-7682 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD OCT PY 2016 VL 26 IS 10 AR 103104 DI 10.1063/1.4964348 PG 12 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA EB7OR UT WOS:000387578500004 PM 27802670 ER PT J AU Grabowski, C Degnan, JH Parker, JV Camacho, JF Coffey, SK Delaney, RK Domonkos, MT Intrator, TP Lynn, AG McCullough, J Ruden, EL Sommars, W Weber, TE Wurden, GA AF Grabowski, Chris Degnan, James H. Parker, Jerald V. Camacho, J. Frank Coffey, Sean K. Delaney, Rachel K. Domonkos, Matthew T. Intrator, Thomas P. Lynn, Alan G. McCullough, John Ruden, Edward L. Sommars, Wayne Weber, Thomas E. Wurden, Glen A. TI Parallel Triggering and Conduction of Rail-Gap Switches in a High-Current Low-Inductance Crowbar Switch SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th IEEE Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) colocated with the 20th IEEE Pulsed Power Conference (PPC) CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2015 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE DE Plasma devices; pulse power system switches; spark gaps; trigger circuits; triggering ID VACUUM SPARK GAP; FRX-L; PLASMA AB The field-reversed configuration heating experiment ( FRCHX) was designed to form closed-field-line magnetized target plasmas for magnetoinertial fusion and other high energy density plasma research. These plasmas are in a field-reversed configuration and are formed via a reversed-field theta pinch on an already magnetized background plasma. To extend the duration and temporal uniformity of the pinch, the capacitor bank driving the reversed-field discharge is crowbarred near the current peak. Four parallel rail-gap switches are used on the FRCHX for this application to ensure a low-inductance crowbar discharge path and to accommodate the large magnitude of the discharge current ( often greater than 1 MA). Historically, parallel operation of spark gap switches in a crowbarring arrangement has often proved to be difficult due to the very low voltage present on the bank and across the switches at the time of peak current. In a low-inductance design, triggering can be further complicated by the rapid collapse of what little voltage there is across the switches as soon as the first spark gap begins conduction. This paper reports on the efforts that were made to develop a low-inductance crowbar switch for the FRCHX and to ultimately enable successful triggering and operation of the four parallel rail-gap switches used in the crowbar. The design of the low-inductance parallel switch assembly is presented first, followed by a description of the triggering scheme employed to ensure conduction of all four switches. C1 [Grabowski, Chris; Coffey, Sean K.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Degnan, James H.; Domonkos, Matthew T.; McCullough, John; Ruden, Edward L.] Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Parker, Jerald V.; Camacho, J. Frank; Sommars, Wayne] Leidos Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Delaney, Rachel K.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Intrator, Thomas P.; Weber, Thomas E.; Wurden, Glen A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Magnetized Plasma Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lynn, Alan G.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Grabowski, C (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM t.c.grabowski@ieee.org; james.degnan.2@us.af.mil; jerald.parker.ctr@us.af.mil; j.camacho.ctr@us.af.mil; skcoffe@sandia.gov; rachel.delaney.1@us.af.mil; matthew.domonkos@us.af.mil; alan.lynn@nrl.navy.mil; john.mccullough.9@us.af.mil; edward.ruden@us.af.mil; wayne.sommars.ctr@us.af.mil; tweber@lanl.gov; wurden@lanl.gov RI Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017 OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484 NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 44 IS 10 BP 1997 EP 2012 DI 10.1109/TPS.2016.2572062 PN 1 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB3CP UT WOS:000387239900021 ER PT J AU Turtos, RM Gundacker, S Polovitsyn, A Christodoulou, S Salomoni, M Auffray, E Moreels, I Lecoq, P Grim, JQ AF Turtos, R. M. Gundacker, S. Polovitsyn, A. Christodoulou, S. Salomoni, M. Auffray, E. Moreels, I. Lecoq, P. Grim, J. Q. TI Ultrafast emission from colloidal nanocrystals under pulsed X-ray excitation SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Timing detectors; Hybrid detectors; Materials for solid-state detectors; Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators) ID TIME RESOLUTION; QUANTUM-DOT; TOF-PET; SCINTILLATORS; LUMINESCENCE; NANOPLATELETS; GAIN AB Fast timing has emerged as a critical requirement for radiation detection in medical and high energy physics, motivating the search for scintillator materials with high light yield and fast time response. However, light emission rates from conventional scintillation mechanisms fundamentally limit the achievable time resolution, which is presently at least one order of magnitude slower than required for next-generation detectors. One solution to this challenge is to generate an intense prompt signal in response to ionizing radiation. In this paper, we present colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) as promising prompt photon sources. We investigate two classes of NCs: two-dimensional CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) and spherical CdSe/CdS core/giant shell quantum dots (GS QDs). We demonstrate that the emission rates of these NCs under pulsed X-ray excitation are much faster than traditional mechanisms in bulk scintillators, i.e. 5d-4f transitions. CdSe NPLs have a sub-100 ps effective decay time of 77 ps and CdSe/CdS GS QDs exhibit a sub-ns value of 849 ps. Further, the respective CdSe NPL and CdSe/CdS GS QD X-ray excited photoluminescence have the emission characteristics of excitons (X) and multiexcitons (MX), with the MXs providing additional prospects for fast timing with substantially shorter lifetimes. C1 [Turtos, R. M.; Salomoni, M.] Univ Milano Bicocca, Piazza Ateneo Nuovo 1, I-20126 Milan, Italy. [Polovitsyn, A.; Christodoulou, S.; Moreels, I.] Ist Italiano Tecnol, Via Morego 30, IT-16163 Genoa, Italy. [Polovitsyn, A.; Christodoulou, S.] Univ Genoa, Dept Phys, Via Dodecaneso 33, IT-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Gundacker, S.; Auffray, E.; Lecoq, P.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Grim, J. Q.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Grim, JQ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joel.grim@nrl.navy.mil RI Moreels, Iwan/E-5230-2011; OI Moreels, Iwan/0000-0003-3998-7618; Gundacker, Stefan/0000-0003-2087-3266 FU ERC Advanced Grant TICAL [338953]; Marie Curie Early Initial Training Network Fellowship of the European Community's 7th Framework Programme [PITN-GA-2011-289355-PicoSEC-MCNet]; COST Action Fast [TD1401] FX This work was carried out in the frame of the ERC Advanced Grant TICAL #338953 (PI Paul Lecoq) and the Crystal Clear collaboration. It was also supported by a Marie Curie Early Initial Training Network Fellowship of the European Community's 7th Framework Programme under contract number (PITN-GA-2011-289355-PicoSEC-MCNet) and the COST Action Fast TD1401. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 11 AR P10015 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/11/10/P10015 PG 17 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA EC1OV UT WOS:000387876300015 ER PT J AU Fluke, LM Restrepo, RD Patel, S Hoagland, BD Krevetski, LM Stephenson, JT AF Fluke, Laura M. Restrepo, Ryan D. Patel, Shyam Hoagland, Benjamin D. Krevetski, Lori M. Stephenson, Jacob T. TI Strength and histology of a nanofiber scaffold in rats SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Nanofiber; PLCL; Mesh; Rat; Tissue engineering ID SURGICAL MESH MATERIALS; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; FABRICATION; OPTIMIZATION; REGENERATION; COMPOSITE; MATRIX; REPAIR; MODEL AB Background: Full-thickness soft tissue defects from congenital absence or traumatic loss are difficult to surgically manage. Healing requires cell migration, organization of an extracellular matrix, inflammation, and wound coverage. PLCL (70: 30 lactide: caprolactone, Purac), poly(propylene glycol) nanofibrous scaffolds enhance cell infiltration in vitro. This study compares strength and tissue ingrowth of aligned and unaligned nanofibrous scaffolds to absorbable and permanent meshes. We hypothesize that PLCL nanofibrous grafts will provide strength necessary for physiological function while serving as a scaffold to guide native tissue regeneration in vivo. Materials and methods: Abdominal wall defects were created in 126 rats followed by underlay implantation of Vicryl, Gore-Tex, aligned, or unaligned PLCL Nanofiber mesh. Specimens were harvested at 2, 6, and 12 wk for strength testing and 2, 12, and 24 wk for histopathologic evaluation. Specimens were graded for cellular infiltration, multinucleated giant cells (MNG), vascularity, and tissue organization. Mean scores were compared and analyzed with non-parametric testing. Results: The PLCL grafts maintained structural integrity until at least 12 wk and exhibited substantial tissue replacement at 24 wk. At 12 wk, only the aligned PLCL had persistent cellular infiltration of the graft, whereas both aligned and unaligned PLCL grafts showed the presence of MNG. The presence of MNGs decreased in the aligned PLCL graft by 24 wk. Conclusions: The aligned PLCL nanofiber mesh offers early strength comparable to Gore-Tex but breaks down and is replaced with cellular ingrowth creating a favorable option in management of complex surgical wounds or native soft tissue defects. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Fluke, Laura M.; Restrepo, Ryan D.; Hoagland, Benjamin D.; Krevetski, Lori M.; Stephenson, Jacob T.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Restrepo, Ryan D.; Hoagland, Benjamin D.; Stephenson, Jacob T.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Patel, Shyam] NanoNerve Inc, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Fluke, LM (reprint author), Dept Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM laura.m.fluke.mil@mail.mil FU Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Deputy Surgeon General Clinical Investigations Program Funds [BUMEDCIP1-14-11] FX Thanks to Deborah Rush, Doug Clemmons, Stephanie Gomez, and LTC Christopher Gamble, DVM, USA, the research support and veterinary personnel at the Naval Medical Center Portsmouth Clinical Investigation Departmenrt for assisting with this study. We appreciate the assistance of the Naval Medical Center Portsmouth pathology department, especially Teri Bowmaster, PA, for her time slicing and staining slides for evaluation and pathologist LCDR Anna Woodard, MD, USA. Photo credit (Figs. 2 and 3) to Casey Price of the Visual Information Department at Naval Medical Center Portsmouth. Funding was obtained via grant money provided by Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (BUMEDCIP1-14-11) Deputy Surgeon General Clinical Investigations Program Funds. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 EI 1095-8673 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 205 IS 2 BP 432 EP 439 DI 10.1016/j.jss.2016.06.057 PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA EC2VG UT WOS:000387981700023 PM 27664893 ER PT J AU Durkin, DP Ye, T Larson, EG Haverhals, LM Livi, KJT De Long, HC Trulove, PC Fairbrother, DH Shuai, DM AF Durkin, David P. Ye, Tao Larson, Erik G. Haverhals, Luke M. Livi, Kenneth J. T. De Long, Hugh C. Trulove, Paul C. Fairbrother, D. Howard Shuai, Danmeng TI Lignocellulose Fiber- and Welded Fiber- Supports for Palladium Based Catalytic Hydrogenation: A Natural Fiber Welding Application for Water Treatment SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Natural fiber welding; Lignocellulose; Ionic liquids; Catalyst; Palladium; Nitrate ID PD-CU CATALYSTS; NITRITE REDUCTION; BIMETALLIC CATALYSTS; ACTIVATED CARBON; NITRATE REDUCTION; DRINKING-WATER; GROUNDWATER NITRATE; PROCESS VARIABLES; CELLULOSE; NANOPARTICLES AB In our study, lignocellulose yarns were fabricated via natural fiber welding (NFW) into a robust, free-standing, sustainable catalyst for water treatment. First, a series of powder catalysts were created by loading monometallic palladium (Pd) and bimetallic palladium-copper (Pd-Cu) nanoparticles onto ball-milled yarn powders via incipient wetness (IW) followed by a gentle reduction method in hydrogen gas that preserved the natural fiber while reducing the metal ions to their zerovalent state. Material characterization revealed Pd preferentially reduced near the surface whereas Cu distributed more uniformly throughout the supports. Although no chemical bonding interactions were observed between the metals and their supports, small (5-10 nm), near-spherical crystalline nanoparticles were produced, and a Pd-Cu alloy formed on the surface of the supports. Catalytic performance was evaluated for each Pd-only and Pd-Cu powder catalyst via nitrite and nitrate reduction tests, respectively. Next, the optimized Pd-Cu linen powder catalyst was fiber-welded onto a macroporous linen yarn scaffold via NFW and its catalyst performance and reusability were evaluated. This fiber-welded catalyst reduced nitrate as effectively as the corresponding powder, and remained stable during five consecutive cycles of nitrate reduction tests. Although catalytic activity declined after the fiber-welded catalyst was left in air for several months, its reactivity could easily be regenerated by thermal treatment. Our research highlights how lignocellulose supported metal-based catalysts can be used for water purification, demonstrating a novel application of NFW for water treatment while presenting a sustainable approach to fabricate functional materials from natural fibers. C1 [Durkin, David P.; Fairbrother, D. Howard] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Charles & 34Th St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Ye, Tao; Shuai, Danmeng] George Washington Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Larson, Erik G.; Haverhals, Luke M.] Bradley Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Peoria, IL 61625 USA. [Livi, Kenneth J. T.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [De Long, Hugh C.] Air Force Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Trulove, Paul C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. RP Shuai, DM (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM danmengshuai@gwu.edu OI Shuai, Danmeng/0000-0003-3817-4092 FU Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The George Washington University (GW); Johns Hopkins University Water SEED grant; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX We acknowledge startup funds from the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The George Washington University (GW), and the Johns Hopkins University Water SEED grant. We thank Nathan A. Banek and Prof. Michael J. Wagner of the Department of Chemistry, GW, for liquid N2 adsorption measurements. We are grateful to the Air Force Office of Scientific Research for funding, and Johns Hopkins University and the U.S. Naval Academy for facilities support. Any opinions, findings and conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the views of the U.S. Air Force or the U.S. Navy. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 4 IS 10 BP 5511 EP 5522 DI 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b01250 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA DY0MS UT WOS:000384791500043 ER PT J AU Michael, TS Pinciu, V AF Michael, T. S. Pinciu, Val TI The Art Gallery Theorem, Revisited SO AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL MONTHLY LA English DT Article AB The art gallery theorem asserts that any polygon with n vertices can be protected by at most left perpendicular n/3 right perpendicular stationary guards. The original proof by Chvatal uses a nonroutine and nonintuitive induction. We give a simple inductive proof of a new, more general result, the constrained art gallery theorem: If V* and E* are specified sets of vertices and edges that must contain guards, then the polygon can be protected by at most left perpendicular ( n + 2 vertical bar V*vertical bar + | E*vertical bar) / 3 right perpendicular guards. Our result reduces to Chvatal's art gallery theorem when V* and E* are empty. We give a second short proof of this generalization in the spirit of Fisk's proof of the art gallery theorem using graph colorings. C1 [Michael, T. S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Pinciu, Val] Southern Connecticut State Univ, Dept Math, New Haven, CT 06515 USA. RP Michael, TS (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM tsm@usna.edu; pinciuv1@southernct.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU MATHEMATICAL ASSOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1529 18TH STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-9890 EI 1930-0972 J9 AM MATH MON JI Am. Math. Mon. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 123 IS 8 BP 802 EP 807 DI 10.4169/amer.math.monthly.123.08.802 PG 6 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA EB7XO UT WOS:000387604600005 ER PT J AU Lohmann, AC Evangelista, D Waldrop, LD Mah, CL Hedrick, TL AF Lohmann, Amanda C. Evangelista, Dennis Waldrop, Lindsay D. Mah, Christopher L. Hedrick, Tyson L. TI Covering Ground: Movement Patterns and Random Walk Behavior in Aquilonastra anomala Sea Stars SO BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED RANDOM-WALK; LEVY WALK; FORAGING MOVEMENTS; FLIGHTS; ECHINODERMATA; DISTRIBUTIONS; ASTEROIDEA; PREDATOR; PHYTOPLANKTON; SUCCESS AB The paths animals take while moving through their environments affect their likelihood of encountering food and other resources; thus, models of foraging behavior abound. To collect movement data appropriate for comparison with these models, we used time-lapse photography to track movements of a small, hardy, and easy-to-obtain organism, Aquilonastra anomala sea stars. We recorded the sea stars in a tank over many hours, with and without a food cue. With food present, they covered less distance, as predicted by theory; this strategy would allow them to remain near food. We then compared the paths of the sea stars to three common models of animal movement: Brownian motion, Levy walks, and correlated random walks; we found that the sea stars' movements most closely resembled a correlated random walk. Additionally, we compared the search performance of models of Brownian motion, a Levy walk, and a correlated random walk to that of a model based on the sea stars' movements. We found that the behavior of the modeled sea star walk was similar to that of the modeled correlated random walk and the Brownian motion model, but that the sea star walk was slightly more likely than the other walks to find targets at intermediate distances. While organisms are unlikely to follow an idealized random walk in all details, our data suggest that comparing the effectiveness of an organism's paths to those from theory can give insight into the organism's actual movement strategy. Finally, automated optical tracking of invertebrates proved feasible, and A. anomala was revealed to be a tractable, 2D-movement study system. C1 [Lohmann, Amanda C.; Hedrick, Tyson L.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Evangelista, Dennis] US Naval Acad, Dept Weap & Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. [Waldrop, Lindsay D.] Univ Calif Merced, Div Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Mah, Christopher L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Lohmann, AC (reprint author), Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM alohmann@live.unc.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N0001410109452]; National Science Foundation [IOS 1253276] FX We thank L. Miller, the Miller Lab, and the Integrative Mathematical Physiology group at UNC for their advice and support of this project, and Jonathan Rader for assistance with the statistical analysis. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (grant no. N0001410109452 to TH and 8 others) and by the National Science Foundation (no. IOS 1253276 to TH). NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0006-3185 EI 1939-8697 J9 BIOL BULL-US JI Biol. Bull. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 231 IS 2 BP 130 EP 141 PG 12 WC Biology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EB3IE UT WOS:000387256600005 PM 27820905 ER PT J AU Wolford, MF Myers, MC Hegeler, F Sethian, JD AF Wolford, Matthew F. Myers, Matthew C. Hegeler, Frank Sethian, John D. TI Dynamics of Laser Triggered, Gas-Insulated Spark Gaps During Repetitive Operation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Hydrodynamics; ionization; optical distortion; plasmas; spark gaps ID PULSED ELECTRON-BEAM; OPTICAL-BREAKDOWN; HIGH-VOLTAGE; JITTER; RESISTANCE; SWITCHES; AIR; FILAMENTATION; ULTRAVIOLET; PICOSECOND AB The Electra pulsed power system at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory uses laser triggered SF6 gas-insulated spark gaps to transfer energy to a high power electron beam diode. These 1-MV spark gaps have a charge transfer of 10 mC per shot operating at 5 pules per second (pps) utilizing electrodes with the potential durability of 300 000 pulses. During continuous repetitive switch operation, after a few thousand shots intermittent nonfire events occur with greater frequency approaching 100 000 shots. The nonfire events and the lack of reproducibility and reliability reduce the potential applications for laser triggered spark gaps. Therefore, the temporal evolution and the spatial evolution of the switch dynamics have been examined. Gated camera images, streak camera images, and interferometry are used to characterize the dynamics of single shots to directly compare to the dynamics during continuous operation. The streak camera images indicate that the switch dynamics are dependent on the repetition rate. For single shots and 1 pps operation (9000 continuous shots), no misfires (mistimings or nonfires) are observed in the switch. This observation is concomitant with a consistent and reproducible breakdown position and breakdown dynamics. At 5 pps, the variations in the laser breakdown position (preferentially toward cathode) and the laser breakdown emission intensity are observed. After several thousands of continuous shots, nonfire events are detected in small groups, before normal operation resumes. A temperature differential of at least 22.2 K (40 F) between the SF6 gas at the top of the housing and the bottom of the spark gap housing is observed. The onset of nonfire events is correlated with the hydrodynamic changes, from increased temperature, of the SF6 gas flow within the spark gap. A redesign of the spark gap along with adequate cooling to reduce the hydrodynamic flow and forces of the insulating SF6 gas would mitigate if not eliminate nonfire events. C1 [Wolford, Matthew F.; Myers, Matthew C.; Hegeler, Frank; Sethian, John D.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wolford, MF (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM matthew.wolford@nrl.navy.mil; matthew.myers@nrl.navy.mil; frank.hegeler@nrl.navy.mil OI Wolford, Matthew/0000-0002-8624-1336 FU Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 44 IS 10 BP 2410 EP 2423 DI 10.1109/TPS.2016.2606249 PN 2 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB3BZ UT WOS:000387238100017 ER PT J AU Wang, Z Ramirez, MM Dadashazar, H MacDonald, AB Crosbie, E Bates, KH Coggon, MM Craven, JS Lynch, P Campbell, JR Aghdam, MA Woods, RK Jonsson, H Flagan, RC Seinfeld, JH Sorooshian, A AF Wang, Zhen Ramirez, Marco Mora Dadashazar, Hossein MacDonald, Alex B. Crosbie, Ewan Bates, Kelvin H. Coggon, Matthew M. Craven, Jill S. Lynch, Peng Campbell, James R. Aghdam, Mojtaba Azadi Woods, Roy K. Jonsson, Haflidi Flagan, Richard C. Seinfeld, John H. Sorooshian, Armin TI Contrasting cloud composition between coupled and decoupled marine boundary layer clouds SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE cloud; composition; cloud water; marine; boundary layer; sea salt ID 2011 E-PEACE; AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH; STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS; SOUTHEAST PACIFIC; VOCALS-REX; AIRBORNE MEASUREMENTS; AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS; DATA ASSIMILATION; ORGANIC-ACID; SHIP TRACKS AB Marine stratocumulus clouds often become decoupled from the vertical layer immediately above the ocean surface. This study contrasts cloud chemical composition between coupled and decoupled marine stratocumulus clouds for dissolved nonwater substances. Cloud water and droplet residual particle composition were measured in clouds off the California coast during three airborne experiments in July-August of separate years (Eastern Pacific Emitted Aerosol Cloud Experiment 2011, Nucleation in California Experiment 2013, and Biological and Oceanic Atmospheric Study 2015). Decoupled clouds exhibited significantly lower air-equivalent mass concentrations in both cloud water and droplet residual particles, consistent with reduced cloud droplet number concentration and subcloud aerosol (D-p>100nm) number concentration, owing to detachment from surface sources. Nonrefractory submicrometer aerosol measurements show that coupled clouds exhibit higher sulfate mass fractions in droplet residual particles, owing to more abundant precursor emissions from the ocean and ships. Consequently, decoupled clouds exhibited higher mass fractions of organics, nitrate, and ammonium in droplet residual particles, owing to effects of long-range transport from more distant sources. Sodium and chloride dominated in terms of air-equivalent concentration in cloud water for coupled clouds, and their mass fractions and concentrations exceeded those in decoupled clouds. Conversely, with the exception of sea-salt constituents (e.g., Cl, Na, Mg, and K), cloud water mass fractions of all species examined were higher in decoupled clouds relative to coupled clouds. Satellite and Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System-based reanalysis data are compared with each other, and the airborne data to conclude that limitations in resolving boundary layer processes in a global model prevent it from accurately quantifying observed differences between coupled and decoupled cloud composition. C1 [Wang, Zhen; Ramirez, Marco Mora; Dadashazar, Hossein; MacDonald, Alex B.; Aghdam, Mojtaba Azadi; Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Crosbie, Ewan] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Crosbie, Ewan] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA. [Bates, Kelvin H.; Coggon, Matthew M.; Craven, Jill S.; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Lynch, Peng; Campbell, James R.] US Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Woods, Roy K.; Jonsson, Haflidi] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Sorooshian, A (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.; Sorooshian, A (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM armin@email.arizona.edu RI Campbell, James/C-4884-2012; Coggon, Matthew/I-8604-2016; OI Campbell, James/0000-0003-0251-4550; Coggon, Matthew/0000-0002-5763-1925; Sorooshian, Armin/0000-0002-2243-2264 FU ONR [N00014-11-1-0783, N00014-10-1-0200, N00014-04-1-0118, N00014-10-1-0811, N00014-16-1-2567]; NSF [AGS-1008848] FX This work was funded by ONR grants N00014-11-1-0783, N00014-10-1-0200, N00014-04-1-0118, N00014-10-1-0811, and N00014-16-1-2567 and NSF grant AGS-1008848. Field campaign data used for this study can be obtained at u.arizona.edu/similar to armin, and questions about those data should be directed to the corresponding author (armin@email.arizona.edu). The NAAPS reanalysis data are available at http://usgodae.org/cgi-bin/datalist.pl?dset=nrl_naaps_reanalysis & the data on that server are updated as model improvements are made and reruns are completed. CALIOP data are available at the following website: https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 121 IS 19 BP 11679 EP 11691 DI 10.1002/2016JD025695 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EA9PK UT WOS:000386976100026 ER PT J AU Dasgupta, A Clark, RW Ouart, N Giuliani, J Velikovich, A Ampleford, DJ Hansen, SB Jennings, C Harvey-Thompson, AJ Jones, B Flanagan, TM Bell, KS Apruzese, JP Fournier, KB Scott, HA May, MJ Barrios, MA Colvin, JD Kemp, GE AF Dasgupta, A. Clark, R. W. Ouart, N. Giuliani, J. Velikovich, A. Ampleford, D. J. Hansen, S. B. Jennings, C. Harvey-Thompson, A. J. Jones, B. Flanagan, T. M. Bell, K. S. Apruzese, J. P. Fournier, K. B. Scott, H. A. May, M. J. Barrios, M. A. Colvin, J. D. Kemp, G. E. TI A non-LTE analysis of high energy density Kr plasmas on Z and NIF SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Radiation from High Energy Density Plasmas (RHEDP) CY JUN 09-12, 2015 CL Stateline, NV ID Z-PINCH PLASMAS; X-RAY; SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS; SHELL RADIATION; ATOMIC-NUMBER; Z MACHINE; EMISSION; IMPLOSIONS; TRANSPORT; PHYSICS AB Multi-keV X-ray radiation sources have a wide range of applications, from biomedical studies and research on thermonuclear fusion to materials science and astrophysics. The refurbished Z pulsed power machine at the Sandia National Laboratories produces intense multi-keV X-rays from argon Z-pinches, but for a krypton Z-pinch, the yield decreases much faster with atomic number ZA than similar sources on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) laser at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. To investigate whether fundamental energy deposition differences between pulsed power and lasers could account for the yield differences, we consider the Kr plasma on the two machines. The analysis assumes the plasma not in local thermodynamic equilibrium, with a detailed coupling between the hydrodynamics, the radiation field, and the ionization physics. While for the plasma parameters of interest the details of krypton's M-shell are not crucial, both the L-shell and the K-shell must be modeled in reasonable detail, including the state-specific dielectronic recombination processes that significantly affect Kr's ionization balance and the resulting X-ray spectrum. We present a detailed description of the atomic model, provide synthetic K-and L-shell spectra, and compare these with the available experimental data from the Z-machine and from NIF to show that the K-shell yield behavior versus ZA is indeed related to the energy input characteristics. This work aims at understanding the probable causes that might explain the differences in the X-ray conversion efficiencies of several radiation sources on Z and NIF. C1 [Dasgupta, A.; Ouart, N.; Giuliani, J.; Velikovich, A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Clark, R. W.] Berkeley Res Associates Inc, 6551 Mid Cities Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ampleford, D. J.; Hansen, S. B.; Jennings, C.; Harvey-Thompson, A. J.; Jones, B.; Flanagan, T. M.; Bell, K. S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Apruzese, J. P.] Engility Corp, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. [Fournier, K. B.; Scott, H. A.; May, M. J.; Barrios, M. A.; Colvin, J. D.; Kemp, G. E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Dasgupta, A (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Velikovich, Alexander/0000-0002-2782-6246 NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 101208 DI 10.1063/1.4965243 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500014 ER PT J AU Giuliani, JL Safronova, AS AF Giuliani, John L. Safronova, Alla S. TI Preface: Radiation from high energy density plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Giuliani, John L.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Safronova, Alla S.] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Giuliani, JL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 101101 DI 10.1063/1.4965246 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500006 ER PT J AU Harvey-Thompson, AJ Jennings, CA Jones, B Apruzese, JP Ampleford, DJ Lamppa, DC Coverdale, CA Cuneo, ME Giuliani, JL Hansen, SB Jones, MC Moore, NW Rochau, GA Thornhill, JW AF Harvey-Thompson, A. J. Jennings, C. A. Jones, B. Apruzese, J. P. Ampleford, D. J. Lamppa, D. C. Coverdale, C. A. Cuneo, M. E. Giuliani, J. L. Hansen, S. B. Jones, M. C. Moore, N. W. Rochau, G. A. Thornhill, J. W. TI Investigating the effect of adding an on-axis jet to Ar gas puff Z pinches on Z SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Radiation from High Energy Density Plasmas (RHEDP) CY JUN 09-12, 2015 CL Stateline, NV ID K-SHELL EMISSION; X-RAY; RADIATION; IMPLOSIONS; SIMULATIONS; DIAGNOSTICS; PHYSICS AB Double-shell Ar gas puff implosions driven by 16.5 +/- 0.5 MA on the Z generator at Sandia National Laboratories are very effective emitters of Ar K-shell radiation (photon energy >3 keV), producing yields of 330 +/- 9% kJ [B. Jones et al., Phys. Plasmas 22, 020706 (2015)]. Previous simulations and experiments have reported dramatic increases in K-shell yields when adding an on-axis jet to double shell gas puffs for some configurations. We report on a series of experiments on Z testing Ar gas puff configurations with and without an on-axis jet guided by 3D magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. Adding an on-axis jet was found to significantly improve the performance of some, but not all, configurations. The maximum observed K-shell yield of 375 +/- 9% kJ was produced with a configuration that rapidly imploded onto an on-axis jet. A dramatic difference was observed in the plasma conditions at stagnation when a jet was used, producing a narrower stagnation column in experiments with a higher density but relatively lower electron temperature. The MHD simulations accurately reproduce the experimental measurements. The conversion efficiency for electrical energy delivered to the load to K-shell x-rays is estimated to be similar to 12.5% for the best-performing configuration, similar to the best results from experiments at smaller facilities. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Harvey-Thompson, A. J.; Jennings, C. A.; Jones, B.; Ampleford, D. J.; Lamppa, D. C.; Coverdale, C. A.; Cuneo, M. E.; Hansen, S. B.; Jones, M. C.; Moore, N. W.; Rochau, G. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Apruzese, J. P.; Giuliani, J. L.; Thornhill, J. W.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Apruzese, J. P.] Engility Corp, Naval Res Lab, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. RP Harvey-Thompson, AJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 101203 DI 10.1063/1.4965234 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500009 ER PT J AU Ouart, ND de Grouchy, PWL Qi, N Giuliani, JL Dasgupta, A Shelkovenko, TA Pikuz, SA Hammer, DA Kusse, BR Apruzese, JP Clark, RW AF Ouart, N. D. de Grouchy, P. W. L. Qi, N. Giuliani, J. L. Dasgupta, A. Shelkovenko, T. A. Pikuz, S. A. Hammer, D. A. Kusse, B. R. Apruzese, J. P. Clark, R. W. TI Radiative properties of argon gas puff z-pinch implosions on COBRA SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Radiation from High Energy Density Plasmas (RHEDP) CY JUN 09-12, 2015 CL Stateline, NV ID PHOTON-ESCAPE PROBABILITIES; X-RAY; EMISSION; ALUMINUM; PLASMAS; GENERATORS; EQUATION AB Spatially resolved and time-integrated x-ray spectroscopy, combined with modeling of the spectra with detailed radiation kinetics and transport, is a powerful method to study the conditions in a hot moving plasma. K-shell argon spectra were measured from gas puff implosions with different center jet masses on the 1 MA COBRA generator at Cornell University. The outer to inner plenum pressures (1 and 3 psia, respectively) were the same for all shots producing an outer to inner mass ratio of 1:1. This paper uses non-local thermodynamic equilibrium kinetic modeling to infer the ion density, electron temperature, K-shell radiating mass, and K-shell powers from stagnating argon gas puff z-pinch implosion. We find that the implosions with a center jet produced bright spot regions of plasma with higher temperature and density than those without a jet. C1 [Ouart, N. D.; Giuliani, J. L.; Dasgupta, A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [de Grouchy, P. W. L.; Qi, N.; Shelkovenko, T. A.; Pikuz, S. A.; Hammer, D. A.; Kusse, B. R.] Cornell Univ, Plasma Studies Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Apruzese, J. P.] NRL Engil Corp, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. [Clark, R. W.] Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [de Grouchy, P. W. L.] Imperial Coll London, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Qi, N.] L3 Appl Technol Inc, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA. [Shelkovenko, T. A.; Pikuz, S. A.] PN Lebedev Inst, Moscow 119991, Russia. RP Ouart, ND (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Pikuz, Sergey/M-8231-2015; Shelkovenko, Tatiana/M-8254-2015 NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 101202 DI 10.1063/1.4965244 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500008 ER PT J AU Smalyuk, VA Robey, HF Doppner, T Casey, DT Clark, DS Jones, OS Milovich, JL Peterson, JL Bachmann, B Baker, KL Benedetti, LR Hopkins, LFB Bionta, R Bond, E Bradley, DK Callahan, DA Celliers, PM Cerjan, C Chen, KC Goyon, C Grim, G Dixit, SN Eckart, MJ Edwards, MJ Farrell, M Fittinghoff, DN Frenje, JA Gatu-Johnson, M Gharibyan, N Haan, SW Hamza, AV Hartouni, E Hatarik, R Havre, M Hohenberger, M Hoover, D Hurricane, OA Izumi, N Jancaitis, KS Khan, SF Knauer, JP Kroll, JJ Kyrala, G Lafortune, KN Landen, OL Ma, T MacGowan, BJ MacPhee, AG Mauldin, M Merrill, FE Moore, AS Nagel, S Nikroo, A Pak, A Patel, PK Ralph, JE Sayre, DB Shaughnessy, D Spears, BK Tommasini, R Turnbull, DP Velikovich, AL Volegov, PL Weber, CR Widmayer, CC Yeamans, C AF Smalyuk, V. A. Robey, H. F. Doppner, T. Casey, D. T. Clark, D. S. Jones, O. S. Milovich, J. L. Peterson, J. L. Bachmann, B. Baker, K. L. Benedetti, L. R. Hopkins, L. F. Berzak Bionta, R. Bond, E. Bradley, D. K. Callahan, D. A. Celliers, P. M. Cerjan, C. Chen, K. -C. Goyon, C. Grim, G. Dixit, S. N. Eckart, M. J. Edwards, M. J. Farrell, M. Fittinghoff, D. N. Frenje, J. A. Gatu-Johnson, M. Gharibyan, N. Haan, S. W. Hamza, A. V. Hartouni, E. Hatarik, R. Havre, M. Hohenberger, M. Hoover, D. Hurricane, O. A. Izumi, N. Jancaitis, K. S. Khan, S. F. Knauer, J. P. Kroll, J. J. Kyrala, G. Lafortune, K. N. Landen, O. L. Ma, T. MacGowan, B. J. MacPhee, A. G. Mauldin, M. Merrill, F. E. Moore, A. S. Nagel, S. Nikroo, A. Pak, A. Patel, P. K. Ralph, J. E. Sayre, D. B. Shaughnessy, D. Spears, B. K. Tommasini, R. Turnbull, D. P. Velikovich, A. L. Volegov, P. L. Weber, C. R. Widmayer, C. C. Yeamans, C. TI Experimental results of radiation-driven, layered deuterium-tritium implosions with adiabat-shaped drives at the National Ignition Facility SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; TAILORED DENSITY PROFILES; TAYLOR INSTABILITY; SHOCK AB Radiation-driven, layered deuterium-tritium (DT) implosions were carried out using 3-shock and 4-shock "adiabat-shaped" drives and plastic ablators on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) [E. M. Campbell et al., AIP Conf. Proc. 429, 3 (1998)]. The purpose of these shots was to gain further understanding on the relative performance of the low-foot implosions of the National Ignition Campaign [M. J. Edwards et al., Phys. Plasmas 20, 070501 (2013)] versus the subsequent high-foot implosions [T. Doppner et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 055001 (2015)]. The neutron yield performance in the experiment with the 4-shock adiabat-shaped drive was improved by factors similar to 3 to similar to 10, compared to five companion low-foot shots despite large low-mode asymmetries of DT fuel, while measured compression was similar to its low-foot companions. This indicated that the dominant degradation source for low-foot implosions was ablation-front instability growth, since adiabat shaping significantly stabilized this growth. For the experiment with the low-power 3-shock adiabat-shaped drive, the DT fuel compression was significantly increased, by similar to 25% to similar to 36%, compared to its companion high-foot implosions. The neutron yield increased by similar to 20%, lower than the increase of similar to 50% estimated from one-dimensional scaling, suggesting the importance of residual instabilities and asymmetries. For the experiment with the high-power, 3-shock adiabat-shaped drive, the DT fuel compression was slightly increased by similar to 14% compared to its companion high-foot experiments. However, the compression was reduced compared to the lower-power 3-shock adiabat-shaped drive, correlated with the increase of hot electrons that hypothetically can be responsible for reduced compression in high-power adiabat-shaped experiments as well as in high-foot experiments. The total neutron yield in the high-power 3-shock adiabat-shaped shot N150416 was 8.5 x 10(15) +/- 0.2 x 10(15), with the fuel areal density of 0.90 +/- 0.07 g/cm(2), corresponding to the ignition threshold factor parameter IFTX (calculated without alpha heating) of 0.34 +/- 0.03 and the yield amplification due to the alpha heating of 2.4 +/- 0.2. The performance parameters were among the highest of all shots on NIF and the closest to ignition at this time, based on the IFTX metric. The follow-up experiments were proposed to continue testing physics hypotheses, to measure implosion reproducibility, and to improve quantitative understanding on present implosion results. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Smalyuk, V. A.; Robey, H. F.; Doppner, T.; Casey, D. T.; Clark, D. S.; Jones, O. S.; Milovich, J. L.; Peterson, J. L.; Bachmann, B.; Baker, K. L.; Benedetti, L. R.; Hopkins, L. F. Berzak; Bionta, R.; Bond, E.; Bradley, D. K.; Callahan, D. A.; Celliers, P. M.; Cerjan, C.; Goyon, C.; Grim, G.; Dixit, S. N.; Eckart, M. J.; Edwards, M. J.; Fittinghoff, D. N.; Gharibyan, N.; Haan, S. W.; Hamza, A. V.; Hartouni, E.; Hatarik, R.; Hurricane, O. A.; Izumi, N.; Jancaitis, K. S.; Khan, S. F.; Kroll, J. J.; Lafortune, K. N.; Landen, O. L.; Ma, T.; MacGowan, B. J.; MacPhee, A. G.; Moore, A. S.; Nagel, S.; Nikroo, A.; Pak, A.; Patel, P. K.; Ralph, J. E.; Sayre, D. B.; Shaughnessy, D.; Spears, B. K.; Tommasini, R.; Turnbull, D. P.; Weber, C. R.; Widmayer, C. C.; Yeamans, C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Chen, K. -C.; Farrell, M.; Havre, M.; Hoover, D.; Mauldin, M.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Frenje, J. A.; Gatu-Johnson, M.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Hohenberger, M.; Knauer, J. P.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Kyrala, G.; Merrill, F. E.; Volegov, P. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Velikovich, A. L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Smalyuk, VA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. OI Peterson, Luc/0000-0002-5167-5708 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; General Atomics [DE-NA0001808] FX The authors would like to thank K. Anderson, R. Betti, V. N. Goncharov, J. D. Lindl, and D. Shvarts for useful discussions. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344 and by General Atomics under Contract No. DE-NA0001808. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 102703 DI 10.1063/1.4964919 PG 19 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500067 ER PT J AU Tangri, V Harvey-Thompson, AJ Giuliani, JL Thornhill, JW Velikovich, AL Apruzese, JP Ouart, ND Dasgupta, A Jones, B Jennings, CA AF Tangri, V. Harvey-Thompson, A. J. Giuliani, J. L. Thornhill, J. W. Velikovich, A. L. Apruzese, J. P. Ouart, N. D. Dasgupta, A. Jones, B. Jennings, C. A. TI Simulations of Ar gas-puff Z-pinch radiation sources with double shells and central jets on the Z generator SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Radiation from High Energy Density Plasmas (RHEDP) CY JUN 09-12, 2015 CL Stateline, NV ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; MODELING ASSESSMENT; Z MACHINE; X-RAY; EMISSION; IMPLOSIONS; TRANSPORT; NOZZLE; CODE; MA AB Radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations using the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium Mach2-Tabular Collisional-Radiative Equilibrium code in (r, z) geometry are performed for two pairs of recent Ar gas-puff Z-pinch experiments on the refurbished Z generator with an 8 cm diameter nozzle. One pair of shots had an outer-to-inner shell mass ratio of 1:1.6 and a second pair had a ratio of 1:1. In each pair, one of the shots had a central jet. The experimental trends in the Ar Kshell yield and power are reproduced in the calculations. However, the K-shell yield and power are significantly lower than the other three shots for the case of a double-shell puff of 1:1 mass ratio and no central jet configuration. Further simulations of a hypothetical experiment with the same relative density profile of this configuration, but higher total mass, show that the coupled energy from the generator and the K-shell yield can be increased to levels achieved in the other three configurations, but not the K-shell power. Based on various measures of effective plasma radius, the compression in the 1:1 mass ratio and no central jet case is found to be less because the plasma inside the magnetic piston is hotter and of lower density. Because of the reduced density, and the reduced radiation cooling (which is proportional to the square of the density), the core plasma is hotter. Consequently, for the 1:1 outer-to-inner shell mass ratio, the load mass controls the yield and the center jet controls the power. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Tangri, V.] Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Harvey-Thompson, A. J.; Jones, B.; Jennings, C. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Giuliani, J. L.; Thornhill, J. W.; Velikovich, A. L.; Ouart, N. D.; Dasgupta, A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Apruzese, J. P.] NRL Engil Corp, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. RP Tangri, V (reprint author), Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. OI Velikovich, Alexander/0000-0002-2782-6246 NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 101201 DI 10.1063/1.4965235 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500007 ER PT J AU Gough, MK Reniers, A Olascoaga, MJ Haus, BK MacMahan, J Paduan, J Haile, C AF Gough, Matt K. Reniers, Ad Olascoaga, M. Josefina Haus, Brian K. MacMahan, Jamie Paduan, Jeff Halle, Chris TI Lagrangian Coherent Structures in a coastal upwelling environment SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Lagrangian Coherent Structures; Upwelling front; High frequency radar; Finite Time Lyapunov Exponents; Filaments; Surface mixed layer ID SURFACE CURRENT MEASUREMENTS; CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; OCEAN DYNAMICS EXPERIMENT; HF-RADAR; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; MONTEREY BAY; TRANSITION ZONE; BOUNDARY-LAYER; WATER MASSES; CURRENTS AB A unique spatiotemporal perspective of evolving surface currents off the northern California coast is provided with Lagrangian Coherent Structures (LCSs) determined from attracting Finite-Time Lyapunov Exponents (FTLEs). The FTLEs are calculated from hourly 2-D surface current velocities obtained with HF radars. Attracting FTLE field maxima can identify confluence and shear in flows which can be useful in mapping dynamics associated with fronts. FTLE and SST fields are compared during three time periods in 2009: late March, early September, and late September. During strong upwelling-favorable winds in late March the FTLE and SST fields were not strongly related indicating that frontal dynamics were not strongly influencing surface circulation. Exceptions to this occurred when FTLE ridges calculated from a shorter integration period captured the evolution of a cold water filament and when a FILE ridge migrated offshore along with an upwelling front. During the two September cases an improved relationship between the FTLE and SST fields was found although occasionally they became shifted. The shifts occurred when the FTLE integration period spanned backwards in time through periods of relaxed and upwelling-favorable winds. This suggests that frontal dynamics captured by LCSs during relaxed winds can subsequently become advected after the onset of wind-forcing by a surface mixed layer decoupled from stably stratified water below the surface mixed layer. Additionally, the LCSs were found to be useful in mapping the origin and destination of surface trajectories, the confluence associated with a persistent eddy-like feature, and retention zones off coastal promontories. C1 [Gough, Matt K.; Olascoaga, M. Josefina; Haus, Brian K.] Univ Miami, RSMAS, Miami, FL 33132 USA. [Reniers, Ad] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Hydraul Engn, Delft, Netherlands. [MacMahan, Jamie; Paduan, Jeff] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA USA. [Halle, Chris] UC Davis Bodega Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA USA. RP Gough, MK (reprint author), Univ Miami, RSMAS, Miami, FL 33132 USA. EM mgough@rsmas.miami.edu FU NOAA IOOS program FX Useful suggestions from anonymous reviewers and the associate editor at Continental Shelf Research are greatly appreciated. The HF radar maintenance and data collection was performed by personnel from UC Davis/Bodega Marine Lab (UCD-BML) and San Francisco State University/Romberg Tiburon Center (SFSU-RTC) which includes John Largier, Toby Garfield, Deedee Shideler, Marcel Losekout, Jim Pettigrew, Max Hubbard and Dwight Peterson. Javier Beron-Vera (University of Miami - RSMAS) provided invaluable feedback on LCS applications. Bob Evans (University of Miami - RSMAS) provided insight on obtaining MODIS satellite data. Rachel Fontana (UCD-BML) graciously shared data, analyses, and knowledge on fronts in the region. During this writing, HF radar data archiving, collection and analyses have been supported by the NOAA IOOS program. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-4343 EI 1873-6955 J9 CONT SHELF RES JI Cont. Shelf Res. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 128 BP 36 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.csr.2016.09.007 PG 15 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA EA9UO UT WOS:000386990400004 ER PT J AU Gentry, SE Hirose, R Mulligan, D AF Gentry, Sommer E. Hirose, Ryutaro Mulligan, David TI Resolving Misconceptions About Liver Allocation and Redistricting Methodology SO JAMA SURGERY LA English DT Letter C1 [Gentry, Sommer E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Gentry, Sommer E.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, 572-C Holloway Rd,Mailstop 9E, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Gentry, Sommer E.] Minneapolis Med Res Fdn Inc, Sci Registry Transplant Recipients, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Hirose, Ryutaro] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA USA. [Mulligan, David] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. RP Gentry, SE (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, 572-C Holloway Rd,Mailstop 9E, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM gentry@usna.edu NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6254 EI 2168-6262 J9 JAMA SURG JI JAMA Surg. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 151 IS 10 BP 991 EP 992 DI 10.1001/jamasurg.2016.1315 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA EA5WS UT WOS:000386696200028 PM 27333440 ER PT J AU Cortez, MI Medynets, K AF Isabel Cortez, Maria Medynets, Konstantin TI Orbit equivalence rigidity of equicontinuous systems SO JOURNAL OF THE LONDON MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY-SECOND SERIES LA English DT Article ID TOPOLOGICAL FULL GROUPS; C-ASTERISK-ALGEBRAS; CANTOR SYSTEMS AB The paper is focused on the study of continuous orbit equivalence for minimal equicontinuous systems. We establish that every equicontinuous system is topologically conjugate to a profinite action, where the finite-index subgroups are not necessarily normal. We then show that two profinite actions X, G) and Y, H) are continuously orbit equivalent if and only if the groups G and H are virtually isomorphic, and the isomorphism preserves the structure of the finiteindex subgroups defining the actions. As a corollary, we obtain a dynamical classification of the restricted isomorphism between generalized Bunce-Deddens C*-algebras. We show that, for minimal equicontinuous Zd -systems, continuous orbit equivalence implies that the systems are virtually piecewise conjugate. This result extends Boyle's flip-conjugacy theorem. We also show that the topological full group of a minimal equicontinuous system X, G) is amenable if and only if the group G is amenable. C1 [Isabel Cortez, Maria] Univ Santiago Chile, Dept Matemat & Ciencia Comp, Santiago 9170022, Chile. [Medynets, Konstantin] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Cortez, MI (reprint author), Univ Santiago Chile, Dept Matemat & Ciencia Comp, Santiago 9170022, Chile. EM maria.cortez@usach.cl; medynets@usna.edu FU Anillo Research Project [1103 DySyRF]; Fondecyt Research Project [1140213]; NSA [H98230CCC5334] FX The research of the first author was supported by Anillo Research Project 1103 DySyRF and Fondecyt Research Project 1140213. The second author was supported by NSA grant H98230CCC5334. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0024-6107 EI 1469-7750 J9 J LOND MATH SOC JI J. Lond. Math. Soc.-Second Ser. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 94 BP 545 EP 556 DI 10.1112/jlms/jdw047 PN 2 PG 12 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA EA9FR UT WOS:000386947900012 ER PT J AU Zelig, CM Knutzen, DM Ennen, CS Dolinsky, BM Napolitano, PG AF Zelig, Craig M. Knutzen, Dana M. Ennen, Christopher S. Dolinsky, Brad M. Napolitano, Peter G. TI Chorionic Villus Sampling, Early Amniocentesis, and Termination of Pregnancy Without Diagnostic Testing: Comparison of Fetal Risk Following Positive Non-invasive Prenatal Testing EDITORIAL COMMENT SO OBSTETRICAL & GYNECOLOGICAL SURVEY LA English DT Editorial Material AB The accuracy of screening tests for fetal aneuploidy such as noninvasive prenatal testing based on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) techniques has improved remarkably over the past 40 years, thereby decreasing the likelihood of false-positive detection rates. Diagnostic tests such as early amniocentesis (EA) and chorionic villus sampling (CVS) have been recommended following positive first-trimester screening tests for confirmation. However, some patients with positive cfDNA results have terminated their pregnancies without undergoing either of the diagnostic tests. Both EA and CVS are offered prior to 15weeks' gestation; as EA has been associated with a 1% rate of talipes equinovarus and an increased rate of early pregnancy loss, CVS is preferred over EA. This study aimed to calculate the risk of adverse outcomes for euploid pregnancies from various procedures including CVS, EA, and termination of pregnancy (TOP) without a confirmatory test following positive cfDNA. Using data from a Cochrane review from 2003, the rates of adverse outcomes in euploid pregnancies for the 3 procedures, CVS, EA, and TOP, were estimated after positive cfDNA results based on their positive predictive values (PPVs). The rate of euploid pregnancy loss was greater in EA than in CVS, and greatest in TOP at all PPV levels before 24 weeks' gestation. As the PPVof cfDNA increased, the rate of procedure-related talipes in euploid infants decreased. The study concluded that CVS was safer than EA and hence recommended as a confirmatory test in the first trimester. It was also suggested that patients should be counseled regarding the limitations of cfDNA and discouraged from TOP before undergoing confirmatory tests such as CVS or EAwhen the former was not available. C1 [Zelig, Craig M.; Ennen, Christopher S.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Knutzen, Dana M.; Dolinsky, Brad M.; Napolitano, Peter G.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Zelig, CM (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0029-7828 EI 1533-9866 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL SURV JI Obstet. Gynecol. Surv. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 71 IS 10 BP 584 EP 585 DI 10.1097/01.ogx.0000499797.84861.4e PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA EA6UM UT WOS:000386764500007 ER PT J AU Bradford, SF AF Bradford, Scott F. TI Development of a Godunov-type model for the accurate simulation of dispersion dominated waves SO OCEAN MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Navier-Stokes equations; Numerical models; Flow simulation; Wave propagation ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; WATER-WAVES; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; SURF ZONE; PROPAGATION; DYNAMICS; FLOWS AB A new numerical model based on the Navier-Stokes equations is presented for the simulation of dispersion dominated waves. The equations are solved by splitting the pressure into hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic components. The Godunov approach is utilized to solve the hydrostatic flow equations and the resulting velocity field is then corrected to be divergence free. Alternative techniques for the time integration of the non-hydrostatic pressure gradients are presented and investigated in order to improve the accuracy of dispersion dominated wave simulations. Numerical predictions are compared with analytical solutions and experimental data for test cases involving standing, shoaling, refracting, and breaking waves. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bradford, Scott F.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bradford, SF (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM scott.bradford@nrl.navy.mil NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1463-5003 EI 1463-5011 J9 OCEAN MODEL JI Ocean Model. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 106 BP 58 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2016.09.008 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA EA6XP UT WOS:000386772800005 ER PT J AU Bandyopadhyay, PR AF Bandyopadhyay, Promode R. TI A Novel Large Slosh-or-Spin Low-Speed Underwater Propulsor Bridges the Unsteady and Steady Propulsion Mechanisms of Nature and Engineering SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Bioinspiration; force transient; hydrodynamics; nonlinear control; oscillating propulsor ID LEADING-EDGE VORTICES; CONTROL-SYSTEM; INSECT FLIGHT; ANIMALS; DYNAMICS; VEHICLES; CIRCUIT; NUMBER; WINGS; FISH AB We have bridged the unsteady and steady mechanisms of underwater propulsion in nature and engineering by colocating their flapping and steady lifting surfaces in an outwardly conventional propulsor. The feasibility is indicated by the observation of overlap in the mechanisms in propulsion density versus displacement volume from 0.1 to 1 m(3). Such an overlap also exists between natural and engineered flyers. A novel, 0.7-m diameter, propulsor has been built where the fins, twistable along their span (0 degrees to 30 degrees), can either slosh (where roll, pitch, and twist of the fins vary independently) or spin (where the rotational rate, fin pitch, and twist vary independently). Here, we discuss the origin of the novelty of the propulsor, the production of small thrust by slosh and propeller (prop) modes, the control of thrust amplitude by spanwise twisting of the fin, and the abrupt reversing of thrust. The tow speeds are low and close to the minimum induced velocity required for thrust onset by the flapping mechanism in the present propulsor-0 to 0.09 m/s, the fin chord Reynolds number and shaft input power being <= 8, 250, and 1 W. Time-averaged measurements show that thrust is more sensitive to pitch amplitude than to twisting during hovering, an effect that is reversed during slow towing due to the reduction in the spanwise variation of angle of attack. During towing, twist is more effective in the slosh mode than in the prop mode. Steady and quasi-steady thrust modeling is done to compare with prop- and slosh-mode measurements, respectively. The departures of the models are interpreted to mean that the beneficial effects of twist on the leading edge vortex (LEV) augment slosh forces and the rotational effects are detrimental to prop forces. We present simultaneous videography of fins during twisting and thrust reversal, and of thrust time trace as direct evidence of the relationship of cause and effect. Spanwise fin twisting is used to show that near-zero levels of thrust (0 to 1 N in steps of approximately 0.1 N) can be produced in both the slosh and prop modes and can be controlled merely by twisting the fins while keeping all other fin parameters unchanged. Transient-free reversal of the thrust direction has been achieved in the slosh mode while maintaining the same absolute value of thrust. However, thrust reversal in the prop mode is not transient free. This prop-mode transient is weaker due to the change in sign of the pitch angle but a change in the direction of the hub rotation produces a large spike and the reasons are discussed. Fine thrust control with individual fin hydrodynamics at the source that involves the lowest change in inertia is smoother. Smooth thrust reversibility is clearly identified as a unique property of flapping fin hydrodynamics. The mechanism overlap occurs because both fin modes have similar low transitional Reynolds numbers. Dynamical system models of unsteady hydrodynamics and control are shown to be similar suggesting that animal swimmers control vortex shedding ion-by-ion and animal-like motion control is theoretically possible with the proposed propulsor in the slosh mode but not in the prop mode. C1 [Bandyopadhyay, Promode R.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Autonomous & Def Syst, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Bandyopadhyay, PR (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Autonomous & Def Syst, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM promode.bandy-opadhya@navy.mil FU U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) [ONR 341] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) under the Bio-inspired Autonomous Systems Program (Dr. Thomas McKenna, ONR 341). NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0364-9059 EI 1558-1691 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 41 IS 4 BP 868 EP 881 DI 10.1109/JOE.2015.2497879 PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA DZ9YH UT WOS:000386238000014 ER PT J AU McMahon, J Plaku, E AF McMahon, James Plaku, Erion TI Mission and Motion Planning for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Operating in Spatially and Temporally Complex Environments SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV); mission planning; regular languages; robotics; sampling-based motion planning ID SAFETY PROPERTIES; MODEL CHECKING; PATH; OCEAN AB This paper seeks to enhance the autonomy of underwater vehicles. The proposed approach takes as input a mission specified via a regular language and automatically plans a collision-free, dynamically feasible, and low-cost trajectory which enables the vehicle to accomplish the mission. Regular languages provide a convenient mathematical model that frees users from the burden of unnatural low-level commands and instead allows them to describe missions at a high level in terms of desired objectives. To account for the constraints imposed by the mission, vehicle dynamics, collision avoidance, and the complex spatial and temporal variability of the ocean environment, the approach tightly couples mission planning with sampling-based motion planning. A key aspect is a discrete abstraction obtained by combining the finite automaton representing the regular language with a navigation roadmap constructed by probabilistic sampling. The approach searches the discrete abstraction to compute low-cost and collision-free navigation routes that are compatible with the mission. Sampling-based motion planning is then used to expand a tree of dynamically feasible trajectories along the navigation routes. The approach is validated both in simulation and field experiments. Results demonstrate the efficiency and the scalability of the approach and show significant improvements over related work. C1 [McMahon, James; Plaku, Erion] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [McMahon, James] US Naval Res Lab, Code 7130, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Plaku, E (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA. EM plaku@cua.edu FU National Science Foundation [IIS-1449505, IIS-1548406, ACI-1440587]; Office of Naval Research [32] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants IIS-1449505, IIS-1548406, and ACI-1440587, and by the Office of Naval Research, code 32. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0364-9059 EI 1558-1691 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 41 IS 4 BP 893 EP 912 DI 10.1109/JOE.2015.2503498 PG 20 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA DZ9YH UT WOS:000386238000016 ER PT J AU Crocker, SE Smalley, RR AF Crocker, Steven E. Smalley, Ronald R., Jr. TI Calibration of a Digital Hydrophone Line Array at Low Frequency SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Acoustic calibration; complex sensitivity; digital acoustic array; parameter estimation ID FIELD AB The challenges of comparison calibrations of hydrophones in linear arrays at low frequencies are inherent in the length of the array, number of hydrophones, difficulty in achieving free-field conditions, and lack of a suitable low-frequency projector. These challenges were addressed by the development of complementary methods to simultaneously measure the complex sensitivity in the acoustic data channels of hydrophone line arrays with digital telemetry systems. The voltage sensitivities and RC time constants of the array data channels were then estimated by nonlinear regression of calibration data to a simplified model of the acoustic data channel. The methods are demonstrated by the simultaneous calibration of 200 data channels of a digital hydrophone line array at 1/3 octave band center frequencies ranging from 1.2 to 400 Hz. The 95% confidence interval of the voltage sensitivity estimates was not more than 1 dB. C1 [Crocker, Steven E.; Smalley, Ronald R., Jr.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Sensors & Sonar Syst Dept, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Crocker, SE (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Sensors & Sonar Syst Dept, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM steven.crocker@navy.mil OI Crocker, Steven/0000-0003-2698-0193 FU Strategic Investment (SI) programs; Underwater Sound Reference Division (USRD) at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC) FX This work was supported by Strategic Investment (SI) programs and the Underwater Sound Reference Division (USRD) at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0364-9059 EI 1558-1691 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 41 IS 4 BP 1020 EP 1027 DI 10.1109/JOE.2016.2527118 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA DZ9YH UT WOS:000386238000027 ER PT J AU Yuan, X Tian, F Hou, YT Lou, WJ Sherali, HD Kompella, S Reed, JH AF Yuan, Xu Tian, Feng Hou, Y. Thomas Lou, Wenjing Sherali, Hanif D. Kompella, Sastry Reed, Jeffrey H. TI On Throughput Region for Primary and Secondary Networks With Node-Level Cooperation SO IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Spectrum sharing; cooperation; throughput region; multiobjective optimization; primary network; secondary network ID COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS; DYNAMIC SPECTRUM ACCESS; ANTENNAS AB Cooperation has become an essential element in spectrum sharing between the primary and secondary networks. A new trend in cooperation is to allow the primary and secondary networks to cooperate on the node level for data forwarding. This new paradigm allows to pool network resources from both the primary and secondary networks and allows users in each network to access a much richer network infrastructure in a combined network. This paper offers an in-depth study of such node-level cooperation by explaining its optimal throughput curve-the maximum achievable throughput for both the primary and secondary users. We formulate the problem as a multicriteria optimization problem with the goal of maximizing the throughput of both the primary and secondary users. Through a novel approach based on weighted Chebyshev norm, we transform the multicriteria optimization problem into a single criteria optimization problem and find a sequence of Pareto-optimal points iteratively. Based on the Pareto-optimal points, we construct the throughput curve and show that it provides an e-approximation to the optimal curve. We prove some important properties of the optimal throughput curve. Through a case study, we show that the throughput region (the area under the throughput curve) under node-level cooperation is substantially larger than that when there is no node-level cooperation. C1 [Yuan, Xu; Hou, Y. Thomas; Lou, Wenjing; Sherali, Hanif D.; Reed, Jeffrey H.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Yuan, Xu] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada. [Tian, Feng] Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun, Nanjing 210003, Peoples R China. [Kompella, Sastry] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yuan, X (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.; Yuan, X (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada. EM xuyuan@ece.utoronto.ca; tianf@njupt.edu.cn; thou@vt.edu; wjlou@vt.edu; hanifs@vt.edu; sastry.kompella@nrl.navy.mil; reedjh@vt.edu FU NSF [1642873, 1617634, 1443889, 1343222]; ONR [N00014-15-1-2926] FX This work was supported in part by NSF under Grants 1642873, 1617634, 1443889, 1343222 and in part by ONR under Grant N00014-15-1-2926. The work of S. Kompella was supported in part by the ONR. This work was completed while X. Yuan was with the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. This paper was presented in part at IEEE DySPAN, Stockholm, Sweden, September 29-October 2, 2015 [21]. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0733-8716 EI 1558-0008 J9 IEEE J SEL AREA COMM JI IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 34 IS 10 BP 2763 EP 2775 DI 10.1109/JSAC.2016.2606018 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA DZ9ZU UT WOS:000386243400019 ER PT J AU Kim, J Cheney, M Mokole, E AF Kim, Jerry Cheney, Margaret Mokole, Eric TI Tuning to Resonances With Iterative Time Reversal SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE Detection theory; eigenvalues; inverse scattering; multiple input multiple output; multiple sensors; power method; singularity expansion method (SEM); time reversal (TR) ID SINGULARITY EXPANSION METHOD; MATRIX PENCIL METHOD; ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; SPHERICAL SCATTERER; OPERATOR; MULTIPLE; DECOMPOSITION; ACOUSTICS; TARGETS; PARAMETERS AB This paper considers a distributed wave-based sensing system that probes a scene consisting of multiple interacting idealized targets. Each sensor is a collocated transmit-receive pair that is capable of transmitting arbitrary wideband waveforms. We address the problem of finding the space-time transmit waveform that provides the best target detection performance in the sense of maximizing the energy scattered back into the receivers. Our approach is based on earlier theoretical work that showed, for an idealized infinite half-space geometry, that the solution could be constructed by an iterative time-reversal (TR) process. In this paper, we give a more realistic example involving a two-sensor time-domain system. We show that for this system, the iterative TR process can be used to tune automatically to all the target resonances that are within the bandwidth of the interrogating radar system. We show that although obtaining eigenvalues (and hence resonances) of the scattering operator is in general unstable, using the iterative TR process to obtain the resonances is a stable process. Moreover, we show that these resonance frequencies are connected to the poles of the singularity expansion method. C1 [Kim, Jerry] US Naval Res Lab, Tact Elect Warfare Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kim, Jerry] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Cheney, Margaret] Colorado State Univ, Dept Math, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Mokole, Eric] US Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM jerrykim00@hotmail.com; cheney@math.colostate.edu; eric.mokole@outlook.com FU Naval Research Laboratory base programs FX The authors would like to thank Dr. S. Hong from the Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology and Dr. T. Andreadis from the Tactical Electronics Warfare Division for their comments, feedback, and support of this paper. They would also like to thank Dr. S. Blunt from the University of Kansas for his inputs and relevant references. The work of J. Kim was performed under the auspices of the Naval Research Laboratory base programs. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the Air Force Research Laboratory, the Naval Research Laboratory, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-926X EI 1558-2221 J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 64 IS 10 BP 4343 EP 4354 DI 10.1109/TAP.2016.2593718 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA DZ7VO UT WOS:000386076200020 ER PT J AU Wijesekera, HW Teague, WJ Wang, DW Jarosz, E Jensen, TG Jinadasa, SUP Fernando, HJS Hallock, ZR AF Wijesekera, H. W. Teague, W. J. Wang, D. W. Jarosz, E. Jensen, T. G. Jinadasa, S. U. P. Fernando, H. J. S. Hallock, Z. R. TI Low-Frequency Currents from Deep Moorings in the Southern Bay of Bengal SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID EQUATORIAL INDIAN-OCEAN; NORTHEAST MONSOON; SUMMER MONSOON; SRI-LANKA; INTRASEASONAL VARIABILITY; TOPEX/POSEIDON ALTIMETRY; SURFACE CIRCULATION; SOUTHWEST MONSOON; COASTAL CURRENT; ARABIAN SEA AB High-resolution currents and hydrographic fields were measured at six deep-water moorings in the southern Bay of Bengal (BoB) by the Naval Research Laboratory as part of an international effort focused on the dynamics of the Indian Ocean. Currents, temperature, and salinity were sampled over the upper 500m for 20 months between December 2013 and August 2015. One of the major goals is to understand the space-time scales of the currents and physical processes that contribute to the exchange of water between the BoB and the Arabian Sea. The observations captured Southwest and Northeast Monsoon Currents, seasonally varying large eddies including a cyclonic eddy, the Sri Lanka dome (SLD), and an anticyclonic eddy southeast of the SLD. The observations further showed intraseasonal oscillations with periods of 30-70 days, near-inertial currents, and tides. Monthly averaged velocities commonly exceeded 50 cm s(-1) near the surface, and extreme velocities exceeded 150 cm s(-1) during the southwest monsoon. Tides were small and dominated by the M-2 component with velocities of about 3 cms(-1). The average transport into the BoB over the measurement period was 2 Sv (1 Sv = 10(6) m(3) s(-1)) but likely exceeded 15 Sv during summer of 2014. This study suggests the water exchange away from coastal boundaries, in the interior of the BoB, may be largely influenced by the location and strength of the two eddies that modify the path of the Southwest Monsoon Current. In addition, there is a pathway below 200m for transport of water into the BoB throughout the year. C1 [Wijesekera, H. W.; Teague, W. J.; Wang, D. W.; Jarosz, E.; Jensen, T. G.] Naval Res Lab, 1009 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Jinadasa, S. U. P.] Natl Aquat Resources Res & Dev Agcy, Crow Isl, Sri Lanka. [Fernando, H. J. S.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil Engn Environm & Earth Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Hallock, Z. R.] NVis Solut Inc, Bay St Louis, MS USA. RP Wijesekera, HW (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 1009 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM hemantha.wijesekera@nrlssc.navy.mil FU United States Office of Naval Research (ONR) in an ONR Departmental Research Initiative (DRI); Air-Sea Interactions in Northern Indian Ocean (ASIRI); Naval Research Laboratory project, Effects of Bay of Bengal Freshwater Flux on Indian Ocean Monsoon (EBOB); ONR [N00014-13-1-0199, N00014-14-1-0279] FX This work was sponsored by the United States Office of Naval Research (ONR) in an ONR Departmental Research Initiative (DRI), Air-Sea Interactions in Northern Indian Ocean (ASIRI), and a Naval Research Laboratory project, Effects of Bay of Bengal Freshwater Flux on Indian Ocean Monsoon (EBOB). HJSF and SUPJ were funded by the ONR Grants N00014-13-1-0199 and N00014-14-1-0279. Special thanks to Mr. Andrew Quaid, Mr. Steven Sova, and Mr. Justin Brodersen for their extraordinary efforts for preparation, deployment, and recovery of the moorings. Assistance provided by Mr. Praneeth Gunawardena and his colleagues of Maritime Agencies, Hayleys Group in Sri Lanka, Mr. David Anderson of ProteQ, Reston, VA, and the crew of the R/V Roger Revelle was greatly appreciated. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 EI 1520-0485 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 46 IS 10 BP 3209 EP 3238 DI 10.1175/JPO-D-16-0113.1 PG 30 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA EA1CL UT WOS:000386330000016 ER PT J AU Berger, EL Lauretta, DS Zega, TJ Keller, LP AF Berger, Eve L. Lauretta, Dante S. Zega, Thomas J. Keller, Lindsay P. TI Heterogeneous histories of Ni-bearing pyrrhotite and pentlandite grains in the CI chondrites Orgueil and Alais SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CM CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITES; AQUEOUS ALTERATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SOLAR NEBULA; PARENT BODY; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; SULFIDE FORMATION; S SYSTEM; FE; MINERALOGY AB Compositional and structural analyses of CI chondrite iron-nickel sulfide grains reveal heterogeneity both across and within the Orgueil and Alais meteorites. Orgueil grains with the 4C monoclinic pyrrhotite structure have variable metal-to-sulfur ratios and nickel contents. These range from the nominal ratio of 0.875 for Fe7S8 with <1 atom% nickel to a high metal-to-sulfur ratio of 0.97 with 15 atom% nickel. These data reveal a previously unrecognized low-temperature solid solution between Fe7S8 and Fe5Ni3S8. We have also identified 6C monoclinic pyrrhotite among the Orgueil iron-nickel sulfides. The occurrence of pentlandite in Orgueil is confirmed for the first time crystallographically. In contrast, sulfide grains in Alais do not show the same spread in composition and structure; rather they represent the endmembers: low-Ni 4C monoclinic pyrrhotite and pentlandite. We investigate possible formation/alteration scenarios: crystallization from a melt, solid-state diffusion and/or exsolution, oxidation of pre-existing sulfides, and precipitation from a fluid. Sulfide grains are sensitive to alteration conditions; these data suggest that the structures and compositions of the sulfide assemblages in Orgueil and Alais were established by late-stage parent body aqueous alteration, followed in some cases by low-temperature solid-stateprocesses. The samples record different alteration histories, with Orgueil experiencing lower equilibration temperatures (25 degrees C) than Alais (100-135 degrees C). We conclude that millimeter-scale heterogeneity existed in alteration conditions (e.g., temperature, pH, oxygen fugacity, sulfur fugacity, duration of alteration) on the parent body. This variability is evidenced by the diversity among sulfide grains located within millimeters of one another. C1 [Berger, Eve L.] GeoControl Syst Inc, NASA Johnson Space Ctr, Jacobs JETS Contract, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Berger, Eve L.] NASA Postdoctoral Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Berger, Eve L.; Lauretta, Dante S.; Zega, Thomas J.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85712 USA. [Zega, Thomas J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Keller, Lindsay P.] NASA Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RP Berger, EL (reprint author), GeoControl Syst Inc, NASA Johnson Space Ctr, Jacobs JETS Contract, Houston, TX 77058 USA.; Berger, EL (reprint author), NASA Postdoctoral Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.; Berger, EL (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85712 USA. EM eve.l.berger@nasa.gov NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 51 IS 10 BP 1813 EP 1829 DI 10.1111/maps.12721 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DZ6GT UT WOS:000385960400004 ER PT J AU Liu, JL Zabetakis, D Goldman, ER Anderson, GP AF Liu, Jinny L. Zabetakis, Dan Goldman, Ellen R. Anderson, George P. TI Selection and characterization of single domain antibodies against human CD20 SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CD20; Single domain antibody; immune library; Biopanning; Hoc ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; B-LYMPHOCYTES; THERAPY; NANOBODIES; FRAGMENTS; PHAGE; SPECIFICITY; LYMPHOMA; MOLECULE; EPITOPES AB CD20 is a membrane protein with four integral membrane regions and a large extracellular loop between residues 142 and 187, which serves as a target binding region for rituximab (RTX) and most other anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies. It is highly expressed in B-lymphoma cells and B-lymphocytes and often serves as a target for immunotherapy. In this study, we developed single domain antibodies (sdAbs) for the sensitive detection of CD20. To achieve this, an immune sdAb library was prepared from llamas immunized with a fusion between the large loop from CD20 and Hoc, a highly antigenic protein from the T4 bacteriophage, (CD2O-Hoc). By subtracting binders to recombinant Hoc during the biopanning, potential anti-CD20 sdAbs were selected, sequenced, and characterized for their binding affinity to CD20-Hoc fusion versus Hoc. Twenty five clones grouped into three different families based on CDR3 sequence were identified as potential CD20 binders. The binding kinetics of representative sdAbs from each class and RTX were evaluated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Most of the sdAbs that were evaluated show binding affinities to CD2O-Hoc in the nM range, and class A sdAbs, exhibited >= 40-fold increase in affinity for CD2O-Hoc versus Hoc. When the binding of the sdAbs to CD20 on SU-DHL-4 cells was evaluated by flow cytometry, only class A sdAbs displayed strong binding to CD20 and recognized DHL cells in a concentration dependent manner. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Liu, Jinny L.; Zabetakis, Dan; Goldman, Ellen R.; Anderson, George P.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Liu, JL; Anderson, GP (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Jinny.liu@nrl.navy.mil; george.anderson@nrl.navy.mil RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011 OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893 FU NRL 6.2 base funding - Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX We thank Dr. Jonathan M. Adelson for his encouragement of this work. This work was supported by NRL 6.2 base funding sponsored by Office of Naval Research (ONR). NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 78 BP 146 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.09.013 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA EA2EK UT WOS:000386405400016 PM 27639717 ER PT J AU Balazs, GC Brelin, AM Grimm, PD Dickens, JF Keblish, DJ Rue, JPH AF Balazs, George C. Brelin, Alaina M. Grimm, Patrick D. Dickens, Jonathan F. Keblish, David J. Rue, John-Paul H. TI Hybrid Tibia Fixation of Soft Tissue Grafts in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE ACL reconstruction; soft tissue grafts; hybrid fixation; tibial fixation ID INTERFERENCE SCREW FIXATION; HAMSTRING TENDON GRAFT; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; PATELLAR TENDON; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; ACL RECONSTRUCTION; IN-VITRO; PART II; STRENGTH; LAXITY AB Background: Optimal fixation of soft tissue grafts in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction remains a controversial topic, and tibial-sided fixation is frequently cited as the weak point of the femur-graft-tibia construct. Some studies have recommended the use of hybrid fixation (combining intratunnel aperture fixation and extracortical suspensory fixation) on the tibial side to increase the strength of the reconstructed ACL and decrease the risk of graft slippage and subsequent failure. However, no consensus has emerged on the necessity or suitability of this technique, relative to single modes of fixation. Purpose: This study sought answers to the following questions: (1) Does hybrid fixation result in stronger, stiffer initial fixation of soft tissue grafts? (2) Does hybrid fixation reduce side-to-side laxity differences in clinical practice? (3) Does hybrid fixation increase complication rates when compared with a single mode of tibial fixation? Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: A systematic keyword search of PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews, and the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews was performed. Candidate articles were included if they compared biomechanical or clinical characteristics of tibial-sided hybrid fixation (defined as a combination of aperture and suspensory fixation methods) with single-mode fixation of soft tissue grafts in ACL reconstruction. Results: A total of 21 studies (15 biomechanical, 6 clinical) met criteria for inclusion. Most biomechanical studies reported significantly increased strength and stiffness with hybrid fixation versus single modes of fixation. Among clinical studies, 66% reported significantly decreased anterior-posterior laxity when hybrid fixation methods were employed, with the remainder showing no difference. Conclusion: Hybrid methods of tibial-sided graft fixation in ACL reconstruction result in stronger initial fixation and less side-to-side laxity after healing but do not change patient-reported outcomes at 1- to 3-year follow-up. Registration: PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews No. 42014015464. C1 [Balazs, George C.; Brelin, Alaina M.; Grimm, Patrick D.; Dickens, Jonathan F.; Keblish, David J.; Rue, John-Paul H.] US Naval Acad, Naval Hlth Clin Annapolis, 250 Wood Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Balazs, George C.; Brelin, Alaina M.; Grimm, Patrick D.; Dickens, Jonathan F.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Rue, JPH (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Naval Hlth Clin Annapolis, 250 Wood Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM johnpaulrue@gmail.com OI Balazs, George/0000-0003-2822-2986 NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0363-5465 EI 1552-3365 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 44 IS 10 BP 2724 EP 2732 DI 10.1177/0363546515621541 PG 9 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA DY8JC UT WOS:000385374900039 PM 26801921 ER PT J AU Wood, BE Muller, HR Harper, GM AF Wood, Brian E. Mueller, Hans-Reinhard Harper, Graham M. TI HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE CONSTRAINTS ON THE WINDS AND ASTROSPHERES OF RED GIANT STARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: chromospheres; stars: late-type; stars: winds, outflow; ultraviolet: stars ID LOCAL INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; RADIO-CONTINUUM EMISSION; LY-ALPHA ABSORPTION; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; MG-II; COOL STARS; EVOLVED STARS; CA-II; IMAGING SPECTROGRAPH; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES AB We report on an ultraviolet spectroscopic survey of red giants observed by the Hubble Space Telescope, focusing on spectra of the Mg II h and k lines near 2800 in order to study stellar chromospheric emission, winds, and astrospheric absorption. We focus on spectral types between K2. III and M5. III, a spectral type range with stars that are noncoronal, but possessing strong, chromospheric winds. We find a very tight relation between Mg II surface flux and photospheric temperature, supporting the notion that all K2-M5. III stars are emitting at a basal flux level. Wind velocities (V-w) are generally found to decrease with spectral type, with Vw decreasing from similar to 40 km s(-1) at K2. III to similar to 20 km s(-1) at M5. III. We find two new detections of astrospheric absorption, for sigma Pup (K5 III) and gamma Eri (M1 III). This absorption signature had previously only been detected for alpha Tau (K5 III). For the three astrospheric detections, the temperature of the wind after the termination shock (TS) correlates with V-w, but is lower than predicted by the Rankine-Hugoniot shock jump conditions, consistent with the idea that red giant TSs are radiative shocks rather than simple hydrodynamic shocks. A full hydrodynamic simulation of the gamma Eri astrosphere is provided to explore this further. C1 [Wood, Brian E.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mueller, Hans-Reinhard] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Harper, Graham M.] Univ Colorado, CASA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Wood, BE (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.wood@nrl.navy.mil OI Harper, Graham/0000-0002-7042-4541 FU NASA through Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-13462]; NASA [NAS 5-26555] FX We thank Drs. Seth Redfield and Alexander Brown for contributing to the acquisition and analysis of the Ca II spectra. Support for HST program GO-13462 was provided by NASA through an award from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 829 IS 2 AR 74 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/829/2/74 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DY8JX UT WOS:000385377200016 ER PT J AU Babich, YV Feigelson, BN Chepurov, AI AF Babich, Y. V. Feigelson, B. N. Chepurov, A. I. TI Distribution of H1a-centers in as-grown diamonds of Fe-Ni-C system: FTIR-mapping study SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Synthetic diamonds; Defect characterization; FTIR-mapping; Nitrogen aggregation ID HPHT SYNTHETIC DIAMONDS; NITROGEN AGGREGATION; INFRARED-ABSORPTION; CENTERS; NICKEL; CRYSTALS; KINETICS; DEFECTS; COBALT AB The distribution of main nitrogen defects and H1a-centers in HPHT synthetic diamond grown by temperature gradient method (system Fe-Ni-C) has been studied by FTIR-mapping technique. The IR-peak at 1450 cm(-1) of Hla-centers (di-nitrogen interstitials), appears only in some local areas of octahedral growth sectors where single substitutional nitrogen (C-defects) was partly aggregated into nitrogen pairs (A-defects). It was found that the disappearing of H1a-centers takes place simultaneously with the completion of C -> A transformation. The observed distribution of nitrogen defects in diamonds with transition metals gives strong experimental evidence that the H1a-centers are not a by-product of nitrogen transformation, but are directly involved in the stepwise C -> A nitrogen aggregation process. Prime novelty statement: For HPHT diamond crystals of Fe-Ni-C system, the distribution of H1a centers, studied by FTIR-mapping for the first time, provide a strong argument for the interstitial-related mechanism of nitrogen C -> A aggregation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Babich, Y. V.; Chepurov, A. I.] Russian Acad Sci, Sobolev Inst Geol & Mineral, Siberian Branch, Pr Akad Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Feigelson, B. N.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Babich, YV (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Sobolev Inst Geol & Mineral, Siberian Branch, Pr Akad Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. EM babich@igm.nsc.ru FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [15-05-04633a] FX Authors are grateful to the anonymous reviewers of manuscript for their useful comments. The research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project 15-05-04633a). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 EI 1879-0062 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 69 BP 8 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.diamond.2016.07.001 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DZ1MH UT WOS:000385602000002 ER PT J AU Prak, DJL AF Prak, Dianne J. Luning TI Density, Viscosity, Speed of Sound, Bulk Modulus, Surface Tension, and Flash Point of Binary Mixtures of Butylcyclohexane with Toluene or n-Hexadecane SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA LA English DT Article ID HYDROTREATED RENEWABLE DIESEL; LIQUID MIXTURES; THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; REFRACTIVE-INDEXES; ELEVATED PRESSURES; SURROGATE MIXTURE; FUEL SURROGATES; TEMPERATURE; HYDROCARBONS; PREDICTION AB The viscosities and densities ((293.15 to 353.15) K), speeds of sound ((293.15 to 333.15) K), Surface tensions (room temperature), and flash points were. measured for binary mixtures of n-butylcyclohexane with either toluene or n-hexadecane. Increasing the temperature decreased the densities, and the excess molar volumes of the mixtures were generally positive, suggesting increased spacing due to differences in packing and intermolecular forces. Increasing the temperature also decreased the viscosities, and the McAllister three-body model successfully modeled the viscosity with the larger fitting term corresponding to two molecules of the more viscous substance. The mixture surface tensions and flash points fell between the pure-component values, which ranged from (26.7 to 28.6) mN.m(-1) and (324.7 to 406.2) K, respectively. The speed of sound decreased with increasing mole fraction of n-butylcycylohexane in n-hexadecane, but several speed of sound values for mixtures of n-butylcyclohexane and toluene were lower than those of either component. For both sets of mixtures, the isentropic bulk moduli of several mixtures Were lower than those of their components. These results show that simple blending rules cannot be used to predict the speed of sound and bulk modulus of these mixtures. C1 [Prak, Dianne J. Luning] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, 572M Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Prak, DJL (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, 572M Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM prak@usna.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N0001415WX01853, N0001416WX01648] FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research (Grants N0001415WX01853 and N0001416WX01648). NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9568 J9 J CHEM ENG DATA JI J. Chem. Eng. Data PD OCT PY 2016 VL 61 IS 10 BP 3595 EP 3606 DI 10.1021/acs.jced.6b00516 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA DZ1OE UT WOS:000385606900027 ER PT J AU Mones, L Bernstein, N Csanyi, G AF Mones, Letif Bernstein, Noam Csanyi, Gabor TI Exploration, Sampling, And Reconstruction of Free Energy Surfaces with Gaussian Process Regression SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; REACTION COORDINATE; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; LOCAL ELEVATION; FORCE; SIMULATION; EFFICIENT; ALGORITHM; BARRIERS; SYSTEMS AB Practical free energy reconstruction algorithms involve three separate tasks: biasing, measuring some observable, and finally reconstructing the free energy surface from those measurements. In more than one dimension, adaptive schemes make it possible to explore only relatively low lying regions of the landscape by progressively building up the bias toward the negative of the free energy surface so that free energy barriers are eliminated. Most schemes use the final bias as their best estimate of the free energy surface. We show that large gains in computational efficiency, as measured by the reduction of time to solution, can be obtained by separating the bias used for dynamics from the final free energy reconstruction itself. We find that biasing with metadynamics, measuring a free energy gradient estimator, and reconstructing using Gaussian process regression can give an order of magnitude reduction in computational cost. C1 [Mones, Letif; Csanyi, Gabor] Univ Cambridge, Engn Lab, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England. [Bernstein, Noam] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Mat Phys & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mones, L (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Engn Lab, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England. EM lam81@cam.ac.uk FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's 6.1 base program; EPSRC [EP/J010847/1] FX The work of N.B. was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's 6.1 base program. G.C. acknowledges support from EPSRC under grant no. EP/J010847/1. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9618 EI 1549-9626 J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT JI J. Chem. Theory Comput. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 12 IS 10 BP 5100 EP 5110 DI 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00553 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DY7VB UT WOS:000385336300035 PM 27598684 ER PT J AU Arnold, MJ Beer, J AF Arnold, Michael J. Beer, Joshua TI Preoperative evaluation: A time-saving algorithm SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material ID OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA; NONCARDIAC SURGERY; MANAGEMENT; RISK; QUESTIONNAIRE; METAANALYSIS; SMOKING; INDEX C1 [Arnold, Michael J.; Beer, Joshua] Naval Hosp, 2080 Child St, Jacksonville, FL 32214 USA. RP Arnold, MJ (reprint author), Naval Hosp, 2080 Child St, Jacksonville, FL 32214 USA. EM michael.j.arnold4.mil@mail.mil NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DOWDEN HEALTH MEDIA PI MONTVALE PA 110 SUMMIT AVE, MONTVALE, NJ 07645-1712 USA SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 65 IS 10 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DY9WT UT WOS:000385486900009 ER PT J AU Hafizi, B Palastro, JP Penano, JR Jones, TG Johnson, LA Helle, MH Kaganovich, D Chen, YH Stamm, AB AF Hafizi, B. Palastro, J. P. Penano, J. R. Jones, T. G. Johnson, L. A. Helle, M. H. Kaganovich, D. Chen, Y. H. Stamm, A. B. TI Stimulated Raman and Brillouin scattering, nonlinear focusing, thermal blooming, and optical breakdown of a laser beam propagating in water SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The physical processes associated with propagation of a high-power laser beam in a dielectric include self-focusing, stimulated Raman scattering, stimulated Brillouin scattering, thermal blooming, and multiphoton and collisional ionization. The interplay between these processes is analyzed using a reduced model consisting of a few differential equations that can be readily solved, enabling rapid variation of parameters and the development of theoretical results for guiding new experiments. The presentation in this paper is limited to propagation of the pump, the Stokes Raman, and the Brillouin pulses, ignoring the anti-Stokes Raman. Consistent with experimental results in the literature, it is found that self-focusing has a dramatic effect on the propagation of high-power laser beams in water. A significant portion of the pump laser energy is transferred to Stokes Raman forward scatter along with a smaller portion to Brillouin backscatter. C1 [Hafizi, B.; Palastro, J. P.; Penano, J. R.; Jones, T. G.; Johnson, L. A.; Helle, M. H.; Kaganovich, D.; Stamm, A. B.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Chen, Y. H.] Res Support Instruments, 4325-B Forbes Blvd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP Hafizi, B (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bahman.hafizi@nrl.navy.mil OI Kaganovich, Dmitri/0000-0002-0905-5871 FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Base Program FX U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Base Program. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 EI 1520-8540 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 33 IS 10 BP 2062 EP 2072 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.33.002062 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA DY9AY UT WOS:000385425600008 ER PT J AU Hoffman, ME AF Hoffman, Michael E. TI Sums of Products of Riemann Zeta Tails SO MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE Riemann zeta function; multiple zeta values; tails ID VALUES AB A recent paper of Furdui and Vlean proves some results about sums of products of "tails" of the series for the Riemann zeta function. We show how such results can be proved with weaker hypotheses using multiple zeta values, and also show how they can be generalized to products of three or more such tails. C1 [Hoffman, Michael E.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Hoffman, ME (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM meh@usna.edu OI Hoffman, Michael/0000-0002-9436-7596 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-5446 EI 1660-5454 J9 MEDITERR J MATH JI Mediterr. J. Math. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 13 IS 5 BP 2771 EP 2781 DI 10.1007/s00009-015-0653-9 PG 11 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA DY5NH UT WOS:000385146000028 ER PT J AU Penny, AB Harr, PA Doyle, JD AF Penny, Andrew B. Harr, Patrick A. Doyle, James D. TI Sensitivity to the Representation of Microphysical Processes in Numerical Simulations during Tropical Storm Formation SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID BULK PARAMETERIZATION; CYCLONE FORMATION; COOLING RATES; CLOUD MODEL; CYCLOGENESIS; PREDICTABILITY; DISTURBANCES; RETRIEVALS; CONVECTION; PACKAGE AB An analysis of in situ observations from the nondeveloping tropical disturbance named TCS025 revealed that a combination of unfavorable system-scale and environmental factors limited further development. In this study, a multiphysics ensemble of high-resolution simulations of TCS025 are analyzed and compared. A simulation that overdeveloped the TCS025 disturbance is compared with one that correctly simulated non development and reveals that convection was stronger and diabatic heating rates were larger in the developing simulation. This led to continued spinup of the low-level circulation primarily through vorticity stretching. In contrast, convection was much weaker in the nondeveloping simulation, and after an initial period of deep convection, average vorticity tendencies from stretching became weakly negative, which allowed for the frictional spindown of the low-level circulation. Convective-scale differences identified early in the simulations appear to have resulted from the explicit representation of graupel in the developing simulation. The net impacts resulting from these differences in convection are manifest in the average diabatic heating profiles that are important for determining the developmental outcome. Additional simulations are conducted whereby the diabatic heating rates are artificially adjusted. Relatively small changes in the diabatic heating rate led to significantly different outcomes with respect to storm development, and the degree of overdevelopment is largely dictated by the diabatic heating rate. These findings suggest the correct representation of convective processes and associated diabatic heating are necessary to adequately forecast tropical cyclogenesis, especially for systems near a threshold of development like TCS025. C1 [Penny, Andrew B.; Harr, Patrick A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Doyle, James D.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Penny, AB (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, 589 Dyer Rd,Root Hall,Rm 254, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM abpenny@nps.edu FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0736003]; Office of Naval Research Marine Meteorology [N0001413WX20824, N0001414WX20029]; Chief of Naval Research through the NRL Base Program; Office of Naval Research's Program Element [0601153N, 0602435N] FX This research was funded by National Science Foundation Grant ATM-0736003 and by the Office of Naval Research Marine Meteorology Grants N0001413WX20824 and N0001414WX20029. Support for JDD was provided by the Chief of Naval Research through the NRL Base Program and the Office of Naval Research's Program Element 0601153N and 0602435N. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 144 IS 10 BP 3611 EP 3630 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0259.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DY9EA UT WOS:000385435200006 ER PT J AU Penny, AB Hacker, JP Harr, PA AF Penny, Andrew B. Hacker, Joshua P. Harr, Patrick A. TI Analysis of Tropical Storm Formation Based on Ensemble Data Assimilation and High-Resolution Numerical Simulations of a Nondeveloping Disturbance SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID CYCLONE FORMATION; CLOUD MODEL; CYCLOGENESIS; PARAMETERIZATION; PREDICTABILITY; CONVECTION; FIELD; AIR AB A nondeveloping tropical disturbance, identified as TCS025, was observed during three intensive observing periods during The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) Pacific Asian Regional Campaign (T-PARC)/Tropical Cyclone Structure-2008 (TCS-08) field experiment. The low-level circulation of the disturbance was relatively weak, asymmetric, and displaced a considerable distance from the midlevel circulation. An ensemble of high-resolution numerical simulations initialized from global model analyses was used to further examine TCS025. These simulations tended to unrealistically overdevelop the TCS025 disturbance. This study extends that work by examining the impact of assimilating in situ observations of TCS025 and dual-Doppler radial velocities from the airborne Electra Doppler Radar (ELDORA) using the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (DART) ensemble data assimilation system. The assimilation of observations results in a more accurate vortex structure that is consistent with the observational analysis. In addition, forecasts initialized from the state of the ensemble after data assimilation exhibit less development than both the control simulation and an ensemble of forecasts without prior data assimilation. A composite analysis of developing and nondeveloping forecasts from the ensemble reveals that convection was more active in developing simulations, especially near the low-level circulation center. This led to larger diabatic heating rates, spinup of the low-level circulation from vorticity stretching, and greater alignment of the low- and midlevel vorticity centers. In contrast, nondeveloping simulations exhibited less convection, and the circulation was more heavily impacted by vertical wind shear. C1 [Penny, Andrew B.; Harr, Patrick A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, 589 Dyer Rd,Root Hall,Rm 254, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Hacker, Joshua P.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Penny, AB (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, 589 Dyer Rd,Root Hall,Rm 254, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM abpenny@nps.edu FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0736003]; Office of Naval Research Marine Meteorology Grant [N0001412AF0002]; Office of Naval Research Basic Research Initiative Award [N0001410WX20059] FX This research was funded by National Science Foundation Grant ATM-0736003 and by the Office of Naval Research Marine Meteorology Grant N0001412AF0002. Support for JPH was provided by the Office of Naval Research Basic Research Initiative Award N0001410WX20059. We thank Michael M. Bell from the University of Hawai'i at Manoa for his help with the quality control of the ELDORA data. The comments and suggestions from the anonymous reviewers are appreciated and led to an improved manuscript. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 144 IS 10 BP 3631 EP 3649 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-16-0100.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DY9EA UT WOS:000385435200007 ER PT J AU Hendricks, EA Kopera, MA Giraldo, FX Peng, MS Doyle, JD Jiang, QF AF Hendricks, Eric A. Kopera, Michal A. Giraldo, Francis X. Peng, Melinda S. Doyle, James D. Jiang, Qingfang TI Evaluation of the Utility of Static and Adaptive Mesh Refinement for Idealized Tropical Cyclone Problems in a Spectral Element Shallow-Water Model SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN METHODS; FINITE-VOLUME METHODS; ATMOSPHERIC SIMULATIONS; PREDICTION SYSTEM; ROSSBY-WAVES; EQUATIONS; SPHERE; GRIDS; HURRICANES; VORTICES AB The utility of static and adaptive mesh refinement (SMR and AMR, respectively) are examined for idealized tropical cyclone (TC) simulations in a two-dimensional spectral element f-plane shallow-water model. The SMR simulations have varying sizes of the statically refined meshes (geometry based) while the AMR simulations use a potential vorticity (PV) threshold to adaptively refine the mesh to the evolving TC. Numerical simulations are conducted for four cases: (i) TC-like vortex advecting in a uniform flow, (ii) binary vortex interaction, (iii) barotropic instability of a PV ring, and (iv) barotropic instability of a thin strip of PV. For each case, a uniform grid high-resolution "truth" simulation is compared to two different SMR simulations and three different AMR simulations for accuracy and efficiency. The multiple SMR and AMR simulations have variations in the number of fully refined elements in the vicinity of the TC. For these idealized cases, it is found that the SMR and AMR simulations are able to resolve the vortex dynamical processes (e.g., barotropic instability, Rossby wave breaking, and filamentation) as well as the truth simulations, with no significant loss in accuracy in the refined region in the vortex vicinity and with significant speedups (factors of 4-15, depending on the total number of refined elements). The overall accuracy is enhanced by a greater area of fully refined mesh in both the SMR and AMR simulations. C1 [Hendricks, Eric A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Kopera, Michal A.; Giraldo, Francis X.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Math, Monterey, CA USA. [Peng, Melinda S.; Doyle, James D.; Jiang, Qingfang] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. RP Hendricks, EA (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM eahendri1@nps.edu FU Chief of Naval Research [PE-0601153N]; Naval Postgraduate School Research Initiation Program; Office of Naval Research [PE-0602435N]; National Science Foundation (Division of Mathematical Sciences) [1216700]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research through the Computational Mathematics program; ONR Computational Mathematics Program FX EAH, MSP, JDD, and QJ gratefully acknowledge support from the Chief of Naval Research PE-0601153N. EAH also acknowledges support from Naval Postgraduate School Research Initiation Program. The codes used in this paper were developed by MAK and FXG during the 4-month long program on Multiscale Numerics in the Atmosphere and Ocean at the Newton Institute, Cambridge University. MAK and FXG gratefully acknowledge the support of the Office of Naval Research through Program Element PE-0602435N, the National Science Foundation (Division of Mathematical Sciences) through Program Element 1216700, and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research through the Computational Mathematics program as well as the ONR Computational Mathematics Program. We thank Sasa Gabersek, Alex Reinecke, and Kevin Viner for helpful discussions. This manuscript was improved by the helpful comments of three anonymous reviewers and Dr. Hilary Weller. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 144 IS 10 BP 3697 EP 3724 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0146.1 PG 28 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DY9EA UT WOS:000385435200010 ER PT J AU Carrier, MJ Ngodock, HE Smith, SR Souopgui, I Bartels, B AF Carrier, Matthew J. Ngodock, Hans E. Smith, Scott R. Souopgui, Innocent Bartels, Brent TI Examining the Potential Impact of SWOT Observations in an Ocean Analysis-Forecasting System SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID SEA-SURFACE HEIGHT; GULF-OF-MEXICO; HIGH-RESOLUTION ALTIMETRY; WAVE-NUMBER SPECTRA; SWATH ALTIMETER; LOOP CURRENT; MODEL; ASSIMILATION; CIRCULATION; RINGS AB NASA's Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite, scheduled for launch in 2020, will provide observations of sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) at a significantly higher spatial resolution than current satellite altimeters. This new observation type is expected to improve the ocean model mesoscale circulation. The potential improvement that SWOT will provide is investigated in this work by way of twin data assimilation experiments using the Navy Coastal Ocean Model four-dimensional variational data assimilation (NCOM-4DVAR) system in its weak constraint formulation. Simulated SWOT observations are sampled from an ocean model run (referred to as the "nature" run) using an observation-simulator program provided by the SWOT science team. The SWOT simulator provides realistic spatial coverage, resolution, and noise characteristics based on the expected performance of the actual satellite. Twin-data assimilation experiments are run for a two-month period during which simulated observations are assimilated into a separate model (known as the background model) in a series of 96-h windows. The final condition of each analysis window is used to initialize a new 96-h forecast, and each forecast is compared to the nature run to determine the impact of the assimilated data. It is demonstrated here that the simulated SWOT observations help to constrain the model mesoscale to be more consistent with the nature run than the assimilation of traditional altimeter observations alone. The findings of this study suggest that data from SWOT may have a substantial impact on improving the ocean model forecast of mesoscale features and surface ocean velocity. C1 [Carrier, Matthew J.; Ngodock, Hans E.; Smith, Scott R.] Naval Res Lab, Bldg 1009,Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Souopgui, Innocent] Univ Southern Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Bartels, Brent] Vencore Inc, Chantilly, VA USA. RP Carrier, MJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Bldg 1009,Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM matthew.carrier@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [N0001415WX00010] FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research under Grant N0001415WX00010. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 144 IS 10 BP 3767 EP 3782 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0361.1 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DY9EA UT WOS:000385435200013 ER PT J AU Grams, CM Archambault, HM AF Grams, Christian M. Archambault, Heather M. TI The Key Role of Diabatic Outflow in Amplifying the Midlatitude Flow: A Representative Case Study of Weather Systems Surrounding Western North Pacific Extratropical Transition SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID PREDECESSOR RAIN EVENTS; POTENTIAL-VORTICITY PERSPECTIVE; LATENT-HEAT RELEASE; TROPICAL CYCLONES; PART I; PRECIPITATION EVENTS; RESONANT INTERACTION; DOWNSTREAM IMPACTS; KOREAN PENINSULA; TROPOPAUSE FRONT AB Recurving tropical cyclones (TCs) undergoing extratropical transition (ET) may substantially modify the large-scale midlatitude flow pattern. This study highlights the role of diabatic outflow in midlatitude flow amplification within the context of a review of the physical and dynamical processes involved in ET. Composite fields of 12 western North Pacific ET cases are used as initial and boundary conditions for high-resolution numerical simulations of the North Pacific North American sector with and without the TC present. It is demonstrated that a three-stage sequence of diabatic outflow associated with different weather systems is involved in triggering a highly amplified midlatitude flow pattern: 1) preconditioning by a predecessor rain event (PRE), 2) TC extratropical flow interaction, and 3) downstream flow amplification by a downstream warm conveyor belt (WCB). An ensemble of perturbed simulations demonstrates the robustness of these stages. Beyond earlier studies investigating PREs, recurving TCs, and WCBs individually, here the fact that each impacts the midlatitude flow through a similar sequence of processes surrounding ET is highlighted. Latent heat release in rapidly ascending air leads to a net transport of low-PV air into the upper troposphere. Negative PV advection by the diabatically driven outflow initiates ridge building, accelerates and anchors a midlatitude jet streak, and overall amplifies the upper-level Rossby wave pattern. However, the three weather systems markedly differ in terms of the character of diabatic heating and associated outflow height, with the TC outflow reaching highest and the downstream WCB outflow producing the strongest negative PV anomaly. C1 [Grams, Christian M.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, Univ Str 16, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Archambault, Heather M.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. [Archambault, Heather M.] NOAA, Climate Program Off, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Grams, CM (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, Univ Str 16, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. EM christian.grams@env.ethz.ch RI Grams, Christian/E-5331-2016 OI Grams, Christian/0000-0003-3466-9389 FU German Research Foundation (DFG) as part of the research unit PANDOWAE [FOR896]; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) Ambizione fellowship [PZ00P2_148177/1]; Office of Naval Research Marine Meteorology Program [ONR-N0001413WX20832]; National Science Foundation [AGS-0849356]; U.K.'s National Centre for Atmospheric Science Computational Modeling Services (NCAS-CMS) FX The contribution of CMG was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) as part of the research unit PANDOWAE (FOR896) and finished while CMG held a Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) Ambizione fellowship (PZ00P2_148177/1). The majority of this work was performed while HMA was an NRC postdoctoral fellow at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California. The Office of Naval Research Marine Meteorology Program (Grant ONR-N0001413WX20832) and the National Science Foundation (Grant AGS-0849356) supported the contribution of HMA. We are deeply grateful to Heini Wernli for generous support that facilitated the collaboration. We acknowledge the Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), and the Center for Climate Systems Modeling (C2SM) at ETH Zurich for support with the COSMO model and for providing access to ECMWF data. We thank Sarah Jones, Pat Han, Rich Moore, and Heini Wernli for several discussions that helped interpreting the results and outlining the manuscript. Likewise we thank Julia Keller, Julian Quinting, Michael Riemer, the Atmospheric Dynamics group at ETH, and the PANDOWAE Young Scientists for sharing their ideas and discussing our project. We are grateful to Sylvaine Ferrachat, Anne Roches, and Stephan Pfahl for support running the COSMO model and providing the code for the no-LH experiment Thanks are due to Bob Creasey at NPS for his generous assistance to HMA in data processing. The data analysis and visualization was partly done using the NCAR Command Language (I.JCAR/NCAR/CISLNETS 2014). The code used to determine the QG forcing was derived from code in NDDIAG, a diagnostics package developed and supported by the U.K.'s National Centre for Atmospheric Science Computational Modeling Services (NCAS-CMS). We thank Maxi Boettcher, Heini Wernli, and Sue Gray for their support and giving access to this diagnostic. Finally, we thank the editor Ron McTaggart-Cowan and two anonymous reviewers for constructive criticism and thoughtful feedback that substantially helped to improve the presentation of our results. NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 144 IS 10 BP 3847 EP 3869 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0419.1 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DY9EA UT WOS:000385435200017 ER PT J AU Boyd, DA Frantz, JA Nimalan, R Busse, LE Kim, W Bayya, SS Sanghera, JS AF Boyd, Darryl A. Frantz, Jesse A. Nimalan, Raymond Busse, Lynda E. Kim, Woohong Bayya, Shyam S. Sanghera, Jasbinder S. TI Periodically patterned germanium surfaces modified to form superhydrophobic, IR-transmissive substrates SO OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID BUTTERFLY WINGS; BROAD-BAND; ANTIREFLECTION; SILICA; FILMS; WATER AB Various periodically patterned, infrared (IR) transmissive germanium substrates were surface modified to alter the surface wettability. Goniometric analysis showed that the surface modification rendered the substrates superhydrophobic. Following the surface modification, it was determined that the desirable IR transmission properties were maintained. Both the hydrophobicity and the IR transmission capabilities of the modified, patterned germanium substrates were shown to be significantly enhanced in comparison to a germanium substrate that underwent the same processes, but was devoid of nanostructures on its surface. The results of this work provide an opportunity for the development of enhanced utility infrared transmissive optics in wet or humid conditions. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Boyd, Darryl A.; Frantz, Jesse A.; Busse, Lynda E.; Kim, Woohong; Bayya, Shyam S.; Sanghera, Jasbinder S.] Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nimalan, Raymond] Univ Maryland, Sci & Engn Apprenticeship Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Boyd, DA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM darryl.boyd@nrl.navy.mil NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2159-3930 J9 OPT MATER EXPRESS JI Opt. Mater. Express PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 6 IS 10 BP 3254 EP 3261 DI 10.1364/OME.6.003254 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA DY8WD UT WOS:000385411600021 ER PT J AU Kalman, J Hedman, T AF Kalman, Joseph Hedman, Trevor TI On the Origin and Use of the Emissivity Approximations for Alumina Particles SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE Emissivity; Aluminum oxide; Pyrometry; Particle combustion ID ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTIONS; MIE SCATTERING; OXIDE AB The commonly used spectral dependences for the emissivity of aluminum oxide particles are investigated. Theoretical considerations from Mie theory and the optical properties of alumina give rise to inverse wavelength and (-2) dependences when particles fall within the Rayleigh scattering regime. Analysis of particles of an arbitrary size (i.e. outside the Rayleigh regime) demonstrates that no general relationship exists between the wavelength and the spectral emissivity of these particles contrary to what has been routinely applied in the literature. This result was attributed to the dependence of both the spectral dependence and magnitude of the complex refractive index on the spectral emissivity. The significance of these results to applications (e.g. aluminized propellants) is discussed. C1 [Kalman, Joseph; Hedman, Trevor] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Combust Sci & Prop Res Branch, Weap Div, Code 477400D,1 Adm Circle,Stop 1109, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Kalman, J (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Combust Sci & Prop Res Branch, Weap Div, Code 477400D,1 Adm Circle,Stop 1109, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM joseph.kalman@navy.mil FU NAVAIR ILIR program FX This work was supported by the NAVAIR ILIR program, managed at ONR by the N-STAR program (Naval Research - Science and Technology for America's Readiness) administered by Lee Cambrea. The authors would also like to thank Michael Soo for his discussions and bringing this need to their attention. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 EI 1521-4087 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 41 IS 5 BP 793 EP 797 DI 10.1002/prep.201600109 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA DZ4LH UT WOS:000385829600004 ER PT J AU Steinberg, M Stack, J Paluszkiewicz, T AF Steinberg, Marc Stack, Jason Paluszkiewicz, Terri TI Long duration autonomy for maritime systems: challenges and opportunities SO AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS LA English DT Article C1 [Steinberg, Marc; Stack, Jason; Paluszkiewicz, Terri] Off Naval Res, 875 N Randolph, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Steinberg, M (reprint author), Off Naval Res, 875 N Randolph, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. EM marc.steinberg@navy.mil; jason.stack@navy.mil; terri.paluszkiewicz@navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-5593 EI 1573-7527 J9 AUTON ROBOT JI Auton. Robot. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 40 IS 7 SI SI BP 1119 EP 1122 DI 10.1007/s10514-016-9582-0 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Computer Science; Robotics GA DY5QT UT WOS:000385157300003 ER PT J AU Babich, YV Feigelson, BN Chepurov, AI AF Babich, Yu. V. Feigelson, B. N. Chepurov, A. I. TI Manifestation of nitrogen interstitials in synthetic diamonds obtained using a temperature gradient technique (Fe-Ni-C system) SO GEOCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE synthetic diamond; temperature gradient technique; impurities; nitrogen ID INFRARED-ABSORPTION; OPTICAL-CENTERS; GROWTH-RATE; AGGREGATION; NICKEL; DEFECTS; COBALT AB The IR-peak 1450 cm(-1) (H1a-center) associated with nitrogen interstitials have been studied in nitrogen-bearing diamonds synthesized at high P-T parameters in the Fe-Ni-C system. FTIR study shows that manifestation of this nitrogen form is restricted to the regions of active transformation of C-defects into A-defects, which confirms the connection of its formation with C => A aggregation process. An examination of the dependence of the 1450 cm(-1) peak on the degree of nitrogen aggregation indicates that H1a-centers are not only formed during C/A aggregation but also disappear simultaneously with the end of C => A transformation. Established facts suggest direct involving of nitrogen as interstitials in the C => A aggregation and serve as strong experimental argument in support of the "interstitial" mechanism of nitrogen migration during aggregation in diamonds containing transition metals. C1 [Babich, Yu. V.; Chepurov, A. I.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Mineral, Siberian Branch, Pr Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Feigelson, B. N.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Babich, YV (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Mineral, Siberian Branch, Pr Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. EM babich@igm.nsc.ru FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [15-05-04633a] FX This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 15-05-04633a). NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 0016-7029 EI 1556-1968 J9 GEOCHEM INT+ JI Geochem. Int. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 54 IS 10 BP 922 EP 927 DI 10.1134/S0016702916100025 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DY6DQ UT WOS:000385196900010 ER PT J AU Insler, M Compton, J Schmitt, P AF Insler, Michael Compton, James Schmitt, Pamela TI The investment decisions of young adults under relaxed borrowing constraints SO JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Survey methods; Behavioral economics; Personal finance; Investment decisions ID HOLD STOCKS; RISK; PEER; PARTICIPATION; PERSONALITY; OUTCOMES AB Students at the United States Naval Academy have the opportunity to take a Career Starter Loan (CSL). Two military-oriented banks offer these large personal loans at very low interest rates to all students. Thus the CSL provides a novel opportunity to study the behavior of a sample of borrowers that is not selected due to credit history and is often too liquidity-constrained to invest. Using survey data, this paper examines borrowers' investment and consumption decisions in relation to their cognitive ability (measured by the Cognitive Reflection Test, the SAT, and grade point average), personality traits (captured by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator), and other demographic characteristics. Tobit models reveal that: (1) cognitive ability is positively associated with more investment and riskier choices; (2) some MBTI personality traits are strong predictors of investment behavior; (3) individuals with prior investment experience or who view themselves as financially literate tend to invest more and with more risk; (4) these findings are largely consistent across students from all income levels. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Insler, Michael; Schmitt, Pamela] US Naval Acad, Dept Econ, 589 McNair Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Compton, James] US Naval, 185 Black River Rd, Long Valley, NJ 07853 USA. RP Schmitt, P (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Econ, 589 McNair Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM insler@usna.edu; jake.compton@gmail.com; pschmitt@usna.edu NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2214-8043 EI 2214-8051 J9 J BEHAV EXP ECON JI J. Behav. Exp. Econ. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 64 SI SI BP 106 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.socec.2015.07.004 PG 16 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA DY1JW UT WOS:000384852300012 ER PT J AU Walchak, AC Zarow, GJ Gamble, CS Conley, SP AF Walchak, Alexandra C. Zarow, Gregory J. Gamble, C. Scott Conley, Sean P. TI Simple blood typing and cross matching techniques in swine SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Editorial Material ID PIGS C1 [Walchak, Alexandra C.] Henry M Jackson Inc, Fdn Adv Mil Med, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Walchak, Alexandra C.; Zarow, Gregory J.; Gamble, C. Scott; Conley, Sean P.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Combat Trauma Res Grp, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Walchak, AC (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Inc, Fdn Adv Mil Med, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.; Walchak, AC (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Combat Trauma Res Grp, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM awalchak@gmail.com NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0093-7355 EI 1548-4475 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 45 IS 10 BP 366 EP 368 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DY4FU UT WOS:000385055200019 PM 27654686 ER PT J AU Beyer-Westendorf, J Camm, AJ Coleman, CI Tamayo, CAPTS AF Beyer-Westendorf, Jan Camm, A. John Coleman, Craig I. Tamayo, C. A. P. T. Sally TI Rivaroxaban real-world evidence: Validating safety and effectiveness in clinical practice SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article ID DRESDEN NOAC REGISTRY; NONVALVULAR ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; DAILY-CARE PATIENTS; INFORMED TREATMENT; OUTCOMES REGISTRY; ORBIT-AF; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; ORAL ANTICOAGULATION; STROKE PREVENTION; GARFIELD REGISTRY AB Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard of clinical research as they use-rigorous methodologies, detailed protocols, pre-specified statistical analyses and well-defined patient cohorts. However, RCTs do not take into account the complexity of real-world cliriical decision-making. To tackle this, real-world data are being increasingly used to evaluate the long-term safety and effectiveness of a given therapy in routine clinical practice and in patients who may not be represented in RCTs, addressing key clinical questions that may remain. Real-world evidence plays a substantial role in supporting the use of non-vitamin K antagonist (VKA) oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in clinical practice. By providing data on patient profiles and the use of anticoagulation therapies in routine clinical practice, real world evidence expands the current awareness of NOACs, helping to ensure that clinicians are well-informed on their use to implement patient-tailored clinical decisions. There are various issues with current anticoagulation strategies, including under- or overtreatment and frequent monitoring with VKAs. Real-world studies have demonstrated that NOAC use is increasing (Dresden NOAC registry and Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-AF [GARFIELD-AF]), as well as reaffirming the safety and effectiveness of rivaroxaban previously observed in RCTs (XArelto on preveNtion of sTroke and non-central nervoUS system systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation [XANTUS] and IMS Disease Analyzer). This article will describe the latest updates in real-world evidence across a variety of methodologies, such as non-interventional studies (NIS), registries and database analyses studies. It is anticipated that these studies will provide valuable clinical insights into the management of thromboembolism, and enhance the current knowledge on anticoagulant use and outcomes for patients. C1 [Beyer-Westendorf, Jan] Univ Hosp Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany. [Camm, A. John] St Georges Univ London, London, England. [Camm, A. John] Imperial Coll, London, England. [Coleman, Craig I.] Univ Connecticut, Sch Pharm, Storrs, CT USA. [Tamayo, C. A. P. T. Sally] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Beyer-Westendorf, J (reprint author), Tech Univ Dresden, Univ Hosp Carl Gustav Carus, Ctr Vasc Med, Fetscherstr 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany. EM jan.beyer@uniklinikum-dresden.de FU Bayer Pharma AG FX Editorial support was funded by Bayer Pharma AG. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU SCHATTAUER GMBH-VERLAG MEDIZIN NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN PI STUTTGART PA HOLDERLINSTRASSE 3, D-70174 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 116 SU 2 BP S13 EP S23 DI 10.1160/TH16-06-0485 PG 11 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA DY3AV UT WOS:000384964100003 ER PT J AU Seney, SD Huffman, RE Bailey, W Liu, D Reeder, MF Stults, J AF Seney, Steven D. Huffman, Richard E. Bailey, William Liu, David Reeder, Mark F. Stults, Joshua TI Improving Performance of a Sliding Dielectric Barrier Discharge Actuator Using Multiple Potentials SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PLASMA ACTUATORS C1 [Seney, Steven D.] Air Force Inst Technol, LCDR, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Huffman, Richard E.; Liu, David; Reeder, Mark F.; Stults, Joshua] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Bailey, William] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Seney, Steven D.] US Navy, Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxet River, MD USA. RP Reeder, MF (reprint author), Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM mark.reeder@afit.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 54 IS 10 BP 3317 EP 3320 DI 10.2514/1.J055108 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DX5TH UT WOS:000384444400033 ER PT J AU Adams, IS Bettenhausen, MH AF Adams, Ian S. Bettenhausen, Michael H. TI Brightness Temperature Simulation of Observed Precipitation Using a Three-Dimensional Radiative Transfer Model SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MEASURING MISSION TRMM; MICROWAVE; RETRIEVALS; WINDSAT; ALGORITHM; ORBIT AB This study demonstrates the capabilities of a three-dimensional radiative transfer model coupled to a polarized microwave surface emissivity model. Simulations are performed at 10, 19, and 37 GHz for TMI and WindSat using three-dimensional fields of rain, snow, and graupel derived from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission observations of moderate Tropical Storm Asma in conjunction with atmospheric profiles and surface fields from ECMWF. Simulations are well behaved and compare well with measured brightness temperatures. Comparisons are made between simulations with a wind-roughened surface and simulations assuming a specular surface. This theoretical study, which is supported with WindSat retrievals, shows the frequencies and conditions under which surface emissions may be detected in the presence of rain. C1 [Adams, Ian S.; Bettenhausen, Michael H.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7233,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Adams, IS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7233,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ian.adams@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [PE-61153N] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through the 6.1 base program (PE-61153N). The authors thank Drs. S. Buehler and P. Eriksson and the ARTS team for making their codebase publicly available. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 EI 1520-0426 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 33 IS 10 BP 2053 EP 2064 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-15-0241.1 PG 12 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DX7AG UT WOS:000384537400001 ER PT J AU Lewis, JR Campbell, JR Welton, EJ Stewart, SA Haftings, PC AF Lewis, Jasper R. Campbell, James R. Welton, Ellsworth J. Stewart, Sebastian A. Haftings, Phillip C. TI Overview of MPLNET, Version 3, Cloud Detection SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL CIRRUS CLOUDS; DEPOLARIZATION RATIO; CLIMATE-RESEARCH; CALIPSO LIDAR; MICROPULSE; RADIATION; SATELLITE; MISSION; ISCCP; MODIS AB The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Micro Pulse Lidar Network, version 3, cloud detection algorithm is described and differences relative to the previous version are highlighted. Clouds are identified from normalized level 1 signal profiles using two complementary methods. The first method considers vertical signal derivatives for detecting low-level clouds. The second method, which detects high-level clouds like cirrus, is based on signal uncertainties necessitated by the relatively low signal-to-noise ratio exhibited in the upper troposphere by eye-safe network instruments, especially during daytime. Furthermore, a multitemporal averaging scheme is used to improve cloud detection under conditions of a weak signal-to-noise ratio. Diurnal and seasonal cycles of cloud occurrence frequency based on one year of measurements at the Goddard Space Flight Center (Greenbelt, Maryland) site are compared for the new and previous versions. The largest differences, and perceived improvement, in detection occurs for high clouds (above 5 km, above MSL), which increase in occurrence by over 5%. There is also an increase in the detection of multilayered cloud profiles from 9% to 19%. Macrophysical properties and estimates of cloud optical depth are presented for a transparent cirrus dataset. However, the limit to which the cirrus cloud optical depth could be reliably estimated occurs between 0.5 and 0.8. A comparison using collocated CALIPSO measurements at the Goddard Space Flight Center and Singapore Micro Pulse Lidar Network (MPLNET) sites indicates improvements in cloud occurrence frequencies and layer heights. C1 [Lewis, Jasper R.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Campbell, James R.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Lewis, Jasper R.; Welton, Ellsworth J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 612, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Stewart, Sebastian A.; Haftings, Phillip C.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA. RP Lewis, JR (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 612, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM jasper.r.lewis@nasa.gov RI Campbell, James/C-4884-2012 OI Campbell, James/0000-0003-0251-4550 FU NASA Earth Observing System; NASA Radiation Sciences Program; NASA [NNG13HH10I] FX The authors acknowledge Larry Belcher for processing the V2 lidar data, and the MPLNET PIs and staff for their efforts in establishing and maintaining the GSFC and Singapore sites. The GEOS-5 meteorological data were provided by the NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) at GSFC. The NASA Micro Pulse Lidar Network is funded by the NASA Earth Observing System and the NASA Radiation Sciences Program. CALIPSO data were obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center. Author JRC acknowledges the support of NASA Interagency Agreement NNG13HH10I on behalf of MPLNET. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 EI 1520-0426 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 33 IS 10 BP 2113 EP 2134 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-15-0190.1 PG 22 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DX7AG UT WOS:000384537400005 ER PT J AU Stepanovich, M Bastrom, TP Munch, J Roocroft, JH Edmonds, EW Pennock, AT AF Stepanovich, Matthew Bastrom, Tracey P. Munch, John, III Roocroft, Joanna H. Edmonds, Eric W. Pennock, Andrew T. TI Does operative fixation affect outcomes of displaced medial epicondyle fractures? SO JOURNAL OF CHILDRENS ORTHOPAEDICS LA English DT Article DE Medial epicondyle fractures; Outcomes; Nonoperative; Operative ID HUMERAL EPICONDYLE; CHILDREN; ELBOW AB Long-term functional results remain equivocal between operative fixation and closed management of displaced humeral medial epicondyle fractures. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a functional difference exists between treatment types. One hundred and forty patients with a displaced medial epicondyle fracture between 2007 and 2014 met the inclusion criteria. Of this large cohort, only 12 patients agreed to return to clinic at a mean follow-up of 3 years for prospective evaluation. Data collection included radiographs, physical examination, validated outcome tools, and grip strength testing with a Jamar dynamometer. Both groups were comparable with regard to age, dominant side injured, length of follow-up, preinjury sports involvement, and initial displacement (10 mm operative vs. 9 mm nonoperative); however, half of the surgical group presented with an associated unreduced elbow dislocation versus 0 % in the nonoperative group. Both treatment methods resulted in high patient satisfaction and elbow function scores. There were four osseous nonunions (67 %) and one malunion (17 %) in the nonoperative group versus none in the operative group (p = 0.015). Patients treated nonoperatively had a nonsignificant decrease in grip strength (9 +/- A 6 lbs) as compared to operative patients (6 +/- A 5 lbs, medium effect size eta = 0.25, p = 0.25). In this small cohort, operative management of displaced medial epicondyle fractures resulted in a higher rate of fracture union and return to sports. Other objective and subjective measures were similar between the two treatment groups. C1 [Stepanovich, Matthew] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Bastrom, Tracey P.; Munch, John, III; Roocroft, Joanna H.; Edmonds, Eric W.; Pennock, Andrew T.] Rady Childrens Hosp San Diego, Pediat Orthoped & Scoliosis Ctr, 3030 Childrens Way,Suite 410, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. [Edmonds, Eric W.; Pennock, Andrew T.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Orthoped Surg, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Pennock, AT (reprint author), Rady Childrens Hosp San Diego, Pediat Orthoped & Scoliosis Ctr, 3030 Childrens Way,Suite 410, San Diego, CA 92123 USA.; Pennock, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Orthoped Surg, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. EM apennock@rchsd.org NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1863-2521 EI 1863-2548 J9 J CHILD ORTHOP JI J. Child. Orthop. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 10 IS 5 BP 413 EP 419 DI 10.1007/s11832-016-0757-1 PG 7 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA DX7FG UT WOS:000384551400007 PM 27393557 ER PT J AU Eckermann, SD Broutman, D Ma, J Doyle, JD Pautet, PD Taylor, MJ Bossert, K Williams, BP Fritts, DC Smith, RB AF Eckermann, Stephen D. Broutman, Dave Ma, Jun Doyle, James D. Pautet, Pierre-Dominique Taylor, Michael J. Bossert, Katrina Williams, Bifford P. Fritts, David C. Smith, Ronald B. TI Dynamics of Orographic Gravity Waves Observed in the Mesosphere over the Auckland Islands during the Deep Propagating Gravity Wave Experiment (DEEPWAVE) SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID TRAPPED LEE WAVES; GENERAL-CIRCULATION; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; FROUDE-NUMBER; DRAG; PARAMETERIZATION; PERTURBATIONS; STRATOSPHERE; ATMOSPHERE; AIRCRAFT AB On 14 July 2014 during the Deep Propagating Gravity Wave Experiment (DEEPWAVE), aircraft remote sensing instruments detected large-amplitude gravity wave oscillations within mesospheric airglow and sodium layers at altitudes z similar to 78-83 km downstream of the Auckland Islands, located similar to 1000 km south of Christchurch, New Zealand. A high-altitude reanalysis and a three-dimensional Fourier gravity wave model are used to investigate the dynamics of this event. At 0700 UTC when the first observations were made, surface flow across the islands' terrain generated linear three-dimensional wave fields that propagated rapidly to z similar to 78 km, where intense breaking occurred in a narrow layer beneath a zero-wind region at z similar to 83 km. In the following hours, the altitude of weak winds descended under the influence of a large-amplitude migrating semidiurnal tide, leading to intense breaking of these wave fields in subsequent observations starting at 1000 UTC. The linear Fourier model constrained by upstream reanalysis reproduces the salient aspects of observed wave fields, including horizontal wavelengths, phase orientations, temperature and vertical displacement amplitudes, heights and locations of incipient wave breaking, and momentum fluxes. Wave breaking has huge effects on local circulations, with inferred layer-averaged westward flow accelerations of similar to 350 ms(-1) h(-1) and dynamical heating rates of similar to 8K h(-1), supporting recent speculation of important impacts of orographic gravity waves from subantarctic islands on the mean circulation and climate of the middle atmosphere during austral winter. C1 [Eckermann, Stephen D.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC USA. [Broutman, Dave; Ma, Jun] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA USA. [Doyle, James D.] US Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. [Pautet, Pierre-Dominique; Taylor, Michael J.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Bossert, Katrina; Williams, Bifford P.; Fritts, David C.] GATS Inc, Boulder, CO USA. [Smith, Ronald B.] Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT USA. RP Eckermann, SD (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Geospace Sci & Technol Branch, Div Space Sci, Code 7631,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM stephen.eckermann@nrl.navy.mil FU NSF [AGS-1061892, AGS-1261619, AGS-1338557, AGS-1338666, AGS-1338646, AGS-1338655]; base 6.1 and platform support programs [PE-61153N]; DEEPWAVE Data Archive Center at NCAR's Earth Observing Laboratory; DoD High Performance Computer Modernization Program FX NGV MLT instruments were funded by NSF Grants AGS-1061892 (USU) and AGS-1261619 (GATS). Scientific contributions were funded by NSF Grants AGS-1338557 (DB and JM), AGS-1338666 (PDP and MJT), AGS-1338646 (KB, BPW, and DCF), and AGS-1338655 (RBS). SDE and JDD acknowledge generous support of the Chief of Naval Research via the base 6.1 and platform support programs (PE-61153N). RF23 is a testament to the dedication and flight-planning skills of the entire DEEPWAVE mission team: particular thanks go to Jim Doyle and Pavel Romashkin as the NGV mission scientist and flight manager, respectively, for RF23. The authors acknowledge support of the DEEPWAVE Data Archive Center at NCAR's Earth Observing Laboratory (https://www.eol.ucar.edu/field_projects/deepwave/). The NAVGEM reanalyses were facilitated by the DoD High Performance Computer Modernization Program via grants of computer time at the Navy DoD Supercomputing Resource Center. The ASTER global digital elevation model version 2 (GDEM V2) is a product of METI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan) and NASA. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 10 U2 10 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 73 IS 10 BP 3855 EP 3876 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-16-0059.1 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DX8YZ UT WOS:000384679900005 ER PT J AU Gerber, H Malinowski, SP Jonsson, H AF Gerber, H. Malinowski, Szymon P. Jonsson, Haflidi TI Evaporative and Radiative Cooling in POST Stratocumulus SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CLOUD-TOP ENTRAINMENT; MARINE STRATOCUMULUS; BUOYANCY REVERSAL; MIXED LAYERS; INSTABILITY; PHYSICS AB Buoyancy reversal by evaporative cooling in entrainment holes has a minimal influence on stratocumulus (Sc) observed during the Physics of Stratocumulus Top (POST) aircraft field study held off the California coast in 2008. High-resolution temperature and microphysics measurements show only small differences for Sc with and without buoyancy reversal predicted by mixing fraction analysis that relates mixtures of cloudy air and free-atmospheric air to buoyancies of the mixtures. The reduction of LWC due to evaporation in the holes is a small percentage (average similar to 12%) of liquid water diluted in the Sc by entrainment from the entrainment interface layer (EIL) located above unbroken cloud top where most mixing, evaporation, and reduction of the large buoyancy jump between the cloud and free atmosphere occur. Entrainment is dominated by radiative cooling at cloud top. C1 [Gerber, H.] Gerber Sci Inc, 1643 Bentana Way, Reston, VA 20190 USA. [Malinowski, Szymon P.] Univ Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. [Jonsson, Haflidi] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Gerber, H (reprint author), Gerber Sci Inc, 1643 Bentana Way, Reston, VA 20190 USA. EM hgerber6@comcast.net RI Malinowski, Szymon/A-5237-2010 OI Malinowski, Szymon/0000-0003-4987-7017 FU National Science Foundation; Office of Naval Research; Polish National Science Center [DEC-2013/08/A/ST10/00291] FX POST was supported by the National Science Foundation and the Office of Naval Research. SPM acknowledges support from the Polish National Science Center (Contract DEC-2013/08/A/ST10/00291). NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 10 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 73 IS 10 BP 3877 EP 3884 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-16-0023.1 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DX8YZ UT WOS:000384679900006 ER PT J AU Hung, CS Zingarelli, S Nadeau, LJ Biffinger, JC Drake, CA Crouch, AL Barlow, DE Russell, JN Crookes-Goodson, WJ AF Hung, Chia-Suei Zingarelli, Sandra Nadeau, Lloyd J. Biffinger, Justin C. Drake, Carrie A. Crouch, Audra L. Barlow, Daniel E. Russell, John N., Jr. Crookes-Goodson, Wendy J. TI Carbon Catabolite Repression and Impranil Polyurethane Degradation in Pseudomonas protegens Strain Pf-5 SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; POLYESTER-POLYURETHANE; LIPASE PRODUCTION; FLUORESCENS; BIODEGRADATION; CHLORORAPHIS; AERUGINOSA; SOIL; RNA; PURIFICATION AB Polyester polyurethane (PU) coatings are widely used to help protect underlying structural surfaces but are susceptible to biological degradation. PUs are susceptible to degradation by Pseudomonas species, due in part to the degradative activity of secreted hydrolytic enzymes. Microorganisms often respond to environmental cues by secreting enzymes or secondary metabolites to benefit their survival. This study investigated the impact of exposing several Pseudomonas strains to select carbon sources on the degradation of the colloidal polyester polyurethane Impranil DLN (Impranil). The prototypic Pseudomonas protegens strain Pf-5 exhibited Impranil-degrading activities when grown in sodium citrate but not in glucose-containing medium. Glucose also inhibited the induction of Impranil-degrading activity by citrate-fed Pf-5 in a dose-dependent manner. Biochemical and mutational analyses identified two extracellular lipases present in the Pf-5 culture supernatant (PueA and PueB) that were involved in degradation of Impranil. Deletion of the pueA gene reduced Impranil-clearing activities, while pueB deletion exhibited little effect. Removal of both genes was necessary to stop degradation of the polyurethane. Bioinformatic analysis showed that putative Cbr/Hfq/Crc-mediated regulatory elements were present in the intergenic sequences upstream of both pueA and pueB genes. Our results confirmed that both PueA and PueB extracellular enzymes act in concert to degrade Impranil. Furthermore, our data showed that carbon sources in the growth medium directly affected the levels of Impranil-degrading activity but that carbon source effects varied among Pseudomonas strains. This study uncovered an intricate and complicated regulation of P. protegens PU degradation activity controlled by carbon catabolite repression. IMPORTANCE Polyurethane (PU) coatings are commonly used to protect metals from corrosion. Microbiologically induced PU degradation might pose a substantial problem for the integrity of these coatings. Microorganisms from diverse genera, including pseudomonads, possess the ability to degrade PUs via various means. This work identified two extracellular lipases, PueA and PueB, secreted by P. protegens strain Pf-5, to be responsible for the degradation of a colloidal polyester PU, Impranil. This study also revealed that the expression of the degradative activity by strain Pf-5 is controlled by glucose carbon catabolite repression. Furthermore, this study showed that the Impranil-degrading activity of many other Pseudomonas strains could be influenced by different carbon sources. This work shed light on the carbon source regulation of PU degradation activity among pseudomonads and identified the polyurethane lipases in P. protegens. C1 [Hung, Chia-Suei; Zingarelli, Sandra; Nadeau, Lloyd J.; Drake, Carrie A.; Crouch, Audra L.; Crookes-Goodson, Wendy J.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Soft Matter Mat Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Hung, Chia-Suei; Zingarelli, Sandra; Drake, Carrie A.; Crouch, Audra L.] UES Inc, Dayton, OH USA. [Biffinger, Justin C.; Barlow, Daniel E.; Russell, John N., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC USA. RP Crookes-Goodson, WJ (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Soft Matter Mat Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM wendy.goodson.1@us.af.mil FU DOD \ AF \ Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [12RX14COR] FX This work, including the efforts of Justin C. Biffinger, Carrie A. Drake, Audra L. Crouch, Daniel E. Barlow, John N. Russell, Wendy J. Crookes-Goodson, Chia Hung, Sandra Zingarelli, and Lloyd J. Nadeau, was funded by DOD vertical bar AF vertical bar Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (12RX14COR). NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 82 IS 20 BP 6080 EP 6090 DI 10.1128/AEM.01448-16 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA DX5RP UT WOS:000384439700001 PM 27496773 ER PT J AU Cusick, KD Lin, BC Malanoski, AP Strycharz-Glaven, SM Cockrell-Zugell, A Fitzgerald, LA Cramer, JA Barlow, DE Boyd, TJ Biffinger, JC AF Cusick, Kathleen D. Lin, Baochuan Malanoski, Anthony P. Strycharz-Glaven, Sarah M. Cockrell-Zugell, Allison Fitzgerald, Lisa A. Cramer, Jeffrey A. Barlow, Daniel E. Boyd, Thomas J. Biffinger, Justin C. TI Molecular Mechanisms Contributing to the Growth and Physiology of an Extremophile Cultured with Dielectric Heating SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELD; THERMUS-SCOTODUCTUS; MICROWAVE-RADIATION; CELL-MEMBRANE; RICH SOURCE; IRRADIATION; FAMILY; VISUALIZATION; BIOSYNTHESIS AB The effect of microwave frequency electromagnetic fields on living microorganisms is an active and highly contested area of research. One of the major drawbacks to using mesophilic organisms to study microwave radiation effects is the unavoidable heating of the organism, which has limited the scale (<5 ml) and duration (<1 h) of experiments. However, the negative effects of heating a mesophile can be mitigated by employing thermophiles (organisms able to grow at temperatures of > 60 degrees C). This study identified changes in global gene expression profiles during the growth of Thermus scotoductus SA-01 at 65 degrees C using dielectric (2.45 GHz, i.e., microwave) heating. RNA sequencing was performed on cultures at 8, 14, and 24 h after inoculation to determine the molecular mechanisms contributing to long-term cellular growth and survival under microwave heating conditions. Over the course of growth, genes associated with amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and defense mechanisms were upregulated; the number of repressed genes with unknown function increased; and at all time points, transposases were upregulated. Genes involved in cell wall biogenesis and elongation were also upregulated, consistent with the distinct elongated cell morphology observed after 24 h using microwave heating. Analysis of the global differential gene expression data enabled the identification of molecular processes specific to the response of T. scotoductus SA-01 to dielectric heating during growth. IMPORTANCE The residual heating of living organisms in the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum has complicated the identification of radiation-only effects using microorganisms for 50 years. A majority of the previous experiments used either mature cells or short exposure times with low-energy high-frequency radiation. Using global differential gene expression data, we identified molecular processes unique to dielectric heating using Thermus scotoductus SA-01 cultured over 30 h in a commercial microwave digestor. Genes associated with amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and defense mechanisms were upregulated; the number of repressed genes with unknown function increased; and at all time points, transposases were upregulated. These findings serve as a platform for future studies with mesophiles in order to better understand the response of microorganisms to microwave radiation. C1 [Cusick, Kathleen D.; Cockrell-Zugell, Allison] US Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council Res Associate Programs, Div Chem, Washington, DC USA. [Lin, Baochuan; Malanoski, Anthony P.; Strycharz-Glaven, Sarah M.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Div Chem, Washington, DC USA. [Fitzgerald, Lisa A.; Cramer, Jeffrey A.; Barlow, Daniel E.; Boyd, Thomas J.; Biffinger, Justin C.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Biffinger, JC (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Justin.biffinger@nrl.navy.mil RI Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011 OI Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X FU DOD | United States Navy | Naval Research Laboratory/Office of Naval Research (NRL/ONR) Funds FX This work, including the efforts of Kathleen D. Cusick, Baochuan Lin, Anthony Malanoski, Sarah M. Strycharz-Glaven, Allison Cockrell-Zugell, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Jeffrey Cramer, Daniel E. Barlow, Thomas J. Boyd, and Justin C. Biffinger, was funded by DOD | United States Navy | Naval Research Laboratory/Office of Naval Research (NRL/ONR) 6.1 Funds. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 82 IS 20 BP 6233 EP 6246 DI 10.1128/AEM.02020-16 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA DX5RP UT WOS:000384439700016 PM 27520819 ER PT J AU Zhao, QY Haack, T Mclay, J Reynolds, C AF Zhao, Qingyun Haack, Tracy Mclay, Justin Reynolds, Carolyn TI Ensemble Prediction of Atmospheric Refractivity Conditions for EM Propagation SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANALYSIS PERTURBATION SCHEME; BOUNDARY-LAYER; DATA ASSIMILATION; KALMAN FILTER; MESOSCALE; SYSTEM; SIMULATION; TRANSFORM; MODEL; GULF AB An ensemble forecast system has been developed at the Naval Research Laboratory to improve the analyses and forecasts of atmospheric refractivity for electromagnetic (EM) propagation with the intention of accounting for uncertainties in model forecast errors. Algorithms for a matrix of ensemble statistics have been developed to analyze the probability, location, intensity, and structure of ducting of various types. Major parameters of ducting layers and their ensemble statistics are calculated from the ensemble forecasts. Their relationships to the large-scale and mesoscale environment are also investigated. The Wallops Island field experiment from late April to early May 2000 is selected to evaluate the system. During the spring season, this coastal region maintains a strong sea surface temperature gradient between cold shelf waters and the warm Gulf Stream, where the boundaries between land, the coastal water, and the Gulf Stream have a strong influence on marine boundary layer structures and the formation of ducting layers. Sounding profiles during the field experiment are used in the study to further understand the structures of the ducting layers and also to validate the ensemble forecast system. While some advantages of the ensemble system over the deterministic forecast for atmospheric refractivity prediction in the boundary layer are studied and demonstrated in this study, the weaknesses of the current ensemble system are revealed for future improvement of the system. C1 [Zhao, Qingyun; Haack, Tracy; Mclay, Justin; Reynolds, Carolyn] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. RP Zhao, QY (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Mail Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM allen.zhao@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Chief of Naval Research through the NRL Base Program [PE 0601153N, PE 0602435N]; ONR [N0001415WX00849] FX The authors thank Drs. Teddy Holt and Jim Hansen of the Marine Meteorology Division, Naval Research Laboratory. Their help and constructive discussions on COAMPS ensemble forecasts and the ensemble statistics are greatly appreciated. This research was supported by the Chief of Naval Research through the NRL Base Program, PE 0601153N, PE 0602435N, and ONR-sponsored research project N0001415WX00849. The computational resource was provided by the Department of Defense Super-computing Resource Centers at the Navy Oceanographic Office and the Air Force Research Laboratory. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 EI 1558-8432 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 55 IS 10 BP 2113 EP 2130 DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-16-0033.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DX2ME UT WOS:000384203300001 ER PT J AU Radko, T AF Radko, Timour TI Thermohaline layering in dynamically and diffusively stable shear flows SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE convection; double diffusive convection ID ARCTIC-OCEAN; MERGING EVENTS; INTERNAL WAVES; CONVECTION; STAIRCASES; STABILITY; HEAT; TRANSPORT; GRADIENTS; SALINITY AB In this study we examine two-component shear flows that are stable with respect to Kelvin-Helmholtz and to double-diffusive instabilities individually. Our focus is on diffusively stratified ocean regions, where relatively warm and salty water masses are located below cool fresh ones. It is shown that such systems may be destabilized by the interplay between shear and thermohaline effects, caused by unequal molecular diffusivities of density components. Linear stability analysis suggests that parallel two-component flows can be unstable for Richardson numbers exceeding the critical value for non-dissipative systems (Ri = 1/4) by up to four orders of magnitude. Direct numerical simulations indicate that these instabilities transform the initially linear density stratification into a series of well-defined horizontal layers. It is hypothesized that the combined thermohaline-shear instabilities could be ultimately responsible for the widespread occurrence of thermohaline staircases in diffusively stable regions of the World Ocean. C1 [Radko, Timour] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Radko, T (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM tradko@nps.edu FU National Science Foundation [OCE 1334914]; NSF [OCI-1053575] FX The author thanks E. Edwards, J. Brown and the reviewers for helpful comments. Support of the National Science Foundation (grant OCE 1334914) is gratefully acknowledged. The computing resources were supplied by the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) programme, which is supported by the NSF grant number OCI-1053575. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 EI 1469-7645 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 805 BP 147 EP 170 DI 10.1017/jfm.2016.547 PG 24 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA DX4DT UT WOS:000384332000010 ER PT J AU Souopgui, I Ngodock, HE Vidard, A Le Dimet, FX AF Souopgui, Innocent Ngodock, Hans E. Vidard, Arthur Le Dimet, Francois-Xavier TI Incremental projection approach of regularization for inverse problems SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND OPTIMIZATION LA English DT Article DE Regularization; Projection; Inverse problems; Motion estimation ID ILL-POSED PROBLEMS; COMPUTING OPTICAL-FLOW; THRESHOLDING ALGORITHM; IMAGE MOTION; EARLY VISION; FIELDS; COMPUTATION; SHRINKAGE; NOISE AB This paper presents an alternative approach to the regularized least squares solution of ill-posed inverse problems. Instead of solving a minimization problem with an objective function composed of a data term and a regularization term, the regularization information is used to define a projection onto a convex subspace of regularized candidate solutions. The objective function is modified to include the projection of each iterate in the place of the regularization. Numerical experiments based on the problem of motion estimation for geophysical fluid images, show the improvement of the proposed method compared with regularization methods. For the presented test case, the incremental projection method uses 7 times less computation time than the regularization method, to reach the same error target. Moreover, at convergence, the incremental projection is two order of magnitude more accurate than the regularization method. C1 [Souopgui, Innocent] Univ Southern Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, 1020 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Ngodock, Hans E.] Naval Res Lab, 1009 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Vidard, Arthur; Le Dimet, Francois-Xavier] Lab Jean Kuntzmann, 51 Rue Maths, F-38400 St Martin Dheres, France. RP Souopgui, I (reprint author), Univ Southern Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, 1020 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM innocent.souopgui@usm.edu; hans.ngodock@nrlssc.navy.mil; arthur.vidard@imag.fr; ledimet@imag.fr OI Souopgui, Innocent/0000-0002-7049-4611 FU Office of Naval Research [0601153N]; French National Research Agency FX Part of this work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research Program Element 0601153N as part of the "Variational Data Assimilation for Ocean Prediction" and "A Multiscale Approach to Assessing Predictability of ASW Environment" projects. This paper is NRL paper contribution number NRL/JA/7320-14-xxx. Francois-Xavier LeDimet and Arthur Vidard were sponsored by the French National Research Agency through projects ADDISA and VODA NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-4616 EI 1432-0606 J9 APPL MATH OPT JI Appl. Math. Optim. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 74 IS 2 BP 303 EP 324 DI 10.1007/s00245-015-9315-3 PG 22 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA DW2HT UT WOS:000383464200003 ER PT J AU Bermudez, E McDaniel, A Dickerson, T Prak, DL Hamilton, L Cowart, J AF Bermudez, Eric McDaniel, Andrew Dickerson, Terrence Prak, Dianne Luning Hamilton, Len Cowart, Jim TI Startup and Steady-State Performance of a New Renewable Hydroprocessed Depolymerized Cellulosic Diesel Fuel in Multiple Diesel Engines SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB A new hydroprocessed depolymerized cellulosic diesel (HDCD) fuel has been developed using a process which takes biomass feedstock (principally cellulosic wood) to produce a synthetic fuel that has nominally 1/2 cycloparaffins and 1/2 aromatic hydrocarbons in content. This HDCD fuel with a low cetane value (derived cetane number from the ignition quality tester, DCN = 27) was blended with naval distillate fuel (NATO symbol F-76) in various quantities and tested in order to determine how much HDCD could be blended before diesel engine operation becomes problematic. Blends of 20% HDCD (DCN = 45), 30%, 40% (DCN = 41), and 60% HDCD (DCN = 37) by volume were tested with conventional naval distillate fuel (DCN = 49). Engine start performance was evaluated with a conventional mechanically direct injected (DI) Yanmar engine and a Waukesha mechanical indirect injected (IDI) Cooperative Fuels Research (CFR) diesel engine and showed that engine start times increased steadily with increasing HDCD content. Longer start times with increasing HDCD content were the result of some engine cycles with poor combustion leading to a slower rate of engine acceleration toward rated speed. A repeating sequence of alternating cycles which combust followed by a noncombustion cycle was common during engine run-up. Additionally, steady-state engine testing was also performed using both engines. HDCD has a significantly higher bulk modulus than F76 due to its very high aromatic content, and the engines showed earlier start of injection (SOI) timing with increasing HDCD content for equivalent operating conditions. Additionally, due to the lower DCN, the higher HDCD blends showed moderately longer ignition delay (IGD) with moderately shorter overall burn durations. Thus, the midcombustion metric (CA50: 50% burn duration crank angle position) was only modestly affected with increasing HDCD content. Increasing HDCD content beyond 40% leads to significantly longer start times. C1 [Bermudez, Eric] US Navy, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [McDaniel, Andrew; Dickerson, Terrence] US Navy, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. [Prak, Dianne Luning; Hamilton, Len; Cowart, Jim] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Cowart, J (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM m150468@usna.edu; Andrew.mcdaniel@navy.mil; Terrence.dickerson@navy.mil; prak@usna.edu; ljhamilt@usna.edu; cowart@usna.edu FU NAVAIR FX The authors wish to thank Rick Kamin and NAVAIR for their support of this work. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 EI 1528-8919 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2016 VL 138 IS 10 AR 102807 DI 10.1115/1.4032992 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DW8EX UT WOS:000383888100015 ER PT J AU Webb, NJ Abzug, R AF Webb, Natalie J. Abzug, Rikki TI Financial Dereliction of Duty: Are Charities That Aid Servicemen and Veterans Systematically Mismanaged? SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE veterans; military organizations; nonprofits; fund-raising ID ORGANIZATIONAL-EFFECTIVENESS; STANDARDS AB Charity watchdogs and the media level serious allegations of mismanagement of funds at charities serving former and current members of the U.S. armed services, affecting service recipients, families, donors, grantors, foundations, and taxpayers. To examine these allegations, we use two approaches from the literature to assess nonprofit financial effectiveness: the organization's ability to gain resources and to sustain activities. We mirror the approach of charity raters, whose measures are widely available to the public. Using GuideStar/Internal Revenue Service data, we compare fund-raising expenditures, assets, and financial sustainability of large national military and veterans nonprofits to a random sample of national nonprofits. We apply propensity score matching and compare organizations similar in size, age, and other factors. We find little difference between military and veterans charities and other nonprofits and provide an improved method for evaluating the financial health of nonprofits across academic discipline, nonprofit field of service, and within or among countries. C1 [Webb, Natalie J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Def Resources Management Inst, 699 Dyer Rd M6, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Abzug, Rikki] Ramapo Coll, Anisfield Sch Business, Management, Mahwah, NJ USA. RP Webb, NJ (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Def Resources Management Inst, 699 Dyer Rd M6, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM njwebb@nps.edu; rabzug@ramapo.edu NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0095-327X EI 1556-0848 J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 42 IS 4 BP 719 EP 740 DI 10.1177/0095327X16629159 PG 22 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA DV5PQ UT WOS:000382980500005 ER PT J AU Gil, JG Drikas, ZB Andreadis, TD Anlage, SM AF Gil, Jesus Gil Drikas, Zachary B. Andreadis, Tim D. Anlage, Steven M. TI Prediction of Induced Voltages on Ports in Complex, Three-Dimensional Enclosures With Apertures, Using the Random Coupling Model SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY LA English DT Article DE Aperture antennas; electromagnetic compatibility; overmoded enclosures; probability density function (PDF); random coupling model (RCM); statistical electromagnetism; wave scattering ID CHAOTIC MICROWAVE CAVITIES; SCATTERING MATRICES; STATISTICS; IMPEDANCE AB A statistical modeling technique known as the random coupling model (RCM) is an effective method for estimating the probabilistic magnitudes of induced voltages on objects within a closed, complex, three-dimensional (3-D) enclosure. The limitations of the RCM to predict electromagnetic wave coupling into an enclosure with apertures are examined. We experimentally demonstrate the applicability of the RCM to estimate the probabilistic magnitudes of voltages induced on ports in a complex 3-D enclosure with an electrically large aperture. This study is a first step toward being able to predict effects on sensitive electronic targets in large, real-world, lossy enclosures such as office buildings, ship compartments, and aircraft compartments. C1 [Gil, Jesus Gil; Drikas, Zachary B.; Andreadis, Tim D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Anlage, Steven M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Gil, JG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jesus.gilgil@nrl.navy.mil; zachary.drikas@nrl.navy.mil; tim.andreadis@nrl.navy.mil; anlage@umd.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9375 EI 1558-187X J9 IEEE T ELECTROMAGN C JI IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 58 IS 5 BP 1535 EP 1540 DI 10.1109/TEMC.2016.2580301 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA DU3LU UT WOS:000382113100018 ER PT J AU Wong, DN Wetz, DA Heinzel, JM Mansour, AN AF Wong, Derek N. Wetz, David A. Heinzel, John M. Mansour, Azzam N. TI Characterizing rapid capacity fade and impedance evolution in high rate pulsed discharged lithium iron phosphate cells for complex, high power loads SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Pulsed power systems; Lithium-ion; High rate cycling; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; Surface films ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; ION BATTERIES; ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE; INTERCALATION; ELECTRODES; TRANSITION; GRAPHITE; RAILGUN; IFEFFIT; MODELS AB Three 26650 LiFePO4 (LFP) cells are cycled using a 40 A pulsed charge/discharge profile to study their performance in high rate pulsed applications. This profile is used to simulate naval pulsed power loads planned for deployment aboard future vessels. The LFP cells studied experienced an exponential drop in their usable high-rate recharge capacity within sixty cycles due to a rapid rise in their internal resistance. Differential capacitance shows that the voltage window for charge storage is pushed outside of the recommended voltage cutoff limits. Investigation into the state of health of the electrodes shows minimal loss of active material from the cathode to side reactions. Post-mortem examination of the anodic surface films reveals & large increase in the concentration of reduced salt compounds indicating that the pulsed profile creates highly favorable conditions for LiPF6 salt to break down into LiF. This film slows the ionic movement at the interface, affecting transfer kinetics, resulting in charge buildup in the bulk anode without successful energy storage. The results indicate that the use of these cells as a power supply for high pulsed power loads is hindered because of ionically resistant film development and not by an increasing rate of active material loss. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wong, Derek N.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 501 West First St, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Wetz, David A.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Elect Engn, 416 Yates St, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Heinzel, John M.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, 5001 S Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. [Mansour, Azzam N.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Wetz, DA (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Elect Engn, 416 Yates St, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. EM derek.wong@mays.uta.edu; wetz@uta.edu; john.heinzel@navy.mil; azzam.mansour@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-1-0659]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The authors would like to thank the Office of Naval Research for its support through grant N00014-11-1-0659. Any findings and opinions are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Office of Naval Research. The XAS experiments were conducted at the National Synchrotron Light Source of Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract no. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 41 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 328 BP 81 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.08.013 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA DV9WR UT WOS:000383293400010 ER PT J AU Gupta, S Matos, H LeBlanc, JM Shukla, A AF Gupta, Sachin Matos, Helio LeBlanc, James M. Shukla, Arun TI Shock initiated instabilities in underwater cylindrical structures SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE Dynamic buckling; Pressure wave loading; Implosion; Fluid-structure interaction; Shock wave; Underwater explosion; Vibration frequency; Hydrostatic pressure; High-speed photography; 3-D digital image correlation ID DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION; IMPLOSION; SHELLS; STRESS; VIBRATIONS; CYLINDERS AB An experimental investigation to understand the mechanisms of dynamic buckling instability in cylindrical structures due to underwater explosive loadings is conducted. In particular, the effects of initial hydrostatic pressure coupled with a dynamic pressure pulse on the stability of metallic cylindrical shells are evaluated. The experiments are conducted at varying initial hydrostatic pressures, below the critical buckling pressure, to estimate the threshold after which dynamic buckling will initiate. The transient underwater full-field deformations of the structures during shock wave loading are captured using high-speed stereo photography coupled with modified 3-D Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique. Experimental results show that increasing initial hydrostatic pressure decreases the natural vibration frequency of the structure indicating loss in structural stiffness. DIC measurements reveal that the initial structural excitations primarily consist of axisymmetric vibrations due to symmetrical shock wave loading in the experiments. Following their decay after a few longitudinal reverberations, the primary mode of vibration evolves which continues throughout later in time. At the initial hydrostatic pressures below the threshold value, these vibrations are stable in nature. The analytical solutions for the vibration frequency and the transient response of cylindrical shell are discussed in the article by accounting for both (1) the added mass effect of the surrounding water and (2) the effect of initial stress on the shell imposed by the hydrostatic pressure. The analytical solutions match reasonably well with the experimental vibration frequencies. Later, the transient response of a cylindrical shell subjected to a general underwater pressure wave loading is derived which leads to the analytical prediction of dynamic stability. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gupta, Sachin; Matos, Helio; Shukla, Arun] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Mech Ind & Syst Engn, Dynam Photomech Lab, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [LeBlanc, James M.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Shukla, A (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Mech Ind & Syst Engn, Dynam Photomech Lab, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM shuklaa@uri.edu FU Office of Naval Research Computational Mechanics Program [N00014-12-1-0382, N0001412WX21206] FX The authors kindly acknowledge the financial support provided by the Office of Naval Research Computational Mechanics Program managed by Dr. Stephen E. Turner under grant nos. N00014-12-1-0382 (URI) and N0001412WX21206 (NUWC). NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 EI 1873-4782 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD OCT PY 2016 VL 95 BP 188 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.jmps.2016.05.034 PG 25 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA DV9XD UT WOS:000383294600010 ER PT J AU Anderson, DT Elmore, P Petry, F Havens, TC AF Anderson, Derek T. Elmore, Paul Petry, Fred Havens, Timothy C. TI Fuzzy Choquet integration of homogeneous possibility and probability distributions SO INFORMATION SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Fusion; Fuzzy integral; Choquet integral; Homogeneous; Possibility distribution; Probability distribution ID ADULT SKELETAL AGE; VALUED FUNCTIONS; BIG DATA; DEATH; CHALLENGES AB The fuzzy integral (FI) is an extremely flexible and powerful tool for data and information aggregation. The El is parametrized by the fuzzy measure (FM), a normal and monotone capacity. Based on the selection of FM, the FI produces different aggregation operators. In recent years, a number of FI extensions have been put forth relative to different types of uncertain information, e.g., real-, interval- and set-valued (under various constraints). Herein, we study the applicability and behavior of different extensions of the fuzzy Choquet integral for fusing homogeneous possibility and probability distributions. This analysis is of great utility in terms of understanding what extensions and under what conditions it is possible to aggregate and maintain homogeneity within uncertain information. We show that two extensions, gFI and NDFI, can aggregate both probability and possibility distributions. While these extensions do not always maintain homogeneity, they do under certain conditions. Last, while we specifically focus on the aggregation of homogeneous uncertain information, the propositions put forth also shed light into heterogeneous information aggregation via the gFI and the NDFI. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Anderson, Derek T.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Anderson, Derek T.; Elmore, Paul; Petry, Fred] Naval Res Lab, Geospatial Sci & Technol Branch, John C Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Havens, Timothy C.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Havens, Timothy C.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Anderson, DT (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM anderson@ece.msstate.edu FU Army Research Office [W911NF-14-1-0.114, 57940-EV]; Naval Research Laboratory [0602435N]; U.S. Army [W909MY-13-C-0013] FX Dr. Anderson was partially funded by Army Research Office grants numbered W911NF-14-1-0.114 and 57940-EV to support the U.S. Army RDECOM CERDEC NVESD. Dr. Petry, Dr. Elmore, and Dr. Anderson would like to thank the Naval Research Laboratory's Base Program, Program Element No. 0602435N for sponsoring this research. Dr. Havens is funded in part by U.S. Army grant W909MY-13-C-0013 to support the U.S. Army RDECOM CERDEC NVESD. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0020-0255 EI 1872-6291 J9 INFORM SCIENCES JI Inf. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 363 BP 24 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.ins.2016.04.043 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA DQ5YH UT WOS:000379280700003 ER PT J AU Barrese, K Loehr, N Remmel, J Sagan, BE AF Barrese, Kenneth Loehr, Nicholas Remmel, Jeffrey Sagan, Bruce E. TI Bijections on m-level rook placements SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF COMBINATORICS LA English DT Article ID NUMBERS AB Suppose the rows of a board are partitioned into sets of m rows called levels. An m-level rook placement is a subset of the board where no two squares are in the same column or the same level. We construct explicit bijections to prove three theorems about such placements. We start with two bijections between Ferrers boards having the same number of m-level rook placements. The first generalizes a map by Foata and Schutzenberger and our proof applies to any Ferrers board. This bijection also preserves the m-inversion number statistic of an m-level rook placement, defined by Briggs and Remmel. The second generalizes work of Loehr and Remmel. This construction only works for a special class of Ferrers boards, but it yields a formula for calculating the rook numbers of these boards in terms of elementary symmetric functions. Finally we generalize another result of Loehr and Remmel giving a bijection between boards with the same hit numbers. The second and third bijections involve the Involution Principle of Garsia and Milne. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Barrese, Kenneth; Remmel, Jeffrey] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Math, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Loehr, Nicholas] Virginia Tech, Dept Math, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Loehr, Nicholas] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Sagan, Bruce E.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Math, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Barrese, K (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Math, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM kbarrese@ucsd.edu; nloehr@vt.edu; jremmel@ucsd.edu; sagan@math.msu.ed FU Simons Foundation [244398] FX This work was partially supported by a grant from the Simons Foundation (#244398 to Nicholas Loehr). NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6698 EI 1095-9971 J9 EUR J COMBIN JI Eur. J. Comb. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 57 BP 13 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.ejc.2016.03.005 PG 23 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA DP7FU UT WOS:000378665400002 ER PT J AU Warner, KF Bellitto, VJ Sorensen, DN Remmers, DL AF Warner, Kirstin F. Bellitto, Victor J. Sorensen, Daniel N. Remmers, Daniel L. TI Synthesis of Insensitive N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-N-1-nitroguanidine SO JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE 2; 4-dinitrophenyl; nitroguanidyl functionality; insensitive AB A new, insensitive nitroguanidyl functionalized nitrogen-rich material derived from 2,4-dinitrophenyl derivative was synthesized. N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-N-1-nitroguanidine (DNP-NQ) has a crystal density of 1.74g/cm(3). The synthesis and properties of DNP-NQ are described. DNP-NQ was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared spectroscopy, and gas pycnometry. Thermal properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results from small-scale sensitivity tests indicate that DNP-NQ is less sensitive than Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX). DNP-NQ can be prepared in high yield. C1 [Warner, Kirstin F.; Bellitto, Victor J.; Sorensen, Daniel N.; Remmers, Daniel L.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head EOD Technol Div, 4104 Evans Way, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Warner, KF (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head EOD Technol Div, 4104 Evans Way, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. EM kirstin.warner@navy.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 28 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0737-0652 EI 1545-8822 J9 J ENERG MATER JI J. Energ. Mater. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 4 BP 395 EP 398 DI 10.1080/07370652.2015.1107661 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science GA DH5QW UT WOS:000372847900004 ER PT J AU Huang, XL Ratchford, D Pehrsson, PE Yeom, J AF Huang, Xiaolu Ratchford, Daniel Pehrsson, Pehr E. Yeom, Junghoon TI Fabrication of metallic nanodisc hexagonal arrays using nanosphere lithography and two-step lift-off SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE colloidal assembly; double lift-off; nanodots; nanowires; nanodish ID PLASMON RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; SILICON NANOWIRE ARRAYS; COLLOIDAL LITHOGRAPHY; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; NANOHOLE ARRAYS; ETCH RATES; SURFACE; CRYSTALS; SIZE; NANOFABRICATION AB Nanosphere lithography (NSL) has been widely used as an inexpensive method to create periodic arrays of metallic nanoparticles or nanodiscs on substrates. However, most nanodisc arrays derived from a NSL template are restricted to hexagonally-ordered triangular arrays because the metal layer is deposited onto the interstices between the nanospheres. Metallic nanodisc arrays with the same arrangement as the original nanosphere array have been rarely reported. Here, we demonstrate a facile, low-cost method to fabricate large-area hexagonal arrays of metallic nanodiscs using an NSL template combined with a two-step lift-off process. We employ a bi-layer of two dissimilar metals to create a re-entrant sidewall profile to undercut the sacrificial layer and facilitate the final lift-off of the metallic nanodiscs. The quality of the nanodisc pattern and the array periodicity is determined using statistical image analysis and compared to the original nanosphere array in terms of size distribution, surface smoothness, and array pitch. This nanodisc array is used as an etch mask to create a vertically-aligned Si nanowire array. This combined approach is a scalable and inexpensive fabrication method for creating relatively large-area, ordered arrays of various nanostructures. C1 [Huang, Xiaolu; Yeom, Junghoon] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ratchford, Daniel; Pehrsson, Pehr E.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yeom, J (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM jyeom@egr.msu.edu NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 29 U2 29 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 EI 1361-6528 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD SEP 30 PY 2016 VL 27 IS 39 AR 395302 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/27/39/395302 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DW9QY UT WOS:000383998000002 ER PT J AU Smith, PH Sepe, RB Waterman, KG Myron, LJ AF Smith, Patricia H. Sepe, Raymond B., Jr. Waterman, Kyle G. Myron, L. Jeff TI Development and analysis of a lithium carbon monofluoride battery-lithium ion capacitor hybrid system for high pulse-power SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Hybrid; Lithium ion capacitor; Li/CFxMnO2 battery ID DISCHARGE REACTION; PERFORMANCE; CELL; DEVICES; CATHODE; ENERGY; LOADS AB Although Li/CFx and Li/CFxMnO2 have two of the highest energy densities of all commercial lithium primary batteries known to date, they are typically current-limited and therefore are not used in high power applications. In this work, a Li/CFxMnO2 battery (BA-5790) was hybridized with a 1000 F lithium ion capacitor to allow its use for portable electronic devices requiring 100 W 1-min pulses. An intelligent, power-management board was developed for managing the energy flow between the components. The hybrid architecture was shown to maintain the battery current to a level that minimized energy loss and thermal stress. The performance of the Li/CFxMnO(2) hybrid was compared to the standard Li/SO2 battery (BA-5590). The hybrid was shown to deliver the same number of 100 W pulse cycles as two BA-5590 batteries, resulting in a weight savings of 30% and a volumetric reduction of 20%. For devices requiring 8 h of operational time or less, a 5-cell Li/CFxMnO2 hybrid was found to be a lighter (55%) and smaller (45%) power source than the existing two BA-5590 battery option, and a lighter (42%) and smaller (27%) option than 1 1/2 BA-5790 batteries alone. At higher power requirements (>100 W), further weight and size improvements can be expected. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Smith, Patricia H.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Sepe, Raymond B., Jr.; Waterman, Kyle G.] Electro Stand Labs, 36 Western Ind Dr, Cranston, RI 02921 USA. [Myron, L. Jeff] JSR Micro, 1280 North Mathilda Ave, Sunnyvale, CA 94089 USA. RP Smith, PH (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM patricia.h.smith1@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare and Combating Terrorism Department) [N0001415WX00475] FX This work was financially supported by the Office of Naval Research (Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare and Combating Terrorism Department) (grant no: N0001415WX00475) and is gratefully acknowledged. The authors would also like to acknowledge the contribution of Warren Baker (NSWC-Carderock) in assisting with experiments and to thank Felix Nunez (Eagle Picher Technologies) for valuable discussions during the course of this work. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 38 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD SEP 30 PY 2016 VL 327 BP 495 EP 506 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.07.035 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA DV5XI UT WOS:000383003600055 ER PT J AU Yang, C Ku, B Han, DK Ko, H AF Yang, C. Ku, B. Han, D. K. Ko, H. TI Alpha-numeric hand gesture recognition based on fusion of spatial feature modelling and temporal feature modelling SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gesture recognition; feature extraction; handwritten character recognition; computer vision; neural nets; performance evaluation; alpha-numeric hand gesture recognition; spatial feature modelling; alphabet; numeric characters; vision enabled smart devices; user interface; handwriting style; individualistic styles; vision based gesture recognition; temporal-feature-state modelling; total-trajectory-shape modelling; convolution neural network; conditional random fields; public database; performance improvement AB Alpha-numeric gesture refers to writing in air of alphabet and numeric characters. With prevalent usage of vision enabled smart devices, these gestures are considered as an alternative user interface. As each individual has a unique handwriting style, it has been observed that alpha-numeric gesturing also exhibits different individualistic styles, posing a challenge to the vision based gesture recognition. In this Letter, a simple but effective method of modelling alpha-numeric hand gestures by fusing temporal-feature-state modelling and total-trajectory-shape modelling is proposed. The proposed method employs a convolution neural network that represents total-trajectory-shapes, and combines it with conventional conditional random fields based temporal-feature-state modelling. The proposed algorithm is evaluated in public database of both alphabet and numeric hand gestures. Experimental results show a performance improvement of the proposed algorithm compared with the state-of-the art methods. C1 [Yang, C.; Ku, B.; Ko, H.] Korea Univ, Dept Visual Informat Proc, Seoul, South Korea. [Han, D. K.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Ko, H (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Visual Informat Proc, Seoul, South Korea. EM hsko@korea.ac.kr NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 EI 1350-911X J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD SEP 29 PY 2016 VL 52 IS 20 BP 1679 EP 1680 DI 10.1049/el.2016.0841 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DX5SO UT WOS:000384442200018 ER PT J AU Katz, MB Twigg, ME Prokes, SM AF Katz, M. B. Twigg, M. E. Prokes, S. M. TI Formation and stability of crystalline and amorphous Al2O3 layers deposited on Ga2O3 nanowires by atomic layer epitaxy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THERMODYNAMIC PHASE-STABILITY; CORE/SHELL NANOWIRES; DISLOCATION LOOPS; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; SURFACE-ENERGY; ALUMINA; RELAXATION; SI(100); GROWTH AB Although the crystalline alpha and gamma phases are the most stable forms of alumina, small-diameter (<6 nm) nanoparticles are known to be completely amorphous, due to the surface energy being correspondingly lower for the less stable non-crystalline phase. Al2O3 films with a thickness of 5 nm grown by low temperature (200 degrees C) atomic layer deposition (ALD) on small-diameter (<20 nm) Ga2O3 nanowires (NWs), however, are identified by transmission electron microscopy as belonging to the alpha, gamma, and possibly theta crystalline phases of Al2O3, while films deposited on larger diameter (>20 nm) NWs are found to be amorphous. Indeed, until recently, all Al2O3, films deposited by low-temperature ALD using trimethylaluminum and water have been reported to be amorphous, regardless of film thickness or substrate. The formation of a crystalline ALD film can be understood in terms of the energetics of misfit dislocations that maintain the registry between the ALD film and the NW substrate, as well as the influence of strain and surface energy. The decreasing energy of co-axial misfit dislocations with NW diameter results in a corresponding decrease in the contribution of the Al2O3/Ga2O3 interface to the free energy, while the interfacial energy for an amorphous film is independent of the NW diameter. Therefore, for NW cores of sufficiently small diameter, the free energy contribution of the Al2O3/Ga2O3 interface is smaller for crystalline films than for amorphous films, thereby favoring the formation of crystalline films for small-diameter NWs. For ALD Al2O3 films of 10 nm thickness deposited on small-diameter Ga2O3 NWs, however, only the first 5 nm of the ALD film is found to be crystalline, possibly due to well-established kinetic limitations to low temperature epitaxial growth. C1 [Katz, M. B.; Twigg, M. E.; Prokes, S. M.] Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Twigg, ME (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mark.twigg@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. This research was performed while M.B.K. held an NRC Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 28 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 12 AR 124311 DI 10.1063/1.4963282 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DZ0WP UT WOS:000385560700041 ER PT J AU Kuznetsova, E Rittenhouse, ST Sadeghpour, HR Yelin, SF AF Kuznetsova, Elena Rittenhouse, Seth T. Sadeghpour, H. R. Yelin, Susanne F. TI Rydberg-atom- mediated nondestructive readout of collective rotational states in polar-molecule arrays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-SPIN; ULTRACOLD ATOMS; QUANTUM LOGIC; SPECTROSCOPY; GATES; PHOTOASSOCIATION; ELECTRON; QUBITS; IONS AB We analyze the possibility to exploit charge-dipole interaction between a single polar molecule or a one-dimensional (1D) molecular array and a single Rydberg atom to read out molecular rotational populations. We calculate the energy shift of a single Rb(60s) atom interacting with a single KRb or RbYb molecule in their lowest two rotational states. At atom-molecule distances, relevant to trapping of molecules in optical lattices, the Rydberg electron energy shifts conditioned on the rotational states, are of the order of several MHz. Atom excitation to a Rydberg state and detection of atomic fluorescence conditioned on a rotational state preserves the molecule, making our scheme a nondestructive measurement of the rotational state. Similarly, a 1D array of polar molecules can shift the electron energy of a blockaded Rydberg superatom. We consider a scheme to read out the molecular array collective rotational states using the conditioned Rydberg energy shifts, and numerically analyze a system with three and five KRb or RbYb molecules interacting with Rb(60s) superatom. C1 [Kuznetsova, Elena] Rzhanov Inst Semicond Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Kuznetsova, Elena] Russian Quantum Ctr, 100 Novaya St, Skolkovo 143025, Moscow Region, Russia. [Kuznetsova, Elena] Inst Appl Phys, 46 Ulyanov St, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia. [Rittenhouse, Seth T.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Sadeghpour, H. R.; Yelin, Susanne F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Yelin, Susanne F.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, 2152 Hillside Rd, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Yelin, Susanne F.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Kuznetsova, E (reprint author), Rzhanov Inst Semicond Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.; Kuznetsova, E (reprint author), Russian Quantum Ctr, 100 Novaya St, Skolkovo 143025, Moscow Region, Russia.; Kuznetsova, E (reprint author), Inst Appl Phys, 46 Ulyanov St, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia. FU Russian Science Foundation [16-12-00028]; Russian Fund for Basic Research [RFBR 14-02-00174]; Institute for Theoretical Atomic and Molecular Physics; NSF [PHY-1516337, PHY-1516421]; Cottrell College Science Award through the Research Corporation for Scientific Advancement FX E.K. was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No. 16-12-00028) in the part of analysis of rotational states readout via atom-molecule entanglement, and the Russian Fund for Basic Research (Grant No. RFBR 14-02-00174), and would like to thank the Institute for Theoretical Atomic and Molecular Physics for hospitality and financial support during her visit. S.F.Y. would like to thank the NSF for funding. S.T.R. acknowledges support from NSF Grants No. PHY-1516337 and No. PHY-1516421 and from a Cottrell College Science Award through the Research Corporation for Scientific Advancement. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD SEP 27 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 3 AR 032325 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.032325 PG 21 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA DX0NP UT WOS:000384060100004 ER PT J AU Kiser, J Manning, M Adler, D Breuer, K AF Kiser, Jillian Manning, Michael Adler, David Breuer, Kenneth TI A reduced order model for dielectric elastomer actuators over a range of frequencies and prestrains SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROACTIVE POLYMER ACTUATORS; ACRYLIC ELASTOMER AB The actuation strain of an equibiaxially prestrained dielectric elastomer membrane is studied as a function of driving frequency and prestrain. Experimental data are gathered on the membrane's creep and recovery following DC actuation, as well as the steady state amplitude and phase for AC driving voltages ranging from 2 to 40 Hz. The effect of prestretch on steady state actuation was also investigated, using membranes of both 250% and 300% prestretch. A three-element generalized Kelvin-Voigt model is developed to capture the transient and steady-state actuation responses as a function of frequency and prestrain. We show that, despite its relative simplicity, this model captures the relevant timescales for the membrane behavior with good fidelity and can be used to accurately predict the actuation magnitude and phase as a function of time over a range of actuation configurations and driving conditions. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Kiser, Jillian; Manning, Michael; Adler, David; Breuer, Kenneth] Brown Univ, Sch Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Kiser, Jillian] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Kiser, J (reprint author), Brown Univ, Sch Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM jillian_kiser@brown.edu RI Breuer, Kenneth/P-7753-2016 OI Breuer, Kenneth/0000-0002-5122-2231 FU AFOSR; In-House Laboratory Independent Research program at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Newport FX This work was supported by AFOSR, monitored by Dr. Douglas Smith, as well as the In-House Laboratory Independent Research program at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Newport, monitored by Dr. Neil Dubois (J.K.). Many thanks go to the individuals of the Breuer Lab for valuable discussion, technical assistance, and glorious camaraderie. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 26 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 13 AR 133506 DI 10.1063/1.4963729 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DX9WO UT WOS:000384747900058 ER PT J AU Lang, AC Hart, JL Wen, JG Miller, DJ Meyer, DJ Taheri, ML AF Lang, A. C. Hart, J. L. Wen, J. G. Miller, D. J. Meyer, D. J. Taheri, M. L. TI I-2 basal stacking fault as a degradation mechanism in reverse gate-biased AlGaN/GaN HEMTs SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; THREADING DISLOCATIONS; MOBILITY TRANSISTORS; GAN LAYERS; DEFECTS; FILMS; SAPPHIRE; LEAKAGE; DESIGN AB Here, we present the observation of a bias-induced, degradation-enhancing defect process in plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy grown reverse gate-biased AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs), which is compatible with the current theoretical framework of HEMT degradation. Specifically, we utilize both conventional transmission electron microscopy and aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy to analyze microstructural changes in not only high strained regions in degraded AlGaN/GaN HEMTs but also the extended gate-drain access region. We find a complex defect structure containing an I-2 basal stacking fault and offer a potential mechanism for device degradation based on this defect structure. This work supports the reality of multiple failure mechanisms during device operation and identifies a defect potentially involved with device degradation. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Lang, A. C.; Hart, J. L.; Taheri, M. L.] Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Wen, J. G.; Miller, D. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Meyer, D. J.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Taheri, ML (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM mtaheri@coe.drexel.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N000141110296, N000141410058]; UChicago Argonne, LLC [DEAC02-06CH11357] FX We acknowledge support from the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nos. N000141110296 and N000141410058, and the NRL base program. The aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy was accomplished at the Electron Microscopy Center in the Center for Nanoscale Materials at Argonne National Laboratory, a DOE-BES Facility, supported under Contract No. DEAC02-06CH11357 by UChicago Argonne, LLC. We also thank Christopher Weinberger for helpful discussion and reading of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 26 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 13 AR 133509 DI 10.1063/1.4963156 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DX9WO UT WOS:000384747900061 ER PT J AU Rafique, S Han, L Neal, AT Mou, S Tadjer, MJ French, RH Zhao, HP AF Rafique, Subrina Han, Lu Neal, Adam T. Mou, Shin Tadjer, Marko J. French, Roger H. Zhao, Hongping TI Heteroepitaxy of N-type beta-Ga2O3 thin films on sapphire substrate by low pressure chemical vapor deposition SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; PHASE EPITAXY; GROWTH TEMPERATURE; C-PLANE; PHOTODETECTORS; LUMINESCENCE; LAYERS; MOVPE; EDGE AB This paper presents the heteroepitaxial growth of ultrawide bandgap beta-Ga2O3 thin films on c-plane sapphire substrates by low pressure chemical vapor deposition. N-type conductivity in silicon (Si)doped beta-Ga2O3 films grown on sapphire substrate is demonstrated. The thin films were synthesized using high purity metallic gallium (Ga) and oxygen (O-2) as precursors. The morphology, crystal quality, and properties of the as-grown thin films were characterized and analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron backscatter diffraction, photoluminescence and optical, photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy, and temperature dependent van der Pauw/Hall measurement. The optical bandgap is similar to 4.76 eV, and room temperature electron mobility of 42.35 cm(2)/V s was measured for a Si-doped heteroepitaxial beta-Ga2O3 film with a doping concentration of 1.32 x 10(18) cm(-3). Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Rafique, Subrina; Han, Lu; Zhao, Hongping] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Neal, Adam T.; Mou, Shin] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Neal, Adam T.] Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Tadjer, Marko J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [French, Roger H.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Zhao, HP (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM hongping.zhao@case.edu RI Zhao, Hongping/H-4724-2011; French, Roger/E-1986-2011 OI French, Roger/0000-0002-6162-0532 FU GHz-THz Electronics portfolio of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) FX We thank Dr. Nadeem Mahadik from the Naval Research Lab for his inputs on beta-Ga2O3 XRD measurement. Part of the material characterization was performed at the Swagelok Center for Surface Analysis of Materials (SCSAM) at CWRU. S.M. and A.N. thank the funding support from the GHz-THz Electronics portfolio of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 33 U2 33 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 26 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 13 AR 132103 DI 10.1063/1.4963820 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DX9WO UT WOS:000384747900022 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Adkins, JK Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alekseev, I Aparin, A Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, EC Attri, A Averichev, GS Bai, X Bairathi, V Bellwied, R Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattarai, P Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Bouchet, J Brandenburg, JD Brandin, AV Bunzarov, I Butterworth, J Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Campbell, JM Cebra, D Chakaberia, I Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chatterjee, A Chattopadhyay, S Chen, JH Chen, X Cheng, J Cherney, M Christie, W Contin, G Crawford, HJ Das, S De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA di Ruzza, B Didenko, L Dilks, C Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Engelage, J Eppley, G Esha, R Evdokimov, O Eyser, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Federic, P Fedorisin, J Feng, Z Filip, P Fisyak, Y Flores, CE Fulek, L Gagliardi, CA Garand, D Geurts, F Gibson, A Girard, M Greiner, L Grosnick, D Gunarathne, DS Guo, Y Gupta, S Gupta, A Guryn, W Hamad, AI Hamed, A Haque, R Harris, JW He, L Heppelmann, S Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Horvat, S Huang, T Huang, X Huang, B Huang, HZ Huck, P Humanic, TJ Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jang, H Jentsch, A Jia, J Jiang, K Judd, EG Kabana, S Kalinkin, D Kang, K Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Khan, ZH Kikola, DP Kisel, I Kisiel, A Kochenda, L Koetke, DD Kosarzewski, LK Kraishan, AF Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Landry, KD Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Li, X Li, C Li, X Li, Y Li, W Lin, T Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Lomnitz, M Longacre, RS Luo, X Ma, R Ma, GL Ma, YG Ma, L Magdy, N Majka, R Manion, A Margetis, S Markert, C Matis, HS McDonald, D McKinzie, S Meehan, K Mei, JC Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mishra, D Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Mustafa, MK Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nigmatkulov, G Niida, T Nogach, LV Noh, SY Novak, J Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Okorokov, VA Olvitt, D Page, BS Pak, R Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Pile, P Pluta, J Poniatowska, K Porter, J Posik, M Poskanzer, AM Pruthi, NK Putschke, J Qiu, H Quintero, A Ramachandran, S Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ruan, L Rusnak, J Rusnakova, O Sahoo, NR Sahu, PK Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, WB Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shanmuganathan, PV Shao, M Sharma, MK Sharma, B Shen, WQ Shi, Z Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Sikora, R Simko, M Singha, S Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Smirnov, D Solyst, W Song, L Sorensen, P Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Stepanov, M Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Sumbera, M Summa, B Sun, XM Sun, Z Sun, Y Surrow, B Svirida, DN Tang, Z Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Tawfik, A Thader, J Thomas, JH Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Todoroki, T Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Tripathy, SK Tsai, OD Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Upsal, I Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vandenbroucke, M Varma, R Vasiliev, AN Vertesi, R Videbaek, F Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wang, Y Wang, G Wang, JS Wang, H Wang, Y Wang, F Webb, G Webb, JC Wen, L Westfall, GD Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xiao, ZG Xie, W Xie, G Xin, K Xu, H Xu, Z Xu, J Xu, YF Xu, QH Xu, N Yang, Y Yang, S Yang, C Yang, Y Yang, Y Yang, Q Ye, Z Ye, Z Yepes, P Yi, L Yip, K Yoo, IK Yu, N Zbroszczyk, H Zha, W Zhang, J Zhang, Y Zhang, XP Zhang, Z Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, S Zhang, J Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhou, L Zhu, X Zoulkarneeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Adamczyk, L. Adkins, J. K. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alekseev, I. Aparin, A. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. C. Attri, A. Averichev, G. S. Bai, X. Bairathi, V. Bellwied, R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhattarai, P. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Bouchet, J. Brandenburg, J. D. Brandin, A. V. Bunzarov, I. Butterworth, J. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Campbell, J. M. Cebra, D. Chakaberia, I. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chatterjee, A. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, J. H. Chen, X. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Christie, W. Contin, G. Crawford, H. J. Das, S. De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. di Ruzza, B. Didenko, L. Dilks, C. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Esha, R. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Federic, P. Fedorisin, J. Feng, Z. Filip, P. Fisyak, Y. Flores, C. E. Fulek, L. Gagliardi, C. A. Garand, D. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Girard, M. Greiner, L. Grosnick, D. Gunarathne, D. S. Guo, Y. Gupta, S. Gupta, A. Guryn, W. Hamad, A. I. Hamed, A. Haque, R. Harris, J. W. He, L. Heppelmann, S. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Horvat, S. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jang, H. Jentsch, A. Jia, J. Jiang, K. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kalinkin, D. Kang, K. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Khan, Z. H. Kikola, D. P. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Kochenda, L. Koetke, D. D. Kosarzewski, L. K. Kraishan, A. F. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Landry, K. D. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Li, X. Li, C. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, W. Lin, T. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Lomnitz, M. Longacre, R. S. Luo, X. Ma, R. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Ma, L. Magdy, N. Majka, R. Manion, A. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McKinzie, S. Meehan, K. Mei, J. C. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mishra, D. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Mustafa, M. K. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nigmatkulov, G. Niida, T. Nogach, L. V. Noh, S. Y. Novak, J. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Okorokov, V. A. Olvitt, D., Jr. Page, B. S. Pak, R. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Pile, P. Pluta, J. Poniatowska, K. Porter, J. Posik, M. Poskanzer, A. M. Pruthi, N. K. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Quintero, A. Ramachandran, S. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Rusnakova, O. Sahoo, N. R. Sahu, P. K. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shanmuganathan, P. V. Shao, M. Sharma, M. K. Sharma, B. Shen, W. Q. Shi, Z. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Sikora, R. Simko, M. Singha, S. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Smirnov, D. Solyst, W. Song, L. Sorensen, P. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Stepanov, M. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Sumbera, M. Summa, B. Sun, X. M. Sun, Z. Sun, Y. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Tang, Z. Tang, A. H. Tarnowsky, T. Tawfik, A. Thader, J. Thomas, J. H. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Todoroki, T. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Tripathy, S. K. Tsai, O. D. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Upsal, I. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vandenbroucke, M. Varma, R. Vasiliev, A. N. Vertesi, R. Videbaek, F. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wang, Y. Wang, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, H. Wang, Y. Wang, F. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Wen, L. Westfall, G. D. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xiao, Z. G. Xie, W. Xie, G. Xin, K. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Xu, J. Xu, Y. F. Xu, Q. H. Xu, N. Yang, Y. Yang, S. Yang, C. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yang, Q. Ye, Z. Ye, Z. Yepes, P. Yi, L. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Yu, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zha, W. Zhang, J. Zhang, Y. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Z. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, S. Zhang, J. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhou, L. Zhu, X. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zyzak, M. CA STAR Collaboration TI Measurement of elliptic flow of light nuclei at root s(NN)=200, 62.4, 39, 27, 19.6, 11.5, and 7.7 GeV at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; ANISOTROPIC FLOW; COALESCENCE MODEL; COLLISIONS; PROTON; MATTER; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE; DEUTERONS; DETECTOR AB We present measurements of second-order azimuthal anisotropy (v(2)) at midrapidity (vertical bar y vertical bar < 1.0) for light nuclei d, t, He-3 (for root s(NN) = 200, 62.4, 39, 27, 19.6, 11.5, and 7.7 GeV) and antinuclei <(d)over bar> (root s(NN) = 200, 62.4, 39, 27, and 19.6 GeV) and (3)(He) over bar (root s(NN) = 200 GeV) in the STAR (Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC) experiment. The v(2) for these light nuclei produced in heavy-ion collisions is compared with those for p and (p) over bar. We observe mass ordering in nuclei v(2)(p(T)) at low transverse momenta (p(T) < 2.0 GeV/c). We also find a centrality dependence of v(2) for d and <(d)over bar>. The magnitude of v(2) for t and He-3 agree within statistical errors. Light-nuclei v(2) are compared with predictions from a blast-wave model. Atomic mass number (A) scaling of light-nuclei v(2)(p(T)) seems to hold for p(T)/A < 1.5 GeV/c. Results on light-nuclei v(2) from a transport-plus-coalescence model are consistent with the experimental measurements. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Fulek, L.; Sikora, R.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, FPACS, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Bland, L. C.; Chakaberia, I.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Eyser, O.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Jia, J.; Ke, H. W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Ma, R.; Ogawa, A.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, W. B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Todoroki, T.; Tribedy, P.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Videbaek, F.; Wang, H.; Webb, G.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Draper, J. E.; Flores, C. E.; Heppelmann, S.; Meehan, K.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dunkelberger, L. E.; Esha, R.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Landry, K. D.; Nasim, Md.; Pan, Y. X.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Wen, L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Bai, X.; Feng, Z.; Huck, P.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Pei, H.; Shi, S. S.; Sun, X. M.; Wang, Y.; Xu, J.; Yang, Y.; Yu, N.; Zhang, J. B.] Cent China Normal Univ, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Evdokimov, O.; Huang, B.; Khan, Z. H.; Pandit, Y.; Ye, Z.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; De Silva, L. C.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Rusnakova, O.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Federic, P.; Rusnak, J.; Simko, M.; Sumbera, M.; Vertesi, R.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Prague 25068, Czech Republic. [Kisel, I.; Stock, R.; Zyzak, M.] Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies FIAS, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Das, S.; Sahu, P. K.; Tripathy, S. K.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Kalinkin, D.; Lin, T.; Skoby, M. J.; Solyst, W.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, S.; Gupta, A.; Sharma, M. K.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Aparin, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Bouchet, J.; Hamad, A. I.; Kabana, S.; Keane, D.; Lomnitz, M.; Margetis, S.; Quintero, A.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Singha, S.; Wu, Y.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Adkins, J. K.; Fatemi, R.; Ramachandran, S.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Jang, H.; Noh, S. Y.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon 305701, South Korea. [Chen, X.; Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Contin, G.; Dong, X.; Greiner, L.; Manion, A.; Matis, H. S.; McKinzie, S.; Mustafa, M. K.; Odyniec, G.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Shi, Z.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Thader, J.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kochenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Okorokov, V. A.; Strikhanov, M.] Natl Res Nucl Univ MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Bairathi, V.; Haque, R.; Mishra, D.; Mohanty, B.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Huang, T.; Yang, Y.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Campbell, J. M.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Upsal, I.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Pawlik, B.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Attri, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Dilks, C.; Heppelmann, S.; Summa, B.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia. [Garand, D.; He, L.; Hirsch, A.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B.; Stepanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Xie, W.; Zhao, J.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 46241, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Brandenburg, J. D.; Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Roberts, J. B.; Tlusty, D.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Guo, Y.; Jiang, K.; Li, C.; Li, X.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Xie, G.; Yang, S.; Yang, C.; Yang, Q.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, S.; Zhou, L.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Mei, J. C.; Xu, Q. H.; Zhang, J.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chen, J. H.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Ma, L.; Shah, N.; Shen, W. Q.; Shou, Q. Y.; Xu, Y. F.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Magdy, N.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Gunarathne, D. S.; Kraishan, A. F.; Li, X.; Olvitt, D., Jr.; Posik, M.; Surrow, B.; Vandenbroucke, M.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Chang, Z.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mondal, M. M.; Sahoo, N. R.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bhattarai, P.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Jentsch, A.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; McDonald, D.; Song, L.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Huang, X.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Drachenberg, J. L.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chatterjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Nayak, T. K.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Girard, M.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisiel, A.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, PL-00661 Warsaw, Poland. [Kauder, K.; Llope, W. J.; Niida, T.; Putschke, J.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Tawfik, A.] WLCAPP, Cairo 11571, Egypt. [Caines, H.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.; Yi, L.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Adamczyk, L (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, FPACS, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RI Yi, Li/Q-1705-2016; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Tawfik, Abdel Nasser/M-6220-2013; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Gunarathne, Devika/C-4903-2017 OI Yi, Li/0000-0002-7512-2657; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Tawfik, Abdel Nasser/0000-0002-1679-0225; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Gunarathne, Devika/0000-0002-7155-7418 FU RHIC Operations Group; RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; KISTI Center in Korea; Open Science Grid consortium; Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; National Research Foundation of Korea; NCKU (Taiwan); GA of the Czech Republic; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FIAS of Germany; DAE of India; DST of India; UGC of India; National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia; DAE-BRNS [2010/21/15-BRNS/2026] FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, the KISTI Center in Korea, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NSFC, CAS, MoST and MoE of China, the National Research Foundation of Korea, NCKU (Taiwan), GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FIAS of Germany, DAE, DST, and UGC of India, the National Science Centre of Poland, National Research Foundation, the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. This work is supported by the DAE-BRNS project Grant No. 2010/21/15-BRNS/2026. NR 69 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 13 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD SEP 23 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 3 AR 034908 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.94.034908 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA DW7YW UT WOS:000383870800001 ER PT J AU Smolyaninova, VN Jensen, C Zimmerman, W Prestigiacomo, JC Osofsky, MS Kim, H Bassim, N Xing, Z Qazilbash, MM Smolyaninov, II AF Smolyaninova, Vera N. Jensen, Christopher Zimmerman, William Prestigiacomo, Joseph C. Osofsky, Michael S. Kim, Heungsoo Bassim, Nabil Xing, Zhen Qazilbash, Mumtaz M. Smolyaninov, Igor I. TI Enhanced superconductivity in aluminum-based hyperbolic metamaterials SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-TEMPERATURE; POLARITONS; MEDIA AB One of the most important goals of condensed matter physics is materials by design, i.e. the ability to reliably predict and design materials with a set of desired properties. A striking example is the deterministic enhancement of the superconducting properties of materials. Recent experiments have demonstrated that the metamaterial approach is capable of achieving this goal, such as tripling the critical temperature T-C in Al-Al2O3 epsilon near zero (ENZ) core-shell metamaterial superconductors. Here, we demonstrate that an Al/Al2O3 hyperbolic metamaterial geometry is capable of a similar T-C enhancement, while having superior transport and magnetic properties compared to the core-shell metamaterial superconductors. C1 [Smolyaninova, Vera N.; Jensen, Christopher; Zimmerman, William] Towson Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Geosci, 8000 York Rd, Towson, MD 21252 USA. [Prestigiacomo, Joseph C.; Osofsky, Michael S.; Kim, Heungsoo; Bassim, Nabil] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Xing, Zhen; Qazilbash, Mumtaz M.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Smolyaninov, Igor I.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Smolyaninov, II (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM smoly@umd.edu FU NSF grant [DMR-1104676]; School of Emerging Technologies at Towson University FX This work was supported in part by NSF grant DMR-1104676 and the School of Emerging Technologies at Towson University. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 18 U2 18 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD SEP 23 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 34140 DI 10.1038/srep34140 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DX0TA UT WOS:000384076800001 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, NF Won, S Lee, R Lalani, T Ganesan, A Burgess, T Agan, BK AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Won, Seunghyun Lee, Rachel Lalani, Tahaniyat Ganesan, Anuradha Burgess, Timothy Agan, Brian K. TI Vitamin D levels and influenza vaccine immunogenicity among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected adults SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza vaccine; HIV-infected persons; Vitamin D level; Immunogenicity ID MUCOSAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; D DEFICIENCY; D SUPPLEMENTATION; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; EFFICACY; IMMUNIZATION; MORTALITY AB Background: Vaccination is the most important preventive strategy against influenza, however post-vaccination antibody responses are often inadequate especially among HIV-infected persons. Vitamin D deficiency has been suggested to adversely influence immune responses and is highly prevalent among HIV-infected adults. Therefore, we evaluated the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and post-influenza vaccination responses. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study evaluating the immunogenicity of monovalent influenza A (H1N1) vaccination among both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected adults (18-50 years of age) during the 2009-2010 influenza season. Antibody titers were evaluated at baseline, day 28, and 6 months post-vaccination using hemagluttination inhibition assays. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured at day 28. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses examined the association between 25(OH)D levels [categorized as <20 ng/ml (deficiency) vs. >= 20 ng/ml]with the primary outcome of seroconversion. Secondary outcomes included seroprotection; a >= 4-fold increase in titers; and geometric mean titers post-vaccination. Analyses were repeated using 25(OH)D levels as a continuous variable. Results: A total of 128 adults [64 HIV-infected (median CD4 count 580 cells/mm(3)) and 64 HIV-uninfected] were included. Seroconversion at day 28 post-vaccination was achieved in fewer HIV- infected participants compared with HIV-uninfected participants (56% vs. 74%, p = 0.03). Vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent among HIV-infected persons vs. HIV-uninfected persons (25% vs. 17%), although not significantly different (p = 0.39). There were no associations found between lower 25(OH) D levels and poorer antibody responses at day 28 or 6 months for any of the study outcomes among either HIV-infected or HIV-uninfected adults. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency was common among both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected adults, but lower levels did not predict antibody responses after H1N1 (2009) influenza vaccination. Low 25(OH)D levels do not explain poorer post-vaccination responses among HIV-infected persons. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Won, Seunghyun; Lalani, Tahaniyat; Ganesan, Anuradha; Burgess, Timothy; Agan, Brian K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Dept Prevent Med & Biostat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Scripps Mercy Hosp, San Diego, CA USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA USA. [Won, Seunghyun; Lalani, Tahaniyat; Ganesan, Anuradha; Agan, Brian K.] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Bethesda, MD USA. [Lee, Rachel] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Operat Infect Dis, San Diego, CA USA. [Lalani, Tahaniyat] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Crum-Cianflone, NF (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Dept Prevent Med & Biostat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM nancy32red@yahoo.com FU Defense Health Agency (DHA) Immunization Healthcare Branch (MILVAX) [FY13-69]; Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP) [IDCRP-053]; Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Inter-Agency [Y1-AI-5072] FX The authors wish to thank the study participants who volunteered their time for this research study. We also thank the clinical site coordinators and managers as well as personnel (including Mr. Ryan Ortiguerra) at the Operational Infectious Disease laboratory, Naval Health Research Center for performing the 25(OH)D levels. We also thank the Defense Health Agency (DHA) Immunization Healthcare Branch for funding the vitamin D test kits (MILVAX Grant FY13-69).; Support for this work (IDCRP-053) was provided by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072. NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 22 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 41 BP 5040 EP 5046 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.06.019 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DY1LY UT WOS:000384857700028 PM 27577557 ER PT J AU Smith, AF Weiner, RG Skrabalak, SE AF Smith, Alison F. Weiner, Rebecca G. Skrabalak, Sara E. TI Symmetry-Dependent Optical Properties of Stellated Nanocrystals SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOPARTICLES; SILVER; SHAPE; SPECTROSCOPY; NANOCUBES; PLATINUM; GROWTH AB Stellated metal nanostructures are a crass of plasmonic colloids in which large electric field enhancements can occur at their sharp tips, making them excellent candidates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and surface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy (SE-IRS) platforms. Shape-dependent rules for convex polyhedra such as cubes, nanorods, or octahedra exist, which describe far-field scattering and near-field enhancements. However, such rules are lacking for their concave counterparts, which include stellated structures. Here, the optical response of stellated Au nanocrystals with O-h, D-4h, D-3h, C-2v, and T-d symmetry were modeled to systematically investigate the role of symmetry, branching, and particle orientation with respect to excitation source using finite difference time domain (FDTD) calculations. Furthermore, these results are compared to experimentally obtained localized surface plasmon bands determined by UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy for ensembles of similarly shaped metallic nanostructures. These UV-vis spectra include that of the first reported all-Au octopodal structure achieved from seed-mediated methods. From these studies,-symmetry-dependent rules governing, the far-field- and near-field optical response are outlined. These rules can be applied to a variety of concave striictures to yield the optimized far-field and near-field responses for SERS and SE-IRS platforms. C1 [Smith, Alison F.; Weiner, Rebecca G.; Skrabalak, Sara E.] Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Smith, Alison F.] NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. RP Skrabalak, SE (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM sskrabal@indiana.edu FU Indiana University (IU); IU Office of the Vice President for Research through the Faculty Research Support Program; IU Office of the Vice Provost for Research through the Faculty Research Support Program; U.S. National Science Foundation [CHE-1306853]; NSWC Crane PhD Fellowship; Siedle Inorganic Fellowship FX The optical characterization of NCs and simulations were supported by Indiana University (IU) start-up funds and IU's Office of the Vice President for Research and the Office of the Vice Provost for Research through the Faculty Research Support Program. Synthesis of NCs was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under grant CHE-1306853. SES is a Cottrell Scholar (Research Corporation), Alfred P. Sloan Fellow, and Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar. AFS acknowledges the support from a NSWC Crane PhD Fellowship. RGW acknowledges the support from the Siedle Inorganic Fellowship. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD SEP 22 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 37 SI SI BP 20563 EP 20571 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b12280 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DX0EM UT WOS:000384034600010 ER PT J AU Warren, HP Reep, JW Crump, NA Simoes, PJA AF Warren, Harry P. Reep, Jeffrey W. Crump, Nicholas A. Simoes, Paulo J. A. TI TRANSITION REGION AND CHROMOSPHERIC SIGNATURES OF IMPULSIVE HEATING EVENTS. I. OBSERVATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; Sun: transition region ID CORONAL DIAGNOSTIC SPECTROMETER; IMAGING-SPECTROGRAPH IRIS; HARD X-RAY; MG II H; SOLAR-FLARES; ACTIVE-REGION; SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS; ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRA; PLASMA DYNAMICS; EVAPORATION AB We exploit the high spatial resolution and high cadence of the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph ( IRIS) to investigate the response of the transition region and chromosphere to energy deposition during a small flare. Simultaneous observations from the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager provide constraints on the energetic electrons precipitating into the flare footpoints, while observations of the X-Ray Telescope, Atmospheric Imaging Assembly, and Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer ( EIS) allow us to measure the temperatures and emission measures from the resulting flare loops. We find clear evidence for heating over an extended period on the spatial scale of a single IRIS pixel. During the impulsive phase of this event, the intensities in each pixel for the Si IV 1402.770 angstrom, C II 1334.535 angstrom, Mg II 2796.354 angstrom, and O I 1355.598 angstrom emission lines are characterized by numerous small-scale bursts typically lasting 60 s or less. Redshifts are observed in Si IV, C II, and Mg II during the impulsive phase. Mg II shows redshifts during the bursts and stationary emission at other times. The Si IV and C II profiles, in contrast, are observed to be redshifted at all times during the impulsive phase. These persistent redshifts are a challenge for one-dimensional hydrodynamic models, which predict only short-duration downflows in response to impulsive heating. We conjecture that energy is being released on many small- scale filaments with a power-law distribution of heating rates. C1 [Warren, Harry P.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Reep, Jeffrey W.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Crump, Nicholas A.] Naval Res Lab, Naval Ctr Space Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Simoes, Paulo J. A.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. RP Warren, HP (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Reep, Jeffrey/0000-0003-4739-1152; Warren, Harry/0000-0001-6102-6851 FU NASA; European Community [606862]; Norwegian Space Center through an ESA PRODEX contract FX This work was supported by NASA's Hinode project. The research leading to these results has also received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 606862 (F-CHROMA) (PJAS). IRIS is a NASA Small Explorer developed and operated by LMSAL with mission operations executed at NASA Ames Research center and major contributions to downlink communications funded by the Norwegian Space Center through an ESA PRODEX contract. CHIANTI is a collaborative project involving George Mason University, the University of Michigan (USA), and the University of Cambridge (UK). The authors would like to thank Richard Schwartz for help with the RHESSI imaging. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 20 PY 2016 VL 829 IS 1 AR 35 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/829/1/35 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DY8IY UT WOS:000385374500035 ER PT J AU Zhai, YF Baturina, O Ramaker, DE Farquhar, E St-Pierre, J Swider-Lyons, KE AF Zhai, Yunfeng Baturina, Olga Ramaker, David E. Farquhar, Erik St-Pierre, Jean Swider-Lyons, Karen E. TI Bromomethane Contamination in the Cathode of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Fischer Symposium CY JUN 07-11, 2015 CL Lubeck, GERMANY SP Int Soc Electrochemistry, Kiel Univ, Res Focus Nano & Surface Sci, Ametek, Keysight Technologies DE PEM fuel cell; Bromomethane contamination; Cyclic voltammetry; X-ray adsorption fine structure analysis; Donnan exclusion ID OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; PLATINUM-ELECTRODES; PEMFC PERFORMANCE; ADSORPTION; BROMIDE; PT(111); ELECTROCATALYSTS; DEGRADATION; DURABILITY AB The effects of bromomethane (BrCH3), an airborne contaminant, on the performance of a single PEMFC are compared with that of another halocarbon, chlorobenzene. Under a constant current of 1 A cm (2) and at 45 degrees C, 20 ppm bromomethane causes approximately 30% cell voltage loss in approximately 30 h, as opposed to much more rapid performance degradation observed with chlorobenzene. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, linear scanning voltammetry, and polarization measurements are applied to characterize the temporary electrochemical reaction effect and permanent performance effects. X-ray absorption spectroscopy is used to confirm that Br is adsorbed on the Pt electrocatalyst surface. We conclude that airborne bromomethane poisons a PEMFC in a different way from chlorobenzene because it is largely hydrolyzed to bromide, Br , which is then excluded from the Pt catalyst by the negatively charged Nafion ionomer. The little Br and bromomethane that adsorbs on the Pt surface can be partially removed by cycling but causes some irreversible surface area loss. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhai, Yunfeng; St-Pierre, Jean] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Nat Energy Inst, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Baturina, Olga; Ramaker, David E.; Swider-Lyons, Karen E.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Farquhar, Erik] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Synchrotron Biosci, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zhai, YF (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Nat Energy Inst, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM yunfeng@hawaii.edu FU NIBIB NIH HHS [P30 EB009998]; United States NIBIB NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 EI 1873-3859 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD SEP 20 PY 2016 VL 213 BP 482 EP 489 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.06.157 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA DU5KZ UT WOS:000382251900060 PM 27695133 ER PT J AU Jackson, BE Evangelista, DJ Ray, DD Hedrick, TL AF Jackson, Brandon E. Evangelista, Dennis J. Ray, Dylan D. Hedrick, Tyson L. TI 3D for the people: multi-camera motion capture in the field with consumer-grade cameras and open source software SO BIOLOGY OPEN LA English DT Article DE Videography; Photogrammetry; Kinematics; Multiple cameras; Calibration ID ONE-DIMENSIONAL OBJECTS; FLIGHT; CALIBRATION; PERFORMANCE; VIDEOGRAPHY; KINEMATICS; PIGEONS AB Ecological, behavioral and biomechanical studies often need to quantify animal movement and behavior in three dimensions. In laboratory studies, a common tool to accomplish these measurements is the use of multiple, calibrated high-speed cameras. Until very recently, the complexity, weight and cost of such cameras have made their deployment in field situations risky; furthermore, such cameras are not affordable to many researchers. Here, we show how inexpensive, consumer-grade cameras can adequately accomplish these measurements both within the laboratory and in the field. Combined with our methods and open source software, the availability of inexpensive, portable and rugged cameras will open up new areas of biological study by providing precise 3D tracking and quantification of animal and human movement to researchers in a wide variety of field and laboratory contexts. C1 [Jackson, Brandon E.] Longwood Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Farmville, VA 23909 USA. [Evangelista, Dennis J.] US Naval Acad, Weap & Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Ray, Dylan D.; Hedrick, Tyson L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Jackson, BE (reprint author), Longwood Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Farmville, VA 23909 USA. EM jacksonbe3@longwood.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N0001410109452]; National Science Foundation [IOS 1253276]; Longwood University's PRISM FX The work was supported by the Office of Naval Research [grant number N0001410109452 to T.L.H. and eight others], by the National Science Foundation [grant number IOS 1253276 to T.L.H.], and by Longwood University's PRISM (to B.E.J.). NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-6390 J9 BIOL OPEN JI Biol. Open PD SEP 15 PY 2016 VL 5 IS 9 BP 1334 EP 1342 DI 10.1242/bio.018713 PG 9 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DX0TF UT WOS:000384077300018 PM 27444791 ER PT J AU Hamman, J Nijssen, B Brunke, M Cassano, J Craig, A DuVivier, A Hughes, M Lettenmaier, DP Maslowski, W Osinski, R Roberts, A Zeng, XB AF Hamman, Joseph Nijssen, Bart Brunke, Michael Cassano, John Craig, Anthony DuVivier, Alice Hughes, Mimi Lettenmaier, Dennis P. Maslowski, Wieslaw Osinski, Robert Roberts, Andrew Zeng, Xubin TI Land Surface Climate in the Regional Arctic System Model SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID BOREAL FOREST; SOIL-MOISTURE; UNITED-STATES; VIC-2L MODEL; ERA-INTERIM; PARAMETERIZATION; PRECIPITATION; EARTH; DISCHARGE; UNCERTAINTY AB The Regional Arctic System Model (RASM) is a fully coupled, regional Earth system model applied over the pan-Arctic domain. This paper discusses the implementation of the Variable Infiltration Capacity land surface model (VIC) in RASM and evaluates the ability of RASM, version 1.0, to capture key features of the land surface climate and hydrologic cycle for the period 1979-2014 in comparison with uncoupled VIC simulations, reanalysis datasets, satellite measurements, and in situ observations. RASM reproduces the dominant features of the land surface climatology in the Arctic, such as the amount and regional distribution of precipitation, the partitioning of precipitation between runoff and evapotranspiration, the effects of snow on the water and energy balance, and the differences in turbulent fluxes between the tundra and taiga biomes. Surface air temperature biases in RASM, compared to reanalysis datasets ERA-Interim and MERRA, are generally less than 2 degrees C; however, in the cold seasons there are local biases that exceed 6 degrees C. Compared to satellite observations, RASM captures the annual cycle of snow-covered area well, although melt progresses about two weeks faster than observations in the late spring at high latitudes. With respect to derived fluxes, such as latent heat or runoff, RASM is shown to have similar performance statistics as ERA-Interim while differing substantially from MERRA, which consistently overestimates the evaporative flux across the Arctic region. C1 [Hamman, Joseph; Nijssen, Bart] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Brunke, Michael; Zeng, Xubin] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ USA. [Cassano, John; DuVivier, Alice; Hughes, Mimi] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Cassano, John; DuVivier, Alice; Hughes, Mimi] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Craig, Anthony; Maslowski, Wieslaw; Roberts, Andrew] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA USA. [Hughes, Mimi] NOAA, Earth Sci Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA. [Lettenmaier, Dennis P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Osinski, Robert] Polish Inst Oceanol, Sopot, Poland. RP Nijssen, B (reprint author), Univ Washington, Civil & Environm Engn, Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM nijssen@uw.edu RI Hughes, Mimi/C-3710-2009; Nijssen, Bart/B-1013-2012; OI Hughes, Mimi/0000-0002-4554-9289; Nijssen, Bart/0000-0002-4062-0322; Hamman, Joseph/0000-0001-7479-8439 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-07ER64460, DE-SC0006856, DE-SC0006178]; DOD FX This research was supported under U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Grants DE-FG02-07ER64460 and DE-SC0006856 to the University of Washington, and DE-SC0006178 to the University of Colorado. Supercomputing resources were provided through the Department of Defense (DOD) High Performance Computing Modernization Program at the Army Engineer Research and Development Center and the Air Force Research Laboratory. We would also like to thank Jose Renteria and Kevin Lind for their early contributions to the coupling of VIC within RASM, work that was funded through the DOD user Productivity, Enhancement, Technology Transfer, and Training (PETTT) program. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD SEP 15 PY 2016 VL 29 IS 18 BP 6543 EP 6562 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0415.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DW7JZ UT WOS:000383828300008 ER PT J AU Bisset, RN Wilson, RM Baillie, D Blakie, PB AF Bisset, R. N. Wilson, R. M. Baillie, D. Blakie, P. B. TI Ground-state phase diagram of a dipolar condensate with quantum fluctuations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; TEMPERATURE; GASES AB We consider the ground state properties of a trapped dipolar condensate under the influence of quantum fluctuations. We show that this system can undergo a phase transition from a low density condensate state to a high density droplet state, which is stabilized by quantum fluctuations. The energetically favored state depends on the geometry of the confining potential, the number of atoms, and the two-body interactions. We develop a simple variational ansatz and validate it against full numerical solutions. We produce a phase diagram for the system and present results relevant to current experiments with dysprosium and erbium condensates. C1 [Bisset, R. N.] Univ Trento, INO CNR BEC Ctr, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Povo, Italy. [Bisset, R. N.] Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Povo, Italy. [Wilson, R. M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Baillie, D.; Blakie, P. B.] Univ Otago, Dept Phys, Ctr Quantum Sci, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Baillie, D.; Blakie, P. B.] Univ Otago, Dodd Walls Ctr Photon & Quantum Technol, Dunedin, New Zealand. RP Bisset, RN (reprint author), Univ Trento, INO CNR BEC Ctr, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Povo, Italy.; Bisset, RN (reprint author), Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Povo, Italy. RI Bisset, Russell/H-1750-2012; Baillie, Danny/C-6301-2011; Blakie, Peter/A-1554-2009 OI Baillie, Danny/0000-0002-8194-7612; Blakie, Peter/0000-0003-4772-6514 FU QUIC grant of the Horizon2020 FET program; Provincia Autonoma di Trento; National Science Foundation [PHYS-1516421] FX We would like to thank F. Dalfovo and S. Stringari for useful discussions. R.N.B. acknowledges support by the QUIC grant of the Horizon2020 FET program and by Provincia Autonoma di Trento. R.M.W. acknowledges partial support from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHYS-1516421. D.B. and P.B.B. acknowledge the contribution of NZ eScience Infrastructure (NeSI) high-performance computing facilities and support from the Marsden Fund of the Royal Society of New Zealand. NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD SEP 15 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 3 AR 033619 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.033619 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA DV7ST UT WOS:000383138300006 ER PT J AU Nealon, CM Welsh, TP Kim, CS Phillips, RS AF Nealon, Christopher M. Welsh, Travis P. Kim, Chang Sup Phillips, Robert S. TI I86A/C295A mutant secondary alcohol dehydrogenase from Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus has broadened substrate specificity for aryl ketones SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Mutagenesis; Substrate specificity; Stereospecificity; Alcohol dehydrogenase; Thermophilic ID TENUIS XYLOSE REDUCTASE; ASYMMETRIC REDUCTION; CARBONYL REDUCTASE; CANDIDA-TENUIS; GEN-NOV; ENANTIOSELECTIVE REDUCTION; SATURATION MUTAGENESIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIUM; POINT MUTATION; TEMPERATURE AB Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus secondary alcohol dehydrogenase (SADH) reduces aliphatic ketones according to Prelog's Rule, with binding pockets for small and large substituents. It was shown previously that the I86A mutant SADH reduces acetophenone, which is not a substrate of wild-type SADH, to give the anti-Prelog R-product (Musa, M. M.; Lott, N.; Laivenieks, M.; Watanabe, L; Vieille, C.; Phillips, R. S. ChemCatChem 2009,1, 89-93.). However, I86A SADH did not reduce aryl ketones with substituents larger than fluorine. We have now expanded the small pocket of the active site of I86A SADH by mutation of Cys-295 to alanine to allow reaction of substituted acetophenones. As predicted, the double mutant I86A/ C295A SADH has broadened substrate specificity for meta-substituted, but not pars-substituted, acetophenones. However, the increase of the substrate specificity of I86A/C295A SADH is accompanied by a decrease in the k(cat)/K-m, values of acetophenones, possibly due to the substrates fitting loosely inside the more open active site. Nevertheless, I86A/C295A SADH gives high conversions and very high enantiomeric excess of the anti-Prelog R-alcohols from the tested substrates. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Nealon, Christopher M.; Welsh, Travis P.; Phillips, Robert S.] Univ Georgia, Dept Chem, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Kim, Chang Sup] Hanbat Natl Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Daejeon 34158, South Korea. [Phillips, Robert S.] Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Nealon, Christopher M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Welsh, Travis P.] Augusta Univ, Med Coll Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Phillips, RS (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Chem, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM plp@uga.edu NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0003-9861 EI 1096-0384 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD SEP 15 PY 2016 VL 606 BP 151 EP 156 DI 10.1016/j.abb.2016.08.002 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA DU7WA UT WOS:000382424100018 PM 27495738 ER PT J AU Amarasinghe, PM Kim, JS Chen, H Trivedi, S Qadri, SB Soos, J Diestler, M Zhang, DJ Gupta, N Jensen, JL Jensen, J AF Amarasinghe, Priyanthi M. Kim, Joo-Soo Chen, Henry Trivedi, Sudhir Qadri, Syed B. Soos, Jolanta Diestler, Mark Zhang, Dajie Gupta, Neelam Jensen, Janet L. Jensen, James TI Growth of high quality mercurous halide single crystals by physical vapor transport method for AOM and radiation detection applications SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE High resolution X-ray diffraction; X-ray topography; Growth from vapor; Single crystal growth; Halides; Acousto-optic materials ID SPECTROPOLARIMETRIC IMAGER; DISTANCES; HG2CL2; HG2BR2 AB Single crystals of mercurous halide were grown by physical vapor transport method (PVT). The orientation and the crystalline quality of the grown crystals were determined using high resolution x-ray diffraction (HRXRD) technique. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the grown mercurous bromide crystals was measured to be 0.13 degrees for (004) reflection, which is the best that has been achieved so far for PVT grown mercurous halide single crystals. The extended defects of the crystals were also analyzed using high resolution x-ray diffraction topography. Preliminary studies were carried out to evaluate the performance of the crystals on acousto-optic modulator (AOM) and gamma-ray detector applications. The results indicate the grown mercurous halide crystals are excellent materials for acousto-optic modulator device fabrication. The diffraction efficiencies of the fabricated AOM device with 1152 and 1523 nm wavelength lasers polarizing parallel to the acoustic wave were found to be 35% and 28%, respectively. The results also indicate the grown crystals are a promising material for gamma-ray detector application with a very high energy resolution of 1.86% FVVHM. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Amarasinghe, Priyanthi M.; Kim, Joo-Soo; Chen, Henry; Trivedi, Sudhir; Soos, Jolanta; Diestler, Mark; Zhang, Dajie] Brimrose Technol Corp, Sparks, MD 21152 USA. [Qadri, Syed B.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Gupta, Neelam] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Jensen, Janet L.; Jensen, James] US Army, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Amarasinghe, PM (reprint author), Brimrose Technol Corp, Sparks, MD 21152 USA. EM pamarsi@brimrose.com FU US Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center [W911SR-14-C-0065]; US Army Research Laboratory [W911QX-06-C-0074, W911QX-06-C-0074-P0006] FX The authors would like to thank Dave Mayers, Paul Deng, Helen He and Julie Chen for their support on sample preparation. This research has been supported by the US Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Contract number W911SR-14-C-0065 and US Army Research Laboratory, Contract numbers W911QX-06-C-0074 and W911QX-06-C-0074-P0006. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 EI 1873-5002 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD SEP 15 PY 2016 VL 450 BP 96 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2016.06.025 PG 7 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA DU5MX UT WOS:000382256900016 ER PT J AU Jung, E Albrecht, BA Sorooshian, A Zuidema, P Jonsson, HH AF Jung, Eunsil Albrecht, Bruce A. Sorooshian, Armin Zuidema, Paquita Jonsson, Haflidi H. TI Precipitation susceptibility in marine stratocumulus and shallow cumulus from airborne measurements SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AEROSOL CLOUD EXPERIMENT; VOCALS-REX; BOUNDARY-LAYER; MODEL; RAIN; VARIABILITY; DRIZZLE; OCEAN; PARAMETERIZATIONS; DISTRIBUTIONS AB Precipitation tends to decrease as aerosol concentration increases in warm marine boundary layer clouds at fixed liquid water path (LWP). The quantitative nature of this relationship is captured using the precipitation susceptibility (S-o) metric. Previously published works disagree on the qualitative behavior of S-o in marine low clouds: S-o decreases monotonically with increasing LWP or cloud depth (H) in stratocumulus clouds (Sc), while it increases and then decreases in shallow cumulus clouds (Cu). This study uses airborne measurements from four field campaigns on Cu and Sc with similar instrument packages and flight maneuvers to examine if and why S-o behavior varies as a function of cloud type. The findings show that S-o increases with H and then decreases in both Sc and Cu. Possible reasons for why these results differ from those in previous studies of Sc are discussed. C1 [Jung, Eunsil; Albrecht, Bruce A.; Zuidema, Paquita] Univ Miami, Dept Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Jonsson, Haflidi H.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Jung, Eunsil] Natl Inst Meteorol Sci, Jeju 63568, South Korea. RP Jung, E (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.; Jung, E (reprint author), Natl Inst Meteorol Sci, Jeju 63568, South Korea. EM eunsil.jung@gmail.com OI Sorooshian, Armin/0000-0002-2243-2264 FU ONR [N000140810465, N00014-10-1-0811, N00014-16-1-2567]; NSF [AGS-1008848] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the crews of the CIRPAS Twin Otter for their assistance during these field campaigns. EJ acknowledges Chris Terai for his helpful discussion of the estimate of precipitation susceptibility. This study was funded by ONR grants N000140810465, N00014-10-1-0811, N00014-16-1-2567, and NSF grant AGS-1008848. We thank three anonymous reviewers for thoughtful suggestions and constructive criticism that have helped to improve the manuscript. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 14 PY 2016 VL 16 IS 17 BP 11395 EP 11413 DI 10.5194/acp-16-11395-2016 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EL1BZ UT WOS:000394356800001 ER PT J AU Barbic, M ElBidweihy, H AF Barbic, Mladen ElBidweihy, Hatem TI Effect of magnetic nanoparticle shape on flux amplification in inductive coil magnetic resonance detection SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-SPIN NOISE; REVERSIBLE TRANSVERSE SUSCEPTIBILITY; EXCHANGE BIAS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; NMR MICROSCOPY; FIELD SENSORS; SENSITIVITY; ANISOTROPY; PARTICLES; RATIO AB We model and analyze the effect of particle shape on the signal amplification in inductive coil magnetic resonance detection using the reversible transverse magnetic susceptibility of oriented magnetic nanostructures. Utilizing the single magnetic domain Stoner-Wohlfarth model of uniform magnetization rotation, we reveal that different ellipsoidal particle shapes can have a pronounced effect on the magnetic flux enhancement in detection configurations typical of magnetic resonance settings. We compare and contrast the prolate ellipsoids, oblate ellipsoids, and exchange-biased spheres and show that the oblate ellipsoids and exchange-biased spheres have a significantly higher flux amplification effect than the prolate ellipsoids considered previously. In addition, oblate ellipsoids have a much broader polarizing magnetic field range over which their transverse flux amplification is significant. We show the dependence of transverse flux amplification on magnetic resonance bias field and discuss the resulting signal-to-noise ratio of inductive magnetic resonance detection due to the magnetic nanoparticle-filled core of the magnetic resonance detection coil. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Barbic, Mladen] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Appl Phys & Instrumentat Grp, Janelia Res Campus,19700 Helix Dr, Ashburn, VA 20147 USA. [ElBidweihy, Hatem] US Naval Acad, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, 121 Blake Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Barbic, M (reprint author), Howard Hughes Med Inst, Appl Phys & Instrumentat Grp, Janelia Res Campus,19700 Helix Dr, Ashburn, VA 20147 USA. FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute; United States Naval Academy FX This work was supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the United States Naval Academy. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 14 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 10 AR 104506 DI 10.1063/1.4962451 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DX3BO UT WOS:000384247900018 ER PT J AU Ellis, CT Tischler, JG Glembocki, OJ Bezares, FJ Giles, AJ Kasica, R Shirey, L Owrutsky, JC Chigrin, DN Caldwell, JD AF Ellis, Chase T. Tischler, Joseph G. Glembocki, Orest J. Bezares, Francisco J. Giles, Alexander J. Kasica, Richard Shirey, Loretta Owrutsky, Jeffrey C. Chigrin, Dmitry N. Caldwell, Joshua D. TI Aspect-ratio driven evolution of high-order resonant modes and near-field distributions in localized surface phonon polariton nanostructures SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID NATURAL HYPERBOLIC MATERIAL; PLASMON RESONANCE; METAL NANOPARTICLES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; BORON-NITRIDE; LIGHT; METAMATERIALS; OSCILLATIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; NANOANTENNAS AB Polar dielectrics have garnered much attention as an alternative to plasmonic metals in the mid-to long-wave infrared spectral regime due to their low optical losses. As such, nanoscale resonators composed of these materials demonstrate figures of merit beyond those achievable in plasmonic equivalents. However, until now, only low-order, phonon-mediated, localized polariton resonances, known as surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs), have been observed in polar dielectric optical resonators. In the present work, we investigate the excitation of 16 distinct high-order, multipolar, localized surface phonon polariton resonances that are optically excited in rectangular pillars etched into a semi-insulating silicon carbide substrate. By elongating a single pillar axis we are able to significantly modify the far-and near-field properties of localized SPhP resonances, opening the door to realizing narrow-band infrared sources with tailored radiation patterns. Such control of the near-field behavior of resonances can also impact surface enhanced infrared optical sensing, which is mediated by polarization selection rules, as well as the morphology and strength of resonator hot spots. Furthermore, through the careful choice of polar dielectric material, these results can also serve as the guiding principles for the generalized design of optical devices that operate from the mid-to far-infrared. C1 [Ellis, Chase T.; Tischler, Joseph G.; Glembocki, Orest J.; Bezares, Francisco J.; Giles, Alexander J.; Shirey, Loretta; Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.; Caldwell, Joshua D.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bezares, Francisco J.] Amer Soc Engn Educ, Washington, DC USA. [Kasica, Richard] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Chigrin, Dmitry N.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys IA 1, Aachen, Germany. RP Ellis, CT (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM chase.ellis@nrl.navy.mil RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008 OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168 FU Office of Naval Research; National Research Council; American Society for Engineering Education postdoctoral fellowship programs FX The authors would like to thank Yiguo Chen and Stefan Maier of Imperial College London for infrared grazing angle measurements not presented in this work. Electron beam lithography was performed at NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology. Funding for the NRL authors was provided by the Office of Naval Research & administered by the Naval Research Laboratory Nanoscience Institute. C.T.E., A.J.G. and F.J.B. acknowledge support from the National Research Council and the American Society for Engineering Education postdoctoral fellowship programs. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 35 U2 35 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD SEP 13 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 32959 DI 10.1038/srep32959 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DV4XE UT WOS:000382928200001 PM 27622525 ER PT J AU Zhang, QR Rhodes, D Zeng, B Johannes, MD Balicas, L AF Zhang, Q. R. Rhodes, D. Zeng, B. Johannes, M. D. Balicas, L. TI Non-Ising-like two-dimensional superconductivity in a bulk single crystal SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL FIELDS; PDTE2 CHAINS; TA4PD3TE16; VORTICES AB Both Nb3PdxSe7 and Ta4Pd3Te16 crystallize in a monoclinic point group while exhibiting superconducting transition temperatures as high as T-c similar to 3.5 and similar to 4.7K, respectively. Disorder was claimed to lead to the extremely large upper critical fields (H-c2) observed in related compounds. Despite the presence of disorder and heavier elements, H-c2s in Ta4Pd3Te16 are found to be considerably smaller than those of Nb3PdxSe7 while displaying an anomalous, nonsaturating linear dependence on temperature T for fields along all three crystallographic axes. In contrast, crystals of the latter compound displaying the highest T(c)s display H-c2 alpha (1-T/T-c)(1/2), which in monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides is claimed to be evidence for an Ising paired superconducting state resulting from strong spin-orbit coupling. This anomalous T dependence indicates that the superconducting state of Nb3PdxSe7 is quasi-two-dimensional in nature. This is further supported by a nearly divergent anisotropy in upper-critical fields, i.e., gamma= H-c2(b)/H-c2(a)', upon approaching T-c. Hence, in Nb3PdxSe7 the increase of T-c correlates with a marked reduction in electronic dimensionality as observed, for example, in intercalated FeSe. For the Nb compound, Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that an increase in the external field produces an anisotropic orbital response, with especially strong polarization at the Pd sites when the field is perpendicular to their square planar environment. The field also produces an anisotropic spin moment at both Pd sites. Therefore, DFT suggests the field-induced pinning of the spin to the lattice as a possible mechanism for decoupling the superconducting planes. C1 [Zhang, Q. R.; Rhodes, D.; Zeng, B.; Balicas, L.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Zhang, Q. R.; Rhodes, D.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Johannes, M. D.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Balicas, L (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. EM balicas@magnet.fsu.edu FU National Science Foundation Cooperative Agreement [DMR-1157490]; State of Florida; DOE-BES [DE-SC0002613] FX We acknowledge D. F. Agterberg for useful discussions and T. Besara and T. Siegrist for the x-ray diffraction measurements on the Ta4Pd3Te16 single crystals. This work was performed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, which is supported by National Science Foundation Cooperative Agreement No. DMR-1157490 and the State of Florida. L.B. is supported by DOE-BES through award DE-SC0002613. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 28 U2 28 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 12 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 9 AR 094511 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.094511 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DV7SX UT WOS:000383138700005 ER PT J AU Hindes, J Szwaykowska, K Schwartz, IB AF Hindes, Jason Szwaykowska, Klementyna Schwartz, Ira B. TI Hybrid dynamics in delay-coupled swarms with mothership networks SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CHEMOTACTIC BACTERIA; PATTERNS; SYSTEMS; AGENTS AB Swarming behavior continues to be a subject of immense interest because of its centrality in many naturally occurring systems in physics and biology, as well as its importance in applications such as robotics. Here we examine the effects on swarm pattern formation from delayed communication and topological heterogeneity, and in particular, the inclusion of a relatively small number of highly connected nodes, or "motherships," in a swarm's communication network. We find generalized forms of basic patterns for networks with general degree distributions, and a variety of dynamic behaviors including parameter regions with multistability and hybrid motions in bimodal networks. The latter is an interesting example of how heterogeneous networks can have dynamics that is a mix of different states in homogeneous networks, where high-and low-degree nodes have distinct behavior simultaneously. C1 [Hindes, Jason; Szwaykowska, Klementyna; Schwartz, Ira B.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Sect, Code 6792, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hindes, J (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Sect, Code 6792, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory [N0001414WX00023]; office of Naval Research [N0001416WX00657, N0001412WX20083]; National Research Council through postdoctoral fellowships FX J.H. and K.S. acknowledge support from the National Research Council through postdoctoral fellowships. I.B.S. was supported by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory funding (Grant No. N0001414WX00023) and office of Naval Research (Grants No. N0001416WX00657 and No. N0001412WX20083). NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD SEP 12 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 3 AR 032306 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.94.032306 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA DV7ZA UT WOS:000383156100003 PM 27739837 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Adkins, JK Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alekseev, I Anderson, DM Aparin, A Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, EC Ashraf, MU Attri, A Averichev, GS Bai, X Bairathi, V Bellwied, R Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattarai, R Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Bouchet, J Brandenburg, JD Brandin, AV Bunzarov, I Butterworth, J Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Campbell, JM Cebra, D Chakaberia, I Chaloupka, R Chang, Z Chatterjee, A Chattopadhyay, S Chen, X Chen, JH Cheng, J Cherney, M Christie, W Contin, G Crawford, HJ Das, S De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA di Ruzza, B Didenko, L Dilks, C Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Engelage, J Eppley, G Esha, R Evdokimov, O Eyser, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Federic, P Fedorisin, J Feng, Z Filip, P Fisyak, Y Flores, CE Fulek, L Gagliardi, CA Garand, D Geurts, F Gibson, A Girard, M Greiner, L Grosnick, D Gunarathne, DS Guo, Y Gupta, S Gupta, A Guryn, W Hamad, AI Hamed, A Haque, R Harris, JW He, L Heppelmann, S Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Horvat, S Huang, T Huang, B Huang, X Huang, HZ Huck, R Humanic, TJ Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jang, H Jentsch, A Jia, J Jiang, K Judd, EG Kabana, S Kalinkin, D Kang, K Kander, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Khan, ZH Kikola, DP Kisel, I Kisiel, A Kochenda, L Koetke, DD Kosarzewski, LK Kraishan, AF Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Landry, KD Laurat, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Li, X Li, Y Li, C Li, W Li, X Lin, T Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, Y Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Lomnitz, M Longacre, RS Luo, X Luo, S Ma, GL Ma, L Ma, YG Ma, R Magdy, N Majka, R Manion, A Margetis, S Markert, C Matis, HS McDonald, D McKinzie, S Meehan, K Mei, JC Miller, ZW Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mishra, D Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Mustafa, MK Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nigmatkulov, G Niida, T Nogach, LV Noh, SY Novak, J Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Okorokov, VA Olvitt, D Page, BS Pak, R Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Pile, P Pluta, J Poniatowska, K Porter, J Posik, M Poskanzer, AM Pruthi, NK Przybycien, M Putschke, J Qiu, H Quintero, A Ramachandran, S Ray, RL Reed, R Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ruan, L Rusnak, J Rusnakovai, O Sahoo, NR Sahu, PK Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, WB Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shanmuganathan, PV Shao, M Sharma, A Sharma, B Sharma, MK Shen, WQ Shi, Z Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Sikora, R Simko, M Singha, S Skoby, MJ Smirnov, D Smirnov, N Solyst, W Song, L Sorensen, R Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Stepanov, M Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Sumbera, M Summa, B Sun, Y Sun, Z Sun, XM Surrow, B Svirida, DN Tang, Z Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Tawfik, A Thader, J Thomas, JH Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Todoroki, T Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Tripathy, SK Tsai, OD Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Upsal, I Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vandenbroucke, M Varma, R Vasiliev, AN Vertesi, R Videbaek, F Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wang, H Wang, F Wang, Y Wang, JS Wang, G Wang, Y Webb, JC Webb, G Wen, L Westfall, GD Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xiao, ZG Xie, W Xie, G Xin, K Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, Z Xu, J Xu, H Xu, YF Yang, S Yang, Y Yang, C Yang, Y Yang, Y Yang, Q Ye, Z Ye, Z Yi, L Yip, K Yoo, IK Yu, N Zbroszczyk, H Zha, W Zhang, Z Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, S Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, J Zhang, J Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhou, L Zhu, X Zoulkarneeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Adamczyk, L. Adkins, J. K. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alekseev, I. Anderson, D. M. Aparin, A. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. C. Ashraf, M. U. Attri, A. Averichev, G. S. Bai, X. Bairathi, V. Bellwied, R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhattarai, R. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Bouchet, J. Brandenburg, J. D. Brandin, A. V. Bunzarov, I. Butterworth, J. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Campbell, J. M. Cebra, D. Chakaberia, I. Chaloupka, R. Chang, Z. Chatterjee, A. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, X. Chen, J. H. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Christie, W. Contin, G. Crawford, H. J. Das, S. De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. di Ruzza, B. Didenko, L. Dilks, C. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Esha, R. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Federic, P. Fedorisin, J. Feng, Z. Filip, P. Fisyak, Y. Flores, C. E. Fulek, L. Gagliardi, C. A. Garand, D. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Girard, M. Greiner, L. Grosnick, D. Gunarathne, D. S. Guo, Y. Gupta, S. Gupta, A. Guryn, W. Hamad, A. I. Hamed, A. Haque, R. Harris, J. W. He, L. Heppelmann, S. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Horvat, S. Huang, T. Huang, B. Huang, X. Huang, H. Z. Huck, R. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jang, H. Jentsch, A. Jia, J. Jiang, K. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kalinkin, D. Kang, K. Kander, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Khan, Z. H. Kikola, D. P. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Kochenda, L. Koetke, D. D. Kosarzewski, L. K. Kraishan, A. F. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Landry, K. D. Laurat, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, C. Li, W. Li, X. Lin, T. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, Y. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Lomnitz, M. Longacre, R. S. Luo, X. Luo, S. Ma, G. L. Ma, L. Ma, Y. G. Ma, R. Magdy, N. Majka, R. Manion, A. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McKinzie, S. Meehan, K. Mei, J. C. Miller, Z. W. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mishra, D. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Mustafa, M. K. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nigmatkulov, G. Niida, T. Nogach, L. V. Noh, S. Y. Novak, J. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Okorokov, V. A. Olvitt, D., Jr. Page, B. S. Pak, R. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Pile, P. Pluta, J. Poniatowska, K. Porter, J. Posik, M. Poskanzer, A. M. Pruthi, N. K. Przybycien, M. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Quintero, A. Ramachandran, S. Ray, R. L. Reed, R. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Rusnakovai, O. Sahoo, N. R. Sahu, P. K. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shanmuganathan, P. V. Shao, M. Sharma, A. Sharma, B. Sharma, M. K. Shen, W. Q. Shi, Z. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Sikora, R. Simko, M. Singha, S. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, D. Smirnov, N. Solyst, W. Song, L. Sorensen, R. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Stepanov, M. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Sumbera, M. Summa, B. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Sun, X. M. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Tang, Z. Tang, A. H. Tarnowsky, T. Tawfik, A. Thader, J. Thomas, J. H. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Todoroki, T. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Tripathy, S. K. Tsai, O. D. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Upsal, I. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vandenbroucke, M. Varma, R. Vasiliev, A. N. Vertesi, R. Videbaek, F. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wang, H. Wang, F. Wang, Y. Wang, J. S. Wang, G. Wang, Y. Webb, J. C. Webb, G. Wen, L. Westfall, G. D. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xiao, Z. G. Xie, W. Xie, G. Xin, K. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Z. Xu, J. Xu, H. Xu, Y. F. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, C. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yang, Q. Ye, Z. Ye, Z. Yi, L. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Yu, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zha, W. Zhang, Z. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, J. Zhang, J. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhou, L. Zhu, X. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zyzak, M. TI Jet-like correlations with direct-photon and neutral-pion triggers at root S-NN=200 GeV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; COLLISIONS; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE AB Azimuthal correlations of charged hadrons with direct-photon (gamma(dir)) and neutral-pion (pi(0)) trigger particles are analyzed in central Au+Au and minimum-bias p + p collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV in the STAR experiment. The charged-hadron per-trigger yields at mid-rapidity from central Au+Au collisions are compared with p + p collisions to quantify the suppression in Au+Au collisions. The suppression of the away-side associated-particle yields per gamma(dir) trigger is independent of the transverse momentum of the trigger particle (p(T)(trig)), whereas the suppression is smaller at low transverse momentum of the associated charged hadrons (p(T)(assoc)). Within uncertainty, similar levels of suppression are observed for gamma(dir) and pi(0) triggers as a function of z(T) (equivalent to p(T)(assoc)/p(T)(tri)). The results are compared with energy-loss-inspired theoretical model predictions. Our studies support previous conclusions that the lost energy reappears predominantly at low transverse momentum, regardless of the trigger energy. (C) 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Fulek, L.; Przybycien, M.; Sikora, R.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, FPACS, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Bland, L. C.; Chakaberia, I.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Eyser, O.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Jia, J.; Ke, H. W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Laurat, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Ma, R.; Ogawa, A.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, W. B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, R.; Tang, A. H.; Todoroki, T.; Tribedy, P.; Ullrich, T.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Videbaek, F.; Wang, H.; Webb, G.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Draper, J. E.; Flores, C. E.; Heppelmann, S.; Meehan, K.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dunkelberger, L. E.; Esha, R.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Landry, K. D.; Nasim, Md.; Pan, Y. X.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Wen, L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Bai, X.; Feng, Z.; Huck, R.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Pei, H.; Shi, S. S.; Sun, X. M.; Wang, Y.; Xu, J.; Yang, Y.] Cent China Normal Univ, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Evdokimov, O.; Huang, B.; Khan, Z. H.; Luo, S.; Miller, Z. W.; Pandit, Y.; Ye, Z.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; De Silva, L. C.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Chaloupka, R.; Rusnakovai, O.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Federic, P.; Rusnak, J.; Simko, M.; Sumbera, M.; Vertesi, R.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Prague 25068, Czech Republic. [Kisel, I.; Stock, R.; Zyzak, M.] FIAS, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Das, S.; Sahu, P. K.; Tripathy, S. K.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Kalinkin, D.; Lin, T.; Skoby, M. J.; Solyst, W.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, S.; Gupta, A.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, M. K.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Aparin, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Bouchet, J.; Hamad, A. I.; Kabana, S.; Keane, D.; Lomnitz, M.; Margetis, S.; Quintero, A.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Singha, S.; Wu, Y.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Adkins, J. K.; Fatemi, R.; Ramachandran, S.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Jang, H.; Noh, S. Y.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Daejeon 305701, South Korea. [Drachenberg, J. L.] Lamar Univ, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA. [Chen, X.; Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Contin, G.; Dong, X.; Greiner, L.; Manion, A.; Matis, H. S.; McKinzie, S.; Mustafa, M. K.; Odyniec, G.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Shi, Z.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Thader, J.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Reed, R.] Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kochenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Okorokov, V. A.; Strikhanov, M.] Natl Res Nucl Univ MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Bairathi, V.; Haque, R.; Mishra, D.; Mohanty, B.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Campbell, J. M.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Upsal, I.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Pawlik, B.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Attri, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Dilks, C.; Heppelmann, S.; Summa, B.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia. [Garand, D.; He, L.; Hirsch, A.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B.; Stepanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Xie, W.; Zhao, J.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 46241, South Korea. [Brandenburg, J. D.; Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Roberts, J. B.; Tlusty, D.; Xin, K.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Guo, Y.; Jiang, K.; Li, X.; Li, C.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Xie, G.; Yang, S.; Yang, C.; Yang, Q.; Zha, W.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, Y.; Zhou, L.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Mei, J. C.; Xu, Q. H.; Zhang, J.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chen, J. H.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shah, N.; Shen, W. Q.; Shou, Q. Y.; Xu, Y. F.; Zhang, Z.; Zhong, C.] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Magdy, N.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Gunarathne, D. S.; Kraishan, A. F.; Li, X.; Olvitt, D., Jr.; Posik, M.; Surrow, B.; Vandenbroucke, M.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Anderson, D. M.; Chang, Z.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Liu, Y.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mondal, M. M.; Sahoo, N. R.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bhattarai, R.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Jentsch, A.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; McDonald, D.; Song, L.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Ashraf, M. U.; Cheng, J.; Huang, X.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chatterjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Nayak, T. K.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Girard, M.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisiel, A.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, PL-00661 Warsaw, Poland. [Llope, W. J.; Niida, T.; Putschke, J.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Tawfik, A.] World Lab Cosmol & Particle Phys, Cairo 11571, Egypt. [Caines, H.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.; Yi, L.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Huang, T.; Yang, Y.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. RP Sahoo, NR (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM nihar@rcf.rhic.bnl.gov RI Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Yi, Li/Q-1705-2016; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Gunarathne, Devika/C-4903-2017 OI Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Yi, Li/0000-0002-7512-2657; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Gunarathne, Devika/0000-0002-7155-7418 FU RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; KISTI Center in Korea; Open Science Grid consortium; Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; National Research Foundation of Korea; NCKU (Taiwan); FIAS of Germany; National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia; MOE of China; MOST of China; CAS of China; NSFC of China; GA of the Czech Republic; MSMT of the Czech Republic; UGC of India; DST of India; DAE of India FX We thank X. N. Wang and G.-Y Qin for providing their model predictions and helpful discussion. We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, the KISTI Center in Korea, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NSFC, CAS, MOST and MOE of China, the National Research Foundation of Korea, NCKU (Taiwan), GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FIAS of Germany, DAE, DST, and UGC of India, the National Science Centre of Poland, National Research Foundation, the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 19 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 10 PY 2016 VL 760 BP 689 EP 696 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2016.07.046 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA DV4IY UT WOS:000382890500103 ER PT J AU Roth, J Tummala, M McEachen, J AF Roth, John Tummala, Murali McEachen, John TI A computationally efficient approach for hidden-Markov model-augmented fingerprint-based positioning SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE computational complexity; geolocation; hidden-Markov model; maximum-likelihood; timing adjust; fingerprinting ID LOCALIZATION; TUTORIAL AB This paper presents a computationally efficient approach for mobile subscriber position estimation in wireless networks. A method of data scaling assisted by timing adjust is introduced in fingerprint-based location estimation under a framework which allows for minimising computational cost. The proposed method maintains a comparable level of accuracy to the traditional case where no data scaling is used and is evaluated in a simulated environment under varying channel conditions. The proposed scheme is studied when it is augmented by a hidden-Markov model to match the internal parameters to the channel conditions that present, thus minimising computational cost while maximising accuracy. Furthermore, the timing adjust quantity, available in modern wireless signalling messages, is shown to be able to further reduce computational cost and increase accuracy when available. The results may be seen as a significant step towards integrating advanced position-based modelling with power-sensitive mobile devices. C1 [Roth, John] US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Tummala, Murali; McEachen, John] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA USA. RP Roth, J (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM jroth@usna.edu NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7721 EI 1464-5319 J9 INT J SYST SCI JI Int. J. Syst. Sci. PD SEP 9 PY 2016 VL 47 IS 12 BP 2847 EP 2858 DI 10.1080/00207721.2015.1034301 PG 12 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Operations Research & Management Science SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA DJ0UL UT WOS:000373919800010 ER PT J AU Donahue, W Newhauser, WD Ziegler, JF AF Donahue, William Newhauser, Wayne D. Ziegler, James F. TI Analytical model for ion stopping power and range in the therapeutic energy interval for beams of hydrogen and heavier ions SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE stopping power; range; analytical; model; parameterization ID WATER EQUIVALENT THICKNESS; UNIVERSAL FIT FORMULA; ALPHA-PARTICLES; PROTON-BEAMS; MATTER; CARBON AB Many different approaches exist to calculate stopping power and range of protons and heavy charged particles. These methods may be broadly categorized as physically complete theories (widely applicable and complex) or semi-empirical approaches (narrowly applicable and simple). However, little attention has been paid in the literature to approaches that are both widely applicable and simple. We developed simple analytical models of stopping power and range for ions of hydrogen, carbon, iron, and uranium that spanned intervals of ion energy from 351 keV u(-1) to 450 MeV u(-1) or wider. The analytical models typically reproduced the best-available evaluated stopping powers within 1% and ranges within 0.1 mm. The computational speed of the analytical stopping power model was 28% faster than a full-theoretical approach. The calculation of range using the analytic range model was 945 times faster than a widely-used numerical integration technique. The results of this study revealed that the new, simple analytical models are accurate, fast, and broadly applicable. The new models require just 6 parameters to calculate stopping power and range for a given ion and absorber. The proposed model may be useful as an alternative to traditional approaches, especially in applications that demand fast computation speed, small memory footprint, and simplicity. C1 [Donahue, William; Newhauser, Wayne D.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Newhauser, Wayne D.] Mary Bird Perkins Canc Ctr, 4950 Essen Lane, Baton Rouge, LA 70809 USA. [Ziegler, James F.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Newhauser, WD (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.; Newhauser, WD (reprint author), Mary Bird Perkins Canc Ctr, 4950 Essen Lane, Baton Rouge, LA 70809 USA. EM newhauser@lsu.edu FU United States Naval Academy [N00189-13-P-0786]; Louisiana State University [N00189-13-P-0786] FX This work was supported in part by a research agreement between United States Naval Academy and Louisiana State University: Contract No N00189-13-P-0786. The authors thank Paul Maggi, Andrew Halloran, Chris Schneider, Lydia Jagetic, and Dr Robert Carver for useful and insightful discussions NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9155 EI 1361-6560 J9 PHYS MED BIOL JI Phys. Med. Biol. PD SEP 7 PY 2016 VL 61 IS 17 BP 6570 EP 6584 DI 10.1088/0031-9155/61/17/6570 PG 15 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA DX2OK UT WOS:000384209800023 PM 27530803 ER PT J AU Palenik, MC Dunlap, BI AF Palenik, Mark C. Dunlap, Brett I. TI Degenerate density perturbation theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATE ENERGIES; FUNCTIONAL THEORY; SYSTEMS AB Fractional occupation numbers can be used in density functional theory to create a symmetric Kohn-Sham potential, resulting in orbitals with degenerate eigenvalues. We develop the corresponding perturbation theory and apply it to a system of N-d degenerate electrons in a harmonic oscillator potential. The order-by-order expansions of both the fractional occupation numbers and unitary transformations within the degenerate subspace are determined by the requirement that a differentiable map exists connecting the initial and perturbed states. Using the X alpha exchange-correlation (XC) functional, we find an analytic solution for the first-order density and first-through third-order energies as a function of a, with and without a self-interaction correction. The fact that the XC Hessian is not positive definite plays an important role in the behavior of the occupation numbers. C1 [Palenik, Mark C.; Dunlap, Brett I.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6189, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Palenik, MC (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6189, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mark.palenik.ctr@nrl.navy.mil OI Palenik, Mark/0000-0002-6932-8624; Dunlap, Brett/0000-0003-1356-6559 FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Research Laboratory FX This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research, directly and through the Naval Research Laboratory. M.C.P. gratefully acknowledges an NRC/NRL Postdoctoral Research Associateship. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 6 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 11 AR 115108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.115108 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DV9AX UT WOS:000383232800002 ER PT J AU Rahman, MT Deschamps, JR Imer, GH Schwabacher, AW Cook, JM AF Rahman, M. Toufiqur Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Imer, Gregory H. Schwabacher, Alan W. Cook, James M. TI Total Synthesis of Macrocarpines D and E via an Enolate-Driven Copper-Mediated Cross-Coupling Process: Replacement of Catalytic Palladium with Copper Iodide SO ORGANIC LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STEREOSPECIFIC TOTAL-SYNTHESIS; ENANTIOSPECIFIC TOTAL-SYNTHESIS; SARPAGINE INDOLE ALKALOIDS; ALSTONIA-MACROPHYLLA; RING-CLOSURE; MACROLINE; DERIVATIVES; BISINDOLE; RULES; WELL AB An enolate driven copper-mediated cross-coupling process enabled cheaper and greener access to the key pentacyclic intermediates required for the enantiospecific total synthesis of a number of C-19 methyl substituted sarpagine/macroline indole alkaloids. Replacement of palladium (60-68%) with copper iodide (82-89%) resulted in much higher yields. The formation of an unusual 7-membered cross-coupling product was completely inhibited by using TEMPO as a radical scavenger. Further functionalization led to the first enantiospecific total synthesis of macrocarpines D and E. C1 [Rahman, M. Toufiqur; Schwabacher, Alan W.; Cook, James M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biochem, 3210 North Cramer St, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6930, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Cook, JM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biochem, 3210 North Cramer St, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. EM capncook@uwm.edu FU National Institutes of Health [MH096463, HL118561]; Shimadzu Analytical Laboratory of Southeastern Wisconsin FX We gratefully acknowledge support from the National Institutes of Health (MH096463; HL118561) and the Shimadzu Analytical Laboratory of Southeastern Wisconsin. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1523-7060 EI 1523-7052 J9 ORG LETT JI Org. Lett. PD SEP 2 PY 2016 VL 18 IS 17 BP 4174 EP 4177 DI 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01526 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA DV1VW UT WOS:000382711200007 PM 27526647 ER PT J AU Wu, CC Liou, K Lepping, RP Hutting, L Plunkett, S Howard, RA Socker, D AF Wu, Chin-Chun Liou, Kan Lepping, Ronald P. Hutting, Lynn Plunkett, Simon Howard, Russ A. Socker, Dennis TI The first super geomagnetic storm of solar cycle 24: "The St. Patrick's day event (17 March 2015)" SO EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC CLOUDS; INTERPLANETARY SHOCKS; WIND; PARAMETERS; SIMULATION; INTENSITY; ERRORS; AU AB The first super geomagnetic storm (Dst < -200 nT) of solar cycle 24 occurred on "St. Patrick's day" (17 March 2015). Notably, it was a two-step storm. The source of the storm can be traced back to the solar event on 15 March 2015. At similar to 2:10 UT on that day, SOHO/LASCO C3 recorded a partial halo coronal mass ejection (CME), which was associated with a C9.1/1F flare (S22W25) and a series of type II/IV radio bursts. The initial propagation speed of this CME is estimated to be similar to 668 km/s. An interplanetary (IP) shock, likely driven by a magnetic cloud (MC), arrived at the Wind spacecraft at 03:59 UT on 17 March and caused a sudden storm commencement. The storm intensified during the Earth's crossing of the ICME/shock sheath and then recovered slightly after the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) turned northward. The IMF started turning southward again due to a large MC field itself, which caused the second storm intensification, reaching a minimum value (Dst = -223 nT). It is found that the first step is caused by a southward IMF component in the sheath (between the upstream shock and the front of the MC), whereas the second step is associated with the passage of the MC. The CME that erupted on 15 March is the sole solar source of the MC. We also discuss the CME/storm event with detailed data from observations (Wind and SOHO) and our algorithm for predicting the intensity of a geomagnetic storm (Dst(min)) from known IP parameter values. We found that choosing the correct Dst(min) estimating formula for predicting the intensity of MC-associated geomagnetic storms is crucial for space weather predictions. C1 [Wu, Chin-Chun; Hutting, Lynn; Plunkett, Simon; Howard, Russ A.; Socker, Dennis] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Liou, Kan] Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Lepping, Ronald P.] NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Wu, CC (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM chin-chun.wu@nrl.navy.mil; kan.liou@jhuapl.edu; Ronald.p.lepping@gmail.com; Lynn.hutting@nrl.navy.mil; Simon.plunkett@nrl.navy.mil; Russ.howard@nrl.navy.mil; Dennis.Socker@nrl.navy.mil RI Liou, Kan/C-2089-2016 OI Liou, Kan/0000-0001-5277-7688 FU NASA [NNX14AF83G, S-136361-Y] FX We thank the Wind PI team and National Space Science Data Center at Goddard Space Flight Center for management and providing Wind plasma and magnetic field solar wind data. This study was supported partially by the Chief of Naval Research (CCW, SP, DS, LH). K.L. was supported by NASA grant NNX14AF83G to the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. We acknowledge the support of NASA contract S-136361-Y for the STEREO/SEC-CHI effort. CCW has participated in the ISEST working group on the campaign events. CCW would like to thank VarSITI and ISEST for partial travel support. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 20 U2 20 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1880-5981 J9 EARTH PLANETS SPACE JI Earth Planets Space PD SEP 2 PY 2016 VL 68 DI 10.1186/s40623-016-0525-y PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DV3WJ UT WOS:000382855100001 ER PT J AU Thomson, J Fan, YL Stammerjohn, S Stopa, J Rogers, WE Girard-Ardhuin, F Ardhuin, F Shen, H Perrie, W Shen, H Ackley, S Babanin, A Liu, QX Guest, P Maksym, T Wadhams, P Fairall, C Persson, O Doble, M Graber, H Lund, B Squire, V Gemmrich, J Lehner, S Holt, B Meylan, M Brozena, J Bidlot, JR AF Thomson, Jim Fan, Yalin Stammerjohn, Sharon Stopa, Justin Rogers, W. Erick Girard-Ardhuin, Fanny Ardhuin, Fabrice Shen, Hayley Perrie, Will Shen, Hui Ackley, Steve Babanin, Alex Liu, Qingxiang Guest, Peter Maksym, Ted Wadhams, Peter Fairall, Chris Persson, Ola Doble, Martin Graber, Hans Lund, Bjoern Squire, Vernon Gemmrich, Johannes Lehner, Susanne Holt, Benjamin Meylan, Mike Brozena, John Bidlot, Jean-Raymond TI Emerging trends in the sea state of the Beaufort and Chukchi seas SO OCEAN MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Sea ice; Arctic Ocean; Ocean surface waves ID ARCTIC-OCEAN; ICE; WAVES; STORM; SCATTEROMETER; CALIBRATION; REANALYSIS; CYCLONE; HEIGHT; IMPACT AB The sea state of the Beaufort and Chukchi seas is controlled by the wind forcing and the amount of ice-free water available to generate surface waves. Clear trends in the annual duration of the open water season and in the extent of the seasonal sea ice minimum suggest that the sea state should be increasing, independent of changes in the wind forcing. Wave model hindcasts from four selected years spanning recent conditions are consistent with this expectation. In particular, larger waves are more common in years with less summer sea ice and/or a longer open water season, and peak wave periods are generally longer. The increase in wave energy may affect both the coastal zones and the remaining summer ice pack, as well as delay the autumn ice-edge advance. However, trends in the amount of wave energy impinging on the ice-edge are inconclusive, and the associated processes, especially in the autumn period of new ice formation, have yet to be well-described by in situ observations. There is an implicit trend and evidence for increasing wave energy along the coast of northern Alaska, and this coastal signal is corroborated by satellite altimeter estimates of wave energy. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Thomson, Jim] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Fan, Yalin; Rogers, W. Erick] Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Stammerjohn, Sharon] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Stopa, Justin; Girard-Ardhuin, Fanny; Ardhuin, Fabrice] Univ Brest, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD,LOPS,IUEM, F-29280 Brest, France. [Shen, Hayley] Clarkson Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Potsdam, NY USA. [Perrie, Will; Shen, Hui] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, NS, Canada. [Perrie, Will; Shen, Hui] Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dartmouth, NS, Canada. [Ackley, Steve] UTSA, Snow & Ice Geophys Lab, San Antonio, TX USA. [Babanin, Alex] Univ Melbourne, Dept Infrastruct Engn, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Babanin, Alex; Liu, Qingxiang] Swinburne Univ Technol, Fac Sci Engn & Technol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Liu, Qingxiang] Ocean Univ China, Qingdao Collaborat Innovat Ctr Marine Sci & Techn, Phys Oceanog Lab, Qingdao, Peoples R China. [Guest, Peter] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. [Maksym, Ted] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Wadhams, Peter] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge, England. [Fairall, Chris; Persson, Ola] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Fairall, Chris; Persson, Ola] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA. [Doble, Martin] Polar Sci Ltd, Buckingham, England. [Graber, Hans] Univ Miami, Ctr Southeastern Trop Adv Remote Sensing, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Lund, Bjoern] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Squire, Vernon] Univ Otago, Dept Math & Stat, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Gemmrich, Johannes] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Lehner, Susanne] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Cologne, Germany. [Holt, Benjamin] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Meylan, Mike] Univ Newcastle, Sch Math & Phys Sci, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. [Brozena, John] Naval Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Code 7420, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bidlot, Jean-Raymond] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Redding, England. RP Thomson, J (reprint author), Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. EM jthomson@apl.uw.edu RI Girard-Ardhuin, Fanny/L-4153-2015 OI Girard-Ardhuin, Fanny/0000-0001-7819-7665 FU Office of Naval Research "Arctic and Global Prediction" [322]; [N000141310435]; [N000141310278]; [N000141310290]; [N0001413IP20046]; [N000141310280]; [N000141612376]; [N000141310288]; [N0001413WX20830]; [N0001413IP20050]; [N000141310303]; [N000141310446]; [N00014-15-1-2611]; [N0001413WX20825]; [N000141310294]; [N000141310279]; [N000141310434]; [N000141310284]; [N000141310289] FX This work relies heavily on publicly available datasets, including those from the US National Snow and Ice Data Center, the Canadian Space Agency, and the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research, Code 322, "Arctic and Global Prediction", directed by Drs. Martin Jeffries and Scott Harper. (Grant numbers and Principal Investigators are: Ackley, N000141310435; Babanin, N000141310278; Doble, N000141310290; Fairall, N0001413IP20046; Gemmrich, N000141310280; Girard-Ardhuin and Ardhuin, N000141612376; Graber, N000141310288; Guest, N0001413WX20830; Holt, N0001413IP20050; Lehner, N000141310303; Maksym, N000141310446; Perrie, N00014-15-1-2611; Rogers, N0001413WX20825; Shen, N000141310294; Squire, N000141310279; Stammerjohn, N000141310434; Thomson, N000141310284; Wadhams, N000141310289.) NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1463-5003 EI 1463-5011 J9 OCEAN MODEL JI Ocean Model. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 105 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2016.02.009 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA EA6XG UT WOS:000386771800001 ER PT J AU Steuben, J Mustoe, G Turner, C AF Steuben, John Mustoe, Graham Turner, Cameron TI Massively Parallel Discrete Element Method Simulations on Graphics Processing Units SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID MODELS AB This paper outlines the development and implementation of large-scale discrete element method (DEM) simulations on graphics processing hardware. These simulations, as well as the topic of general-purpose graphics processing unit (GPGPU) computing, are introduced and discussed. We proceed to cover the general software design choices and architecture used to realize a GPGPU-enabled DEM simulation, driven primarily by the massively parallel nature of this computing technology. Further enhancements to this simulation, namely, a more advanced sliding friction model and a thermal conduction model, are then addressed. This discussion also highlights some of the finer points and issues associated with GPGPU computing, particularly surrounding the issues of parallelization, synchronization, and approximation. Qualitative comparison studies between simple and advanced sliding friction models demonstrate the effectiveness of the friction model. A test problem and an application problem in the area of wind turbine blade icing demonstrate the capabilities of the thermal model. We conclude with remarks regarding the simulations developed, future work needed, and the general suitability of GPGPU architectures for DEM computations. C1 [Steuben, John] US Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mustoe, Graham] Colorado Sch Mines, Coll Engn & Comp Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Turner, Cameron] Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Turner, C (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM john.steuben.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; gmustoe@mines.edu; cturne9@clemson.edu FU National Research Council's Research Associateship Program FX The authors acknowledge support for this work by the National Research Council's Research Associateship Program. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1530-9827 EI 1944-7078 J9 J COMPUT INF SCI ENG JI J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 16 IS 3 AR 031001 DI 10.1115/1.4033724 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing SC Computer Science; Engineering GA EJ4LT UT WOS:000393189400008 ER PT J AU MacCalman, AD Beery, PT Paulo, EP AF MacCalman, Alex D. Beery, Paul T. Paulo, Eugene P. TI A Systems Design Exploration Approach that Illuminates Tradespaces Using Statistical Experimental Designs SO SYSTEMS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE simulation metamodeling; tradespace exploration; design of experiments AB This paper describes an approach that leverages computer simulation models and statistical experimental designs for exploration studies during the early conceptual design of a system. We apply the approach to a naval ship design problem and demonstrate how we can illuminate trade decisions among multiple design decisions and evaluation measures using a dynamic dashboard. After performing experimental designs on a collection of simulation models, we can fit statistical models that act as surrogates to these simulations. These surrogate models allow us to explore a wider variety of system alternatives rather than fixating on a narrow set of alternatives. The purpose of the approach is to simultaneously explore the operational and physical domains using statistical surrogate models in order to illuminate trade decisions between the system's operational effectiveness and physical design considerations. (C) 2016 This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [MacCalman, Alex D.] US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Beery, Paul T.; Paulo, Eugene P.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Paulo, EP (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM eppaulo@nps.edu FU ONR FX The authors acknowledge a group of researchers who worked on this ONR-sponsored project, and continue with this effort now under a broader NATO umbrella. They include Kelly Cooper and Dick Vogelsong from ONR, Dr. Santiago Balestrini-Robinson and Dr. Charles Domercant from ASDL at Georgia Tech, Dr. Al Brown from Virginia Tech, Dr. Janel Nixon from Integrative Engineering LLC, and our Italian colleagues Natalino Dazzi and Francesco Perra from Orrizonte Sistemi Navali, and Alessandro Bonvincini from CETENA. The authors would also like to thank the reviewers for their insightful recommendations. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1098-1241 EI 1520-6858 J9 SYSTEMS ENG JI Syst. Eng. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 19 IS 5 BP 409 EP 421 DI 10.1002/sys.21352 PG 13 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA EE1HK UT WOS:000389331500002 ER PT J AU Koren, MA Arnold, JC Fairchok, MP Lalani, T Danaher, PJ Schofield, CM Rajnik, M Hansen, EA Mor, D Chen, WJ Ridor, M Burgess, TH Millar, EV AF Koren, Michael A. Arnold, John C. Fairchok, Mary P. Lalani, Tahaniyat Danaher, Patrick J. Schofield, Christina M. Rajnik, Michael Hansen, Erin A. Mor, Deepika Chen, Wei-Ju Ridor, Michelande Burgess, Timothy H. Millar, Eugene V. TI Type-specific clinical characteristics of adenovirus-associated influenza-like illness at five US military medical centers, 2009-2014 SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Adenovirus; influenza-like illness; military ID CHILDREN; INFECTIONS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; OUTBREAK; SEROTYPE; DISEASE AB Background Adenovirus is a recognized cause of influenza-like illness (ILI). The proportion of ILI attributable to adenovirus is not known. Moreover, knowledge gaps remain with respect to the epidemiologic, virologic, and clinical characteristics of adenovirus-associated ILI among otherwise healthy individuals. Methods An observational, longitudinal study of <65-year-old patients with febrile ILI at five medical centers was conducted from 2009 to 2014. Nasopharyngeal specimens obtained at enrollment were first tested by single-reaction PCR for adenovirus, then further evaluated by a multiplex PCR assay for other respiratory viral pathogens. Symptoms over a 28-day period were collected. Results We enrolled 1536 individuals, among whom 43 (2.8%) were positive for adenovirus. The median age of cases was 3.4 years (range: 4 months to 41 years). Three were hospitalized. Species and serotype information was available for 33 (76.7%) cases. Species C (n = 21) was the most common, followed by B3 (n = 9) and one each of E4a, D46, and A. Species C infections were more frequent in children (P < 0.01). Half of the cases were positive for at least one other respiratory viral pathogen. Symptoms were generally mild and most commonly included cough (90%), fatigue (79%), rhinorrhea (74%), loss of appetite (71%), and sore throat (64%). Children with non-C adenovirus infection were more likely to report sore throat (P = 0.05) and hoarseness (P = 0.06) than those with species C infection. Conclusions Adenovirus is frequently detected with other respiratory viruses. Persons with non-C adenovirus infections reported more severe symptoms, suggesting there may be species-specific differences in virulence and/or host response to infection. C1 [Koren, Michael A.; Rajnik, Michael] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Arnold, John C.] Naval Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Fairchok, Mary P.; Lalani, Tahaniyat; Mor, Deepika; Chen, Wei-Ju; Burgess, Timothy H.; Millar, Eugene V.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biostat, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Fairchok, Mary P.; Lalani, Tahaniyat; Hansen, Erin A.; Mor, Deepika; Chen, Wei-Ju; Millar, Eugene V.] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. [Fairchok, Mary P.; Schofield, Christina M.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA USA. [Lalani, Tahaniyat] Naval Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Danaher, Patrick J.] San Antonio Mil Hlth Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. [Hansen, Erin A.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Ridor, Michelande] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Millar, EV (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Dept Prevent Med & Biostat, 11300 Rockville Pike,Suite 1211, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health [Y1-AI-5072]; Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System FX The study was funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, under Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072, and the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD SEP PY 2016 VL 10 IS 5 BP 414 EP 420 DI 10.1111/irv.12392 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA ED3MV UT WOS:000388754100008 PM 27062998 ER PT J AU Stoyanov, P Shockley, JM Dienwiebel, M Chromik, RR AF Stoyanov, Pantcho Shockley, J. Michael Dienwiebel, Martin Chromik, Richard R. TI Combining in situ and online approaches to monitor interfacial processes in lubricated sliding contacts SO MRS Communications LA English DT Article ID NANOCOMPOSITE COATINGS; STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; DUCTILE MATERIALS; FILM THICKNESS; 3RD BODIES; BEHAVIOR; WEAR; TRIBOMETRY; TRIBOLOGY; FRICTION AB In this study, "within the environment" and "within the contact" in situ tribology techniques are combined in order to study the interfacial processes in lubricated metallic (i.e., aluminum-based) sliding conditions. The evolution of the roughness follows the trend of the coefficient of friction closely, with initially low values followed by higher roughness during steady state. Similarly, the transfer film behavior correlates well with the roughness of the worn surfaces and the subsurface microstructure of the worn surfaces. The effect of normal load on the running-in behavior is also studied in terms of differences in the interfacial processes. C1 [Stoyanov, Pantcho; Dienwiebel, Martin] Fraunhofer Inst Mech Mat IWM, MicroTribol Ctr TC, Wohlerstr 11, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany. [Stoyanov, Pantcho; Dienwiebel, Martin] Karlsruhe Inst Technol KIT, Inst Appl Mat IAM, Kaiserstr 12, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Shockley, J. Michael; Chromik, Richard R.] McGill Univ, Dept Min & Mat Engn, Aluminum Res Ctr REGAL, MH Wong Bldg, Montreal, PQ H3A 0C5, Canada. [Shockley, J. Michael] US Naval Res Lab, Tribol & Mol Interfaces Sect, Code 6176, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Stoyanov, P (reprint author), Fraunhofer Inst Mech Mat IWM, MicroTribol Ctr TC, Wohlerstr 11, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany.; Stoyanov, P (reprint author), Karlsruhe Inst Technol KIT, Inst Appl Mat IAM, Kaiserstr 12, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. EM pantcho.stoyanov@mail.mcgill.ca FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada; COST action [MP 1303] FX PS and MD thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for financial support. RRC and JMS thank the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada for financial support. MD also acknowledges support from COST action MP 1303. The authors would also like to thank Patrice Brenner and Eberhard Nold for their contributions with the FIB and XPS analyses, respectively. The authors also thank Markus Stricker for his help with the online measurements. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 2159-6859 EI 2159-6867 J9 MRS COMMUN JI MRS Commun. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 6 IS 3 BP 301 EP 308 DI 10.1557/mrc.2016.35 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ED8RA UT WOS:000389137400019 ER PT J AU Groves, AW Roche, DS AF Groves, A. Whitman Roche, Daniel S. TI Sparse Polynomials in FLINT SO ACM COMMUNICATIONS IN COMPUTER ALGEBRA LA English DT Article AB We have implemented a high-performance C library for sparse polynomials, which is provided as an add-on module to the open-source computation library FLINT [7]. Our implementation incorporates a number of recent theoretical advances in supersparse polynomial arithmetic, most notably recent algorithms for sparse interpolation and multiplication. We provide a summary of the provided functionality, a selection of key implementation decisions, and some preliminary timing data. C1 [Groves, A. Whitman; Roche, Daniel S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Comp Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Groves, AW (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Comp Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM agroves729@gmail.com; roche@usna.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 1932-2232 EI 1932-2240 J9 ACM COMMUN COMPUT AL JI ACM Commun. Comput. Algebr.l PD SEP PY 2016 VL 50 IS 3 BP 105 EP 108 DI 10.1145/3015306.3015314 PG 4 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA EC9UT UT WOS:000388490500008 ER PT J AU Kuersten, A AF Kuersten, Andreas TI China's Changing Legal System: Lawyers and Judges on Civil and Criminal Law SO CHINA QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Kuersten, Andreas] US Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Kuersten, Andreas] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. RP Kuersten, A (reprint author), US Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM andreas.kuersten@armfor.uscourts.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0305-7410 EI 1468-2648 J9 CHINA QUART JI China Q. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 227 SI SI BP 820 EP 822 PG 4 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA EC7QF UT WOS:000388334700018 ER PT J AU Chen, RZ Yan, AD Zaghloul, MAS Lu, GY Bunger, AP Miller, GA Cranch, GA Chen, KP AF Chen, Rongzhang Yan, Aidong Zaghloul, Mohamed A. S. Lu, Guanyi Bunger, Andrew P. Miller, Gary A. Cranch, Geoffrey A. Chen, Kevin P. TI Implementation of distributed feedback fiber laser sensor for acoustic measurements in hydraulic fracturing SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE distributed feedback; fiber laser; strain sensor; acoustic measurement; hydraulic fracturing ID STRAIN; SENSITIVITY AB A distributed feedback (DFB) fiber laser strain sensor was implemented to measure acoustic emission induced by the hydraulic fracturing process. A study of practical sensor mounting configurations and their characteristics was carried out to find a practical solution. Combining the suitable mounting configuration and ultrahigh strain sensitivity of the DFB fiber laser, the evolution of the hydraulic fracturing process was well monitored. This study shows that fiber lasers can be useful alternatives to piezoelectric sensors in the field of hydraulic fracturing for gas and oil extraction. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) C1 [Chen, Rongzhang; Yan, Aidong; Zaghloul, Mohamed A. S.; Chen, Kevin P.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 3700 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Lu, Guanyi; Bunger, Andrew P.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 3700 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Bunger, Andrew P.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, 3700 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Miller, Gary A.; Cranch, Geoffrey A.] US Navy, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chen, KP (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 3700 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM pec9@pitt.edu RI Chen, Rongzhang/B-7259-2017 OI Chen, Rongzhang/0000-0003-4582-2983 FU National Science Foundation [IIP-0810429, CMMI-0826286]; Department of Energy [DE-FE-0003859] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (IIP-0810429 and CMMI-0826286) and the Department of Energy (DE-FE-0003859). NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 55 IS 9 AR 090506 DI 10.1117/1.OE.55.9.090506 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA EC6FV UT WOS:000388232800006 ER PT J AU Lindle, JR Watnik, AT Cassella, VA AF Lindle, James R. Watnik, Abbie T. Cassella, Vincent A. TI Wavelength agile nonmechanical laser beam steering from Fresnel zone plates imprinted on a liquid crystal spatial light modulator SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE laser beam steering; spatial light modulators; optical phased arrays; liquid crystal devices AB Multibeam, multicolor, large-angle beam-steering is demonstrated in the visible spectral region by imprinting Fresnel zone plates (FZP) on a liquid crystal spatial light modulator. Spectral dispersion, both diffractive and refractive, is observed but does not prevent the use of this technology for beam steering applications. The experimental results show that while diffractive dispersion dominates over refractive dispersion, wavelength-specific FZPs can be rendered to direct those beams on target, either simultaneously or consecutively. Only a slight correction in the FZP positon is necessary to compensate for refractive dispersion. The position, intensity, and wavelength of each beam can be controlled independently. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) C1 [Lindle, James R.; Watnik, Abbie T.; Cassella, Vincent A.] US Navy, Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Code 5661,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lindle, JR (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Code 5661,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lindle@nrl.navy.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 55 IS 9 AR 097103 DI 10.1117/1.OE.55.9.097103 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA EC6FV UT WOS:000388232800062 ER PT J AU Hafez, MM AF Hafez, Mohammed M. TI Deterring Rational Fanatics SO POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Hafez, Mohammed M.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Hafez, MM (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0032-3195 EI 1538-165X J9 POLIT SCI QUART JI Polit. Sci. Q. PD FAL PY 2016 VL 131 IS 3 BP 648 EP 650 DI 10.1002/polq.12518 PG 4 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA EC7CV UT WOS:000388294300018 ER PT J AU Russell, JA AF Russell, James A. TI Waging War, Planning Peace: US Noncombat Operations and Major Wars SO POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Russell, James A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Russell, JA (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0032-3195 EI 1538-165X J9 POLIT SCI QUART JI Polit. Sci. Q. PD FAL PY 2016 VL 131 IS 3 BP 653 EP 654 DI 10.1002/polq.12519 PG 2 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA EC7CV UT WOS:000388294300021 ER PT J AU Rao, SM Kluskens, MS AF Rao, Sadasiva M. Kluskens, Michael S. TI A New Power Series Solution Approach to Solving Electrically Large Complex Electromagnetic Scattering Problems SO APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Electromagnetic fields; Integral equations; Method of moments; Numerical methods ID WEIGHTING FUNCTIONS; EQUATIONS; CHOICE AB In this work, we present a new power series solution procedure to obtain induced currents and scattered fields on a large conducting body due to a plane wave incidence. The procedure follows standard method of moments approach yet is applicable to electrically large problems. The first step involves approximating the given structure via standard geometrical discretization and defining the conventional basis functions to approximate the induced current. The next step involves gathering the total number of basis functions into a small number of groups thereby casting the moment matrix into a collection of submatrices representing self and mutual interaction between the groups. Next, the procedure involves eliminating the interaction of two immediate neighbors on any selected group. This process results in a diagonally-dominant moment matrix assuming the group size is sufficiently large. Also the procedure sets the matrix blocks residing on either side of the diagonal block to zero. The new matrix equation can be solved in many ways efficiently. However, this work proposes using power series approach to obtain accurate solution results. The present approach is simple, efficient, highly amenable for parallel processing, and retains all the advantages of conventional method of moments scheme. Several numerical examples are presented to validate the numerical method. C1 [Rao, Sadasiva M.; Kluskens, Michael S.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rao, SM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX This research was conducted under the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program sponsored by the Office of Naval Research. Also, the authors would like to express their appreciation to Dr. Daniel Faircloth, IERUS Technologies, Inc, for providing the input data for Fig. 14. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOC PI UNIVERSITY PA UNIV MISSISSIPPI, DEPT ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY, MS 38677 USA SN 1054-4887 EI 1943-5711 J9 APPL COMPUT ELECTROM JI Appl. Comput. Electromagn. Soc. J. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 31 IS 9 BP 1009 EP 1019 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA DW5AA UT WOS:000383652900001 ER PT J AU Giroletti, M Marcote, B Garrett, MA Paragi, Z Yang, J Hada, K Muxlow, TWB Cheung, CC AF Giroletti, M. Marcote, B. Garrett, M. A. Paragi, Z. Yang, J. Hada, K. Muxlow, T. W. B. Cheung, C. C. TI FRB150418: clues to its nature from European VLBI Network and e-MERLIN observations SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Letter DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual: WISE J071634.59-190039.2; radio continuum: galaxies; scattering ID FAST RADIO-BURSTS; VARIABILITY AB Aims. We investigate the nature of the compact and possibly variable nuclear radio source in the centre of WISE J0716-19, the proposed host galaxy of the fast radio burst FRB 150418. Methods. We observed WISE J0716-19 at 5.0 GHz with the European VLBI Network (EVN) four times between 2016 March 16 and June 2. At three epochs, we simultaneously observed the source with e-MERLIN at the same frequency. Results. We detected a compact source in the EVN data in each epoch with a significance of up to similar to 8 sigma. The four epochs yielded consistent results within their uncertainties for the peak surface intensity and positions. The mean values for these quantities are I-peak = (115 +/- 9) mu Jy beam(-1) and RA = 07(h)16(m)34.55496(7)(s), Dec = -19 degrees 00'39.4754(8)''. The e-MERLIN data provided similar to 3-5 sigma detections at a position consistent with those of the EVN data. The emission on angular scales intermediate between the EVN and e-MERLIN is consistent with being null. The brightness temperature of the EVN core is T-b greater than or similar to 10(8.5) K, close to the value previously required to explain the short-term radio variability properties of WISE J0716-19 in terms of interstellar scintillation. Conclusions. Our observations provide direct and independent evidence of a nuclear compact source in WISE J0716-19, a physical scenario without evident connection with FRB 150418. However, the EVN data do not indicate the variability observed with the VLA. C1 [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Marcote, B.; Paragi, Z.] Joint Inst VLBI ERIC, Postbus 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Garrett, M. A.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron ASTRON, Postbus 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Yang, J.] Chalmers Univ Techn, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Onsala Space Observ, S-43992 Onsala, Sweden. [Hada, K.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mizusawa VLBI Observ, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Muxlow, T. W. B.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys E MERLIN, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Cheung, C. C.] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Giroletti, M (reprint author), INAF Ist Radioastron, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. EM giroletti@ira.inaf.it OI Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852 NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 593 AR L16 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201629172 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4HU UT WOS:000385820100152 ER PT J AU McDowell, ML Kruse, FA AF McDowell, Meryl L. Kruse, Fred A. TI Enhanced Compositional Mapping through Integrated Full-Range Spectral Analysis SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE near infrared; shortwave infrared; longwave infrared; thermal infrared; multi-sensor; fusion; data integration; hyperspectral; classification; remote sensing ID MULTISPECTRAL THERMAL IMAGERY; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; INFRARED IMAGES; MOUNTAIN PASS; NEVADA; SWIR; CLASSIFICATION; MINERALS; LWIR; CALIFORNIA AB We developed a method to enhance compositional mapping from spectral remote sensing through the integration of visible to near infrared (VNIR, similar to 0.4-1 mu m), shortwave infrared (SWIR, similar to 1-2.5 mu m), and longwave infrared (LWIR, similar to 8-13 mu m) data. Spectral information from the individual ranges was first analyzed independently and then the resulting compositional information in the form of image endmembers and apparent abundances was integrated using ISODATA cluster analysis. Independent VNIR, SWIR, and LWIR analyses of a study area near Mountain Pass, California identified image endmembers representing vegetation, manmade materials (e.g., metal, plastic), specific minerals (e.g., calcite, dolomite, hematite, muscovite, gypsum), and general lithology (e.g., sulfate-bearing, carbonate-bearing, and silica-rich units). Integration of these endmembers and their abundances produced a final full-range classification map incorporating much of the variation from all three spectral ranges. The integrated map and its 54 classes provide additional compositional information that is not evident in the VNIR, SWIR, or LWIR data alone, which allows for more complete and accurate compositional mapping. A supplemental examination of hyperspectral LWIR data and comparison with the multispectral LWIR data used in the integration illustrates its potential to further improve this approach. C1 [McDowell, Meryl L.] SAIC, 12010 Sunset Hills Rd, Reston, VA 20190 USA. [McDowell, Meryl L.; Kruse, Fred A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Ctr Remote Sensing, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Kruse, Fred A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP McDowell, ML (reprint author), SAIC, 12010 Sunset Hills Rd, Reston, VA 20190 USA.; McDowell, ML (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Ctr Remote Sensing, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM Meryl.L.McDowell@saic.com; kruse@hgimaging.com FU Aerospace Corporation's Independent Research and Development program FX We are very thankful to J. Mars from the U.S. Geological Survey for including us in his field work near Mountain Pass and providing spectral ground truth measurements. We are also grateful to S. Adler-Golden of Spectral Sciences Inc., Burlington, MA, USA, and P. Conforti, now at The Aerospace Corporation, for their help and guidance with the FLAASH-IR procedure. Mako imagery was acquired under the auspices of The Aerospace Corporation's Independent Research and Development program. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 8 IS 9 AR 757 DI 10.3390/rs8090757 PG 35 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA DY9XB UT WOS:000385488000067 ER PT J AU Fine, B Gaglione, AM Rosenberger, G Spellman, D AF Fine, Ben Gaglione, Anthony M. Rosenberger, Gerhard Spellman, Dennis TI On CT and CSA groups and related ideas SO JOURNAL OF GROUP THEORY LA English DT Article ID DIOPHANTINE GEOMETRY AB A group is G commutative transitive or CT if commuting is transitive on non-trivial elements. A group G is CSA or conjugately separated abelian if maximal abelian subgroups are malnormal. These concepts have played a prominent role in the studies of fully residually free groups, limit groups and discriminating groups. They also play a role in the solution to the Tarski problems. CSA always implies CT however the class of CSA groups is a proper subclass of the class of CT groups. For limit groups and finitely generated elementary free groups they are equivalent. In this paper we examine the relationship between the two concepts. In particular, we show that a finite CSA group must be abelian. If G is CT, then we prove that G is not CSA if and only if G contains a nonabelian subgroup G 0 which contains a nontrivial abelian subgroup H that is normal in G(0). For K a field the group PSL (2, K) is never CSA but is CT if char(K) = 2 and for fields K of characteristic 0 where -1 is not a sum of two squares in K. For characteristic p, for an odd prime p, PSL (2, K) is never CT. Infinite CT groups G with a composition series and having no nontrivial normal abelian subgroup must be monolithic with monolith a simple nonabelian CT group. Further if a group G is monolithic with monolith N isomorphic to PSL(2, K) for a field K of characteristic 2 and G is CT, then G congruent to N. C1 [Fine, Ben] Fairfield Univ, Dept Math, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Gaglione, Anthony M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Rosenberger, Gerhard] Univ Hamburg, Fachbereich Math, Bundesstr 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. [Spellman, Dennis] 5147 Whitaker Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19124 USA. RP Fine, B (reprint author), Fairfield Univ, Dept Math, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. EM ben1902@aol.com; agaglione@aol.com; gerhard.rosenberger@math.uni-hamburg.de NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1433-5883 EI 1435-4446 J9 J GROUP THEORY JI J. Group Theory PD SEP PY 2016 VL 19 IS 5 BP 923 EP 940 DI 10.1515/jgth-2016-0005 PG 18 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA EB2RV UT WOS:000387210600009 ER PT J AU Harwood, JF Helmey, WL Turnwall, BB Justice, KD Farooq, M Richardson, AG AF Harwood, James F. Helmey, Wendy L. Turnwall, Brent B. Justice, Kevin D. Farooq, Muhammed Richardson, Alec G. TI CONTROLLING AEDES AEGYPTI IN CRYPTIC ENVIRONMENTS WITH MANUALLY CARRIED ULTRA-LOW VOLUME AND MIST BLOWER PESTICIDE APPLICATIONS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Adult mosquito control; cold fogger; indoor space spray; larviciding; thermal fogger; ultra-low volume ID ADULTICIDE EFFICACY; DENGUE; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; VECTOR; INSECTICIDE; BEHAVIOR; MOSQUITO; CITY AB Because Aedes aegypti, a vector of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses, exhibits resting and reproductive behaviors that present challenges to control them, pesticide application equipment available for vector control must be evaluated for their ability to control this species in a variety of cryptic environments. Five types of pesticide sprayers, representing 3 spray technologies (1 mister, 2 ultra-low volume [ULV] cold foggers, and 2 ULV thermal foggers), were evaluated for their ability to control adult and immature stages of Ae. aegypti in indoor and outdoor environments. Cages holding adult mosquitoes and larvae were placed in cryptic sites for indoor sprays and placed among dense vegetation for outdoor sprays. Adult and pupal mortality data were recorded following applications of a mixture of synergized pyrethrins and pyriproxyfen. We found that no single sprayer was best suited for controlling Ae. aegypti in indoor and outdoor environments, nor was one best for controlling adult and immature mosquitoes. Sprayers producing larger droplets (misters and cold foggers) were more effective in controlling immature mosquitoes indoors and outdoors. Thermal fogging was more effective in controlling adults indoors, whereas cold fogs and misters were more effective for outdoor control. C1 [Harwood, James F.; Helmey, Wendy L.; Turnwall, Brent B.; Justice, Kevin D.; Farooq, Muhammed; Richardson, Alec G.] Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Box 43,Bldg 937,Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. RP Harwood, JF (reprint author), Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Box 43,Bldg 937,Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection research program (DWFP) FX We thank J. Kerce, C. Clark, D. Spatola, S. Solache, and L. Santana for technical assistance during field trials and J. Cilek and H. Arimoto for additional editorial remarks on previous editions of the manuscript. This research was funded by the Deployed War-Fighter Protection research program (DWFP). The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the US Government. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 32 IS 3 BP 217 EP 223 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA EB6YC UT WOS:000387530500006 PM 27802406 ER PT J AU Geder, JD AF Geder, Jason D. TI Bioinspiration for Marine Technologies SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Geder, Jason D.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Geder, JD (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI COLUMBIA PA 5565 STERRETT PLACE, STE 108, COLUMBIA, MD 21044 USA SN 0025-3324 EI 1948-1209 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2016 VL 50 IS 5 BP 3 EP 4 PG 2 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA EA3XR UT WOS:000386543100001 ER PT J AU Sparrow, R Lucas, G AF Sparrow, Robert Lucas, George TI WHEN ROBOTS RULE THE WAVES? SO NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW LA English DT Article ID AUTONOMOUS WEAPON SYSTEMS C1 [Sparrow, Robert] Monash Univ, Philosophy Program, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Sparrow, Robert] Australian Res Council, Ctr Excellence Electromat Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Lucas, George] US Naval Acad, Washington, DC USA. [Lucas, George] Naval Postgrad School, Washington, DC USA. RP Sparrow, R (reprint author), Monash Univ, Philosophy Program, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.; Sparrow, R (reprint author), Australian Res Council, Ctr Excellence Electromat Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US NAVAL WAR COLL PI NEWPORT PA 686 CUSHING RD, NEWPORT, RI 02841 USA SN 0028-1484 J9 NAV WAR COLL REV JI Nav. War Coll. Rev. PD FAL PY 2016 VL 69 IS 4 BP 49 EP 78 PG 30 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA EA5TJ UT WOS:000386686100006 ER PT J AU Lenart, MJ Carness, JM AF Lenart, Mark J. Carness, Jeffrey M. TI Cerebrospinal Fluid-Cutaneous Fistula After Continuous Spinal Catheter in an Obstetric Patient SO A & A CASE REPORTS LA English DT Article ID EPIDURAL BLOOD PATCH; ACCIDENTAL DURAL PUNCTURE; BETA-TRACE PROTEIN; SUBARACHNOID DRAINAGE; UNUSUAL COMPLICATION; TUOHY NEEDLE; ANALGESIA; ANESTHESIA; LABOR; LEAK AB A 23-year-old woman at 41 weeks and 6 days estimated gestational age underwent continuous spinal analgesia for labor after a recognized, unintended dural puncture. Excellent analgesia was maintained throughout labor and vaginal delivery, the intrathecal catheter was left in situ for 24 hours postpartum, and the catheter was subsequently removed without apparent complication. On physical examination during her anesthesia postoperative visit, clear fluid was noted to be slowly draining from the catheter insertion site. Although she denied all symptoms associated with a dural puncture, including headache, a cerebrospinal fluid-cutaneous fistula was diagnosed. An epidural blood patch was placed, which terminated the cerebrospinal fluid leak. No long-term complications were evident. Subsequent literature review revealed a rare incidence of this type of complication and varied recommendations for intervention and optimal management. We review the literature with regard to this complication and offer discussion regarding the various suggested means of diagnosis and therapy. C1 [Lenart, Mark J.; Carness, Jeffrey M.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Anesthesiol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Lenart, MJ (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Anesthesiol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM mark.j.lenart.mil@mail.mil NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 2325-7237 J9 A A CASE REP JI A A Case Rep. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 7 IS 5 BP 103 EP 107 DI 10.1213/XAA.0000000000000356 PG 5 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA DZ1SY UT WOS:000385621600002 PM 27580408 ER PT J AU Tang, WW Shiffler, DA Harris, JR Jensen, KL Golby, K LaCour, M Knowles, T AF Tang, Wilkin W. Shiffler, Donald A. Harris, John R. Jensen, Kevin L. Golby, Ken LaCour, Matthew Knowles, Tim TI Field emission characteristics of a small number of carbon fiber emitters SO AIP ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID ARRAYS; DISPLAY AB This paper reports an experiment that studies the emission characteristics of small number of field emitters. The experiment consists of nine carbon fibers in a square configuration. Experimental results show that the emission characteristics depend strongly on the separation between each emitter, providing evidence of the electric field screening effects. Our results indicate that as the separation between the emitters decreases, the emission current for a given voltage also decreases. The authors compare the experimental results to four carbon fiber emitters in a linear and square configurations as well as to two carbon fiber emitters in a paired array. Voltage-current traces show that the turn-on voltage is always larger for the nine carbon fiber emitters as compared to the two and four emitters in linear configurations, and approximately identical to the four emitters in a square configuration. The observations and analysis reported here, based on Fowler-Nordheim field emission theory, suggest the electric field screening effect depends critically on the number of emitters, the separation between them, and their overall geometric configuration. (C) 2016 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). C1 [Tang, Wilkin W.; Shiffler, Donald A.; Harris, John R.] Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. [Jensen, Kevin L.] Naval Res Lab, Code 6364, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Golby, Ken; LaCour, Matthew] Leidos Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. [Knowles, Tim] Energy Sci Labs Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Tang, WW (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680 FU LRIR from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX This work was supported by an LRIR from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2158-3226 J9 AIP ADV JI AIP Adv. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 6 IS 9 AR 095007 DI 10.1063/1.4962921 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DZ2LW UT WOS:000385674300007 ER PT J AU Abrams, DM Pecora, LM Motter, AE AF Abrams, Daniel M. Pecora, Louis M. Motter, Adilson E. TI Introduction to focus issue: Patterns of network synchronization SO CHAOS LA English DT Article ID COUPLED-OSCILLATOR-SYSTEMS; COMPLEX NETWORKS; NONLINEAR OSCILLATORS; DYNAMICAL-SYSTEMS; STABILITY THEORY; KURAMOTO; MODEL; POPULATIONS; TRANSITIONS; LATTICES AB The study of synchronization of coupled systems is currently undergoing a major surge fueled by recent discoveries of new forms of collective dynamics and the development of techniques to characterize a myriad of new patterns of network synchronization. This includes chimera states, phenomena determined by symmetry, remote synchronization, and asymmetry-induced synchronization. This Focus Issue presents a selection of contributions at the forefront of these developments, to which this introduction is intended to offer an up-to-date foundation. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Abrams, Daniel M.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Appl Math, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Abrams, Daniel M.; Motter, Adilson E.] Northwestern Univ, Northwestern Inst Complex Syst NICO, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Pecora, Louis M.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Motter, Adilson E.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Abrams, DM (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Appl Math, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.; Abrams, DM (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Northwestern Inst Complex Syst NICO, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. OI Pecora, Louis/0000-0003-3075-0913 NR 81 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 EI 1089-7682 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD SEP PY 2016 VL 26 IS 9 AR 094601 DI 10.1063/1.4962970 PG 6 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA DZ0VH UT WOS:000385557300021 PM 27781481 ER PT J AU Sorrentino, F Pecora, L AF Sorrentino, Francesco Pecora, Louis TI Approximate cluster synchronization in networks with symmetries and parameter mismatches SO CHAOS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICAL-SYSTEMS AB We study cluster synchronization in networks with symmetries in the presence of small generic parametric mismatches of two different types: mismatches affecting the dynamics of the individual uncoupled systems and mismatches affecting the network couplings. We perform a stability analysis of the nearly synchronous cluster synchronization solution and reduce the stability problem to a low-dimensional form. We also show how under certain conditions the low dimensional analysis can be used to predict the overall synchronization error, i.e., how close the individual nearly synchronous trajectories are to each other. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Sorrentino, Francesco] Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Pecora, Louis] US Naval Res Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sorrentino, F (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. OI Pecora, Louis/0000-0003-3075-0913 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 EI 1089-7682 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD SEP PY 2016 VL 26 IS 9 AR 094823 DI 10.1063/1.4961967 PG 7 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA DZ0VH UT WOS:000385557300044 PM 27781443 ER PT J AU Chervin, CN DeSario, PA Parker, JF Nelson, ES Miller, BW Rolison, DR Long, JW AF Chervin, Christopher N. DeSario, Paul A. Parker, Joseph F. Nelson, Eric S. Miller, Bryan W. Rolison, Debra R. Long, Jeffrey W. TI Aerogel Architectures Boost Oxygen-Evolution Performance of NiFe(2)Ox Spinels to Activity Levels Commensurate with Nickel-Rich Oxides SO CHEMELECTROCHEM LA English DT Article DE gels; battery technology; ferrite; spinel phases; water splitting ID WATER OXIDATION; AIR BATTERIES; THIN-FILMS; IRON; METAL; ELECTROCATALYSTS; ELECTRODES; REDUCTION; CATALYSIS; COBALT AB Nickel-iron oxides and oxyhydroxides are among the most active oxygen-evolution reaction (OER) catalysts in alkaline electrolytes. Compositions rich in Ni are reported to show superior activity, but the establishment of competitive OER activity with lower cost, Fe-rich analogues is more desirable for metal-air batteries and other devices that will see large-scale production. Herein, we demonstrate that by controlling pore-solid architecture and the degree of crystallinity, we achieve a single-phase, Fe-rich NiFe(2)Ox catalyst that matches the OER performance metrics previously demonstrated for compositions with higher Ni-to-Fe ratios. We also show that OER activity linearly tracks increases in the catalyst surface area, whereas the degree of exsitu surface hydroxylation does not play a significant role. To prepare the pore-solid structured forms, NiFe(2)Ox gels were synthesized by using an epoxide-initiated sol-gel method and subsequently processed to aerogels or xerogels. The activities of these two sol-gel-derived nanostructures were compared with a nanoparticulate analogue with lower specific surface area, prepared by using conventional precipitation methods. The higher surface area and larger pore volume expressed by the NiFe(2)Ox formed as an aerogel result in a performance-competitive OER overpotential of 356mV at a current density of 10mAcm(-2), with an approximately 140mV improvement relative to the low-surface-area, precipitated analogue. C1 [Chervin, Christopher N.; DeSario, Paul A.; Parker, Joseph F.; Nelson, Eric S.; Miller, Bryan W.; Rolison, Debra R.; Long, Jeffrey W.] US Naval Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch Code 6170, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chervin, CN; Long, JW (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch Code 6170, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM christopher.chervin@nrl.navy.mil; jeffrey.long@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. B.W.M. and E.S.N. were Pathways undergraduate science aides at the NRL. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 22 U2 22 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 2196-0216 J9 CHEMELECTROCHEM JI ChemElectroChem PD SEP PY 2016 VL 3 IS 9 BP 1369 EP 1375 DI 10.1002/celc.201600206 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA DW4OS UT WOS:000383623400012 ER PT J AU D'Ammando, F Orienti, M Finke, J Larsson, J Giroletti, M Raiteri, CM AF D'Ammando, Filippo Orienti, Monica Finke, Justin Larsson, Josefin Giroletti, Marcello Raiteri, Claudia M. TI A Panchromatic View of Relativistic Jets in Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies SO GALAXIES LA English DT Article DE galaxies: nuclei; galaxies: jets; galaxies: Seyfert; gamma-rays: general ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; HOLE MASS ESTIMATE; BLACK-HOLE; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; PMN J0948+0022; FERMI-LAT; VLBA OBSERVATIONS; DETECTED BLAZARS AB The discovery by the Large Area Telescope on board Fermi of variable -ray emission from radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLSy1) galaxies revealed the presence of a possible third class of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) with relativistic jets in addition to blazars and radio galaxies. Considering that NLSy1 are usually hosted in spiral galaxies, this finding poses intriguing questions about the nature of these objects and the formation of relativistic jets. We report on a systematic investigation of the -ray properties of a sample of radio-loud NLSy1, including the detection of new objects, using 7 years of Fermi-LAT data with the new Pass 8 event-level analysis. In addition we discuss the radio-to-very-high-energy properties of the -ray emitting NLSy1, their host galaxy, and black hole mass in the context of the blazar scenario and the unification of relativistic jets at different scales. C1 [D'Ammando, Filippo] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Viale Berti Pichat 6-2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, Filippo; Orienti, Monica; Giroletti, Marcello] INAF Ist Radioastron, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Finke, Justin] US Naval Res Lab, Code 7653,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Larsson, Josefin] KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Larsson, Josefin] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Raiteri, Claudia M.] Osserv Astron Torino, INAF, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, TO, Italy. RP D'Ammando, F (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Viale Berti Pichat 6-2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.; D'Ammando, F (reprint author), INAF Ist Radioastron, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. EM dammando@ira.inaf.it; orienti@ira.inaf.it; justin.finke@nrl.navy.mil; josla@kth.se; giroletti@ira.inaf.it; raiteri@oato.inaf.it OI /0000-0003-0065-2933 NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2075-4434 J9 GALAXIES JI Galaxies PD SEP PY 2016 VL 4 IS 3 AR 11 DI 10.3390/galaxies4030011 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DY9UM UT WOS:000385480600004 ER PT J AU Orienti, M D'Ammando, F Giroletti, M Finke, J Dallacasa, D AF Orienti, Monica D'Ammando, Filippo Giroletti, Marcello Finke, Justin Dallacasa, Daniele TI Flaring gamma-Ray Emission from High Redshift Blazars SO GALAXIES LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; gamma-rays: general; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal AB High redshift blazars are among the most powerful objects in the Universe. Although they represent a significant fraction of the extragalactic hard X-ray sky, they are not commonly detected in gamma-rays. High redshift (z > 2) objects represent < 10 per cent of the active galactic nuclei (AGN) population observed by Fermi so far, and gamma-ray flaring activity from these sources is even more uncommon. The characterization of the radio-to-gamma-ray properties of high redshift blazars represents a powerful tool for the study of the energetics of such extreme objects and the Extragalactic Background Light. This contribution will present results of multi-band campaigns, from radio to gamma-rays, on PKS 0836 + 710, PKS 2149 306, and TXS 0536 + 145. The latter is the highest redshift detection of a flaring gamma-ray blazar so far. At the peaks of their respective flares these sources reached an apparent isotropic gamma-ray luminosity of about 10(50) erg.s(-1), which is comparable with the luminosity observed from the most powerful blazars. The physical properties derived from the multi-wavelength observations of these sources are then compared with those shown by the high redshift population. C1 [Orienti, Monica; D'Ammando, Filippo; Giroletti, Marcello; Dallacasa, Daniele] INAF, Ist Radioastron, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, Filippo; Dallacasa, Daniele] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Viale Berti Pichat 6-2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Finke, Justin] US Naval Res Lab, Code 7653,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Orienti, M (reprint author), INAF, Ist Radioastron, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. EM orienti@ira.inaf.it; dammando@ira.inaf.it; giroletti@ira.inaf.it; justin.finke@nrl.navy.mil; ddallaca@ira.inaf.it NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2075-4434 J9 GALAXIES JI Galaxies PD SEP PY 2016 VL 4 IS 3 AR 26 DI 10.3390/galaxies4030026 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DY9UM UT WOS:000385480600019 ER PT J AU Krall, J Huba, JD AF Krall, J. Huba, J. D. TI The plasmasphere electron content paradox SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE plasmasphere; refilling; thermosphere; exosphere; ionosphere ID MODEL; MAGNETOSPHERE; THERMOSPHERE; PLASMAPAUSE; SATELLITE; DYNAMICS; PROTON; WINDS; KNEE AB Measurements show that plasmasphere refilling rates decrease with increasing solar activity, while paradoxically, the vertical integration of the plasmasphere electron density (pTEC) increases with increasing solar activity. Using the Naval Research Laboratory SAMI2 (Sami2 is Another Model of the Ionosphere) and SAMI3 (Sami3 is Also a Model of the Ionosphere) codes, we simulate plasmasphere refilling following a model storm, reproducing this observed phenomenon. In doing so, we find that the refilling rate and resulting pTEC values are sensitive to the oxygen profile in the thermosphere and exosphere: the supply of H+ in the topside ionosphere is limited by the local O+ density, through H+O+H++O charge exchange. At solar minimum, the O+ supply simply increases with the O density in the exosphere. At solar maximum, we find that O-O+ collisions limit the O+ density in the topside ionosphere such that it decreases with increasing O density. The paradox occurs because the pTEC metric gives electrons in the topside ionosphere more weight than electrons in the plasmasphere. C1 [Krall, J.; Huba, J. D.] Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Krall, J (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jonathan.krall@nrl.navy.mil FU NRL Base Funds; NASA HSR Program [NNH14AX49I] FX This research was supported by NRL Base Funds and the NASA HSR Program, grant NNH14AX49I. We thank Joel Fedder of Icarus Research, John Emmert of NRL, and Han-Byul Lee of the Korea Polar Research Institute for helpful discussions. The data and models can be obtained from the following sources: SAMI2 and SAMI3 electron densities and TEC are numerical information provided in figures; these are produced by solving the SAMI3 equations [Krall et al., 2016; Huba and Krall, 2013; Huba et al., 2000]. Numerical information associated with these figures can be obtained by contacting J.K. SAMI2 is an open source program; the specific version used here can be obtained by contacting J.K. The HWM93 and HWM14 models are available from Drob et al. [2015]. The NRLMSISE-00 model is available from Emmert et al. [2014]. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 121 IS 9 BP 8924 EP 8935 DI 10.1002/2016JA023008 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4QM UT WOS:000385844000049 ER PT J AU Stephan, AW AF Stephan, Andrew W. TI Advances in remote sensing of the daytime ionosphere with EUV airglow SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ionosphere; remote sensing; ultraviolet; airglow; algorithm ID DISCRETE INVERSE-THEORY; SINGLY-IONIZED OXYGEN; SOLAR EUV; DAYGLOW; O+; MODEL; EXCITATION; RADIATION; SPECTRUM AB This paper summarizes recent progress in developing a method for characterizing the daytime ionosphere from limb profile measurements of the OII 83.4nm emission. This extreme ultraviolet emission is created by solar photoionization of atomic oxygen in the lower thermosphere and is resonantly scattered by O+ in the ionosphere. The brightness and shape of the measured altitude profile thus depend on both the photoionization source in the lower thermosphere and the ionospheric densities that determine the resonant scattering contribution. This technique has greatly matured over the past decade due to measurements by the series of Naval Research Laboratory Special Sensor Ultraviolet Limb Imager (SSULI) instruments flown on Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) missions and the Remote Atmospheric and Ionospheric Detection System (RAIDS) on the International Space Station. The volume of data from these missions has enabled a better approach to handling specific biases and uncertainties in both the measurement and retrieval process that affect the accuracy of the result. This paper identifies the key measurement and data quality factors that will enable the continued evolution of this technique into an advanced method for characterization of the daytime ionosphere. C1 [Stephan, Andrew W.] Naval Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Stephan, AW (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM andrew.stephan@nrl.navy.mil FU Chief of Naval Research; Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program; NASA Explorer Program [NNG12FA45C, NNG12FA42I] FX This work has been supported by the Chief of Naval Research, the Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program, and the NASA Explorer Program contracts NNG12FA45C and NNG12FA42I. The author is grateful for discussions and input from Mike Picone, Bob Meier, Ken Dymond, Clayton Coker, Sarah McDonald, and Scott Budzien in the development of this work. Ionosonde data were obtained from the Space Physics Interactive Data Resource (SPIDR) at http://spidr.ngdc.noaa.gov/spidr. Specific data and results generated at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) may be obtained from the author by contacting the NRL Public Affairs Office. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 121 IS 9 BP 9284 EP 9292 DI 10.1002/2016JA022629 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4QM UT WOS:000385844000074 ER PT J AU Kang, W Beniam, I Qidwai, SM AF Kang, Wonmo Beniam, Iyoel Qidwai, Siddiq M. TI In situ electron microscopy studies of electromechanical behavior in metals at the nanoscale using a novel microdevice-based system SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID MATERIAL-TESTING-SYSTEM; MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; UNIAXIAL TESTS; DEFORMATION; CERAMICS; 4.2K; LEAD AB Electrically assisted deformation (EAD) is an emerging technique to enhance formability of metals by applying an electric current through them. Despite its increasing importance in manufacturing applications, there is still an unresolved debate on the nature of the fundamental deformation mechanisms underlying EAD, mainly between electroplasticity (non-thermal effects) and resistive heating (thermal effects). This status is due to two critical challenges: (1) a lack of experimental techniques to directly observe fundamental mechanisms of material deformation during EAD, and (2) intrinsic coupling between electric current and Joule heating giving rise to unwanted thermally activated mechanisms. To overcome these challenges, we have developed a microdevice-based electromechanical testing system (MEMTS) to characterize nanoscale metal specimens in transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Our studies reveal that MEMTS eliminates the effect of Joule heating on material deformation, a critical advantage over macroscopic experiments, owing to its unique scale. For example, a negligible change in temperature (<0.02 degrees C) is predicted at similar to 3500 A/mm(2). Utilizing the attractive features of MEMTS, we have directly investigated potential electron-dislocation interactions in single crystal copper (SCC) specimens that are simultaneously subjected to uniaxial loading and electric current density up to 5000 A/mm(2). Our in situ TEM studies indicate that for SCC, electroplasticity does not play a key role as no differences in dislocation activities, such as depinning and movement, are observed. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Kang, Wonmo; Beniam, Iyoel; Qidwai, Siddiq M.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kang, Wonmo] Leidos Corp, Arlington, VA 22204 USA. RP Kang, W (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Kang, W (reprint author), Leidos Corp, Arlington, VA 22204 USA. EM wonmo.kang.ctr.ks@nrl.navy.mil OI Qidwai, Siddiq/0000-0002-2389-118X FU ASEE-NRL fellowship; Office of Naval Research (ONR) through US Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program FX During this project, W.K. was supported by the ASEE-NRL fellowship. The authors thank C. Pande, J. Feng, and R. Goswami at NRL for their help and suggestions on TEM experiments. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the US Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 87 IS 9 AR 095001 DI 10.1063/1.4961663 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA DZ1XF UT WOS:000385634500059 PM 27782569 ER PT J AU Wueger, D AF Wueger, Diana TI India's Nuclear-Armed Submarines: Deterrence or Danger? SO WASHINGTON QUARTERLY LA English DT Article ID PAKISTAN C1 [Wueger, Diana] Naval Postgrad Sch, Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Wueger, D (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0163-660X EI 1530-9177 J9 WASH QUART JI Wash. Q. PD FAL PY 2016 VL 39 IS 3 BP 77 EP 90 DI 10.1080/0163660X.2016.1232636 PG 14 WC International Relations; Law SC International Relations; Government & Law GA DZ4NU UT WOS:000385836200004 ER PT J AU Smith, RK Montgomery, MT AF Smith, Roger K. Montgomery, Michael T. TI Understanding hurricanes SO WEATHER LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL CYCLONES; LAYER; CYCLOGENESIS; EVOLUTION; SHEAR; MODEL C1 [Smith, Roger K.] Univ Munich, Meteorol Inst, Munich, Germany. [Montgomery, Michael T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. RP Smith, RK (reprint author), Univ Munich, Meteorol Inst, Munich, Germany. EM rogerksmith@online.de FU German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) [SM30/23-3, SM30/23-4]; Office of Naval Research Global [N62909-15-1-N021]; NSF [AGS-1313948]; NOAA HFIP [N0017315WR00048]; NASA [NNG11PK021]; United States Naval Postgraduate School FX We thank Gerard Kilroy and John Persing for their comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. RKS acknowledges financial support for tropical cyclone research from the German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) under Grant numbers SM30/23-3 and SM30/23-4, and the Office of Naval Research Global under Grant number N62909-15-1-N021. MTM acknowledges the support of NSF grant AGS-1313948, NOAA HFIP grant N0017315WR00048, NASA grant NNG11PK021 and the United States Naval Postgraduate School. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0043-1656 EI 1477-8696 J9 WEATHER JI Weather PD SEP PY 2016 VL 71 IS 9 BP 219 EP 223 DI 10.1002/wea.2776 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DW4ZF UT WOS:000383650800009 ER PT J AU Ottino, J Ricca, R AF Ottino, Jennifer Ricca, Robert TI Paratubal Cyst Torsion with Compromise of the Fallopian Tube in an Adolescent Girl SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Ottino, Jennifer; Ricca, Robert] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Pediat Gen & Thorac Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Ottino, J (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Pediat Gen & Thorac Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM jenniferottino@gmail.com NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI CUMMING PA 115 SAMARITAN DR, #200, CUMMING, GA 30040-2354 USA SN 0003-1348 EI 1555-9823 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 82 IS 9 BP 777 EP 778 PG 2 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA DY3II UT WOS:000384984300032 PM 27670559 ER PT J AU Held, JM Restrepo, R Ricca, R AF Held, Jenny M. Restrepo, Ryan Ricca, Robert TI Chylous Ascites in a Neonate with Hydrops Fetalis SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Editorial Material ID MANAGEMENT C1 [Held, Jenny M.; Restrepo, Ryan; Ricca, Robert] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Pediat Gen & Thorac Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Held, JM (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Pediat Gen & Thorac Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM jenny.m.held@gmail.com NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI CUMMING PA 115 SAMARITAN DR, #200, CUMMING, GA 30040-2354 USA SN 0003-1348 EI 1555-9823 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 82 IS 9 BP 783 EP 784 PG 2 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA DY3II UT WOS:000384984300035 PM 27670562 ER PT J AU Ita, EE Kubeka, AS AF Ita, Eyo Eyo, III Kubeka, Amos S. TI Symplectic Structure of Intrinsic Time Gravity SO UNIVERSE LA English DT Article DE intrinsic time; quantum gravity; canonical; quantization; symmetry AB The Poisson structure of intrinsic time gravity is analysed. With the starting point comprising a unimodular three-metric with traceless momentum, a trace-induced anomaly results upon quantization. This leads to a revision of the choice of momentum variable to the (mixed index) traceless momentric. This latter choice unitarily implements the fundamental commutation relations, which now take on the form of an affine algebra with SU(3) Lie algebra amongst the momentric variables. The resulting relations unitarily implement tracelessness upon quantization. The associated Poisson brackets and Hamiltonian dynamics are studied. C1 [Ita, Eyo Eyo, III] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. [Kubeka, Amos S.] Univ South Africa, Dept Math Sci, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. RP Ita, EE (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. EM ita@usna.edu; kubekas@unisa.ac.za NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2218-1997 J9 UNIVERSE JI Universe PD SEP PY 2016 VL 2 IS 3 AR UNSP 18 DI 10.3390/universe2030018 PG 10 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA DY2PT UT WOS:000384935200005 ER PT J AU Jordan, PM Kaltenbacher, B AF Jordan, Pedro M. Kaltenbacher, Barbara TI INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL VOLUME "MATHEMATICS OF NONLINEAR ACOUSTICS: NEW APPROACHES IN ANALYSIS AND MODELING" SO EVOLUTION EQUATIONS AND CONTROL THEORY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Jordan, Pedro M.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kaltenbacher, Barbara] Alpen Adria Univ Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria. RP Jordan, PM (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM pjordan@nrlssc.navy.mil; barbara.kaltenbacher@aau.at NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES-AIMS PI SPRINGFIELD PA PO BOX 2604, SPRINGFIELD, MO 65801-2604 USA SN 2163-2480 J9 EVOL EQU CONTROL THE JI Evol. Equ. Control Theory PD SEP PY 2016 VL 5 IS 3 BP I EP II DI 10.3934/eect.201603i PG 2 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA DX9XR UT WOS:000384750800001 ER PT J AU Hong, SH Sullivan, R AF Hong, Sung Hyo Sullivan, Ryan TI THE EFFECTS OF SUBSIDIES FOR CHILDBEARING ON MIGRATION AND FERTILITY: EVIDENCE FROM KOREA SO SINGAPORE ECONOMIC REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Fertility; migration; subsidy; difference-in-differences ID CHILD FAMILY POLICY; CARE; DECISIONS; COSTS AB This study examines the effects of a fertility subsidy that was instituted in specific regions in Korea in 2004. The value of the subsidy ranged from $ 4000 to $ 9000 (2004 US$) depending on the area of residence. Using a difference-in-differences estimation strategy, we measure the effects of the policy on childbearing and migration in and out of the subsidized areas. Our estimates for migration suggest that the policy significantly increased the net inflow of females into the subsidized areas. This effect is driven roughly equally by a decrease in the outflow from and an increase into the subsidized areas. Our estimated effects on fertility are in line with previous results from the literature; we find that a $ 1000 increase in fertility subsidies leads to a 0.108% increase in the chance of bearing a child for all age groups (21 to 45). Our results show that the policy increased total births in 2005 by 11,000 and that the vast majority of this increase was from the 21 to 33 cohort. C1 [Hong, Sung Hyo] Kongju Natl Univ, Div Econ & Trade, 56 Gongjudaehak Ro, Kong Ju 314701, Chungnam, South Korea. [Sullivan, Ryan] US Navy, Postgrad Sch, 287 Halligan Hall Monterey, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Sullivan, R (reprint author), US Navy, Postgrad Sch, 287 Halligan Hall Monterey, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM sunghyohong@hotmail.com; rssulliv@nps.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-5908 EI 1793-6837 J9 SINGAP ECON REV JI Singap. Econ. Rev. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 61 IS 4 AR 1550040 DI 10.1142/S021759081550040X PG 16 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA DX8VG UT WOS:000384667700003 ER PT J AU Prak, DJL Prak, PJL Trulove, PC Cowart, JS AF Prak, Dianne J. Luning Prak, Peter J. Luning Trulove, Paul C. Cowart, Jim S. TI Formulation of Surrogate Fuel Mixtures Based on Physical and Chemical Analysis of Hydrodepolymerized Cellulosic Diesel Fuel SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID COMPRESSION IGNITION COMBUSTION; JET FUEL; THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; KINETIC-MODEL; PHYSICOCHEMICAL AUTHENTICITY; SURFACE-TENSION; BINARY-MIXTURES; AVIATION FUEL; BULK MODULUS; FLASH-POINT AB Surrogate fuel mixtures for a hydrodepolymerized cellulosic diesel (HDCD) fuel were formulated based on HDCD's physical properties and chemical composition. HDCD was found to contain alicylic, cyclic, and aromatic compounds. Surrogate mixtures composed of trans-decahydronaphthalene (trans-decalin) and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (tetralin) matched HDCD's speed of sound, density, and bulk modulus. Diesel engine experiments were conducted on mixtures containing petroleum diesel fuel (60 and 80% volume fraction) mixed with HDCD, tetralin, trans-decalin, or a mixture with 0.42 mass fraction of tetralin in trans-decalin. At both volume fractions, the start-up performance of the two-component surrogate/petroleum fuel mixtures matched that of HDCD/petroleum mixtures. The trans-decalin/petroleum fuel mixtures started faster while the tetralin/petroleum fuel mixtures started more slowly than those containing HDCD. These results show that speed of sound, density, and bulk modulus can be used as metrics to design surrogate fuel mixtures that match fuel start-up performance in diesel engines. C1 [Prak, Dianne J. Luning; Trulove, Paul C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, 572 M Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Prak, Peter J. Luning; Cowart, Jim S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Prak, DJL (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, 572 M Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM prak@usna.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N0001415WX01853]; NAVAIR FX We thank Office of Naval Research's NEPTUNE Project under the direction of Dr. Maria Medeiros (grant #N0001415WX01853) and NAVAIR for funding this project and Bridget Lee for helping with mixture preparation. NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD SEP PY 2016 VL 30 IS 9 BP 7331 EP 7341 DI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01114 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DW4VL UT WOS:000383641000049 ER PT J AU Psychogiou, D Gomez-Garcia, R Guyette, AC Peroulis, D AF Psychogiou, Dimitra Gomez-Garcia, Roberto Guyette, Andrew C. Peroulis, Dimitrios TI Reconfigurable Single/Multi-Band Filtering Power Divider Based on Quasi-Bandpass Sections SO IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Bandpass filter; dual-band filter; filtering power divider; multi-band power divider; reconfigurable circuit; switchable filter; tunable power divider; Wilkinson power divider AB A new class of adaptive Wilkinson-type filtering power divider that simultaneously exhibits single/multi-band operation, frequency tuning, and controllable number of passbands is reported. It exploits the incorporation of single/multi-band quasi-bandpass sections into the input/output terminals of the power divider, whose quarter-wavelength-long transmission-line segments are reused as impedance inverters between the quasi-bandpass stages. In this manner, bandpass-type transfer functions are realized at the output nodes along with the power-distribution functionality. For experimental validation, a reconfigurable dual-band prototype that features tunable passbands in the range 0.8-1.2 GHz is designed, manufactured, and tested. C1 [Psychogiou, Dimitra; Peroulis, Dimitrios] Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. [Gomez-Garcia, Roberto] Univ Alcala De Henares, Dept Signal Theory & Commun, Polytech Sch, Madrid 28871, Spain. [Guyette, Andrew C.] Naval Res Lab, Code 6851, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Psychogiou, D (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. EM dimitra.psychogiou@colorado.edu; roberto.gomez.garcia@ieee.org; andrew.guyette@nrl.navy.mil; dperouli@purdue.edu FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); National Science Foundation [1247893]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [TEC2014-54289-R] FX This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the National Science Foundation under Award 1247893, and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under Project TEC2014-54289-R. The views, opinions, and/or findings contained in this material are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official views or policies of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government (Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited). NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1531-1309 EI 1558-1764 J9 IEEE MICROW WIREL CO JI IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 26 IS 9 BP 684 EP 686 DI 10.1109/LMWC.2016.2597264 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DX0PV UT WOS:000384067100014 ER PT J AU Naglich, EJ Guyette, AC AF Naglich, Eric J. Guyette, Andrew C. TI Frequency-Selective Limiters Utilizing Contiguous-Channel Double Multiplexer Topology SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE Limiters; microwave circuits; microwave filters; microwave filters and multiplexing networks; multiplexers ID PLASMA LIMITER; DIODES; RECEIVER; FILTERS AB A frequency-selective limiter that uses a linear-phase, contiguous-channel double multiplexer topology and RF-power-dependent coupling structures is shown in this paper. Frequency-selective limiting is achieved without the use of magnetic materials, nonreciprocal components, or parametric circuits. An L-band prototype with six contiguous 50-MHz-bandwidth channels was fabricated. Under measured low-power excitation, the limiter has a flat, composite passband with a 300-MHz-bandwidth and 1.6-1.9 dB insertion loss. The measured group delay is 16 +/- 0.7 ns across the passband and does not have peaks at channel crossover frequencies. Limiting by 11.4 dB to over 22 dB occurs independently in any channel that experiences high-power excitation without disturbing adjacent channel bands. The measured limiting threshold is tunable from 16 to 33 dBm and can be designed to be tunable over other power ranges easily. C1 [Naglich, Eric J.; Guyette, Andrew C.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Naglich, EJ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM eric.naglich@nrl.navy.mil; andrew.guyette@nrl.navy.mil FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and by the Office of Naval Research (ONR). NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9480 EI 1557-9670 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 64 IS 9 BP 2871 EP 2882 DI 10.1109/TMTT.2016.2590542 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DX1SH UT WOS:000384146800017 ER PT J AU Yuan, X Qin, XQ Tian, F Shi, Y Hou, YT Lou, WJ Midkiff, SF Kompella, S AF Yuan, Xu Qin, Xiaoqi Tian, Feng Shi, Yi Hou, Y. Thomas Lou, Wenjing Midkiff, Scott F. Kompella, Sastry TI A Distributed Algorithm to Achieve Transparent Coexistence for a Secondary Multi-Hop MIMO Network SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd IEEE International Performance, Computing, and Communications Conference (IPCCC) CY DEC 05-07, 2014 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Simulat, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Comp Commun, IEEE Central Texas Sect, IEEE Comp Soc DE Primary network; secondary network; spectrum sharing; coexistence; distributed algorithm; multi-hop network; MIMO; interference cancelation ID COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS; TIME-DOMAIN; ANTENNAS AB The transparent coexistence (TC) paradigm allows simultaneous activation of the secondary users with the primary users as long as their interference to the primary users can be properly canceled. This paradigm has the potential to offer much more efficient spectrum sharing than the traditional interweave paradigm. In this paper, we design a distributed algorithm to achieve this paradigm for a secondary multi-hop network. For interference cancelation (IC), we employ MIMO at secondary nodes. We present a distributed iterative algorithm to maximize each secondary session's throughput while meeting all IC requirements under TC. By maintaining two local sets for each node, we can keep track of the node's IC responsibility. Although no explicit node ordering is maintained in our distributed algorithm, we prove that our distributed data structure at each node (with the use of two local sets) can be mapped to an explicit global node ordering for IC among all nodes in the network. This guarantees that each active node's degree-of-freedoms allocated for IC is feasible at the physical layer. Our algorithm is iterative in nature and all steps can be accomplished based on local information exchange among the neighboring nodes. We present the simulation results to show that the performance of our distributed algorithm is highly competitive when compared with an upper bound solution from the corresponding centralized problem. C1 [Yuan, Xu; Qin, Xiaoqi; Hou, Y. Thomas; Lou, Wenjing; Midkiff, Scott F.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Tian, Feng] Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun, Nanjing 210003, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Shi, Yi] Intelligent Automat Inc, Rockville, MD 20855 USA. [Kompella, Sastry] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yuan, X (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM xuy10@vt.edu; xiaoqi616@gmail.com; tianf@njupt.edu.cn; yshi@vt.edu; thou@vt.edu; wjlou@vt.edu; midkiff@vt.edu; sastry.kompella@nrl.navy.mil NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1536-1276 EI 1558-2248 J9 IEEE T WIREL COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 15 IS 9 BP 6063 EP 6077 DI 10.1109/TWC.2016.2577620 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA DX2ZC UT WOS:000384241400017 ER PT J AU Edwards, DJ Kahn, AD Kelly, M Heinzen, S Scheiman, DA Jenkins, PP Walters, R Hoheisel, R AF Edwards, Daniel J. Kahn, Aaron D. Kelly, Matthew Heinzen, Stearns Scheiman, David A. Jenkins, Phillip P. Walters, Robert Hoheisel, Raymond TI Maximizing Net Power in Circular Turns for Solar and Autonomous Soaring Aircraft SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article AB This study investigates maximizing net power input from a solar-photovoltaic array and/or a thermal updraft while performing constant bank angle, circular flight-path turns (that is, an orbit). The process inputs are the aircraft sink polar (or, equivalently, the power required curve), the date, the time, the location, and the flight altitude. A solar insolation model is combined with a best-turn performance calculation to determine the bank angle that maximizes power input from a solar-photovoltaic array at varying sun elevation angles. In general, for low sun elevation angles, the maximum net power gain from solar input and drag output is found at higher bank angles and shows 15% (absolute) gain over the limiting case of wings-level orbits in the same conditions. For high sun elevation angles, the maximum net power is found at low bank angles. The break point between high and low sun elevation angles varies with aircraft parameters and is approximately 25deg for the example aircraft in this paper. The relative power losses of off-optimum orbits at a given bank angle are quantified. Finally, a thermal-updraft model is included in the net power calculations to determine an optimal bank angle that maximizes the average power input from a combination of solar photovoltaics and thermal updrafts. This paper shows that soaring and solar photovoltaics can be mutually beneficial, and it provides a method to calculate losses at off-optimum conditions. C1 [Edwards, Daniel J.; Kahn, Aaron D.; Kelly, Matthew; Heinzen, Stearns] US Naval Res Lab, Tact Elect Warfare Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Scheiman, David A.; Jenkins, Phillip P.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hoheisel, Raymond] US Naval Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Solid State Devices, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hoheisel, Raymond] George Washington Univ, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Kahn, Aaron D.; Heinzen, Stearns] AIAA, Reston, VA USA. RP Edwards, DJ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Tact Elect Warfare Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dan.edwards@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through the Solar-Soaring 6.2 Base Program at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research through the Solar-Soaring 6.2 Base Program at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. The authors would like to thank Trent Young of the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory and Jay Gundlach of Gundlach Aerospace, LLC for their assistance. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 EI 1533-3868 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2016 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1237 EP 1247 DI 10.2514/1.C033634 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DX3TS UT WOS:000384297800005 ER PT J AU Lind, AH Smith, LR Milluzzo, JI Jones, AR AF Lind, Andrew H. Smith, Luke R. Milluzzo, Joseph I. Jones, Anya R. TI Reynolds Number Effects on Rotor Blade Sections in Reverse Flow SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 53rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting / AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference / 17th AIAA Non-Deterministic Approaches Conference / AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition (SciTech) / AIAA Infotech at Aerospace Conference CY JAN 05-09, 2015 CL Kissimmee, FL SP AIAA ID AIRFOILS; AERODYNAMICS; HYSTERESIS; SEPARATION AB The retreating blade of a high-advance-ratio rotor encounters a wide range of Reynolds numbers when passing through the reverse flow region. The present work was aimed at providing an improved understanding of Reynolds number effects in both forward and reverse flow. Time-averaged sectional airloads and surface oil flow visualizations were obtained experimentally for four airfoil cross sections at Reynolds numbers between 3.3x10(5) and 1.0x10(6). Two airfoils with a sharp geometric trailing edge (a NACA 0012 and a NACA 0024) and two airfoils with a blunt geometric trailing edge (a 24% thick elliptical airfoil and a 26% thick cambered ellipse airfoil) were tested. This work shows that the airloads for a NACA 0012 in reverse flow are insensitive to Reynolds number due to early flow separation, because it acts as a thin airfoil due to the sharp aerodynamic leading edge. The airloads of thicker airfoils were found to be more sensitive to Reynolds number. In reverse flow, the NACA 0024 exhibits a decrease in the magnitude of the airloads with increasing Reynolds number for -3 <= -alpha(rev) <= 15 deg. The lift curve of an elliptical airfoil becomes more linear with increasing Reynolds number. The character of the lift curve for the cambered ellipse airfoil changes drastically for Re >= 3.3 x 10(5) in both forward and reverse flow. These results provide insight for the design of high-speed helicopter rotor blades by examining the sensitivity of airloads to the range of Reynolds numbers encountered in the reverse flow region. C1 [Lind, Andrew H.; Smith, Luke R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, 1151 Mfg Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Milluzzo, Joseph I.] US Naval Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, 333C Rickover Hall, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Jones, Anya R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, 3154 Glenn L Martin Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Lind, Andrew H.; Smith, Luke R.; Milluzzo, Joseph I.; Jones, Anya R.] AIAA, Reston, VA 20191 USA. RP Lind, AH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, 1151 Mfg Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Lind, AH (reprint author), AIAA, Reston, VA 20191 USA. EM alind@umd.edu; lsmith1@terpmail.umd.edu; milluzzo@usna.edu; arjones@umd.edu NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 EI 1533-3868 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2016 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1248 EP 1260 DI 10.2514/1.C033556 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DX3TS UT WOS:000384297800006 ER PT J AU Foss, JF Hedden, M Barros, JM Christensen, KT AF Foss, J. F. Hedden, M. Barros, J. M. Christensen, K. T. TI A topological evaluation procedure to assess the integrity of a PIV vector field SO MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE particle image velocimetry; topology; accuracy ID FLOW PATTERNS; MOTIONS; LAYER AB Particle image velocimetry (PIV) provides a field of discrete vectors to represent a continuum velocity field. Various methods have been adopted to evaluate the integrity of the discrete vectors. In contrast, the present communication provides a systematic technique whereby the integrity of the measured field can be assessed using basic topological principles. Starting with the recognition that PIV provides a vector field overlaid on a planar surface, the analyst can identify the holes (to be punched through the surface of a sphere) and the handles (to be added to the sphere's surface) that will represent the appropriate surface for the topological analysis. These operations define the a priori Euler characteristic (chi(A)) for the subject PIV image. The experimental Euler characteristic (chi(E)) will be known from the properties of the measured vector field: nodes, saddles, etc. A necessary condition for the integrity of the measured vector field is chi(E) = chi(A). The topological bases for the integrity evaluation, including the important constraint of ensuring a smooth collapsed sphere, are carefully explained and described with examples. C1 [Foss, J. F.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hedden, M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Math, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Barros, J. M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Christensen, K. T.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Christensen, K. T.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Christensen, K. T.] Kyushu Univ, Int Inst Carbon Neutral Energy Res WPI I2CNER, Fukuoka, Japan. RP Foss, JF (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM fossjf@gmail.com RI Christensen, Kenneth/B-1123-2009 OI Christensen, Kenneth/0000-0003-1468-2455 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-10-1-0372]; NSF CAREER grant [DMS-1150872]; Alfred P Sloan Research Fellowship FX The smooth-wall turbulent boundary layer data presented herein was acquired with support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant No. FA9550-10-1-0372 (Dr Rengasamy Ponnappan, Program Manager). M H gratefully acknowledges support from NSF CAREER grant DMS-1150872 and an Alfred P Sloan Research Fellowship. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-0233 EI 1361-6501 J9 MEAS SCI TECHNOL JI Meas. Sci. Technol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 27 IS 9 AR 094007 DI 10.1088/0957-0233/27/9/094007 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA DX0AF UT WOS:000384023200008 ER PT J AU Abarca, SF Montgomery, MT Braun, SA Dunion, J AF Abarca, Sergio F. Montgomery, Michael T. Braun, Scott A. Dunion, Jason TI On the Secondary Eyewall Formation of Hurricane Edouard (2014) SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL CYCLONES; RITA 2005; REPLACEMENT; INTENSITY; EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS; VORTEX; CORE; CYCLE; FIELD AB A first observationally based estimation of departures from gradient wind balance during secondary eyewall formation is presented. The study is based on the Atlantic Hurricane Edouard (2014). This storm was observed during the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Hurricane and Severe Storm Sentinel (HS3) experiment, a field campaign conducted in collaboration with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). A total of 135 dropsondes are analyzed in two separate time periods: one named the secondary eyewall formation period and the other one referred to as the decaying double eyewalled storm period. During the secondary eyewall formation period, a time when the storm was observed to have only one eyewall, the diagnosed agradient force has a secondary maximum that coincides with the radial location of the secondary eyewall observed in the second period of study. The maximum spinup tendency of the radial influx of absolute vertical vorticity is within the boundary layer in the region of the eyewall of the storm and the spinup tendency structure elongates radially outward into the secondary region of supergradient wind, where the secondary wind maximum is observed in the second period of study. An analysis of the boundary layer averaged vertical structure of equivalent potential temperature reveals a conditionally unstable environment in the secondary eyewall formation region. These findings support the hypothesis that deep convective activity in this region contributed to spinup of the boundary layer tangential winds and the formation of a secondary eyewall that is observed during the decaying double eyewalled storm period. C1 [Abarca, Sergio F.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, IM Syst Grp, Natl Ctr Environm Protect, Natl Weather Serv, College Pk, MD USA. [Montgomery, Michael T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Braun, Scott A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Dunion, Jason] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA. [Dunion, Jason] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA. RP Abarca, SF (reprint author), NOAA, IM Syst Grp, NWS, NCEP, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM sergio.abarca@noaa.gov RI Dunion, Jason/B-1352-2014 OI Dunion, Jason/0000-0001-7489-0569 FU National Research Council (NRC) through Research Associateship Program; Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) in Monterey, California; NSF [AGS-1313948]; NOAA HFIP Grant [N0017315WR00048]; NASA HS3 Grant [NNG11PK021]; U.S. Naval Postgraduate School FX The first author gratefully acknowledges the support from the National Research Council (NRC) through its Research Associateship Program; the host institution, the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) in Monterey, California; and Scott Braun for the funding that made it possible for him to participate in the H53 deployment during the 2014 hurricane season. MTM acknowledges the support of NSF Grant AGS-1313948, NOAA HFIP Grant N0017315WR00048, NASA HS3 Grant NNG11PK021, and the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 144 IS 9 BP 3321 EP 3331 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0421.1 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DW8RN UT WOS:000383923300014 ER PT J AU Seng, F Hackney, D Goode, T Shumway, L Hammond, A Shoemaker, G Pankow, M Peters, K Schultz, S AF Seng, Frederick Hackney, Drew Goode, Tyler Shumway, LeGrand Hammond, Alec Shoemaker, George Pankow, Mark Peters, Kara Schultz, Stephen TI Split Hopkinson bar measurement using high-speed full-spectrum fiber Bragg grating interrogation SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SENSORS AB The development and validation of a high-speed, full-spectrum measurement technique is described for fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. A FBG is surface-mounted to a split-Hopkinson tensile bar specimen to induce high strain rates. The high strain gradients and large strains that indicate material failure are analyzed under high strain rates up to 500 s(-1). The FBG is interrogated using a high-speed full-spectrum solid-state interrogator with a repetition rate of 100 kHz. The captured deformed spectra are analyzed for strain gradients using a default interior point algorithm in combination with the modified transfer matrix approach. This paper shows that by using high-speed full-spectrum interrogation of an FBG and the modified transfer matrix method, highly localized strain gradients and discontinuities can be measured without a direct line of sight. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Seng, Frederick; Shumway, LeGrand; Hammond, Alec; Schultz, Stephen] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Hackney, Drew; Goode, Tyler; Pankow, Mark; Peters, Kara] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Shoemaker, George] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Adv Instrumentat Syst Technol AIST Executing Agen, Code 709, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Seng, F (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM sengfrederick@gmail.com FU Test & Evaluation/Science Technology (TE/ST program); U.S. Army Program Executive Office for Simulation, Training and Instrumentation [W900KK-15-C-0028]; National Science Foundation (NSF) FX Test & Evaluation/Science Technology (T&E/S&T program); U.S. Army Program Executive Office for Simulation, Training and Instrumentation (W900KK-15-C-0028); National Science Foundation (NSF). NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP PY 2016 VL 55 IS 25 BP 7179 EP 7185 DI 10.1364/AO.55.007179 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA DW9PS UT WOS:000383994600052 PM 27607299 ER PT J AU Baines, EK Dollinger, MP Guenther, EW Hatzes, AP Hrudkovu, M van Belle, GT AF Baines, Ellyn K. Doellinger, Michaela P. Guenther, Eike W. Hatzes, Artie P. Hrudkovu, Marie van Belle, Gerard T. TI SPECTROSCOPIC AND INTERFEROMETRIC MEASUREMENTS OF NINE K GIANT STARS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE infrared: stars; stars: fundamental parameters; techniques: interferometric; techniques: spectroscopic ID SOLAR-LIKE OSCILLATIONS; CHARA ARRAY; EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURES; ANGULAR DIAMETERS; OPTICAL INTERFEROMETER; FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS; STELLAR OSCILLATIONS; KEPLER-MISSION; PLANET HOSTS; COOL STARS AB We present spectroscopic and interferometric measurements for a sample of nine K giant stars. These targets are of particular interest because they are slated for stellar oscillation observations. Our improved parameters will directly translate into reduced errors in the final masses for these stars when interferometric radii and asteroseismic densities are combined. Here, we determine each star's limb-darkened angular diameter, physical radius, luminosity, bolometric flux, effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, and mass. When we compare our interferometric and spectroscopic results, we find no systematic offsets in the diameters and the values generally agree within the errors. Our interferometric temperatures for seven of the nine stars are hotter than those determined from spectroscopy with an average difference of about 380 K. C1 [Baines, Ellyn K.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Doellinger, Michaela P.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Guenther, Eike W.; Hatzes, Artie P.] Thuringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Sternwarte 5, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. [Hrudkovu, Marie] Isaac Newton Grp Telescopes, Apartado Correos 321, E-38700 Santa Cruz De La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain. [van Belle, Gerard T.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Baines, EK (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ellyn.baines@nrl.navy.mil FU National Science Foundation [AST-1211929]; GSU College of Arts and Sciences; GSU Office of the Vice President for Research and Economic Development; DFG [HA 3279/5-1, HA 3279/9-1]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX This work is based upon observations obtained with the Georgia State University Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy Array at Mount Wilson Observatory. The CHARA Array is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-1211929. Institutional support has been provided from the GSU College of Arts and Sciences and the GSU Office of the Vice President for Research and Economic Development. APH, MP, and MD acknowledge DFG grants HA 3279/5-1 and HA 3279/9-1. We are also grateful to the user support group of the Alfred-Jensch telescope. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 152 IS 3 AR 66 DI 10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/66 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW7AV UT WOS:000383804300014 ER PT J AU Alexanderian, A Gloor, PJ Ghattas, O AF Alexanderian, Alen Gloor, Philip J. Ghattas, Omar TI On Bayesian A- and D-Optimal Experimental Designs in Infinite Dimensions SO BAYESIAN ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Bayesian inference in Hilbert space; Gaussian measure; Kullback-Leibler divergence; Bayesian optimal experimental design; expected information gain; Bayes risk ID INVERSE PROBLEMS AB We consider Bayesian linear inverse problems in infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert spaces, with a Gaussian prior measure and additive Gaussian noise model, and provide an extension of the concept of Bayesian D-optimality to the infinite-dimensional case. To this end, we derive the infinite-dimensional version of the expression for the Kullback-Leibler divergence from the posterior measure to the prior measure, which is subsequently used to derive the expression for the expected information gain. We also study the notion of Bayesian A-optimality in the infinite-dimensional setting, and extend the well known (in the finite-dimensional case) equivalence of the Bayes risk of the MAP estimator with the trace of the posterior covariance, for the Gaussian linear case, to the infinite-dimensional Hilbert space case. C1 [Alexanderian, Alen; Ghattas, Omar] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Alexanderian, Alen] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Gloor, Philip J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Ghattas, Omar] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ghattas, Omar] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Alexanderian, A (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.; Alexanderian, A (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM alexanderian@ncsu.edu; gloor@usna.edu; omar@ices.utexas.edu FU NSF [CMMI-1028889]; DOE [DE-SC0009286, DE-SC0010518, DE-SC0006656, DE-SC0002710]; AFOSR [FA9550-12-1-0484] FX We would like to thank the anonymous referees for their helpful comments and suggestions that led to significant improvements in the final version of the article. The work of A. Alexanderian and O. Ghattas was partially supported by NSF grant CMMI-1028889, DOE grants DE-SC0009286, DE-SC0010518, DE-SC0006656, DE-SC0002710, and AFOSR grant FA9550-12-1-0484. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC BAYESIAN ANALYSIS PI PITTSBURGH PA CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, DEPT STTISTICS, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA SN 1931-6690 EI 1936-0975 J9 BAYESIAN ANAL JI Bayesian Anal. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 11 IS 3 BP 671 EP 695 DI 10.1214/15-BA969 PG 25 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA DW5EQ UT WOS:000383665700003 ER PT J AU Babich, YV Feigelson, BN Chepurov, AI AF Babich, Y. V. Feigelson, B. N. Chepurov, A. I. TI Linear growth rate and sectorial growth dynamics of diamond crystals grown by the temperature-gradient techniques (Fe-Ni-C system) SO GEOCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE synthetic diamond; temperature-gradient technique; linear growth rate ID NITROGEN AGGREGATION; SYNTHETIC DIAMONDS AB The paper reports data on the linear growth rates of synthetic diamond single crystals grown at high P-T parameters by the temperature-gradient technique in the Fe-Ni-C system. Techniques of stepwise temperature changes and generation of growth microzoning were applied to evaluate the growth rates of various octahedral and cubic growth sectors and variations in these rates with growth time. The maximum linear growth rates of the order of 100-300 A mu m/h were detected at the initial activation of crystal growth, after which the growth rates nonlinearly decreased throughout the whole growth time to 5-20 A mu m/h. The fact that the linear growth rates can broadly vary indicates that the inner structure and growth dynamics of single diamond crystals grown by the temperature-gradient technique should be taken into account when applied in mineral-geochemical studies (capture of inclusions, accommodation of admixture components, changes of the defective structure, etc.). C1 [Babich, Y. V.; Chepurov, A. I.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Sobolev Inst Geol & Mineral, Pr Akad Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Feigelson, B. N.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Babich, YV (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Sobolev Inst Geol & Mineral, Pr Akad Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. EM babich@igm.nsc.ru FU Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences [VIII.67.1] FX This study was supported by state assignment Program VIII.67.1 "Mineral-Forming and Fluid Systems in the Lithosphere and Their Evolution in the Earth's History" of the Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 0016-7029 EI 1556-1968 J9 GEOCHEM INT+ JI Geochem. Int. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 54 IS 9 BP 781 EP 787 DI 10.1134/S0016702916080036 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DW0HW UT WOS:000383322500004 ER PT J AU Woolfe, K Collins, MD Calvo, DC Siegmann, WL AF Woolfe, Katherine Collins, Michael D. Calvo, David C. Siegmann, William L. TI Seismo-Acoustic Benchmark Problems Involving Sloping Solid-Solid Interfaces and Variable Topography SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL ACOUSTICS LA English DT Article DE Parabolic equation method; seismo-acoustics; range dependence; Arctic acoustics; elastic sediments ID PARABOLIC EQUATION AB The accuracy of the seismo-acoustic parabolic equation is tested for problems involving sloping solid-solid interfaces and variable topography. The approach involves approximating the medium in terms of a series of range-independent regions, using a parabolic wave equation to propagate the field through each region, and applying a single-scattering approximation to obtain transmitted fields across the vertical interfaces between regions. The accuracy of the parabolic equation method for range-dependent problems in seismo-acoustics was previously tested in the small slope limit. It is tested here for problems involving larger slopes using a finite-element model to generate reference solutions. C1 [Woolfe, Katherine] Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Associateship Program, Code 7130, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Collins, Michael D.; Calvo, David C.] Naval Res Lab, Code 7160, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Siegmann, William L.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Siegmann, WL (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM siegmw2@rpi.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-396X EI 1793-6489 J9 J COMPUT ACOUST JI J. Comput. Acoust. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 24 IS 3 AR 1650019 DI 10.1142/S0218396X16500193 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Acoustics; Mathematics GA DW6UF UT WOS:000383786100006 ER PT J AU Augenblick, N Cunha, JM Dal Bo, E Rao, JM AF Augenblick, Ned Cunha, Jesse M. Dal Bo, Ernesto Rao, Justin M. TI The economics of faith: using an apocalyptic prophecy to elicit religious beliefs in the field SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Economics of faith; Religion; Faith; Time preference; Beliefs; Field experiments ID PASCALS WAGER; OVERCONFIDENCE; CONVERSION; BEHAVIOR; UTILITY AB We model religious faith as a "demand for beliefs," following the logic of the Pascalian wager. We show how standard experimental interventions linking financial consequences to falsifiable religious statements can elicit and characterize beliefs. We implemented this approach with members of a group that expected the "End of the World" to occur on May 21, 2011 by varying monetary prizes payable before and after May 21st. To our knowledge, this is the first incentivized elicitation of religious beliefs ever conducted. The results suggest that the members held extreme, sincere beliefs that were unresponsive to experimental manipulations in price. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Augenblick, Ned; Dal Bo, Ernesto] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cunha, Jesse M.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Dal Bo, Ernesto] NBER, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rao, Justin M.] Microsoft Res, Fremont, CA USA. RP Augenblick, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ned@haas.berkeley.edu; jcunha@nps.edu; dalbo@haas.berkeley.edu; justin.rao@microsoft.com NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0047-2727 J9 J PUBLIC ECON JI J. Public Econ. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 141 BP 38 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2016.07.004 PG 12 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA DW7GB UT WOS:000383818100004 ER PT J AU Panuski, CL Mungan, CE AF Panuski, Christopher L. Mungan, Carl E. TI Single-Slit Diffraction: Transitioning from Geometric Optics to the Fraunhofer Regime SO PHYSICS TEACHER LA English DT Article C1 [Panuski, Christopher L.; Mungan, Carl E.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Panuski, CL (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM m174758@usna.edu; mungan@usna.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER ASSN PHYSICS TEACHERS PI COLLEGE PK PA 5110 ROANOKE PLACE SUITE 101, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740 USA SN 0031-921X J9 PHYS TEACH JI Phys. Teach. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 54 IS 6 BP 356 EP 359 DI 10.1119/1.4961179 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DW6UL UT WOS:000383786800015 ER PT J AU Burgess, CT AF Burgess, C. Thomas TI Race, Nation, and Citizenship in Post-Colonial Africa: The Case of Tanzania SO AFRICAN STUDIES REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, C. Thomas] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Burgess, CT (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM gburgess@usna.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0002-0206 EI 1555-2462 J9 AFR STUD REV JI Afr. Stud. Rev. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 59 IS 2 BP 279 EP 281 DI 10.1017/asr.2016.55 PG 3 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA DV5XA UT WOS:000383002800028 ER PT J AU Nardon, L Aten, K AF Nardon, Luciara Aten, Kathryn TI Making sense of a foreign culture through technology: Triggers, mechanisms, and introspective focus in newcomers' blogs SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTERCULTURAL RELATIONS LA English DT Article DE Expatriate adjustment; Culture and technology; Narrative; Blogs; Sensemaking; Qualitative methods ID SOCIAL SUPPORT; ADJUSTMENT; MANAGEMENT; EXPERIENCE; INTELLIGENCE; SENSEMAKING; COMPETENCE; TRANSITION; EDUCATION; IDENTITY AB This study explored the blogs of newcomers to Canada to investigate the role of blogging in newcomers' efforts to make sense of a foreign culture. We describe the phenomenon of sensemaking in blogging and identify triggers, mechanisms, and introspective focus of cultural sensemaking in newcomers' blogs. Our study contributes to research on intercultural learning by supporting the argument that blogs are a promising site for intercultural studies. We also extend this discussion by demonstrating that sensemaking in and through blogging is an important phenomenon deserving study as a research subject and showing that (1) newcomers use blogs to make sense of discrepancies triggered by experiences, observation of patterns and temporal milestones, (2) newcomers make sense through self-debating, making comparisons to the home country, sequencing, and reflecting on information-gathering, and (3) bloggers focus introspection during sensemaking on their thoughts and emotions, (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Nardon, Luciara] Carleton Univ, Sprott Sch Business, 926 Dunton Tower,1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Aten, Kathryn] Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, 555 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA USA. RP Nardon, L (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Sprott Sch Business, 926 Dunton Tower,1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. EM luciara.nardon@carleton.ca; kjaten@nps.edu OI Nardon, Luciara/0000-0001-8935-198X NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0147-1767 EI 1873-7552 J9 INT J INTERCULT REL JI Int. J. Intercult. Relat. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 54 BP 15 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2016.06.002 PG 6 WC Psychology, Social; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Sociology SC Psychology; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA DW0CD UT WOS:000383307600002 ER PT J AU Shinoda, T Han, WQ Jensen, TG Zamudio, L Metzger, EJ Lien, RC AF Shinoda, Toshiaki Han, Weiqing Jensen, Tommy G. Zamudio, Luis Metzger, E. Joseph Lien, Ren-Chieh TI Impact of the Madden-Julian Oscillation on the Indonesian Throughflow in the Makassar Strait during the CINDY/DYNAMO Field Campaign SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID EQUATORIAL INDIAN-OCEAN; INTRASEASONAL KELVIN WAVES; PACIFIC-OCEAN; HEAT-BUDGET; VARIABILITY; DYNAMICS; MODEL; SEAS; WIND; CIRCULATION AB Previous studies indicate that equatorial zonal winds in the Indian Ocean can significantly influence the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF). During the Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability (CINDY)/Dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) field campaign, two strong MJO events were observed within a month without a clear suppressed phase between them, and these events generated exceptionally strong ocean responses. Strong eastward currents along the equator in the Indian Ocean lasted more than one month from late November 2011 to early January 2012. The influence of these unique MJO events during the field campaign on ITF variability is investigated using a high-resolution (1/25 degrees) global ocean general circulation model, the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). The strong westerlies associated with these MJO events, which exceed 10 m s(-1), generate strong equatorial eastward jets and downwelling near the eastern boundary. The equatorial jets are realistically simulated by the global HYCOM based on the comparison with the data collected during the field campaign. The analysis demonstrates that sea surface height (SSH) and alongshore velocity anomalies at the eastern boundary propagate along the coast of Sumatra and Java as coastal Kelvin waves, significantly reducing the ITF transport at the Makassar Strait during January-early February. The alongshore velocity anomalies associated with the Kelvin wave significantly leads SSH anomalies. The magnitude of the anomalous currents at the Makassar Strait is exceptionally large because of the unique feature of the MJO events, and thus the typical seasonal cycle of ITF could be significantly altered by strong MJO events such as those observed during the CINDY/DYNAMO field campaign. C1 [Shinoda, Toshiaki] Texas A&M Univ, 6300 Ocean Dr, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. [Han, Weiqing] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Jensen, Tommy G.; Metzger, E. Joseph] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Zamudio, Luis] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Lien, Ren-Chieh] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Shinoda, T (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, 6300 Ocean Dr, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. EM toshiaki.shinoda@tamucc.edu FU National Science Foundation; Texas A&M University High Performance Research Computing; NOAA [NA15OAR431074]; NSF [AGS-1347132, OCE-1029488]; ONR/LASP grant [601153]; NASA OVWST Award [NNX14AM68G] FX The TAO Project Office of NOAA/PMEL provided the RAMA mooring time series data (http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/rama). The altimeter products are produced by SSALTO/DUACS and are distributed by AVISO. Blended SST product is provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD. MUR SST product is obtained from NASA JPL site (http://mur.jpl.nasa.gov). The OSCAR Project Office has made the surface velocity data available. Grants of computer time for the modeling work were provided by the Department of Defense (DoD) High Performance Computing Modernization Program and the simulations were performed on the IBM iDataPlex (Haise) at the Navy DoD Supercomputing Resources Center, Stennis Space Center, Mississippi. Computing resources were also provided by the Climate Simulation Laboratory at NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science Foundation and other agencies, as well as Texas A&M University High Performance Research Computing. Constructive comments from the reviewers are gratefully acknowledged. This research is supported by NOAA Grant NA15OAR431074, NSF Grant AGS-1347132, and an ONR/LASP grant under Program Element 601153. W. Han is supported by NASA OVWST Award NNX14AM68G. R.-C. Lien is supported by NSF Grant OCE-1029488. This paper has been approved for public release and distribution is unlimited. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 29 IS 17 BP 6085 EP 6108 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0711.1 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DV3DO UT WOS:000382801400003 ER PT J AU Wang, C Wang, N Yang, JQ AF Wang, Chong Wang, Neng Yang, Jinqiang TI Optimal consumption and savings with stochastic income and recursive utility SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC THEORY LA English DT Article DE Buffer stock; Precautionary savings; Incomplete markets; Borrowing constraints; Permanent income; Non-expected utility; Marginal value of liquidity ID LIFE-CYCLE; PERMANENT-INCOME; INTERTEMPORAL SUBSTITUTION; LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS; HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION; DIFFERENTIAL UTILITY; UNCERTAINTY; WEALTH; RISK; HYPOTHESIS AB We develop a tractable incomplete-markets model with an earnings process Y subject to permanent shocks and borrowing constraints. Financial frictions cause the marginal (certainty equivalent) value of wealth W to be greater than unity and decrease with liquidity w = W/Y. Additionally, financial frictions cause consumption to decrease with this endogenously determined marginal value of liquidity. Risk aversion and the elasticity of inter-temporal substitution play very different roles on consumption and the dispersion of w. Permanent earnings shocks, especially large discrete stochastic jumps, make consumption smoothing quantitatively difficult to achieve. Borrowing constraints and permanent discrete jump shocks can generate empirically plausible values for marginal propensities to consume in the range of 0.2 to 0.6. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Chong] Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA USA. [Wang, Neng] Columbia Business Sch, New York, NY USA. [Yang, Jinqiang] SUFE, Sch Finance, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Wang, Neng] NBER, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Wang, N (reprint author), Columbia Business Sch, New York, NY USA. EM cwang@nps.edu; neng.wang@columbia.edu; yang.jinqiang@mail.sufe.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [71472117, 71202007, 71522008]; Chazen Institute of International Business at Columbia Business School; New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-13-0895]; Fok Ying Tong Education Foundation [151086]; Program for Innovative Research Team of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics [2016110241] FX We thank Cristina De Nardi, Lars Peter Hansen, Dirk Krueger, Ricardo Lagos, Tom Sargent, Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh, Suresh Sundaresan, Amir Yaron, Steve Zeldes, two anonymous referees, and seminar participants at Columbia University for helpful comments. Neng Wang acknowledges support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (#71472117) and the Chazen Institute of International Business at Columbia Business School. Jinqiang Yang acknowledges support by National Natural Science Foundation of China (#71202007, #71522008), New Century Excellent Talents in University (#NCET-13-0895), Fok Ying Tong Education Foundation (#151086), and the Program for Innovative Research Team of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics (#2016110241). NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-0531 EI 1095-7235 J9 J ECON THEORY JI J. Econ. Theory PD SEP PY 2016 VL 165 BP 292 EP 331 DI 10.1016/j.jet.2016.04.002 PG 40 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA DV5XC UT WOS:000383003000013 ER PT J AU Camacho, M Li, DC Kawai, M Zaghi, S Teixeira, J Senchak, AJ Brietzke, SE Frasier, S Certal, V AF Camacho, Macario Li, Dongcai Kawai, Makoto Zaghi, Soroush Teixeira, Jeffrey Senchak, Andrew J. Brietzke, Scott E. Frasier, Samuel Certal, Victor TI Tonsillectomy for adult obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Review DE Tonsillectomy; obstructive sleep apnea; sleep apnea syndromes; meta-analysis; systematic review ID TONSILLAR HYPERTROPHY; NASAL SURGERY; UPPER AIRWAY; TRACHEOSTOMY; PARAMETERS; MANAGEMENT; SCALE; NOSE AB Objectives/HypothesisTo determine if sleepiness and sleep study variables (e.g., Apnea-Hypopnea Index [AHI] and lowest oxygen saturation) improve following isolated tonsillectomy for adult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Study DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis. MethodsNine databases (PubMed/MEDLINE included) were searched through November 24, 2015. ResultsSeventeen studies (n = 216 patients, 34.4 10.0 years and body mass index: 29.0 +/- 6.1 kg/m(2)) met criteria. Tonsils sizes were hypertrophied, large, enlarged, extremely enlarged, or grades 2 to 4. Apnea-Hypopnea Index decreased by 65.2% (from 40.5 +/- 28.9/hour to 14.1 +/- 17.1/hour) (n = 203). The AHI mean difference (MD) was -30.2 per hour (95% confidence interval [CI] -39.3, -21.1) (P value < 0.00001). The AHI SMD was -1.37 (-1.65, -1.09) (large effect). Lowest oxygen saturation improved from 77.7 +/- 11.9% to 85.5 +/- 8.2% (n = 186). Lowest oxygen saturation MD was 8.5% (95% CI 5.2, 11.8) (P value < 0.00001). The Epworth Sleepiness Scale decreased from 11.6 +/- 3.7 to 6.1 +/- 3.9 (P value < 0.00001) (n = 125). Individual patient outcomes (n = 54) demonstrated an 85.2% success rate (AHI < 20/hour and 50% reduction) and a 57.4% cure rate. Individual patient data meta-analysis showed preoperative AHI < 30 per hour to be a significant predictor of surgical success (P value < 0.001) and cure (P value = 0.043); among patients with preoperative AHI < 30 per hour, tonsillectomy success rate was 100% (25 of 25) and cure rate was 84% (21 of 25) with a mean postoperative AHI of 2.4 +/- 2.1 per hour; this compares to tonsillectomy success rate of 72.4% (21 of 29), cure rate of 10 of 29 (34.4%), and mean postoperative AHI of 14.3 +/- 13.9 per hour for patients with preoperative AHI 30 per hour. ConclusionIsolated tonsillectomy can be successful as treatment for adult OSA, especially among patients with large tonsils and mild to moderate OSA (AHI < 30/hour). Laryngoscope, 2016 Laryngoscope, 126:2176-2186, 2016 C1 [Camacho, Macario] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Sleep Surg & Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Camacho, Macario] Stanford Hosp & Clin, Sleep Med Div, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Stanford, CA USA. [Li, Dongcai] Inst ENT, Shenzhen Key Lab ENT, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. [Li, Dongcai] Longgang ENT Hosp, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. [Kawai, Makoto] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kawai, Makoto] VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Res Educ Ctr, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Kawai, Makoto] VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Clin Ctr, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Zaghi, Soroush] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Head & Neck Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Teixeira, Jeffrey; Senchak, Andrew J.; Brietzke, Scott E.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. [Frasier, Samuel] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Certal, Victor] Hosp CUF & CHEDV Porto, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Sleep Med Ctr, Oporto, Portugal. [Certal, Victor] Univ Porto, CINTESIS Ctr Res Hlth Technol & Informat Syst, Oporto, Portugal. RP Camacho, M (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Sleep Surg & Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM drcamachoent@yahoo.com RI FMUP, CINTESIS/C-6631-2014 OI FMUP, CINTESIS/0000-0001-7248-2086 NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0023-852X EI 1531-4995 J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD SEP PY 2016 VL 126 IS 9 BP 2176 EP 2186 DI 10.1002/lary.25931 PG 11 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA DV9VD UT WOS:000383289400051 PM 27005314 ER PT J AU Chu, PC Fan, CW Margolina, T AF Chu, Peter C. Fan, Chenwu Margolina, Tetyana TI Ocean spectral data assimilation without background error covariance matrix SO OCEAN DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE Ocean data assimilation; Optimal spectral decomposition (OSD); Basis functions; Lagrangian operator; Background error covariance matrix; Observational error covariance matrix; Optimal interpolation; World ocean synoptic monthly gridded data ID SOUTH CHINA SEA; SEASONAL VARIABILITY; FLOW DECOMPOSITION; PACIFIC-OCEAN; SYSTEM; SPARSE; MODEL AB Predetermination of background error covariance matrix B is challenging in existing ocean data assimilation schemes such as the optimal interpolation (OI). An optimal spectral decomposition (OSD) has been developed to overcome such difficulty without using the B matrix. The basis functions are eigenvectors of the horizontal Laplacian operator, pre-calculated on the base of ocean topography, and independent on any observational data and background fields. Minimization of analysis error variance is achieved by optimal selection of the spectral coefficients. Optimal mode truncation is dependent on the observational data and observational error variance and determined using the steep-descending method. Analytical 2D fields of large and small mesoscale eddies with white Gaussian noises inside a domain with four rigid and curved boundaries are used to demonstrate the capability of the OSD method. The overall error reduction using the OSD is evident in comparison to the OI scheme. Synoptic monthly gridded world ocean temperature, salinity, and absolute geostrophic velocity datasets produced with the OSD method and quality controlled by the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) are also presented. C1 [Chu, Peter C.; Fan, Chenwu; Margolina, Tetyana] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Naval Ocean Anal & Predict Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Chu, PC (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Naval Ocean Anal & Predict Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pcchu@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Oceanographic Office; Naval Postgraduate School FX The Office of Naval Research, the Naval Oceanographic Office, and the Naval Postgraduate School supported this study. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1616-7341 EI 1616-7228 J9 OCEAN DYNAM JI Ocean Dyn. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 66 IS 9 BP 1143 EP 1163 DI 10.1007/s10236-016-0971-x PG 21 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DV5UN UT WOS:000382996000007 ER PT J AU Denning, PJ AF Denning, Peter J. TI The Profession of IT Software Quality SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Denning, Peter J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Comp Sci, Monterey, CA USA. [Denning, Peter J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat, Monterey, CA USA. RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Comp Sci, Monterey, CA USA.; Denning, PJ (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat, Monterey, CA USA. EM pjd@nps.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0001-0782 EI 1557-7317 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD SEP PY 2016 VL 59 IS 9 BP 23 EP 25 DI 10.1145/2971327 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA DV1HG UT WOS:000382671100016 ER PT J AU Mungan, CE Lipscombe, TC AF Mungan, Carl E. Lipscombe, Trevor C. TI The rain-powered cart SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE elastic collisions; rainfall; terminal speed; renewable energy AB A frictionless cart in the shape of a right triangle (with the vertical side forward) is elastically impacted by vertically falling raindrops. The speed of the cart as a function of time can be analytically deduced as an exercise in the use of trigonometric and hyperbolic functions. A characteristic time defines the approach to a terminal speed which is a sizeable fraction of the speed of the rain. The treatment is accessible to a student in a calculus-based mechanics course. C1 [Mungan, Carl E.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Lipscombe, Trevor C.] Catholic Univ Amer Press, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Mungan, CE (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM mungan@usna.edu; lipscombe@cua.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0143-0807 EI 1361-6404 J9 EUR J PHYS JI Eur. J. Phys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 37 IS 5 AR 055005 DI 10.1088/0143-0807/37/5/055005 PG 4 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA DT9KV UT WOS:000381819000008 ER PT J AU Polivka, TN Wang, J Ellison, LT Hyer, EJ Ichoku, CM AF Polivka, Thomas N. Wang, Jun Ellison, Luke T. Hyer, Edward J. Ichoku, Charles M. TI Improving Nocturnal Fire Detection With the VIIRS Day-Night Band SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Day-night band (DNB); fire detection; fires; gas flares; Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS); visible light at night; wildfires ID PIXEL-BASED CALCULATION; RADIATIVE POWER; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; SATELLITE DETECTION; INITIAL ASSESSMENT; SOUTH-AMERICA; INFRARED DATA; GAS FLARES; SCAR-B; MODIS AB Building on existing techniques for satellite remote sensing of fires, this paper takes advantage of the day-night band (DNB) aboard the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) to develop the Firelight Detection Algorithm (FILDA), which characterizes fire pixels based on both visible-light and infrared (IR) signatures at night. By adjusting fire pixel selection criteria to include visible-light signatures, FILDA allows for significantly improved detection of pixels with smaller and/or cooler subpixel hotspots than the operational Interface Data Processing System (IDPS) algorithm. VIIRS scenes with near-coincident Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection (ASTER) overpasses are examined after applying the operational VIIRS fire product algorithm and including a modified "candidate fire pixel selection" approach from FILDA that lowers the 4-mu m brightness temperature (BT) threshold but includes a minimum DNB radiance. FILDA is shown to be effective in detecting gas flares and characterizing fire lines during large forest fires (such as the Rim Fire in California and High Park fire in Colorado). Compared with the operational VIIRS fire algorithm for the study period, FILDA shows a large increase (up to 90%) in the number of detected fire pixels that can be verified with the finer resolution ASTER data (90 m). Part (30%) of this increase is likely due to a combined use of DNB and lower 4-mu m BT thresholds for fire detection in FILDA. Although further studies are needed, quantitative use of the DNB to improve fire detection could lead to reduced response times to wildfires and better estimate of fire characteristics (smoldering and flaming) at night. C1 [Polivka, Thomas N.; Wang, Jun] Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Ellison, Luke T.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Ellison, Luke T.; Ichoku, Charles M.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Hyer, Edward J.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Polivka, TN (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM thomas.polivka@huskers.unl.edu; jwangjun@gmail.com; luke.ellison@nasa.gov; edward.hyer@nrlmry.navy.mil; charles.ichoku@nasa.gov RI Hyer, Edward/E-7734-2011; Wang, Jun/A-2977-2008 OI Hyer, Edward/0000-0001-8636-2026; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-7334-0490 FU NASA FX This work was supported in part by the NASA Suomi NPP Program and Applied Science Program managed by John A. Haynes and Lawrence A. Friedl and in part by the Interdisciplinary Studies (IDS) Program directed by J. Kaye and administered through the Radiation Sciences Program managed by Hal B. Maring. The work of T. Polivka was also supported by the NASA Nebraska Space Grant. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 EI 1558-0644 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD SEP PY 2016 VL 54 IS 9 BP 5503 EP 5519 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2016.2566665 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA DV1NZ UT WOS:000382689300038 ER PT J AU Henderson, DR AF Henderson, David R. TI An Economist's Case for a Noninterventionist Foreign Policy SO INDEPENDENT REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 [Henderson, David R.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Econ, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Henderson, David R.] Stanford Univ, Hoover Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Henderson, DR (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Econ, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.; Henderson, DR (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Hoover Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INDEPENDENT INST PI OAKLAND PA 100 SWAN WAY, OAKLAND, CA 94621 USA SN 1086-1653 J9 INDEP REV JI Indep. Rev. PD FAL PY 2016 VL 21 IS 2 BP 199 EP 217 PG 19 WC Economics; Political Science SC Business & Economics; Government & Law GA DU7UH UT WOS:000382419600004 ER PT J AU Asgharian, B Miller, FJ Price, O Schroeter, JD Einstein, DR Corley, RA Bentley, T AF Asgharian, Bahman Miller, Frederick J. Price, Owen Schroeter, Jeffry D. Einstein, Daniel R. Corley, Richard A. Bentley, Timothy TI Modeling particle deposition in the pig respiratory tract SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Pig; Lung geometry; Morphometric variables; Particles; Deposition modeling ID MULTIPLE-PATH MODEL; BRONCHIAL TREE; HUMAN LUNG; INHALATION; DOSIMETRY; GEOMETRY; MASS AB Despite increasing use of pigs as surrogates for humans in inhalation studies, measurements of particle deposition in the lungs of pigs are lacking. No comprehensive models are available for deposition of inhaled particles in the lungs of pigs to bridge the gap between exposure and biological response. In this study, a mathematical model was developed for the deposition of particles in the respiratory tract of pigs. Semi-empirical equations were developed to relate particle deposition efficiency in the pig nasal passages to non-dimensional parameters for diffusion and impaction deposition. The conducting airway tree of pigs was reconstructed from scanned images and other morphometric data in the literature. The pulmonary airway region was reconstructed assuming geometric similarities between humans and pigs due to a lack of information available on the pulmonary airways of pigs. The tracheobronchial and alveolar trees were combined to obtain a limited-monopodial lung geometry for pigs. A lung ventilation model was developed in this geometry based on lung compliance, airway resistance, and airflow inertance using breathing parameters from the literature. The lung deposition model was constructed based on models for lung ventilation, particle transport, and deposition in the asymmetric (monopodial) lung structure to predict particle deposition in the lungs of pigs. Model predictions indicated that the largest airflow and particle deposition occurred in the basal (diaphragmatic) lobes, which possessed the largest airway dimensions and volumes. The predicted site of deposition was related to particle size with larger particles depositing proximally and smaller particles depositing distally. There was limited penetration of coarse particles into the alveolar region because most of these particles were removed from inhaled air in the nasal and tracheobronchial regions. The deposition model developed in this study is a powerful tool to relate exposure environment to biological response and assess the dose of the delivered particles to the lungs. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Asgharian, Bahman; Schroeter, Jeffry D.] Appl Res Associates Inc, 8537 Six Forks Rd,Suite 600, Raleigh, NC 27615 USA. [Miller, Frederick J.] Fred J Miller & Associates LLC, 911 Queensferry Rd, Cary, NC 27511 USA. [Price, Owen] Appl Res Associates Inc, 801 North Quincy St,Suite 700, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Einstein, Daniel R.; Corley, Richard A.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Bentley, Timothy] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Asgharian, B (reprint author), Appl Res Associates Inc, 8537 Six Forks Rd,Suite 600, Raleigh, NC 27615 USA. EM basgharian@ara.com FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-12-C-0624]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health [NHLBI R01 HL073598] FX This work was funded in part by the Office of Naval Research via contract N00014-12-C-0624. Reconstruction of lung tracheobronchial tree was supported by a grant from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI R01 HL073598) of the National Institutes of Health. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8502 EI 1879-1964 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 99 SI SI BP 107 EP 124 DI 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2016.01.016 PG 18 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DT6JE UT WOS:000381589700013 ER PT J AU Naseradinmousavi, P Segala, DB Nataraj, C AF Naseradinmousavi, Peiman Segala, David B. Nataraj, C. TI Chaotic and Hyperchaotic Dynamics of Smart Valves System Subject to a Sudden Contraction SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND NONLINEAR DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID COMPETITIVE MODES; SYNCHRONIZATION; TRANSITION AB In this paper, we focus on determining the safe operational domain of a coupled actuator-valve configuration. The so-called "smart valves" system has increasingly been used in critical applications and missions including municipal piping networks, oil and gas fields, petrochemical plants, and more importantly, the U.S. Navy ships. A comprehensive dynamic analysis is hence needed to be carried out for capturing dangerous behaviors observed repeatedly in practice. Using some powerful tools of nonlinear dynamic analysis including Lyapunov exponents and Poincare map, a comprehensive stability map is provided in order to determine the safe operational domain of the network in addition to characterizing the responses obtained. Coupled chaotic and hyperchaotic dynamics of two coupled solenoid-actuated butterfly valves are captured by running the network for some critical values through interconnected flow loads affected by the coupled actuators' variables. The significant effect of an unstable configuration of the valve-actuator on another set is thoroughly investigated to discuss the expected stability issues of a remote set due to others and vice versa. C1 [Naseradinmousavi, Peiman] San Diego State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Dynam Syst & Control Lab, San Diego, CA 92115 USA. [Segala, David B.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Nataraj, C.] Villanova Univ, VCADS, Engn Syst, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. RP Naseradinmousavi, P (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Dynam Syst & Control Lab, San Diego, CA 92115 USA. EM pnaseradinmousavi@mail.sdsu.edu; david.segala@navy.mil; nataraj@villanova.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N00014/2008/1/0435] FX The experimental work of this research was supported by the Office of Naval Research Grant No. N00014/2008/1/0435. We appreciate this grant and the advice and direction provided by Mr. Anthony Seman III, the program manager. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1555-1423 EI 1555-1415 J9 J COMPUT NONLIN DYN JI J. Comput. Nonlinear Dyn. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 11 IS 5 AR 051025 DI 10.1115/1.4033610 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA DV7GM UT WOS:000383104400025 ER PT J AU Jordan, SA AF Jordan, Stephen A. TI Axial Flutter Effects on the Axisymmetric Turbulent Boundary Layer Along Long Thin Circular Cylinders SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID WALL-PRESSURE-FLUCTUATIONS; FLAT-PLATE; FLOW; SIMULATIONS; DYNAMICS AB Experimental observations of towed sonar arrays as characterized by long thin circular cylinders indicate transverse motions that are clearly identified by low-amplitudes, low-wavelengths, and low-frequencies. Although the cylinder length (L) to radius (a) is commonly large [L/a = O(10(3))] with high Reynolds numbers [O(10(4))], the corresponding length scale involving the average skin friction [CfL/a = O(10)] remains within the many experimental determinations of short to moderate length cylinders that experience oscillatory instabilities. Prior to the present investigation, any detrimental effects of these oscillatory instabilities on the thin cylinder flow physics that serve construction of the respective semi-empirical and semi-analytical models remained chiefly unknown. Herein, we began examining those turbulent statistics via fine-scale numerical simulations to critique the pragmatic adequacy of the representative design models. We were concerned in particular about the streamwise effects on the turbulent boundary layer (TBL), skin friction and wall pressure evolutions as well as the radial distributions of the leading normal and shear Reynolds stresses. Fortunately, no major deviations (within 10%) were discovered in the TBL statistics over a characteristic range of Reynolds numbers and TBL thicknesses as compared to the axisymmetric state. However, acute spikes (both subharmonics and harmonics) were detected in the wall pressure autospectra similar to that suspected in the towed cylinder experiments, which were conducted in large tow tanks and lake-type basins. These spikes are of paramount importance and should be explored further because they may lead to signal-to-noise ratios above acceptable limits. C1 [Jordan, Stephen A.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Jordan, SA (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM stephen.jordan@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [N0001414AF00673]; In-House Laboratory Independent Research Program at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division Newport FX The author gratefully acknowledges the support of the Office of Naval Research (Dr. Ronald D. Joslin, Program Officer), Contract No. N0001414AF00673, and the In-House Laboratory Independent Research Program (Mr. Neil J. Dubois, Program Coordinator) at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division Newport. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0098-2202 EI 1528-901X J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD SEP PY 2016 VL 138 IS 9 AR 091203 DI 10.1115/1.4033370 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DV2KG UT WOS:000382748700009 ER PT J AU Es-Said, OS Alcisto, J Guerra, J Jones, E Dominguez, A Hahn, M Ula, N Zeng, L Ramsey, B Mulazimoglu, H Li, YJ Miller, M Alrashid, J Papakyriakou, M Kalnaus, S Lee, EW Frazier, WE AF Es-Said, O. S. Alcisto, J. Guerra, J. Jones, E. Dominguez, A. Hahn, M. Ula, N. Zeng, L. Ramsey, B. Mulazimoglu, H. Li, Yong-Jun Miller, M. Alrashid, J. Papakyriakou, M. Kalnaus, S. Lee, E. W. Frazier, W. E. TI Effect of Cadmium Plating Thickness on the Charpy Impact Energy of Hydrogen-Charged 4340 Steel SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE 4340 steel; cadmium plating; Charpy impact test; hydrogen charging ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; INDUCED CRACKING; EMBRITTLEMENT; TRANSPORT; BEHAVIOR; FRACTURE; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEFORMATION AB Hydrogen was intentionally introduced into ultra-high strength steel by cadmium plating. The purpose was to examine the effect of cadmium plate thickness and hence hydrogen on the impact energy of the steel. The AISI 4340 steel was austenitized at 1000 A degrees C for 1 h, water quenched, and tempered at temperatures between 257 and 593 A degrees C in order to achieve a range of targeted strength levels. The specimens were cadmium plated with 0.00508 mm (0.2 mils), 0.00762 mm (0.3 mils), and 0.0127 mm (0.5 mils). Results demonstrated that the uncharged specimens exhibited higher impact energy values when compared to the plated specimens at all tempering temperatures. The cadmium-plated specimens had very low Charpy impact values irrespective of their ultimate tensile strength values. The model of hydrogen transport by mobile dislocations to the fracture site appears to provide the most suitable explanation of the results. C1 [Es-Said, O. S.; Alcisto, J.; Guerra, J.; Jones, E.; Dominguez, A.; Miller, M.; Alrashid, J.; Papakyriakou, M.] Loyola Marymount Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. [Hahn, M.] Northrop Grumman, Mat & Proc F35, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA. [Ula, N.] Loyola Marymount Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. [Zeng, L.; Ramsey, B.] Sargent Aerosp & Def, Torrance, CA 90502 USA. [Mulazimoglu, H.] ALCOA Fastening Syst & Rings, Torrance, CA 90502 USA. [Li, Yong-Jun] Loyola Marymount Univ, Coll Sci & Engn, MANE Labs, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. [Kalnaus, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Engn & Energy Sci Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Lee, E. W.; Frazier, W. E.] Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Es-Said, OS (reprint author), Loyola Marymount Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. EM oessaid@lmu.edu NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 EI 1544-1024 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 25 IS 9 BP 3606 EP 3614 DI 10.1007/s11665-016-2246-6 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DV2JT UT WOS:000382747400008 ER PT J AU Lambrakos, SG AF Lambrakos, S. G. TI Temperature Histories of Structural Steel Welds Calculated Using Solidification-Boundary Constraints SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE modeling and simulation; steel; thermal analysis ID INVERSE THERMAL-ANALYSIS; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; HEAT; DISTORTION; PLATES; MODEL AB Temperature histories of structural steel deep-penetration welds are presented, which are calculated using numerical-analytical basis functions and solidification-boundary constraints. These weld temperature histories can be adopted as input data to various types of computational procedures, which include numerical models for prediction of solid-state phase transformations and mechanical response. In addition, these temperature histories can be used parametrically for inverse thermal analysis of welds corresponding to other welding processes whose process conditions are within similar regimes. The present study applies an inverse thermal analysis procedure that uses three-dimensional constraint conditions whose two-dimensional projections are mapped within transverse cross sections of experimentally measured solidification boundaries. In addition, the present study uses experimentally measured estimates of the heat effect zone edge to examine the consistency of calculated temperature histories for steel welds. C1 [Lambrakos, S. G.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Ctr Computat Mat, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lambrakos, SG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Ctr Computat Mat, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM samuel.lambrakos@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX This work was supported by a Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) internal core program. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 EI 1544-1024 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 25 IS 9 BP 4070 EP 4080 DI 10.1007/s11665-016-2243-9 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DV2JT UT WOS:000382747400056 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Trone, DW Austin, KG Steelman, RA Farina, EK Lieberman, HR AF Knapik, Joseph J. Trone, Daniel W. Austin, Krista G. Steelman, Ryan A. Farina, Emily K. Lieberman, Harris R. TI Prevalence, Adverse Events, and Factors Associated with Dietary Supplement and Nutritional Supplement Use by US Navy and Marine Corps Personnel SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Article DE Vitamin; Mineral; Prohormone; Sport drinks; Sport bars/gels ID ACUTE LIVER-INJURY; WEIGHT-LOSS; UNITED-STATES; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; NATIONAL-HEALTH; NO-XPLODE; CARE UTILIZATION; ACUTE HEPATITIS; OXYELITE PRO; HYDROXYCUT AB Background About 50% of Americans and 60% to 70% of US military personnel use dietary supplements, some of which have been associated with adverse events (AEs). Nutritional supplements like sport drinks and sport bars/gels are also commonly used by athletes and service members. Previous dietary supplement and nutritional supplement surveys were conducted on Army, Air Force, and Coast Guard personnel. Objective The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate dietary and nutritional supplement use in Navy and Marine Corps personnel, including the prevalence, types, factors associated with use, and AEs. Design A random sample of 10,000 Navy and Marine Corps personnel were contacted. Service members were asked to complete a detailed questionnaire describing their personal characteristics, supplement use, and AEs experienced. Results In total, 1,708 service members completed the questionnaire during August through December 2014, with 1,683 used for analysis. Overall, 73% reported using dietary supplements one or more times per week. The most commonly used dietary supplements (used one or more times per week) were multivitamins/multiminerals (48%), protein/amino acids (34%), combination products (33%), and individual vitamins and minerals (29%). About 31% of service members reported using five or more dietary supplements. Sport drinks and sport bars/gels were used by 45% and 23% of service members, respectively. Monthly expenditures on dietary supplements averaged $39; 31% of service members spent >=$50/mo. Multivariate logistic regression modeling indicated that female sex (women/men; odds ratio [OR]=1.76, 95% CI 1.32 to 2.36), higher educational level (college degree/no college degree; OR=2.23, 95% CI 1.62 to 3.30), higher body mass index (calculated as kg/m(2)) (>= 30/<25; OR=1.67, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.63), and a greater amount of resistance training (>= 271/0 to 45 min/week; OR=2.85, 95% CI 1.94 to 4.17) were associated with dietary supplement use. Twenty-two percent of dietary supplement users and 6% of nutritional supplement users reported one or more AEs. For combination products alone, 29% of users reported one or more AEs. Conclusions The prevalence of dietary supplement use in Navy and Marine Corps personnel was considerably higher than reported in civilian investigations for almost all types of dietary supplements, although similar to most other military services. Factors associated with dietary supplement use were similar to those reported in previous military and civilian investigations. Prevalence of self-reported AEs was very high, especially for combination products. C1 [Knapik, Joseph J.; Austin, Krista G.; Farina, Emily K.; Lieberman, Harris R.] US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Mil Nutr Div, 10 Gen Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Knapik, Joseph J.; Steelman, Ryan A.] US Army Publ Hlth Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Knapik, Joseph J.; Austin, Krista G.; Farina, Emily K.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Belcamp, MD USA. [Trone, Daniel W.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Mil Nutr Div, 10 Gen Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM joseph.j.knapik.ctr@mail.mil FU Knowledge Preservation Program at the US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM); Army Institute of Public Health (AIPH); Center Alliance for Nutrition and Dietary Supplement Research FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Knowledge Preservation Program at the US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM) and the Army Institute of Public Health (AIPH) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and USARIEM. Funding was also provided by the Center Alliance for Nutrition and Dietary Supplement Research. NR 81 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 EI 2212-2680 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 116 IS 9 BP 1423 EP 1442 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2016.02.015 PG 20 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DU8QH UT WOS:000382478300009 PM 27083989 ER PT J AU Shen, YC Wu, VY AF Shen, Yu-Chu Wu, Vivian Y. TI Comparison of Long-run Trends in 30-day Readmission by Degrees of Medicare Payment Cuts SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE Medicare payments; 30-day readmission; 1997 Balanced Budget Act ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; BALANCED BUDGET ACT; HOSPITAL READMISSION; WEAK INSTRUMENTS; PATIENT OUTCOMES; HEART-FAILURE; CARE; QUALITY; SYSTEM; IMPLEMENTATION AB Background and Objective: The Affordable Care Act enacted significant Medicare payment reductions to providers, yet long-term effects of such major reductions on patient outcomes remain uncertain. Using the 1997 Balanced Budget Act (BBA) as an experiment, we compare long-run trends in 30-day readmission across hospitals with different amount of payment cuts. Research Design, Subjects, and Measures: Using 100% Medicare claims between 1995 and 2011 and instrumental variable hospital fixed-effects regression models, we compared changes in 30-day readmission trends for 5 leading Medicare conditions between urban hospitals facing small, moderate, and large BBA payment reductions across 4 periods [1995-1997 (pre-BBA period), 1998-2000, 2001-2005, 2006-2001]. Patient sample includes Medicare patients who were admitted to general, acute, urban, short-stay hospitals in the United States 1995-2011. Sample size ranges from 1.4 million patients for acute myocardial infarction to 3 million for pneumonia. Results: We found that 30-day readmission trends diverged post-BBA (2001-2005) between hospitals facing small and large payment cuts, where large-cut hospitals experience slower improvement in readmission rates relative to small-cut hospitals. The gap between small-cut and large-cut hospitals readmission trend was 6% for acute myocardial infarction, 4% for congestive heart failure and pneumonia (all P < 0.01) in the 2001-2005 period. The gaps between hospitals were eliminated by the 2006-2011 period as the effect of BBA naturally dissipated over time. Conclusions: Although payment-cut differences are associated with widening gaps in readmission rates across hospitals, the negative association appears to dissipate in the long run. C1 [Shen, Yu-Chu] Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Shen, Yu-Chu] Natl Bur Econ Res, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wu, Vivian Y.] Univ Southern Calif, Sch Publ Policy, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Shen, YC (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, 555 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM yshen@nps.edu FU Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Office of Actuary [HHSM-500-2013-00232P] FX Supported by the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Office of Actuary (HHSM-500-2013-00232P). NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0025-7079 EI 1537-1948 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD SEP PY 2016 VL 54 IS 9 BP 891 EP 898 DI 10.1097/MLR.0000000000000579 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DU5JJ UT WOS:000382247700012 PM 27261641 ER PT J AU Spanier, JE Fridkin, VM Rappe, AM Akbashev, AR Polemi, A Qi, YB Gu, ZQ Young, SM Hawley, CJ Imbrenda, D Xiao, G Bennett-Jackson, AL Johnson, CL AF Spanier, Jonathan E. Fridkin, Vladimir M. Rappe, Andrew M. Akbashev, Andrew R. Polemi, Alessia Qi, Yubo Gu, Zongquan Young, Steve M. Hawley, Christopher J. Imbrenda, Dominic Xiao, Geoffrey Bennett-Jackson, Andrew L. Johnson, Craig L. TI Power conversion efficiency exceeding the Shockley-Queisser limit in a ferroelectric insulator SO NATURE PHOTONICS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-CELLS; PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; BARIUM-TITANATE; THIN-FILMS; BATIO3; LINBO3; LAYERS AB Ferroelectric absorbers, which promote carrier separation and exhibit above-gap photovoltages, are attractive candidates for constructing efficient solar cells. Using the ferroelectric insulator BaTiO3 we show how photogeneration and the collection of hot, non-equilibrium electrons through the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) yields a greater-than-unity quantum efficiency. Despite absorbing less than a tenth of the solar spectrum, the power conversion efficiency of the BPVE device under 1 sun illumination exceeds the Shockley-Queisser limit for a material of this bandgap. We present data for devices that feature a single-tip electrode contact and an array with 24 tips (total planar area of 1 x 1 mu m(2)) capable of generating a current density of 17 mA cm(-2) under illumination of AM1.5 G. In summary, the BPVE at the nanoscale provides an exciting new route for obtaining high-efficiency photovoltaic solar energy conversion. C1 [Spanier, Jonathan E.; Akbashev, Andrew R.; Polemi, Alessia; Hawley, Christopher J.; Xiao, Geoffrey; Bennett-Jackson, Andrew L.; Johnson, Craig L.] Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Spanier, Jonathan E.; Fridkin, Vladimir M.] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Spanier, Jonathan E.; Gu, Zongquan; Imbrenda, Dominic] Drexel Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fridkin, Vladimir M.] Russian Acad Sci, Shubnikov Inst Crystallog, Leninsky Prospect 59, Moscow 117333, Russia. [Rappe, Andrew M.; Qi, Yubo] Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Young, Steve M.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Spanier, JE (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.; Spanier, JE (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.; Spanier, JE (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM spanier@drexel.edu RI Akbashev, Andrew/A-7533-2010; OI Spanier, Jonathan/0000-0002-3096-2644 FU US Army Research Office [W911NF-14-1-0500]; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER46431]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-14-1-0761]; National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the US Naval Research Laboratory; National Science Foundation [DMR 0722845]; Semiconductor Research Corporation under Beyond Program [DMR 1124696]; Semiconductor Research Corporation under Nanoelectronics FX The authors thank L. Tan, F. Zheng, E. J. Mele, J. B. Baxter and I. Grinberg for discussions. J.E.S. acknowledges the support of the US Army Research Office through grant no. W911NF-14-1-0500. A.M.R. acknowledges the support of the Department of Energy through grant no. DE-FG02-07ER46431. Y.Q. and C.J.H. acknowledge the support of the Office of Naval Research through grant no. N00014-14-1-0761. S.M.Y. was supported by a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the US Naval Research Laboratory. The authors acknowledge core materials characterization facilities at Drexel for access to electron and focused ion beam microscopy, including instrumentation supported by the National Science Foundation under grant no. DMR 0722845. The authors also acknowledge additional support from the National Science Foundation and the Semiconductor Research Corporation under the Nanoelectronics in 2020 and Beyond Program under grant no. DMR 1124696. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 50 U2 51 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1749-4885 EI 1749-4893 J9 NAT PHOTONICS JI Nat. Photonics PD SEP PY 2016 VL 10 IS 9 BP 611 EP 616 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA DV3DF UT WOS:000382800500016 ER PT J AU Ozgokmen, TM Chassignet, EP Dawson, CN Dukhovskoy, D Jacobs, G Ledwell, J Garcia-Pineda, O MacDonald, IR Morey, SL Olascoaga, MJ Poje, AC Reed, M Skancke, J AF Ozgokmen, Tamay M. Chassignet, Eric P. Dawson, Clint N. Dukhovskoy, Dmitry Jacobs, Gregg Ledwell, James Garcia-Pineda, Oscar MacDonald, Ian R. Morey, Steven L. Olascoaga, Maria Josefina Poje, Andrew C. Reed, Mark Skancke, Jorgen TI Over What Area Did the Oil and Gas Spread During the 2010 Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill? SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; NETWORK ALGORITHM TCNNA; SUBMESOSCALE TRANSITION; DISPERSANT INJECTION; MESOPHOTIC REEFS; DROPLET BREAKUP; SUBSURFACE OIL; BUBBLE PLUMES; DRIFTER DATA AB The 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico resulted in the collection of a vast amount of situ and remotely sensed data that can be used to determine the spatiotemporal extent of the oil spill and test advances in oil spill models, verifying their utility for future operational use. This article summarizes observations of hydrocarbon dispersion collected at the surface and at depth and our current understanding of the factors that affect the dispersion, as well as our improved ability to model and predict oil and gas transport. As a direct result of studying the area where oil and gas spread during the DWH oil spill, our forecasting capabilities have been greatly enhanced. State-of-the-art oil spill models now include the ability to simulate the rise of a buoyant plume of oil from sources at the seabed to the surface. A number of efforts have focused on improving our understanding of the influences of the near-surface oceanic layer and the atmospheric boundary layer on oil spill dispersion, including the effects of waves. In the future, oil spill modeling routines will likely be included in Earth system modeling environments, which will link physical models (hydrodynamic, surface wave, and atmospheric) with marine sediment and biogeochemical components. C1 [Ozgokmen, Tamay M.] Univ Miami, RSMAS, Dept Ocean Sci, Miami, FL 33146 USA. [Chassignet, Eric P.; Dukhovskoy, Dmitry; Morey, Steven L.] Florida State Univ, COAPS, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Chassignet, Eric P.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci EOAS, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Dawson, Clint N.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Jacobs, Gregg] Naval Res Lab, Ocean Dynam & Predict Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Ledwell, James] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Garcia-Pineda, Oscar] WaterMapping LLC, Tallahassee, FL USA. [MacDonald, Ian R.] Florida State Univ, EOAS, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Olascoaga, Maria Josefina] Univ Miami, RSMAS, Miami, FL USA. [Poje, Andrew C.] CUNY, Dept Math, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Reed, Mark; Skancke, Jorgen] SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway. RP Ozgokmen, TM (reprint author), Univ Miami, RSMAS, Dept Ocean Sci, Miami, FL 33146 USA. EM tozgokmen@rsmas.miami.edu FU BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative; Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) [M12PC00003]; Deep-C Consortia FX This research was made possible by a grant from BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative to the CARTHE and Deep-C Consortia, and by contract M12PC00003 from the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM). We would like to acknowledge Alex Fabregat for Figure 2, Eric D'Asaro for the lower panel of Figure 3, and Edward Ryan for the upper panel of Figure 4. NR 71 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 20 U2 20 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD SEP PY 2016 VL 29 IS 3 SI SI BP 96 EP 107 DI 10.5670/oceanog.2016.74 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DU6OM UT WOS:000382334500016 ER PT J AU Wilson, RM Mahmud, KW Hu, AZ Gorshkov, AV Hafezi, M Foss-Feig, M AF Wilson, Ryan M. Mahmud, Khan W. Hu, Anzi Gorshkov, Alexey V. Hafezi, Mohammad Foss-Feig, Michael TI Collective phases of strongly interacting cavity photons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; QUANTUM NONLINEAR OPTICS; RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; SINGLE-ATOM; BISTABILITY; DYNAMICS; SIMULATION; TRANSITIONS; POLARITONS; SYSTEMS AB We study a coupled array of coherently driven photonic cavities, which maps onto a driven-dissipative XY spin-1/2 model with ferromagnetic couplings in the limit of strong optical nonlinearities. Using a site-decoupled mean-field approximation, we identify steady-state phases with canted antiferromagnetic order, in addition to limit cycle phases, where oscillatory dynamics persist indefinitely. We also identify collective bistable phases, where the system supports two steady states among spatially uniform, antiferromagnetic, and limit cycle phases. We compare these mean-field results to exact quantum trajectory simulations for finite one-dimensional arrays. The exact results exhibit short-range antiferromagnetic order for parameters that have significant overlap with the mean-field phase diagram. In the mean-field bistable regime, the exact quantum dynamics exhibits real-time collective switching between macroscopically distinguishable states. We present a clear physical picture for this dynamics and establish a simple relationship between the switching times and properties of the quantum Liouvillian. C1 [Wilson, Ryan M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Wilson, Ryan M.; Gorshkov, Alexey V.; Hafezi, Mohammad] Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Mahmud, Khan W.; Gorshkov, Alexey V.; Hafezi, Mohammad; Foss-Feig, Michael] Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hu, Anzi] Amer Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Gorshkov, Alexey V.] Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Ctr Quantum Informat & Comp Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hafezi, Mohammad] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hafezi, Mohammad] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Foss-Feig, Michael] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wilson, RM (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.; Wilson, RM (reprint author), Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RI Gorshkov, Alexey/A-9848-2008 OI Gorshkov, Alexey/0000-0003-0509-3421 FU NSF [NSF PHY11-25915]; ONR; ARO; ARO MURI; ARL; AFOSR; Sloan Foundation; NSF PIF, at the JQI; NSF PFC at the JQI FX We thank Mohammad Maghrebi, Sarang Gopalakrishnan, and Jeremy Young for insightful discussions. R.W., K.M., A.G., and M.H. thank the KITP for hospitality. We acknowledge partial support from the NSF, ONR, ARO, ARO MURI, ARL, AFOSR, NSF PIF, and NSF PFC at the JQI, as well as the Sloan Foundation. This research was supported in part by the NSF under Grant No. NSF PHY11-25915. NR 85 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 8 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 3 AR 033801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.033801 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA DV3AY UT WOS:000382794600007 ER PT J AU Qiao, JC Casalini, R Pelletier, JM Yao, Y AF Qiao, J. C. Casalini, R. Pelletier, J. M. Yao, Y. TI Dynamics of the strong metallic glass Zn38Mg12Ca32Yb18 SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE Metallic glass; Dynamic mechanical relaxation; Main relaxation; Excess wing; Fragility ID MAIN ALPHA RELAXATION; MECHANICAL SPECTROSCOPY; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; BETA-RELAXATION; FORMING LIQUIDS; AMORPHOUS ALLOY; TRANSITION; FRAGILITY; FORMERS; MODEL AB Zn38Mg12Ca32Yb18 bulk metallic glass (BMG) presents higher corrosion resistance, lower glass transition temperature and lower density than most BMGs. Dynamic properties of Zn38Mg12Ca32Yb18 BMG were investigated by mechanical spectroscopy. The structural (alpha) process in the isothermal spectra is well described by a Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) function with beta(KWW) = 0.505. At high frequency, an extra contribution to the at process (i.e. an excess wing) is observed with a much smaller frequency dependence of the loss shear modulus G ''(f) similar to f(-0.37), indicating the presence of a submerged secondary peak The temperature behaviour of the alpha relaxation time, tau(alpha), is characterized by a very small steepness index (i.e. strong behaviour). We find that results for this BMG show a deviation of the correlation between fragility and beta(KWW) generally found in glass formers. Results in the literature for other BMGs suggest that this deviation may not be an exception for BMGs, since very similar values of beta(KWW) (similar to 0.5) have been found for BMGs independently of their steepness index. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Qiao, J. C.; Yao, Y.] Northwestern Polytech Univ, Sch Mech Civil Engn & Architecture, Xian 710072, Peoples R China. [Qiao, J. C.; Pelletier, J. M.] Univ Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, MATEIS UMR5510, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France. [Casalini, R.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Qiao, JC (reprint author), Northwestern Polytech Univ, Sch Mech Civil Engn & Architecture, Xian 710072, Peoples R China.; Casalini, R (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM qjczy@hotmail.com; riccardo.casalini@nrl.navy.mil RI Yao, Yao/K-3129-2012 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51401192, 51301136]; Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province [2016JM5009]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [3102015ZY027, 3102015BJ(II)JGZ019]; Aeronautical Science Foundation of China [2015ZF53072]; Office of Naval Research at NRL FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51401192 and 51301136), the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (No. 2016JM5009), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. 3102015ZY027 and 3102015BJ(II)JGZ019), and the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (2015ZF53072). IZ Casalini acknowledges the support of the Office of Naval Research for the work at NRL. J.C. Qiao thanks W.H. Wang's group (Institute of Physics, CAS) for providing the samples. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 EI 1873-4812 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 447 BP 85 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2016.05.039 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DT9RY UT WOS:000381841200013 ER PT J AU Shen, YT Hughes, MJ AF Shen, Young T. Hughes, Michael J. TI Appendage Drag Prediction on Submerged Axisymmetric Bodies SO JOURNAL OF SHIP RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics (general); resistance (general); boundary layer ID BODY JUNCTION; FILLET AB A new appendage resistance prediction method, which mitigates the technical issues with the existing test procedure, has been developed and presented in this paper. The primary aspects of the new method are 1) the Froude's equivalent flat plate friction drag concept extensively used in the marine industry will not be used in the present method, instead, an aerodynamic profile drag concept for resistance prediction is presented, 2) the turbulent stimulators extensively used in existing model appendage resistance tests will not be used in the proposed test procedure, which eliminates the need for high-speed tests and the problematic issue of estimating the parasitic drag associated with turbulence stimulators, 3) the important juncture vortex drag associated with appendages is considered, 4) the effective velocity entering the stern appendages on resistance is considered, 5) the new scaling formula to relate model profile drag and juncture vortex drag to full-scale appendage drag is developed and presented in this paper. C1 [Shen, Young T.; Hughes, Michael J.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Shen, YT (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. FU Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division NISE program FX This work is supported by the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division NISE program directed by Dr. Jack Price. Valuable technical comments and suggestions by Mr. Jude Brown, Dave Grant and Dr. David Hess are greatly appreciated. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SOC NAVAL ARCHITECTS MARINE ENGINEERS PI JERSEY CITY PA 601 PAVONIA AVENUE, JERSEY CITY, NJ 07306 USA SN 0022-4502 EI 1542-0604 J9 J SHIP RES JI J. Ship Res. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 60 IS 3 BP 156 EP 170 DI 10.5957/JOSR.60.3.160007 PG 15 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA DU3FN UT WOS:000382096300003 ER PT J AU Benoit, SG Chalivendra, VB Rice, MA Doleski, RF AF Benoit, Samuel G. Chalivendra, Vijaya B. Rice, Matthew A. Doleski, Robert F. TI Characterization of the Microstructure, Fracture, and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys 7085-O and 7175-T7452 Hollow Cylinder Extrusions SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CRACK-GROWTH-RATE; DUCTILE FRACTURE; STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR; DEFORMATION; TOUGHNESS; TENSILE AB Microstructural, tensile, and fracture characterizations of cylindrically forged forms of aluminum alloys AA7085-O and AA7175-T7452 were performed. Mechanical and fracture properties were investigated along radial, circumferential, and longitudinal directions to determine directional dependency. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) test methods (ASTM E8-04 and ASTM E1820) were employed for both the tensile and fracture characterizations, respectively. The tensile and fracture properties were related to microstructure in each direction. The strength, elongation at break, and ultimate tensile strength of AA7085-O were higher than those of AA7175-T7452. AA7175-T7452 alloy failed in a brittle manner during fracture studies. AA7085-O outperformed AA7175-T7452 on fracture energy in all of the orientations studied. Smaller grain sizes on the planes normal to circumferential and longitudinal directions showed improvement in both elongation at break and fracture energy values compared to those of radial direction. Scanning electron microscopy images demonstrated cleavage fracture in AA7175-T7452 and transgranular fracture in AA7085-O. C1 [Benoit, Samuel G.] Cheer Pack North Amer, West Bridgewater, MA 02379 USA. [Chalivendra, Vijaya B.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Mech Engn, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. [Rice, Matthew A.; Doleski, Robert F.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Chalivendra, VB (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Mech Engn, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. EM vchalivendra@umassd.edu FU Associate Provost's Office at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth FX The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Associate Provost's Office at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 47A IS 9 BP 4476 EP 4483 DI 10.1007/s11661-016-3624-2 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DS3ZQ UT WOS:000380721600015 ER PT J AU Christlieb, AJ Gottlieb, S Grant, Z Seal, DC AF Christlieb, Andrew J. Gottlieb, Sigal Grant, Zachary Seal, David C. TI Explicit Strong Stability Preserving Multistage Two-Derivative Time-Stepping Schemes SO JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Hyperbolic conservation laws; Strong stability preserving time stepping methods; Taylor series methods; Runge-Kutta methods; Multistage multiderivative methods; Weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) methods ID RUNGE-KUTTA METHODS; ESSENTIALLY NONOSCILLATORY SCHEMES; HIGH-ORDER; DISCRETIZATION METHODS; EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION; CONSERVATION-LAWS; DERIVATIVES AB High order strong stability preserving (SSP) time discretizations are advantageous for use with spatial discretizations with nonlinear stability properties for the solution of hyperbolic PDEs. The search for high order strong stability time-stepping methods with large allowable strong stability time-step has been an active area of research over the last two decades. Recently, multiderivative time-stepping methods have been implemented with hyperbolic PDEs. In this work we describe sufficient conditions for a two-derivative multistage method to be SSP, and find some optimal SSP multistage two-derivative methods. While explicit SSP Runge-Kutta methods exist only up to fourth order, we show that this order barrier is broken for explicit multi-stage two-derivative methods by designing a three stage fifth order SSP method. These methods are tested on simple scalar PDEs to verify the order of convergence, and demonstrate the need for the SSP condition and the sharpness of the SSP time-step in many cases. C1 [Christlieb, Andrew J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Dept Computat Math Sci & Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Christlieb, Andrew J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Math, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Gottlieb, Sigal; Grant, Zachary] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. [Seal, David C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Grant, Z (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. EM zgrant@umassd.edu FU AFOSR [FA9550-12-1-0224, FA9550-12-1-0343, FA9550-12-1-0455, FA9550-15-1-0282, FA9550-15-1-0235]; NSF [DMS-1418804]; New Mexico Consortium [NMC0155-01]; NASA [NMX15AP39G] FX This work was supported by: AFOSR Grants FA9550-12-1-0224, FA9550-12-1-0343, FA9550-12-1-0455, FA9550-15-1-0282, and FA9550-15-1-0235; NSF Grant DMS-1418804; New Mexico Consortium Grant NMC0155-01; and NASA Grant NMX15AP39G. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0885-7474 EI 1573-7691 J9 J SCI COMPUT JI J. Sci. Comput. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 68 IS 3 BP 914 EP 942 DI 10.1007/s10915-016-0164-2 PG 29 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA DS3OY UT WOS:000380693700002 ER PT J AU Abdi, DS Giraldo, FX AF Abdi, Daniel S. Giraldo, Francis X. TI Efficient construction of unified continuous and discontinuous Galerkin formulations for the 3D Euler equations SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE NUMA; Continuous Galerkin; Discontinuous Galerkin ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; SPECTRAL-ELEMENT; DYNAMICAL CORE; MODEL; DIFFUSION AB A unified approach for the numerical solution of the 3D hyperbolic Euler equations using high order methods, namely continuous Galerkin (CG) and discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods, is presented. First, we examine how classical CG that uses a global storage scheme can be constructed within the DG framework using constraint imposition techniques commonly used in the finite element literature. Then, we implement and test a simplified version in the Non-hydrostatic Unified Model of the Atmosphere (NUMA) for the case of explicit time integration and a diagonal mass matrix. Constructing CG within the DG framework allows CG to benefit from the desirable properties of DG such as, easier hp-refinement, better stability etc. Moreover, this representation allows for regional mixing of CG and DG depending on the flow regime in an area. The different flavors of CG and DG in the unified implementation are then tested for accuracy and performance using a suite of benchmark problems representative of cloud-resolving scale, meso-scale and global-scale atmospheric dynamics. The value of our unified approach is that we are able to show how to carry both CG and DG methods within the same code and also offer a simple recipe for modifying an existing CG code to DG and vice versa. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Abdi, Daniel S.; Giraldo, Francis X.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA USA. RP Abdi, DS (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA USA. EM dsabdi@nps.edu; fxgirald@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research [PE-0602435N] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Office of Naval Research through program element PE-0602435N. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 320 BP 46 EP 68 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2016.05.033 PG 23 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA DN4NQ UT WOS:000377044700005 ER PT J AU Yager, RR Petry, F AF Yager, Ronald R. Petry, Fred TI An intelligent quality-based approach to fusing multi-source probabilistic information SO INFORMATION FUSION LA English DT Article DE Fusion; Entropy; Credibility; Quality-based ID ENTROPY AB Our objective here is to obtain quality-fused values from multiple sources of probabilistic distributions, where quality is related to the lack of uncertainty in the fused value and the use of credible sources. We first introduce a vector representation for a probability distribution. With the aid of the Gini formulation of entropy, we show how the norm of the vector provides a measure of the certainty, i.e., information, associated with a probability distribution. We look at two special cases of fusion for source inputs those that are maximally uncertain and certain. We provide a measure of credibility associated with subsets of sources. We look at the issue of finding the highest quality fused value from the weighted aggregations of source provided probability distributions. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Yager, Ronald R.] Iona Coll, Inst Machine Intelligence, New Rochelle, NY 10801 USA. [Petry, Fred] Naval Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Geospatial Sci & Technol Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Yager, RR (reprint author), Iona Coll, Inst Machine Intelligence, New Rochelle, NY 10801 USA. EM yager@panix.com; fred.petry@nrlssc.navy.mil FU ONR grant award; Naval Research Laboratory's Base Program [0602435N] FX Ronald Yager was supported in part by an ONR grant award. Fred Petry would like to thank the Naval Research Laboratory's Base Program, Program Element No. 0602435N for their sponsorship. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-2535 EI 1872-6305 J9 INFORM FUSION JI Inf. Fusion PD SEP PY 2016 VL 31 BP 127 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.inffus.2016.02.005 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA DI6ZL UT WOS:000373648800011 ER PT J AU Nedoluha, GE Connor, BJ Mooney, T Barrett, JW Parrish, A Gomez, RM Boyd, I Allen, DR Kotkamp, M Kremser, S Deshler, T Newman, P Santee, ML AF Nedoluha, Gerald E. Connor, Brian J. Mooney, Thomas Barrett, James W. Parrish, Alan Gomez, R. Michael Boyd, Ian Allen, Douglas R. Kotkamp, Michael Kremser, Stefanie Deshler, Terry Newman, Paul Santee, Michelle L. TI 20 years of ClO measurements in the Antarctic lower stratosphere SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHLORINE MONOXIDE; SPRING STRATOSPHERE; LOW ALTITUDES; OZONE; REANALYSIS; SATELLITE; CHEMISTRY; CIO AB We present 20 years (1996-2015) of austral springtime measurements of chlorine monoxide (ClO) over Antarctica from the Chlorine Oxide Experiment (ChlOE1) ground-based millimeter wave spectrometer at Scott Base, Antarctica, as well 12 years (2004-2015) of ClO measurements from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS). From August onwards we observe a strong increase in lower stratospheric ClO, with a peak column amount usually occurring in early September. From mid-September onwards we observe a strong decrease in ClO. In order to study interannual differences, we focus on a 3-week period from 28 August to 17 September for each year and compare the average column ClO anomalies. These column ClO anomalies are shown to be highly correlated with the average ozone mass deficit for September and October of each year. We also show that anomalies in column ClO are strongly anti-correlated with 30 hPa temperature anomalies, both on a daily and an interannual timescale. Making use of this anti-correlation we calculate the linear dependence of the interannual variations in column ClO on interannual variations in temperature. By making use of this relationship, we can better estimate the underlying trend in the total chlorine (Cl-y = HCl + ClONO2 + HOCl + 2 x Cl-2 + 2 x Cl2O2 + ClO + Cl). The resultant trends in Cl-y, which determine the long-term trend in ClO, are estimated to be -0.5 +/- 0.2, -1.4 +/- 0.9, and -0.6 +/- 0.4% year(-1), for zonal MLS, Scott Base MLS (both 2004-2015), and ChlOE (1996-2015) respectively. These trends are within 1 sigma of trends in stratospheric Cl-y previously found at other latitudes. The decrease in ClO is consistent with the trend expected from regulations enacted under the Montreal Protocol. C1 [Nedoluha, Gerald E.; Gomez, R. Michael; Allen, Douglas R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Connor, Brian J.; Mooney, Thomas; Boyd, Ian] BC Sci Consulting LLC, Stony Brook, NY USA. [Barrett, James W.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Parrish, Alan] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Kotkamp, Michael] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Lauder, New Zealand. [Kremser, Stefanie] Bodeker Sci, Alexandra, New Zealand. [Deshler, Terry] Univ Wyoming, Dept Atmospher Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Newman, Paul] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Santee, Michelle L.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. RP Nedoluha, GE (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM nedoluha@nrl.navy.mil OI /0000-0002-3573-7083 FU NASA under the Upper Atmosphere Research Program; Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX This project was funded by NASA under the Upper Atmosphere Research Program, by the Naval Research Laboratory, and by the Office of Naval Research. We would like to acknowledge the many Antarctica New Zealand technicians who have supported the daily operation of ChlOE over two decades of measurements. We also acknowledge the logistical support that Antarctica New Zealand has supplied over this period. Work at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, was carried out under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Sonde temperature data were collected under support from the National Science Foundation. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 30 PY 2016 VL 16 IS 16 BP 10725 EP 10734 DI 10.5194/acp-16-10725-2016 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DW6EZ UT WOS:000383743600002 ER PT J AU Linder, J Halterman, K AF Linder, Jacob Halterman, Klaus TI Graphene-based extremely wide-angle tunable metamaterial absorber SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID NEAR-ZERO METAMATERIAL; HYPERBOLIC METAMATERIALS; PERFECT ABSORPTION; TERAHERTZ; PLASMONICS AB We investigate the absorption properties of graphene-based anisotropic metamaterial structures where the metamaterial layer possesses an electromagnetic response corresponding to a near-zero permittivity. We find that through analytical and numerical studies, near perfect absorption arises over an unusually broad range of beam incidence angles. Due to the presence of graphene, the absorption is tunable via a gate voltage, providing dynamic control of the energy transmission. We show that this strongly enhanced absorption arises due to a coupling between light and a fast wave-mode propagating along the graphene/ metamaterial hybrid. C1 [Linder, Jacob] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, NTNU, Dept Phys, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. [Halterman, Klaus] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Michelson Lab, Div Phys, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Halterman, K (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Michelson Lab, Div Phys, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM klaus.halterman@navy.mil FU Outstanding Academic Fellows programme at NTNU; Norwegian Research Council [205591, 216700, 240806]; NAWC Nanomaterials Core ST Network; Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program FX J.L. acknowledges support from the Outstanding Academic Fellows programme at NTNU and the Norwegian Research Council Grant No. 205591, No. 216700, and No. 240806. K.H. was supported in part by the NAWC Nanomaterials Core S&T Network and a grant from the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program. NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 89 U2 103 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD AUG 24 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 31225 DI 10.1038/srep31225 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DU1JH UT WOS:000381963500001 PM 27554137 ER PT J AU Palastro, JP Penano, J Nelson, W DiComo, G Helle, M Johnson, LA Hafizi, B AF Palastro, J. P. Penano, J. Nelson, W. DiComo, G. Helle, M. Johnson, L. A. Hafizi, B. TI Reciprocity breaking during nonlinear propagation of adapted beams through random media SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; LASER-BEAM; OPTIMIZATION AB Adaptive optics (AO) systems rely on the principle of reciprocity, or symmetry with respect to the interchange of point sources and receivers. These systems use the light received from a low power emitter on or near a target to compensate phase aberrations acquired by a laser beam during linear propagation through random media. If, however, the laser beam propagates nonlinearly, reciprocity is broken, potentially undermining AO correction. Here we examine the consequences of this breakdown, providing the first analysis of AO applied to high peak power laser beams. While discussed for general random and nonlinear media, we consider specific examples of Kerr-nonlinear, turbulent atmosphere. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Palastro, J. P.; Penano, J.; Helle, M.; Johnson, L. A.; Hafizi, B.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nelson, W.; DiComo, G.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [DiComo, G.] Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP Palastro, JP (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.palastro@nrl.navy.mil FU Joint Technology Office; Office of Naval Research FX Joint Technology Office; Office of Naval Research. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD AUG 22 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 17 BP 18817 EP 18827 DI 10.1364/OE.24.018817 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA DY6KV UT WOS:000385227100001 PM 27557166 ER PT J AU Growden, TA Storm, DF Zhang, WD Brown, ER Meyer, DJ Fakhimi, P Berger, PR AF Growden, Tyler A. Storm, David F. Zhang, Weidong Brown, Elliott R. Meyer, David J. Fakhimi, Parastou Berger, Paul R. TI Highly repeatable room temperature negative differential resistance in AlN/GaN resonant tunneling diodes grown by molecular beam epitaxy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAN; HETEROSTRUCTURES AB AlN/GaN resonant tunneling diodes grown on low dislocation density semi-insulating bulk GaN substrates via plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy are reported. The devices were fabricated using a six mask level, fully isolated process. Stable room temperature negative differential resistance (NDR) was observed across the entire sample. The NDR exhibited no hysteresis, background light sensitivity, or degradation of any kind after more than 1000 continuous up-and-down voltage sweeps. The sample exhibited a similar to 90% yield of operational devices which routinely displayed an average peak current density of 2.7 kA/cm(2) and a peak-to-valley current ratio of approximate to 1.15 across different sizes. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Growden, Tyler A.; Fakhimi, Parastou; Berger, Paul R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Storm, David F.; Meyer, David J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zhang, Weidong; Brown, Elliott R.] Wright State Univ, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Zhang, Weidong; Brown, Elliott R.] Wright State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Berger, Paul R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Berger, PR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.; Berger, PR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM pberger@ieee.org RI Berger, Paul/I-4063-2014; OI Berger, Paul/0000-0002-2656-2349; Growden, Tyler/0000-0002-9026-0142 FU Office of Naval Research under the "DATE" MURI program [N00014-11-1-0721] FX The authors would like to acknowledge funding from Office of Naval Research under the "DATE" MURI program (N00014-11-1-0721, program manager: Dr. Paul Maki). The authors would like to thank Dr. Brian P. Downey and Jeffrey Daulton for helpful discussions regarding processing techniques. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 22 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 8 AR 083504 DI 10.1063/1.4961442 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DW7RO UT WOS:000383849000048 ER PT J AU Keppel, AG Breitburg, DL Burrell, RB AF Keppel, Andrew G. Breitburg, Denise L. Burrell, Rebecca B. TI Effects of Co-Varying Diel-Cycling Hypoxia and pH on Growth in the Juvenile Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea virginica SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CHESAPEAKE BAY; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; MYTILUS-EDULIS; EPISODIC HYPOXIA; FRESH-WATER; HABITAT DEGRADATION; MULTIPLE STRESSORS; FOOD AVAILABILITY; DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; PATUXENT RIVER AB Shallow water provides important habitat for many species, but also exposes these organisms to daily fluctuations in dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH caused by cycles in the balance between photosynthesis and respiration that can contribute to repeated, brief periods of hypoxia and low pH (caused by elevated pCO(2)). The amplitude of these cycles, and the severity and duration of hypoxia and hypercapnia that result, can be increased by eutrophication, and are predicted to worsen with climate change. We conducted laboratory experiments to test the effects of both diel-cycling and constant low DO and pH (elevated pCO(2)) on growth of the juvenile eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica), an economically and ecologically important estuarine species. Severe diel-cycling hypoxia (to 0.5 mg O-2 L-1) reduced shell growth in juvenile oysters, as did constant hypoxia (1.2 and 2.0 mg O-2 L-1), although effects varied among experiments, oyster ages, and exposure durations. Dielcycling pH reduced growth only in experiments in which calcite saturation state cycled to <= 0.10 and only during the initial weeks of these experiments. In other cases, cycling pH sometimes led to increased growth rates. Comparisons of treatment effects across multiple weeks of exposure, and during a longer post-experiment field deployment, indicated that juvenile oysters can acclimate to, and in some cases compensate for initial reductions in growth. As a result, some ecosystem services dependent on juvenile oyster growth rates may be preserved even under severe cycling hypoxia and pH. C1 [Keppel, Andrew G.] US Naval Acad, Dept Oceanog, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Keppel, Andrew G.; Breitburg, Denise L.; Burrell, Rebecca B.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD USA. RP Keppel, AG (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Oceanog, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.; Keppel, AG (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD USA. EM Keppel@usna.edu FU NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research [NA10NOS4780138]; Smithsonian Hunterdon and Johnson Endowments; NSF REU program FX This work was funded by a grant to Denise Breitburg from the NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (NA10NOS4780138). In addition, the Smithsonian Hunterdon and Johnson Endowments provided funding for technical staff and the NSF REU program supported some interns who worked on the project. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 22 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 22 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 8 AR e0161088 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0161088 PG 31 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DT8TP UT WOS:000381768400029 PM 27548256 ER PT J AU Robinson, ZR Jernigan, GG Wheeler, VD Hernandez, SC Eddy, CR Mowll, TR Ong, EW Ventrice, CA Geisler, H Pletikosic, I Yang, H Valla, T AF Robinson, Zachary R. Jernigan, Glenn G. Wheeler, Virginia D. Hernandez, Sandra C. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Mowll, Tyler R. Ong, Eng Wen Ventrice, Carl A., Jr. Geisler, Heike Pletikosic, Ivo Yang, Hongbo Valla, Tonica TI Growth and characterization of Al2O3 films on fluorine functionalized epitaxial graphene SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; SILICON-CARBIDE; TRANSISTORS; OXIDES AB Intelligent engineering of graphene-based electronic devices on SiC(0001) requires a better understanding of processes used to deposit gate-dielectric materials on graphene. Recently, Al2O3 dielectrics have been shown to form conformal, pinhole-free thin films by functionalizing the top surface of the graphene with fluorine prior to atomic layer deposition (ALD) of the Al2O3 using a trimethylaluminum (TMA) precursor. In this work, the functionalization and ALD-precursor adsorption processes have been studied with angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, low energy electron diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It has been found that the functionalization process has a negligible effect on the electronic structure of the graphene, and that it results in a twofold increase in the adsorption of the ALD-precursor. In situ TMA-dosing and XPS studies were also performed on three different Si(100) substrates that were terminated with H, OH, or dangling Si-bonds. This dosing experiment revealed that OH is required for TMA adsorption. Based on those data along with supportive in situ measurements that showed F-functionalization increases the amount of oxygen (in the form of adsorbed H2O) on the surface of the graphene, a model for TMA-adsorption on graphene is proposed that is based on a reaction of a TMA molecule with OH. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Robinson, Zachary R.] Coll Brockport, Dept Phys, Brockport, NY 14420 USA. [Jernigan, Glenn G.; Wheeler, Virginia D.; Hernandez, Sandra C.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mowll, Tyler R.; Ong, Eng Wen] SUNY Albany, Coll Nanoscale Sci & Engn, Albany, NY 12203 USA. [Ventrice, Carl A., Jr.] SUNY Polytech Inst, Coll Nanoscale Sci, Albany, NY 12203 USA. [Geisler, Heike] SUNY Coll Oneonta, Dept Chem & Biochem, Oneonta, NY 13820 USA. [Pletikosic, Ivo; Yang, Hongbo; Valla, Tonica] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Brookhaven, NY 11973 USA. RP Robinson, ZR (reprint author), Coll Brockport, Dept Phys, Brockport, NY 14420 USA. EM ZRobinso@Brockport.edu FU Office of Naval Research; National Science Foundation [DMR-1006411]; BNL [DE-SC0012704]; ASEE FX Work at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory is supported by the Office of Naval Research. The NRL group and Z.R.R. acknowledge the postdoctoral for postdoctoral support. The SUNY Poly/UAlbany group acknowledges the support from the National Science Foundation (No. DMR-1006411). The ARPES experiments were performed under the BNL Grant No. DE-SC0012704. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 21 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 7 AR 075302 DI 10.1063/1.4960803 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DW6VA UT WOS:000383788300030 ER PT J AU Zhang, XX Gantefor, G Eichhorn, B Mayo, D Sawyer, WH Gill, AF Kandalam, AK Schnockel, H Bowen, K AF Zhang, Xinxing Gantefor, Gerd Eichhorn, Bryan Mayo, Dennis Sawyer, William H. Gill, Ann F. Kandalam, Anil K. Schnockel, Hansgeorg Bowen, Kit TI Low oxidation state aluminum-containing cluster anions: Cp*AlnH-, n=1-3 SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; COMPOUND; ENERGY; CHEMISTRY; FRAMEWORK; ATOMS AB Three new, low oxidation state, aluminum-containing cluster anions, Cp*AlnH-, n = 1-3, were prepared via reactions between aluminum hydride cluster anions, AlnHm-, and Cp*H ligands. These were characterized by mass spectrometry, anion photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory based calculations. Agreement between the experimentally and theoretically determined vertical detachment energies and adiabatic detachment energies validated the computed geometrical structures. Reactions between aluminum hydride cluster anions and ligands provide a new avenue for discovering low oxidation state, ligated aluminum clusters. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Zhang, Xinxing; Gantefor, Gerd; Bowen, Kit] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Eichhorn, Bryan] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mayo, Dennis] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, EOD Technol Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. [Sawyer, William H.; Gill, Ann F.; Kandalam, Anil K.] Chester Univ PA, Dept Phys, W Chester, PA 19383 USA. [Schnockel, Hansgeorg] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Inorgan Chem, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Bowen, K (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; Kandalam, AK (reprint author), Chester Univ PA, Dept Phys, W Chester, PA 19383 USA. EM AKandalam@wcupa.edu; kbowen@jhu.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-15-1-0259] FX The experimental part of this material is based upon work supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) under Grant No. FA9550-15-1-0259 (K.H.B.). The computational portion of this work was supported by the WCUPA College of Arts and Sciences, Student Engagement Grant (A.K.K.). NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 18 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 21 PY 2016 VL 145 IS 7 AR 074305 DI 10.1063/1.4959847 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DT7QG UT WOS:000381680700024 ER PT J AU Reep, JW Warren, HP Crump, NA Simoes, PJA AF Reep, Jeffrey W. Warren, Harry P. Crump, Nicholas A. Simoes, Paulo J. A. TI TRANSITION REGION AND CHROMOSPHERIC SIGNATURES OF IMPULSIVE HEATING EVENTS. II. MODELING SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; Sun: flares; Sun: transition region ID SOLAR-FLARE LOOPS; HARD X-RAY; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS; IMAGING SPECTROMETER; ATOMIC DATABASE; EMISSION; EVAPORATION; RHESSI; IRIS AB Results from the Solar Maximum Mission showed a close connection between the hard X-ray (HXR) and transition region (TR) emission in solar flares. Analogously, the modern combination of RHESSI and IRIS data can inform the details of heating processes in ways that were never before possible. We study a small event that was observed with RHESSI, IRIS, SDO, and Hinode, allowing us to strongly constrain the heating and hydrodynamical properties of the flare, with detailed observations presented in a previous paper. Long duration redshifts of TR lines observed in this event, as well as many other events, are fundamentally incompatible with chromospheric condensation on a single loop. We combine RHESSI and IRIS data to measure the energy partition among the many magnetic strands that comprise the flare. Using that observationally determined energy partition, we show that a proper multithreaded model can reproduce these redshifts in magnitude, duration, and line intensity, while simultaneously being well constrained by the observed density, temperature, and emission measure. We comment on the implications for both RHESSI and IRIS observations of flares in general, namely that: (1) a single loop model is inconsistent with long duration redshifts, among other observables; (2) the average time between energization of strands is less than 10 s, which implies that for a HXR burst lasting 10 minutes, there were at least 60 strands within a single IRIS pixel located on the flare ribbon; (3) the majority of these strands were explosively heated with an energy distribution well described by a power law of slope approximate to -1.6; (4) the multi-stranded model reproduces the observed line profiles, peak temperatures, differential emission measure distributions, and densities. C1 [Reep, Jeffrey W.; Warren, Harry P.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Crump, Nicholas A.] Naval Res Lab, Naval Ctr Space Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Simoes, Paulo J. A.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. RP Reep, JW (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Reep, Jeffrey/0000-0003-4739-1152 FU NRC Research Associateship award at the US Naval Research Laboratory; NASA; European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [606862]; Norwegian Space Center through an ESA PRODEX contract FX The authors also thank the anonymous referee for comments that strengthened the arguments in this paper. The authors thank Lucas Tarr and George Doschek for discussions that improved the modeling and understanding of this event. This research was performed while J.W.R. held an NRC Research Associateship award at the US Naval Research Laboratory with the support of NASA. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement No. 606862 (F-CHROMA) (PJAS). IRIS is a NASA Small Explorer developed and operated by LMSAL with mission operations executed at NASA Ames Research center and major contributions to downlink communications funded by the Norwegian Space Center through an ESA PRODEX contract. CHIANTI is a collaborative project involving George Mason University, the University of Michigan (USA) and the University of Cambridge (UK). NR 71 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 2 AR 145 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/2/145 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW9SA UT WOS:000384001600057 ER PT J AU Holmstrom, SA Stievater, TH Kozak, DA Pruessner, MW Tyndall, N Rabinovich, WS McGill, RA Khurgin, JB AF Holmstrom, Scott A. Stievater, Todd H. Kozak, Dmitry A. Pruessner, Marcel W. Tyndall, Nathan Rabinovich, William S. McGill, R. Andrew Khurgin, Jacob B. TI Trace gas Raman spectroscopy using functionalized waveguides SO OPTICA LA English DT Article ID FIBER; ABSORPTION; SCATTERING; SPECTRA; SILICON AB Weak scattering and short optical interaction lengths have, until this work, prevented the observation of trace gas Raman spectra using photonic integrated circuitry. Raman spectroscopy is a powerful analytical tool, and its implementation using chip-scale waveguide devices represents a critical step toward trace gas detection and identification in small handheld systems. Here, we report the first Raman scattering measurements of trace gases using integrated nanophotonic waveguides. These measurements were made possible using highly evanescent rib waveguides functionalized with a thin cladding layer designed to reversibly sorb organophosphonates and other hazardous chemical species. Raman spectra were collected using 9.6 mm-long waveguides exposed to ambient trace concentrations of ethyl acetate, methyl salicylate, and dimethyl sulfoxide with one-sigma limits of detection in 100 s integration times equal to 600 ppm, 360 ppb, and 7.6 ppb, respectively. Our analysis shows that the functionalized waveguide Raman efficiency can be enhanced by over nine orders of magnitude compared to traditional micro-Raman spectroscopy, paving the way toward a sensitive, low-cost, miniature, spectroscopy-based trace gas sensor inherently suitable for foundry-level photonic integrated circuit manufacturing. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Holmstrom, Scott A.] Univ Tulsa, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. [Stievater, Todd H.; Kozak, Dmitry A.; Pruessner, Marcel W.; Tyndall, Nathan; Rabinovich, William S.; McGill, R. Andrew] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Khurgin, Jacob B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Holmstrom, SA (reprint author), Univ Tulsa, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. EM scott-holmstrom@utulsa.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX Office of Naval Research (ONR). NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 11 U2 11 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2334-2536 J9 OPTICA JI Optica PD AUG 20 PY 2016 VL 3 IS 8 BP 891 EP 896 DI 10.1364/OPTICA.3.000891 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA DU1YU UT WOS:000382007700018 ER PT J AU Elias, B Proudfoot, N Wakefield, M AF Elias, Ben Proudfoot, Nicholas Wakefield, Max TI The Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomial of a matroid SO ADVANCES IN MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE Matroid; Orlik-Terao algebra; Intersection cohomology; Kazhdan-Lusztig theory ID INTERSECTION COHOMOLOGY; VARIETIES; ALGEBRAS; RING AB We associate to every matroid M a polynomial with integer coefficients, which we call the Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomial of M, in analogy with Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials in representation theory. We conjecture that the coefficients are always non-negative, and we prove this conjecture for representable matroids by interpreting our polynomials as intersection cohomology Poincare polynomials. We also introduce a q-deformation of the Mobius algebra of M, and use our polynomials to define a special basis for this deformation, analogous to the canonical basis of the Hecice algebra. We conjecture that the structure coefficients for multiplication in this special basis are non-negative, and we verify this conjecture in numerous examples. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Elias, Ben; Proudfoot, Nicholas] Univ Oregon, Dept Math, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Wakefield, Max] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Proudfoot, N (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Dept Math, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. EM belias@uoregon.edu; njp@uoregon.edu; wakefiel@usna.edu FU NSF [DMS-0950383]; Simons Foundation; Office of Naval Research FX Supported by NSF grant DMS-0950383.; Supported by the Simons Foundation and the Office of Naval Research. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0001-8708 EI 1090-2082 J9 ADV MATH JI Adv. Math. PD AUG 20 PY 2016 VL 299 BP 36 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.aim.2016.05.005 PG 35 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA DS0NW UT WOS:000380294900002 ER PT J AU Puchades, I Rossi, JE Cress, CD Naglich, E Landi, BJ AF Puchades, Ivan Rossi, Jamie E. Cress, Cory D. Naglich, Eric Landi, Brian J. TI Carbon Nanotube Thin-Film Antennas SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE single-walled carbon nanotubes; thin-film antennas; multiwalled carbon nanotubes; conductivity of CNTs; transparent antennas ID PATCH ANTENNAS; PRINTED ANTENNAS; MONOPOLE ANTENNA; CONDUCTIVITY; PERFORMANCE AB Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) dipole antennas have been successfully designed, fabricated, and tested. Antennas of varying lengths were fabricated using flexible bulk MWCNT sheet material and evaluated to confirm the validity of a full-wave antenna design equation. The similar to 20X improvement in electrical conductivity provided by chemically doped SWCNT thin films over MWCNT sheets presents an opportunity for the fabrication of thin-film antennas, leading to potentially simplified system integration and optical transparency. The resonance characteristics of a fabricated chlorosulfonic acid-doped SWCNT thin-film antenna demonstrate the feasibility of the technology and indicate that when the sheet resistance of the thin film is >40 ohm/sq no power is absorbed by the antenna and that a sheet resistance of <10 ohm/sq is needed to achieve a 10 dB return loss in the unbalanced antenna. The dependence of the return loss performance on the SWCNT sheet resistance is consistent with unbalanced metal, metal oxide, and other CNT-based thin-film antennas, and it provides a framework for which other thin-film antennas can be designed. C1 [Puchades, Ivan; Rossi, Jamie E.; Landi, Brian J.] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Puchades, Ivan; Rossi, Jamie E.; Landi, Brian J.] Rochester Inst Technol, NanoPower Res Labs, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Cress, Cory D.; Naglich, Eric] US Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Landi, BJ (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.; Landi, BJ (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, NanoPower Res Labs, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM brian.landi@rit.edu OI Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program through Office of the Director of National Intelligence; U.S. Government; Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [HDTRA-1-10-1-0122]; Office of Naval Research FX This project was partially supported by a grant from the Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program through funding from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence. The authors also acknowledge funding from the U.S. Government and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under Grant HDTRA-1-10-1-0122. C.D.C. acknowledges funding from the Office of Naval Research. All statements of fact, opinion, or analysis expressed are those of the author and do not reflect the official positions or views of the Intelligence Community or any other U.S. Government agency. Nothing in the contents should be construed as asserting or implying U.S. Government authentication of information or Intelligence Community endorsement of the author's views. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 18 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD AUG 17 PY 2016 VL 8 IS 32 BP 20986 EP 20992 DI 10.1021/acsami.6b05146 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DT8CF UT WOS:000381715900056 PM 27454334 ER PT J AU Laskoski, M Clarke, JS Neal, A Harvey, BG Ricks-Laskoski, HL Hervey, WJ Daftary, MN Shepherd, AR Keller, TM AF Laskoski, Matthew Clarke, Jadah S. Neal, Arianna Harvey, Benjamin G. Ricks-Laskoski, Holly L. Hervey, W. Judson Daftary, Mehana N. Shepherd, Arica R. Keller, Teddy M. TI Sustainable High-Temperature Phthalonitrile Resins Derived from Resveratrol and Dihydroresveratrol SO CHEMISTRYSELECT LA English DT Article DE high temperature; renewable; resveratrol; thermoset ID THERMOSETTING RESINS; BISPHENOL-A; COMPOSITES; POLYMER; CURE; EUGENOL AB The renewable triphenols, resveratrol and dihydroresveratrol, were used in the preparation of two new phthalonitrile resins (PN), each containing three phthalonitrile groups. These are the first reported PN resins generated from a renewable feedstock. These amorphous PN resins were characterized thoroughly by DSC, NMR spectroscopy and rheometry. The monomers exhibited excellent rheometric viscosities suitable for resin transfer molding and resin infusion molding. After complete cure, the PN polymers exhibited thermal stability to above 500 degrees C and no glass transition temperature (T-g). As a result of the highly cross-linked nature of the network, these materials exhibited a low water uptake of 1 +/- 0.2% and dielectric constant values of approximately 3.0. These results suggest that resveratrol-derived PN resins are excellent candidates for use in maritime environments and aerospace applications. C1 [Laskoski, Matthew; Clarke, Jadah S.; Neal, Arianna; Ricks-Laskoski, Holly L.; Daftary, Mehana N.; Shepherd, Arica R.; Keller, Teddy M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Mat Chem Branch, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Harvey, Benjamin G.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Chem Branch Code 4F0000D, Weap Div, 1900 N Knox Rd Stop 6303, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Hervey, W. Judson] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6910,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Laskoski, M (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Mat Chem Branch, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM matthew.laskoski@nrl.navy.mil FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [WP-2440, WP-2214]; Office of Naval Research; ONR/ASEE Science and Engineering Apprenticeship Program (SEAP) FX The authors would like to thank The Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP WP-2440; WP-2214) for financial support of this project. We thank also the Office of Naval Research and the ONR/ASEE Science and Engineering Apprenticeship Program (SEAP) for financial support of this project. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 2365-6549 J9 ChemistrySelect JI ChemistrySelect PD AUG 16 PY 2016 VL 1 IS 13 BP 3423 EP 3427 DI 10.1002/slct.201600304 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EI2FO UT WOS:000392302300004 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Adkins, JK Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alekseev, I Alford, J Aparin, A Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, EC Averichev, GS Banerjee, A Bellwied, R Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattarai, P Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Butterworth, J Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Campbell, JM Cebra, D Cervantes, MC Chakaberia, I Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chattopadhyay, S Chen, JH Chen, HF Cheng, J Cherney, M Christie, W Codrington, MJM Contin, G Crawford, HJ Cui, X Das, S De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD di Ruzza, B Didenko, L Dilks, C Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Engelage, J Eppley, G Esha, R Evdokimov, O Eyser, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Federic, P Fedorisin, J Feng Filip, P Fisyak, Y Flores, CE Gagliardi, CA Garand, D Geurts, F Gibson, A Girard, M Greiner, L Grosnick, D Gunarathne, DS Guo, Y Gupta, A Gupta, S Guryn, W Hamad, A Hamed, A Han, LX Haque, R Harris, JW Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Horvat, S Huang, B Huang, X Huang, HZ Huck, P Humanic, TJ Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jang, H Judd, EG Kabana, S Kalinkin, D Kang, K Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Khan, ZH Kikola, DP Kisel, I Kisiel, A Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kosarzewski, LK Kotchenda, L Kraishan, AF Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kulakov, I Kumar, L Kycia, RA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Landry, KD Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Li, ZM Li, X Li, W Li, Y Li, X Li, C Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Lomnitz, M Longacre, RS Luo, X Ma, GL Ma, RM Ma, YG Magdy, N Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Manion, A Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Mustafa, MK Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nigmatkulov, G Nogach, LV Noh, SY Novak, J Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Okorokov, V Olvitt, DL Page, BS Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Poljak, N Poniatowska, K Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Pruthi, NK Przybycien, M Putschke, J Qiu, H Quintero, A Ramachandran, S Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Roy, A Ruan, L Rusnak, J Rusnakova, O Sahoo, NR Sahu, PK Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandacz, A Sandweiss, J Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, WB Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shanmuganathan, PV Shao, M Sharma, B Shen, WQ Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Simko, M Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Smirnov, D Solanki, D Song, L Sorensen, P Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Sumbera, M Summa, BJ Sun, XM Sun, Z Sun, Y Sun, X Surrow, B Svirida, DN Szelezniak, MA Takahashi, J Tang, Z Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Tawfik, AN Thomas, JH Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Tripathy, SK Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Turnau, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Upsal, I Van Buren, G Van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vandenbroucke, M Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Vertesi, R Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wang, JS Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, H Wang, F Wang, G Webb, G Webb, JC Wen, L Westfall, GD Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xin, K Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, H Xu, Y Xu, QH Yan, W Yang, Y Yang, C Yang, Y Ye, Z Yepes, P Yi, L Yip, K Yoo, IK Yu, N Zbroszczyk, H Zha, W Zhang, XP Zhang, ZP Zhang, JB Zhang, JL Zhang, Y Zhang, S Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, YH Zhu, X Zoulkarneeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Adamczyk, L. Adkins, J. K. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Aparin, A. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. C. Averichev, G. S. Banerjee, A. Bellwied, R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhattarai, P. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Bouchet, J. Brandin, A. V. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Butterworth, J. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Campbell, J. M. Cebra, D. Cervantes, M. C. Chakaberia, I. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, J. H. Chen, H. F. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Christie, W. Codrington, M. J. M. Contin, G. Crawford, H. J. Cui, X. Das, S. De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. Derradi de Souza, R. di Ruzza, B. Didenko, L. Dilks, C. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Esha, R. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Federic, P. Fedorisin, J. Feng Filip, P. Fisyak, Y. Flores, C. E. Gagliardi, C. A. Garand, D. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Girard, M. Greiner, L. Grosnick, D. Gunarathne, D. S. Guo, Y. Gupta, A. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Hamad, A. Hamed, A. Han, L. -X. Haque, R. Harris, J. W. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Horvat, S. Huang, B. Huang, X. Huang, H. Z. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jang, H. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kalinkin, D. Kang, K. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Khan, Z. H. Kikola, D. P. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Klein, S. R. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Kosarzewski, L. K. Kotchenda, L. Kraishan, A. F. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kulakov, I. Kumar, L. Kycia, R. A. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Landry, K. D. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Li, Z. M. Li, X. Li, W. Li, Y. Li, X. Li, C. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Lomnitz, M. Longacre, R. S. Luo, X. Ma, G. L. Ma, R. M. Ma, Y. G. Magdy, N. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Manion, A. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Mustafa, M. K. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nigmatkulov, G. Nogach, L. V. Noh, S. Y. Novak, J. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Okorokov, V. Olvitt, D. L., Jr. Page, B. S. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Poljak, N. Poniatowska, K. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Pruthi, N. K. Przybycien, M. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Quintero, A. Ramachandran, S. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Roy, A. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Rusnakova, O. Sahoo, N. R. Sahu, P. K. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandacz, A. Sandweiss, J. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shanmuganathan, P. V. Shao, M. Sharma, B. Shen, W. Q. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Simko, M. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Smirnov, D. Solanki, D. Song, L. Sorensen, P. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Sumbera, M. Summa, B. J. Sun, X. M. Sun, Z. Sun, Y. Sun, X. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Szelezniak, M. A. Takahashi, J. Tang, Z. Tang, A. H. Tarnowsky, T. Tawfik, A. N. Thomas, J. H. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Tripathy, S. K. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Turnau, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Upsal, I. Van Buren, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vandenbroucke, M. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Vertesi, R. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wang, J. S. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Wang, H. Wang, F. Wang, G. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Wen, L. Westfall, G. D. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xin, K. Xu, N. Xu, Z. Xu, H. Xu, Y. Xu, Q. H. Yan, W. Yang, Y. Yang, C. Yang, Y. Ye, Z. Yepes, P. Yi, L. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Yu, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zha, W. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Z. P. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, Y. Zhang, S. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, Y. H. Zhu, X. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zyzak, M. CA STAR Collaboration TI Beam-energy dependence of charge balance functions from Au plus Au collisions at energies available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; BY-EVENT FLUCTUATIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; MEAN-P(T) FLUCTUATIONS; ROOT-S(NN)=200 GEV; PB COLLISIONS; HADRONIZATION; SIGNATURES; PHI; ETA AB Balance functions have been measured in terms of relative pseudorapidity (Delta(eta)) for charged particle pairs at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider from Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 7.7 GeV to 200 GeV using the STAR detector. These results are compared with balance functions measured at the CERN Large Hadron Collider from Pb + Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV by the ALICE Collaboration. The width of the balance function decreases as the collisions become more central and as the beam energy is increased. In contrast, the widths of the balance functions calculated using shuffled events show little dependence on centrality or beam energy and are larger than the observed widths. Balance function widths calculated using events generated by UrQMD are wider than the measured widths in central collisions and show little centrality dependence. The measured widths of the balance functions in central collisions are consistent with the delayed hadronization of a deconfined quark gluon plasma (QGP). The narrowing of the balance function in central collisions at root s(NN) = 7.7 GeV implies that a QGP is still being created at this relatively low energy. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Przybycien, M.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Chakaberia, I.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Eyser, O.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Ke, H. W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; Li, X.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Ma, R. M.; Ogawa, A.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, W. B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Wang, H.; Webb, G.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Draper, J. E.; Flores, C. E.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dunkelberger, L. E.; Esha, R.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Landry, K. D.; Nasim, Md.; Pan, Y. X.; Shah, N.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Wen, L.; Zhao, F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Derradi de Souza, R.; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, BR-13131 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Feng; Huck, P.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Pei, H.; Sun, X. M.; Wu, Y. F.; Yang, Y.; Yu, N.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhao, J.] Cent China Normal Univ HZNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Huang, B.; Kauder, K.; Khan, Z. H.; Pandit, Y.; Ye, Z.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; De Silva, L. C.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Rusnakova, O.; Trzeciak, B. A.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Federic, P.; Rusnak, J.; Simko, M.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.; Vertesi, R.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. [Kisel, I.; Kollegger, T.; Kulakov, I.; Stock, R.; Zyzak, M.] FIAS, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Das, S.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Sahu, P. K.; Tripathy, S. K.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Skoby, M. J.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Kalinkin, D.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Aparin, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Alford, J.; Bouchet, J.; Hamad, A.; Kabana, S.; Keane, D.; Lomnitz, M.; Margetis, S.; Quintero, A.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Adkins, J. K.; Fatemi, R.; Ramachandran, S.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Jang, H.; Noh, S. Y.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Daejeon 305701, South Korea. [Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Contin, G.; Dong, X.; Greiner, L.; Klein, S. R.; Manion, A.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Mustafa, M. K.; Odyniec, G.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Shi, S. S.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X.; Szelezniak, M. A.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Van Nieuwenhuizen, G.] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Okorokov, V.; Strikhanov, M.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Haque, R.; Mohanty, B.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Campbell, J. M.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Upsal, I.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kycia, R. A.; Pawlik, B.; Turnau, J.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Dilks, C.; Heppelmann, S.; Summa, B. J.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia. [Garand, D.; Hirsch, A.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Xie, W.; Yi, L.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Solanki, D.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Roberts, J. B.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Chen, H. F.; Cui, X.; Guo, Y.; Li, C.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Yang, C.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Xu, Q. H.; Zhang, J. L.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chen, J. H.; Han, L. -X.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shen, W. Q.; Shou, Q. Y.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Gunarathne, D. S.; Kraishan, A. F.; Li, X.; Olvitt, D. L., Jr.; Surrow, B.; Vandenbroucke, M.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Cervantes, M. C.; Chang, Z.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mondal, M. M.; Sahoo, N. R.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bhattarai, P.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; McDonald, D.; Song, L.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Huang, X.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Yan, W.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Drachenberg, J. L.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Banerjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Nayak, T. K.; Roy, A.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Girard, M.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisiel, A.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Pawlak, T.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Sandacz, A.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, PL-00661 Warsaw, Poland. [Llope, W. J.; Putschke, J.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Magdy, N.; Tawfik, A. N.] World Lab Cosmol & Particle Phys WLCAPP, Cairo 11571, Egypt. [Caines, H.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Adamczyk, L (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RI Yi, Li/Q-1705-2016; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Kycia, Radoslaw/J-4397-2015; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Gunarathne, Devika/C-4903-2017; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013 OI Yi, Li/0000-0002-7512-2657; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Kycia, Radoslaw/0000-0002-6390-4627; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Gunarathne, Devika/0000-0002-7155-7418; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001 FU Office of NP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; Office of HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF [CNRS/IN2P3]; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; Korean Research Foundation; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FIAS of Germany; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation [NRF-2012004024]; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, the KISTI Center in Korea, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, CNRS/IN2P3, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST and MoE of China, the Korean Research Foundation, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FIAS of Germany, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, the National Science Centre of Poland, National Research Foundation (NRF-2012004024), the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG 16 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 2 AR 024909 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.94.024909 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA DT4ZD UT WOS:000381489300001 ER PT J AU Baranowski, DB Flatau, MK Flatau, PJ Matthews, AJ AF Baranowski, Dariusz B. Flatau, Maria K. Flatau, Piotr J. Matthews, Adrian J. TI Phase locking between atmospheric convectively coupled equatorial Kelvin waves and the diurnal cycle of precipitation over the Maritime Continent SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE convectively coupled equatorial waves; diurnal cycle; Maritime Continent; Madden-Julian Oscillations ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; OCEAN; RAINFALL AB Convectively coupled Kelvin waves (CCKWs) are a major component of the tropical atmospheric circulation, propagating eastward around the equatorial belt. Here we show that there are scale interactions between CCKWs and the diurnal cycle over the Maritime Continent. In particular, CCKW packets that pass a base point in the eastern Indian Ocean at 90 degrees E between 0600 and 0900UTC subsequently arrive over Sumatra in phase with the diurnal cycle of convection. As the distance between Sumatra and Borneo is equal to the distance traveled by a CCKW in 1day, these waves are then also in phase with the diurnal cycle over Borneo. Consequently, this subset of CCKWs has a precipitation signal up to a factor of 3 larger than CCKWs that arrive at other times of the day and a 40% greater chance of successfully traversing the Maritime Continent. C1 [Baranowski, Dariusz B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Baranowski, Dariusz B.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Geophys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Flatau, Maria K.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. [Flatau, Piotr J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Matthews, Adrian J.] Univ East Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Ctr Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Norwich, Norfolk, England. [Matthews, Adrian J.] Univ East Anglia, Sch Math, Norwich, Norfolk, England. RP Baranowski, DB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.; Baranowski, DB (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Inst Geophys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. EM dariusz.b.baranowski@jpl.nasa.gov RI Flatau, Piotr/E-2219-2011; Matthews, Adrian/A-6444-2011 OI Matthews, Adrian/0000-0003-0492-1168 FU Office of Naval Research Global NICOP program [N62909-15-1-2021]; Naval Research through the NRL Base Program [PE 0601153N]; ONR DRI (Unified Physical Parameterization for Extended-Range Prediction); Poland's National Science Centre (Narodowe Centrum Nauki) [2012/07/N/ST10/03303]; Office of Naval Research [601153N] FX D.B.B. has been supported by Office of Naval Research Global NICOP program (award N62909-15-1-2021 to the University of Warsaw). M.K.F. has been supported by the Chief of Naval Research through the NRL Base Program, PE 0601153N. P.J.F. has been supported by ONR DRI (Unified Physical Parameterization for Extended-Range Prediction). Development of the Kelvin wave trajectories database has been supported by Poland's National Science Centre (Narodowe Centrum Nauki; decision 2012/07/N/ST10/03303). Analysis of the DYNAMO field campaign data has been supported by the Office of Naval Research under Program Element 601153N. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 16 PY 2016 VL 43 IS 15 BP 8269 EP 8276 DI 10.1002/2016GL069602 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DV9VM UT WOS:000383290300056 ER PT J AU Toth, TD Zhang, JL Campbell, JR Reid, JS Vaughan, MA AF Toth, Travis D. Zhang, Jianglong Campbell, James R. Reid, Jeffrey S. Vaughan, Mark A. TI Temporal variability of aerosol optical thickness vertical distribution observed from CALIOP SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE aerosol ID LONG-TERM TREND; DATA-ASSIMILATION; DEPTH RETRIEVALS; MODIS-AQUA; AERONET; CALIPSO; PRODUCTS; LAND; MISR; DUST AB Temporal variability in the vertical distribution of aerosol optical thickness (AOT) derived from the 0.532 mu m aerosol extinction coefficient is described using Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) observations over 8.5years (June 2006 to December 2014). Temporal variability of CALIOP column-integrated AOT is largely consistent with total column AOT trends from several passive satellite sensors, such as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer, and the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor. Globally, a 0.0002 AOT per year positive trend in deseasonalized CALIOP total column AOT for daytime conditions is attributed to corresponding changes in near-surface (i.e., 0.0-0.5km or 0.5-1.0km above ground level (agl)) aerosol particle loading, while a -0.0006 AOT per year trend during nighttime is attributed to elevated (i.e., 1.0-2.0km or >2.0km agl) aerosols. Regionally, increasing daytime CALIOP AOTs are found over Southern Africa and India, mostly due to changes in aerosol loading at the 1.0-2.0km and 0.0-0.5km agl layers, respectively. Decreasing daytime CALIOP AOTs are observed over Northern Africa, Eastern U.S., and South America (due mostly to elevated aerosol loading), while the negative CALIOP AOT trends found over Eastern China, Europe, and Western U.S. are due mostly to aerosol layers nearer the surface. To our knowledge, this study is the first to provide both a globally comprehensive estimation of the temporal variation in aerosol vertical distribution and an insight into passive sensor column AOT trends in the vertical domain. C1 [Toth, Travis D.; Zhang, Jianglong] Univ North Dakota, Dept Atmospher Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Campbell, James R.; Reid, Jeffrey S.] Naval Res Lab, Aerosol & Radiat Sci Sect, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. [Vaughan, Mark A.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. RP Toth, TD (reprint author), Univ North Dakota, Dept Atmospher Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. EM travis.toth@und.edu RI Campbell, James/C-4884-2012; Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014 OI Campbell, James/0000-0003-0251-4550; Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955 FU Office of Naval Research [322]; NASA [NNX14AJ13G, IAARPO201422] FX This research was funded through the support of the Office of Naval Research Code 322. Author J.Z. and T.D.T. acknowledge the support from NASA grant NNX14AJ13G. Author J.R.C. acknowledges the support of the NASA Interagency Agreement IAARPO201422 on behalf of the CALIPSO Science Team. CALIPSO data were obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center (eos-web.larc.nasa.gov). MODIS data were obtained from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (ladsweb.nascom.nasa.gov). AERONET data were obtained from the project website (aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov). We acknowledge the AERONET program, and the contributing principal investigators and their staff, for coordinating the sites and data used for this investigation. We thank Jason Tackett for his guidance with the Level 3.0 aerosol profile data and Chip Trepte for his suggestions in improving this work. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 16 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 15 BP 9117 EP 9139 DI 10.1002/2015JD024668 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DW0ZN UT WOS:000383372400022 ER PT J AU Thompson, DR McCubbin, I Gao, BC Green, RO Matthews, AA Mei, F Meyer, KG Platnick, S Schmid, B Tomlinson, J Wilcox, E AF Thompson, David R. McCubbin, Ian Gao, Bo Cai Green, Robert O. Matthews, Alyssa A. Mei, Fan Meyer, Kerry G. Platnick, Steven Schmid, Beat Tomlinson, Jason Wilcox, Eric TI Measuring cloud thermodynamic phase with shortwave infrared imaging spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE imaging spectroscopy; remote sensing; cloud phase; shortwave infrared; AVIRIS-C; Arm Airborne Facility ID RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; OPTICAL-THICKNESS; SPECTROMETER DATA; EFFECTIVE RADIUS; LIQUID WATER; MU-M; ICE; AIRBORNE; RETRIEVAL; WAVELENGTHS AB Shortwave Infrared imaging spectroscopy enables accurate remote mapping of cloud thermodynamic phase at high spatial resolution. We describe a measurement strategy to exploit signatures of liquid and ice absorption in cloud top apparent reflectance spectra from 1.4 to 1.8m. This signal is generally insensitive to confounding factors such as solar angles, view angles, and surface albedo. We first evaluate the approach in simulation and then apply it to airborne data acquired in the Calwater-2/ACAPEX campaign of Winter 2015. Here NASA's Classic Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS-C) remotely observed diverse cloud formations while the U.S. Department of Energy ARM Aerial Facility G-1 aircraft measured cloud integral and microphysical properties in situ. The coincident measurements demonstrate good separation of the thermodynamic phases for relatively homogeneous clouds. C1 [Thompson, David R.; McCubbin, Ian; Green, Robert O.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [McCubbin, Ian; Wilcox, Eric] Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV USA. [Gao, Bo Cai] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Matthews, Alyssa A.; Mei, Fan; Schmid, Beat; Tomlinson, Jason] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. [Meyer, Kerry G.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res, Columbia, MD USA. [Meyer, Kerry G.; Platnick, Steven] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenland, MD USA. RP Thompson, DR (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM david.r.thompson@jpl.nasa.gov RI Platnick, Steven/J-9982-2014; Meyer, Kerry/E-8095-2016; OI Platnick, Steven/0000-0003-3964-3567; Meyer, Kerry/0000-0001-5361-9200; Thompson, David/0000-0003-1100-7550 FU National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration; Department of Energy; Scripps Institute for Oceanography; California Energy Commission FX The data used in this paper are available from http://aviris.jpl.nasa.gov/publications/. The research described in this paper was performed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Copyright 2016 California Institute of Technology. Government sponsorship acknowledged. We appreciate the vital assistance of the DOE Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program and the ARM Airborne Facility (AAF) team. We specifically acknowledge the WCM-2000 sensor team including John Hubbe (deployment and calibration). We also acknowledge and thank Jennifer Comstock of PNNL and Chris Roden of SPEC. David Diner and Felix Seidel led the ER-2 observations and coordinated the AAF and the ER-2 flights. We thank the ER-2 aircraft team at the NASA Armstrong Flight Research Laboratory, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory AVIRIS-C instrument team including Michael Eastwood, Chuck Sarture, Scott Nolte, Mark Helmlinger, Sarah Lundeen, and others. We acknowledge the help and support of NASA Earth Science and the joint Calwater-2/ACAPEX investigation sponsored by the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, the Department of Energy, Scripps Institute for Oceanography, and the California Energy Commission. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 16 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 15 BP 9174 EP 9190 DI 10.1002/2016JD024999 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DW0ZN UT WOS:000383372400026 ER PT J AU Giroux, M Sahadeo, E Libera, R Maurizi, A Giles, I Marteel-Parrish, A AF Giroux, Michael Sahadeo, Emily Libera, Robert Maurizi, Ashley Giles, Ian Marteel-Parrish, Anne TI An undergraduate research experience: Synthesis, modification, and comparison of hydrophobicity of zeolites A and X SO POLYHEDRON LA English DT Article DE Zeolites; Hydrophobicity; Modification; Ligands; Undergraduate research; Inorganic chemistry ID ADSORPTION; SEPARATION; SIZE; IR AB Two procedures using a template-free synthesis of zeolites A and X were compared in an effort to assess how modification of the porous structure of zeolites with various ligands impacts the property of hydrophobicity. Modification with ligands such as octyltrichlorosilane (OTCS), dichlorodiphenylsilane (DCDPS), chlorotrimethylsilane (CTMS), hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDS) as well as with a combination of CTMS and HMDS, was performed. Both procedures led to the formation of water repellant materials. The hydrophobicity of zeolite A increased when zeolite A was modified with DCDPS and with OTCS. Zeolite X demonstrated superior hydrophobic properties when modified with all ligands, except with HMDS. Infrared spectroscopy (IR), macroscopic analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data are presented. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Giroux, Michael; Sahadeo, Emily; Libera, Robert; Maurizi, Ashley; Marteel-Parrish, Anne] Washington Coll, Dept Chem, 300 Washington Ave, Chestertown, MD 21620 USA. [Giles, Ian] US Navy, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Marteel-Parrish, A (reprint author), Washington Coll, Dept Chem, 300 Washington Ave, Chestertown, MD 21620 USA. EM amarteel2@washcoll.edu RI Giles, Ian/F-3645-2011 OI Giles, Ian/0000-0002-9421-5365 FU Washington College FX The authors acknowledge Washington College for financial support, Caroline Miller for her help ordering the chemicals needed for this project, and finally Dr. Libera and his graduate students at Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ who generously provided SEM images of our samples. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-5387 J9 POLYHEDRON JI Polyhedron PD AUG 16 PY 2016 VL 114 SI SI BP 42 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.poly.2015.09.037 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA DQ9YE UT WOS:000379564400007 ER PT J AU Streifel, BC Parker, JF Giles, SL Williams, SJ Duncan, JH Wynne, JH AF Streifel, Benjamin C. Parker, Joseph F. Giles, Spencer L. Williams, Sierra J. Duncan, Jesse H. Wynne, James H. TI Porosity Control in High Internal Phase Emulsion Templated Polyelectrolytes via Ionic Crosslinking SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE emulsion polymerization; high internal phase emulsion; hydrogel; macroporus polymers; porosity control; Polyelectrolytes; XPS depth profiling ID POROUS POLYMERS; MORPHOLOGY; COMPOSITE; MEMBRANES; FILMS AB A series of novel macroporous materials based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-sodium polyacrylate is synthesized via aqueous reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization in an oil-in-water high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) utilizing both covalent and ionic crosslinkers (PEG diacrylate and calcium diacrylate, respectively). Porosity is directly related to the calcium diacrylate content of the polyHIPE. Depth profiling XPS of pressed samples reveal the segregation of less polar substituents (PNIPAM, PEGDA) to the interface, whereas ionic components are located deeper within the continuous aqueous phase, primarily driven by ionic strength. This segregation of components stabilizes the internal-continuous phase interface and results in decreased void diameter. Calcium diacrylate also forms ionic crosslinks in the polyHIPE material, resulting in increased interconnecting pore diameter due to volume contraction upon polymerization. Evidence of volume contraction is provided by the stress induced on PEG at the o/w interface by internally located calcium polyacrylate crosslinks, resulting in a decrease in XRD peak intensity. It is therefore proposed that calcium diacrylate is capable of modifying polyHIPE morphology via two separate mechanisms. Published 2016. C1 [Streifel, Benjamin C.; Parker, Joseph F.; Giles, Spencer L.; Williams, Sierra J.; Duncan, Jesse H.; Wynne, James H.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wynne, JH (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM james.wynne@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Research Laboratory; National Research Council Research Associate Program; Naval Research Lab HBCU/MI Program FX The authors thank J. Lundin and G. Daniels for technical support during the research and assistance with SEM imaging. They acknowledge funding provided by the Office of Naval Research and Naval Research Laboratory. BCS acknowledges funding from the National Research Council Research Associate Program. SJW acknowledges funding from the Naval Research Lab HBCU/MI Program. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 21 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-624X EI 1099-0518 J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 2016 VL 54 IS 16 BP 2486 EP 2492 DI 10.1002/pola.28125 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA DW5HI UT WOS:000383674100005 ER PT J AU Narayanan, S Maitra, R Deschamps, JR Bortoff, K Thomas, JB Zhang, YY Warner, K Vasukuttan, V Decker, A Runyon, SP AF Narayanan, Sanju Maitra, Rangan Deschamps, Jeffery R. Bortoff, Katherine Thomas, James B. Zhang, Yanyan Warner, Keith Vasukuttan, Vineetha Decker, Ann Runyon, Scott P. TI Discovery of a novel small molecule agonist scaffold for the APJ receptor SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE APJ small molecule agonist; Pyrazole; Apelin; AGTRL1; APLNR ID CENTRALLY-ADMINISTERED APELIN-13; PEPTIDE APELIN; FOOD-INTAKE; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; NATURAL LIGAND; HEART-FAILURE; MESSENGER-RNA AB The apelinergic system includes a series of endogenous peptides apelin, ELABELA/TODDLER and their 7-transmembrane G-protein coupled apelin receptor (APJ, AGTRL-1, APLNR). The APJ receptor is an attractive therapeutic target because of its involvement in cardiovascular diseases and potentially other disorders including liver fibrosis, obesity, diabetes, and neuroprotection. To date, pharmacological characterization of the APJ receptor has been limited due to the lack of small molecule functional agonists or antagonists. Through focused screening we identified a drug-like small molecule agonist hit 1 with a functional EC50 value of 21.5 +/- 5 mu M and binding affinity (K-i) of 5.2 +/- 0.5 mu M. Initial structure-activity studies afforded compound 22 having a 27-fold enhancement in potency and the first sub-micromolar full agonist with an EC50 value of 800 +/- 0.1 nM and K-i of 1.3 +/- 0.3 mu M. Preliminary SAR, synthetic methodology, and in vitro pharmacological characterization indicate this scaffold will serve as a favorable starting point for further refinement of APJ potency and selectivity. [GRAPHICS] (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Narayanan, Sanju; Maitra, Rangan; Bortoff, Katherine; Thomas, James B.; Zhang, Yanyan; Warner, Keith; Vasukuttan, Vineetha; Decker, Ann; Runyon, Scott P.] RTI Int, Ctr Drug Discovery, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffery R.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6930,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Runyon, SP (reprint author), RTI Int, Ctr Drug Discovery, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM srunyon@rti.org FU NICHD - United States [1R01HD079547-01A1] FX This work was supported NICHD grant 1R01HD079547-01A1 - United States to Rangan Maitra and Scott Runyon. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0968-0896 EI 1464-3391 J9 BIOORGAN MED CHEM JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 16 BP 3758 EP 3770 DI 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.06.018 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA DS2AF UT WOS:000380515700048 PM 27369451 ER PT J AU Casalini, R Bair, SS Roland, CM AF Casalini, R. Bair, S. S. Roland, C. M. TI Density scaling and decoupling in o-terphenyl, salol, and dibutyphthalate SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE VISCOMETER; GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; ELEVATED PRESSURE; ORGANIC LIQUIDS; TEMPERATURE; DYNAMICS; VOLUME; RELAXATION; VISCOSITY; CRYSTAL AB We present new viscosity and equation of state (EoS) results extending to high pressures for o-terphenyl, salol, and dibutylphthalate. Using these and data from the literature, we show that the three liquids all conform to density scaling; that is, their reduced viscosities and reorientational relaxation times are a function of the ratio of temperature and density with the latter raised to a constant. Moreover, the functional form of the dependence on this ratio is independent of the experimental probe of the dynamics. This means that there is no decoupling of the viscosities and relaxation times over the measured range of conditions. Previous literature at odds with these results was based on erroneous extrapolations of the EoS or problematic diamond anvil viscosity data. Thus, there are no exceptions to the experimental fact that every non-associated liquid complies with density scaling with an invariant scaling exponent. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Casalini, R.; Roland, C. M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6100, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bair, S. S.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr High Pressure Rheol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Casalini, R (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6100, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research; Center for Compact and Efficient Fluid Power, a National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center [EEC-0540834] FX The work at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research. S.S.B. was supported by the Center for Compact and Efficient Fluid Power, a National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center funded under Cooperative Agreement No. EEC-0540834. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 14 PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 AR 064502 DI 10.1063/1.4960513 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DT7QC UT WOS:000381680300022 ER PT J AU Chow, CM Ross, AM Kim, D Gammon, D Bracker, AS Sham, LJ Steel, DG AF Chow, Colin M. Ross, Aaron M. Kim, Danny Gammon, Daniel Bracker, Allan S. Sham, L. J. Steel, Duncan G. TI Nonlocal Nuclear Spin Quieting in Quantum Dot Molecules: Optically Induced Extended Two-Electron Spin Coherence Time SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ENTANGLEMENT; SPECTROSCOPY; RESONANCE; PHOTON AB We demonstrate the extension of coherence between all four two-electron spin ground states of an InAs quantum dot molecule (QDM) via nonlocal suppression of nuclear spin fluctuations in two vertically stacked quantum dots (QDs), while optically addressing only the top QD transitions. Long coherence times are revealed through dark-state spectroscopy as resulting from nuclear spin locking mediated by the exchange interaction between the QDs. Line shape analysis provides the first measurement of the quieting of the Overhauser field distribution correlating with reduced nuclear spin fluctuations. C1 [Chow, Colin M.; Ross, Aaron M.; Steel, Duncan G.] Univ Michigan, HM Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. [Chow, Colin M.; Steel, Duncan G.] Univ Michigan, Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kim, Danny; Gammon, Daniel; Bracker, Allan S.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sham, L. J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Kim, Danny] HRL Labs LLC, 3011 Malibu Canyon Rd, Malibu, CA 90265 USA. RP Chow, CM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, HM Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.; Chow, CM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. FU [NSF PHY 1104446]; [PHY 1413821]; [NSF PHY 1413956]; [AFOSR FA9550-09-1-0457]; [ARO W911NF-08-1-0487]; [DARPA FA8750-12-2-0333]; [ARO-MURI W911NF-09-1-0406] FX This work is supported by the following Grants: No. NSF PHY 1104446, No. PHY 1413821, No. NSF PHY 1413956, No. AFOSR FA9550-09-1-0457, No. ARO W911NF-08-1-0487, No. DARPA FA8750-12-2-0333, No. ARO-MURI W911NF-09-1-0406. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 12 PY 2016 VL 117 IS 7 AR 077403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.077403 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DT4VH UT WOS:000381478800013 PM 27563998 ER PT J AU Lundin, JG Giles, SL Yesinowski, JP Rasley, BT Wynne, JH AF Lundin, Jeffrey G. Giles, Spencer L. Yesinowski, James P. Rasley, Brian T. Wynne, James H. TI Nature of Polyoxometalate Intramolecular Coordination to Quaternary Ammonium Salts from Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-RELAXATION; POTASSIUM-SALTS; OXIDATION; ADDITIVES; COMPLEXES; CATALYSTS; BIOCIDES; SYSTEMS; MN; FE AB Polyoxometalates (POMs) exhibit catalytic activity toward a variety of harmful chemicals such as chemical warfare agents, qualifying them as promising candidates as additives to create self-decontaminating surfaces and materials. However, POMs exhibit poor solubility and dispersion behavior in organic matrices, including polymeric coatings. In an effort to improve compatibility with polymer coatings and impart surface segregating behavior, we describe the encapsulation of a Ni(II)-containing POM, alpha(2)-K8P2W17O61(Ni2+center dot OH2)center dot 17H(2)O (Ni-POM), with a series of amphiphilic alkyl ethoxy dimethyl quaternary ammonium salts (QASs) and elucidate their structural coordination. Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were utilized to confirm that QASs are coordinated to the Ni-POM and that the average number of QAS coordinated to each Ni-POM increases with increasing alkyl moiety length. The H-1 NMR spectra of the QAS (Ni-POM)complexes show marked site-specific broadening and reduced spin lattice;relaxation times T-1 compared to either a nonparamagnetic QAS(POM) complex or the neat QAS ligand. These paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE) effects were used to obtain structural and dynamical information about the binding of QASs to the Ni-POM. The single-exponential saturation recovery behavior observed in all cases indicated that all bound QAS molecules are rapidly moving about the entire (Ni-POM) surface on a time scale less than tens of milliseconds. Motionally averaged distances of the QAS protons to the paramagnetic Ni2+ center were estimated using a modified Solomon Bloembergen equation. Comparisons of relative distances for protons at different sites on the QAS molecule provide key insights into the structural nature of the bonding. Surprisingly; the ethylene oxide moiety of the amphiphilic QAS was found to coordinate more closely with the surface of the Ni-POM than the quaternary ammonium nitrogen cation, and the alkyl moieties extended outward from the Ni-POM center. These results suggest that QAS(Ni-POM) complexes should behave effectively as a hydrophobic nonpolar complexes in their desired roles as catalytic centers in coatings. C1 [Lundin, Jeffrey G.; Giles, Spencer L.; Yesinowski, James P.; Wynne, James H.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rasley, Brian T.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Wynne, JH (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM james.wynne@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); Naval Research Laboratory; Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR), the Naval Research Laboratory, and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 20 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD AUG 11 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 31 BP 17767 EP 17776 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b05122 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DT4LG UT WOS:000381452000069 ER PT J AU Baillie, D Wilson, RM Bisset, RN Blakie, PB AF Baillie, D. Wilson, R. M. Bisset, R. N. Blakie, P. B. TI Self-bound dipolar droplet: A localized matter wave in free space SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article AB We demonstrate that a dipolar condensate can be prepared into a three-dimensional wave packet that remains localized when released in free space. Such self-bound states arise from the interplay of the two-body interactions and quantum fluctuations. We develop a phase diagram for the parameter regimes where these self-bound states are stable, examine their properties, and demonstrate how they can be produced in current experiments. C1 [Baillie, D.; Blakie, P. B.] Univ Otago, Ctr Quantum Sci, Dept Phys, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand. [Baillie, D.; Blakie, P. B.] Univ Otago, Dodd Walls Ctr Photon & Quantum Technol, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand. [Wilson, R. M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Bisset, R. N.] Univ Trento, INO CNR BEC Ctr, Via Sommarive 14, I-38123 Povo, Italy. [Bisset, R. N.] Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, Via Sommarive 14, I-38123 Povo, Italy. RP Baillie, D (reprint author), Univ Otago, Ctr Quantum Sci, Dept Phys, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.; Baillie, D (reprint author), Univ Otago, Dodd Walls Ctr Photon & Quantum Technol, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand. RI Bisset, Russell/H-1750-2012; Baillie, Danny/C-6301-2011; Blakie, Peter/A-1554-2009 OI Baillie, Danny/0000-0002-8194-7612; Blakie, Peter/0000-0003-4772-6514 FU Marsden Fund of the Royal Society of New Zealand; National Science Foundation [PHYS-1516421]; QUIC grant of the Horizon2020 FET program; Provincia Autonoma di Trento FX The authors acknowledge valuable conversations with F. Ferlaino. D.B. and P.B.B. acknowledge the contribution of NZ eScience Infrastructure (NeSI) high-performance computing facilities, and support from the Marsden Fund of the Royal Society of New Zealand. R.M.W. acknowledges partial support from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHYS-1516421. R.N.B. acknowledges support by the QUIC grant of the Horizon2020 FET program and by Provincia Autonoma di Trento. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG 11 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 2 AR 021602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.021602 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA DT2HV UT WOS:000381302300001 ER PT J AU Bachmann, CM Abelev, A Montes, MJ Philpot, W Gray, D Doctor, KZ Fusina, RA Mattis, G Chen, W Noble, SD Coburn, C Corl, T Slomer, L Nichols, CR van Roggen, E Hughes, RJ Carr, S Kharabash, S Brady, A Vermillion, M AF Bachmann, Charles M. Abelev, Andrei Montes, Marcos J. Philpot, William Gray, Deric Doctor, Katarina Z. Fusina, Robert A. Mattis, Gordon Chen, Wei Noble, Scott D. Coburn, Craig Corl, Tom Slomer, Lawrence Nichols, C. Reid van Roggen, Elena Hughes, Roy J. Carr, Stephen Kharabash, Sergey Brady, Andrew Vermillion, Michael TI Flexible field goniometer system: the Goniometer for Outdoor Portable Hyperspectral Earth Reflectance SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE hemispherical conical reflectance factor; bidirectional reflectance distribution function; hyperspectral; spectroscopy; spectrometer; goniometer; coastal sediment ID SOIL SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE; DIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE; SPECTRO-GONIOMETER; ANISOTROPY; MODEL; HDRF; BRDF; GONIOSPECTROMETER; CALIBRATION AB This paper describes a portable hyperspectral goniometer system for measurement of hemispherical conical reflectance factor (HCRF) data for terrestrial applications, especially in the coastal zone. This system, the Goniometer for Portable Hyperspectral Earth Reflectance (GOPHER), consists of a computer-controlled Spectra Vista Corporation HR-1024 full-range spectrometer mounted on a rotating arc and track assembly, allowing complete coverage in zenith and azimuth of a full hemisphere for recording HCRF. The control software allows customized scan patterns to be quickly modified in the field, providing for flexibility in recording HCRF and the opposition effect with varying grid sizes and scan ranges in both azimuth and zenith directions. The spectrometer track can be raised and lowered on a mast to accommodate variations in terrain and land cover. To minimize the effect of variations in illumination during GOPHER scan cycles, a dual-spectrometer approach has been adapted to link records of irradiance recorded by a second spectrometer during the GOPHER HCRF scan cycle. Examples of field data illustrate the utility of the instrument for coastal studies. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) C1 [Bachmann, Charles M.; Montes, Marcos J.; Gray, Deric; Doctor, Katarina Z.; Fusina, Robert A.; Chen, Wei] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abelev, Andrei; Vermillion, Michael] Naval Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Philpot, William] Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Doctor, Katarina Z.] George Mason Univ, Dept Geog & Geoinformat Sci, Suite 2400,Exploratory Hall,4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Mattis, Gordon] South Carolina Res Author, Marine Corps Forces Pacific Experimentat Ctr, Camp Smith, HI 96861 USA. [Noble, Scott D.] Univ Saskatchewan, Coll Engn, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada. [Coburn, Craig] Univ Lethbridge, Dept Geog, 4401 Univ Dr West, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada. [Corl, Tom; Slomer, Lawrence] SpectraVista Corp, 29 Firemens Way, Poughkeepsie, NY 12603 USA. [Nichols, C. Reid; van Roggen, Elena] Marine Informat Resources Corp, 12337 Pans Spring Court, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Hughes, Roy J.] Def Sci & Technol Grp, Maritime Div, Eveleigh, NSW 2015, Australia. [Carr, Stephen; Kharabash, Sergey; Brady, Andrew] Def Sci & Technol Grp, Natl Secur & ISR Div, Edinburgh, SA 5111, Australia. [Bachmann, Charles M.] Rochester Inst Technol, Chester F Carlson Ctr Imaging Sci, Digital Imaging & Remote Sensing Lab, 54 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Bachmann, CM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Bachmann, CM (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, Chester F Carlson Ctr Imaging Sci, Digital Imaging & Remote Sensing Lab, 54 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM bachmann@cis.rit.edu OI Montes, Marcos/0000-0002-4725-5380 NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 10 DI 10.1117/1.JRS.10.036012 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA EE6MH UT WOS:000389724800001 ER PT J AU Gaddes, D Jung, HH Pena-Francesch, A Dion, G Tadigadapa, S Dressick, WJ Demirel, MC AF Gaddes, David Jung, Huihun Pena-Francesch, Abdon Dion, Genevieve Tadigadapa, Srinivas Dressick, Walter J. Demirel, Melik C. TI Self-Healing Textile: Enzyme Encapsulated Layer-by-Layer Structural Proteins SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE squid protein; layer-by-layer; enzyme; textile; self-healing ID POLYELECTROLYTE MULTILAYERS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; COMPOSITE FILM; THIN-FILMS; NANOCOMPOSITES; FABRICATION; DEPOSITION; COATINGS; ADHESION; BUILDUP AB Self-healing materials, which enable an autonomous repair response to damage, are highly desirable for the long-term reliability of woven or nonwoven textiles. Polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer (LbL) films are of considerable interest as self-healing coatings due to the mobility of the components comprising the film. In this work mechanically stable self-healing films were fabricated through construction of a polyelectrolyte LbL film containing squid ring teeth (SRT) proteins. SRTs are structural proteins with unique self-healing properties and high elastic modulus in both dry and wet conditions (>2 GPa) due to their semicrystalline architecture. We demonstrate LbL construction of multilayers containing native and recombinant SRT proteins capable of self-healing defects. Additionally, we show these films are capable of utilizing functional biomolecules by incorporating an enzyme into the SRT multilayer. Urease was chosen as a model enzyme of interest to test its activity via fluorescence assay. Successful construction of the SRT films demonstrates the use of mechanically stable self-healing coatings, which can incorporate biomolecules for more complex protective functionalities for advanced functional fabrics. C1 [Gaddes, David] Penn State Univ, Dept Bioengn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Jung, Huihun; Pena-Francesch, Abdon; Demirel, Melik C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Tadigadapa, Srinivas] Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Tadigadapa, Srinivas; Demirel, Melik C.] Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Demirel, Melik C.] Penn State Univ, Huck Inst Life Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Dion, Genevieve] Drexel Univ, Westphal Coll Media Arts & Design, Shima Seiki Haute Tech Lab, ExCITe, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Dressick, Walter J.] US Naval Res Lab, Code 6910,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Demirel, MC (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Demirel, MC (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Demirel, MC (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Huck Inst Life Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Dressick, WJ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Code 6910,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM walter.dressick@nrl.navy.mil; mdemirel@engr.psu.edu FU Army Research Office [W911NF-16-1-0019]; Materials Research Institute of the Pennsylvania State University; Naval Research Laboratory - Office of Naval Research; Pennsylvania State University; Drexel University FX M.C.D., A.P., and H.J. were supported by the Army Research Office under Grant W911NF-16-1-0019 and a seed grant of Materials Research Institute of the Pennsylvania State University. W.D. was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory through the internal 6.1 research program funded by the Office of Naval Research. S.T./D.G. and G.D. were supported by Pennsylvania State University and Drexel University, respectively. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 33 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 8 IS 31 BP 20371 EP 20378 DI 10.1021/acsami.6b05232 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DT2SV UT WOS:000381331600061 PM 27419265 ER PT J AU Kay, C Opher, M Colaninno, RC Vourlidas, A AF Kay, C. Opher, M. Colaninno, R. C. Vourlidas, A. TI USING ForeCAT DEFLECTIONS AND ROTATIONS TO CONSTRAIN THE EARLY EVOLUTION OF CMEs SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; MAGNETIC-FLUX TUBES; 2010 APRIL 8; ARRIVAL TIMES; 1 AU; PROPAGATION; EARTH; ROPE; ERUPTION; SUN AB To accurately predict the space weather effects of the impacts of coronal mass ejection (CME) at Earth one must know if and when a CME will impact Earth and the CME parameters upon impact. In 2015 Kay et al. presented. Forecasting a CME's Altered Trajectory (ForeCAT), a model for CME deflections based on the magnetic forces from the background solar magnetic field. Knowing the deflection and rotation of a CME enables prediction of Earth impacts and the orientation of the CME upon impact. We first reconstruct the positions of the 2010 April 8. and the 2012 July 12 CMEs from the observations. The first of these CMEs exhibits significant deflection and rotation (34 degrees deflection and 58 degrees rotation), while the second shows almost no deflection or rotation (< 3 degrees each). Using ForeCAT, we explore a range of initial parameters, such as the CME's location and size, and find parameters that can successfully reproduce the behavior for each CME. Additionally, since the deflection depends strongly on the behavior of a CME in the low corona, we are able to constrain the expansion and propagation of these CMEs in the low corona. C1 [Kay, C.; Opher, M.] Boston Univ, Dept Astron, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Colaninno, R. C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Vourlidas, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Kay, C.] NASA, Solar Phys Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Kay, C (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Astron, Boston, MA 02215 USA.; Kay, C (reprint author), NASA, Solar Phys Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM christina.d.kay@nasa.gov RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009; OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948; Colaninno, Robin/0000-0002-3253-4205 FU JHU/APL; NASA [S-136361-Y] FX C.K.'s research was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at NASA GSFC, administered by the Universities Space Research Association under contract with NASA. A.V. acknowledges support from JHU/APL. R.C.C. acknowledges the support of NASA contract S-136361-Y to NRL. The SECCHI data are produced by an international consortium of the NRL, LMSAL, and NASA GSFC (USA), RAL and Univ. of Birmingham (UK), MPS (Germany), CSL (Belgium), IOTA and IAS (France). NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR 70 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/70 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ZK UT WOS:000382009500070 ER PT J AU Sprenger, JK Cavanagh, AS Sun, HX Wahl, KJ Roshko, A George, SM AF Sprenger, Jaclyn K. Cavanagh, Andrew S. Sun, Huaxing Wahl, Kathryn J. Roshko, Alexana George, Steven M. TI Electron Enhanced Growth of Crystalline Gallium Nitride Thin Films at Room Temperature and 100 degrees C Using Sequential Surface Reactions SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-LAYER EPITAXY; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; INDUCED THERMAL-DESORPTION; STIMULATED DESORPTION; WURTZITE GAN; HYDROGEN DESORPTION; YELLOW LUMINESCENCE; PHASE EPITAXY; QUALITY GAN; CUBIC-GAN AB Low energy electrons may provide mechanisms to enhance thin film growth at low temperatures. As a proof of concept, this work demonstrated the deposition of gallium nitride (GaN) films over areas of similar to 5 cm(2) at room temperature and 100 degrees C using electrons with a low energy of 50 eV from an electron flood gun. The GaN films were deposited on Si(111) wafers using a cycle of reactions similar to the sequence employed for GaN atomic layer deposition (ALD). Trimethylgallium (Ga(CH3)(3), TMG), hydrogen (H) radicals and ammonia (NH3) were employed as the reactants with electron exposures included in the reaction cycle after the TMG/H and NH3 exposures. A number of ex situ techniques were then employed to analyze the GaN films. Spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements revealed that the GaN films grew linearly with the number of reaction cycles. Linear growth rates of up to 1.3 angstrom/cycle were obtained from the surface areas receiving the highest electron fluxes. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction analysis revealed polycrystalline GaN films with the wurtzite crystal structure. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed crystalline grains with diameters between 2 and 10 nm depending on the growth temperature. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth-profiling displayed no oxygen contamination when the GaN films were capped with Al prior to atmospheric exposure. However, the carbon concentrations in the GaN films were 10-35 at. %. The mechanism for the low temperature GaN growth is believed to result from the electron stimulated desorption (ESD) of hydrogen. Hydrogen ESD yields dangling bonds that facilitate Ga-N bond formation. Mass spectrometry measurements performed concurrently with the reaction cycles revealed increases in the pressure of H-2 and various GaN etch products during the electron beam exposures. The amount of H-2 and GaN etch products increased with electron beam energy from 25 to 200 eV. These results indicate that the GaN growth occurs with competing GaN etching during the reaction cycles. C1 [Sprenger, Jaclyn K.; Cavanagh, Andrew S.; Sun, Huaxing; George, Steven M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Wahl, Kathryn J.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Roshko, Alexana] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [George, Steven M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Sprenger, JK (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) [W911NF-13-1-0041] FX This work was supported by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) under grant W911NF-13-1-0041. The authors thank Brian Holloway, Tyler McQuade, and Anne Fischer from DARPA for their support and helpful comments. The authors also are grateful to John Russell and Chip Eddy from the Naval Research Laboratory for useful discussions and for providing the single-crystal GaN wafer. The authors also thank Andres Jaramillo-Botero and William Goddard from the California Institute of Technology for many useful suggestions. In addition, the authors acknowledge Kenneth Smith and Donald David from the University of Colorado Integrated Instrument Development Facility for their help with system design, development, and computer interfacing. NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 17 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD AUG 9 PY 2016 VL 28 IS 15 BP 5282 EP 5294 DI 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b00676 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA DT2OQ UT WOS:000381320700011 ER PT J AU Ahn, S Ren, F Kim, J Oh, S Kim, J Mastro, MA Pearton, SJ AF Ahn, Shihyun Ren, Fan Kim, Janghyuk Oh, Sooyeoun Kim, Jihyun Mastro, Michael A. Pearton, S. J. TI Effect of front and back gates on beta-Ga2O3 nano-belt field-effect transistors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BETA-GALLIUM OXIDE; 2-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; GRAPHENE; ELECTRONICS; POWER; MOS2; CONTACTS; MOBILITY AB Field effect transistors (FETs) using SiO2 and Al2O3 as the gate oxides for the back and front sides, respectively, were fabricated on exfoliated two-dimensional (2D) beta-Ga2O3 nano-belts transferred to a SiO2/Si substrate. The mechanical exfoliation and transfer process produced nano-belts with smooth surface morphologies and a uniform low defect density interface with the SiO2/Si substrate. The depletion mode nanobelt transistors exhibited better channel modulation with both front and back gates operational compared to either front or back-gating alone. The maximum transconductance was similar to 4.4 mS mm(-1) with front and back-gating and similar to 3.7 mS mm(-1) with front-gating only and a maximum drain source current density of 60 mA mm(-1) was achieved at a drain-source voltage of 10 V. The FETs had on/off ratios of similar to 10(5) at 25 degrees C with gate-source current densities of similar to 2 x 10(-3) mA mm(-1) at a gate voltage of -30 V. The device characteristics were stable over more than a month for storage in air ambient and the results show the potential of 2D beta-Ga2O3 for power nanoelectronics. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Ahn, Shihyun; Ren, Fan] Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kim, Janghyuk; Oh, Sooyeoun; Kim, Jihyun] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea. [Mastro, Michael A.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pearton, S. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Ahn, S (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea Government Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning [NRF-2015R1D1A1A09057970] FX The research at Korea University was supported by Basic Science Research Program (NRF-2015R1D1A1A09057970) through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korea Government Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 22 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 8 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 6 AR 062102 DI 10.1063/1.4960651 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DV8JP UT WOS:000383183600022 ER PT J AU Deen, DA Storm, DF Katzer, DS Bass, R Meyer, DJ AF Deen, David A. Storm, David F. Katzer, D. Scott Bass, R. Meyer, David J. TI Suppression of surface-originated gate lag by a dual-channel AlN/GaN high electron mobility transistor architecture SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALGAN/GAN HEMTS; PASSIVATION; PERFORMANCE; F(T); GHZ AB A dual-channel AlN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) architecture is demonstrated that leverages ultra-thin epitaxial layers to suppress surface-related gate lag. Two high-density two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) channels are utilized in an AlN/GaN/AlN/GaN heterostructure wherein the top 2DEG serves as a quasi-equipotential that screens potential fluctuations resulting from distributed surface and interface states. The bottom channel serves as the transistor's modulated channel. Dual-channel AlN/GaN heterostructures were grown by molecular beam epitaxy on free-standing hydride vapor phase epitaxy GaN substrates. HEMTs fabricated with 300 nm long recessed gates demonstrated a gate lag ratio (GLR) of 0.88 with no degradation in drain current after bias stressed in subthreshold. These structures additionally achieved small signal metrics f(t)/f(max) of 27/46 GHz. These performance results are contrasted with the non-recessed gate dual-channel HEMT with a GLR of 0.74 and 82 mA/mm current collapse with f(t)/f(max) of 48/60 GHz. C1 [Deen, David A.; Storm, David F.; Katzer, D. Scott; Bass, R.; Meyer, David J.] Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Deen, David A.] Seagate Technol, Read Head Operat, Bloomington, MN 55435 USA. RP Deen, DA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Deen, DA (reprint author), Seagate Technol, Read Head Operat, Bloomington, MN 55435 USA. EM david.deen@alumni.nd.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors acknowledge N. Green for the help with device processing and Professors D. Jena and H. Xing at Cornell University for constructive technical discussion. This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research (P. Maki). NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 8 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 6 AR 063504 DI 10.1063/1.4961009 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DV8JP UT WOS:000383183600053 ER PT J AU Tang, YX He, CL Mitchell, LA Parrish, DA Shreeve, JM AF Tang, Yongxing He, Chunlin Mitchell, Lauren A. Parrish, Damon A. Shreeve, Jean'ne M. TI Small Cation-Based High-Performance Energetic Nitraminofurazanates SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE energetic materials; furazans; heterocycles; nitramines; small cations ID SALTS AB Large nitramino-substituted furazan anions were combined with small cations (hydroxylammonium, hydrazinium, and ammonium) to form a series of energetic salts that was fully characterized. The structures of several of the compounds (1a, 2a, 3a, and 4a) were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Based on their physiochemical properties, such as density, thermal stability, and sensitivity, together with the calculated detonation properties, it was found that they exhibit good detonation performance and have potential application as high-energy-density materials. C1 [Tang, Yongxing; He, Chunlin; Shreeve, Jean'ne M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Mitchell, Lauren A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem, 207 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shreeve, JM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jshreeve@uidaho.edu OI Mitchell, Lauren/0000-0002-1311-0108 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-16-1-2089]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA 1-15-1-0028] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (N00014-16-1-2089) and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (HDTRA 1-15-1-0028). NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 13 U2 14 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 EI 1521-3765 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD AUG 8 PY 2016 VL 22 IS 33 BP 11846 EP 11853 DI 10.1002/chem.201602171 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DV4UU UT WOS:000382921600047 PM 27356077 ER PT J AU Anderson, GP Teichler, DD Zabetakis, D Shriver-Lake, LC Liu, JL Lonsdale, SG Goodchild, SA Goldman, ER AF Anderson, George P. Teichler, Daniel D. Zabetakis, Dan Shriver-Lake, Lisa C. Liu, Jinny L. Lonsdale, Stephen G. Goodchild, Sarah A. Goldman, Ellen R. TI Importance of Hypervariable Region 2 for Stability and Affinity of a Shark Single-Domain Antibody Specific for Ebola Virus Nucleoprotein SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-CHAIN ANTIBODIES; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; VARIABLE DOMAIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DISULFIDE BOND; PHAGE DISPLAY; FRAGMENTS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; MATURATION; SELECTION AB Single-domain antibodies derived from the unique New Antigen Receptor found in sharks have numerous potential applications, ranging from diagnostic reagents to therapeutics. Shark-derived single-domain antibodies possess the same characteristic ability to refold after heat denaturation found in single-domain antibodies derived from camelid heavy-chain-only antibodies. Recently, two shark derived single-domain antibodies specific for the nucleoprotein of Ebola virus were described. Our evaluation confirmed their high affinity for the nucleoprotein, but found their melting temperatures to be low relative to most single-domain antibodies. Our first approach towards improving their stability was grafting antigen-binding regions ( complementarity determining regions) of one of these single-domain antibodies onto a high melting temperature shark single-domain antibody. This resulted in two variants: one that displayed excellent affinity with a low melting temperature, while the other had poor affinity but a higher melting temperature. These new proteins, however, differed in only 3 amino acids within the complementarity determining region 2 sequence. In shark single-domain antibodies, the complementarity determining region 2 is often referred to as hypervariable region 2, as this segment of the antibody domain is truncated compared to the sequence in camelid single-domain antibodies and conventional heavy chain variable domains. To elucidate which of the three amino acids or combinations thereof were responsible for the affinity and stability we made the 6 double and single point mutants that covered the intermediates between these two clones. We found a single amino acid change that achieved a 10 degrees C higher melting temperature while maintaining sub nM affinity. This research gives insights into the impact of the shark sdAb hypervariable 2 region on both stability and affinity. C1 [Anderson, George P.; Zabetakis, Dan; Shriver-Lake, Lisa C.; Liu, Jinny L.; Goldman, Ellen R.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Teichler, Daniel D.] Naval Res Lab, Sci & Engn Apprenticeship Program, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lonsdale, Stephen G.; Goodchild, Sarah A.] Def Sci & Technol Lab, Salisbury, Wilts, England. RP Goldman, ER (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ellen.goldman@nrl.navy.mil RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011 OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) project [CBCALL12-LS6-2-0036] FX This work was funded by Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) project CBCALL12-LS6-2-0036. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 5 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 8 AR e0160534 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0160534 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DT3GR UT WOS:000381369500055 ER PT J AU Palastro, JP Penano, J Johnson, LA Hafizi, B Wahlstrand, JK Milchberg, HM AF Palastro, J. P. Penano, J. Johnson, L. A. Hafizi, B. Wahlstrand, J. K. Milchberg, H. M. TI Two-photon vibrational excitation of air by long-wave infrared laser pulses SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID REFRACTIVE-INDEX; FILAMENTATION; GASES; MODEL; O-2; N-2 AB Ultrashort long-wave infrared (LWIR) laser pulses can resonantly excite vibrations in N-2 and O-2 through a two-photon transition. The absorptive vibrational component of the ultrafast optical nonlinearity grows in time, starting smaller than but quickly surpassing the electronic, rotational, and vibrational refractive components. The growth of the vibrational component results in a novel mechanism of third-harmonic generation, providing an additional two-photon excitation channel, fundamental + third harmonic. The original and emergent two-photon excitations drive the resonance exactly out of phase, causing spatial decay of the absorptive vibrational nonlinearity. This nearly eliminates two-photon vibrational absorption. Here we present simulations and analytical calculations demonstrating how these processes modify the ultrafast optical nonlinearity in air. The results reveal nonlinear optical phenomena unique to the LWIR regime of ultrashort pulse propagation in the atmosphere. C1 [Palastro, J. P.; Penano, J.; Johnson, L. A.; Hafizi, B.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wahlstrand, J. K.; Milchberg, H. M.] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Palastro, JP (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Naval Research Laboratory 6.1 Base Program; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA95501310044]; National Science Foundation [PHY1301948]; Army Research Office [W911NF1410372] FX The authors would like to thank M. Helle, Y.-H. Chen, and A. Stamm for fruitful discussions. This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory 6.1 Base Program. J.K.W. and H. M. M. acknowledge the support of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Grant No. FA95501310044), the National Science Foundation (Grant No. PHY1301948), and the Army Research Office (Grant No. W911NF1410372). NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG 5 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 2 AR 023816 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.023816 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA DS7FJ UT WOS:000380948100007 ER PT J AU Halterman, K Alidoust, M AF Halterman, Klaus Alidoust, Mohammad TI Half-metallic superconducting triplet spin valve SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB We theoretically study a finite-size SF1NF2 spin valve, where a normal metal (N) insert separates a thin standard ferromagnet (F-1) and a thick half-metallic ferromagnet (F-2). For sufficiently thin superconductor (S) widths close to the coherence length xi(0), we find that changes to the relative magnetization orientations in the ferromagnets can result in substantial variations in the transition temperature T-c, consistent with experimental results [Singh et al., Phys. Rev. X 5, 021019 (2015)]. Our results demonstrate that, in good agreement with the experiment, the variations are largest in the case where F-2 is in a half-metallic phase and thus supports only one spin direction. To pinpoint the origins of this strong spin-valve effect, both the equal-spin f(1) and opposite-spin f(0) triplet correlations are calculated using a self-consistent microscopic technique. We find that when the magnetization in F-1 is tilted slightly out of plane, the f(1) component can be the dominant triplet component in the superconductor. The coupling between the two ferromagnets is discussed in terms of the underlying spin currents present in the system. We go further and show that the zero-energy peaks of the local density of states probed on the S side of the valve can be another signature of the presence of superconducting triplet correlations. Our findings reveal that for sufficiently thin S layers, the zero-energy peak at the S side can be larger than its counterpart in the F-2 side. C1 [Halterman, Klaus] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Div Phys, Michelson Lab, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Alidoust, Mohammad] Univ Isfahan, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Hezar Jerib Ave, Esfahan 8174673441, Iran. RP Halterman, K (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Div Phys, Michelson Lab, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM klaus.halterman@navy.mil; phymalidoust@gmail.com OI Alidoust, Mohammad/0000-0002-1554-687X FU ONR; HPC resources from the DOD HPCMP; Iran Science Elites Federation [11/66332] FX This work was supported in part by ONR and a grant of HPC resources from the DOD HPCMP. We thank N. Birge for a careful reading of the manuscript and helpful comments. M.A. is partially supported by Iran Science Elites Federation under Grant No. 11/66332. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 4 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 6 AR 064503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.064503 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DS7GI UT WOS:000380950700003 ER PT J AU Anglemyer, A Miller, ML Buttrey, S Whitaker, L AF Anglemyer, Andrew Miller, Matthew L. Buttrey, Samuel Whitaker, Lyn TI Suicide Rates and Methods in Active Duty Military Personnel, 2005 to 2011 A Cohort Study SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SERVICEMEMBERS ARMY STARRS; RISK-FACTORS; US MILITARY; YOUNG MEN; SOLDIERS; POPULATION; VETERANS; MEMBERS; RESILIENCE; PREDICTORS AB Background: Suicide prevention programs have become ubiquitous among military units; identifying temporal trends and nonclinical factors associated with the chosen suicide methods may help improve suicide prevention strategies. Objective: To calculate suicide rates of active duty military personnel and identify those who are at risk for firearm-specific suicide. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Military units in the United States. Patients: All active duty enlisted U.S. military personnel from 2005 to 2011. Measurements: Suicide rates per 100 000 were calculated for each branch. Adjusted odds ratios for firearm-specific suicide were calculated with 95% CIs. Results: 1455 military personnel committed suicide from 2005 to 2011. From 2006 to 2011, the rates were highest among army personnel (19.13 to 29.44 cases per 100 000). Among suicides with a known cause of death, 62% were attributed to firearms. The results of this study also suggest that among army personnel or marines who committed suicide, those with infantry or special operations job classifications were more likely than those in non-infantry positions to use a firearm. Limitations: Results are generalizable only to enlisted personnel and reflect only stateside suicides. Data regarding previous psychiatric illness, deployment history, and firearms ownership were lacking. Conclusion: These results may help inform policymakers and advisors about differences in risks of suicide and violent suicide among the armed services and may help guide efforts to prevent self-harm within the military. C1 [Anglemyer, Andrew; Miller, Matthew L.; Buttrey, Samuel; Whitaker, Lyn] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Anglemyer, Andrew; Miller, Matthew L.; Buttrey, Samuel; Whitaker, Lyn] US Naval Postgrad Sch, Operat Res Dept, 1411 Cunningham Rd,G-239, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Anglemyer, A (reprint author), US Naval Postgrad Sch, Operat Res Dept, 1411 Cunningham Rd,G-239, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM atanglem@nps.edu NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD AUG 2 PY 2016 VL 165 IS 3 BP 167 EP + DI 10.7326/M15-2785 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DS2HA UT WOS:000380583300005 PM 27272476 ER PT J AU Love, CT AF Love, Corey T. TI Perspective on the Mechanical Interaction Between Lithium Dendrites and Polymer Separators at Low Temperature SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY CONVERSION AND STORAGE LA English DT Article ID ION BATTERY SEPARATORS; DEFORMATION; PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIORS; STRESS AB This perspective paper underscores the importance of coupled electro-mechanical studies in lithium battery systems with a specific example given of the interaction between temperature-dependent dendrite morphologies and polymer separators. Polymer separators are passive components in lithium battery systems yet play a critical role in cell safety. Separators must maintain dimensional stability to provide electronic isolation of the active electrodes and resist puncture and penetration from lithium dendrites. The polyolefin class of polymers has been used extensively for this application with mixed success. Recent research efforts to characterize lithium dendrite formation and growth have shown distinct temperature-dependent dendrite morphologies: rounded blunt mushroom-shaped, sharp jagged needle-like, and granular particulates. Each of these dendrite morphologies will induce a difference physical interaction with the polymer separator. Anticipating this interaction is difficult since the mechanical properties of the polymer separator itself are largely temperature dependent. This paper describes the anticipated physical interaction of the three different dendrite morphologies listed above as a function of temperature and the local physical properties of the commercial polymer separator. A discussion is also provided on the utility of estimating local mechanical properties in the electrochemical battery environment from traditional mechanical and thermomechanical measurements made in the laboratory. C1 [Love, Corey T.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Love, CT (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM corey.love@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX CT Love thanks Mr. Hari Ravichandran, a summer undergraduate intern, for the collection of DMA data included in this paper. The authors thank the Office of Naval Research (ONR) for ongoing financial support related to the safety of lithium-ion batteries. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 2381-6872 EI 2381-6910 J9 J ELECTROCHEM ENERGY JI J. Electrochem. Energy Convers. Storage PD AUG PY 2016 VL 13 IS 3 AR 031004 DI 10.1115/1.4034483 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA EH4CM UT WOS:000391718600008 ER PT J AU Kwon, YW Yang, K Adams, C AF Kwon, Y. W. Yang, K. Adams, C. TI Modeling and Simulation of High-Velocity Projectile Impact on Storage Tank SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE fluid-structure interaction; projectile (ballistic) impact AB A series of numerical modeling and simulations were conducted for dynamic responses of a fluid-filled storage tank subjected to impact loading resulting from a high-velocity projectile. The focus of the study was placed on two phases. The first phase examined the structural response during the impact period without penetration while the second phase investigated the period of a projectile traveling through a fluid medium inside the storage tank. Some parametric studies were conducted to understand the dynamic responses of the structure. The parameters considered were the fluid filling level in the storage tank, fluid density, tank material properties, and projectile mass and velocity. Understanding what parameters would result in most severe damage to the structure can lead to improved design of storage tanks and proper protection against any potential incident. C1 [Kwon, Y. W.; Yang, K.; Adams, C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kwon, YW (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-9930 EI 1528-8978 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD AUG PY 2016 VL 138 IS 4 SI SI AR 041303 DI 10.1115/1.4032447 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA EH4CW UT WOS:000391719600015 ER PT J AU Ostermann, K Ridpath, L Hanna, JB AF Ostermann, Katrina Ridpath, Lance Hanna, Jandy B. TI Self-Reported Minimalist Running Injury Incidence and Severity: A Pilot Study SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OSTEOPATHIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID BAREFOOT; RUNNERS; FOOTWEAR; TRANSITION; PATTERNS; PAIN AB Introduction: Minimalist running entails using shoes with a flexible thin sole and is popular in the United States. Existing literature disagrees over whether minimalist running shoes (MRS) improve perceived severity of injuries associated with running in traditional running shoes (TRS). Additionally, the perceived injury patterns associated with MRS are relatively unknown. Objectives: To examine whether injury incidence and severity (ie, degree of pain) by body region change after switching to MRS, and to determine if transition times affect injury incidences or severity with MRS. Methods: Runners who were either current or previous users of MRS were recruited to complete an Internet-based survey regarding self-reported injury before switching to MRS and whether self-reported pain from that injury decreased after switching. Questions regarding whether new injuries developed in respondents after switching to MRS were also included. Analyses were calculated using t tests, Wilcoxon signed rank tests, and Fischer exact tests. Results: Forty-seven runners completed the survey, and 16 respondents reported injuries before switching to MRS. Among these respondents, pain resulting from injuries of the feet (P=. 03) and knees (P=.0 1) decreased. Eighteen respondents (38.3%) indicated they sustained new injuries after switching to MRS, but the severity of these did not differ significantly from no injury. Neither time allowed for transition to MRS nor use or disuse of a stretching routine during this period was correlated with an increase in the incidence or severity of injuries. Conclusion: After switching to MRS, respondents perceived an improvement in foot and knee injuries. Additionally, respondents using MRS reported an injury rate of 3 8.3%, compared with the approximately 64% that the literature reports among TRS users. Future studies should be expanded to determine the full extent of the differences in injury patterns between MRS and TRS. C1 [Ostermann, Katrina] Naval Hosp, Camp Lejeune Family Med Residency, Camp Lejeune, NC USA. [Ridpath, Lance; Hanna, Jandy B.] West Virginia Sch Osteopath Med, Lewisburg, PA USA. RP Hanna, JB (reprint author), 400 N Lee St, Lewisburg, WV 24901 USA. EM jhanna@osteo.wvsom.edu OI Hanna, Jandy/0000-0003-1543-973X FU WVSOM intramural grant FX A WVSOM intramural grant was provided to cover the costs of the survey tool and printing of flyers. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER OSTEOPATHIC ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 142 EAST ONTARIO STREET, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2864 USA SN 0098-6151 EI 1945-1997 J9 J AM OSTEOPATH ASSOC JI J. Am. Osteopath. Assoc. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 116 IS 8 BP 512 EP 520 DI 10.7556/jaoa.2016.104 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EG1GQ UT WOS:000390780800005 PM 27455100 ER PT J AU Teltsch, DY Swain, RS Farsani, SF Brodovicz, KG Kaspers, S Huse, S Sicignano, N Nordstrom, BL Bartels, DB AF Teltsch, Dana Y. Swain, Richard S. Farsani, Soulmaz Fazeli Brodovicz, Kimberly G. Kaspers, Stefan Huse, Samuel Sicignano, Nicholas Nordstrom, Beth L. Bartels, Dorothee B. TI Development and Validation of an Algorithm for Identifying Pediatric Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Claims Data SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Teltsch, Dana Y.; Huse, Samuel; Nordstrom, Beth L.] Evidera, Real World Evidence, Lexington, MA USA. [Swain, Richard S.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Swain, Richard S.] Evidera, Bethesda, MD USA. [Farsani, Soulmaz Fazeli; Brodovicz, Kimberly G.; Bartels, Dorothee B.] Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH & Co KG, Corp Dept Global Epidemiol, Ingelheim, Germany. [Kaspers, Stefan] Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Ingelheim, Germany. [Sicignano, Nicholas] Hlth ResearchTx, Trevose, PA USA. [Sicignano, Nicholas] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Pediat, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Bartels, Dorothee B.] Hannover Med Sch, Inst Epidemiol Social Med & Hlth Syst Res, Hannover, Germany. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1053-8569 EI 1099-1557 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 25 SU S3 MA 50 BP 32 EP 33 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DY9VP UT WOS:000385483501050 ER PT J AU Swain, RS Holbrook, JT Teltsch, DY Cristaldi, CL Segal, JB Alexander, GC AF Swain, Richard S. Holbrook, Janet T. Teltsch, Dana Y. Cristaldi, Christina L. Segal, Jodi B. Alexander, G. Caleb TI Estimated Effects of Treatment Changes on Hemoglobin A1c in a Cohort with Incident Type 1 Diabetes SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Swain, Richard S.; Holbrook, Janet T.; Segal, Jodi B.; Alexander, G. Caleb] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Swain, Richard S.; Teltsch, Dana Y.] Evidera, Bethesda, MD USA. [Cristaldi, Christina L.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1053-8569 EI 1099-1557 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 25 SU S3 MA 96 BP 60 EP 61 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DY9VP UT WOS:000385483501095 ER PT J AU Swain, RS Segal, JB Teltsch, DY Cristaldi, MAJCL Alexander, GC Holbrook, JT AF Swain, Richard S. Segal, Jodi B. Teltsch, Dana Y. Cristaldi, M. A. J. Christina L. Alexander, G. Caleb Holbrook, Janet T. TI Treatment Patterns in a Cohort of Patients with Incident Type 1 Diabetes SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Swain, Richard S.; Segal, Jodi B.; Alexander, G. Caleb; Holbrook, Janet T.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Swain, Richard S.; Teltsch, Dana Y.] Evidera, Bethesda, MD USA. [Cristaldi, M. A. J. Christina L.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1053-8569 EI 1099-1557 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 25 SU S3 MA 100 BP 63 EP 63 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DY9VP UT WOS:000385483501099 ER PT J AU Swain, RS Alexander, GC Teltsch, DY Cristaldi, MAJCL Holbrook, JT Segal, JB AF Swain, Richard S. Alexander, G. Caleb Teltsch, Dana Y. Cristaldi, M. A. J. Christina L. Holbrook, Janet T. Segal, Jodi B. TI Estimated Effects of Treatment Changes on Emergency Care Utilization in a Cohort of Patients with Type 1 Diabetes SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Swain, Richard S.; Alexander, G. Caleb; Holbrook, Janet T.; Segal, Jodi B.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Swain, Richard S.; Teltsch, Dana Y.] Evidera, Bethesda, MD USA. [Cristaldi, M. A. J. Christina L.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1053-8569 EI 1099-1557 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 25 SU S3 MA 425 BP 248 EP 249 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DY9VP UT WOS:000385483502058 ER PT J AU De Gregorio, BT Stroud, RM Abreu, N Howard, K AF De Gregorio, B. T. Stroud, R. M. Abreu, N. Howard, K. TI DETERMINATION OF THE MODAL ABUNDANCE OF NANO-SCALE AMORPHOUS SILICATE USING SELECTED AREA ELECTRON DIFFRACTION MAPPING. SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 07-12, 2016 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Meteorit Soc C1 [De Gregorio, B. T.; Stroud, R. M.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Code 6366,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abreu, N.] Penn State Univ DuBois, Dept Earth Sci, Du Bois, PA USA. [Howard, K.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, New York, NY 10024 USA. EM bradley.degregorio@nrl.navy.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 51 SU 1 SI SI BP A223 EP A223 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED2GQ UT WOS:000388662400081 ER PT J AU Groopman, EE Fahey, AJ Grabowski, KS AF Groopman, E. E. Fahey, A. J. Grabowski, K. S. TI TRACE ELEMENT DETERMINATION IN PRESOLAR GRAINS WITH THE NRL SIMS-SSAMS. SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 07-12, 2016 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Meteorit Soc C1 [Groopman, E. E.] CNR, 500 Fifth St NW, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Groopman, E. E.; Fahey, A. J.; Grabowski, K. S.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM evan.groopman.ctr@nrl.navy.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 51 SU 1 SI SI BP A298 EP A298 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED2GQ UT WOS:000388662400156 ER PT J AU Liu, N Steele, A Nittler, LR Alexander, CMO Stroud, RM Wang, J AF Liu, N. Steele, A. Nittler, L. R. Alexander, C. M. O'D. Stroud, R. M. Wang, J. TI A NOVEL AND NON-DESTRUCTIVE METHOD TO IDENTIFY RARE TYPE PRESOLAR SiC: COORDINATED EDX AND MICRO-RAMAN ANALYSIS. SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 07-12, 2016 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Meteorit Soc C1 [Liu, N.; Nittler, L. R.; Alexander, C. M. O'D.; Wang, J.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Steele, A.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Stroud, R. M.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM nliu@carnegiescience.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 51 SU 1 SI SI BP A418 EP A418 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED2GQ UT WOS:000388662400276 ER PT J AU Stroud, RM Nittler, LR Moyano-Cambero, CE Trigo-Rodriguez, JM Davidson, J De Gregorio, BT Alexander, CMO AF Stroud, R. M. Nittler, L. R. Moyano-Cambero, C. E. Trigo-Rodriguez, J. M. Davidson, J. De Gregorio, B. T. Alexander, C. M. O'D TI PRESERVATION OF GEMS AND PRESOLAR SILICATES IN AN ULTRACARBONACEOUS CLAST IN LAPAZ ICEFIELD 02342 (CR). SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 07-12, 2016 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Meteorit Soc C1 [Stroud, R. M.; De Gregorio, B. T.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nittler, L. R.; Davidson, J.; Alexander, C. M. O'D] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Moyano-Cambero, C. E.; Trigo-Rodriguez, J. M.] Inst Space Sci CSIC IEEC, Fac Sci, Campus UAB,C5-p2, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 51 SU 1 SI SI BP A606 EP A606 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED2GQ UT WOS:000388662400464 ER PT J AU Taylor, S Lever, JH Alexander, CMO Brownlee, DE Messenger, S Nittler, LR Stroud, RM Wozniakiewicz, P Clemett, S AF Taylor, S. Lever, J. H. Alexander, C. M. O'D Brownlee, D. E. Messenger, S. Nittler, L. R. Stroud, R. M. Wozniakiewicz, P. Clemett, S. TI SAMPLING INTERPLANETARY DUST PARTICLES FROM ANTARCTIC AIR. SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 07-12, 2016 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Meteorit Soc ID MICROMETEORITES; GRAINS; SNOW C1 [Taylor, S.; Lever, J. H.] CRREL, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Alexander, C. M. O'D; Nittler, L. R.] Carnegie Inst Sci, 5241 Broad Branch Rd NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Brownlee, D. E.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 91195 USA. [Messenger, S.; Clemett, S.] NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, ARES, Code SR, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Stroud, R. M.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wozniakiewicz, P.] Univ Kent, Sch Phys Sci, Ingram Bldg, Canterbury CT2 7NH, Kent, England. EM Susan.Taylor@erdc.dren.mil; James.Lever@erdc.dren.mil; alexande@dtm.ciw.edu; browlee@astro.washington.edu; scott.messenger@nasa.gov; lnit-tler@ciw.edu; stroud@nrl.navy.mil; pjw@kent.ac.uk; simon.j.clemett@nasa.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 51 SU 1 SI SI BP A618 EP A618 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED2GQ UT WOS:000388662400476 ER PT J AU Crouse, DF AF Crouse, David F. TI On Implementing 2D Rectangular Assignment Algorithms SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID AUGMENTING PATH ALGORITHM; ASSOCIATION; COST AB This paper reviews research into solving the two-dimensional (2D) rectangular assignment problem and combines the best methods to implement a k-best 2D rectangular assignment algorithm with bounded runtime. This paper condenses numerous results as an understanding of the "best" algorithm, a strong polynomial-time algorithm with a low polynomial order (a shortest augmenting path approach), would require assimilating information from many separate papers, each making a small contribution. 2D rectangular assignment Matlab code is provided. C1 [Crouse, David F.] Naval Res Lab, Code 534,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Crouse, DF (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 534,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.crouse@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Base Program FX This research is supported by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Base Program. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9251 EI 1557-9603 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 52 IS 4 BP 1679 EP 1696 DI 10.1109/TAES.2016.140952 PG 18 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA ED2BL UT WOS:000388648500023 ER PT J AU Baggenstoss, PM Harrison, BF AF Baggenstoss, Paul M. Harrison, Brian F. TI Class-Specific Model Mixtures for the Classification of Acoustic Time Series SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID AUTOMATIC TARGET RECOGNITION; CLASS-SPECIFIC FEATURES; HIDDEN MARKOV-MODELS; SEGMENTATION; THEOREM; RADAR AB We present a new classifier for acoustic time series that involves a mixture of generative models. The models use a variety of segmentation sizes and feature extraction methods, yet can be combined at a higher level using a mixture probability density function (PDF) thanks to the PDF projection theorem (PPT) that converts the feature PDF to raw time series PDFs. The effectiveness of the method is compared with the leading methods and is shown to be superior using three data sets. C1 [Baggenstoss, Paul M.] Fraunhofer FKIE, KOM, Fraunhoferstr 22, D-53343 Wachtberg, Nordrhein Westp, Germany. [Harrison, Brian F.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Baggenstoss, PM (reprint author), Fraunhofer FKIE, KOM, Fraunhoferstr 22, D-53343 Wachtberg, Nordrhein Westp, Germany. EM p.m.baggenstoss@ieee.org NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9251 EI 1557-9603 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 52 IS 4 BP 1937 EP 1952 DI 10.1109/TAES.2016.150285 PG 16 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA ED2BL UT WOS:000388648500034 ER PT J AU Shanks, GD Burroughs, S Sohn, JD Waters, NC Smith, VF Waller, M Brundage, JF AF Shanks, G. Dennis Burroughs, Steven Sohn, Joshua D. Waters, Norman C. Smith, Virginia F. Waller, Michael Brundage, John F. TI Variable Mortality From the 1918-1919 Influenza Pandemic During Military Training SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ARMY AB During the 1918-1919 pandemic, influenza mortality widely varied across populations and locations. Records of U.S. military members in mobilization camps (n = 40), military academies, and officer training schools were examined to document differences in influenza experiences during the fall 1918. During the fall-winter 19181919, mortality percentages were higher among soldiers in U.S. Army mobilization camps (0.34-4.3%) than among officer trainees (0-1.0%). Susceptibility to infection and clinical expressions of 1918 pandemic influenza varied largely based on host epidemiological characteristics rather than the inherent virulence of the virus. C1 [Shanks, G. Dennis] Australian Army Malaria Inst, Gallipoli Barracks, Weary Dunlop Dr, Enoggera, Qld 4051, Australia. [Shanks, G. Dennis; Waller, Michael] Univ Queensland, Ctr Australian Mil & Vet Hlth, Sch Populat Hlth, 288 Herston Rd, Brisbane, Qld 2006, Australia. [Burroughs, Steven; Waters, Norman C.] US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, 646 Swift Rd, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Sohn, Joshua D.; Smith, Virginia F.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, 572M Holloway Rd,MS-9B, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Brundage, John F.] AFHSC, 11800 Tech Rd,Suite 220, Silver Spring, MD 20904 USA. RP Shanks, GD (reprint author), Australian Army Malaria Inst, Gallipoli Barracks, Weary Dunlop Dr, Enoggera, Qld 4051, Australia.; Shanks, GD (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Ctr Australian Mil & Vet Hlth, Sch Populat Hlth, 288 Herston Rd, Brisbane, Qld 2006, Australia. RI Waller, Michael/R-6231-2016 OI Waller, Michael/0000-0002-1050-4574 FU Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (GEIS) at the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center of the U.S. Department of Defense FX We thank midshipmen (now Ensigns) Mary M. Coughlin and Corinne A. Landis for collecting data at the U.S. Naval Academy as well as Mrs. Alicia Mauldin at the U.S. Military Academy, Dr. Jennifer Bryan at the U.S. Naval Academy and Ms. Odette Hopwood at the Australian Defence Force Library, Gallipoli Barracks for help in locating data. The Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (GEIS) at the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center of the U.S. Department of Defense provided funding for this project. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 181 IS 8 BP 878 EP 882 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00124 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DW5MI UT WOS:000383688900034 PM 27483527 ER PT J AU Hilger, KA Hilger, JR Putnam, SD Carstairs, SD Maves, RC AF Hilger, Keren Arkin Hilger, James R. Putnam, Shannon D. Carstairs, Shaun D. Maves, Ryan C. TI Feasibility and Patient Acceptance of Emergency Department-Based Influenza Vaccination in a Military Medical Center SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION; ADULTS AB Influenza vaccination rates in the United States remain low. Many emergency department (ED) patients may not routinely seek care elsewhere. In a survey of ED visitors, 36.8% of unvaccinated respondents were willing to consider influenza vaccination during their visit. Participants at high risk for influenza complications were more likely to have been previously vaccinated, but unvaccinated participants at high risk were not significantly more likely to consider ED-based vaccination compared with other participants. ED-based influenza vaccination may be an effective method to expand vaccine coverage. C1 [Hilger, Keren Arkin; Carstairs, Shaun D.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Emergency Med, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Hilger, James R.] NOAA, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Putnam, Shannon D.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Operat Infect Dis Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Maves, Ryan C.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Maves, Ryan C.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Pulm & Crit Care Med, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Hilger, KA (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Emergency Med, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 181 IS 8 BP 883 EP 886 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00074 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DW5MI UT WOS:000383688900035 PM 27483528 ER PT J AU Miller, KE Coan, EB AF Miller, Kyle E. Coan, Erin B. TI Penetrating Orbital Injury From a Needlefish SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FOREIGN-BODIES; IMPALEMENT AB Orbital penetrating injuries are an unfortunately common occurrence; however, those from marine animals are rare. Injuries from marine animals can be quite profound and there are no known reports of complete visual recovery after an orbital penetrating injury. Complications range from secondary infection to a carotid-cavernous fistula, which can complicate the management of these patients. We report a case of penetrating orbital injury from a needlefish with complete return of visual function after surgical removal of foreign debris and an extended course of antibiotics. C1 [Miller, Kyle E.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Ophthalmol, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Coan, Erin B.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RP Miller, KE (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Ophthalmol, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 181 IS 8 BP E962 EP E964 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00449 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DW5MI UT WOS:000383688900006 PM 27483544 ER PT J AU Fennel, K Laurent, A Hetland, R Justic, D Ko, DS Lehrter, J Murrell, M Wang, LX Yu, LQ Zhang, WX AF Fennel, Katja Laurent, Arnaud Hetland, Robert Justic, Dubravko Ko, Dong S. Lehrter, John Murrell, Michael Wang, Lixia Yu, Liuqian Zhang, Wenxia TI Effects of model physics on hypoxia simulations for the northern Gulf of Mexico: A model intercomparison SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID LOUISIANA CONTINENTAL-SHELF; UNSTRUCTURED GRIDS; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; CHESAPEAKE BAY; OCEAN; WIND; VARIABILITY; SEDIMENT; COASTAL; VOLUME AB A large hypoxic zone forms every summer on the Texas-Louisiana Shelf in the northern Gulf of Mexico due to nutrient and freshwater inputs from the Mississippi/Atchafalaya River System. Efforts are underway to reduce the extent of hypoxic conditions through reductions in river nutrient inputs, but the response of hypoxia to such nutrient load reductions is difficult to predict because biological responses are confounded by variability in physical processes. The objective of this study is to identify the major physical model aspects that matter for hypoxia simulation and prediction. In order to do so, we compare three different circulation models (ROMS, FVCOM, and NCOM) implemented for the northern Gulf of Mexico, all coupled to the same simple oxygen model, with observations and against each other. By using a highly simplified oxygen model, we eliminate the potentially confounding effects of a full biogeochemical model and can isolate the effects of physical features. In a systematic assessment, we found that (1) model-tomodel differences in bottom water temperatures result in differences in simulated hypoxia because temperature influences the uptake rate of oxygen by the sediments (an important oxygen sink in this system), (2) vertical stratification does not explain model-to-model differences in hypoxic conditions in a straightforward way, and (3) the thickness of the bottom boundary layer, which sets the thickness of the hypoxic layer in all three models, is key to determining the likelihood of a model to generate hypoxic conditions. These results imply that hypoxic area, the commonly used metric in the northern Gulf which ignores hypoxic layer thickness, is insufficient for assessing a model's ability to accurately simulate hypoxia, and that hypoxic volume needs to be considered as well. C1 [Fennel, Katja; Laurent, Arnaud; Yu, Liuqian; Zhang, Wenxia] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Hetland, Robert; Zhang, Wenxia] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Justic, Dubravko; Wang, Lixia] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Ko, Dong S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Hancock Cty, MS USA. [Lehrter, John; Murrell, Michael] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. RP Fennel, K (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS, Canada. EM Katja.Fennel@dal.ca OI Laurent, Arnaud/0000-0002-8545-9309 FU NOAA through Coastal Ocean Modeling Testbed (COMT) project FX This work was supported by NOAA through the Coastal Ocean Modeling Testbed (COMT) project. All data used in this publication are available via the links provided in the methods section. The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NGOMEX publication number 210. NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD AUG PY 2016 VL 121 IS 8 BP 5731 EP 5750 DI 10.1002/2015JC011577 PG 20 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA EA8TU UT WOS:000386912700021 ER PT J AU Lozovatsky, I Wijesekera, H Jarosz, E Lilover, MJ Pirro, A Silver, Z Centurioni, L Fernando, HJS AF Lozovatsky, Iossif Wijesekera, Hemantha Jarosz, Ewa Lilover, Madis-Jaak Pirro, Annunziata Silver, Zachariah Centurioni, Luca Fernando, H. J. S. TI A snapshot of internal waves and hydrodynamic instabilities in the southern Bay of Bengal SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID CHINA SEA; SRI-LANKA; HEIGHTS; MONSOON; LAYER; SHEAR; GENERATION; CREST; MODEL AB Measurements conducted in the southern Bay of Bengal (BoB) as a part of the ASIRI-EBoB Program portray the characteristics of high-frequency internal waves in the upper pycnocline as well as the velocity structure with episodic events of shear instability. A 20 h time series of CTD, ADCP, and acoustic backscatter profiles down to 150 m as well as temporal CTD measurements in the pycnocline at z=54 m were taken to the east of Sri Lanka. Internal waves of periods similar to 10-40 min were recorded at all depths below a shallow (similar to 20-30 m) surface mixed layer in the background of an 8 m amplitude internal tide. The absolute values of vertical displacements associated with high-frequency waves followed the Nakagami distribution with a median value of 2.1 m and a 95% quintile 6.5 m. The internal wave amplitudes are normally distributed. The tails of the distribution deviate from normality due to episodic high-amplitude displacements. The sporadic appearance of internal waves with amplitudes exceeding similar to 5 m usually coincided with patches of low Richardson numbers, pointing to local shear instability as a possible mechanism of internalwave- induced turbulence. The probability of shear instability in the summer BoB pycnocline based on an exponential distribution of the inverse Richardson number, however, appears to be relatively low, not exceeding 4% for Ri < 0.25 and about 10% for Ri < 0.36 (K-H billows). The probability of the generation of asymmetric breaking internal waves and Holmboe instabilities is above similar to 25%. C1 [Lozovatsky, Iossif; Pirro, Annunziata; Silver, Zachariah; Fernando, H. J. S.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Wijesekera, Hemantha; Jarosz, Ewa] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Lilover, Madis-Jaak] Tallinn Univ Technol, Inst Marine Syst, Tallinn, Estonia. [Centurioni, Luca] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Fernando, H. J. S.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Lozovatsky, I (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM i.lozovatsky@nd.edu FU United States Office of Naval Research via Departmental Research Initiative "Air-Sea Interactions in Northern Indian Ocean (ASIRI)"; United States Office of Naval Research through Naval Research Laboratory Project, "Effects of Bay of Bengal Freshwater Flux on Indian Ocean Monsoon (EBOB)"; ONR [N00014-13-1-0199, N00014-14-1-0279, N00014-13-1-0477]; NOAA grant "Global Drifter Program" [NA10OAR4320156] FX This work was supported by the United States Office of Naval Research via the Departmental Research Initiative "Air-Sea Interactions in Northern Indian Ocean (ASIRI)" and through the Naval Research Laboratory Project, "Effects of Bay of Bengal Freshwater Flux on Indian Ocean Monsoon (EBOB)." Support for the University of Notre Dame researchers was provided through ONR grants N00014-13-1-0199 and N00014-14-1-0279. L. Centurioni was supported by ONR grant N00014-13-1-0477 and NOAA grant "Global Drifter Program" NA10OAR4320156. Assistance provided by the crew of the R/V Roger Revelle is greatly appreciated. The authors agree that all data necessary to evaluate and build upon the work in this paper are included in the figures and table and available upon request from the first author (e-mail: i.lozovatsky@nd.edu). NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD AUG PY 2016 VL 121 IS 8 BP 5898 EP 5915 DI 10.1002/2016JC011697 PG 18 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA EA8TU UT WOS:000386912700030 ER PT J AU Gallaher, SG Stanton, TP Shaw, WJ Cole, ST Toole, JM Wilkinson, JP Maksym, T Hwang, B AF Gallaher, Shawn G. Stanton, Timothy P. Shaw, William J. Cole, Sylvia T. Toole, John M. Wilkinson, Jeremy P. Maksym, Ted Hwang, Byongjun TI Evolution of a Canada Basin ice-ocean boundary layer and mixed layer across a developing thermodynamically forced marginal ice zone SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID ARCTIC SEA-ICE; GREENLAND SEA; SUMMER; HEAT; VARIABILITY; TRANSPORT; IMPACT; ALBEDO; FLUXES AB A comprehensive set of autonomous, ice-ocean measurements were collected across the Canada Basin to study the summer evolution of the ice-ocean boundary layer (IOBL) and ocean mixed layer (OML). Evaluation of local heat and freshwater balances and associated turbulent forcing reveals that melt ponds (MPs) strongly influence the summer IOBL-OML evolution. Areal expansion of MPs in mid-June start the upper ocean evolution resulting in significant increases to ocean absorbed radiative flux (19 W m(-2) in this study). Buoyancy provided by MP drainage shoals and freshens the IOBL resulting in a 39 MJ m(-2) increase in heat storage in just 19 days (52% of the summer total). Following MP drainage, a near-surface fresh layer deepens through shear-forced mixing to form the summer mixed layer (sML). In late summer, basal melt increases due to stronger turbulent mixing in the thin sML and the expansion of open water areas due in part to wind-forced divergence of the sea ice. Thermal heterogeneities in the marginal ice zone (MIZ) upper ocean led to large ocean-to-ice heat fluxes (100-200 W m(-2)) and enhanced basal ice melt (36 cm d(-1)), well away from the ice edge. Calculation of the upper ocean heat budget shows that local radiative heat input accounted for at least 89% of the observed latent heat losses and heat storage (partitioned 0.77/0.23). These results suggest that the extensive area of deteriorating sea ice observed away from the ice edge during the 2014 season, termed the "thermodynamically forced MIZ," was driven primarily by local shortwave radiative forcing. C1 [Gallaher, Shawn G.; Stanton, Timothy P.; Shaw, William J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Cole, Sylvia T.; Toole, John M.; Maksym, Ted] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Wilkinson, Jeremy P.] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, England. [Hwang, Byongjun] Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban, Argyll, Scotland. RP Gallaher, SG (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM sggallah1@nps.edu RI Cole, Sylvia/K-6388-2013 OI Cole, Sylvia/0000-0001-6579-142X FU U.S. Office of Naval Research [N0001414WX20089, N0001415WX01195, N00014-12-1-0140] FX We would like to thank the three anonymous reviewers whose comments and suggestions substantially improved the quality of this paper. This material is based upon research supported by, or in part by, the U.S. Office of Naval Research under award numbers N0001414WX20089, N0001415WX01195, and N00014-12-1-0140. Jim Stockel contributed extensively to the software development, assembly, and data processing of the AOFB sensor suite. We would also like to thank the MIZ DRI team for their assistance in deploying the AOFB sensors during the 2014 field program. The MIZ experiment data were consolidated and made available by the University of Washington Applied Physics Lab (APL) on their collaboratory site (http://www.apl.washington.edu/project/project.php?id=miz). IMB 2014C data were provided courtesy of Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) (http://imb.crrel.usace.army.mil/). Declassified electro-optical imagery was made available by the U.S. intelligence community with assistance from Rob Graydon of Scitor Corporation and is hosted on the U.S. Geological Survey Global Fiducials Library Data Access Portal (http://gfl.usgs.gov/gallery_main.shtml?current=4). SAR imagery was provided by the Center for Southeastern Tropical Advanced Remote Sensing (CSTARS) and is available on the APL-MIZ remote sensing webpage (http://www.apl.washington.edu/project/project.php?id=miz). CFSR data were provided courtesy of NOAA's Environmental Modeling Center at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (http://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds094.0/). NR 54 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD AUG PY 2016 VL 121 IS 8 BP 6223 EP 6250 DI 10.1002/2016JC011778 PG 28 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA EA8TU UT WOS:000386912700049 ER PT J AU Na, H Watts, DR Park, JH Jeon, C Lee, HJ Nonaka, M Greene, AD AF Na, Hanna Watts, D. Randolph Park, Jae-Hun Jeon, Chanhyung Lee, Ho Jin Nonaka, Masami Greene, Andrew D. TI Bottom pressure variability in the Kuroshio Extension driven by the atmosphere and ocean instabilities SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SEA-LEVEL VARIABILITY; SURFACE PRESSURE; WIND-DRIVEN; DISTURBANCES; CIRCULATION; TOPOGRAPHY; REANALYSIS; ALTIMETRY; GRAVITY; EDDIES AB The relative importance of atmospheric forcing on oceanic intraseasonal (7-60 days) barotropic variability is investigated in the Kuroshio Extension region by comparing in situ measurements with two models: a wind-forced barotropic model and an ocean general circulation model. Large-scale wind stress curl forcing (an atmospheric mode) becomes successively more influential with decreasing periods (at 7-15 day band, compared to 15-30 day and 30-60 day bands). On the other hand, oceanic instabilities (an oceanic mode) become more important with increasing period (at 30-60 day band, compared to 15-30 day and 7-15 day bands). Comparison between the barotropic model and the ocean general circulation model results reveals differences on the broader gyre scale: the atmospheric mode exhibits basin-mode-like spatial patterns with faster phase propagation from east to west, whereas the oceanic mode shows eddy-like spatial patterns with slower westward propagation. The atmospheric mode, which has received less attention on the intraseasonal time scale, contributes an important fraction to the barotropic variability in the Kuroshio Extension region. C1 [Na, Hanna] Korea Inst Ocean Sci & Technol, Ocean Circulat & Climate Res Ctr, Ansan, South Korea. [Watts, D. Randolph] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Park, Jae-Hun; Jeon, Chanhyung] Inha Univ, Dept Ocean Sci, Inchon, South Korea. [Lee, Ho Jin] Korea Maritime & Ocean Univ, Coll Ocean Sci & Technol, Busan, South Korea. [Nonaka, Masami] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Applicat Lab, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. [Greene, Andrew D.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI USA. RP Park, JH (reprint author), Inha Univ, Dept Ocean Sci, Inchon, South Korea. EM jaehunpark@inha.ac.kr RI Nonaka, Masami/G-3417-2014 FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0221008, 0827280, 0851246]; KIOST [PE99458, PE99392]; Hokkaido University; project "Development of satellite based ocean carbon flux model for seas around Korea" - Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, Republic of Korea FX We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments that helped greatly to improve earlier version of the manuscript. The KESS bottom pressure data were obtained with support from the National Science Foundation as part of the Kuroshio Extension System Study (OCE-0221008, 0827280, and 0851246) and the data can be downloaded from http://www.po.gso.uri.edu/dynamics/KESS/CPIES_data.html. The OFES simulation was conducted on the Earth Simulator under the support of JAMSTEC and details are available at http://www.jamstec.go.jp/esc/research/AtmOcn/product/ofes.html. The ECMWF and NCEP/NCAR wind data may be obtained from http://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds627.0/#!description and http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.html, respectively. GRACE data were processed by Don P. Chambers, supported by the NASA MEaSUREs Program, and are available at http://grace.jpl.nasa.gov/data/getdata/monthly-mass-grids-ocean/. This study was supported by KIOST in-house grants PE99458 and PE99392. H. Na acknowledges partial support from the F3 project of Hokkaido University. J.-H. Park was supported by the project "Development of satellite based ocean carbon flux model for seas around Korea," funded by Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, Republic of Korea. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD AUG PY 2016 VL 121 IS 8 BP 6507 EP 6519 DI 10.1002/2016JC012097 PG 13 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA EA8TU UT WOS:000386912700064 ER PT J AU Reed, JH Clegg, AW Padaki, AV Yang, TY Nealy, R Dietrich, C Anderson, CR Mearns, DM AF Reed, Jeffrey H. Clegg, Andrew W. Padaki, Aditya V. Yang, Taeyoung Nealy, Randall Dietrich, Carl Anderson, Christopher R. Mearns, D. Michael TI On the Co-Existence of TD-LTE and Radar Over 3.5 GHz Band: An Experimental Study SO IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Co-existence; 3.5GHz; LTE; spectrum sharing; radar; SPN-43; exclusion zones; interference AB This letter presents a pioneering study based on a series of experiments on the operation of commercial Time-Division Long-Term Evolution (TD-LTE) systems in the presence of pulsed interfering signals in the 3550-3650 MHz band. TD-LTE operations were carried out in channels overlapping and adjacent to the high power SPN-43 radar with various frequency offsets between the two systems to evaluate the susceptibility of LTE to a high power interfering signal. Our results demonstrate that LTE communication using low antenna heights was not adversely affected by the pulsed interfering signal operating on adjacent frequencies irrespective of the distance of interfering transmitter. Performance was degraded only for very close distances (1-2 km) of overlapping frequencies of interfering transmitter. C1 [Reed, Jeffrey H.; Padaki, Aditya V.; Yang, Taeyoung; Nealy, Randall; Dietrich, Carl] Virginia Tech, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wireless VT, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Clegg, Andrew W.; Padaki, Aditya V.] Google, Reston, VA 20190 USA. [Anderson, Christopher R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Mearns, D. Michael] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP Padaki, AV (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wireless VT, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.; Padaki, AV (reprint author), Google, Reston, VA 20190 USA. EM reedjh@vt.edu; aclegg@google.com; avpadaki@vt.edu; canderso@usna.edu; david.mearns@navy.mil FU Google; Federated Wireless; National Science Foundation [ECCS-1247928]; Wireless@VT Affiliates FX This work was supported in part by Google, in part by Federated Wireless, in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant ECCS-1247928, and in part by Wireless@VT Affiliates. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was N. B. Mehta. (Corresponding author: Aditya V. Padaki.) NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2162-2337 EI 2162-2345 J9 IEEE WIREL COMMUN LE JI IEEE Wirel. Commun. Lett. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 5 IS 4 BP 368 EP 371 DI 10.1109/LWC.2016.2560179 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA DZ7TR UT WOS:000386070400008 ER PT J AU Hafez, MM AF Hafez, Mohammed M. TI Political Islam in the Age of Democratization SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES LA English DT Book Review C1 [Hafez, Mohammed M.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Hafez, MM (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM mmhafez@nps.edu RI Ababneh, Sara/E-7687-2017 OI Ababneh, Sara/0000-0002-7746-0975 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0020-7438 EI 1471-6380 J9 INT J MIDDLE E STUD JI Int. J. Middle East Stud. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 48 IS 3 BP 607 EP 609 DI 10.1017/S0020743816000660 PG 4 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA DZ2AY UT WOS:000385645500025 ER PT J AU Tanaka, YT Gonzalez, JB Itoh, R Finke, JD Inoue, Y Ojha, R Carpenter, B Lindfors, E Krauss, F Desiante, R Shiki, K Fukazawa, Y Longo, F McEnery, JE Buson, S Nilsson, K Ramazani, VF Reinthal, R Takalo, L Pursimo, T Boschin, W AF Tanaka, Yasuyuki T. Gonzalez, Josefa Becerra Itoh, Ryosuke Finke, Justin D. Inoue, Yoshiyuki Ojha, Roopesh Carpenter, Bryce Lindfors, Elina Krauss, Felicia Desiante, Rachele Shiki, Kensei Fukazawa, Yasushi Longo, Francesco McEnery, Julie E. Buson, Sara Nilsson, Kari Ramazani, Vandad Fallah Reinthal, Riho Takalo, Leo Pursimo, Tapio Boschin, Walter TI A significant hardening and rising shape detected in the MeV/GeV nu F-nu spectrum from the recently discovered very-high-energy blazar S4 0954+65 during the bright optical flare in 2015 February SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: individual (S4 0954+65); galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; gamma rays: galaxies; X-rays: galaxies ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; BL-LAC OBJECTS; GAMMA-RAY; COMPTON ANALYSIS; COMPLETE SAMPLE; SOURCE CATALOG; RADIO QUASARS; PKS 1441+25; FERMI-LAT AB We report on Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) and multi-wavelength results on the recently discovered very-high-energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV) blazar S4 0954+65 (z = 0.368) during an exceptionally bright optical flare in 2015 February. During the time period (2015 February 13/14, or MJD57067) when the MAGIC telescope detected VHE gamma-ray emission from the source, the Fermi-LAT data indicated a significant spectral hardening at GeV energies, with a power-law photon index of 1.8 +/- 0.1-compared with the 3FGL (The Fermi LAT 4-Year Point Source Catalog) value (averaged over four years of observation) of 2.34 +/- 0.04. In contrast, Swift X-Ray Telescope data showed a softening of the X-ray spectrum, with a photon index of 1.72 +/- 0.08 (compared with 1.38 +/- 0.03 averaged during the flare from MJD 57066 to 57077), possibly indicating a modest contribution of synchrotron photons by the highest-energy electrons superposed on the inverse Compton component. Fitting of the quasi-simultaneous (<1 d) broad-band spectrum with a one-zone synchrotron plus inverse-Compton model revealed that GeV/TeV emission could be produced by inverse-Compton scattering of external photons from the dust torus. We emphasize that a flaring blazar showing high flux of greater than or similar to 1.0 x 10(-6) photons cm(-2) s(-1) (E > 100 MeV) and a hard spectral index of Gamma(GeV) < 2.0 detected by Fermi-LAT on daily timescales is a promising target for TeV follow-up by ground-based Cherenkov telescopes to discover high-redshift blazars, investigate their temporal variability and spectral features in the VHE band, and also constrain the intensity of the extragalactic background light. C1 [Tanaka, Yasuyuki T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gonzalez, Josefa Becerra; Ojha, Roopesh; Carpenter, Bryce; McEnery, Julie E.; Buson, Sara] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Gonzalez, Josefa Becerra; McEnery, Julie E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gonzalez, Josefa Becerra; McEnery, Julie E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Itoh, Ryosuke; Shiki, Kensei; Fukazawa, Yasushi] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Finke, Justin D.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Inoue, Yoshiyuki] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Ojha, Roopesh; Buson, Sara] Univ Maryland, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Ojha, Roopesh; Carpenter, Bryce] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, 620 Michigan Ave NE, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Lindfors, Elina; Ramazani, Vandad Fallah; Reinthal, Riho; Takalo, Leo] Univ Turku, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuorla Observ, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland. [Krauss, Felicia] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dr Remeis Sternwarte & ECAP, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Krauss, Felicia] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, Emil Fischer Str 31, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Desiante, Rachele] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Desiante, Rachele] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Sci Matemat Informat & Fis, Via Palladio 8, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Longo, Francesco] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Udine, Italy. [Longo, Francesco] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Nilsson, Kari] Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO, Vaisalantie, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland. [Pursimo, Tapio] Nord Opt Telescope, Apartado 474, E-38700 Santa Cruz De La Palma, Santa Cruz De T, Spain. [Boschin, Walter] Fdn G Galilei INAF Telescopio Nazl Galileo, Rambla JA Fernandez Perez 7, E-38712 Brena Baja, La Palma, Spain. [Boschin, Walter] Inst Astrofis Canarias, C Via Lactea S-N, E-38205 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. [Boschin, Walter] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, Av Astrofis F Sanchez S-N, E-38205 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. RP Tanaka, YT (reprint author), Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. EM ytanaka@hep01.hepl.hiroshima-u.ac.jp FU NASA [NNH12ZDA001N, NNH13ZDA001N-FERMI]; Kakenhi [15K17652] FX We appreciate the referee's careful reading and valuable comments. The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. This research was funded in part by NASA through Fermi Guest Investigator grants NNH12ZDA001N and NNH13ZDA001N-FERMI. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. YTT is supported by Kakenhi 15K17652. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0004-6264 EI 2053-051X J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC JPN JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Jpn. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 68 IS 4 AR 51 DI 10.1093/pasj/psw049 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ1XB UT WOS:000385634000005 ER PT J AU Washburn, A Brown, GG AF Washburn, Alan Brown, Gerald G. TI An exact method for finding shortest routes on a sphere, avoiding obstacles SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS LA English DT Article DE WetRoute; spherical mathematics; finding shortest routes AB On the surface of a sphere, we take as inputs two points, neither of them contained in any of a number of spherical polygon obstacles, and quickly find the shortest route connecting these two points while avoiding any obstacle. The WetRoute method presented here has been adopted by the US Navy for several applications. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 374-385, 2016 C1 [Washburn, Alan; Brown, Gerald G.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Washburn, A (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM awashburn@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX This paper has benefitted considerably from suggestions made by referees. Professor Wilson Price toured the world for us with Google Earth, dropping pins on obstacles to navigation. Research Associate Professor Anton Rowe tends our various implementations and graphical interfaces. Professor Matt Carlyle helped us with shortest path algorithms. This work has been supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-069X EI 1520-6750 J9 NAV RES LOG JI Nav. Res. Logist. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 63 IS 5 BP 374 EP 385 DI 10.1002/nav.21702 PG 12 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA DW4OJ UT WOS:000383622400003 ER PT J AU Rudolph, SM Wall, WS AF Rudolph, Scott Michael Wall, Walter Scott TI Nonlinear Multiconductor Transmission Line Analysis of Broadband Switching Metamaterials SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE Metamaterials; nonlinear circuits AB In this paper, we present a nonlinear multiconductor transmission line model to analyze the time-domain and nonlinear responses of broadband switching metamaterials. This analysis employs coupled transmission lines loaded with nonlinear elements to model the response of the metamaterial structures to a vertically polarized free-space excitation. Using this analysis we first examine the time-domain response of a broadband switching metamaterial structure loaded with high-speed Schottky diodes. We then show that this structure's response to incident power can be effectively inverted by replacing these Schottky diodes with varactor diodes. Experimental results are presented for both structures in WR-284 waveguide, which show good agreement with results generated from full-wave and transmission line analysis. We also use the circuit model to simulate power-dependent material parameters and both the input and output third-order intercept point for both the Schottky-loaded and varactor-loaded metamaterials. C1 [Rudolph, Scott Michael; Wall, Walter Scott] US Naval Res Lab, Tact Elect Warfare Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rudolph, SM (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Tact Elect Warfare Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM scott.rudolph@nrl.navy.mil; walter.scott.wall@gmail.com FU Office of Naval Research [N0001414WX20341] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Grant N0001414WX20341. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-926X EI 1558-2221 J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 64 IS 8 BP 3441 EP 3449 DI 10.1109/TAP.2016.2580160 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA DW9UG UT WOS:000384007600019 ER PT J AU Guyette, AC Naglich, EJ Shin, S AF Guyette, Andrew C. Naglich, Eric J. Shin, Sanghoon TI Switched Allpass-to-Bandstop Absorptive Filters With Constant Group Delay SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE Filtering theory; microwave filters; passive filters; resonator filters ID CIRCUIT; DESIGN AB A new reconfigurable bandstop filter class is proposed, which has the unique property of possessing multiple insertion loss states with a common group delay state. These filters switch between a low-insertion-loss allpass state and a high-rejection bandstop state. The theory, synthesis, and design of these filters are presented. As a demonstration of the concept, a fourth-order constant-group-delay switched bandstop filter microstrip prototype was designed, built, and tested. The prototype has a measured bandstop-state center frequency of 1000 MHz, a 3-dB bandwidth of 119.15 MHz, a stopband rejection of 32.52 dB, a maximum allpass-state insertion loss of 4.08 dB, and a negligible group delay variation between the two states. C1 [Guyette, Andrew C.; Naglich, Eric J.; Shin, Sanghoon] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Guyette, AC (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM andrew.guyette@nrl.navy.mil; eric.naglich@nrl.navy.mil; sang.shin@nrl.navy.mil FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) FX This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9480 EI 1557-9670 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 64 IS 8 SI SI BP 2590 EP 2595 DI 10.1109/TMTT.2016.2586054 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DX1QN UT WOS:000384142200024 ER PT J AU Madey, J Scully, MO Sprangle, P AF Madey, John Scully, Marlan O. Sprangle, Phillip TI The free electron laser: conceptual history SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article DE free electron laser; Boltzmann equation; laser physics ID TRANSVERSE MAGNETIC-FIELD; STIMULATED-EMISSION; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS; RADIATION AB The free electron laser (FEL) has lived up to its promise as given in (Madey 1971 J. Appl. Phys. 42 1906) to wit: 'As shall be seen, finite gain is available ...from the far-infrared through the visible region ...with the further possibility of partially coherent radiation sources in the x-ray region'. In the present paper we review the history of the FEL drawing liberally (and where possible literally) from the original sources. Coauthors, Madey, Scully and Sprangle were involved in the early days of the subject and give a first hand account of the subject with an eye to the future. C1 [Madey, John] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Scully, Marlan O.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Scully, Marlan O.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Sprangle, Phillip] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sprangle, Phillip] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Madey, J (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM madey@hawii.edu; scully@tamu.edu; phillip.sprangle@nrl.navy.mil NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 EI 1402-4896 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 91 IS 8 AR 083003 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/91/8/083003 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DX1JX UT WOS:000384124500003 ER PT J AU Campbell, JR Lolli, S Lewis, JR Gu, Y Welton, EJ AF Campbell, James R. Lolli, Simone Lewis, Jasper R. Gu, Yu Welton, Ellsworth J. TI Daytime Cirrus Cloud Top-of-the-Atmosphere Radiative Forcing Properties at a Midlatitude Site and Their Global Consequences SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL CIRRUS; A-TRAIN; LIDAR; PARAMETERIZATION; SCATTERING; RETRIEVALS; CLIMATE; SENSITIVITY; AEROSOLS; FEEDBACK AB One year of continuous ground-based lidar observations (2012) is analyzed for single-layer cirrus clouds at the NASA Micro Pulse Lidar Network site at the Goddard Space Flight Center to investigate top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) annual net daytime radiative forcing properties. A slight positive net daytime forcing is estimated (i.e., warming): 0.07-0.67 Wm(-2) in sample-relative terms, which reduces to 0.03-0.27 W m(-2) in absolute terms after normalising to unity based on a 40% midlatitude occurrence frequency rate estimated from satellite data. Results are based on bookend solutions for lidar extinction-to-backscatter (20 and 30 sr) and corresponding retrievals of the 532-nm cloud extinction coefficient. Uncertainties due to cloud undersampling, attenuation effects, sample selection, and lidar multiple scattering are described. A net daytime cooling effect is found from the very thinnest clouds (cloud optical depth <= 0.01), which is attributed to relatively high solar zenith angles. A relationship involving positive/negative daytime cloud forcing is demonstrated as a function of solar zenith angle and cloud-top temperature. These properties, combined with the influence of varying surface albedos, are used to conceptualise how daytime cloud forcing likely varies with latitude and season, with cirrus clouds exerting less positive forcing and potentially net TOA cooling approaching the summer poles (not ice and snow covered) versus greater warming at the equator. The existence of such a gradient would lead cirrus to induce varying daytime TOA forcing annually and seasonally, making it a far greater challenge than presently believed to constrain the daytime and diurnal cirrus contributions to global radiation budgets. C1 [Campbell, James R.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Lolli, Simone; Lewis, Jasper R.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Gu, Yu] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Welton, Ellsworth J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Campbell, JR (reprint author), 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM james.campbell@nrlmry.navy.mil RI Campbell, James/C-4884-2012 OI Campbell, James/0000-0003-0251-4550 FU NASA Radiation Sciences Program; NASA Interagency Agreement on behalf of MPLNET [NNG15JA17P] FX The NASA Micro Pulse Lidar Network (MPLNET) is supported by the NASA Radiation Sciences Program (H. Maring). JRC acknowledges the support of NASA Interagency Agreement NNG15JA17P on behalf of MPLNET. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 EI 1558-8432 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 55 IS 8 BP 1667 EP 1679 DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0217.1 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DW0DF UT WOS:000383310400002 ER PT J AU Chaudhary, L Rubin, J AF Chaudhary, Latika Rubin, Jared TI Religious identity and the provision of public goods: Evidence from the Indian Princely States SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Public goods; Identity; Religion; Literacy; Railroads; Post fffices; Princely States; India; Islam; Hinduism ID 18TH-CENTURY INDIA; COMMUNICATION; CHRISTIANITY; PERSISTENCE; ISLAM AB This paper describes a simple model of how a ruler's religious identity affects public goods provision. Our primary insight is that rulers reduce public goods expenditures to a greater degree when there are privately-provided substitutes excludable by religion. The basic idea is that if the good is provided privately to the ruler's co-religionists, the ruler faces weaker incentives to provide this public good because his co-religionists receive lower marginal utility from its provision. Testing such a conjecture is an empirical challenge, however, since the religious identity of rulers rarely varies over time and place. We address this problem by exploiting variation in the religion of rulers in the Indian Princely States. Using data from the 1911 and 1931 Indian censuses, we find that Muslim-ruled states had lower Hindu literacy but had no significant impact on Muslim literacy. This result is consistent with our model, as Muslim religious schools provided a substitute for public schools that served both Hindus and Muslims. The model is further substantiated by the fact that the religion of the ruler had no statistically significant impact on railroad ownership or post office provision, neither of which had privately-provided substitutes. (C) 2016 Association for Comparative Economic Studies. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Chaudhary, Latika] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Rubin, Jared] Chapman Univ, Orange, CA 92866 USA. RP Rubin, J (reprint author), Chapman Univ, Orange, CA 92866 USA. EM lhartman@nps.edu; jrubin@chapman.edu OI Rubin, Jared/0000-0002-3133-7947 FU Hoover Institution FX We are grateful to Sheetal Bharat for sharing her data on colonial post offices. We also wish to thank Sascha Becker, Shameel Ahmad, Lakshmi Iyer, Saumitra Jha, Petra Moser, three anonymous referees, and seminar participants at Stanford University, the 2014 Yale South Asian Economic History Conference, the 2014 ASREC, 2013 AEA and 2012 WEAL Conferences for helpful comments. Latika Chaudhary thanks the Hoover Institution for financial support through the National Fellows Program. All errors are our own. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-5967 EI 1095-7227 J9 J COMP ECON JI J. Comp. Econ. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 44 IS 3 BP 461 EP 483 DI 10.1016/j.jce.2016.05.001 PG 23 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA DW7HP UT WOS:000383822100001 ER PT J AU Corsaro, RD Giovane, F Liou, JC Burchell, MJ Cole, MJ Williams, EG Lagakos, N Sadilek, A Anderson, CR AF Corsaro, Robert D. Giovane, Frank Liou, Jer-Chyi Burchell, Mark J. Cole, Michael J. Williams, Earl G. Lagakos, Nicholas Sadilek, Albert Anderson, Christopher R. TI Characterization of space dust using acoustic impact detection SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID INSTRUMENT AB This paper describes studies leading to the development of an acoustic instrument for measuring properties of micrometeoroids and other dust particles in space. The instrument uses a pair of easily penetrated membranes separated by a known distance. Sensors located on these films detect the transient acoustic signals produced by particle impacts. The arrival times of these signals at the sensor locations are used in a simple multilateration calculation to measure the impact coordinates on each film. Particle direction and speed are found using these impact coordinates and the known membrane separations. This ability to determine particle speed, direction, and time of impact provides the information needed to assign the particle's orbit and identify its likely origin. In many cases additional particle properties can be estimated from the signal amplitudes, including approximate diameter and (for small particles) some indication of composition/morphology. Two versions of this instrument were evaluated in this study. Fiber optic displacement sensors are found advantageous when very thin membranes can be maintained in tension (solar sails, lunar surface). Piezoelectric strain sensors are preferred for thicker films without tension (long duration free flyers). The latter was selected for an upcoming installation on the International Space Station. C1 [Corsaro, Robert D.; Lagakos, Nicholas] Sotera Def Solut, 7230 Lee DeForest Dr, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Giovane, Frank] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Liou, Jer-Chyi] NASA JSC, NASA Orbital Debris Program Off, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Burchell, Mark J.; Cole, Michael J.] Univ Kent, Sch Phys Sci, Canterbury CT2 7NH, Kent, England. [Williams, Earl G.; Lagakos, Nicholas] Naval Res Lab, Code 7130, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sadilek, Albert; Anderson, Christopher R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Corsaro, RD (reprint author), Sotera Def Solut, 7230 Lee DeForest Dr, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. EM Bob@AstroAcoustics.com FU NASA Orbital Debris Office; NASA LASER program FX We wish to thank the NASA Orbital Debris Office, and the NASA LASER program for providing support. Also we are indebted to the Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK) for supporting the hypervelocity facility at the University of Kent. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 140 IS 2 BP 1429 EP 1438 DI 10.1121/1.4960782 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA DW8OT UT WOS:000383916100072 PM 27586768 ER PT J AU Hannon, M Tadlock, MD Melcer, T Walker, J Bandle, J Nieses, K Galarneau, M AF Hannon, Matthew Tadlock, Matthew D. Melcer, Ted Walker, Jay Bandle, Jesse Nieses, Kameran Galarneau, Michael TI Venous thromboembolism after traumatic amputation: an analysis of 366 combat casualties SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Amputation; Combat injury; Venous thromboembolism; Deep vein thrombosis; Pulmonary embolism ID PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; NATURAL-HISTORY; MAJOR TRAUMA; THROMBOSIS; INJURY AB BACKGROUND: We sought to determine the incidence, risk factors, and time course for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (DVT/PE) after combat-related major limb amputations. METHODS: Patients with amputation in Iraq or Afghanistan from 2009 through 2011 were eligible. Details of postinjury care, date of diagnosis of DVT/PE, and injury specific data were collected. Military databases and chart reviews were used. RESULTS: In 366 patients, 103 (28%) had DVT/PE; PE was diagnosed in 59 (16%) and DVT in 59 (16%). Most DVT (69%) and PE (66%) occurred within 10 days. Increasing ventilator days (odds ratio [OR], 1.97; 95% CI, 1.16 to 3.37) and units of blood transfused (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.11 to 2.68) were associated with DVT. Increasing units of fresh-frozen plasma were associated with PE (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.55). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of DVT/PE is high after combat-related amputation. Most DVT/PE occur early and prophylaxis is indicated. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hannon, Matthew; Tadlock, Matthew D.; Bandle, Jesse] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Gen Surg, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Melcer, Ted; Walker, Jay; Nieses, Kameran; Galarneau, Michael] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Med Modeling Simulat & Mission Support Dept, San Diego, CA USA. RP Hannon, M (reprint author), US Naval Hosp Rota, PSC 819 Box 4328, FPO, AE 09645 USA. EM matthew.p.hannon2.mil@mail.mil OI Hannon, Matthew/0000-0002-1631-232X FU Navy Bureau of Medicine Wounded, Ill, and Injured Program [61110]; Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence (EACE) FX This work was supported by funding from the Navy Bureau of Medicine Wounded, Ill, and Injured Program under work unit 61110 and the Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence (EACE). Study sponsors were not involved in the study design, collection or interpretation of data or writing of the manuscript. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. U.S. Government Work (17 USC 105). Not copyrighted in the U.S. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (Protocol NHRC.2007.0016). NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC-ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI BRIDGEWATER PA 685 ROUTE 202-206 STE 3, BRIDGEWATER, NJ 08807 USA SN 0002-9610 EI 1879-1883 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 212 IS 2 BP 230 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2016.01.031 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA DU5EF UT WOS:000382234300006 PM 27290636 ER PT J AU Fluke, LM Hoagland, BD Bedzis, SM Johnston, MG AF Fluke, Laura M. Hoagland, Benjamin D. Bedzis, Stephanie M. Johnston, Michael G. TI Spontaneous Renal Calyceal Rupture: A Rare Cause of an Acute Abdomen in Pregnancy SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article C1 [Fluke, Laura M.; Hoagland, Benjamin D.; Bedzis, Stephanie M.; Johnston, Michael G.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Fluke, LM (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM laura.m.fluke.mil@mail.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI CUMMING PA 115 SAMARITAN DR, #200, CUMMING, GA 30040-2354 USA SN 0003-1348 EI 1555-9823 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 82 IS 8 BP E196 EP E197 PG 2 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA DV9NZ UT WOS:000383269200008 ER PT J AU Dong, X Yan, C Tomer, D Li, CH Li, L AF Dong, X. Yan, C. Tomer, D. Li, C. H. Li, L. TI Spiral growth of few-layer MoS2 by chemical vapor deposition SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLYBDENUM-DISULFIDE; MONOLAYER MOS2; VALLEY POLARIZATION; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; SEMICONDUCTOR; EVOLUTION AB Growth spirals exhibit appealing properties due to a preferred layer stacking and lack of inversion symmetry. Here, we report spiral growth of MoS2 during chemical vapor deposition on SiO2/Si and epitaxial graphene/SiC substrates, and their physical and electronic properties. We determine the layer-dependence of the MoS2 bandgap, ranging from 2.4 eV for the monolayer to a constant of 1.3 eV beyond the fifth layer. We further observe that spirals predominantly initiate at the step edges of the SiC substrate, based on which we propose a growth mechanism driven by screw dislocation created by the coalescence of two growth fronts at steps. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Dong, X.; Yan, C.; Tomer, D.; Li, L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. [Li, C. H.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Li, L (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. EM lianli@uwm.edu FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1508560] FX This work is supported by the National Science Foundation (DMR-1508560). NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 26 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 5 AR 051604 DI 10.1063/1.4960583 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DV7BQ UT WOS:000383091400011 ER PT J AU Mai, MR Zhang, B Li, XF Hwang, PA Zhang, JA AF Mai, Mingrun Zhang, Biao Li, Xiaofeng Hwang, Paul A. Zhang, Jun A. TI Application of AMSR-E and AMSR2 Low-Frequency Channel Brightness Temperature Data for Hurricane Wind Retrievals SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Hurricane; radiometer; passive microwave remote sensing; wind retrievals ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; BAND POLARIMETRIC RADAR; SEA-SURFACE; POLARIZATION SAR; SPEED RETRIEVAL; OCEAN SURFACE; MICROWAVE RADIOMETER; VECTOR WINDS; MODEL; ROUGHNESS AB We present a method to retrieve wind speeds in hurricanes from spaceborne passive microwave radiometer data. Brightness temperature (TB) observations acquired at the 6.9-GHz horizontal polarization channel by the AMSR-E and AMSR2 onboard the Earth Observing System Aqua and Global Change Observation Mission-Water 1 satellites are selected for wind retrieval due to the fact that the signal at this frequency is sensitive to high wind speeds but less sensitive to rain scatter than those acquired at other higher frequency channels. The AMSR-E and AMSR2 observations of 53 hurricanes between 2002 and 2014 are collected and collocated with stepped-frequency microwave radiometer (SFMR) measurements. Based on the small slope approximation/small perturbation method model and an ocean surface roughness spectrum, the wind speeds are retrieved from the TB data and validated against the SFMR measurements. The statistical comparison of the entire data set shows that the bias and root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the retrieved wind speeds are 1.11 and 4.34 m/s, respectively, which suggests that the proposed method can obtain high wind speeds under hurricane conditions. Two case studies show that the wind speed retrieval bias and RMSE are 1.08 and 3.93 m/s for Hurricane Earl and 0.09 and 3.23 m/s for Hurricane Edouard, respectively. The retrieved wind speeds from the AMSR-E and AMSR2 continuous three-day observations clearly show the process of hurricane intensification and weakening. C1 [Mai, Mingrun; Zhang, Biao] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Marine Sci, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Biao] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Jiangsu Res Ctr Ocean Survey & Technol, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Li, Xiaofeng] NOAA, Global Sci & Technol, Satellite & Informat Serv, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Hwang, Paul A.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zhang, Jun A.] NOAA, Hurricane Res Div, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Zhang, Jun A.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA. RP Zhang, B (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Marine Sci, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM zhangbiao@nuist.edu.cn RI Li, Xiaofeng/B-6524-2008; Zhang, Jun/F-9580-2012 OI Li, Xiaofeng/0000-0001-7038-5119; FU National Science Foundation of China [41476158]; Chinese National High Technology Research and Development (863) Program [2013AA09A505]; National Program on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction Grant [GASI-IPOVAI-04]; Jiangsu Province Innovation Team Project; NASA [NNX14AM69G]; Office of Naval Research Naval Research Laboratory [NRL/JA/7260-15-0186] FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation of China Grant 41476158, by the Chinese National High Technology Research and Development (863) Program Grant 2013AA09A505, by the National Program on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction Grant GASI-IPOVAI-04, by the Jiangsu Province Innovation Team Project, by the NASA Grant NNX14AM69G, and by the Office of Naval Research Naval Research Laboratory publication number NRL/JA/7260-15-0186. NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 EI 1558-0644 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD AUG PY 2016 VL 54 IS 8 BP 4501 EP 4512 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2016.2543502 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA DT4FD UT WOS:000381434600011 ER PT J AU Williams, J Tremblay, B Newton, R Allard, R AF Williams, James Tremblay, Bruno Newton, Robert Allard, Richard TI Dynamic Preconditioning of the Minimum September Sea-Ice Extent SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID LAPTEV SEA; ARCTIC-OCEAN; BEAUFORT SEA; MELT; VARIABILITY; OUTFLOW; TRENDS; EXPORT; WINTER AB There has been an increased interest in seasonal forecasting of the Arctic sea ice extent in recent years, in particular the minimum sea ice extent. Here, a dynamical mechanism, based on winter preconditioning, is found to explain a significant fraction of the variance in the anomaly of the September sea ice extent from the long-term linear trend. To this end, a Lagrangian trajectory model is used to backtrack the September sea ice edge to any time during the previous winter and quantify the amount of sea ice advection away from the Eurasian and Alaskan coastlines as well as the Fram Strait sea ice export. The late-winter anomalous sea ice drift away from the coastline is highly correlated with the following September sea ice extent minimum (r=-0.66). It is found that the winter mean Fram Strait sea ice export anomaly is also correlated with the minimum sea ice extent the following summer (r=-0.74). To develop a hindcast model of the September sea ice extent-which does not depend on a priori knowledge of the minimum sea ice extent-a synthetic ice edge initialized at the beginning of the melt season (1 June) is backtracked. It is found that using a multivariate regression model of the September sea ice extent anomaly based on ice export from the peripheral Arctic seas and Fram Strait ice export as predictors reduces the error by 38%. A hindcast model based on the mean December-April Arctic Oscillation index alone reduces the error by 24%. C1 [Williams, James; Tremblay, Bruno] McGill Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Montreal, PQ H3A 0B9, Canada. [Tremblay, Bruno] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA. [Allard, Richard] Naval Res Lab, Hancock Cty, MS USA. RP Williams, J (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Montreal, PQ H3A 0B9, Canada. EM james.williams@mail.mcgill.ca OI Allard, Richard/0000-0002-6066-2722 FU North Slope Borough of Alaska; U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Oceanography Division as part of the Naval Research Enterprise Internship Program (NREIP); Office of Naval Research [N000141110977]; Canadian Sea Ice and Snow Evolution (CanSISE) Network - NSERC Climate Change and Atmospheric Research program; NSERC Discovery program; NRL Core project Determining the Impact of Sea Ice Thickness on the Arctic's Naturally Changing Environment (DISTANCE) [N0001416WX00044] FX James Williams is grateful to the North Slope Borough of Alaska for their financial support through the Eben Hopson Fellowship. James Williams was funded by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Oceanography Division during the summer of 2014 as part of the Naval Research Enterprise Internship Program (NREIP). Bruno Tremblay is grateful for financial support from the Office of Naval Research (N000141110977), the Canadian Sea Ice and Snow Evolution (CanSISE) Network funded by NSERC Climate Change and Atmospheric Research program and the NSERC Discovery program. Robert Newton is grateful for financial support by the Office of Naval Research (N000141110977). Richard Allard is funded under the NRL Core project (N0001416WX00044) Determining the Impact of Sea Ice Thickness on the Arctic's Naturally Changing Environment (DISTANCE). We thank Dr. Jennifer Hutchings and two anonymous reviewers whose thoughtful critiques and suggestions led to a significantly improved final manuscript. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 29 IS 16 BP 5879 EP 5891 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0515.1 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DT1DB UT WOS:000381220800011 ER PT J AU McDowell, LK Aha, DW AF McDowell, Luke K. Aha, David W. TI Leveraging Neighbor Attributes for Classification in Sparsely Labeled Networks SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY FROM DATA LA English DT Article DE Collective classification; collective inference; link-based classification; statistical relational learning ID COLLECTIVE CLASSIFICATION; MANIFOLD REGULARIZATION; PROPAGATION AB Many analysis tasks involve linked nodes, such as people connected by friendship links. Research on link-based classification (LBC) has studied how to leverage these connections to improve classification accuracy. Most such prior research has assumed the provision of a densely labeled training network. Instead, this article studies the common and challenging case when LBC must use a single sparsely labeled network for both learning and inference, a case where existing methods often yield poor accuracy. To address this challenge, we introduce a novel method that enables prediction via "neighbor attributes," which were briefly considered by early LBC work but then abandoned due to perceived problems. We then explain, using both extensive experiments and loss decomposition analysis, how using neighbor attributes often significantly improves accuracy. We further show that using appropriate semi-supervised learning (SSL) is essential to obtaining the best accuracy in this domain and that the gains of neighbor attributes remain across a range of SSL choices and data conditions. Finally, given the challenges of label sparsity for LBC and the impact of neighbor attributes, we show that multiple previous studies must be re-considered, including studies regarding the best model features, the impact of noisy attributes, and strategies for active learning. C1 [McDowell, Luke K.] US Naval Acad, Dept Comp Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Aha, David W.] Naval Res Lab, Navy Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Code 5514, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP McDowell, LK (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Comp Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM lmcdowel@usna.edu; david.aha@nrl.navy.mil FU NSF [IIS-1116439]; ONR FX This work was supported in part by NSF award number IIS-1116439 and a grant from ONR. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 1556-4681 EI 1556-472X J9 ACM T KNOWL DISCOV D JI ACM Trans. Knowl. Discov. Data PD AUG PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR 2 DI 10.1145/2898358 PG 37 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA DV4EO UT WOS:000382878300002 ER PT J AU Cheung, CC Jean, P Shore, SN Stawarz, L Corbet, RHD Knodlseder, J Starrfield, S Wood, DL Desiante, R Longo, F Pivato, G Wood, KS AF Cheung, C. C. Jean, P. Shore, S. N. Stawarz, L. Corbet, R. H. D. Knodlseder, J. Starrfield, S. Wood, D. L. Desiante, R. Longo, F. Pivato, G. Wood, K. S. TI FERMI-LAT GAMMA-RAY DETECTIONS OF CLASSICAL NOVAE V1369 CENTAURI 2013 AND V5668 SAGITTARII 2015 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma-rays: stars novae; cataclysmic variables radiation mechanisms: general ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; V407 CYGNI; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; BLAST WAVE; EMISSION; OUTBURST; MISSION; DWARF; LINES AB We report the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) detections of high-energy (>100 MeV) gamma-ray emission from two recent optically bright classical novae, V1369 Centauri 2013 and V5668 Sagittarii 2015. At early times, Fermi target-of-opportunity observations prompted by their optical discoveries provided enhanced LAT exposure that enabled the detections of gamma-ray onsets beginning 2 days after their first optical peaks. Significant gamma-ray emission was found extending to 39-55 days after their initial LAT detections, with systematically fainter and longer duration emission compared to previous gamma-ray-detected classical novae. These novae were distinguished by multiple bright optical peaks that encompassed the time spans of the observed gamma-ray. The gamma-ray light curves and spectra of the two novae are presented along with representative hadronic and leptonic models, and comparisons with other novae detected by the LAT are discussed. C1 [Cheung, C. C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Jean, P.; Knodlseder, J.] IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Jean, P.; Knodlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, GAHEC, Toulouse, France. [Shore, S. N.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Shore, S. N.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis Enrico Fermi, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Stawarz, L.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Corbet, R. H. D.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Corbet, R. H. D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Corbet, R. H. D.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Starrfield, S.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, POB 871404, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Wood, D. L.; Wood, K. S.] Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. [Wood, D. L.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Pivato, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. RP Cheung, CC (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Teddy.Cheung@nrl.navy.mil; Pierre.Jean@irap.omp.eu; steven.neil.shore@unipi.it FU Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France; NRL by a Karles' Fellowship; NASA through Guest Investigator programs [12-FERMI12-0026, 13-FERMI13-0008]; Polish NSC grant [DEC-2012/04/A/ST9/00083]; NSF; NASA FX Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France.; C.C.C. was supported at NRL by a Karles' Fellowship and by NASA through Guest Investigator programs 12-FERMI12-0026 and 13-FERMI13-0008. L.S. was supported by Polish NSC grant DEC-2012/04/A/ST9/00083. S.S. acknowledges partial support from NSF and NASA grants to ASU. NR 59 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR 142 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/142 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ON UT WOS:000381977900042 ER PT J AU Imai, M Lecacheux, A Clarke, TE Higgins, CA Panchenko, M Dowell, J Imai, K Brazhenko, AI Frantsuzenko, AV Konovalenko, AA AF Imai, Masafumi Lecacheux, Alain Clarke, Tracy E. Higgins, Charles A. Panchenko, Mykhaylo Dowell, Jayce Imai, Kazumasa Brazhenko, Anatolii I. Frantsuzenko, Anatolii V. Konovalenko, Alexandr A. TI THE BEAMING STRUCTURES OF JUPITER'S DECAMETRIC COMMON S-BURSTS OBSERVED FROM THE LWA1, NDA, AND URAN2 RADIO TELESCOPES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: individual (Jupiter); plasmas; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; techniques: interferometric ID EMISSION; ARRAY AB On 2015 February 21, simultaneous observations of Jupiter's decametric radio emission between 10 and 33 MHz were carried out using three powerful low-frequency radio telescopes: the Long Wavelength Array Station One in the USA, the Nancay Decameter Array in France, and the URAN2 telescope in Ukraine. We measured the lag times of short-bursts (S-bursts) for 105 minutes of data over effective baselines of up to 8460 km by using cross-correlation analysis of the spectrograms from each instrument. Of particular interest is the measurement of the beaming thickness of S-bursts, testing if either flashlight-or beacon-like beaming is emanating from Jupiter. We find that the lag times for all pairs drift slightly as time elapses, in agreement with expectations from the flashligh-tlike beaming model. This leads to a new constraint of the minimum beaming thickness of 2 ''.66. Also, we find that most of the analyzed data abound with S-bursts, whose occurrence probability peaks at 17-18 MHz. C1 [Imai, Masafumi] Kyoto Univ, Dept Geophys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Lecacheux, Alain] Observ Paris, CNRS, Lab Etud Spatiales & Instrumentat Astrophys, F-92195 Meudon, France. [Clarke, Tracy E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Higgins, Charles A.] Middle Tennessee State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA. [Panchenko, Mykhaylo] Austrian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, A-8042 Graz, Austria. [Dowell, Jayce] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Imai, Kazumasa] Kochi Natl Coll Technol, Dept Elect Engn & Informat Sci, Kochi 7838508, Japan. [Brazhenko, Anatolii I.; Frantsuzenko, Anatolii V.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, S Subotin Inst Geophys, Poltava Gravimetr Observ, UA-36029 Poltava, Ukraine. [Konovalenko, Alexandr A.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Radio Astron, UA-61002 Kharkov, Ukraine. [Imai, Masafumi] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Imai, M (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Dept Geophys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.; Imai, M (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM imai@kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp RI Imai, Masafumi/S-8736-2016 OI Imai, Masafumi/0000-0002-2814-4036 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-07-C-0147]; National Science Foundation of the University Radio Observatory program [AST-1139963, AST-1139974]; Austrian Science Fund [P23762-N16]; JSPS KAKENHI grant [25400480]; 6.1 Base funding; [13J01567] FX The authors are grateful to the referee for fruitful comments and their careful reading of this paper. They are also pleased to acknowledge the engineers and staff who operate the LWA1, NDA, and URAN2 radio telescopes. Construction of the LWA1 was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-07-C-0147. Support for operations and continuing development of the LWA1 is provided by the National Science Foundation under grants AST-1139963 and AST-1139974 of the University Radio Observatory program. Basic research in radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 Base funding. Part of this research was performed while one of the authors (M.I.) was on leave at LESIA of the Observatoire de Paris-Meudon. M.I. acknowledges support from a Grant-in-Aid (13J01567) for Research Fellows of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), and also thanks the Observatoire de Paris for their generous hospitality during his one-year visit. The work of M.P. was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (project P23762-N16). This research has been supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI grant 25400480. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR 176 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/176 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ON UT WOS:000381977900076 ER PT J AU Ko, YK Young, PR Muglach, K Warren, HP Ugarte-Urra, I AF Ko, Yuan-Kuen Young, Peter R. Muglach, Karin Warren, Harry P. Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio TI CORRELATION OF CORONAL PLASMA PROPERTIES AND SOLAR MAGNETIC FIELD IN A DECAYING ACTIVE REGION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: abundances; Sun: corona; Sun: magnetic fields ID EUV IMAGING SPECTROMETER; LONG-TERM EVOLUTION; NON-WKB MODELS; ABUNDANCE MEASUREMENTS; ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCES; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; ATOMIC DATABASE; EMISSION; WIND; HINODE AB We present the analysis of a decaying active region observed by the EUV Imaging Spectrometer on Hinode during 2009 December 7-11. We investigated the temporal evolution of its structure exhibited by plasma at temperatures from 300,000 to 2.8 million degrees, and derived the electron density, differential emission measure, effective electron temperature, and elemental abundance ratios of Si/S and Fe/S (as a measure of the First Ionization Potential (FIP) Effect). We compared these coronal properties to the temporal evolution of the photospheric magnetic field strength obtained from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Michelson Doppler Imager magnetograms. We find that, while these coronal properties all decreased with time during this decay phase, the largest change was at plasma above 1.5 million degrees. The photospheric magnetic field strength also decreased with time but mainly for field strengths lower than about 70 Gauss. The effective electron temperature and the FIP bias seem to reach a "basal" state (at 1.5 x 10(6) K and 1.5, respectively) into the quiet Sun when the mean photospheric magnetic field (excluding all areas < 10 G) weakened to below 35 G, while the electron density continued to decrease with the weakening field. These physical properties are all positively correlated with each other and the correlation is the strongest in the high-temperature plasma. Such correlation properties should be considered in the quest for our understanding of how the corona is heated. The variations in the elemental abundance should especially be considered together with the electron temperature and density. C1 [Ko, Yuan-Kuen; Warren, Harry P.; Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Young, Peter R.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Young, Peter R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 671, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Muglach, Karin] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Muglach, Karin] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 674, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Ko, YK (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM yuan-kuen.ko@nrl.navy.mil OI Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio/0000-0001-5503-0491 FU JAXA; NAOJ (Japan); STFC (UK); NASA [HGI NNH10AN82I]; ESA; NSC (Norway); NASA's Hinode program FX We thank E. Landi for executing these EIS observations, U. Feldman for helpful discussions, and the referee for valuable comments. Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, collaborating with NAOJ as a domestic partner, NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. Scientific operation of the Hinode mission is conducted by the Hinode science team organized at ISAS/JAXA. This team mainly consists of scientists from institutes in the partner countries. Support for the post-launch operation is provided by JAXA and NAOJ (Japan), STFC (UK), NASA, ESA, and NSC (Norway). SOHO is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. CHIANTI is a collaborative project involving George Mason University, the University of Michigan (USA) and the University of Cambridge (UK). This work was supported by the Chief of Naval Research, NASA's Hinode program, and NASA grant HGI NNH10AN82I. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR 126 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/126 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ON UT WOS:000381977900026 ER PT J AU Wilson, TL Nilsson, R Chen, CH Lisse, CM Moerchen, M Kaufl, HU Banzatti, A AF Wilson, T. L. Nilsson, R. Chen, C. H. Lisse, C. M. Moerchen, M. Kaufl, H. -U. Banzatti, A. TI CONSTRAINTS ON THE PRESENCE OF SiO GAS IN THE DEBRIS DISK OF HD 172555 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; stars: individual (HD 172555); submillimeter: planetary systems; techniques: spectroscopic ID TERRESTRIAL PLANET FORMATION; SELF-CONSISTENT; SYSTEM; STARS; ACCRETION; EVOLUTION; HD-69830; DUST; AGE AB We have carried out two sets of observations to quantify the properties of SiO gas in the unusual HD 172555 debris disk: (1) a search for the J = 8-7 rotational transition from the vibrational ground state, carried out with the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment (APEX) submillimeter telescope and heterodyne receiver at 863 mu m. and (2) a search at 8.3 mu m for the P(17) ro-vibrational transition of gas phase SiO, carried out with the Very Large Telescope (VLT)/VISIR with a resolution, lambda/Delta lambda, of 30,000. The APEX measurement resulted in a 3.3 sigma detection of an interstellar feature, but only an upper limit to emission at the radial velocity and line width expected from HD 172555. The VLT/VISIR result was also an upper limit. These were used to provide limits for the abundance of gas phase SiO. for a range of temperatures. The upper limit from our APEX detection, assuming an 8000 K primary star photospheric excitation, falls more than an order of magnitude below the self-shielding stability threshold derived by Johnson et al. (2012). Our results thus favor a solid-state origin for the 8.3 mu m feature seen in the Spitzer IRS spectrum of the circumstellar excess emission. and the production of circumstellar O I and Si I by SiO UV photolysis. The implications of these estimates are explored in the framework of models of the HD 172555 circumstellar disk. C1 [Wilson, T. L.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nilsson, R.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Astrophys, Cent Pk West & 79th St, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Nilsson, R.] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Dept Astron, Roslagstullsbacken 21, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Chen, C. H.; Moerchen, M.; Banzatti, A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21212 USA. [Lisse, C. M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Space Explorat Sect, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Kaufl, H. -U.] European Southern Observ, K Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Wilson, TL (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM thomaswilson1b@gmail.com RI Lisse, Carey/B-7772-2016 OI Lisse, Carey/0000-0002-9548-1526 FU Swedish Research Council's International Postdoctoral Grant [637-2013-474] FX We thank an anonymous referee for helpful comments on the text and interpretation. R.N. was funded by the Swedish Research Council's International Postdoctoral Grant No. 637-2013-474. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR 165 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/165 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ON UT WOS:000381977900065 ER PT J AU Roche, NJH Khachatrian, A Warner, JH Buchner, SP McMorrow, D Clymer, DA AF Roche, Nicolas J-H. Khachatrian, A. Warner, J. H. Buchner, S. P. McMorrow, D. Clymer, D. A. TI Measurement and Analysis of Multiple Output Transient Propagation in BJT Analog Circuits SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th European Conference on Radiation and Its Effects on Components and Systems (RADECS) CY SEP 14-18, 2015 CL Moscow, RUSSIA SP IEEE, United Rock Space Corp, Inst Space Device Engn, Joint Inst Nucl Res, China Aerosp Components Eng Ctr, Specialized Elect Systems, Res Inst Sci Instruments, Sci Prod Ctr GRANAT, Sci Prod Ctr EITest, Vostok Co, Aerosp Sci Res Test Mfg Ass, RNII Electronstandart, Conseil Europeen Rech Nucl, EHO DE Bipolar circuits; bipolar devices; integrated circuit modeling; single event charge collection; single event effects; single event modeling; single event transients; transient analysis; transient propagation; transient response ID SINGLE-EVENT TRANSIENTS; LM124 OPERATIONAL-AMPLIFIER; NM CMOS TECHNOLOGY; INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS; PULSED-LASER; LINEAR CIRCUITS; ATREE RESPONSE; CROSSTALK; IMPACT; SIMULATIONS AB The propagation of Analog Single Event Transients (ASETs) to multiple outputs of Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJTs) Integrated Circuits (ICs) is reported for the first time. The results demonstrate that ASETs can appear at several outputs of a BJT amplifier or comparator as a result of a single ion or single laser pulse strike at a single physical location on the chip of a large-scale integrated BJT analog circuit. This is independent of interconnect cross-talk or charge-sharing effects. Laser experiments, together with SPICE simulations and analysis of the ASET's propagation in the s-domain are used to explain how multiple-output transients (MOTs) are generated and propagate in the device. This study demonstrates that both the charge collection associated with an ASET and the ASET's shape, commonly used to characterize the propagation of SETs in devices and systems, are unable to explain quantitatively how MOTs propagate through an integrated analog circuit. The analysis methodology adopted here involves combining the Fourier transform of the propagating signal and the current-source transfer function in the s-domain. This approach reveals the mechanisms involved in the transient signal propagation from its point of generation to one or more outputs without the signal following a continuous interconnect path. C1 [Roche, Nicolas J-H.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Khachatrian, A.] Sotera Def Solut, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. [Warner, J. H.; Buchner, S. P.; McMorrow, D.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Clymer, D. A.] Lockheed Martin Space Syst Co, Littleton, CO 80125 USA. RP Roche, NJH (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM nroche@gwu.edu NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 63 IS 4 BP 1986 EP 1994 DI 10.1109/TNS.2016.2576961 PN 1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DU8MO UT WOS:000382467900002 ER PT J AU Khachatrian, A Roche, NJH Buchner, SP Koehler, AD Greenlee, JD Anderson, TJ Warner, JH McMorrow, D AF Khachatrian, Ani Roche, Nicolas J-H. Buchner, Stephen P. Koehler, Andrew D. Greenlee, Jordan D. Anderson, Travis J. Warner, Jeffrey H. McMorrow, Dale TI Spatial Mapping of Pristine and Irradiated AlGaN/GaN HEMTs With UV Single-Photon Absorption Single-Event Transient Technique SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th European Conference on Radiation and Its Effects on Components and Systems (RADECS) CY SEP 14-18, 2015 CL Moscow, RUSSIA SP IEEE, United Rock Space Corp, Inst Space Device Engn, Joint Inst Nucl Res, China Aerosp Components Eng Ctr, Specialized Elect Systems, Res Inst Sci Instruments, Sci Prod Ctr GRANAT, Sci Prod Ctr EITest, Vostok Co, Aerosp Sci Res Test Mfg Ass, RNII Electronstandart, Conseil Europeen Rech Nucl, EHO DE Charge generation; GaN; HEMT; laser testing; single-photon absorption; single-event transients ID ELECTRON-MOBILITY TRANSISTORS; CHARGE COLLECTION AB Carrier injection by single-photon absorption using ultraviolet optical pulses is used to investigate single-event transients in pristine and proton-irradiated AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. High-precision spatial mapping of defects and traps in AlGaN/GaN HEMT devices identify regions of enhanced SET signals, or "hot spots" that are ascribed to the presence of lattice defects that modify the electric field in the structure. The resulting transient shape and amplitude depend strongly on the specific location of the injected carriers, and vary with changes in gate and drain bias. Proton irradiation significantly alters transient signal shapes, increases the integrated collected charge, and increases density of defects and traps. C1 [Khachatrian, Ani] Sotera Def Solut, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. [Khachatrian, Ani; Roche, Nicolas J-H.; Buchner, Stephen P.; Koehler, Andrew D.; Greenlee, Jordan D.; Anderson, Travis J.; Warner, Jeffrey H.; McMorrow, Dale] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Roche, Nicolas J-H.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Khachatrian, A (reprint author), Sotera Def Solut, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. EM ani.khachatrian.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; nicolas.roche.ctr.fr@nrl.navy.mil NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 63 IS 4 BP 1995 EP 2001 DI 10.1109/TNS.2016.2588886 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DU8MO UT WOS:000382467900003 ER PT J AU Jiang, CM Shi, Y Qin, XQ Yuan, X Hou, YT Lou, WJ Kompella, S Midkiff, SF AF Jiang, Canming Shi, Yi Qin, Xiaoqi Yuan, Xu Hou, Y. Thomas Lou, Wenjing Kompella, Sastry Midkiff, Scott F. TI Cross-Layer Optimization for Multi-Hop Wireless Networks With Successive Interference Cancellation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Interference avoidance; scheduling; interference exploitation; successive interference cancellation; optimization; multi-hop wireless networks ID AD-HOC NETWORKS; CDMA; TRANSMISSION; SYSTEMS; CODES AB The classical approach to interference management in wireless medium access is based on avoidance. Recently, there is a growing interest in exploiting interference (rather than avoiding it) to increase network throughput. This was made possible by a number of advances at the physical layer. In particular, the so-called successive interference cancellation (SIC) scheme appears very promising, due to its ability to enable concurrent receptions from multiple transmitters as well as interference rejection. Although SIC has been extensively studied as a physical layer technology, its research and advances in the context of multi-hop wireless network remain limited. In this paper, we aim to close this gap by offering a systematic study of SIC in a multi-hop wireless network. After gaining a fundamental understanding of SIC's capability and limitation, we propose a cross-layer optimization framework for SIC that incorporates variables at physical, link, and network layers. We use numerical results to affirm the validity of our optimization framework and give insights on how SIC behaves in a multi-hop wireless network. C1 [Jiang, Canming] Shape Secur, Mountain View, CA 94040 USA. [Shi, Yi; Qin, Xiaoqi; Yuan, Xu; Hou, Y. Thomas; Lou, Wenjing; Midkiff, Scott F.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Kompella, Sastry] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jiang, CM (reprint author), Shape Secur, Mountain View, CA 94040 USA. EM jiangcanming@gmail.com; yshi@vt.edu; xiaoqi@vt.edu; xuy10@vt.edu; thou@vt.edu; wjlou@vt.edu; sastry.kompella@nrl.navy.mil; midkiff@vt.edu FU National Science Foundation [1343222, 1064953, 1443889]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-15-1-2926]; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant 1343222, Grant 1064953, and Grant 1443889, and the Office of Naval Research under Grant N00014-15-1-2926. The work of S. Kompella was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was Y. Chen. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1536-1276 EI 1558-2248 J9 IEEE T WIREL COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 15 IS 8 BP 5819 EP 5831 DI 10.1109/TWC.2016.2571685 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA DT5GO UT WOS:000381509900050 ER PT J AU Duddu, R Kota, N Qidwai, SM AF Duddu, Ravindra Kota, Nithyanand Qidwai, Siddiq M. TI An Extended Finite Element Method Based Approach for Modeling Crevice and Pitting Corrosion SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID LEVEL SET METHOD; MASS-TRANSPORT; LOCALIZED CORROSION; STAINLESS-STEEL; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; CONTINUUM MODEL; PIT PROPAGATION; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; BIOFILM GROWTH; CRACK-GROWTH AB A sharp-interface numerical approach is developed for modeling the electrochemical environment in crevices and pits due to galvanic corrosion in aqueous media. The concentration of chemical species and the electrical potential in the crevice or pit solution environment is established using the steady state Nernst-Planck equations along with the assumption of local electroneutrality (LEN). The metal-electrolyte interface fluxes are defined in terms of the cathodic and anodic current densities using Butler-Volmer kinetics. The extended finite element method (XFEM) is employed to discretize the nondimensionalized governing equations of the model and a level set function is used to describe the interface morphology independent of the underlying finite element mesh. Benchmark numerical studies simulating intergranular crevice corrosion in idealized aluminum-magnesium (Al-Mg) alloy microstructures in two dimensions are presented. Simulation results indicate that corrosive dissolution of magnesium is accompanied by an increase in the pH and chloride concentration of the crevice solution environment, which is qualitatively consistent with experimental observations. Even for low current densities the model predicted pH is high enough to cause passivation, which may not be physically accurate; however, this model limitation could be overcome by including the hydrolysis reactions that potentially decrease the pH of the crevice solution environment. Finally, a mesh convergence study is performed to establish the accuracy of the XFEM and a sensitivity study examining the relationship between crevice geometry and species concentrations is presented to demonstrate the robustness of the XFEM formulation in handling complex corrosion interface morphologies. C1 [Duddu, Ravindra] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 400 24th Ave South, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Kota, Nithyanand] Samsung Data Syst, 2665 North First St, San Jose, CA 95134 USA. [Qidwai, Siddiq M.] US Naval Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Code 6350,4555 Overlook Ave Southwest, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Duddu, R (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 400 24th Ave South, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. EM ravindra.duddu@vanderbilt.edu; nithyanandkota@gmail.com; siddiq.qidwai@nrl.navy.mil RI Duddu, Ravindra/A-6854-2015 OI Duddu, Ravindra/0000-0002-4205-0247 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) Summer Faculty Fellowship Program FX R.D. gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the Office of Naval Research (ONR) Summer Faculty Fellowship Program. R.D. wishes to thank Professor Alan Bowers at Vanderbilt University for the numerous discussions on the dissolution of magnesium in aqueous solutions. The authors also thank the anonymous reviewers for their suggestions, which helped in improving the paper. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 15 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0021-8936 EI 1528-9036 J9 J APPL MECH-T ASME JI J. Appl. Mech.-Trans. ASME PD AUG PY 2016 VL 83 IS 8 AR 081003 DI 10.1115/1.4033379 PG 10 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA DV2LA UT WOS:000382750800003 ER PT J AU Balazs, GC Grimm, PD Donohue, MA Keblish, DJ Rue, JP AF Balazs, George C. Grimm, Patrick D. Donohue, Michael A. Keblish, David J. Rue, John-Paul TI Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Military Personnel SO JOURNAL OF KNEE SURGERY LA English DT Article DE revision ACL reconstruction; military; knee; instability ID SUBJECTIVE KNEE FORM; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; TENDON AUTOGRAFT; OSTEOARTHRITIS; RESPONSIVENESS; SURGERY; RETURN; SPORT; REHABILITATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB This study aims to report the clinical and functional outcomes of revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in a young, active duty military population. Patients undergoing revision ACL reconstruction were enrolled in an institutional clinical database and followed prospectively. The primary outcomes were patients' scores on a timed run, as compared with recorded scores before reinjury. Secondary outcomes included scores on the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), the International Knee Documentation Committee subjective (IKDC subjective), the Short Form - 36 health survey (SF-36) version 2, the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), and the Tegner activity scale. A total of 13 patients were identified who met the inclusion criteria and had complete follow-up. The mean age at revision ACL reconstruction was 20.5 years (range, 19-22 years), and mean follow-up was 40.2 months (range, 13-66 months). All patients underwent a single stage revision ACL reconstruction with ipsilateral bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft, ipsilateral hamstring autograft, or bone-tendon-bone allograft. Mean physical readiness test (PRT) score at final follow-up was not statistically different than documented preinjury PRT score (77.9 vs. 85.5, p > 0.05), nor was the mean run time (7:12 vs. 6:43/mile, p > 0.05). Significant improvements exceeding published minimal clinically important differences were seen in SANE score, SF-36 physical component summary score, KOOS sports and recreation, KOOS quality of life, WOMAC pain score, and WOMAC function score. Patients undergoing revision ACL reconstruction at our facility show good recovery of baseline physical performance as measured by the semiannual PRT and timed run test, and significant improvements in patient-reported outcome scores. Level of Evidence Level IV, case series. C1 [Balazs, George C.; Grimm, Patrick D.; Donohue, Michael A.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, Bethesda, MD USA. [Keblish, David J.; Rue, John-Paul] US Naval Acad, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Sports Med, Naval Hlth Clin Annapolis, 250 Wood Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Rue, JP (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Sports Med, Naval Hlth Clin Annapolis, 250 Wood Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM johnpaulrue@gmail.com OI Balazs, George/0000-0003-2822-2986 NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 1538-8506 EI 1938-2480 J9 J KNEE SURG JI J. Knee Surg. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 29 IS 6 BP 464 EP 470 DI 10.1055/s-0035-1564725 PG 7 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA DT4ZS UT WOS:000381490900005 PM 26524090 ER PT J AU Nichols, JM AF Nichols, J. M. TI Analytical expression for pixel-averaged point sources as observed by a focal plane array SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article AB A closed-form expression is derived for pixel-averaged point source signals as observed by an imaging array. Obtaining this solution requires the probability distribution of squared Euclidean distances in two dimensions when the end points are confined to a uniformly spaced square domain. The derivation and associated expression are provided. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Nichols, J. M.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave,Code 5665, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Nichols, JM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave,Code 5665, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jonathan.nichols@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 EI 1520-8532 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 33 IS 8 BP 1569 EP 1578 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.33.001569 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA DU1XW UT WOS:000382005000017 PM 27505655 ER PT J AU Belenky, V Weems, K Lin, WM AF Belenky, Vadim Weems, Kenneth Lin, Woei-Min TI Split-time method for estimation of probability of capsizing caused by pure loss of stability SO OCEAN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Capsizing; Probability; Pure loss of stability; Split-time method ID BEAM WIND; PREDICTION; WAVES; SHIP AB The paper reviews a multi-year research effort for using the split-time method to calculate the probability of ship capsizing due to pure loss of stability in irregular waves. The idea of the split-time method is to separate the complex problem into two less complex problems: a non-rare problem that involves the uperossing of an intermediate level of roll and a rare problem that focuses on capsizing after an uperossing. An initial implementation using a dynamic model with piecewise linear stiffness, which can be considered to be the simplest model of capsizing in beam seas, led to the concept of critical roll rate as the smallest roll rate at the instant of uperossing that inevitably leads to capsizing. The extension of the split-time method to pure loss of stability required the consideration of the change of roll stiffness in waves and led to calculating the critical roll rate at each uperossing. A metric of the likelihood of capsizing has been defined as the difference between the observed and critical roll rate at the instances of uperossing. The probability of capsizing after uperossing is found by approximating the tail with the Generalized Pareto Distribution. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Belenky, Vadim; Weems, Kenneth] David Taylor Model Basin NSWCCD, 9500 Macarthur Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Lin, Woei-Min] Off Naval Res, Liberty Ctr 1, 875 N Randolph St, Arlington, VA USA. RP Belenky, V (reprint author), David Taylor Model Basin NSWCCD, 9500 Macarthur Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM vadim.belenky@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; ONR FX The work described in this paper has been funded by the Office of Naval Research, under Dr. Patrick Purtell, Dr. Ki-Han Kim, and Dr. Thomas Fu. The authors greatly appreciate their support.; The participation of Prof. Pipiras was facilitated by the Summer Faculty Program supported by ONR and managed by Dr. Jack Price (NSWCCD, David Taylor Model Basin). NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0029-8018 J9 OCEAN ENG JI Ocean Eng. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 122 BP 333 EP 343 DI 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.04.011 PG 11 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA DT5NV UT WOS:000381530800030 ER PT J AU Mishra, DR Gould, RW AF Mishra, Deepak R. Gould, Richard W., Jr. TI Preface: Remote Sensing in Coastal Environments SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Editorial Material DE barrier island; sea turtle habitat; mangroves; Sahara Desert coast; kelp; spartina biomass; bathymetry; mangrove distribution; Brazilian Coast; hypoxia; Louisiana Shelf; UAV; harmful algal blooms; Yellow Sea; Po River delta; Venice Lagoon; suspended sediment dynamics; geostationary ocean color imager; mangrove leaf pigment; semi-analytical algorithm; seagrass biomass; shoreline change; northern Java Island; sun glint removal; bottom reflectance; coral reefs; coastal marsh; belowground biomass; root: shoot AB The Special Issue (SI) on "Remote Sensing in Coastal Environments" presents a wide range of articles focusing on a variety of remote sensing models and techniques to address coastal issues and processes ranging for wetlands and water quality to coral reefs and kelp habitats. The SI is comprised of twenty-one papers, covering a broad range of research topics that employ remote sensing imagery, models, and techniques to monitor water quality, vegetation, habitat suitability, and geomorphology in the coastal zone. This preface provides a brief summary of each article published in the SI. C1 [Mishra, Deepak R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, Ctr Geospatial Res, 210 Field St,Room 204, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Gould, Richard W., Jr.] Naval Res Lab, Bioopt Phys Proc & Remote Sensing Sect, Code 7331,Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Mishra, DR (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, Ctr Geospatial Res, 210 Field St,Room 204, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dmishra@uga.edu; gould@nrlssc.navy.mil OI Gould, Richard/0000-0002-5149-048X; Mishra, Deepak/0000-0001-8192-7681 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 42 U2 43 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 8 IS 8 AR 665 DI 10.3390/rs8080665 PG 6 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA DU8JI UT WOS:000382458700052 ER PT J AU Trammell, SA Hernandez, SC Myers-Ward, RL Zabetakis, D Stenger, DA Gaskill, DK Walton, SG AF Trammell, Scott A. Hernandez, Sandra C. Myers-Ward, Rachael L. Zabetakis, Daniel Stenger, David A. Gaskill, D. Kurt Walton, Scott G. TI Plasma-Modified, Epitaxial Fabricated Graphene on SiC for the Electrochemical Detection of TNT SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE plasma modified graphene; epitaxial graphene; electrochemical detection; square wave voltammetry ID 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE TNT; ULTRASENSITIVE DETECTION; CHEMICAL-MODIFICATION; CARBON NANOTUBES; EXPLOSIVES; SEAWATER; SURFACE; SENSOR; FUNCTIONALIZATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY AB Using square wave voltammetry, we show an increase in the electrochemical detection of trinitrotoluene (TNT) with a working electrode constructed from plasma modified graphene on a SiC surface vs. unmodified graphene. The graphene surface was chemically modified using electron beam generated plasmas produced in oxygen or nitrogen containing backgrounds to introduce oxygen or nitrogen moieties. The use of this chemical modification route enabled enhancement of the electrochemical signal for TNT, with the oxygen treatment showing a more pronounced detection than the nitrogen treatment. For graphene modified with oxygen, the electrochemical response to TNT can be fit to a two-site Langmuir isotherm suggesting different sites on the graphene surface with different affinities for TNT. We estimate a limit of detection for TNT equal to 20 ppb based on the analytical standard S/N ratio of 3. In addition, this approach to sensor fabrication is inherently a high-throughput, high-volume process amenable to industrial applications. High quality epitaxial graphene is easily grown over large area SiC substrates, while plasma processing is a rapid approach to large area substrate processing. This combination facilitates low cost, mass production of sensors. C1 [Trammell, Scott A.; Hernandez, Sandra C.; Myers-Ward, Rachael L.; Zabetakis, Daniel; Stenger, David A.; Gaskill, D. Kurt; Walton, Scott G.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Trammell, SA (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM scott.trammell@nrl.navy.mil; hernandez.hangarter@nrl.navy.mil; rachael.myers-ward@nrl.navy.mil; daniel.zabetakis@nrl.navy.mil; david.stenger@nrl.navy.mil; gaskill@nrl.navy.mil; scott.walton@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 31 U2 31 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD AUG PY 2016 VL 16 IS 8 AR 1281 DI 10.3390/s16081281 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA DU6KJ UT WOS:000382323200021 ER PT J AU Scheibe, KE Barrett, FJ AF Scheibe, Karl E. Barrett, Frank J. TI Sarbin's way: Overcoming mentalism and mechanism in psychology SO THEORY & PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE language of description; scientific progress; social positioning; social psychology AB This article traces the contributions to psychological theory and practice of Theodore R. Sarbin over a career that began in the 1930s and ended with his death in 2005. His early research on clinical vs. actuarial prediction and on hypnosis reflected a disposition to be critical of received ways of thinking in psychology. He came to think of many of the terms in the psychological vocabulary as ossified metaphors turned into myths. His promotion of role theory within social psychology gave priority to social structure as the key to understanding conduct, and he saw the self and social identity as products of the interaction of the individual with society. He rejected both mentalism and mechanism as adequate approaches to psychology. He turned to contextualism as the preferred world view for psychology, and to narrative as a way of understanding the flow of human life. C1 [Scheibe, Karl E.] Wesleyan Univ, Psychol, Middletown, CT 06459 USA. [Scheibe, Karl E.] Wesleyan Univ, Middletown, CT 06459 USA. [Scheibe, Karl E.] Wesleyan Univ, Wasch Ctr Retired Fac, 51 Lawn Ave, Middletown, CT 06457 USA. [Barrett, Frank J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Management, Monterey, CA USA. RP Scheibe, KE (reprint author), Wesleyan Univ, Wasch Ctr Retired Fac, 51 Lawn Ave, Middletown, CT 06457 USA. EM kscheibe@wesleyan.edu NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0959-3543 EI 1461-7447 J9 THEOR PSYCHOL JI Theory Psychol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 26 IS 4 BP 516 EP 539 DI 10.1177/0959354316648019 PG 24 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA DU8SA UT WOS:000382483300006 ER PT J AU Del Bene, K Lingevitch, J Doschek, G AF Del Bene, Kevin Lingevitch, Joseph Doschek, George TI A Parabolic Equation Approach to Modeling Acousto-Gravity Waves for Local Helioseismology SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Helioseismology, Direct modeling; Oscillations, solar; Waves, acoustic ID CURRENT STATE; OCEAN; APPROXIMATIONS; INTERFACE; REGIONS AB A wide-angle parabolic-wave-equation algorithm is developed and validated for local-helioseismic wave propagation. The parabolic equation is derived from a factorization of the linearized acousto-gravity wave equation. We apply the parabolic-wave equation to modeling acoustic propagation in a plane-parallel waveguide with physical properties derived from helioseismic data. The wavenumber power spectrum and wave-packet arrival-time structure for receivers in the photosphere with separation up to 30 degrees is computed, and good agreement is demonstrated with measured values and a reference spectral model. C1 [Del Bene, Kevin] Lockheed Martin Corp, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. [Lingevitch, Joseph] Naval Res Lab, Code 7161, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Doschek, George] Naval Res Lab, Code 7681, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lingevitch, J (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 7161, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kevin.a.del.bene@lmco.com; joe.lingevitch@nrl.navy.mil; george.doschek@nrl.navy.mil FU ONR FX This work is supported by ONR. The authors acknowledge NRL for providing the ASEE post-doctoral position at NRL. The authors acknowledge the helpful comments of the reviewer for improving this manuscript. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 291 IS 6 BP 1581 EP 1598 DI 10.1007/s11207-016-0925-y PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU3EP UT WOS:000382093900001 ER PT J AU Aram, S Shan, H Lee, YT AF Aram, Shawn Shan, Hua Lee, Yu-Tai TI Application of an Integrated Flow and Plasma Actuation Model to an Airfoil SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID INDUCED FLUID-DYNAMICS; CYLINDER FLOW; DISCHARGE; SEPARATION AB A numerical study is conducted to explore the effect of a single dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator for controlling a turbulent boundary-layer separation on a deflected flap of a high-lift airfoil at a chord-based Reynolds number of 240,000. An integrated numerical model consisting of a dielectric barrier discharge electrohydrodynamic bodyforce model and a computational fluiddy namics package called NavyFOAM is employed in this study. Comparison of current computational results against experimental data indicates reasonable agreement between the two studies for the baseline flow as well as controlled cases using two alternating current wave forms including sine and pulse-amplitude-modulated sine with different modulation frequencies. Performance of the actuator is also examined for square and pulse alternating current waveforms. It is found that, at the experimental conditions, the pulse-amplitude-modulated sine waveform provides the most lift enhancement in comparison with other waveforms used in this study, despite the least power input that it requires to operate. The effect of the input voltage amplitude on the performance of the actuator is also examined for the sine and pulse-amplitude-modulated sine waveforms. It is shown that, beyond a critical voltage, the sine wave is more effective in improving the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil than the other waveform. C1 [Aram, Shawn; Shan, Hua; Lee, Yu-Tai] US Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Aram, S (reprint author), US Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM Shawn.aram@navy.mil; hua.shan@navy.mil; yu.lee@navy.mil FU Discovery and Invention Program of the Office of Naval Research FX This work was sponsored by the Discovery and Invention Program of the Office of Naval Research administered at the U.S. Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division under an in-house laboratory independent research program. Discussions with J. Little of the University of Arizona on his experimental results are gratefully acknowledged. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 9 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 54 IS 8 BP 2201 EP 2210 DI 10.2514/1.J054478 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DT2EI UT WOS:000381293200001 ER PT J AU Liakos, A Malamataris, NA AF Liakos, Anastasios Malamataris, Nikolaos A. TI Three-Dimensional, Laminar Flow Past a Short, Surface-Mounted Cylinder SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FINITE CIRCULAR-CYLINDER; DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; SMALL ASPECT RATIO; JUNCTURE FLOWS; WAKE STRUCTURE; VORTEX AB The topology and evolution of three-dimensional flow past a cylinder of slenderness ratio SR = 1 mounted in a wind tunnel is examined for 0.1 <= Re <= 325 ( based on the diameter of the cylinder) where steady-state solutions have been obtained. Direct numerical simulations were computed using an in-house parallel finite element code. The three-dimensional theory of separation is used to analyze and interpret the flow phenomena. Results indicate that symmetry breaking occurs at Re = 1, while the first prominent structure is a horseshoe vortex downstream from the cylinder. At Re = 150, two foci are observed, indicating the formation of two tornadolike vortices downstream. Concurrently, another horseshoe vortex is formed upstream from the cylinder. For higher Reynolds numbers, the flow downstream is segmented to upper and lower parts, whereas the topology of the flow on the solid boundaries remains unaltered. Pressure distributions show that pressure, the key physical parameter in the flow, decreases everywhere except immediately upstream from the cylinder. In addition, creation of critical points from saddle-node-type bifurcations occur when the streamwise component of the pressure gradient changes sign. Finally, at Re = 325, an additional horseshoe vortex is formed at the wake of the cylinder. In all computations, an absence of critical points was observed on the free end of the cylinder. C1 [Liakos, Anastasios] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Malamataris, Nikolaos A.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Liakos, A (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM liakos@usna.edu; nmalamat@gmu.edu FU Office of Naval Research Global Visiting Scientist Program [N62909-14-1-V068]; Office of Research of the U.S. Naval Academy FX N. A. Malamataris acknowledges the financial support from the Office of Naval Research Global Visiting Scientist Program (grant N62909-14-1-V068). Additionally, A. Liakos would like to thank the Office of Research of the U.S. Naval Academy for their financial support. Finally, the authors would like to thank Linda Adlum and Donald Garner for their technical support in executing the code FEM-3D on the U.S. Naval Academy cluster. Part of the numerical experiments were also run on ARGO, a research computing cluster provided by the Office of Research Computing at George Mason University. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 54 IS 8 BP 2310 EP 2321 DI 10.2514/1.J054684 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DT2EI UT WOS:000381293200010 ER PT J AU Brooks, DH Reep, JW Warren, HP AF Brooks, David H. Reep, Jeffrey W. Warren, Harry P. TI PROPERTIES AND MODELING OF UNRESOLVED FINE STRUCTURE LOOPS OBSERVED IN THE SOLAR TRANSITION REGION BY IRIS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Sun: chromosphere; Sun: corona; Sun: UV radiation ID ATOMIC DATABASE; ENERGY-RELEASE; ATMOSPHERE; INTERFACE; CHIANTI; CORONA AB Recent observations from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) have discovered a new class of numerous low-lying dynamic loop structures, and it has been argued that they are the long-postulated unresolved fine structures (UFSs) that dominate the emission of the solar transition region. In this letter, we combine IRIS measurements of the properties of a sample of 108 UFSs (intensities, lengths, widths, lifetimes) with onedimensional non-equilibrium ionization simulations, using the HYDRAD hydrodynamic model to examine whether the UFSs are now truly spatially resolved in the sense of being individual structures rather than being composed of multiple magnetic threads. We find that a simulation of an impulsively heated single strand can reproduce most of the observed properties, suggesting that the UFSs may be resolved, and the distribution of UFS widths implies that they are structured on a spatial scale of 133 km on average. Spatial scales of a few hundred kilometers appear to be typical for a range of chromospheric and coronal structures, and we conjecture that this could be an important clue for understanding the coronal heating process. C1 [Brooks, David H.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Reep, Jeffrey W.; Warren, Harry P.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Brooks, David H.] ISAS JAXA, Hinode Team, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. RP Brooks, DH (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.; Brooks, DH (reprint author), ISAS JAXA, Hinode Team, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. OI Reep, Jeffrey/0000-0003-4739-1152 FU NASA Hinode program; NASA; ESA; Norwegian Space Centre FX D.H.B. thanks Viggo Hansteen for IRIS data analysis advice. The work of D.H.B. and H.P.W. was performed under contract to the Naval Research Laboratory and was funded by the NASA Hinode program. This research was performed while J.W.R. held an NRC Research Associateship award at the US Naval Research Laboratory with the support of NASA. IRIS is a NASA small explorer mission developed and operated by LMSAL, with mission operations executed at NASA Ames Research center and major contributions to downlink communications funded by ESA and the Norwegian Space Centre. CHIANTI is a collaborative project involving George Mason University, the University of Michigan (USA), and the University of Cambridge (UK). NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR L18 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/826/2/L18 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT2TN UT WOS:000381334800002 ER PT J AU Rothert, J AF Rothert, Jacek TI On the savings wedge in international capital flows SO ECONOMICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Allocation puzzle; Savings wedge; Capital flows ID GROWTH; PUZZLE AB I explore the determinants of the savings wedge in international capital flows computed in a sample of 68 developing countries in Gourinchas and Jeanne (2013). I show that size (rather than allocation) of net capital flows in the data is the major cause of the negative correlation between the calibrated savings wedge and productivity growth. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rothert, Jacek] US Naval Acad, Dept Econ, 589 McNair Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Rothert, J (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Econ, 589 McNair Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM jacek.rothert@gmail.com NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0165-1765 EI 1873-7374 J9 ECON LETT JI Econ. Lett. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 145 BP 126 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.econlet.2016.05.030 PG 4 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA DT9PK UT WOS:000381834600030 ER PT J AU Shannon, R Legato, M Stockhamer, S Wagner, C AF Shannon, Russell Legato, Maria Stockhamer, Steven Wagner, Crystal TI Power Law Behavior in Navy and Marine Corps Avionics Systems SO IEEE INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT MAGAZINE LA English DT Article C1 [Shannon, Russell] Naval Air Syst Command, Integrated Diagnost & Automated Test Syst IDATS T, Lakehurst, NJ 08733 USA. [Legato, Maria; Stockhamer, Steven] Naval Air Syst Command, Lakehurst, NJ USA. [Wagner, Crystal] NAVAIR, Lakehurst, NJ USA. RP Shannon, R (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, Integrated Diagnost & Automated Test Syst IDATS T, Lakehurst, NJ 08733 USA. EM russell.shannon@navy.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1094-6969 EI 1941-0123 J9 IEEE INSTRU MEAS MAG JI IEEE Instrum. Meas. Mag. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 19 IS 4 BP 30 EP 35 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA DT4QI UT WOS:000381465400007 ER PT J AU Broderick, MP Romero-Steiner, S Rajam, G Johnson, SE Milton, A Kim, E Choi, LJ Radin, JM Schmidt, DS Carlone, GM Messonnier, N Faix, DJ AF Broderick, Michael P. Romero-Steiner, Sandra Rajam, Gowrisankar Johnson, Scott E. Milton, Andrea Kim, Ellie Choi, Lisa J. Radin, Jennifer M. Schmidt, Daniel S. Carlone, George M. Messonnier, Nancy Faix, Dennis J. TI Immune Responses in US Military Personnel Who Received Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine (MenACWY) Concomitantly with Other Vaccines Were Higher than in Personnel Who Received MenACWY Alone SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS SEROGROUP; DIPHTHERIA-TETANUS-PERTUSSIS; SERUM BACTERICIDAL ASSAYS; UNITED-STATES MILITARY; GROUP-C; ANTIBODY CONCENTRATIONS; INFLUENZA VACCINE; B VACCINE; GROUP-A; IMMUNOGENICITY AB Immunological responses to vaccination can differ depending on whether the vaccine is given alone or with other vaccines. This study was a retrospective evaluation of the immunogenicity of a tetravalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine for serogroups A, C, W, and Y (MenACWY) administered alone (n = 41) or concomitantly with other vaccines (n = 279) to U.S. military personnel (mean age, 21.6 years) entering the military between 2006 and 2008. Concomitant vaccines included tetanus/diphtheria (Td), inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), hepatitis vaccines, and various influenza vaccines, among others; two vaccine groups excluded Tdap and IPV. Immune responses were evaluated in baseline and postvaccination sera for Neisseria meningitidis serogroups C and Y 1 to 12 months (mean, 4.96 months) following vaccination. Functional antibodies were measured by using a serum bactericidal antibody assay with rabbit complement (rSBA) and by measurement of serogroup- specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. The percentage of vaccinees reaching threshold levels (IgG concentration in serum, >= 2 = mu g/ml; rSBA titer, >= 8) corresponding to an immunologic response was higher postvaccination than at baseline (P < 0.001). Administration ofMenACWYalong with other vaccines was associated with higher geometric means of IgG concentrations and rSBA titers than those measured 4.60 months after a single dose of Men ACWY. In addition, higher percentages of vaccinees reached the immunological threshold (range of odds ratios [ORs], 1.5 to 21.7) and more of them seroconverted (OR range, 1.8 to 4.8) when Men ACWY was administered with any other vaccine than when administered alone. Additional prospective randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm the observed differences among groups in the immune response to Men ACWY when given concomitantly with other vaccines to U.S. military personnel. C1 [Broderick, Michael P.; Radin, Jennifer M.; Faix, Dennis J.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Operat Infect Dis Dept, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Romero-Steiner, Sandra; Rajam, Gowrisankar; Johnson, Scott E.; Milton, Andrea; Kim, Ellie; Choi, Lisa J.; Schmidt, Daniel S.; Carlone, George M.; Messonnier, Nancy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Romero-Steiner, Sandra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Off Sci & Publ Hlth Practice, Atlanta, GA USA. [Carlone, George M.] Carlone Consulting LLC, Palm Coast, FL USA. RP Broderick, MP (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Operat Infect Dis Dept, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM michael.broderick@med.navy.mil FU Immunization Healthcare Branch of the Defense Health Agency; Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA [60501] FX This work was funded by the Military Vaccine Agency (MILVAX, now the Immunization Healthcare Branch of the Defense Health Agency) and was supported by the Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA, under Work Unit No. 60501. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 23 IS 8 BP 672 EP 680 DI 10.1128/CVI.00267-16 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DS5NJ UT WOS:000380828700003 PM 27280619 ER PT J AU Kosseff, J AF Kosseff, Jeff TI The hazards of cyber-vigilantism SO COMPUTER LAW & SECURITY REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Cybercrime; Vigilante; Social media; Hacking AB In recent years, some aggressive actions against cyber-criminals and terrorists have come not only from state actors, but also from independent third parties such as Anonymous. These groups have claimed some significant victories in their battles against ISIS and similar organizations, by hacking their email, publicly exposing their secret communications, and knocking their websites offline. The hacker groups also combat other cyber criminals, including distributors of child pornography. Some of the groups' activities, however, violate the computer hacking laws of many nations. Some commentators have criticized these statutes, claiming that the laws unnecessarily prohibit private actors from serving the public good. In this Essay, I defend the broad prohibition of cyber-vigilantism, and argue that well-intentioned private actors can accomplish their goals by working with governments. I first review global jurisprudence, case studies, and academic commentary to explain why courts and policymakers historically have disfavoured vigilantism in other contexts, and I apply that reasoning to cyberspace. I explain that cyber-vigilantism can lead to several negative consequences, including the potential for abuse of the system, undercutting the legitimacy of democratic systems, and disproportionate punishments that are not necessarily effective. I then argue that instead of operating independently, these private groups can more effectively collaborate with governments and other private actors to fight threats in cyberspace. (C) 2016 Jeff Kosseff. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kosseff, Jeff] US Naval Acad, 121 Blake Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Kosseff, J (reprint author), US Naval Acad, 121 Blake Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM kosseff@usna.edu NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 18 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0267-3649 J9 COMPUT LAW SECUR REV JI Comput. Law Secur. Rev. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 32 IS 4 BP 642 EP 649 DI 10.1016/j.clsr.2016.05.008 PG 8 WC Law SC Government & Law GA DS6CL UT WOS:000380869200009 ER PT J AU Paulson, E Griffin, C AF Paulson, Elisabeth Griffin, Christopher TI Cooperation can emerge in prisoner's dilemma from a multi-species predator prey replicator dynamic SO MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Evolutionary game; Prisoners' dilemma; Cooperation; Stability ID EVOLUTIONARY; GAMES AB In this paper we study a generalized variation of the replicator dynamic that involves several species and sub-species that may interact. We show how this dynamic comes about from a specific finite-population model, but also show that one must take into consideration the dynamic nature of the population sizes (and hence proportions) in order to make the model complete. We provide expressions for these population dynamics to produce a kind of multi-replicator dynamic. We then use this replicator dynamic to show that cooperation can emerge as a stable behavior when two species each play prisoner's dilemma as their intra-species game and a form of zero-sum predator prey game as their inter-species game. General necessary and sufficient conditions for cooperation to emerge as stable are provided for a number of game classes. We also showed an example using Hawk-Dove where both species can converge to stable (asymmetric) mixed strategies. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Paulson, Elisabeth] Booz Allan Hamilton, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. [Griffin, Christopher] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Griffin, C (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM elisabethpaulson63@gmail.com; griffinch@ieee.org FU Army Research Office [W911NF-13-1-0271]; National Science Foundation [CMMI-1463482] FX Portions of Dr. Griffin's and Ms. Paulson's work were supported by the Army Research Office under Grant W911NF-13-1-0271. Portions of Dr. Griffin's work were supported by the National Science Foundation under grant number CMMI-1463482. The authors gratefully acknowledge the feedback from the reviewers and editorial staff. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0025-5564 EI 1879-3134 J9 MATH BIOSCI JI Math. Biosci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 278 BP 56 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.mbs.2016.05.006 PG 7 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA DS2KP UT WOS:000380598700008 PM 27318117 ER PT J AU VanSickle, M Werbel, A Perera, K Pak, K DeYoung, K Ghahramanlou-Holloway, M AF VanSickle, Marcus Werbel, Aaron Perera, Kanchana Pak, Kyna DeYoung, Kathryn Ghahramanlou-Holloway, Marjan TI Perceived Barriers to Seeking Mental Health Care Among United States Marine Corps Noncommissioned Officers Serving as Gatekeepers for Suicide Prevention SO PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Perceived Barriers to Care; military; Marine Corps; suicide; principal component analysis; stigma ID STIGMA; SOLDIERS; IRAQ AB Reducing mental health stigma and perceived barriers to care is a necessary strategy for addressing the public health problem of suicide among the United States Armed Forces. The purpose of this study was threefold: (a) to empirically evaluate the principal component structure of the Perceived Barriers to Care (PBTC) measure; (b) to gain an understanding of the perceived barriers to seeking mental health services among Marine Corps noncommissioned officers (NCOs) selected to participate in a primary suicide prevention training program, Never Leave a Marine Behind (NLMB); and (c) to explore the relationship among sex, education, prior exposure to suicide within one's military unit, and perceived barriers to seeking mental health services. The data for the PBTC (N = 1,758) were drawn from a previously performed pretest/posttest program evaluation study of the Marine Corp's NLMB program, which took place over 6 months in 2009 (April-October). The three highest perceptions of barriers to care reported by NCOs for their Marines were related to being embarrassed, having members of one's unit have less confidence in the Marine, and concerns about being treated differently by military unit leadership. Three principal components for PBTC were identified, accounting for approximately 59% of the total variance. Higher education and prior exposure to suicide within one's military unit significantly correlated with greater perceived barriers to care; sex was not significantly correlated with greater perceived barriers to care. Implications of these findings, in relation to future research, are further discussed. C1 [VanSickle, Marcus; Werbel, Aaron; Perera, Kanchana; Pak, Kyna; DeYoung, Kathryn; Ghahramanlou-Holloway, Marjan] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med & Clin Psychol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd,Room B3046, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Werbel, Aaron] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Ghahramanlou-Holloway, M (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med & Clin Psychol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd,Room B3046, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM marjan.holloway@usuhs.edu FU United States Marine Corps. FX Funding for this research was provided to the Laboratory for the Treatment of Suicide Related Ideation and Behavior at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (principal investigator: Marjan Ghahramanlou-Holloway) by the United States Marine Corps. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 1040-3590 EI 1939-134X J9 PSYCHOL ASSESSMENT JI Psychol. Assess. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 28 IS 8 BP 1020 EP 1025 DI 10.1037/pas0000212 PG 6 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA DT7ZF UT WOS:000381706400016 PM 26751086 ER PT J AU Giller, CB Gamache, RM Wahl, KJ Saab, AP Roland, CM AF Giller, C. B. Gamache, R. M. Wahl, K. J. Saab, A. P. Roland, C. M. TI Coating/substrate interaction in elastomer-steel bilayer armor SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Ballistics; armor; elastomer coatings; phase transition; surface-hardening ID ENERGY-ABSORPTION; BALLISTIC IMPACT; POLYUREA; DEFORMATION; PRESSURE AB The properties of steel substrates coated with soft polymers were characterized, in order to assess their connection to ballistic properties. An impact-induced viscoelastic phase change of the polymer effects large energy dissipation, while also spreading the force over a wider area, which reduces the impact pressure. Both effects enhance the performance, as directly measured and seen from strain measurements on the substrate taken during ballistic tests. The contribution of the front-surface polymer to impact performance is increased for harder substrates, indicating a coupling of the layers related to impedance mismatching. Since this effect is very local, the phenomenon can be exploited by surface-hardening of the steel. C1 [Giller, C. B.; Gamache, R. M.; Wahl, K. J.; Saab, A. P.; Roland, C. M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6105, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Roland, CM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6105, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM roland@nrl.navy.mil OI Wahl, Kathryn/0000-0001-8163-6964 FU Office of Naval Research in part by ONR [332] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research, in part by ONR Code 332 (R.G. Barsoum). NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0021-9983 EI 1530-793X J9 J COMPOS MATER JI J. Compos Mater. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 50 IS 20 BP 2853 EP 2859 DI 10.1177/0021998315613131 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA DS1DT UT WOS:000380336700009 ER PT J AU Efros, AL Nesbitt, DJ AF Efros, Alexander L. Nesbitt, David J. TI Origin and control of blinking in quantum dots SO Nature Nanotechnology LA English DT Review ID SINGLE SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; POWER-LAW STATISTICS; AUGER RECOMBINATION; FLUORESCENCE INTERMITTENCY; SUPPRESSED BLINKING; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; EMISSION; ELECTRON AB Semiconductor nanocrystals offer an enormous diversity of potential device applications, based an their size-tunable photoluminescence, high optical stability and 'bottom-up' chemical approaches to sef-assemby. However, the promise of such applications can be seriously limited by photoluminescence intermittency in nanocrystal emission, that is, 'blinking', arising from the escape of either one or both of the photoexcited carriers to the nanocrystal surface. In the first scenario, the remaining nanocrystal charge quenches photoluminescence via non-radiative Auger recombination, whereas for the other, the exciton is thought to be intercepted before thermalization and does not contribute to the photoluminescence. This Review summarizes the current understanding of the mechanisms responsible for nanocrystal blinking kinetics as well as core-shell engineering efforts to control such phenomena. In particular, 'softening' of the core-shell confinement potential strongly suppresses non-radiative Auger processes in charged nanocrystals, with successful non-blinking implementations demonstrated in CdSe-CdS core-thick-shell nanocrystals and their modifications. C1 [Efros, Alexander L.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nesbitt, David J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Nesbitt, David J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Nesbitt, David J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Campus Box 215, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Efros, AL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM efros@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratry Basic Research program; National Science Foundation [CHE1266416, PHYS1125844]; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-09ER16021] FX The authors thank G. Kagan, K. Kuno and R. Vaxenburg for help with figure preparation. AI.L.E. acknowledges the financial support of the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratry Basic Research program. D.J. N. acknowledges support for this work from the National Science Foundation (CHE1266416, PHYS1125844). with additional support from the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DE-FG02-09ER16021). NR 64 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 77 U2 111 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 EI 1748-3395 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 11 IS 8 BP 661 EP 671 DI 10.1038/NNANO.2016.140 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DS8BS UT WOS:000381008300008 PM 27485584 ER PT J AU Kang, WM McNaughton, RL Espinosa, HD AF Kang, Wonmo McNaughton, Rebecca L. Espinosa, Horacio D. TI Micro- and Nanoscale Technologies for Delivery into Adherent Cells SO TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; SINGLE-CELL; LIVING CELLS; NANOFOUNTAIN-PROBE; GENE-TRANSFER; ELECTROPORATION; PROTEINS; ARRAYS; BIOMOLECULES AB Several recent micro- and nanotechnologies have provided novel methods for biological studies of adherent cells because the small features of these new biotools provide unique capabilities for accessing cells without the need for suspension or lysis. These novel approaches have enabled gentle but effective delivery of molecules into specific adhered target cells, with unprecedented spatial resolution. We review here recent progress in the development of these technologies with an emphasis on in vitro delivery into adherent cells utilizing. mechanical penetration or electroporation. We discuss the major advantages and limitations of these approaches and propose possible strategies for improvements. Finally, we discuss the impact of these technologies on biological research concerning cell-specific temporal studies, for example non-destructive sampling and analysis of intracellular molecules. C1 [Kang, Wonmo; Espinosa, Horacio D.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Kang, Wonmo; McNaughton, Rebecca L.; Espinosa, Horacio D.] iNfinitesimal LLC, Skokie, IL 60077 USA. [Espinosa, Horacio D.] Northwestern Univ, Inst Cellular Engn Technol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Kang, Wonmo] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Espinosa, HD (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.; Espinosa, HD (reprint author), iNfinitesimal LLC, Skokie, IL 60077 USA.; Espinosa, HD (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Inst Cellular Engn Technol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM espinosa@northwestern.edu RI Espinosa, Horatio/B-6693-2009 FU National Science Foundation [IIP-1330151]; National Institutes of Health [1R41GM101833, NS20778]; American Society for Engineering Education/Naval Research Laboratory; Naval Research Laboratory Institute for Nanoscience FX H.D.E. acknowledges extensive discussions with John Kessler (Northwestern University) and Nick Melosh (Stanford University) as well as the support of the National Science Foundation under award IIP-1330151 and the National Institutes of Health under awards 1R41GM101833 and NS20778. A McCormick School of Engineering Catalyst award is also acknowledged. W.K. is grateful for a postdoctoral fellowship from the American Society for Engineering Education/Naval Research Laboratory and generous funding from the Naval Research Laboratory Institute for Nanoscience. NR 98 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0167-7799 J9 TRENDS BIOTECHNOL JI Trends Biotechnol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 34 IS 8 BP 665 EP 678 DI 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.05.003 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA DS2LN UT WOS:000380601100009 PM 27287927 ER PT J AU Harbertson, J Hale, BR Watkins, EY Michael, NL Scott, PT AF Harbertson, Judith Hale, Braden R. Watkins, Eren Y. Michael, Nelson L. Scott, Paul T. TI Pre-deployment Alcohol Misuse Among Shipboard Active-Duty US Military Personnel SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BINGE-DRINKING; AUDIT-C; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; PRIMARY-CARE; HEALTH; RISK; POPULATION; CONSUMPTION; PREVALENCE; DISORDERS AB Introduction: The burden of alcohol misuse is unknown among shipboard U.S. Navy and Marine Corps military personnel immediately prior to deployment and may be elevated. Methods: Anonymous survey data on hazardous, dependent, and binge alcohol misuse and involuntary drug consumption were collected during 2012-2014 among shipboard personnel within approximately 2 weeks of deployment. Using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption (AUDIT-C), hazardous alcohol misuse was defined using two cut-point scoring criteria: (1) >= 3 for women and >= 4 for men; and (2) >= 4 for women and >= 5 for men; binge drinking as >= 4 drinks for women and >= 5 drinks for men on a typical day in past 30 days; and dependent alcohol misuse as an AUDIT-C score of >= 8. Demographic-and sex-stratified self-reported alcohol misuse prevalence was reported for analysis conducted during 2014-2015. Results: Among 2,351 male and female shipboard personnel, 39%-54% screened positive for hazardous, 27% for binge, and 15% for dependent alcohol use. Seven percent reported involuntary drug consumption history. A larger proportion of those aged 17-20 years screened positive for dependent alcohol use compared with the overall study population prevalence. Conclusions: A large proportion of shipboard personnel screened positive for hazardous and dependent alcohol use (18% among those aged <21 years) at deployment onset. These data can inform interventions targeting shipboard personnel engaging in hazardous use before progression to dependent use and enable early identification and care for dependent users. Future studies should include more comprehensive assessment of factors associated with involuntary drug consumption. (C) 2016 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Harbertson, Judith; Michael, Nelson L.; Scott, Paul T.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Harbertson, Judith] Adv Mil Med Inc, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Bethesda, MD USA. [Harbertson, Judith; Hale, Braden R.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def HIV, AIDS Prevent Program, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Hale, Braden R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Infect Dis, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Watkins, Eren Y.] Army Publ Hlth Ctr Provis, Behav & Social Hlth Outcomes Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Harbertson, J (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def HIV, AIDS Prevent Program, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM judith.harbertson.ctr@mail.mil FU Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. [W81XWH-07-2-0067]; U.S. Department of Defense [60546] FX The authors would like to thank Jerrica Nichols for conducting alcohol use analyses among U.S. Army service members and assistance with the interpretation. This work was supported by a cooperative agreement (W81XWH-07-2-0067) between the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., and the U.S. Department of Defense, under Work Unit No. 60546. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. U.S. Government Work (17 USC 105). Not copyrighted in the U.S. This research was conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (Protocol NHRC.2010.0033). NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 51 IS 2 BP 185 EP 194 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.02.029 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DS0AB UT WOS:000380256400008 PM 27067304 ER PT J AU Sarofeen, C Gillett, P AF Sarofeen, Christian Gillett, Philip TI A High Performance Parallel and Heterogeneous Approach to Narrowband Beamforming SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Beamforming; delay-sum beamforming; distributed computing; heterogeneous computing; hybrid parallel programming ID ARRAY; ALGORITHM; CLUSTERS AB This paper describes a high performing, hybrid parallel, and heterogeneous algorithmic approach to narrowband Delay-Sum Beamforming (DSB) in the frequency domain using a Just-In-Time Asynchronous Data Method (JIT-ADM) parallel pattern. JIT-ADM is a novel asynchronous parallel programming pattern that unifies various levels of asynchronous concurrency available with distributed heterogeneous computing. The computational performance of this DSB algorithm was analyzed on a 50 node Cray XC30 with a single 10-core Intel Xeon E5-2670 v2 and NVIDIA Tesla K20X general purpose Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) on each node. The algorithm exhibits well behaved weak scalability with 92.7 percent parallel efficiency at 50 nodes compared to maximum performance observed. It is also shown that the algorithm efficiently utilizes a large portion of the available hardware. During beamforming the GPU is utilized at 51.8 percent of its maximum double precision floating point throughput whereas a comparable Central Processing Unit (CPU) version utilizes 60.0 percent of its maximum expected floating point throughput. Across the weak scalability study, utilizing GPUs for processing, a 2-5x performance gain is achieved compared to using CPUs. A brief derivation and validation of the implemented DSB is also presented. C1 [Sarofeen, Christian] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Computat Anal & Design, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Gillett, Philip] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Hydroacoust & Propulsor Dev, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Sarofeen, C (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Computat Anal & Design, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM Christian.Sarofeen@navy.mil; Philip.Gillett@Navy.mil NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1045-9219 EI 1558-2183 J9 IEEE T PARALL DISTR JI IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 27 IS 8 BP 2196 EP 2207 DI 10.1109/TPDS.2015.2494038 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA DR7DP UT WOS:000380060500003 ER PT J AU Lund, B Collins, CO Tamura, H Graber, HC AF Lund, Bjorn Collins, Clarence O., III Tamura, Hitoshi Graber, Hans C. TI Multi-directional wave spectra from marine X-band radar SO OCEAN DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE Ocean waves; Multi-directional wave spectra; Shipboard wave measurements; Marine X-band radar; Remote sensing ID SURFACE CURRENTS; NAUTICAL RADAR; SEA-SURFACE; IMAGES; BUOY; VALIDATION; PERFORMANCE; SCATTERING; RETRIEVAL; MODELS AB The signal measured by heave-pitch-roll directional wave buoys yields the first four coefficients of a Fourier series. Data adaptive methods must be employed to estimate a directional wave spectrum. Marine X-band radars (MRs) have the advantage over buoys that they can measure "model-free" two-dimensional (2D) wave spectra. This study presents the first comprehensive validation of MR-derived multi-directional wave characteristics. It is based on wave data from the 2010 Impact of Typhoons on the Ocean in the Pacific (ITOP) experiment in the Philippine Sea, namely MR measurements from R/V Roger Revelle, Extreme Air-Sea Interaction (EASI) buoy measurements, as well as WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) modeling results. Buoy measurements of mean direction and spreading as function of frequency, which do not require data adaptive methods, are used to validate the WW3 wave spectra. An advanced MR wave retrieval technique is introduced that addresses various shortcomings of existing methods. Spectral partitioning techniques, applied to MR and WW3 results, reveal that multimodal seas are frequently present. Both data sets are in excellent agreement, tracking the evolution of up to 4 simultaneous wave systems over extended time periods. This study demonstrates MR's and WW3's strength at measuring and predicting 2D wave spectra in swell-dominated seas. C1 [Lund, Bjorn; Graber, Hans C.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Collins, Clarence O., III] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Tamura, Hitoshi] Port & Airport Res Inst, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan. RP Lund, B (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM blund@rsmas.miami.edu FU U.S. Office of Naval Research [N00014-09-1-0392, N00014-13-1-0288] FX This work has been supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research under grants N00014-09-1-0392 and N00014-13-1-0288. NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 7 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1616-7341 EI 1616-7228 J9 OCEAN DYNAM JI Ocean Dyn. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 66 IS 8 BP 973 EP 988 DI 10.1007/s10236-016-0961-z PG 16 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DR8FE UT WOS:000380133000005 ER PT J AU Gemmrich, J Thomson, J Rogers, WE Pleskachevsky, A Lehner, S AF Gemmrich, Johannes Thomson, Jim Rogers, W. Erick Pleskachevsky, Andrey Lehner, Susanne TI Spatial characteristics of ocean surface waves SO OCEAN DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE Spatial wave observations; Wave retrieval from SAR; Wavewatch III model; Model-data comparison ID BREAKING DISSIPATION; PROBABILITY; SEA AB The spatial variability of open ocean wave fields on scales of O (10km) is assessed from four different data sources: TerraSAR-X SAR imagery, four drifting SWIFT buoys, a moored waverider buoy, and WAVEWATCH III (a"double dagger) model runs. Two examples from the open north-east Pacific, comprising of a pure wind sea and a mixed sea with swell, are given. Wave parameters attained from observations have a natural variability, which decreases with increasing record length or acquisition area. The retrieval of dominant wave scales from point observations and model output are inherently different to dominant scales retrieved from spatial observations. This can lead to significant differences in the dominant steepness associated with a given wave field. These uncertainties have to be taken into account when models are assessed against observations or when new wave retrieval algorithms from spatial or temporal data are tested. However, there is evidence of abrupt changes in wave field characteristics that are larger than the expected methodological uncertainties. C1 [Gemmrich, Johannes] Univ Victoria, Phys & Astron, POB 1700, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. [Thomson, Jim] Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA USA. [Rogers, W. Erick] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Pleskachevsky, Andrey; Lehner, Susanne] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Bremen, Germany. RP Gemmrich, J (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Phys & Astron, POB 1700, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. EM gemmrich@uvic.ca FU US-National Sciences Foundations; Office of Naval Research through an NRL Core Project, Program Element [0602435N]; US Office of Naval Research through the DRI "Sea State and Boundary Layer Physics in the Emerging Arctic" FX The TerraSAR-X data were provided by DLR under AO OCE1837 (JG). The in situ data collection was funded by the US-National Sciences Foundations (JT). We thank Joe Talbert and Alex de Klerk for SWIFT engineering and the crew of the R/V T.G. Thompson for deployments and recoveries of the buoys. The contribution by ER for this work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through an NRL Core Project, Program Element #0602435N. This work was partially supported by the US Office of Naval Research through the DRI "Sea State and Boundary Layer Physics in the Emerging Arctic". We thank the two anonymous reviewers for their comments. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 5 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1616-7341 EI 1616-7228 J9 OCEAN DYNAM JI Ocean Dyn. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 66 IS 8 BP 1025 EP 1035 DI 10.1007/s10236-016-0967-6 PG 11 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DR8FE UT WOS:000380133000008 ER PT J AU Byrne, D Buttrey, S Carberry, C Lydon, S O'Connor, P AF Byrne, D. Buttrey, S. Carberry, C. Lydon, S. O'Connor, P. TI Is there a risk profile for the vulnerable junior doctor? SO IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Interns; Junior doctor; Mental health; Wellbeing; Distress ID MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; HOUSE OFFICERS; MEDICAL-STUDENTS; PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; GENERAL-PRACTITIONERS; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; STRESS; RESIDENTS; PHYSICIANS; CONSULTANTS AB Mental ill health is prevalent among doctors, especially those in the early stages of postgraduate training. However, a paucity of research has examined factors predictive of psychological distress in this population. To report the findings from a multi-centre survey of mental health among junior doctors in Ireland, and assess the extent to which moderator variables (e.g., age, academic performance, nationality, etc.) alter the levels of psychological distress caused by internship. An online, anonymous, questionnaire was distributed to all interns in the Republic of Ireland in January 2012. A total of 270 interns responded to the survey (45.0 % response rate), with 48.5 % of the respondents having a score indicative of psychological distress. A regression model found that nationality, academic performance, intern training network, rating of work stressors, home stressors, and work-life balance were associated with differing levels of mental health as measured by the General Health Questionnaire-12. There is a need to consider moderator variables when examining mental health in healthcare populations to avoid drawing overly simplistic conclusions. Interns in Ireland reported particularly high levels of psychological distress compared to other studies of mental health among healthcare populations. C1 [Byrne, D.] Saolta Univ Hlth Care Grp, West North West Intern Training Network, Galway, Ireland. [Buttrey, S.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Carberry, C.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Med & Med Sci, Coombe Family Practice, Dolphins Barn St, Dublin 8, Ireland. [Lydon, S.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Psychol, Dublin, Ireland. [O'Connor, P.] Natl Univ Ireland, Dept Gen Practice, Galway, Ireland. RP O'Connor, P (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland, Dept Gen Practice, Galway, Ireland. EM paul.oconnor@nuigalway.ie NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 7 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0021-1265 EI 1863-4362 J9 IRISH J MED SCI JI Irish J. Med. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 185 IS 3 BP 603 EP 609 DI 10.1007/s11845-015-1316-3 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DR2UF UT WOS:000379758700009 PM 26031417 ER PT J AU Teng, C Ashby, K Phan, N Pal, D Stucker, B AF Teng, Chong Ashby, Kathryn Phan, Nam Pal, Deepankar Stucker, Brent TI The effects of material property assumptions on predicted meltpool shape for laser powder bed fusion based additive manufacturing SO MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE additive manufacturing; simulation; sensitivity; powder specifications; metrology ID FINITE-ELEMENT-ANALYSIS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SINTERING PROCESS; MICROSTRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE; SIMULATION; TI6AL4V; BEAM AB The objective of this study was to provide guidance on material specifications for powders used in laser powder bed fusion based additive manufacturing (AM) processes. The methodology was to investigate how different material property assumptions in a simulation affect meltpool prediction and by corrolary how different material properties affect meltpool formation in AM processes. The sensitvity of meltpool variations to each material property can be used as a guide to help drive future research and to help prioritize material specifications in requirements documents. By identifying which material properties have the greatest affect on outcomes, metrology can be tailored to focus on those properties which matter most; thus reducing costs by eliminating unnecessary testing and property charaterizations. Futhermore, this sensitivity study provides insight into which properties require more accurate measurements, thus motivating development of new metrology methods to measure those properties accurately. C1 [Teng, Chong; Ashby, Kathryn; Pal, Deepankar; Stucker, Brent] 3DSIM LLC, Park City, UT 84098 USA. [Phan, Nam] NAVAIR, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Teng, C (reprint author), 3DSIM LLC, Park City, UT 84098 USA. EM chong.teng@3dsim.com FU NAVAIR FX The authors would like to acknowledge NAVAIR for its financial support. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 12 U2 21 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-0233 EI 1361-6501 J9 MEAS SCI TECHNOL JI Meas. Sci. Technol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 27 IS 8 AR 085602 DI 10.1088/0957-0233/27/8/085602 PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA DR8CA UT WOS:000380124800035 ER PT J AU Sun, K Qi, JJ Kang, W AF Sun, Kai Qi, Junjian Kang, Wei TI Power system observability and dynamic state estimation for stability monitoring using synchrophasor measurements SO CONTROL ENGINEERING PRACTICE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IFAC World Congress CY 2014 CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA SP IFAC DE Observability; Dynamic state estimation; Synchrophasor; PMUs; Rotor angle stability; Unscented Kalman filter ID PHASOR MEASUREMENT PLACEMENT; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION AB Growing penetration of intermittent resources such as renewable generations increases the risk of instability in a power grid. This paper introduces the concept of observability and its computational algorithms for a power grid monitored by the wide-area measurement system (WAMS) based on synchrophasors, e.g. phasor measurement units (PMUs). The goal is to estimate real-time states of generators, especially for potentially unstable trajectories, the information that is critical for the detection of rotor angle instability of the grid. The paper studies the number and siting of synchrophasors in a power grid so that the state of the system can be accurately estimated in the presence of instability. An unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is adopted as a tool to estimate the dynamic states that are not directly measured by synchrophasors. The theory and its computational algorithms are illustrated in detail by using a 9-bus 3-generator power system model and then tested on a 140-bus 48-generator Northeast Power Coordinating Council power grid model. Case studies on those two systems demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach using a limited number of synchrophasors for dynamic state estimation for stability assessment and its robustness against moderate inaccuracies in model parameters. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sun, Kai] Univ Tennessee, Dept EECS, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Qi, Junjian] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kang, Wei] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Sun, K (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept EECS, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM kaisun@utk.edu; jqi@anl.gov; wkang@nps.edu RI Qi, Junjian/F-9848-2013; OI Qi, Junjian/0000-0002-4043-9427; Sun, Kai/0000-0002-0305-2725 NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0967-0661 EI 1873-6939 J9 CONTROL ENG PRACT JI Control Eng. Practice PD AUG PY 2016 VL 53 SI SI BP 160 EP 172 DI 10.1016/j.conengprac.2016.01.013 PG 13 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA DQ1IW UT WOS:000378955700015 ER PT J AU Steuben, JC Iliopoulos, AP Michopoulos, JG AF Steuben, John C. Iliopoulos, Athanasios P. Michopoulos, John G. TI Implicit slicing for functionally tailored additive manufacturing SO COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Additive manufacturing; Toolpath generation; Implicit slicer; Digital thread; Functionally tailored materials; g-code generator ID CONSTRAINED DELAUNAY TRIANGULATIONS; DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; POINT-SEQUENCE CURVE; VORONOI DIAGRAMS; OFFSET ALGORITHM; LASER; FABRICATION; SURFACES; TOOLPATH; PATH AB One crucial component of the additive manufacturing software toolchain is a class of geometric algorithms known as "slicers." The purpose of the slicer is to compute a parametric toolpath and associated commands, which direct an additive manufacturing system to produce a physical realization of a three-dimensional input model. Existing slicing algorithms operate by application of geometric transformations upon the input geometry in order to produce the toolpath. In this paper we introduce a new implicit slicing algorithm based on the computation of toolpaths derived from the level sets of arbitrary heuristics based or physics-based fields defined over the input geometry. This enables computationally efficient slicing of arbitrarily complex geometries in a straight forward fashion. Additionally, the calculation of component "infill" (as a process control parameter) is explored due to its crucial effect on functional performance fields of interest such as strain and stress distributions. Several examples of the application of the proposed implicit slicer are presented. Finally, an example demonstrating improved structural performance during physical testing is presented. We conclude with remarks regarding the strengths of the implicit approach relative to existing explicit approaches, and discuss future work required in order to extend the methodology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Steuben, John C.; Iliopoulos, Athanasios P.; Michopoulos, John G.] US Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Michopoulos, JG (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory; National Research Council's Research Associateship Program FX The authors acknowledge support for this work by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's core funding, as well as the National Research Council's Research Associateship Program. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0010-4485 EI 1879-2685 J9 COMPUT AIDED DESIGN JI Comput.-Aided Des. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 77 BP 107 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.cad.2016.04.003 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA DO5PM UT WOS:000377835200008 ER PT J AU Zhai, JY Luo, T Gao, XS Graham, SM Baral, M Korkolis, YP Knudsen, E AF Zhai, Jinyuan Luo, Tuo Gao, Xiaosheng Graham, Stephen M. Baral, Madhav Korkolis, Yannis P. Knudsen, Erik TI Modeling the ductile damage process in commercially pure titanium SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE Plastic anisotropy; Tension-compression asymmetry; Ductile fracture; Void damage; Shear damage ID YIELD CRITERION; VOID NUCLEATION; ELLIPSOIDAL CAVITIES; NONSPHERICAL VOIDS; APPROXIMATE MODELS; COMBINED TENSION; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; STRESS-STATE; GURSON MODEL; FLOW RULES AB This paper presents a constitutive model, which combines the models proposed by Stewart and Cazacu (2011) and Zhou et al. (2014), to describe the ductile damage process in a commercially pure titanium (CP Ti) and to simulate its mechanical response. In particular, a Gurson-type porous material model is modified by coupling two damage parameters, accounting for the void damage and the shear damage respectively, into the yield function and the flow potential. The plastic anisotropy and tension-compression asymmetry exhibited by CP Ti are accounted for by a plasticity model based on the linear transformation of the stress deviator. The theoretical model is implemented in the general purpose finite element software ABAQUS via a user defined subroutine and calibrated using experimental data. Good comparisons are observed between model predictions and experimental results for a series of specimens in different orientations and experiencing a wide range of stress states. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhai, Jinyuan; Luo, Tuo; Gao, Xiaosheng] Univ Akron, Dept Mech Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Graham, Stephen M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Baral, Madhav; Korkolis, Yannis P.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Mech Engn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Knudsen, Erik] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Corros Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gao, XS (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Mech Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. EM xgao@uakron.edu FU Office of Naval Research through Naval Research Laboratory; Office of the Secretary of Defense, Technical Corrosion Collaboration program through NCERCAMP; Office of the Secretary of Defense, Technical Corrosion Collaboration program through US Air Force Academy FX This research is made possible by funding from the Office of Naval Research (through Naval Research Laboratory) and from the Office of the Secretary of Defense, Technical Corrosion Collaboration program (through NCERCAMP and US Air Force Academy). The authors also acknowledge the assistance of Alexis Lewis for performing the texture scans. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 EI 1879-2146 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 91 BP 26 EP 45 DI 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2016.04.031 PG 20 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA DO4BC UT WOS:000377725800003 ER PT J AU Nguyen, TKT Nguyen, NV Prasad, NR AF Tam-Khanh Tu Nguyen Nho-Van Nguyen Prasad, Nadipuram (Ram) R. TI Eliminated Common-Mode Voltage Pulsewidth Modulation to Reduce Output Current Ripple for Multilevel Inverters SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Common-mode voltage (CMV); current ripple; harmonic distortion; multilevel inverter; pulsewidth modulation (PWM); PWM inverters ID WINDING INDUCTION-MOTOR; SPACE-VECTOR MODULATION; PWM SCHEMES; HARMONIC DISTORTION; DISCONTINUOUS PWM; BEARING CURRENTS; CLAMPED INVERTER; SWITCHING RIPPLE; SHAFT VOLTAGE; DRIVES AB The paper presents an analysis on the output current ripple in zero common-mode voltage (ZCMV) PWM control of multilevel inverters. The modulation strategy for common-mode voltage (CMV) elimination in multilevel inverters is based on the "three zero common-mode vectors" principle. The space vector diagram, which consists of vectors of ZCMV, is fully explored by properly depicting the base voltage vectors and their corresponding active switching vectors. The switching patterns are limited to those of three switching states each of which is symmetrically distributed. Based on the PWM process simplified to that of a two-level inverter with three allowable switching states and the degree of freedom existing in the switching states arrangement, a novel carrier-based pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) method with optimized output current ripple is proposed. Compared to the existing PWM methods which utilize the same kind of switching patterns, the proposed PWM method has reduced considerably the rms current ripple and total harmonic distortion (THD) of the output current in a wide region of the modulation index. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by both simulation and experimental results. C1 [Tam-Khanh Tu Nguyen; Nho-Van Nguyen] Ho Chi Minh City Univ Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam. [Prasad, Nadipuram (Ram) R.] New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Scool Elect & Comp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Prasad, Nadipuram (Ram) R.] Off Naval Res, SPAWAR Syst Ctr, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Nguyen, TKT; Nguyen, NV (reprint author), Ho Chi Minh City Univ Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam.; Prasad, NR (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Scool Elect & Comp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.; Prasad, NR (reprint author), Off Naval Res, SPAWAR Syst Ctr, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. EM nkttam@hcmut.edu.vn; nvnho@hcmut.edu.vn; ramprasad@msn.com NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8993 EI 1941-0107 J9 IEEE T POWER ELECTR JI IEEE Trans. Power Electron. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 31 IS 8 BP 5952 EP 5966 DI 10.1109/TPEL.2015.2489560 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DG8YR UT WOS:000372370000052 ER PT J AU Hernandez-Saz, J Herrera, M Delgado, FJ Duguay, S Philippe, T Gonzalez, M Abell, J Walters, RJ Molina, SI AF Hernandez-Saz, J. Herrera, M. Delgado, F. J. Duguay, S. Philippe, T. Gonzalez, M. Abell, J. Walters, R. J. Molina, S. I. TI Atom-scale compositional distribution in InAlAsSb-based triple junction solar cells by atom probe tomography SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE triple junction solar cell; InAlAsSb; atom probe tomography; compositional distribution; radial distribution function ID LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE; ALLOYS; NANOSTRUCTURE; PROPERTY; BAND AB The analysis by atom probe tomography (APT) of InAlAsSb layers with applications in triple junction solar cells (TJSCs) has shown the existence of In- and Sb-rich regions in the material. The composition variation found is not evident from the direct observation of the 3D atomic distribution and because of this a statistical analysis has been required. From previous analysis of these samples, it is shown that the small compositional fluctuations determined have a strong effect on the optical properties of the material and ultimately on the performance of TJSCs. C1 [Hernandez-Saz, J.; Herrera, M.; Delgado, F. J.; Molina, S. I.] Univ Cadiz, Fac Ciencias, Dpto Ciencia Mat eIM & QI, IMEYMAT, Campus Rio San Pedro, Cadiz 11510, Spain. [Duguay, S.] Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS,Grp Phys Mat, F-76000 Rouen, France. [Philippe, T.] CNRS, Ecole Polytech, Condensed Matter Phys, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Gonzalez, M.] Sotera Def Solut, 430 Natl Business Pkwy, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. [Gonzalez, M.; Abell, J.; Walters, R. J.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hernandez-Saz, J (reprint author), Univ Cadiz, Fac Ciencias, Dpto Ciencia Mat eIM & QI, IMEYMAT, Campus Rio San Pedro, Cadiz 11510, Spain. EM jesus.hernandez@uca.es OI Hernandez Saz, Jesus/0000-0002-6630-7203 FU ONRG through the NICOP [N62909-14-1-N244]; Spanish MINECO [TEC2014-53727-C2-2-R]; Spanish MINECO (CONSOLIDER INGENIO) [2010 CSD2009-00013]; Junta de Andalucia (PAI research group) [TEP-946]; FEDER-EU FX The authors acknowledge S Tomasulo for the x-ray diffraction; L C Hirst for temperature-dependent photoluminescence in the sample used in this study; and M P Lumb, I Vurgaftman, and J R Meyer for the band structure calculations and generally very illustrative scientific discussions regarding InAlAsSb. This work was supported by ONRG through the NICOP research grant N62909-14-1-N244, Spanish MINECO (projects TEC2014-53727-C2-2-R and CONSOLIDER INGENIO 2010 CSD2009-00013), and Junta de Andalucia (PAI research group TEP-946). Co-funding from FEDER-EU is also acknowledged. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 EI 1361-6528 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD JUL 29 PY 2016 VL 27 IS 30 AR 305402 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/27/30/305402 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DP2HO UT WOS:000378309300011 PM 27306098 ER PT J AU Lanza, NL Wiens, RC Arvidson, RE Clark, BC Fischer, WW Gellert, R Grotzinger, JP Hurowitz, JA McLennan, SM Morris, RV Rice, MS Bell, JF Berger, JA Blaney, DL Bridges, NT Calef, F Campbell, JL Clegg, SM Cousin, A Edgett, KS Fabre, C Fisk, MR Forni, O Frydenvang, J Hardy, KR Hardgrove, C Johnson, JR Lasue, J Le Mouelic, S Malin, MC Mangold, N Martin-Torres, J Maurice, S McBride, MJ Ming, DW Newsom, HE Ollila, AM Sautter, V Schroder, S Thompson, LM Treiman, AH VanBommel, S Vaniman, DT Zorzano, MP AF Lanza, Nina L. Wiens, Roger C. Arvidson, Raymond E. Clark, Benton C. Fischer, Woodward W. Gellert, Ralf Grotzinger, John P. Hurowitz, Joel A. McLennan, Scott M. Morris, Richard V. Rice, Melissa S. Bell, James F., III Berger, Jeffrey A. Blaney, Diana L. Bridges, Nathan T. Calef, Fred, III Campbell, John L. Clegg, Samuel M. Cousin, Agnes Edgett, Kenneth S. Fabre, Cecile Fisk, Martin R. Forni, Olivier Frydenvang, Jens Hardy, Keian R. Hardgrove, Craig Johnson, Jeffrey R. Lasue, Jeremie Le Mouelic, Stephane Malin, Michael C. Mangold, Nicolas Martin-Torres, Javier Maurice, Sylvestre McBride, Marie J. Ming, Douglas W. Newsom, Horton E. Ollila, Ann M. Sautter, Violaine Schroder, Susanne Thompson, Lucy M. Treiman, Allan H. VanBommel, Scott Vaniman, David T. Zorzano, Maria-Paz TI Oxidation of manganese in an ancient aquifer, Kimberley formation, Gale crater, Mars SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Mars; manganese; oxidation; MSL; ChemCam ID ATMOSPHERE; MINERALOGY; CHEMISTRY; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN; DIFFRACTION; DIAGENESIS; ROCKNEST; COATINGS; SULFUR AB The Curiosity rover observed high Mn abundances (>25wt % MnO) in fracture-filling materials that crosscut sandstones in the Kimberley region of Gale crater, Mars. The correlation between Mn and trace metal abundances plus the lack of correlation between Mn and elements such as S, Cl, and C, reveals that these deposits are Mn oxides rather than evaporites or other salts. On Earth, environments that concentrate Mn and deposit Mn minerals require water and highly oxidizing conditions; hence, these findings suggest that similar processes occurred on Mars. Based on the strong association between Mn-oxide deposition and evolving atmospheric dioxygen levels on Earth, the presence of these Mn phases on Mars suggests that there was more abundant molecular oxygen within the atmosphere and some groundwaters of ancient Mars than in the present day. C1 [Lanza, Nina L.; Wiens, Roger C.; Clegg, Samuel M.; Ollila, Ann M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Arvidson, Raymond E.] Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Clark, Benton C.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO USA. [Fischer, Woodward W.; Grotzinger, John P.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Gellert, Ralf; Campbell, John L.; VanBommel, Scott] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada. [Hurowitz, Joel A.; McLennan, Scott M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Morris, Richard V.; Ming, Douglas W.] NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Rice, Melissa S.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Geol, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Bell, James F., III; Hardgrove, Craig] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA. [Berger, Jeffrey A.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Earth Sci, London, ON, Canada. [Blaney, Diana L.; Calef, Fred, III] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Bridges, Nathan T.; Johnson, Jeffrey R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. [Cousin, Agnes; Forni, Olivier; Lasue, Jeremie; Maurice, Sylvestre; Schroder, Susanne] Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, Toulouse, France. [Edgett, Kenneth S.; Malin, Michael C.] Malin Space Sci Syst, San Diego, CA USA. [Fabre, Cecile] Univ Lorraine, GeoRessources Lab, Nancy, France. [Fisk, Martin R.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Frydenvang, Jens] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Hardy, Keian R.] US Naval Acad, Aerosp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Le Mouelic, Stephane; Mangold, Nicolas] Univ Nantes, CNRS, LPGNantes, UMR 6112, Nantes, France. [Martin-Torres, Javier; Zorzano, Maria-Paz] Lulea Univ Technol, Dept Comp Sci Elect & Space Engn, Kiruna, Sweden. [Martin-Torres, Javier] Inst Andaluz Ciencias Tierra CSIC UGR, Granada, Spain. [McBride, Marie J.] Purdue Univ, Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Newsom, Horton E.] Univ New Mexico, Inst Meteorit, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Sautter, Violaine] Museum Hist Nat, IMPMC, Paris, France. [Thompson, Lucy M.] Univ New Brunswick, Planetary & Space Sci Ctr, Fredericton, NB, Canada. [Treiman, Allan H.] Lunar & Planetary Inst, 3303 NASA Rd 1, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Vaniman, David T.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ USA. [Zorzano, Maria-Paz] Ctr Astrobiol INTA CSIC, Madrid, Spain. RP Lanza, NL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM nlanza@lanl.gov RI Frydenvang, Jens/D-4781-2013; Zorzano, Maria-Paz/F-2184-2015; OI Frydenvang, Jens/0000-0001-9294-1227; Zorzano, Maria-Paz/0000-0002-4492-9650; Clegg, Sam/0000-0002-0338-0948 FU NASA's Mars Program Office; Centre National d'Etude Spatiale; Canadian Space Agency FX We gratefully acknowledge the very helpful comments of M. Osterloo and N. Tosca. This research was carried out in the U.S. under contract from NASA's Mars Program Office. Work in France was carried out with funding from the Centre National d'Etude Spatiale and in Canada by the Canadian Space Agency. This team acknowledges the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for developing and leading the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Curiosity rover mission. The data reported in this paper are archived at the Planetary Data System, accessible at http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/msl/index.htm. Additional data are available as supporting information. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 17 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 28 PY 2016 VL 43 IS 14 BP 7398 EP 7407 DI 10.1002/2016GL069109 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DV9VL UT WOS:000383290200015 ER PT J AU Abelev, B Adamczyk, L Adkins, JK Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alekseev, I Aparin, A Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, EC Ashraf, MU Attri, A Averichev, GS Bai, X Bairathi, V Barnby, LS Bellwied, R Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattarai, P Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bombara, M Bordyuzhin, IG Bouchet, J Brandenburg, JD Brandin, AV Bunzarov, I Butterworth, J Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Campbell, JM Cebra, D Chakaberia, I Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chatterjee, A Chattopadhyay, S Chen, JH Chen, X Cheng, J Cherney, M Christie, W Contin, G Crawford, HJ Das, S De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA di Ruzza, B Didenko, L Dilks, C Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Engelage, J Eppley, G Esha, R Evdokimov, O Eyser, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Federic, P Fedorisin, J Feng, Z Filip, P Fisyak, Y Flores, CE Fulek, L Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Garand, D Geurts, F Gibson, A Girard, M Greiner, L Grosnick, D Gunarathne, DS Guo, Y Gupta, A Gupta, S Guryn, W Hamad, AI Hamed, A Haque, R Harris, JW He, L Heppelmann, S Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Horvat, S Huang, T Huang, B Huang, X Huang, HZ Huck, P Humanic, TJ Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jang, H Jentsch, A Jia, J Jiang, K Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kalinkin, D Kang, K Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Khan, ZH Kikola, DP Kisel, I Kisiel, A Kochenda, L Koetke, DD Kosarzewski, LK Kraishan, AF Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Landry, KD Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Li, C Li, Y Li, W Li, X Li, X Lin, T Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Lomnitz, M Longacre, RS Luo, S Luo, X Ma, L Ma, R Ma, GL Ma, YG Magdy, N Majka, R Manion, A Margetis, S Markert, C Matis, HS McDonald, D McKinzie, S Meehan, K Mei, JC Miller, ZW Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mishra, D Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Mustafa, MK Nandi, BK Nattrass, C Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nigmatkulov, G Niida, T Nogach, LV Noh, SY Novak, J Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Okorokov, VA Olvitt, D Page, BS Pak, R Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Pile, P Pluta, J Poniatowska, K Porter, J Posik, M Poskanzer, AM Pruthi, NK Putschke, J Qiu, H Quintero, A Ramachandran, S Ray, RL Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ruan, L Rusnak, J Rusnakova, O Sahoo, NR Sahu, PK Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, WB Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shanmuganathan, PV Shao, M Sharma, B Sharma, A Sharma, MK Shen, WQ Shi, Z Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Sikora, R Simko, M Singha, S Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Smirnov, D Solyst, W Song, L Sorensen, P Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Stepanov, M Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Sumbera, M Summa, B Sun, Y Sun, Z Sun, XM Surrow, B Svirida, DN Tang, Z Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Tawfik, A Thader, J Thomas, JH Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Todoroki, T Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Tripathy, SK Tsai, OD Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Upsal, I Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vandenbroucke, M Varma, R Vasiliev, AN Vertesi, R Videbaek, F Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wang, H Wang, Y Wang, G Wang, Y Wang, JS Wang, F Webb, G Webb, JC Wen, L Westfall, GD Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xiao, ZG Xie, W Xie, G Xin, K Xu, YF Xu, QH Xu, N Xu, J Xu, H Xu, Z Yang, Y Yang, Q Yang, S Yang, Y Yang, Y Yang, C Ye, Z Ye, Z Yi, L Yip, K Yoo, IK Yu, N Zbroszczyk, H Zha, W Zhang, S Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, S Zhang, JB Zhang, J Zhang, J Zhang, Z Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhou, L Zhu, X Zoulkarneeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Abelev, B. Adamczyk, L. Adkins, J. K. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alekseev, I. Aparin, A. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. C. Ashraf, M. U. Attri, A. Averichev, G. S. Bai, X. Bairathi, V. Barnby, L. S. Bellwied, R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhattarai, P. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bombara, M. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Bouchet, J. Brandenburg, J. D. Brandin, A. V. Bunzarov, I. Butterworth, J. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Campbell, J. M. Cebra, D. Chakaberia, I. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chatterjee, A. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, J. H. Chen, X. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Christie, W. Contin, G. Crawford, H. J. Das, S. De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. di Ruzza, B. Didenko, L. Dilks, C. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Esha, R. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Federic, P. Fedorisin, J. Feng, Z. Filip, P. Fisyak, Y. Flores, C. E. Fulek, L. Gagliardi, C. A. Gaillard, L. Garand, D. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Girard, M. Greiner, L. Grosnick, D. Gunarathne, D. S. Guo, Y. Gupta, A. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Hamad, A. I. Hamed, A. Haque, R. Harris, J. W. He, L. Heppelmann, S. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Horvat, S. Huang, T. Huang, B. Huang, X. Huang, H. Z. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jang, H. Jentsch, A. Jia, J. Jiang, K. Jones, P. G. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kalinkin, D. Kang, K. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Khan, Z. H. Kikola, D. P. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Kochenda, L. Koetke, D. D. Kosarzewski, L. K. Kraishan, A. F. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Landry, K. D. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Li, C. Li, Y. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Lin, T. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Lomnitz, M. Longacre, R. S. Luo, S. Luo, X. Ma, L. Ma, R. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Magdy, N. Majka, R. Manion, A. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McKinzie, S. Meehan, K. Mei, J. C. Miller, Z. W. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mishra, D. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Mustafa, M. K. Nandi, B. K. Nattrass, C. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nigmatkulov, G. Niida, T. Nogach, L. V. Noh, S. Y. Novak, J. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Okorokov, V. A. Olvitt, D., Jr. Page, B. S. Pak, R. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Pile, P. Pluta, J. Poniatowska, K. Porter, J. Posik, M. Poskanzer, A. M. Pruthi, N. K. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Quintero, A. Ramachandran, S. Ray, R. L. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Rusnakova, O. Sahoo, N. R. Sahu, P. K. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shanmuganathan, P. V. Shao, M. Sharma, B. Sharma, A. Sharma, M. K. Shen, W. Q. Shi, Z. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Sikora, R. Simko, M. Singha, S. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Smirnov, D. Solyst, W. Song, L. Sorensen, P. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Stepanov, M. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Sumbera, M. Summa, B. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Sun, X. M. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Tang, Z. Tang, A. H. Tarnowsky, T. Tawfik, A. Thader, J. Thomas, J. H. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Todoroki, T. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Tripathy, S. K. Tsai, O. D. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Upsal, I. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vandenbroucke, M. Varma, R. Vasiliev, A. N. Vertesi, R. Videbaek, F. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wang, H. Wang, Y. Wang, G. Wang, Y. Wang, J. S. Wang, F. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Wen, L. Westfall, G. D. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xiao, Z. G. Xie, W. Xie, G. Xin, K. Xu, Y. F. Xu, Q. H. Xu, N. Xu, J. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Yang, Y. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yang, C. Ye, Z. Ye, Z. Yi, L. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Yu, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zha, W. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, S. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, J. Zhang, J. Zhang, Z. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhou, L. Zhu, X. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zyzak, M. CA STAR Collaboration TI Near-side azimuthal and pseudorapidity correlations using neutral strange baryons and mesons in d plus Au, Cu plus Cu, and Au plus Au collisions at root S-NN=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; ROOT-S(NN)=2.76 TEV; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; PBPB COLLISIONS; DEPENDENCE; ALICE; SUPPRESSION; DETECTOR; ENERGY AB We present measurements of the near side of triggered di-hadron correlations using neutral strange baryons ( A, (A) over bar) and mesons (K-s(0)) at intermediate transverse momentum ( 3 < p(T) < 6 GeV/c) to look for possible flavor and baryon-meson dependence. This study is performed in d+Au, Cu+Cu, and Au+Au collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The near-side di-hadron correlation contains two structures, a peak which is narrow in azimuth and pseudorapidity consistent with correlations from jet fragmentation, and a correlation in azimuth which is broad in pseudorapidity. The particle composition of the jet-like correlation is determined using identified associated particles. The dependence of the conditional yield of the jet-like correlation on the trigger particle momentum, associated particle momentum, and centrality for correlations with unidentified trigger particles are presented. The neutral strange particle composition in jet-like correlations with unidentified charged particle triggers is not well described by PYTHIA. However, the yield of unidentified particles in jet-like correlations with neutral strange particle triggers is described reasonably well by the same model. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Fulek, L.; Sikora, R.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, FPACS, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Bland, L. C.; Chakaberia, I.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Eyser, O.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Jia, J.; Ke, H. W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Ma, R.; Ogawa, A.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, W. B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Todoroki, T.; Tribedy, P.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Videbaek, F.; Wang, H.; Webb, G.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Draper, J. E.; Flores, C. E.; Heppelmann, S.; Meehan, K.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dunkelberger, L. E.; Esha, R.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Landry, K. D.; Nasim, Md.; Pan, Y. X.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Wen, L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Bai, X.; Feng, Z.; Huck, P.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Pei, H.; Shi, S. S.; Sun, X. M.; Wang, Y.; Xu, J.; Yang, Y.; Yu, N.; Zhang, J. B.] Cent China Normal Univ, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Evdokimov, O.; Huang, B.; Khan, Z. H.; Luo, S.; Miller, Z. W.; Pandit, Y.; Ye, Z.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; De Silva, L. C.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Rusnakova, O.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Federic, P.; Rusnak, J.; Simko, M.; Sumbera, M.; Vertesi, R.] AS CR, Nucl Phys Inst, Prague 25068, Czech Republic. [Kisel, I.; Stock, R.; Zyzak, M.] FIAS, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Das, S.; Sahu, P. K.; Tripathy, S. K.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Kalinkin, D.; Lin, T.; Skoby, M. J.; Solyst, W.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, M. K.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Aparin, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Bouchet, J.; Hamad, A. I.; Kabana, S.; Keane, D.; Lomnitz, M.; Margetis, S.; Quintero, A.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Singha, S.; Wu, Y.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Adkins, J. K.; Fatemi, R.; Ramachandran, S.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Jang, H.; Noh, S. Y.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon 305701, South Korea. [Chen, X.; Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, Peoples R China. [Contin, G.; Dong, X.; Greiner, L.; Manion, A.; Matis, H. S.; McKinzie, S.; Mustafa, M. K.; Odyniec, G.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Shi, Z.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Thader, J.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kochenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Okorokov, V. A.; Strikhanov, M.] Natl Res Nucl Univ MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Bairathi, V.; Haque, R.; Mishra, D.; Mohanty, B.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Huang, T.; Yang, Y.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Campbell, J. M.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Upsal, I.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Pawlik, B.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Attri, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Dilks, C.; Heppelmann, S.; Summa, B.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia. [Garand, D.; He, L.; Hirsch, A.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B.; Stepanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Xie, W.; Zhao, J.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 46241, South Korea. [Brandenburg, J. D.; Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Roberts, J. B.; Tlusty, D.; Xin, K.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Guo, Y.; Jiang, K.; Li, C.; Li, X.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Xie, G.; Yang, Q.; Yang, S.; Yang, C.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, S.; Zhou, L.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Mei, J. C.; Xu, Q. H.; Zhang, J.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chen, J. H.; Li, W.; Ma, L.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shah, N.; Shen, W. Q.; Shou, Q. Y.; Xu, Y. F.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, Z.; Zhong, C.] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Magdy, N.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Gunarathne, D. S.; Kraishan, A. F.; Li, X.; Olvitt, D., Jr.; Posik, M.; Surrow, B.; Vandenbroucke, M.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Chang, Z.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mondal, M. M.; Sahoo, N. R.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Barnby, L. S.; Bombara, M.; Gaillard, L.; Jones, P. G.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Bhattarai, P.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Jentsch, A.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; McDonald, D.; Song, L.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Ashraf, M. U.; Cheng, J.; Huang, X.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Drachenberg, J. L.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chatterjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Nayak, T. K.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Girard, M.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisiel, A.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Poniatowska, K.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, PL-00661 Warsaw, Poland. [Kauder, K.; Llope, W. J.; Niida, T.; Putschke, J.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Pluta, J.; Tawfik, A.] WLCAPP, Cairo 11571, Egypt. [Abelev, B.; Caines, H.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Nattrass, C.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.; Yi, L.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Abelev, B (reprint author), Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RI Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Yi, Li/Q-1705-2016; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Gunarathne, Devika/C-4903-2017 OI Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Yi, Li/0000-0002-7512-2657; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Gunarathne, Devika/0000-0002-7155-7418 FU RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; KISTI Center in Korea; Open Science Grid consortium; Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NSFC of China; CAS of China; MoST of China; MoE of China; National Research Foundation of Korea; NCKU (Taiwan); MSMT of the Czech Republic; FIAS of Germany; DAE of India; DST of India; UGC of India; National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia; GA of the Czech Republic FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, the KISTI Center in Korea, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, the National Research Foundation of Korea, NCKU (Taiwan), GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FIAS of Germany, DAE, DST, and UGC of India, the National Science Centre of Poland, National Research Foundation, the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 20 U2 21 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL 28 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 AR 014910 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.94.014910 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA DT4ZN UT WOS:000381490400004 ER PT J AU Good, BL Simmons, S Mirotznik, M AF Good, Brandon L. Simmons, Shaun Mirotznik, Mark TI General optimization of tapered anti-reflective coatings SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID DESIGN; BAND; SURFACES AB An efficient, general optimized method is outlined that achieves antireflective tapers using lossless, non-dispersive dielectrics. The method modifies the derivative of a perfect antireflective wave amplitude distribution rather than the index of refraction distribution. Modifying the derivative of the wave amplitude distribution minimizes the potential index of refraction distributions and ensures perfect antireflection at one frequency, incidence angle, and linear polarization combination. Additional combinations of frequency, incident angle, and linear polarization can be targeted at a particular reflection coefficient within the optimization. After the method is outlined, three examples are shown with one being fabricated and validated at radiofrequencies. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Good, Brandon L.; Simmons, Shaun] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, 9500 Macarthur Blvd, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Mirotznik, Mark] Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 140 Evans Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Mirotznik, M (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 140 Evans Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM mirotzni@ece.udel.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was funded by Office of Naval Research. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JUL 25 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 15 BP 16618 EP 16629 DI 10.1364/OE.24.016618 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA DX9LB UT WOS:000384715800042 PM 27464116 ER PT J AU Kripke, K Njeuhmeli, E Samuelson, J Schnure, M Dalal, S Farley, T Hankins, C Thomas, AG Reed, J Stegman, P Bock, N AF Kripke, Katharine Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel Samuelson, Julia Schnure, Melissa Dalal, Shona Farley, Timothy Hankins, Catherine Thomas, Anne G. Reed, Jason Stegman, Peter Bock, Naomi TI Assessing Progress, Impact, and Next Steps in Rolling Out Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention in 14 Priority Countries in Eastern and Southern Africa through 2014 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COSTS AB Background In 2007, the World Health Organization and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) identified 14 priority countries across eastern and southern Africa for scaling up voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) services. Several years into this effort, we reflect on progress. Methods Using the Decision Makers' Program Planning Tool (DMPPT) 2.1, we assessed age-specific impact, cost-effectiveness, and coverage attributable to circumcisions performed through 2014. We also compared impact of actual progress to that of achieving 80% coverage among men ages 15-49 in 12 VMMC priority countries and Nyanza Province, Kenya. We populated the models with age-disaggregated VMMC service statistics and with population, mortality, and HIV incidence and prevalence projections exported from country-specific Spectrum/Goals files. We assumed each country achieved UNAIDS' 90-90-90 treatment targets. Results More than 9 million VMMCs were conducted through 2014: 43% of the estimated 20.9 million VMMCs required to reach 80% coverage by the end of 2015. The model assumed each country reaches the UNAIDS targets, and projected that VMMCs conducted through 2014 will avert 240,000 infections by the end of 2025, compared to 1.1 million if each country had reached 80% coverage by the end of 2015. The median estimated cost per HIV infection averted was $4,400. Nyanza Province in Kenya, the 11 priority regions in Tanzania, and Uganda have reached or are approaching MC coverage targets among males ages 15-24, while coverage in other age groups is lower. Across all countries modeled, more than half of the projected HIV infections averted were attributable to circumcising 10- to 19-year-olds. Conclusions The priority countries have made considerable progress in VMMC scale-up, and VMMC remains a cost-effective strategy for epidemic impact, even assuming near-universal HIV diagnosis, treatment coverage, and viral suppression. Examining circumcision coverage by five-year age groups will inform countries' decisions about next steps. C1 [Kripke, Katharine; Stegman, Peter] Avenir Hlth, Project SOAR, Washington, DC USA. [Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC USA. [Samuelson, Julia; Dalal, Shona] WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. [Schnure, Melissa] Project SOAR, Palladium Grp, Washington, DC USA. [Farley, Timothy] Sigma3 Serv, Nyon, Switzerland. [Hankins, Catherine] Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Thomas, Anne G.] US Dept Def, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Reed, Jason] Jhpiego, Washington, DC USA. [Bock, Naomi] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Njeuhmeli, E (reprint author), US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC USA. EM enjeuhmeli@usaid.gov FU American people through the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR); United States Agency for International Development (USAID) [AID-OAA-14-00026, AIDOAA-A-14-00046] FX This manuscript is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) with the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the Cooperative Agreement Project SOAR(Supporting Operational AIDS Research), number AID-OAA-14-00026, and Cooperative Agreement Strengthening High Impact Interventions for an AIDS-free Generation, number AIDOAA-A-14-00046. The information provided does not necessarily reflect the official position of USAID, PEPFAR, WHO, CDC, DoD, or the United States Government, and the contents of this article are the sole responsibility of Projects SOAR and AIDSFree, the Population Council, and the authors. E. Njeuhmeli played a substantial role in study design and manuscript preparation. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 21 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0158767 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0158767 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DS5CG UT WOS:000380797500024 PM 27441648 ER PT J AU Rossi, JE Cress, CD Goodman, SM Cox, ND Puchades, I Bucossi, AR Merrill, A Landi, BJ AF Rossi, Jamie E. Cress, Cory D. Goodman, Sheila M. Cox, Nathanael D. Puchades, Ivan Bucossi, Andrew R. Merrill, Andrew Landi, Brian J. TI Enhanced Electrical Transport in Carbon Nanotube Thin Films through Defect Modulation SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; GRAPHENE; BUNDLES; PURIFICATION; TRANSISTORS AB The electrical properties of single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) thin films were enhanced through defect introduction and subsequent thermal annealing in forming gas. The defect density in the SWCNT thin films was modulated using ion irradiation with 150 keV B-11(+) over the fluence range of 1 X 10(13) and 1 X 10(15) ions/cm(2). Following thermal annealing at 1000 degrees C in forming gas, partial recovery in the optical absorbance and Raman spectra is observed at all fluences studied, with 100% recovery observed in samples exposed to a fluence less than 5 X 10(13) ions/cm(2). By comparison, annealing yields near complete recovery of the electrical conductivity at all fluences studied (up to 1 X 10(15) ions/cm(2)). Remarkably, radiation exposure up to a fluence of 1 X 10(14) ions/cm(2) followed by thermal annealing improves the electrical conductivity, exceeding the as-purified value by as much as similar to 4X. These results implicate the origin of the enhanced SWCNT network conductance with the formation of transport-enhancing inter-SWCNT bridges that decrease inter-SWCNT junction resistance, thereby enhancing the overall network connectivity. C1 [Rossi, Jamie E.; Goodman, Sheila M.; Puchades, Ivan; Merrill, Andrew; Landi, Brian J.] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Rossi, Jamie E.; Cox, Nathanael D.; Puchades, Ivan; Bucossi, Andrew R.; Merrill, Andrew; Landi, Brian J.] Rochester Inst Technol, NanoPower Res Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Cox, Nathanael D.; Bucossi, Andrew R.] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Microsyst Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Cress, Cory D.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Landi, BJ (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.; Landi, BJ (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, NanoPower Res Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM brian.landi@rit.edu RI Cox, Nathanael/A-2564-2017; OI Cox, Nathanael/0000-0003-0843-9141; Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU U.S. Government; Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [HDTRA-1-10-1-0122]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-15-1-2720]; Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program through Office of the Director of National Intelligence; Office of Naval Research 6.1 Base Funding FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the U.S. Government, the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under Grant HDTRA-1-10-1-0122, and the Office of Naval Research under Grant N00014-15-1-2720. This project was also partially supported by a grant from the Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program through funding from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence. C. D. Cress acknowledges funding from the Office of Naval Research 6.1 Base Funding. All statements of fact, opinion, or analysis expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect the official positions or views of the Intelligence Community or any other U.S. Government agency. Nothing in the contents should be construed as asserting or implying U.S. Government authentication of information or Intelligence Community endorsement of the author's views. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD JUL 21 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 28 BP 15488 EP 15495 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b04881 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DS2HV UT WOS:000380590600057 ER PT J AU Wilmott, D Alves, F Karunasiri, G AF Wilmott, Daniel Alves, Fabio Karunasiri, Gamani TI Bio-Inspired Miniature Direction Finding Acoustic Sensor SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID FLY ORMIA-OCHRACEA; MICROPHONE; DIAPHRAGMS; HEARING; EARS AB A narrowband MEMS direction finding sensor has been developed based on the mechanically coupled ears of the Ormia Ochracea fly. The sensor consists of two wings coupled at the middle and attached to a substrate using two legs. The sensor operates at its bending resonance frequency and has cosine directional characteristics similar to that of a pressure gradient microphone. Thus, the directional response of the sensor is symmetric about the normal axis making the determination of the direction ambiguous. To overcome this shortcoming two sensors were assembled with a canted angle similar to that employed in radar bearing locators. The outputs of two sensors were processed together allowing direction finding with no requirement of knowing the incident sound pressure level. At the bending resonant frequency of the sensors (1.69 kHz) an output voltage of about 25 V/Pa was measured. The angle uncertainty of the bearing of sound ranged from less than 0.3 degrees close to the normal axis (0 degrees) to 3.4 degrees at the limits of coverage (+/- 60 degrees) based on the 30 degrees canted angle used. These findings indicate the great potential to use dual MEMS direction finding sensor assemblies to locate sound sources with high accuracy. C1 [Wilmott, Daniel; Alves, Fabio; Karunasiri, Gamani] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Alves, F (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM fdalves@nps.edu FU TDSI; ONR FX The authors would like to thank Brett Borden for helpful discussions and Nancy Haegel, San Barone and Jay Adeff for technical assistance. The work is supported in part by TDSI and ONR. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 15 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD JUL 21 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 29957 DI 10.1038/srep29957 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR8VA UT WOS:000380174500001 PM 27440657 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonino, R Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caragiulo, M Caraveo, PA Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Cohen, JM Cohen-Tanugi, J Costanza, F Cutini, S D'Ammando, F Davis, DS de Angelis, A de Palma, F Desiante, R Digel, SW Di Lalla, N Di Mauro, M Di Venere, L Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Focke, WB Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Georganopoulos, M Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Godfrey, G Green, D Grenier, IA Guiriec, S Hays, E Hewitt, JW Hill, AB Jogler, T Johnnesson, G Kensei, S Kuss, M Larsson, S Latronico, L Li, J Li, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lubrano, P Magill, JD Maldera, S Manfreda, A Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN McConville, W McEnery, JE Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Negro, M Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Orienti, M Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Schmid, J Sgro, C Simone, D Siskind, EJ Spada, F Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stawarz, L Takahashi, H Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Vianello, G Wood, KS Wood, M Zimmer, S AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonino, R. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caragiulo, M. Caraveo, P. A. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Cohen, J. M. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Costanza, F. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. Davis, D. S. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Desiante, R. Digel, S. W. Di Lalla, N. Di Mauro, M. Di Venere, L. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Focke, W. B. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Georganopoulos, M. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Godfrey, G. Green, D. Grenier, I. A. Guiriec, S. Hays, E. Hewitt, J. W. Hill, A. B. Jogler, T. Johnnesson, G. Kensei, S. Kuss, M. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Li, J. Li, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lubrano, P. Magill, J. D. Maldera, S. Manfreda, A. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Negro, M. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Schmid, J. Sgro, C. Simone, D. Siskind, E. J. Spada, F. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stawarz, L. Takahashi, H. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Vianello, G. Wood, K. S. Wood, M. Zimmer, S. TI FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE DETECTION OF EXTENDED GAMMA-RAY EMISSION FROM THE RADIO GALAXY FORNAX A SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (Fornax A); galaxies: jets; gamma rays: galaxies; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; COMPTON X-RAYS; SOURCE CATALOG; EAST LOBE; SCALE; STRENGTHS; OUTBURST; NGC-1316; CLUSTER AB We report the Fermi Large Area Telescope detection of extended gamma-ray emission from the lobes of the radio galaxy Fornax. A using 6.1 years of Pass. 8 data. After Centaurus. A, this is now the second example of an extended gamma-ray source attributed to a radio galaxy. Both an extended flat disk morphology and a morphology following the extended radio lobes were preferred over a point-source description, and the core contribution was constrained to be < 14% of the total gamma-ray flux. A preferred alignment of the gamma-ray elongation with the radio lobes was demonstrated by rotating the radio lobes template. We found no significant evidence for variability on similar to 0.5 year timescales. Taken together, these results strongly suggest a lobe origin for the gamma-rays. With the extended nature of the > 100 MeV gamma-ray emission established, we model the source broadband emission considering currently available total lobe radio and millimeter flux measurements, as well as X-ray detections attributed to inverse Compton (IC) emission off the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Unlike the Centaurus. A case, we find that a leptonic model involving IC scattering of CMB and extragalactic background light (EBL) photons underpredicts the gamma-ray fluxes by factors of about similar to 2-3, depending on the EBL model adopted. An additional gamma-ray spectral component is thus required, and could be due to hadronic emission arising from proton-proton collisions of cosmic rays with thermal plasma within the radio lobes. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.] Clemson Univ, Kinard Lab Phys, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Digel, S. W.; Di Mauro, M.; Focke, W. B.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Digel, S. W.; Di Mauro, M.; Focke, W. B.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ballet, J.; Grenier, I. A.; Schmid, J.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, CEA IRFU, Lab AIM,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Chiaro, G.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bellazzini, R.; Di Lalla, N.; Kuss, M.; Manfreda, A.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spada, F.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Caragiulo, M.; Costanza, F.; de Palma, F.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Simone, D.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Desiante, R.; Latronico, L.; Maldera, S.; Negro, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Negro, M.] Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Buson, S.; Cohen, J. M.; Davis, D. S.; Ferrara, E. C.; Green, D.; Guiriec, S.; Hays, E.; McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.; Perkins, J. S.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, F-34095 Montpellier, France. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Buson, S.; Georganopoulos, M.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Buson, S.; Georganopoulos, M.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Buson, S.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cheung, C. C.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cheung, C. C.; Wood, K. S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Cohen, J. M.; Green, D.; Magill, J. D.; McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Kensei, S.; Ohno, M.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Funk, S.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Hewitt, J. W.] Univ North Florida, Dept Phys, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Hill, A. B.] Univ Southampton, Highfield, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Johnnesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] AlbaNova, KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Space Sci IEEC CSIC, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Mitthumsiri, W.] Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Murgia, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Cosmol, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Stawarz, L.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Zimmer, S.] Univ Geneva, DPNC, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Chekhtman, A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Cheung, CC (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Teddy.Cheung@nrl.navy.mil; georgano@umbc.edu; jmagill@umd.edu; wmcconvi@umd.edu; stawarz@oa.uj.edu.pl RI Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Ajello, Marco/0000-0002-6584-1703; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Hill, Adam/0000-0003-3470-4834; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; DI MAURO, MATTIA/0000-0003-2759-5625; Mazziotta, Mario Nicola/0000-0001-9325-4672 FU Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France FX Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 1 AR 1 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1IU UT WOS:000381962200001 ER PT J AU Kaplan, DL Kupfer, T Nice, DJ Irrgang, A Heber, U Arzoumanian, Z Beklen, E Crowter, K DeCesar, ME Demorest, PB Dolch, T Ellis, JA Ferdman, RD Ferrara, EC Fonseca, E Gentile, PA Jones, G Jones, ML Kreuzer, S Lam, MT Levin, L Lorimer, DR Lynch, RS McLaughlin, MA Miller, AA Ng, C Pennucci, TT Prince, TA Ransom, SM Ray, PS Spiewak, R Stairs, IH Stovall, K Swiggum, J Zhu, WW AF Kaplan, David L. Kupfer, Thomas Nice, David J. Irrgang, Andreas Heber, Ulrich Arzoumanian, Zaven Beklen, Elif Crowter, Kathryn DeCesar, Megan E. Demorest, Paul B. Dolch, Timothy Ellis, Justin A. Ferdman, Robert D. Ferrara, Elizabeth C. Fonseca, Emmanuel Gentile, Peter A. Jones, Glenn Jones, Megan L. Kreuzer, Simon Lam, Michael T. Levin, Lina Lorimer, Duncan R. Lynch, Ryan S. McLaughlin, Maura A. Miller, Adam A. Ng, Cherry Pennucci, Timothy T. Prince, Tom A. Ransom, Scott M. Ray, Paul S. Spiewak, Renee Stairs, Ingrid H. Stovall, Kevin Swiggum, Joseph Zhu, Weiwei TI PSR J1024-0719: A MILLISECOND PULSAR IN AN UNUSUAL LONG-PERIOD ORBIT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; pulsars: individual (PSR J1024-0719); stars: distances ID SKY SURVEY 2MASS; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; MILKY-WAY; PROPER MOTIONS; NEUTRON-STARS; BINARY PULSAR; EVOLUTION; RESOLUTION; DISCOVERY; TELESCOPE AB PSR J1024-0719 is a millisecond pulsar that was long thought to be isolated. However, puzzling results concerning its velocity, distance, and low rotational period derivative have led to a reexamination of its properties. We present updated radio timing observations along with new and archival optical data which show that PSR J1024-0719 is most likely in a long-period (2-20 kyr) binary system with a low-mass (approximate to 0.4 M-circle dot), low-metallicity (Z approximate to -0.9 dex) main-sequence star. Such a system can explain most of the anomalous properties of this pulsar. We suggest that this system formed through a dynamical exchange in a globular cluster that ejected it into a halo orbit, which is consistent with the low observed metallicity for the stellar companion. Further astrometric and radio timing observations such as measurement of the third period derivative could strongly constrain the range of orbital parameters. C1 [Kaplan, David L.; DeCesar, Megan E.; Spiewak, Renee; Swiggum, Joseph] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Ctr Gravitat Cosmol & Astrophys, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Kupfer, Thomas; Miller, Adam A.; Prince, Tom A.] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Nice, David J.] Lafayette Coll, Dept Phys, Easton, PA 18042 USA. [Irrgang, Andreas; Heber, Ulrich; Kreuzer, Simon] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Astron Inst, Dr Karl Remeis Observ & ECAP, Sternwartstr 7, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Arzoumanian, Zaven] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Arzoumanian, Zaven] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Xray Astrophys Lab, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Beklen, Elif] Suleyman Demirel Univ, Dept Phys, TR-32260 Isparta, Turkey. [Beklen, Elif; Gentile, Peter A.; Jones, Megan L.; Levin, Lina; Lorimer, Duncan R.; McLaughlin, Maura A.] West Virginia Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, POB 6315, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Crowter, Kathryn; Fonseca, Emmanuel; Ng, Cherry; Stairs, Ingrid H.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, 6224 Agr Rd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Demorest, Paul B.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, 1003 Lopezville Rd, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Dolch, Timothy] Hillsdale Coll, Dept Phys, 33 E Coll St, Hillsdale, MI 49242 USA. [Ellis, Justin A.; Miller, Adam A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Ferdman, Robert D.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Ferrara, Elizabeth C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Jones, Glenn] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Lam, Michael T.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lynch, Ryan S.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, POB 2, Green Bank, WV 24944 USA. [Pennucci, Timothy T.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, POB 400325, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Ransom, Scott M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Ray, Paul S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stairs, Ingrid H.] McGill Space Inst, 3550 Rue Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2A7, Canada. [Stovall, Kevin] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Miller, Adam A.; Zhu, Weiwei] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. RP Kaplan, DL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Ctr Gravitat Cosmol & Astrophys, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. RI Heber, Ulrich/G-3306-2013; OI Heber, Ulrich/0000-0001-7798-6769; Kaplan, David/0000-0001-6295-2881 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) PIRE program [0968296]; NSF Physics Frontiers Center [1430284]; NSERC Discovery Grant; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; NASA from a Hubble Fellowship [HST-HF-51325.01]; STScI; NASA [NAS 5-26555] FX We thank J. Creighton, C. Bassa, and S. Phinney for useful discussions. The NANOGrav project receives support from National Science Foundation (NSF) PIRE program award number 0968296 and NSF Physics Frontiers Center award number 1430284. P.S.R.'s work at NRL is supported by the Chief of Naval Research. Pulsar research at UBC is supported by an NSERC Discovery Grant and by the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. A.A.M. acknowledges support for this work by NASA from a Hubble Fellowship grant: HST-HF-51325.01, awarded by STScI, operated by AURA, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. Part of the research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 67 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 1 AR 86 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/86 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1IU UT WOS:000381962200086 ER PT J AU Fahey, AJ Groopman, EE Grabowski, KS Fazel, KC AF Fahey, Albert J. Groopman, Evan E. Grabowski, Kenneth S. Fazel, Kamron C. TI Measurement of Uranium Isotopes in Particles of U3O8 by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry-Single-Stage Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (SIMS-SSAMS) SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INDIVIDUAL PARTICLES; 300 KV; AMS; ACTINIDES; ELEMENTS AB A commercial secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS) was coupled to a 300 kV single-stage accelerator mass spectrometer (SSAMS). Positive secondary ions generated with the SIMS were injected into the SSAMS for analysis. This combined instrument was used to measure the uranium isotopic ratios in particles of three certified reference materials (CRM) of uranium, CRM U030a, CRM U500, and CRM U850. The ability to inject positive ions into the SSAMS is unique for ANIS systems and allows for simple analysis of nearly the entire periodic table because most elements will readily produce positive ions. Isotopic ratios were measured on samples of a few picograms to nanograms of total U. Destruction of UH+ ions in the stripper tube of the SSAMS reduced hydride levels by a factor of similar to 3 x 10(4) giving the UH+/U+ ratio at the SSAMS detector of similar to 1.4 X 10(-8). These hydride ion levels would allow the measurement of Pu-239 at the 10 ppb level in the presence of U and the equivalent of similar to 10(-10) U-236 concentration in natural uranium. SIMS-SSAMS analysis of solid nuclear materials, such as these, with signals nearly free of molecular interferences, could have a significant future impact on the way some measurements are made for nuclear nonproliferation. C1 [Fahey, Albert J.; Grabowski, Kenneth S.; Fazel, Kamron C.] US Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Code 6367,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Groopman, Evan E.] Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fahey, AJ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Code 6367,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM albert.fahey@nrl.navy.mil NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 19 PY 2016 VL 88 IS 14 BP 7145 EP 7153 DI 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01209 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA DS0OO UT WOS:000380296800027 PM 27321905 ER PT J AU Radin, JM Hawksworth, AW Myers, CA Ricketts, MN Hansen, EA Brice, GT AF Radin, Jennifer M. Hawksworth, Anthony W. Myers, Christopher A. Ricketts, Michelle N. Hansen, Erin A. Brice, Gary T. TI Influenza vaccine effectiveness: Maintained protection throughout the duration of influenza seasons 2010-2011 through 2013-2014 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccine effectiveness; Influenza; Postvaccination; Age groups ID ELDERLY POPULATION; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; PERSISTENCE; IMPACT AB Background: Factors, such as age, comorbidities, vaccine type, herd immunity, previous influenza exposure, and antigenic shift may impact the immune response to the influenza vaccine, protection against circulating strains, and antibody waning. Evaluating vaccine effectiveness (VE) is important for informing timing of vaccine administration and evaluating overall vaccine benefit. Methods: VE was assessed using febrile respiratory illness surveillance among Department of Defense non active duty beneficiaries from influenza seasons 2010-2011 through 2013-2014. Respiratory specimens were taken from participants meeting the case definition and tested by polymerase chain reaction for influenza. VE was calculated using logistic regression and by taking 1 minus the odds ratio of being vaccinated in the laboratory confirmed positive influenza cases versus laboratory confirmed negative controls. Results: This study included 1486 participants. We found an overall adjusted VE that provided significant and fairly consistent protection ranging from 54% to 67% during 0-180 days postvaccination. This VE dropped to -11% (95% confidence interval: -102% to 39%) during 181-365 days. Conclusions: Our study found moderate VE up to 6 months postvaccination. Since the influenza season starts at different times each year, optimal timing is difficult to predict. Consequently, early influenza vaccination may still offer the best overall protection. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Radin, Jennifer M.; Hawksworth, Anthony W.; Myers, Christopher A.; Ricketts, Michelle N.; Hansen, Erin A.; Brice, Gary T.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Operat Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Radin, JM (reprint author), Scripps Translat Sci Inst, 3344 North Torrey Pines Court,Suite 300, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM radin.jennifer@scrippshealth.org FU Armed Forces Health Surveillance Branch - Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response Section [P0064_15_SD]; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. by U.S. Government FX This work was supported by the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Branch - Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response Section under proposal P0064_15_SD. Mr. Anthony Hawksworth, Ms. Michelle Ricketts, and Ms. Erin Hansen are employed by The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. and are funded to do this work by the U.S. Government. Dr. Christopher Myers is a civilian, and CDR Gary Brice is a military service member. Dr. Jennifer Radin was employed by The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine but now works for the Scripps Translational Science Institute. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 19 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 33 BP 3907 EP 3912 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.05.034 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DS1XN UT WOS:000380418600031 PM 27265447 ER PT J AU Chavez, DE Parrish, DA Mitchell, L AF Chavez, David E. Parrish, Damon A. Mitchell, Lauren TI Energetic Trinitro- and Fluorodinitroethyl Ethers of 1,2,4,5-Tetrazines SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE energetic materials; fluorine; heterocycles; oxidation; structure determination ID S-TETRAZINES; ELEMENTAL FLUORINE; CHEMISTRY; ESTERS; DI AB Several new energetic ethyl ethers of 1,2,4,5-tetrazine have been synthesized. These molecules display good thermal stability, good oxygen balance, and high densities. Included in these studies are a 2,2,2-trinitroethoxy 1,2,4,5-tetrazine and two fluorodinitroethoxy 1,2,4,5-tetrazines. One of these compounds was converted into the di-N-oxide derivative. The sensitivity of these materials towards destructive stimuli was determined, and overall the materials show promising energetic performance properties. C1 [Chavez, David E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div M, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mitchell, Lauren] Dept Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Chavez, DE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div M, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dechavez@lanl.gov FU Joint Munitions Technology Development Program; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-AF-0-0002] FX We would like to thank Stephanie Hagelberg (elemental analysis) for characterization, Hongzhao Tian, Jose G. Archuleta (sensitivity testing), and Mary Sandstrom (thermal analysis). We would also like to thank the Joint Munitions Technology Development Program for funding this work. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security (LANS, LLC) under contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 for the U.S. Department of Energy. We also thank the Office of Naval Research (Award No. N00014-11-AF-0-0002). NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 7 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 EI 1521-3773 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PD JUL 18 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 30 BP 8666 EP 8669 DI 10.1002/anie.201604115 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DV9IG UT WOS:000383253500032 PM 27273564 ER PT J AU Hirst, LC Yakes, MK Warner, JH Bennett, MF Schmieder, KJ Walters, RJ Jenkins, PP AF Hirst, L. C. Yakes, M. K. Warner, J. H. Bennett, M. F. Schmieder, K. J. Walters, R. J. Jenkins, P. P. TI Intrinsic radiation tolerance of ultra-thin GaAs solar cells SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID IRRADIATION-INDUCED DEGRADATION; RECOMBINATION; PHOTODIODES AB Radiation tolerance is a critical performance criterion of photovoltaic devices for space power applications. In this paper we demonstrate the intrinsic radiation tolerance of an ultra-thin solar cell geometry. Device characteristics of GaAs solar cells with absorber layer thicknesses 80 nm and 800 nm were compared before and after 3MeV proton irradiation. Both cells showed a similar degradation in V-oc with increasing fluence; however, the 80 nm cell showed no degradation in I-sc for fluences up to 10(14) p(+) cm(-2). For the same exposure, the I-sc of the 800 nm cell had severely degraded leaving a remaining factor of 0.26. C1 [Hirst, L. C.; Yakes, M. K.; Warner, J. H.; Schmieder, K. J.; Walters, R. J.; Jenkins, P. P.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bennett, M. F.] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. RP Hirst, LC (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Karles' Fellowship program at NRL; National Research Council, Research Associateship Program FX L.C.H. acknowledges support from the Karles' Fellowship program at NRL. K.J.S. acknowledges support from the National Research Council, Research Associateship Program. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 18 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 3 AR 033908 DI 10.1063/1.4959784 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DT3MR UT WOS:000381385900081 ER PT J AU Vaddypally, S McKendry, IG Tomlinson, W Hooper, JP Zdilla, MJ AF Vaddypally, Shivaiah McKendry, Ian G. Tomlinson, Warren Hooper, Joseph P. Zdilla, Michael J. TI Electronic Structure of Manganese Complexes of the Redox-Non-innocent Tetrazene Ligand and Evidence for the Metal-Azide/Imido Cycloaddition Intermediate SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE density functional calculations; energetic materials; non-innocence; tetrazene; valence tautomerism ID X-RAY CRYSTAL; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; OXIDATION-STATES; AZIDES; DERIVATIVES; REACTIVITY; CHEMISTRY; MN; MONONUCLEAR; IRON(II) AB The first synthetic manganese tetrazene complexes are described as a redox pair comprising anionic [Mn(N(4)Ad(2))(2)](-) (1) and neutral Mn(N(4)Ad(2))(2) (2) complexes (N(4)Ad(2)=[Ad-N-N=N-N-Ad](2-)). Compound 1 is obtained in two forms as lithium salts, one as a cationic Li2Mn cluster, and one as a Mn-Li 1D ionic polymer. Compound 1 is electronically described as a Mn-III center with two [N(4)Ad(2)](2-) ligands. The one-electron oxidized 2 is crystalized in two morphologies, one as pure 2 and one as an acetonitrile adduct. Despite similar composition, the behavior of 2 differs in the two morphologies. Compound 2-MeCN is relatively air and temperature stable. Crystalline 2, on the other hand, exhibits a compositional, dynamic disorder wherein the tetrazene metallacycle ring-opens into a metal imide/azide complex detectable by X-ray crystallography and FTIR spectroscopy. Electronic structure of 2 was examined by EPR and XPS spectroscopies and DFT calculations, which indicate 2 is best described as a Mn-III ion with an anion radical delocalized across the two ligands through spin-polarization effects. C1 [Vaddypally, Shivaiah; McKendry, Ian G.; Zdilla, Michael J.] Temple Univ, Dept Chem, 1901 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Tomlinson, Warren; Hooper, Joseph P.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Zdilla, MJ (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Chem, 1901 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.; Hooper, JP (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jphooper@nps.edu; mzdilla@temple.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-13-1-0539, N00014-15-1-2681]; Camille and Henry Dreyfus foundation; NSF [1428149] FX The Office of Naval Research is gratefully acknowledged for support of this work under awards N00014-13-1-0539 (M.J.Z.) and N00014-15-1-2681 (J.P.H.). The work was partially supported by the Camille and Henry Dreyfus foundation. The CENTC elemental analysis center at Rochester University is supported by NSF under award number 1428149. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 17 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 EI 1521-3765 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD JUL 18 PY 2016 VL 22 IS 30 BP 10548 EP 10557 DI 10.1002/chem.201600531 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DS0GK UT WOS:000380273300035 PM 27339316 ER PT J AU Nguyen, VA Palo, SE Lieberman, RS Forbes, JM Ortland, DA Siskind, DE AF Nguyen, Vu A. Palo, Scott E. Lieberman, Ruth S. Forbes, Jeffrey M. Ortland, David A. Siskind, David E. TI Generation of secondary waves arising from nonlinear interaction between the quasi 2day wave and the migrating diurnal tide SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE nonlinear interaction; atmospheric tides; 2-day wave; SABER ID LATENT-HEAT RELEASE; 2-DAY WAVE; QUASI-2-DAY WAVE; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; LOWER-THERMOSPHERE; NONMIGRATING TIDES; THERMAL EXCITATION; RADAR OBSERVATIONS; WIND OSCILLATIONS; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS AB Theory and past observations have provided evidence that atmospheric tides and other global-scale waves interact nonlinearly to produce additional secondary waves throughout the space-atmosphere interaction region. However, few studies have investigated the generation region of nonlinearly generated secondary waves, and as a result, the manifestation and impacts of these waves are still poorly understood. This study focuses on the nonlinear interaction between the quasi 2day wave (2dayW3) and the migrating diurnal tide (DW1), two of the largest global-scale waves in the atmosphere. The fundamental goals of this effort are to characterize the forcing region of the secondary waves and to understand how it relates to their manifestation on a global scale. First, the Fast Fourier Synoptic Mapping method is applied to Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics-Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry satellite observations to provide new evidence of secondary waves. These results show that secondary waves are only significant above 80km. The nonlinear forcing for each secondary wave is then computed by extracting short-term primary wave information from a reanalysis model. The estimated nonlinear forcing quantities are used to force a linearized tidal model in order to calculate numerical secondary wave responses. Model results show that the secondary waves are significant from the upper mesosphere to the middle thermosphere, highlighting the implications for the atmosphere-space weather coupling. The study also concludes that the secondary wave response is most sensitive to the nonlinear forcing occurring in the lower and middle mesosphere and not coincident with the regions of strongest nonlinear forcing. C1 [Nguyen, Vu A.; Palo, Scott E.; Forbes, Jeffrey M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Nguyen, Vu A.; Lieberman, Ruth S.] GATS Inc, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Ortland, David A.] Northwest Res Associates, Redmond, WA USA. [Siskind, David E.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Nguyen, VA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Nguyen, VA (reprint author), GATS Inc, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. EM vu.a.nguyen1@gmail.com FU JPL [1483557] FX The authors wish to thank the TIMED-SABER data processing teams. SABER data can be accessed at http://saber.gats-inc.com. NOGAPS-ALPHA data and linear tidal model output are archived at GATS, Inc., and available upon request (vu.a.nguyen1@gmail.com). The author also wish to thank the reviewers for their helpful comments. This research was supported by JPL subcontract 1483557. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUL 16 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 13 BP 7762 EP 7780 DI 10.1002/2016JD024794 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DS4DB UT WOS:000380730500016 ER PT J AU Yang, MT Zhuang, X Sing, MLC Dolabdjian, C Goldstein, D Finkel, P Li, JF Viehland, D AF Yang, May-Tia Zhuang, Xin Sing, Marc Lam Chok Dolabdjian, Christophe Goldstein, David Finkel, Peter Li, Jiefang Viehland, Dwight TI Investigation of a Bending-Mode Magneto(Elasto)electric Sensor Using a Phase Modulation With a PLL SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Magnetoelectric; bending mode; equivalent magnetic noise ID COMPOSITES AB Bending-mode magnetostrictive-piezoelectric sensors clamped at its two extremities show promising results for an enhancement of its magnetic field sensitivity by using a phase modulation (PM) technique. In this operating mode, the sensor is excited by an external carrier at its bending resonant frequency. The results of such a magnetic field sensing by a magneto(elasto)electric bilayer when using a PM technique with a phase locked loop circuitry are presented. The aim of this method is to follow the phase shift at the bending resonant frequency of the sensor, which is proportional to the applied magnetic field for the small-signal regime. We obtained a magnetic sensitivity of similar to 1.5 kV/T and an equivalent magnetic noise level around 80 nT/root Hz at 2 Hz. These performances are presently limited by the noise from our electronics, suggesting that there is room for further improvements. C1 [Yang, May-Tia; Sing, Marc Lam Chok; Dolabdjian, Christophe] Le Ctr Natl Rech Sci, GREYC Lab, F-14050 Caen, France. [Zhuang, Xin; Li, Jiefang; Viehland, Dwight] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Goldstein, David; Finkel, Peter] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yang, MT (reprint author), Le Ctr Natl Rech Sci, GREYC Lab, F-14050 Caen, France. EM may-tia.yang@ensicaen.fr; xzhuang11@yahoo.fr; marc.lam@ensicaen.fr; christophe.dolabdjian@unicaen.fr; david.goldstein@nrl.navy.mil; peter.finkel@nrl.navy.mil; jiefang@mse.vt.edu; viehland@mse.vt.edu FU Office of Naval Research Global and Region of Lower Normandy FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research Global and Region of Lower Normandy. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was Dr. Jurgen Kosel. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1530-437X EI 1558-1748 J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 16 IS 14 BP 5557 EP 5562 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2016.2568265 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA DR0MM UT WOS:000379601600009 ER PT J AU Brewer, SJ Deng, CZ Callaway, CP Paul, MK Fisher, KJ Guerrier, JE Rudy, RQ Polcawich, RG Jones, JL Glaser, ER Cress, CD Bassiri-Gharb, N AF Brewer, Steven J. Deng, Carmen Z. Callaway, Connor P. Paul, McKinley K. Fisher, Kenzie J. Guerrier, Jonathon E. Rudy, Ryan Q. Polcawich, Ronald G. Jones, Jacob L. Glaser, Evan R. Cress, Cory D. Bassiri-Gharb, Nazanin TI Effect of top electrode material on radiation-induced degradation of ferroelectric thin film structures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-RAY IRRADIATION; AU/PBZR0.52TI0.48O3/YBA2CU3O7-DELTA CAPACITORS; RETENTION CHARACTERISTICS; POLARIZATION RETENTION; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; TI)O-3 CAPACITORS; FATIGUE; CERAMICS; OXIDE; MECHANISMS AB The effects of gamma irradiation on the dielectric and piezoelectric responses of Pb[Zr(0.5)2Ti(0.48)]O-3 (PZT) thin film stacks were investigated for structures with conductive oxide (IrO2) and metallic (Pt) top electrodes. The samples showed, generally, degradation of various key dielectric, ferroelectric, and electromechanical responses when exposed to 2.5 Mrad (Si) Co-60 gamma radiation. However, the low-field, relative dielectric permittivity, epsilon(r), remained largely unaffected by irradiation in samples with both types of electrodes. Samples with Pt top electrodes showed substantial degradation of the remanent polarization and overall piezoelectric response, as well as pinching of the polarization hysteresis curves and creation of multiple peaks in the permittivity-electric field curves post irradiation. The samples with oxide electrodes, however, were largely impervious to the same radiation dose, with less than 5% change in any of the functional characteristics. The results suggest a radiation-induced change in the defect population or defect energy in PZT with metallic top electrodes, which substantially affects motion of internal interfaces such as domain walls. Additionally, the differences observed for stacks with different electrode materials implicate the ferroelectric-electrode interface as either the predominant source of radiation-induced effects (Pt electrodes) or the site of healing for radiation-induced defects (IrO2 electrodes). Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Brewer, Steven J.; Paul, McKinley K.; Fisher, Kenzie J.; Bassiri-Gharb, Nazanin] Georgia Inst Technol, GW Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Brewer, Steven J.; Deng, Carmen Z.; Callaway, Connor P.; Bassiri-Gharb, Nazanin] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Paul, McKinley K.] Woodward Acad, College Pk, MD 30337 USA. [Fisher, Kenzie J.] Riverwood Int Charter Sch, Atlanta, GA 30328 USA. [Guerrier, Jonathon E.; Jones, Jacob L.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Rudy, Ryan Q.; Polcawich, Ronald G.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Glaser, Evan R.; Cress, Cory D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Brewer, SJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, GW Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.; Brewer, SJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. OI Callaway, Connor/0000-0002-0848-1000; Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-15-1-0035] FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Basic Research Award No. #HDTRA1-15-1-0035, to Georgia Institute of Technology. The contents do not necessarily reflect the position or the policy of the federal government, and no official endorsement should be inferred. The authors acknowledge the contributions of Joel Martin and Brian Power of the Army Research Laboratory and Steven Isaacson of General Technical Services for their roles in the fabrication of the PZT thin films and MEMS devices. They also acknowledge the use of the Analytical Instrumentation Facility (AIF) at North Carolina State University, which is supported by the State of North Carolina and the National Science Foundation. NR 59 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 14 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 2 AR 024101 DI 10.1063/1.4955424 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DT0CW UT WOS:000381151200005 ER PT J AU Miller, CM Kim, YC Mittal, J AF Miller, Cayla M. Kim, Young C. Mittal, Jeetain TI Protein Composition Determines the Effect of Crowding on the Properties of Disordered Proteins SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-MOLECULE SPECTROSCOPY; EQUATION-OF-STATE; MACROMOLECULAR CROWDERS; GLOBULE TRANSITION; UNFOLDED PROTEINS; FOLDING STABILITY; DYNAMICS; SEQUENCE; CONSEQUENCES; AGGREGATION AB Unlike dilute experimental conditions under which biological molecules are typically characterized, the cell interior is crowded by macromolecules, which affects both the thermodynamics and kinetics of in vivo processes. Although the excluded-volume effects of macromolecular crowding are expected to cause compaction of unfolded and disordered proteins, the extent of this effect is uncertain. We use a coarse-grained model to represent proteins with varying sequence content and directly observe changes in chain dimensions in the presence of purely repulsive spherical crowders. We find that the extent of crowding-induced compaction is dependent not only on crowder size and concentration, but also on the properties of the protein itself. In fact, we observe a nonmonotonic trend between the dimensions of the polypeptide chain in bulk and the degree of compaction: the most extended chains experience up to 24% compaction, the most compact chains show virtually no change, and intermediate chains compress by up to 40% in size at a 40% crowder volume fraction. Free-volume theory combined with an impenetrable ellipsoidal representation of the chains predicts the crowding effects only for collapsed protein chains. An additional scaling factor, which can be easily computed from protein-crowder potential of mean force, corrects for the penetrability of extended chains and is sufficient to capture the observed nonmonotonic trend in compaction. C1 [Miller, Cayla M.; Mittal, Jeetain] Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Kim, Young C.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mittal, J (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM jeetain@lehigh.edu FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation (NSF) [TG-MCB-120014] FX We acknowledge support from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. Use of the high-performance computing capabilities of the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) grant no. TG-MCB-120014, is gratefully acknowledged. NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 12 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JUL 12 PY 2016 VL 111 IS 1 BP 28 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.05.033 PG 10 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA DS1QN UT WOS:000380371400006 PM 27410731 ER PT J AU Moore, JE Hages, CJ Agrawal, R Lundstrom, MS Gray, JL AF Moore, James E. Hages, Charles J. Agrawal, Rakesh Lundstrom, Mark S. Gray, Jeffery L. TI The importance of band tail recombination on current collection and open-circuit voltage in CZTSSe solar cells SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)(4) (CZTSSe) solar cells typically exhibit high short-circuit current density (J(sc)), but have reduced cell efficiencies relative to other thin film technologies due to a deficit in the open-circuit voltage (V-oc), which prevent these devices from becoming commercially competitive. Recent research has attributed the low V-oc in CZTSSe devices to small scale disorder that creates band tail states within the absorber band gap, but the physical processes responsible for this V-oc reduction have not been elucidated. In this paper, we show that carrier recombination through non-mobile band tail states has a strong voltage dependence and is a significant performance-limiting factor, and including these effects in simulation allows us to simultaneously explain the Voc deficit, reduced fill factor, and voltage-dependent quantum efficiency with a self-consistent set of material parameters. Comparisons of numerical simulations to measured data show that reasonable values for the band tail parameters (characteristic energy, capture rate) can account for the observed low V-oc, high J(sc), and voltage dependent collection efficiency. These results provide additional evidence that the presence of band tail states accounts for the low efficiencies of CZTSSe solar cells and further demonstrates that recombination through non-mobile band tail states is the dominant efficiency limiting mechanism. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Moore, James E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Moore, James E.; Hages, Charles J.; Agrawal, Rakesh; Lundstrom, Mark S.; Gray, Jeffery L.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hages, Charles J.] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, Hahn Meitner Pl 1, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. RP Moore, JE (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Moore, JE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. OI Hages, Charles/0000-0003-4054-1218; Lundstrom, Mark/0000-0003-1460-7973 FU Solar Energy Research Institute for India and the U.S. (SERIIUS) - U.S. Department of Energy [DE AC36-08G028308]; Government of India [IUSSTF/JCERDC-SERIIUS/2012]; Office of International Affairs FX This research was based upon work supported in part by the Solar Energy Research Institute for India and the U.S. (SERIIUS) funded jointly by the U.S. Department of Energy subcontract DE AC36-08G028308 (Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Solar Energy Technology Program, with support from the Office of International Affairs) and the Government of India subcontract IUSSTF/JCERDC-SERIIUS/2012 dated 22 November 2012. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 11 PY 2016 VL 109 IS 2 AR 021102 DI 10.1063/1.4955402 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DT0EH UT WOS:000381155200002 ER PT J AU Li, CH van 't Erve, OMJ Li, YY Li, L Jonker, BT AF Li, C. H. van 't Erve, O. M. J. Li, Y. Y. Li, L. Jonker, B. T. TI Electrical Detection of the Helical Spin Texture in a p-type Topological Insulator Sb2Te3 SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID POLARIZED CURRENTS; SURFACE-STATES; CHARGE-CURRENT; ORBIT TORQUE; BI2SE3; PHASE AB The surface states of 3D topological insulators (TIs) exhibit a helical spin texture with spin locked at right angles with momentum. The chirality of this spin texture is expected to invert crossing the Dirac point, a property that has been experimentally observed by optical probes. Here, we directly determine the chirality below the Dirac point by electrically detecting spin-momentum locking in surface states of a p-type TI, Sb2Te3. A current flowing in the Sb2Te3 surface states generates a net spin polarization due to spin-momentum locking, which is electrically detected as a voltage on an Fe/Al2O3 tunnel barrier detector. Measurements of this voltage as a function of current direction and detector magnetization indicate that hole spin-momentum locking follows the right-hand rule, opposite that of electron, providing direct confirmation that the chirality is indeed inverted below Dirac point. The spin signal is linear with current, and exhibits a temperature dependence consistent with the semiconducting nature of the TI film and freeze-out of bulk conduction below 100 K. Our results demonstrate that the chirality of the helical spin texture of TI surface states can be determined electrically, an enabling step in the electrical manipulation of spins in next generation TI-based quantum devices. C1 [Li, C. H.; van 't Erve, O. M. J.; Jonker, B. T.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Li, Y. Y.; Li, L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. RP Li, CH (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM connie.li@nrl.navy.mil RI Li, Yaoyi/D-9684-2017 FU NRL Nanoscience Institute at the Naval Research Laboratory; National Science Foundation at the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee [DMR-1105839] FX The authors acknowledge support from the NRL Nanoscience Institute basic research program and core programs at the Naval Research Laboratory, and from the National Science Foundation (DMR-1105839) at the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 25 U2 41 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD JUL 11 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 29533 DI 10.1038/srep29533 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DQ9LQ UT WOS:000379531800001 PM 27404321 ER PT J AU Drake, JJ Delgado, L Laming, JM Starrfield, S Kashyap, V Orlando, S Page, KL Hernanz, M Ness, JU Gehrz, RD van Rossum, D Woodward, CE AF Drake, Jeremy J. Delgado, Laura Laming, J. Martin Starrfield, Sumner Kashyap, Vinay Orlando, Salvatore Page, Kim L. Hernanz, M. Ness, J. -U. Gehrz, R. D. van Rossum, Daan Woodward, Charles E. TI COLLIMATION AND ASYMMETRY OF THE HOT BLAST WAVE FROM THE RECURRENT NOVA V745 Sco SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE novae, cataclysmic variables; shock waves; stars: individual (V745 Sco); X-rays: binaries; X-rays: stars ID ACCRETING WHITE-DWARFS; X-RAY-EMISSION; TRANSMISSION GRATING SPECTROMETER; EXPANDING NEBULAR REMNANT; RS-OPHIUCHI; 2006 OUTBURST; V407 CYGNI; SUPERNOVA REMNANT; ATOMIC DATABASE; DELPHINI 2013 AB The recurrent symbiotic nova V745 Sco exploded on 2014 February 6 and was observed on February 22 and 23 by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Transmission Grating Spectrometers. By that time the supersoft source phase had already ended, and Chandra spectra are consistent with emission from a hot, shock-heated circumstellar medium with temperatures exceeding 10(7) K. X-ray line profiles are more sharply peaked than expected for a spherically symmetric blast wave, with a full width at zero intensity of approximately 2400 km s(-1), an FWHM of 1200 +/- 30 km s(-1), and an average net blueshift of 165 +/- 10 km s(-1). The red wings of lines are increasingly absorbed toward longer wavelengths by material within the remnant. We conclude that the blast wave was sculpted by an aspherical circumstellar medium in which an equatorial density enhancement plays a role, as in earlier symbiotic nova explosions. Expansion of the dominant X-ray-emitting material is aligned close to the plane of the sky and is most consistent with an orbit seen close to face-on. Comparison of an analytical blast wave model with the X-ray spectra, Swift observations, and near-infrared line widths indicates that the explosion energy was approximately 10(43) erg and confirms an ejected mass of approximately 10(-7)M(circle dot). The total mass lost is an order of magnitude lower than the accreted mass required to have initiated the explosion, indicating that the white dwarf is gaining mass and is a Type Ia supernova progenitor candidate. C1 [Drake, Jeremy J.; Kashyap, Vinay] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Delgado, Laura; Hernanz, M.] CSIC, IEEC, ICE, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Laming, J. Martin] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7674L, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Starrfield, Sumner] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Orlando, Salvatore] Osservatorio Astron Palermo GS Vaiana, INAF, Piazza Parlamento 1, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Page, Kim L.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Ness, J. -U.] ESA, ESAC, Sci Operat Dept, Sci Operat Div, E-28691 Villanueva De La Canada, Madrid, Spain. [Gehrz, R. D.; Woodward, Charles E.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, 116 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [van Rossum, Daan] Univ Chicago, Flash Ctr Computat Sci, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Drake, JJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Delgado, Laura/A-5272-2017; OI Delgado, Laura/0000-0002-1218-8106; Orlando, Salvatore/0000-0003-2836-540X FU NASA [NAS8-03060]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (MINECO) [ESP2014-56003-R]; basic research funds of the CNR; UK Space Agency; NSF; United States Air Force; Chandra award [G04-15023A] FX We thank the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) Mission Planning team for rapid and timely scheduling of the ToO observations reported on here. J.J.D. and V.K. were funded by NASA contract NAS8-03060 to the CXC and thank the director, B. Wilkes, and the CXC science team for advice and support. L.D. and M.H. acknowledge the support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (MINECO) under the grant ESP2014-56003-R. J.M.L. was supported by basic research funds of the CNR. K.L.P. acknowledges funding from the UK Space Agency. S.S. acknowledges partial support from NASA, NSF, and Chandra grants to ASU. R.D.G. was supported by NASA and the United States Air Force. C.E.W. acknowledges support from Chandra award G04-15023A. Finally, we also thank H. Tananbaum for useful comments on the original manuscript. NR 93 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 2 AR 95 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/2/95 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1BM UT WOS:000381940800013 ER PT J AU Shao, XY Pang, WC Griffith, C Ziaei, E van de Lindt, J AF Shao, Xiaoyun Pang, Weichiang Griffith, Chelsea Ziaei, Ershad van de Lindt, John TI Development of a hybrid simulation controller for full-scale experimental investigation of seismic retrofits for soft-story woodframe buildings SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE hybrid simulation controller; incremental development approach; woodframe buildings; seismic retrofits AB Hybrid simulations of a full-scale soft-story woodframe building specimen with various retrofits were carried out as part of the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation Research project - NEES-Soft: seismic risk reduction for soft-story woodframe buildings. The test structure in the hybrid simulation was a three-story woodframe building that was divided into a numerical substructure of the first story with various retrofits and a full-scale physical substructure of the upper two stories. Four long-stroke actuators, two at the second floor and two at the roof diaphragm, were attached to the physical substructure to impose the simulated seismic responses including both translation and in-plane rotation. Challenges associated with this first implementation of a full-scale hybrid simulation on a woodframe building were identified. This paper presents the development and validation of a scalable and robust hybrid simulation controller for efficient test site deployment. The development consisted of three incremental validation phases ranging from small-scale, mid-scale, to full-scale tests conducted at three laboratories. Experimental setup, procedure, and results of each phase of the controller development are discussed, demonstrating the effectiveness and efficiency of the incremental controller development approach for large-scale hybrid simulation programs with complex test setup. Copyright (C) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Shao, Xiaoyun; Griffith, Chelsea] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Civil & Construct Engn, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Pang, Weichiang; Ziaei, Ershad] Clemson Univ, Glenn Dept Civil Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [van de Lindt, John] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Griffith, Chelsea] Naval Sea Syst Command, Washington, DC 20376 USA. RP Shao, XY (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Civil & Construct Engn, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. EM xiaoyun.shao@wmich.edu FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-104163, CMMI-1314957] FX This work was primarily supported by the National Science Foundation under awards number CMMI-104163 and CMMI-1314957. The authors would like to thank The University of Alabama for providing access to the large-scale Structural Engineering Laboratory. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0098-8847 EI 1096-9845 J9 EARTHQ ENG STRUCT D JI Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn. PD JUL 10 PY 2016 VL 45 IS 8 BP 1233 EP 1249 DI 10.1002/eqe.2704 PG 17 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA DT6VO UT WOS:000381622800002 ER PT J AU Downey, BP Katzer, DS Nepal, N Meyer, DJ Storm, DF Wheeler, VD Hardy, MT AF Downey, B. P. Katzer, D. S. Nepal, N. Meyer, D. J. Storm, D. F. Wheeler, V. D. Hardy, M. T. TI Electrical characterisation of epitaxial AlN/Nb2N heterostructures grown by molecular beam epitaxy SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAN; AIN AB Initial electrical characterisation of epitaxial AlN/Nb2N heterostructures grown by molecular beam epitaxy on 6H-SiC substrates is presented. Metal-insulator-metal (MIM) devices of varying diameter were used for current-voltage and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements at various temperatures. From C-V measurements, a dielectric constant of 10.1 was extracted along with a linear dependence of capacitance on temperature of 0.02 nF/cm(2)/degrees C. Leakage current was determined to be consistent with a Poole-Frenkel conduction mechanism at electric fields >1.25 MV/cm with an extracted trap ionisation energy of 0.82 eV. Electric field breakdown ranged between 3.4 and 5.6 MV/cm with some dependence on the diameter of the MIM device. These initial findings demonstrate the potential for high-power devices based on AlN. C1 [Downey, B. P.; Katzer, D. S.; Meyer, D. J.; Storm, D. F.; Wheeler, V. D.] US Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nepal, N.] Sotera Def Solut, 2121 Cooperat Way,Suite 400, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. [Hardy, M. T.] CNR, US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Downey, BP (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.downey@nrl.navy.mil FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (D. Green) and by the Office of Naval Research. The authors thank Neil Green for his assistance with sample fabrication. The views, opinions and/or findings expressed are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official views or policies of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 29 U2 29 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 EI 1350-911X J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JUL 7 PY 2016 VL 52 IS 14 BP 1263 EP + DI 10.1049/el.2016.0331 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DR4BL UT WOS:000379846400040 ER PT J AU Spillmann, CM Naciri, J Ratna, BR Selinger, RLB Selinger, JV AF Spillmann, Christopher M. Naciri, Jawad Ratna, B. R. Selinger, Robin L. B. Selinger, Jonathan V. TI Electrically Induced Twist in Smectic Liquid-Crystalline Elastomers SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID AC PHASE-CHANGE; CONTINUUM THEORY; FILMS AB As an approach for electrically controllable actuators, we prepare elastomers of chiral smectic-A liquid crystals, which have an electroclinic effect, i.e., molecular tilt induced by an applied electric field. Surprisingly, our experiments find that an electric field causes a rapid and reversible twisting of the film out of the plane, with a helical sense that depends on the sign of the field. To explain this twist, we develop a continuum elastic theory based on an asymmetry between the front and back of the film. We further present finite-element simulations, which show the dynamic shape change. C1 [Spillmann, Christopher M.; Naciri, Jawad; Ratna, B. R.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Selinger, Robin L. B.; Selinger, Jonathan V.] Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44242 USA. RP Selinger, JV (reprint author), Kent State Univ, Inst Liquid Crystal, Kent, OH 44242 USA. EM jselinge@kent.edu FU Office of Naval Research; National Science Foundation [DMR-0605889, DMR-1106014, DMR-1409658]; NSF [PHY11-25915] FX We would like to thank Fangfu Ye for helpful discussions. Work at the Naval Research Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research, and work at Kent State University was supported by National Science Foundation Grants DMR-0605889, DMR-1106014, and DMR-1409658. Part of this work was completed at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, supported by NSF Grant PHY11-25915. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 7 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 26 BP 6368 EP 6372 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b03241 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA DQ8JN UT WOS:000379457200065 PM 27096378 ER PT J AU Regan, SP Goncharov, VN Igumenshchev, IV Sangster, TC Betti, R Bose, A Boehly, TR Bonino, MJ Campbell, EM Cao, D Collins, TJB Craxton, RS Davis, AK Delettrez, JA Edgell, DH Epstein, R Forrest, CJ Frenje, JA Froula, DH Johnson, MG Glebov, VY Harding, DR Hohenberger, M Hu, SX Jacobs-Perkins, D Janezic, R Karasik, M Keck, RL Kelly, JH Kessler, TJ Knauer, JP Kosc, TZ Loucks, SJ Marozas, JA Marshall, FJ McCrory, RL McKenty, PW Meyerhofer, DD Michel, DT Myatt, JF Obenschain, SP Petrasso, RD Radha, PB Rice, B Rosenberg, MJ Schmitt, AJ Schmitt, MJ Seka, W Shmayda, WT Shoup, MJ Shvydky, A Skupsky, S Solodov, AA Stoeckl, C Theobald, W Ulreich, J Wittman, MD Woo, KM Yaakobi, B Zuegel, JD AF Regan, S. P. Goncharov, V. N. Igumenshchev, I. V. Sangster, T. C. Betti, R. Bose, A. Boehly, T. R. Bonino, M. J. Campbell, E. M. Cao, D. Collins, T. J. B. Craxton, R. S. Davis, A. K. Delettrez, J. A. Edgell, D. H. Epstein, R. Forrest, C. J. Frenje, J. A. Froula, D. H. Johnson, M. Gatu Glebov, V. Yu. Harding, D. R. Hohenberger, M. Hu, S. X. Jacobs-Perkins, D. Janezic, R. Karasik, M. Keck, R. L. Kelly, J. H. Kessler, T. J. Knauer, J. P. Kosc, T. Z. Loucks, S. J. Marozas, J. A. Marshall, F. J. McCrory, R. L. McKenty, P. W. Meyerhofer, D. D. Michel, D. T. Myatt, J. F. Obenschain, S. P. Petrasso, R. D. Radha, P. B. Rice, B. Rosenberg, M. J. Schmitt, A. J. Schmitt, M. J. Seka, W. Shmayda, W. T. Shoup, M. J., III Shvydky, A. Skupsky, S. Solodov, A. A. Stoeckl, C. Theobald, W. Ulreich, J. Wittman, M. D. Woo, K. M. Yaakobi, B. Zuegel, J. D. TI Demonstration of Fuel Hot-Spot Pressure in Excess of 50 Gbar for Direct-Drive, Layered Deuterium-Tritium Implosions on OMEGA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL IGNITION FACILITY; LASER; PERFORMANCE; DISPERSION; LIGHT AB A record fuel hot-spot pressure P-hs = 56 +/- 7 Gbar was inferred from x-ray and nuclear diagnostics for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion cryogenic, layered deuterium-tritium implosions on the 60-beam, 30-kJ, 351-nm OMEGA Laser System. When hydrodynamically scaled to the energy of the National Ignition Facility, these implosions achieved a Lawson parameter similar to 60% of the value required for ignition [A. Bose et al., Phys. Rev. E 93, LM15119ER (2016)], similar to indirect-drive implosions [R. Betti et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 255003 (2015)], and nearly half of the direct-drive ignition-threshold pressure. Relative to symmetric, one-dimensional simulations, the inferred hot-spot pressure is approximately 40% lower. Three-dimensional simulations suggest that low-mode distortion of the hot spot seeded by laser-drive nonuniformity and target-positioning error reduces target performance. C1 [Regan, S. P.; Goncharov, V. N.; Igumenshchev, I. V.; Sangster, T. C.; Betti, R.; Bose, A.; Boehly, T. R.; Bonino, M. J.; Campbell, E. M.; Cao, D.; Collins, T. J. B.; Craxton, R. S.; Davis, A. K.; Delettrez, J. A.; Edgell, D. H.; Epstein, R.; Forrest, C. J.; Froula, D. H.; Glebov, V. Yu.; Harding, D. R.; Hohenberger, M.; Hu, S. X.; Jacobs-Perkins, D.; Janezic, R.; Keck, R. L.; Kelly, J. H.; Kessler, T. J.; Knauer, J. P.; Kosc, T. Z.; Loucks, S. J.; Marozas, J. A.; Marshall, F. J.; McCrory, R. L.; McKenty, P. W.; Michel, D. T.; Myatt, J. F.; Radha, P. B.; Rice, B.; Rosenberg, M. J.; Seka, W.; Shmayda, W. T.; Shoup, M. J., III; Shvydky, A.; Skupsky, S.; Solodov, A. A.; Stoeckl, C.; Theobald, W.; Ulreich, J.; Wittman, M. D.; Woo, K. M.; Yaakobi, B.; Zuegel, J. D.] Univ Rochester, Lab Laser Energet, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Betti, R.; Bose, A.; Woo, K. M.] Univ Rochester, Fus Sci Ctr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Frenje, J. A.; Johnson, M. Gatu; Petrasso, R. D.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Karasik, M.; Petrasso, R. D.; Schmitt, A. J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Meyerhofer, D. D.; Schmitt, M. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Betti, R.; Bose, A.; McCrory, R. L.; Woo, K. M.] Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Betti, R.; Bose, A.; McCrory, R. L.; Woo, K. M.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Regan, SP (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Lab Laser Energet, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM sreg@lle.rochester.edu RI Hu, Suxing/A-1265-2007; OI Hu, Suxing/0000-0003-2465-3818; Schmitt, Mark/0000-0002-0197-9180 FU DOE NNSA [DE-NA0001944]; University of Rochester; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority FX The authors acknowledge the excellent operation of the OMEGA laser system. This material is based on work supported by the DOE NNSA under Award No. DE-NA0001944, the University of Rochester, and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority. The support of DOE does not constitute an endorsement by the DOE of the views expressed in this Letter. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 11 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 7 PY 2016 VL 117 IS 2 AR 025001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.025001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DR2IR UT WOS:000379728700007 PM 27447511 ER PT J AU Hindes, J Schwartz, IB AF Hindes, Jason Schwartz, Ira B. TI Epidemic Extinction and Control in Heterogeneous Networks SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COMPLEX NETWORKS; OPTIMAL PATHS AB We consider epidemic extinction in finite networks with a broad variation in local connectivity. Generalizing the theory of large fluctuations to random networks with a given degree distribution, we are able to predict the most probable, or optimal, paths to extinction in various configurations, including truncated power laws. We find that paths for heterogeneous networks follow a limiting form in which infection first decreases in low-degree nodes, which triggers a rapid extinction in high-degree nodes, and finishes with a residual low-degree extinction. The usefulness of our approach is further demonstrated through optimal control strategies that leverage the dependence of finite-size fluctuations on network topology. Interestingly, we find that the optimal control is a mix of treating both high-and low-degree nodes based on theoretical predictions, in contrast to methods that ignore dynamical fluctuations. C1 [Hindes, Jason; Schwartz, Ira B.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Sect, Code 6792, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hindes, J (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Sect, Code 6792, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory [N0001414WX00023]; Office of Naval Research [N0001414WX20610] FX We are grateful to Luis Mier-y-Teran Romero, D. J. Schneider, B. S. Lindley, C. R. Myers, and L. B. Shaw for useful discussions. J. H. received support as a National Research Council postdoctoral fellow. I. B. S was supported by U.S. Naval Research Laboratory funding (Grant No. N0001414WX00023) and the Office of Naval Research (Grant No. N0001414WX20610). NR 24 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 6 PY 2016 VL 117 IS 2 AR 028302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.028302 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DR2IO UT WOS:000379728400017 PM 27447531 ER PT J AU House, T Webb, PD AF House, Tyler Webb, Patrick D. TI Bleeding Zenker's Diverticulum Ulcer from Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs SO ACG CASE REPORTS JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [House, Tyler] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Internal Med, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Webb, Patrick D.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Gastroenterol, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP House, T (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Internal Med, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM Tylerbhouse80@gmail.com NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL GASTROENTEROLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 6400 GOLDSBORO RD, STE 200, BETHESDA, MD 20817 USA SN 2326-3253 J9 ACG CASE REP J JI ACG Case Rep. J. PD JUL-DEC PY 2016 VL 3 IS 4 AR UNSP e148 DI 10.14309/crj.2016.121 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA EL4BS UT WOS:000394566000074 PM 27847834 ER PT J AU Yang, Y Wu, KF Shabaev, A Efros, AL Lian, TQ Beard, MC AF Yang, Ye Wu, Kaifeng Shabaev, Andrew Efros, Alexander L. Lian, Tianquan Beard, Matthew C. TI Direct Observation of Photoexcited Hole Localization in CdSe Nanorods SO ACS ENERGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE EXCITON DISSOCIATION; ULTRAFAST CHARGE SEPARATION; SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; METHYLENE-BLUE; NANOCRYSTALS; DYNAMICS; HETEROSTRUCTURES; COMPLEXES AB Quantum-confined 1D semiconductor nanostructures are being investigated for hydrogen generation photocatalysts. In the photoreaction, after fast electron transfer, holes that remain in the nanostructure play an important role in the total quantum yield of hydrogen production. Unfortunately, knowledge of hole dynamics is limited due to lack of convenient spectroscopic signatures. Here, we directly probe hole localization dynamics within CdSe nanorods (NRs) by combining transient absorption (TA) and time-resolved terahertz (TRTS) spectroscopy. We show that when methylene blue is used as an electron acceptor, the resulting electron transfer occurs with a time constant of 3.5 +/- 0.1 ps and leaves behind a delocalized hole. However, the hole quickly localizes in the Coulomb potential well generated by the reduced electron acceptor near the NR surface with time constant of 11.7 +/- 0.2 ps. Our theoretical investigation suggests that the hole becomes confined to a similar to +/- 0.8 nm region near the reduced electron acceptor and the activation energy to detrap the hole from the potential well can be as large as 235 meV. C1 [Yang, Ye; Beard, Matthew C.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Nanosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Wu, Kaifeng; Lian, Tianquan] Emory Univ, Dept Chem, 1515 Pierce Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Shabaev, Andrew; Efros, Alexander L.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Beard, MC (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Nanosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308, DE-FG02-12ER16347]; Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics, an Energy Frontiers Research Center - Office of Basic Energy Science, Office of Science within the U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program FX Work at NREL (Contract Number DE-AC36-08GO28308) and Emory (Grant No. DE-FG02-12ER16347) was supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy. Theoretical calculations were supported as part of the Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics, an Energy Frontiers Research Center funded by the Office of Basic Energy Science, Office of Science within the U.S. Department of Energy. A.L.E. acknowledges the financial support of the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2380-8195 J9 ACS ENERGY LETT JI ACS Energy Lett. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 1 IS 1 BP 76 EP 81 DI 10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00036 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EE5AS UT WOS:000389617700014 ER PT J AU Shattuck, NL Matsangas, P Moore, J Wegemann, L AF Shattuck, Nita Lewis Matsangas, Panagiotis Moore, John Wegemann, Laura TI Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Symptoms, Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, and Fatigue in the Crewmembers of a US Navy Ship SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; SEVERITY SCALE; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; INJURIES ABOARD; RISK-FACTORS; WORK; DISORDERS; RELIABILITY; OBESITY; CARRIER AB Objectives: We assessed the prevalence of, and association among, musculoskeletal (MSK) symptoms, reported sleep, daytime alertness, fatigue, and consumption of caffeinated beverages. Methods: Crewmembers of a U.S. Navy aircraft carrier (N = 767) completed a survey pertaining to demographics, exercise frequency, sleep duration, caffeinated beverages consumption, daytime sleepiness, fatigue, and MSK symptoms occurrence. Results: Participants reported 6.12 hours of sleep per day while at sea, 31.8% reported increased daytime sleepiness, whereas 9% reported elevated fatigue levels. The 12-month prevalence of MSK symptoms was 57.5%, and the 7-day prevalence was 44.4%. Approximately 20% reported that MSK symptoms prevented them from carrying out normal activities. The lower back (39.5%) and knees (33.6%) were the two body parts most frequently reported for MSK symptoms. Symptoms in lower back, knees, and ankles/feet had an increased impact on preventing crewmembers from carrying out daily activities. Symptomatic crewmembers were more likely to report elevated daytime sleepiness, increased fatigue level, shorter nighttime sleep duration, and consume more caffeinated beverages. Conclusion: MSK symptoms were frequent and frequently prevented crewmembers from carrying out their daily activities. From an occupational health perspective, interventions to optimize sleep hygiene in the naval environment should also address the impact of MSK symptoms as a confounding factor. C1 [Shattuck, Nita Lewis; Matsangas, Panagiotis] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, 1411 Cunningham Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Moore, John; Wegemann, Laura] USS NIMITZ CVN 68, Unit 100103 Box 1, FPO, AP 96620 USA. RP Shattuck, NL (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, 1411 Cunningham Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. FU Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OPNAV) N12, Arlington, VA; U.S. Navy Advanced Medical Development Program, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD FX This study could not have been accomplished without the outstanding support of the USS Nimitz command and the Sailors who volunteered to participate. This study was funded by the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OPNAV) N12, Arlington, VA, and the U.S. Navy Advanced Medical Development Program, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 181 IS 7 BP 655 EP 662 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00279 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DW5LT UT WOS:000383687400011 ER PT J AU VanSickle, M Werbel, A Perera, K Pak, K DeYoung, K Ghahramanlou-Holloway, M AF VanSickle, Marcus Werbel, Aaron Perera, Kanchana Pak, Kyna DeYoung, Kathryn Ghahramanlou-Holloway, Marjan TI Principal Component Analysis of the Suicide Opinion Questionnaire in a US Military Sample of Marine Corps Non-Commissioned Officers SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DESIRABILITY RESPONSE BIAS; SELF-REPORT; ATTITUDES; STUDENTS; STIGMA; NURSES; SCALES; RISK AB Attitudes about suicide are important to examine among individuals within a specific setting, profession, and/or culture; if found to be condemnatory, such attitudes can be effectively modified with training. The Suicide Opinion Questionnaire (SOQ) is one of the most commonly used instruments for the measurement of attitudes toward suicide. The SOQ has not been tested in military populations and the measure has demonstrated multiple different factor structures across various studies performed on civilian samples. The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to gain an understanding of the applicability and utility of the SOQ for the military; and (2) to examine the relationship among sex, education, prior exposure to suicide within one's military unit, and suicide opinions. A total of 1,758 Marine Non-Commissioned Officers (NCOs) completed the SOQ as part of a suicide program evaluation study. Results demonstrated a 4-component structure for the SOQ, accounting for approximately 30% of the total variance. Sex, education, and prior exposure to suicide within one's military unit were significantly related to suicide opinions. Recommendations are made for the development and empirical evaluation of a new and/or adapted, culturally sensitive suicide attitude measure for the military. C1 [VanSickle, Marcus; Perera, Kanchana; Pak, Kyna; DeYoung, Kathryn; Ghahramanlou-Holloway, Marjan] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med & Clin Psychol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Werbel, Aaron] US Naval Acad, 121 Blake Rd,Mail Stop 3R, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP VanSickle, M (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med & Clin Psychol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. FU U.S. Marine Corps FX Support for this research has been provided to the Laboratory for the Treatment of Suicide Related Ideation and Behavior at USUHS (Principal Investigator: Dr. Marjan Ghahramanlou-Holloway) by the U.S. Marine Corps. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 181 IS 7 BP 672 EP 679 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00062 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DW5LT UT WOS:000383687400013 PM 27391621 ER PT J AU Wheeler, B AF Wheeler, Brannon TI Where the Two Seas Meet: The Qur'anic Story of al-Khidr and Moses in Sufi Commentaries as a Model of Spiritual Guidance SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ORIENTAL SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Wheeler, Brannon] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Wheeler, B (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ORIENTAL SOC PI ANN ARBOR PA HARLAN HATCHER GRADUATE LIB UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-1205 USA SN 0003-0279 EI 2169-2289 J9 J AM ORIENTAL SOC JI J. Am. Orient. Soc. PD JUL-SEP PY 2016 VL 136 IS 3 BP 649 EP 650 PG 2 WC Asian Studies SC Asian Studies GA ED0SE UT WOS:000388551400029 ER PT J AU Murphy, TM Broussard, R Rakvic, R Ngo, H Ives, RW Schultz, R Aguayo, JT AF Murphy, Thomas M. Broussard, Randy Rakvic, Ryan Ngo, Hau Ives, Robert W. Schultz, Robert Aguayo, Joseph T. TI Use of synthetic data to test biometric algorithms SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING LA English DT Article DE face identification; face detection; synthetic data; generated data; FaceGen; OpenCV ID FACE-RECOGNITION; IMAGES AB For digital imagery, face detection and identification are functions of great importance in wide-ranging applications, including full facial recognition systems. The development and evaluation of unique and existing face detection and face identification applications require a significant amount of data. Increased availability of such data volumes could benefit the formulation and advancement of many biometric algorithms. Here, the utility of using synthetically generated face data to evaluate facial biometry methodologies to a precision that would be unrealistic for a parametrically uncontrolled dataset, is demonstrated. Particular attention is given to similarity metrics, symmetry within and between recognition algorithms, discriminatory power and optimality of pan and/or tilt in reference images or libraries, susceptibilities to variations, identification confidence, meaningful identification mislabelings, sensitivity, specificity, and threshold values. The face identification results, in particular, could be generalized to address shortcomings in various applications and help to inform the design of future strategies. (C) 2016 SPIE and IS&T C1 [Murphy, Thomas M.; Broussard, Randy; Rakvic, Ryan; Ngo, Hau; Ives, Robert W.; Schultz, Robert] US Naval Acad, Ctr Biometr Signal Proc, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Broussard, Randy] US Naval Acad, Ctr Biometr Signal Proc, Dept Weap & Syst Engn, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Aguayo, Joseph T.] North Carolina State Univ, Analyt Sci Lab, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Murphy, TM (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Ctr Biometr Signal Proc, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM murphyt@seas.upenn.edu NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IS&T & SPIE PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1017-9909 EI 1560-229X J9 J ELECTRON IMAGING JI J. Electron. Imaging PD JUL PY 2016 VL 25 IS 4 AR 043023 DI 10.1117/1.JEI.25.4.043023 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA EC0JP UT WOS:000387787000036 ER PT J AU Townsend, TK Durastanti, D Heuer, WB Foos, EE Yoon, W Tischler, JG AF Townsend, Troy K. Durastanti, Dario Heuer, William B. Foos, Edward E. Yoon, Woojun Tischler, Joseph G. TI Fabrication of Fully Solution Processed Inorganic Nanocrystal Photovoltaic Devices SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Engineering; Issue 113; inorganic nanocrystals; nanomaterials; electronic inks; photovoltaics; solution process; synthesis; thin film devices; ligand exchange; spray coating; spin coating; transparent conductive film; physics ID COLLOIDAL QUANTUM DOTS; SOLAR-CELLS; SPRAY DEPOSITION; GRAIN-GROWTH; IMPACT; INK AB We demonstrate a method for the preparation of fully solution processed inorganic solar cells from a spin and spray coating deposition of nanocrystal inks. For the photoactive absorber layer, colloidal CdTe and CdSe nanocrystals (3-5 nm) are synthesized using an inert hot injection technique and cleaned with precipitations to remove excess starting reagents. Similarly, gold nanocrystals (3-5 nm) are synthesized under ambient conditions and dissolved in organic solvents. In addition, precursor solutions for transparent conductive indium tin oxide (ITO) films are prepared from solutions of indium and tin salts paired with a reactive oxidizer. Layer-by-layer, these solutions are deposited onto a glass substrate following annealing (200-400 degrees C) to build the nanocrystal solar cell (glass/ITO/CdSe/CdTe/Au). Pre-annealing ligand exchange is required for CdSe and CdTe nanocrystals where films are dipped in NH4Cl: methanol to replace long-chain native ligands with small inorganic Cl-anions. NH4Cl(s) was found to act as a catalyst for the sintering reaction (as a non-toxic alternative to the conventional CdCl2(s) treatment) leading to grain growth (136 +/- 39 nm) during heating. The thickness and roughness of the prepared films are characterized with SEM and optical profilometry. FTIR is used to determine the degree of ligand exchange prior to sintering, and XRD is used to verify the crystallinity and phase of each material. UV/Vis spectra show high visible light transmission through the ITO layer and a red shift in the absorbance of the cadmium chalcogenide nanocrystals after thermal annealing. Current-voltage curves of completed devices are measured under simulated one sun illumination. Small differences in deposition techniques and reagents employed during ligand exchange have been shown to have a profound influence on the device properties. Here, we examine the effects of chemical (sintering and ligand exchange agents) and physical treatments (solution concentration, spray-pressure, annealing time and annealing temperature) on photovoltaic device performance. C1 [Townsend, Troy K.; Durastanti, Dario] St Marys Coll Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, St Marys City, MD 20686 USA. [Heuer, William B.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Foos, Edward E.] NSWC Indian Head EOD Technol Div, Dahlgren, VA USA. [Yoon, Woojun; Tischler, Joseph G.] Naval Res Lab, Elect & Devices Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Townsend, TK (reprint author), St Marys Coll Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, St Marys City, MD 20686 USA. EM tktownsend@smcm.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); National Research Council (NRC) Postdoctoral Fellowship at the Naval Research Laboratory FX The Office of Naval Research (ONR) is gratefully acknowledged for financial support. A portion of this work was conducted while Professor Townsend held a National Research Council (NRC) Postdoctoral Fellowship at the Naval Research Laboratory and is grateful for internal support from St. Mary's College of Maryland. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD JUL PY 2016 IS 113 AR e54154 DI 10.3791/54154 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DZ1TG UT WOS:000385622600050 ER PT J AU Hanling, SR Lagrew, JE Colmenar, DH Quiko, AS Drastol, CA AF Hanling, Steven R. Lagrew, Joseph E., II Colmenar, Derrick H. Quiko, Albin S. Drastol, Carol A. TI Intravenous Cosyntropin Versus Epidural Blood Patch for Treatment of Postdural Puncture Headache SO PAIN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Epidural Blood Patch; Postdural Puncture Headache; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Technique ID ACCIDENTAL DURAL PUNCTURE; DETERIORATION; ACTH AB Objective. This study evaluated the efficacy of IV cosyntropin as an alternative to epidural blood patch (EBP) for refractory or severe post- dural puncture headache (PDPH). Methods. Twenty-eight patients were randomized to receive EBP or intravenous cosyntropin after diagnosis with post-dural puncture headache. Efficacy was evaluated immediately after treatment and at 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days following treatment using self-reported verbal reported scores for pain and function related to their headache on a 10-point scale using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with multiple comparisons. Results. Baseline information for the control and study cohorts showed no difference based on intent to treat analysis. EBP showed significant improvement over cosyntropin at day 1 (P < 0.001) for VRS pain and function scores; however, cosyntropin demonstrated similar efficacy to EBP immediately after treatment and days 3 and 7 post treatment (respectively, P = 0.459, P = 0.391 and 0.925 for pain and P = 0.189 and 0.478 for function). Treatment effects remained at day 1 after multivariate analysis (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002 for pain and function, respectively). Conclusions. It is reasonable to consider IV cosyntropin as the treatment of choice for patients in whom EBP is contraindicated or in austere environments where there is limited or no access to anesthesia trained providers. Future research should compare efficacy and cost of prophylaxis to treatment of PDPH with intravenous cosyntropin and evaluate the most effective dosing regimen, including duration, number, and strength of doses. C1 [Hanling, Steven R.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Anesthesia & Pain Med, San Diego, CA USA. [Lagrew, Joseph E., II; Quiko, Albin S.; Drastol, Carol A.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Anesthesiol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Lagrew, Joseph E., II] Univ Florida, Dept Anesthesiol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Colmenar, Derrick H.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Anesthesiol, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Colmenar, Derrick H.] US Naval Hosp Rota, Dept Anesthesiol, Fpo, AE 09645 USA. RP Lagrew, JE (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Anesthesiol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM joseph.lagrew@navy.mil NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1526-2375 EI 1526-4637 J9 PAIN MED JI Pain Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 17 IS 7 BP 1337 EP 1342 DI 10.1093/pm/pnw014 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DZ1WK UT WOS:000385632100017 ER PT J AU Kilroy, G Smith, RK Montgomery, MT Lynch, B Earl-Spurr, C AF Kilroy, Gerard Smith, Roger K. Montgomery, Michael T. Lynch, Billy Earl-Spurr, Craig TI A case-study of amonsoon low that formed over the sea and intensified over land as seen in ECMWF analyses SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE tropical depressions; tropical lows; tropical cyclogenesis; monsoon ID TROPICAL CYCLOGENESIS; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; CYCLONES; BUDGET; WATER; HURRICANES; DYNAMICS; GENESIS; MODEL AB A case-study is presented of a tropical low that formed near Darwin, Australia, during the monsoon and subsequently intensified over land. The study is based on European Centre for Medium-rangeWeather Forecast (ECMWF) analyses. Interpretations of the formation over the sea are given in terms of vorticity dynamics. The thermodynamic support for the intensification and maintenance of the low over land is investigated also. The analyses indicate that the intensification of the low depends on repeated bursts of deep convection occurring near the centre of the circulation that promote the further concentration of vorticity near the centre. This concentration of vorticity increases the local circulation about the centre, which amounts to increasing the local tangential wind speed and, through approximate gradient wind balance above the boundary layer, to a lowering of the central pressure. It is found that the horizontal transport of moisture into a mesoscale column centred on the low is approximately equal to the moisture lost by precipitation, so that total precipitable water levels are not rapidly depleted over land. While the contribution to the overall moisture budget by surface fluxes is comparatively small, these fluxes are necessary to maintain conditionally unstable conditions near the vortex centre so that deep convective bursts can continue to occur there, even when the system is located far inland. C1 [Kilroy, Gerard; Smith, Roger K.] Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany. [Montgomery, Michael T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. [Lynch, Billy; Earl-Spurr, Craig] Bur Meteorol, Darwin, NT, Australia. RP Kilroy, G (reprint author), Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany. EM gerard.kilroy@lmu.de FU German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) [SM30/23-4]; Office of Naval Research Global [N62909-15-1-N021]; NSF [AGS-1313948]; NOAA HFIP [N0017315WR00048]; NASA [NNG11PK021]; US Naval Postgraduate School FX This work was motivated by a visit of the first three authors to the Australian Bureau of Meteorology's Regional Forecast Centre in Darwin during the monsoon season and the opportunity this visit provided to witness the monsoon first-hand as well as the forecasting challenges it poses. We thank Todd Smith for his warm hospitality and support for our research. We thank also the many forecasters at the Regional Office who have shared their expertise with us. We thank also Denis Margetic from the Bureau of Meteorology Head Office for supplying us with satellite data and for code to plot these data. We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers, whose perceptive and constructive comments helped to improve the manuscript. GK and RKS acknowledges funding for tropical cyclone research from the German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) under grant no. SM30/23-4 and the Office of Naval Research Global under grant no. N62909-15-1-N021. MTM acknowledges the support of NSF grant AGS-1313948, NOAA HFIP grant N0017315WR00048, NASA grant NNG11PK021 and the US Naval Postgraduate School. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-9009 EI 1477-870X J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 142 IS 699 BP 2244 EP 2255 DI 10.1002/qj.2814 PN B PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DY8GL UT WOS:000385367000002 ER PT J AU Abbott, BP Abbott, R Abbott, TD Abernathy, MR Acernese, F Ackley, K Adams, C Adams, T Addesso, P Adhikari, RX Adya, VB Affeldt, C Agathos, M Agatsuma, K Aggarwal, N Aguiar, OD Aiello, L Ain, A Ajith, P Allen, B Allocca, A Altin, PA Anderson, SB Anderson, WG Arai, K Araya, MC Arceneaux, CC Areeda, JS Arnaud, N Arun, KG Ascenzi, S Ashton, G Ast, M Aston, SM Astone, P Aufmuth, P Aulbert, C Babak, S Bacon, P Bader, MKM Baker, PT Baldaccini, F Ballardin, G Ballmer, SW Barayoga, JC Barclay, SE Barish, BC Barker, D Barone, F Barr, B Barsotti, L Barsuglia, M Barta, D Barthelmy, S Bartlett, J Bartos, I Bassiri, R Basti, A Batch, JC Baune, C Bavigadda, V Bazzan, M Behnke, B Bejger, M Bell, AS Bell, CJ Berger, BK Bergman, J Bergmann, G Berry, CPL Bersanetti, D Bertolini, A Betzwieser, J Bhagwat, S Bhandare, R Bilenko, IA Billingsley, G Birch, J Birney, R Biscans, S Bisht, A Bitossi, M Biwer, C Bizouard, MA Blackburn, JK Blair, CD Blair, DG Blair, RM Bloemen, S Bock, O Bodiya, TP Boer, M Bogaert, G Bogan, C Bohe, A Bojtos, P Bond, C Bondu, F Bonnand, R Boom, BA Bork, R Boschi, V Bose, S Bouffanais, Y Bozzi, A Bradaschia, C Brady, PR Braginsky, VB Branchesi, M Brau, JE Briant, T Brillet, A Brinkmann, M Brisson, V Brockill, P Brooks, AF Brown, DA Brown, DD Brown, NM Buchanan, CC Buikema, A Bulik, T Bulten, HJ Buonanno, A Buskulic, D Buy, C Byer, RL Cadonati, L Cagnoli, G Cahillane, C Bustillo, JC Callister, T Calloni, E Camp, JB Cannon, KC Cao, J Capano, CD Capocasa, E Carbognani, F Caride, S Diaz, JC Casentini, C Caudill, S Cavaglia, M Cavalier, F Cavalieri, R Cella, G Cepeda, CB Baiardi, LC Cerretani, G Cesarini, E Chakraborty, R Chalermsongsak, T Chamberlin, SJ Chan, M Chao, S Charlton, P Chassande-Mottin, E Chen, HY Chen, Y Cheng, C Chincarini, A Chiummo, A Cho, HS Cho, M Chow, 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P Eichholz, J Eikenberry, SS Engels, W Essick, RC Etzel, T Evans, M Evans, TM Everett, R Factourovich, M Fafone, V Fair, H Fairhurst, S Fan, X Fang, Q Farinon, S Farr, B Farr, WM Favata, M Fays, M Fehrmann, H Fejer, MM Ferrante, I Ferreira, EC Ferrini, F Fidecaro, F Fiori, I Fiorucci, D Fisher, RP Flaminio, R Fletcher, M Fournier, JD Franco, S Frasca, S Frasconi, F Frei, Z Freise, A Frey, R Frey, V Fricke, TT Fritschel, P Frolov, VV Fulda, P Fyffe, M Gabbard, HAG Gair, JR Gammaitoni, L Gaonkar, SG Garufi, F Gatto, A Gaur, G Gehrels, N Gemme, G Gendre, B Genin, E Gennai, A George, J Gergely, L Germain, V Ghosh, A Ghosh, S Giaime, JA Giardina, KD Giazotto, A Gill, K Glaefke, A Goetz, E Goetz, R Gondan, L Gonzalez, G Castro, JMG Gopakumar, A Gordon, NA Gorodetsky, ML Gossan, SE Gosselin, M Gouaty, R Graef, C Graff, PB Granata, M Grant, A Gras, S Gray, C Greco, G Green, AC Groot, P Grote, H Grunewald, S Guidi, GM Guo, X Gupta, A Gupta, MK Gushwa, KE Gustafson, EK Gustafson, R Hacker, JJ 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CA LIGO Sci Collaboration Virgo Colla ASKAP Collaboration BOOTES Collaboration Dark Energy Survey Collaboration Dark Energy Camera GW-EM Collabor Fermi GBM Collaboration FERMI LAT Collaboration GRAvitational Wave Inaf TeAm GRAWI INTEGRAL Collaboration IPTF Collaboration InterPlanetary Network J-GEM Collaboration LA Silla-QUEST Survey Liverpool Telescope Collaboration Low Frequency Array LOFAR Collabo MASTER Collaboration MAXI Collaboration MWA Collaboration Pan-STARRS Collaboration PESSTO Collaboration Pi Sky Collaboration SkyMapper Collaboration Swift Collaboration Tarot Zadko Algerian Natl Observ C TOROS Collaboration VISTA Collaboration TI SUPPLEMENT: "LOCALIZATION AND BROADBAND FOLLOW-UP OF THE GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE TRANSIENT GW150914" (2016, ApJL, 826, L13) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE gravitational waves; methods: observational ID ADVANCED LIGO; ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTS; DARK ENERGY; TELESCOPE; MISSION; VIRGO; EVENTS; SEARCH; CAMERA AB This Supplement provides supporting material for Abbott et al. (2016a). We briefly summarize past electromagnetic (EM) follow-up efforts as well as the organization and policy of the current EM follow-up program. We compare the four probability sky maps produced for the gravitational-wave transient GW150914, and provide additional details of the EM follow-up observations that were performed in the different bands. C1 [Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abernathy, M. R.; Adhikari, R. X.; Anderson, S. B.; Arai, K.; Araya, M. C.; Barayoga, J. C.; Barish, B. C.; Berger, B. K.; Billingsley, G.; Blackburn, J. K.; Bork, R.; Brooks, A. F.; Cahillane, C.; Callister, T.; Cepeda, C. B.; Chakraborty, R.; Chalermsongsak, T.; Couvares, P.; Coyne, D. C.; Dergachev, V.; Drever, R. W. P.; Ehrens, P.; Etzel, T.; Gossan, S. E.; Gushwa, K. E.; Gustafson, E. K.; Hall, E. D.; Heptonstall, A. W.; Hodge, K. A.; Isi, M.; Kanner, J. B.; Kells, W.; Kondrashov, V.; Korth, W. Z.; Kozak, D. B.; Lazzarini, A.; Li, T. G. F.; Mageswaran, M.; Maros, E.; Martynov, D. V.; Marx, J. 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[Baldaccini, F.; Gammaitoni, L.; Marchesoni, F.; Punturo, M.; Travasso, F.; Vocca, H.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Ballardin, G.; Bavigadda, V.; Bitossi, M.; Bozzi, A.; Carbognani, F.; Cavalieri, R.; Chiummo, A.; Cortese, S.; Cuoco, E.; Dattilo, V.; Day, R.; Ferrini, F.; Fiori, I.; Genin, E.; Gosselin, M.; Hemming, G.; Kasprzack, M.; Mantovani, M.; Mohan, M.; Nocera, F.; Paoletti, F.; Paoli, A.; Pasqualetti, A.; Pillant, G.; Popolizio, P.; Prijatelj, M.; Ruggi, P.; Salconi, L.; Sentenac, D.; Swinkels, B. L.] EGO, I-56021 Pisa, Italy. [Ballmer, S. W.; Bhagwat, S.; Biwer, C.; Brown, D. A.; Fair, H.; Fisher, R. P.; Kelley, D. B.; Lackey, B. D.; Lenon, A.; Lord, J. E.; Magana-Sandoval, F.; Massinger, T. J.; Nuttall, L. K.; Pekowsky, L.; Reyes, S. D.; Sanders, J. R.; Saulson, P. R.; Usman, S. A.; Vander-Hyde, D. C.; Vo, T.] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Barclay, S. E.; Barr, B.; Bell, A. S.; Bell, C. 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M.; McCarthy, R.; Mendell, G.; Merilh, E.; Moraru, D.; Moreno, G.; Oberling, J.; Raab, F. J.; Radkins, H.; Reed, C. M.; Ryan, K.; Sadecki, T.; Sandberg, V.; Savage, R. L.; Sevigny, A.; Sigg, D.; Thomas, P.; Vorvick, C.; Warner, J.; Weaver, B.; Worden, J.] LIGO Hanford Observ, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Barta, D.; Debreczeni, G.; Vasuth, M.] Wigner RCP, RMKI, Konkoly Thege Miklos Ut 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary. [Barthelmy, S.; Camp, J. B.; Gehrels, N.; Singer, L. P.; Cline, T.; Cenko, S. B.; Marshall, F. E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bartos, I.; Countryman, S. T.; Factourovich, M.; Marka, S.; Marka, Z.; Matone, L.; Murphy, D. J.; Staley, A.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Bassiri, R.; Byer, R. L.; DeBra, D.; Fejer, M. M.; Kim, N.; Lantz, B.; MacDonald, T.; Markosyan, A. S.; Paris, H. R.; Patrick, Z.; Shapiro, B.; Wechsler, R. H.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Bazzan, M.; Vardaro, M.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bazzan, M.; Conti, L.; Lazzaro, C.; Vardaro, M.; Vedovato, G.; Zangrando, L.; Zendri, J. -P.] INFN, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bejger, M.; Rosinska, D.] CAMK PAN, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. [Berry, C. P. L.; Bond, C.; Brown, D. D.; Del Pozzo, W.; Farr, W. M.; Freise, A.; Green, A. C.; Haster, C. -J.; Mandel, I.; Miao, H.; Middleton, H.; Mow-Lowry, C. M.; Thomas, E. G.; Tyr, D.; Vecchio, A.; Veitch, J.; Vinciguerra, S.; Vousden, W. D.; Wang, H.; Wang, M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Bersanetti, D.; Neri, M.] Univ Genoa, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Bersanetti, D.; Chincarini, A.; Farinon, S.; Gemme, G.; Neri, M.; Rei, L.; Sorrentino, F.] INFN, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Bhandare, R.; Dave, I.; George, J.; Pai, S. A.; Pant, B. C.; Raja, S.] RRCAT, Indore 452013, MP, India. [Bilenko, I. A.; Braginsky, V. B.; Gorodetsky, M. L.; Khalili, F. Y.; Mitrofanov, V. P.; Prokhorov, L.; Strigin, S.; Vyatchanin, S. P.] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Fac Phys, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Birney, R.; Reid, S.; Vine, D. J.] Univ West Scotland, SUPA, Paisley PA1 2BE, Renfrew, Scotland. [Blair, C. D.; Blair, D. G.; Chu, Q.; Chung, S.; Coward, D. M.; Fang, Q.; Howell, E. J.; Ju, L.; Kaur, T.; Ma, Y.; Qin, J.; Wang, Y.; Wen, L.; Zhao, C.; Zhu, X. J.] Univ Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Bloemen, S.; Ghosh, S.; Groot, P.; Nelemans, G.; Nissanke, S.; Setyawati, Y.; Shah, S.; Jonker, P. G.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Dept Astrophys, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Boer, M.; Bogaert, G.; Brillet, A.; Cleva, F.; Coulon, J. -P.; Dereli, H.; Fournier, J. -D.; Gendre, B.; Heitmann, H.; Kefelian, F.; Man, N.; Martellini, L.; Merzougui, M.; Pichot, M.; Regimbau, T.; Siellez, K.; Turconi, M.; Vinet, J. -Y.; Wei, L. -W.; Laugier, R.] Univ Cote dAzur, CNRS, Observ Cote dAzur, Artemis, CS 34229, Nice 4, France. [Bojtos, P.; Frei, Z.; Gondan, L.; Raffai, P.] MTA Eotvos Univ, Lendulet Astrophys Res Grp, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. [Bondu, F.] Univ Rennes 1, CNRS, Inst Phys Rennes, F-35042 Rennes, France. [Bose, S.; Hall, B. R.; Magee, R. M.; Mazumder, N.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Branchesi, M.; Baiardi, L. C.; Greco, G.; Guidi, G. M.; Harms, J.; Martelli, F.; Montani, M.; Piergiovanni, F.; Stratta, G.; Vetrano, F.; Vicere, A.] Univ Urbino Carlo Bo, I-61029 Urbino, Italy. [Branchesi, M.; Baiardi, L. C.; Greco, G.; Guidi, G. M.; Harms, J.; Losurdo, G.; Martelli, F.; Montani, M.; Piergiovanni, F.; Stratta, G.; Vetrano, F.; Vicere, A.] INFN, Sez Firenze, I-50019 Florence, Italy. [Brau, J. E.; Frey, R.; Karki, S.; Palamos, J. R.; Quitzow-James, R.; Roma, V. J.; Schale, P.; Schofield, R. M. S.; Talukder, D.] Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Briant, T.; Chua, S.; Cohadon, P. -F.; Deleglise, S.; Heidmann, A.; Isac, J. -M.; Jacqmin, T.] UPMC, Sorbonne Univ, PSL Res Univ, CNRS,ENS,Coll France,Lab Kastler Brossel, F-75005 Paris, France. [Bulik, T.; Kowalska, I.] Warsaw Univ, Astron Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Bulten, H. J.; van den Brand, J. F. J.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Buonanno, A.; Cho, M.; Graff, P. B.; Shawhan, P.; Yancey, C. C.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Cadonati, L.; Bustillo, J. C.; Clark, J. A.; Cowan, E. E.; Jani, K.; Lazzaro, C.; Shoemaker, D. M.; Siellez, K.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Cadonati, L.; Bustillo, J. C.; Clark, J. A.; Cowan, E. E.; Jani, K.; Lazzaro, C.; Shoemaker, D. M.; Siellez, K.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Cagnoli, G.] Univ Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5306, Inst Lumiere Mat, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. 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M.] ISDEFE SMOS FOS ESA ESAC, E-28692 Villanueva De La Canada, Madrid, Spain. [Hudec, R.; Pata, P.; Vitek, S.] Czech Tech Univ, Fac Elect Engn, Dept Radioelect, Tech 2, Prague 16627, Czech Republic. [Caballero-Garcia, M. D.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Astron, Bocni 2 1401, CZ-14100 Prague 4, Czech Republic. [Adame, J. A.; Konig, S.; Rendon, F.] Estn Sondeos Atmosfer ESAt) El Arenosillo CEDEA I, E-21130 Mazagon, Huelva, Spain. [Mateo Sanguino, T. de J.] Univ Huelva, ETSI La Rabida, Dept Ingn Elect Sistemas Informat & Automat, E-21819 Palos De La Frontera, Huelva, Spain. [Fernandez-Munoz, R.] IHSM UMA CSIC, Inst Hortofruticultura Subtrop & Mediterranea La, E-29750 Algarrobo Costa, Malaga, Spain. [Yock, P. C.; Rattenbury, N.] Univ Auckland, Dept Phys, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Allen, W. H.] Vintage Lane Observ, RD3, Blenheim 7273, New Zealand. [Querel, R.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res NIWA, Lauder, New Zealand. [Jeong, S.; Park, I. 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A.; D'Elia, V.; Giuffrida, G.; Marinoni, S.; Giommi, P.; Perri, M.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Capaccioli, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, CU Monte St Angelo, Dip Fis Ettore Pancini, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [Possenti, A.] INAF ORA Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, Via Sci 5, I-09047 Selargius, CA, Italy. [Stamerra, A.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Torino, Str Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, To, Italy. [Bazzano, A.; Ubertini, P.] INAF Inst Space Astrophys & Planetol, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Bazzano, A.; Bozzo, E.; Courvoisier, T. J. -L.; Ferrigno, C.] Univ Geneva, Dept Astron, ISDC, Chemin Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Brandt, S.] Natl Space Inst Elektrovej, DTU Space, Bldg 327, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Hanlon, L.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Space Sci Grp, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Kuulkers, E.] ESAC, ESA, Sci Operat Dept, E-28691 Madrid, Spain. [Laurent, P.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS IN2P3, Sorbonne Paris Cite, APC,CEA Irfu,Observ Paris, 10 Rue Alice Domont & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Mereghetti, S.] INAF, IASF Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Roques, J. P.] Univ Toulouse, 9 Ave Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse, France. [Roques, J. P.] UPS OMP, 9 Ave Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse, France. [Roques, J. P.] CNRS, 9 Ave Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse, France. [Roques, J. P.] IRAP, 9 Ave Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse, France. [Savchenko, V.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS IN2P3, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Francois Arago Ctr,APC,CEA Irfu,Observ Paris, 10 Rue Alice Domon & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Kasliwal, M. M.; Cao, Y.; Duggan, G.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Miller, A. A.; Barlow, T.; Bellm, E.; Cook, D.; Prince, T.; Kupfer, T.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Manulis, I.; Horesh, A.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys & Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. 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Marchesoni, Fabio/0000-0001-9240-6793; Cesarini, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9127-3167; Roberts, Oliver/0000-0002-7150-9061; Mihara, Tatehiro/0000-0002-6337-7943; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Chow, Jong/0000-0002-2414-5402; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Caballero-Garcia, Maria/0000-0001-7920-4564 FU United States National Science Foundation (NSF); Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) of the United Kingdom; Max-Planck Society; State of Niedersachsen/Germany; Australian Research Council; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research; EGO consortium; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India; Department of Science and Technology, India; Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), India; Ministry of Human Resource Development, India; Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad; Conselleria d'Economia i Competitivitat and Conselleria d'Educacio Cultura i Universitats of the Govern de les Illes Balears; National Science Centre of Poland; European Commission; Royal Society; Scottish Funding Council; Scottish Universities Physics Alliance; Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA); Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO); National Research Foundation of Korea; Industry Canada; Province of Ontario through Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation; National Science and Engineering Research Council Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Leverhulme Trust; Research Corporation; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan; Kavli Foundation; Australian Government; National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy; Government of Western Australia; United States Department of Energy; United States National Science Foundation; Ministry of Science and Education of Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom; Higher Education Funding Council for England; National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago; Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University; Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas AM University; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico; Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey; National Science Foundation [AST-1138766, AST-1238877]; MINECO [AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986]; Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa [SEV-2012-0234]; European Research Council under European Union's Seventh Framework Programme; ERC [240672, 291329, 306478]; NASA (United States); DOE (United States); IN2P3/CNRS (France); CEA/Irfu (France); ASI (Italy); INFN (Italy); MEXT (Japan); KEK (Japan); JAXA (Japan); Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; National Space Board (Sweden); NASA in the United States; DRL in Germany; INAF for the project "Gravitational Wave Astronomy with the first detections of adLIGO and adVIRGO experiments"; ESA (Denmark); ESA (France); ESA (Germany); ESA (Italy); ESA (Switzerland); ESA (Spain); German INTEGRAL through DLR grant [50 OG 1101]; US under NASA Grant [NNX15AU74G]; National Science Foundation PIRE program grant [1545949]; Hubble Fellowship [HST-HF-51325.01]; KAKENHI of MEXT Japan [24103003, 15H00774, 15H00788]; JSPS [15H02069, 15H02075]; "Optical and Near-Infrared Astronomy Inter-University Cooperation Program" - MEXT; UK Science and Technology Facilities Council; ERC Advanced Investigator Grant [267697]; Lomonosov Moscow State University Development programm; Moscow Union OPTICA; Russian Science Foundation [16-12-00085, RFBR15-02-07875]; National Research Foundation of South Africa; Australian Government Department of Industry and Science and Department of Education (National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy: NCRIS); NVIDIA at Harvard University; University of Hawaii; National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Planetary Defense Office [NNX14AM74G]; Queen's University Belfast; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate [NNX08AR22G]; European Research Council under European Union's Seventh Framework Programme/ERC [291222]; STFC grants [ST/I001123/1, ST/L000709/1]; European Union FP7 programme through ERC [320360]; STFC through an Ernest Rutherford Fellowship; FONDECYT [3140326]; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO) [CE110001020]; NASA in the US; UK Space Agency in the UK; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) in Italy; Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia (MinCyT); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnologicas (CONICET) from Argentina; USA NSF PHYS [1156600]; NSF [1242090] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the United States National Science Foundation (NSF) for the construction and operation of the LIGO Laboratory and Advanced LIGO as well as the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) of the United Kingdom, the Max-Planck Society (MPS), and the State of Niedersachsen/Germany for support of the construction of Advanced LIGO and construction and operation of the GEO 600 detector. Additional support for Advanced LIGO was provided by the Australian Research Council. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter supported by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, for the construction and operation of the Virgo detector, and the creation and support of the EGO consortium. The authors also gratefully acknowledge research support from these agencies as well as by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India, Department of Science and Technology, India, Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), India, Ministry of Human Resource Development, India, the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, the Conselleria d'Economia i Competitivitat and Conselleria d'Educacio Cultura i Universitats of the Govern de les Illes Balears, the National Science Centre of Poland, the European Commission, the Royal Society, the Scottish Funding Council, the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA), the Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO), the National Research Foundation of Korea, Industry Canada and the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation, the National Science and Engineering Research Council Canada, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Leverhulme Trust, the Research Corporation, Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan, and the Kavli Foundation. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF, STFC, MPS, INFN, CNRS, and the State of Niedersachsen/Germany for provision of computational resources.; The Australian SKA Pathfinder is part of the Australia Telescope National Facility which is managed by CSIRO. The operation of ASKAP is funded by the Australian Government with support from the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy. Establishment of the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory was funded by the Australian Government and the Government of Western Australia. ASKAP uses advanced supercomputing resources at the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site.; A.J.C.T. acknowledges support from the Junta de Andalucia (Project P07-TIC-03094) and Univ. of Auckland and NIWA for installing of the Spanish BOOTES-3 station in New Zealand, and support from the Spanish Ministry Projects AYA2012-39727-C03-01 and 2015-71718R.; Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the United States Department of Energy, the United States National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey.; The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number AST-1138766. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986, and Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2012-0234. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478.; The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support for LAT development, operation, and data analysis from NASA and DOE (United States), CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS (France), ASI and INFN (Italy), MEXT, KEK, and JAXA (Japan), and the K.A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board (Sweden). Science analysis support in the operations phase from INAF (Italy) and CNES (France) is also gratefully acknowledged. The Fermi GBM Collaboration acknowledges the support of NASA in the United States and DRL in Germany.; GRAWITA acknowledges the support of INAF for the project "Gravitational Wave Astronomy with the first detections of adLIGO and adVIRGO experiments."; This work exploited data by INTEGRAL, an ESA project with instruments and science data center funded by ESA member states (especially the PI countries: Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Spain), and with the participation of Russia and the USA. The SPI ACS detector system has been provided by MPE Garching/Germany. We acknowledge the German INTEGRAL support through DLR grant 50 OG 1101.; IPN work is supported in the US under NASA Grant ;NNX15AU74G.; This work is partly based on observations obtained with the Samuel Oschin 48 in Telescope and the 60 in Telescope at the Palomar Observatory as part of the Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) project, a scientific collaboration among the California Institute of Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, the Oskar Klein Center, the Weizmann Institute of Science, the TANGO Program of the University System of Taiwan, and the Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the universe. M.M.K. and Y.C. acknowledge funding from the National Science Foundation PIRE program grant 1545949. A.A.M. acknowledges support from the Hubble Fellowship HST-HF-51325.01. Part of the research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA.; J-GEM is financially supported by KAKENHI Grant No. 24103003, 15H00774, and 15H00788 of MEXT Japan, 15H02069 and 15H02075 of JSPS, and the "Optical and Near-Infrared Astronomy Inter-University Cooperation Program" supported by MEXT.; The Liverpool Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council.; LOFAR, the Low Frequency Array designed and constructed by ASTRON, has facilities in several countries, which are owned by various parties (each with their own funding sources), and that are collectively operated by the International LOFAR Telescope (ILT) foundation under a joint scientific policy. R. Fender acknowledges support from ERC Advanced Investigator Grant 267697.; MASTER Global Robotic Net is supported in parts by Lomonosov Moscow State University Development programm, Moscow Union OPTICA, Russian Science Foundation 16-12-00085, RFBR15-02-07875, National Research Foundation of South Africa.; We thank JAXA and RIKEN for providing MAXI data. The MAXI team is partially supported by KAKENHI grant Nos. 24103002, 24540239, 24740186, and 23000004 of MEXT, Japan.; This work uses the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory, operated by CSIRO. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the observatory site. Support for the operation of the MWA is provided by the Australian Government Department of Industry and Science and Department of Education (National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy: NCRIS), under a contract to Curtin University administered by Astronomy Australia Limited. The MWA acknowledges the iVEC Petabyte Data Store and the Initiative in Innovative Computing and the CUDA Center for Excellence sponsored by NVIDIA at Harvard University.; Pan-STARRS is supported by the University of Hawaii and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Planetary Defense Office under grant No. NNX14AM74G. The PanSTARRS-LIGO effort is in collaboration with the LIGO Consortium and supported by Queen's University Belfast. The Pan-STARRS1 Sky Surveys have been made possible through contributions by the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, the Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE), and the Los Alamos National Laboratory. This work is based (in part) on observations collected at the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere, Chile as part of PESSTO, (the Public ESO Spectroscopic Survey for Transient Objects Survey) ESO programs 188.D-3003, 191.D-0935.; S.J.S. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant agreement No. [291222] and STFC grants ST/I001123/1 and ST/L000709/1. M.F. is supported by the European Union FP7 programme through ERC grant No. 320360. K.M. acknowledges support from the STFC through an Ernest Rutherford Fellowship.; F.O.E. acknowledges support from FONDECYT through postdoctoral grant 3140326.; Parts of this research were conducted by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project No. CE110001020.; Funding for Swift is provided by NASA in the US, by the UK Space Agency in the UK, and by the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) in Italy. This work made use of data supplied by the UK Swift Science Data Centre at the University of Leicester. We acknowledge the use of public data from the Swift data archive.; The TOROS Collaboration acknowledges support from Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia (MinCyT) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnologicas (CONICET) from Argentina and grants from the USA NSF PHYS 1156600 and NSF HRD 1242090. NR 51 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 68 U2 68 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 225 IS 1 AR 8 DI 10.3847/0067-0049/225/1/8 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU6FG UT WOS:000382309000008 ER PT J AU Fleishman, E Costa, DP Harwood, J Kraus, S Moretti, D New, LF Schick, RS Schwarz, LK Simmons, SE Thomas, L Wells, RS AF Fleishman, Erica Costa, Daniel P. Harwood, John Kraus, Scott Moretti, David New, Leslie F. Schick, Robert S. Schwarz, Lisa K. Simmons, Samantha E. Thomas, Len Wells, Randall S. TI Monitoring population-level responses of marine mammals to human activities SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE acoustics; environmental impact statements; Marine Mammal Protection Act; results chains; take; vital rates ID SOUTHERN ELEPHANT SEALS; ATLANTIC RIGHT WHALES; DOLPHINS TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; ANTHROPOGENIC SOUNDS; MIROUNGA-LEONINA; CALLING BEHAVIOR; BODY CONDITION; SPERM-WHALES; WEANING MASS AB We provide guidance for monitoring whether human activities affect the physiology or behavior of marine mammals and, if so, whether those effects may lead to changes in survival and reproduction at the population level. We suggest that four elements be included in designing and implementing such a monitoring program. The first is development of a theory of change: a set of mechanistic hypotheses that outline why a given activity might be expected to have one or more measurable effects on individuals and populations, and ideally the magnitude, timing, and duration of the effects. The second element, definition of biologically meaningful effect sizes, ultimately facilitates the development of a monitoring program that can detect those magnitudes of effect with the desired levels of precision. The third element, selection of response variables for monitoring, allows inference to whether observed changes in the status of individuals or populations are attributable to a given activity. Visual observations, passive acoustic and tagging instruments, and direct physical measurements all can provide data that facilitate quantitative hypothesis testing. The fourth element is specification of the temporal sequence of monitoring. These elements also can be used to inform monitoring of the responses of other taxonomic groups to human activities. C1 [Fleishman, Erica] Univ Calif Davis, John Muir Inst Environm, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Costa, Daniel P.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Harwood, John; Schick, Robert S.; Thomas, Len] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modelling, St Andrews KY16 8LB, Fife, Scotland. [Kraus, Scott] New England Aquarium, 1 Cent Wharf, Boston, MA 02110 USA. [Moretti, David] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [New, Leslie F.] Washington State Univ, Dept Math, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. [Schwarz, Lisa K.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Simmons, Samantha E.] Marine Mammal Commiss, 4340 East West Highway,Suite 700, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Wells, Randall S.] Mote Marine Lab, Chicago Zool Soc, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. RP Fleishman, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, John Muir Inst Environm, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM efleishman@ucdavis.edu OI Thomas, Len/0000-0002-7436-067X FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-12-1-0274-0]; California Air Resources Board FX This work was supported by an award from the Office of Naval Research (N00014-12-1-0274-0) to the University of California, Davis. Our work also benefitted from discussions of a working group on establishment of a monitoring system to identify and evaluate potential adverse impacts caused by the Compliance Offset Protocol for U.S. Forest Projects, which was supported by a contract from the California Air Resources Board to M.W. Schwartz and E. Fleishman. NR 92 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0824-0469 EI 1748-7692 J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI JI Mar. Mamm. Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 32 IS 3 BP 1004 EP 1021 DI 10.1111/mms.12310 PG 18 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA DY3PT UT WOS:000385006800011 ER PT J AU Rogers, DF Fasciano, M AF Rogers, David F. Fasciano, Michael TI General Aviation Twin-Engine Aircraft Gear and Flap Parasite Drag Flight Tests SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article C1 [Rogers, David F.] US Naval Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Fasciano, Michael] Fasciano Associates, Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA. RP Rogers, DF (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM dfr@nar-associates.com; mike.fasciano@gmail.com NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 EI 1533-3868 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 53 IS 4 BP 1174 EP 1176 DI 10.2514/1.C033430 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA DX3TN UT WOS:000384297100027 ER PT J AU Gomes, HD deRada, S Goes, JI Chai, F AF Gomes, Helga do Rosario deRada, Sergio Goes, Joaquim I. Chai, Fei TI Examining features of enhanced phytoplankton biomass in the Bay of Bengal using a coupled physical-biological model SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE Bay of Bengal; Sri Lanka Dome; coupled bio-physical model; phytoplankton biomass; monsoon; ocean color ID TROPICAL INDIAN-OCEAN; DIMENSIONAL ECOSYSTEM MODEL; PACIFIC UPWELLING SYSTEM; ARABIAN SEA; CHLOROPHYLL-A; SEASONAL VARIABILITY; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; SOUTHWEST MONSOON; SUMMER MONSOON; NORTHEAST MONSOON AB A coupled bio-physical ocean model is used to describe areas of enhanced phytoplankton biomass, seen in remotely sensed observations, in the otherwise oligotrophic environment of the Bay of Bengal. The model is based on the Naval Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM), which is one-way coupled to the 13-component Carbon, Silicate, and Nitrogen Ecosystem (CoSiNE) model and configured for the Indian Ocean. Model results are compared and evaluated against a set of in situ shipboard observations as well as ocean color data acquired from several remote sensing platforms. The model is shown to successfully simulate the seasonal cycle of phytoplankton, the markedly contrasting scenarios of phytoplankton distribution in the north versus the south Bay of Bengal, and the biological impact from the 1997/1998 Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) event. The model simulation provides us with vertical cross sections of phytoplankton biomass from summer and winter blooms in the southwest of the bay, information not found in remotely sensed data. It also successfully reproduces the timing of the onset of the blooms and their spatial extent, thereby providing a measure of its potential for augmenting in situ and remotely sensed observations to improve understanding of the dynamics of primary producers and carbon cycling in one of the most poorly sampled regions of the world's oceans. C1 [Gomes, Helga do Rosario; Goes, Joaquim I.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. [deRada, Sergio] Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Chai, Fei] Univ Maine, Orono, ME USA. RP Gomes, HD (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. EM helga@ldeo.columbia.edu FU National Aeronautical and Space Agency (NASA) [NNX07AK82G]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [OCE0824632, 0825009]; NASA [NNH14AX11I] FX This work was supported by National Aeronautical and Space Agency (NASA) grant NNX07AK82G to J.I.G., H.R.G., S.d.R., and F.C. and National Science Foundation (NSF) grants OCE0824632 and 0825009 to J.I.G. and H.R.G. S.d.R. was also supported by NASA grant NNH14AX11I. Model simulations were performed at the Navy DoD Supercomputing Resource Center, Stennis Space Center, Mississippi. We are greatly indebted to John Kindle for his constant guidance and his meticulous comments and suggestions that improved the manuscript immensely. We acknowledge Gene Feldman and the Ocean Biology Processing Group at NASA's GSFC, USA for ocean color data as well as their constant help and attention. Model data used in the study are archived at the Naval Research Laboratory but due to volume of data, are only available on request directed to Sergio deRada (e-mail: sergio.derada@nrlssc.navy.mil). Ocean color data used in the study are available at http://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov. World Ocean Atlas surface salinity was downloaded from NOAA at https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/indprod.html and OSCAR currents from NOAA at http://www.oscar.noaa.gov. NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUL PY 2016 VL 121 IS 7 BP 5112 EP 5133 DI 10.1002/2015JC011508 PG 22 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DW2JK UT WOS:000383468500041 ER PT J AU Owens, MJ Cliver, E McCracken, KG Beer, J Barnard, L Lockwood, M Rouillard, A Passos, D Riley, P Usoskin, I Wang, YM AF Owens, M. J. Cliver, E. McCracken, K. G. Beer, J. Barnard, L. Lockwood, M. Rouillard, A. Passos, D. Riley, P. Usoskin, I. Wang, Y-M. TI Near-Earth heliospheric magnetic field intensity since 1750: 1. Sunspot and geomagnetic reconstructions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE heliospheric magnetic field; solar wind; space climate; heliospheric reconstruction; sunspots; geomagnetic activity ID OPEN SOLAR FLUX; PAST 167 YR; INTERPLANETARY CONDITIONS; MAUNDER MINIMUM; CENTENNIAL VARIATIONS; CYCLE; WIND; IRRADIANCE; NUMBER; INCREASE AB We present two separate time series of the near-Earth heliospheric magnetic field strength (B) based on geomagnetic data and sunspot number (SSN). The geomagnetic-based B series from 1845 to 2013 is a weighted composite of two series that employ the interdiurnal variability index; this series is highly correlated with in situ spacecraft measurements of B (correlation coefficient, r=0.94; mean square error, MSE=0.16nT(2)). The SSN-based estimate of B, from 1750 to 2013, is a weighted composite of eight time series derived from two separate reconstruction methods applied to four different SSN time series, allowing determination of the uncertainty from both the underlying sunspot records and the B reconstruction methods. The SSN-based composite is highly correlated with direct spacecraft measurements of B and with the composite geomagnetic B time series from 1845 to 2013 (r=0.91; MSE=0.24nT(2)), demonstrating that B can accurately reconstructed by both geomagnetic and sunspot-based methods. The composite sunspot and geomagnetic B time series, with uncertainties, are provided as supporting information. C1 [Owens, M. J.; Barnard, L.; Lockwood, M.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Space & Atmospher Elect Grp, Reading, Berks, England. [Cliver, E.] Natl Solar Observ, Boulder, CO USA. [Cliver, E.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland, NM USA. [McCracken, K. G.] 100 Mt Jellore Lane, Woodlands, NS, Canada. [Beer, J.] Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Rouillard, A.] PEPS, IRAP CNRS UPS, Toulouse, France. [Passos, D.] Univ Lisbon, Inst Super Tecn, CENTRA, Lisbon, Portugal. [Passos, D.] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, GRPS, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Passos, D.] Univ Algarve, Dept Fis, Faro, Portugal. [Riley, P.] Predict Sci, San Diego, CA USA. [Usoskin, I.] Univ Oulu, ReSoLVE Ctr Excellence, Oulu, Finland. [Usoskin, I.] Univ Oulu, Sodankyla Geophys Observ, Oulu, Finland. [Wang, Y-M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Owens, MJ (reprint author), Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Space & Atmospher Elect Grp, Reading, Berks, England. EM m.j.owens@reading.ac.uk RI Lockwood, Mike/G-1030-2011 OI Lockwood, Mike/0000-0002-7397-2172 FU Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/M000885/1]; Leverhulme Trust; International Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland; Academy of Finland [272157] FX This work was partly facilitated by an International Space Science Institute (ISSI) international team selected in 2011 as number 233, "Long-term reconstructions of solar and solar wind parameters" organized by L. Svalgaard, M. Lockwood, and J. Beer. We thank ISSI for support of the team. We are grateful to the Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) and National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) for OMNI data. M.O., M. L., and L.B. are part funded by Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) grant ST/M000885/1. M.O. acknowledges support from the Leverhulme Trust through a Philip Leverhulme Prize. KGMcC acknowledges the consistent support he has received since 2005 from the International Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland. I.U.'s contribution was made within the framework of the ReSoLVE Centre of Excellence (Academy of Finland, Project 272157). Y.M.W. acknowledges support from the Chief of Naval Research. We thank both referees for useful comments. NR 84 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 121 IS 7 BP 6048 EP 6063 DI 10.1002/2016JA022529 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW1SE UT WOS:000383422100004 ER PT J AU Owens, MJ Cliver, E McCracken, KG Beer, J Barnard, L Lockwood, M Rouillard, A Passos, D Riley, P Usoskin, I Wang, YM AF Owens, M. J. Cliver, E. McCracken, K. G. Beer, J. Barnard, L. Lockwood, M. Rouillard, A. Passos, D. Riley, P. Usoskin, I. Wang, Y. -M. TI Near-Earth heliospheric magnetic field intensity since 1750: 2. Cosmogenic radionuclide reconstructions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galactic cosmic rays; long-term solar variability; heliospheric magnetic field; cosmogenic radionuclides ID COSMIC-RAY MODULATION; OPEN SOLAR FLUX; TREE-RINGS; ATMOSPHERE; C-14; EVENTS; MODEL; AD; IRRADIANCE; RADIATION AB This is Part 2 of a study of the near-Earth heliospheric magnetic field strength, B, since 1750. Part 1 produced composite estimates of B from geomagnetic and sunspot data over the period 1750-2013. Sunspot-based reconstructions can be extended back to 1610, but the paleocosmic ray (PCR) record is the only data set capable of providing a record of solar activity on millennial timescales. The process for converting Be-10 concentrations measured in ice cores to B is more complex than with geomagnetic and sunspot data, and the uncertainties in B derived from cosmogenic nuclides (similar to 20% for any individual year) are much larger. Within this level of uncertainty, we find reasonable overall agreement between PCR-based B and the geomagnetic- and sunspot number-based series. This agreement was enhanced by excising low values in PCR-based B attributed to high-energy solar proton events. Other discordant intervals, with as yet unspecified causes remain included in our analysis. Comparison of 3year averages centered on sunspot minimum yields reasonable agreement between the three estimates, providing a means to investigate the long-term changes in the heliospheric magnetic field into the past even without a means to remove solar proton events from the records. C1 [Owens, M. J.; Barnard, L.; Lockwood, M.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Space & Atmospher Elect Grp, Reading, Berks, England. [Cliver, E.] Natl Solar Observ, Boulder, CO USA. [Cliver, E.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. [Beer, J.] Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Rouillard, A.] PEPS, IRAP CNRS UPS, Toulouse, France. [Passos, D.] Univ Lisbon, Inst Super Tecn, CENTRA, Lisbon, Portugal. [Passos, D.] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, GRPS, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Passos, D.] Univ Algarve, Dept Fis, Faro, Portugal. [Riley, P.] Predict Sci, San Diego, CA USA. [Usoskin, I.] Univ Oulu, ReSoLVE Ctr Excellence, Oulu, Finland. [Usoskin, I.] Univ Oulu, Sodankyla Geophys Observ, Oulu, Finland. [Wang, Y. -M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Owens, MJ (reprint author), Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Space & Atmospher Elect Grp, Reading, Berks, England. EM m.j.owens@reading.ac.uk RI Lockwood, Mike/G-1030-2011 OI Lockwood, Mike/0000-0002-7397-2172 FU Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/M000885/1]; Leverhulme Trust; International Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland; Swiss National Science Foundation [CRSI122-130642]; Academy of Finland [272157] FX Data are available as supporting information to Part 1 of this study [Owens et al., 2016] and previously published articles cited in the manuscript. This work was partly facilitated by an International Space Science Institute (ISSI) international team selected in 2011 as number 233, "Long-term reconstructions of solar and solar wind parameters" organized by L. Svalgaard, M. Lockwood, and J. Beer. We are grateful to the Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) and National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) for the OMNI data. We thank ISSI for supporting the team. M. O., M.L., and L.B. are part funded by Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) grant ST/M000885/1. M. O. acknowledges support from the Leverhulme Trust through a Philip Leverhulme Prize. K.G.McC. acknowledges the consistent support he has received since 2005 from the International Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland. J.B. acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation under the grant CRSI122-130642 (FUPSOL) and profited from the PAGES workshops in Davos (2012 and 2014). I.U.'s contribution was made within the framework of the ReSoLVE Centre of Excellence (Academy of Finland, Project 272157). Y.M.W. acknowledges support from the Chief of Naval Research. We thank both referees for useful comments. NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 121 IS 7 BP 6064 EP 6074 DI 10.1002/2016JA022550 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW1SE UT WOS:000383422100005 ER PT J AU Krall, J Emmert, JT Sassi, F McDonald, SE Huba, JD AF Krall, J. Emmert, J. T. Sassi, F. McDonald, S. E. Huba, J. D. TI Day-to-day variability in the thermosphere and its impact on plasmasphere refilling SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE plasmasphere; refilling; dynamics; thermosphere; exosphere ID WAVE-PARTICLE INTERACTIONS; COLLISION CROSS-SECTION; ION-CYCLOTRON WAVES; F-REGION; OMEGA-HE; DENSITY; MODEL; GEOS-1; WINTER AB Satellite drag data showing significant (20%) short-term variations in atmospheric mass density are presented. These data, along with the Naval Research Laboratory SAMI3 (Sami3 is Also a Model of the Ionosphere) ionosphere/plasmasphere model and the WACCM (Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model) atmosphere model are used to estimate day-to-day variability in thermosphere composition, thermosphere winds, and exosphere temperatures and the effect of this variability on plasmasphere refilling rates. This assessment is guided by SAMI3 modeling showing that modest (20%) decreases in thermospheric density and exospheric temperature can lead to large (60%) increases in plasmaspheric refilling rates and that changes in the thermospheric wind pattern can have a similar effect. Results suggest that day-to-day variability in thermospheric wind and composition could affect plasmaspheric refilling rates by 50 to 100%. C1 [Krall, J.; Huba, J. D.] Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Emmert, J. T.; Sassi, F.; McDonald, S. E.] Naval Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Krall, J (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jonathan.krall@nrl.navy.mil FU NRL Base Funds; NASA HSR Program [NNH14AX49I] FX This research was supported by NRL Base Funds and the NASA HSR Program, grant NNH14AX49I. J.K. thanks the organizers of the Inner Magnetospheric Coupling III conference for inviting his participation; this work is a follow-on to the work presented at IMC-III. We thank Joel Fedder of Icarus Research and Douglas Drob of NRL for helpful discussions. The data and models were obtained from the following sources: Refilling rates are reproduced from Krall et al. [2016]. SAMI3 TEC, electron and ion densities, and the electrostatic potential are numerical information provided in figures; these are produced by solving the SAMI3 equations [Krall et al., 2016; Huba and Krall, 2013; Huba et al., 2000]. The HWM93, HWM14, and NRLMSISE-00 models are available from J.T.E. upon request (john.emmert@nrl.navy.mil). SD-WACCM-X zonal winds and oxygen densities are numerical information provided in figures; these are produced by solving the SD-WACCM-X equations; see McDonald et al. [2015] for details. Numerical data for the figures above can be obtained by contacting J.K. Orbit data were obtained from www.space-track.org; the derived thermospheric densities are available from Emmert [2015b]. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 121 IS 7 BP 6889 EP 6900 DI 10.1002/2015JA022328 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW1SE UT WOS:000383422100062 ER PT J AU Pedatella, NM Fang, TW Jin, H Sassi, F Schmidt, H Chau, JL Siddiqui, TA Goncharenko, L AF Pedatella, N. M. Fang, T. -W. Jin, H. Sassi, F. Schmidt, H. Chau, J. L. Siddiqui, T. A. Goncharenko, L. TI Multimodel comparison of the ionosphere variability during the 2009 sudden stratosphere warming SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ionosphere; sudden stratosphere warming ID GLOBAL PLASMASPHERIC TEC; LOWER THERMOSPHERE; EASTERN SIBERIA; JANUARY 2013; TIME-GCM; EQUATORIAL; ATMOSPHERE; REGION; MODEL; TIDE AB A comparison of different model simulations of the ionosphere variability during the 2009 sudden stratosphere warming (SSW) is presented. The focus is on the equatorial and low-latitude ionosphere simulated by the Ground-to-topside model of the Atmosphere and Ionosphere for Aeronomy (GAIA), Whole Atmosphere Model plus Global Ionosphere Plasmasphere (WAM+GIP), and Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model eXtended version plus Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere-Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (WACCMX+TIMEGCM). The simulations are compared with observations of the equatorial vertical plasma drift in the American and Indian longitude sectors, zonal mean Fregion peak density (NmF2) from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) satellites, and ground-based Global Positioning System (GPS) total electron content (TEC) at 75 degrees W. The model simulations all reproduce the observed morning enhancement and afternoon decrease in the vertical plasma drift, as well as the progression of the anomalies toward later local times over the course of several days. However, notable discrepancies among the simulations are seen in terms of the magnitude of the drift perturbations, and rate of the local time shift. Comparison of the electron densities further reveals that although many of the broad features of the ionosphere variability are captured by the simulations, there are significant differences among the different model simulations, as well as between the simulations and observations. Additional simulations are performed where the neutral atmospheres from four different whole atmosphere models (GAIA, HAMMONIA (Hamburg Model of the Neutral and Ionized Atmosphere), WAM, and WACCMX) provide the lower atmospheric forcing in the TIME-GCM. These simulations demonstrate that different neutral atmospheres, in particular, differences in the solar migrating semidiurnal tide, are partly responsible for the differences in the simulated ionosphere variability in GAIA, WAM+GIP, and WACCMX+TIMEGCM. C1 [Pedatella, N. M.] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, COSMIC Program Off, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Fang, T. -W.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Jin, H.] Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Tokyo, Japan. [Sassi, F.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schmidt, H.] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Hamburg, Germany. [Chau, J. L.] Univ Rostock, Leibniz Inst Atmospher Phys, Kuhlungsborn, Germany. [Siddiqui, T. A.] GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Potsdam, Germany. [Siddiqui, T. A.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Earth & Environm Sci, Potsdam, Germany. [Goncharenko, L.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. RP Pedatella, NM (reprint author), Univ Corp Atmospher Res, COSMIC Program Off, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. EM nickp@ucar.edu OI Siddiqui, Tarique Adnan/0000-0001-9394-6708; Sassi, Fabrizio/0000-0002-9492-7434 FU International Space Science Institute; National Science Foundation [AGS-1522830]; NASA through LWS [NNX13AI62G]; NSF [AGS-1132267]; NSF CEDAR Program [1243129] FX COSMIC electron density profile observations are distributed by the COSMIC Data Analysis and Archive Center (http://cdaac-www.cosmic.ucar.edu/cdaac/). The Jicamarca ISR and ground-based GPS TEC data are available through the MIT Haystack Observatory Madrigal database (http://madrigal.haystack.mit.edu/madrigal/). Simulation output is archived and available upon request. The magnetometer data are provided by the World Data Center for Geomagnetism (http://www.wdc.bgs.ac.uk/catalog/master.html). We acknowledge the International Space Science Institute for supporting an international team which led to the present model comparison. N.P. acknowledges support from National Science Foundation grant AGS-1522830. L.P.G. was supported by NASA through LWS grant NNX13AI62G and by the NSF through grant AGS-1132267. T.-W.F. acknowledges support from the NSF CEDAR Program award 1243129. F.S. was supported by the Chief of Naval Research. NR 64 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 121 IS 7 BP 7204 EP 7225 DI 10.1002/2016JA022859 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW1SE UT WOS:000383422100083 ER PT J AU Pomfret, MB Pietron, JJ AF Pomfret, Michael B. Pietron, Jeremy J. TI Fabrication of High-aspect Ratio (HAR) Palladium Nanorod-modified Electrodes for Raman Spectroelectrochemical Studies of Thiolate Desorption from HAR Nanomaterials SO ELECTROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE electrocatalysis; high-aspect ratio nanorods; Raman spectroscopy; spectroelectrochemistry; sulfur-tolerant ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; METAL-GAS INTERFACES; PD NANOWIRE ARRAYS; IN-SITU; PT-PD; GOLD NANORODS; CATALYTIC-ACTIVITY; MICRO-RAMAN; SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACE AB We describe a method to fabricate electrodes modified with high-aspect ratio (HAR) palladium (Pd) nanorods derived from the electrochemical reduction of Pd salts in polycarbonate track-etched membranes. The HAR Pd nanorod-modified electrode platform enables direct spectroscopic observation of electrochemical processes particular to HAR forms of nano-Pd using Raman spectroelectrochemistry. In the present study, we use this platform to observe an anomalous mechanism of oxidative electrochemical desorption of the probe molecule benzenethiol (BT) from the HAR Pd surface. At HAR Pd, the Pd-S bond between the Pd nanorods and BT severs upon oxidation of the Pd surface, whereas on the surface of spherical nano-Pd, the C-S bond in BT is broken, as is more typically observed for sulfur-containing organic molecules adsorbed to Pd surfaces. Using this probe reaction, we demonstrate the suitability of this HAR nanorod-modified electrode platform for the investigation of anomalous electrochemical phenomena observed at HAR Pd for reactions that involve adsorbed intermediates in general-including not only adsorbed sulfur-but in principle also for the electrochemical oxidation of alternative fuels such as ethanol and methanol. C1 [Pomfret, Michael B.] Naval Res Lab, Chem Dynam & Diagnost Branch, Code 6110, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pietron, Jeremy J.] Naval Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Code 6170, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pomfret, Michael B.] Lab Cor Mat LLC, Seattle, WA 98107 USA. RP Pietron, JJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Code 6170, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jeremy.pietron@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through Naval Research Laboratory FX Support for this work was provided by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory. The authors acknowledge our co-workers at NRL: Kathryn J. Wahl for equipment use, and Jeffrey C. Owrutsky and Debra R. Rolison for helpful discussions. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1040-0397 EI 1521-4109 J9 ELECTROANAL JI Electroanalysis PD JUL PY 2016 VL 28 IS 7 BP 1553 EP 1561 DI 10.1002/elan.201501085 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA DV0AA UT WOS:000382578400019 ER PT J AU Bakhmetieva, NV Grach, SM Sergeev, EN Shindin, AV Milikh, GM Siefring, CL Bernhardt, PA McCarrick, M AF Bakhmetieva, N. V. Grach, S. M. Sergeev, E. N. Shindin, A. V. Milikh, G. M. Siefring, C. L. Bernhardt, P. A. McCarrick, M. TI Artificial periodic irregularities in the high-latitude ionosphere excited by the HAARP facility SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ionosphere; heating; artificial periodic irregularities ID SPORADIC-E LAYER; NEUTRAL ATMOSPHERE; E-REGION; HEATING FACILITY; RADIO-WAVES; INHOMOGENEITIES; PLASMA; DIAGNOSTICS; SCATTERING AB We present results of the new observations of artificial periodic irregularities (APIs) in the ionosphere using the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) heating facility carried out in late May and early June 2014.The objective of this work is to detect API using high-latitude facility and analyze possible differences of the temporal and spatial variations of the API echoes in the high (HAARP) and middle (Sura) latitudes. Irregularities were created by the powerful wave of X mode and were sounded using the short probing pulses signals of X mode. API echoes were observed in the D, E, and F regions of the ionosphere. Amplitudes and characteristic times of the API echoes were measured. The API growth and decay times at HAARP (high latitudes) observed were similar to those at the Sura heating facility (midlatitudes). C1 [Bakhmetieva, N. V.; Sergeev, E. N.] Radiophys Res Inst, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. [Grach, S. M.; Sergeev, E. N.; Shindin, A. V.] Lobachevsky State Univ Nizhni Novgorod, Fac Radiophys, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. [Milikh, G. M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Siefring, C. L.; Bernhardt, P. A.; McCarrick, M.] Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Siefring, C. L.; Bernhardt, P. A.; McCarrick, M.] Naval Res Lab, Informat Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bakhmetieva, NV (reprint author), Radiophys Res Inst, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. EM nv_bakhm@nirfi.sci-nnov.ru RI Shindin, Alexey/R-8728-2016 OI Shindin, Alexey/0000-0003-1242-5666 FU RFBR [13-02-12074, 13-05-00511]; RSF [14-12-00706]; MURI [FA95501410019]; NRL 6.1 Basic Research Program FX The work was supported by RFBR projects 13-02-12074 and 13-05-00511 (final data analysis and presentation and paper preparation) and RSF grant 14-12-00706 (experimental work and preliminary data processing). G.M. (experimental work) was supported by the MURI grant FA95501410019. Work at Naval Research Laboratory (operation of the HAARP facility and providing of stable operation of the receiving excipient) was supported by the NRL 6.1 Basic Research Program. Data used in the preparation of the manuscript are available from the corresponding author. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 EI 1944-799X J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 51 IS 7 BP 999 EP 1009 DI 10.1002/2015RS005938 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA DV5TC UT WOS:000382991200010 ER PT J AU Bernhardt, PA Siefring, CL Briczinski, SJ McCarrick, M Michell, RG AF Bernhardt, Paul A. Siefring, Carl L. Briczinski, Stanley J. McCarrick, Mike Michell, Robert G. TI Large ionospheric disturbances produced by the HAARP HF facility SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ionospheric modification ID WAVES; IRREGULARITIES; SCINTILLATIONS; MINIMUM; LAYERS AB The enormous transmitter power, fully programmable antenna array, and agile frequency generation of the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) facility in Alaska have allowed the production of unprecedented disturbances in the ionosphere. Using both pencil beams and conical (or twisted) beam transmissions, artificial ionization clouds have been generated near the second, third, fourth, and sixth harmonics of the electron gyrofrequency. The conical beam has been used to sustain these clouds for up to 5h as opposed to less than 30min durations produced using pencil beams. The largest density plasma clouds have been produced at the highest harmonic transmissions. Satellite radio transmissions at 253MHz from the National Research Laboratory TACSat4 communications experiment have been severely disturbed by propagating through artificial plasma regions. The scintillation levels for UHF waves passing through artificial ionization clouds from HAARP are typically 16dB. This is much larger than previously reported scintillations at other HF facilities which have been limited to 3dB or less. The goals of future HAARP experiments should be to build on these discoveries to sustain plasma densities larger than that of the background ionosphere for use as ionospheric reflectors of radio signals. C1 [Bernhardt, Paul A.; Siefring, Carl L.; Briczinski, Stanley J.; McCarrick, Mike] Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bernhardt, Paul A.; Siefring, Carl L.; Briczinski, Stanley J.; McCarrick, Mike] Naval Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Michell, Robert G.] Univ Maryland, GSFC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Bernhardt, PA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.; Bernhardt, PA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM paul.bernhardt@nrl.navy.mil FU 6.1 Base Program at the Naval Research Laboratory; DARPA BRIOCHE Program FX This work was supported by the 6.1 Base Program at the Naval Research Laboratory and the DARPA BRIOCHE Program. All of the SEE data from the HAARP experiments can be obtained from the Naval Research Laboratory by contacting Paul Bernhardt at paul.bern-hardt@nrl.navy.mil. The optical images are available from the University of Maryland and Goddard Space Flight Center by contacting Robert Michell at robert.g.michell@nasa.gov. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 EI 1944-799X J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 51 IS 7 BP 1081 EP 1093 DI 10.1002/2015RS005883 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA DV5TC UT WOS:000382991200018 ER PT J AU Sergeev, EN Shindin, AV Grach, SM Milikh, GM Mishin, EV Bernhardt, PA Siefring, CL Briczinski, SJ McCarrick, MJ AF Sergeev, Evgeny N. Shindin, Alexey V. Grach, Savely M. Milikh, Gennady M. Mishin, Evgeny V. Bernhardt, Paul A. Siefring, Carl L. Briczinski, Stanley J. McCarrick, Michael J. TI Exploring HF-induced ionospheric turbulence by Doppler sounding and stimulated electromagnetic emissions at the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program heating facility SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ionosphere; active experiments; artificial irregularities; Doppler sounding; stimulated electromagnetic emission ID PUMP WAVE FREQUENCY; DOWNSHIFTED MAXIMUM; SPECTRA; PLASMA; RADIOWAVE; RADIATION; FEATURES AB We report on the features of the F region plasma perturbations during HF heating experiments at the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program facility in March-April 2011 and May-June 2014. The diagnostics included multifrequency Doppler (phase) sounding (MDS) and stimulated electromagnetic emission (SEE). The results concern modification of the electron density profile near the reflection and upper hybrid heights, as well as correlation of the density modification with temporal behavior of narrow continuum, downshifted maximum, and broad continuum SEE spectral features. We reveal also a new SEE spectral feature which appears in the SEE spectra for the pump frequency f(0) near the third and fourth electron gyroharmonics. It is located in the SEE spectrum well below the pump wave frequency, f-f(0)similar to-(40-220)kHz, occupies a wide frequency range till 100-150kHz, and is termed the broad downshifted emission. C1 [Sergeev, Evgeny N.; Shindin, Alexey V.; Grach, Savely M.] Lobachevsky State Univ Nizhni Novgorod, Fac Radiophys, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. [Sergeev, Evgeny N.] Lobachevsky State Univ Nizhni Novgorod, Radiophys Res Inst, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. [Milikh, Gennady M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mishin, Evgeny V.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA. [Bernhardt, Paul A.; Siefring, Carl L.; Briczinski, Stanley J.; McCarrick, Michael J.] Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bernhardt, Paul A.; Siefring, Carl L.; Briczinski, Stanley J.; McCarrick, Michael J.] Naval Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Grach, SM (reprint author), Lobachevsky State Univ Nizhni Novgorod, Fac Radiophys, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. EM sgrach@rf.unn.ru RI Shindin, Alexey/R-8728-2016 OI Shindin, Alexey/0000-0003-1242-5666 FU Education and Science Ministry [3.1252.2014/k]; RSF [14-12-00706]; RFBR [16-02-00798, 16-32-60176]; MURI [FA95501410019]; NRL 6.1 Basic Research Program FX E.S., A.S., and S.G. were supported by Education and Science Ministry Project 3.1252.2014/k (section 1, experimental work), RSF grant 14-12-00706 (sections 2-4), and RFBR grants 16-02-00798 and 16-32-60176 (section 9). G.M. was supported by the MURI grant FA95501410019 (experimental work). E.M. was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (experimental work). P.B., C.S., S.B., and M.M. were supported by the NRL 6.1 Basic Research Program (experimental work). The data of the experiments are available from the authors upon request (sgrach@rf.unn.ru). NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 EI 1944-799X J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 51 IS 7 BP 1118 EP 1130 DI 10.1002/2015RS005936 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA DV5TC UT WOS:000382991200021 ER PT J AU Zawdie, KA Drob, DP Huba, JD Coker, C AF Zawdie, K. A. Drob, D. P. Huba, J. D. Coker, C. TI Effect of time-dependent 3-D electron density gradients on high angle of incidence HF radiowave propagation SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ray trace; MSTID; modeling ID TRAVELING IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES; ATMOSPHERIC GRAVITY-WAVES; RAY; IONOGRAMS; IRREGULARITIES; BACKSCATTER; SIMULATION; RADAR; MODEL AB One of the challenges for the utilization of HF radiowaves in practical applications is to understand how the signals propagate in time- and range-dependent multipath environments. For typical quiescent ionospheric conditions it is often reasonably straightforward to interpret received HF signals. For disturbed ionospheric conditions, however, such as in the presence of large tilts, irregularities, and medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs), data interpretation and utilization often becomes challenging. This paper presents a theoretical HF propagation modeling study that exploits the capabilities of a first principles, mesoscale resolution ionosphere code, SAMI3 (Sami3 is Another Model of the Ionosphere) and a new implementation of the 3-D ray trace equations, MoJo-15 (Modernized Jones Code) in order to examine the relationship between various HF propagation observables and MSTID characteristics. This paper demonstrates the implications of MSTIDS on high angle of incidence HF propagation during typical low-latitude, postsunset ionospheric conditions and examines the spatiotemporal evolution of multiple propagation paths that may connect a given source and receiver. C1 [Zawdie, K. A.; Drob, D. P.; Coker, C.] Naval Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Huba, J. D.] Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zawdie, KA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kate.zawdie@nrl.navy.mil OI Zawdie, Kate/0000-0001-7192-4356 FU Chief of Naval Research (CNR) under the NRL 6.1 Base Program FX The authors acknowledge support from the Chief of Naval Research (CNR) under the NRL 6.1 Base Program. This work is from a dissertation to be submitted to the Graduate School, University of Maryland, by Katherine Zawdie in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the PhD degree in Physics. Data are available upon request from the lead author. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 EI 1944-799X J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 51 IS 7 BP 1131 EP 1141 DI 10.1002/2015RS005843 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA DV5TC UT WOS:000382991200022 ER PT J AU Alappattu, DP Wang, Q Kalogiros, J AF Alappattu, Denny P. Wang, Qing Kalogiros, John TI Anomalous propagation conditions over eastern Pacific Ocean derived from MAGIC data SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE MAGIC; atmospheric effects on EM propagation; evaporation duct; elevated duct ID AIR-SEA FLUXES; BOUNDARY-LAYER; EVAPORATION DUCT; BULK PARAMETERIZATION; CALIFORNIA; DYNAMICS; MODELS; REGIME; ISLAND AB This study characterizes the evaporation and elevated ducts, the most common types of ducts observed over the ocean, along a track of around 4000km between the California coast and Hawaii. We analyzed 1year (2012-2013) of ship-based measurements made during the Marine Atmospheric Radiation Measurement GPCI (GEWEX cloud system study Pacific Cross-Section Intercomparison) Investigation of Clouds (MAGIC) campaign. During this period, the ship made multiple transects between Southern California and Hawaii. While the ship-based in situ measurements and the radiosonde data served as the primary data source, a marine atmospheric surface layer model adapted from the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment 3.0 surface flux scheme is used to diagnose evaporative duct properties. Calculated mean evaporation duct heights based on shipboard measurements were found to increase steadily from 7m offshore California to about 15m near Hawaii. Overall 78% of duct heights are below 20m. On average the evaporation duct strength is between approximate to 25 and 35M units near Hawaii and about 15M units near the California coast. A gradual transition from stratocumulus (Sc) dominated offshore California to trade wind regime with cumulus (Cu) clouds takes place along MAGIC track. The measured marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) height and the capping inversion characteristics are significantly different in the two regimes with MABL decoupling occurring in the longitude range between 125 degrees W and 140 degrees W along the track. The characteristics of the elevated ducts, obtained from the rawinsonde sounding profiles, are also different in the two regions west and east of the MABL decoupling region. Approximately 70-80% of the elevated ducts occur below 1.5km east of the decoupling region, whereas almost equal percentage of ducts forms at heights above 1.5km on the west side. C1 [Alappattu, Denny P.; Wang, Qing] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Alappattu, Denny P.] San Jose State Univ, Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. [Kalogiros, John] Natl Observ Athens, Inst Environm Res & Sustainable Dev, Athens, Greece. RP Alappattu, DP (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.; Alappattu, DP (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. EM dpalappa@nps.edu FU National Research Council Research Associateship Program; Office of Naval Research (ONR) through Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (MURI) [N0001416WX00469] FX MAGIC data used for the analyses were downloaded from the ARM archive (www.arm.gov). We acknowledge Horizon Lines and the captain and crew of the Horizon Spirit, as well as the leadership of MAGIC PI Ernie Lewis and the work of scientists and technicians involved in the data collection and postprocessing. Denny P. Alappattu is sponsored by the National Research Council Research Associateship Program. This work is part of the Coupled Air-Sea Processes and EM ducting Research (CASPER) project sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under grant N0001416WX00469 through Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (MURI). NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 EI 1944-799X J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 51 IS 7 BP 1142 EP 1156 DI 10.1002/2016RS005994 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA DV5TC UT WOS:000382991200023 ER PT J AU Kitchen, L Lawrence, M Speicher, M Frumkin, K AF Kitchen, Levi Lawrence, Matthew Speicher, Matthew Frumkin, Kenneth TI Emergency Department Management of Suspected Calf-Vein Deep Venous Thrombosis: A Diagnostic Algorithm SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID PHYSICIAN-PERFORMED ULTRASONOGRAPHY; CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINES; LEG COMPRESSION ULTRASOUND; ED AMERICAN-COLLEGE; D-DIMER; LOWER-EXTREMITY; ANTITHROMBOTIC THERAPY; PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; POSTTHROMBOTIC SYNDROME; NATURAL-HISTORY AB Introduction: Unilateral leg swelling with suspicion of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a common emergency department (ED) presentation. Proximal DVT (thrombus in the popliteal or femoral veins) can usually be diagnosed and treated at the initial ED encounter. When proximal DVT has been ruled out, isolated calf-vein deep venous thrombosis (IC-DVT) often remains a consideration. The current standard for the diagnosis of IC-DVT is whole-leg vascular duplex ultrasonography (WLUS), a test that is unavailable in many hospitals outside normal business hours. When WLUS is not available from the ED, recommendations for managing suspected IC-DVT vary. The objectives of the study is to use current evidence and recommendations to (1) propose a diagnostic algorithm for IC-DVT when definitive testing (WLUS) is unavailable; and (2) summarize the controversy surrounding IC-DVT treatment. Discussion: The Figure combines D-dimer testing with serial CUS or a single deferred FLUS for the diagnosis of IC-DVT. Such an algorithm has the potential to safely direct the management of suspected IC-DVT when definitive testing is unavailable. Whether or not to treat diagnosed IC-DVT remains widely debated and awaiting further evidence. Conclusion: When IC-DVT is not ruled out in the ED, the suggested algorithm, although not prospectively validated by a controlled study, offers an approach to diagnosis that is consistent with current data and recommendations. When IC-DVT is diagnosed, current references suggest that a decision between anticoagulation and continued follow-up outpatient testing can be based on shared decision-making. The risks of proximal progression and life-threatening embolization should be balanced against the generally more benign natural history of such thrombi, and an individual patient's risk factors for both thrombus propagation and complications of anticoagulation. C1 [Kitchen, Levi; Lawrence, Matthew; Speicher, Matthew; Frumkin, Kenneth] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Emergency Dept, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Kitchen, L (reprint author), US Naval Hosp Guam, Emergency Dept, PSC 490 Box 7748, FPO, AP 96538 USA. EM levikk81@gmail.com NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WESTJEM PI ORANGE PA C/O SHAHRAM LOTFIPOUR, MD, MPH, 333 CITY BLVD W STE 640, RT 128-01, ORANGE, CA 92868 USA SN 1936-900X EI 1936-9018 J9 WEST J EMERG MED JI West. J. Emerg. Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 17 IS 2 BP 384 EP 390 DI 10.5811/westjem.2016.5.29951 PG 7 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA DV3QJ UT WOS:000382837600001 PM 27429688 ER PT J AU Doschek, GA Warren, HP AF Doschek, G. A. Warren, H. P. TI THE MYSTERIOUS CASE OF THE SOLAR ARGON ABUNDANCE NEAR SUNSPOTS IN FLARES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Sun: flares; Sun: UV radiation ID IMAGING SPECTROMETER; ENERGETIC PARTICLES; ACTIVE REGIONS; ABSOLUTE ABUNDANCES; CORONAL ABUNDANCES; ELEMENT ABUNDANCES; ATOMIC DATABASE; SPECTRAL-LINES; HINODE EIS; EMISSION AB Recently we discussed an enhancement of the abundance of Ar XIV relative to Ca XIV near a sunspot during a flare, observed in spectra recorded by the Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on the Hinode spacecraft. The observed Ar XIV/Ca XIV ratio yields an argon/calcium abundance ratio seven times greater than expected from the photospheric abundance. Such a large abundance anomaly is unprecedented in the solar atmosphere. We interpreted this result as being due to an inverse first ionization potential (FIP) effect. In the published work, two lines of Ar XIV were observed, and one line was tentatively identified as an Ar XI line. In this paper, we report observing a similar enhancement in a full-CCD EIS flare spectrum in 13 argon lines that lie within the EIS wavelength ranges. The observed lines include two Ar XI lines, four Ar XIII lines, six Ar XIV lines, and one Ar XV line. The enhancement is far less than reported in Doschek et al. but exhibits similar morphology. The argon abundance is close to a photospheric abundance in the enhanced area, and the abundance could be photospheric. This enhancement occurs in association with a sunspot in a small area only a few arcseconds (1(n) = about 700 km) in size. There is no enhancement effect observed in the normally high-FIP sulfur and oxygen line ratios relative to lines of low-FIP elements available to EIS. Calculations of path lengths in the strongest enhanced area in Doschek et al. indicate a depletion of low-FIP elements. C1 [Doschek, G. A.; Warren, H. P.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Doschek, GA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU NASA Hinode program FX GAD and HPW acknowledge support from the NASA Hinode program. GAD and HPW also acknowledge NRL 6.1 basic research support. We thank Drs. Martin Laming and Brian Wood for helpful comments on the manuscript. We also thank the referee for valuable suggestions and comments. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 1 AR 36 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/36 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0YD UT WOS:000381930000036 ER PT J AU Provornikova, E Laming, JM Lukin, VS AF Provornikova, E. Laming, J. M. Lukin, V. S. TI PLASMA COMPRESSION IN MAGNETIC RECONNECTION REGIONS IN THE SOLAR CORONA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE magnetic reconnection; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); Sun: corona; Sun: magnetic fields ID PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; WAVE-PROPAGATION; PROTON EVENTS; FLARES; NEIGHBORHOOD; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; ATMOSPHERE; EJECTIONS; DYNAMICS; POINT AB It has been proposed that particles bouncing between magnetized flows converging in a reconnection region can be accelerated by the first-order Fermi mechanism. Analytical considerations of this mechanism have shown that the spectral index of accelerated particles is related to the total plasma compression within the reconnection region, similarly to the case of the diffusive shock acceleration mechanism. As a first step to investigate the efficiency of Fermi acceleration in reconnection regions in producing hard energy spectra of particles in the solar corona, we explore the degree of plasma compression that can be achieved at reconnection sites. In particular, we aim to determine the conditions for the strong compressions to form. Using a two-dimensional resistive MHD numerical model, we consider a set of magnetic field configurations where magnetic reconnection can occur, including a Harris current sheet, a force-free current sheet, and two merging flux ropes. Plasma parameters are taken to be characteristic of the solar corona. Numerical simulations show that strong plasma compressions (>= 4) in the reconnection regions can form when the plasma heating due to reconnection is efficiently removed by fast thermal conduction or the radiative cooling process. The radiative cooling process that is negligible in the typical 1MK corona can play an important role in the low corona/transition region. It is found that plasma compression is expected to be strongest in low-beta plasma beta similar to 0.01-0.07 at reconnection magnetic nulls. C1 [Provornikova, E.] UCAR, Boulder, CO USA. [Provornikova, E.; Laming, J. M.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lukin, V. S.] Natl Sci Fdn, Arlington, VA 22230 USA. RP Provornikova, E (reprint author), UCAR, Boulder, CO USA.; Provornikova, E (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU NASA LWS Jack Eddy Postdoctoral Fellowship; National Science Foundation; basic research funds of the Chief of Naval Research; NASA Solar and Heliospheric Physics program; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy FX E.P. is supported by the NASA LWS Jack Eddy Postdoctoral Fellowship. V.S.L. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation. J.M.L. was supported by basic research funds of the Chief of Naval Research. This research was also supported by NASA Solar and Heliospheric Physics program. Computer simulations were performed at the scientific computing facility National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. Computer simulations were performed at the US Department of Energy supercomputer NERSC. E.P. thanks I.N. Gorkavyi for data visualization support. This work has benefited from the use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 1 AR 55 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/55 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0YD UT WOS:000381930000055 ER PT J AU Rohrer, JP LaFever, B Beverly, R AF Rohrer, Justin P. LaFever, Blake Beverly, Robert TI Empirical Study of Router IPv6 Interface Address Distributions SO IEEE INTERNET COMPUTING LA English DT Article AB IPv6 is an important component of the Internet's continued growth and evolution. It has grown exponentially and now carries nontrivial amounts of production traffic. Less well-understood is IPv6's topology and the way in which providers are using their IPv6 address allocations. Rather than relying on passive measurements or heuristics, the authors use uniform active probing; executing ICMP-Paris traceroute probes to an address in each /48 in all /32's advertised in the global IPv6 routing table (approximately 400 million traces). At this granularity, they characterize the distribution of IPv6 interface addresses in the wild, and find significant differences among providers and regions. C1 [Rohrer, Justin P.; LaFever, Blake] US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Beverly, Robert] US Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Rohrer, JP (reprint author), US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jprohrer@nps.edu; bwlafeve@cmand.org; rbeverly@nps.edu FU US National Science Foundation [CNS-1111445]; US Department of Homeland Security Cyber Security Division [N66001-2250-58231] FX We thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments, Young Hyun for his assistance in executing the exhaustive probing, Kimberly C. Claffy ("kc claffy") for her support, and CAIDA for the Ark infrastructure. This work was supported in part by US National Science Foundation grant CNS-1111445 and US Department of Homeland Security Cyber Security Division contract N66001-2250-58231. Views and conclusions are those of the authors and shouldn't be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the US government. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1089-7801 EI 1941-0131 J9 IEEE INTERNET COMPUT JI IEEE Internet Comput. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 20 IS 4 BP 36 EP 45 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA DV1JZ UT WOS:000382678600006 ER PT J AU Nichols, JM Waterman, JR AF Nichols, J. M. Waterman, J. R. TI Accounting for uncertainty in location when detecting point sources using infrared focal plane arrays SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Image detection systems; (110.3080) Infrared imaging; (220.4830) System design ID MOVING-OBJECTS; TARGET; SYSTEMS AB This work derives the modeling and detection theory required to predict the performance of an infrared focal plane array in detecting point source targets. Specifically, we focus on modeling the uncertainty associated with the location of the point source on the array. In the process we derive several new expressions related to pixel-averaged detection performance under a variety of problem assumptions. The resulting predictions are compared to standard approaches where the location is assumed fixed and known. It is further shown how to incorporate these predictions, into multi-frame detection strategies. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Nichols, J. M.; Waterman, J. R.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Nichols, JM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jonathan.nichols@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory as part of a 6.2 Base Program FX The authors would like to acknowledge funding from the Naval Research Laboratory as part of a 6.2 Base Program. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 EI 1879-0275 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 77 BP 244 EP 257 DI 10.1016/j.infrared.2016.06.006 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA DT5OQ UT WOS:000381532900033 ER PT J AU Andrew, RK Ganse, A White, AW Mercer, JA Dzieciuch, MA Worcester, PF Colosi, JA AF Andrew, Rex K. Ganse, Andrew White, Andrew W. Mercer, James A. Dzieciuch, Matthew A. Worcester, Peter F. Colosi, John A. TI Low-frequency pulse propagation over 510km in the Philippine Sea: A comparison of observed and theoretical pulse spreading SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MUTUAL COHERENCE FUNCTIONS; ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION; OCEAN; FLUCTUATIONS; RANGE; TIME; CHANNEL AB Observations of the spread of wander-corrected averaged pulses propagated over 510 km for 54 h in the Philippine Sea are compared to Monte Carlo predictions using a parabolic equation and path-integral predictions. Two simultaneous m-sequence signals are used, one centered at 200 Hz, the other at 300 Hz; both have a bandwidth of 50 Hz. The internal wave field is estimated at slightly less than unity Garrett-Munk strength. The observed spreads in all the early ray-like arrivals are very small, <1ms (for pulse widths of 17 and 14 ms), which are on the order of the sampling period. Monte Carlo predictions show similar very small spreads. Pulse spread is one consequence of scattering, which is assumed to occur primarily at upper ocean depths where scattering processes are strongest and upward propagating rays refract downward. If scattering effects in early ray-like arrivals accumulate with increasing upper turning points, spread might show a similar dependence. Real and simulation results show no such dependence. Path-integral theory prediction of spread is accurate for the earliest ray-like arrivals, but appears to be increasingly biased high for later ray-like arrivals, which have more upper turning points. (C) 2016 Acoustical Society of America. C1 [Andrew, Rex K.; Ganse, Andrew; Mercer, James A.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [White, Andrew W.] Marine Acoust Inc, Middletown, RI 02842 USA. [Dzieciuch, Matthew A.; Worcester, Peter F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Colosi, John A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Andrew, RK (reprint author), Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. EM rex@apl.washington.edu FU Long Range/Deep Water Propagation thrust area of the Ocean Acoustics Program at the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under APL-UW Grant [N00014-08-1-0843, N00014-08-1-0797, N00014-13-1-0009, N00014-15-1-2233]; Scripps Institution of Oceanography Grant [N00014-08-1-0840]; ONR Post-doctoral Fellowship [N00014-14-1-0218] FX The authors would like to thank Captain Desjardins, the crew of the R/V Roger Revelle, and the ResTechs Meghan Donohue, Brett Hembrough, and Kris Weeks for their assistance. The C-Nav GPS system was rented from C&C Technologies in Lafayette, LA. Dr. F. Henyey participated in many, many discussions during the analysis of these data. This work was supported by the Long Range/Deep Water Propagation thrust area of the Ocean Acoustics Program at the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under APL-UW Grant Nos. N00014-08-1-0843, N00014-08-1-0797, N00014-13-1-0009, and N00014-15-1-2233, and Scripps Institution of Oceanography Grant No. N00014-08-1-0840. A.W.W. was supported by ONR Post-doctoral Fellowship N00014-14-1-0218. Linda Buck and Robin Mumm contributed substantial processing and laborious data reduction. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 140 IS 1 BP 216 EP 228 DI 10.1121/1.4954259 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA DU7PG UT WOS:000382406500046 PM 27475148 ER PT J AU Park, J Stump, BW Hayward, C Arrowsmith, SJ Che, IY Drob, DP AF Park, Junghyun Stump, Brian W. Hayward, Chris Arrowsmith, Stephen J. Che, Il-Young Drob, Douglas P. TI Detection of regional infrasound signals using array data: Testing, tuning, and physical interpretation SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID OCEAN WAVES; PROPAGATION; LOCATION; NOISE; MICROBAROMS; EXPLOSIONS; MORPHOLOGY; NETWORK; EVENTS; SYSTEM AB This work quantifies the physical characteristics of infrasound signal and noise, assesses their temporal variations, and determines the degree to which these effects can be predicted by time-varying atmospheric models to estimate array and network performance. An automated detector that accounts for both correlated and uncorrelated noise is applied to infrasound data from three seismo-acoustic arrays in South Korea (BRDAR, CHNAR, and KSGAR), cooperatively operated by Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) and Southern Methodist University (SMU). Arrays located on an island and near the coast have higher noise power, consistent with both higher wind speeds and seasonably variable ocean wave contributions. On the basis of the adaptive F-detector quantification of time variable environmental effects, the time-dependent scaling variable is shown to be dependent on both weather conditions and local site effects. Significant seasonal variations in infrasound detections including daily time of occurrence, detection numbers, and phase velocity/azimuth estimates are documented. These time-dependent effects are strongly correlated with atmospheric winds and temperatures and are predicted by available atmospheric specifications. This suggests that commonly available atmospheric specifications can be used to predict both station and network detection performance, and an appropriate forward model improves location capabilities as a function of time. (C) 2016 Acoustical Society of America. C1 [Park, Junghyun; Stump, Brian W.; Hayward, Chris] Southern Methodist Univ, Roy M Huffington Dept Earth Sci, POB 750395, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Arrowsmith, Stephen J.] Sandia Natl Labs, 1515 Eubank SE,Mail Stop 0404, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Che, Il-Young] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, 124 Gwahak Ro, Deajeon 34132, South Korea. [Drob, Douglas P.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Park, J (reprint author), Southern Methodist Univ, Roy M Huffington Dept Earth Sci, POB 750395, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. EM junghyunp@smu.edu FU Air Force Research Laboratory; National Nuclear Security Administration [FA8718-08-C-0008]; Chief of Naval Research through Naval Research Laboratory base program FX This work was funded by the Air Force Research Laboratory and the National Nuclear Security Administration, under Award No. FA8718-08-C-0008. D.P.D. acknowledges support from the Chief of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory base program. The MERRA/GEOS-5 data utilized in the G2S atmospheric specifications were provided by the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center through the online data portal in the NASA Center for Climate Simulation. The NOAA GFS analysis fields, also utilized in the G2S specifications, were obtained from NOAA's National Operational Model Archive and Distribution System, which is maintained at NOAA's National Climatic Data Center. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 140 IS 1 BP 239 EP 259 DI 10.1121/1.4954759 PG 21 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA DU7PG UT WOS:000382406500048 ER PT J AU Godin, OA AF Godin, Oleg A. TI Diffraction of acoustic-gravity waves in the presence of a turning point SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MOVING MEDIUM; SOUND FIELD; PROPAGATION; ATMOSPHERE; SURFACE; PHASE; TSUNAMI; FLUID; APPROXIMATION; TRANSMISSION AB Acoustic-gravity waves (AGWs) in an inhomogeneous atmosphere often have caustics, where the ray theory predicts unphysical, divergent values of the wave amplitude and needs to be modified. Unlike acoustic waves and gravity waves in incompressible fluids, AGW fields in the vicinity of a caustic have never been systematically studied. Here, asymptotic expansions of acoustic gravity waves are derived in the presence of a turning point in a horizontally stratified, moving fluid such as the atmosphere. Sound speed and the background flow (wind) velocity are assumed to vary gradually with height, and slowness of these variations determines the large parameter of the problem. It is found that uniform asymptotic expansions of the wave field in the presence of a turning point can be expressed in terms of the Airy function and its derivative. The geometrical, or Berry, phase, which arises in the consistent Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approximation for AGWs, plays an important role in the caustic asymptotics. In the dominant term of the uniform asymptotic solution, the terms with the Airy function and its derivative are weighted by the cosine and sine of the Berry phase, respectively. The physical meaning and corollaries of the asymptotic solutions are discussed. C1 [Godin, Oleg A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Godin, OA (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM oagodin@nps.edu RI Godin, Oleg/E-6554-2011 OI Godin, Oleg/0000-0003-4599-2149 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-13-1-0348] FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research through award Grant No. N00014-13-1-0348. Discussions with S. D. Danilov, I. M. Fuks, N. A. Zabotin, and B. H. Borden are gratefully acknowledged. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 140 IS 1 BP 283 EP 295 DI 10.1121/1.4955283 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA DU7PG UT WOS:000382406500051 PM 27475153 ER PT J AU Finneran, JJ Echon, R Mulsow, J Houser, DS AF Finneran, James J. Echon, Roxanne Mulsow, Jason Houser, Dorian S. TI Short-term enhancement and suppression of dolphin auditory evoked responses following echolocation click emission SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID BOTTLE-NOSED-DOLPHIN; FALSE KILLER WHALE; BRAIN-STEM RESPONSE; STEADY-STATE RESPONSES; AUTOMATIC GAIN-CONTROL; HEARING SENSITIVITY; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; ODONTOCETE BIOSONAR; LATERAL SUPPRESSION; SYSTEM AB Biosonar gain control mechanisms in a bottlenose dolphin were investigated by measuring the auditory steady-state response (ASSR) to an external tone while the animal echolocated. The dolphin performed an echo change-detection task that utilized electronically synthesized echoes with echo delays corresponding to 25- and 50-m target range. During the task, amplitude modulated tones with carrier frequencies from 25 to 125 kHz were continuously presented and the instantaneous electroencephalogram stored for later analysis. ASSRs were extracted from the electroencephalogram by synchronously averaging time epochs temporally aligned with the onset of the external tone modulation cycle nearest to each of the dolphin's echolocation clicks. Results showed an overall suppression of the ASSR amplitude for tones with frequencies near the click center frequencies. A larger, temporary suppression of the ASSR amplitude was also measured at frequencies above 40-50 kHz, while a temporary enhancement was observed at lower frequencies. Temporal patterns for ASSR enhancement or suppression were frequency-, level-, and range-dependent, with recovery to pre-click values occurring within the two-way travel time. Suppressive effects fit the patterns expected from forward masking by the emitted biosonar pulse, while the specific mechanisms responsible for the frequency-dependent enhancement are unknown. C1 [Finneran, James J.] Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific, US Navy Marine Mammal Program, Code 71510,53560 Hull St, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Echon, Roxanne; Mulsow, Jason; Houser, Dorian S.] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, 2240 Shelter Isl Dr,200, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Finneran, JJ (reprint author), Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific, US Navy Marine Mammal Program, Code 71510,53560 Hull St, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM james.finneran@navy.mil OI Houser, Dorian/0000-0002-0960-8528 FU SSC Pacific Naval Innovative Science and Engineering (NISE) program; Office of Naval Research Code 32 (Mine Countermeasures, Acoustics Phenomenology & Modeling Group) FX The authors thank Megan Tormey and Arial Brewer for dolphin training and handling during the experimental sessions and Randall Dear and Jim Powell for logistic support. The study followed a protocol approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the Biosciences Division, Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center (SSC), Pacific and the Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, and followed all applicable U.S. Department of Defense guidelines. Financial support was provided by the SSC Pacific Naval Innovative Science and Engineering (NISE) program and the Office of Naval Research Code 32 (Mine Countermeasures, Acoustics Phenomenology & Modeling Group). NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 140 IS 1 BP 296 EP 307 DI 10.1121/1.4955093 PG 12 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA DU7PG UT WOS:000382406500052 PM 27475154 ER PT J AU Ruser, A Dahne, M van Neer, A Lucke, K Sundermeyer, J Siebert, U Houser, DS Finneran, JJ Everaarts, E Meerbeek, J Dietz, R Sveegaard, S Teilmann, J AF Ruser, Andreas Daehne, Michael van Neer, Abbo Lucke, Klaus Sundermeyer, Janne Siebert, Ursula Houser, Dorian S. Finneran, James J. Everaarts, Eligius Meerbeek, Jolanda Dietz, Rune Sveegaard, Signe Teilmann, Jonas TI Assessing auditory evoked potentials of wild harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID DOLPHIN TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; TEMPORARY THRESHOLD SHIFTS; STEADY-STATE RESPONSES; HEARING THRESHOLDS; FREQUENCY; NOISE; COHERENCE; SIGNALS; SINGLE; SENSITIVITY AB Testing the hearing abilities of marine mammals under water is a challenging task. Sample sizes are usually low, thus limiting the ability to generalize findings of susceptibility towards noise influences. A method to measure harbor porpoise hearing thresholds in situ in outdoor conditions using auditory steady state responses of the brainstem was developed and tested. The method was used on 15 live-stranded animals from the North Sea during rehabilitation, shortly before release into the wild, and on 12 wild animals incidentally caught in pound nets in Denmark (inner Danish waters). Results indicated that although the variability between individuals is wide, the shape of the hearing curve is generally similar to previously published results from behavioral trials. Using 10-kHz frequency intervals between 10 and 160 kHz, best hearing was found between 120 and 130 kHz. Additional testing using one-third octave frequency intervals (from 16 to 160 kHz) allowed for a much faster hearing assessment, but eliminated the fine scale threshold characteristics. For further investigations, the method will be used to better understand the factors influencing sensitivity differences across individuals and to establish population-level parameters describing hearing abilities of harbor porpoises. (C) 2016 Acoustical Society of America. C1 [Ruser, Andreas; Daehne, Michael; van Neer, Abbo; Lucke, Klaus; Sundermeyer, Janne; Siebert, Ursula] Univ Vet Med Hannover, Inst Terr & Aquat Wildlife Res, Fdn, Busum, SH, Germany. [Houser, Dorian S.] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Finneran, James J.] Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific, US Navy Marine Mammal Program, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Everaarts, Eligius; Meerbeek, Jolanda] SOS Dolfijn, Harderwijk, Netherlands. [Dietz, Rune; Sveegaard, Signe; Teilmann, Jonas] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Daehne, Michael] German Oceanog Museum, Stralsund, MV, Germany. [Lucke, Klaus] Curtin Univ, Ctr Marine Sci & Technol, Perth, WA, Australia. [Sundermeyer, Janne] Seal Ctr Friedrichskoog, Friedrichskoog, SH, Germany. RP Ruser, A (reprint author), Univ Vet Med Hannover, Inst Terr & Aquat Wildlife Res, Fdn, Busum, SH, Germany. EM andreas.ruser@tiho-hannover.de RI Lucke, Klaus/B-9349-2015; Teilmann, Jonas/J-7828-2013; OI Lucke, Klaus/0000-0002-5414-3715; Houser, Dorian/0000-0002-0960-8528; Teilmann, Jonas/0000-0002-4376-4700 FU Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) [Z1.2-53302/2010/14]; German Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conversation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) [FKZ: 0325117]; Bundeswehr Technical Center for Ships and Naval Weapons [WTD 71] FX We are grateful to the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) for funding the current project (Z1.2-53302/2010/14), the German Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conversation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) for funding the previous work (FKZ: 0325117) and to the Bundeswehr Technical Center for Ships and Naval Weapons (WTD 71). We thank all volunteers and employees at the SOS Dolfijn for caring for the porpoises. Furthermore, a special thanks to the Danish pound net fishermen. Without their help analysis on free-living porpoises would not have been achievable. Many thanks to Jorg Driver, our expert veterinarian on harbor porpoises. Also may thanks to Ole Meyer-Klaeden, Patrick Stuhrk, Johannes Baltzer, Steffen Mumme, and Joseph Schnitzler for all their help. Also thanks to all colleagues of the Aarhus University among others Lonnie Mikkelsen, Jeppe Dalgaard Balle, Morten Tange-Olsen, Mikkel Villum, and the crews from the AU & ITAW who made the field work possible. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 140 IS 1 BP 442 EP 452 DI 10.1121/1.4955306 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA DU7PG UT WOS:000382406500065 PM 27475168 ER PT J AU Nordeen, CA Schwer, D Schauer, F Hoke, J Barber, T Cetegen, BM AF Nordeen, C. A. Schwer, D. Schauer, F. Hoke, J. Barber, T. Cetegen, B. M. TI Role of inlet reactant mixedness on the thermodynamic performance of a rotating detonation engine SO SHOCK WAVES LA English DT Article DE Rotating detonation engine; Injection mixing; Numerical simulation; Thermodynamic performance ID HYDROGEN AB Rotating detonation engines have the potential to achieve the high propulsive efficiencies of detonation cycles in a simple and effective annular geometry. A two-dimensional Euler simulation is modified to include mixing factors to simulate the imperfect mixing of injected reactant streams. Contrary to expectations, mixing is shown to have a minimal impact on performance. Oblique detonation waves are shown to increase local stream thermal efficiency, which compensates for other losses in the flow stream. The degree of reactant mixing is, however, a factor in controlling the stability and existence of rotating detonations. C1 [Nordeen, C. A.; Barber, T.; Cetegen, B. M.] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Schwer, D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schauer, F.] Air Force Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. [Hoke, J.] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA. RP Nordeen, CA (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM n0rd33n@sbcglobal.net; Schwer@lcp.nrl.navy.mil; frederick.schauer@wpafb.af.mil; John.Hoke.ctr@wpafb.af.mil; barbertj@engr.uconn.edu; cetegen@engr.uconn.edu FU Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc.; Office of Naval Research through the NRL 6.1 Computational Physics Task Area FX This work was sponsored by a contract from Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc. and by the Office of Naval Research through the NRL 6.1 Computational Physics Task Area. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 13 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0938-1287 EI 1432-2153 J9 SHOCK WAVES JI Shock Waves PD JUL PY 2016 VL 26 IS 4 BP 417 EP 428 DI 10.1007/s00193-015-0570-7 PG 12 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA DU7NM UT WOS:000382401300006 ER PT J AU Ahn, S Lin, YH Ren, F Oh, S Jung, Y Yang, G Kim, J Mastro, MA Hite, JK Eddy, CR Pearton, SJ AF Ahn, Shihyun Lin, Yi-Hsuan Ren, Fan Oh, Sooyeoun Jung, Younghun Yang, Gwangseok Kim, Jihyun Mastro, Michael A. Hite, Jennifer K. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Pearton, Stephen J. TI Effect of 5 MeV proton irradiation damage on performance of beta-Ga2O3 photodetectors SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-BLIND PHOTODETECTORS; GALLIUM OXIDE-FILMS; THIN-FILMS AB Planar thin film beta-Ga2O3 photodetectors were irradiated with 5 MeV protons at doses from 10(13) to 10(15) cm(-2), and the resulting effects on photocurrent, responsivity, quantum efficiency, and photo-to-dark current ratio at 254 nm wavelength were measured at both 25 and 150 degrees C. The photocurrent increased with dose due to the introduction of damage from nonionizing energy loss by the protons. The total calculated vacancy concentration increased from 5 x 10(15) to 5 x 10(17) cm(-3) over the dose range investigated. The dark current increased in proportion with the implant dose, leading to a decrease in the ratio of photocurrent to dark current. The photocurrent induced by 254 nm illumination increased with dose, from similar to 0.3 x 10(-7) A at 25 degrees C for a dose of 10(13) cm(-2) to similar to 10(-6) A at a dose of 10(15) cm(-2) at a fixed light intensity of 760 mu W/cm(2). The phototo- dark current ratio decreased from similar to 60 in the control samples to similar to 9 after proton doses of 10(15) cm(-2), with corresponding external quantum efficiencies of similar to 10(3) % in control samples, similar to 2 x 10(3) % for a dose of 10(13) cm(-2), and 10 4 % for a dose of 10(15) cm(-2). The mechanism for the increase in photocurrent is the introduction of gap states, since the dark current of the photodetectors was increased by illuminating with sub-bandgap (red or green laser light) for the proton irradiated samples. (C) 2016 American Vacuum Society. C1 [Ahn, Shihyun; Lin, Yi-Hsuan; Ren, Fan] Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Oh, Sooyeoun; Jung, Younghun; Yang, Gwangseok; Kim, Jihyun] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 02841, South Korea. [Mastro, Michael A.; Hite, Jennifer K.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Power Elect Mat Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pearton, Stephen J.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu FU DTRA [HDTRA11-1-0020]; New and Renewable Energy Core Technology Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP); Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy [20153030012110]; Office of Naval Research FX The research at the University of Florida was supported by the DTRA (Contract No. HDTRA11-1-0020), while that at Korea University was supported by the New and Renewable Energy Core Technology Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP), granted financial resource from the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (No. 20153030012110). Research at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL PY 2016 VL 34 IS 4 AR 041213 DI 10.1116/1.4950872 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA DU4UI UT WOS:000382207700024 ER PT J AU Ahn, S Ren, F Oh, S Jung, Y Kim, J Mastro, MA Hite, JK Eddy, CR Pearton, SJ AF Ahn, Shihyun Ren, Fan Oh, Sooyeoun Jung, Younghun Kim, Jihyun Mastro, Michael A. Hite, Jennifer K. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Pearton, S. J. TI Elevated temperature performance of Si-implanted solar-blind beta-Ga2O3 photodetectors SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID GALLIUM OXIDE-FILMS; ULTRAVIOLET PHOTODETECTORS; THIN-FILMS AB The temperature dependent photoresponse of planar photodetectors fabricated on beta-Ga2O3 films grown on Al2O3 by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition to 254 nm wavelength, and blindness to 365 nm light, are reported over the range of 25-350 degrees C. Ohmic contacts were formed by Siimplantation and annealing at 900 degrees C, followed by deposition of Ti/Au metallization. The photocurrent induced by 254 nm illumination increased monotonically with temperature, from similar to 2.5 x 10(-7) A at 25 degrees C to similar to 2.2 x 10(-6) A at 350 degrees C at a fixed 254 nm light intensity of 760 lW/cm(2). The photosensitivity decreases at high temperatures in many photoconductors (thermal quenching), in sharp contrast to the photosensitivity increase with high temperatures in this study. This is ascribed to the presence of states in the gap of Ga2O3, whose presence was proven by exposure to below band-gap energy. In this case, the current still increased due to the presence of defect levels in the band gap and the generation of photocurrent is due to a transition between the valence or conduction band and impurity or defect levels within the band gap. The temperature dependent photo-to-dark current ratio for this wavelength was 328 at room temperature and decreased to similar to 9 at 350 degrees C. The responsivity increased from 5 to 36 A/W over this temperature range, with corresponding external quantum efficiencies of 2.5 x 10(3) % at 25 degrees C and 1.75 x 10(4) % at 350 degrees C. Similarly large numbers reported for Ga2O3 photodetectors have previously been ascribed to carrier multiplication effects. (C) 2016 American Vacuum Society. C1 [Ahn, Shihyun; Ren, Fan] Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Oh, Sooyeoun; Jung, Younghun; Kim, Jihyun] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 02841, South Korea. [Mastro, Michael A.; Hite, Jennifer K.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Power Elect Mat Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pearton, S. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu FU DTRA [HDTRA11-1-0020]; New and Renewable Energy Core Technology Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP); Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy [20153030012110]; Office of Naval Research FX The research at University of Florida was supported by DTRA (Contract No. HDTRA11-1-0020), while that at Korea University was supported by the New and Renewable Energy Core Technology Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP), granted financial resource from the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (No. 20153030012110). Research at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 15 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL PY 2016 VL 34 IS 4 AR 041207 DI 10.1116/1.4948361 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA DU4UI UT WOS:000382207700018 ER PT J AU Harris, JR Jensen, KL Tang, W Shiffler, DA AF Harris, John R. Jensen, Kevin L. Tang, Wilkin Shiffler, Donald A. TI Control of bulk and edge screening effects in two-dimensional arrays of ungated field emitters SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID EMISSION PROPERTIES; SURFACE FLASHOVER; CATHODE; ELECTRONS; PLASMA; FILMS; COLD AB In arrays of ungated field emitters, nearby emitters introduce a screening effect, reducing each emitter's field enhancement factor below its value in isolation. At the edge of the array, however, the strength of this screening effect is reduced because the number of nearby emitters is reduced, leading to a variation in the emitted current with position in the array. This may have detrimental effects on the emitted beam properties and lead to increased damage to the emitters near the edge due to increased current, heating, and ion bombardment. In this work, the authors apply line and point charge models to study the impact of screening on the performance of two-dimensional field emitter arrays, with an emphasis on quantifying the extent of the edge enhancement effect, and on assessing potential means to control it. C1 [Harris, John R.] US Navy Reserve, Navy Operat Support Ctr Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64130 USA. [Jensen, Kevin L.] Naval Res Lab, Code 6364, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Tang, Wilkin; Shiffler, Donald A.] Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. RP Harris, JR (reprint author), US Navy Reserve, Navy Operat Support Ctr Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64130 USA. EM john.r.harris3@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research Reserve Component Joint ST Focus Area; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support they have received from the Office of Naval Research Reserve Component Joint S&T Focus Area (JRH) and from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (KLJ), without which this work would not have been possible. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 5 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL PY 2016 VL 34 IS 4 AR 041215 DI 10.1116/1.4953076 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA DU4UI UT WOS:000382207700026 ER PT J AU Stier, AV McCreary, KM Jonker, BT Kono, J Crooker, SA AF Stier, Andreas V. McCreary, Kathleen M. Jonker, Berend T. Kono, Junichiro Crooker, Scott A. TI Magnetoreflection spectroscopy of monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenide semiconductors in pulsed magnetic fields SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID EXCITON BINDING-ENERGY; VALLEY POLARIZATION; SPIN COHERENCE; MOS2; WS2; WSE2; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; DISULFIDE; ELECTRONS; LAYER AB The authors describe recent experimental efforts to perform polarization-resolved optical spectroscopy of monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenide semiconductors in very large pulsed magnetic fields to 65 T. The experimental setup and technical challenges are discussed in detail, and temperature-dependent magnetoreflection spectra from atomically thin tungsten disulphide are presented. The data clearly reveal not only the valley Zeeman effect in these two-dimensional semiconductors but also the small quadratic exciton diamagnetic shift from which the very small exciton size can be directly inferred. Finally, the authors present model calculations that demonstrate how the measured diamagnetic shifts can be used to constrain estimates of the exciton binding energy in this new family of monolayer semiconductors. (C) 2016 American Vacuum Society. C1 [Stier, Andreas V.; Crooker, Scott A.] Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [McCreary, Kathleen M.; Jonker, Berend T.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kono, Junichiro] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Kono, Junichiro] Rice Univ, Dept Mat Sci & NanoEngn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Crooker, SA (reprint author), Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM crooker@lanl.gov OI Stier, Andreas/0000-0002-5476-1919 FU NSF [DMR-1157490]; State of Florida; NRL Nanoscience Institute; AFOSR [AOARD 14IOA018-134141, FA9550-14-1-0268] FX These measurements were performed at the NHMFL, which is supported by the NSF DMR-1157490 and the State of Florida. Work at NRL was supported by the core programs and the NRL Nanoscience Institute, and by the AFOSR under Contract No. AOARD 14IOA018-134141. Work at Rice University was supported by the AFOSR under FA9550-14-1-0268. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 7 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL PY 2016 VL 34 IS 4 AR 04J102 DI 10.1116/1.4948992 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA DU4UI UT WOS:000382207700066 ER PT J AU Vossen, TWM Wood, RK Newman, AM AF Vossen, Thomas W. M. Wood, R. Kevin Newman, Alexandra M. TI Hierarchical Benders Decomposition for Open-Pit Mine Block Sequencing SO OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE industries: mining; production scheduling: deterministic; sequencing; integer programming: Benders decomposition; heuristic ID PRODUCTION SCHEDULING PROBLEM; STAIRCASE LINEAR-PROGRAMS; BRANCH-AND-PRICE; NESTED DECOMPOSITION; COLUMN GENERATION; ALGORITHM; IMPLEMENTATIONS; UNCERTAINTY; MODEL AB The open-pit mine block sequencing problem (OPBS) models a deposit of ore and surrounding material near the Earth's surface as a three-dimensional grid of blocks. A solution in discretized time identifies a profit-maximizing extraction (mining) schedule for the blocks. Our model variant, a mixed-integer program (MIP), presumes a predetermined destination for each extracted block, namely, processing plant or waste dump. The MIP incorporates standard constructs but also adds not-so-standard lower bounds on resource consumption in each time period and allows fractional block extraction in a novel fashion while still enforcing pit-wall slope restrictions. A new extension of nested Benders decomposition, "hierarchical" Benders decomposition (HBD), solves the MIP's linear-programming relaxation. HBD exploits time-aggregated variables and can recursively decompose a model into a master problem and two subproblems rather than the usual single subproblem. A specialized branch-and-bound heuristic then produces high-quality, mixed-integer solutions. Medium-sized problems (e.g., 25,000 blocks and 20 time periods) solve to near optimality in minutes. To the best of our knowledge, these computational results are the best known for instances of OPBS that enforce lower bounds on resource consumption. C1 [Vossen, Thomas W. M.] Univ Colorado, Leeds Sch Business, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Wood, R. Kevin] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Newman, Alexandra M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Mech Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Vossen, TWM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Leeds Sch Business, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM vossen@colorado.edu; kwood@nps.edu; newman@mines.edu FU Office of Naval Research; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX The second author thanks the Office of Naval Research and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research for support of his research. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 18 U2 18 PU INFORMS PI CATONSVILLE PA 5521 RESEARCH PARK DR, SUITE 200, CATONSVILLE, MD 21228 USA SN 0030-364X J9 OPER RES JI Oper. Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 64 IS 4 BP 771 EP 793 DI 10.1287/opre.2016.1516 PG 23 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA DU0TN UT WOS:000381917500001 ER PT J AU Balazs, GC Brelin, AM Donohue, MA Dworak, TC Rue, JPH Giuliani, JR Dickens, JF AF Balazs, George C. Brelin, Alaina M. Donohue, Michael A. Dworak, Theodora C. Rue, John-Paul H. Giuliani, Jeffrey R. Dickens, Jonathan F. TI Incidence Rate and Results of the Surgical Treatment of Pectoralis Major Tendon Ruptures in Active-Duty Military Personnel SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE pectoralis major tendon rupture; military; surgical treatment; tendon repair; tendon reconstruction ID CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION; MUSCLE; INJURIES; TEARS; SPORT; DISABILITY; RETURN AB Background: Pectoralis major tendon ruptures are commonly described as rare injuries affecting men between 20 and 40 years of age, with generally excellent results after surgical repair. However, this perception is based on a relatively small number of case series and prospective studies in the orthopaedic literature. Purpose: To determine the incidence of pectoralis major tendon ruptures in the active-duty military population and the demographic risk factors for a rupture and to describe the outcomes of surgical treatment. Study Design: Case control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We utilized the Military Health System Data Repository (MDR) to identify all active-duty military personnel surgically treated for a pectoralis major tendon rupture between January 2012 and December 2014. Electronic medical records were searched for patients' demographic information, injury characteristics, and postoperative complications and outcomes. Risk factors for a rupture were calculated using Poisson regression, based on population counts obtained from the MDR. Risk factors for a postoperative complication, the need for revision surgery, and the inability to continue with active duty were determined using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression. Results: A total of 291 patients met inclusion criteria. The mean patient age was 30.5 years, all patients were male, and the median follow-up period was 18 months. The incidence of injuries was 60 per 100,000 person-years over the study period. Risk factors for a rupture included service in the Army, junior officer or junior enlisted rank, and age between 25 and 34 years. White race and surgery occurring >6 weeks after injury were significant risk factors for a postoperative complication. Among the 214 patients with a minimum of 12 months' clinical follow-up, 95.3% were able to return to military duty. Junior officer/enlisted status was a significant risk factor for failure to return to military duty. Conclusion: Among military personnel, Army soldiers and junior officer/enlisted rank were at highest risk of pectoralis major tendon ruptures, and junior personnel were at highest risk of being unable to return to duty after surgical treatment. Although increasing time from injury to surgery was not a risk factor for treatment failure or inability to return to duty, it did significantly increase the risk of a postoperative complication. C1 [Balazs, George C.; Brelin, Alaina M.; Donohue, Michael A.; Dworak, Theodora C.; Rue, John-Paul H.; Giuliani, Jeffrey R.; Dickens, Jonathan F.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Balazs, George C.; Brelin, Alaina M.; Donohue, Michael A.; Dworak, Theodora C.; Giuliani, Jeffrey R.; Dickens, Jonathan F.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Rue, John-Paul H.] US Naval Acad, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Naval Hlth Clin Annapolis, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Dickens, JF (reprint author), Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM jon.f.dickens@gmail.com OI Balazs, George/0000-0003-2822-2986 NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0363-5465 EI 1552-3365 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1837 EP 1843 DI 10.1177/0363546516637177 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA DR6MY UT WOS:000380017200029 PM 27037284 ER PT J AU Theurich, G DeLuca, C Campbell, T Liu, F Saint, K Vertenstein, M Chen, J Oehmke, R Doyle, J Whitcomb, T Wallcraft, A Iredell, M Black, T da Silva, AM Clune, T Ferraro, R Li, P Kelley, M Aleinov, I Balaji, V Zadeh, N Jacob, R Kirtman, B Giraldo, F McCarren, D Sandgathe, S Peckham, S Dunlap, R AF Theurich, Gerhard DeLuca, C. Campbell, T. Liu, F. Saint, K. Vertenstein, M. Chen, J. Oehmke, R. Doyle, J. Whitcomb, T. Wallcraft, A. Iredell, M. Black, T. da Silva, A. M. Clune, T. Ferraro, R. Li, P. Kelley, M. Aleinov, I. Balaji, V. Zadeh, N. Jacob, R. Kirtman, B. Giraldo, F. McCarren, D. Sandgathe, S. Peckham, S. Dunlap, R. TI THE EARTH SYSTEM PREDICTION SUITE Toward a Coordinated US Modeling Capability SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC SIMULATIONS; COUPLING TECHNOLOGIES; COAMPS-TC; CLIMATE; COMMUNITY; DESIGN; FRAMEWORK; ARCHITECTURE; DISSIPATION; WEATHER C1 [Theurich, Gerhard; Chen, J.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA USA. [DeLuca, C.; Oehmke, R.; Dunlap, R.] NOAA ESRL, Boulder, CO USA. [DeLuca, C.; Oehmke, R.; Dunlap, R.] CIRES, Boulder, CO USA. [Campbell, T.; Wallcraft, A.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Liu, F.; Saint, K.] Cherokee Serv Grp, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Vertenstein, M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO USA. [Doyle, J.; Whitcomb, T.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Iredell, M.; Black, T.] NOAA NWS NCEP Environm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD USA. [da Silva, A. M.; Clune, T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Ferraro, R.; Li, P.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Kelley, M.; Aleinov, I.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Balaji, V.; Zadeh, N.] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. [Balaji, V.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Zadeh, N.] Engil Inc, Princeton, NJ USA. [Jacob, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL USA. [Kirtman, B.] Univ Miami, Miami, FL USA. [Giraldo, F.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [McCarren, D.] Naval Meteorol & Oceanog, Naval Meteorol & Oceanog Command, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Sandgathe, S.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Peckham, S.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP DeLuca, C (reprint author), NOAA CIRES, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM cecelia.deluca@noaa.gov FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Computational Modeling Algorithms and Cyberinfrastructure program [NNX12AP51G, NNX16AB20G]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Modeling Analysis and Prediction program [NNX11AL82G]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate Program Office; National Weather Service [NA15OAR4310103, NA12OAR4320137]; Department of Defense Office of Naval Research [N00014-13-1-0508, N00014-13-1-0845]; High Performance Computing Modernization Program [PP-CWO-KY06-001-P3]; National Science Foundation [1343811]; Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, located in the National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory - Office of Science (BER) of the Department of Energy; NASA Center for Climate Simulation; NOAA Environmental Security Computer Center; Cooperative Institute for Climate Science, Princeton University from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce [NA080AR4320752] FX The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Computational Modeling Algorithms and Cyberinfrastructure program provides support for ESMF, the Cupid Integrated Development Environment, and integration of ESMF and the NUOPC Layer with ModelE (NNX12AP51G, NNX16AB20G). The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Modeling Analysis and Prediction program supports ESMF and the integration of ESMF and the NUOPC Layer with the GEOS-5 model (NNX11AL82G). The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate Program Office provides support for ESMF and the development of the Climate Forecast System using NUOPC Layer tools. The National Weather Service supports ESMF and NUOPC Layer development, and development of the Next Generation Global Prediction System using NUOPC Layer tools (NA15OAR4310103, NA12OAR4320137). The Department of Defense Office of Naval Research supports ESMF and NUOPC development, including adaption for emerging computer architectures, and the integration of the NUOPC Layer into the Community Earth System Model and Navy models (N00014-13-1-0508, N00014-13-1-0845). The High Performance Computing Modernization Program provides support for development of asynchronous I/O capabilities in ESMF (PP-CWO-KY06-001-P3). The National Science Foundation provided support for early development of ESMF and support for integration of hydrology and land components into NEMS (1343811). Computing resources for testing infrastructure and implementing it in applications were provided by the National Center for Atmospheric Research Computational and Information Systems Laboratory (CISL), sponsored by the National Science Foundation and other agencies; the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, located in the National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science (BER) of the Department of Energy; the NASA Center for Climate Simulation; and the NOAA Environmental Security Computer Center. V. Balaji is supported by the Cooperative Institute for Climate Science, Princeton University, under Award NA080AR4320752 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of Princeton University, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or the U.S. Department of Commerce. The authors thank Richard Rood and Anthony Craig for their insightful comments on the original manuscript, Donald Anderson for his guidance and advocacy, and Matthew Rothstein for his contributions to understanding the performance of NUOPC modeling applications. NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 97 IS 7 BP 1229 EP 1247 DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00164.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DT7GF UT WOS:000381654400014 ER PT J AU Coddington, O Lean, JL Pilewskie, P Snow, M Lindholm, D AF Coddington, O. Lean, J. L. Pilewskie, P. Snow, M. Lindholm, D. TI A SOLAR IRRADIANCE CLIMATE DATA RECORD SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID II SOLSTICE-II; SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE; ENERGY-BALANCE; VARIABILITY; INDEX; CYCLE; MONITOR; MISSION; DESIGN; BUDGET C1 [Coddington, O.; Pilewskie, P.; Snow, M.; Lindholm, D.] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, 3665 Discovery Dr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Lean, J. L.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Coddington, O (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, 3665 Discovery Dr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. EM odele.coddington@lasp.colorado.edu RI Coddington, Odele/F-6342-2012 OI Coddington, Odele/0000-0002-4338-7028 FU NOAA FX NOAA funded the development and transition of the Solar Irradiance Climate Data Record. NASA supported the construction of the NRLTSI2 and NRLS2 models as part of the SORCE program. The Solar Irradiance CDR team gratefully acknowledges Anand Inamdar, Philip Jones, and Daniel Wunder of NOAA/NCEI for their assistance in transitioning this climate data record to operations, and Bruce Kindel for his assistance with the MODTRAN5 simulations. We acknowledge three anonymous reviewers, whose comments and suggestions greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. NR 65 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 97 IS 7 BP 1265 EP 1282 DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00265.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DT7GF UT WOS:000381654400016 ER PT J AU Bell, AM AF Bell, Andrew M. TI Military Culture and Restraint toward Civilians in War: Examining the Ugandan Civil Wars SO SECURITY STUDIES LA English DT Article ID VIOLENCE; DEMOCRACY; POLITICS; LOGIC; NORMS; POWER AB What explains armed-group conduct toward civilians in war? The National Resistance Army (NRA) of Uganda demonstrated notable restraint toward civilians during its wars in northern Uganda in the 1980s, restraint that is puzzling given the overdetermined predictions for mass atrocity under rationalist, identity, and regime-type theories. Instead, the NRA case demonstrates that military culturethe organizational norms underlying combatant socializationis a primary determinant of armed-group behavior, influencing combatant conduct in ways not conceptualized under existing theories of victimization. This review of the NRA case, based on field interviews with Ugandan military officers and examinations of Ugandan documentary archives, reveals three key points regarding the role of military culture in effecting restraint. First, the NRA case shows that organizational factors like military culture can determine military behavior toward civilians. Second, it reveals that theories of military culture, incorporating both formal and informal mechanisms of combatant socialization, can provide a more complete theoretical account than existing theories of armed-group conduct. Finally, the NRA provides potential hypotheses for mechanisms through which culture influences military behavior. I analyze the effect of culture on the NRA's conduct as a plausibility probe, generating inductive insights drawn from detailed field research to shed light on the organizational drivers of armed-group restraint. The NRA case thus points the way to a reconceptualization of military culture and the role of organizational factors that influence conflict behavior. C1 [Bell, Andrew M.] George Washington Univ, Elliott Sch Int Affairs, Int Affairs, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Bell, Andrew M.] US Naval Acad, Stockdale Ctr Eth Leadership, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Bell, AM (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Elliott Sch Int Affairs, Int Affairs, Washington, DC 20052 USA.; Bell, AM (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Stockdale Ctr Eth Leadership, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. FU Bradley Foundation; Duke University FX I thank the Bradley Foundation and Duke University for research support. I am grateful for feedback and assistance from Alex Downes, Brent Durbin, Thomas Gift, Nathaniel Harris, Betsy Jordan-Bell, Daniel Krcmaric, Janet Lewis, Guillermo Trejo, and the anonymous reviewers for Security Studies. Finally, I thank the many people in Uganda who shared their time and kindness in assisting this research. All errors are my own. NR 143 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0963-6412 EI 1556-1852 J9 SECUR STUD JI Secur. Stud. PD JUL-SEP PY 2016 VL 25 IS 3 BP 488 EP 518 DI 10.1080/09636412.2016.1195626 PG 31 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA DR9OX UT WOS:000380227100004 ER PT J AU Poplawsky, JD Guo, W Paudel, N Ng, A More, K Leonard, D Yan, YF AF Poplawsky, Jonathan D. Guo, Wei Paudel, Naba Ng, Amy More, Karren Leonard, Donovan Yan, Yanfa TI Structural and compositional dependence of the CdTexSe1-x alloy layer photoactivity in CdTe-based solar cells SO Nature Communications LA English DT Article ID ATOM-PROBE TOMOGRAPHY; PSEUDOBINARY SYSTEM; 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATION; CADMIUM TELLURIDE; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; PHASE-DIAGRAM; THIN-FILMS; CDS AB The published external quantum efficiency data of the world-record CdTe solar cell suggests that the device uses bandgap engineering, most likely with a CdTexSe1-x alloy layer to increase the short-circuit current and overall device efficiency. Here atom probe tomography, transmission electron microscopy and electron beam-induced current are used to clarify the dependence of Se content on the photoactive properties of CdTexSe1-x alloy layers in bandgap-graded CdTe solar cells. Four solar cells were prepared with 50, 100, 200 and 400 nm-thick CdSe layers to reveal the formation, growth, composition, structure and photoactivity of the CdTexSe1-x alloy with respect to the degree of Se diffusion. The results show that the CdTexSe1-x layer photoactivity is highly dependent on the crystalline structure of the alloy (zincblende versus wurtzite), which is also dependent on the Se and Te concentrations. C1 [Poplawsky, Jonathan D.; Guo, Wei; More, Karren; Leonard, Donovan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Poplawsky, Jonathan D.; Guo, Wei; More, Karren; Leonard, Donovan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Paudel, Naba; Yan, Yanfa] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, McMaster Hall,2nd Floor Room 2017, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Ng, Amy] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem, Stevenson Ctr 7330, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Ng, Amy] US Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Poplawsky, JD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Poplawsky, JD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM poplawskyjd@ornl.gov FU US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Foundational Program to Advance Cell Efficiency [DE-FOA-0000492]; ORNL's Laboratory Directed Research and Development program FX This research was supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Foundational Program to Advance Cell Efficiency, grant number DE-FOA-0000492, and performed in part at ORNL's Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. J.P. was supported in part by ORNL's Laboratory Directed Research and Development program. We thank Dorothy Coffey and Shawn Reeves for specimen preparation. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 18 U2 24 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 7 AR 12537 DI 10.1038/ncomms12537 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DS2DX UT WOS:000380540000001 PM 27460872 ER PT J AU Tang, SM Smith, RK Montgomery, MT Gu, M AF Tang, Shengming Smith, Roger K. Montgomery, Michael T. Gu, Ming TI Numerical study of the spin-up of a tropical low over land during the Australian monsoon SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE tropical low; landphoon; agukabam; spin-up; intensification; spin-up mechanisms ID WARM-CORE; CYCLONE; CYCLOGENESIS; MODEL; SIMULATION; DEPRESSIONS; CONVECTION; VORTICES; DYNAMICS; BUDGET AB An analysis of numerical simulations of tropical low intensification over land is presented. The simulations are carried out using the MM5 mesoscale model with initial and boundary conditions provided by ECMWF analyses. Seven simulations are discussed: a control simulation, five sensitivity simulations in which the initial moisture availability is varied, and one simulation in which the coupling between moisture availability is suppressed. Changing the initial moisture availability adds a stochastic element to the development of deep convection. The results are interpreted in terms of the classical axisymmetric paradigm for tropical cyclone intensification with recent modifications. Spin-up over land is favoured by the development of deep convection near the centre of the low circulation. As for tropical cyclones over sea, this convection leads to an overturning circulation that draws absolute angular momentum surfaces inwards in the lower troposphere leading to spin-up of the tangential winds above the boundary layer. The intensification takes place within a moist monsoonal environment, which appears to be sufficient to support sporadic deep convection. A moisture budget for two mesoscale columns of air encompassing the storm shows that the horizontal import of moisture is roughly equal to the moisture lost by precipitation. Overall, surface moisture fluxes make a small quantitative contribution to the budget although, near the circulation centre, these fluxes appear to play an important role in generating local conditional instability. Suppressing the effect of rainfall on the moisture availability has little effect on the evolution of the low, presumably because, at any one time, deep convection is not sufficiently widespread. C1 [Tang, Shengming; Gu, Ming] Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Smith, Roger K.] Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany. [Montgomery, Michael T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. RP Smith, RK (reprint author), Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany. EM roger.smith@lmu.de FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [91215302, 90715040]; State Key Lab. of Disaster Reduction in Civil Eng. [SLDRCE15-A-04]; German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) [SM30-23]; Office of Naval Research Global [N62909-15-1-N021]; NSF [AGS-1313948]; NOAA HFIP [N0017315WR00048]; NASA [NNG11PK021]; US Naval Postgraduate School FX We are grateful to our colleague Gerard Kilroy, who gave generous help to the first author in setting up and running the MM5 model. We are grateful also to Hongyan Zhu and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments on the original version of the submitted manuscript. ST and MG gratefully acknowledge financial supports for this research from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91215302, 90715040), Key project of State Key Lab. of Disaster Reduction in Civil Eng. (SLDRCE15-A-04), RKS acknowledges support from the German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) under grant number SM30-23 and the Office of Naval Research Global under grant No. N62909-15-1-N021. MTM acknowledges the support of NSF grant AGS-1313948, NOAA HFIP grant N0017315WR00048, NASA grant NNG11PK021 and the US Naval Postgraduate School. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-9009 EI 1477-870X J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 142 IS 698 BP 2021 EP 2032 DI 10.1002/qj.2797 PN A PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DS7CT UT WOS:000380941100012 ER PT J AU Smith, RK Montgomery, MT AF Smith, Roger K. Montgomery, Michael T. TI The efficiency of diabatic heating and tropical cyclone intensification SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE hurricane; tropical cyclone; typhoon; boundary layer; vortex intensification; spin-up efficiency ID HURRICANE BOUNDARY-LAYER; INERTIAL STABILITY; MODEL; CORE; DYNAMICS AB Widely held arguments attributing the increasingly rapid intensification of tropical cyclones to the increasing efficiency' of diabatic heating in the cyclone's inner core region associated with deep convection are examined. The efficiency, in essence the amount of temperature warming compared with the amount of latent heat released, is argued to increase as the vortex strengthens on account of the strengthening inertial stability. Another aspect of the efficiency ideas concerns the location of the heating in relation to the radius of maximum tangential wind speed, with heating inside this radius seen to be more efficient in rapidly developing a warm-core thermal structure and, presumably, a rapid increase in the tangential wind. A more direct interpretation of the increased spin-up rate is offered when the diabatic heating is located inside the radius of maximum tangential wind speed. Further, we draw attention to the limitations of assuming a fixed diabatic heating rate as the vortex intensifies and offer reasons, on these grounds alone, as to why it is questionable to apply the efficiency argument to interpret the results of observations or numerical model simulations of tropical cyclones. Moreover, since the spin-up of the maximum tangential winds in a tropical cyclone takes place in the boundary layer and the spin-up of the eyewall is a result of the vertical advection of high angular momentum from the boundary layer, it is questionable also whether deductions about efficiency in theories that neglect the boundary-layer dynamics and thermodynamics are relevant to reality. C1 [Smith, Roger K.] Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany. [Montgomery, Michael T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. RP Smith, RK (reprint author), Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany. EM roger.smith@lmu.de FU German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) [SM30/23-3, SM30/23-4]; Office of Naval Research Global [N62909-15-1-N021]; NSF [AGS-1313948]; NOAA HFIP [N0017315WR00048]; NASA [NNG11PK021]; US Naval Postgraduate School FX We thank Brian Mapes, Rich Rotunno, Wayne Schubert and two anonymous reviewers for their penetrating comments on the original version of the manuscript. RKS acknowledges financial support for this research from the German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) under Grant numbers SM30/23-3 and SM30/23-4 and the Office of Naval Research Global under Grant No. N62909-15-1-N021. MTM acknowledges the support of NSF grant AGS-1313948, NOAA HFIP grant N0017315WR00048, NASA grant NNG11PK021 and the US Naval Postgraduate School. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not represent sponsoring agencies or institutions. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-9009 EI 1477-870X J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 142 IS 698 BP 2081 EP 2086 DI 10.1002/qj.2804 PN A PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DS7CT UT WOS:000380941100016 ER PT J AU McLay, JG Reynolds, CA Satterfield, E Hodyss, D AF McLay, J. G. Reynolds, C. A. Satterfield, E. Hodyss, D. TI Changes to intrinsic weather forecast uncertainty in one scenario of extreme future climate SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE weather; forecast; uncertainty; extreme; climate; ensemble; RCP8.5 ID ANALYSIS-PERTURBATION SCHEME; SINGULAR-VECTOR GROWTH; EL-NINO; MESOSCALE PREDICTABILITY; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; ENSEMBLE PREDICTION; NORTH PACIFIC; CMIP5 MODELS; SYSTEM; VARIABILITY AB Future extreme climate scenarios may harbour flows that have notably different intrinsic uncertainty from those of the present day. Here, ensemble perturbation analysis is used to explore this possibility for tropospheric flow on weather time-scales for a climate scenario from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Climate Modeling System version 4 (CCSM4). Statistically significant changes are found in terms of basic uncertainty metrics including ensemble-average perturbation total energy, ensemble variance, and the growth rate of perturbation total energy and ensemble variance. Strong seasonal, geographic, and vertical variation in the changes are observed. For the winter season, the poles and the jet levels are regions that exhibit notable increases in ensemble uncertainty under the extreme scenario. These increases are accompanied in some cases by substantially larger peak growth rates. For the summer season, there are prominent increases in uncertainty under the extreme scenario in terms of moist metrics. Meanwhile, there are noteworthy reductions in uncertainty for many synoptic variables. These changes in uncertainty properties are accompanied by significant changes in measures of both baroclinic and convective flow stability. Collectively, the results suggest the changes in intrinsic uncertainty under the extreme climate scenario have a fairly nuanced character. Since the CCSM4 exhibits one of the lowest climate sensitivities of available climate models, the results define a conservative estimate of the changes to intrinsic uncertainty that might be expected from extreme climate change. C1 [McLay, J. G.; Reynolds, C. A.; Satterfield, E.; Hodyss, D.] Naval Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP McLay, JG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM justin.mclay@nrlmry.navy.mil OI Reynolds, Carolyn/0000-0003-4690-4171 FU [0601153N] FX This study was supported by the Chief of Naval Research (Program Element 0601153N). The DoD High Performance Computing program at NAVO DSRC provided the computing resources. Two anonymous reviewers are thanked for their constructive comments. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-9009 EI 1477-870X J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 142 IS 698 BP 2102 EP 2118 DI 10.1002/qj.2806 PN A PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DS7CT UT WOS:000380941100018 ER PT J AU Guenthner, AJ Ramirez, SM Ford, MD Soto, D Boatz, JA Ghiassi, KB Mabry, JM AF Guenthner, Andrew J. Ramirez, Sean M. Ford, Michael D. Soto, Denisse Boatz, Jerry A. Ghiassi, Kamran B. Mabry, Joseph M. TI Organic Crystal Engineering of Thermosetting Cyanate Ester Monomers: Influence of Structure on Melting Point SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Article ID 4 PHENYLENE RINGS; POLYCYANURATE BLENDS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; BISPHENOL-A; RESINS; DICYANATE; NETWORKS; POLYMERIZATION; STABILITY; LIQUID AB Key principles needed for the rational design of thermosetting monomer crystals, in order to control the melting point, have been elucidated using both theoretical and experimental investigations of cyanate esters. A determination of the thermodynamic properties associated with melting showed that the substitution of silicon for the central quaternary carbon in the di(cyanate ester), 2,2-bis(4-cyanatophenyl)propane, resulted in an increase in the entropy of melting along with a decrease in the enthalpy of melting, leading to a decrease in the melting temperature of 21.8 +/- 0.2 K. In contrast, the analogous silicon substitution in the tri(cyanate ester), 1,1,1-tris(4-cyanatophenyl)ethane, resulted in no significant changes to the enthalpy and entropy of melting, accompanied by a small increase of 1.5 +/- 0.3 K in the melting point. The crystal structure of 1,1,1-tris(4-cyanatophenyl)ethane was determined via single crystal X-ray diffraction, and the structures of these four di(cyanate esters) and tri(cyanate esters) were examined. Although both the empirical models of Lian and Yalkowsky, as well as Chickos and Acree, provided reasonable estimates of the entropy of melting of 2,2-bis(4-cyanatophenyl)propane, they successfully predicted only certain effects of silicon substitution and did not capture the difference in behavior between the di(cyanate esters) and the tri(cyanate esters). Semiempirical molecular modeling, however, helped to validate an explanation of the mechanism for the increase in the entropy of melting of the silicon-containing di(cyanate ester), while providing insight into the reason for the difference in behavior between the di(cyanate esters) and tri(cyanate esters). Taken together, the results assist in understanding how freedom of molecular motions in the liquid state may control the entropy of melting and can be utilized to guide the development of compounds with optimal melting characteristics for high-performance applications. C1 [Guenthner, Andrew J.; Boatz, Jerry A.; Ghiassi, Kamran B.; Mabry, Joseph M.] Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. [Ramirez, Sean M.; Ford, Michael D.] ERC Inc, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. [Soto, Denisse] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head EOD Technol Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Guenthner, AJ (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Aerosp Syst Directorate, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. EM andrew.guenthner@us.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Air Force Research Laboratory FX The support of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Air Force Research Laboratory are gratefully acknowledged. We also acknowledge the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program for allocations on the Cray XE6m Open Research System located at the ERDC DSRC. The authors thank Dr. Suresh Suri of the Air Force Research Laboratory, Propellants Branch, Dr. Matthew Davis of the Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division, and Ms. Vandana Vij of ERC Incorporated (Air Force Research Laboratory) for synthesis of SiMCy, ESR-255, and SiCy-3. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 EI 1528-7505 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 16 IS 7 BP 4082 EP 4093 DI 10.1021/acs.cgd.6b00612 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA DQ8JJ UT WOS:000379456700066 ER PT J AU Urick, VJ Diehl, JF McKinney, JD Singley, JM Sunderman, CE AF Urick, Vincent J. Diehl, John F. McKinney, Jason D. Singley, Joseph M. Sunderman, Christopher E. TI Nonlinear Optical Angle Modulation for Suppression of RF Interference SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE Interference suppression; microwave photonics; optical modulation; optical signal processing; phase modulation ID PHASE MODULATION; MITIGATION; LINKS AB A new optical technique for suppression of electronic interference is detailed theoretically and experimentally. The method is based on operating an angle-modulated photonic link in its nonlinear regime, where Bessel functions govern the response. This novel signal-processing technique is analyzed for optical intensity and phase modulation. Experimental results demonstrate suppression of continuous-wave, pulsed, and chirped signals at levels ranging from at least 30 dB to upwards of 70 dB relative to small-signal conditions. C1 [Urick, Vincent J.; Diehl, John F.; McKinney, Jason D.; Singley, Joseph M.; Sunderman, Christopher E.] US Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Urick, VJ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vincent.urick@nrl.navy.mil NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9480 EI 1557-9670 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 64 IS 7 BP 2198 EP 2204 DI 10.1109/TMTT.2016.2549521 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DR7YF UT WOS:000380114900024 ER PT J AU Chen, PJ Iunin, YL Cheng, SF Shull, RD AF Chen, P. J. Iunin, Y. L. Cheng, S. F. Shull, R. D. TI Underlayer Effect on Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy in Co20Fe60B20/MgO Films SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Joint Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (MMM)/Intermag Conference CY JAN 11-15, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Inst Phys, IEEE Magnet soc DE Anisotropy CoFeB; magnetic tunneling junction; MgO; perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA); underlayer ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; MAGNETORESISTANCE; MULTILAYERS AB Perpendicular magnetic tunneling junctions with Ta\CoFeB\MgO have been extensively studied in recent years. However, the effects of the underlayer on the formation of the CoFeB perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) are still not well understood. Here, we report the results of our systematic use of a wide range of elements (Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, and Au) encompassed by columns IVA, VA, VIA, VIIA, and VIIIA of the periodic table as the underlayer in an underlayer\Co20Fe60B20\MgO stack. Our goals were to survey more elements that could conceivably create a PMA in CoFeB and thereby to explore the mechanisms enabling these underlayers to enhance or create the PMA. We found that underlayer elements having an outer shell of both 4d electrons (Zr, Nb Mo, and Pd) and 5d electrons (Hf, Ta, W, Re, Ir, and Pt) resulted in the development of a PMA in the MgO-capped Co20Fe60B20. Hybridization between the 3d electrons of the Fe or Co (in the Co20Fe60B20) at the interface with the 4d or 5d electrons of the underlayer is thought to be the cause of the PMA development. C1 [Chen, P. J.; Iunin, Y. L.; Shull, R. D.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Iunin, Y. L.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Moscow 142432, Russia. [Cheng, S. F.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chen, PJ (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM pchen@nist.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 20 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 EI 1941-0069 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 52 IS 7 AR 4400504 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2015.2511662 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA DR5EC UT WOS:000379924800108 ER PT J AU Della Torre, E Jamali, A ElBidweihy, H Bennett, LH AF Della Torre, Edward Jamali, Ali ElBidweihy, Hatem Bennett, Lawrence H. TI Vector Magnetization of a Distribution of Uniaxial Particles SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Joint Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (MMM)/Intermag Conference CY JAN 11-15, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Inst Phys, IEEE Magnet soc DE Hysteresis modeling; vector magnetization ID MODELS AB A model for the vector magnetization of a distribution of uniaxial particles is presented. Recent work by the authors decomposed the magnetization into two components and modeled the total vector magnetization as their vector sum. Anisotropy could be ideally modeled as a constant field, but this leads to a model of unidirectional anisotropy. Considering uniaxial media, such approach will only be valid for small angles. Hence, in this paper, a model is proposed that calculates the total magnetization of a distribution of uniaxial particles as the vector sum of irreversible and reversible components. The magnitude of the irreversible component is modeled using a Preisach differential-equation approach; however, other valid models can be used. The direction of the reversible component is modeled using the minimum energy approach of the classical Stoner-Wohlfarth model. The final result of the model is an unsymmetrical lag-angle plot for intermediate applied field values, which is consistent with the measurements. C1 [Della Torre, Edward; Jamali, Ali; Bennett, Lawrence H.] George Washington Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [ElBidweihy, Hatem] US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP ElBidweihy, H (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM elbidwei@usna.edu NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 EI 1941-0069 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 52 IS 7 AR 7300904 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2016.2525831 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA DR5EC UT WOS:000379924800139 ER PT J AU Prak, DJL Lee, BG AF Prak, Dianne J. Luning Lee, Bridget G. TI Density, Viscosity, Speed of Sound, Bulk Modulus, Surface Tension, and Flash Point of Binary Mixtures of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene and Trans-decahydronaphthalene SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA LA English DT Article ID HYDROTREATED RENEWABLE DIESEL; LIQUID-MIXTURES; N-HEXADECANE; SURROGATE MIXTURE; 373.15 K; 0.1 MPA; THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; EXCESS VOLUMES; HIGH-PRESSURE; JET FUEL AB In this work, the properties of mixtures of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene and trans-decahydronaphthalene were measured. Density and viscosity were measured at temperatures ranging from (293.15 to 373.15) K, and speed of sound was measured at temperatures ranging from (293.15 to 333.15) K. For the mixtures, increasing the mole fraction of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene and decreasing the temperature caused increases in density, speed of sound, bulk modulus, flash point, and surface tension. Mixture viscosities were lower than those of either component. Bulk moduli ranged from (1323 to 2092) MPa over (293.15 to 333.15) K. At room temperature, surface tensions ranged from (30.5 to 35.0) mN.m(-1), and flash points ranged from (328.7 to 343.1) K. The density, speed of sound, and bulk modulus of hydrodepolymerized cellulosic diesel (HDCD) can be matched by mixtures of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene and trans-decahydronaphthalene. The flash point and viscosity of HDCD are higher than those of the mixtures, while its surface tension is lower than those of the mixtures. If combustion is more sensitive to density, speed of sound, and flash point and less sensitive to viscosity, flash point, and surface tension, then a surrogate mixture for HDCD could contain 1,2,3,4tetrahydronaphthalene and trans-decahydronaphthalene. C1 [Prak, Dianne J. Luning; Lee, Bridget G.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, 572M Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Prak, DJL (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, 572M Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM prak@usna.edu OI Luning Prak, Dianne/0000-0002-5589-7287 FU Office of Naval Research; Kinnear Fellowship FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research and a Kinnear Fellowship awarded to DJLP. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9568 J9 J CHEM ENG DATA JI J. Chem. Eng. Data PD JUL PY 2016 VL 61 IS 7 BP 2371 EP 2379 DI 10.1021/acs.jced.5b01075 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA DR6CB UT WOS:000379988600021 ER PT J AU Hodyss, D Campbell, WF Whitaker, JS AF Hodyss, Daniel Campbell, William F. Whitaker, Jeffrey S. TI Observation-Dependent Posterior Inflation for the Ensemble Kalman Filter SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID ADAPTIVE COVARIANCE INFLATION; DATA ASSIMILATION; ERRORS AB Ensemble-based Kalman filter (EBKF) algorithms are known to produce posterior ensembles whose variance is incorrect for a variety of reasons (e.g., nonlinearity and sampling error). It is shown here that the presence of sampling error implies that the true posterior error variance is a function of the latest observation, as opposed to the standard EBKF, whose posterior variance is independent of observations. In addition, it is shown that the traditional ensemble validation tool known as the "binned spread-skill'' diagram does not correctly identify this issue in the ensemble generation step of the EBKF, leading to an overly optimistic impression of the relationship between posterior variance and squared error. An updated ensemble validation tool is described that reveals the incorrect relationship between mean squared error (MSE) and ensemble variance, and gives an unbiased evaluation of the posterior variances from EBKF algorithms. Last, a new inflation method is derived that accounts for sampling error and correctly yields posterior error variances that depend on the latest observation. The new method has very little computational overhead, does not require access to the observations, and is simple to use in any serial or global EBKF. C1 [Hodyss, Daniel; Campbell, William F.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Whitaker, Jeffrey S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA. RP Hodyss, D (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM daniel.hodyss@nrlmry.navy.mil FU NRL Base Program [PE 0601153N] FX We thank Jeff Anderson for helpful and insightful comments on this work. This research is supported by the Chief of Naval Research through the NRL Base Program, PE 0601153N. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 144 IS 7 BP 2667 EP 2684 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0329.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DR4BZ UT WOS:000379847800008 ER PT J AU Mitchell, KS Porter, B Boyko, EJ Field, AE AF Mitchell, K. S. Porter, B. Boyko, E. J. Field, A. E. TI Longitudinal Associations Among Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Disordered Eating, and Weight Gain in Military Men and Women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE binge eating; eating disorders; military; obesity ID COMORBIDITY SURVEY-REPLICATION; MILLENNIUM COHORT; ADULT OBESITY; US MILITARY; HEALTH; PREVALENCE; QUESTIONNAIRE; PREDICTORS; ENROLLMENT; VETERANS AB Obesity is a major health problem in the United States and a growing concern among members of the military. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been associated with overweight and obesity and may increase the risk of those conditions among military service members. Disordered eating behaviors have also been associated with PTSD and weight gain. However, eating disorders remain understudied in military samples. We investigated longitudinal associations among PTSD, disordered eating, and weight gain in the Millennium Cohort Study, which includes a nationally representative sample of male (italic toggle="yes"n = 27,741) and female (italic toggle="yes"n = 6,196) service members. PTSD at baseline (time 1; 2001-2003) was associated with disordered eating behaviors at time 2 (2004-2006), as well as weight change from time 2 to time 3 (2007-2008). Structural equation modeling results revealed that the association between PTSD and weight change from time 2 to time 3 was mediated by disordered eating symptoms. The association between PTSD and weight gain resulting from compensatory behaviors (vomiting, laxative use, fasting, overexercise) was significant for white participants only and for men but not women. PTSD was both directly and indirectly (through disordered eating) associated with weight change. These results highlight potentially important demographic differences in these associations and emphasize the need for further investigation of eating disorders in military service members. C1 [Mitchell, K. S.] VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Natl Ctr PTSD, Boston, MA USA. [Mitchell, K. S.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Porter, B.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, San Diego, CA USA. [Porter, B.] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. [Boyko, E. J.] VA Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Field, A. E.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Div Adolescent Med, Boston, MA USA. [Field, A. E.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA. [Field, A. E.] Harvard Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA USA. [Field, A. E.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Div Network Med, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Mitchell, KS (reprint author), Boston Univ, Natl Ctr PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat,Sch Med, 150 S Huntington Ave 116B-3, Boston, MA 02130 USA. EM Karen.Mitchell5@va.gov FU Bureau of Medicine and Surgery [60002]; Military Operational Medicine Research Program, United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (Fort Detrick, Maryland); National Institutes of Health [K01MH093750, P30DK017047] FX This work represents report 15-25 supported by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, under Work Unit No. 60002. The Millennium Cohort Study is funded through the Military Operational Medicine Research Program, United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (Fort Detrick, Maryland). National Institutes of Health grants K01MH093750 (to K.S.M.) and P30DK017047 (E.J.B.) supported the work of individual authors. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 184 IS 1 BP 33 EP 47 DI 10.1093/aje/kwv291 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR2UV UT WOS:000379760300005 PM 27283146 ER PT J AU Vorontsov, MA Lachinova, SL Majumdar, AK AF Vorontsov, Mikhail A. Lachinova, Svetlana L. Majumdar, Arun K. TI Target-in-the-loop remote sensing of laser beam and atmospheric turbulence characteristics SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID BASIC CONSIDERATIONS; WAVE-PROPAGATION; SIMULATION; PROJECTION; MEDIA AB A new target-in-the-loop (TIL) atmospheric sensing concept for in situ remote measurements of major laser beam characteristics and atmospheric turbulence parameters is proposed and analyzed numerically. The technique is based on utilization of an integral relationship between complex amplitudes of the counterpropagating optical waves known as overlapping integral or interference metric, whose value is preserved along the propagation path. It is shown that the interference metric can be directly measured using the proposed TIL sensing system composed of a single-mode fiber-based optical transceiver and a remotely located retro-target. The measured signal allows retrieval of key beam and atmospheric turbulence characteristics including scintillation index and the path-integrated refractive index structure parameter. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Vorontsov, Mikhail A.; Lachinova, Svetlana L.] Optonicus, 711 East Monument Ave,Suite 101, Dayton, OH 45402 USA. [Vorontsov, Mikhail A.] Univ Dayton, Sch Engn, Intelligent Opt Lab, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Majumdar, Arun K.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, 1900 N Knox Rd,Mail Stop 6302, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Vorontsov, MA (reprint author), Optonicus, 711 East Monument Ave,Suite 101, Dayton, OH 45402 USA.; Vorontsov, MA (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Sch Engn, Intelligent Opt Lab, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. EM mvorontsov1@udayton.edu FU Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) [N68936-13-C-0097]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-12-1-0449] FX Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) (N68936-13-C-0097); Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (FA9550-12-1-0449). NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 19 BP 5172 EP 5179 DI 10.1364/AO.55.005172 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA DR1TH UT WOS:000379687300029 PM 27409206 ER PT J AU DiComo, G Helle, M Penano, J Ting, A Schmitt-Sody, A Elle, J AF DiComo, Gregory Helle, Michael Penano, Joe Ting, Antonio Schmitt-Sody, Andreas Elle, Jennifer TI Implementation of a long range, distributed-volume, continuously variable turbulence generator SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS; ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; AIR; PROPAGATION; GUIDE AB We have constructed a 180-m-long distributed, continuously variable atmospheric turbulence generator to study high-power laser beam propagation. This turbulence generator operates on the principle of free convection from a heated surface placed below the entire propagation path of the beam, similar to the situation in long-distance horizontal propagation for laser communications, power beaming, or directed energy applications. The turbulence produced by this generator has been characterized through constant-temperature anemometry, as well as by the scintillation of a low-power laser beam. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [DiComo, Gregory; Ting, Antonio] Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [DiComo, Gregory] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Helle, Michael; Penano, Joe; Ting, Antonio] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schmitt-Sody, Andreas; Elle, Jennifer] US Air Force Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87101 USA. RP DiComo, G (reprint author), Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.; DiComo, G (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM gregory.dicomo.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); High Energy Laser-Joint Technology Office (HEL-JTO); U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX Office of Naval Research (ONR); High Energy Laser-Joint Technology Office (HEL-JTO); U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 55 IS 19 BP 5192 EP 5197 DI 10.1364/AO.55.005192 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA DR1TH UT WOS:000379687300032 PM 27409209 ER PT J AU Anderson, TJ Wheeler, VD Shahin, DI Tadjer, MJ Koehler, AD Hobart, KD Christou, A Kub, FJ Eddy, CR AF Anderson, Travis J. Wheeler, Virginia D. Shahin, David I. Tadjer, Marko J. Koehler, Andrew D. Hobart, Karl D. Christou, Aris Kub, Francis J. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. TI Enhancement mode AlGaN/GaN MOS high-electron-mobility transistors with ZrO2 gate dielectric deposited by atomic layer deposition SO APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; POWER DEVICES; HEMTS; DENSITY; VOLTAGE; W/MM; FILM AB Advanced applications of AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) in high-power RF and power switching are driving the need for insulated gate technology. We present a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) gate structure using atomic-layer- deposited ZrO2 as a high-k, high-breakdown gate dielectric for reduced gate leakage and a recessed barrier structure for enhancement mode operation. Compared to a Schottky metal-gate HEMT, the recessed MOS-HEMT structure demonstrated a reduction in the gate leakage current by 4 orders of magnitude and a threshold voltage shift of +6V to a record +3.99V, enabled by a combination of a recessed barrier structure and negative oxide charge. (C) 2016 The Japan Society of Applied Physics C1 [Anderson, Travis J.; Wheeler, Virginia D.; Tadjer, Marko J.; Koehler, Andrew D.; Hobart, Karl D.; Kub, Francis J.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Shahin, David I.; Christou, Aris] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Anderson, TJ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM travis.anderson@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors are sincerely grateful to NRL staff members Dean St. Amand and Walter Spratt for cleanroom equipment support. Work at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 19 U2 49 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1882-0778 EI 1882-0786 J9 APPL PHYS EXPRESS JI Appl. Phys. Express PD JUL PY 2016 VL 9 IS 7 AR 071003 DI 10.7567/APEX.9.071003 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DQ6JF UT WOS:000379310000003 ER PT J AU Shanks, GD Burroughs, SA Sohn, JD Waters, NC Smith, VF Waller, M Brundage, JF AF Shanks, G. D. Burroughs, S. A. Sohn, J. D. Waters, N. C. Smith, V. F. Waller, M. Brundage, J. F. TI Enhanced risk of illness during the 1918 influenza pandemic after previous influenza-like illnesses in three military populations SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE influenza; military; mortality; 1918 pandemic ID MORTALITY AB The reasons for the unprecedented mortality during the 1918 influenza pandemic remain poorly understood. We examined morbidity records from three military cohorts from years prior to and during the 1918 pandemic period to assess the effects of previous respiratory illnesses on experiences during the pandemic. Clinical registers and morbidity lists were examined to identify all medical encounters for acute respiratory illnesses in students at two U.S. military officer training academies and Australian soldiers deployed in Europe. Influenza-like illness prior to the major pandemic wave of 1918 predisposed Australian soldiers [relative risk (RR) 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18-1.60, P < 0.0001] and US officer trainees at West Point (RR 3.10, 95% CI 2.13-4.52, P < 0.0001) and Annapolis (RR 2.03, 95% CI 1.65-2.50, P < 0.0001) to increased risks of medically treated illnesses in late 1918. The findings suggest that susceptibility to and/or clinical expressions of the 1918 pandemic influenza virus depended on previous experiences with respiratory infectious agents. The findings are consistent with observations during the 2009 pandemic in Canada and may reflect antibody-dependent enhancement of influenza infection. C1 [Shanks, G. D.] Australian Army Malaria Inst, Enoggera, Australia. [Shanks, G. D.; Waller, M.] Univ Queensland, Sch Publ Hlth, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Burroughs, S. A.; Waters, N. C.] US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, West Point, NY USA. [Sohn, J. D.; Smith, V. F.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD USA. [Brundage, J. F.] Armed Forces Hlth Surveillance Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Shanks, GD (reprint author), Australian Army Malaria Inst, Enoggera, Qld 4051, Australia. EM dennis.shanks@defence.gov.au RI Waller, Michael/R-6231-2016 OI Waller, Michael/0000-0002-1050-4574 FU Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (GEIS) at the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center of the U.S. Department of Defense FX The Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (GEIS) at the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center of the U.S. Department of Defense provided funding for this project. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 144 IS 10 BP 2043 EP 2048 DI 10.1017/S0950268816000479 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DR3EO UT WOS:000379785600003 PM 26957052 ER PT J AU Frantz, JA Myers, JD Bekele, RY Nguyen, VQ Sadowski, BM Maximenko, SI Lumb, MP Walters, RJ Sanghera, JS AF Frantz, Jesse A. Myers, Jason D. Bekele, Robel Y. Nguyen, Vinh Q. Sadowski, Bryan M. Maximenko, Sergey I. Lumb, Matthew P. Walters, Robert J. Sanghera, Jasbinder S. TI Quaternary Sputtered Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 Absorbers for Photovoltaics: A Review SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Review DE Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGS); impurities; photovoltaic (PV) cells; sputtering ID FILM SOLAR-CELLS; CUINSE2 THIN-FILMS; CU-IN-GA; HIGH-EFFICIENCY; SINGLE-TARGET; SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY; MULTICOMPONENT MATERIALS; PREFERRED ORIENTATION; 20-PERCENT EFFICIENCY; GRAIN-GROWTH AB Quaternary sputtering is a promising alternative to more established deposition methods for the fabrication of Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGS) thin films for photovoltaics (PV). In this technique, a single sputtering target containing all four constituents is employed to deposit the CIGS film. Quaternary sputtering offers several advantages over other deposition methods, including excellent uniformity over large areas, high material usage, and less reliance on toxic Se precursors such as H-2 Se. Despite these advantages, several drawbacks remain. To date, devices fabricated by quaternary sputtering without additional selenization have been limited in efficiency to about 11%, and realizing bandgap grading in order to match the performance of the best evaporated devices presents a challenge. We discuss the prospects for quaternary sputtering as a fabrication technique for CIGS and highlight areas of research that may result in improved performance. Target fabrication and usage is reviewed. We also present results for films and devices including data for the optical constants of sputtered CIGS. Some recent previously unpublished results, including a study of impurities in CIGS sputtering targets and the first demonstration of a CIGS device on a flexible glass substrate, are discussed C1 [Frantz, Jesse A.; Myers, Jason D.; Nguyen, Vinh Q.; Maximenko, Sergey I.; Walters, Robert J.; Sanghera, Jasbinder S.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bekele, Robel Y.] Univ Res Fdn, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Sadowski, Bryan M.] Sotera Def Solut, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Lumb, Matthew P.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Frantz, JA (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jesse.frantz@nrl.navy.mil; jason.myers@nrl.navy.mil; robel.bekele.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; vinh.nguyen@nrl.navy.mil; bryan.sadowski.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; sergey.maximenko@nrl.navy.mil; matthew.lumb.ctr.uk@nrl.navy.mil; robert.walters@nrl.navy.mil; jasbinder.sanghera@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Sunlight Photonics, Inc.; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [25-03796, 25-03797]; New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO); International RD and Demonstration Project on Robotics Field (USA)/RD on Disaster Response Robot Simulator based on the Choreonoid FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and Sunlight Photonics, Inc. This research is partially supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows (25-03796 and 25-03797) and the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) and the International RD and Demonstration Project on Robotics Field (USA)/the RD on Disaster Response Robot Simulator based on the Choreonoid framework. NR 107 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 33 U2 66 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3381 J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT JI IEEE J. Photovolt. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 6 IS 4 BP 1036 EP 1050 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2016.2566883 PG 15 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA DR1WS UT WOS:000379696200035 ER PT J AU He, ZF Mao, SW Kompella, S AF He, Zhifeng Mao, Shiwen Kompella, Sastry TI Quality of Experience Driven Multi-User Video Streaming in Cellular Cognitive Radio Networks With Single Channel Access SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA LA English DT Article DE Quality of experience (QoE); cognitive radio network (CRN); decomposition; multi-user video streaming; optimization ID WIRELESS NETWORKS; SPECTRUM ACCESS; MOBILE VIDEO; ALLOCATION; SERVICES AB We investigate the problem of streaming multi-user videos over the downlink of a cognitive radio network (CRN), where each cognitive user (CU) can access one channel at a time. We first consider the case where each CU can sense one channel at a time slot at most. To make the problem tractable, we tackle the optimal spectrum sensing and access problems separately and develop matching-based optimal algorithms to the subproblems, which yield an overall suboptimal solution. We then consider the case where each CU can sense multiple channels. We show that under the assumption that all the spectrum sensors work on the same operating point, a two-step approach can derive the optimal spectrum sensing and access policies that maximize the quality of experience (QoE) of the streaming videos. The superior performance of the proposed approaches is validated with simulations and comparisons with benchmark schemes, where a performance gain from 25% to 30% is demonstrated. C1 [He, Zhifeng; Mao, Shiwen] Auburn Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Kompella, Sastry] Naval Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP He, ZF (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM zzh0008@tigermail.auburn.edu; smao@ieee.org; sk@ieee.org OI Mao, Shiwen/0000-0002-7052-0007 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [CNS-0953513]; Wireless Engineering Research and Education Center at Auburn University FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant CNS-0953513, and in part by the Wireless Engineering Research and Education Center at Auburn University. This work was presented in part at IEEE GLOBECOM 2014, Austin, TX, USA, December 2014. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Prof. Maria Martini. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1520-9210 EI 1941-0077 J9 IEEE T MULTIMEDIA JI IEEE Trans. Multimedia PD JUL PY 2016 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1401 EP 1413 DI 10.1109/TMM.2016.2564104 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA DR2RW UT WOS:000379752600015 ER PT J AU Paparella, F Bacelli, G Paulmeno, A Mouring, SE Ringwood, JV AF Paparella, Francesco Bacelli, Giorgio Paulmeno, Andrew Mouring, Sarah E. Ringwood, John V. TI Multibody Modelling of Wave Energy Converters Using Pseudo-Spectral Methods With Application to a Three-Body Hinge-Barge Device SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Multi-body wave energy converters; pseudo-spectral methods; model-based control ID CONSTRAINED MECHANICAL SYSTEMS; SPARSITY-ORIENTED APPROACH; DYNAMIC ANALYSIS; EQUATIONS; DESIGN AB Multibody wave energy converters are composed of several bodies interconnected by joints. Two different formulations are adopted to describe the dynamics of multibody systems: the differential and algebraic equations (DAEs) formulation, and the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) formulation. While the number of variables required for the description of the dynamics of a multibody system is greater in the DAE formulation than in the ODE formulation, the ODE formulation involves an extra computational effort in order to describe the dynamics of the system with a smaller number of variables. In this paper, pseudo-spectral (PS) methods are applied in order to solve the dynamics of multibody wave energy converters using both DAE and ODE formulations. Apart from providing a solution to the dynamics of multibody systems, pseudo-spectral methods provide an accurate and efficient formulation for the control of multibody wave energy converters. As an application example, this paper focuses on the dynamic modeling of a three-body hinge-barge device, where wave-tank tests are carried out in order to validate the DAE and ODE models against experimental data. Comparison of the ODE and DAE PS methods against a reference model based on the straightforward (Runge-Kutta) integration of the equations of motion shows that pseudo-spectral methods are computationally more stable and require less computational effort for short time steps. C1 [Paparella, Francesco; Ringwood, John V.] Natl Univ Ireland Maynooth, COER, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland. [Bacelli, Giorgio] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Paulmeno, Andrew; Mouring, Sarah E.] US Naval Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Paparella, F (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland Maynooth, COER, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland. EM fpaparella@eeng.nuim.ie; gbacelli@sandia.gov; paulmenoa@yahoo.com; mouring@usna.edu; john.ringwood@eeng.nuim.ie OI Ringwood, John/0000-0003-0395-7943 FU Science Foundation Ireland [12/RC/2302] FX This paper was supported by the Science Foundation Ireland under Grant 12/RC/2302 for the Marine Renewable Ireland (MaREI) Centre. Paper no. TSTE-00644-2015. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1949-3029 J9 IEEE T SUSTAIN ENERG JI IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy PD JUL PY 2016 VL 7 IS 3 BP 966 EP 974 DI 10.1109/TSTE.2015.2510699 PG 9 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DR1WW UT WOS:000379696600007 ER PT J AU Raj, RG AF Raj, Raghu G. TI A hierarchical Bayesian-MAP approach to inverse problems in imaging SO INVERSE PROBLEMS LA English DT Article DE inverse problems; imaging; compressive sensing; Bayesian; probabilistic graphical models; hierarchical Bayes; sparse reconstruction ID SIGNAL RECOVERY; GRAPHICAL MODELS; NATURAL IMAGES; SCALE; RECONSTRUCTION; INFORMATION; NOISE AB We present a novel approach to inverse problems in imaging based on a hierarchical Bayesian-MAP (HB-MAP) formulation. In this paper we specifically focus on the difficult and basic inverse problem of multi-sensor (tomographic) imaging wherein the source object of interest is viewed from multiple directions by independent sensors. Given the measurements recorded by these sensors, the problem is to reconstruct the image (of the object) with a high degree of fidelity. We employ a probabilistic graphical modeling extension of the compound Gaussian distribution as a global image prior into a hierarchical Bayesian inference procedure. Since the prior employed by our HB-MAP algorithm is general enough to subsume a wide class of priors including those typically employed in compressive sensing (CS) algorithms, HB-MAP algorithm offers a vehicle to extend the capabilities of current CS algorithms to include truly global priors. After rigorously deriving the regression algorithm for solving our inverse problem from first principles, we demonstrate the performance of the HB-MAP algorithm on Monte Carlo trials and on real empirical data (natural scenes). In all cases we find that our algorithm outperforms previous approaches in the literature including filtered back-projection and a variety of state-of-the-art CS algorithms. We conclude with directions of future research emanating from this work. C1 [Raj, Raghu G.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Raj, RG (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM raghu.raj@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through the US Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX This work (RGR) was supported by the Office of Naval Research through the US Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0266-5611 EI 1361-6420 J9 INVERSE PROBL JI Inverse Probl. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 32 IS 7 AR 075003 DI 10.1088/0266-5611/32/7/075003 PG 29 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA DQ9UV UT WOS:000379555700003 ER PT J AU Couch, C Fox, WP Everton, SF AF Couch, Christopher Fox, William P. Everton, Sean F. TI Mathematical modeling and analysis of a dark money network SO JOURNAL OF DEFENSE MODELING AND SIMULATION-APPLICATIONS METHODOLOGY TECHNOLOGY-JDMS LA English DT Article DE networks; dark network; dark money network; analytical hierarchy process (AHP); technique of order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS); game theory; cardinal utility; Nash equilibrium; Nash arbitration; security levels ID SECRET SOCIETIES AB In this article, the authors present background and analysis on a dark money network. An AHP/TOPSIS (analytical hierarchy process/technique of order preference by similarity to ideal solution) hybrid model is used to find the key nodes of the network. The analysis of the key nodes leads to improved targeting strategies against the network. Game theory applications using kinetic versus non-kinetic strategies in dealing with the network are developed after using AHP to obtain cardinal utility from the ordinal ranking originally provided. These methods provide an additional metric that can be employed when dealing with and analyzing any dark network. C1 [Couch, Christopher; Fox, William P.; Everton, Sean F.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Fox, WP (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, 589 Dyer Rd,Root 103 F, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM wpfox@nps.edu NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1548-5129 EI 1557-380X J9 J DEF MODEL SIMUL-AP JI J. Def. Model. Simul.-Appl. Methodol. Technol.-JDMS PD JUL PY 2016 VL 13 IS 3 BP 343 EP 354 DI 10.1177/1548512915625337 PG 12 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA DR3VO UT WOS:000379830900007 ER PT J AU Ferreiro, LD AF Ferreiro, Larrie D. TI Horatio Nelson Never Wrote "A Ship's a Fool to Fight a Fort"; It Was Jackie Fisher Who Invented the Attribution SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Article C1 [Ferreiro, Larrie D.] US Navy, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Ferreiro, Larrie D.] US Coast Guard, Washington, DC USA. [Ferreiro, Larrie D.] Dept Defense, Arlington, VA USA. [Ferreiro, Larrie D.] George Mason Univ, Hist & Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Ferreiro, Larrie D.] Stevens Inst Technol, Hoboken, NJ USA. RP Ferreiro, LD (reprint author), US Navy, Washington, DC 20004 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 EI 1543-7795 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 80 IS 3 BP 855 EP 856 PG 2 WC History SC History GA DQ5ZK UT WOS:000379283600008 ER PT J AU Rodig, MJ Snow, AW Scholl, P Rea, S AF Rodig, Michael J. Snow, Arthur W. Scholl, Paul Rea, Simon TI Synthesis and Low Temperature Spectroscopic Observation of 1,3,5-Trioxane-2,4,6-Trione: The Cyclic Trimer of Carbon Dioxide SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID OXIDATIVE CLEAVAGE; OZONOLYSIS; POLYMERS; COMPLEXES; ALDEHYDES; OLIGOMERS; OLEFINS; FORMS; CHAIN AB 1,3,5-Trioxane-2,4,6-trione (cyclic trimer of CO2) is the product of a four-step synthesis: chlorination of isobutyraldehyde; cyclotrimerization of 2-chloro-2-methylpropanal; dehydochlorination of 2,4,6-tris(2-chloropropan)-2-yl-1,3,5-trioxane; ozonolysis at -80 degrees C of 2,4,6-tri(propan-2-ylidene)-1,3,5-trioxane. This trioxane-trione is detected in solution at temperatures between -80 to -40 degrees C, and its conversion to CO2 is monitored by C-13 NMR and FTIR The CO2 trimer has a half-life of approximately 40 min at -40 degrees C. C1 [Rodig, Michael J.; Snow, Arthur W.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Scholl, Paul; Rea, Simon] Mettler Toledo AutoChem Inc, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Rodig, Michael J.] Eastman Chem Co, Kingsport, TN 37662 USA. RP Snow, AW (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM arthur.snow@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX American Society of Engineering Education, ASEE, is gratefully acknowledged for a Resident Research Associateship at NRL for M.J.R. Drs. Andrew P. Purdy and James P. Yesinowski are acknowledged with special appreciation for assistance in establishing conditions for 13C NMR data acquisition. Drs. Brett I. Dunlap and Igor V. Schweigert are gratefully acknowledged for SCF GIAO calculation of 13C NMR chemical shifts. Dr. Damon A. Parrish appreciatively acknowledged for the crystal structures of compounds 3a and 3b. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. Funding for this work was provided to M.J.R. and A.W.S. by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 81 IS 13 BP 5354 EP 5361 DI 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00647 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA DQ8JI UT WOS:000379456500012 PM 27183100 ER PT J AU Jiang, QF Sullivan, P Wang, SP Doyle, J Vincent, L AF Jiang, Qingfang Sullivan, Peter Wang, Shouping Doyle, James Vincent, Linwood TI Impact of Swell on Air-Sea Momentum Flux and Marine Boundary Layer under Low-Wind Conditions SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID LARGE-EDDY-SIMULATION; IDEALIZED WATER-WAVES; TURBULENT SHEAR-FLOW; MOVING WAVES; DRIVEN WIND; MODEL; STRESS; OCEAN AB The impact of fast-propagating swell on the air-sea momentum exchange and the marine boundary layer is examined based on multiple large-eddy simulations over a range of wind speed and swell parameters in the light-wind-fast-wave regime. A wave-driven supergeostrophic jet forms near the top of the wave boundary layer when the forwarding-pointing (i.e., negative) form drag associated with fast wind-following swell overpowers the positive surface shear stress. The magnitude of the form drag increases with the wavelength and slope and decreases with increasing wind speed, and the jet intensity in general increases with the magnitude of the surface form drag. The resulting negative vertical wind shear above the jet in turn enhances the turbulence aloft. The level of the wind maximum is found to be largely determined by the wavenumber and the ratio of the surface shear stress and form drag: the larger the magnitude of this ratio, the higher the altitude of the wind maximum. Although the simulated wind profile often closely follows the log law in the wave boundary layer, the surface stress derived from the logarithmic wind profile is significantly larger than the actual total surface stress in the presence of swell. Therefore, the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory is generally invalid over swell-dominated ocean. This is attributed to the wave-induced contribution to momentum flux, which decays roughly exponentially in the vertical and is largely independent of local wind shear. C1 [Jiang, Qingfang; Wang, Shouping; Doyle, James] Naval Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. [Sullivan, Peter] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Vincent, Linwood] UCAR Visiting Scientist Programs, Monterey, CA USA. RP Jiang, QF (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. EM jiang@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) Program Element (PE) [0602435 N]; HPC time from the Department of Defense Major Shared Resource Centers FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) Program Element (PE) 0602435 N. Computational resources were supported by a grant of HPC time from the Department of Defense Major Shared Resource Centers. The authors thank Dr. Jun Zhang from NOAA and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 73 IS 7 BP 2683 EP 2697 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-15-0200.1 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DQ7PX UT WOS:000379400900007 ER PT J AU Smith, RB Nugent, AD Kruse, CG Fritts, DC Doyle, JD Eckermann, SD Taylor, MJ Dornbrack, A Uddstrom, M Cooper, W Romashkin, P Jensen, J Beaton, S AF Smith, Ronald B. Nugent, Alison D. Kruse, Christopher G. Fritts, David C. Doyle, James D. Eckermann, Steven D. Taylor, Michael J. Doernbrack, Andreas Uddstrom, M. Cooper, William Romashkin, Pavel Jensen, Jorgen Beaton, Stuart TI Stratospheric Gravity Wave Fluxes and Scales during DEEPWAVE SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MOUNTAIN WAVES; MOMENTUM FLUX; AIRBORNE MEASUREMENTS; AIRCRAFT MEASUREMENTS; CLIMATE MODELS; MONT-BLANC; DIAGNOSTICS; TROPOPAUSE; TURBULENCE; TEMPERATURE AB During the Deep Propagating Gravity Wave Experiment (DEEPWAVE) project in June and July 2014, the Gulfstream V research aircraft flew 97 legs over the Southern Alps of New Zealand and 150 legs over the Tasman Sea and Southern Ocean, mostly in the low stratosphere at 12.1-km altitude. Improved instrument calibration, redundant sensors, longer flight legs, energy flux estimation, and scale analysis revealed several new gravity wave properties. Over the sea, flight-level wave fluxes mostly fell below the detection threshold. Over terrain, disturbances had characteristic mountain wave attributes of positive vertical energy flux (EFz), negative zonal momentum flux, and upwind horizontal energy flux. In some cases, the fluxes changed rapidly within an 8-h flight, even though environmental conditions were nearly unchanged. The largest observed zonal momentum and vertical energy fluxes were MFx = -550 mPa and EFz = 22W m(-2), respectively. A wide variety of disturbance scales were found at flight level over New Zealand. The vertical wind variance at flight level was dominated by short "fluxless'' waves with wavelengths in the 6-15-km range. Even shorter scales, down to 500 m, were found in wave breaking regions. The wavelength of the flux-carrying mountain waves was much longer-mostly between 60 and 150 km. In the strong cases, however, with EFz > 4W m(-2), the dominant flux wavelength decreased (i.e., "downshifted'') to an intermediate wavelength between 20 and 60 km. Apotential explanation for the rapid flux changes and the scale "downshifting'' is that low-level flow can shift between "terrain following'' and "envelope following'' associated with trapped air in steep New Zealand valleys. C1 [Smith, Ronald B.; Nugent, Alison D.; Kruse, Christopher G.] Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, POB 208109, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Fritts, David C.] GATS, Boulder, CO USA. [Doyle, James D.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Eckermann, Steven D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Taylor, Michael J.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Doernbrack, Andreas] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany. [Uddstrom, M.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Wellington, New Zealand. [Cooper, William; Romashkin, Pavel; Jensen, Jorgen; Beaton, Stuart] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Smith, RB (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, POB 208109, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM ronald.smith@yale.edu OI Kruse, Christopher/0000-0001-9808-8167 FU U.S. National Science Foundation; Program Manager Anne-Marie Schmoltner; Yale University [NSF-AGS-1338655]; GATS [NSF-AGS-1338648]; Naval Research Laboratory; German DLR; New Zealand Met Office; NIWA FX The DEEPWAVE project was supported primarily by the U.S. National Science Foundation with Program Manager Anne-Marie Schmoltner. The grant to Yale University was NSF-AGS-1338655 and to GATS was NSF-AGS-1338648. Additional support came from Naval Research Laboratory, German DLR, and the New Zealand Met Office and NIWA. Several staff from the Earth Observing Lab at NCAR participated in the field program including the operations manager Jim Moore and Vidal Salazar and aircraft staff leader Lou Lussier. Julie Haggerty and Kelly Schick analyzed the MTP data. We acknowledge assistance from Campbell Watson, Azusa Takeishi, Christine Tsai, Richard Turner, Mike Revell, Andy Sturman, Dominic Pautet, Alex Reinecke, Ulrich Schumann, and other members of the DEEPWAVE team. The first author also thanks the staff of GlideOmarama for his appreciation of New Zealand's rugged terrain. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 11 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 73 IS 7 BP 2851 EP 2869 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-15-0324.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DQ7PX UT WOS:000379400900017 ER PT J AU Armey, LE Hosman, L AF Armey, Laura E. Hosman, Laura TI The centrality of electricity to ICT use in low-income countries SO TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY LA English DT Article DE Developing countries; Economic development; Energy; ICTs; Internet; Environment ID ECONOMIC-GROWTH; PANEL DATA; CONSUMPTION; ENERGY; EQUATIONS; MARKETS; MOBILE AB A growing body of literature that extols the ability of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to enhance well-being in developing countries tends to focus on long run institutional and socio-economic changes as key to driving Internet uptake. The literature, however, too often ignores one factor in discussions of ICTs' importance and employment: electricity. Overlooking the centrality of electricity to any ICT for development (ICT4D) initiative has enormous consequences; countless initiatives have failed to consider the (in)ability to power the technology that is central to such development efforts. The present article seeks to address this gap by emphasizing the primacy of electricity in ICT4D initiatives. Utilizing a unique dataset that avoids issues associated with unreliably measured and inequitably distributed grid power, we examine the drivers of Internet adoption in low-income countries. We find robust evidence that increasing the distribution of electricity within under-served countries and thereby making electricity available to a larger proportion of the population significantly increases the number of Internet users. Arguably, improvements in infrastructure may bring about significant changes in Internet use, even in places where advancements in education and political representation remain elusive. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Armey, Laura E.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Hosman, Laura] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo, CA USA. RP Armey, LE (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. OI Armey, Laura/0000-0001-5260-5720 NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-5961 EI 1879-3258 J9 TELECOMMUN POLICY JI Telecommun. Policy PD JUL PY 2016 VL 40 IS 7 SI SI BP 617 EP 627 DI 10.1016/j.telpol.2015.08.005 PG 11 WC Communication; Information Science & Library Science; Telecommunications SC Communication; Information Science & Library Science; Telecommunications GA DR2AC UT WOS:000379706000003 ER PT J AU Read, S Sarasvathy, SD Dew, N Wiltbank, R AF Read, Stuart Sarasvathy, Saras D. Dew, Nicholas Wiltbank, Robert TI Response to Arend, Sarooghi, and Burkemper (2015): Cocreating Effectual Entrepreneurship Research SO ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT REVIEW LA English DT Editorial Material ID RESOURCE-BASED VIEW; STRATEGIC DECISION-MAKING; COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE; VENTURE-CREATION; OPPORTUNITIES; FIRMS; CAUSATION; DISCOVERY; BUSINESS; COEVOLUTION C1 [Read, Stuart; Wiltbank, Robert] Willamette Univ, Salem, OR 97301 USA. [Sarasvathy, Saras D.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Dew, Nicholas] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Read, S (reprint author), Willamette Univ, Salem, OR 97301 USA. EM sread@willamette.edu; sarasvathyS@darden.virginia.edu; ndew@nps.edu; wiltbank@willamette.edu NR 112 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 21 PU ACAD MANAGEMENT PI BRIARCLIFF MANOR PA PACE UNIV, PO BOX 3020, 235 ELM RD, BRIARCLIFF MANOR, NY 10510-8020 USA SN 0363-7425 EI 1930-3807 J9 ACAD MANAGE REV JI Acad. Manage. Rev. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 41 IS 3 BP 528 EP 536 DI 10.5465/amr.2015.0180 PG 9 WC Business; Management SC Business & Economics GA DQ5EL UT WOS:000379227600007 ER PT J AU Estep, AS Sanscrainte, ND Becnel, JJ AF Estep, A. S. Sanscrainte, N. D. Becnel, J. J. TI DsRNA-mediated targeting of ribosomal transcripts RPS6 and RPL26 induces long-lasting and significant reductions in fecundity of the vector Aedes aegypti SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; Ribosome; dsRNA; siRNA; Oviposition; Fecundity; Trigger; Gene silencing ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; MOSQUITO VITELLOGENIN; GENE KNOCKDOWN; BLOOD MEAL; INTERFERENCE; EXPRESSION; DROSOPHILA; ANOPHELES; TRANSPORT; ELEGANS AB Ribosomal transcripts produce critical proteins that are involved in most cellular production processes. Targeting ribosomal transcripts has produced mortality in mites and ticks but the effect of ribosomal transcript knockdown has not been thoroughly examined in mosquitoes. We examine the effects of triggers targeting four ribosomal proteins (RP) transcripts. Although no significant mortality was observed after dsRNA microinjection and subsequent blood feeding, significant contrasts were observed on fecundity. Triggers targeting RPS6 and RPL26 effectively reduced gene expression but more importantly, reduced reproductive output by more than 96% and 91% at the first oviposition while triggers targeting RPL1 and RPS2 did not cause a reduction although gene expression was reduced. Significantly reduced fecundity continued through a second oviposition cycle in dsRPS6 and dsRPL26 cohorts, although the effect was not as strong. Relative gene expression levels confirmed specific transcript knockdown up to 20 days post-injection in mosquitoes that did not oviposit or produced reduced clutch sizes. Dissections at 36 h post-blood meal indicated defects in oocyte provisioning. The strong phenotype produced by d5RPS6 allowed us to examine the effects in various tissues as well as the dose response, trigger format, delivery method and trigger specificity in Aedes aegypti. Strong knockdown was observed in the abdomen and the ovaries. Greater than 50 ng of dsRPS6 significantly reduced fecundity but not when delivered in a sugar meal or as an siRNA. Similar bioassays with mutated d5RPS6 triggers indicates that up to three mismatches per possible siRNA are still effective in reducing fecundity. These studies indicate that while active and effective triggers can be developed for vector species, the lack of an efficient delivery method is the biggest barrier to use as a potential control method. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Estep, A. S.] Naval Air Stn, Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Testing & Evaluat Dept, CMAVE Detachment, Jacksonville, FL 32211 USA. [Estep, A. S.; Sanscrainte, N. D.; Becnel, J. J.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Estep, AS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM alden.estep@ars.usda.gov OI Estep, Alden/0000-0002-8281-3229 FU USDA; Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center [WII-141C]; Deployed War Fighters Protection Program FX The authors thank Drs. James Baum, O.P. Perera, and Hanayo Arimoto for critical review of the manuscript. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Jason Puglise, Catherine McDermott, Lucy Li, and Jessica Louton for technical assistance. Funding was provided by the USDA, the WII-141C project of the Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center, and the Deployed War Fighters Protection Program. The funders had no role in design or direction of the study or development of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 EI 1879-1611 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 90 BP 17 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2016.05.001 PG 10 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA DQ3IH UT WOS:000379095500003 PM 27180677 ER PT J AU Bryan, S Aguirre, J Che, G Doyle, S Flanigan, D Groppi, C Johnson, B Jones, G Mauskopf, P McCarrick, H Monfardini, A Mroczkowski, T AF Bryan, Sean Aguirre, James Che, George Doyle, Simon Flanigan, Daniel Groppi, Christopher Johnson, Bradley Jones, Glenn Mauskopf, Philip McCarrick, Heather Monfardini, Alessandro Mroczkowski, Tony TI WSPEC: A Waveguide Filter-Bank Focal Plane Array Spectrometer for Millimeter Wave Astronomy and Cosmology SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Workshop on Low Temperature Particle Detection (LTD) CY JUL 20-24, 2015 CL Grenoble, FRANCE SP Air Liquide, Cryoconcept, CRYOGEN Ltd, Entropy, XIA DE Millimeter waves; Spectroscopy; Kinetic inductance detectors AB Imaging and spectroscopy at (sub-)millimeter wavelengths are key frontiers in astronomy and cosmology. Large area spectral surveys with moderate spectral resolution (-200) will be used to characterize large-scale structure and star formation through intensity mapping surveys in emission lines such as the CO rotational transitions. Such surveys will also be used to study the the Sunyaev Zeldovich (SZ) effect, and will detect the emission lines and continuum spectrum of individual objects. WSPEC is an instrument proposed to target these science goals. It is a channelizing spectrometer realized in rectangular waveguide, fabricated using conventional high-precision metal machining. Each spectrometer is coupled to free space with a machined feed horn, and the devices are tiled into a 2D array to fill the focal plane of the telescope. The detectors will be aluminum lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors (LEKIDs). To target the CO lines and SZ effect, we will have bands at 135-175 and 190-250 GHz, each Nyquist-sampled at resolution. Here, we discuss the instrument concept and design, and successful initial testing of a WR10 (i.e., 90 GHz) prototype spectrometer. We recently tested a WR5 (180 GHz) prototype to verify that the concept works at higher frequencies, and also designed a resonant backshort structure that may further increase the optical efficiency. We are making progress towards integrating a spectrometer with a LEKID array and deploying a prototype device to a telescope for first light. C1 [Bryan, Sean; Che, George; Groppi, Christopher; Mauskopf, Philip] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Aguirre, James] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Doyle, Simon] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Flanigan, Daniel; Johnson, Bradley; Jones, Glenn; McCarrick, Heather] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Monfardini, Alessandro] Inst NEEL, Grenoble, France. [Mroczkowski, Tony] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bryan, S (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM sean.a.bryan@asu.edu OI Mroczkowski, Tony/0000-0003-3816-5372 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 EI 1573-7357 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 184 IS 1-2 BP 114 EP 122 DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1396-5 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DP7OX UT WOS:000378689800019 ER PT J AU McCarrick, H Flanigan, D Jones, G Johnson, BR Ade, PAR Bradford, K Bryan, S Cantor, R Che, G Day, P Doyle, S Leduc, H Limon, M Mauskopf, P Miller, A Mroczkowski, T Tucker, C Zmuidzinas, J AF McCarrick, H. Flanigan, D. Jones, G. Johnson, B. R. Ade, P. A. R. Bradford, K. Bryan, S. Cantor, R. Che, G. Day, P. Doyle, S. Leduc, H. Limon, M. Mauskopf, P. Miller, A. Mroczkowski, T. Tucker, C. Zmuidzinas, J. TI A Titanium Nitride Absorber for Controlling Optical Crosstalk in Horn-Coupled Aluminum LEKID Arrays for Millimeter Wavelengths SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Workshop on Low Temperature Particle Detection (LTD) CY JUL 20-24, 2015 CL Grenoble, FRANCE SP Air Liquide, Cryoconcept, CRYOGEN Ltd, Entropy, XIA DE Kinetic inductance detectors; Cosmic microwave background; Millimeter-wave sensors AB We discuss the design and measured performance of a titanium nitride (TiN) mesh absorber we are developing for controlling optical crosstalk in horn-coupled lumped-element kinetic inductance detector (LEKID) arrays for millimeter wavelengths. This absorber was added to the fused silica anti-reflection coating attached to previously characterized, 20-element prototype arrays of LEKIDs fabricated from thin-film aluminum on silicon substrates. To test the TiN crosstalk absorber, we compared the measured response and noise properties of LEKID arrays with and without the TiN mesh. For this test, the LEKIDs were illuminated with an adjustable, incoherent electronic millimeter-wave source. Our measurements show that the optical crosstalk in the LEKID array with the TiN absorber is reduced by 66 % on average, so the approach is effective and a viable candidate for future kilo-pixel arrays. C1 [McCarrick, H.; Flanigan, D.; Jones, G.; Johnson, B. R.; Limon, M.; Miller, A.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Mauskopf, P.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Day, P.; Leduc, H.; Zmuidzinas, J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Zmuidzinas, J.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Ade, P. A. R.; Doyle, S.; Tucker, C.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Cantor, R.] STAR Cryoelect, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA. [Mroczkowski, T.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bradford, K.; Bryan, S.; Che, G.; Mauskopf, P.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP McCarrick, H (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10025 USA. EM hlm2124@columbia.edu OI Limon, Michele/0000-0002-5900-2698; Mroczkowski, Tony/0000-0003-3816-5372 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 EI 1573-7357 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 184 IS 1-2 BP 154 EP 160 DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1424-5 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DP7OX UT WOS:000378689800025 ER PT J AU Stanchfield, SM Ade, PAR Aguirre, J Brevik, JA Cho, HM Datta, R Devlin, MJ Dicker, SR Dober, B Egan, D Ford, P Hilton, G Hubmayr, J Irwin, KD Marganian, P Mason, BS Mates, JAB McMahon, J Mello, M Mroczkowski, T Romero, C Tucker, C Vale, L White, S Whitehead, M Young, AH AF Stanchfield, S. M. Ade, P. A. R. Aguirre, J. Brevik, J. A. Cho, H. M. Datta, R. Devlin, M. J. Dicker, S. R. Dober, B. Egan, D. Ford, P. Hilton, G. Hubmayr, J. Irwin, K. D. Marganian, P. Mason, B. S. Mates, J. A. B. McMahon, J. Mello, M. Mroczkowski, T. Romero, C. Tucker, C. Vale, L. White, S. Whitehead, M. Young, A. H. TI Development of a Microwave SQUID-Multiplexed TES Array for MUSTANG-2 SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Workshop on Low Temperature Particle Detection (LTD) CY JUL 20-24, 2015 CL Grenoble, FRANCE SP Air Liquide, Cryoconcept, CRYOGEN Ltd, Entropy, XIA DE Microwave-multiplexed SQUIDs; TES bolometers; Focal plane arrays; 90 GHz AB MUSTANG-2 is a 90 GHz feedhorn-coupled, microwave SQUID-multiplexed TES bolometer array in the final stages of development for operation on the 100-m Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope. We present the camera design and report the performance during the first season of observation, in which 64 of the available 215 pixels in the focal plane were populated. We highlight the microwave multiplexing readout technology, which is envisioned as a path to read out the next generation of large pixel-count cryogenic focal planes. In this regard, MUSTANG2 is a pathfinder for this multiplexing technology. We present noise spectra which show no detector noise degradation when read out with microwave SQUID multiplexing, and we present first light images of Jupiter and M87, which demonstrate the end-to-end system performance. C1 [Stanchfield, S. M.; Aguirre, J.; Devlin, M. J.; Dicker, S. R.; Dober, B.; Young, A. H.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Ade, P. A. R.; Tucker, C.] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales. [Brevik, J. A.; Hilton, G.; Hubmayr, J.; Mates, J. A. B.; Vale, L.] NIST, Boulder Labs, Boulder, CO USA. [Cho, H. M.; Irwin, K. D.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Datta, R.; McMahon, J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Egan, D.; Ford, P.; Marganian, P.; Mello, M.; White, S.; Whitehead, M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Green Bank, WV USA. [Mason, B. S.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Mroczkowski, T.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Romero, C.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Stanchfield, SM (reprint author), Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM sastan@sas.upenn.edu OI Mroczkowski, Tony/0000-0003-3816-5372 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 EI 1573-7357 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 184 IS 1-2 BP 460 EP 465 DI 10.1007/s10909-016-1570-4 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DP7OX UT WOS:000378689800072 ER PT J AU Seal, DC Tang, Q Xu, ZF Christlieb, AJ AF Seal, David C. Tang, Qi Xu, Zhengfu Christlieb, Andrew J. TI An Explicit High-Order Single-Stage Single-Step Positivity-Preserving Finite Difference WENO Method for the Compressible Euler Equations SO JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Hyperbolic conservation laws; Lax-Wendroff; Weighted essentially non-oscillatory; Positivity-preserving ID HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION-LAWS; ESSENTIALLY NONOSCILLATORY SCHEMES; FLUX-CORRECTED TRANSPORT; WEIGHTED ENO SCHEMES; GENERALIZED RIEMANN PROBLEM; ADJUSTING HYBRID SCHEMES; EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION; KINETIC SCHEMES; TIME DISCRETIZATIONS; VOLUME SCHEMES AB In this work we construct a high-order, single-stage, single-step positivity-preserving method for the compressible Euler equations. Space is discretized with the finite difference weighted essentially non-oscillatory method. Time is discretized through a Lax-Wendroff procedure that is constructed from the Picard integral formulation of the partial differential equation. The method can be viewed as a modified flux approach, where a linear combination of a low-and high-order flux defines the numerical flux used for a single-step update. The coefficients of the linear combination are constructed by solving a simple optimization problem at each time step. The high-order flux itself is constructed through the use of Taylor series and the Cauchy-Kowalewski procedure that incorporates higher-order terms. Numerical results in one-and two-dimensions are presented. C1 [Seal, David C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, 121 Blake Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Tang, Qi] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Xu, Zhengfu] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Math Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Christlieb, Andrew J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Computat Math Sci & Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Seal, DC (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, 121 Blake Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM seal@usna.edu OI Tang, Qi/0000-0001-9614-1075 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-11-1-0281, FA9550-12-1-0343, FA9550-12-1-0455]; National Science Foundation [DMS-1115709, DMS-1316662] FX The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewer for the helpful suggestions to further improve this work. This work has been supported in part by Air Force Office of Scientific Research Grants FA9550-11-1-0281, FA9550-12-1-0343 and FA9550-12-1-0455, and by National Science Foundation Grant Numbers DMS-1115709 and DMS-1316662. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0885-7474 EI 1573-7691 J9 J SCI COMPUT JI J. Sci. Comput. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 68 IS 1 BP 171 EP 190 DI 10.1007/s10915-015-0134-0 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA DQ6QB UT WOS:000379328900008 ER PT J AU Rush, T LeardMann, CA Crum-Cianflone, NF AF Rush, Toni LeardMann, Cynthia A. Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. TI Obesity and Associated Adverse Health Outcomes Among US Military Members and Veterans: Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; BODY-MASS INDEX; COMBAT DEPLOYMENT; WEIGHT CHANGE; ACTIVE-DUTY; FOLLOW-UP; OVERWEIGHT; PERSONNEL; TRENDS; PREVALENCE AB Objective: To assess the prevalence of obesity and associated health outcomes among US service members and veterans. Methods: Data from three survey cycles (2001-2008) of the Millennium Cohort Study were used to examine the prevalence of obesity and associated health outcomes. Results: Of the 42,200 individuals, 25% were of normal weight in 2007/2008. Rates of obesity were significantly higher among veterans (32%) compared with service members (20%). Over a 7-year period, obesity rates doubled among both service members (10%-20%) and veterans (14%-32%). Participants with obesity were significantly more likely to be male, older, less educated, in the Army or Navy, and separated/retired from the military. Hypertension, diabetes, and sleep apnea were significantly more common among individuals with obesity compared with participants with normal weight (all P<0.05). Individuals with obesity also had significantly higher rates of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder than individuals with normal weight and had lower mental and physical functional scores (all P<0.05). Conclusions: These findings indicate an urgent need to enhance strategies for preventing and reducing excess weight gain within the military and veteran populations. Such strategies should aim to ensure a fit military force and promote health after military service. C1 [Rush, Toni; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Rush, Toni] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Rush, Toni; LeardMann, Cynthia A.; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Scripps Mercy Hosp, San Diego, CA USA. RP LeardMann, CA (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM cynthia.a.leardmann.ctr@mail.mil FU Military Operational Medicine Research Program of the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland; Department of Defense [60002] FX The Millennium Cohort Study is funded through the Military Operational Medicine Research Program of the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland. This work represents report 15-08, supported by the Department of Defense, under Work Unit No. 60002. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD JUL PY 2016 VL 24 IS 7 BP 1582 EP 1589 DI 10.1002/oby.21513 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA DQ6GT UT WOS:000379303200024 PM 27345964 ER PT J AU Wei, MZ Jacobs, G Rowley, C Barron, CN Hogan, P Spence, P Smedstad, OM Martin, P Muscarella, P Coelho, E AF Wei, Mozheng Jacobs, Gregg Rowley, Clark Barron, Charlie N. Hogan, Pat Spence, Peter Smedstad, Ole Martin Martin, Paul Muscarella, Philip Coelho, Emanuel TI The performance of the US Navy's RELO ensemble, NCOM, HYCOM during the period of GLAD at-sea experiment in the Gulf of Mexico SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Ocean ensemble prediction; Ocean data assimilation; Ensemble spread and reliability; Forecast accuracy and skill; Lagrangian coherent structure ID MULTIVARIATE GEOPHYSICAL FIELDS; LAGRANGIAN COHERENT STRUCTURES; OCEAN MODEL HYCOM; VERTICAL COORDINATE; PREDICTION SYSTEM; DATA ASSIMILATION; GLOBAL ENSEMBLE; MONTEREY BAY; RADAR DATA; PERTURBATIONS AB A suite of real-time ocean model forecasts was carried out successfully at NRL to provide modeling support and guidance to the CARTHE GLAD at-sea experiment during summer 2012. The forecast systems include two RELO ensembles and three single models using NCOM and HYCOM with different resolutions. All of these forecast outputs are archived and made available on web servers for the CARTHE scientists. The detailed descriptions of these forecast systems and the products presented in this paper provide a much-needed background to the scientists in CARTHE and others who will use our forecasts and GLAD drifter observations to do further research after the future public release of the CARTHE GLAD data. A calibrated ensemble system with enhanced spread and reliability is proposed in this project. It is found that this calibrated ensemble outperforms the un-calibrated ensemble in terms of quantitative forecasting accuracy, skill and reliability for all the variables and observation spaces we have evaluated. The metrics used include RMS error, anomaly correlation, spread-reliability and Talagrand rank histogram. Both ensembles are compared with three single-model forecasts with NCOM and HYCOM with different resolutions. The advantages of ensembles are demonstrated. RELO ensembles have been applied to Lagrangian trajectory prediction, and it is demonstrated that either ensemble can provide valuable uncertainty information in addition to predicting the particle trajectory with highest probability in comparison with a single ocean model forecast. The calibrated ensemble with more reliability is able to capture some trajectories in different, even opposite directions which are missed by the un-calibrated ensemble. When the ensembles are applied to computing the LCS (Lagrangian Coherent Structure), the uncertainties of the LCSs, which cannot be estimated from a single model forecast, are identified. Another finding is that the LCS depends on the model resolution. The model with highest resolution produces the finest small-scale LCS structures, while the model with lowest resolution generates only large scale LCSs. The work on using ocean ensembles in Lagrangian ocean dynamics presented in this paper represents our initial attempt in this field. It is expected that this work will lead to more extensive new research in this area in the near future. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wei, Mozheng; Jacobs, Gregg; Rowley, Clark; Barron, Charlie N.; Hogan, Pat; Martin, Paul] US Navy, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Spence, Peter; Smedstad, Ole Martin] QinetiQ North Amer, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Muscarella, Philip] ASEE Post Doc NRL, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Coelho, Emanuel] Univ New Orleans, NRL, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Wei, MZ (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM Mozheng.Wei@nrlssc.navy.mil OI Rowley, Clark/0000-0003-3496-6404 FU BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (GoMRI) through the Consortium for Advanced Research on Transport of Hydrocarbon in the Environment (CARTHE); PRACTICE 6.2 project at NRL; Office of Naval Research [0602435N] FX This research was made possible in part by a grant from BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (GoMRI) through the Consortium for Advanced Research on Transport of Hydrocarbon in the Environment (CARTHE). It was also partly funded through the PRACTICE 6.2 project at NRL and supported by the Office of Naval Research (Program Element 0602435N). We thank our colleagues at NRL at Stennis Space Center for their assistance, particularly Germana Peggion, Jan Dastugue, David Sitton, Michael Phelps and the scientists from other organizations in CARTHE. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0967-0645 EI 1879-0100 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 129 BP 374 EP 393 DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.09.002 PG 20 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DP7HW UT WOS:000378670800038 ER PT J AU Blanco, PR Mungan, CE AF Blanco, Philip R. Mungan, Carl E. TI Satellite splat II: an inelastic collision with a surface-launched projectile and the maximum orbital radius for planetary impact SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE orbital motion; momentum conservation; energy conservation; angular momentum; ballistics AB Starting with conservation of energy and angular momentum, we derive a convenient method for determining the periapsis distance of an orbiting object, by expressing its velocity components in terms of the local circular speed. This relation is used to extend the results of our previous paper, examining the effects of an adhesive inelastic collision between a projectile launched from the surface of a planet (of radius R) and an equal-mass satellite in a circular orbit of radius r(s). We show that there is a maximum orbital radius r(s) approximate to 18.9R beyond which such a collision cannot cause the satellite to impact the planet. The difficulty of bringing down a satellite in a high orbit with a surface-launched projectile provides a useful topic for a discussion of orbital angular momentum and energy. The material is suitable for an undergraduate intermediate mechanics course. C1 [Blanco, Philip R.] Grossmont Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, El Cajon, CA 92020 USA. [Blanco, Philip R.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Mungan, Carl E.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Blanco, PR (reprint author), Grossmont Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, El Cajon, CA 92020 USA.; Blanco, PR (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. EM philip.blanco@gcccd.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0143-0807 EI 1361-6404 J9 EUR J PHYS JI Eur. J. Phys. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 37 IS 4 AR 045004 DI 10.1088/0143-0807/37/4/045004 PG 10 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA DP9EF UT WOS:000378798800004 ER PT J AU Kincaid, RK Kunkler, SJ Lamar, MD Phillips, DJ AF Kincaid, Rex K. Kunkler, Sarah J. Lamar, Michael Drew Phillips, David J. TI Algorithms and Complexity Results for Finding Graphs with Extremal Randic Index SO NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE generalized Randic index; network realization; degree sequence; minimum weight perfect b-matching; connectivity constraint; synchronization; cortical networks ID VARIABLE NEIGHBORHOOD SEARCH; HUMAN CEREBRAL-CORTEX; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; STRUCTURAL CONNECTIVITY; LINEAR GRAPH; THICKNESS; NETWORKS; REALIZABILITY; DEPRESSION; PATTERNS AB We show that finding a subgraph realization with the minimum generalized Randic index for a given base graph and degree sequence is solvable in polynomial time by formulating the problem as the minimum weight perfect b-matching problem of Edmonds (J Res Natl Bur Stand 69B (1965), 125-130). However, the realization found via this reduction is not guaranteed to be connected. Approximating the minimum weight perfect b-matching problem subject to a connectivity constraint is shown to be NP-hard. For instances in which the optimal solution to the minimum Randic index problem is not connected, we describe a heuristic to connect the graph using pairwise edge exchanges that preserves the degree sequence. Although we focus on finding graph realizations with minimum Randic index, our results extend to finding graph realizations with maximum Randic index as well. Applications of the Randic index are provided to synchronization of neuronal networks controlling respiration in mammals and to normalizing cortical thickness networks in diagnosing individuals with dementia. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Kincaid, Rex K.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Math, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Kunkler, Sarah J.] Microsoft Corp, 1 Microsoft Way, Redmond, WA 98052 USA. [Lamar, Michael Drew] Coll William & Mary, Dept Biol, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Phillips, David J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. RP Phillips, DJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. EM dphillip@usna.edu NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-3045 EI 1097-0037 J9 NETWORKS JI Networks PD JUL PY 2016 VL 67 IS 4 BP 338 EP 347 DI 10.1002/net.21680 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA DP5AH UT WOS:000378507900007 ER PT J AU MacKenzie, EJ Bosse, MJ Pollak, AN Tornetta, P Carlisle, H Silva, H Bosse, MJ Hsu, JR Karunakar, MA Sims, SH Seymour, RB Churchill, C Hak, DJ Henderson, C Gissel, H Schmidt, A Lafferty, PM Westberg, JR McKinley, T Gaski, G Nelson, A Reid, JS Boateng, HA Warlow, PM Vallier, HA Patterson, BM Boyd, AJ Smith, C Toledano, JE Toledano, JE Kuhn, KM Langensiepen, SB Mazurek, MT Langford, J Harriott, P Hayda, RA Zych, GA Hutson, JJ Rodriguez, D Stinner, D Osborn, PM Mann, DW Jones, CB Sietsema, DL Endres, TJ Cannada, LK Watson, JT Sanders, R Sagi, HC Chan, DS Steverson, B Miclau, T Morshed, S Belaye, T Marsh, JL Karam, MD Westerlind, BO Pollak, AN O'Toole, R Manson, TT Sciadini, MF Nascone, JW Russell, G Bergin, PF Smith, L Teague, DC Carl, K Wells, J Evans, AR Farrell, DJ Maroto, MR Gary, J Burgess, AR Franco, K Firoozabadi, R Sangeorzan, B Obremskey, WT Mir, HR Archer, KR Molina, CS Carroll, E Teasdall, RD Holden, MB Goodman, JB Gordon, W Keeling, J Ceniceros, X Wenke, JC Ficke, JR Keeney, JA Unger, DV MacKenzie, EJ Castillo, RC Scharfstein, DO Reider, L Frey, K Carlini, A De Lissovoy, G Holthaus, R Zadnik-Newell, M Allen, LE AF MacKenzie, Ellen J. Bosse, Michael J. Pollak, Andrew N. Tornetta, Paul, III Carlisle, Hope Silva, Heather Bosse, Michael J. Hsu, Joseph R. Karunakar, Madhav A. Sims, Stephen H. Seymour, Rachel B. Churchill, Christine Hak, David J. Henderson, Corey Gissel, Hannah Schmidt, Andrew Lafferty, Paul M. Westberg, Jerald R. McKinley, Todd Gaski, Greg Nelson, Amy Reid, J. Spence Boateng, Henry A. Warlow, Pamela M. Vallier, Heather A. Patterson, Brendan M. Boyd, Alysse J. Smith, Christopher Toledano, James E. Toledano, James E. Kuhn, Kevin M. Langensiepen, Sarah B. Mazurek, Michael T. Langford, Joshua Harriott, Paula Hayda, Roman A. Zych, Gregory A. Hutson, James J., Jr. Rodriguez, Dinorah Stinner, Daniel Osborn, Patrick M. Mann, Dennis W. Jones, Clifford B. Sietsema, Debra L. Endres, Terrence J. Cannada, Lisa K. Watson, J. Tracy Sanders, Roy Sagi, H. Claude Chan, Daniel S. Steverson, Barbara Miclau, Theodore Morshed, Saam Belaye, Tigist Marsh, J. Lawrence Karam, Matthew D. Westerlind, Brian O. Pollak, Andrew N. O'Toole, Robert Manson, Theodore T. Sciadini, Marcus F. Nascone, Jason W. Russell, George Bergin, Patrick F. Smith, Lori Teague, David C. Carl, Kathy Wells, Janet Evans, Andrew R. Farrell, Dana J. Maroto, Medardo R. Gary, Joshua Burgess, Andrew R. Franco, Kathy Firoozabadi, Reza Sangeorzan, Bruce Obremskey, William T. Mir, Hassan R. Archer, Kristin R. Molina, Cesar S. Carroll, Eben Teasdall, Robert D. Holden, Martha B. Goodman, J. Brett Gordon, Wade Keeling, John Ceniceros, Xochitl Wenke, Joseph C. Ficke, James R. Keeney, James A. Unger, Daniel V. MacKenzie, Ellen J. Castillo, Renan C. Scharfstein, Daniel O. Reider, Lisa Frey, Katherine Carlini, Anthony De Lissovoy, Gregory Holthaus, Rachel Zadnik-Newell, Mary Allen, Lauren E. CA METRC TI Building a Clinical Research Network in Trauma Orthopaedics: The Major Extremity Trauma Research Consortium (METRC) SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA LA English DT Article DE clinical research networks; multicenter trials; METRC; orthopaedic trauma outcomes research ID OPEN FRACTURES; CLASSIFICATION; MULTICENTER; CHALLENGES; TRIALS; WAR; MANAGEMENT; OUTCOMES; BOARD; CARE AB Objectives: Lessons learned from battle have been fundamental to advancing the care of injuries that occur in civilian life. Equally important is the need to further refine these advances in civilian practice, so they are available during future conflicts. The Major Extremity Trauma Research Consortium (METRC) was established to address these needs. Methods: METRC is a network of 22 core level I civilian trauma centers and 4 core military treatment centers-with the ability to expand patient recruitment to more than 30 additional satellite trauma centers for the purpose of conducting multicenter research studies relevant to the treatment and outcomes of orthopaedic trauma sustained in the military. Early measures of success of the Consortium pertain to building of an infrastructure to support the network, managing the regulatory process, and enrolling and following patients in multiple studies. Results: METRC has been successful in maintaining the engagement of several leading, high volume, level I trauma centers that form the core of METRC; together they operatively manage 15,432 major fractures annually. METRC is currently funded to conduct 18 prospective studies that address 6 priority areas. The design and implementation of these studies are managed through a single coordinating center. As of December 1, 2015, a total of 4560 participants have been enrolled. Conclusions: Success of METRC to date confirms the potential for civilian and military trauma centers to collaborate on critical research issues and leverage the strength that comes from engaging patients and providers from across multiple centers. C1 [MacKenzie, Ellen J.; Pollak, Andrew N.; MacKenzie, Ellen J.] Boston Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Tornetta, Paul, III; Carlisle, Hope; Silva, Heather] Carolinas Med Ctr, Charlotte, NC 28203 USA. [Hsu, Joseph R.; Karunakar, Madhav A.; Sims, Stephen H.; Seymour, Rachel B.; Churchill, Christine] Denver Hlth & Hosp Author, Denver, CO USA. [Hak, David J.; Henderson, Corey; Gissel, Hannah] Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. [Hak, David J.; Henderson, Corey; Gissel, Hannah] Reg Hosp, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Schmidt, Andrew; Lafferty, Paul M.; Westberg, Jerald R.] Indiana Univ, Hlth Methodist Hosp, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. [Schmidt, Andrew; Lafferty, Paul M.; Westberg, Jerald R.] St Vincent Indianapolis Hosp, Indianapolis, IN USA. [McKinley, Todd; Gaski, Greg; Nelson, Amy] Hershey Med Ctr, Hershey, PA USA. [Reid, J. Spence; Boateng, Henry A.; Warlow, Pamela M.] Metrohlth Med Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. [Vallier, Heather A.; Patterson, Brendan M.; Boyd, Alysse J.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Smith, Christopher] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA USA. [Toledano, James E.; Kuhn, Kevin M.; Langensiepen, Sarah B.; Mazurek, Michael T.] Orlando Reg Med Ctr Inc, Orlando, FL USA. [Langford, Joshua; Harriott, Paula] Brown Univ, Rhode Isl Hosp, Providence, RI 02903 USA. [Hayda, Roman A.] Ryder Trauma Ctr, Miami, FL USA. [Zych, Gregory A.; Hutson, James J., Jr.; Rodriguez, Dinorah] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Spectrum Hlth Butterworth Hosp, Grand Rapids, MI USA. [Jones, Clifford B.; Sietsema, Debra L.; Endres, Terrence J.] St Louis Univ Hosp, St Louis, MO USA. [Watson, J. Tracy] Tampa Gen Hosp, Tampa, FL 33606 USA. [Watson, J. Tracy] St Josephs Hosp, Tampa, FL USA. [Sanders, Roy; Sagi, H. Claude; Chan, Daniel S.; Steverson, Barbara] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Orthopaed Trauma Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Miclau, Theodore; Morshed, Saam; Belaye, Tigist] Univ Iowa Hosp & Clin, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Marsh, J. Lawrence; Karam, Matthew D.; Westerlind, Brian O.] Univ Maryland, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [O'Toole, Robert; Manson, Theodore T.; Sciadini, Marcus F.; Nascone, Jason W.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Russell, George; Bergin, Patrick F.; Smith, Lori] Univ Oklahoma, Med Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Teague, David C.; Carl, Kathy; Wells, Janet] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Farrell, Dana J.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Maroto, Medardo R.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Gary, Joshua; Burgess, Andrew R.; Franco, Kathy] Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, 325 9Th Ave, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Firoozabadi, Reza; Sangeorzan, Bruce] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. [Obremskey, William T.; Mir, Hassan R.; Archer, Kristin R.; Molina, Cesar S.] Wake Forest Univ, Baptist Med Ctr, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Carroll, Eben; Teasdall, Robert D.; Holden, Martha B.; Goodman, J. Brett] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Wenke, Joseph C.] METRC, Lakeland, FL USA. [Keeney, James A.] US Air Force, Washington, DC 20330 USA. [Unger, Daniel V.] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. [Unger, Daniel V.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, METRC Coordinating Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. RP MacKenzie, EJ (reprint author), Boston Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. EM emackenz@jhsph.edu FU Department of Defense [W8XWH-09-2-0108, W8XWH-10-2-0090] FX METRC is funded by the Department of Defense through 2 awards from the Peer Reviewed Orthopaedic Research Program (PRORP) of the Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs (CDMRP)-W8XWH-09-2-0108 and W8XWH-10-2-0090. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0890-5339 EI 1531-2291 J9 J ORTHOP TRAUMA JI J. Orthop. Trauma PD JUL PY 2016 VL 30 IS 7 BP 353 EP 361 DI 10.1097/BOT.0000000000000549 PG 9 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA DO9GM UT WOS:000378093200002 ER PT J AU Hoang, TN Kang, J Siriratsivawong, K LaPorta, A Heck, A Ferraro, J Robinson, D Walsh, J AF Hoang, Tuan N. Kang, Jeff Siriratsivawong, Kris LaPorta, Anthony Heck, Amber Ferraro, Jessica Robinson, Douglas Walsh, Jonathan TI Hyper-Realistic, Team-Centered Fleet Surgical Team Training Provides Sustained Improvements in Performance SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE Fleet Surgical Team Shipboard Surgical Trauma Training Course; human-worn partial-task surgical simulator; sustainment training; improving teamwork and efficiency in trauma surgery; combat casualty care ID COMMUNICATION; CARE AB OBJECTIVE: The high-stress, fast-paced environment of combat casualty care relies on effective teamwork and communication which translates into quality patient care. A training course was developed for U.S. Navy Fleet Surgical Teams to address these aspects of patient care by emphasizing efficiency and appropriate patient care. An effective training course provides knowledge and skills to pass the course evaluation and sustain the knowledge and skills acquired over time. DESIGN: The course included classroom didactic hours, and hands-on simulation sessions. A pretest was administered before the course, a posttest upon completion, and a sustainment test 5 months following course completion. The evaluation process measured changes in patient time to disposition and critical errors made during patient care. SETTING: Naval Base San Diego, with resuscitation and surgical simulations carried out within the shipboard medical spaces. PARTICIPANTS: United States Navy medical personnel including physicians of various specialties, corpsmen, nurses, and nurse anesthetists deploying aboard ships. RESULTS: Time to disposition improved significantly, 11 +/- 3 minutes, from pretest to posttest, and critical errors improved by 4 +/- 1 errors per encounter. From posttest to sustainment test, time to disposition increased by 3 +/- 1, and critical errors decreased by 1 +/- 1. CONCLUSIONS: This course showed value in improving teamwork and communication skills of participants, immediately upon completion of the course, and after 5 months had passed. Therefore, with ongoing sustainment activities within 6 months, this course can substantially improve trauma care provided by shipboard deployed Navy medical personnel to wounded service members. Published by Elsevier Inc on behalf of the Association of Program Directors in Surgery C1 [Hoang, Tuan N.; Kang, Jeff; Siriratsivawong, Kris; Ferraro, Jessica] United States Navy, Washington, DC USA. [LaPorta, Anthony; Heck, Amber; Robinson, Douglas; Walsh, Jonathan] Rocky Vista Univ, 8401 S Chambers Rd, Parker, CO 80134 USA. RP Walsh, J (reprint author), Rocky Vista Univ, 8401 S Chambers Rd, Parker, CO 80134 USA. EM jonathan.walsh@rvu.edu FU Fleet Surgical Team 3; Fleet Surgical Team 5 FX This work was supported by Fleet Surgical Teams 3 and 5. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1931-7204 EI 1878-7452 J9 J SURG EDUC JI J. Surg. Educ. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 73 IS 4 BP 668 EP 674 PG 7 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Surgery SC Education & Educational Research; Surgery GA DP2EM UT WOS:000378300900017 PM 27086265 ER PT J AU Aijaz, S Rogers, WE Babanin, AV AF Aijaz, Saima Rogers, W. Erick Babanin, Alexander V. TI Wave spectral response to sudden changes in wind direction in finite-depth waters SO OCEAN MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Wave modelling; Wind shift; Wave response; Whitecapping dissipation; Swell dissipation; Bottom friction ID FOLLOWER FIELD-MEASUREMENTS; LINEAR ENERGY TRANSFER; GENERATED WAVES; SHALLOW-WATER; SOURCE TERMS; PART II; BREAKING; DISSIPATION; SURFACE; MODEL AB The response of a wind-sea spectrum to sudden changes in wind directions of 180 degrees and 90 degrees is investigated. Numerical simulations using the third-generation wave spectral model SWAN have been undertaken at micro timescales of 30 s and fine spatial resolution of less than 10 m. The results have been validated against the wave data collected during the field campaign at Lake George, Australia. The newly implemented 'ST6' physics in the SWAN model has been evaluated using a selection of bottom-friction terms and the two available functions for the nonlinear energy transfer: (1) exact solution of the nonlinear term (XNL), and (2) discrete interactions approximation (DIA) that parameterizes the nonlinear term. Good agreement of the modelled data is demonstrated directly with the field data and through the known experimental growth curves obtained from the extensive Lake George data set. The modelling results show that of the various combinations of models tested, the ST6/XNL model provides the most reliable computations of integral and spectral wave parameters. When the winds and waves are opposing (180 degrees wind turn), the XNL is nearly twice as fast in the aligning the young wind-sea with the new wind direction than the DIA. In this case, the young wind-sea gradually decouples from the old waves and forms a new secondary peak. Unlike the 180 degrees wind turn, there is no decoupling in the 90 degrees wind turn and the entire spectrum rotates smoothly in the new direction. In both cases, the young wind-sea starts developing in the new wind direction within 10 min of the wind turn for the ST6 while the directional response of the default physics lags behind with a response time that is nearly double of ST6. The modelling results highlight the differences in source term balance among the different models in SWAN. During high wind speeds, the default settings provide a larger contribution from the bottom-friction dissipation than the whitecapping. In contrast, the whitecapping dissipation is dominant in ST6 while the bottom-friction generated by the new model with ripple formation provides a significant contribution during strong winds only. During low wind speeds and non-breaking wave conditions, a separate swell or non-breaking dissipation source term continues the decay of waves that cannot be dissipated by the whitecapping dissipation function. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Aijaz, Saima; Babanin, Alexander V.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Ocean Engn Sci & Technol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Rogers, W. Erick] Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Aijaz, S (reprint author), Swinburne Univ Technol, John St, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. EM saijaz@swin.edu.au OI Babanin, Alexander/0000-0002-8595-8204 FU Australian Research Council [DP130100227]; US Office of Naval Research grants [N00014-13-1-0278, N00014-13-WX-20825]; Swinburne University; Australian Government's Education Investment Fund FX The funding for this study was provided by the Australian Research Council Discovery grant DP130100227 and the US Office of Naval Research grants N00014-13-1-0278 and N00014-13-WX-20825. The authors gratefully acknowledge the efforts of Dr. L. Cavaleri and Dr. G. van Vledder for their detailed reviews and recommendations that have led to a significant improvement of the manuscript. The contribution of the anonymous reviewer is appreciated. We thank Dr. S. Zieger of Swinburne University for the useful discussions and his comments on the manuscript. The Zieger swell dissipation formulation and negative wind input were implemented in the SWAN model by Dr. Y. Fan, post-doctoral fellow at Naval Research Laboratory. The simulations were performed on the gSTAR National facility at the Swinburne University of Technology. gSTAR is funded by the Swinburne University and the Australian Government's Education Investment Fund. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1463-5003 EI 1463-5011 J9 OCEAN MODEL JI Ocean Model. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 103 BP 98 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2015.11.006 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA DN9IC UT WOS:000377391800008 ER PT J AU Armey, LE Lipow, J AF Armey, Laura E. Lipow, Jonathan TI Hard lessons: combat deployment and veteran interest in higher education SO APPLIED ECONOMICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE GI Bill; education; deployment; combat; veterans; H52; H56; I28; J24 ID DRAFT LOTTERY; EARNINGS; BENEFITS AB Over 2.5 million Americans served in the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. In this short article, we consider the impact of these experiences on their future welfare. Specifically, we ask if those who served in Afghanistan and Iraq are more or less likely to exploit their GI Bill benefits in order to pursue higher education than service members who did not directly participate in these conflicts. We exploit a comprehensive administrative dataset that the US Armed Forces' Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC) provided to us. We find across models that deployment to Afghanistan or Iraq significantly increases the likelihood that veterans will take advantage of their educational benefits, but that exposure to violent combat significantly decreases it. C1 [Armey, Laura E.; Lipow, Jonathan] US Navy, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Armey, LE (reprint author), US Navy, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. EM larmey@nps.edu OI Armey, Laura/0000-0001-5260-5720 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1350-4851 EI 1466-4291 J9 APPL ECON LETT JI Appl. Econ. Lett. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 23 IS 11 BP 768 EP 772 DI 10.1080/13504851.2015.1105918 PG 5 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA DL9DG UT WOS:000375941100004 ER PT J AU Christlieb, AJ Feng, X Seal, DC Tang, Q AF Christlieb, Andrew J. Feng, Xiao Seal, David C. Tang, Qi TI A high-order positivity-preserving single-stage single-step method for the ideal magnetohydrodynamic equations SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Magnetohydrodynamics; Finite difference WENO; Lax-Wendroff; Constrained transport; Positivity preserving; High order ID FINITE-DIFFERENCE SCHEME; ESSENTIALLY NONOSCILLATORY SCHEMES; CONSTRAINED-TRANSPORT METHOD; HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION-LAWS; HAMILTON-JACOBI EQUATIONS; SHOCK-CAPTURING SCHEMES; WEIGHTED ENO SCHEMES; EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION; TIME DISCRETIZATIONS; MHD EQUATIONS AB We propose a high-order finite difference weighted ENO (WENO) method for the ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations. The proposed method is single-stage (i.e., it has no internal stages to store), single-step (i.e., it has no time history that needs to be stored), maintains a discrete divergence-free condition on the magnetic field, and has the capacity to preserve the positivity of the density and pressure. To accomplish this, we use a Taylor discretization of the Picard integral formulation (PIF) of the finite difference WENO method proposed in Christlieb et al. (2015) [23], where the focus is on a high-order discretization of the fluxes (as opposed to the conserved variables). We use the version where fluxes are expanded to third-order accuracy in time, and for the fluid variables space is discretized using the classical fifth-order finite difference WENO discretization. We use constrained transport in order to obtain divergence-free magnetic fields, which means that we simultaneously evolve the magnetohydrodynamic (that has an evolution equation for the magnetic field) and magnetic potential equations alongside each other, and set the magnetic field to be the (discrete) curl of the magnetic potential after each time step. In this work, we compute these derivatives to fourth-order accuracy. In order to retain a single-stage, single-step method, we develop a novel Lax-Wendroff discretization for the evolution of the magnetic potential, where we start with technology used for Hamilton Jacobi equations in order to construct a non-oscillatory magnetic field. The end result is an algorithm that is similar to our previous work Christlieb et al. (2014) [8], but this time the time stepping is replaced through a Taylor method with the addition of a positivity preserving limiter. Finally, positivity preservation is realized by introducing a parameterized flux limiter that considers a linear combination of high and low-order numerical fluxes. The choice of the free parameter is then given in such a way that the fluxes are limited towards the low-order solver until positivity is attained. Given the lack of additional degrees of freedom in the system, this positivity limiter lacks energy conservation where the limiter turns on. However, this ingredient can be dropped for problems where the pressure does not become negative. We present two and three dimensional numerical results for several standard test problems including a smooth Alfven wave (to verify formal order of accuracy), shock tube problems (to test the shock-capturing ability of the scheme), Orszag-Tang, and cloud shock interactions. These results assert the robustness and verify the high-order of accuracy of the proposed scheme. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Christlieb, Andrew J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Computat Math Sci & Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Christlieb, Andrew J.; Feng, Xiao] Michigan State Univ, Dept Math, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Christlieb, Andrew J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Seal, David C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, 121 Blake Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Tang, Qi] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Feng, X (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Math, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM christli@msu.edu; fengxia2@msu.edu; seal@usna.edu; tangq3@rpi.edu OI Tang, Qi/0000-0001-9614-1075 FU AFOSR [FA9550-12-1-0343, FA9550-12-1-0455, FA9550-15-1-0282]; Michigan State University Foundation; New Mexico Consortium Grant [NMC0155-01]; NASA grant [NMX15AP39G]; NSF grant [DMS-1418804]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORAU HPC LDRD) FX We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments and suggestions to improve this work. This work was supported by: AFOSR grants FA9550-12-1-0343, FA9550-12-1-0455, FA9550-15-1-0282; the Michigan State University Foundation; New Mexico Consortium Grant NMC0155-01; NASA grant NMX15AP39G; NSF grant DMS-1418804; and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORAU HPC LDRD). NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 316 BP 218 EP 242 DI 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.016 PG 25 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA DL7DE UT WOS:000375799200013 ER PT J AU Sandhu, R Poirel, D Pettit, C Khalil, M Sarkar, A AF Sandhu, Rimple Poirel, Dominique Pettit, Chris Khalil, Mohammad Sarkar, Abhijit TI Bayesian inference of nonlinear unsteady aerodynamics from aeroelastic limit cycle oscillations SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Bayesian inference; Bayesian model selection; Nonlinear aeroelasticity; Limit cycle oscillation; Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation; Kalman filter; Unsteady aerodynamics ID MODEL SELECTION; UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION; MARGINAL LIKELIHOOD; REYNOLDS-NUMBERS; ADAPTIVE MCMC; SYSTEM; STABILITY; ALGORITHM; AIRFOIL; OUTPUT AB A Bayesian model selection and parameter estimation algorithm is applied to investigate the influence of nonlinear and unsteady aerodynamic loads on the limit cycle oscillation (LCO) of a pitching airfoil in the transitional Reynolds number regime. At small angles of attack, laminar boundary layer trailing edge separation causes negative aerodynamic damping leading to the LCO. The fluid-structure interaction of the rigid, but elastically mounted, airfoil and nonlinear unsteady aerodynamics is represented by two coupled nonlinear stochastic ordinary differential equations containing uncertain parameters and model approximation errors. Several plausible aerodynamic models with increasing complexity are proposed to describe the aeroelastic system leading to LCO. The likelihood in the posterior parameter probability density function (pdf) is available semi-analytically using the extended Kalman filter for the state estimation of the coupled nonlinear structural and unsteady aerodynamic model. The posterior parameter pdf is sampled using a parallel and adaptive Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm. The posterior probability of each model is estimated using the Chib-Jeliazkov method that directly uses the posterior MCMC samples for evidence (marginal likelihood) computation. The Bayesian algorithm is validated through a numerical study and then applied to model the nonlinear unsteady aerodynamic loads using wind-tunnel test data at various Reynolds numbers. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Sandhu, Rimple; Khalil, Mohammad; Sarkar, Abhijit] Carleton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Poirel, Dominique] Royal Mil Coll Canada, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Kingston, ON, Canada. [Pettit, Chris] US Naval Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Khalil, Mohammad] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. RP Sarkar, A (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. EM abhijit.sarkar@carleton.ca RI Sarkar, Abhijit/E-6918-2012 OI Sarkar, Abhijit/0000-0002-8427-8901 FU Canadian Department of National Defence, through the DSRI-TIF program; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada through the award of a Canada Graduate Scholarship; Canadian Department of National Defence; Canada Research Chair Program; Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI); Ontario Innovation Trust (OIT); CLUMEQ; SciNet HPC Consortia at Canada FX The second author acknowledges the support of the Canadian Department of National Defence, through the DSRI-TIF program, and a Discovery Grant from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The fourth author acknowledges the support of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada through the award of a Canada Graduate Scholarship and the Canadian Department of National Defence. The fifth author acknowledges the support of a Discovery Grant from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Canada Research Chair Program. The computing infrastructure is supported by the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), the Ontario Innovation Trust (OIT), CLUMEQ and SciNet HPC Consortia at Canada. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 316 BP 534 EP 557 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2016.03.006 PG 24 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA DL7DE UT WOS:000375799200028 ER PT J AU Chang, YC Tseng, RS Chu, PC Chen, JM Centurioni, LR AF Chang, Yu-Chia Tseng, Ruo-Shan Chu, Peter C. Chen, Jau-Ming Centurioni, Luca R. TI Observed strong currents under global tropical cyclones SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE SVP drifter; Tropical cyclones; Translation speed; Ocean currents; Northern Hemisphere; Southern Hemisphere ID SOUTH CHINA SEA; SURFACE CURRENTS; OCEAN RESPONSE; HURRICANE; PACIFIC; INTENSITY; DRIFTERS; CLIMATOLOGY; STRAIT; FLOWS AB Global data from drifters of the Surface Velocity Program (Niiler, 2001) and tropical cyclones (TCs) from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center and National Hurricane Center were analyzed to demonstrate strong ocean currents and their characteristics under various storm intensities in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). Mean TC's translation speed (U-h) is faster in the NH (similar to 4.7 m s(-1)) than in the SH (similar to 4.0 m s(-1)), owing to the fact that TCs are more intense in the NH than in the SH. The rightward (leftward) bias of ocean mixed-layer (OML) velocity occurs in the NH (SH). As a result of this slower Uh and thus a smaller Froude number in the SH, the flow patterns in the SH under the same intensity levels of TCs are more symmetric relative to the TC center and the OML velocities are stronger. This study provides the first characterization of the near-surface OML velocity response to all recorded TCs in the SH from direct velocity measurements. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chang, Yu-Chia] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Marine Biotechnol & Resources, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. [Tseng, Ruo-Shan] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Oceanog, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. [Chu, Peter C.] Naval Ocean Anal & Predict Lab, Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Chen, Jau-Ming] Natl Kaohsiung Marine Univ, Inst Maritime Informat & Technol, Kaohsiung 80543, Taiwan. [Centurioni, Luca R.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Tseng, RS (reprint author), Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Oceanog, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. EM rstseng@mail.nsysu.edu.tw FU Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan, Republic of China [MOST 102-2611-M-110-010-MY3]; Naval Oceanographic Office FX This research was completed with grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan, Republic of China (MOST 102-2611-M-110-010-MY3). Peter C. Chu was supported by the Naval Oceanographic Office. SVP drifter data (NOAA/AOML; http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/phod/dac/dacdata.html), storm data (JTWC & NHC; http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/best_tracks/; http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/), hydrologic data (NODC; https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/), and NCEP wind data (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanalysis.pressure .html) in this study are available for free. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 EI 1879-1573 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 159 BP 33 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2016.03.001 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA DL3AI UT WOS:000375506200003 ER PT J AU Arnold, A Giesbrecht, M Roche, DS AF Arnold, Andrew Giesbrecht, Mark Roche, Daniel S. TI Faster sparse multivariate polynomial interpolation of straight-line programs SO JOURNAL OF SYMBOLIC COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Sparse interpolation; Complexity; Randomized algorithms; Straight-line program ID FINITE-FIELDS AB Given a straight-line program whose output is a polynomial function of the inputs, we present a new algorithm to compute a concise representation of that unknown function. Our algorithm can handle any case where the unknown function is a multivariate polynomial, with coefficients in an arbitrary finite field, and with a reasonable number of nonzero terms but possibly very large degree. It is competitive with previously known sparse interpolation algorithms that work over an arbitrary finite field, and provides an improvement when there are a large number of variables. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Arnold, Andrew; Giesbrecht, Mark] Univ Waterloo, Cheriton Sch Comp Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Roche, Daniel S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Comp Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Arnold, A; Giesbrecht, M (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Cheriton Sch Comp Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.; Roche, DS (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Comp Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM a4arnold@uwaterloo.ca; mwg@uwaterloo.ca; roche@usna.edu FU National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); National Science Foundation (NSF) [1319994] FX We thank Mustafa Elsheikh for helpful discussion related to section 4, Lutz Kammerer for pointing out an error in Lemma 4, and the helpful comments of the referees. The first author acknowledges the support of the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). The third author is supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) award no. 1319994, "AF: Small: RUI: Faster Arithmetic for Sparse Polynomials and Integers". NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0747-7171 J9 J SYMB COMPUT JI J. Symb. Comput. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 75 SI SI BP 4 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.jsc.2015.11.005 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA DD7FT UT WOS:000370089800002 ER PT J AU Pique, A Kim, H Auyeung, RCY Beniam, I Breckenfeld, E AF Pique, Alberto Kim, Heungsoo Auyeung, Raymond C. Y. Beniam, Iyoel Breckenfeld, Eric TI Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) of congruent voxels SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium CC on Laser and Plasma Processing for Advanced Applications in Material Science held during the Annual Spring Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society (E-MRS) CY MAY 11-15, 2015 CL Lille, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc DE Laser-induced forward transfer; LIFT; Laser printing; Congruent transfer; Ag nano-ink; Ag nano-paste AB Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) of functional materials offers unique advantages and capabilities for the rapid prototyping of electronic, optical and sensor elements. The use of LIFT for printing high viscosity metallic nano-inks and nano-pastes can be optimized for the transfer of voxels congruent with the shape of the laser pulse, forming thin film-like structures non-lithographically. These processes are capable of printing patterns with excellent lateral resolution and thickness uniformity typically found in 3-dimensional stacked assemblies, MEMS-like structures and free-standing interconnects. However, in order to achieve congruent voxel transfer with LIFT, the particle size and viscosity of the ink or paste suspensions must be adjusted to minimize variations due to wetting and drying effects. When LIFT is carried out with high-viscosity nano-suspensions, the printed voxel size and shape become controllable parameters, allowing the printing of thin-film like structures whose shape is determined by the spatial distribution of the laser pulse. The result is a new level of parallelization beyond current serial direct-write processes whereby the geometry of each printed voxel can be optimized according to the pattern design. This work shows how LIFT of congruent voxels can be applied to the fabrication of 2D and 3D microstructures by adjusting the viscosity of the nano-suspension and laser transfer parameters. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pique, Alberto; Kim, Heungsoo; Auyeung, Raymond C. Y.; Beniam, Iyoel] Naval Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Code 6364, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Breckenfeld, Eric] CNR, Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pique, A (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Code 6364, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM pique@nrl.navy.mil OI , Ray/0000-0002-1398-0277 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 EI 1873-5584 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 30 PY 2016 VL 374 BP 42 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.09.005 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA DL9BV UT WOS:000375937300008 ER PT J AU Koepke, JC Wood, JD Chen, YF Schmucker, SW Liu, XM Chang, NN Nienhaus, L Do, JW Carrion, EA Hewaparakrama, J Ranaarajan, A Datye, I Mehta, R Haasch, RT Gruebele, M Girolami, GS Pop, E Lyding, JW AF Koepke, Justin C. Wood, Joshua D. Chen, Yaofeng Schmucker, Scott W. Liu, Ximeng Chang, Noel N. Nienhaus, Lea Do, Jae Won Carrion, Enrique A. Hewaparakrama, Jayan Ranaarajan, Aniruddh Datye, Isha Mehta, Rushabh Haasch, Richard T. Gruebele, Martin Girolami, Gregory S. Pop, Eric Lyding, Joseph W. TI Role of Pressure in the Growth of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Thin Films from Ammonia-Borane SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL GRAPHENE; HIGH-QUALITY GRAPHENE; N-H COMPOUNDS; LARGE-AREA; ATOMIC LAYERS; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; MONOLAYER AB We analyze the optical, chemical, and electrical properties of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) using the precursor ammonia-borane (H3N-BH3) as a function of Ar/H-2 background pressure (P-TOT). Films grown at P-TOT <= 2.0 Torr are uniform in thickness, highly crystalline, and consist solely of h-BN. At larger P-TOT with constant precursor flow, the growth rate increases, but the resulting h-BN is more amorphous, disordered, and sp(3)-bonded. We attribute these changes in h-BN grown at high pressure to incomplete thermolysis of the H3N-BH3 precursor from a passivated Cu catalyst. A similar increase in h-BN growth rate and amorphization is observed even at low P-TOT if the H3N-BH3 partial pressure is initially greater than the background pressure P-TOT at the beginning of growth. h-BN growth using the H3N-BH3 precursor reproducibly can give large-area, crystalline h-BN thin films, provided that the total pressure is under 2.0 Torr and the precursor flux is well controlled. C1 [Koepke, Justin C.; Wood, Joshua D.; Chen, Yaofeng; Liu, Ximeng; Do, Jae Won; Carrion, Enrique A.; Hewaparakrama, Jayan; Ranaarajan, Aniruddh; Datye, Isha; Mehta, Rushabh; Pop, Eric; Lyding, Joseph W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Koepke, Justin C.; Wood, Joshua D.; Chen, Yaofeng; Liu, Ximeng; Nienhaus, Lea; Do, Jae Won; Ranaarajan, Aniruddh; Datye, Isha; Mehta, Rushabh; Girolami, Gregory S.; Lyding, Joseph W.] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Koepke, Justin C.; Wood, Joshua D.; Chen, Yaofeng; Liu, Ximeng; Nienhaus, Lea; Do, Jae Won; Carrion, Enrique A.; Hewaparakrama, Jayan; Ranaarajan, Aniruddh; Datye, Isha; Mehta, Rushabh; Lyding, Joseph W.] Univ Illinois, Micro & Nanotechnol Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Schmucker, Scott W.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Chang, Noel N.; Nienhaus, Lea; Gruebele, Martin; Girolami, Gregory S.] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, 1209 W Calif St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Haasch, Richard T.] Univ Illinois, Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gruebele, Martin] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Pop, Eric] Stanford Univ, Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Koepke, Justin C.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Wood, Joshua D.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Nienhaus, Lea] MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Lyding, JW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.; Lyding, JW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.; Lyding, JW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Micro & Nanotechnol Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM lyding@illinois.edu OI Nienhaus, Lea/0000-0003-1412-412X FU U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-13-1-0300]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-14-1-0251]; National Science Foundation (NSF) under CHE [10-38015, 13-07002, 13-62931, ECCS-1430530]; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship (NDSEG) through the Army Research Office (ARO); Beckman Foundation; Naval Research Enterprise Intern Program (NREIP); National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory FX This work has been sponsored by the U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) under grant N00014-13-1-0300, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) under grant FA9550-14-1-0251 (E.P.), and the National Science Foundation (NSF) under grants CHE 10-38015 (J.W.L.), 13-07002 (L.N. and M.G.), 13-62931 (G.S.G.), and ECCS-1430530 (E.P.). J.D.W. gratefully acknowledges funding from the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship (NDSEG) through the Army Research Office (ARO), the Beckman Foundation, and the Naval Research Enterprise Intern Program (NREIP). This research was performed while S.W.S. held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory. We kindly thank G. Doidge, K. Chatterjee, and T. Kilpatrick for assistance in h-BN transfer. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements were carried out in the Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory Central Facilities at the University of Illinois. Scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy measurements were performed in the Microscopy Suite, which is part of the Imaging Technology Group at the Beckman Institute of the University of Illinois. We are indebted to S. Robinson for assistance with TEM imaging and T. Spila for help in TOF-SIMS data collection. We also acknowledge J. Kaitz for assistance in using the FTIR system. NR 87 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 40 U2 71 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUN 28 PY 2016 VL 28 IS 12 BP 4169 EP 4179 DI 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b00396 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA DQ1PO UT WOS:000378973100009 ER PT J AU Champlain, JG Ruppalt, LB Guyette, AC El-Hinnawy, N Borodulin, P Jones, E Young, RM Nichols, D AF Champlain, James G. Ruppalt, Laura B. Guyette, Andrew C. El-Hinnawy, Nabil Borodulin, Pavel Jones, Evan Young, Robert M. Nichols, Doyle TI Examination of the temperature dependent electronic behavior of GeTe for switching applications SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-CHANGE MATERIALS; MEMORY; FILMS; POWER AB The DC and RF electronic behaviors of GeTe-based phase change material switches as a function of temperature, from 25K to 375K, have been examined. In its polycrystalline (ON) state, GeTe behaved as a degenerate p-type semiconductor, exhibiting metal-like temperature dependence in the DC regime. This was consistent with the polycrystalline (ON) state RF performance of the switch, which exhibited low resistance S-parameter characteristics. In its amorphous (OFF) state, the GeTe presented significantly greater DC resistance that varied considerably with bias and temperature. At low biases (<1 V) and temperatures (<200 K), the amorphous GeTe low -field resistance dramatically increased, resulting in exceptionally high amorphous -polycrystalline (OFF-ON) resistance ratios, exceeding 109 at cryogenic temperatures. At higher biases and temperatures, the amorphous GeTe exhibited nonlinear cutTent-voltage characteristics that were best fit by a space charge limited conduction model that incorporates the effect of a defect band. The observed conduction behavior suggests the presence of two regions of localized traps within the bandgap of the amorphous GeTe, located at approximately 0.26-0.27 eV and 0.56-0.57 eV from the valence hand. Unlike the polycrystalline state, the high resistance DC behavior of amorphous GeTe does not translate to the RF switch performance; instead, a parasitic capacitance associated with the RF switch geometry dominates OFF state RF transmission. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Champlain, James G.; Ruppalt, Laura B.; Guyette, Andrew C.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [El-Hinnawy, Nabil; Borodulin, Pavel; Jones, Evan; Young, Robert M.; Nichols, Doyle] Northrop Grumman Elect Syst, Linthicum, MD 21090 USA. RP Champlain, JG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU DARPA [HR0011-12-C-0095]; Office of Naval Research FX This work was funded in part by DARPA Contract No. HR0011-12-C-0095 and in part by the Office of Naval Research. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. This is in accordance with DoDI 5230,29, January 8, 2009. This content has been approved for public release. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 28 PY 2016 VL 119 IS 24 AR 244501 DI 10.1063/1.49543131 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DQ4HD UT WOS:000379163800025 ER PT J AU Pruessner, MW Park, D Stievater, TH Kozak, DA Rabinovich, WS AF Pruessner, Marcel W. Park, Doweon Stievater, Todd H. Kozak, Dmitry A. Rabinovich, William S. TI Broadband opto-electro-mechanical effective refractive index tuning on a chip SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL WAVE-GUIDES; PROPERTY MEASUREMENT; MICROSTRIP LINES; STRAINED SILICON; MEMS; PHASE; SYSTEMS; MANIPULATION; RESONATORS; PARAMETERS AB Photonic integrated circuits have enabled progressively active functionality in compact devices with the potential for large-scale integration. To date the lowest loss photonic circuits are achieved with silica or silicon nitride-based platforms. However, these materials generally lack reconfigurability. In this work we present a platform for achieving active functionality in any dielectric waveguide via large-scale opto-electro-mechanical tuning of the effective refractive index (Delta n(eff approximate to)0.01-0.1) and phase (Delta phi>2 pi). A suspended microbridge weakly interacts with the evanescent field of a low-mode confinement waveguide to tune the effective refractive index and phase with minimal loss. Metal-coated bridges enable electrostatic actuation to displace the microbridge to dynamically tune n(EFF). In a second implementation we place a non-metallized dielectric microbridge in a gradient electric field to achieve actuation and tuning. Both approaches are broadband, universally applicable to any waveguide, and pave the way for adding active functionality to many passive optical materials. C1 [Pruessner, Marcel W.; Park, Doweon; Stievater, Todd H.; Kozak, Dmitry A.; Rabinovich, William S.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pruessner, MW (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM marcel.pruessner@nrl.navy.mil FU NRL/ONR [ONR 61153N] FX We thank NRL/ONR for funding this work under a base 6.1 program (ONR 61153N). We also thank the NRL Nanoscience Institute (NSI) staff for cleanroom access and fabrication assistance. MWP thanks J.B. Khurgin (JHU) for helpful discussions. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JUN 27 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 13 BP 13917 EP 13930 DI 10.1364/OE.24.013917 PG 14 WC Optics SC Optics GA DT8RF UT WOS:000381759800021 PM 27410554 ER PT J AU Yu, PF Toon, OB Bardeen, CG Bucholtz, A Rosenlof, KH Saide, PE Da Silva, A Ziemba, LD Thornhill, KL Jimenez, JL Campuzano-Jost, P Schwarz, JP Perring, AE Froyd, KD Wagner, NL Mills, MJ Reid, JS AF Yu, Pengfei Toon, Owen B. Bardeen, Charles G. Bucholtz, Anthony Rosenlof, Karen H. Saide, Pablo E. Da Silva, Arlindo Ziemba, Luke D. Thornhill, Kenneth L. Jimenez, Jose-Luis Campuzano-Jost, Pedro Schwarz, Joshua P. Perring, Anne E. Froyd, Karl D. Wagner, N. L. Mills, Michael J. Reid, Jeffrey S. TI Surface dimming by the 2013 Rim Fire simulated by a sectional aerosol model SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ORGANIC AEROSOL; SMOKE; EMISSIONS; EVOLUTION; AIRCRAFT; CARBON; CLOUDS AB The Rim Fire of 2013, the third largest area burned by fire recorded in California history, is simulated by a climate model coupled with a size-resolved aerosol model. Modeled aerosol mass, number, and particle size distribution are within variability of data obtained from multiple-airborne in situ measurements. Simulations suggest that Rim Fire smoke may block 4-6% of sunlight energy reaching the surface, with a dimming efficiency around 120-150Wm(-2) per unit aerosol optical depth in the midvisible at13:00-15:00 local time. Underestimation of simulated smoke single scattering albedo at midvisible by 0.04 suggests that the model overestimates either the particle size or the absorption due to black carbon. This study shows that exceptional events like the 2013 Rim Fire can be simulated by a climate model with 1 degrees resolution with overall good skill, although that resolution is still not sufficient to resolve the smoke peak near the source region. C1 [Yu, Pengfei; Toon, Owen B.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Yu, Pengfei; Toon, Owen B.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Yu, Pengfei; Jimenez, Jose-Luis; Campuzano-Jost, Pedro; Schwarz, Joshua P.; Perring, Anne E.; Froyd, Karl D.; Wagner, N. L.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Yu, Pengfei; Rosenlof, Karen H.; Schwarz, Joshua P.; Perring, Anne E.; Froyd, Karl D.; Wagner, N. L.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Bardeen, Charles G.; Mills, Michael J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Atmospher Chem Observat & Modeling Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Bucholtz, Anthony; Reid, Jeffrey S.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Saide, Pablo E.] Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA USA. [Da Silva, Arlindo] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Ziemba, Luke D.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Thornhill, Kenneth L.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA USA. [Jimenez, Jose-Luis; Campuzano-Jost, Pedro] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Campus Box 215, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Yu, PF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Yu, PF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Yu, PF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Yu, PF (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. EM pengfei.yu@colorado.edu RI Rosenlof, Karen/B-5652-2008; Perring, Anne/G-4597-2013; Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; schwarz, joshua/G-4556-2013; Yu, Pengfei/S-4596-2016; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015 OI Rosenlof, Karen/0000-0002-0903-8270; Perring, Anne/0000-0003-2231-7503; Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955; Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847; schwarz, joshua/0000-0002-9123-2223; Yu, Pengfei/0000-0002-2774-1058; FU National Science Foundation; Office of Science (BER) of the U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation [CNS-0821794]; NASA [NNX12AC03G, NNX15AT96G, NNX12AB78G, NNX12AC64G, NNX14AR56G] FX The CESM project is supported by the National Science Foundation and the Office of Science (BER) of the U.S. Department of Energy. Computing resources (ark:/85065/d7wd3xhc) were provided by the Climate Simulation Laboratory at NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science Foundation and other agencies. This work also utilized the Janus supercomputer, which is supported by the National Science Foundation (award CNS-0821794), the University of Colorado Boulder, the University of Colorado Denver, and the National Center for Atmospheric Research. The Janus supercomputer is operated by the University of Colorado Boulder. P.C.J. and J.L.J. were supported by NASA NNX12AC03G and NNX15AT96G. P.E.S. was supported by NASA grant NNX12AB78G. P.Y. and O.B.T. were supported by NASA awards NNX12AC64G and NNX14AR56G. The data used in this study are publicly available at NASA data achieve http://www-air.larc.nasa.gov/missions/seac4rs/index.html. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 27 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 12 BP 7079 EP 7087 DI 10.1002/2015JD024702 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DT6YU UT WOS:000381631800023 PM 27867782 ER PT J AU DeLisio, JB Hu, XL Wu, T Egan, GC Young, G Zachariah, MR AF DeLisio, Jeffery B. Hu, Xiuli Wu, Tao Egan, Garth C. Young, Gregory Zachariah, Michael R. TI Probing the Reaction Mechanism of Aluminum/Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Composites SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-DEGRADATION; COMBUSTION; NANOCOMPOSITES AB Energetic thin films with high mass loadings of nanosized components have been recently fabricated using electrospray deposition. These films are composed of aluminum nanoparticles (nAl) homogeneously dispersed in an energetic fluoropolymer binder, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). The nascent oxide shell of the nAl has been previously shown to undergo a preignition reaction (PIR) with fluoropolymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). This work examines the PIR between alumina and PVDF to further explain the reaction mechanism of the Al/PVDF system. Temperature jump (T-jump) ignition experiments in air, argon, and vacuum environments showed that the nAl is fluorinated by gas phase species due to a decrease in reactivity in a vacuum. Thermogravimetric analysis coupled with differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC) was used to confirm the occurrence of a PIR, and gas phase products during the PIR and fluorination of nAl were investigated with temperature jump time-of-flight mass spectrometry (T-jump TOFMS). Results show a direct correlation between the amount of alumina in the PVDF film and the relative signal intensity of hydrogen fluoride release (HF). Although the PIR between alumina and PVDF plays an important role in the Al/PVDF reaction mechanism, burn speeds of Al/PVDF films containing additional pure alumina particles showed no burn speed enhancement. C1 [DeLisio, Jeffery B.; Hu, Xiuli; Wu, Tao; Egan, Garth C.; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [DeLisio, Jeffery B.; Hu, Xiuli; Wu, Tao; Egan, Garth C.; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Young, Gregory] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Zachariah, MR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Zachariah, MR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM mrz@umd.edu RI Wu, Tao/E-8758-2016 OI Wu, Tao/0000-0003-3704-275X FU Army Research Office; Defense Threat Reduction Agency; Maryland Nanocenter and its AIMLab; NSF FX This work was supported by the Army Research Office and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. We acknowledge the support of the UMD X-ray Crystallographic Center for help with the XRD analysis. We also acknowledge the support of the Maryland Nanocenter and its AIMLab. The AIMLab is supported in part by the NSF as a MRSEC Shared Experimental Facility. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 23 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 24 BP 5534 EP 5542 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b01100 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA DP7FC UT WOS:000378663600021 PM 27228361 ER PT J AU Zhang, JH Dharavath, S Mitchell, LA Parrish, DA Shreeve, JM AF Zhang, Jiaheng Dharavath, Srinivas Mitchell, Lauren A. Parrish, Damon A. Shreeve, Jean'ne M. TI Energetic Salts Based on 3,5-Bis(dinitromethyl)-1,2,4-triazole Monoanion and Dianion: Controllable Preparation, Characterization, and High Performance SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FOX-7; 1,1-DIAMINO-2,2-DINITROETHYLENE; SENSITIVITY; DERIVATIVES AB Molecular modification of known explosives is considered to be an efficient route to design new energetic materials. A new family of energetic salts based on the 3,5-bis(dinitromethyl)-1,2,4-triazole monoanion and dianion were controllably synthesized by using 1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene as a precursor. X-ray structure determination of monohydrazinium 3,5-bis(dinitromethyl)-1,2,4-triazolate (5) and monoammonium (6) and diammonium 3,5-bis(dinitromethyl)-1,2,4-triazolate hydrate (8 center dot H2O) further confirmed the structures of these anions. In addition, as supported by X-ray data, in the monoanion system, the roving proton on the ring nitrogen rather than on the gem-dinitro carbon results in extensive hydrogen-bonding interactions and higher packing coefficients. Interestingly, 5 and 6 possess the highest calculated crystal densities, 1.965 and 1.957 g cm(-3) at 150 K, for hydrazinium and ammonium energetic salts, respectively. Energetic evaluation indicates that 5 (detonation velocity nu(D) = 9086 m s(-1); detonation pressure P = 38.7 GPa) and 6 (nu(D), 9271 m s(-1); P = 41.0 GPa) exhibit great detonation properties, superior to those of current highly explosive benchmarks, such as 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX). C1 [Zhang, Jiaheng; Dharavath, Srinivas; Shreeve, Jean'ne M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Mitchell, Lauren A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem, 207 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shreeve, JM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jshreeve@uidaho.edu OI Dharavath, Srinivas/0000-0002-1680-7496; Mitchell, Lauren/0000-0002-1311-0108 FU Office of Naval Research [NOOO14-16-1-2089]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA 1-15-1-0028]; CFD Research Corporation FX Financial support of the Office of Naval Research (NOOO14-16-1-2089), the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (HDTRA 1-15-1-0028), and CFD Research Corporation are gratefully acknowledged. NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 25 U2 40 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 22 PY 2016 VL 138 IS 24 BP 7500 EP 7503 DI 10.1021/jacs.6b03819 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DP6CN UT WOS:000378584600014 PM 27267735 ER PT J AU Chand, D He, CL Hooper, JP Mitchell, LA Parrish, DA Shreeve, JM AF Chand, Deepak He, Chunlin Hooper, Joseph P. Mitchell, Lauren A. Parrish, Damon A. Shreeve, Jean'ne M. TI Mono- and diiodo-1,2,3-triazoles and their mono nitro derivatives SO DALTON TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE ENERGETIC MATERIALS AB 4-Iodo-1H-1,2,3-triazole (2) and 4,5-diiodo-1H-1,2,3-triazole (3) were synthesized using an efficient and viable synthetic route. The N-alkylation of 3 resulted in the formation of two tautomers. The N-alkyldiiodo-triazoles were nitrated with 100% nitric acid to form monoiodo mononitro-triazoles. The structures of 2-methyl-4,5-dilodo-1,2,3-triazole (5), 1-ethyl-4,5-diiodo-1,2,3-triazole (6), 1-methyl-4-nitro-5-iodo-1,2,3-triazole (8) and 1-ethyl-4-nitro-5-iodo-1,2,3-triazole (10) were confirmed by X-ray crystal analysis. All of the new triazoles were fully characterized via NMR, and infrared spectra, and elemental analyses as well as by their thermal and sensitivity properties. Decomposition products calculated using Cheetah 7 software show that these iodo nitro triazoles liberate iodine. C1 [Chand, Deepak; He, Chunlin; Shreeve, Jean'ne M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Hooper, Joseph P.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Mitchell, Lauren A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem, 207 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave,Code 6030, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shreeve, JM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jshreeve@uidaho.edu OI Mitchell, Lauren/0000-0002-1311-0108 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-16-1-2089]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA 1-15-1-0028] FX Financial support from the Office of Naval Research (N00014-16-1-2089), and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (HDTRA 1-15-1-0028) is gratefully acknowledged. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 18 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1477-9226 EI 1477-9234 J9 DALTON T JI Dalton Trans. PD JUN 21 PY 2016 VL 45 IS 23 BP 9684 EP 9688 DI 10.1039/c6dt01731b PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA DP6CC UT WOS:000378583500036 PM 27226283 ER PT J AU Kim, J Oh, S Mastro, MA Kim, J AF Kim, Janghyuk Oh, Sooyeoun Mastro, Michael A. Kim, Jihyun TI Exfoliated beta-Ga2O3 nano-belt field-effect transistors for air-stable high power and high temperature electronics SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BETA-GALLIUM OXIDE; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; GRAPHENE; CARRIER; GROWTH; MOS2; GAS AB This study demonstrated the exfoliation of a two-dimensional (2D) beta-Ga2O3 nano-belt and subsequent processing into a thin film transistor structure. This mechanical exfoliation and transfer method produces beta-Ga2O3 nano-belts with a pristine surface as well as a continuous defect-free interface with the SiO2/Si substrate. This beta-Ga2O3 nano-belt based transistor displayed an on/off ratio that increased from approximately 10(4) to 10(7) over the operating temperature range of 20 degrees C to 250 degrees C. No electrical breakdown was observed in our measurements up to V-DS = +40 V and V-GS = -60 V between 25 degrees C and 250 degrees C. Additionally, the electrical characteristics were not degraded after a month-long storage in ambient air. The demonstration of high-temperature/high-voltage operation of quasi-2D beta-Ga2O3 nano-belts contrasts with traditional 2D materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides that intrinsically have limited temperature and power operational envelopes owing to their narrow bandgap. This work motivates the application of 2D beta-Ga2O3 to high power nano-electronic devices for harsh environments such as high temperature chemical sensors and photodetectors as well as the miniaturization of power circuits and cooling systems in nano-electronics. C1 [Kim, Janghyuk; Oh, Sooyeoun; Kim, Jihyun] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea. [Mastro, Michael A.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea. EM hyunhyun7@korea.ac.kr FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning [NRF-2015R1D1A1A09057970] FX The research at Korea University was supported by Basic Science Research Program (NRF-2015R1D1A1A09057970) through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korea government Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 11 U2 27 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 EI 1463-9084 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 21 PY 2016 VL 18 IS 23 BP 15760 EP 15764 DI 10.1039/c6cp01987k PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DP1IF UT WOS:000378243000034 PM 27230724 ER PT J AU Gray, KA Gresty, KJ Chen, NH Zhang, V Gutteridge, CE Peatey, CL Chavchich, M Waters, NC Cheng, Q AF Gray, Karen-Ann Gresty, Karryn J. Chen, Nanhua Zhang, Veronica Gutteridge, Clare E. Peatey, Christopher L. Chavchich, Marina Waters, Norman C. Cheng, Qin TI Correlation between Cyclin Dependent Kinases and Artemisinin-Induced Dormancy in Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN MALARIA PARASITES; CELL-CYCLE; PROTEIN-KINASE; CDC2-RELATED KINASE; PFMRK; CDK; INHIBITORS; EXPRESSION; DISCOVERY; IDENTIFICATION AB Background Artemisinin-induced dormancy provides a plausible explanation for recrudescence following artemisinin monotherapy. This phenomenon shares similarities with cell cycle arrest where cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins play an important role. Methods Transcription profiles of Plasmodium falciparum CDKs and cyclins before and after dihydroartemisinin (DHA) treatment in three parasite lines, and the effect of CDK inhibitors on parasite recovery from DHA-induced dormancy were investigated. Results After DHA treatment, parasites enter a dormancy phase followed by a recovery phase. During the dormancy phase parasites up-regulate pfcrk1, pfcrk4, pfcyc2 and pfcyc4, and down-regulate pfmrk, pfpk5, pfpk6, pfcrk3, pfcyc1 and pfcyc3. When entering the recovery phase parasites immediately up-regulate all CDK and cyclin genes. Three CDK inhibitors, olomoucine, WR636638 and roscovitine, produced distinct effects on different phases of DHA-induced dormancy, blocking parasites recovery. Conclusions The up-regulation of PfCRK1 and PfCRK4, and down regulation of other CDKs and cyclins correlate with parasite survival in the dormant state. Changes in CDK expression are likely to negatively regulate parasite progression from G1 to S phase. These findings provide new insights into the mechanism of artemisinin-induced dormancy and cell cycle regulation of P. falciparum, opening new opportunities for preventing recrudescence following artemisinin treatment. C1 [Gray, Karen-Ann; Gresty, Karryn J.; Chen, Nanhua; Zhang, Veronica; Peatey, Christopher L.; Chavchich, Marina; Cheng, Qin] Australian Army Malaria Inst, Drug Resistance & Diagnost, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Gray, Karen-Ann; Gresty, Karryn J.; Peatey, Christopher L.; Cheng, Qin] QIMR Berghofer Med Res Inst, Clin Trop Med, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Zhang, Veronica] Univ Queensland, Sch Biochem, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Gutteridge, Clare E.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Waters, Norman C.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Cheng, Q (reprint author), Australian Army Malaria Inst, Drug Resistance & Diagnost, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.; Cheng, Q (reprint author), QIMR Berghofer Med Res Inst, Clin Trop Med, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.; Waters, NC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM noman.c.waters2.mil@mail.mil; qin.cheng@defence.gov.au FU NHMRC, Australia [GNT1021273] FX The work was partially funded by NHMRC, Australia (GNT1021273). NC, CP, MC and QC are employees of the Department of Defence, Australia. CEG and NCW are employees of Department of Defense, USA. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 21 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0157906 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0157906 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DP0WU UT WOS:000378212400061 PM 27326764 ER PT J AU Lewis, TR Becker, PA Finke, JD AF Lewis, Tiffany R. Becker, Peter A. Finke, Justin D. TI TIME-DEPENDENT ELECTRON ACCELERATION IN BLAZAR TRANSIENTS: X-RAY TIME LAGS AND SPECTRAL FORMATION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 421); galaxies: jets; methods: analytical; radiative transfer; shock waves; X-rays: galaxies ID DIFFUSIVE SHOCK ACCELERATION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; RADIUS-LUMINOSITY RELATIONSHIP; HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION; BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; AGN DUSTY TORI; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; RELATIVISTIC JETS; MARKARIAN 421; COSMIC-RAYS AB Electromagnetic radiation from blazar jets often displays strong variability, extending from radio to gamma-ray frequencies. In a few cases, this variability has been characterized using Fourier time lags, such as those detected in the X-rays from Mrk 421 using BeppoSAX. The lack of a theoretical framework to interpret the data has motivated us to develop a new model for the formation of the X-ray spectrum and the time lags in blazar jets based on a transport equation including terms describing stochastic Fermi acceleration, synchrotron losses, shock acceleration, adiabatic expansion, and spatial diffusion. We derive the exact solution for the Fourier transform of the electron distribution and use it to compute the Fourier transform of the synchrotron radiation spectrum and the associated X-ray time lags. The same theoretical framework is also used to compute the peak flare X-ray spectrum, assuming that a steady-state electron distribution is achieved during the peak of the flare. The model parameters are constrained by comparing the theoretical predictions with the observational data for Mrk 421. The resulting integrated model yields, for the first time, a complete first-principles physical explanation for both the formation of the observed time lags and the shape of the peak flare X-ray spectrum. It also yields direct estimates of the strength of the shock and the stochastic magnetohydrodynamical wave acceleration components in the Mrk 421 jet. C1 [Lewis, Tiffany R.; Becker, Peter A.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Finke, Justin D.] US Naval Res Lab, Code 7653,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Becker, PA (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM tlewis13@gmu.edu; pbecker@gmu.edu; justin.finke@nrl.navy.mil OI Becker, Peter/0000-0002-3718-1293 FU Chief of Naval Research FX The authors are grateful to the anonymous referee for making several insightful observations that stimulated significant improvements in the manuscript, especially regarding the interpretation of the time lag results, and the associated light curves. J.D.F. acknowledges support from the Chief of Naval Research. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 2 AR 108 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/2/108 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0RS UT WOS:000381912800044 ER PT J AU Reep, JW Brown, JC AF Reep, J. W. Brown, J. C. TI AMENDED RESULTS FOR HARD X-RAY EMISSION BY NON-THERMAL THICK TARGET RECOMBINATION IN SOLAR FLARES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic processes; Sun: corona; Sun: flares; Sun: X-rays; gamma rays ID NEGLECTED SOURCE; STATISTICS; ELECTRONS; RHESSI AB Brown & Mallik and the corresponding corrigendum Brown et al. presented expressions for non-thermal recombination (NTR) in the collisionally thin- and thick-target regimes, claiming that the process could account for a substantial part of the hard X-ray continuum in solar flares usually attributed entirely to thermal and non-thermal bremsstrahlung (NTB). However, we have found the thick-target expression to become unphysical for low cut-offs in the injected electron energy spectrum. We trace this to an error in the derivation, derive a corrected version that is real-valued and continuous for all photon energies and cut-offs, and show that, for thick targets, Brown et al. overestimated NTR emission at small photon energies. The regime of small cut-offs and large spectral indices involve large (reducing) correction factors but in some other thick-target parameter regimes NTR/NTB can still be of the order of unity. We comment on the importance of these results to flare and microflare modeling and spectral fitting. An empirical fit to our results shows that the peak NTR contribution comprises over half of the hard X-ray signal if delta greater than or similar to 6(E-0C/4 ke V)(0.4) C1 [Reep, J. W.] US Navy, Res Lab, Natl Res Council Postdoc Program, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Brown, J. C.] Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. RP Reep, JW (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Natl Res Council Postdoc Program, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jeffrey.reep.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; john.brown@glasgow.ac.uk OI Reep, Jeffrey/0000-0003-4739-1152 FU NASA; STFC Consolidated Grant FX This research was performed while J.W.R. held an NRC Research Associateship award at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory with support from NASA. J.C.B. is grateful to J.W.R. for picking up on the further error in the Erratum (Brown et al. 2010) and acknowledges the support of an STFC Consolidated Grant. We thank Harry Warren for suggestions that improved this work, particularly in regards to efficient fitting methods. We also thank the anonymous referees for comments that clarified and improved the content of this paper. CHIANTI is a collaborative project involving George Mason University, the University of Michigan (USA) and the University of Cambridge (UK). NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 2 AR 90 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/2/90 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0RS UT WOS:000381912800026 ER PT J AU Youngblood, A France, K Loyd, ROP Linsky, JL Redfield, S Schneider, PC Wood, BE Brown, A Froning, C Miguel, Y Rugheimer, S Walkowicz, L AF Youngblood, Allison France, Kevin Loyd, R. O. Parke Linsky, Jeffrey L. Redfield, Seth Schneider, P. Christian Wood, Brian E. Brown, Alexander Froning, Cynthia Miguel, Yamila Rugheimer, Sarah Walkowicz, Lucianne TI THE MUSCLES TREASURY SURVEY. II. INTRINSIC LY alpha AND EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRA OF K AND M DWARFS WITH EXOPLANETS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: clouds; stars: low-mass ID LOCAL INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; POTENTIALLY HABITABLE PLANETS; LOW-MASS STARS; LYMAN-ALPHA; X-RAY; MAGNETIC-STRUCTURE; EMISSION-LINES; COOL STARS; ATOMIC DATABASE; UV-RADIATION AB The ultraviolet (UV) spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of low-mass (K- and M-type) stars play a critical role in the heating and chemistry of exoplanet atmospheres, but are not observationally well-constrained. Direct observations of the intrinsic flux of the Ly alpha line (the dominant source of UV photons from low-mass stars) are challenging, as interstellar HI absorbs the entire line core for even the closest stars. To address the existing gap in empirical constraints on the UV flux of K and M dwarfs, the MUSCLES Hubble Space Telescope Treasury Survey has obtained UV observations of 11 nearby M and K dwarfs hosting exoplanets. This paper presents the Ly alpha and extreme-UV spectral reconstructions for the MUSCLES targets. Most targets are optically inactive, but all exhibit significant UV activity. We use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique to correct the observed Ly alpha profiles for interstellar absorption, and we employ empirical relations to compute the extreme-UV SED from the intrinsic Ly alpha flux in similar to 100 angstrom bins from 100-1170 angstrom. The reconstructed Ly alpha profiles have 300 km s(-1) broad cores, while >1% of the total intrinsic Ly alpha flux is measured in extended wings between 300 and 1200 km s(-1). The Ly alpha surface flux positively correlates with the Mg II surface flux and negatively correlates with the stellar rotation period. Stars with larger Ly alpha surface flux also tend to have larger surface flux in ions formed at higher temperatures, but these correlations remain statistically insignificant in our sample of 11 stars. We also present H I column density measurements for 10 new sightlines through the local interstellar medium. C1 [Youngblood, Allison; France, Kevin; Loyd, R. O. Parke] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, 600 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Linsky, Jeffrey L.] Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Linsky, Jeffrey L.] NIST, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Redfield, Seth] Wesleyan Univ, Dept Astron, Middletown, CT 06459 USA. [Redfield, Seth] Wesleyan Univ, Van Vleck Observ, Middletown, CT 06459 USA. [Schneider, P. Christian] European Space Res & Technol Ctr ESA ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Wood, Brian E.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Brown, Alexander] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, 389 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Froning, Cynthia] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Miguel, Yamila] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Observ Cote Azur, Lab Lagrange, CNRS, Blvd Observ,CS 34229, F-06304 Nice 4, France. [Rugheimer, Sarah] Univ St Andrews, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Irvine Bldg, St Andrews KY16 9AL, Fife, Scotland. [Walkowicz, Lucianne] Adler Planetarium, 1300 S Lakeshore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. RP Youngblood, A (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, 600 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM allison.youngblood@colorado.edu FU HST Guest Observing programs [12464, 13650]; COS Science Team Guaranteed Time programs [12034, 12035]; NASA [HST-GO-12464.01, HST-GO-13650.01]; Simons Foundation [339489] FX The data presented here were obtained as part of the HST Guest Observing programs #12464 and #13650 as well as the COS Science Team Guaranteed Time programs #12034 and #12035. This work was supported by NASA grants HST-GO-12464.01 and HST-GO-13650.01 to the University of Colorado at Boulder. We thank Rebecca Nevin and Evan Tilton for helpful discussions that shaped our methodology, and we thank the anonymous referee for suggestions that improved the discussion of the emission line correlations. Sarah Rugheimer would like to acknowledge support from the Simons Foundation (339489, Rugheimer). NR 70 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 2 AR 101 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/2/101 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0RS UT WOS:000381912800037 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Anantua, R Asano, K Baldini, L Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Gonzalez, JB Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonino, R Bottacini, E Bruel, P Buehler, R Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caragiulo, M Caraveo, PA Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Cheung, CC Chiang, J Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Cohen-Tanugi, J Costanza, F Cutini, S D'Ammando, F De Palma, F Desiante, R Digel, SW Di Lalla, N Di Mauro, M Di Venere, L Drell, PS Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Grenier, IA Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hayashida, M Hays, E Horan, D Johannesson, G Kensei, S Kocevski, D Kuss, M La Mura, G Larsson, S Latronico, L Li, J Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Magill, JD Maldera, S Manfreda, A Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN Michelson, PF Mirabal, N Mizuno, T Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Nalewajko, K Negro, M Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Orlando, E Paneque, D Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Principe, G Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Scargle, JD Sgro, C Sikora, M Simone, D Siskind, EJ Spada, F Spinelli, P Stawarz, L Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Torres, DF Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Yuan, Y Zimmer, S AF Ackermann, M. Anantua, R. Asano, K. Baldini, L. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Gonzalez, J. Becerra Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonino, R. Bottacini, E. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caragiulo, M. Caraveo, P. A. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Costanza, F. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. De Palma, F. Desiante, R. Digel, S. W. Di Lalla, N. Di Mauro, M. Di Venere, L. Drell, P. S. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Grenier, I. A. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Horan, D. Johannesson, G. Kensei, S. Kocevski, D. Kuss, M. La Mura, G. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Li, J. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Magill, J. D. Maldera, S. Manfreda, A. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. Michelson, P. F. Mirabal, N. Mizuno, T. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Nalewajko, K. Negro, M. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Orlando, E. Paneque, D. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Principe, G. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Scargle, J. D. Sgro, C. Sikora, M. Simone, D. Siskind, E. J. Spada, F. Spinelli, P. Stawarz, L. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Torres, D. F. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Yuan, Y. Zimmer, S. TI MINUTE-TIMESCALE > 100 MeV gamma-RAY VARIABILITY DURING THE GIANT OUTBURST OF QUASAR 3C 279 OBSERVED BY FERMI-LAT IN 2015 JUNE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; gamma rays: galaxies; quasars: individual (3C 279); radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; RAPID VARIABILITY; RELATIVISTIC JET; CRAB-NEBULA; EMISSION; BLAZARS; RADIATION; FLARES; LOCATION AB On 2015 June 16, Fermi- LAT observed a giant outburst from the flat spectrum radio quasar 3C 279 with a peak >100 MeV flux of similar to 3.6 x 10(-5) photons cm(-2) s(-1), averaged over orbital period intervals. It is historically the highest gamma-ray flux observed from the source, including past EGRET observations, with the gamma-ray isotropic luminosity reaching similar to 10(49) erg s(-1). During the outburst, the Fermi spacecraft, which has an orbital period of 95.4 minutes, was operated in a special pointing mode to optimize the exposure for 3C 279. For the first time, significant flux variability at sub-orbital timescales was found in blazar observations by Fermi- LAT. The source flux variability was resolved down to 2-minute binned timescales, with flux doubling times of less than 5 minutes. The observed minute-scale variability suggests a very compact emission region at hundreds of Schwarzschild radii from the central engine in conical jet models. A minimum bulk jet Lorentz factor (Gamma) of 35 is necessary to avoid both internal gamma-ray absorption and super-Eddington jet power. In the standard external radiation Comptonization scenario, G should be at least 50 to avoid overproducing the synchrotron self-Compton component. However, this predicts extremely low magnetization (similar to 5 x 10(-4)). Equipartition requires Gamma as high as 120, unless the emitting region is a small fraction of the dissipation region. Alternatively, we consider. rays originating as synchrotron radiation of gamma e similar to 1.6 x 10(6) electrons, in a magnetic field B similar to 1.3 kG, accelerated by strong electric fields E similar to B in the process of magnetoluminescence. At such short distance scales, one cannot immediately exclude the production of gamma-rays in hadronic processes. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Anantua, R.; Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Digel, S. W.; Di Mauro, M.; Drell, P. S.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Yuan, Y.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Anantua, R.; Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Digel, S. W.; Di Mauro, M.; Drell, P. S.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Thayer, J. B.; Yuan, Y.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Asano, K.; Hayashida, M.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Di Lalla, N.; Manfreda, A.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spada, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Chiaro, G.; La Mura, G.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Gonzalez, J. Becerra; Ferrara, E. C.; Hays, E.; Kocevski, D.; Mirabal, N.; Perkins, J. S.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Gonzalez, J. Becerra; Magill, J. D.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gonzalez, J. Becerra; Magill, J. D.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bissaldi, E.; Caragiulo, M.; Costanza, F.; De Palma, F.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Simone, D.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Desiante, R.; Latronico, L.; Negro, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Negro, M.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caraveo, P. A.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Cutini, S.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Lubrano, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cheung, C. C.; Lovellette, M. N.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.] Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier, France. [D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Kensei, S.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Funk, S.; Principe, G.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Grenier, I. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, Serv Astrophys, CEA Saclay, Lab AIM,CEA,IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Guillemot, L.] Univ Orleans, CNRS, Lab Phys & Chim Environm & Espace, F-45071 Orleans 02, France. [Guillemot, L.] INSU, CNRS, Observ Paris, Stn Radioastron Nancay, F-18330 Nancay, France. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Larsson, S.] AlbaNova, KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Larsson, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, Inst Space Sci IEEC, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Lott, B.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Nalewajko, K.; Sikora, M.] Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Razzaque, S.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, POB 524, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa. [Reimer, A.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Div Space Sci, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Stawarz, L.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Uchiyama, Y.] Dept Phys, Toshima Ku, 3-34-1 Nishi Ikebukuro, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. [Zimmer, S.] Univ Geneva, DPNC, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. RP Madejski, GM (reprint author), Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Madejski, GM (reprint author), Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Hayashida, M (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan.; Nalewajko, K (reprint author), Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. EM mahaya@icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp; madejski@slac.stanford.edu; knalew@camk.edu.pl RI Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; OI Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; DI MAURO, MATTIA/0000-0003-2759-5625 FU NASA (United States); DOE (United States); CEA/Irfu (France); IN2P3/CNRS (France); ASI (Italy); NFN (Italy); MEXT (Japan); KEK (Japan); JAXA (Japan); K.A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; National Space Board (Sweden); INAF (Italy); CNES (France); JSPS KAKENHI [JP15K17640] FX The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges support for LAT development, operation, and data analysis from NASA and DOE (United States), CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS (France), ASI and INFN (Italy), MEXT, KEK, and JAXA (Japan), and the K.A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board (Sweden). Science analysis support in the operations phase from INAF (Italy) and CNES (France) is also gratefully acknowledged. M.H. acknowledges support by JSPS KAKENHI grant number JP15K17640. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 2 AR L20 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/824/2/L20 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DP0GU UT WOS:000378168200004 ER PT J AU Geum, YH Kim, YI Neta, B AF Geum, Young Hee Kim, Young Ik Neta, Beny TI A sixth-order family of three-point modified Newton-like multiple-root finders and the dynamics behind their extraneous fixed points SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Multiple-zero finder; Extraneous fixed point; Modified Newton's method; Basins of attraction ID DERIVATIVE-FREE METHODS; HIGHER-ORDER METHODS; NONLINEAR EQUATIONS; ITERATION FUNCTIONS; 4TH-ORDER METHODS; CONVERGENCE; ATTRACTION; BASINS AB A class of three-point sixth-order multiple-root finders and the dynamics behind their extraneous fixed points are investigated by extending modified Newton-like methods with the introduction of the multivariate weight functions in the intermediate steps. The multivariate weight functions dependent on function-to-function ratios play a key role in constructing higher-order iterative methods. Extensive investigation of extraneous fixed points of the proposed iterative methods is carried out for the study of the dynamics associated with corresponding basins of attraction. Numerical experiments applied to a number of test equations strongly support the underlying theory pursued in this paper. Relevant dynamics of the proposed methods is well presented with a variety of illustrative basins of attraction applied to various test polynomials. (c) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Geum, Young Hee; Kim, Young Ik] Dankook Univ, Dept Appl Math, Cheonan 330714, South Korea. [Neta, Beny] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kim, YI (reprint author), Dankook Univ, Dept Appl Math, Cheonan 330714, South Korea. EM conpana@empas.com; yikbell@yahoo.co.kr; bneta@nps.edu FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea - Ministry of Education [2015-R1D1A3A-01020808] FX The first author (Y.H. Geum) was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education under the research grant (Project Number: 2015-R1D1A3A-01020808). NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 EI 1873-5649 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD JUN 20 PY 2016 VL 283 BP 120 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2016.02.029 PG 21 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA DI0LH UT WOS:000373187400010 ER PT J AU Steinkamp, FL DeGreeff, LE Collins, GE Rose-Pehrsson, SL AF Steinkamp, Frank Lucus DeGreeff, Lauryn E. Collins, Greg E. Rose-Pehrsson, Susan L. TI Factors affecting the intramolecular decomposition of hexamethylene triperoxide diamine and implications for detection SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE Hexamethylene triperoxide diamine; Peroxide explosives; Explosives detection; Decomposition pathway ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; VAPOR-PRESSURES; EXPLOSIVES; HMTD AB Hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD) is an easily synthesized and highly sensitive organic peroxide frequently used as a primary explosive. The vapor pressure of HMTD is very low, impeding vapor detection, especially when compared to other peroxide explosives, such as triacetone triperoxide (TATP) or diacetone diperoxide (DADP). Despite this fact, HMTD has a perceptible odor that could be utilized in the indirect detection of HMTD vapor. Headspace measurements above solid HMTD samples confirm that HMTD readily decomposes under ambient conditions to form highly volatile products that include formic acid, ammonia, trimethylamine and formamides. The presence and quantity of these compounds are affected by storage condition, time, and synthetic method, with synthetic method having the most significant effect on the content of the headspace. A kinetic study of HMTD decomposition in solution indicated a correlation between degradation rate and the presence of decomposition species identified in the headspace, and provided further insight into the mechanism of decomposition. The study provided evidence for a proton assisted decomposition reaction with water, as well as an intramolecular decomposition process facilitated by the presence of water. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Steinkamp, Frank Lucus; DeGreeff, Lauryn E.; Collins, Greg E.; Rose-Pehrsson, Susan L.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP DeGreeff, LE (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM frank.steinkamp.ctr@navy.mil; lauryn.degreeff@nrl.navy.mil; greg.collins@nrl.navy.mil; susan.rosepehrsson@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Science and Technology Directorate, Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects Agency, Explosives Division; Jerome and Isabella Karle Distinguished Scholar Fellowship through US Naval Research Laboratory FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Federal Bureau of Investigations Explosives Unit and Tripwire Operations for supplying the explosives used in this study. The authors would also like to thank the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Science and Technology Directorate, Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects Agency, Explosives Division for their guidance and funding. Additional funding for this work was provided by the Jerome and Isabella Karle Distinguished Scholar Fellowship through the US Naval Research Laboratory. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 EI 1873-3778 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JUN 17 PY 2016 VL 1451 BP 83 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.013 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA DO4BD UT WOS:000377725900010 PM 27207576 ER PT J AU Hare, BM Uman, MA Dwyer, JR Jordan, DM Biggerstaff, MI Caicedo, JA Carvalho, FL Wilkes, RA Kotovsky, DA Gamerota, WR Pilkey, JT Ngin, TK Moore, RC Rassoul, HK Cummer, SA Grove, JE Nag, A Betten, DP Bozarth, A AF Hare, B. M. Uman, M. A. Dwyer, J. R. Jordan, D. M. Biggerstaff, M. I. Caicedo, J. A. Carvalho, F. L. Wilkes, R. A. Kotovsky, D. A. Gamerota, W. R. Pilkey, J. T. Ngin, T. K. Moore, R. C. Rassoul, H. K. Cummer, S. A. Grove, J. E. Nag, A. Betten, D. P. Bozarth, A. TI Ground-level observation of a terrestrial gamma ray flash initiated by a triggered lightning SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID THUNDERSTORM; MECHANISM; CHARGE; ELECTRIFICATION; ASSOCIATION; FLORIDA; RADAR; AIR AB We report on a terrestrial gamma ray flash (TGF) that occurred on 15 August 2014 coincident with an altitude-triggered lightning at the International Center for Lightning Research and Testing (ICLRT) in North Central Florida. The TGF was observed by a ground-level network of gamma ray, close electric field, distant magnetic field, Lightning Mapping Array (LMA), optical, and radar measurements. Simultaneous gamma ray and LMA data indicate that the upward positive leader of the triggered lightning flash induced relativistic runaway electron avalanches when the leader tip was at about 3.5 km altitude, resulting in the observed TGF. Channel luminosity and electric field data show that there was an initial continuous current (ICC) pulse in the lightning channel to ground during the time of the TGF. Modeling of the observed ICC pulse electric fields measured at close range (100-200 m) indicates that the ICC pulse current had both a slow and fast component (full widths at half maximum of 235 mu s and 59 mu s) and that the fast component was more or less coincident with the TGF, suggesting a physical association between the relativistic runaway electron avalanches and the ICC pulse observed at ground. Our ICC pulse model reproduces moderately well the measured close electric fields at the ICLRT as well as three independent magnetic field measurements made about 250 km away. Radar and LMA data suggest that there was negative charge near the region in which the TGF was initiated. C1 [Hare, B. M.] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Uman, M. A.; Jordan, D. M.; Caicedo, J. A.; Carvalho, F. L.; Wilkes, R. A.; Kotovsky, D. A.; Gamerota, W. R.; Pilkey, J. T.; Ngin, T. K.; Moore, R. C.] Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL USA. [Dwyer, J. R.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Dwyer, J. R.] Univ New Hampshire, Space Sci Ctr EOS, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Biggerstaff, M. I.; Betten, D. P.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Rassoul, H. K.; Bozarth, A.] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Cummer, S. A.] Duke Univ, Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC USA. [Grove, J. E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nag, A.] Vaisala Inc, Louisville, CO USA. RP Hare, BM (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM hare@phys.ufl.edu OI Carvalho, Felipe/0000-0001-8308-1907 FU Darpa [FA8650-15-C-7535, HR0011-1-10-1-0061]; National Science Foundation [AGS-1063537, AGS-1519236] FX This research was supported in part by Darpa grant FA8650-15-C-7535 and Darpa contract HR0011-1-10-1-0061. J.E.G. was supported by the Chief of Naval Research. The OU radar team was supported by National Science Foundation grant AGS-1063537. All data in this paper are available from M.A. Uman (uman@ece.ufl.edu). JRD was partially supported by National Science Foundation Grant AGS-1519236. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 16 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 11 BP 6511 EP 6533 DI 10.1002/2015JD024426 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DT6YT UT WOS:000381631700023 ER PT J AU Steuben, JC Iliopoulos, AP Michopoulos, JG AF Steuben, John C. Iliopoulos, Athanasios P. Michopoulos, John G. TI Discrete element modeling of particle-based additive manufacturing processes SO COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Additive manufacturing; Discrete Element Methods; Selective Laser Sintering; Selective Laser Melting; Electron Beam Melting; Multiphysics ID DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; FABRICATION PARAMETERS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LASER; POWDERS; SIMULATION; DEM; ALLOY; PARTS; HYDRODYNAMICS AB A critical element for the design, characterization, and certification of materials and products produced by additive manufacturing processes is the ability to accurately and efficiently model the associated materials and processes. This is necessary for tailoring these processes to endow the associated products with proper geometrical and functional features. In an effort to address these needs in a computationally elegant and at the same time physically realistic manner, this paper presents the development of a methodology for simulating particle-based additive manufacturing processes, which employs the Discrete Element Method (DEM) extended to incorporate thermal physics. The details of the DEM-based methodology are presented first and the approach is demonstrated on a pair of test problems involving laser sintering of metal powders. The paper concludes with a discussion on how this approach may be generalized to broader classes of additive manufacturing systems, and details are given regarding future work necessary to further develop the present methodology. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Steuben, John C.; Iliopoulos, Athanasios P.; Michopoulos, John G.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Mat Phys & Technol, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Michopoulos, JG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Mat Phys & Technol, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.michopoulos@nrl.navy.mil OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory; National Research Council FX The authors acknowledge support for this work by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's core funding, as well as the National Research Council's Research Associateship Program. NR 91 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 19 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0045-7825 EI 1879-2138 J9 COMPUT METHOD APPL M JI Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng. PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 305 BP 537 EP 561 DI 10.1016/j.cma.2016.02.023 PG 25 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA DL0NR UT WOS:000375330200024 ER PT J AU Huang, YW Shang, QK Wang, D Yang, S Guan, HY Lu, Q Tsang, SC AF Huang, Yanwei Shang, Qingkun Wang, Dan Yang, Shuang Guan, Hongyu Lu, Qin Tsang, Shik Chi TI Effects of electronic structure and interfacial interaction between metal-quinoline complexes and TiO2 on visible light photocatalytic activity of TiO2 SO APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL LA English DT Article DE Interfacial interaction; Metal-quinoline complex; TiO2; Visible light photocatalytic activity ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SENSITIZED TIO2; SOLAR-CELLS; SURFACE; DEGRADATION; TITANIA; ANATASE; RUTILE AB Two metal-quinoline complexes, Fe(III)-8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid (Fe-HQS) and Er(III)-8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid (Er-HQS), were used as sensitizers of TiO2 for improving visible light photocatalytic activity of TiO2. UV-vis spectra, X-ray Diffraction, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscope and Transmission Electron Microscope were put to use to characterize the structure and morphology of Fe-HQS-TiO2 and Er-HQS-TiO2. The effects of interfacial electron transfer and energy level matching between each complex and TiO2 were researched intensively. Er-HQS-TiO2 and Fe-HQS-TiO2 exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity on photodecomposition of phenol in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation comparing to that of pure TiO2. According to photoelectrochemical response property and theoretical calculation of energy levels, two possible energy matching modes and photoelectron transmission pathways were proposed to explain the effects of Fe-HQS and Er-HQS on the interfacial interaction between metal-HQS complex and TiO2, and their different photocatalytic activities under visible light irradiation. The work in this paper indicated that metal-HQS complex with appropriate electronic structure and HOMO-LUMO energy levels relative to the band gap of TiO2 played a major role in improving TiO2 photocatalytic activity. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Huang, Yanwei; Shang, Qingkun; Wang, Dan; Yang, Shuang; Guan, Hongyu] NE Normal Univ, Fac Chem, Changchun 130024, Peoples R China. [Lu, Qin; Tsang, Shik Chi] Univ Oxford, Dept Chem, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3QR, England. [Lu, Qin] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shang, QK (reprint author), NE Normal Univ, Fac Chem, Changchun 130024, Peoples R China.; Tsang, SC (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Chem, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3QR, England. EM shangqk995@nenu.edu.cn; edman.tsang@chem.ox.ac.uk FU National Natural Science Foundation of China NSFC [21573039, 51102042]; Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Project [20140414021GH, 200905932]; Jilin Provence Environmental Protection Department Project [2008-22]; Jilin Province Personnel Department Project FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support by National Natural Science Foundation of China NSFC (21573039, 51102042), Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Project (20140414021GH, 200905932), Jilin Provence Environmental Protection Department Project (2008-22), and Jilin Province Personnel Department Project for supporting study abroad and return. We gratefully acknowledge Prof. Yongqing Qiu and Functional Materials Institute of Northeast Normal University for their helpful theoretical calculations. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 65 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-3373 EI 1873-3883 J9 APPL CATAL B-ENVIRON JI Appl. Catal. B-Environ. PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 187 BP 59 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.apcatb.2016.01.025 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA DG2ZO UT WOS:000371939500007 ER PT J AU Heitmann, AA Stace, JA Lim, LC Amin, AH AF Heitmann, Adam A. Stace, Joseph A. Lim, Leong-Chew Amin, Ahmed H. TI Influence of compressive stress and electric field on the stability of [011] poled and [0(1)over-bar1] oriented 31-mode PZN-0.055PT single crystals SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MORPHOTROPIC PHASE-BOUNDARY; PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTIES; PZN-PT; COMPLEX PEROVSKITES; SOUND PROJECTORS; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIOR; FERROELECTRICS; DIFFRACTION AB The effect of compressive stress, in the presence of an electrical field along the [011] direction, on the phase transition stability of [0 (1) over bar1] oriented and [011] poled relaxor (1 - x)Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PZN-PT) single crystals in the transverse length extensional 31-mode geometry is investigated. The thermal, electrical, and mechanical stability range for operation lacking elastic instabilities is identified and compared with conventional 33 and 32-mode geometries with the near morphotropic composition of x similar to 0.055. It is found that the 31-mode geometry retains the stable, room temperature ferroelectric rhombohedral (R) symmetry up to and exceeding compressive stresses, along the [0 (1) over bar1] direction, of 90 MPa under zero field conditions. Under zero stress conditions, a phase transformation from the stable rhombohedral symmetry to the low symmetry ferroelectric orthorhombic (O) phase occurs in the presence of an electric field of 0.85 MV/m. Stabilization of the R-O phase transformation against electric field drive occurs as a function of compressive prestress, similar to the 33-mode geometry. And, under sufficiently large compressive stress, an R-T (or R-M-A-T) transformation is identified and discussed. C1 [Heitmann, Adam A.; Stace, Joseph A.; Amin, Ahmed H.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Lim, Leong-Chew] Microfine Mat Technol Pte Ltd, 10 Bukit Batok Crescent,06-02 Spire, Singapore 658079, Singapore. RP Heitmann, AA (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM adam.heitmann@navy.mil FU Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Newport FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial and technical support received from the Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Newport. We would also like to thank Professor L. C. Lim of Microfine Materials Technologies Ptc Ltd., Singapore, for supplying the crystals used in this work. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 14 PY 2016 VL 119 IS 22 AR 224101 DI 10.1063/1.4953380 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DQ0XP UT WOS:000378925400012 ER PT J AU Lee, MS McGuffey, EJ Morris, JS Manyam, G Baladandayuthapani, V Wei, W Morris, V Overman, MJ Maru, DM Jiang, ZQ Hamilton, SR Kopetz, S AF Lee, Michael S. McGuffey, Elizabeth J. Morris, Jeffrey S. Manyam, Ganiraju Baladandayuthapani, Veerabahdran Wei, Wei Morris, Van K. Overman, Michael J. Maru, Dipen M. Jiang, Zhi-Qin Hamilton, Stanley R. Kopetz, Scott TI Association of CpG island methylator phenotype and EREG/AREG methylation and expression in colorectal cancer SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article DE EREG; AREG; CIMP; cetuximab; methylation ID GENE-EXPRESSION; 1ST-LINE TREATMENT; DNA METHYLATION; PLUS IRINOTECAN; PRIMARY TUMORS; RAS MUTATIONS; CETUXIMAB; BENEFIT; KRAS; CHEMOTHERAPY AB Background: High EREG and AREG expression, and left-sided primary tumours are associated with superior efficacy of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), but a unifying explanation of these findings is lacking. Methods: RNA-seq, gene expression arrays, and DNA methylation profiling were completed on 179 CRC tumours. Results were validated using independent The Cancer Genome Atlas data sets. An independent cohort of 198 KRAS wild-type metastatic CRC tumours was tested for CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) status, and progression-free survival (PFS) with the first anti-EGFR regimen was retrospectively determined. Results: EREG and AREG expression was highly inversely correlated with methylation and was inversely associated with right-sided primary tumour, BRAF mutation, and CIMP-high status. Treatment of CRC cell lines with hypomethylating agents decreased methylation and increased expression of EREG. Inferior PFS with anti-EGFR therapy was associated with CIMP-high status, BRAF mutation, NRAS mutation, and right-sided primary tumour on univariate analysis. Among known BRAF/NRAS wild-type tumours, inferior PFS remained associated with CIMP-high status (median PFS 5.6 vs 9.0 mo, P = 0.023). Conclusions: EREG and AREG are strongly regulated by methylation, and their expression is associated with CIMP status and primary tumour site, which may explain the association of primary tumour site and EREG/AREG expression with anti-EGFR therapy efficacy. C1 [Lee, Michael S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Div Hematol Oncol, 170 Manning Dr,CB 7305, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Lee, Michael S.] Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, 170 Manning Dr,CB 7295, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [McGuffey, Elizabeth J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, 572C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Morris, Jeffrey S.; Manyam, Ganiraju; Baladandayuthapani, Veerabahdran; Wei, Wei] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Biostat, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Morris, Van K.; Overman, Michael J.; Jiang, Zhi-Qin; Kopetz, Scott] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Gastrointestinal Med Oncol, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Maru, Dipen M.; Hamilton, Stanley R.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Pathol, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Kopetz, S (reprint author), Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Gastrointestinal Med Oncol, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM skopetz@mdanderson.org FU American Society of Clinical Oncology Conquer Cancer Foundation Young Investigator Awards; NIH [R01 CA160736, R01 CA172670, R01 CA184843]; NCI Cancer Center Support Grant (CCSG) [P30 CA016672] FX This research was supported by American Society of Clinical Oncology Conquer Cancer Foundation Young Investigator Awards individually granted to MSL and VKM; NIH R01 CA160736 (to VB); NCI Cancer Center Support Grant (CCSG) P30 CA016672 (to VB, WW, and SK); NIH R01 CA172670 (to SK), and NIH R01 CA184843 (to SK). NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0007-0920 EI 1532-1827 J9 BRIT J CANCER JI Br. J. Cancer PD JUN 14 PY 2016 VL 114 IS 12 BP 1352 EP 1361 DI 10.1038/bjc.2016.87 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA DO8WZ UT WOS:000378067500019 PM 27272216 ER PT J AU Zhang, CF Beidaghi, M Naguib, M Lukatskaya, MR Zhao, MQ Dyatkin, B Cook, KM Kim, SJ Eng, B Xiao, X Long, DH Qiao, WM Dunn, B Gogotsi, Y AF Zhang, Chuanfang Beidaghi, Majid Naguib, Michael Lukatskaya, Maria R. Zhao, Meng-Qiang Dyatkin, Boris Cook, Kevin M. Kim, Seon Joon Eng, Brandon Xiao, Xu Long, Donghui Qiao, Wenming Dunn, Bruce Gogotsi, Yury TI Synthesis and Charge Storage Properties of Hierarchical Niobium Pentoxide/Carbon/Niobium Carbide (MXene) Hybrid Materials SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY-STORAGE; TRANSITION-METAL CARBIDES; INTERCALATION PSEUDOCAPACITANCE; 2-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS; LI+-INTERCALATION; ION BATTERY; CARBON; NB2O5; PERFORMANCE; NANOCOMPOSITES AB Orthorhombic niobium pentoxide (T-Nb2O5) offers high capacitance and fast charging-discharging rate capabilities when used as an electrode material for Li-ion capacitors. A homogeneous distribution of T-Nb2O5 nano particles in a highly conductive matrix represents a promising approach to maximize its energy and power densities. Here we report a one-step CO2 oxidation of two-dimensional (2D) Nb2CTx, a member of the MXenes family of 2D transition metal carbides, which leads to a hierarchical hybrid material with T-Nb2O5 nanoparticles uniformly supported on the surface of Nb2CTx sheets with disordered carbon. The oxidation temperature, duration, and CO2 flow rate determine the T-Nb2O5 crystallite size as well as the structure, composition, and the charge storage properties of the hybrid material. Fifty micrometer thick electrodes of the hybrid material exhibit high capacitance (330 C g(-1) and 660 mF cm(-2) at a charge-discharge time of 4 min) and good cycling performance in a nonaqueous lithium electrolyte. The charge storage kinetics are dominated by a surface-controlled process. The observed electrochemical performance is attributed to the intrinsic pseudocapacitive response and excellent energy storage capability of T-Nb2O5 coupled with the fast charge transfer pathways provided by the conductive 2D Nb2CTx sheets and the as-formed disordered carbon. C1 [Zhang, Chuanfang; Beidaghi, Majid; Naguib, Michael; Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Zhao, Meng-Qiang; Dyatkin, Boris; Cook, Kevin M.; Kim, Seon Joon; Eng, Brandon; Gogotsi, Yury] Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Zhang, Chuanfang; Beidaghi, Majid; Naguib, Michael; Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Zhao, Meng-Qiang; Dyatkin, Boris; Cook, Kevin M.; Kim, Seon Joon; Eng, Brandon; Gogotsi, Yury] Drexel Univ, AJ Drexel Nanomat Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Zhang, Chuanfang; Long, Donghui; Qiao, Wenming] E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Chem Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Xu] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Wuhan Natl Lab Optoelect, Sch Opt & Elect Informat, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China. [Dunn, Bruce] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Zhang, Chuanfang] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Chem, CRANN, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Beidaghi, Majid] Auburn Univ, Wilmore Labs 275, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Naguib, Michael] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Lukatskaya, Maria R.] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Dyatkin, Boris] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cook, Kevin M.] Naval Air Syst Command, Mat Engn Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. [Kim, Seon Joon] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn BK21 Plus, 291 Daehak Ro, Taejon 305701, South Korea. RP Gogotsi, Y (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.; Gogotsi, Y (reprint author), Drexel Univ, AJ Drexel Nanomat Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.; Long, DH (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Chem Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China.; Dunn, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM longdh@ecust.edu.cn; bdunn@ucla.edu; gogotsi@drexel.edu RI Long, Donghui/B-7290-2011; OI Long, Donghui/0000-0002-3179-4822; Dyatkin, Boris/0000-0001-7537-2181 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Electricity, Delivery and Energy Reliability, Energy Storage Systems Program, through Sandia National Laboratory; Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC) [201206740035] FX The work reported in this study was performed at Drexel University and University of California, Los Angeles. The authors greatly appreciate the support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Electricity, Delivery and Energy Reliability, Energy Storage Systems Program, through Sandia National Laboratory. C.F.Z. was supported by the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC, No. 201206740035). Electron microscopy, XPS, and XRD analyses were carried out at the Drexel University Core Facilities. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 67 U2 132 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUN 14 PY 2016 VL 28 IS 11 BP 3937 EP 3943 DI 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01244 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA DO8EW UT WOS:000378016400046 ER PT J AU Gopman, DB Dennis, CL Chen, PJ Iunin, YL Finkel, P Staruch, M Shull, RD AF Gopman, D. B. Dennis, C. L. Chen, P. J. Iunin, Y. L. Finkel, P. Staruch, M. Shull, R. D. TI Strain-assisted magnetization reversal in Co/Ni multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID FILMS AB Multifunctional materials composed of ultrathin magnetic films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy combined with ferroelectric substrates represent a new approach toward low power, fast, high density spintronics. Here we demonstrate Co/Ni multilayered films with tunable saturation magnetization and perpendicular anisotropy grown directly on ferroelectric PZT [Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O-3] substrate plates. Electric fields up to +/- 2 MV/m expand the PZT by 0.1% and generate at least 0.02% in-plane compression in the Co/Ni multilayered film. Modifying the strain with a voltage can reduce the coercive field by over 30%. We also demonstrate that alternating in-plane tensile and compressive strains (less than 0.01%) can be used to propagate magnetic domain walls. This ability to manipulate high anisotropy magnetic thin films could prove useful for lowering the switching energy for magnetic elements in future voltage-controlled spintronic devices. C1 [Gopman, D. B.; Dennis, C. L.; Chen, P. J.; Iunin, Y. L.; Shull, R. D.] NIST, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Iunin, Y. L.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia. [Finkel, P.; Staruch, M.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gopman, DB (reprint author), NIST, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM daniel.gopman@nist.gov RI Staruch, Margo/M-9260-2015 OI Staruch, Margo/0000-0003-3088-2553 NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 27 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD JUN 14 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 27774 DI 10.1038/srep27774 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO5JG UT WOS:000377818800001 PM 27297638 ER PT J AU Garzarella, A Shinn, MA Wu, DH AF Garzarella, A. Shinn, M. A. Wu, Dong Ho TI Effects of diamagnetic Ga dilution on the Faraday response of bismuth-doped iron garnet films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FIELD; MAGNETIZATION AB In bismuth-doped iron garnets, diamagnetic dilution of Fe with Ga is a well-known method to increase the Faraday rotation response under externally applied magnetic fields. It is found, however, that while this method improves responsivity at larger field strengths, the responsivity under smaller fields (which are more typical in sensing applications) is generally unaffected by Ga doping. The data indicate that the low-field responsivity is limited by anomalous pinning effects in the rotational magnetization process of the ferromagnetic domains. To overcome this, a magnetic biasing technique was developed, which enhances responsivity by activating Barkhausen steps in the films to free the domains from their pinning sites. C1 [Garzarella, A.; Shinn, M. A.; Wu, Dong Ho] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Garzarella, A (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 24 AR 242410 DI 10.1063/1.4953880 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DQ2MU UT WOS:000379037200041 ER PT J AU Garzarella, A Shinn, MA Wu, DH AF Garzarella, A. Shinn, M. A. Wu, Dong Ho TI Enhancements of Faraday rotation through ferromagnetic domain matching in arrayed magneto-optic films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SENSORS AB In linear arrays of optically probed bismuth-doped iron garnet films, the Faraday rotation signal produced by an external magnetic field is a complex function of film shapes, stacking geometries, optical path length, and insertion losses. Studies of arrayed responsivities under various configurations reveal a proximity coupling effect between ferromagnetic domains of adjacent films, which enhances Faraday rotation by minimizing demagnetization effects at the interfaces. The effect is activated by matching ferromagnetic domain patterns in adjacent films and has resulted in over a twofold improvement in detection sensitivities when the arrays were configured as polarimetric magneto-optic sensors. C1 [Garzarella, A.; Shinn, M. A.; Wu, Dong Ho] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Garzarella, A (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 24 AR 241101 DI 10.1063/1.4953841 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DQ2MU UT WOS:000379037200001 ER PT J AU Tremblay, SE Taylor, GB Ortiz, AA Tremblay, CD Helmboldt, JF Romani, RW AF Tremblay, S. E. Taylor, G. B. Ortiz, A. A. Tremblay, C. D. Helmboldt, J. F. Romani, R. W. TI Compact symmetric objects and supermassive binary black holes in the VLBA Imaging and Polarimetry Survey SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: jets; galaxies: nuclei; radio continuum: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SPECTRUM RADIO-SOURCES; PEARSON-READHEAD SURVEY; STEEP-SPECTRUM; DATA RELEASE; OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY; COMPLETE SAMPLE; 5 GHZ; SUPERLUMINAL CANDIDATES AB We present multifrequency Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) follow-up observations of VLBA Imaging and Polarimetry Survey sources identified as likely compact symmetric objects (CSOs) or supermassive binary black holes (SBBHs). We also present new spectroscopic redshifts for 11 sources observed with the Hobby-Eberly Telescope. While no new SBBHs can be confirmed from these observations, we have identified 24 CSOs in the sample, 15 of which are newly designated, and refuted 52 candidates leaving 33 unconfirmed candidates. This is the first large uniform sample of CSOs which can be used to elicit some of the general properties of these sources, including morphological evolution and environmental interaction. We have detected polarized emission from two of these CSOs the properties of which are consistent with active galactic nuclei unification schemes. C1 [Tremblay, S. E.; Taylor, G. B.; Ortiz, A. A.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Tremblay, S. E.] Curtin Univ, ICRAR, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia. [Tremblay, S. E.] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Taylor, G. B.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Helmboldt, J. F.] Naval Res Lab, Code 7213, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Romani, R. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Tremblay, SE (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.; Tremblay, SE (reprint author), Curtin Univ, ICRAR, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.; Tremblay, SE (reprint author), ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Sydney, NSW, Australia. EM steven.tremblay@curtin.edu.au RI Helmboldt, Joseph/C-8105-2012 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO) [CE110001020] FX The HET is a joint project of the University of Texas at Austin, the Pennsylvania State University, Stanford University, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universitat Munchen, and Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen. The HET is named in honor of its principal benefactors, William P. Hobby and Robert E. Eberly. The Marcario Low-Resolution Spectrograph (LRS) is named for Mike Marcario of High Lonesome Optics, who fabricated several optics for the instrument but died before its completion; it is a joint project of the HET partnership and the Instituto de Astronomia de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This research was partially conducted by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020. NR 99 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 11 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 1 BP 820 EP 840 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw592 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DM5KB UT WOS:000376386600063 ER PT J AU Warren, HP Brooks, DH Doschek, GA Feldman, U AF Warren, Harry P. Brooks, David H. Doschek, George A. Feldman, Uri TI TRANSITION REGION ABUNDANCE MEASUREMENTS DURING IMPULSIVE HEATING EVENTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona ID ULTRAVIOLET IMAGING SPECTROMETER; FLARE ELEMENT ABUNDANCES; SOLAR ACTIVE REGIONS; CORONAL ABUNDANCES; ATOMIC DATABASE; EMISSION-LINES; B SATELLITE; QUIET SUN; TEMPERATURE; CHIANTI AB It is well established that elemental abundances vary in the solar atmosphere and that this variation is organized by first ionization potential (FIP). Previous studies have shown that in the solar corona, low-FIP elements such as Fe, Si, Mg, and Ca, are generally enriched relative to high-FIP elements such as C, N, O, Ar, and Ne. In this paper we report on measurements of plasma composition made during impulsive heating events observed at transition region temperatures with the Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on Hinode. During these events the intensities of O IV, V, and VI emission lines are enhanced relative to emission lines from Mg V, VI, and VII and Si VI and VII, and indicate a composition close to that of the photosphere. Long-lived coronal fan structures, in contrast, show an enrichment of low-FIP elements. We conjecture that the plasma composition is an important signature of the coronal heating process, with impulsive heating leading to the evaporation of unfractionated material from the lower layers of the solar atmosphere and higher-frequency heating leading to long-lived structures and the accumulation of low- FIP elements in the corona. C1 [Warren, Harry P.; Doschek, George A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Brooks, David H.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Feldman, Uri] Artep Inc, 2922 Excelsior Springs Court, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Brooks, David H.] ISAS JAXA, Hinode Team, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. RP Warren, HP (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU NASA's Hinode project FX Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, with NAOJ as domestic partner and NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. It is operated by these agencies in cooperation with ESA and NSC (Norway). The authors would like to acknowledge many helpful conversations on this work with Peter Young. The authors would also like to thank Remy Freire, who helped develop the EIS-AIA co-alignment software and began the analysis of several of these events during a summer internship at NRL. This work has been sponsored by NASA's Hinode project. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 1 AR 56 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/1/56 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO7BN UT WOS:000377937300056 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Adkins, JK Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alekseev, I Aparin, A Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, EC Attri, A Averichev, GS Bai, X Bairathi, V Bellwied, R Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattarai, P Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Bouchet, J Brandenburg, JD Brandin, AV Bunzarov, I Butterworth, J Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Campbell, JM Cebra, D Chakaberia, I Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chatterjee, A Chattopadhyay, S Chen, JH Chen, X Cheng, J Cherney, M Christie, W Contin, G Crawford, HJ Das, S De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA di Ruzza, B Didenko, L Dilks, C Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Engelage, J Eppley, G Esha, R Evdokimov, O Eyser, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Federic, P Fedorisin, J Feng, Z Filip, P Fisyak, Y Flores, CE Fulek, L Gagliardi, CA Garand, D Geurts, F Gibson, A Girard, M Greiner, L Grosnick, D Gunarathne, DS Guo, Y Gupta, S Gupta, A Guryn, W Hamad, AI Hamed, A Haque, R Harris, JW He, L Heppelmann, S Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Horvat, S Huang, T Huang, X Huang, B Huang, HZ Huck, P Humanic, TJ Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jang, H Jentsch, A Jia, J Jiang, K Judd, EG Kabana, S Kalinkin, D Kang, K Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Khan, ZH Kikola, DP Kisel, I Kisiel, A Kochenda, L Koetke, DD Kosarzewski, LK Kraishan, AF Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Landry, KD Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Li, X Li, C Li, X Li, Y Li, W Lin, T Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Lomnitz, M Longacre, RS Luo, X Ma, R Ma, GL Ma, YG Ma, L Magdy, N Majka, R Manion, A Margetis, S Markert, C Matis, HS McDonald, D McKinzie, S Meehan, K Mei, JC Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mishra, D Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Mustafa, MK Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nigmatkulov, G Niida, T Nogach, LV Noh, SY Novak, J Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Okorokov, VA Olvitt, D Page, BS Pak, R Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Pile, P Pluta, J Poniatowska, K Porter, J Posik, M Poskanzer, AM Powell, CB Pruthi, NK Putschke, J Qiu, H Quintero, A Ramachandran, S Raniwala, S Raniwala, R Ray, RL Reed, R Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ruan, L Rusnak, J Rusnakova, O Sahoo, NR Sahu, PK Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, WB Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shanmuganathan, PV Shao, M Sharma, A Sharma, B Sharma, MK Shen, WQ Shi, Z Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Sikora, R Simko, M Singha, S Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Smirnov, D Solyst, W Song, L Sorensen, P Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Stepanov, M Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Sumbera, M Summa, B Sun, Z Sun, XM Sun, Y Surrow, B Svirida, DN Tang, Z Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Tawfik, A Thader, J Thomas, JH Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Todoroki, T Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Tripathy, SK Tsai, OD Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Upsal, I Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vandenbroucke, M Varma, R Vasiliev, AN Vertesi, R Videbaek, F Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wang, F Wang, G Wang, JS Wang, H Wang, Y Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Wen, L Westfall, GD Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xiao, ZG Xie, W Xie, G Xin, K Xu, YF Xu, QH Xu, N Xu, H Xu, Z Xu, J Yang, S Yang, Y Yang, Y Yang, C Yang, Y Yang, Q Ye, Z Ye, Z Yepes, P Yi, L Yip, K Yoo, IK Yu, N Zbroszczyk, H Zha, W Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, J Zhang, J Zhang, S Zhang, S Zhang, Z Zhang, JB Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhou, L Zhu, X Zoulkarneeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Adamczyk, L. Adkins, J. K. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alekseev, I. Aparin, A. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. C. Attri, A. Averichev, G. S. Bai, X. Bairathi, V. Bellwied, R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhattarai, P. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Bouchet, J. Brandenburg, J. D. Brandin, A. V. Bunzarov, I. Butterworth, J. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Campbell, J. M. Cebra, D. Chakaberia, I. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chatterjee, A. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, J. H. Chen, X. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Christie, W. Contin, G. Crawford, H. J. Das, S. De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. di Ruzza, B. Didenko, L. Dilks, C. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Esha, R. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Federic, P. Fedorisin, J. Feng, Z. Filip, P. Fisyak, Y. Flores, C. E. Fulek, L. Gagliardi, C. A. Garand, D. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Girard, M. Greiner, L. Grosnick, D. Gunarathne, D. S. Guo, Y. Gupta, S. Gupta, A. Guryn, W. Hamad, A. I. Hamed, A. Haque, R. Harris, J. W. He, L. Heppelmann, S. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Horvat, S. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jang, H. Jentsch, A. Jia, J. Jiang, K. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kalinkin, D. Kang, K. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Khan, Z. H. Kikola, D. P. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Kochenda, L. Koetke, D. D. Kosarzewski, L. K. Kraishan, A. F. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Landry, K. D. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Li, X. Li, C. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, W. Lin, T. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Lomnitz, M. Longacre, R. S. Luo, X. Ma, R. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Ma, L. Magdy, N. Majka, R. Manion, A. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McKinzie, S. Meehan, K. Mei, J. C. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mishra, D. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Mustafa, M. K. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nigmatkulov, G. Niida, T. Nogach, L. V. Noh, S. Y. Novak, J. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Okorokov, V. A. Olvitt, D., Jr. Page, B. S. Pak, R. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Pile, P. Pluta, J. Poniatowska, K. Porter, J. Posik, M. Poskanzer, A. M. Powell, C. B. Pruthi, N. K. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Quintero, A. Ramachandran, S. Raniwala, S. Raniwala, R. Ray, R. L. Reed, R. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Rusnakova, O. Sahoo, N. R. Sahu, P. K. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shanmuganathan, P. V. Shao, M. Sharma, A. Sharma, B. Sharma, M. K. Shen, W. Q. Shi, Z. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Sikora, R. Simko, M. Singha, S. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Smirnov, D. Solyst, W. Song, L. Sorensen, P. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Stepanov, M. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Sumbera, M. Summa, B. Sun, Z. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Tang, Z. Tang, A. H. Tarnowsky, T. Tawfik, A. Thaeder, J. Thomas, J. H. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Todoroki, T. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Tripathy, S. K. Tsai, O. D. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Upsal, I. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vandenbroucke, M. Varma, R. Vasiliev, A. N. Vertesi, R. Videbaek, F. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, H. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Wen, L. Westfall, G. D. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xiao, Z. G. Xie, W. Xie, G. Xin, K. Xu, Y. F. Xu, Q. H. Xu, N. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Xu, J. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yang, C. Yang, Y. Yang, Q. Ye, Z. Ye, Z. Yepes, P. Yi, L. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Yu, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zha, W. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, J. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, S. Zhang, Z. Zhang, J. B. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhou, L. Zhu, X. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zyzak, M. CA STAR Collaboration TI J/psi production at low transverse momentum in p plus p and d plus Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; NUCLEAR-MATTER; STAR; SUPPRESSION; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE; PROTON AB We report on the measurement of J/psi production in the dielectron channel at midrapidity (vertical bar y vertical bar < 1) in p + p and d + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV from the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The transverse momentum p(T) spectra in p + p for pT < 4 GeV/c and d + Au collisions for p(T) < 3 GeV/c are presented. These measurements extend the STAR coverage for J/psi production in p + p collisions to low p(T). The < p(T)(2)> from the measured J/psi invariant cross section in p + p and d + Au collisions are evaluated and compared to similar measurements at other collision energies. The nuclear modification factor for J/psi is extracted as a function of pT and collision centrality in d + Au and compared to model calculations using the modified nuclear parton distribution function and a final-state J/psi nuclear absorption cross section. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Fulek, L.; Sikora, R.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, FPACS, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Bland, L. C.; Chakaberia, I.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Eyser, O.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Jia, J.; Ke, H. W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Landry, K. D.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Ma, R.; Ogawa, A.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, W. B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Todoroki, T.; Tribedy, P.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Videbaek, F.; Wang, H.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Draper, J. E.; Flores, C. E.; Heppelmann, S.; Meehan, K.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dunkelberger, L. E.; Esha, R.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Landry, K. D.; Nasim, Md.; Pan, Y. X.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Wen, L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Bai, X.; Feng, Z.; Huck, P.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Pei, H.; Shi, S. S.; Sun, X. M.; Wang, Y.; Xu, J.; Yang, Y.; Yu, N.; Zhang, J. B.] Cent China Normal Univ, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Evdokimov, O.; Huang, B.; Khan, Z. H.; Pandit, Y.; Ye, Z.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; De Silva, L. C.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Rusnakova, O.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Federic, P.; Rusnak, J.; Simko, M.; Sumbera, M.; Vertesi, R.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Prague 25068, Czech Republic. [Kisel, I.; Stock, R.; Zyzak, M.] Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Das, S.; Sahu, P. K.; Tripathy, S. K.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Kalinkin, D.; Lin, T.; Skoby, M. J.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, S.; Gupta, A.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, M. K.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Aparin, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Bouchet, J.; Hamad, A. I.; Kabana, S.; Keane, D.; Lomnitz, M.; Margetis, S.; Quintero, A.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Singha, S.; Wu, Y.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Adkins, J. K.; Fatemi, R.; Ramachandran, S.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Jang, H.; Noh, S. Y.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon 305701, South Korea. [Chen, X.; Du, C. M.; Hirsch, A.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Contin, G.; Dong, X.; Greiner, L.; Manion, A.; Matis, H. S.; McKinzie, S.; Mustafa, M. K.; Odyniec, G.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Powell, C. B.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Shi, Z.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Thaeder, J.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Reed, R.] Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kochenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Okorokov, V. A.; Strikhanov, M.] Natl Res Nucl Univ, MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Bairathi, V.; Haque, R.; Mishra, D.; Mohanty, B.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Huang, T.; Yang, Y.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Campbell, J. M.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Upsal, I.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Pawlik, B.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Attri, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Dilks, C.; Heppelmann, S.; Summa, B.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia. [Garand, D.; He, L.; Hirsch, A.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B.; Stepanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Zhao, J.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 46241, South Korea. [Raniwala, S.; Raniwala, R.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Brandenburg, J. D.; Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Roberts, J. B.; Tlusty, D.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Guo, Y.; Jiang, K.; Li, X.; Li, C.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Xie, G.; Yang, S.; Yang, C.; Yang, Q.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, S.; Zhou, L.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Mei, J. C.; Xu, Q. H.; Zhang, J.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chen, J. H.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, L.; Shah, N.; Shen, W. Q.; Shou, Q. Y.; Xu, Y. F.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, Z.; Zhong, C.] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Magdy, N.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Gunarathne, D. S.; Kraishan, A. F.; Li, X.; Olvitt, D., Jr.; Posik, M.; Surrow, B.; Vandenbroucke, M.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Chang, Z.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mondal, M. M.; Sahoo, N. R.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bhattarai, P.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Jentsch, A.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; McDonald, D.; Song, L.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Huang, X.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Drachenberg, J. L.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chatterjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Nayak, T. K.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Girard, M.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisiel, A.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, PL-00661 Warsaw, Poland. [Kauder, K.; Llope, W. J.; Niida, T.; Putschke, J.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Tawfik, A.] World Lab Cosmol & Particle Phys WLCAPP, Cairo 11571, Egypt. [Caines, H.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.; Yi, L.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Adamczyk, L (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, FPACS, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RI Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Yi, Li/Q-1705-2016; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Gunarathne, Devika/C-4903-2017 OI Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Yi, Li/0000-0002-7512-2657; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Gunarathne, Devika/0000-0002-7155-7418 FU Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NSFC of China; CAS of China; MoST of China; MoE of China; National Research Foundation of Korea; NCKU (Taiwan); GA of the Czech Republic; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FIAS of Germany; DAE of India; DST of India; UGC of India; National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia; RHIC Operations Group at BNL; RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; KISTI Center in Korea; Open Science Grid consortium FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, the KISTI Center in Korea, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; the U.S. NSF; the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China; the National Research Foundation of Korea; NCKU (Taiwan); GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FIAS of Germany; DAE, DST, and UGC of India; the National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation; the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; and RosAtom of Russia. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 6 AR 064904 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.93.064904 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA DO0WW UT WOS:000377500400001 ER PT J AU Zimmermann, T Mishra, S Doran, BR Gordon, DF Landsman, AS AF Zimmermann, Tomas Mishra, Siddhartha Doran, Brent R. Gordon, Daniel F. Landsman, Alexandra S. TI Tunneling Time and Weak Measurement in Strong Field Ionization SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRAVERSAL TIME; DELAY-TIME; SCATTERING; TRAJECTORIES; PARTICLE; REAL; WAVE AB Tunneling delays represent a hotly debated topic, with many conflicting definitions and little consensus on when and if such definitions accurately describe the physical observables. Here, we relate these different definitions to distinct experimental observables in strong field ionization, finding that two definitions, Larmor time and Bohmian time, are compatible with the attoclock observable and the resonance lifetime of a bound state, respectively. Both of these definitions are closely connected to the theory of weak measurement, with Larmor time being the weak measurement value of tunneling time and Bohmian trajectory corresponding to the average particle trajectory, which has been recently reconstructed using weak measurement in a two-slit experiment [S. Kocsis, B. Braverman, S. Ravets, M. J. Stevens, R. P. Mirin, L. K. Shalm, and A. M. Steinberg, Science 332, 1170 (2011)]. We demonstrate a big discrepancy in strong field ionization between the Bohmian and weak measurement values of tunneling time, and we suggest this arises because the tunneling time is calculated for a small probability postselected ensemble of electrons. Our results have important implications for the interpretation of experiments in attosecond science, suggesting that tunneling is unlikely to be an instantaneous process. C1 [Zimmermann, Tomas; Mishra, Siddhartha; Landsman, Alexandra S.] ETH, Seminar Appl Math, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Zimmermann, Tomas; Landsman, Alexandra S.] ETH, Dept Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Doran, Brent R.] ETH, Dept Math, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Gordon, Daniel F.] Naval Res Lab, Radiat & Accelerat Phys Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Landsman, Alexandra S.] Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. RP Landsman, AS (reprint author), ETH, Seminar Appl Math, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.; Landsman, AS (reprint author), ETH, Dept Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.; Landsman, AS (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. EM landsman@pks.mpg.de FU ETH Research Grant [ETH-03 09-2]; Max Planck Center for Attosecond Science (MPC-AS) FX This research was supported by ETH Research Grant No. ETH-03 09-2 and the Max Planck Center for Attosecond Science (MPC-AS). We acknowledge valuable comments from Ursula Keller, Jan Michael Rost and Ferenc Krausz. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 116 IS 23 AR 233603 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.233603 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DO1AK UT WOS:000377510300001 PM 27341232 ER PT J AU Tremblay, GR Oonk, JBR Combes, F Salome, P O'Dea, CP Baum, SA Voit, GM Donahue, M McNamara, BR Davis, TA McDonald, MA Edge, AC Clarke, TE Galvan-Madrid, R Bremer, MN Edwards, LOV Fabian, AC Hamer, S Li, Y Maury, A Russell, HR Quillen, AC Urry, CM Sanders, JS Wise, MW AF Tremblay, Grant R. Oonk, J. B. Raymond Combes, Franoise Salome, Philippe O'Dea, Christopher P. Baum, Stefi A. Voit, G. Mark Donahue, Megan McNamara, Brian R. Davis, Timothy A. McDonald, Michael A. Edge, Alastair C. Clarke, Tracy E. Galvan-Madrid, Roberto Bremer, Malcolm N. Edwards, Louise O. V. Fabian, Andrew C. Hamer, Stephen Li, Yuan Maury, Anaelle Russell, Helen R. Quillen, Alice C. Urry, C. Megan Sanders, Jeremy S. Wise, Michael W. TI Cold, clumpy accretion onto an active supermassive black hole SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID GALACTIC NUCLEUS FEEDBACK; BRIGHTEST CLUSTER GALAXIES; H I ABSORPTION; STAR-FORMATION; MOLECULAR GAS; COOLING FLOW; ABELL 2597; CORE CLUSTERS; A2597; PRECIPITATION AB Supermassive black holes in galaxy centres can grow by the accretion of gas, liberating energy that might regulate star formation on galaxy-wide scales(1-3). The nature of the gaseous fuel reservoirs that power black hole growth is nevertheless largely unconstrained by observations, and is instead routinely simplified as a smooth, spherical inflow of very hot gas(4). Recent theory(5-7) and simulations(8-10) instead predict that accretion can be dominated by a stochastic, clumpy distribution of very cold molecular clouds-a departure from the 'hot mode' accretion model-although unambiguous observational support for this prediction remains elusive. Here we report observations that reveal a cold, clumpy accretion flow towards a supermassive black hole fuel reservoir in the nucleus of the Abell 2597 Brightest Cluster Galaxy (BCG), a nearby (redshift z = 0.0821) giant elliptical galaxy surrounded by a dense halo of hot plasma(11-13). Under the right conditions, thermal instabilities produce a rain of cold clouds that fall towards the galaxy's centre(14), sustaining star formation amid a kiloparsec-scale molecular nebula that is found at its core(15). The observations show that these cold clouds also fuel black hole accretion, revealing 'shadows' cast by the molecular clouds as they move inward at about 300 kilometres per second towards the active supermassive black hole, which serves as a bright backlight. Corroborating evidence from prior observations(16) of warmer atomic gas at extremely high spatial resolution(17), along with simple arguments based on geometry and probability, indicate that these clouds are within the innermost hundred parsecs of the black hole, and falling closer towards it. C1 [Tremblay, Grant R.; Edwards, Louise O. V.; Urry, C. Megan] Yale Univ, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, 52 Hillhouse Ave, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Tremblay, Grant R.; Davis, Timothy A.; Galvan-Madrid, Roberto] European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Oonk, J. B. Raymond; Wise, Michael W.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, POB 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Oonk, J. B. Raymond] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, Niels Borhweg 2, NL-2333 CA Leiden, Netherlands. [Combes, Franoise; Salome, Philippe; Hamer, Stephen] Univ Paris 04, CNRS, Lab Studies Radiat & Matter Astrophys & Atmospher, PSL Res Univ,Observ Paris,Coll France, Paris, France. [O'Dea, Christopher P.; Baum, Stefi A.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys & Astron, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [O'Dea, Christopher P.] Rochester Inst Technol, Sch Phys & Astron, 84 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Baum, Stefi A.] Rochester Inst Technol, Chester F Carlson Ctr Imaging Sci, 84 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Voit, G. Mark; Donahue, Megan] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [McNamara, Brian R.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, 200 Univ Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 2GL, Canada. [Davis, Timothy A.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [McDonald, Michael A.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Edge, Alastair C.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DHL 3LE, England. [Clarke, Tracy E.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7213,4555 Overlook Ave Southwest, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Galvan-Madrid, Roberto] UNAM, Inst Radioastron & Astrofis, Apartado Postal 3-72 Xangari, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Bremer, Malcolm N.] Univ Bristol, HW Wills Phys Lab, Tyndall Ave, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. [Fabian, Andrew C.; Russell, Helen R.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Li, Yuan] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 1085 South Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Maury, Anaelle] Univ Paris Diderot, CE Saclay, CNRS, CEA DSM Irfu,Lab AIM Paris Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Quillen, Alice C.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Sanders, Jeremy S.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Tremblay, GR (reprint author), Yale Univ, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, 52 Hillhouse Ave, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.; Tremblay, GR (reprint author), European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM grant.tremblay@yale.edu OI Tremblay, Grant/0000-0002-5445-5401; Li, Yuan/0000-0001-5262-6150; Urry, Meg/0000-0002-0745-9792; Combes, Francoise/0000-0003-2658-7893 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [PF-150128]; NASA [NAS8-03060]; European Research Council (ERC) [267399-Momentum]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) Ernest Rutherford Fellowship; STFC [ST/L00075X/1]; ERC [340442-Feedback]; 6.1 Base funding FX ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. We are grateful to the European ALMA Regional Centres, particularly those in Garching and Manchester, for their dedicated end-to-end support of data associated with this paper. We thank R. Larson for discussions. G.R.T. acknowledges support from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship Award Number PF-150128, issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060. F.C. acknowledges the European Research Council (ERC) for the Advanced Grant Program no. 267399-Momentum. B.R.M. is supported by a grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. T.A.D. acknowledges support from a Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) Ernest Rutherford Fellowship. A.C.E. acknowledges support from STFC grant ST/L00075X/1. A.C.F. and H.R.R. acknowledge support from ERC Advanced Grant Program no. 340442-Feedback. M.N.B. acknowledges funding from the STFC. Basic research in radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 Base funding. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 9 PY 2016 VL 534 IS 7606 BP 218 EP + DI 10.1038/nature17969 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO0NH UT WOS:000377475100034 PM 27279215 ER PT J AU Pique, A Auyeung, RCY Kim, H Charipar, NA Mathews, SA AF Pique, Alberto Auyeung, Raymond C. Y. Kim, Heungsoo Charipar, Nicholas A. Mathews, Scott A. TI Laser 3D micro-manufacturing SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE laser direct-write; laser micromachining; laser induced forward transfer; stereolithography; two-photon polymerization; hybrid microfabrication; 3D microfabrication ID SUB-PS LASER; RESOLVED OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; SPATIAL LIGHT-MODULATOR; DYNAMIC RELEASE LAYER; OF-THE-ART; FEMTOSECOND-LASER; DIRECT-WRITE; THIN-FILMS; 3-DIMENSIONAL MICROFABRICATION; DIGITAL MICROFABRICATION AB Laser-based materials processing techniques are gaining widespread use in micro-manufacturing applications. The use of laser microfabrication techniques enables the processing of micro-and nanostructures from a wide range of materials and geometries without the need for masking and etching steps commonly associated with photolithography. This review aims to describe the broad applications space covered by laser-based micro-and nanoprocessing techniques and the benefits offered by the use of lasers in micro-manufacturing processes. Given their non-lithographic nature, these processes are also referred to as laser direct-write and constitute some of the earliest demonstrations of 3D printing or additive manufacturing at the microscale. As this review will show, the use of lasers enables precise control of the various types of processing steps-from subtractive to additive-over a wide range of scales with an extensive materials palette. Overall, laser-based direct-write techniques offer multiple modes of operation including the removal (via ablative processes) and addition (via photopolymerization or printing) of most classes of materials using the same equipment in many cases. The versatility provided by these multi-function, multi-material and multi-scale laser micro-manufacturing processes cannot be matched by photolithography nor with other direct-write microfabrication techniques and offer unique opportunities for current and future 3D micro-manufacturing applications. C1 [Pique, Alberto; Auyeung, Raymond C. Y.; Kim, Heungsoo; Charipar, Nicholas A.; Mathews, Scott A.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pique, A (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM pique@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program. NR 227 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 73 U2 139 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 EI 1361-6463 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD JUN 8 PY 2016 VL 49 IS 22 AR 223001 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/49/22/223001 PG 24 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DN9PD UT WOS:000377410800002 ER PT J AU Mathur, D Henderson, ER AF Mathur, Divita Henderson, Eric R. TI Programmable DNA Nanosystem for Molecular Interrogation SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID BASE-STACKING; ORIGAMI; NANOSTRUCTURES; SHAPES; NANOTECHNOLOGY; GOLD; BOX AB We describe a self-assembling DNA-based nanosystem for interrogating molecular interactions. The nanosystem contains a rigid supporting dumbbell-shaped frame, a cylindrical central core, and a mobile ring that is coaxial with the core. Motion of the ring is influenced by several control elements whose force-generating capability is based on the transition of single-stranded DNA to double-stranded DNA. These forces can be directed to act in opposition to adhesive forces between the ring and the frame thereby providing a mechanism for molecular detection and interrogation at the ring-frame interface. As proof of principle we use this system to evaluate base stacking adhesion and demonstrate detection of a soluble nucleic acid viral genome mimic. C1 [Mathur, Divita; Henderson, Eric R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Mathur, Divita; Henderson, Eric R.] Iowa State Univ, Bioinformat & Computat Biol Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Mathur, Divita] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Mathur, Divita] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC USA. RP Mathur, D; Henderson, ER (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.; Mathur, D; Henderson, ER (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Bioinformat & Computat Biol Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA.; Mathur, D (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.; Mathur, D (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC USA. EM divita@iastate.edu; telomere@iastate.edu FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Grand Challenges Exploration Grant [OPP1059568]; NSF Inspire Grant [1247051, 1545028] FX This project was funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Grand Challenges Exploration Grant No. OPP1059568, NSF Inspire Grant Nos 1247051 and 1545028, and personal funds. The authors would like to acknowledge the Roy J. Carver Laboratory for Ultrahigh Resolution Biological Microscopy at Iowa State University for their facilities and sincerely thank Thomas Moninger and the Central Microscopy Research Facility at University of Iowa to provide TEM data. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 16 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD JUN 7 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 27413 DI 10.1038/srep27413 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DN6KB UT WOS:000377181700003 PM 27270162 ER PT J AU Yang, L Carter, SG Bracker, AS Yakes, MK Kim, M Kim, CS Vora, PM Gammon, D AF Yang, Lily Carter, Samuel G. Bracker, Allan S. Yakes, Michael K. Kim, Mijin Kim, Chul Soo Vora, Patrick M. Gammon, Daniel TI Optical spectroscopy of site-controlled quantum dots in a Schottky diode SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EMISSION; PHOTONS AB The optical quality of site-controlled quantum dots is typically assessed by off-resonant photoluminescence spectroscopy, and emission linewidth is the most common figure of merit. Here, we combine photoluminescence and resonance fluorescence spectroscopy to obtain a more complete picture of site-controlled quantum dots embedded in a charge injection device. Although resonant and non-resonant linewidths are nearly as small as those of randomly nucleated dots, other optical properties show clear evidence of influence from defects introduced by the nanofabrication process. We demonstrate optical spin pumping and spin-flip Raman processes, which are important functions for use in quantum information applications. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Yang, Lily; Carter, Samuel G.; Bracker, Allan S.; Yakes, Michael K.; Kim, Chul Soo; Vora, Patrick M.; Gammon, Daniel] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kim, Mijin] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. RP Bracker, AS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM allan.bracker@nrl.navy.mil RI Carter, Sam/G-4589-2012 FU U.S. Office of Naval Research; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-15-1-0011]; OSD Quantum Sciences and Engineering Program FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research, the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (Award No. HDTRA1-15-1-0011), and the OSD Quantum Sciences and Engineering Program. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 6 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 23 AR 233102 DI 10.1063/1.4952767 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DQ0XI UT WOS:000378924700037 ER PT J AU Dennis, AM Delehanty, JB Medintz, IL AF Dennis, Allison M. Delehanty, James B. Medintz, Igor L. TI Emerging Physicochemical Phenomena along with New Opportunities at the Biomolecular-Nanoparticle Interface SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; QUANTUM-DOT; COLLOIDAL NANOPARTICLES; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; CORONA FORMATION; TRANSFER RELAYS; MEMBRANE; CELLS; PHOSPHOTRIESTERASE; NANOMATERIALS AB Efforts to create new nanoparticle-biomolecule hybrids for diverse applications including biosensing, theranostics, drug delivery, and even biocomputation continue to grow at an unprecedented rate. As the composite designs become more sophisticated, new and unanticipated physicochemical phenomena are emerging at the nanomaterial-biological interface. These phenomena arise from two interrelated factors, namely, the novel architecture of nanoparticle bioconjugates and the unique physicochemical properties of their interfacial environment. Here we examine how the augmented functionality imparted by such hybrid structures, including accessing concentric energy transfer, enhanced enzymatic activity, and sensitivity to electric fields, is leading to new applications. We discuss some lesser understood phenomena that arise at the nanoparticle interface, such as the complex and confounding issue of protein corona formation, along with their unexpected benefits. Overall, understanding these complex phenomena will improve the design of composite materials while uncovering new opportunities for their application. C1 [Dennis, Allison M.] Boston Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Delehanty, James B.; Medintz, Igor L.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900,4555 Overlook Ave Southwest, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900,4555 Overlook Ave Southwest, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil FU NSF [CBET 1505718] FX I.M. and J.B.D. acknowledge the NRL Nanosciences Institute and DTRA JSTO MIPR #B112582M. A.M.D. acknowledges support from the NSF under Grant No. CBET 1505718. NR 78 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 16 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1948-7185 J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett. PD JUN 2 PY 2016 VL 7 IS 11 BP 2139 EP 2150 DI 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00570 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DN7EX UT WOS:000377239200033 PM 27219278 ER PT J AU Chisnell, R Helton, JS Freedman, DE Singh, DK Demmel, F Stock, C Nocera, DG Lee, YS AF Chisnell, R. Helton, J. S. Freedman, D. E. Singh, D. K. Demmel, F. Stock, C. Nocera, D. G. Lee, Y. S. TI Magnetic transitions in the topological magnon insulator Cu(1,3-bdc) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB Topological magnon insulators are a new class of magnetic materials that possess topologically nontrivial magnon bands. As a result, magnons in these materials display properties analogous to those of electrons in topological insulators. Here we present magnetization, specific heat, and neutron scattering measurements of the ferromagnetic kagome magnet Cu(1,3-bdc). Our measurements provide a detailed description of the magnetic structure and interactions in this material and confirm that it is an ideal prototype for topological magnon physics in a system with a simple spin Hamiltonian. C1 [Chisnell, R.; Lee, Y. S.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Chisnell, R.; Helton, J. S.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Freedman, D. E.; Nocera, D. G.] MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Freedman, D. E.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Singh, D. K.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Demmel, F.; Stock, C.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Nocera, D. G.] Harvard Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lee, Y. S.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Lee, Y. S.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, Menlo Pk, CA USA. [Helton, J. S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Stock, C.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, Midlothian, Scotland. [Stock, C.] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Sci Extreme Condit, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Chisnell, R; Lee, YS (reprint author), MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.; Chisnell, R (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Lee, YS (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Lee, YS (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, Menlo Pk, CA USA. EM robin.chisnell@nist.gov; youngsl@stanford.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; National Science Foundation [CHE 1041863]; National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce; Science and Technology Facilities Council FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. D.E.F. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation, Grant No. CHE 1041863. We acknowledge the support of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce, in providing the SPINS neutron facility used in this work. Experiments on Iris at the ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source were supported by a beamtime allocation from the Science and Technology Facilities Council. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 2 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 21 AR 214403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.214403 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DN3VS UT WOS:000376992800003 ER PT J AU Gentry, S Pyke, J Schladt, D Zeglin, J Kim, W Lake, J Hirose, R Mulligan, D Israni, A AF Gentry, S. Pyke, J. Schladt, D. Zeglin, J. Kim, W. Lake, J. Hirose, R. Mulligan, D. Israni, A. TI Impact of Proximity MELD/PELD Points on Liver Redistricting Scenarios. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American Transplant Congress CY JUN 11-15, 2016 CL Boston, MA C1 [Gentry, S.; Pyke, J.; Schladt, D.; Zeglin, J.; Israni, A.] Sci Registry Transplant Recipients, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Gentry, S.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Kim, W.] Stanford, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Lake, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Hirose, R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Surg, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Mulligan, D.] Yale Univ, Surg, New Haven, CT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 16 SU 3 SI SI MA 441 BP 358 EP 359 PG 2 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA DW1AB UT WOS:000383373902446 ER PT J AU Chow, E Massie, A Luo, X Wickliffe, C Gentry, S Cameron, A Segev, D AF Chow, E. Massie, A. Luo, X. Wickliffe, C. Gentry, S. Cameron, A. Segev, D. TI Skipping Comparable Local Waitlist Candidates Under Share 35 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American Transplant Congress CY JUN 11-15, 2016 CL Boston, MA C1 [Chow, E.; Massie, A.; Luo, X.; Wickliffe, C.; Cameron, A.; Segev, D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Surg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Gentry, S.] US Naval Acad, Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 16 SU 3 SI SI MA 442 BP 359 EP 359 PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA DW1AB UT WOS:000383373902447 ER PT J AU Pyke, J Schladt, D Zeglin, J Xiong, H Gentry, S Kim, W Lake, J Israni, A AF Pyke, J. Schladt, D. Zeglin, J. Xiong, H. Gentry, S. Kim, W. Lake, J. Israni, A. TI Geographic Variation in Liver Supply and Demand. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American Transplant Congress CY JUN 11-15, 2016 CL Boston, MA C1 [Pyke, J.; Schladt, D.; Zeglin, J.; Xiong, H.; Gentry, S.; Kim, W.; Lake, J.; Israni, A.] Sci Registry Transplant Recipients, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Gentry, S.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Kim, W.] Stanford, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Lake, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 16 SU 3 SI SI MA 530 BP 388 EP 389 PG 2 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA DW1AB UT WOS:000383373902535 ER PT J AU Curry, JA Maguire, JD Fraser, J Tribble, DR Deiss, RG Bryan, C Tisdale, MD Crawford, K Ellis, M Lalani, T AF Curry, Jennifer A. Maguire, Jason D. Fraser, Jamie Tribble, David R. Deiss, Robert G. Bryan, Coleman Tisdale, Michele D. Crawford, Katrina Ellis, Michael Lalani, Tahaniyat TI Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus Colonization and Risk Factors for Infection Among Military Personnel in a Shipboard Setting SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; UNITED-STATES; NASAL COLONIZATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SOLDIERS; SKIN; PCR AB Staphylococcal skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), especially those due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are an important public health issue for the military. Limited data exist regarding the prevalence of S. aureus colonization in the shipboard setting. We conducted a cross-sectional, observational study to determine the point prevalence of S. aureus colonization among military personnel onboard a naval vessel. Asymptomatic active duty personnel completed a survey for risk factors associated with colonization and SSTIs. Culture specimens were obtained from the anterior nares, pharynx, groin, and perirectal regions. MRSA isolates underwent testing for antimicrobial resistance, virulence factors, and pulsed-field type. 400 individuals were enrolled, 198 (49.5%) of whom were colonized with S. aureus, with MRSA identified in 14 participants (3.5%). No significant risk factors were associated with MRSA colonization. USA800 was the most common colonizing MRSA strain in the cohort and was detected in 10 participants (71%). Two participants (14%) were colonized with USA300 MRSA. In this first report of S. aureus epidemiology in a shipboard setting, we observed high rates of S. aureus and MRSA colonization. Longitudinal studies are needed to document the incident rates of S. aureus colonization during shipboard deployment and its impact on SSTI risk. C1 [Curry, Jennifer A.; Deiss, Robert G.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Div Infect Dis, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Maguire, Jason D.; Lalani, Tahaniyat] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Div Infect Dis, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Fraser, Jamie; Tribble, David R.; Deiss, Robert G.; Tisdale, Michele D.; Crawford, Katrina; Lalani, Tahaniyat] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, 11300 Rockville Pike, North Bethesda, MD 20852 USA. [Fraser, Jamie; Deiss, Robert G.; Tisdale, Michele D.; Crawford, Katrina; Lalani, Tahaniyat] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, 6720A Rockledge Dr,Suite 100, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Bryan, Coleman] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Pediat, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Ellis, Michael] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Curry, JA (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Div Infect Dis, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. FU Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center-Global Emerging Infections Surveillance (GEIS) division; Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) program; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [Y1-AI-5072] FX We are indebted to Ms. Janet McNiff, LT John Piccone and other members of the study team of clinical research coordinators, laboratory personnel and data management staff for their support of this project. The study was supported through a research grant from the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center-Global Emerging Infections Surveillance (GEIS) division and by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under the Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 181 IS 6 BP 524 EP 529 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00274 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DW5LO UT WOS:000383686900010 PM 27244061 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, NF Powell, TM LeardMann, CA Russell, DW Boyko, EJ AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Powell, Teresa M. LeardMann, Cynthia A. Russell, Dale W. Boyko, Edward J. TI Mental Health and Comorbidities in US Military Members SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; MILLENNIUM COHORT; IRAQ WAR; AFGHANISTAN VETERANS; COMBAT DEPLOYMENT; NATIONAL-GUARD; SEXUAL TRAUMA; PRIMARY-CARE; PRIME-MD; SERVICE AB Objectives: Using data from a prospective cohort study of U.S. service members who joined after September 11, 2001 to determine incidence rates and comorbidities of mental and behavioral disorders. Methods: Calculated age and sex adjusted incidence rates of mental and behavioral conditions determined by validated instruments and electronic medical records. Results: Of 10,671 service members, 3,379 (32%) deployed between baseline and follow-up, of whom 49% reported combat experience. Combat deployers had highest incidence rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (25 cases/1,000 person-years [PY]), panic/anxiety (21/1,000 PY), and any mental disorder (34/1,000 PY). Nondeployers had substantial rates of mental conditions (11, 13, and 18 cases/1,000 PY). Among combat deployers, 12% screened positive for mental disorder, 59% binge drinking, 16% alcohol problem, 19% cigarette smoking, and 20% smokeless tobacco at follow-up. Of those with recent PTSD, 73% concurrently developed >1 incident mental or behavioral conditions. Of those screening positive for PTSD, 11% had electronic medical record diagnosis. Conclusions: U.S. service members joining during recent conflicts experienced high rates of mental and behavioral disorders. Highest rates were among combat deployers. Most cases were not represented in medical codes, suggesting targeted interventions are needed to address the burden of mental disorders among service members and Veterans. C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Powell, Teresa M.; LeardMann, Cynthia A.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92016 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Russell, Dale W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Study Traumat Stress, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Boyko, Edward J.] Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, 1660 South Columbian Way,Mailstop 152E, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Crum-Cianflone, NF (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92016 USA.; Crum-Cianflone, NF (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr San Diego, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. FU VA Puget Sound Healthcare System; Department of Defense, Military Operational Medicine Research Program; Department of Defense [60002] FX In addition to the authors, the Millennium Cohort Study Team includes Melissa Bagnell, MPH; James Davies; Raechel DelRosario, MPH; Gia Gumbs, MPH; Dennis Hernando; Jaime Horton, MPH; Isabel Jacobson, MPH; William Lee; Michelle Linfesty; Gordon Lynch; Hope McMaster, PhD; Sheila Medina-Torne, MPH; Amber Seelig, MPH; Beverly Sheppard; Donald Slymen, PhD; Katherine Snell; Steven Speigle; Kari Sausedo, MA; Jennifer Walstrom; John Wesner; Martin White, MPH; James Whitmer; Kelly Woodall, MPH; and Charlene Wong, MPH, from the Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California. The authors also thank the professionals from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, especially those from the Military Operational Medicine Research Program, Fort Detrick, Maryland; Scott L. Seggerman from the Management Information Division, Defense Manpower Data Center, Monterey, California; and the Millennium Cohort Study participants. Dr. Edward J. Boyko's efforts in this project were supported by VA Puget Sound Healthcare System. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. This research was conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects (Protocol NHRC.2000.0007). The Millennium Cohort Study is funded through the Military Operational Medicine Research Program of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland. The Department of Defense, Military Operational Medicine Research Program, provided funding for the study. This work represents report 13-26 supported by the Department of Defense, under Work Unit No. 60002. The funding organizations had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, analysis, or preparation of data; or preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 181 IS 6 BP 537 EP 545 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00187 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DW5LO UT WOS:000383686900012 PM 27244063 ER PT J AU Howe, PG AF Howe, P. Gardner, III TI PRESIDENT'S FORUM SO NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Howe, P. Gardner, III] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. Naval War Coll, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Howe, PG (reprint author), US Navy, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US NAVAL WAR COLL PI NEWPORT PA 686 CUSHING RD, NEWPORT, RI 02841 USA SN 0028-1484 J9 NAV WAR COLL REV JI Nav. War Coll. Rev. PD SUM PY 2016 VL 69 IS 3 BP 15 EP 20 PG 6 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA EA5TH UT WOS:000386685800003 ER PT J AU Eddie, BJ Wang, Z Malanoski, AP Hall, RJ Oh, SD Heiner, C Lin, BC Strycharz-Glaven, SM AF Eddie, Brian J. Wang, Zheng Malanoski, Anthony P. Hall, Richard J. Oh, Steve D. Heiner, Cheryl Lin, Baochuan Strycharz-Glaven, Sarah M. TI 'Candidatus Tenderia electrophaga', an uncultivated electroautotroph from a biocathode enrichment SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL-PRODUCTION; IV PILI; ELECTROSYNTHESIS; CHEMOTAXIS; BACTERIA; GENE AB Biocathode communities are of interest for a variety of applications, including electrosynthesis, bioremediation, and biosensors, yet much remains to be understood about the biological processes that occur to enable these communities to grow. One major difficulty in understanding these communities is that the critical autotrophic organisms are difficult to cultivate. An uncultivated, electroautotrophic bacterium previously identified as an uncultivated member of the family Chromatiaceae appears to be a key organism in an autotrophic biocathode microbial community. Metagenomic, metaproteomic and metatranscriptomic characterization of this community indicates that there is likely a single organism that utilizes electrons from the cathode to fix CO2, yet this organism has not been obtained in pure culture. Fluorescence in situ hybridization reveals that the organism grows as rod-shaped cells approximately 1.8 x 0.6 mu m, and forms large clumps on the cathode. The genomic DNA G+C content was 59.2 mol%. Here we identify the key features of this organism and propose 'Candidatus Tenderia electrophaga', within the Gammaproteobacteria on the basis of low nucleotide and predicted protein sequence identity to known members of the orders Chromatiales and Thiotrichales. C1 [Eddie, Brian J.; Wang, Zheng; Malanoski, Anthony P.; Lin, Baochuan; Strycharz-Glaven, Sarah M.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hall, Richard J.; Oh, Steve D.; Heiner, Cheryl] Pacific Biosci, 1380 Willow Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Eddie, BJ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.eddie@nri.navy.mil RI Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011; OI Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X; Eddie, Brian/0000-0002-3559-3892 FU Office of Naval Research via US NRL core funds [N0001413WX20995, N0001414WX20485, N0001414WX20518, N0001415WX00195] FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research via US NRL core funds, as well as under the following award numbers to S. S.-G.: N0001413WX20995, N0001414WX20485, N0001414WX20518, and N0001415WX00195. The opinions and assertions contained herein are those of the authors and are not to be construed as those of the US Navy, military service at large, or US Government. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 4 PU MICROBIOLOGY SOC PI LONDON PA CHARLES DARWIN HOUSE, 12 ROGER ST, LONDON WC1N 2JU, ERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 66 BP 2178 EP 2185 DI 10.1099/ijsem.0.001006 PN 6 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DV4OO UT WOS:000382905100010 PM 26957484 ER PT J AU Kelton, WD AF Kelton, W. David TI Methodological Expectations for Studies Using Computer Simulation SO JOURNAL OF BUSINESS LOGISTICS LA English DT Article DE simulation; simulation methodology; statistical design and analysis; input; output; verification; validation ID MICROSOFT-EXCEL AB Simulation is often used in papers and studies across diverse fields like logistics, supply chains, health care, manufacturing, and defense. But simulations must be properly done, including input and model building, designing/ analyzing the simulations, and model verification/validation. Unfortunately, simulation studies are not always done well, even though great effort could have gone into the model building and coding. This paper specifies, in brief outline, what authors and researchers need to do, when using simulation as a main tool, to build a convincing case for their findings and conclusions. Considerations on the input side of the model are enumerated, including specification of input distributions and processes; nonstationarity; random-number generation; and generating realizations of random variables and random processes. On the output side are issues of statistical analysis of simulation output; comparison, selection, and ranking of simulated scenarios; variance reduction; and optimum seeking. Involving matters on both the input and output sides are the essential activities of verification and validation. The intent is to establish expectations on what acceptable papers need to do if using simulation, and to serve as a guideline to applied simulation studies. Such papers and studies will then be more valid, more precise, more useful, and ultimately more convincing. C1 [Kelton, W. David] Univ Cincinnati, Business Analyt, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Kelton, W. David] Naval Postgrad Sch, Operat Res, Monterey, CA USA. RP Kelton, WD (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Operat Business Analyt & Informat Syst, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM david.kelton@uc.edu NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0735-3766 EI 2158-1592 J9 J BUS LOGIST JI J. Bus. Logist. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 37 IS 2 BP 82 EP 86 DI 10.1111/jbl.12128 PG 5 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA DX5OP UT WOS:000384430700002 ER PT J AU Panteleev, G Yaremchuk, M Francis, O Stabeno, PJ Weingartner, T Zhang, J AF Panteleev, Gleb Yaremchuk, Max Francis, Oceana Stabeno, Phyllis J. Weingartner, T. Zhang, J. TI An inverse modeling study of circulation in the Eastern Bering Sea during 2007-2010 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID DATA ASSIMILATION; SLOPE CURRENT; CHUKCHI SEAS; OCEAN MODEL; ICE; NORTHERN; VARIABILITY; PACIFIC; RECONSTRUCTION; BASIN AB A two-way nested 4d-variational data assimilation system is implemented in the Eastern Bering Sea (EBS) to investigate changes in circulation and thermodynamic state for a 3.8 year period. Assimilated observations include data from 19 moorings deployed on the shelf and in the Bering Strait, 1705 hydrographic stations occupied during eight surveys, and remotely sensed sea surface temperature and sea surface height (SSH) data. Validation of the presented 4dVar reanalysis against the output of two sequential data-assimilative systems (the Bering Ecosystem Study ice-ocean Modeling and Assimilation System (BESTMAS) and the Arctic Cap Nowcast-Forecast System (ACNFS)) has shown that the product is more consistent with the observed transports in the Bering Strait and in the EBS interior both in terms of their magnitude and time variability. Analysis of the data-optimized solution quantifies a sequence of wind-forced events that resulted in the anomalous heat and freshwater transports through the Bering Strait, including a 28 day long flow reversal that occurred in November 2009 and carried Siberian Coastal Current water down to the Gulf of Anadyr. Lagrangian study of the Arctic-bound Pacific waters indicates the extreme importance of the cross-shelf exchange along the path of the Bering Slope Current and quantifies the spectrum of residence times for the waters entering EBS through Unimak Pass and through Aleutian passages. Residence times in the EBS cold pool are diagnosed to be 2-3 times longer than those in the surrounding waters. C1 [Panteleev, Gleb] Univ Alaska, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. [Panteleev, Gleb] Natl Tomsk Res Polytech Univ, Tomsk, Russia. [Yaremchuk, Max] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Francis, Oceana] Univ Hawaii, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Stabeno, Phyllis J.] Natl Atmospher & Ocean Adm, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA USA. [Weingartner, T.] Univ Alaska, Sch Fisheries & Marine Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. [Zhang, J.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Panteleev, G (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.; Panteleev, G (reprint author), Natl Tomsk Res Polytech Univ, Tomsk, Russia. EM gleb@iarc.uaf.edu FU NSF [1107925, 1203740]; ONR; Russia government [megagrant 2013-220-04-157]; International Arctic Research Center; [ARC-1107327] FX This study was supported by International Arctic Research Center, NSF grants 1107925, 1203740, and ARC-1107327. Max Yaremchuk was supported by the ONR core projects" Adjoint-free 4dvar for navy ocean models" and "Coupled data assimilation." We further thank the support of the Russia government (megagrant 2013-220-04-157). The authors are indebted to R. Woodgate of APL UW for providing current meter data in the Bering Strait. The results of the reanalysis can be downloaded from http://people.iarc.uaf.edu/g1eb/best_reanalysis/final_report/final_repor t.htm). NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUN PY 2016 VL 121 IS 6 BP 3970 EP 3989 DI 10.1002/2015JC011287 PG 20 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DW2JD UT WOS:000383467800018 ER PT J AU Moses, WJ Ackleson, SG Hair, JW Hostetler, CA Miller, WD AF Moses, Wesley J. Ackleson, Steven G. Hair, Johnathan W. Hostetler, Chris A. Miller, W. David TI Spatial scales of optical variability in the coastal ocean: Implications for remote sensing and in situ sampling SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID UNIVERSAL MULTIFRACTALS; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GEORGES BANK; SEA-SURFACE; CHLOROPHYLL; PHYTOPLANKTON; PATCHINESS; COLOR AB Use of ocean color remote sensing to understand the effects of environmental changes and anthropogenic activities on estuarine and coastal waters requires the capability to measure and track optically detectable complex biogeochemical processes. An important remote sensor design consideration is the minimum spatial resolution required to resolve key ocean features of physical and biological significance. The spatial scale of variability in optical properties of coastal waters has been investigated using continuous, along-track measurements collected using instruments deployed from ships, aircraft, and satellites. We defined the average coefficient of variance, (CV) over bar (a), within an image pixel as the primary statistical measure of subpixel variability and investigated how (CV) over bar (a)changes as a function of the Ground Sampling Distance (GSD). In general, d (CV) over bar (a)/dGSD is positive, indicating that the subpixel variability increases with GSD. The relationship between (CV) over bar (a) and GSD is generally nonlinear and the greatest rate of change occurs at small spatial scales. Points of distinct transition in the relationship between (CV) over bar (a) and GSD are evident between 75 and 600 m, varying depending on the location and the optical parameter, and representing the GSD above which most of the spatial variability due to small-scale features is subsumed within a pixel. At GSDs greater than the transition point, most of the small-scale variability occurs at subpixel scales and, therefore, cannot be resolved. On average, the transition GSD is around 200 m. The results have application in both sensor design and in situ sampling strategy in support of coastal remote sensing operations. C1 [Moses, Wesley J.; Ackleson, Steven G.; Miller, W. David] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hair, Johnathan W.; Hostetler, Chris A.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. RP Moses, WJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM wesley.moses@nrl.navy.mil OI Miller, W. David/0000-0002-4940-5987 FU NASA through the PACE-Science Team; GEO-CAPE Science Working Group grants; Ship-Aircraft Bio-Optical Research experiment FX We thank Michael Twardowski, who is currently at the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, and Scott Freeman, who is currently at NASA, for their help in collecting data from Long Island Sound. This work was supported by funds from NASA through the PACE-Science Team and GEO-CAPE Science Working Group grants and the Ship-Aircraft Bio-Optical Research experiment. The data from the Tara Oceans expedition are available at a repository maintained by the University of Maine, http://misclab.umeoce.maine.edu/research/research19.php. The AVIRIS data can be obtained from http://aviris.jpl.nasa.gov/, the OLI data from http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/, and the HICO data from http://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/cms/. The in-water data from Long Island Sound, lidar data, and airborne remote sensing data from CASI, were collected by the authors and are available upon request through direct contact with any of the authors. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUN PY 2016 VL 121 IS 6 BP 4194 EP 4208 DI 10.1002/2016JC011767 PG 15 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DW2JD UT WOS:000383467800030 ER PT J AU Wood, BE Lean, JL McDonald, SE Wang, YM AF Wood, Brian E. Lean, Judith L. McDonald, Sarah E. Wang, Yi-Ming TI Comparative ionospheric impacts and solar origins of nine strong geomagnetic storms in 2010-2015 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; MAGNETIC CLOUDS; CYCLE 24; EMPIRICAL RECONSTRUCTION; STEREO MISSION; WIND; SUN; PARAMETERS; EARTH; TEC AB For nine of the strongest geomagnetic storms in solar cycle 24 we characterize, quantify, and compare the impacts on ionospheric total electron content (TEC) and the U.S. Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) with the heliospheric morphology and kinematics of the responsible coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and their solar source regions. Regional TEC responses to the events are similar in many respects, especially in the initial positive phase. For the subsequent negative phase, Dst is a better indicator than ap of the magnitude of the TEC decrease. The five events that arrive between 13: 00 UT and 21: 00 UT (local daytime in the U.S.) produce large WAAS degradations, and the four events that arrive outside this time of day produce lesser or no WAAS degradation. Our sample of geoeffective events includes CMEs with only modestly fast speeds, ones that only provided glancing impacts on Earth by their shock sheaths and ones not associated with any significant flare. While all of the CMEs traveled faster than the solar wind, they nevertheless have a wide range of velocities and produced a range of Bz values; neither speed nor Bz correlates significantly with ionospheric impact. Comparison with the locations of surface activity leads to estimates of deflection for the CMEs, with the average deflection being 19 degrees. At least a few events may have missed Earth entirely in the absence of coronal deflection. C1 [Wood, Brian E.; Lean, Judith L.; McDonald, Sarah E.; Wang, Yi-Ming] Naval Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wood, BE (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.wood@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA FX We sincerely thank two anonymous referees for providing insightful comments that significantly improved the paper. This research has made use of solar measurements archived at NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center (http://www.swpc.noaa.gov) and geomagnetic and ionospheric data archived at the National Geophysical Data Center (http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov) and NASA's Coordinated Data Analysis Web (http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov). Dst indices are at http://wdc.kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dst_provisional/201310/. Information about WAAS was obtained from the William J. Hughes FAA Technical Center's WAAS site (http://www.nstb.tc.faa.gov). This research was supported by funding from NASA and the Chief of Naval Research. We appreciate discussions with colleagues of NRL's ISES research initiative. NR 79 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 121 IS 6 BP 4938 EP 4965 DI 10.1002/2015JA021953 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW1RU UT WOS:000383421100001 ER PT J AU Jones, M Forbes, JM Hagan, ME AF Jones, M., Jr. Forbes, J. M. Hagan, M. E. TI Solar cycle variability in mean thermospheric composition and temperature induced by atmospheric tides SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; 5.3 MU-M; NITRIC-OXIDE; PROPAGATING TIDES; TRANSPORT; EQUINOX; MIDDLE; SIMULATIONS; DYNAMICS; STORMS AB In this paper we demonstrate that dissipation of upward propagating tides produces significant changes in the mean temperature of the thermosphere, ranging from +19 K at solar minimum to -15 K at solar maximum in the equatorial region. Our methodology consists of measuring the differential response of the thermosphere-ionosphere-electrodynamics general circulation model (TIE-GCM) under solar minimum and solar maximum conditions to constant tidal forcing at its 97 km lower boundary, as specified by the observationally based Climatological Tidal Model of the Thermosphere. Diagnosis of the model reveals that these changes are mainly driven by 5.3 mu m nitric oxide (NO) cooling, which more efficiently cools the thermosphere at solar maximum. The main role of the tides is to modify the mean molecular oxygen densities ([O-2]) through tidal-induced advective transport, which then lead to changes in NO densities through oxygen-nitrogen chemistry. Through tidal-induced changes in temperature and O, O-2, and N-2 densities, effects on the ionosphere are also quite substantial; tidal-induced modifications to zonal-mean F region peak electron densities (NmF2) are of order -10% at solar maximum and -30% at solar minimum in the equatorial region. Our results introduce an additional consideration when attributing long-term changes in thermospheric temperature and electron densities to CO2 cooling effects alone; that is, dissipation of upward propagating tides may constitute an additional element of global change in the ionosphere-thermosphere (IT) system. C1 [Jones, M., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Forbes, J. M.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO USA. [Hagan, M. E.] Utah State Univ, Dept Phys, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Jones, M (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mcarthur.jones.ctr@nrl.navy.mil RI Jones Jr, McArthur/P-9121-2016 OI Jones Jr, McArthur/0000-0002-0569-0093 FU NASA [NNH13AV24I]; Ford Foundation; High Altitude Observatory; University of Colorado Glenn Murphy Endowed Chair; National Science Foundation FX This work was supported by NASA through interagency agreement NNH13AV24I to the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory and the Chief of Naval Research. Additional support for this work is by the way of a Predoctoral Fellowship from The Ford Foundation, a Graduate Research Assistantship from the High Altitude Observatory, and the University of Colorado Glenn Murphy Endowed Chair. This work was conducted while McArthur Jones Jr. held a National Research Council's Research Associateship. The authors wish to acknowledge Stanley C. Solomon, John T. Emmert, and Douglas P. Drob for valuable discussions regarding NO chemistry in the lower thermosphere and the TIE-GCM. The authors also wish to thank David E. Siskind for his thoughtful review of our manuscript prior to submission and for providing insight into NO chemistry in the lower thermosphere. TIE-GCM outputs in NetCDF format are available upon request from M. Jones Jr. (mcarthur.jones.ctr@nrl.navy.mil). NCAR is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 121 IS 6 BP 5837 EP 5855 DI 10.1002/2016JA022701 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW1RU UT WOS:000383421100064 ER PT J AU Butler, JT Sasao, T AF Butler, Jon T. Sasao, Tsutomu TI A set partition number system SO AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF COMBINATORICS LA English DT Article AB We propose a number system that is based on set partitions. This represents the third number system that is based on combinatorial objects, the other two being combinations and permutations. A number system based on set partitions is useful in the hardware enumeration of set partitions, which is significantly faster than software enumeration. Specifically, the restricted growth string (b(0)b(1) ... b(n-1)) of a set partition pi(I) allows a unique index I to be associated with pi(I), where I is a nonnegative integer in the number system that is represented as I = b(0)omega(0)+ ... +b(n-2)omega(n-2)+b(n-1)omega(n-1). Here, omega(i) is specified by the set partition tree, a data structure derived from the generating tree of set partitions. We show another data structure, the set partition mesh, that is equivalent to the set partition tree. It also stores all set partitions but is much more compact. Indeed, it makes possible the design of hardware set partition generators for n-sets as large as n = 32, compared to the set partition tree, which limits the sets to size no greater than n = 10. C1 [Butler, Jon T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Sasao, Tsutomu] Meiji Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Tama Ku, 1-1-1 Higashi Mita, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 2148571, Japan. RP Butler, JT (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jon_butler@msn.com; sasao@cs.meiji.ac.jp NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTRE DISCRETE MATHEMATICS & COMPUTING PI BRISBANE PA DEPT MATHEMATICS, UNIV QUEENSLAND, BRISBANE, QLD 4072, AUSTRALIA SN 2202-3518 J9 AUSTRALAS J COMB JI Australas. J. Comb. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 65 BP 152 EP 169 PN 2 PG 18 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA DU6CQ UT WOS:000382301500003 ER PT J AU Myjak, MJ Becker, EM Gilbert, AJ Hoff, JE Knudson, CK Landgren, PC Lee, SF McDonald, BS Pfund, DM Redding, RL Smart, JE Taubman, MS Torres-Torres, CR Wiseman, CG AF Myjak, Mitchell J. Becker, Eric M. Gilbert, Andrew J. Hoff, Jonathan E. Knudson, Christa K. Landgren, Peter C. Lee, Samantha F. McDonald, Benjamin S. Pfund, David M. Redding, Rebecca L. Smart, John E. Taubman, Matthew S. Torres-Torres, Carlos R. Wiseman, Clinton G. TI Unattended Sensor System With CLYC Detectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CLYC; detector instrumentation; scintillation detectors; unattended sensor ID GAMMA; SCINTILLATION; CRYSTALS; SPECTRA AB We have developed an unattended sensor for detecting anomalous radiation sources. The system combines several technologies to reduce size and weight, increase battery lifetime, and improve decision-making capabilities. Sixteen Cs2LiYCl6:Ce (CLYC) scintillators allow for gamma-ray spectroscopy and neutron detection in the same volume. Low-power electronics for readout, high voltage bias, and digital processing reduce the total operating power to 1.7 W. Computationally efficient analysis algorithms perform spectral anomaly detection and isotope identification. When an alarm occurs, the system transmits alarm information over a cellular modem. In this paper, we describe the overall design of the unattended sensor, present characterization results, and compare the performance to stock NaI:Tl and He-3 detectors. C1 [Myjak, Mitchell J.; Becker, Eric M.; Gilbert, Andrew J.; Hoff, Jonathan E.; Knudson, Christa K.; Landgren, Peter C.; Lee, Samantha F.; McDonald, Benjamin S.; Pfund, David M.; Redding, Rebecca L.; Smart, John E.; Taubman, Matthew S.; Torres-Torres, Carlos R.; Wiseman, Clinton G.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Becker, Eric M.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hoff, Jonathan E.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Landgren, Peter C.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Lee, Samantha F.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Wiseman, Clinton G.] Univ South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Myjak, MJ (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM mitchell.myjak@pnnl.gov; beckere@engr.orst.edu; andrew.gilbert@pnnl.gov; jonathan.hoff@pnnl.gov; christa.knudson@pnnl.gov; peter.landgren@pnnl.gov; samantha.lee@pnnl.gov; benjamin.mcdonald@pnnl.gov; david.pfund@pnnl.gov; rebecca.redding@pnnl.gov; je.smart@pnnl.gov; matthew.taubman@pnnl.gov; carlos.torres-torres@pnnl.gov; wisemanc@email.sc.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development [NA-22]; US Department of Energy by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development (NA-22). Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is operated for the US Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. PNNL document number: PNNL-SA-115157. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 63 IS 3 BP 1740 EP 1749 DI 10.1109/TNS.2016.2553108 PN 3 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DU8LB UT WOS:000382463600008 ER PT J AU O'Connell, AB AF O'Connell, Aaron B. TI What Soldiers Do: Sex and the American GI in World War II France. SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [O'Connell, Aaron B.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP O'Connell, AB (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0021-8723 EI 1945-2314 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 103 IS 1 BP 152 EP 154 DI 10.1093/jahist/jaw018 PG 4 WC History SC History GA DT0XO UT WOS:000381206500007 ER PT J AU Arnaut, LR Marvin, AC Wilson, PF AF Arnaut, L. R. Marvin, A. C. Wilson, P. F. TI Special Section in Memory of Prof. Paolo Corona SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY LA English DT Editorial Material ID REVERBERATING ENCLOSURE C1 [Arnaut, L. R.] Univ Manchester, Manchester M60 1QD, Lancs, England. [Arnaut, L. R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Arnaut, L. R.] BAE Syst Its RUSSTECH Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Arnaut, L. R.] UK Natl Phys Lab, Teddington, Middx, England. [Arnaut, L. R.] Wireless Commun Grp, Oxford, England. [Arnaut, L. R.] AKS Ltd, London, England. [Arnaut, L. R.] Univ Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Arnaut, L. R.] Queen Mary Univ London, London, England. [Arnaut, L. R.] Beijing Univ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Arnaut, L. R.] Lab Stochast Electromagnet & Wave Complex, London, England. [Arnaut, L. R.] IEC Joint Task Force CISPR A SC77B, London, England. [Arnaut, L. R.] IET, London, England. [Marvin, A. C.] York EMC Serv Ltd, York, N Yorkshire, England. [Marvin, A. C.] Univ York, Dept Elect, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Wilson, P. F.] NIST, RF Fields Grp, RF Technol Div, Boulder, CO USA. RP Arnaut, LR (reprint author), Queen Mary Univ London, London, England.; Arnaut, LR (reprint author), Imperial Coll London, London, England.; Arnaut, LR (reprint author), French Natl Inst Appl Sci INSA, Toulouse, France.; Arnaut, LR (reprint author), Univ Paris, Paris, France. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9375 EI 1558-187X J9 IEEE T ELECTROMAGN C JI IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 58 IS 3 BP 640 EP 642 DI 10.1109/TEMC.2016.2549006 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA DT4EO UT WOS:000381433100002 ER PT J AU Spott, A Peters, J Davenport, ML Stanton, EJ Zhang, C Merritt, CD Bewley, WW Vurgaftman, I Kim, CS Meyer, JR Kirch, J Mawst, LJ Botez, D Bowers, JE AF Spott, Alexander Peters, Jon Davenport, Michael L. Stanton, Eric J. Zhang, Chong Merritt, Charles D. Bewley, William W. Vurgaftman, Igor Kim, Chul Soo Meyer, Jerry R. Kirch, Jeremy Mawst, Luke J. Botez, Dan Bowers, John E. TI Heterogeneously Integrated Distributed Feedback Quantum Cascade Lasers on Silicon SO PHOTONICS LA English DT Article DE quantum cascade laser; silicon photonics; distributed feedback laser; mid-infrared ID M WAVELENGTH RANGE; CONTINUOUS-WAVE AB Silicon integration of mid-infrared (MIR) photonic devices promises to enable low-cost, compact sensing and detection capabilities that are compatible with existing silicon photonic and silicon electronic technologies. Heterogeneous integration by bonding III-V wafers to silicon waveguides has been employed previously to build integrated diode lasers for wavelengths from 1310 to 2010 nm. Recently, Fabry-Perot Quantum Cascade Lasers integrated on silicon provided a 4800 nm light source for mid-infrared (MIR) silicon photonic applications. Distributed feedback (DFB) lasers are appealing for many high-sensitivity chemical spectroscopic sensing applications that require a single frequency, narrow-linewidth MIR source. While heterogeneously integrated 1550 nm DFB lasers have been demonstrated by introducing a shallow surface grating on a silicon waveguide within the active region, no mid-infrared DFB laser on silicon has been reported to date. Here we demonstrate quantum cascade DFB lasers heterogeneously integrated with silicon-on-nitride-on-insulator (SONOI) waveguides. These lasers emit over 200 mW of pulsed power at room temperature and operate up to 100 degrees C. Although the output is not single mode, the DFB grating nonetheless imposes wavelength selectivity with 22 nm of thermal tuning. C1 [Spott, Alexander; Peters, Jon; Davenport, Michael L.; Stanton, Eric J.; Zhang, Chong; Bowers, John E.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Merritt, Charles D.; Bewley, William W.; Vurgaftman, Igor; Kim, Chul Soo; Meyer, Jerry R.] Naval Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kirch, Jeremy; Mawst, Luke J.; Botez, Dan] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1415 Johnson Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Spott, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM spott@ece.ucsb.edu; peters@ece.ucsb.edu; mld01@umail.ucsb.edu; estanton@ece.ucsb.edu; czhang@ece.ucsb.edu; charles.merritt@nrl.navy.mil; william.bewley@nrl.navy.mil; igor.vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil; chulsoo.kim@nrl.navy.mil; jerry.meyer@nrl.navy.mil; jdkirch@wisc.edu; mawst@engr.wisc.edu; botez@engr.wisc.edu; bowers@ece.ucsb.edu NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2304-6732 J9 PHOTONICS JI Photonics PD JUN PY 2016 VL 3 IS 2 AR 35 DI 10.3390/photonics3020035 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA DT9ZD UT WOS:000381860000024 ER PT J AU Wilson, B AF Wilson, Brian TI HUMAN RIGHTS AND MARITIME LAW ENFORCEMENT SO STANFORD JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW LA English DT Article ID SEA; SECURITY AB Maritime law enforcement responses since 2010 have sparked unprecedented attention to the intersection of human rights and maritime security. This article examines four major response areas: Drug trafficking, piracy, migration, and illegal fishing. Seminal authorities and recent judicial opinions are explored along with specific questions, such as how long a suspected criminal captured at sea may be detained aboard a warship, when lethal force may be employed, and under what circumstances may a suspicious vessel be destroyed. Courts are increasingly addressing issues once considered within the sole discretion of government officials and operational commanders. The result, unfortunately, is an ad hoc collection of judicial opinions, treaties, and multilateral agreements that lack coherence and consistency. This article sets forth an essential road map for harmonizing human rights obligations with the inherent challenges of high seas maritime law enforcement. C1 [Wilson, Brian] US Navy, Global Maritime Operat Threat Response Coordinato, US Coast Guard, US Dept Homeland Secur, Washington, DC USA. [Wilson, Brian] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Wilson, B (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM brianstwilson@gmail.com NR 149 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD LAW SCHOOL PI STANFORD PA STANFORD JOURNAL INT LAW, 559 NATHAN ABBOTT WAY, STANFORD, CA 94305-8610 USA SN 0731-5082 J9 STANFORD J INT LAW JI Stanford J. Int. Law PD SUM PY 2016 VL 52 IS 2 BP 243 EP 319 PG 77 WC International Relations; Law SC International Relations; Government & Law GA DS7NJ UT WOS:000380969900002 ER PT J AU Etherington, CJ Anderson, MW Bach, E Butler, JT Stanica, P AF Etherington, Carole J. Anderson, Matthew W. Bach, Eric Butler, Jon T. Stanica, Pantelimon TI A Parallel Approach in Computing Correlation Immunity up to Six Variables SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOUNDATIONS OF COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Reconfigurable computing; cryptographic Boolean functions; correlation immunity; symmetric functions; rotation symmetric functions ID RESILIENT BOOLEAN FUNCTIONS; ALGEBRAIC ATTACKS; LINEAR FEEDBACK; STREAM CIPHERS AB We show the use of a reconfigurable computer in computing the correlation immunity Boolean functions of up to 6 variables. Boolean functions with high correlation immunity are desired in cryptographic systems because they are immune to correlation attacks. The SRC-6 reconfigurable computer was programmed in Verilog to compute the correlation immunity of functions. This computation is performed at a rate that is 190 times faster than a conventional computer. Our analysis of the correlation immunity TI-Vi able Boolean for 2 <= n <= 6, thus obtaining, for the first time, a complete distribution of such functions. We also compare correlation immunity with two other cryptographic properties, nonlinearity and degree. C1 [Etherington, Carole J.; Butler, Jon T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, ECE Dept, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Anderson, Matthew W.] Union Coll, Dept Comp Sci, 807 Union St, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. [Bach, Eric] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Comp Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Stanica, Pantelimon] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Etherington, CJ (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, ECE Dept, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM carole.etherington@navy.mil; andersm2@union.edu; bach@cs.wisc.edu; jbutler@nps.edu; pstanica@nps.edu FU NSF Grant [CCF-1420750, CCF-0523680] FX Eric Bach was partially supported by NSF Grant CCF-1420750. Matt Anderson's work was done at the University of Wisconsin, partially supported by NSF Grant CCF-0523680. Thanks also to Barbara Hamilton of IDA for assistance with references. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0129-0541 EI 1793-6373 J9 INT J FOUND COMPUT S JI Int. J. Found. Comput. Sci. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 27 IS 4 BP 511 EP 528 DI 10.1142/S0129054116500131 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA DT1DL UT WOS:000381221800007 ER PT J AU Luca, F Stanica, P AF Luca, Florian Stanica, Pantelimon TI On Fibonacci numbers which are elliptic Carmichael SO PERIODICA MATHEMATICA HUNGARICA LA English DT Article DE Fibonacci numbers; Elliptic Carmichael numbers; Primitive divisors ID PSEUDOPRIMES; LUCAS AB Here, we show that if E is a CM elliptic curve with CM field different from Q (root-1 ), then the set of n for which the nth Fibonacci number F-n is elliptic Carmichael for E is of asymptotic density zero. C1 [Luca, Florian] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Math, Private Bag X3, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Stanica, Pantelimon] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Stanica, P (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM florian.luca@wits.ac.za; pstanica@nps.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0031-5303 EI 1588-2829 J9 PERIOD MATH HUNG JI Period. Math. Hung. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 72 IS 2 BP 171 EP 179 DI 10.1007/s10998-016-0117-4 PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA DS3OX UT WOS:000380693600007 ER PT J AU Szymczak, WG Gamache, RM AF Szymczak, William G. Gamache, Raymond M. TI Predictions of the Ejected Water Mass from Shallow Depth Explosion Plumes SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NONLINEAR SCIENCES AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE Bubble dynamics; underwater explosion bubble; water plumes; water barrier; computational fluid dynamics; equivalent water length ID COMPUTATIONS; BOUNDARY AB A study is presented showing results of predictions of the amount of water ejected from shallow depth explosions. Measurements of the Equivalent Water Length (EWL) are determined by integrating the density along a horizontal line through the plume. These EWL values are important for the assessment of the viability of using plumes as an effective water barrier for vessel defense. The predictions are obtained using a model based on a generalized formulation of hydrodynamics using an incompressible liquid assumption. This formulation is well suited for predicting long-time bubble and plume dynamics and has been previously validated on a variety of applications including water plume predictions. The purpose of this study is to obtain estimates for EWL values at specified heights, the time length that these levels persist during the plume evolution, as well as estimates for the effects of charge depth and size. C1 [Szymczak, William G.] Naval Res Lab, Code 7131,4555 Overlook Dr SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gamache, Raymond M.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Szymczak, WG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 7131,4555 Overlook Dr SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM william.szymczak@nrl.navy.mil; rmgamach@nps.edu NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1565-1339 EI 2191-0294 J9 INT J NONLIN SCI NUM JI Int. J. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 17 IS 3-4 BP 159 EP 173 DI 10.1515/ijnsns-2014-0112 PG 15 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics; Physics, Mathematical SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA DS5IA UT WOS:000380813700003 ER PT J AU Mahadevan, A Paluszkiewicz, T Ravichandran, M Sengupta, D Tandon, A AF Mahadevan, Amala Paluszkiewicz, Theresa Ravichandran, M. Sengupta, Debasis Tandon, Amit TI Introduction to the Special Issue on the Bay of Bengal: From Monsoons to Mixing SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Mahadevan, Amala] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Paluszkiewicz, Theresa] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. [Ravichandran, M.] Indian Natl Ctr Ocean Informat Serv, Observat & Modeling, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Sengupta, Debasis] Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. [Tandon, Amit] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Mech Engn, N Dartmouth, MA USA. RP Mahadevan, A (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. EM amala@whoi.edu NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD JUN PY 2016 VL 29 IS 2 SI SI BP 14 EP 17 DI 10.5670/oceanog.2016.29 PG 4 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DS2EY UT WOS:000380572500005 ER PT J AU Tandon, A D'Asaro, EA Stafford, KM Sengupta, D Ravichandran, M Baumgartner, M Venkatesan, R Paluszkiewicz, T AF Tandon, Amit D'Asaro, Eric A. Stafford, Kathleen M. Sengupta, Debasis Ravichandran, M. Baumgartner, Mark Venkatesan, R. Paluszkiewicz, Theresa TI Technological Advancements in Observing the Upper Ocean in the Bay of Bengal: Education and Capacity Building SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID INDIAN-OCEAN; INTRASEASONAL VARIABILITY; MONSOON; CIRCULATION; BOBMEX; ARRAY AB Because the monsoon strongly affects India, there is a clear need for indigenous expertise in advancing the science that underlies monsoon prediction. The safety of marine transport in the tropics relies on accurate atmospheric and ocean environment predictions on weekly and longer time scales in the Indian Ocean. This need to better forecast the monsoon motivates the United States to advance basic research and support training of early career US scientists in tropical oceanography. Earlier Indian field campaigns and modeling studies indicated that an improved understanding of the interactions between the upper ocean and the atmosphere in the Bay of Bengal at finer spatial and temporal scales could lead to improved intraseasonal monsoon forecasts. The joint US Air-Sea Interactions Regional Initiative (ASIRI) and the Indian Ocean Mixing and Monsoon (OMM) program studied these interactions, resulting in scientific advances described by articles in this special issue of Oceanography. In addition to these scientific advances, and while also developing long-lasting collaborations and building indigenous Indian capability, a key component of these programs is training early career scientists from India and the United States. Training has been focusing on finescale and mixing studies of the upper ocean, air-sea interactions, and marine mammal research. Advanced methods in instrumentation, autonomous robotic platforms, experimental design, data analysis, and modeling have been emphasized. Students and scientists from India and the United States at all levels have been participating in joint cruises on Indian and US research vessels and in training participants in modern tools and methods at summer schools, at focused research workshops, and during research visits. Such activities are building new indigenous capability in India, training a new cadre of US scientists well versed in monsoon air-sea interaction, and forging strong links between Indian and US oceanographic institutions. C1 [Tandon, Amit] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Mech Engn, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. [D'Asaro, Eric A.; Stafford, Kathleen M.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [D'Asaro, Eric A.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sengupta, Debasis] Indian Inst Sci Bengaluru, Ctr Atmosphere & Ocean Sci, Bengaluru, India. [Ravichandran, M.] Indian Natl Ctr Ocean Informat Serv, Observat & Modeling, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Baumgartner, Mark] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Venkatesan, R.] Natl Inst Ocean Technol, Ocean Observat, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. [Paluszkiewicz, Theresa] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Tandon, A (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Mech Engn, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. EM atandon@umassd.edu OI Ravichandran, Muthalagu/0000-0002-4602-0731 FU government of the United States and India through the US Office of Naval Research; government of the United States and India through the Indian Ministry of Earth Sciences; NIOT; INCOIS; IITM FX We are thankful to the governments of the United States and India for support of the ASIRI and OMM initiatives through the US Office of Naval Research and the Indian Ministry of Earth Sciences. We thank G.S. Bhat for help in conducting the IISc workshop, and the directors of NIOT, INCOIS, and IITM for their interest and support. We thank the teams of scientists and staff from IISc, NIOT, and INCOIS who helped organize the various cruises and training activities. We appreciate the officers and crew of the research vessels Roger Revelle, Sagar Nidhi, and Sagar Kanya for their help and active cooperation during all science and training cruises. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD JUN PY 2016 VL 29 IS 2 SI SI BP 242 EP 253 DI 10.5670/oceanog.2016.56 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA DS2EY UT WOS:000380572500027 ER PT J AU Davis, JD Kutzer, MD Chirikjian, GS AF Davis, Joshua D. Kutzer, Michael D. Chirikjian, Gregory S. TI Algorithms for Multilayer Conformal Additive Manufacturing SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE; OFFSET CURVES AB Despite the rapid advance of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies in recent years, methods to fully encase objects with multilayer, thick features are still undeveloped. This issue can be overcome by printing layers conformally about an object's natural boundary, as opposed to current methods that utilize planar layering. With this mindset, two methods are derived to generate layers between the boundaries of initial and desired geometric objects in both two and three dimensions. The first method is based on variable offset curves (VOCs) and is applicable to pairs of initial and desired geometric objects that satisfy mild compatibility conditions. In this method, layers are generated by uniformly partitioning each of the normal line segments emanating from the initial object boundary and intersecting the desired object. The second method is based on manipulated solutions to Laplace's equation and is applicable to all geometric objects. Using each method, we present examples of layer generation for several objects of varying convexities. Results are compared, and the respective advantages and limitations of each method are discussed. C1 [Davis, Joshua D.; Chirikjian, Gregory S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Robot & Prot Kinemat Lab, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Kutzer, Michael D.] US Naval Acad, Weap & Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. RP Davis, JD (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Robot & Prot Kinemat Lab, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM jdavi160@jhu.edu; kutzer@usna.edu; gregc@jhu.edu FU Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory; Office of Naval Research [N0001415WX01372]; National Science Foundation as an IPA under the IR/D program FX This work was supported by Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory FY14 Independent Research and Development funds and partially supported by the Office of Naval Research FY15 Grant No. N0001415WX01372. Chirikjian's contribution to this material is based upon work supported by (while serving at) the National Science Foundation as an IPA under the IR/D program. The authors thank Bob Matteson, Ryan Forrest, and Paul Biermann for their useful discussions related to this work. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1530-9827 EI 1944-7078 J9 J COMPUT INF SCI ENG JI J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 16 IS 2 AR 021003 DI 10.1115/1.4033047 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing SC Computer Science; Engineering GA DR8SB UT WOS:000380166500003 ER PT J AU Afsari, HS Dos Santos, MC Linden, S Chen, T Qiu, X Henegouwen, PMPVE Jennings, TL Susumu, K Medintz, IL Hildebrandt, N Miller, LW AF Afsari, Hamid Samareh Dos Santos, Marcelina Cardoso Linden, Stina Chen, Ting Qiu, Xue Henegouwen, Paul M. P. van Bergen En Jennings, Travis L. Susumu, Kimihiro Medintz, Igor L. Hildebrandt, Niko Miller, Lawrence W. TI Time-gated FRET nanoassemblies for rapid and sensitive intra- and extracellular fluorescence imaging SO SCIENCE ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS; LIVING CELLS; BIOCOMPATIBLE SEMICONDUCTOR; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; TRANSFER RELAYS; MICROSCOPY; DELIVERY; LUMINESCENCE AB Time-gated Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) using the unique material combination of long-lifetime terbium complexes (Tb) and semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) provides many advantages for highly sensitive and multi-plexed biosensing. Although time-gated detection can efficiently suppress sample autofluorescence and background fluorescence from directly excited FRET acceptors, Tb-to-QD FRET has rarely been exploited for biomolecular imaging. We demonstrate Tb-to-QD time-gated FRET nanoassemblies that can be applied for intra-and extracellular imaging. Immunostaining of different epitopes of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with Tb- and QD-conjugated antibodies and nanobodies allowed for efficient Tb-to-QD FRET on A431 cell membranes. The broad usability of Tb-to-QD FRET was further demonstrated by intracellular Tb-to-QD FRET and Tb-to-QD-to-dye FRET using micro-injection as well as cell-penetrating peptide-mediated endocytosis with HeLa cells. Effective brightness enhancement by FRET from several Tb to the same QD, the use of low nanomolar concentrations, and the quick and sensitive detection void of FRET acceptor background fluorescence are important advantages for advanced intra-and extracellular imaging of biomolecular interactions. C1 [Afsari, Hamid Samareh; Chen, Ting; Miller, Lawrence W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, 845 West Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Dos Santos, Marcelina Cardoso; Linden, Stina; Qiu, Xue; Hildebrandt, Niko] Univ Paris 11, Univ Paris Saclay, CNRS, Inst Elect Fondamentale,NanoBioPhoton, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Henegouwen, Paul M. P. van Bergen En] Univ Utrecht, Dept Biol, Fac Sci, Cell Biol, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. [Jennings, Travis L.] Affymetrix Inc, 10255 Sci Ctr Dr, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Susumu, Kimihiro] US Naval Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Code 5611, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Susumu, Kimihiro] Sotera Def Solut, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Medintz, Igor L.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Miller, LW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, 845 West Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.; Hildebrandt, N (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, Univ Paris Saclay, CNRS, Inst Elect Fondamentale,NanoBioPhoton, F-91405 Orsay, France. EM niko.hildebrandt@u-psud.fr; lwm2006@uic.edu RI Samareh Afsari, Hamid/A-1595-2011; QIU, Xue/K-4251-2013 OI Samareh Afsari, Hamid/0000-0002-5839-4765; FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM081030] NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 26 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 2375-2548 J9 SCI ADV JI Sci. Adv. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 2 IS 6 AR e1600265 DI 10.1126/sciadv.1600265 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR7IS UT WOS:000380073800027 PM 27386579 ER PT J AU Hildreth, OJ Nassar, AR Chasse, KR Simpson, TW AF Hildreth, Owen J. Nassar, Abdalla R. Chasse, Kevin R. Simpson, Timothy W. TI Dissolvable Metal Supports for 3D Direct Metal Printing SO 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article ID NITRIC-ACID; CORROSION; BEHAVIOR AB Additive manufacturing (AM) offers the ability to fabricate complex metallic structures and shapes in a layer-by-layer process. However, overhanging surfaces often require support structures to be fabricated and minimize thermally induced distortion. Unlike polymer AM processes, soluble sacrificial support materials have not been identified and characterized for metallic materials, and, as a result, support structures in 3D printed metals must be removed using additional machining operations. In this work, we demonstrate that sacrificial metal supports can be fabricated by taking advantage of differences in the chemical and electrochemical stability between different metals. As a demonstration, a stainless steel bridged structure with a 90 degrees overhang was fabricated using a carbon steel sacrificial support that was later removed through electrochemical etching in 41wt.% nitric acid with bubbling O-2. Open circuit potentials and potentiodynamic polarization curves were gathered to verify etch selectivity. No machining, grinding, or finishing operations were required to remove the metallic supports using this approach. This novel approach introduces new capabilities to AM that could drastically reduce the postprocessing needed for 3D printed metal components. C1 [Hildreth, Owen J.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Nassar, Abdalla R.; Simpson, Timothy W.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Innovat Mat Proc Direct Digital Deposit CIMP, State Coll, PA USA. [Chasse, Kevin R.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Corros & Coatings Engn Branch, West Bethesda, MD USA. [Simpson, Timothy W.] Penn State Univ, Mech Engn & Ind Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Hildreth, OJ (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM owen.hildreth@asu.edu OI Hildreth, Owen/0000-0001-5358-9080 FU Science Foundation Arizona [BSP 0615-15] FX Hildreth gratefully acknowledges funding for this project provided by the Science Foundation Arizona for (BSP 0615-15). Powder feedstock and machine time on the Optomec LENS MR-7 system was provided by the Center for Innovative Materials Processing through Direct Digital Deposition (CIMP-3D) at Penn State. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 26 U2 41 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2329-7662 EI 2329-7670 J9 3D PRINT ADDIT MANUF JI 3D Print. Addit. Manuf. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 3 IS 2 BP 90 EP 97 DI 10.1089/3dp.2016.0013 PG 8 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA DQ8CK UT WOS:000379436500004 ER PT J AU Deng, L Li, T Liu, J Peng, M AF Deng Li Li Tim Liu Jia Peng Melinda TI Factors Controlling the Interannual Variations of MJO Intensity SO JOURNAL OF METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE MJO; interannual variation; ENSO; background mean state ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC; SUMMER INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION; EL-NINO; TROPICAL CYCLOGENESIS; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; ENSO; OCEAN; DYNAMICS; MONSOON AB The interannual variations of intensity of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) during boreal winter are investigated by using the observed outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and the reanalysis data of ECMWF and NCEP. The standard deviation of 20-80-day filtered OLR anomaly is used to measure the MJO intensity. The dominant spatial structure of the interannual variability is revealed by an EOF analysis of the MJO intensity field. It is found that the leading mode is associated with eastern Pacific type ENSO, whereas the second mode is related to central Pacific type ENSO. A simple atmospheric model is used to investigate the relative roles of background moisture and wind changes in affecting the overall strength of MJO. The numerical experiments indicate that the background moisture effect is dominant while the background wind change has a minor effect. C1 [Deng Li; Li Tim; Liu Jia] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci Technol, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Educ Meteorol D, Joint Int Res Lab Climate & Environm Change, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster,Minist Educ, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Li Tim] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Int Pacific Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Li Tim] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Atmospher Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Peng Melinda] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Li, T (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci Technol, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Educ Meteorol D, Joint Int Res Lab Climate & Environm Change, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster,Minist Educ, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.; Li, T (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Int Pacific Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.; Li, T (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Atmospher Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM timli@hawaii.edu FU National (Key) Basic Research and Development (973) Program of China [2015CB453200]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41475084, 41375095]; Naval Research Laboratory [N00173-16-1-G906]; Jiangsu Natural Science Key Project [BK20150062]; Jiangsu Shuang-Chuang Team [R2014SCT001]; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD) FX Supported by the National (Key) Basic Research and Development (973) Program of China (2015CB453200), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41475084 and 41375095), Naval Research Laboratory (N00173-16-1-G906), Jiangsu Natural Science Key Project (BK20150062), Jiangsu Shuang-Chuang Team (R2014SCT001), and Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD). This is SOEST contribution number 9620, IPRC contribution number 1187, and ESMC number 099. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 2095-6037 EI 2198-0934 J9 J METEOROL RES-PRC JI J. Meteorol. Res. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 30 IS 3 BP 328 EP 340 DI 10.1007/s13351-016-5113-3 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DQ9AL UT WOS:000379502700004 ER PT J AU Kumar, A Ben-Tzvi, P Saab, W Snyder, MR AF Kumar, Anil Ben-Tzvi, Pinhas Saab, Wael Snyder, Murray R. TI Wireless telemetry system for real-time estimation of ship air wakes with UAVs SO MECHATRONICS LA English DT Article DE Air turbulence estimation; Artificial neural networks; RC helicopter; Ship air wake; Wireless instrumentation telemetry AB This paper presents a wireless instrumentation system developed for real-time estimation of air turbulence patterns arising from the interaction of wind with any structure under consideration, which is an important study in the aerospace industry. In particular, this paper focuses on the application of the proposed system in a naval research problem for off-board measurement of ship air wake patterns using an instrumented radio controlled (RC) helicopter. We propose the use of an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) as a sensor to measure air wake in the form of induced vibrations on the helicopter while it maneuvers through regions of active air wake. The proposed system makes use of Back Propagation Neural Networks to compensate for the vibrational noise contributed by pilot inputs. The instrumentation system was integrated and tested on a modified training vessel in the Chesapeake Bay, which provided a wide range of wind conditions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kumar, Anil; Ben-Tzvi, Pinhas; Saab, Wael] Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Snyder, Murray R.] US Naval Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Snyder, Murray R.] George Washington Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Ben-Tzvi, P (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. EM bentzvi@vt.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX This research is funded by the Office of Naval Research. Program Officer is Mr. John Kinzer (Code 351). NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0957-4158 J9 MECHATRONICS JI Mechatronics PD JUN PY 2016 VL 36 BP 18 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.mechatronics.2016.03.010 PG 9 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA DQ9WL UT WOS:000379559900002 ER EF