FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Bardwell, WA Ensign, WY Mills, PJ AF Bardwell, WA Ensign, WY Mills, PJ TI Negative mood endures after completion of high-altitude military training SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID STATES; PERFORMANCE; PLACEBO; METERS; SLEEP AB Background: Associations between physical and emotional stress and negative mood states have been documented in a variety of populations. In military personnel, more physical symptoms and decrements in ability, to perform critical tasks have been shown to accompany such stress-induced negative mood. Most research in this area has focused on immediate effects of stress on mood. Purpose: We wondered what immediate mood effects strenuous training would have on Marines, what mood effects would endure 30 and 90 days after completion of training, and how mood scores would compare with normative data. Methods: Sixty male Marines (M age = 19 years, range = 18-28) completed the Profile of Mood States (POMS) at multiple time points before and after participating in a 30-day, cold weather, high-altitude field training exercise. Anthropometric measurements were taken at the same time points. Results: The Marines reported significant increases in POMS scores from baseline to completion of training, most of which endured up to 90 days. The anger and fatigue scores reported by the Marines were comparable to adult male psychiatric outpatient norms. Conclusions: Rigorous training in challenging environments may result in enduring negative moods that approach levels of clinical significance and may have implications for readiness for duty and performance of critical tasks. Behavioral medicine interventions may be helpful in military populations to reduce the impact of negative mood. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Bardwell, WA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM wabardwell@ucsd.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 57265] NR 23 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD FEB PY 2005 VL 29 IS 1 BP 64 EP 69 DI 10.1207/s15324796abm2901_9 PG 6 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 891ZR UT WOS:000226620000008 PM 15677302 ER PT J AU Sulit, DJ Harford, R O'Neill, JT AF Sulit, DJ Harford, R O'Neill, JT TI Discrete papular form of lichen myxedematosus: A case report and review of the literature SO CUTIS LA English DT Review ID CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; CUTANEOUS MUCINOSIS; SCLEROMYXEDEMA; MYXOEDEMATOSUS; INFANCY; CLASSIFICATION; VARIANT; ENTITY AB The discrete papular form of lichen myxedematosus (LM) is a rare idiopathic skin disorder. We present a case of this type in an 80-year-old African American woman. She was treated with pimecrolimus cream, which resulted in symptomatic relief. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the discrete papular form of LM occurring in an African American, as well as the first report on the disorder's response to pimecrolimus therapy. We also review the English medical literature on this rare disease and examine and summarize the findings. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Dermatol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Branch Med Clin, Corps Air Stn, Beaufort, SC USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Dermatol, Dermatol Mohs Microg Surg Lab, San Diego, CA USA. RP O'Neill, JT (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Dermatol, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM jentara55@hotmail.com NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD FEB PY 2005 VL 75 IS 2 BP 105 EP 112 PG 8 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 898CU UT WOS:000227054400005 PM 15773531 ER PT J AU Kaufman, JW Hastings, S AF Kaufman, JW Hastings, S TI Respiratory demand during rigorous physical work in a chemical protective ensemble SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE breathing frequency; chemical biological warfare; chemical filter; minute ventilation; peak inspiratory flow rate; respirator ID INSPIRATORY RESISTANCE; EXERCISE; PERFORMANCE; DEVICES; FLOW AB Protection afforded by a respirator filter depends on many factors, among them chemical or biological agent and flow rate. Filtration mechanisms, such as chemical adsorption, depend on sufficient residence time for the filter media to extract noxious agents from the airstream. Consequently, filter efficiency depends on inspiratory air velocities, among other factors. Filter designs account for this by adjusting bed depth and cross-sectional area to anticipated flow rates. Many military and commercial filters are designed and tested at 3240 L/min. The present study investigated respiratory demand while U.S. Marines (n = 32) completed operationally relevant tasks in chemical protective ensembles, including M-40 masks and C2Al filters. Respiratory demand greatly exceeded current test conditions during the most arduous tasks: minute ventilation = 96.4 +/- 18.9 L/min (mean +/- SD) with a maximum of 131.7 L/min observed in one subject. Mean peak inspiratory flow rate (PIF) reached 238.7 +/- 34.0 L/min with maximum PIF often exceeding 300 L/min (maximum observed value = 356.3 L/min). The observed respiratory demand was consistent with data reported in previous laboratory studies of very heavy workloads. This study is among the few to report on respiratory demand while subjects perform operationally relevant tasking in chemical protective ensembles. The results indicate that military and industrial filters will probably encounter higher flow rates than previously anticipated during heavy exertion. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft,Unit 5, Air Syst Command,Human Performance Technol Branch, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. ARINC Inc, California, MD USA. RP Kaufman, JW (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft,Unit 5, Air Syst Command,Human Performance Technol Branch, Bldg 2187,Suite 2280,48110 Shaw Rd, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM jonathan.kaufman@navy.mil NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2005 VL 2 IS 2 BP 98 EP 110 DI 10.1080/15459620590909682 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 896RT UT WOS:000226951900005 PM 15764530 ER PT J AU Gunderson, EKE Garland, CF Miller, MR Gorham, ED AF Gunderson, EKE Garland, CF Miller, MR Gorham, ED TI Career history archival medical and personnel system SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES-NAVY; US-NAVY; EXPOSURE; MELANOMA; DISEASE AB The Career History Archival Medical and Personnel System is a database that provides information on cancer, chronic diseases, occupational and preventive medicine, epidemiological research, and the use of health care in the Navy and Marine Corps. It was created at the Naval Health Research Center for enlisted Navy personnel, and it is being expanded to encompass all military personnel. Its objective is to provide a comprehensive, chronologically ordered database of career and medical events in all active duty military service members and to track career and disease events in order from the date of entry to service to the date service ended. Events include the dates of beginning and ending of each specific military occupation, all assignments to a military units or ships, all hospitalized diseases, and other events. The database contains detailed epidemiological data on more than six million members of the military services. It is the largest known epidemiological database in the United States. C1 USN, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Program, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Gunderson, EKE (reprint author), USN, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Program, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 17 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2005 VL 170 IS 2 BP 172 EP 175 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JH UT WOS:000235830900017 PM 15782842 ER PT J AU Merfeld, G Molaison, C Koeniger, R Acar, AE Mordhorst, S Suriano, J Irwin, P Warner, RS Gray, K Smith, M Kovaleski, K Garrett, G Finley, S Meredith, D Spicer, M Naguy, T AF Merfeld, G Molaison, C Koeniger, R Acar, AE Mordhorst, S Suriano, J Irwin, P Warner, RS Gray, K Smith, M Kovaleski, K Garrett, G Finley, S Meredith, D Spicer, M Naguy, T TI Acid/epoxy reaction catalyst screening for low temperature (120 degrees C) powder coatings SO PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS LA English DT Review DE powder coating; low temperature cure; epoxy; catalysis; thermal analysis; yellowing ID BLOCKED ISOCYANATES-III; PART AB This paper describes efforts to identify and screen suitable acid/epoxy reaction catalysts for low temperature curing (less than or equal to120degreesC) powder coatings including tertiary amines, ammonium compounds, and metal complexes. Thermal analysis techniques were developed to aid evaluation of catalyst efficacy and a statistical design of experiments was carried out to study several commercially available catalysts. In three different resin/crosslinker systems, the effect of catalyst type and loading were assessed and ranked in terms of kinetic responses including reaction rate, total heat-of-reaction, and extent-of-conversion. Isothermal kinetics modeling was also used to predict and compare reaction rates over a range of temperatures. Additionally, the susceptibility of each catalyzed system to thermal yellowing upon over-bake was evaluated. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 GE Global Res, Polymer & Specialty Chem Technol, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. Crosslink Powder Coatings Inc, Clearwater, FL USA. Honeywell Dept Energy, Kansas City, MO USA. NavAir, Patuxent River, MD USA. USAF, Ctr Med, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Koeniger, R (reprint author), GE Global Res, Polymer & Specialty Chem Technol, 1 Res Circle,Bldg K1 Room 4B33, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. EM koeniger@research.ge.com NR 44 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0300-9440 J9 PROG ORG COAT JI Prog. Org. Coat. PD FEB 1 PY 2005 VL 52 IS 2 BP 98 EP 109 DI 10.1016/j.progcoat.2004.09.004 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 891XP UT WOS:000226614600003 ER PT S AU Fleck, K AF Fleck, Kacie GP IEEE TI Evaluation of the Special Warfare Kits of the UH-1Y helicopter SO 2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference, Vols 1-4 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 05-12, 2005 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE AB The United States Marine Corps (USMC) Special Warfare Mission Kits were tested for fit, form, and function on the upgraded UH-1Y "Huey". Special Warfare Kits are utilized for rapid insertion of USMC personnel where terrain or other mission constraints will not allow the helicopter to land and takeoff safely. The evaluation consisted of ground and flight test of the fast rope, Special Patrol Insertion/Extraction (SPIE), and rappel mission kits; static line and free fall parachute operations; and the internally mounted AN/ASC-26 communications package. Ground testing was conducted to evaluate each mission kit when installed on the UH-1Y. Certified Helicopter Rope Suspension Techniques (HRST) Masters and Jumpmasters were used during the evaluation conducted at Naval Air Station (NAS) Patuxent River. Flight tests were conducted in NAS Patuxent River local flying area and Marine Corps Base (MBC) Quantico with support from Reconnaissance and Amphibious Raids and Special Operations Training Group from New River, North Carolina. This paper describes the aircraft and test equipment, documents flight test planning, scope, and risk mitigation measures used, presents test results, including enhanced capabilities from the legacy UH-1N aircraft, and documents "lessons learned" for future flight test evaluations. C1 Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Aircraft Div, Integrated Syst Evaluat Expt & Test Dept, Upgrades Flight Test Integrated Prod Team H1, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Fleck, K (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Aircraft Div, Integrated Syst Evaluat Expt & Test Dept, Upgrades Flight Test Integrated Prod Team H1, 22474 James Rd, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-8869-0 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2005 BP 2919 EP 2925 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BEN93 UT WOS:000238379002075 ER PT S AU Westervelt, K AF Westervelt, Kerry GP IEEE TI Transforming a maintenance ground station SO 2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference, Vols 1-4 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 05-12, 2005 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE AB Diagnostics (1,2) information from the V-22 Osprey aircraft is processed using the Aircraft Maintenance Event Ground Station (AMEGS). Afterward, this information is debriefed with the aircrew and maintainers to determine if any gripes should be written to repair, service, or inspect the aircraft. Early in development, the downloaded maintenance data was rarely used because of numerous Built-In-Test (BIT) false alarms, and AMEGS was not integrated with the Naval Aviation Logistics Command Management Information System Optimized Organization Maintenance Activity (NALCOMIS-OOMA). Today, AMEGS is an integral part of the V-22's Automated Maintenance Environment (AME) providing the capability to generate work orders from the aircraft's BIT and Vibration, Structural Life and Engine Diagnostics (VSLED). Furthermore, AMEGS has taken the first step towards establishing. a link to the Interactive Electronic Technical Manual (IETM) by displaying a cross-reference from a Fault ID to IETM code so the maintainer has a starting point to begin troubleshooting once a work order is generated. This paper discusses how the AMEGS displays were transformed from an engineering tool into a user-friendly format for maintenance and how AMEGS became an instrumental aspect of the V-22's AME in the fleet. C1 Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Westervelt, K (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, Hangar 109,Suite 2A,22474 James Rd,Unit 1, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-8869-0 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2005 BP 3723 EP 3731 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BEN93 UT WOS:000238379003034 ER PT S AU Iyer, BK Macleod, MD AF Iyer, BK Macleod, MD GP IEEE TI Color image retrieval using the datasieve SO 2005 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS 1-5: SPEECH PROCESSING SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing CY MAR 19-23, 2005 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE ID SCALE-SPACE; SEGMENTATION; TRANSFORMS AB With the increased use of on-line resources as well as the availability of digitized images, the need for efficient image retrieval algorithms is high. Research is focusing on systems that use the properties of the regions of an image in their retrieval process so that the search mechanism yields images that are more closely related to the query image. In this paper, we use the datasieve, a recursive nonlinear multiscale morphological operation, to give a scale-space decomposition of the input image. The datasieve uses efficient graph-based algorithms, and can typically compute an entire scale-space decomposition in less than half a second. We show that the 'seed nodes' obtained from the datasieve scale-tree provide a representative sample of the regions in the image. Image matching is then carried out by comparing the seed node features of the query image with the seed node features of the images in the database. The results presented show the method to be promising. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Point Mugu Nawc, CA 93042 USA. RP USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Point Mugu Nawc, CA 93042 USA. EM balaji.iyer@navy.mil; m.macleod@signal.qinetiq.com NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 0-7803-8874-7 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2005 BP 417 EP 420 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BCI02 UT WOS:000229404201105 ER PT S AU Prokopuk, N Son, KA George, T Moon, JS AF Prokopuk, N Son, KA George, T Moon, JS GP IEEE TI Development of GaN-based micro chemical sensor nodes SO 2005 IEEE SENSORS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE Sensors LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th IEEE Conference on Sensors CY OCT 31-NOV 03, 2005 CL Irvine, CA SP IEEE Sensors Council ID PIEZOELECTRIC POLARIZATION; ALGAN/GAN HETEROSTRUCTURES; TRANSISTORS; HEMT AB Sensors based on III-N technology are gaining significant. interest due to their potential for monolithic integration of RF transceivers and light sources and the capability of high temperature operations. We are developing a GaN-based micro chemical sensor node for remote detection of chemical toxins, and present electrical responses of AlGaN/GaN HEMT (High Electron Mobility Transistor) sensors to chemical toxins as well as other common gases. Upon exposure to a chemical toxin, the sensor showed immediate increase in source-drain current (I(ds)). The electrical response of the sensor was clear, reproducible and characteristic of the concentration of the analyte. This is the first time that electrical responses of chemical toxins are measured with a GaN-based microsensor. Detailed analysis on response time, sensitivity and temperature dependence will be discussed. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Prokopuk, N (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM nicholas.prokopuk@navy.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-0395 BN 0-7803-9056-3 J9 IEEE SENSOR PY 2005 BP 199 EP 202 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing GA BEE80 UT WOS:000237003500049 ER PT S AU Tribble, J Sheehy, JB AF Tribble, J Sheehy, JB BE Wyatt, SH TI Performance requirements for the laser event recorder SO Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR) Systems and Applications II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR) Systems and Applications II CY MAR 29-30, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE, Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, UnivCtr Florida, Coll Opt & Photon, Florida Space Inst, IEEE Computat Intelligence Soc, Int Neural Network Soc, Int Soc Professional Thermographers, Michigan Aerosp Corp, Snell Infrared, Swedish Defense Res Agcy, Univ Cent Florida DE laser detection; laser eye safety; laser dosimeter; laser sensor; laser wavelength measurement; diffraction grating; focal plane array; CCD; CMOS; GPS ID INJURIES AB Lasers for defense applications continue to grow in power and fill in new portions of the spectrum, expanding the laser eye safety hazard, particularly to aircrew and aviation safety. The Laser Event Recorder Program within Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) seeks to develop a low cost, self-contained laser sensor able to detect, warn and record laser exposures that hazard aircrew vision. The spectral and temporal range of hazardous lasers (400 to 1600 nm and pulsed to continuous) has presented a challenge in the past. However, diffractive optics and imaging technologies have enabled a solution to this growing threat. This paper will describe the technical requirements for the Laser Event Recorder, which are based on ANSI Z136.1 laser safety standards and common to its use on any platform. To support medical and operational laser eye protection, the LER extracts and records laser wavelength, radiant exposure, exposure duration, pulse structure, latitude, longitude, altitude and time of laser exposure. Specific performance and design issues of the LER prototype will be presented in a companion paper. In this paper, fundamental challenges to the requirements encountered during the first two years of research, development and successful outdoor testing will be reviewed. These include discrimination against all outdoor light levels and the impact of atmospheric beam propagation on accuracy of the radiant exposure determination. Required accuracy and response time of the determination of whether a laser exposure exceeds the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) will be described. Ongoing efforts to coordinate laser exposure reporting and medical management will also be discussed. C1 USN, Air Syst Command, Vis Lab,Aircraft Div, Human Syst Dept,Naval Air Warfare Ctr,Unit 5, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Tribble, J (reprint author), USN, Air Syst Command, Vis Lab,Aircraft Div, Human Syst Dept,Naval Air Warfare Ctr,Unit 5, 48110 Shaw Rd,Bldg 2187,Rm 1A50, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5772-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2005 VL 5787 BP 166 EP 175 DI 10.1117/12.604759 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BCO33 UT WOS:000230404600017 ER PT S AU Carlson, BP Ditzler, WR Havlin, MR AF Carlson, BP Ditzler, WR Havlin, MR BE Nasrabadi, NM Rizvi, SA TI Tactical image parameter adjustment for stereo pair correlation SO Applications of Neural Networks and Machine Learning in Image Processing IX SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Applications of Neural Networks and Machine Learning in Image Processing IX CY JAN 19-20, 2005 CL San Jose, CA SP Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, SPIE DE correlate; register; back-propagation; neural network; image processing; targeting loop AB In modem warfare, timely extraction of coordinates from tactical reconnaissance images remains a critical restriction in the targeting loop. Often, a warfighter has immediate access to real time sensor images. However, extracting the true coordinates of a target can be time consuming and difficult. Usually, the sensor will provide basic parameters such as range, heading, and depression angle, which can be used to correlate the image with an on-line database of stereo images. However, these parameters are often in error. This paper documents a research project conducted at the Naval Air Warfare Center, China Lake, California which solves this problem for range and heading values within the Digital Precision Strike Suite correlation (scene matching) and targeting software also developed at this facility. Stereo templates are built using the stereo images and then projected onto the tactical image plane using the sensor's position parameters such as range and heading. Three values from the results of the correlation attempt are fed to a neural network which will determine whether the parameter is too small or too large. This information is used to adjust the given parameter, perform the correlation again and feed the new values to the neural network. The results obtained are very promising. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA USA. RP Carlson, BP (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, 1 Adm Circle, China Lake, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5646-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2005 VL 5673 BP 117 EP 125 DI 10.1117/12.582038 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BCC99 UT WOS:000228690800013 ER PT S AU Strychacz, C Viirre, E Wing, S AF Strychacz, C Viirre, E Wing, S BE Caldwell, JA Wesensten, NJ TI The use of EEG to measure cerebral changes during computer-based motion sickness-inducing tasks SO Biomonitoring for Physiological and Cognitive Performance during Military Operations SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biomonitoring for Physiological and Cognitive Performance during Military Operations CY MAR 31-APR 01, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE, Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, Univ Cent Florida, Coll Opt & Photon, Florida Space Inst, FOI, Swedish Defense Res Agcy, Univ Central Florida DE EEG; motion sickness ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; LIMITATIONS AB Motion sickness (MS) is a stressor commonly attributed with causing serious navigational and performance errors. The distinct nature of MS suggests this state may have distinct neural markers distinguishable from other states known to affect performance (e.g., stress, fatigue, sleep deprivation, high workload). This pilot study used new high-resolution electro-encephalograph (EEG) technologies to identify distinct neuronal activation changes that occur during MS. Brain EEG activity was monitored while subjects performed a ball-tracking task and viewed stimuli on a projection screen intended to induce motion sickness/spatial disorientation. Results show the presence of EEG spectral changes in all subjects who developed motion sickness when compared to baseline levels. These changes included: 1) low frequency (1 to 10 Hz) changes that may reflect oculomotor movements rather than intra-cerebral sources; 2) increased spectral power across all frequencies (attributable to increased scalp conductivity related to sweating), 3) local increases of power spectra in the 20-50 Hz range (likely attributable to external muscles on the skull) and; 4) a central posterior (occipital) independent component that shows suppression of a 20 Hz peak in the MS condition when compared to baseline. Further research is necessary to refine neural markers, characterize their origin and physiology, to distinguish between motion sickness and other states and to enable markers to be used for operator state monitoring and the designing of interventions for motion sickness. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Strychacz, C (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5782-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2005 VL 5797 BP 139 EP 148 DI 10.1117/12.603715 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physiology SC Behavioral Sciences; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physiology GA BCR90 UT WOS:000230979900016 ER PT J AU Wilfong, ER Jederberg, WW Arfsten, DP Johnson, EW Thitoff, AR Brinkley, WW Schaeffer, DJ AF Wilfong, ER Jederberg, WW Arfsten, DP Johnson, EW Thitoff, AR Brinkley, WW Schaeffer, DJ TI Effects of subchronic dermal application of break-free CLP (R) in CD-1 mice SO CUTANEOUS AND OCULAR TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE break-Free CLP; polyalphaolefin; subchronic; dermal toxicity; dermal irritation; mRNA expression; ALKP activity ID GENE-EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; MOUSE SKIN; CYTOCHROME-P450 ISOZYMES; RAT SKIN; TOXICITY; CYCLOOXYGENASES; KERATINOCYTES; IRRITATION; INDUCTION; EXPOSURE AB Break-Free CLPtrademark (Break-Free CLP) is a commercial metal cleaning, lubricating, and preserving compound used by the military, law enforcement agencies, and private citizens primarily for cleaning/maintenance of bore weapons. Break-Free CLP is predominantly polyalphaolefin oil, but it also contains dibasic ester, and isoparaffinic hydrocarbons, all of which have induced dermal irritation in laboratory animals. Studies were conducted to determine the biological effects of subchronic dermal application of Break-Free CLP to the clipped backs of CD-1 mice. Break-Free CLP, 2.5% croton oil (CO; positive control) or acetone (control vehicle) were applied neat, 50 mu L/application, three times/week for 90 days. One 50-mu L application to a 20 x 3 cm mouse dorsal skin surface area is roughly equivalent to human dermal contact with 260 mu L of Break-Free CLP, assuming that contact with the material is primarily with the upper arms, forearms, and hands. Subchronic application of 2.5% CO in acetone (positive control) and Break-Free CLP resulted in gradual accumulation of a dermal irritation response over the 90-day study period. Foci of epithelial ulceration were evident in application site skin cross sections from Break-Free CLP- and CO-treated mice, with more cases of ulceration occurring in animals treated with CO (50 versus 20%). Genes involved in wound healing and skin defense pathways were also significantly affected by subchronic topical exposure to Break-Free CLP. Both alkaline phosphatase (ALKP) activity and the percentage of lymphocytes were significantly decreased for Break-Free CLP- and CO-treated animals, compared with their respective controls, suggesting systemic effects as a result of subchronic dermal application. Analysis of other major organs did not identify histopathology suggestive of toxicity, but dermal treatment with Break-Free CLP was associated with the down-regulation of a number of genes in the liver involved in stress response and metabolism. The results of this study support the manufacturer's recommendations that personal protective equipment (PPE) should be used with this product to prevent the development of chronic irritation as a result of repeat exposure. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr Detachement, Environm Hlth Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Vet Biosci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Arfsten, DP (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Environm Hlth Effects Lab, 2729 R St,Bldg 837, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM darryl.arfsten@wpafb.af.mil NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0731-3829 J9 CUTAN OCUL TOXICOL JI Cutan. Ocul. Toxicol. PY 2005 VL 24 IS 3 BP 197 EP 216 DI 10.1081/CUS-200068635 PG 20 WC Ophthalmology; Toxicology SC Ophthalmology; Toxicology GA 970WK UT WOS:000232342900006 ER PT S AU Lee, EU Vasudevan, AK AF Lee, EU Vasudevan, AK BE Daniewicz, SR Newman, JC Schwalbe, KH TI Environmentally influenced fatigue in high strength steels SO Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics, 34th Volume SE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International ASTM/ESIS Symposium on Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics CY NOV 19-21, 2003 CL Tampa, FL SP ASTM, European Struct Integr Soc DE fatigue; environment; constant amplitude loading; frequency; stress ratio; environmentally assisted cracking (EAC); fractographic features; trajectory path ID CRACK-GROWTH-BEHAVIOR; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; STRESS RATIO; THRESHOLD; PROPAGATION; PARAMETERS; EXTENSION; CLOSURE; VACUUM; AIR AB A study was conducted to identify the environmental influence on fatigue crack growth behavior of three high strength steels: AerMet 100, 300M, and 4340. These steels were subjected to fatigue tests under constant amplitude loading of frequency 10 Hz and stress ratios R = 0.1 and 0.9, in vacuum, air, and 3.5 % NaCl solution. The fatigue crack growth was characterized with two driving force parameters, stress intensity range, Delta K, and maximum stress intensity, K-max. Especially, the variation of fatigue crack growth per time, da/dt, with K-max in 3.5 % NaCl solution was evaluated with respect to R, environment, and threshold stress intensity for environmentally assisted cracking (EAC), K-IEAC. In addition, the environmental influence on fatigue crack growth was examined with the firactographic features and trajectory path, drawn with the limiting values of Delta K and K-x, Delta K* and K-max*. C1 Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Aerosp Mat Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Lee, EU (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Aerosp Mat Div, Code 4-3-4-2, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 1040-1695 BN 0-8031-3487-8 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2005 IS 1461 BP 151 EP 163 DI 10.1520/STP11492S PG 13 WC Mechanics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Mechanics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BDL70 UT WOS:000234141900010 ER PT B AU Patrey, J Kruse, AA AF Patrey, J Kruse, AA BE Schmorrow, DD TI The cognitive pyramid - Fundamental components that influence human information processing SO Foundations of Augmented Cognition, Vol 11 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Augmented Cognition held in Conjunction with the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction CY JUL 22-27, 2005 CL Las Vegas, NV ID ATTENTION; STRESS AB Over the last decade, significant advances in the fields of neuroscience, cognitive psychology, and psychophysiology have occurred. These developments have revolutionized the way we understand cognitive functioning at a basic level, as well as the more abstract features of human information processing (situational awareness, decision making). The Cognitive Pyramid is comprised of four hierarchical, unidirectional components: cognitive requirements, cognitive mediators, cognitive functional components, and integrated cognition. Cognitive requirements are biologically based, and address the presence of consciousness - mitigating factors relate primarily to the presence of glucose, oxygen and the absence of trauma. Cognitive mediators are primarily physiological factors that can impact cognition and include fatigue, hydration, noise, vibration, thermal stress, and illness. In and of themselves, they are wholly non-cognitive, but their influence on cognition can be profound. The cognitive functional components include the traditional cognitive constructs of memory, attention, and decision-making processes. Lastly, integrated cognition is perhaps best captured by the construct of situational awareness - the coherent, unitary picture emergent from the cognitive components. The Cognitive Pyramid approach will permit the range of cognitive issues to be investigated in both laboratory and applied settings. This paper will discuss the utility of sensing these components in the laboratory and operational environments, as well as future directions for the development of this approach. C1 NAVAIR, Patuxent River, MD USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC PUBL PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430 USA BN 0-8058-5806-7 PY 2005 BP 43 EP 44 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics; Psychology, Experimental SC Computer Science; Engineering; Psychology GA BDJ67 UT WOS:000233848700006 ER PT J AU Smith, JR Mirotznik, MS AF Smith, JR Mirotznik, MS TI Moments via integral transform method for 2-D dielectric materials SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE electromagnetic scattering; method of moments (MoM); transforms AB This paper extends the moments via integral transform method (MITM) which analytically reduces the general method of moments (MoM) impedance equation from a double integral to a single integral thereby significantly reducing the matrix fill time. The MITM makes use of a specialized integral representation of the two, dimensional Green's function (Hankel function) and represents the MoM impedance as a single integral in terms of integral transforms which are analytic for nearly arbitrary shape and weight functions. C1 NSWCCD, Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Smith, JR (reprint author), NSWCCD, Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM smithjr@nswccd.navy.mil; mirotznik@cua.edu NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 53 IS 1 BP 560 EP 563 DI 10.1109/TAP.2004.838749 PN 2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 886VT UT WOS:000226261600038 ER PT J AU Kim, H Kayir, T Mousseau, SL AF Kim, H Kayir, T Mousseau, SL TI Mechanisms of damage formation in transversely impacted glass-epoxy bonded lap joints SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE adhesive joint; transverse impact; damage mechanisms; debonding ID FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS; ADHESIVE JOINTS; ICE IMPACTS; STRENGTH AB Adhesively bonded glass-epoxy lap joints are transversely impacted in order to determine the modes of damage resulting from out-of-plane impacts to the overlap region and to identify mechanisms by which damage formation occurs. Impacts over an energy range of 10-50 J are produced using a low-velocity, high-mass drop weight tower. Woven glass-epoxy joints bonded together with an epoxy adhesive film are tested. Localized debonding is observed for lower energy impacts in the region surrounding the impact point. These debonds, attributed to the transverse shear stress developed within the adhesive, are typically circular and concentric to the impact point, and can exist in the absence of debonds growing from the joint free edges (overlap boundaries). Debonds growing from the free edges initiate at the backside of the specimen (i.e., away from the impact side) where tensile peel stress in combination with shear stress causes failure of the adhesive at this location. Finite element analysis is used to determine the stresses that develop in the adhesive during impact, and to corroborate experimentally based conclusions on the mechanisms of damage formation. For bonded joint impacts, it is possible to experimentally establish damage threat thresholds at which impact damage initiates. Such thresholds are important for joint design, and also when making decisions related to the maintenance and repair of composite bonded joints. This is an important safety feature of bonded composite structures since partial joint-width debonding can occur at moderate impact energy levels, and the resulting damage is difficult (perhaps impossible) to detect by visual inspection. C1 Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Boeing Co, Rocketdyne Propuls & Power, Canoga Pk, CA 91309 USA. NAVAIR, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Kim, H (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0021-9983 J9 J COMPOS MATER JI J. Compos Mater. PY 2005 VL 39 IS 22 BP 2039 EP 2052 DI 10.1177/0021998305052028 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 985NC UT WOS:000233383600005 ER PT J AU Ganal, CD Vaux, KK Bird, LM AF Ganal, CD Vaux, KK Bird, LM TI Dental malformations: An additional feature of digito-cutaneous dysplasia. SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Childrens Hosp & Hlth Ctr, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU B C DECKER INC PI HAMILTON PA 20 HUGHSON ST SOUTH, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 53 IS 1 SU S MA 128 BP S100 EP S100 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 890VR UT WOS:000226539700142 ER PT J AU Bobb, AJ Arfsten, DP Jederberg, WW AF Bobb, AJ Arfsten, DP Jederberg, WW TI N-acetyl-L-cysteine as prophylaxis against sulfur mustard SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; DOUBLE-BLIND; IN-VITRO; CONTROLLED TRIAL; ACETYLCYSTEINE; GLUTATHIONE; APOPTOSIS; RAT; CYTOTOXICITY AB Sulfur mustard (HD) is a blister agent targeting the eyes, respiratory system, skin, and possibly other organs. Extensive exposure can destroy the immune system by destruction of bone marrow cells. There is no antidote for HD or effective treatment other than rapid decontamination. Clinical trials have demonstrated activity for N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) against a number of significant human pathologies involving free radicals, and animal and tissue studies have suggested efficacy for NAC as a chemoprotectant against many toxic chemicals. Among these are studies demonstrating that NAC significantly reduces the effects of HD and HD simulants, both in cultured cells and animals. Given the historical effectiveness of HD, the lack of any effective treatment, the demonstrated chemoprotective properties of NAC, its low toxicity, the lack of regulatory controls, and the data supporting efficacy against HD effects, we suggest daily oral administration of the maximum safe dose of NAC to personnel entering combat zones. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Bobb, AJ (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment, 2729 R St,Bldg 837,Area B, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. OI Bobb, Andrew/0000-0002-2369-8566 NR 65 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 170 IS 1 BP 52 EP 56 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JG UT WOS:000235830800010 PM 15724855 ER PT J AU Booth-Kewley, S Larson, GE AF Booth-Kewley, S Larson, GE TI Predictors of psychiatric hospitalization in the Navy SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MENTAL-DISORDERS; US-NAVY; MILITARY; HEALTH; PREVALENCE; ATTRITION; ASSOCIATION; POPULATION; FAILURE; ILLNESS AB Mental disorders represent an important source of morbidity among U.S. military personnel and are a common reason for early separation from the military. The objective of this study was to identify factors predictive of hospitalization for mental health disorders in a large sample of enlisted Navy personnel. Demographic variables and a variety of psychosocial variables assessed on the Sailors' Health Inventory Program questionnaire were studied as predictors of psychiatric hospitalization. Three psychiatric categories were examined: adjustment reaction, personality disorder, and all other mental health disorders. Several variables were significantly predictive of all three categories of psychiatric hospitalization: female gender, low education level, history of abuse (physical, emotional, or sexual), and tobacco smoking. The results of this study support efforts to develop better psychological screening methods and potential interventions aimed at helping recruits adapt to military life. C1 USN, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Dept, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Booth-Kewley, S (reprint author), USN, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Dept, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JAN PY 2005 VL 170 IS 1 BP 87 EP 93 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JG UT WOS:000235830800016 PM 15724861 ER PT J AU Zerrouki, C Pendrill, LR Bennett, JM Haidar, Y de Fornel, F Pinot, P AF Zerrouki, C. Pendrill, L. R. Bennett, J. M. Haidar, Y. de Fornel, F. Pinot, P. BE Wilkening, G Koenders, L TI Investigation of the Surface Roughness Measurement of Mass Standards SO NANOSCALE CALIBRATION STANDARDS AND METHODS: DIMENSIONAL AND RELATED MEASUREMENTS IN THE MICRO- AND NANOMETER RANGE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GAUGE BLOCKS; MICROSCOPE; SCATTERING; FORCE; LIGHT AB The surface roughness of weights in the nanometer and micrometer range is an important surface quality factor that can affect the stability of these mass standards. The mass metrologist is faced with a choice between a wide variety of methods of measuring surface roughness. To aid the mass metrologist in this choice, a number of different laboratories participated in a EUROMET Mass Project 551 to investigate the applicability of five techniques in measuring the surface roughness of four "typical" mass standards ranging from 50 g to 2 kg. Most methods were noncontact, of particular interest for mass metrology, including the optical angle resolved scattering, total integrated scattering, and near field scanning optical microscopy, complemented by mechanical profilometry. Results obtained from these techniques yielded different roughness values because of the different vertical and lateral resolutions and surface spatial frequency bandwidth limits. Also, defects on the surfaces of some weights were associated with particular surface spatial frequencies. This review may be useful as a basis for future studies relevant to mass metrology, such as: the ranges of surface spatial frequencies that have a primary effect on mass stability; assessing the effectiveness of cleaning methods, by comparing roughness measurements made before and after cleaning; and improving the manufacturing process by measuring surface roughness for each polishing step. C1 [Zerrouki, C.; Pinot, P.] BNM INM Cnam, F-292 Paris, France. [Pendrill, L. R.] Swedish Natl Testing & Res Inst, Boras, Sweden. [Bennett, J. M.] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA USA. [Haidar, Y.; de Fornel, F.] Equipe Opt Champ Proche LPUB, Dijon, France. RP Zerrouki, C (reprint author), BNM INM Cnam, F-292 Paris, France. EM Zerrouki@cnam.fr NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-3-527-60666-5 PY 2005 BP 424 EP 433 DI 10.1002/3527606661.ch32 D2 10.1002/3527606661 PG 10 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BYE59 UT WOS:000298233300032 ER PT B AU Nix, AC Diller, TE AF Nix, A. C. Diller, T. E. GP ASME TI Experiments on the physical mechanism of heat transfer augmentation by freestream turbulence at a cylinder stagnation point SO Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2005, Vol 3 Pts A and B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 50th ASME Turbo-Expo CY JUN 06-09, 2005 CL Reno, NV SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers ID FREE-STREAM-TURBULENCE; LENGTH SCALE; VANE AB Detailed time records of velocity and heat flux were measured near the stagnation point of a cylinder in low-speed air flow. The freestream turbulence was controlled using five different grids positioned to match the characteristics from previous heat flux experiments at NASA Glenn using the same wind tunnel. A hot wire was used to measure the cross-flow velocity at a range of positions in front of the stagnation point. This gave the average velocity and fluctuating component including the turbulence intensity and integral length scale. The heat flux was measured with a Heat Flux Microsensor located on the stagnation line underneath the hot-wire probe. This gave the average heat flux and the fluctuating component simultaneous with the velocity signal, including the heat flux turbulence intensity and the coherence with the velocity. The coherence between the signals allowed identification of the crucial positions for measurement of the integral length scale and turbulence intensity for prediction of the time average surface heat flux. The frequencies corresponded to the most energetic frequencies of the turbulence, indicating the importance of the penetration of the turbulent eddies from the freestream through the boundary layer to the surface. The distance from the surface was slightly less than the local value of length scale, indicating the crucial role of the turbulence in augmenting the heat flux. The resulting predictions of the analytical model matched well with the measured heat transfer augmentation. C1 Naval Air Syst Command Propuls & Power Engn, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Nix, AC (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command Propuls & Power Engn, 22195 Elmer Rd,Bldg 106, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RI Diller, Thomas/F-2398-2014 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 0-7918-4726-8 PY 2005 BP 593 EP 600 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA BFK77 UT WOS:000242531300053 ER PT J AU Parr, TP Hanson-Parr, DM Smooke, MD Yetter, RA AF Parr, TP Hanson-Parr, DM Smooke, MD Yetter, RA TI AP/(N-2+C2H2+C2H4) gaseous fuel diffusion flame studies SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th International Symposium on Combustion CY JUL 25-30, 2004 CL Univ Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL SP Combust Inst HO Univ Illinois Chicago DE ammonium perchlorate; diffusion flames; counterflow; flames; modeling ID PLUS OCLO REACTION; AB-INITIO; CLOX REACTIONS; KINETICS; MECHANISM; SOOT; DECOMPOSITION; RADICALS AB Counterflow diffusion flame experiments and modeling results are presented for a fuel mixture consisting of N, C H, and C2H4 flowing against decomposition products from a solid AP pellet. The flame zone simulates the diffusion flame structure that is expected to exist between reaction products from AP crystals and a hydrocarbon binder. Quantitative species and temperature profiles have been measured for one strain rate, given by a separation of 5 mm, between the fuel exit and the AP surface. Species measured include C2H2, CH4, N-2, CN, NH, OH, CH, C-2, NO, NO2, O-2, CO2, H-2, CO, HCl, H2O, and soot volume fraction. Temperature was measured using a combination of a thermocouple at the fuel exit and other selected locations, spontaneous Raman scattering measurements throughout the flame, NO vibrational populations, and OH rotational population distributions. The burning rate of the AP was also measured for this flame's strain rate. The measured eighteen scalars are compared with predictions from a detailed gas-phase kinetics model consisting of 105 species and 660 reactions. Model predictions are found to be in good agreement with experiment and illustrate the type of kinetic features that may be expected to occur in propellants when AP particles burn with the decomposition products of a polymeric binder. (c) 2004 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Mech Engn, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Smooke, MD (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Mech Engn, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM Timothy.Parr@navy.mil; Donna.Hanson-Parr@navy.mil; mitchell.smooke@yale.edu; rayetter@psu.edu NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2005 VL 30 BP 2113 EP 2121 DI 10.1016/j.proci.2004.08.108 PN 2 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 937RX UT WOS:000229944300047 ER PT B AU Halterman, K Baring, TJ AF Halterman, K Baring, TJ GP IEEE Comp Soc TI Analysis of the electromagnetic characteristics of nanowires using ScaLAPACK on high performance computers SO Proceedings of the HPCMP, Users Group Conference 2005 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference on High Performance Computing Modernization Program CY JUN 27, 2005-JUN 30, 2006 CL Nashville, TN SP DoD Sci & Technol Comm, User Advocacy Grp, HPCMPO Outreach Team, US Dept Defense, UGC C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Phys & Computat Sci Res & Engn Sci Dept, China Lake, CA USA. RP Halterman, K (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Phys & Computat Sci Res & Engn Sci Dept, China Lake, CA USA. RI Halterman, Klaus/G-3826-2012 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-2496-6 PY 2005 BP 36 EP 40 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Computer Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BEA11 UT WOS:000236397600006 ER PT J AU Carr, W Yanagi, MA Salamat, JS Drummond, SA AF Carr, W Yanagi, MA Salamat, JS Drummond, SA TI PVT during MRI SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 19th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 18-23, 2005 CL Denver, CO SP Associated Profess Sleep Soc C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN, Med Educ & Training Compound, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. Vet Affairs San Diego Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2005 VL 28 SU S MA 0964 BP A326 EP A326 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 923JL UT WOS:000228906101471 ER PT J AU Marchand, V Carr, W Phillips, BD Yanagi, MA Scholosser, AM Wong, RT Wetherell, LA Sausen, KP Drummond, SP AF Marchand, V Carr, W Phillips, BD Yanagi, MA Scholosser, AM Wong, RT Wetherell, LA Sausen, KP Drummond, SP TI Stronger REM and SWS recovery after sleep deprivation in long vs. short sleepers SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 19th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 18-23, 2005 CL Denver, CO SP Associated Profess Sleep Soc C1 Vet Affairs San Diego Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, San Diego, CA USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN, Med Educ & Training Command, Washington, DC 20350 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2005 VL 28 SU S MA 442 BP A150 EP A150 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 923JL UT WOS:000228906100444 ER PT J AU Yanagi, MA Sausen, KP Marchand, V Carr, W Paulus, MP Resovsky, K Drummond, SP AF Yanagi, MA Sausen, KP Marchand, V Carr, W Paulus, MP Resovsky, K Drummond, SP TI Prediction of inhibition performance during total sleep deprivation using stroop SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 19th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 18-23, 2005 CL Denver, CO SP Associated Profess Sleep Soc C1 Vet Affairs San Diego Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, San Diego, CA USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN, Med Educ & Training Command, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2005 VL 28 SU S MA 433 BP A146 EP A147 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 923JL UT WOS:000228906100435 ER PT J AU Davis, MC AF Davis, MC TI Convenient preparation of diethyl (2-thienyl)methanephosphonate SO SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Arbuzov; chlorination; phosphite AB This article describes a convenient preparation of diethyl (2-thienyl)methanephosphonate in 88% overall yield. C1 USN, Chem & Mat Div, Michelson Lab, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Davis, MC (reprint author), USN, Chem & Mat Div, Michelson Lab, Air Warfare Ctr, Code 498220D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM matthew.davis@navy.mil NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0039-7911 J9 SYNTHETIC COMMUN JI Synth. Commun. PY 2005 VL 35 IS 15 BP 2079 EP 2083 DI 10.1081/SCC-200066689 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 952FI UT WOS:000230989000011 ER PT J AU Holm, ER Orihuela, B Rittschof, D AF Holm, ER Orihuela, B Rittschof, D TI Genetic variation in adhesive tenacity and adhesive plaque characteristics in the barnacle Balanus amphitrite SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 04-08, 2005 CL San Diego, CA SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Indian Head, MD USA. Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Durham, NC 27706 USA. EM HolmER@nswccd.navy.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 44 IS 6 BP 570 EP 570 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 893LU UT WOS:000226721400240 ER PT J AU Smith, TC Smith, B Corbeil, TE Ryan, MAK Riddle, JR AF Smith, TC Smith, B Corbeil, TE Ryan, MAK Riddle, JR TI Impact of terrorism on caffeine and tobacco use - Response SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID MILITARY PERSONNEL C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Smith, TC (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1194 EP + DI 10.1097/01.jom.0000147206.19647.a8 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 881LR UT WOS:000225869500004 ER PT J AU Claborn, DM AF Claborn, DM TI Environmental mimics of chemical warfare agents SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL WARFARE; OUTBREAK; DERMATITIS; DISEASE; HEALTH AB There are several natural and artificial factors that mimic the effects of chemical warfare agents, thereby causing unwarranted alarm and confusion on the battlefield. Symptoms associated with chemical warfare include paralysis, muscle tremors, heavy salivation, severe bums, blistering, and corrosive skin injuries among others. Similar symptoms can be produced from a variety of environmental sources, artificial and natural. This article reviews several published and unpublished examples of environmental factors that produce syndromes similar to those caused by these agents. Examples of such mimics include pesticides, blistering exudates from insects and plants, various types of bites, and naturally occurring diseases. The potential for confusion caused by these factors is discussed and means of discriminating between warfare agents and naturally occurring events are identified. Recommendations for the use of this information and for needed research are also discussed. C1 USN, Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. RP Claborn, DM (reprint author), USN, Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, Naval Air Stn, Box 43, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 2004 VL 169 IS 12 BP 958 EP 961 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JE UT WOS:000235830600005 PM 15646185 ER PT J AU Pickhardt, PJ Nugent, PA Choi, JR Schindler, WR AF Pickhardt, PJ Nugent, PA Choi, JR Schindler, WR TI Flat colorectal lesions in asymptomatic adults: Implications for screening with CT virtual colonoscopy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 104th Annual Meeting of the American-Roentgen-Ray-Society CY MAY 02-07, 2004 CL Miami Beach, FL SP Amer Roentgen Ray Soc ID UNRESECTED POLYPS; COLONOGRAPHY; ADENOMAS; COLON; NEOPLASMS; FEATURES; GROWTH; SIZE; TIME AB OBJECTIVE. The clinical significance of flat lesions in colorectal cancer screening remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency, histology, and virtual colonoscopy detection of flat lesions in an asymptomatic screening population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. The morphology of all detected polyps was prospectively recorded as flat or polypoid (sessile or pedunculated) in 1,233 consecutive asymptomatic adults who underwent same-day virtual colonoscopy and optical colonoscopy. A flat morphology was defined as a shallow plaquelike broad-based lesion with a height of less than one half of its width. RESULTS. Of 344 polyps of 6 mm or greater confirmed at optical colonoscopy, 17 (4.9%) were labeled as flat at both virtual colonoscopy and optical colonoscopy; 17 (4.9%), at optical colonoscopy only; and 25 (7.3%), at virtual colonoscopy only, yielding 59 total lesions in 52 (4.2%) of 1,233 patients. Twenty-nine (49.2%) of 59 flat lesions were adenomatous, of which four measured 10 mm or greater and one 6- to 9-mm lesion was histologically advanced. None of the 148 diminutive flat lesions (less than or equal to 5 mm) detected at optical colonoscopy was histologically advanced. Virtual colonoscopy prospectively detected 24 (82.8%) of 29 flat adenomas and 47 (80.0%) of all 59 flat lesions 6 mm or greater. In comparison, the sensitivity of virtual colonoscopy for the detection of polypoid adenomas and all polypoid lesions of 6 mm or greater was 86.2% (156/181, p = 0.58) and 81.0% (231/285, p = 0.86), respectively. CONCLUSION. Flat adenomas measuring 6 mm or greater are uncommon in a typical Western screening population, and advanced flat neoplasms are rare. The sensitivity of virtual colonoscopy for detecting flat lesions was similar to that of polypoid lesions. These results indicate that flat lesions are not a significant drawback for virtual colonoscopy screening. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Gastroenterol, San Diego, CA USA. RP Pickhardt, PJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, 600 Highland Ave,E3-311 Clin Sci Ctr, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 24 TC 99 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 183 IS 5 BP 1343 EP 1347 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 865EQ UT WOS:000224685700027 PM 15505301 ER PT J AU Gorham, ED Garland, CF Garland, FC Kaiser, K Travis, WD Centeno, JA AF Gorham, ED Garland, CF Garland, FC Kaiser, K Travis, WD Centeno, JA TI Trends and occupational associations in incidence of hospitalized pulmonary sarcoidosis and other lung diseases in navy personnel - A 27-year Historical Prospective Study, 1975-2001 SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; military populations; occupation; occurrence; sarcoidosis ID UNITED-STATES-NAVY; RISK-FACTORS; US-NAVY; ENLISTED PERSONNEL; MARINE CORPS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EXPOSURE; ACCESS; EXPERIENCE; DEFINITION AB Study objectives: This study examines long-term trends in incidence rates of hospitalized pulmonary sarcoidosis in a large cohort of Navy personnel, and evaluates the possible relationship of sarcoidosis with occupation. Design: Incidence rates of first hospitalizations were determined. for black and white male Navy enlisted personnel on active duty from 1975 to 2001. Setting: Navy service includes a potential for exposure to a variety of substances, including nonskid coatings used on ship decks that may be aerosolized during removal. Particulate matter containing aluminum, titanium, and silicates has been identified in nonskid samples. Specific occupational groups may have had greater exposure potential than others. Patients or participants: Hospitalized cases included sarcoidosis (n = 674), asthma (n = 3,536), emphysema and chronic bronchitis (n = 1,103), respiratory conditions due to fumes and vapors (n = 6 1), and pneumoconiosis (n = 5 1) observed in 9,953,607 person-years of active-duty service. Interventions: None. However, improvements were made in personal protective gear and other countermeasures to prevent or limit respiratory exposures during service. Measurements and results: Annual overall hospitalized sarcoidosis incidence rates per 100,000 were 24.9 for black men and 3.5 for white men (black/white ratio of 7.1, p < 0.0001). Annual incidence rates in blacks declined markedly, particularly since 1989, but the black/white ratio remained high through 1999. Occupational associations were present in blacks and whites. Black ship's servicemen (23 cases) and aviation structural mechanics specializing in structures (12 cases) bad more than twice the expected incidence rate compared to all blacks, and white mess management specialists (15 cases) had twice the overall white incidence bate. Conclusions: There was a steep decline in incidence of hospitalized sarcoidosis in blacks in the Navy. Occupational associations suggest the possibility that a dust or moisture-related lung disease may have been erroneously classified as sarcoidosis, or, alternatively, that sarcoidosis had a previously unrecognized occupational component. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Geocenters Inc, Clinton, MD USA. USAF, Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20330 USA. RP Gorham, ED (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM gorham@nhrc.navy.mil NR 62 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD NOV PY 2004 VL 126 IS 5 BP 1431 EP 1438 DI 10.1378/chest.126.5.1431 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 872NU UT WOS:000225214700013 PM 15539709 ER PT J AU Allen, OE Wasylkiwskyj, W AF Allen, OE Wasylkiwskyj, W TI Antenna pattern synthesis in operational environments with electromagnetic compatibility-based constraints SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY LA English DT Article DE antenna array; electromagnetic compatibility; method of moments (MoM); on-board antennas; pattern synthesis ID ARRAY ANTENNAS; OPTIMIZATION; SCATTERERS AB A general linear least squares synthesis technique for antenna arrays is presented that takes account of mutual coupling among array elements and interactions with array's physical surroundings. The technique can be applied to optimize the radiation pattern of arbitrary arrays in their operational environment while simultaneously addressing electromagnetic compatibility based constraints. Examples employing the wire and plate-dielectric (WIPL-D) numerical code are presented to illustrate the approach. Use of this technique with experimental data has also been performed and will be reported in future paper. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. George Washington Univ, Engn & Appl Sci Dept, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Allen, OE (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM oliver.allen@navy.mil NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9375 J9 IEEE T ELECTROMAGN C JI IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 46 IS 4 BP 668 EP 674 DI 10.1109/TEMC.2004.837955 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 874PZ UT WOS:000225363600019 ER PT J AU Ryoo, HC Sun, HH Shender, BS Hrebien, L AF Ryoo, HC Sun, HH Shender, BS Hrebien, L TI Consciousness monitoring using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during high plus Gz exposures SO MEDICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE oxygen saturation; acceleration stress; near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS); +Gz-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) ID CEREBRAL-BLOOD-FLOW; OXYGEN SUFFICIENCY; G-LOC; METABOLISM; ISCHEMIA; DYNAMICS; MODEL AB The relationship between human consciousness and oxygen saturation (rSO(2)) in cerebral tissue under high +Gz stress was non-invasively monitored by near-infrared multiple wavelength spectroscopy (NIRS). We studied the drop in rSO(2) levels in human subjects during exposure to various head-to-foot acceleration (+Gz) profiles. These profiles included sustained +Gz plateaus and repeated short duration +Gz pulses of varying duration. The end point in this study was +Gz-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC). The rSO(2) levels under normal (asymptomatic), almost loss of consciousness (A-LOC) and G-LOC conditions were recorded. Correlations among decrease in rSO(2), +Gz Pulse duration, +Gz stress level and incapacitation time (ICAP) after G-LOC were also investigated. It was found that once rSO fell to a certain level, G-LOC occurred. This threshold was repeatable and independent of the +Gz level or duration. It was also observed that the total ICAP after G-LOC was dependent on the length of time that 60, remained below the G-LOC threshold level, i.e. the longer the rSO(2), level remained below the G-LOC induction level, the longer the subject remained unconscious. These results may prove to be useful in designing closed loop control systems for personal protective gear for pilots of high performance aircraft, (C) 2004 IPENI. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Drexel Univ, Sch Biomed Engn Sci & Hlth Syst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Naval Air Syst Command, Human Syst Dept, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Ryoo, HC (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Sch Biomed Engn Sci & Hlth Syst, 32nd Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM hanryoo@drexel.edu NR 32 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1350-4533 J9 MED ENG PHYS JI Med. Eng. Phys. PD NOV PY 2004 VL 26 IS 9 BP 745 EP 753 DI 10.1016/j.medengphy.2004.07.003 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 879WJ UT WOS:000225749600006 PM 15564111 ER PT J AU Wong, V Bennink, RS Marino, AM Boyd, RW Stroud, CR Narducci, FA AF Wong, V Bennink, RS Marino, AM Boyd, RW Stroud, CR Narducci, FA TI Influence of coherent Raman scattering on coherent population trapping in atomic sodium vapor SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; INDUCED ABSORPTION; RB VAPOR; RESONANCES; SPECTROSCOPY; VELOCITY; FIELDS; GAS AB We study how coherent Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman scattering influence coherent population trapping. In an experiment using an atomic sodium vapor cell we observe induced transparency, induced absorption, and gain features, all of subnatural linewidth. The electromagnetically induced resonance is a peak or a dip depending on which side of the optical transition the fields are tuned to, and thus whether coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering or coherent Stokes Raman scattering is the dominant process. C1 Univ Rochester, Inst Opt, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Naval Air Syst Command, EO Sensors Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Wong, V (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Inst Opt, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. EM vin@optics.rochester.edu RI Marino, Alberto/C-7193-2013 NR 34 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 AR 053811 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.053811 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 876EM UT WOS:000225479000137 ER PT J AU Crum, NF Barrozo, CP Chapman, FA Ryan, MAK Russell, KL AF Crum, NF Barrozo, CP Chapman, FA Ryan, MAK Russell, KL TI An outbreak of conjunctivitis due to a novel unencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae among military trainees SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GENETIC RELATEDNESS; ORAL AZITHROMYCIN; INVASIVE DISEASE; PHASE VARIATION; HIGH-RISK; INFECTIONS; POLYSACCHARIDE; TELITHROMYCIN; COLONIZATION; PROPHYLAXIS AB Background. Bacterial conjunctivitis usually occurs as sporadic cases; outbreaks are uncommon and usually are associated with school campuses. We report an outbreak of Streptococcus pneumoniae conjunctivitis at a military training facility. Methods. An outbreak investigation was done. Each case of conjunctivitis was evaluated with an assessment tool including demographic and clinical data. Conjunctival swabs were obtained. Pneumococci underwent standard testing, including serotyping with the Quellung reaction, capsular staining, and multilocus sequence typing. Sequence types were compared with previous reported outbreak strains by construction of dendrograms. Carriage rates of S. pneumoniae were determined among previously undiagnosed case patients with conjunctivitis, and a case-control study was performed. Control measures included education to increase hand washing, distribution of alcohol-based hand gel, and prompt treatment of patients with conjunctivitis. Results. During a 6-week period, 92 cases of conjunctivitis occurred among 3500 persons, with an attack rate of 1.75 cases per 100 person-months. Eighty cases (87%) were due to S. pneumoniae; 45 (49%) were confirmed, and 35 (38%) were probable. Ten percent of recruits surveyed carried the outbreak strain. Twenty-two percent self-reported symptoms consistent with conjunctivitis during the outbreak period; sharing washcloths was associated with conjunctivitis (odds ratio, 11.7; P = .03). The causative organism was resistant to azithromycin but susceptible to telithromycin. The outbreak strain was an unencapsulated S. pneumoniae that has not been previously described; it was most closely related to the sequence type causing the Dartmouth College ( Hanover, NH) outbreak of conjunctivitis in 2002. Conclusions. We report a conjunctivitis outbreak among military trainees caused by a novel, unencapsulated strain of S. pneumoniae. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. USN, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Crum, NF (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM nfcrum@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 33 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 15 PY 2004 VL 39 IS 8 BP 1148 EP 1154 DI 10.1086/424522 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 904JF UT WOS:000227491700008 PM 15486838 ER PT J AU Ku, CC Zerboni, L Ito, H Graham, BS Wallace, M Arvin, AM AF Ku, CC Zerboni, L Ito, H Graham, BS Wallace, M Arvin, AM TI Varicella-zoster virus transfer to skin by T cells and modulation of viral replication by epidermal cell interferon-alpha SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE T cell immune surveillance; viral pathogenesis; inflammation; immune evasion; interferon-alpha ID HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; HUMAN CD4(+); ACTIVATION; LYMPHOCYTES; INDUCTION; INTERLEUKIN-1-ALPHA; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTION; PROTEINS; TROPISM AB Primary infection with varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes the characteristic syndrome of varicella, or chickenpox. Experiments in severe combined immunodeficiency mice with human skin grafts (SCIDhu mice) indicate that VZV infection of T cells can mediate transfer of infectious virus to skin. VZV-infected T cells reached epithelial sites of replication within 24 h after entering the circulation. Memory CD4(+) T cells were the predominant population recovered from skin in SCIDhu mice given uninfected or irdected mononuclear cells, suggesting that immune surveillance by memory T cells may facilitate VZV transfer. The increased susceptibility of memory T cells to VZV infection may further enhance their role in VZV pathogenesis. During VZV skin infection, viral gene products down-regulated interferon-alpha to permit focal replication, whereas adjacent epidermal cells mounted a potent interferon-alpha response against cell-cell spread. Interleukin-1alpha, although activated in VZV-infected cells, did not trigger expression of endothelial adhesion molecules, thereby avoiding early recruitment of inflammatory cells. The prolonged varicella incubation period appears to represent the time required for VZV to overcome antiviral responses of epidermal cells and generate vesicles it the skin surface. Modulation of VZV replication by cutaneous innate immunity may avoid an incapacitating infection of the host that would limit opportunities for VZV transmission. C1 Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Ku, CC (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 300 Pasteur Dr,S356, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM cck@stanford.edu OI KU, CHIA-CHI/0000-0002-5740-1505 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA49605, P01 CA049605]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI20459, R01 AI020459] NR 27 TC 103 Z9 109 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD OCT 4 PY 2004 VL 200 IS 7 BP 917 EP 925 DI 10.1084/jem.20040634 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 860YN UT WOS:000224380700009 PM 15452178 ER PT J AU Elson, JM Halterman, K AF Elson, JM Halterman, K TI Local density of states analysis of surface wave modes on truncated photonic crystal surfaces with nonlinear material SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID POSSESSING KERR NONLINEARITY; BAND-STRUCTURE CALCULATION; GAP AB The local density of states and response to an incident plane wave of a finite sized photonic crystal (PC) with nonlinear material (NLM) is analyzed. Of particular interest is the excitation of surface wave modes at the truncated surface of the PC, which is collocated with the NLM material. We compute the 2D Green function of the PC with linear material and then include the Kerr NLM in a self-consistent manner. The 2D PC consists of a square array of circular rods where one row of the rods is semi-circular in order to move the surface wave defect mode frequency into the band gap. Since the surface modes are resonant at the interface, the NLM should experience at least an order of magnitude increase in field intensity. This is a possible means of increasing the efficiency of the PC as a frequency conversion device. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Res Dept, Signal & Sensor Sci Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Elson, JM (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Res Dept, Signal & Sensor Sci Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM john.elson@navy.mil RI Halterman, Klaus/G-3826-2012; OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134 NR 22 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD OCT 4 PY 2004 VL 12 IS 20 BP 4855 EP 4863 DI 10.1364/OPEX.12.004855 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 859HL UT WOS:000224253900022 PM 19484039 ER PT J AU Arness, MK Eckart, RE Love, SS Atwood, JE Wells, TS Engler, RJM Collins, LC Ludwig, SL Riddle, JR Grabenstein, JD Tornberg, DN AF Arness, MK Eckart, RE Love, SS Atwood, JE Wells, TS Engler, RJM Collins, LC Ludwig, SL Riddle, JR Grabenstein, JD Tornberg, DN CA Dept Def Smallpox Vaccination Clin TI Myopericarditis following smallpox vaccination SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE military personnel; myocarditis; pericarditis; smallpox; vaccination; vaccinia virus ID ACUTE INFECTIOUS MYOCARDITIS; UNITED STATES 1963; COMPLICATIONS; PERICARDITIS; SURVEILLANCE; EXPERIENCE AB Myopericarditis has been a rare or unrecognized event after smallpox vaccinations with the New York City Board of Health strain of vaccinia virus (Dryvax; Wyeth Laboratories, Marietta, Pennsylvania). In this article, the authors report an attributable incidence of at least 140 clinical cases of myopericarditis per million primary smallpox vaccinations with this strain of vaccinia virus. Fifty-eight males and one female aged 21-43 years with confirmed or probable acute myopericarditis were detected following vaccination of 492,730 US Armed Forces personnel from December 15, 2002, through September 30, 2003. The cases were identified through sentinel reporting to military headquarters, active surveillance using the Defense Medical Surveillance System, or reports to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System. The observed incidence (16.11/100,000) of myopericarditis over a 30-day observation window among 347,516 primary vaccinees was nearly 7.5-fold higher than the expected rate of 2.16/100,000 (95% confidence interval: 1.90, 2.34) among nonvaccinated, active-duty military personnel, while the incidence of 2.07/100,000 among 145,155 revaccinees was not statistically different from the expected background rate. The cases were predominantly male (58/59; 98.3%) and White (51/59; 86.4%), both statistically significant associations (p = 0.0147 and p = 0.05, respectively). C1 USAF, Res Labs, HEP, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Army Med Surveillance Act, Washington, DC USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Reg Vaccine Healthcare Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Vaccine Healthcare Ctr Network, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. US Coast Guard Hlth & Safety Directorate, Washington, DC USA. USA, Mil Vaccine Agcy, Med Command, Falls Church, VA USA. Off Assistant Secretary Def Hlth Affairs, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Riddle, JR (reprint author), USAF, Res Labs, HEP, 2729 R St,Bldg 837, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM James.Riddle@wpafb.af.mil NR 44 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 160 IS 7 BP 642 EP 651 DI 10.1093/aje/kwh269 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 856ZB UT WOS:000224083700005 PM 15383408 ER PT J AU Stafford, CM Storlie, EJ Deaton, TG Mahon, RT Bradshaw, DA AF Stafford, CM Storlie, EJ Deaton, TG Mahon, RT Bradshaw, DA TI A decrease in the maximum concentration of methacholine administered during bronchoprovocation testing does not improve short-term military retention in a united states marine corps recruit population SO CHEST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT CHEST 2004 Conference CY OCT 23-28, 2004 CL Seattle, WA C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP 705S EP 705S PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 865VF UT WOS:000224731400004 ER PT J AU Hall, RM Woodson, SH Chambers, JR AF Hall, RM Woodson, SH Chambers, JR TI Overview of the abrupt wing stall program SO PROGRESS IN AEROSPACE SCIENCES LA English DT Review AB The abrupt wing stall (AWS) program was a 5-year program that addressed the problem of uncommanded, transonic lateral motions, such as wing drop, with experimental, computational, and simulation tools. A brief background is presented as are the motivations and objectives for the AWS program. Since the wing drop discovered in preproduction flight testing for the F/A-18E/F program was the immediate impetus for the AMS project, and since extensive flight data had been gathered, the preproduction F/A-18E configuration was utilized to examine the ability of current computational and wind-tunnel tools to predict such phenomena prior to flight. The scope included both steady and unsteady flow field studies for transonic flight conditions. The AMS program also adapted and assessed a free-to-roll (FTR) wind-tunnel testing technique traditionally used for low-speed studies of lateral dynamic stability for the transonic flow regime. This transonic FTR capability was demonstrated first in a proof-of-concept study and then applied to an investigation of four different aircraft configurations-two that were susceptible to wing drop, the preproduction F/A-18E and the AV-8B, and two that were not, the F/A-18C and the F-16C. Design insights have also been obtained from computational studies of these four aircraft configurations and from computations quantifying the impact of the various geometric wing differences between the F/A-18C and the F/A-18E. Finally, guidance is provided for assessing, in the simulator, the relative impact of experimentally determined lateral aerodynamic data on flight characteristics before going to flight test. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. Ball Aerosp Syst Div, Fairborn, OH 45324 USA. RP Hall, RM (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Mail Stop 499, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. EM robert.m.hall@nasa.gov NR 34 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0376-0421 J9 PROG AEROSP SCI JI Prog. Aeosp. Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 40 IS 7 BP 417 EP 452 DI 10.1016/j.paerosci.2004.10.002 PG 36 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 900GS UT WOS:000227204000001 ER PT J AU McCurley, JM Hanlon, SU Wei, SK Wedam, EF Michalski, M Haigney, MC AF McCurley, JM Hanlon, SU Wei, SK Wedam, EF Michalski, M Haigney, MC TI Furosemide and the progression of left ventricular dysfunction in experimental heart failure SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM; BETA-ADRENERGIC RESPONSIVENESS; KINASE-A HYPERPHOSPHORYLATION; RYANODINE RECEPTOR; NA+-CA2+ EXCHANGER; DISEASE; SOLVD; SPIRONOLACTONE; PERFORMANCE; MANAGEMENT AB OBJECTIVES We tested the hypothesis that furosemide accelerates the progression of left ventricular systolic dysfunction in a tachycardia-induced porcine model of heart failure. BACKGROUND Furosemide activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). Such activation may contribute to CHF progression, but prospective data are lacking. METHODS Thirty-two Yorkshire pigs were randomized to furosemide (1 mg/kg intramuscularly daily, mean 16.1 +/- 0.9 mg) or placebo. Thereafter, a pacing model of heart failure was utilized to produce systolic dysfunction in both sets of animals (fractional shortening <0.16 by echocardiogram). The goal was to determine if furosemide would accelerate the progression of left ventricular dysfunction in the "treated" group. After sacrifice, sodium-calcium exchanger currents and their responsiveness to isoproterenol were measured during voltage clamp. All investigators were blinded to treatment assignment. RESULTS Furosemide shortened the time to left ventricular dysfunction (35.1 +/- 5.1 days in placebo versus 21.4 +/- 3.2 days for furosemide animals; p = 0.038, log-rank test). By day 14, aldosterone levels were significantly higher in furosemide animals (43.0 +/- 11.8 ng/dl vs. 17.6 +/- 4.5 ng/dl; p < 0.05). Serum sodium was reduced (133.0 +/- 0.9 mmol/l furosemide vs. 135.7 0.8 mmol/l placebo; p < 0.05), but no difference in norepinephrine, potassium, magnesium, creatinine, or urea nitrogen was present. Basal sodium-calcium exchanger currents were significantly increased and isoproterenol responsiveness depressed by furosemide. CONCLUSIONS Tachycardic pigs given furosemide had significant acceleration of both contractile and metabolic features of CHF, including left ventricular systolic dysfunction, elevated serum aldosterone levels, and altered calcium handling in a controlled experimental model of heart failure. (C) 2004 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Cardiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Cardiol, Bethesda, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Cardiol, San Diego, CA USA. RP Haigney, MC (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Cardiol, Room A3060,4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM mhaigney@usuhs.mil OI Wedam, Erich/0000-0003-3878-2100 NR 33 TC 79 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD SEP 15 PY 2004 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1301 EP 1307 DI 10.1016/j.jacc.2004.04.059 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 854XM UT WOS:000223937200024 PM 15364336 ER PT J AU Blondeel, PNV Murphy, JW Debrosse, D Nix, JC Puls, LE Theodore, N Coulthard, P AF Blondeel, PNV Murphy, JW Debrosse, D Nix, JC Puls, LE Theodore, N Coulthard, P TI Closure of long surgical incisions with a new formulation of 2-octylcyanoacrylate tissue adhesive versus commercially available methods SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article DE cyanoacrylates; medical devices; surgery; tissue adhesives; wound healing; wound infection ID PEDIATRIC FACIAL LACERATIONS; CLINICAL WOUND EVALUATION; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; REPAIR; OCTYLCYANOACRYLATE; SUTURE; PREVENTION; MANAGEMENT AB Background: Topical 2-octylcyanoacrylate tissue adhesive is an alternative to traditional devices for closing short surgical incisions. Methods: An open-label, randomized study compared a new high-viscosity formulation of 2-octylcyanoacrylate with commercially available devices, including low-viscosity 2-octylcyanoacrylate, for epidermal closure of incisions greater than or equal to4 cm requiring subcutaneous and/or deep-dermal suturing. Results: Of patients with I to 3 wounds, 106 were treated with high-viscosity 2-octylcyanoacrylate and 103 with commercially available devices. The day-10 rates of healing by wound were 96% and 97% for study versus control treatment and 97% and 95% for new and old 2-octylcyanoacrylate formulations versus other controls, respectively. Day-10 infection rates by wound were 4 of 145 versus 7 of 131 for study versus control treatment and 6 of 207 and 5 of 69 for new and old 2-octylcyanoacrylate versus other controls, respectively. Conclusions: The new tissue adhesive formulation provides epidermal wound closure equivalent to commercially available devices with a trend to decreased incidence of wound infection. (C) 2004 Excerpta Medica, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 State Univ Ghent Hosp, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Inst Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France. Crestwood Hosp, Huntsville, AL USA. Gynecol Oncol Res & Dev LLC, Greenville, SC USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Dent Hosp Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England. RP Blondeel, PNV (reprint author), State Univ Ghent Hosp, De Pintelaan 185,2K12C, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. EM phillip.blondeel@rug.ac.be OI Theodore, Nicholas/0000-0001-5355-2683 NR 28 TC 46 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 3 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 188 IS 3 BP 307 EP 313 DI 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2004.04.006 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 854RQ UT WOS:000223921400019 PM 15450839 ER PT J AU Wertelecki, W Hilliard, P Schoellhorn, J Mumaw, S Flood, TJ Varga, AK Mosley, BS Hobbs, CA Campodonica, MJ Shaw, GM Schonbeck, M Miller, LA Okafor, M Liu, CF Baker, J Voss, B Long-White, D Brooks, J Correia, JA Grimm, E O'Leary, LA Cragan, JD Hersh, DL Joshi, H Merz, RD Duke, RA Egler, T Shen, TF Meade, NB Romitti, PA McDowell, BD Stueve, JH Nelson, CS Robl, JM Fawbush, SG Pippins, LB Mulcahy, E Day, PY Panny, SR Baumgardner, RA Casey, L Higgins, C Copeland, G Simmons, L Falken, M Symonik, D McClure, J Terry, P Bakewell, JM Clack, S Becker, CM Wright, J Deyhle, GM Moeschler, JB Flanagan, VA Beres, LM Knapp, MM Nalder, S Murphy, T Cross, PK Druschel, C Meyer, RE Williams, J Bohn, T Schor, DP Starr, AE Pearson, KA Rosenberg, KD Horner, SB Staver, RF Correa, EM Valencia, D Viner-Brown, S Quaedvlieg, M Stevenson, RE Dean, JH Stein, Q Law, DJ Canfield, MA Langlois, P Feldkamp, ML MacLeod, LM Brozicevic, P Burley, J Williams, SK Ford, NC Peters, R Cummons, KG Baker, MA Oftedahl, E Helm-Quest, P Ailes, D Ryan, M Aran, R AF Wertelecki, W Hilliard, P Schoellhorn, J Mumaw, S Flood, TJ Varga, AK Mosley, BS Hobbs, CA Campodonica, MJ Shaw, GM Schonbeck, M Miller, LA Okafor, M Liu, CF Baker, J Voss, B Long-White, D Brooks, J Correia, JA Grimm, E O'Leary, LA Cragan, JD Hersh, DL Joshi, H Merz, RD Duke, RA Egler, T Shen, TF Meade, NB Romitti, PA McDowell, BD Stueve, JH Nelson, CS Robl, JM Fawbush, SG Pippins, LB Mulcahy, E Day, PY Panny, SR Baumgardner, RA Casey, L Higgins, C Copeland, G Simmons, L Falken, M Symonik, D McClure, J Terry, P Bakewell, JM Clack, S Becker, CM Wright, J Deyhle, GM Moeschler, JB Flanagan, VA Beres, LM Knapp, MM Nalder, S Murphy, T Cross, PK Druschel, C Meyer, RE Williams, J Bohn, T Schor, DP Starr, AE Pearson, KA Rosenberg, KD Horner, SB Staver, RF Correa, EM Valencia, D Viner-Brown, S Quaedvlieg, M Stevenson, RE Dean, JH Stein, Q Law, DJ Canfield, MA Langlois, P Feldkamp, ML MacLeod, LM Brozicevic, P Burley, J Williams, SK Ford, NC Peters, R Cummons, KG Baker, MA Oftedahl, E Helm-Quest, P Ailes, D Ryan, M Aran, R CA Ctr Dis Control Prevent TI State birth defects surveillance program directory SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Alabama Birth Defects Surveillance & Prevent Prog, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. MCH Epidemiol Unit, Epidemiol Sect, Anchorage, AK 99524 USA. Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, ABDMP, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. UAMS, Coll Med, Arkansas Ctr Birth Defects Res & Prevent, Little Rock, AR 72211 USA. Calif Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. CRCSN, Denver, CO 80246 USA. Colorado Responds Children Special Needs, Denver, CO 80246 USA. Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Family Hlth Div, Hartford, CT 06134 USA. DE Div Publ Hlth, Family Planning Program, Dover, DE 19903 USA. DC Dept Hlth Maternal & Family Hlth Adm, Data Collect & Anal Div, Washington, DC 20002 USA. DC Dept Hlth Maternal & Family Hlth Adm, Children Special Hlth Care Needs Div, Washington, DC 20002 USA. Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MACDP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. GA Div Publ Hlth, MCH Epidemiol Sect, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hawaii Birth Defects Program, Honolulu, HI 96817 USA. Bur Clin & Prevent Serv, Idaho Dept Hlth & Welf, Boise, ID 83720 USA. Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Springfield, IL 62761 USA. Indiana State Dept Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa Birth Defects Registry, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Kansas Dept Hlth & Environm, Childrens Dev Serv, Topeka, KS 66612 USA. Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Frankfort, KY 40621 USA. DHH, Off Publ Hlth, Childrens Special Hlth Serv, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Maine Bur Hlth, Genet Program, Augusta, ME 04333 USA. Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Off Genet & CSHCN, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Birth Defects Program, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02108 USA. Michigan Birth Defects Registry, Lansing, MI 48909 USA. Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI 48909 USA. Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. Mississippi Dept Hlth, Genet Program, Jackson, MS 39215 USA. Missouri Dept Hlth, Jefferson City, MO 65102 USA. DPHHS, FCHB, Helena, MT 59620 USA. Nebraska Hlth & Human Serv Syst, Lincoln, NE 68509 USA. Bur Family Hlth Serv, State Hlth Div, Carson City, NV 89706 USA. Nevada State Hlth Div, Carson City, NV 89706 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Genet & Child Dev, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Hitchcock Med Ctr, Reg Program Womens & Childrens Hlth, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA. New Jersey Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA. NM Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. New York Dept Hlth, Congenital Malformat Registry, Troy, NY 12180 USA. New York Dept Hlth, Ctr Environm Hlth, Troy, NY 12180 USA. N Carolina Ctr Hlth Stat, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA. Dept Human Serv, Childerns Special Hlth Serv Div ND, Bismarck, ND 58505 USA. Ohio Dept Hlth, Div Family & Community Hlth Serv, Columbus, OH 43216 USA. Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43215 USA. Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK 73117 USA. Oregon Hlth Dept, Portland, OR 97232 USA. Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. PR Dept Hlth, Puerto Rico Fol Acid Campaign, Birth Defects Surveillance Syst, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. Rhode Isl Dept Hlth, Providence, RI 02908 USA. Greenwood Genet Ctr, SC BD Surveillance & Prevent Program, Greenwood, SC 29646 USA. Sioux Valley Childrens Specialty Clin, Sioux Falls, SD 57117 USA. TN Dept Hlth, Tennessee Birth Defects Registry, PPA, Nashville, TN 37247 USA. Texas Birth Defects Monitoring Div, Austin, TX 78756 USA. Utah Birth Defects Network, Salt Lake City, UT 84114 USA. Vermont Dept Hlth, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. Virginia Dept Hlth, Pediat Screening & Genet Serv, Richmond, VA 23219 USA. Washington Dept Hlth, MCH Assessment, Olympia, WA 98504 USA. OMCFH, Charleston, WV 25301 USA. Dept Hlth & Family Serv, Div Publ Hlth, Madison, WI 53701 USA. WY Dept Hlth, Community & Family Hlth Div, Cheyenne, WY 82002 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, DoD Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, DoD Birth & Infant Hlth Registry, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Wertelecki, W (reprint author), Alabama Birth Defects Surveillance & Prevent Prog, CCCB Room 214,307 Univ Blvd, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. EM bdprevention@usouthal.edu; philliard@usouthal.edu; Janine_Schoelllhorn@health.state.ak.us; Sharilyn_Mumaw@health.state.ak.us; tflood@hs.state.az.us; avarga@hs.state.az.us; MosleyBridgetS@uams.edu; hobbscharlotte@uams.edu; mca@cbdmp.org; gsh@cbdmp.org; margaret.schonbeck@state.co.us; lisa.miller@state.co.us; martha.okafor@po.state.ct.us; chun-fu.liu@po.state.ct.us; JoAnnM.Baker@state.de.us; Betsy.Voss@state.de.us; dlong-white@dchealth.com; jbrooks@dchealth.com; Jane_Correia@doh.state.fl.us; Eric_Grimm@doh.state.fl.us; LOLeary@cdc.gov; JCragan@cdc.gov; dlhersh@dhr.state.ga.us; hjoshi@dhr.state.ga.us; hbdp@crch.hawaii.edu; duke@idhw.state.id.us; tegler@idph.state.il.us; tshen@idph.state.il.us; Nmeade@isdh.state.in.us; paul-romitti@uiowa.edu; bradley-mcdowell@uiowa.edu; jstueve@kdhe.state.ks.us; cnelson@kdhe.state.ks.us; joyce.robl@ky.gov; sandy.fawbush@ky.gov; lpippins@dhh.la.gov; eleanor.a.mulcahy@maine.gov; patricia.y.day@maine.gov; PannyS@dhmh.state.md.us; BaumgardnerR@dhmh.state.md.us; linda.casey@state.ma.us; cathleen.higgins@state.ma.us; CopelandG@state.mi.us; Simmonsl@state.mi.us; myron.falken@health.state.mn.us; daniel.symonik@health.state.mn.us; jmcclure@msdh.state.ms.us; pterry@msdh.state.ms.us; bakewj@dhss.state.mo.us; sclack@state.mt.us; carla.becker@hhss.state.ne.us; jwright@nvhd.state.nv.us; gdeyhle@nvhd.state.nv.us; john.moeschler@hitchcock.org; victoria.a.flanagan@hitchcock.org; Leslie.Beres-Sochka@doh.state.nj.us; mary.knapp@doh.state.nj.us; susann@doh.state.nm.us; tierneymurphy@doh.state.nm.us; pkc02@health.state.ny.us; cmd05@health.state.ny.us; robert.meyer@ncmail.net; jennifer.williams@ncmail.net; tbohn@state.nd.us; dschor@odh.ohio.gov; Astarr@odh.ohio.gov; kayp@health.state.ok.us; ken.d.rosenberg@state.or.us; shomer@state.pa.us; rstaver@state.pa.us; ecorrea@salud.gov.pr; dvalencia@salud.gov.pr; samv@doh.state.ri.us; MicheleQ@doh.state.ri.us; res@ggc.org; jane@ggc.org; qstein@usd.edu; david.law@state.tn.us; mark.canfield@tdh.state.tx.us; peter.langlois@tdh.state.tx.us; mfeldkamp@utah.gov; lmacleod@utah.gov; pbrozic@vdh.state.vt.us; jburley@vdh.state.vt.us; Sharonk.Williams@vdh.virginia.gov; nancy.ford@vdh.virginia.gov; riley.peters@doh.wa.gov; kathycummons@wvdhhr.org; melissabaker@wvdhhr.org; OftedEJ@dhfs.state.wi.us; helmqp@dhfs.state.wi.us; dailes@state.wy.us; ryan@nhrc.navy.mil; aran@nhrc.navy.mil NR 0 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1542-0752 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 70 IS 9 BP 609 EP 676 DI 10.1002/bdra.20071 PG 68 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 855BG UT WOS:000223947300011 ER PT J AU Campbell, KM Vaughn, AF Russell, KL Smith, B Jimenez, DL Barrozo, CP Minarcik, JR Crum, NF Ryan, MAK AF Campbell, KM Vaughn, AF Russell, KL Smith, B Jimenez, DL Barrozo, CP Minarcik, JR Crum, NF Ryan, MAK TI Risk factors for community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in an outbreak of disease among military trainees in San Diego, California, in 2002 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PANTON-VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN; CHILDREN; EMERGENCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; PATHOGEN; INCREASE; ADULTS AB An outbreak of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) skin infections was observed in a population of U.S. military trainees in the summer of 2002. A questionnaire was developed and administered to 206 trainees, 22 of whom had MRSA infections. Factors associated with infection were described by multivariable logistic regression modeling and included having a roommate in training with a prior skin infection (odds ratio [OR] = 3.44) or having a family member or friend who worked in a health care setting (OR = 2.79). Previous antibiotic use, hospitalization, or health problems were not associated with MRSA infection. This outbreak of MRSA skin infections in an otherwise-healthy, well-defined, military population provided an opportunity to describe risk factors for CA-MRSA which may help focus prevention efforts in this and other communities. C1 US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Navy Environm & Prevent Med Unit 5, San Diego, CA USA. USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Russell, KL (reprint author), US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM Russell@nhrc.navy.mil NR 31 TC 106 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 42 IS 9 BP 4050 EP 4053 DI 10.1128/JCM.42.9.4050-4053.2004 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 854KQ UT WOS:000223902000021 PM 15364988 ER PT J AU Nee, SMF Nee, TW AF Nee, SMF Nee, TW TI Polarization of transmission scattering simulated by using a multiple-facets model SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID PRINCIPAL MUELLER MATRIX; ROUGH-SURFACE; LIGHT-SCATTERING; SPECULAR REFLECTION; NULL ELLIPSOMETRY; ERROR ANALYSIS; DEPOLARIZATION; ELEMENTS AB A Mueller matrix for scattering by a rough plane surface of a glass hemisphere was simulated by using a microfacet model. The algorithms are formulated in vector representation in terms of the input and output directions. The single-facet scattering simulation used the results of the Kirchhoff integral for medium rough surfaces with exponential height distribution. Scatterings by two or more facets were also simulated: For a fixed angle between the incident and the detection directions, the transmission scattering and its polarization properties were symmetric when plotted against the off-specular incident angle. The single-facet model generated no depolarization or polarization change. When double-facet scattering was included, polarizations were changed appreciably while depolarization. was still very small. Depolarization increased appreciably when scattering by higher orders was included. The simulated results that include all orders of scattering fit excellently to the measured scattering transmittance and its polarization and depolarization. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Res Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Nee, SMF (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Res Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 21 IS 9 BP 1635 EP 1644 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.21.001635 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 848PK UT WOS:000223479400005 PM 15384429 ER PT J AU Hourani, LL Yuan, HX Bray, RM AF Hourani, LL Yuan, HX Bray, RM TI Psychosocial and lifestyle correlates of premenstrual symptoms among military women SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PERCEIVED STRESS; SEEKING BEHAVIOR; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH SURVEY; DEPRESSION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATION; DISORDERS; HISTORY AB Background: This study examines the prevalence and correlates of self-reported premenstrual symptoms among a large, population-based sample of reproductive age, active-duty women. Methods: Data were obtained from a combined dataset of two large-scale mail surveys designed to represent the total force. Subjects included in the present study were 6026 active-duty women of all branches of military service stratified by service, paygrade group, race/ethnicity, and location. A multivariate approach is used to evaluate the interrelationships among psychosocial and lifestyle correlates of premenstrual symptoms or pain after controlling for demographic differences in women who reported premenstrual symptoms or pain during the past 3 months (cases) and those who did not (controls). Results: Premenstrual symptoms were reported by nearly 2 of every 3 reproductive age women. Women reporting premenstrual symptoms were more likely to report other symptoms of menstrual dysfunction, two or more current medical conditions, migraines, and healthcare provider visits in the past year. After controlling for the protective effects of taking DepoProvera (Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI) and ever being pregnant, younger age, trying to lose weight, heavier drinking, poorer self-perceived health, and overall job stress were the most significant predictors of premenstrual symptoms. The greatest risk factor was a high level of job stress, with an almost 3-fold increase in risk relative to those without symptoms. Conclusions: Work stress may mediate the relationship among depression and premenstrual symptoms. Further research is needed to elucidate the biological interrelationships among work stress, hormonal function, and premenstrual symptomatology. C1 RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Hourani, LL (reprint author), RTI Int, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM Hourani@rti.org NR 54 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD SEP PY 2004 VL 13 IS 7 BP 812 EP 821 DI 10.1089/jwh.2004.13.812 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 859MM UT WOS:000224268000007 PM 15385075 ER PT J AU Zerilli, FJ AF Zerilli, FJ TI Dislocation mechanics-based constitutive equations SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TMS/ASM Annual Meeting CY 2003 CL San Diego, CA SP TMS, ASM ID STRESS-STRAIN BEHAVIOR; DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR; GLASSY-POLYMERS; FCC METALS; FLOW; RATES; POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE; TEMPERATURES; PLASTICITY; TITANIUM AB A review of constitutive models based on the mechanics of dislocation motion is presented, with focus on the models of Zerilli and Armstrong and the critical influence of Armstrong on their development. The models were intended to be as simple as possible while still reproducing the behavior of real metals. The key feature of these models is their basis in the thermal activation theory propounded by Eyring in the 1930's. The motion of dislocations is governed by thermal activation over potential barriers produced by obstacles, which may be the crystal lattice itself or other dislocations or defects. Typically, in bcc metals, the dislocation-lattice interaction is predominant, while in fcc metals, the dislocation-dislocation interaction is the most significant. When the dislocation-lattice interaction is predominant, the yield stress is temperature and strain rate sensitive, with essentially athermal strain hardening. When the dislocation-dislocation interaction is predominant, the yield stress is athermal, with a large temperature and rate sensitive strain hardening. In both cases, a significant part of the athermal stress is accounted for by grain size effects, and, in some materials, by the effects of deformation twinning. In addition, some simple strain hardening models are described, starting from a differential equation describing creation and annihilation of mobile dislocations. Finally, an application of thermal activation theory to polymeric materials is described. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. EM zerillifj@ih.navy.mil NR 51 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 35A IS 9 BP 2547 EP 2555 DI 10.1007/s11661-004-0201-x PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 851IE UT WOS:000223678000002 ER PT J AU Lanzerotti, YD Sharma, J Armstrong, RW AF Lanzerotti, YD Sharma, J Armstrong, RW TI Atomic force microscopy studies of fracture surfaces of composition B energetic materials SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TMS/ASM Annual Meeting CY 2003 CL San Diego, CA SP TMS, ASM ID MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; HIGH ACCELERATION; RDX; TNT; ULTRACENTRIFUGE; CRYSTALS; GROWTH AB The characteristics of trinitrotoluene (TNT) crystals in composition B have been studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The size of TNT crystals has been examined by analyzing the surface structure that is exhibited after mechanical failure of the composition B. The mechanical failure occurs when the material is subjected to high acceleration (high g) in an ultracentrifuge and the shear or tensile strength is exceeded. The AFM examination of the topography of the composition B fracture surface reveals fracture across columnar grains of the TNT. The width of the columnar TNT grains ranges in size from similar to1 to similar to2 mum. Their height ranges in size from similar to50 to similar to300 nm. Flat TNT columns alternate with TNT columns containing river patterns that identify the direction of crack growth. Steps in the river patterns are a few nanometers in depth. The TNT constituent fracture surface morphology is shown to occur on such fine scale, beginning from adjacent columnar crystals only 1 to 2 mum in width and including river marking step heights of only a few nanometers, that AFM-type resolution is required even to begin to make clear what has happened. C1 USA, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Engn Mech, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Lanzerotti, YD (reprint author), USA, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. EM ylanzero@pica.army.mil NR 25 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 35A IS 9 BP 2675 EP 2679 DI 10.1007/s11661-004-0213-6 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 851IE UT WOS:000223678000014 ER PT J AU Halterman, K Valls, OT AF Halterman, K Valls, OT TI Stability of pi-junction configurations in ferromagnet-superconductor heterostructures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION; TEMPERATURE; STATE AB We investigate the stability of possible order parameter configurations in clean layered heterostructures of the SFS...FS type, where S is a superconductor and F a ferromagnet. We find that for most reasonable values of the geometric parameters (layer thicknesses and number) and of the material parameters (such as magnetic polarization, wave vector mismatch, and oxide barrier strength) several solutions of the self-consistent microscopic equations can coexist, which differ in the arrangement of the sequence of "0" and "pi" junction types (that is, with either same or opposite sign of the pair potential in adjacent S layers). The number of such coexisting self-consistent solutions increases with the number of layers. Studying the relative stability of these configurations requires an accurate computation of the small difference in the condensation free energies of these inhomogeneous systems. We perform these calculations, starting with numerical self consistent solutions of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. We present extensive results for the condensation free energies of the different possible configurations, obtained by using efficient and accurate numerical methods, and discuss their relative stabilities. Comprehensive and systematic results as a function of the relevant parameters for systems consisting of three and seven layers (one or three junctions) are given, and the generalization to larger number of layers is discussed. C1 USN, Sensor & Signal Sci Div, Res Dept, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Halterman, K (reprint author), USN, Sensor & Signal Sci Div, Res Dept, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM klaus.halterman@navy.mil; otvalls@umn.edu RI Halterman, Klaus/G-3826-2012; OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134 NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP PY 2004 VL 70 IS 10 AR 104516 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.104516 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 858RL UT WOS:000224209300082 ER PT J AU Johnstone, PAS Williams, SR Riffenburgh, RH AF Johnstone, PAS Williams, SR Riffenburgh, RH TI The 100-day PSA: usefulness as surrogate end point for biochemical disease-free survival after definitive radiotherapy of prostate cancer SO PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE prostate-specific antigen; prognostic factors; follow-up regimens ID BEAM RADIATION-THERAPY; ANTIGEN DOUBLING TIME; HEALTH-CARE-SYSTEM; OF-DEFENSE CENTER; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; PRETREATMENT NOMOGRAM; ONCOLOGY REPORT; FOLLOW-UP; FAILURE; CARCINOMA AB Overall and biochemical disease-free (bNED) survival data after definitive radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer (CaP) requires decades of patient follow-up. Surrogates involving dynamics of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decline, PSA nadir and time thereto have been unrewarding. This study investigated the metric of the PSA value 100 days after RT (PSA(100)), analyzed with respect to 8-y bNED survival. A total of 214 patients with T1-3 CaP were treated with definitive RT (defined as dose >66 Gy) in our institution between 1/1/1988 and 12/31/2000. All were subject to continuous follow-up with routine PSA levels. Biochemical failure ( 77 patients) was defined by the ASTRO criteria ( n = 67) or by the date of first hormonal therapy for a rising PSA, which did not meet the ASTRO criteria ( n = 10). No patients were included if they received postoperative radiation, or if hormones were administered prior to bNED recurrence, if any. Patients were stratified by PSA(100) values less than or equal to or >4.0 ng/ml, and less than or equal to or <2.5 ng/ml. Median follow-up was 64.3 months: follow-up data were calculated as of time to last PSA, with data collection as of 12/31/02. Patients with PSA(100) <= 4.0 ng/ml had 62% 8-y bNED survival, and those with PSA(100) >4.0 ng/ml had 20% 8-y bNED survival ( P<0.001). Use of a PSA(100) cutoff of 2.5 ng/ml yielded no significant difference in 8-y bNED survival ( P = 0.229). Cox proportional analysis revealed that initial PSA ( P = 0.006), stage ( P = 0.001) and PSA(100) <= 4.0 ng/ml ( P = 0.002) were significantly related to bNED survival, but that age ( P = 0.887), race ( P = 0.500), RT dose ( P = 0.669), Gleason sum ( P = 0.091), and PSA(100) <= 2.5 ng/ml ( P = 0.128) were not. In conclusion, PSA(100) using a cutoff of 4 ng/ml is a valuable and reliable surrogate for bNED survival after definitive RT, requiring less follow-up than other metrics. Patients with less values will have only about a 1 in 3 chance of bNED failure at 8 y. Patients with greater values will have a 4 in 5 chance of bNED failure at 8 y. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Johnstone, PAS (reprint author), Emory Clin, 1365 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. EM peter@radonc.emory.org NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1365-7852 J9 PROSTATE CANCER P D JI Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 7 IS 3 BP 263 EP 267 DI 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500736 PG 5 WC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology SC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology GA 857NK UT WOS:000224124000018 PM 15289811 ER PT J AU Pickhardt, PJ Choi, JR Hwang, I Schindler, WR AF Pickhardt, PJ Choi, JR Hwang, I Schindler, WR TI Nonadenomatous polyps at CT colonography: Prevalence, size distribution, and detection rates SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC COLONOGRAPHY; VIRTUAL COLONOSCOPY; COLORECTAL NEOPLASIA; PERFORMANCE-CHARACTERISTICS; ASYMPTOMATIC ADULTS; SCREEN; CANCER AB PURPOSE: To prospectively investigate with computed tomographic (CT) colonography the prevalence and size distribution of nonadenomatous polyps in asymptomatic adults and to compare the detection rates of adenomatous and nonadenomatous polyps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1233 asymptomatic adults (mean age, 57.8 years; 505 women, 728 men) underwent same-day CT colonography and optical colonoscopy procedures. CT colonoscopy studies were interpreted prospectively with a primary three-dimensional approach immediately before optical colonoscopy. Statistical analysis was performed with the chi(2) test. Size, prevalence, and by-polyp detection differences were compared between adenomatous and nonadenomatous polyps. RESULTS: Seven hundred fifty-six (57.7%) colorectal polyps identified at optical colonoscopy in 410 (33.3%) patients were nonadenomatous; of these lesions, 622 (82.3%) were diminutive (less than or equal to5 mm). Nonadenomatous polyps accounted for 622 (64.4%) of 966 diminutive lesions and 134 (39.9%) of 344 polyps 6 mm or larger (P < .001). The prevalence rate for nonadenomatous polyps was 8.8% (109 of 1233 patients) and 2.0% (25 of 1233 patients) at 6- and 10-mm thresholds, respectively. CT colonography by-polyp sensitivity for nonadenomatous lesions was 73.1% (98 of 134 patients) and 73.3% (22 of 30 patients) at 6- and 10-mm thresholds, respectively, compared with 85.7% (180 of 210 patients) and 92.2% (47 of 51 patients) for adenomas (P < .01). In 1065 patients that did not have a 6-mm or larger adenoma at optical colonoscopy, CT colonography depicted a nonadenomatous polyp that was 6 mm or larger in 63 (5.9%) patients and a nonadenomatous polyp that was 10 mm or larger in 15 (1.4%) patients. CONCLUSION: More than 80% of nonadenomatous polyps were diminutive, but they accounted for nearly 40% of polyps that were 6 mm or larger. Fortunately, CT colonography is significantly (P < .01) less sensitive in the detection of lesions that have no malignant potential when compared with similar-sized adenomas that have malignant potential. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Gastroenterol, San Diego, CA USA. RP Pickhardt, PJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, E3-311 Clin Sci Ctr,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. EM ppickhardt@mail.radiology.wisc.edu NR 17 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD SEP PY 2004 VL 232 IS 3 BP 784 EP 790 DI 10.1148/radiol.2323031614 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 848GG UT WOS:000223455000020 PM 15247435 ER PT J AU Davis, MC Chafin, AP Hollins, RA Baldwin, LC Erickson, ED Zarras, P Drury, EC AF Davis, MC Chafin, AP Hollins, RA Baldwin, LC Erickson, ED Zarras, P Drury, EC TI Synthesis of an isophorone-based nonlinear optical chromophore SO SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE aldol; dyes; Knoevenagel; nonlinear optical; Vilsmeier ID CONDENSATION; ACCEPTORS AB The synthesis of a "CLD-type" nonlinear optical chromophore incorporating the isophorone unit to rigidize the polyene segment is described. The synthesis required seven steps with an overall yield of 17%. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Res Dept,Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Davis, MC (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Res Dept,Chem & Mat Div, Code 4T4200D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM matthew.davis@navy.mil NR 15 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0039-7911 J9 SYNTHETIC COMMUN JI Synth. Commun. PD SEP PY 2004 VL 34 IS 18 BP 3419 EP 3429 DI 10.1081/SCC-200030646 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 861CA UT WOS:000224392500020 ER PT J AU Reed, C Burr, R Melcer, T AF Reed, C Burr, R Melcer, T TI Navy telemedicine: A review of current and emerging research models SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL AND E-HEALTH LA English DT Review ID DEPARTMENT-OF-DEFENSE; HEALTH-CARE INTERNET; SYSTEMS; MILITARY; INTEROPERABILITY; IMPLEMENTATION; TELERADIOLOGY; POPULATIONS; TELEHEALTH; SERVICES AB With extended deployments of military telemedicine to remote, austere, and high-risk settings, there is a danger that implementation will outrun the research designed to assess it. A review of existing research evaluates current assessment models and indicates gaps around which future research may be designed. A review of models for evaluating telemedicine was conducted in. September, 2001. Seven areas of assessment recurred that could be subsumed under the framework of "interoperability." A follow-up search was conducted during September, 2003, to ascertain the degree to which assessments of interoperability were being advocated. Although extensive deployments of telemedicine systems in high-risk settings make it imperative to know that human, organizational, and technical components are integrating productively (i.e., interoperating), current research does not evaluate telemedicine as a system. The structure and functioning of telemedicine systems should be assessed empirically and systemically to avoid subjective or limited assessments. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. MTS Technol Inc, Arlington, VA USA. RP Reed, C (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM ReedC@nhrc.navy.mil NR 56 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1530-5627 J9 TELEMED J E-HEALTH JI Telemed. J. e-Health PD FAL PY 2004 VL 10 IS 3 BP 343 EP 356 DI 10.1089/tmj.2004.10.343 PG 14 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 860ZR UT WOS:000224386400009 PM 15650529 ER PT J AU Rentas, FJ Salata, J Harman, R Childs, J Silva, T Koch, D AF Rentas, FJ Salata, J Harman, R Childs, J Silva, T Koch, D TI Post-thaw storage of red cells affected by the use of different additive solutions SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 57th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 23-26, 2004 CL Baltimore, MD SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2004 VL 44 IS 9 SU S BP 61A EP 61A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 849XS UT WOS:000223575600204 ER PT J AU Chang, PH Colbert, JE Hardy, DR Leonard, JT AF Chang, PH Colbert, JE Hardy, DR Leonard, JT TI Evaluation of Fischer-Tropsch synthetic fuels for United States Naval applications. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC USA. Geocenter Inc, Washington, DC USA. EM changph@navair.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 52-PETR BP U177 EP U177 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713800914 ER PT J AU Kus, E Anderson, N Zarras, P Mansfeld, F AF Kus, E Anderson, N Zarras, P Mansfeld, F TI Evaluation of the protective properties of chromate-free BAMPPV-based polymer coatings using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ So Calif, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, CEEL, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Point Mugu Nawc, CA 93042 USA. EM kus@usc.edu; mansfeld@usc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 304-POLY BP U370 EP U370 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713801980 ER PT J AU Prokopyk, N AF Prokopyk, N TI Electro-optic films based on ruthenium coordination complexes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM nicholas.prokopuk@navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 739-INOR BP U893 EP U893 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851UZ UT WOS:000223712803774 ER PT J AU Sorathia, U Perez, I AF Sorathia, U Perez, I TI Improving fire performance characteristics of composite materials for naval applications. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 228th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-26, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Fire Protect Branch, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Off Naval Res, Dept Mat, Arlington, VA USA. EM sorathiaua@nswccd.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2004 VL 228 MA 169-PMSE BP U440 EP U440 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851VJ UT WOS:000223713802328 ER PT J AU Freedland, SJ Aronson, WJ Kane, CJ Terris, MK Presti, JC Trock, B Amling, CL AF Freedland, SJ Aronson, WJ Kane, CJ Terris, MK Presti, JC Trock, B Amling, CL TI Biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy among men with normal preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen levels SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE prostate carcinoma; radical prostatectomy; prostate-specific antigen; prostate-specific antigen recurrence ID DISEASE RECURRENCE; RADIATION-THERAPY; CANCER; CUTOFF; SPECIMENS; NOMOGRAM; SURVIVAL; NG./ML.; NG/ML; STAGE AB BACKGROUND. Recent studies have shown that a significant number of men with normal prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels have prostate carcinoma, Whether malignancies in such men are associated with better outcomes is unclear. The authors compared the risk of biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy (RP) between men with normal PSA levels and men with elevated PSA levels. METHODS. Data were examined from 1582 men who underwent RP between 1988 and 2002 at I of 5 equal-access medical centers. Patients were segregated into groups based on serum PSA levels (with stratification according to age-specific reference ranges). Clinical and pathologic characteristics and biochemical outcome data were compared across groups using analyses of variance, log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards analysis. RESULTS. Men who had normal PSA levels had significantly fewer high-grade tumors compared with men who had higher PSA levels (P < 0.001). The former group had a significantly decreased incidence of positive surgical margins, extracapsular disease, seminal vesicle invasion, and lymph node involvement (P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, only serum PSA level (P < 0.001) and biopsy Gleason score (P < 0.001) predicted the time to disease recurrence. When only men with serum PSA levels < 10 ng/mL were examined, PSA level treated as a continuous variable remained a significant predictor of time to biochemical failure (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS. Men who had normal PSA levels had significantly fewer high-grade tumors and significantly better biochemical outcomes after undergoing RP compared with men who had elevated PSA levels. Overall, men with normal PSA levels who undergo RP represent a favorable risk group. Cancer 2004;101:748-53. (C) 2004 American Cancer Society. C1 Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Urol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Urol Sect, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Surg, Urol Sect, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. San Diego Naval Hosp, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. RP Freedland, SJ (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Urol, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM sfreedl1@jhmi.edu OI Terris, Martha/0000-0002-3843-7270 NR 24 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD AUG 15 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 4 BP 748 EP 753 DI 10.1002/cncr.20390 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 843UD UT WOS:000223111200011 PM 15305405 ER PT J AU Brown, GO Atvars, TDZ Guardala, NA Price, JL Weiss, RG AF Brown, GO Atvars, TDZ Guardala, NA Price, JL Weiss, RG TI Temperature-dependent fluorescence from pyrenyl-modified polyethylene films. A comparison of attachment methods and morphology changes by irradiation with eV-range photons and bombardment with MeV-range positive ions SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE fluorescence; pyrene; polyethylene; temperature; radiation; bombardment ID LOW-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RELAXATIONS; VINYL ACETATE COPOLYMERS; GAMMA-LOSS BANDS; LINEAR POLYETHYLENE; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; ETHYLENE COPOLYMERS; ALPHA-RELAXATION; GLASS-TRANSITION AB 1-Pyrenyl groups were attached covalently to three polyethylene (Py-PE) films with different crystallinities by irradiating (eV-range photons-UV-photons) or by bombarding (MeV-range ions-protons and alpha particles) pyrene-doped PE films (Py/PE). Onset temperatures of relaxation processes (T-x) of the Py-PE were approximated from (1) Arrhenius-type plots of the normalized integrated intensities of the films and (2) the temperature dependence of the full-width half-maximum (FWHM) films and the position of the 0-0 fluorescence band. DSC thermograms of the native and irradiated or bombarded films were also compared to independently assess the morphological changes. The onset temperatures T-x in lower crystallinity Py-PE films were more difficult to locate when prepared by bombardment with high doses than with low doses of photons or ions or by irradiation. The ease of locating the T-x in higher crystallinity Py-PE films was independent of dose, suggesting little change in the mobility in the vicinity of pyrenyl probes. Fluorescence from Py-PE bombarded with alpha particles indicated the presence of both singly- and doubly-attached pyrenyl groups. The singly-attached pyrenyl groups were less sensitive than the doubly attached to the T-x. Py-PE films were more sensitive luminescence reporters of T-gamma segmental motions than were 9-anthryl groups covalently attached to the same polymers. We also discuss possible reasons why the values of the activation energies for the relaxation processes, as calculated from the Arrhenius plots, were much smaller than those based on the dynamic mechanical methods. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Georgetown Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20057 USA. Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Quim, BR-13084971 Campinas, SP, Brazil. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Weiss, RG (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20057 USA. EM weissr@georgetown.edu RI Atvars, Teresa/C-9988-2012 NR 61 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 2004 VL 42 IS 16 BP 2957 EP 2970 DI 10.1002/polb.20165 PG 14 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 843IJ UT WOS:000223071700003 ER PT J AU Pando, MDP Biglione, MM Toscano, MF Rey, JA Russell, KL Negrete, M Gianni, S Martinez-Peralta, L Salomon, H Sosa-Estani, S Montano, SM Olson, JG Sanchez, JL Carr, JK Avila, MM AF Pando, MDP Biglione, MM Toscano, MF Rey, JA Russell, KL Negrete, M Gianni, S Martinez-Peralta, L Salomon, H Sosa-Estani, S Montano, SM Olson, JG Sanchez, JL Carr, JK Avila, MM TI Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and other viral co-infections among young heterosexual men and women in Argentina SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; INTRAVENOUS-DRUG-USERS; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; HTLV-II INFECTION; BLOOD-DONORS; BUENOS-AIRES; SEROPREVALENCE; HIV; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INDIANS AB Infections with hepatitis C virus, (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and human T lymphotropic type I/II (HTLV-I/II) virus are commonly found in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). We conducted a seroepidemiologic study among 174 HIV-positive heterosexuals in Buenos Aires, Argentina in 1999. Evidence of exposure to HCV, HBV, and HTLV-I/II was found in 32%,17%, and 5%, respectively. A higher prevalence of HBV infection was observed among males (33%) compared with females (12%; P < 0.05). Among women, a prior history of a sexually transmitted infection, injecting drug use (IDU), having had more than five lifetime sex partners, and having exchanged sex-for-goods were significantly associated with HCV infection, whereas an IDU history, syringe sharing, and having exchanged sex-for-goods were found to be associated with HBV infection. Among men, an IDU history and syringe/needle sharing were significantly associated with HCV infection. The IDU-related and sexual transmission of hepatitis viruses constitute a significant problem among young, HIV-infected, heterosexuals in Argentina. C1 Ctr Nacl Referencia SIDA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Hosp Clin Jose San Martin, Lab Hemoterapia, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. US Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. US Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. RP Pando, MDP (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, Paraguay 2155,Piso 11,C1121ABG, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM mpando@fmed.uba.ar; mbiglione@fmed.uba.ar; mfertos@yahoo.com.ar; jrey@arnet.com.ar; Russell@nhrc.navy.mil; mnegreteg@yahoo.com; silviaserman@infovia.com.ar; lilimp@fmed.uba.ar; hsalomon@fmed.uba.ar; ssosaestani@abaconet.com.ar; smontano@nmrcd.med.navy.mil; olson@nmrcd.med.navy.mil; jsanchez@hivresearch.org; Jcarr@hivresearch.org; mavila@fmed.uba.ar NR 34 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 71 IS 2 BP 153 EP 159 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 848AZ UT WOS:000223440700005 PM 15306703 ER PT J AU Holm, ER Schultz, MP Haslbeck, EG Talbott, WJ Field, AJ AF Holm, ER Schultz, MP Haslbeck, EG Talbott, WJ Field, AJ TI Evaluation of hydrodynamic drag on experimental fouling-release surfaces, using rotating disks SO BIOFOULING LA English DT Article DE drag; biofilm; fouling-release; silicone surfaces ID BACTERIAL ADHESION; BIOFILMS; WETTABILITY; ATTACHMENT; FILMS; TBT AB Fouling by biofilms significantly increases frictional drag on ships' hulls. A device, the friction disk machine, designed to measure torque on rotating disks, was used to examine differences among experimental fouling-release coatings in the drag penalty due to accumulated biofilms. Penalties were measured as the percentage change in the frictional resistance coefficient C f . Drag penalties due to microfouling ranged from 9% to 29%, comparable to previously reported values. An antifouling control coating showed a smaller drag penalty than the fouling-release coatings. There were also significant differences among the fouling-release coatings in drag due to biofilm formation. These results indicate that the friction disk machine may serve as a valuable tool for investigating the effects of experimental coatings, both antifouling and fouling-release, on microfouling and associated drag penalties. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. USN Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Holm, ER (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Code 641,Bldg 60,Rm 334,9500 MacArthur Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM holmer@nswccd.navy.mil RI Schultz, Michael/C-3670-2008 NR 39 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 22 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7014 J9 BIOFOULING JI Biofouling PD AUG-OCT PY 2004 VL 20 IS 4-5 BP 219 EP 226 DI 10.1080/08927010400011245 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 882GD UT WOS:000225926300004 PM 15621643 ER PT J AU Parlette, EC Kroeger, N Ross, EV AF Parlette, EC Kroeger, N Ross, EV TI Nd : YAG laser treatment of recalcitrant folliculitis decalvans SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PERIFOLLICULITIS-CAPITIS-ABSCEDENS; DISSECTING CELLULITIS; ET-SUFFODIENS; THERAPY; SCALP; ZINC AB BACKGROUND. The scarring follicular disorders pose challenging therapeutic dilemmas. OBJECTIVE. Hair removal lasers have recently been shown to be efficacious in the management of these disorders. METHODS. We present a young, Fitzpatrick skin type VI African-American patient with recalcitrant folliculitis decalvans, whom we treated with the neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. RESULTS. A remission of folliculitis decalvans was successfully achieved using the Nd:YAG for laser depilation. CONCLUSION. Based on the optical properties of light in skin, the Nd:YAG laser is the best for laser depilation in dark individuals. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Parlette, EC (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM ECParlette@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 30 IS 8 BP 1152 EP 1154 DI 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2004.30344.x PG 3 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 840PH UT WOS:000222870900015 PM 15274709 ER PT J AU Lin, BC Ritchie, GD Rossi, J Pancrazio, JJ AF Lin, BC Ritchie, GD Rossi, J Pancrazio, JJ TI Assessment of differentially expressed genes induced by JP-8 jet fuel exposure in the rat central nervous system SO DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th European ISSX Meeting CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2004 CL Vancouver, CANADA C1 USN, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Toxicol Detachment, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI Lin, Baochuan/A-8390-2009; Pancrazio, Joseph/M-3206-2015 OI Lin, Baochuan/0000-0002-9484-0785; Pancrazio, Joseph/0000-0001-8276-3690 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-2532 J9 DRUG METAB REV JI Drug Metab. Rev. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 36 SU 1 MA 23 BP 12 EP 12 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 856DF UT WOS:000224023200024 ER PT J AU Smith, TC Smith, B Corbeil, TE Riddle, JR Ryan, MAK AF Smith, TC Smith, B Corbeil, TE Riddle, JR Ryan, MAK CA Millennium Cohort Study Team TI Self-reported mental health among US military personnel prior and subsequent to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY-CARE; PRIME-MD; VALIDITY; STRESS; SEVERITY; UTILITY; SYMPTOMS; PHQ-9 AB There is much concern over the potential for short- and long-term adverse mental health effects caused by the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. This analysis used data from the Millennium Cohort Study to identify subgroups of US military members who enrolled in the cohort and reported their mental health status before the traumatic events of September 11 and soon after September 11. While adjusting for confounding, multivariable logistic regression, analysis of variance, and multivariate ordinal, or polychotomous logistic regression were used to compare 18 self-reported mental health measures in US military members who enrolled in the cohort before September 11, 2001 with those military personnel who enrolled after September 11, 2001. In contrast to studies of other populations, military respondents reported fewer mental health problems in the months immediately after September 11, 2001. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Smith, TC (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM Smith@nhrc.navy.mil NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 46 IS 8 BP 775 EP 782 DI 10.1097/01.jom.0000135545.51183.ad PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 845WU UT WOS:000223276800005 PM 15300128 ER PT J AU Freedland, SJ Terris, MK Presti, JC Amling, CL Kane, CJ Trock, B Aronson, WJ AF Freedland, SJ Terris, MK Presti, JC Amling, CL Kane, CJ Trock, B Aronson, WJ CA Search Database Study Grp TI Obesity and biochemical outcome following radical prostatectomy for organ confined disease with negative surgical margins SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostatic neoplasms; prostatectomy; obesity; African Americans ID BODY-MASS INDEX; PATHOLOGICAL VARIABLES; SERUM TESTOSTERONE; US ADULTS; CANCER; MEN; FINASTERIDE; RACE; MORTALITY; DATABASE AB Purpose: We have previously shown that men with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 35 kg/m(2) had higher rates of positive surgical margins and significantly higher biochemical recurrence rates following radical prostatectomy (RP). To determine whether the higher prostate specific antigen (PSA) recurrence rates were due solely to the higher positive margin rate, we examined whether obesity was an independent predictor of biochemical failure among men with negative surgical margins. Materials and Methods: We examined data from 1,250 men treated with RP between 1988 and 2003 at 5 equal access medical centers, of whom 731 had pathologically organ confined disease and negative surgical margins. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to determine if BMI was a significant independent predictor of biochemical recurrence. Results: Mean BMI significantly increased over time (p = 0.010). Black men were significantly more likely to be obese than white or nonwhite-nonblack men. After controlling for all preoperative characteristics, body mass index was a significant predictor of biochemical failure with moderately and severely obese men (BMI 35 kg/m(2) or greater) having greater than a 4-fold increased risk of PSA failure (p = 0.035). After controlling for the higher pathological Gleason grades among obese men, body mass index remained a significant predictor of biochemical failure with moderately and severely obese men (BMI 35 kg/m(2) or greater) having nearly a 4-fold increased risk for PSA failure (p = 0.036). Conclusions: BMI 35 kg/m(2) or greater was associated with higher grade tumors and worse outcome following RP in a cohort of men with favorable pathological findings. Thus, surgical technique (margin status) cannot fully explain the worse outcomes among obese men, suggesting that obesity may be associated with a biologically more aggressive form of prostate cancer. C1 Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Urol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Urol Sect, Augusta, GA USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Palo Alto, CA USA. San Diego Naval Hosp, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Sect, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Freedland, SJ (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Urol, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM sfreedl1@jhmi.edu OI Terris, Martha/0000-0002-3843-7270 FU NCI NIH HHS [P50 CA92131-01A1] NR 20 TC 62 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 172 IS 2 BP 520 EP 524 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000135302.58378.ae PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 837MJ UT WOS:000222639300026 PM 15247719 ER PT J AU Davis, MC Chafin, AP AF Davis, MC Chafin, AP TI A convenient method for the preparation of 2,5-bis-(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole SO ORGANIC PREPARATIONS AND PROCEDURES INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article C1 USN, Chem & Mat Div, Michelson Lab, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Davis, MC (reprint author), USN, Chem & Mat Div, Michelson Lab, Air Warfare Ctr, Code 4T4220D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM matthew.davis@navy.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU ORGANIC PREP PROCEDURES INC PI NEWTON HIGHLANDS PA PO BOX 9, NEWTON HIGHLANDS, MA 02161 USA SN 0030-4948 J9 ORG PREP PROCED INT JI Org. Prep. Proced. Int. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 36 IS 4 BP 375 EP 379 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 850RR UT WOS:000223630600011 ER PT J AU Mahapatra, RN Varma, SK Lei, C Agarwala, VV AF Mahapatra, RN Varma, SK Lei, C Agarwala, VV TI Oxidation behavior of Rh-30Ni-18Nb refractory superalloy SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Article DE oxidation behavior; refractory alloys; weight-gain method; EDS analysis; TEM; SEM; optical microscopy ID ALLOYS AB The isothermal-oxidation behavior of Rh - 30Ni - 18Nb in at% refractory alloy was investigated up to a period of 312 hr in air from 1000 to 1350degreesC. A comparison of the oxidation behavior of this alloy with a conventional Ni-base superalloy (Inconel 713C) shows an order-of-magnitude higher oxidation resistance. This experimental alloy oxidizes by forming alternate layers of Nb2O5 and RhO while NiO is on the surface in contact with air. Optical and scanning-electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the microstructure and morphology for the characterization of the oxides. Thermal stability of the alloy for extended periods of exposure to air at 1400degreesC was studied using transmission-electron microscopy (TEM). C1 Univ Texas, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20650 USA. RP Varma, SK (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. EM skvarma@utep.edu NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD AUG PY 2004 VL 62 IS 1-2 BP 93 EP 102 DI 10.1023/B:OXID.0000038787.71255.77 PG 10 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 848RX UT WOS:000223485900006 ER PT J AU Donta, ST Engel, CC Collins, JF Baseman, JB Dever, LL Taylor, T Boardman, KD Kazis, LE Martin, SE Horney, RA Wiseman, AL Kernodle, DS Smith, RP Baltch, AL Handanos, C Catto, B Montalvo, L Everson, M Blackburn, W Thakore, M Brown, ST Lutwick, L Norwood, D Bernstein, J Bacheller, C Ribner, B Church, LWP Wilson, KH Guduru, P Cooper, R Lentino, J Hamill, RJ Gorin, AB Gordan, V Wagner, D Robinson, C DeJace, P Greenfield, R Beck, L Bittner, M Schumacher, HR Silverblatt, F Schmitt, J Wong, E Ryan, MAK Figueroa, J Nice, C Feussner, JR AF Donta, ST Engel, CC Collins, JF Baseman, JB Dever, LL Taylor, T Boardman, KD Kazis, LE Martin, SE Horney, RA Wiseman, AL Kernodle, DS Smith, RP Baltch, AL Handanos, C Catto, B Montalvo, L Everson, M Blackburn, W Thakore, M Brown, ST Lutwick, L Norwood, D Bernstein, J Bacheller, C Ribner, B Church, LWP Wilson, KH Guduru, P Cooper, R Lentino, J Hamill, RJ Gorin, AB Gordan, V Wagner, D Robinson, C DeJace, P Greenfield, R Beck, L Bittner, M Schumacher, HR Silverblatt, F Schmitt, J Wong, E Ryan, MAK Figueroa, J Nice, C Feussner, JR CA VA Cooperative 475 Grp TI Benefits and harms of doxycycline treatment for Gulf War veterans' illnesses SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; HEALTH-STATUS; MYCOPLASMA-FERMENTANS; DESERT-STORM; DISEASE; QUESTIONNAIRE; GENITALIUM; POPULATION; EXPOSURE AB Background: It has been hypothesized that certain Mycoplasma species may cause Gulf War veterans' illnesses (GWVIs), chronic diseases characterized by pain, fatigue, and cognitive symptoms, and that affected patients may benefit from doxycycline treatment. Objective: To determine whether a 12-month course of doxycycline improves functional status in Gulf War veterans with GWVIs. Design: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial with 12 months of treatment and 6 additional months of follow-up. Setting: 26 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and 2 U.S. Department of Defense medical centers. Participants: 491 deployed Gulf War veterans with GWVIs and detectable Mycoplasma DNA in the blood. Intervention: Doxycycline, 200 mg, or matching placebo daily for 12 months. Measurements: The primary outcome was the proportion of participants who improved more than 7 units on the Physical Component Summary score of the Veterans Short Form-36 General Health Survey 12 months after randomization. Secondary outcomes were measures of pain, fatigue, and cognitive function and change in positivity for Mycoplasma species at 6, 12, and 18 months after randomization. Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the doxycycline and placebo groups for the primary outcome measure (43 of 238 participants [18.1%] vs. 42 of 243 participants [17.3%]; difference, 0.8 percentage point [95% CI, -6.5 to 8.0 percentage points]; P > 0.2) or for secondary outcome measures at 1 year. In addition, possible differences in outcomes at 3 and 6 months were not apparent at 9 or 18 months. Participants in the doxycycline group had a higher incidence of nausea and photosensitivity. Limitations: Adherence to treatment after 6 months was poor. Conclusion: Long-term treatment with doxycycline did not improve outcomes of GWVIs at 1 year. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Milwaukee, WI USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Montgomery, AL USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Perry Point, MD USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, E Orange, NJ USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, White River Jct, VT USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Albuquerque, NM USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bedford, MA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Albany, NY USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Augusta, GA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Brooklyn, NY USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dayton, OH USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Fargo, ND USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hines, IL USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Manchester, NH USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Omaha, NE USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Providence, RI USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Richmond, VA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Juan, PR USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Natl Cent Off, Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC USA. RP Collins, JF (reprint author), Vet Affairs Maryland Healthcare Syst, Cooperat Studies Program, Coordinating Ctr 151E, POB 1010, Perry Point, MD 21902 USA. NR 39 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUL 20 PY 2004 VL 141 IS 2 BP 85 EP 94 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 839BL UT WOS:000222758200001 PM 15262663 ER PT J AU Sumner, MJ Weyers, RY Rosario, AC Riffle, JS Sorathia, U AF Sumner, MJ Weyers, RY Rosario, AC Riffle, JS Sorathia, U TI Synthesis and characterization of vinyl ester networks containing phthalonitrile moieties SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE vinyl ester; flame-resistant; phthalonitrile ID COMPOSITES; RESIN AB A new styrenic monomer, 4-vinylphenoxyphthalonitrile, was synthesized by nucleophilic aromatic substitution of 4-vinylphenolate onto 4-nitrophthalonitrile. The new monomer was reacted with dimethacrylate-styrene resins (so-called vinyl esters) via free radical copolymerization at 90, then 120 degreesC with benzoyl peroxide as the initiator to form networks. The networks were further post-cured at 220, 240, or 260 degreesC for 4 h to convert the last portion of the methacrylates, and to partially cross-link the pendent phthalonitrile groups. A dimethacrylate-styrene network containing 30 wt% of the phthalonitrile-functional monomer exhibited a 70% reduction in peak heat release rate by cone calorimetry measured at an incident heat flux of 50 kW m(-2) relative to control vinyl ester networks. This still remains somewhat higher than peak heat release rates exhibited by brominated vinyl ester networks, but the CO/CO2 ratio in the smoke is much lower for these non-halogenated materials. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Technol, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Riffle, JS (reprint author), Virginia Technol, Dept Chem, 2018 Hahn Hall,Mail Code 0212, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM anflynn@vt.edu NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JUL 12 PY 2004 VL 45 IS 15 BP 5199 EP 5206 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.04.011 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 840GE UT WOS:000222844500023 ER PT J AU Kotloff, RM Ahya, VN Crawford, SW AF Kotloff, RM Ahya, VN Crawford, SW TI Pulmonary complications of solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; organ transplantation; pneumonia ID BONE-MARROW-TRANSPLANTATION; BRONCHIOLITIS-OBLITERANS-SYNDROME; IDIOPATHIC-PNEUMONIA-SYNDROME; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; DIFFUSE ALVEOLAR HEMORRHAGE; ORTHOTOPIC LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; SINGLE-LUNG TRANSPLANTATION; PNEUMOCYSTIS-CARINII-PNEUMONIA; ALLOGENEIC BMT RECIPIENTS; GANCICLOVIR-RESISTANT CYTOMEGALOVIRUS AB The ability to successfully transplant solid organs and hematopoietic stem cells represents one of the landmark medical achievements of the twentieth century. Solid organ transplantation has emerged as the standard of care for select patients with severe vital organ dysfunction and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has become an important treatment option for patients with a wide spectrum of nonmalignant and malignant hematologic disorders, genetic disorders, and solid tumors. Although advances in surgical techniques, immunosuppressive management, and prophylaxis and treatment of infectious diseases have made long-term survival an achievable goal, transplant recipients remain at high risk for developing a myriad of serious and often life-threatening complications. Paramount among these are pulmonary complications, which arise as a consequence of the immunosuppressed status of the recipient as well as from such factors as the initial surgical insult of organ transplantation, the chemotherapy and radiation conditioning regimens that precede hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and alloimmune mechanisms mediating host-versus-graft and graft-versus-host responses. As the population of transplant recipients continues to grow and as their care progressively shifts from the university hospital to the community setting, knowledge of the pulmonary complications of transplantation is increasingly germane to the contemporary practice of pulmonary medicine. C1 Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Sect Adv Lung Dis & Lung Transplantat, Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Div, Philadelphia, PA 19027 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Pulm & Crit Care, San Diego, CA USA. RP Kotloff, RM (reprint author), Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Sect Adv Lung Dis & Lung Transplantat, Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Div, 838 W Gates,3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19027 USA. EM kotloff@mail.med.upenn.edu NR 351 TC 168 Z9 188 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 170 IS 1 BP 22 EP 48 DI 10.1164/rccm.200309-1322SO PG 27 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 833HQ UT WOS:000222328200013 PM 15070821 ER PT J AU Mullen, L Laux, A Concannon, B Zege, EP Katsev, IL Prikhach, AS AF Mullen, L Laux, A Concannon, B Zege, EP Katsev, IL Prikhach, AS TI Amplitude-modulated laser imager SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID UNDERWATER; SYSTEM AB Laser systems have been developed to image underwater objects. However, the performance of these systems can be severely degraded in turbid water. We have developed a technique using modulated light to improve underwater detection and imaging. A program, Modulated Vision System (MVS), which is based on a new theoretical approach, has been developed to predict modulated laser imaging performance. Experiments have been conducted in a controlled laboratory environment to test the accuracy of the theory as a function of system and environmental parameters. Results show a strong correlation between experiment and theory and indicate that the MVS program can be used to predict future system performance. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 USN, Air Syst Command, Air Warfare Ctr, Electroopt & Special Mission Sensors Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. Belarus Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Minsk 220072, Byelarus. RP Mullen, L (reprint author), USN, Air Syst Command, Air Warfare Ctr, Electroopt & Special Mission Sensors Div, 22347 Cedar Point Rd, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM linda.mullen@navy.mil NR 14 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 19 BP 3874 EP 3892 DI 10.1364/AO.43.003874 PG 19 WC Optics SC Optics GA 834RD UT WOS:000222427300012 PM 15250554 ER PT J AU Torres, JR Russell, KL Vasquez, C Barrera, R Tesh, RB Salas, R Watts, DM AF Torres, JR Russell, KL Vasquez, C Barrera, R Tesh, RB Salas, R Watts, DM TI Family cluster of Mayaro fever, Venezuela SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-DISEASE; ARBOVIRUSES; INFECTION; OUTBREAK AB A cluster of protracted migratory polyarthritis involving four adult family members occurred in January 2000 after a brief overnight outing in a rural area of Venezuela. Laboratory testing demonstrated Mayaro virus as the cause of the cluster. These results documented the first human cases of Mayaro virus in Venezuela. C1 Cent Univ Venezuela, Inst Trop Med, Caracas 1041A, Venezuela. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Caracas, Venezuela. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. RP Torres, JR (reprint author), Cent Univ Venezuela, Inst Trop Med, Apartado 47019, Caracas 1041A, Venezuela. EM torresj@mailandnews.com NR 19 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2004 VL 10 IS 7 BP 1304 EP 1306 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 835CF UT WOS:000222456800020 PM 15324555 ER PT J AU Mahalanobis, A Muise, RR Stanfill, SR Van Nevel, A AF Mahalanobis, A Muise, RR Stanfill, SR Van Nevel, A TI Design and application of quadratic correlation filters for target detection SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL IMPLEMENTATION; CLASSIFICATION; RECOGNITION AB We introduce a method for designing and implementing quadratic correlation filters (QCFs) for shift-invariant target detection in imagery. The QCFs are a quadratic classifier that operates directly on the image data without feature extraction or segmentation. In this sense, the QCFs retain the main advantages of conventional linear correlation filters while offering significant improvements in other respects. Not only is more processing required to detect peaks in the outputs of multiple linear filters, but choosing a winner among them is an error prone task. On the other hand, all channels in a QCF work together to optimize the same performance metric and produce a combined output that leads to considerable simplification of the postprocessing scheme. In addition, QCFs also yield better performance than their linear counterparts for comparable throughput requirements. Two different methods for designing basis functions that optimize the QCF performance criterion are presented. An efficient architecture for implementing QCFs is discussed along with a case study of the proposed approach for detecting targets in LADAR imagery. C1 Lockheed Martin, Missiles & Fire Control, Orlando, FL 32819 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Dept Res, Image & Signal Proc Branch,Sensor & Signals Sci D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Lockheed Martin, Missiles & Fire Control, MP 450,5600 Sandlake Rd, Orlando, FL 32819 USA. NR 18 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9251 EI 1557-9603 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 40 IS 3 BP 837 EP 850 DI 10.1109/TAES.2004.1337458 PG 14 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 867ZW UT WOS:000224882600006 ER PT J AU Paris, AC Bonner, M AF Paris, AC Bonner, M TI Nonlinear model development from flight-test data for F/A-18E super hornet SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference CY AUG, 2003 CL AUSTIN, TEXAS SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut AB Applied procedures for nonlinear aerodynamic model development and extraction from flight data for the F/A-18E Super Hornet aircraft are addressed. Parameter identification maneuver design, flight-test support technique, and aerodynamic model development are included. All-axis 3-2-1-1 maneuvers were designed to best excite the longitudinal and lateral-directional system natural frequencies of interest. The work was in support of leading edge flap degraded modes studies for the F/A-18E aircraft investigated by the Naval Air Systems Command. In this flight-test program, the effect of off-schedule, differentially frozen, leading-edge flaps was examined with the aircraft in power-approach configuration. A variety of processes was employed to develop fully nonlinear longitudinal and lateral-directional aerodynamic incremental model corrections. This effort included total aerodynamic coefficient reconstruction from flight-test data and equation error analysis for model structure development/estimation. The available data allowed for the successful extraction of incremental coefficients for aerodynamic forces and moments that resulted in an engineering simulation with increased aerodynamic fidelity in the configurations examined. C1 Sci Applicat Int Corp, Lexington Pk, MD 20653 USA. Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Paris, AC (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, Lexington Pk, MD 20653 USA. EM alfonso.paris@saic.com; michael.bonner@navy.mil NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 41 IS 4 BP 692 EP 702 DI 10.2514/1.3167 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 844RZ UT WOS:000223178700002 ER PT J AU Lin, BC Vora, GJ Thach, D Walter, E Metzgar, D Tibbetts, C Stenger, DA AF Lin, BC Vora, GJ Thach, D Walter, E Metzgar, D Tibbetts, C Stenger, DA TI Use of oligonucleotide microarrays for rapid detection and serotyping of acute respiratory disease-associated adenoviruses SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; RESTRICTION-ENDONUCLEASE ANALYSIS; VIRUS-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS; MULTIPLEX PCR ASSAY; TYPE-4 INFECTION; LARGE EPIDEMIC; GENERAL PCR; IDENTIFICATION; DNA; DIAGNOSIS AB The cessation of the adenovirus vaccination program for military trainees has resulted in several recent acute respiratory disease (ARD) outbreaks. In the absence of vaccination, rapid detection methods are necessary for the timely implementation of measures to prevent adenovirus transmission within military training facilities. To this end, we have combined a fluorogenic real-time multiplex PCR assay with four sets of degenerate PCR primers that target the E1A, fiber, and hexon genes with a long oligonucleotide microarray capable of identifying the most common adenovirus serotypes associated with adult respiratory tract infections (serotypes 3, 4, 7, 16, and 21) and a representative member of adenovirus subgroup C (serotype 6) that is a common cause of childhood ARD and that often persists into adulthood. Analyses with prototype strains demonstrated unique hybridization patterns for representative members of adenovirus subgroups B-1, B-2, C-1, and E, thus allowing serotype determination. Microarray-based sensitivity assessments revealed lower detection limits (between I and 100 genomic copies) for adenovirus serotype 4 (Ad4) and Ad7 cell culture lysates, clinical nasal washes, and throat swabs and purified DNA from clinical samples. When adenovirus was detected from coded clinical samples, the results obtained by this approach demonstrated an excellent concordance with those obtained by the more established method of adenovirus identification as well as by cell culture with fluorescent-antibody staining. Finally, the utility of this method was further supported by its ability to detect adenoviral coinfections, contamination, and, potentially, recombination events. Taken together, the results demonstrate the usefulness of the simple and rapid diagnostic method developed for the unequivocal identification of ARD-associated adenoviral serotypes from laboratory or clinical samples that can be completed in 1.5 to 4.0 h. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USAF, SGX, Epidem Outbreak Surveillance Consortium, Falls Church, VA USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Resp Dis Lab, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Stenger, DA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900,4555 Overlook Ave SW,Bldg 30, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dstenger@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil RI Lin, Baochuan/A-8390-2009 OI Lin, Baochuan/0000-0002-9484-0785 NR 37 TC 48 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 42 IS 7 BP 3232 EP 3239 DI 10.1128/JCM.42.7.3232-3239.2004 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 837WN UT WOS:000222672100056 PM 15243087 ER PT J AU Aldous, M AF Aldous, M TI Introduction to reference work in the digital age SO JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION LA English DT Book Review C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Wilkins Biomed Lib, San Diego, CA USA. RP Aldous, M (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Wilkins Biomed Lib, San Diego, CA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 65 EAST WACKER PLACE, STE 1900, CHICAGO, IL 60601-7298 USA SN 1536-5050 J9 J MED LIBR ASSOC JI J. Med. Libr. Assoc. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 92 IS 3 BP 380 EP 380 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 836UL UT WOS:000222581200019 ER PT J AU Smith, TC Corbeil, TE Ryan, MAK Heller, JM Gray, GC AF Smith, TC Corbeil, TE Ryan, MAK Heller, JM Gray, GC TI In-theater hospitalizations of US and allied personnel during the 1991 Gulf War SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE environmental exposure; hospitalization; military medicine; morbidity; occupational exposure; Persian Gulf syndrome; veterans ID DEPARTMENT-OF-DEFENSE; POPULATION-BASED SURVEY; MILITARY PERSONNEL; CHEMICAL WARFARE; VETERANS; HEALTH; MORTALITY; ILLNESS; FORCES; EXPERIENCE AB The postwar morbidity of Gulf War veterans has been closely examined. However, data have not been available to evaluate morbidity suffered during the 1991 Gulf War. In this report, the authors examine archived records of hospitalizations in US military facilities in the Kuwaiti theater of operations or those medically evacuated to facilities in Europe. Using multivariable logistic regression modeling, the authors determined that service personnel at greatest odds for "in-theater" hospitalization were enlisted, female, White, Reservist, Army, and health care workers. No increase in odds was observed for oil well fire smoke exposure or possible exposure to the nerve agent hazard areas. Although these data may be incomplete, they represent the best-known data reflecting in-theater hospitalizations during the Gulf War of 1991 and show remarkable similarities in risk factors to those for postwar hospitalization. C1 US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. USA, Deployment Environm Surveillance Program, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Smith, TC (reprint author), US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM Smith@nhrc.navy.mil NR 37 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2004 VL 159 IS 11 BP 1064 EP 1076 DI 10.1093/aje/kwh152 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 822RH UT WOS:000221557100007 PM 15155291 ER PT J AU Connolly, BJ Meng, Q Moran, AL McCaw, RL AF Connolly, BJ Meng, Q Moran, AL McCaw, RL TI Mechanical and precorroded fatigue properties of coated aluminium aircraft skin system as function of various thermal spray processes SO CORROSION ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE corrosion; immersion test; thermal spraying; flame spraying; plasma spraying; high velocity oxyfuel (HVOF); aluminium ID COATINGS; STRENGTH AB Aluminium coatings deposited on AA2024-T3 by the flame arc, atmospheric plasma and high velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) processes were evaluated using quantitative metallography, microhardness, adhesion, three point bend and conventional fatigue tests as well as fatigue tests on precorroded samples. Comparison of the microstructures, mechanical properties, and the fatigue and precorroded fatigue properties of samples with the three types of thermal spray coating, as well as samples of bare AA2024-T3 and Alclad AA2024-T3, revealed that HVOF is the most promising thermal spray process for the deposition of aluminium coatings, and, in particular, HVOF coatings greatly increase the fatigue and precorroded fatigue lifetimes of the AA2024-T3 substrate. C1 USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Naval Sea Syst Command, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Connolly, BJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM amoran@usna.edu; mccawRL@nswccd.navy.mil NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA HUDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLAND SN 1478-422X J9 CORROS ENG SCI TECHN JI Corros. Eng. Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 39 IS 2 BP 137 EP 142 DI 10.1179/147842204225016958 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 848XM UT WOS:000223501400014 ER PT J AU Finley, JC O'Leary, M Wester, D MacKenzie, S Shepard, N Farrow, S Lockette, W AF Finley, JC O'Leary, M Wester, D MacKenzie, S Shepard, N Farrow, S Lockette, W TI A genetic polymorphism of the alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor increases autonomic responses to stress SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE motion sickness; baroreceptors; lower body negative pressure; hypertension; single-nucleotide polymorphism ID ESSENTIAL-HYPERTENSION; MOTION SICKNESS; NORMOTENSIVE HUMANS; CONSCIOUS RABBITS; CLONIDINE; SUBTYPE; NATRIURESIS; REACTIVITY; BAROREFLEX; BLACKS AB We hypothesized that individual differences in autonomic responses to psychological, physiological, or environmental stresses are inherited, and exaggerated autonomic responsiveness may represent an intermediate phenotype that can contribute to the development of essential hypertension in humans over time. alpha(2)-Adrenergic receptors (alpha(2)-ARs), encoded by a gene on chromosome 10, are found in the central nervous system and also mediate release of norepinephrine from the presynaptic nerve terminals of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system and the exocytosis of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla. We postulated that, because this receptor mediates central and peripheral autonomic responsiveness to stress, genetic mutations in the gene encoding this receptor may explain contrasting activity of the autonomic nervous system among individuals. The restriction enzyme Dra I identifies a polymorphic site in the 3'-transcribed, but not translated, portion of the gene encoding the chromosome 10 alpha(2)-AR. Southern blotting of genomic DNA with a cDNA probe after restriction enzyme digestion results in fragments that are either 6.7 kb or 6.3 kb in size. Transfection studies of these two genotypes resulted in contrasting expression of a reporter gene, and it is suggested from these findings that this is a functional polymorphism. In a study of 194 healthy subjects, we measured autonomic responses to provocative motion, a fall in blood pressure induced by decreasing venous return and cardiac output, or exercise. Specifically, we measured reactions to 1) Coriolis stress, a strong stimulus that induces motion sickness in man; 2) heart rate responses to the fall in blood pressure induced by the application of graded lower body negative pressure; and 3) exercise-induced sweat secretion. In all of these paradigms of stress, subjective and objective evidence of increased autonomic responsiveness was found in those individuals harboring the 6.3-kb allele. Specifically, volunteers with the 6.3-kb allele had greater signs and symptoms of motion sickness mediated by the autonomic nervous system after off-axis rotation at increasing velocity (number of head movements a subject could complete during rotation before emesis +/- SE: 295+/-18 vs. 365+/-11; P=0.001). They also had greater increases in heart rate in responses to the lower body negative pressure-induced fall in blood pressure (increase in heart rate +/- SE: 3.0+/-0.4 vs. 1.8+/-0.3; P=0.012), and the 6.3-kb group had higher sweat sodium concentrations during exercise (mean sweat sodium concentration in meq/l over 30 min of exercise +/- SE: 43.2+/-7.1 vs. 27.6+/-3.4; P<0.05). This single-nucleotide polymorphism may contribute to contrasting individual differences in autonomic responsiveness among healthy individuals. C1 Naval Special Warfare Command, Special Projects, San Diego, CA 92155 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurosurg, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Audiol, Speech Pathol & Balance Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Lockette, W (reprint author), Naval Special Warfare Command, Special Projects, 2000 Trident Way,Bldg 624, San Diego, CA 92155 USA. EM ridiculo@umich.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [2R01 HL-50849, 1T35 HL-07862] NR 33 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 96 IS 6 BP 2231 EP 2239 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00527.2003 PG 9 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 819EJ UT WOS:000221296600031 PM 14742450 ER PT J AU Freedland, SJ Terris, MK Csathy, GS Kane, CJ Amling, CL Presti, JC Dorey, F Aronson, WJ AF Freedland, SJ Terris, MK Csathy, GS Kane, CJ Amling, CL Presti, JC Dorey, F Aronson, WJ CA Search Database Study Grp TI Preoperative model for predicting prostate specific antigen recurrence after radical prostatectomy using percent of biopsy tissue with cancer, biopsy Gleason grade and serum prostate specific antigen SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostate; prostatic neoplasms; prostatectomy; prostate-specific antigen; recurrence ID BEAM RADIATION-THERAPY; SEARCH DATABASE; EXTRACAPSULAR EXTENSION; DISEASE RECURRENCE; POSITIVE BIOPSIES; CORES; STAGE; RISK; PSA; INTERMEDIATE AB Purpose: We developed a preoperative model to risk stratify patients for prostate specific antigen (PSA) failure following radical prostatectomy (RP) and identify those at high risk who would be potential candidates for neoadjuvant clinical trials. Materials and Methods: A retrospective survey of 459 patients from the SEARCH Database treated with RP between 1990 and 2002 was done. Multivariate analysis was used to compare the preoperative variables of patient age, race, PSA, biopsy Gleason score, clinical stage and percent of prostate needle biopsy tissue with cancer for the ability to predict time to PSA recurrence following RP. Significant independent predictors were combined to create a novel risk grouping model. Results: On multivariate analysis biopsy Gleason score (p < 0.001), percent of biopsy tissue with cancer (p < 0.001) and serum PSA (p = 0.001) were the only significant independent predictors of PSA failure. Combining these 3 significant predictors of PSA failure using previously published cutoff points for each variable generated a 4 tier preoperative model for predicting biochemical failure following RP (HR 1.91 for each 1 risk category increase, CI 1.62 to 2.26, p < 0.001). The model further stratified patients who were already stratified into low, intermediate and high risk groups based on a previously described model using PSA, biopsy Gleason score and clinical stage. A simplified table was developed to predict the risk of biochemical recurrence within 2 years following surgery, as stratified by percent of tissue with cancer, PSA and biopsy Gleason score. Conclusions: A combination of serum PSA, biopsy Gleason score and percent of prostate biopsy tissue with cancer define a new preoperative model for predicting PSA failure following RP. This model further stratified patients who were already stratified based on PSA, biopsy Gleason score and clinical stage, and it can be used preoperatively to identify patients at high risk who would be candidates for neoadjuvant clinical trials. Using this model an easy to use table was developed to predict preoperatively the 2-year risk of PSA recurrence following RP. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Urol Sect, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Sect, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Urol, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Diego Naval Hosp, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Freedland, SJ (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM sfreedl1@jhmi.edu OI Terris, Martha/0000-0002-3843-7270 NR 20 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 171 IS 6 BP 2215 EP 2220 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000124463.13319.0a PN 1 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 822BV UT WOS:000221510300021 PM 15126788 ER PT J AU Skopec, M Price, J Guardala, N Loew, M Moscovitch, M AF Skopec, M Price, J Guardala, N Loew, M Moscovitch, M TI The effect of radiation exposure order on thermoluminescent dosimeter response from mixed photon and proton irradiations SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 46th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Physicists-in-Medicine CY JUL 25-29, 2004 CL Pittsburgh, PA SP Amer Assoc Physicists Med C1 NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICISTS MEDICINE AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 31 IS 6 BP 1920 EP 1920 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 832HW UT WOS:000222259100976 ER PT J AU Merrill, LL Stander, VA Thomsen, CJ Crouch, JL Milner, JS AF Merrill, LL Stander, VA Thomsen, CJ Crouch, JL Milner, JS TI Childhood exposure to family violence and attrition in the Navy SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SEXUAL-ABUSE; IMPACT AB In a prospective study of U.S. Navy recruits (n = 5,491), we examined the relationship between childhood exposure to family violence (child physical abuse, child sexual abuse [CSA], and domestic violence) and attrition. Overall, 55% of recruits experienced one or more forms of childhood family violence and 34% of recruits attrited within 4 years after enlistment. Considered separately, each form of childhood violence was significantly associated with attrition. When considered simultaneously, all three types of childhood violence were associated with attrition in men, but only CSA was associated with attrition in women. Men and women who experienced all three types of childhood violence were 303% and 139%, respectively, more likely to attrite than recruits who reported no childhood violence. In analyses examining the timing of attrition, CSA was associated with early attrition, whereas child physical abuse and domestic violence were unrelated to timing of attrition. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Dept, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Psychol, Ctr Study Family Violence & Sexual Assault, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Merrill, LL (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Dept, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 169 IS 6 BP 465 EP 469 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IX UT WOS:000235829900012 PM 15281678 ER PT J AU Rossi, J Bekkedal, MYV McInturf, SM McDougle, FJ Lenger, A Allen, CT Arfsten, DP AF Rossi, J Bekkedal, MYV McInturf, SM McDougle, FJ Lenger, A Allen, CT Arfsten, DP TI Failure to detect differences in the neurobehavioral development of rats following in utero and pre-weanling exposure to depleted uranium. SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 20th International Neurotoxicology Conference CY NOV 18-21, 2002 CL LITTLE ROCK, AR C1 EHEL, NHRC, Neurobehav Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 25 IS 4 BP 718 EP 719 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 830KW UT WOS:000222121900156 ER PT J AU Mehta, R Keawwattana, W Guenthner, AL Kyu, T AF Mehta, R Keawwattana, W Guenthner, AL Kyu, T TI Role of curvature elasticity in sectorization and ripple formation during melt crystallization of polymer single crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SYNDIOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE FRACTIONS; CURVED EDGES; NUCLEATION THEORY; GROWTH; MORPHOLOGY; MODEL; SIMULATION; EQUATIONS; ORDER AB The present article focuses on theoretical elucidation of possible effect of mechanical deformation on spatio-temporal emergence of unusual polymer morphology subjected to quiescent isothermal crystallization conditions. The present theory developed is based on a phase field model consisted of non-conserved time dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation having an asymmetric double well potential in the crystal order parameter signifying metastability for crystallization, coupled with the chain tilt angle involving curvature elasticity and strain recovery potentials. Under quiescent crystallization conditions, the curvature elasticity term is needed to discern the emergence of sectorized single crystals. Upon coupling with the strain recovery potential, the numerical calculation captures ripple formation running across the long lamellar growth front, which may be attributed to lamellar buckling caused by the volume shrinkage. Of particular interest is that these simulated topologies of the single crystals are in good accord with the growth character of syndiotactic polypropylene single crystals observed experimentally by us during isothermal crystallization from the melt. C1 Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Kyu, T (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. EM tkyu@uakron.edu NR 50 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 2004 VL 69 IS 6 AR 061802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.061802 PN 1 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 835RH UT WOS:000222502700079 PM 15244609 ER PT J AU Lallas, CD Preminger, GM Pearle, MS Leveillee, RJ Lingeman, JE Schwope, JP Pietrow, PK Auge, BK AF Lallas, CD Preminger, GM Pearle, MS Leveillee, RJ Lingeman, JE Schwope, JP Pietrow, PK Auge, BK TI Internet based multi-institutional clinical research: A convenient and secure option SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Internet; biomedical research; clinical trials; cooperative behavior; data collection ID DATA-ACQUISITION; TRIALS; MULTICENTER; WEB; SURGERY; CARE AB Purpose: As randomized, prospective trials have become an integral part of clinical research, multi-institutional, collaborative research has become a necessity. However, it may be cumbersome for participants at remote facilities to participate because the submission and compilation of data and results are at times lengthy processes. Internet based clinical studies have been found to be a rapid, easily accessible, safe and secure method of performing multi-institutional trials. Materials and Methods: The Internet was used at geographically distant medical centers to enroll patients into a multi-institutional, prospective, randomized trial for the management of lower pole renal calculi. The Clinical Research Web-based Information Center secure computer web based program (Simplified Clinical Data Systems, Amherst, New Hampshire) was established to input preliminary demographic and clinical data, randomize patients, and collect treatment and followup information without paper chart documentation. The primary investigators in the study were sent a questionnaire to determine the ease of use of this Internet based program. The results were tabulated. Results: A total of 112 patients from 21 participating institutions were randomized into the secure web site for inclusion into a lower pole renal stone clinical trial. Of the investigators 64% responded to the questionnaire. The majority of those having enrolled patients into the study reported no difficulties or only minimal difficulties in navigating the web site. Moreover, investigators from remote locations throughout North America described the improved convenience, rapid transmission of information, and ability to review and update patient data as benefits of enrolling patients using the Internet. The Internet based system also permits the prompt compilation of data at the host research site for performing interim data assessments and eventually the final analysis. Conclusions: A web based data collection center allows for large, multi-institutional trials to be done with unprecedented accuracy and efficiency. Through centralization of data capture, and real-time study monitoring and data analysis the system removes these responsibilities from those at individual test sites, permitting investigators to concentrate instead on other aspects of the study and its progress. State-of-the-art security protects all information to ensure confidentiality. The Internet may prove to be an invaluable tool in the future of clinical research. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Urol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Urol, Dallas, TX 75230 USA. Univ Miami, Dept Urol, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Methodist Hosp Indiana Inc, Dept Urol, Indianapolis, IN USA. Boston Sci Corp, Natick, MA USA. Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA. RP Auge, BK (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Urol, 34730 Bob Wilson Dr,Bldg 3,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM bkauge@nmcsd.med.navy.mil RI Preminger, Glenn/B-3990-2011 OI Preminger, Glenn/0000-0003-4287-602X NR 13 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 171 IS 5 BP 1880 EP 1885 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000120221.39184.3c PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 812XS UT WOS:000220872800032 PM 15076298 ER PT J AU Oates, DE Park, SH Agassi, D Koren, G AF Oates, DE Park, SH Agassi, D Koren, G TI Temperature dependence of intermodulation distortion in YBCO SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity (EUCAS 2003) CY SEP 14-18, 2003 CL Sorrento, ITALY ID YBA2CU3O7-X THIN-FILMS; STRIPLINE RESONATORS; SURFACE-RESISTANCE; SUPERCONDUCTORS; IMPEDANCE; WAVE AB Measurements of the intermodulation distortion (IMD) as a function of temperature from 1.7 K to T-c in YBa2Cu3O7-delta are presented. Films of the highest quality show an increase in IMD as the temperature decreases for temperatures below approximately 30 K. Films of lower quality do not show the increase in the temperature range measured. The increase is in qualitative agreement with that predicted by the nonlinear Meissner effect in d-wave superconductors. The temperature dependence of the measurements is compared with a new calculation of the nonlinear penetration depth. C1 MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. MIT, Dept EECS, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Technion Israel Inst Technol, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RP Oates, DE (reprint author), MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. NR 18 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 17 IS 5 SI SI BP S290 EP S294 AR PII S0953-2048(04)71777-7 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/17/5/039 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 825XS UT WOS:000221792700040 ER PT J AU Bekkedal, MYV Arfsten, D Mattie, D AF Bekkedal, MYV Arfsten, D Mattie, D TI An evaluation of neurobehavioral tests used to assess the neurodevelopmental effects of early ammonium perchlorate exposure SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference on Toxicology and Risk Assessment CY APR 28-MAY 01, 2003 CL Fairborn, OH ID THYROID-HORMONE ACTION; DRINKING-WATER; BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM; IODINE DEFICIENCY; NEVADA COUNTIES; RAT-BRAIN; MODEL; THYROXINE; PREGNANCY AB Perchlorate is an anion known to interfere with normal production of thyroid hormones that are integrally involved in the development of the central nervous system and neurobehavioral capacities. Given the identification of drinking water contamination with perchlorate, there are efforts to investigate the effects of exposure in developing fetuses and children in order to guide the establishment of regulatory standards. Systematic neurobehavioral investigations in animal models have been completed to evaluate neurodevelopmental consequences of exposures at different concentrations in drinking water. However, these investigations have not directly addressed the public concern for increased incidences of childhood attention deficit disorders, autism, and lowered IQs of children in areas with known contamination. Although epidemiological data suggest there is not a relationship between drinking-water perchlorate exposure and these childhood disorders, it may be prudent to use animal models to systematically assess the potential for such problems. Given the behavioral complexity of these problems, an appropriate evaluation will require the use of nontraditional neurobehavioral tests such as operant conditioning tasks of varying levels of complexity, and juvenile rat play. Such tests will provide a more direct evaluation of the potential for attention deficits, autism, and lowered IQ scores related to thyroid hormone disruption due to early perchlorate exposure. C1 Wisconsin Bur Environm Hlth, Madison, WI 53701 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Toxicol Detachment, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. AFRL, HEST, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Bekkedal, MYV (reprint author), Wisconsin Bur Environm Hlth, 1 W Wilson St,POB 2659, Madison, WI 53701 USA. EM bekkemy@dhfs.state.wi.us NR 74 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PD APR 23 PY 2004 VL 67 IS 8-10 BP 835 EP 844 DI 10.1080/15287390490428297 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 814CI UT WOS:000220952400017 PM 15192872 ER PT J AU Ligon, SC Topping, CM Jin, JY Fallis, S Irvin, JA Desmarteau, DD Smith, DW AF Ligon, SC Topping, CM Jin, JY Fallis, S Irvin, JA Desmarteau, DD Smith, DW TI Synthesis and thermal characterization of perfluorocyclobutyl (PFCB) polymers containing crown ether vertebrae SO MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE crown ethers; fluoropolymers; polyamides ID RINGS; POLYETHERS; POLYUREAS AB The synthesis and polymerization of novel 18-crown-6 and 24-crown-8 bis aryl trifluorovinyl ethers is described. Thermally induced polymerization yields linear crown ether fluoropolymers with hexafluorocyclobutyl linkages. The polymers exhibit T-g's above 120 degreesC and show good thermal stability with no appreciable weight loss below 350 degreesC. Incorporation of crown ether macrocycles into the polymer is expected to increase cationic uptake of an otherwise electroneutral fluoropolymer. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USN, Air Warefare Ctr, Weapons Div, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Smith, DW (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM dwsmith@clemson.edu RI Jin, Jianyong/G-8274-2012; Irvin, Jennifer/C-7968-2013; OI Irvin, Jennifer/0000-0003-3500-8419; Jin, Jianyong/0000-0002-5521-6277 NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1022-1352 J9 MACROMOL CHEM PHYSIC JI Macromol. Chem. Phys. PD APR 23 PY 2004 VL 205 IS 6 BP 801 EP 805 DI 10.1002/macp.200300101 PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 819KZ UT WOS:000221315100012 ER PT J AU Freedland, SJ Aronson, WJ Presti, JC Amling, CL Terris, MK Trock, B Kane, CJ AF Freedland, SJ Aronson, WJ Presti, JC Amling, CL Terris, MK Trock, B Kane, CJ TI Predictors of prostate-specific antigen progression among men with seminal vesicle invasion at the time of radical prostatectomy SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE prostate carcinoma; radical prostatectomy; prostate-specific antigen recurrence; seminal vesicle invasion; Gleason score ID SEXTANT BIOPSIES; PROGNOSTIC-SIGNIFICANCE; CANCER; RECURRENCE; INVOLVEMENT; ADENOCARCINOMA; RADIOTHERAPY; FAILURE; RACE; RISK AB BACKGROUND. Seminal vesicle (SV) invasion at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP) generally is considered to be indicative of poor outcome. The authors examined whether there was a subset of men with SV invasion who had long-term prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression-free survival. METHODS. Data were examined from 1687 men who underwent RP between 1988 and 2002 at 5 equal-access medical centers. Patients were grouped based on the presence or absence of SV invasion at the time of RP. Clinical and pathologic variables as well as biochemical outcome data were compared across the groups using rank-sum, chi-square, and log-rank tests. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to determine the significant predictors of time to PSA failure among men with SV invasion. RESULTS. Men with SV invasion had significantly higher PSA values, higher clinical stage, higher grade tumors, and were more likely to have concomitant extracapsular extension or a positive surgical margin. The 5-year PSA progression-free rates for men who had SV invasion was 36%, compared with 70% among men who had no SV invasion. Among men who had SV invasion, using multivariate analysis, only age (P = 0.023), pathologic Gleason score (P = 0.041), and surgical margin status (P = 0.019) were found to be independent predictors of PSA failure. By combining significant prognostic variables, the authors identified a subset of men with SV invasion, low-grade tumors (Gleason score 2-6), and negative surgical margins who had a 5-year PSA progression-free rate of 69%. Men with SV invasion, Gleason scores 2-6 tumors, negative surgical margins, and age greater than or equal to 60 years (n = 11; 8%) had a 5-year PSA progression-free rate of 100%. CONCLUSIONS. Although the majority of men with SV invasion have high-grade disease and a short time to biochemical failure, the authors identified a subset of men with low-grade disease, negative surgical margins, and older age who, despite SV invasion, had an extremely favorable clinical course. Thus, SV invasion does not uniformly suggest an unfavorable prognosis. (C) 2004 American Cancer Society. C1 Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Urol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. San Diego Naval Hosp, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. Med Coll Georgia, Div Urol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. San Francisco Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Sect, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Freedland, SJ (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Urol, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM sfreedl1@jhmi.edu OI Terris, Martha/0000-0002-3843-7270 NR 21 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD APR 15 PY 2004 VL 100 IS 8 BP 1633 EP 1638 DI 10.1002/cncr.20122 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 810TA UT WOS:000220725400011 PM 15073850 ER PT J AU Ryan, MAK AF Ryan, MAK TI Unnecessary losses - Deaths in military recruit training SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, DoD, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Ryan, MAK (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, DoD, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM ryan@nhrc.navy.mil NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2004 VL 26 IS 3 BP 250 EP 251 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2003.12.006 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 804SU UT WOS:000220319200011 PM 15026107 ER PT J AU Jagoe, JM Magann, EF Chauhan, SP Morrison, JC AF Jagoe, JM Magann, EF Chauhan, SP Morrison, JC TI Does the frequency of outpatient visits in addition to the regularly scheduled prenatal visits identify a poor pregnancy outcome? SO AUSTRALIAN & NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE outpatient visits; pregnancy; prenatal visits ID SOCIAL SUPPORT; ANTENATAL CARE AB Do extra outpatient visits, in addition to regularly scheduled visits, identify a pregnancy at risk of an adverse outcome? This prospective investigation analysed additional outpatient visits, by low-risk obstetric patients. One hundred and sixty-two women were evaluated with one to two additional visits and 66 had three or more visits. Antepartum and intrapartum pregnancy complications between groups was similar suggesting that frequency of additional visits does not identify a pregnancy at risk for an adverse outcome. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Western Australia, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. Spartanburg Reg Healthcare Syst, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Spartanburg, SC USA. Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. RP Morrison, JC (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 2500 N State St, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. EM jmorrison@ob-gyn.umsmed.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0004-8666 J9 AUST NZ J OBSTET GYN JI Aust. N. Z. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 44 IS 2 BP 149 EP 151 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 949UZ UT WOS:000230814900013 PM 15089840 ER PT J AU Parr, T Hanson-Parr, D AF Parr, T Hanson-Parr, D TI Cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine/glycidyl azide polymer/butanetriol trinitrate propellant flame structure SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine; glycidyl azide polymer; butanetriol trinitrate; flame structure; combustion diagnostics ID LASER-INDUCED DECOMPOSITION; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; ENERGETIC MATERIALS; POLYMER GAP; RDX; COMBUSTION; TEMPERATURE; DIAGNOSTICS; PYROLYSIS; PRODUCTS AB The nonintrusive techniques of planar laser-induced fluorescence, ultraviolet/visible absorption spectroscopy, and spontaneous laser Raman spectroscopy were used to map out species and temperature profiles above the surface of self-deflagating cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX)/glycidyl azide polymer (GAP)/butanetriol trinitrate (BTTN) model propellant with a pseudo premixed flame. CO, H2O, NO2, and H2CO were found to be the major species at the surface, NO, CO, H2O, and HCN in the dark zone, and CO, H-2, H2O, and CO2 in the burnt gases. A dark zone of about 1400-1450 K was observed in which the NO and HCN concentrations were at their highest, about 15.5 and 13.5 mol%, respectively. NO2 peaked close to the surface at about 5 mol%. Formaldehyde and N2O were also observed in the gas phase, peaking at the surface at about 7 and 8 mol%, respectively. Thermal diffusivity and specific heat capacity as a function of temperature were also measured. Analysis of thermocouple measurements showed a surface temperature of 785 K. Comparisons are made between this propellant and the previously investigated cyclotetramethylene trinitramine (RDX) analog. (C) 2004 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Air Syst Command, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Parr, T (reprint author), USN, Air Syst Command, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM timothy.parr@navy.mil NR 44 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD APR PY 2004 VL 137 IS 1-2 BP 38 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.01.001 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 813LK UT WOS:000220908400002 ER PT J AU Blasiole, DA Metzgar, D Daum, LT Ryan, MAK Wu, JG Wills, C Le, CT Freed, NE Hansen, CJ Gray, GC Russell, KL AF Blasiole, DA Metzgar, D Daum, LT Ryan, MAK Wu, JG Wills, C Le, CT Freed, NE Hansen, CJ Gray, GC Russell, KL TI Molecular analysis of adenovirus isolates from vaccinated and unvaccinated young adults SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; GENOME TYPES; TYPE-7; HEXON; MILITARY; IMMUNIZATION; INFECTIONS; RESOLUTION; SEROTYPES; SELECTION AB Infections of adenovirus type 4 (Ad4) and Ad7 were discovered among previously vaccinated individuals through febrile respiratory illness surveillance at military recruit camps. Genetic analysis was performed on these isolates and a sample of adenovirus isolates from unvaccinated patients. Antigenic regions of the adenovirus hexon gene from 21 vaccinated and 31 unvaccinated patients were sequenced and compared to homologous regions of Ad4 and Ad7 vaccine strains and of other representative hexon sequences archived in GenBank. The phylogenetic distribution of sequences from vaccinated individuals closely resembled those from unvaccinated individuals. The most common Ad7 strain was the Ad7d2 hexon genotype, and the most common Ad4 strain was a genotype nearly identical to the recently discovered Z-G 95-873 Ad4 variant. Near exclusive isolation of Ad4 since 1999 indicates that the Ad4 variant is currently responsible for the vast majority of adenovirus morbidity in military recruit camps. Different ratios of nonsynonymous to synonymous nucleotide substitution rates in known antigenic regions compared to nonantigenic regions indicated positive selection for diversity in the antigenic regions and purifying selection in the nonantigenic regions. C1 Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Dept Def, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Russell, KL (reprint author), Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Dept Def, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM russell@nhrc.navy.mil NR 28 TC 37 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2004 VL 42 IS 4 BP 1686 EP 1693 DI 10.1128/JCM.42.4.1686-1693.2004 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 814GK UT WOS:000220963000049 PM 15071026 ER PT J AU Smith, TC Jimenez, DL Smith, B Gray, GC Hooper, TI Gackstetter, GD Heller, JM Dalager, NA Kang, HK Hyams, KC Ryan, MAK AF Smith, TC Jimenez, DL Smith, B Gray, GC Hooper, TI Gackstetter, GD Heller, JM Dalager, NA Kang, HK Hyams, KC Ryan, MAK TI The postwar hospitalization experience of gulf war veterans participating in US health registries SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POPULATION-BASED SURVEY; SELF-REPORTED SYMPTOMS; PERSIAN-GULF; DESERT-STORM; UNEXPLAINED ILLNESSES; MILITARY PERSONNEL; ASSOCIATION; SERVICE; DEPLOYMENT; MORTALITY AB In response to concerns that W War veterans were experiencing increased morbidity resulting from wartime exposures in the Gulf War, the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Department of Defense (DoD) initiated clinical registries to provide systematic health evaluations for self-referred Gulf War veterans. The authors used Cox proportional hazard modeling with data from all DoD hospitals to estimate the probability of hospitalization resulting from any cause, resulting from diagnosis in a major diagnostic category, and resulting from a specific diagnosis of interest After adjusting for other risk factors, registry participants were 1.43 times more likely to have a postwar hospitalization than registry nonparticipants (95% confidence interval, 1.40-1.46). These findings support the hypothesis that registry participants were more likely to experience postwar morbidity than veterans who chose not to enroll in the health registries. C1 Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Army Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Deployment Environm Surveillance Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Environm Epidemiol Serv, Washington, DC USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Off Publ Hlth & Environm Hazards, Washington, DC USA. RP Smith, TC (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM Smith@nhrc.navy.mil NR 55 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD APR PY 2004 VL 46 IS 4 BP 386 EP 397 DI 10.1097/01.jom.0000121126.49292.69 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 811GL UT WOS:000220760300011 PM 15076657 ER PT J AU Nee, TW Nee, SMF AF Nee, TW Nee, SMF TI Polarization of holographic grating diffraction. I. General theory SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID THICK; WAVE; SURFACE; OPTICS AB The full polarization property of volume holographic grating diffraction is investigated theoretically. With a simple volume grating model, the diffracted fields and Mueller matrices are first derived from Maxwell's equations by using the Green's function algorithms. The formalism is derived for the general case that the diffraction beam and the grating wave vector are not in the plane of incidence, where s waves and p waves are not decoupled. The derived photon-momentum relations determine the Bragg angle selectivity. The parameters of diffraction,strength related to the hologram-writing process and material are defined and are not necessarily small in general. The diffracted-beam profiles are analytically calculated by using the known grating shape function. This theory has provided a fundamental understanding of the polarization phenomena of a real holographic diffraction grating device. The derived algorithm would provide a simulation-analysis tool for the engineering design of real holographic beam combiner/splitter devices. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Res Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Nee, TW (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Res Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM tsuwei.nee@navy.mil NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD APR PY 2004 VL 21 IS 4 BP 523 EP 531 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.21.000523 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 805TV UT WOS:000220389500007 PM 15078023 ER PT J AU Nee, TW Nee, SMF Kleinschmit, MW Shahriar, MS AF Nee, TW Nee, SMF Kleinschmit, MW Shahriar, MS TI Polarization of holographic grating diffraction. II. Experiment SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID THICK; WAVE; DEPOLARIZATION AB The transmittance, ellipsometric parameters, and depolarization of transmission, diffraction, and reflection of two volume holographic gratings (VHGs) are measured at a wavelength of 632.8 nm. The measured data are in good agreement with the theoretical simulated results, which demonstrated the correlation between the diffraction strength and the polarization properties of a VHG. Vector electromagnetic theory and polarization characterization are necessary for complete interpretation of the diffraction property of a VHG. The diffraction efficiency is measured at 532 run in a polarization-sensing experiment. The measured data and theoretical simulation have demonstrated the potential application of the holographic beam splitter for polarizationsensor technology. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Res Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Digital Opt Technol, Rolling Meadows, IL 60008 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Nee, TW (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Res Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM tsuwei.nee@navy.mil RI Shahriar, Selim/B-7270-2009 NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD APR PY 2004 VL 21 IS 4 BP 532 EP 539 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.21.000532 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 805TV UT WOS:000220389500008 PM 15078024 ER PT J AU Stauffer, AC Koss, DA McKirgan, JB AF Stauffer, AC Koss, DA McKirgan, JB TI Microstructural banding and failure of a stainless steel SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STRESS STATES; HY-100 STEEL; SIGMA-PHASE; FRACTURE; PRECIPITATION; FERRITE AB The presence of microstructural bands in AL-6XN stainless steel plate has been examined. The bands, which consist of a high density of second-phase particles, are located near the midthickness of the plate, range in thickness up to 300 mum, and are continuous over lengths up to 50 mm. Chemical analyses of the microstructural bands indicate elevated levels of chromium and molybdenum, while orientation imaging microscopy identified primarily sigma-phase particles within the bands; a small volume fraction of chi phase was also found. Tensile specimens oriented in the short transverse direction of the plate show low ductility and exhibit a large variation in failure strains, depending on the continuity of the bands as well as the presence of large precipitate particles within the bands. When oriented in either the longitudinal or the long transverse direction of the plate, circumferentially notched tensile specimens exhibit comparatively high ductility, although at high stress triaxialities, the material was susceptible to specimen splitting parallel to the tensile axis due to cracking along microstructural bands. C1 Penn State Univ, Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM koss@ems.psu.edu NR 26 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD APR PY 2004 VL 35A IS 4 BP 1317 EP 1324 DI 10.1007/s11661-004-0306-2 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 808XE UT WOS:000220601000014 ER PT J AU Stander, VA Hilton, SM Kennedy, KR Robbins, DL AF Stander, VA Hilton, SM Kennedy, KR Robbins, DL TI Surveillance of completed suicide in the Department of the Navy SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES-ARMY; PERSONNEL; POPULATION AB In 1999, the Department of the Navy (DoN) began a suicide surveillance program using the DoN Suicide Incident Report (DONSIR) to collect data on completed suicides in the Navy and Marine Corps. The DONSIR significantly advances the capability of DoN to track and analyze data on completed suicides over time. The long-term goal of this program is to improve suicide prevention by identifying and modifying military-specific risk factors. A DONSIR has been completed on 98% of the 200 DoN suicides that occurred from 1999 to 2001. Most DoN suicides occurred outside the military work environment and involved the use of a firearm. Most decedents were men, had experienced a recent relationship problem, and did not use any military support services in the 30 days before suicide. Results suggest that the promotion of support services may improve the effectiveness of DoN suicide prevention. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Navy Personnel Command, Millington, TN 38055 USA. US Marine Corps, Manpower & Reserve Affairs, Quantico, VA 22134 USA. RP Stander, VA (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2004 VL 169 IS 4 BP 301 EP 306 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IT UT WOS:000235829500012 PM 15132234 ER PT J AU Hofstadler, SA Ecker, DJ Blyn, LB Sampath, R Drader, J Jiang, Y Hannis, JC Hall, T Eshoo, M McNeil, J Robbins, D Knize, D Rudnick, K Moradi, E Moore, D Desai, A Penhune, J Sofianos, D Freed, N Russell, K AF Hofstadler, SA Ecker, DJ Blyn, LB Sampath, R Drader, J Jiang, Y Hannis, JC Hall, T Eshoo, M McNeil, J Robbins, D Knize, D Rudnick, K Moradi, E Moore, D Desai, A Penhune, J Sofianos, D Freed, N Russell, K TI High throughput mass spectrometry for the identification and typing of biowarfare agents and pathogens associated with emerging infectious diseases: The TIGER approach. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Ibis Therapeut, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, McLean, VA 22102 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, DoD Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 18-PHYS BP U247 EP U248 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655701263 ER PT J AU Wright, M AF Wright, M TI Synthesis of new silane-based bis(cyanate) ester monomers for SSE in high performance composite resins. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 227th ACS National Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Chem & Mat Div, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM Michael.Wright@navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 28 PY 2004 VL 227 MA 495-POLY BP U439 EP U439 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 851AK UT WOS:000223655702283 ER PT J AU Parker, S Roberts, D Kujawa, K AF Parker, S Roberts, D Kujawa, K TI Bioavailability of tyrosine SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 17-21, 2004 CL Washington, DC C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 24 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5 SU S BP A1294 EP A1294 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 806ZB UT WOS:000220470702555 ER PT J AU Skog, JH Morreale, AP Plowman, BK Rapier, R Dole, S AF Skog, JH Morreale, AP Plowman, BK Rapier, R Dole, S TI Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori testing and treatment in patients receiving long-term ulcer prophylaxis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Article ID NONULCER DYSPEPSIA; DUODENAL-ULCER; TRIPLE THERAPY; PEPTIC-ULCER; INFECTION; ERADICATION; MANAGEMENT; ADENOCARCINOMA; CLARITHROMYCIN; AMOXICILLIN AB The Notes section welcomes the following types of contributions: (1) practical innovations or solutions to everyday practice problems, (2) substantial updates or elaborations on work previously published by the same authors, (3) important confirmations of research findings previously published by others, and (4) short research reports, including practice surveys, of modest scope or interest. Notes should be submitted with AJHPs manuscript checklist. The text should be concise, and the number of references, tables, and figures should be limited. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Serv Pharm, San Diego, CA USA. VASDHCS, Serv Pharm, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Legacy Good Samaritan Hosp, Dept Pharm, Salem, OR USA. RP Skog, JH (reprint author), 2573 Oak Springs Dr, Chula Vista, CA 91915 USA. EM jilians@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD MAR 15 PY 2004 VL 61 IS 6 BP 608 EP 612 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 806BN UT WOS:000220409500014 PM 15061433 ER PT J AU Wegner, SA Wallace, MR Aronson, NE Tasker, SA Blazes, DL Tamminga, C Fraser, S Dolan, MJ Stephan, KT Michael, NL Jagodzinski, LL Vahey, MT Gilcrest, JL Tracy, L Milazzo, MJ Murphy, DJ McKenna, P Hertogs, K Rinehart, A Larder, B Birx, DL AF Wegner, SA Wallace, MR Aronson, NE Tasker, SA Blazes, DL Tamminga, C Fraser, S Dolan, MJ Stephan, KT Michael, NL Jagodzinski, LL Vahey, MT Gilcrest, JL Tracy, L Milazzo, MJ Murphy, DJ McKenna, P Hertogs, K Rinehart, A Larder, B Birx, DL CA RV 125 Ctrs Educ Res Therapeutics TI Long-term efficacy of routine access to antiretroviral-resistance testing in HIV type 1-infected patients: Results of the clinical efficacy of resistance testing trial SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DRUG-RESISTANCE; PHENOTYPIC RESISTANCE; ZIDOVUDINE RESISTANCE; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; THERAPY; INFECTION; PROTEASE; INDIVIDUALS; PREVALENCE; MUTATIONS AB The long-term efficacy of making resistance testing routinely available to clinicians has not been established. We conducted a clinical trial at 6 US military hospitals in which volunteers infected with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 were randomized to have routine access to phenotype resistance testing (PT arm), access to genotype resistance testing (GT arm), or no access to either test (VB arm). The primary outcome measure was time to persistent treatment failure despite change(s) in antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen. Overall, routine access to resistance testing did not significantly increase the time to end point. Time to end point was significantly prolonged in the PT arm for subjects with a history of treatment with greater than or equal to4 different ART regimens or a history of treatment with nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors before the study, compared with that in the VB arm. These results suggest that routine access to resistance testing can improve long-term virologic outcomes in HIV-infected patients who are treatment experienced but may not impact outcome in patients who are naive to or have had limited experience with ART. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Tri Serv AIDS Clin Consortium, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Portsmouth, VA USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Portsmouth, VA USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Virco Lab, Durham, NC USA. Virco BVBA, Mechelen, Belgium. Resistance Database Initiat, Cambridge, England. RP Wegner, SA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 30 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 5 BP 723 EP 730 DI 10.1086/381266 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 777EY UT WOS:000189163900017 PM 14986258 ER PT J AU Conway, TL Woodruff, SI Edwards, CC Elder, JP Hurtado, SL Hervig, LK AF Conway, TL Woodruff, SI Edwards, CC Elder, JP Hurtado, SL Hervig, LK TI Operation stay quit: Evaluation of two smoking relapse prevention strategies for women after involuntary cessation during US navy recruit training SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CIGARETTE-SMOKING; UNITED-STATES; PHYSICAL-FITNESS; RESPONSE RATES; YOUNG-WOMEN; POLICY; MILITARY; BEHAVIOR; INTERVENTION; PREVALENCE AB The present study evaluated two relapse-prevention interventions intended to help women smokers maintain the "quit status" mandated during Navy basic training. Women with any smoking experience before entering the Navy (N = 2,781) were assigned to either a control group or to one of two intervention groups (access to a telephone help line or receive a series of monthly mailings) after graduating from basic training. Smoking/quit rates at 3, 6, and 12 months after graduation were assessed with mailed surveys. Response rates to the surveys ranged from 39% to 52%. There were no phone or mail intervention effects: cessation rates for the three conditions at the 12-month follow-up were 43% for control, 45% for the mail intervention, and 41% for the phone intervention. Results suggest the need for more aggressive relapse-prevention efforts, although quit rates were higher than expected "spontaneous" quit rates, indicating an impact of the totally smoke-free recruit training environment. C1 San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Conway, TL (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, 9245 Sky Pk Court,Suite 120, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. NR 61 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 9 U2 9 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2004 VL 169 IS 3 BP 236 EP 242 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019IR UT WOS:000235829300016 PM 15080246 ER PT J AU Freedland, SJ Presti, JC Kane, CJ Aronson, WJ Terris, MK Dorey, F Amling, CL AF Freedland, SJ Presti, JC Kane, CJ Aronson, WJ Terris, MK Dorey, F Amling, CL CA Search Database Study Grp TI Do younger men have better biochemical outcomes after radical prostatectomy? SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXTERNAL-BEAM RADIATION; OF-DEFENSE CENTER; SEXTANT BIOPSIES; CANCER INCIDENCE; DISEASE RESEARCH; SEARCH DATABASE; FREE SURVIVAL; ANTIGEN; RECURRENCE; TRENDS AB Objectives. To examine the relationship between age and biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy (RP), controlling for the year of surgery. Prior studies have suggested that younger men have lower prostate-specific antigen recurrence rates after RP, although none of the prior studies had controlled for the year of surgery. Methods. We examined the data from 1753 men treated with RP between 1988 and 2002 at five equal access medical centers. We compared age, as a categorical variable according to decade of life (50 years old or younger, 51 to 60, 61 to 70, and older than 70 years), with the clinical and pathologic variables at RP, as well as the time to biochemical recurrence, using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. Results. Age was significantly related to the year of surgery, with the more recently treated patients being younger than less recently treated patients (P <0.001). After controlling for the year of surgery, the younger men had smaller prostates, fewer high-grade tumors on biopsy, and less lymph node metastasis, but a greater percentage of cores with cancer. On multivariate analysis, men 50 years old or younger had significantly lower recurrence rates than did the older men. Moreover, men older than 70 years had significantly greater prostate-specific antigen failure rates than men aged 51 to 70 years or men aged 50 years or younger. Conclusions. The average age of men undergoing RP has decreased with time. Independent of this, young men have more favorable outcomes after RP than older men. Continued screening to detect prostate cancer among younger men when it is most curable appears warranted. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Sect, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Med Coll Georgia, Div Urol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. San Diego Naval Hosp, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. RP Freedland, SJ (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. OI Terris, Martha/0000-0002-3843-7270 NR 26 TC 39 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD MAR PY 2004 VL 63 IS 3 BP 518 EP 522 DI 10.1016/j.urology.2003.10.045 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 803HZ UT WOS:000220223500020 PM 15028449 ER PT J AU Araneta, MRG Kamens, DR Zau, AC Gastanaga, VM Schlangen, KM Hiliopoulos, KM Gray, GC AF Araneta, MRG Kamens, DR Zau, AC Gastanaga, VM Schlangen, KM Hiliopoulos, KM Gray, GC TI Conception and pregnancy during the Persian Gulf War: The risk to women veterans SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ectopic pregnancy; fetal death; Gulf War; military personnel; spontaneous abortion; servicewomen ID OPERATION DESERT STORM; SPONTANEOUS-ABORTION; HEALTH-CARE; EXPOSURE; ASSOCIATION; EXPERIENCE; OUTCOMES; INFANTS; BIRTH; NEEDS AB PURPOSE: To enumerate Gulf-War (GW) exposed conceptions and to compare reproductive outcomes of GW-exposed pregnancies with postwar conceptions of women Gulf War veterans (GWV) and women nondeployed veterans (NDV). METHODS: Deployment data and inpatient records from 153 military hospitals identified servicewomen who were pregnant between August 1990 and May 1992 and belonged to military units that were deployed to the Gulf War. Postal surveys were used in 1997 and 1998 to elicit reproductive history; responses were validated against military hospitalization records. Reproductive outcomes of GW-exposed pregnancies were compared with postwar conceptions of women GWVs and NDVs. RESULTS: 3285 women had a pregnancy-related admission; of these, 1558 completed the questionnaire. Self-reported reproductive outcomes and dates, gestational data, and individual deployment dates identified 415 Gulf War-exposed pregnancies, 298 GWV postwar conceptions, and 427 NDV conceptions. Compared with NDV conceptions, adverse reproductive outcomes were similar among GW-exposed pregnancies. However, spontaneous abortions [NDV: 9.1%, GWV postwar: 22.8%, adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.92, 95% confidence interval (Cl): 1.9, 4.6] and ectopic pregnancies (NDV: 1.4%, GWV postwar: 10.7%, adjusted OR = 7.70, 95% Cl, 3.0, 20) were elevated for GWV postwar conceptions. CONCLUSION: GW-exposed conceptions and nondeployed conceptions had similar outcomes. However, GWV postwar conceptions were at increased risk for ectopic pregnancies and spontaneous abortions. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Dept Def, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Araneta, MRG (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, 9500 Gilman Dr,MC-0607, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM haraneta@ucsd.edu NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 14 IS 2 BP 109 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2003.08.006 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 777QF UT WOS:000189188500005 PM 15018883 ER PT J AU Merrill, LL Crouch, JL Thomsen, CJ Guimond, JM AF Merrill, LL Crouch, JL Thomsen, CJ Guimond, JM TI Risk for intimate partner violence and child physical abuse: Psychosocial characteristics of multirisk male and female Navy recruits SO CHILD MALTREATMENT LA English DT Article DE intimate partner violence; child physical abuse ID ALCOHOLISM SCREENING-TEST; POTENTIAL INVENTORY; ADOLESCENT MOTHERS; DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; PREDICTION; SUBTYPES; CONFLICT; VALIDITY; NEGLECT; PROGRAM AB This study examined psychosocial characteristics of individuals at risk for Perpetrating both intimate partner violence (IPV risk) and child physical abuse (CPA risk). The sample consisted of 775 female and 592 male Navy recruits. The psychosocial variables assessed included symptoms of dysphoria, posttraumatic stress, self-dysfunction, alcohol-related problems, and drug use. IPV risk and CPA risk were positively associated with approximately 9% of the total sample considered multirisk (i.e., positive for both IPV risk and CPA risk). Results of regression analyses revealed that Patterns of predictors (demographic and psychosocial variables) for IPV-risk only and CPA-risk only differed with multi-risk individuals characterized by the combined Predictors of both types of violence risk. Nearly half (47.2%) of the multirisk individuals were characterized by multiple (i.e., two or more) clinical elevations on the psychosocial characteristics assessed. C1 No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Merrill, LL (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. OI Guimond, Jennifer/0000-0002-8887-5885 NR 40 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1077-5595 J9 CHILD MALTREATMENT JI Child Maltreatment PD FEB PY 2004 VL 9 IS 1 BP 18 EP 29 DI 10.1177/1077559503260852 PG 12 WC Family Studies; Social Work SC Family Studies; Social Work GA 856FA UT WOS:000224029900002 PM 14870995 ER PT J AU Pepi, MS Hibbs, JE Wells, KR AF Pepi, MS Hibbs, JE Wells, KR TI Metallurgical examination of an M107 projectile fragment SO ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE metallurgical examination; projectiles; fragment analysis; temperature effects AB A fragment of steel from a detonated M107 projectile was examined in order to determine whether the temperature produced by the explosion was extreme enough to melt the bronze rotating band. There was an environmental concern that the detonation temperature may have been high enough to melt and/or vaporize the bronze alloy. Extensive metallographic analysis, hardness testing and scanning electron microscopy were conducted in an attempt to determine the temperature imparted on the projectile. Based on the results of this testing and examination, as well as information provided by the probable manufacturer of this ordnance, it was determined that the temperature reached most likely did not approach the melting point of the bronze rotating band. Crown Copyright (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Pepi, MS (reprint author), USN, Weapons Div, Code 476500D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1350-6307 J9 ENG FAIL ANAL JI Eng. Fail. Anal. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 11 IS 1 BP 19 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2003.06.001 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 759XY UT WOS:000187781200002 ER PT J AU Arfsten, DP Burton, DT Fisher, DJ Callahan, J Wilson, CL Still, KR Spargo, BJ AF Arfsten, DP Burton, DT Fisher, DJ Callahan, J Wilson, CL Still, KR Spargo, BJ TI Assessment of the aquatic and terrestrial toxicity of five biodegradable polymers SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE polymer; biodegradable; toxicity; plants; aquatic organisms ID PRODUCTS; BORON AB Radiofrequency countermeasures (i.e., chaff) may be released by fighter jets during tactical countermeasures training. Chaff cartridges, pistons, and endcaps (i.e., chaff dispenser materials), all currently made of styrene, are also released into the environment. Accumulation of chaff dispenser materials in the environment is a concern of the Department of Defense. The US Navy is exploring the possibility of constructing degradable chaff dispenser components made of biodegradable polymers. Five polymers are being considered. Degradability and toxicity tests are two of several criteria being used to evaluate various available biodegradable options. Dissolution products from four of five polymers being considered were toxic to aquatic organisms with LC50s/LOELs ranging between 1.24 and 731.30 mg total organic concentration/L. Supernatant from dissolving a 90:10 polyester amide/polyvinyl alcohol copolymer in water for 24 h inhibited shoot growth of Brassica rappa and Lepidium sativum. Since our results were obtained using fractions of saturated degradable polymer solutions (I or 10 g/L), we conclude that the tested degradable polymers were of low toxicity to the seven aquatic organisms and two terrestrial plant species used in our assays. However, our characterization of the toxicity of these degradable polymers may not be applicable to all species or environmental situations. Information gained from these studies will be used for making decisions on which polymers should be used in the engineering of environmentally friendly chaff dispenser cartridges, pistons, and endcaps. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 NHRC TD, Naval Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Environm Hlth Effec, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Maryland, Wye Res & Educ Ctr, Queenstown, MD 21658 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Navy Environm & Prevent Med Unit 2, Norfolk, VA 23511 USA. RP Arfsten, DP (reprint author), NHRC TD, Naval Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Environm Hlth Effec, Bldg 433,2612 5th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM darryl.arfsten@wpafb.af.mil FU PHS HHS [A3270-01] NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 94 IS 2 BP 198 EP 210 DI 10.1016/S0013-9351(03)00087-2 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 771ZE UT WOS:000188815300010 PM 14757383 ER PT J AU Jarvis-Wloszek, Z Philbrick, D Kaya, MA Packard, A Balas, G AF Jarvis-Wloszek, Z Philbrick, D Kaya, MA Packard, A Balas, G TI Control with disturbance preview and online optimization SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL LA English DT Article DE anytime; disturbance preview; model predictive control; receding horizon control ID MODEL-PREDICTIVE CONTROL; RECEDING-HORIZON CONTROL; NONLINEAR-SYSTEMS; STABILITY; TRACKING AB We present a intuitive and self-contained formulation of a stability preserving receding horizon control strategy for a system where limited preview information is available for the disturbances. The simplicity of the derivation is due to (and its benefits somewhat offset by) a set of stringent and highly structured assumptions. The formulation uses a suboptimal value function for terminal cost, and relies on optimization strategies that only require a trivial improvement property, allowing implementation as an "anytime" algorithm. The nature of this strategy's performance is clarified with linear examples. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Jarvis-Wloszek, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM zachary@jagger.berkeley.edu; philbrickdo@navair.navy.mil; alpay@jagger.berkeley.edu; pack@jagger.berkeley.edu; balas@aem.umn.edu NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9286 J9 IEEE T AUTOMAT CONTR JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Control PD FEB PY 2004 VL 49 IS 2 BP 266 EP 270 DI 10.1109/TAC.2003.822876 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA 775JP UT WOS:000189037200014 ER PT J AU Freedland, SJ Aronson, WJ Kane, CJ Presti, JC Amling, CL Elashoff, D Terris, MK AF Freedland, SJ Aronson, WJ Kane, CJ Presti, JC Amling, CL Elashoff, D Terris, MK TI Impact of obesity on biochemical control after radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer: A report by the shared equal access regional cancer hospital database study group SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; SEXTANT BIOPSIES; SEARCH DATABASE; UNITED-STATES; RISK FACTOR; FOLLOW-UP; RACE; DIET; PREVALENCE; RECURRENCE AB Purpose Given the limited information regarding the impact of obesity on treatment outcomes for prostate cancer, we sought to examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and cancer control after radical prostatectomy (RP). Patients and Methods We compared clinicopathologic and biochemical outcome information across BMI groups from 1,106 men treated with BP between 1988 and 2002. Multivariate analysis was used to determine if BMI significantly predicted adverse pathology or biochemical recurrence. Results Obesity was related to year of surgery (P < .001) and race (P < .001), with black men having the highest obesity rates. Obese patients had higher biopsy and pathologic grade tumors (P < .001). On multivariate analysis, BMI greater than or equal to 35 kg/m(2) was associated with a trend for higher rates of positive surgical margins (P = .008). Overweight patients (BMI, 25 to 30 kg/m(2)) had a significantly decreased risk of seminal vesicle invasion (P = .039). After controlling for all preoperative clinical variables including year of surgery, BMI greater than or equal to 35 kg/m(2) significantly predicted biochemical failure after BP (P = .002). After controlling for surgical margin status, BMI greater than or equal to 35 kg/m(2) remained a significant predictor of biochemical failure (P = .012). There was a trend for BMI greater than or equal to 35 kg/m(2) to be associated with higher failure rates than BMI between 30 and 35 kg/m(2) (P = .053). Conclusion The percentage of obese men undergoing RP in our data set doubled in the last 10 years. Obesity was associated with higher-grade tumors, a trend toward increased risk of positive surgical margins, and higher biochemical failure rates among men treated with RP. A BMI greater than or equal to 35 kg/m(2) was associated with a higher risk of failure than a BMI between 30 and 35 kg/m(2). (C) 2004 by American Society of Clinical Cincology. C1 Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Urol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Urol Sect, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Palo Alto, CA USA. San Diego Naval Hosp, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. Med Coll Georgia, Urol Sect, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Freedland, SJ (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Urol, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM sfreedl1@jhmi.edu NR 41 TC 255 Z9 259 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 330 JOHN CARLYLE ST, STE 300, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 22 IS 3 BP 446 EP 453 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 770PJ UT WOS:000188738900011 PM 14691122 ER PT J AU Auge, BK Pietrow, PK Lallas, CD Raj, GV Santa-Cruz, RW Preminger, GM AF Auge, BK Pietrow, PK Lallas, CD Raj, GV Santa-Cruz, RW Preminger, GM TI Ureteral access sheath provides protection against elevated renal pressures during routine flexible ureteroscopic stone manipulation SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITIONAL-CELL CARCINOMA; MANAGEMENT; CALCULI AB Background and Purpose: New-generation flexible ureteroscopes allow the management of proximal ureteral and intrarenal pathology with high success rates, including complete removal of ureteral and renal calculi. One problem is that the irrigation pressures generated within the collecting system can be significantly elevated, as evidenced by pyelovenous and pyelolymphatic backflow seen during retrograde pyelography. We sought to determine if the ureteral access sheath (UAS) can offer protection from high intrarenal pressures attained during routine ureteroscopic stone surgery. Patients and Methods: Five patients (average age 72.6 years) evaluated in the emergency department for obstructing calculi underwent percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) tube placement to decompress their collecting systems. The indications for PCN tube placement were obstructive renal failure (N = 1), urosepsis (N = 2), and obstruction with uncontrolled pain and elevated white blood cell counts (N = 2). Flexible ureteroscopy was subsequently performed with and without the aid of the UAS while pressures were measured via the nephrostomy tube connected to a pressure transducer. Pressures were recorded at baseline and in the distal, mid, and proximal ureter and renal pelvis, first without the UAS, and then with the UAS in place. Results: The average baseline pressure within the collecting system was 13.6 mm Hg. The mean intrarenal pressure with the ureteroscope in the distal ureter without the UAS was 60 mm Hg and with the UAS was 15 mm Hg. With the ureteroscope in the midureter, the pressures were 65.6 and 17.5 mm Hg, respectively; with the ureteroscope in the proximal ureter 79.2 and 24 mm Hg, and with the ureteroscope in the renal pelvis 94.4 and 40.6 mm Hg, respectively. All differences at each location were statistically significant (P < 0.008). Compared with baseline, all pressures measured without the UAS were significantly greater, but only pressures recorded in the proximal ureter and renal pelvis after UAS insertion were significantly higher (P < 0.03). Conclusions: The irrigation pressures transmitted to the renal pelvis and subsequently to the parenchyma are significantly greater during routine URS without the use of the UAS. The access sheath is potentially protective against pyelovenous and pyelolymphatic backflow, with clinical implications for the ureteroscopic management of upper-tract transitional cell carcinoma, struvite stones, or calculi associated with urinary tract infection. C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Comprehens Kidney Stone Ctr, Dept Surg,Div Urol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. RP Preminger, GM (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Comprehens Kidney Stone Ctr, Dept Surg,Div Urol, Box 3167,Room 1572D White Zone, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM glenn.preminger@duke.edu RI Preminger, Glenn/B-3990-2011 OI Preminger, Glenn/0000-0003-4287-602X NR 17 TC 97 Z9 109 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0892-7790 J9 J ENDOUROL JI J. Endourol. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 18 IS 1 BP 33 EP 36 DI 10.1089/089277904322836631 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 800JD UT WOS:000220023700008 PM 15006050 ER PT J AU Shahriar, MS Shen, JT Tripathi, R Kleinschmit, M Nee, TW Nee, SMF AF Shahriar, MS Shen, JT Tripathi, R Kleinschmit, M Nee, TW Nee, SMF TI Ultrafast holographic Stokesmeter for polarization imaging in real time SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MUELLER MATRIX; POLARIMETER AB We propose an ultrafast holographic Stokesmeter using a volume holographic substrate with two sets of two orthogonal gratings to identify all four Stokes parameters of the input beam. We derive the Mueller matrix of the proposed architecture and determine the constraints necessary for reconstructing the complete Stokes vector. The speed of this device is determined primarily by the channel spectral bandwidth (typically 100 GHz), corresponding to a few picoseconds. This device could be useful in high-speed polarization imaging. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Digital Opt Technol Inc, Boston, MA 02114 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Shahriar, MS (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Shahriar, Selim/B-7270-2009 NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 2004 VL 29 IS 3 BP 298 EP 300 DI 10.1364/OL.29.000298 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 765RZ UT WOS:000188298400024 PM 14759057 ER PT J AU Kondrikov, BN Smirnov, SP Minakin, AV Doherty, RM AF Kondrikov, BN Smirnov, SP Minakin, AV Doherty, RM TI Chemical kinetics of the thermal decomposition of NTO SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE NTO; thermal decomposition; kinetics; manometry ID 3-NITRO-1,2,4-TRIAZOL-5-ONE AB The kinetics of thermal decomposition of 3-nitro-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) in the temperature interval from 200degreesC to 260degreesC was investigated using a glass Bourdon gauge. The overall decomposition reaction includes two distinct stages: the fast first-order decomposition and the subsequent autocatalytic reaction. The importance of the first stage increases with increasing decomposition temperature and decreasing loading density of the Bourdon gauge (m/V). A period of preliminary heating, at a lower temperature, strongly influences the autocatalytic stage when the decomposition is carried out at a higher temperature. In the temperature domain 200-220degreesC, the Arrhenius constants of the decomposition reaction are found to be close to the values usually observed for nitrocompounds: E = 173 kJ/mol and log(10) k approximate to 12.5 (s(-1)). It is shown that a simple model of NTO decomposition based on an autocatalytic reaction of the m-th order can describe the course of the decomposition at high temperature but the in number appears to be excessively high, up to 4. A new model of the decomposition is developed, including an initial monomolecular reaction, decomposition of the crystalline substance, and an autocatalytic reaction of NTO dissolved in liquid decomposition products. This model gives the common order of autocatalysis, m = 1. C1 Mendeleev Univ Chem Technol, Moscow 125047, Russia. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Kondrikov, BN (reprint author), Mendeleev Univ Chem Technol, Miusskaya Sq 9, Moscow 125047, Russia. EM bkondr@rctu.ru NR 9 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD FEB PY 2004 VL 29 IS 1 BP 27 EP 33 DI 10.1002/prep.200400027 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 802QP UT WOS:000220178300004 ER PT S AU Westervelt, K AF Westervelt, K GP ieee TI Root cause analysis of BIT false alarms SO 2004 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-6 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 06-13, 2004 CL Big Sky, MT SP Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc, IEEE AB Root cause analysis is an essential task to mature Built-In-Test (BIT) false alarm performance. Effectiveness of corrective actions is highly dependent upon how well engineers analyze false alarms and how well they understand the equipment's BIT mechanization into the weapon system. Therefore, a success-oriented engineering approach needs to be established in order to analyze false alarms and understand the reasons they occur. This paper identifies a seven-step process to perform root cause analysis on false alarms during the design and development phase in order to implement effective corrective actions prior to fleet delivery. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Westervelt, K (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Hangar 109,Suite 2A,22474 James Rd,Unit 1, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 3 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-8155-6 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2004 BP 3782 EP 3790 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BBF75 UT WOS:000225274000383 ER PT B AU Ross, WA AF Ross, WA GP IEEE TI The new DOD automatic test systems executive organization SO AUTOTESTCON 2004, PROCEEDINGS: TECHNOLOGY AND TRADITION UNITE IN SAN ANTONIO LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems Readiness Technology Conference (AUTOTESTCON 04) CY SEP 20-23, 2004 CL San Antonio, TX SP IEEE Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc, IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc, IEEE Cent Texas Council AB In 1990, the DoD Inspector General began a series of audits which led to language in the FY-1994 Appropriations Bill recommending that the Secretary of Defense direct a DoD ATS acquisition policy and establish a formal implementation mechanism to ensure strategy compliance. On 29 April 1994, USD (A&T) established DoD ATS policy and appointed the Navy as the DoD Executive Agent for ATS. NAVAIR PMA260 was appointed by Navy to serve as the ATS Executive Agent Office. The EAO organized an ATS Management Board that consisted of the Colonel/Navy Captain level ATS principals from each of the Services. A number of Integrated Product Teams were established under the EAO and AMB to carry out the main technical functions of the EA. In 1997, the Services formally agreed via a Joint Memorandum of Agreement on the various policies, procedures and organizational responsibilities to be implemented. On 31 March 2003, the General Accounting Office (GAO) submitted a report which made several recommendations to the Secretary of Defense. In response to the GAO Report, OSD(AT&L) directed the Services to perform an assessment of the EA function. A Joint Service IPT was chartered to define alternative approaches to executing the ATS EA role and to provide an ATS EA Assessment Report that contained a recommended course of action. OSD directed that the AMB continue to serve as the DoD coordinating body for ATS matters, that NAVAIR PMA260 be directed to continue the Executive Agent Office functions as the DoD ATS Executive Directorate, and that Service Acquisition Executives agree upon procedures for ATS acquisitions in a new Joint MOA. This new JMOA defines the revised DoD ATS organizational structure and details responsibilities and procedures to be followed throughout DoD for ATS acquisition and modernization. C1 Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Ross, WA (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, PMA260D,47123 Buse Rd,Suite 349, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-8449-0 PY 2004 BP 2 EP 8 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BCB15 UT WOS:000228484700001 ER PT J AU Ryan, MAK Ness, RB Wells, TS O'Donnell, FL AF Ryan, MAK Ness, RB Wells, TS O'Donnell, FL TI Birth defects among infants of Gulf War veterans, 1989-1993 SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, DOD Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA USA. USA, Med Corps, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Ryan, MAK (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, DOD Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Code 25,Box 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM ryan@nhrc.navy.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1542-0752 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 BP 47 EP 47 DI 10.1002/bdra.10138 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 769FW UT WOS:000188616700008 PM 14745895 ER PT S AU London, M Wilder, R AF London, M Wilder, R BE Holst, GC TI Measurement and laboratory-to-field data correlation techniques for airborne forward-looking infrared systems SO INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TESTING XV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XV CY APR 14-15, 2004 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE infrared; FLIR; imaging; flight-testing; data analysis; modeling; emissivity AB The performance of modem Forward-Looking Infrared (FLIR) systems is vital to preserving the lives of military personnel and civilians. Proper test and evaluation processes enhance system integration and provide useful data for system improvements and tactical implementation. Such processes are also necessary to effectively compare modeling and laboratory data with in-situ flight data. In this paper we discuss the test and evaluation processes typically used for infrared imaging systems and discuss some methods of correlating laboratory and modeling results with flight data. We will present a hypothetical infrared imaging system, demonstrate how it is put through various stages of testing, observe sample hypothetical system data results, and discuss some reasons for selecting specific testing facilities and locations. Additional discussion will focus on preliminary testing considerations such as selection of ground targets for Minimum Resolvable Temperature Difference tests and the selection of proper target FLIR test patterns. Finally we will mention future testing challenges such as short-wave infrared systems and the validity of current assumptions used when testing mid-wave infrared systems. C1 Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Sensor Syst Div, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP London, M (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Sensor Syst Div, Patuxent River, MD USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5330-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5407 BP 19 EP 29 DI 10.1117/12.541355 PG 11 WC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BAV18 UT WOS:000223712700003 ER PT J AU Memish, ZA Alkhy, HHB Shibl, AA Barrozo, CP Gray, GC AF Memish, ZA Alkhy, HHB Shibl, AA Barrozo, CP Gray, GC TI Streptococcus pneumoniae in Saudi Arabia: antibiotic resistance and serotypes of recent clinical isolates SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS LA English DT Article DE Streptococcus pneumoniae; Saudi Arabia; drug resistance; drug sensitivity; serotypes ID PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; PENICILLIN-RESISTANT; ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; OTITIS-MEDIA; CHILDREN; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTIONS; MENINGITIS; PREVALENCE; PATHOGENS AB During 2000, 154 clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were collected from or through three major hospitals serving the Western, Central, and Eastern regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Ninety-one (59.1%) of the 154 isolates were resistant to penicillin with 23 strains (14.9%) highly resistant. Resistance was more prevalent among isolates obtained from patients <10 years of age and from isolates cultured from blood and cerebral spinal fluid. Decreased sensitivity to ceftriaxone, erythromycin, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, and levofloxacin was found in 14.9, 15.6, 9.7, and 1.3% of isolates, respectively. There were no significant differences in the resistance pattern between isolates obtained from patients in the three different geographical areas. Serotypes of 116 isolates revealed the most prevalent types to be (descending order) 4, 3, 19F, 9V, 6A, 19A, 14 and 23F, comprising 75% of all strains typed; 9.5% of isolates were nontypable. S. pneumoniae isolates from Saudi Arabia have become more resistant to penicillin and other antimicrobials over the past 20 years. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. and the International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. C1 King Fahad Natl Guard Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia. King Fahad Natl Guard Hosp, Dept Infect Prevent & Control, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia. King Fahad Natl Guard Hosp, Dept Pediat, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia. King Saud Univ, Dept Microbiol, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, DoD Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Memish, ZA (reprint author), King Fahad Natl Guard Hosp, Dept Internal Med, POB 22490, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia. EM memish@ngha.med.sa; balkhyh@ngha.med.sa; amshibl@ksu.edu.sa; Barrozo@nhrc.navy.mil; Ggray@mail.public-health.uiowa.edu NR 24 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-8579 J9 INT J ANTIMICROB AG JI Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents PD JAN PY 2004 VL 23 IS 1 BP 32 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2003.05.008 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 776CF UT WOS:000189096900006 PM 14732311 ER PT J AU Arfsten, DP Johnson, EW Thitoff, AR Jung, AE Wilfong, ER Lohrke, SM Bausman, T Eggers, JS Bobb, AJ AF Arfsten, DP Johnson, EW Thitoff, AR Jung, AE Wilfong, ER Lohrke, SM Bausman, T Eggers, JS Bobb, AJ TI Impact of 30-day oral dosing with N-acetyl-L-cysteine on Sprague-Dawley rat physiology SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE glutathione; glutathione-S-transferase; N-acetyl-L-cysteine; oral toxicity; rats ID GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; NORMAL-ACETYLCYSTEINE; ACYLASE-I; TOXICITY; INVIVO; CELLS; ACETAMINOPHEN; PARACETAMOL; EXPRESSION; PROTECTION AB A number of studies have demonstrated a protective effect associated with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) against toxic chemical exposure. However, the impact of long-term oral dosing on tissue pathology has not been determined. In this study, the authors assessed the impact of long-term oral NAC administration on organ histopathology and tissue glutathione (GSH) and total glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity levels in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Groups of 20 SD rats ( 10 males, 10 females), 8 weeks of age, were dosed daily by oral gavage with deionized H2O ( negative controls) or NAC solution at a rate of 600 or 1200 mg/kg/day for 30 days. Animals were euthanized 6 h after treatment on study day 30. There were no significant differences in final body weights or weekly average weight gain between treatment groups. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were significantly elevated ( pless than or equal to.05) in NAC-treated animals compared to controls when measured on study day 30. Histopathologic evaluation of the stomach, small intestine, liver, kidneys, spleen, thymus, and lungs revealed no lesions associated with NAC administration. When measured on study day 30, total GST activity for kidney and skin from NAC-treated animals were increased 39% to 131% as compared to controls. Tissue GSH concentrations from NAC-treated animals were increased 24% to 81% as compared with negative controls. Further studies are needed to determine if the observed increase in tissue GSH concentration and GST activity provide a degree of chemoprotection against dermal and systemic chemical toxicants. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Environm Hlth Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. ManTech Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. USAF, Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Arfsten, DP (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Environm Hlth Effects Lab, 2729 R St,Bldg 837,Area B, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM darryl.arfsten@wpafb.af.mil OI Bobb, Andrew/0000-0002-2369-8566 NR 73 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1091-5818 J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PY 2004 VL 23 IS 4 BP 239 EP 247 DI 10.1080/10915810490502041 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 852FD UT WOS:000223739800003 PM 15371168 ER PT J AU Stout, PR Klette, KL Horn, CK AF Stout, PR Klette, KL Horn, CK TI Evaluation of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine and phenylpropanolamine concentrations in human urine samples and a comparison of the specificity of DRI (R) amphetamines and Abuscreen((R)) online (KIMS) amphetamines screening immunoassays SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 55th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Forensic-Science CY FEB 17-22, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Acad Forens Sci DE forensic science; ephedrine; forensic urine drug testing; immunoassay ID GC-MS; METHAMPHETAMINE; EXCRETION; 3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE; 3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYAMPHETAMINE; SUPPLEMENTS AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of two amphetamine class screening reagents to exclude ephedrine (EPH), pseudoephedrine (PSEPH), and phenylpropanolamine (PPA) from falsely producing positive immunoassay screening results. The study also sought to characterize the prevalence and concentration distributions of EPH, PSEPH, and PPA in samples that produced positive amphetamine screening results. Approximately 27,400 randomly collected human urine samples from Navy and Marine Corps members were simultaneously screened for amphetamines using the DRI(R) and Abuscree(R) online immunoassays at a cutoff concentration of 500 ng/mL. All samples that screened positive were confirmed for amphetamine (AMP), methamphetamine (MTH), 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), EPH, PSEPH, and PPA by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GUMS). The DRI AMP immunoassay identified 1,104 presumptive amphetamine positive samples, of which only 1.99% confirmed positive for the presence of AMP, MTH, MDA, or MDMA. In contrast, the online AMP reagent identified 317 presumptive amphetamine positives with a confirmation rate for AMP, MTH, MDA, or MDMA of 7.94%. The presence of EPH PSEPH, or PPA was confirmed in 833 of the 1,104 samples that failed to confirm positive for AMP, MTH, MDA, or MDMA; all of the 833 samples contained PSEPH. When compared to the entire screened sample set, PSEPH was present in approximately 3%, EPH in 0.9%, and PPA in 0.8% of the samples. The results indicate that cross reactivities for EPH, PSEPH, and PPA are greater than reported by the manufacturer of these reagents. The distribution of concentrations indicates that very large concentrations of EPH, PSEPH, and PPA are common. C1 Aegis Sci Corp, Nashville, TN 37210 USA. USN, Drug Screening Lab, Great Lakes, IL USA. USN, Drug Screening Lab, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP Stout, PR (reprint author), Aegis Sci Corp, 345 Hill Ave, Nashville, TN 37210 USA. EM pstout@aegislabs.com NR 15 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 49 IS 1 BP 160 EP 164 PG 5 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 762DV UT WOS:000187956500028 PM 14979364 ER PT J AU Brand, ES Ensign, W Roberts, D Hiscock, N Hudig, D Castell, L AF Brand, ES Ensign, W Roberts, D Hiscock, N Hudig, D Castell, L TI Cellular nutrition and immunodepression during prolonged, exhaustive exercise at altitude. SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Western Regional Meeting of the American-Federation-for-Medical-Research CY JAN 28-31, 2004 CL CARMEL, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Federat Med Res C1 Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU B C DECKER INC PI HAMILTON PA 20 HUGHSON ST SOUTH, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 52 IS 1 BP S167 EP S168 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 765ER UT WOS:000188254600527 ER PT J AU Cochran, KR Fan, L DeVoe, CL AF Cochran, KR Fan, L DeVoe, CL TI Moving reflector type micro optical switch for high-power transfer in a MEMS-based safety and arming system SO JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SILICON AB Development of a moving reflector type micro optical switch fabricated by deep reactive ion etching (DREE) in silicon on insulator (SOI) substrates is presented. The device discussed is a key component in a MEMS-based safety and arming (S&A) system for use in underwater weapons. In this switch, an etched vertical sidewall reflector is electrostatically actuated in and out of the optical path between input and output optical fibers. Fabrication is performed on 100 mum thick silicon substrates with fiber alignment channels, reflectors and, actuators being fabricated at the same time with a single etch step. A single pair of multimode fibers is used to transmit optical power of the order of 1000 mW at a working wavelength of 810 run. Sources of optical loss in the system are identified and their value calculated in order to predict the overall system optical efficiency. The optical efficiency of the switch,has been found to have an average value of 55% with the etched vertical sidewall mirror having an average reflectivity of 62.8%. Switching time is 10 ms from the off to the on state with a maximum operational frequency of 66 Hz. Isolation between the on and off states is 32 dB. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Cochran, KR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM cockrankr@ih.navy.mil NR 23 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0960-1317 J9 J MICROMECH MICROENG JI J. Micromech. Microeng. PD JAN PY 2004 VL 14 IS 1 BP 138 EP 146 AR PII S0960-1317(04)64721-8 DI 10.1088/0960-1317/14/1/019 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 771PZ UT WOS:000188796400019 ER PT S AU Elliott, WR Rentmeister-Bryant, H Barsalou, N Beer, J Zwick, H AF Elliott, WR Rentmeister-Bryant, H Barsalou, N Beer, J Zwick, H BE Jacques, SL Roach, WP TI N-Acetylcysteine and acute retinal laser lesion in the Colubrid snake eye SO LASER INTERACTION WITH TISSUE AND CELLS XV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Interaction with Tissue and Cells XV CY JAN 26-28, 2004 CL San Jose, CA SP SPIE, USAF Off Sci Res AB This study examined the role of oxidative stress and the effect of a single dose treatment with N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) on the temporal development of acute laser-induced retinal injury. We used the snake eye/Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope (SLO) model, an in vivo, non-invasive ocular imaging technique, which has the ability to image cellular retinal detail and allows for studying morphological changes of retinal injury over time. For this study 12 corn-snakes (Elaphe g. guttata) received 5 laser exposures per eye, followed by either a single dose of the antioxidant NAC (150 mg/kg, IP in sterile saline) or placebo. Laser exposures were made with a Nd: VO4 DPSS, 532 nm laser, coaxially aligned to the SLO. Shuttered pulses were 20 msec x 50 mW; 1 mJ each. Retinal images were taken using a Rodenstock cSLO and were digitally recorded at 1, 6, 24-hrs, and at 3-wks post-exposure. Lesions were assessed by two raters blind to the conditions of the study yielding measures of damaged area and counts of missing or damaged photoreceptors. Treated eyes showed a significant beneficial effect overall, and these results suggest that oxidative stress plays a role in laser-induced retinal injury. The use of NAC or a similar antioxidant shows promise as a therapeutic tool. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Elliott, WR (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5227-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2004 VL 5319 BP 267 EP 273 DI 10.1117/12.530362 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical; Optics SC Biophysics; Engineering; Optics GA BAO13 UT WOS:000223056000035 ER PT J AU Olson, CB Stander, VA Merrill, LL AF Olson, CB Stander, VA Merrill, LL TI The influence of survey confidentiality and construct measurement in estimating rates of childhood victimization among navy recruits SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEXUAL ABUSE; YOUNG-ADULTS; VIOLENCE; HEALTH; LIFE; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; ASSOCIATIONS; ANTECEDENTS; PREDICTORS; PREVALENCE AB Surveys that directly ask participants whether they have been abused are likely to derive different results than studies that ask about specific childhood sexual experiences or about experiences with specific types of parental aggression that participants may or may not personally define as abusive. Rates are also likely to be affected by the level of confidentiality of the survey. We compared results from the nonconfidential military Sailor's Health Inventory Program (SHIP; Mittelman, Plunkett, & Bayer, 1998) with the results of the Survey of Recruits' Behaviors (SRB; Merrill, Newell, Hervig, Booth-Kewley, Patriarca, & Gilman, 1998). The SRB included both confidential and anonymous survey conditions. Rates of self-reported childhood abuse varied markedly. SHIP rates were lowest, with 5% of the participants identified as victims of abuse. Using SRB behavioral definitions under anonymous survey conditions resulted in the highest rate of 63%. Data derived using self-definitions and behavioral definitions independently accounted for variability in participants' symptoms of depression, anxiety, and sexual difficulties. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Stander, VA (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM stander@nhrc.navy.mil NR 33 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2004 VL 16 IS 1 BP 53 EP 69 DI 10.1207/s15327876mp1601_4 PG 17 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 779JW UT WOS:000189292400004 ER PT J AU Halterman, K Valls, OT AF Halterman, K Valls, OT TI Layered ferromagnet-superconductor structures: The pi state and proximity effects SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EXCHANGE FIELD; JOSEPHSON-JUNCTION; EQUATION; SWITCH AB We investigate clean mutilayered structures of the SFS and SFSFS type (where the S layer is intrinsically superconducting and the F layer is ferromagnetic), at low temperature, through numerical solution of the self-consistent Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations for these systems. We obtain results for the pair amplitude, the local density of states, and the local magnetic moment. We find that as a function of the thickness d(F) of the magnetic layers separating adjacent superconductors, the ground state energy varies periodically between two stable states. The first state is an ordinary "0 state," in which the order parameter has a phase difference of zero between consecutive S layers, and the second is a "pi state," where the sign alternates, corresponding to a phase difference of pi between adjacent S layers. This behavior can be understood from simple arguments. The density of states and the local magnetic moment also reflect this periodicity. C1 USN, Sensor & Signal Sci Div, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP USN, Sensor & Signal Sci Div, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM klaus.halterman@navy.mil; otvalls@umn.edu RI Halterman, Klaus/G-3826-2012; OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134 NR 49 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN PY 2004 VL 69 IS 1 AR 014517 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.69.014517 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 771KQ UT WOS:000188784800081 ER PT S AU Carney, JR Ladouceur, HD Russell, TP Pangilinan, GI AF Carney, JR Ladouceur, HD Russell, TP Pangilinan, GI BE Furnish, MD Gupta, YM Forbes, JW TI A new method for determining material thermal properties at static high pressures SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2003, PTS 1 AND 2, PROCEEDINGS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter CY JUL 20-25, 2003 CL Portland, OR SP Amer Phys Soc Top Grp ID DIAMOND-ANVIL CELL AB The response of materials under shock loading is strongly dependent an the mechanical and thermal properties of materials at high pressures. Despite the availability of several methods that quantify mechanical properties of materials at high pressures and loading rates, only a few existing techniques can measure heat capacity or thermal conductivity at high pressures. A new method is proposed to determine the thermal transport properties of materials in gem anvil cells (GAC). The test material and a ruby sphere were enclosed in a GAC and brought to pressure. The ruby was heated at a constant rate by a pulse of light whose intensity had a square wave temporal profile. Time-resolved ruby fluorescence spectra were recorded with a spectrometer and a streak camera. The temperature profile of the ruby during both the heating and cooling (following removal of the laser light) periods was sensitively dependent on the thermal transport properties of the surrounding material. A pressure-dependent set of results is presented for sodium chloride (NaCl) and Teflon, utilizing this new technique. The data is compared to simulations using previously published data. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Carney, JR (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. EM carneyjr@ih.navy.mil; russelltp@ih.navy.mil; pangilinangi@ih.navy.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0181-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2004 VL 706 BP 1143 EP 1146 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA BAT26 UT WOS:000223423000268 ER PT S AU Fu, R Lindfors, A Davis, J AF Fu, R Lindfors, A Davis, J BE Furnish, MD Gupta, YM Forbes, JW TI Scaling for internal blast SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2003, PTS 1 AND 2, PROCEEDINGS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter CY JUL 20-25, 2003 CL Portland, OR SP Amer Phys Soc Top Grp AB The effect of charge size and geometry has been investigated. A series of experiments have been performed with explosive masses up to 2 lbs. in which the effect of internal blast performance in a rectangular structure was measured. Performance was based upon pressure measurements at multiple locations within the structure. Confidence in the measurements was achieved with the use of multiple gauges at the same location. The explosives tested contained both ideal and non-ideal compositions. A correlation was determined that allows for research size samples (< 100g) to be compared with greater sized charges. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Fu, R (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM jeffery.davis@navy.m NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0181-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2004 VL 706 BP 1440 EP 1443 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA BAT26 UT WOS:000223423000337 ER PT J AU Phillips, BD Yanagi, MA Carr, W Drummond, S AF Phillips, BD Yanagi, MA Carr, W Drummond, S TI The early riser gets the dream recall SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 18th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 05-10, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Associated Profess Sleep Soc C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Vet Affairs San Diego Healthcare Syst, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2004 VL 27 SU S MA 133 BP 59 EP 60 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 844OX UT WOS:000223169400135 ER PT J AU Yanagi, MA Phillips, BD Carr, W Drummond, S AF Yanagi, MA Phillips, BD Carr, W Drummond, S TI Verbal learning performance following 36 hours of total sleep deprivation in long and short sleepers SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 18th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 05-10, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Associated Profess Sleep Soc C1 Vet Affairs San Diego Healthcare Syst, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2004 VL 27 SU S MA 302 BP 138 EP 138 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 844OX UT WOS:000223169400304 ER PT J AU Phillips, BD Yanagi, MA Carr, W Drummond, S AF Phillips, BD Yanagi, MA Carr, W Drummond, S TI Effect of prolonged sleep deprivation on emotion processing SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 18th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 05-10, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Associated Profess Sleep Soc C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Univ San Diego, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. Vet Affairs San Diego Healthcare Syst, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2004 VL 27 SU S MA 308 BP 141 EP 141 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 844OX UT WOS:000223169400310 ER PT J AU Carr, W Phillips, BD Yanagi, MA Drummond, SP AF Carr, W Phillips, BD Yanagi, MA Drummond, SP TI Sleep, activity, fatigue, and task effectiveness (SAFTE) model assessment: Individual differences SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 18th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 05-10, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Associated Profess Sleep Soc C1 USN, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Vet Affairs San Diego Healthcare Syst, Psychiat, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2004 VL 27 SU S MA 340 BP 156 EP 156 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 844OX UT WOS:000223169400342 ER PT J AU Bradshaw, DA Murphy, DP Ruff, GA AF Bradshaw, DA Murphy, DP Ruff, GA TI The effects of oral zolpidem on nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) compliance in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 18th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 05-10, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Associated Profess Sleep Soc C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Pulm, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2004 VL 27 SU S MA 401 BP 182 EP 183 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 844OX UT WOS:000223169400403 ER PT J AU Lopez, C Phillips, B Carr, W Yanagi, MA Drummond, S AF Lopez, C Phillips, B Carr, W Yanagi, MA Drummond, S TI The effects of coping strategies on activity during sleep deprivation SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 18th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 05-10, 2004 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Associated Profess Sleep Soc C1 Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, San Diego, CA USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2004 VL 27 SU S MA 884 BP 395 EP 396 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 844OX UT WOS:000223169400886 ER PT J AU Pickhardt, PJ Choi, JR Hwang, I Butler, JA Puckett, ML Hildebrandt, HA Wong, RK Nugent, PA Mysliwiec, PA Schindler, WR AF Pickhardt, PJ Choi, JR Hwang, I Butler, JA Puckett, ML Hildebrandt, HA Wong, RK Nugent, PA Mysliwiec, PA Schindler, WR TI Computed tomographic virtual colonoscopy to screen for colorectal neoplasia in asymptomatic adults SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CT COLONOGRAPHY; PERFORMANCE-CHARACTERISTICS; POLYPS; CANCER; MULTICENTER; SIZE AB BACKGROUND: We evaluated the performance characteristics of computed tomographic (CT) virtual colonoscopy for the detection of colorectal neoplasia in an average-risk screening population. METHODS: A total of 1233 asymptomatic adults (mean age, 57.8 years) underwent same-day virtual and optical colonoscopy. Radiologists used the three-dimensional endoluminal display for the initial detection of polyps on CT virtual colonoscopy. For the initial examination of each colonic segment, the colonoscopists were unaware of the findings on virtual colonoscopy, which were revealed to them before any subsequent reexamination. The sensitivity and specificity of virtual colonoscopy and the sensitivity of optical colonoscopy were calculated with the use of the findings of the final, unblinded optical colonoscopy as the reference standard. RESULTS: The sensitivity of virtual colonoscopy for adenomatous polyps was 93.8 percent for polyps at least 10 mm in diameter, 93.9 percent for polyps at least 8 mm in diameter, and 88.7 percent for polyps at least 6 mm in diameter. The sensitivity of optical colonoscopy for adenomatous polyps was 87.5 percent, 91.5 percent, and 92.3 percent for the three sizes of polyps, respectively. The specificity of virtual colonoscopy for adenomatous polyps was 96.0 percent for polyps at least 10 mm in diameter, 92.2 percent for polyps at least 8 mm in diameter, and 79.6 percent for polyps at least 6 mm in diameter. Two polyps were malignant; both were detected on virtual colonoscopy, and one of them was missed on optical colonoscopy before the results on virtual colonoscopy were revealed. CONCLUSIONS: CT virtual colonoscopy with the use of a three-dimensional approach is an accurate screening method for the detection of colorectal neoplasia in asymptomatic average-risk adults and compares favorably with optical colonoscopy in terms of the detection of clinically relevant lesions. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Gastroenterol, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NCI, Div Canc Prevent, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Radiol, San Diego, CA USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Gastroenterol, San Diego, CA USA. RP Pickhardt, PJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, E3-311 Clin Sci Ctr,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. EM ppickhardt@mail.radiology.wisc.edu NR 33 TC 1215 Z9 1247 U1 1 U2 21 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 4 PY 2003 VL 349 IS 23 BP 2191 EP 2200 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa031618 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 749LH UT WOS:000186921700005 PM 14657426 ER PT J AU Haas, D McCullough, W Olsen, C Shiau, D Richard, J Fry, E McNamara, M AF Haas, D McCullough, W Olsen, C Shiau, D Richard, J Fry, E McNamara, M TI Comparing neonatal outcomes using different betamethasone dosing regimens SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 24th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine CY FEB 02-07, 2004 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med C1 Naval Hosp Camp Lejeune, Jacksonville, NC USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. USUHS, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 189 IS 6 SU S MA 385 BP S166 EP S166 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2003.10.387 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 761LP UT WOS:000187910500382 ER PT J AU Goforth, HW Laurent, D Prusaczyk, WK Schneider, KE Petersen, KF Shulman, GI AF Goforth, HW Laurent, D Prusaczyk, WK Schneider, KE Petersen, KF Shulman, GI TI Effects of depletion exercise and light training on muscle glycogen supercompensation in men SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE carbohydrate loading; detraining; C-13 magnetic resonance spectroscopy ID HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; INSULIN ACTION; DIET; PERFORMANCE; RESYNTHESIS; SYNTHETASE; ACTIVATION; STORAGE; BIOPSY AB Supercompensated muscle glycogen can be achieved by using several carbohydrate (CHO)-loading protocols. This study compared the effectiveness of two "modified" CHO-loading protocols. Additionally, we determined the effect of light cycle training on muscle glycogen. Subjects completed a depletion (D, n = 15) or nondepletion (ND, n = 10) CHO-loading protocol. After a 2-day adaptation period in a metabolic ward, the D group performed a 120-min cycle exercise at 65% peak oxygen uptake ((V) over dot O-2 peak) followed by 1-min sprints at 120% (V) over dot O-2 peak to exhaustion. The ND group performed only 20-min cycle exercise at 65% (V) over dot O-2 peak. For the next 6 days, both groups ate the same high-CHO diets and performed 20-min daily cycle exercise at 65% (V) over dot O-2 peak followed by a CHO beverage ( 105 g of CHO). Muscle glycogen concentrations of the vastus lateralis were measured daily with C-13 magnetic resonance spectroscopy. On the morning of day 5, muscle glycogen concentrations had increased 1.45 ( D) and 1.24 ( ND) times baseline ( P < 0.001) but did not differ significantly between groups. However, on day 7, muscle glycogen of the D group was significantly greater ( p < 0.01) than that of the ND group ( 130 +/- 7 vs. 104 +/- 5 mmol/l). Daily cycle exercise decreased muscle glycogen by 10 +/- 2 ( D) and 14 +/- 5 mmol/l ( ND), but muscle glycogen was equal to or greater than preexercise values 24 h later. In conclusion, a CHO-loading protocol that begins with a glycogen-depleting exercise results in significantly greater muscle glycogen that persists longer than a CHO-loading protocol using only an exercise taper. Daily exercise at 65% (V) over dot O-2 peak for 20 min can be performed throughout the CHO-loading protocol without negatively affecting muscle glycogen supercompensation. C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. Geocenters Inc, Newton, MA 02459 USA. RP Shulman, GI (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, 300 Congress Ave,S269, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000125, M01 RR-00125]; NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG023686, R01 AG023686-01A1]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK045735, R01 DK-49230, R01 DK-063192, R01 DK049230, P30 DK-45735]; PHS HHS [K-23 02734] NR 38 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD DEC 1 PY 2003 VL 285 IS 6 BP E1304 EP E1311 DI 10.1152/ajpendo.00209.2003 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 741TC UT WOS:000186474500019 PM 12902321 ER PT J AU Romano, JA Rittschof, D Holm, ER McClellan-Green, P AF Romano, JA Rittschof, D Holm, ER McClellan-Green, P TI Possible endocrine disruption in Balanus amphitrite after exposure to fouling-release coatings SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology CY 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Soc Integrative Comparative Biol C1 Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Washington, DC 20376 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Carderock Div, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC INTEGRATIVE COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY PI MCLEAN PA 1313 DOLLEY MADISON BLVD, NO 402, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 43 IS 6 BP 1021 EP 1021 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 831ZI UT WOS:000222235200872 ER PT J AU Merrill, LL Guimond, JM Thomsen, CJ Milner, JS AF Merrill, LL Guimond, JM Thomsen, CJ Milner, JS TI Child sexual abuse and number of sexual partners in young women: The role of abuse severity, coping style, and sexual functioning SO JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM IMPACT; RISK-FACTORS; TRANSMITTED DISEASES; MEDIATING VARIABLES; ADULT ADJUSTMENT; CLINICAL-SAMPLES; SUBSEQUENT RISK; PUBLIC-HEALTH; MISSING DATA; VICTIMIZATION AB The authors proposed and tested a model describing distinct pathways through which childhood sexual abuse (CSA) may lead to relatively low or high numbers of sexual partners in adulthood. Path analyses were conducted on survey responses of young female U.S. Navy recruits who reported CSA (N = 547). Use of avoidant strategies to cope with CSA was expected to produce higher levels of sexual problems and fewer heterosexual sex partners, whereas use of self-destructive coping strategies was expected to result in more dysfunctional sexual behavior and more heterosexual sex partners. As predicted, the effect of CSA on number of sex partners was largely mediated by coping strategies and dysfunctional sexual behavior. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. No Illinois Univ, Ctr Study Family Violence & Sexual Assault, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Merrill, LL (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. OI Guimond, Jennifer/0000-0002-8887-5885 NR 74 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 6 U2 20 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0022-006X J9 J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH JI J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. PD DEC PY 2003 VL 71 IS 6 BP 987 EP 996 DI 10.1037/0022-006X.71.6.987 PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 745MZ UT WOS:000186693600004 PM 14622074 ER PT J AU Masuoka, PM Claborn, DM Andre, RG Nigro, J Gordon, SW Klein, TA Kim, HC AF Masuoka, PM Claborn, DM Andre, RG Nigro, J Gordon, SW Klein, TA Kim, HC TI Use of IKONOS and Landsat for malaria control in the Republic of Korea SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE IKONOS; Landsat; malaria control ID KYUNGGI PROVINCE; LARVAL HABITATS; VILLAGES AB Malaria reemerged in the Republic of Korea (ROK) in 1993. While limited numbers of U.S. soldiers in high-risk areas use chloroquine/primaquine chemoprophylaxis to prevent malaria, control of mosquito larvae through larviciding also can be used to reduce the risk of malaria transmission. In order to estimate the cost of larviciding, accurate estimates of the spatial extent of mosquito larval habitats are necessary. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an accurate estimate of the area covered by mosquito larval habitats can be obtained using Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper+ (ETM+) and/or IKONOS data for the Korean test site. To estimate the area covered by larval habitats near Camp Greaves [Paekyeon-Ri, near Tongil-Chon (village)] in the ROK, an IKONOS and a Landsat 7 ETM+ image were classified using a parallelepiped classification. In a comparison with rice paddy field sites, 24 (92%) of the sites were classified correctly on the IKONOS image and 17 (65%) were classified correctly on the Landsat image. Comparing the classifications on a pixel-by-pixel basis, the agreement between the two classifications was 79%. Part of the disagreement was due to the difference in resolution of the two images. In spite of local differences, the two classifications produced similar area estimates. Although either Landsat or IKONOS could be used in Korea for a reasonable estimate of habitat area, only IKONOS can resolve small irrigation ponds. While ponds represent a small portion of the total larval habitat, they are an important source for mosquito breeding during the late rice-growing season in the ROK since they contain higher larval densities. High-resolution imagery, such as IKONOS, would be necessary for planning and implementing treatment of these smaller habitats. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Navy Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Ft Mcpherson, GA 30330 USA. Prevent Serv Directorate, Med Command 18, Unit 15281, APO, AP 96205 USA. RP Masuoka, PM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 920, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RI Gordon, Scott/B-8875-2011; Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 17 TC 18 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD NOV 30 PY 2003 VL 88 IS 1-2 BP 187 EP 194 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2003.04.009 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 751QM UT WOS:000187078500015 ER PT J AU Brodine, SK Starkey, MJ Shaffer, RA Ito, SI Tasker, SA Barile, AJ Tamminga, CL Stephan, KT Aronson, NE Fraser, SL Wallace, MR Wegner, SA Mascola, JR McCutchan, FE AF Brodine, SK Starkey, MJ Shaffer, RA Ito, SI Tasker, SA Barile, AJ Tamminga, CL Stephan, KT Aronson, NE Fraser, SL Wallace, MR Wegner, SA Mascola, JR McCutchan, FE TI Diverse HIV-1 subtypes and clinical, laboratory and behavioral factors in a recently infected US military cohort SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV-1; HIV-1 subtypes; US military; cross-sectional study; risk factors; seroconversion; epidemiology ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; NON-B SUBTYPES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; UNITED-STATES; SENTINEL SITE; VIRAL LOAD; RESISTANCE; POLYMORPHISMS; TRANSMISSION; PROGRESSION AB Objective: To describe the demographics, risk behaviors, and HIV-1 subtypes in a large cohort of recently HIV-infected military personnel. Design: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Methods: US military personnel with recent HIV seroconversion from six medical referral centers were enrolled with a self-administered questionnaire, CD4 cell counts, syphilis and hepatitis B serologies, plasma viral RNA levels, and HIV-1 subtype nucleic acid sequencing. Results: Between February 1997 and May 2000, 520 patients were enrolled. Most [488 (94.3%)] were infected with HIV-1 subtype B. The most prevalent non-B subtype was a circulating recombinant form (CRF01_AE) [17 (61%)]; however, two pure subtypes (C and D), as well as CRF02_AG, CRF09_cpx and a BE recombinant were identified. The likely area of HIV-1 acquisition was the United States for 70% of the volunteers. At least three non-B subtype infections (two subtype C, one subtype CRF01_AE) were apparently acquired domestically. Risk behaviors and comorbid sexually transmitted diseases were reported during the seroconversion period. Volunteers with non-B subtype HIV infection were more likely to report heterosexual contacts [92% vs. 39%; odds ratio (OR), 10.0], including contacts with commercial sex workers (41% vs. 13%; OR, 4.9). The Roche Amplicor version 1.0 assay was less sensitive for non-B subtype infections than the Roche Amplicor version 1.5 assay. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence and diversity of non-B HIV subtypes in this large cohort. Efficient diagnosis of acute primary HIV-1 infection was identified as a goal for prevention programs. Modifiable risk behaviors and target populations for intervention were identified. (C) 2003 Lippincott Williams Wilkins. C1 San Diego State Univ, Coll Hlth & Human Serv, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. Geocenters Inc, Newton, MA USA. USN, Ctr Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Brodine, SK (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Coll Hlth & Human Serv, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. NR 30 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD NOV 21 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 17 BP 2521 EP 2527 DI 10.1097/00002030-200311210-00016 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 809YR UT WOS:000220672500015 PM 14600525 ER PT J AU Kenney, CS Manjunath, BS Zuliani, M Hewer, GA Van Nevel, A AF Kenney, CS Manjunath, BS Zuliani, M Hewer, GA Van Nevel, A TI A condition number for point matching with application to registration and postregistration error estimation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE registration; conditioning; feature representation; motion ID OPTICAL-FLOW; IMAGE REGISTRATION; MATRIX FUNCTIONS; SENSITIVITY; COMPUTATION; BOUNDS AB Selecting salient points from two or more images for computing correspondence is a well-studied problem in image analysis. This paper describes a new and effective technique for selecting these tiepoints using condition numbers, with application to image registration and mosaicking. Condition numbers are derived for point-matching methods based on minimizing windowed objective functions for 1) translation, 2) rotation-scaling-translation (RST), and 3) affine transformations. Our principal result is that the condition numbers satisfy K-Trans less than or equal to K-RST less than or equal to K-Affine. That is, if a point is ill-conditioned with respect to point-matching via translation, then it is also unsuited for matching with respect to RST and affine transforms. This is fortunate since K-Trans is easily computed whereas K-RST and K-Affine are not. The second half of the paper applies the condition estimation results to the problem of identifying tiepoints in pairs of images for the purpose of registration. Once these points have been matched (after culling outliers using a RANSAC-like procedure), the registration parameters are computed. The postregistration error between the reference image and the stabilized image is then estimated by evaluating the translation between these images at points exhibiting good conditioning with respect to translation. The proposed method of tiepoint selection and matching using condition number provides a reliable basis for registration. The method has been tested on a large number of diverse collection of images-multidate Landsat images, aerial images, aerial videos, and infrared images. A Web site where the users can try our registration software is available and is being actively used by researchers around the world. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. USN, Res Dept, Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM kenney@ece.ucsb.edu; manj@ece.ucsb.edu; zuliani@ece.ucsb.edu; hewerga@navair.navy.mil; vannevelaj@navair.navy.mil NR 56 TC 33 Z9 38 U1 5 U2 11 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0162-8828 EI 1939-3539 J9 IEEE T PATTERN ANAL JI IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 25 IS 11 BP 1437 EP 1454 DI 10.1109/TPAMI.2003.1240118 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 733NG UT WOS:000186006800009 ER PT J AU Miles, MH AF Miles, MH TI Exploration of molten hydroxide electrochemistry for thermal battery applications SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE cyclic voltammetry; electrostability window; reactions; reference electrodes; thermodynamics ID EUTECTIC MIXTURE; ALKALI HYDROXIDES; BEHAVIOR; IONS; NAOH; WATER AB The electrochemistry of molten LiOH - NaOH, LiOH - KOH, and NaOH - KOH was investigated using platinum, palladium, nickel, silver, aluminum and other electrodes. The fast kinetics of the Ag+/Ag electrode reaction suggests its use as a reference electrode in molten hydroxides. The key equilibrium reaction in each of these melts is 2 OH- = H2O + O2- where H2O is the Lux-Flood acid (oxide ion acceptor) and O2- is the Lux - Flood base. This reaction dictates the minimum H2O content attainable in the melt. Extensive heating at 500 degreesC simply converts more of the alkali metal hydroxide into the corresponding oxide, that is, Li2O, Na2O or K2O. Thermodynamic calculations suggest that Li2O acts as a Lux - Flood acid in molten NaOH - KOH via the dissolution reaction Li2O(s) + 2 OH- = 2 LiO- + H2O whereas Na2O acts as a Lux - Flood base, Na2O(s) = 2 Na+ + O2-. The dominant limiting anodic reaction on platinum in all three melts is the oxidation of OH) to yield oxygen, that is 2 OH- --> 1/2 O-2 + H2O + 2 e(-). The limiting cathodic reaction in these melts is the reduction of water in acidic melts ([H2O] >> [O2-)]) and the reduction of Na+ or K+ in basic melts. The direct reduction of OH- to hydrogen and O2- is thermodynamically impossible in molten hydroxides. The electrostability window for thermal battery applications in molten hydroxides at 250 - 300 degreesC is 1.5 V in acidic melts and 2.5 V in basic melts. The use of aluminum substrates could possibly extend this window to 3 V or higher. Preliminary tests of the Li-Fe (LAN) anode in molten LiOH - KOH and NaOH - KOH show that this anode is not stable in these melts at acidic conditions. The presence of superoxide ions in these acidic melts likely contributes to this instability of lithium anodes. Thermal battery development using molten hydroxides will likely require less active anode materials such as Li-Al alloys or the use of more basic melts. It is well established that sodium metal is both soluble and stable in basic NaOH - KOH melts and has been used as a reference electrode for this system. C1 USN, Div Chem, Dept Res, Air Warfare Ctr,Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Miles, MH (reprint author), Univ La Verne, Dept Chem, La Verne, CA 91750 USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 29 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-891X J9 J APPL ELECTROCHEM JI J. Appl. Electrochem. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 33 IS 11 BP 1011 EP 1016 DI 10.1023/A:1026270119048 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 735CV UT WOS:000186095600005 ER PT J AU Wild, MA Xin, H Maruyama, T Nolan, MJ Calveley, PM Malone, JD Wallace, MR Bowdish, KS AF Wild, MA Xin, H Maruyama, T Nolan, MJ Calveley, PM Malone, JD Wallace, MR Bowdish, KS TI Human antibodies from immunized donors are protective against anthrax toxin in vivo SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ANTIGEN; COMPONENT AB A panel of Fabs that neutralize anthrax toxin in vitro was selected from libraries generated from human donors vaccinated against anthrax. At least two of these antibodies protect rats from anthrax intoxication in vivo. Fabs 83K7C and 63L1D bind with subnanomolar affinity to protective antigen (PA) 63, and Fab 63L1D neutralizes toxin substoichiometrically, inhibits lethal factor (LF) interaction with PA63 and binds to a conformational epitope formed by PA63. C1 Alex Antibody Technol Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Bowdish, KS (reprint author), Alex Antibody Technol Inc, 3985 Sorrento Valley Blvd, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. EM kbowdish@alxnsd.com NR 7 TC 73 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1087-0156 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD NOV PY 2003 VL 21 IS 11 BP 1305 EP 1306 DI 10.1038/nbt891 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 739AL UT WOS:000186320000030 PM 14555959 ER PT J AU Halterman, K Valls, OT AF Halterman, K Valls, OT TI Energy gap of ferromagnet-superconductor bilayers SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE energy gap; proximity effect; bilayers; superconductivity ID DENSITY-OF-STATES; METAL; ANDREEV; BOUNDARIES; JUNCTIONS AB The excitation spectrum of clean ferromagnet-superconductor bilayers is calculated within the framework of the self-consistent Bogoliubov-de Gennes theory. Because of the proximity effect, the superconductor induces a gap in the ferromagnet spectrum, for thin ferromagnetic layers. The effect depends strongly on the exchange field in the ferromagnet. We find that as the thickness of the ferromagnetic layer increases, the gap disappears, and that its destruction arises from those quasiparticle excitations with wave vectors mainly along the interface. We discuss the influence that the interface quality and Fermi energy mismatch between the ferromagnet and superconductor have on the calculated energy gap. We also evaluate the density of states in the ferromagnet, and we find it in all cases consistent with the gap results. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Sensor & Signal Sci Div, China Lake, CA 93355 USA. RP Valls, OT (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RI Halterman, Klaus/G-3826-2012; OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134 NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT 15 PY 2003 VL 397 IS 3-4 BP 151 EP 158 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)01095-5 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 732ZR UT WOS:000185975900008 ER PT J AU Shender, BS Forster, EM Hrebien, L Ryoo, HC Cammarota, JP AF Shender, BS Forster, EM Hrebien, L Ryoo, HC Cammarota, JP TI Acceleration-induced near-loss of consciousness: The "A-LOC" syndrome SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE acceleration; A-LOC; loss of consciousness; near infrared spectroscopy; amnesia; confusion; muscle twitching; N-LOC AB Background: There is an insidious phenomenon that can occur when aircrew are exposed to +Gz stress even at levels that are insufficient to cause +Gz-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC). Under these circumstances aircrew exhibit an altered state of awareness that was termed Almost Loss of Consciousness (A-LOC) by the U.S. Navy in the late 1980's. A-LOC is a syndrome that includes a wide variety of cognitive, physical, emotional, and physiological symptoms. While A-LOC has been observed in centrifuge studies and reported in flight for over 15 yr, a definitive description of the syndrome does not exist. Methods: Nine subjects were exposed to short +6, 8, and 10 Gz pulses of increasing duration until they experienced G-LOC. Instrumentation included two channels of ECG and near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to measure relative cerebral tissue oxygenation (rSO(2)). Subjects indicated +Gz-induced visual symptoms (light loss, LL) by pressing a switch when LL began and releasing it when total vision was restored. Short-term memory loss was assessed using a simple math task. Data analysis included a description and the time course of the physical, physiological, cognitive and emotional responses. Results: There were 66 episodes of A-LOC that were identified out of a total of 161 +Gz pulse exposures. Many incidents of sensory abnormalities, amnesia, confusion, euphoria, difficulty in forming words, and reduced auditory acuity were documented. Often these responses occurred in multiple subjects and at different +Gz levels. One of the most common symptoms was a disconnection between cognition and the ability to act on it. There was a significant reduction in rSO(2) over baseline, greater overshoot in rSO(2) (increase in oxygenation above baseline after the +Gz exposure), faster fall in rSO(2) during +Gz stress and prolonged recovery time associated with A-LOC as compared with +Gz exposures without symptoms. Conclusion: Evaluation of the range of symptoms associated with A-LOC can lead to a program to increase pilots' awareness of the phenomenon and further our understanding of the relationship between the outward symptoms and the underlying physiological changes. C1 Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD USA. Drexel Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EDO M Tech, Huntingdon Valley, PA USA. RP Shender, BS (reprint author), NAWCAD, S Engn Ctr, Crew Syst Dept, Bldg 2187,Suite 2280,48110 Shaw Rd Unit 5, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 16 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 74 IS 10 BP 1021 EP 1028 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 726QG UT WOS:000185610000001 PM 14556561 ER PT J AU Lund, FH AF Lund, FH TI Untitled - Editor SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Letter C1 USN, Naval Air Depot, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. RP Lund, FH (reprint author), USN, Naval Air Depot, Naval Air Stn, Code 45120,Bldg 104 Mc, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 18 IS 10 BP COVER2 EP COVER2 PG 1 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 732BU UT WOS:000185921600002 ER PT J AU Gehlhausen, JM Klette, KL Stout, PR AF Gehlhausen, JM Klette, KL Stout, PR TI Occupational cocaine exposure of crime laboratory personnel preparing training aids for a military working dog program SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID URINE ANALYSIS; ABSORPTION C1 USN, Drug Screening Lab, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. USN, Criminal Investigat Serv, Reg Forens Lab, Norfolk, VA 23505 USA. RP Klette, KL (reprint author), USN, Drug Screening Lab, Naval Air Stn, Bldg H2033, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 27 IS 7 BP 453 EP 458 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 728JW UT WOS:000185714900009 PM 14606999 ER PT J AU Horn, CK Klette, KL Stout, PR AF Horn, CK Klette, KL Stout, PR TI LC-MS analysis of 2-oxo-3-hydroxy LSD from urine using a Speedisk (R) positive-pressure processor with Cerex (R) PolyChrom (TM) CLIN II columns SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LYSERGIC-ACID DIETHYLAMIDE; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; O-H-LSD; MAJOR METABOLITE; SPECIMENS C1 USN, Drug Screening Lab, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. Aegis Sci Corp, Nashville, TN 37210 USA. RP Klette, KL (reprint author), USN, Drug Screening Lab, Naval Air Stn, POB 113,H-2033, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 27 IS 7 BP 459 EP 463 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 728JW UT WOS:000185714900010 PM 14607000 ER PT J AU Barrozo, CP Russell, KL Smith, TC Hawksworth, AW Ryan, MAK Gray, GC AF Barrozo, CP Russell, KL Smith, TC Hawksworth, AW Ryan, MAK Gray, GC TI National department of defense surveillance data for antibiotic resistance and emm gene types of clinical group A streptococcal isolates from eight basic training military sites SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE RHEUMATIC-FEVER; SHOCK-LIKE SYNDROME; M-PROTEIN; ERYTHROMYCIN RESISTANCE; CHANGING EPIDEMIOLOGY; UNITED-STATES; INFECTIONS; PYOGENES; PHARYNGITIS; PROPHYLAXIS AB Antibiotic resistance and emm gene types were examined from 692 Group A streptococci isolates from eight United States military basic training sites between 1998 and 2001. Macrolide resistance was associated with geographic sites and emm type. These data are useful for vaccine development initiatives and antimicrobial treatment considerations. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dep Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Russell, KL (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dep Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 41 IS 10 BP 4808 EP 4811 DI 10.1128/JCM.41.10.4808-4811.2003 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 732CH UT WOS:000185922900055 PM 14532227 ER PT J AU Woo, JC Varma, SK Mahapatra, RN AF Woo, JC Varma, SK Mahapatra, RN TI Oxidation behavior and transmission electron microscope characterization of Ti-44Al-xNb-2(Ta,Zr) alloys SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Fundamentals of Structural Intermetallics CY FEB 17-21, 2002 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON ID ISOTHERMAL OXIDATION; TI-AL; AIR; 650-DEGREES-C; TI-22AL-25NB; NB AB Quaternary additions of 2 at. pct of Ta or Zr were made to the ternary Ti-44Al-xNb (X = 9 and 11) alloys to study the oxidation behavior at 900 degreesC, 950 degreesC, and 1000 degreesC for a period of 1 week. The Ta addition improves the oxidation resistance, while it is degraded by Zr compared to the ternary alloys. Identification of the oxides formed in the scale has been characterized by energy-dispersive atomic X-ray (EDAX) in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis of the microstructures developed during oxidation has been compared with Ti-44Al-xNb alloys in order to determine the influence of quaternary additions of Ta and Zr on the phase transformations taking place during the extended period of heating. The formation of spotty a, in the isolated gamma grains appears to be associated with the inferior oxidation resistance of xNb2Zr alloys. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20650 USA. RP Woo, JC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 34A IS 10 BP 2263 EP 2271 DI 10.1007/s11661-003-0290-y PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 728PK UT WOS:000185725400023 ER PT J AU Zarras, P Anderson, N Webber, C Irvin, DJ Irvin, JA Guenthner, A Stenger-Smith, JD AF Zarras, P Anderson, N Webber, C Irvin, DJ Irvin, JA Guenthner, A Stenger-Smith, JD TI Progress in using conductive polymers as corrosion-inhibiting coatings SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Positron and Positronium Chemistry CY JUL 07-12, 2002 CL KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE DE conductive polymer; synthesis; corrosion protection ID POSITRON-ANNIHILATION SPECTROSCOPY; POLYANILINE; FILMS; STEEL; PASSIVATION; BEHAVIOR; PREVENTION; PROTECTION; METALS; XPS AB A general review of the chemistry and corrosion control properties of electroactive polymers will be presented. These polymers are also known as conductive polymers (CPs), and this term will be used throughout this article. This paper will focus on both the synthesis of applicable CPs used for corrosion protection in various environments and their potential benefits over common organic barrier coatings. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Zarras, P (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Code 4T4220D,1 Adm Circle, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RI Irvin, Jennifer/C-7968-2013 OI Irvin, Jennifer/0000-0003-3500-8419 NR 65 TC 100 Z9 103 U1 3 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 68 IS 3-4 BP 387 EP 394 DI 10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00189-0 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 729NB UT WOS:000185778900011 ER PT J AU Horner, RD Kamins, KG Feussner, JR Grambow, SC Hoff-Lindquist, J Harati, Y Mitsumoto, H Pascuzzi, R Spencer, PS Tim, R Howard, D Smith, TC Ryan, MAK Coffman, CJ Kasarskis, EJ AF Horner, RD Kamins, KG Feussner, JR Grambow, SC Hoff-Lindquist, J Harati, Y Mitsumoto, H Pascuzzi, R Spencer, PS Tim, R Howard, D Smith, TC Ryan, MAK Coffman, CJ Kasarskis, EJ TI Occurrence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis among Gulf War veterans SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID US VETERANS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MORTALITY; TRAUMA AB Background: In response to Gulf War veterans' concerns of high rates of ALS, this investigation sought to determine if Gulf War veterans have an elevated rate of ALS. Methods: A nationwide epidemiologic case ascertainment study design was used to ascertain all occurrences of ALS for the 10-year period since August 1990 among active duty military and mobilized Reserves, including National Guard, who served during the Gulf War (August 2, 1990, through July 31, 1991). The diagnosis of ALS was confirmed by medical record review. Risk was assessed by the age-adjusted, average, annual 10-year cumulative incidence rate. Results: Among approximately 2.5 million eligible military personnel, 107 confirmed cases of ALS were identified for an overall occurrence of 0.43 per 100,000 persons per year. A significant elevated risk of ALS occurred among all deployed personnel (RR = 1.92; 95% CL = 1.29, 2.84), deployed active duty military (RR = 2.15, 95% CL = 1.38, 3.36), deployed Air Force (RR = 2.68, 95% CL = 1.24, 5.78), and deployed Army (RR = 2;04; 95% CL = 1.10, 3.77) personnel. Elevated, but nonsignificant, risks were observed for deployed Reserves and National Guard (RR = 2.50; 95% CL = 0.88, 7.07), deployed Navy (RR = 1.48, 95% CL = 0.62, 3.57), and deployed Marine Corps (RR = 1.13; 95% CL = 0.27, 4.79) personnel. Overall, the attributable risk associated with deployment was 18% (95% CL = 4.9%, 29.4%). Conclusions: Military personnel who were deployed to the Gulf Region during the Gulf War period experienced a greater post-war risk of ALS than those who were deployed to the Gulf. C1 NINDS, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. VA Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Durham, NC 27705 USA. VA Ctr Hlth Serv Res Primary Care, Durham, NC 27705 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC 27705 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Columbia Presbyterian Med Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. Indiana Univ, Med Ctr, Indianapolis, IN USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR USA. Durham VA Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27705 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Lexington VA Med Ctr, Lexington, KY 40511 USA. Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. RP Horner, RD (reprint author), NINDS, NSC Bldg,Room 2149,6001 Execut Blvd, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RI Grambow, Steven/E-1422-2015 OI Grambow, Steven/0000-0001-6037-3253 NR 23 TC 141 Z9 143 U1 0 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD SEP 23 PY 2003 VL 61 IS 6 BP 742 EP 749 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 723ZC UT WOS:000185460600006 PM 14504315 ER PT J AU Smith, TC Gray, GC Weir, JC Heller, JM Ryan, MAK AF Smith, TC Gray, GC Weir, JC Heller, JM Ryan, MAK TI Gulf War veterans and Iraqi nerve agents at Khamisiyah: Postwar hospitalization data revisited SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE exposure; environmental; exposure; occupational; hospitalization; military medicine; morbidity; Persian Gulf syndrome; veterans ID SELF-REPORTED SYMPTOMS; US VETERANS; HEALTH-STATUS; ILLNESS; EXPOSURE; EXPERIENCE; MORTALITY; SERVICE; TIME AB Chemical warfare agents were demolished by US soldiers at Khamisiyah, Iraq, in March 1991. The authors investigated postwar morbidity for Gulf War veterans, contrasting those who may have been exposed to low gaseous levels of nerve agents and those unlikely to have been exposed. Cox regression modeling was performed for hospitalizations from all causes and hospitalizations from diagnoses within 15 categories during the period March 10, 1991, through December 31, 2000, for the duration of active-duty status. After adjustment for all variables in the model, only two of 37 models suggested that personnel possibly exposed to subclinical doses of nerve agents might be at increased risk for hospitalization from circulatory diseases, specifically cardiac dysrhythmias. Of the 724 hospitalizations for cardiac dysrhythmias, 203 were in the potentially exposed group, slightly higher than expected (risk ratio=1.23, 95% confidence interval: 1.04, 1.44). The increase was small in comparison with potential observational variability, but the findings are provocative and warrant further evaluation. Veterans possibly exposed to nerve agents released by the Khamisiyah demolition were not found to be at increased risk for hospitalizations from any other chronic diseases nearly 10 years after the Gulf War. C1 US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. USA, Deployment Environm Surveillance Program, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Smith, TC (reprint author), US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 52 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD SEP 1 PY 2003 VL 158 IS 5 BP 457 EP 467 DI 10.1093/aje/kwg178 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 716QX UT WOS:000185040800010 PM 12936901 ER PT J AU Seltzer, MD AF Seltzer, MD TI Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry measurement of isotope ratios in depleted uranium contaminated soils SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE laser ablation; inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; ICP-MS; isotope ratios; depleted uranium ID LONG-LIVED RADIONUCLIDES; ICP-MS; DEAD-TIME; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; KOSOVO; URINE; ULTRATRACE AB Laser ablation of pressed soil pellets was examined as a means of direct sample introduction to enable inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) screening of soils for residual depleted uranium (DU) contamination. Differentiation between depleted uranium, an anthropogenic contaminant, and naturally occurring uranium was accomplished on the basis of measured (UPU)-U-235-U-238 isotope ratios. The amount of sample preparation required for laser ablation is considerably less than that typically required for aqueous sample introduction. The amount of hazardous laboratory waste generated is diminished accordingly. During the present investigation, U-235/U-238 isotope ratios measured for field samples were in good agreement with those derived from gamma spectrometry measurements. However, substantial compensation was required to mitigate the effects of impaired pulse counting attributed to sample inhomogeneity and sporadic introduction of uranium analyte into the plasma. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Seltzer, MD (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 57 IS 9 BP 1173 EP 1177 DI 10.1366/00037020360696053 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 720RR UT WOS:000185274200018 PM 14611049 ER PT J AU Wun-Fogle, M Restorff, JB Clark, AE Snodgrass, J AF Wun-Fogle, M Restorff, JB Clark, AE Snodgrass, J TI Magnetomechanical damping capacity of Tbx Dy1-xFe1.92(0.30 <= x <= 0.50) alloys SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Magnetics Conference CY MAR 30-APR 03, 2003 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS DE hysteresis; magnetomechanical damping; Terfenol AB The, stress-strain hysteresis losses of TbxDy1-xFe1.92(x = 0.30, 0.33, 0.40, 0.45, and 0.50) were measured at a variety of magnetic fields between 0 and 1600 Oe. Stress ranges from similar to0 to -10, -20, -40, and -60 MPa (the minus sign indicates compressive stresses) were used. The hysteresis loop area increased from 5.7 kJ/m(3) at x = 0.30 to 10 kJ/m(3) at x = 0.50 as the Tb concentration and the magnetic anisotropy increased. The position of the hysteresis loop shifted to larger compressive stresses as the magnetic field was increased allowing the strength of the damping to be controlled by the magnetic field. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Clark Associates, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. ETREMA Prod, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Wun-Fogle, M (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 5 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 39 IS 5 BP 3408 EP 3410 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2003.816166 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 728MZ UT WOS:000185722100382 ER PT J AU Brown, JR Mickle, RE Yates, M Zhai, J AF Brown, JR Mickle, RE Yates, M Zhai, J TI Optimizing an aerial spray for mosquito control SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Aqua-Reslin (R); aerial spray; model AB The role of proper flight line positioning was demonstrated to be critical for maximizing product efficacy when spraying in crosswinds by small-droplet spray strategies. Characterization studies indicated clearly that aircraft height, small drop emission distribution, and the ambient winds combine to dilute the spray cloud before impacting surface targets. A 5-fold increase in mortality was achieved when we used optimization techniques to position the aircraft during a crosswind treatment test. C1 Navy Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. REMSpC Spray Consultants, Ayr, ON, Canada. Bayer Environm Sci, Montvale, NJ 07645 USA. RP Brown, JR (reprint author), Navy Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 19 IS 3 BP 243 EP 250 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 722LB UT WOS:000185375300009 PM 14524546 ER PT J AU Hourani, LL Yuan, HX Bray, RM AF Hourani, LL Yuan, HX Bray, RM TI Psychosocial and health correlates of types of traumatic event exposures among US military personnel SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Research Symposium on Health Issues of Military and Veteran Women CY JUN 06-07, 2002 CL ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; VICTIMS; DISASTER; PREVALENCE; DEPRESSION; SYMPTOMS; IMPACT; SAMPLE; INJURY; WOMEN AB The prevalence of lifetime exposure to violence, natural disaster, or major accidents involving injuries or fatalities was examined in the largest population-based epidemiologic survey of U.S. military personnel to date. The psychosocial and health effects of types of exposure experience (witness only, victim/survivor, relief worker), gender differences, and social support were also evaluated. Over 15,000 active duty U.S. military personnel from stratified random samples of active duty U.S. personnel from all services responded to either mail questionnaires and/or worksite surveys. The lifetime exposure to one or more traumatic events was 65%; the most prevalent trauma for men was witnessing a major accident, and for women, witnessing a natural disaster. Victims of any traumatic event were at twice the risk of having two or more physical and mental health problems than nonexposed controls. Health outcomes of trauma exposure vary by type of traumatic event: type of exposure experience, rank, and gender. C1 Res Triangle Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92168 USA. RP Hourani, LL (reprint author), Res Triangle Inst, POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 45 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 7 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 168 IS 9 BP 736 EP 743 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 740LH UT WOS:000186403500012 PM 14529250 ER PT J AU Crum, NF Wallace, MR Stephan, K Blazes, DL Aronson, N Tasker, SA Thomas, AG Wegner, S Casper, C Wald, A Corey, L Brodine, SK AF Crum, NF Wallace, MR Stephan, K Blazes, DL Aronson, N Tasker, SA Thomas, AG Wegner, S Casper, C Wald, A Corey, L Brodine, SK TI Correlates of human herpesvirus-8 seropositivity among US military members recently infected with human immunodeficiency virus SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY OCT 24-27, 2002 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Int Dis Soc Amer ID SARCOMA-ASSOCIATED HERPESVIRUS; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; RISK-FACTORS; SEROEPIDEMIOLOGY; MEN; WOMEN; SEROCONVERSION AB Background: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), the cause of Kaposi's sarcoma, is common among HIV-infected persons. The exact route of transmission of HHV-8 in various populations is still debated. Goal: The goal was to define the correlates of HHV-8 infection among men recently infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Study Design: Three hundred forty-two HIV-infected U.S. military men were evaluated using a questionnaire. regarding potential risk factors and laboratory data, including HHV-8, herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), syphilis, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C serologies. Results: The seroprevalence of HHV-8 was 32%. HHV-8 was significantly associated with hepatitis B seropositivity (odds ratio [OR], 2.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5-4.1), and black ethnicity was negatively associated with HHV-8 (OR, 0.6; 95% Cl, 0.3-0.9) in the multivariate analysis. HHV-8 was not associated with drug use or hepatitis C seropositivity. Among men who have sex with men (MSM), HHV-8 infection correlated with hepatitis B seropositivity (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1-4.3) and HSV-2 (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.4-4.9). Among heterosexuals, the correlates of HHV-8 were different; blacks as compared with whites (OR, 0.3; 95% Cl, 0.1-0.8) and married versus single status (OR, 0.4; 95% Cl, 0.2-0.9) were associated with a lower rate of HHV-8 infection. Among heterosexuals, hepatitis B, HSV-2, and sexual behaviors were not associated with HHV-8. Conclusion: This study suggests that the seroprevalence of HHV-8 is increased in both MSM and heterosexual men with HIV infection, and that the route(s) of HHV-8 acquisition might be different between MSM and heterosexuals. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Infect Dis Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Program Infect Dis, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Crum, NF (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, KCA, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM nfcrum@nmcsd.med.navy.mil RI Wald, Anna/B-6272-2012 OI Wald, Anna/0000-0003-3486-6438 FU NIAID NIH HHS [U19 AI-31448, P01 AI-30731] NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 30 IS 9 BP 713 EP 718 DI 10.1097/01.OLQ.0000078627.30743.4A PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 719CB UT WOS:000185185100008 PM 12972795 ER PT J AU Sagi, HC Manos, R Benz, R Ordway, NR Connolly, PJ AF Sagi, HC Manos, R Benz, R Ordway, NR Connolly, PJ TI Electromagnetic field-based image-guided spine surgery part one: Results of a cadaveric study evaluating lumbar pedicle screw placement SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE image guided; lumbar spine; fluoroscopy; pedicle screw; electromagnetic field ID COMPUTER-ASSISTED SURGERY; RADIATION-EXPOSURE; FRAMELESS STEREOTAXIS; ACCURACY; INSERTION; FIXATION; FEASIBILITY; FLUOROSCOPY; TOMOGRAPHY; VERTEBRAE AB Study Design. Human cadaveric. Objectives. Compare the accuracy of electromagnetic field (EMF)-based image-guided lumbar pedicle screw insertion to conventional techniques using anatomic landmarks, and fluoroscopy. Background. Image-guided surgical systems that aid in spinal instrumentation seek to minimize radiation exposure and improve accuracy. EMF tracking-based image-guidance was developed in the hopes of eliminating line-of-sight restrictions seen with other systems. Materials and Methods. Sixteen fresh-frozen human cadavers were randomly allocated into three groups. Pedicle screws were inserted from L1 to L5 using only anatomic landmarks in group 1, fluoroscopy in group 2, and image-guidance in group 3. Insertion and total fluoroscopic time were recorded. Anatomic dissections were performed to assess screw placement. Results. Accuracy was 83%, 78%, and 95% for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. However, image-guided pedicle screw placement resulted in a 5% critical perforation rate whereas anatomic and fluoroscopic placement resulted in a 15% and 22% critical perforation rate, respectively. The average degree of perforation was 1.5 mm with image guidance, and 3.8 mm with fluoroscopic guidance (P < 0.05). Fluoroscopy time and insertion time per screw were not improved using image guidance. Conclusions. Our study has shown that when EMF tracking was used for image-guided lumbar pedicle screw placement, accuracy was improved and the incidence and degree of cortical perforations that may place neurovascular structures at risk was also reduced. Current system requirements for set-up and image acquisition, however, do add time to the procedure, and when factored in, do not yet result in a decrease in the use of fluoroscopy or screw insertion time. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Fresno, CA USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. SUNY Upstate Med Univ, Syracuse, NY USA. RP Sagi, HC (reprint author), Univ Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, 4th Floor,445 S Cedar Ave, Fresno, CA 93702 USA. EM eversosaggy@cs.com NR 40 TC 37 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD SEP 1 PY 2003 VL 28 IS 17 BP 2013 EP 2018 DI 10.1097/01.BRS.0000087851.51547.00 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 720EN UT WOS:000185248600017 PM 12973150 ER PT J AU Crum, NF Wallace, MR Lamb, CR Conlin, AMS Amundson, DE Olson, PE Ryan, MAK Robinson, TJ Gray, GC Earhart, KC AF Crum, NF Wallace, MR Lamb, CR Conlin, AMS Amundson, DE Olson, PE Ryan, MAK Robinson, TJ Gray, GC Earhart, KC TI Halting a pneumococcal pneumonia outbreak among United States Marine Corps trainees SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CHRONIC-CARE FACILITIES; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; PYOGENES INFECTION; DISEASE; PROPHYLAXIS; RESIDENTS; EXERCISE; CHILDREN; VACCINE AB Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of bacterial pneumonia in all age groups. Identifying outbreaks of pneumococcal disease and key risk factors may lead to improvements in vaccination and prevention strategies for high-risk groups. A significant outbreak of S. pneumoniae pneumonia that occurred among Marine recruits is reported here. Methods: An outbreak was investigated using standard microbiologic procedures and epidemiologic evaluation to define the extent of the outbreak, determine the microbiologic causative agent(s), identify risk factors for the development of disease, and institute preventive measures against further cases of pneumonia among recruits. Results: Fifty-two cases of radiographically confirmed pneumonia occurred among 3367 Marine recruits over a 2-week period in November 2000. Twenty-five of these cases occurred in a single company of 481 men, with an attack rate of 5.2%. Twelve of the 25 cases were caused by S. pneumoniae, serotypes 4 and 9v. The outbreak rapidly ended following isolation of cases, prophylaxis with oral azithromycin, and administration of the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine. Conclusions: This outbreak of pneumococcal disease occurred in the setting of intense military training and a crowded environment. The use of the pneumococcal vaccine year-round in military trainees and other high-risk populations to reduce pneumococcal disease should be considered. C1 USN, Clin Investigat Dept KCA, Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. USN, Environm & Prevent Med Unit 5, Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. USN Hosp, Oceanside, CA USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. RP Crum, NF (reprint author), USN, Clin Investigat Dept KCA, Med Ctr San Diego, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 48 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2003 VL 25 IS 2 BP 107 EP 111 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(03)00114-4 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 703TC UT WOS:000184296200005 PM 12880877 ER PT J AU Pavlin, JA Mostashari, F Kortepeter, MG Hynes, NA Chotani, RA Mikol, YB Ryan, MAK Neville, JS Gantz, DT Writer, JV Florance, JE Culpepper, RC Henretig, FM Kelley, PW AF Pavlin, JA Mostashari, F Kortepeter, MG Hynes, NA Chotani, RA Mikol, YB Ryan, MAK Neville, JS Gantz, DT Writer, JV Florance, JE Culpepper, RC Henretig, FM Kelley, PW TI Innovative surveillance methods for rapid detection of disease outbreaks and bioterrorism: Results of an interagency workshop on health indicator surveillance SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID ILLNESS; RECORDS; CITY C1 Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Syst, Silver Spring, MD USA. New York City Dept Hlth, New York, NY 10013 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Publ Hlth Serv, Washington, DC USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. New York City Dept Environm Protect, New York, NY USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USAF, Inst Environm Safety & Occupat Hlth Risk, Brooks AFB, TX USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Appl & Engn Stat, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Prince William Cty Hlth Dist, Manassas, VA USA. Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Clin Toxicol & Poison Control Dept, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Pavlin, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 22 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 FIFTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2003 VL 93 IS 8 BP 1230 EP 1235 DI 10.2105/AJPH.93.8.1230 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 708CG UT WOS:000184549100016 PM 12893601 ER PT J AU ElHalawani, SM Ly, NT Mahon, RT Amundson, DE AF ElHalawani, SM Ly, NT Mahon, RT Amundson, DE TI Exhaled nitric oxide as a predictor of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE asthma; dyspnea; exercise-induced bronchoconstriction; nitric oxide ID LUNG EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ASTHMATIC-PATIENTS; AIR; CHILDREN; SEVERITY; METHACHOLINE; INFLAMMATION; EXPRESSION; SYNTHASE; BRIDE AB Introduction: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is present in 40 to 90% of patients with asthma. Exhaled NO (eNO) levels have been correlated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, and have correlated with the degree of decrease in FEV1 with exercise. The purpose of our study was to examine whether eNO measurements prior to or after exercise could be used as a surrogate marker of exertional bronchoconstriction in a population referred specifically for the evaluation of EIB. Methods: We studied 50 consecutive subjects without a history of asthma who were referred for the clinical evaluation of EIB. eNO levels were measured prior to exercise challenge and every 5 min for a total of 30 min after exercise. Forced expiratory flows were measured prior to and serially after exercise challenge. Results: Seven subjects had a decrease in FEV1 of greater than or equal to 15% with exercise. The mean eNO level prior to exercise was 41 parts per billion (ppb) [median +/- SD, 23 +/- 42.2 ppb] in the EIB group and 25.6 ppb (median, 19.95 +/- 18.47 ppb) in the group without EIB. A receiver operator characteristic curve yielded a value of 0.636. When using an eNO level of < 12 ppb, the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value for FIB were 1.0, 0.31, 0.19, and 1.0, respectively; therefore, no one with a baseline eNO of < 12 ppb demonstrated FIB. Conclusions: No subjects with very low pre-exercise eNO levels (< 12 ppb) demonstrated bronchial hyperresponsiveness to exercise. eNO measurement may obviate the need for bronchoprovocation testing in patients who complain of exertional dyspnea. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Internal Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, San Diego, CA USA. RP Mahon, RT (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Clin Invest, KCA, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM rtmahon@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 26 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD AUG PY 2003 VL 124 IS 2 BP 639 EP 643 DI 10.1378/chest.124.2.639 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 712MG UT WOS:000184801000035 PM 12907554 ER PT J AU Riddle, JR Brown, M Smith, T Ritchie, C Brix, KA Romano, J AF Riddle, JR Brown, M Smith, T Ritchie, C Brix, KA Romano, J TI Chemical warfare and the Gulf War: A review of the impact on Gulf veterans' health SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; SELF-REPORTED EXPOSURES; GAS MASK PHOBIA; POSTWAR HOSPITALIZATION EXPERIENCE; COMPREHENSIVE CLINICAL-EVALUATION; CHRONIC MULTISYMPTOM ILLNESS; POPULATION-BASED SURVEY; OPERATION DESERT-STORM; TOKYO SUBWAY; US VETERANS AB It is unlikely that Gulf War veterans are suffering chronic effects from illnesses caused by chemical warfare nerve agent exposure. Extensive investigation and review by several expert panels have determined that no evidence exists that chemical warfare nerve agents were used during the Gulf War. At no time before, during, or after the war was there confirmation of symptoms among anyone, military or civilian, caused by chemical warfare nerve agent exposure. However, studies of Gulf War veterans have found belief that chemical weapons were used, significantly associated with both severe and mild-moderate illnesses. The psychological impact of a chemical warfare attack, either actual or perceived, can result in immediate and long-term health consequences. The deployment or war-related health impact from life-threatening experiences of the Gulf War, including the perceived exposure to chemical warfare agents, should be considered as an important cause of morbidity among Gulf War veterans. C1 The Pentagon, Hlth Affairs, Off Assistant Secretary Def, Washington, DC USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Riddle, JR (reprint author), USAF, BSC, Skyline 6,Suite 682,5109 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. NR 158 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2003 VL 168 IS 8 BP 606 EP 613 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AN UT WOS:000186550400005 PM 12943034 ER PT J AU Schallhorn, SC Kaupp, SE Tanzer, DJ Tidwell, J Laurent, J Bourque, LB AF Schallhorn, SC Kaupp, SE Tanzer, DJ Tidwell, J Laurent, J Bourque, LB TI Pupil size and quality of vision after LASIK SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Royal-Hawaiian-Eye CY JAN, 2002 CL WAIKOLOA, HAWAII SP Royal Hawaiian Eye ID IN-SITU KERATOMILEUSIS; LASER PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATECTOMY; CORNEAL REFRACTIVE SURGERY; CONTRAST SENSITIVITY; OPTICAL ABERRATIONS; MYOPIA; GLARE; ZONE; SATISFACTION AB Purpose: To evaluate factors related to the quality of vision after LASIK Design: Survey study. Participants: One hundred consecutive patients. Intervention: LASIK with a 6.0-mm elliptical ablation pattern without transition zone to treat mild to moderate myopia or astigmatism (preoperative manifest spherical equivalent [MSE], -4.79 +/- 1.33 diopters [D]; range, -2.88 to -9.25 D). The second eye was treated 1 month after the first. Main Outcome Measures: Completed questionnaires assessing night vision problems (glare, haze, and halo symptoms) before surgery and at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery in 97, 75, 81, and 66 subjects, respectively. Mesopic pupil size and preoperative and postoperative variables were analyzed with questionnaire data using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate regression analysis. Results: Patients with large mesopic pupils had significantly more reports of glare, haze, and halo than did those with smaller pupils in the treated eye at 1 month after surgery (P=0.02, P=0.03, and P=0.02, respectively ANOVA) and of glare at 3 months (P=0.05). Significant predictors of symptoms at 6 months, identified through multivariate regression analysis, included preoperative MSE (for glare and haze), preoperative contrast acuity (glare), postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA; haze), and residual cylinder (haze). Together, these factors accounted for only 19% of the overall variability in glare and 37% of the variability in haze responses. No relationship between pupils and symptoms was noted at 6 months after surgery in either the ANOVA or regression analysis group. Conclusions: Patients with large pupils had more quality of vision symptoms in the early postoperative period, but no correlation was observed 6 months after surgery. Factors related to long-term symptoms include the level of treatment (preoperative myopia), preoperative contrast acuity, postoperative UCVA, and residual cylinder. Most of the variability in visual quality could not be explained by preoperative or clinical outcome measures, including pupil size. (C) 2003 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Ophthalmol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Schallhorn, SC (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Ophthalmol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM scschallhorn@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 26 TC 86 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD AUG PY 2003 VL 110 IS 8 BP 1606 EP 1614 DI 10.1016/S0161-6420(03)00494-9 PG 9 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 710VK UT WOS:000184703400025 PM 12917181 ER PT J AU Ritchie, GD Hulme, ME Rossi, J AF Ritchie, GD Hulme, ME Rossi, J TI Treatment of spontaneous and chemically induced EEG paroxysms in the Fischer-344 rat with traditional antiepileptic drugs or AED+CGP 35348 polytherapy SO PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Review DE absence epilepsy; SWD; EEG paroxysms; aging models; antiepileptic drugs; Fischer-344 rats; CGP 35348; GABA(A); GABA(B) ID SPIKE-WAVE DISCHARGES; GENERALIZED ABSENCE SEIZURES; TRIMETHYLOLPROPANE PHOSPHATE TMPP; GABA(B) ANTAGONIST CGP-35348; GAMMA-HYDROXYBUTYRATE MODEL; LH/LH MOUSE MODEL; VALPROIC ACID; RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS; ANTICONVULSANT DRUGS; ANIMAL-MODELS AB Twenty-four Fischer-344 rats implanted with cortical electroencephalograph (EEG) electrodes were evaluated for frequency, duration, and mean duration (duration/frequency) of both spontaneous and chemically induced spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs) during earlier and later adulthood. Fischer-344 rats, exhibiting a low level of spontaneous SWDs during earlier adulthood, progressed to exhibit a significantly larger number and duration of SWDs during later adulthood. The convusant trimethylolpropane phosphate (TMPP), known to antagonize the GABA(A) inhibitory system through blockade of the chloride channel, induced or increased SWDs in every rat tested. Spontaneous or chemically induced SWDs in Fischer-344 rats were eliminated or reduced by several drugs used to control human absence seizures. The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)(B) antagonist CGP 35348 reduced spontaneous EEG paroxysms; CGP 35348 as a polytherapy with several traditional antiabsence treatments improved control of TMPP-induced seizures. It would appear that the Fischer-344 rat provides an excellent research alternative to use of genetically selected rodent strains for investigation of progression of absencelike epilepsy with aging, induction of SWDs by toxicant exposures, and treatment of spontaneous and chemically induced paroxysms. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, NEL, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Ritchie, GD (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, NEL, 2612 5th St,Area B,Bldg 433, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 89 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-5846 J9 PROG NEURO-PSYCHOPH JI Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry PD AUG PY 2003 VL 27 IS 5 BP 847 EP 862 DI 10.1016/S0278-5846(03)00144-1 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 719DG UT WOS:000185187900018 PM 12921919 ER PT J AU Russell, KL Gonzalez, MAM Watts, DM Lagos-Figueroa, RC Chauca, G Ore, M Gonzalez, JE Moron, C Tesh, RB Vinetz, JM AF Russell, KL Gonzalez, MAM Watts, DM Lagos-Figueroa, RC Chauca, G Ore, M Gonzalez, JE Moron, C Tesh, RB Vinetz, JM TI An outbreak of leptospirosis among Peruvian military recruits SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID VENEZUELAN EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS; ARMY TROOPS; REGION; INFECTIONS; DIAGNOSIS; PERSONNEL; FEVER; TESTS AB Acute undifferentiated febrile illnesses are common in tropical developing countries but are difficult to diagnose on clinical grounds alone. Leptospirosis is rarely diagnosed, despite evidence that sporadic cases and epidemics continue to occur worldwide. The purpose of this study was to diagnose an outbreak of acute undifferentiated febrile illness among Peruvian military recruits that developed after a training exercise in the high jungle rainforest of Peru. Of 193 military recruits, 78 developed an acute febrile illness with varied manifestations. Of these, 72 were found to have acute leptospirosis by a microscopic agglutination test (MAT). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using Leptospira biflexa antigen was insensitive for the detection of anti-leptospiral IgM antibodies compared with the MAT (20 of 72, 28%). This outbreak of acute undifferentiated febrile illness among Peruvian military recruits was due to leptospirosis. High clinical suspicion, initiation of preventative measures, and performance of appropriate diagnostic testing is warranted in similar settings to identify, treat, and prevent leptospirosis. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Lima, Peru. Peruvian Army, Tech Sch, Lima, Peru. Mil Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Lima, Peru. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Ctr Trop Dis, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. RP Russell, KL (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. OI Vinetz, Joseph/0000-0001-8344-2004 FU FIC NIH HHS [1R01TW005860-01] NR 26 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 69 IS 1 BP 53 EP 57 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 706WC UT WOS:000184477200012 PM 12932097 ER PT J AU Garland, CF Garland, FC Gorham, ED AF Garland, CF Garland, FC Gorham, ED TI Epidemiologic evidence for different roles of ultraviolet A and B radiation in melanoma mortality rates SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE malignant melanoma; epidemiology; ultraviolet A; ultraviolet B; international comparisons; mortality rates ID CUTANEOUS MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; VITAMIN-D-RECEPTOR; SUN EXPOSURE; HUMAN-SKIN; SUNSCREEN USE; RISK-FACTORS; SUNLIGHT-EXPOSURE; PIGMENTARY TRAITS; UNITED-STATES; PHOTOCARCINOGENESIS AB PURPOSE: The action spectrum of ultraviolet radiation mainly responsible for melanoma induction is unknown, but evidence suggests it could be ultraviolet A (UVA), which has a different geographic distribution than ultraviolet B (UVB). This study assessed whether melanoma mortality rates are more closely related to the global distribution of UVA or UVB. METHODS: UVA and UVB radiation and age-adjusted melanoma mortality rates were obtained for all 45 countries reporting cancer data to the World Health Organization. Stratospheric ozone data were obtained from NASA satellites. Average population skin pigmentation was obtained from skin reflectometry measurements. RESULTS: Paradoxically, melanoma mortality rates decreased with increasing UVB in men (r = -0.48, p < 0.001), and women (r = -0.57, p < 0.001), and with increasing UVA in both sexes. By contrast, rates were positively associated with increasing UVA/UVB ratio in men (r = + 0.49, p < 0.001) and women (r = + 0.55, p < 0.001). After multiple adjustment that included controlling for skin pigmentation, only UVA was associated with melanoma mortality rates in men (p < 0.02) with a suggestive but non-significant trend present in women (P = 0.12). CONCLUSIONS: UVA radiation was associated with melanoma mortality rates after controlling for UVB and average pigmentation. The results require confirmation in observational studies. Ann Epidemiol 2003; 13:395-404. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. RP Garland, CF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, 0631C,9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 61 TC 86 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 13 IS 6 BP 395 EP 404 DI 10.1016/S1047-2797(02)00461-1 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 704YV UT WOS:000184370300001 PM 12875796 ER PT J AU Schlegel, TT Wood, SJ Brown, TE Harm, DL Rupert, AH AF Schlegel, TT Wood, SJ Brown, TE Harm, DL Rupert, AH TI Effect of 30-min+3 Gz centrifugation on vestibular and autonomic cardiovascular function SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE orthostatic tolerance; otolith; baroreflex; Valsalva maneuver; motion sickness ID CARDIAC REFLEX RESPONSES; PARABOLIC FLIGHT; ORTHOSTATIC INTOLERANCE; BAROREFLEX ADAPTATION; MOTION SICKNESS; POWER SPECTRA; TILT; MECHANISMS; EXPOSURE; SYNCOPE AB Introduction: Repeated exposure to increased +Gz enhances human baroreflex responsiveness and improves tolerance to cardiovascular stress. However, it is not known whether such enhancements might also result from a single, more prolonged exposure to increased +Gz. Our study was designed to investigate whether baroreflex function and orthostatic tolerance are acutely improved by a single prolonged exposure to +3 Gz, and moreover, whether changes in autonomic cardiovascular function resulting from exposure to increased +Gz are correlated with changes in otolith function. Methods: We exposed 15 healthy human subjects to +3 Gz centrifugation for up to 30 min or until symptoms of incipient G-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) ensued. Tests of autonomic cardiovascular function both before and after centrifugation included: 1) power spectral determinations of beat-to-beat R-R intervals and arterial pressures; 2) carotid-cardiac baroreflex tests; 3) Valsalva tests; and 4) 30-min head-up tilt tests. Otolith function was assessed during centrifugation by the linear vestibulo-ocular reflex and both before and after centrifugation by measurements of ocular counterrolling and dynamic posturography. Results: Of the 15 subjects who underwent prolonged +3 G, 4 were intolerant to 30 min of head-up tilt before centrifugation but became tolerant to such tilt after centrifugation. The Valsalva-related baroreflex as well as a measure of the carotidcardiac baroreflex were also enhanced after centrifugation. No significant vestibular-autonomic relationships were detected beyond a vestibular-cerebrovascular interaction reported earlier in a subset of seven participants. Conclusions: A single prolonged exposure to +3 G centrifugation acutely improves baroreflex function and orthostatic tolerance. C1 NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Human Adaptat & Countermeasures Off, Houston, TX 77058 USA. USN, Aerosp Med Res Lab, Naval Air Stn, Pensacola, FL USA. Wyle Labs, Houston, TX USA. RP Schlegel, TT (reprint author), NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Human Adaptat & Countermeasures Off, Mail Code SK3, Houston, TX 77058 USA. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 74 IS 7 BP 717 EP 724 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 696RR UT WOS:000183901500004 PM 12862325 ER PT J AU Gunderson, EKE Hourani, LL AF Gunderson, EKE Hourani, LL TI The epidemiology of personality disorders in the US Navy SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID GENDER DIFFERENCES; PERSONNEL AB This study evaluated the incidence of first hospitalizations for personality disorders and their association with career outcomes for Navy enlisted personnel. Gender differences, rates for subtypes, and changes in hospital admission rates over time also were examined. Personnel who were first hospitalized with a personality disorder between 1980 and 1988 were followed through 1992 and were compared with a control group that did not manifest such pathology. Hospitalized personality disorder cases demonstrated pathology very early in their military careers, which was judged to have been present prior to enlistment in more than one-half of the cases. Women were more likely than men to have a first hospitalization for personality disorders. Rates in both men and women increased during the latter one-half of the 1980s and decreased during the early 1990s. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Longitudinal Studies & Hlth Sci Program, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Res Triangle Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Gunderson, EKE (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Longitudinal Studies & Hlth Sci Program, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 168 IS 7 BP 575 EP 582 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AM UT WOS:000186550300017 PM 12901471 ER PT J AU Brodine, S Shafer, MA AF Brodine, S Shafer, MA TI Combating chlamydia in the military: Why aren't we winning the war? SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; INVASIVE CERVICAL-CANCER; BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION; TRACHOMATIS INFECTIONS; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; FEMALE SOLDIERS; RISK; PREVENTION C1 San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Adolescent Med, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Brodine, S (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 30 IS 7 BP 545 EP 548 DI 10.1097/00007435-200307000-00003 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 699CE UT WOS:000184037700003 PM 12838081 ER PT J AU Ritchie, GD Still, KR Rossi, J Bekkedal, MYV Bobb, AJ Arfsten, DP AF Ritchie, GD Still, KR Rossi, J Bekkedal, MYV Bobb, AJ Arfsten, DP TI Biological and health effects of exposure to kerosene-based jet fuels and performance additives SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PETROLEUM MIDDLE DISTILLATES; AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL; HUMAN EPIDERMAL-KERATINOCYTES; LUNG EPITHELIAL-CELLS; RAT HEPATOMA-CELLS; BENZENE METABOLITES; TOLUENE EMBRYOPATHY; INHALATION EXPOSURE AB Over 2 million military and civilian personnel per year ( over 1 million in the United States) are occupationally exposed, respectively, to jet propulsion fuel-8 (JP-8), JP-8 + 100 or JP-5, or to the civil aviation equivalents Jet A or Jet A-1. Approximately 60 billion gallons of these kerosene-based jet fuels are annually consumed worldwide ( 26 billion gallons in the United States), including over 5 billion gallons of JP-8 by the militaries of the United States and other NATO countries. JP-8, for example, represents the largest single chemical exposure in the U. S. military (2.53 billion gallons in 2000), while Jet A and A-1 are among the most common sources of nonmilitary occupational chemical exposure. Although more recent figures were not available, approximately 4.06 billion gallons of kerosene per se were consumed in the United States in 1990 (IARC, 1992). These exposures may occur repeatedly to raw fuel, vapor phase, aerosol phase, or fuel combustion exhaust by dermal absorption, pulmonary inhalation, or oral ingestion routes. Additionally, the public may be repeatedly exposed to lower levels of jet fuel vapor/aerosol or to fuel combustion products through atmospheric contamination, or to raw fuel constituents by contact with contaminated groundwater or soil. Kerosene-based hydrocarbon fuels are complex mixtures of up to 260+ aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds (C-6-C17+; possibly 2000+ isomeric forms), including varying concentrations of potential toxicants such as benzene, n-hexane, toluene, xylenes, trimethylpentane, methoxyethanol, naphthalenes ( including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs], and certain other C-9-C-12 fractions (i.e., n-propylbenzene, trimethylbenzene isomers). While hydrocarbon fuel exposures occur typically at concentrations below current permissible exposure limits (PELs) for the parent fuel or its constituent chemicals, it is unknown whether additive or synergistic interactions among hydrocarbon constituents, up to six performance additives, and other environmental exposure factors may result in unpredicted toxicity. While there is little epidemiological evidence for fuel-induced death, cancer, or other serious organic disease in fuel-exposed workers, large numbers of self-reported health complaints in this cohort appear to justify study of more subtle health consequences. A number of recently published studies reported acute or persisting biological or health effects from acute, subchronic, or chronic exposure of humans or animals to kerosene-based hydrocarbon fuels, to constituent chemicals of these fuels, or to fuel combustion products. This review provides an in-depth summary of human, animal, and in vitro studies of biological or health effects from exposure to JP-8, JP-8 + 100, JP-5, Jet A, Jet A-1, or kerosene. C1 NHRC TD, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Ritchie, GD (reprint author), NHRC TD, 2612 5th St,Bldg 433,Area B, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM glenn.ritchie@wpafb.af.mil OI Bobb, Andrew/0000-0002-2369-8566 NR 420 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 6 U2 23 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-7404 EI 1521-6950 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL B JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health-Pt b-Crit. Rev. PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 6 IS 4 BP 357 EP 451 DI 10.1080/10937400390198655 PG 95 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 682CX UT WOS:000183074600002 PM 12775519 ER PT J AU Vaux, KK Kahole, NCO Jones, KL AF Vaux, KK Kahole, NCO Jones, KL TI Cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and cytarabine embropathy: Is apoptosis the common pathway? SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELL-DEATH; PREGNANCY; THERAPY; EMBRYOS; MICE; TERATOGENICITY; ANOMALIES; INVIVO AB BACKGROUND: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is an alkylating agent primarily used for the treatment of autoimmune disease and cancer. The purpose of this article is two-fold: first, to indicate that CP is a recognized human teratogen based on the features seen in a child prenatally exposed to this agent, as well as features seen in the previously reported cases; second, to suggest a common pathway to explain the similarity in the pattern of malformation seen in infants prenatally exposed to CP, in infants prenatally exposed to methotrexate (MTX), and in infants prenatally exposed to cytosine arabinoside (CA). METHODS: Case report and review of the literature of an infant prenatally exposed to CP during the first trimester with a specific pattern of malformation. Features are compared to seven previous reports. RESULTS: A common pattern of malformation is delineated including growth deficiency, hypoplasia of the calvarial and facial bones, and oligodactyly. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of a similar pattern of malformation among eight infants prenatally exposed to CP suggests that CP is a human teratogen. MTX and CA produce similar patterns of malformation in prenatally exposed infants despite very Efferent pharmocologic profiles and metabolism. We speculate that the phenotype is a consequence of apoptosis in certain cells which are susceptible to the effects of the teratogen at specific stages of development. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc(dagger). C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Cape Town, Sch Med, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. RP Jones, KL (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. EM klyons@ucsd.edu NR 32 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1542-0752 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 67 IS 6 BP 403 EP 408 DI 10.1002/bdra.10060 PG 6 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 720XG UT WOS:000185287100001 PM 12962283 ER PT J AU Gleeson, R Grosshans, F Hirsch, M Williams, RM AF Gleeson, R Grosshans, F Hirsch, M Williams, RM TI Algorithms for the recognition of 2D images of m points and n lines in 3D SO IMAGE AND VISION COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE image; recognition; rank; nullspace; image equations ID 6 LINES; INVARIANTS AB Let alpha be an ordered collection consisting of m points and n lines, m + n greater than or equal to 6, in three-dimensional space. Let beta be an ordered collection consisting of m points and n lines, m + n greater than or equal to 6, in two-dimensional space. Using alpha and beta, we construct a matrix M(alpha, beta) and, then, give two algorithms for determining whether beta is an image of a taken with a pinhole camera. These algorithms apply to any configuration, degenerate or not, consisting of points and lines. The first algorithm depends on the calculation of the nullspace of M(alpha, beta) and gives necessary and sufficient conditions for beta to be an image of alpha, if the data can be read exactly. The second algorithm depends only on the rank of M(alpha, beta) and can be used if errors arise in reading the data; this algorithm also gives equations which any image of a must satisfy. In the special case m + n = 6, there is a single equation J(alpha,beta) = 0 which must hold if beta is an image of alpha. We show that J(alpha, beta) is simply the determinant of M(alpha,beta). We conclude with a discussion of some computational aspects of the theory. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 W Chester Univ Penn, Dept Math, W Chester, PA 19383 USA. Coll New Jersey, Dept Phys, Ewing, NJ 08628 USA. Aerosp Mass Properties Anal Corp, N Wales, PA 19454 USA. USN, Miss Comp & Proc Branch, Air Warfare Ctr, Aircraft Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Grosshans, F (reprint author), W Chester Univ Penn, Dept Math, W Chester, PA 19383 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0262-8856 J9 IMAGE VISION COMPUT JI Image Vis. Comput. PD JUN 1 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 6 BP 497 EP 504 DI 10.1016/S0262-8856(03)00029-5 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Optics GA 688BA UT WOS:000183411300003 ER PT J AU Ditchburn, RJ Burke, SK Posada, M AF Ditchburn, RJ Burke, SK Posada, M TI Eddy-current nondestructive inspection with thin spiral coils: Long cracks in steel SO JOURNAL OF NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE eddy current; nondestructive; detection; inspection; flexible spiral coil; cracks; slots; steel; impedance ID CURRENT SENSORS; SURFACE CRACKS; CURRENT PROBE; IMPEDANCE; ARRAY; INDUCTANCE; PROXIMITY AB The impedance of a cylindrical coil and a planar circular spiral coil carrying an alternating current above (i) a defect-free conducting magnetic half-space and (ii) a conducting magnetic half-space containing an infinitely long slot with uniform depth and width is examined in detail. Closed-form expressions for the coil impedance in these cases are presented, based on the theories of Dodd and Deeds and Harfield and Bowler. The validity of these expressions is tested by measurements using steel plates over the frequency range 100 Hz-10 MHz. The theoretical predictions are in good agreement with experiment, with the best agreement for the smallest slot width. The results confirm that thin, flexible spiral coils offer some attractive features for eddy-current detection of cracks in metals, particularly in terms of sensitivity and potential for unobtrusive permanent attachment to the material being inspected. Approximate expressions for a spiral coil above a defect-free magnetic half-space are also given to allow easy calculation in limiting cases. C1 Def Sci & Technol Org, Fishermans Bend, Vic 3207, Australia. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Ditchburn, RJ (reprint author), Def Sci & Technol Org, 506 Lorimer St, Fishermans Bend, Vic 3207, Australia. NR 24 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 24 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0195-9298 J9 J NONDESTRUCT EVAL JI J. Nondestruct. Eval. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 22 IS 2 BP 63 EP 77 DI 10.1023/A:1026340510696 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 738CM UT WOS:000186269200003 ER PT J AU Mansour, AN Smith, PH Baker, WM Balasubramanian, M McBreen, J AF Mansour, AN Smith, PH Baker, WM Balasubramanian, M McBreen, J TI Comparative in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of nanophase V2O5 aerogel and ambigel cathodes (vol 150, pg A403, 2003) SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Correction C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Mat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Mansour, AN (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Code 644, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 150 IS 6 BP L13 EP L13 DI 10.1149/1.1574327 PG 1 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 679RK UT WOS:000182935600066 ER PT J AU Crum, NF Lederman, ER Hale, BR Lim, ML Wallace, MR AF Crum, NF Lederman, ER Hale, BR Lim, ML Wallace, MR TI A cluster of disseminated coccidioidomycosis cases at a US military hospital SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CALIFORNIA; OUTBREAK; DISEASE AB We recently evaluated a cluster of cases of disseminated coccidioidomycosis referred to the Naval Medical Center San Diego. Between March and June of 2002, seven cases were diagnosed and treated. In a 5-year record review (March 1997-February 2002), we found only seven cases of disseminated disease attributable to Coccidioides immitis at the same institution. This report of seven cases over a 3-month period represents a 20-fold increase in the number of complicated C. immitis infections. All cases were non-Caucasians, had disseminated disease to bone and/or skin without meningeal involvement, and had a delay of 1.5 to 6 months from symptom onset until the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis. Four of our cases occurred in previously healthy, young active duty members, emphasizing the importance of this mycosis in U.S. military personnel. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Infect Dis, Dept Internal Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Crum, NF (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Infect Dis, Dept Internal Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 168 IS 6 BP 460 EP 464 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AK UT WOS:000186550100008 PM 12834136 ER PT J AU Witzmann, FA Bobb, A Briggs, GB Coppage, HN Hess, RA Li, JY Pedrick, NM Ritchie, GD Rossi, J Still, KR AF Witzmann, FA Bobb, A Briggs, GB Coppage, HN Hess, RA Li, JY Pedrick, NM Ritchie, GD Rossi, J Still, KR TI Analysis of rat testicular protein expression following 91-day exposure to JP-8 jet fuel vapor SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Siena Meeting on From Genome to Proteome CY SEP 02-05, 2002 CL SIENA, ITALY DE jet fuel; rat; testis; toxicity; two-dimensional gel electrophoresis ID ETHYLENE-GLYCOL MONOMETHYL; LUNG EPITHELIAL-CELLS; DERMAL APPLICATION; PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; SEMEN QUALITY; UP-REGULATION; N-HEXANE; TESTIS; SPERMATOGENESIS; TOXICITY AB We analyzed protein expression in preparations from whole testis in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed for 6 h/d for 91 consecutive days to jet propulsion fuel-8 (JP-8) in the vapor phase (0, 250, 500, or 1000 mg/m(3) +/- 10%), simulating a range of possible human occupational exposures. Whole body inhalation exposures were carefully controlled to eliminate aerosol phase, and subjects were sacrificed within 48 h postexposure. Organ fractions were solubilized and separated via large-scale, high resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis, and gel patterns scanned, digitized and processed for statistical analysis. Seventy-six different testis proteins were significantly increased or decreased in abundance in vapor-exposed groups, compared to controls, and dose-response profiles were often nonlinear A number of the proteins were identified by peptide mass fingerprinting and related to histopathological or physiological deficits shown in previously published studies to occur with repeated exposure to hydrocarbon fuels or solvents. These results demonstrate a significant effect of JP-8 exposure on protein expression, particularly in protein expression in the rodent testis, and suggest that a 91 d exposure to jet fuel vapor induces changes of equal or greater magnitude to those reported previously for shorter duration JP-8 aerosol exposures. C1 Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cellular & Integrat Physiol, Biotechnol Res & Training Ctr, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Geocenters Inc, Arlington, VA USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Vet Biosci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Witzmann, FA (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cellular & Integrat Physiol, Biotechnol Res & Training Ctr, Room 308,1345 W 16th St, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. OI Bobb, Andrew/0000-0002-2369-8566 NR 63 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1615-9853 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD JUN PY 2003 VL 3 IS 6 BP 1016 EP 1027 DI 10.1002/pmic.200300385 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 697CL UT WOS:000183924600025 PM 12833526 ER PT J AU Kellogg, RA Flatau, AB Clark, AE Wun-Fogle, M Lograsso, TA AF Kellogg, RA Flatau, AB Clark, AE Wun-Fogle, M Lograsso, TA TI Texture and grain morphology dependencies of saturation magnetostriction in rolled polycrystalline Fe83Ga17 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AL ALLOYS; FE-GA AB Textured polycrystalline Fe-Ga alloys exhibit magnetostrictive strains of 100 ppm or greater and may function as a mechanically robust actuator/sensing material. Current efforts seek to combine the 300+ ppm magnetostrictive strain performance of [100] oriented single crystals with the mechanical properties of polycrystalline forms. One approach to combining these properties is to control the crystallographic texture through deformation processing such as rolling. To determine the relationship between saturation magnetostriction, degree of texturing, and grain morphology we compare the results of three-dimensional finite element simulations with the analytical solution for a random polycrystal and the experimental responses of rolled polycrystalline Fe83Ga17. Textured specimens were produced through rolling reductions up to 99% of an as-cast ingot and a subsequent 1100 or 590 degreesC anneal. The high temperature anneal produced a recrystallized grain structure having a wide variation in crystal orientation as determined by orientation imaging microscopy. This recrystallized specimen exhibited a net magnetostriction of similar to170 ppm in the rolling direction and was well correlated with the finite element model result. The low temperature annealed specimen possessed fine elongated grains having dispersed {001}[110] and {111}[211] textures. Net magnetostrictions of 30 and 37 ppm were measured in the rolling direction and 45degrees off the rolling direction, respectively. The low magnetostriction value in the 45degrees direction disagrees substantially with the finite element solution of 157 ppm and suggests that unknown factors are dominating the response. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Clark Associates, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kellogg, RA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 10 TC 25 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 10 BP 8495 EP 8497 DI 10.1063/1.1540062 PN 3 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 677TA UT WOS:000182822600281 ER PT J AU Miller, JC Cardenas, R Vega, LR Hickey, PA Michel, AM Brown, L Dyche, J Carr, W AF Miller, JC Cardenas, R Vega, LR Hickey, PA Michel, AM Brown, L Dyche, J Carr, W TI Effects of three watchstanding schedules on submariner sleep physiology SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 03-08, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Assoc Prof Sleep Soc C1 USAF, Res Lab, San Antonio, TX USA. NTI Inc, San Antonio, TX USA. Veridian Engn, San Antonio, TX USA. USN, Submarine Med Res Lab, Groton, CT USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 26 BP A424 EP A424 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 677ZY UT WOS:000182841101069 ER PT J AU Hight, NG McFadden, SL Henderson, D Burkard, RF Nicotera, T AF Hight, NG McFadden, SL Henderson, D Burkard, RF Nicotera, T TI Noise-induced hearing loss in chinchillas pre-treated with glutathione monoethylester and R-PIA SO HEARING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE noise-induced hearing loss; protection; glutathione ID ADENOSINE RECEPTORS; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; ACOUSTIC TRAUMA; DAMAGE; COCHLEA; EXPOSURE; RADICALS; REPERFUSION; MONOESTERS; GENERATION AB The protective effects of glutathione monoethylester (GEE) and GEE in combination with R-N6-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) were evaluated in the chinchilla when exposed to impulse (145 dB pSPL) or continuous (105 dB SPL, 4 kHz OB) noise. Six groups of 10 chinchillas were used as subjects. Before exposure to noise, the subjects were anesthetized, a 30 PI drop of drug was placed on the round window (GEE [50, 100, 150 mM], GEE 50 mM and R-PIA). Forty minutes later the subject was exposed to either impulse or continuous noise. The 50 mM treatment provided significant protection from impulse noise, but not from continuous noise exposure. The combination provided significant protection from both the continuous and impulse noise. In a separate set of experiments, glutathione:(GSH) levels were measured in the perilymph. All the drug treatments elevated GSH levels. The results are discussed in terms of antioxidant treatments as a prophylactic measure against noise-induced hearing loss. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Buffalo, Ctr Hearing & Deafness, Buffalo, NY 14226 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Communicat Disorders & Sci, Buffalo, NY 14226 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. RP Henderson, D (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Ctr Hearing & Deafness, 215 Parker Hall, Buffalo, NY 14226 USA. EM donaldhe@acsu.buffalo.edu FU NIDCD NIH HHS [1 P01 DC03600-01A1] NR 53 TC 66 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-5955 J9 HEARING RES JI Hear. Res. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 179 IS 1-2 BP 21 EP 32 DI 10.1016/S0378-5955(03)00067-4 PG 12 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Neurosciences; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 679ZB UT WOS:000182950900003 PM 12742235 ER PT J AU Swaminathan, R Bhaskaran, H Sandborn, PA Subramanian, G Deeds, MA Cochran, KR AF Swaminathan, R Bhaskaran, H Sandborn, PA Subramanian, G Deeds, MA Cochran, KR TI Reliability assessment of delamination in chip-to-chip bonded MEMS packaging SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ADVANCED PACKAGING LA English DT Article DE chip-to-chip bonding; delamination; die shear; MEMS; MEMS packaging; reliability; scanning acoustic microscopy ID DEVICES AB The bond layer is often the weakest link in the reliability of chip packages in the integrated circuit (IC) industry. Micro-electrical-mechanical systems (MEMS) packages are no exception to this trend. This paper presents a nondestructive methodology for determining delamination in chip-to-chip bonded MEMS. Experimental methods are used to determine the adhesive layer strength in samples subjected to environmental testing, and the reliability of the bonding layer is investigated. A simulation is performed using inputs from scanning acoustic microscopy, And simulation model results are correlated with the experimental die shear measurements to establish the validity of the nondestructive methodology for determining adhesive layer strength.. C1 Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Holmdel, NJ 07733 USA. Univ Maryland, CALCE Elect Prod & Syst Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Swaminathan, R (reprint author), Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, 101 Crawford Corner Rd, Holmdel, NJ 07733 USA. OI Bhaskaran, Harish/0000-0003-0774-8110 NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1521-3323 J9 IEEE T ADV PACKAGING JI IEEE Trans. Adv. Packag. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 26 IS 2 BP 141 EP 151 DI 10.1109/TADVP.2003.817344 PG 11 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 725PD UT WOS:000185550800006 ER PT J AU Rentmeister-Bryant, HK Elliott, WR Hatcher, R Zwick, H AF Rentmeister-Bryant, HK Elliott, WR Hatcher, R Zwick, H TI Contrast/acuity threshold testing and simultaneous cSLO retinal imaging in task oriented rhesus monkeys SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 04, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 USA, Med Res Det, WRAIR, San Antonio, TX USA. NHRC, Laser Dept, DET, Brooks AFB, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 2 MA 4960 BP U682 EP U682 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CK UT WOS:000184607002420 ER PT J AU Blood, CG AF Blood, CG TI Untitled - Reply SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Letter C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Blood, CG (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2003 VL 54 IS 5 BP 1037 EP 1037 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 687BN UT WOS:000183356100045 ER PT J AU Sharma, J Teter, JP Abbundi, RJ Guardala, NA AF Sharma, J Teter, JP Abbundi, RJ Guardala, NA TI Determination of radiation exposure history of common materials and computer hardware by using atomic (and magnetic force) microscopy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Defects produced by ionizing radiation are smaller than a micrometer and are unobservable in an optical microscope. An atomic force microscope was utilized to reveal their counts and structure in common materials like mica, silicon, organic solids, polymers, sugar, quartz, and calcite. A magnetic force microscope has shown the damage of radiation on computer hard disks. The present work shows that exposure to radioactive material leaves a permanent record, which can be read for dosimetric or forensic purposes by using atomic force microcopy on common objects or a magnetic force microscope on magnetic media. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Sharma, J (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 7 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 14 BP 2236 EP 2238 DI 10.1063/1.1565184 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 663RH UT WOS:000182018800014 ER PT J AU Carrion, G Hierholzer, J Montano, S Alava, A Perez, J Guevara, A Laguna-Torres, V Mosquera, C Russell, K Cruz, C Chauca, G Kochel, T Birx, DL Sanchez, JL Carr, JK AF Carrion, G Hierholzer, J Montano, S Alava, A Perez, J Guevara, A Laguna-Torres, V Mosquera, C Russell, K Cruz, C Chauca, G Kochel, T Birx, DL Sanchez, JL Carr, JK TI Circulating recombinant form CRF02_AG in South America SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; HIV TYPE-1; SUBTYPE-A; GENETIC DIVERSITY; NIGERIA; IDENTIFICATION; PREDOMINANCE; AFRICA AB With the objective of monitoring the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) in South America, population-based surveillance studies were performed in seven countries. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, filter paper, fresh blood, and cocultivation samples were collected from HIV-positive patients from Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay, during a 7-year period (1995-2001). DNA was prepared and HIV envelope subtypes were determined by heteroduplex mobility assay and DNA sequencing from 1289 HIV-positive samples. While subtypes B and F were the most commonly observed subtypes, two CRF02_AG strains were detected, in Ecuador. This is the first report of the existence of this CRF in South America. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Natl Inst Hyg, Guayaquil, Ecuador. Hosp Vozandes, Clin Invest Lab, Quito, Ecuador. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Amer Embassy NMRCD, Unit 3800, APO, AA 34031 USA. RP Carrion, G (reprint author), Amer Embassy NMRCD, Unit 3800, APO, AA 34031 USA. NR 23 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD APR PY 2003 VL 19 IS 4 BP 329 EP 332 DI 10.1089/088922203764969537 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 672EW UT WOS:000182509100009 PM 12816083 ER PT J AU Araneta, MRG Schlangen, KM Edmonds, LD Destiche, DA Merz, RD Hobbs, CA Flood, TJ Harris, JA Krishnamurti, D Gray, GC AF Araneta, MRG Schlangen, KM Edmonds, LD Destiche, DA Merz, RD Hobbs, CA Flood, TJ Harris, JA Krishnamurti, D Gray, GC TI Prevalence of birth defects among infants of gulf war veterans in Arkansas, Arizona, California, Georgia, Hawaii, and Iowa, 1989-1993 SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aortic valve stenosis; birth defects; Gulf War veterans; hypospadias; Persian Gulf War; renal agenesis or hypoplasia; tricuspid valve insufficiency; tricuspid valve regurgitation ID PATERNAL EXPOSURES; RISK; HYPOSPADIAS; CRYPTORCHIDISM; CHILDREN; BORN; PREGNANCY AB BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies of birth defects among infants of Gulf War veterans (GWV) have been limited to military hospitals, anomalies diagnosed among newborns, or self-reported data. This study was conducted to measure the prevalence of birth defects among infants of GWVs and nondeployed veterans (NDV) in states that conducted active case ascertainment of birth defects between 1989-93. METHODS: Military records of 684,645 GWVs and 1,587,102 NDVs were electronically linked with 2,314,908 birth certificates from Arizona, Hawaii, Iowa, and selected counties of Arkansas, California, and Georgia; 11,961 GWV infants and 33,052 NDV infants were identified. Of these, 450 infants had mothers who served in the Gulf War, and 3966 had NDV mothers. RESULTS: Infants conceived postwar to male GWVs had significantly higher prevalence of tricuspid valve insufficiency (relative risk [RR], 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-6.6; p = 0.039) and aortic valve stenosis (RR, 6.0; 95% Cl, 1.2-31.0; p 0.026) compared to infants conceived postwar to NDV males. Among infants of male GWVs, aortic valve stenosis (RR, 16.3; 95% Cl, 0.09-294; p = 0.011) and renal agenesis or hypoplasia (RR, 16.3; 95% Cl, 0.09-294; p = 0.011) were significantly higher among infants conceived postwar than prewar. Hypospadias was significantly higher among infant sons conceived postwar to GWV women compared to NDV women (RR, 6.3; 95% Cl, 1.5-26.3; p - 0.015). CONCLUSION: We observed a higher prevalence of tricuspid valve insufficiency, aortic valve stenosis, and renal agenesis or hypoplasia among infants conceived postwar to GWV men, and a higher prevalence of hypospadias among infants conceived postwar to female GWVs. We did not have the ability to determine if the excess was caused by inherited or environmental factors, or was due to chance because of myriad reasons, including multiple comparisons. Although the statistical power was sufficient to compare the combined birth defects prevalence, larger sample sizes were needed for less frequent individual component defects. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Birth Defects & Pediat Genet Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Hawaii Birth Defects Program, Honolulu, HI USA. Arkansas Reprod Hlth Monitoring Syst, Little Rock, AR USA. Arizona Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Phoenix, AZ USA. California Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Emeryville, CA USA. Iowa Birth Defects Registry, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Araneta, MRG (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, 9500 Gilman Dr,0607 Stein Clin Res Bldg,Room 349, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 36 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1542-0752 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 4 BP 246 EP 260 DI 10.1002/bdra.10033 PG 15 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 720XE UT WOS:000185286800005 PM 12854660 ER PT J AU Iskandar, M Reyes, D Gaxiola, Y Fudge, E Foyos, J Lee, EW Kalu, P Garmestani, H Ogren, J Es-Said, OS AF Iskandar, M Reyes, D Gaxiola, Y Fudge, E Foyos, J Lee, EW Kalu, P Garmestani, H Ogren, J Es-Said, OS TI On identifying the most critical step in the sequence of heat treating operations in a 7249 aluminum alloy SO ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE age hardening; faulty heat treatments; tensile strength; quenching media AB The variables studied in the heat treatment processes of the 7249 aluminum alloy were 5 solution treatment temperatures (445-505degreesC), 3 quenching media (water, 20% polyalkylene glycol, and air), 3 natural aging times (0, 4, and 168 h) and 3 artificial aging temperatures (111, 121, and 131degreesC). The effect of varying these parameters on the mechanical strength was discussed. Quenching is identified to be the most critical step in this process. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Loyola Marymount Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Natl Sci Fdn, Res Experience Undergrad Program, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. FSU, FAMU, Coll Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Es-Said, OS (reprint author), Loyola Marymount Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Natl Sci Fdn, Res Experience Undergrad Program, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1350-6307 J9 ENG FAIL ANAL JI Eng. Fail. Anal. PD APR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 2 BP 199 EP 207 AR PII S1350-6307(02)00049-3 DI 10.1016/S1350-6307(02)00049-3 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 647KP UT WOS:000181092200005 ER PT J AU Roy, MJ Seegers, C Deuster, P Law, W Cherstniakova, S Young, S Sato, P Kamens, D Cantilena, L AF Roy, MJ Seegers, C Deuster, P Law, W Cherstniakova, S Young, S Sato, P Kamens, D Cantilena, L TI Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of combination preventive treatment with pyridostigmine, deet, and permethrin. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 30-MAY 03, 2003 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 18 SU 1 BP 270 EP 270 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 673DF UT WOS:000182564301112 ER PT J AU Linskey, ME Johnstone, PAS O'Leary, M Goetsch, S AF Linskey, ME Johnstone, PAS O'Leary, M Goetsch, S TI Radiation exposure of normal temporal bone structures during stereotactically guided gamma knife surgery for vestibular schwannomas SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE gamma knife; stereotactic radiosurgery; vestibular schwannoma ID SENSORINEURAL HEARING-LOSS; STEREOTAXIC RADIOSURGERY; IRRADIATION; EAR AB Object. The dosimetry of radiation exposure of healthy inner, middle, and external ear structures that leads to hearing loss, tinnitus, facial weakness, dizziness, vertigo, and imbalance after gamma knife surgery (GKS) for vestibular schwannomas (VSs) is unknown. The authors quantified the dose of radiation received by these structures after GKS for VS to assess the likelihood that these doses contributed to postradiosurgery complications. Methods. A retrospective study was performed using a prospectively acquired database of a consecutive series of 54 patients with VS who were treated with GKS during a 3.5-year period at an "open unit" gamma knife center. Point doses were measured for 18 healthy temporal bone structures in each patient, with the anatomical position of each sampling point confirmed by a fellowship-trained neurootologist. These values were compared against single-dose equivalents for the 5-year tolerance dose for a 5% risk of complications and the 5-year tolerance dose for a 50% risk of complications, which were calculated using known 2-Gy/fraction thresholds for chronic otitis, chondromalacia, and osseous necrosis, as well as the tumor margin dose and typical tumor margin prescription doses for patients in whom hearing preservation was attempted. External and middle ear doses were uniformly low. The intratemporal facial nerve is susceptible to unintentionally high radiation exposure at the fundus of the internal auditory canal, with higher than tumor margin doses detected in 26% of cases. In the cochlea, the basal turn near the modiolus and its inferior portion are most susceptible, with doses greater than 12 Gy detected in 10.8 and 14.8% of cases. In the vestibular labyrinth, the ampulated ends of the lateral and posterior semicircular canals are most susceptible, with doses greater than 12 Gy detected in 7.4 and 5.1% of cases. Conclusions. Doses delivered to middle and external ear structures are unlikely to contribute to post-GKS complications, but unexpectedly high doses may be delivered to sensitive areas of the intratemporal facial nerve and inner ear. Unintentional delivery of high doses to the stria vascularis, the sensory neuroepithelium of the inner ear organs and/or their ganglia, may play a role in the development of post-GKS tinnitus, hearing loss, dizziness, vertigo, and imbalance. Minimizing treatment complications post-GKS for VS requires precise dose planning conformality with the three-dimensional surface of the tumor. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Univ Arkansas, Dept Neurosurg, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. San Diego Gamma Knife Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA. RP Johnstone, PAS (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM pajohnstone@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 37 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA UNIV VIRGINIA, 1224 WEST MAIN ST, STE 450, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0022-3085 J9 J NEUROSURG JI J. Neurosurg. PD APR PY 2003 VL 98 IS 4 BP 800 EP 806 DI 10.3171/jns.2003.98.4.0800 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 662AD UT WOS:000181922400012 PM 12691405 ER PT J AU Mansour, AN Smith, PH Baker, WM Balasubramanian, M McBreen, J AF Mansour, AN Smith, PH Baker, WM Balasubramanian, M McBreen, J TI A comparative in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of nanophase V2O5 aerogel and ambigel cathodes SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION; LITHIUM INTERCALATION; VANADIUM-OXIDE; K-EDGE; BATTERIES; XEROGEL; XAS; SPECTRA AB We examined the evolution of the oxidation state and atomic structure of V in nanophase V2O5 aerogel and ambigel cathodes under in situ conditions using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). We show that the oxidation state of V in V2O5 aerogel and ambigel cathodes heated under vacuum (100 muTorr) at 220degreesC for 16 h is similar to that of V in a commercially obtained sample of orthorhombic V2O5. However, the local structure of V in aerogel and ambigel V2O5 has a higher degree of local symmetry relative to orthorhombic V2O5 and/or the average V-O bond length is greater than that of orthorhombic V2O5. Furthermore, we show that during the first cycle of discharge, the degree of Li insertion (x in Li-x V2O5) for the ambigel cathode is greater than that of the aerogel cathode (x = 3.06 for the ambigel cathode compared to x = 2.68 for the aerogel cathode) for the same cut-off voltage. Accordingly, the observed V K-edge energy shift for the fully discharged ambigel cathode is greater than that observed for the fully discharged aerogel cathode, and hence, the extent of reduction of pentavalent V is greater for the ambigel cathode. In both cases, the extent of reduction of the V is consistent with the amount of Li inserted (i.e., Li-x V2O5). Initially, pentavalent V is reduced to tetravalent V in the intercalation range 0 < x < 2 and then tetravalent V is reduced to trivalent V upon insertion of more Li (x > 2). Analyses of Fourier transform data reveal that V has a higher degree of local symmetry in the discharged state relative to that of the charged state. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Mat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Code 644, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM MansourAN@nswccd.navy.mil NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 EI 1945-7111 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD APR PY 2003 VL 150 IS 4 BP A403 EP A413 DI 10.1149/1.1554911 PG 11 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 654UU UT WOS:000181515100001 ER PT J AU Mahalanobis, A Sims, SRF Van Nevel, A AF Mahalanobis, A Sims, SRF Van Nevel, A TI Signal-to-clutter measure for measuring automatic target recognition performance using complimentary eigenvalue distribution analysis SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE signal-to-clutter ratio; automatic target recognition; eigenvalue; eigenvectors ID CLASSIFICATION AB The performance of an automatic target recognition (ATR) algorithm is not only influenced by the relevance of the prior (training) information, but also by the level of difficulty posed by the clutter that surrounds the target. Thus, an objective measure of target- (or signal-) to-clutter ratio (SCR) is important for the assessment of ATRs. We describe a new metric for SCR based on an eigen analysis of a two-class problem. It is believed that an SCR metric, along with a measure for the relevancy of the training data, are the key parameters for the characterization of ATR performance. Various examples are given to illustrate the application of eigen analysis in determining the difficulty level of finding a particular target in the presence of clutter, and consequently how this new SCR metric defines the potential for false alarms. (C) 2003 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Lockheed Martin, Missles & Fire Control Syst, Orlando, FL 32819 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Missile Guidance Directorate, Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. USN, Image & Signal Proc Branch, Sensors & Signal Sci Div, Dept Res,Air Warfare Ctr ,Weapon Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Mahalanobis, A (reprint author), Lockheed Martin, Missles & Fire Control Syst, MP 450,5600 Sandlake Rd, Orlando, FL 32819 USA. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD APR PY 2003 VL 42 IS 4 BP 1144 EP 1151 DI 10.1117/1.1556012 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 666UE UT WOS:000182194200038 ER PT J AU Zuniga, ML Sidelinger, D Herzog, K Hurst, S Reznik, V Nader, P Blaschke, G AF Zuniga, ML Sidelinger, D Herzog, K Hurst, S Reznik, V Nader, P Blaschke, G TI What residents bring to the table: Self-awareness in delivery of culturally effective care SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Society CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Div Community Pediat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 4 SU S MA 499 BP 88A EP 88A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 661PA UT WOS:000181897900500 ER PT J AU Sidelinger, DE Herzog, KE Silva, FA Blaschke, GS Nader, PR Reznik, V AF Sidelinger, DE Herzog, KE Silva, FA Blaschke, GS Nader, PR Reznik, V TI Continuity clinic community snapshot: Engaging pediatric residents to learn about the communities in which they live and work SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Society CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, Div Community Pediat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 4 SU S MA 524 BP 92A EP 92A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 661PA UT WOS:000181897900525 ER PT J AU Halterman, K Elson, JM Overfelt, PL AF Halterman, K Elson, JM Overfelt, PL TI Characteristics of bound modes in coupled dielectric waveguides containing negative index media SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID PERMEABILITY; PERMITTIVITY AB We investigate the characteristics of guided wave modes in planar coupled waveguides. In particular, we calculate the dispersion relations for TM modes in which one or both of the guiding layers consists of negative index media (NIM)-where the permittivity and permeability are both negative. We find that the Poynting vector within the NIM waveguide axis can change sign and magnitude, a feature that is reflected in the dispersion curves. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Sensor & Signal Sci Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Halterman, K (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Sensor & Signal Sci Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RI Halterman, Klaus/G-3826-2012; OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134 NR 7 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD MAR 24 PY 2003 VL 11 IS 6 BP 521 EP 529 DI 10.1364/OE.11.000521 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 659EZ UT WOS:000181765500003 PM 19461760 ER PT J AU Crum, NF Hale, BR Bradshaw, DA Malone, JD Chun, HM Gill, WM Norton, D Lewis, CT Truett, AA Beadle, C Town, JL Wallace, MR Morris, DJ Yasumoto, EK Russell, KL Kaplan, E Van Beneden, C Gorwitz, R AF Crum, NF Hale, BR Bradshaw, DA Malone, JD Chun, HM Gill, WM Norton, D Lewis, CT Truett, AA Beadle, C Town, JL Wallace, MR Morris, DJ Yasumoto, EK Russell, KL Kaplan, E Van Beneden, C Gorwitz, R TI Outbreak of group A streptococcal pneumonia among Marine Corps recruits - California, November 1-December 20, 2002 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 52, pg 106-109, 2003) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 USN, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20350 USA. Marine Corps Recruit Depot, San Diego, CA USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Crum, NF (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20350 USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 19 PY 2003 VL 289 IS 11 BP 1373 EP 1375 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 656PM UT WOS:000181616200011 ER PT J AU Donta, ST Clauw, DJ Engel, CC Guarino, P Peduzzi, P Williams, DA Skinner, JS Barkhuizen, A Taylor, T Kazis, LE Sogg, S Hunt, SC Dougherty, CM Richardson, RD Kunkel, C Rodriguez, W Alicea, E Chiliade, P Ryan, M Gray, GC Lutwick, L Norwood, D Smith, S Everson, M Blackburn, W Martin, W Griffiss, JM Cooper, R Renner, E Schmitt, J McMurtry, C Thakore, M Mori, D Kerns, R Park, M Pullman-Mooar, S Bernstein, J Hershberger, P Salisbury, DC Feussner, JR AF Donta, ST Clauw, DJ Engel, CC Guarino, P Peduzzi, P Williams, DA Skinner, JS Barkhuizen, A Taylor, T Kazis, LE Sogg, S Hunt, SC Dougherty, CM Richardson, RD Kunkel, C Rodriguez, W Alicea, E Chiliade, P Ryan, M Gray, GC Lutwick, L Norwood, D Smith, S Everson, M Blackburn, W Martin, W Griffiss, JM Cooper, R Renner, E Schmitt, J McMurtry, C Thakore, M Mori, D Kerns, R Park, M Pullman-Mooar, S Bernstein, J Hershberger, P Salisbury, DC Feussner, JR CA VA Cooperative Study 470 Study Grp TI Cognitive behavioral therapy and aerobic exercise for Gulf War veterans' illnesses - A randomized controlled trial SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; LINEAR MIXED MODELS; FIBROMYALGIA; HEALTH; QUESTIONNAIRE; INTERVENTIONS; MANAGEMENT; INFERENCE; ADHERENCE; OUTCOMES AB Context Gulf War veterans' illnesses (GWVI), multisymptom illnesses characterized by persistent pain, fatigue, and cognitive symptoms, have been reported by many Gulf War veterans. There are currently no effective therapies available to treat GWVI. Objective To compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), exercise, and the combination of both for improving physical functioning and reducing the symptoms,of GWVI. Design, Setting, and Patients Randomized controlled 2 x 2 factorial trial conducted from April 1999 to September 2001 among 1092 Gulf War veterans who reported at least 2 of 3 symptom types (fatigue, pain, and cognitive) for more than 6 months and at the time of screening. Treatment assignment was unmasked except or a masked assessor of study outcomes at each clinical site (18 Department of Veterans Affairs [VA] and 2 Department of Defense [DOD] medical centers). Interventions Veterans were randomly assigned to receive usual care (n=271), consisting of any and all care received from inside or outside the VA or DOD health care systems; CBT plus usual care (n=286); exercise plus usual care (n=269); or CBT plus exercise plus usual care (n=266). Exercise sessions were 60 minutes and CBT sessions were 60 to 90 minutes; both met weekly for 12 weeks. Main Outcome Measures The primary end point was a 7-point or greater increase (improvement) on the Physical Component Summary scale of the Veterans Short Form 36-Item Health Survey at 12 months. Secondary outcomes were standardized measures of pain, fatigue, cognitive symptoms, distress, and mental health functioning. Participants were evaluated at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months. Results The percentage of veterans with improvement in physical function at 1 year was 11.5% for usual care, 11.7% for exercise alone, 18.4% for CBT plus exercise, and 18.5% for CBT alone. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) for improvement in exercise, CBT, and exercise plus CBT vs usual care were 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.63-1.82), 1.72 (95% CI, 0.91-3.23), and 1.84 (95% CI, 0.95-3.55), respectively. OR for the overall (marginal) effect of receiving CBT (n=552) vs no CBT (n=535) was 1.71 (95% CI, 1.15-2.53) and for exercise (n=531) vs no exercise (n=556) was 1.07 (95% CI, 0.76-1.50). For secondary outcomes, exercise alone or in combination with CBT significantly improved fatigue, distress, cognitive symptoms, and mental health functioning, while CBT alone significantly improved cognitive symptoms and menial health functioning. Neither treatment had a significant impact on pain. Conclusion Our results suggest that CBT and/or exercise can provide modest relief for some of the symptoms of chronic multisymptom illnesses such as GWVI. C1 VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst, Cooperat Studies Program Coordinating Ctr 151A, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. VA Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. VA Med & Reg Off Ctr, White River Jct, VT USA. VA Med Ctr, Bedford, MA USA. VA Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA USA. New Mexico VA Hlth Care Syst, Albuquerque, NM USA. San Juan VA Med Ctr, San Juan, PR USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. New York Harbor VA Healthcare Syst, New York, NY USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. John Cochran VA Med Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. Fargo VA Med & Reg Off Ctr, Fargo, ND USA. HH McGuire VA Med Ctr, Richmond, VA USA. VA New Jersey Hlth Care Syst, E Orange, NJ USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Dayton VA Med Ctr, Dayton, OH USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Peduzzi, P (reprint author), VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst, Cooperat Studies Program Coordinating Ctr 151A, 950 Campbell Ave, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. RI Williams, David/A-1180-2007 NR 51 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 19 PY 2003 VL 289 IS 11 BP 1396 EP 1404 DI 10.1001/jama.289.11.1396 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 656PM UT WOS:000181616200031 PM 12636462 ER PT J AU Johnson, EW Jung, AE Bobb, AJ AF Johnson, EW Jung, AE Bobb, AJ TI Cloning and expression analysis of a Cytochrome P450 promoter from zebrafish (Danio rerio) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 Geocenters Inc, TD, NHRC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Toxicol, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 17 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 SU S BP A1326 EP A1326 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 659UY UT WOS:000181796902700 ER PT J AU Thitoff, AR Johnson, EW Bobb, AJ Arfsten, DP AF Thitoff, AR Johnson, EW Bobb, AJ Arfsten, DP TI Characterization of mRNA levels present in skin and liver cells from CD-1 mice exposed subchronically to a gun cleaning compound (BreakFree (R)) in use with the US Military SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA C1 GeoCenters Inc, Toxicol Mol Biol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 SU S BP A574 EP A574 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 658QZ UT WOS:000181733102699 ER PT J AU Irvin, D Lormand, KD Quintana, RL AF Irvin, D Lormand, KD Quintana, RL TI Nitrogen containing conjugated polymers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NAWC WD, Chem & Mat, China Lake, CA USA. EM irvindj@navair.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 289-PMSE BP U704 EP U704 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918003708 ER PT J AU Irvin, JA Stasko, D Fallis, S Guenthner, AJ Webber, C Blackwell, J AF Irvin, JA Stasko, D Fallis, S Guenthner, AJ Webber, C Blackwell, J TI Polyimides for battery and fuel cell membranes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Univ Toledo, Dept Chem, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. NAWCWD, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM irvinja@navair.navy.mil RI Irvin, Jennifer/C-7968-2013 OI Irvin, Jennifer/0000-0003-3500-8419 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 208-FUEL BP U875 EP U876 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PU UT WOS:000187917804181 ER PT J AU Qian, XM Zhang, T Chiu, YH Levandier, DJ Miller, JS Dressler, R Ng, C AF Qian, XM Zhang, T Chiu, YH Levandier, DJ Miller, JS Dressler, R Ng, C TI State-selected ion-molecule reaction studies using the synchrotron-bsed pulsed-field-ionization method. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 23-27, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Dynam & Diagnost Div, Bethesda, MD USA. USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. EM XMqian@lbl.gov; rainer.dressler@hanscom.af.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 225 MA 493-PHYS BP U522 EP U522 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 761PW UT WOS:000187918002664 ER PT J AU Weistroffer, JK Mills, WJ Shin, AY AF Weistroffer, JK Mills, WJ Shin, AY TI Recurrent rupture of the triceps tendon repaired with hamstring tendon autograft augmentation: A case report and repair technique SO JOURNAL OF SHOULDER AND ELBOW SURGERY LA English DT Article ID ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT; GRACILIS TENDONS; SEMITENDINOSUS C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Orthopaed Surg, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Orthoped Surg, Div Hand Surg, Rochester, MN USA. RP Weistroffer, JK (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Orthopaed Surg, San Diego, CA USA. OI Shin, Alexander/0000-0001-9658-8192 NR 24 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 1058-2746 J9 J SHOULDER ELB SURG JI J. Shoulder Elbow Surg. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 12 IS 2 BP 193 EP 196 DI 10.1016/S1058-2746(02)00016-2 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences; Surgery GA 669XH UT WOS:000182375700018 PM 12700576 ER PT J AU Brown, JR McAuliffe, DD Smith, KT Beavers, GM Presley, SM AF Brown, JR McAuliffe, DD Smith, KT Beavers, GM Presley, SM TI A constant flow valve for hand-compression hydraulic sprayers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE constant flow valve; hand compression sprayer AB A commercial inline constant flow valve for hand-compression hydraulic sprayers was tested to evaluate its capability to maintain constant pressure to the nozzle down to a preset cut-out pressure. The flow-control valve provided consistent flow rates when used with the H.D. Hudson X-Pert 9.5-liter hand-compression sprayers, This flow valve may have potential for use in vector control operations. C1 Naval Air Stn, Navy Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. Global Agr Technol & Engn LLC, Deerfield Beach, FL 33442 USA. RP Brown, JR (reprint author), Naval Air Stn, Navy Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, POB 43, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 19 IS 1 BP 91 EP 93 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 663VL UT WOS:000182026900020 PM 12674545 ER PT J AU Freedland, SJ Kane, CJ Presti, JC Terris, MK Amling, CL Dorey, F Aronson, WJ AF Freedland, SJ Kane, CJ Presti, JC Terris, MK Amling, CL Dorey, F Aronson, WJ TI Comparison of preoperative prostate specific antigen density and prostate specific antigen for predicting recurrence after radical prostatectomy: Results from the search data base SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostate; prostatic neoplasms; prostatectomy; prostate-specific antigen; tumor markers, biological ID SEXTANT BIOPSIES; EXTRACAPSULAR EXTENSION; CANCER; PERCENTAGE; PSA AB Purpose: Prostate specific antigen (PSA) density based on the surgical weight of the radical prostatectomy specimen has previously been shown to be an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. We determined whether preoperative PSA density calculated using transrectal ultrasound prostate volume was a better predictor of advanced pathological findings or biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy relative to PSA. Materials and Methods: We examined 552 men from the newly established Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital data base of men treated with radical prostatectomy at equal access medical centers to determine whether preoperative PSA density was a significant predictor of an adverse pathological condition or PSA recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Models using PSA density were compared with models using PSA to determine whether PSA density improved risk stratification relative to PSA. PSA density was examined as a continuous and a categorical variable using cutoffs to separate patients into groups at different risks for PSA failure. Results: PSA density and PSA were significant predictors of adverse pathological findings on univariate analysis. Using PSA density in the multivariate model resulted in slightly better but statistically insignificant improvement in prediction of positive surgical margins (p = 0.134) and extracapsular extension (p = 0.771) relative to using PSA in the model. Neither PSA nor PSA density were significant independent predictors of seminal vesicle invasion. Area under the ROC curves for predicting biochemical recurrence for PSA and PSA density were not significantly different (0.589 and 0.58, respectively, p = 0.691). On separate multivariate analyses PSA density and PSA were significant independent predictors of biochemical failure. The multivariate model using PSA density provided only slight improvement in risk assessment relative to the model using PSA (index C = 0.589 and 0.581, respectively). To determine whether using PSA density as a categorical variable would result in improved prognostication we evaluated PSA density to determine the cutoff points that would provide the greatest risk stratification. PSA density cutoffs of less than 0.4, 0.4 to 1 and greater than 1 ng./ml./cc separated patients into 3 distinct groups at increasing risk for biochemical failure (p < 0.001). While these cutoffs provided better risk stratification than when PSA density was examined as a continuous variable (index C = 0.684 versus 0.58), they provided only marginal improvement relative to the standard PSA cutoffs of less than 10, 10 to 20 and greater than 20 ng./ml. (index C = 0.676). Conclusions: The use of preoperative PSA density relative to PSA provided only slight improvement for predicting adverse pathological findings and biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. The minimal and statistically insignificant improvement in preoperative risk assessment provided by PSA density does not justify the time and effort necessary to calculate this value. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Urol, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. San Diego Naval Hosp, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. Med Coll Georgia, Div Urol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Kane, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. OI Terris, Martha/0000-0002-3843-7270 NR 16 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 169 IS 3 BP 969 EP 973 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000051400.85694.bb PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 644KM UT WOS:000180916500039 PM 12576824 ER PT J AU Hoge, CW Messer, SC Engel, CC Krauss, M Amoroso, P Ryan, MAK Orman, DT AF Hoge, CW Messer, SC Engel, CC Krauss, M Amoroso, P Ryan, MAK Orman, DT TI Priorities for psychiatric research in the US military: An epidemiological approach SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; UNITED-STATES; HOUSEHOLD DYSFUNCTION; ARMY SOLDIERS; SUICIDE; DISORDERS; PERSONNEL; TRENDS; ABUSE; DEATH AB Among the 1.4 million active duty U.S. military service members, 6% receive outpatient treatment for a mental disorder each year. Over 25% of these service members leave military service within 6 months, a rate that is more than two times higher than the rate following treatment for any other illness category. There is clearly a need to define psychiatric research priorities and an unprecedented opportunity to enhance the field of psychiatric research in general using the well-characterized military population. The first priority is to better define the burden of mental disorders in terms of incidence, prevalence, severity, risk factors, and health care use. The impact of mental disorders on occupational functioning, particularly among new recruits, needs to be better characterized. Suicide research should include efforts to validate mortality data, define the normal level of rate variability, and establish surveillance for clusters. The highly structured occupational environment of the military lends itself to studies of preventive interventions designed to reduce disability or occupational attrition resulting from mental/behavioral problems. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20816 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20816 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Total Army Injury & Hlth Outcomes Database Projec, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. USA, Med Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Hoge, CW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 5 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 3 BP 182 EP 185 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AA UT WOS:000186549200004 PM 12685681 ER PT J AU Chamberlain, H Stander, V Merrill, LL AF Chamberlain, H Stander, V Merrill, LL TI Research on child abuse in the US armed forces SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL REGISTRY; MILITARY FAMILY; MEDICAL-CENTER; MALTREATMENT; NEGLECT; RISK AB Child maltreatment in the United States has provoked considerable interest in recent years. Child abuse and neglect are prevalent in all parts of American society. Although children of military personnel experience maltreatment, little research has been completed that compares child abuse rates in the military with those for civilian populations. Studies that have assessed child abuse in the armed forces have been based on official reports recorded in military Family Advocacy central registries. Because a standardized method for recording child abuse does not exist, conclusions regarding the prevalence of abuse are often inaccurate. We explore this and other methodological constraints that make estimating child abuse accurately difficult. A review of the literature also reveals that there are many correlates of child abuse unique to the military family. Finally, we discuss both the risk and protective factors within military life that may influence the occurrence of child maltreatment. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Chamberlain, H (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 3 BP 257 EP 260 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AA UT WOS:000186549200018 PM 12685695 ER PT J AU Bekkedal, MYV Rossi, J McInturf, SM McDougle, F Lenger, A Ritchie, GD AF Bekkedal, MYV Rossi, J McInturf, SM McDougle, F Lenger, A Ritchie, GD TI Development of a tissue-based biosensor (TBB) for military deployment toxicology and environmental monitoring SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 20th International Neurotoxicology Conference on Emerging Issues in Neurotoxicology CY NOV 18-21, 2002 CL LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS C1 USN, NEL, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Wright State Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 24 IS 2 MA 78 BP 316 EP 316 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 654RZ UT WOS:000181511000087 ER PT J AU Kimmel, EC Reboulet, JE Courson, DL Whitehead, GS Reinhart, PG AF Kimmel, EC Reboulet, JE Courson, DL Whitehead, GS Reinhart, PG TI Pulmonary function following exposure to carbon-graphite/epoxy composite material smoke. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Inhalat Pulm Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Geo Centres Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. ManTech Environm, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Duke Univ, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 206 BP 43 EP 43 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500209 ER PT J AU Reboulet, JE Courson, DL Whitehead, GS Reinhart, PG Kimmel, EC AF Reboulet, JE Courson, DL Whitehead, GS Reinhart, PG Kimmel, EC TI Acute toxicity of carbon-graphite/epoxy composite material smoke: Comparison with N-gas model predictions. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Inhalat Pulm Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Man Tech Environm, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Geo Centres Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Duke Univ, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 207 BP 43 EP 43 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500210 ER PT J AU Reinhart, PG Kimmel, EC Courson, DL Reboulet, JE Jung, AE Murray, JT AF Reinhart, PG Kimmel, EC Courson, DL Reboulet, JE Jung, AE Murray, JT TI Pulmonary toxicity of advanced composite material combustion atmospheres in rats. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Geo Centers Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. ManTech Environm Technol Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 215 BP 45 EP 45 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500218 ER PT J AU Still, KR Ritchie, GD Jung, AE Godfrey, RJ Briggs, GB AF Still, KR Ritchie, GD Jung, AE Godfrey, RJ Briggs, GB TI Absorption, distribution and clearance of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-nitrophenol (DBNP), a submarine atmospheric contaminant SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Toxicol Detachment, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Mantech Environm Technol Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 682 BP 141 EP 141 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500687 ER PT J AU Opresko, D Watson, A Still, K Hauschild, V Leach, G Krewski, D Bakshi, K Garrett, R Young, R AF Opresko, D Watson, A Still, K Hauschild, V Leach, G Krewski, D Bakshi, K Garrett, R Young, R TI Acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for sulfur mustard (Agent HD). SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. USN, NHRC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. USA, CHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 776 BP 160 EP 160 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500782 ER PT J AU Watson, AP Young, R Opresko, D Hauschild, V Leach, G Hinz, J Koller, L Bress, W Still, K Krewski, D Garrett, R Bakshi, K AF Watson, AP Young, R Opresko, D Hauschild, V Leach, G Hinz, J Koller, L Bress, W Still, K Krewski, D Garrett, R Bakshi, K TI Acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for nerve agents. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. USA, CHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. USAF, AFIERA, Brooks AFB, TX USA. Environm Hlth & Toxicol, Corvallis, OR USA. Vermont Dept Hlth, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. USN, NHRC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 775 BP 160 EP 160 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500781 ER PT J AU Bekkedal, MY Ritchie, GD McDougle, FJ McInturf, SM Rossi, J AF Bekkedal, MY Ritchie, GD McDougle, FJ McInturf, SM Rossi, J TI Use of the global assessment system for humans in military veterans to discriminate performance deficits. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Neurobehav Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dayton, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 910 BP 187 EP 187 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500916 ER PT J AU Rossi, J McInturf, SM McDougle, FJ Bekkedal, MY Ritchie, GD AF Rossi, J McInturf, SM McDougle, FJ Bekkedal, MY Ritchie, GD TI Use of a planar microelectrode array system to measure toxicant induced changes in the electrical activity of acute brain slices from bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Neurobehav Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1288 BP 264 EP 265 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501293 ER PT J AU Ritchie, GD Rossi, J McDougle, FJ McInturf, SM Bekkedal, MY AF Ritchie, GD Rossi, J McDougle, FJ McInturf, SM Bekkedal, MY TI Use of a planar microelectrode array system to measure effects of chemical challenges on an acute tissue slice preparation from mouse cerebellum. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Neurobehav Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1289 BP 265 EP 265 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501294 ER PT J AU Courson, DL Kimmel, EC Reboulet, JE Jung, AE Reinhart, PG AF Courson, DL Kimmel, EC Reboulet, JE Jung, AE Reinhart, PG TI Exposure of rat lung macrophages to JP-8 jet fuel. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Mantech Environm Technol Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Toxicol Detachment, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1406 BP 289 EP 289 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501412 ER PT J AU Arfsten, DP Johnson, EW Thitoff, AR Brinkley, WW Schaeffer, D Still, KR AF Arfsten, DP Johnson, EW Thitoff, AR Brinkley, WW Schaeffer, D Still, KR TI Acute toxicity assessment of BreakFree CLP (R): A small arms cleaning compound. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1855 BP 382 EP 382 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501862 ER PT J AU Inman, AO Carpenter, RL Briggs, B Brooks, JD Monteiro-Riviere, NA AF Inman, AO Carpenter, RL Briggs, B Brooks, JD Monteiro-Riviere, NA TI Percutaneous absorption of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-nitrophenol (DBNP) in isolated per-fused porcine skin. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Cutaneous Toxicol & Res Pharmacokinet, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1857 BP 383 EP 383 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501864 ER PT J AU Kane, CJ Amling, CL Johnstone, PAS Pak, N Lance, RS Thrasher, JB Foley, JP Riffenburgh, RH Moul, JW AF Kane, CJ Amling, CL Johnstone, PAS Pak, N Lance, RS Thrasher, JB Foley, JP Riffenburgh, RH Moul, JW TI Limited value of bone scintigraphy and computed tomography in assessing biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOCAL RECURRENCE; CANCER; ANTIGEN; SCAN; PROGRESSION AB Objectives. To define the utility of bone scan and computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of patients with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Methods. A retrospective analysis of the Center for Prostate Disease Research database was undertaken to identify patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between 1989 and 1998. Patients who developed biochemical recurrence (two prostate-specific antigen [PSA] levels greater than 0.2 ng/mL) and underwent either bone scan or CT within 3 years of this recurrence were selected for analysis. The preoperative clinical parameters, pathologic findings, serum PSA levels, follow-up data, and radiographic results were reviewed. Results. One hundred thirty-two patients with biochemical recurrence and a bone scan or CT scan were identified. Of the 127 bone scans, 12 (9.4%) were positive. The patients with true-positive bone scans had an average PSA at the time of the bone scan of 61.3 +/- 71.2 ng/mL (range 1.3 to 123). Their PSA velocities, calculated from the PSA levels determined immediately before the radiographic studies, averaged 22.1 +/- 24.7 ng/mL/mo (range 0.14 to 60.0). Only 2 patients with a positive bone scan had a PSA velocity of less than 0.5 ng/mL/mo. Of the 86 CT scans, 12 (14.0%) were positive. On logistic regression analysis, PSA and PSA velocity predicted the bone scan result (P <0.001 each) and PSA velocity predicted the CT scan result (P = 0.047). Conclusions. Patients with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy have a low probability of a positive bone scan (9.4%) or a positive CT scan (14.0%) within 3 years of biochemical recurrence. Most patients with a positive bone scan have a high PSA level and a high PSA velocity (greater than 0.5 ng/mL/mo). Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Clin Invest, San Diego, CA USA. RP Kane, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Urol, 4150 Clement St 112F, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 22 TC 108 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 61 IS 3 BP 607 EP 611 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(02)02411-1 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 662CJ UT WOS:000181928200027 PM 12639656 ER PT J AU Gaconnet, C Chun, H Lim, M AF Gaconnet, C Chun, H Lim, M TI A case of malaria from the Afghanistan region SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Lim, M (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Div Infect Dis, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM mllim@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 4 BP 534 EP 535 DI 10.1086/367621 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 642AE UT WOS:000180778700025 PM 12567316 ER PT J AU Patel, S Lederman, E Wallace, M AF Patel, S Lederman, E Wallace, M TI Acetazolamide therapy and intracranial pressure SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS; AIDS C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Internal Med, San Diego, CA USA. RP Patel, S (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Clin Invest Dept KCA, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM skpatel@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 4 BP 538 EP 538 DI 10.1086/367646 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 642AE UT WOS:000180778700029 PM 12567320 ER PT J AU Peiris, SM Russell, TP AF Peiris, SM Russell, TP TI Photolysis of compressed sodium azide (NaN3) as a synthetic pathway to nitrogen materials SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE AB The potential syntheses of pure nitrogen materials may involve photolysis of azide compounds. In this work, compressed solid samples of NaN3 were photolyzed in gem anvil cells at pressures up to 5.0 GPa. Reaction rates and mechanisms for the photolytic processes were studied using single-shot time-resolved (microsecond scale) absorption spectroscopy. Two broad absorption bands due to reaction intermediates were observed at 300 and 700 nm. Tentative assignments of the reaction intermediates and their reaction rates were used to help elucidate the potential for high-pressure syntheses of novel nitrogen structures. Finally, recovered products were analyzed with infrared and Raman vibrational spectroscopy. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Peiris, SM (reprint author), USN, Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Res & Technol Dept, 101 Str Ave, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD FEB 13 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 6 BP 944 EP 947 DI 10.1021/jp025963u PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 672QU UT WOS:000182533500025 ER PT J AU Cheney, M Borden, B AF Cheney, M Borden, B TI Microlocal structure of inverse synthetic aperture radar data SO INVERSE PROBLEMS LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED RADON-TRANSFORM; X-RAY TRANSFORM; LOCAL TOMOGRAPHY; SCATTERING AB We consider the problem of all-weather identification of airborne targets. We show that structural elements of the target correspond to identifiable features of the radar data. Our approach is based on high-frequency scattering methods but is not limited to the standard weak-scatterer approximation: we also analyse multiple scattering and structural dispersion (situations normally interpreted in terms of poorly behaved image 'artifacts'). This work suggests a method for target identification that circumvents the need to create an intermediate radar image from which the object's characteristics are to be extracted. As such, this scheme may be applicable to efficient machine-based radar identification programmes. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Cheney, M (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0266-5611 J9 INVERSE PROBL JI Inverse Probl. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 19 IS 1 BP 173 EP 193 AR PII S0266-5611(03)37014-5 DI 10.1088/0266-5611/19/1/310 PG 21 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 650MP UT WOS:000181268200011 ER PT J AU Antevil, JL Muldoon, MP Battaglia, M Green, R AF Antevil, JL Muldoon, MP Battaglia, M Green, R TI Intraoperative anaphylactic shock associated with bacitracin irrigation during revision total knee arthroplasty - A case report SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article ID CESAREAN-SECTION; TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; FECAL PERITONITIS; ANTIBIOTICS; SURGERY; LAVAGE C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Gen Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Orthopaed, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Anaesthesia, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Antevil, JL (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Gen Surg, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM mpmuldoon@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 38 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 85A IS 2 BP 339 EP 342 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 641BE UT WOS:000180723500024 PM 12571314 ER PT J AU Crum, N Hardaway, C Graham, B AF Crum, N Hardaway, C Graham, B TI Development of an idlike reaction during treatment for acute pulmonary histoplasmosis: A new cutaneous manifestation in histoplasmosis SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ID REACTION; DERMATOPHYTES; INDIANAPOLIS AB Id reactions often occur secondary to release of antigens after initiation of antimicrobial therapy. This reaction commonly occurs during treatment of Trichophyton infections. The diagnosis is usually made clinically and is supported in the presence of an infection and/or initiation of therapy. We report an idlike reaction during histoplasmosis. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Crum, N (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Clin Invest, KCA, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM NFCrum@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 48 IS 2 SU S BP S5 EP S6 DI 10.1067/mjd.2003.110 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 648TP UT WOS:000181166900002 PM 12582371 ER PT J AU Roberts, JE Tropeano, AM Taylor, JM Konoske, PJ AF Roberts, JE Tropeano, AM Taylor, JM Konoske, PJ TI Identifying clinical supply requirements for Marine Corps dental capability SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The Naval Health Research Center developed and used a systematic process to review Marine Corps dental supply requirements. The approach (1) identified the dental procedures required to treat patients with dental conditions and (2) determined the consumable supplies and equipment needed to complete each procedure. By establishing the clinical requirement for each item pushed forward, the Naval Health Research Center model significantly reduced weight, cubic volume, and cost while enhancing far-forward dental capability. This effort produced a database that clarifies the relationship among dental conditions, dental procedures, consumables, and equipment when conducting authorized dental allowance list reviews, determining training requirements, and configuring supplies for future deployments. C1 Anteon Corp, San Diego, CA 92108 USA. Geocenters Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Roberts, JE (reprint author), Anteon Corp, 3430 Camino Del Rio N, San Diego, CA 92108 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 168 IS 2 BP 172 EP 176 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653EJ UT WOS:000181422000019 ER PT J AU Van Nevel, A Mahalanobis, A AF Van Nevel, A Mahalanobis, A TI Comparative study of maximum average correlation height filter variants using ladar imagery SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE ladar; correlation filters; target recognition ID SYNTHETIC DISCRIMINANT FUNCTIONS; FACE RECOGNITION AB We present a study of a family of maximum average correlation height (MACH) filters. MACH filters were introduced by Mahalanobis et al., and several modifications such as the extended MACH (EMACH) and generalized MACH (GMACH) have been introduced to enhance the utility of the MACH filter approach. A comparison between the different filtering approaches and processing techniques is presented for the specific case of laser radar (ladar) imagery. The comparison utilizes both synthetic data for training and testing in one case, and synthetic training data and collected ladar imagery for testing in the second case. The results indicate that the GMACH variant of MACH filters is superior to both MACH and EMACH filters for the case of laser radar. (C) 2003 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Lockheed Martin Missiles & Fire Control, Orlando, FL USA. RP Van Nevel, A (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD FEB PY 2003 VL 42 IS 2 BP 541 EP 550 DI 10.1117/1.1531975 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 655BM UT WOS:000181531500033 ER PT J AU Shirley, WM Scoville, SP Merwin, LH AF Shirley, WM Scoville, SP Merwin, LH TI (Arene)tricarbonylchromium complexes synthesized on NaX zeolite: Solid-state NIVIR and DRIFTS studies SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; VI METAL HEXACARBONYLS; FAUJASITIC ZEOLITES; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; Y-ZEOLITE; BENZENE; CHROMIUM; NMR; C-13 AB Various (arene)tricarbonylchromium complexes were synthesized within the confines of NaX zeolite and studied with diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and carbon-13 magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectroscopy. In each case, the surface complex Cr(CO)(3)(O-z)(3) (O-z represents a framework oxygen of the NaX zeolite) was prepared before a particular arene was added. The arenes benzene, toluene, mesitylene, anisole, and aniline all produce hexahapto pi-complexes physisorbed within the zeolite supercage. DRIFTS spectra show three bands in the carbonyl region indicating less than C-3v symmetry. The NMR spectra have narrow carbonyl bands near 240 ppm which indicate rapidly reorienting complexes within the zeolite. The (eta(6)-benzene)tricarbonylchromium complex is physisorbed at two sites as indicated both by the DRIFTS spectra and by two carbonyl resonances at 242.5 and 239.1 ppm at 300 K. Variable-temperature MAS NMR shows these two resonances coalescing near 360 K with an activation energy of 48 6 kJ/mol. When the temperature is decreased to 205 K, the high-frequency carbonyl resonance disappears. The 239 ppm resonance is still narrow at 134 K while MAS sidebands show that the resonance from physisorbed benzene is ca. 200 ppm wide. The complex prepared with pyridine gave a broad resonance as indicated by the spinning sidebands in the MAS NMR spectra. The pyridine complex was identified as Cr(CO)(3)(C5H5N)(3). C1 Pittsburg State Univ, Dept Chem, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Res & Technol Dept,Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Shirley, WM (reprint author), Pittsburg State Univ, Dept Chem, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 27 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 2 BP 358 EP 364 DI 10.1021/ic020512 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 638WC UT WOS:000180594400016 PM 12693215 ER PT J AU Lee, MH Kim, JJ Kim, KH Kim, NJ Lee, S Lee, EW AF Lee, MH Kim, JJ Kim, KH Kim, NJ Lee, S Lee, EW TI Effects of HIPping on high-cycle fatigue properties of investment cast A356 aliuminium alloys SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE HIPping; investment casting; A356 aluminum alloy; high-cycle fatigue; eutectic silicon particle; pore ID ALUMINUM; FRACTURE; VARIABLES; BEHAVIOR AB This study is concerned with the effects of HIPping on high-cycle fatigue properties of investment cast A356 Al alloys. Tensile and high-cycle fatigue tests were conducted on cast alloys, two of which were HIPped, and then the test data were analyzed in relation with microstructures, tensile and fracture properties, and fatigue fracture mode. Eutectic Si particles were homogeneously dispersed in the matrix of the casting A356 Al alloys, but there were many large pores formed as casting defects. The high-cycle fatigue test results indicated that fatigue strength of the HIPped alloys was higher than that of the non-HIPped alloys because of the significant reduction in volume fraction of pores by HIPping. In the non-HIPped specimens, fatigue cracks initiated at large pores adjacent to the specimen surface and then propagated down to several hundreds micrometers depth while coalescing with other large pores. On the other hand, the HIPped specimens, where pores did not affect the fatigue much, fatigue cracks initiated at eutectic Si particles and propagated along them, thereby leading to improved fatigue strength by 40 to similar to50% over the non-HIPped specimens. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Adv Aerosp Mat, Pohang 790784, South Korea. Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Lee, S (reprint author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Adv Aerosp Mat, Pohang 790784, South Korea. NR 16 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JAN 15 PY 2003 VL 340 IS 1-2 BP 123 EP 129 AR PII S0921-5093(02)00157-0 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00157-0 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 615TC UT WOS:000179261900013 ER PT J AU Oh, J Kim, NJ Lee, S Lee, EW AF Oh, J Kim, NJ Lee, S Lee, EW TI Correlation of fatigue properties and microstructure in investment cast Ti-6Al-4V welds SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Ti-6A1-4V; EB weld; TIG weld; high-cycle fatigue; fatigue crack growth; welding pores; titanium castings ID CRACK-GROWTH-BEHAVIOR; TITANIUM-ALLOY; TRANSITIONS; INITIATION AB The effect of microstructural characteristics on high-cycle fatigue properties and fatigue crack propagation behavior of welded regions of an investment cast Ti-6Al-4V were investigated. High-cycle fatigue and fatigue crack propagation tests were conducted on the welded regions, which were processed by two different welding methods: tungsten inert gas (TIG) and electron beam (EB) welding. Test data were analyzed in relation to microstructure, tensile properties, and fatigue fracture mode. The base metal was composed of an alpha plate colony structure transformed to a basket-weave structure with thin a platelets after welding and annealing. High-cycle fatigue results indicated that fatigue strength of the EB weld was lower than that of the base metal or the TIG weld because of the existence of large micropores formed during welding, although it had the highest yield strength. In the case of the fatigue crack propagation, the EB weld composed of thinner a platelets had a faster crack propagation rate than the base metal or the TIG weld. The effective microstructural feature determining the fatigue crack propagation rate was found to be the width of a platelets because it was well matched with the reversed cyclic plastic zone size calculated in the threshold DeltaK regime. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Adv Aerosp Mat, Pohang 790784, South Korea. RP Lee, S (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Code 4342, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 28 TC 52 Z9 72 U1 9 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JAN 15 PY 2003 VL 340 IS 1-2 BP 232 EP 242 AR PII S0921-5093(02)00176-4 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00176-4 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 615TC UT WOS:000179261900026 ER PT S AU Westervelt, K AF Westervelt, K GP IEEE IEEE TI Common Built-In-Test evaluation criteria SO 2003 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 08-15, 2003 CL BIG SKY, MT SP IEEE Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc, Aerosp Corp, Analog Interfaces, AstroExpo com, Caltech, JPL, Circle Mt Co, Gandalf Associates, LLC, GEB Software Technologies, Missile Defense Agcy, NASA, Panasonic, SpectrumAstro, Superior Solut, TechLink AB Common Built-In-Test (BIT) evaluation criteria are needed for aircraft weapons systems to ensure Development Test (DT) agencies calculate BIT performance in the same manner as Operational Test (OT) activities. Consistency between DT and OT is necessary to ensure that DT understands the operational implication of BIT indications and the effect of these indications on fleet maintainers and aircraft availability. Currently, the BIT metrics and their definitions are well defined; however, the criterion for scoring BIT indications as relevant for BIT fault detection, BIT fault isolation, or BIT false alarms is not well documented in Department of Defense instructions or in military or commercial standards. Several Naval aircraft platforms have addressed BIT scoring ground rules, as they apply to the individual platform; however, there are no general guidelines for this purpose. In addition, the maintenance concept of the aircraft and how the BIT indications are mechanized to support this concept needs to be integrated into the BIT evaluation criteria for each weapon system. Depending on the maintenance concept (i.e., fault isolation to the Weapons Replaceable Assembly (WRA) or Shop Replaceable Assembly (SRA)), the BIT reporting scheme and its human-machine interface design would need to be thoroughly considered when scoring the BIT indications during testing. Furthermore, a database that is tailored to the BIT reporting scheme will be essential for determining BIT performance. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how BIT is generally utilized in Naval aviation, to define common BIT definitions, to provide guidelines for scoring BIT indications, and to provide guidance on re-scoring indications when corrective actions are implemented to correct deficiencies. C1 Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Westervelt, K (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Hangar 109,Suite 2A,22474 James Rd,Unit 1, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-7651-X J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2003 BP 3149 EP 3156 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BX65K UT WOS:000185997700315 ER PT B AU Simlote, A AF Simlote, A GP IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY TI Joint Warfare System (JWARS) SO 2003 USERS GROUP CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Users Group 2003 Conference CY JUN 09-13, 2003 CL Bellevue, WA SP Dept Defense High Performance Comp Modernizat Program AB The Joint Warfare System (JWARS) is a campaign-level model of military operations that is currently being developed under contract by the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) for use by OSD, the Joint Staff, the Services, and the War fighting Commands. The behavior of military forces can be simulated from ports of embarkation through to their activities in combat. The Aircraft Stimulation Division (NAVAIR 5.1.6) seeks to become the Navy's premiere provider of full range of services to the JWARS community. NAVAIR will leverage HPC's secure computing power, its knowledgebase and infrastructure to serve as powerhouse for JWARS users. JWARS allows multiple users to setup and execute simulations simultaneously; this will require immense computing power backed by HPC. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Simlote, A (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 0-7695-1953-9 PY 2003 BP 325 EP 329 DI 10.1109/DODUGC.2003.1253411 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BY55Y UT WOS:000189408300043 ER PT B AU Ross, WA AF Ross, WA GP IEEE IEEE TI The impact of next generation test technology on aviation maintenance SO AUTOTESTCON 2003, PROCEEDINGS: FUTURE SUSTAINMENT FOR MILITARY AND AEROSPACE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AUTOTESTCON 2003 Conference CY SEP 22-25, 2003 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP IEEE Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc, IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc, IEEE Los Angeles Council, IEEE Orange Country Sect AB This paper begins by reviewing the back-ground of avionics maintenance in DoD. It defines O, I and D levels of maintenance and details their implementation in each of the Services. OSD's ATS policy and its implementation are reviewed, as are the DoD ATS Executive Agent's goals, objectives and strategy which has five elements (management tools, DoD ATS Technical Framework-, jointly develop test technologies, system-level technology demonstrations and Services implementations). The paper then details test technologies currently being developed and demonstrated by Joint Service teams. These include Multiple Low Analog Stimulus and Measurement which enable one VXI card to simultaneously provide multiple instruments; Synthetic Measurement and Stimulus Instruments; the Programmable Bus Test Instrument; ATS software technologies including multiple runtime environments, ATML, dynamic test strategies, and better use of diagnostics data; downsized electro-optics testers; and the DoD ATS Open Technical Architecture Framework which evolves as the technologies evolve. The paper discusses system level demonstrations, focusing on the ARGCS project. It then explores the impact on aviation maintenance and the many benefits of the test technologies being developed. It discusses the increased ease of reusing test software, the reduced distinction between test capability found at 0, 1 and D levels of maintenance, the increased speed with which test capability can be fielded, the effect of an evolutionary acquisition approach on next generation testers, the blurring of boundaries between the various levels of maintenance, continued reductions in total ownership costs, and the significantly improved inter-Service interoperability of automatic testers. The paper concludes with a vision of the future centered around a robust, flexible test capability that makes possible a "purple" maintenance unit with broad capability to support Joint warfighting task forces comprised of weapon systems from all the Services. C1 USN, Air Syst Command PMA260D, DoD Automat Test Syst Execut Agent Off, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Ross, WA (reprint author), USN, Air Syst Command PMA260D, DoD Automat Test Syst Execut Agent Off, Bldg 2272,Unit IPT,Suite 349,47123 Buse Rd, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 1 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7837-7 PY 2003 BP 2 EP 9 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Computer Science GA BX81D UT WOS:000186501400001 ER PT J AU Paskoff, G AF Paskoff, G TI Parachute opening shock simulator to determine cervical injury tolerance SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Naval Air Syst Command, Crew Syst Dept, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Paskoff, G (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, Crew Syst Dept, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 74 IS 1 BP 95 EP 95 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 632BT UT WOS:000180204100016 PM 12546309 ER PT J AU D'Andrea, JA Chou, CK Johnston, SA Adair, ER AF D'Andrea, JA Chou, CK Johnston, SA Adair, ER TI Microwave effects on the nervous system SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Setting a Science-Based Standard for Safe Human Exposure to RF Electromagneticn Fields - A Tribute to Eleanor R Adair CY 2002 CL QUEBEC CITY, CANADA SP USAF Res Lab DE radiofrequency exposure; EEG; evoked responses; morphology; blood-brain barrier; neurochemistry; hypersensitivity; thermal; brain ID BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; CENTRAL CHOLINERGIC ACTIVITY; MOBILE PHONE USE; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; ETHANOL-INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA; FIXED-INTERVAL BEHAVIOR; WORKING-MEMORY TASK; AFFECTS HUMAN SLEEP; EYE-MOVEMENT SLEEP AB Studies have evaluated the electroencephalography (EEG) of humans and laboratory animals during and after Radiofrequency (RF) exposures. Effects of RF exposure on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) have been generally accepted for exposures that are thermalizing. Low level exposures that report alterations of the BBB remain controversial. Exposure to high levels of RF energy can damage the structure and function of the nervous system. Much research has focused on the neurochemistry of the brain and the reported effects of RF exposure. Research with isolated brain tissue has provided new results that do not seem to rely on thermal mechanisms. Studies of individuals who are reported to be sensitive to electric and magnetic fields are discussed. In this review of the literature, it is difficult to draw conclusions concerning hazards to human health. The many exposure parameters such as frequency, orientation, modulation, power density, and duration of exposure make direct comparison of many experiments difficult. At high exposure power densities, thermal effects are prevalent and can lead to adverse consequences. At lower levels of exposure biological effects may still occur but thermal mechanisms are not ruled out. It is concluded that the diverse methods and experimental designs as well as lack of replication of many seemingly important studies prevents formation of definite conclusions concerning hazardous nervous system health effects from RF exposure. The only firm conclusion that may be drawn is the potential for hazardous thermal consequences of high power RF exposure. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr Detachment, Microwave Dept, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Motorola Florida Res Labs, Plantation, FL USA. RP D'Andrea, JA (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr Detachment, Microwave Dept, 8315 Navy Rd, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 230 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0197-8462 J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PY 2003 SU 6 BP S107 EP S147 DI 10.1002/bem.10179 PG 41 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA 753YY UT WOS:000187277000010 ER PT S AU Zarras, P Stenger-Smith, JD AF Zarras, P Stenger-Smith, JD BE Zarras, P StengerSmith, JD Wei, Y TI An introduction to corrosion protection using electroactive polymers SO ELECTROACTIVE POLYMERS FOR CORROSION CONTROL SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Electroactive Polymers for Corrosion Control CY DEC, 2000 CL STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN ID CONDUCTING POLYMER; MILD-STEEL; POLYANILINE; COATINGS; ELECTROPOLYMERIZATION; PREVENTION; BEHAVIOR; FILMS; SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTROLYTES AB An introduction to the chemistry and corrosion properties of electroactive polymers (EAPs) will be presented. This chapter will focus on both the synthesis of several classes of EAPs and the processes by which the insulating form is converted to the conducting form. The book chapter will present a compelling argument for the use of EAPs as corrosion protecting materials for metals in both acidic and alkaline aqueous environments. The corrosion inhibiting properties of EAPs and the proposed mechanisms by which EAPs perform will also be discussed. (C) 2003 American Chemical Society. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Dept Navy, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Zarras, P (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Dept Navy, Code 4T4220D,1 Adm Circle, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 96 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3790-5 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 2003 VL 843 BP 2 EP 17 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Electrochemistry; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Polymer Science GA BW37B UT WOS:000181732300002 ER PT S AU Anderson, N Irvin, DJ Irvin, JA Stenger-Smith, JD Guenthner, A Webber, C Zarras, P AF Anderson, N Irvin, DJ Irvin, JA Stenger-Smith, JD Guenthner, A Webber, C Zarras, P BE Zarras, P StengerSmith, JD Wei, Y TI Improved synthesis and corrosion properties of poly(bis-(dialkylamino)phenylene vinylene)s (BAMPPV) SO ELECTROACTIVE POLYMERS FOR CORROSION CONTROL SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Electroactive Polymers for Corrosion Control CY DEC, 2000 CL STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN AB An alternative material for corrosion protection on 2024 T3 aluminum alloy in aqueous alkaline environments has been synthesized and tested. The alternative material is a poly(phenylene vinylene) derivative called poly(bis-(N-methyl-N-hexylamino)phenylene vinylene) (BAMPPV). The synthesis of this material is discussed including improvements in overall yield of polymer and reduction in the side products. The BAMPPV was coated onto 2024 T3 Al alloy plates using a draw down method and an atomization and flame deposition process. The material has performed well in both neutral and alkaline (pH=8) environments and has shown excellent adhesion to the 2024 T3 aluminum alloy. A comparison of panels coated with BAMPPV to panels coated with chromate conversion coatings using B117 salt-fog tests (pH=7) showed similar performance results. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Anderson, N (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Code 4T4220D,1 Adm Circle, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RI Irvin, Jennifer/C-7968-2013 OI Irvin, Jennifer/0000-0003-3500-8419 NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3790-5 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 2003 VL 843 BP 140 EP 155 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Electrochemistry; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Polymer Science GA BW37B UT WOS:000181732300009 ER PT J AU Frazier, WE AF Frazier, WE TI High-strength, corrosion-resistant aerospace aluminum alloys SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Naval Air Syst Command, Washington, DC 20350 USA. RP Frazier, WE (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, Washington, DC 20350 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 55 IS 1 BP 44 EP 44 DI 10.1007/s11837-003-0193-9 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 635RQ UT WOS:000180413300010 ER PT J AU Es-Said, OS Frazier, WE Lee, EW AF Es-Said, OS Frazier, WE Lee, EW TI The effect of retrogression and reaging on the properties of the 7249 aluminum alloy SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID STRESS-CORROSION; FORGINGS AB The retrogression and reaging (RRA) heat-treatment process and recent developments in high-strength 7xxx series aluminum alloys are summarized in this article. The results of experimental work indicate that RRA 7249 aluminum has the strength equivalent to or greater than 7249-T6 and superior corrosion resistance. This work is the result of collaborative efforts between the U.S. Navy and Loyola Marymount University. C1 Loyola Marymount Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. Naval Air Syst Command, Met & Ceram Branch, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Es-Said, OS (reprint author), Loyola Marymount Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 7900 Loyola Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 55 IS 1 BP 45 EP 48 DI 10.1007/s11837-003-0194-8 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 635RQ UT WOS:000180413300011 ER PT J AU Urbansky, ET Brown, SK AF Urbansky, ET Brown, SK TI Perchlorate retention and mobility in soils SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID SPECTROMETRY ESI-MS; ION CHROMATOGRAPHY; CHLORIDE; NITRATE; PLANTS; CHARGE; QUANTITATION; FERTILIZERS; COMPLEXES; EXCHANGE AB Adsorption and release of perchlorate in a variety of soils, minerals, and other media were studied when the solid media were exposed to low and high aqueous solutions of perchlorate salts. Low level ClO4- exposure was investigated by subjecting triplicate 5.0 g portions of a solid medium ( 38 different soils, minerals, or dusts) to 25 mL of an aqueous ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4) solution containing 670 ng mL(-1) (6.8 muM) perchlorate. This corresponds to a perchlorate-to-soil ratio of 3.4 mug g(-1) (34 nmol g(-1)). At this level of exposure, more than 90% of the perchlorate was recovered in the aqueous phase, as determined by ion chromatography. In some cases, more than 99% of the perchlorate remained in the aqueous phase. In some cases, the apparent loss of aqueous perchlorate was not clearly distinguishable from the variation due to experimental error. The forced perchlorate anion exchange capacities (PAECs) were studied by soaking triplicate 5.0 g portions of the solid media in 250 mL of 0.20 M sodium perchlorate (NaClO4) followed by repeated deionized water rinses ( overnight soaks with mixing) until perchlorate concentrations fell below 20 ng mL 21 in the rinse solutions. The dried residua were leached with 15.0 mL of 0.10 M sodium hydroxide. The leachates were analyzed by ion chromatography and the perchlorate concentrations thus found were subsequently used to calculate the PAECs. The measurable PAECs of the insoluble and settleable residua ranged from 4 to 150 nmol g(-1) (mumol kg(-1)), with most in the 20-50 nmol g(-1) range. In some soils or minerals, no sorption was detectable. The mineral bentonite was problematic, however. Overall, the findings support the widely accepted idea that perchlorate does not appreciably sorb to soils and that its mobility and fate are largely influenced by hydrologic and biologic factors. They also generally support the idea that intrasoil perchlorate content is depositional rather than sorptive. On the other hand, sorption ( anion replacement) of perchlorate appears to occur in some soils. Therefore, the measurement of perchlorate in soils requires accounting for ion exchange phenomena; leaching with water alone may give inaccurate results. If perchlorate anion exchange is confirmed to be negligible, then leaching procedures may be simplified accordingly. C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Urbansky, ET (reprint author), Naval Air Stn, Joint Oil Anal Program Tech Support Ctr, 85 Millington Ave, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA. NR 53 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 26 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PY 2003 VL 5 IS 3 BP 455 EP 462 DI 10.1039/b301125a PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 682KW UT WOS:000183091600017 PM 12894753 ER PT S AU Bennett, JM AF Bennett, JM BE Exarhos, GJ Guenther, AH Kaiser, N Lewis, KL Soileau, MJ Stolz, CJ TI How to clean surfaces SO LASER-INDUCED DAMAGE IN OPTICAL MATERIALS: 2003 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Symposium on Optical Materials for High-Power Lasers CY SEP 22-24, 2003 CL Natl Inst Standards & Technol, Boulder, CO SP AF Off Sci Sci Res, AF Res Lab, AF Directed Energy Directorate, AF Sch Opt, CREOL, FPCE, Univ Cent Florida, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Fraunhofer- Inst Angewandte Opt & Feinmechanik, Pacific NW Natl Lab, OinetiQ HO Natl Inst Standards & Technol DE cleaning; substrates; contamination; particles AB Various cleaning methods are available depending on the sizes of the parts, mounted or unmounted, and purpose of the cleaning. Dust and other particle contamination affect scattering and act as nuclei for defects in optical coatings. In some cases, these defects can initiate laser damage. Noncontact cleaning methods to eliminate particle contamination include blowing large particles from surfaces with an air bulb, "canned air," or a nitrogen gas jet, for a gentle cleaning and CO2 snow for more aggressive particle removal. Laser assisted particle removal is a new high tech method. A strip coating material applied to the surface and subsequently removed will remove large fresh particles and often fingerprints. Contamination films affect the quality and adherence of optical coatings. These are usually removed (from unmounted optics) by cleaning the surface in a detergent and water bath followed by extensive rinsing and non-contact drying. Alternate methods when immersion in water is not possible are drag wiping, or spraying or squirting organic solvents over the surface. Before cleaning, surfaces must be visually inspected to determine the type and location of the contamination, to decide if cleaning is necessary, and what type of cleaning technique to use. Finally, bad cleaning is much worse than no cleaning! Illustrations of the cleaning methods described above will be given. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Michelson Lab, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Bennett, JM (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Michelson Lab, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5163-0 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5273 BP 195 EP 206 DI 10.1117/12.530002 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA BAM08 UT WOS:000222782300025 ER PT S AU Guenthner, AJ Lindsay, GA Davis, KR Steinmetz, L Pentony, JM AF Guenthner, AJ Lindsay, GA Davis, KR Steinmetz, L Pentony, JM BE Kuzyk, MG Eich, M Norwood, RA TI Effect of processing conditions on the properties of polyimide films in optical waveguides SO LINEAR AND NONLINEAR OPTICS OF ORGANIC MATERIALS III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Linear and Nonlinear Optics of Organic Materials III CY AUG 04-06, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE film formation; refractive index; anisotropy; homogeneity; evaporation; polyimides ID INPLANE ORIENTATION; THERMAL IMIDIZATION AB New insights into the relationship between film processing conditions and properties for polyimide-based systems of interest in the fabrication of optical waveguides are presented. The critical role of the rate of solvent evaporation to ensuring high quality films is explored, as are the effects of varying the casting solution concentration, spin casting, and baking conditions. In addition to film quality, the effect of the previously mentioned processing conditions on optical properties is also described. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Guenthner, AJ (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Code 4T4220D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5085-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5212 BP 100 EP 107 DI 10.1117/12.506528 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Optics; Polymer Science GA BY14E UT WOS:000187883100013 ER PT J AU Sanchez, JL Craig, SC Kolavic, S Hastings, D Alsip, BJ Gray, GC Hudspeth, MK Ryan, MAK AF Sanchez, JL Craig, SC Kolavic, S Hastings, D Alsip, BJ Gray, GC Hudspeth, MK Ryan, MAK TI An outbreak of pneumococcal pneumonia among military personnel at high risk: Control by low-dose azithromycin postexposure chemoprophylaxis SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDES; ORAL AZITHROMYCIN; CLINICAL-TRIAL; PROPHYLAXIS; PNEUMOLYSIN; INFECTIONS; ANTIBODY AB In the winter of 1998-1999 an outbreak of pneumococcal pneumonia occurred among Ranger students undergoing high-intensity training. Thirty pneumonia cases (attack rate = 12.6%) were identified among a group of 239 students. Eighteen students were hospitalized; Streptococcus pneumoniae-positive cultures were detected in 11 (61.1%) of these 18 hospitalized cases. Pneumococci were also identified in throat swabs of 30 (13.6%) of 221 nonhospitalized students surveyed . Serum antipneumolysin seroconversions were detected in 30 (18.3%) of 164 students tested. An association between development of serum antipneumolysin antibody and pneumococcal pharyngeal carriage/colonization was found. Of 30 seroconverters, eight (26.7%) had S. pneumoniae-positive cultures compared with only 17 (12.7%) of 134 nonseroconverters (relative risks = 2.02, 95% confidence interval = 1.02-4.02, p = 0.05). The outbreak was controlled by administrating low-dose, oral azithromycin prophylaxis (250 mg weekly for 2 weeks) and was associated with a 69% reduction in pneumococcal carriage and a 94% reduction in pneumonia rates. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Epidemiol Serv, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Martin Army Community Hosp, Prevent Med Serv, Ft Benning, GA 31905 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Resp Dis Lab, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Sanchez, JL (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment Lima, Unit 3800, APO, AA 34031 USA. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JAN PY 2003 VL 168 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653EH UT WOS:000181421900001 PM 12546236 ER PT B AU Davis, WR Lasser, B AF Davis, WR Lasser, B BE Green, RE Djordjevic, BB Hentschel, MP TI Real-time ultrasonic imaging using CCD camera techniques SO NONDESTRUCTIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF MATERIALS XI LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of Materials CY JUN 24-28, 2002 CL BERLIN, GERMANY SP Fed Inst Mat Res & Testing, Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Nondestruct Evaluat, Deutsch Gesell Zerstor Freie Pruf e V AB Ultrasonic testing of structural components is well established as one of the industry's benchmark techniques. Its capability to penetrate both thin and thick material provides arguably the best information to inspectors on subsurface faults. However, there are two basic drawbacks to its use: its complexity of use and its slow speed. Real-time Ultrasonic Imaging solves both of these issues by providing an easily understood image with high quality subsurface information about flaws and discontinuities that are observed in 1/30 second. The basis for this technology is a novel two-dimensional imaging array that creates immediate, high-resolution images of subsurface faults. Each frame, presented at TV rates or faster, presents a C-scan image over an area. Image processing performs real time video enhancement such as brightness, contrast, noise reduction, large montage images, etc. Specific discontinuities that offer a substantial potential for this technique include subsurface cracking, voids, impact damage, delaminations and corrosion. This ultrasonic camera is composed of a sending transducer, acoustic lenses and an imaging array. The first generation imaging array was developed by modifying an infrared charge coupled device (CCD) camera to image sound waves. This technology has made it possible to perform real-time ultrasonic imaging capable of imaging discontinuities on the order of 0.1 mm. The physics for the formation of images is very similar to light imaging including the use of standard programs for the design of focusing lenses. Therefore applications include both wide area inspection for larger discontinuities and small area inspection with high magnification. This presentation will focus on the evaluation of the digital acoustic video system (DAV) by the Boeing Vertol Company and some future applications. DAV has been successfully adapted to image fine corrosion and cracks in aluminum; skin-to-honeycomb disbonds, crushed core, resin starvation and delaminations in composite materials; and blood vessels (etc) in human tissues. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Aircraft Div, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Davis, WR (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Aircraft Div, Patuxent River, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 3-540-40154-7 PY 2003 BP 135 EP 140 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Acoustics; Engineering; Materials Science GA BX54E UT WOS:000185641800021 ER PT S AU Leistner, AJ Fischer-Cripps, AC Bennett, JM AF Leistner, AJ Fischer-Cripps, AC Bennett, JM BE Goodman, WA TI Indentation hardness and modulus of the surface of a large super-polished single crystal silicon sphere SO OPTICAL MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES TECHNOLOGIES SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical Materials and Structures Technologies CY AUG 04-07, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE AB Surface properties of single crystal silicon are of great interest to many people in research and development as well as in industry, particularly in the semiconductor industry. In this paper we present and discuss the results of a series of nanoindentations as they relate to the elasticity and microhardness properties on the surface of a large single crystal silicon sphere. The sphere diameter is 94 mm, it has a total roundness error of <213 nm P-V, and a super-polished surface <0.4 nm rms. The cubic structure of a silicon crystal displays different properties of hardness and elasticity in the different crystallographic planes. We present a study of the measurable differences in these mechanical properties as they relate to the <111> and the <100> directions. We also show how these differences affect the overall shape of the sphere during the surface finishing process. C1 CSIRO, Telecommun & Ind Phys, Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Michelson Lab, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Leistner, AJ (reprint author), CSIRO, Telecommun & Ind Phys, Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5052-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5179 BP 215 EP 222 DI 10.1117/12.507234 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA BY25A UT WOS:000188460100023 ER PT J AU Freedland, SJ Amling, CL Terris, MK Presti, JC Elashoff, D Kane, CJ AF Freedland, SJ Amling, CL Terris, MK Presti, JC Elashoff, D Kane, CJ CA SEARCH Database Study Grp TI Is there a difference in outcome after radical prostatectomy between patients with biopsy Gleason sums 4, 5, and 6? results from the SEARCH database SO PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE radical prostatectomy; PSA recurrence; Gleason sum; needle biopsy ID BIOCHEMICAL RECURRENCE; SEXTANT BIOPSIES; RADIATION-THERAPY; NEEDLE-BIOPSY; CANCER; ADENOCARCINOMA; DIAGNOSIS; PREDICTOR; TRENDS; GRADE AB Purpose: Fewer patients newly diagnosed with prostate cancer today have biopsy Gleason sums <6 compared to several years ago. Several tables and nomograms for predicting disease recurrence after definitive therapy provide little or no discrimination between biopsy Gleason sums 4, 5, and 6. We sought to examine the significance of biopsy Gleason sum for predicting biochemical failure following radical prostatectomy ( RP) for men with biopsy Gleason sums of 4, 5, and 6. Materials and methods: We examined data from 988 men treated with RP between 1988 and 2002 who had biopsy Gleason sums of 4 - 6. Clinical and pathological variables as well as outcome information were compared between men with biopsy Gleason sums of 4 - 6. The log-rank and Cox proportional hazards analysis were used to determine whether biopsy Gleason sum provided unique prognostic information for men with low biopsy Gleason sums undergoing RP. Results: There was statistically significant, but overall weak correlation between biopsy Gleason sum and Gleason sum of the RP specimen ( Spearman's r = 0.277, P<0.001). As biopsy Gleason sum increased from 4 to 5 to 6, there was a steady rise (HR = 1.31 for each one point increase in Gleason sum, Cox's model) in the risk of PSA failure ( P = 0.025, log-rank). On multivariate analysis comparing biopsy Gleason sum, preoperative PSA, clinical stage, year of surgery, percent of biopsy cores positive, and age for their ability to predict time to biochemical recurrence, only PSA ( HR 2.09, CI 1.56 - 2.80, P<0.001) and biopsy Gleason sum ( HR 1.33, CI 1.05 - 1.70, P = 0.019) were significant independent predictors of PSA failure. Conclusions: Despite weak correlation between biopsy and pathologic Gleason sum among men with biopsy Gleason sum 4 - 6 tumors, grade was a significant independent predictor of PSA failure following RP. In the range of 4 - 6, biopsy Gleason sum acted as a continuous variable for predicting PSA failure. The routine use of Gleason sums 4 and 5 to grade prostate needle biopsy specimens should not be abandoned. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. San Diego Naval Hosp, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. Med Coll Georgia, Div Urol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Sect, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Freedland, SJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Box 951738, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. OI Terris, Martha/0000-0002-3843-7270 NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1365-7852 J9 PROSTATE CANCER P D JI Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. PY 2003 VL 6 IS 3 BP 261 EP 265 DI 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500673 PG 5 WC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology SC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology GA 724UY UT WOS:000185506100016 PM 12970733 ER PT B AU Davis, WR Rankin, MB AF Davis, WR Rankin, MB BE Thompson, DO Chimenti, DE TI Laser vibrometry and strain gage measurements of thermosonic activation SO REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION, VOLS 22A AND 22B SE REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation CY JUL 14-19, 2002 CL WESTERN WASHINGTON UNIV, BELLINGHAM, WA HO WESTERN WASHINGTON UNIV AB Work in Thermosonics (Vibration Thermography) has demonstrated the ability to make cracks in metals, delamination in composites and disbonds visible to Infrared Thermography. A basic question of what energy levels are needed to "activate" the discontinuities remains as an impediment to a universal understanding and use of the technique. A specific strain gage configuration to measure only differential movement between the sides of a crack was compared with laser vibrometry measurements of the surface movement and crack infrared emittance levels of simple samples. Measurements were made to measure the effect of varying some of the operating parameters and the relationship of the measurements to crack visibility. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Davis, WR (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Attn WR Davis Code 4-3-4-2 Bldg 2188,48066 Shaw R, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA BN 0-7354-0117-9 J9 REV PROG Q PY 2003 VL 20 BP 492 EP 499 PN A&B PG 8 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science; Optics GA BW52Z UT WOS:000182317500063 ER PT J AU Vaidyanathan, R Campbell, J Artz, G Yarlagadda, S Gillespie, JW Dunaj, D Guest, B Nesmith, KL AF Vaidyanathan, R Campbell, J Artz, G Yarlagadda, S Gillespie, JW Dunaj, D Guest, B Nesmith, KL TI Water soluble tooling materials for complex polymer composite components and honeycombs SO SAMPE JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The subject of this article is the development of water-soluble tooling materials for complex polymer composite parts and honeycombs. This material is available either in paste (Aquacore(TM)) or castable form (Aquapour(TM)) and consists of a thermally resistant polymer blended with ceramic microspheres and plaster in the case of the castable version. These materials are capable of being used for polymer composite fabrication at temperatures up to 380degreesF These tooling materials have been used successfully to fabricate mandrels for filament winding and for complicated epoxy-matrix composite parts. The castable tooling materials have also been used for stabilization of honeycomb materials. Further work is in progress for enhancing the temperature capability of these tooling materials to enable their use for the newer type of matrix resins such as BMI. C1 Adv Ceram Res Inc, Tucson, AZ USA. Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Nava Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA USA. Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Vaidyanathan, R (reprint author), Adv Ceram Res Inc, Tucson, AZ USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 4 PU SAMPE PUBLISHERS PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DRIVE, COVINA, CA 91722 USA SN 0091-1062 J9 SAMPE J JI Sampe J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2003 VL 39 IS 1 BP 22 EP 33 PG 12 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 630YN UT WOS:000180139400004 ER PT J AU Jones, TG Grun, J Bibee, LD Manka, C Landsberg, A Tam, D AF Jones, TG Grun, J Bibee, LD Manka, C Landsberg, A Tam, D TI Laser-generated shocks and bubbles as laboratory-scale models of underwater explosions SO SHOCK AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article AB Underwater shocks and bubbles were generated using a high energy pulsed laser system. The advantages of this experimental approach are: (1) precisely controlled and measured experimental conditions; (2) improved diagnostics, including extensive imaging capabilities; (3) unique experiments, including a simultaneously detonated line charge; and (4) the ability to provide validation quality data for hydrodynamic simulation codes. Bubble sensitivity to variation of several experimental parameters was examined. Numerical simulations were performed corresponding to the experimental shots, showing that empirical bubble theory, experimental bubble data, and simulations were all in good agreement. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USN, Res Lab, Naval Oceanog Off, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39522 USA. Res Support Instruments Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Jones, TG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1070-9622 J9 SHOCK VIB JI Shock Vib. PY 2003 VL 10 IS 3 BP 147 EP 157 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 697GW UT WOS:000183935000001 ER PT S AU Nee, SMF Nee, TW AF Nee, SMF Nee, TW BE Gu, ZH Maradudin, AA TI Reflection and transmission scattering by rough plane surface of glass hemisphere SO SURFACE SCATTERING AND DIFFRACTION III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Surface Scattering and Diffraction III CY AUG 04-06, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE polarization; scattering; reflection; rough surface; depolarization; ellipsometry; Mueller matrix ID PRINCIPAL MUELLER MATRIX; NULL ELLIPSOMETRY; LIGHT-SCATTERING; POLARIZATION; DEPOLARIZATION AB Polarization of both Reflection and transmission scatterings by a rough plane surface of a glass hemisphere with a smooth spherical surface were measured. Null ellipsometry was used to measure the ellipsometric parameters and depolarization. Linear polarization, circular polarization, and principal Mueller matrix were obtained from the above measured quantities. Scattering was measured at fixed incident and detection directions, and variable sample orientation. The scattering and its polarization and depolarization are symmetric with the off-specular angle (OSA). The measured depolarization increases with increasing OSA and so do the deviations from the specular values for all parameters. The measured linear polarization increases with increasing OSA, and may change sign for large OSA. Reflection scattering shows more depolarization than the transmission scattering and so do the deviations from the specular values for all parameters. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Res Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Nee, SMF (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Res Dept, Code 4T4110D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5062-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5189 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1117/12.507780 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BX87T UT WOS:000186708200001 ER PT S AU Nee, TW Nee, SMF AF Nee, TW Nee, SMF BE Gu, ZH Maradudin, AA TI Polarization of holographic volume grating diffraction SO SURFACE SCATTERING AND DIFFRACTION III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Surface Scattering and Diffraction III CY AUG 04-06, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE diffraction theory; holographic grating; polarization; Mueller matrix AB The full polarization property of a holographic volume grating sample is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. There exists strong interaction between the transmitted and diffracted beams due to the grating diffraction of orders m = -1 and 1. Based upon a volume grating model, the diffracted fields and Mueller matrices of the interacting transmitted and diffracted beams were first analytically derived. The formalism is derived for the general case that the diffraction beam and the grating wave-vector are not in the plane of incidence, where s-waves and p-waves are not de-coupled. For a single-hologram grating sample, the Mueller matrix is measured at wavelength 632.8 nm and in good agreement with the theory. The result demonstrates a correlation between the diffraction strength and the polarization properties of the volume holographic grating. The derived algorithm has provided a simulation analysis tool for the engineering device design of real holographic beam combiner/splitter (HBCS) devices. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Nee, TW (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-5062-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5189 BP 11 EP 21 DI 10.1117/12.508293 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BX87T UT WOS:000186708200002 ER PT J AU Chapman, RD Davis, MC Gilardi, R AF Chapman, RD Davis, MC Gilardi, R TI A new preparation of gem-bis(difluoramino)-alkanes via direct fluorination of geminal bisacetamides SO SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE difluoramines; germinal bisacetamides; fluorination ID AROMATIC FLUORAMINES; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; DIFLUORAMINE; CRYSTAL AB A fundamentally new preparation of internal and terminal gem-bis(difluoramino)alkanes has been demonstrated by the direct fluorination of corresponding gem-bisacetamides, specifically, 1,1-bisacetamidocyclohexane and 1,1-bisacetamidopropane, leading to 1,1-bis(difluoramino)cyclohexane and 1,1-bis(difluoramino)propane, respectively. C1 Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Naval Air Syst Command, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Naval Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Chapman, RD (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Naval Air Syst Command, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM robert.chapman@navy.mil NR 33 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 0039-7911 J9 SYNTHETIC COMMUN JI Synth. Commun. PY 2003 VL 33 IS 23 BP 4173 EP 4184 DI 10.1081/SCC-120026361 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 751EB UT WOS:000187038900021 ER PT S AU Nichols, WK AF Nichols, WK BE Watkins, WR Clement, D Reynolds, WR TI Portable source initiative for distribution of cross-platform compatible multi-spectral databases SO TARGETS AND BACKGROUNDS IX: CHARACTERIZATION AND REPRESENTATION SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target and Backgrounds IX CY APR 21-22, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE portable source; visual database; MultiSpectral database; flight simulation; terrain; imagery; image generator; 3-D modeling; sensor simulation; refined source AB In response to popular demand, The Visual Group has undertaken an effort known as the Portable Source Initiative, a program intended to create cross-platform compatible multi-spectral databases by building a managed source set of data and expending a minimal amount of effort republishing run-time formatted proprietary databases. By building visual and sensor databases using a variety of sources, then feeding all value-added work back into standard, open, widely used source formats, databases can be published from this "refined source data"(1) in a relatively simple, automated, and repeatable fashion. To this end, with the endorsement of the Army's PM Cargo, we have offered a sample set of the source data we are building for the CH-47F TFPS program to the visual simulation industry at large to be republished into runtime formats. The results of this effort were an overwhelming acceptance of the concepts and theories within, and support from both industry and multi-service flight simulation teams. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Nichols, WK (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, 48183 Switzer Rd, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4934-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2003 VL 5075 BP 102 EP 109 DI 10.1117/12.497140 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy GA BX58B UT WOS:000185756600011 ER PT J AU Ewing, B Yandell, BS Barbieri, JF Luck, RF Forster, LD AF Ewing, B Yandell, BS Barbieri, JF Luck, RF Forster, LD TI Event-driven competing risks SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE discrete event system; stochastic Petri net; individual-oriented model; stochastic dynamic programming ID APHYTIS-MELINUS DEBACH; CALIFORNIA RED SCALE; CELLULAR-AUTOMATA; HOST SIZE; LINGNANENSIS; MODELS; HYMENOPTERA; APHELINIDAE; LIFE; PARASITOIDS AB The California red scale Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) (Homoptera: Diaspididae) is a major pest of California citrus, with infestations causing growers significant financial losses. It has recently developed resistance to traditional insecticide sprays. An alternative suppression tactic is the release of a biological control agent, Aphytis melinus DeBach (Aphelinidae: Hymenoptera) that feeds on red scale. Although many aspects of the red scale-Aphytis interaction are now understood, it is difficult to differentiate the effects of temperature and population fluctuations in the field. To investigate such complex interactions, we propose a new stochastic modeling technique, based on event-driven competing risks, that incorporates details of life histories as well as the host-parasitoid interaction. Our continuous-time, individual-oriented modeling approach quantifies relationships among individuals and describes the resulting coupling between the interacting populations. The event-structured simulation drives time in contrast to the usual time-driven stochastic dynamic programming. Our system, developed in the public domain using the R statistical package, allows for different biological clocks, since both red scale and Aphytis development respond to temperature (degree-days) while searching female Aphytis follow a diurnal time schedule, contingent upon temperature-dependent egg maturation. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Entomol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. NAWC WPNS, Adv Syst Dev, China Lake, CA USA. RP Yandell, BS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, 1210 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD DEC 15 PY 2002 VL 158 IS 1-2 BP 35 EP 50 AR PII S0304-3800(02)00218-1 DI 10.1016/S0304-3800(02)00218-1 PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 619KJ UT WOS:000179474900003 ER PT J AU Brundage, JF Ryan, MAK Feighner, BH Erdtmann, FJ AF Brundage, JF Ryan, MAK Feighner, BH Erdtmann, FJ TI Meningococcal disease among United States military service members in relation to routine uses of vaccines with different serogroup-specific components, 1964-1998 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID COLLEGE-STUDENTS; RISK AB Historically, military recruits have been at high risk of acquiring meningococcal disease. Beginning in the 1940s, the US military relied on mass treatment with sulfadiazine to control outbreaks in training camps. In the 1960s, a vaccine was developed in response to the emergence of sulfadiazine-resistant strains. Since 1971, all new recruits in the US military have been immunized against Neisseria meningitidis during their first days of service. Serogroups represented in vaccines given to service members have changed over time: the quadrivalent (A, C, Y, W135) vaccine has been given since 1982. In the US military, meningococcal disease rates decreased by similar to94% from 1964 to 1998. After initiating routine immunization in 1971, crude rates decreased sharply and have remained low; in addition, there have been few cases of disease caused by serogroups represented in contemporaneously administered vaccines. In the US military, immunizations have been effective for the prevention of disease caused by vaccine-homologous serogroups of N. meningitidis. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Natl Acad Sci, Inst Med, Med Follow Up Agcy, Washington, DC 20418 USA. RP Brundage, JF (reprint author), 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 30 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2002 VL 35 IS 11 BP 1376 EP 1381 DI 10.1086/344273 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 617AK UT WOS:000179336800011 PM 12439801 ER PT J AU Bekkedal, MYV Ritchie, GD Still, KR Rossi, J AF Bekkedal, MYV Ritchie, GD Still, KR Rossi, J TI A proposed working definition for the novel concept of neurobehavioral hormesis SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE non-linearity; inverted U-shaped curve; exposure standards; JP-8 ID SCHEDULE-CONTROLLED BEHAVIOR; CHEMICAL HORMESIS; OPERANT-BEHAVIOR; RISK ASSESSMENT; MANGANESE; RATS; STIMULATION; DATABASE; EXPOSURE; TOLUENE AB It is proposed that a novel concept, neurobehavioral hormesis, be considered for integration into the field of toxicology. Hormesis results in a non-linear dose response where low dose exposures to toxicants cause beneficial effects, and detrimental effects at higher doses. Hormesis has not been systematically incorporated into traditional risk assessment methodologies, yet there is recent evidence that this pattern of results is relatively prevalent. In this paper, hormesis is applied to neurobehavioral toxicology, and an operational definition is proposed for application to putative examples of neurobehavioral hormesis. The two primary criteria used for the operational definition are: (1) performance is enhanced with low dose exposure and denigrated at higher doses, and (2) the change in behavior persists following a recovery period. In recent research from our laboratory it was reported that rats exposed to JP-8 jet fuel vapor demonstrated such a pattern of neurobehavioral performance on tests of learning and memory. Specifically, animals with long-term exposure to low concentrations of jet fuel demonstrated enhanced performance on specific operant tasks as compared both to controls and to animals exposed to higher concentrations. The effect was most apparent during complex versus simple operant tests, and was observed months following the last exposure to jet fuel. The effects meet both criteria for the proposed working definition of neurobehavioral hormesis, and thus provide evidence of the validity for considering neurobehavioral hormesis in published and future research, and suggests a more systematic investigation of existing literature may be warranted. Also, it provides additional support for the overall proposal to include hormetic effects in formal risk assessment paradigms. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr Detachemnt Toxicol, Neurobehav Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Bekkedal, MYV (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr Detachemnt Toxicol, Neurobehav Effects Lab, 2612 5th St,Bldg 433,Area B, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS LLC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD DEC PY 2002 VL 8 IS 7 BP 1815 EP 1823 DI 10.1080/20028091056872 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 631EQ UT WOS:000180155500019 ER PT J AU Mansour, AN Dallek, S Smith, PH Baker, WM AF Mansour, AN Dallek, S Smith, PH Baker, WM TI Thermogravimetry and X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of heated V2O5 center dot nH(2)O aerogels and ambigels SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID V2O5 XEROGEL; VANADIUM-OXIDE; ELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION; LITHIUM INTERCALATION; K-EDGE; BATTERIES; SPECTRA; ENERGY; HOSTS; XAS AB We have used thermogravimetry and X-ray absorption spectroscopy to examine the water content, oxidation state, and local structure of V for V2O5.nH(2)O aerogels and ambigels in the pristine state and after heating under vacuum (100 muTorr) at 114 and 220degreesC for 25 h. On the basis of thermogravimetric analysis, the composition of the aerogels and ambigels consists of about 2 and 1 mol of H2O per mole of V2O5 in the pristine state and after heating at 114degreesC, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis reveals the absence of loosely bound H2O in the network of the aerogels and ambigels heated at 220degreesC. Analyses of X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra reveal that the oxidation state of V for aerogels and ambigels in the pristine state (V2O5.2.0H(2)O) as well as those heated at 114degreesC (V2O5.1.0H(2)O) is similar to that of V in V2O5; that is to say +5 (pentavalent V). Heat-treating the aerogels and ambigels at 114degreesC does not lead to a measurable change in the oxidation state of V. The local structure of V under these conditions is similar to that of V in orthorhombic V2O5 except for a higher degree of local symmetry within the structure of the VO5 square pyramid. Analyses of XANES and EXAFS spectra of aerogels and ambigels heated at 220degreesC, on the other hand, reveal the presence of both tetravalent and pentavalent V. The fractions of tetravalent V are estimated to be 0.29 +/- 0.08 and 0.26 +/- 0.08 for the aerogels and ambigels, respectively. The mixed valency can be in the form of a single phase with a solid solution of tetravalent and pentavalent V sites or a two-phase system with one phase containing tetravalent V and the other phase containing pentavalent V. (C) 2002 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM mansourAN@nswccd.navy.mil NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 EI 1945-7111 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD DEC PY 2002 VL 149 IS 12 BP A1589 EP A1597 DI 10.1149/1.1517284 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 616DP UT WOS:000179286700014 ER PT J AU Mui, SC Trapa, PE Huang, B Soo, PP Lozow, MI Wang, TC Cohen, RE Mansour, AN Mukerjee, S Mayes, AM Sadoway, DR AF Mui, SC Trapa, PE Huang, B Soo, PP Lozow, MI Wang, TC Cohen, RE Mansour, AN Mukerjee, S Mayes, AM Sadoway, DR TI Block copolymer-templated nanocomposite electrodes for rechargeable lithium batteries SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY ABSORPTION; CARBON NANOTUBES; HIGH-CAPACITY; ION-BATTERIES; ENERGY-STORAGE; ANODE MATERIAL; ALLOY; NANOCLUSTERS; ELECTROLYTES; MEMBRANES AB A self-organizing, nanocomposite electrode (SONE) system was developed as a model lithium alloy-based anode for rechargeable lithium batteries. In situ X-ray adsorption spectroscopy, galvanostatic testing, cyclic voltammetry, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze the electrode, which was fabricated from a polyethylene oxide-based block copolymer, single-walled carbon nanotubes, and gold salt. Processing involved a single mixing step without need of a reducing agent. It was found that thermodynamic self-assembly of the block copolymer could provide a template for incorporation of both the gold salt and nanotubes. Electrochemical testing and subsequent analysis showed that owing to the small particle size and the surrounding block copolymer matrix, the SONE system could cycle over 600 cycles with rates varying between C/1.8 and 8.8C with little evidence of decrepitation or coarsening. (C) 2002 The Electrochemical Society. C1 MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Northeastern Univ, Dept Chem, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Mui, SC (reprint author), MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 66 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD DEC PY 2002 VL 149 IS 12 BP A1610 EP A1615 DI 10.1149/1.1518482 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 616DP UT WOS:000179286700017 ER PT J AU Lin-Gibson, S Baranauskas, V Riffle, JS Sorathia, U AF Lin-Gibson, S Baranauskas, V Riffle, JS Sorathia, U TI Cresol novolac-epoxy networks: properties and processability SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE cresol novolac; novolac; flame retardant AB Linear controlled molecular weight ortho-cresol novolac oligomers were crosslinked with epoxies to form tough, flame retardant networks with enhanced processability and reduced moisture uptake. At the networks' optimum stoichiometry, the fracture toughness, assessed by the critical stress intensity factor (K-IC), was slightly higher for the cresol novolac-epoxy networks (similar to 1.1 MPa m(1/2)) than for similar phenolic novolac-epoxy networks (similar to 0.85 MPa M-1/2). Cresol novolac-epoxy networks exhibited improved processability under melt conditions relative to phenolic novolac-epoxy materials, and this was attributed to the presence of a methyl group adjacent to the hydroxyl group on cresol repeat units, which reduced the rate of reaction between phenol and epoxy. The use of cresol novolac oligomers also reduced the network equilibrium water absorption, and this was likely due to the presence of the additional methyl on each repeat unit. The equilibrium water absorption for all cresol novolac containing compositions was between 1.7 and 2.1 wt%, comparable to epoxy networks. Cone calorimetry showed that the flame retardance of cresol novolac-epoxy networks was lower than that for the phenolic novolac-epoxy materials, but was far superior to the control epoxy networks. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Lin-Gibson, S (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 10 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD DEC PY 2002 VL 43 IS 26 BP 7389 EP 7398 AR PII S0032-3861(02)00538-4 DI 10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00538-4 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 622RZ UT WOS:000179661900018 ER PT J AU Zhang, JJ Verhoef, MJ AF Zhang, JJ Verhoef, MJ TI Illness management strategies among Chinese immigrants living with arthritis SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE arthritis; Chinese immigrants; traditional Chinese medicine; Canada ID MEDICINE; CARE; WOMEN AB The purpose of this qualitative study,was to explore: arthritis management strategies among Chinese immigrants in Calgary, Canada, and to, assess factors, that impact on these strategies. Purposive 'sampling was used to select 19 Chinese immigrants living with arthritis. Data were collected by means of in-depth interviews. The interview data were analyzed according to the following steps: (1) transcribing interview materials, (2) developing codes, categories and themes, (3) theoretical coding, and (4) laying out the theoretical framework. The results, of this study describe factors, that impacted. on illness management strategies. These include arthritic symptoms,, beliefs about arthritis, beliefs about Western medicine based on treatment experience, beliefs about Chinese medicine, perceived barriers to using Chinese or Western medicine and social support. The emerging process of illness management shows that immigrants usually started using self-care remedies, followed by consulting Western physicians, consulting Chinese healers, and then returning to Western medicine. The results illustrate that disease management strategies among Chinese immigrants are impacted by disease, personal and cultural factors. These factors suggest helpful directions to providing culturally sensitive care, which can lead to greater satisfaction and well being for Chinese immigrants with arthritis. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calgary, Fac Med, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Verhoef, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Fac Med, Dept Community Hlth Sci, 3330 Hosp Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. NR 33 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD NOV PY 2002 VL 55 IS 10 BP 1795 EP 1802 AR PII S0277-9536(01)00311-2 DI 10.1016/S0277-9536(01)00311-2 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 610TX UT WOS:000178978000008 PM 12383463 ER PT J AU Mehta, RL McDonald, B Gabbai, F Pahl, M Farkas, A Pascual, MTA Zhuang, SP Kaplan, RM Chertow, GM AF Mehta, RL McDonald, B Gabbai, F Pahl, M Farkas, A Pascual, MTA Zhuang, SP Kaplan, RM Chertow, GM TI Nephrology consultation in acute renal failure: Does timing matter? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INTENSIVE-CARE; OUTCOMES; TRIAL; HEMODIALYSIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PROGNOSIS; SURVIVAL; SEVERITY; THERAPY; ILLNESS AB PURPOSE: Patients who develop acute renal failure in the intensive care unit (ICU) have extremely high rates of mortality and morbidity. The goals of this study were to identify correlates of the timing of nephrology consultation in acute renal failure, and to explore the relation between timing of consultation and outcomes. METHODS: We explored associations among timing of nephrology consultation and in-hospital mortality, lengths of hospital and ICU stay, and recovery of renal function in 215 ICU patients with acute renal failure at four U.S. teaching hospitals. We used multivariable logistic regression and propensity scores to adjust for confounding and selection effects. RESULTS: Nephrology consultation was delayed (greater than or equal to48 hours) in 61 patients (28%) (median time to consultation, 4 days). Lower serum creatinine levels (P <0.0001) and higher urine output (P = 0.002) were associated with delayed consultation. Delayed consultation was associated with increased mortality among dialyzed (31/42 [74%] vs. 50/103 [49%], P = 0.006) and nondialyzed patients (10/19 [53%] vs. 11/51 [22%], P = 0.01), and increases in lengths of hospital (median, 19 days vs. 16 days, P = 0.01) and ICU stay (17 days vs. 6 days, P <0.0001). The association between delayed consultation and mortality was attenuated by covariate adjustment, and was no longer statistically significant after adjustment for propensity score (odds ratio = 2.0; 95% confidence interval: 0.8 to 5.1). CONCLUSION: In acute renal failure, delayed nephrology consultation was associated with increased mortality and morbidity, whether or not dialysis was ultimately required. Using observational data, we cannot determine whether these findings reflect residual confounding, selection bias, adverse effects of delayed recognition of acute renal failure, or the benefits of nephrology consultation. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. San Diego Naval Hosp, San Diego, CA USA. San Diego Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Mehta, RL (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, 200 W Arbor Dr 8342, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [HS06466]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK53412] NR 30 TC 96 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD OCT 15 PY 2002 VL 113 IS 6 BP 456 EP 461 AR PII S0002-9343(02)01230-5 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(02)01230-5 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 613TY UT WOS:000179148600002 PM 12427493 ER PT J AU Selim, K Behling, C Lyche, KD Winston, DH Rossi, SJ Wahlstrom, EH Hyun, CB Jensen, JE Babich, MM Nguyen, TT Stewart, MA Myers, WY Ziegler, EA Oliver, DL Hassanein, TI AF Selim, K Behling, C Lyche, KD Winston, DH Rossi, SJ Wahlstrom, EH Hyun, CB Jensen, JE Babich, MM Nguyen, TT Stewart, MA Myers, WY Ziegler, EA Oliver, DL Hassanein, TI TI Tolerance to pegylated interferon maintenance therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C who are non-responders to standard combination therapy. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases (AASLD) CY NOV 01-05, 2002 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Menz & Lyche MDs, Ventura, CA USA. CIGNA Healthcare, Sun City, AZ USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. So Calif Transplantat Inst & Liver Ctr, Riverside, CA USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Front Range Gastroenterol Associates PC, Longmont, CO USA. Allegheny Univ Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Villa View Community Hosp, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2002 VL 36 IS 4 SU S MA 1646 BP 574A EP 574A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 598XK UT WOS:000178301701628 ER PT J AU Smith, B Ryan, MAK Gray, GC Polonsky, JM Trump, DH AF Smith, B Ryan, MAK Gray, GC Polonsky, JM Trump, DH TI Tuberculosis infection among young adults enlisting in the United States Navy SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; PPD; tuberculin skin testing ID FOREIGN-BORN PERSONS; HEALTH; EPIDEMIOLOGY; BEHAVIORS; RISK AB Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a re-emerging infectious disease threat worldwide. To protect the health and readiness of US military personnel, policies exist to screen for and treat latent TB infection at the time of service entrance. Results of this screening programme have not been recently described. Methods Multivariate regression techniques were used to evaluate demographic and medical data associated with TB infection among all young adults entering US Navy enlisted service between 1 October 1997 and 30 September 1998. Results A total of 44 128 adults (ages 17-35, 81% male) were screened for TB during this 12-month period. The prevalence of latent TB infection was 3.5%. Place of birth was very strongly associated with TB infection, with foreign-born recruits eight times more likely to have a reactive tuberculin skin test or history of infection. Those who reported their race as 'Asian/Pacific Island' had 3.8 times the odds of having evidence of TB infection compared with 'Caucasian' recruits, even after adjusting for place of birth. Conclusions The prevalence of TB infection among Navy recruits was last reported as 2.5% nearly 10 years ago. The apparent increase to 3.5% in this large cohort is likely due to a concurrent increase in the number of foreign-born recruits, and it serves to underscore the importance of comprehensive screening and treatment of latent TB infections in this population. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, DOD Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. USN Hosp, Div Prevent Med, Great Lakes, IL USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Smith, B (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, DOD Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0300-5771 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PD OCT PY 2002 VL 31 IS 5 BP 934 EP 939 DI 10.1093/ije/31.5.934 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 621MM UT WOS:000179593600009 PM 12435763 ER PT J AU Blood, CG Zhang, JJ Walker, GJ AF Blood, CG Zhang, JJ Walker, GJ TI Implications for modeling casualty sustainment during peacekeeping operations SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Projections of the casualties expected during peacekeeping operations allow medical planners to assess in advance the medical resources needed to support such operations. Data detailing fatalities incurred in previous peacekeeping operations were extracted from several U.N. sources. From these data rates of killed-in-action were computed for the deployed forces. One hundred eighty-eight peacekeeping incidents in which casualties were sustained were also examined to derive wounded-in-action rates. The estimated mean wounded-in-action rate for these operations was 3.16 per 1,000 strength per year; the estimated wounded-in-action rate for individual operations ranged from 0.49 to 12.50. There were an average of 3.8 wounded and 0.86 killed in the 188 casualty incidents examined. Thirty-eight percent of the wounds were described as serious. The casualty incidence derived in this study can provide a basis for estimating the casualties likely in future peacekeeping operations. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Geocenters Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP Blood, CG (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2002 VL 167 IS 10 BP 868 EP 872 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653EB UT WOS:000181421300019 PM 12392258 ER PT J AU Devereaux, A Amundson, DE Parrish, JS Lazarus, AA AF Devereaux, A Amundson, DE Parrish, JS Lazarus, AA TI Vesicants and nerve agents in chemical warfare - Decontamination and treatment strategies for a changed world SO POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Our evolving global political climate mandates preparation for attacks using chemical agents, which aggressive countries or organizations can easily make, transport, and deploy. In this article, a complement to the bioterrorism symposium featured in the August issue, Drs Devereaux, Amundson, Parrish, and Lazarus provide an overview of the vesicants and the nerve agents most likely to be used in chemical warfare. An article an the pulmonary agents, cyanides, incapacitating agents, and riot control agents will appear in a subsequent issue. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Internal Med Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Crit Care Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Internal Med, Pulm Crit Care Med Div, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Devereaux, A (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Internal Med, Pulm Crit Care Med Div, 36800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM adevereaux@pol.net NR 11 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU MCGRAW HILL HEALTHCARE PUBLICATIONS PI MINNEAPOLIS PA 4530 WEST 77TH ST, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55435-5000 USA SN 0032-5481 J9 POSTGRAD MED JI Postgrad. Med. PD OCT PY 2002 VL 112 IS 4 BP 90 EP 96 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 604RT UT WOS:000178635400011 PM 12400151 ER PT J AU Freedland, SJ Amling, CL Dorey, F Kane, CJ Presti, JC Terris, MK Aronson, WJ AF Freedland, SJ Amling, CL Dorey, F Kane, CJ Presti, JC Terris, MK Aronson, WJ CA Search Database Study Grp TI Race as an outcome predictor after radical prostatectomy: Results from the shared equal access regional cancer hospital (search) database SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEXTANT BIOPSIES; INDEPENDENT PREDICTOR; DISEASE RECURRENCE; SURVIVAL; IMPACT; RISK; MEN AB Objectives. Whether race is an independent predictor of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence after RP is controversial. To compare racial differences in clinical and pathologic features and biochemical recurrence in men undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP), we used a newly established multicenter database of patients from four equal-access healthcare centers in California, the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital (SEARCH) database. Methods. A retrospective survey of 1547 patients treated with RP at four different equal-access medical centers in California between 1988 and 2001 was undertaken. Race was categorized as white (n = 10 14), black (n = 338), or nonwhite-nonblack (n = 195). Patients were analyzed for racial differences in preoperative variables (age at surgery, clinical stage, PSA, and biopsy Gleason score) and surgical variables (pathologic stage, surgical Gleason score, incidence of seminal vesicle invasion, positive surgical margins, capsular penetration, and pelvic lymph node involvement). Patients were followed up for PSA recurrence. Multivariate analysis was used to determine whether race was an independent predictor of biochemical failure. Results. Significant differences were found among the races in the preoperative factors of clinical stage, age, serum PSA, and biopsy Gleason score, although the absolute differences were small. No differences were found among the races in the pathologic features of the RP specimens, including Gleason score, pathologic stage, and incidence of positive surgical margins, capsular penetration, seminal vesicle invasion, or lymph node involvement. In both univariate and multivariate analyses, only serum PSA (P <0.001) and biopsy Gleason score (P <0.001) were significant independent predictors of time to biochemical recurrence. Conclusions. In a large multicenter cohort of patients from four equal-access medical care facilities in California, although racial differences were found in clinical stage, age, biopsy Gleason score, and serum PSA level at diagnosis, we found race was not an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence after RP. Race should not be used in models or nomograms predicting PSA failure after RP. The current study represents the largest series of black patients and the first large series of nonwhite-nonblack patients treated with RP reported to date. The Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital database is a valuable resource for studying patients treated with RP. (C) 2002, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Urol, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. San Diego Naval Hosp, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biostat, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Sect, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Palo Alto Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Palo Alto, CA USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Aronson, WJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Urol, Sch Med, Box 951738, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 16 TC 84 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD OCT PY 2002 VL 60 IS 4 BP 670 EP 674 AR PII S0090-4295(02)01847-2 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(02)01847-2 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 603UK UT WOS:000178578700026 PM 12385931 ER PT J AU Patel, SJ Lundy, DC AF Patel, SJ Lundy, DC TI Ocular manifestations of autoimmune disease SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; SJOGRENS-SYNDROME; DRY EYE; SPONDYLOARTHROPATHIES; EPISCLERITIS; INVOLVEMENT; SCLERITIS; SYMPTOMS AB Rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, the seronegative spondyloarthropathies, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, giant cell arteritis, and Graves' disease are autoimmune disorders commonly encountered by family physicians. These autoimmune disorders can have devastating systemic and ocular effects. Ocular symptoms may include dry or red eyes, foreign-body sensation, pruritus, photophobia, pain, visual changes, and even complete loss of vision. Because a number of these diseases may initially present with ocular symptoms, physicians should maintain a high index of suspicion to make a timely diagnosis. A thorough ophthalmic examination, including visual acuity, pupillary reaction, ocular motility, confrontation field testing, external inspection, and direct ophthalmoscopy with fluorescein staining, should be completed. In the patient with the complaint of a "dry eye" or a "red eye," simple tools such as the Schirmer's test or the blanching effect of phenylephrine can be useful in diagnosis. In general, managing the systemic effects with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressive agents controls the ocular symptoms. When visual function is threatened, surgical therapy may be necessary. Early and accurate diagnosis with prompt treatment or referral to an ophthalmologist may prevent systemic and ocular disabilities. Copyright (C) 2002 American Academy of Family Physicians. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. RP Patel, SJ (reprint author), 34520 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM sjpatel@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 25 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD SEP 15 PY 2002 VL 66 IS 6 BP 991 EP 998 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 598AZ UT WOS:000178254100004 PM 12358224 ER PT J AU Kelso, JM AF Kelso, JM TI Recurrence of allergic rhinitis, previously alleviated with allergen immunotherapy, after autologous bone marrow transplant SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SERUM IGE LEVELS; ATOPY AB Background: Several associations between immunoglobulin E and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) have been reported. Objective: A patient whose allergic rhinitis (AR) resolved after allergen immunotherapy (AIT) but recurred after the patient received an autologous BMT is reported. Methods: Allergy skin tests were performed before AIT began and after 4 years of therapy. Skin tests were repeated after a recurrence of symptoms 6 years later after an autologous BMT for breast cancer. Results: Six years of AIT led to a near complete resolution of AR symptoms. Skin tests showed a marked reduction in reactivity to allergens in the AIT. After an additional 6-year symptom-free interval off AIT, symptoms returned after the BMT. Repeat skin tests showed a marked increase in reactivity. Conclusions: Patients reconstituting their immune systems after autologous BMT may have a recurrence of AR previously suppressed with AIT. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Internal Med, Div Allergy, San Diego, CA USA. RP Kelso, JM (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Clin Invest Dept KCA, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM jmkelso@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD SEP PY 2002 VL 89 IS 3 BP 316 EP 318 PG 3 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 595MH UT WOS:000178113000016 PM 12269654 ER PT J AU Arfsten, DP Wilson, CL Spargo, BJ AF Arfsten, DP Wilson, CL Spargo, BJ TI Radio frequency chaff: The effects of its use in training on the environment SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Review DE literature review; RF chaff; environment; environmental fate; environmental persistence; environmental concentrations; human health; livestock health; wildlife ID ALUMINUM; WORKERS; RATS; ACCUMULATION; EXCRETION; RETENTION; EXPOSURE; DISEASE; FIBERS; ASTHMA AB Chaff is a radiofrequency countermeasure released by military aircraft, ships, and vehicles to confuse enemy radar. Chaff consists of aluminum-coated glass fibers ranging in lengths from 0.8 to 0.75 cm and is released in packets of 0.5 to 100 million fibers. The Department of Defense has determined that use of chaff in training is required for maintaining proficiency in the use of this countermeasure. At least 500 tons of chaff is released annually during training within selected military operating areas in the United States. Concerns have been raised about impact on the environment and its potential toxicity to humans, livestock, and wildlife. Many of these concerns have been addressed or are being researched by the Department of Defense and other agencies, tout much of the data are unpublished. Herein, the authors summarize the issues and review scientific data for the impact of chaff use on humans, animals, and the environment. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Navy Environm & Prevent Med Unit 2, Norfolk, VA 23511 USA. RP Spargo, BJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6115, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD SEP PY 2002 VL 53 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1006/eesa.2002.2197 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 593FF UT WOS:000177979800001 PM 12481850 ER PT J AU Brown, JR Williams, DC Gwinn, TA Presley, SH Beavers, GM AF Brown, JR Williams, DC Gwinn, TA Presley, SH Beavers, GM TI Indoor low-volume spray trials: Handheld equipment evaluation SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE low-volume spray; Aedes aegypti; handheld sprayer ID MALATHION AB Four handheld aerosol-mist generators and I thermal fog generator were evaluated initially for their ability to deliver low flow rates (less than or equal to 5 ml/min) of resmethrin insecticide. Two generators, the London Fog Eliminator(R) and Clarke P1 (R), were then selected from that group to conduct a treatment of a block of 16 residences (4 X 4 grid) vs. direct treatment of individual residences to determine the most efficacious method of treating a group of small dwellings or a village. Data are presented on droplet density, volume median diameter, and mortality of caged mosquitoes treated with the PI and Eliminator in residences treated as a group; and mortality for caged Aedes aegypti L. in residences treated individually with the PI at various flow control settings and spray-on times. C1 Navy Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. RP Brown, JR (reprint author), Navy Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, Naval Air Stn, POB 43, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2002 VL 18 IS 3 BP 232 EP 235 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 747ZR UT WOS:000186837300017 PM 12322948 ER PT J AU Kopke, RD Coleman, JKM Liu, JZ Campbell, KCM Riffenburgh, RH AF Kopke, RD Coleman, JKM Liu, JZ Campbell, KCM Riffenburgh, RH TI Enhancing intrinsic cochlear stress defenses to reduce noise-induced hearing loss SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Review DE Noise-induced HL; acetyl-L-carnitine; carbamathione; methionine; oxidative stress ID GUINEA-PIG COCHLEA; ACETYL-L-CARNITINE; TEMPORARY THRESHOLD SHIFTS; EXCITATORY AMINO-ACIDS; FREE-RADICAL FORMATION; ACUTE ACOUSTIC TRAUMA; AUDITORY HAIR-CELLS; D-METHIONINE; GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS; IMPULSE-NOISE AB Objectives/Hypothesis: Oxidative stress plays a substantial role in the genesis of noise-induced cochlear injury that causes permanent hearing loss. We present the results of three different approaches to enhance intrinsic cochlear defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. This article explores, through the following set of hypotheses, some of the postulated causes of noise-induced cochlear oxidative stress (NICOS) and how noise-induced cochlear damage may be reduced pharmacologically. 1) NICOS is in part related to defects in mitochondrial bioenergetics and biogenesis. Therefore, NICOS can be reduced by acetyl-L carnitine (ALCAR), an endogenous mitochondrial membrane compound that helps maintain mitochondrial bioenergetics and biogenesis in the face of oxidative stress. 2) A contributing factor in NICOS injury is glutamate excitotoxicity, which can be reduced by antagonizing the action of cochlear N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors using carbamathione, which acts as a glutamate antagonist. 3) Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) may be characterized as a cochlear-reduced glutathione (GSH) deficiency state; therefore, strategies to enhance cochlear GSH levels may reduce noise-induced cochlear injury. The objective of this study was to document the reduction in noise-induced hearing and hair cell loss, following application of ALCAR, carbamathione, and a GSH repletion drug D-methionine (MET), to a model of noise-induced hearing loss. Study Design: This was a prospective, blinded observer study using the above-listed agents as modulators of the noise-induced cochlear injury response in the species chinchilla laniger. Methods. Adult chinchilla laniger had baseline-hearing thresholds determined by auditory brainstem response (ABR) recording. The animals then received injections of saline or saline plus active experimental compound starting before and continuing after a 6-hour 105 dB SPL continuous 4-kHz octave band noise exposure. ABRs were obtained immediately after noise exposure and weekly for 3 weeks. After euthanization, cochlear hair cell counts were obtained and analyzed. Results. ALCAR administration reduced noise-induced threshold shifts. Three weeks after noise exposure, no threshold shift at 2 to 4 kHz and < 10 dB threshold shifts were seen at 6 to 8 kHz in ALCAR-treated animals compared with 30 to 35 dB in control animals. ALCAR treatment reduced both inner and outer hair cell loss. OHC loss averaged <10%, for the 4- to 10-kHz region in ALCAR-treated animals and 60%, in saline-injected-noise-exposed control animals. Noise-induced threshold shifts were also reduced in carbamathione-treated animals. At 3 weeks, threshold shifts averaged 15 dB or less at all frequencies in treated animals and 30 to 35 dB in control animals. Averaged OHC losses were 30%, to 40% in carbamathione-treated animals and 60%, in control animals. IHC losses were 5% in the 4- to 10-kHz region in treated animals and 10%, to 20% in control animals. MET administration reduced noise-induced threshold shifts. ANOVA revealed a significant difference (P<.001). Mean OHC and IHC losses were also significantly reduced (P<.001). Conclusions: These data lend further support to the growing body of evidence that oxidative stress, generated in part by glutamate excitotoxicity, impaired mitochondrial function and GSH depletion causes cochlear injury induced by noise. Enhancing the cellular oxidative stress defense pathways in the cochlea eliminates noise-induced cochlear injury. The data also suggest strategies for therapeutic intervention to reduce NIHL clinically. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Def Spatial Orientat Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Clin Invest, San Diego, CA USA. So Illinois Univ, Sch Med, Dept Audiol, Springfield, IL USA. RP Kopke, RD (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Def Spatial Orientat Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 200, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM rdkopke@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 144 TC 80 Z9 85 U1 1 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD SEP PY 2002 VL 112 IS 9 BP 1515 EP 1532 DI 10.1097/00005537-200209000-00001 PG 18 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA 592KT UT WOS:000177937400001 PM 12352659 ER PT J AU Leap, MJ Brown, EL AF Leap, MJ Brown, EL TI Effects of composition and processing on development of grain coarsening resistance in cold forged and carburised steel SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOW-CARBON STEEL; AUSTENITE; RECRYSTALLIZATION; PRECIPITATION; CEMENTITE; MODEL AB A series of high nitrogen 0.2 wt-%C steels was melted to evaluate the effects of composition and processing on the isochronal austenite grain coarsening resistance of cold forged compression specimens during simulated carburising. Steels containing aluminium or combinations of aluminium and vanadium exhibit good grain coarsening resistance in the presence of a sufficiently high content of grain refining precipitates, whereas steels containing niobium and aluminium exhibit an extremely high degree of microstructural stability as a result of the relative thermodynamic independence with which Nb(C,N) and AIN coexist in austenite. In addition to the effects of grain refining precipitates, the evolution of the ferrite -carbide microstructure and the elimination of microstructural strain before austenitisation have a significant effect on grain coarsening resistance independent of steel composition. Grain coarsening resistance in this context is beneficially affected by reheating and hot rolling at high temperatures, subcritical (precipitation) annealing before cold forging, and subcritical annealing after cold forging. C1 Timken Co, Adv Mat Res & Dev Dept, Canton, OH 44706 USA. EB Sci Enterprises, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Leap, MJ (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 41 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA HUDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLAND SN 0267-0836 J9 MATER SCI TECH-LOND JI Mater. Sci. Technol. PD SEP PY 2002 VL 18 IS 9 BP 945 EP 958 DI 10.1179/026708302225004937 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 601QG UT WOS:000178457900001 ER PT J AU Booth-Kewley, S Larson, GE Ryan, MAK AF Booth-Kewley, S Larson, GE Ryan, MAK TI Predictors of navy attrition. I. Analysis of 1-year attrition SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB First-term attrition, defined as failing to complete the contracted first enlistment term, is one of the most serious and costly problems faced by the U.S. Navy. This study was an investigation of 1-year Navy attrition in relation to demographic factors and variables assessed by the Sailors' Health Inventory Program (SHIP) questionnaire, a medical and psychosocial history questionnaire completed by all Navy recruits. Overall attrition, as well as specific categories of attrition (e.g., medical, behavioral, and administrative), were studied. The sample consisted of 66,690 Navy recruits whose status (retention vs. attrition) could be tracked to the 1-year mark. The strongest predictors of overall attrition were educational level, self-reported history of shortness of breath, ever being suspended or expelled from school, history of depression/excessive worry, fainting or dizziness, and recurrent back pain. Many other medical and psychosocial items from SHIP were also predictive of attrition. Similar factors were associated with different categories of attrition (e.g., medical, behavioral). The implications of these findings for attrition reduction strategies are discussed. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Booth-Kewley, S (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 16 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2002 VL 167 IS 9 BP 760 EP 769 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653EA UT WOS:000181421200015 PM 12363169 ER PT J AU Larson, GE Booth-Kewley, S Ryan, MAK AF Larson, GE Booth-Kewley, S Ryan, MAK TI Predictors of navy attrition. II. A demonstration of potential usefulness for screening SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DISCHARGE AB The Sailors Health Inventory Program (SHIP) questionnaire is a medical and psychosocial history questionnaire completed by all Navy recruits. This study was an investigation of the potential usefulness of the SHIP questionnaire for screening to reduce basic training attrition. The sample consisted of 66,690 Navy recruits. Although the most valid individual SHIP items for predicting attrition tended to be psychological or behavioral in nature, a composite of 40 diverse SHIP questions (including medical questions) was found to be the best overall attrition predictor. Further analyses revealed that the 40-item composite is a considerably more powerful attrition predictor than is either educational credential or mental ability score, which together are currently the U.S. military's primary attrition management tools. Finally, the consequences of using different cutoff scores on the 40-item composite were simulated so that various hypothetical screening strategies could be considered. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Larson, GE (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 10 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2002 VL 167 IS 9 BP 770 EP 776 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653EA UT WOS:000181421200016 PM 12363170 ER PT J AU Satter, EK Graham, BS Gibbs, NF AF Satter, EK Graham, BS Gibbs, NF TI Congenital tufted angioma SO PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID KASABACH-MERRITT-SYNDROME; VASCULAR TUMORS; ANGIOBLASTOMA; HEMANGIOMA AB A 7-year-old Filipino girl presented to the dermatology clinic with a slowly enlarging plaque on the inner aspect of her upper left arm. Although she had this lesion since birth, it had gradually enlarged and become indurated and slightly painful. The histopathologic examination showed a vascular proliferation within the dermis, with a "cannonball" appearance consistent with a tufted angioma. We review the literature and discuss the clinical presentation of this rare vascular tumor. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Satter, EK (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Dermatol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM EKSatter@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 20 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0736-8046 J9 PEDIATR DERMATOL JI Pediatr. Dermatol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2002 VL 19 IS 5 BP 445 EP 447 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1470.2002.00204.x PG 3 WC Dermatology; Pediatrics SC Dermatology; Pediatrics GA 604WQ UT WOS:000178644400015 PM 12383105 ER PT J AU Melcer, T Hunsaker, D Crann, B Caola, L Deniston, W AF Melcer, T Hunsaker, D Crann, B Caola, L Deniston, W TI A prospective evaluation of ENT telemedicine in remote military populations seeking specialty care SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL AND E-HEALTH LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE; OTOLARYNGOLOGY; NEEDS; SYSTEM AB This study evaluated telemedicine use in remote military treatment facilities (MTFs) ashore over a 4-month period to help guide telemedicine applications for shipboard medical departments. A prospective study design was used to evaluate specialty care provided by an ear/nose/throat (ENT) physician via videoconferencing NO for patients at remote MTFs in TRICARE Region 9. The study provided a complete and continuous sample of ENT consultations during a planned 4-month period. Data sources included a telemedicine database and telephone interviews to assess attitudes of physician and nonphysician medical personnel. A total of 193 VC consultations (hereafter referred to as teleconsultations) were conducted following referrals from primary providers. Patients were mostly young, male, active-duty personnel. Forty-five percent of the 193 teleconsultations resulted in changed diagnosis by the ENT specialist relative to initial diagnosis by the referring provider. This rate of clinical impact was substantial, and it generalized across various ENT conditions, demographics, and MTFs. Medical personnel reported generally positive attitudes about telemedicine technologies and the telemedicine process in TRICARE Region 9. Nonphysician providers reported slightly more favorable attitudes compared to physicians. These results suggest that ENT telemedicine has substantial clinical impact in the military populations treated at MTFs. A high rate of changed diagnoses (45%) was observed across age, gender, military status, ENT conditions, and treatment facilities. Medical personnel reported positive attitudes about using the telemedicine system. These results support the use of telemedicine in shipboard medical departments. C1 Field Med Technol, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. MTS Technol Inc, Arlington, VA USA. RP Melcer, T (reprint author), Field Med Technol, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1530-5627 J9 TELEMED J E-HEALTH JI Telemed. J. e-Health PD FAL PY 2002 VL 8 IS 3 BP 301 EP 311 DI 10.1089/15305620260353199 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 605BP UT WOS:000178655800004 PM 12419024 ER PT J AU Williams, D Hilton, SM Moore, J AF Williams, D Hilton, SM Moore, J TI Cognitive measures of Vietnam-era prisoners of war SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID FOLLOW-UP; DISABILITY; STRESS C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN, Operat Med Inst, Robert E Mitchell Ctr Prisoner War Studies, Pensacola, FL USA. RP Williams, D (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RI Hilton, Susan/A-3324-2009 NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 7 PY 2002 VL 288 IS 5 BP 574 EP 575 DI 10.1001/jama.288.5.574 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 581FJ UT WOS:000177280200013 PM 12150666 ER PT J AU Coyle, WJ Pineau, BC Tarnasky, PR Knapple, WL Aabakken, L Hoffman, BJ Cunningham, JT Hawes, RH Cotton, PB AF Coyle, WJ Pineau, BC Tarnasky, PR Knapple, WL Aabakken, L Hoffman, BJ Cunningham, JT Hawes, RH Cotton, PB TI Evaluation of unexplained acute and acute recurrent pancreatitis using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, sphincter of Oddi manometry and endoscopic ultrasound SO ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID IDIOPATHIC ACUTE-PANCREATITIS; INCREASED CHOLECYSTECTOMY RATE; NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY; LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSIS; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; MANAGEMENT; DIVISUM; PANCREATOGRAPHY AB Background and Study Aims: Unexplained pancreatitis represents a diagnostic challenge. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic utility of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with sphincter of Oddi manometry (SOM), bile analysis, and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in evaluating such patients. Patients and Methods: Of 162 patients referred for evaluation of pancreatitis, 72 with a known cause were excluded. The remainder (n=90) was classified as having prior acute (n=24) or recurrent acute pancreatitis (n = 66). Bile sampling and SOM were performed at the time of ERCP. EUS was used to assess for tumors and for chronic pancreatitis. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by questionnaire. Results: ERCP was successful in 88/89 patients (99%). Manometry was successful in 63/67 patients (94%), and 56 patients underwent EUS. Findings were categorized into five distinct etiologies: sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) (n = 28; 31%), pancreas divisum (n=18; 20%), biliary (n=18; 20%), idiopathic (n=18; 20%) and tumor-related (n=8; 9%). Features of moderate or severe chronic pancreatitis by EUS and ERCP criteria were found in 18 patients (21%); an additional nine patients had chronic pancreatitis by EUS criteria alone. EUS identified all the tumors. The condition was improved in 96% of all patients undergoing endoscopic therapy. Conclusion: An etiology was identified in the majority of patients with unexplained pancreatitis. SOD represented the most common finding. Moderate to severe chronic pancreatitis was found in over one-fifth of these patients. Bile analysis, SOM, and EUS are useful tools in the evaluation of unexplained acute pancreatitis. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Ctr Digest Dis, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Coyle, WJ (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Gastroenterol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM waltcoyle@aol.com NR 54 TC 82 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 1 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0013-726X J9 ENDOSCOPY JI Endoscopy PD AUG PY 2002 VL 34 IS 8 BP 617 EP 623 DI 10.1055/s-2002-33245 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery GA 580JQ UT WOS:000177231800004 PM 12173081 ER PT J AU Schafer, TW Binmoeller, KF AF Schafer, TW Binmoeller, KF TI Argon plasma coagulation for the treatment of colonic varices SO ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Editorial Material ID BARRETTS-ESOPHAGUS; TOTAL PROCTOCOLECTOMY; JEJUNAL VARICES; ILEAL VARICES; HEMORRHAGE; COMPLICATION; LIGATION AB Various individually tailored endoscopic treatment modalities have been described for bleeding colorectal varices. We describe a case of a 65-year-old man, in whom argon plasma coagulation successfully eradicated ectopic varices at the ileocolonic anastomosis; bleeding could be stopped. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Gastroenterol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Schafer, TW (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Clin Invest, KCA, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM twschafer@pnh10.med.navy.mil NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0013-726X J9 ENDOSCOPY JI Endoscopy PD AUG PY 2002 VL 34 IS 8 BP 661 EP 663 DI 10.1055/s-2002-33238 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery GA 580JQ UT WOS:000177231800012 PM 12173089 ER PT J AU Smith, TC Smith, B Ryan, MAK Gray, GC Hooper, TI Heller, JM Dalager, NA Kang, HK Gackstetter, GD AF Smith, TC Smith, B Ryan, MAK Gray, GC Hooper, TI Heller, JM Dalager, NA Kang, HK Gackstetter, GD TI Ten years and 100,000 participants later: Occupational and other factors influencing participation in US Gulf War health registries SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE CHEMICAL-SENSITIVITY; POSTWAR HOSPITALIZATION EXPERIENCE; COMPREHENSIVE CLINICAL-EVALUATION; CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; POPULATION-BASED SURVEY; SELF-REPORTED SYMPTOMS; PERSIAN-GULF; DESERT-SHIELD; VETERANS; ILLNESSES AB For more than a decade after the Gulf War, there has been concern that wartime exposures have resulted in significant morbidity among Gulf War veterans. After the end of the war, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and the Department of Defense (DoD) initiated health registries to provide systematic clinical evaluations of Gulf War veterans who chose to participate. By September 1999, there were 32,8 76 participants in the DoD Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation Program and 70,385 participants in the VA Gulf War Registry Health Examination Program. We identified demographic and military service factors, as well as potential war-related exposures associated with subsequent registry participation after 10 years of observation. Veterans potentially exposed to oil well fire smoke, those near Khamisiyah, Reserve and National Guard, Army veterans, and veterans in the theater of operations during intense combat periods were most likely to elect to participate in a registry. These findings support the hypothesis that certain occupational factors and wartime exposures may influence subsequent health care-seeking behavior. C1 US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Deployment Environm Surveillance Program, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Environm Epidemiol Serv, Washington, DC USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Smith, TC (reprint author), US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 45 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 44 IS 8 BP 758 EP 768 DI 10.1097/01.jom.0000026640.83602.3c PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 583AE UT WOS:000177382700011 PM 12185797 ER PT J AU Jorgensen, MG Carroll, WB AF Jorgensen, MG Carroll, WB TI Incidence of tooth sensitivity after home whitening treatment SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CARBAMIDE PEROXIDE; TISSUES; TEETH AB Background. A potential side effect of dentist-dispensed home tooth-whitening systems is tooth sensitivity. The authors conducted a randomized prospective double-blind study to determine the incidence of tooth sensitivity after home whitening treatment. Methods. Fifty adult subjects used a gel containing 15 percent carbamide peroxide and 0.11 percent fluoride ion; an additional 50 adult subjects used a placebo gel daily for four weeks. Each subject's plaque index score, gingival recession status, caries status, current dentifrice and smoking history were recorded at baseline. The researchers evaluated sensitivity weekly by interview for four weeks. Results. Fifty-four percent of subjects in both test and control groups reported mild sensitivity; 10 percent of test subjects and 2 percent of control subjects reported moderate sensitivity; 4 percent of test subjects and no control subjects reported severe sensitivity. Sensitivity decreased with time; by the second week, no severe sensitivity was reported, and by the fourth week, no moderate sensitivity was reported. The authors found a statistically significant positive correlation between reported sensitivity and gingival recession. They found no statistically significant correlations between sensitivity and any of the other recorded parameters. Conclusions. Mild tooth sensitivity can be expected in approximately one-half of patients who undergo home whitening treatment using the gel studied. Approximately 10 percent of patients may experience moderate sensitivity, and 4 percent of patients may experience severe sensitivity for one to two weeks. Patients with gingival recession appear more likely to experience tooth sensitivity during home whitening treatment. Clinical Implications. Patients considering home whitening treatment should be advised that mild tooth sensitivity is a common side effect and that severe tooth sensitivity occasionally occurs. If gingival recession is present, the probability of tooth sensitivity increases and tooth sensitivity tends to decrease as treatment progresses. C1 Univ So Calif, Sch Dent, Div Primary Oral Hlth Care, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. USN, Dent Corps, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. RP Jorgensen, MG (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Sch Dent, Div Primary Oral Hlth Care, 925 W 34th St, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM jorgensm@usc.edu NR 34 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER DENTAL ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 133 IS 8 BP 1076 EP 1082 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 585GA UT WOS:000177516000019 PM 12198987 ER PT J AU Kimmel, EC Courson, DL AF Kimmel, EC Courson, DL TI Characterization of particulate matter in carbon-graphite/epoxy advanced composite material smoke SO AIHAJ LA English DT Article DE advanced composite material; carbon-graphite/epoxy; fibers; particulates; respirable; smoke ID FIBER AB The physical and chemical properties of the particulate fraction of carbon-graphite/epoxy advanced composite material (cgeACM) smoke were measured to address concerns regarding potential health hazards posed by the release of fibers during pyrolysis of this material, Filter, low-pressure cascade impactor, and electrostatic precipitator samples were collected from cgeACM smoke in which the aerosol concentration ranged from 0.20 to 5.39 g/m(3). Fibers were found in the smoke among individual, spherical, or nearly spherical particles and chain aggregates. The fibers had a mean count diameter of 0.54 mum and an average length of 2.84 mum. However, fibers accounted for approximately 0.3% of the particles counted. The smoke aerosols (including fibers) had mass median aerodynamic diameters (MMAD) ranging from 1.4 to 1.9 mum with standard geometric deviations ranging from 1.6 to 1.8, and hence more than 88% of the particles were in the thoracic size range (MMADless than or equal to4.0 mum). All particles were composed primarily of carbon, silicon, sulfur, and oxygen with traces of other metals. By comparison fibers were composed almost exclusively of silicon. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Mantech Environm Technol Inc, Hlth Effects Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Kimmel, EC (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Geocenters Inc, NHRC TD Bldg,433 2612 5th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOC PI FAIRFAX PA 2700 PROSPERITY AVE #250, FAIRFAX, VA 22031-4307 USA SN 1529-8663 J9 AIHAJ JI AIHAJ PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 63 IS 4 BP 413 EP 423 DI 10.1080/15428110208984729 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 583DG UT WOS:000177390200006 PM 12486774 ER PT J AU Chalfin, S D'Andrea, JA Comeau, PD Belt, ME Hatcher, DJ AF Chalfin, S D'Andrea, JA Comeau, PD Belt, ME Hatcher, DJ TI Millimeter wave absorption in the nonhuman primate eye at 35 GHz and 94 GHz SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE risk assessment; microwaves; radiation damage; radiation; nonionizing ID MICROWAVES; EXPOSURE AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate anterior segment bioeffects of pulsed 35 GHz and 94 GHz microwave exposure in the nonhuman primate eye. Five juvenile rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) underwent baseline anterior segment ocular assessment consisting of slit lamp examination, corneal topography, specular microscopy, and pachymetry. These studies were repeated after exposure of one eye to pulsed 35 GHz or 94 GHz microwaves at varied fluences, with the other eye serving as a control. The mean fluence required to produce a threshold corneal lesion (faint epithelial edema and fluorescein staining) was 7.5 J cm(-2) at 35 GHz and 5 J cm(-2) at 94 GHz. Transient changes in corneal topography and pachymetry were noted at these fluences. Endothelial cell counts remained unchanged. Threshold corneal injury from 35 GHz and 94 GHz microwave exposure is produced at fluences below those previously reported for CO2 laser radiation. These data may help elucidate the mechanism of thermal injury to the cornea, and resolve discrepancies between IEEE C95.1 (1999), NCRP (1986), and ICNIRP (1998) safety standards for exposure to non-ionizing radiation at millimeter wavelengths. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Chalfin, S (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM chalfin@uthscsa.edu NR 21 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 83 IS 1 BP 83 EP 90 DI 10.1097/00004032-200207000-00009 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 564CV UT WOS:000176298200009 PM 12075687 ER PT J AU Gray, GC Reed, RJ Kaiser, KS Smith, TC Gastanaga, VM AF Gray, GC Reed, RJ Kaiser, KS Smith, TC Gastanaga, VM TI Self-reported symptoms and medical conditions among 11,868 Gulf War-era veterans SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cross-sectional studies; health surveys; military medicine; military personnel; Persian Gulf syndrome; public health; veterans ID MULTIPLE CHEMICAL-SENSITIVITY; FUNCTIONAL SOMATIC SYNDROMES; CHRONIC MULTISYMPTOM ILLNESS; CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; POPULATION-BASED SURVEY; HEALTH; EXPOSURES; PREVALENCE; SERVICE; STRESS AB US Navy Seabees have been among the most symptomatic Gulf War veterans. Beginning in May 1997, the authors mailed Gulf War-era Seabees a health survey in serial mailings. As of July 1, 1999, 68.6% of 17,559 Seabees contacted had returned the questionnaire. Compared with other Seabees, Gulf War Seabees reported poorer general health, a higher prevalence of all 33 medical problems assessed, more cognition difficulties, and a higher prevalence of four physician-diagnosed multisymptom conditions: chronic fatigue syndrome, posttraumatic stress disorder, multiple chemical sensitivity, and irritable bowel syndrome. Because the four multisymptom conditions were highly associated with one another, the authors aggregated them into a working case definition of Gulf War illness. Among the 3,831 (22% cases) Gulf War Seabee participants, multivariable modeling revealed that female, Reserve, and enlisted personnel and participants belonging to either of two particular Seabee units were most likely to meet the case definition. Twelve of 34 self-reported Gulf War exposures were mildly associated with meeting the definition of Gulf War illness, with exposure to fumes from munitions having the highest odds ratio (odds ratio = 1.9, 95% confidence interval: 1.5, 2.4). While these data do not implicate a specific etiologic exposure, they demonstrate a strong association and a high prevalence of self-reported multisymptom conditions in a large group of symptomatic Gulf War veterans. C1 US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Gray, GC (reprint author), US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 59 TC 104 Z9 106 U1 2 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 155 IS 11 BP 1033 EP 1044 DI 10.1093/aje/155.11.1033 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 557MY UT WOS:000175913400007 PM 12034582 ER PT J AU Wilson, CL Arfsten, DP Carpenter, RL Alexander, WK Still, KR AF Wilson, CL Arfsten, DP Carpenter, RL Alexander, WK Still, KR TI Effect of Navy chaff release on aluminum levels in an area of the Chesapeake Bay SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE exchangeable aluminum; monomeric aluminum; chaff; sediment; soil; Chesapeake Bay ID PLANTS; ACCUMULATION; STREAMS; GROWTH; RATS AB The U.S. Navy uses aluminized glass chaff as a passive countermeasure for radar-guided threats to aircraft and surface ships. Over the last 25 years, several hundred thousand pounds of aluminized chaff have been released during flight operations over a training area on the Chesapeake Bay. There is concern that these releases have resulted in the accumulation of significant amounts of aluminum in the soil and sediment of this training area. This study compares the exchangeable and monomeric aluminum content of sediment within the affected area with that of samples taken from outside the training area. We found a less than twofold increase in the content of organic monomeric aluminum in samples taken from the affected area versus background samples, whereas inorganic monomeric aluminum concentrations within the affected area were significantly lower than background. These results suggest that chaff releases have not resulted in a significant accumulation of aluminum in this training area. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Wilson, CL (reprint author), USN, Environm & Prevent Med Unit 2, 1887 Powhatan, Norfolk, VA 23511 USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 52 IS 2 BP 137 EP 142 DI 10.1006/eesa.2002.2178 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 560WF UT WOS:000176103800009 PM 12061831 ER PT J AU Sastry, SML Mahapatra, R Davis, AW AF Sastry, SML Mahapatra, R Davis, AW TI Ductile Ll(2)Rh(3)Ti intermetallics for ultra-high temperature applications SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Structural and Functional Intermetallics CY JUL 16-19, 2000 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA DE mechanical properties; intermetallics; ductility; Rh-Ti alloys; Mar M200 AB The microstructures and deformation behavior at 25-1000 degreesC of Rh-xTi (x = 15, 20, and 25 at.%) alloys were studied. The alloys were prepared by non-consumable electrode arc melting, The arc-melted buttons were isothermally forged at 1100 degreesC, and the mechanical properties at 25-1000 degreesC were evaluated by microhardness measurements, compression testing, and 3-point bend testing. The deformed specimens were examined by scanning electron microscopy for the determination of the extent and nature of slip and by transmission electron microscopy for the identification of dislocation activity. Unlike many other high temperature intermetallics, the Rh-Ti alloys do exhibit room temperature ductility. The high temperature strength and creep resistances are superior in Rh-Ti alloys to some of the other high temperature intermetallics. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Mech Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Naval Air Syst Command, Mat Lab, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Sastry, SML (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Campus Box 118,1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 329 SI SI BP 486 EP 491 AR PII S0921-5093(01)01625-2 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01625-2 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 572FJ UT WOS:000176762600072 ER PT J AU Gray, GC Chesbrough, KB Ryan, MAK Amoroso, P Boyko, EJ Gackstetter, GD Hooper, TI Riddle, JR AF Gray, GC Chesbrough, KB Ryan, MAK Amoroso, P Boyko, EJ Gackstetter, GD Hooper, TI Riddle, JR CA Millennium Cohort Study Grp TI The millennium cohort study: A 21-year prospective cohort study, of 140,000 military personnel SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Illnesses Among Gulf War Veterans CY JAN 24-26, 2001 CL ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA ID VETERANS; CARE AB Does military service, in particular operational deployment, result in a higher risk of chronic illness among military personnel and veterans? The Millennium Cohort Study, the largest Department of Defense prospective cohort study ever conducted, will attempt to answer this question. The probability-based sample of 140,000 military personnel will be surveyed every 3 years during a 21-year period. The first questionnaire, scheduled for release in summer 2001, will be sent to 30,000 veterans who have been deployed to southwest Asia, Bosnia, or Kosovo since August 1997 and 70,000 veterans who have not been deployed to these conflict areas. Twenty thousand new participants will be added to the group in each of the years 2004 and 2007 to complete the study population of 140,000. The participants will have the option of completing the study questionnaire either on the paper copy received in the mail or through the World Wide Web-based version, which is available at www.MillenniumCohort.org. This will be one of the first prospective studies ever to offer such an option. The initial survey instrument will collect data regarding demographic characteristics, self-reported medical conditions and symptoms, and health-related behaviors. Validated instruments will be incorporated to capture self-assessed physical and mental functional status (Short Form for Veterans), psychosocial assessment (Patient Health Questionnaire), and post-traumatic stress disorder (Patient Checklist-17). Information obtained from the survey responses will be linked with other military databases, including data on deployment, occupation, vaccinations, health care utilization, and disability. In addition to revealing changes in veterans' health status over time, the Millennium Cohort Study will serve as a data repository, providing a solid foundation upon which additional epidemiological studies may be constructed. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Total Army Injury & Hlth Outcomes Database Projec, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. US Dept Def, Off Assistant Secretary Def Hlth Affairs, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. RP Chesbrough, KB (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. OI Potter, John/0000-0001-5439-1500 NR 20 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 167 IS 6 BP 483 EP 488 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DV UT WOS:000181420700010 PM 12099084 ER PT J AU Shafer, MA Boyer, CB Shaffer, RA Schachter, J Ito, SI Brodine, SK AF Shafer, MA Boyer, CB Shaffer, RA Schachter, J Ito, SI Brodine, SK TI Correlates of sexually transmitted diseases in a young male deployed military population SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LIGASE CHAIN-REACTION; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; RISK-FACTORS; INFECTION; URINE; MEN; PERSONNEL; ARMY; GONORRHEA AB Objective: To examine risk factors of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in a non-clinic-based sample of young male military personnel. Methods: A total of 1,028 enlisted U.S. Marines completed a self-report survey querying sexual behaviors in the previous 3 months and provided urine specimens for STD screening by nucleic acid amplification testing for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Risk for STDS was assessed using a composite Sexual Risk Index. Recent STD infection was defined as a positive result on urine-based screening for chlamydial and/or gonococcal infection and/or a history of STDs in the past 3 months. Results: Recent STDs were identified in 76 men (7.4%): 42 (4.1%) were diagnosed with a chlamydial infection with no gonorrhea found, and 34 (3.3%) reported a history of STDs. Men with the highest score on the Sexual Risk Index were 2.6 times more likely to have a current STD compared with those at lowest risk (odds ratio = 2.6, confidence interval = 1.01, 6.2). Conclusions: Use of a composite measure of risk can identify the most significant factors associated with recent STDs in young military men. Such an index may be useful to target STD screening for those at greatest risk for STDs. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, Div Adolescent Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Diego State Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Shafer, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, Div Adolescent Med, 3333 Calif St,Suite 245, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU PHS HHS [MCH000978, A131499-01, U01-A131499-0353] NR 26 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 167 IS 6 BP 496 EP 500 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DV UT WOS:000181420700012 PM 12099086 ER PT J AU Melcer, T Crann, B Hunsaker, D Deniston, W Caola, L AF Melcer, T Crann, B Hunsaker, D Deniston, W Caola, L TI A retrospective evaluation of the development of a telemedicine network in a military setting SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB This was a retrospective evaluation of the first 30 months of a new telemedicine network in TRICARE Region Nine. In 1997, the region initiated a telemedicine network with a hub facility at Naval Medical Center, San Diego, providing specialty consultations for remote military treatment facilities in southern California. The region's Internet site, the Referral Management System, was used to schedule and record telemedicine activity, totaling 1,364 cases during the first 30 months of network operation. The rate of telemedicine use increased with the "age" (duration of operation) of both the entire network and of systems at each of five military treatment facilities. The ear/nose/throat specialty accounted for more than 90% of telemedicine activity. Preliminary data indicated that consultations had substantial clinical impact, with 49% of sessions resulting in changed diagnoses. Evaluating telemedicine use in a military setting ashore may guide similar applications for ships at sea. C1 MTS Technol Inc, Arlington, VA 22206 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Melcer, T (reprint author), MTS Technol Inc, Shirlington Gateway,2800 Shirlington Rd,Suite 100, Arlington, VA 22206 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 167 IS 6 BP 510 EP 515 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DV UT WOS:000181420700015 PM 12099089 ER PT J AU Griffith, JD Hart, CL AF Griffith, JD Hart, CL TI A summary of US skydiving fatalities: 1993-1999 SO PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS LA English DT Article ID INJURIES AB Between 1993 and 1999, 241 people died while participating in civilian recreational skydives in the United States. A taxonomy of skydiving fatalities was developed and used to categorize the fatalities. C1 W Texas A&M Univ, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Hart, CL (reprint author), 43831 Avon Way, Leonardtown, MD 20650 USA. NR 3 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERCEPTUAL MOTOR SKILLS PI MISSOULA PA PO BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807 USA SN 0031-5125 J9 PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL JI Percept. Mot. Skills PD JUN PY 2002 VL 94 IS 3 BP 1089 EP 1090 DI 10.2466/PMS.94.4.1089-1090 PN 2 PG 2 WC Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 583MJ UT WOS:000177411400005 PM 12186229 ER PT J AU Brown, A Meath, WJ Tran, P AF Brown, A Meath, WJ Tran, P TI Two-color pulsed-laser phase control in dipolar molecules: Rotating-wave approximation versus exact results SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID INDUCED TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; PERMANENT DIPOLES; MULTIPHOTON TRANSITIONS; SINUSOIDAL FIELD; 2-LEVEL SYSTEM; ONE-PHOTON; 2-COLOR; MOMENTS; EXCITATIONS; RESONANCES AB A rotating-wave approximation (RWA) is developed to describe the interaction of a two-level system, which has permanent dipole moments, with two pulsed lasers. The RWA expressions for the time-dependent populations of the molecular states are applied to model laser-molecule interactions and tested by comparison with exact results. The results are used to discuss the pulsed-laser phase control of molecular excitation through the interplay of competing one- and two-photon resonances involving the effects of a nonzero difference d between the permanent dipoles of the two states involved in the transition; the competition vanishes if d=0. C1 Univ Western Ontario, Dept Chem, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Res Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Brown, A (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Box 870324, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. OI Brown, Alex/0000-0002-5384-9222 NR 53 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUN PY 2002 VL 65 IS 6 AR 063401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.65.063401 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 572FT UT WOS:000176763600074 ER PT J AU Schmidt, MC Askew, EW Roberts, DE Prior, RL Ensign, WY Hesslink, RE AF Schmidt, MC Askew, EW Roberts, DE Prior, RL Ensign, WY Hesslink, RE TI Oxidative stress in humans training in a cold, moderate altitude environment and their response to a phytochemical antioxidant supplement SO WILDERNESS & ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE oxidative stress; altitude; antioxidants; phytochemicals; exercise; vitamin E; beta-carotene; ascorbic acid; 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine; pentane; malondialdehyde; oxygen radical absorption capacity; ferric-reducing ability of plasma; lipid hydroperoxides ID LIPID-PEROXIDATION; VITAMIN-C; DNA-DAMAGE; EXERCISE; CAROTENOIDS; ASSAY; URINE; 8-HYDROXY-2'-DEOXYGUANOSINE; BIOMARKER; CAPACITY AB Objective.-This study examined the effectiveness of an antioxidant mixture containing vitamin E, P-carotene, ascorbic acid, selenium, a-lipoic acid, N-acetyl 1-cysteine, catechin, lutein, and lycopene to reduce oxidative stress in US Marines undergoing 24 days of cold-weather field training at a moderate altitude. Methods.-Forty physically active male volunteers (ages 18-40) were randomly assigned to a treatment (antioxidant) group (n = 21) or a control (placebo) group (n = 19). Breath pentane (BP), serum lipid hydroperoxides (LPO), urine malondialdehyde (MDA), urine 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), and serum and urine oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) were measured as indicators of oxidative stress and antioxidant status. Urine was sampled at days 0, 12, and 24. Serum and breath were sampled on days 0 and 24. Results.-Both groups exhibited increased levels of oxidative stress after 24 days of field training, as indicated by an increased LPO, pentane, and 8-OHdG. There was no significant difference between the treatment and placebo groups at day 24; however, there was some indication that test subjects with initially low antioxidant capacity (ORAC) may have benefited from the antioxidant supplement. Conclusions.-An increased level of oxidative stress was associated with high levels of physical exertion of training in a cold environment at moderate altitude. The antioxidant mixture tested did not attenuate the mean oxidative stress levels in the entire group of test subjects, but it may have reduced the oxidative stress of some individuals with low initial antioxidant status. C1 Univ Utah, Div Foods & Nutr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Nat Alternat Int, San Marino, CA USA. USDA ARS, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. RP Askew, EW (reprint author), Univ Utah, Div Foods & Nutr, 250 S 1850 East,HPR N-239, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. NR 59 TC 45 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILDERNESS MEDICAL SOC PI COLORADO SPRINGS PA 3595 E FOUNTAIN BLVD, STE A1, COLORADO SPRINGS, CO 80910 USA SN 1080-6032 J9 WILD ENVIRON MED JI Wildern. Environ. Med. PD SUM PY 2002 VL 13 IS 2 BP 94 EP 105 DI 10.1580/1080-6032(2002)013[0094:OSIHTI]2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences GA 566YV UT WOS:000176456600002 PM 12092978 ER PT J AU Sato, PA Reed, RJ Smith, TC Wang, L AF Sato, PA Reed, RJ Smith, TC Wang, L TI Monitoring anthrax vaccine safety in US military service members on active duty: surveillance of 1998 hospitalizations in temporal association with anthrax immunization SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Illnesses Among Gulf War Veterans: A Decade of Scientific Research CY JAN 24-26, 2001 CL ALEXAMDRIA, VIRGINIA DE anthrax; vaccine; surveillance postmarketing ID UNITED-STATES; HEALTH AB We compared 1998 hospitalizations in active-duty US military personnel for possible temporal association with anthrax immunization. Immunization, demographic, and hospitalization data were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards modeling for hospitalization within 42 days of vaccination. Discharge diagnoses were aggregated into 14 International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) categories. Approximately 11% of subjects received one or more doses of vaccine during 1998; those immunized were more likely to be younger and male. Lower hospitalization rates were observed across doses and diagnostic categories among the immunized. Adjusted risk ratios for hospitalization by diagnostic category suggest that immunized service members were at equal or lesser risk for hospitalization than the non-immunized. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Dept Def Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Reed, RJ (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Dept Def Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 9 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 22 PY 2002 VL 20 IS 17-18 BP 2369 EP 2374 AR PII S0264-410X(02)00092-0 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(02)00092-0 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 560QK UT WOS:000176092600027 PM 12009293 ER PT J AU Smith, TC Heller, JM Hooper, TI Gackstetter, GD Gray, GC AF Smith, TC Heller, JM Hooper, TI Gackstetter, GD Gray, GC TI Are Gulf War veterans experiencing illness due to exposure to smoke from Kuwaiti oil well fires? Examination of Department of Defense hospitalization data SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE environmental exposure; hospitalization; inhalation exposure; morbidity; Persian Gulf syndrome; petroleum; smoke; veterans ID POPULATION-BASED SURVEY; SELF-REPORTED SYMPTOMS; BIRTH-DEFECTS; US VETERANS; HEALTH; SERVICE; OPERATIONS; MORTALITY; CHILDREN; STRESS AB There has been much concern among the public and veterans that specific environmental exposures incurred during the Gulf War were the cause of subsequent illness among Gulf War veterans. In this historical cohort study, the authors compared the postwar morbidity of US military personnel exposed to smoke from the 1991 Kuwaiti oil well fires with that of unexposed personnel. Complete exposure and demographic data were available for 405,142 active-duty Gulf War veterans who did not remain in the region after the war. The authors used data from all Department of Defense hospitals for the period August 1, 1991-July 31, 1999 to estimate rates of hospitalization due to any cause, hospitalization due to a diagnosis in one of 15 major categories, and hospitalization due to one of nine diagnoses likely to be manifestations of smoke exposure. Exposures to particulate matter from oil-well-fire smoke were based on the integration of meteorologic data, diffusion modeling, and troop location data. The authors constructed seven exposure groups combining duration and amount of exposure. In Cox modeling, three of the 25 models showed an increased adjusted risk of hospitalization. However, there was no evidence of a dose-response relation. Despite some limitations, these data do not support the hypothesis that Gulf War veterans have an increased risk of postwar morbidity from exposure to Kuwaiti oil-well-fire smoke. C1 US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. US Army Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Deployment Enviornm Surveillance Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Smith, TC (reprint author), US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 54 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD MAY 15 PY 2002 VL 155 IS 10 BP 908 EP 917 DI 10.1093/aje/155.10.908 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 552PM UT WOS:000175628800005 PM 11994230 ER PT J AU Klette, KL Horn, CK Stout, PR Anderson, CJ AF Klette, KL Horn, CK Stout, PR Anderson, CJ TI LC-MS analysis of human urine specimens for 2-oxo-3-hydroxy LSD: Method validation for potential interferants, and stability study of 2-oxo-3-hydroxy LSD under various storage conditions SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LYSERGIC-ACID DIETHYLAMIDE; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; O-H-LSD; MAJOR METABOLITE C1 USN, Drug Screening Lab, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. USN, Drug Screening Lab, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Klette, KL (reprint author), USN, Drug Screening Lab, Naval Air Stn, POB 113,Bldg H-2033, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2002 VL 26 IS 4 BP 193 EP 200 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 557DE UT WOS:000175891500002 PM 12054358 ER PT J AU Kimmel, EC Reboulet, JE Courson, DL Still, KR AF Kimmel, EC Reboulet, JE Courson, DL Still, KR TI Airway reactivity response to aged carbon-graphite/epoxy composite material smoke SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon-graphite/epoxy composite material; smoke; airway reactivity ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT CHEMICALS; VENTILATORY RESPONSE; RESPIRATORY ALLERGY; GUINEA-PIGS; EXPOSURE; MODEL; HYPERRESPONSIVENESS; PLETHYSMOGRAPHY; MECHANICS; PATTERN AB Exposure of naive guinea pigs for a total of 30 min to aged smoke from pyrolysis of 5, 10 and 100 g of carbon-graphite/epoxy-advanced composite material (cgeCM) elicited changes in the ventilation and breathing pattern reminiscent of an acute, asthmatic episode. The severity of these responses was dose related. Although breathing pattern changes were not definitive of stimulation by a single type of respiratory irritant, non-dimensional indices derived from breath structure appeared to be characteristic of bronchoconstriction possibly complicated by CO2-stimulated ventilation. The highest exposure concentration also elicited convulsions in the animals, which may or may not be related to the airway reactivity (AR) response. Upon treatment with fresh air, breathing returned to normal. However, this recovery was transient with some respiratory parameters returning to abnormal levels, possibly indicating a rebound or delayed component of the response. Filtration of particulate material from the smoke moderated but did not eliminate the AR response. Animals exposed to diluted smoke from the pyrolysis of 2 g of cgeCM showed no remarkable changes in breathing or ventilation, suggesting that there may be a threshold for aged cgeCM smoke-elicited AR response. Published in 2002 by John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 NHRC, TD, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Kimmel, EC (reprint author), NHRC, TD, Bldg 433,2612 5th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2002 VL 22 IS 3 BP 193 EP 206 DI 10.1002/jat.849 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 557JB UT WOS:000175904500009 PM 12015800 ER PT J AU Nee, SM Nee, TW AF Nee, SM Nee, TW TI Principal Mueller matrix of reflection and scattering measured for a one-dimensional rough surface SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE polarization; scattering; reflection; rough surface; depolarization; ellipsometry; Mueller matrix ID NEAR-SPECULAR SCATTERING; NULL ELLIPSOMETRY; LIGHT-SCATTERING; STOKES MATRIX; DEPOLARIZATION; POLARIZATION; ELEMENTS AB Reflectance R, ellipsometric parameters (psi, Delta), depolarizations D, and cross-polarized depolarization D-v of specular reflection, and scattering by a rough stainless steel surface are measured using a null ellipsometer. The three polarization elements (P-x, P-y, P-z) of a principal Mueller matrix are obtained from D, psi, and Delta. The measured psi and Delta of specular reflection for incident angle theta>70 deg are fit to the Fresnel equations to obtain n and k. The measured specular R(theta) is fit to Beckmann's scattering theory to obtain the root mean square (rms) roughness sigma. The fit sigma (= 392 nm) is of the same order as the stylus measured sigma (= 484 nm). The D of specular reflection is small (< 0.07). Scattering measurements are made with variable sample orientation at a detection direction 40 deg backward from the incident direction. The D-v of scattering is very small (< 0.002). The values of psi, Delta, P-x, P-z, and D-v of scattering are about constant for an off-specular angle (OSA) within +/-60 deg and can be explained by the facet model with single scattering. The measured bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) in this region can be converted to slope angle distribution with OSA=2 slope angle. The values of psi, Delta, P-x, P-z, and D-v of scattering deviate significantly and symmetrically from a constant level for \OSA\>60 deg, for which the simple facet model with single scattering does not apply. (C) 2002 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Nee, SM (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Dept Res, Code 4T4100D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 40 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 41 IS 5 BP 994 EP 1001 DI 10.1117/1.1467359 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 551VQ UT WOS:000175583500014 ER PT J AU Johnstone, PAS Polston, GR Niemtzow, RC Martin, PJ AF Johnstone, PAS Polston, GR Niemtzow, RC Martin, PJ TI Integration of acupuncture into the oncology clinic SO PALLIATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE acupuncture; alternative and complementary therapies; cancer; nausea; palliation; xerostomia ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; BREAST-CANCER; MEDICINE; PAIN AB Purpose/Objective: Patients with cancer or symptoms referable to cancer therapy were offered acupuncture as potential palliation of their symptoms. This paper describes the physical integration of the discipline into the Oncology Clinic, and patient perspectives on its availability and efficacy. Patients and methods: Between August 1999 and May 2000, 123 patients with varying symptoms received acupuncture in our Center's Radiation and Medical Oncology Clinics and Breast Health Center. These patients had 823 visits during this time period. A practice outcome analysis was performed on patients receiving therapy between 1 January 2000 and 30 April 2000. The 89 patients treated during this interval had 444 total visits. In June and July 2000, a questionnaire was administered by phone to 79 of these patients (89%). Standard allopathic care continued while patients were receiving acupuncture. Results: Major reasons for referral included pain (53%), xerostomia (32%), hot flashes (6%) and nausea/loss of appetite (6%). Patients had a mean of five acupuncture visits (range 1-9). Most patients (60%) showed at least 30% improvement in their symptoms. About one-third of patients had no change in severity of symptoms. There were no untoward effects reported related to the acupuncture, When analysed by diagnosis, these values persist. Irrespective of response to therapy, 86% of respondents considered it 'very important' that we continue to provide acupuncture services. Conclusion: Acupuncture may contribute to control of symptoms for cancer patients. Expansion of providers, continued patient follow-up, optimization of techniques and prospective objective measurement of response continue in our clinic. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Div Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Anesthesiol, San Diego, CA USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Radiat Oncol Serv, San Diego, CA USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Head & Neck Surg Serv, San Diego, CA USA. RP Johnstone, PAS (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Radiat Oncol, Suite 14,34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM pajohnstone@nmcsd.med.navy.mil NR 17 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 6 PU ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC PI LONDON PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON NW1 3BH, ENGLAND SN 0269-2163 J9 PALLIATIVE MED JI Palliat. Med. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 16 IS 3 BP 235 EP 239 DI 10.1191/0269216302pm540oa PG 5 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 554JL UT WOS:000175732000009 PM 12047000 ER PT J AU Levendowski, DJ Westbrook, P Berka, C Popovic, MV Ensign, WY Pineda, JA Zavora, T Lumicao, MN Zivkovic, VT AF Levendowski, DJ Westbrook, P Berka, C Popovic, MV Ensign, WY Pineda, JA Zavora, T Lumicao, MN Zivkovic, VT TI Event-related potentials during a psychomotor vigilance task in sleep apnea patients and healthy subjects SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID P300 C1 Univ Belgrade, YU-11001 Belgrade, Yugoslavia. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. NR 3 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 25 SU S MA 655 BP A462 EP A463 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 540KB UT WOS:000174927200656 ER PT J AU Mitler, M Westbrook, P Levendowski, DJ Ensign, WY Olmstead, RE Berka, C Davis, G Lumicao, MN Cventovic, M Petrovic, MM AF Mitler, M Westbrook, P Levendowski, DJ Ensign, WY Olmstead, RE Berka, C Davis, G Lumicao, MN Cventovic, M Petrovic, MM TI Validation of automated EEG quantification of alertness: Methods for early identification of individuals most susceptible to sleep deprivation SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific Sleep Med Serv, La Jolla, CA USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles CA Healthcare Sys, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 3 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 25 SU S MA 196 BP A147 EP A148 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 540KB UT WOS:000174927200198 ER PT J AU Jederberg, WW Still, KR Briggs, GB AF Jederberg, WW Still, KR Briggs, GB TI The utilization of risk assessments in tactical command decisions SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Issues and Applications in Toxicology and Risk Assessment CY APR 23-26, 2001 CL FAIRBORN, OHIO SP USAF, Toxicol, USA, Toxicol, USN, Toxicol, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, US EPA, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Food & Drug Adm, Div Toxicol, ATSDR, Natl Res Counil & Natl Acad Sci DE chemical biological radiological nuclear explosive (CBRNE); environmental risk assessment (ERA); human health risk assessment (HHRA); operational risk management (ORM); risk assessment; risk communications; toxic industrial material (TIM); toxic industrial chemical (TIC); weapons of mass destruction (WMD) AB Traditional risk assessments (as delineated by regulatory agencies) use health outcome endpoints of interest to society as a whole, and are based on broad assumptions about the demographics of the potentially exposed populations and the routes of exposure. Immediacy of impact is not normally a major consideration. In tactical situations, the commander must balance considerations of short-term health effects against mission accomplishment. Often the commander will decide to accept a risk that would not be considered under other circumstances. The traditional tools of human-health and environmental risk assessment may be used, but the risk levels and projected consequences must be adapted to the tactical scenario (i.e. the performance decrement associated with a short-term exposure tactical operation vs. the long-term health out-come for an exposed population under 'normal conditions'). Risk assessors and health Professionals must learn to articulate risk in terms that the tactical commander can place in his operational risk management (ORM) process. The process may require that the commander weigh non-health related mission critical considerations against health outcome issues. This presentation is intended to begin a dialogue that will lead to a harmonization of the use of risk assessment tools and their application in ORM as seen by tactical commanders, and a clarification of the strengths and limits of their utility in such applications. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 NHRC TD, Naval Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. OPNAV, Washington, DC USA. Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Still, KR (reprint author), NHRC TD, Naval Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Bldg 433 2612 5th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD APR 8 PY 2002 VL 288 IS 1-2 BP 119 EP 129 AR PII S0048-9697(01)01118-4 DI 10.1016/S0048-9697(01)01118-4 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 544BJ UT WOS:000175138100012 PM 12013539 ER PT J AU Jin, J Ligon, SC Patil, AV Smith, DW Fallis, S Irvin, JA DesMarteau, DD AF Jin, J Ligon, SC Patil, AV Smith, DW Fallis, S Irvin, JA DesMarteau, DD TI Toward crown ether containing semifluorinated polyarylene amides for lithium battery membranes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USN, Air Warefare Ctr Weapons Div, Chem & Mat Div, Washington, DC 20350 USA. RI Jin, Jianyong/G-8274-2012; Irvin, Jennifer/C-7968-2013 OI Irvin, Jennifer/0000-0003-3500-8419 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 7 PY 2002 VL 223 MA 110-POLY BP C117 EP C117 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 564CE UT WOS:000176296802076 ER PT J AU Irvin, JA Fallis, S Stasko, D Guenthner, AJ Davis, KR Kline, D Paiz, AL AF Irvin, JA Fallis, S Stasko, D Guenthner, AJ Davis, KR Kline, D Paiz, AL TI Conducting polymers as static dissipating binders for energetic materials. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Mat Engn Branch, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Prod Qual Lab, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RI Irvin, Jennifer/C-7968-2013 OI Irvin, Jennifer/0000-0003-3500-8419 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 7 PY 2002 VL 223 MA 007-PMSE BP D58 EP D58 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 564CE UT WOS:000176296802434 ER PT J AU Davis, MC Chapman, RD Johnson, R AF Davis, MC Chapman, RD Johnson, R TI New preparation of geminal-bis(difluoramino)alkanes: Direct fluorination of geminal-bisamides. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 7 PY 2002 VL 223 MA 013-FLUO BP U557 EP U557 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 564CD UT WOS:000176296703059 ER PT J AU Ng, SJ Boswell, R Claus, SJ Arnold, F AF Ng, SJ Boswell, R Claus, SJ Arnold, F TI Degree of cure, heat of reaction and viscosity of 8552 and 977-3 HM epoxy resins SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB The heat of reaction for the cure, degree of cure, and viscosity of Hexcel 8552, and Cytec Fiberite 977-3 HM neat resins were measured using a modulated differential scanning calorimeter (MDSC) and a rheometric digital analyzer (RDA). Expressions were developed using isothermal tests for correlating the rate of degree of cure and the viscosity with the degree of cure using a Lee, Loos, and Springer approach. The models were used to predict the kinetic behavior of the resins using the respective manufacturer cure cycle. Data were collected and a good correlation was found with the model. In addition, the kinetic behaviors of these systems were compared to Hercules 3501-6 data. A second study was also performed to compare cure models developed based on neat and prepreg forms of the resin viscosity data. Vastly different viscosity behaviors were found indicating further physical insights are necessary to account for fiber/resin content and material properties difference. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Patuxent River, MD USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Ng, SJ (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Patuxent River, MD USA. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAMPE PUBLISHERS PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DRIVE, COVINA, CA 91722 USA SN 1070-9789 J9 J ADV MATER-COVINA JI J. Adv. Mater. PD APR PY 2002 VL 34 IS 2 BP 33 EP 37 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 533EE UT WOS:000174515800007 ER PT J AU Stander, VA Olson, CB Merrill, LL AF Stander, VA Olson, CB Merrill, LL TI Self-definition as a survivor of childhood sexual abuse among navy recruits SO JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN; IMPACT; ETHNICITY; SYMPTOMS; RACE AB This study explored how specific childhood sexual experiences (CSEs) might be related to self-identification as a victim of sexual abuse and to gender differences in self-defined victimization. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship of demographic and CSE characteristics with self-definitions. The characteristics most strongly associated were threats-force, incest, and younger age at the time of the experience. Men were less likely than were women to acknowledge abuse and to report CSE characteristics indicative of abuse. Women were more likely to identify themselves as victims the more CSEs they reported involving sexual penetration. Finally, in an analysis of familial abuse, men were more likely to define themselves as victims if the perpetrator was also male. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Stander, VA (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 23 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0022-006X J9 J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH JI J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 70 IS 2 BP 369 EP 377 DI 10.1037//0022-006X.70.2.369 PG 9 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 538FT UT WOS:000174805100011 PM 11952195 ER PT J AU Neill, JW Miller, FR Brown, DD AF Neill, JW Miller, FR Brown, DD TI Maximin clusters for non-replicated multiresponse lack of fit tests SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PLANNING AND INFERENCE LA English DT Article DE linear multiresponse model; regression; lack of fit; union-intersection principle; nonreplication; between-cluster; within-cluster; maximin power; minimal covers ID REGRESSION LACK; DESIGN; MODELS; POWER AB Khuri (Technometrics 27 (1985) 213) and Levy and Neill (Comm. Statist. A 19 (1990) 1987) presented regression lack of fit tests for multiresponse data with replicated observations available at points in the experimental region, thereby extending the classical univariate lack of fit test given by Fisher (J. Roy. Statist. Soc. 85 (1922) 597). In this paper, multivariate tests for lack of fit in a linear multiresponse model are derived for the common circumstance in which replicated observations are not obtained. The tests are based on the union-intersection principle, and provide multiresponse extensions of the univariate tests for between- and within-cluster lack of fit introduced by Christensen (Ann. of Statist. 17 (1989) 673; J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 86 (1991) 752). Since the proper-ties of these tests depend on the choice of multivariate clusters of the observations, a multiresponse generalization of the maximin power clustering criterion given by Miller, Neill and Sherfey (Ann. of Statist. 26 (1998) 1411; J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 94 (1999) 610) is also developed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Kansas State Univ, Dept Stat, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Math, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3758 J9 J STAT PLAN INFER JI J. Stat. Plan. Infer. PD APR 1 PY 2002 VL 102 IS 2 BP 359 EP 375 AR PII S0378-3758(01)00102-1 DI 10.1016/S0378-3758(01)00102-1 PG 17 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 542AH UT WOS:000175020100012 ER PT J AU Moss, RB Giermakowska, WK Maigetter, RZ Zanetti, M Carlo, DJ Brandt, CJ Wallace, MR AF Moss, RB Giermakowska, WK Maigetter, RZ Zanetti, M Carlo, DJ Brandt, CJ Wallace, MR TI IFN-gamma ELISPOT responses to HIV proteins and HIV peptide antigens correlate and represent CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Immune Response Corp, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 22 PY 2002 VL 16 IS 5 BP A1057 EP A1057 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 534PC UT WOS:000174593901829 ER PT J AU Narducci, FA Ye, ZX Ling, HY AF Narducci, FA Ye, ZX Ling, HY TI Laser cooling in a Fabry-Perot resonator SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on the Physics of Quantum Electronics CY JAN 08-11, 2001 CL SNOWBIRD, UTAH ID INHIBITED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; SINGLE ATOMS; OPTICAL CAVITY; MOTION AB We develop a first-principles description of the mechanical effects of light on a single two-level atom in a Fabry-Perot interferometer. Our analysis is based on the plane-wave and semiclassical approximations, but within this context it yields general equations that include propagation effects and allow arbitrary parameters of the resonator. We then focus on the conditions under which the uniform field limit holds and derive an explicit expression for the cavity-induced force on the atom in the low saturation limit. We also provide a physical explanation of the role played by the resonator in slowing down or accelerating the atoms. C1 Naval Air Warfare Ctr, EO Sensors Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Rowan Univ, Dept Chem & Phys, Glassboro, NJ 08028 USA. RP Narducci, FA (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, EO Sensors Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK,, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0340 J9 J MOD OPTIC JI J. Mod. Opt. PD MAR 10 PY 2002 VL 49 IS 3-4 BP 687 EP 704 DI 10.1080/09500340110111121 PG 18 WC Optics SC Optics GA 524KQ UT WOS:000174012700031 ER PT J AU Ruha, AM Tanen, DA Graeme, KA Curry, SC Miller, MB Gerkin, R Reagan, CG Brandon, TA AF Ruha, AM Tanen, DA Graeme, KA Curry, SC Miller, MB Gerkin, R Reagan, CG Brandon, TA TI Hypertonic sodium bicarbonate for Taxus media-induced cardiac toxicity in swine SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE taxus; yew; sodium channel blockade; sodium bicarbonate; antidote ID CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICITY; CANINE MODEL; YEW; INTOXICATION; FRAGMENTS; BACCATA; HEART AB Objective: To determine whether intravenous (IV) hypertonic sodium bicarbonate is effective in the reversal of QRS widening associated with severe Taxus intoxication. Methods: Seventeen anesthetized and instrumented swine were poisoned with an IV extract of Taxus media until doubling of the QRS interval on electrocardiography was achieved. After poisoning (time zero), the animals received either 4 mL/kg IV 8.4% sodium bicarbonate (experimental group; 6 animals), a similar volume of 0.7% NaCl in 10% mannitol (mannitol group; 6 animals), or nothing (control group; 5 animals). The main outcome parameter was QRS duration. Secondary outcome parameters were mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and cardiac index (CI = cardiac output/kg). Additionally, arterial pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)), and plasma-ionized calcium, sodium, and potassium were monitored. Results: Taxus toxicity, defined as a 100% increase in QRS duration, was produced in all animals. The animals were similar in regard to baseline and time 0 physiologic parameters as well as amount of Taxus media extract administered. From times 5 through 30 minutes, following assigned treatment, significant increases in QRS duration were detected in the experimental and mannitol groups compared with the control group. A significant lowering of MAP was found in the experimental group compared with the control group. No significant difference between groups was noted in HR or CI. The swine treated with hypertonic sodium bicarbonate had a statistically significant increase in pH, plasma sodium concentration, and base excess compared with the other groups. Conclusions: Hypertonic sodium bicarbonate was ineffective in reversing the widening of QRS interval associated with Taxus poisoning in this swine model. C1 Good Samaritan Reg Med Ctr, Dept Med Toxicol, Phoenix, AZ 85006 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Phoenix, AZ USA. Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Dept Clin Med, Phoenix, AZ USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Lansing, MI USA. Banner Res Inst, Phoenix, AZ USA. Arizona State Univ, Anim Care Ctr, Tempe, AZ USA. RP Ruha, AM (reprint author), Good Samaritan Reg Med Ctr, Dept Med Toxicol, 925 E McDowell Rd,2nd Fl, Phoenix, AZ 85006 USA. EM michelle.ruha@bannerhealth.com NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD MAR PY 2002 VL 9 IS 3 BP 179 EP 185 PG 7 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 527PP UT WOS:000174195100001 PM 11874772 ER PT J AU Ryan, MAK Gray, GC Smith, B McKeehan, JA Hawksworth, AW Malasig, MD AF Ryan, MAK Gray, GC Smith, B McKeehan, JA Hawksworth, AW Malasig, MD TI Large epidemic of respiratory illness due to adenovirus types 7 and 3 in healthy young adults SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID US-ARMY TRAINEES; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENOME TYPES; MILITARY TRAINEES; LIVE TYPE-7; DISEASE; INFECTION; CHILDREN; PNEUMONIA; OUTBREAK AB After 25 years of successful control through immunization, respiratory infections due to adenoviruses have reemerged to threaten the health of young adults in the military. Shortly after the loss of adenovirus vaccine supplies, a large outbreak of respiratory illness was observed at the United States Navy's sole basic training center. Laboratory testing confirmed 541 cases of adenovirus infection, including 378 cases due to serotype 7 and 132 cases due to serotype 3. This outbreak was remarkable because of its unique serotype distribution and the large amount of data available to describe demographic factors associated with infection. This was the largest outbreak of respiratory illness due to adenovirus types 7 and 3 documented in recent history, and it portends even greater challenges for young adults in the military in the postvaccine era. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Ryan, MAK (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 73 TC 73 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2002 VL 34 IS 5 BP 577 EP 582 DI 10.1086/338471 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 518PT UT WOS:000173677600003 PM 11803503 ER PT J AU Erdman, DD Xu, WH Gerber, SI Gray, GC Schnurr, D Kajon, AE Anderson, LJ AF Erdman, DD Xu, WH Gerber, SI Gray, GC Schnurr, D Kajon, AE Anderson, LJ TI Molecular epidemiology of adenovirus type 7 in the United States, 1966-2000 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases CY JUL 16-19, 2000 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP Ctr Dis Control & Prevent ID LOWER RESPIRATORY-INFECTIONS; US-ARMY TRAINEES; GENOME TYPES; SOUTH-AMERICA; CHILDREN; PNEUMONIA; DISEASE; SEROTYPE-7; PREVALENCE; ANTIBODIES AB Genetic variation among 166 isolates of human adenovirus 7 (Ad7) obtained from 1966 to 2000 from the United States and Eastern Ontario, Canada, was determined by genome restriction analysis. Most (65%) isolates were identified as Ad7b. Two genome types previously undocumented in North America were also identified: Ad7d2 (28%), which first appeared in 1993 and was later identified throughout the Midwest and Northeast of the United States and in Canada; and Ad7h (2%), which was identified only in the U.S. Southwest in 1998 and 2000. Since 1996, Ad7d2 has been responsible for several civilian outbreaks of Ad7 disease and was the primary cause of a large outbreak of respiratory illness at a military recruit training center. The appearance of Ad7d2 and Ad7h in North America represents recent introduction of these viruses from previously geographically restricted areas and may herald a shift in predominant genome type circulating in the United States. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Chicago Dept Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Berkeley, CA USA. Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Erdman, DD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 52 TC 79 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2002 VL 8 IS 3 BP 269 EP 277 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 531UC UT WOS:000174434800007 PM 11927024 ER PT J AU Kimmel, EC Whitehead, GS Reboulet, JE Carpenter, RL AF Kimmel, EC Whitehead, GS Reboulet, JE Carpenter, RL TI Carbon dioxide accumulation during small animal, whole body plethysmography: Effects on ventilation, indices of airway function, and aerosol deposition SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL MEDICINE-DEPOSITION CLEARANCE AND EFFECTS IN THE LUNG LA English DT Article DE aerosol deposition; airway function; carbon dioxide; ventilation ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT CHEMICALS; AWAKE GUINEA-PIGS; NONINVASIVE TECHNIQUE; RESPIRATORY ALLERGY; BREATHING PATTERN; MURINE MODEL; HYPERRESPONSIVENESS; MICE; HYPERSENSITIVITY; SENSITIZATION AB Barometric (whole body) plethysmography is used to examine changes in ventilation and breathing pattern in unrestrained animals during exposure to therapeutic or toxic aerosols. Whole body plethysmographs (WBP) may be operated with a bias flow in order to maintain an adequate supply of oxygen and remove expired CO2. However, some aerosol generation and delivery methods may require operation of the WBP without bias flow, which would artificially deplete aerosol concentration. Under these conditions, expired CO2 accumulates in the plethysmograph and stimulates ventilation, increasing total aerosol deposition, shifting regional deposition, and significantly altering some airway function indices. We characterized these effects in guinea pigs using a commercially available 4.5-L WBP, with and without a 1 L/min bias flow. CO2-induced changes in breathing frequency (f), tidal volume (Vt), minute ventilation (Ve), and indices of airway function-including enhanced pause (penh), flow derived parameter (FDP), and respiratory duty cycle-were measured. Without bias flow, CO2 in the plethysmograph increased steadily to 5.4% after 30 min compared to a steady state 0.9% with bias flow. This resulted in a moderate suppression of f, and significant increases in Vt and Ve by factors of 1.5 and 1.4, respectively. Changes in regional deposition were stimulated for 300 mg/m(3) polydisperse aerosols with mass median aerodynamic diameters of 0.3, 1, 3, or 7 mum and geometric standard deviations of 1.7. Percent increase in aerosol deposition from CO2 inhalation ranged from 24% to 90%, by mass, depending on aerosol size distribution and respiratory tract region. In addition, fractional deposition shifted toward the pulmonary region. Empirical indices of airway constriction, penh and FDP, also were increased significantly to 1.7 and 1.3 times their respective baseline values. The study quantifies the effect of inadvertent coexposure to CO2 on ventilation, aerosol deposition, and airway function in WBP evaluation of aerosol effects in airway function. C1 NHRC TD, Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Kimmel, EC (reprint author), NHRC TD, Geocenters Inc, Bldg 433,Room 102,2612 5th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 63 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0894-2684 J9 J AEROSOL MED JI J. Aerosol Med.-Depos. Clear. Eff. Lung PD SPR PY 2002 VL 15 IS 1 BP 37 EP 49 DI 10.1089/08942680252908566 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Respiratory System SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Respiratory System GA 541RV UT WOS:000174998700005 PM 12006144 ER PT J AU Jacobs, JR Banthia, R Sadler, GR Varni, JW Malcarne, VL Greenbergs, HL Schmidt, J Johnstone, PAS AF Jacobs, JR Banthia, R Sadler, GR Varni, JW Malcarne, VL Greenbergs, HL Schmidt, J Johnstone, PAS TI Problems associated with prostate cancer: Differences of opinion among health care providers, patients, and spouses SO JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Cancer-Education CY OCT, 1999 CL CLEVELAND, OHIO SP Amer Assoc Canc Educ ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE AB Background. Problems accompany any experience with cancer. Methods. Patients, spouses, and providers were asked to identify their perceptions of the problems associated with recently diagnosed prostate cancer. Their answers were compared across respondent categories (physician, nurse, patient, and spouse) and cross-informant variance was analyzed. Results. Significant variation in responses was noted by respondent categories in spite of the relatively small sample. Conclusion. The response variance may contribute to communication problems among patients, spouses, and providers, as well as missed opportunities for medically appropriate referrals to psychological treatment and community support resources. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Canc Ctr 0658, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Div Urol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. San Diego State Univ, Dept Psychol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. RP Sadler, GR (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Canc Ctr 0658, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM gsadler@ucsd.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [R25 CA65745] NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 0885-8195 J9 J CANCER EDUC JI J. Cancer Educ. PD SPR PY 2002 VL 17 IS 1 BP 33 EP 36 PG 4 WC Oncology; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 542NN UT WOS:000175050300010 PM 12000104 ER PT J AU Szulgit, G Rudolph, R Wandel, A Tenenhaus, M Panos, R Gardner, H AF Szulgit, G Rudolph, R Wandel, A Tenenhaus, M Panos, R Gardner, H TI Alterations in fibroblast alpha 1 beta 1 integrin collagen receptor expression in keloids and hypertrophic scars SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE VLA1; skin; myofibroblast ID CELL-ADHESION RECEPTORS; GENE-EXPRESSION; ALPHA(2)BETA(1) INTEGRIN; 3-DIMENSIONAL COLLAGEN; MURINE DEVELOPMENT; CONNECTIVE-TISSUE; BINDING INTEGRINS; MESSENGER-RNA; SKIN; SCLERODERMA AB Keloids and hypertrophic scars are significant symptomatic clinical problems characterized by excess collagen. Although extensive research has focused on fibroblasts and collagen turnover in these aberrant scars, little work has been done on the expression of integrins (cell membrane structures that link cells to extracellular matrix) within these lesions. Integrin-mediated regulation of collagen synthesis has previously been observed in explanted fibroblasts from normal and fibrotic dermis, and integrin alpha1 knockout mice maintain increased collagen synthesis consistent with a role for alpha1beta1 in providing negative feedback on collagen synthesis. These findings suggested the need to evaluate integrin roles in keloids and hypertrophic scars. In this study we examined integrin expression in keloids (n = 11), hypertrophic scars (n = 5), radiation ulcers (n = 2), and normal skin specimens (n = 8). We used a novel approach to analysis by isolating dermal fibroblasts directly from tissue (without explant culture) and determining surface integrin expression by flow cytometry. We found that keloids and hypertrophic scars have marked alterations in fibroblast integrin expression and contain several distinct populations of fibroblasts. One of these populations expresses high levels of alpha1 integrin, and the proportion of these cells is higher in keloids (63% +/- 3.6% SEM) and hypertrophic scars (45% +/- 2.7% SEM) than in normal skin tissues (28% +/- 4.7% SEM). The different populations of fibroblasts defined by integrin expression merge, however, when the cells are serially cultured, suggesting that there may be aspects of the dermal microenvironment that maintain the integrin phenotypic heterogeneity in dermal fibroblasts. C1 Biogen Inc, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. Hiram Coll, Dept Biol, Hiram, OH USA. Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA USA. Scripps Clin, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Plast Surg, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Med Ctr, Div Plast Surg, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Gardner, H (reprint author), Biogen Inc, 12 Cambridge Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. EM Humphrey_Gardner@biogen.com FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR44514] NR 34 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD MAR PY 2002 VL 118 IS 3 BP 409 EP 415 DI 10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01680.x PG 7 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 532HM UT WOS:000174468300004 PM 11874478 ER PT J AU Rumerman, ML AF Rumerman, ML TI Estimation of broadband acoustic power radiated from a turbulent boundary layer-driven reinforced finite plate section due to rib and boundary forces SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB Previous papers considered an infinite fluid-loaded plate with parallel line attachments, driven by a wave-number-white pressure excitation invariant in the direction of an attachment, and established the conditions and procedure for estimating the broadband radiated power by assuming the ribs to radiate independently. This paper applies those results to a finite rectangular ribbed plate, and extends the methodology to include the contribution of the plate's boundary support forces to the radiation and the consideration of excitation that varies in the direction parallel to the ribs. The approach is relevant to problems of sound radiation by underwater stiffened steel plates driven by turbulent boundary layer (TBL) pressures, and is also applicable to stiffened Circular cylindrical shells when the response is dominated by bending. Comparisons of sample calculations with results of rigorous models validate the approximation. (C) 2002 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Signatures Directorate, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Rumerman, ML (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Signatures Directorate, Code 7204,9500 MacArthur Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2002 VL 111 IS 3 BP 1274 EP 1279 DI 10.1121/1.1446049 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 531HN UT WOS:000174410100014 PM 11931304 ER PT J AU Kane, CJ Tarman, GJ Summerton, DJ Buchmann, CE Ward, JF O'Reilly, KJ Ruiz, H Thrasher, JB Zorn, B Smith, C Morey, AF AF Kane, CJ Tarman, GJ Summerton, DJ Buchmann, CE Ward, JF O'Reilly, KJ Ruiz, H Thrasher, JB Zorn, B Smith, C Morey, AF TI Multi-institutional experience with buccal mucosa onlay urethroplasty for bulbar urethral reconstruction SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE urethra, obstruction; urethral, mucus membrane; urethral stricture; transplants ID ASSOCIATION SYMPTOM INDEX; ANTERIOR URETHROPLASTY; GRAFT; STRICTURES; SKIN AB Purpose: Buccal mucosa has been advocated as an ideal graft material for urethral reconstruction. We report our multicenter experience with buccal mucosa ventral onlay urethroplasty for complex bulbar urethral reconstruction in adults. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients who had undergone buccal onlay urethroplasty at 4 military medical treatment facilities participating in the Uniformed Services Urology Research Group was performed. The database generated included demographic data, genitourinary history, preoperative symptoms (American Urological Association symptom score), preoperative urinary flow rate, stricture length and operative statistics. Postoperative followup data included symptom score, flow rate, retrograde urethrogram results, and complications. Results: A total of 53 patients (average age 32 years, range 17 to 64) underwent buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty between January, 1996 and March, 1998 for refractory strictures. Sixteen patients had undergone an average of 2.2 prior endoscopic procedures (range 1 to 7). Average stricture length was 3.6 plus or minus standard deviation 1.8 cm. (range 2 to 7.5) as measured on preoperative retrograde urethrogram. Followup averaged 25 months (range 11 to 40 months). Average symptom scores decreased from 21.2 (range 14 to 33) preoperatively to 5.4 (range 3 to 8) postoperatively (p <0.001). Average peak urinary flow rates increased from 7.9 preoperatively to 30.1 ml. per second postoperatively (p <0.001). Postoperative retrograde urethrograms were available for 34 patients and were normal in 24. The overall complication rate was 5.4%. Three patients required endoscopic incisions. One patient has a recurrent narrowing and treatment is considered a failure. There were 4 sacculations (7.5%) and 6 narrowings, 3 of which required further treatment. Of the patients 50 required no additional procedures (94.3%). Conclusions: Buccal mucosa grafts used as a ventral onlay for bulbar urethral reconstruction yield reproducibly excellent results with minimal morbidity and low complication rates. Longer followup will be required to confirm the durability of our results. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, San Diego, CA USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Dept Surg, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kane, CJ (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. NR 22 TC 87 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAR PY 2002 VL 167 IS 3 BP 1314 EP 1317 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65289-5 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 519YK UT WOS:000173752900023 PM 11832721 ER PT J AU Booth-Kewley, S Shaffer, RA Minagawa, RY Brodine, SK AF Booth-Kewley, S Shaffer, RA Minagawa, RY Brodine, SK TI Effectiveness of two versions of a sexually transmitted diseases/human immunodeficiency virus prevention program SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RISK REDUCTION INTERVENTIONS; AIDS-PREVENTION; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; HIV-INFECTION; BISEXUAL MEN; ADOLESCENTS; WOMEN; MODERATION AB Little is known about the comparative effectiveness of human immunodeficiency virus prevention interventions that differ in duration but contain similar content. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two versions (6 hours vs. 3 hours) of a behavioral intervention called the STD/HIV Intervention Program (SHIP) in a sample of Marines. Marines were exposed to either a 6-hour or a 3-hour version of SHIP. Comparisons of pre-test and post-test knowledge, attitude, and behavioral intention scores revealed similar results for both versions. For both versions of the intervention, scores on sexually transmitted diseases/human immunodeficiency virus knowledge were significantly higher after the intervention. Both the 6-hour and the 3-hour versions of SHIP also led to significant increases on scales measuring social norms and behavioral intentions. The two versions of SHIP appeared to be of comparable effectiveness for producing short-term changes in knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Geocenters Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Booth-Kewley, S (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2002 VL 167 IS 3 BP 254 EP 259 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DP UT WOS:000181420200016 PM 11901577 ER PT J AU Park, J Chakraborty, D Jamindar, S Xia, WS Lin, MC Bedford, C AF Park, J Chakraborty, D Jamindar, S Xia, WS Lin, MC Bedford, C TI Thermal decomposition of 2,2-bis(difluoroamino) propane studied by FTIR spectrometry and quantum chemical calculations: the primary dissociation kinetics and the mechanism for decomposition of the (CH3)(2)CNF2 radical SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE thermal decomposition; 2,2-bis(difluoroamino) propane; propellants ID REACTION COORDINATE; BOND LENGTH AB The kinetics of the thermal decomposition of 2,2-bis(difluoroamino) propane (BDFP) has been studied by pyrolysis/FTIR spectrometry at temperatures between 528 and 553 K using toluene as radical scavenger. The disappearance of BDFP was found to follow the first-order kinetics with the rate constant, k(1) = 10(16.0+/-0.7) exp [ - (24200 +/- 840) / T] s(-1), which agrees closely with the expression obtained by Fokin et al. [Dokl. Akad. Nauk. 332 (1993) 7351, k(1) = 10(15.60) exp(-23600/T) s(-1). The measured large A-factor supports the earlier conclusion that the primary fragmentation process corresponds to the breaking of one of the two NF2 groups. The measured activation energy is also consistent with the predicted first C-N bond dissociation energy, 44-48 kcal/mol, by the hybrid density-functional theory and that evaluated by variational RRKM calculations fitting the observed rate constant, 47.9 kcal/mol. The 2-difluoroamino propyl radical, (CH3)(2)CNF2, was predicted to be thermally unstable, producing readily F atoms and HF molecules via the (CH3)(2)CFNF intermediate. The quantum-chemically predicted mechanisms for the fragmentation of (CH3)(2)C(NF2)(2) and (CH3)(2)CNF2 agree with the product distribution reported by Ross and coworkers [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 94 (1972) 87761. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA USA. RP Lin, MC (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Chem, 1515 Pierce Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD FEB 25 PY 2002 VL 384 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 101 EP 111 AR PII S0040-6031(01)00781-X DI 10.1016/S0040-6031(01)00781-X PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 531LC UT WOS:000174416000009 ER PT J AU Greason, KL Miller, DL Deschamps, C Allen, MS Nichols, FC Trastek, VF Pairolero, PC AF Greason, KL Miller, DL Deschamps, C Allen, MS Nichols, FC Trastek, VF Pairolero, PC TI Effects of antireflux procedures on respiratory symptoms SO ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Southern-Thoracic-Surgical-Association CY NOV 09-11, 2000 CL MARCO ISL, FLORIDA SP SO Thorac Surg Assoc ID GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE; LAPAROSCOPIC NISSEN FUNDOPLICATION; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; CHRONIC DYSPNEA; ASTHMA; THERAPY; SURGERY AB Background. Antireflux surgery can reduce respiratory symptoms associated with gastroesophageal reflux. However, there is a paucity of data on the durability of this benefit. To evaluate the long-term effects of antireflux surgery on respiratory complaints associated with gastroesophageal reflux, we reviewed our experience. Methods. Retrospective review of 2,123 antireflux procedures completed between 1986 and 1998 identified 65 patients (3.1%) with associated respiratory symptoms. There were 32 men and 33 women, ranging in age from 20 to 80 years (median 59 years). Respiratory symptoms included wheezing in 43 patients, sputum production in 37, cough in 30, choking episodes in 24, and hoarseness in 17. Preoperative medication use included steroids in 23 patients and bronchodilators in 18. Results. Antireflux operations included the uncut Collis-Nissen fundoplication in 29 patients, Belsy Mark IV repair in 13, open Nissen fundoplication in 13, and laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication in 10. Perioperative complications occurred in 19 patients who underwent open procedures and in none who had laparoscopic procedures. There was one death in the open-operation group and none in the laparoscopic group. Median follow-up was 65 months (range 1 to 174 months) and was complete in 62 patients (96.9%). Improvement in respiratory symptoms (83%) and reduction in respiratory medication use (78%) were significant as compared to a calculated 33% placebo-effect improvement (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Antireflux operations significantly reduce respiratory complaints associated with gastroesophageal reflux. This benefit appears to be long term. (C) 2002 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. C1 Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Div Gen Thorac Surg, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Cardiothorac Surg, San Diego, CA USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Div Gen Thorac Surg, Scottsdale, AZ USA. RP Miller, DL (reprint author), Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Div Gen Thorac Surg, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM miller.danielmd@mayo.edu NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0003-4975 J9 ANN THORAC SURG JI Ann. Thorac. Surg. PD FEB PY 2002 VL 73 IS 2 BP 381 EP 385 DI 10.1016/S0003-4975(01)03407-5 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA 517RW UT WOS:000173624500002 PM 11845846 ER PT J AU Borden, B AF Borden, B TI Mathematical problems in radar inverse scattering SO INVERSE PROBLEMS LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; WAVE-GUIDE CAVITIES; TIME-FREQUENCY ISAR; ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; SINGULARITY EXPANSION; TARGET IDENTIFICATION; SAR DATA; MOTION COMPENSATION; PARAMETRIC MODEL; RANGE PROFILES AB The problem of all-weather noncooperative target recognition is of considerable interest to both defense and civil aviation agencies. Furthermore, the discipline of radar inverse scattering spans a set of real-world problems whose complexity can be as simple as perfectly conducting objects in uniform, isotropic, and clutter-free environments but also includes problems that are progressively more difficult. Consequently, this topic is attractive as a practical starting point for general object characterization schemes. But traditional radar target models-upon which most current radar systems are based-are nearing the end of their usefulness. Unfortunately, most traditional research programmes have emphasized instrumentation over image and model analysis and, consequently, the discipline is unnecessarily jargon-laden and device-specific. The result is that recent contributions in advanced imaging, inverse scattering and model fitting methods have often been 'excluded' from mainstream radar efforts. This topical review is intended to serve as a survey of current and proposed schemes and an overview and discussion of roadblocks to successful implementation of some of the more popular approaches. The presentation has been constructed in a manner that (it is hoped) will appeal to those physicists and applied mathematicians who are not approaching the subject of radar imaging from a formal radar background. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr Weapons Div, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Borden, B (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr Weapons Div, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 162 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0266-5611 EI 1361-6420 J9 INVERSE PROBL JI Inverse Probl. PD FEB PY 2002 VL 18 IS 1 BP R1 EP R28 AR PII S0266-5611(02)24835-2 DI 10.1088/0266-5611/18/1/201 PG 28 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 529UC UT WOS:000174316900001 ER PT J AU Johnstone, PAS AF Johnstone, PAS TI Role of radiation therapy in the treatment of resectable rectal adenocarcinoma - Commentary SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID SURGEON-RELATED FACTORS; CANCER C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92132 USA. RP Johnstone, PAS (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92132 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0022-4790 J9 J SURG ONCOL JI J. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2002 VL 79 IS 2 BP 118 EP 118 DI 10.1002/jso.10047 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 518HT UT WOS:000173662400008 ER PT J AU Qaddoumi, N Bigelow, T Zoughi, R Brown, L Novack, M AF Qaddoumi, N Bigelow, T Zoughi, R Brown, L Novack, M TI Reduction of sensitivity to surface roughness and slight standoff distance variations in microwave testing of thick composite structures SO MATERIALS EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE microwave NDT; near field; thick composites; disbond; surface height; standoff distance ID RECTANGULAR WAVE-GUIDE; DIELECTRIC-SLABS AB Testing of thick sandwich composite structures is an important and challenging issue, Standard nondestructive testing (NDT) methods are not always capable of testing these structures for the presence of thin disbonds and delaminations. However, near field microwave NDT methods have shown great potential for this purpose. Although these methods arc very sensitive to the presence of thin disbonds and delaminations, they are also very sensitive to changes in [lie standoff distance. This change can be produced as a result of the scanning procedure, surface roughness or slowly changing undulations associated with a composite specimen, This paper presents the results of an investigation in which complex sandwich composites with authentic anomalous regions were used, as well as the development of a microwave testing system capable of automatically eliminating the adverse influence of standoff distance and surface roughness changes. Results produced at a frequency of 23.8 GHz showed many of [lie indications to be easily detected including a very thin disbond, delamination in foam core and impact damage. In addition, the versatility of this system to be successfully applied to very thick- and relatively thinner composite structures is also demonstrated. The overall approach and its subsequent results are presented in this paper. C1 Amer Univ Sharjah, Sch Engn, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates. Colorado State Univ, Appl Microwave Nondestruct Testing Lab, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Missouri, Appl Microwave Nondestruct Testing Lab, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Qaddoumi, N (reprint author), Amer Univ Sharjah, Sch Engn, POB 26666, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates. NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC NON-DESTRUCTIVE TEST PI COLUMBUS PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA SN 0025-5327 J9 MATER EVAL JI Mater. Eval. PD FEB PY 2002 VL 60 IS 2 BP 165 EP 170 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 520HP UT WOS:000173775900006 ER PT J AU Booth-Kewley, S Minagawa, RY Shaffer, RA Brodine, SK AF Booth-Kewley, S Minagawa, RY Shaffer, RA Brodine, SK TI A Behavioral intervention to prevent sexually transmitted diseases/human immunodeficiency virus in a marine corps sample SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AIDS-PREVENTION; CONDOM USE; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; HIV; ADOLESCENTS; MEN; INTENTIONS; MODERATION AB Research evaluating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) behavioral interventions among U.S. military personnel has been lacking. In this study, a behavioral intervention to prevent HIV and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) was implemented in a sample of Marine security guards. Participants were assessed before and after a three-session intervention on a measure of STDs/HIV knowledge and a number of psychosocial scales. The results indicated that STDs/HIV knowledge was significantly greater after the intervention. Significant pre-test vs. post-test differences were also found on the Social Norms, Behavioral Intentions, Attitudes toward Condoms, and Self-Efficacy/Impulse Control scales. On Social Norms and Behavioral Intentions, the differences were as expected: subjects perceived greater social norms supporting condom use and had stronger intentions to practice safe sex after the intervention than they had before. On Attitudes toward Condoms and Self-Efficacy/Impulse Control, the differences were not in the expected direction. Psychosocial factors associated with self-reported condom use were also identified. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Geocenters Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Booth-Kewley, S (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 5 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2002 VL 167 IS 2 BP 145 EP 150 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DN UT WOS:000181420100012 PM 11873538 ER PT J AU Davis, AW Mahapatra, RN AF Davis, AW Mahapatra, RN TI Oxidation behavior of Rh-xTi refractory alloys SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Article DE refractory alloys; isothermal oxidation; weight-gain measurements; optical microscopy; SEM; X-ray diffraction; EDS analysis ID SUPERALLOYS AB This paper describes the oxidation behavior of Rh-xTi (x=15 and 20 at.%) alloys between 1000 and 1300degreesC up to a period of 312 hr. The weight gain of arc-melted Rh-15Ti and Rh-20Ti alloys as a function of time was monitored during isothermal exposure in air. Results indicate that the oxidation resistance of Rh-15Ti and Rh-20Ti alloys at 1000 and 1100degreesC is similar to that of advanced nickel-base superalloys. Rh-xTi alloys also show, excellent oxidation resistance beyond the operational limit for nickel-base superalloys. Optical microscopy, scanning-electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to study the microstructure and morphology of the oxides. These alloys oxidize by forming TiO2 and Rh2O3 complex oxides. The Rh-20Ti alloys displayed lower oxidation resistance than Rh-15Ti alloys. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20650 USA. RP Davis, AW (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20650 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD FEB PY 2002 VL 57 IS 1-2 BP 181 EP 191 AR UNSP 0030-770X/02/0200-0181/0 DI 10.1023/A:1013303031201 PG 11 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 523CE UT WOS:000173933600010 ER PT S AU Westervelt, K AF Westervelt, K GP IEEE IEEE TI F/A-18D(RC) built-in-test false alarms SO 2002 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 09-16, 2002 CL BIG SKY, MT SP IEEE Aerosp & Electr Syst Soc, Aerosp Corp, AstroExpo com, Circle Mt Co, GEB Software Technologies, Jet Propulsion Lab, Opt Energies Technologies Inc, Profet Enterprises AB Built-In-Test (BIT) false alarm indications have been a challenge for the F/A-18D (RC) Advanced Tactical Air Reconnaissance (ATARS) program throughout development and production. Numerous software updates and hardware changes have reduced the frequency of BIT false alarm indications. These improvements have boosted the confidence of maintenance personnel to believe BIT for use in troubleshooting and repair. However, improvement is still needed to reduce the frequency of false alarms. Experience has shown that BIT false alarm performance is best expressed as Mean Flight-Hour Between False BIT Indication (MFHBFBI) vice BIT false alarm rate. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Unit 1, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Westervelt, K (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Unit 1, Hangar 109,Suite 2A,22474 James Rd, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-7231-X J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2002 BP 2961 EP 2970 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BV66P UT WOS:000179697800285 ER PT S AU Hess, A Hardman, W AF Hess, A Hardman, W GP IEEE IEEE TI Seeded fault testing in support of mechanical systems prognostic development SO 2002 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 09-16, 2002 CL BIG SKY, MT SP IEEE Aerosp & Electr Syst Soc, Aerosp Corp, AstroExpo com, Circle Mt Co, GEB Software Technologies, Jet Propulsion Lab, Opt Energies Technologies Inc, Profet Enterprises AB The US Navy is evolving a strategy to develop and demonstrate prognostics and health management for propulsion and mechanical systems. How this overall strategy has evolved and its current status will be presented. The SH-60 program was initiated as the first proof-of-concept effort to develop, demonstrate, and integrate available and advanced mechanical diagnostic technologies for propulsion and power drive system monitoring. Included in these technologies were various rule based and model based analysis techniques which were applied to demonstrate and validate various levels of diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. These will be discussed and updated. Using past and recent "seeded faults" tests as case examples, various diagnostic methods were used to identify the faults, and various means of applying prognostics and health management are discussed. The most recent examples of "seeded faults" and related tests will also be discussed as case studies, demonstrating various degrees of diagnostic, prognostic and health management capabilities. The current philosophy and thinking in respect to prognostics for mechanical systems will be embellished, using examples from past and more recent "seeded fault" databases. Of particular interest will be discussions of tests focused on demonstrating the understanding of fault to failure progression characteristics and the physics of failures. Accomplishments will be discussed and additional needed testing and demonstration requirements will be defined. Finally, status and future planned efforts for the USN Helicopter Transmission Test Facility (HTTF) and other related test resources will be presented. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Prop & Power Dept, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Hess, A (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Prop & Power Dept, 22195 Elmer Rd,Bldg 106, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-7231-X J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2002 BP 2995 EP 3004 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BV66P UT WOS:000179697800289 ER PT S AU Frankenberger, CE Pisano, A AF Frankenberger, CE Pisano, A GP IEEE IEEE TI Survivable engine control algorithm development (SECAD) SO 2002 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 09-16, 2002 CL BIG SKY, MT SP IEEE Aerosp & Electr Syst Soc, Aerosp Corp, AstroExpo com, Circle Mt Co, GEB Software Technologies, Jet Propulsion Lab, Opt Energies Technologies Inc, Profet Enterprises AB This presentation describes the work conducted as part of the Survivable Engine Control Algorithm Development (SECAD) project. The SECAD project was sponsored by the Joint Technical Coordinating Group on Aircraft Survivability (JTCG/AS) Vulnerability Reduction Subgroup and conducted by the Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division and General Electric Aircraft Engines, Lynn MA. The overall objective of the SECAD project is to develop turbine engine control algorithms that have the potential to reduce aircraft engine vulnerability to combat damage, including foreign object damage (FOD). The initial development effort was laid out in three-phases. Phase I conducted in early FY99, defined candidate engine damage modes to be addressed, and approaches to mitigate the damage effects. In phase 2 damage models, detection algorithms, and mitigation strategies were developed. and evaluated using F414 computer engine models. Phase 3 integrated the damage detection algorithms with the F414 control system and an engine test was conducted to demonstrate the capabilities of the concepts developed. During these tests, SECAD successfully detected fan and compressor damage, combustor airflow loss and variable exhaust nozzle loss of control. This presentation documents the successful development and test of the damage detection and mitigation algorithms, and discusses the potential for merging these techniques with current prognostics and health monitoring technologies. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Frankenberger, CE (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-7231-X J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2002 BP 3015 EP 3020 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BV66P UT WOS:000179697800291 ER PT S AU Escobar, K Gonzalez, B Ortiz, J Nguyen, P Bowden, D Foyos, J Ogren, J Lee, EW Es-Said, OS AF Escobar, K Gonzalez, B Ortiz, J Nguyen, P Bowden, D Foyos, J Ogren, J Lee, EW Es-Said, OS BE Gregson, PJ Harris, SJ TI On the residual stress control in aluminum alloy 7050 SO ALUMINUM ALLOYS 2002: THEIR PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES PTS 1-3 SE MATERIALS SCIENCE FORUM LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Aluminium Alloys CY JUL 02-05, 2002 CL CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SP Alcon Int, Alcoa Europe, Hydro Aluminium, Univ Cambridge, Qinetiq, Univ Southampton, Univ Nottingham DE aluminum alloy 7050; forgings; residual stress; compression stress relief; plastic strain; ageing AB A mechanical stress relief is typically used to alleviate residual stresses generated during quenching of 7050 aluminum forgings after solution treatment. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of section thickness and amount of plastic strain introduced via compression on the aging response of aluminum alloy 7050. Specimens of varying thickness were solution heat-treated at 471degreesC for 2.5 hours and water quenched. They were then compressed to introduce strains of from 1% to 5%, and artificially aged to the final T7452 temper. Specimens were then sectioned and hardness profiles through the thickness were obtained to characterize the aging response. Selected tensile tests were also performed to evaluate the effects of variation in the compression stress relief operation on strength. C1 Loyola Marymount Univ, Mech Engn Dept, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. Boeing Co, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Escobar, K (reprint author), Loyola Marymount Univ, Mech Engn Dept, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. NR 5 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI ZURICH-UETIKON PA BRANDRAIN 6, CH-8707 ZURICH-UETIKON, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2002 VL 396-4 BP 1235 EP 1240 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BU80A UT WOS:000177030500201 ER PT B AU Chan, ML Reed, R Turner, A Atwood, A Curran, P AF Chan, ML Reed, R Turner, A Atwood, A Curran, P BE Kuo, KK DeLuca, LT TI Properties of ADN propellants SO COMBUSTION OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemistry Propulsion (5-ISICP) CY JUN 18-22, 2000 CL STRESA, ITALY SP USN, Off Naval Res, USA Res Lab, European Off Aerosp Res & Dev, Off Naval Res Europe, USA Res Dev & Standardizat Grp, Re Acad China, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Taiwan, Penn State Univ, Politecn Milano, Univ Maryland DE minimum-signature propellants; mechanical properties; burning rate; environment; energetics AB Investigators at the Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division (NAWCWD), China Lake, Calif., have made two series of minimum-signature propellants formulated with either ammonium dinitramide (ADN) or a combination of ADN and hexanitrohexazaisowurtzitane (CL-20). Poly(diethyleneglycol-4,8-dinitraza undeconate) (ORP-2A)/nitrate ester (NE) and polycaprolactone polymer (PCP)/NE were used as the binders. These binders have shown to be excellent for propellant applications. Four propellants are currently under study-PCP/NE/ADN, PCP/NF/ADN/ CL-20, ORP-2A/NE/ADN, and ORP-2A/NE/ADN/CL-20. These propellants processed and cured well and, therefore, produced void-free samples. Propellant samples were prepared for burning rate evaluation in a window bomb apparatus. The results showed that CL-20/ADN propellants can sustain good burning rates at pressures up to 8000 psia. ADN/CL-20 propellants exhibited a burn rate around 1.7 to 2.1 cm/s at 6.89 MPa. In addition, propellants made with ADN as the sole oxidizer exhibited similar burning rates. Finally, the investigators compared the burning rates of propellant made with ADN prills versus those of propellant made with neat ADN solid. Energetic compositions containing ADN and exploded aluminum (ALEX), as well as the conventional H-5 spherical atomized powder, have been prepared with a polyalkylene oxide (PAO) polyether and a nitrate ester plasticizer. Compositions having fine recrystallized ADN (partially soluble in the melted PAO), ALEX, and H-5 aluminum were processible and gave well-cured composites. Microcinematography of burning samples revealed some agglomeration with a mixture of ALEX and H-5. The samples burning rates were determined using the window bomb technique; in addition, other safety and thermal properties were also measured. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Chan, ML (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU BEGELL HOUSE, INC PI NEW YORK PA 145 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA BN 1-56700-198-X PY 2002 BP 492 EP 501 PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Materials Science GA BU91W UT WOS:000177398300045 ER PT B AU Atwood, AI Bui, DT Curran, PO Price, CF AF Atwood, AI Bui, DT Curran, PO Price, CF BE Kuo, KK DeLuca, LT TI Combustion studies of nitramine containing energetic materials SO COMBUSTION OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemistry Propulsion (5-ISICP) CY JUN 18-22, 2000 CL STRESA, ITALY SP USN, Off Naval Res, USA Res Lab, European Off Aerosp Res & Dev, Off Naval Res Europe, USA Res Dev & Standardizat Grp, Re Acad China, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Taiwan, Penn State Univ, Politecn Milano, Univ Maryland AB The effect of initial temperature and pressure on the combustion of the nitramine containing explosives PBXN-5 and Composition A-4 has been examined. A measurable sensitivity to burning was determined for the HMX containing PBXN-5 but could not be determined for the RDX containing Composition A-4 due to the high level of sample variability. Burning rates for both explosives are compared to their neat monopropellant counterparts. Closed bomb determination of high pressure burning rates for the two explosive powders was complicated by the lack of sample homogeneity as well as apparent grain deconsolidation. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Atwood, AI (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RI DeLuca, Luigi/C-6532-2008 NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU BEGELL HOUSE, INC PI NEW YORK PA 145 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA BN 1-56700-198-X PY 2002 BP 533 EP 545 PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Materials Science GA BU91W UT WOS:000177398300049 ER PT B AU Finlinson, JC Blomshield, FS AF Finlinson, JC Blomshield, FS BE Kuo, KK DeLuca, LT TI HMX T-burner pressure coupled response at 200, 500, and 1000 PSI SO COMBUSTION OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemistry Propulsion (5-ISICP) CY JUN 18-22, 2000 CL STRESA, ITALY SP USN, Off Naval Res, USA Res Lab, European Off Aerosp Res & Dev, Off Naval Res Europe, USA Res Dev & Standardizat Grp, Re Acad China, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Taiwan, Penn State Univ, Politecn Milano, Univ Maryland ID COMBUSTION AB This paper contains pressure coupled combustion response T-burner measurements on pressed pellets of HMX. Pellets of pure oxidizer were pressed with a donut die to allow a 0.45 inch center hole required for pressure pulsing. The pellets were burned in T-burner pipes of length 10, 15, 22, 36, and 50 inches at pressures of 200, 500 and 1000 psi. HMX oscillated spontaneously in the T-burner at 200 and 500 psi, but required pulsing at 1000 psi. At the lowest pressure of 200 psi, HMX oscillated spontaneously with growth rates of 2.4 to 11.8 s(-1). At 500 psi, growth rates ranged from -5 to 31 s(-1) and at 1000 psi the growth rates ranged from -12 to +4 sec(-1). This data is of special interest to instability modelers, especially those doing transient monopropellant modeling, as there has not been any pure ingredient pressure coupled response data. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Res & Technol Grp, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Finlinson, JC (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Res & Technol Grp, Code 4T4320D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU BEGELL HOUSE, INC PI NEW YORK PA 145 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA BN 1-56700-198-X PY 2002 BP 854 EP 866 PG 3 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Materials Science GA BU91W UT WOS:000177398300077 ER PT B AU Blomshield, FS Coats, DE Dunn, SS French, JC AF Blomshield, FS Coats, DE Dunn, SS French, JC BE Kuo, KK DeLuca, LT TI T-burner response analysis using the SPP/SSP code SO COMBUSTION OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Special Topics in Chemistry Propulsion (5-ISICP) CY JUN 18-22, 2000 CL STRESA, ITALY SP USN, Off Naval Res, USA Res Lab, European Off Aerosp Res & Dev, Off Naval Res Europe, USA Res Dev & Standardizat Grp, Re Acad China, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Taiwan, Penn State Univ, Politecn Milano, Univ Maryland AB This paper presents the results of a study to compare the stability results of the SPP/SSP code to actual T-Burner experimental data. The SPP/SSP code is the standard solid rocket motor performance program coupled to the Standard Stability Program. Four unique propellants were compared. Two were reduced smoke and two were metallized propellants. Pressure coupled response data was already available for these propellants. This experimental data was evaluated by the T-burner. For the metallized propellants, aluminum oxide particle analysis was also previously performed on the combustion products, The stability analysis was performed using the three- dimensional grain design and ballistic modules and the one dimensional stability module. Types of driving and damping mechanisms included in the analysis included pressure coupling, wall damping and for the metallized propellants, particle damping. The total predicted stability was then compared against the decay and/or growth measured in the T-Bumer during a test. The results were surprising in that both the magnitude and trends in the analysis were verified by the data. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Propuls Res Branch, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Blomshield, FS (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Propuls Res Branch, Code 4T4320D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BEGELL HOUSE, INC PI NEW YORK PA 145 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA BN 1-56700-198-X PY 2002 BP 918 EP 926 PG 3 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Materials Science GA BU91W UT WOS:000177398300082 ER PT J AU Redelman, D Hudig, D Maehara, K Berner, MD Castell, LM Roberts, D Ensign, W AF Redelman, D Hudig, D Maehara, K Berner, MD Castell, LM Roberts, D Ensign, W TI Characteristic human immunological phenotypes IV. Quantitative expression of CD45 on lymphocytes varies among normal individuals SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sierra CutometryUNR Cytometry Ctr, Reno, NV USA. Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PY 2002 SU 11 BP 83 EP 83 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 544VM UT WOS:000175182400194 ER PT J AU Redelman, D Hudig, D Maehara, K Berner, MD Castell, LM Roberts, D Ensign, W AF Redelman, D Hudig, D Maehara, K Berner, MD Castell, LM Roberts, D Ensign, W TI Characteristic human immunological phenotypes VI. The properties of perforin (Pf) positive natural killer (NK) and T cells are variable but characteristic of individuals SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sierra Cytometry UNR Cytometry Ctr, Reno, NV USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PY 2002 SU 11 BP 84 EP 84 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 544VM UT WOS:000175182400196 ER PT J AU Redelman, D Hudig, D Maehara, K Berner, MD Castell, LM Roberts, D Ensign, W AF Redelman, D Hudig, D Maehara, K Berner, MD Castell, LM Roberts, D Ensign, W TI Characteristic human immunological phenotypes V. The absolute and relative numbers of immune cell lineages and their properties are characteristic of individuals SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sierra Cytometry UNR Cytometry Ctr, Reno, NV USA. Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PY 2002 SU 11 BP 84 EP 84 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 544VM UT WOS:000175182400195 ER PT J AU Redelman, D Hudig, D Maehara, K Berner, MD Castell, LM Roberts, D Ensign, W AF Redelman, D Hudig, D Maehara, K Berner, MD Castell, LM Roberts, D Ensign, W TI People have characteristic immunological phenotypes I. Immunologic properties vary widely among healthy young men but are stable features of each individual SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sierra Cytometry UNR Cytometry Ctr, Reno, NV USA. Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PY 2002 SU 11 BP 87 EP 87 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 544VM UT WOS:000175182400205 ER PT J AU Redelman, D Hudig, D Maehara, K Berner, D Castell, LM Roberts, D Ensign, W AF Redelman, D Hudig, D Maehara, K Berner, D Castell, LM Roberts, D Ensign, W TI Characteristic human immunological phenotypes II. Homeostasis of CD14, CD11b and HLA-DR expression on monocytes SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sierra Cytometry UNR Cytometry Ctr, Reno, NV USA. Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PY 2002 SU 11 BP 87 EP 88 PG 2 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 544VM UT WOS:000175182400206 ER PT J AU Redelman, D Hudig, D Maehara, K Berner, MD Castell, LM Roberts, D Ensign, W AF Redelman, D Hudig, D Maehara, K Berner, MD Castell, LM Roberts, D Ensign, W TI Characteristic human immunological phenotypes III. Interpersonal variation in the distinctive individual expression of CD2 exceeds the variation of CD2 expression on naive and memory T cells within individuals SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sierra Cytometry UNR Cytometry Ctr, Reno, NV USA. Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PY 2002 SU 11 BP 88 EP 88 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 544VM UT WOS:000175182400207 ER PT J AU Hardaway, CA Ross, EV AF Hardaway, CA Ross, EV TI Nonablative laser skin remodeling SO DERMATOLOGIC CLINICS LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE LASER; RESIDUAL THERMAL-DAMAGE; INTENSE PULSED-LIGHT; ERBIUM-YAG LASER; FACIAL SKIN; PIG MODEL; CO2; COMBINATION; CONTRACTION; WRINKLES AB Nonablative skin remodeling has become an attractive option for patients whose lifestyles demand a noninvasive approach to skin rejuvenation. This review addresses the rationales for therapy, specific devices, and study outcomes. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Ross, EV (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 64 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0733-8635 J9 DERMATOL CLIN JI Dermatol. Clin. PD JAN PY 2002 VL 20 IS 1 BP 97 EP + DI 10.1016/S0733-8635(03)00049-4 PG 16 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 517XC UT WOS:000173634900009 PM 11859598 ER PT J AU Still, KR Jederberg, WW Ritchie, GD Rossi, J AF Still, KR Jederberg, WW Ritchie, GD Rossi, J TI Exposure assessment and the health of deployed forces SO DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Issues and Applications in Toxicology and Risk Assessment CY APR 23-26, 2001 CL FAIRBORN, OHIO SP USAF, Toxicol, USA, Toxicol, USN, Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Food & Drug Adm, ATSDR, Div Toxicol, Natl Res Counil, Natl Acad Sci ID CELL-BASED BIOSENSOR; MICROELECTRODE ARRAYS; NEURONAL NETWORKS; IN-VITRO; SYSTEM; CLASSIFICATION; TOXICOLOGY; CULTURES; AGENTS; TISSUE AB The risk assessment process is a critical function for military Deployment Toxicology research objectives, emphasizing improved health protection of deployed forces. Reliable risk assessment methodology is essential for decision making related to risk reduction procedures during combat deployment, as well as during routine occupational activities. Such decision making must be based upon quality science that both guides sound judgments in risk characterization and management, and provides necessary health protection tools. The health and fitness of deployed forces must be considered for both acute and long-term issues. Exposure assessment specifies populations that might be exposed to injurious agents, identifies routes of exposure, and estimates the magnitude, duration, and timing of the doses that personnel may receive as a result of their exposure. Acute or short-term catastrophic risks for deployed forces are of immediate concern and must be addressed on a risk prioritization basis using Operational Risk Management (ORM) procedures. However, long-term effects of exposure to the same agents must be considered as part of the overall health concerns for deployed forces. In response to these needs, a number of military, federal government, academic and private sector organizations are currently developing new classes of biologically-based biosensors with the programmed capacity to detect the presence of virtually any environmental chemical or biological stressor with the capacity to induce health consequences in deployed personnel. A major objective of this engineering effort is development of biosensor systems that detect novel (previously unresearched) chemical or biological agents that might be used during international combat or terrorist attacks to induce acute or long-term health effects on military or civilian populations. A large portion of the discussion in this paper is devoted to describing the development, testing, and implementation of tissue-based biosensors (TBBs) that utilize small samples of living tissue from laboratory small animals for a wide range of human risk assessment applications. C1 NHRC, TD, Area B, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Geocenters Inc, Area B, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USN Pentagon, OPNAV N343C, Washington, DC USA. RP Still, KR (reprint author), NHRC, TD, Area B, Bldg 433,2612 5th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 0148-0545 J9 DRUG CHEM TOXICOL JI Drug Chem. Toxicol. PY 2002 VL 25 IS 4 BP 383 EP 401 DI 10.1081/DCT-120014791 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 600QF UT WOS:000178401800005 PM 12378949 ER PT S AU Hart, CL Fechtig, SD AF Hart, CL Fechtig, SD BE Rash, CE Reese, CE TI Helmet mounted display as a primary flight reference SO HELMET- AND HEAD-MOUNTED DISPLAYS VII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Helmet- and Head-Mounted Displays VII CY APR 01-02, 2002 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE AB As a cockpit display medium, HMDs have unique characteristics that must be considered when integrating these systems into aircraft. Two primary advantages of HMDs are that they display information directly in the pilot's line of sight and they allow for off-boresight cueing and targeting of weapon systems. It is important to note that these two advantages of HMDs can also be viewed as two disadvantages. Because HMD symbology is displayed in the pilot's line of sight, the display can obscure the out-the-window scene. There is also anecdotal evidence that off-boresight targeting information presented in a HMD may cause pilot fixation, leading to reduced situational awareness. HMDs offer capabilities never before available in any type of cockpit display device - specifically, the ability to present an egocentric, augmented reality display presentation throughout the full field of regard of the pilot's natural vision. Capitalizing on the unique capabilities of helmet mounted displays will provide increased spatial and situational awareness throughout all regimes of flight, especially in low visibility or high workload conditions. During this effort, Navy and Boeing team members developed several operational helmet-mounted display (HMD) symbology formats that fulfilled the primary flight reference (PFR) requirements. Team members down-selected a set of concepts for evaluation in a flight simulator. These concepts were integrated and evaluated using pilot-in-the-loop simulations in the Crewstation Technology Laboratory (CTL) at the Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division in Patuxent River, MD. This paper details the first series of evaluations on these formats. Additional evaluations will be performed on the second iteration of the formats during in the summer of 2002. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Hart, CL (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4461-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2002 VL 4711 BP 389 EP 394 DI 10.1117/12.490266 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BV18C UT WOS:000178074000035 ER PT J AU Lee, EU George, K Agarwala, VV Sanders, H London, G AF Lee, EU George, K Agarwala, VV Sanders, H London, G TI Mechanical behavior of Be-Al alloys SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID FATIGUE-CRACK-GROWTH AB This study was conducted to identify the mechanical behavior of a wrought 62Be-38Al alloy and a cast 65Be-32Al-3Ni alloy. Tensile strength and elongation were measured at room and elevated temperatures. Fracture toughness was determined at room temperature. Fatigue resistance was characterized in terms of stress-life (S-N) and crack growth rate-stress intensity range (da/dN-DeltaK) relations at room temperature. The resulting microstructures and crack paths of the aforementioned were also examined. The microstructure of the wrought and cast alloys consists of Be-phase particles dispersed within an Al-phase matrix. The Be-phase particles are aligned along the rolling direction in the wrought alloy, whereas they are, coarser and round with no directionality in the cast alloy. Overall, the wrought alloy has better mechanical properties, including fatigue resistance, than the cast alloy. The conditional plane strain fracture toughnesses of the wrought alloy were determined to be 38.8 and 22.4 MPa rootm (35.3 and 20.4 ksi root in)for the L-T and T-L orientations at room temperature, respectively. The crack path follows preferentially along the Al-phase and the Al/Be interfacial region for the wrought alloy at all temperatures and for the cast alloy at higher temperatures during tensile, fracture-toughness, and fatigue testing. However while tensile testing at room temperature, the crack cuts through the Be- and Al-phases in the cast alloy. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Lee, EU (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD USA. NR 12 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 5 PU SAMPE PUBLISHERS PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DRIVE, COVINA, CA 91722 USA SN 1070-9789 J9 J ADV MATER-COVINA JI J. Adv. Mater. PD JAN PY 2002 VL 34 IS 1 BP 3 EP 11 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 505UR UT WOS:000172934400002 ER PT J AU Kelso, JM Jones, RT Yunginger, JW AF Kelso, JM Jones, RT Yunginger, JW TI Allergy to chinchilla SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2002 VL 109 IS 1 SU S MA 1061 BP S342 EP S342 DI 10.1016/S0091-6749(02)82196-0 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 519UX UT WOS:000173744801058 ER PT J AU Regan, TM Harris, DC Stroud, RM White, JR AF Regan, TM Harris, DC Stroud, RM White, JR TI Neutron irradiation of sapphire for compressive strengthening. I. Processing conditions and compressive strength SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH; ALUMINA; DAMAGE; TEMPERATURE; CRYSTALS; AL2O3 AB Sapphire suffers a dramatic loss of c-axis compression strength at elevated temperatures. Irradiation of sapphire with fission-spectrum neutrons to an exposure of similar to10(22) neutrons/m(2) in the core of a 1 MW fission reactor increased the c-axis compression strength by a factor of similar to3 at 600 degreesC. Strength was similarly improved when 99% of slow neutrons (less than or equal to 0.1 eV) were removed by B-10 and Cd shields during irradiation. Annealing at 600 degreesC for 10 min changed the yellow-brown color of irradiated sapphire to pate yellow, but had no effect on compressive strength. Annealing irradiated sapphire at 1200 degreesC for 24 h reduced the compressive strength to its baseline value. Transmission electron microscopy suggests that fast-neutron-induced displacement damage inhibits the propagation of r-plane twins which are responsible for the low compressive strength. When irradiated with B-10 and Cd shielding, sapphire that was not grown in iridium crucibles is safe for unrestricted handling after 1 month. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Aspen Syst, Marlborough, MA 01752 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Radiat Lab, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RP Regan, TM (reprint author), Aspen Syst, Marlborough, MA 01752 USA. RI Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008 OI Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015 NR 26 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JAN PY 2002 VL 300 IS 1 BP 39 EP 46 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(01)00711-5 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 509TQ UT WOS:000173166100005 ER PT J AU Regan, TM Harris, DC Blodgett, DW Baldwin, KC Miragliotta, JA Thomas, ME Linevsky, MJ Giles, JW Kennedy, TA Fatemi, M Black, DR Lagerlof, KPD AF Regan, TM Harris, DC Blodgett, DW Baldwin, KC Miragliotta, JA Thomas, ME Linevsky, MJ Giles, JW Kennedy, TA Fatemi, M Black, DR Lagerlof, KPD TI Neutron irradiation of sapphire for compressive strengthening. II. Physical properties changes SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID AL2O3; TEMPERATURE; DAMAGE AB Irradiation of sapphire with fast neutrons (0.8-10 MeV) at a fluence Of 10(22)/m(2) increased the e-axis compressive strength and the c-plane biaxial flexure strength at 600 degreesC by a factor of similar to2.5. Both effects are attributed to inhibition of r-plane twin propagation by damage clusters resulting from neutron impact. The a-plane biaxial flexure strength and four-point flexure strength in the c- and m-directions decreased by 10-23% at 600 degreesC after neutron irradiation. Neutron irradiation had little or no effect on thermal conductivity, infrared absorption, elastic constants, hardness, and fracture toughness. A featureless electron paramagnetic resonance signal at g = 2.02 was correlated with the strength increase: This signal grew in amplitude with increasing neutron irradiation, which also increased the compressive strength. Annealing conditions that reversed the strengthening also annihilated the g = 2.02 signal. A signal associated with a paramagnetic center containing two Al nuclei was not correlated with strength. Ultraviolet and visible color centers also were not correlated with strength in that they could be removed by annealing at temperatures that were too low to reverse the compressive strengthening effect of neutron irradiation. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Aspen Syst, Marlborough, MA 01752 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Radiat Lab, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Regan, TM (reprint author), Aspen Syst, Marlborough, MA 01752 USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JAN PY 2002 VL 300 IS 1 BP 47 EP 56 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(01)00708-5 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 509TQ UT WOS:000173166100006 ER PT J AU Yu, KH Wilson, KJ AF Yu, KH Wilson, KJ TI Scale-up experiments on liquid-fueled active combustion control SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 34th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit CY JUL 12-15, 1998 CL CLEVELAND, OHIO SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASME, SAE, ASEE ID PRESSURE OSCILLATIONS; PARTICLE DISPERSION; SHEAR-LAYER; INSTABILITIES; JET; TURBULENT AB Liquid-fueled active instability suppression and the associated scaling issues were investigated in a model ramjet dump combustor that was operated between 70 kW and 1.3 MW output conditions. When the secondary fuel injection was pulsed and its timing was controlled, pressure oscillations were suppressed. The controller performance was adversely affected by reducing the flow residence time, but the correlation was modest. The amount of pulsed fuel, on the other hand, had a significant effect on the controller performance, which suggested the existence of a critical fuel flux. To maintain control authority for instability suppression, a fuel amount in excess of the critical fuel flux was required for the secondary injection. In the scale-up experiments, when the Sauter mean diameter of fuel droplets was decreased from 40 to 10 mum, the critical fuel flux was lowered from 8% of the total fuel flux to about 2%, which indicated that it was a strong function of fuel droplet size. Last, a novel control approach was demonstrated using pulsed fuel injection that was closed-loop controlled at the second harmonic of the instability. This showed that instabilities could be suppressed with closed-loop control even when the frequencies are outside the actuator's repetition capability. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Yu, KH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD JAN-FEB PY 2002 VL 18 IS 1 BP 53 EP 60 DI 10.2514/2.5897 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 516VJ UT WOS:000173577200005 ER PT J AU Ross, EV Cooke, LM Overstreet, KA Buttolph, GD Blair, MA AF Ross, EV Cooke, LM Overstreet, KA Buttolph, GD Blair, MA TI Treatment of Pseudofolliculitis barbae in very dark skin with a long pulse neodymium YAG laser SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0196-8092 J9 LASER SURG MED JI Lasers Surg. Med. PY 2002 SU 14 MA 85 BP 26 EP 26 PG 1 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 536XE UT WOS:000174726500083 ER PT J AU Keel, DM Goldman, MP Fitzpatrick, RE Butterwick, KJ AF Keel, DM Goldman, MP Fitzpatrick, RE Butterwick, KJ TI Diamond laser scalpel vs. steel scalpel: A side by side comparison of cutaneous wound healing SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, Div Dermatol, San Diego, CA USA. Dermatol Associates San Diego Cty Inc, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0196-8092 J9 LASER SURG MED JI Lasers Surg. Med. PY 2002 SU 14 MA 193 BP 55 EP 55 PG 1 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 536XE UT WOS:000174726500186 ER PT S AU Guenthner, AJ Lindsay, GA Zarras, P Fallis, S Pentony, JM Herman, WN AF Guenthner, AJ Lindsay, GA Zarras, P Fallis, S Pentony, JM Herman, WN BE Eich, M Kuzyk, MG TI Methods for estimating the refractive index profile at near infrared wavelengths of polymers for optical waveguides SO LINEAR AND NONLINEAR OPTICS OF ORGANIC MATERIALS II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Linear and Nonlinear Optics of Organic Materials II CY JUL 09-11, 2002 CL SEATTLE, WA SP SPIE, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington State Univ, Coll Sci, Washington State Univ, Coll Engn & Architecture, Boeing Co, Univ Washington, Coll Engn, Univ Washington, Ctr Nanotechnol, Washington Technol Ctr DE refractive index; polyimide; connectivity index; topological model; birefringence ID POLYIMIDES AB Methods that successfully predict the refractive index at near-infrared wavelengths of negatively birefringent polymer films for optical waveguide applications are presented. The starting point for these methods is a correlation based on connectivity indexes originally developed by Bicerano for the refractive index of isotropic polymers at visible wavelengths. This correlation is applied to a set of polyimides at near infrared wavelengths with modifications in order to improve its predictive power. The polyimides were synthesized by condensation of monomers to form the precursor poly(amic acid)s followed by imidization in solution. Solutions of the polyimides were then spin coated onto glass substrates and baked to produce films of 2-3 microns in thickness with a variable negative birefringence. The refractive index profiles of these films near 1320 nm were then measured in both the TE- and TM- modes using a prism-coupling technique. The average refractive index of these films was then compared to the prediction generated by the model. The agreement between the predicted and observed values has been sufficient to enable the rapid development of materials for optical waveguides without the need for many rounds of trial-and-error investigation. These techniques facilitate the development of specialized polymers for optical waveguide applications. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Guenthner, AJ (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Code 4T4220D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4566-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2002 VL 4798 BP 184 EP 194 DI 10.1117/12.452117 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Optics; Physics, Applied; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics; Polymer Science GA BW05Q UT WOS:000180753700023 ER PT J AU Hyams, KC Barrett, DH Duque, D Engel, CC Friedl, K Gray, G Hogan, B Hyams, KC Kaforski, G Murphy, F North, R Riddle, J Ryan, MAK Trump, DH Wells, J AF Hyams, KC Barrett, DH Duque, D Engel, CC Friedl, K Gray, G Hogan, B Hyams, KC Kaforski, G Murphy, F North, R Riddle, J Ryan, MAK Trump, DH Wells, J TI The recruit assessment program: A program to collect comprehensive baseline health data from US military personnel SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Pilot testing has begun on the Recruit Assessment Program (RAP). The RAP is a proposed Department of Defense (DoD) program for the routine collection of baseline demographic, medical, psychosocial, occupational, and health risk factor data from all U.S. military personnel at entry into the armed forces. The RAP currently uses an optically scannable paper questionnaire, which will provide data for the first building block of an electronic medical record within the DoD and the Department of Veterans Affairs. The RAP will serve several important functions, including automating enrollment into the military health care system, improving patient care and preventive medicine efforts, and providing critical data for investigations of health problems among military personnel and veterans. If the feasibility of the RAP is demonstrated and the program is fully implemented throughout the DoD, it could provide a substantial improvement in health care delivery. For the first time, DoD and Department of Veterans Affairs physicians, public health officers, and researchers will have access to comprehensive baseline health status data. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Air Educ & Training Command, San Antonio, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. USN, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN, Dept Epidemiol, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. USN, Recruit Training Command, Great Lakes, IL USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC USA. Pentagon, Off Assistant Secretary Def Hlth Affairs, Washington, DC USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Hyams, KC (reprint author), Vet Affairs Cent Off 13, 810 Vermont Ave NW, Washington, DC 20420 USA. OI Friedl, Karl/0000-0002-3134-8427 NR 13 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JAN PY 2002 VL 167 IS 1 BP 44 EP 47 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DM UT WOS:000181420000009 PM 11799812 ER PT B AU Ketcham, RL Bishop, S AF Ketcham, RL Bishop, S BE Amborski, K Meuth, H TI The application of VV&A in promoting the credible employment of M&S within the joint strike fighter program SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION 2002 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th European Simulation Multiconference (ESM 2002) CY JUN 03, 2001-JUN 05, 2002 CL UNIV APPL SCI, DARMSTADT, GERMANY SP Soc Comp Modeling & Simulat Int, ASIM, Chinese Assoc Syst Simulat, European Simulat Council, Federat European Simulat Soc, Hungarian Simulat Soc, Japan Soc Simulat Technol, Turkish Simulat soc HO UNIV APPL SCI AB This paper will describe the management of Modeling and Simulation (M&S) to ensure credible usage within the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program. The JSF Program is a Department of Defense (DoD) effort, to field an affordable next generation strike aircraft weapon system for joint service use. This effort envisions the JSF, also known as the F-35, to be an affordable alternative to meet the needs of the Navy, Air Force, Marines, and the U.S. allies. M&S has had, and will continue to have, an extensive role in the JSF acquisition program. The JSF Program was one of the first programs to adopt the vision and goals of Simulation Based Acquisition (SBA), a DoD initiative to integrate the use of M&S across all acquisition phases and programs. The goal of SBA is to reduce the time, resources, and risks associated with major acquisition efforts while enhancing the value to the warfighter. The implementation of SBA principles within JSF has led to a central role for M&S in the recently completed Requirements Phase of JSF. M&S was employed extensively in a variety of engineering, design, and mission effectiveness analyses and M&S results were a key factor in establishing JSF Operational Requirements. M&S continues to play a central role in the acquisition strategy of the JSF program. During the Requirements Phase, the JSF Program Office also began a major effort to develop and execute a robust Verification, Validation, and Accreditation (VV&A) process for the M&S utilized. This paper will look at the approach JSF took in accrediting M&S during this phase of the program and identify some of the key concerns and lessons learned. Finally, we will examine the current phase, System Design and Development (SDD), and show how the VV&A approach is evolving to address these concerns. SDD began in October of 2001, when Lockheed-Martin won a major competition to design and build the JSF. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Joint Accreditat Support Act, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Ketcham, RL (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Joint Accreditat Support Act, 1 Adm Circle, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCS EUROPE PI GHENT PA COUPURE LINKS 653, 9000 GHENT, BELGIUM BN 90-77039-07-4 PY 2002 BP 705 EP 709 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BV03C UT WOS:000177652300119 ER PT S AU Mullen, LJ Zege, EP Katsev, IL Prikhach, AS AF Mullen, LJ Zege, EP Katsev, IL Prikhach, AS BE Frouin, RJ Gilbert, GD TI Modulated lidar system: Experiment vs. theory SO OCEAN OPTICS: REMOTE SENSING AND UNDERWATER IMAGING SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Optics - Remote Sensing and Underwater Imaging CY AUG 01-02, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE, NASA Langley Res Ctr DE lidar; underwater imaging; radiative transfer equation; modulation ID LIGHT AB A modulated light detecting and ranging (lidar) system has been developed to improve under-water imaging. This system uses the modulation information encoded on an optical signal to distinguish between the backscatter signal and the signal reflected from an underwater target. Through choice of the appropriate modulation frequency, this technique has the ability to improve underwater target contrast by reducing backscatter noise. Both laboratory tank experiments and in-situ pier measurements have been completed with a modulated lidar prototype. The results showed that the target contrast improved as the modulation frequency increased, which was due to the corresponding decrease of backscatter noise with increasing modulation frequency. Concur-rent with the experimental measurements, a theoretical model is being developed for the modulated lidar system. This analytical model incorporates both the Small Angle Diffusion Approximation and the Multi-Component Method developed by Zege et at [Appl. Opt., 19931 to solve the radiative transfer equation. The various experimental characteristics are included in the model (i.e., source/receiver, target, and water properties) and the results are compared with relevant experimental data. Preliminary results show good agreement with experimental data, including the reduction of backscatter with increasing modulation frequency. C1 NAVAIR, EO & Special Miss Sensors Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Mullen, LJ (reprint author), NAVAIR, EO & Special Miss Sensors Div, Code 4-5-6,22347 Cedar Point Rd,Unit 6, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4202-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2002 VL 4488 BP 25 EP 35 AR UNSP 4488-06 DI 10.1117/12.452829 PG 11 WC Engineering, Ocean; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BU15L UT WOS:000175162900004 ER PT S AU Allocca, D London, M Curran, T Concannon, B Contarino, VM Prentice, J Mullen, L Kane, T AF Allocca, D London, M Curran, T Concannon, B Contarino, VM Prentice, J Mullen, L Kane, T BE Frouin, RJ Gilbert, GD TI Ocean water clarity measurement using shipboard LIDAR systems SO OCEAN OPTICS: REMOTE SENSING AND UNDERWATER IMAGING SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Optics - Remote Sensing and Underwater Imaging CY AUG 01-02, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE, NASA Langley Res Ctr DE laser sounding; Lidar; oceanographic; optical remote sensing; optical scattering ID POLARIZATION AB Experiments with two laser radar systems were conducted off the coast of Key West Florida in May of 2001. The purpose of the test was to observe the effect of the water optical properties on the Lidar return signal decay rate and compare the performance of the two systems. The first Lidar system, the Shipboard K-meter Survey System (KSS), was configured to transmit linearly polarized light and to receive backscattered light in both channels. The second system, the Airborne KSS, is designed to conduct global surveys from patrolling P3-C aircraft. For this test the Airborne KSS was specially configured to operate from the deck of a ship and both systems were operated in conjunction with each other. The Shipboard KSS was configured with a remotely controlled mechanical iris in both receiver channels to allo the use of different fields of view in each channel Several oceanographic in-situ instruments were used to measure such water properties as optical transmission and absorption, backscatter coefficient, diffuse attenuation, temperature, and salinity as functions of depth. This in-situ data was then compared with the Lidar measurements. C1 Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Allocca, D (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Bldg 2185,RM 1100,Code 456, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4202-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2002 VL 4488 BP 106 EP 114 AR UNSP 4488-16 DI 10.1117/12.452807 PG 9 WC Engineering, Ocean; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BU15L UT WOS:000175162900012 ER PT S AU Irvin, JA Irvin, DJ Chafin, AP Guenthner, AJ Lindsay, GA Wright, ME Herman, WN AF Irvin, JA Irvin, DJ Chafin, AP Guenthner, AJ Lindsay, GA Wright, ME Herman, WN BE Armistead, JP Heflin, JR Jen, AKY Norwood, RA TI Synthesis and characterization of chiral conjugated polymers for optical waveguides SO ORGANIC THIN FILM FOR PHOTONIC APPLICATIONS, PROCEEDINGS SE OSA TRENDS IN OPTICS AND PHOTONICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Organic Thin Films for Photonic Applications CY OCT 15-17, 2001 CL LONG BEACH, CA SP Opt Soc Amer ID ELECTRIC-FIELD; POLY(3-ALKYLTHIOPHENES); GENERATION; FREQUENCY; FILM AB In the pursuit of new photonic devices, the unique waveguide properties of chiral films made from single-handed helical molecules are under investigation. The synthesis of polymers with a hierarchical structure is the first step. In this paper we present results on the synthesis and characterization of poly(p-phenylenes) (PPPs) and polythiophenes, possessing amine and amide chiral side-chains. A regioirregular PPP possessing one chiral side group per repeat unit was prepared. Regioregular PPPs possessing two chiral side groups per repeat unit were also synthesized; however, lower molecular weights were achieved due to steric constraints. The PPPs exhibited total optical rotation that was a function of the concentration of the chiral side group; with 352 per chiral group or 70degrees per repeat unit. A regioirregular polythiophene was prepared using oxidative polymerization. A molecular structure that leads to helical polymer chains that undergo supramolecular packing in spin-cast films is the goal. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Irvin, JA (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr Weapons Div, 1 Adm Circle,Code 4T4220D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RI Irvin, Jennifer/C-7968-2013 OI Irvin, Jennifer/0000-0003-3500-8419 NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMERICA PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-5695 BN 1-55752-685-0 J9 OSA TRENDS OPT PHOTO PY 2002 VL 64 BP 88 EP 92 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BX30C UT WOS:000184857500014 ER PT J AU Parr, TP Hanson-Parr, DM Smooke, MD Yetter, RA AF Parr, TP Hanson-Parr, DM Smooke, MD Yetter, RA TI Ammonium perchlorate/(H-2+CO) gaseous fuel diffusion flame studies SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Combustion Symposium CY JUL 21-26, 2002 CL HOKKAIDO UNIV, SAPPORO, JAPAN HO HOKKAIDO UNIV AB Counterflow diffusion flame experiments and modeling results are presented for a fuel mixture consisting of CO and H-2 flowing against decomposition products from a solid ammonium perchlorate (AP) pellet. The flame zone simulates the diffusion flame structure that is expected to exist between reaction products from fine AP crystals and a hydrocarbon binder with the decomposition products from large AP crystals, characteristic of a bimodal AP propellant. Quantitative species and temperature profiles have been measured for a mixture of two fuels, hydrogen and CO, and one strain rate, given by a separation of 5 mm, between the fuel exit and AP surface. Species measured included CN, NH, NO, OH, N-2, O-2, CO2, H-2, CO, 110, and H2O. Temperature was measured using a combination of a thermocouple at the exit, spontaneous Raman scattering measurements throughout the flame, OH rotational population distributions, and NO vibrational population distributions. The burning rate of the AP was also measured for this flame's strain rate. The measured 12 scalars are compared with predictions from a detailed gas-phase kinetics model consisting of 86 species and 531 reactions. Model predictions are found to be in good agreement with experiment and illustrate the type of kinetic features that may be expected to occur in propellants when AP particle size distributions are varied. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Mech Engn, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Parr, TP (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Code 4T4320D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU COMBUSTION INST PI PITTSBURGH PA 5001 BAUM BOULEVARD, STE 635, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213-1851 USA SN 0082-0784 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2002 VL 29 BP 2881 EP 2888 DI 10.1016/S1540-7489(02)80352-2 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 678KN UT WOS:000182866500179 ER PT J AU Mclaughlin, S Haque, I AF Mclaughlin, S Haque, I TI Development of a multi-body simulation model of a Winston Cup valvetrain to study valve bounce SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART K-JOURNAL OF MULTI-BODY DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE valvetrain dynamics; multi-body systems; ADAMS; valve bounce AB Valvetrain dynamics is an important factor in the development of engines that operate at high rotational speeds. Valve bounce, which occurs at different speeds in the operating range of the engine, can severely limit the ability of the engine to develop peak power owing to the inability of the valves to seal appropriately. The objective of the work reported in this paper is to develop a model of a Winston Cup (WC) engine valvetrain that can predict the dynamics of the valvetrain at high speed. This model can then be used to develop a more complete understanding of the valvetrain motion and to aid effective design of valvetrains. The model is developed in the ADAMS environment. It contains a flexible pushrod, a flexible rocker arm and lift-off among all components, the mass of the valve springs, and a fluctuating rocker arm ratio. Also included in the model is damping in the valve spring and friction at the rocker arm pivot. Finite element analyses (FEAs) were conducted in order to obtain accurate data for pushrod and rocker arm stiffnesses, and to obtain the frequency response characteristics of the valve springs. The model data represent an actual engine used in WC racing. The model is run at different speeds to determine its dynamic characteristics and to verify its response with models developed previously by other researchers. Valve bounce predictions from the simulation model are compared with measured data from a Spintron test of an identical valvetrain configuration. The results indicate that the model accurately predicts the speeds of maximum valve bounce. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Close Air Support Branch, Div Aircraft, Pax River, MD USA. RP Haque, I (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Room 201,Fluor Daniel Bldg, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING PUBLISHING LTD PI BURY ST EDMUNDS PA NORTHGATE AVENUE, BURY ST EDMUNDS IP32 6BW, SUFFOLK, ENGLAND SN 1464-4193 J9 P I MECH ENG K-J MUL JI Proc. Inst. Mech Eng Pt K-J Multi-Body Dyn. PY 2002 VL 216 IS 3 BP 237 EP 248 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 595ZQ UT WOS:000178138500004 ER PT S AU Perez, I Han, XY AF Perez, I Han, XY BE Thompson, DO Chimenti, DE TI Pulsed thermography modeling SO REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION, VOLS 21A & B SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 28th Annual Conference on Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation CY JUL 29-AUG 03, 2001 CL BOWDOIN COLL, BRUNSWICK, ME HO BOWDOIN COLL AB A simple thermographic model has been developed that accurately describes the surface temperature response of a panel with flat bottom holes of different depth and diameters to a short heat pulse. This model assumes that a thin layer of material absorbs a radiant pulse of duration T and that it subsequently cools off due to normal and lateral diffusion of the deposited energy into the bulk of the material. The model takes into account other experimental parameters such as sample thickness, density, specific heat, in-plane and out-of-plane thermal conductivity and defect size and depth. In this paper we present experimental and modeling results on an aluminum panel with flat bottom holes of different radii and depths. The effects of heat pulse duration will be presented and discussed. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Aircraft Div, Mat Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Perez, I (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Aircraft Div, Mat Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0061-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2002 VL 615 BP 564 EP 571 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Acoustics; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BU96R UT WOS:000177511400074 ER PT S AU Woody, D Davis, JJ AF Woody, D Davis, JJ BE Furnish, MD Thadhani, NN Horie, Y TI The effect of variation of aluminum particle size and polymer on the performance of explosives SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER-2001, PTS 1 AND 2, PROCEEDINGS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference of the American-Physical-Society Topical-Group-on-Shock-Compression-of-Condensed-Matter CY JUN 24-29, 2001 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Phys Soc, SCCM Top Grp, Amer Phys Soc, Educ Div, Georgia Inst Technol AB The Ballistic Impact Chamber (BIC) test was used to measure the effect of particle size upon performance of the energetic material. Two different particle sizes of aluminum, 20 micron (mum) and 150 nanometer (nm), were added to LX-17 to measure their effect upon hazard sensitivity and energy/gram output. Also, the effect of the binder on the performance of the mixtures was explored. For this paper, Viton and Kel-F were compared. The Ballistic Impact Chamber test measures the initial rate of reaction, time of reaction, the burning reaction, and the energy output during the impact of the energetic material. C1 USN, Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Combust Res Branch,Engn Sci Div,Res Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Woody, D (reprint author), USN, Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Combust Res Branch,Engn Sci Div,Res Dept, 1 Adm Circle, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0068-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2002 VL 620 BP 942 EP 945 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Optics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BV26A UT WOS:000178343900219 ER PT S AU Davis, JJ Miller, PJ AF Davis, JJ Miller, PJ BE Furnish, MD Thadhani, NN Horie, Y TI Effect of metal particle size on blast performance of RDX-based explosives SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER-2001, PTS 1 AND 2, PROCEEDINGS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference of the American-Physical-Society Topical-Group-on-Shock-Compression-of-Condensed-Matter CY JUN 24-29, 2001 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Phys Soc, SCCM Top Grp, Amer Phys Soc, Educ Div, Georgia Inst Technol AB This paper discusses the role that aluminum particle size has on explosives blast performance. Tests were performed using a small sealed chamber and an open-ended shock tube. Three explosives were tested and the results presented. The Al particle size examined was 20 microns and 150 nanometers in a pressed PBXN-109 analog composition. (PBXN-109 was also tested.) A noticeable difference in the internal blast pressure was observed between the 20 mum and 150 nm Al in the sealed chamber but not in the shock tube. The chamber results compare favorably with modeling work performed. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Naval Aviat Sci & Technol Off,Res & Technol Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Davis, JJ (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Naval Aviat Sci & Technol Off,Res & Technol Dept, 1 Adm Circle,Code 4T4330D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0068-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2002 VL 620 BP 950 EP 953 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Optics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BV26A UT WOS:000178343900221 ER PT S AU Namkung, J Coffey, CS AF Namkung, J Coffey, CS BE Furnish, MD Thadhani, NN Horie, Y TI Plastic deformation rate and initiation of crystalline explosives SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER-2001, PTS 1 AND 2, PROCEEDINGS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference of the American-Physical-Society Topical-Group-on-Shock-Compression-of-Condensed-Matter CY JUN 24-29, 2001 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Phys Soc, SCCM Top Grp, Amer Phys Soc, Educ Div, Georgia Inst Technol AB Recent theoretical calculations have demonstrated a relationship between the rate of energy dissipation and the rate of plastic deformation in crystalline solids subjected to plastic flow due to shock or impact. In the case of explosive crystals the energy dissipated locally within the crystals during plastic deformation forms the hot spots from which chemical reaction can be initiated. Prompted by this prediction relating the plastic deformation rate with initiation, a series of experiments were undertaken to measure the plastic deformation rate at the initiation site at the moment of initiation for a number of polycrystalline explosives when subjected to impact or mild shock. The experiment and the results will be reviewed here. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Pax River, MD 20640 USA. RP Namkung, J (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Pax River, MD 20640 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 0-7354-0068-7 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2002 VL 620 BP 1003 EP 1006 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Optics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BV26A UT WOS:000178343900233 ER PT S AU Hewer, G Kuo, W Kenney, C Hanson, G Bobinchak, J AF Hewer, G Kuo, W Kenney, C Hanson, G Bobinchak, J BE Drummond, OE TI Detection of small IR objects using wavelets, matched subspace detectors, and registration SO SIGNAL AND DATA PROCESSING OF SMALL TARGETS 2002 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets CY APR 02-04, 2002 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE wavelets; matched subspace detector; registration AB Infrared sensors and advanced signal processing are used to detect small (or "point") targets in highly cluttered and noisy environments. In this paper, a wavelet detection algorithm and tracking of small targets in clutter will be discussed. A new registration algorithm based on optical flow estimates with matched subspace detectors against small maneuverable targets is also discussed. Both detectors incorporate adaptive constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detection statistics. Simulation of the detection and tracking algorithms using an unclassified database with a helicopter target and platform for the video cameras is summarized. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Hewer, G (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Code 4T4100D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4478-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2002 VL 4728 BP 12 EP 23 DI 10.1117/12.478504 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BV29P UT WOS:000178477800002 ER PT B AU Kane, MJ Matzdorf, C Green, J Beck, E AF Kane, MJ Matzdorf, C Green, J Beck, E BE Sudarshan, TS Stiglich, JJ Jeandin, M TI Evaluation of aluminum-manganese as a cadmium replacement SO Surface Modification Technologies XV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Surface Modification Technologies CY NOV 05-08, 2001 CL Indianapolis, IN SP ASM Int, Inst Mat AB The Department of Defense (DoD) is reducing, and will eventually eliminate its current reliance on cadmium-based coatings for defense systems due to the environmental and health hazards posed by cadmium, a toxic metal and a human carcinogen. Compliance with environmental, safety and health regulations is becoming prohibitively expensive due to cadmium's toxicity. In addition, the potential for limited operations overseas exists due to foreign restrictions regarding cadmium containing parts. As a result, non-toxic substances must be found to replace cadmium coatings. Aluminum-manganese may provide the functional performance of cadmium without its detrimental toxic properties. This effort will demonstrate the efficacy of electroplated aluminum-manganese coatings in replacing cadmium coatings. Using a molten salt bath, aluminum-manganese can be easily and inexpensively plated onto components, including internal diameters, complex geometries, and threaded applications. The salt bath is operated at 190 degrees C and is composed of aluminum chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and a small amount of manganese chloride. The goal of this effort is the implementation of a production scale molten salt electroplating system at Naval Aviation Depot (NADEP) North Wand in San Diego, California. Aluminum-manganese coatings are targeted for use in applications in which other coating technologies have been unsuccessful in replacing cadmium. The replacement of toxic cadmium coatings with non-toxic aluminum-manganese coatings will save DoD environmental compliance costs, and will provide protection to human health and the environment. C1 NAVAIR, Res & Engn Grp, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Kane, MJ (reprint author), NAVAIR, Res & Engn Grp, 48066 Shaw Rd,Bldg 2188, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA BN 0-87170-760-8 PY 2002 BP 265 EP 273 PG 9 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA BCR43 UT WOS:000230919500028 ER PT S AU Elson, JM AF Elson, JM BE Gu, ZH Maradudin, AA TI Theoretical comparison of scattering losses in planar waveguides with wall roughness and core inhomogeneity SO SURFACE SCATTERING AND DIFFRACTION FOR ADVANCED METROLOGY II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Surface Scattering and Diffraction for Advanced Metrology II CY JUL 09, 2002 CL SEATTLE, WA SP SPIE, Boeing Co, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington State Univ, Coll Sci, Washington Technol Ctr, Univ Washington, Coll Engn, Univ Washington Ctr Nanotechnol, Washington State Univ, Coll Engn & Architecture DE waveguide; roughness; inhomogeneity; scattering ID R-MATRIX PROPAGATOR; WAVES AB Scattering losses of guided waves that propagate in a planar waveguide are considered. Sources of scattering include random roughness at the cladding-core boundaries and random inhomogeneity of the waveguide core permittivity. A finite length segment of the waveguide channel has either random wall roughness or material inhomogeneity. The roughness is 1-D and the core inhomogeneity is 2-D and both are numerically generated to have a Gaussian autocorrelation. The length of the scattering segment (roughness or inhomogeneity) is varied from 0 to 160lambda. Maxwell's equations in 2-D are solved in the frequency domain for both TE and TM polarization using modal expansion methods. Obtaining numerical solutions is facilitated by using perfectly matched boundary layers and the R-matrix algorithm. The guided waves are excited by a Gaussian beam incident on the waveguide aperture. For various parameters, numerical results are given for waveguide power loss per unit length of the imperfect waveguide segment. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Sensor & Signal Sci Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Elson, JM (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Sensor & Signal Sci Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4547-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2002 VL 4780 BP 32 EP 39 DI 10.1117/12.453787 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA BV72Y UT WOS:000179913100005 ER PT S AU Nee, SMF Nee, TW AF Nee, SMF Nee, TW BE Gu, ZH Maradudin, AA TI Polarization of scattering by a rough paint surface SO SURFACE SCATTERING AND DIFFRACTION FOR ADVANCED METROLOGY II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Surface Scattering and Diffraction for Advanced Metrology II CY JUL 09, 2002 CL SEATTLE, WA SP SPIE, Boeing Co, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington State Univ, Coll Sci, Washington Technol Ctr, Univ Washington, Coll Engn, Univ Washington Ctr Nanotechnol, Washington State Univ, Coll Engn & Architecture DE polarization; scattering; reflection; rough surface; depolarization; ellipsometry; Mueller matrix ID NULL ELLIPSOMETRY; LIGHT-SCATTERING; DEPOLARIZATION; MATRIX; REFLECTION AB Principal Mueller matrices of scattering by a rough paint surface are measured. Null ellipsometry is used to measure the ellipsometric parameters and depolarization of scattering with small depolarization (< 0.2). Linear polarization, circular polarization, and principal Mueller matrix are obtained from the above measured quantities. Stokes method is used to measure the principal Mueller matrix for scattering with large depolarization (> 0.2), and all other polarization characteristics are derived from the principal Mueller matrix. Scattering is measured at fixed angle (2K) between the incident and detection directions, and variable sample orientation. The scattering and its polarization characteristics are symmetric with the off-specular angle (OSA). The measured linear polarization increases with increasing OSA, and may change sign for the cases of small K. The measured depolarization increases with increasing OSA more than linearly, and is larger for smaller K. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Res Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Nee, SMF (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Res Dept, Code 4T4100D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4547-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2002 VL 4780 BP 88 EP 98 DI 10.1117/12.453785 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA BV72Y UT WOS:000179913100011 ER PT J AU Tarman, GJ Kaplan, GW Lerman, SL McAleer, IM Losasso, BE AF Tarman, GJ Kaplan, GW Lerman, SL McAleer, IM Losasso, BE TI Lower genitourinary injury and pelvic fractures in pediatric patients SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRAUMA; MANAGEMENT; CHILDREN AB Objectives. To report the largest series of pelvic fracture and lower genitourinary tract injury in the pediatric population to further define its incidence. The association between pelvic fractures and lower genitourinary tract injury has been well recognized in the adult population. The incidence of bladder or urethral injury is approximately 10% to 15%. Previous limited pediatric reviews placed its incidence at slightly lower levels. Methods. A retrospective review of 8021 trauma patients presenting between July 1992 and March 1999 to a pediatric trauma center included 212 consecutive patients with pelvic fractures. These records were reviewed to determine the incidence of genitourinary injury in children with pelvic fractures. Thirty-six patients were identified with a genitourinary injury, and their records were analyzed. Results. Thirty-six patients (17%) were identified to have sustained a genitourinary injury out of the study cohort of 212 patients with pelvic fractures when patients with isolated hematuria were included. Hematuria was noted in 30 patients (14.2%). Fourteen (6.6%) had gross hematuria. Only 2 (0.9%) of the 212 patients had a significant lower urinary tract injury (one extraperitoneal bladder rupture and one posterior urethral disruption); both had gross hematuria. Genital injuries were seen in 4 other patients (1.9%). Lower genitourinary injury occurred in a total of 6 (2.8%) of the 212 patients with pelvic fractures. Conclusions. The incidence of significant lower genitourinary injury in pediatric patients with pelvic fractures is lower than that reported in previous adult and pediatric reviews. Significant lower genitourinary injuries were not found in stable patients without gross hematuria or multiple associated injuries and with a normal genitourinary examination. Urology 59: 123-126, 2002. (C) 2002, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Childrens Hosp & Hlth Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. Childrens Hosp & Hlth Ctr, Dept Trauma, San Diego, CA USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA. RP Tarman, GJ (reprint author), Naval Hosp Pensacola, Dept Urol, 6000 W Highway 98, Pensacola, FL 32512 USA. NR 13 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD JAN PY 2002 VL 59 IS 1 BP 123 EP 126 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(01)01526-6 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 513DP UT WOS:000173362900027 PM 11796295 ER PT J AU Oh, J Kim, NJ Lee, S Lee, EW AF Oh, J Kim, NJ Lee, S Lee, EW TI High-cycle fatigue properties of investment cast Ti-6Al-4V alloy welds SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Adv Aerosp Mat, Pohang 790784, South Korea. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Oh, J (reprint author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Adv Aerosp Mat, Pohang 790784, South Korea. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0261-8028 J9 J MATER SCI LETT JI J. Mater. Sci. Lett. PD DEC 15 PY 2001 VL 20 IS 24 BP 2183 EP 2187 DI 10.1023/A:1017968514143 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 520VX UT WOS:000173804000004 ER PT J AU Merrill, LL Thomsen, CJ Sinclair, BB Gold, SR Milner, JS AF Merrill, LL Thomsen, CJ Sinclair, BB Gold, SR Milner, JS TI Predicting the impact of child sexual abuse on women: The role of abuse severity, parental support, and coping strategies SO JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM ADJUSTMENT; SOCIAL SUPPORT; PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT; FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS; BUFFERING HYPOTHESIS; VICTIMIZATION; STRESS; SURVIVORS; CONSEQUENCES; ENVIRONMENT AB Female Navy recruits (N = 5,226) completed surveys assessing history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA), childhood strategies for coping with CSA, childhood parental support, and current psychological adjustment. Both CSA and parental support independently predicted later adjustment. In analyses examining whether CSA victims' functioning was associated with CSA severity (indexed by 5 variables), parental support (indexed by 3 variables), and coping (constructive, self-destructive, and avoidant), the negative coping variables were the strongest predictors. A structural equation model revealed that the effect of abuse severity on later functioning was partially mediated by coping strategies. However, contrary to predictions, the model revealed that childhood parental support had little direct or indirect impact on adult adjustment. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. No Illinois Univ, Ctr Study Family Violence & Sexual Assault, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Merrill, LL (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RI Vertommen, Tine/A-8108-2013 NR 61 TC 94 Z9 94 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0022-006X J9 J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH JI J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. PD DEC PY 2001 VL 69 IS 6 BP 992 EP 1006 DI 10.1037//0022-006X.69.6.992 PG 15 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 504DF UT WOS:000172841500013 PM 11777126 ER PT J AU Ryan, MAK McKeehan, JA Gray, GC AF Ryan, MAK McKeehan, JA Gray, GC CA Pneumococcal Vaccine Study Team TI Pneumococcal vaccine to counter emerging infectious disease threat in the military SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; UNITED-STATES; MARINE-CORPS; RISK-FACTORS; PREVENTION; ADULTS; IMMUNIZATION; BACTEREMIA AB Streptococcus pneumoniae causes severe morbidity and mortality worldwide and poses a significant threat to the health and readiness of U.S. military personnel. Although a vaccine to prevent pneumococcal infections has been available for almost 25 years, its use has been limited. Recently, increasing antibiotic resistance among S. pneumoniae strains has emerged, prompting health care professionals to reevaluate the benefit of administering pneumococcal vaccine. The Naval Health Research Center, in collaboration with professionals from numerous civilian and military organizations, has initiated a rigorous double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating the operational value of vaccinating young adults as they enlist in the military. C1 USN, Hlth Res ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Ryan, MAK (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 2001 VL 166 IS 12 BP 1087 EP 1090 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DJ UT WOS:000181419700016 ER PT J AU Thomas, AG Brodine, SK Shaffer, R Shafer, MA Boyer, CB Putnam, S Schachter, J AF Thomas, AG Brodine, SK Shaffer, R Shafer, MA Boyer, CB Putnam, S Schachter, J TI Chlamydial infection and unplanned pregnancy in women with ready access to health care SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED DISEASES; PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE; LIGASE CHAIN-REACTION; TRACHOMATIS INFECTIONS; UNINTENDED PREGNANCY; NATIONAL SURVEY; GENERAL-POPULATION; ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; YOUNG-ADULTS; ALCOHOL-USE AB OBJECTIVE: To apply urine-based ligase chain reaction for Chlamydia trachomatis (C trachomatis) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) detection and standard urine-based pregnancy testing for Navy-enlisted women, and to compare the prevalence and epidemiologic correlates of these adverse reproductive outcomes. METHODS: Participants were surveyed and urine was collected for pregnancy testing using standard laboratory methods and detection of C trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infection by ligase chain reaction. Self-administered surveys facilitated collection of demographics, sexual behavior, including contraceptive use, sexual partners, sexually transmitted disease, and pregnancy history. RESULTS: Among 299 of 314 participants, the prevalence of chlamydial infection was 4.7% and of pregnancy was 9.7%, with 48.3% of the pregnancies unplanned. Chlamydia trachomatis infection was univariately associated with having a new sex partner within the last 6 months, more sexual partners, single marital status, condom use, drinking until passing out or vomiting in the past 30 days (alcohol misuse), and current pregnancy. Unplanned pregnancy was univariately associated with young age, single marital status, inconsistent condom use, having a new sex partner within the last 6 months, and more recent sexual partners. Among the pregnant women, four (13.8%) were infected with C trachomatis. CONCLUSION: The high rates of chlamydial infection and unplanned pregnancy found in this population of employed young women with ready access to health care and health education underscore the challenge of enhancing reproductive health via compliance with effective contraceptive and sexually transmitted disease prevention methods. This is a challenge that remains unmet. (Obstet Gynecol 2001;98:1117-23. (C) 2001 by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.). C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Operat Readiness Res Program, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, Div Adolescent Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. USN, Environm Prevent Med Unit 5, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Thomas, AG (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Operat Readiness Res Program, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 28 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2001 VL 98 IS 6 BP 1117 EP 1123 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 497UW UT WOS:000172474700022 PM 11755563 ER PT J AU McLay, RN Pan, WH Kastin, AJ AF McLay, RN Pan, WH Kastin, AJ TI Effects of peptides on animal and human behavior: A review of studies published in the first twenty years of the journal Peptides SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Review DE peptides; behavior; activity; addiction; ingestion; learning; memory; nociception; sex; stereotypy ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING-FACTOR; STRESS-INDUCED ANALGESIA; GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE; REDUCES FOOD-INTAKE; VASOACTIVE-INTESTINAL-PEPTIDE; VASOPRESSIN ANALOG DDAVP; MELANOCYTE-STIMULATING HORMONE; HYPOTHALAMIC NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; EXCESSIVE GROOMING BEHAVIOR; ACTIVE-AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR AB This review catalogs effects of peptides on various aspects of animal and human behavior as published in the journal Peptides in its first twenty years. Topics covered include: activity levels, addiction behavior, ingestive behaviors, learning and memory-based behaviors, nociceptive behaviors, social and sexual behavior, and stereotyped and other behaviors. There are separate tables for these behaviors and a short introduction for each section. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 VA Med Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Neurosci Training Program, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA USA. RP Pan, WH (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM wpan@tulane.edu NR 610 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-9781 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PD DEC PY 2001 VL 22 IS 12 BP 2181 EP 2255 DI 10.1016/S0196-9781(01)00550-2 PG 75 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 512DA UT WOS:000173304800033 PM 11786208 ER PT J AU Ritchie, GD Rossi, J Nordholm, AF Still, KR Carpenter, RL Wenger, GR Wright, DW AF Ritchie, GD Rossi, J Nordholm, AF Still, KR Carpenter, RL Wenger, GR Wright, DW TI Effects of repeated exposure to JP-8 jet fuel vapor on learning of simple and difficult operant tasks by rats SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A LA English DT Article ID SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; RHESUS-MONKEYS; TEMPORAL DISCRIMINATION; TERM INHALATION; TEST BATTERY; N-HEXANE; WORKERS; TOLUENE; PERFORMANCE AB Groups of 16 Sprague-Dawley rats each were exposed by whole-body inhalation methods to JP-8 jet fuel at the highest vapor concentration without formation of aerosol (1000 +/- 10% mg/m(3)); to 50% of this concentration (500 +/- 10% mg/m(3)); or to treated room air (70 +/- 3 L/min) for 6 h/d, 5 d/wk, for 6 wk (180 h). Although two subjects died of apparent kidney complications during the study, no other change in the health status of exposed rats was observed, including rate of weight gain. Following a 65-d period of rest, rats were evaluated for their capacity to learn and perform a series of operant tasks. These tasks ranged in difficulty from learning of a simple food-reinforced lever pressing response, to learning a task in which subjects were required to emit up to four-response chains of pressing three different levers (e.g., press levers C, R, L, then C). It was shown that repeated exposure to 1000 mg/m(3) JP-8 vapor induced significant deficits in acquisition or performance of moderately difficult or difficult tasks, but not simple learning tasks, as compared to those animals exposed to 500 mg/m(3). Learning/performance of complex tasks by the 500-mg/m(3) exposure group generally exceeded the performance of control animals, while learning by the 1000-mg/m(3) group was nearly always inferior to controls, indicating possible "neurobehavioral" hormesis. These findings appear consistent with some previously reported data for operant performance following acute exposure to certain hydrocarbon constituents of JP-8 (i.e., toluene, xylenes). There has, however, been little previously published research demonstrating long-term learning effects for repeated hydrocarbon fuel exposures. Examination of regional brain tissues from vapor-exposed rats indicated significant changes in levels of dopamine in the cerebral cortex and DOPAC in the brainstem, measured as long as 180 d postexposure, as compared to controls. C1 Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Detachment Toxicol, Neurobehav Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. RP Ritchie, GD (reprint author), NRHCTD, 2612 5th St,Bldg 433, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 74 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 1528-7394 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. TOXICOL. ENV. HEALTH PT A PD NOV 9 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 BP 385 EP 415 DI 10.1080/152873901753170731 PG 31 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 490BE UT WOS:000172029700002 PM 11700005 ER PT J AU McFarland, JT Kuzma, C Millard, FE Johnstone, PAS AF McFarland, JT Kuzma, C Millard, FE Johnstone, PAS TI Palliative irradiation of the spleen SO CANCER JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS PI SUDBURY PA 40 TALL PINE DR, SUDBURY, MA 01776 USA SN 1528-9117 J9 CANCER J JI Cancer J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2001 VL 7 IS 6 MA 10 BP 524 EP 524 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 502ZU UT WOS:000172773300023 ER PT J AU Jung, TP Makeig, S Westerfield, M Townsend, J Courchesne, E Sejnowski, TJ AF Jung, TP Makeig, S Westerfield, M Townsend, J Courchesne, E Sejnowski, TJ TI Analysis and visualization of single-trial event-related potentials SO HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING LA English DT Article DE blind source separation; ICA; ERP; single-trial ERP; artifact removal; P300; alpha ID FUNCTIONALLY INDEPENDENT COMPONENTS; VISUAL-SPATIAL ATTENTION; BLIND SEPARATION; EEG; ARTIFACTS; P300; PHASE; CLASSIFICATION; INFORMATION; ALGORITHM AB In this study, a linear decomposition technique, independent component analysis (ICA), is applied to single-trial multichannel EEG data from event-related potential (ERP) experiments. Spatial filters derived by ICA blindly separate the input data into a sum of temporally independent and spatially fixed components arising from distinct or overlapping brain or extra-brain sources. Both the data and their decomposition are displayed using a new visualization tool, the "ERP image," that can clearly characterize single-trial variations in the amplitudes and latencies of evoked responses, particularly when sorted by a relevant behavioral or physiological variable. These tools were used to analyze data from a visual selective attention experiment on 28 control subjects plus 22 neurological patients whose EEG records were heavily contaminated with blink and other eye-movement artifacts. Results show that ICA can separate artifactual, stimulus-locked, response-locked, and non-event-related background EEG activities into separate components, a taxonomy not obtained from conventional signal averaging approaches. This method allows: (1) removal of pervasive artifacts of all types from single-trial EEG records, (2) identification and segregation of stimulus- and response-locked EEG components, (3) examination of differences in single-trial responses, and (4) separation of temporally distinct but spatially overlapping EEG oscillatory activities with distinct relationships to task events. The proposed methods also allow the interaction between ERPs and the ongoing EEG to be investigated directly. We studied the between-subject component stability of ICA decomposition of single-trial EEG epochs by clustering components with similar scalp maps and activation power spectra. Components accounting for blinks, eye movements, temporal muscle activity, event-related potentials, and event-modulated alpha activities were largely replicated across subjects. Applying ICA and ERP image visualization to the analysis of sets of single trials from event-related EEG (or MEG) experiments can increase the information available from ERP (or ERF) data. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Neural Computat, Dept 0523, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Salk Inst, Howard Hughes Med Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Salk Inst, Computat Neurobiol Lab, San Diego, CA USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Childrens Hosp, Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA. RP Jung, TP (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Neural Computat, Dept 0523, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. FU NIH HHS [1-R01-NH-36840]; NIMH NIH HHS [1-RO1-MH/RR-61619-01]; NINDS NIH HHS [1RO1-NS34155-01] NR 57 TC 359 Z9 375 U1 1 U2 40 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1065-9471 J9 HUM BRAIN MAPP JI Hum. Brain Mapp. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 14 IS 3 BP 166 EP 185 DI 10.1002/hbm.1050 PG 20 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 485TN UT WOS:000171780100004 PM 11559961 ER PT J AU Yu, KH Wilson, KJ Schadow, KC AF Yu, KH Wilson, KJ Schadow, KC TI Effect of flame-holding cavities on supersonic-combustion performance SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 35th Joint Propulsion Conference CY JUN 20-24, 1999 CL LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASME, SAE, ASEE ID TRAPPED-VORTEX COMBUSTOR; SHEAR LAYERS; FLOW AB An experimental study was performed to evaluate the flame-holding and mixing enhancement characteristics of supersonic reacting flow over acoustically open cavities. Several configurations of acoustically open cavities were placed inside a supersonic-combustion duct just downstream of the fuel injection ports. The resulting changes in flame behavior and combustion characteristics were assessed using schlieren visualization of the unconfined flow and wall pressure measurements of the confined flow along the duct. The results were then compared with the baseline case, which used no cavity. Although the cavities improved the combustion performance from the baseline, the amount of enhancement was dependent on the particular shape of the cavity as well as the flow conditions. Certain cavity configurations that were strategically placed inside the combustion duct led to a faster increase in the axial pressure force. The data showed that the recovery temperature was higher and the total pressure profile was more uniform at the exit plane, suggesting enhanced volumetric beat release and faster mixing associated with the cavity- influenced flowfield. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Yu, KH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 26 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD NOV-DEC PY 2001 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1287 EP 1295 DI 10.2514/2.5877 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 495AA UT WOS:000172317000021 ER PT J AU Booth-Kewley, S Andrews, AM Shaffer, RA Gilman, PA Minagawa, RY Brodine, SK AF Booth-Kewley, S Andrews, AM Shaffer, RA Gilman, PA Minagawa, RY Brodine, SK TI One-year follow-up evaluation of the sexually transmitted diseases/human immunodeficiency virus intervention program in a marine corps sample SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION; AIDS-PREVENTION; HIV-INFECTION; RISK; ADOLESCENTS; STUDENTS; MEN AB Although a substantial number of studies have been conducted to evaluate the impact of various human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention programs, most of them have focused on civilian populations. There is a clear need to develop and evaluate sexually transmitted diseases (STD)/HIV prevention programs designed specifically for U.S. military populations. The objective of the present study was to determine whether a behavioral intervention known as the STD/HIV Intervention Program (SHIP) would have a sustained positive impact on the behavior of a sample of Marines. A 1-year follow-up telephone interview was administered to (1) Marines who participated in the SHIP course (intervention group), and (2) a quasi-control group of Marines who were not exposed to the SHIP course. The intervention and control groups differed significantly in the percentage of the time they had used condoms during the past year. The intervention participants reported using condoms a greater percentage of the time than the nonparticipants. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. San Diego State Fdn, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Geocenters Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Booth-Kewley, S (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 5 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 2001 VL 166 IS 11 BP 987 EP 995 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DH UT WOS:000181419600012 PM 11725329 ER PT J AU Nguyen, TQ Yee, RY Schwartz, BJ AF Nguyen, TQ Yee, RY Schwartz, BJ TI Solution processing of conjugated polymers: the effects of polymer solubility on the morphology and electronic properties of semiconducting polymer films SO JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE conjugated polymers; exciton-exciton annihilation; light-emitting diode (LED) ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; EXCITON-EXCITON ANNIHILATION; MEH-PPV; INTERCHAIN INTERACTIONS; POLY(PHENYLENE VINYLENE); STIMULATED-EMISSION; DEVICE PERFORMANCE; THIN-FILMS; AGGREGATION; LUMINESCENCE AB It is becoming increasingly clear that the electronic properties of conjugated polymers are controlled by the way the films are cast: changing the solvent, spin speed or concentration changes the film morphology and thus the performance of devices based on these materials. In this paper, we show that the way a conjugated polymer is dissolved into solution also affects the interchain interactions and electronic behavior in the resulting film. Light scattering shows that even low molecular weight samples of poly(2,5-bis[N-methyl-N-hexylamino]phenylene vinylene) (BAMH-PPV) do not completely dissolve in the good solvent o-xylene, even after stirring for 2 days. The solutions behave more as a suspension of small pieces of polymer film, showing solid-state effects such as exciton-exciton annihilation; the corresponding cast films have a rough, agglomerated morphology. Complete dissolution of the polymer can be achieved either by heating the solutions while stirring for 2 days, or by stirring at room temperature for 2 weeks. In addition to aiding dissolution, heating is found to promote interactions between conjugated polymer chains, leading to films with a higher degree of exciton-exciton annihilation and devices with higher operating currents but lower electroluminescence quantum efficiencies than films cast from solutions that were fully dissolved but not heated. All the results suggest that understanding the details of how a conjugated polymer is dissolved into solution is critical to being able to reproducibly fabricate and optimize conjugated polymer-based devices. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Chem & Mat Branch, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Schwartz, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, 405 Hilgard Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. OI Schwartz, Benjamin/0000-0003-3257-9152 NR 47 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1010-6030 J9 J PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO A JI J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem. PD OCT 31 PY 2001 VL 144 IS 1 SI SI BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1016/S1010-6030(01)00377-X PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 483VA UT WOS:000171655500004 ER PT J AU Deutschman, D Carstens, J Page, MT Klepper, R Chastain, H Sabbadini, R AF Deutschman, D Carstens, J Page, MT Klepper, R Chastain, H Sabbadini, R TI The MIRF trial: Sphingosine-1-phosphate (SIP) as a novel marker for myocardial ischemia SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 23 PY 2001 VL 104 IS 17 SU S MA 2299 BP 485 EP 485 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 487UW UT WOS:000171895002281 ER PT J AU Elson, JM AF Elson, JM TI Propagation in planar waveguides and the effects of wall roughness SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID R-MATRIX PROPAGATOR; CHANNEL WAVE-GUIDES AB We consider the propagation of guided waves in planar waveguide that has smooth walls except for finite length segment that has random roughness. Maxwell's equations re solved in the frequency domain for both TE nd TM polarization in 2-D by using modal expansion methods. Obtaining numerical solutions is facilitated by using perfectly matched boundary layers nd the R-matrix propagator. Varying lengths of roughness segments re considered nd numerical results are obtained for guided wave propagation losses due to roughness induced scattering. The roughness on each waveguide boundary is numerically generated from an assumed Gaussian power spectrum. The guided waves are excited by Gaussian beam incident on the waveguide aperture. Considerable numerical effort is given to determine the stability of the algorithm. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Sensor & Signal Sci Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Elson, JM (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Sensor & Signal Sci Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 18 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD OCT 22 PY 2001 VL 9 IS 9 BP 461 EP 475 PG 15 WC Optics SC Optics GA 484MN UT WOS:000171694300005 PM 19424364 ER PT J AU Ensign, WY Roberts, DE Castell, LM Berner, D Hudig, D Redelman, D AF Ensign, WY Roberts, DE Castell, LM Berner, D Hudig, D Redelman, D TI Variable quantitative expression of the MHC class II antigen (HLA-DR) on the immune cells of young healthy males SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 46 IS 5 MA 13 BP 316 EP 317 PG 2 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 487WW UT WOS:000171902900019 ER PT J AU Ensign, WY Roberts, DE Castel, LM Berner, D Hudig, D Redelman, D AF Ensign, WY Roberts, DE Castel, LM Berner, D Hudig, D Redelman, D TI Does an individual's quantitative immunophenotype indicate a predisposition for upper respiratory symptoms? SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PD OCT 15 PY 2001 VL 46 IS 5 MA 12 BP 316 EP 316 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 487WW UT WOS:000171902900018 ER PT J AU Nee, SMF AF Nee, SMF TI Depolarization and principal Mueller matrix measured by null ellipsometry SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID NEAR-SPECULAR SCATTERING; ERROR ANALYSIS; POLARIZATION; POLARIMETRY; REFLECTION; COMPONENTS; SURFACES; GLASS AB Methods for accurately measuring depolarization and principal Mueller matrix by null ellipsometry are devised. The measurement errors obtained with these methods are analyzed, and methods to correct for the errors are devised. The depolarization spectrum measured directly by null ellipsometry for a sapphire slab agrees excellently with the depolarization spectrum reduced indirectly from the retardance spectrum measured by rotating analyzer ellipsometry and the depolarization spectrum simulated for the retardance spread caused by a finite bandwidth of monochromator [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 17, 2067 (2001)]. The measured cross-polarized depolarization. for the sapphire slab is much smaller than the total depolarization. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr Weapons Div, Div Phys, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP USN, Air Warfare Ctr Weapons Div, Div Phys, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM neesf@navair.navy.mil NR 31 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 28 BP 4933 EP 4939 DI 10.1364/AO.40.004933 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 475ND UT WOS:000171169800002 PM 18364769 ER PT J AU Gray, GC Witucki, PJ Gould, MT Bell, SJ Hiliopoulos, KM McKeehan, JA Fuller, JM Barrozo, CP Hudspeth, MK Smith, TC Ledbetter, EK Wallace, MR AF Gray, GC Witucki, PJ Gould, MT Bell, SJ Hiliopoulos, KM McKeehan, JA Fuller, JM Barrozo, CP Hudspeth, MK Smith, TC Ledbetter, EK Wallace, MR TI Randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of oral azithromycin prophylaxis against respiratory infections in a high-risk, young adult population SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PYOGENES INFECTION; PULMONARY-EDEMA; PENICILLIN-G; US MILITARY; RESISTANCE; ERYTHROMYCIN; DISEASES; STRESS; CONSUMPTION; BENZATHINE AB Military Special Forces trainees undergo intense psychological and physical stressors that often lead to respiratory infection. During 1998-2000, 477 Navy Special Forces trainees were enrolled in a double-blind trial of oral azithromycin (1 g given weekly) plus a placebo injection, compared with benzathine penicillin G (1.2 million U) plus azithromycin placebo tablets. Among the 464 subjects with complete data, 44 developed acute respiratory infection (20 with pneumonia) during the 2 weeks of most intense training; of these subjects, 12 (27.3%) had evidence of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and 7 (15.9%) had evidence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Trainees who received azithromycin were less likely than were trainees who received benzathine penicillin G to develop acute respiratory infection (risk ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28-0.92) and less likely at the end of training to report episodes of breathing difficulty (odds ratio [OR], 0.59; 95% CI, 0.34-1.01) or sore throat (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.41-1.05). Compared with benzathine penicillin G prophylaxis, weekly oral azithromycin was superior in preventing respiratory infection in this population at transient high risk. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Navy Environm & Prevent Med Unit 5, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN, Med Clin, Naval Special Warfare Ctr, Coronado, CA USA. RP Gray, GC (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Director Code 25,POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 BP 983 EP 989 DI 10.1086/322626 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900009 PM 11528569 ER PT J AU Chun, HM Earhart, KC AF Chun, HM Earhart, KC TI Development of fasciitis following intramuscular administration of medication SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 178 BP 1118 EP 1118 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900204 ER PT J AU Earhart, KC Olson, PE Wallace, MR AF Earhart, KC Olson, PE Wallace, MR TI All pneumococcal urine antigen tests are not created equal SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Navy Environm & Prevent Med Unit 5, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 195 BP 1121 EP 1121 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900221 ER PT J AU Crum, NF Wallace, MR Kallen, A AF Crum, NF Wallace, MR Kallen, A TI Evaluation of diarrhea and malaria prevention strategies in travelers SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. UCHSC, Denver, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 252 BP 1131 EP 1131 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900278 ER PT J AU Wallace, MR Tasker, SA Earhart, KC Brandt, C Kuter, B AF Wallace, MR Tasker, SA Earhart, KC Brandt, C Kuter, B TI Hepatitis A vaccination response in HIV-infected and uninfected subjects SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Merck Res Labs, West Point, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 379 BP 1153 EP 1153 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900405 ER PT J AU Lederman, ER Driscoll, TJ Dull, M D'Antin, P Wallace, MR AF Lederman, ER Driscoll, TJ Dull, M D'Antin, P Wallace, MR TI The party's over: Food-borne illness linked to Clostridium perfringens after a Mardi Gras celebration SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 872 BP 1237 EP 1237 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900898 ER PT J AU Earhart, KC Conlin, A Crum, NF Olson, PE Robinson, TJ Ryan, M Gray, GC AF Earhart, KC Conlin, A Crum, NF Olson, PE Robinson, TJ Ryan, M Gray, GC TI Pneumococcal pneumonia outbreak in military recruits SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Navy Environm & Prevent Med Unit 5, San Diego, CA USA. Naval Hosp Cam Pendleton, Oceanside, CA USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 876 BP 1238 EP 1238 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900902 ER PT J AU Gajsek, P Hurt, WD Ziriax, JM Mason, PA AF Gajsek, P Hurt, WD Ziriax, JM Mason, PA TI Parametric dependence of SAR on permittivity values in a man model SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE dielectric values; dosimetry; electromagnetic fields (EMFs); finite-difference time-domain (FDTD); radio frequency ID DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; BIOLOGICAL SUBSTANCES; TISSUES AB The development and widespread use of advanced three-dimensional digital anatomical models to calculate specific absorption rate (SAR) values in biological material has resulted in the need to understand how model parameters (e.g., permittivity value) affect the predicted whole-body and localized SAR values. The application of the man dosimetry model requires that permittivity values (dielectric value and conductivity) be allocated to the various tissues at all the frequencies to which the model will be exposed. In the 3-mm-resolution man model, the permittivity values for all 39 tissue-types were altered simultaneously for each orientation and applied frequency. In addition, permittivity values for muscle, fat, skin, and bone marrow were manipulated independently. The finite-difference time-domain code was used to predict localized and whole-body normalized SAR values. The model was processed in the far-field conditions at the resonant frequency (70 MHz) and above (200,400,918, and 2060 MHz) for E orientation. In addition, other orientations (K, H) of the model to the incident fields were used where no substantial resonant frequency exists. Variability in permittivity values did not substantially influence whole-body SAR values, while localized SAR values for individual tissues were substantially affected by these changes. Changes in permittivity had greatest effect on localized SAR values when they were low compare to the whole-body SAR value or when errors involved tissues that represent a substantial proportion of the body mass (i.e., muscle). Furthermore, we establish the partial derivative of whole-body and localized SAR values with respect to the dielectric value and conductivity for muscle independently. It was shown that uncertainties in dielectric value or conductivity do not substantially influence normalized whole-body SAR. Detailed investigation on localized SAR ratios showed that conductivity presents a more substantial factor in absorption of energy in tissues than dielectric value for almost all applied exposure conditions. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Bioeffects Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. Trinity Univ, Dept Biol, San Antonio, TX 78212 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP USAF, Res Lab, Directed Energy Bioeffects Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. EM patrick.mason@brooks.af.mil NR 22 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9294 EI 1558-2531 J9 IEEE T BIO-MED ENG JI IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 48 IS 10 BP 1169 EP 1177 DI 10.1109/10.951520 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 473ZT UT WOS:000171080300013 PM 11585041 ER PT J AU Borden, B AF Borden, B TI Radar scattering centre localization by subspace fitting SO INVERSE PROBLEMS LA English DT Article AB The application of radar data to the problem of non-cooperative target recognition (NCTR) usually begins by estimating the position and strength of the significant scattering centres from the bright spot locations of a radar image (e.g., high range resolution or inverse synthetic aperture radar). In practical situations, these images are usually contaminated by noise and can be of very low quality resolution-factors that confound the scattering centre localization process and can preclude NCTR by radar means. We describe a simple method, based on subspace fitting techniques, that can be applied to the position and strength estimation problem in this environment. The scheme is robust against noise corruption and allows for super-resolved estimates of all (or some) of the scatterers. Examples based on synthetic data are presented. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Borden, B (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0266-5611 J9 INVERSE PROBL JI Inverse Probl. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 17 IS 5 BP 1483 EP 1491 DI 10.1088/0266-5611/17/5/316 PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 487HT UT WOS:000171869300016 ER PT J AU Stout, PR Horn, CK Klette, KL AF Stout, PR Horn, CK Klette, KL TI Solid-phase extraction and GC-MS analysis of THC-COOH method optimized for a high-throughput forensic drug-testing laboratory SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID URINE; SPECIMENS; ACID C1 USN, Drug Screening Lab, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. RP Stout, PR (reprint author), USN, Drug Screening Lab, Naval Air Stn, POB 113,Bldg H-2033, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. NR 10 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 3 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 25 IS 7 BP 550 EP 554 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 478JY UT WOS:000171344300010 PM 11599598 ER PT J AU Schrand, JR AF Schrand, JR TI Statistics SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Schrand, JR (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 166 IS 10 BP 842 EP 842 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DG UT WOS:000181419500006 ER PT J AU Hyams, KC Smith, TC Riddle, J Trump, DH Gray, G AF Hyams, KC Smith, TC Riddle, J Trump, DH Gray, G TI Viral hepatitis in the US military: A study of hospitalization records from 1974 to 1999 SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES-NAVY; C VIRUS-INFECTION; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS-INFECTION; RISK-FACTORS; TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; SOLDIERS AB Viral hepatitis remains a health threat for military forces. Most recently, there has been concern about hepatitis C virus transmission during military service because a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection has been found in some U.S. veteran populations. In this study, hospitalizations of active duty U.S. military personnel for hepatitis were evaluated using standardized computer records. Only the first hospitalization was assessed during the period January 1, 1989, to December 31, 1999. Among active duty forces, the rate of hospitalization for all types of acute hepatitis declined from 13 to 1.1 per 100,000 personnel from 1989 to 1999. Males, nonwhite racial/ethnic groups, and older troops were more likely to be hospitalized for acute hepatitis. This study's finding of declining rates of acute hepatitis is a continuation of a trend observed since 1974. The decreasing risk of viral hepatitis in the U.S. military is attributable to several factors, including reduced levels of injection drug use because of routine, randomized drug testing. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Silver Spring, MD USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Pentagon, Off Assistant Secretary Def Hlth Affairs, Washington, DC USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Hyams, KC (reprint author), POB 425, Rockville, MD 20848 USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 166 IS 10 BP 862 EP 865 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DG UT WOS:000181419500010 PM 11603235 ER PT J AU Kaufman, JW AF Kaufman, JW TI Estimated ventilation requirements for personal air-cooling systems SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE air conditioning; air cooling; evaporative cooling; heat stress; temperature; ventilation ID HEAT STRAIN; TEMPERATURE AB Background: Individuals wearing encapsulating garments require auxiliary cooling systems to sustain physical and cognitive performance when exposed to high temperatures or workloads. Heat transfer in such cooling systems is typically based on either air or liquid as the heat exchange medium. Designing air-cooled systems requires knowledge of the quantity of heat to be extracted and cooling system design criteria, inlet air temperature and humidity and ventilation rates. Methods: This paper addresses this issue by viewing the human as a simple time averaged heat source whose temperature must be maintained within a specified range. Integrating heat production over time permits heat extraction to be separated from physiological thermoregulation. Results and Conclusions: Framing physical workload and ambient conditions in terms of military relevant scenarios for rear cabin helicopter aircrew (25 yr old male working at 45% Vo(2)max), families of curves were identified that define air conditioning system design criteria for given conditions. C1 USN, Environm Physiol & Human Performance Lab, Crew Syst Engn Dept, Air Warfare Ctr,Aircraft Div,S Engn Ctr Crew Syst, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Kaufman, JW (reprint author), USN, Environm Physiol & Human Performance Lab, Crew Syst Engn Dept, Air Warfare Ctr,Aircraft Div,S Engn Ctr Crew Syst, Bldg 2187 Suite 2280,48110 Shaw Rd Unit 5, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 72 IS 9 BP 842 EP 847 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 468RF UT WOS:000170771400013 PM 11565822 ER PT J AU Gillespie, DT Alltop, WO Martin, JM AF Gillespie, DT Alltop, WO Martin, JM TI Modeling quantum measurement probability as a classical stochastic process SO CHAOS LA English DT Article ID MARKOV PROCESS; MECHANICS CANNOT; DYNAMICS; STATE AB The time-dependent measurement probabilities for the simple two-state quantum oscillator seem to invite description as a classical two-state stochastic process. It has been shown that such a description cannot be achieved using a Markov process. Constructing a more general non-Markov process is a challenging task, requiring as it does the proper generalizations of the Markovian Chapman-Kolmogorov and master equations. Here we describe those non-Markovian generalizations in some detail, and we then apply them to the two-state quantum oscillator. We devise two non-Markovian processes that correctly model the measurement statistics of the oscillator, we clarify a third modeling process that was proposed earlier by others, and we exhibit numerical simulations of all three processes. Our results illuminate some interesting though widely unappreciated points in the theory of non-Markovian stochastic processes. But since quantum theory does not tell us which one of these quite different modeling processes "really" describes the behavior of the oscillator, and also since none of these processes says anything about the dynamics of other (noncommuting) oscillator observables, we can see no justification for regarding any of these processes as being fundamentally descriptive of quantum dynamics. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN, Res Dept, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Gillespie, DT (reprint author), USN, Res Dept, Air Warfare Ctr, Mail Code 4T4100D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD SEP PY 2001 VL 11 IS 3 BP 548 EP 562 DI 10.1063/1.1378791 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 469EC UT WOS:000170800800013 ER PT J AU Corwin, HL Gettinger, A Rodriguez, RM Pearl, RG Gubler, KD Enny, C Colton, T Corwin, MJ AF Corwin, HL Gettinger, A Rodriguez, RM Pearl, RG Gubler, KD Enny, C Colton, T Corwin, MJ TI Efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin in the critically ill patient: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (Reprinted from Critical Care Medicine, vol 27, pg 2346-2350, 1999) SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Reprint DE erythropoietin; anemia; blood transfusion; transfusion medicine; blood substitutes; critical care; intensive care unit ID BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; COSTS AB Objective: To determine whether the administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) to critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) would reduce the number of red blood cell (ROC) transfusions required. Design: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Setting: ICUs at three academic tertiary care medical centers. Patients: A total of 160 patients who were admitted to the ICU and met the eligibility criteria were enrolled in the study (80 into the rHuEPO group; 80 into the placebo group). Interventions: Patients were randomized to receive either rHuEPO or placebo. The study drug (300 units/kg of rHuEPO or placebo) was administered by subcutaneous injection beginning ICU day 3 and continuing daily for a total of 5 days (until ICU day 7). The subsequent dosing schedule was every other day to achieve a hematocrit (Hct) concentration of >38%. The study drug was given for a minimum of 2 wks or until ICU discharge (for subjects with ICU lengths of stay >2 wks) up to a total of 6 wks (42 days) postrandomization. Measurements and Main Results: The cumulative number of units of RBCs transfused was significantly less in the rHuEPO group than in the placebo group (p <.002, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test). The rHuEPO group was transfused with a total of 166 units of RBCs vs. 305 units of RBCs transfused in the placebo group. The final Hct concentration of the rHuEPO patients was significantly greater than the final Hct concentration of placebo patients (35.1 +/- 5.6 vs. 31.6 +/- 4.1; p <.01, respectively). A total of 45% of patients in the rHuEPO group received a blood transfusion between days 8 and 42 or died before study day 42 compared with 55% of patients in the placebo group (relative risk, 0.8; 95% confidence interval, 0.6, 1.1). There were no significant differences between the two groups either in mortality or in the frequency of adverse events. Conclusions: The administration of rHuEPO to critically ill patients is effective in raising their Hct concentrations and in reducing the total number of units of RBCs they require. C1 Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Crit Care Med, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Anesthesiol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Ortho Biotech, Raritan, NJ USA. Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. RP Corwin, HL (reprint author), Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Crit Care Med, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 29 IS 9 SU S BP S201 EP S205 DI 10.1097/00003246-200109001-00011 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 473NT UT WOS:000171051000011 ER PT J AU Hennessy, MB Deak, T Schiml-Webb, PA AF Hennessy, MB Deak, T Schiml-Webb, PA TI Stress-induced sickness behaviors: An alternative hypothesis for responses during maternal separation SO DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE maternal separation; isolation; acute phase response; sickness behaviors; despair; depression; immune response; cytokines; corticotropin-releasing factor; guinea pig ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE; GUINEA-PIG PUPS; PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; MAJOR DEPRESSION; INTERLEUKIN-1-BETA PROTEIN; METALLOTHIONEIN INDUCTION; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BIPOLAR DISORDER AB During maternal separation, some primate and nonprimate species show a biphasic (active/passive) response. The second stage is characterized by reduced activity a hunched body posture, and other behaviors. Traditionally, the second stage has been referred to as "despair" and is considered an animal model for human depression. Recent research in psychoneuroimmunology suggests an alternative hypothesis-that behaviors occurring during the second passive phase represent stress-induced "sickness behaviors." This perspective more readily accounts for findings in widely divergent species', does not require assumptions regarding the ability to express complex emotional states, is empirically testable, and aligns the separation model with recent hypotheses regarding the nature and ontogeny of depressive illness. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Wright State Univ, Dept Psychol, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Hennessy, MB (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Psychol, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. NR 80 TC 32 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0012-1630 J9 DEV PSYCHOBIOL JI Dev. Psychobiol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 39 IS 2 BP 76 EP 83 DI 10.1002/dev.1031 PG 8 WC Developmental Biology; Psychology SC Developmental Biology; Psychology GA 470GX UT WOS:000170863500002 PM 11568877 ER PT J AU Holmes, JJ AF Holmes, JJ TI Theoretical development of laboratory techniques for magnetic measurement of large objects SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation (CEFC) CY JUN 04-07, 2000 CL MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN SP IEEE DE boundary conditions; gradiometers; magnetic calibration facility; prolate spheroidal moments AB Equations that relate magnetic gradiometric measurements over a closed surface to the prolate spheroidal multipole moments of an object can be used to remove the uniform inducing field of a magnetic calibration facility's coil system, along with the Earth's background field, from the signature of a large test object without requiring it to be moved. This paper presents an example that shows how the equations can be used to determine the optimum number, orientation, and position of gradiometers for accurate extrapolation of the object's field signatures. In addition, it gives generalized boundary conditions that guarantee unique extrapolations of magnetic field, up to an additive constant, from a closed measurement surface instrumented only with gradiometers. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Holmes, JJ (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 37 IS 5 BP 3790 EP 3797 DI 10.1109/20.952746 PN 2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 478BB UT WOS:000171322100003 ER PT J AU Hammond, RT Meier, B Atkins, S Davis, J Bobb, L AF Hammond, RT Meier, B Atkins, S Davis, J Bobb, L TI Ultralow frequency waves and total electron content fluctuations SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PULSATIONS; MICROPULSATIONS; MAGNETOSPHERE; IONOSPHERE AB Low frequency electromagnetic waves in the ionosphere are examined, and we calculate the refraction angles and other properties as these waves propagate through the ionosphere. The correlation to fluctuations in the total electron content is derived, and the results are compared to observed results. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Phys, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Hammond, RT (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Phys, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 2001 VL 90 IS 5 BP 2582 EP 2590 DI 10.1063/1.1380999 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 465MZ UT WOS:000170593900074 ER PT J AU Hudspeth, MK Smith, TC Barrozo, CP Hawksworth, AW Ryan, MAK Gray, GC AF Hudspeth, MK Smith, TC Barrozo, CP Hawksworth, AW Ryan, MAK Gray, GC CA Streptococcus pneumoniae Surveilla TI National Department of Defense Surveillance for invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae: Antibiotic resistance, serotype distribution, and arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction analyses SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Microbiology CY MAY 21-25, 2000 CL LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Microbiol ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; UNITED-STATES; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; PNEUMOCOCCI; EFFICACY; VACCINE AB To provide surveillance among US military personnel and their beneficiaries, 157 invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates were collected systematically from 7 large military hospitals between August 1997 and August 1999. The isolates were studied for antibiotic resistance, and 120 were serotyped and subjected to arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR). Fifty (31.9%) of 157 isolates had intermediate or high-level resistance to penicillin, and 15.9% had multidrug resistance. The most common serotypes were 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 19F, and 23F. Those serotypes associated with penicillin resistance were 6B, 9V, 19A, and 19F. Most invasive disease cases were caused by serotypes included in the currently available 23- and 7-valent pneumococcal vaccines. By use of AP-PCR, 4 DNA groups were correlated with health care site (P less than or equal to .0001). These results are valuable in assessing appropriate use of antibiotics and vaccines against S. pneumoniae in both military personnel and their families. C1 Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Hudspeth, MK (reprint author), Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2001 VL 184 IS 5 BP 591 EP 596 DI 10.1086/322786 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 462PR UT WOS:000170429400010 PM 11474429 ER PT J AU Gray, GC Ryan, MAK AF Gray, GC Ryan, MAK TI Azithromycin chemoprophylaxis SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY-DISEASE C1 USN, Resp Dis Lab, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res,Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Gray, GC (reprint author), Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 2800 Steindler Bldg, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2001 VL 184 IS 5 BP 657 EP 657 DI 10.1086/322797 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 462PR UT WOS:000170429400021 PM 11494171 ER PT J AU White, JW Merrill, LL Koss, MP AF White, JW Merrill, LL Koss, MP TI Predictors of premilitary courtship violence in a navy recruit sample SO JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE LA English DT Article ID SEXUAL AGGRESSION; DATING RELATIONSHIPS; PHYSICAL AGGRESSION; NEWLYWED COUPLES; MARITAL-CONFLICT; STUDENTS; ALCOHOL; WOMEN; PREVALENCE; BEHAVIOR AB Research on intimate partner (1P) aggression was extended to premilitary experiences off violence among U.S. Navy recruits. Riggs and O'Leary's (1989) model of courtship aggression was examined separately for men (N = 1,307) and women (N 1, 477). A test was conducted of the F-M model using participant gender along with the significant variables from the initial analyses and the interaction of gender with each of these variables. Situational components explained more variance than did the background components. For women and men, the amount of variance accounted for was almost tripled after the addition of the situational factors. Partner aggression contributed to a substantial increase in the amount of variance. Partners verbal aggression was the single best predictor of aggression, and partner's physical aggression was the second-best predictor. The situational component substantially increased the predictive power of the model. The results support the validity of the Riggs and O'Leary model. C1 Univ N Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Arizona, Coll Publ Hlth, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP White, JW (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA. NR 50 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0886-2605 J9 J INTERPERS VIOLENCE JI J. Interpers. Violence PD SEP PY 2001 VL 16 IS 9 BP 910 EP 927 DI 10.1177/088626001016009004 PG 18 WC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology, Applied SC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology GA 461AQ UT WOS:000170343100004 ER PT J AU Freeman, K LaFleur, BJ Booth, J Doyle, EJ Pugh, WM AF Freeman, K LaFleur, BJ Booth, J Doyle, EJ Pugh, WM TI Why federal agencies should estimate their long-term occupational injury and illness costs SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE occupational injuries and illnesses; safety; costs; workers' compensation; federal agencies; incidence approach; incidence-based costs; prevalence-based costs ID UNITED-STATES AB Problem: The U.S. government's annual workers' compensation tab for work-related injuries and illnesses incurred by its civilian labor force has been substantial, totaling US$2 billion in 2000. To control these costs, federal agencies rely primarily on annual or prevalence-based cost accounting to evaluate the effectiveness of injury prevention efforts. Since most of the annual bill is for the older, persistent and costlier cases, this approach may obscure recent safety trends and can lead to faulty assumptions. Solution: Researchers analyzed Department of the Navy workers' compensation costs using an incidence-based approach. This method considers only new injuries and illnesses occurring in a given year and projects their likely course, duration, and long-term associated costs, providing the truest measure of the costs of that year's operation. Discussion: We trace the history of workers' compensation cost estimation in the federal government, discuss the drawbacks of using annual instead of projected long-term costs to evaluate work site prevention and control efforts, present health economics and insurance industry alternatives, and make a case for adopting an incidence approach. Impact on Government and Industry: The incidence approach promotes fiscal accountability and cost containment in both public and private sectors, allowing managers to accurately evaluate the impact of prevention and return-to-work programs. By identifying the actual costs of new mishaps, this technique allows organizations to hold managers accountable for the costs incurred specifically during their tenure and is the most suitable technique for assessing performance. (C) 2001 National Safety Council and Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Div Biostat, Nashville, TN USA. W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Freeman, K (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD FAL PY 2001 VL 32 IS 3 BP 277 EP 287 DI 10.1016/S0022-4375(01)00051-2 PG 11 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 505CL UT WOS:000172893700002 ER PT J AU Freeman, K LaFleur, BJ Booth, J Doyle, EJ Pugh, WM AF Freeman, K LaFleur, BJ Booth, J Doyle, EJ Pugh, WM TI An actuarial method for estimating the long-term, incidence-based costs of Navy civilian occupational injuries and illnesses SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE occupational injuries and illnesses; safety; costs; workers' compensation; occupational health and safety; actuarial model; incidence approach; incidence-based costs; prevalence-based costs AB Problem: Federal agencies primarily depend on summary figures presented in their annual workers' compensation bill to assess current safety and cost containment efforts at their facilities. These figures represent payments for a mix of active cases originating in different prior accident years and can confound this assessment. Method: An incidence-based approach can be used to analyze data in a manner reflecting contemporary rather than historical losses. We describe such an approach - an actuarial method developed for the U.S. Navy to estimate the long-term costs associated with civilian workforce injuries and illnesses sustained at Navy facilities. To project costs, we reorganized case records by accident year to provide payment histories, then applied a series of actuarial models similar to those used in the insurance industry to project future payments. Discussion: A review of incidence-based methods and the "bottom-up" analytical approach employed for this project is presented. We outline the procedures used to build the database, establish accident year cohorts, classify cases, and develop the projection factors necessary to project long-term costs. Impact on Government and Industry: While an incidence-based approach can be considerably more labor intensive than its prevalence-based counterpart, important benefits accrue from having accurate cost information available. Substantial savings are possible if serious cases can be prevented or identified early enough to permit effective use of intervention strategies such as return-to-work or light-duty assignments. With this approach, organizations can isolate current from historical losses to support fiscal responsibility and accountability, and a full spectrum of cost containment strategies. (C) 2001 National Safety Council and Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Div Biostat, Nashville, TN USA. W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Freeman, K (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD FAL PY 2001 VL 32 IS 3 BP 289 EP 297 DI 10.1016/S0022-4375(01)00050-0 PG 9 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 505CL UT WOS:000172893700003 ER PT J AU Gray, GC Schultz, RG Gackstetter, GD McKeehan, JA Aldridge, KV Hudspeth, MK Malasig, MD Fuller, JM McBride, WZ AF Gray, GC Schultz, RG Gackstetter, GD McKeehan, JA Aldridge, KV Hudspeth, MK Malasig, MD Fuller, JM McBride, WZ TI Prospective study of respiratory infections at the US Naval Academy SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases CY JUL 16-19, 2000 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP Ctr Dis Control & Prevent ID MYCOPLASMA-PNEUMONIAE; MARINE-CORPS; CHLAMYDIA-PNEUMONIAE; MILITARY TRAINEES; PENICILLIN-G; DISEASE; ADENOVIRUS; PROPHYLAXIS; BENZATHINE; EPIDEMICS AB Midshipmen at the U.S. Naval Academy have recently suffered epidemics of upper respiratory tract infections. Seeking to determine cause, in June 1998 we enrolled 1,243 (99.5%) of 1,249 new midshipmen (plebes) and followed them during their first 11 months of training. Eighty-five plebes sought medical attention for acute respiratory disease. Using culture, serologic studies, and polymerase chain reaction, considerable evidence for respiratory pathogen infection was found among the ill subjects: Chlamydia pneumoniae in 41 (52.6%), Mycoplasma pneumoniae in 19 (25.3%), influenza in 11 (14.2%), Streptococcus pneumoniae in 6 (7.3%), and adenovirus in 1 (1.2%). Additionally, 873 (81%) the 1,077 plebes who completed an end-of-year questionnaire complained of having one or more respiratory symptoms (>12 hours) during their first year of school. Of these, 132 (15%) reported that the symptoms significantly affected their performance. Study results suggest that respiratory infections were frequent, had a significant adverse impact on training, and were often attributable to bacterial pathogens. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. USN, Med Clin, Annapolis, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USN, Bur Med & Surg, Washington, DC USA. RP Gray, GC (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 166 IS 9 BP 759 EP 763 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DF UT WOS:000181419400009 PM 11569436 ER PT J AU Larson, GE Booth-Kewlpy, S Merrill, LL Stander, VA AF Larson, GE Booth-Kewlpy, S Merrill, LL Stander, VA TI Physical symptoms as indicators of depression and anxiety SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the International-Military-Testing-Association CY NOV, 2000 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND SP Int Military Testing Assoc ID HEALTH AB Psychological problems are the single most common reason for attrition from U.S. Navy basic training. A contributing factor is that, although military entrance processing station physicians assess numerous aspects of physical health, there is little rigor behind attempts to identify psychological disorders. In the present study, we highlight previous research indicating that patterns of physical health symptoms can provide a gauge of psychological dysfunction. We also report significant relationships between physical symptoms, anxiety, and depression in a sample of more than 2,000 sailors. Therefore, given the links between physical symptoms and psychological problems, it may be feasible for physicians who screen military applicants to use routinely gathered physical health information as part of an improved system to detect psychological disorders. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Larson, GE (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 166 IS 9 BP 796 EP 799 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DF UT WOS:000181419400017 PM 11569444 ER PT J AU Ryan, MAK Gray, GC Malasig, MD Binn, LN Asher, LV Cute, D Kehl, SC Dunn, BE Yund, AJ AF Ryan, MAK Gray, GC Malasig, MD Binn, LN Asher, LV Cute, D Kehl, SC Dunn, BE Yund, AJ TI Two fatal cases of adenovirus-related illness in previously healthy young adults - Illinois, 2000 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 50, pg 553, 2001) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Naval Hosp, Great Lakes, IL USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Froedtert Mem Lutheran Hosp, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Clement J Zablocki Med Ctr, Milwaukee, WI USA. USN, Bur Med & Surg, Washington, DC USA. CDC, Resp & Enter Viruses Br, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ryan, MAK (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 1 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 15 PY 2001 VL 286 IS 7 BP 782 EP 783 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 462PU UT WOS:000170429600010 ER PT J AU Guenthner, AJ Kyu, T AF Guenthner, AJ Kyu, T TI Pattern formation during solidification of polymer nanofibers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Chem & Mat Div, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Univ Akron, Inst Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 222 MA 333-PMSE BP U391 EP U391 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 467EU UT WOS:000170690102204 ER PT J AU Ryan, MAK Christian, RS Wohlrabe, J AF Ryan, MAK Christian, RS Wohlrabe, J TI Handwashing and respiratory illness among young adults in military training SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE handwashing; infection control; military hygiene; respiratory tract infections ID US MILITARY; ABSENTEEISM; INFECTIONS; DISEASES; VACCINES AB Objectives: In response to increasing concerns about respiratory illness in military recruits, a simple handwashing program was developed and evaluated at a large Navy training center. Methods: Clinical records from 1996 through 1998 were reviewed to determine weekly rates of respiratory illness before and after program implementation (1,089,800 person-weeks reviewed). A supplemental sun ey was given to a sample of recruits to assess self-reported respiratory illness and compliance with the handwashing program. Results: A 45% reduction in total outpatient visits for respiratory illness was observed after implementation of the handwashing program. No change was noted in hospitalization rates for respiratory illness, which remained low during the observation period. Survey data supported clinical observations, as frequent handwashers self-reported fewer respiratory illness episodes when compared to infrequent handwashers. Surveys also revealed challenges with handwashing compliance. Conclusions: Implementation of a handwashing program in this population of healthy young adults was associated with a marked reduction in outpatient visits for respiratory illness. Despite its success, maintenance of the handwashing program has been challenging in the time-constrained setting of military training. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Ryan, MAK (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Code 25,POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 33 TC 104 Z9 109 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 21 IS 2 BP 79 EP 83 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(01)00323-3 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 455FE UT WOS:000170016200001 PM 11457626 ER PT J AU Woodmansee, DP Simon, RA AF Woodmansee, DP Simon, RA TI Zileuton and atopic dermatitis - Reply SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Allergy Immunol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Scripps Clin, Div Allergy Asthma Immunol, La Jolla, CA USA. RP Woodmansee, DP (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Allergy Immunol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 87 IS 2 BP 162 EP 163 PG 2 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 466NC UT WOS:000170650800015 ER PT J AU Shender, BS AF Shender, BS TI Human tolerance to Gz acceleration loads generated in high-performance helicopters SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Aerospace-Medical-Association CY MAY 17-21, 1998 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Aerosp Med Assoc DE helicopters; G-tolerance; cardiovascular; Almost Loss of Consciousness; flight simulation; Gz transition ID AIRCREW AB Background. As the Gz capabilities of tactical helicopters increase, the risk to unprotected helicopter aircrew resulting from the physiologic response to transitions from -1 Gz (push) to +4.5 Gz (pull) loads needs to be addressed. Methods: There were 9 volunteers who participated in a study conducted at the Veridian Operations Centrifuge Facility in Warminster, PA. A 1-h mission scenario consisting of nine helicopter maneuvers, based on inflight G measurements (push-pull mission, PPM), simulated both current (CM: -0.2 to +3.5 Gz) and projected future platform capabilities (FM: -1 Cz to +4.5 Gz). Additional scenarios were run in which push transitions were limited to +1 Gz (GM). Measurements included blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), loss of vision, and subjective fatigue. Results: Visual decrements were minimal during CM while muscular tensing was required to avoid blackout during FM. Light loss typically occurred during the transition from -Gz to +Gz. Within the scope of these tests, subjects tolerated the range of Gz stresses associated with current U.S. Navy rotary wing platforms. When subjected to FM G-loads (typical of current U.S, Army high-performance platforms), cardiovascular stress significantly increased, Gz tolerance dropped as much as 1.2 G, and HR increased as much as 67 bpm. Cardiovascular changes were significantly greater during FM PPM relative to GM. Four subjects reported Almost-Loss of Consciousness (A-LOC) symptoms during FM. Conclusions: While G-stress experienced by aircrew generated by current helicopters does not appear to present a high risk, G-awareness training is recommended to reduce risks to aircrew exposed to G-loads generated by more aggressive helicopters. Future studies are required to determine the impact of longer mission times and dehydration. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, S Engn Ctr,Crew Syst Dept, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Shender, BS (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, S Engn Ctr,Crew Syst Dept, Bldg 2187 Suite 2280,48110 Shaw Rd Unit 5, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM ShenderBS@navair.navy.mil NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 72 IS 8 BP 693 EP 703 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 459JQ UT WOS:000170247600001 PM 11506230 ER PT J AU Malasig, MD Goswami, PR Crawford-Miksza, LK Schnurr, DP Gray, GC AF Malasig, MD Goswami, PR Crawford-Miksza, LK Schnurr, DP Gray, GC TI Simplified microneutralization test for serotyping adenovirus isolates SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; MILITARY; INFECTIONS; VACCINES AB A simplified microneutralization procedure is described that uses an empirically determined virus challenge dose, a single dilution of antiserum, and observation of cytopathic effect to determine the adenovirus serotype. The simplified test has faster turnaround time and was 96% concordant with a confirmatory test using serial dilutions of type-specific sera. This method will find utility in high-volume serotyping work. C1 USN, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, Richmond, CA USA. RP Malasig, MD (reprint author), USN, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 7 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 39 IS 8 BP 2984 EP 2986 DI 10.1128/JCM.39.8.2984-2986.2001 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 459HT UT WOS:000170245500042 PM 11474029 ER PT J AU Rossi, J Ritchie, GD McInturf, S Nordholm, AF AF Rossi, J Ritchie, GD McInturf, S Nordholm, AF TI Reduction of motor seizures in rats induced by the ethyl bicyclophosphate trimethylolpropane phosphate (TMPP) SO PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Review DE anticonvulsants; bridged organophosphate; cage convulsant; ethyl bicyclophosphate; GABA; glutamate; rats; motor seizures; trimethylolpropane phosphate ID BICYCLIC PHOSPHORUS ESTERS; ABSENCE SEIZURES; SOCIAL-BEHAVIOR; GABA; TOXICITY; CHROMATOGRAPHY; INSECTICIDES; INHIBITION; CONVULSANT; TIAGABINE AB 1. Trimethylolpropane phosphate (TMPP) is a potent cage convulsant, reported to act through binding to the picrotoxinin and/or benzodiazepine receptor sites of the gamma-aminobutyricA (GABA(A)) ionophore complex. 2. Adult male Fischer-344 rats were pretreated by intraperitoneal (ip) injection with either diazepam (DZP) [0.5-5.0 mg/kg], Phenobarbital (PB) [5-20 mg/kg], dizocilpine maleate (MK-801) [0.5-3.0 mg/kg], Tiagabine (TGB) [0.5-5.0 mg/kg], 6,7-dinitro-quinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX), [5-20 mg/kg], or scopolamine [SCP] (0.25-1.0 mg/kg) 30 min prior to ip injection with a convulsive dose of TMPP (0.6 mg/kg). 3. Rats were rated for occurrence of convulsive activity for 120 min post-injection. Time From TMPP injection to observation of subclinical seizures, generalized (tonic-clonic) seizures, and lethality was rated for each pretreatment group. 4. In general, DZP = PB > TGB in reduction of TMPP subclinical and/or clinical seizures. MK-801, at dose levels inducing near sedation, was also effective in modulation of TMPP-induced seizures. SCP or DNQX were generally ineffective in reducing or eliminating TMPP-induced seizures. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Neurobehav Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Ritchie, GD (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Neurobehav Effects Lab, 2612 5th St,Bldg 433, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-5846 J9 PROG NEURO-PSYCHOPH JI Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry PD AUG PY 2001 VL 25 IS 6 BP 1323 EP 1340 DI 10.1016/S0278-5846(01)00182-8 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 445VM UT WOS:000169479300010 PM 11474848 ER PT J AU Gillespie, DT AF Gillespie, DT TI Approximate accelerated stochastic simulation of chemically reacting systems SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EQUATION AB The stochastic simulation algorithm (SSA) is an essentially exact procedure for numerically simulating the time evolution of a well-stirred chemically reacting system. Despite recent major improvements in the efficiency of the SSA, its drawback remains the great amount of computer time that is often required to simulate a desired amount of system time. Presented here is the "tau -leap" method, an approximate procedure that in some circumstances can produce significant gains in simulation speed with acceptable losses in accuracy. Some primitive strategies for control parameter selection and error mitigation for the tau -leap method are described, and simulation results for two simple model systems are exhibited. With further refinement, the tau -leap method should provide a viable way of segueing from the exact SSA to the approximate chemical Langevin equation, and thence to the conventional deterministic reaction rate equation, as the system size becomes larger. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Gillespie, DT (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Dept Res, Code 4T4100D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 12 TC 779 Z9 799 U1 9 U2 60 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 22 PY 2001 VL 115 IS 4 BP 1716 EP 1733 DI 10.1063/1.1378322 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 451JY UT WOS:000169800000010 ER PT J AU Rossi, J Nordholm, AF Carpenter, RL Ritchie, GD Malcomb, W AF Rossi, J Nordholm, AF Carpenter, RL Ritchie, GD Malcomb, W TI Effects of repeated exposure of rats to JP-5 or JP-8 jet fuel vapor on neurobehavioral capacity and neurotransmitter levels SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A LA English DT Article ID PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; FISCHER-344 RATS; TERM EXPOSURE; SUBSTANCE-P; IN-VIVO; TOLUENE; WORKERS; DOPAMINE; STRIATUM AB The U.S. Naval Service is anticipating transition from the nearly exclusive use of JP-5 jet fuel to predominant use of JP-8, consistent with the primary utilization by the U.S. Army, U.S. Air Force, and the militaries of most NATO countries. To compare the relative risk of repeated exposure to JP-5 versus JP-8 vapor, groups of 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats each were exposed for 6 h/d, 5 d/wk for 6 wk (180 h) to JP-8 jet fuel vapor (1000 +/- 10% mg/m(3)), JP-5 vapor (1200 +/- 10% mg/m(3)), or room air control conditions. Following a 65-d rest period, rats completed 10 tests selected from the Neurobehavioral Toxicity Assessment Battery (NTAB) to evaluate changes in performance capacity. Repeated exposure to JP-5 resulted in significant effects on only one test, forelimb grip strength (FGS), while exposure to JP-8 vapor resulted in a significant difference versus controls on appetitive reinforcer approach sensitization (ARAS). Rats were further evaluated for concentrations of major neurotransmitters and metabolites in five brain regions and in the blood serum. Levels of dopamine, the dopamine metabolite dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), and the serotonin metabolite homovanillic acid (HVA) were significant ly modulated in various brain regions, as measured 85+ d postexposure. Similarly, serum levels of the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were differentially modulated following JP-8 or JP-5 exposure. Results are compared to previously published research evaluating the neurotoxicity of repeated exposure to other hydrocarbon fuels and solvents. C1 USN, Neurobehav Effects Lab, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. ManTech Environm Serv, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Ritchie, GD (reprint author), NRHC TD, 2612 5th St,Bldg 433, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 77 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 1528-7394 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. TOXICOL. ENV. HEALTH PT A PD JUL 20 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 6 BP 397 EP 428 DI 10.1080/152873901300343452 PG 32 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 456MR UT WOS:000170087000001 PM 11482797 ER PT J AU Bekkedal, MYV Ritchie, GD Rossi, J AF Bekkedal, MYV Ritchie, GD Rossi, J TI Behavioral sensitization following exposure to low doses of trimethylolpropane phosphate SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Toxicology and Risk Assessment Approaches for the 21st Century CY APR 10-13, 2000 CL KINGS ISL, OHIO SP Tri Serv USAF, USA, USN Toxicol, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, US EPA, ATSDR, Div Toxicol, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Natl Res Council, Natl Acad Sci DE appetitive reinforcer; TMPP; convulsant; behavioral disinhibition; reinforcement ID MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; RAT SOCIAL-BEHAVIOR; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; AMPHETAMINE; EXPRESSION; FACILITATION; TRANSMISSION; COCAINE; STRESS AB Behavioral sensitization is commonly studied within the context of drugs known to directly increase activity in the brain's dopamine system, particularly drugs of abuse. However, the present research suggests such behavioral changes can also be observed following exposure to other compounds that indirectly affect the dopamine system. One such compound is trimethylolpropane phosphate (TMPP), a bridged organophosphate that can be produced by the partial pyrolysis of certain synthetic lubricants used on military ships and aircraft. Although TMPP is a potent convulsant, it has been demonstrated that treatment with doses below seizure threshold results in long-term behavioral sensitization. The effect has been demonstrated with a number of neurobehavioral endpoints, particularly those assessing appetitive responding. More specifically, sensitization has been observed in acquisition of schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP), appetitive reinforcer approach sensitization (ARAS) and social interaction as measured in neonatal ultrasonic vocalizations, juvenile play and adult conspecific approach. Overall, the rats demonstrated a heightened appetitive response pattern. More specifically, TMPP reliably reduced the number of SIP sessions necessary to induce asymptotic drinking level and increased the time spent investigating (sniffing) a food reinforcer as measured in the ARAS task. Specific effects of TMPP on social interaction were an increase in ultrasonic vocalizations when the neonate was isolated from the dam and littermates and an increase in both measures of juvenile play (pins and dorsal contacts). A complex set of interactions emerged for the measures of adult social investigation where the drug effect was modulated by such factors as sex and neutral vs. stress-inducing experiences coincident with the drug treatment. In contrast to the above results, no behavioral changes were recorded for measures in the elevated plus maze and open field exploration. These results suggest that TMPP produces neurophysiological changes that persist much longer than the pharmacological effect of the compound, particularly in the neural correlates for appetitive behavior. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Neurobehav Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Bekkedal, MYV (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Neurobehav Effects Lab, 2615 5th St,Bldg 433, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUL 2 PY 2001 VL 274 IS 1-3 BP 119 EP 123 DI 10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00735-5 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 450EH UT WOS:000169728200011 PM 11453288 ER PT J AU Irvin, JA Schwendeman, I Lee, Y Abboud, KA Reynolds, JR AF Irvin, JA Schwendeman, I Lee, Y Abboud, KA Reynolds, JR TI Low-oxidation-potential conducting polymers derived from 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene and dialkoxybenzenes SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT); conducting polymers; sensors; dialkoxybenzenes ID ETHER-SUBSTITUTED POLYTHIOPHENES; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; REPEAT UNITS; OLIGO(OXYETHYLENE) SUBSTITUENTS; THERMOTROPIC POLYESTERS; SIDE-CHAINS; POLY(3-ALKYLTHIOPHENES); PHENYLENE; POLY(3,4-ETHYLENEDIOXYTHIOPHENE) AB Monomers derived from 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene and phenylenes with branched or oligomeric ether dialkoxy substituents were prepared with the Negishi coupling technique. Electrooxidative polymerization led to the corresponding dialkoxy-substituted 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-phenylene polymers, with extremely low oxidation potentials (E-1/2,E-p = -0.16 to -0.50 V vs Ag/Ag+) due to the highly electron-rich nature of these materials. The polymers were electrochromic, reversibly switching from red to blue upon oxidation, with bandgaps at about 2 eV. The electrochemical behavior of the oligomeric ether-substituted polymer was investigated in the presence of different metal ions. Films of the polymer exhibited electrochemical recognition for several alkali and alkaline-earth cations with selectivity in the order Li+ > Ba2+ > Na+ > Mg2+. Cyclic voltammetry showed a decrease in the oxidation potential and an improvement in the definition of the voltammetric response, as well as an increase in the overall electroactivity of the polymer films when the concentration of the cations in the medium was increased. These results are discussed in terms of the electrostatic interactions between the complexed cation and the redox center, as well as the diffusion of the ionic species into the polymer matrix. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Univ Florida, Ctr Macromol Sci & Engn, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr Weapons Div, Div Chem & Mat, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Univ Florida, Ctr Macromol Sci & Engn, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Suwon 440746, South Korea. RP Reynolds, JR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Macromol Sci & Engn, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM reynolds@chem.ufl.edu RI Irvin, Jennifer/C-7968-2013 OI Irvin, Jennifer/0000-0003-3500-8419 NR 38 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0887-624X J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2001 VL 39 IS 13 BP 2164 EP 2178 DI 10.1002/pola.1193 PG 15 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 441BA UT WOS:000169210100011 ER PT J AU Ritchie, GD Still, KR Alexander, WK Nordholm, AF Wilson, CL Rossi, J Mattie, DR AF Ritchie, GD Still, KR Alexander, WK Nordholm, AF Wilson, CL Rossi, J Mattie, DR TI A review of the neurotoxicity risk of selected hydrocarbon fuels SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID JP-8 JET FUEL; TERTIARY-BUTYL-ETHER; PETROLEUM BLENDING STREAMS; GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; INDUCED HEARING-LOSS; INHALATION SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY/NEUROTOXICITY; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; INDUCED SENSORIMOTOR NEUROPATHY; MULTIPLE CHEMICAL-SENSITIVITY; BRAIN MONOAMINE METABOLISM AB Over 1.3 million civilian and military personnel are occupationally exposed to hydrocarbon fuels, emphasizing gasoline, jet fuel, diesel fuel, or kerosene. These exposures may occur acutely or chronically to raw fuel, vapor, aerosol, or fuel combustion exhaust by dermal, respiratory inhalation, or oral ingestion routes, and commonly occur concurrently with exposure to other chemicals and stressors. Hydrocarbon fuels are complex mixtures of 150-260+ aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds containing varying concentrations of potential neurotoxicants including benzene, n-hexane, toluene, xylenes, naphthalene, and certain n-C9-C12 fractions (n-propylbenzene, trimethylbenzene isomers). Due to their natural petroleum base, the chemical composition of different hydrocarbon fuels is not defined, and the fuels are classified according to broad performance criteria such as flash and boiling points, complicating toxicological comparisons. While hydrocarbon fuel exposures occur typically at concentrations below permissible exposure limits for their constituent chemicals, it is unknown whether additive or synergistic interactions may result in unpredicted neurotoxicity. The inclusion of up to six performance additives in existing fuel formulations presents additional neurotoxicity challenge. Additionally, exposures to hydrocarbon fuels, typically with minimal respiratory or dermal protection, range from weekly fueling of personal automobiles to waist-deep immersion of personnel in raw fuel during maintenance of aircraft fuel tanks. Occupational exposures may occur an a near daily basis for from several months to over 20 yr. A number of published studies have reported acute or persisting neurotoxic effects from acute, subchronic, or chronic exposure of humans or animals to hydrocarbon fuels, or to certain constituent chemicals of these fuels. This review summarizes human and animal studies of hydrocarbon fuel-induced neurotoxicity and neurobehavioral consequences. It is hoped that this review will support ongoing attempts to review and possibly revive exposure standards for hydrocarbon fuels. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Ritchie, GD (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, 2612 5th St,Bldg 433, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 361 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 1093-7404 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL B JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health-Pt b-Crit. Rev. PD JUL-SEP PY 2001 VL 4 IS 3 BP 223 EP 312 DI 10.1080/109374001301419728 PG 90 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 458VC UT WOS:000170214800001 PM 11503417 ER PT J AU King, ML Dracup, KA Woo, MA AF King, ML Dracup, KA Woo, MA TI Predictors of isotonic exercise in patients with heart failure SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE heart failure; isotonic exercise; hemodynamics ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE; ISOMETRIC-EXERCISE; STRENGTH; IMPACT; SINGLE AB Purpose: Study aims were to determine the predictors of isotonic resistance exercise performance in patients with advanced heart failure and to compare the preexercise values of patients who experienced a negative physiologic response to resistance exercise with those who had minimal or no response. Methods: A correlational design was used. After pharmacologic left ventricular unloading therapy using a pulmonary artery catheter, 34 patients with advanced heart failure performed graduated isotonic weight-lifting exercises. Measurements were made of hemodynamics and rating of perceived exertion after each test. Results: The following variables, measured at baseline, were significantly correlated with the amount of weight patients were able to lift: rating of perceived exertion (RPE: r = -0.42. P = 0.014); diastolic blood pressure (DBP: r = 0.49. P = 0.03); systolic blood pressure (SBP: r = 0.40, P = 0.017); pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP; r = 0.39. P = 0.026); and right atrial pressure (RAP: r = 0.35. P = 0.041). Multiple regression analysis, using a stepwise procedure, showed that 47%, of the variance in exercise performance was explained by DBP. RPE. and PCWP. There were no significant differences in baseline hemodynamics, ejection fraction, or age between the group of patients who had a negative hemodynamic response at peak exercise and the group of patients who had minimal or no response. Conclusions: Resting PCWP, DBP. and RPE can provide important information to help clinicians predict isotonic resistance exercise performance in patients with advanced heart failure. However. those patients who have a negative response to this type of exercise cannot be distinguished at baseline by clinical characteristics or age. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Nursing & Med & Ahmanson, Cardiomyopathy Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP King, ML (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM Mlking@nmscd.med.navy.mil NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 BP 1090 EP 1095 PG 6 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 448ZV UT WOS:000169660600004 PM 11445754 ER PT J AU Gray, GC Blankenship, TL Gackstetter, G Gray, GC AF Gray, GC Blankenship, TL Gackstetter, G Gray, GC TI History of respiratory illness at the US Naval Academy SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MILITARY PERSONNEL; DISEASE; SYSTEM AB Throughout history, respiratory diseases have been a frequent cause of morbidity in U.S. populations. Because of stress, crowding, and naive immune systems, military training populations are particularly prone to acute respiratory disease epidemics. An examination of the history of respiratory illness at the U.S. Naval Academy revealed that, in the earliest decades at the school, respiratory illness was a primary cause of both disease and mortality. With the advent of antibiotics and vaccines, most respiratory disease mortality has been reduced. However, even today, morbidity remains significant. Health concerns regarding respiratory diseases are heightened by emerging and reemerging respiratory disease agents that have increased antibiotic resistance and/or increased virulence. Enhanced surveillance and rapid diagnostic capabilities, placed in military settings, will increase knowledge of the epidemiology of many respiratory diseases. These strategies can lead to earlier treatment and prevention measures, thus halting the further transmission of disease and decreasing both morbidity and mortality. During the most recent history of the Naval Academy, acute respiratory infections have remained a primary cause of medical morbidity. C1 US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Navy Environm & Prevent Med Unit Two, Norfolk, VA 23511 USA. RP Gray, GC (reprint author), US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 166 IS 7 BP 581 EP 586 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DD UT WOS:000181419200006 PM 11469028 ER PT J AU Gunderson, EKE Hourani, LL AF Gunderson, EKE Hourani, LL TI The epidemiology of mental disorders in the US Navy: The neuroses SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB As part of a series of investigations into the occurrence and outcome of mental disorders in the U.S. Navy, this study was designed to determine first hospitalization incidence rates for neurotic disorders in an initially healthy young adult population and to determine the duration of acute illness, severity, and posthospital outcomes in terms of military performance and premature personnel losses. Data on first hospitalizations for neurotic disorders were extracted from automated medical record data files for all active duty Navy personnel admitted between 1980 and 1988. Incidence rates were calculated for major demographic subgroups, and career history records provided a 4-year follow-up of service-related outcomes. Overall incidence ranged from a low of 3 per 100,000 for obsessive-compulsive disorders to a high of 58 per 100,000 for other neurotic disorders/neurotic disorders not otherwise specified (NOS). The phobia and depressive groups had the poorest prognoses for continued service, and the NOS and anxiety groups had the best prognoses. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Hlth Sci & Epidemiol Dept, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Gunderson, EKE (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Hlth Sci & Epidemiol Dept, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 166 IS 7 BP 612 EP 620 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DD UT WOS:000181419200013 PM 11469034 ER PT J AU Merrill, LL AF Merrill, LL TI Trauma symptomatology among female US Navy recruits SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; CHILDHOOD SEXUAL ABUSE; PHYSICAL ABUSE; IMPACT; VETERANS; SEQUELAE; SYMPTOMS; SOLDIERS; RISK; ARMY AB A sample of female U.S. Navy recruits (N = 1,051) was surveyed for histories of childhood abuse and current trauma symptomatology. Victims of only childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and victims of both CSA and childhood physical abuse (CPA) had significantly higher scores on all 10 Trauma Symptom Inventory (TSI) clinical scales than did participants who did not report a history of childhood abuse. Victims of only CPA had significantly higher scores on all TSI clinical scales, except the Sexual Concerns scale, than participants who did not report a childhood history of CPA or CSA. Additionally, more victims of childhood abuse positively endorsed TSI items related to suicidal behavior and ideation than did nonvictims. Overall, the women who experienced CPA and/or CSA reported substantially higher levels of trauma symptomatology. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Med Informat Syst & Operat Res Dept, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Merrill, LL (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Med Informat Syst & Operat Res Dept, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 166 IS 7 BP 621 EP 624 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DD UT WOS:000181419200014 PM 11469035 ER PT J AU Blood, CG Aboumrad, TL AF Blood, CG Aboumrad, TL TI A comparison of postdeployment hospitalization incidence between active duty Vietnam and Persian Gulf War veterans SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; US VETERANS; SYMPTOMS AB Post-conflict hospitalization rates of active duty Marines deployed to the Persian Gulf War were compared with hospitalization rates of similar Marine Corps units returning from the Vietnam conflict. The aggregated Gulf War units exhibited lower hospitalization rates than their Vietnam counterparts. Examined separately, infantry and service support units deployed to the Persian Gulf had lower postdeployment hospitalization rates than similar units returning from Vietnam; no significant rate differences existed for the combat engineer and artillery units. The Vietnam veterans had higher percentages of hospital admissions for infective and parasitic diseases and genitourinary disorders than Gulf War veterans, whereas Gulf War veterans had a higher proportion of their hospitalizations in the musculoskeletal disorder category. The types of individual musculoskeletal disorders incurred by the two cohorts were not substantially different. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Med Informat Syst & Operat Res Dept, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Geocenters Inc, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. RP Blood, CG (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Med Informat Syst & Operat Res Dept, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 166 IS 7 BP 648 EP 655 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DD UT WOS:000181419200019 PM 11469040 ER PT J AU Tropeano, AM Pugh, WM AF Tropeano, AM Pugh, WM TI Review of the Naval Health Research Center's development of medical information systems for far-forward echelons of care, 1983 to 1997 SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Medical treatment information must be gathered quickly and accurately to ensure continuity of care at far-forward echelons. The manual documentation methods in use during the Vietnam War revealed the need for considerable improvements in medical information documentation, patient tracking, and effective transfer of data throughout each of the first three echelons of care. The U.S. military determined that automation would result in the greatest enhancement of documentation techniques. The Naval Health Research Center (NHRC) has been an integral part of the development of medical information systems for the Navy's far-forward echelons of care. The prototypes designed by NHRC for echelons I and H can successfully raise the standard of treatment while simultaneously reducing the number of individuals needed for administrative duties and increasing the number of medical staff available for patient care. An overview of NHRC's work in medical information systems from 1983 to 1997 is presented. C1 Anteon Corp, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Tropeano, AM (reprint author), Anteon Corp, 3211 Jermantown Rd,Suite 700, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 166 IS 7 BP 656 EP 663 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DD UT WOS:000181419200020 PM 11469041 ER PT J AU Kimmel, EC AF Kimmel, EC TI A small animal plethysmograph/exposure tube for determination of respiratory mechanics during exposure, using a noninvasive method to measure intrapleural pressure SO TOXICOLOGY METHODS LA English DT Article DE compliance; during exposure; esophageal pressure; noninvasive; resistance ID GUINEA-PIGS; PULMONARY MECHANICS; AIRWAY AB The real-time measurement of changes in respiratory mechanics, primarily dynamic compliance (C-dyn) and airway resistance (R-L), is often used to assess the pulmonary toxicity of inhaled materials, irritants thought to cause reactivity response in the airways. Simple volume displacement plethysmography for measurement of ventilation in spontaneously breathing animals can be adapted for the determination of C-dyn and R-L by including measurement of intrapleural pressure (Ppl). Accurate estimates of Ppl can be obtained by measurement of esophageal pressure (Pes) using transoral insertion of a water-filled catheter. Measurement of Pes does not require surgical intervention as is often required for the measurement of Ppl directly. However, the use of conventional head-out plethysmography to measure ventilation and respiratory mechanics during exposure usually precludes the use of a transoral esophageal catheter to measure Pes. Thus, invasive methods must be used to measure Ppl. The combination head-out plethysmograph/nose-only exposure tube (PET), described in this article is suitable for the measurement of R-L and C-dyn using transoral catheterization for the determination of Pes during exposure. In addition to avoidance of surgical intervention, use of the PET does not interfere with the animal's normal breathing or require extraordinary procedures for connection to a nose-only exposure chamber. Ventilation, breath waveform, and respiratory mechanics measurements in 36 Long-Evans rats demonstrated that neither short-term restraint in the PET. C1 NHRC TD, Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Kimmel, EC (reprint author), NHRC TD, Geocenters Inc, Bldg 433,Room 102,2612 5th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 1051-7235 J9 TOXICOL METHOD JI Toxicol. Method. PD JUL-SEP PY 2001 VL 11 IS 3 BP 173 EP 188 DI 10.1080/105172301316871590 PG 16 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 487MM UT WOS:000171879000004 ER PT J AU Hadaway, JB Ahmad, A Pezzaniti, JL Chipman, RA Wilkes, DR Hummer, LL Crandall, DG Bennett, JM AF Hadaway, JB Ahmad, A Pezzaniti, JL Chipman, RA Wilkes, DR Hummer, LL Crandall, DG Bennett, JM TI Real-time total integrated scattering measurements on the Mir spacecraft to evaluate sample degradation in space SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID COATINGS; EXPOSURE AB An instrument to measure total integrated scattering (TIS) in, space was built as part of the Optical Properties Monitor instrument package and flown on the Russian Mir Space Station in a low Earth orbit. TIS at two wavelengths wits measured in space at approximately weekly intervals from 29 April to 26 December 1997 and telemetered to Earth during the mission. Of the 20 TIS samples, 13 are described here to illustrate the performance of the TIS instrument. These include ten optical samples and three thermal control samples. Two optical samples and one thermal control sample were severely degraded by atomic oxygen. All samples received a light dusting of particles during the mission and an additional heavier layer after the samples returned to Earth. tests of the flight instrument are also described. The initial brassboard instrument and the validation (C) 2001 Optical Society of America.. C1 Univ Alabama, Ctr Appl Opt, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. AZ Technol, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Phys, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Hadaway, JB (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Ctr Appl Opt, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM jbennett@ridgenet.net NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 16 BP 2755 EP 2768 DI 10.1364/AO.40.002755 PG 14 WC Optics SC Optics GA 436AR UT WOS:000168914800021 PM 18357293 ER PT J AU Asvestas, JS AF Asvestas, JS TI Antenna Analysis and Design Software: A Survey SO IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION MAGAZINE LA English DT Article C1 NAVAIR, RF Sensors Div, Unit 5, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Asvestas, JS (reprint author), NAVAIR, RF Sensors Div, Unit 5, B2187,S2190,48110 Shaw Rd, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1045-9243 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROPAG JI IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 43 IS 3 BP 72 EP 72 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 451BL UT WOS:000169781200008 ER PT J AU Le, CT Gray, GC Poddar, SK AF Le, CT Gray, GC Poddar, SK TI A modified rapid method of nucleic acid isolation from suspension of matured virus: applied in restriction analysis of DNA from an adenovirus prototype strain and a patient isolate SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PCR AB This report describes a method for the isolation of nucleic acid from a suspension of matured virus. Nucleic acid (DNA) was isolated from a prototype strain of adenovirus type 7 and a clinical isolate of adenovirus type 7. Instead of the usual method of ultracentifugation, a filtration method was applied to concentrate the virus rapidly and nucleic acid was then isolated by a standard phenol/chloroform/isoamyl-alcohol extraction procedure. The DNA was found to be sufficiently purified to generate a reproducible restriction endonuclease digestion pattern. The clinical isolate of adenovirus type 7 revealed loss of restriction site for the endonuclease HindIII when compared with the prototype strain. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, DOD Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Poddar, SK (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, DOD Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-2615 J9 J MED MICROBIOL JI J. Med. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 50 IS 6 BP 571 EP 574 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 435JG UT WOS:000168877900011 PM 11393295 ER PT J AU Trank, TV Ryman, DH Minagawa, RY Trone, DW Shaffer, RA AF Trank, TV Ryman, DH Minagawa, RY Trone, DW Shaffer, RA TI Running mileage, movement mileage, and fitness in male US Navy recruits SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE fitness improvement; run mileage; movement mileage ID LIFE-STYLE ACTIVITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; EXERCISE; HEALTH; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; SEDENTARY; INJURIES; BENEFITS AB Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between overall fitness improvement and varying amounts of running and movement mileage. Methods: Subjects were male U.S. Navy recruits (N = 1703, 25 divisions), ages 17-35 yr (mean age = 20.1 +/- 2.9 yr), who attended boot camp from April 1996 through August 1996. During the first week of training, recruits performed a 1.5-mile run to determine baseline fitness levels. The results from the initial run were compared with a final 1.5-mile run conducted 6 wk later. Results: Based on an age-adjusted fitness scale for a 1.5-mile run time, about one third of the recruits began recruit training in "Excellent-Superior" condition (N = 558), one third began in "Good" condition (N = 582), and one third began in "Poor-Fair" condition (N = 563). Running mileage among divisions ranged from 11.5 to 43.5 miles for the entire 7-wk training period (mean = 22.7 +/- 7.2 miles; 8-22 run days, mean = 13 +/- 4 d). In addition to running, the divisions accumulated many movement miles (110-202 miles; mean = 145 +/- 26 miles) while marching in formation. Recruits who began training in Poor-Fair condition improved the most with an average decrease in run time of 1:55 +/- 1:06 min (15.6% improvement). The Good group improved by 47 +/- 37 s (7.3% improvement), and the Excellent-Superior group improved by 17 +/- 32 s (2.9% improvement). Conclusion: The magnitude of fitness improvement, as measured by run time improvement, was directly related to baseline fitness level but not related to movement mileage or high-intensity run mileage accrued during training. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Div Clin Epidemiol, Dept Hlth Sci & Epidemiol, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Trank, TV (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Div Clin Epidemiol, Dept Hlth Sci & Epidemiol, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 30 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1033 EP 1038 DI 10.1097/00005768-200106000-00024 PG 6 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 439UL UT WOS:000169135900024 PM 11404670 ER PT J AU Gunderson, EKE Garland, C Hourani, LL AF Gunderson, EKE Garland, C Hourani, LL TI Infectious disease rates in the US Navy, 1980 to 1995 SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES-NAVY; MARINE-CORPS PERSONNEL; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; ARMY RECRUITS; YOUNG-ADULTS; VARICELLA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEROSURVEY; MUMPS AB The effect of increasing numbers of women in the U.S. Navy, particularly those aboard Navy ships, on infectious disease risk is unknown. This study examines gender and other demographic differences among all U.S. Navy enlisted personnel in first hospitalizations for infectious diseases from 1980 through 1989 and identifies trends in incidence rates during the extended period from 1980 to 1995. All data were obtained from official personnel and medical records. First hospitalization rates were computed using the Epidemiological Interactive System. Varicella and other viruses and chlamydiae accounted for more than 20,000 hospitalizations among Navy enlisted personnel in the 1980s. In 7 of the 12 categories of common infectious diseases, women's rates were higher than those for men, particularly for viral meningitis, herpes simplex, syphilis, gonococcal disease, and candidiasis. An excess of certain common infectious diseases among women and nonwhite ethnic groups emphasizes the need for continuing education and surveillance in these populations. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Hlth Sci & Epidemiol Dept, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Gunderson, EKE (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Hlth Sci & Epidemiol Dept, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 166 IS 6 BP 544 EP 549 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DC UT WOS:000181419100018 PM 11413735 ER PT J AU Thomas, PJ Garland, FC AF Thomas, PJ Garland, FC TI Contraceptive use and attitudes toward family planning in Navy enlisted women and men SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Little is known about the contraceptive behavior and beliefs of Navy personnel. Nevertheless, the Navy, in its role as primary medical provider for its personnel, needs to know whether sailors have access to effective birth control and are sufficiently informed about contraception to make wise choices. As part of the Women Aboard Navy Ships Comprehensive Health and Readiness Project conducted at the Naval Health Research Center in San Diego, California, contraceptive use and attitudes toward family planning were assessed through a survey administered to 714 enlisted women and 665 enlisted men on 15 ships. Contraceptive use was not related to gender, age, marital status, pay grade, race, or education. More favorable family planning attitudes were related to contraceptive use. Women and men differed in their attitudes toward family planning, with women's responses more positive than men's. The results highlight the need for research focusing on the effect of attitudes on contraceptive behavior. C1 Calif State Univ San Marcos, Dept Psychol, San Marcos, CA 92096 USA. USN, Ctr Personnel Res & Dev, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Thomas, PJ (reprint author), Calif State Univ San Marcos, Dept Psychol, San Marcos, CA 92096 USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 166 IS 6 BP 550 EP 556 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DC UT WOS:000181419100019 ER PT J AU Poddar, SK Le, CT AF Poddar, SK Le, CT TI Bordetella pertussis detection by spectrofluorometry using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a molecular beacon probe SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE B. pertussis; fluorescein; DABCYL; quencher; spectrofluorometry; PCR ID CLINICAL SPECIMENS; DIAGNOSIS; IDENTIFICATION; PARAPERTUSSIS; CULTURE; ASSAY; AMPLIFICATION; INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRUS; SEQUENCE AB Bordetella pertussis was detected by spectrofluorometry following PCR incorporating a molecular beacon probe in the reaction. A DNA fragment from the tandem repeat sequence region (IS481) of the genome of B. pertussis was amplified in presence of the probe complementary to an internal segment of the amplified DNA fragment. Fluorescein (FAM) and DABCYL were used as the fluorophore and quencher in the probe. The probe was characterized for its signal to noise ratio by homogeneous solution hybridization with a complementary oligonucleotide. Measurement of fluorescent signal at the emission maxima of FAM, immediately after a PCR was used to detect the B. pertussis target, with no additional steps. Presence of B. pertussis in a sample was also examined by agarose gel electrophoresis of the PCR product, h serial diluted stock of B. pertussis (ATCC strain #9797) and fourteen clinical isolates of B. pertussis were examined. The sensitivity of detection by fluorescent measurement was found to be at least in the range of 0.01-0.1 CFU per 10 mul of the sample and was equal to or better than that detected by agarose gel analysis. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dod Ctr Depolyment Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Poddar, SK (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dod Ctr Depolyment Hlth Res Ctr, Bldg 335,POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD JUN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 3 BP 161 EP 167 DI 10.1006/mcpr.2001.0357 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 445LD UT WOS:000169458200005 PM 11352597 ER PT J AU Varma, SK Chan, A Mahapatra, RN AF Varma, SK Chan, A Mahapatra, RN TI Static and cyclic oxidation of Ti-44Al and Ti-44Al-xNb alloys SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Article DE cyclic oxidation; static oxidation; titanium aluminides; weight gain method; TEM; SEM; alumina; optical microscopy; EDX analysis ID GAMMA-TITANIUM ALUMINIDES; TI-AL; BEHAVIOR; 900-DEGREES-C; TI-22AL-25NB; NITROGEN; AIR AB Binary Ti-44Al, and ternary, Ti-44Al-xNb (x = 4, 8, and 11) alloys were subjected to static and cyclic oxidation in air up to a period of 1 week at 850 and 950 degreesC, The oxidation behavior is characterized by plotting a graph between,weight gain us a function of time or number of cycles. The binary alloy undergoes tire most severe oxidation while Nb provides resistance to oxidation, which increases with an increase in concentration. Oxides were examined by SEM and EDX was used to perform chemical analysis. Alternate oxide layers rich in alumina and titania were found along with an aluminum-depleted zone underneath the oxide scale. Different microstructures were observed for the alloys subjected to static- and cyclic-heating modes. Defects like twins and stacking faults were generated after a static mode of heating, while transformation products at the grain boundaries dominate the microstructures for samples subjected to cyclic heating. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Aircraft Div, Patuxent River, MD 20650 USA. RP Varma, SK (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. NR 23 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X EI 1573-4889 J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 55 IS 5-6 BP 423 EP 435 DI 10.1023/A:1010351613733 PG 13 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 428CX UT WOS:000168444500002 ER PT J AU LaPuma, PT Fox, JM Kimmel, EC AF LaPuma, PT Fox, JM Kimmel, EC TI Chromate concentration bias in primer paint particles SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chromate; chromium; paint; primer; particle; occupational exposure; impactor; air regulation; OSHA ID CHROMIUM; WORKERS; DEPOSITION; HEXAVALENT; MORTALITY; CANCER; LUNG AB Chromate-containing primer paints are used to prevent corrosion on metal surfaces. Chromate contains hexavalent chromium (Cr6+), a human carcinogen. The objective of this research was to determine if there is a bias in the fraction of chromate found in various particle sizes generated during primer painting operations. A solvent-based, aviation primer paint was sprayed using a high-volume, low-pressure spray gun. Paint particles were collected and separated by size with seven-stage cascade impactors. It was determined that particles with a mass aerodynamic diameter <2.0 mum contained significantly less Cr6+ per dry weight of paint than particles >2.0 mum (P < 0.001). The median concentration of Cr6+ in particles <2.0 mum is 18 mu g of Cr/mg of dry paint and the median concentration for particles >2.0 mum is 70 mug of Cr/mg of dry paint. The mixed paint contains 18.75% strontium chromate, which equates to a ratio of 67 mug of Cr/mg of dry paint. Particles >2.0 mum are more likely to impact in the upper tracheobronchial regions of the lung where mucociliary clearance is relatively rapid. Additionally, chromate emissions from spraying operations may be overestimated because larger particles, which are more easily trapped on an air filter, contain more chromate than the smaller particles, which are more likely to bypass an air filter. C1 USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Inst Environm Safety & Occupat Hlth Risk Assessme, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP LaPuma, PT (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 33 IS 3 BP 343 EP 349 DI 10.1006/rtph.2001.1471 PG 7 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 445PX UT WOS:000169467400007 PM 11407936 ER PT J AU Boyer, CB Shafer, MAB Shaffer, RA Brodine, SK Ito, SI Yniguez, DL Benas, DM Schachter, J AF Boyer, CB Shafer, MAB Shaffer, RA Brodine, SK Ito, SI Yniguez, DL Benas, DM Schachter, J TI Prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and HIV in young military men - Evaluation of a cognitive-behavioral skills-building intervention SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LIGASE CHAIN-REACTION; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; CONTROLLED TRIAL; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; RISK; INFECTION; URINE; PERSONNEL; ADOLESCENTS; DIAGNOSIS AB Background: Military personnel deployed to foreign countries with high endemic rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are at risk. Goal: To evaluate a cognitive-behavioral, skills-building intervention to prevent STDs in junior, enlisted, male US Marines deployed to the Western Pacific aboard ships with periodic liberty visits to foreign ports. Study Design: This study, using a quasi-experimental design, assigned 584 men to a cardiopulmonary resuscitation training (n = 288) or a cognitive-behavioral intervention (n = 296), The intervention aimed to increase prevention knowledge, reduce high-risk psychosocial (motivation) factors, and build decision-making and communication skills to reduce risky sexual behaviors and alcohol consumption. Results: Participation in the intervention was associated with increased knowledge regarding symptoms and treatment of STDs and HIV (P < 0.001), decreased alcohol use (P < 0.01), and sexual risk (P < 0.01) during liberty ports of call. Conclusion: A multiple-session, cognitive-behavioral, skills-building intervention can be successfully implemented for deployed military personnel. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, Div Adolescent Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Boyer, CB (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, Div Adolescent Med, 3333 Calif St,Box 0503, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU PHS HHS [MCJ000978, A131499-01, U01-A131499-0353] NR 23 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 28 IS 6 BP 349 EP 355 DI 10.1097/00007435-200106000-00009 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 438QD UT WOS:000169063800009 PM 11403194 ER PT J AU Arfsten, DP Still, KR Ritchie, GD AF Arfsten, DP Still, KR Ritchie, GD TI A review of the effects of uranium and depleted uranium exposure on reproduction and fetal developmentt SO TOXICOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL HEALTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Annual Conference on Theories and Practices in Toxicology and Risk Assessment CY APR 15-18, 2002 CL CINCINNATI, OHIO SP AFRL/HEST, NHRC/TD, USACEHR, Army Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, AF Off Sci Res, US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment-Cincinnati, Agcy Toxic Substances Dis Registry, Natl Inst Occup Safety & Hlth, US FDA, Natl Res Council, Natl Acad Sci DE depleted uranium and uranium; reproductive toxicology; teratogenesis; rodents; mechanisms of toxicity; review ID LONG-TERM INGESTION; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; GULF-WAR VETERANS; ADULT MALE-RAT; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; CYCLE ARREST; MICE; TOXICITY; LEAD; STEROIDOGENESIS AB Depleted uranium (DU) is used in armor-penetrating munitions, military vehicle armor, and aircraft, ship and missile counterweighting/ballasting, as well as in a number of other military and commercial applications. Recent combat applications of DU alloy [i.e., Persian Gulf War (PGW) and Kosovo peacekeeping objective] resulted in human acute exposure to DU dust, vapor or aerosol, as well as chronic exposure from tissue embedding of DU shrapnel fragments. DU alloy is 99.8% (238)Uranium, and emits approximately 60% of the alpha, beta, and gamma radiation found in natural uranium (4.05x10(-7) Ci/g DU alloy). DU is a heavy metal that is 160% more dense than lead and can remain within the body for many years and slowly solubilize. High levels of urinary uranium have been measured in PGW veterans 10 years after exposure to DU fragments and vapors. In rats, there is strong evidence of DU accumulation in tissues including testes, bone, kidneys, and brain. In vitro tests indicate that DU alloy may be both genotoxic and mutagenic, whereas a recent in vivo study suggests that tissue-embedded DU alloy may be carcinogenic in rats. There is limited available data for reproductive and teratological deficits from exposure to uranium per se, typically from oral, respiratory, or dermal exposure routes. Alternatively, there is no data available on the reproductive effects of DU embedded. This paper reviews published studies of reproductive toxicity in humans and animals from uranium or DU exposure, and discusses ongoing animal research to evaluate reproductive effects in male and female rats embedded with DU fragments, and possible consequences in F-1 and F-2 generations. C1 Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Detachment Toxicol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Arfsten, DP (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Detachment Toxicol, Bldg 433,2612 5th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 73 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 10 PU ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC PI LONDON PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON NW1 3BH, ENGLAND SN 0748-2337 J9 TOXICOL IND HEALTH JI Toxicol. Ind. Health PD JUN PY 2001 VL 17 IS 5-10 BP 180 EP 191 DI 10.1191/0748233701th111oa PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 634CB UT WOS:000180321500006 PM 12539863 ER PT J AU Kimmel, EC Reboulet, JE Carpenter, RL AF Kimmel, EC Reboulet, JE Carpenter, RL TI A typical path model of tracheobronchial clearance of inhaled particles in rats SO TOXICOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL HEALTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Annual Conference on Theories and Practices in Toxicology and Risk Assessment CY APR 15-18, 2002 CL CINCINNATI, OHIO SP AFRL/HEST, NHRC/TD, USACEHR, Army Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, AF Off Sci Res, US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment-Cincinnati, Agcy Toxic Substances Dis Registry, Natl Inst Occup Safety & Hlth, US FDA, Natl Res Council, Natl Acad Sci DE aerosol; model; mucociliary clearance; tracheobronchial; typical path ID MUCOCILIARY CLEARANCE; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; DEPOSITION; AIRWAYS; LUNGS AB A mathematical description of particle clearance from the ciliated conducting airways (tracheobronchial region) of the lungs in rats was developed, assuming that particles on the mucus blanket behave as a fluid and adhere to principles of fluid flow described by the continuity equation. Effective particle transport velocities for given generations of airways were estimated from reported tracheal mucus velocities. Using typical rat airway geometry and estimated particle transport velocities, solutions of sets of rate equations for transport from each generation of airways were summed to estimate total particle clearance from the tracheobronchial region of the lung as a function of time. Aerosol particle size distribution (MMAD ranging from 0.1 to 4.2 mum, and sigma(g) from 1 to 2.7) and concentration data from several investigators were used to predict short-term, tracheobronchial clearance (retention) in rats up to 24 h following exposure. Comparisons between predicted and observed retention showed an average difference between model predictions, and observed fractional retention of initial lung or body burden was 4.9%, with a tendency toward underprediction of clearance of particles >3.0 mum. C1 Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr Toxicol Detachment, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Kimmel, EC (reprint author), Geocenters Inc, NHRC-TD Bldg 433,2612 5th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC PI LONDON PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON NW1 3BH, ENGLAND SN 0748-2337 J9 TOXICOL IND HEALTH JI Toxicol. Ind. Health PD JUN PY 2001 VL 17 IS 5-10 BP 277 EP 284 DI 10.1191/0748233701th118oa PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 634CB UT WOS:000180321500016 PM 12539873 ER PT J AU Tran, KD Groshens, TJ Nelson, JG AF Tran, KD Groshens, TJ Nelson, JG TI Fabrication of near-zero thermal expansion (FexSc1-x)(2)Mo-12-MoO3 ceramic composite using the reaction sintering process SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE thermal expansion; ceramic composites; scandium molybdate; near-zero thermal expansion ID TUNGSTATE AB (FexSc1-x)(2)Mo3O12-MoO3 ceramic composites (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) with negative thermal expansion (FexSc1-x)(2)Mo3O12 particles dispersed in a matrix of MoO3 were fabricated from oxides using a melt reaction process at 960 degreesC, Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy show particles of iron/scandium molybdate uniformly distributed in the MoO3 matrix. The matrix has a layered plate-form shape with cleavage structure. The electrical resistivity of the composites is > 10(6) Omega .cm. The mean coefficient of linear thermal expansion of the composites increased from - 3.5 x 10 K-6(-1) when x = 0 to near-zero values ( - 0.2 to + 0.2 x 10(-6) K-1) when x = 0.2. This near-zero thermal expansion is nearly constant over the temperature range 25-500 degreesC. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, AirFrame Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Tran, KD (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Chem & Mat Div, Code 4T4210D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 13 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD MAY 15 PY 2001 VL 303 IS 1-2 BP 234 EP 240 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(00)01906-7 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 409MF UT WOS:000167386900030 ER PT J AU Earhart, KC Beadle, C Miller, LK Pruss, MW Gray, GC Ledbetter, EK Wallace, MR AF Earhart, KC Beadle, C Miller, LK Pruss, MW Gray, GC Ledbetter, EK Wallace, MR TI Outbreak of influenza in highly vaccinated crew of US Navy ship SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DISEASES AB An outbreak of influenza A (H3N2) occurred aboard a U.S. Navy ship in February 1996, despite 95% of the crew's having been appropriately vaccinated. Virus isolated from ill crew members was antigenically distinct from the vaccination strain. With an attack rate of 42%, this outbreak demonstrates the potential for rapid spread of influenza in a confined population and the impact subsequent illness may have upon the workplace. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. USN, Environm & Prevent Med Unit 5, San Diego, CA USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Earhart, KC (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 9 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 7 IS 3 BP 463 EP 465 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 436TP UT WOS:000168952200020 PM 11384530 ER PT J AU Joyce, JA Tregoning, RL AF Joyce, JA Tregoning, RL TI Development of the T-0 reference temperature from precracked Charpy specimens SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE fracture; fracture toughness; fracture mechanics; constraint; master curve; T-0 reference temperature; cleavage; ductile fracture; ductile-to-brittle transition ID TRANSITION REGION; FRACTURE AB The master curve approach specified within the new ASTM E1921 Test Standard is a significant advance in defining an indexing temperature, T-0, the median fracture toughness, and associated failure probability bounds for ferritic steels in the ductile-to-brittle transition regime. An objective in developing: this standard test procedure has been that it should, if possible, allow the use of precracked Charpy-size specimens to measure T-0 and the associated fracture performance. However, the supporting technical basis document for E1921 [NUREG/CR-5504, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC, November 1998] presents no experimental evidence which demonstrates the accuracy of T-0 estimates from precracked Charpy specimens. There was also little independent experimental verification presented [NUREG/GR-5504, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC, November 1998] to support the limiting deformation criterion (M = 30) contained in the standard. Computational and analytical support [NUREG/CR-5504, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC, November 1998] of the deformation criterion for precracked Charpy specimens is also lacking. The most applicable recent computational work by Ruggieri and Dodds [Engng. Frac. Mech. 60 (1) (1998) 19] supports a deformation criterion that is almost twice as stringent as the E1921 standard to ensure that constraint loss does not occur. Historically, constraint loss has been evaluated far individual specimens, while E1921 implicitly only requires that constraint loss does not significantly alter the median toughness. This work experimentally evaluates the use of precracked Charpy specimens to estimate T-0 by comparing results obtained on both precracked. Charpy and 1T (or larger) fracture toughness measurements. The data demonstrate that the Charpy-size specimens tend to have a non-conservative bias, even when the data fall within the allowable E1921 deformation criterion. This effect may be a function of the degree of crack tip constraint loss, which strongly depends on the material flow properties. An attempt is made to correct for any constraint loss in the Charpy-size specimen and remove any bias in the measured T-0 using a simple constant stressed volume cleavage failure criterion [Int. J. Frac. 74 (1995) 131]. While this method does decrease the difference between T-0 values measured using Charpy and conventional 1T specimens, more detailed cleavage initiation models which can be independently calibrated will be required to rigorously account for any constraint differences between Charpy and larger specimens. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, W Bethesda, MD USA. RP Joyce, JA (reprint author), USN Acad, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 68 IS 7 BP 861 EP 894 DI 10.1016/S0013-7944(00)00135-1 PG 34 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 425WA UT WOS:000168313600002 ER PT J AU Coffey, CS Sharma, J AF Coffey, CS Sharma, J TI Lattice softening and failure in severely deformed molecular crystals SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DEFORMATION; EXPLOSIVES; IGNITION AB Atomic force microscope observations have revealed the presence of permanent lattice and molecular distortions in molecular crystals that had undergone plastic deformation by shock or impact. These distortions have led to the suggestion of a deformed lattice potential. Here, the deformed lattice potential is extended to the case of severe plastic deformation in which the lattice softens and may eventually fail. This generalized lattice potential has been incorporated into descriptions of plastic flow and the associated energy dissipation due to dislocation motion by quantum tunneling. The resultant predictions are compared with experiments in which molecular crystals were subjected to severe plastic deformation during impact. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Carderock, MD 20817 USA. RP Coffey, CS (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. NR 28 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 89 IS 9 BP 4797 EP 4802 DI 10.1063/1.1358319 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 422QE UT WOS:000168130100019 ER PT J AU Hayden, LM Kim, WK Chafin, AP Lindsay, GA AF Hayden, LM Kim, WK Chafin, AP Lindsay, GA TI Effect of pressure and temperature on chromophore reorientation in a new syndioregic main-chain hydrazone nonlinear optical polymer SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE activation volume; relaxation; pressure; nonlinear optical polymer; syndioregic main chain ID VOLUME AB Second harmonic generation (SHG) was used to measure the temperature dependence of the reorientation activation volume (DeltaV*) of a syndioregic main-chain hydrazone (SMCH) nonlinear optical polymer. The decay of the SHG signal from poled films of SMCH was recorded at hydrostatic pressures up to 2924 atm and at temperatures between 25 degreesC below the glass-transition temperature (T-g) to 20 degreesC above it. DeltaV* for pressures less than 500-1000 atm and T > T-g decreased as the temperature was increased. For pressures greater than 1000 atm, DeltaV* was essentially constant for all temperatures. In addition, the size of DeltaV* indicated that the chromophore in this main chain was internally flexible. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. USN, Dept Res, Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM hayden@umbc.edu NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-6266 EI 1099-0488 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 39 IS 9 BP 895 EP 900 DI 10.1002/polb.1063 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 419BL UT WOS:000167929400002 ER PT J AU Axenrod, T Guan, XP Sun, JG Qi, L Chapman, RD Gilardi, RD AF Axenrod, T Guan, XP Sun, JG Qi, L Chapman, RD Gilardi, RD TI Synthesis of 3,3-bis(difluoramino)octahydro-1,5,7,7-tetranitro-1,5-diazocine (TNFX), a diversified energetic heterocycle SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PROTONITRONIUM; PROTOSOLVATION; CONVENIENT AB The syntheses of new 3,3-dinitro derivatives of the 1,5-diazocine ring system are described. Highly deactivated precursor ketones hexahydro-7,7-dinitro- 1,5-bis(2- and 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl)- 1,5-diazocin-3(2H)-ones (18) have been difluoraminated to the corresponding gem-bis(difluoramino)diazocines (19). The 1,5-bis(4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl)diazocine derivative undergoes N-nitrolysis with the protonitronium reagent formed in the nitric acid-trifluoromethanesulfonic acid-antimony pentafluoride system to produce 3,3-bis(difluoramino)octahydro- 1,5,7.7-tetranitro-1,5-diazocine 2 (TNFX), containing nitramine, gem-dinitro, and gem-bis(difluoramino) structural components. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 CUNY City Coll, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10031 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Naval Aviat Sci & Technol Off, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. USN, Res Lab, Lab Struct Matter Code 6030, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Axenrod, T (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10031 USA. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD APR 2 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 14 BP 2621 EP 2623 DI 10.1016/S0040-4039(01)00260-X PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 416HZ UT WOS:000167775400006 ER PT J AU Graham, A AF Graham, A TI Industrial hygiene findings in Navy labs. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Ind Hyg Dept, San Diego, CA 92117 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 221 MA 29-CHAS BP U273 EP U273 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 434PH UT WOS:000168824702096 ER PT J AU Farahmand, K Kaufman, JW AF Farahmand, K Kaufman, JW TI Experimental measurement of fine thermocouple response time in air SO EXPERIMENTAL HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article AB An experimental apparatus was developed to measure the response time of very fine thermocouples in air, Thermocouple wire size of 0.005 cm in diameter was used The experiment was performed for air velocities ranging from 0 to 4.11 m/s and small changes in temperature ranging from 24 to 38 degreesC. These experimental conditions were selected to simulate human respiratory conditions. The apparatus produced repeatable square waves and allowed change in direction of temperature gradient without difficulty. The experiment was carried out for both cooling (going from hot to cold) and heating (going from cold to hot) of the thermocouple, Thermocouple response times = 54 +/- 3 ms when the thermocouple moved from hot to cold and 56 +/- 4 ms when moving from cold to hot. Conduction along thermocouple wire and radiation effects were shown to negligibly affect response times. The effects of the temperature change for small increments and direction of the gradient were also found to be insignificant There was a positive correlation between air velocity and the time response of a thermocouple. This technique allows investigators a means of assessing data acquisition system response times in a repeatable fashion. C1 USN, Environm Physiol & Human Performance Lab, Crew Syst Engn Dept,Air Warfare Ctr, Aircraft Div,S Engn Ctr Crew Syst, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Kingsville, TX USA. RP Kaufman, JW (reprint author), USN, Environm Physiol & Human Performance Lab, Crew Syst Engn Dept,Air Warfare Ctr, Aircraft Div,S Engn Ctr Crew Syst, Bldg 2187 Suite 2280,48110 Shaw Rd,Unit 5, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0891-6152 J9 EXP HEAT TRANSFER JI Exp. Heat Transf. PD APR-JUN PY 2001 VL 14 IS 2 BP 107 EP 118 DI 10.1080/089161501750154566 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA 420LA UT WOS:000168005400002 ER PT J AU Abbot, P Celuzza, S Dyer, I Gomes, B Fulford, J Lynch, J Gawarkiewicz, G Volak, D AF Abbot, P Celuzza, S Dyer, I Gomes, B Fulford, J Lynch, J Gawarkiewicz, G Volak, D TI Effects of Korean littoral environment on acoustic propagation SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE littoral environment; shallow water acoustics; underwater acoustics measurements; underwater acoustics propagation ID FRONTS AB Environmental acoustics experiments were recently conducted in shallow to intermediate water depths in the Sea of Japan, east of Korea, along the shelf and slope, covering frequencies from 25 to 800 Hz, These were operational experiments carried out in three different seasons. The primary objectives of the data reported here are: 1) to characterize the Korean coastal environment during May 1998, September 1998, and February 1999 and 2) to assess how complexities of the environment might impact acoustic propagation in May and February, as measured by its transmission loss. Propagation data were obtained from broadband explosive SUS sources and sonobuoy receivers. The tests were conducted over varying bottom depths and slopes, both approximately normal and parallel to the bathymetric contours. Two different source depths were included. Environmental and acoustic data are reviewed and discussed. While many aspects of the observed propagation remain ill understood, on the whole a consistent and useful picture has emerged of acoustic propagation in this region. Environmental impacts on propagation are associated mainly with bottom properties, somewhat less so with source depth in relationship to sound speed profiles, and almost not at all with range-dependent profiles of a water mass front. C1 Ocean Acoust Serv & Instrumentat Syst Inc, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. Ocean Acoust Serv & Instrumentat Syst Inc, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Abbot, P (reprint author), Ocean Acoust Serv & Instrumentat Syst Inc, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD APR PY 2001 VL 26 IS 2 BP 266 EP 284 DI 10.1109/48.922793 PG 19 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 433JB UT WOS:000168755300010 ER PT J AU Merrill, LL Thomsen, CJ Gold, SR Milner, JS AF Merrill, LL Thomsen, CJ Gold, SR Milner, JS TI Childhood abuse and premilitary sexual assault in male navy recruits SO JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALCOHOLISM SCREENING-TEST; NATIONAL SAMPLE; EXPERIENCES SURVEY; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; PHYSICAL ABUSE; FOLLOW-UP; AGGRESSION; VICTIMIZATION; ADOLESCENTS; OFFENDERS AB Three samples of male U.S. Navy recruits (N = 7,850),,were surveyed to determine whether a history of childhood physical abuse (CPA) or childhood sexual abuse (CSA) was predictive of premilitary rape of women and whether these relationships were mediated by alcohol problems and number of sex partners. In the 3 samples, 11.3%, 11.6%, and 9.9% of men reported committing premilitary rape. When demographic factors were controlled for, both CPA and CSA were independently and additively predictive of rape in each sample, with men who experienced both forms of abuse showing the highest risk of committing rape. Additional analyses revealed that alcohol problems and number of sex partners significantly mediated the relationship between childhood abuse (CPA and CSA) and rape perpetration. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. No Illinois Univ, Ctr Study Family Violence & Sexual Assault, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Merrill, LL (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 62 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0022-006X J9 J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH JI J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 69 IS 2 BP 252 EP 261 PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 470MV UT WOS:000170876500012 PM 11393602 ER PT J AU Macdonald, F Coon, D AF Macdonald, F Coon, D TI Monte Carlo simulation of the effect of fiber characteristics on creep life of a fiber tow SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CERAMIC-MATRIX COMPOSITES; CRACK-GROWTH; SIC/SIC COMPOSITES; FATIGUE BEHAVIOR; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; STRESS-RUPTURE; TENSILE CREEP; FRACTURE; MECHANISMS; STRENGTH AB Fatigue of reinforced ceramics at elevated temperatures was numerically evaluated with a fiber dominated, power-law creep model. A Monte Carlo simulation of fiber creep in a uniaxially loaded tow was used to examine the influence of fiber radius, elastic modulus, and strength on creep respose. The simulation permitted variation of both the average magnitude and dispersion of fiber characteristics while maintaining constant power-law creep parameters. A linear increase in creep life was predicted for an increase in mean fiber radius, and a linear decrease in creep life was predicted for an increase in the standard deviation of fiber radii. A linear increase in creep life was predicted for both an increase in mean fiber elastic modulus and standard deviation of elastic moduli. Characteristic fiber strength and Weibull modulus were predicted to have a significant effect on creep life of a SiC fiber low. An increase in either the characteristic strength or Weibull modulus was predicted to result in an increase in creep life. (C) 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Univ Wyoming, Dept Mech Engn, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Macdonald, F (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD APR PY 2001 VL 36 IS 7 BP 1681 EP 1684 DI 10.1023/A:1017504104503 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 418VF UT WOS:000167914300013 ER PT J AU Booth-Kewley, S Gilman, PA Shaffer, RA Brodine, SK AF Booth-Kewley, S Gilman, PA Shaffer, RA Brodine, SK TI Evaluation of a sexually transmitted disease/human immunodeficiency virus prevention train-the-trainer program SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AIDS-PREVENTION; HIV-INFECTION; RISK; INTERVENTION; ADOLESCENTS; BEHAVIORS; WOMEN AB in this study, a behavioral intervention known as the STD/HIV Intervention Program (SHIP) was implemented at the Navy preventive medicine technician (PMT) school as a "train-the-trainer" course. Course evaluation questionnaires were administered to PMT students immediately after the training, Follow-up interviews evaluating the SHIP course were conducted with PMTs (N = 73) 1 year after the training. PMT students were fairly satisfied with SHIP overall, as well as with specific components of the course. As hypothesized, the SHIP train-the-trainer course was considered useful by most PMTs in their first duty assignments after completing PMT school. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. San Diego State Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Booth-Kewley, S (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2001 VL 166 IS 4 BP 304 EP 310 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653CZ UT WOS:000181418800005 PM 11315468 ER PT J AU Seltzer, MD AF Seltzer, MD TI Multimetal monitoring and MACT rule SO POLLUTION ENGINEERING LA English DT Article C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA USA. RP Seltzer, MD (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS-DENVER PUBLISHING CO PI OAK BROOK PA 2000 CLEARWATER DR, OAK BROOK, IL 60523-8809 USA SN 0032-3640 J9 POLLUT ENG JI Pollut. Eng. PD APR PY 2001 VL 33 IS 3 BP 34 EP 37 PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 422ZD UT WOS:000168148500012 ER PT J AU Creusere, CD AF Creusere, CD TI Motion-compensated video compression with reduced complexity encoding for remote transmission SO SIGNAL PROCESSING-IMAGE COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article DE image compression; video compression; motion compensation; low complexity; wavelet; scalable coding ID SUBBAND; IMAGES AB Efficient operation at very low bit-rates necessitates a complex encoder that can exploit both spatial and temporal redundancy in a video sequence. To reduce the complexity of such an encoder, we introduce here a new form of motion compensation similar to the conventional hybrid DPCM-transform method but where the compensation is performed outside the feedback loop. In addition to reducing encoder complexity, the proposed out-of-loop (OOL) compensation scheme also supports resolution and frame-rate scalability. While the basic idea is conceptually similar to the pan compensation proposed by Taubman and Zakhor, our method continually tracks and updates the image in the feedback loop in the same way as the conventional DPCM coder. Using OOL compensation, we have observed an average encoder speed increase of 33% on a typical CIF-size video sequence compared to the conventional approach with no significant decrease in decoder speed. Furthermore, we have also found that OOL pan compensation significantly improves the rate-distortion performance of the system relative to conventional pan compensation - taken over five different video sequences, the average bit-rate reduction is 9.2% and the average mean-squared error reduction is 29.6%. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA USA. RP Creusere, CD (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Sch Elect & Comp Engn, MSC 3-0,POB 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-5965 J9 SIGNAL PROCESS-IMAGE JI Signal Process.-Image Commun. PD APR PY 2001 VL 16 IS 7 BP 627 EP 642 DI 10.1016/S0923-5965(00)00040-0 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 421NH UT WOS:000168070100002 ER PT J AU Elliott, WR Zwick, H Biggerstaff, S Lund, D Stuck, BE Ness, J Reddix, M AF Elliott, WR Zwick, H Biggerstaff, S Lund, D Stuck, BE Ness, J Reddix, M TI Online measurement of the effects of foveal Q-switched laser exposure on visual function and oculomotor behavior in alert, task oriented rhesus monkeys. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Brooks AFB, TX USA. USA, Med Res Det, WRAIR, Brooks AFB, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 3699 BP S687 EP S687 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392103662 ER PT J AU Schmidt, MC Askew, EW Prior, RL Roberts, DE Ensign, WY Hesslink, RE AF Schmidt, MC Askew, EW Prior, RL Roberts, DE Ensign, WY Hesslink, RE TI Correspondence between serum antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress indicators in blood, breath and urine. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. USDA, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Nat Alternat Int, San Marcos, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A609 EP A609 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438103492 ER PT J AU Townsend, J Westerfield, M Leaver, E Makeig, S Jung, TP Pierce, K Courchesne, E AF Townsend, J Westerfield, M Leaver, E Makeig, S Jung, TP Pierce, K Courchesne, E TI Event-related brain response abnormalities in autism: evidence for impaired cerebello-frontal spatial attention networks SO COGNITIVE BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE spatial attention; autism; cerebellum; frontal cortex; ERP; P300 ID FUNCTIONALLY INDEPENDENT COMPONENTS; PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; POSTERIOR-FOSSA STRUCTURES; ORIENTING GAZE SHIFTS; INFANTILE-AUTISM; NEUROANATOMICAL ABNORMALITIES; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGIC INDICATION; CEREBROCEREBELLAR SYSTEM; AUDITORY INFORMATION; DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW AB Although under some conditions the attention-related late positive event-related potential (ERP) response (LPC) is apparently normal in autism during visual processing, the LPC elicited by visuospatial processing may be compromised. Results from this study provide evidence for abnormalities in autism in two components of the LPC generated during spatial processing. The early frontal distribution of the LPC which may reflect attention orienting was delayed or missing in autistic subjects during conditions in which attention was to peripheral visual fields. The later parietal distribution of the LPC which may be associated with context updating was smaller in amplitude in autistic subjects regardless of attention location. Both abnormalities suggest disruption of function in spatial attention networks in autism. Evidence that the cerebellar abnormalities in autism may underlie these deficits comes fr om: (I) similar results in ERP responses and spatial attention deficits in patients with cerebellar lesions; (2) brain-behavior correlations in normally functioning individuals associating the size of the posterior cerebellar vermis and the latency of the frontal LPC; and (3) a previously reported complementary correlation between the size of the posterior vermal lobules and spatial orienting speed. Although the scalp-recorded LPC is thought to be cortically generated, it may be modulated by subcortical neural activity. The cerebellum may serve as a modulating influence by affecting the task-related antecedent attentional process. The electrophysiological abnormalities reported here index spatial attention deficits in autism that may reflect cerebellar influence on both frontal and parietal spatial attention function. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci 0217, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Childrens Hosp, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Psychol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Neural Computat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Salk Inst, La Jolla, CA USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Townsend, J (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci 0217, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 128 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 6 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6410 J9 COGNITIVE BRAIN RES JI Cognit. Brain Res. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 11 IS 1 BP 127 EP 145 DI 10.1016/S0926-6410(00)00072-0 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences; Neuroimaging SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 409NM UT WOS:000167389800011 ER PT J AU Frazier, WE Polakovics, D Koegel, W AF Frazier, WE Polakovics, D Koegel, W TI Qualifying of metallic materials and structures for aerospace applications SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The U.S. Navy's certification and qualification process for materials and structures is undertaken to ensure the flight safety and full mission capability of naval aviation weapon systems. A building-block process is practiced in which validated engineering data and concepts provide the foundation for continued technological development and innovation. For example, prior to developing material-property standards, the manufacturing process is frozen and fully characterized. The customer's cost, schedule, and performance requirements must be carefully considered. Technologies are selected for immediate use or further R&D based upon a risk assessment that takes into account many factors, including technological maturity, lessons learned, the sponsor budget and schedule constraints, affordability, return on investment, and life-cycle cost impact. This paper explores the process that the navy uses to qualify its airframe alloys and structures. C1 Naval Air Syst Command, Res & Engn Grp, Air Vehicle Dept, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Frazier, WE (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, Res & Engn Grp, Air Vehicle Dept, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 53 IS 3 BP 16 EP 18 DI 10.1007/s11837-001-0171-z PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 410MD UT WOS:000167443000003 ER PT J AU Kozol, J AF Kozol, J TI An environmentally safe and effective paint removal process for aircraft SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB To reduce hazardous waste from fleet and depot aircraft paint stripping and to conform to regulations banning toxic chemical paint strippers, the U.S. Naval Air Systems Team (materials division, depots, and headquarters) teamed with the U.S. Air Force at Warner Robins Air Logistics Center for concept development, characterization, and demonstration of a mature, advanced paint-removal system, the Boeing xenon/flashlamp CO2 (Flashjet(R)) process. Extensive metallic and composite-materials testing was conducted. This paper describes the development and characterization program leading to authorization of the process for use on fixed-wing navy aircraft. C1 Naval Air Syst Command, Div Mat, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Kozol, J (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, Div Mat, 48066 Shaw Rd,Unit 5, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 53 IS 3 BP 20 EP 21 DI 10.1007/s11837-001-0172-y PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 410MD UT WOS:000167443000004 ER PT J AU Stander, VA Hsiung, PC MacDermid, S AF Stander, VA Hsiung, PC MacDermid, S TI The relationship of attributions to marital distress: A comparison of mainland Chinese and US couples SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the National-Council-on-Family-Relations CY NOV 08-10, 1996 CL KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI SP Natl Council Family Relat ID UNITED-STATES; CAUSAL ATTRIBUTIONS; MARRIED-COUPLES; HONG-KONG; RESPONSIBILITY; AMERICAN; EVENTS; INDIVIDUALISM; CULTURES; ACCOUNTS AB Research on attribution theory has focused on a number of different social contexts. Close personal relationships and marriage in particular have been investigated widely. Cross-cultural differences in attribution patterns have also been explored, although mostly in relation to academic achievement or employment. This article focused on cross-cultural variations in marital attributions. Thirty-six couples from the People's Republic of China (P.R.C.) and 32 couples from the United States (U.S.) were included. Marital attributions were correlated with marital distress for both groups. However, the P.R.C. spouses tended to report more relationship-enhancing causal attributions than did U.S. spouses. There were also some differences in attributions of responsibility and blame across cultures. These findings are discussed in relationship to current marital attribution theory. C1 Purdue Univ, Dept Child Dev & Family Studies, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Stander, VA (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RI MacDermid Wadsworth, Shelley/G-1322-2011; OI MacDermid Wadsworth, Shelley/0000-0002-5443-2760; Hsiung, Ping-Chuan/0000-0003-3522-5798 NR 33 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0893-3200 J9 J FAM PSYCHOL JI J. Fam. Psychol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 1 BP 124 EP 134 DI 10.1037//0893-3200.15.1.124 PG 11 WC Psychology, Clinical; Family Studies SC Psychology; Family Studies GA 472AY UT WOS:000170961900009 PM 11322080 ER PT J AU Gunderson, EKE AF Gunderson, EKE TI Inpatient hospitalization SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Longitudinal Studies & Hlth Sci Program, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Gunderson, EKE (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Longitudinal Studies & Hlth Sci Program, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 166 IS 3 BP 203 EP 203 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 411ML UT WOS:000167503800003 PM 11263017 ER PT J AU Lin, J Ritchie, GD Stenger, DA Nordholm, AF Pancrazio, JJ Rossi, J AF Lin, J Ritchie, GD Stenger, DA Nordholm, AF Pancrazio, JJ Rossi, J TI Trimethylolpropane phosphate induces epileptiform discharges in the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE trimethylolpropane phosphate; bicyclophosphate; epileptiform bursts; hippocampal slices; GABA ID BICYCLIC PHOSPHORUS ESTERS; NEUROTOXIN FORMATION; TURBINE LUBRICANTS; PYRAMIDAL NEURONS; RECEPTORS; INHIBITION; POTASSIUM; INVITRO; CELLS; INVOLVEMENT AB The actions of trimethylolpropane phosphate (TMPP), an ethyl bicyclophosphate convulsant produced during the partial pyrolysis of some phosphate ester-based lubricants, were tested on CA1 neurons of rat hippocampal slices using intracellular recording techniques. Bath application of TMPP (0.1-100 muM) induced spontaneous paroxysmal depolarizing shifts and the associated spontaneous epileptiform bursts followed by after-hyperpolarizations in 63% of neurons tested. The TMPP-induced epileptiform bursts were blocked by muscimol, a gamma -aminobutyric acid A (GABA(A)) receptor agonist, diazepam (DZP), a GABA(A)-benzodiazepine ionophore complex agonist, or baclofen, a GABA(B) receptor agonist. While bath application of muscimol, DZP, or baclofen suppressed spontaneous activity in CA1 neurons not previously exposed to TMPP, subsequent application of TMPP (10 muM) reversed the actions of muscimol and diazepam, but not baclofen. TMPP (0.1-100 muM) also induced membrane hyperpolarization associated with an increase in peak input resistance and inward rectification in 33% of neurons tested or membrane depolarization associated with an increase in input resistance in 17% of neurons tested. In summary, TMPP induced epileptiform activities in hippocampal CA1 neurons. The epileptogenic effects of TMPP are consistent with its interaction with GABA(A)-benzodiazepine receptors. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 ManTech Environm Technol Inc, Dayton, OH 45437 USA. Geo Ctr Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. WPAFB, Naval hlth Res Ctr Detachment Toxicol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lin, J (reprint author), ManTech Environm Technol Inc, POB 31009, Dayton, OH 45437 USA. RI Pancrazio, Joseph/M-3206-2015 OI Pancrazio, Joseph/0000-0001-8276-3690 NR 50 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 171 IS 2 BP 126 EP 134 DI 10.1006/taap.2000.9120 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 410AU UT WOS:000167418500006 PM 11222088 ER PT J AU Shender, BS Heffner, PL AF Shender, BS Heffner, PL TI Dynamic strength capabilities of small-stature females to perform high-performance flight tasks SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE women; dynamic strength; high-performance flight; G-stress; EMG; small-stature AB Background: Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division investigated the abilities of small-stature females (less than or equal to 120 lb.) to fly under G-stress using the Dynamic Flight Simulator (DFS) and its tactical fight/attack cockpit, displays and controls. The objective was to determine if these individuals possess sufficient upper-body muscular endurance to perform tasks required during fighter-pilot training, aerial combat maneuvers, and failure modes. Methods: Five female subjects (four small-stature and one medium) participated. DFS tasks featured bombing runs, surface-to-air missile (SAM) avoidance, and single engine failure. Muscular exertion and fatigue (arm, shoulder, neck) were assessed using electromyography. Results: During the most physically taxing simulation (SAM avoidance), flight performance did not significantly degrade over time. No statistically significant increase in muscular fatigue was found during the bombing simulation, though there was some evidence of degraded fine muscle control. Evidence of flexor and extensor muscular fatigue was associated with the single-engine-failure simulation. Conclusions: Within the scope of these tests, small-stature individuals demonstrated the strength and endurance to safely fly physically strenuous missions. However, a larger subject sample is necessary to increase the statistical power of the results. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Shender, BS (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Bldg 2187,Suite 2280,48110 Shaw Rd,Unit 5, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM ShenderBS@navair.navy.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 72 IS 2 BP 89 EP 99 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 398EJ UT WOS:000166743600001 PM 11211049 ER PT J AU Shender, BS Heffner, PL AF Shender, BS Heffner, PL TI Dynamic strength capabilities of small-stature females to eject and support added head weight SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE women; dynamic strength; ejection; G-stress; added head weight; EMG ID ENDURANCE AB Background: Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division investigated the abilities of small-stature females (less than or equal to 120 lb) to fly under G-stress using the Dynamic Flight Simulator (DFS) and its tactical fight/attack cockpit, displays and controls. Objectives: Determine ability to exert NACES ejection seat actuation pull force under static, acceleration and simulated flight conditions; support up to 5 lb of added head weight (AHW) under catapult, arrestment, and aerial combat maneuver G-loads; and reach all controls. Methods: Seven female subjects (six small and one medium stature) participated. The AHW task included three helmet weights, 3.5 lb (standard configuration), 4.25 lb and 5 lb and subjects were tasked to accurately read cockpit displays. Muscular exertion and fatigue (arm, shoulder, neck) assessment used electromyography (EMC). Limits in overall reach and throttle and stick movements were measured. Results: Subjects successfully ejected using a two-hand grip under G-stress. Subjects read all displays supporting 5 lb under +6 Gz. Most small-stature subjects could not fully support their heads wearing 3.5 Ib helmet during fiat spin conditions. Conclusions: Within the scope of these tests, small-stature subjects demonstrated the strength to safely initiate ejection during severe physically-taxing dynamic conditions but had difficulty supporting AHW under -Gx stress. Human factors deficiencies were noted in the areas of torso harness fit, inertia reel placement relative to shoulder width, and the ability maintain a full range of stick motion. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft,S Engn Ctr, Crew Syst Dept,Environm Physiol & Human Physiol P, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Shender, BS (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft,S Engn Ctr, Crew Syst Dept,Environm Physiol & Human Physiol P, Bldg 2187,Suite 2280,48110 Shaw Rd,Unit 5, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM ShenderBS@navair.navy.mil NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 72 IS 2 BP 100 EP 109 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 398EJ UT WOS:000166743600002 PM 11211037 ER PT J AU Cole, JA Widmer, NC Seeker, WR Schadow, KC Parr, TP Wilson, KJ AF Cole, JA Widmer, NC Seeker, WR Schadow, KC Parr, TP Wilson, KJ TI Research and development to improve naval shipboard waste management using a compact closed-loop-controlled waste incinerator SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Congress on Toxic Combustion By-Products CY JUN 27-30, 1999 CL UNIV KARLSRUHE, KARLSRUHE, GERMANY HO UNIV KARLSRUHE DE acoustic; afterburner; vortex; pyrolysis; dump combustor ID COMBUSTION CONTROL; DUMP COMBUSTOR; MIXING LAYERS AB Research has been conducted into the application of forced acoustics for enhancing the performance of a pyrolyzed waste afterburner configured as a dump combustor. Subscale studies showed that acoustic forcing of an air jet entering a dump chamber could trigger the formation of coherent vortices generated by entrainment of ambient gases. Subsequent studies showed that combustible gases could be introduced into the coherent vortices, and with additional modulation this configuration would lead to an enhanced combustion rate with low emissions of pollutants. The acoustically forced burner concept was scaled up to practical levels and tested as an afterburner on a commercial waste incinerator operating in pyrolysis mode. Results show that the afterburner can promote both compactness, due to the rapid combustion rate, and low pollutant emissions resulting from enhanced mixing prior to combustion. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 GE Energy & Environm Res Corp, Irvine, CA 92618 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Cole, JA (reprint author), GE Energy & Environm Res Corp, 18 Mason, Irvine, CA 92618 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD FEB-MAR PY 2001 VL 42 IS 5-7 BP 765 EP 774 DI 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00250-2 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 401VW UT WOS:000166950200036 PM 11219702 ER PT J AU Kenney, C Deng, Y Manjunath, BS Hewer, G AF Kenney, C Deng, Y Manjunath, BS Hewer, G TI Peer group image enhancement SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Letter DE image enhancement; image smoothing; noise removal; nonlinear filtering ID MEDIAN FILTERS AB Peer group image processing identifies "peer group" for each pixel and then replaces the pixel intensity with the average over the peer group. Two parameters provide direct control over which image features are selectively enhanced: area (number of pixels in the feature) and window diameter (window size needed to enclose the feature). A discussion is given of how these parameters determine which features in the image are smoothed or preserved. We show that the Fisher discriminant can be used to automatically adjust the PGA parameters at each point in the image. This local parameter selection allows smoothing over uniform regions while preserving features like corners and edges. This adaptive procedure extends to multilevel and color forms of PGA, Comparisons are made with a variety of standard filtering techniques and an analysis is given of computational complexity and convergence issues. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Kenney, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. NR 16 TC 87 Z9 95 U1 3 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1057-7149 J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS JI IEEE Trans. Image Process. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 10 IS 2 BP 326 EP 334 DI 10.1109/83.902298 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 402YU UT WOS:000167016400014 PM 18249624 ER PT J AU Bush, RA Smith, TC Honner, WK Gray, GC AF Bush, RA Smith, TC Honner, WK Gray, GC TI Active surveillance of birth defects among US Department of Defense beneficiaries: A feasibility study SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; MATERNAL SMOKING; PUBLIC-HEALTH; RISK; PREGNANCY; CHILDREN; STATE; AGE AB Since the Vietnam War, concern regarding the association of military exposures and birth defects has grown. The possibility of such associations remains a source of unease. To determine if such an association exists, birth defects surveillance among military families must be conducted. This project compared health record abstraction (active surveillance) with screening of Department of Defense electronic medical data (passive surveillance) to detect birth defects among San Diego County military families during the period January 1, 1997, through June 30, 1998. A total of 171 of 5,351 infants (3.2%) were identified as having a major defect, consistent with national civilian rates. There was approximately 80% concurrence between passive and active surveillance birth defect data, suggesting that a hybrid system of electronic data, supplemented with active surveillance in a specific region, represents a feasible and cost-effective surveillance program for the geographically dispersed military population. C1 US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Bush, RA (reprint author), US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 166 IS 2 BP 179 EP 183 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 403XN UT WOS:000167068600016 PM 11272718 ER PT J AU Oxley, JC Smith, JL Zhang, J Bedford, C AF Oxley, JC Smith, JL Zhang, J Bedford, C TI A comparison of the thermal decomposition of nitramines and difluoramines SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ENERGETIC MATERIALS; CYCLIC NITRAMINES; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; NITRO-COMPOUNDS; 1,3,3-TRINITROAZETIDINE; THERMOLYSIS; KINETICS; EXPLOSIVES; MECHANISMS; PRODUCTS AB The decomposition rates and product distributions of a number of nitro- and difluoramino-substituted six-membered rings were compared: nitrocyclohexane (I); 1,1-dinitro-cydohexane (II); 1,1,4,4-tetranitrocyclohexane (III), 1,1,4,4-tetrakis(difluoramino)cyclohexane (IV); 1,4-dinitropiperazine (V); 1,4,4-trinitropiperidine (VI), and 4,4-bis(difluoramino)-l-nitropiperidine (VII). The study suggested the following order for susceptibility to decomposition: N-NO2 > C-(NO2)(2) > C-(NF2)(2) The difference in bond energies among the compounds is small. Geminal bis(difluoramino) compounds appeared to be somewhat more stable than the corresponding gem-dinitro compounds though they released more heat during decomposition. Where a nitramine functionality was present, the nitroso analogue was observed as a major decomposition product. The decomposition of gem-bis(difluoramino) and gem-dinitro compounds exhibited similarities. Both experienced loss of one geminal NX2 group followed by the rearrangement of the remaining NX2. Where X was oxygen, loss of the initial nitro by homolysis was favored; rearrangement of the remaining nitro followed by homolysis of NO resulted in a C=O bond. Where X was fluorine, the initial difluoramino may have been lost as HNF2. The remaining difluoramino reacted by losing fluorine, leaving C=NF or by losing HNF, resulting in =C-F; the latter was mainly observed. C1 Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Chem, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA USA. RP Oxley, JC (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Chem, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. NR 53 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JAN 25 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 3 BP 579 EP 590 DI 10.1021/jp002516a PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 402RE UT WOS:000167001300011 ER PT J AU Sharma, J Armstrong, RW Elban, WL Coffey, CS Sandusky, HW AF Sharma, J Armstrong, RW Elban, WL Coffey, CS Sandusky, HW TI Nanofractography of shocked RDX explosive crystals with atomic force microscopy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; HARDNESS; CRACKING AB Examination with atomic force microscopy has revealed apparent shear-type cleavage steps with heights as small as 0.05 nm, smaller than the size of cyclotrimethylenetrintramine (RDX) molecules, on the fracture surfaces of crystals that were subjected to aquarium shocks of 61.6 or 129 kbar, both greater than the pressure (38 kbar) required for the alpha-to-gamma phase transformation. The shocked centimeter size, originally transparent crystals became opaque and white from prolific fractures and internal cracks that are associated with their breakup into nanocrystallites of sizes extending from 500 down to 20 nm. The submolecular steps are related geometrically to the macroscale (K-parallel to) fracture mechanics mode of shear fracturing that has obvious consequences at the nanoscale level for nonregistry between molecules across the crack surfaces. The results are of interest in relation to lattice trapping of crack fronts and as a contribution to the possibility of deformation-induced chemical decomposition/detonations. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Sharma, J (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 12 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 22 PY 2001 VL 78 IS 4 BP 457 EP 459 DI 10.1063/1.1342046 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 393NV UT WOS:000166477300023 ER PT S AU Carico, D He, CJ Blemel, P AF Carico, D He, CJ Blemel, P GP IEEE IEEE TI Web-based flight test training & mishap investigation support SO 2001 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 10-17, 2001 CL BIG SKY, MT SP IEEE Aerosp & Electr Syst Soc AB Work is ongoing to develop a web-based capability to support flight testing and mishap investigations. Fewer new aircraft are being procured today compared to aircraft procurement a couple decades ago. As the older members of the test force retire or change jobs, more pressure is placed on the more junior engineers to conduct the testing. Flight test training is accomplished at government and commercial test pilot schools, but after graduating the flight test engineers and pilots must primarily work with on-the-job training. One approach to improve flight test training support, currently being developed as part of a small business innovative research program, involves combining advanced technology programs associated with a physics-based analysis model structure and the World Wide Web. This paper discusses the results of the ongoing program to enhance and integrate an advanced simulation model structure with a collaborative network and with advanced microprocessors. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Test & Evaluat Engn, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Carico, D (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Test & Evaluat Engn, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-6599-2 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2001 BP 2613 EP 2622 DI 10.1109/AERO.2001.931221 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BT34X UT WOS:000172696700266 ER PT S AU Hardman, W Hess, A Blunt, D AF Hardman, W Hess, A Blunt, D GP IEEE IEEE TI A USN development strategy and demonstration results for propulsion and mechanical systems diagnostics, prognostics and health management SO 2001 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 10-17, 2001 CL BIG SKY, MT SP IEEE Aerosp & Electr Syst Soc AB A US Navy strategy was generated and is still evolving to develop and demonstrate diagnostics and prognostics for helicopter drivetrains. The SH-60 program was initiated as a proof-of-concept effort to develop, demonstrate, and integrate available and advanced mechanical diagnostic technologies for propulsion and power drive system monitoring. Included in these technologies were various rule based and model based analysis techniques which were applied to demonstrate and validate various levels of diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. Some of these will be discussed. Since spalling; of the SB 2205 roller bearing integral inner race is the most common dynamic component cause for gearbox removal in the SH-60, it was tested as part of the original III IDS effort. Using this as a case example, diagnostic methods are used to identify the fault, and means of applying prognostics are discussed. Other more recent examples of "seeded faults" will also be discussed as case studies demonstrating various degrees of diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. These include the evaluation of an epicyclic planet gear separation algorithm developed by the Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO), Australia. Multivariate analysis reasoners, and information fusion requirements and approaches will also be discussed. Most recently a strategy is evolving to more fully develop and demonstrate the predictive aspects of prognostics. Finally a full description, recent accomplishments, status and plans for the NAWCAD Helicopter Transmission Test Facility (HTTF) will be presented. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Prop & Power Dept, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Hardman, W (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Prop & Power Dept, Bld 106,Unit 4,22195 Elmer Rd, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 0-7803-6599-2 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2001 BP 3059 EP 3068 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BT34X UT WOS:000172696700308 ER PT B AU Heather, FW AF Heather, FW GP IEEE IEEE TI Development of a HF broadcast simulator for whole aircraft testing SO 2001 IEEE EMC INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility CY AUG 13-17, 2001 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP IEEE, EMC Soc AB Worldwide, High frequency (BY) broadcaster radiates very high intensity radiated fields in the airspace used by both civil and military aircraft. Testing of aircraft at the Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division, Patuxent River Maryland is performed to determine the compatibility with the external electromagnetic environment. The Office of Secretary of Defense (OSD) Central Test and Evaluation Investment Program (CTEIP) recognized the need for aircraft to be electro magnetically compatible with the HF broadcast electromagnetic environment (EME) CTEIP has supported the development of a new simulator that permits aircraft to be tested for compatibility with the EME produce by HF broadcast. This paper will describe the validation of these fields, the antenna development, transmitter capabilities and resulting whole radiated fields for aircraft testing. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Heather, FW (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Bld 144,Suite 3B,48202 Standley Rd Unit 5, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-6569-0 PY 2001 BP 414 EP 418 DI 10.1109/ISEMC.2001.950675 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BT07Y UT WOS:000171881500080 ER PT B AU Brezinski, KA Kempf, DR AF Brezinski, KA Kempf, DR GP IEEE IEEE TI Electromagnetic interference evaluation of an intercommunications system on a navy aircraft SO 2001 IEEE EMC INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility CY AUG 13-17, 2001 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP IEEE, EMC Soc AB The intercommunications system (ICS) on a Navy aircraft was evaluated for numerous electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems that had been reported during use in the Fleet. As a Non Developmental Item (NDI) for the Navy, very little EMI testing had been performed. Though this was not a typical Navy program, it was a real life example of the problems that can be caused by not adhering to the EMI requirements. This paper discusses the testing performed, including some innovative testing using reverberation techniques inside the aircraft and also outside the aircraft in a shielded hangar. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Brezinski, KA (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-6569-0 PY 2001 BP 469 EP 470 DI 10.1109/ISEMC.2001.950685 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BT07Y UT WOS:000171881500090 ER PT B AU Brezinski, KA Kempf, DR AF Brezinski, KA Kempf, DR GP IEEE IEEE TI Unique applications of reverberation techniques SO 2001 IEEE EMC INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility CY AUG 13-17, 2001 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP IEEE, EMC Soc AB Box level radiated susceptibility was required on a large, highly interconnected avionics system. Traditional laboratory testing compliance needed to be demonstrated, however, the complexity of the system and necessary support equipment prohibited normal approaches in a laboratory environment. This paper discusses the testing performed using reverberation techniques inside the aircraft and also outside the aircraft in a shielded hangar. The paper also discusses the innovative testing techniques and departures from traditional rules and paradigms of the trade. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Aircraft Div, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Brezinski, KA (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Aircraft Div, Patuxent River, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-6569-0 PY 2001 BP 732 EP 733 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BT07Y UT WOS:000171881500144 ER PT S AU Nadler, MP AF Nadler, MP BE Falcone, A Nelson, KM Albers, R Avery, WB TI Thermal degradation analysis of IM7/DMBZ-15 high temperature composite by TGA/FTIR SO ADVANCING AFFORDABLE MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY SE INTERNATIONAL SAMPE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International SAMPE Technical Conference CY NOV 05-08, 2001 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Soc Advancement Mat & Process Engn, Seattle Chapter DE high temperature composites; polyimides; degradation AB IM7/DMBZ-15 high temperature composite has a limited temperature and heating rate range and is subject to "catastrophic" delamination and blistering problems during rapid heating to temperatures near the T-g. This paper will discuss the thermal degradation of IM7/DMBZ-15 graphite composite and DMBZ-15 polyimide resin (T-g = 414degreesC (1,2)) as a function of heating rate (150, 100 and 50degreesC/min) and temperature (375, 400, 425, 450 and 475degreesC), under N-2, using thermogravimetric analysis/Fourier transform infrared (TGA/FTIR) and single pass "Thunderdome" attenuated total reflectance (TD ATR)/FTIR. The initial evolution of large volumes of gas (Mostly CH4, CO, CO2 and H2O with other minor gaseous products) occurs in a fairly narrow temperature (or time) region from just below to slightly above the T-g followed by a second region of degradation products, such as, NH3 and an amide resin fragment starting at 425 - 450degreesC. CH4 and CO show an exponential rise with temperature while CO2 and H2O only show a linear increase. Total gas volume normalized to sample weight (and weight loss) during the initial rapid gas evolution shows an exponential increase with temperature but only a linear rise with heating rate. The rapid evolution of gases (primarily CH4, CO, CO2 and H2O) from the thermal degradation of the composite matrix is shown to be the cause of the "catastrophic" delamination (or blistering). The onset of rapid gas evolution occurs at the high heating rate T-g of the resin (release temperature), which is lower than the "nominal" T-g determined at low heating rate. Data also shows that the graphite fibers contribute little to the large volume of gases evolved during rapid heating to high temperatures of the IM7/DMBZ-15 composite. TD ATR of unheated versus heated composite samples shows loss of -CH3 and shifts in aliphatic and aromatic -CH bands, indicating surface, as well as, internal damage occurs with increasing temperature. This small-scale low cost analysis method should enable prediction of which new composite materials to scale up for high temperature missile applications. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Nadler, MP (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC ADVANCEMENT MATERIAL & PROCESS ENGINEERING PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DR,, COVINA, CA 91724-3748 USA SN 0892-2624 BN 0-938994-91-3 J9 INT SAMPE TECH CONF PY 2001 VL 33 BP 107 EP 119 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BT76Y UT WOS:000173976200011 ER PT S AU Adkins, JD Eaton, TA Perez, AJ AF Adkins, JD Eaton, TA Perez, AJ BE Falcone, A Nelson, KM Albers, R Avery, WB TI Potential aminoquinone inhibitors of CE and BMI/carbon fiber/aluminum composite galvanic degradation SO ADVANCING AFFORDABLE MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY SE INTERNATIONAL SAMPE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International SAMPE Technical Conference CY NOV 05-08, 2001 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Soc Advancement Mat & Process Engn, Seattle Chapter DE corrosion resistance; cyanate ester; bismaleimides ID QUINONE-AMINE POLYMERS; FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES; DAMAGE; CORROSION AB Bismaleimide (BMI) and cyanate ester (CE) resins are susceptible to degradation by hydrolysis. The chemical conditions necessary to effect resin hydrolysis can be generated by galvanic activity induced in resin/carbon fiber/metal composite structures by salt water/air environments. The objective of this study was to identify resin additives that mitigate resin hydrolysis by mediating the production of chemically basic galvanic corrosion byproducts. A number of aminoquinone compounds were both synthesized and procured for testing as potential inhibitors of the galvanic degradation observed in CE and BMI resin/carbon fiber/aluminum composite structures, It was found that compounds that indicated redox activity in non-aqueous cyclic voltammetry testing, and were soluble in the resin matrix, provided levels of resin hydrolysis protection. This was shown in model CE composites with carbon fiber (70% by weight) under accelerated exposure conditions. The use of these inhibitors in certain aircraft composite structures could either alleviate the requirements for extensive structures overdesign or provide additional degradation protection. C1 Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Adkins, JD (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC ADVANCEMENT MATERIAL & PROCESS ENGINEERING PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DR,, COVINA, CA 91724-3748 USA SN 0892-2624 BN 0-938994-91-3 J9 INT SAMPE TECH CONF PY 2001 VL 33 BP 911 EP 923 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BT76Y UT WOS:000173976200081 ER PT S AU Rivera, RO Mehta, NK AF Rivera, RO Mehta, NK BE Falcone, A Nelson, KM Albers, R Avery, WB TI Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy evaluation of primed BMI-graphite/aluminum galvanic system SO ADVANCING AFFORDABLE MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY SE INTERNATIONAL SAMPE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International SAMPE Technical Conference CY NOV 05-08, 2001 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Soc Advancement Mat & Process Engn, Seattle Chapter DE bismaleimides; corrosion resistance; high temperature composites AB Use of bismaleimide (BMI)-graphite composite materials Is on the rise in engineering applications, especially in the design of new state-of-the-art DOD and U.S. Navy aircraft. The primary advantage of BMI-based systems is the increase in service temperature range over conventional epoxies from approximately 300-350 to 400-450degreesF. During manufacture of aircraft components, as well as repairs to items damaged in-service, BMI-graphite and aluminum parts need to be assembled together using either adhesives or fasteners. Under appropriate moisture conditions, a galvanic cell Is established within the BMI-graphite/aluminum assembly that could result in degradation of the BMI resin. Real time recognition of this degradation during Its early stages Is essential in establishing a successful plan to correct the problem. Earlier Navy work performed in 2000 demonstrated that Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Is a viable analytical technique that call he used for detection of BMI degradation at the molecular level prior to any visual evidence of the failing critical component made of the composite material. The work presented here provides EIS results on the performance of several configurations of titanium-bolted, primed BMI-graphite/aluminum assemblies exposed to 3.5% salt water at 180degrees F. Epoxy primer, following military specification MIL-P-23377, was applied to all surfaces Prior to testing. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Rivera, RO (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC ADVANCEMENT MATERIAL & PROCESS ENGINEERING PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DR,, COVINA, CA 91724-3748 USA SN 0892-2624 BN 0-938994-91-3 J9 INT SAMPE TECH CONF PY 2001 VL 33 BP 924 EP 937 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BT76Y UT WOS:000173976200082 ER PT S AU Kent, DC AF Kent, DC BE Fishell, WG Andraitis, AA TI The SHAred Reconnaissance Pod (SHARP) Program SO AIRBORNE RECONNAISSANCE XXV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Airborne Reconnaissance XXV CY JUL 30, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE DE SHARP; reconnaissance; navy; F/A-18; tactical; TARPS; multi-platform; smart pod; precision strike; hyperspectral; shared; pod AB The SHAred Reconnaissance Pod (SHARP) Program is a United States Navy tactical reconnaissance program that culminates in the supply of visible and infrared imagery products to the fleet. The intent of the program is to provide the warfighter the most robust tactical reconnaissance capability possible in a timely manner. ne SHARP concept is a multi-function reconnaissance pod, adaptable to several airborne platforms for tactical manned airborne reconnaissance. The genesis platform is the Navy F/A-18. With regard to multi-platform application, a "smart pod" approach has been pursued with most of the required functionality being incorporated into the pod. SHARP will replace the Tactical Airborne Reconnaissance Pod System (TARPS) flying on the Navy F-14. This paper outlines the SHARP Program requirements and acquisition approach, along with the SHARP system capabilities and operation. C1 Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Kent, DC (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4206-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4492 BP 42 EP 52 DI 10.1117/12.451130 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BU13K UT WOS:000175125600005 ER PT B AU Van Nevel, AJ AF Van Nevel, AJ BE Javidi, B Psaltis, D TI Image registration: A key element for information processing SO ALGORITHMS AND SYSTEMS FOR OPTICAL INFORMATION PROCESSING V LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms and Systems for Optical Information Processing V CY JUL 31-AUG 02, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE ID REPRESENTATION; RECOGNITION AB In this paper we present a brief review and examples of image registration. When one wishes to fuse multiple images from disparate sources, the first step is image registration, finding the appropriate transform which maps pixels in image 1 to the corresponding pixels in image 2. Only after this step one may begin to correctly fuse and process information from both images simultaneously. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Van Nevel, AJ (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA BN 0-8194-4185-6 PY 2001 BP 190 EP 200 AR UNSP 4471-35 DI 10.1117/12.449351 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BU13S UT WOS:000175126800021 ER PT J AU Schuckit, MA Kraft, HS Hurtado, SL Tschinkel, SA Minagawa, R Shaffer, RA AF Schuckit, MA Kraft, HS Hurtado, SL Tschinkel, SA Minagawa, R Shaffer, RA TI A measure of the intensity of response to alcohol in a military population SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE LA English DT Article ID RISK; SENSITIVITY; DEPENDENCE; DISORDERS; ABUSE; MEN AB Heavy drinking and associated problems are relatively common in young men, including those in a military setting. This article explores characteristics of alcohol intake and associated difficulties and their relationship to a self-report of the usual intensity of response to alcohol in a sample of U.S. Marines. Two questionnaires related to demography and alcohol use histories, along with a simple, 12-item self-report measure of the usual number of drinks to experience an effect (the Self-Rating of the Effects of Alcohol, SRE) were administered to 1320 U.S. Marines. The sample had an average age of 22 years, 78% were Caucasian, and 92% were enlisted personnel. The relationships and correlations among drinking characteristics and problems and the usual number of drinks for an effect were determined. These subjects, drank an average of 6 days per month, consuming an average of almost six drinks per drinking day, and reported more than three times per month in which they consumed six or more drinks per occasion. Consistent with studies of other populations, the SRE measures of intensity of response to alcohol showed a positive correlation with both drinking practices and problems, with the latter remaining significant even after controlling for recent drinking practices. The prodigious level of alcohol intake and associated problems, along with the SIZE scores, indicate that the Marine Corps personnel are at especially high risk for alcohol-related life problems. These data also support the potential usefulness of the SIZE both in identifying individuals likely to have more severe alcohol profiles and in educating individuals regarding their levels of risk for alcohol abuse and dependence. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92161 USA. Vet Affairs San Diego Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92161 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Optimal Readiness Res Program, San Diego, CA USA. Geoctr, San Diego, CA USA. RP Schuckit, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr, San Diego, CA 92161 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [2RO1 AA05526] NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 0095-2990 J9 AM J DRUG ALCOHOL AB JI Am. J. Drug Alcohol Abuse PY 2001 VL 27 IS 4 BP 749 EP 757 DI 10.1081/ADA-100107666 PG 9 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 493RJ UT WOS:000172237000009 PM 11727887 ER PT S AU Bergman, AF DeKruger, DH AF Bergman, AF DeKruger, DH BE Sadjadi, FA TI Automatically scoring LADAR detectors using target descriptors SO AUTOMATIC TARGET RECOGNITION XI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Conference on Automatic Target Recognition CY APR 17-20, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE automatic scoring; automatic target recognition; detection; LADAR; performance analysis AB The volume of data that must be processed to characterize the performance of target detection algorithms over a complex parameter space requires automated analysis. This paper discusses a methodology for automatically scoring the results from a diversity of detectors producing several different forms of detected regions. The ability to automatically score detector outputs without using full target templates or models has advantages. Using target descriptors - primarily target sizes and locations-reduces the computational cost of matching detected regions against truthed targets in various scenes. It also diminishes the size of and the difficulty of creating an image-truth database. Theoretical considerations are presented. Overcoming issues associated with using limited truth information is explained. Concepts and use of the Auto-Score package are also discussed. The performances of several different laser radar (LADAR) target detectors, applied to imagery containing scenes with targets and both natural and man-made clutter, have been characterized with the aid of Auto-Score. Automatic scoring examples are taken from this domain. However, the scoring process is applicable to detectors operating on other problems and other kinds of data as well. The target-descriptor scoring concept and Auto-Score implementation were originated to support the development of a configurable automatic target recognition (ATR) system for LADAR data, under the auspices of the Office of Naval Research. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Target Recognit Branch, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Bergman, AF (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Target Recognit Branch, 1 Adm Circle,Code 452500D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4074-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4379 BP 15 EP 24 DI 10.1117/12.445369 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BT41N UT WOS:000172924200002 ER PT S AU Hodge, J DeKruger, D Park, A AF Hodge, J DeKruger, D Park, A BE Sadjadi, FA TI Mobile target LADAR ATR system SO AUTOMATIC TARGET RECOGNITION XI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Conference on Automatic Target Recognition CY APR 17-20, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE automatic target recognition; LADAR; shape fusion; template matching AB The Mobile Target Acquisition System (MTAS) is an automatic target recognition (ATR) system developed by the Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division, China Lake, CA, under funding by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) to detect and identify mobile target laser detection and ranging (LADAR) range signatures. The primary objective was to achieve high correct system identification rates for range signatures of relatively low numbers of pixels on target and, at the same time, maintain a low system identification false alarm rate. WAS met this objective by stressing conservation and efficient exploitation of target information at all levels of processing. Adaptive noise cleaning conserves target information by filtering pixels only when the pixel and its neighbors satisfied the criteria for range dropouts. The MTAS detector holds false alarms to a low level by convolving synthetic templates with the gradient of the range image and fusing the resulting correlation surface with a blob size filter. Mobile target identification fuses 2-D silhouette shape with 3-D (21/2-D) volumetric shape where the mixture of 2- and 3-D shapes is controlled by a single parameter. The match between the measured LADAR range signature and the synthetic range template efficiently and effectively exploits scarce target information by including all target and template pixels in the Fuzzy Tanimoto Distance similarity measure. This system has successfully detected and identified measured mobile LADAR target signatures with 200 pixels on target and greater with a low confuser identification rate and no system clutter identification false alarms. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Target Recognit Branch, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Hodge, J (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Target Recognit Branch, 1 Adm Circle,Code 452320D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4074-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4379 BP 35 EP 50 DI 10.1117/12.445389 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BT41N UT WOS:000172924200004 ER PT S AU Cook, TD AF Cook, TD BE Sadjadi, FA TI Results of ladar ATR captive flight testing experiments SO AUTOMATIC TARGET RECOGNITION XI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Conference on Automatic Target Recognition CY APR 17-20, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE ladar; automatic target recognition; aim-point selection; detection; algorithm performance AB As part of an ongoing captive flight test demonstration project at the Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC), China Lake, CA, two Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) algorithms were implemented in hardware, integrated with the second in a series of ladar sensors. and flown aboard a T-39 aircraft against both fixed and stationary mobile target sites on the ranges of the Naval Air Weapons Station (NAWS), also at China Lake, CA. The first ATR algorithm was developed to recognize fixed targets and to select aim-points with a performance goal of a five pixel Circular Error Probability (CEP.) The second ATR algorithm was developed to detect stationary mobile targets. such as tanks and trucks. The performance goal for this algorithm was to achieve 90% probability of detection. Both of these algorithms operate by exploiting the very accurate 3D geometry provided by the ladar. This paper describes the 1999 and 2000 captive flight tests involving these two algorithms, including the flight tests themselves, the hardware implementations, and the resulting ATR performance. Additionally, the large ladar data set, collected during twenty-four two-hour flights, will be briefly described. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Cook, TD (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, 1 Adm Circle,Code 471500D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4074-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4379 BP 78 EP 85 DI 10.1117/12.445353 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BT41N UT WOS:000172924200008 ER PT S AU Van Nevel, AJ AF Van Nevel, AJ BE Sadjadi, FA TI Automatic registration of sequential ladar imagery SO AUTOMATIC TARGET RECOGNITION XI SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Conference on Automatic Target Recognition CY APR 17-20, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE ID RECOGNITION AB In this work we present an algorithm used to automatically register a sequence of ladar images taken from a sensor flying a known flight path. The registration is performed with no human operator intervention. The resulting mosaic is accurate to one pixel. The algorithmic approach was developed in such a way to allow for near real time processing. The initial method can be extended to registration of multiple views of a scene, with four degrees of freedom (translation and in plane rotation). In this work we will restrict ourselves to rigid body transformations. The registered mosaic is an important step in geolocation using a reference digital elevation map, and will be explored in future work. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Van Nevel, AJ (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4074-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4379 BP 103 EP 111 DI 10.1117/12.445356 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BT41N UT WOS:000172924200011 ER PT B AU Stamm, J Sarkar, T Kolundzija, B Salazar-Palma, M AF Stamm, J Sarkar, T Kolundzija, B Salazar-Palma, M GP IEEE IEEE TI Analysis of transmission line structures using a dynamic analysis through WIPL-D SO ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE OF ELECTRONIC PACKAGING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Topical Meeting on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging CY OCT 29-31, 2001 CL CAMBRIDGE, MA SP IEEE Microwave Theory & Techn Soc, IEEE Components, Packaging & Mfg Technol Soc AB In packaging systems it is necessary to compute radiation from printed circuits. Analysis of radiation from printed circuits is quite difficult because the codes that are generally used for far fast efficient calculation of transients on these systems due to different loads are often not capable of analyzing radiation. On the other hand, dynamic solutions that calculate radiation from printed circuits often require large computational resources as it needs to calculate the electric fields from structures that are very closely spaced and thus require significant computational accuracy. What we show is that using entire domain basis one can provide accurate dynamic solutions for transmission like structures. Because in this expansion one uses an entire domain basis, the charge along the structure is continuous and therefore provides accurate values of the near fields. Typically in using an entire domain basis one can reduce the size of the matrix on large structures typically by a factor of ten. Hence large packaging problems can be solved using modest computational resources quite efficiently. Numerical results are presented to illustrate these principles. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Stamm, J (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RI Salazar Palma, Magdalena/C-4447-2015 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7024-4 PY 2001 BP 55 EP 58 DI 10.1109/EPEP.2001.967610 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BT41L UT WOS:000172924000014 ER PT B AU Posada, M DeLoach, J Reynolds, AP Skinner, M Halpin, JP AF Posada, M DeLoach, J Reynolds, AP Skinner, M Halpin, JP BE Jata, KV Mahoney, MW Mishra, RS Semiatin, SL Field, DP TI Friction stir weld evaluation of DH-36 and stainless steel weldments SO FRICTION STIR WELDING AND PROCESSING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Symposium on Friction Stir Welding and Processing held in Conjunction with the Fall Meeting of the TMS CY NOV, 2001 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP TMS, Mat Process & Mfg Div, Shaping & Forming Comm, Texture & Anisotropy Comm AB Friction stir welds were produced from 6.4 mm. (1/4-inch) thick DH-36 steel and 304L stainless steel. Single-sided DH-36 welds and both single-sided and double-sided 304L welds were evaluated. During weld trials, the welding parameters were varied to develop a relationship between weld parameters and weld quality. As part of the friction stir welding process development, the microstructure and hardness profiles were evaluated as a function of weld energy. The microstructures of both DH-36 and 304L materials were observed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Unlike 304L, DH-36 experiences readily observable solid-state phase transformations during FSW. The phase transformations were observed in four distinct zones with hardness values decreasing as one moved away from the stir zone. Results from mechanical property testing showed higher tensile strengths in the weld region than the base. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Posada, M (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 2 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-502-6 PY 2001 BP 159 EP 171 PG 13 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA BT49C UT WOS:000173132500015 ER PT B AU Joshi, VS Lee, RJ AF Joshi, VS Lee, RJ BE Staudhammer, KP Murr, LE Meyers, MA TI High strain rate behavior of explosives containing polymeric binders SO FUNDAMENTAL ISSUES AND APPLICATIONS OF SHOCK-WAVE AND HIGH-STRAIN-RATE PHENOMENA, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Fundamental Issues and Applications of Shock-Wave and High-Strain-Rate Phenomena (EXPLOMET 2000) CY 2000 CL LOS ALMOS NATL LAB, ALBUQUERQUE, NM SP Univ Texas El Paso, Univ Calif San Diego, USA Off Res HO LOS ALMOS NATL LAB AB Compression tests have been performed on plastic bonded explosives at strain rates up to 2500/s and strains up to 0.3 using split Hopkinson pressure bar. Since strength of these composite explosives are far lower than that of any metallic materials, their deformation characteristics must be fully understood before any data reduction scheme can be applied successfully. High-resolution data acquisition and high-speed imaging techniques have been used to resolve the deformation characteristics in these materials. In this paper, inference of mechanisms of deformation from a combined approach will be presented. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Energet Mat Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Joshi, VS (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Energet Mat Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-08-043896-2 PY 2001 BP 43 EP 46 DI 10.1016/B978-008043896-2/50098-X PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BS53B UT WOS:000170232600007 ER PT S AU Miles, MH AF Miles, MH GP IEEE IEEE TI Recent advances in lithium battery technology SO GAAS IC SYMPOSIUM, TECHNICAL DIGEST 2001 SE TECHNICAL DIGEST - IEEE GALLIUM ARSENIDE INTEGRATED CIRCUIT SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Annual IEEE GaAs IC Symposium CY OCT 21-24, 2001 CL BALTIMORE, MD SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, IEEE Solid State Circuits Soc AB Portable electronics such as cellular telephones and laptop computers have produced a surge in battery development and the introduction of rechargeable lithium battery systems. The most dramatic improvement in rechargeable battery technology was the introduction of the lithium-ion battery in 1990. Today, the sale of lithium-ion systems dominates the rechargeable battery market. The cell voltage for any battery system is determined by the selection of the anode and cathode materials, and the electrolyte determines the chemistry of the system and the rate of the electrode reactions. Applications of lithium batteries range from cardiac pacemakers to thermal batteries for military operations. Various types of lithium batteries are discussed. The next major improvement in lithium battery technology will likely be the use of solid polymer electrolytes that provide a truly all-solid-state battery. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Res Dept, Weapons Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Miles, MH (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Res Dept, Weapons Div, Code 4T4220D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1064-7775 BN 0-7803-6663-8 J9 TG IEEE GAL ARS PY 2001 BP 219 EP 222 DI 10.1109/GAAS.2001.964382 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BT68H UT WOS:000173723800049 ER PT B AU Gill, JA Ferguson, F AF Gill, JA Ferguson, F BE Smari, WW TI A tool for the design and analysis of software safety-critical systems SO INFORMATION REUSE AND INTEGRATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration CY NOV 27-29, 2001 CL LAS VEGAS, NV SP Int Soc Comp & Their Applicat DE safety critical systems; neural nets; fuzzy logics; design requirements; software safety AB This paper describes a tool for the design and analysis of military systems with the objective of enhancing their safety-critical success. The tool uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to identify and link undesired system events to their mitigating requirements. An effective implementation of this tool requires all system events to be described in the form of linguistic inference flow charts, such as fault trees. Strategies to automatically process linguistic information include fuzzy logic, neural networks and expert rules. The DOORS(TM) project development and management software provides the platform upon which this tool is built. Also, where appropriate, subsystems are designed with the use of adaptive models, with the objective of enforcing safety requirements at subsystem interfaces. This paper highlights the development of this tool in relation to legacy systems, such as the H-60, and potentially to future systems such as Joint Strike Fighter (JSF). C1 NAVAIR, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Gill, JA (reprint author), NAVAIR, Patuxent River, MD USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY COMPUTER S & THEIR APPLICATIONS (ISCA) PI RALEIGH PA 8820 SIX FORKS ROAD, RALEIGH, NC 27615 USA BN 1-880843-41-2 PY 2001 BP 127 EP 132 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BV55V UT WOS:000179344300022 ER PT J AU Whitley, PE Paskoff, GR AF Whitley, PE Paskoff, GR TI Gender-related spinal injury assessment considerations in military aviation occupant protection modelling SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRASHWORTHINESS LA English DT Article ID COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH; PREDICTION; DENSITY AB In determining the risk of injury in the military aviation environment, a male and female of similar height and weight have been assumed to have the same risk of vertebral injury during an escape or crash scenario. A Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT) study has been performed to analytically quantify the vertebral strength properties between men and women for C5, T12 and L4. Significant differences were found between bone mineral density (BMD) by gender at C5 and vertebral dimension parameters at all locations by gender. The cross sectional area and BMD product, a measure of compressive strength, was significantly different for only C5 by gender. Predicted strength based on the area-density product was not different by location or gender but when predicted by area, age, gender, location and structure was significantly lower for females at L4. Using multiple and response surface regression, anthropometrical measures predicted BMD for males at T12 and L4; cross sectional area for females at L4 and males at C5; and area-density product at all locations for both genders. Given the lack of significant difference in area-density product at T12 and L4 by gender, males and females that fall within the parameters of this study group would appear to be at the same risk of vertebral compressive injury. Using the same arguments for C5, females demonstrated a 13% decrease in area-density product and would likely be at a greater risk for compressive injury than males. However, whether a relationship exists between the C5 area-density product and C5 compressive strength is not known. C1 Exponent Failure Anal Associates, Miami, FL USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Aircraft Div, Crew Syst Res & Engn Dept, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Whitley, PE (reprint author), Exponent Failure Anal Associates, Miami, FL USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1358-8265 J9 INT J CRASHWORTHINES JI Int. J. Crashworthiness PY 2001 VL 6 IS 3 BP 295 EP 305 DI 10.1533/cras.2001.0179 PG 11 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 467AB UT WOS:000170677400002 ER PT J AU Shender, BS Paskoff, G Askew, GK Coughlan, R Isdahl, W AF Shender, BS Paskoff, G Askew, GK Coughlan, R Isdahl, W TI Determination of head/neck loads during manoeuvring acceleration SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRASHWORTHINESS LA English DT Article ID NECK PAIN; GZ AB Neck injury risk can increase when aircrew wear head mounted equipment while exposed to +Gz-loads. The effects of added weight and change in centre-of-gravity were determined during a centrifuge study using an instrumented manikin at Brooks AFB, Texas. Data included centrifuge Gz, head acceleration (three axes). and head and C7-TI pitch moment, compressive and shear forces. Helicopter (0.5G/s at +1.75 and +4Gz) and tactical aircraft (2G/s and 6G/s from +4 to 12Gz) accelerations were simulated (5s plateau at each level). Effect of added weights (up to overall 2.7kg) were measured in the forward pitch and lateral planes and tested using ANOVA. Seven real helmet systems were also tested. Head Gx and Gy increased with increasing +Gz-load, head weight, as CG shifted in the forward pitch plane. and onset rate. Head Gz was greatest when weight was distributed laterally. The resultant head and neck force and moment increased with increasing weight, pitch angle, and +Gz load. Neck forces and moments were significantly larger than those measured in the head. C1 USN, Air Syst Team, Patuxent River, MD USA. AFRL, HEPM, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Shender, BS (reprint author), USN, Air Syst Team, Patuxent River, MD USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LIMITED PI LETCHWORTH PA BLACKHORSE RD, LETCHWORTH SG6 1HN, HERTS, ENGLAND SN 1358-8265 J9 INT J CRASHWORTHINES JI Int. J. Crashworthiness PY 2001 VL 6 IS 4 BP 585 EP 603 DI 10.1533/cras.2001.0200 PG 19 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 490KN UT WOS:000172051200011 ER PT J AU Hoffman, ME Hoffman, PC AF Hoffman, ME Hoffman, PC TI Corrosion and fatigue research - structural issues and relevance to naval aviation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Fatigue Damage of Structural Materials CY SEP 17-22, 2000 CL HYANNIS, MASSACHUSETTS DE fatigue; corrosion; prediction; military; aircraft AB The sea environment is the most structurally hostile of environments within which aircraft operate. Naval aviation operations routinely expose structural components to salt spray and high loads, especially during landings. The result is component lives occasionally end prematurely due to corrosion-assisted fatigue, or fatigue with other compounding factors. The occurrences of these unplanned events increase with the number of years an aircraft remains in service. The susceptibility of aging aircraft to structural demise demands that we institute a paradigm shift to our approach to designing, maintaining and managing metallic aircraft structures subjected to repetitive loads and corrosive environment. Is corrosion and fatigue research heading in the right direction to solve real and potential problems in aging naval aircraft? This paper provides an overview of how we validate and assess service life. The key issues involved in managing life-critical parts during their operation are the adjusting of inspections, and the effect of operational discoveries of flaws or failures, which disrupt our perceptions of the structural condition, on total life designation. The management issues with respect to an aging operation fleet of naval aircraft will be described from the view of the structural life management team. Research in corrosion and fatigue of metals must answer to the tactical aircraft manager's needs. For structures and materials research to transition into practice, it must focus on producing data and test results useful for making life decisions. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Aircraft Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Hoffman, ME (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Aircraft Div, Struct Div Bldg 2187,Suite 2320A,48110 Shaw Rd,Un, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 7 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PY 2001 VL 23 SU S BP S1 EP S10 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 508DB UT WOS:000173071800002 ER PT B AU Kersten, PR Lee, RRY AF Kersten, PR Lee, RRY BE Smith, MH Gruver, WA Hall, LO TI Segmenting Polarimetric SAR Images using robust competitive clustering SO JOINT 9TH IFSA WORLD CONGRESS AND 20TH NAFIPS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS. 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International-Fuzzy-Systems-Association World Congress/20th North-American-Fuzzy-Information-Processing-Society, International Conference CY JUL 25-28, 2001 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Int Fuzzy Syst Assoc, N Amer Fuzzy Informat Proc Soc, IEEE Syst, Man & Cybernet Soc, IEEE, Neural Networks Council ID CLASSIFICATION AB Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (POLSAR) Images have great potential for land-use management, provided the images can be efficiently segmented. This paper describes the application of the robust competitive agglomeration (RCA) clustering algorithm to POLSAR images to segment the images. Examples are presented and future efforts are discussed. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, RF Sensors Branch, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Kersten, PR (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, RF Sensors Branch, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-7078-3 PY 2001 BP 1140 EP 1144 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA BT52S UT WOS:000173245100200 ER PT J AU DeKruger, D Hodge, J Bezdek, JC Keller, JM Gader, P AF DeKruger, D Hodge, J Bezdek, JC Keller, JM Gader, P TI Detecting mobile land targets in LADAR imagery with fuzzy algorithms SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & FUZZY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE data fusion; fuzzy systems; image processing; LADAR images; mobile land targets; target detection ID RECOGNITION AB We describe an automatic target detection system whose objective is to detect surface-to-air missile launchers and tanks-small, mobile land targets. The system uses range and intensity images from a Laser Detection and Ranging (LADAR) sensor. Each type of image is filtered and passed to a pair of (different) detectors. Outputs from the four detectors are subsequently filtered with a Choquet fuzzy integral, and then fused with a generalized mean. Finally, blob detections are superposed on intensity images for visual assessment, and blob windows are compared to ground truth to compute performance statistics. The system is illustrated using images from two scenes available in several volumes of the Joint Advanced Weapons Guidance data; a target board site, and the so-called "Chicken Little" outer compound. The main objective of this article is to document the proposed architecture-a novel target detection approach based on fuzzy decision theory-as a proof of concept. We have left detailed comparisons with other approaches, as well as concrete error rate analysis, to another investigation. C1 Univ W Florida, Dept Comp Sci, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Univ Missouri, CECS Dept, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Bezdek, JC (reprint author), Univ W Florida, Dept Comp Sci, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA. EM jbezdek@uwf.edu NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1064-1246 J9 J INTELL FUZZY SYST JI J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst. PY 2001 VL 10 IS 3-4 BP 197 EP 213 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA 619KV UT WOS:000179475900005 ER PT J AU Savrun, E Scott, WD Harris, DC AF Savrun, E Scott, WD Harris, DC TI The effect of titanium doping on the high-temperature rhombohedral twinning of sapphire SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB C-axis compressive strengths of pure and titanium-doped sapphire were measured at 600 degreesC in air. Single crystal sapphire was doped with both titanium (3+) and titanium (4+) ions from mixtures initially containing 0.05% wt. to 0.25% wt. Ti2O3 in Al2O3. It was shown that both valence state and concentration of titanium were important in slowing down twin boundary movement under c-axis compression. Titanium (4+) doping did not adversely affect the thermal conductivity and infrared optical properties of sapphire. (C) 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Sienna Technol Inc, Woodinville, WA 98072 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Savrun, E (reprint author), Sienna Technol Inc, 19501 144th Ave NE, Woodinville, WA 98072 USA. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 6 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PY 2001 VL 36 IS 9 BP 2295 EP 2301 DI 10.1023/A:1017576907831 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 426DD UT WOS:000168333800021 ER PT J AU Haws, RG Noall, JS Daines, RL AF Haws, RG Noall, JS Daines, RL TI Computational investigation of a method to compress air fluidically in supersonic inlets SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA 37th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit CY JAN 11-14, 1999 CL RENO, NEVADA SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut AB The inlet is an important component in high-speed airbreathing engines. Whereas a variable-geometry inlet maximizes performance, it adds weight and complexity to the engine. Fixed-geometry inlets are limited to low contraction ratios to allow the initial normal shock to be swallowed and the engine to start. A novel fixed-geometry inlet configuration that uses a high-speed jet to act as the contact surface and compress the air is computationally investigated. Adjusting the jet pressure alters the contact surface and allows shock-on-lip conditions to be maintained over a range of flight Mach numbers without a movable flowpath. This configuration allows a low-blockage flowpath for low flight speeds, resulting in low spillage, while maintaining high compression in scramjet mode. Flow solutions are obtained using a Navier-Stokes solver. Flowfield details are presented and discussed, including the shock patterns and mixing between the jet and air. Shock-on-lip is demonstrated at varying flight Mach numbers, and associated effects on the flowfield are presented. Global analysis indicates that minimizing jet mass flow is a key to applying this concept to practical engines. C1 Brigham Young Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Haws, RG (reprint author), USN, Aeromech & Thermal Anal Branch, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD JAN-FEB PY 2001 VL 38 IS 1 BP 51 EP 59 DI 10.2514/2.3654 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 400RP UT WOS:000166885700008 ER PT S AU DeSandre, L Langston, P Pentony, J Marrs, D Ogloza, A AF DeSandre, L Langston, P Pentony, J Marrs, D Ogloza, A BE Thompson, WE Merritt, PH TI Characterization of turbulent atmospheric induced optical distortion by passive phase diversity techniques SO LASER WEAPONS TECHNOLOGY II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Weapons Technology II CY APR 16-17, 2001 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SPIE DE phase recovery; phase diversity; transport-of-intensity; atmospheric turbulence AB Optical fields propagating through the Earth's turbulent atmosphere are subject to time varying phase distortions, These phase distortions place severe limitations on electro-optical systems, such as imaging, tracking and vibrometry sensors. The generation of artificial beacons by laser backscatter (guide stars) for wavefront sensing may not be acceptable and natural beacons for wavefront sensing may not be available. Diversity techniques, however, allow passive wavefront measurement of the aberrated wavefront. This paper reports a phase diversity method based upon the transport-of-intensity equation for recovering phase from irradiance measurements. Digitized intensity data over a rectangular array of data is expanded into Zernike polynomials and a matrix method used to solve the transport-of-intensity equation. The phase diversity technique is evaluated in the pupil as well as the focal plane. Simulation and experimental data is provided. C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr Weapons Div, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP DeSandre, L (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr Weapons Div, Dept Res, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-4071-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2001 VL 4376 BP 161 EP 176 DI 10.1117/12.438175 PG 16 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BT16K UT WOS:000172147000017 ER EF