FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU DERRICKSON, KC WARKENTIN, IG AF DERRICKSON, KC WARKENTIN, IG TI THE ROLE OF EGG-CAPPING IN THE EVOLUTION OF EGGSHELL REMOVAL SO CONDOR LA English DT Note DE BEHAVIOR; EGGS; NEST; EGG-CAPPING; EGGSHELL REMOVAL ID NORTHERN MOCKINGBIRDS; MIMUS-POLYGLOTTOS RP DERRICKSON, KC (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT ZOOL RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 SN 0010-5422 J9 CONDOR JI Condor PD AUG PY 1991 VL 93 IS 3 BP 757 EP 759 DI 10.2307/1368210 PG 3 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA GG626 UT WOS:A1991GG62600032 ER PT J AU DOLAN, JR AF DOLAN, JR TI GUILDS OF CILIATE MICROZOOPLANKTON IN THE CHESAPEAKE BAY SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE PLANKTON COMPOSITION; CILIATA; MICROPLANKTON; PLANKTON DISTRIBUTION; CHESAPEAKE BAY ID GRAZING RATES; FOOD SOURCE; BACTERIA; MICROORGANISMS; ESTUARY; WATERS; BACTERIOPLANKTON; PHYTOPLANKTON; ZOOPLANKTON; POPULATIONS RP DOLAN, JR (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,POB 28,EDGEWATER,MD 21037, USA. RI Dolan, John/A-4513-2009 OI Dolan, John/0000-0002-9454-1355 NR 50 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0272-7714 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 33 IS 2 BP 137 EP 152 DI 10.1016/0272-7714(91)90003-T PG 16 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA GA645 UT WOS:A1991GA64500003 ER PT J AU CAMERON, AGW BENZ, W AF CAMERON, AGW BENZ, W TI THE ORIGIN OF THE MOON AND THE SINGLE IMPACT HYPOTHESIS-IV SO ICARUS LA English DT Article RP CAMERON, AGW (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 22 TC 158 Z9 161 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0019-1035 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD AUG PY 1991 VL 92 IS 2 BP 204 EP 216 DI 10.1016/0019-1035(91)90046-V PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA GA979 UT WOS:A1991GA97900003 ER PT J AU BOWMAN, TE AF BOWMAN, TE TI EPISCHURA-FLUVIATILIS HERRICK, 1883 (COPEPODA, CALANOIDA, TEMORIDAE), 1ST REPORT FROM SOUTH-CAROLINA, WITH NOTES ON SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN THE CAUDAL RAMI AND ITS POSSIBLE ROLE IN MATING SO JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Epischura fluviatilis is reported from L Lake, near Aiken, South Carolina. Its diagnostic features are described and illustrated. Excavations on one caudal ramus surface, left dorsal in female, right ventral in male, could fit together during copulation and help to secure the copulatory position. RP BOWMAN, TE (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT INVERTEBRATE ZOOL CRUSTACEA,NHB-163,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRUSTACEAN SOC PI SAN ANTONIO PA 840 EAST MULBERRY, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78212 SN 0278-0372 J9 J CRUSTACEAN BIOL JI J. Crustac. Biol. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 11 IS 3 BP 460 EP 462 DI 10.2307/1548471 PG 3 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA FZ660 UT WOS:A1991FZ66000011 ER PT J AU DINERSTEIN, E AF DINERSTEIN, E TI SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN THE GREATER ONE-HORNED RHINOCEROS (RHINOCEROS-UNICORNIS) SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article AB To assess sexual dimorphism in the greater one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis), morphometric data were collected from 50 free-ranging individuals in Royal Chitwan National Park, Nepal. Twenty-two mensural and 16 nonmensural characters from 43 anesthetized individuals and seven carcasses, representing 4% of the entire wild population, provided the basis for this analysis. Adult males and females differed significantly in only a few of the mensural characters. Adult males developed significantly longer mandibular incisors and significantly greater neck musculature than females. Long incisors (rather than horns), powerful neck and shoulder musculature, and extensive neck and shoulder skin folds figured prominently in fights and displays between breeding-age males. Males born in zoos often are > 25-cm taller at the shoulder and considerably larger in mass than females. Reduced size dimorphism in free-ranging animals, as observed in this study, may be explained by greater stress on males and poor nutrition during the long nonbreeding interval when young adults are harassed by dominant males and are excluded from prime grazing areas. C1 SMITHSONIAN NEPAL TERAI ECOL PROJECT,CONSERVAT & RES CTR,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MAMMALOGISTS PI PROVO PA BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV, DEPT OF ZOOLOGY, PROVO, UT 84602 SN 0022-2372 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 72 IS 3 BP 450 EP 457 DI 10.2307/1382127 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA GB706 UT WOS:A1991GB70600002 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, ST SCHILLER, CA AF ANDERSON, ST SCHILLER, CA TI RHEUMATOID-LIKE ARTHRITIS IN A LION TAILED MACAQUE SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; MACAQUES; MACACA-SILENUS; PRIMATES; MONKEYS ID II COLLAGEN; RHESUS-MONKEYS; NONHUMAN PRIMATE AB Very few satisfactory models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) exist in nonhuman species. It is particularly striking that nonhuman primates have only rarely been described to have disease processes resembling classic RA seen in humans. We describe the case of a lion tailed macaque (Macaca silenus), housed at the National Zoological Park in Washington DC, that had a polyarticular inflammatory arthropathy resembling RA. Gross and histopathologic examination of necropsy tissues and radiographic findings strongly suggest a rheumatoid-like disease, never before described in this species. C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,DIV RHEUMATOL IMMUNOL & ALLERGY,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 18 IS 8 BP 1247 EP 1250 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA GD956 UT WOS:A1991GD95600028 PM 1941834 ER PT J AU STEPHENSEN, CB JACOB, JR MONTALI, RJ HOLMES, KV MUCHMORE, E COMPANS, RW ARMS, ED BUCHMEIER, MJ LANFORD, RE AF STEPHENSEN, CB JACOB, JR MONTALI, RJ HOLMES, KV MUCHMORE, E COMPANS, RW ARMS, ED BUCHMEIER, MJ LANFORD, RE TI ISOLATION OF AN ARENAVIRUS FROM A MARMOSET WITH CALLITRICHID HEPATITIS AND ITS SEROLOGIC ASSOCIATION WITH DISEASE SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS; PRIMARY CHIMPANZEE HEPATOCYTES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION; TAMARINS; PROTEIN AB Callitrichid hepatitis (CH) is an acute, often fatal viral infection of New World primates from the family Callitrichidae. The etiologic agent of CH is unknown. We report here the isolation of an arenavirus from a common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) with CH by using in vitro cultures of marmoset hepatocytes and Vero-E6 cells. Enveloped virions 67 to 133 nm in diameter with ribosomelike internal structures were seen in infected cultures. Immunofluorescence and Western immunoblot analysis using CH-specific antisera (principally from animals exposed to CH during zoo outbreaks) revealed three antigens in cells infected with this CH-associated virus (CHV). These antigens had the same electrophoretic mobilities on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels as did the nucleocapsid, GP2, and GPC proteins of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Monoclonal antibodies specific for these arenavirus proteins also reacted with the three CHV antigens. Conversely, the CH-specific antisera reacted with the nucleocapsid, GP2, and GPC proteins of LCMV. CHV thus appears to be a close antigenic relative of LCMV. The serologic association of CHV with several CH outbreaks implicate it as the etiologic agent of this disease. C1 UNIV ALABAMA, SCH MED, DEPT MICROBIOL, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35294 USA. UNIV ALABAMA, CTR COMPREHENS CANC, ELECTRON MICROSCOPY CORE FACIL, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35294 USA. SW FDN BIOMED RES, DEPT VIROL & IMMUNOL, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. SMITHSONIAN INST, DEPT PATHOL, NATL ZOOL PK, WASHINGTON, DC 20008 USA. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI, DEPT PATHOL, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. NYU MED CTR, EXPTL MED & SURG PRIMATES LAB, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA. Scripps Res Inst, RES INST, DEPT NEUROPHARMACOL, DIV VIROL, LA JOLLA, CA 92037 USA. RP STEPHENSEN, CB (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA, SCH PUBL HLTH, DEPT PUBL HLTH SCI, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35294 USA. RI Compans, Richard/I-4087-2013 OI Compans, Richard/0000-0003-2360-335X FU NCI NIH HHS [CA13148]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR00463]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI27203] NR 20 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 65 IS 8 BP 3995 EP 4000 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA FY297 UT WOS:A1991FY29700003 PM 1712856 ER PT J AU WASHBURN, WE AF WASHBURN, WE TI NATIVE-AMERICANS - 5 CENTURIES OF CHANGING IMAGES - TRENTON,P, HOULIHAN,PT SO PACIFIC HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Book Review RP WASHBURN, WE (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIF PRESS PI BERKELEY PA JOURNALS DEPT 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 SN 0030-8684 J9 PAC HIST REV JI Pac. Hist. Rev. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 60 IS 3 BP 394 EP 395 PG 2 WC History SC History GA GD530 UT WOS:A1991GD53000005 ER PT J AU MOORE, RA SCOTT, TC AF MOORE, RA SCOTT, TC TI QUANTIZATION OF 2ND-ORDER LAGRANGIANS - MODEL PROBLEM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC-INTERACTIONS; PARTICLE; DYNAMICS; THEOREM; PROOF AB Many aspects of a model problem, the Lagrangian of which contains a term depending quadratically on the acceleration, are examined in the regime where the classical solution consists of two independent normal modes. It is shown that the techniques of conversion to a problem of Lagrange, generalized mechanics, and Dirac's method for constrained systems all yield the same canonical form for the Hamiltonian. It is also seen that the resultant canonical equations of motion are equivalent to the Euler-Lagrange equations. In canonical form, all of the standard results apply, quantization follows in the usual way, and the interpretation of the results is straightforward. It is also demonstrated that perturbative methods fail, both classically and quantum mechanically, indicating the need for the nonperturbative techniques applied herein. Finally, it is noted that this result may have fundamental implications for certain relativistic theories. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,INST THEORET ATOM & MOLEC PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP MOORE, RA (reprint author), UNIV WATERLOO,GUELPH WATERLOO CTR GRAD WORK CHEM,WATERLOO N2L 3G1,ONTARIO,CANADA. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG 1 PY 1991 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1477 EP 1484 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.44.1477 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA GA169 UT WOS:A1991GA16900013 ER PT J AU RAYMOND, JC AF RAYMOND, JC TI SUPERNOVA-REMNANT SHOCK-WAVES CLOSE UP SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TEXAS-MEXICO CONF ON ASTROPHYSICS CY FEB 14-15, 1991 CL RICE UNIV, HOUSTON, TX HO RICE UNIV DE SHOCK WAVES; SUPERNOVA REMNANTS ID CYGNUS LOOP; OPTICAL-EMISSION; NOVA REMNANTS; HIGH-VELOCITY; IDENTIFICATION; FILAMENTS; SPECTRUM; SN-1006; MOTION; MODEL AB The supernova remnant shock fronts generally observed at optical and UV wavelengths are radiative shocks, which convert most of the thermal energy of the shocked gas into radiation. Much fainter, pure Balmer line emission is produced by nonradiative shocks in partially neutral gas. Because this emission arises very close to the shock front itself, it provides several important diagnostics for the physical processes in high-Mach-number collisionless shocks. RP RAYMOND, JC (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 47 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 103 IS 666 BP 781 EP 786 DI 10.1086/132881 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA GD537 UT WOS:A1991GD53700010 ER PT J AU ADAMS, RM AF ADAMS, RM TI THE AMAZING SPREAD OF AFRICAN BEES, DESPITE ALL THE FEARS OF ALARMISTS, MAY BE SEEN IN THE END AS BENEFICIAL SO SMITHSONIAN LA English DT Editorial Material RP ADAMS, RM (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SMITHSONIAN ASSOCIATES PI WASHINGTON PA 900 JEFFERSON DRIVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0037-7333 J9 SMITHSONIAN JI Smithsonian PD AUG PY 1991 VL 22 IS 5 BP 10 EP 10 PG 1 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA FY218 UT WOS:A1991FY21800001 ER PT J AU RIPLEY, SD AF RIPLEY, SD TI THE REPTILE AND THE RAIL - A WAR IN THE PACIFIC SO SMITHSONIAN LA English DT Article RP RIPLEY, SD (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SMITHSONIAN ASSOCIATES PI WASHINGTON PA 900 JEFFERSON DRIVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0037-7333 J9 SMITHSONIAN JI Smithsonian PD AUG PY 1991 VL 22 IS 5 BP 112 EP & PG 0 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA FY218 UT WOS:A1991FY21800026 ER PT J AU WU, ST SONG, MT MARTENS, PCH DRYER, M AF WU, ST SONG, MT MARTENS, PCH DRYER, M TI SHEAR-INDUCED INSTABILITY AND ARCH FILAMENT ERUPTION - A MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC (MHD) NUMERICAL-SIMULATION SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FREE MAGNETIC-FIELDS; LOWER SOLAR ATMOSPHERE; EULERIAN FICE SCHEME; WAVE MOTIONS; INDUCED MASS; EVOLUTION; ARCADE; FLARES; FLOWS AB We investigate, via a two-dimensional (nonplanar) MHD simulation, a situation wherein a bipolar magnetic field embedded in a stratified solar atmosphere (i.e., arch-filament-like structure) undergoes symmetrical shear motion at the footpoints. It was found that the vertical plasma flow velocities grow exponentially leading to a new type of global MHD-instability that could be characterized as a 'Dynamic Shearing Instability', with a growth rate of about square-root 8 VBAR(A)a, where VBAR(A) is the average Alfven speed and a-1 is the characteristic length scale. The growth rate grows almost linearly until it reaches the same order of magnitude as the Alfven speed. Then a nonlinear MHD instability occurs beyond this point. This simulation indicates the following physical consequences: the central loops are pinched by opposing Lorentz forces, and the outer closed loops stretch upward with the vertically-rising mass flow. This instability may apply to arch filament eruptions (AFE) and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). To illustrate the nonlinear dynamical shearing instability, a numerical example is given for three different values of the plasma beta that span several orders of magnitude. The numerical results were analyzed using a linearized asymptotic approach in which an analytical approximate solution for velocity growth is presented. Finally, this theoretical model is applied to describe the arch filament eruption as well as CMEs. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. LOCKHEED PALO ALTO RES LABS,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. NOAA,SPACE ENVIRONM LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. PURPLE MT OBSERV,NANJING,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP WU, ST (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT MECH ENGN,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899, USA. NR 27 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 134 IS 2 BP 353 EP 377 DI 10.1007/BF00152653 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FZ917 UT WOS:A1991FZ91700009 ER PT J AU NICOLSON, DH AF NICOLSON, DH TI GENERAL COMMITTEE REPORT-3 SO TAXON LA English DT Article AB Approves the German edition of the Code and, with comments, proposals recommended by the Spermatophyta Committee Report 36. RP NICOLSON, DH (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,NHB-166,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSN PLANT TAXONOMY PI BERLIN PA BOTANISCHER GARTEN & MUSEUM KONIGIN-LUISSE-STRASSE 6-8, W-1000 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0040-0262 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD AUG PY 1991 VL 40 IS 3 BP 461 EP 462 DI 10.2307/1223226 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA GD091 UT WOS:A1991GD09100010 ER PT J AU SCHIEWE, MC RALL, WF STUART, LD WILDT, DE AF SCHIEWE, MC RALL, WF STUART, LD WILDT, DE TI ANALYSIS OF CRYOPROTECTANT, COOLING RATE AND INSITU DILUTION USING CONVENTIONAL FREEZING OR VITRIFICATION FOR CRYOPRESERVING SHEEP EMBRYOS SO THERIOGENOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SHEEP; EMBRYOS; CRYOPROTECTANTS; CRYOPRESERVATION; VITRIFICATION ID THAWED BOVINE EMBRYOS; MOUSE EMBRYOS; CATTLE EMBRYOS; FROZEN; GLYCEROL; SURVIVAL; PRESERVATION; VIABILITY; DAMAGE; STRAWS AB Two studies were conducted to evaluate the influence of cryoprotectant, cooling rate, container and cryopreservation procedure on the post-thaw viability of sheep embryos. In Study 1, late morula- to blastocyst-stage embryos were exposed to 1 of 10 cryoprotectant (1.5 M, glycerol vs propylene glycol)-plunge temperature treatments. Embryos were placed in glass ampules and cooled at 1-degrees-C/min to -5-degrees-C, seeded and further cooled at 0.3-degrees-C/min to -15, -20, -25, -30 and -35-degrees-C before rapid cooling by direct placement in liquid nitrogen (LN2). Post-thaw embryo viability was improved (P < 0.01) when embryos were cooled to at least -30-degrees-C before LN2 plunging. Although there were no overt differences in embryo viability between cryoprotectant treatments (each resulted in live offspring after embryo transfer), there was a lower (P < 0.01) incidence of zona pellucida damage using propylene glycol (4%) compared to glycerol (40%). In Study 2, embryos were equilibrated in 1.5 M propylene glycol or glycerol or a vitrification solution (VS3a). Embryos treated in propylene glycol or glycerol were divided into ampule or one-step(R) straw treatments, cooled to -6-degrees-C at 1-degrees-C/min, seeded, cooled at 0.5-degrees-C/min to -35-degrees-C, held for 15 minutes and then transferred to LN2. Embryos vitrified in the highly concentrated VS3a (6.5 M glycerol + 6% bovine serum albumin) were transferred from room air to LN2 Vapor, and then stored in LN2. Propylene glycol- and glycerol-treated embryos in straws experienced lower (P < 0.05) degeneration rates (27%) and yielded more (P < 0.05) hatched blastocysts (73 and 60%, respectively) at 48 hours of culture and more (P < 0.05) trophoblastic outgrowths (67 and 53%, respectively) after 1 week than vitrified embryos (47, 40 and 20% respectively). In vitro development rate for VS3a-treated embryos was similar (P > 0.10) to that of ampule controls, which had fewer (P < 0.05) expanded blastocysts compared to similar straw treatments. Live offspring were produced from embryos cryopreserved by each straw treatment (propylene glycol, 3 of 7; glycerol, 1 of 7; VS3a, 2 of 7). In summary, freeze-preservation of sheep embryos was more effective in one-step straws than glass ampules and propylene glycol tended to be the optimum cryoprotectant. Furthermore, these findings demonstrate, for the first time, the biological competence of sheep embryos cryopreserved using the simple and rapid procedure of vitrification. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NATL CTR RES RESOURCES,VET RESOURCES PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP SCHIEWE, MC (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 47 TC 56 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 2 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN PI WOBURN PA 225 WILDWOOD AVE #UNITB PO BOX 4500, WOBURN, MA 01801-2084 SN 0093-691X J9 THERIOGENOLOGY JI Theriogenology PD AUG PY 1991 VL 36 IS 2 BP 279 EP 293 DI 10.1016/0093-691X(91)90386-R PG 15 WC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA FZ649 UT WOS:A1991FZ64900012 PM 16727000 ER PT J AU WALKER, TP STEIGMAN, G SCHRAMM, DN OLIVE, KA KANG, HS AF WALKER, TP STEIGMAN, G SCHRAMM, DN OLIVE, KA KANG, HS TI PRIMORDIAL NUCLEOSYNTHESIS REDUX SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ABUNDANCES; EARLY UNIVERSE; ELEMENTARY PARTICLES; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS ID BIG-BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; H-II REGIONS; THERMONUCLEAR REACTION-RATES; NEUTRON-LIFETIME MEASUREMENT; COSMIC-BACKGROUND-RADIATION; HELIUM ABUNDANCE; HALO DWARFS; LITHIUM ABUNDANCE; EARLY UNIVERSE; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS AB The latest nuclear reaction cross sections (including the most recent determinations of the neutron lifetime) are used to recalculate the abundances of deuterium, He-3, He-4, and Li-7 within the framework of primordial nucleosynthesis in the standard (homogeneous and isotropic) hot, big bang model. The observational data leading to estimates of (or bounds to) the primordial abundances of the light elements is reviewed with an emphasis on Li-7 and He-4. A comparison between theory and observation reveals the consistency of the predictions of the standard model and leads to bounds to the nucleon-to-photon ratio, 2.8 less-than-or-equal-to eta-10 less-than-or-equal-to 4.0 (eta-10 = 10(10)n(B)/n-gamma), which constrains the baryon density parameter, OMEGA-B h50(2) = 0.05 +/- 0.01 (the Hubble parameter is H0 = 50h50 km s-1 Mpc-1). These bounds imply that the bulk of the baryons in the universe are dark if OMEGA-TOT = 1 and would require that the universe be dominated by nonbaryonic matter. An upper bound to the primordial mass fraction of He-4, Y(p) less-than-or-equal-to 0.240, constrains the number of light (equivalent) neutrinos to N-nu less-than-or-equal-to 3.3, in excellent agreement with the LEP and SLC collider results. Alternatively, for N-nu = 3, we bound the predicted primordial abundance of He-4: 0.236 less-than-or-equal-to Y(p) less-than-or-equal-to 0.243 (for 882 less-than-or-equal-to tau-n less-than-or-equal-to 896 s). C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS GRP,FNAL,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. LAB ANNECY LE VIEUX PHYS PARTICULES,ANNECY LE VIEUX,FRANCE. RP WALKER, TP (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 140 TC 898 Z9 900 U1 1 U2 13 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 1991 VL 376 IS 1 BP 51 EP 69 DI 10.1086/170255 PN 1 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FX238 UT WOS:A1991FX23800007 ER PT J AU FULLER, GA MYERS, PC WELCH, WJ GOLDSMITH, PF LANGER, WD CAMPBELL, BG GUILLOTEAU, S WILSON, RW AF FULLER, GA MYERS, PC WELCH, WJ GOLDSMITH, PF LANGER, WD CAMPBELL, BG GUILLOTEAU, S WILSON, RW TI ANATOMY OF THE BARNARD-5 CORE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE INTERSTELLAR, MOLECULES; NEBULAE, INDIVIDUAL (BARNARD-5); NEBULAE, INTERNAL MOTIONS; NEBULAE, STRUCTURE ID C-12/C-13 ISOTOPE RATIO; DARK CLOUD BARNARD-5; DENSE CORES; STAR FORMATION; HYPERFINE ANOMALIES; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; NH3 OBSERVATIONS; HCN; CARBON; GAS AB A study of the structure of the dense core in the dark cloud Barnard 5 (B5) and the circumstellar environment of B5 IRS 1 is presented. (CO)-O-18 and CS observations show a dense core of about 50 M. with a velocity gradient around the NH3 core in B5. A map of the CO outflow from IRS 1 shows the outflow to extend in a direction nearly perpendicular to this velocity gradient. Observations of HCN with the Hat Creek Millimeter interferometer reveal three dense clumps each with mass approximately 0.1 M. near the young star B5 IRS 1. Two of these clumps form an elongated structure which is both perpendicular to the CO outflow from IRS 1 and parallel to the direction of the velocity gradient seen in the core material. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,RADIO ASTRON LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,FIVE COLL RADIO ASTRON OBSERV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMHERST,MA 01003. PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. INST RADIO ASTRON MILLIMETR,F-38406 ST MARTIN DHERES,FRANCE. AT&T BELL LABS,HOLMDEL,NJ 07733. RP FULLER, GA (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. RI Goldsmith, Paul/H-3159-2016; OI Wilson, Robert/0000-0001-5694-6725 NR 44 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 1991 VL 376 IS 1 BP 135 EP 149 DI 10.1086/170262 PN 1 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FX238 UT WOS:A1991FX23800014 ER PT J AU VRTILEK, SD PENNINX, W RAYMOND, JC VERBUNT, F HERTZ, P WOOD, K LEWIN, WHG MITSUDA, K AF VRTILEK, SD PENNINX, W RAYMOND, JC VERBUNT, F HERTZ, P WOOD, K LEWIN, WHG MITSUDA, K TI OBSERVATIONS OF SCORPIUS-X-1 WITH IUE - ULTRAVIOLET RESULTS FROM A MULTIWAVELENGTH CAMPAIGN SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE STARS, INDIVIDUAL (SCORPIUS-X-1); ULTRAVIOLET, SPECTRA; X-RAYS, BINARIES ID QUASI-PERIODIC OSCILLATIONS; X-RAY OBSERVATIONS; CYGNUS X-2; ACCRETION DISKS; INTERSTELLAR EXTINCTION; SPECTRAL BEHAVIOR; RADIO; BINARIES; CORONAE; WINDS AB We present ultraviolet results from a multiwavelength campaign on the low-mass X-ray binary Sco X-1. The ultraviolet observations were obtained with the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) and coincided with X-ray observations taken with the Japanese satellite Ginga and other observations from numerous between the strengths of the UV continuum and line fluxes and the X-ray spectral states. Models predicting UV continuum emission from the X-ray - heated surface of the companion star and from an X-ray - illuminated accretion disk were adjusted for parameters intrinsic to Sco X-1 and fitted to the data. The data/model comparison shows the following for Sco X-1, as for Cyg X-2: (1) X-ray heating of the accretion disk is the dominant source of UV emission, (2) the mass accretion rate increases monotonically along the so-called Z-shaped curve in an X-ray color-color diagram, and (3) the disk structure does not change as a function of X-ray spectral state. The accretion disk model gives a best-fit outer disk radius of (6.3 +/- 0.3) x 10(10) cm. Mass accretion rates range from 0.6 x 10(-8) M. yr-1 in the normal branch (NB) to 1.1 x 10(-8) M. yr-1 in the flaring branch (FB). The horizontal branch (HB) was not observed simultaneously in the UV and X-ray, but if the weakest state seen from earlier UV observations corresponds to the HB state, the mass accretion rate there is found to be 0.4 x 10(-8) M. yr-1. Ultraviolet emission lines from He, C, N, O, and Si were detected; all increase in intensity from the HB to the FB state. A model in which emission lines are due to photoionization of the outer disk by the X-ray source was developed and gives good agreement with the line fluxes observed in each state. The X-ray:UV:radio flux ratios of Sco X-1 measured at the lower vertex of the Z in the X-ray color-color diagram agree with those previously observed in five other X-ray binaries. We suggest that the flux at this vertex, which several theories identify with an accretion rate at the Eddington limit, may be used as a standard candle; the distance to Sco X-1 would then be 2.0 +/- 0.5 kpc. C1 INST SPACE & ASTRONAUT STUDIES,SAGAMIHARA,KANAGAWA 229,JAPAN. UNIV AMSTERDAM,ASTRON INST ANTON PANNEKOEK,1018 WB AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. STATE UNIV UTRECHT,INST ASTRON,UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS. USN,RES LAB,CODE 41215,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. MIT,CTR SPACE RES,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP VRTILEK, SD (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. RI Mitsuda, Kazuhisa/C-2649-2008 NR 53 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 1991 VL 376 IS 1 BP 278 EP 288 DI 10.1086/170278 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FX238 UT WOS:A1991FX23800030 ER PT J AU HABBAL, SR GONZALEZ, RD AF HABBAL, SR GONZALEZ, RD TI 1ST OBSERVATIONS OF MACROSPICULES AT 4.8 GHZ AT THE SOLAR LIMB IN POLAR CORONAL HOLES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE SUN, CORONA; SUN, RADIO RADIATION AB We report on the first radio observations of macrospicules in solar coronal holes. These were made with the Very Large Array (VLA) at 4.8, 8.5, and 15 GHz. The macrospicules appeared most prominently at 4.8 GHz. Their signature at the higher frequencies, although present, was reduced by the unfortunate coincidence that the field of view at the higher frequencies did not encompass the strongest macrospicules observed at 4.8 GHz. In addition, the limb was very sharply defined at all three frequencies. The brightness temperatures measured in the macrospicules at these different wavelengths yield an empirical model consisting of a cool 8 x 10(3) K core surrounded by a thin hotter sheath at 1-2 x 10(5) K, with the density varying from 10(10) cm-3 at the core to 2 x 10(9) cm-3 at the outer edge. These characteristics are almost identical to those derived from EUV observations more than a decade ago. A novel characteristic of macrospicules revealed by the 4.8 GHz emission is the pinching off and ballooning at the top of the magnetic structure of the macrospicules. There is also evidence in these radio observations that this pinching off leads to the escape of some plasma from the location of the macrospicules. These observations point to the importance of microwave emission for exploring the properties of the magnetic structure of the solar limb, in the absence of current EUV observations, and the effect, if any, of macrospicules on the solar wind flow. C1 NATL RADIO ASTRON OBSERV,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903. RP HABBAL, SR (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,MS-15,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 9 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 1991 VL 376 IS 1 BP L25 EP & DI 10.1086/186094 PN 2 PG 0 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FX241 UT WOS:A1991FX24100006 ER PT J AU BASU, R GUTH, AH VILENKIN, A AF BASU, R GUTH, AH VILENKIN, A TI QUANTUM CREATION OF TOPOLOGICAL DEFECTS DURING INFLATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID COSMIC STRINGS; DOMAIN-WALL; VACUUM; FLUCTUATIONS; UNIVERSE AB Circular loops of string and spherical domain-wall bubbles of radius equal to the horizon can spontaneously nucleate in de Sitter space. These objects are expanded by the subsequent inflation, and by the end of the inflationary era they have a spectrum of sizes extending well beyond the present Hubble length. Monopole-antimonopole pairs with an initial separation equal to the horizon can also be produced. The cosmological implications of these effects are briefly discussed. C1 MIT,CTR THEORET PHYS,BIOCHEM & FOOD TECHNOL LAB,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. MIT,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP BASU, R (reprint author), TUFTS UNIV,DEPT PHYS,MEDFORD,MA 02155, USA. NR 30 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL 15 PY 1991 VL 44 IS 2 BP 340 EP 351 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.44.340 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA FX272 UT WOS:A1991FX27200005 ER PT J AU ESCALANTE, V STERNBERG, A DALGARNO, A AF ESCALANTE, V STERNBERG, A DALGARNO, A TI NEAR-INFRARED EMISSION OF NEUTRAL CARBON FROM PHOTON-DOMINATED REGIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ATOMIC PROCESSES; INFRARED, SPECTRA; NEBULAE, H-II REGIONS; NEBULAE, PLANETARY ID INTER-STELLAR; PHOTODISSOCIATION; RECOMBINATION; RING; GAS AB Detailed calculations are reported of the intensities of the near-infrared lines of neutral carbon atoms at lambda = 985.0, 982.3, and 872.7 nm emitted from dense clouds subjected to intense radiation fields. There is a small contribution to the excitation of the metastable levels by electron impacts in the heated edge zones of the clouds but it is insignificant compared to that from the recombination of the C+ ions produced by photoionization. The lines observed in M42 and NGC 2024 can be interpreted as arising in gas with densities in excess of 10(5) cm-3 and radiation fields with intensities between 10(3) and 10(6) times the average interstellar field intensity. Radiative recombination of C+ ions may also be an important source of the emission lines detected in the planetary nebulae NGC 6270 and NGC 7027. C1 MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & ASTROPHYS,INST EXTRATERR PHYS,W-8046 GARCHING,GERMANY. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP ESCALANTE, V (reprint author), NATL AUTONOMOUS UNIV MEXICO,INST ASTRON,APDO POSTAL 70264,MEXICO CITY 04510,DF,MEXICO. NR 21 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 1991 VL 375 IS 2 BP 630 EP 634 DI 10.1086/170225 PN 1 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FV411 UT WOS:A1991FV41100023 ER PT J AU SMITH, RC KIRSHNER, RP BLAIR, WP WINKLER, PF AF SMITH, RC KIRSHNER, RP BLAIR, WP WINKLER, PF TI 6 BALMER-DOMINATED SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE NEBULAE, INTERNAL MOTIONS; NEBULAE, SUPERNOVA REMNANTS; SHOCK WAVES ID LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD; FAST SHOCK-WAVE; X-RAY-SPECTRUM; OPTICAL-EMISSION; NOVA REMNANTS; HIGH-VELOCITY; SN 1006; SN-1006; IDENTIFICATION; DISTANCE AB We present optical spectra of six Balmer-dominated supernova remnants (SNRs): the Galactic remnants of SN 1572 (Tycho) and SN 1006, and four remnants in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), 0505-67.9, 0509-67.5, 0519-69.0, and 0548-70.4. All except 0509-67.5 exhibit broad (580-2300 km s-1 FWHM) H-alpha emission characteristic of collisionless shocks. We have measured the line widths and compared them to models for a collisionless shock interacting with a partially neutral medium. From this comparison, we derive a shock velocity for each remnant with broad H-alpha and a possible lower limit to the shock velocity in 0509-67.5. Although previous analyses used the ratio of broad to narrow intensity as an indicator of shock velocity, our models show that this is not reliable. Further, the observed intensity ratios do not correspond to either the commonly assumed case of no equilibration (Te << T(ion)), or to the other extreme of total equilibration (T(e) = T(ion)). By combining the observed proper motions of filaments in Tycho and SN 1006 with our estimates of the shock velocities, we obtain distances to these remnants of 1.5-3.1 kpc and 1.4-2.8 kpc, respectively. The shock velocities derived for the LMC remnants allow us to estimate their ages. The ages range from approximately 10(4) yr for the two which show evidence of transition to radiative shocks, 0505-67.9 and 0548-70.4, to less than 1500 yr for the small remnants 0509-67.5 and 0519-69.0. These two young remnants bring the number of supernovae in the LMC to at least five in the past 1500 yr, making the supernova rate per unit luminosity comparable to that reported for late spiral galaxies. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,CTR ASTROPHYS SCI,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. MIDDLEBURY COLL,DEPT PHYS,MIDDLEBURY,VT 05753. RP SMITH, RC (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 40 TC 138 Z9 140 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 1991 VL 375 IS 2 BP 652 EP 662 DI 10.1086/170228 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FV411 UT WOS:A1991FV41100026 ER PT J AU HUEBER, FM NAMBUDIRI, EMV TIDWELL, WD WHEELER, EF AF HUEBER, FM NAMBUDIRI, EMV TIDWELL, WD WHEELER, EF TI AN EOCENE FOSSIL TREE WITH CAMBIAL VARIANT WOOD STRUCTURE SO REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Fossil wood with "anomalous structure" is reported from the Eocene of Louisiana and Texas. Superficially the wood appears to have diffuse (foraminate) included phloem, but what appear to be bundles of included pholoem are bundles of parenchyma surrounding structures that resemble traumatic canals. These structures are of regular occurrence and distribution and, therefore, differ from traumatic canals which are irregular in distribution. Sieve elements and companion cells were not observed in the bundles. There appears to be no modern structural counterpart to this wood. Included phloem is considered a derived character and this type of Eocene tree might represent a "precursor" to diffuse included phloem. The wood has characteristics of both Nyctaginaceae and Loganiaceae. C1 UNIV REGINA,ENERGY RES UNIT,REGINA S4S 0A2,SASKATCHEWAN,CANADA. BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV,DEPT BOT & RANGE SCI,PROVO,UT 84602. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT WOOD & PAPER SCI,RALEIGH,NC 27695. RP HUEBER, FM (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0034-6667 J9 REV PALAEOBOT PALYNO JI Rev. Palaeobot. Palynology PD JUL 10 PY 1991 VL 68 IS 3-4 BP 257 EP 267 DI 10.1016/0034-6667(91)90027-Z PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Paleontology SC Plant Sciences; Paleontology GA FX189 UT WOS:A1991FX18900006 ER PT J AU GEARY, CM AF GEARY, CM TI AFRICAN REFLECTIONS - ART FROM NORTHEASTERN ZAIRE - SCHILDKROUT,E, KEIM,CA SO AFRICAN ARTS LA English DT Book Review RP GEARY, CM (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIF PI LOS ANGELES PA AFRICAN STUDIES CNTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 SN 0001-9933 J9 AFR ARTS JI Afr. Arts PD JUL PY 1991 VL 24 IS 3 BP 14 EP & DI 10.2307/3336920 PG 0 WC Art SC Art GA FZ705 UT WOS:A1991FZ70500003 ER PT J AU ERICKSEN, MF STIX, AI AF ERICKSEN, MF STIX, AI TI HISTOLOGIC EXAMINATION OF AGE OF THE 1ST AFRICAN BAPTIST CHURCH ADULTS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Article DE FEMUR; CORTICAL BONE; AGING METHODS ID FREE BLACK-COMMUNITY; CORTICAL BONE AB This study applies a recently formulated method of histologic estimation of age at death to samples of anterior femoral cortex taken from adult skeletons from the First African Baptist Church cemetery and compares the results with macroscopic age estimates made by J.L. Angel and J.O. Kelley. Of the 65 samples taken, 44 were sufficiently well preserved to produce readable thin sections, although most were so fragile that they had to be embedded before sectioning. In most cases the histologic ages agreed with the macroscopic age estimations within the standard error of the estimate of the histologic method. Most cases of disagreement could be attributed to poor preservation. Despite differences between individual gross and microscopic age estimates, the two methods proved to be significantly correlated and produced the same overall demographic picture of a population whose female members were likely to die at earlier ages than the males. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT ANTHROPOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP ERICKSEN, MF (reprint author), GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT ANAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20037, USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0002-9483 J9 AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL JI Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 85 IS 3 BP 247 EP 252 DI 10.1002/ajpa.1330850302 PG 6 WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology GA FU202 UT WOS:A1991FU20200001 PM 1897596 ER PT J AU WHITNEY, BA SOKER, N CLAYTON, GC AF WHITNEY, BA SOKER, N CLAYTON, GC TI MODEL FOR R-CORONAE-BOREALIS STARS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CATACLYSMIC BINARIES; UPSILON-SAGITTARII; PLANETARY-NEBULAE; KS PERSEI; PROGENITORS; EVOLUTION; SYSTEMS; MASS AB We propose an evolutionary model in which R Coronae Borealis stars are in a second common-envelope phase, with a low mass companion orbiting well inside the envelope. The high mass loss rate in the first common-envelope phase turns the massive star into a hydrogen-deficient star. In the second common-envelope phase, as a result of shear induced by the inner envelope rotation and possibly by excited gravity-wave induced turbulence, carbon and oxygen are being dredged up from the core into the envelope. This evolutionary scenario smoothly connects R CrB stars to the double-mass-loss-episodes evolutionary scenario of hydrogen-deficient binaries suggested by Plavec in 1973. This model may have consequences for the nature of mass loss in R Coronae Borealis stars: The orbiting companion breaks spherical symmetry allowing for nonradial pulsations and asymmetric mass loss. The optical polarization and IR observations may point to axisymmetric mass loss with the same axis of symmetry for the different mass loss episodes. C1 UNIV COLORADO,CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE ASTRON,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP WHITNEY, BA (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 102 IS 1 BP 284 EP 288 DI 10.1086/115875 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FT833 UT WOS:A1991FT83300023 ER PT J AU KLEMOLA, AR MINK, DJ AF KLEMOLA, AR MINK, DJ TI OCCULTATIONS BY URANUS AND NEPTUNE - 1991-1999 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CANDIDATE STARS; PREDICTED OCCULTATIONS; JHK PHOTOMETRY; RINGS; OBLATENESS; SATELLITES; VOYAGER-2; SYSTEM; ARC AB The results of a photographic plate search are presented for stars as faint as m(v) = 14 which may be occulted by Uranus or Neptune or their rings between 1 January 1991 and 31 December 1999. Circumstances for the closest approach of Uranus to 76 stars and Neptune to 18 stars are presented. Occultations by Neptune's ring "arcs" are predicted in 1992, 1997, and 1999. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP KLEMOLA, AR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF OBSERV,LICK OBSERV,BOARD STUDIES ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064, USA. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 102 IS 1 BP 389 EP 394 DI 10.1086/115882 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FT833 UT WOS:A1991FT83300030 ER PT J AU JARVIS, BJ PELETIER, RF AF JARVIS, BJ PELETIER, RF TI THE CORE OF M-87 - NEW HIGH SPATIAL-RESOLUTION KINEMATIC MEASUREMENTS SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES; INDIVIDUAL, NUCLEI, KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS ID ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES; BLACK-HOLE; M87; PHOTOMETRY; GALAXY-M87 AB We present high resolution, high signal-to-noise measurements of the stellar kinematics of the core of M 87, taken at various position angles, and partly under subarcsecond seeing conditions. In general, our results are consistent with the recent findings of Dressler and Richstone (1990). In addition, we find that an area of about 5" diameter around the nucleus is blue-shifted with a velocity of congruent-to 40 km s-1 with respect to the main body of the galaxy. The stars at the position of the non-thermal nucleus itself move at the same velocity as the main body of the galaxy. Furthermore, our spectra show that the velocity dispersion in the central regions of M 87 is in general constant at sigma congruent-to 370 km s-1 with a dip of about 50 km s-1 within r congruent-to 1". We propose that the core is not in complete dynamical equilibrium and that we may be observing the signature of a galaxy merging with M 87. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. RP JARVIS, BJ (reprint author), EUROPEAN SO OBSERV, CASILLA 19001, SANTIAGO 19, CHILE. RI Peletier, Reynier/B-9633-2012 NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 247 IS 2 BP 315 EP 319 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FZ707 UT WOS:A1991FZ70700011 ER PT J AU CHANG, ES AVRETT, EH LOESER, R AF CHANG, ES AVRETT, EH LOESER, R TI ELECTRON COLLISIONAL RATES FOR ATOMIC-HYDROGEN, REVISITED SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Note DE ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR DATA; ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PROCESSES; STARS, CHROMOSPHERES OF ID CROSS-SECTION; SCATTERING; TEMPERATURE; EXCITATION; ENERGIES AB We show that there are significant inconsistencies in the compilation of electron impact transition rate coefficients for atomic hydrogen by Giovanardi et al. (1987) and Giovanardi & Palla (1989). In particular, the rates for the n-n' transitions 1-4, 2-4, 3-4, 3-5, 4-5, and 4-6 are not consistent with neighboring transitions rates, and qualitatively disagree with the rates of Johnson (1972). RP CHANG, ES (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, 60 GARDEN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 247 IS 2 BP 580 EP 583 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FZ707 UT WOS:A1991FZ70700041 ER PT J AU WHITE, DA FABIAN, AC FORMAN, W JONES, C STERN, C AF WHITE, DA FABIAN, AC FORMAN, W JONES, C STERN, C TI RAM-PRESSURE STRIPPING OF THE MULTIPHASE INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM OF THE VIRGO CLUSTER ELLIPTIC GALAXY-M86 (NGC-4406) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES, CLUSTERING; GALAXIES, INDIVIDUAL (M86); GALAXIES, INTERSTELLAR MATTER; GALAXIES, STRUCTURE; GALAXIES, X-RAYS; INFRARED, SOURCES ID EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; INFRARED-EMISSION; HOT GAS; COOLING FLOWS; DUST; PHOTOMETRY; KINEMATICS AB We have analyzed the available infrared (IRAS), optical, and X-ray (Einstein Observatory) data on the elliptical galaxy M86 which is experiencing strong ram-pressure stripping in the intracluster medium of the Virgo Cluster. We find a significant component of infrared 60-mu-m emission displaced from the center of the galaxy. The displaced 60-mu-m emission lies on the optical major axis of the galaxy in the direction of perturbations to the optical isophotes and is coincident with a small feature in X-ray emission southwest of the X-ray plume. We interpret the displaced infrared emission in terms of collisionally heated dust exposed to hot gas where ram pressure and turbulence are disrupting the stripped interstellar medium of the galaxy. The displacement of the outer optical isophotes in the direction of the stripped gas is suggested to be due to reflection of starlight on the dust grains. Ram pressure has separated and exposed the various components of the multiphase interstellar medium of M86, enabling these constituents to be identified and analyzed separately for the first time in an elliptical galaxy. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP WHITE, DA (reprint author), UNIV CAMBRIDGE,INST ASTRON,MADINGLEY RD,CAMBRIDGE CB3 0HA,ENGLAND. OI Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682 NR 31 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 1991 VL 375 IS 1 BP 35 EP & DI 10.1086/170167 PN 1 PG 0 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FT836 UT WOS:A1991FT83600004 ER PT J AU NAKAJIMA, T CARLETON, NP NISHIDA, M AF NAKAJIMA, T CARLETON, NP NISHIDA, M TI INFRARED BROAD EMISSION-LINES FROM AN OBSCURED QUASAR, IRAS 23060+0505 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES NUCLEI; INFRARED SOURCES; INFRARED SPECTRA; QUASARS ID RADIO GALAXIES; SEYFERT-2; NUCLEUS AB Pa-alpha and Pa-beta spectra have been obtained of IRAS 23060 + 0505, and infrared luminous galaxy at z = 0.173 with a Seyfert 2 optical spectrum. The line widths are greater at longer wavelengths. The FWHMs of Pa-beta (1.282-mu-m) and Pa-alpha (1.875-mu-m) are 1200 and 2050 km s-1, respectively. The broad wing of Pa-alpha extends to at least 5000 km s-1 (FWZI). Pa-alpha is clearly dominated by the broad component. The upper limit to the narrow-line extinction and the lower limit to the broad-line extinction were obtained to be A(V) = 2.3 and 4.3, respectively. The difference between the broad- and narrow-line extinctions (DELTA-A(V) > 2.0) must be caused by dust in the inner NLR or throughout the NLR, which is seen in warm thermal emission whose temperature ranges from a few hundred to 800 K. We argue that the broad line extinction (DELTA-A(V)), through the reduction of the UV light from the central continuum source into the NLR, affects both the optical spectral appearance and the temperature distribution of the infrared thermal emission. C1 KYOTO UNIV,DEPT PHYS,KYOTO 606,JAPAN. ASSOCIATED UNIV RES ASTRON INC,KITT PEAK NATL OBSERV,TUCSON,AZ. RP NAKAJIMA, T (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,MS-20,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 23 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 1991 VL 375 IS 1 BP L1 EP L4 DI 10.1086/186074 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FT838 UT WOS:A1991FT83800001 ER PT J AU STOCKE, JT MORRIS, SL GIOIA, IM MACCACARO, T SCHILD, R WOLTER, A FLEMING, TA HENRY, JP AF STOCKE, JT MORRIS, SL GIOIA, IM MACCACARO, T SCHILD, R WOLTER, A FLEMING, TA HENRY, JP TI THE EINSTEIN-OBSERVATORY EXTENDED MEDIUM-SENSITIVITY SURVEY .2. THE OPTICAL IDENTIFICATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; GALAXIES, NUCLEI; GALAXIES, X-RAYS; QUASARS; STARS, X-RAYS; X-RAYS, SOURCES ID X-RAY SOURCES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS; N-LOG-S; QUASI-STELLAR OBJECTS; T-TAURI STARS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; ELLIPTICAL GALAXY; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; COMPLETE SAMPLE AB The optical identifications of the Einstein Extended Medium Sensitivity Survey (EMSS) are presented. At present over 96% of the 835 X-ray sources in the survey have been successfully identified in the following proportions: active galactic nuclei (QSOs, quasars, and Seyferts), 51.1%; BL Lacertae objects, 4.3%; clusters of galaxies, 12.2%; normal galaxies, 2.1%; cooling flow galaxies, 0.6%; Galactic stars, 25.8%; and unidentified, 3.9%. All of the EMSS sources are identified with previously known classes of X-ray emitters except for five sources now identified with cooling flow galaxies whose novel attributes are described. The Galactic stars are primarily normal dwarf stars but also include RS CVn and W UMa binary systems, two FK Comae stars, five cataclysmic variables including new examples of AM Herculis stars, one white dwarf, and one X-ray binary candidate. The extragalactic sources are predominantly AGNs, which range from low-z, low-luminosity (z < 0.1; L(x) < 10(43) ergs s-1) Seyfert galaxies to high-z QSOs (z > 2) but also include distant clusters of galaxies (0.05 < z < 0.6), BL Lac objects (0.15 < z < 0.65) and nearby, normal galaxies (z less-than-or-equal-to 0.1). Most of the individual optical counterparts are previously unknown objects and so constitute large statistical samples independent of previous selection methods. Confusion levels due to chance projection onto the X-ray error circles and to spatially unresolved close pairs of X-ray sources are estimated to be quite small (approximately 20 sources), consistent with the numbers of such sources identified within the EMSS already. The small confusion levels within the EMSS validate the identification procedure in which spectra are obtained within and adjacent to each error circle until a plausible counterpart is discovered. The criteria used to determine whether the proposed optical counterpart to the X-ray source is a plausible identification are described in detail. Plausibility is based upon the optical classification of the counterpart (e.g., AGN, cluster, G star) and the X-ray-to-optical flux ratios previously observed for these classes of X-ray emitters. Two independent schemes of optical classification of the counterparts are used to check the plausibility of these identifications; one scheme based upon moderate-resolution optical spectroscopy (7 angstrom resolution in the range 3400-6400 angstrom) and R-band CCD direct imaging, and the other based upon the inferred X-ray luminosity and the overall (radio-optical-X-ray) energy distribution. Counterparts whose optical classification is somewhat ambiguous are a small fraction of the total and include sources which are either (a) low-luminosity AGNs or high-luminosity normal spiral galaxies; (b) low-luminosity clusters of galaxies or high-luminosity elliptical galaxies; (c) AGNs with unusual spectra lacking convincing evidence of broad emission lines; (d) AGNs with extremely weak emission lines (W-lambda less-than-or-equal-to 30 angstrom); and (e) BL Lac objects with modest starlight contributions. C1 CARNEGIE INST WASHINGTON,OBSERV,PASADENA,CA 91101. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV COLORADO,NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80302. MAX PLANCK INST EXTRATERRESTR PHYS,W-8046 GARCHING,GERMANY. UNIV HAWAII,INST ASTRON,HONOLULU,HI 96822. RP STOCKE, JT (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE ASTRON,CAMPUS BOX 391,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. RI Morris, Simon/G-7981-2011; Gioia, Isabella/B-6982-2012; OI Morris, Simon/0000-0003-4866-110X; Gioia, Isabella/0000-0003-3127-498X; Wolter, Anna/0000-0001-5840-9835 NR 112 TC 739 Z9 742 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 76 IS 3 BP 813 EP 874 DI 10.1086/191582 PG 62 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FR382 UT WOS:A1991FR38200001 ER PT J AU DEVRIES, PJ AF DEVRIES, PJ TI MUTUALISM BETWEEN THISBE-IRENEA BUTTERFLIES AND ANTS, AND THE ROLE OF ANT ECOLOGY IN THE EVOLUTION OF LARVAL-ANT ASSOCIATIONS SO BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE BUTTERFLIES; MYRMECOPHILY; RIODINIDAE; LYCAENIDAE; MUTUALISMS; VESPIDAE; PREDATION; ANTS; EXTRAFLORAL NECTARIES; HOMOPTERA; EVOLUTION; LARVAL ANT-ORGANS ID MYRMECOPHILOUS RELATIONSHIPS; LYCAENIDS LEPIDOPTERA; EXTRAFLORAL NECTARIES; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; JALMENUS-EVAGORAS; PLANT-SELECTION; ATTENDING ANTS; HYMENOPTERA; FORMICIDAE; COMMUNICATION C1 SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. RP DEVRIES, PJ (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,DEPT ZOOL,AUSTIN,TX 78712, USA. OI DeVries, Phil/0000-0002-5692-6684 NR 77 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 3 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0024-4066 J9 BIOL J LINN SOC JI Biol. J. Linnean Soc. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 43 IS 3 BP 179 EP 195 DI 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1991.tb00592.x PG 17 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA FZ795 UT WOS:A1991FZ79500002 ER PT J AU JACKSON, JBC AF JACKSON, JBC TI ADAPTATION AND DIVERSITY OF REEF CORALS SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STATES VIRGIN-ISLANDS; DIADEMA-ANTILLARUM; ST-CROIX; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; MASS MORTALITIES; BUILDING CORALS; DISCOVERY BAY; GROWTH-RATES; SALT RIVER RP JACKSON, JBC (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. NR 69 TC 116 Z9 120 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD JUL-AUG PY 1991 VL 41 IS 7 BP 475 EP 482 DI 10.2307/1311805 PG 8 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA FT985 UT WOS:A1991FT98500010 ER PT J AU BUZAS, MA CULVER, SJ AF BUZAS, MA CULVER, SJ TI SPECIES-DIVERSITY AND DISPERSAL OF BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 OLD DOMINION UNIV,DEPT GEOL SCI,NORFOLK,VA 23529. RP BUZAS, MA (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT PALEONTOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 25 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD JUL-AUG PY 1991 VL 41 IS 7 BP 483 EP 489 DI 10.2307/1311806 PG 7 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA FT985 UT WOS:A1991FT98500011 ER PT J AU WASSHAUSEN, DC AF WASSHAUSEN, DC TI NEW SPECIES OF HABRACANTHUS (ACANTHACEAE) FROM MEXICO SO BRITTONIA LA English DT Article DE ACANTHACEAE; HABRACANTHUS; HANSTEINIA; MEXICO AB A new species, Habracanthus harleyi from Guerrero, is described, illustrated, and compared with its closest relative, Hansteinia monolopha. RP WASSHAUSEN, DC (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN PI BRONX PA PUBLICATIONS DEPT, BRONX, NY 10458 SN 0007-196X J9 BRITTONIA JI Brittonia PD JUL-SEP PY 1991 VL 43 IS 3 BP 185 EP 188 DI 10.2307/2807056 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA GL635 UT WOS:A1991GL63500009 ER PT J AU BOSS, AP CAMERON, AGW BENZ, W AF BOSS, AP CAMERON, AGW BENZ, W TI TIDAL DISRUPTION OF INVISCID PLANETESIMALS SO ICARUS LA English DT Article ID 3-DIMENSIONAL HYDRODYNAMICAL SIMULATIONS; STELLAR COLLISIONS; ORIGIN; MOON; STARS C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP BOSS, AP (reprint author), CARNEGIE INST WASHINGTON,DEPT TERR MAGNETISM,5241 BROAD BRANCH RD NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20015, USA. NR 34 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0019-1035 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JUL PY 1991 VL 92 IS 1 BP 165 EP 178 DI 10.1016/0019-1035(91)90042-R PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FW028 UT WOS:A1991FW02800007 ER PT J AU DURDEN, LA AF DURDEN, LA TI A NEW FLEA (SIPHONAPTERA) RECORD FOR MISSISSIPPI, WITH NOTES ON OTHER FLEA RECORDS FROM THE STATE SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Note DE FLEAS; SIPHONAPTERA; POLYGENIS-GWYNI; NEW STATE RECORD; STATE LIST; MISSISSIPPI C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,CTR MUSEUM SUPPORT,DEPT ENTOMOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 26 IS 3 BP 310 EP 311 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA GA801 UT WOS:A1991GA80100003 ER PT J AU BROWN, JM RADFORD, HE SEARS, TJ AF BROWN, JM RADFORD, HE SEARS, TJ TI AVOIDED CROSSINGS IN THE FAR-INFRARED LASER MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTRUM OF HCO SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID ASYMMETRIC-TOP MOLECULES; ZEEMAN LEVEL-CROSSINGS; GROUND-STATE; LMR SPECTRA; GAS-PHASE; SPECTROSCOPY; HO2; PARAMETERS; AVOIDANCE; RADICALS C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP BROWN, JM (reprint author), PHYS CHEM LAB,S PARKS RD,OXFORD OX1 3QZ,ENGLAND. RI Sears, Trevor/B-5990-2013 OI Sears, Trevor/0000-0002-5559-0154 NR 36 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 148 IS 1 BP 20 EP 37 DI 10.1016/0022-2852(91)90031-5 PG 18 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA FR895 UT WOS:A1991FR89500003 ER PT J AU JOHNSTON, LA DONOGHUE, AM OBRIEN, SJ WILDT, DE AF JOHNSTON, LA DONOGHUE, AM OBRIEN, SJ WILDT, DE TI INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND GAS ATMOSPHERE ON INVITRO FERTILIZATION AND EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT IN DOMESTIC CATS SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY LA English DT Article DE CAT; FERTILIZATION; EMBRYO; INVITRO CULTURE; INCUBATION; TEMPERATURE; GAS ATMOSPHERE ID FOLLICULAR OOCYTES; MATURATION; CULTURE; SHEEP AB The influence of culture temperature and gas atmosphere on in-vitro fertilization and embryo development was examined in the domestic cat. In Exp. 1, eggs were fertilized and cultured in 5% CO2 in air at 37, 38 or 39-degrees-C. Experiment 2 evaluated the effects of 5% CO2 in air; 5% CO2, 5% O2 and 90% N2; and 10% CO2 in air. Fertilization (cleavage) and development to the morula/blastocyst stage were not influenced (P > 0.05) by variations in temperature and gas composition. Despite changing these culture conditions, egg cleavage averaged approximately 75% and > 80% of the 2-cell embryos proceeded to morulae in vitro. However, the partial in-vitro morula-to-blastocyst developmental block normally observed in this species was not removed. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,VIRAL CARCINOGENESIS LAB,FREDERICK,MD 21702. FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD 23583] NR 28 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 2 PU J REPROD FERTIL INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 22 NEWMARKET RD, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND CB5 8DT SN 0022-4251 J9 J REPROD FERTIL JI J. Reprod. Fertil. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 92 IS 2 BP 377 EP 382 PG 6 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA FY689 UT WOS:A1991FY68900013 PM 1909365 ER PT J AU WASSER, SK MONFORT, SL WILDT, DE AF WASSER, SK MONFORT, SL WILDT, DE TI RAPID EXTRACTION OF FECAL STEROIDS FOR MEASURING REPRODUCTIVE CYCLICITY AND EARLY-PREGNANCY IN FREE-RANGING YELLOW BABOONS (PAPIO-CYNOCEPHALUS-CYNOCEPHALUS) SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY LA English DT Article DE FECES; ESTRADIOL; PROGESTERONE; FREE-RANGING; BABOON ID RADIOLABELED ESTRADIOL; ESTROGEN EXCRETION; MONKEY; PLASMA; FECES; METABOLITES; OVULATION; CYCLE; WOMEN; URINE AB A rapid method was developed for extracting and assaying oestradiol and progesterone in faeces (n = 242) of female yellow baboons, free-living in Tanzania. Dose response studies generated slopes of 1.02 (r2 = 0.99) for oestradiol and 1.09 (r2 = 0.99) for progesterone, suggesting that this method accurately measured these steroids in faeces. Parallelism was proved by demonstrating that slopes produced from serially diluted samples were not different from those generated from standard curves (mean P value = 0.53 +/- 0.17 for oestradiol and 0.44 +/- 0.13 for progesterone). Faecal progesterone concentrations measured over several cycles in 2 females increased and decreased in correspondence to visual markers of the luteal phase (i.e. the period between sex-skin detumescence and menses), but the presumed preovulatory oestradiol peak was not observed consistently in all cycles. Progesterone profiles during early to midgestation in 3 females confirmed pregnancy by 25 days (14%) of gestation. Oestradiol profiles were more variable and were not indicative of pregnancy until 40 days (22%) of gestation. Radiolabel-infusion studies revealed that 32% of progesterone (n = 2) but only 11% of oestradiol (n = 2), was cleared through faeces. The latter findings may account for the greater variation observed in temporal oestradiol patterns during the baboon menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Compared with previous techniques, these new methods (i) save considerable time in assaying raw material and (ii) result in high extraction recoveries of faecal steroids (approximately 88% for oestradiol and 91% for progesterone). This approach may be particularly useful for studying physiological function and endocrine-environmental interrelationships in free-living primate species. RP WASSER, SK (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,CONSERVAT & RES CTR,ENDOCRINE RES LAB,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH45863] NR 26 TC 68 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 3 PU J REPROD FERTIL INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 22 NEWMARKET RD, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND CB5 8DT SN 0022-4251 J9 J REPROD FERTIL JI J. Reprod. Fertil. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 92 IS 2 BP 415 EP 423 PG 9 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA FY689 UT WOS:A1991FY68900017 PM 1886098 ER PT J AU DINERSTEIN, E AF DINERSTEIN, E TI DEMOGRAPHY AND HABITAT USE BY GREATER ONE-HORNED RHINOCEROS IN NEPAL SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article AB We used a register of photographed individuals to census greater one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis, hereafter rhinoceros) in Royal Chitwan National Park (NP), Nepal, between 1984 and 1988. By April 1988, the population was estimated to be 358-376 individuals as determined by regression analysis. The observed rate of increase for the Sauraha population, an intensively monitored subpopulation in the central and eastern part of Royal Chitwan NP, was 4.8% between 1984 and 1988 and 2.5% between 1975 and 1988. The Sauraha population included 87 adult females and 58 breeding-age males, of which only 28 males were judged to have bred during the study period. Annual calf production averaged 7.6 +/- 0.8% (xBAR +/- SE) between 1984 and 1988. No distinct season of parturition was detected. Predation by tigers (Panthera tigris) accounted for 4 of 7 calf mortalities, and all 7 calves that died during the study period were < 8 months old. Mean annual mortality within the calf, subadult, and adult age categories was estimated to be 2.8, 2.2, and 2.9%, respectively. Rhinoceros populations reached maximum densities of 13.3/km2 in riverine forest-Saccharum spontaneum grassland mosaics along the Rapti River. Local densities in areas dominated by Narenga porphyracorma and Themeda arundinacea grasslands were 1.7-3.2/km2. Annual monsoon floods were responsible for maintaining prime grazing habitat and high population densities. C1 NATL ZOOL PK,CTR CONSERVAT & RES,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630. NR 17 TC 26 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 55 IS 3 BP 401 EP 411 DI 10.2307/3808968 PG 11 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA GC878 UT WOS:A1991GC87800007 ER PT J AU SINIFF, DB RALLS, K AF SINIFF, DB RALLS, K TI REPRODUCTION, SURVIVAL AND TAG LOSS IN CALIFORNIA SEA OTTERS SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CALIFORNIA; ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; INTER-BIRTH INTERVAL; REPRODUCTION; SEA OTTER; SURVIVAL RATE; TAG LOSS ID ENHYDRA-LUTRIS AB We observed 40 California sea otters, Enhydra lutris, that were instrumented with implanted radio transmitters and flipper-tagged, and obtained additional data on the reproduction of tagged female otters from the California Department of Fish and Game. The proportion of instrumented females accompanied by a pup peaked in the spring, with a secondary peak in the fall. Two methods of estimating the annual reproductive rate gave comparable values of 0.90 and 0.94. The average inter-birth interval was 389 d. Two methods of estimating pup survival to weaning gave values of 0.46 and 0.58. Pups either remained with a female less than 80 or more than 120 d. Early mortality of dependent pups appears to be more frequent in California than in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Two methods of estimation indicated that adult females had the highest survival rates and adult males the lowest. Juvenile females had lower survival rates than adult females but juvenile males had higher survival rates than adult males. The survival rate of juvenile females was lower than that of juvenile males. The estimated annual loss rate for flipper-tags, based on the instrumented individuals, was 0.26. More individuals lost two tags than would be expected by chance. It is unlikely that accurate estimates of sea otter survival rates can be derived from observations of tagged individuals. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. RP SINIFF, DB (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455, USA. NR 32 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 8 PU SOC MARINE MAMMALOGY PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0824-0469 J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI JI Mar. Mamm. Sci. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 7 IS 3 BP 211 EP 229 DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.1991.tb00099.x PG 19 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA GB740 UT WOS:A1991GB74000001 ER PT J AU WEIL, SE AF WEIL, SE TI OBJECTS OF KNOWLEDGE - (NEW RESEARCH IN MUSEUM STUDIES - AN INTERNATIONAL SERIES, VOL 1) - PEARCE,S SO MUSEUM NEWS LA English DT Book Review RP WEIL, SE (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,HIRSHHORN MUSEUM,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN MUSEUMS PI WASHINGTON PA 1225 EYE ST NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0027-4089 J9 MUSEUM NEWS JI Mus. News PD JUL-AUG PY 1991 VL 70 IS 4 BP 63 EP 64 PG 2 WC Art SC Art GA FU001 UT WOS:A1991FU00100011 ER PT J AU SHAINES, MS AF SHAINES, MS TI PARTIAL GIFTS TO MUSEUM - WHEN HALF A LOAF IS BETTER THAN NONE SO MUSEUM NEWS LA English DT Article RP SHAINES, MS (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN MUSEUMS PI WASHINGTON PA 1225 EYE ST NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0027-4089 J9 MUSEUM NEWS JI Mus. News PD JUL-AUG PY 1991 VL 70 IS 4 BP 68 EP 70 PG 3 WC Art SC Art GA FU001 UT WOS:A1991FU00100013 ER PT J AU BIRD, MM CROFTS, DW AF BIRD, MM CROFTS, DW TI SOLDIER VOTING IN 1864 - THE MCKELVY,DAVID DIARY SO PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY LA English DT Article C1 TRENTON STATE COLL,TRENTON,NJ 08625. RP BIRD, MM (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,AMER MUSEUM NATURAL HIST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HISTORICAL SOC PA PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1300 LOCUST ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 SN 0031-4587 J9 PENN MAG HIST BIOG JI Pa. Mag. Hist. Biogr. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 115 IS 3 BP 371 EP 413 PG 43 WC History SC History GA FW441 UT WOS:A1991FW44100004 ER PT J AU DEWIT, I DITTUS, WPJ VERCRUYSSE, J HARRIS, EA GIBSON, DI AF DEWIT, I DITTUS, WPJ VERCRUYSSE, J HARRIS, EA GIBSON, DI TI GASTROINTESTINAL HELMINTHS IN A NATURAL-POPULATION OF MACACA-SINICA AND PRESBYTIS-SPP AT POLONNARUWA, SRI-LANKA SO PRIMATES LA English DT Note DE HELMINTHS; PARASITES; MACACA-SINICA; PRESBYTIS-SPP; SRI-LANKA ID MULATTA AB Helminth parasites were identified in a natural population of primates at Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka. Five fatally wounded or recently deceased toque macaques (Macaca sinica) and three langurs (Presbytis senex and P. entellus) were autopsied. The following nematodes were found: Oesophagostomum aculeatum (Chabertiidae), Streptopharagus pigmentata (Spirocercidae), Physaloptera sp. (Spiruridae), Enterobius vermicularis (Oxyuridae), and Trichuris trichiura (Trichuridae). One cestode, Hymenopleis was also recovered from P. entellus. Among fresh faecal samples of 210 M. sinica, worm eggs of Oesophagostomum and Strongyloides were most abundant, followed by Trichostrongylus. Trichuris and Streptopharagus eggs were found occasionally. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,OFF ZOOL RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. FAC VET MED GHENT,B-9000 GHENT,BELGIUM. NAT HIST MUSEUM,DEPT ZOO,LONDON SW7 5BD,ENGLAND. RP DEWIT, I (reprint author), INST FUNDAMENTAL STUDIES,HANTANA RD,KANDY,SRI LANKA. RI Gibson, David/D-3541-2009 OI Gibson, David/0000-0002-2908-491X NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 13 PU JAPAN MONKEY CENTRE PI INUYAMA AICHI PA PRIMATES, EDITORIAL OFFICE, INUYAMA AICHI 484, JAPAN SN 0032-8332 J9 PRIMATES JI Primates PD JUL PY 1991 VL 32 IS 3 BP 391 EP 395 DI 10.1007/BF02382681 PG 5 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA GJ176 UT WOS:A1991GJ17600012 ER PT J AU VESSOT, RFC AF VESSOT, RFC TI APPLICATIONS OF HIGHLY STABLE OSCILLATORS TO SCIENTIFIC MEASUREMENTS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article ID GRAVITATIONAL-RADIATION; TRACKING C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,HYDROGEN MASER LAB GRP,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD JUL PY 1991 VL 79 IS 7 BP 1040 EP 1053 DI 10.1109/5.84981 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA GF210 UT WOS:A1991GF21000018 ER PT J AU RUTTEN, RJ UITENBROEK, H AF RUTTEN, RJ UITENBROEK, H TI CA-II H2V AND K2V CELL GRAINS SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY; RESONANCE-LINE TRANSFER; SOLAR CHROMOSPHERIC PLAGES; UPPER PHOTOSPHERE MODELS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; K-LINE; PARTIAL REDISTRIBUTION; STELLAR CHROMOSPHERES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER AB The bright CaII H2v and K2v grains, which are intermittently present in the interiors of network cells in quiet-Sun areas, should provide important diagnostics of the dynamical interaction between the quiet photosphere and the chromosphere above it, but their nature has so far eluded identification. We review the extensive observational literature on these grains and on related phenomena. We resolve various contradictions, connect hitherto unconnected observations, distill new onstraints and relate signatures in the measurement domain to signatures in the Fourier domain. We then review interpretations and simulation efforts, adding computations of our own to illustrate modeling options. We conclude that the grains are a hydrodynamical phenomenon in which magnetic fields do not play a major role. The grains are due to interference between a pervasive standing oscillation with about a 180 s periodicity and an 8 Mm horizontal wavelength in the chromosphere and the wave trains of the evanescent p-mode interference pattern in the upper photosphere. The roles of short-period waves, shock formation and granular piston excitation and the issue of long-lived patterning remain open; we suggest avenues for further research. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. RP STERREKUNDIG INST, 3508 TA UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS. NR 264 TC 151 Z9 152 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 134 IS 1 BP 15 EP 71 PG 57 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FU406 UT WOS:A1991FU40600002 ER PT J AU EWERS, JC AF EWERS, JC TI WHEN THE RAINBOW TOUCHES DOWN - SEYMOUR,TV SO SOUTHWESTERN HISTORICAL QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review RP EWERS, JC (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TEXAS STATE HIST ASSN PI AUSTIN PA 2/306 RICHARDSON HALL UNIV STATION, AUSTIN, TX 78712 SN 0038-478X J9 SOUTHWEST HIST QUART JI Southw. Hist. Q. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 95 IS 1 BP 117 EP 119 PG 3 WC History SC History GA GB297 UT WOS:A1991GB29700023 ER PT J AU LUBAR, S AF LUBAR, S TI CONTROL THROUGH COMMUNICATION - THE RISE OF SYSTEM IN AMERICAN MANAGEMENT - YATES,J SO TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE LA English DT Book Review RP LUBAR, S (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL MUSEUM AMER HIST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0040-165X J9 TECHNOL CULT JI Technol. Cult. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 32 IS 3 BP 619 EP 621 DI 10.2307/3106127 PG 3 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA HD287 UT WOS:A1991HD28700021 ER PT J AU SMITH, RW AF SMITH, RW TI ASTRONOMER BY CHANCE - LOVELL,B SO TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE LA English DT Book Review C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. RP SMITH, RW (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0040-165X J9 TECHNOL CULT JI Technol. Cult. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 32 IS 3 BP 636 EP 637 DI 10.2307/3106138 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA HD287 UT WOS:A1991HD28700032 ER PT J AU PRIMINI, FA MURRAY, SS HUCHRA, J SCHILD, R BURG, R GIACCONI, R AF PRIMINI, FA MURRAY, SS HUCHRA, J SCHILD, R BURG, R GIACCONI, R TI THE CFA EINSTEIN-OBSERVATORY EXTENDED DEEP X-RAY SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE QUASARS; X-RAYS, SOURCES ID MEDIUM-SENSITIVITY SURVEY; ULTRAVIOLET EXCESS OBJECTS; N-LOG-S; COMPLETE SAMPLE; OPTICAL IDENTIFICATIONS; COSMOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; QUASARS; GALAXIES; SPECTRA AB In this paper, we present the results of X-ray analysis and optical identifications for the Einstein Observatory Extended Deep X-Ray Survey. The survey contains 10 IPC exposures and 34 HRI exposures. Using the IPC as our primary instrument for source detection and count rate determination, we construct a signal-to-noise limited sample covering approximately 2.3 deg2, with a typical limiting sensitivity of approximately 5 x 10(-14) ergs cm-2 s-1 in the energy range 0.8-3.5 keV. We detect 25 IPC sources at or above a count rate signal-to-noise threshold of 4.5. Eighteen are detected independently in the HRI, leading to the identification of six with stars and 11 with extragalactic objects. The remaining sources are classified as extragalactic on the basis of the ratio of X-ray to optical flux. The population of identified extragalactic objects is dominated by QSOs. Although the content of the survey sample has changed somewhat, the basic conclusions of the original survey remain unaffected. The extragalactic log N-log S relationship at our flux limit is consistent with that derived from samples at higher flux levels although the relative contribution of different classes of extragalactic objects has changed. We estimate that approximately 16%-25% of the XRB is due to discrete sources above our flux limit alone. C1 SPACE TELESCOPE SCI INST,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. RP PRIMINI, FA (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. OI Primini, Francis/0000-0002-6077-0643 NR 49 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 1991 VL 374 IS 2 BP 440 EP 455 DI 10.1086/170134 PN 1 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FR742 UT WOS:A1991FR74200004 ER PT J AU WANG, BQ AF WANG, BQ TI TIME EVOLUTION OF INTERSTELLAR DUST AND FAR-INFRARED LUMINOSITY OF DISK GALAXIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES, INTERSTELLAR MATTER; INFRARED, SOURCES; INTERSTELLAR, GRAINS ID LYMAN-ALPHA SYSTEMS; INTER-STELLAR DUST; IRAS GALAXIES; SUPERNOVA EXPLOSIONS; SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD; GRAIN DESTRUCTION; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; SPIRAL GALAXIES; STAR FORMATION; GAS AB We model the evolution of interstellar dust in disk galaxies, assuming that dust forms predominantly in molecular clouds associated with star formation. Analytical solutions for the dust abundance in disk galaxies as a function of galaxy age are obtained for the prompt initial enrichment and accretion models of chemical evolution, consistent with observations of the heavy element abundance in our Galaxy. Star formation rates in the disks of galaxies are taken as either constant or decreasing exponentially with time. It is found that the total amount of dust in the early history of galaxies can be up to 4 times the value observed today. The total emission from dust in galaxies is calculated, using an average dust temperature derived from IRAS observations. In the strongly evolving models, we find that the far-infrared luminosity from galaxies can be roughly two orders of magnitude larger than the current value. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP WANG, BQ (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 61 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 1991 VL 374 IS 2 BP 456 EP 464 DI 10.1086/170135 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FR742 UT WOS:A1991FR74200005 ER PT J AU WANG, BQ AF WANG, BQ TI INTEGRATED FAR-INFRARED BACKGROUND FROM GALAXIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE COSMIC BACKGROUND RADIATION; COSMOLOGY; GALAXIES, INTERSTELLAR MATTER; INFRARED, SOURCES ID INTER-STELLAR EXTINCTION; LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; IRC + 10216; INTERSTELLAR GRAINS; IRAS GALAXIES; DUST; ANISOTROPY; EVOLUTION; SPECTRUM AB We assess the general possibility of detecting the integrated background radiation from galaxies at far-infrared wavelengths. We adopt the analytical solutions for the evolution of the far-infrared luminosity of galaxies obtained by Wang and calculate the luminosity density from galaxies in the far-infrared, using simple models of galaxy formation. Consistent with the luminosity function at 60-mu-m determined by IRAS observations, the integrated far-infrared background from galaxies is found to peak at around 100-130-mu-m, with total radiation density from 0.5% to 6% of the cosmic microwave background. It is found that, in general, early galaxy formation predicts strong far-infrared background and that the chemical evolution dictated by the initial enrichment model leads to stronger far-infrared radiation from galaxies than does the accretion model. We calculate deviations due to galaxies at submillimeter wavelengths from the blackbody spectrum of the cosmic microwave background radiation. In terms of variation in the blackbody temperature, we find DELTA-T(CMB)/T(CMB) = (0.5-2) x 10(-2) at 0.4 mm. The autocorrelation of fluctuations in the far-infrared background due to the galaxy clustering is calculated, as is the contribution from the far-infrared background to the anisotropy at wavelengths dominated by the cosmic microwave background. The deviation predicted by our calculations in the spectrum and isotropy of the background radiation due to galaxies at far-infrared and submillimeter wavelengths exceeds the designed sensitivity of DIRBE and FIRAS aboard COBE. Therefore, COBE should be able to provide strong tests for the models presented here. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT ASTRON, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP WANG, BQ (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. NR 55 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 1991 VL 374 IS 2 BP 465 EP 474 DI 10.1086/170136 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FR742 UT WOS:A1991FR74200006 ER PT J AU KAROVSKA, M NISENSON, P PAPALIOLIOS, C BOYLE, RP AF KAROVSKA, M NISENSON, P PAPALIOLIOS, C BOYLE, RP TI ASYMMETRIES IN THE ATMOSPHERE OF MIRA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE INTERFEROMETRY; STARS, INDIVIDUAL (OMICRON-CETI) ID ENVELOPE; STARS AB A two-dimensional high angular resolution study of o Ceti (Mira), carried out at four epochs from 1983 November to 1988 November using speckle interferometry techniques, detected asymmetries in the extended atmosphere of this pulsating star. The reconstructed speckle images show that the strength and the shape of this asymmetry changes as a function of wavelength and time. We determined the position angles of the major axes of the asymmetries at different epochs and measured accurately the axes as a function of wavelength. The origin of the observed asymmetries has not yet been identified. Plausible causes include instabilities in the pulsating atmosphere, nonspherical pulsation, or the interaction with the nearby companion. C1 VATICAN OBSERV,VATICAN CITY 00120,VATICAN. RP KAROVSKA, M (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 22 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 1991 VL 374 IS 2 BP L51 EP L54 DI 10.1086/186069 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FR745 UT WOS:A1991FR74500006 ER PT J AU CREEL, SR MONFORT, SL WILDT, DE WASER, PM AF CREEL, SR MONFORT, SL WILDT, DE WASER, PM TI SPONTANEOUS LACTATION IS AN ADAPTIVE RESULT OF PSEUDOPREGNANCY SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID DWARF MONGOOSE; ESTROUS-CYCLE; PROGESTERONE; PREGNANCY; REPRODUCTION; ESTRADIOL; INFANTS; DOG AB LACTATION is almost exclusively associated with pregnancy and giving birth. Although lactation can be induced without a preceding pregnancy in some species, this requires exogenous hormones, artificially intense or extended suckling or both 1, 2. Spontaneous lactation, lactation by females that have neither been pregnant nor experimentally manipulated, is extremely unusual among eutherians 3-8. Among nondomesticated animals, spontaneous lactation has been observed repeatedly only in the dwarf mongoose Helogale parvula 9. We report here spontaneous lactation by free-living dwarf mongooses using data on urinary oestrogen conjugate concentrations (n = 560, 65 females) and body weight (n = 3,096, 25 females) from a population in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. We use demographic data from this population to demonstrate that spontaneous lactation, and thus the endocrine phenomena that induce it, increase the evolutionary fitness of lactating females. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,CTR CONSERVAT & RES,ENDOCRINE RES LAB,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630. RP CREEL, SR (reprint author), PURDUE UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907, USA. NR 24 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 11 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 20 PY 1991 VL 351 IS 6328 BP 660 EP 662 DI 10.1038/351660a0 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FT112 UT WOS:A1991FT11200069 PM 2052092 ER PT J AU CARROLL, SM FIELD, GB AF CARROLL, SM FIELD, GB TI EINSTEIN EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE AND THE POLARIZATION OF RADIO GALAXIES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC PROPAGATION; SCALAR AB The theoretical foundations of metric theories of gravitation rest largely on the Einstein equivalence principle (EEP). Schiff has conjectured that no consistent Lorentz-invariant theory can obey the weak equivalence principle and not obey the EEP. However, a counterexample has been proposed by Ni in a theoretical framework for studying electromagnetism coupled to gravity. Under the assumption that gravitational fields vary smoothly over a Hubble time, we show that Ni's counterexample would lead to a rotation in the plane of polarization of radiation from distant radio sources. As such rotation is not observed, we may put stringent limits on the magnitude of the parameter which violates the EEP, of less than about 10(-40) GeV. RP CARROLL, SM (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 18 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN 15 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 12 BP 3789 EP 3793 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.43.3789 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA FT074 UT WOS:A1991FT07400002 ER PT J AU MACCACARO, T DELLACECA, R GIOIA, IM MORRIS, SL STOCKE, JT WOLTER, A AF MACCACARO, T DELLACECA, R GIOIA, IM MORRIS, SL STOCKE, JT WOLTER, A TI THE PROPERTIES OF X-RAY SELECTED ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI .1. LUMINOSITY FUNCTION, COSMOLOGICAL EVOLUTION, AND CONTRIBUTION TO THE DIFFUSE-X-RAY BACKGROUND SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES, NUCLEI; GALAXIES, X-RAYS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; X-RAYS, SOURCES ID MEDIUM-SENSITIVITY SURVEY; QUASAR EVOLUTION; GALAXIES; SPECTRUM; SAMPLES; CATALOG AB The X-ray luminosity functions (XLF) of X-ray-selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and its cosmological evolution are derived and discussed. The sample utilized consists of more than 420 X-ray-selected AGNs extracted from the Einstein Observatory Extended Medium-Sensitivity Survey. The local (z < 0.1) observed XLF as well as the XLF in different redshift shells up to z approximately 2 have been derived. The local XLF shows a substantial flattening for L(x) less-than-or-equal-to 5 x 10(42) ergs s-1, while at higher luminosities it can be approximated by a power law. The AGN XLF obtained in a model-independent way at different redshifts gives direct evidence for cosmological evolution (weak for z less-than-or-equal-to 0.4 and more pronounced for higher z). The data have been analyzed within the framework of pure luminosity evolution models, and the two most common evolutionary forms L(x)(z) = L(x)(0)e(C-tau) and L(x)(z) = L(x)(0)(1 + z)C have been considered. Best-fit values of 4.18 and 2.56, respectively, have been found for the evolution parameter C. The de-evolved X-ray luminosity function has been derived. A good fit with a broken power law (with slope gamma-1 = 1.35 for L(x)(0) less-than-or-similar-to 2.5 x 10(43) ergs s-1 and slope gamma-2 = 3.05 for L(x)(0) greater-than-or-similar-to 2.5 x 10(43) ergs s-1) has been obtained. There is no evidence for a further slope change outside the range of luminosities sampled (10(42)-10(47) ergs s-1). The simultaneous determination of the cosmological evolution and of the XLF is then used to estimate the contribution of the AGNs to the extragalactic diffuse X-ray background. Using the best-fit values for the evolution of AGNs and for their volume density, it is found that they contribute approximately 40% of the 2 keV diffuse X-ray background. About 85% of this contribution comes from objects with L(x)(0) between 10(42) and 10(44) ergs s-1. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTMENTO ASTRON,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. CNR,IST RADIOASTRON,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. OBSERV CARNEGIE INST WASHINGTON,PASADENA,CA 91101. UNIV COLORADO,CTR ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. OSSERV ASTRON MERATE,I-20100 MILAN,ITALY. UNIV COLORADO,SPACE ADM,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP MACCACARO, T (reprint author), OSSERVATORIO ASTRO BOLOGNA,VIA ZAMBONI 33,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. RI Morris, Simon/G-7981-2011; Gioia, Isabella/B-6982-2012; OI Morris, Simon/0000-0003-4866-110X; Gioia, Isabella/0000-0003-3127-498X; Wolter, Anna/0000-0001-5840-9835 NR 38 TC 112 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 1991 VL 374 IS 1 BP 117 EP 133 DI 10.1086/170102 PN 1 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FP765 UT WOS:A1991FP76500012 ER PT J AU STAUFFER, JR GIAMPAPA, MS HERBST, W VINCENT, JM HARTMANN, LW STERN, RA AF STAUFFER, JR GIAMPAPA, MS HERBST, W VINCENT, JM HARTMANN, LW STERN, RA TI THE CHROMOSPHERIC ACTIVITY OF LOW-MASS STARS IN THE HYADES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE CLUSTERS, OPEN; STARS, CHROMOSPHERES; STARS, LATE-TYPE; STARS, ROTATION ID LOWER MAIN-SEQUENCE; H-ALPHA PHOTOMETRY; SOLAR-TYPE STARS; M-DWARF STARS; X-RAY SURVEY; ROTATIONAL VELOCITIES; COOL STARS; EMISSION; CORONAE; LINE AB High-resolution spectra or narrow-band H-alpha photometry of 106 dwarf K and M stars in the Hyades cluster have been used to determine H-alpha equivalent widths. These data reveal a sequence of Hyades members with H-alpha in absorption for photospheric temperatures hotter than about 3500 K. Within this sequence, the dispersion about the mean equivalent width-color relation is only slightly larger than our measurement errors. A second sequence of Hyades members, characterized by H-alpha emission and significant scatter at a given color, appears at effective temperatures cooler than about 4000 K. This bifurcation in H-alpha properties at T(eff) approximately 4000 K coincides with a bifurcation in the rotational characteristics of Hyades stars: the dispersion in the rotational velocities of the hotter Hyades members at a given effective temperature is small while the cooler stars exhibit significant scatter in their rotational velocities. On the basis of these data, we suggest, as has been argued by others, that low-mass stars spin down to rotational velocities dependent upon mass and age, but independent of premain-sequence angular momentum. The time scale for the rapid spin-down phase, and therefore the time scale for angular momentum evolution on the main sequence, increases toward later spectral types. Significant scatter and high rotational velocities are found among those stars cooler than T(eff) = 4000 K presumably because insufficient time has elapsed by the age of the Hyades to complete the rapid spin-down phase of their rotational evolution. We also find that the color redward of which all members of a given open cluster exhibit H-alpha emission is strongly age-dependent. The calibration of this effect could therefore yield a new tool for the determination of the relative ages of open clusters. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. WESLEYAN UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,MIDDLETOWN,CT 06457. LOCKHEED PALO ALTO RES LABS,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. NR 48 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 1991 VL 374 IS 1 BP 142 EP 149 DI 10.1086/170104 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FP765 UT WOS:A1991FP76500014 ER PT J AU HUOVELIN, J SAAR, SH AF HUOVELIN, J SAAR, SH TI BROAD-BAND LINEAR-POLARIZATION IN COOL STARS .1. MODELS AND SPATIAL EFFECTS FOR MAGNETIC AND SCATTERING REGIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE POLARIZATION; STARS, LATE-TYPE; STARS, MAGNETIC ID THIN STELLAR ENVELOPES; THOMSON SCATTERING; ALPHA-ORIONIS; DWARF STARS; FIELDS; BINARY AB We have developed models of broad-band linear polarization (BLP) arising from magnetic regions on cool stars. The models include an improved treatment of spatial effects in which the BLP is explicitly integrated over the stellar surface. We find that for magnetic region filling factors, f, larger than almost-equal-to 1% of a hemisphere, direct disk-integration yields results which are often significantly different from a simple linear scaling of BLP with region area, especially for regions near the limb. In particular, the amplitude of the BLP reaches a maximum for f almost-equal-to 24%, which is a consequence of cancellation of the polarization signal within the region itself. The line-of-sight angle at which the region exhibits maximum polarization increases with region size. We study the effects of bipolar pairs of regions, and single regions with small-scale bipolarity. The most important effect of bipolarity is the reduction in the influence of Faraday rotation on the integrated polarization. Spatial effects become more important as the size of the bipolar spot pair is increased. We construct similar models for Rayleigh and Thomson scattering regions in order to compare the signatures of BLP from these sources. Like magnetic BLP, scattering-induced BLP shows a maximum in polarization amplitude (at f almost-equal-to 18%), but the line-of-sight angle of the maximum first decreases (for f less-than-or-equal-to 10%) and then increases with increasing region size. We also present approximate formulas for the scaling of magnetically induced and scattering-induced polarization as a function of f. We discuss the importance of the differences found in the rotational phase dependence for discerning the source of the polarization. Use of the phase dependence requires detailed comparisons of polarization observed at several rotational phases, with the success of application depending on the specific geometry of the polarizing regions. The general applicability of the models depends on the accuracy in determining the instrumental and interstellar polarization (in modeling of polarization degree P) and/or the orientation of the stellar rotation axis on the plane of the sky (in modeling of Stokes parameters P(Q) and P(U). C1 UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV HELSINKI,ASTROPHYS LAB,SF-00100 HELSINKI 10,FINLAND. RP HUOVELIN, J (reprint author), OBSERV UNIV HELSINKI,TAHTITORNINMAKI,SF-00130 HELSINKI,FINLAND. NR 42 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 1991 VL 374 IS 1 BP 319 EP 329 DI 10.1086/170121 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FP765 UT WOS:A1991FP76500031 ER PT J AU OSTRO, SJ CAMPBELL, DB CHANDLER, JF HINE, AA HUDSON, RS ROSEMA, KD SHAPIRO, II AF OSTRO, SJ CAMPBELL, DB CHANDLER, JF HINE, AA HUDSON, RS ROSEMA, KD SHAPIRO, II TI ASTEROID-1986DA - RADAR EVIDENCE FOR A METALLIC COMPOSITION SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID OBJECTS; SPECTRA; IMAGES; VENUS AB Echoes from the near-Earth object 1986 DA show it to be significantly more reflective than other radar-detected asteroids. This result supports the hypothesis that 1986 DA is a piece of NiFe metal derived from the interior of a much larger object that melted, differentiated, cooled, and subsequently was disrupted in a catastrophic collision. This 2-kilometer asteroid, which appears smooth at centimeter to meter scales but extremely irregular at 10- to 100-meter scales, might be (or have been a part of) the parent body of some iron meteorites. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NATL ASTRON & IONOSPHERE CTR,ARECIBO,PR 00613. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,PULLMAN,WA 99164. CORNELL UNIV,NATL ASTRON & IONOSPHERE CTR,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP OSTRO, SJ (reprint author), CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA 91109, USA. NR 52 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 7 PY 1991 VL 252 IS 5011 BP 1399 EP 1404 DI 10.1126/science.252.5011.1399 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FP868 UT WOS:A1991FP86800026 PM 17772910 ER PT J AU KARP, I AF KARP, I TI AFRICAN REFLECTIONS - ART FROM NORTHEASTERN ZAIRE - SCHILDKROUT,E, KEIM,CA SO AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST LA English DT Book Review RP KARP, I (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOC PI ARLINGTON PA 4350 NORTH FAIRFAX DRIVE SUITE 640, ARLINGTON, VA 22203 SN 0002-7294 J9 AM ANTHROPOL JI Am. Anthropol. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 93 IS 2 BP 523 EP 525 DI 10.1525/aa.1991.93.2.02a00860 PG 3 WC Anthropology SC Anthropology GA GA406 UT WOS:A1991GA40600081 ER PT J AU POST, RC AF POST, RC TI EDISON AND THE BUSINESS OF INNOVATION - MILLARD,A SO AMERICAN HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Book Review RP POST, RC (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HISTORICAL REVIEW PI WASHINGTON PA 400 A ST SE, WASHINGTON, DC 20003 SN 0002-8762 J9 AM HIST REV JI Am. Hist. Rev. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 96 IS 3 BP 972 EP 973 DI 10.2307/2162637 PG 2 WC History SC History GA FU136 UT WOS:A1991FU13600220 ER PT J AU WACHOWIAK, MJ AF WACHOWIAK, MJ TI NEW DIRECTIONS IN THE STUDY OF CHINESE FURNITURE SO ASIAN ART LA English DT Article RP WACHOWIAK, MJ (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,SUITLAND,MD, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0894-234X J9 ASIAN ART PD SUM PY 1991 VL 4 IS 3 BP 34 EP 51 PG 18 WC Art SC Art GA GB582 UT WOS:A1991GB58200003 ER PT J AU CROSWELL, K LATHAM, DW CARNEY, BW SCHUSTER, W AGUILAR, L AF CROSWELL, K LATHAM, DW CARNEY, BW SCHUSTER, W AGUILAR, L TI A SEARCH FOR DISTANT STARS IN THE MILKY-WAY GALAXY HALO AND THICK DISK SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NORTH GALACTIC POLE; PROPER-MOTION STARS; POPULATION-II STARS; FAINT STARS; EMPIRICAL CALIBRATIONS; RADIAL-VELOCITIES; BETA-SYSTEMS; RED GIANTS; K GIANTS; KINEMATICS AB We have observed 247 faint (13.3 mag < V < 17.9 mag) stars with B - V less-than-or-equal-to 1.00 in one square degree near the North Galactic Pole. Most of these stars are distant, lying in either the Galactic halo or thick disk, and allow a study of these two populations in situ, with no kinematic or metallicity bias. For all 247 stars, spectra yield w velocities, and for over half the stars, Stromgren photometry gives luminosities, distances, and metallicities. Even though it was selected with no kinematic or metallicity criteria, the sample consists predominantly of thick disk and halo stars: the velocity dispersion of the total sample is 62 km s-1. The farthest star has a Galactocentric distance of 30 kpc; the fastest has w = - 295 km s-1. For the stars with known distances and metallicities, three populations appear: a thin disk at solar metallicities, a thick disk ranging in metallicity from about [Fe/H] = - 0.5 to [Fe/H] = - 1 with a velocity dispersion sigma-w of 30-35 km s-1, and a halo with metallicity [Fe/H] < - 1 and a velocity dispersion sigma-w of 60 km s-1. However, stars with unknown distances and metallicities-which are the faintest and presumably farthest stars in the survey-have sigma-w = 80 km s-1, suggesting that the more distant halo has a velocity dispersion considerably in excess of 60 km s-1. We find no abundance gradient in the outer (R > R0) halo. Stars we can reliably assign to the thick disk are red and old, consistent with their being similar in age to metal-rich globulars. If bound to the Galaxy, one faint distant high-velocity giant star implies that the mass of the Galaxy out to 30 kpc must be at least 1.4 x 10(11) M.. Another faint star, blue in color but of unknown luminosity and distance, implies that the Galactic mass out to 30 kpc must be at least 3 x 10(11) M., if the star is on the horizontal branch. We find no evidence for an imbalance in the motions of the halo stars; nor for any O, B, or A stars; nor for any zero-metal stars. However, about 10% of the "stars" turned out to be galaxies. Finally, a possible halo moving group, with [Fe/H] almost-equal-to - 1.7 and w almost-equal-to - 30 km s-1, appears in the sample, but its existence is doubtful. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. UNAM,OBSERV ASTRON NACL,SAN YSIDRO,CA 92073. RP CROSWELL, K (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 81 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 101 IS 6 BP 2078 EP 2096 DI 10.1086/115830 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FN636 UT WOS:A1991FN63600011 ER PT J AU BANIA, TM MARSCHER, AP BARVAINIS, R AF BANIA, TM MARSCHER, AP BARVAINIS, R TI OBSERVATIONS OF LOCAL INTERSTELLAR CO TOWARD 4 COMPACT EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO-SOURCES SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID EMISSION-ABSORPTION OBSERVATIONS; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; HYDROGEN; QUASARS; 3C-111; TAURUS; HI; OH AB We have observed the interstellar J = 1 --> 0 emission line of (CO)-C-12 toward the compact extragalactic continuum sources NRAO 140, NRAO 150, 3C 111, and BL Lacertae. We detect emission lines toward all four sources at higher spatial resolution than was the case for observations reported previously. Compact sources toward which CO is detected are excellent candidates for CO emission-absorption observations using a combination of single antennas (emission) and millimeter-wave interferometers (absorption). Such observations would provide important insights into the radiative transfer of the CO lines as well as the physical conditions inside molecular clouds. The observations reported here, combined with published H I observations, yield values for the total column density in atomic and molecular gas along the lines of sight to the observed sources. This is important for the interpretation of x-ray spectra of these objects since the intervening gas causes photoelectric absorption at low x-ray energies. C1 HAYSTACK OBSERV,WESTFORD,MA 01886. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP BANIA, TM (reprint author), BOSTON UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,725 COMMONWEALTH AVE,BOSTON,MA 02215, USA. RI Bania, Thomas/H-2318-2014 NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 101 IS 6 BP 2147 EP 2150 DI 10.1086/115836 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FN636 UT WOS:A1991FN63600017 ER PT J AU MATHIEU, RD ADAMS, FC LATHAM, DW AF MATHIEU, RD ADAMS, FC LATHAM, DW TI THE T-TAURI SPECTROSCOPIC BINARY GW ORIONIS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ECCENTRIC GRAVITATIONAL INSTABILITIES; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; INFRARED OBSERVATIONS; ACCRETION DISKS; STARS; SYSTEMS; SPECTRA; REGION; PHOTOMETRY; EVOLUTION AB We have discovered that the classical T Tauri star GW Ori is a spectroscopic binary with an orbital period of 242 days. For a primary mass of 2.5 M., the secondary mass is likely between 0.5 M. and 1M., and the primary/secondary separation is slightly more than 1 AU. The measured eccentricity of the GW Ori orbit is not distinguishable from zero (e = 0.04 +/- 0.06), although the measurement error is fairly large. The center-of-mass velocity has been observed to vary over a period of 1000 days, suggesting the presence of a third star in the system or an m = 1 perturbation in the associated disk. The observed spectral energy distribution of GW Ori shows a large near- and far-infrared excess over the stellar photosphere. The morphology of the spectral energy distribution is double peaked with a minimum in the continuum near 10-mu-m; in addition there is a very strong 10-mu-m silicate emission feature. We have considered two theoretical models for the GW Ori system. A circumstellar disk around the primary star will have a gap which is tidally driven by the companion star. Our pure-disk model thus consists of a primary star, a circumprimary disk, a circumbinary disk, and optically thin hot dust in the gap between the two disks. Such a model, with a gap between 0.17 and 3.3 AU, provides a good fit to the observed spectral energy distribution, with the exception of a steep rise in observed luminosity from 13 to 18-mu-m. The independently determined radius of the secondary orbit falls within this gap, and the width of the gap is dynamically plausible albeit somewhat large. In this model, the disk components must produce 34L.. A large accretion rate (almost-equal-to 5 X 10(-6) M. yr-1) is required, with no evident boundary layer emission, and the details of the disk luminosity production remain uncertain. We have considered a second model which replaces the active circumbinary disk with an optically thin shell that reprocesses stellar luminosity into the far infrared. Such a shell is motivated as residual infall and requires an inner radius of order 100 AU. This disk-shell model provides a good fit to the observed spectral energy distribution and somewhat relieves the energy demands on the disk. However, in order to produce the observed far-infrared luminosity, the visual extinction of the shell must be about 2 mag, which is larger than the observed A-upsilon = 0.82 mag. Additional assumptions regarding our line of sight to GW Ori are thus required. A circular orbit for a 242 day period binary would be notable given the rarity of circular orbits among long-period main-sequence binaries. We discuss the significance of the possible circular orbit of GW Ori with respect to the excitation of eccentricity in binary orbits by disks. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP MATHIEU, RD (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT ASTRON,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 59 TC 95 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 101 IS 6 BP 2184 EP 2198 DI 10.1086/115841 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FN636 UT WOS:A1991FN63600022 ER PT J AU MINK, DJ KLEMOLA, AR BUIE, MW AF MINK, DJ KLEMOLA, AR BUIE, MW TI OCCULTATIONS BY PLUTO AND CHARON - 1990-1999 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MUTUAL EVENTS; CIRCUMSTANCES AB The results of a photographic plate search for stars as faint as V = 16 which may be occulted by Pluto or Charon between 1 January 1990 and 31 December 1999 are presented. Circumstances for the closest approach of Pluto to 32 stars and Charon to 28 stars are presented. Photometric information is given for some of the brightest stars found in a search of the Space Telescope Guide Star Catalog for Pluto occultations. Finding charts from Space Telescope Guide Star plates are provided for some of the best events. The brightest star (V = 12.7) may be occulted by both Pluto and Charon on 26 September 1999. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,LICK OBSERV,UCO,BOARD STUDIES ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. RP MINK, DJ (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 101 IS 6 BP 2255 EP 2261 DI 10.1086/115846 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FN636 UT WOS:A1991FN63600027 ER PT J AU ANDERSEN, J CLAUSEN, JV NORDSTROM, B TOMKIN, J MAYOR, M AF ANDERSEN, J CLAUSEN, JV NORDSTROM, B TOMKIN, J MAYOR, M TI TZ FORNACIS - STELLAR AND TIDAL EVOLUTION IN A BINARY WITH A FULLY-FLEDGED RED GIANT (ABSOLUTE DIMENSIONS OF ECLIPSING BINARIES .17.) SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE STARS, BINARIES, CLOSE; STARS, DIAMETERS OF; STARS, EVOLUTION OF; STARS, INDIVIDUAL, TZ FOR; STARS, MASS OF; STARS, ROTATION OF ID CHROMOSPHERICALLY ACTIVE STARS; LIMB-DARKENING COEFFICIENTS; DETACHED CLOSE BINARIES; ORBITAL CIRCULARIZATION; EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURES; SPECTROSCOPIC ORBIT; RADIAL-VELOCITIES; MODEL ATMOSPHERES; CAPELLA STARS; OPEN CLUSTERS AB This paper provides the first highly precise determination of absolute dimensions for a normal giant star. We present new radial velocity curves, high-resolution spectroscopy, and complete uvby light curves for the evolved, but detached, eclipsing binary TZ For (F7 III + G8 III, P = 75d.7). The orbit is circular, and the masses of the components are 1.95 M. and 2.05 M. (+/- 1-2%). Using spectroscopically determined luminosity ratios at two wavelengths, the light curve solutions yield radii of 3.96 R. and 8.32 R. (+/- approximately 2%), both considerably larger than the main-sequence radius for this mass. The effective temperatures are 6350 K and 5000 K, and the metal abundance [Fe/H] = +0.1 +/- 0.15. Lithium is not detected, implying depletion by a factor greater-than-or-equal-to 300. The rotation of the larger star is synchronized with the orbital motion, while the other component rotates much faster. The main characteristics of TZ For are thus very similar to those of Capella (alpha-Aur). Standard stellar models provide a good fit to the less massive star, TZ For A, which appears to have left the main sequence and begun to cross the Hertzsprung gap at an age of approximately 1.2 10(9) years. The more massive TZ For B is a red giant, but standard red giant branch models at the observed luminosity are both too cool and substantially younger than TZ For A. Recent models extending to the core helium burning phase and including moderate convective overshooting are more satisfactory; TZ For A and B then appear to be in the longer-lived core hydrogen and core helium burning phases, respectively, for a consistent age of 1.75 10(9) yr. TZ For and Capella exemplify a group of binary systems with periods approximately 100 days, circular orbits, synchronized giant primary stars, and significantly evolved, fast-rotating secondaries. This is contrary to expectation from the time scales for tidal rotational synchronization and orbital circularization. TZ For has therefore been interpreted as a rare case of a near-circular initial orbit; however, essentially all giant binaries with similar periods in clusters and the field also have circular orbits. Thus, tidal and evolutionary effects in the giant components alone appear sufficient to circularize the orbits. This can be understood if the giants are in the core helium burning phase, having evolved past the tip of the giant branch where they were much larger than now. We emphasize the importance of accurate knowledge of the dimensions, structure, and evolutionary state of binary stars used to test tidal theories. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. UNIV TEXAS, DEPT ASTRON, AUSTIN, TX 78712 USA. OBSERV GENEVA, CH-1290 SAUVERNY, SWITZERLAND. RP ANDERSEN, J (reprint author), COPENHAGEN UNIV OBSERV, BRORFELDEVEJ 23, DK-4340 TOLLOSE, DENMARK. NR 120 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 246 IS 1 BP 99 EP 117 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FT464 UT WOS:A1991FT46400030 ER PT J AU NAKAJIMA, T KAWARA, K NISHIDA, M GREGORY, B AF NAKAJIMA, T KAWARA, K NISHIDA, M GREGORY, B TI NEAR-INFRARED LONG-SLIT SPECTROSCOPY OF IRAS 14348-1447 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES; INDIVIDUAL (IRAS 14348-1447); GALAXIES; INTERACTIONS; GALAXIES; NUCLEI; INFRARED; SOURCES ID MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; GALAXIES; EMISSION AB Near-infrared long-slit spectra have been obtained of a double-nucleus infrared luminous galaxy at z = 0.083, IRAS 14348-1447. The Pa-alpha and H2 emission lines are localized at the two nuclei with a spatial resolution of 1 kpc. The intrinsic widths of the narrow Pa-alpha components are measured to be 380 +/- 65 and 520 +/- 100 km s-1, respectively, at the primary and secondary. A broad Pa-alpha component (greater than 2500 km s-1) is present at the primary, and possibly also at the secondary. From the Pa profiles, we classify both nuclei as Seyferts with type 1.5-2. Ratios between the Pa-alpha and Br-gamma support the presence of broad emission components at both nuclei. The detection of a previously unknown emission feature at the rest wavelength 1.890-mu-m and the possible identification an allowed C II line are reported. The H2/Br-gamma ratios of the nuclei are similar to those observed in nearby Seyferts. Lower bounds to the masses of hot H2 are estimated to be 3 x 10(4) and 1.5 x 10(4) M., respectively, at the primary and secondary. The rather small radial velocity difference of the two nuclei and optical morphology of the galaxy may indicate a near head-on collision of two spirals, viewed face-on. C1 CERRO TOLOLO INTERAMER OBSERV, LA SERENA, CHILE. NATL ASTRON OBSERV JAPAN, MITAKA, TOKYO 181, JAPAN. KYOTO UNIV, DEPT PHYS, KYOTO 606, JAPAN. CERRO TOLOLO INTERAMER OBSERV, NATL OPT ASTRON OBSERV, LA SERENA, CHILE. RP HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 1991 VL 373 IS 2 BP 452 EP 457 DI 10.1086/170064 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FM779 UT WOS:A1991FM77900011 ER PT J AU MYERS, PC GOODMAN, AA AF MYERS, PC GOODMAN, AA TI ON THE DISPERSION IN DIRECTION OF INTERSTELLAR POLARIZATION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE CLUSTERS; OPEN; INTERSTELLAR; MAGNETIC FIELDS; INTERSTELLAR; MATTER; POLARIZATION ID MAGNETIC-FIELD STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; DARK CLOUD; STAR FORMATION; INFRARED POLARIMETRY; OPHIUCHUS; EVOLUTION; TAURUS; COMPLEX; CLUSTER AB Optical polarization maps of 15 dark clouds, five clusters, and six complexes are analyzed to study the spatial patterns and number distributions of the direction of interstellar optical polarization. Most clouds have a well-defined mean direction over their spatial extent, or two or three spatial zones with distinctly different mean directions. Their number distributions of polarization direction generally have a single local maximum, with dispersion 0.2-0.4 radians. Clouds with embedded star clusters have distributions with greater breadth and different mean direction than those of neighboring clouds with less extinction and fewer young stars. Clouds with embedded clusters have median dispersion 0.4-0.5 radians, while clouds without embedded clusters have median dispersion 0.2-0.3 radians. The enhanced dispersion of embedded clusters may be more closely associated with the dense gas than with the young stars in the cluster. If so, the increased dispersion may result from gas accumulation with infall speed slightly greater than the Alfven speed. The observed distribution of polarization angle is modeled as arising from a magnetic field with uniform and nonuniform parts. The nonuniform part has an isotropic probability distribution of direction, a Gaussian distribution of amplitude, and N correlation lengths along the line of sight through the cloud. The model fits observed distributions of polarization angle in terms of the mean polarization angle and the dispersion about the mean. The model estimates the three-dimensional uniform field, and its inclination to the line of sight, by combining maps of polarization direction and maps of the line-of-sight field component, based on the Zeeman effect. In L204, these quantities are 6-mu-G and 47-degrees. The uniform and nonuniform components of magnetic energy density are comparable if the typical cloud has a few correlation lengths along the line of sight. This requirement on N is consistent with the spatial patterns of several optical polarization maps, and with the estimated upper limit N(max) congruent-to 10, based on the cutoff wavelength of hydromagnetic waves. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP MYERS, PC (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,MAIL STOP 42,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. RI Goodman, Alyssa/A-6007-2010 OI Goodman, Alyssa/0000-0003-1312-0477 NR 54 TC 90 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 1991 VL 373 IS 2 BP 509 EP 524 DI 10.1086/170070 PN 1 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FM779 UT WOS:A1991FM77900017 ER PT J AU SMITH, LD HINES, AH AF SMITH, LD HINES, AH TI AUTOTOMY IN BLUE-CRAB (CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS RATHBUN) POPULATIONS - GEOGRAPHIC, TEMPORAL, AND ONTOGENIC VARIATION SO BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID LIZARD TAIL AUTOTOMY; CARCINUS-MAENAS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; SCINCELLA-LATERALIS; PREDATION PRESSURE; AGONISTIC BEHAVIOR; FEEDING-HABITS; INJURY; ENERGETICS; CRUSTACEA AB Blue crab (Callinectes sapidus Rathbun) populations were examined at four sites in Chesapeake Bay and three additional sites along the southeastern Atlantic coast and Gulf of Mexico; the aims were to assess the incidence of limb autotomy and to determine whether injury patterns varied temporally, geographically, and ontogenetically. These data, which include four years of information from one site (Rhode River, Maryland, a subestuary of central Chesapeake Bay), make this study the most extensive and intensive survey of limb autotomy yet conducted in arthropods. A substantial percentage (17-39%) of the blue crab populations were either missing or regenerating one or more limbs, suggesting that autotomy is an important mechanism for their survival. The frequency of limb autotomy varied, both within and between years, and over broad geographical scales. Injury levels were generally correlated positively with crab size. Limb autotomy was independent of sex and molt stage, and frequencies varied little among sites in the Rhode River. Patterns of limb injury in C. sapidus were remarkably consistent among all sites. The most frequent injury involved loss of a single cheliped. Swimming legs suffered the least damage. Severe multiple limb loss was rare. Right and left limbs were lost with equal frequency in most populations. This consistency of autotomy pattern suggests differential vulnerability of limbs and standard behavioral response by blue crabs to various injury-causing agents. The frequency of autotomy was density-dependent in the Rhode River, indicating that intraspecific interactions (e.g., cannibalism) may be a major cause of limb loss in populations in the Rhode River subestuary and elsewhere. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ZOOL,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP SMITH, LD (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,POB 28,EDGEWATER,MD 21037, USA. NR 74 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 11 PU MARINE BIOL LAB PI WOODS HOLE PA BIOLOGICAL BULL MBL STREET, WOODS HOLE, MA 02543 SN 0006-3185 J9 BIOL BULL JI Biol. Bull. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 180 IS 3 BP 416 EP 431 DI 10.2307/1542342 PG 16 WC Biology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA FQ685 UT WOS:A1991FQ68500009 ER PT J AU EMMONS, LH NIAS, J BRIUN, A AF EMMONS, LH NIAS, J BRIUN, A TI THE FRUIT AND CONSUMERS OF RAFFLESIA-KEITHII (RAFFLESIACEAE) SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Note C1 SABAH PARKS,KINABALU PK,SABAH 89307,MALAYSIA. RP EMMONS, LH (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DIV MAMMALS,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU ASSN TROP BIOL PI ST LOUIS PA MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN 2345 TOWER GROVE AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 SN 0006-3606 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica PD JUN PY 1991 VL 23 IS 2 BP 191 EP 199 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FU222 UT WOS:A1991FU22200013 ER PT J AU DURDEN, LA AF DURDEN, LA TI PSEUDOSCORPIONS ASSOCIATED WITH MAMMALS IN PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Note C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,CTR MUSEUM SUPPORT,DEPT ENTOMOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU ASSN TROP BIOL PI ST LOUIS PA MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN 2345 TOWER GROVE AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 SN 0006-3606 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica PD JUN PY 1991 VL 23 IS 2 BP 204 EP 206 DI 10.2307/2388309 PG 3 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FU222 UT WOS:A1991FU22200015 ER PT J AU SPANGLER, PJ AF SPANGLER, PJ TI GUARANIUS-CARLOSI, A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF DRYOPID BEETLE FROM PARAGUAY (COLEOPTERA, DRYOPIDAE) SO COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB A new genus and species of dryopid beetle, Guaranius carlosi, are described. The dorsal habitus and male aedeagus are illustrated by pen and ink drawings. Possible relationships of Guaranius to two New World dryopid genera, Helichus and Postelichus, are discussed and a couplet is given to distinguish Guaranius from other dryopid genera of the New World. RP SPANGLER, PJ (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT ENTOMOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU COLEOPTERISTS SOC PI NATCHEZ PA P.O. BOX 767, NATCHEZ, MS 39121 SN 0010-065X J9 COLEOPTS BULL JI Coleopt. Bull. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 45 IS 2 BP 147 EP 151 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA FT235 UT WOS:A1991FT23500006 ER PT J AU JAMIESON, MJ DU, ML AF JAMIESON, MJ DU, ML TI COMMENTS ON THE NUMEROV-COOLEY AND HARTREE-COOLEY METHODS FOR FINDING EIGENVALUES SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB The Numerov-Cooley and Hartree-Cooley formulae for correcting a trial eigenvalue of the Schrodinger equation are derived from linear algebra. The usual implementation of the former is noted to contain an error in the square of the step size, but in practical iteration it makes only a small change to the rate of convergence. The Ridley correction which also leads to the Hartree-Cooley formula is shown to be of second order. C1 UNIV GLASGOW,DEPT COMP SCI,GLASGOW G12 8QQ,SCOTLAND. RP JAMIESON, MJ (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 64 IS 3 BP 360 EP 362 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(91)90131-4 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA FX685 UT WOS:A1991FX68500002 ER PT J AU GUZMAN, HM AF GUZMAN, HM TI RESTORATION OF CORAL REEFS IN PACIFIC COSTA-RICA SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Loss and degradation of coral reef habitats are increasing in the eastern Pacific. Intense, frequent natural and human-induced disturbances have devastated most reefs in this region during the last decade. Slow recovery combined with intense bioerosion has led to extensive destruction of the reef frameworks. At some reefs along the Pacific coast of Costa Rica, 100% mortality of the dominant coral (Pocillopora spp.) occurred in shallow water. Surviving individuals for some pocilloporid species are extremely small, and reef recovery by sexual or asexual means has been lowered. A restoration experiment was conducted in two different shallow habitats inside a marine biological reserve. Coral fragments (n = 110) imported from nearby reefs were transplanted onto dead reef frameworks, and after three years, survivorship was 79% - 83%. Furthermore, fragmentation caused a 41% - 115% increase in new colonies. These results suggest that coral transplantation for reef management and restoration is a feasible tool in the eastern Pacific region. RP GUZMAN, HM (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,APO,MIAMI,FL 34002, USA. NR 0 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 21 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 5 IS 2 BP 189 EP 195 DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.1991.tb00123.x PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FM325 UT WOS:A1991FM32500010 ER PT J AU JORDAN, TE CORRELL, DL AF JORDAN, TE CORRELL, DL TI CONTINUOUS AUTOMATED SAMPLING OF TIDAL EXCHANGES OF NUTRIENTS BY BRACKISH MARSHES SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE MARSHES; NUTRIENTS; BRACKISH-WATERS; TIDAL CYCLES; TIDAL CREEK; MONITORING; AUTOMATIC TECHNIQUES; CHESAPEAKE BAY ID NORTH INLET ECOSYSTEM; RHODE RIVER ESTUARY; SALT-MARSH; ORGANIC-CARBON; NITROGEN EXCHANGE; CHESAPEAKE BAY; SOUTH-CAROLINA; WATER; PARTICULATE; FLUXES RP JORDAN, TE (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,EDGEWATER,MD 21037, USA. NR 47 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0272-7714 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 32 IS 6 BP 527 EP 545 DI 10.1016/0272-7714(91)90073-K PG 19 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA FQ180 UT WOS:A1991FQ18000001 ER PT J AU SEEGER, A AF SEEGER, A TI TO SQUARE WITH GENESIS - CAUSAL STATEMENTS AND SHAMANISTIC IDEAS IN WAYAPI - CAMPBELL,AT SO ETHNOHISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP SEEGER, A (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DUKE UNIV PRESS PI DURHAM PA BOX 90660, DURHAM, NC 27708-0660 SN 0014-1801 J9 ETHNOHISTORY JI Ethnohistory PD SUM PY 1991 VL 38 IS 3 BP 352 EP 354 DI 10.2307/482382 PG 3 WC Anthropology; History SC Anthropology; History GA GF497 UT WOS:A1991GF49700029 ER PT J AU KENNEDY, R AF KENNEDY, R TI THE CHINESE OF EARLY TUCSON - HISTORIC ARCHAEOLOGY FROM THE TUCSON URBAN-RENEWAL PROJECT - LISTER,FC, LISTER,RH SO ETHNOHISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP KENNEDY, R (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DUKE UNIV PRESS PI DURHAM PA BOX 90660, DURHAM, NC 27708-0660 SN 0014-1801 J9 ETHNOHISTORY JI Ethnohistory PD SUM PY 1991 VL 38 IS 3 BP 360 EP 361 DI 10.2307/482386 PG 2 WC Anthropology; History SC Anthropology; History GA GF497 UT WOS:A1991GF49700033 ER PT J AU CHANCE, KV JOHNSON, DG TRAUB, WA JUCKS, KW AF CHANCE, KV JOHNSON, DG TRAUB, WA JUCKS, KW TI MEASUREMENT OF THE STRATOSPHERIC HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE CONCENTRATION PROFILE USING FAR INFRARED THERMAL EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-AXIS PLATFORM; INSITU MEASUREMENTS; CHEMISTRY; H2O2; HO2; OH AB We have made the first unequivocal measurement of hydrogen peroxide in the stratosphere, a concentration profile obtained from a balloon platform using Fourier transform thermal emission spectroscopy in the far infrared. Measurements were made using the 112 cm-1 R(Q5) branch of the rotational-torsional spectrum, with some confirmation from the 94 cm-1 R(Q4) branch. The atmospheric spectra were obtained from a balloon flight on September 26-27, 1989, launched from Fort Summer, NM. The volume mixing ratio of H2O2 is 1.6 x 10(-10) at 38.4 km, decreasing to 0.6 x 10(-10) at 23.8 km, with uncertainities of about 16% (1-sigma). Our measurements are compared to a recent stratospheric model calculation. RP CHANCE, KV (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. RI Johnson, David/F-2376-2015; OI Johnson, David/0000-0003-4399-5653; Chance, Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577 NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1003 EP 1006 DI 10.1029/91GL01224 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA FR190 UT WOS:A1991FR19000005 ER PT J AU COMBI, MR MCCROSKY, RE AF COMBI, MR MCCROSKY, RE TI HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTRA OF THE 6300-A REGION OF COMET P/HALLEY SO ICARUS LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERES; WATER; MODEL; OH C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP COMBI, MR (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,SPACE PHYS RES LAB,2455 HAYWARD ST,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. RI Combi, Michael/J-1697-2012 OI Combi, Michael/0000-0002-9805-0078 NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0019-1035 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JUN PY 1991 VL 91 IS 2 BP 270 EP 279 DI 10.1016/0019-1035(91)90024-N PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FQ205 UT WOS:A1991FQ20500008 ER PT J AU VANHOUTEN, CJ VANHOUTENGROENEVELD, I WISSESCHOUTEN, M BARDWELL, C GREEN, DWE GEHRELS, T AF VANHOUTEN, CJ VANHOUTENGROENEVELD, I WISSESCHOUTEN, M BARDWELL, C GREEN, DWE GEHRELS, T TI THE 2ND PALOMAR-LEIDEN TROJAN SURVEY SO ICARUS LA English DT Article C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV ARIZONA,LUNAR & PLANETARY LAB,TUCSON,AZ 85721. RP VANHOUTEN, CJ (reprint author), LEIDEN OBSERV,POB 9513,2300 RA LEIDEN,NETHERLANDS. NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0019-1035 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JUN PY 1991 VL 91 IS 2 BP 326 EP 333 DI 10.1016/0019-1035(91)90028-R PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FQ205 UT WOS:A1991FQ20500012 ER PT J AU FAZIO, GG AF FAZIO, GG TI BALLOONS FOR SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH - THE INTERNATIONAL SCENE SO INDIAN JOURNAL OF RADIO & SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Scientific ballooning has, over the last 30 to 40 years, led to many important discoveries and it continues to be relevant and important in the present era of space platforms. The advantages of using balloons for scientific research are enumerated. A brief review of the major achievements from scientific ballooning in several fields, such as atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric circulation, submillimeter and infrared astronomy, ultraviolet and optical astronomy, X-ray and gamma-ray astronomy, cosmic rays and cosmic dust, is presented. The unique advantages of balloon platforms and their role as precursors of extended missions with space platforms are described. Finally, the future needs of scientific ballooning for making it a more effective tool are highlighted. RP FAZIO, GG (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COUNCIL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH PI NEW DELHI PA PUBL & INFO DIRECTORATE, NEW DELHI 110012, INDIA SN 0367-8393 J9 INDIAN J RADIO SPACE JI Indian J. Radio Space Phys. PD JUN-AUG PY 1991 VL 20 IS 3-4 BP 220 EP 223 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FZ197 UT WOS:A1991FZ19700015 ER PT J AU NYSTROM, G AF NYSTROM, G TI A LIGHTWEIGHT STABILIZED BALLOON PAYLOAD FOR X-RAY OBSERVATIONS SO INDIAN JOURNAL OF RADIO & SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB An energetic X-ray telescope experiment (EXITE), a balloon-borne telescope for observation in hard X-rays between 20 and 300 keV is described. The gondola is light-weight (921 lb) but rigid enough for launch and re-entry. The telescope is stabilized in alt-azimuth mode and can be oriented with r.m.s. positional stability of approximately 25 arc sec. During nighttime the orientation can be checked in real time by a star field TV camera. For daytime observations a sun tracker is used. The payload has been successfully flown three times with excellent performance. RP NYSTROM, G (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COUNCIL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH PI NEW DELHI PA PUBL & INFO DIRECTORATE, NEW DELHI 110012, INDIA SN 0367-8393 J9 INDIAN J RADIO SPACE JI Indian J. Radio Space Phys. PD JUN-AUG PY 1991 VL 20 IS 3-4 BP 249 EP 251 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FZ197 UT WOS:A1991FZ19700019 ER PT J AU NYSTROM, G GRINDLAY, J DANGELO, J LICATA, F COVAULT, C GOMES, J KUOSMANEN, V AF NYSTROM, G GRINDLAY, J DANGELO, J LICATA, F COVAULT, C GOMES, J KUOSMANEN, V TI DESIGN OF A SOLAR ASPECT SENSOR FOR DAYTIME AZIMUTHAL ORIENTATION SO INDIAN JOURNAL OF RADIO & SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The function of a solar aspect sensor, which has been designed for pointing X-ray imaging telescope during the daytime, is described. The basic principle of this sensor is to obtain the position of the sun with respect to a reference point on the gondola, in which the X-ray telescope is mounted. An accuracy of 6 arc-min has been achieved in the pointing. It will be possible in the near future to use both the sun and the moon for the aspect sensing by adjusting the electronic thresholds and gains through telecommand. RP NYSTROM, G (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COUNCIL SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH PI NEW DELHI PA PUBL & INFO DIRECTORATE, NEW DELHI 110012, INDIA SN 0367-8393 J9 INDIAN J RADIO SPACE JI Indian J. Radio Space Phys. PD JUN-AUG PY 1991 VL 20 IS 3-4 BP 265 EP 267 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA FZ197 UT WOS:A1991FZ19700022 ER PT J AU CHANCE, KV TRAUB, WA JUCKS, KW JOHNSON, DG AF CHANCE, KV TRAUB, WA JUCKS, KW JOHNSON, DG TI ON THE USE OF O-2 SPIN-ROTATION LINES FOR ELEVATION ANGLE CALIBRATION OF ATMOSPHERIC THERMAL EMISSION-SPECTRA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFRARED AND MILLIMETER WAVES LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-AXIS PLATFORM; OXYGEN; PERFORMANCE; EDITION AB The magnetic dipole-allowed spin-rotation lines of O2 potentially can be used for pointing calibration and confirmation of float altilude for far infrared spectra of the stratosphere obtained from balloon platforms. We demonstrate that current deficiencies in the spectroscopic database, particularly the air pressure-broadening coefficients, severely limit the capability of deriving useful pointing calibrations, and that precise pressure-bradening measurements for the transitions actually used in calibration are needed to improve this capability. RP CHANCE, KV (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. RI Johnson, David/F-2376-2015; OI Johnson, David/0000-0003-4399-5653; Chance, Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577 NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0195-9271 J9 INT J INFRARED MILLI JI Int. J. Infrared Millimeter Waves PD JUN PY 1991 VL 12 IS 6 BP 581 EP 588 DI 10.1007/BF01010377 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA FN077 UT WOS:A1991FN07700003 ER PT J AU ROSENBERGER, AL HARTWIG, WC TAKAI, M SETOGUCHI, T SHIGEHARA, N AF ROSENBERGER, AL HARTWIG, WC TAKAI, M SETOGUCHI, T SHIGEHARA, N TI DENTAL VARIABILITY IN SAIMIRI AND THE TAXONOMIC STATUS OF NEOSAIMIRI-FIELDS, AN EARLY SQUIRREL-MONKEY FROM LA VENTA, COLOMBIA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NEOSAIMIRI FIELDSI; SAIMIRI FIELDSI; TAXONOMY; DENTITION; AOTUS DINDENSIS ID MIOCENE; PLATYRRHINE AB Neosaimiri fieldsi, from the South American middle Miocene locality of La Venta, is represented by a relatively complete mandible and dentition that strongly resembles that of extant Saimiri. Comparison with a large sample of mandibles of Saimiri indicates that this specimen cannot be distinguished from modern populations on the basis of any reportedly diagnostic feature, such as cingulid development, molar length ratio, trigonic/talonid ratio, or mandibular depth. The fossil is best considered an extinct species of the modern genus Saimiri until further material indicates otherwise. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT ANTHROPOL,CHICAGO,IL 60680. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ANTHROPOL,HUMAN EVOLUTIONARY STUDIES,BERKELEY,CA 94720. PRIMATE RES INST,INUYAMA,AICHI 484,JAPAN. DOKKYO SCH MED,DEPT ANAT,MIBU,TOCHIGI 32102,JAPAN. RP ROSENBERGER, AL (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT ZOOL RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 18 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 4 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0164-0291 J9 INT J PRIMATOL JI Int. J. Primatol. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 12 IS 3 BP 291 EP 301 DI 10.1007/BF02547590 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA FM983 UT WOS:A1991FM98300007 ER PT J AU SLOTTEN, HR AF SLOTTEN, HR TI CHEMICAL WARFARE, CHEMICAL DISARMAMENT - ADAMS,V SO ISIS LA English DT Book Review C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP SLOTTEN, HR (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,HIST SCI,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0021-1753 J9 ISIS JI Isis PD JUN PY 1991 VL 82 IS 312 BP 407 EP 407 DI 10.1086/355816 PG 1 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA FZ573 UT WOS:A1991FZ57300080 ER PT J AU VENNUM, T AF VENNUM, T TI IN TUNE WITH TRADITION - WISCONSIN FOLK MUSICAL-INSTRUMENTS - TESKE,RT SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN FOLKLORE LA English DT Book Review RP VENNUM, T (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,OFF FOLKLIFE PROGRAMS,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOC PI ARLINGTON PA 4350 NORTH FAIRFAX DRIVE SUITE 640, ARLINGTON, VA 22203 SN 0021-8715 J9 J AM FOLKLORE JI J. Am. Folk. PD SUM PY 1991 VL 104 IS 413 BP 345 EP 348 DI 10.2307/541450 PG 4 WC Folklore SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA GA943 UT WOS:A1991GA94300005 ER PT J AU TAYLOR, L AF TAYLOR, L TI BEHIND THE MASK IN MEXICO - ESSER,JB SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN FOLKLORE LA English DT Book Review RP TAYLOR, L (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL MUSEUM AMER HIST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOC PI ARLINGTON PA 4350 NORTH FAIRFAX DRIVE SUITE 640, ARLINGTON, VA 22203 SN 0021-8715 J9 J AM FOLKLORE JI J. Am. Folk. PD SUM PY 1991 VL 104 IS 413 BP 352 EP 354 PG 3 WC Folklore SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA GA943 UT WOS:A1991GA94300007 ER PT J AU REAGON, BJ AF REAGON, BJ TI NOBODY KNOWS THE TROUBLE I SEE - OR, BY AND BY IM GONNA LAY DOWN MY HEAVY LOAD SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Editorial Material RP REAGON, BJ (reprint author), NATL MUSEUM AMER HIST,SMITHSONIAN INST,DIV COMMUNITY LIFE,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGAN AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47401 SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 78 IS 1 BP 111 EP 119 DI 10.2307/2078089 PG 9 WC History SC History GA FP543 UT WOS:A1991FP54300009 ER PT J AU RAPPOLE, JH TIPTON, AR AF RAPPOLE, JH TIPTON, AR TI NEW HARNESS DESIGN FOR ATTACHMENT OF RADIO TRANSMITTERS TO SMALL PASSERINES SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN VERACRUZ; WOOD THRUSH AB Proper attachment of radio transmitters to small passerines is critical to success of telemetry studies. Neck loop and wing loop harnesses pose a number of problems. Gluing techniques are better, but are time consuming. A figure-8 harness that slides on over the legs of the bird, with the transmitter resting over the synsacrum, provides a rapid attachment technique that minimizes problems of balance and physical discomfort. C1 TEXAS A&I UNIV,CAESAR KLEBERG WILDLIFE RES INST,KINGSVILLE,TX 78363. RP RAPPOLE, JH (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,CONSERVAT & RES CTR,NATL ZOOL PK,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630, USA. NR 8 TC 409 Z9 423 U1 1 U2 56 PU ASSOC FIELD ORNITHOLOGISTS PI BELOIT PA BELOIT COLLEGE, DEPT BIOLOGY, 700 COLLEGE ST, BELOIT, WI 53511 SN 0273-8570 J9 J FIELD ORNITHOL JI J. Field Ornithol. PD SUM PY 1991 VL 62 IS 3 BP 335 EP 337 PG 3 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA GH322 UT WOS:A1991GH32200007 ER PT J AU MARCELLINI, DL JENSSEN, TA AF MARCELLINI, DL JENSSEN, TA TI AVOIDANCE-LEARNING BY THE CURLY-TAILED LIZARD, LEIOCEPHALUS-SCHREIBERSI - IMPLICATIONS FOR ANTIPREDATOR BEHAVIOR SO JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY LA English DT Note ID MACROPODUS-OPERCULARIS L; ETHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. RP MARCELLINI, DL (reprint author), NATL ZOOL PK,SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 22 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 11 PU SOC STUD AMPHIBIANS REPTILES PI OXFORD PA DEPT OF ZOOLOGY MIAMI UNIV, OXFORD, OH 45056 SN 0022-1511 J9 J HERPETOL JI J. Herpetol. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 25 IS 2 BP 238 EP 241 DI 10.2307/1564662 PG 4 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA FQ099 UT WOS:A1991FQ09900024 ER PT J AU WALLACE, J AF WALLACE, J TI THE USE OF COMMERCIAL SCANNERS TO RESTORE DARK-FADED COLOR TRANSPARENCIES SO JOURNAL OF IMAGING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON IMAGE CONSERVATION CY JUN, 1990 CL SOC IMAGE SCI & TECHNOL, ROCHESTER, NY HO SOC IMAGE SCI & TECHNOL AB Techniques using commercially available electronic scanners to produce restorations from dark-faded transparencies have been investigated. Restorations were output as both screened four-color separations and continuous-tone transparencies. The capabilities of the scanners to make tonal gradation adjustments in each dye layer, based on calculated dye loss, have been assessed. Problems were noted due to the limited dynamic range of the scanners. Comparisons between faded originals scanner output, and restorations obtained using photomechanical methods indicate favorable initial scanner results. RP WALLACE, J (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,OFF PRINTING & PHOTOG SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I S & T - SOC IMAGING SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY PI SPRINGFIELD PA 7003 KILWORTH LANE, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22151 SN 0747-3583 J9 J IMAGING TECHNOL PD JUN PY 1991 VL 17 IS 3 BP 107 EP 114 PG 8 WC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA FU997 UT WOS:A1991FU99700003 ER PT J AU SEEGERS, A AF SEEGERS, A TI SOUTH-AFRICA NATIONAL-SECURITY MANAGEMENT-SYSTEM, 1972-90 SO JOURNAL OF MODERN AFRICAN STUDIES LA English DT Article C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,WOODROW WILSON INT CTR SCHOLARS,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP SEEGERS, A (reprint author), UNIV CAPE TOWN,DEPT POLIT STUDIES,CAPE TOWN,SOUTH AFRICA. NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0022-278X J9 J MOD AFR STUD JI J. Mod. Afr. Stud. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 29 IS 2 BP 253 EP 273 DI 10.1017/S0022278X00002743 PG 21 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA GF702 UT WOS:A1991GF70200004 ER PT J AU PARK, K CHANCE, KV NOLT, IG RADOSTITZ, JV VANEK, MD JENNINGS, DA EVENSON, KM AF PARK, K CHANCE, KV NOLT, IG RADOSTITZ, JV VANEK, MD JENNINGS, DA EVENSON, KM TI PRESSURE BROADENING OF THE 2.5 THZ (HCL)-CL-35 ROTATIONAL LINE BY N2 AND O2 SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID FAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; HCL; TEMPERATURE; WIDTHS; BAND C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,HAMPTON,VA 23665. NATL INST STANDARDS & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD. RP PARK, K (reprint author), UNIV OREGON,DEPT PHYS,EUGENE,OR 97403, USA. OI Chance, Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577 NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 147 IS 2 BP 521 EP 525 DI 10.1016/0022-2852(91)90075-L PG 5 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA FL581 UT WOS:A1991FL58100020 ER PT J AU COURTNEY, GW AF COURTNEY, GW TI LIFE-HISTORY PATTERNS OF NEARCTIC MOUNTAIN MIDGES (DIPTERA, DEUTEROPHLEBIIDAE) SO JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BENTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE DEUTEROPHLEBIIDAE; MOUNTAIN MIDGES; DIPTERA; NEARCTIC; LIFE HISTORIES; HABITAT; PHENOLOGIES; VOLTINISM; ISOLATION MECHANISMS AB Mountain midges (Diptera: Deuterophlebiidae) are widespread and seasonally abundant in streams of western North America. As part of a comprehensive systematic investigation of the Deuterophlebiidae, I examined the life histories of all Nearctic species, including aspects of habitat, reproductive biology, and phenology. Collection techniques were also evaluated. This paper is based on qualitative data obtained during a seven-year period (1981-1988) and from more than 500 collection sites, and on a quantitative phenological study in 1986 of 17 populations from the Pacific Northwest. Deuterophlebiids generally are considered stenobionts, requiring cold, mountain streams; however, many species inhabit a diversity of stream types, from small, high-gradient creeks to large, low-gradient rivers. The immature stages of all species are restricted to riffle habitats where current velocities typically exceed 1 m/s. Adult mountain midges exhibit marked diel synchrony, with emergence, flight, and mating during only the early morning. Flight behaviour of the short-lived adults is distinct and includes formation of male swarms. Field and laboratory observations show that females shed their wings and select oviposition sites underwater. Asynchronous life histories are typical of Nearctic species, with egg-hatching and adult emergence usually extending 2-3 mo. This strategy is adaptive for populations in the Pacific Northwest, where unpredictable spring spates may scour substrates and cause correspondingly high mortality of stream benthos. Univoltine life histories are typical of Nearctic mountain midges, though variation from this pattern was seen in three populations. Temporal, habitat and/or reproductive isolation of sympatric deuterophlebiids, blepharicerids, and other torrenticolous insects was evident in many streams. RP COURTNEY, GW (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT ENTOMOL,NHB 169,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU NORTH AMER BENTHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMSPHIRE STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0887-3593 J9 J N AM BENTHOL SOC JI J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 10 IS 2 BP 177 EP 197 DI 10.2307/1467577 PG 21 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA FT290 UT WOS:A1991FT29000007 ER PT J AU PIPERNO, DR AF PIPERNO, DR TI THE STATUS OF PHYTOLITH ANALYSIS IN THE AMERICAN TROPICS SO JOURNAL OF WORLD PREHISTORY LA English DT Article DE PHYTOLITHS; AMERICAN TROPICS; PALEOETHNOBOTANY; PALEOECOLOGY; PLANT DOMESTICATION; AGRICULTURE ID MAIZE CULTIVATION; OPAL PHYTOLITHS; ECUADOR; PANAMA; TEOSINTE; WILD; GRASSES; ZEA; KEY C1 SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. UNIV PENN,UNIV MUSEUM,MASCA,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP PIPERNO, DR (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,APO,MIAMI,FL 34002, USA. NR 83 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0892-7537 J9 J WORLD PREHIST JI J. World Prehist. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 5 IS 2 BP 155 EP 191 DI 10.1007/BF00974678 PG 37 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA FL207 UT WOS:A1991FL20700002 ER PT J AU FAYER, R PHILLIPS, L ANDERSON, BC BUSH, M AF FAYER, R PHILLIPS, L ANDERSON, BC BUSH, M TI CHRONIC CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS IN A BACTRIAN CAMEL (CAMELUS-BACTRIANUS) SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE BACTRIAN CAMEL; CAMELUS-BACTRIANUS; CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-MURIS; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARUM; PARASITE; PROTOZOAN ID ABOMASAL CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS AB A 4-yr-old female Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) had chronic cryptosporidiosis for 18 mo. The female camel had been housed with a male camel in an outdoor pen for 3 yr; the male had no history of cryptosporidiosis. Clinical signs included chronic loose stools, reduced appetite, weight loss, and lethargy. During this period, recurrent intestinal parasitic infections, including gastrointestinal helminths and cryptosporidiosis, were identified from microscopic stages in the feces. Treatment of the helminth infections with anthelmintics only temporarily diminished the number of eggs produced. Treatment of the cryptosporidiosis with an anticoccidial drug failed to resolve that infection. Oocysts averaging 5.9 x 7.9-mu-m were indistinguishable from those of Cryptosporidium muris or from a bovine isolate that parasitizes the abomasum. Attempts were made to experimentally establish cryptosporidial infections in neonatal calves and mice by oral administration of oocysts. Calves did not shed oocysts resembling C. muris during 17 days of daily fecal examinations. Only those mice examined 12 days or more after inoculation had oocysts in their feces and cryptosporidial stages in gastric glands of the stomach, indicating that the isolate from the camel was very similar, if not identical, to C. muris. C1 BROOKFIELD ZOO,BROOKFIELD,IL 60513. UNIV IDAHO,CAINE VET TEACHING CTR,CALDWELL,ID 83605. SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. RP FAYER, R (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 11 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS PI MEDIA PA 6 NORTH PENNELL ROAD, MEDIA, PA 19063 SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 22 IS 2 BP 228 EP 232 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA FY141 UT WOS:A1991FY14100008 ER PT J AU LEACH, MW NICHOLS, DK HARTSELL, W TORGERSON, RW AF LEACH, MW NICHOLS, DK HARTSELL, W TORGERSON, RW TI RADIATION-THERAPY OF A MALIGNANT CHROMATOPHOROMA IN A YELLOW RAT SNAKE (ELAPHE-OBSOLETA-QUADRIVITTATA) SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE YELLOW RAT SNAKE; ELAPHE-OBSOLETA-QUADRIVITTATA; MALIGNANT CHROMATOPHOROMA; RADIATION THERAPY AB An adult yellow rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta quadrivittata) with a malignant chromatophoroma of the skin was treated by surgical excision. The tumor rapidly recurred and was treated by surgical excision and radiation therapy, consisting of a total of 6,000 cGy delivered in four equivalent fractions by a 6-MV electron beam over a 15-day period. A minor side effect from the radiation treatments was the appearance of dry lackluster scales in the treatment field. Ten months after radiation therapy, the snake died with an apparent abscess at the previous site of the tumor. Necropsy revealed a large mass in the caudal coelomic cavity. C1 CHICAGO ZOOL SOC,BROOKFIELD,IL 60513. SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. RUSH PRESBYTERIAN ST LUKES MED CTR,DEPT THERAPEUT RADIOL,CHICAGO,IL 60612. NR 24 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS PI MEDIA PA 6 NORTH PENNELL ROAD, MEDIA, PA 19063 SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 22 IS 2 BP 241 EP 244 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA FY141 UT WOS:A1991FY14100011 ER PT J AU DAVIS, R MARVIN, UB WOOD, JA AF DAVIS, R MARVIN, UB WOOD, JA TI MEMORIAL FOR FIREMAN,EDWARD,L. SO METEORITICS LA English DT Item About an Individual ID HOMESTAKE C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP DAVIS, R (reprint author), UNIV PENN,DEPT ASTRON,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD JUN PY 1991 VL 26 IS 2 BP 171 EP 171 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA FU416 UT WOS:A1991FU41600013 ER PT J AU LUBAR, S AF LUBAR, S TI THE HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDING SURVEY HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD AMERICA INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE PROJECT - SOME RECENT PUBLICATIONS SO PUBLIC HISTORIAN LA English DT Review RP LUBAR, S (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIF PRESS PI BERKELEY PA JOURNALS DEPT 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 SN 0272-3433 J9 PUBL HISTORIAN JI Public Hist. PD SUM PY 1991 VL 13 IS 3 BP 117 EP 129 PG 13 WC History SC History GA GL324 UT WOS:A1991GL32400010 ER PT J AU STINE, JK AF STINE, JK TI AMERICAN SCIENCE POLICY SINCE WORLD-WAR-II - SMITH,BLR SO SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY & HUMAN VALUES LA English DT Book Review RP STINE, JK (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE SCIENCE PRESS PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 0162-2439 J9 SCI TECHNOL HUM VAL JI Sci. Technol. Hum. Values PD SUM PY 1991 VL 16 IS 3 BP 405 EP 406 DI 10.1177/016224399101600310 PG 2 WC Social Issues SC Social Issues GA FU944 UT WOS:A1991FU94400011 ER PT J AU BOND, AR BASSIN, M BRADSHAW, MJ DEMKO, GJ DIENES, L GOBLE, P HAUSLADEN, G LIEBOWITZ, RD PRYDE, PR SCHWARTZ, L WINSTON, VH AF BOND, AR BASSIN, M BRADSHAW, MJ DEMKO, GJ DIENES, L GOBLE, P HAUSLADEN, G LIEBOWITZ, RD PRYDE, PR SCHWARTZ, L WINSTON, VH TI PANEL ON SIBERIA - ECONOMIC AND TERRITORIAL ISSUES SO SOVIET GEOGRAPHY LA English DT Review ID FAR-EAST; USSR; SETTLEMENT; POPULATION; REPUBLICS; FUTURE; REGION C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV BIRMINGHAM,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TT,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. DARTMOUTH COLL,HANOVER,NH 03755. UNIV KANSAS,LAWRENCE,KS 66045. US DEPT STATE,WASHINGTON,DC 20520. MIDDLEBURY COLL,MIDDLEBURY,VT 05753. UNIV NEVADA,RENO,NV 89557. SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92182. AMERICAN UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20016. GEORGE MASON UNIV,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. SMITHONSIAN INST,WILSON CTR,KENNAN INST ADV RUSSIAN STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20024. US BUR CENSUS,CTR INT RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. RP BOND, AR (reprint author), VH WINSTON & SON INC,7961 EASTERN AVE,SILVER SPRING,MD, USA. NR 127 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU V H WINSTON & SON INC PI PALM BEACH PA 360 SOUTH OCEAN BLVD, PH-B, PALM BEACH, FL 33480 SN 0038-5417 J9 SOV GEOGR PD JUN PY 1991 VL 32 IS 6 BP 363 EP 432 PG 70 WC Geography SC Geography GA GC426 UT WOS:A1991GC42600001 ER PT J AU PRATAP, P MENTEN, KM REID, MJ MORAN, JM WALMSLEY, CM AF PRATAP, P MENTEN, KM REID, MJ MORAN, JM WALMSLEY, CM TI VLBI OBSERVATIONS OF INTERSTELLAR AMMONIA MASERS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE INTERFEROMETRY; INTERSTELLAR, MOLECULES; MASERS; NEBULAE, H-II REGIONS; RADIO SOURCES, LINES; STARS, FORMATION ID PROPER MOTIONS; DISTANCES; EMISSION; REGIONS AB We report the first VLBI measurement of interstellar ammonia (NH3) masers. From our observations we obtained the positions, as well as size and brightness temperature limits, for the masers in the NH3 (9, 6) inversion transition that are associated with the ultracompact H II regions W51 e1 and e2. The masers arise from two positions, each of which is located close to but not coincident with a radio continuum peak. The NH3 masers are closer to the H2O masers than to the OH masers or the ultracompact H II regions. However, at least one of the two NH3 maser spots mapped seems offset from the region of H2O maser activity. The NH3 maser spots are unresolved in angle and smaller than 0.1 milli-arcsec. Unless these masers are highly beamed, they appear to be saturated. C1 MAX PLANCK INST RADIOASTRON,W-5300 BONN 1,GERMANY. RP PRATAP, P (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 20 PY 1991 VL 373 IS 1 BP L13 EP L15 DI 10.1086/186040 PN 2 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FK918 UT WOS:A1991FK91800004 ER PT J AU DUDLEY, R RAND, AS AF DUDLEY, R RAND, AS TI SOUND PRODUCTION AND VOCAL SAC INFLATION IN THE TUNGARA FROG, PHYSALAEMUS-PUSTULOSUS (LEPTODACTYLIDAE) SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID BUFO AB Calling male Physalaemus pustulosus (Leptodactylidae) and a synchronously displayed oscilloscope trace of the call were filmed with a video camera. Simultaneous records of vocal sac inflation and the waveform of the advertisement call were obtained. Abdominal dimensions decrease and vocal sac dimensions increase continuously through a call. The sac deflates much more rapidly than it inflates, and may be recoiling elastically. Vocal sacs increase in volume by an estimated factor of 20-40 during the course of a call. During the initial portion of the call (the whine), the rate of volumetric increase of the expanding vocal sac decreases concurrently with a drop in call frequency and amplitude. Amplitude and frequency modulation of the whine may thus arise from a decreased flow rate past the vocal cords, in addition to previously postulated changes in vocal cord tension. The dynamic characteristics of vocal sacs must be accounted for in future acoustic, behavioral, and physiological interpretations of vocal sac function. RP DUDLEY, R (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,POB 2072,BALBOA,PANAMA. NR 23 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS BUSINESS OFFICE PI CARBONDALE PA SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV, DEPT ZOOLOGY, CARBONDALE, IL 62901-6501 SN 0045-8511 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD MAY 16 PY 1991 IS 2 BP 460 EP 470 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA FM352 UT WOS:A1991FM35200017 ER PT J AU WEITZMAN, SH AF WEITZMAN, SH TI FREIHOFER,WARREN,C. 1922-1989 SO COPEIA LA English DT Item About an Individual RP WEITZMAN, SH (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT VERTEBRATE ZOOL,DIV FISHES,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS BUSINESS OFFICE PI CARBONDALE PA SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV, DEPT ZOOLOGY, CARBONDALE, IL 62901-6501 SN 0045-8511 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD MAY 16 PY 1991 IS 2 BP 553 EP 554 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA FM352 UT WOS:A1991FM35200029 ER PT J AU HODGES, HM PRIMACK, JR AF HODGES, HM PRIMACK, JR TI STRINGS, TEXTURE, AND INFLATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING COSMIC STRINGS; UNIVERSE SCENARIO; DENSITY PERTURBATIONS; QUANTUM FLUCTUATIONS; PHASE-TRANSITION; GALAXY FORMATION; GLOBAL TEXTURE; ENERGY DENSITY; SCALAR FIELD; EVOLUTION AB We examine mechanisms, several of which are proposed here, to generate structure formation, or to just add large-scale features, through either gauged or global cosmic strings or global texture, within the framework of inflation. We first explore the possibility that strings or texture form if there is no coupling between the topological theory and the inflaton or spacetime curvature, via (1) quantum creation, and (2) a sufficiently high reheat temperature. In addition, we examine the prospects for the inflaton field itself to generate strings or texture. Then, models with the string/texture field coupled to the curvature, and an equivalent model with coupling to the inflaton field, are considered in detail. The requirement that inflationary density fluctuations are not so large as to conflict with observations leads to a number of constraints on model parameters. We find that strings of relevance for structure formation can form in the absence of coupling to the inflaton or curvature through the process of quantum creation, but only if the strings are strongly type I, or if they are global strings. If formed after reheating, naturalness suggests that gauged cosmic strings correspond to a type-I superconductor. Similarly, gauged strings formed during inflation via conformal coupling xi = 1/6 to the spacetime curvature (in a model suggested by Yokoyama in order to evade the millisecond pulsar constraint on cosmic strings) are expected to be strongly type I. Type-II strings are possible if xi-is large or if the strength of direct coupling between the string field and inflaton is chosen appropriately. We improve upon the understanding of the formation process of strings and texture during inflation, and find that the alternative fractal string scenario put forth by Vishniac et al. is further restricted in parameter space, but the model still turns out to be much more plausible than the authors had realized. The fractal model, as originally proposed, may in fact lead to ordinary scaling scenarios of structure formation. However, new structure formation scenarios still appear to be quite possible, especially for global strings. Gauged strings leading to nonstandard scenarios must be type I, and the quartic coupling for global texture should satisfy lambda less-than-or-similar-to 4 X 10(-4) if a new scenario of texture formation is to be possible. We find that the formation of strings and/or texture differs from the standard picture if xi less-than-or-similar-to 1/12, and that the string and/or texture-curvature interaction is not sufficient to place the characteristic formation scale of texture or strings within the horizon if xi less-than-or-similar-to 0.002. We estimate the likelihood P, in terms of model parameters, that structure in a universe of our size may be described by a nonstandard string or texture scenario. We find that P can be of order unity. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,SANTA CRUZ INST PARTICLE PHYS,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP HODGES, HM (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. OI Primack, Joel/0000-0001-5091-5098 NR 71 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAY 15 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 10 BP 3155 EP 3172 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.43.3155 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA FM345 UT WOS:A1991FM34500009 ER PT J AU GOLDWIRTH, DS AF GOLDWIRTH, DS TI INHOMOGENEOUS INITIAL CONDITIONS FOR INFLATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HOMOGENEOUS COSMOLOGICAL MODELS; MASSIVE SCALAR FIELD; CHAOTIC INFLATION; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; UNIVERSE MODELS; PERTURBATIONS; CONSTANT; INSTABILITY; ANISOTROPY; FLATNESS AB We address the question whether the inflationary paradigm frees cosmology from the worry about initial conditions. That is, we study the influence of initial inhomogeneities on the inflationary epoch. We derive a simple set of approximate equations and use it to illustrate some features of deviations from homogeneity. However, the approximation methods are limited and in order to explore the full effect of initial inhomogeneities we turn to numerical calculations. The picture that emerges from these calculations is that inhomogeneities can prohibit "new" inflation from taking place. The crucial feature necessary for "chaotic" inflation is a sufficient high average field over a region of several horizon sizes. RP GOLDWIRTH, DS (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 63 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAY 15 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 10 BP 3204 EP 3213 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.43.3204 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA FM345 UT WOS:A1991FM34500013 ER PT J AU FALCO, EE GORENSTEIN, MV SHAPIRO, II AF FALCO, EE GORENSTEIN, MV SHAPIRO, II TI NEW MODEL FOR THE 0957+561 GRAVITATIONAL LENS SYSTEM - BOUNDS ON MASSES OF A POSSIBLE BLACK-HOLE AND DARK MATTER AND PROSPECTS FOR ESTIMATION OF H0 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BLACK HOLES; COSMOLOGY; DARK MATTER; GRAVITATIONAL LENSES ID TWIN QSO 0957+561; SURFACE PHOTOMETRY; QUASAR 0957+561; CLUSTER MEMBERS; GALAXIES; IMAGES; GALAXY-M87; PARAMETER; Q0957+561; DYNAMICS AB We present a simple model that accounts for the known properties of the gravitational lens system 0957 + 561, but assumes little about the galaxies that constitute the lens. The brightest galaxy, G1, is represented as a circularly symmetric, smooth, King-type surface density profile, with core radius theta-c, velocity dispersion sigma-upsilon, accompanied by a compact nucleus with mass M(c). The compact nucleus is indispensable in our model, because surface density profiles in common use are not sufficiently centrally condensed to account for the image observables, in particular their relative magnification. Other galaxies that contribute to the light deflection are assumed to be embedded in smoothly distributed "dark matter" with surface mass density sigma-s. The light deflection attributable to these galaxies and to dark matter is represented with a series approximation that excludes all terms higher than linear in the distance to the center of G1. This series has two parameters: an astigmatism Q(A) and a corresponding position angle gamma. Our estimate of theta-c is 2."8 +/- 0."1, significantly larger than that found by Stockton for the light emitted by G1, and perhaps indicating the presence of "dark matter" in G1. Based on our model and on the work of Malumuth and Kirshner, we infer relatively weak limits for sigma-upsilon: 200 km s-1 less-than-or-similar-to sigma-upsilon less-than-or-equal-to 390 km s-1. For H0 = 100h km s-1 Mpc-1, these limits imply corresponding ones on M(c), Q(A), and sigma-s: 3 less-than-or-similar-to M(c)/(10(10)h-1 M.) less-than-or-equal-to 11; 0.4 less-than-or-similar-to Q(A)/(10(10)h-1 M. arcsec-2) less-than-or-equal-to 1.2; and 0 less-than-or-equal-to sigma-s/(10(10)h-1 M. arcsec-2) less-than-or-similar-to 3. Our estimate for the position angle that corresponds to Q(A) is gamma = 63-degrees +/- 1-degrees. From our results for G1 and the other galaxies, we infer H0 = (90 +/- 10)(sigma-upsilon/390 km s-1)2(DELTA-tau-BA/1 yr)-1 km s-1 Mpc-1, where DELTA-tau-BA is the difference in light propagation times from the source to the observer, via the images A and B. The main contribution to the uncertainty in the coefficient of this expression for H0 is due to the weakness of the constraint the image observables place on the mass distributions of G1 and of the other galaxies and dark matter. A measurement of sigma-nu would yield "point" estimates for M(c), Q(A), and sigma-s, and would, for example, determine the amount of "dark matter" in the deflector, all within the context of our simple model. If standard errors in future measurements of sigma-nu and DELTA-tau-BA were each 10% or less, H0 could be determined from our expression with a standard error of under 25%. RP FALCO, EE (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 55 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 1991 VL 372 IS 2 BP 364 EP 379 DI 10.1086/169984 PN 1 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FK241 UT WOS:A1991FK24100002 ER PT J AU LEIBUNDGUT, B KIRSHNER, RP PINTO, PA RUPEN, MP SMITH, RC GUNN, JE SCHNEIDER, DP AF LEIBUNDGUT, B KIRSHNER, RP PINTO, PA RUPEN, MP SMITH, RC GUNN, JE SCHNEIDER, DP TI SPECTRA OF 2 VERY OLD SUPERNOVAE - SN-1986J AND SN-1980K SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE NEBULAE, GENERAL; NEBULAE, SUPERNOVA REMNANTS; STARS, SUPERNOVAE ID IB SUPERNOVAE; PHOTOMETRIC-OBSERVATIONS; II SUPERNOVA-1980K; VLBI OBSERVATIONS; STANDARD STARS; NOVA REMNANT; LIGHT CURVES; SN 1987A; X-RAY; EMISSION AB We present spectra of two aging supernovae, SN 1986J in NGC 891 and SN 1980K in NGC 6946. SN 1986J was observed in 1986 and 1989, approximately 4 and approximately 7 yr after the explosion, as inferred from radio observations; SN 1980K was observed 1989, 9 years after maximum light. SN 1986J shows two components of emission: narrow lines (DELTA-upsilon < 600 km s-1) of H, He, N, and Fe, and broad lines (DELTA-upsilon > 1000 km s-1) of [O I], [O II], and [O III]. The flux in the narrow H-alpha has declined by a factor of 10 from 1984 to 1989, while the flux in the broad oxygen lines has not decreased from 1986 to 1989. We attribute these two components to two different emission sites-a circumstellar shell for the narrow lines (already suggested by the very powerful radio emission from SN 1986J) and the actual stellar interior (without hydrogen) for the broad lines. We have developed diagnostics for the oxygen line ratios to estimate the density in the debris as 6 x 10(8) < n(OI) < 2 x 10(9) at a temperature of 3000 < T < 4000 K. We find that the oxygen debris is highly clumped, filling only 0.001-0.003 of the volume and that the mass of warm neutral oxygen is 0.1 < M(OI) < 0.3 M(.). Overall, the properties of SN 1986J are consistent with the explosion of a massive star with an extensive mass loss. SN 1980K, which was observed at maximum to be SN II, continues to emit in very broad lines (DELTA-upsilon > 2500 km s-1) of [O I], [O III], [Fe II], and H-alpha. Comparison with earlier observations suggests that SN 1980K halted its exponential decline in flux in the early 1980s and is now emitting at a constant rate of about 6 x 10(37) ergs s-1 in the observed lines. For both SN 1986J and SN 1980K, the underlying energy source sustaining the emission remains uncertain, but continued measurements of the ionization, temperature, and flux may help to distinguish among shocks, radioactivity, pulsar power, or accretion onto a neutron star. C1 PRINCETON UNIV OBSERV,DEPT ASTROPHYS SCI,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. INST ADV STUDY,SCH NATL SCI,PRINCETON,NJ 08540. RP LEIBUNDGUT, B (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 85 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 1991 VL 372 IS 2 BP 531 EP 544 DI 10.1086/169998 PN 1 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FK241 UT WOS:A1991FK24100016 ER PT J AU MYERS, PC LADD, EF FULLER, GA AF MYERS, PC LADD, EF FULLER, GA TI THERMAL AND NONTHERMAL MOTIONS IN DENSE CORES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE INTERSTELLAR, MAGNETIC FIELDS; INTERSTELLAR, MATTER; STARS, FORMATION ID MOLECULAR CLOUDS; STAR FORMATION; DARK CLOUDS; AMMONIA OBSERVATIONS; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; TURBULENCE; C3H2 AB Kinetic temperature and NH3 line width data for 61 dense cores with embedded IRAS sources show that the nonthermal component of the core motions increases with source luminosity more rapidly than does the thermal component. The trends cross in the luminosity range 7-22 L., which divides the regimes of thermal and nonthermal motions. Maps of line widths in dense cores and their surrounding clouds indicate that nonthermal line broadening is due not only to stellar winds, but also to gas properties independent of the star. The "initial conditions" for motions in cores forming lower-mass stars are primarily thermal, while those in cores forming higher mass stars are probably primarily nonthermal. These differences in core properties may arise from differences in the relative proportion of magnetic and gravitational energy in the condensing core. RP MYERS, PC (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,MAIL STOPS 76 10 & 42,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 30 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 1991 VL 372 IS 2 BP L95 EP L98 DI 10.1086/186032 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FK238 UT WOS:A1991FK23800012 ER PT J AU MATHEWS, PM BUFFETT, BA HERRING, TA SHAPIRO, II AF MATHEWS, PM BUFFETT, BA HERRING, TA SHAPIRO, II TI FORCED NUTATIONS OF THE EARTH - INFLUENCE OF INNER CORE DYNAMICS .1. THEORY SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH AND PLANETS LA English DT Article ID NUMERICAL DETERMINATION; RADIO INTERFEROMETRY; ROTATING EARTH; RIGID-EARTH; CONSTANTS; GEODESY; WOBBLE AB Gravitational and pressure couplings between the solid inner core and the rest of the Earth give rise to torques through which the inner core influences the nutational motions of the Earth. In view of the very small magnitude of the moment of inertia of the inner core relative to that of the the Earth as a whole, one expects from physical considerations that inclusion of the inner core in the dynamics should lead to a new nutational normal mode with a natural frequency not too far from that of the free core nutation, and to an associated weak resonance in the amplitude of forced mutations. We present here a treatment of the nutation problem for an oceanless, elastic, spheroidally stratified Earth, with the dynamical role of the inner core explicity included in the formulation. As a preliminary to the setting-up of dynamical equations, we devote some attention to a careful definition of a suitable coordinate system and of certain basic dynamical variables. We use the approach of Sasao et al. (1980), with their system of dynamical equations enlarged by the inclusion of two additional equations which are needed to describe the rotational motion of the inner core. An extension and sharpening of a line of reasoning employed by them enables us to derive expressions for the torques which couple the mantle and the fluid outer core to the solid inner core. Solving the enlarged system of equations, we show that a new nearly diurnal eigenfrequency does emerge; a rough estimate places it not very far from the prograde annual tidal excitation frequency, so that possible resonance effects on nutation amplitudes need careful consideration. Another eigenfrequency, attributable to a wobble of the inner core, is also found; its value is estimated to be a few times smaller than the wobble frequency that the inner core would have in the absence of couplings to the rest of the Earth. Considering an expansion, in terms of resonance contributions, of the amplitude of forced nutations normalized relative to that for a corresponding rigid Earth model, we indicate how the coefficients in the expansion are related to those in expansions of the type used by Wahr (1981b). Finally, we discuss the problem of comparing observed nutation amplitudes with those computed on the basis of Earth models generated from seismological data, with special reference to the fact that the dynamical ellipticity of the Earth, as computed from published Earth models which assume the condition of hydrostatic equilibrium, differs significantly from that determined from the precession constant. Numerical results, corrections for unmodeled effects, and comparison with observational results will be dealt with in accompanying papers. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP MATHEWS, PM (reprint author), UNIV MADRAS,DEPT THEORET PHYS,MADRAS 600025,TAMIL NADU,INDIA. NR 47 TC 125 Z9 134 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOLID PD MAY 10 PY 1991 VL 96 IS B5 BP 8219 EP 8242 DI 10.1029/90JB01955 PG 24 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA FL388 UT WOS:A1991FL38800017 ER PT J AU MATHEWS, PM BUFFETT, BA HERRING, TA SHAPIRO, II AF MATHEWS, PM BUFFETT, BA HERRING, TA SHAPIRO, II TI FORCED NUTATIONS OF THE EARTH - INFLUENCE OF INNER CORE DYNAMICS .2. NUMERICAL RESULTS AND COMPARISONS SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH AND PLANETS LA English DT Article ID RADIO INTERFEROMETRY; MANTLE ANELASTICITY; TIDAL VARIATIONS; ROTATION RATE; RIGID-EARTH; WOBBLE; CONSTANTS; GEODESY; TIDES AB We apply the theory developed in Paper 1 (Mathews et al., this issue), which includes the solid inner core explicity in the dynamical equations, to obtain the eigenfrequencies and other characteristics of the Earth's nutational normal models as well as the amplitudes of forced nutations at various tidal frequencies, for two commonly used Earth models, 1066A and the Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM). We also make an evaluation of various procedures for taking account of known deviations of the Earth from models, notably in the dynamical ellipticity e, for which the two models yield values which are over 1% smaller than the value e* deduced from the precession constant. On adopting the procedure of simply replacing e by e* in the equations of our theory, the values obtained for some of the nutation amplitudes for model 1066A differ significantly from the corresponding results of Wahr (1981b). The largest of the differences, which occur in the prograde semiannual, retrograde 18.6 year, and retrograde annual nutation terms, amount to -0.59, 0.35, and -0.25 milliarcseconds (mas), respectively, while the standard errors in the very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) determinations are now only about 0.04 mas except in the long period terms. The difference in the procedures used to take account of the discrepancy between e and e* contributes -0.56, 0.81, and -0.17 mas, respectively, to the above-noted differences. For the purpose of comparison with VLBI-observed data, we use the results for a "modified PREM," defined by a set of Earth model parameters which differ from those of PREM only in having e* for the dynamical ellipticity of the Earth as a whole and a modified value for the dynamical ellipticity e(f) of the fluid outer core. The amplitudes computed for this model, with corrections applied for the effects of ocean tides and mantle anelasticity, are in generally satisfactory agreement with observed values, when the modified e(f) is determined by matching the theoretical and observed values for the retrograde annual term. (The modified e(f) is 0.002665, about 4.6% higher than in PREM, equivalent to an increase, relative to PREM, of about 430 meters in the difference between the equatorial and the polar radii of the core-mantle boundary. We find that contributions from inner-core dynamics to the prograde semiannual and annual, and the retrograde 18.6 year and annual terms, recomputed for modified PREM, amount to -0.09, 0.03, -0.36, and -0.09 mas, respectively.) The largest residual remaining, other than in the long-period terms which still have an uncertainty of about 1 mas, is -0.25 mas in the prograde fortnightly amplitude. Consideration of possible sources of the discrepancies is facilitated by a resonance expansion of the amplitude of forced nutations, as a function of frequency, normalized relative to that for a rigid Earth model. We also provide tables which exhibit the sensitivities of various relevant quantities (the eigenfrequencies and the coefficients which appear in the resonance expansion, as well as the nutation amplitudes at important tidal frequencies) to possible errors in the Earth parameters which enter our theory. Reconciliation of theoretical and experimental values for the prograde fortnightly term, for instance, could be accomplished, without affecting significantly the comparison for other nutation terms, by a decrease of about 10% in the value of the compliance parameter kappa that represents, in effect, the deformability of the Earth as a whole in response to perturbations of its rotation; but this change in kappa would have to be produced by some mechanism which does not affect the values of the other compliances. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP MATHEWS, PM (reprint author), UNIV MADRAS,DEPT THEORET PHYS,MADRAS 600005,TAMIL NADU,INDIA. NR 35 TC 122 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOLID PD MAY 10 PY 1991 VL 96 IS B5 BP 8243 EP 8257 DI 10.1029/90JB01956 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA FL388 UT WOS:A1991FL38800018 ER PT J AU HERRING, TA BUFFETT, BA MATHEWS, PM SHAPIRO, II AF HERRING, TA BUFFETT, BA MATHEWS, PM SHAPIRO, II TI FORCED NUTATIONS OF THE EARTH - INFLUENCE OF INNER CORE DYNAMICS .3. VERY LONG INTERFEROMETRY DATA-ANALYSIS SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH AND PLANETS LA English DT Article ID RADIO INTERFEROMETRY; NUMERICAL DETERMINATION; TIDAL VARIATIONS; OCEANLESS EARTH; RIGID-EARTH; ROTATION; GEODESY; TIDES; CONSTANTS; MOTION AB We discuss the analysis of 798 very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) experiments carried out between July 1980 and February 1989, and the determination from this analysis of corrections to selected coefficients in the International Astronomical Union (IAU) 1980 theory of the nutations of the Earth. Our analysis confirms earlier VLBI results and indicates that most of these corrections can be explained by carefully accounting for (1) corrections to the IAU 1980 rigid-Earth nutation series, (2) the presence of the Earth's inner core, (3) the difference between the dynamic flattening of the Earth inferred from the precession constant and that inferred from seismic models of the intemal density structure of the Earth, and (4) the effects of mantle anelasticity and ocean tides. The standard deviations of the corrections to the coefficients are 0.04 milliarcseconds (mas) for terms with periods under 430 days, and 1.0 mas for the terms with a period of 18.6 years. The unresolved issues raised by our analysis are the origins of corrections to the out-of-phase retrograde annual (0.39 mas) and the in-phase prograde 13.66 day (-0.25 mas) nutations. Our analysis also yields a correction to the IAU 1976 value for the Iuni-solar precession constant of -0.32 +/- 0.13 arc sec/century (cy). C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP HERRING, TA (reprint author), MIT,ROOM 54-618,77 MASSACHUSETTS AVE,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. NR 48 TC 83 Z9 86 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOLID PD MAY 10 PY 1991 VL 96 IS B5 BP 8259 EP 8273 DI 10.1029/90JB02177 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA FL388 UT WOS:A1991FL38800019 ER PT J AU BIRETTA, JA STERN, CP HARRIS, DE AF BIRETTA, JA STERN, CP HARRIS, DE TI THE RADIO TO X-RAY-SPECTRUM OF THE M87 JET AND NUCLEUS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEM; HIGH-RESOLUTION; 2 CENTIMETERS; HOT SPOTS; ACCELERATION; M87-JET; MOTION; SHOCKS; HALO AB We present a reanalysis of the Einstein Observatory high-resolution imager data, along with new radio and optical observations. These data are used to examine the morphology of the M87 jet, and together with infrared and UV data from the literature, are used to construct radio to x-ray spectra for the jet and nucleus. Two new features are isolated in the x-ray images, which we associate with the radio/optical knots B and D. The detailed morphology of the jet is nearly identical from the radio to x-ray bands. All the knots have a similar radio spectral index (S(v) proportional-to-nu-alpha) alpha-rr approximately 0.5. At higher frequencies the spectra steepen to optical/x-ray indices alpha-ox approximately 1.1 near the nucleus, and alpha-ox greater-than-or-similar-to 1.5 for the outer knots. Most of the steepening occurs in a sudden break between infrared and optical frequencies. The optical, UV, and x-ray data are consistent with a single power law connecting these frequencies; there is no evidence for the x-ray emission constituting a separate spectral component. Comparison of radio and optical images shows no evidence for spectral steepening in the interknot regions. We favor the synchrotron mechanism as the origin of the jet x-ray emission. Although it requires very high energy electrons with short lifetimes, it provides a natural explanation for alpha-oo approximately alpha-ox seen in several knots. Thermal models are untenable because they require high pressures and densities in the confining medium. Inverse Compton models require ad hoc distributions of low-energy electrons and/or infrared photons. The observed radio spectra are consistent with those expected for Fermi acceleration at strong nonrelativistic shocks. The shape of the high-frequency spectrum, however, is more difficult to explain; standard models which invoke synchrotron losses are unable to produce the observed values of alpha-oo and alpha-ox. Our optical data for the nucleus are consistent with the presence of an unresolved, blue continuum source. The resulting spectrum for the nucleus is similar to that of the jet, except at high radio frequencies. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP BIRETTA, JA (reprint author), NATL RADIO ASTRON OBSERV,POB 0,SOCORRO,NM 87801, USA. NR 51 TC 177 Z9 177 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 101 IS 5 BP 1632 EP 1646 DI 10.1086/115793 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FH746 UT WOS:A1991FH74600006 ER PT J AU RYBICKI, GB HUMMER, DG AF RYBICKI, GB HUMMER, DG TI AN ACCELERATED LAMBDA ITERATION METHOD FOR MULTILEVEL RADIATIVE-TRANSFER .1. NONOVERLAPPING LINES WITH BACKGROUND CONTINUUM SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE RADIATIVE TRANSFER; NON-LTE; STELLAR ATMOSPHERES ID NEWTON-RAPHSON OPERATOR; EXPANDING ATMOSPHERES; COMOVING FRAME AB A method is presented for solving multilevel transfer problems with non-overlapping lines and with background continuum (but no active continuum transfer). This method is based on the use of an approximate lambda operator, which is either the diagonal or a finite band of the "true" numerical lambda operator. Linear, "preconditioned" equations of statistical equilibrium are derived, the coefficients of which are found efficiently using a new fast method for finding the diagonal elements (or a band) of the "true" numerical lambda operator. The preconditioned equations are used iteratively with the formal solution of the transfer equation, so that the entire iteration scheme involves solving only linear equations based on one previous iteration. Applications of the method are made to several multilevel problems, including a model problem of Avrett & Loeser (1987) and an eleven-level neutral helium atom. Convergence properties of the method are systematically investigated for these problems, using diagonal and tridiagonal approximate lambda operators, with and without the acceleration technique of Ng (1974), and the method has proved to be fast and reliable for line transfer problems of this type. An appendix gives an improved version of the Feautrier scheme that has much better numerical conditioning for small optical depths. C1 UNIV COLORADO, NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS, BOULDER, CO 80302 USA. RP RYBICKI, GB (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, 60 GARDEN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. NR 34 TC 334 Z9 334 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 245 IS 1 BP 171 EP 181 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FM350 UT WOS:A1991FM35000022 ER PT J AU WOOD, DOS CHURCHWELL, E AF WOOD, DOS CHURCHWELL, E TI THE DYNAMICS AND PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES OF THE COMETARY NEBULA G29.96-0.02 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE NEBULAE, INDIVIDUAL (G29.96-0.02); NEBULAE, INTERNAL MOTIONS; RADIO SOURCES, LINES ID H-II REGIONS; COMPACT INFRARED SOURCES AB We have observed the H76-alpha recombination line toward the cometary ultracompact (UC) H II region G29.96-0.02 using the VLA. Our images have a resolution of 0.62" x 0.49" and an rms sensitivity of 1.87 mJy beam-1. They show a clear velocity gradient in the ionized gas which runs from approximately 80 km s-1 on the leading edge of the cometary structure to approximately 105 km s-1 in the "tail." The velocity gradient is steeper in front of cometary arc than behind it, and the line is approximately 40 km s-1 wide in the "head" while only approximately 25 km s-1 wide in the tail. Bulk motions of the ionized gas appear to have broadened the lines and produced steep velocity gradients. A comparison of our radio data with IR emission lines indicates that the visual extinction to G29.96-0.02 must be between 26 and 15 magnitudes, so the exciting star is clearly embedded in a molecular cloud. These observations are consistent with the bow-shock hypothesis for UC H II regions but inconsistent with current champagne flow models. We have evaluated the physical parameters of the ionized gas at five representative positions in the nebula and calculated non-LTE models of the line excitation. At present only the H76-alpha transition is available at high spatial resolution, making it impossible to obtain a unique solution. Non-LTE line models combined with the continuum image imply that electron densities in the arc are 5 to 10 times greater than in the tail of the nebula. The densities in the arc are typically about 8.5 x 10(4) cm-3, too low to cause significant electron impact broadening of the H76-alpha line. LTE electron temperatures are systematically low throughout the nebula, ranging from about 2500 K to 4200 K at different points in the H II region. Non-LTE models combined with additional constraints from the continuum image indicate that the electron temperature is about 5000 K throughout the nebula. This temperature is consistent with the galactocentric radius (4.2 kpc) of G29.96-0.02 and the galactic abundance gradient derived by Shaver et al. It is also consistent with the direct abundance measurements of Herter et al., Lacy, Beck, & Geballe; and Simpson & Rubin, who find that G29.96-0.02 is overabundant in O, Ne, Ar, and S. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT ASTRON,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 25 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 1991 VL 372 IS 1 BP 199 EP 207 DI 10.1086/169965 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FH367 UT WOS:A1991FH36700018 ER PT J AU ELSON, RAW AF ELSON, RAW TI THE STRUCTURE AND EVOLUTION OF RICH STAR-CLUSTERS IN THE LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE CLUSTERS, OPEN; GALAXIES, MAGELLANIC CLOUDS; PHOTOMETRY; STARS, STELLAR STATISTICS ID GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; COLLAPSED CORES; ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES; MAIN-SEQUENCE; AGE; MASS AB Surface brightness profiles and color-magnitude diagrams are presented for 18 rich star clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), with ages approximately 10(7)-10(9) yr. The profiles of the older clusters are well represented by models with a King-like core. The profiles of many of the younger clusters show departures from such models in the form of bumps, sharp "shoulders," and central dips. These features persist in profiles derived from images from which the bright stars have been subtracted; they therefore appear to reflect real substructure within the clusters. There is an upper limit to the radii of the cluster cores, and this upper limit increases with age from almost-equal-to 1 pc for the youngest clusters, to almost-equal-to 6 pc for the oldest ones. This trend probably reflects expansion of the cores driven by mass loss from evolving stars. Recent models of cluster evolution predict that the cores should expand at a rate that depends on the slope of the initial mass function (IMF). In the context of these models, the data favor an IMF for most of the clusters with a slope slightly flatter than the Salpeter value (for the range of stellar masses 0.4-14M.), but with significant cluster-to-cluster variations. If the clusters have undergone violent relaxation, then the small cores of the youngest ones may imply formation form relatively "cool" initial conditons, while the sharp shoulders favor "warmer" conditions. An alternative interpretation of the shoulders is that they are signatures of merging subcondensations. It seems likely that the high ellipticity observed in many of the young LMC clusters is due, at least in part, to the presence of these subcondensations. Such substructure will be erased as the clusters evolve, and this might account for the general rounder appearance of the older clusters. Finally, since the younger clusters are not relaxed through two-body encounters, their current structure should provide a good guide for selecting initial conditions for theoretical models of globular cluster evolution. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP ELSON, RAW (reprint author), RADCLIFFE COLL,INST BUNTING,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 46 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 76 IS 1 BP 185 EP 214 DI 10.1086/191568 PG 30 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FH135 UT WOS:A1991FH13500006 ER PT J AU DUNCAN, DK VAUGHAN, AH WILSON, OC PRESTON, GW FRAZER, J LANNING, H MISCH, A MUELLER, J SOYUMER, D WOODARD, L BALIUNAS, SL NOYES, RW HARTMANN, LW PORTER, A ZWAAN, C MIDDELKOOP, F RUTTEN, RGM AF DUNCAN, DK VAUGHAN, AH WILSON, OC PRESTON, GW FRAZER, J LANNING, H MISCH, A MUELLER, J SOYUMER, D WOODARD, L BALIUNAS, SL NOYES, RW HARTMANN, LW PORTER, A ZWAAN, C MIDDELKOOP, F RUTTEN, RGM TI CA-II H AND K MEASUREMENTS MADE AT MOUNT-WILSON-OBSERVATORY, 1966-1983 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE CA-II EMISSION; INSTRUMENTS; STARS, CHROMOSPHERES ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; COOL STARS; CHROMOSPHERIC EMISSION; MAGNETIC-STRUCTURE; ROTATION; LINE; FLUX AB Summaries are presented of the photoelectric measurements of stellar Ca II H and K line intensity made at Mount Wilson Observatory during the years 1966-1983. These results are derived from 65,263 individual observations of 1296 stars. For each star, for each observing season, the maximum, minimum, mean, and variation of the instrumental H and K index "S" are given, as well as a measurement of the accuracy of observation. A total of 3110 seasonal summaries are reported. Factors which effect the ability to detect stellar activity variations and accurately measure their amplitudes such as the accuracy of the H and K measurements and scattered light contamination are discussed. Relations are given which facilitate intercomparison of "S" values with residual intensities derived from ordinary spectrophotometry, and for converting measurements to absolute fluxes. C1 CARNEGIE INST WASHINGTON,THE OBSERV,PASADENA,CA 91101. STATE UNIV UTRECHT,SONNENBORGH OBSERV,3527 HS UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT ASTRON,URBANA,IL 61801. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NR 28 TC 199 Z9 199 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 76 IS 1 BP 383 EP 430 DI 10.1086/191572 PG 48 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FH135 UT WOS:A1991FH13500010 ER PT J AU MCDONALD, MV GREENBERG, R AF MCDONALD, MV GREENBERG, R TI NEST DEPARTURE CALLS IN FEMALE SONGBIRDS SO CONDOR LA English DT Article DE NEST DEPARTURE CALLS; FEMALE VOCALIZATION; NEST BEHAVIOR; MATE HARASSMENT; SONGBIRDS ID RED-WINGED BLACKBIRDS; COMMON GRACKLES; AGELAIUS-PHOENICEUS; AFFILIATION; BEHAVIOR; SEXES AB Females of at least 15 species of North American passerines give distinctive nest departure calls. These calls consist of a series of notes uttered while flying away from the nest. Less often, the call is given while flying to the nest. It is heard during nest-building, incubation, brooding, and nestling care. The behavior is found in emberizid finches and icterines in North America, and possibly muscicapids (Sylviinae) in Europe. It occurs almost exclusively in birds nesting in marshes or grasslands. Birds giving this call could incur a great cost if predators locate nests using these calls. Proposed benefits of calling include reduction of harassment by males, discouragement of settlement by females, promotion of anti-predatory vigilance by mates, advertisement of receptivity for copulation, and distraction of potential predators away from the nest. The reduction of harassment and increased vigilance hypotheses have the strongest support. The behavior is more common in species in which visibility of birds close to the ground is poor and in which the intra-sexual competition among males is intense which thus increases the risk that an already mated female will be mistaken for an intruding male. C1 NATL ZOOL PK,CTR CONSERVAT & RES,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630. NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT ZOOL RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. NR 27 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 7 PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 SN 0010-5422 J9 CONDOR JI Condor PD MAY PY 1991 VL 93 IS 2 BP 365 EP 373 DI 10.2307/1368952 PG 9 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA FN966 UT WOS:A1991FN96600015 ER PT J AU DEVINE, TE ONEILL, JJ KIANG, YT BULT, CJ AF DEVINE, TE ONEILL, JJ KIANG, YT BULT, CJ TI GENETIC-LINKAGE OF THE RJ2 GENE IN SOYBEAN SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE GMU; GENETIC MAPPING UNIT(S); UV; ULTRAVIOLET ID RHIZOBIUM-JAPONICUM STRAINS; DEHYDROGENASE ISOZYMES; INHERITANCE; GENOTYPES; NODULATION AB Several genes controlling nodulation response in soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., have been found and their use in restricting nodulation with less desirable strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum has been postulated. However, little is known of their linkage relationships with other genes. This report details genetic linkage tests of the Rj2 locus with 20 other loci: T, P1, L1, Y13, Adh1, W1, F, Rj1, Idh1, Fr1, Y9, Aco2, Dial, Fr2, Got, Mpi, Pgd1, Pgm1, Y10, and Y17. Only one of the genes tested showed evidence of genetic linkage with Rj2. The estimated distance of Aco2 from Rj2 was 44.7 +/- 2.1 genetic map units. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,MOLEC SYSTEMAT LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE,DEPT PLANT BIOL,DURHAM,NH 03824. RP DEVINE, TE (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INST PLANT SCI,PLANT MOLEC BIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 1991 VL 31 IS 3 BP 665 EP 668 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA FZ644 UT WOS:A1991FZ64400023 ER PT J AU STOEWSAND, GS ANDERSON, JL MUNSON, L AF STOEWSAND, GS ANDERSON, JL MUNSON, L TI INHIBITION BY WINE OF TUMORIGENESIS INDUCED BY ETHYL CARBAMATE (URETHANE) IN MICE SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FERMENTED FOODS; ETHANOL; RATS; BEVERAGES; ACID; CARCINOGENESIS; LOCALIZATION; METABOLISM AB Groups of 18-21 male weanling C3H mice were given, as drinking fluid, tap-water, 12% ethanol solution, one of two commercial white wines, or red wine, ad lib. for 41 wk. Ethyl carbamate was added to each of the drinking liquids at levels adjusted to provide average daily ethyl carbamate intakes of 0, 10 or 20 mg/kg body weight. After 41 wk the cumulative survival of the mice given 20 mg ethyl carbamate/kg in water was depressed compared with the mice drinking wines or ethanol solution with this ethyl carbamate level. Both ethanol and wine treatments reduced the incidence of lung Clara-cell adenomas in mice given 10 mg ethyl carbamate/kg and reduced the frequency (number of specific tumours/number of tumour-bearing mice) of both Clara-cell adenomas in mice given 10 mg ethyl carbamate/kg and of alveolar adenomas in mice given 20 mg ethyl carbamate/kg. Wine treatments also reduced the frequency of hepatocellular adenomas compared with those of other treatment groups, and no hepatocellular carcinomas developed in any of the groups given wine, even with the 20-mg/kg ethyl carbamate dose. The incidence of hepatocellular adenomas in the groups given 10 mg ethyl carbamate/kg was, as shown by chi-square analysis, significantly reduced by the ethanol and wine treatments. The mean weight gains of mice on all the wine treatments were lower than those of water-treated mice and this may have been a factor in tumour inhibition; however, it is also possible that wine components other than ethanol may play a role in the inhibition of tumour development. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. RP STOEWSAND, GS (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,DEPT FOOD SCI & TECHNOL,GENEVA,NY 14456, USA. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 29 IS 5 BP 291 EP 295 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(91)90199-H PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA FW362 UT WOS:A1991FW36200001 PM 2060887 ER PT J AU DOLAN, JR COATS, DW AF DOLAN, JR COATS, DW TI A STUDY OF FEEDING IN PREDACIOUS CILIATES USING PREY CILIATES LABELED WITH FLUORESCENT MICROSPHERES SO JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DIDINIUM-NASUTUM; FOOD; PREDATOR; ZOOPLANKTON; PARAMECIUM; CILIOPHORA; MEMBRANE; PROTOZOA; GROWTH; RATES AB Feeding in predacious estuarine ciliates was investigated in a series of laboratory experiments using a new method of prey labeling which facilitates microscopic indentification of ingested prey items. Ingestion rates of Mesodinium pulex, Euplotes vannus and E. woodruffi were estimated using the appearance, inside the predator, of bacteriovorous ciliates (Metanophrys sp., Cyclidium sp. and Pleuronema sp.) labeled with fluorescent microspheres. Prey remain motile and have presumably unaltered surface characteristics. Ingestion rates of log-growth phase predators increased with prey density. Mesodinium pulex ingested 0.15-0.32 cells h-1 over a prey concentration of 60-2300 ml-1. Maximum ingestion rates of E. woodruffi and E. vannus were 4.5 and 3.4 cells h-1 respectively, estimated at prey abundances of 75 and 172 cells ml-1 respectively. Comparisons of feeding rates on prey of different sizes, and the effects of starvation, indicated that ingestion is likely limited by different factors in 'raptorial' (M. pulex) and 'filter feeding' (Euplotes spp.) predators. RP DOLAN, JR (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,POB 28,EDGEWATER,MD 21037, USA. RI Dolan, John/A-4513-2009 OI Dolan, John/0000-0002-9454-1355 NR 56 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0142-7873 J9 J PLANKTON RES JI J. Plankton Res. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 13 IS 3 BP 609 EP 627 DI 10.1093/plankt/13.3.609 PG 19 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA FH422 UT WOS:A1991FH42200011 ER PT J AU BROWN, JL WILDT, DE RAATH, JR DEVOS, V HOWARD, JG JANSSEN, DL CITINO, SB BUSH, M AF BROWN, JL WILDT, DE RAATH, JR DEVOS, V HOWARD, JG JANSSEN, DL CITINO, SB BUSH, M TI IMPACT OF SEASON ON SEMINAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ENDOCRINE STATUS OF ADULT FREE-RANGING AFRICAN BUFFALO (SYNCERUS-CAFFER) SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY LA English DT Article DE BUFFALO; LH; FSH; TESTOSTERONE; TESTIS; GONADOTROPIN RECEPTORS; SEASONALITY; SPERMATOZOA ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; CERVUS-ELAPHUS; TESTOSTERONE CONCENTRATIONS; HERPESTES-AUROPUNCTATUS; GONADOTROPIN RECEPTORS; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; LH; SECRETION; RESPONSIVENESS; REPRODUCTION AB Pituitary, gonadal and adrenal activity were compared in free-living, adult African buffalo bulls during the breeding and nonbreeding seasons. Frequent blood samples were collected for 2 h from anaesthetized bulls treated intravenously with saline, gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH, 200-mu-g), human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG, 10 000 i.u.) or adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH, 1.5 mg). Electro-ejaculates also were collected from anaesthetized bulls during the breeding and nonbreeding seasons. Pretreatment testosterone concentrations among bulls varied more during the breeding (0.17-23.0 ng/ml) than the nonbreeding (0.15-2.21 ng/ml) season. The variation within the breeding season was attributed to 8 of 25 bulls producing higher (P < 0.05) serum testosterone (High-T; 16.28 +/- 2.03 ng/ml) and testicular LH receptor (1.53 +/- 0.22 fmol/mg testis) concentrations compared with their seasonal counterparts (Low-T; 0.95 +/- 0.26 ng/ml; 0.38 +/- 0.04 fmol/mg) or with all bulls during the nonbreeding season (0.90 +/- 0.27 ng/ml; 0.31 +/- 0.04 fmol/mg). The magnitude of GnRH- and hCG-induced increases in serum testosterone was similar (P > 0.05) between Low-T bulls and bulls during the nonbreeding season. In the High-T animals treated with GnRH or hCG, serum testosterone did not increase, suggesting that secretion was already maximal. Peak serum LH concentrations after GnRH were greater (P < 0.05) in bulls during the nonbreeding than the breeding season; FSH responses were similar (P > 0.05). ACTH treatment did not increase serum cortisol concentrations above the 2-fold increase measured in bulls treated with saline, hCG and GnRH (P > 0.05). Ejaculate volume, sperm motility and the proportion of morphologically normal spermatozoa were greater (P < 0.05) during the breeding than in the nonbreeding season, but the total number of spermatozoa/ejaculate was similar (P > 0.05). We suggest that season effects endocrine function and seminal quality in free-living, male African buffalo. During the breeding season some, but not all, adult bulls produce high circulating concentrations of testosterone associated with increased testicular LH receptor binding. These findings suggest that this species may experience selective gonadal suppression, perhaps related to differences in social status. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT ANIM HLTH,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. MIAMI METRO ZOO,MIAMI,FL 33177. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. ZOOL SOC SAN DIEGO,DEPT VET SERV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92112. KRUGER NATL PK,SKUKUZA 1350,SOUTH AFRICA. NR 43 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 9 PU J REPROD FERTIL INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 22 NEWMARKET RD, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND CB5 8DT SN 0022-4251 J9 J REPROD FERTIL JI J. Reprod. Fertil. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 92 IS 1 BP 47 EP 57 PG 11 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA FN323 UT WOS:A1991FN32300006 PM 1905353 ER PT J AU WILDT, DE BUSH, M OBRIEN, SJ MURRAY, ND TAYLOR, A GRAVES, JAM AF WILDT, DE BUSH, M OBRIEN, SJ MURRAY, ND TAYLOR, A GRAVES, JAM TI SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS IN FREE-LIVING KOALAS (PHASCOLARCTOS-CINEREUS) SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY LA English DT Article DE KOALA; MARSUPIAL; SEMEN; ELECTROEJACULATION; SPERMATOZOA; TESTIS; TESTOSTERONE ID INFERTILITY; LEOPARD; AFRICAN; CHEETAH; TIGER AB Spermic electroejaculates (range in motile sperm/ejaculate, 0.50-122.9 x 10(6); mean +/- s.e.m., 38.6 +/- 4.9) were recovered from 47 of 48 adult koalas captured from 3 wild populations in Australia. Semen was characterized by (i) a high density of globular bodies, which prevented the estimation of sperm motility without dilution; (ii) a brownish colour; and (iii) and acidic pH. Spermatozoa were categorized on the basis of 10 head forms, most cells being a curved or hooked shape. The koala populations differed in sperm concentration and motility ratings, but not in testes size, testosterone production or proportions of spermatozoa with various head shapes. These data confirm that free-living koalas normally produce spermatozoa with a high incidence of structural heterogeneity almost solely confined to the head region; and demonstrate the utility and safety of conventional gamete and endocrine studies, approaches which will be useful for determining the impact of genetic isolation and veneral disease on species fertility. C1 NCI,GENET SECT,FREDERICK,MD 21701. LA TROBE UNIV,DEPT GENET & HUMAN VARIAT,BUNDOORA,VIC 3083,AUSTRALIA. RP WILDT, DE (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. RI Taylor, Andrea/B-5795-2009; Graves, Jennifer/A-1387-2008 NR 42 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 8 PU J REPROD FERTIL INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 22 NEWMARKET RD, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND CB5 8DT SN 0022-4251 J9 J REPROD FERTIL JI J. Reprod. Fertil. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 92 IS 1 BP 99 EP 107 PG 9 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA FN323 UT WOS:A1991FN32300011 PM 2056498 ER PT J AU HOWARD, JG BUSH, M MORTON, C MORTON, F WENTZEL, K WILDT, DE AF HOWARD, JG BUSH, M MORTON, C MORTON, F WENTZEL, K WILDT, DE TI COMPARATIVE SEMEN CRYOPRESERVATION IN FERRETS (MUSTELA-PUTORIUS-FURO) AND PREGNANCIES AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION WITH FROZEN THAWED SPERMATOZOA SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY LA English DT Article DE FERRET; SPERM; SEMEN CRYOPRESERVATION; ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION ID ACROSOMAL INTEGRITY; FREEZE-PRESERVATION; DOMESTIC CAT; TESTOSTERONE; MORPHOLOGY; SPERM; MOTILITY; BOVINE; MATURATION; EJACULATE AB A study was conducted to determine an optimum technique for semen cryo-preservation and the biological competence of frozen-thawed ferret spermatozoa. Fifty-two fresh electroejaculates from 4 males were evaluated for sperm percentage motility, forward progressive motility, motility index (SMI) and acrosomal integrity. To determine the optimum temperature for maintaining sperm motility in vitro and the influence of glycerol on sperm motility, seminal aliquants were diluted in TEST diluent (containing either 0 or 4% glycerol) and maintained at 25-degrees or 37-degrees-C. For cryo-preservation, semen was diluted in each of 3 cryodiluents (TEST, PDV, BF5F), cooled for 30 min at 5-degrees-C and pelleted on solid CO2 or frozen in 0.25 ml straws (20-degrees-C/min to -100-degrees-C). Following thawing, SMI and acrosomal integrity were determined. Ten females with maximum vulval swelling were given 90 i.u. human chorionic gonadotrophin and laparoscopically inseminated in utero with spermatozoa previously frozen using the optimum diluent and freeze-thaw method. The maintenance temperature of 25-degrees-C was superior (P < 0.05) to 37-degrees-C for sustaining sperm motility, and glycerol did not influence (P > 0.05) motility for up to 11 h of culture. After thawing, motile spermatozoa were recovered in all treatment groups, but sperm motility and normal acrosomal ratings were highest using the PDV diluent, the pelleting method and thawing at 37-degrees-C (P < 0.05). Seven of the 10 ferrets (70%) inseminated with spermatozoa frozen by this approach became pregnant and produced 31 kits (mean litter size 4.4; range 1-9 kits). These results illustrate the sensitivity of ferret spem motility and acrosomal integrity to different cryopreservation conditions; and demonstrate the biological competence of frozen-thawed ferret spermatozoa. C1 PATH VALLEY FARM,WILLOW HILL,PA 17271. RP HOWARD, JG (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 42 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 2 PU J REPROD FERTIL INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 22 NEWMARKET RD, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND CB5 8DT SN 0022-4251 J9 J REPROD FERTIL JI J. Reprod. Fertil. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 92 IS 1 BP 109 EP 118 PG 10 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA FN323 UT WOS:A1991FN32300012 PM 2056481 ER PT J AU DOLAN, JR COATS, DW AF DOLAN, JR COATS, DW TI PRELIMINARY PREY DIGESTION IN A PREDACIOUS ESTUARINE CILIATE AND THE USE OF DIGESTION DATA TO ESTIMATE INGESTION SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Note ID TEMPERATURE; RATES AB Digestion of ciliate prey (Pleuronema sp. and Metanophrys sp.) in Euplotes woodruffi was examined in laboratory experiments. Similar exponential declines in recognizable food vacuole contents were found in feeding and non-feeding cells. Ingestion rates, based on digestion rates and food vacuole contents, yielded estimates of 0.4-1.6 Pleuronema and 3.7-4.2 Metanophrys consumed per E. woodruffi h-1 at 20-degrees-C, in agreement with rates obtained by other methods. Cells starved for 24 h showed faster digestion rates; temperature variation over a range of 15-degrees-25-degrees-C gave a Q10 of approximately 1.5. RP DOLAN, JR (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,POB 28,EDGEWATER,MD 21037, USA. RI Dolan, John/A-4513-2009 OI Dolan, John/0000-0002-9454-1355 NR 17 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPH PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 SN 0024-3590 J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR JI Limnol. Oceanogr. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 36 IS 3 BP 558 EP 565 PG 8 WC Limnology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA GB764 UT WOS:A1991GB76400012 ER PT J AU FUELLING, S BRUCH, R RAUSCHER, EA TRABERT, E HECKMANN, PH AF FUELLING, S BRUCH, R RAUSCHER, EA TRABERT, E HECKMANN, PH TI IONIZATION PLUS EXCITATION OF HELIUM IN FAST H+ + HE AND E- + HE COLLISION SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON THE APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY CY NOV 05-08, 1990 CL DENTON, TX ID IONS AB The cross section for ionization-excitation of the Lyman series HeII (1s-np, n = 2-5) following proton and electron impact on He has been measured. At projectile velocities between 3.5 and 8 a.u. the cross section for electron impact exceeds that for protons by a factor of up to about 3. The cross section ratio sigma(e-)/sigma-(p) and the difference sigma(e-)-sigma-(p) may be sensitive to interference effects between first and second order terms in the scattering amplitude. C1 MAX PLANCK INST QUANTUM OPT,W-8046 GARCHING,GERMANY. TECNIC RES LABS,DIV THEORET PHYS,RENO,NV 89506. HARVARD UNIV,SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RUHR UNIV BOCHUM,INST EXPTL PHYS 3,W-4630 BOCHUM 1,GERMANY. RP FUELLING, S (reprint author), UNIV NEVADA,DEPT PHYS,RENO,NV 89557, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1991 VL 56-7 BP 275 EP 278 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(91)96024-F PN 1 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA FQ888 UT WOS:A1991FQ88800073 ER PT J AU FUELLING, S BRUCH, R RAUSCHER, EA TRABERT, E HECKMANN, PH AF FUELLING, S BRUCH, R RAUSCHER, EA TRABERT, E HECKMANN, PH TI IONIZATION-EXCITATION OF HELIUM IN H+ + HE, H-2(+) + HE AND H-3(+) + HE COLLISIONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON THE APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY CY NOV 05-08, 1990 CL DENTON, TX ID HE+ AB Ionization-excitation cross sections of He have been measured following bombardment by fast H+, H-2+ and H-3+ particles (v = 1.4-8 a.u.). Cross sections for populating different He+ (np, n = 2-5) states have been determined as a function of the projectile velocity, mass, atomic and molecular structure, and number of interacting electrons. It is found that ionization-excitation cross sections obtained are largest for H3+ molecular ions and smallest for protons, roughly in accord with a simple scaling relation. C1 MAX PLANCK INST QUANTUM OPT,W-8046 GARCHING,GERMANY. TECNIC RES LABS,DIV THEORET PHYS,RENO,NV 89506. HARVARD UNIV,SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RUHR UNIV BOCHUM,INST EXPTL PHYS 3,W-4630 BOCHUM 1,GERMANY. RP FUELLING, S (reprint author), UNIV NEVADA,DEPT PHYS,RENO,NV 89557, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1991 VL 56-7 BP 279 EP 281 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(91)96025-G PN 1 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA FQ888 UT WOS:A1991FQ88800074 ER PT J AU FUELLING, S BRUCH, R RAUSCHER, EA TRABERT, E HECKMANN, PH AF FUELLING, S BRUCH, R RAUSCHER, EA TRABERT, E HECKMANN, PH TI STATE SELECTIVE CROSS-SECTIONS FOR IONIZATION-EXCITATION OF HELIUM IN FAST H+ + HE AND C-6+ + HE COLLISIONS - Z(P)3-DEPENDENCE SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON THE APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY CY NOV 05-08, 1990 CL DENTON, TX AB State-selective cross sections for ionization plus excitation of helium have been measured by detection of the He+ Lyman series (1s-np) for n = 2-5 following bombardment of He by fast protons and C6+ particles in the energy range of 0.83-2.3 MeV/u. The H+ and C6+ cross sections scale approximately as Z(p)3. C1 MAX PLANCK INST QUANTUM OPT,W-8046 GARCHING,GERMANY. TECNIC RES LABS,DIV THEORET PHYS,RENO,NV 89506. HARVARD UNIV,SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RUHR UNIV BOCHUM,INST EXPTL PHYS 3,W-4630 BOCHUM,GERMANY. RP FUELLING, S (reprint author), UNIV NEVADA,DEPT PHYS,RENO,NV 89557, USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1991 VL 56-7 BP 317 EP 319 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(91)96035-J PN 1 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA FQ888 UT WOS:A1991FQ88800084 ER PT J AU GOODSON, DZ MORGAN, JD HERSCHBACH, DR AF GOODSON, DZ MORGAN, JD HERSCHBACH, DR TI DIMENSIONAL SINGULARITY ANALYSIS OF RELATIVISTIC-EQUATIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID LARGE-N EXPANSION; 2-ELECTRON ATOMS; SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; PERTURBATION-THEORY; VARIABLE DIMENSIONALITY; CLASSICAL MECHANICS; QUANTUM-MECHANICS; HYDROGEN-ATOM; 1/N EXPANSION; ENERGY-LEVELS AB For a nonrelativistic hydrogenic atom, the dimension dependence of the energy levels is non-singular except for a second-order pole at D* = 3 - 2n, where n is the principal quantum number. For the relativistic Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations, the dimension dependence has a much more complicated singularity structure, involving branch points. For all eigenstates there are branch points at D+ +/- 2Z-alpha, where Z is the nuclear charge, alpha is the fine-structure constant, and D+ is independent of n but varies linearly with orbital angular momentum. For most states there is in addition a pair of branch points near D* but slightly off the real axis. The customary perturbation expansion in terms of Z-alpha gives qualitatively incorrect dimension dependence; it predicts only poles located on the real axis at D* and D+, no matter how high the order of the expansion. The dimensional singularities result from the behavior at r = 0. The qualitatively incorrect results occur because the perturbing potential, proportional to alpha-2/r2, overwhelms the unperturbed 1/r potential at small r. Because of the complexity of the dimensional singularity structure, the popular "shifted expansion" method for summing the 1/D expansion does not work well for these equations. We demonstrate a general method for identifying the dimensional singularities that leads to an exact summation of the 1/D expansion for all eigenstates of both the Klein-Gordon and the Dirac equations for a particle in a Coulomb potential. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,INST THEORET ATOM & MOLEC PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP GOODSON, DZ (reprint author), HARVARD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAY 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 9 BP 4617 EP 4624 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.4617 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA FL111 UT WOS:A1991FL11100006 ER PT J AU WINTER, TG AF WINTER, TG TI STURMIAN TREATMENT OF EXCITATION AND IONIZATION IN HIGH-ENERGY PROTON-HELIUM COLLISIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ION-ATOM COLLISIONS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; CROSS-SECTIONS; HE+; SCATTERING; CAPTURE; LI-2+ AB Cross sections have been calculated for excitation of the (2s2) 1S, 2 1S, and 2 1P states and ionization of helium by MeV -energy protons. The sensitivity to couplings among these excitation and ionization channels is studied using the Sturmian-pseudostate approach applied previously by Winter [Phys. Rev. A 35, 3799 (1987)] to one-electron systems. The inclusion of many states greatly lowers the 2s2 cross section and brings it closer to the recent experimental result of Giese et al. [Phys. Rev. A 42, 1231 (1990)]. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,INST THEORET ATOM & MOLEC PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP WINTER, TG (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,WILKES BARRE CAMPUS,LEHMAN,PA 18627, USA. NR 25 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAY 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 9 BP 4727 EP 4735 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.4727 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA FL111 UT WOS:A1991FL11100019 ER PT J AU DUDLEY, R GANS, C AF DUDLEY, R GANS, C TI A CRITIQUE OF SYMMORPHOSIS AND OPTIMALITY MODELS IN PHYSIOLOGY SO PHYSIOLOGICAL ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EVOLUTION; SELECTION AB The concept of symmorphosis postulates rigorous congruence between structural design and functional demand in physiological systems. We consider here the evolutionary limitations of symmorphosis and, more generally, model of optimal design in physiology. Such models presume that evolutionary forces of selection are well-defined and invariant. Because selective pressures vary in space and time, the level of performance required from physiological systems is not necessarily constant and uniquely specified. Morphological structures frequently perform multiple roles, and optimal design for one role may reduce the effectiveness of other functions. Developmental and genetic constraints may also preclude optimal matching of physiological design with functional requirements. The complexity and interdependence of most morphological structures and physiological processes suggest that perfect rate matching of all constituent components is unlikely. Similar allometry of different components of a physiological cascade does not necessarily imply design according to symmorphosis, which specifies quantitative equality of maximum capacity at different levels of structural organization. Although the notion of optimal design has considerable utility as a null hypothesis, the extent of matching between form and function in organisms is best described as a continuum of imperfection. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT BIOL,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP DUDLEY, R (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,POB 2072,BALBOA,PANAMA. NR 39 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0031-935X J9 PHYSIOL ZOOL JI Physiol. Zool. PD MAY-JUN PY 1991 VL 64 IS 3 BP 627 EP 637 PG 11 WC Physiology; Zoology SC Physiology; Zoology GA FY293 UT WOS:A1991FY29300001 ER PT J AU LONG, SP DRAKE, BG AF LONG, SP DRAKE, BG TI EFFECT OF THE LONG-TERM ELEVATION OF CO2 CONCENTRATION IN THE FIELD ON THE QUANTUM YIELD OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS OF THE C3 SEDGE, SCIRPUS-OLNEYI SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; C-4 PLANTS; LEAVES; CHAMBER; MARSH AB CO2 concentration was elevated throughout 3 years around stands of the C3 sedge Scirpus olneyi on a tidal marsh of the Chesapeake Bay. The hypothesis that tissues developed in an elevated CO2 atmosphere will show an acclimatory decrease in photosynthetic capacity under light-limiting conditions was examined. The absorbed light quantum yield of CO2 uptake (phi-abs and the efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry were determined for plants which had developed in open top chambers with CO2 concentrations in air of 680 micromoles per mole, and of 351 micromoles per mole as controls. An Ulbricht sphere cuvette incorporated into an open gas exchange system was used to determine phi-abs and a portable chlorophyll fluorimeter was used to estimate the photochemical efficiency of photosystem II. When measured in an atmosphere with 10 millimoles per mole O2 to suppress photorespiration, shoots showed a phi-abs of 0.093 +/- 0.003, with no statistically significant difference between shoots grown in elevated or control CO2 concentrations. Efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry was also unchanged by development in an elevated CO2 atmosphere. Shoots grown and measured in 680 micromoles per mole of CO2 in air showed a phi-abs of 0.078 +/- 0.004 compared with O.065 +/- 0.003 for leaves grown and measured in 351 micromoles per mole CO2 in air; a highly significant increase. In accordance with the change in phi-abs, the light compensation point of photosynthesis decreased from 51 +/- 3 to 31 +/- 3 micromoles per square meter per second for stems grown and measured in 351 and 680 micromoles per mole of CO2 in air, respectively. The results suggest that even after 3 years of growth in elevated CO2, there is no evidence of acclimation in capacity for photosynthesis under light-limited conditions which would counteract the stimulation of photosynthetic CO2 uptake otherwise expected through decreased photorespiration. C1 SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,EDGEWATER,MD 21037. RP LONG, SP (reprint author), UNIV ESSEX,DEPT BIOL,COLCHESTER CO4 3SQ,ESSEX,ENGLAND. RI Long, Stephen/A-2488-2008 OI Long, Stephen/0000-0002-8501-7164 NR 29 TC 187 Z9 196 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 96 IS 1 BP 221 EP 226 DI 10.1104/pp.96.1.221 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA FN157 UT WOS:A1991FN15700033 PM 16668155 ER PT J AU HABASHY, TM ALI, SM KONG, JA GROSSI, MD AF HABASHY, TM ALI, SM KONG, JA GROSSI, MD TI DYADIC GREENS-FUNCTIONS IN A PLANAR STRATIFIED, ARBITRARILY MAGNETIZED LINEAR PLASMA SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID EARTH-IONOSPHERE WAVEGUIDE; SATELLITE-BORNE ANTENNA; EXCITATION AB A general spectral domain formulation to the problem of radiation of arbitrary distribution of sources embedded in a horizontally stratified arbitarily magnetized linear plasma is presented. The fields are obtained in terms of electric and magnetic type dyadic Green's functions. The formulation is considerably simplified by using the kDB system of coordinates in conjunction with the Fourier transform. The distributional singular behavior of the various dyadic Green's functions in the source region is investigated and taken into account by extracting the delta function singularities. Finally, the fields in any arbitrary layer are obtained in terms of appropriately defined global upward and downward reflection and transmission matrices. C1 MIT,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP HABASHY, TM (reprint author), SCHLUMBERGER DOLL RES CTR,OLD QUARRY RD,RIDGEFIELD,CT 06877, USA. NR 12 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 1991 VL 26 IS 3 BP 701 EP 715 DI 10.1029/91RS00654 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA FR116 UT WOS:A1991FR11600005 ER PT J AU SILVERBERG, EC AF SILVERBERG, EC TI PREDICTING PROJECT COMPLETION SO RESEARCH-TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article RP SILVERBERG, EC (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY PROJECT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH INST INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1550 M ST., NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0895-6308 J9 RES TECHNOL MANAGE JI Res.-Technol. Manage. PD MAY-JUN PY 1991 VL 34 IS 3 BP 46 EP 49 PG 4 WC Business; Engineering, Industrial; Management SC Business & Economics; Engineering GA FJ465 UT WOS:A1991FJ46500013 ER PT J AU WANG, CS FAN, CZ WANG, SJ ZHANG, MS ZHANG, JG CHASE, WT AF WANG, CS FAN, CZ WANG, SJ ZHANG, MS ZHANG, JG CHASE, WT TI RESEARCH ON POWDERY CORROSION OF THE SERIALS BELLS FROM CAI-HOU-TOMB SO SCIENCE IN CHINA SERIES B-CHEMISTRY LIFE SCIENCES & EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE SERIALS BELLS; POWDERY CORROSION; CORROSION ALONG THE GRAIN BOUNDARIES AB "Powdery corrosion" is called "cancer" of cultural relics of bronze. For many years the experts concerned at home and abroad cannot make distinct progress in the control or cure of powdery corrosion. This paper introduces in detail analyses of XRD, SEM, TEM and XRFA on a fragment of serials bells with serious powdery corrosion from the Cai Hou Tomb, pointing out that the components of powdery corrosion are mainly atacamite (Cu2(OH)3Cl), cuprite (Cu2O) and cassiterite (SnO2) in the worse crystalline state. In the bell's matrix, there are corrosion gullies which has the same phase components as the powdery corrosion. Obviously, this discovery has very important significance for studying the formation mechanism of powdery corrosion. C1 ANHUI CULTURAL RELICS & ARCHAEOL INST,HEFEI 230061,PEOPLES R CHINA. SMITHSONIAN INST,ARTHUR M SACKLER GALLERY FREER GALLERY ART,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP WANG, CS (reprint author), UNIV SCI & TECHNOL CHINA,OPEN LAB STRUCT & ELEMENT RES,HEFEI 230026,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1001-652X J9 SCI CHINA SER B JI Sci. China Ser. B-Chem. Life Sci. Earth Sci. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 34 IS 5 BP 522 EP 531 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FR101 UT WOS:A1991FR10100002 ER PT J AU ADAMS, RM AF ADAMS, RM TI MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY IMPACT ON STUDIES OF EVOLUTION - EDITORIAL SO SMITHSONIAN LA English DT Editorial Material RP ADAMS, RM (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SMITHSONIAN ASSOCIATES PI WASHINGTON PA 900 JEFFERSON DRIVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0037-7333 J9 SMITHSONIAN JI Smithsonian PD MAY PY 1991 VL 22 IS 2 BP 10 EP 10 PG 1 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA FJ987 UT WOS:A1991FJ98700001 ER PT J AU WILBUR, RL AF WILBUR, RL TI THE RECENT NEOTYPIFICATION AND PROPOSAL (977) TO REJECT THE NAME CENCHRUS-CAROLINIANUS WALTER (GRAMINEAE) SO TAXON LA English DT Article AB The recent neotypification of Cenchrus carolinianus Walter (1788) should be ignored as unjustifiable in terms of the original circumscription. The rejection proposal should be opposed and Walter's name returned to its historic status of 'nomen dubium'. The generally accepted name, C. incertus M. Curtis (1837), may also be threatened by C. spinifex Cav. (1799). C1 DUKE UNIV,DEPT BOT,DURHAM,NC 27706. RP WILBUR, RL (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,NHB-166,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT ASSN PLANT TAXONOMY PI BERLIN PA BOTANISCHER GARTEN & MUSEUM KONIGIN-LUISSE-STRASSE 6-8, W-1000 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0040-0262 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD MAY PY 1991 VL 40 IS 2 BP 326 EP 330 DI 10.2307/1222992 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA FP141 UT WOS:A1991FP14100021 ER PT J AU ESTALELLA, R ANGLADA, G RODRIGUEZ, LF GARAY, G AF ESTALELLA, R ANGLADA, G RODRIGUEZ, LF GARAY, G TI MULTIFREQUENCY VLA OBSERVATIONS OF RADIO-CONTINUUM FROM IRAS-16293-2422 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE INFRARED, SOURCES; RADIO SOURCES, SPECTRA; STARS, PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE; NEBULAE, H-II REGIONS ID STARS; CLOUD AB Using the VLA at 20, 6, 2, and 1.3 cm, we observed the cold infrared source IRAS 16293-2422. Our data allow a determination of the spectral indices of the components A and B. IRAS 16293-2422A, which is known from higher angular resolution data to consist of at least two subcomponents, has a spectral index alpha = 0.6 +/- 0.1, consistent with the subcomponent sources being partially optically thick H II regions or ionized outflows. On the other hand, IRAS 16293-2422B has a very steep spectral index, alpha = 2.1 +/- 0.2 between 6 and 2 cm and alpha = 3.2 +/- 0.5 between 2 and 1.3 cm. The spectral index from the 6 and 2 cm data is consistent with an optically thick H II region, and the unusually large spectral index between 2 and 1.3 cm suggests that the 1.3 cm flux may have a contribution from dust emission. We have also monitored the region at 2 cm in five different occasions over a period of 14 months. We did not detect evidence of variability within the observational uncertainty. C1 SOC CATALANA FIS,ASTROFIS LAB,CATALANA,SPAIN. NATL AUTONOMOUS UNIV MEXICO,INST ASTRON,MEXICO CITY 04510,DF,MEXICO. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV CHILE,DEPT ASTRON,SANTIAGO,CHILE. RP ESTALELLA, R (reprint author), UNIV BARCELONA,DEPT ASTRON & METEOROL,DIAGONAL 647,E-08028 BARCELONA,SPAIN. RI Garay, Guido/H-8840-2013 OI Garay, Guido/0000-0003-1649-7958 NR 19 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 20 PY 1991 VL 371 IS 2 BP 626 EP 630 DI 10.1086/169927 PN 1 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FF983 UT WOS:A1991FF98300019 ER PT J AU MARSCHER, AP BANIA, TM WANG, Z AF MARSCHER, AP BANIA, TM WANG, Z TI DETECTION OF LOCAL INTERSTELLAR CO ABSORPTION TOWARD BL LACERTAE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; INTERSTELLAR, MATTER; INTERSTELLAR, MOLECULES ID CARBON-MONOXIDE; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; LINES AB We have detected the J = 0 --> 1 line of (CO)-C-12 in absorption toward the compact extragalactic continuum source BL Lacertae. The absorption originates in a high-latitude molecular cloud in our Galaxy. The line is nearly black ( = 0.065 +/- 0.038) over a velocity range of 1.8 km s-1, with total width comparable to that of the emission line. If the cloud is composed of many dense, optically thick clumps, with each clump absorbing over a velocity interval equal to the CO thermal velocity, we estimate that approximately 70 clumps must lie along the line of sight to BL Lac in order to reproduce the characteristics of the absorption line. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. CALTECH,DEPT ASTRON,PASADENA,CA 91125. RP MARSCHER, AP (reprint author), BOSTON UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,725 COMMONWEALTH AVE,BOSTON,MA 02215, USA. RI Bania, Thomas/H-2318-2014 NR 16 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 20 PY 1991 VL 371 IS 2 BP L77 EP L80 DI 10.1086/186006 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FF984 UT WOS:A1991FF98400008 ER PT J AU RALLS, K BROWNELL, RL AF RALLS, K BROWNELL, RL TI ZOOLOGY - A WHALE OF A NEW SPECIES SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material ID BEAKED WHALE; MESOPLODON C1 US FISH & WILDLIFE SERV,SAN SIMEON,CA 93452. RP RALLS, K (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD APR 18 PY 1991 VL 350 IS 6319 BP 560 EP 560 DI 10.1038/350560a0 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FH112 UT WOS:A1991FH11200035 ER PT J AU OLMEZ, I LANGWAY, CC FIREMAN, EL AF OLMEZ, I LANGWAY, CC FIREMAN, EL TI TRACE-ELEMENT ANOMALIES IN THE ICE CORES AND THEIR RELATION TO HISTORICAL CLIMATE CHANGES SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. SUNY BUFFALO,BUFFALO,NY 14226. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 14 PY 1991 VL 201 BP 37 EP NUCL PN 2 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FG894 UT WOS:A1991FG89400037 ER PT J AU CRIST, RH OBERHOLSER, K MCGARRITY, J CRIST, DR BRITSSAN, M AF CRIST, RH OBERHOLSER, K MCGARRITY, J CRIST, DR BRITSSAN, M TI METAL AND PROTON INTERACTIONS WITH MARINE-ALGAE SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20057. SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 14 PY 1991 VL 201 BP 121 EP IEC PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FG893 UT WOS:A1991FG89301872 ER PT J AU SUN, Y KOURI, DJ AF SUN, Y KOURI, DJ TI SCATTERED WAVE VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE FOR ATOM DIATOM REACTIVE SCATTERING - HYBRID BASIS SET CALCULATIONS SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID S-MATRIX VERSION; MECHANICAL REACTION PROBABILITIES; ELECTRON-MOLECULE COLLISIONS; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; LOG DERIVATIVE VERSION; QUANTUM SCATTERING; CROSS-SECTIONS; BREAKUP THRESHOLD; H+H2 REACTION; DELAY TIMES AB The scattered wave variational principle (SWVP) with a hybrid basis is applied to the hydrogen exchange reaction. The convergence, stability and accuracy of results are comparable to those obtained with the generalized Newton variational principle - L2 amplitude density method. They demonstrate that the SWVP with the hybrid basis is a powerful tool for the description of gas-phase reactive scattering. C1 UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT CHEM,HOUSTON,TX 77204. UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77204. RP SUN, Y (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 48 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD APR 12 PY 1991 VL 179 IS 1-2 BP 142 EP 146 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(91)90305-S PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA FH143 UT WOS:A1991FH14300024 ER PT J AU ARVIDSON, RE BAKER, VR ELACHI, C SAUNDERS, RS WOOD, JA AF ARVIDSON, RE BAKER, VR ELACHI, C SAUNDERS, RS WOOD, JA TI MAGELLAN - INITIAL ANALYSIS OF VENUS SURFACE MODIFICATION SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID IMPACT CRATERS; RADAR IMAGES; VOLCANISM; VENERA-15 AB Initial Magellan observations reveal a planet with high dielectric constant materials exposed preferentially in elevated regions with high slopes, ejecta deposits extending up to 1000 kilometers to the west of several impact craters, windblown deposits and features in areas where there are both obstacles and a source of particulate material, and evidence for slow, steady degradation by atmosphere-surface interactions and mass movements. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT GEOSCI,TUCSON,AZ 85721. CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA 91109. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP ARVIDSON, RE (reprint author), WASHINGTON UNIV,MCDONNELL CTR SPACE SCI,CTR SPACE SCI,ST LOUIS,MO 63130, USA. NR 25 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD APR 12 PY 1991 VL 252 IS 5003 BP 270 EP 275 DI 10.1126/science.252.5003.270 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FG036 UT WOS:A1991FG03600043 PM 17769274 ER PT J AU RUDAK, B MESZAROS, P AF RUDAK, B MESZAROS, P TI DUST FROM EARLY GALAXIES AND THE X-RAY-BACKGROUND RADIATION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES; CLUSTERING; GALAXIES; INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; X-RAYS; SOURCES ID CONSTRAINTS; SCATTERING; LUMINOSITY; UNIVERSE; GRAINS AB We explore the effects of the scattering of cosmic X-ray background photons by dusty foreground galaxies, assuming the X-rays themselves arise in discrete sources. The effective angle of scattering is approximately 1-10 arcmin in the 1-3 keV band, which can lead to a decrease in the spatial fluctuations of the background observed with an IPC-like imaging device with approximately 1 arcmin resolution. This can reduce the number of discrete sources required to explain the smoothness of the background to values greater than approximately 10(3) deg-2. The effect may be stronger in the direction of distant clusters of galaxies, or if distant galaxies are much dustier than assumed here. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP RUDAK, B (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,525 DAVEY LAB,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 1991 VL 371 IS 1 BP 29 EP 35 DI 10.1086/169867 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FE865 UT WOS:A1991FE86500004 ER PT J AU KAROVSKA, M HABBAL, SR AF KAROVSKA, M HABBAL, SR TI HIGH-RESOLUTION STUDIES OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE SOLAR ATMOSPHERE USING A NEW IMAGING ALGORITHM SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE SUN, ATMOSPHERE; SUN, SPECTRA; ULTRAVIOLET, SPECTRA ID SPECTRO-HELIOMETER AB We present the results of the application of a new image restoration algorithm developed by Ayers and Dainty to the multiwavelength EUV/Skylab observations of the solar atmosphere. The application of the algorithm allows us to reach a resolution better than 5", and thus study the structure of the quiet Sun on that spatial scale. The results show evidence for discrete looplike structures in the network boundary, 5"-10" in size, at temperatures of 10(5) K. RP KAROVSKA, M (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 1991 VL 371 IS 1 BP 402 EP & DI 10.1086/169901 PN 1 PG 0 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FE865 UT WOS:A1991FE86500038 ER PT J AU LEIBUNDGUT, B KIRSHNER, RP FILIPPENKO, AV SHIELDS, JC FOLTZ, CB PHILLIPS, MM SONNEBORN, G AF LEIBUNDGUT, B KIRSHNER, RP FILIPPENKO, AV SHIELDS, JC FOLTZ, CB PHILLIPS, MM SONNEBORN, G TI PREMAXIMUM OBSERVATIONS OF THE TYPE-IA SN-1990N SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES; INDIVIDUAL (NGC-4639); STARS; INDIVIDUAL (SN-1990N); STARS; SUPERNOVAE; ULTRAVIOLET; SPECTRA ID WHITE-DWARF MODELS; VIRGO CLUSTER; SUPERNOVAE; GALAXIES; CATALOG; SPECTRA; VELOCITIES; DISTANCES AB Spectroscopic and photometric observations of SN 1990N were obtained at ultraviolet and optical wavelengths, beginning 14 days before maximum light. The early observations reveal important differences from spectra of SN Ia's around maximum light. Photometry and spectroscopy obtained after maximum show that SN 1990N is a typical SN Ia and that most of the observed differences are due to the early epoch of the observations. The most significant characteristics are (1) the high velocities of Ca and Si up to 22,000 km s-1, (2) the presence of Co and Fe 2 weeks before maximum, and (3) the more rapid increase in the UV flux compared to the optical. The most popular models for white dwarf deflagration that have provided the standard interpretation for SN Ia's at maximum light do not reproduce the high velocities of Ca II and Si II lines observed in SN 1990N. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MULTIPLE MIRROR TELESCOPE OBSERV,TUCSON,AZ 85721. CERRO TOLOLO INTERAMER OBSERV,LA SERENA,CHILE. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ASTRON & SOLAR PHYS LAB,GREENBELT,MD 20771. RP LEIBUNDGUT, B (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 37 TC 121 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 1991 VL 371 IS 1 BP L23 EP L26 DI 10.1086/185993 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FE867 UT WOS:A1991FE86700006 ER PT J AU ELGERED, G DAVIS, JL HERRING, TA SHAPIRO, II AF ELGERED, G DAVIS, JL HERRING, TA SHAPIRO, II TI GEODESY BY RADIO INTERFEROMETRY - WATER-VAPOR RADIOMETRY FOR ESTIMATION OF THE WET DELAY SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH AND PLANETS LA English DT Article ID PATH-DELAY; AIR; PROPAGATION; PRECISION; LENGTH AB An important source of error in very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) estimates of baseline length is unmodeled variations of the refractivity of the neutral atmosphere along the propagation path of the radio signals. We present and discuss the method of using data from a water vapor radiometer (WVR) to correct for the propagation delay caused by atmospheric water vapor, the major cause of these variations. Data from different WVRs are compared with estimated propagation delays obtained by Kalman filtering of the VLBI data themselves. The consequences of using either WVR data or Kalman filtering to correct for atmospheric propagation delay at the Onsala VLBI site are investigated by studying the repeatability of estimated baseline lengths from Onsala to several other sites. The lengths of the baselines range from 919 to 7941 km. The repeatability obtained for baseline length estimates shows that the methods of water vapor radiometry and Kalman filtering offer comparable accuracies when applied to VLBI observations obtained in the climate of the Swedish west coast. For the most frequently measured baseline in this study, the use of WVR data yielded a 13% smaller weighted-root-mean-square (WRMS) scatter of the baseline length estimates compared to the use of a Kalman filter. It is also clear that the "best" minimum elevation angle for VLBI observations depends on the accuracy of the determinations of the total propagation delay to be used, since the error in this delay increases with increasing air mass. For use of WVR data along with accurate determinations of total surface pressure, the best minimum is about 20-degrees; for use of a model for the wet delay based on the humidity and temperature at the ground, the best minimum is about 35-degrees. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RI Davis, James/D-8766-2013; Elgered, Gunnar/B-7052-2016 OI Davis, James/0000-0003-3057-477X; Elgered, Gunnar/0000-0001-5711-0073 NR 36 TC 104 Z9 117 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOLID PD APR 10 PY 1991 VL 96 IS B4 BP 6541 EP 6555 DI 10.1029/90JB00834 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA FG773 UT WOS:A1991FG77300044 ER PT J AU BENSON, KM WIDROW, LM AF BENSON, KM WIDROW, LM TI COAXING CHARGE FROM THE VACUUM SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID NONTOPOLOGICAL SOLITONS; Q-BALLS; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; GAUGE-THEORIES; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN AB We examine a U(1)-symmetric field theory for two scalar fields in which the tree-level potential is unbounded from below. We calculate the finite-temperature effective potential and demonstrate that (1) radiative corrections stabilize the theory; (2) Q-balls appear at low temperatures: and (3) the U(1) symmetry is spontaneously broken at high temperatures and restored at low temperatures. We investigate the theory's dynamics in a sector of fixed charge, focusing on the cosmological production of Q-balls as relics of the early era of broken symmetry. C1 HARVARD UNIV,HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. CANADIAN INST THEORET ASTROPHYS,TORONTO M5S 1A1,ONTARIO,CANADA. RP BENSON, KM (reprint author), HARVARD UNIV,LYMAN LAB PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD APR 8 PY 1991 VL 353 IS 1 BP 187 EP 208 DI 10.1016/0550-3213(91)90507-T PG 22 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA FE372 UT WOS:A1991FE37200010 ER PT J AU GEARY, CM AF GEARY, CM TI ART OF CENTRAL AFRICA - MASTERPIECES FROM THE BERLIN-MUSEUM-FUR-VOLKERKUNDE SO AFRICAN ARTS LA English DT Art Exhibit Review RP GEARY, CM (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIF PI LOS ANGELES PA AFRICAN STUDIES CNTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 SN 0001-9933 J9 AFR ARTS JI Afr. Arts PD APR PY 1991 VL 24 IS 2 BP 78 EP 79 DI 10.2307/3336856 PG 2 WC Art SC Art GA FR983 UT WOS:A1991FR98300012 ER PT J AU MAMAY, SH BATEMAN, RM AF MAMAY, SH BATEMAN, RM TI ARCHAEOCALAMITES-LAZARII, SP-NOV - THE RANGE OF ARCHAEOCALAMITACEAE EXTENDED FROM THE LOWERMOST PENNSYLVANIAN TO THE MID-LOWER PERMIAN SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article AB Archaeocalamites lazarii, sp. nov., is based on a few vegetative compressions from the mid-Lower Permian Leonard Series near Fulda, north-central Texas. It is a minor component of a rich biota that includes sphenophylls, pteridophylls, conifers, conchostracan crustaceans, eurypterids, arachnids, insects, xenocanth sharks, and coprolites attributed to tetrapods. Biota and sedimentology indicate deposition in a small freshwater body on a deltaic floodplain. Leaves of A. lazarii differ in size and posture from those of the widespread and characteristically Mississippian aggregate species A. radiatus; nonpreservation of rooting and reproductive organs prevents interpretation of its phylogenetic relationship with other equisetaleans. The main significance of A. lazarii is that it extends the recorded stratigraphic range of the Archaeocalamitaceae from the lowermost Pennsylvanian (Namurian B) to the mid-Lower Permian (Artinskian), leaving a hiatus in records of approximately 55 Ma. This Lazarus taxon also occurs with possibly the youngest recorded eurypterid. RP MAMAY, SH (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT PALEOBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 29 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI COLUMBUS PA OHIO STATE UNIV-DEPT BOTANY 1735 NEIL AVE, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD APR PY 1991 VL 78 IS 4 BP 489 EP 496 DI 10.2307/2445258 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA FG752 UT WOS:A1991FG75200005 ER PT J AU MULKEY, SS WRIGHT, SJ SMITH, AP AF MULKEY, SS WRIGHT, SJ SMITH, AP TI DROUGHT ACCLIMATION OF AN UNDERSTORY SHRUB (PSYCHOTRIA-LIMONENSIS RUBIACEAE) IN A SEASONALLY DRY TROPICAL FOREST IN PANAMA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; WATER RELATIONS; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; RAINFOREST TREE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; DEFICITS; EXCHANGE; LEAVES; C-3 AB Physiological responses to seasonal drought were explored for Psychotria limonensis (Rubiaceae), an abundant understory shrub in a seasonally dry tropical forest in Panama. Control and irrigated plants were compared at the beginning and again at the end of the 4-mo dry season. Stomatal conductance remained high throughout for irrigated plants, but fell to very low levels for control plants late in the dry season. Net assimilation rates under both saturating and ambient light were unaffected by irrigation. As a consequence, instantaneous water-use efficiency (assimilation divided-by evapotranspiration), derived from gas exchange measures, and long-term water-use efficiency, estimated from stable carbon isotope ratios of leaf tissue, were similar for both treatments. The maintenance of high assimilation rates despite drought may be related to osmotic adjustment. Control plants had more negative osmotic potentials at full turgor and higher moduli of elasticity in the late dry season. C1 UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT BIOL,ST LOUIS,MO 63121. SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,MIAMI,FL 34002. RI Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013 OI Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676 NR 45 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 5 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI COLUMBUS PA OHIO STATE UNIV-DEPT BOTANY 1735 NEIL AVE, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD APR PY 1991 VL 78 IS 4 BP 579 EP 587 DI 10.2307/2445267 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA FG752 UT WOS:A1991FG75200014 ER PT J AU RYBICKI, GB AF RYBICKI, GB TI SPEED LIMITS ON WALKING SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Note RP RYBICKI, GB (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD APR PY 1991 VL 59 IS 4 BP 368 EP 369 DI 10.1119/1.16554 PG 2 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA FE089 UT WOS:A1991FE08900023 ER PT J AU SERABYN, E PHILLIPS, TG MASSON, CR AF SERABYN, E PHILLIPS, TG MASSON, CR TI SURFACE FIGURE MEASUREMENTS OF RADIO TELESCOPES WITH A SHEARING INTERFEROMETER SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY; RADIO TELESCOPES; RADIO HOLOGRAPHY ID SUBMILLIMETER ASTRONOMY; ANTENNAS; GHZ AB A new technique for determining the surface figure of large submillimeter wavelength telescopes is presented, which is based on measuring the telescope's focal plane diffraction pattern with a shearing interferometer. In addition to the instrumental theory, results obtained using such an interferometer on the 10.4-m diam telescope of the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory are discussed. Using wavelengths near 1 mm, a measurement accuracy of 9-mu-m, or lambda/115, has been achieved, and the rms surface accuracy has been determined to be just under 30-mu-m. The distortions of the primary reflector with changing elevation angle have also been measured and agree well with theoretical predictions of the dish deformation. C1 CALTECH,DIV PHYS,PASADENA,CA 91125. RP SERABYN, E (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 32 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD APR 1 PY 1991 VL 30 IS 10 BP 1227 EP 1241 PG 15 WC Optics SC Optics GA FG122 UT WOS:A1991FG12200014 PM 20582133 ER PT J AU MORSE, JA MATHIEU, RD LEVINE, SE AF MORSE, JA MATHIEU, RD LEVINE, SE TI THE MEASUREMENT OF PRECISE RADIAL-VELOCITIES OF EARLY TYPE STARS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID YOUNG OPEN CLUSTERS; MODEL ATMOSPHERES AB Techniques are discussed for measuring radial velocities with precisions of 1-3 kms-1 for late-O, B and early A spectral-type stars of all v sin i from spectra obtained with CCD detectors. Two spectral regions have been investigated, one centered near H-delta at lambda 4073 angstrom and one centered in the Balmer series at lambda 3787 angstrom. At each region the spectra spanned approximately 140 angstrom at almost-equal-to 40 km s-1 resolution. Stellar radial velocities were measured through cross-correlation techniques following the algorithms of Tonry & Davis (1979). We have produced a set of synthetic spectra densely distributed in temperature and projected rotation velocity for use as template spectra in the correlation analyses and for study of systematic errors in the analysis procedure. With careful selection of filters applied to the object and template spectra before cross correlation, we have found that reasonable object/template mismatches in spectral type and rotation velocity typically produce systematic errors of less than 1 km s-1. Sequentially repeated observations show that root-mean-square measurement errors of better than 1 km s-1 can be achieved for narrow-lined stars and better than 2 km s-1 for rapid rotators. In practice, over several years of observing, root-mean-square measurement errors of 1-3 km s-1 are typical. In terms of measurement precision at a given signal-to-noise, the performance of the lambda 3787 angstrom region is superior to that of the lambda 4073 angstrom region for stars with large v sin i. Observations of early type members of the Pleiades and alpha Persei open clusters establish that our radial-velocity zero point for the early type stars is consistent with that for late-type stars to about 1 km s-1. Observations of candidate early type radial-velocity standards are also presented. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. RP MORSE, JA (reprint author), UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CB 3255 PHILLIPS HALL,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599, USA. NR 25 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD APR PY 1991 VL 101 IS 4 BP 1495 EP 1510 DI 10.1086/115782 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FE097 UT WOS:A1991FE09700030 ER PT J AU HUCHRA, JP BRODIE, JP KENT, SM AF HUCHRA, JP BRODIE, JP KENT, SM TI EXTRAGALACTIC GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS .2. THE M31 GLOBULAR-CLUSTER SYSTEM SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE CLUSTERS; GLOBULAR; GALAXIES; ABUNDANCES; GALAXIES; INDIVIDUAL (M31); GALAXIES; INTERNAL MOTIONS; GALAXIES; STELLAR CONTENT ID GALAXY; DYNAMICS; METALLICITY; ROTATION; MASSES; SEARCH; DISK; M87 AB We derive metallicities for 150 globular clusters associated with M31, using the strengths of six absorption features in the cluster integrated spectra. The properties of the M31 cluster system are very similar to those of the Milky Way system. We find no dependence of metallicity on cluster luminosity. The number distribution as a function of metallicity is consistent with that of Milky Way clusters. There is evidence for a weak metallicity gradient as a function of projected radius. The mean metallicity [Fe/H] is equal to -1.2, slightly higher than the mean for the Milky Way system. The distinction between the rotation of the metal-rich and metal-poor clusters is most apparent in the inner 2 kpc. Inside that radius the high-metallicity M31 clusters appear to form a central rotating disk. At large radii, the cluster system appears to be rotating with a semiamplitude of 60 +/- 14 km s-1; outside 10' there appears to be no distinction in the rotation of the metal-poor and metal-rich clusters. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,LICK OBSERV,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. RP HUCHRA, JP (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 48 TC 197 Z9 199 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 1991 VL 370 IS 2 BP 495 EP 504 DI 10.1086/169836 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FB172 UT WOS:A1991FB17200005 ER PT J AU CALDWELL, N KENNICUTT, R PHILLIPS, AC SCHOMMER, RA AF CALDWELL, N KENNICUTT, R PHILLIPS, AC SCHOMMER, RA TI A STUDY OF STAR FORMATION IN THE DISKS OF SA GALAXIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES; STELLAR CONTENT; NEBULAE; H-II REGIONS; STARS; FORMATION ID SOMBRERO GALAXY; SPIRAL GALAXIES; REGION POPULATIONS; HII-REGIONS; EVOLUTION; CLUSTERS; GAS; HISTORY; RATIO AB This paper presents an observational study of H II regions in seven Sa galaxies. The data consist of narrow-band H-alpha Fabry-Perot images and broad-band CCD images. The Fabry-Perot data allow us to measure luminosities of about 1000 H II regions in the Sa's, some as faint as 10(36) ergs s-1. The broad-band UBV measurements confirm expectations that the knots associated with the H II regions are very blue; the converse is also true. Luminosity functions of both H II regions and star clusters are computed. The H II region luminosity functions for Sa's are very steep, with few or no regions with L(H-alpha) > 10(39) ergs s-1. We discuss the probability that the initial mass function in Sa's is not significantly different from that in later type galaxies. The total H-alpha luminosities for the galaxies are computed and used to derive the current star formation rates. We find that, in contrast to the later type galaxies, the current star formation rates in Sa disks are less than one-tenth of the average rate over the last 15 billion years. Because of those low rates, the formal depletion times of gas through star formation are longer than a Hubble time, despite the low gas densities. Thus, if the star formation in late-type galaxies takes on the character of that currently seen in the Sa's (once the gas density in the former galaxies drops below the appropriate threshold value), star formation in the late-type galaxies could continue for much longer than the usual estimate of 5 Gyr. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,STEWARD OBSERV,TUCSON,AZ 85721. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT ASTRON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. RP CALDWELL, N (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,FL WHIPPLE OBSERV,POB 97,AMADO,AZ 85645, USA. NR 35 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 1991 VL 370 IS 2 BP 526 EP & DI 10.1086/169839 PN 1 PG 0 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FB172 UT WOS:A1991FB17200008 ER PT J AU AUFDERHEIDE, MB BARON, E THIELEMANN, FK AF AUFDERHEIDE, MB BARON, E THIELEMANN, FK TI SHOCK-WAVES AND NUCLEOSYNTHESIS IN TYPE-II SUPERNOVAE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; SHOCK WAVES; STARS; SUPERNOVAE ID MASSIVE STARS; EVOLUTION AB In the study of nucleosynthesis in Type II supernovae, shock waves are initiated artificially, since collapse calculations do not, as yet, give self-consistent shock waves strong enough to produce the supernova explosion. We study the two different initiation methods currently used by light-curve modelers. In particular, we focus on the peak temperatures and the nucleosynthetic yields in each method. We discuss the various parameters involved in artificially initiating a shock wave and examine the effects of varying these parameters. We discuss the implications of this for the total nickel mass ejected from the star, the primary observable, as well as the general nucleosynthesis pattern of intermediate-mass elements, emerging from the explosion. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP AUFDERHEIDE, MB (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PHYS,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. RI Baron, Edward/A-9041-2009 OI Baron, Edward/0000-0001-5393-1608 NR 19 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 1991 VL 370 IS 2 BP 630 EP 642 DI 10.1086/169849 PN 1 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FB172 UT WOS:A1991FB17200018 ER PT J AU KALLMAN, TR RAYMOND, JC VRTILEK, SD AF KALLMAN, TR RAYMOND, JC VRTILEK, SD TI THE ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTRUM OF SCORPIUS X-1 AS OBSERVED BY IUE - 1978-1988 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE STARS; ACCRETION; STARS; INDIVIDUAL (SCORPIUS X-1); ULTRAVIOLET; SPECTRA; X-RAY; BINARIES ID COMPTON HEATED WINDS; X-RAY BINARIES; ACCRETION DISKS; BLACK-HOLES; CORONAE; SYSTEMS AB The IUE observations of Sco X-1 taken prior to 1988 September are summarized. These data are tested for variability associated with orbital motion and for correlations between the various observables. The continuum spectra are fitted to simple models for accretion disk atmospheres which demonstrate that X-ray heating dominates the outer regions of the accretion disk. Various scenarios for producing the observed line strengths and ratios are discussed. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP KALLMAN, TR (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYS LAB,CODE 665,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA. NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 1991 VL 370 IS 2 BP 717 EP 729 DI 10.1086/169855 PN 1 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FB172 UT WOS:A1991FB17200024 ER PT J AU BAHCALL, JN PRESS, WH AF BAHCALL, JN PRESS, WH TI SOLAR-CYCLE MODULATION OF EVENT RATES IN THE CHLORINE SOLAR NEUTRINO EXPERIMENT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE NEUTRINOS; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; SUN; ACTIVITY ID SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; TIME VARIATIONS; LEAST-SQUARES; SPACED DATA; FLUX; OSCILLATIONS; DETECTOR; SUN; NUMBER; MATTER AB The Ar-37 production rate in the Homestake solar neutrino experiment is anticorrelated (significance level of parts in 10(5)) with solar activity (as measured by sunspot number) in the second two-thirds of the data, approximately 1977-1989; no significant correlation is substantiated in the first third of the data, 1970-1977. The shape of the Ar-37 production rate is different from the inverted sunspot activity curve. The Ar-37 production rate is better described by a skewed sawtooth function than by the sunspot number; the best-fitting sawtooth function with the sunspot period has a slow rise and a rapid decline. The Ar-37 maximum occurs approximately 1.5 yr after the solar sunspot minimum, while minimum Ar-37 production is more nearly simultaneous with the sunspot maximum. The Fourier spectrum of the Ar-37 data has no feature that is more significant than 50%, between 0.3 and 3 cycles per year. A sinusoidal modulation of 25% would probably have been detected, while a sinusoidal modulation of 35% would exceed the observed signal 95% of the time. The average event rates in the first third and last two-thirds of the data are statistically compatible, 2.0 +/- 0.35 SNU and 2.1 +/- 0.2 SNU, respectively (1-sigma-errors). The two segments differ significantly in their best-estimate constant component. However, a small (0.1 SNU) constant component, which fits best the second two-thirds, is marginally allowable for the first one-third at the extreme of its 95% confidence interval. Fitting the second two-thirds of the data to a model of a constant plus a time-variable sawtooth function yields an underlying best-estimate constant signal of 0.1 SNU, and a 95% upper limit of 0.9 SNU. Fitting all the data to a pure time-dependent sawtooth function gives a peak rate of 3.9 SNU. The variable event rate could in principle be due to slow drifts in the experimental sensitivity or to an unrecognized background in the chlorine solar neutrino experiment, one that is modulated by the solar cycle. We are unable to identify any plausible process to account for either possibility. If the correct explanation of the variability does involve unidentified drifts or backgrounds, then other solar neutrino experiments, including Kamiokande II, the gallium experiments, and the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, will not exhibit the same modulation as observed in the Homestake chlorine experiment, since each experiment has a unique environment and detection scheme. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP BAHCALL, JN (reprint author), INST ADV STUDY,OLDEN LANE,PRINCETON,NJ 08540, USA. NR 42 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 1991 VL 370 IS 2 BP 730 EP 742 DI 10.1086/169856 PN 1 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FB172 UT WOS:A1991FB17200025 ER PT J AU HERANT, M BENZ, W AF HERANT, M BENZ, W TI HYDRODYNAMICAL INSTABILITIES AND MIXING IN SN-1987A - 2-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS OF THE 1ST 3 MONTHS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE HYDRODYNAMICS; STARS, SUPERNOVAE ID GAMMA-RAY LINE; SUPERNOVA 1987A; X-RAY; LIGHT-CURVE; EMISSION; RESOLUTION; DISCOVERY; BEHAVIOR AB We present results from numerical simulations of the early stages of the explosion of SN 1987A. Using a two-dimensional cylindrical geometry version of a smooth particle hydrodynamics code, we follow the explosion for 3 months to investigate both early hydrodynamical instabilities and the effect of the subsequent radioactive decay of Ni-56 and Co-56 with half-lives of 6.1 and 77.8 days, respectively. We show that the mixing induced by hydrodynamical instabilities occurring during the first few hours is substantially modified at later time by the radioactive decay of Ni-56 and Co-56. The inner cavity of the expanding supernova remnant fills up with nickel and its decay products thus forming a giant "nickel bubble." The peak velocity of the nickel increases by approximately 30% after the decays. While these results adequately model the core of the observed Fe line profiles, they fail to reproduce the high velocity wings of the spectra. RP HERANT, M (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 33 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 1991 VL 370 IS 2 BP L81 EP & DI 10.1086/185982 PN 2 PG 0 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FB173 UT WOS:A1991FB17300007 ER PT J AU ROGERS, RD FIELD, GB AF ROGERS, RD FIELD, GB TI COMPTON REFLECTION IN ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI AND THE COSMIC X-RAY-BACKGROUND SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE COSMIC BACKGROUND RADIATION; X-RAYS, SOURCES ID EMISSION; GALAXIES; SPECTRUM; EVOLUTION; DISCRETE AB In this Letter we discuss further the model of Fabian et al. for the cosmic X-ray background (XRB) spectrum, in which the emission is due to AGNs at large redshifts. Each AGN emits a power-law spectrum modified by Compton reflection from cold gas. We find that the model provides an excellent fit to the XRB from 3 to 500 keV if the sources radiate from a maximum redshift of at least 3.75, if their comoving emissivity varies like (1 + z)beta, with beta between 1.8 and 3.3, and if the intrinsic power-law energy index is between 0.9 and 1.2. About 90% of the power-law radiation in each AGN must be processed by Compton reflection. The model predicts that the intensity of the XRB below 3 keV is significantly above that extrapolated from observations above 3 keV, without requiring contributions from other types of source. RP ROGERS, RD (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 31 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 1991 VL 370 IS 2 BP L57 EP L60 DI 10.1086/185976 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FB173 UT WOS:A1991FB17300001 ER PT J AU ZIMMERMAN, JK AF ZIMMERMAN, JK TI ECOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF LABILE SEX EXPRESSION IN THE ORCHID CATASETUM-VIRIDIFLAVUM SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CATASETUM; COST OF REPRODUCTION; ENVIRONMENTAL SEX DETERMINATION; DIPHASY; EPIPHYTE; GENDER DYNAMICS; NEOTROPICS; ORCHIDACEAE; PANAMA; SEX CHANGE; SEX RATIO ID IN-THE-PULPIT; FRUIT PRODUCTION; ARISAEMA-TRIPHYLLUM; NEOTROPICAL ORCHID; PLANTS; GENDER; EVOLUTION; FLOWER; RATIO; LIMITATIONS AB Patterns of sex expression were studied in a natural population of the epiphytic orchid Catasetum viridiflavum on Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama. Data on gender and flowering frequency were collected for 2 yr from 186 orchids occurring in both young (70-100 yr old) and mature forests. The distribution of phenotypic gender ratio was strongly bimodal in the population, and sex ratios were significantly affected by forest age. In the young forest the sex ratio was significantly female biased, while the sex ratio in the mature forest was statistically indistinguishable from 1:1. Gender in C. viridiflavum is largely determined by light intensity. Females occurred most frequently in open canopies, and males predominated in closed canopies. Experimental shading of developing inflorescences of well-illuminated plants duplicated this pattern, suggesting sex expression is controlled by cues received by the developing inflorescence. Small, but significant effects of plant size on gender were also detected. Forty-two percent of plants occurred on dead, decaying wood (mostly standing dead trees), while the remainder occurred on live trees. Substrate type and canopy openness are correlated because dead trees present no canopy to shade epiphytes on them. Differences in sex ratio due to forest type resulted from a more frequent occurrence of plants on standing dead trees in the young vs. the mature forest. Theory for the evolution of environmental sex determination (ESD) assumes that environment affects reproductive success (RS), but that the relationship between RS and environment is different for males and females. Light availability and substrate were investigated for their effects on two components of RS, flowering frequency and vegetative growth. C. viridiflavum on dead, decaying wood flowered more often than those on live trees, but no significant effect due to canopy openness was detected. The influence of substrate and light availability on estimated rates of vegetative growth varied from year to year, but increased rates were associated with either dead, decaying wood or high light intensities in at least 1 yr. Thus, explanations for the evolution of ESD in C. viridiflavum must include potential effects of both substrate type and light environment on male and female RS. Plants growing on dead, decaying wood in an open habitat that produced fruit exhibited reduced vegetative growth compared to nonfruiting plants, indicating there is long-term cost to fruit production in C. viridiflavum. In forest habitats, females setting fruit on live trees did not flower in the following year. Most nonfruiting females on this substrate type, as well as fruiting and nonfruiting plants on dead trees, flowered in the following year. Although samples sizes supporting this pattern were small, it is consistent with the hypothesis that sex differences in costs of reproduction in response to changes in substrate (and correlated changes in light availability) may explain the evolution of ESD in C. viridiflavum. RP ZIMMERMAN, JK (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR, POB 28, EDGEWATER, MD 21037 USA. NR 64 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 3 U2 13 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD APR PY 1991 VL 72 IS 2 BP 597 EP 608 DI 10.2307/2937200 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FE248 UT WOS:A1991FE24800018 ER PT J AU WELLER, DE AF WELLER, DE TI THE SELF-THINNING RULE - DEAD OR UNSUPPORTED - A REPLY SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Note ID PLANT-POPULATIONS; SIZE RP WELLER, DE (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,POB 28,EDGEWATER,MD 21037, USA. NR 19 TC 38 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD APR PY 1991 VL 72 IS 2 BP 747 EP 750 DI 10.2307/2937216 PG 4 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FE248 UT WOS:A1991FE24800034 ER PT J AU LOWRY, MS STEWART, BS HEATH, CB YOCHEM, PK FRANCIS, JM AF LOWRY, MS STEWART, BS HEATH, CB YOCHEM, PK FRANCIS, JM TI SEASONAL AND ANNUAL VARIABILITY IN THE DIET OF CALIFORNIA SEA LIONS ZALOPHUS-CALIFORNIANUS AT SAN-NICOLAS-ISLAND, CALIFORNIA, 1981-86 SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID ROGUE RIVER; PREY; OREGON; HABITS C1 HUBBS MARINE RES CTR,SEA WORLD RES INST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92109. FULLERTON COLL,FULLERTON,CA 92634. SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. RP LOWRY, MS (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SW FISHERIES SCI CTR,POB 271,LA JOLLA,CA 92038, USA. NR 25 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 SN 0090-0656 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PD APR PY 1991 VL 89 IS 2 BP 331 EP 336 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA FR767 UT WOS:A1991FR76700014 ER PT J AU BOSMA, AA DEHAAN, NA BLOUCH, RA MACDONALD, AA AF BOSMA, AA DEHAAN, NA BLOUCH, RA MACDONALD, AA TI COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETIC STUDIES IN SUS-VERRUCOSUS, SUS-CELEBENSIS AND SUS-SCROFA-VITTATUS (SUIDAE, MAMMALIA) SO GENETICA LA English DT Article ID PATTERNS AB Chromosome studies on the Javan warty pig (Sus verrucosus), the Sulawesi warty pig (S. celebensis) and a subspecies of the wild boar, S. scrofa vittatus, have revealed diploid chromosome numbers of 38. The morphology and C-band size of chromosome 10 are different in S. verrucosus and the two other species. Both S. verrucosus and S. celebensis have a Y chromosome that is larger than the Y chromosome of domestic and wild S. scrofa, and is submetacentric rather than metacentric. There are differences between all three species in the G-banding pattern of the long arm of the Y chromosome. The presence of 2n = 38 chromosomes in the Javan warty pig and the Sulawesi warty pig provides new strong evidence that the basic chromosome number in the genus Sus is 38. The differences in karyotype between these pigs (chromosome 10 and the Y chromosome) confirm that they are separate species. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,CONSERVAT & RES CTR,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630. UNIV EDINBURGH,DEPT PRECLIN VET SCI,EDINBURGH EH9 1QH,MIDLOTHIAN,SCOTLAND. RP BOSMA, AA (reprint author), STATE UNIV UTRECHT,FAC VET MED,DEPT CELL BIOL & HISTOL,POB 80157,3508 TD UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS. FU Wellcome Trust NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-6707 J9 GENETICA JI Genetica PD APR PY 1991 VL 83 IS 3 BP 189 EP 194 DI 10.1007/BF00126224 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA FR636 UT WOS:A1991FR63600003 PM 1879688 ER PT J AU COVAULT, CE GRINDLAY, JE MANANDHAR, RP BRAGA, J AF COVAULT, CE GRINDLAY, JE MANANDHAR, RP BRAGA, J TI TECHNIQUES FOR REMOVING NONUNIFORM BACKGROUND IN CODED-APERTURE IMAGING ON THE ENERGETIC X-RAY-IMAGING TELESCOPE EXPERIMENT SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID EXITE AB The coded-aperture technique for reconstructing images for a position-sensitive detector looking through a stationary URA mask requires that the background illumination be distributed uniformly across the surface of the detector. Non-uniformities in the background are typical of balloon and space-borne detectors, and introduce large artifacts into the reconstructed image, with a subsequent loss of signal-to-noise. Here we describe a technique, employed for the Energetic X-ray Imaging Telescope Experiment (EXITE) to remove the systematic effects of non-uniform background. We explore the time dependence of intensity and two-dimensional shape of the background detector image during the flight. We construct a "flat field" image from observations where x-ray sources were absent from the field of view. We demonstrate that this technique can successfully reduce RMS fluctuations to within a few percent of ideal Poisson statistics. RP COVAULT, CE (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD APR PY 1991 VL 38 IS 2 BP 591 EP 596 DI 10.1109/23.289362 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA FK173 UT WOS:A1991FK17300095 ER PT J AU MEGGERS, BJ AF MEGGERS, BJ TI THE FATE OF THE FOREST - DEVELOPERS, DESTROYERS, AND DEFENDERS OF THE AMAZON - HECHT,S, COCKBURN,A SO JOURNAL OF DEVELOPING AREAS LA English DT Book Review RP MEGGERS, BJ (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WESTERN ILLINOIS UNIV PI MACOMB PA 900 WEST ADAMS ST, MACOMB, IL 61455 SN 0022-037X J9 J DEV AREAS JI J. Dev. Areas PD APR PY 1991 VL 25 IS 3 BP 450 EP 450 PG 1 WC Area Studies; Economics; Planning & Development; Political Science SC Area Studies; Business & Economics; Public Administration; Government & Law GA FQ296 UT WOS:A1991FQ29600017 ER PT J AU SCHIEWE, MC BUSH, M PHILLIPS, LG CITINO, S WILDT, DE AF SCHIEWE, MC BUSH, M PHILLIPS, LG CITINO, S WILDT, DE TI COMPARATIVE ASPECTS OF ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION, OVULATION INDUCTION, AND EMBRYO CRYOPRESERVATION IN THE SCIMITAR-HORNED ORYX, BONGO, ELAND, AND GREATER KUDU SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSES; SUPER-OVULATION; MOUSE EMBRYOS; BEEF-CATTLE; COWS; GONADOTROPIN; CORTISOL; HORMONE; SHEEP AB Comparative studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of estrus synchronization, ovulation induction, nonsurgical embryo collection, and cryopreservation procedures in the scimitar-horned oryx (Oryx dammah), bongo (Tragelaphus euryceros), eland (Taurotragus oryx), and greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros). In the scimitar-horned oryx, a 6-alpha-methyl-17-alpha-acetoxyprogesterone (MAP) pessary vs. prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2-alpha) estrus synchronization treatment was compared; only PGF2-alpha was tested in the other species. Ovarian responsiveness to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH-P, b.i.d. for 5 days) or pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG, single injection) was evaluated in all species. MAP and PGF2-alpha were equally effective (P < 0.05) for synchronizing estrus in scimitar-horned oryx. Signs of estrus, including mounting, were observed in 15 of 33 (45.4%) oryx donors, but copulation was observed on only 8 occasions. Mean number of CL/ovulating bongo and eland female was enhanced (P < 0.05) by FSH-P compared to PMSG (4.5 +/- 1.8 vs. 1.3 +/- 0.3 CL/bongo and 10.6 +/- 4.6 vs 1.0 +/- 0.6 CL/eland, respectively) treatment. The difference in mean (+/- SEM) CL number between FSH-P and PMSG-treated oryx donors approached significance (4.6 +/- 1.6 vs. 2.7 +/- 0.8, respectively; P = 0.08). Embryos and ova were recovered nonsurgically from 10 of 19 (52.6%) of the ovulating oryx, 9 of 10 (90%) bongo, 6 of 10 (60%) eland, and both (100%) greater kudu. A high proportion (60%) of cryopreserved oryx embryos maintained an excellent- or good-quality grade (QG) after thawing. A higher proportion (P < 0.05) of embryos frozen in 1.5 M dimethyl sulfoxide (6 of 10) or 1.5 M glycerol (6 of 10) solutions maintained their prefreeze QG compared to the propylene glycol counterparts (3 of 10). The transfer of thawed embryos to synchronized oryx recipients (n = 9) resulted in no pregnancies. Conventional techniques for synchronizing ovarian activity, inducing ovulation, and flushing the uterine content of farm livestock largely are adaptive to these African antelope species. However, the overall efficiency of these strategies for consistently promoting superovulation and large numbers of embryos is relatively low. For these species, the primary limitations to effective embryo recovery and transfer appear to be: 1) a lack of estrous behavior which contributes to a low incidence of mating and, thus, poor fertilization and recipient synchrony, and 2) a resilience of the ovaries to conventional gonadotropic preparations. C1 METROPOLITAN MIAMI ZOO,MIAMI,FL 33177. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP SCHIEWE, MC (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0022-104X J9 J EXP ZOOL JI J. Exp. Zool. PD APR PY 1991 VL 258 IS 1 BP 75 EP 88 DI 10.1002/jez.1402580109 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA FJ406 UT WOS:A1991FJ40600008 ER PT J AU CHANCE, KV JENNINGS, DA EVENSON, KM VANEK, MD NOLT, IG RADOSTITZ, JV PARK, K AF CHANCE, KV JENNINGS, DA EVENSON, KM VANEK, MD NOLT, IG RADOSTITZ, JV PARK, K TI PRESSURE BROADENING OF THE 118.455 CM-1 ROTATIONAL LINES OF OH BY H-2, HE, N2, AND O2 SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID BEAM ELECTRIC RESONANCE; HYDROXYL; SPECTRUM; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITIONS; OD; CO C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC. NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,HAMPTON,VA 23665. UNIV OREGON,DEPT PHYS,EUGENE,OR 97403. RP CHANCE, KV (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. OI Chance, Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577 NR 20 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD APR PY 1991 VL 146 IS 2 BP 375 EP 380 DI 10.1016/0022-2852(91)90012-Y PG 6 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA FD466 UT WOS:A1991FD46600012 ER PT J AU DURDEN, LA WILSON, N AF DURDEN, LA WILSON, N TI PARASITIC AND PHORETIC ARTHROPODS OF SYLVATIC AND COMMENSAL WHITE-FOOTED MICE (PEROMYSCUS-LEUCOPUS) IN CENTRAL TENNESSEE, WITH NOTES ON LYME-DISEASE SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DERMACENTOR-VARIABILIS; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; UNITED-STATES; ACARI; IXODIDAE; MAMMALS; TICKS AB Sixteen species of parasitic or phoretic arthropods were collected from 56 white-footed mice, Peromyscus leucopus, live-trapped in central Tennessee from April through November 1987. Arthropod infestation was compared for mice taken from sylvatic (woodland) versus commensal (household) habitats. Three species were recorded from hosts in both habitats: the sucking louse Hoplopleura hesperomydis, the flea Epitedia wenmanni, and the laelapid mite Androlaelaps casalis. Twelve of the 13 remaining arthropod species were taken only from mice trapped in woodland whereas the phoretic glycyphagid mite Glycyphagus hypudaei was collected only from commensal mice. Arthropod faunas on commensal hosts clearly were impoverished. The 12 additional arthropod species recorded from the woodland mice consisted of 1 nidicolous beetle, Leptinus orientamericanus; 1 bot, Cuterebra fontinella; 3 fleas, Ctenophthalmus pseudagyrtes, Orchopeas leucopus and Peromyscopsylla scotti; 1 tick, Dermacentor variabilis; 2 mesostigmatid mites, Androlaelaps fahrenholzi and Ornithonyssus bacoti; 3 chiggers, Comatacarus americanus, Euschoengastia peromysci, and Leptotrombidium peromysci; and 1 undescribed pygmephorid mite of the genus Pygmephorus. Two nymphal and 100 larval D. variabilis were examined for spirochetes and found to be uninfected. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,MUSEUM SUPPORT CTR,DEPT ENTOMOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD APR PY 1991 VL 77 IS 2 BP 219 EP 223 DI 10.2307/3283085 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA FF704 UT WOS:A1991FF70400009 PM 2010854 ER PT J AU ISHII, T AF ISHII, T TI LAVA-FLOW AND SUBVOLCANIC MAGMA RESERVOIR COMPOSITION TRENDS IN THE CA-POOR PYROXENES OF HAKONE VOLCANO, JAPAN SO JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PIGEONITE; AUGITE; BAR AB The temperatures at which pigeonite began to crystallize in tholeiitic basalts and andesite of Hakone volcano range from 1123 to 1019-degrees-C based on the three-pyroxene geothermometer of Ishii (1975). These values are lower than the temperatures of other tholeiitic magmas of similar solidification index, such as the magmas of Funagata-yama, O-shima, and Akita-komagatake volcanoes and the Skaergaard intrusion. The cores of Ca-poor pyroxene phenocrysts formed in the Hakone subvolcanic magma reservoir are invariably orthopyroxene; the groundmass and microphenocryst pyroxenes crystallized inthe lava during ascent and extrusion of magma are generally pigeonite, but orthopyroxene is also present occasionally. The subvolcanic temperature-composition path [T - X(Fe) path; X(Fe) = Fe/(Mg + Fe), atomic ratio] of the Ca-poor pyroxenes does not interest the pigeonite eutectoid reaction line (PER-line) of Ishii & Takeda (1974), whereas the lava-flow paths characteristically intersect it at X(Fe) values between 0.31 and 0.52. These two different kinds of T - X(Fe) paths may be interpreted as reflecting different solidus temperatures, and the content of volatiles, particularly water, appears to be the controlling factor. It is suggested that the water content of the magma increased because of fractional crystallization of anhydrous minerals from a relatively hydrous magma in the subvolcanic reservoir; then each erupted batch of the fractionated magma had its water content lowered by degassing as it ascended to the volcano. Pigeonite is common in the groundmass of basaltic rocks throughout the world, both extrusive and intrusive, but it is rare as phenocrysts in the former, a feature that may also be explained by the different solidus temperatures. Calc-alkali rocks in Hakone volcano appear to be derived by fractionation of hydrous tholeiitic magma. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT MINERAL SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0022-3530 J9 J PETROL JI J. Petrol. PD APR PY 1991 VL 32 IS 2 BP 429 EP 450 PG 22 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA FK143 UT WOS:A1991FK14300007 ER PT J AU LOWRY, GD AF LOWRY, GD TI THE ARTS OF PERSIA - FERRIER,RW SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ORIENTAL SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review RP LOWRY, GD (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ORIENTAL SOCIETY PI ANN ARBOR PA HARLAN HATCHER GRADUATE LIB UNIV OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-1205 SN 0003-0279 J9 J AM ORIENTAL SOC JI J. Am. Orient. Soc. PD APR-JUN PY 1991 VL 111 IS 2 BP 400 EP 401 DI 10.2307/604046 PG 2 WC Asian Studies SC Asian Studies GA FZ665 UT WOS:A1991FZ66500033 ER PT J AU MCLAUGHLIN, BM GILLAN, CJ BURKE, PG DAHLER, JS AF MCLAUGHLIN, BM GILLAN, CJ BURKE, PG DAHLER, JS TI LOW-ENERGY ELECTRON COLLISIONS WITH HE-2+ MOLECULES SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article ID LASER-ASSISTED IONIZATION; PROGRAM; CURVES; STATES; EQUATIONS; ATOMS; HE AB The R-matrix method is used in an ab initio study of low energy elastic scattering by He2+ molecular ions. SCF and correlated CI wavefunctions have been used in a two tate approximation, which retains the lowest two states, 2-SIGMA-u+ and 2-SIGMA-g+, of the He-2+ molecular ion in the scattering basis. Cross section calculations have been performed at two fixed internuclear separations, 1.8 and 2.0625 alpha-0. At the equilibrium bond separation we have detected and fitted the lowest lying np-sigma-3-SIGMA-u+ resonances in the 3-SIGMA-U+ scattering symmetry. In addition, bound state calculations have also been carried out for the He-2 (1-sigma-g(2)1-sigma-u2s a3-SIGMA-u+) state at these two internuclear separations and are seen to compare favorably with MCSCF and SOCI results. C1 QUEENS UNIV BELFAST, DEPT APPL MATH & THEORET PHYS, BELFAST BT7 1NN, ANTRIM, NORTH IRELAND. UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT CHEM, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. RP MCLAUGHLIN, BM (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, INST THEORET ATOM & MOLEC PHYS, 60 GARDEN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD APR PY 1991 VL 53 IS 4 BP 518 EP 530 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(91)95432-D PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA FP552 UT WOS:A1991FP55200025 ER PT J AU MANN, RW TSAKNIS, PJ AF MANN, RW TSAKNIS, PJ TI CORTICAL DEFECTS IN THE MANDIBULAR SULCUS SO ORAL SURGERY ORAL MEDICINE ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL RADIOLOGY AND ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID BONE CAVITY AB Examination of 5366 dry mandibles at the Smithsonian Institution revealed three cases of unilateral lingual defects superior to the mandibular foramen. The differential diagnosis includes a neuroma, neurolemmoma, hemangioma, or aneurysm of the inferior alveolar artery. The clinical significance of a vascular neoplasm or aneurysm would be the likelihood of increasing the risk of injecting the anesthetic solution directly into a blood vessel. C1 HOWARD UNIV,COLL DENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20059. RP MANN, RW (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT ANTHROPOL,MAIL STOP 112,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 1079-2104 J9 ORAL SURG ORAL MED O JI Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod. PD APR PY 1991 VL 71 IS 4 BP 514 EP 516 DI 10.1016/0030-4220(91)90443-G PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA FG601 UT WOS:A1991FG60100026 PM 2052341 ER PT J AU DU, ML DALGARNO, A AF DU, ML DALGARNO, A TI ARTIFICIAL-CHANNEL METHOD FOR MULTICHANNEL-DECAY-RESONANCE ENERGIES AND WIDTHS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID STATES; DISSOCIATION; COLLISIONS; DYNAMICS; O2 AB In the artificial-channel method, an N-channel Hamiltonian describing the multichannel decay of a system is embedded in an (N + 1)-channel Hamiltonian. The resonance energies and partial widths of the original N-channel physical problem are related simply to the parameters in the Lorentzian forms of the inelastic-scattering probabilities of the (N + 1)-channel problem, the artificial-channel method permitting a straightforward study of a half-collision process with algorithms developed for full scattering processes. The utility of the method is demonstrated numerically for a model problem of Child and Lefebvre [Mol. Phys. 34, 379 (1977)]. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD APR 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 7 BP 3474 EP 3477 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.3474 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA FG216 UT WOS:A1991FG21600029 ER PT J AU BASHKIN, S TRABERT, E THIEDE, DA SERCEL, PC LIN, PC LI, ML JENKINS, DG SHEMANSKY, DE WELLS, K BRUCH, R FULLING, S DEWITT, D AF BASHKIN, S TRABERT, E THIEDE, DA SERCEL, PC LIN, PC LI, ML JENKINS, DG SHEMANSKY, DE WELLS, K BRUCH, R FULLING, S DEWITT, D TI EXCITATION OF NITROGEN BY FAST H-3+ IONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID EMISSION CROSS-SECTIONS; ELECTRON-IMPACT; MOLECULAR NITROGEN; LYMAN-ALPHA; N-2; SPECTRUM; TRANSITION; COLLISIONS; N2; FRAGMENTATION AB The visible spectrum emitted from N2 under bombardment by 1-MeV H3+ ions has been studied with higher spectral resolution (linewidths down to 0.01 nm) than employed in comparable earlier work. The light yield versus gas pressure has been investigated in the 2-225-mTorr range (0.3-30 Pa) for a number of prominent spectral features attributed to atomic ions and to neutral and ionic molecules. The pressure functions are interpreted in terms of the constituents of the composite projectile. A considerable kinetic broadening observed for emission from N+, but not for other radiators, corroborates findings by Aarts and de Heer [Physica 52, 45 (1971), using electron impact] that this excited species results from the breakup of highly excited N2+ ions into electronically excited ionic fragments. C1 RUHR UNIV BOCHUM,W-4630 BOCHUM 1,GERMANY. UNIV ARIZONA,LUNAR & PLANETARY LAB,TUCSON,AZ 85721. UNIV NEVADA,DEPT PHYS,RENO,NV 89557. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP BASHKIN, S (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT PHYS,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. NR 74 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD APR 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 7 BP 3553 EP 3562 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.3553 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA FG216 UT WOS:A1991FG21600040 ER PT J AU THOMPSON, FC AF THOMPSON, FC TI THE FLOWER FLY GENUS ORNIDIA (DIPTERA, SYRPHIDAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE KEY; PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS; NEOTROPICAL AB The flower fly genus Ornidia (Diptera: Syrphidae) is revised. The genus is redescribed; a key to species is presented; the phylogenetic relationships of the genus and species are hypothesized; the included species are redescribed; with a new species, white-headi, described from Panama (type) and Colombia; and the critical characters are illustrated. RP THOMPSON, FC (reprint author), USDA,ARS,SMITHSONIAN INST,SYSTEMAT ENTOMOL LAB,NHB 168,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 1991 VL 93 IS 2 BP 248 EP 261 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA FR510 UT WOS:A1991FR51000006 ER PT J AU STEINER, WE AF STEINER, WE TI BRANCHUS-WHITEHEADI, NEW SPECIES, FROM SOUTHERN TEXAS, WITH NOTES ON THE GENUS BRANCHUS (COLEOPTERA, TENEBRIONIDAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE COLEOPTERA; TENEBRIONIDAE; BRANCHUS; NORTH AMERICA; CENTRAL AMERICA; WEST-INDIES; ISLAND BIOGEOGRAPHY AB A new species, Branchus whiteheadi Steiner (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae; Tentyriinae), is described from southern Texas, U.S.A. It is illustrated and compared with its nearest known congener, the Mexican species with which it has been confused, B. opatroides Champion. Notes are given on habitats, distributions, characters, and future studies of Branchus species. RP STEINER, WE (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT ENTOMOL,NHB 169,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 1991 VL 93 IS 2 BP 425 EP 432 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA FR510 UT WOS:A1991FR51000020 ER PT J AU MOLELLA, AP AF MOLELLA, AP TI THE MUSEUM THAT MIGHT HAVE BEEN - THE SMITHSONIANS-NATIONAL-MUSEUM-OF-ENGINEERING-AND-INDUSTRY SO TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE LA English DT Article RP MOLELLA, AP (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL MUSEUM AMER HIST,DEPT HIST SCI & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 58 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0040-165X J9 TECHNOL CULT JI Technol. Cult. PD APR PY 1991 VL 32 IS 2 BP 237 EP 263 DI 10.2307/3105710 PG 27 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA FQ874 UT WOS:A1991FQ87400001 ER PT J AU CORBIN, DR ABRAMS, L JONES, GA HARLOW, RL DUNN, PJ AF CORBIN, DR ABRAMS, L JONES, GA HARLOW, RL DUNN, PJ TI FLEXIBILITY OF THE ZEOLITE RHO FRAMEWORK - EFFECT OF DEHYDRATION ON THE CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE OF THE BERYLLOPHOSPHATE MINERAL, PAHASAPAITE SO ZEOLITES LA English DT Article DE PAHASAPAITE; RHO; ZEOLITE RHO; X-RAY SINGLE-CRYSTAL DIFFRACTION; BERYLLIUM PHOSPHATE AB Pahasapaite, a hydrated beryllophosphate mineral (Ca5.5Li3.6K1.2Na0.2 open square box 13.5)Li8Be24P24O96.38 H2O, has a distorted cubic, zeolite RHO-type structure with a = 13.781 angstrom. On dehydration, the structure distorts further to give a cell with a = 13.100(3) angstrom. As with the aluminosilicate RHO framework, Li+ is associated with the 6-ring sites and Ca2+ is sited in the double 8-ring sites, leading to severe distortion of the double 8-rings. The double 8-rings consist of elliptically distorted single 8-rings orthogonal to each other and the degree of their distortion can be described by the DELTA/a parameter, where DELTA is one-half the difference between the major and minor axes of these elliptical 8-rings and a is the cell edge. This parameter, DELTA/a, varies from 0 to 0.178 for the aluminosilicate system, but is 0.201 for the dehydrated pahasapaite mineral. This is clearly the greatest distortion yet observed for this framework. This combination of new framework chemistries (Be/P/O vs. Si/Al/O) and the increased distortion is being examined by theory and experiment with respect to the effect on guest molecules. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT MINERAL SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP CORBIN, DR (reprint author), DUPONT CO,DEPT CENT RES & DEV,EXPTL STN,POB 80262,WILMINGTON,DE 19880, USA. NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN PI WOBURN PA 225 WILDWOOD AVE #UNITB PO BOX 4500, WOBURN, MA 01801-2084 SN 0144-2449 J9 ZEOLITES JI Zeolites PD APR-MAY PY 1991 VL 11 IS 4 BP 364 EP 367 DI 10.1016/0144-2449(91)80302-G PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA FK930 UT WOS:A1991FK93000012 ER PT J AU HO, PTP HO, LC SZCZEPANSKI, JC JACKSON, JM ARMSTRONG, JT BARRETT, AH AF HO, PTP HO, LC SZCZEPANSKI, JC JACKSON, JM ARMSTRONG, JT BARRETT, AH TI A MOLECULAR GAS STREAMER FEEDING THE GALACTIC-CENTER SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID APERTURE SYNTHESIS OBSERVATIONS; IONIZED-GAS; A COMPLEX; SGR-A; ENVIRONMENT; SAGITTARIUS; GALAXY; CLOUD; DISK AB Radio maps of ammonia emission around the nucleus of the Milky Way reveal a long streamer of molecular gas connecting the well known circumnuclear 2-pc ring with molecular clouds 10-20 pc further out. These clouds appear to be interacting with nearby supernova remnants, suggesting that the impact of the supernovae on the gas may have impelled some of it inwards, thus providing a source of fuel for the activity at the Galactic Centre. C1 USN OBSERV,DEPT ASTRON,WASHINGTON,DC 20390. MIT,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. BOSTON UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,BOSTON,MA 02215. RP HO, PTP (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 16 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 2 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 28 PY 1991 VL 350 IS 6316 BP 309 EP 312 DI 10.1038/350309a0 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FD838 UT WOS:A1991FD83800081 ER PT J AU BARTEL, N RUPEN, MP SHAPIRO, II PRESTON, RA RIUS, A AF BARTEL, N RUPEN, MP SHAPIRO, II PRESTON, RA RIUS, A TI A HIGH-RESOLUTION RADIO IMAGE OF A YOUNG SUPERNOVA SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID VLBI OBSERVATIONS; SN-1986J; EMISSION AB Supernovae in our own Galaxy are so rare that images of their remnants 1 can show only the late aftermath of an explosion that occurred anything from a few hundred to several tens of thousands of years ago. Young supernovae are seen frequently in other galaxies, but because they are more distant, it has not been possible until now to obtain high-resolution images that would reveal details of the explosion and the immediate development of the ejected material. Here we present a very-long-baseline interferometric (VLBI) radio image of the bright supernova 1986J, which occurred in the galaxy NGC891 at a distance of approximately 12 Mpc. No detailed image of any supernova or remnant has been obtained before so soon after the explosion. Our image shows a shell of emission with jet-like protrusions. Their analysis should advance our understanding of the dynamics of the expanding debris, the dissipation of energy into the surrounding circumstellar medium, and the evolution of the supernova into the remnant. C1 CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA 91109. FAC CIENCIAS MATEMAT MADRID,INST ASTRON & GEODESIA,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. RP BARTEL, N (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. RI Antonio, Rius/A-4873-2012 OI Antonio, Rius/0000-0002-5947-2649 NR 24 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 21 PY 1991 VL 350 IS 6315 BP 212 EP 214 DI 10.1038/350212a0 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FC779 UT WOS:A1991FC77900049 ER PT J AU RYDEN, BS AF RYDEN, BS TI COMPRESSION OF DARK HALOS BY BARYON INFALL - SELF-SIMILAR SOLUTIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE DARK MATTER; GALAXIES-INTERNAL MOTIONS; GALAXIES-STRUCTURE ID GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE; GALACTIC HALOS; EVOLUTION; UNIVERSE; MATTER AB The compression of dissipationless halos by dissipative baryon infall is examined through the use of self-similar models. The models are spherically symmetric, with asymptotic density profiles of the form rho is proportional to r-alpha. A fraction f of the matter consists of freely falling baryons; the remainder of the matter, consisting of dark matter with initial dispersion anisotropy-beta = 1 - sigma-t2/sigma-r2, is gravitationally compressed by the infalling baryons. Analytic results are presented in the limiting cases f = 1 and f = 0. Numerical results are given for halos with varying values of alpha, beta, and f. The compression of the dark matter is found to be adiabatic and has a Mach number less than 1 throughout the halo. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RI Ryden, Barbara/F-9057-2012; OI Ryden, Barbara/0000-0001-8164-8703 NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 1991 VL 370 IS 1 BP 15 EP 24 DI 10.1086/169790 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EZ603 UT WOS:A1991EZ60300002 ER PT J AU HESSMAN, FV EISLOFFEL, J MUNDT, R HARTMANN, LW HERBST, W KRAUTTER, J AF HESSMAN, FV EISLOFFEL, J MUNDT, R HARTMANN, LW HERBST, W KRAUTTER, J TI THE HIGH STATE OF THE FU ORIONIS VARIABLE Z-CANIS MAJORIS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE STARS-ACCRETION; STARS-INDIVIDUAL (Z-CANIS MAJORIS); STARS-PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE ID T-TAURI STARS; MAIN-SEQUENCE OBJECTS; HERBIG-HARO OBJECTS; DISK ACCRETION; CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; STELLAR WINDS; MASS-LOSS; BE-TYPE; AE-TYPE AB We present photometry and high-resolution spectroscopy of the pre-main-sequence object Z CMa. During the first part of 1987, this luminous FU Orionis variable had an eruption during which the absorption-line spectrum from an accretion disk seen in the normal state was replaced by a nearly featureless and bluer continuum and a large number of narrow emission lines from neutral and singly ionized metals. Furthermore, the Balmer and Fe II P Cygni lines became much more prominent. The significant weakening of the disk absorption lines, despite the relatively small change in the visual brightness (from V approximately 9.4 to approximately 8.7 mag), shows that the accretion disk is at least partially responsible for the change in the spectral appearance. Though the strength of the Balmer P Cygni profiles changed considerably from the normal to the high state, the velocity range present in the blue absorption component did not, suggesting that the mass-loss rate but not the speed of the wind increased dramatically between the two states. During 1985, a slight increase in the brightness was observed, corresponding both photometrically and spectroscopically to an intermediate state. The profiles of the P Cygni H-alpha line in this middle state is considerably different from either the normal or the high state, with narrower absorption wings and a much less abrupt change from the absorption to the emission components. Since the 1987 eruption, Z CMa has become slightly fainter and redder than normal but shows the same disk spectrum as that seen in the normal state. We discuss the possible explanations for this complex behavior within the context of viscous accretion disk models. The high-state spectrum of Z CMa resembles that of other luminous, pre-main-sequence objects, and we suggest that such objects are also pre-main-sequence disks with large mass accretion rates. C1 MAX PLANCK INST ASTRON,W-6900 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. WESLEYAN UNIV,VAN VLECK OBSERV,MIDDLETOWN,CT 06457. LANDESSTERNWARTE HEIDELBERG,KONIGSTUHL,W-6900 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. NR 55 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 1991 VL 370 IS 1 BP 384 EP 395 DI 10.1086/169824 PN 1 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EZ603 UT WOS:A1991EZ60300036 ER PT J AU WALKER, A HILLAS, AM POMERANTZ, MA REYNOLDS, PT PERRETT, JC VANSTEKELENBORG, JTPM WATSON, AA WEEKES, TC AF WALKER, A HILLAS, AM POMERANTZ, MA REYNOLDS, PT PERRETT, JC VANSTEKELENBORG, JTPM WATSON, AA WEEKES, TC TI MEASUREMENT OF THE ANGULAR RESOLUTION OF AN EXTENSIVE AIR SHOWER ARRAY USING A CHERENKOV LIGHT DETECTOR SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB We describe a method which has been used to evaluate the pointing accuracy and angular resolution of the South Pole air shower array. It makes use of coincidences between the air shower array and a very simple air Cherenkov detector of small aperture. The alignment of the array is shown to be known to be within +/- 0.2-degrees for the zenith direction and +/- 0.5-degrees for the azimuth direction. Additionally the angular resolution has been measured at energies below 200 TeV, lower than those at which the subarray comparison technique can be applied. At higher energies conclusions drawn previously from subarray comparisons are confirmed: the angular resolution, as described by the root mean square uncertainty in zenith angle, of showers produced by primaries of 200 TeV is found to be 0.8-degrees for showers incident at about 20-degrees from the vertical. C1 UNIV LEEDS,LEEDS LS2 9JT,W YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND. UNIV DELAWARE,BARTOL RES INST,NEWARK,DE 19716. SMITHSONIAN INST,FRED LAWRENCE WHIPPLE OBSERV,ASTROPHYS OBSERV,AMADO,AZ 85645. NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 301 IS 3 BP 574 EP 578 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(91)90025-L PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA FH625 UT WOS:A1991FH62500025 ER PT J AU DELAPPARENT, V GELLER, MJ HUCHRA, JP AF DELAPPARENT, V GELLER, MJ HUCHRA, JP TI MEASURES OF LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE IN THE CFA REDSHIFT SURVEY SLICES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE COSMOLOGY; GALAXIES CLUSTERING; GALAXIES REDSHIFTS ID SHANE-WIRTANEN COUNTS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; LOCAL SUPERCLUSTER; UNIVERSE; GALAXIES; CLUSTERS; VOIDS; DENSITY; MODELS AB In three slices of the CfA redshift survey extension, variations of counts-in-cells as a function of cell size are the basis for two statistical measures of large-scale clustering which depend on the high-order moments of the distribution. The first statistic is an estimate of the filling factor derived from a percolation criterion: the structures in the CfA slices fill less-than-or-similar-to 25 +/- 5% of the total volume of the survey; the remaining greater-than-or-similar-to 75 +/- 5% of the volume is devoid of bright galaxies [M(B(O)) less-than-or-equal-to -18.0 + 5 log h at 5000 km s-1; M(B(O)) less-than-or-equal-to -19.5 + 5 log h at 10,000 km s-1]. The second statistic measures the average dimensionality of the structures in the CfA slices. Although the description is not unique, the results of the two statistics for the CfA slices are consistent with the properties of a network of surfaces. The combination of the two statistics provides a useful tool for quantitative characterization of the geometry of the observed large-scale structures and for comparison of the data with N-body and with simple geometric models. We also use the counts-in-cells to estimate the average galaxy surface density in surfaces like the "Great Wall" (Geller & Huchra 1989). The surface number density is approximately 0.3 galaxy h2 Mpc-2 with M(B(O)) less-than-or-equal-to -18.2 + 5 log h. With this estimate of the surface density, we calculate the solid angle as a function of limiting magnitude required to detect analogous sheets at larger redshift. We then confirm that in pencil-beam probes with zBAR approximately 0.2, Broadhurst et al. (1990) detect sheets of surface density comparable with that in the CfA slices. Because Broadhurst et al. (1990) take velocity intervals several times larger than the typical thickness of the sheets, they should appear as peaks with a small density contrast of approximately 1 relative to the selection function. The angular extent of each of the Broadhurst et al. (1990) probes is approximately 5h-1 Mpc at z approximately 0.2, comparable with the correlation length for the galaxies (de Lapparent, Geller, & Huchra 1988): in these probes, the regularly spaced peaks with a density enhancement of greater-than-or-similar-to 4 are caused by clustering within the sheets. We identify the enhancements with small groups of galaxies (Ramella, Geller, & Huchra 1989) and/or sheets parallel to the line of sight. The rate of occurrence of enhancements caused by rich clusters like Coma is one order of magnitude smaller. By extracting samples from the CfA slices with similar spatial extent, we calculate that a narrow probe contains upward density fluctuations once in every approximately 120h-1 Mpc when the low-density regions in the survey have typical diameters of 20-50h-1 Mpc. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP DELAPPARENT, V (reprint author), INST ASTROPHYS,CNRS,98 BLVD ARAGO,F-75014 PARIS,FRANCE. NR 46 TC 99 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 1991 VL 369 IS 2 BP 273 EP 286 DI 10.1086/169759 PN 1 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EY637 UT WOS:A1991EY63700001 ER PT J AU WOLTER, A GIOIA, IM MACCACARO, T MORRIS, SL STOCKE, JT AF WOLTER, A GIOIA, IM MACCACARO, T MORRIS, SL STOCKE, JT TI THE NUMBER COUNT DISTRIBUTION FOR X-RAY SELECTED BL LACERTAE OBJECTS AND CONSTRAINTS ON THE LUMINOSITY FUNCTION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; GALAXIES NUCLEI; GALAXIES X-RAYS ID RELATIVISTIC JETS; DENSITY AB In this paper we describe a sample of 34 BL Lac objects extracted from the Einstein Extended Medium Sensitivity Survey. X-ray selection has proved to be a powerful way to find new BL Lac objects and to generate complete and well-defined samples. We compute the number-count relationship and compare it with the results of other X-ray surveys. Then, we assume different models of the intrinsic X-ray luminosity function and study the effect of beamed X-ray emission on the resulting observed luminosity function, comparing the predicted number-count distribution with the observed one. Using the available redshift information, we can exclude that the AGN X-ray luminosity function (we include in the class of AGN all emission-line objects, like quasars and Seyfert galaxies), modified by beaming, can describe that of BL Lac objects, even though the predicted log N-log S relationship is in agreement with the observations. C1 CNR,IST RADIOASTRON,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. OSSERV ASTRON BOLOGNA,BOLOGNA,ITALY. OBSERV CARNEGIE INST WASHINGTON,PASADENA,CA 91101. UNIV COLORADO,CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE ASTRON,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP WOLTER, A (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. RI Morris, Simon/G-7981-2011; Gioia, Isabella/B-6982-2012; OI Morris, Simon/0000-0003-4866-110X; Gioia, Isabella/0000-0003-3127-498X; Wolter, Anna/0000-0001-5840-9835 NR 20 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 1991 VL 369 IS 2 BP 314 EP 319 DI 10.1086/169763 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EY637 UT WOS:A1991EY63700005 ER PT J AU MacLow, MM VANBUREN, D WOOD, DOS CHURCHWELL, E AF MacLow, MM VANBUREN, D WOOD, DOS CHURCHWELL, E TI BOW SHOCK-MODELS OF ULTRACOMPACT H-II REGIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE INTERSTELLAR MOLECULES; NEBULAE H-II REGIONS; SHOCK WAVES; STARS WINDS ID EARLY-TYPE STARS; MASS-LOSS; BUBBLES; CLOUDS AB We present models of ultracompact H II regions as the bow shocks formed by massive stars, with strong stellar winds, moving supersonically through molecular clouds. The morphologies, sizes, and brightnesses of observed objects match our models well. We provide plausible models for the ultracompact H II regions G12.21-0.1, G29.96-0.02, G34.26 + 0.15, and G43.89-0.78. To do this we begin by calculating the equilibrium shape of the wind-blown shell, assuming momentum conservation. Then we illuminate the shell with ionizing radiation from the central star, perform radiative transfer for free-free emission through the shell, and visualize the resulting object at various angles for comparison with radio continuum maps. Our model unifies most of the observed morphologies of ultracompact H II regions, excluding only those objects with spherical shells. Ram pressure confinement greatly lengthens the life of ultracompact H II regions, explaining the large number that exist in the Galaxy despite their low apparent kinematic ages. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, BOULDER, CO USA. UNIV COLORADO, JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. CALTECH, JET PROP LAB, CTR INFRARED PROC & ANAL, PASADENA, CA 91109 USA. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, WASHBURN OBSERV, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. RP MacLow, MM (reprint author), NASA, AMES RES CTR, DIV SPACE SCI, MAIL STOP 245-3, MOFFETT FIELD, CA 94035 USA. OI Mac Low, Mordecai-Mark/0000-0003-0064-4060 NR 31 TC 128 Z9 128 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 1991 VL 369 IS 2 BP 395 EP 409 DI 10.1086/169769 PN 1 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EY637 UT WOS:A1991EY63700011 ER PT J AU STARK, G YOSHINO, K SMITH, PL ITO, K PARKINSON, WH AF STARK, G YOSHINO, K SMITH, PL ITO, K PARKINSON, WH TI HIGH-RESOLUTION ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTIONS OF CARBON-MONOXIDE BANDS AT 295-K BETWEEN 91.7 AND 100.4 NANOMETERS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE LABORATORY SPECTRA; MOLECULAR PROCESSES; TRANSITION RATES; ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRA ID VUV SPECTROSCOPIC FACILITY; CO; PHOTODISSOCIATION AB Theoretical descriptions of the abundance and excitation of carbon monoxide in interstellar clouds require accurate data on the vacuum-ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the molecule. We have used the 6.65 m spectrometer at the Photon Factory synchrotron light source to measure photoabsorption cross sections of CO features between 91.2 and 100.4 nm. These data were recorded at a resolving power of 1.7 x 10(5), more than 20 times greater than that used in previous work. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NR 20 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 1991 VL 369 IS 2 BP 574 EP 580 DI 10.1086/169788 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EY637 UT WOS:A1991EY63700030 ER PT J AU JAKOBSEN, P ALBRECHT, R BARBIERI, C BLADES, JC BOKSENBERG, A CRANE, P DEHARVENG, JM DISNEY, MJ KAMPERMAN, TM KING, IR MACCHETTO, F MACKAY, CD PARESCE, F WEIGELT, G BAXTER, D GREENFIELD, P JEDRZEJEWSKI, R NOTA, A SPARKS, WB KIRSHNER, RP PANAGIA, N AF JAKOBSEN, P ALBRECHT, R BARBIERI, C BLADES, JC BOKSENBERG, A CRANE, P DEHARVENG, JM DISNEY, MJ KAMPERMAN, TM KING, IR MACCHETTO, F MACKAY, CD PARESCE, F WEIGELT, G BAXTER, D GREENFIELD, P JEDRZEJEWSKI, R NOTA, A SPARKS, WB KIRSHNER, RP PANAGIA, N TI 1ST RESULTS FROM THE FAINT OBJECT CAMERA - SN-1987A SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE STARS, CIRCUMSTELLAR SHELLS; STARS, INDIVIDUAL (SN-1987A); STARS, SUPERNOVAE; ULTRAVIOLET, GENERAL ID LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD; SUPERNOVA 1987A; PROGENITOR; EMISSION AB We present the first images of SN 1987A taken on day 1278 after outburst with the Faint Object Camera on board the Hubble Space Telescope. The supernova is well detected and resolved spatially in three broad-band ultraviolet exposures spanning the 1500-3800 angstrom range and in a narrow-band image centered on the [O III] lambda-5007 line. Simple uniform disk fits to the profiles of SN 1987A yield an average angular diameter of theta congruent-to 170 +/- 30 mas, corresponding to an average expansion velocity of upsilon almost-equal-to 6000 km s-1. The derived broad-band ultraviolet fluxes, when corrected for interstellar absorption, indicate a blue ultraviolet spectrum corresponding to a color temperature near 13,000 K. The luminosity of SN 1987A in the ultraviolet, L congruent-to 2 x 10(36) ergs s-1, is comparable to that emitted in the visible-through-infrared portion of the spectrum. Finally, the narrow-band [O III] image reveals that the circumstellar nebula known to surround SN 1987A has the shape of a thin, tilted ring having a radius 0.20 pc and a thickness congruent-to 2 x 10(-2) pc. C1 OSSERV ASTRON PADOVA,I-35122 PADUA,ITALY. SPACE TELESCOPE SCI INST,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. ROYAL GREENWICH OBSERV,CAMBRIDGE CB3 0EZ,ENGLAND. EUROPEAN SO OBSERV,W-8046 GARCHING,GERMANY. CNRS,ASTRON SPATIALE LAB,F-13012 MARSEILLE,FRANCE. UNIV COLL CARDIFF,DEPT PHYS,CARDIFF CF1 3TH,WALES. SPACE RES INST,3584 CA UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY,DEPT SPACE SCI,DIV ASTROPHYS,2200 AG NOORDWIJK,NETHERLANDS. UNIV CAMBRIDGE,INST ASTRON,CAMBRIDGE CB3 0HA,ENGLAND. MAX PLANCK INST RADIOASTRON,W-5300 BONN 1,GERMANY. OSSERV ASTRON PADOVA,PADUA,ITALY. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP JAKOBSEN, P (reprint author), EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY,ESTEC,DEPT SPACE SCI,DIV ASTROPHYS,2200 AG NOORDWIJK,NETHERLANDS. NR 24 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 1991 VL 369 IS 2 BP L63 EP & DI 10.1086/185959 PN 2 PG 0 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EY641 UT WOS:A1991EY64100010 ER PT J AU STANLEY, DJ ARBOUILLE, D HOWA, H AF STANLEY, DJ ARBOUILLE, D HOWA, H TI HOLOCENE SEQUENCES DISTRIBUTED ACROSS THE NORTHERN NILE DELTA, EGYPT, AS A FUNCTION OF TECTONIC, EUSTATIC, AND CLIMATIC CONTROLS SO AAPG BULLETIN-AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF PETROLEUM GEOLOGISTS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,MEDITERRANEAN BASIN PROGRAM,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN PETROL GEOLOGISTS PI TULSA PA 1444 S BOULDER AVE PO BOX 979, TULSA, OK 74101 SN 0149-1423 J9 AAPG BULL JI AAPG Bull.-Am. Assoc. Petr. Geol. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 75 IS 3 BP 675 EP 676 PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Geology GA FA437 UT WOS:A1991FA43700635 ER PT J AU ARNOLD, DE NEFF, H BISHOP, RL AF ARNOLD, DE NEFF, H BISHOP, RL TI COMPOSITIONAL ANALYSIS AND SOURCES OF POTTERY - AN ETHNOARCHEOLOGICAL APPROACH SO AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID ARCHAEOLOGICAL CERAMICS C1 UNIV MISSOURI,RES REACTOR FACIL,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. SMITHSONIAN INST,CTR MUSEUM SUPPORT,CONSERVAT ANALYT LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP ARNOLD, DE (reprint author), WHEATON COLL,DEPT SOCIOL ANTHROPOL,WHEATON,IL 60187, USA. NR 37 TC 84 Z9 84 U1 4 U2 6 PU AMER ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOC PI ARLINGTON PA 4350 NORTH FAIRFAX DRIVE SUITE 640, ARLINGTON, VA 22203 SN 0002-7294 J9 AM ANTHROPOL JI Am. Anthropol. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 93 IS 1 BP 70 EP 90 DI 10.1525/aa.1991.93.1.02a00040 PG 21 WC Anthropology SC Anthropology GA FB427 UT WOS:A1991FB42700004 ER PT J AU EWING, SE AF EWING, SE TI USING VOLUNTEERS FOR SPECIAL-PROJECT STAFFING AT THE NATIONAL AIR AND SPACE MUSEUM ARCHIVES SO AMERICAN ARCHIVIST LA English DT Article AB The archives at the National Air and Space Museum (NASM) of the Smithsonian Institution has developed and utilized a program for performing collection maintenance activities on archival collections using large groups of volunteers for short periods of time. The author describes the first three successful offerings of the Smithsonian National Associates Program Research Expedition in the NASM Archives and recommends considerations for other repositories that may decide to establish similar programs. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP EWING, SE (reprint author), AIRCRAFT TECH PUBLISHERS,ELECTR SERV,BRISBANE,CA 94005, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC AMER ARCHIVISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 504, 600 S FEDERAL, CHICAGO, IL 60605 SN 0360-9081 J9 AM ARCHIVIST JI Am. Arch. PD SPR PY 1991 VL 54 IS 2 BP 176 EP 183 PG 8 WC History; Information Science & Library Science SC History; Information Science & Library Science GA HR542 UT WOS:A1991HR54200002 ER PT J AU MOSS, WW AF MOSS, WW TI THE ARCHIVES LAW OF THE PEOPLES-REPUBLIC-OF-CHINA - A SUMMARY AND COMMENTARY SO AMERICAN ARCHIVIST LA English DT Note AB The author summarizes and comments on the Archives Law of the People's Republic of China, which went into effect on 1 January 1988. He also notes the implementing regulations of 19 November 1990. RP MOSS, WW (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST ARCHIVES,2135 ARTS & IND BLDG,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU SOC AMER ARCHIVISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 504, 600 S FEDERAL, CHICAGO, IL 60605 SN 0360-9081 J9 AM ARCHIVIST JI Am. Arch. PD SPR PY 1991 VL 54 IS 2 BP 216 EP 219 PG 4 WC History; Information Science & Library Science SC History; Information Science & Library Science GA HR542 UT WOS:A1991HR54200006 ER PT J AU JOHNSTON, PF AF JOHNSTON, PF TI UNFINISHED VOYAGES - WESTERN-AUSTRALIAN SHIPWRECKS 1851-1880 - HENDERSON,G, HENDERSON,CJ SO AMERICAN NEPTUNE LA English DT Book Review RP JOHNSTON, PF (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PEABODY MUSEUM PI SALEM PA E INDIA MARINE HALL, SALEM, MA 01970 SN 0003-0155 J9 AM NEPTUNE JI Am. Neptune PD SPR PY 1991 VL 51 IS 2 BP 138 EP 138 PG 1 WC History SC History GA GC337 UT WOS:A1991GC33700016 ER PT J AU LORNELL, K AF LORNELL, K TI MOVE OVER BEETHOVEN AND GIVE AMERICAN-STUDIES THE NEWS SO AMERICAN QUARTERLY LA English DT Review RP LORNELL, K (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4319 SN 0003-0678 J9 AM QUART JI Am. Q. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 135 EP 142 DI 10.2307/2712973 PG 8 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA FA999 UT WOS:A1991FA99900010 ER PT J AU MERRIFIELD, MR KENT, SM AF MERRIFIELD, MR KENT, SM TI A SEARCH FOR BOUND SATELLITE POPULATIONS AROUND CENTRAL DOMINANT GALAXIES IN CLUSTERS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RICH CLUSTERS; SURFACE PHOTOMETRY; ABELL CLUSTERS; RADIAL-VELOCITIES; MULTIPLE NUCLEI; X-RAY; DYNAMICS; REDSHIFTS; SIMULATIONS; RELAXATION AB Using radial velocities for over 1400 galaxies in 46 clusters, we have searched for evidence of a population of low velocity cluster members that may be in the throes of merging with the central dominant galaxies in these systems. As a supplememt to the existing body of galaxy redshifts, we have obtained 124 new velocity measurements for galaxies in the centers of 13 of those clusters. We have developed distribution free and robust statistical methods to search the dataset for evidence of a low velocity satellite population around the central galaxy in these clusters. These tests show that the best estimate for the fraction of cluster members projected within 20h-1 kpc of a central dominant galaxy that constitute a bound population is only approximately 5% (but also consistent with zero and with an upper limit of approximately 20%). The implied rate of growth of the central galaxy by cannibalism is then only approximately 1 +3(-1)L*/(10(10) yr). Application of the same statistical methods to the central 250h-1 kpc of these clusters demonstrates that there is a marginal excess of low velocity galaxies in the cores of clusters but at a lower level than suggested by previous studies. We also find indications in this dataset that the dynamics of the cores of clusters can be significantly modified by the presence of a central massive cD galaxy. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP MERRIFIELD, MR (reprint author), CANADIAN INST THEORET ASTROPHYS,60 ST GEORGE ST,TORONTO M5S 1A1,ONTARIO,CANADA. OI Merrifield, Michael/0000-0002-4202-4727 NR 53 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 101 IS 3 BP 783 EP 794 DI 10.1086/115722 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EY997 UT WOS:A1991EY99700002 ER PT J AU SCHOMMER, RA CHRISTIAN, CA CALDWELL, N BOTHUN, GD HUCHRA, J AF SCHOMMER, RA CHRISTIAN, CA CALDWELL, N BOTHUN, GD HUCHRA, J TI KINEMATICS OF STAR-CLUSTERS IN M33 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; GALAXIES; SYSTEM; PHOTOMETRY; FIELD AB We present velocities for approximately 45 M33 star clusters, spanning the range of cluster ages (approximately 0.1-10 Gyr) in that system. We conclude that: (1) there is a kinematic halo of old clusters, with a velocity dispersion of approximately 70 km/s; (2) there is little or no sign of rotation for the old, metal poor cluster system (V / sigma greater-than-or-less-than-to 0.6); (3) young (blue) clusters rotate sensibly with the H I and H II disk gas (V / sigma greater-than-or-equal-to 5); (4) the intermediate age/color clusters have similar rotational motion to the young clusters, with a marginally lower rotational velocity and higher dispersion. Although the properties of these clusters resemble those of the LMC clusters in terms of star formation history, the kinematics of the M33 clusters appear significantly different from what has been reported for the LMC cluster system, and more closely mimic the kinematics of the Milky Way system. We briefly discuss these results in terms of disk heating and diffusion arguments versus collapse or formation scenarios. C1 CANADA FRANCE HAWAII TELESCOPE CORP,KAMUELA,HI 96743. UNIV HAWAII,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,HONOLULU,HI 96822. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,FL WHIPPLE OBSERV,AMADO,AZ 85645. UNIV OREGON,DEPT PHYS,EUGENE,OR 97403. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP SCHOMMER, RA (reprint author), RUTGERS STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,POB 849,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855, USA. NR 44 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 101 IS 3 BP 873 EP 883 DI 10.1086/115732 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EY997 UT WOS:A1991EY99700012 ER PT J AU HARTMANN, L JONES, BF STAUFFER, JR KENYON, SJ AF HARTMANN, L JONES, BF STAUFFER, JR KENYON, SJ TI A PROPER MOTION SURVEY FOR PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS IN TAURUS-AURIGA SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ACCRETION DISKS; EMISSION; PHOTOMETRY; ROTATION AB We have undertaken a proper motion survey to search for pre-main-sequence stars near the Taurus-Auriga molecular cloud. Spectra were obtained for 209 possible Taurus proper motion members selected from an initial sample of 4600 stars with V less-than-or-similar-to 16 in an 8.9 square degree region. Another 68 objects selected from the less-systematic proper motion survey of Jones & Herbig [AJ, 84, 1872 (1979)] were also studied spectroscopically. Only seven new pre-main-sequence systems were identified on the basis of their strong Li I 6707 angstrom absorption. The newly discovered T Tauri stars have the same Hayashi track ages (approximately 10(6) yr) as the previously discovered pre-main-sequence population in Taurus. There is no evidence in our survey for a population of ''post-T-Tauri'' stars with ages more nearly comparable to the crossing time for the molecular cloud complex (approximately 10(7) yr). One way to reduce or eliminate this discrepancy is to assume that standard Hayashi track isochrones considerably underestimate the true ages of low-mass T Tauri stars, an idea with independent theoretical support. We suggest that the greater-than-or-similar-to 10(7) yr old stars found in the vicinity of the Taurus molecular complex by Walter et al. [Aj, 96, 297 (1988)] are low-mass members of the Cassiopeia-Taurus B star group, and constitute a distinctly older and much more widely spread stellar population than the pre-main-sequence objects seen projected against the Taurus clouds. C1 UNIV CALIF OBSERV,LICK OBSERVAT,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. RP HARTMANN, L (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X NR 21 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 101 IS 3 BP 1050 EP 1062 DI 10.1086/115747 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EY997 UT WOS:A1991EY99700027 ER PT J AU CAWLEY, MF FEGAN, DJ HILLAS, AM KWOK, PW LAMB, RC LANG, MJ LEWIS, DA MACOMB, D REYNOLDS, PT VACANTI, G WEEKES, TC AF CAWLEY, MF FEGAN, DJ HILLAS, AM KWOK, PW LAMB, RC LANG, MJ LEWIS, DA MACOMB, D REYNOLDS, PT VACANTI, G WEEKES, TC TI SEARCH FOR TEV GAMMA-RAYS FROM THE X-RAY PULSAR 1E2259+586 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE GAMMA-RAYS; PERIODIC EMISSION ID SUPERNOVA REMNANT G109.1-1.0; 1E 2259+586; EXTRAORDINARY; HERCULES-X-1 AB Evidence for TeV gamma-ray emission from 1E2259 + 586 has recently been reported by the Durham Group (Brazier et al. 1990). If correct, this report would be of great importance to the field of ground-based gamma-ray astronomy, as the evidence suggests that the source is a steady gamma-ray emitter, with a flux an order of magnitude higher than that of the Crab Nebula (Weekes et al. 1989). The Whipple Collaboration observed 1E2259 + 586 for a total of 80 h between November 1985 and November 1988 using the atmospheric Cherenkov imaging technique. These observations, including some taken over the same time span as the Durham observations, were analysed for evidence of periodic emission at the fundamental and second harmonic of the X-ray period. We find no evidence for gamma-ray emission from this source, and report an upper limit based on the imaging technique which is a factor of eight lower than the flux level reported by the Durham Group. C1 NATL UNIV IRELAND UNIV COLL DUBLIN, DEPT PHYS, DUBLIN 4, IRELAND. UNIV LEEDS, DEPT PHYS, LEEDS LS2 9JT, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, WHIPPLE OBSERV, AMADO, AZ 85645 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RP CAWLEY, MF (reprint author), ST PATRICKS COLL, DEPT PHYS, MAYNOOTH, KILDARE, IRELAND. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 243 IS 1 BP 143 EP 147 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FC246 UT WOS:A1991FC24600021 ER PT J AU DAVID, LP FORMAN, W JONES, C AF DAVID, LP FORMAN, W JONES, C TI EVOLUTION OF THE INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM IN ELLIPTIC GALAXIES .2. X-RAY-PROPERTIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES, INTERSTELLAR MATTER; GALAXIES, STELLAR CONTENT; GALAXIES, X-RAYS; STARS, SUPERNOVAE ID COOLING FLOWS; VELOCITY DISPERSIONS; STAR FORMATION; MODELS; GAS; SUPERNOVAE; CLUSTERS; MASS AB We present the results of a variety of simulations concerning the evolution of the hot component of the interstellar medium in elliptical galaxies. Our models cover the range in galaxy luminosity from 10(9) to 10(11) L. and include a range of star formation histories, present Type I supernova rates, and the effects of massive dark halos. All our model galaxies evolve through an early Type II supernova-driven wind phase. Following this stage the model galaxies evolve through a series of evolutionary stages characterized by the flow profile of the interstellar medium (i.e., partial winds, total subsonic winds, and transonic winds). The exact evolutionary sequence exhibited by a given model galaxy depends primarily on the gravitational potential depth of the galaxy and the present Type I supernova rate. The present dynamic state of our model galaxies with massive dark halos and a present Type I supernova rate equal to the most recent estimate on early-type galaxies can be summarized as follows: (1) galaxies with M(B) less-than-or-similar-to -20 have cooling flows, (2) galaxies with -20 less-than-or-similar-to M(B) less-than-or-similar-to -19 have partial winds, (3) galaxies with -19 less-than-or-similar-to M(B) less-than-or-similar-to -18 have total subsonic winds, and (4) galaxies with M(B) less-than-or-similar-to -18 have have total transonic winds. Model galaxies fainter than M(B) almost-equal-to -20.5 without massive dark halos and the same present type I supernova rate per unit blue luminosity have transonic winds at the present time. A comparison of our models with Einstein X-ray observations shows that bright ellipticals must have massive dark halos in order to retain the large amounts of hot gas required to generate their observed X-ray luminosities. The dynamic state of the hot gas in ellipticals is directly reflected through observable X-ray properties (i.e., X-ray luminosity, surface brightness profile, emission-weighted temperature, and temperature profile). We show how observations of these X-ray diagnostics can determine the flow profile of the hot gas in ellipticals, the amount of dark matter and the present epoch Type I supernova rate. RP DAVID, LP (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,SMITHSONIAN ASTROPHYS OBSERV,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. OI Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682 NR 32 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 1 PY 1991 VL 369 IS 1 BP 121 EP 134 DI 10.1086/169743 PN 1 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EX523 UT WOS:A1991EX52300012 ER PT J AU ESCALANTE, V DALGARNO, A AF ESCALANTE, V DALGARNO, A TI NITROGEN RECOMBINATION LINES AND ABUNDANCE IN NOVA SHELLS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ATOMIC PROCESSES; NEBULAE, ABUNDANCES; STARS, NOVAE ID NEBULA AB The observed intensities of N II lines in the DQ Her, CP Pup, and T Aur nova shells are compared with theoretical predictions. It is concluded that the relative intensities can be explained with excitation by recombination. The nitrogen abundances obtained from the line intensities relative to hydrogen have values about 400 to 700 times the solar abundance. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP ESCALANTE, V (reprint author), NATL AUTONOMOUS UNIV MEXICO,INST ASTRON,AP POSTAL 70-264,CIUDAD UNIV,MEXICO CITY 04510,DF,MEXICO. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 1 PY 1991 VL 369 IS 1 BP 213 EP 218 DI 10.1086/169752 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EX523 UT WOS:A1991EX52300021 ER PT J AU HUGHES, JA KAPLAN, GH SHAO, M AF HUGHES, JA KAPLAN, GH SHAO, M TI DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE USNO ASTROMETRIC OPTICAL INTERFEROMETER SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 100TH COLLOQUIUM OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION - GEORGE TELEKI MEMORIAL COLLOQUIUM ON FUNDAMENTALS OF ASTROMETRY CY SEP 08-11, 1987 CL BELGRAD, YUGOSLAVIA SP INT ASTRON UNION AB The USNO will undertake the construction and operation of a phase coherent, astrometric, optical interferometer which will be dedicated to the determination of stellar positions and motions. Building upon the experience gained from the MARK III Interferometer at Mount Wilson, the USNO instrument is currently in the very early stages of conceptualization and initial design. An abbreviated account of the experience gained with the MARK III is given. Examples of the issues and possibilities to be addressed in designing the new USNO instrument are outlined. Some background discussion involving interferometric techniques is included. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP HUGHES, JA (reprint author), USN OBSERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20390, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0004-640X J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI JI Astrophys. Space Sci. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 177 IS 1-2 BP 151 EP 159 DI 10.1007/BF00643668 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FU440 UT WOS:A1991FU44000026 ER PT J AU CONDON, M AF CONDON, M TI MUTUALISTIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SCIENTISTS AND CHILDREN SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOO,DEPT INVERTEBRATES,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT BIOL,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. RP CONDON, M (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOO,DEPT HERPETOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD MAR PY 1991 VL 41 IS 3 BP 163 EP 165 DI 10.2307/1311456 PG 3 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA EY756 UT WOS:A1991EY75600008 ER PT J AU BRODIE, J GUIRY, MD MASUDA, M AF BRODIE, J GUIRY, MD MASUDA, M TI LIFE-HISTORY AND MORPHOLOGY OF CHONDRUS-NIPPONICUS (GIGARTINALES, RHODOPHYTA) FROM JAPAN SO BRITISH PHYCOLOGICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID UPPER TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE; NORTH-ATLANTIC; REPRODUCTION; CRISPUS C1 SMITHSONIAN MARINE STN,FT PIERCE,FL 34946. NATL UNIV IRELAND UNIV COLL GALWAY,DEPT BOT,GALWAY,IRELAND. HOKKAIDO UNIV,FAC SCI,DEPT BOT,SAPPORO,HOKKAIDO 060,JAPAN. NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0007-1617 J9 BRIT PHYCOL J PD MAR PY 1991 VL 26 IS 1 BP 33 EP 50 PG 18 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA FA160 UT WOS:A1991FA16000004 ER PT J AU BELLAMY, CL AF BELLAMY, CL TI 3 NEW SPECIES OF BUPRESTIDAE FROM THE NEOTROPICS (COLEOPTERA) SO COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB Three new neotropical buprestids are described and illustrated: Halecia asperata, sp. nov. from Belize; Tetragonoschema trinidadensis, sp. nov. from Trinidad; and Xenorhipis orinocoensis, sp. nov. from Venezuela. A checklist of the species of Xenorhipis is provided. The character states of the epipleuron and its use in chalcophorine taxonomy are discussed briefly and illustrated. RP BELLAMY, CL (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT ENTOMOL,NHB 169,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLEOPTERISTS SOC PI NATCHEZ PA P.O. BOX 767, NATCHEZ, MS 39121 SN 0010-065X J9 COLEOPTS BULL JI Coleopt. Bull. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 45 IS 1 BP 21 EP 30 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA FD629 UT WOS:A1991FD62900004 ER PT J AU MANNING, RD AF MANNING, RD TI OPENING AND CLOSING THE DOORS - EVALUATING IMMIGRATION REFORM AND CONTROL - BEAN,FD, VERNEZ,G, KEELY,CB SO CONTEMPORARY SOCIOLOGY-A JOURNAL OF REVIEWS LA English DT Book Review C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP MANNING, RD (reprint author), AMERICAN UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20016, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOCIOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1722 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2981 SN 0094-3061 J9 CONTEMP SOCIOL JI Contemp. Sociol.-J. Rev. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 20 IS 2 BP 262 EP 263 DI 10.2307/2072962 PG 2 WC Sociology SC Sociology GA FF140 UT WOS:A1991FF14000085 ER PT J AU KIANG, YT BULT, CJ AF KIANG, YT BULT, CJ TI GENETIC AND LINKAGE ANALYSIS OF ACONITATE HYDRATASE VARIANTS IN SOYBEAN SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-POPULATIONS; INHERITANCE; BARBATA AB Genetic markers and chromosome linkage maps are useful in genetic research and plant breeding. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], plants were grown in the greenhouse and field to obtain F1, F2, and F3 seeds, and starch gel electrophoresis was employed to determine inheritance of several aconitate hydratase isozyme variants and the relative position of the Aco3 locus in soybean Linkage Group 1. Genetic data show that the Aco1 null variant (aco1-n) is allelic to Acol-a, the Aco2-c variant is allelic to Aco2-a, and the Aco4-d variant is allelic to Aco4-c. The Aco5 locus has three alleles Aco5-a, Aco5-b, and aco5-n. Recombination values were 12.4 +/- 0.8% between the Aco3 and Sp1 (Am3), 33.6 +/- 3.7% between Aco3 and y12, 39.2 +/- 2.1% between Aco3 and t, 13.2 +/- 1.2% between Sp1 and y12, and 29.6 +/- 1.3% between Sp1 and t. The gene order of these markers was thus determined as Aco3-Sp1-y12-t. Based on these five aconitate hydratase isozymes, genetic variation was calculated for both wild and cultivated soybean. No significant differences in the level of genetic variation [gene diversity (heterozygosity) and number of alleles per locus] between wild and cultivated soybean were observed. The values for gene diversity and number of alleles per locus in soybean are comparable to those observed in other autogamous annual plant species. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,MOLEC SYSTEMAT LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP KIANG, YT (reprint author), UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE,DEPT PLANT BIOL,DURHAM,NH 03824, USA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 31 IS 2 BP 322 EP 325 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA FZ643 UT WOS:A1991FZ64300019 ER PT J AU FOSBERG, FR AF FOSBERG, FR TI AFTER ZERO-GROWTH SO ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP FOSBERG, FR (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0376-8929 J9 ENVIRON CONSERV JI Environ. Conserv. PD SPR PY 1991 VL 18 IS 1 BP 3 EP 4 PG 2 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA GA774 UT WOS:A1991GA77400001 ER PT J AU HYDER, J AF HYDER, J TI 'HOUSE OF GAMES' + VANWERT ARTICLE ON PSYCHOANALYSIS AND CON-GAMES RELATIVE TO MAMET FILM - COMMENT SO FILM QUARTERLY LA English DT Letter RP HYDER, J (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL MUSEUM AIR & SPACE,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIF PRESS PI BERKELEY PA JOURNALS DEPT 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 SN 0015-1386 J9 FILM QUART JI Film Q. PD SPR PY 1991 VL 44 IS 3 BP 61 EP 62 PG 2 WC Film, Radio, Television SC Film, Radio & Television GA FK077 UT WOS:A1991FK07700011 ER PT J AU MCSWEEN, HY BENNETT, ME JAROSEWICH, E AF MCSWEEN, HY BENNETT, ME JAROSEWICH, E TI THE MINERALOGY OF ORDINARY CHONDRITES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR ASTEROID SPECTROPHOTOMETRY SO ICARUS LA English DT Article ID S-TYPE ASTEROIDS; ELEMENT FRACTIONATIONS; METEORITE C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT MINERAL SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP MCSWEEN, HY (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT GEOL SCI,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 34 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 3 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0019-1035 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD MAR PY 1991 VL 90 IS 1 BP 107 EP 116 DI 10.1016/0019-1035(91)90072-2 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FD717 UT WOS:A1991FD71700009 ER PT J AU SADER, SA POWELL, GVN RAPPOLE, JH AF SADER, SA POWELL, GVN RAPPOLE, JH TI MIGRATORY BIRD HABITAT MONITORING THROUGH REMOTE-SENSING SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID AMAZON BASIN; DEFORESTATION; BRAZIL; LANDSAT AB Unsupervised classification of Landsat-TM data was employed to identify habitats important for migratory birds in Costa Rica. The overall habitat classification accuracy was 70 per cent (Kappa correction). Mature forest could be identified with high accuracy (93 per cent) but Landsat-TM classification accuracy for major successional stages was low. Habitat availability and conversion rates from 1976 to 1986 were derived from multidate Landsat imagery supplemented with interpretation of historical air photos to document the specific types of habitat change. The major trend in habitat conversion between 1976 and 1984 was forest clearing followed by establishment of permanent pasture. Some of the pasture land was converted to perennial tree crops by 1986. The implication of habitat modification on groups and species of migrant land birds are discussed. C1 NATL AUDUBON SOC,TAVERNIER,FL 33070. NATL ZOOL PK,CONSERVAT & RES CTR,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630. RP SADER, SA (reprint author), UNIV MAINE,COLL FOREST RESOURCES,260 NUTTING HALL,ORONO,ME 04469, USA. NR 24 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 12 IS 3 BP 363 EP 372 PG 10 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA EZ885 UT WOS:A1991EZ88500001 ER PT J AU FORMAN, P AF FORMAN, P TI INDEPENDENCE, NOT TRANSCENDENCE, FOR THE HISTORIAN OF SCIENCE SO ISIS LA English DT Article ID PROFESSIONALIZATION; TECHNOLOGY; SYSTEM RP FORMAN, P (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL MUSEUM AMER HIST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 81 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0021-1753 J9 ISIS JI Isis PD MAR PY 1991 VL 82 IS 311 BP 71 EP 86 DI 10.1086/355638 PG 16 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA FL562 UT WOS:A1991FL56200004 ER PT J AU CERUZZI, P AF CERUZZI, P TI THE EARLY BRITISH CONFERENCES - WILLIAMS,MR, CAMPBELLKELLY,M SO ISIS LA English DT Book Review RP CERUZZI, P (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0021-1753 J9 ISIS JI Isis PD MAR PY 1991 VL 82 IS 311 BP 168 EP 169 DI 10.1086/355712 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA FL562 UT WOS:A1991FL56200082 ER PT J AU REINGOLD, N AF REINGOLD, N TI SILLIMAN,BENJAMIN - A LIFE IN THE YOUNG REPUBLIC - BROWN,CM SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP REINGOLD, N (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGAN AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47401 SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 77 IS 4 BP 1340 EP 1340 DI 10.2307/2078290 PG 1 WC History SC History GA FD881 UT WOS:A1991FD88100032 ER PT J AU JOHNSTON, LA DONOGHUE, AM OBRIEN, SJ WILDT, DE AF JOHNSTON, LA DONOGHUE, AM OBRIEN, SJ WILDT, DE TI CULTURE-MEDIUM AND PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTATION INFLUENCE INVITRO FERTILIZATION AND EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT IN THE DOMESTIC CAT SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELL MOUSE EMBRYOS; BOVINE SERUM-ALBUMIN; BLASTOCYST STAGE; EPIDIDYMAL SPERMATOZOA; SUPPORTS DEVELOPMENT; FOLLICULAR OOCYTES; HAMSTER EMBRYOS; RABBIT EMBRYOS; AMINO-ACIDS; CO-CULTURE AB The influence of culture medium and protein supplements on in vitro fertilization (IVF) and morula-to-blastocyst development in culture was examined in the domestic cat. In Study I, follicular oocytes were fertilized and cultured in 1) modified Krebs Ringer bicarbonate (mKRB); 2) modified Tyrode's solution (TALP) without phosphate or glucose; or 3) Ham's F10. All media contained bovine serum albumin (BSA). Fertilization rates were similar (P > .05) among mKRB (75.0%), TALP (70.6%), and Ham's F10 (80.0%) treatments. Compared to TALP (77.8%), more (P < .05) embryos in Ham's F10 (95.0%) developed to the morula stage; development of mKRB embryos (88.9%) was intermediate and not different (P > .05). Study II evaluated the effects of protein availability and type on IVF and embryo growth. Ham's F10 was supplemented with polyvinylal-cohol (PVA, 2 mg/ml), BSA (4 mg/ml), fetal calf serum (FCS, 5%), or estrous cat serum (ECS, 5%) and used to fertilize and culture embryos. Fertilization was enhanced (P < .05) using either FCS (84.0%) or ECS (85.2%) compared to PVA (67.3%). Oocytes exposed to BSA fertilized at a rate (76.1%) similar (P > .05) to other treatments. Embryos exposed to all four treatment groups (PVA, 82.8%; BSA, 82.8%; FCS, 92.9%; or ECS, 97.8%) were equally capable (P > .05) of becoming morulae. However, more FCS- or ECS-supplemented morulae continued to the early blastocyst stage (30.8%, 22.2%, respectively, P < .05) than PVA- (10.3%) or BSA- (13.8%) exposed morulae. In the domestic cat IVF system, the type of medium and protein supplement used appears to have a greater impact on embryo development in vitro than on fertilization. There also is a morula-to-blastocyst developmental block for cat embryos resulting from IVF which is partially circumvented by adding serum to the culture medium. Ham's F10 containing FCS or ECS produces the highest incidence of fertilization (approximately 85%), and approximately 2-fold more of these embryos develop in culture to blastocysts compared to embryos supplemented with PVA or BSA. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. NCI,VIRAL CARCINOGENESIS LAB,FREDERICK,MD 21701. NR 54 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0022-104X J9 J EXP ZOOL JI J. Exp. Zool. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 257 IS 3 BP 350 EP 359 DI 10.1002/jez.1402570308 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA FC254 UT WOS:A1991FC25400007 PM 2005424 ER PT J AU KULKARNI, SR PRASAD, S NAKAJIMA, T AF KULKARNI, SR PRASAD, S NAKAJIMA, T TI NOISE IN OPTICAL SYNTHESIS IMAGES .2. SENSITIVITY OF AN NC2 INTERFEROMETER WITH BISPECTRUM IMAGING SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY; APERTURE-SYNTHESIS; LARGE ARRAY; MASKING; STARS AB We study the imaging sensitivity of a ground-based optical array of n apertures in which the beams are combined pairwise, as in radio-interferometric arrays, onto n(n-1)/2 detectors, the so-called (n)C2 interferometer. Ground-based operation forces the use of the fringe power and the bispectrum phasor as the primary observables rather than the simpler and superior observable, the Michelson fringe phasor. At high photon rates we find that bispectral imaging suffers no loss of sensitivity compared with an ideal array (space based) that directly uses the Michelson fringe phasor. In the opposite limit, when the number of photons per spatial coherence area per coherence time drops below unity, the sensitivity of the array drops rapidly relative to an ideal array. In this regime the sensitivity is independent of n, and hence it may be efficient to have many smaller arrays, each operating separately and simultaneously. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR ADV STUDIES,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP KULKARNI, SR (reprint author), CALTECH,PALOMAR OBSERV 105-24,PASADENA,CA 91125, USA. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 8 IS 3 BP 499 EP 510 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.8.000499 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA EY735 UT WOS:A1991EY73500006 ER PT J AU SCHIEWE, MC AF SCHIEWE, MC TI THE SCIENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF EMBRYO CRYOPRESERVATION SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE EMBRYO; CRYOPRESERVATION; GERM PLASM; WILDLIFE ID THAWED BOVINE EMBRYOS; LOW-TEMPERATURE PRESERVATION; PRE-IMPLANTATION EMBRYOS; FROZEN MOUSE EMBRYOS; CATTLE EMBRYOS; VIRAL-INFECTIONS; INVITRO EXPOSURE; DISEASE-CONTROL; COW EMBRYOS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE AB In the past decade, there has been growing public, scientific, and political concern about the loss of genetic diversity in wildlife taxa. Certain biotechniques, such as artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization, could be instrumental in conserving and managing many wildlife species. One key to using these techniques to sustain genetic diversity is the science of germ plasm cryobiology, or our ability to successfully freeze, store, thaw, and use sperm and embryos. This review focuses on the historical and current perspectives of embryo cryobiology, particularly pertaining to hoofed species. In addition to describing current mechanisms on how and why embryos can survive a cryostress, issues relating to the benefits of this technology and areas for future research are also addressed. RP SCHIEWE, MC (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT ANIM HLTH,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 138 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS PI MEDIA PA 6 NORTH PENNELL ROAD, MEDIA, PA 19063 SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 22 IS 1 BP 6 EP 22 PG 17 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA FJ427 UT WOS:A1991FJ42700002 ER PT J AU SCHIEWE, MC BUSH, M DEVOS, V BROWN, JL WILDT, DE AF SCHIEWE, MC BUSH, M DEVOS, V BROWN, JL WILDT, DE TI SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS, SPERM FREEZING, AND ENDOCRINE PROFILES IN FREE-LIVING WILDEBEEST (CONNOCHAETES-TAURINUS) AND GREATER KUDU (TRAGELAPHUS-STREPSICEROS) SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE WILDEBEEST; CONNOCHAETES-TAURINUS; GREATER KUDU; TRAGELAPHUS-STREPSICEROS; ELECTROEJACULATION; SEMEN FREEZING; ENDOCRINE PROFILES ID CRYOPROTECTIVE DILUENT; ACROSOMAL INTEGRITY; LOXODONTA-AFRICANA; MOUSE EMBRYOS; TESTOSTERONE; ELECTROEJACULATION; EJACULATE; CHEETAH; PRESERVATION; PROGESTERONE AB Semen and endocrine characteristics were analyzed in free-living white-bearded wildebeests (Connochaetes taurinus) and greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros). Adult bulls of both species were anesthetized for standardized electroejaculation and serial blood sampling. After assessment, each ejaculate was diluted under field conditions with seven cryoprotective diluents, cooled, pellet-frozen on dry ice, stored in liquid nitrogen, and later evaluated. Mean ejaculatory volume (11.7 vs. 4.4 ml), percent sperm motility (91.0 vs. 59.0), sperm concentration/ml (850 x 10(6) vs. 380 x 10(6)), and number of motile sperm/ejaculate (6,750 x 10(6) vs. 1,090 x 10(6)) were greater (P < 0.01) in wildebeests than in kudu, respectively. Wildebeests produced fewer (P < 0.01) pleiomorphic sperm (20%) and more (P < 0.05) sperm with normal acrosomes (95.9%) than kudu (42.7 and 87.8%, respectively). Based on postthaw percent sperm motility, the diluents ranked high to low were TRIL > BF5F > TRIS > EQ > PDV > TEST > HEPT for wildebeests and EQ > BF5F > TEST > PDV > HEPT > TRIL > TRIS for kudu. For acrosomal integrity, the diluents ranked BF5F > PDV > EQ > TEST > TRIL > HEPT > TRIS for wildebeests and BF5F > EQ > PDV > TEST > TRIL > HEPT > TRIS for kudu. Mean (+/- SEM) and temporal serum luteinizing hormone concentrations did not differ (P > 0.05) between species; however, testosterone levels were sixfold greater (P < 0.01) in wildebeests than in kudu. Electroejaculation elicited a significant cortisol response in wildebeests but not in kudu. Mean circulating cortisol concentrations in electroejaculated and ACTH-treated wildebeests were similar (P > 0.05) but were half the maximal adrenal response measured in ACTH-treated kudu. Following ACTH treatment of wildebeests, mean testosterone level increased markedly (as much as 6.5 ng/ml in individual bulls). This study demonstrates striking variations in seminal/endocrine characteristics between two similar-sized bovids coexisting in the same native habitat. The results illustrate that postthaw sperm viability is highly dependent on species and cryoprotective diluent, an important consideration in formulating sperm banking strategies for wildlife species. C1 KRUGER NATL PK,SKUKUZA,SOUTH AFRICA. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP SCHIEWE, MC (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT ANIM HLTH,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 50 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS PI MEDIA PA 6 NORTH PENNELL ROAD, MEDIA, PA 19063 SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 22 IS 1 BP 58 EP 72 PG 15 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA FJ427 UT WOS:A1991FJ42700007 ER PT J AU CARVALHO, CF HOWARD, J COLLINS, L WEMMER, C BUSH, M WILDT, DE AF CARVALHO, CF HOWARD, J COLLINS, L WEMMER, C BUSH, M WILDT, DE TI CAPTIVE BREEDING OF BLACK-FOOTED FERRETS (MUSTELA-NIGRIPES) AND COMPARATIVE REPRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY IN 1-YEAR-OLD VERSUS 2-YEAR-OLD ANIMALS SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE BLACK-FOOTED FERRET; MUSTELA-NIGRIPES; REPRODUCTION; CAPTIVE BREEDING; VAGINAL CYTOLOGY; PREGNANCY; TESTES ID PREGNANCY AB The recovery effort for the black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes) is one of the most ambitious survival plans ever initiated for a wild animal species. Presently, there are three captive breeding programs for this endangered species in North America. This paper describes the facilities and management protocols for the colony at the Conservation and Research Center of the National Zoological Park. One- and 2-yr-old black-footed ferrets were maintained in an open-air out-of-doors environment under natural light and managed under quarantine conditions. Data were analyzed for impact of age on colony reproductive performance. When standardized to the day of copulation, all females, regardless of age, demonstrated similar (P > 0.05) temporal profiles in vaginal cornification indices and vulvar tumescence. The only distinguishing feature between 1- and 2-yr-old females was that the older animals generally initiated copulatory activity 2-4 wk earlier than yearlings. Mean testes volume in males increased from February to April, but maximal testes volume was reached earlier in the year in older versus younger males. All six females copulated and, with the exception of a single female in both 1989 and 1990, became pregnant and produced young. The mean (+/- SEM) duration of gestation was 42.4 (+/- 0.2) days, and the mean litter size was 3.3 (+/- 0.5) kits. Neither gestation nor litter size were affected by dam age. Five kits survived to weaning in 1989 and 11 kits in 1990. These results demonstrate 1) the feasibility of propagating black-footed ferrets in an out-of-doors facility, and 2) the ability of animals < 1 yr old to become sexually mature, copulate, and produce young. C1 CONSERVAT & RES CTR,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630. RP CARVALHO, CF (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT ANIM HLTH,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS PI MEDIA PA 6 NORTH PENNELL ROAD, MEDIA, PA 19063 SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 22 IS 1 BP 96 EP 106 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA FJ427 UT WOS:A1991FJ42700011 ER PT J AU MUNSON, L MONTALI, RJ AF MUNSON, L MONTALI, RJ TI HIGH PREVALENCE OF OVARIAN-TUMORS IN MANED WOLVES (CHRYSOCYON-BRACHYURUS) AT THE NATIONAL-ZOOLOGICAL-PARK SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE DYSGERMINOMA; GRANULOSA CELL TUMOR; PAPILLARY ADENOMA; OVARIAN TUMOR; MANED WOLF; CHRYSOCYON-BRACHYURUS AB Ovarian neoplams were identified at necropsy or surgery in four of nine adult female maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus) from the Conservation and Research Center of the National Zoological Park. All affected wolves had produced pups 4-9 yr previously. Three of four wolves had dysgerminomas, tumors of primordial germ cell origin that are rare in other mammals. Two of these three wolves were related, and one of the three had extensive metastatic disease. Two of the dysgerminomas were in the ovarian stalk, an atypical location for primordial germ cells. The high prevalence of dysgerminomas in this population may be due to environmental or genetic factors. Another maned wolf had a granulosa cell tumor (Sertoli pattern) and an ovarian papillary adenoma, which are common in domestic dogs. These tumors were accompanied by endometrial carcinoma, endometrial hyperplasia, and pyometra, suggesting an endocrine function of the granulosa cell tumor. The high prevalence of ovarian neoplasia represents another major health problem in this endangered species. RP MUNSON, L (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS PI MEDIA PA 6 NORTH PENNELL ROAD, MEDIA, PA 19063 SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 22 IS 1 BP 125 EP 129 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA FJ427 UT WOS:A1991FJ42700015 ER PT J AU JORDAN, TE CORRELL, DL MIKLAS, J WELLER, DE AF JORDAN, TE CORRELL, DL MIKLAS, J WELLER, DE TI NUTRIENTS AND CHLOROPHYLL AT THE INTERFACE OF A WATERSHED AND AN ESTUARY SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CHESAPEAKE BAY; NATURAL PHYTOPLANKTON; NITROGEN LIMITATION; RIVER ESTUARY; RHODE RIVER; FRESH-WATER; SEDIMENTS; PHOSPHORUS; BRACKISH; PHOSPHATE AB We investigated the fates of nutrients entering the Rhode River estuary from its watershed and from atmospheric deposition. Production or consumption of materials in the upper estuary was calculated from a mixing model with chloride as a conservative tracer. The upper estuary produced chlorophyll and dissolved PO4(3-) (DPO4(3-)) but consumed particulate PO4(3-) (PPO4(3-)), total inorganic N, dissolved organic N, and particulate organic C. These net fluxes were influenced more by shallow, open-water areas than by the tidal marshes which cover two-thirds of the area of the upper estuary. Ratios of chlorophyll to organic C, N, and P suggest that most of the suspended particulate organic matter in the upper estuary was produced by phytoplankton rather than derived from watershed inputs. The consumption of nitrate due to phytoplankton production and the production of DPO4(3-) due to release from particulate P after deposition in sediments resulted in low inorganic N:P ratios, contrasting sharply with the lower estuary and adjacent Chesapeake Bay. Dissolved inorganic N and P entered the upper estuary from the watershed at an atomic ratio of 26 but left the upper estuary at a ratio of 2.7. The release of DPO4(3-) from watershed-derived sediments may be a common feature among estuaries and could promote N limitation of primary production in estuarine and coastal waters. RP JORDAN, TE (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,POB 28,EDGEWATER,MD 21037, USA. OI Weller, Donald/0000-0002-7629-5437 NR 46 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPH PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 SN 0024-3590 J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR JI Limnol. Oceanogr. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 36 IS 2 BP 251 EP 267 PG 17 WC Limnology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA FQ787 UT WOS:A1991FQ78700003 ER PT J AU FORMAN, P AF FORMAN, P TI INTELLECTUAL MASTERY OF NATURE - THEORETICAL PHYSICS FROM OHM TO EINSTEIN, VOL 1, THE TORCH OF MATHEMATICS, 1800-1870, VOL 2, THE NOW MIGHTY THEORETICAL PHYSICS, 1870-1925 - JUNGNICKEL,C, MCCORMMACH,R SO PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE LA English DT Book Review C1 NYU,NEW YORK,NY 10003. RP FORMAN, P (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU PHILOSOPHY SCI ASSN PI E LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV-DEPT PHIL 18 MORRILL HALL, E LANSING, MI 48824 SN 0031-8248 J9 PHILOS SCI JI Philos. Sci. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 58 IS 1 BP 129 EP 132 DI 10.1086/289603 PG 4 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA FB697 UT WOS:A1991FB69700008 ER PT J AU SHERTZER, J LEVIN, FS AF SHERTZER, J LEVIN, FS TI SOLUTION OF 3-BODY COULOMB PROBLEMS FOR J=0 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Note ID FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS; MUONIC MOLECULES; HYDROGEN AB The Schrodinger equation for the S state of the three-body system with arbitrary charge and mass has been solved directly using finite-element analysis. In this analysis, the wave function is approximated piecewise using polynomial interpolation functions. The energy and wave function converge to their exact values as the number of elements is increased. In contrast to standard variational calculations, the error in the expectation value of physical observables is comparable to the error in the energy. Results are reported here for the helium atom and the muonic molecular ion dd-mu+. C1 BROWN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. RP SHERTZER, J (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,INST THEORET ATOM & MOLEC PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 18 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 5 BP 2531 EP 2534 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.2531 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA EZ702 UT WOS:A1991EZ70200045 ER PT J AU ADAMS, ES AF ADAMS, ES TI NEST-MATE RECOGNITION BASED ON HERITABLE ODORS IN THE TERMITE MICROCEROTERMES-ARBOREUS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE AGGRESSION; ISOPTERA; KIN RECOGNITION; SOCIAL INSECTS ID KIN RECOGNITION; COLONIES; ANTS; CUES AB Workers of the Neotropical termite Microcerotermes arboreus distinguish nest mates from other conspecifics by odor. A controlled breeding experiment demonstrated a genetic component to variation in colony odors. Workers were less aggressive toward unfamiliar relatives than toward non-relatives and distinguished degree of relatedness among unfamiliar workers. Unfamiliar relatives were attacked more often than nest mates, despite similar levels of genetic relatedness; thus, nest-mate recognition is not based solely upon heritable characteristics of individual workers. No difference was detected between the effects of cues inherited through the mother and cues inherited through the father. C1 SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. NR 20 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 88 IS 5 BP 2031 EP 2034 DI 10.1073/pnas.88.5.2031 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FA140 UT WOS:A1991FA14000091 PM 11607159 ER PT J AU ROSENBERGER, AL SETOGUCHI, T HARTWIG, WC AF ROSENBERGER, AL SETOGUCHI, T HARTWIG, WC TI LAVENTIANA-ANNECTENS, NEW GENUS AND SPECIES - FOSSIL EVIDENCE FOR THE ORIGINS OF CALLITRICHINE NEW-WORLD MONKEYS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE PLATYRRHINES; LA-VENTA; MARMOSETS; MIOCENE ID MIOCENE AB A previously unidentified middle Miocene primate from the La Venta deposits of Colombia is intermediate between squirrel monkeys (Saimiri) and callitrichines (marmosets and tamarins) in the morphology of the lower molars, mandible, and talus. Laventiana annectens is closely related to Saimiri and to Cebus (capuchin monkeys) yet resembles the probable callitrichine morphotype, demonstrating that archaic relatives of a Saimiri-like stock were suitable structural ancestors for the enigmatic callitrichines. Laventiana is also more primitive than Saimiri (= Neosaimiri) fieldsi from the same fauna, further increasing the likelihood that the latter is a lineal ancestor of modern squirrel monkeys. C1 KYOTO UNIV,PRIMATE RES INST,AICHI 404,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ANTHROPOL,HUMAN EVOLUT STUDIES LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP ROSENBERGER, AL (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT ZOOL RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 30 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 88 IS 6 BP 2137 EP 2140 DI 10.1073/pnas.88.6.2137 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FC216 UT WOS:A1991FC21600022 PM 1900937 ER PT J AU WASHBURN, WE AF WASHBURN, WE TI CULTURAL HISTORY AND MATERIAL CULTURE - EVERYDAY LIFE, LANDSCAPES, MUSEUMS - SCHLERETH,TJ SO PUBLIC HISTORIAN LA English DT Book Review RP WASHBURN, WE (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,OFF AMER STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIF PRESS PI BERKELEY PA JOURNALS DEPT 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 SN 0272-3433 J9 PUBL HISTORIAN JI Public Hist. PD SPR PY 1991 VL 13 IS 2 BP 53 EP 60 PG 8 WC History SC History GA FY062 UT WOS:A1991FY06200006 ER PT J AU EPSTEIN, M AF EPSTEIN, M TI AFTER THE FUTURE - ON THE NEW CONSCIOUSNESS IN LITERATURE SO SOUTH ATLANTIC QUARTERLY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON SOVIET CULTURE TODAY : RESTRUCTURING THE PAST OR INVENTING THE FUTURE CY MAR, 1990 CL DUKE UNIV, DURHAM, NC SP INT RES & EXCHANGES BOARD, SOROS FDN, UNIV N CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL, CURRICULUM RUSSIAN & E EUROPEAN STUDIES, DUKE UNIV HO DUKE UNIV C1 WESLEYAN UNIV,MIDDLETOWN,CT 06457. RP EPSTEIN, M (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU DUKE UNIV PRESS PI DURHAM PA BOX 90660, DURHAM, NC 27708-0660 SN 0038-2876 J9 S ATL QUART JI South Atl. Q. PD SPR PY 1991 VL 90 IS 2 BP 409 EP 444 PG 36 WC Cultural Studies; Literary Reviews SC Cultural Studies; Literature GA FJ959 UT WOS:A1991FJ95900009 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, HE AF WRIGHT, HE TI ETCHED IN MEMORY - THE BUILDING AND SURVIVAL OF ARTISTIC REPUTATION - LANG,GE, LANG,K SO WINTERTHUR PORTFOLIO-A JOURNAL OF AMERICAN MATERIAL CULTURE LA English DT Book Review RP WRIGHT, HE (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL MUSEUM AMER HIST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0084-0416 J9 WINTERTHUR PORTFOLIO JI Winterthur Portfol.-J. Amer. Mater. Cult. PD SPR PY 1991 VL 26 IS 1 BP 102 EP 105 DI 10.1086/496526 PG 4 WC Art SC Art GA FW955 UT WOS:A1991FW95500013 ER PT J AU SPORLE, J BECKER, H ALLEN, NS GUPTA, MP AF SPORLE, J BECKER, H ALLEN, NS GUPTA, MP TI OCCURRENCE OF (-)-GEOSMIN AND OTHER TERPENOIDS IN AN AXENIC CULTURE OF THE LIVERWORT SYMPHYOGYNA-BRONGNIARTII SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG C-A JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE SYMPHYOGYNA-BRONGNIARTIJ; HEPATICAE; INVITRO CULTURE; GEOSMIN; TERPENOID PRODUCTION ID PORELLA-PERROTTETIANA; JUNGERMANNIA; DITERPENES; HEPATICAE AB An axenic culture of Symphyogyna brongniartii has been initiated from spores on modified Benecke medium. Growth was best on Gamborg B 5 medium with 0.3% sucrose, with a doubling time of 36 days. The culture produced the same terpenoids as plants growing in their natural habitat, perrottetianal A being the major constituent. Also found were bicyclogermacrene, beta-barbatene, delta-selinene, beta-cubebene, spathulenol, and (-)-geosmin. The latter compound was hittherto only known from microorganisms. Synthesis rate of terpenoids during the passage period and quantitative differences in terpenoid production on different mineral media were investigated. C1 UNIV SAARLAND,INST PHARMAKOGNOSIE & ANALYT PHYTOCHEM,W-6600 SAARBRUCKEN,GERMANY. SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. UNIV PANAMA,COLL PHARM,OAS,FLORPAN,PHARMACOGNOSY RES UNIT,PANAMA CITY,PANAMA. UNIV PANAMA,SPECIALIZED INST ANAL,PANAMA CITY,PANAMA. OI Gupta, Mahabir/0000-0002-9302-7864 NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU VERLAG Z NATURFORSCH PI TUBINGEN PA POSTFACH 2645, W-7400 TUBINGEN, GERMANY SN 0939-5075 J9 Z NATURFORSCH C JI Z.Naturforsch.(C) PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 46 IS 3-4 BP 183 EP 188 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FJ898 UT WOS:A1991FJ89800004 ER PT J AU SOKER, N BREGMAN, JN SARAZIN, CL AF SOKER, N BREGMAN, JN SARAZIN, CL TI STRIPPED INTERSTELLAR GAS IN CLUSTER COOLING FLOWS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES, CLUSTERING; GALAXIES, INTERACTIONS; GALAXIES, INTERSTELLAR MATTER ID EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; THERMAL-INSTABILITY; ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES; H-I; RAY; ENVIRONMENT AB We suggest that nonlinear perturbations which lead to thermal instabilities in cooling flows might start as blobs of interstellar gas which are stripped out of cluster galaxies. Assuming that most of the gas produced by stellar mass loss in cluster galaxies is stripped from the galaxies, the total rate of such stripping is roughly M(ISM) approximately 100 M. yr-1, which is similar to the rates of cooling in cluster cooling flows. It is possible that a substantial portion of the cooling gas originates as blobs of interstellar gas stripped from galaxies. The magnetic fields within and outside of the low-entropy perturbations may help to maintain their identities by suppressing both thermal conduction and Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities. These density fluctuations may disrupt the propagation of radio jets through the intracluster gas, which may be one mechanism for producing wide-angle-tail radio galaxies. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT ASTRON,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT ASTRON,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903. RP SOKER, N (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,MAIL STOP 15,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 43 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 1991 VL 368 IS 2 BP 341 EP 347 DI 10.1086/169698 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EX185 UT WOS:A1991EX18500003 ER PT J AU CRUSIUSWATZEL, AR AF CRUSIUSWATZEL, AR TI SATURATION OF THE SYNCHROTRON MEGAMASER SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES, NUCLEI; MASERS; PLASMAS; RADIATION MECHANISMS ID RANDOM MAGNETIC-FIELDS; THERMAL PLASMA; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; SHOCK ACCELERATION; MASER EMISSION; SPIRAL GALAXY; H2O MASERS; RADIATION; WAVES; NGC-3079 AB The central engine of an active galactic nucleus with accretion shocks in a high-density and high-temperature plasma is a natural site for the relevant physical processes that may lead to coherent emission of synchrotron radiation, called synchrotron maser (SM). The acceleration of particles to a quasi-monoenergetic distribution function is discussed. Expressions for the width and the spectral shape of the SM "line" are derived. Some properties and conditions that can restrict the operation of a SM are investigated. Detailed calculations of the saturation of the radiation output from a region in space containing a SM are presented. This is coupled to the relaxation of the initially peaked distribution of relativistic electrons to a plateau. Both the stationary state and the time-dependent case are considered. Saturated optical depths and gain factors are derived for various geometries of the emission region. The possibility of molecular line amplification to megamaser luminosities by the SM is also considered. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 1991 VL 368 IS 2 BP 390 EP 405 DI 10.1086/169704 PN 1 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EX185 UT WOS:A1991EX18500009 ER PT J AU BROWN, TM GILLILAND, RL NOYES, RW RAMSEY, LW AF BROWN, TM GILLILAND, RL NOYES, RW RAMSEY, LW TI DETECTION OF POSSIBLE P-MODE OSCILLATIONS ON PROCYON SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE STARS, INDIVIDUAL (ALPHA-CANIS MINORIS); STARS, PULSATION ID RADIAL-VELOCITY VARIATIONS; SOLAR SEISMOLOGY; STELLAR AGES; SPECTRUM; ARCTURUS AB In the course of a search for solar-like oscillations in bright late-type stars, we have observed Doppler variability in the F5 subgiant Procyon. The variations have frequencies within a 1.1 mHz range centered at 0.9 mHz, and a total rms amplitude within that range of 2.5 m s-1. Observations of Arcturus and scattered sunlight made with the same equipment during the same time interval show no such variation, indicating that the variations seen on Procyon are of stellar origin. The Doppler signal seen is entirely consistent with solar-like p-modes on Procyon, with maximum mode amplitudes of about 50 cm s-1 and periods around 20 minutes. Several statistical tests support the identification of the signal with narrow-band oscillations, but none does so conclusively. Assuming that the signal does arise from p-modes, there is evidence that the frequency splitting nu-0 is 71-mu-Hz. We emphasize, however, that the data do not permit a definitive estimate of this quantity, and other values of nu-0 fit the observations about equally well. In order to clarify the sources of ambiguity in this and similar observations, we describe in detail the data acquisition, reduction, and interpretation. C1 SPACE TELESCOPE SCI INST,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. RP BROWN, TM (reprint author), NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES,HIGH ALTITUDE OBSERV,POB 3000,BOULDER,CO 80307, USA. NR 31 TC 261 Z9 262 U1 3 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 1991 VL 368 IS 2 BP 599 EP 609 DI 10.1086/169725 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EX185 UT WOS:A1991EX18500030 ER PT J AU CERNICHARO, J GOTTLIEB, CA GUELIN, M KILLIAN, TC THADDEUS, P VRTILEK, JM AF CERNICHARO, J GOTTLIEB, CA GUELIN, M KILLIAN, TC THADDEUS, P VRTILEK, JM TI ASTRONOMICAL DETECTION OF H2CCC SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The carbon-chain carbene H2CCCC, a highly polar isomer of diacetylene recently identified in the laboratory, has been detected in the circumstellar shell of IRC + 10216 with the IRAM 30 m telescope. Eight transitions between 80 and 135 GHz have been assigned, all but two of the ortho symmetry species. The rotational temperature of H2CCCC in IRC + 10216 is 20 +/- 3 K, and the column density averaged over the approximately 25" beam sequence of cumulene carbenes, also recently identified in TMC-1. C1 CTR ASTRON YEBES,GUADALAJARA,SPAIN. HARVARD UNIV,DIV APPL SCI,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV GRENOBLE 1,IRAM,F-38402 ST MARTIN DHERES,FRANCE. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NR 11 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 1991 VL 368 IS 2 BP L43 EP L45 DI 10.1086/185944 PN 2 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EX186 UT WOS:A1991EX18600006 ER PT J AU CERNICHARO, J GOTTLIEB, CA GUELIN, M KILLIAN, TC PAUBERT, G THADDEUS, P VRTILEK, JM AF CERNICHARO, J GOTTLIEB, CA GUELIN, M KILLIAN, TC PAUBERT, G THADDEUS, P VRTILEK, JM TI ASTRONOMICAL DETECTION OF H2CCC SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CYCLOPROPENYLIDENE; CLOUD; C3H2 AB H2CCC, an isomer of the widely distributed interstellar ring C3H2, has been detected in the TMC-1 and possibly IRC + 10216 with the IRAM 30 m telescope, following a recent laboratory determination of the rotational spectrum of this new type of highly polar carbon chain. The rotational temperature of H2CCC in TMC-1, like that of other highly polar molecules in this source, is very low: 4-6 K; the column density is also fairly low: (2.5 +/- 0.5) x 10(12) cm-2, slightly more than 1% that of the cyclic isomer. C1 CTR ASTRON YEBES,GUADALAJARA,SPAIN. HARVARD UNIV,DIV APPL SCI,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV GRENOBLE 1,IRAM,F-38402 ST MARTIN DHERES,FRANCE. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NR 16 TC 125 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 1991 VL 368 IS 2 BP L39 EP L41 DI 10.1086/185943 PN 2 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EX186 UT WOS:A1991EX18600005 ER PT J AU BABB, JF DALGARNO, A AF BABB, JF DALGARNO, A TI ELECTRON-NUCLEAR COUPLING IN THE HYPERFINE-STRUCTURE OF THE HYDROGEN MOLECULAR ION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY AB A perturbation theory for determining the electron-nuclear coupling corrections to the adiabatic expectation values of operators of molecular systems is developed and applied to the hyperfine Hamiltonian of the hydrogen molecular ion. The expectation values of the Fermi contact parameter for the rotation-vibration states N = 1, upsilon = 4-8 are compared with experimental results. Previous adiabatic expectation values differ from the empirical values by about 600 kHz. Inclusion of the first-order corrections reduces the discrepancies to less than 9 kHz. RP BABB, JF (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,INST THEORET ATOM & MOLEC PHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. OI Babb, James/0000-0002-3883-9501 NR 13 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 18 PY 1991 VL 66 IS 7 BP 880 EP 882 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.880 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA EX578 UT WOS:A1991EX57800010 ER PT J AU CHERNIN, LM BLUNDELL, R AF CHERNIN, LM BLUNDELL, R TI HARMONIC MIXING IN A SUPERCONDUCTOR-INSULATOR-NORMAL METAL TUNNEL JUNCTION RECEIVER SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Note ID MIXERS AB We have investigated the theoretical performance of a subharmonically pumped Pb/Bi/In-oxide-Ag superconductor-insulator-normal metal mixer and found excellent receiver noise performance for signal frequencies above the gap frequency, DELTA/h, if the junction is biased at zero volts. This type of mixer needs no pair current suppression and can use local oscillator power more efficiently than a fundamental mixer. RP CHERNIN, LM (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. OI Tong, Edward/0000-0002-7736-4203 NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 1991 VL 69 IS 4 BP 2682 EP 2684 DI 10.1063/1.348665 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA EZ664 UT WOS:A1991EZ66400135 ER PT J AU ADAMS, FC FREESE, K GUTH, AH AF ADAMS, FC FREESE, K GUTH, AH TI CONSTRAINTS ON THE SCALAR-FIELD POTENTIAL IN INFLATIONARY MODELS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID EXTENDED INFLATION; UNIVERSE SCENARIO; PHASE-TRANSITION; PERTURBATIONS; PRESCRIPTION; COSMOLOGY; FLATNESS; HORIZON AB In this paper, we quantify the degree of fine tuning required for successful inflationary scenarios. We define a "fine-tuning" parameter lambda to be the ratio of the change in the potential DELTA-V to the change in the scalar field (DELTA-psi)4., i.e., lambda measures the required degree of flatness in the potential. For a quartic polynomial potential, the quartic coupling constant lambda-q is bounded by \lambda-q\ less-than-or-equal-to 36-lambda. For a general class of inflationary models involving a slowly rolling field, we find that the potential must be very flat, with a fine-tuning parameter lambda less-than-or-similar-to 10(-6)-10(-8). The recently proposed "extended" inflationary scenario is even more tightly constrained, with lambda less-than-or-similar-to 10(-15). C1 MIT,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. MIT,CTR THEORET PHYS,NUCL SCI LAB,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP ADAMS, FC (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 29 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 15 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 4 BP 965 EP 976 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.43.965 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EX994 UT WOS:A1991EX99400002 ER PT J AU SPERGEL, DN TUROK, N PRESS, WH RYDEN, BS AF SPERGEL, DN TUROK, N PRESS, WH RYDEN, BS TI GLOBAL TEXTURE AS THE ORIGIN OF LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE - NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF EVOLUTION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB Numerical simulations explore the evolution of global texture in an expanding universe. The evolution is surprisingly simple-"knots," regions with a nonzero winding number, collapse and unwind at a fixed rate per horizon volume per horizon time; the comoving density of knots n unwinding in a conformal time interval d-eta obeys dn/d-eta congruent-to 0.04-eta-4. During each collapse, asymmetries are damped and the texture knots appear to approach an exact spherically symmetric scaling solution. The locations of the knots are anticorrelated on scales smaller than the horizon scale and uncorrelated on larger scales. We calculate the density and pressure in the texture "scaling solution" in the matter and radiation eras. We estimate (in a universe dominated by cold dark matter with OMEGA = 1) that of order ten knots of angular radius of order 8-degrees should be visible on the microwave sky. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,JOSEPH HENRY LABS,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP SPERGEL, DN (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV OBSERV,PEYTON HALL,PRINCETON,NJ 08544, USA. RI Ryden, Barbara/F-9057-2012; Spergel, David/A-4410-2011; OI Ryden, Barbara/0000-0001-8164-8703 NR 14 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 15 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1038 EP 1046 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.43.1038 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EX994 UT WOS:A1991EX99400008 ER PT J AU PETERSON, BM BALONEK, TJ BARKER, ES BECHTOLD, J BERTRAM, R BOCHKAREV, NG BOLTE, MJ BOND, D BOROSON, TA CARINI, MT CARONE, TE CHRISTENSEN, JA CLEMENTS, SD COCHRAN, AL COHEN, RD CRAMPTON, D DIETRICH, M ELVIS, M FERGUSON, A FILIPPENKO, AV FRICKE, KJ GASKELL, CM HALPERN, JP HUCHRA, JP HUTCHINGS, JB KOLLATSCHNY, W KORATKAR, AP KORISTA, KT KROLIK, JH LAME, NJ LAOR, A LEACOCK, RJ MACALPINE, GM MALKAN, MA MAOZ, D MILLER, HR MORRIS, SL NETZER, H OLIVEIRA, CLM PENFOLD, J PENSTON, MV PEREZ, E POGGE, RW RICHMOND, MW ROMANISHIN, W ROSENBLATT, EI SADDLEMYER, L SADUN, A SAWYER, SR SHIELDS, JC SHAPOVALOVA, AI SMITH, AG SMITH, HA SMITH, PS SUN, WH THIELE, U TURNER, TJ VEILLEUX, S WAGNER, RM WEYMANN, RJ WILKES, BJ WILLS, BJ WILLS, D YOUNGER, PF AF PETERSON, BM BALONEK, TJ BARKER, ES BECHTOLD, J BERTRAM, R BOCHKAREV, NG BOLTE, MJ BOND, D BOROSON, TA CARINI, MT CARONE, TE CHRISTENSEN, JA CLEMENTS, SD COCHRAN, AL COHEN, RD CRAMPTON, D DIETRICH, M ELVIS, M FERGUSON, A FILIPPENKO, AV FRICKE, KJ GASKELL, CM HALPERN, JP HUCHRA, JP HUTCHINGS, JB KOLLATSCHNY, W KORATKAR, AP KORISTA, KT KROLIK, JH LAME, NJ LAOR, A LEACOCK, RJ MACALPINE, GM MALKAN, MA MAOZ, D MILLER, HR MORRIS, SL NETZER, H OLIVEIRA, CLM PENFOLD, J PENSTON, MV PEREZ, E POGGE, RW RICHMOND, MW ROMANISHIN, W ROSENBLATT, EI SADDLEMYER, L SADUN, A SAWYER, SR SHIELDS, JC SHAPOVALOVA, AI SMITH, AG SMITH, HA SMITH, PS SUN, WH THIELE, U TURNER, TJ VEILLEUX, S WAGNER, RM WEYMANN, RJ WILKES, BJ WILLS, BJ WILLS, D YOUNGER, PF TI STEPS TOWARD DETERMINATION OF THE SIZE AND STRUCTURE OF THE BROAD-LINE REGION IN ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI .2. AN INTENSIVE STUDY OF NGC-5548 AT OPTICAL WAVELENGTHS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES, INDIVIDUAL (NGC 5548); GALAXIES, SEYFERT; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY ID SEYFERT-GALAXIES; STANDARD STARS; VARIABILITY; QUASARS AB We report on a large, international program of ground-based optical spectroscopy and photometry of the variable Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 5548 undertaken in support of an IUE monitoring campaign described by Clavel and coworkers. In this contribution, we present the data base and describe the methods used to correct for systematic differences between spectra from different sources. Optical continuum and H-beta emission-line continuum is qualitatively the same as the ultraviolet and optical continuum measurements the behavior of the ultraviolet continuum. Cross-correlation of the ultraviolet and optical continuum measurements does not reveal any significant lag between them. The H-beta does not reveal any significant lag between them. The H-beta emission-line variations show the same basic pattern as seen in the continuum and ultraviolet emission lines, with H-beta lagging behind the continuum by approximately 20 days. This is significantly larger than the approximately 10 day lag deduced for Ly-alpha. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,LICK OBSERV,MT HAMILTON,CA 95140. COLGATE UNIV,HAMILTON,NY 13346. MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV,STERNBERG STATE ASTRON INST,MOSCOW 117234,USSR. UNIV TEXAS,DEPT ASTRON,AUSTIN,TX 78712. NATL RES COUNCIL CANADA,DOMINION ASTROPHYS OBSERV,OTTAWA K1A 0R6,ONTARIO,CANADA. NATL OPT ASTRON OBSERV,KITT PEAK NATL OBSERV,TUCSON,AZ 85726. UNIV ARIZONA,LUNAR & PLANETARY LAB W,TUCSON,AZ 85721. UNIV FLORIDA,ROSEMARY HILL OBSERV,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. UNIV STERNWARTE GOTTINGEN,W-3400 GOTTINGEN,GERMANY. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT ASTRON,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,NEW YORK,NY 10027. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. TEL AVIV UNIV,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. TEL AVIV UNIV,WISE OBSERV,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. MT ROYAL COLL,DEPT MATH PHYS & ENGN,CALGARY T3E 6K6,ALBERTA,CANADA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ASTRON,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. ROYAL GREENWICH OBSERV,HAILSHAM BN27 1RP,E SUSSEX,ENGLAND. UNIV OKLAHOMA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NORMAN,OK 73019. INST ASTROFIS CANARIAS,E-38200 LA LAGUNA,SPAIN. ACAD SCI USSR,SPECIAL ASTROPHYS OBSERV,MOSCOW V-71,USSR. AGNES SCOTT COLL,DECATUR,GA 30030. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,E LANSING,MI 48824. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ASTRON & SOLAR PHYS LAB,GREENBELT,MD 20771. NATL CENT UNIV,INST PHYS & ASTRON,CHUNGLI 32054,TAIWAN. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYS,GREENBELT,MD 20771. MAX PLANCK INST ASTRON,W-6900 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. UNIV TEXAS,MCDONALD OBSERV,AUSTIN,TX 78712. UNIV ARIZONA,STEWARD OBSERV,TUCSON,AZ 85724. GEORGIA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ATLANTA,GA 30303. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE SCI,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,DEPT ASTRON,VANCOUVER V6T 1W5,BC,CANADA. RP PETERSON, BM (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. RI Morris, Simon/G-7981-2011; Mendes de Oliveira, Claudia/F-2391-2012; OI Morris, Simon/0000-0003-4866-110X; Mendes de Oliveira, Claudia/0000-0002-7736-4297; SUN, WEI-HSIN/0000-0002-7474-8658; Gaskell, C/0000-0003-4888-2009; Wilkes, Belinda/0000-0003-1809-2364; Perez, Enrique/0000-0001-9737-4559 NR 15 TC 252 Z9 252 U1 0 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 1991 VL 368 IS 1 BP 119 EP 137 DI 10.1086/169675 PN 1 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EU508 UT WOS:A1991EU50800011 ER PT J AU RUBIO, M GARAY, G MONTANI, J THADDEUS, P AF RUBIO, M GARAY, G MONTANI, J THADDEUS, P TI A (CO)-C-12 SURVEY OF THE SMALL MAGELLANIC CLOUD SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES, MAGELLANIC CLOUDS; INTERSTELLAR, MOLECULES ID IRREGULAR GALAXIES; CARBON-MONOXIDE; SEARCH; CALIBRATION; EMISSION; DIFFUSE; LINE; CO AB The central 2-degrees x 2-degrees area of the Small Magellanic Cloud has been fully surveyed in the J = 1-->0 rotational transition of (CO)-C-12 at an angular resolution of 8'.8. Most of the emission arises from two large complexes, located in the southwest and northeast regions of the Bar, closely associated with the most intense H I emission from the SMC. Five individual molecular clouds have been identified; their peak antenna temperatures are very weak, approximately 0.035 K. We suggest that for the SMC the conversion factor to derive the column density of molecular hydrogen from the velocity-integrated CO line emission is 6 x 10(21) cm-2 K-1 km-1 s, which is about 20 times higher than the value adopted for our Galaxy. The total mass of molecular gas in the SMC is estimated to be 3 x 10(7) M., implying a ratio of molecular to atomic mass of roughly 7%. C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP RUBIO, M (reprint author), UNIV CHILE,DEPT ASTRON,CASILLA 36-D,SANTIAGO,CHILE. RI Garay, Guido/H-8840-2013 OI Garay, Guido/0000-0003-1649-7958 NR 29 TC 95 Z9 95 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 1991 VL 368 IS 1 BP 173 EP 177 DI 10.1086/169680 PN 1 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EU508 UT WOS:A1991EU50800016 ER PT J AU NEUFELD, DA MELNICK, GJ AF NEUFELD, DA MELNICK, GJ TI EXCITATION OF MILLIMETER AND SUBMILLIMETER WATER MASERS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE INTERSTELLAR, MOLECULES; MASERS; STARS, CIRCUMSTELLAR SHELLS; STARS, FORMATION; STARS, LATE-TYPE ID INTER-STELLAR SHOCKS; LATE-TYPE STARS; OH-IR STARS; MOLECULE FORMATION; INFRARED-EMISSION; H2O MASERS; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; MODEL; CLOUD; LINES AB We consider the excitation of maser emission in millimeter and submillimeter transitions of interstellar and circumstellar water. With the use of an escape probability method, we have determined the equilibrium populations in 349 rotational states of both ortho- and para-water under varying conditions of gas temperature, density, water abundance, and radiation field. Our results show that under suitable conditions, collisional excitation of warm (1000 K) interstellar gas may result in significant maser action in a total of 22 centimeter, millimeter, and submillimeter transitions of H2O. Under favorable meteorological conditions, several of these transitions might be detected from mountaintop observatories, and all of them are potentially observable from airborne altitudes. We describe the physical conditions needed to excite saturated maser action in each line, and we compute the expected emissivity when the criterion for saturation is met. We discuss the maser spectrum expected both from outflows surrounding late-type stars and from the interstellar shocks that have been proposed as the origin of 22 GHz masers in star-forming regions. We use our results to interpret the recent discoveries of maser action in the 321 GHz 10(29)-9(36) and 183 GHz 3(13)-2(20) lines of H2O, and we discuss the possibility that additional masing transitions may be detected in the future. In particular, we show that 183 GHz maser emission will almost inevitably be accompanied by maser emission in the 325 GHz 5(15)-4(22) line, a prediction which has recently motivated the search for-and discovery of-the 325 GHz water maser. Finally, we show how a comparison of maser luminosities in several lines along with future interferometric observations at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths can serve as valuable diagnostic probes of the physical conditions in the emitting gas. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NR 42 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 1991 VL 368 IS 1 BP 215 EP 230 DI 10.1086/169685 PN 1 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EU508 UT WOS:A1991EU50800021 ER PT J AU OWOCKI, SP RYBICKI, GB AF OWOCKI, SP RYBICKI, GB TI INSTABILITIES IN LINE-DRIVEN STELLAR WINDS .5. EFFECT OF AN OPTICALLY THICK CONTINUUM SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE RADIATIVE TRANSFER; STARS, WINDS; STARS, WOLF-RAYET ID SOBOLEV APPROXIMATION; ABSORPTION; OPACITY; FORCE AB We extend our earlier analyses of the linear instability of line-driven stellar winds to the case, relevant to Wolf-Rayet stars, in which the continuum remains optically thick well above the sonic point. We find that an optically thick flow driven by pure scattering lines is stabilized by the drag effect of the diffuse, scattered radiation. However, even a relatively small photon destruction probability epsilon can cause a flow with continuum optical thickness tau-c >> 1 to remain unstable, with a growth rate of epsilon-tau-c-omega*, where omega* is the usual large growth rate that applies in the outer, optically thin part of the wind. The implications of these results for the variability characteristics of winds from Wolf-Rayet stars are briefly discussed. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP OWOCKI, SP (reprint author), UNIV DELAWARE,BARTOL RES INST,NEWARK,DE 19716, USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 1991 VL 368 IS 1 BP 261 EP 263 DI 10.1086/169689 PN 1 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EU508 UT WOS:A1991EU50800025 ER PT J AU MOLLAAGHABABA, R GOTTLIEB, CA VRTILEK, JM THADDEUS, P AF MOLLAAGHABABA, R GOTTLIEB, CA VRTILEK, JM THADDEUS, P TI THE MILLIMETER-WAVE SPECTRUM OF HIGHLY VIBRATIONALLY EXCITED SIO SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE INTERSTELLAR-MOLECULES; LABORATORY SPECTRA; LINE IDENTIFICATIONS; MOLECULAR PROCESSES; RADIO SOURCES-LINES; STARS-CIRCUMSTELLAR SHELLS ID MOLECULAR LINE SURVEY; SILICON MONOXIDE; SAGITTARIUS B2; ORION-A; EMISSION; STATES; GHZ; CO AB The millimeter-wave rotational spectra of SiO in high vibrational states (v = 0-40) in its electronic ground (chi1-sigma-+) state were measured between 228 and 347 GHz in a laboratory discharge through SiH4 and CO. On ascending the vibrational ladder, populations decline precipitously for the first few levels, with a vibrational temperature of about 1000 K; at v almost-equal-to 3, however, they markedly flatten out, and from there to v almost-equal-to 40 the temperature is of the order of 10,000 K. With the Dunham coefficients determined here, the rotational spectrum of highly vibrationally excited SiO can now be calculated into the far-infrared to accuracies required for radioastronomy (i.e., greater-than-or-similar-to 1 km s-1). Possible astronomical sources of highly vibrationally excited SiO are certain stellar atmospheres, ultracompact H II regions, very young supernova ejecta, and dense interstellar shocks. C1 HARVARD UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP MOLLAAGHABABA, R (reprint author), HARVARD UNIV,DIV APPL SCI,29 OXFORD ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 16 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 1991 VL 368 IS 1 BP L19 EP L22 DI 10.1086/185938 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EU510 UT WOS:A1991EU51000005 ER PT J AU DUDLEY, R KING, VA WASSERSUG, RJ AF DUDLEY, R KING, VA WASSERSUG, RJ TI THE IMPLICATIONS OF SHAPE AND METAMORPHOSIS FOR DRAG FORCES ON A GENERALIZED POND TADPOLE (RANA-CATESBEIANA) SO COPEIA LA English DT Note ID KINEMATICS C1 DALHOUSIE UNIV,DEPT ANAT,SIR CHARLES TUPPER MED BLDG,HALIFAX B3H 4H7,NS,CANADA. RP DUDLEY, R (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,MIAMI,FL 34002, USA. NR 16 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS BUSINESS OFFICE PI CARBONDALE PA SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV, DEPT ZOOLOGY, CARBONDALE, IL 62901-6501 SN 0045-8511 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD FEB 7 PY 1991 IS 1 BP 252 EP 257 DI 10.2307/1446276 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA EY838 UT WOS:A1991EY83800035 ER PT J AU THOMPSON, KV AF THOMPSON, KV TI FLEHMEN AND SOCIAL-DOMINANCE IN CAPTIVE FEMALE SABLE ANTELOPE, HIPPOTRAGUS-NIGER SO APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON UNGULATE BEHAVIOR AND MANAGEMENT CY MAY 23-27, 1988 CL TEXAS A & M UNIV, COLLEGE STN, TX SP DALLAS ECOLOG FDN, DALLAS SAFARI CLUB, EXOT WILDLIFE ASSOC, GERALDINE R DODGE FDN, INT ANIM EXCHANGE, ROB & BESSIE WELDER WILDLIFE FDN, US FISH & WILDLIFE SERV, WESLEY KYLE, TEXAS A&M UNIV, DEPT WILDLIFE & FISHERIES SCI HO TEXAS A & M UNIV ID ESTROUS SYNCHRONY; MALE GOATS; REPRODUCTION; BEHAVIOR AB The relationship between female dominance and flehmen was investigated in a herd of 11 female sable antelope (Hippotragus niger) maintained in a 13.2-ha pasture at the National Zoological Park's Conservation and Research Center in Front Royal, VA, U.S.A. All occurrences of aggression and flehmen by adult females were recorded during 274 h of observation over a 9 month period. Overall frequencies of flehmen were highly correlated with rank, dominant females exhibiting the highest flehmen rates. Subordinates rarely performed flehmen in response to urination by higher ranking females. When aggression immediately preceded opportunities for flehmen, dominants virtually always performed flehmen while subordinates never did. Investigation of urine on the substrate was unrelated to rank, suggesting that subordinates may exploit alternate strategies for social investigation. Flehmen may allow synchronization of reproduction by enabling females to assess each other's reproductive condition. High ranking females showed the greatest degree of reproductive synchrony within the herd. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT ZOOL RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. RP THOMPSON, KV (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ZOOL,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. RI Thompson, Katerina/B-6146-2009 NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1591 J9 APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI JI Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 29 IS 1-4 BP 121 EP 133 DI 10.1016/0168-1591(91)90241-O PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences GA FE755 UT WOS:A1991FE75500008 ER PT J AU STUWE, M NIEVERGELT, B AF STUWE, M NIEVERGELT, B TI RECOVERY OF ALPINE IBEX FROM NEAR EXTINCTION - THE RESULT OF EFFECTIVE PROTECTION, CAPTIVE BREEDING, AND REINTRODUCTIONS SO APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON UNGULATE BEHAVIOR AND MANAGEMENT CY MAY 23-27, 1988 CL TEXAS A & M UNIV, COLLEGE STN, TX SP DALLAS ECOLOG FDN, DALLAS SAFARI CLUB, EXOT WILDLIFE ASSOC, GERALDINE R DODGE FDN, INT ANIM EXCHANGE, ROB & BESSIE WELDER WILDLIFE FDN, US FISH & WILDLIFE SERV, WESLEY KYLE, TEXAS A&M UNIV, DEPT WILDLIFE & FISHERIES SCI HO TEXAS A & M UNIV AB Beginning in the 1500s, over-exploitation and poaching led to a steady decline of ibex (Capra ibex ibex) numbers in the European Alps. The use of ibex products in many folk remedies guaranteed high financial returns for the hunter and resulted in the relentless pursuit of this species. By the early 1800s, < 100 animals survived in a single population in the Italian Gran Paradiso mountain massif. The recovery to more than 20 000 animals today is the result of a four-stage conservation effort which returned alpine ibex to almost their entire original range of distribution: (1) effective protection of the last remaining population, (2) captive breeding of animals caught in the recovered last population, (3) reintroduction of captive-bred animals into protected original habitat, (4) translocation of animals from successfully established "reservoir" populations to uninhabited sites. Alpine ibex management faces two challenges today: (1) habitat destruction in areas of high population densities, and (2) low genetic variability possibly a result of inbreeding during a succession of four potential population bottleneck situations. C1 UNIV ZURICH,INST ETHOL & WILDFORSCH ZOOL,CH-8057 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. RP STUWE, M (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,CONSERVAT & RES CTR,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630, USA. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1591 J9 APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI JI Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 29 IS 1-4 BP 379 EP 387 DI 10.1016/0168-1591(91)90262-V PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences GA FE755 UT WOS:A1991FE75500029 ER PT J AU ESTES, RD AF ESTES, RD TI THE SIGNIFICANCE OF HORNS AND OTHER MALE SECONDARY SEXUAL CHARACTERS IN FEMALE BOVIDS SO APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON UNGULATE BEHAVIOR AND MANAGEMENT CY MAY 23-27, 1988 CL TEXAS A & M UNIV, COLLEGE STN, TX SP DALLAS ECOLOG FDN, DALLAS SAFARI CLUB, EXOT WILDLIFE ASSOC, GERALDINE R DODGE FDN, INT ANIM EXCHANGE, ROB & BESSIE WELDER WILDLIFE FDN, US FISH & WILDLIFE SERV, WESLEY KYLE, TEXAS A&M UNIV, DEPT WILDLIFE & FISHERIES SCI HO TEXAS A & M UNIV ID INBREEDING AVOIDANCE; SOCIAL-ORGANIZATION; MATING SYSTEMS; NATIONAL-PARK; MAMMALS; EVOLUTION; ECOLOGY; DIMORPHISM; DISPERSAL; SELECTION AB A new model for the evolution of horns in female bovids postulates that females mimic male secondary sexual characters to buffer their male offspring against the aggression of dominant males, thereby prolonging the presence of their sons in the natal herd and home range. The survival and reproductive success of male offspring and the mother's own genetic fitness are, thus, all enhanced. This form of heterosexual mimicry is viewed as simply another form of maternal investment, strongly selected for because the enforced dispersal of male offspring during adolescence is a major source of male mortality and of the skewed adult sex ratios typical of mammals with polygynous mating systems. Horns, and other secondary characters that provoke despotic competition as male sex symbols, become ambiguous and no longer release aggression when females possess similar ornaments. In the case of horns - permanent structures essential for males to achieve dominance and reproductive success - their acquisition by females not only postpones the natal dispersal of male progeny but also enables them to begin developing horns much earlier than the progeny of hornless females can afford to do. The competitive advantage of early horn development could be so decisive that, once the alleles for female horns became established, this genotype would spread rapidly throughout a population. How long male-mimicry functions to buffer males against despotic competition depends on the developmental stage tracked in females. Under conditions that favor seasonal or permanent bisexual grouping, the process could have led to the minimal sexual dimorphism seen in many migratory and nomadic bovids. The importance of despotic competition as an antagonist to peer competition, capable of countering selection for development of male secondary characters, calls for a redefinition of sexual competition. When the dual nature of sexual competition is taken into account, Darwin's theory of sexual selection becomes applicable to various polygynous mammals that fail to develop the expected degree of sexual dimorphism. C1 HARVARD UNIV,MUSEUM COMPARAT ZOOL,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. NR 156 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1591 J9 APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI JI Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 29 IS 1-4 BP 403 EP 451 DI 10.1016/0168-1591(91)90264-X PG 49 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences GA FE755 UT WOS:A1991FE75500031 ER PT J AU GRAND, TI AF GRAND, TI TI PATTERNS OF MUSCULAR GROWTH IN THE AFRICAN BOVIDAE SO APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON UNGULATE BEHAVIOR AND MANAGEMENT CY MAY 23-27, 1988 CL TEXAS A & M UNIV, COLLEGE STN, TX SP DALLAS ECOLOG FDN, DALLAS SAFARI CLUB, EXOT WILDLIFE ASSOC, GERALDINE R DODGE FDN, INT ANIM EXCHANGE, ROB & BESSIE WELDER WILDLIFE FDN, US FISH & WILDLIFE SERV, WESLEY KYLE, TEXAS A&M UNIV, DEPT WILDLIFE & FISHERIES SCI HO TEXAS A & M UNIV ID TISSUE COMPOSITION; MOTOR FUNCTION; BODY-WEIGHT AB Three types of anatomical data (body composition, regional muscle proportions, segmental distribution of body mass) are compared for neonates and physically mature individuals from 4 genera of African Bovidae. The data reveal (1) fundamental differences in the adults which correlate directly with their locomotor patterns, and (2) differences in the newborns which correlate with developmental strategy. "Lying-out" species such as Kirk's dik-dik (Madoqua kirki), dorcas gazelle (Gazella dorcas) and sable antelope (Hippotragus niger) possess only two-thirds of the muscle at birth than they do as adults, whereas a newborn "follower", such as the brindled gnu (Connochaetes taurinus), has proportionally as much muscle (40% of weight) as it has as an adult. This suggestive relationship begs further investigation. In all species muscular growth shifts the center of gravity towards the hip joint, a more optimal biomechanical position. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT ZOOL RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. RP GRAND, TI (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1591 J9 APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI JI Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 29 IS 1-4 BP 471 EP 482 DI 10.1016/0168-1591(91)90266-Z PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences GA FE755 UT WOS:A1991FE75500033 ER PT J AU ROZEMA, J DOREL, F JANISSEN, R LENSSEN, G BROEKMAN, R ARP, W DRAKE, BG AF ROZEMA, J DOREL, F JANISSEN, R LENSSEN, G BROEKMAN, R ARP, W DRAKE, BG TI EFFECT OF ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2 ON GROWTH, PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND WATER RELATIONS OF SALT-MARSH GRASS SPECIES SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article ID PLANT-GROWTH; ESTUARINE MARSH; CARBON-DIOXIDE; C-4 PLANTS; ENRICHMENT; TEMPERATURE; NITROGEN AB The C3 grass species Scirpus maritimus L. and Puccinellia maritima (Huds.) Parl., and the C4 grass species Spartina anglica C.E. Hubbard and Spartina patens (Ait.) Muhl. were grown at ambient (340 p.p.m. CO2) and elevated (580 p.p.m. CO2) atmospheric CO2 concentration, at low (10 mM NaCl) and high salinity (250 mM NaCl) under aerated and anaerobic conditions in the culture solution. The relative growth rate of both the C3 grass species was enhanced with atmospheric CO2 enrichment, no such increase was found in the C4 grass species. High salinity reduced growth of the C3 species tested, but this relative growth reduction was not prevented by elevated CO2 concentration. The growth increase at elevated CO2 of Scirpus maritimus and Puccinellia maritima is greater under aerated than under anaerobic solution conditions. Water-use efficiency of all species was increased by elevated CO2. In the case of Scirpus (C3), this increase was caused by increased net photosynthesis, for Spartina patens (C4) photosynthesis was not increased, but transpiration was reduced. The water potential of the shoot was less negative under conditions of CO2 enrichment, in particular at increased salinity (250 mM NaCl). C1 SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,EDGEWATER,MD 21037. RP ROZEMA, J (reprint author), FREE UNIV AMSTERDAM,DEPT ECOL & ECOTOXICOL,BOELELAAN 1087,1081 HV AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. NR 31 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 39 IS 1-2 BP 45 EP 55 DI 10.1016/0304-3770(91)90021-V PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA FC985 UT WOS:A1991FC98500005 ER PT J AU LATHAM, DW MAZEH, T DAVIS, RJ STEFANIK, RP ABT, HA AF LATHAM, DW MAZEH, T DAVIS, RJ STEFANIK, RP ABT, HA TI A SEARCH FOR WIDE BINARIES AT THE NORTH GALACTIC POLE USING PRECISE RADIAL-VELOCITIES SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID STARS AB We present precise radial velocities from a survey 247 stars centered on Selected Area 57 at the North Galactic Pole, complete for late-type stars with V magnitude brighter than 12.0. The radial velocities have a typical precision of 0.2-0.3 km s-1. New spectral types and distances estimates are presented for 120 of the stars in the sample. We have considered all pairs of stars with angular separations between 1 and 600 arcsec, and find 11 candidate pairs with velocity differences less than 1.5 km s-1. We estimate that 4 or 5 of the 11 candidate pairs are actually bound binaries, but none with separations larger than 0.1 pc. The constraints imposed by these results on the actual distribution of wide binaries in the Galaxy should now be reanalyzed. The unusual precision of our velocities led to the discovery of a new cluster associated with the multiple system ADS 8811 ABC. C1 TEL AVIV UNIV,RAYMOND & BEVERLY SACKLER FAC EXACT SCI,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. NATL OPT ASTRON OBSERV,KITT PEAK NATL OBSERV,TUCSON,AZ 85726. RP LATHAM, DW (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 24 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 101 IS 2 BP 625 EP 636 DI 10.1086/115711 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EU739 UT WOS:A1991EU73900023 ER PT J AU KENYON, SJ OLIVERSEN, NA MIKOLAJEWSKA, J MIKOLAJEWSKI, M STENCEL, RE GARCIA, MR ANDERSON, CM AF KENYON, SJ OLIVERSEN, NA MIKOLAJEWSKA, J MIKOLAJEWSKI, M STENCEL, RE GARCIA, MR ANDERSON, CM TI ON THE NATURE OF THE SYMBIOTIC BINARY CI CYGNI SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ACCRETION DISK MODELS; MASS-TRANSFER; SPECTROSCOPIC ORBITS; COOL COMPONENTS; Z-ANDROMEDAE; BF-CYGNI; STARS; EVOLUTION; SYSTEMS; EMISSION AB We present an analysis of ultraviolet and optical spectroscopy for the symbiotic binary CI Cyg. This system contains an M5 II asymptotic branch giant M(g) approximately 1.5M., transferring material at a few x 10(-5) M. yr-1 into a large accretion disk surronding a main-sequence star M(h) approximately 0.5M.. A boundary layer at the inner edge of the disk photoionizes a small nebula approximately confined to the Roche volume of the accreting star. An extended, more highly ionized region forms when material ejected from the disk interacts with the red giant wind. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. COMP SCI CORP,IUE OBSERV,ASTRON PROGRAMS,GREENTEC 1,LANHAM,MD 20706. UNIV WISCONSIN,WASHBURN OBSERV,MADISON,WI 53706. NICHOLAS COPERNICUS UNIV,INST ASTRON,PL-87100 TORUN,POLAND. UNIV COLORADO,CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE ASTRON,BOULDER,CO 80309. OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X NR 111 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 101 IS 2 BP 637 EP 654 DI 10.1086/115712 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EU739 UT WOS:A1991EU73900024 ER PT J AU SOKER, N AF SOKER, N TI RESONANT INTERACTION IN COMMON ENVELOPES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE STARS, BINARIES; STARS, PULSATION ID DOUBLE-CORE EVOLUTION; STAR-PLANET SYSTEMS; CATACLYSMIC BINARIES; RED GIANT; PROGENITORS; COMPANION AB The resonant interaction between an orbiting low-mass secondary star and the pulsational modes of the primary in a common envelope binary system is studied. When the secondary is very close to the envelope, and especially if it is inside the envelope, i.e., the system is in a common envelope phase, a rich spectrum of both g- and p-modes can be excited. During the common envelope phase high-order and high harmonic p-modes become important. By means of a simple one-zone model, the amplitudes of the forced oscillations are approximately estimated. It is claimed that if several conditions are met, then a brown dwarf secondary can cause nonnegligible axisymmetrical mass loss through its resonant interaction with a red giant primary's envelope. One implication of this for elliptical planetary nebulae is discussed. RP SOKER, N (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,MAIL STOP 15,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 1991 VL 367 IS 2 BP 593 EP 600 DI 10.1086/169654 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ET683 UT WOS:A1991ET68300019 ER PT J AU TURNER, JL MARTIN, RN HO, PTP AF TURNER, JL MARTIN, RN HO, PTP TI HOT GAS IN THE NUCLEUS OF M82 - CO-12 AND CO-13 J = 3-2 OBSERVATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES, INDIVIDUAL (M82); GALAXIES, INTERSTELLAR MATTER; GALAXIES, NUCLEI ID MOLECULAR CLOUDS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; GALAXY M82; CO; EMISSION; LINE; CALIBRATION; IC-342 AB We report observations of the J = 3-2 transitions of (CO)-C-12 and (CO)-C-13 in the starburst galaxy M82. We have detected and mapped the (CO)-C-12 J = 3-2 transition in the nuclear region at 22" resolution. The high main beam brightness..temperature of the line, 6.4 K, when compared to the J = 1-0 and J = 2-1 intensities, requires a hot T(k) greater-than-or-similar-to 40 K), moderately optically thin gas. We place a lower limit of approximately 15 on the I(CO)/I(CO)-C-13 implying that tau-delta-2 greater-than-or-similar-to 6 and tau-10 < 1 for this warm component. There are approximately 10(8) M . of warm molecular gas within a radius of 360 pc of M82. The low optical depths and high densities required to excite the J = 3-2 transition may imply sheetlike or filamentary clumping. The pressure in the molecular gas is high, nT approximately 10(6) - 10(7) cm-3 K. The unusually high pressure and filamentary nature of the interstellar medium in M82 are probably related to winds and shocks originating in the starburst. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV ARIZONA,STEWARD OBSERV,TUCSON,AZ 85724. RP TURNER, JL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ASTRON,405 HILGARD AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 1991 VL 367 IS 2 BP 677 EP 680 PN 1 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ET683 UT WOS:A1991ET68300029 ER PT J AU TURNER, MS WATKINS, R WIDROW, LM AF TURNER, MS WATKINS, R WIDROW, LM TI MICROWAVE DISTORTIONS FROM COLLAPSING DOMAIN-WALL BUBBLES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE COSMIC BACKGROUND RADIATION; COSMOLOGY; EARLY UNIVERSE ID RADIATION; UNIVERSE AB It has been suggested that large-scale structure can be seeded by a postrecombination phase transition that produces soft domain walls. We find that oscillating domain-wall bubbles produce a distinctive signature on the microwave sky: hot and cold spots with amplitude characterized by G-sigma-H0(-1) (sigma is the surface tension of the wall). These fluctuations are non-Gaussian and offer a powerful probe of such models. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV TORONTO,CANADIAN INST THEORET ASTROPHYS,TORONTO M5S 1A1,ONTARIO,CANADA. UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. HARVARD UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP TURNER, MS (reprint author), NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,FERMI NAT ACCELERATOR LAB,MS 209,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 24 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 1991 VL 367 IS 2 BP L43 EP L47 DI 10.1086/185928 PN 2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ET684 UT WOS:A1991ET68400002 ER PT J AU EBERHARD, WG AF EBERHARD, WG TI COPULATORY COURTSHIP AND CRYPTIC FEMALE CHOICE IN INSECTS SO BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS OF THE CAMBRIDGE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Review ID MATING-BEHAVIOR; REPRODUCTIVE-BEHAVIOR; LIFE-HISTORY; NESTING-BEHAVIOR; HORNED BEETLE; HYMENOPTERA; DIPTERA; LEPIDOPTERA; BIOLOGY; MOTH C1 UNIV COSTA RICA,ESCUELA BIOL,SAN JOSE,COSTA RICA. RP EBERHARD, WG (reprint author), UNIV COSTA RICA,SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,CIUDAD UNIV,SAN JOSE,COSTA RICA. NR 193 TC 126 Z9 131 U1 3 U2 44 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0006-3231 J9 BIOL REV JI Biol. Rev. Cambridge Philosophic. Soc. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 66 IS 1 BP 1 EP 31 DI 10.1111/j.1469-185X.1991.tb01133.x PG 31 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA FB597 UT WOS:A1991FB59700001 ER PT J AU MOESER, V AF MOESER, V TI AMERICA 1ST COCAINE EPIDEMIC SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material RP MOESER, V (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NEWS SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD FEB PY 1991 VL 41 IS 2 BP 74 EP 75 PG 2 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA EU719 UT WOS:A1991EU71900006 ER PT J AU MOONEY, HA DRAKE, BG LUXMOORE, RJ OECHEL, WC PITELKA, LF AF MOONEY, HA DRAKE, BG LUXMOORE, RJ OECHEL, WC PITELKA, LF TI PREDICTING ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES TO ELEVATED CO2 CONCENTRATIONS SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; GROWTH-RESPONSES; CLIMATE CHANGE; PHOTOSYNTHETIC INHIBITION; PHOSPHORUS DEFICIENCY; ESTUARINE MARSH; NUTRIENT-UPTAKE; PINUS-RADIATA; WATER-STRESS C1 SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,EDGEWATER,MD 21037. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV,SYST ECOL RES GRP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92182. ELECT POWER RES INST,PALO ALTO,CA 94303. RP MOONEY, HA (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. RI Oechel, Walter/F-9361-2010 OI Oechel, Walter/0000-0002-3504-026X NR 82 TC 239 Z9 246 U1 5 U2 35 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD FEB PY 1991 VL 41 IS 2 BP 96 EP 104 DI 10.2307/1311562 PG 9 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA EU719 UT WOS:A1991EU71900010 ER PT J AU BERGER, J AF BERGER, J TI FUNDING ASYMMETRIES FOR ENDANGERED SPECIES, FERAL ANIMALS, AND LIVESTOCK SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Discussion C1 UNIV NEVADA,DEPT RANGE WILDLIFE & FORESTRY,RENO,NV 89512. SMITHSONIAN INST,CTR CONSERVAT & RES,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630. RP BERGER, J (reprint author), UNIV NEVADA,PROGRAM ECOL EVOLUT & CONSERVAT BIOL,RENO,NV 89512, USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD FEB PY 1991 VL 41 IS 2 BP 105 EP 106 DI 10.2307/1311563 PG 2 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA EU719 UT WOS:A1991EU71900011 ER PT J AU HINES, AH AF HINES, AH TI FECUNDITY AND REPRODUCTIVE OUTPUT IN 9 SPECIES OF CANCER CRABS (CRUSTACEA, BRACHYURA, CANCRIDAE) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MID-ATLANTIC BIGHT; ROCK CRAB; CARCINONEMERTES-ERRANS; SIZE COMPOSITION; LIFE HISTORIES; IRRORATUS-SAY; DECAPODA; BIOLOGY; GROWTH; STIMPSON AB The major variables of reproductive output and fecundity were compared among brooding females of nine species of Cancer from the North Pacific and North Atlantic: C. oregonensis, C. gracilis, C. irroratus, C. antennarius, C. productus, C. borealis, C. anthonyi, C. magister, and C. pagurus. Female body size is the principal determinant of reproductive output, with dry body weights spanning two orders of magnitude from 1.2 to 199.5 g among species and often one order of magnitude within species. Mean dry brood weights ranged from 0.21 to 26.7 g among species, with relative brood size varying from 11 to 19% of female weight. The brood mass is partitioned into eggs ranging among species from 311 to 442-mu-m, resulting in mean fecundities ranging among species from 18 200 to 2 208 000 eggs per brood. Most species produce one or two broods per year over the winter-spring season over a reproductive span averaging 6.6 yr (range 4-10 yr). Cumulative reproductive output and cumulative fecundity over the maximum estimated life span exhibited approximately isometric functions of maximum body size, and they ranged among species from 1.88 to 316 g brood weight and 158 000 to 22 300 000 eggs per lifetime, respectively. The pattern of covariation of reproductive traits in the Cancridae corresponds well with the overall pattern previously determined for a diverse array of brachyurans from seven families. RP HINES, AH (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,POB 28,EDGEWATER,MD 21037, USA. NR 46 TC 80 Z9 82 U1 3 U2 23 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 48 IS 2 BP 267 EP 275 DI 10.1139/f91-037 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EX296 UT WOS:A1991EX29600016 ER PT J AU WELDEN, CW HEWETT, SW HUBBELL, SP FOSTER, RB AF WELDEN, CW HEWETT, SW HUBBELL, SP FOSTER, RB TI SAPLING SURVIVAL, GROWTH, AND RECRUITMENT - RELATIONSHIP TO CANOPY HEIGHT IN A NEOTROPICAL FOREST SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BARRO COLORADO ISLAND; CANOPY STRUCTURE; FOREST DYNAMICS; GAPS VS SHADE; NEOTROPICS; PANAMA; POPULATION DYNAMICS; RARE VS COMMON SPECIES; SAPLING RECRUITMENT; SAPLING SURVIVAL; TREE GROWTH; TREE SURVIVAL; TROPICAL FOREST ID TROPICAL FOREST; TREE; GAPS; HETEROGENEITY; DISPERSAL AB Treefall gaps are thought to contribute to the diversity of plants in tropical forests by providing opportunities for niche differentiation in modes of regeneration. To examine this hypothesis, we studied the survival, diameter growth, and recruitment of saplings in > 100 species of woody plants in a 50-ha permanent plot of moist tropical forest on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, from 1982 to 1985. The performance of saplings in low-canopy sites (< 10 m) was compared to that of saplings in high-canopy sites (greater-than-or-equal-to 10 m), and performance of common species was compared to that of rare species. Of the 108 species for which all three parameters of performance were measured, 104 fell into four response groups, each with characteristic patterns of survival, growth, recruitment, and response to canopy height. Pioneers (six species) survived poorly in both canopy-height categories, and survivors grew rapidly in low-canopy sites. Sapling recruitment was skewed toward low-canopy sites. Understroy specialists (three species) survived well in high-canopy sites and poorly in low-canopy sites. They grew slowly and recruited poorly in both situations. Generalists (79 species) survived well and grew slowly in both canopy-height categories. Per-adult recruitment was usually low, and often skewed toward low-canopy sites. Poorly performing species (16 species) survived poorly, grew slowly, and recruited infrequently in both canopy-height categories. Most of the common (> 10 saplings/ha) species appeared to be generalists. Many rare (< 1 sapling/ha) or occasional (1-10 saplings/ha) species survived significantly (P less-than-or-equal-to .05) less well than the average survivorship of saplings, while many common species survived significantly better than average. Some rare or occasional species grew rapidly, either in low-canopy sites or in both canopy-height categories, while most common species grew slowly in both situations. Rare and occasional species had significantly more recruits per adult than did common species, but often this did not balance their higher mortality. Large differences in survival, growth, and recruitment between canopy-height categories were found only among rare and occasional species. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT ECOL & EVOLUT BIOL,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. UNIV MARYLAND,CHESAPEAKE BIOL LABS,SOLOMONS,MD 20688. SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. FIELD MUSEUM NAT HIST,DEPT BOT,CHICAGO,IL 60605. NR 31 TC 210 Z9 222 U1 3 U2 36 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD FEB PY 1991 VL 72 IS 1 BP 35 EP 50 DI 10.2307/1938900 PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EU723 UT WOS:A1991EU72300006 ER PT J AU LAPP, DM AF LAPP, DM TI RESOURCES FOR HANDS-ON SCIENCE SO EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP LA English DT Note RP LAPP, DM (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,CTR NAT SCI RESOURCES,ARTS & IND BLDG,RM1201,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SUPERVISION CURR DEVEL PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1250 N PITT STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1453 SN 0013-1784 J9 EDUC LEADERSHIP JI Educ. Leadership PD FEB PY 1991 VL 48 IS 5 BP 95 EP 95 PG 1 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA EV427 UT WOS:A1991EV42700018 ER PT J AU EBERHARD, WG GUTIERREZ, EE AF EBERHARD, WG GUTIERREZ, EE TI MALE DIMORPHISMS IN BEETLES AND EARWIGS AND THE QUESTION OF DEVELOPMENTAL CONSTRAINTS SO EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID COLEOPTERA; EVOLUTION; SELECTION; BEHAVIOR; CERION AB Analysis of 17 species from six families indicates that male dimorphisms in weapon design may be common, at least in horned beetles. This flexibility in developmental programs constitutes evidence against the idea that the forms of these animals' weapons are the result of developmental constraints. C1 UNIV COSTA RICA,ESCUELA ESTADIST,CIUDAD UNIVERSITARIA,COSTA RICA. UNIV COSTA RICA,ESCUELA BIOL,CIUDAD UNIV,COSTA RICA. RP EBERHARD, WG (reprint author), UNIV COSTA RICA,SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,CIUDAD UNIV,COSTA RICA. NR 34 TC 188 Z9 192 U1 11 U2 45 PU SOC STUDY EVOLUTION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0014-3820 J9 EVOLUTION JI Evolution PD FEB PY 1991 VL 45 IS 1 BP 18 EP 28 DI 10.2307/2409478 PG 11 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA FF292 UT WOS:A1991FF29200002 ER PT J AU CONDIT, R HUBBELL, SP AF CONDIT, R HUBBELL, SP TI ABUNDANCE AND DNA-SEQUENCE OF 2-BASE REPEAT REGIONS IN TROPICAL TREE GENOMES SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE REPETITIVE DNA; DINUCLEOTIDE REPEATS; TROPICAL PLANT GENOMES ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; NUCLEAR-DNA; EUKARYOTIC GENOMES; MINISATELLITES; ANGIOSPERMS; EXTRACTION AB Tandem DNA repeats of two-base pairs are potentially important tools for population genetic studies because of their abundance and length variation. As part of our research into the ecology of tropical forest plants, we began a study of dinucleotide repeat regions in several genera of tropical trees. Genomic libraries in bacteriophase lambda were screened with the oligonucleotide probes poly(GT) and poly(AG). Both types of repeat regions were abundant in the genomes of all six plant species examined. Using the size of inserts in the phage libraries and number of phage screened, we estimated that there were 5 x 10(3) to 3 x 10(5) poly(AC) and poly(AG) sites per genome, with slightly more AG than AC sites. When libraries were made from smaller fragments of genomic DNA, abundance estimates were higher, suggesting that two-base repeat sites were clustered in the genome. Poly(AC) sites were 16-22 bp in length, and four of the five sequenced were adjacent to either poly(AG) or poly(AT) sites. Other repeat regions appeared in DNA flanking the AC sites. This further demonstrated that two-base repeats and other repetive DNA were clustered in the genome. Two-base repeats are abundant in plant genomes and could provide a large number of polymorphic markers for studies of plant population genetics. C1 SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. RP CONDIT, R (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT ECOL & EVOLUT BIOL,PRINCETON,NJ 08544, USA. NR 37 TC 156 Z9 172 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD FEB PY 1991 VL 34 IS 1 BP 66 EP 71 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA EZ205 UT WOS:A1991EZ20500011 PM 1827419 ER PT J AU HUBER, BT AF HUBER, BT TI MICROPALEONTOLOGY SO GEOTIMES LA English DT Article RP HUBER, BT (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT PALEOBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOLOGICAL INST PI ALEXANDRIA PA 4220 KING ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22302-1507 SN 0016-8556 J9 GEOTIMES JI Geotimes PD FEB PY 1991 VL 36 IS 2 BP 34 EP 35 PG 2 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EZ384 UT WOS:A1991EZ38400026 ER PT J AU CORT, LA AF CORT, LA TI WORD IN FLOWER - THE VISUALIZATION OF CLASSICAL LITERATURE IN 17TH-CENTURY JAPAN - WHEELWRIGHT,C SO JOURNAL OF ASIAN STUDIES LA English DT Book Review C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,FREER GALLERY ART,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP CORT, LA (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,ARTHUR M SACKLER GALLERY,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN ASIAN STUDIES INC PI ANN ARBOR PA UNIV MICH 1 LANE HALL, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 SN 0021-9118 J9 J ASIAN STUD JI J. Asian Stud. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 50 IS 1 BP 171 EP 173 DI 10.2307/2057518 PG 3 WC Area Studies; Asian Studies SC Area Studies; Asian Studies GA FB946 UT WOS:A1991FB94600048 ER PT J AU SUR, A FRIEDMAN, RS MILLER, PJ AF SUR, A FRIEDMAN, RS MILLER, PJ TI ROTATIONAL DEPENDENCE OF THE RYDBERG VALENCE INTERACTIONS IN THE 1-PI-G STATES OF MOLECULAR-OXYGEN SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID O2; PREDISSOCIATION; SPECTROSCOPY; D1-PI-G; O-2 AB The two-photon d 1-PI-g (upsilon') <--<-- X 3-SIGMA-g- (upsilon") transition in O2 is studied using resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectroscopy and the lowest four vibrational levels of the d 1-PI-g Rydberg state are characterized. Anomalies in the rotational constants of the Rydberg vibrational levels and perturbations in the REMPI spectra are attributed to the interaction of the Rydberg state with a bound diabatic 1-PI-g valence state. The rotational dependence of the Rydberg-valence interaction is explored by solving the coupled eigenvalue equations describing the interaction of the two states. The results from solution of the coupled equations as well as observations from photoelectron spectroscopy experiments are used to understand the additional structure seen in the REMPI spectra in the vicinity of the upsilon' = 2 Rydberg vibrational level. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT CHEM,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. HARVARD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV COLORADO,NIST,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP SUR, A (reprint author), MT HOLYOKE COLL,DEPT CHEM,S HADLEY,MA 01075, USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1991 VL 94 IS 3 BP 1704 EP 1711 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA EV576 UT WOS:A1991EV57600005 ER PT J AU Benson, RH Bied, KRE Bonaduce, G AF Benson, Richard H. Bied, Kruna Rakic-El Bonaduce, Gioacchino TI AN IMPORTANT CURRENT REVERSAL (INFLUX) IN THE RIFIAN CORRIDOR (MOROCCO) AT THE TORTONIAN-MESSINIAN BOUNDARY: THE END OF TETHYS OCEAN SO PALEOCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article AB Atlantic psychrospheric and temperate mesopelagic faunas found in the lower Messinian marls in Morocco indicate that a strong, eastward flowing, bottom current was present in the Rifian Corridor before the Salinity Crisis. This influx began just before diatomite deposition in the Paleo-Mediterranean, continued during a decrease in species diversity in coral reef formation, and diminished with the initial stages of "brine" concentration in the deep-water phase of the Crisis. The influx is most readily studied in a condensed section of marl in the Bou Regreg valley near Rabat. The beginning of this "siphon event" coincides with the Tortonian/Messinian boundary (6.4 Ma, subchron 6N1). It is identified by (1) a change in the planktonic foraminifera from dominance of warm, tropical, epipelagic Globorotalia menardii with Globigerinoides to the temperate, mesopelagic Gl. miotumida plexus with conomiozea; (2) the sudden appearance of an upper psychrospheric ostracode fauna with Agrenocythere pliocenica and Oblitacythereis ruggierii, (3) a change in nannoflora; and (4) beginning of the 6.3 Ma Global Carbon Shift. The initial strong influx stage of the siphon lasted at least 0.7 m.y., decreasing after the middle of Chron 5, ca. 5.7, to be lost ca. 5.3 Ma. Conditions for the siphon formed when the continental climate created a deficit in the water budget of the Paleo-Mediterranean Sea. The reversal took place when tectonic movement in the foredeeps of the Betic- Rif Orogene changed the thresholds of the twin straits, the Rifian Corridor and the Iberian Portal. Inflow increased rapidly in the southern Corridor to draw in waters from beneath the rising Atlantic pycnocline, while Paleo-Mediterranean Overflow Water (PMOW) continued out of the northern Iberian Portal. The invasion of "nappes" or olistoliths, first into the portal and then into the corridor, led to the end of the outflow of the PMOW terminating the need for the siphon, and then to the isolation of the Paleo-Mediterranean. C1 [Benson, Richard H.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Bied, Kruna Rakic-El] Smithsonian Inst, Rabat, Morocco. [Bonaduce, Gioacchino] Univ Naples, Inst Paleontol, I-80138 Naples, Italy. RP Benson, RH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, E-204 NHB, Washington, DC 20560 USA. FU Smithsonian Institution; National Geographic Society; Mediterranean in cooperation; Direction de la Geologie, Ministrie de l'Energy et des Mines, Royaume du Maroc; Union Oil of California FX We thank C. Pujol, D.W. Muller, J.A. McKenzie, H. Thierstein, and J.-P. Peypouquet for discussions of the problem of the mechanics of the siphon; M.-P. Aubry for data on nannoflora; T. Ehrendorfer for data on benthic foraminifera; D.A. Hodell for data on carbon and oxygen isotopes; G. Napoleone (unpublished data summarized here) for paleomagnetic control, and M.B. Cita and C. Vergnaud-Grazzini for their constructive reviews. Also we acknowledge the assistance of Carlita Sanford, Patricia Mascellor and I. Rahhalli for preparation of materials and logistical support. Individual parts of the composite section of Bou Regreg were described by us by Hodell et al., (1989) with the stable isotope stratigraphy and its correlation with events in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. A detailed report of the stratigraphy is being prepared (R.H. Benson et al., manuscript in preparation, 1990) (also see Feinberg and Lorenz, 1970; Bossio et al., 1976; Wernli, 1977; Cita and Ryan, 1978). Conducted under the co- sponsorship of the Smithsonian Institution with the National Geographic Society as part of the International Program for the Study of the Origin of the Mediterranean in cooperation with the Direction de la Geologie, Ministrie de l'Energy et des Mines, Royaume du Maroc. Union Oil of California supplied partial funding for drilling costs. NR 190 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0883-8305 J9 PALEOCEANOGRAPHY JI Paleoceanography PD FEB PY 1991 VL 6 IS 1 BP 165 EP 192 DI 10.1029/90PA00756 PG 28 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography; Paleontology SC Geology; Oceanography; Paleontology GA V23JR UT WOS:000208339600011 ER PT J AU YOUNG, AT GENET, RM BOYD, LJ BORUCKI, WJ LOCKWOOD, GW HENRY, GW HALL, DS SMITH, DP BALIUNAS, SL DONAHUE, R EPAND, DH AF YOUNG, AT GENET, RM BOYD, LJ BORUCKI, WJ LOCKWOOD, GW HENRY, GW HALL, DS SMITH, DP BALIUNAS, SL DONAHUE, R EPAND, DH TI PRECISE AUTOMATIC DIFFERENTIAL STELLAR PHOTOMETRY SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article DE PHOTOMETRY; EXTINCTION; AUTOMATION ID CHROMOSPHERICALLY ACTIVE STARS; RESPONSE SELF-CALIBRATION; ATMOSPHERIC EXTINCTION; ECLIPSING BINARIES; DIODES; ACCURACY; VARIABILITY; REDUCTION; SYSTEMS; LAYER AB We review the factors limiting the precision of differential stellar photometry. Errors due to variable atmospheric extinction can be reduced to below 0.001 mag at good sites by utilizing the speed of robotic telescopes. Existing photometric systems produce aliasing errors, which are several millimagnitudes in general but may be reduced to about a millimagnitude in special circumstances. Conventional differential photometry neglects several other important effects, which we discuss in detail. If all of these are properly handled, it appears possible to do differential photometry of variable stars with an overall precision of 0.001 mag with ground-based robotic telescopes. C1 FAIRBORN OBSERV,MESA,AZ 85204. NASA,AMES RES CTR,THEORET STUDIES BRANCH,MOFFETT FIELD,CA 94087. LOWELL OBSERV,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86001. TENNESSEE STATE UNIV,CTR EXCELLENCE INFORMAT SYST,NASHVILLE,TN 37203. VANDERBILT UNIV,DYER OBSERV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. UNIV NEVADA,DEPT PHYS,LAS VEGAS,NV 89154. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. RP YOUNG, AT (reprint author), SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,SAN DIEGO,CA 92182, USA. NR 106 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 103 IS 660 BP 221 EP 242 DI 10.1086/132811 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA FA383 UT WOS:A1991FA38300009 ER PT J AU ADAMS, RM AF ADAMS, RM TI JAPANESE AND AMERICAN BUSINESS COMPETITION AND INNOVATION IN THE INTERNATIONAL MARKETPLACE - EDITORIAL SO SMITHSONIAN LA English DT Editorial Material RP ADAMS, RM (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SMITHSONIAN ASSOCIATES PI WASHINGTON PA 900 JEFFERSON DRIVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0037-7333 J9 SMITHSONIAN JI Smithsonian PD FEB PY 1991 VL 21 IS 11 BP 12 EP 12 PG 1 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA EV544 UT WOS:A1991EV54400001 ER PT J AU CHAUDHRI, MN AF CHAUDHRI, MN TI THE SACRED COW AND THE PLIGHT OF TAXONOMY IN THE THIRD-WORLD COUNTRIES SO TAXON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 QUAID I AZAM UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,THE HERBARIUM,ISLAMABAD,PAKISTAN. RP CHAUDHRI, MN (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,NHB-166,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSN PLANT TAXONOMY PI BERLIN PA BOTANISCHER GARTEN & MUSEUM KONIGIN-LUISSE-STRASSE 6-8, W-1000 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0040-0262 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD FEB PY 1991 VL 40 IS 1 BP 92 EP 93 DI 10.2307/1222926 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA FB030 UT WOS:A1991FB03000010 ER PT J AU JAMIESON, MJ AF JAMIESON, MJ TI COTTON-MOUTON CONSTANTS AND ELECTRIC HYPERPOLARIZABILITIES FOR THE HELIUM ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HARTREE-FOCK CALCULATION; ABINITIO AB The Cotton-Mouton constants and hyperpolarizabilities are evaluated in the coupled Hartree-Fock approximation for members of the helium isoelectronic sequence with nuclear charges in the range 2 to 10 and compared with their values from correlated calculations. A relationship between magnetic and electric-field-gradient induced birefringences is derived for spherical molecules. C1 UNIV GLASGOW,DEPT COMP SCI,GLASGOW G12 8QQ,SCOTLAND. RP JAMIESON, MJ (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 25 PY 1991 VL 176 IS 5 BP 467 EP 471 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(91)90238-5 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA EX467 UT WOS:A1991EX46700011 ER PT J AU CARROLL, SM GUINAN, EF MCCOOK, GP DONAHUE, RA AF CARROLL, SM GUINAN, EF MCCOOK, GP DONAHUE, RA TI INTERPRETING EPSILON-AURIGAE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE STARS, ACCRETION; STARS, ECLIPSING BINARIES; STARS, INDIVIDUAL (EPSILON AURIGAE) ID CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK; ABSORPTION-LINES; ACCRETION DISKS; BINARY-SYSTEM; BETA-PICTORIS; ECLIPSE; SECONDARY; STARS; SPECTROSCOPY; ULTRAVIOLET AB The eclipsing binary-epsilon Aurigae consists of an FO supergiant and a cool, mysterious eclipsing companion with an orbital period of 27.1 yr. The light curve of this system reveals tow sources of variability: the eclipses themselves and the variation of the supergiant. Photoelectric observations were made with the 38 cm reflector at the Villanova University Observatory. The bright star undergoes semiregular light variations both inside and outside of eclipse, with a characteristic time scale of a few months which are found to correlate extremely well with changes in color index. It appears that these light and color variations arise from pulsations of the supergiant. The light variations are similar to those found for other luminous A-F supergiants. The leading explanations of the nature of the eclipsing object have been the edge-on disk proposed by Huang and the tilted disk proposed by Wilson. The most recent data show a mid-eclipse brightening that can only be explained by a tilted disk with a central opening and possible transparency changes across the disk. We have developed a computer code to model the eclipse with these constraints, and explore possible configurations of the disk. The properties of the disk appear more consistent with an interpretation as a protoplanetary system than a remnant of mass transfer from the supergiant. This makes the epsilon-Aur an even more interesting system than was previously believed. C1 VILLANOVA UNIV,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,VILLANOVA,PA 19085. NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. RP CARROLL, SM (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 78 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 20 PY 1991 VL 367 IS 1 BP 278 EP 287 DI 10.1086/169626 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ER078 UT WOS:A1991ER07800030 ER PT J AU SAIZAR, P STARRFIELD, S FERLAND, GJ WAGNER, RM TRURAN, JW KENYON, SJ SPARKS, WM WILLIAMS, RE STRYKER, LL AF SAIZAR, P STARRFIELD, S FERLAND, GJ WAGNER, RM TRURAN, JW KENYON, SJ SPARKS, WM WILLIAMS, RE STRYKER, LL TI PW VULPECULAE - A NOVA WITH NEARLY SOLAR ABUNDANCES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE STARS, ABUNDANCES; STARS, INDIVIDUAL (PW VUL); STARS, NOVAE; ULTRAVIOLET, SPECTRA ID SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS; CLASSICAL NOVAE; CYGNI 1975; LINES; EMISSION; NEBULAE; EJECTA; NEON AB Optical spectrophotometry of PW Vulpeculae (Nova Vul 1984 #1) is combined with ultraviolet data to estimate electron temperatures, densities, and abundances in the ejecta of this slow classical nova. We also discuss the reddening, the distance, and the evolution of the ultraviolet spectrum. Abundances are nearly solar, with the exception of nitrogen, which is substantially higher. Although neon has been reported to be enhanced in several novae, it does not seem to be the case for PW Vul. We present photoionization model calculations of the ejecta that give a reasonable match of the observed emission spectrum. A strong featureless continuum shows that very hot, presumably shock-heated, gas plays a major role in determining the energetics of this nova. Emission from this hot gas is responsible for the ionization of the nebular gas. A calculation of the masses of both the hot coronal gas and the cooler nebular gas shows that the former may account for most of the mass of the ejecta. C1 ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,TEMPE,AZ 85287. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT ASTRON,URBANA,IL 61801. CTR ASTROPHYS,SMITHSONIAN ASTROPHYS LAB,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV CALIF LOS ALAMOS SCI LAB,DIV APPL THEORET PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NATL OPT ASTRON OBSERV,CERRO TOLOLO INTERAMER OBSERV,LA SERENA,CHILE. LOWELL OBSERV,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86001. RP SAIZAR, P (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X; Ferland, Gary/0000-0003-4503-6333 NR 32 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 20 PY 1991 VL 367 IS 1 BP 310 EP 320 DI 10.1086/169630 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ER078 UT WOS:A1991ER07800034 ER PT J AU KAROVSKA, M NISENSON, P STANDLEY, C HEATHCOTE, SR AF KAROVSKA, M NISENSON, P STANDLEY, C HEATHCOTE, SR TI MEASUREMENTS OF THE DIAMETER OF THE SUPERNOVA SN-1987A SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE INTERFEROMETRY; STARS-SUPERNOVAE AB We present speckle interferometric measurements of the angular diameter of SN 1987A in the Large Magellanic Cloud obtained at 664 days after the outburst. Diameters were estimated with milliarcsecond precision at 657 nm and 550 nm by fitting model visibility functions to the data corresponding to different intensity distributions for the supernova disk. Measurements made assuming a uniform intensity distribution were compared to the uniform disk measurements obtained from 30 days after the explosion. Diameter measurements obtained near the center of the H-alpha line are consistent with homologous expansion of the supernova shell with a mean velocity of 2850 kms-1. The linear least-squares fit to the measurements obtained at other wavelengths from 260 days after the explosion yielded a somewhat lower than mean expansion velocity. C1 CERRO TOLOLO INTERAMER OBSERV,LA SERENA,CHILE. RP KAROVSKA, M (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 20 PY 1991 VL 367 IS 1 BP L15 EP L17 DI 10.1086/185921 PN 2 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ER079 UT WOS:A1991ER07900004 ER PT J AU STAUFFER, J HERTER, T HAMILTON, D RIEKE, GH RIEKE, MJ PROBST, R FORREST, W AF STAUFFER, J HERTER, T HAMILTON, D RIEKE, GH RIEKE, MJ PROBST, R FORREST, W TI SPECTROSCOPY OF TAURUS CLOUD BROWN DWARF CANDIDATES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE STARS-FORMATION; STARS-LATE-TYPE; STARS-LOW-MASS ID LOW MASS STARS; EVOLUTION; LUMINOSITY; ACCRETION AB We have obtained low-dispersion optical spectra for six objects and infrared spectra for two objects originally proposed to be brown dwarf members of the Taurus cloud population. None of the brown dwarf candidates shows definite H-alpha emission, and only two objects display molecular absorption bands. In one case, the weak TiO bands and H-alpha emission indicate a spectral type of K7-M0e, but these features may be caused by contamination from the nearby, bright primary HBC 370. In the other object, the TiO bands are definitely present but relatively weak indicating a spectral type of about M1-M2. These characteristics are unlike those expected for brown dwarfs; thus it appears that the brown dwarf candidates identified by Forrest et al. are much more likely to be heavily reddened background G or K field stars. C1 CORNELL UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,ITHACA,NY 14853. CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125. UNIV ARIZONA,STEWARD OBSERV,TUCSON,AZ 85721. KITT PEAK NATL OBSERV,TUCSON,AZ 85726. UNIV ROCHESTER,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. RP STAUFFER, J (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 20 PY 1991 VL 367 IS 1 BP L23 EP L26 DI 10.1086/185923 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ER079 UT WOS:A1991ER07900006 ER PT J AU JACKSON, JBC CHEETHAM, AH AF JACKSON, JBC CHEETHAM, AH TI BRYOZOAN MORPHOLOGICAL AND GENETIC CORRESPONDENCE - WHAT DOES IT PROVE - RESPONSE SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 NATL MUSEUM NAT HIST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP JACKSON, JBC (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,APARTADO 2072,BALBOA,PANAMA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 18 PY 1991 VL 251 IS 4991 BP 319 EP 319 DI 10.1126/science.251.4991.319 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ET678 UT WOS:A1991ET67800040 PM 17733292 ER PT J AU KIRBY, KP GOLDFIELD, EM AF KIRBY, KP GOLDFIELD, EM TI THEORETICAL-STUDY OF THE RADIATIVE PROPERTIES OF THE TRIPLET-STATES OF THE NH RADICAL - TRANSITION DIPOLE-MOMENTS, RADIATIVE LIFETIMES, PHOTODISSOCIATION CROSS-SECTIONS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTO-DISSOCIATION; POTENTIAL CURVES; EMISSION; MOLECULE; PROBABILITIES; ULTRAVIOLET; CLOUDS; 3-PI; C-2; OH+ AB Ab initio transition dipole moments between the X 3-SIGMA- and the A 3-PI states of NH and the 2 3-SIGMA- and 2 3-PI dissociative states have been computed. These transition dipole moments have been used to compute photodissociation cross sections and interstellar photodissociation rates for NH. Photodissociation rates for NH in the interstellar radiation field range from 1.9 to 4.7 x 10(-10) s-1 depending on the field used. Direct dissociation via the 2 3-SIGMA- and 2 3-PI states is found to be the only important pathway for photodestruction of NH in diffuse interstellar clouds. A large photodissociation cross section is found for the A 3-PI-2 3-SIGMA transition and a method for photolyzing NH in the laboratory is suggested. Einstein A coefficients and radiative lifetimes have also been computed for the A-X transition and are compared with recent theoretical and experimental work. C1 CORNELL UNIV,NATL SUPERCOMP FACIL,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP KIRBY, KP (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 24 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1991 VL 94 IS 2 BP 1271 EP 1276 DI 10.1063/1.460036 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA EU592 UT WOS:A1991EU59200052 ER PT J AU OLIVER, WA CHLUPAC, I AF OLIVER, WA CHLUPAC, I TI DEFINING THE DEVONIAN - 1979-89 SO LETHAIA LA English DT Article C1 USTREDNI USTAV GEOL,CS-11821 PRAGUE 1,CZECHOSLOVAKIA. RP OLIVER, WA (reprint author), US GEOL SURVEY,SMITHSONIAN INST,E 305 NAT HIST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 19 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCANDINAVIAN UNIVERSITY PRESS PI OSLO PA PO BOX 2959 TOYEN, JOURNAL DIVISION CUSTOMER SERVICE, N-0608 OSLO, NORWAY SN 0024-1164 J9 LETHAIA JI Lethaia PD JAN 15 PY 1991 VL 24 IS 1 BP 119 EP 122 DI 10.1111/j.1502-3931.1991.tb01185.x PG 4 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA EZ415 UT WOS:A1991EZ41500011 ER PT J AU ADAMS, FC FREESE, K AF ADAMS, FC FREESE, K TI DOUBLE-FIELD INFLATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PSEUDO-GOLDSTONE BOSONS; DENSITY PERTURBATIONS; EXTENDED INFLATION; UNIVERSE SCENARIO; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; PHASE-TRANSITION; FALSE VACUUM; COSMOLOGY; PRESCRIPTION; GENERATION AB We present an inflationary universe model which utilizes two coupled real scalar fields. The inflation field phi experiences a first-order phase transition and its potential dominates the energy density of the Universe during the inflationary epoch. This field phi is initially trapped in its metastable minimum and must tunnel through a potential barrier to reach the true vacuum. The second auxiliary field psi couples to the inflation field and serves as a catalyst to provide an abrupt end to the inflationary epoch; i. e., the psi field produces a time-dependent nucleation rate for bubbles of true phi vacuum. In this model, we find that bubbles of true vacuum can indeed percolate and we argue that thermalization of the interiors can more easily take place. The required degree of flatness (i. e., the fine-tuning) in the potential of the psi field is comparable to that of other models which invoke slowly rolling fields. Pseudo Nambu-Goldstone bosons may naturally provide the flat potential for the rolling field. C1 MIT,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP ADAMS, FC (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 35 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 15 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 2 BP 353 EP 361 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.43.353 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA ET217 UT WOS:A1991ET21700010 ER PT J AU DAVIS, JL HERRING, TA SHAPIRO, II AF DAVIS, JL HERRING, TA SHAPIRO, II TI EFFECTS OF ATMOSPHERIC MODELING ERRORS ON DETERMINATIONS OF BASE-LINE VECTORS FROM VERY LONG BASE-LINE INTERFEROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH AND PLANETS LA English DT Article ID PRECISION; GEODESY; SYSTEM AB We have performed a series of special very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) experiments that involve a significant fraction of group delay measurements made at very low elevation angles. Twenty-two such low-elevation experiments, each approximately 26 hours in duration, were performed over a period of approximately 2.5 years using VLBI antennas at the Goldstone complex in California and at Westford, Massachusetts. The purpose of these experiments was to expose and study errors in the formula for the elevation angle dependence of the atmospheric propagation delay, called the "mapping function." Errors in this formula are a principal source of error in estimates of vertical coordinate of site position and make a significant contribution to the error in estimates of baseline length for transcontinental and longer baselines. For the low-elevation experiments, estimates of baseline length had a root-mean-square (RMS) residual about the mean value of 7 mm, or about 1.7 parts per billion for this 3900-km baseline. This scatter is about 20% greater than that calculated by propagating the random measurement noise through a Kalman filter, which includes the noise contributions of the atmospheres and hydrogen maser "clocks" as well. We used specialized statistical tests to determine the contribution of mapping function errors to the estimates of vertical coordinate of site position and found this contribution to be less than 19 mm RMS. This value is roughly consistent with the observed larger-than-predicted scatter of the estimates of baseline lenght. We further found that for the 1-2 month spacing of our experiments, the mapping function errors do not exhibit a coherent annual signature but appear to be random in the long term. RP DAVIS, JL (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,MS 42,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. RI Davis, James/D-8766-2013 OI Davis, James/0000-0003-3057-477X NR 21 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOLID PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 96 IS B1 BP 643 EP 650 DI 10.1029/90JB01503 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA ER677 UT WOS:A1991ER67700023 ER PT J AU GEARY, CM AF GEARY, CM TI BRANDENBURG SOURCES FOR WEST AFRICAN HISTORY 1680-1700 - JONES,A SO AFRICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP GEARY, CM (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NAT MUSEUM AFRICAN ART,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AFRICAN STUDIES PROGRAM PI MADISON PA UNIV WISCONSIN, 1454 VAN HISE HALL, 1220 LINDEN DRIVE, MADISON, WI 53706 SN 0145-2258 J9 AFR ECON HIST JI Afr. Econ. Hist. PY 1991 IS 19 BP 183 EP 184 PG 2 WC History SC History GA GK406 UT WOS:A1991GK40600018 ER PT J AU LELLINGER, DB AF LELLINGER, DB TI NOTES ON NEOTROPICAL HYMENOPHYLLACEAE SO AMERICAN FERN JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP LELLINGER, DB (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FERN SOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA C/O DAVID B LELLINGER, SMITHSONIAN INST, BOTANY DEPT, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0002-8444 J9 AM FERN J JI Am. Fern J. PD JAN-MAR PY 1991 VL 81 IS 1 BP 24 EP 36 DI 10.2307/1547130 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA GF779 UT WOS:A1991GF77900003 ER PT J AU LOSKUTOFF, NM KRAEMER, DC RAPHAEL, BL HUNTRESS, SL WILDT, DE AF LOSKUTOFF, NM KRAEMER, DC RAPHAEL, BL HUNTRESS, SL WILDT, DE TI ADVANCES IN REPRODUCTION IN CAPTIVE, FEMALE GREAT APES - VALUE OF BIOTECHNIQUES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; GORILLA-GORILLA-GORILLA; FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE; NORMAL MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; INVITRO FERTILIZATION; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; ZONA PELLUCIDA; HUMAN OOCYTES; NUCLEAR TRANSPLANTATION; MONOZYGOTIC TWINS AB Most of the progress in female great ape reproduction has focused on monitoring ovarian and endocrine activity. Perhaps of more importance has been the gradually evolving interest and willingness to consider biotechnology as a potential, viable approach for enhancing reproductive performance. Artificial insemination (AI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), and embryo transfer offer an array of possibilities for combating infertility and understanding the fundamental differences and similarities among great ape species. Multidisciplinary efforts have assessed reproductive competence, from the simple (i.e., perineal tumescence and urinary occult blood in chimpanzees) to the complex (i.e., ovum recovery and IVF following exogenous hormone treatment in chimpanzees and gorillas). Hysterosalpingography and laparoscopy have been used to determine uterotubal patency and to identify pathological conditions in gorillas. Assays for steroid metabolites in serial urine samples, to permit accurate assessments of ovarian cyclicity, have been developed and validated for all great apes species. Stimulation of follicular recruitment and maturation has been achieved following administration of clomiphene citrate (chimpanzees and gorillas) and human menopausal gonadotropin (gorillas). Clomiphene citrate and human chorionic gonadotropin have been used to regulate ovulation for the AI of chimpanzees. Pregnancies have resulted in chimpazees and gorillas following AI using fresh and cryopreserved/thawed semen; however, conception rates vary. Embryos have been nonsurgically recovered from chimpanzees after timed matings and follicular oocytes have been recovered from chimpanzees and gorillas by transabdominal laparoscopy after exogenous hormone treatment. To date, although in vivo matured ova have been fertilized in vitro using homologous sperm in chimpanzees and gorillas, no great ape offspring have been born from transferred embryos produced by in vitro or in vivo fertilization. A review of the many remaining problems suggests the need for more basic studies of ovulation induction, ovum and sperm requirements in vivo and in vitro, and the effects of animal manipulation (anesthesia, surgery, and other stressors) on the ability of the female to ovulate and sustain pregnancy. Especially important are more assessments to identify reproductively competent individuals so that these females can be placed with breeding males while subfertile or infertile animals are designated for intensive artificial breeding research. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST,TEXAS AGR EXPT STN,DEPT VET PHYSIOL & PHARMACOL,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. DALLAS ZOO,DALLAS,TX. SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 122 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0275-2565 J9 AM J PRIMATOL JI Am. J. Primatol. PY 1991 VL 24 IS 3-4 BP 151 EP 166 DI 10.1002/ajp.1350240303 PG 16 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA FU828 UT WOS:A1991FU82800002 ER PT J AU CHRISTY, JH SALMON, M AF CHRISTY, JH SALMON, M TI COMPARATIVE-STUDIES OF REPRODUCTIVE-BEHAVIOR IN MANTIS SHRIMPS AND FIDDLER-CRABS SO AMERICAN ZOOLOGIST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1989 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOC OF ZOOLOGISTS CY DEC 27-30, 1989 CL BOSTON, MA SP AMER SOC ZOOLOGISTS ID SEMI-TERRESTRIAL CRABS; UCA-PUGILATOR; SEXUAL SELECTION; FEMALE CHOICE; MATING SYSTEM; GENUS UCA; ECOLOGY; EVOLUTION; CRUSTACEA; BEEBEI AB Comparative ethological studies of closely related species can place into clear perspective the functions of behavioral traits as species diverge and adapt to different environments. In this paper we contrast the reproductive behavior of species within two crustacean groups: the mantis shrimps (stomatopods) and the fiddler crabs (genus Uca). For the stomatopods, we identify probable selective relationships between features of species' ecology and their mating systems. Population density, the kind and availability of shelters in which these shrimps live, the intensity of predation and spawning cycles all play important roles in molding reproductive behavior in this group. Associations between the ecology and mating systems of fiddler crabs have been discussed recently elsewhere. Here we focus on a comparative analysis of sexual communication in these crabs. A study of competitive courtship signaling and mate choice in the fiddler crab Uca beebei has shown that certain male courtship signals are highly attractive probably because they exploit female sensory-response systems that have been molded by selection for escape from predators. Interspecific comparison of male courtship displays and the responses of females to these displays suggest that sensory exploitation may play an important role in the evolution of sexual signals in the genus. Comparative studies have advanced our understanding of how natural and sexual selection affect the reproductive behavior of both stomatopods and fiddler crabs. C1 FLORIDA ATLANTIC UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,BOCA RATON,FL 33431. RP CHRISTY, JH (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,APARTADO 2072,BALBOA,PANAMA. NR 46 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER SOC ZOOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0003-1569 J9 AM ZOOL JI Am. Zool. PY 1991 VL 31 IS 2 BP 329 EP 337 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA FH030 UT WOS:A1991FH03000006 ER PT J AU RUIZ, GM AF RUIZ, GM TI CONSEQUENCES OF PARASITISM TO MARINE-INVERTEBRATES - HOST EVOLUTION SO AMERICAN ZOOLOGIST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP AT THE 1990 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOC FOR ZOOLOGISTS : NEW PERSPECTIVES IN SOFT-SEDIMENT ECOLOGY CY DEC 27-30, 1990 CL SAN ANTONIO, TX SP AMER SOC ZOOLOGISTS ID BIVALVE TRANSENNELLA-TANTILLA; BIOMPHALARIA-GLABRATA; POPULATION BIOLOGY; LIFE-HISTORY; SCHISTOSOMA-MANSONI; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; GROWTH; SNAIL; PREVALENCE; CYCLE AB Parasitism among aquatic invertebrates is common, if not ubiquitous, and can be pathological to hosts. However, host evolution in response to parasitism has received little attention, particularly for marine invertebrates. Drawing on the rich literature demonstrating prey adaptations to predators, I develop analogous predictions for the ways in which host life histories may be molded by their parasites. Such adaptations are expected when the effects of parasites are severe and when the probability of infection is high. Predicted life history changes include the evolution of semelparity, reduced age at first reproduction and reduced size at first reproduction. Using Recent and fossil populations of two bivalves species in the genus Transennella, I show that the incidence of trematode parasites may explain a trend of reduced size through time and contribute to the maintenance of sexual dimorphism for size. RP RUIZ, GM (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,POB 28,EDGEWATER,MD 21037, USA. OI Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X NR 76 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ZOOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0003-1569 J9 AM ZOOL JI Am. Zool. PY 1991 VL 31 IS 6 BP 831 EP 839 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA HB557 UT WOS:A1991HB55700008 ER PT J AU FAUCHALD, K AF FAUCHALD, K TI THE ELECTRONIC PALOLA, OR, COMPUTER PUBLICATION OF SYSTEMATIC STUDIES SO AMERICAN ZOOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ZOOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0003-1569 J9 AM ZOOL JI Am. Zool. PY 1991 VL 31 IS 5 BP A128 EP A128 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA GV285 UT WOS:A1991GV28500508 ER PT J AU JAECKLE, WB AF JAECKLE, WB TI NUTRITIONAL PHYSIOLOGY OF FIELD-COLLECTED LARVAE OF TEDANIA-IGNIS (PORIFERA) SO AMERICAN ZOOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SMITHSONIAN MARINE STN LINK PT,FT PIERCE,FL. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ZOOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0003-1569 J9 AM ZOOL JI Am. Zool. PY 1991 VL 31 IS 5 BP A7 EP A7 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA GV285 UT WOS:A1991GV28500023 ER PT J AU ROUSE, GW AF ROUSE, GW TI SPERMATHECAE, SPERM AND SPERM DUCTS IN SMALL SABELLIDS (SABELLIDAE, POLYCHAETA) SO AMERICAN ZOOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 1 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ZOOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0003-1569 J9 AM ZOOL JI Am. Zool. PY 1991 VL 31 IS 5 BP A129 EP A129 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA GV285 UT WOS:A1991GV28500510 ER PT J AU STAUB, NL AF STAUB, NL TI THE EFFECT OF TESTOSTERONE ON FEMALES OF THE SEXUALLY DIMORPHIC PLETHODONTID SALAMANDER ANEIDES-HARDII SO AMERICAN ZOOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,EDGEWATER,MD. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ZOOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0003-1569 J9 AM ZOOL JI Am. Zool. PY 1991 VL 31 IS 5 BP A7 EP A7 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA GV285 UT WOS:A1991GV28500024 ER PT J AU HAYEK, LAC BERNOR, RL SOLOUNIAS, N STEIGERWALD, P AF HAYEK, LAC BERNOR, RL SOLOUNIAS, N STEIGERWALD, P TI PRELIMINARY STUDIES OF HIPPARIONINE HORSE DIET AS MEASURED BY TOOTH MICROWEAR SO ANNALES ZOOLOGICI FENNICI LA English DT Article ID DENTAL MICROWEAR; MOLAR MICROWEAR AB Hipparionine horses were evolutionarily diverse members of Neogene Holarctic paleofaunas. In this study, we have sampled 13 hipparionine species for a statistical analysis of tooth microwear features used as a basis for dietary interpretation. Our methodology included the generation of two statistical models: first, a two-group model to characterize a suite of browsing and grazing perissodactyls; second, a four-group model to characterize browsing and grazing perissodactyls in combination with browsing and grazing artiodactyls. Fisher's classification functions were used to transform hipparion species from their raw microwear measure space into the spaces defined by each of the two models separately. Our observations on hipparionine dietary modes reveal that they did not exclusively graze, but rather showed a mosaic of dietary preferences. C1 HOWARD UNIV,COLL MED,DEPT ANAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20059. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT CELL BIOL & ANAT,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. RP HAYEK, LAC (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT PALEOBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU FINNISH ZOOLOGICAL BOTANICAL PUBLISHING BOARD PI HELSINKI PA UNIV HELSINKI P O BOX 17 (P. RAUTATIEKATU 13), FIN-00014 HELSINKI, FINLAND SN 0003-455X J9 ANN ZOOL FENN JI Ann. Zool. Fenn. PY 1991 VL 28 IS 3-4 BP 187 EP 200 PG 14 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA HH437 UT WOS:A1991HH43700011 ER PT J AU CERUZZI, PE AF CERUZZI, PE TI WHEN COMPUTERS WERE HUMAN SO ANNALS OF THE HISTORY OF COMPUTING LA English DT Article AB A memorandum dated April 27, 1942, from the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, is reproduced. The memorandum describes a computing facility at the Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory, in which a team of humans equipped with mechanical calculators was organized to assist in aeronautics research. The memorandum reveals much about the state of computing as it existed just before the invention of automatic digital computers, whose introduction would bring this era to a close. RP CERUZZI, PE (reprint author), NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM,SMITHSONIAN INST,ROOM 3557,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FED INFORM PROCESSING SOC PI RESTON PA 1899 PRESTON WHITE DR, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0164-1239 J9 ANN HIST COMPUT PY 1991 VL 13 IS 3 BP 237 EP 244 PG 8 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA FX812 UT WOS:A1991FX81200001 ER PT J AU CERUZZI, P AF CERUZZI, P TI DEUTSCHES-MUSEUM WORKSHOP ON THE TECHNICAL HISTORY OF ELECTRICAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SO ANNALS OF THE HISTORY OF COMPUTING LA English DT Editorial Material RP CERUZZI, P (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FED INFORM PROCESSING SOC PI RESTON PA 1899 PRESTON WHITE DR, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0164-1239 J9 ANN HIST COMPUT PY 1991 VL 13 IS 4 BP 357 EP 358 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA GU502 UT WOS:A1991GU50200003 ER PT J AU NICOLSON, DH AF NICOLSON, DH TI A HISTORY OF BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE SO ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36TH ANNUAL SYSTEMATICS SYMP OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN - A CENTURY OF BOTANY : 1889-1989 CY OCT 06-07, 1989 CL MISSOURI BOT GARDEN, ST LOUIS, MO SP MISSOURI BOT GARDEN HO MISSOURI BOT GARDEN AB I divide botanical nomenclature into three partly overlapping periods: the schismatic period (1840-1930), the dark ages (1915-1950), and the IAPT renaissance (1950-date). The schisms began with the 1843 British Association for the Advancement of Science approval of zoological rules and became manifest with the 1867 Paris Congress approval of Alphonse de Candolle's botanical "laws." Reunification efforts, such as those by Dall (1877.12), failed. The contemporary rise of "Darwinism" added to the divisiveness. By the late 1800s, various botanical centers had or were evolving modified or different Codes from the Candollean, not to mention fully formed Codes from "outsiders" like Saint-Lager (1880.03?, 1881.04) and Kuntze (1891.10). The 1905 Vienna Congress eliminated all but the Brittonian (American) schism, which continued until the 1930 Cambridge Congress compromises. A nomenclatural "dark age" descended when the 1915 London Congress was cancelled because of a subsequent engagement, World War I. The next congress (Ithaca, 1926) declared itself incompetent due to insufficient international representation. The 1930 Cambridge Congress revised the 1912 Brussels Code but, largely because of the death of Briquet in 1931, its Code appeared only a few months before the 1935 Amsterdam Congress that amended it. Again a World War struck and no official Amsterdam Code was ever produced. The 1950 Stockholm Congress saw the establishment of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy, its journal, Taxon, in which all Code amendment proposals now appear, and its serial publication, Regnum Vegetabile, in which all subsequent Codes appear at the remorseless six-year pace of the congresses. RP NICOLSON, DH (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,NHB 166,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN PI ST LOUIS PA 2345 TOWER GROVE AVENUE, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 SN 0026-6493 J9 ANN MO BOT GARD JI Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. PY 1991 VL 78 IS 1 BP 33 EP 56 DI 10.2307/2399589 PG 24 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA EZ730 UT WOS:A1991EZ73000003 ER PT J AU CARLSON, DA ROUBIK, DW MILSTREY, K AF CARLSON, DA ROUBIK, DW MILSTREY, K TI DISTINCTIVE HYDROCARBONS AMONG GIANT HONEY-BEES, THE APIS-DORSATA GROUP (HYMENOPTERA, APIDAE) SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE APIS-DORSATA; APIS-LABORIOSA; SYSTEMATICS; HYDROCARBON; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY ID VECHTI MAA; DRONE AB Cuticular hydrocarbon pattern (CHP) analysis was performed on giant honey bees (the Apis dorsata group) including: 1), those occasionally given species status-Himalayan honey bees, Philippine honey bees, Sulawesi honey bees; 2), those separated since the Pleistocene-common A dorsata of the Indian and Asian lowlands and islands on the continential shelf (India and Sri Lanka, Thailand and Sumatra); and 3), giant honey bees of Borneo and Palawan, potential stepping-stones to the Phillippines and Sulawesi. Four groups were found among giant honey bees by this CHP analysis. Most distinctive were those of Palawan and Nepal. The widespread lowland Apis dorsata differed very little among mainland and island populations, whereas those of Borneo, Sulawesi, and Phillippines proper formed a single group. Those of the Himalayas appear to have diverged from A dorsata. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT ENTOMOL & NEMATOL,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. USDA,INSECTS AFFECTING MAN & ANIM RES LAB,GAINESVILLE,FL 32604. SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER PI PARIS CEDEX 15 PA 141 RUE JAVEL, 75747 PARIS CEDEX 15, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PY 1991 VL 22 IS 3 BP 169 EP 181 DI 10.1051/apido:19910301 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA FZ691 UT WOS:A1991FZ69100001 ER PT J AU MCCOY, G AF MCCOY, G TI HAMMOND,JEMISON + OBITUARY SO ARCHIVES OF AMERICAN ART JOURNAL LA English DT Item About an Individual RP MCCOY, G (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,ARCHIVES AMER ART,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARCHIVES AMER ART PI WASHINGTON PA 8TH & F STREETS, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0003-9853 J9 ARCH AM ART J JI Arch. Am. Art J. PY 1991 VL 31 IS 4 BP 1 EP 1 PG 1 WC Art SC Art GA JZ759 UT WOS:A1991JZ75900001 ER PT B AU ERHARDT, D AF ERHARDT, D BE Mecklenburg, MF TI Art in transit: Material considerations SO ART IN TRANSIT: STUDIES IN THE TRANSPORT OF PAINTINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on the Packing and Transportation of Paintings CY SEP 09-11, 1991 CL LONDON, ENGLAND SP Canadian Conservat Inst Commun Canada, Smithsonian Inst, Conservat Anal Lab, Natl Gallery Art, Tate Gallery C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,CONSERVAT ANALYT LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL GALLERY ART PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON, DC 20565 BN 0-89468-163-X PY 1991 BP 25 EP 36 PG 12 WC Art; Transportation SC Art; Transportation GA BD60H UT WOS:A1991BD60H00002 ER PT B AU MECKLENBURG, MF TUMOSA, CS AF MECKLENBURG, MF TUMOSA, CS BE Mecklenburg, MF TI An introduction into the mechanical behavior of paintings under rapid loading conditions SO ART IN TRANSIT: STUDIES IN THE TRANSPORT OF PAINTINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on the Packing and Transportation of Paintings CY SEP 09-11, 1991 CL LONDON, ENGLAND SP Canadian Conservat Inst Commun Canada, Smithsonian Inst, Conservat Anal Lab, Natl Gallery Art, Tate Gallery C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,CONSERVAT ANALYT LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL GALLERY ART PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON, DC 20565 BN 0-89468-163-X PY 1991 BP 137 EP 171 PG 35 WC Art; Transportation SC Art; Transportation GA BD60H UT WOS:A1991BD60H00014 ER PT J AU HAZEN, ML AF HAZEN, ML TI THE GOULD PLATES SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NGC AB Most of the 1200 photographs of southern galactic star clusters and double stars taken by Benjamin A. Gould at Cordoba, Argentina, in 1872-1882 are in the Harvard College Observatory plate collection. A recent evaluation of these plates shows many to be in usable condition. Details of the characteristics of Gould's plates of galactic clusters, including limiting magnitudes, are presented. RP HAZEN, ML (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 101 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1086/115662 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EP496 UT WOS:A1991EP49600001 ER PT J AU HAZEN, ML AF HAZEN, ML TI THE VARIABLE-STARS IN THE GLOBULAR-CLUSTER NGC6139 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID OOSTERHOFF PERIOD GROUPS; SYSTEM; AGE; GALAXY AB Photometry is presented for ten new variables within the tidal radius of NGC 6139 and for six new variables outside the tidal radius. Of the former, five have periods indicating they are probable RR Lyrae stars; these variables seem likely to be members of the cluster. An apparent visual distance modulus for NGC 6139 of 17.2 +/- 0.4 mag is derived. The RR Lyrae stars in the cluster show period shifts appropriate to a cluster of considerably lower metallicity than has been observed for NGC 6139. C1 CERRO TOLOLO INTERAMER OBSERV,NATL OPT ASTRON OBSERV,LA SERENA,CHILE. RP HAZEN, ML (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 101 IS 1 BP 170 EP & DI 10.1086/115675 PG 0 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EP496 UT WOS:A1991EP49600014 ER PT J AU KNAPEN, JH HES, R BECKMAN, JE PELETIER, RF AF KNAPEN, JH HES, R BECKMAN, JE PELETIER, RF TI DUST EXTINCTION IN NGC-4594, THE SOMBRERO GALAXY SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE GALAXIES, NGC-4594; GALAXIES, SPIRAL; INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM, DUST; INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM, EXTINCTION ID LAW AB We have studied the extinction law in the well-defined dust lane of the Sombrero galaxy, NGC4594. In the R,I,J,H, and K bands we find good agreement between values for the extinction ratios A-lambda/A(v) in NGC4594 and those reported for our own Galaxy. We can explain the apparently somewhat lower values in the B and V-bands with a scenario where parasitic light enters the line of sight: either foreground light or light from stars embedded in the dust lane. The Galactic extinction law seems to be valid for the dust in the Sombrero galaxy over the wavelength range studied. C1 KAPTEYN ASTRON INST, 9700 AV GRONINGEN, NETHERLANDS. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. RP KNAPEN, JH (reprint author), INST ASTROFIS CANARIAS, E-38200 LA LAGUNA, SPAIN. RI Peletier, Reynier/B-9633-2012 NR 17 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 241 IS 1 BP 42 EP 46 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ET955 UT WOS:A1991ET95500014 ER PT J AU ROGERS, RD FIELD, GB AF ROGERS, RD FIELD, GB TI COSMIC X-RAY-BACKGROUND FROM HOT GAS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; GRAVITATIONAL LENSES; INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN; CONSTRAINTS; GALAXIES; EMISSION; SPECTRUM RP ROGERS, RD (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 366 IS 1 BP 22 EP 29 DI 10.1086/169536 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EN154 UT WOS:A1991EN15400004 ER PT J AU LADD, EF ADAMS, FC CASEY, S DAVIDSON, JA FULLER, GA HARPER, DA MYERS, PC PADMAN, R AF LADD, EF ADAMS, FC CASEY, S DAVIDSON, JA FULLER, GA HARPER, DA MYERS, PC PADMAN, R TI FAR-INFRARED AND SUBMILLIMETER-WAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF STAR-FORMING DENSE CORES .1. SPECTRA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR CLOUD CORES; LOW-MASS STARS; H-II REGIONS; DARK CLOUDS; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; NH3 OBSERVATIONS; CO OBSERVATIONS; PROTOSTARS; EMISSION; OUTFLOWS C1 UNIV CHICAGO,YERKES OBSERV,CHICAGO,IL 60637. NASA,AMES RES CTR,MOFFETT FIELD,CA 94035. UNIV CAMBRIDGE,CAMBRIDGE,ENGLAND. RP LADD, EF (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,MS-51,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 64 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 366 IS 1 BP 203 EP 220 DI 10.1086/169553 PN 1 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EN154 UT WOS:A1991EN15400021 ER PT J AU BOHLMANN, F KING, RM AF BOHLMANN, F KING, RM TI SESQUITERPENE LACTONES FROM EPISCOTHAMNUS-CANDELABRUM SO BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE EPISCOTHAMNUS-CANDELABRUM; COMPOSITAE; SESQUITERPENE LACTONES; FUROHELIANGOLIDE; GUAIANOLIDES C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP BOHLMANN, F (reprint author), TECH UNIV BERLIN,INST ORGAN CHEM,W-1000 BERLIN 12,GERMANY. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0305-1978 J9 BIOCHEM SYST ECOL JI Biochem. Syst. Ecol. PY 1991 VL 19 IS 5 BP 440 EP 440 DI 10.1016/0305-1978(91)90062-5 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA GE444 UT WOS:A1991GE44400013 ER PT J AU WASSHAUSEN, DC AF WASSHAUSEN, DC TI NEW SPECIES OF DICLIPTERA (ACANTHACEAE) FROM THE GUIANAS SO BRITTONIA LA English DT Article AB Two new species, Dicliptera knappii from Guyana and D. granvillei from French Guiana, are described, illustrated, and compared with their closest relatives. RP WASSHAUSEN, DC (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN PI BRONX PA PUBLICATIONS DEPT, BRONX, NY 10458 SN 0007-196X J9 BRITTONIA JI Brittonia PD JAN-MAR PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.2307/2807168 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA FE068 UT WOS:A1991FE06800001 ER PT J AU ARNOLDI, MJ AF ARNOLDI, MJ TI ART AND POLITICS IN BLACK-AFRICA - JEWSIWECKI,B SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AFRICAN STUDIES-REVUE CANADIENNE DES ETUDES AFRICAINES LA English DT Book Review C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT ANTHROPOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN ASSN AFR STUD PI OTTAWA PA CARLETON UNIV, DEPT GEOGRAPHY, OTTAWA ON K1S 5B6, CANADA SN 0008-3968 J9 CAN J AFR STUD JI Can. J. Afr. Stud.-Rev. Can. Etud. Afr. PY 1991 VL 25 IS 3 BP 505 EP 507 DI 10.2307/485999 PG 3 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA LV261 UT WOS:A1991LV26100026 ER PT J AU SCHREIBER, A STORCH, V POWILLEIT, M HIGGINS, RP AF SCHREIBER, A STORCH, V POWILLEIT, M HIGGINS, RP TI THE BLOOD OF HALICRYPTUS-SPINULOSUS (PRIAPULIDA) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE LA English DT Article ID COELOMIC HEMERYTHRIN; SHEEP AB The blood of the priapulid Halicryptus spinulosus was investigated by protein electrophoresis and electron microscopy. Two cell types were encountered: irregularly shaped amoebocytes and spherical erythrocytes. In vitro, the former efficiently phagocytized bacteria and tended to coagulate. A 12-kilodalton polypeptide was the major molecule in erythrocytes, amounting to 20-30% of total erythrocytic proteins. It contained iron and probably formed complexes of higher molecular mass in the cells. These findings support suggestions that Halicryptus contains a haemerythrin-like pigment. Blood colour ranged from pink to black, probably depending on the hydrogen sulphide or oxygen concentration of the medium. Haematocrit values averaged 15.6%, and 58 000 erythrocytes were typically counted per microlitre of body fluid. The major blood constituent was a water-clear serum containing at least 20 proteins at very low and fairly variable concentrations; the molecular masses have been determined for 14 of these. A 46-kilodalton protein was prominent among serum proteins. Superoxide dismutase activity was demonstrated in erythrocyte lysates. C1 INST MEERESKUNDE,W-2300 KIEL,GERMANY. SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT INVERTEBRATE ZOOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP SCHREIBER, A (reprint author), ZOOL INST,NEUENHEIMER FELD 230,W-6900 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4301 J9 CAN J ZOOL JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 69 IS 1 BP 201 EP 207 DI 10.1139/z91-030 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA EX565 UT WOS:A1991EX56500030 ER PT J AU BENSON, RH RAKICELBIED, K AF BENSON, RH RAKICELBIED, K TI BIODYNAMICS, SALINE GIANTS AND LATE MIOCENE CATASTROPHISM SO CARBONATES AND EVAPORITES LA English DT Article AB The Messinian Salinity Crisis is several crises that fit the context of catastrophic modeling of the history of a Mediterranean "saline giant." Of the explanations available, we prefer the deep-basin/deep-water precipitation model for the early, deep-basin, massive gypsums and halites, contemporaneous with marginal, lagoonal gypsums; and the deep-basin/shallow-water desiccation theory to explain the later, shallow cyclic gypsums with associated lago mare faunas. The western basins before and after the Crisis were deep enough to maintain intermediate oceanic water-masses which is not possible today because of shallow thresholds. Early Pliocene mean paleodepths of the western basins were at least in the order of than 1500 m, which is the mean depth of the present Mediterranean. Tectonic changes in the threshold to the Atlantic were responsible for the isolation of the Paleo-Mediterranean during a eustatic high stand, followed by regression consequent to the evaporite precipitation phases. The context of Messinian stratigraphy has changed to include more events leading up to the Crisis. It began with evaporite deposition in the eastern basins during the Tortonian, and served to concentrate saline bottom-waters that later overflowed across the Pelagian Sea toward the west. In the western basins, it started at 6.4 Ma with a general water-budget deficit that altered the inflow over the threshold in the Rifian Corridor. A time of unusually high organic productivity and water-mass stratification followed, contemporaneous with evaporite deposition in some of the marginal seas and lagoons. Massive gypsum and halite deposition took place in the deep western basin in Chron 5 between 5.4 and 5.3 Ma. Our studies in Morocco and Spain indicate that passages to the Atlantic were closed during the cyclic gypsum and "lago mare" deposition, which took place during the long negative polarity reversal of Chron Gilbert from 5.3 to 4.9 Ma. We doubt that there were multiple marine inundations from the Atlantic into the Mediterranean after the first drawdown. The Rifian Corridor was closed by olistostromes at about 5.5 Ma. The last "leak" through the Gibraltar Barrier probably occurred in a passage through Oued Laou in northern Morocco at 5.4 Ma. The Oued Laou valley, which now forms a gorge through the Rif Mountains, could have furnished the influx of enough marine water in 27,000 years to furnish the nearly kilometer thick salt deposits of the deep Mediterranean basins. Gypsum deposits associated with shallow Paratethyan caspi-brackish (less than 8 parts per thousand salinity) ostracode and mollusk faunas, in the lower parts of both the Tyrrhenian and Algero-Provencal Basins, show that water depths in the deep basins changed from more than 1000 m to in the order of 100 m or less. However, faunal alternations typical of playa deposition are missing. The chemical composition of both gypsum and fossil shells indicate significant meteoric water, signaling a "fresh-water crisis." It is probable that phreatic, artesian, saline waters nourished a great sea-lake in the west. The Salinity Crisis is ended by the catastrophic flooding of all of the Mediterranean basins by deep-sea waters from the Atlantic. RP BENSON, RH (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,E-204 NHB,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 4 PU NORTHEASTERN SCIENCE FOUNDATION INC PI TROY PA PO BOX 746, TROY, NY 12181-0746 SN 0891-2556 J9 CARBONATE EVAPORITE JI Carbonates Evaporites PY 1991 VL 6 IS 2 BP 127 EP 168 PG 42 WC Geology SC Geology GA GU837 UT WOS:A1991GU83700003 ER PT J AU KUEHL, DW HAEBLER, R POTTER, C AF KUEHL, DW HAEBLER, R POTTER, C TI CHEMICAL RESIDUES IN DOLPHINS FROM THE UNITED-STATES ATLANTIC COAST INCLUDING ATLANTIC BOTTLE-NOSED OBTAINED DURING THE 1987/88 MASS MORTALITY SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID ORGANOCHLORINE POLLUTANTS; CETACEANS; POLLUTION; PCBS AB Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) collected during the 1987/88 mass mortality event along the Atlantic coast of the United States have been analyzed for anthropogenic chemical contaminants. Average contaminant concentrations in adult males were higher than the average concentrations measured in adult females. Females could be divided into two groups by contaminant concentrations, one with low concentrations, and another with concentrations 4.4 times (PCBs) to 8.9 times (p,p'-DDE) greater. Contaminant concentrations in bottlenose were generally greater than the concentrations measured in either common (Delphinus delphis) or white-sided (Lagenorhynchus acutus) dolphins from the western North Atlantic Ocean. A subset of animals screened for unusual chemical contaminants showed that numerous polybrominated chemicals were present, including polybrominated biphenyls and diphenyl ethers not previously found in marine mammals from U. S. coastal waters. C1 US EPA,NARRAGANSETT,RI 02882. SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20562. RP KUEHL, DW (reprint author), US EPA,ENVIRONM RES LAB DULUTH,6201 CONGDON BLVD,DULUTH,MN 55804, USA. NR 20 TC 81 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PY 1991 VL 22 IS 11 BP 1071 EP 1084 DI 10.1016/0045-6535(91)90308-Z PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FY941 UT WOS:A1991FY94100010 ER PT J AU SMITH, NG AF SMITH, NG TI ARCTIC GULLS 32 YEARS LATER - A REPLY TO SNELL SO COLONIAL WATERBIRDS LA English DT Note AB I reply to Snell's criticisms of mv work (Smith 1966a, 1966b, 1967a) done with Larus gulls in the eastern Canadian arctic during 1959, 1960, and 1961. In that work I presented evidence that the primary species' isolating mechanism involved the degree of contrast of the fleshy eye ring and iris against the white head and concluded (Smith 1966a, 1967a) that there was no evidence for hybridization in that area among Larus hyperboreus, L. argentatus, L. glaucoides kumlieni, and L. thayeri. Snell (1989) contested my conclusion that two of the most similar gulls (L. thayeri and L. glaucoides kumlieni) were mating assortatively in Home Bay, eastern Baffin Island. I here present arguments that Snell's (1989) published research on these gulls, and that of Gaston and Decker (1985) contained insufficient data to negate my conclusions. Snell (1989) asserted that what I published on gulls (1966a, 1966b, 1967a) and on plovers (1969) was logistically impossible. This interpretation was based on his four week visit to Home Bay, and on my published mistakes (Smith 1966a. 1966b, 1969) which are corrected here. These errors do not invalidate my conclusions. RP SMITH, NG (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BOX 2072,BALBOA,PANAMA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU COLONIAL WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0738-6028 J9 COLON WATERBIRD JI Colon. Waterbirds PY 1991 VL 14 IS 2 BP 190 EP 195 DI 10.2307/1521512 PG 6 WC Ecology; Ornithology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA GR951 UT WOS:A1991GR95100019 ER PT J AU FRIEDMAN, RS JAMIESON, MJ AF FRIEDMAN, RS JAMIESON, MJ TI A NOTE ON SOLVING COUPLED 2ND-ORDER LINEAR-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Note ID NUMEROV METHOD; EIGENVALUE AB A theoretical comparison is made of several popular methods for solving coupled second-order differential equations such as arise in atomic and molecular scattering calculations. The method of Raynal is recast in a very simple predictor-corrector form. C1 HARVARD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV GLASGOW,DEPT COMP SCI,GLASGOW G12 8QQ,SCOTLAND. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 62 IS 1 BP 53 EP 57 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(91)90120-A PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA EZ781 UT WOS:A1991EZ78100006 ER PT J AU GUZMAN, HM JACKSON, JBC WEIL, E AF GUZMAN, HM JACKSON, JBC WEIL, E TI SHORT-TERM ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF A MAJOR OIL-SPILL ON PANAMANIAN SUBTIDAL REEF CORALS SO CORAL REEFS LA English DT Article ID DIPLORIA-STRIGOSA; CARIBBEAN COAST; LIFE HISTORIES; COMMUNITIES; POLLUTION; PATTERNS; GROWTH; ABUNDANCE; STRESS; STATES AB A major oil spill (8,000,000 liters; 50,000 barrels) occurred in Bahia Las Minas on the Caribbean coast of Panama in April 1986, and oil slicks from the refinery landfill and mangroves were still common there after 2 1/2 years. We studied short-term effects of the spill on common shallow subtidal reef corals, at the individual, population, and community levels. Numbers of corals, total coral cover, and species diversity based on cover decreased significantly with increased amounts of oiling. Cover of the large branching coral Acropora palmata decreased most. Frequency and size of recent injuries on massive corals increased with level of oiling, particularly for Siderastrea siderea. Growth of three massive species (Porites astreoides, Diploria strigosa, and Montastrea annularis, but not S. siderea) was less at oiled reefs in the year of the spill than during the 9 previous years. Subtidal coral reefs, particularly those along protected coasts, may suffer extensive damage from chronic exposure after major oil spills. C1 SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. RI kohki, sowa/D-2955-2011 NR 69 TC 68 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 61 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0722-4028 J9 CORAL REEFS JI Coral Reefs PY 1991 VL 10 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1007/BF00301900 PG 12 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA FZ192 UT WOS:A1991FZ19200001 ER PT J AU MONTAGGIONI, LF MACINTYRE, IG AF MONTAGGIONI, LF MACINTYRE, IG TI REEFS AS RECORDERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGES - PREFACE SO CORAL REEFS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP MONTAGGIONI, LF (reprint author), UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 1,F-13331 MARSEILLE 3,FRANCE. NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0722-4028 J9 CORAL REEFS JI Coral Reefs PY 1991 VL 10 IS 2 BP 53 EP 54 DI 10.1007/BF00571823 PG 2 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA GD743 UT WOS:A1991GD74300001 ER PT B AU DAME, TM KOPER, E ISRAEL, F THADDEUS, P AF DAME, TM KOPER, E ISRAEL, F THADDEUS, P BE COMBES, F CASOLI, F TI A COMPLETE CO SURVEY OF M31 SO DYNAMICS OF GALAXIES AND THEIR MOLECULAR CLOUD DISTRIBUTIONS SE IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 146TH SYMP OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION ON DYNAMICS OF GALAXIES AND THEIR MOLECULAR CLOUD DISTRIBUTIONS CY JUN 04-09, 1990 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP INT ASTRON UNION, CNRS, OBSERV PARIS, INST RECH & APPL METHODS DEV, CTR NATL ETUDES SPATIALES ID GALAXY RP DAME, TM (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA DORDRECHT BN 0-7923-1096-9 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1991 VL 146 BP 23 EP 26 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BV33Q UT WOS:A1991BV33Q00007 ER PT J AU SAW, LG LAFRANKIE, JV KOCHUMMEN, KM YAP, SK AF SAW, LG LAFRANKIE, JV KOCHUMMEN, KM YAP, SK TI FRUIT-TREES IN A MALAYSIAN RAIN-FOREST SO ECONOMIC BOTANY LA English DT Article AB An inventory was made of 50 ha of primary lowland rain forest in Peninsular Malaysia, in which ca. 340,000 trees 1 cm dbh or larger were measured and identified to species. Out of a total plot tree flora of 820 species, 76 species are known to bear edible fruit. Especially diverse were the wild species of mango (Mangifera, Anacardiaceae, 12 spp.), mangosteen (Garcinia, Clusiaceae, 13 spp.), breadfruit (Artocarpus, Moraceae, 10 spp.) and rambutan (Nephelium, Sapindaceae, 5 spp.). Median population size for all species of fruit trees was 3.0 trees per ha and 0.2 adult trees per ha. Direct economic value of wild fruit trees was small; only one species has been very much collected and sold, Parkia speciosa (Fabaceae), amounting to less than US$20 per ha per year. The potential value of the species as genetic resources is very large: 24 species are cultivated, 38 edible species are congeneric with cultivated crops and at least 10 other species bear inedible fruit but are related to cultivated crops. We conclude that the Peninsular Malaysian rain forest is exceedingly rich in wild fruit trees, that these normally live at low densities, and that their principal economic value is as genetic resources. C1 FOREST RES INST MALAYSIA,SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,KUALA LUMPUR 52109,MALAYSIA. RP SAW, LG (reprint author), FOREST RES INST MALAYSIA,KUALA LUMPUR 52109,MALAYSIA. NR 30 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN PI BRONX PA PUBLICATIONS DEPT, BRONX, NY 10458 SN 0013-0001 J9 ECON BOT JI Econ. Bot. PD JAN-MAR PY 1991 VL 45 IS 1 BP 120 EP 136 DI 10.1007/BF02860057 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA FB040 UT WOS:A1991FB04000012 ER PT J AU BROWN, BV FRANCOEUR, A GIBSON, RL AF BROWN, BV FRANCOEUR, A GIBSON, RL TI REVIEW OF THE GENUS STYLETTA (DIPTERA, PHORIDAE), WITH DESCRIPTION OF A NEW GENUS SO ENTOMOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA LA English DT Article AB Specimens of a Nearctic phorid fly, tentatively placed in the genus Styletta Borgmeier, are found to be more closely related to the genus Menozziola Schmitz. A new genus, Trucidophora Brown, is proposed for the Nearctic Region species previously described as Styletta camponoti Brown. The correct name for this taxon is now T camponoti (Brown) (new combination). Similarly, S. ewardurskae Disney (from Europe) is transferred to Trucidophora (new combination). Third instar larva, puparium and life history information are described for T camponoti, which is a parasitoid of alate females of Camponotus herculeanus (L.), C. novaeboracensis (Fitch) and C. pennsylvanicus (De Geer) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). We suggest that parasitism of alate female ants, which is also recorded for M. schmitzi (Menozzi) from Europe, is a further synapotypy of Menozziola and Trucidophora. Multiple parasitism may also be a synapotypy of these two genera, but too little data on other phorid life histories are available to polarize this character state correctly. The male of the Neotropical Region phorid Styletta crocea Borgmeier, the type species for that genus, is described for the first time, and the structure of the male and female terminalia are illustrated. New distribution records are given for T camponoti, S. crocea, and North American Menozziola sp. Modifications are suggested for the Manual of Nearctic Diptera key to Phoridae to allow identification of the Nearctic Region taxa. RP BROWN, BV (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT ENTOMOL,NHB 169,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SCANDINAVICA PI LUND PA DEPT OF SYST ZOOL HELGOVAVAGEN 3, S-223 62 LUND, SWEDEN SN 0013-8711 J9 ENTOMOL SCAND JI Entomol. Scand. PY 1991 VL 22 IS 3 BP 241 EP 250 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA GR080 UT WOS:A1991GR08000001 ER PT J AU GRISWOLD, CE AF GRISWOLD, CE TI A REVISION AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE SPIDER GENUS MACHADONIA-LEHTINEN (ARANEAE, LYCOSOIDEA) SO ENTOMOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA LA English DT Article AB The twelve species of Machadonia, all occurring in southern Africa, are revised and illustrated and a key to species is provided. Machadonia is considered as incertae sedis in the superfamily Lycosoidea. The following five new species are proposed: Machadonia meikleae, M. sibyna, M. acaenata, M. transversa, and M. leleupi. A cladogram for those 9 species known from both sexes is proposed. RP GRISWOLD, CE (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT ENTOMOL,NHB 164,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SCANDINAVICA PI LUND PA DEPT OF SYST ZOOL HELGOVAVAGEN 3, S-223 62 LUND, SWEDEN SN 0013-8711 J9 ENTOMOL SCAND JI Entomol. Scand. PY 1991 VL 22 IS 3 BP 305 EP 351 PG 47 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA GR080 UT WOS:A1991GR08000004 ER PT J AU LORENZINI, EC CARROLL, JA AF LORENZINI, EC CARROLL, JA TI IN-ORBIT EXPERIMENTATION WITH THE SMALL EXPENDABLE-TETHER DEPLOYMENT SYSTEM SO ESA JOURNAL-EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY LA English DT Article AB The Small Expendable-Tether Deployment System (SEDS) is a lightweight deployer capable of deploying instrumented packages and other tethered payloads, with a mass limit of 1 metric ton, to a distance of up to 20 km. Since the payloads are not retrieved, the system is simple and inexpensive. On its first flight, presently scheduled for 1992, the deployer will be attached to the second stage of a Delta-II rocket, which will provide the stabilised platform for the deployment of the tethered payload. SEDS is particularly suitable for complementing the Tethered Satellite missions by providing a flexible system for experimenting with the tether-in-space technology. SEDS can also provide a convenient means of testing instruments and/or procedures that require the use of long tethers. C1 TETHER APPLICAT,SAN DIEGO,CA. RP LORENZINI, EC (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY PI NOORDWIJK PA ESTEC, PO BOX 299, 2200 AG NOORDWIJK, NETHERLANDS SN 0379-2285 J9 ESA J-EUR SPACE AGEN PY 1991 VL 15 IS 1 BP 27 EP 33 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA FN685 UT WOS:A1991FN68500003 ER PT B AU MYERS, PC AF MYERS, PC BE FALGARONE, E BOULANGER, F DUVERT, G TI CLOUDS, CORES, AND STARS IN THE NEAREST MOLECULAR-COMPLEXES SO FRAGMENTATION OF MOLECULAR CLOUDS AND STAR FORMATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 147TH SYMP OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION CY JUN 12-16, 1990 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP INT ASTRON UNION ID HERBIG-HARO OBJECTS; DARK CLOUDS; DENSE CORES; OPHIUCHUS; (CO)-C-13; COBWEBS; TAURUS; AURIGA RP MYERS, PC (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA DORDRECHT BN 0-7923-1158-2 PY 1991 BP 221 EP 228 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BU05N UT WOS:A1991BU05N00026 ER PT B AU VEERARAGHAVAN, S FULLER, GA AF VEERARAGHAVAN, S FULLER, GA BE FALGARONE, E BOULANGER, F DUVERT, G TI CHARACTERIZATION OF SPATIAL STRUCTURE IN MOLECULAR CLOUDS SO FRAGMENTATION OF MOLECULAR CLOUDS AND STAR FORMATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 147TH SYMP OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION CY JUN 12-16, 1990 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP INT ASTRON UNION ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; ISODENSITY CONTOURS; AREA RP VEERARAGHAVAN, S (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA DORDRECHT BN 0-7923-1158-2 PY 1991 BP 505 EP 507 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BU05N UT WOS:A1991BU05N00090 ER PT J AU KING, DA AF KING, DA TI CORRELATIONS BETWEEN BIOMASS ALLOCATION, RELATIVE GROWTH-RATE AND LIGHT ENVIRONMENT IN TROPICAL FOREST SAPLINGS SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ALLOCATION; GROWTH; LIGHT; SAPLING; TROPICAL FOREST AB The growth rates and patterns of above-ground biomass allocation were determined for saplings of nine species of a wet tropical forest in Costa Rica. Relative growth rate and allocation were calculated by remeasuring the dimensions of forest-grown saplings and using biomass-dimension relationships derived from harvested saplings to convert linear dimensions to biomass estimates. The light environment of each sapling was characterized in terms of direct and indirect site factors calculated from hemispherical 'fisheye' photographs of the canopy. Relative growth rate (RGR) was significantly correlated with both direct and indirect site factors. A significant negative correlation was found between ln(% leaf allocation) and RGR for six species, but no such correlation occurred for the three species most highly associated with canopy gaps. Thus, shade-tolerant saplings shift most of their above-ground growth to leaf replacement when heavily shaded, while gap-associated species allocate about 2/3 of above-ground growth to the stem and branches under all measured conditions. This differential plasticity in leaf vs wood allocation may be an important factor in determining the shade tolerance and successional status of woody species. RP KING, DA (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,APO,MIAMI,FL 34002, USA. NR 0 TC 104 Z9 109 U1 1 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0269-8463 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP 485 EP 492 DI 10.2307/2389630 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA GC217 UT WOS:A1991GC21700004 ER PT J AU DUDLEY, R AF DUDLEY, R TI THERMOREGULATION IN UNPALATABLE DANAINE BUTTERFLIES SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DANAINE BUTTERFLY; PALATABILITY; PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; THERMOREGULATION AB Thoracic temperatures of two species of unpalatable danaine butterflies in Papua New Guinea were high, exceeding ambient temperature on average by 5.5-degrees-C. Males and females of both species flew under conditions of intense solar irradiance, and in most cases showed significant regulation of thoracic temperature. Thoracic temperature excess was not, however, positively correlated with solar irradiance, body mass, or wing loading. In general, equilibrium temperature of a flying butterfly is influenced by choice of microhabitat, flight metabolism, and convective cooling. Interactions between these factors can be complex, and may alternatively result in thoracic temperatures close to ambient (as reported previously for unpalatable neotropical butterflies), or in a high thoracic excess, as exemplified by the danaine butterflies considered here. Association between palatability and thermal biology in butterflies thus has a variety of possible outcomes. RP DUDLEY, R (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,POB 2072,BALBOA,PANAMA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0269-8463 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP 503 EP 506 DI 10.2307/2389632 PG 4 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA GC217 UT WOS:A1991GC21700006 ER PT J AU GINGERICH, O AF GINGERICH, O TI 'SIDEREUS NUNCUS, OR THE SIDEREAL MESSENGER' - GALILEO,G, VANHELDEN,A, TRANSLATOR SO HISTORY OF EUROPEAN IDEAS LA English DT Book Review RP GINGERICH, O (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0191-6599 J9 HIST EUR IDEA JI Hist. European Ideas PY 1991 VL 13 IS 4 BP 450 EP 451 PG 2 WC Philosophy SC Philosophy GA GB373 UT WOS:A1991GB37300030 ER PT J AU RAND, H AF RAND, H TI THE NAZIFICATION OF ART - TAYLOR,B, VANDERWILL,W SO HISTORY OF EUROPEAN IDEAS LA English DT Book Review RP RAND, H (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0191-6599 J9 HIST EUR IDEA JI Hist. European Ideas PY 1991 VL 13 IS 4 BP 480 EP 481 DI 10.1016/0191-6599(91)90057-6 PG 2 WC Philosophy SC Philosophy GA GB373 UT WOS:A1991GB37300054 ER PT J AU DAME, TM KOPER, E ISRAEL, F THADDEUS, P AF DAME, TM KOPER, E ISRAEL, F THADDEUS, P TI A COMPLETE CO SURVEY OF M31 SO IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article ID GALAXY AB The 1.2 m telescope at the Center for Astrophysics is being used to carry out the first complete CO survey of M31. To date, the entire galaxy out to a radius of at least 15 kpc - well beyond the optical disk and H I ring - has been observed every half-beamwidth (4.5'), with approximately 1 hr of integration per point yielding an rms of 20 mK in 1.3 km s-1 channels. Like H I and other Population I tracers, molecular clouds in M31 are mainly concentrated in a broad ring with a radius of approximately 10 kpc, but beyond the peak of the ring molecular gas falls off more sharply than atomic gas. On the assumption of a standard Galactic value for the conversion of CO emission to H-2 mass, the average molecular surface density at the peak of the ring is approximately 1 M. pc-2 and the total molecular mass of M31 is approximately 3 x 10(8) M.. The survey will be essentially repeated during the coming year to improve the signal-to-noise. C1 LEIDEN UNIV, 2300 RA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS. RP HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, 60 GARDEN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1991 IS 146 BP 23 EP 26 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA HK281 UT WOS:A1991HK28100007 ER PT J AU KOPER, E DAME, TM ISRAEL, FP THADDEUS, P AF KOPER, E DAME, TM ISRAEL, FP THADDEUS, P TI EMISSION FROM INTERSTELLAR GAS AND DUST IN M31 SO IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article ID GALAXY AB We present preliminary results of a comparison of the spatial distributions of 100-mu-m, H I and CO emission in M31. Using a scatter diagram of 100-mu-m intensity versus H I column density, we have derived an upper limit to the molecular gas column density. We have compared these values with the velocity-integrated CO intensity to find an upper limit to the CO-to-H-2 conversion factor in the ring of M31 of 5 10(20) mol cm-2 [K km s-1]-1. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. RP LEIDEN UNIV, POB 9513, 2300 RA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1991 IS 146 BP 27 EP 28 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA HK281 UT WOS:A1991HK28100008 ER PT J AU MYERS, PC AF MYERS, PC TI CLOUDS, CORES, AND STARS IN THE NEAREST MOLECULAR-COMPLEXES SO IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article ID HERBIG-HARO OBJECTS; DARK CLOUDS; DENSE CORES; OPHIUCHUS; (CO)-C-13; COBWEBS; TAURUS; AURIGA AB The properties and structure of six molecular complexes within 500 pc of the Sun are described and compared. They are generally organized into elongated filaments which appear connected to less elongated, more massive clouds. Their prominent star clusters tend to be located in the massive clouds rather than in the filaments. The complexes have similar structure, but big differences in scale, from a few pc to some 30 pc. They show a pattern of regional virial equilibrium, where the massive, centrally located clouds are close to virial equilibrium, while the less massive filaments and other small clouds have too little mass to bind their observed internal motions. Complexes can be ranked according to increasing size, mass, core mass, and the mass and number of the associated stars: they range from Lupus to Taurus to Ophiuchus to Perseus to Orion B to Orion A. The cores in nearby complexes tend to have maps which are elongated, rather than round. The core size, velocity dispersion, and column density of most cores are consistent with virial equilibrium. Cores in Orion tend to exceed cores in Taurus in their line width, size, temperature, mass, and in the mass of the associated star, if any. Stars in Orion tend to be more numerous and more massive than in Taurus, while those in Taurus tend to be more numerous and more massive than in Lupus. The mass of a core tends to increase with the mass of the cloud where it is found, with the mass of the star cluster with which it is associated, and with its proximity to a star cluster. These properties suggest that complexes and their constituent cores and clusters develop together over time, perhaps according to the depth of the gravitational well of the complex. RP MYERS, PC (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1991 IS 147 BP 221 EP 228 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA GE121 UT WOS:A1991GE12100026 ER PT J AU EVANS, NJ LADA, EA AF EVANS, NJ LADA, EA TI STAR FORMATION IN 3 NEARBY CLOUD COMPLEXES SO IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article DE STAR FORMATION; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; EMBEDDED CLUSTERS ID OPHIUCHUS DARK-CLOUD; TAURUS MOLECULAR-COMPLEX; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; RHO-OPHIUCHI; NH3 OBSERVATIONS; DENSE CORES; STELLAR POPULATION; INFRARED OBSERVATIONS; IRAS 16293-2422; YOUNG STARS AB We consider the distribution and nature of the gas and star formation in three nearby molecular cloud complexes: Taurus-Auriga, Ophiuchus, and Orion. Large-scale studies show that quite different distributions of dense gas and star formation exist in these regions, but that the global efficiency of star formation, so far, is about 1% in all of these complexes, very similar to the final efficiencies deduced for open clusters and associations. Furthermore, evidence for differences in the initial mass function among these regions is weak; all three regions may be compatible with the initial mass function for open clusters and field stars. Finally, we consider specific examples of star formation in each complex; the results indicate that the ideas of Adams, Lada, and Shu (1987) are reasonably consistent with the data on L1551 IRS 5, in the Taurus cloud, but that modifications are likely to be needed for IRAS 16293-2422 in Ophiuchus and for NGC2071 in Orion. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP EVANS, NJ (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,DEPT ASTRON,AUSTIN,TX 78712, USA. NR 105 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1991 IS 147 BP 293 EP 315 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA GE121 UT WOS:A1991GE12100033 ER PT J AU TEREBEY, S BEICHMAN, CA GAUTIER, TN HESTER, JJ MYERS, PC VOGEL, SN AF TEREBEY, S BEICHMAN, CA GAUTIER, TN HESTER, JJ MYERS, PC VOGEL, SN TI A SURVEY OF CIRCUMSTELLAR STRUCTURE AROUND YOUNG LOW MASS STARS SO IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article DE INFRARED SOURCES; STARS-ACCRETION; CIRCUMSTELLAR GAS; STAR FORMATION; PREMAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; STELLAR WINDS; BINARIES ID DENSE CORES; DARK CLOUDS AB We present results from a near-infrared array, CO interferometer, and H2O maser interferometer survey of the circumstellar environments of 26 young low-luminosity embedded stars located in nearby molecular clouds. About 75% of the sample show evidence for stellar winds/outflows in the near-infrared or CO data indicating that most of these sources are in the early wind clearing phase of their evolution. Close to 15% are multiple on the scale of 20", suggesting that fragmentation of their surrounding dense cloud cores is important before or during gravitational collapse. Roughly 10% have H2O maser emission and the kinematics imply the masers arise in gravitationally unbound gas (i.e., a stellar wind or outflow) rather than in a circumstellar disk. C1 CALTECH,PALOMAR OBSERV,PASADENA,CA 91125. CALTECH,JET PROPULS LAB,PASADENA,CA 91125. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV MARYLAND,MET & CERAM PROGRAM,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP TEREBEY, S (reprint author), CALTECH,CTR INFRARED PROC & ANAL,MS 100-22,PASADENA,CA 91125, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1991 IS 147 BP 345 EP 352 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA GE121 UT WOS:A1991GE12100036 ER PT J AU GOODMAN, AA MYERS, PC BASTIEN, P AF GOODMAN, AA MYERS, PC BASTIEN, P TI POLARIZATION OF BACKGROUND STARLIGHT AND THE STRUCTURE OF THE INTERSTELLAR MAGNETIC-FIELD SO IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article ID DARK CLOUD; TAURUS; OPHIUCHUS; EVOLUTION AB We discuss the use of polarization maps of background starlight in studying the structure of the interstellar magnetic field. We make the assumption that the polarization observed is due to magnetically aligned dust grains associated with interstellar clouds along the line of sight, and that the position angle (THETA-E) of polarization observed gives the direction (modulo 180-degrees) of B --> perpendicular-to, the plane-of-the-sky projection of the (line-of-sight-averaged) magnetic field. There are two basic points in this paper. (1) Out of context, the projected orientation of an elongated dark cloud may appear special (e.g. roughly "parallel" or "perpendicular") in relation to the local (plane-of-the-sky) field direction given by polarization observations, but, when the view is expanded to include an entire complex of dark clouds, the shape and orientation of clouds within a complex often appears unrelated to the field structure. (2) The dispersion in the postion angle of polarization observed in a region of the sky contains information about the ratio of the strength of the uniform (straight) component of the local magnetic field as compared to the dispersion (nonuniform component) in the field. Furthermore, in a region where Zeeman measurements covering the same region as polarization observations have been made, the uniform-to-nonuniform ratio deduced for the field from polarization data, can be combined with information about the line-of-sight field and an estimate of the correlation length of the field, to describe the magnetic field in three dimensions. We discuss the results of such an analysis for the dark cloud Lynds 204 (L204). C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV MONTREAL,DEPT PHYS,MONTREAL H3C 3J7,QUEBEC,CANADA. RP GOODMAN, AA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1991 IS 147 BP 417 EP 423 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA GE121 UT WOS:A1991GE12100055 ER PT J AU VEERARAGHAVAN, S FULLER, GA AF VEERARAGHAVAN, S FULLER, GA TI CHARACTERIZATION OF SPATIAL STRUCTURE IN MOLECULAR CLOUDS SO IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; ISODENSITY CONTOURS; AREA AB Two topological tools for studying the global structure of molecular clouds, the genus and the contour-crossing statistic, are discussed. Preliminary results for the Taurus molecular cloud complex are presented. RP VEERARAGHAVAN, S (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1991 IS 147 BP 505 EP 507 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA GE121 UT WOS:A1991GE12100090 ER PT J AU KALFATOVIC, MR AF KALFATOVIC, MR TI BEYOND THE BOOK - EXTENDING MARC FOR SUBJECT ACCESS - PETERSEN,T, MOLHOLT,P SO INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Book Review RP KALFATOVIC, MR (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL MUSEUM AMER ART,NATL PORTRAIT GALLERY LIB,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0306-4573 J9 INFORM PROCESS MANAG JI Inf. Process. Manage. PY 1991 VL 27 IS 6 BP 735 EP 737 DI 10.1016/0306-4573(91)90019-I PG 3 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA GR501 UT WOS:A1991GR50100018 ER PT J AU FAZIO, GG AF FAZIO, GG TI INFRARED ASTROPHYSICS SO INFRARED PHYSICS LA English DT Letter RP FAZIO, GG (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0020-0891 J9 INFRARED PHYS PY 1991 VL 31 IS 6 BP 633 EP 634 PG 2 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA GW026 UT WOS:A1991GW02600016 ER PT J AU HOWARD, J BUSH, M WILDT, DE AF HOWARD, J BUSH, M WILDT, DE TI TERATOSPERMIA IN DOMESTIC CATS COMPROMISES PENETRATION OF ZONA-FREE HAMSTER OVA AND CAT ZONAE-PELLUCIDAE SO JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE SPERM MORPHOLOGY; TERATOSPERMIA; SPERM FUNCTION; ZONA-FREE HAMSTER OVA; ZONA-PELLUCIDA ID HUMAN INVITRO FERTILIZATION; MORPHOLOGICALLY ABNORMAL SPERM; MOUSE EGGS INVITRO; HUMAN-SPERMATOZOA; UNEXPLAINED INFERTILITY; FOLLICULAR OOCYTES; REPRODUCTIVE-TRACT; IN-VITRO; CAPACITATION; ASSAY AB The ability of spermatozoa to bind and penetrate zona-free hamster ova and the zonae pellucidae of domestic cat oocytes in vitro was compared between normospermic (> 60% structurally normal spermatozoa per ejaculate) and teratospermic (< 40% normal spermatozoa per ejaculate) domestic cats. The effects of culture media (Biggers, Whitten, Whittingham [BWW] versus modified Krebs Ringer bicarbonate [mKRB]) and simple dilution (DR), ejaculate centrifugation, and either resuspension (NS) or swim-up processing (SU) on penetration also were examined. High percentages of structurally normal spermatozoa were bound to zona-pellucida-free hamster ova regardless of the morphological forms in the inseminant. Mean percent normal spermatozoa bound to ova in DR, NS, and SU sperm aliquots from teratospermic male cats were not different (P > 0.05) from similarly treated normosphermic aliquots. However, the percent penetration of hamster ova by normospermic ejaculates (10.5%) was superior (P < 0.05) to that of teratospermic ejaculates (2.8%). Although swim-up processing improved percent sperm motility, progressive motility, and normal morphology in teratospermic ejaculates (P < 0.05), no difference was observed in ovum penetration among the DR-treated, NS-treated, and SU-treated spermatozoa (P > 0.05). Culture medium had no effect on sperm binding in the hamster assay, but ovum penetration rate by spermatozoa in the normospermic ejaculates was enhanced (P < 0.05) using mKRB (13.5%) when compared with BWW (7.6%) medium. Spermatozoa from teratospermic cats were capable of binding and penetrating cat zonae; however, sperm-zona interaction (defined as percent of oocytes with spermatozoa binding to or penetrating into the zona) was different (P < 0.05) between normospermic (65.3%) and teratospermic (24.2%) cats. The number of bound spermatozoa per ovum was five-fold less in males producing high proportions of pleiomorphic spermatozoa (P < 0.05). Zona penetration was also different between normospermic (58.1%) and teratospermic (16.9%) males. Within cat populations, the DR, NS, and SU treatments had no influence on sperm binding or zona penetration. These results indicate that teratospermia in domestic cats has a detrimental impact on gamete interaction and penetration of zona-free hamster ova and cat zonae pellucidae. The in vitro effect is not entirely dependent on absolute numbers of structurally normal spermatozoa but appears to be related to an unidentified characteristic of teratospermic ejaculates. RP HOWARD, J (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT ANIM HLTH,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR00045]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD23853] NR 59 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANDROLOGY, INC PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS, INC PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0196-3635 J9 J ANDROL JI J. Androl. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 12 IS 1 BP 36 EP 45 PG 10 WC Andrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA EX402 UT WOS:A1991EX40200005 PM 2010349 ER PT J AU ZEH, DW ZEH, JA AF ZEH, DW ZEH, JA TI NOVEL USE OF SILK BY THE HARLEQUIN BEETLE-RIDING PSEUDOSCORPION, CORDYLOCHERNES-SCORPIOIDES (PSEUDOSCORPIONIDA, CHERNETIDAE) SO JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY LA English DT Note RP ZEH, DW (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,APO,MIAMI,FL 34002, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ARACHNOLOGICAL SOC PI NEW YORK PA C/O NORMAN I PLATNICK, AMER MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY, CENTRAL PK WEST AT 79TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10024 SN 0161-8202 J9 J ARACHNOL JI J. Arachnol. PY 1991 VL 19 IS 2 BP 153 EP 154 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA GH694 UT WOS:A1991GH69400015 ER PT J AU LESSIOS, HA AF LESSIOS, HA TI PRESENCE AND ABSENCE OF MONTHLY REPRODUCTIVE RHYTHMS AMONG 8 CARIBBEAN ECHINOIDS OFF THE COAST OF PANAMA SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE LUNAR PERIODICITY; REPRODUCTIVE SYNCHRONY; SAND DOLLAR; SEA URCHIN ID LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; DIADEMA-ANTILLARUM; MASS MORTALITY; INVERTEBRATE REPRODUCTION; INDO-PACIFIC; SEA-URCHINS; EGG SIZE; PHYLOGENY; LUNAR; ECHINODERMATA AB Monthly reproductive rhythms of five species of regular and two species of irregular echinoids were studied in the San Blas Archipelago during 1984. The annual reproductive periodicity of these species had been studied at the same locality in 1982-83. The data were subjected to Rayleigh's tests, autocorrelation analysis, and cross correlation analysis with the phases of the moon. Previously published data for an additional species, Diadema antillarum, that had been studied with the same sampling regime during the same time period in the same area, were re-analysed with the statistical procedures used in this paper. The eight species could be classified in four categories with regards to their mode of spawning: (1) Tripneustes ventricosus (Lamarck), Echinometra viridis A. Agassiz and Leodia sexiesperforata (Leske) spawn at random during the lunar cycle. (2) Clypeaster rosaceus (Linnaeus) and Lytechinus williamsi Chesher show nonrandom distributions of their spawning activity around the lunar cycle, but do not appear to follow any lunar periodicity. (3) Eucidaris tribuloides (Lamarck) and Diadema antillarum Philippi have a lunar rhythm in their reproduction, each spawning during a different lunar phase. (4) Lytechinus variegatus (Lamarck) follows a semilunar cycle, spawning every new and full moon, a pattern that had also been found in Bermuda in 1938. The phylogenetic position of the eight species indicates that lunar periodicity is not a lineage-specific trait, inherited from a common ancestor. It must, instead, have evolved independently echinoid taxa, possibly as an adaptation to serve the reproductive requirements of each species. However, attempts to identify its adaptive significance through comparisons between the species failed to support any of the hypotheses examined. Because water level on the Atlantic coast of Panama is determined by meteorological conditions as well as base tides, lunar spawning is unlikely to be cued by the tide, or to be an adaptation for flushing of fertilized zygotes away from reefs. Species in which lunar rhythms are present are not distinguished from species that spawn at random by their special photosensitivity, they are unlikely to be doing so because of food limitations during part of the month, and they do not appear to be under stronger selection for reproductive synchrony than species that have no lunar rhythms. RP LESSIOS, HA (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BOX 2072,BALBOA,PANAMA. NR 53 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PY 1991 VL 153 IS 1 BP 27 EP 47 DI 10.1016/S0022-0981(05)80004-8 PG 21 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA GR915 UT WOS:A1991GR91500003 ER PT J AU PETERSEN, CW HESS, HC AF PETERSEN, CW HESS, HC TI THE ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF SPAWNING SYNCHRONIZATION IN THE CARIBBEAN DAMSELFISH STEGASTES-DORSOPUNICANS (POEY) SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE EGG SURVIVORSHIP; FILIAL CANNIBALISM; LUNAR CYCLE; PATERNAL CARE; REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR ID SERGEANT MAJOR DAMSELFISHES; FILIAL CANNIBALISM; CICHLID FISH; REEF FISHES; BEHAVIOR; PISCES; SIZE; POMACENTRIDAE; REPRODUCTION; EVOLUTION AB In the dusky damselfish Stegastes dorsopunicans (Poey) two levels of population reproductive synchrony exist. At one level, there is a broad peak in spawning activity every month between full moon and new moon. Within these lunar peaks of spawning activity, spawning is concentrated on specific days, often flanked by days with no spawning, resulting in spawning peaks within the broader monthly peak. On days of higher spawning activity, more females spawn in a nest that receives eggs, and the average number of eggs a male receives is higher. Larger clutches suffer lower mortality from both complete and partial clutch predation by the father (filial cannibalism). Males are more likely to eat complete clutches when the clutches are small. Fathers also appear to eat a subset of their clutches, but the number of eggs eaten is independent of clutch size, so larger clutches have a lower percentage mortality from partial clutch loss. A separate source of clutch mortality, complete clutch loss to nocturnal predators, affects all clutches equally and does not select for large clutch size and spawning synchrony. The differences in rates of clutch cannibalism between synchronized and nonsynchronized days provides an adaptive explanation for spawning synchrony in this noncolonial fish; female synchrony may have evolved in response to differential egg mortality. C1 SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. UNIV WASHINGTON,FRIDAY HARBOR LABS,FRIDAY HARBOR,WA 98250. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT ZOOL NJ-15,SEATTLE,WA 98195. NR 28 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PY 1991 VL 151 IS 2 BP 155 EP 167 DI 10.1016/0022-0981(91)90122-D PG 13 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA GL789 UT WOS:A1991GL78900002 ER PT J AU SMITH, LD HINES, AH AF SMITH, LD HINES, AH TI THE EFFECT OF CHELIPED LOSS ON BLUE-CRAB CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS RATHBUN FORAGING RATE ON SOFT-SHELL CLAMS MYA-ARENARIA L SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AUTOTOMY; CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS; FORAGING; MYA-ARENARIA; PREDATOR PREY INTERACTION ID CHESAPEAKE BAY; CRUSTACEA-PORTUNIDAE; SIZE SELECTION; TAIL AUTOTOMY; PREY SIZE; PREDATION; SUBESTUARY; BIVALVES; BEHAVIOR; INFAUNA AB Loss of single chelipeds was common (4-17%) in populations of blue crab Callinectes sapidus Rathbun surveyed in Chesapeake Bay and along the southeastern Atlantic coast and Gulf of Mexico. In contrast, blue crabs missing both chelipeds were relatively rare (0-5%). Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effects of cheliped autotomy on blue crab foraging rate on soft-shell clams Mya arenaria L. In replicated aquarium experiments, clams (44-72 mm shell length) were allowed 48 h to burrow in sandy substratum before an intact male crab or one missing one or both chelipeds was introduced. After 48 h, clams were checked for evidence of siphon injury or mortality. Foraging rate (clams consumed/48 h) of crabs missing a single crusher cheliped did not differ significantly from that of intact crabs. Blue crabs compensated for the loss of a crusher by using the cutter cheliped and opposite first walking leg to forage. In contrast, crabs missing both chelipeds experienced a greater feeding handicap; their consumption of clams was significantly lower than that of intact crabs. The low incidence of individuals missing both chelipeds suggests that such injury does little to diminish blue crab predation on M. arenaria populations. RP SMITH, LD (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,POB 28,EDGEWATER,MD 21037, USA. NR 40 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PY 1991 VL 151 IS 2 BP 245 EP 256 PG 12 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA GL789 UT WOS:A1991GL78900007 ER PT J AU HILL, A BEHRENSMEYER, K BROWN, B DEINO, A ROSE, M SAUNDERS, J WARD, S WINKLER, A AF HILL, A BEHRENSMEYER, K BROWN, B DEINO, A ROSE, M SAUNDERS, J WARD, S WINKLER, A TI KIPSARAMON - A LOWER MIOCENE HOMINOID SITE IN THE TUGEN HILLS, BARINGO DISTRICT, KENYA SO JOURNAL OF HUMAN EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN KENYA; MORPHOLOGY; BULUK; APE C1 NATL MUSEUM NAT HIST,SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT PALEOBIOL,MRC,NHB 121,WASHINGTON,DC 20506. OHIO UNIV,COLL ARTS & SCI,DEPT ZOOL & BIOMED SCI,ATHENS,OH 45701. OHIO UNIV,COLL OSTEOPATH MED,BASIC SCI UNIT,ATHENS,OH 45701. INST HUMAN ORIGINS,CTR GEOCHRONOL,BERKELEY,CA 94709. UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,NEW JERSEY MED SCH,DEPT ANAT,NEWARK,NJ 07103. ILLINOIS STATE MUSEUM,SPRINGFIELD,IL 62706. KENT STATE UNIV,DEPT SOCIOL & ANTHROPOL,KENT,OH 44242. NORTHEASTERN OHIO UNIV,COLL MED,HUMAN ANAT PROGRAM,ROOTSTOWN,OH 44272. SO METHODIST UNIV,DEPT GEOL SCI,DALLAS,TX 75275. SO METHODIST UNIV,SHULER MUSEUM PALEONTOL,DALLAS,TX 75275. RP HILL, A (reprint author), YALE UNIV,DEPT HIGH TEMP,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520, USA. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0047-2484 J9 J HUM EVOL JI J. Hum. Evol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 20 IS 1 BP 67 EP 75 DI 10.1016/0047-2484(91)90046-X PG 9 WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology GA EU636 UT WOS:A1991EU63600005 ER PT J AU BROWN, JL BUSH, M PACKER, C PUSEY, AE MONFORT, SL OBRIEN, SJ JANSSEN, DL WILDT, DE AF BROWN, JL BUSH, M PACKER, C PUSEY, AE MONFORT, SL OBRIEN, SJ JANSSEN, DL WILDT, DE TI DEVELOPMENTAL-CHANGES IN PITUITARY-GONADAL FUNCTION IN FREE-RANGING LIONS (PANTHERA-LEO-LEO) OF THE SERENGETI PLAINS AND NGORONGORO CRATER SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY LA English DT Article DE LION; GNRH; LH; TESTOSTERONE; RECEPTORS; TESTIS; SPERMATOZOA ID TESTICULAR GONADOTROPIN RECEPTORS; HORMONE LH-RH; SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS; MALE-RATS; TESTOSTERONE; PUBERTY; CHEETAH; BULLS; EJACULATE; SECRETION AB Pituitary-gonadal function was examined in male lions free-ranging in the Serengeti Plains or geographically isolated in the Ngorongoro Crater of Tanzania. Lions were classified by age as adult (6.1-9.8 years), young adult (3.3-4.5 years) or prepubertal (1.4-1.6 years, Serengeti Plains only). Each animal was anaesthetized and then bled at 5-min intervals for 100 min before and 140 min after i.v. administration of saline or GnRH (1-mu-g/kg body weight). Basal serum LH and FSH concentrations were similar (P > 0.05) among age classes and between locations. In Serengeti Plains lions, net LH peak concentrations after GnRH were approximately 35% greater (P < 0.05) in prepubertal than in either adult or young adult animals. GnRH-stimulated LH release was similar (P > 0.05) between adult and young adult lions, and these responses were similar (P > 0.05) to those measured in Ngorongoro Crater lions. Basal and GnRH-stimulated testosterone secretion was higher (P < 0.05) in adult than in young adult lions and lowest (P < 0.05) in prepubertal lions. Age-class differences in testosterone production were related directly to the concentrations of LH receptors in the testis (P < 0.05). Basal and GnRH-stimulated testosterone secretion and gonadotrophin receptor concentrations within age classes were similar (P > 0.05) between lions of the Serengeti Plains and Ngorongoro Crater. Lower motility and higher percentages of structurally abnormal spermatozoa were observed in electroejaculates of young adult compared to adult Serengeti Plains males (P < 0.05) and were associated with decreased steroidogenic activity. In contrast, there were no age-related differences in ejaculate characteristics of Ngorongoro Crater lions. Seminal quality in the Crater population was poor in adult and young adult animals and was unrelated to alterations in pituitary or testicular function. In summary, only seminal quality in adult male lions was affected by location, whereas age significantly affected both basal and GnRH-stimulated testosterone secretion and seminal quality (Serengeti Plains only) in sexually mature males. The striking seminal/endocrine differences among pride (breeding) males of different ages raises questions about the impact of age on individual reproductive performance in this species. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. NCI,VIRAL CARCINOGENESIS LAB,FREDERICK,MD 21701. SAN DIEGO ZOOL SOC,DEPT VET SERV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92112. RP BROWN, JL (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814, USA. NR 39 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 11 PU J REPROD FERTIL INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 22 NEWMARKET RD, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND CB5 8DT SN 0022-4251 J9 J REPROD FERTIL JI J. Reprod. Fertil. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 91 IS 1 BP 29 EP 40 PG 12 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA EV278 UT WOS:A1991EV27800004 PM 1899889 ER PT J AU MONFORT, SL ARTHUR, NP WILDT, DE AF MONFORT, SL ARTHUR, NP WILDT, DE TI MONITORING OVARIAN-FUNCTION AND PREGNANCY BY EVALUATING EXCRETION OF URINARY ESTROGEN CONJUGATES IN SEMI-FREE-RANGING PRZEWALSKIS HORSES (EQUUS-PRZEWALSKII) SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY LA English DT Article DE PRZEWALSKIS HORSE; ESTROGEN; ESTROUS CYCLE; PREGNANCY; URINARY STEROIDS ID IMPLANTATION; OVULATION; MARES AB Immunoreactive urinary oestrogen conjugates were assessed in daily urine samples (approximately 5 samples/week) collected from 8 Przewalski's mares maintained under semi-free-ranging pasture conditions. The relative percentage contributions of immunoreactive urinary oestrogens during different reproductive states (oestrus, luteal phase, early, mid- and late gestation) were determined using high-pressure liquid chromatography. In general, conjugated forms of oestrone (oestrone sulphate and oestrone glucuronide) were the major excreted immunoreactive oestrogens in nonpregnant and pregnant Przewalski's mares. Variations in urinary oestrogen conjugates indicated that the onset of oestrous cyclicity coincided with increasing daylengths, and the non-conception oestrous cycle was 24.1 +/- 0.7 days (n = 17) in duration. Most copulations (29/35, 82.9%) were observed between Day -4 and Day +1 from the preovulatory oestrogen conjugates peak (Day 0). Based on known copulation dates, the mean gestation length was 48.6 +/- 0.4 weeks (range 47.3-50.3 weeks). During pregnancy, urinary excretion of oestrogen conjugates increased approximately 300-fold over levels in non-pregnant mares, reaching peak concentrations by Week +24 (51% of gestation). These results demonstrate that longitudinal reproductive events, including oestrous cyclicity and pregnancy, can be monitored precisely by evaluating urinary oestrogen conjugates in samples from Przewalski's mares maintained under semi-free-ranging conditions. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT ANIM HLTH,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. SMITHSONIAN INST,CONSERVAT & RES CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. GEORGE MASON UNIV,DEPT BIOL,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. NR 28 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 9 PU J REPROD FERTIL INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 22 NEWMARKET RD, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND CB5 8DT SN 0022-4251 J9 J REPROD FERTIL JI J. Reprod. Fertil. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 91 IS 1 BP 155 EP 164 PG 10 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA EV278 UT WOS:A1991EV27800018 PM 1847420 ER PT J AU STERN, DL DUDLEY, R AF STERN, DL DUDLEY, R TI WING BUZZING BY MALE ORCHID BEES, EULAEMA-MERIANA (HYMENOPTERA, APIDAE) SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID EUGLOSSINE BEES; PHYSIOLOGY; BEHAVIOR AB Male orchid bees of the species Eulaema meriana buzz their wings while stationary at territory perches. During buzzing, wings are first positioned laterally and then moved in a plane parallel to the ground, which probably generates a substantial airflow past the body. Within a perching episode, the ratio of buzz to pause duration decreases nonlinearly. The incidence of wing buzzing increases with ambient temperature and with duration of activity. Bees never defended territories when ambient temperatures exceeded 28.5-degrees-C. Wing buzzing may be a visual or acoustic display to conspecifics, although the brightly colored abdomen is never obscured by the wings during buzzing, and the sounds of wing buzzing are low in amplitude. The increase in buzzing frequency with increased ambient temperature and the nonlinear decrease in buzz to pause duration during perching suggest that wing buzzing may be a thermoregulatory mechanism. C1 CORNELL UNIV,GENET & DEV SECT,ITHACA,NY 14853. SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 64 IS 1 BP 88 EP 94 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA FV024 UT WOS:A1991FV02400012 ER PT J AU HALLETT, JG OCONNELL, MA SANDERS, GD SEIDENSTICKER, J AF HALLETT, JG OCONNELL, MA SANDERS, GD SEIDENSTICKER, J TI COMPARISON OF POPULATION ESTIMATORS FOR MEDIUM-SIZED MAMMALS SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; UNEQUAL CATCHABILITY; PROBABILITY; ABUNDANCE; ROBUST; MARK AB We compared direct enumeration, the closed population models of program CAPTURE, the Jackknife estimator, Chao's (1987) moment estimator, and the Jolly-Seber open population model in estimating abundance of Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana) and raccoons (Procyon lotor). For 57 months, we used mark-recapture and radio-telemetry methods to study populations in a 600-ha watershed in northern Virginia. Three hundred and sixty-one opossums and 407 raccoons were captured 2,187 times, and 156 individuals were radiocollared. We used the radio-tracking data to examine departures from the assumptions of the various estimators and to obtain an independent estimate of population size as a means for comparing the other estimators. This RADIO estimate is based on the probability of capturing animals known to be in the study area. Direct enumeration typically underestimated population size relative to the RADIO estimates. Movements by animals to outside the study area resulted in direct enumeration occasionally overestimating population size. Low probability of capture in a trapping period resulted in a pronounced negative bias of the estimates produced by the selected model of program CAPTURE. Jackknife estimates were more correlated with the RADIO estimates than those from CAPTURE, but daily capture probabilities were extremely low. Chao's moment estimates were poorly correlated with RADIO and had the highest coefficient of variation of all estimators. Jolly-Seber estimates were highly correlated with RADIO and exhibited the least deviation from RADIO for both species. Goodness-of-fit tests of the Jolly-Seber model indicated that the model's assumptions were violated in some months. The cause and direction of the bais could be ascertained for these months. The standard errors of RADIO, CAPTURE, Jackknife, Chao, and Jolly-Seber estimates were all highly correlated with estimate size. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST, NATL ZOOL PK, WASHINGTON, DC 20008 USA. RP HALLETT, JG (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT NAT RESOURCE SCI, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. NR 25 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 55 IS 1 BP 81 EP 93 DI 10.2307/3809244 PG 13 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA EV568 UT WOS:A1991EV56800010 ER PT J AU MASON, RT HOYT, RF PANNELL, LK WELLNER, EF DEMETER, B AF MASON, RT HOYT, RF PANNELL, LK WELLNER, EF DEMETER, B TI CAGE DESIGN AND CONFIGURATION FOR ARBOREAL REPTILES SO LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 NHLBI,LAB ANIM MED & SURG SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NHLBI,BIOPHYS CHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIDDKD,BIOORGAN CHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIH,BIOMED ENGN & INSTRUMENTAT BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT REPTILES,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CORDOVA PA 70 TIMBERCREEK DR, SUITE 5, CORDOVA, TN 38018 SN 0023-6764 J9 LAB ANIM SCI JI Lab. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 41 IS 1 BP 84 EP 86 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA EY638 UT WOS:A1991EY63800019 PM 1849598 ER PT J AU LUBAR, S AF LUBAR, S TI WEST-OLD-BALTIMORE-ROAD + TRACING THE ROAD INTO THE PAST LETS US UNDERSTAND FEATURES OF THE CULTURAL LANDSCAPE SO LANDSCAPE LA English DT Article RP LUBAR, S (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL MUSEUM AMER HIST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANDSCAPE PI BERKELEY PA PO BOX 7107, BERKELEY, CA 94707 SN 0023-8023 J9 LANDSCAPE JI Landscape PY 1991 VL 31 IS 1 BP 18 EP 26 PG 9 WC Architecture SC Architecture GA FU830 UT WOS:A1991FU83000003 ER PT J AU CARPENTER, RC HACKNEY, JM ADEY, WH AF CARPENTER, RC HACKNEY, JM ADEY, WH TI MEASUREMENTS OF PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY AND NITROGENASE ACTIVITY OF CORAL-REEF ALGAE IN A CHAMBER INCORPORATING OSCILLATORY FLOW SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL ADAPTATIONS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; GIANT-KELP; WAVE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; COMMUNITIES; METABOLISM; ORGANISMS; FIXATION; GROWTH AB Diffusive limitation of C and nutrient uptake can be an important factor regulating metabolic processes in aquatic plants. Relationships between the flow regime and both primary productivity and nitrogenase activity (ethylene production) of coral reef algal components were studied via a productivity chamber that simulates oscillatory flow. Net primary productivity of algal turfs was increased significantly by flow speeds (steady flow equivalent) up to 16 cm s-1. The mode of water flow also was important; primary productivity of algal turfs increased by 21% under an oscillatory flow regime as compared to vortex flow created by stirring. Acanthophora spicifera exhibited increased primary productivity at flow speeds up to 10 cm s-1, while primary productivity of another rhodophyte, Coelothrix irregularis, increased up to 4 cm s-1. Rates of nitrogenase activity exhibited by algal turfs also were affected significantly by flow speed. These data indicate that diffusive limitation is important to varying degrees in reef algal turfs and macroalgae and suggest that primary productivity and rates of nitrogenase activity depend on ambient flow speeds and boundary-layer dynamics. C1 US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. SMITHSONIAN INST,MARINE SYST LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP CARPENTER, RC (reprint author), CALIF STATE UNIV NORTHRIDGE,DEPT BIOL,NORTHRIDGE,CA 91330, USA. NR 34 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPH PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 SN 0024-3590 J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR JI Limnol. Oceanogr. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 36 IS 1 BP 40 EP 49 PG 10 WC Limnology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA FL676 UT WOS:A1991FL67600004 ER PT J AU DINERSTEIN, E AF DINERSTEIN, E TI SEED DISPERSAL BY GREATER ONE-HORNED RHINOCEROS (RHINOCEROS-UNICORNIS) AND THE FLORA OF RHINOCEROS LATRINES SO MAMMALIA LA English DT Article ID FRUITS AB Rhinoceros unicornis in Royal Chitwan National Park, Nepal ingested the fruits of at least 23 species of herbaceous and woody plants. Seeds manured into grassland latrines used by Rhinoceros yielded distinct floras of dicotyledonous plants in flood plain grassland associations. Trewia nudiflora, the most common riverine forest tree in Chitwan and Cassia tora, a weedy herb, accounted for most of the plant cover. A survey of the woody flora of Chitwan revealed that < 10 % of plants are dispersed by large mammals but large-mammal dispersed species represented the most common trees in flood plain forest and savannah associations. RP DINERSTEIN, E (reprint author), NAT ZOOL PK,CONSERVAT & RES CTR,SMITHSONIAN NEPAL TERAI ECOL PROJECT,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630, USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 9 PU MUSEUM NAT HIST NATURELLE PI PARIS PA 55 RUE DE BUFFON, 75005 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0025-1461 J9 MAMMALIA JI Mammalia PY 1991 VL 55 IS 3 BP 355 EP 362 DI 10.1515/mamm.1991.55.3.355 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA GQ317 UT WOS:A1991GQ31700003 ER PT J AU DOLAN, JR AF DOLAN, JR TI MICROPHAGOUS CILIATES IN MESOHALINE CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERS - ESTIMATES OF GROWTH-RATES AND CONSUMPTION BY COPEPODS SO MARINE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACARTIA-TONSA DANA; FEEDING-BEHAVIOR; PROTOZOAN BACTERIVORY; COASTAL WATERS; PREDATION; TINTINNID; BACTERIOPLANKTON; NANOPLANKTON; ZOOPLANKTON; CLAUSI AB Growth rates of microphagous ciliates (forms which feed primarily on picoplankton-sized prey) were estimated, along with rates of their consumption by copepods, in shipboard experiments conducted in the mesohaline portion of Chesapeake Bay, USA, under contrasting water column conditions in April, June, and August 1987. Estimates were based on temporal changes in cell densities in size-fractionated water samples incubated under in situ conditions. In April, at low temperatures (7 to 10-degrees-C) and with oxygen present throughout the water column, similar generation times of ca. 1 to 1.5 d were estimated for surface and deep water (24 m) ciliate populations. In June, water was anoxic below 12 m and a distinct anoxic microphage community grew at about twice the rate of the surface community with generation times of ca. 7 and 14 h, respectively. In August, bottom water was again anoxic, but the same Strobilidium sp. dominated both surface and deep waters with low or no growth apparent in anoxic waters and a generation time of ca. 8 h in surface waters. Copepod (primarily Acartia tonsa Dana nauplii) clearance rates for microphagous ciliates in surface waters were 0.11, 0.56, and 0.53 ml h-1 copepod-1 for April, June and August, respectively. Calculation of removal rates, based on average densities, indicated that from 34 to 200% of surface waters were cleared d-1 of microphagous ciliates by copepods. RP DOLAN, JR (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,POB 28,EDGEWATER,MD 21037, USA. RI Dolan, John/A-4513-2009 OI Dolan, John/0000-0002-9454-1355 NR 39 TC 61 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0025-3162 J9 MAR BIOL JI Mar. Biol. PY 1991 VL 111 IS 2 BP 303 EP 309 DI 10.1007/BF01319713 PG 7 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA GT128 UT WOS:A1991GT12800015 ER PT J AU BYRNE, M AF BYRNE, M TI REPRODUCTION, DEVELOPMENT AND POPULATION BIOLOGY OF THE CARIBBEAN OPHIUROID OPHIONEREIS-OLIVACEA, A PROTANDRIC HERMAPHRODITE THAT BROODS ITS YOUNG SO MARINE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MARINE-INVERTEBRATES; ADULT SIZE; EVOLUTION; ECHINODERMATA; PATTERNS; MOLLUSCA; SKELETON; BIVALVIA; EMBRYOS AB Reproduction and development of the ophiuroid Ophionereis olivacea H. L. Clark, a species that broods its young, were investigated in Florida from January through December 1985 and in Belize in June 1985 and April 1986. O. olivacea has a maximum disc diameter of 5.2 mm and is a protandric hermaphrodite. Sex reversal occurs at disc diameters ranging between 2.2 and 4.0 mm; it has 400-mu-m diameter oocytes and is ovoviviparous. As expected from an obligate out-crosser, this ophiuroid has a similar allocation to male and female reproduction, in terms of gonad volume. Reproduction of the Florida population was monitored for one year. O. olivacea is a sequential brooder and incubates its young during the coldest months of the year. The females produce a single clutch of juveniles each year. Spawning starts in November and peaks in January and February. The ova are spawned synchronously from all the ovaries of each female into the bursae and are retained there. Fertilization is accomplished by intake of sperm into the female bursae. O. olivacea develops through a ciliated embryonic stage that appears to be a modified vitellaria larva lacking ciliary bands. These modified larvae swim in seawater in the bursae. Direct development in this species has resulted from heterochrony in the loss of ophiopluteus features. The number of brooding females in the population increases in November and reaches a maximum in March. Juvenile O. olivacea emerge from the bursae at a disc diameter of 480-mu-m and each arm has three segments. Recruitment was first detected in April, and juveniles were particularly abundant in June. Small size in O. olivacea is associated with paedomorphic heterochrony with precocious maturation of the males at a disc diameter of 1.5 mm, approximately 2 mo after taking up their free existence. Brooding as a life history mode in O. olivacea is examined and the adaptations of this species to its warm-water habitats are discussed. C1 HARBOR BRANCH OCEANOG INST INC, FT PIERCE, FL 34946 USA. SMITHSONIAN MARINE STN, FT PIERCE, FL 34946 USA. RP BYRNE, M (reprint author), UNIV SYDNEY, DEPT HISTOL & EMBRYOL, F-13, SYDNEY, NSW 2006, AUSTRALIA. RI Byrne, Maria/K-6355-2016 OI Byrne, Maria/0000-0002-8902-9808 NR 41 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0025-3162 J9 MAR BIOL JI Mar. Biol. PY 1991 VL 111 IS 3 BP 387 EP 399 DI 10.1007/BF01319411 PG 13 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA GV587 UT WOS:A1991GV58700009 ER PT J AU ROBERTSON, DR AF ROBERTSON, DR TI INCREASES IN SURGEONFISH POPULATIONS AFTER MASS MORTALITY OF THE SEA-URCHIN DIADEMA-ANTILLARUM IN PANAMA INDICATE FOOD LIMITATION SO MARINE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORAL-REEF FISH; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; GRAZING INTENSITY; RESPONSES; ECHINODERMATA; DAMSELFISH; ECHINOIDEA; SETTLEMENT; PHILIPPI; HABITAT AB In 1983/1984, Diadema antillarum suffered mass mortalities throughout its West Atlantic range. Its populations were reduced by 95% and subsequently have failed to recover. These die-offs led to sustained increases in the abundance of soft algae, including types eaten by herbivorous reef fishes. I monitored adult populations of three herbivorous surgeonfishes (Acanthurus coeruleus, A. chirurugus and A. bahianus) between 1978 and 1990, and the recruitment of their pelagic juveniles between 1979 and 1989, on six patch reefs in Panama. Adult populations of A. coeruleus and A. chirurgus, which largely restrict their feeding to reef substrata, increased by averages of 250 and 160%, respectively, after the die-off of D. antillarum in 1983. No increases occurred in the adult populations of A. bahianus, which often feeds in off-reef habitats unaffected by D. antillarum. Average annual levels of juvenile recruitment of all three surgeonfishes did not differ before and after the die-off. These results support the hypothesis that adult populations of two herbivorous fishes that are strongly reliant on reef algae for food previously were limited by competition with D. antillarum. RP SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST, BALBOA, PANAMA. NR 45 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0025-3162 EI 1432-1793 J9 MAR BIOL JI Mar. Biol. PY 1991 VL 111 IS 3 BP 437 EP 444 DI 10.1007/BF01319416 PG 8 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA GV587 UT WOS:A1991GV58700014 ER PT J AU GLYNN, PW GASSMAN, NJ EAKIN, CM CORTES, J SMITH, DB GUZMAN, HM AF GLYNN, PW GASSMAN, NJ EAKIN, CM CORTES, J SMITH, DB GUZMAN, HM TI REEF CORAL REPRODUCTION IN THE EASTERN PACIFIC - COSTA-RICA, PANAMA, AND GALAPAGOS-ISLANDS (ECUADOR) .1. POCILLOPORIDAE SO MARINE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GREAT BARRIER-REEF; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; DAMICORNIS; GAMETOGENESIS; MORTALITY; GULF; PLANULATION; DISPERSAL; ENEWETAK; PATTERNS AB Reproductive ecology of two major reef-building corals in the eastern Pacific [Pocillopora damicornis (Linnaeus) and Pocillopora elegans Dana] was investigated between 1984 and 1990 in Costa Rica, Panama (Gulf of Chiriqui and Gulf of Panama), and the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) following the 1982-83 El Nino disturbance. Mature spermatocytes and oocytes were found in both species and were usually present in the same polyp in nearly equal ratios. Numerous zooxanthellae were observed in mature, unfertilized oocytes. Although spawning in field populations was not observed, it is likely that both pocilloporids are simultaneous hermaphroditic spawners, as evidenced by the disappearance of mature gametes after full moon. This is in contrast with most known pocilloporid corals that brood and release planula larvae. Corals were reproductively most active in the thermally stable environments of Costa Rica and the Gulf of Chiriqui (Panama) where 32 to 90% of all colonies contained gametes. In the moderately varying thermal conditions in the Galapagos Islands, 16 to 40% of colonies contained gametes, and in the pronounced seasonal upwelling environment of the Pearl Islands (Panama) only 6 to 18% of colonies contained gametes. Year-round reproduction occurred in Costa Rica and the Gulf of Chiriqui, whereas reproduction was confined to warm periods in the seasonally varying environments of the Galapagos Islands and the Gulf of Panama. Pocilloporid corals in Costa Rica and the Gulf of Chiriqui demonstrated lunar spawning activity, with mature gametes present a few days before and after full moon. Some limited spawning may have occurred also at new moon. While frequent gamete maturation has been demonstrated in this study, the relatively low rates of larval recruitment occurring on eastern Pacific coral reefs disturbed by the 1982-83 El Nino suggest that the recovery of important frame-building corals could be greatly prolonged. C1 UNIV COSTA RICA,CTR INVEST CIENCIAS MAR & LIMNOL,SAN PEDRO,COSTA RICA. SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,APO,MIAMI,FL 34002. RP GLYNN, PW (reprint author), UNIV MIAMI,ROSENSTIEL SCH MARINE & ATMOSPHER SCI,DIV MARINE BIOL & FISHERIES,MIAMI,FL 33149, USA. RI Eakin, C. Mark/F-5585-2010 NR 69 TC 121 Z9 126 U1 5 U2 19 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0025-3162 J9 MAR BIOL JI Mar. Biol. PY 1991 VL 109 IS 3 BP 355 EP 368 DI 10.1007/BF01313501 PG 14 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA FY651 UT WOS:A1991FY65100001 ER PT J AU REYES, JC MEAD, JG VANWAEREBEEK, K AF REYES, JC MEAD, JG VANWAEREBEEK, K TI A NEW SPECIES OF BEAKED-WHALE MESOPLODON-PERUVIANUS SP-N (CETACEA, ZIPHIIDAE) FROM PERU SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ZIPHIIDAE; MESOPLODON-PERUVIANUS; SYSTEMATICS; OSTEOLOGY; DISTRIBUTION; NATURAL HISTORY; EXTERNAL APPEARANCE; GROWTH; FOOD HABITS; REPRODUCTION ID EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC AB Mesoplodon peruvianus, a new species of beaked whale, is described on the basis of ten specimens which have either stranded or been captured between 11-degrees 12'S and 15-degrees 19'S latitude along the coasts of the provinces of Lima and Ica, south central Peru. This is the thirteenth living species of Mesoplodon recognized in the world's oceans. The animals that were examined were uniformly gray above, shading to lighter gray below. This whale is the smallest species of Mesoplodon (maximum body length 3.72 m) and is characterized by its teeth, which are small (31 to 65 mm long), ovate in cross section, and positioned 2.5% to 8.4% of the mandibular length from the anterior extremity, and posterior to the mandibular symphysis. C1 INST ROYAL SCI NAT BELGIQUE,B-1040 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. US NATL MUSEUM NAT HIST,SMITHSONIAN INST,DIV MAMMALS,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP REYES, JC (reprint author), ASOCIAC ECOL & CONSERVAC,CETACEOS GRP,CTR PERUANO ESTUDIOS CETOL,VANDERGEHEN 560-2A,LIMA 27,PERU. NR 27 TC 48 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOC MARINE MAMMALOGY PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0824-0469 J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI JI Mar. Mamm. Sci. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 7 IS 1 BP 1 EP 24 DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.1991.tb00546.x PG 24 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA EX930 UT WOS:A1991EX93000001 ER PT J AU DURDEN, LA PAGE, BF AF DURDEN, LA PAGE, BF TI ECTOPARASITES OF COMMENSAL RODENTS IN SULAWESI UTARA, INDONESIA, WITH NOTES ON SPECIES OF MEDICAL IMPORTANCE SO MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RATS; MICE; MURIDAE; LICE; TICKS; MITES; FLEAS; SCABIES; VECTORS; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; ECTOPARASITES; SULAWESI; INDONESIA AB Ectoparasite records are presented for four species of commensal murid rodents (Rattus rattus palelae Miller & Hollister, R.argentiventer (Robinson & Kloss), R.exulans (Peale) and Mus musculus castaneus Waterhouse) in Sulawesi Utara, with particular reference to the potential for these arthropods to bite and transmit pathogens to humans. The flea, Xenopsylla cheopis (Rothschild), was most common on R.r.palelae and is capable of transmitting plague and other pathogens to humans although no current foci for these diseases are known in Sulawesi. Hoplopleura pacifica Ewing and Polyplax spinulosa (Burmeister) sucking lice parasitized all three Rattus species although H.pacifica was mainly associated with R.exulans and P.spinulosa with R.r.palelae. These lice do not bite humans but may be intramurid vectors of murine typhus and other zoonoses. The mites Laelaps echidnina Berlese and L.nuttalli Hirst were both collected; the latter was recorded from all four murid species, mainly R.exulans. The mite Ornithonyssus bacoti Hirst was rare. Only one chigger mite, Walchiella oudemansi (Walch), was retrieved from murids (from R.exulans) and a single Leptotrombidium deliense (Walch) chigger was taken from a human subject. Although L.deliense is a significant vector of scrub typhus, a disease known from Sulawesi, the L.deliense-R.argentiventer relationship frequently noted in the ecology of this rickettsial disease, was not evident in this survey. Other ectoparasites collected from murids were the ticks, Ixodes granulatus Supino (first record for Sulawesi), Haemaphysalis sp. and Dermacentor sp., the mites Myocoptes musculinus (Koch) and Listrophoroids cucullatus (Trouessart), acarids and a uropodid. Additional ectoparasites noted on humans were the tick Amblyoma babirussae (Schulze), the scabies mite Sarcoptes scabiei L. and the head louse Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer. RP DURDEN, LA (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,CTR MUSEUM SUPPORT,DEPT ENTOMOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0269-283X J9 MED VET ENTOMOL JI Med. Vet. Entomol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 5 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1991.tb00513.x PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA EZ658 UT WOS:A1991EZ65800001 PM 1768888 ER PT J AU BENSON, RH BIED, KRE AF BENSON, RH BIED, KRE TI THE MESSINIAN PARASTRATOTYPE AT CUEVAS-DEL-ALMANZORA, VERA BASIN, SE SPAIN - REFUTATION OF THE DEEP-BASIN, SHALLOW-WATER HYPOTHESIS SO MICROPALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MIOCENE; BIOSTRATIGRAPHY; BOUNDARY; ATLANTIC; MARINE AB The section near Cuevas del Almanzora in the Vera Basin, southeastern Spain, was proposed by Montenat et al. (1976) to be a parastratotype for the Messinian Stage. They believed that this section represented a much sought after continuous marine record of the terminal Miocene in the Mediterranean, which joined the Tortonian with the Pliocene and such provided evidence to refute the general desiccation hypothesis of for the Messinian Salinity Crisis. The discovery of a marine section representing this interval on the Atlantic side of Morocco near Rabat, the Bou Regreg section, has revealed that an important biostratigraphic marker, thought to be Pliocene at Cuevas, first appears here in the latest Miocene. Even though parastratotypes are informal reference standards, the Cuevas section can only be considered as a tentative reference section when its base is better defined. The marker of the lower boundary of the Messinian, the Mediterranean FOD of Globorotalia conomiozea (6.4 Ma), now must be inferred by the presence of this species with Gl. mediterranea. The Cuevas section represents only about two thirds of the rest of the Messinian and is not a continuous marine record on into the Pliocene. The presence of the so-called "Pliocene," marked by the Globorotalia margaritae Zone, contains an early evolutionary stage of development of Gl. margaritae, now known from studies in Morocco to have existed from the middle of subchron 5N1 at about 5.6 Ma to 5.3 Ma. The section ends in a positive polarity interval which we interpret to be Subchron 5N1. This combined evidence indicated that the record in the section ended more than 0.4 m. y. before the beginning of the Pliocene. Correlations are made with the Andalusian stratotype at Carmona and with Site 654 in the Tyrhennian Sea. The Cuevas section cannot be considered proof of a continuous Atlantic connection through the desiccation phase of the Messinian Salinity Crisis. The presence of a zone of autochthonous caspi-brackish ostracodes and charophytes, although of no particular stratigraphic importance, cannot be part of continuous marine section. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,RABAT,MOROCCO. RP BENSON, RH (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NHB,E-204,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 79 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU MICROPALEONTOLOGY PRESS PI NEW YORK PA AMER MUSEUM NAT HISTORY 79TH ST AT CENTRAL PARK WEST, NEW YORK, NY 10024 SN 0026-2803 J9 MICROPALEONTOLOGY JI Micropaleontology PY 1991 VL 37 IS 3 BP 289 EP 302 DI 10.2307/1485891 PG 14 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA GH650 UT WOS:A1991GH65000004 ER PT J AU RAYCHAUDHURY, S FABIAN, AC EDGE, AC JONES, C FORMAN, W AF RAYCHAUDHURY, S FABIAN, AC EDGE, AC JONES, C FORMAN, W TI X-RAY AND OPTICAL OBSERVATIONS OF THE SHAPLEY SUPERCLUSTER IN HYDRA-CENTAURUS SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RICH CLUSTERS; RADIAL-VELOCITIES; GALAXIES; SPECTROSCOPY; CATALOG; ORIGIN; MASS AB X-ray and optical observations of the 'Shapley Supercluster', at redshifts between 0.037 and 0.053 in the region of Hydra and Centaurus, are presented. The X-ray data show that many of the clusters are multiple and confirm the exceptionally high density of rich clusters. Six of the 46 X-ray brightest clusters at high galactic latitude belong to this supercluster. The Local Supercluster is less luminous in X-rays than the least-luminous cluster found here, and only the Centaurus cluster in the Hydra-Centaurus Supercluster (the Great Attractor) is (just) more luminous than the weakest cluster detected in the Shapley Supercluster. The optical and X-ray luminosity functions suggest that there are large deviations from the Hubble flow in the region and that clusters are merging at a high rate. The minimum mass of the supercluster, obtained by summing the masses of the separate clusters estimated from their X-ray luminosity, exceeds 1.4 x 10(16) h50-1 M.. This is consistent with the mass estimated from optical-dipole measurements. The ratio of mass density in observed clusters to the mean density of the Universe exceeds 0.8 OMEGA-0-1 over the core region of radius 37 h50-1 Mpc. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP RAYCHAUDHURY, S (reprint author), UNIV CAMBRIDGE,INST ASTRON,MADINGLEY RD,CAMBRIDGE CB3 0HA,ENGLAND. NR 33 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 248 IS 1 BP 101 EP 111 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EP351 UT WOS:A1991EP35100014 ER PT J AU LOVEJOY, TE AF LOVEJOY, TE TI SHATTERED MYTHS OF TROPICAL FORESTS - INTRODUCTION SO NATURE & RESOURCES LA English DT Editorial Material RP LOVEJOY, TE (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,EXTERNAL AFFAIRS,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PARTHENON PUBLISHING GROUP PI CARNFORTH LANCASHIRE PA CASTERTON HALL, CARNFORTH LANCASHIRE, ENGLAND LA6 2LA SN 0028-0844 J9 NATURE RESOUR JI Nat. Resour. PY 1991 VL 27 IS 2 BP 2 EP 2 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA FZ838 UT WOS:A1991FZ83800001 ER PT J AU LEAVENS, PB WHITE, JS ROBINSON, GW NELEN, JA AF LEAVENS, PB WHITE, JS ROBINSON, GW NELEN, JA TI MANGANGORDONITE, A NEW PHOSPHATE MINERAL FROM KINGS MOUNTAIN, NORTH-CAROLINA AND NEWRY, MAINE, USA SO NEUES JAHRBUCH FUR MINERALOGIE-MONATSHEFTE LA English DT Article DE NEW MINERAL; MANGANGORDONITE; PHOSPHATES; NORTH-CAROLINA; MAINE AB Mangangordonite is a new phosphate mineral from the Foote Mineral company spodumene mine, Kings Mountain, North Carolina, and the Dunton Gem mine, Newry, Maine, USA. Electron microprobe analyses of Kings Mountain material gave MgO 0.35, MnO 10.79, FeO 3.37 (total Fe), Al2O3 22.03, P2O5 29.46, normalized to 66%, H2O; by stoichiometry 34.14. Based on structure analysis and analogy with gordonite, the ideal formula is MnAl2(PO4)2(OH)2(H2O)6.2H2O. The mineral forms mm-size euhedral crystals within vugs in spodumene-microcline-quartz pegmatite (Kings Mountain) or in pegmatite composed of pale blue tourmaline, siderite, quartz, and muscovite (Newry). Mangangordonite from Kings Mountain is transparent, colorless to faintly yellow, with a vitreous lustre. It is nonfluorescent. The streak is white, hardness is about 3, S.G. 2.36(3), calc. 2.319. Mangangordonite is brittle, with perfect {010} cleavage. Optically, it is biaxial +, alpha 1.556(1), beta 1.561(2), gamma 1.571(2), 2V 70-degrees, calc. 71-degrees, r < v distinct, Z near c, (010):OAP approximately -45-degrees. It is triclinic P1BAR, a 5.257(3), b 10.363(4), c 7.040(3) angstrom, alpha 105.44(3)-degrees, beta 113.07(3)-degrees, gamma 78.69(4)-degrees, V 340.7(3) angstrom 3, Z = 1. The strongest X-ray diffraction lines are (d, I, h k l) 9.96, 6, (010); 6.39, 8, (001); 4.77, 10, (111); 3.18, 7, (002); 2.86, 5, (112); 2.59, 4, (032). Crystals are nearly equant to tabular on {010}, slightly elongated along [001]. Forms present are {010}, {100}, {001}, {11BAR0}, {01BAR1}. Twinning was not observed. C1 NATL MUSEUM NAT SC,DIV MINERAL SCI,OTTAWA K1P 6P4,ONTARIO,CANADA. SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT MINERAL SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP LEAVENS, PB (reprint author), UNIV DELAWARE,DEPT GEOL,NEWARK,DE 19716, USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU E SCHWEIZERBART'SCHE VERLAGS PI STUTTGART PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0028-3649 J9 NEUES JB MINER MONAT JI Neues Jahrb. Mineral.-Mon.hefte PY 1991 IS 4 BP 169 EP 176 PG 8 WC Mineralogy SC Mineralogy GA FN469 UT WOS:A1991FN46900003 ER PT J AU MELDER, K AF MELDER, K TI THE RESHAPING OF EVERYDAY LIFE, 1790-1840 - LARKIN,J SO NEW YORK HISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP MELDER, K (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK STATE HIST ASSN PI COOPERSTOWN PA PO BOX 800, COOPERSTOWN, NY 13326-0800 SN 0146-437X J9 NEW YORK HIST JI N. Y. Hist. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 72 IS 1 BP 89 EP 91 PG 3 WC History SC History GA FF735 UT WOS:A1991FF73500004 ER PT J AU JUDZIEWICZ, EJ AF JUDZIEWICZ, EJ TI A NEW PHARUS (POACEAE) ENDEMIC TO ECUADOR SO NORDIC JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article AB The new species Pharus ecuadoricus, endemic to the Pacific lowlands of Ecuador, is described, illustrated, and compared with its closest relative, P. parvifolius. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,NHB 166,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NORDIC JOURNAL OF BOTANY PI COPENHAGEN K PA THE SECRETARY BOTANICAL MUSEUM GOTHERSGADE 130, DK-1123 COPENHAGEN K, DENMARK SN 0107-055X J9 NORD J BOT JI Nord. J. Bot. PY 1991 VL 11 IS 1 BP 89 EP 91 DI 10.1111/j.1756-1051.1991.tb01800.x PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA FL045 UT WOS:A1991FL04500009 ER PT J AU MULKEY, SS SMITH, AP WRIGHT, SJ AF MULKEY, SS SMITH, AP WRIGHT, SJ TI COMPARATIVE LIFE-HISTORY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF 2 UNDERSTORY NEOTROPICAL HERBS SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE DROUGHT; LIFE HISTORY; MARANTACEAE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; TREEFALL GAPS ID GAS-EXCHANGE CHARACTERISTICS; NITROGEN-USE EFFICIENCY; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; TROPICAL FOREST; PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY; EUCALYPTUS-PAUCIFLORA; CARBON-DIOXIDE; LEAF NITROGEN; VULGARIS L; LIGHT AB Demography and physiology of two broad-leaved understory tropical herbs (Marantaceae) were studied in gaps and shaded understory in large-scale irrigated and control treatments during the dry season at Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama. Because photosynthetic acclimation potential may not predict light environments where tropical species are found, we studied a suite of physiological features to determine if they uniquely reflect the distribution of each species. Calathea inocephala and Pleiostachya pruinosa grow and reproduce in gaps, persist in shade, and have equivalent rates of leaf production. Calathea leaves survived 2 to 3 times as long as leaves of Pleiostachya and plants of Pleiostachya were 6 to 8 times more likely to die as plants of Calathea during 3.5 years of study. Pleiostachya had lowest survival in shade and when not irrigated during the dry season, while Calathea survived well in both habitats and both treatments. Pleiostachya had higher photosynthetic capacity and stomatal conductance than Calathea and acclimated to gaps by producing leaves with higher photosynthetic capacity. Calathea had lower mesophyll CO2 concentrations than Pleiostachya. Both species had similar dark respiration rates and light compensation points, and water-use and nitrogen-use efficiencies were inversely related between species. Species showed no differences in leaf osmotic potentials at full turgor. Calathea roots were deeper and had tuberous swellings. Leaf-level assimilation and potential water loss are consistent with where these species are found, but photosynthetic acclimation to high light does not reflect both species' abilities to grow and reproduce in gaps. Pleiostachya's gap-dependent, rapid growth and reproduction require high rates of carbon gain in short-lived leaves, which can amortize their cost quickly. High rates of water loss are associated with reduced longevity during drought. Calathea's roots may confer greater capacitance, while its leaves are durable, long-lived and have lower water loss, permitting persistence long after gap closure. C1 SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,MIAMI,FL 34002. RP MULKEY, SS (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT BIOL,ST LOUIS,MO 63121, USA. RI Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013 OI Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676 NR 57 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PY 1991 VL 88 IS 2 BP 263 EP 273 DI 10.1007/BF00320821 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA GM331 UT WOS:A1991GM33100018 PM 28312142 ER PT J AU DENLINGER, DL TANAKA, S DOWNES, WL WOLDA, H GUARDIA, M AF DENLINGER, DL TANAKA, S DOWNES, WL WOLDA, H GUARDIA, M TI DOES LACK OF DIAPAUSE RESULT IN LESS INSECT SEASONALITY SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Note DE DIAPAUSE; SEASONALITY; TROPICS; SARCOPHAGIDAE ID TROPICAL FLESH FLIES; PUPAL DIAPAUSE; ENDOCRINE REGULATION; GENETIC SELECTION; METABOLIC-RATE; SARCOPHAGIDAE; DIPTERA AB Unlike their temperate zone and tropical African relatives, flesh flies from the Neotropics lack the capacity for diapause. Yet, our trapping data reveal marked seasonality in flies from Panama demonstrating that diapause is not essential for generating their seasonal patterns of abundance. C1 SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT ENTOMOL,E LANSING,MI 48824. RP DENLINGER, DL (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT ENTOMOL,1735 NEIL AVE,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PY 1991 VL 87 IS 1 BP 152 EP 154 DI 10.1007/BF00323793 PG 3 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FR962 UT WOS:A1991FR96200021 PM 28313365 ER PT J AU FORGET, PM MILLERON, T AF FORGET, PM MILLERON, T TI EVIDENCE FOR SECONDARY SEED DISPERSAL BY RODENTS IN PANAMA SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Note DE TROPICAL ECOLOGY; PANAMA; SEED DISPERSAL; RODENTS; VIROLA-NOBILIS ID VIROLA-SURINAMENSIS; GUSTAVIA-SUPERBA; SURVIVAL; PREDATION; ECOLOGY; FOREST; BIRDS AB The data presented show that Virola nobilis (Myristicaceae), a bird/mammal-dispersed tree species in Panama, may also be dispersed by a terrestrial rodent, the agouti (Dasyprocta punctata). Using a thread-marking method, we observed that agoutis scatterhoarded V. nobilis seeds that they found both singly or in clumps. Seed removal and seed burial rates were strongly affected by features of forest habitats, such as V. nobilis tree richness (rich vs poor) and/or forest age (old vs young), but not by seed dispersal treatment (scattered vs clumped). Predation (mostly post-dispersal) of unburied seeds by weevils was independent of habitat and dispersal treatment. Seeds artifically buried in a Virola-rich area were more likely to escape predation and become established than unburied seeds under natural conditions. The food reward for agoutis is in the germinating seedlings. The seed dispersal syndrome of V. nobilis involves long- and short-distance dispersers which both appear important for tree recruitment. C1 SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. RI Forget, Pierre-Michel/B-4355-2009 OI Forget, Pierre-Michel/0000-0002-9252-974X NR 36 TC 131 Z9 154 U1 1 U2 20 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PY 1991 VL 87 IS 4 BP 596 EP 599 DI 10.1007/BF00320426 PG 4 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA GE597 UT WOS:A1991GE59700020 PM 28313705 ER PT J AU WOLDA, H AF WOLDA, H TI THE USEFULNESS OF THE EQUILIBRIUM CONCEPT IN POPULATION-DYNAMICS - A REPLY SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Note ID DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; REGRESSION RP WOLDA, H (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,APO,MIAMI,FL 34002, USA. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PY 1991 VL 86 IS 1 BP 144 EP 145 DI 10.1007/BF00317402 PG 2 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FD564 UT WOS:A1991FD56400022 PM 28313171 ER PT J AU FISHER, BL HOWE, HF WRIGHT, SJ AF FISHER, BL HOWE, HF WRIGHT, SJ TI SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF VIROLA-SURINAMENSIS YEARLINGS - WATER AUGMENTATION IN GAP AND UNDERSTORY SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE TROPICAL ECOLOGY; PANAMA; GAP DYNAMICS; SEASONAL DROUGHT; VIROLA-SURINAMENSIS ID TROPICAL FOREST AB Factors affecting seedling Virola surinamensis (Myristicaceae) survival and growth were investigated on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Seedlings planted 3 months after germination were monitored in treefall gaps and understory using 2.25 ha irrigated and control plots through the first dry season. During the dry season, irrigated plants in gaps increased total leaf area significantly more than did irrigated plants in the shaded understory. Over the same dry season, control plants in gaps and in the shaded understory lost similar amounts of leaf area. Seedlings in understory were suppressed in stem height and biomass in both irrigated and control plots; these measures were greater in gaps and greatest in irrigated gaps (height). Roots were similar in length in all treatments, but greater in biomass in gaps than understory due to greater proliferation of secondary roots in control and irrigated gaps than in control and irrigated understory. This experiment demonstrates both water and light limitation during the first dry season after germination. V. surinamensis seedlings are capable of survival and modest growth of leaf area in the deep shade of the understory in moist locations; they are severely disadvantaged in shaded understory subject to drought, where most seeds fall and most seedlings establish. The broken canopy of a gap allows shoot and consequently root growth that permits seedlings to survive seasonal drought. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT BIOL SCI M-C 066,BOX 4348,CHICAGO,IL 60680. UNIV UTAH,DEPT BIOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. RI Howe, Henry F/B-8749-2014; Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013; OI Howe, Henry F/0000-0001-5081-2128; Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676; Fisher, Brian/0000-0002-4653-3270 NR 25 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PY 1991 VL 86 IS 2 BP 292 EP 297 DI 10.1007/BF00317543 PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FG408 UT WOS:A1991FG40800019 PM 28313213 ER PT J AU ZISKA, LH HOGAN, KP SMITH, AP DRAKE, BG AF ZISKA, LH HOGAN, KP SMITH, AP DRAKE, BG TI GROWTH AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSE OF 9 TROPICAL SPECIES WITH LONG-TERM EXPOSURE TO ELEVATED CARBON-DIOXIDE SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE A/CI; C3; CAM; PI REGENERATION; RUBP CARBOXYLASE ID CO2; PLANTS; C-3; PHYSIOLOGY; LEAVES AB Seedlings of nine tropical species varying in growth and carbon metabolism were exposed to twice the current atmospheric level of CO2 for a 3 month period on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. A doubling of the CO2 concentration resulted in increases in photosynthesis and greater water use efficiency (WUE) for all species possessing C3 metabolism, when compared to the ambient condition. No desensitization of photosynthesis to increased CO2 was observed during the 3 month period. Significant increases in total plant dry weight were also noted for 4 out of the 5 C3 species tested and in one CAM species, Aechmea magdalenae at high CO2. In contrast, no significant increases in either photosynthesis or total plant dry weight were noted for the C4 grass, Paspallum conjugatum. Increases in the apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) for all C3 species suggest that elevated CO2 may increase photosynthetic rate relative to ambient CO2 over a wide range of light conditions. The response of CO2 assimilation to internal C(i) suggested a reduction in either the RuBP and/or Pi regeneration limitation with long term exposure to elevated CO2. This experiment suggests that: (1) a global rise in CO2 may have significant effects on photosynthesis and productivity in a wide variety of tropical species, and (2) increases in productivity and photosynthesis may be related to physiological adaptation(s) to increased CO2. C1 SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,EDGEWATER,MD 21037. SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. NR 26 TC 140 Z9 150 U1 2 U2 32 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PY 1991 VL 86 IS 3 BP 383 EP 389 DI 10.1007/BF00317605 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FK488 UT WOS:A1991FK48800012 PM 28312925 ER PT J AU GUTH, AH AF GUTH, AH TI CAN A MAN-MADE UNIVERSE BE CREATED BY QUANTUM TUNNELING WITHOUT AN INITIAL SINGULARITY SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NOBEL SYMP 79 : THE BIRTH AND EARLY EVOLUTION OF OUR UNIVERSE CY JUN 11-16, 1990 CL GRAFTAVALLEN, SWEDEN SP NOBEL FDN ID 1ST-ORDER PHASE-TRANSITION; FALSE-VACUUM BUBBLES; INFLATIONARY UNIVERSE; EVOLUTION; WORMHOLES; DYNAMICS; HOLES; WALL AB Essentially all modern particle theories suggest the possible existence of a false vacuum state - a metastable state with an energy density that cannot be lowered except by means of a very slow phase transition. Inflationary cosmology makes use of such a state to drive the expansion of the big bang, allowing the entire observed universe to evolve from a very small initial mass. A sphere of false vacuum in our present universe, if larger than a certain critical mass, could inflate to form a new universe which would rapidly detach from its parent. A false vacuum bubble of this size, however, cannot be produced classically unless an initial singularity is present from the outset. We therefore explore the possibility that a bubble of subcritical size, which classically would evolve to a maximum size and collapse, might instead tunnel through a barrier to produce a new universe. We estimate the tunneling rate using semiclassical quantum gravity, and discover some interesting ambiguities in the formalism. C1 MIT,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP GUTH, AH (reprint author), MIT,CTR THEORET PHYS,NUCL SCI LAB,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1991 VL T36 BP 237 EP 246 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1991/T36/025 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA FM458 UT WOS:A1991FM45800026 ER PT J AU ZYGELMAN, B AF ZYGELMAN, B TI RADIATIVE DEEXCITATION OF SINGLET METASTABLE HELIUM BY COLLISIONS WITH HELIUM-ATOMS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Note ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY CURVES; C1-SIGMA-G+ STATES; HE-2; SPECTROSCOPY; A1-SIGMA-U+; SCATTERING AB Cross sections and rate coefficients are reported for the process He*(2(1)S) + He --> He + He + hv, for collision energies corresponding to gas temperatures in the range from 100 to 32,000 K. C1 UNIV NEVADA,DEPT PHYS,LAS VEGAS,NV 89154. RP ZYGELMAN, B (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 43 IS 1 BP 575 EP 577 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.43.575 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA ER519 UT WOS:A1991ER51900071 ER PT J AU ZDERO, C BOHLMANN, F KING, RM AF ZDERO, C BOHLMANN, F KING, RM TI A CYCLOPROPANOHELIANGOLIDE AND GUAIANOLIDES FROM CRONQUISTIA-PRINGLEI SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE CRONQUISTIA-PRINGLEI; COMPOSITAE; SESQUITERPENE LACTONES; GUAIANOLIDES; GERMACRANOLIDES; CYCLOPROPANOHELIANGOLIDE ID SESQUITERPENE LACTONES AB The aerial parts of Cronquistia pringlei afforded, in addition to some known germacranolides and guaianolides, four new guainolides a lactone with a new carbon skeleton, i.e. a heliangolide with a cyclopropane ring. The structures were elucidated by high field NMR techniques. The chemotaxonomy is discussed briefly. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP ZDERO, C (reprint author), TECH UNIV BERLIN,INST ORGAN CHEM,W-1000 BERLIN 12,GERMANY. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PY 1991 VL 30 IS 3 BP 909 EP 912 DI 10.1016/0031-9422(91)85277-7 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA EZ692 UT WOS:A1991EZ69200037 ER PT J AU ZDERO, C BOHLMANN, F KING, RM ROBINSON, H AF ZDERO, C BOHLMANN, F KING, RM ROBINSON, H TI SESQUITERPENE LACTONES AND OTHER CONSTITUENTS FROM SIEGESBECKIA-ORIENTALIS AND GUIZOTIA-SCABRA SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE SIEGESBECKIA-ORIENTALIS; GUIZOTIA-SCABRA; COMPOSITAE; SESQUITERPENE LACTONES; GERMACRANOLIDES; MELAMPOLIDES; EUDESMANOLIDE; DITERPENES; GERANYLNEROL DERIVATIVES; ENT-PIMARENES ID OCCURRING TERPENE DERIVATIVES; SUBTRIBE MELAMPODIINAE; CIS-GERMACRANOLIDES; MELAMPOLIDES; EUDESMANOLIDES; GUAIANOLIDES AB From the aerial parts of Siegesbeckia orientalis, in addition to a known sesquiterpene lactone, nine new germacranolides, three melampolides, three geranylnerol derivatives and three ent-pimarenes were isolated. From Guizotia scabra a new eudesmanolide was obtained. The structures were elucidated by high field NMR techniques. The chemotaxonomic aspects are discussed briefly. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP ZDERO, C (reprint author), TECH UNIV BERLIN,INST ORGAN CHEM,W-1000 BERLIN 12,GERMANY. NR 24 TC 22 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PY 1991 VL 30 IS 5 BP 1579 EP 1584 DI 10.1016/0031-9422(91)84212-B PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA FJ568 UT WOS:A1991FJ56800043 ER PT J AU ZDERO, C BOHLMANN, F KING, RM AF ZDERO, C BOHLMANN, F KING, RM TI GUAIANOLIDES AND LABDANES FROM BRICKELLIA SPECIES SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE BRICKELLIA-CALIFORNICA, B-LEMMONII; COMPOSITAE; SESQUITERPENE LACTONES; GUAIANOLIDES; GERMACRANOLIDE; DITERPENES; ENT-LABDANE DERIVATIVES ID OCCURRING TERPENE DERIVATIVES; SESQUITERPENE LACTONES; DITERPENES; CONSTITUENTS; VERONICAEFOLIA AB The aerial parts of Brickellia californica afforded in addition to widespread compounds seven guaianolides, three of them not reported previously, and a germacranolide. From B. lemmonii 11 new ent-labdanes and three known ones were isolated. Structures were elucidated by high field NMR techniques. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP ZDERO, C (reprint author), TECH UNIV BERLIN,INST ORGAN CHEM,W-1000 BERLIN 12,GERMANY. NR 30 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PY 1991 VL 30 IS 5 BP 1591 EP 1595 DI 10.1016/0031-9422(91)84214-D PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA FJ568 UT WOS:A1991FJ56800045 ER PT J AU ZDERO, C BOHLMANN, F ANDERBERG, A KING, RM AF ZDERO, C BOHLMANN, F ANDERBERG, A KING, RM TI EREMOPHILANE DERIVATIVES AND OTHER CONSTITUENTS FROM HAECKERIA SPECIES AND FURTHER AUSTRALIAN INULEAE SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE HAECKERIA-PHOLIDOTA, H-PUNCTULATA; CASSINIA-ARCUATA, C-LEPTOCEPHALA; CALOMERIA-AMARANTHOIDES; CRATYSTYLIS-MICROPHYLLA; COMPOSITAE; SESQUITERPENES; SESQUITERPENE ACIDS; EREMOPHILANES; EUDESMANES; GERMACRANES; SESQUITERPENE LACTONES ID OCCURRING TERPENE DERIVATIVES; SESQUITERPENE LACTONES; PEGOLETTIA-SENEGALENSIS; OBLIQUIN DERIVATIVES; CARBON SKELETON; 8-HYDROXYPEGOLETTIOLIDE; EUDESMANOLIDES; GUAIANOLIDES AB From the aerial parts of two Haeckeria species, in addition to known compounds, 19 new eremophilan-12-oic acids, one being a seco-nor derivative, two eudesman-12-oic acids and three germacran-12-oic acids were isolated. The other species only gave known compounds which in part are of taxonomic relevance. The structures were elucidated by high field NMR spectroscopy. The chemotaxonomic aspects are discussed briefly. C1 SWEDISH MUSEUM NAT HIST,DEPT PHANEROGAM BOT,S-10485 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP ZDERO, C (reprint author), TECH UNIV BERLIN,INST ORGAN CHEM,W-1000 BERLIN 12,GERMANY. NR 28 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PY 1991 VL 30 IS 8 BP 2643 EP 2650 DI 10.1016/0031-9422(91)85114-F PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA FY874 UT WOS:A1991FY87400030 ER PT J AU JAKUPOVIC, J GANZER, U BOHLMANN, F KING, RM AF JAKUPOVIC, J GANZER, U BOHLMANN, F KING, RM TI KAURANE AND BEYERANE DERIVATIVES FROM CALOCEPHALUS-KNAPPII SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE CALOCEPHALUS-KNAPPII, MYRIOCEPHALUS-GUERINAE, POGONOLEPIS-MUELLERIANA; COMPOSITAE; DITERPENES; KAURANES; BEYERANES; LABDANES ID OCCURRING TERPENE DERIVATIVES; SESQUITERPENE LACTONES; CONSTITUENTS AB The aerial parts of Calocephalus knappii afforded several known kaurene and beyerene derivatives as well as one new ent-kaur-16-ene with a malonyloxy group. Myriocephalus guerinae gave two known labdanes, one being present also in Pogonolepis muelleriana. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP JAKUPOVIC, J (reprint author), TECH UNIV BERLIN,INST ORGAN CHEM,W-1000 BERLIN 12,GERMANY. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PY 1991 VL 30 IS 8 BP 2651 EP 2652 DI 10.1016/0031-9422(91)85115-G PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA FY874 UT WOS:A1991FY87400031 ER PT J AU JAKUPOVIC, J SCHUSTER, A WASSHAUSEN, DC AF JAKUPOVIC, J SCHUSTER, A WASSHAUSEN, DC TI ACETYLENES AND LABDANES FROM BACCHARIS-PEDUNCULATA SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Note DE BACCHARIS-PEDUNCULATA; COMPOSITAE; ACETYLENES; DITERPENES; LABDANES ID CONSTITUENTS; GLYCOSIDES; DITERPENES AB The aerial parts of Baccharis pedunculata afforded, in addition to known compounds, two C-16-acetylenes and four C-17-acetylenic carboxylic acids as well as four labdane derivatives. The structures were elucidated by high field NMR spectroscopy. Biogenetic aspects are discussed briefly. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP JAKUPOVIC, J (reprint author), TECH UNIV BERLIN,INST ORGAN CHEM,W-1000 BERLIN 12,GERMANY. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PY 1991 VL 30 IS 8 BP 2785 EP 2787 DI 10.1016/0031-9422(91)85145-P PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA FY874 UT WOS:A1991FY87400061 ER PT J AU ZDERO, C BOHLMANN, F KING, RM AF ZDERO, C BOHLMANN, F KING, RM TI DITERPENES AND NORDITERPENES FROM THE ARISTEGUETIA GROUP SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ARISTEGUETIA-BUDDLEAEFOLIA, A-GLUTINOSA; BADILLAO-SALICINA, GROSVENORIA-RIMBACHII; COMPOSITAE; DITERPENES; LABDANES; NOR-LABDANES; CLERODANES; TREMETONE DERIVATIVES ID OCCURRING TERPENE DERIVATIVES; LABDANE DERIVATIVES; GROSVENORIA-COELOCAULIS; SESQUITERPENE LACTONES; EUPATORIUM GROUP; CONSTITUENTS; 2-ACETOXY-3-ALPHA,4-ALPHA-EPOXY-3,4-DIHYDROKAUNIOLIDE AB A reinvestigation of Aristeguetia buddleaefolia gave 16 new labdanes and two nor-labdanes, while A. glutinosa afforded, in addition to large amounts of 8,15-dihydroxylabdane, three new nor-labdanes. Badillao salicina gave six new cis-clerodanes and Grosvenoria rimbachii, guaianolides and tremetone derivatives, four of which were new. The structures were elucidated by high field NMR techniques and a few chemical transformations. The chemotaxonomy is discussed briefly. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP ZDERO, C (reprint author), TECH UNIV BERLIN,INST ORGAN CHEM,W-1000 BERLIN 12,GERMANY. NR 38 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PY 1991 VL 30 IS 9 BP 2991 EP 3000 DI 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98238-4 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA GG059 UT WOS:A1991GG05900034 ER PT J AU SPORLE, J BECKER, H ALLEN, NS GUPTA, MP AF SPORLE, J BECKER, H ALLEN, NS GUPTA, MP TI SPIROTERPENOIDS FROM PLAGIOCHILA-MORITZIANA SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE PLAGIOCHILA-MORITZIANA; HEPATICAE; DIMERIC SPIROTERPENOIDS; C30-AND C35-TERPENOIDS; EUDESMANE; AROMADENDRANE; FUSICOCCANE; DIELS-ALDER REACTION; THERMAL DECOMPOSITION ID ACANTHOPHYLLA SUBSP JAPONICA; SESQUITERPENE; LIVERWORT; BICYCLOGERMACRENE; ANASTREPTA; SCAPANIA; LACTONES AB Three novel dimeric spiroterpenoids, two C35-terpenoids (eudesmane-fusicoccane) and one C30-terpenoid (eudesmane-aromadendrane) which might be biosynthesized via Diels-Alder like reaction were isolated from the Panamanian liverwort Plagiochila moritziana. The structures were elucidated by extensive NMR studies. Additionally, several known bicyclogermacrane, gymnomitrane, eudesmane, aromadendrane, and secoaromadendrane sesquiterpenoids were found. C1 UNIV SAARLAND,INST PHARMAKOGNOSIE & ANALYT PHYTOCHEM,W-6600 SAARBRUCKEN,GERMANY. SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. UNIV PANAMA,COLL PHARM & SPECIALIZED INST ANAL,OAS,FLORPAN,PHARMACOGNOSY RES UNIT,PANAMA CITY,PANAMA. OI Gupta, Mahabir/0000-0002-9302-7864 NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PY 1991 VL 30 IS 9 BP 3043 EP 3047 DI 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98249-9 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA GG059 UT WOS:A1991GG05900045 ER PT J AU ZDERO, C WASSHAUSEN, DC BOHLMANN, F AF ZDERO, C WASSHAUSEN, DC BOHLMANN, F TI GUAIANOLIDES FROM BRACHYLAENA SPECIES SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Note DE BRACHYLAENA-PERRIERI, B-HUILLENSIS, COMPOSITAE; SESQUITERPENE LACTONES; GUAIANOLIDES ID SESQUITERPENE LACTONES; CONSTITUENTS AB Guaianolides were isolated from two Brachylaena species. The compounds were all derived from desacyl cynaropicrin. The structures were elucidated by high field H-1 NMR spectroscopy and the chemotaxonomy of the genus is discussed briefly. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP ZDERO, C (reprint author), TECH UNIV BERLIN,INST ORGAN CHEM,W-1000 BERLIN 12,GERMANY. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PY 1991 VL 30 IS 11 BP 3810 EP 3811 DI 10.1016/0031-9422(91)80119-L PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA GP079 UT WOS:A1991GP07900065 ER PT J AU ZDERO, C BOHLMANN, F WASSHAUSEN, DC MUNGAI, MG AF ZDERO, C BOHLMANN, F WASSHAUSEN, DC MUNGAI, MG TI GLAUCOLIDES FROM OLD-WORLD VERNONIA SPECIES SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE VERNONIA-COLORATA SUBSP GRANDIS, V-HOLSTII, V-ZANZIBARENSIS; COMPOSITAE; SESQUITERPENE LACTONES, GLAUCOLIDES; VERNODALIN DERIVATIVES; BRACHYCALYXOLIDES ID SESQUITERPENE LACTONES; ROLANDRA-FRUTICOSA; COMPOSITAE AB The investigation of two East African and a Madagascarian Vernonia species afforded several new sesquiterpene lactones. Vernonia colorata subsp. grandis gave 19-hydroxyglaucolide A and three vernodalin derivatives, V. holstii five new cistifoliolides and V. zanzibarensis five lactones closely related to brachycalyxolide. The structures were elucidated by high field NMR techniques. The chemotaxonomic relevance is discussed briefly. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT BOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. E AFRICAN HERBARIUM,NAIROBI,KENYA. RP ZDERO, C (reprint author), TECH UNIV BERLIN,INST ORGAN CHEM,W-1000 BERLIN 12,GERMANY. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PY 1991 VL 30 IS 12 BP 4025 EP 4028 DI 10.1016/0031-9422(91)83457-V PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA GY737 UT WOS:A1991GY73700037 ER PT B AU WHIGHAM, DF ONEILL, J AF WHIGHAM, DF ONEILL, J BE WELLS, TCE WILLEMS, JH TI THE DYNAMICS OF FLOWERING AND FRUIT PRODUCTION IN 2 EASTERN NORTH-AMERICAN TERRESTRIAL ORCHIDS, TIPULARIA-DISCOLOR AND LIPARIS-LILIFOLIA SO POPULATION ECOLOGY OF TERRESTRIAL ORCHIDS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL ORCHID SYMP CY JUN 18-22, 1990 CL S LIMBURG, NETHERLANDS SP UNIV UTRECHT, DEPT PLANT ECOL & EVOLUT BIOL, UNIV ULTRECT, FAC BIOL, MINIST AGR NATL MANAGEMENT & FISHERIES NETHERLANDS RP WHIGHAM, DF (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,POB 28,EDGEWATER,MD 21037, USA. NR 0 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 4 PU S P B ACADEMIC PUBL PI THE HAGUE PA THE HAGUE BN 90-5103-068-1 PY 1991 BP 89 EP 101 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BV43T UT WOS:A1991BV43T00008 ER PT J AU MARVIN, UB LINDSTROM, MM HOLMBERG, BB MARTINEZ, RR AF MARVIN, UB LINDSTROM, MM HOLMBERG, BB MARTINEZ, RR TI NEW OBSERVATIONS ON THE QUARTZ MONZODIORITE-GRANITE SUITE SO PROCEEDINGS OF LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID KREEP; ORIGIN; PETROLOGY; ROCKS AB Petrographic studies and major- and trace-clement analyses of four fragments of quartz monzodiorite (QMD) and one of granite from the 2-4 mm fraction of Apollo 15 soil sample 15403 demonstrate the extreme variations found in small particles. One QMD clast, 15403,71A, contains 18% modal phosphates in grains >1 mm long. This is the most phosphate-rich lithology reported from the Moon. A second QMD clast, 15403,7001, contains only a few 0.04-mm grains of phosphates. Clearly, QMD particles must be viewed as a suite and their compositions averaged for purposes of calculating modes of origin. Soil 15403 was derived from rock 15405, which consists of a dark, KREEPy impact melt containing fragments of QMD, granite, KREEP basalt, and one clast of more primitive alkali norite. It seems most probable to us that QMD and granites were formed mainly by the fractional crystallization of a KREEP-rich basaltic magma. The Apollo 15 KREEP basalts cannot represent this parent magma because age determinations show that QMD and granites predate the KREEP basalts. We suggest that QMD and granite crystallized from plutons parental to KREEP basalt magmas and that the alkali norite clast in 19405, although not representative of that magma, is part of the precursor plutonic rock. C1 LOCKHEED ENGN & SCI CO,HOUSTON,TX 77058. NASA,LYNDON B JOHNSON SPACE CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77058. RP MARVIN, UB (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 34 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU LUNAR AND PLANETARY INST PI HOUSTON PA 3600 BAY AREA BLVD, HOUSTON, TX 77058 SN 0270-9511 J9 P LUNAR PLANET SCI PY 1991 VL 21 BP 119 EP 135 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA MG413 UT WOS:A1991MG41300009 ER PT J AU ZIMBELMAN, JR SOLOMON, SC SHARPTON, VL AF ZIMBELMAN, JR SOLOMON, SC SHARPTON, VL TI THE EVOLUTION OF VOLCANISM, TECTONICS, AND VOLATILES ON MARS - AN OVERVIEW OF RECENT PROGRESS SO PROCEEDINGS OF LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID THARSIS REGION; SNC METEORITES; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; LITHOSPHERIC STRESS; OXIDIZED SULFUR; MARTIAN ORIGIN; IMPACT BASINS; GIANT IMPACT; PROVINCE; SHERGOTTITES AB Among the principal accomplishments of the MEVTV project are several important and widely accepted scientific findings about Mars. The global and regional volcanic flux has been established from systematic geological mapping using Viking images, providing a relative volcanic chronology for most of history. Petrologic and chemical analyses of SNC meteorites, inferred to have been derived from Mars, have revealed an abundance of volatile materials, including hydrous minerals (amphiboles), oxidized sulfur, possible carbonates, and various salts; these results provide direct evidence that Mars is likely to be volatile-rich. Geological mapping and temporal groupings of major fault systems haw provided strong new constraints on the sequence and timing of martian tectonic events, particularly in the vicinity of the Tharsis region. Substantial progress was also forthcoming on several fundmental but incompletely resolved aspects of martian evolution during the MEVTV program. The origin of the crustal dichotomy on Mars was the subject of intensive investigations, and two classes of hypotheses have emerged: One relates the northern lowlands to the effects of large impact(s); the other calls for tectonic foundering subsequent to subjects erosion by mantle convection. The kinematics and mode of formation of wrinkle ridges are the subjects of continuing research. While it is clear that these features represent compressional deformation, whether they are predominantly the expression of buckling or faulting remains problematic, as do the cause and implications of their remarkably straight trends and periodic spacing in some locales. Isotopic and petrologic analyses have revealed significant variations within the group of SNC meteorites that, if these objects come from Mars, suggests heterogeneous sources for the parental martian magmas. Finally, several intriguing new ideas have resulted from project-sponsored research and workshop discussions. A number of tectonic features have been identified as probable transcurrent faults documenting horizontal offsets of at least several tens of kilometers. Such faulting, along with the large extensional strains required to form Valles Marineris, could indicate an early episode of significant horizontal motions of lithospheric blocks. One speculative hypothesis is that such motions were accommodated in a very early episode of plate tectonics on Mars, during which the original lithosphere of the northern lowlands was subducted beneath the Tharsis region and new lithosphere with thinner crust was generated at a now-extinct spreading center. This hypothesis, which remains to be tested rigorously, links the formation of the crustal dichotomy to the formation of Tharsis. C1 LUNAR & PLANETARY INST,HOUSTON,TX 77058. MIT,DEPT EARTH ATMOSPHER & PLANETARY,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP ZIMBELMAN, JR (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM,CTR EARTH & PLANETARY STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 115 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU LUNAR AND PLANETARY INST PI HOUSTON PA 3600 BAY AREA BLVD, HOUSTON, TX 77058 SN 0270-9511 J9 P LUNAR PLANET SCI PY 1991 VL 21 BP 613 EP 626 PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA MG413 UT WOS:A1991MG41300045 ER PT J AU ZIMBELMAN, JR CRADDOCK, RA AF ZIMBELMAN, JR CRADDOCK, RA TI AN EVALUATION OF PROBABLE BEDROCK EXPOSURE IN THE SINUS MERIDIANI REGION OF THE MARTIAN HIGHLANDS SO PROCEEDINGS OF LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN HEMISPHERE; SURFACE-COMPOSITION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; MARS; RESOLUTION; ALBEDO; RADAR; EQUATORIAL; TOPOGRAPHY; MORPHOLOGY AB The study region (15-degrees-N to 15-degrees-S, 330-degrees to 360-degrees-W) includes portions of the classical low-albedo regions of Sinus Meridiani and Sinus Sabaeus and the high-albedo region of Arabia and is entirety within the cratered highlands of Mars. This region has been the subject of several spectral reflectance studies and it is also included in global studies at thermal infrared and radar wavelengths. More than 400 high-resolution (8-36 m/pixel) Viking images in the study area were used to estimate the percentage of the area of each frame having locally steep slopes, here assumed to be the most probable locality for exposure of bedrock Forty-two percent of the high-resolution frames have <1% probable bedrock exposure while 3% of the frames have 15% probable bedrock exposure, the maximum observed value. Rims of young impact craters and scarps account for most of the bedrock exposure locations. Eroded layers of competent material compose the majority of steep slopes at some locations in low-albedo areas (eg., O-degrees to 8-degrees-N, 350-degrees to 360-degrees-W); these locations are also associated with local enhancements of thermal inertia that may be related to surface exposures of indurated sediments. There is no significant difference in probable bedrock exposure between high-albedo and low-albedo regions, and there is no apparent correlation between bedrock exposure and the units defined by either spectral reflectance studies or photogeologic mapping. These results indicate that great caution must be exercised in attributing remotely sensed properties to bedrock materials. RP ZIMBELMAN, JR (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM,CTR EARTH & PLANETARY STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. RI Craddock, Robert/B-3884-2013 NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LUNAR AND PLANETARY INST PI HOUSTON PA 3600 BAY AREA BLVD, HOUSTON, TX 77058 SN 0270-9511 J9 P LUNAR PLANET SCI PY 1991 VL 21 BP 645 EP 655 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA MG413 UT WOS:A1991MG41300048 ER PT S AU MARVIN, UB LINDSTROM, MM HOLMBERG, BB MARTINEZ, RR AF MARVIN, UB LINDSTROM, MM HOLMBERG, BB MARTINEZ, RR BE Ryder, G Sharpton, VL TI NEW OBSERVATIONS ON THE QUARTZ MONZODIORITE-GRANITE SUITE SO PROCEEDINGS OF LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE, VOL 21 SE PROCEEDINGS OF LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21ST ANNUAL LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE CONF CY MAR 12-16, 1990 CL HOUSTON, TX SP LUNAR & PLANETARY INST, NASA, JOHNSON SPACE CTR, AMER ASSOC PETR GEOLOGISTS, AMER GEOPHY UNION, AMER ASTON SOC, DIV PLANETARY SCI, GEOL SOC AMER, INT UNION GEOL SCI, METEORIT SOC RP MARVIN, UB (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 0 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU LUNAR & PLANETARY INST PI HOUSTON PA HOUSTON SN 0270-9511 BN 0-942862-05-8 J9 P LUNAR PLANET SCI PY 1991 VL 21 BP 119 EP 135 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA BZ04M UT WOS:A1991BZ04M00009 ER PT S AU ZIMBELMAN, JR SOLOMON, SC SHARPTON, VL AF ZIMBELMAN, JR SOLOMON, SC SHARPTON, VL BE Ryder, G Sharpton, VL TI THE EVOLUTION OF VOLCANISM, TECTONICS, AND VOLATILES ON MARS - AN OVERVIEW OF RECENT PROGRESS SO PROCEEDINGS OF LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE, VOL 21 SE PROCEEDINGS OF LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21ST ANNUAL LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE CONF CY MAR 12-16, 1990 CL HOUSTON, TX SP LUNAR & PLANETARY INST, NASA, JOHNSON SPACE CTR, AMER ASSOC PETR GEOLOGISTS, AMER GEOPHY UNION, AMER ASTON SOC, DIV PLANETARY SCI, GEOL SOC AMER, INT UNION GEOL SCI, METEORIT SOC RP ZIMBELMAN, JR (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM,CTR EARTH & PLANETARY STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU LUNAR & PLANETARY INST PI HOUSTON PA HOUSTON SN 0270-9511 BN 0-942862-05-8 J9 P LUNAR PLANET SCI PY 1991 VL 21 BP 613 EP 626 PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA BZ04M UT WOS:A1991BZ04M00045 ER PT S AU ZIMBELMAN, JR CRADDOCK, RA AF ZIMBELMAN, JR CRADDOCK, RA BE Ryder, G Sharpton, VL TI AN EVALUATION OF PROBABLE BEDROCK EXPOSURE IN THE SINUS MERIDIANI REGION OF THE MARTIAN HIGHLANDS SO PROCEEDINGS OF LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE, VOL 21 SE PROCEEDINGS OF LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21ST ANNUAL LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE CONF CY MAR 12-16, 1990 CL HOUSTON, TX SP LUNAR & PLANETARY INST, NASA, JOHNSON SPACE CTR, AMER ASSOC PETR GEOLOGISTS, AMER GEOPHY UNION, AMER ASTON SOC, DIV PLANETARY SCI, GEOL SOC AMER, INT UNION GEOL SCI, METEORIT SOC RP ZIMBELMAN, JR (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM,CTR EARTH & PLANETARY STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. RI Craddock, Robert/B-3884-2013 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LUNAR & PLANETARY INST PI HOUSTON PA HOUSTON SN 0270-9511 BN 0-942862-05-8 J9 P LUNAR PLANET SCI PY 1991 VL 21 BP 645 EP 655 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA BZ04M UT WOS:A1991BZ04M00048 ER PT J AU MATHIS, WN FREIDBERG, A AF MATHIS, WN FREIDBERG, A TI REVIEW OF AFROTROPICAL BEACH FLIES OF THE TRIBE CANACINI AND SUBFAMILY NOCTICANACINAE (DIPTERA, CANACIDAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Review DE CANACIDAE (CANACINI, NOCTICANACINAE); BEACH FLIES; AFROTROPICAL REGION; TAXONOMIC REVIEW AB Afrotropical beach flies of the tribe Canacini and subfamily Nocticanacinae are reviewed. Included are 3 species in Canace Haliday, 6 in Nocticanace Malloch, and 5 species in Procanace Hendel. Four new species are described: Canace zvuv (Limbe, Cameroon), Nocticanace littorea (Takaungu, 50 km N Mombasa, Kenya), Procanace canzonerii (Limbe and Kribi, Cameroon), and Procanace pninae (Takaungu, 50 km N Mombasa, Kenya). One synonymy is proposed: Procanace fluvialis Canzoneri, 1987 = Procanace grisescens Hendel, 1913. Diagnoses are provided for species groups and genera that include new species to facilitate their recognition. RP MATHIS, WN (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT ENTOMOL,NHB 169,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 93 IS 1 BP 70 EP 85 PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA EY226 UT WOS:A1991EY22600007 ER PT J AU DAVIS, DR AF DAVIS, DR TI LECTOTYPE DESIGNATION FOR OPOSTEGA-HERINGELLA MARIANI, A SYNONYM OF OPOSTEGA-SPATULELLA HERRICH-SCHAFFER (LEPIDOPTERA, OPOSTEGIDAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Note RP DAVIS, DR (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT ENTOMOL,NHB 127,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 93 IS 1 BP 206 EP 207 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA EY226 UT WOS:A1991EY22600022 ER PT J AU KAWAGUCHI, K KAIFU, N OHISHI, M ISHIKAWA, S HIRAHARA, Y YAMAMOTO, S SAITO, S TAKANO, S MURAKAMI, A VRTILEK, JM GOTTLIEB, CA THADDEUS, P IRVINE, WM AF KAWAGUCHI, K KAIFU, N OHISHI, M ISHIKAWA, S HIRAHARA, Y YAMAMOTO, S SAITO, S TAKANO, S MURAKAMI, A VRTILEK, JM GOTTLIEB, CA THADDEUS, P IRVINE, WM TI OBSERVATIONS OF CUMULENE CARBENES, H2CCCC AND H2CCC, IN TMC-1 SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE DARK CLOUD CHEMISTRY; INTERSTELLAR MOLECULES; TMC-1 ID LABORATORY DETECTION; ASTRONOMICAL IDENTIFICATION; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; C3H2; CYCLOPROPENYLIDENE; DARK AB The carbon chain molecule H2CCCC was detected in the dark cloud TMC-1 for the first time in the course of a molecular line survey using the Nobeyama 45-m telescope. From nine transitions observed in the frequency region of 17-45 GHz, the total column density of H2CCCC in TMC-1 was derived to be 7.5(+/- 2.0) X 10(12) cm-2, which is about half of the value reported in IRC + 10216. Five transitions of a related carbon chain molecule, H2CCC, were also detected in TMC-1. The column density of H2CCC obtained in TMC-1, 2.8(+/- 0.9) x 10(12) cm-2, is a factor of three smaller than that of H2CCCC. The ortho-to-para abundance ratios of H2CCCC and H2CCC were found to be 4.2(+/- 1.5) and 5.9(+/- 2.0), respectively. The chemical reactions of these carbon-chain molecules in dark clouds are discussed. C1 UNIV TOKYO,FAC SCI,DEPT CHEM,BUNKYO KU,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. NAGOYA UNIV,SCH SCI,DEPT ASTROPHYS,CHIKUSA KU,NAGOYA 46401,JAPAN. MITSUBISHI KASEI CORP,MIDORI KU,YOKOHAMA 227,JAPAN. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,FIVE COLL RADIO ASTRON OBSERV,AMHERST,MA 01003. RP KAWAGUCHI, K (reprint author), NOBEYAMA RADIO OBSERV,MINAMIMAKI,NAGANO 38413,JAPAN. RI Kawaguchi, Kentarou/B-1758-2011 OI Kawaguchi, Kentarou/0000-0003-1067-1839 NR 30 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA C/O NATIONAL ASTRONOM OBSERV MITAKA-SHI, TOKYO 181, JAPAN SN 0004-6264 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC JPN JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Jpn. PY 1991 VL 43 IS 4 BP 607 EP 619 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA GL651 UT WOS:A1991GL65100006 ER PT J AU GODDARD, I AF GODDARD, I TI ATHAPASKAN LINGUISTICS - CURRENT PERSPECTIVES ON A LANGUAGE FAMILY - COOK,ED, RICE,KD SO STUDIES IN LANGUAGE LA English DT Book Review RP GODDARD, I (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN BENJAMINS B V PUBL PI AMSTERDAM PA AMSTELDIJK 44, PO BOX 75577, SUBSCRIPTIONS DEPT, 1070 AN AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4177 J9 STUD LANG JI Stud. Lang. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 2 BP 471 EP 479 DI 10.1075/sl.15.2.14god PG 9 WC Linguistics; Language & Linguistics SC Linguistics GA HB454 UT WOS:A1991HB45400011 ER PT J AU WASHBURN, WE AF WASHBURN, WE TI HEARTH AND HOME - A HISTORY OF MATERIAL CULTURE - POUNDS,NJG SO TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE LA English DT Book Review RP WASHBURN, WE (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,OFF AMER STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0040-165X J9 TECHNOL CULT JI Technol. Cult. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 32 IS 1 BP 132 EP 133 DI 10.2307/3106018 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA FN370 UT WOS:A1991FN37000013 ER PT J AU BEDINI, SA AF BEDINI, SA TI EARLY SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS - EUROPE 1400-1800 - TURNER,A SO TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE LA English DT Book Review RP BEDINI, SA (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0040-165X J9 TECHNOL CULT JI Technol. Cult. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 32 IS 1 BP 169 EP 170 DI 10.2307/3106040 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA FN370 UT WOS:A1991FN37000035 ER PT B AU WEEKES, TC AF WEEKES, TC BE BARROW, JD MESTEL, L THOMAS, PA TI VERY-HIGH-ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY - OVERVIEW AND PROSPECTS SO TEXAS / ESO-CERN SYMPOSIUM ON RELATIVISTIC ASTROPHYSICS, COSMOLOGY, AND FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15TH TEXAS SYMP / 4TH SYMP OF EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY AND THE CENTRE-ETUDES-RECHERCHES-NUCLEAIRES : RELATIVISTICS ASTROPHYSICS, COSMOLOGY, AND FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS CY DEC 16-21, 1990 CL BRIGHTON, ENGLAND SP CTR ETUDES RECH NUCL, THEORY DIV, EUROPEAN SO OBSERV, SCI DIV, INT CTR THEORET PHYS, LONDON MATH SOC, NASA, NATL SCI FDN, NY ACAD SCI, ROYAL ASTRONAUT SOC, UNIV TEXAS DALLAS, ROYAL SOC LONDON RP WEEKES, TC (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,WHIPPLE OBSERV,POB 97,AMADO,AZ 85645, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-708-5 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1991 VL 647 BP 326 EP 333 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BW52V UT WOS:A1991BW52V00027 ER PT B AU MCCLINTOCK, J AF MCCLINTOCK, J BE BARROW, JD MESTEL, L THOMAS, PA TI BLACK-HOLES IN THE GALAXY SO TEXAS / ESO-CERN SYMPOSIUM ON RELATIVISTIC ASTROPHYSICS, COSMOLOGY, AND FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15TH TEXAS SYMP / 4TH SYMP OF EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY AND THE CENTRE-ETUDES-RECHERCHES-NUCLEAIRES : RELATIVISTICS ASTROPHYSICS, COSMOLOGY, AND FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS CY DEC 16-21, 1990 CL BRIGHTON, ENGLAND SP CTR ETUDES RECH NUCL, THEORY DIV, EUROPEAN SO OBSERV, SCI DIV, INT CTR THEORET PHYS, LONDON MATH SOC, NASA, NATL SCI FDN, NY ACAD SCI, ROYAL ASTRONAUT SOC, UNIV TEXAS DALLAS, ROYAL SOC LONDON RP MCCLINTOCK, J (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-708-5 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1991 VL 647 BP 495 EP 502 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BW52V UT WOS:A1991BW52V00047 ER PT B AU ROBINSON, MH AF ROBINSON, MH BE DAWKINS, MS HALLIDAY, TR DAWKINS, R TI TINBERGEN,NIKO COMPARATIVE-STUDIES AND EVOLUTION SO TINBERGAN LEGACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON THE TINBERGEN LEGACY CY MAR 20, 1990 CL OXFORD, ENGLAND RP ROBINSON, MH (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHAPMAN & HALL PI LONDON PA LONDON BN 0-412-39120-1 PY 1991 BP 100 EP 128 PG 29 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA BU96D UT WOS:A1991BU96D00007 ER PT J AU MUNSON, L WORLEY, MB AF MUNSON, L WORLEY, MB TI VENOOCCLUSIVE DISEASE IN SNOW LEOPARDS (PANTHERA-UNCIA) FROM ZOOLOGICAL PARKS SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CHRONIC ACTIVE HEPATITIS; FIBROSIS; LIVER; SNOW LEOPARD; VENOOCCLUSIVE DISEASE ID HEPATITIS-B VIRUS; CAPTIVE CHEETAHS; LIVER-DISEASE; MORPHOLOGY; LIPOCYTES; COLLAGEN; INJURY; CELLS AB Livers from 54 snow leopards, 4 days to 23 years old, that had died in 23 US zoos, were evaluated histopathologically to determine if the hepatic fibrosis, which has been noted to be prevalent in this species, was due to chronic active hepatitis from hepadnaviral infection, Ito cell proliferation, or hemosiderosis. Forty-two of 54 snow leopards had subintimal vascular fibrosis with partial or total occlusion of central and sublobular veins (veno-occlusive disease) of unknown origin. All 21 leopards older than 5 years were affected. Four leopards had chronic active hepatitis, and 12 leopards had cholangiohepatitis; but these lesions were not connected anatomically to central and sublobular venous fibrosis. Hepatocellular and Kupffer cell siderosis and Ito cell proliferation were prevalent and often coexisted with perisinusoidal, central, and sublobular venous fibrosis; but fibrosis was present in leopards without siderosis or Ito cell proliferation. The pattern and prevalence of veno-occlusive disease in these leopards was similar to that reported in captive cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), suggesting that a common extrinsic factor may cause the majority of hepatic disease in these large felid animals in captivity. C1 ZOOL SOC SAN DIEGO,CTR REPROD ENDANGERED SPECIES,VIROL & IMMUNOL LAB,SAN DIEGO,CA 92112. RP MUNSON, L (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 35 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 28 IS 1 BP 37 EP 45 PG 9 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA EV026 UT WOS:A1991EV02600006 PM 2017826 ER PT J AU KAEPPLER, AL AF KAEPPLER, AL TI AMERICAN APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF DANCE SO YEARBOOK FOR TRADITIONAL MUSIC LA English DT Article RP KAEPPLER, AL (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT COUNCIL TRADITIONAL MUSIC PI NEW YORK PA COLUMBIA UNIV, DEPT MUSIC, NEW YORK, NY 10027 SN 0740-1558 J9 YEARB TRADIT MUSIC JI Yearb. Tradit. Mus. PY 1991 VL 23 BP 11 EP 21 DI 10.2307/768393 PG 11 WC Music SC Music GA GW011 UT WOS:A1991GW01100002 ER PT J AU FARNELL, B AF FARNELL, B TI NAKOTA-MAKOCE - AN AMERICAN-INDIAN STORYTELLING PERFORMANCE SO YEARBOOK FOR TRADITIONAL MUSIC LA English DT Article RP FARNELL, B (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT ANTHROPOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT COUNCIL TRADITIONAL MUSIC PI NEW YORK PA COLUMBIA UNIV, DEPT MUSIC, NEW YORK, NY 10027 SN 0740-1558 J9 YEARB TRADIT MUSIC JI Yearb. Tradit. Mus. PY 1991 VL 23 BP 79 EP 99 DI 10.2307/768398 PG 21 WC Music SC Music GA GW011 UT WOS:A1991GW01100007 ER PT J AU SEEGER, A AF SEEGER, A TI INUIT VOCAL GAMES + NATTIEZ - OCORA-C559071 SO YEARBOOK FOR TRADITIONAL MUSIC LA English DT Record Review RP SEEGER, A (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT COUNCIL TRADITIONAL MUSIC PI NEW YORK PA COLUMBIA UNIV, DEPT MUSIC, NEW YORK, NY 10027 SN 0740-1558 J9 YEARB TRADIT MUSIC JI Yearb. Tradit. Mus. PY 1991 VL 23 BP 156 EP 156 DI 10.2307/768418 PG 1 WC Music SC Music GA GW011 UT WOS:A1991GW01100022 ER PT J AU CARLSTEAD, K SEIDENSTICKER, J BALDWIN, R AF CARLSTEAD, K SEIDENSTICKER, J BALDWIN, R TI ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT FOR ZOO BEARS SO ZOO BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE OBJECT MANIPULATION; FEEDING; FORAGING; HUSBANDRY PROCEDURES; CAGE FURNISHINGS; STEREOTYPIC BEHAVIOR AB The high incidence of stereotypic behaviors in zoo bears (van Keulen-Kromhout: International Zoo Yearbook 18:177-186, 1978) suggests that the environment of these animals lacks essential stimuli for guiding normal behavior. Three experiments investigated ways in which bear husbandry procedures can be altered to promote normal behavior. In experiments 1 and 2, honey-filled logs were given to a sloth (Melursus ursinus), American black (Ursus americanus), and brown bear (Ursus arctos) to determine 1) the role of food in stimulating investigatory behavior, 2) the rate of habituation to manipulable objects introduced into the exhibit, and 3) effects on locomotory behaviors. Results show specific and general habituation to the introduced objects that can be counteracted by refilling the logs with honey and by providing multiple logs in the exhibit. Investigatory activity directed toward honey-logs replaces pacing and walking in the sloth bear and is most effective in doing so when the log is novel. Experiment 3 examined the behavioral effects of feeding an American black bear in three different ways: 1) once daily in the den, 2) once daily with supplemental food from a mechanical feeder, and 3) once daily with food hidden in the exhibit in manipulatable objects. The latter method reduced stereotypic pacing from a median of 150 min/day to 20 min/day; the mechanical feeder method had no such effect. The results of a survey of 67 zoos concerning the diet and manner of feeding these three species of bears, as well as Asian black bears (Ursus thibetanus) are presented. Results are discussed with respect to the ways in which husbandry procedures can be improved to stimulate functional foraging and feeding behavior in confined bears. RP CARLSTEAD, K (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 0 TC 77 Z9 80 U1 12 U2 89 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0733-3188 J9 ZOO BIOL JI Zoo Biol. PY 1991 VL 10 IS 1 BP 3 EP 16 DI 10.1002/zoo.1430100103 PG 14 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA EW169 UT WOS:A1991EW16900002 ER PT J AU MITHTHAPALA, S SEIDENSTICKER, J PHILLIPS, LG GOODROWE, KL FERNANDO, SBU FORMAN, L OBRIEN, SJ AF MITHTHAPALA, S SEIDENSTICKER, J PHILLIPS, LG GOODROWE, KL FERNANDO, SBU FORMAN, L OBRIEN, SJ TI GENETIC-VARIATION IN SRI-LANKAN LEOPARDS SO ZOO BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PANTHERA-PARDUS-KOTIYA; APRT; PGD; POLYMORPHISM AB Electrophoretic variation of 50 gene-enzyme systems was typed in a population of 33 captive leopards (Panthera pardus) from the island of Sri Lanka. The captive leopard population was composed of several lineages: 1) wild-caught leopards of the island subspecies (P. p. kotiya), 2) captive-born animals of the same subspecies, 3) a melanistic lineage whose founders were obtained from Malaysia (P. p. delacouri), and 4) leopards of known mixed lineage and unknown status. Two loci, APRT and PGD, were polymorphic in all samples, whereas 48 loci were invariant. Percent polymorphism (P) and percent average heterozygosity (H) were calculated as 4% and 1.4%, respectively, for the wild-caught leopards; 4% and 1.2% for the captive-born kotiya leopards; and 4% and 2.0% for the melanistic lineage. The overall results revealed a detectable decrease in genetic variability compared with a previous study of captive leopards from mainland origins. The mainland leopards had three additional polymorphic loci, ADA, ES1, and HBB. Reexamination of the TF locus using a revised protocol resolved a new allele in the sample of mainland leopards but not in the Sri Lankan sample. With this new polymorphism, recalculated P and H values for the mainland sample are 10% and 3.1%, respectively. No significant differences in polymorphic loci were observed between the leopard subspecies examined. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. NR 0 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0733-3188 J9 ZOO BIOL JI Zoo Biol. PY 1991 VL 10 IS 2 BP 139 EP 146 DI 10.1002/zoo.1430100206 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA FG950 UT WOS:A1991FG95000005 ER PT J AU COLE, KS SHAPIRO, DY AF COLE, KS SHAPIRO, DY TI GONAD STRUCTURE AND HERMAPHRODITISM IN THE GOBIID GENUS CORYPHOPTERUS (TELEOSTEI, GOBIIDAE) SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID MARINE GOBY; SEX-CHANGE; FISHES; NICHOLSI AB Protogynous hermaphroditism has been demonstrated in three species of Coryphopterus (Gobiidae). Based on an examination of sexual patterns in seven additional congeners, protogyny appears to be widespread in this genus. Female-to-male sex change was experimentally confirmed in the three species: Coryphopterus lipernes, C. hyalinus and C. dicrus. A histological examination of gonad structure was carried out in another four species: C. alloides, C. eidolon, C. thrix and C. urospilus. Protogyny was indicated in all four by the presence of tissue masses associated with the ovary, which, in protogynous congeners, develop into testis-associated structures during sex change. Coryphopterus exhibits considerable geographical, morphological and ecological diversity. The apparent prevalence of protogyny in this genus suggests that hermaphroditism is an ancestral, rather than a recently derived, condition. In experimental C. hyalinus examined in this study, secondary testis development showed some differences from that seen in other Coryphopterus. This suggests that the separate species status currently given to C. hyalinus, and the similar-appearing congener, C. personatus, is valid. C1 UNIV PUERTO RICO,DEPT MARINE SCI,MAYAGUEZ,PR 00709. SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. RP COLE, KS (reprint author), BISHOPS UNIV,DEPT BIOL,LENNOXVILLE J1M 1Z7,QUEBEC,CANADA. NR 19 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS BUSINESS OFFICE PI CARBONDALE PA SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV, DEPT ZOOLOGY, CARBONDALE, IL 62901-6501 SN 0045-8511 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD DEC 31 PY 1990 IS 4 BP 996 EP 1003 DI 10.2307/1446482 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA ET225 UT WOS:A1990ET22500006 ER PT J AU WARD, DC AF WARD, DC TI UNCOMMON CURRENCY + BROWN REVIEW OF JUNOR SO TLS-THE TIMES LITERARY SUPPLEMENT LA English DT Letter RP WARD, DC (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL PORTRAIT GALLERY,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TIMES NEWSPAPERS LTD PI LONDON PA PO BOX 479 VIRGINIA ST, LONDON, ENGLAND E1 9XU SN 0307-661X J9 TLS-TIMES LIT SUPPL JI TLS-Times Lit. Suppl. PD DEC 28 PY 1990 IS 4578 BP 1399 EP 1399 PG 1 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA EQ337 UT WOS:A1990EQ33700022 ER PT J AU MORRIS, SL LIEBERT, J STOCKE, JT GIOIA, IM SCHILD, RE WOLTER, A AF MORRIS, SL LIEBERT, J STOCKE, JT GIOIA, IM SCHILD, RE WOLTER, A TI MS 1603.6+2600, AN UNUSUAL X-RAY SELECTED BINARY-SYSTEM AT HIGH GALACTIC LATITUDE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV COLORADO,CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE ASTRON,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP MORRIS, SL (reprint author), OBSERV CARNEGIE INST WASHINGTON,813 SANTA BARBARA ST,PASADENA,CA 91101, USA. RI Morris, Simon/G-7981-2011; Gioia, Isabella/B-6982-2012; OI Morris, Simon/0000-0003-4866-110X; Gioia, Isabella/0000-0003-3127-498X; Wolter, Anna/0000-0001-5840-9835 NR 29 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 1990 VL 365 IS 2 BP 686 EP 695 DI 10.1086/169523 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EL773 UT WOS:A1990EL77300028 ER PT J AU SCHMITT, JHMM COLLURA, A SCIORTINO, S VAIANA, GS HARNDEN, FR ROSNER, R AF SCHMITT, JHMM COLLURA, A SCIORTINO, S VAIANA, GS HARNDEN, FR ROSNER, R TI EINSTEIN-OBSERVATORY CORONAL TEMPERATURES OF LATE-TYPE STARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 OSSERV ASTRON PALERMO, I-90134 PALERMO, ITALY. CNR, IAIF, PALERMO, ITALY. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. UNIV CHICAGO, ENRICO FERMI INST, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. UNIV CHICAGO, DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. RP MAX PLANCK INST EXTRATERRESTR PHYS, W-8046 GARCHING, GERMANY. OI collura, alfonso/0000-0001-9534-1235 NR 51 TC 228 Z9 229 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 1990 VL 365 IS 2 BP 704 EP 728 DI 10.1086/169525 PN 1 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EL773 UT WOS:A1990EL77300030 ER PT J AU CURIEL, S RAYMOND, JC RODRIGUEZ, LF CANTO, J MORAN, JM AF CURIEL, S RAYMOND, JC RODRIGUEZ, LF CANTO, J MORAN, JM TI THE EXCITING SOURCE OF THE BIPOLAR OUTFLOW IN L1448 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 NATL AUTONOMOUS UNIV MEXICO,INST ASTRON,MEXICO CITY 04510,DF,MEXICO. RP CURIEL, S (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 18 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 1990 VL 365 IS 2 BP L85 EP L88 DI 10.1086/185894 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EL774 UT WOS:A1990EL77400011 ER PT J AU MATHIS, WN ZATWARNICKI, T AF MATHIS, WN ZATWARNICKI, T TI TAXONOMIC NOTES ON EPHYDRIDAE (DIPTERA) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article AB Several zoological and nomenclatural items concerning Nearctic Ephydridae, which will be modified in a forthcoming checklist of North American Diptera, are presented and explained. Usage of the family-group names Gymnomyzinae and Gymnomyzini is discussed; Athyroglossa (Parathyroglossa) dinorata, a new species, is described ( = A. ordinata of American authors, not Becker); the synonymy of the genus Gymnomyza Fallen with Mosillus Latreille is explained; the tribe Ochtherini is transferred to the subfamily Gymnomyzinae where character evidence allies it with the tribe Gymnomyzini; the tribe Lipochaetini is recognized and Nearctic genera assigned; Pelignellus is synonymized with Atissa; Pelignus salinus Cresson is transferred to Schema Becker; hecamedoides glaucellus unispinosus is given species status ( = H. glaucellus of American authors, not Stenhammar); Nesopsilopa Mathis & Wirth is relegated to subgeneric status under Guttipsilopa Wirth; the subfamily Hyadininae Phillips et al. is given precedence over Gastropinae Cresson by our present action as first revisors; three subspecies in the genus Pelina (bispinosa, latiforma, and prospinosa) are given species status; possible relationships of the tribe Parydrini are discussed; Parydra parasocia Clausen is synonymized with Ephydra fossarum Haliday; Parydra halteralis joaquinensis Clausen is given species status; the tribe Philygriini is diagnosed for the first time; Philygris opposita Loew, 1861 is synonymized with Notiphila puanctatonervosa 1813; Ephydra lata Walker, 1858 is synonymized with Ephydra ripara Fallen, 1813; Ephydra oscitans Walker is discussed; and Ephydra gracilis Packard, 1871 is given precedence over Ephydra cinerea Jones, 1906. RP MATHIS, WN (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT ENTOMOL,NHB 169,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 48 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0006-324X J9 P BIOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. PD DEC 19 PY 1990 VL 103 IS 4 BP 891 EP 906 PG 16 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA EP293 UT WOS:A1990EP29300011 ER PT J AU SUN, Y DU, ML DALGARNO, A AF SUN, Y DU, ML DALGARNO, A TI AMPLITUDE METHOD FOR MULTICHANNEL RESONANCES SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONS; STATES AB An amplitude method is described for determining the partial and total widths and the energies of resonances in multichannel processes in which resonance states may decay into many channels. The method is tested by application to a model problem and by a study of the predissociation of the C3II(g) Rydberg state of O2. RP SUN, Y (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD DEC 15 PY 1990 VL 93 IS 12 BP 8840 EP 8843 DI 10.1063/1.459222 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA EP160 UT WOS:A1990EP16000050 ER PT J AU KENT, SM AF KENT, SM TI NEW VIRIAL THEOREMS FOR SPHERICALLY SYMMETRICAL SYSTEMS SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article RP KENT, SM (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,MAIL STOP 20,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 15 PY 1990 VL 247 IS 4 BP 702 EP 704 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EM839 UT WOS:A1990EM83900017 ER PT J AU VEERARAGHAVAN, S STEBBINS, A AF VEERARAGHAVAN, S STEBBINS, A TI CAUSAL COMPENSATED PERTURBATIONS IN COSMOLOGY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 CANADIAN INST THEORET ASTROPHYS, TORONTO M5S 1A1, ONTARIO, CANADA. CANADIAN INST ADV RES, TORONTO M5S 1A1, ONTARIO, CANADA. RP VEERARAGHAVAN, S (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, MAIL STOP 51, 60 GARDEN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. NR 56 TC 87 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 1990 VL 365 IS 1 BP 37 EP 65 DI 10.1086/169457 PN 1 PG 29 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EK729 UT WOS:A1990EK72900005 ER PT J AU HUCHRA, JP HENRY, JP POSTMAN, M GELLER, MJ AF HUCHRA, JP HENRY, JP POSTMAN, M GELLER, MJ TI A DEEP ABELL CLUSTER REDSHIFT SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 UNIV HAWAII,INST ASTRON,HONOLULU,HI 96822. PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT ASTROPHYS SCI,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. RP HUCHRA, JP (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. OI Postman, Marc/0000-0002-9365-7989 NR 50 TC 99 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 1990 VL 365 IS 1 BP 66 EP 85 DI 10.1086/169458 PN 1 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EK729 UT WOS:A1990EK72900006 ER PT J AU ZYGELMAN, B DALGARNO, A AF ZYGELMAN, B DALGARNO, A TI THE RADIATIVE ASSOCIATION OF HE+ AND H SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP ZYGELMAN, B (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 5 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 1990 VL 365 IS 1 BP 239 EP 240 DI 10.1086/169475 PN 1 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EK729 UT WOS:A1990EK72900023 ER PT J AU RODRIGUEZ, LF LIZANO, S CANTO, J ESCALANTE, V MIRABEL, IF AF RODRIGUEZ, LF LIZANO, S CANTO, J ESCALANTE, V MIRABEL, IF TI VLA OBSERVATIONS OF HIGH-VELOCITY H I-ASSOCIATED WITH THE HERBIG-HARO OBJECTS 7-11 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. OSSERV ASTROFIS ARCETRI,FLORENCE,ITALY. CENS,CEA,INST RECH FONDAMENTALE,SERV ASTROPHYS,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. RP RODRIGUEZ, LF (reprint author), NATL AUTONOMOUS UNIV MEXICO,INST ASTRON,APDO POSTAL 70-264,MEXICO CITY 04510,DF,MEXICO. NR 39 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 1990 VL 365 IS 1 BP 261 EP 268 DI 10.1086/169479 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EK729 UT WOS:A1990EK72900027 ER PT J AU RAYMOND, JC AF RAYMOND, JC TI PREDICTED EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET AND X-RAY-SPECTRUM OF A MICROFLARE-HEATED CORONA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, 60 GARDEN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. NR 28 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 1990 VL 365 IS 1 BP 387 EP 390 DI 10.1086/169493 PN 1 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EK729 UT WOS:A1990EK72900041 ER PT J AU FREEMAN, DE YOSHINO, K PARKINSON, WH AF FREEMAN, DE YOSHINO, K PARKINSON, WH TI FORMATION OF OZONE BY IRRADIATION OF OXYGEN AT 248 NANOMETERS SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article RP FREEMAN, DE (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD DEC 7 PY 1990 VL 250 IS 4986 BP 1432 EP 1433 DI 10.1126/science.250.4986.1432 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EL843 UT WOS:A1990EL84300051 PM 17754987 ER PT J AU BALIUNAS, S JASTROW, R AF BALIUNAS, S JASTROW, R TI EVIDENCE FOR LONG-TERM BRIGHTNESS CHANGES OF SOLAR-TYPE STARS SO NATURE LA English DT Article C1 DARTMOUTH COLL,DEPT EARTH SCI,HANOVER,NH 03755. DARTMOUTH COLL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,HANOVER,NH 03755. TENNESSEE STATE UNIV,CTR EXCELLENCE INFORMAT SYST,NASHVILLE,TN 37203. RP BALIUNAS, S (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 26 TC 156 Z9 156 U1 0 U2 1 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD DEC 6 PY 1990 VL 348 IS 6301 BP 520 EP 523 DI 10.1038/348520a0 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EL760 UT WOS:A1990EL76000055 ER PT J AU MOSS, WW AF MOSS, WW TI DISPOSABLE ARCHIVES IN THE INTERACTIVE GLOBAL VILLAGE OF HYPERMEDIA SO AMERICAN ARCHIVIST LA English DT Article RP MOSS, WW (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST ARCHIVES,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC AMER ARCHIVISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 504, 600 S FEDERAL, CHICAGO, IL 60605 SN 0360-9081 J9 AM ARCHIVIST JI Am. Arch. PD WIN PY 1990 VL 53 IS 1 BP 6 EP 10 PG 5 WC History; Information Science & Library Science SC History; Information Science & Library Science GA EG607 UT WOS:A1990EG60700002 ER PT J AU LINN, KE AF LINN, KE TI THE ELEVATION OF THE BANJO IN LATE 19TH-CENTURY AMERICA SO AMERICAN MUSIC LA English DT Article RP LINN, KE (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL MUSEUM AMER HIST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV ILLINOIS PRESS PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1325 S OAK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0734-4392 J9 AM MUSIC JI Am. Music PD WIN PY 1990 VL 8 IS 4 BP 441 EP 464 DI 10.2307/3051763 PG 24 WC Music SC Music GA FY964 UT WOS:A1990FY96400003 ER PT J AU SNOW, AA AF SNOW, AA TI EFFECTS OF POLLEN-LOAD SIZE AND NUMBER OF DONORS ON SPOROPHYTE FITNESS IN WILD RADISH (RAPHANUS-RAPHANISTRUM) SO AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID SEED-WEIGHT VARIATION; CAMPSIS-RADICANS; GAMETOPHYTIC SELECTION; SELF-INCOMPATIBILITY; MULTIPLE PATERNITY; FRUIT MATURATION; SEXUAL SELECTION; L BRASSICACEAE; TUBE GROWTH; MATE CHOICE C1 SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,EDGEWATER,MD 21037. NR 51 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0003-0147 J9 AM NAT JI Am. Nat. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 136 IS 6 BP 742 EP 758 DI 10.1086/285129 PG 17 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA EX566 UT WOS:A1990EX56600002 ER PT J AU SINAIKO, HW AF SINAIKO, HW TI THE LAST AMERICAN DRAFTEES SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article RP SINAIKO, HW (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,MANPOWER RES & ADVISORY SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI NEW BRUNSWICK PA DEPT 3091 RUTGERS-THE STATE UNIV OF NJ, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD WIN PY 1990 VL 16 IS 2 BP 241 EP 249 DI 10.1177/0095327X9001600204 PG 9 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA CL639 UT WOS:A1990CL63900004 ER PT J AU MATHIEU, RD LATHAM, DW GRIFFIN, RF AF MATHIEU, RD LATHAM, DW GRIFFIN, RF TI ORBITS OF 22 SPECTROSCOPIC BINARIES IN THE OPEN CLUSTER M67 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT ASTRON,MADISON,WI 53706. CAMBRIDGE OBSERV,CAMBRIDGE CB3 0HA,ENGLAND. RP MATHIEU, RD (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 46 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 100 IS 6 BP 1859 EP 1881 DI 10.1086/115643 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EK585 UT WOS:A1990EK58500012 ER PT J AU WOLF, GA LADA, CJ BALLY, J AF WOLF, GA LADA, CJ BALLY, J TI THE GIANT MOLECULAR OUTFLOW IN MONR2 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. AT&T BELL LABS,HOLMDEL,NJ 07733. RP WOLF, GA (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,STEWARD OBSERV,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. OI BALLY, JOHN/0000-0001-8135-6612 NR 37 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 100 IS 6 BP 1892 EP 1902 DI 10.1086/115645 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EK585 UT WOS:A1990EK58500014 ER PT J AU BACHILLER, R MENTEN, KM GOMEZGONZALEZ, J BARCIA, A AF BACHILLER, R MENTEN, KM GOMEZGONZALEZ, J BARCIA, A TI THE 44 GHZ METHANOL MASERS - RESULTS OF AN EXTENSIVE SURVEY IN THE 70-]61A+ LINE SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. OBSERV ASTRON NACL, CTR ASTRON YEBES, E-19080 GUADALAJARA, SPAIN. NR 25 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 240 IS 1 BP 116 EP 122 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EM521 UT WOS:A1990EM52100013 ER PT J AU GROSSMANN, V HEITHAUSEN, A MEYERDIERKS, H MEBOLD, U AF GROSSMANN, V HEITHAUSEN, A MEYERDIERKS, H MEBOLD, U TI A HIGH-LATITUDE CLOUD WITH INCREASED HYDROXYL ABUNDANCE SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM; ABUNDANCES; INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM; MOLECULES; RADIO LINES; MOLECULAR ID HIGH GALACTIC LATITUDES; DUST CLOUDS; MOLECULAR ABUNDANCES; INFRARED-EMISSION; CIRRUS CLOUDS; OH; FORMALDEHYDE; EXTINCTION; H2CO; GAS AB We present observations of the CO12, CO13, OH, and H2CO ground state transitions in a small molecular cloud in the Polaris Flare - a huge cloud complex covering 40 square degrees probably at a distance of about 200pc. The appearance of the cloud in visual, far infrared and CO12 emission is consistent with a collision between the cloud and an expanding shell. OH and CO13 column densities are well correlated with the IRAS 100 mu-m dust emission. If CO13 is converted to H2 column density assuming a conversion factor of 5 10(5), these relations indicate that the OH abundance is higher than in dark clouds and even somewhat higher than in diffuse clouds. Also the H2CO abundance is similar higher than in dark clouds. As a further result the observations of the 1667 MHz and 1665 MHz OH transitions show main line anomalies in this high-latitude cloud i.e. non-LTE conditions for the levels involved. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. RP GROSSMANN, V (reprint author), UNIV BONN, INST RADIOASTRON, AUF HUGEL 71, W-5300 BONN 1, GERMANY. NR 45 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 240 IS 2 BP 400 EP 408 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EP777 UT WOS:A1990EP77700027 ER PT J AU SOLTAN, A FABRICANT, DG AF SOLTAN, A FABRICANT, DG TI A SEARCH FOR SMALL-SCALE X-RAY SURFACE BRIGHTNESS FLUCTUATIONS IN CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 1990 VL 364 IS 2 BP 433 EP 443 DI 10.1086/169427 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EJ401 UT WOS:A1990EJ40100011 ER PT J AU GREENHILL, LJ MORAN, JM REID, MJ GWINN, CR MENTEN, KM ECKART, A HIRABAYASHI, H AF GREENHILL, LJ MORAN, JM REID, MJ GWINN, CR MENTEN, KM ECKART, A HIRABAYASHI, H TI 1ST-IMAGES OF WATER-VAPOR MASERS IN THE GALAXY-M33 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & ASTROPHYS,INST EXTRATERR PHYS,W-8046 GARCHING,GERMANY. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NOBEYAMA RADIO OBSERV,NOBEYAMA,JAPAN. NR 88 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 1990 VL 364 IS 2 BP 513 EP 526 DI 10.1086/169433 PN 1 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EJ401 UT WOS:A1990EJ40100017 ER PT J AU PLAMBECK, RL MENTEN, KM AF PLAMBECK, RL MENTEN, KM TI 95GHZ METHANOL MASERS NEAR DR-21 AND DR-21(OH) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP PLAMBECK, RL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,RADIO ASTRON LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 25 TC 137 Z9 138 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 1990 VL 364 IS 2 BP 555 EP 560 DI 10.1086/169437 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EJ401 UT WOS:A1990EJ40100021 ER PT J AU VRTILEK, JM GOTTLIEB, CA GOTTLIEB, EW KILLIAN, TC THADDEUS, P AF VRTILEK, JM GOTTLIEB, CA GOTTLIEB, EW KILLIAN, TC THADDEUS, P TI LABORATORY DETECTION OF PROPADIENYLIDENE, H2CCC SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP VRTILEK, JM (reprint author), HARVARD UNIV,DIV APPL SCI,29 OXFORD ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 23 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 1 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 1990 VL 364 IS 2 BP L53 EP L56 DI 10.1086/185873 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EJ403 UT WOS:A1990EJ40300008 ER PT J AU BUSH, M GRAVES, JAM OBRIEN, SJ WILDT, DE AF BUSH, M GRAVES, JAM OBRIEN, SJ WILDT, DE TI DISSOCIATIVE ANESTHESIA IN FREE-RANGING MALE KOALAS AND SELECTED MARSUPIALS IN CAPTIVITY SO AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PHASCOLARCTOS-CINEREUS; CHEETAH AB Forty seven free-ranging, adult, male koalas were captured and administered an intramuscular injection of the dissociative anaesthetic, Telazol(R) (tiletamine HCI plus zolazepam HCI), at dose rates of 5.0 to 7.7 mg/kg body weight. Anaesthesia induction was rapid and smooth and resulted in a surgical plane of anaesthesia lasting 30 to 45 min. There was no depression of heart rate or respiration. Mild salivation occurred in most animals, but was not a problem because the swallowing reflex was retained. There was no mortality or morbidity and the anaesthesia level was sufficient to allow electroejaculation and multiple blood sampling with no apparent animal discomfort. For 10 of 19 males in which anaesthesia was required for a 90 min protocol, a supplementary Telazol injection (average, 2.5 mg/kg) was necessary. All koalas recovered completely within 3 to 4 h of the initial injection. The results suggest that the optimal Telazol dosage for the adult male koala is 7.0 mg/kg body weight. The retrospective analysis of 259 anaesthesia records involving 14 species indicated that Telazol was equally effective and safe in other captive marsupials. C1 AH ROBINS CO INC,RICHMOND,VA 23220. NCI,VIRAL CARCINOGENESIS LAB,FREDERICK,MD 21701. LA TROBE UNIV,DEPT GENET & HUMAN VARIAT,BUNDOORA,VIC 3083,AUSTRALIA. RP BUSH, M (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. RI Graves, Jennifer/A-1387-2008 NR 21 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY ASSN PI VICTORIA PA 272 BRUNSWICK RD BRUNSWICK, VICTORIA 3056, AUSTRALIA SN 0005-0423 J9 AUST VET J JI Aust. Vet. J. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 67 IS 12 BP 449 EP 451 DI 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1990.tb03060.x PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA ER565 UT WOS:A1990ER56500007 PM 2076068 ER PT J AU DUDLEY, R DEVRIES, P AF DUDLEY, R DEVRIES, P TI TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST STRUCTURE AND THE GEOGRAPHICAL-DISTRIBUTION OF GLIDING VERTEBRATES SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Note C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT ZOOL,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP DUDLEY, R (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,POB 2072,BALBOA,PANAMA. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU ASSN TROP BIOL PI ST LOUIS PA MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN 2345 TOWER GROVE AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 SN 0006-3606 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica PD DEC PY 1990 VL 22 IS 4 BP 429 EP 431 PG 3 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EQ793 UT WOS:A1990EQ79300015 ER PT J AU DU, ML AF DU, ML TI A NOTE ON COOLEYS ENERGY CORRECTION FORMULA SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID FINITE-ELEMENT AB A simple alternative derivation based on standard first-order perturbation theory in quantum mechanics is given for Cooley's energy correction formula which is employed in the popular iterative Numerov-Cooley method for numerically solving the one-dimensional eigenvalue Schrodinger equation. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 61 IS 3 BP 294 EP 296 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(90)90044-2 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA EV550 UT WOS:A1990EV55000003 ER PT J AU DINERSTEIN, E MCCRACKEN, GF AF DINERSTEIN, E MCCRACKEN, GF TI ENDANGERED GREATER ONE-HORNED RHINOCEROS CARRY HIGH-LEVELS OF GENETIC-VARIATION SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The population of Rhinoceros unicornis in the Chitwan Valley, Nepal, was reduced to an estimated effective population size (N(e)) of 21-17 individuals (60-80 total animals) in 1962. Protein electrophoresis shows that heterozygosity remains very high in this population (H(o) = 9.9%) despite its near extinction. We attribute this high heterozygosity to large N(e)'s prior to the population bottleneck, the recent occurrence of the bottleneck, and long generation time. These results illustrate the importance of considering historical demography and life history parameters when evaluating the possible genetic effects of bottlenecks in wild populations. They also offer support to recent arguments that the erosion of genetic diversity attributed to bottlenecks may be overemphasized. RP DINERSTEIN, E (reprint author), NATL ZOOL PK,CONSERVAT & RES CTR,SMITHSONIAN NEPAL TERAI ECOL PROJECT,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630, USA. NR 0 TC 74 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 12 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 4 IS 4 BP 417 EP 422 DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.1990.tb00316.x PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EN685 UT WOS:A1990EN68500012 ER PT J AU PHILLIPS, TL DIMICHELE, WA AF PHILLIPS, TL DIMICHELE, WA TI FROM PLANTS TO COAL - PEAT TAPHONOMY OF UPPER CARBONIFEROUS COALS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP AT THE 28TH INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGICAL CONGRESS - PEAT AND COAL : ORIGIN, FACIES, AND COALIFICATION CY JUL 09-19, 1989 CL WASHINGTON, DC C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP PHILLIPS, TL (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. RI DiMichele, William/K-4301-2012 NR 0 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-5162 J9 INT J COAL GEOL JI Int. J. Coal Geol. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 16 IS 1-3 BP 151 EP 156 DI 10.1016/0166-5162(90)90025-T PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Geology GA EQ014 UT WOS:A1990EQ01400014 ER PT J AU HEIN, H AF HEIN, H TI THE IDEA OF THE MUSEUM - PHILOSOPHICAL, ARTISTIC AND POLITICAL QUESTIONS - AAGAARDMOGENSEN,L SO JOURNAL OF AESTHETICS AND ART CRITICISM LA English DT Book Review RP HEIN, H (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AESTHETICS, DEPT OF PHILOSOPHY PI MILWAUKEE PA C/O CURTIS L CARTER, 404 CUDAHY HALL, MARQUETTE UNIV, PO BOX 1881, MILWAUKEE, WI 53201-1881 SN 0021-8529 J9 J AESTHET ART CRITIC JI J. Aesthet. Art Crit. PD WIN PY 1990 VL 48 IS 1 BP 91 EP 93 DI 10.2307/431208 PG 3 WC Art; Philosophy SC Art; Philosophy GA DK175 UT WOS:A1990DK17500015 ER PT J AU MILLER, B BIGGINS, D WEMMER, C POWELL, R HANEBURY, L HORN, D VARGAS, A AF MILLER, B BIGGINS, D WEMMER, C POWELL, R HANEBURY, L HORN, D VARGAS, A TI DEVELOPMENT OF SURVIVAL SKILLS IN CAPTIVE-RAISED SIBERIAN POLECATS (MUSTELA-EVERSMANNI) .1. LOCATING PREY SO JOURNAL OF ETHOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Captive-raised mustelids appear to have a rudimentary capacity to kill prey, but the skills necessary for locating prey may be eroded during captivity. We tested the maturational component of prey-searching behavior with captive-raised Siberian polecats (Mustela eversmanni) by subjecting polecats to a simulated prairie dog colony of 6 burrows within a 200 m2 arena. Ten naive Siberian polecats at ages 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 months (30 total) were deprived of food for 12 hours. A dead prairie dog was placed in 1 prairie dog burrow and the other 5 were empty. A single Siberian polecat was released onto the colony shortly before sunset and its movements monitored from an observation tower. Older Siberian polecats located prey significantly quicker than younger polecats, but all age groups spent a great deal of time in surface activity not directed toward a burrow. When Siberian polecats were about 10 months old, all burrows in the arena were plugged with dirt including the burrow with the prairie dog. In this winter test, Siberian polecats located the prey but still spent a great deal of time in non-burrow directed surface activity. Economical use of surface time, with a low amount of non-burrow directed behavior, would presumably reduce the risk of predation for hunting polecats. RP MILLER, B (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,CONSERVAT & RES CTR,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 8 PU JAPAN ETHOL SOC PI SAKYO PA C/O DEPT ZOOL, FAC SCI KYOTO UNIV, SAKYO KYOTO 606, JAPAN SN 0289-0771 J9 J ETHOL JI J. Ethol. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 8 IS 2 BP 89 EP 94 DI 10.1007/BF02350279 PG 6 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA FH174 UT WOS:A1990FH17400008 ER PT J AU MILLER, B BIGGINS, D WEMMER, C POWELL, R CALVO, L HANEBURY, L WHARTON, T AF MILLER, B BIGGINS, D WEMMER, C POWELL, R CALVO, L HANEBURY, L WHARTON, T TI DEVELOPMENT OF SURVIVAL SKILLS IN CAPTIVE-RAISED SIBERIAN POLECATS (MUSTELA-EVERSMANNI) .2. PREDATOR AVOIDANCE SO JOURNAL OF ETHOLOGY LA English DT Article AB We exposed naive Siberian polecats (Mustela eversmanni) (aged 2, 3, and 4 months) to a swooping stuffed great horned owl (Bubo virginianus) and a stuffed badger (Taxidae taxus) mounted on a remote control toy automobile frame. The first introduction to each was harmless, the second was accompanied by a mild aversive stimulus, the third (1 day after attack) was harmless, and the fourth (30 days after attack) was harmless. Alert behavior increased after a single attack by either predator model. Escape responses of naive polecats did not differ between ages when exposed to the badger, but 4 month old polecats reduced their escape times after a single badger attack. When exposed to the swooping owl, naive 4 month old polecats responded more quickly than the other two age groups, and 3 and 4 month old polecats reduced escape times after a single owl attack. This indicates an innate escape response to the owl model at 4 months of age, and a short-term ability to remember a single mild aversive encounter with the badger and owl models at 3 or 4 months of age. RP MILLER, B (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,CONSERVAT & RES CTR,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630, USA. NR 0 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 18 PU JAPAN ETHOL SOC PI SAKYO PA C/O DEPT ZOOL, FAC SCI KYOTO UNIV, SAKYO KYOTO 606, JAPAN SN 0289-0771 J9 J ETHOL JI J. Ethol. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 8 IS 2 BP 95 EP 104 DI 10.1007/BF02350280 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA FH174 UT WOS:A1990FH17400009 ER PT J AU FINK, LM AF FINK, LM TI THE VISUAL-ARTS AND CHRISTIANITY IN AMERICA - FROM THE COLONIAL PERIOD TO THE PRESENT - DILLENBERGER,J SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF RELIGION LA English DT Book Review RP FINK, LM (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL MUSEUM AMER ART,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCHOLARS PRESS PI ATLANTA PA PO BOX 15399, ATLANTA, GA 30333-0399 SN 0002-7189 J9 J AM ACAD RELIG JI J. Am. Acad. Relig. PD WIN PY 1990 VL 58 IS 4 BP 700 EP 703 PG 4 WC Religion SC Religion GA FT247 UT WOS:A1990FT24700011 ER PT J AU STEPHENSEN, CB MONTALI, RJ RAMSAY, EC HOLMES, KV AF STEPHENSEN, CB MONTALI, RJ RAMSAY, EC HOLMES, KV TI IDENTIFICATION, USING SERA FROM EXPOSED ANIMALS, OF PUTATIVE VIRAL-ANTIGENS IN LIVERS OF PRIMATES WITH CALLITRICHID HEPATITIS SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Note C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20008. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI18997, AI27203] NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 64 IS 12 BP 6349 EP 6354 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA EJ202 UT WOS:A1990EJ20200080 PM 2123012 ER PT J AU MUNSON, LL AF MUNSON, LL TI FUTURE-DIRECTIONS FOR ZOOLOGICAL PATHOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE DIAGNOSTIC PATHOLOGY; FUNDING; NECROPSY; RESEARCH RP MUNSON, LL (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT PATHOL,NATL ZOOL PK,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS PI MEDIA PA 6 NORTH PENNELL ROAD, MEDIA, PA 19063 SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 21 IS 4 BP 385 EP 390 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA EX680 UT WOS:A1990EX68000001 ER PT J AU WERBNER, RP AF WERBNER, RP TI ULYSSES SAIL - AN ETHNOGRAPHIC ODYSSEY OF POWER, KNOWLEDGE, AND GEOGRAPHICAL DISTANCE - HELMS,MW SO MAN LA English DT Book Review C1 UNIV MANCHESTER,MANCHESTER M13 9PL,LANCS,ENGLAND. RP WERBNER, RP (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROYAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL INST PI LONDON PA 50 FITZROY STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND W1P 5HS SN 0025-1496 J9 MAN PD DEC PY 1990 VL 25 IS 4 BP 719 EP 720 DI 10.2307/2803677 PG 2 WC Anthropology SC Anthropology GA EN590 UT WOS:A1990EN59000025 ER PT J AU IRELAND, TR WLOTZKA, F MARVIN, UB AF IRELAND, TR WLOTZKA, F MARVIN, UB TI ZIRCONS IN THE VACA MUERTA MESOSIDERITE AND SIMMERN H5 CHONDRITE .2. ION PROBE U-TH-PB SYSTEMATICS SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,RES SCH EARTH SCI,CANBERRA,ACT 2601,AUSTRALIA. MAX PLANCK INST CHEM,W-6500 MAINZ,GERMANY. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RI Ireland, Trevor/A-4993-2008 OI Ireland, Trevor/0000-0001-7617-3889 NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD DEC PY 1990 VL 25 IS 4 BP 373 EP 373 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EU263 UT WOS:A1990EU26300082 ER PT J AU LUNDBERG, LL MACPHERSON, GJ CROZAZ, G AF LUNDBERG, LL MACPHERSON, GJ CROZAZ, G TI TRACE-ELEMENT AND ISOTOPIC CONSTRAINTS ON THE EVOLUTION OF USNM-3529-Z, A SIMPLE TYPE-B1 INCLUSION FROM ALLENDE SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT EARTH & PLANETARY SCI,ST LOUIS,MO 63130. SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT MINERAL SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD DEC PY 1990 VL 25 IS 4 BP 381 EP 381 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EU263 UT WOS:A1990EU26300102 ER PT J AU MARVIN, UB AF MARVIN, UB TI THE HISTORY OF IMPACT CRATERING AS A GEOLOGIC CONCEPT SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD DEC PY 1990 VL 25 IS 4 BP 383 EP 383 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EU263 UT WOS:A1990EU26300107 ER PT J AU MASON, B AF MASON, B TI CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION AND GEOGRAPHIC-DISTRIBUTION OF AUSTRALIAN TEKTITES SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT MINERAL SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD DEC PY 1990 VL 25 IS 4 BP 383 EP 384 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EU263 UT WOS:A1990EU26300109 ER PT J AU SEARS, DWG BATCHELOR, JD MASON, B SCOTT, ERD CLAYTON, RN MAYEDA, TK AF SEARS, DWG BATCHELOR, JD MASON, B SCOTT, ERD CLAYTON, RN MAYEDA, TK TI SOUTH AUSTRALIAN TYPE-3 CHONDRITES SO METEORITICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV ARKANSAS, DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM, COSMOCHEM GRP, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA. SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA. UNIV HAWAII, HAWAII INST GEOPHYS, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA. UNIV CHICAGO, ENRICO FERMI INST, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 0026-1114 J9 METEORITICS JI Meteoritics PD DEC PY 1990 VL 25 IS 4 BP 407 EP 408 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EU263 UT WOS:A1990EU26300167 ER PT J AU DUNN, PJ ROBERTS, AC PERTLIK, F AF DUNN, PJ ROBERTS, AC PERTLIK, F TI ALVANITE FROM KAZAKHSTAN, USSR - NEW CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC AND CHEMICAL-DATA SO MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article DE ALVANITE; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; KAZAKHSTAN; USSR AB Alvanite is monoclinic P2(1)/n, with a = 17.808(8), b = 5.132(3), c = 8.881(4)angstrom, and beta = 92.11(3)-degrees. The density is 2.49 g/cm3 (meas), 2.492 g/cm3 (calc). Microprobe analysis yielded Al2O3 34.2, FeO 0.3, ZnO 7.6, NiO 4.2, V2O527.5, H2O (by difference) 26.2, total = 100.0 wt.%. This leads to the idealized formula (Zn,Ni)Al4(VO3)2(OH)12.2H2O with Z = 2. C1 GEOL SURVEY CANADA,OTTAWA K1A 0E8,ONTARIO,CANADA. UNIV VIENNA,INST MINERAL & KRISTALLOG,A-1010 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. RP DUNN, PJ (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT MINERAL SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY PI LONDON PA 41 QUEENS GATE, LONDON, ENGLAND SW7 5HR SN 0026-461X J9 MINERAL MAG JI Mineral. Mag. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 54 BP 609 EP 611 DI 10.1180/minmag.1990.054.377.13 PN 4 PG 3 WC Mineralogy SC Mineralogy GA FH251 UT WOS:A1990FH25100013 ER PT J AU REINGOLD, N AF REINGOLD, N TI THE AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGY - RAINGER,R, BENSON,KR, MAIENSCHEIN,J SO MINERVA LA English DT Book Review RP REINGOLD, N (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERVA PI LONDON PA 19 NOTTINGHAM ROAD, LONDON, ENGLAND SW17 7EA SN 0026-4695 J9 MINERVA JI Minerva PD WIN PY 1990 VL 28 IS 4 BP 542 EP 545 PG 4 WC Education & Educational Research; History & Philosophy Of Science; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; History & Philosophy of Science; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA EU805 UT WOS:A1990EU80500005 ER PT J AU MOOI, R AF MOOI, R TI PEDOMORPHOSIS, ARISTOTLE LANTERN, AND THE ORIGIN OF THE SAND DOLLARS (ECHINODERMATA, CLYPEASTEROIDA) SO PALEOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article RP MOOI, R (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT INVERTEBRATE ZOOL,NHB 163,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 47 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALEONTOLOGICAL SOC INC PI ITHACA PA 1259 TRUMANSBURG ROAD, ITHACA, NY 14850 SN 0094-8373 J9 PALEOBIOLOGY JI Paleobiology PD WIN PY 1990 VL 16 IS 1 BP 25 EP 48 PG 24 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology GA DG903 UT WOS:A1990DG90300005 ER PT J AU ABRAMOV, DI OVCHINNIKOV, SY SOLOVEV, EA AF ABRAMOV, DI OVCHINNIKOV, SY SOLOVEV, EA TI QUASI-CLASSICAL EXPRESSION FOR PARAMETERS WHICH DETERMINE NONADIABATIC TRANSITIONS IN A Z1EZ2 BASIS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article C1 AA ZHDANOV STATE UNIV,INST PHYS,DEPT THEORET PHYS,LENINGRAD B-164,USSR. AF IOFFE PHYSICOTECH INST,LENINGRAD,USSR. RP ABRAMOV, DI (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,INST THEORET ATOM & MOLEC PHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. RI Ovchinnikov, Serguei/C-4994-2014 NR 14 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD DEC 1 PY 1990 VL 42 IS 11 BP 6366 EP 6378 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.42.6366 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA EM500 UT WOS:A1990EM50000010 ER PT J AU RODRIGUEZ, LF HARTMANN, LW CHAVIRA, E AF RODRIGUEZ, LF HARTMANN, LW CHAVIRA, E TI RADIO-CONTINUUM FROM FU ORIONIS STARS SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article DE RADIO SOURCES - GENERAL; STARS - PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; INFRARED OBSERVATIONS; DISK ACCRETION; L1551 IRS-5; MASS-LOSS; EVOLUTION; OBJECTS AB Using the Very Large Array we conducted a sensitive search for 3.6-cm continuum emission toward four FU Orionis objects: FU Ori, V1515 Cyg, V1057 Cyg, and Elias 1-12. We detected V1057 Cyg and Elias 1-12 at the level of approximately 0.1 mJy. The association of radio continuum emission with these FU Ori objects strengthens a possible relation between FU Ori stars and objects like L 1551 IRS 5 and Z CMa that are also sources of radio continuum emission and have been proposed as post-FU Ori objects. We discuss whether the radio continuum emission is caused by free-free emission from ionized ejecta or if it is optically thin emission from a dusty disk. We also were able to find, in the archives of the Tonantzintla Observatory, a plate taken in 1957 that does not show Elias 1-12. This result significantly narrows the time range for the epoch of the outburst of this source to between 1957 and 1965. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. INST NACL ASTROFIS OPT & ELECTR,PUEBLA 7200,MEXICO. RP RODRIGUEZ, LF (reprint author), NATL AUTONOMOUS UNIV MEXICO,INST ASTRON,MEXICO CITY 04510,DF,MEXICO. NR 38 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 102 IS 658 BP 1413 EP 1417 DI 10.1086/132784 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA ER574 UT WOS:A1990ER57400010 ER PT J AU TANAKA, S GUARDIA, M DENLINGER, DL WOLDA, H AF TANAKA, S GUARDIA, M DENLINGER, DL WOLDA, H TI RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN BODY SIZE, REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS, AND FOOD RESOURCE IN 3 SPECIES OF TROPICAL FLESH FLIES SO RESEARCHES ON POPULATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADULT SIZE; STRATEGIES; NUMBER AB Intra- and inter-specific comparisons in progeny size and clutch size were used to identify possible selection pressures acting on three sympatric species of ovoviviporous flesh flies. Both progeny and clutch sizes increased with body weight of the female parent in all species. There was no evidence for a simple trade-off between the two traits. In one species, the larger the female adult the smaller the relative biomass of larvae per clutch (total weight of larvae/body weight of female parent). Female flies produced similar progeny and clutch sizes over successive batches. Variation in progeny size did not influence either larval survival or duration of larval and pupal development. However, larger first instar larvae tended to form larger pupae in two of the species. The experiments testing the effect of progeny size on pupal weight under limited food conditions suggest a selective advantage for larger progeny size. C1 SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT ENTOMOL,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC POPULATION ECOLOGY PI KYOTO PA SHIMOTACHIURI OGAWA-HIGASHI KAMIKYO-KU, KYOTO 602, JAPAN SN 0034-5466 J9 RES POPUL ECOL JI Res. Popul. Ecol. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 32 IS 2 BP 303 EP 317 DI 10.1007/BF02512565 PG 15 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EV937 UT WOS:A1990EV93700009 ER PT J AU WINKER, K AF WINKER, K TI WITHIN-FOREST PREFERENCES OF WOOD THRUSHES WINTERING IN THE RAIN-FOREST OF SOUTHERN VERACRUZ SO WILSON BULLETIN LA English DT Note ID UNDERSTORY BIRDS; ECOLOGY C1 NATL ZOOL PK,CONSERVAT & RES CTR,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630. WORLD WILDLIFE FUND,US 1250 24TH STR NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. RP WINKER, K (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,BELL MUSEUM NAT HIST,10 CHURCH ST SE,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455, USA. RI Winker, Kevin/M-2042-2014 OI Winker, Kevin/0000-0002-8985-8104 NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI ANN ARBOR PA MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 SN 0043-5643 J9 WILSON BULL JI Wilson Bull. PD DEC PY 1990 VL 102 IS 4 BP 715 EP 720 PG 6 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA ET657 UT WOS:A1990ET65700017 ER PT J AU WARD, DC AF WARD, DC TI THE CORRESPONDENCE AND MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS OF LATROBE,BENJAMIN,HENRY, VOL 3, 1811-1820 - VANHORNE,JC, COHEN,JA, STAPLETON,DH, FORBUSH,WB, SHELLER,TH, EDITORS SO WINTERTHUR PORTFOLIO-A JOURNAL OF AMERICAN MATERIAL CULTURE LA English DT Book Review RP WARD, DC (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0084-0416 J9 WINTERTHUR PORTFOLIO JI Winterthur Portfol.-J. Amer. Mater. Cult. PD WIN PY 1990 VL 25 IS 4 BP 297 EP 300 DI 10.1086/496506 PG 4 WC Art SC Art GA FE154 UT WOS:A1990FE15400009 ER PT J AU HUBBELL, SP CONDIT, R FOSTER, RB AF HUBBELL, SP CONDIT, R FOSTER, RB TI PRESENCE AND ABSENCE OF DENSITY DEPENDENCE IN A NEOTROPICAL TREE COMMUNITY SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article C1 FIELD MUSEUM,DEPT BOT,CHICAGO,IL 60607. SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. RP HUBBELL, SP (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT ECOL & EVOLUT BIOL,PRINCETON,NJ 08544, USA. NR 19 TC 92 Z9 98 U1 2 U2 14 PU ROYAL SOC LONDON PI LONDON PA 6 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON, ENGLAND SW1Y 5AG SN 0962-8436 J9 PHILOS T ROY SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. B-Biol. Sci. PD NOV 29 PY 1990 VL 330 IS 1257 BP 269 EP 281 DI 10.1098/rstb.1990.0198 PG 13 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA EM431 UT WOS:A1990EM43100013 ER PT J AU SLANE, P WAGH, SM AF SLANE, P WAGH, SM TI TEV GAMMA-RAY PRODUCTION IN ACCRETING BLACK-HOLE SYSTEMS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES,THEORET ASTROPHYS GRP,BOMBAY 400005,INDIA. RP SLANE, P (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 1990 VL 364 IS 1 BP 198 EP 202 DI 10.1086/169402 PN 1 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EH544 UT WOS:A1990EH54400023 ER PT J AU HERTZ, P BAILYN, CD GRINDLAY, JE GARCIA, MR COHN, H LUGGER, PM AF HERTZ, P BAILYN, CD GRINDLAY, JE GARCIA, MR COHN, H LUGGER, PM TI 4 X-RAY-SELECTED CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES IN THE GALACTIC PLANE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. INDIANA UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. RP HERTZ, P (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,DIV SPACE SCI,CODE 41215,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 27 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 1990 VL 364 IS 1 BP 251 EP 258 DI 10.1086/169408 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EH544 UT WOS:A1990EH54400029 ER PT J AU WIESCHER, M GORRES, J THIELEMANN, FK AF WIESCHER, M GORRES, J THIELEMANN, FK TI CAPTURE REACTIONS ON C-14 IN NONSTANDARD BIG-BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP WIESCHER, M (reprint author), UNIV NOTRE DAME,DEPT PHYS,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556, USA. NR 23 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 1990 VL 363 IS 2 BP 340 EP 343 DI 10.1086/169348 PN 1 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EE918 UT WOS:A1990EE91800002 ER PT J AU ADAMS, FC AF ADAMS, FC TI THE L-AV DIAGRAM FOR PROTOSTARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP ADAMS, FC (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 41 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 1990 VL 363 IS 2 BP 578 EP 588 DI 10.1086/169367 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EE918 UT WOS:A1990EE91800021 ER PT J AU ANDERSEN, J NORDSTROM, B CLAUSEN, JV AF ANDERSEN, J NORDSTROM, B CLAUSEN, JV TI NEW STRONG EVIDENCE FOR THE IMPORTANCE OF CONVECTIVE OVERSHOOTING IN INTERMEDIATE-MASS STARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP ANDERSEN, J (reprint author), COPENHAGEN UNIV OBSERV,BRORFELDEVEJ 23,DK-4340 TOLLOSE,DENMARK. NR 27 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 1990 VL 363 IS 2 BP L33 EP L36 DI 10.1086/185858 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EE919 UT WOS:A1990EE91900004 ER PT J AU MENTEN, KM MELNICK, GJ PHILLIPS, TG NEUFELD, DA AF MENTEN, KM MELNICK, GJ PHILLIPS, TG NEUFELD, DA TI A NEW SUBMILLIMETER WATER MASER TRANSITION AT 325 GHZ SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125. RP MENTEN, KM (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 22 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 1990 VL 363 IS 2 BP L27 EP L31 DI 10.1086/185857 PN 2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EE919 UT WOS:A1990EE91900003 ER PT J AU PIPERNO, D CIOCHON, R AF PIPERNO, D CIOCHON, R TI SCRATCHING THE SURFACE OF EVOLUTION SO NEW SCIENTIST LA English DT Article C1 UNIV IOWA,ANTHROPOL,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. UNIV IOWA,PEDIAT DENT,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. RP PIPERNO, D (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW SCIENTIST PUBL EXPEDITING INC PI ELMONT PA 200 MEACHAM AVE, ELMONT, NY 11003 SN 0262-4079 J9 NEW SCI JI New Sci. PD NOV 10 PY 1990 VL 128 IS 1742 BP 47 EP 49 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EH040 UT WOS:A1990EH04000038 ER PT J AU ROUSE, RC DUNN, PJ GRICE, JD SCHLENKER, JL HIGGINS, JB AF ROUSE, RC DUNN, PJ GRICE, JD SCHLENKER, JL HIGGINS, JB TI MONTESOMMAITE, (K,NA)9AL9SI23O64.10H2O, A NEW ZEOLITE RELATED TO MERLINOITE AND THE GISMONDINE GROUP SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article ID 4-CONNECTED 3-DIMENSIONAL NETS; FRAMEWORK SILICATES; CLASSIFICATION; ENUMERATION; LINKAGES AB The new zeolite montesommaite, (K,Na)9Al9Si23O64.10H2O, occurs with dolomite, calcite, chabazite, and natrolite in vesicles in scoria from Pollena, Monte Somma-Vesuvius, Italy. Montesommaite forms transparent, colorless, dipyramidal crystals, having a vitreous luster, a white streak, and no cleavage. The observed and calculated densities are 2.34 +/- 0.04 and 2.30 g/cm3, respectively. Optically, it is biaxial negative, with 2V = 35 +/- 5-degrees (observed) and 39-degrees (calculated), alpha = 1.498, beta = 1.506, gamma = 1.507 (all +/- 0.001), and no dispersion. The orientation is X = c, Y = a or b, and Z = a or b (a and b are indistinguishable). An electron microprobe analysis gave K2O 16.7, Na2O 0.2, Al2O3 19.8, SiO2 55.7, H2O 7.6 (by difference), sum 100.0 wt%. This yields K8.8Na0.2Al9.7Si23.1O75.6H21.0 or, ideally, (K,Na)9Al9Si23O64. 10H2O for the unit-cell contents. Montesommaite is orthorhombic, Fdd2, with a = b = 10.099(1), c = 17.307(3) angstrom, and Z = 1. The mineral is very nearly tetragonal, I4BAR2d or I4(1)md (pseudo-14(1)/amd), with A = a/square-root-2 = 7.141 and C = c = 17.307 angstrom. The strongest powder X-ray diffraction lines (d(obs),I(obs),hkl) are 6.589(75)111; 4.334(43)004; 3.299(100)222; 3.130(100)311, 115; 2.797(30)313; 2.513(18)400,206; 2.347(22)315; 1.784(22)440; 1.720(16)515,337; and 1.558(18)2.2.10. Similarities in cell parameters, symmetry, and chemical formulae strongly imply that montesommaite is related to merlinoite (K5Ca2Al9Si23O64.24H2O) and to the members of the gismondine group. This suggestion is verified by a determination of the idealized substructure of montesommaite in I4(1)/amd symmetry using powder diffraction intensities. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT MINERAL SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. NATL MUSEUM NAT SCI,DIV MINERAL SCI,OTTAWA K1P 6P4,ONTARIO,CANADA. MOBIL RES & DEV CORP,CENT RES LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08540. RP ROUSE, RC (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT GEOL SCI,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1130 17TH ST NW SUITE 330, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD NOV-DEC PY 1990 VL 75 IS 11-12 BP 1415 EP 1420 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA EY299 UT WOS:A1990EY29900020 ER PT J AU WEGNER, G THORSTENSEN, JR KURTZ, MJ GELLER, MJ HUCHRA, JP AF WEGNER, G THORSTENSEN, JR KURTZ, MJ GELLER, MJ HUCHRA, JP TI REDSHIFTS FOR FAINTER GALAXIES IN THE 1ST CFA SURVEY SLICE .2. SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP WEGNER, G (reprint author), DARTMOUTH COLL,DEPT PHYS & ANAT,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. RI KURTZ, Michael /B-3890-2009; OI Kurtz, Michael/0000-0002-6949-0090 NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD NOV PY 1990 VL 100 IS 5 BP 1405 EP 1408 DI 10.1086/115604 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EF667 UT WOS:A1990EF66700001 ER PT J AU KIRSHNER, RP OEMLER, A SCHECHTER, PL SHECTMAN, SA AF KIRSHNER, RP OEMLER, A SCHECHTER, PL SHECTMAN, SA TI A DEEP PENCIL BEAM SURVEY OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF GALAXIES IN PHOENIX SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 YALE UNIV OBSERV,DEPT ASTRON,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. MIT,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. CERRO TOLOLO INTERAMER OBSERV,NATL OPT ASTRON OBSERV,LA SERENA,CHILE. CARNEGIE INST WASHINGTON OBSERV,PASADENA,CA 91101. RP KIRSHNER, RP (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,MS 19,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD NOV PY 1990 VL 100 IS 5 BP 1409 EP 1415 DI 10.1086/115605 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EF667 UT WOS:A1990EF66700002 ER PT J AU MACCAGNI, D GIOIA, IM HENRY, JP MACCACARO, T VETTOLANI, GP WOLTER, A AF MACCAGNI, D GIOIA, IM HENRY, JP MACCACARO, T VETTOLANI, GP WOLTER, A TI MS-0129.2-2237 - INTERACTING GALAXIES AT Z = 0.11 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. CNR,IST RADIOASTRON,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. OSSERV ASTRON BOLOGNA,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. UNIV HAWAII,DEPT ASTRON,HONOLULU,HI 96822. RP MACCAGNI, D (reprint author), CNR,IST FIS COSM,VIA BASSINI 15,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. RI Gioia, Isabella/B-6982-2012; OI Gioia, Isabella/0000-0003-3127-498X; Wolter, Anna/0000-0001-5840-9835 NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD NOV PY 1990 VL 100 IS 5 BP 1461 EP & DI 10.1086/115611 PG 0 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EF667 UT WOS:A1990EF66700008 ER PT J AU ONEAL, D FEIGELSON, ED MATHIEU, RD MYERS, PC AF ONEAL, D FEIGELSON, ED MATHIEU, RD MYERS, PC TI A RADIO SURVEY OF WEAK T-TAURI STARS IN TAURUS-AURIGA SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT ASTRON,MADISON,WI 53706. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP ONEAL, D (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,525 DAVEY LAB,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. NR 55 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD NOV PY 1990 VL 100 IS 5 BP 1610 EP 1617 DI 10.1086/115621 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EF667 UT WOS:A1990EF66700018 ER PT J AU SHAO, M COLAVITA, MM HINES, BE HERSHEY, JL HUGHES, JA HUTTER, DJ KAPLAN, GH JOHNSTON, KJ MOZURKEWICH, D SIMON, RS PAN, XP AF SHAO, M COLAVITA, MM HINES, BE HERSHEY, JL HUGHES, JA HUTTER, DJ KAPLAN, GH JOHNSTON, KJ MOZURKEWICH, D SIMON, RS PAN, XP TI WIDE-ANGLE ASTROMETRY WITH THE MARK-III STELLAR INTERFEROMETER SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 USN OBSERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20392. USN,RES LAB,CTR ADV SPACE SENSING,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. CALTECH,DEPT ASTRON,PASADENA,CA 91125. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP SHAO, M (reprint author), CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,4800 OAK GROVE DR,PASADENA,CA 91109, USA. NR 5 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD NOV PY 1990 VL 100 IS 5 BP 1701 EP 1711 DI 10.1086/115630 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EF667 UT WOS:A1990EF66700027 ER PT J AU DONOGHUE, AM JOHNSTON, LA SEAL, US ARMSTRONG, DL TILSON, RL WOLF, P PETRINI, K SIMMONS, LG GROSS, T WILDT, DE AF DONOGHUE, AM JOHNSTON, LA SEAL, US ARMSTRONG, DL TILSON, RL WOLF, P PETRINI, K SIMMONS, LG GROSS, T WILDT, DE TI INVITRO FERTILIZATION AND EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT INVITRO AND INVIVO IN THE TIGER (PANTHERA-TIGRIS) SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article C1 NCI,VIRAL CARCINOGENESIS LAB,FREDERICK,MD 21701. VET ADM MED CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55417. HENRY DOORLY ZOO,OMAHA,NE 68107. MINNESOTA ZOOL GARDENS,APPLE VALLEY,MN 55417. RP DONOGHUE, AM (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT ANIM HLTH,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD 23853] NR 47 TC 90 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 9 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD NOV PY 1990 VL 43 IS 5 BP 733 EP 744 DI 10.1095/biolreprod43.5.733 PG 12 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA EE149 UT WOS:A1990EE14900003 PM 2291909 ER PT J AU MORTON, ES DERRICKSON, KC AF MORTON, ES DERRICKSON, KC TI THE BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF AGE-SPECIFIC RETURN SCHEDULES IN BREEDING PURPLE MARTINS SO CONDOR LA English DT Article DE PURPLE MARTIN; ARRIVAL SCHEDULE; COLONIALITY; MIXED-REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGY; SUBADULT PLUMAGE; PREDATION; PROGNE-SUBIS ID PLUMAGE VARIABILITY; HIRUNDO-RUSTICA; TERRITORIALITY; PASSERINE; PATTERNS; SWALLOW; WINTER; BIRDS AB We describe age-related differences in return dates in the colonial Purple Martin (Progne subis). Adults greater-than-or-equal-to 4 years of age returned earlier than Age 3 adults which returned earlier than first-time breeders. Males tended to return slightly earlier than females in birds Age 3 and older. The arrival schedule results from competitive asymmetries over secondary cavity nest sites and predation pressure but not from the timing of reproduction. Older and earlier returning birds select higher nests. Nests located in higher levels suffer significantly less predation from climbing predators. The return dates of mates are not correlated but mated pairs do tend to be similar in age. Egg-laying date is not related to arrival date. Greatly reduced certainty of paternity is correlated with a reduction in reproductive effort in first-time breeding males. The variable subadult plumage in Age 2 males provides for individual recognition, which benefits them in within age-class nest-site competition. RP MORTON, ES (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,DEPT ZOOL RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20008, USA. NR 45 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 9 PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 SN 0010-5422 J9 CONDOR JI Condor PD NOV PY 1990 VL 92 IS 4 BP 1040 EP 1050 DI 10.2307/1368740 PG 11 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA EP836 UT WOS:A1990EP83600024 ER PT J AU MILLER, B WEMMER, C BIGGINS, D READING, R AF MILLER, B WEMMER, C BIGGINS, D READING, R TI A PROPOSAL TO CONSERVE BLACK-FOOTED FERRETS AND THE PRAIRIE DOG ECOSYSTEM SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article C1 US FISH & WILDLIFE NATL ECOL CTR,FT COLLINS,CO 80525. YALE UNIV,SCH FORESTRY & ENVIRONM STUDIES,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP MILLER, B (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL ZOOL PK,CTR CONSERVAT & RES,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630, USA. NR 58 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 7 U2 23 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD NOV-DEC PY 1990 VL 14 IS 6 BP 763 EP 769 DI 10.1007/BF02394170 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EL314 UT WOS:A1990EL31400001 ER PT J AU ROBERTSON, AI DUKE, NC AF ROBERTSON, AI DUKE, NC TI RECRUITMENT, GROWTH AND RESIDENCE TIME OF FISHES IN A TROPICAL AUSTRALIAN MANGROVE SYSTEM SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE MANGROVES; JUVENILE FISH; RECRUITMENT; RESIDENCY; ESTUARINE DEPENDENCE; TROPICAL AUSTRALIA ID PRAWNS PENAEUS-MERGUIENSIS; JUVENILE BANANA PRAWNS; NEARSHORE HABITATS; NORTH QUEENSLAND; WESTERN PORT; ESTUARIES; COMMUNITY; ECOLOGY; GULF; LEIOGNATHIDAE C1 SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. RP ROBERTSON, AI (reprint author), AUSTRALIAN INST MARINE SCI,PMB 3,TOWNSVILLE,QLD 4810,AUSTRALIA. RI Duke, Norman/K-5729-2013 OI Duke, Norman/0000-0003-2081-9120 NR 72 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0272-7714 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD NOV PY 1990 VL 31 IS 5 BP 723 EP 743 DI 10.1016/0272-7714(90)90022-J PG 21 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA EW038 UT WOS:A1990EW03800015 ER PT J AU KOEBERL, C REIMOLD, WU GOTZINGER, M FREDRIKSSON, K AF KOEBERL, C REIMOLD, WU GOTZINGER, M FREDRIKSSON, K TI QUARTZ AT THE ROTER-KAMM CRATER AND POSTIMPACT HYDROTHERMAL ACTIVITY - A REPLY SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Letter C1 LUNAR & PLANETARY INST,HOUSTON,TX 77058. UNIV WITWATERSRAND,ECON GEOL RES UNIT,JOHANNESBURG 2050,SOUTH AFRICA. UNIV VIENNA,INST MINERAL & CRYSTALLOG,A-1010 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT MINERAL SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP KOEBERL, C (reprint author), UNIV VIENNA,INST GEOCHEM,DR KARL LEUGER RING 1,A-1010 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD NOV PY 1990 VL 54 IS 11 BP 3249 EP 3251 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(90)90142-8 PG 3 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EK126 UT WOS:A1990EK12600034 ER PT J AU FRANKLIN, F LECAR, M QUINN, T AF FRANKLIN, F LECAR, M QUINN, T TI ON THE STABILITY OF ORBITS IN THE SOLAR-SYSTEM - A COMPARISON OF A MAPPING WITH A NUMERICAL-INTEGRATION SO ICARUS LA English DT Article C1 UNIV OXFORD,DEPT THEORET PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RM,ENGLAND. RP FRANKLIN, F (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0019-1035 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD NOV PY 1990 VL 88 IS 1 BP 97 EP 103 DI 10.1016/0019-1035(90)90179-D PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EJ701 UT WOS:A1990EJ70100006 ER PT J AU PIPERNO, DR AF PIPERNO, DR TI ABORIGINAL AGRICULTURE AND LAND USAGE IN THE AMAZON BASIN, ECUADOR SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,BALBOA,PANAMA. UNIV PENN,UNIV MUSEUM,MASCA,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 36 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0305-4403 J9 J ARCHAEOL SCI JI J. Archaeol. Sci. PD NOV PY 1990 VL 17 IS 6 BP 665 EP 677 DI 10.1016/0305-4403(90)90048-A PG 13 WC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geology GA EG689 UT WOS:A1990EG68900006 ER PT J AU RIPLEY, SD BEEHLER, BM AF RIPLEY, SD BEEHLER, BM TI PATTERNS OF SPECIATION IN INDIAN BIRDS SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE SPECIATION; BIOGEOGRAPHIC MODELS; INDIA; BARRIERS; BIRDS ID BIOGEOGRAPHY; EVOLUTION AB We analysed the distributions of fifty-eight avian sister-species pairs from the Indian region in order to determine the concordance of inter-species range boundaries with physiographic barriers in the region, and to delineate the degree to which the pattern of distribution of the species-pairs accords with the predictions of four models of geographic speciation. Fifty species-pairs exhibited range boundaries that were associated with one or more major environmental features of the Indian subcontinent: major river system (twenty), salt water passage (fifteen), mountain chain (ten), break in mountain chain (four), plains/mountain discontinuity (six). Among our Indian sample of sister-species pairs, we found examples showing a favourable fit to each of the four speciation models: Dispersal model (twenty-five examples), vicariance model (eleven), refugial model (eight), parapatric model (six); eight examples could not be assigned with certainty. Support for the rarely-considered parapatric model is consistent enough to warrant further investigation of its possible importance in vertebrate speciation. RP RIPLEY, SD (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NHB ROOM 336,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 47 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0305-0270 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD NOV PY 1990 VL 17 IS 6 BP 639 EP 648 DI 10.2307/2845145 PG 10 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA EP217 UT WOS:A1990EP21700007 ER PT J AU MACPHERSON, GJ PHIPPS, SP GROSSMAN, JN AF MACPHERSON, GJ PHIPPS, SP GROSSMAN, JN TI DIVERSE SOURCES FOR IGNEOUS BLOCKS IN FRANCISCAN MELANGES, CALIFORNIA COAST RANGES SO JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY LA English DT Article RP MACPHERSON, GJ (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT MINERAL SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 67 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1376 J9 J GEOL JI J. Geol. PD NOV PY 1990 VL 98 IS 6 BP 845 EP 862 PG 18 WC Geology SC Geology GA EH857 UT WOS:A1990EH85700003 ER PT J AU LESSIOS, HA AF LESSIOS, HA TI A PROGRAM FOR CALCULATING NEIS GENETIC DISTANCES AND THEIR JACKKNIFED CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Article RP LESSIOS, HA (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,APO,MIAMI,FL 34002, USA. NR 5 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 SN 0022-1503 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD NOV-DEC PY 1990 VL 81 IS 6 BP 490 EP 490 PG 1 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA EN505 UT WOS:A1990EN50500017 PM 2250097 ER PT J AU FORGET, PM AF FORGET, PM TI SEED-DISPERSAL OF VOUACAPOUA-AMERICANA (CAESALPINIACEAE) BY CAVIOMORPH RODENTS IN FRENCH-GUIANA SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CAVIOMORPH RODENTS; MUTUALISM; MYOPROCTA-EXILIS; SCATTER-HOARDING; SEED-DISPERSAL; TROPICAL RAIN FOREST; VOUACAPOUA-AMERICANA AB A possible mutualistic dispersal system between a large-seeded tree of French Guiana, Vouacapoua americana (Caesalpiniaceae), and caviomorph rodents, Myoprocta exilis and Dasyprocta leporina, is described. Mast fruiting of Vouacapoua at the beginning of the wet season coincides with scatter-hoarding seed dispersal. During the wet season, almost 100% of marked seeds on three sites were removed: nearly 70% were buried and the rest were eaten by mammals. Unburied seeds were attacked by insects and/or lost their ability to germinate. Rodents preferred ungerminated seeds, and had no interest in germinated seeds. Seeds were buried individually near natural objects such as palms, branches, logs, lianas, roots and trees. After predation by rodents, seedling distribution did not differ from seed distribution. Most seeds were transported less than 5 m from the feeding plots but some were carried as far as 22.4 m. Between 40 and 85% of dispersed seeds were retrieved during the following month by rodents and eaten. The disinterest of caviomorph rodents in germinated seeds, because of rapid exhaustion of endosperm reserves, prevents feeding from hoarded Vouacapoua during the long dry season when resources are scarce. Seedlings emerging from forgotten or abandoned cached seeds appear to increase the recruitment of Vouacapoua americana. RP FORGET, PM (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN TROP RES INST,APO,MIAMI,FL 34002, USA. RI Forget, Pierre-Michel/B-4355-2009 OI Forget, Pierre-Michel/0000-0002-9252-974X NR 0 TC 137 Z9 150 U1 1 U2 12 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0266-4674 J9 J TROP ECOL JI J. Trop. Ecol. PD NOV PY 1990 VL 6 BP 459 EP 468 PN 4 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EW621 UT WOS:A1990EW62100006 ER PT J AU GALLEGOS, CL CORRELL, DL PIERCE, JW AF GALLEGOS, CL CORRELL, DL PIERCE, JW TI MODELING SPECTRAL DIFFUSE ATTENUATION, ABSORPTION, AND SCATTERING COEFFICIENTS IN A TURBID ESTUARY SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; COASTAL WATERS; PHYTOPLANKTON; CARBON AB Spectral diffuse attenuation coefficients were measured in the Rhode River and Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, on 28 occasions in 1988 and 1989. The model of Kirk was used to extract scattering and absorption coefficients from the measurements in waters considerably more turbid than those in which the model was previously applied. Estimated scattering coefficients were linearly related to mineral suspended solids. Estimates of total absorption coefficients were decomposed as the sum of contributions by water, dissolved organic matter, phytoplankton chlorophyll, and particulate detritus, each having a characteristic spectral shape. The 1988 data were used to develop a model of scattering and absorption coefficients based on the specific curves regressed against water-quality parameters. Diffuse attenuation coefficients in the 1989 data ranging from 1 to 10 m-1 and photic depths ranging from < 1 to 4.5 m were predicted with a C.V. of about 25%. The problem of estimating concentrations of water-quality constituents from optical measurements was indeterminate due to the similarity in shape of the specific curves of dissolved substances and depigmented particulates. Chlorophyll concentration could be estimated because it was strongly related to water-corrected absorption in the 670-nm waveband, but several outliers occurred due to biological variability in specific absorption of pigments. C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,MUSEUM NAT HIST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP GALLEGOS, CL (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONM RES CTR,POB 28,EDGEWATER,MD 21037, USA. NR 37 TC 118 Z9 123 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPH PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 SN 0024-3590 J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR JI Limnol. Oceanogr. PD NOV PY 1990 VL 35 IS 7 BP 1486 EP 1502 PG 17 WC Limnology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA EX805 UT WOS:A1990EX80500006 ER PT J AU TOWE, KM AF TOWE, KM TI AEROBIC RESPIRATION IN THE ARCHEAN SO NATURE LA English DT Article RP TOWE, KM (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT PALEOBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 32 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 6 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD NOV 1 PY 1990 VL 348 IS 6296 BP 54 EP 56 DI 10.1038/348054a0 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EF994 UT WOS:A1990EF99400059 PM 11536471 ER PT J AU SHARRER, GT AF SHARRER, GT TI INDIAN AGRICULTURE IN AMERICA - PREHISTORY TO THE PRESENT - HURT,RD SO PACIFIC HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Book Review RP SHARRER, GT (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIF PRESS PI BERKELEY PA JOURNALS DEPT 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 SN 0030-8684 J9 PAC HIST REV JI Pac. Hist. Rev. PD NOV PY 1990 VL 59 IS 4 BP 554 EP 555 PG 2 WC History SC History GA EM202 UT WOS:A1990EM20200005 ER PT J AU MORGAN, JD MONKHORST, HJ AF MORGAN, JD MONKHORST, HJ TI SIMPLE-MODEL FOR ACCURATE CALCULATION OF COULOMB-BARRIER PENETRATION FACTORS IN MOLECULAR FUSION RATES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article C1 HARVARD UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV DELAWARE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NEWARK,DE 19716. UNIV FLORIDA,QUANTUM THEORY PROJECT,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RP MORGAN, JD (reprint author), HARVARD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV 1 PY 1990 VL 42 IS 9 BP 5175 EP 5180 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.42.5175 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA EH119 UT WOS:A1990EH11900016 ER PT J AU CLARK, PU FITZHUGH, WW AF CLARK, PU FITZHUGH, WW TI LATE DEGLACIATION OF THE CENTRAL LABRADOR COAST AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE AGE OF GLACIAL LAKES NASKAUPI AND MCLEAN AND FOR PREHISTORY SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article C1 SMITHSONIAN INST,DEPT ANTHROPOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20560. RP CLARK, PU (reprint author), OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT GEOL,CORVALLIS,OR 97331, USA. NR 55 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0033-5894 J9 QUATERNARY RES JI Quat. Res. 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